id sid tid token lemma pos crl-24514 1 1 822 822 NUM crl-24514 1 2 news news NOUN crl-24514 1 3 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 1 4 : : PUNCT crl-24514 1 5 adapting adapt VERB crl-24514 1 6 and and CCONJ crl-24514 1 7 testing test VERB crl-24514 1 8 a a DET crl-24514 1 9 source source NOUN crl-24514 1 10 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 1 11 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 1 12 in in ADP crl-24514 1 13 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 1 14 piotr piotr PROPN crl-24514 1 15 s. s. PROPN crl-24514 1 16 bobkowski bobkowski PROPN crl-24514 1 17 and and CCONJ crl-24514 1 18 karna karna PROPN crl-24514 1 19 younger young ADJ crl-24514 1 20 * * PUNCT crl-24514 1 21 this this DET crl-24514 1 22 paper paper NOUN crl-24514 1 23 discusses discuss VERB crl-24514 1 24 the the DET crl-24514 1 25 development development NOUN crl-24514 1 26 of of ADP crl-24514 1 27 a a DET crl-24514 1 28 source source NOUN crl-24514 1 29 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 1 30 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 1 31 , , PUNCT crl-24514 1 32 and and CCONJ crl-24514 1 33 presents present VERB crl-24514 1 34 the the DET crl-24514 1 35 results result NOUN crl-24514 1 36 of of ADP crl-24514 1 37 using use VERB crl-24514 1 38 this this DET crl-24514 1 39 instrument instrument NOUN crl-24514 1 40 in in ADP crl-24514 1 41 a a DET crl-24514 1 42 one one NUM crl-24514 1 43 - - PUNCT crl-24514 1 44 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 1 45 information information NOUN crl-24514 1 46 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 1 47 course course NOUN crl-24514 1 48 for for ADP crl-24514 1 49 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 1 50 students student NOUN crl-24514 1 51 . . PUNCT crl-24514 2 1 the the DET crl-24514 2 2 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 2 3 was be AUX crl-24514 2 4 developed develop VERB crl-24514 2 5 using use VERB crl-24514 2 6 the the DET crl-24514 2 7 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 2 8 concept concept NOUN crl-24514 2 9 perspective perspective NOUN crl-24514 2 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 2 11 the the DET crl-24514 2 12 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 2 13 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 2 14 is be AUX crl-24514 2 15 constructed construct VERB crl-24514 2 16 and and CCONJ crl-24514 2 17 contextual contextual ADJ crl-24514 2 18 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 2 19 frame frame NOUN crl-24514 2 20 , , PUNCT crl-24514 2 21 and and CCONJ crl-24514 2 22 an an DET crl-24514 2 23 established establish VERB crl-24514 2 24 source source NOUN crl-24514 2 25 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 2 26 rubric rubric NOUN crl-24514 2 27 . . PUNCT crl-24514 3 1 as as ADP crl-24514 3 2 formative formative ADJ crl-24514 3 3 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 3 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 3 5 the the DET crl-24514 3 6 instrument instrument NOUN crl-24514 3 7 showed show VERB crl-24514 3 8 that that SCONJ crl-24514 3 9 students student NOUN crl-24514 3 10 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 3 11 source source NOUN crl-24514 3 12 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 3 13 lacked lack VERB crl-24514 3 14 evidence evidence NOUN crl-24514 3 15 and and CCONJ crl-24514 3 16 included include VERB crl-24514 3 17 ritualized ritualized ADJ crl-24514 3 18 language language NOUN crl-24514 3 19 . . PUNCT crl-24514 4 1 as as ADP crl-24514 4 2 summative summative ADJ crl-24514 4 3 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 4 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 4 5 it it PRON crl-24514 4 6 showed show VERB crl-24514 4 7 that that SCONJ crl-24514 4 8 students student NOUN crl-24514 4 9 used use VERB crl-24514 4 10 a a DET crl-24514 4 11 greater great ADJ crl-24514 4 12 range range NOUN crl-24514 4 13 of of ADP crl-24514 4 14 indicators indicator NOUN crl-24514 4 15 of of ADP crl-24514 4 16 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 4 17 than than SCONJ crl-24514 4 18 they they PRON crl-24514 4 19 used use VERB crl-24514 4 20 initially initially ADV crl-24514 4 21 , , PUNCT crl-24514 4 22 and and CCONJ crl-24514 4 23 used use VERB crl-24514 4 24 evidence evidence NOUN crl-24514 4 25 more more ADV crl-24514 4 26 frequently frequently ADV crl-24514 4 27 . . PUNCT crl-24514 5 1 the the DET crl-24514 5 2 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 5 3 can can AUX crl-24514 5 4 measure measure VERB crl-24514 5 5 students student NOUN crl-24514 5 6 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 5 7 source source NOUN crl-24514 5 8 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 5 9 across across ADP crl-24514 5 10 the the DET crl-24514 5 11 disciplines discipline NOUN crl-24514 5 12 . . PUNCT crl-24514 6 1 introduction introduction NOUN crl-24514 6 2 source source NOUN crl-24514 6 3 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 6 4 is be AUX crl-24514 6 5 a a DET crl-24514 6 6 fundamental fundamental ADJ crl-24514 6 7 information information NOUN crl-24514 6 8 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 6 9 skill skill NOUN crl-24514 6 10 for for ADP crl-24514 6 11 all all DET crl-24514 6 12 undergraduate undergraduate ADJ crl-24514 6 13 students student NOUN crl-24514 6 14 and and CCONJ crl-24514 6 15 is be AUX crl-24514 6 16 indispensable indispensable ADJ crl-24514 6 17 for for ADP crl-24514 6 18 aspiring aspire VERB crl-24514 6 19 journalists journalist NOUN crl-24514 6 20 and and CCONJ crl-24514 6 21 other other ADJ crl-24514 6 22 communication communication NOUN crl-24514 6 23 professionals professional NOUN crl-24514 6 24 . . PUNCT crl-24514 7 1 a a DET crl-24514 7 2 journalist journalist NOUN crl-24514 7 3 ’s ’s NOUN crl-24514 7 4 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 7 5 and and CCONJ crl-24514 7 6 livelihood livelihood NOUN crl-24514 7 7 depend depend VERB crl-24514 7 8 on on ADP crl-24514 7 9 their their PRON crl-24514 7 10 ability ability NOUN crl-24514 7 11 to to PART crl-24514 7 12 locate locate VERB crl-24514 7 13 , , PUNCT crl-24514 7 14 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 7 15 , , PUNCT crl-24514 7 16 verify verify VERB crl-24514 7 17 , , PUNCT crl-24514 7 18 and and CCONJ crl-24514 7 19 accurately accurately ADV crl-24514 7 20 report report VERB crl-24514 7 21 credible credible ADJ crl-24514 7 22 sources,1 sources,1 NOUN crl-24514 7 23 as as SCONJ crl-24514 7 24 illustrated illustrate VERB crl-24514 7 25 by by ADP crl-24514 7 26 the the DET crl-24514 7 27 fates fate NOUN crl-24514 7 28 of of ADP crl-24514 7 29 disgraced disgraced ADJ crl-24514 7 30 journalists journalist NOUN crl-24514 7 31 like like ADP crl-24514 7 32 jayson jayson PROPN crl-24514 7 33 blair blair PROPN crl-24514 7 34 , , PUNCT crl-24514 7 35 stephen stephen PROPN crl-24514 7 36 glass glass PROPN crl-24514 7 37 , , PUNCT crl-24514 7 38 and and CCONJ crl-24514 7 39 brian brian PROPN crl-24514 7 40 williams williams PROPN crl-24514 7 41 , , PUNCT crl-24514 7 42 who who PRON crl-24514 7 43 fabricated fabricate VERB crl-24514 7 44 or or CCONJ crl-24514 7 45 used use VERB crl-24514 7 46 inappropriate inappropriate ADJ crl-24514 7 47 sources.2 sources.2 NOUN crl-24514 7 48 accreditation accreditation NOUN crl-24514 7 49 requirements requirement NOUN crl-24514 7 50 for for ADP crl-24514 7 51 departments department NOUN crl-24514 7 52 and and CCONJ crl-24514 7 53 schools school NOUN crl-24514 7 54 of of ADP crl-24514 7 55 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 7 56 include include VERB crl-24514 7 57 demonstrating demonstrate VERB crl-24514 7 58 that that SCONJ crl-24514 7 59 graduates graduate NOUN crl-24514 7 60 can can AUX crl-24514 7 61 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 7 62 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 7 63 information information NOUN crl-24514 7 64 by by ADP crl-24514 7 65 methods method NOUN crl-24514 7 66 appropriate appropriate ADJ crl-24514 7 67 to to ADP crl-24514 7 68 the the DET crl-24514 7 69 communications communication NOUN crl-24514 7 70 professions profession NOUN crl-24514 7 71 in in ADP crl-24514 7 72 which which PRON crl-24514 7 73 they they PRON crl-24514 7 74 work work VERB crl-24514 7 75 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 7 76 and and CCONJ crl-24514 7 77 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 7 78 critically critically ADV crl-24514 7 79 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 7 80 their their PRON crl-24514 7 81 own own ADJ crl-24514 7 82 work work NOUN crl-24514 7 83 and and CCONJ crl-24514 7 84 that that PRON crl-24514 7 85 of of ADP crl-24514 7 86 others other NOUN crl-24514 7 87 for for ADP crl-24514 7 88 accuracy accuracy NOUN crl-24514 7 89 and and CCONJ crl-24514 7 90 fairness fairness NOUN crl-24514 7 91 . . PUNCT crl-24514 7 92 ”3 ”3 SPACE crl-24514 8 1 according accord VERB crl-24514 8 2 to to ADP crl-24514 8 3 a a DET crl-24514 8 4 survey survey NOUN crl-24514 8 5 of of ADP crl-24514 8 6 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 8 7 faculty faculty NOUN crl-24514 8 8 , , PUNCT crl-24514 8 9 most most ADJ crl-24514 8 10 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 8 11 students student NOUN crl-24514 8 12 need need VERB crl-24514 8 13 greater great ADJ crl-24514 8 14 proficiency proficiency NOUN crl-24514 8 15 in in ADP crl-24514 8 16 evaluating evaluate VERB crl-24514 8 17 and and CCONJ crl-24514 8 18 selecting select VERB crl-24514 8 19 quality quality NOUN crl-24514 8 20 information information NOUN crl-24514 8 21 sources.4 sources.4 PROPN crl-24514 8 22 although although SCONJ crl-24514 8 23 the the DET crl-24514 8 24 literature literature NOUN crl-24514 8 25 contains contain VERB crl-24514 8 26 a a DET crl-24514 8 27 number number NOUN crl-24514 8 28 of of ADP crl-24514 8 29 published publish VERB crl-24514 8 30 information information NOUN crl-24514 8 31 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 8 32 assessments,5 assessments,5 SCONJ crl-24514 8 33 journalistic journalistic ADJ crl-24514 8 34 writing writing NOUN crl-24514 8 35 uses use VERB crl-24514 8 36 unique unique ADJ crl-24514 8 37 sources source NOUN crl-24514 8 38 and and CCONJ crl-24514 8 39 treats treat VERB crl-24514 8 40 sources source NOUN crl-24514 8 41 differently differently ADV crl-24514 8 42 from from ADP crl-24514 8 43 many many ADJ crl-24514 8 44 other other ADJ crl-24514 8 45 academic academic ADJ crl-24514 8 46 disciplines discipline NOUN crl-24514 8 47 , , PUNCT crl-24514 8 48 justifying justify VERB crl-24514 8 49 the the DET crl-24514 8 50 need need NOUN crl-24514 8 51 for for ADP crl-24514 8 52 a a DET crl-24514 8 53 specialized specialized ADJ crl-24514 8 54 source source NOUN crl-24514 8 55 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 8 56 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 8 57 . . PUNCT crl-24514 9 1 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 9 2 students student NOUN crl-24514 9 3 learn learn VERB crl-24514 9 4 to to PART crl-24514 9 5 use use VERB crl-24514 9 6 not not PART crl-24514 9 7 only only ADV crl-24514 9 8 scholarly scholarly ADJ crl-24514 9 9 research research NOUN crl-24514 9 10 as as ADP crl-24514 9 11 sources source NOUN crl-24514 9 12 but but CCONJ crl-24514 9 13 also also ADV crl-24514 9 14 news news NOUN crl-24514 9 15 reports report NOUN crl-24514 9 16 , , PUNCT crl-24514 9 17 official official ADJ crl-24514 9 18 