ACRL News Issue (B) of College & Research Libraries


C&RL News ■  Se p tem b er 1998 / 569

C O N F E R E N C E  C I R C U I T

ACRL explores values 
in Washington, D.C.

Highlights of ACRL programs at the ALA Annual Conference, Part 1

A CRL members made it through the swel­tering heat o f our nation’s capital during 
the ALA’s 117th Annual Conference, June 
25-July 2, 1998. Total conference attendance 
was 24,884 members, exhibitors, and guests, 
including 11,799 paid registrants. (Ed. note: 
A special thanks to the ACRL members who made 
this report possible by writing these program sum­
maries. Their response to a request f o r  reporters 
was so good that, due to space constraints, we 
will run Part 2 o f  this report in October.)

The v a lu e  o f v a lu e s
W. Lee Hisle, Austin Community College, 
welcomed an audience o f several hundred 
people to the Grand Hyatt Hotel on Monday 
afternoon for his ACRL President’s Program, 
“The Value o f Values: Changes and Continu­
ities as W e Face the New Millennium.” Hisle 
expressed his hope that, taken as a whole, 
the program would reinforce our commitment 
to the ideals o f our profession and would en­
gender confidence as w e practice that profes­
sion in the electronic information age.

Next came a 20-minute videotape, “A  Ques­
tion o f Values,” in which six academic librar­
ians responded to questions posed by Pro­
gram Chair Katherine Branch, Anne Arundel 
Community College, about their professional 
values. James Neal, Johns Hopkins University, 
recounted an instance o f a very difficult clash 
of values among members o f the ALA Execu­
tive Board, when the Board debated whether 
ALA should accept an award from the Hugh 
Hefner First Amendment Foundation, recog­
nizing ALA’s commitment to the free flow of 
information.

In response to a question posed to 
interviewees, several of them identified “the

faculty” as natural allies in our efforts to pre­
serve our values, but one o f them had a de­
cidedly different view: “The faculty are hope­
less as far as I’m concerned; w e’re never go­
ing to get anything out o f them.” A  large laugh 
followed Lynda Logan’s, Prince George’s Com­
munity College, musing about the hypotheti­
cal question o f whether she would allow some­
one to put up in her library a display on the 
KKK: “I hope I would. I probably would. I 
probably wouldn’t.”

“It’s my pleasure, o f course, to be among 
book people as well as books.” With these 
words, William H. Gass cast off from the pier 
and, through his keynote address, carried the 
audience on a voyage o f discovery. An 
award-winning essayist, critic, and philosopher, 
Gass is the David May Distinguished Univer­
sity Professor in the Humanities, director of 
the International Writers Center at Washing­
ton University in St. Louis, and in his youth he

No fan of the Internet, Gass observed that 
" T h e  in f o r m a t io n  h ig h w a y  has no 
d e stin atio n ," and th at "M isin form ation  
A lley" is an apt term f o r  the Internet.



5 7 0  / C&RL News ■  Septem ber 1998

was a sailor and an officer in the U.S. Navy. 
In lyrical and well-delivered language he 
shared with us what books (not “information,” 
but the physical book) and libraries had meant 
and mean to him and other readers. A small 
sample:

— “A library …  extends the self; it is pure 
empowerment. ”

— “Like most books, Discoveries is a library 
book; that is, it depends for its existence on 
other books, books within reach of one pair 
of hands and eyes, one mind.”

— “The aim o f the library is a simple one—  
to unite writing with its reading. Yes, a simple 
stream, but a wide one when trying to cross.”

— “In a library we are in a mind made of 
minds.”

— “The work of the institution will often 
take place far from its doors at a kitchen table,
…  amid the clatter of a commuter train, even 
in a sophomore’s distracted head. …  Who 
can predict the places where the encounter 
will occur? The discovery will be made. …  In 
the library such epiphanies …  are the stuff of 
every day.”

— “The book is a great salvation for the lonely 
person. And it’s important to be lonely, espe­
cially in adolescence, so you’ll learn to read.”

No fan o f the Internet, Gass observed that 
“The information highway has no destina-

Rare book librarians prepare for the 19th century

In three years the nineteenth century will be
the “century before last.” Undoubtedly we
will develop a new perspective on the
period’s textual and graphic record as we gain
distance from it. This thought inspired the
theme of the 39th Annual Preconference of
the Rare Books and Manuscripts Section of
ACRL, “Getting Ready for the Nineteenth Cen­
tury: Strategies and Solutions for Rare Book
and Special Collections Librarians,” which
took place June 23-26, 1998, in Washington,
D.C.

