ACRL News Issue (B) of College & Research Libraries Seventy-Second Meeting of the Association of Research LibrariesK A N S A S C I T Y , J U N E 22 Rese The 72d m eetin g of the Association of arch Libraries was held in the Linda Hall library in Kansas City on June 22. President Andrew J. Eaton (Washington University libraries) presided. The ., program meeting, which began at2P . M was devoted to “ National Library Issues and the University Library” and was centered around the National Advis­ ory Commission on Libraries (N A C O L ). All four panelists had had some connection with the Commission: Melville J. Ruggles (Council on Library Resources) had been its executive director; W. Stanley Hoole (University of Alabama library) had been a consultant to the Commission for the “grass-roots” hearings held across the coun­ try; Edwin E. Williams (Harvard Univer­ sity library) had prepared for the Ameri­ can Council of Learned Societies one of the studies that the A C L S had made for its report on the needs of research li­ braries; and Gordon Williams (Center for Research Libraries) had written the re­ port of the ad hoc Joint Committee on Na­ tional Library Information Systems (CO N LIS) which had been submitted to the Commission for its consideration. Mr. Hoole, who opened the discussion, summarized the mission and the member­ ship of N A C O L and described the nine hearings held from Alaska to Florida un­ der the joint chairmanship of Commission members Mrs. Merlin M. Moore of Arkan­ sas and Carl Elliott, former Representative from Alabama. A total of 319 respondents (14 per cent of whom represented twenty- eight institutions of higher learning) was heard, and 3,700 pages of testimony were amassed; twenty-nine topics were dis­ cussed, and the pattern of response was generally uniform. It was urged, for exam­ ple, that there be adequate library and in­ formation services at all levels— for the public, for education, and for research— including bibliographic access to the na­ tional information resources; that public li­ braries be strengthened as centers of learn­ ing; that there be a permanent National Advisory Commission on Libraries; that the Library of Congress be converted into “a truly national library” and that there be a board of advisers for it; that there be rec­ ognition and “full acceptance” of the “Critically important role” of the Office of Education in the development of library services; that state library agencies be strengthened; and that a Federal Institute of Library and Information Science be es­ tablished “as a principal center for basic and applied research in all relevant areas.” There was special emphasis in the re­ gional hearings on the heavy load that growing research programs place on uni­ versity libraries, the importance of auto­ mation and of cooperative acquisitions and centralized cataloging, the need for space and equipment, the necessity for more fed­ eral funding, and the requirement for more and better library schools, with teachers “willing to innovate rather than emulate.” A lot of soul-searching has to be done by all libraries, Mr. Hoole warned, for “the role of libraries must change with the times or libraries will perish.” Mr. Ruggles spoke on the need for re­ search— not the mere finding of facts, but the meticulous, time consuming examina- ion of facts, figures, and ideas in order to find new facts, new patterns, and new ideas. The primary function of research li­ braries is to serve the needs of research; and he felt that N A C O L and C LR should provide guidelines. There are overtones of dissatisfaction with research by and for research libraries, Mr. Ruggles said. It reminded him of a story about a hard-hitting Churchill cam­ paign against Attlee in which Attlee was not giving a very good account of himself. “ But after all,” a friend remarked, “Attlee is a modest man.” “Yes,” rejoined Church­ ill, “and he has an awful lot to be modest about.” So it is with research about librar­ 316 ies, Mr. Ruggles suggested. It could br much more effective. Not all librarians are skilled in research Their talents lie in other fields, such as administration. Furthermore, Mr. Ruggles said, “librarianship is not a distinct disci­ pline.” In medicine, for example, there are clearer distinctions; there are doctors, nurses, laboratory technicians, and so on Mr. Ruggles said that he was not suggest­ ing a guild system in librarianship, how­ ever. There should be mobility, but he fell that there was need for some librarians tc spend full time on research. “Librarian- ship is not really a subject for research, but highly specialized subjects within the field need to be investigated.” Also, library education “needs to be compartmental­ ized,” he asserted, with research in the dis­ cipline-oriented schools giving guidance. The locus should be the large libraries, such as L C and the New York public li­ brary, and there should be independent institutes, both public and private— indus­ trial, such as IBM or Bell Telephone, and federal, such as the proposed Federal In­ stitute of Library and Information Science. “It is time,” he concluded, “to take re­ search seriously and to go about it as pro­ fessionals should.” Edwin Williams, who