statements statement NOUN crl-24514 9 19 , , PUNCT crl-24514 9 20 public public ADJ crl-24514 9 21 records record NOUN crl-24514 9 22 , , PUNCT crl-24514 9 23 and and CCONJ crl-24514 9 24 interview interview NOUN crl-24514 9 25 subjects subject NOUN crl-24514 9 26 , , PUNCT crl-24514 9 27 among among ADP crl-24514 9 28 others other NOUN crl-24514 9 29 . . PUNCT crl-24514 10 1 unlike unlike ADP crl-24514 10 2 traditional traditional ADJ crl-24514 10 3 academic academic ADJ crl-24514 10 4 standards standard NOUN crl-24514 10 5 , , PUNCT crl-24514 10 6 journalists journalist NOUN crl-24514 10 7 generally generally ADV crl-24514 10 8 attribute attribute VERB crl-24514 10 9 their their PRON crl-24514 10 10 sources source NOUN crl-24514 10 11 directly directly ADV crl-24514 10 12 inside inside ADP crl-24514 10 13 their their PRON crl-24514 10 14 articles article NOUN crl-24514 10 15 , , PUNCT crl-24514 10 16 either either CCONJ crl-24514 10 17 by by ADP crl-24514 10 18 name name NOUN crl-24514 10 19 or or CCONJ crl-24514 10 20 unnamed unnamed ADJ crl-24514 10 21 , , PUNCT crl-24514 10 22 and and CCONJ crl-24514 10 23 do do AUX crl-24514 10 24 not not PART crl-24514 10 25 produce produce VERB crl-24514 10 26 works work NOUN crl-24514 10 27 cited cite VERB crl-24514 10 28 or or CCONJ crl-24514 10 29 reference reference NOUN crl-24514 10 30 lists list NOUN crl-24514 10 31 . . PUNCT crl-24514 11 1 correspondingly correspondingly ADV crl-24514 11 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 11 3 an an DET crl-24514 11 4 association association NOUN crl-24514 11 5 of of ADP crl-24514 11 6 college college NOUN crl-24514 11 7 and and CCONJ crl-24514 11 8 research research NOUN crl-24514 11 9 libraries library NOUN crl-24514 11 10 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 11 11 acrl acrl ADV crl-24514 11 12 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 11 13 working work VERB crl-24514 11 14 group group NOUN crl-24514 11 15 mapped map VERB crl-24514 11 16 acrl acrl ADJ crl-24514 11 17 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 11 18 information information NOUN crl-24514 11 19 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 11 20 competency competency NOUN crl-24514 11 21 standards standard NOUN crl-24514 11 22 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 11 23 standards standard NOUN crl-24514 11 24 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 11 25 to to PART crl-24514 11 26 undergraduate undergraduate VERB crl-24514 11 27 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 11 28 education education NOUN crl-24514 11 29 in in ADP crl-24514 11 30 2011.6 2011.6 NUM crl-24514 11 31 this this DET crl-24514 11 32 piotr piotr ADJ crl-24514 11 33 s. s. PROPN crl-24514 11 34 bobkowski bobkowski PROPN crl-24514 11 35 is be AUX crl-24514 11 36 associate associate ADJ crl-24514 11 37 professor professor NOUN crl-24514 11 38 at at ADP crl-24514 11 39 the the DET crl-24514 11 40 university university PROPN crl-24514 11 41 of of ADP crl-24514 11 42 kansas kansas PROPN crl-24514 11 43 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 11 44 email email NOUN crl-24514 11 45 : : PUNCT crl-24514 11 46 bobkowski@ku.edu bobkowski@ku.edu PROPN crl-24514 11 47 . . PUNCT crl-24514 12 1 karna karna PROPN crl-24514 12 2 younger young ADJ crl-24514 12 3 is be AUX crl-24514 12 4 open open ADJ crl-24514 12 5 pedagogy pedagogy NOUN crl-24514 12 6 librarian librarian NOUN crl-24514 12 7 and and CCONJ crl-24514 12 8 assistant assistant ADJ crl-24514 12 9 librarian librarian NOUN crl-24514 12 10 at at ADP crl-24514 12 11 university university PROPN crl-24514 12 12 of of ADP crl-24514 12 13 kansas kansas PROPN crl-24514 12 14 libraries library NOUN crl-24514 12 15 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 12 16 email email NOUN crl-24514 12 17 : : PUNCT crl-24514 12 18 karna@ku.edu karna@ku.edu NOUN crl-24514 12 19 . . PUNCT crl-24514 13 1 © © ADJ crl-24514 13 2 2020 2020 NUM crl-24514 13 3 piotr piotr PROPN crl-24514 13 4 s. s. PROPN crl-24514 13 5 bobkowski bobkowski PROPN crl-24514 13 6 and and CCONJ crl-24514 13 7 karna karna PROPN crl-24514 13 8 younger young ADJ crl-24514 13 9 , , PUNCT crl-24514 13 10 attribution attribution NOUN crl-24514 13 11 - - PUNCT crl-24514 13 12 noncommercial noncommercial ADJ crl-24514 13 13 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 13 14 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ ADV crl-24514 13 15 by by ADP crl-24514 13 16 - - PUNCT crl-24514 13 17 nc/4.0/ nc/4.0/ SPACE crl-24514 13 18 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 13 19 cc cc VERB crl-24514 13 20 by by ADP crl-24514 13 21 - - PUNCT crl-24514 13 22 nc nc NOUN crl-24514 13 23 . . PUNCT crl-24514 14 1 mailto:bobkowski@ku.edu mailto:bobkowski@ku.edu PROPN crl-24514 14 2 mailto:karna@ku.edu mailto:karna@ku.edu PROPN crl-24514 15 1 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ NUM crl-24514 15 2 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ PROPN crl-24514 15 3 news news NOUN crl-24514 15 4 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 15 5 823 823 NUM crl-24514 15 6 document document NOUN crl-24514 15 7 includes include VERB crl-24514 15 8 the the DET crl-24514 15 9 learning learn VERB crl-24514 15 10 outcomes outcome NOUN crl-24514 15 11 that that SCONJ crl-24514 15 12 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 15 13 students student NOUN crl-24514 15 14 and and CCONJ crl-24514 15 15 professionals professional NOUN crl-24514 15 16 should should AUX crl-24514 15 17 achieve achieve VERB crl-24514 15 18 to to PART crl-24514 15 19 be be AUX crl-24514 15 20 able able ADJ crl-24514 15 21 to to PART crl-24514 15 22 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 15 23 the the DET crl-24514 15 24 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 15 25 of of ADP crl-24514 15 26 their their PRON crl-24514 15 27 sources source NOUN crl-24514 15 28 . . PUNCT crl-24514 16 1 there there PRON crl-24514 16 2 has have AUX crl-24514 16 3 been be AUX crl-24514 16 4 little little ADJ crl-24514 16 5 subsequent subsequent ADJ crl-24514 16 6 published publish VERB crl-24514 16 7 work work NOUN crl-24514 16 8 at at ADP crl-24514 16 9 the the DET crl-24514 16 10 intersection intersection NOUN crl-24514 16 11 of of ADP crl-24514 16 12 information information NOUN crl-24514 16 13 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 16 14 and and CCONJ crl-24514 16 15 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 16 16 education education NOUN crl-24514 16 17 , , PUNCT crl-24514 16 18 particularly particularly ADV crl-24514 16 19 since since SCONJ crl-24514 16 20 the the DET crl-24514 16 21 revision revision NOUN crl-24514 16 22 of of ADP crl-24514 16 23 acrl acrl ADJ crl-24514 16 24 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 16 25 standards standard NOUN crl-24514 16 26 to to ADP crl-24514 16 27 the the DET crl-24514 16 28 framework framework NOUN crl-24514 16 29 for for ADP crl-24514 16 30 information information NOUN crl-24514 16 31 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 16 32 for for ADP crl-24514 16 33 higher high ADJ crl-24514 16 34 education education NOUN crl-24514 16 35 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 16 36 framework).7 framework).7 PROPN crl-24514 16 37 likewise likewise ADV crl-24514 16 38 , , PUNCT crl-24514 16 39 there there PRON crl-24514 16 40 is be VERB crl-24514 16 41 , , PUNCT crl-24514 16 42 as as ADV crl-24514 16 43 yet yet ADV crl-24514 16 44 , , PUNCT crl-24514 16 45 no no DET crl-24514 16 46 published publish VERB crl-24514 16 47 framework framework NOUN crl-24514 16 48 - - PUNCT crl-24514 16 49 based base VERB crl-24514 16 50 source source NOUN crl-24514 16 51 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 16 52 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 16 53 that that PRON crl-24514 16 54 fits fit VERB crl-24514 16 55 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 16 56 education education NOUN crl-24514 16 57 . . PUNCT crl-24514 17 1 thus thus ADV crl-24514 17 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 17 3 despite despite SCONJ crl-24514 17 4 a a DET crl-24514 17 5 history history NOUN crl-24514 17 6 of of ADP crl-24514 17 7 discipline discipline NOUN crl-24514 17 8 - - PUNCT crl-24514 17 9 specific specific ADJ crl-24514 17 10 information information NOUN crl-24514 17 11 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 17 12 recommendations recommendation NOUN crl-24514 17 13 , , PUNCT crl-24514 17 14 collaborating collaborate VERB crl-24514 17 15 librarians librarian NOUN crl-24514 17 16 and and CCONJ crl-24514 17 17 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 17 18 instructors instructor NOUN crl-24514 17 19 do do AUX crl-24514 17 20 not not PART crl-24514 17 21 have have VERB crl-24514 17 22 standardized standardize VERB crl-24514 17 23 and and CCONJ crl-24514 17 24 reliable reliable ADJ crl-24514 17 25 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 17 26 tools tool NOUN crl-24514 17 27 , , PUNCT crl-24514 17 28 such such ADJ crl-24514 17 29 as as ADP crl-24514 17 30 rubrics rubric NOUN crl-24514 17 31 , , PUNCT crl-24514 17 32 for for ADP crl-24514 17 33 assessing assess VERB crl-24514 17 34 their their PRON crl-24514 17 35 students student NOUN crl-24514 17 36 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 17 37 source source NOUN crl-24514 17 38 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 17 39 under under ADP crl-24514 17 40 the the DET crl-24514 17 41 framework framework NOUN crl-24514 17 42 . . PUNCT crl-24514 18 1 in in ADP crl-24514 18 2 her her PRON crl-24514 18 3 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 18 4 of of ADP crl-24514 18 5 high high ADJ crl-24514 18 6 school school NOUN crl-24514 18 7 students student NOUN crl-24514 18 8 , , PUNCT crl-24514 18 9 for for ADP crl-24514 18 10 example example NOUN crl-24514 18 11 , , PUNCT crl-24514 18 12 sarah sarah PROPN crl-24514 18 13 mcgrew mcgrew PROPN crl-24514 18 14 cautioned caution VERB crl-24514 18 15 that that SCONJ crl-24514 18 16 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 18 17 checklists checklist NOUN crl-24514 18 18 mislead mislead VERB crl-24514 18 19 students student NOUN crl-24514 18 20 into into ADP crl-24514 18 21 using use VERB crl-24514 18 22 superficial superficial ADJ crl-24514 18 23 features feature NOUN crl-24514 18 24 of of ADP crl-24514 18 25 websites website NOUN crl-24514 18 26 , , PUNCT crl-24514 18 27 such such ADJ crl-24514 18 28 as as ADP crl-24514 18 29 spelling spelling NOUN crl-24514 18 30 and and CCONJ crl-24514 18 31 grammar grammar NOUN crl-24514 18 32 , , PUNCT crl-24514 18 33 to to PART crl-24514 18 34 judge judge VERB crl-24514 18 35 the the DET crl-24514 18 36 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 18 37 of of ADP crl-24514 18 38 information.8 information.8 PROPN crl-24514 18 39 mcgrew mcgrew NOUN crl-24514 18 40 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 18 41 related relate VERB crl-24514 18 42 rubric rubric NOUN crl-24514 18 43 , , PUNCT crl-24514 18 44 however however ADV crl-24514 18 45 , , PUNCT crl-24514 18 46 was be AUX crl-24514 18 47 not not PART crl-24514 18 48 based base VERB crl-24514 18 49 on on ADP crl-24514 18 50 the the DET crl-24514 18 51 framework.9 framework.9 PROPN crl-24514 18 52 the the DET crl-24514 18 53 need need NOUN crl-24514 18 54 to to PART crl-24514 18 55 fully fully ADV crl-24514 18 56 integrate integrate VERB crl-24514 18 57 information information NOUN crl-24514 18 58 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 18 