More than 300 participants gathered to
explore aspects o f the care and use o f pub­
lished and unpublished materials from the
nineteenth century, which present issues
and problems different in both nature and
magnitude from those associated with ear­
lier books and manuscripts.

Most American libraries acquired the
bulk o f their earlier items retrospectively, 
and have since given them special housing
and treatment. In contrast, many o f the older
library collections in this country contain
masses o f nineteenth-century material that
were current at the time o f acquisition and
have since resided in general collections.

A library faced with such a situation must
grapple with issues o f identification, reten­
tion, and storage. Additional problems re­
sult from the vast quantity o f surviving ma­
terial, the introduction of new formats dur­
ing the period (such as photography), and
the physical instability o f much nineteenth-

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 

 

 
 
 

 

 
 
 
 
 

 

 

century paper. At the same time, scholarly 
interest in material culture, in graphic im­
ages, and in popular and ephemeral publi­
cations is on the u p sw in g. T h e 
preconference offered a mix o f plenary ad­
dresses, seminar sessions, research reports, 
and workshops designed to expand our 
understanding o f the forces that shaped our 
existing collections and to share strategies and 
techniques for their preservation and use.

Sponsors for the preconference included: 
Antiquarian Booksellers Association o f 
America (ABAA); Center for the Book, Li­
brary o f Congress; and the Gelman Library.

On June 24 the first plenary session speak­
ers—John Y. Cole, Center for the Book, and 
Nancy E. Gwinn, Smithsonian Libraries— pre­
sented a detailed study o f the historical devel­
opment o f the Library o f Congress and the 
Smithsonian Institution Libraries. Cole and 
Gwinn delivered their remarks as a two-per
son play in six acts, “National Pride and Preju­
dice: The Library o f Congress and the 
Smithsonian Institution."

With accompanying slide illustrations, 
Cole and Gwinn traced the unique, inter­
twined, and complementary development 
o f these two institutions, as the United States 
struggled to create, operate, and manage a 
de facto “national library” system during the 
nineteenth century.

Both speakers highlighted the important 
roles played by librarians, members o f the

(continued on next page)



C&RL News ■  S e p tem b er 1998 / 571

tion,” and that “Misinformation Alley” is an 
apt term for the Internet. And he reminded 
the audience o f the oft-overlooked fact that 
the book itself is a technology.

Our voyage with Gass was followed first 
by prolonged applause and then by a panel 
o f four librarians, ably moderated by Ree De 
Donato, undergraduate librarian at Columbia 
University.

She noted that values unite us as a profes­
sion o f librarians while distinguishing us as 
individuals, and she said that one value she 
holds dear is the ability both to be brought 
together and to be left apart as w e strive to 
do our work and live our lives. Panelist John

(continued  fro m  previous page)
U.S. Congress, scientists and academicians, 
and private citizens in the formation and 
development o f our nation’s first two gov­
ernment libraries.

On Thursday, June 25, the Mumford 
Room o f the Library o f Congress served 
as the site for a plenary session that ex­
plored the crucial issue o f preservation o f 
library research materials in their original 
formats. “Common Cause: Collaborating 
to Preserve Printed and Primary Source 
Materials,” with Alice Schreyer, University 
o f Chicago, as moderator included three 
presentations: Paul Conway, Yale Univer­
sity Library, on “Preserving the 19th Cen­
tury: Challenges and Possibilities”; Sandria 
B. Freitag, American Historical Association, 
on “A  Scholar's Reaction: Personal and Pro­
fessional Priorities”; and Abby Smith, Coun­
cil on Library and Information Resources 
(CLIR), on "Setting a National Agenda: A Col­
laborative Plan."