prepared the A C L S study on bibliographic control, ob­ served wryly that now, a year after it had been written, he should attack it, but he could scarcely do so because it has not yet been published. The field is so vast, he ob­ served, that obviously no one agency can do all the bibliographic work of the United States. It is even difficult to obtain facts on which to base planning. Computer tech­ nology offers the best hope, with biblio­ graphic data converted to machine read­ able form. There is need for coordination. A national bibliographic office should be created, and it should be in the Library of Congress, he said, estimating that the cost would be $1 million for the first year. Professional and learned societies have a clear responsibility to play an active role; and international cooperation should be emphasized, for assistance to and from for­ eign libraries aids scholarship everywhere. Mr. Williams spoke of the contributions of the MARC (Machine-Readable Cata­ loging) Pilot Project, the MARC II com­ munications format, and the Shared Cata- Now Availa ble! Volumes 1-5 T h e N a tio n a l U n io n C a ta log P r e - 1 9 5 6 Im p rin ts Book-fo rm publication of the vast Library of Congress National Union Catalog of im prin ts from the beginning of printin g through 1955 is one of the major accomplishments of the American Library Association. It w ill now be possible fo r a library to have at hand for immediate consulta tion a biblio graphical record unparalleled in the histo ry of libraries. W rite now fo r a free copy of the Prospectus (LC 67-30000) and fo r complete inform ation about ordering. Until December 3 1 .1 9 6 8 a special Subscription and Deposit purchase plan for Volumes 1-6 0 is available. Each Volume: 14 x 101/2 inches. 704 pages approxim ately 20.640 entries U.S. $15.18 £6. 6s. 6d. ste rling W rite to: mansell 360 North Michigan Avenue Chicago, Illinois . 60601 or 3 Bloomsbury Place, London. WC1 317 loging Program. “If libraries do nothing else,” he declared, “they must not let the Title II-C Program, authorized b y the Higher Education Act, lapse.” Retrospec­ tive cataloging is also needed. The publi­ cation of the pre-1956 National Union Cat­ alog is important. It will be imperfect, he said, but delay would have been worse. Other libraries should contribute data on books not now recorded in the NU C, and all the data should eventually be put on tapes. “The value of the National Union Catalog to scholarship cannot be overesti­ mated.” But it should be supplemented by the world list of serials— called the Na­ tional Serials Data Program by the three national libraries— and by information about manuscripts, maps, music, and other , materials. Since no one agency can do all the bib­ liographic work needed, should we divide the work by subject, Mr. Williams asked— for example, as the National Library of Medicine handles medicine? And he closed with a more provocative question: “Will computers and machine readable biblio­ graphic data lead to standardization, or will this produce a more luxuriant jungle?” Gordon Williams pointed out that al­ though the C O N LIS report had been sub­ mitted to N A C O L , it has no connection with N A C O L ’s recommendations, insofar as is known. The library community en­ dorsed the CO N LIS report, but, because of N A C O L ’s existence, the question is what should be done with the report. Limitations of time and money did not permit the committee to propose a detailed blueprint for a national library information system. Furthermore, the report is directed to nonlibrarians. It emphasized that sig­ nificant information is not limited to sci­ ence and technology. In fact, “information is a bad term to use, because the humanist does not think of meaningful content as information,” Mr. Williams said. It is in the national interest for society to have full and ready access to informa­ tion. It should be possible for any user to identify the pertinent documents he needs and to have access to them. Yet few li­ braries can satisfy the needs of all users. This problem argues strongly for a national system, Mr. Williams said, but all the ele­ ments in the system do not necessarily have to be supported b y the federal gov­ ernment. The government should augment local efforts, and local institutions and their users should have access to federal sources. A monolithic system was not envisioned, but the committee’s “fundamental recom­ mendation” was that a responsible agency — called a “capping agency” by some— be established in the government to investi­ gate and coordinate existing channels, as a first step, and later to fill gaps in order to insure ready access to all information by all elements of the economy. The commit­ tee felt that mission oriented federal li­ braries could not give primary attention to national needs, because their first duty would be to their own clientele. The CO N LIS report therefore concluded that the proposed agency should be in the D e ­ partment of Health, Education, and W el­ fare, that the agency should have broad authority to act directly, but that responsi­ bility for the agency’s program should be invested in a board, lest the agency be out of touch with national needs and be slow