59 into into ADP crl-24514 18 60 a a DET crl-24514 18 61 learner learner NOUN crl-24514 18 62 - - PUNCT crl-24514 18 63 centered center VERB crl-24514 18 64 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 18 65 course course NOUN crl-24514 18 66 motivated motivate VERB crl-24514 18 67 this this DET crl-24514 18 68 article article NOUN crl-24514 18 69 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 18 70 authors author NOUN crl-24514 18 71 to to PART crl-24514 18 72 develop develop VERB crl-24514 18 73 the the DET crl-24514 18 74 framework framework NOUN crl-24514 18 75 - - PUNCT crl-24514 18 76 based base VERB crl-24514 18 77 source source NOUN crl-24514 18 78 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 18 79 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 18 80 presented present VERB crl-24514 18 81 here here ADV crl-24514 18 82 . . PUNCT crl-24514 19 1 at at ADP crl-24514 19 2 the the DET crl-24514 19 3 university university PROPN crl-24514 19 4 of of ADP crl-24514 19 5 kansas kansas PROPN crl-24514 19 6 , , PUNCT crl-24514 19 7 the the DET crl-24514 19 8 ability ability NOUN crl-24514 19 9 to to PART crl-24514 19 10 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 19 11 and and CCONJ crl-24514 19 12 determine determine VERB crl-24514 19 13 source source NOUN crl-24514 19 14 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 19 15 is be AUX crl-24514 19 16 a a DET crl-24514 19 17 central central ADJ crl-24514 19 18 learning learning NOUN crl-24514 19 19 outcome outcome NOUN crl-24514 19 20 in in ADP crl-24514 19 21 a a DET crl-24514 19 22 one one NUM crl-24514 19 23 - - PUNCT crl-24514 19 24 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 19 25 course course NOUN crl-24514 19 26 titled title VERB crl-24514 19 27 infomania infomania PROPN crl-24514 19 28 : : PUNCT crl-24514 19 29 information information NOUN crl-24514 19 30 management management NOUN crl-24514 19 31 , , PUNCT crl-24514 19 32 which which PRON crl-24514 19 33 is be AUX crl-24514 19 34 required require VERB crl-24514 19 35 of of ADP crl-24514 19 36 all all DET crl-24514 19 37 students student NOUN crl-24514 19 38 majoring major VERB crl-24514 19 39 or or CCONJ crl-24514 19 40 minoring minoring NOUN crl-24514 19 41 in in ADP crl-24514 19 42 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 19 43 and and CCONJ crl-24514 19 44 mass mass ADJ crl-24514 19 45 communication communication NOUN crl-24514 19 46 . . PUNCT crl-24514 20 1 this this PRON crl-24514 20 2 is be AUX crl-24514 20 3 the the DET crl-24514 20 4 second second ADJ crl-24514 20 5 course course NOUN crl-24514 20 6 that that SCONJ crl-24514 20 7 students student NOUN crl-24514 20 8 take take VERB crl-24514 20 9 in in ADP crl-24514 20 10 the the DET crl-24514 20 11 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 20 12 sequence sequence NOUN crl-24514 20 13 , , PUNCT crl-24514 20 14 following follow VERB crl-24514 20 15 a a DET crl-24514 20 16 large large ADJ crl-24514 20 17 introductory introductory ADJ crl-24514 20 18 survey survey NOUN crl-24514 20 19 course course NOUN crl-24514 20 20 , , PUNCT crl-24514 20 21 and and CCONJ crl-24514 20 22 before before ADP crl-24514 20 23 or or CCONJ crl-24514 20 24 concurrently concurrently ADV crl-24514 20 25 to to ADP crl-24514 20 26 taking take VERB crl-24514 20 27 a a DET crl-24514 20 28 media medium NOUN crl-24514 20 29 writing writing NOUN crl-24514 20 30 course course NOUN crl-24514 20 31 . . PUNCT crl-24514 21 1 the the DET crl-24514 21 2 source source NOUN crl-24514 21 3 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 21 4 skills skill NOUN crl-24514 21 5 that that SCONJ crl-24514 21 6 students student NOUN crl-24514 21 7 are be AUX crl-24514 21 8 expected expect VERB crl-24514 21 9 to to PART crl-24514 21 10 develop develop VERB crl-24514 21 11 in in ADP crl-24514 21 12 this this DET crl-24514 21 13 course course NOUN crl-24514 21 14 are be AUX crl-24514 21 15 meant mean VERB crl-24514 21 16 to to PART crl-24514 21 17 prepare prepare VERB crl-24514 21 18 them they PRON crl-24514 21 19 to to PART crl-24514 21 20 identify identify VERB crl-24514 21 21 and and CCONJ crl-24514 21 22 use use VERB crl-24514 21 23 credible credible ADJ crl-24514 21 24 sources source NOUN crl-24514 21 25 accurately accurately ADV crl-24514 21 26 in in ADP crl-24514 21 27 their their PRON crl-24514 21 28 writing writing NOUN crl-24514 21 29 . . PUNCT crl-24514 22 1 the the DET crl-24514 22 2 course course NOUN crl-24514 22 3 has have AUX crl-24514 22 4 been be AUX crl-24514 22 5 delivered deliver VERB crl-24514 22 6 in in ADP crl-24514 22 7 30 30 NUM crl-24514 22 8 - - PUNCT crl-24514 22 9 student student NOUN crl-24514 22 10 sections section NOUN crl-24514 22 11 by by ADP crl-24514 22 12 four four NUM crl-24514 22 13 or or CCONJ crl-24514 22 14 five five NUM crl-24514 22 15 independent independent ADJ crl-24514 22 16 instructors instructor NOUN crl-24514 22 17 each each DET crl-24514 22 18 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 22 19 . . PUNCT crl-24514 23 1 most most ADJ crl-24514 23 2 instructors instructor NOUN crl-24514 23 3 collaborated collaborate VERB crl-24514 23 4 with with ADP crl-24514 23 5 the the DET crl-24514 23 6 university university NOUN crl-24514 23 7 ’s ’s NOUN crl-24514 23 8 librarians librarian NOUN crl-24514 23 9 to to PART crl-24514 23 10 deliver deliver VERB crl-24514 23 11 some some PRON crl-24514 23 12 of of ADP crl-24514 23 13 the the DET crl-24514 23 14 course course NOUN crl-24514 23 15 content content NOUN crl-24514 23 16 . . PUNCT crl-24514 24 1 prior prior ADV crl-24514 24 2 to to ADP crl-24514 24 3 2017 2017 NUM crl-24514 24 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 24 5 these these DET crl-24514 24 6 collaborations collaboration NOUN crl-24514 24 7 were be AUX crl-24514 24 8 limited limit VERB crl-24514 24 9 to to ADP crl-24514 24 10 standards standard NOUN crl-24514 24 11 - - PUNCT crl-24514 24 12 based base VERB crl-24514 24 13 one one NUM crl-24514 24 14 - - PUNCT crl-24514 24 15 shot shot NOUN crl-24514 24 16 instructional instructional ADJ crl-24514 24 17 sessions session NOUN crl-24514 24 18 focused focus VERB crl-24514 24 19 on on ADP crl-24514 24 20 using use VERB crl-24514 24 21 the the DET crl-24514 24 22 library library NOUN crl-24514 24 23 catalog catalog NOUN crl-24514 24 24 or or CCONJ crl-24514 24 25 specialized specialized ADJ crl-24514 24 26 databases database NOUN crl-24514 24 27 accessible accessible ADJ crl-24514 24 28 through through ADP crl-24514 24 29 the the DET crl-24514 24 30 library library NOUN crl-24514 24 31 website website NOUN crl-24514 24 32 . . PUNCT crl-24514 25 1 when when SCONJ crl-24514 25 2 conducting conduct VERB crl-24514 25 3 instructional instructional ADJ crl-24514 25 4 sessions session NOUN crl-24514 25 5 in in ADP crl-24514 25 6 subsequent subsequent ADJ crl-24514 25 7 courses course NOUN crl-24514 25 8 , , PUNCT crl-24514 25 9 however however ADV crl-24514 25 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 25 11 the the DET crl-24514 25 12 librarian librarian ADJ crl-24514 25 13 observed observe VERB crl-24514 25 14 inconsistencies inconsistency NOUN crl-24514 25 15 in in ADP crl-24514 25 16 students student NOUN crl-24514 25 17 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 25 18 abilities ability NOUN crl-24514 25 19 to to PART crl-24514 25 20 identify identify VERB crl-24514 25 21 indicators indicator NOUN crl-24514 25 22 of of ADP crl-24514 25 23 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 25 24 in in ADP crl-24514 25 25 information information NOUN crl-24514 25 26 sources source NOUN crl-24514 25 27 and and CCONJ crl-24514 25 28 to to PART crl-24514 25 29 argue argue VERB crl-24514 25 30 how how SCONJ crl-24514 25 31 these these DET crl-24514 25 32 indicators indicator NOUN crl-24514 25 33 contribute contribute VERB crl-24514 25 34 to to ADP crl-24514 25 35 or or CCONJ crl-24514 25 36 diminish diminish VERB crl-24514 25 37 the the DET crl-24514 25 38 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 25 39 of of ADP crl-24514 25 40 sources source NOUN crl-24514 25 41 . . PUNCT crl-24514 26 1 the the DET crl-24514 26 2 librarian librarian NOUN crl-24514 26 3 and and CCONJ crl-24514 26 4 the the DET crl-24514 26 5 lead lead ADJ crl-24514 26 6 instructor instructor NOUN crl-24514 26 7 of of ADP crl-24514 26 8 the the DET crl-24514 26 9 infomania infomania PROPN crl-24514 26 10 course course NOUN crl-24514 26 11 — — PUNCT crl-24514 26 12 this this DET crl-24514 26 13 article article NOUN crl-24514 26 14 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 26 15 authors author NOUN crl-24514 26 16 — — PUNCT crl-24514 26 17 thus thus ADV crl-24514 26 18 determined determine VERB crl-24514 26 19 to to PART crl-24514 26 20 integrate integrate VERB crl-24514 26 21 information information NOUN crl-24514 26 22 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 26 23 instruction instruction NOUN crl-24514 26 24 more more ADV crl-24514 26 25 uniformly uniformly ADV crl-24514 26 26 in in ADP crl-24514 26 27 the the DET crl-24514 26 28 infomania infomania PROPN crl-24514 26 29 course course NOUN crl-24514 26 30 . . PUNCT crl-24514 27 1 the the DET crl-24514 27 2 source source NOUN crl-24514 27 3 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 27 4 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 27 5 discussed discuss VERB crl-24514 27 6 here here ADV crl-24514 27 7 stands stand VERB crl-24514 27 8 at at ADP crl-24514 27 9 the the DET crl-24514 27 10 core core NOUN crl-24514 27 11 of of ADP crl-24514 27 12 the the DET crl-24514 27 13 resulting result VERB crl-24514 27 14 multisemester multisemester NOUN crl-24514 27 15 course course NOUN crl-24514 27 16 redesign redesign VERB crl-24514 27 17 . . PUNCT crl-24514 28 1 the the DET crl-24514 28 2 redesign redesign NOUN crl-24514 28 3 eventually eventually ADV crl-24514 28 4 encompassed encompass VERB crl-24514 28 5 the the DET crl-24514 28 6 development development NOUN crl-24514 28 7 of of ADP crl-24514 28 8 an an DET crl-24514 28 9 oer oer NOUN crl-24514 28 10 textbook textbook NOUN crl-24514 28 11 , , PUNCT crl-24514 28 12 common common ADJ crl-24514 28 13 assignments assignment NOUN crl-24514 28 14 across across ADP crl-24514 28 15 all all DET crl-24514 28 16 sections section NOUN crl-24514 28 17 , , PUNCT crl-24514 28 18 and and CCONJ crl-24514 28 19 a a DET crl-24514 28 20 shift shift NOUN crl-24514 28 21 in in ADP crl-24514 28 22 how how SCONJ crl-24514 28 23 the the DET crl-24514 28 24 course course NOUN crl-24514 28 25 and and CCONJ crl-24514 28 26 information information NOUN crl-24514 28 27 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 28 28 instruction instruction NOUN crl-24514 28 29 are be AUX crl-24514 28 30 delivered deliver VERB crl-24514 28 31 . . PUNCT crl-24514 29 1 this this DET crl-24514 29 2 article article NOUN crl-24514 29 3 discusses discuss VERB crl-24514 29 4 the the DET crl-24514 29 5 process process NOUN crl-24514 29 6 used use VERB crl-24514 29 7 to to PART crl-24514 29 8 develop develop VERB crl-24514 29 9 the the DET crl-24514 29 10 source source NOUN crl-24514 29 11 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 29 12 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 29 13 , , PUNCT crl-24514 29 14 as as ADV crl-24514 29 15 well well ADV crl-24514 29 16 as as ADP crl-24514 29 17 the the DET crl-24514 29 18 initial initial ADJ crl-24514 29 19 results result NOUN crl-24514 29 20 generated generate VERB crl-24514 29 21 from from ADP crl-24514 29 22 its its PRON crl-24514 29 23 implementation implementation NOUN