Conway outlined the current status o f 
nineteenth-century materials in our library 
collections and proposed a multi-tiered 
model for evaluating and determining the 
preservation status o f these materials. Ad­
vances in preservation technology and sig­
nificant experience gained in the handling 
o f nineteenth-century materials allowed 
Conway to offer the opinion that sufficient 
time exists to meet this preservation im­
perative. Freitag and Smith offered per­
spectives on how to meet this imperative, 
with a powerful emphasis on the need for 
information professionals to engage schol-

Ulmschneider, assistant director for Library 
Systems at North Carolina State University, 
predicted that in 50 years books will not 
exist in the form they do now, and he w on­
dered what our values would be when we 
no longer had to provide access to a collec­
tion. The “garbage” on the Web is actually 
beneficial, he observed, because it is gar­
bage that is free o f the constraints o f “the 
power structure in which w e work.” He and 
Gass exchanged friendly ripostes on the rela­
tive merits o f horses and automobiles, ma­
nure and carbon monoxide.

The entire program was videotaped, and 
the President’s Program Planning Commit-

ars in the process. Preliminary steps, in­
cluding the delineation o f means to en­
hance communication between librarians, 
scholars, and related professional organi­
zations followed.

The final plenary session on Friday, June 
26, included presentations by James Green, 
Library Company o f Philadelphia, on “The 
Nineteenth Century: Overrated or Under­
v a lu e d ” and James N eal, T h e Johns 
Hopkins University Library, “The Future 
o f the Nineteenth Century: Preparing the 
Research Library for a Renaissance in Cul­
tural and Historical Studies.” Green under­
scored recent successes and failures o f li­
brarians and repositories engaged in the 
collection and management o f significant 
nineteenth-century collections. Neal o f­
fered the perspective o f a university librar­
ian, one who must deal with this issue 
within the larger world o f academic re­
search libraries.

As Green related individual and collabo­
rative responses to the challenges posed 
by large, expensive nineteenth-century col­
lections, Neal summarized the need for rare 
book librarians and archivists to inform 
their administrators o f the role nineteenth- 
century materials play in academic research 
and teaching, and to delineate the key is­
sues and challenges academic libraries 
must consider as they collect, manage, and 
house nineteenth-century materials.—  Wil­
liam  E. Brown Jr., University o f  M iami, e- 
mail: wcbrown@miami.edu; Laura Stalker. 
H u n tin g to n  Library, e -m a il: lstalker@ 
huntington.org

mailto:ivcbroivn@miami.edu


572 / C&RL News ■  Septem ber 1998

tee expects to make “The Value o f Values,” 
including the videotape within the videotape, 
available to ACRL chapters and other groups 
via interlibrary loan from the ALA library. 
The committee has long considered this 
two-hour program as part o f a larger pro­
cess, including the structured forum at last 
Midwinter’s meeting and the several articles 
written by Hisle and certain committee mem­
bers for C&RL News in recent months.

One values-related question that might 
be worth addressing in subsequent discus­
sions is the extent to which Gass was cor­
rect when he naturally assumed that he was 
among “b ook  p e o p le .”— R ich a rd  H um e

Werking, U.S. Naval Academy, rwerking@ 
nadn.navy.mil

E n g in e e rin g  th e  fu tu re
“Engineering the Future: A New Look at Organi­
zational Thinking and Hyper-learning,” the 1998 
program cosponsored by the Science and Tech­
nology Section and the University Libraries Sec­
tion of ACRL, was attended by over 400 people. 
It focused on adapting new organizational theo­
ries that center on constant learning and self­
organization to current practices in higher edu­
cation and academic libraries.

The program featured Peter Denning, di­
rector, Center for the New Engineer (CNE) at

News from the University Libraries Section

E d . n o te : For a report on the ULS/STS p ro ­
gram, please see above.
E x e c u tiv e  co m m itte e
The University Library Section (ULS) Ex­
ec u tiv e  C om m ittee, ch aired by Lori 
Goetsch, met twice during Annual Con­
ference. The 1999 Annual Conference Pro­
gram Committee for ULS reported on 
plans for N ew  Orleans. The committee is 
putting together an exciting program en­
titled “Bottomline Leadership: Communi­
cating Your Resource Needs for Success­
ful Services,” cosponsored by the ACRL 
Instruction Section.

The Executive Committee approved 
the Organization/Bylaws Committee’s rec­
ommendation to form an Ad Hoc Mem­
bership Committee. This ad hoc commit­
tee w ill examine the impact o f the new 
ALA/ACRL fee structures on ULS mem­
bership, propose methods for recruiting 
and maintaining ULS members, and de­
termine whether a permanent ULS mem­
bership committee should be instituted.