to respond to them. The establishment of such an agency, Gordon Williams and the 318 CONLIS report concluded, would be the first step in solving the nation’s informa­ tion problem. After some discussion, pro and con, of the points made, and a brief coffee break, the program was resumed with a presenta­ tion on “Research Library Management” by Warren J. Haas (Charles Patterson Van Pelt library, University of Pennsylvania), with Richard H. Logsdon (Columbia Uni­ versity libraries) and Robert Vosper (Uni­ versity of California at Los Angeles li­ brary) as discussants. Mr. Haas said that what he had to say was not quite a report of not quite a com­ mittee. Soon after Fred Cole became C LR ’s president, AR L’s board invited him to meet with it. Among the topics upon which he commented was the need for an appraisal of research library management. The board at its December meeting asked Mr. Haas and Stephen McCarthy, AR L ex­ ecutive director, to give some attention to the subject. They recruited Dr. Logsdon and also involved Russell Ackoff, chair­ man of the University of Pennsylvania’s Management Science Center, who was characterized by Mr. Haas as “one of the country’s most imaginative operations re­ search specialists.” In presenting the case for management studies, Mr. Haas recalled that Robert Munn, one-time librarian and now a uni­ versity administrator, had, in the January 1968 issue of CRL, stressed that librarians need to describe more effectively than they have in the past the relationship between library expenditures and the benefits de­ rived from library use. With the intense competition for the education dollar, li­ braries will not fare well unless they dem­ onstrate that present funds are being spent to good advantage. University administra­ tors are concerned with library costs, es­ pecially when they are convinced that “technology will replace or at least serve to control research libraries,” Mr. Haas said. Librarians, of course, are “all for good management,” but what constitutes good management “is not so certain.” To some, “there is a too-readily-assumed correlation between efficiency and economy.” Some favor flexibility, while others “support a meticulously detailed organization and fo­ cus on operational precision.” Mr. Haas v felt that one has good management “when all parties involved (faculty, students, uni­ ersity administration, library administra­ tion, library staff, and even those ‘out­ siders’ we work with or assist) agree that stated library objectives are appropriate and that ongoing operations designed to achieve those objectives are by and large effective. . . . The process of establishing objectives and then employing the right means to attain them is the essence of management.” Among the techniques of management science that can be brought to bear on li­ brary operations are systems analysis and the identification of principal operating functions and the description of their inter­ relationships. They may be described by charting— for example, by organization charts, flow charts, and manning tables. Charts, said Mr. Haas, “can be impres­ sionistic or abstract, they can describe processes in meticulous detail (often to the point where the woods are obscured by the trees) and they can even be surreal- CONTINUING MEMBERSHIP IN ALA Current members who have had 25 years of consecutive m em ber­ ship in ALA may apply for “Con­ tinuing M embership” at the tim e of perm anent retirem ent. Con­ tinuing membership offers the same privileges as Personal mem ­ bership without the annual pay­ m ent of dues. To check your eligibility and ap­ ply, please write: Membership Records American Library Association 50 East Huron Street Chicago, Illinois 60611 319 Save TIME & MONEY w h e n o rd erin g SERIAL BINDINGS Send today for brochure describing B I N D - O - M A T I C ™ THE AUTOMATIC CODED CARD SYSTEM FOR ORDERING AND RECORD-KEEPING Exclusively by istic (subconscious thoughts expressed fan­ tastically). Each style has its use. Charts also have their limitations because they are restricted in their frame of reference. From a conceptual viewpoint, they are one-di­ mensional.” Another one-dimensional approach is cost accounting. Some of its limitations “are overcome by cost-effectiveness studies and by the far more sophisticated Planning- Programming-Budgeting System (PPBS). . . . Here formal long-term planning is re­ quired, priorities are assigned to program elements, periodic performance reviews are conducted, and all of these are related to operating budgets and cost projections.” Operations a n alysis— tim e-and-m otion studies, methods studies, standardization— is useful in regard to circulation, purchas­ ing, binding, and other largely technical and clerical activities of libraries, Mr. Haas said. Methods of operations research, in­ cluding “linear programing, simulation, and modeling, are of potential value for finding the right combination of activities required to best meet a fixed goal and for experimentally judging the effectiveness of alternate ways of achieving a defined goal.” Personnel-evaluation techniques, space-utilization studies, and reviews of communication processes can also help identify parts of the library problem that need study and suggest how a start might be made. In seeking solutions, one could focus first on objectives and then devise pro­ cedures to accomplish them, or one could concentrate on specific problems, Mr. Haas said. Both require information, “only some of which we have.” Some of the questions that require an­ swers are concerned with the relationship between library performance and aca­ demic activity— “the most difficult area and the one about which we know the least.” Specifically: 1. What is the relationship between col­ lection quality, collection size, and staff services on the one hand, and the process of learning on the other? 