crl-24514 29 24 . . PUNCT crl-24514 30 1 the the DET crl-24514 30 2 article article NOUN crl-24514 30 3 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 30 4 literature literature NOUN crl-24514 30 5 review review NOUN crl-24514 30 6 and and CCONJ crl-24514 30 7 research research NOUN crl-24514 30 8 framework framework NOUN crl-24514 30 9 sections section NOUN crl-24514 30 10 discuss discuss VERB crl-24514 30 11 research research NOUN crl-24514 30 12 that that PRON crl-24514 30 13 predicated predicate VERB crl-24514 30 14 the the DET crl-24514 30 15 development development NOUN crl-24514 30 16 of of ADP crl-24514 30 17 the the DET crl-24514 30 18 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 30 19 and and CCONJ crl-24514 30 20 present present VERB crl-24514 30 21 the the DET crl-24514 30 22 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 30 23 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 30 24 conceptual conceptual ADJ crl-24514 30 25 framework framework NOUN crl-24514 30 26 . . PUNCT crl-24514 31 1 in in ADP crl-24514 31 2 short short ADJ crl-24514 31 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 31 4 the the DET crl-24514 31 5 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 31 6 concepts concept NOUN crl-24514 31 7 perspective perspective NOUN crl-24514 31 8 shaped shape VERB crl-24514 31 9 the the DET crl-24514 31 10 authors author NOUN crl-24514 31 11 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 31 12 understanding understanding NOUN crl-24514 31 13 of of ADP crl-24514 31 14 the the DET crl-24514 31 15 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 31 16 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 31 17 role role NOUN crl-24514 31 18 , , PUNCT crl-24514 31 19 and and CCONJ crl-24514 31 20 acrl acrl ADJ crl-24514 31 21 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 31 22 information information NOUN crl-24514 31 23 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 31 24 frame frame NOUN crl-24514 31 25 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 31 26 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 31 27 is be AUX crl-24514 31 28 constructed construct VERB crl-24514 31 29 and and CCONJ crl-24514 31 30 contextual contextual ADJ crl-24514 31 31 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 31 32 best well ADV crl-24514 31 33 described describe VERB crl-24514 31 34 the the DET crl-24514 31 35 source source NOUN crl-24514 31 36 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 31 37 skills skill NOUN crl-24514 31 38 and and CCONJ crl-24514 31 39 thinking thinking NOUN crl-24514 31 40 to to PART crl-24514 31 41 be be AUX crl-24514 31 42 assessed.10 assessed.10 ADV crl-24514 31 43 aligning align VERB crl-24514 31 44 this this DET crl-24514 31 45 frame frame NOUN crl-24514 31 46 with with ADP crl-24514 31 47 the the DET crl-24514 31 48 journalistic journalistic ADJ crl-24514 31 49 concept concept NOUN crl-24514 31 50 of of ADP crl-24514 31 51 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 31 52 , , PUNCT crl-24514 31 53 two two NUM crl-24514 31 54 learning learn VERB crl-24514 31 55 outcomes outcome NOUN crl-24514 31 56 were be AUX crl-24514 31 57 developed develop VERB crl-24514 31 58 : : PUNCT crl-24514 31 59 1 1 X crl-24514 31 60 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 31 61 students student NOUN crl-24514 31 62 can can AUX crl-24514 31 63 identify identify VERB crl-24514 31 64 indicators indicator NOUN crl-24514 31 65 of of ADP crl-24514 31 66 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 31 67 in in ADP crl-24514 31 68 an an DET crl-24514 31 69 information information NOUN crl-24514 31 70 source source NOUN crl-24514 31 71 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 31 72 and and CCONJ crl-24514 31 73 2 2 X crl-24514 31 74 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 31 75 students student NOUN crl-24514 31 76 can can AUX crl-24514 31 77 argue argue VERB crl-24514 31 78 how how SCONJ crl-24514 31 79 these these DET crl-24514 31 80 indicators indicator NOUN crl-24514 31 81 contribute contribute VERB crl-24514 31 82 to to ADP crl-24514 31 83 or or CCONJ crl-24514 31 84 diminish diminish VERB crl-24514 31 85 the the DET crl-24514 31 86 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 31 87 of of ADP crl-24514 31 88 the the DET crl-24514 31 89 source source NOUN crl-24514 31 90 . . PUNCT crl-24514 32 1 research research NOUN crl-24514 32 2 questions question NOUN crl-24514 32 3 articulated articulate VERB crl-24514 32 4 at at ADP crl-24514 32 5 the the DET crl-24514 32 6 conclusion conclusion NOUN crl-24514 32 7 of of ADP crl-24514 32 8 the the DET crl-24514 32 9 research research NOUN crl-24514 32 10 framework framework NOUN crl-24514 32 11 section section NOUN crl-24514 32 12 guided guide VERB crl-24514 32 13 the the DET crl-24514 32 14 deploy824 deploy824 PROPN crl-24514 32 15 college college PROPN crl-24514 32 16 & & CCONJ crl-24514 32 17 research research PROPN crl-24514 32 18 libraries library NOUN crl-24514 32 19 july july PROPN crl-24514 32 20 2020 2020 NUM crl-24514 32 21 ment ment NOUN crl-24514 32 22 of of ADP crl-24514 32 23 the the DET crl-24514 32 24 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 32 25 as as ADP crl-24514 32 26 a a DET crl-24514 32 27 formative formative ADJ crl-24514 32 28 and and CCONJ crl-24514 32 29 summative summative ADJ crl-24514 32 30 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 32 31 tool11 tool11 NOUN crl-24514 32 32 and and CCONJ crl-24514 32 33 the the DET crl-24514 32 34 analysis analysis NOUN crl-24514 32 35 of of ADP crl-24514 32 36 the the DET crl-24514 32 37 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 32 38 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 32 39 scores score NOUN crl-24514 32 40 . . PUNCT crl-24514 33 1 the the DET crl-24514 33 2 methods method NOUN crl-24514 33 3 section section NOUN crl-24514 33 4 details detail NOUN crl-24514 33 5 how how SCONJ crl-24514 33 6 the the DET crl-24514 33 7 article article NOUN crl-24514 33 8 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 33 9 authors author NOUN crl-24514 33 10 adapted adapt VERB crl-24514 33 11 erin erin NOUN crl-24514 33 12 daniels daniel NOUN crl-24514 33 13 ’ ' PUNCT crl-24514 33 14 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 33 15 and and CCONJ crl-24514 33 16 rubric12 rubric12 NOUN crl-24514 33 17 to to ADP crl-24514 33 18 the the DET crl-24514 33 19 parameters parameter NOUN crl-24514 33 20 and and CCONJ crl-24514 33 21 needs need NOUN crl-24514 33 22 of of ADP crl-24514 33 23 the the DET crl-24514 33 24 infomania infomania PROPN crl-24514 33 25 course course NOUN crl-24514 33 26 , , PUNCT crl-24514 33 27 as as ADV crl-24514 33 28 well well ADV crl-24514 33 29 as as ADP crl-24514 33 30 the the DET crl-24514 33 31 first first ADJ crl-24514 33 32 instance instance NOUN crl-24514 33 33 they they PRON crl-24514 33 34 used use VERB crl-24514 33 35 it it PRON crl-24514 33 36 to to PART crl-24514 33 37 measure measure VERB crl-24514 33 38 students student NOUN crl-24514 33 39 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 33 40 source source NOUN crl-24514 33 41 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 33 42 . . PUNCT crl-24514 34 1 the the DET crl-24514 34 2 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 34 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 34 4 which which PRON crl-24514 34 5 asks ask VERB crl-24514 34 6 students student NOUN crl-24514 34 7 to to PART crl-24514 34 8 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 34 9 a a DET crl-24514 34 10 news news NOUN crl-24514 34 11 source source NOUN crl-24514 34 12 as as SCONJ crl-24514 34 13 they they PRON crl-24514 34 14 will will AUX crl-24514 34 15 in in ADP crl-24514 34 16 future future ADJ crl-24514 34 17 professional professional ADJ crl-24514 34 18 settings,13 settings,13 NOUN crl-24514 34 19 generates generate VERB crl-24514 34 20 scores score NOUN crl-24514 34 21 on on ADP crl-24514 34 22 two two NUM crl-24514 34 23 dimensions dimension NOUN crl-24514 34 24 , , PUNCT crl-24514 34 25 which which PRON crl-24514 34 26 align align VERB crl-24514 34 27 with with ADP crl-24514 34 28 the the DET crl-24514 34 29 two two NUM crl-24514 34 30 learning learn VERB crl-24514 34 31 outcomes outcome NOUN crl-24514 34 32 . . PUNCT crl-24514 35 1 the the DET crl-24514 35 2 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 35 3 evaluates evaluate VERB crl-24514 35 4 students student NOUN crl-24514 35 5 on on ADP crl-24514 35 6 their their PRON crl-24514 35 7 ability ability NOUN crl-24514 35 8 to to PART crl-24514 35 9 justify justify VERB crl-24514 35 10 their their PRON crl-24514 35 11 source source NOUN crl-24514 35 12 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 35 13 and and CCONJ crl-24514 35 14 prioritizes prioritize NOUN crl-24514 35 15 reasoning reasoning NOUN crl-24514 35 16 over over ADP crl-24514 35 17 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 35 18 correctness correctness NOUN crl-24514 35 19 , , PUNCT crl-24514 35 20 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 35 21 allowing allow VERB crl-24514 35 22 instructors instructor NOUN crl-24514 35 23 to to PART crl-24514 35 24 rate rate VERB crl-24514 35 25 the the DET crl-24514 35 26 degree degree NOUN crl-24514 35 27 of of ADP crl-24514 35 28 student student NOUN crl-24514 35 29 understanding understanding NOUN crl-24514 35 30 of of ADP crl-24514 35 31 credibility.14 credibility.14 NOUN crl-24514 35 32 the the DET crl-24514 35 33 article article NOUN crl-24514 35 34 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 35 35 results result NOUN crl-24514 35 36 section section NOUN crl-24514 35 37 presents present VERB crl-24514 35 38 the the DET crl-24514 35 39 findings finding NOUN crl-24514 35 40 of of ADP crl-24514 35 41 the the DET crl-24514 35 42 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 35 43 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 35 44 initial initial ADJ crl-24514 35 45 deployment deployment NOUN crl-24514 35 46 . . PUNCT crl-24514 36 1 as as ADP crl-24514 36 2 formative formative ADJ crl-24514 36 3 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 36 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 36 5 the the DET crl-24514 36 6 results result NOUN crl-24514 36 7 quantify quantify VERB crl-24514 36 8 the the DET crl-24514 36 9 characteristics characteristic NOUN crl-24514 36 10 of of ADP crl-24514 36 11 students student NOUN crl-24514 36 12 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 36 13 source source NOUN crl-24514 36 14 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 36 15 at at ADP crl-24514 36 16 the the DET crl-24514 36 17 beginning beginning NOUN crl-24514 36 18 of of ADP crl-24514 36 19 the the DET crl-24514 36 20 information information NOUN crl-24514 36 21 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 36 22 course course NOUN crl-24514 36 23 . . PUNCT crl-24514 37 1 as as ADP crl-24514 37 2 summative summative ADJ crl-24514 37 3 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 37 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 37 5 endof endof ADJ crl-24514 37 6 - - PUNCT crl-24514 37 7 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 37 8 results result NOUN crl-24514 37 9 show show VERB crl-24514 37 10 both both DET crl-24514 37 11 students student NOUN crl-24514 37 12 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 37 13 progress progress NOUN crl-24514 37 14 and and CCONJ crl-24514 37 15 lack lack NOUN crl-24514 37 16 of of ADP crl-24514 37 