The ULS Communications Committee 
is working on a Web page that will be 
available on ALA's ACRL Sections site. 
This page will have current information 
on ULS committees, programs, and how 
one can get involved in ULS.

D is c u s s io n  g r o u p  re p o rts
The Librarians in Higher Education and 
Cam pus A dm inistration D iscussion

Group is planning a discussion for the Mid­
winter Conference in Philadelphia on pub­
lic outreach and the social responsibility li­
braries have towards their communities, 
while the Current Topics Discussion Group 
plans to discuss “Education vs. Training: As­
sessing Student Learning Outcomes.” Both 
discussion groups welcome all librarians 
who are interested in these topics to attend 
their meetings this Midwinter.

The ACRL/ULS Public Service Direc­
tors at Large Research Libraries Discus­
sion Group, chaired by Betsy Wilson, met 
to discuss the latest developments at ARL, 
assessment initiatives, and organizing for 
Web support. Mary Jackson o f ARL updated 
the group on the activities o f Scholarly Pub­
lishing & Academic Resources Coalition 
(SPARC), a project that encourages the de­
velopment o f competition in the scholarly 
publishing marketplace. (Ed. note: for more 
information about SPARC, see page 565.) 
She also summarized the new ARL publica­
tion Measuring the Performance o f  Interli­
brary Loan Operations in North American 
Research and College Libraries.

The group then discussed various assess­
ment initiatives that have been undertaken 
at the U n iversity o f  Io w a  (U I), 
University o f Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 
(UIUC), and the University o f Washington 
(UW ). Assessment initiatives are valuable 
for determining which information services 

(continued on next page)



C&RL News ■  Septem ber 1998 / 573

George Mason University; Paula Kaufman, 
dean of Libraries at the University of Tennes­
see; and Kenneth Frazier, director o f the Uni­
versity o f Wisconsin Libraries.

Kaufman’s introduction included mention 
o f management theories, such as quality 
circles, TQM, re-engineering, etc. Theorists 
such as Margaret W heatley and Myron 
Kellner-Rogers are taking the findings o f sci­
entists who now look at organizations as 
living organisms with values-based manage­
ment; values being defined as enduring be­
liefs that affect actions. Emphasis is shifted 
from task-driven management to manage­
ment defined by commonly shared ethical

(continued fro m  previous page) 
and resources library users are using and 

gauging library users’ understanding o f and 
ease with library services and resources. The 
libraries used various methods to obtain 
their data, such as Web questionnaires at 
UIUC, focus groups and usability testing at 
UW, and surveys sent to a random portion 
o f the student population at the UI.

Finally, the group considered various so­
lutions for supporting Web services in their 
libraries. W hile many schools, such at 
Rutgers, have decided to advertise for Web 
masters/systems programmers to design and 
maintain library Web sites, others such as 
NYU, have brought in professional design 
teams to assist with their sites. Indiana 
University’s Pat Steele stressed that Web 
support demands a professional long-term 
approach.— Anne Garrison, Georgia Institute 
o f  Technology, anne.garrison@ibid.library. 
gatech.edu

The Undergraduate Librarians Dis­
cussion Group focused on library services 
to undergraduate students in research uni­
versities that have no separate undergradu­
ate library.

The discussion began with descriptions 
of recent initiatives in service to undergradu­
ates at the University of Maryland (UM) and 
the University o f Toronto (UT). Speakers 
were Charles Lowry, dean o f libraries from 
(UM ), librarians Sue Baughman, Diane 
Harvey, and Desider Viko, and Rea Devakos 
made the presentations for UT.

values. They have also observed that living 
systems learn constantly and are self-orga
nizing; that life is attracted to order, but uses 
chaos to get there; and that because w e are 
living systems, most people are intelligent, 
creative, adaptive, and self-organizing.

Denning’s research and scholarship at 
CNE recognizes the implications o f these 
findings and is using their premises to trans­
form organizational structures within uni­
versities and particularly engineering pro­
grams.

Denning asserts that the new market and 
commercial forces are profoundly affecting 
the university educational system. These

The libraries at UM merged the infor­
mation and reference services o f the 
McKeldin and Hornbake Libraries at the 
McKeldin Library. At the same time the li­
braries initiated a new model, Service Plus. 
Service Plus provides welcoming, teach­
ing services to library users, especially new 
users, and at all service points in the li­
braries.