2. What effect do each of the several elements that determine library quality have on research activity, subject by sub­ ject? For this, we have to determine first what the elements of library quality are and establish their relative imnortance. 320 3. How important is speed of service; reliability of service? 4. What can (or should) librarians con­ tribute to institutional administration and educational program formulation; what can faculty and students contribute to the formulation of library objectives? 5. How can cooperative ventures such as coordinated collecting, and regional cat­ alogs, be judged in terms of their utility and value to individuals who are members of the participating institutions? Other questions concern library prac­ tices, Mr. Haas said, as follows— Are there any good alternates for the fine system? What is the relationship between loan periods and library performance? What can reasonably be expected from computer applications to library operations in terms of more reliable and faster record maintenance, cost reduction, meaningful information services for library manage­ ment, etc.? What is the effect on service and costs of storing collections in each one of the several possible ways? A third group relates to library costs— What are the costs of carrying out each of the many technical and service func­ tions performed in libraries? What are the costs of providing collec­ tions and services at several levels of com­ prehensiveness for various subject cate­ gories. In essence, how do costs for re­ search support differ from costs for sup­ porting programs of instruction? What are the projections for worldwide publication and what are the implications for library operations? What are the facts regarding staff utili­ zation in the context of costs and individu­ al capabilities? What are the cost implications of some of the special library problems of great magnitude? For example, the paper de­ terioration problem is one that needs con­ sideration in many quarters. Preserving or replacing existing collections implies real costs for each library. A management consultant firm, “with sufficient direction and assistance from the customer,” could obtain some of the an­ swers. An unusual approach, one suggested by Dr. Ackoff, would be a “research year,” during which psychologists, computer spe­ cialists, educational philosophers, econo­ mists, management scientists, librarians, communications specialists, architects, his­ torians, and other specialists from three or four participating universities, “faculty, undergraduates, and graduate students alike, could . . . unleash a research effort unprecedented in both quantity and breadth on this one subject of interest to all. . . . The end result would be new insights into library objectives and pro­ cedures, and a great many facts bound to be useful in formulating plans and chang­ ing directions in ways dictated by the study itself,” Mr. Haas felt. “Another suggestion starts with the ends rather than the means.” This “idealization process” has many advocates, Mr. Haas said, including C LR, which is interested in specifying the characteristics of model libraries. In attempting to improve an ex­ isting system “one concentrates on appar­ ent deficiences and therefore often ignores or even fails to perceive major possibili­ ties.” Also, changes always seem difficult because they “are looked at almost in iso- FOR THE RUSSIAN BOOK SECTION Reference and Source M a te ria l • Russian Literature: Classics, Contemporary • Linguistics and Literary Criticism • English-Russian and Russian-English Dictionaries • Russian Language Records, Folk Songs and Dramatic Readings • Children’s Literature o Books on Art • Books on Science • Textbooks on mathematics, geography, natural sciences, history, etc. • Socio-Economic Literature • Russian Atlases and Maps • Soviet Magazines and Newspapers Inquire about our out-of-print books and back issue magazines. Write for Catalogs & Prices Phone 212 CH 2-4500 FOUR CONTINENT BOOK CROP. Y. 10010DEPT.770,156 FIFTH AVENUE,NEW YORK, N. 321 Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc., a n n o u n ces. . . 