17 progress progress NOUN crl-24514 37 18 over over ADP crl-24514 37 19 the the DET crl-24514 37 20 duration duration NOUN crl-24514 37 21 of of ADP crl-24514 37 22 the the DET crl-24514 37 23 course course NOUN crl-24514 37 24 and and CCONJ crl-24514 37 25 thus thus ADV crl-24514 37 26 quantify quantify VERB crl-24514 37 27 the the DET crl-24514 37 28 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN crl-24514 37 29 of of ADP crl-24514 37 30 source source NOUN crl-24514 37 31 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 37 32 instruction instruction NOUN crl-24514 37 33 in in ADP crl-24514 37 34 the the DET crl-24514 37 35 course course NOUN crl-24514 37 36 . . PUNCT crl-24514 38 1 in in ADP crl-24514 38 2 the the DET crl-24514 38 3 article article NOUN crl-24514 38 4 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 38 5 discussion discussion NOUN crl-24514 38 6 , , PUNCT crl-24514 38 7 the the DET crl-24514 38 8 authors author NOUN crl-24514 38 9 reflect reflect VERB crl-24514 38 10 on on ADP crl-24514 38 11 these these DET crl-24514 38 12 results result NOUN crl-24514 38 13 and and CCONJ crl-24514 38 14 report report VERB crl-24514 38 15 how how SCONJ crl-24514 38 16 they they PRON crl-24514 38 17 informed inform VERB crl-24514 38 18 modifications modification NOUN crl-24514 38 19 to to ADP crl-24514 38 20 information information NOUN crl-24514 38 21 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 38 22 instruction instruction NOUN crl-24514 38 23 in in ADP crl-24514 38 24 the the DET crl-24514 38 25 course course NOUN crl-24514 38 26 . . PUNCT crl-24514 39 1 despite despite SCONJ crl-24514 39 2 its its PRON crl-24514 39 3 initial initial ADJ crl-24514 39 4 application application NOUN crl-24514 39 5 in in ADP crl-24514 39 6 a a DET crl-24514 39 7 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 39 8 course course NOUN crl-24514 39 9 , , PUNCT crl-24514 39 10 this this DET crl-24514 39 11 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 39 12 can can AUX crl-24514 39 13 be be AUX crl-24514 39 14 adapted adapt VERB crl-24514 39 15 across across ADP crl-24514 39 16 the the DET crl-24514 39 17 disciplines discipline NOUN crl-24514 39 18 to to PART crl-24514 39 19 measure measure VERB crl-24514 39 20 and and CCONJ crl-24514 39 21 track track NOUN crl-24514 39 22 students student NOUN crl-24514 39 23 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 39 24 source source NOUN crl-24514 39 25 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 39 26 efficacy efficacy NOUN crl-24514 39 27 . . PUNCT crl-24514 40 1 literature literature NOUN crl-24514 40 2 review review VERB crl-24514 40 3 the the DET crl-24514 40 4 path path NOUN crl-24514 40 5 toward toward ADP crl-24514 40 6 developing develop VERB crl-24514 40 7 a a DET crl-24514 40 8 source source NOUN crl-24514 40 9 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 40 10 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 40 11 began begin VERB crl-24514 40 12 with with ADP crl-24514 40 13 a a DET crl-24514 40 14 review review NOUN crl-24514 40 15 of of ADP crl-24514 40 16 published publish VERB crl-24514 40 17 research research NOUN crl-24514 40 18 on on ADP crl-24514 40 19 college college NOUN crl-24514 40 20 students student NOUN crl-24514 40 21 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 40 22 source source NOUN crl-24514 40 23 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 40 24 skills skill NOUN crl-24514 40 25 . . PUNCT crl-24514 41 1 university university NOUN crl-24514 41 2 and and CCONJ crl-24514 41 3 college college NOUN crl-24514 41 4 students student NOUN crl-24514 41 5 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 41 6 shortcomings shortcoming NOUN crl-24514 41 7 in in ADP crl-24514 41 8 evaluating evaluate VERB crl-24514 41 9 the the DET crl-24514 41 10 information information NOUN crl-24514 41 11 they they PRON crl-24514 41 12 encounter encounter VERB crl-24514 41 13 are be AUX crl-24514 41 14 well well ADV crl-24514 41 15 documented document VERB crl-24514 41 16 . . PUNCT crl-24514 42 1 alison alison PROPN crl-24514 42 2 head head PROPN crl-24514 42 3 and and CCONJ crl-24514 42 4 michael michael PROPN crl-24514 42 5 eisenberg eisenberg PROPN crl-24514 42 6 of of ADP crl-24514 42 7 project project NOUN crl-24514 42 8 information information NOUN crl-24514 42 9 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 42 10 found find VERB crl-24514 42 11 that that SCONJ crl-24514 42 12 students student NOUN crl-24514 42 13 struggle struggle VERB crl-24514 42 14 to to PART crl-24514 42 15 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 42 16 the the DET crl-24514 42 17 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 42 18 of of ADP crl-24514 42 19 information information NOUN crl-24514 42 20 , , PUNCT crl-24514 42 21 which which PRON crl-24514 42 22 they they PRON crl-24514 42 23 typically typically ADV crl-24514 42 24 find find VERB crl-24514 42 25 using use VERB crl-24514 42 26 strategies strategy NOUN crl-24514 42 27 seemingly seemingly ADV crl-24514 42 28 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 42 29 learned learn VERB crl-24514 42 30 by by ADP crl-24514 42 31 rote rote NOUN crl-24514 42 32 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 42 33 instead instead ADV crl-24514 42 34 of of ADP crl-24514 42 35 through through ADP crl-24514 42 36 innovation innovation NOUN crl-24514 42 37 , , PUNCT crl-24514 42 38 experimentation experimentation NOUN crl-24514 42 39 , , PUNCT crl-24514 42 40 and and CCONJ crl-24514 42 41 developmental developmental ADJ crl-24514 42 42 approaches approach NOUN crl-24514 42 43 to to ADP crl-24514 42 44 seeking seek VERB crl-24514 42 45 and and CCONJ crl-24514 42 46 evaluating evaluate VERB crl-24514 42 47 information.15 information.15 PROPN crl-24514 42 48 subsequent subsequent ADJ crl-24514 42 49 studies study NOUN crl-24514 42 50 have have AUX crl-24514 42 51 shown show VERB crl-24514 42 52 that that SCONJ crl-24514 42 53 college college NOUN crl-24514 42 54 students student NOUN crl-24514 42 55 acknowledge acknowledge VERB crl-24514 42 56 the the DET crl-24514 42 57 need need NOUN crl-24514 42 58 to to PART crl-24514 42 59 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 42 60 the the DET crl-24514 42 61 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 42 62 of of ADP crl-24514 42 63 the the DET crl-24514 42 64 sources source NOUN crl-24514 42 65 they they PRON crl-24514 42 66 use,16 use,16 PROPN crl-24514 43 1 but but CCONJ crl-24514 43 2 a a DET crl-24514 43 3 majority majority NOUN crl-24514 43 4 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 43 5 sources source NOUN crl-24514 43 6 against against ADP crl-24514 43 7 memorized memorized ADJ crl-24514 43 8 norms norm NOUN crl-24514 43 9 like like ADP crl-24514 43 10 timeliness timeliness NOUN crl-24514 43 11 , , PUNCT crl-24514 43 12 author author NOUN crl-24514 43 13 expertise expertise NOUN crl-24514 43 14 , , PUNCT crl-24514 43 15 and and CCONJ crl-24514 43 16 a a DET crl-24514 43 17 website website NOUN crl-24514 43 18 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 43 19 top top ADJ crl-24514 43 20 - - PUNCT crl-24514 43 21 level level NOUN crl-24514 43 22 domain domain NOUN crl-24514 43 23 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 43 24 such such ADJ crl-24514 43 25 as as ADP crl-24514 43 26 .org .org ADJ crl-24514 43 27 , , PUNCT crl-24514 43 28 .gov .gov ADP crl-24514 43 29 , , PUNCT crl-24514 43 30 .com .com X crl-24514 43 31 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 43 32 or or CCONJ crl-24514 43 33 rely rely VERB crl-24514 43 34 on on ADP crl-24514 43 35 the the DET crl-24514 43 36 advice advice NOUN crl-24514 43 37 of of ADP crl-24514 43 38 instructors instructor NOUN crl-24514 43 39 or or CCONJ crl-24514 43 40 friends friend NOUN crl-24514 43 41 with with ADP crl-24514 43 42 trusted trust VERB crl-24514 43 43 expertise.17 expertise.17 ADJ crl-24514 43 44 students student NOUN crl-24514 43 45 generally generally ADV crl-24514 43 46 do do AUX crl-24514 43 47 not not PART crl-24514 43 48 navigate navigate VERB crl-24514 43 49 the the DET crl-24514 43 50 internet internet NOUN crl-24514 43 51 effectively effectively ADV crl-24514 43 52 or or CCONJ crl-24514 43 53 efficiently efficiently ADV crl-24514 43 54 to to PART crl-24514 43 55 assess assess VERB crl-24514 43 56 information information NOUN crl-24514 43 57 credibility18 credibility18 NOUN crl-24514 43 58 and and CCONJ crl-24514 43 59 are be AUX crl-24514 43 60 unable unable ADJ crl-24514 43 61 to to PART crl-24514 43 62 determine determine VERB crl-24514 43 63 the the DET crl-24514 43 64 authorship authorship NOUN crl-24514 43 65 of of ADP crl-24514 43 66 digital digital ADJ crl-24514 43 67 sources source NOUN crl-24514 43 68 , , PUNCT crl-24514 43 69 assess assess VERB crl-24514 43 70 the the DET crl-24514 43 71 expertise expertise NOUN crl-24514 43 72 of of ADP crl-24514 43 73 authors author NOUN crl-24514 43 74 , , PUNCT crl-24514 43 75 and and CCONJ crl-24514 43 76 establish establish VERB crl-24514 43 77 the the DET crl-24514 43 78 objectivity objectivity NOUN crl-24514 43 79 of of ADP crl-24514 43 80 information.19 information.19 NOUN crl-24514 43 81 students student NOUN crl-24514 43 82 also also ADV crl-24514 43 83 admit admit VERB crl-24514 43 84 to to ADP crl-24514 43 85 relying rely VERB crl-24514 43 86 on on ADP crl-24514 43 87 superficial superficial ADJ crl-24514 43 88 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 43 89 cues cue VERB crl-24514 43 90 such such ADJ crl-24514 43 91 as as ADP crl-24514 43 92 the the DET crl-24514 43 93 graphic graphic ADJ crl-24514 43 94 design design NOUN crl-24514 43 95 of of ADP crl-24514 43 96 a a DET crl-24514 43 97 digital digital ADJ crl-24514 43 98 source source NOUN crl-24514 43 99 , , PUNCT crl-24514 43 100 their their PRON crl-24514 43 101 familiarity familiarity NOUN crl-24514 43 102 with with ADP crl-24514 43 103 the the DET crl-24514 43 104 source source NOUN crl-24514 43 105 , , PUNCT crl-24514 43 106 or or CCONJ crl-24514 43 107 its its PRON crl-24514 43 108 inclusion inclusion NOUN crl-24514 43 109 in in ADP crl-24514 43 110 a a DET crl-24514 43 111 research research NOUN crl-24514 43 112 database.20 database.20 NOUN crl-24514 43 113 to to PART crl-24514 43 114 complicate complicate VERB crl-24514 43 115 matters matter NOUN crl-24514 43 116 further far ADV crl-24514 43 117 , , PUNCT crl-24514 43 118 the the DET crl-24514 43 119 existence existence NOUN crl-24514 43 120 of of ADP crl-24514 43 121 fake fake ADJ crl-24514 43 122 news news NOUN crl-24514 43 123 and and CCONJ crl-24514 43 124 the the DET crl-24514 43 125 speed speed NOUN crl-24514 43 126 of of ADP crl-24514 43 127 the the DET crl-24514 43 128 news news NOUN crl-24514 43 129 cycle cycle NOUN crl-24514 43 130 have have AUX crl-24514 43 131 negatively negatively ADV crl-24514 43 132 affected affect VERB crl-24514 43 133 students student NOUN crl-24514 43 134 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 43 135 ability ability NOUN crl-24514 43 136 to to PART crl-24514 43 137 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 43 138 news news NOUN crl-24514 43 139 credibility.21 credibility.21 NOUN crl-24514 43 140 although although SCONJ crl-24514 43 141 students student NOUN crl-24514 43 142 tend tend VERB crl-24514 43 143 to to PART crl-24514 43 144 be be AUX crl-24514 43 145 satisfied satisfied ADJ crl-24514 43 146 with with ADP crl-24514 43 147 their their PRON crl-24514 43 148 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 43 149 skills,22 