A report on the library’s study o f un­
dergraduate users’ needs, “Undergraduate 
Library Services in the 21st Century,” as 
well as the “Service Task Force Report and 
Recommendations” and the “Libraries Stra­
tegic Plan,” are available at http://www. 
lib.umd.edu/UMCP/PUB/Publications. 
html.

At UT, as at UM, a number o f factors 
led to a reorganization o f services for un­
dergraduate students. At UT these included 
campus geography and budget pressures. 
The library’s report on undergraduate ser­
vices is available at http://utll.library. 
utoronto.ca/www/undergrad_services/ 
report/index.htm.

The presentations sparked a discussion 
that ranged from service philosophy to bud­
get issues and implications to some o f the 
details o f day-to-day operations.

The meeting concluded with the elec­
tion o f Mark Watson, o f Southern Illinois 
University, as chair o f the discussion group 
for 1999-2000. He succeeds David Taylor 
o f the University o f North Carolina at 
Chapel Hill.-—Linda K. TerHaar, Univer­
sity o f  Michigan, terhaar@umich.edu

http://www
http://utll.library
mailto:terhaar@umich.edu


5 7 4  /  C&RL News ■  Septem ber 1998

R ela xin g at the Rare Books & M anuscripts 
S ectio n  P re co n fe re n ce  are: (I to r) Laura 
Stalker, Mary Ellen Davis, Gary M enges, and 
Pat B ozem an.

forces include employers’ expectations re­
garding job competence and students’ de­
mands that they be treated as customers, as 
well as the inevitable political forces affect­
ing funding and support.

In particular, Denning stressed the impact 
of the development o f “hyper-learning” as 
represented by the use o f the Internet in dis­
tance education. Gestated on the Internet, 
hyper-learning involves a nonlinear, decen­
tralized system in which the path one takes 
to attain knowledge and the time it takes 
one to achieve it will vary. By contrast, the 
traditional classroom model o f teaching is 
linear and centralized, occurring within a 
fixed path and a fixed time period, yet en­
tailing variable outcomes in the form of grades. 
Together these forces mandate structural

Order Annual Conference audiocassettes
Audiocassettes of selected ACRL programs 
from the 1998 ALA Annual Conference in 
Washington, D.C. are now available. Each 
program consists o f two cassettes and sells 
for $24, unless otherwise noted.

Library Services to Distant Students: 
Values, Ethics and Cooperation (ACRL/ 
Distance Learning Section, Community 
and Junior College Libraries Section, 
Copyright Committee), 1 cassette, $12. 
Order no. ALA 806

Fair Use— A  Value in the Digital Age 
(ACRL Copyright Committee). Order no. 
ALA 813

Engineering the Future: A  New  Look 
at Organizational Thinking and Hyper- 
Learning (ACRL University Library Sec­
tion, Science & Technology Section). 
Order no. ALA 814

Research 2001: Learned Societies Fa­
cilitating Information Awareness and 
Dissemination in Sociology and Anthro­
pology (ACRL Anthropology & Sociol­
ogy Section). Order no. ALA 830

W h en  Education Becomes A  Busi­
ness, What Happens to Traditional Li­
brary Values (ACRL College Libraries 
Section), 1 cassette, $12. Order no. ALA 
831

Re-Imag(in)ing the Text: The Literacy 
Text in the Electronic Age (ACRL En­
glish and Am erican Literature, Rare

Books and Manuscripts Section, Elec­
tronic Text Centers Discussion Group. 
Order no. ALA 836

The Future o f  A re a  Studies 
Librarianship (ACRL Slavic and East Eu­
ropean Section). Order no. ALA 837

A  World in Motion: Refugees and Re­
sources (ACRL Asian, African & Middle 
Eastern Section, ACRL Women’s Studies 
Section, International Relations Com­
mittee). Order no. ALA 853

Diversity and Demographics: Are We 
Ready for the 21st Century? (ACRL Ra­
cial & Ethnic Diversity). Order no. ALA 
854

Digitizing a Continent: National-Level 
Planning for European Libraries (ACRL 
W estern European Specialists, Arts). 
Order no. ALA 855

The Value o f Values: Changes and 
Continuities as We Face the New Millen­
nium (ACRL President’s Program). Or­
der no. ALA 862

Audiocassettes for other ALA programs 
are also available. Call, write, or fax your 
order form to: Teach ’Em, 160 E. Illinois St., 
Suite 300, Chicago, IL 60611; (800) 225-3775; 
fax: (312) 467-9271, credit cards only; e- 
mail:teach'em@bonus-books.com; Web site: 
http://www.bonus-books.com. You may pay 
by check (payable to Team'em) or credit card 
(Visa, MC, AMEX).

mailto:em@bonus-books.com
http://www.bonus-books.com


C&RL News ■  Septem b er 1998 / 575

changes in the curriculum and in the ways we 
teach and learn.