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Annual Reviews 425 North Michigan Avenue Chicago, Illinois 60611 322 lation rather than in a total-systems con­ text.” In the idealization process, one for­ gets all feasibility constraints and engages “in the exercise of redesigning the sys­ tem from scratch, as though it had been destroyed and had to be redone.” This “invariably reveals possibilities that would have been overlooked,” “ changes are seen in a total system context,” and “disagree­ ment can be focused on substantive issues and means of resolving them can be de­ signed and executed,” thus reducing con­ flict and focusing effort where it belongs, Mr. Haas summarized. Because of the financial problems con­ fronting most universities, it is unlikely that libraries will ever get all the resources needed. The pooling of resources to gain “economies of scale” could improve serv­ ices and reduce costs. This need not be done by actual mergers but by visualizing and realizing the benefits of multi-institu­ tional cooperation. The idealization procedure could also assess the market for library services out­ side the university community. “It is pos­ sible that insufficient attention has been paid to the income potential of library services, or of institutional services that might be marketed through libraries, such as continuing education programs for the professions, reference services for industry, etc.” Furthermore, the “Academic library, as the traditional information source for in­ structional support,” has a stake in the de­ velopment of technical aids to instruction and “might well prove to be the appropri­ ate base for wide ranging and imaginative instructional innovations.” “It is time for a concentrated and critical review of the implications for libraries of the technology of teaching. Such an effort would help separate fact from fiction and would provide guidelines for both library and institutional planning.” And in con­ clusion, Mr. Haas declared that “there seems little doubt that some kind of care­ fully planned crash program to assess and develop research library management is necessary. It will be unfortunate if that process doesn’t stimulate a managerial evo­ lution in libraries— and thus reduce the possibility that other crash programs will be needed in the future.” Dr. Logsdon spoke of Project SSCUL, the proposed simulation study of Colum­ bia University libraries, meant to serve as a model for the study of the economics of any research library. He harkened back to the Millett Report on the financing of in­ stitutions of higher learning, which was critical of libraries and librarians, alleging that no librarians were found who were interested in economy of operations. AR L’s Allerton House Conference of 1954 was a response to this. However, the problem of pressures on research libraries, despite the fact that they are faring somewhat better, are still with us, only they are more in­ tense, Mr. Logsdon said. It is especially difficult for the private institution to add 10 to 15 per cent to its library budget, and some public institutions are faced with for­ mula budgeting. To meet these pressures and to justify needed budgets, research li­ brarians should use all the modern man­ agement tools available, he urged. Mr. Vosper thought that, in the Allerton Conference and since, academic librarians had been unwise to talk about the “library problem.” It would have been better to take a different tack, to describe needs and the resources for meeting them in terms of “social responsibility.” Today, questions are being asked of all kinds of public institu­ tions. Libraries are not being singled out, and librarians should not be “touchy” about this. The questions revolve around styles of organization and methods of fi­ nancing and budgeting. Mr. Vosper also felt that full advantage should be taken of the new administrative management techniques and that special attention should be paid to explaining library needs to today’s middle management in the uni­ versities, which produces the provosts of tomorrow. Mr. Vosper spoke of the value of small­ ness versus the “economies of huge, co­ ordinated, monolithic institutions,” and he felt that decentralization and personaliza­ tion should be carefully considered. While agreeing that better cost-effectiveness studies are needed and that libraries have much to learn— as well as to question— about PPBS, he was skeptical about turn­ ing over library problems and planning to management firms. He also felt that, rath­ er than a “research year,” the institute or seminar focusing on broad problems of li­ braries would be more productive. Certain­ ly more training, knowledge, and experi­ mentation are needed, especially an awareness of the behavioral sciences. “Par­ ticipatory management” not only on the campus but in the library, he said, might well be a beneficial development. Discussion brought out that formula budgeting, as well as PPBS, are already upon research libraries; that outside man­ agement studies are proliferating (some outside specialists are needed because of the “esoteric mathematics” involved); that the faculty, which often runs the library, has too often forgotten even what gradu­ ate students, much less undergraduates, need; and that questionnaires to faculty and students— asking, for example, if you want more seats in the library with the same budget, what specific service would you reduce?