skills,22 NOUN crl-24514 43 150 in in ADP crl-24514 43 151 practice practice NOUN crl-24514 43 152 , , PUNCT crl-24514 43 153 many many ADJ crl-24514 43 154 foreclose foreclose VERB crl-24514 43 155 the the DET crl-24514 43 156 source source NOUN crl-24514 43 157 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 43 158 process process NOUN crl-24514 43 159 in in ADP crl-24514 43 160 favor favor NOUN crl-24514 43 161 of of ADP crl-24514 43 162 easily easily ADV crl-24514 43 163 available available ADJ crl-24514 43 164 information.23 information.23 NOUN crl-24514 43 165 while while SCONJ crl-24514 43 166 information information NOUN crl-24514 43 167 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 43 168 research research NOUN crl-24514 43 169 studies study NOUN crl-24514 43 170 are be AUX crl-24514 43 171 calibrated calibrate VERB crl-24514 43 172 to to PART crl-24514 43 173 detect detect VERB crl-24514 43 174 deficiencies deficiency NOUN crl-24514 43 175 in in ADP crl-24514 43 176 students student NOUN crl-24514 43 177 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 43 178 source source NOUN crl-24514 43 179 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 43 180 , , PUNCT crl-24514 43 181 these these DET crl-24514 43 182 deficiencies deficiency NOUN crl-24514 43 183 can can AUX crl-24514 43 184 be be AUX crl-24514 43 185 obscured obscure VERB crl-24514 43 186 from from ADP crl-24514 43 187 disciplinary disciplinary ADJ crl-24514 43 188 instructors instructor NOUN crl-24514 43 189 because because SCONJ crl-24514 43 190 , , PUNCT crl-24514 43 191 ostensibly ostensibly ADV crl-24514 43 192 , , PUNCT crl-24514 43 193 students student NOUN crl-24514 43 194 know know VERB crl-24514 43 195 the the DET crl-24514 43 196 language language NOUN crl-24514 43 197 of of ADP crl-24514 43 198 source source NOUN crl-24514 43 199 evaluation.24 evaluation.24 VERB crl-24514 43 200 the the DET crl-24514 43 201 following follow VERB crl-24514 43 202 quote quote INTJ crl-24514 43 203 from from ADP crl-24514 43 204 one one NUM crl-24514 43 205 infomania infomania PROPN crl-24514 43 206 student student NOUN crl-24514 43 207 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 43 208 source source NOUN crl-24514 43 209 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 43 210 illustrates illustrate VERB crl-24514 43 211 that that SCONJ crl-24514 43 212 , , PUNCT crl-24514 43 213 while while SCONJ crl-24514 43 214 a a DET crl-24514 43 215 student student NOUN crl-24514 43 216 may may AUX crl-24514 43 217 know know VERB crl-24514 43 218 to to PART crl-24514 43 219 focus focus VERB crl-24514 43 220 on on ADP crl-24514 43 221 the the DET crl-24514 43 222 author author NOUN crl-24514 43 223 of of ADP crl-24514 43 224 an an DET crl-24514 43 225 information information NOUN crl-24514 43 226 source source NOUN crl-24514 43 227 and and CCONJ crl-24514 43 228 to to PART crl-24514 43 229 seek seek VERB crl-24514 43 230 evidence evidence NOUN crl-24514 43 231 outside outside ADP crl-24514 43 232 the the DET crl-24514 43 233 source source NOUN crl-24514 43 234 in in ADP crl-24514 43 235 news news NOUN crl-24514 43 236 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 43 237 825 825 NUM crl-24514 43 238 question question NOUN crl-24514 43 239 to to PART crl-24514 43 240 determine determine VERB crl-24514 43 241 the the DET crl-24514 43 242 author author NOUN crl-24514 43 243 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 43 244 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 43 245 , , PUNCT crl-24514 43 246 the the DET crl-24514 43 247 student student NOUN crl-24514 43 248 may may AUX crl-24514 43 249 lack lack VERB crl-24514 43 250 the the DET crl-24514 43 251 context context NOUN crl-24514 43 252 and and CCONJ crl-24514 43 253 reasoning reasoning NOUN crl-24514 43 254 skills skill NOUN crl-24514 43 255 to to PART crl-24514 43 256 fully fully ADV crl-24514 43 257 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 43 258 this this DET crl-24514 43 259 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 43 260 . . PUNCT crl-24514 44 1 this this DET crl-24514 44 2 student student NOUN crl-24514 44 3 wrote write VERB crl-24514 44 4 : : PUNCT crl-24514 44 5 my my PRON crl-24514 44 6 conclusion conclusion NOUN crl-24514 44 7 about about ADP crl-24514 44 8 the the DET crl-24514 44 9 article article NOUN crl-24514 44 10 is be AUX crl-24514 44 11 that that SCONJ crl-24514 44 12 it it PRON crl-24514 44 13 is be AUX crl-24514 44 14 not not PART crl-24514 44 15 credible credible ADJ crl-24514 44 16 because because SCONJ crl-24514 44 17 the the DET crl-24514 44 18 author author NOUN crl-24514 44 19 is be AUX crl-24514 44 20 not not PART crl-24514 44 21 credible credible ADJ crl-24514 44 22 . . PUNCT crl-24514 45 1 she she PRON crl-24514 45 2 made make VERB crl-24514 45 3 valid valid ADJ crl-24514 45 4 points point NOUN crl-24514 45 5 [ [ X crl-24514 45 6 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 45 7 ] ] X crl-24514 45 8 however however ADV crl-24514 45 9 , , PUNCT crl-24514 45 10 she she PRON crl-24514 45 11 is be AUX crl-24514 45 12 not not PART crl-24514 45 13 a a DET crl-24514 45 14 journalist journalist NOUN crl-24514 45 15 . . PUNCT crl-24514 46 1 she she PRON crl-24514 46 2 has have VERB crl-24514 46 3 a a DET crl-24514 46 4 background background NOUN crl-24514 46 5 in in ADP crl-24514 46 6 technology technology NOUN crl-24514 46 7 and and CCONJ crl-24514 46 8 not not PART crl-24514 46 9 in in ADP crl-24514 46 10 writing writing NOUN crl-24514 46 11 . . PUNCT crl-24514 47 1 i i PRON crl-24514 47 2 looked look VERB crl-24514 47 3 her she PRON crl-24514 47 4 up up ADP crl-24514 47 5 online online ADV crl-24514 47 6 and and CCONJ crl-24514 47 7 she she PRON crl-24514 47 8 did do AUX crl-24514 47 9 not not PART crl-24514 47 10 seem seem VERB crl-24514 47 11 like like ADP crl-24514 47 12 a a DET crl-24514 47 13 credible credible ADJ crl-24514 47 14 source source NOUN crl-24514 47 15 . . PUNCT crl-24514 48 1 she she PRON crl-24514 48 2 has have AUX crl-24514 48 3 done do VERB crl-24514 48 4 research research NOUN crl-24514 48 5 for for ADP crl-24514 48 6 three three NUM crl-24514 48 7 months month NOUN crl-24514 48 8 [ [ X crl-24514 48 9 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 48 10 ] ] X crl-24514 48 11 therefore therefore ADV crl-24514 48 12 [ [ X crl-24514 48 13 , , PUNCT crl-24514 48 14 ] ] PUNCT crl-24514 48 15 she she PRON crl-24514 48 16 is be AUX crl-24514 48 17 not not PART crl-24514 48 18 an an DET crl-24514 48 19 expert expert NOUN crl-24514 48 20 in in ADP crl-24514 48 21 this this DET crl-24514 48 22 area area NOUN crl-24514 48 23 . . PUNCT crl-24514 49 1 an an DET crl-24514 49 2 instructor instructor NOUN crl-24514 49 3 may may AUX crl-24514 49 4 score score VERB crl-24514 49 5 this this DET crl-24514 49 6 student student NOUN crl-24514 49 7 well well ADV crl-24514 49 8 on on ADP crl-24514 49 9 a a DET crl-24514 49 10 source source NOUN crl-24514 49 11 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 49 12 because because SCONJ crl-24514 49 13 this this DET crl-24514 49 14 student student NOUN crl-24514 49 15 appears appear VERB crl-24514 49 16 to to PART crl-24514 49 17 know know VERB crl-24514 49 18 some some DET crl-24514 49 19 source source NOUN crl-24514 49 20 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 49 21 criteria criterion NOUN crl-24514 49 22 . . PUNCT crl-24514 50 1 reflecting reflect VERB crl-24514 50 2 prior prior ADV crl-24514 50 3 research,25 research,25 PROPN crl-24514 50 4 however however ADV crl-24514 50 5 , , PUNCT crl-24514 50 6 the the DET crl-24514 50 7 student student NOUN crl-24514 50 8 applies apply VERB crl-24514 50 9 these these DET crl-24514 50 10 criteria criterion NOUN crl-24514 50 11 superficially superficially ADV crl-24514 50 12 and and CCONJ crl-24514 50 13 incompletely incompletely ADV crl-24514 50 14 in in ADP crl-24514 50 15 the the DET crl-24514 50 16 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 50 17 . . PUNCT crl-24514 51 1 specifically specifically ADV crl-24514 51 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 51 3 the the DET crl-24514 51 4 student student NOUN crl-24514 51 5 knows know VERB crl-24514 51 6 to to PART crl-24514 51 7 research research VERB crl-24514 51 8 the the DET crl-24514 51 9 author author NOUN crl-24514 51 10 but but CCONJ crl-24514 51 11 fails fail VERB crl-24514 51 12 to to PART crl-24514 51 13 critically critically ADV crl-24514 51 14 argue argue VERB crl-24514 51 15 why why SCONJ crl-24514 51 16 the the DET crl-24514 51 17 author author NOUN crl-24514 51 18 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 51 19 lack lack NOUN crl-24514 51 20 of of ADP crl-24514 51 21 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 51 22 experience experience NOUN crl-24514 51 23 and and CCONJ crl-24514 51 24 background background NOUN crl-24514 51 25 in in ADP crl-24514 51 26 technology technology NOUN crl-24514 51 27 negate negate VERB crl-24514 51 28 her her PRON crl-24514 51 29 ability ability NOUN crl-24514 51 30 to to PART crl-24514 51 31 write write VERB crl-24514 51 32 about about ADP crl-24514 51 33 the the DET crl-24514 51 34 topic topic NOUN crl-24514 51 35 at at ADP crl-24514 51 36 hand hand NOUN crl-24514 51 37 . . PUNCT crl-24514 52 1 in in ADP crl-24514 52 2 other other ADJ crl-24514 52 3 words word NOUN crl-24514 52 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 52 5 it it PRON crl-24514 52 6 appears appear VERB crl-24514 52 7 that that SCONJ crl-24514 52 8 the the DET crl-24514 52 9 student student NOUN crl-24514 52 10 is be AUX crl-24514 52 11 well well ADV crl-24514 52 12 practiced practice VERB crl-24514 52 13 in in ADP crl-24514 52 14 deploying deploy VERB crl-24514 52 15 buzz buzz NOUN crl-24514 52 16 words word NOUN crl-24514 52 17 such such ADJ crl-24514 52 18 as as ADP crl-24514 52 19 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 52 20 credible credible ADJ crl-24514 52 21 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 52 22 and and CCONJ crl-24514 52 23 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 52 24 expert expert NOUN crl-24514 52 25 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 52 26 but but CCONJ crl-24514 52 27 does do AUX crl-24514 52 28 not not PART crl-24514 52 29 yet yet ADV crl-24514 52 30 fully fully ADV crl-24514 52 31 understand understand VERB crl-24514 52 32 how how SCONJ crl-24514 52 33 to to PART crl-24514 52 34 critically critically ADV crl-24514 52 35 and and CCONJ crl-24514 52 36 accurately accurately ADV crl-24514 52 37 apply apply VERB crl-24514 52 38 these these DET crl-24514 52 39 words word NOUN crl-24514 52 40 in in ADP crl-24514 52 41 a a DET crl-24514 52 42 source source NOUN crl-24514 52 43 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 52 44 . . PUNCT crl-24514 53 1 because because SCONJ crl-24514 53 2 students student NOUN crl-24514 53 3 such such ADJ crl-24514 53 4 as as ADP crl-24514 53 5 this this DET crl-24514 53 6 one one NUM crl-24514 53 7 use use NOUN crl-24514 53 8 source source NOUN crl-24514 53 9 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 53 10 language language NOUN crl-24514 53 11 to to PART crl-24514 53 12 mask mask VERB crl-24514 53 13 their their PRON crl-24514 53 14 difficulties difficulty NOUN crl-24514 53 15 navigating navigate VERB crl-24514 53 16 and and CCONJ crl-24514 53 17 evaluating evaluate VERB crl-24514 53 18 information information NOUN crl-24514 53 19 , , PUNCT crl-24514 53 20 source source NOUN crl-24514 53 21 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 53 22 