Denning’s work concentrates on redefin­
ing engineering curricula, but it also has rel­
evance for universities and libraries as a whole. 
He feels that in the past engineers have been 
trained to be primarily problem solvers. In the 
future, engineers will need to do more than 
solve problems to satisfy the new forces at 
work. For example, they will need to be good 
listeners and effective facilitators o f their cli­
ents’ projects.

Denning’s solution to this situation is called 
Sense 21, which he defines as “a new engi­
neering common sense for the 21st century.” 
In order to discover and adjust to the new 
common sense, Denning believes we must 
first discuss how our current common sense 
is constituted. This means evaluating shared 
sets of beliefs, values, suppositions, myths, and 
habits that are usually taken for granted.

In teaching his experimental classes at CNE, 
Denning seeks to put the vision and values of 
new organizational theories into practice by 
pursuing what he terms a “hermeneutical prag­
matics.” One aspect o f this approach involves 
asking his students to attempt an “ontological 
mapping” o f their lives. Ontological mapping 
is the ability to map out one’s domain of ac­
tion by his or her background assumptions; 
or, more simply, to know how one compre­
hends the world. Since this is a complicated 
multileveled procedure, Denning’s students 
must go through several skill levels as they 
dissect and define their ontological maps. 
Among other skills, they must learn to iden­
tify and control their individual identities by 
managing the human tendency towards 
storytelling and (auto)biography. Once this is 
achieved, they can move to managing and mo­
bilizing others.

Those who can attain the highest herme­
neutic skill levels, Denning notes, gain the 
ability to centralize practices that were for­
merly anomalous. Denning points to the 
Internet as a prime example o f an arena that 
those skilled in hermeneutical pragmatics have 
managed to normalize.

Ken Frazier, director of libraries at the Uni­
versity o f Wisconsin-Madison, and Paula 
Kaufman followed Denning’s talk with some 
observations on how his work and theories 
can be applied to academic libraries, since the 
emphasis is on the joy of learning and solu­

tions to seemingly intractable problems. Work­
ing together on trust and commitment to col­
laboration are valued by librarians. In an en­
vironment that may not be favorable for li­
braries, opportunities are there to apply new 
organizational practices, which will require 
shifts in librarians’ attitudes. Accountability 
must be to a shared organizational mission.

Frazier commented that while many people 
fear the influence o f market forces on 
academia, he sees reason to be optimistic. He 
avows that libraries are accepting the chal­
lenge issued by market forces by increasingly 
embracing collaborative projects. An example 
is the Scholarly Publishing & Academic Re­
sources Coalition (SPARC), a partnership 
project o f the Association o f Research Librar­
ies (ARL) and other educational and research 
organizations whose mission is to create a 
more competitive marketplace for research in­
formation.

Kaufman also senses that libraries are well 
placed to embrace the challenges o f values-
based organizational thinking. She points to 
the shifting interpretations o f once conven­
tional wisdom with regard to organizational 
leadership and planning. Where before we 
tended to lead by declaration, she noted, we

Michigan was well represented at ACRL meetings. 
Here are (left to right) Elaine Didier, Barbara 
MacAdam, and Patricia Breivik.

now tend to lead by example. And where 
before w e would chose five to six goals to 
pursue, today we recognize that goals are con­
stantly shifting and that we must constantly 
plan and evaluate our goals,— Anne Garrison, 
G eorgia  In stitu te o f  Technology, anne. 
garrison@ibid.library.gatech.edu and Lois 
M. Pausch, University o f  Illinois, l-pausch@ 
uiuc.edu ■

mailto:garrison@ibid.library.gatech.edu


5 7 6  /  C&RL News ■  Septem ber 1998