— have value. After a pleasant dinner in the Linda Hall library, members of AR L reconvened at about 7:20 p .m . for the business meet­ ing, with President Eaton presiding. He paid tribute to Dr. McCarthy for learning his way around the federal bureaucracy so quickly, for his excellent representation of AR L before Congressional committees, and for his general effectiveness. Dr. McCarthy modestly replied that it was just beginner’s luck. Nevertheless, he was successful in getting P. K. Yu, profes­ sor of Chinese history at the University of Hong Kong for the last nine years, into the United States to serve as the head of the Center for Chinese Research Materials, re­ cently established at AR L headquarters with a 5-year, $500,000 grant from the Ford Foundation. Dr. McCarthy reported that the A R L offices were being moved to 1527 New Hampshire Avenue, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20036 (Area Code 202, 232-2466); that Louis E. Martin (associ­ ate director of libraries, University of Rochester library) had been named asso­ ciate director; that much time had been spent on legislation, especially copyright legislation and that “the more you learn, the more you need to know” ; that a mod­ est proposal had been submitted to the Office of Education for a research project entitled “Determination of User Needs and Future Requirements for a Systems Ap­ proach to Microform Technology” ; that Ralph Ellsworth (University of Colorado libraries) would head a study of book storage costs, funded bv the Educational 323 Facilities Laboratory; that a proposal for a Slavic Bibliographic and Documentation Center had been submitted to the Ford Foundation; and that, b y action of A R L ’s Board of Directors, an umbrella commit­ tee had been created to coordinate the work of the committees dealing with for­ eign acquisitions, i.e., the Committees on the Farmington Plan, Shared Cataloging, Foreign Gazettes, and Foreign Newspaper Microfilming, and that a committee on for­ eign serials would be created. Philip M cNiíf (Boston public library), chairman of the Committee on the Center for Chinese Research Materials, summa­ rized progress. The full committee has met and the librarian members have met with Professor Yu, who visited Japan, Korea, and Taiw an before coming to Washington, where he has spent considerable time at L C . Mr. McNiff suggested that the Center might, as a first step, support the prepara­ tion, especially the printing, of a guide to what is available in Taiwan. He then in­ troduced Professor Yu, who reported that at L C it was agreed that “Chinese ma­ terials” were (1 ) publications in the Chi­ nese language, (2) publications from Mainland China, and (3) publications about China published elsewhere. “It is not so much a matter of what is being published now,” Professor Yu said, “but of what is available now.” The flow of ma­ terials from Mainland China has been in­ termittent, and a priority task of the Cen­ ter is to list publications that are available. Because the Center has a staff of only four, translation may not be possible, but Professor Yu urged A R L libraries to make their needs for materials to support re­ search studies known to the Center. James Skipper (University of California at Berkeley), chairman of the A R L Auto­ mation Committee, reported on the A d ­ visory Committee to the National Libraries Task Force, on which he represents ARL. It met last May at L C . “There is absolute evidence of complete cooperation between the three national libraries, a great deal of time is being put into the effort, and defi­ nite progress is being made,” he said. The priorities are a standard for input, and the M ARC II format promises to be that, and the Serials Data Program. The Advisory Only CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS funnels the flow of world wide chemical and chemical engineering C H E M IC A L A B S T R A C T S is the only complete and comprehensive chemical abstracting service in the world which can provide you with data and ideas to keep your research, development, pro­ duction or educational activities mov­ ing forward. It is compiled through the systematic collecting, analyzing, and processing o f articles and papers from nearly 12,000 journals published in 100 countries and in more than 50 la n g u a g e s . A ls o p r o c e s s e d are patents issued by 25 countries and ir r e g u la r p u b li c a t io n s su c h as books, conference proceedings and government bulletins. Issues are published each week and are indexed by subject, author, and patent number for fast, easy r e f e r e n c e to s p e c if i c a r e a s o f interest. Seven volume indexes are issued every six montns providing you with the keys to the entire literature o f chemistry. Through C H E M IC A L A B S T R A C T S you can keep on top o f all information published anywhere on anything in the world o f chemistry. Users consistently r e p o r t s ig n i fic a n t s a v in g s in tim e , money and effort by avoiding dupli­ cation in research . . . capitalizing on the findings of o th e rs . . . learning about new methods and processes. A ct now to have C H E M IC A L A B S T R A C T S on your desk or in your library. W rite for complete information and subscription prices to; E. G. Johnson, Subscriber Infor­ mation Dept. CA. CHEMICAL ABSTRACTS SERVICE American Chemical Society Columbus, Ohio 43216 324 Committee hopes to be helpful by raising questions, answering