skills skill NOUN crl-24514 53 23 can can AUX crl-24514 53 24 be be AUX crl-24514 53 25 classified classify VERB crl-24514 53 26 as as ADP crl-24514 53 27 troublesome troublesome ADJ crl-24514 53 28 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-24514 53 29 , , PUNCT crl-24514 53 30 and and CCONJ crl-24514 53 31 , , PUNCT crl-24514 53 32 more more ADV crl-24514 53 33 specifically specifically ADV crl-24514 53 34 , , PUNCT crl-24514 53 35 as as ADP crl-24514 53 36 ritual ritual ADJ crl-24514 53 37 and and CCONJ crl-24514 53 38 conceptually conceptually ADV crl-24514 53 39 difficult difficult ADJ crl-24514 53 40 knowledge.26 knowledge.26 ADJ crl-24514 53 41 ritual ritual ADJ crl-24514 53 42 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-24514 53 43 is be AUX crl-24514 53 44 part part NOUN crl-24514 53 45 of of ADP crl-24514 53 46 a a DET crl-24514 53 47 social social ADJ crl-24514 53 48 routine routine NOUN crl-24514 53 49 and and CCONJ crl-24514 53 50 is be AUX crl-24514 53 51 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 53 52 rather rather ADV crl-24514 53 53 meaningless meaningless ADJ crl-24514 53 54 , , PUNCT crl-24514 53 55 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 53 56 while while SCONJ crl-24514 53 57 conceptually conceptually ADV crl-24514 53 58 difficult difficult ADJ crl-24514 53 59 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-24514 53 60 results result NOUN crl-24514 53 61 from from ADP crl-24514 53 62 a a DET crl-24514 53 63 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 53 64 mix mix NOUN crl-24514 53 65 of of ADP crl-24514 53 66 misunderstandings misunderstanding NOUN crl-24514 53 67 and and CCONJ crl-24514 53 68 ritual ritual ADJ crl-24514 53 69 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-24514 53 70 . . PUNCT crl-24514 54 1 ”27 ”27 PUNCT crl-24514 54 2 an an DET crl-24514 54 3 effective effective ADJ crl-24514 54 4 source source NOUN crl-24514 54 5 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 54 6 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 54 7 can can AUX crl-24514 54 8 expose expose VERB crl-24514 54 9 superficial superficial ADJ crl-24514 54 10 and and CCONJ crl-24514 54 11 ritually ritually ADV crl-24514 54 12 foreclosed foreclose VERB crl-24514 54 13 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 54 14 , , PUNCT crl-24514 54 15 identifying identify VERB crl-24514 54 16 where where SCONJ crl-24514 54 17 in in ADP crl-24514 54 18 the the DET crl-24514 54 19 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 54 20 process process NOUN crl-24514 54 21 students student NOUN crl-24514 54 22 are be AUX crl-24514 54 23 succeeding succeed VERB crl-24514 54 24 and and CCONJ crl-24514 54 25 falling fall VERB crl-24514 54 26 short short ADJ crl-24514 54 27 . . PUNCT crl-24514 55 1 this this DET crl-24514 55 2 article article NOUN crl-24514 55 3 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 55 4 authors author NOUN crl-24514 55 5 used use VERB crl-24514 55 6 the the DET crl-24514 55 7 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 55 8 concept concept NOUN crl-24514 55 9 perspective perspective NOUN crl-24514 55 10 as as ADP crl-24514 55 11 the the DET crl-24514 55 12 organizing organize VERB crl-24514 55 13 principle principle NOUN crl-24514 55 14 for for ADP crl-24514 55 15 developing develop VERB crl-24514 55 16 such such DET crl-24514 55 17 an an DET crl-24514 55 18 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 55 19 . . PUNCT crl-24514 56 1 research research NOUN crl-24514 56 2 framework framework NOUN crl-24514 56 3 the the DET crl-24514 56 4 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 56 5 concepts concept NOUN crl-24514 56 6 perspective28 perspective28 NOUN crl-24514 56 7 suggests suggest VERB crl-24514 56 8 that that SCONJ crl-24514 56 9 students student NOUN crl-24514 56 10 fall fall VERB crl-24514 56 11 back back ADV crl-24514 56 12 on on ADP crl-24514 56 13 ritualized ritualized ADJ crl-24514 56 14 language language NOUN crl-24514 56 15 when when SCONJ crl-24514 56 16 completing complete VERB crl-24514 56 17 source source NOUN crl-24514 56 18 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 56 19 tasks task NOUN crl-24514 56 20 because because SCONJ crl-24514 56 21 they they PRON crl-24514 56 22 have have AUX crl-24514 56 23 not not PART crl-24514 56 24 crossed cross VERB crl-24514 56 25 a a DET crl-24514 56 26 key key ADJ crl-24514 56 27 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 56 28 that that PRON crl-24514 56 29 informs inform VERB crl-24514 56 30 source source NOUN crl-24514 56 31 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 56 32 . . PUNCT crl-24514 57 1 the the DET crl-24514 57 2 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 57 3 concept concept NOUN crl-24514 57 4 theory theory NOUN crl-24514 57 5 describes describe VERB crl-24514 57 6 the the DET crl-24514 57 7 moment moment NOUN crl-24514 57 8 a a DET crl-24514 57 9 learner learner NOUN crl-24514 57 10 is be AUX crl-24514 57 11 transformed transform VERB crl-24514 57 12 by by ADP crl-24514 57 13 a a DET crl-24514 57 14 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 57 15 shift shift NOUN crl-24514 57 16 in in ADP crl-24514 57 17 perception perception NOUN crl-24514 57 18 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 57 19 that that PRON crl-24514 57 20 awakens awaken VERB crl-24514 57 21 them they PRON crl-24514 57 22 to to ADP crl-24514 57 23 a a DET crl-24514 57 24 new new ADJ crl-24514 57 25 way way NOUN crl-24514 57 26 of of ADP crl-24514 57 27 thinking thinking NOUN crl-24514 57 28 about about ADP crl-24514 57 29 a a DET crl-24514 57 30 particular particular ADJ crl-24514 57 31 concept concept NOUN crl-24514 57 32 or or CCONJ crl-24514 57 33 even even ADV crl-24514 57 34 about about ADV crl-24514 57 35 an an DET crl-24514 57 36 entire entire ADJ crl-24514 57 37 discipline.29 discipline.29 NOUN crl-24514 57 38 having having AUX crl-24514 57 39 successfully successfully ADV crl-24514 57 40 crossed cross VERB crl-24514 57 41 a a DET crl-24514 57 42 conceptual conceptual ADJ crl-24514 57 43 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 57 44 , , PUNCT crl-24514 57 45 students student NOUN crl-24514 57 46 can can AUX crl-24514 57 47 not not PART crl-24514 57 48 unlearn unlearn VERB crl-24514 57 49 their their PRON crl-24514 57 50 new new ADJ crl-24514 57 51 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-24514 57 52 but but CCONJ crl-24514 57 53 integrate integrate VERB crl-24514 57 54 it it PRON crl-24514 57 55 into into ADP crl-24514 57 56 and and CCONJ crl-24514 57 57 develop develop VERB crl-24514 57 58 a a DET crl-24514 57 59 deeper deep ADJ crl-24514 57 60 understanding understanding NOUN crl-24514 57 61 of of ADP crl-24514 57 62 interrelated interrelated ADJ crl-24514 57 63 concepts.30 concepts.30 VERB crl-24514 57 64 a a DET crl-24514 57 65 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 57 66 concept concept NOUN crl-24514 57 67 is be AUX crl-24514 57 68 not not PART crl-24514 57 69 necessarily necessarily ADV crl-24514 57 70 bound bind VERB crl-24514 57 71 to to ADP crl-24514 57 72 a a DET crl-24514 57 73 discipline discipline NOUN crl-24514 57 74 and and CCONJ crl-24514 57 75 leads lead VERB crl-24514 57 76 to to ADP crl-24514 57 77 new new ADJ crl-24514 57 78 conceptual conceptual ADJ crl-24514 57 79 frontiers.31 frontiers.31 PROPN crl-24514 57 80 subject subject NOUN crl-24514 57 81 experts expert NOUN crl-24514 57 82 in in ADP crl-24514 57 83 several several ADJ crl-24514 57 84 fields field NOUN crl-24514 57 85 have have AUX crl-24514 57 86 identified identify VERB crl-24514 57 87 and and CCONJ crl-24514 57 88 used use VERB crl-24514 57 89 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 57 90 concepts concept NOUN crl-24514 57 91 to to PART crl-24514 57 92 improve improve VERB crl-24514 57 93 instruction instruction NOUN crl-24514 57 94 and and CCONJ crl-24514 57 95 student student NOUN crl-24514 57 96 learning.32 learning.32 NOUN crl-24514 57 97 in in ADP crl-24514 57 98 electrical electrical ADJ crl-24514 57 99 engineering engineering NOUN crl-24514 57 100 , , PUNCT crl-24514 57 101 for for ADP crl-24514 57 102 instance instance NOUN crl-24514 57 103 , , PUNCT crl-24514 57 104 instructors instructor NOUN crl-24514 57 105 correlated correlate VERB crl-24514 57 106 transparent transparent ADJ crl-24514 57 107 instruction instruction NOUN crl-24514 57 108 of of ADP crl-24514 57 109 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 57 110 concepts concept NOUN crl-24514 57 111 with with ADP crl-24514 57 112 students student NOUN crl-24514 57 113 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 57 114 improved improve VERB crl-24514 57 115 comprehension comprehension NOUN crl-24514 57 116 and and CCONJ crl-24514 57 117 lower low ADJ crl-24514 57 118 attrition.33 attrition.33 ADV crl-24514 57 119 a a DET crl-24514 57 120 business business NOUN crl-24514 57 121 instructor instructor NOUN crl-24514 57 122 showed show VERB crl-24514 57 123 that that SCONJ crl-24514 57 124 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 57 125 power power NOUN crl-24514 57 126 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 57 127 as as ADP crl-24514 57 128 a a DET crl-24514 57 129 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 57 130 concept concept NOUN crl-24514 57 131 helped help VERB crl-24514 57 132 students student NOUN crl-24514 57 133 better well ADV crl-24514 57 134 understand understand VERB crl-24514 57 135 how how SCONJ crl-24514 57 136 political political ADJ crl-24514 57 137 institutions institution NOUN crl-24514 57 138 and and CCONJ crl-24514 57 139 actors actor NOUN crl-24514 57 140 influence influence PROPN crl-24514 57 141 business business NOUN crl-24514 57 142 knowledge knowledge PROPN crl-24514 57 143 , , PUNCT crl-24514 57 144 attitudes attitude NOUN crl-24514 57 145 , , PUNCT crl-24514 57 146 and and CCONJ crl-24514 57 147 skills.34 skills.34 VERB crl-24514 57 148 a a DET crl-24514 57 149 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 57 150 instructor instructor NOUN crl-24514 57 151 used use VERB crl-24514 57 152 a a DET crl-24514 57 153 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 57 154 concepts concept NOUN crl-24514 57 155 approach approach VERB crl-24514 57 156 to to PART crl-24514 57 157 increase increase VERB crl-24514 57 158 students student NOUN crl-24514 57 159 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 57 160 data datum NOUN crl-24514 57 161 confidence confidence NOUN crl-24514 57 162 , , PUNCT crl-24514 57 163 quantitative quantitative ADJ crl-24514 57 164 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 57 165 , , PUNCT crl-24514 57 166 and and CCONJ crl-24514 57 167 data data NOUN crl-24514 57 168 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 57 169 skills.35 skills.35 NOUN crl-24514 57 170 in in ADP crl-24514 57 171 information information NOUN crl-24514 57 172 and and CCONJ crl-24514 57 173 library library NOUN crl-24514 57 174 science science NOUN crl-24514 57 175 , , PUNCT crl-24514 57 176 acrl acrl ADV crl-24514 57 177 based base VERB crl-24514 57 178 its its PRON crl-24514 57 179 six six NUM crl-24514 57 180 frames frame NOUN crl-24514 57 181 on on ADP crl-24514 57 182 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 57 183 concepts concept NOUN crl-24514 57 184 and and CCONJ crl-24514 57 185 linked link VERB crl-24514 57 186 source source NOUN crl-24514 57 187 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 57 188 with with ADP crl-24514 57 189 the the DET