inquiries from the Task Force, and serving as a channel of communication to the organizations that the committee members represent. Mr. McNiff, reporting for the Farming- ton Plan Committee, noted that the West European Subcommittee was concentrat­ ing on newspapers for reproduction, and that the Latin American, African, and Eastern and Southern Asia groups were active. With the Public Law 480 and Title Iī-C Programs covering current mono­ graphs in many areas of the world, he said, the Farmington Plan Committee and other committees concerned with foreign acquisitions might well concern themselves chiefly with retrospective and special pub­ lications now. Verner W. Clapp (C L R ), chairman of the Copyright Issues Committee and AR L’s representative on the Joint Committee on Copyright, submitted a written report and summarized it. There are two major prob­ lems, he said: (1) the Copyright Revision Bill, which is being held up because of the C A T V and computer issues; and (2) the Williams and Wilkens suit against the National Library of Medicine and the Na­ tional Institutes of Health Library for in­ fringement of copyright by photocopying. Legal counsel, Philip B. Brown, has been retained by the ARL, whose board has authorized Mr. Brown, Mr. Clapp, and Dr. McCarthy to see how the AR L can assist NLM-NIH in its defense. The Copyright Office has held several meetings with rep­ resentatives of library interests since the A L A Midwinter Meeting, and the AL A has submitted to the Senate Judiciary Committee a proposed amendment to the Copyright Revision Bill. The AR L has drafted but has not submitted one. The AR L Board felt, Mr. Clapp said, that the two should get together. Mr. Haas, chairman of the Preservation Committee, reported on the April meeting of that committee, at which Richard Smith, who is working on his PhD degree at the University of Chicago, described and showed some of the results of his experi­ ments in paper preservation. Mr. Haas N o w ava ila ble . . . YO U R N E W E ST, M O ST COMPREHENSIVE SOURCE OF INFORM ATION FOR CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS in the Social Sciences and Humanities The DIRECTORY OF PUBLISHED PROCEEDINGS, Series SSH, covers all phases of the social sciences and humanities. It includes the published proceedings literature in the fields of education, economics, business administration, law, management, labor relations, social welfare, psychology, religion and other areas of research in the social sciences and humanities. Published quarterly, with complete annual indices. Volume 1, 1968, and Volume 2, 1969, at $45.00 per volume in the U.S.A. and Canada; $50.00 elsewhere. A complimentary review copy of the DIRECTORY OF PUBLISHED PROCEEDINGS, Series SSH, will be forwarded upon request. THE DIRECTORY OF PUBLISHED PROCEEDINGS INTERDOK CORP., P.O. Box 81, Gedney Station, White Plains, N.Y. 10605 325 mentioned, among other things, that the final report on the Preservation Project is being prepared, that the Barrow Laborato­ ry is being continued, and that the Mc­ Graw-Hill Book Company had announced a shift to “permanent” paper. The board voted that the A R L should commend Mc­ Graw-Hill for this action; a resolution to this effect was made and was approved by the A R L membership. A copy was to he sent to Publishers’ Weekly, which is go­ ing to identify in its listing those books that are printed on “permanent/durable” pa­ per. In regard to a national preservation program, the key questions, Mr. Haas said, are: (1) W ill libraries turn over preserva­ tion copies to a central agency? (2) What and where shall the central agency be? (3) W ill libraries provide proper storage conditions for preservation copies if they do not deposit them in a central agency? These are knotty problems the committee has to face. Dr. Logsdon, chairman of the Shared Cataloging Committee, presented the min­ utes of its January meeting in Bal Har­ bour, stating that this committee is on a “stand-by basis, ready to act in any way necessary to support L C ’s impressive pro­ gram.” Libraries all over the country owe L C “a real debt for this program.” He stressed the need, however, for statistics to back up requests for funds. Executive Director McCarth y distributed a question­ naire on the National Program for Acquisi­ tions and Cataloging and urged all AR L libraries to report fully on the impact of the program. Arthur M. McAnally (University of Ok­ lahoma libraries) reported on the Inter- library Loan Code, formulated by the Ref­ erence Services Division of A L A . Majority sentiment, he said, was in favor of liber­ alizing loans. He felt that the objection raised by A R L members had been met reasonably well and that the national code is now acceptable. A manual is now being drafted. The model state and regional code is still evolving, and it tends to be quite liberal, not limiting loans to use for research. Dr. McAnally suggested that each library draft its own code; that a regional channel, such as the state library, be es­ tablished for school requests; and that li­ braries not enter into blanket contracts for service hut rather charge a unit price to eliminate “trivial requests.” Discussion brought out the fact that there are delays of from six to eight weeks in the receipt of microfilm copies from University Micro­ films and there was general feeling that this was not acceptable. David Kaser (Cornell University librar­ ies), chairman of the Committee on Train­ ing for Research Libraries, reported that funding for the project had been an on- again, off-again matter. The committee has now been invited to submit a revised pro­ posal for this program, which Neil Harlow (Rutgers, the State University) would di­ rect. Howard Rovelstad (University of Mary­ land libraries), chairman of the Commit­ tee on Bylaws, called attention to the fact that some changes needed to be made in the bylaws because the board now elects the vice president and president-elect from the membership of the board and this sys­ tem affects the number of directors. Also, the title “Executive Secretary” is now “Ex­ ecutive Director.” Corrective action was taken by the membership. Thomas R. Buckman (University of Kansas libraries), chairman of the Disser­ tations Microfilming Committee, reported 326 A V A I L A B L E I N O C T O B E R Financial Assistance for Library Education, a list of fellowships, scholarships and grants- in-aid which will be available for the academic year 1969/70 has been prepared by the Office for Recruitment and will be available from that office late in October. Price is 50 cents for a single copy; 10 copies—$4.75; 25—$11.25; and 100—$42.00. ■ ■ that L C , which since 1961 has been sup­ plying (on contract) subject headings for doctoral dissertations, has stated that be­ cause of the great increase in the work and the shortage of catalogers, it can no longer continue this activity without im­ pairing the library’s effectiveness in other programs. University Microfilms, mean­ while, has developed the DATR IX (key- word-in-title) system. This system leaves something to be desired, said Mr. Buckman, but L C headings for some subjects did al­ so, and earlier efforts to have each institu­ tion assign subject headings to its own dis­ sertations had proved even less satisfac­ tory. A choice, however, must be made. University Microfilms will provide money for an analysis of the suitability of D A TR IX descriptors, and, meanwhile, L C will be asked to continue the contract for a year until this investigation can be com­ pleted. Directors of AR L libraries were asked to give this matter their personal at­ tention. Mr. Buckman will try to have rem­ edied the six to eight week delays in the delivery of microfilms already mentioned, as well as six to eight month delays in getting dissertations microfilmed by Uni­ versity Microfilms, another serious problem for academic libraries. G. F. Shepherd (Cornell University li­ braries) reported that The New York Times would replace any substandard mi­ crofilm of the newspaper supplied between September 1, 1967, and April 1, 1968. A team from the Eastman Kodak Company has found that the film now meets ar­ chival standards. Dr. Logsdon “told it like it was” at Co­ lumbia during the student sit-in there, and librarians of other universities spoke of some of the consequences for libraries of campus demonstrations, for instance, in re­ gard to insurance. L. Quincy Mumford, Librarian of Con­ gress, who distributed a summary— but fair­ ly lengthy— report on the library, described the status of appropriations to L C , of the bill to amend and extend the Higher Ed­ ucation Act, including the amendments to Title II-C of that Act requested by L C , and of appropriations for Title II-C. He pointed out that the $2.8-million item in the budget of the Architect of the Capitol for the Library of Congress James Madison memorial library building had been “de­ ferred without prejudice” b y the House Appropriations Committee (as later it also was by the Senate), and he spoke of the library’s increasingly dire need for space and the adverse effect that this may have on national programs. President Eaton, after noting that other reports had been filed, announced that the next A R L meeting would be on January 26, 1969, in Washington, D .C. The Asso­ ciation will spend Saturday, January 25, at L C inspecting activities and being briefed on programs and developments of interest to AR L. After some graceful words of thanks by Benjamin Powell (Duke Uni­ versity library) to the Linda Hall library and its Director Joe Shipman, for “extra­ ordinary hospitality,” the meeting ad­ journed.— Elizabeth E. Hamer. ■■P E R S O N N E L (Continued from page 313) R E T IR E M E N T S Philip Hofer, collector and bibliographer, has retired after 30 years of service as curator of the department of printing and graphic arts in the Harvard College library. Mr. Hofer founded this department, the first of its kind in a university library, with his own collection of 10,000 books and manuscripts in 1938. N E C R O L O G Y Miss Ruby E. Dare, librarian of Green­ ville College, Greenville, Illinois, succumbed to a massive stroke on August 8, 1968 at the age of 63. IN MEMORIAM Contributions to a Rudolph H. Gjels- ness Scholarship Fund are being received by the University of Michigan depart­ ment of library science. The New York public library has es­ tablished an Archibald P. De Weese Memorial Book Fund. 327