crl-24514 57 190 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 57 191 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 57 192 is be AUX crl-24514 57 193 constructed construct VERB crl-24514 57 194 and and CCONJ crl-24514 57 195 contextual contextual ADJ crl-24514 57 196 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 57 197 frame.36 frame.36 NOUN crl-24514 57 198 acrl acrl ADJ crl-24514 57 199 826 826 NUM crl-24514 57 200 college college PROPN crl-24514 57 201 & & CCONJ crl-24514 57 202 research research PROPN crl-24514 57 203 libraries library NOUN crl-24514 57 204 july july PROPN crl-24514 57 205 2020 2020 NUM crl-24514 57 206 defines define NOUN crl-24514 57 207 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 57 208 as as ADP crl-24514 57 209 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 57 210 a a DET crl-24514 57 211 type type NOUN crl-24514 57 212 of of ADP crl-24514 57 213 influence influence NOUN crl-24514 57 214 recognized recognize VERB crl-24514 57 215 or or CCONJ crl-24514 57 216 exerted exert VERB crl-24514 57 217 within within ADP crl-24514 57 218 a a DET crl-24514 57 219 community community NOUN crl-24514 57 220 . . PUNCT crl-24514 58 1 ”37 ”37 VERB crl-24514 59 1 the the DET crl-24514 59 2 rationale rationale NOUN crl-24514 59 3 supporting support VERB crl-24514 59 4 the the DET crl-24514 59 5 notion notion NOUN crl-24514 59 6 of of ADP crl-24514 59 7 constructed construct VERB crl-24514 59 8 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 59 9 is be AUX crl-24514 59 10 that that SCONJ crl-24514 59 11 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 59 12 various various ADJ crl-24514 59 13 communities community NOUN crl-24514 59 14 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 59 15 and and CCONJ crl-24514 59 16 their their PRON crl-24514 59 17 standards standard NOUN crl-24514 59 18 as as ADV crl-24514 59 19 well well ADV crl-24514 59 20 as as ADP crl-24514 59 21 the the DET crl-24514 59 22 needs need NOUN crl-24514 59 23 of of ADP crl-24514 59 24 the the DET crl-24514 59 25 learner learner NOUN crl-24514 59 26 will will AUX crl-24514 59 27 have have VERB crl-24514 59 28 different different ADJ crl-24514 59 29 standards standard NOUN crl-24514 59 30 for for ADP crl-24514 59 31 what what PRON crl-24514 59 32 constitutes constitute VERB crl-24514 59 33 a a DET crl-24514 59 34 trusted trust VERB crl-24514 59 35 source.38 source.38 NOUN crl-24514 59 36 this this PRON crl-24514 59 37 means mean VERB crl-24514 59 38 that that SCONJ crl-24514 59 39 , , PUNCT crl-24514 59 40 in in ADP crl-24514 59 41 the the DET crl-24514 59 42 process process NOUN crl-24514 59 43 of of ADP crl-24514 59 44 determining determine VERB crl-24514 59 45 the the DET crl-24514 59 46 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 59 47 of of ADP crl-24514 59 48 a a DET crl-24514 59 49 source source NOUN crl-24514 59 50 , , PUNCT crl-24514 59 51 learners learner NOUN crl-24514 59 52 must must AUX crl-24514 59 53 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 59 54 use use VERB crl-24514 59 55 research research NOUN crl-24514 59 56 tools tool NOUN crl-24514 59 57 and and CCONJ crl-24514 59 58 indicators indicator NOUN crl-24514 59 59 of of ADP crl-24514 59 60 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 59 61 to to PART crl-24514 59 62 determine determine VERB crl-24514 59 63 the the DET crl-24514 59 64 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 59 65 of of ADP crl-24514 59 66 sources source NOUN crl-24514 59 67 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 59 68 and and CCONJ crl-24514 59 69 understand understand VERB crl-24514 59 70 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 59 71 the the DET crl-24514 59 72 elements element NOUN crl-24514 59 73 that that PRON crl-24514 59 74 might might AUX crl-24514 59 75 temper temper VERB crl-24514 59 76 this this DET crl-24514 59 77 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 59 78 , , PUNCT crl-24514 59 79 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 59 80 as as SCONJ crl-24514 59 81 acrl acrl ADV crl-24514 59 82 detailed detail VERB crl-24514 59 83 in in ADP crl-24514 59 84 an an DET crl-24514 59 85 example example NOUN crl-24514 59 86 of of ADP crl-24514 59 87 a a DET crl-24514 59 88 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-24514 59 89 practice practice NOUN crl-24514 59 90 relative relative ADJ crl-24514 59 91 to to ADP crl-24514 59 92 this this PRON crl-24514 59 93 frame.39 frame.39 VERB crl-24514 59 94 the the DET crl-24514 59 95 concept concept NOUN crl-24514 59 96 of of ADP crl-24514 59 97 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 59 98 is be AUX crl-24514 59 99 not not PART crl-24514 59 100 bound bind VERB crl-24514 59 101 to to ADP crl-24514 59 102 the the DET crl-24514 59 103 field field NOUN crl-24514 59 104 of of ADP crl-24514 59 105 information information NOUN crl-24514 59 106 science;40 science;40 NOUN crl-24514 59 107 in in ADP crl-24514 59 108 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 59 109 , , PUNCT crl-24514 59 110 it it PRON crl-24514 59 111 is be AUX crl-24514 59 112 analogous analogous ADJ crl-24514 59 113 with with ADP crl-24514 59 114 the the DET crl-24514 59 115 concept concept NOUN crl-24514 59 116 of of ADP crl-24514 59 117 credibility.41 credibility.41 PROPN crl-24514 59 118 communications communications PROPN crl-24514 59 119 librarian librarian PROPN crl-24514 59 120 margy margy PROPN crl-24514 59 121 macmillan macmillan PROPN crl-24514 59 122 , , PUNCT crl-24514 59 123 for for ADP crl-24514 59 124 example example NOUN crl-24514 59 125 , , PUNCT crl-24514 59 126 argued argue VERB crl-24514 59 127 that that SCONJ crl-24514 59 128 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 59 129 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 59 130 is be AUX crl-24514 59 131 contextual contextual ADJ crl-24514 59 132 and and CCONJ crl-24514 59 133 constructed construct VERB crl-24514 59 134 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 59 135 in in ADP crl-24514 59 136 the the DET crl-24514 59 137 information information NOUN crl-24514 59 138 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 59 139 concept concept NOUN crl-24514 59 140 with with ADP crl-24514 59 141 which which PRON crl-24514 59 142 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 59 143 students student NOUN crl-24514 59 144 contend contend VERB crl-24514 59 145 when when SCONJ crl-24514 59 146 they they PRON crl-24514 59 147 learn learn VERB crl-24514 59 148 to to PART crl-24514 59 149 fact fact NOUN crl-24514 59 150 - - PUNCT crl-24514 59 151 check check NOUN crl-24514 59 152 information information NOUN crl-24514 59 153 by by ADP crl-24514 59 154 consulting consult VERB crl-24514 59 155 multiple multiple ADJ crl-24514 59 156 sources.42 sources.42 NOUN crl-24514 59 157 approaching approach VERB crl-24514 59 158 and and CCONJ crl-24514 59 159 crossing cross VERB crl-24514 59 160 a a DET crl-24514 59 161 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 59 162 is be AUX crl-24514 59 163 not not PART crl-24514 59 164 easy easy ADJ crl-24514 59 165 , , PUNCT crl-24514 59 166 however however ADV crl-24514 59 167 , , PUNCT crl-24514 59 168 and and CCONJ crl-24514 59 169 the the DET crl-24514 59 170 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 59 171 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 59 172 is be AUX crl-24514 59 173 constructed construct VERB crl-24514 59 174 and and CCONJ crl-24514 59 175 contextual contextual ADJ crl-24514 59 176 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 59 177 concept concept NOUN crl-24514 59 178 can can AUX crl-24514 59 179 be be AUX crl-24514 59 180 troublesome troublesome ADJ crl-24514 59 181 for for ADP crl-24514 59 182 novices novice NOUN crl-24514 59 183 . . PUNCT crl-24514 60 1 while while SCONJ crl-24514 60 2 progressing progress VERB crl-24514 60 3 toward toward ADP crl-24514 60 4 a a DET crl-24514 60 5 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 60 6 , , PUNCT crl-24514 60 7 students student NOUN crl-24514 60 8 can can AUX crl-24514 60 9 engage engage VERB crl-24514 60 10 in in ADP crl-24514 60 11 mimicry mimicry NOUN crl-24514 60 12 instead instead ADV crl-24514 60 13 of of ADP crl-24514 60 14 authentically authentically ADV crl-24514 60 15 embracing embrace VERB crl-24514 60 16 the the DET crl-24514 60 17 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 60 18 concept.43 concept.43 VERB crl-24514 60 19 while while SCONJ crl-24514 60 20 experts expert NOUN crl-24514 60 21 may may AUX crl-24514 60 22 detect detect VERB crl-24514 60 23 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 60 24 by by ADP crl-24514 60 25 critiquing critique VERB crl-24514 60 26 a a DET crl-24514 60 27 source source NOUN crl-24514 60 28 ’s ’s NOUN crl-24514 60 29 expertise expertise NOUN crl-24514 60 30 and and CCONJ crl-24514 60 31 experience experience NOUN crl-24514 60 32 in in ADP crl-24514 60 33 light light NOUN crl-24514 60 34 of of ADP crl-24514 60 35 the the DET crl-24514 60 36 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 60 37 societal societal ADJ crl-24514 60 38 structures structure NOUN crl-24514 60 39 of of ADP crl-24514 60 40 power power NOUN crl-24514 60 41 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 60 42 of of ADP crl-24514 60 43 time time NOUN crl-24514 60 44 and and CCONJ crl-24514 60 45 place,44 place,44 NOUN crl-24514 60 46 novices novice NOUN crl-24514 60 47 often often ADV crl-24514 60 48 lack lack VERB crl-24514 60 49 such such DET crl-24514 60 50 a a DET crl-24514 60 51 nuanced nuanced ADJ crl-24514 60 52 understanding understanding NOUN crl-24514 60 53 of of ADP crl-24514 60 54 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 60 55 . . PUNCT crl-24514 61 1 instead instead ADV crl-24514 61 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 61 3 they they PRON crl-24514 61 4 may may AUX crl-24514 61 5 rely rely VERB crl-24514 61 6 on on ADP crl-24514 61 7 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 61 8 basic basic ADJ crl-24514 61 9 indicators indicator NOUN crl-24514 61 10 of of ADP crl-24514 61 11 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 61 12 , , PUNCT crl-24514 61 13 such such ADJ crl-24514 61 14 as as ADP crl-24514 61 15 type type NOUN crl-24514 61 16 of of ADP crl-24514 61 17 publication publication NOUN crl-24514 61 18 or or CCONJ crl-24514 61 19 author author NOUN crl-24514 61 20 credentials credential NOUN crl-24514 61 21 . . PUNCT crl-24514 61 22 ”45 ”45 PROPN crl-24514 62 1 indeed indeed ADV crl-24514 62 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 62 3 macmillan macmillan PROPN crl-24514 62 4 acknowledged acknowledge VERB crl-24514 62 5 that that SCONJ crl-24514 62 6 the the DET crl-24514 62 7 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 62 8 students student NOUN crl-24514 62 9 in in ADP crl-24514 62 10 her her PRON crl-24514 62 11 study study NOUN crl-24514 62 12 of of ADP crl-24514 62 13 student student NOUN crl-24514 62 14 source source NOUN crl-24514 62 15 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 62 16 skills skill NOUN crl-24514 62 17 may may AUX crl-24514 62 18 have have AUX crl-24514 62 19 relied rely VERB crl-24514 62 20 on on ADP crl-24514 62 21 some some DET crl-24514 62 22 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 62 23 performativity performativity NOUN crl-24514 62 24 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 62 25 that that PRON crl-24514 62 26 prevented prevent VERB crl-24514 62 27 a a DET crl-24514 62 28 precise precise ADJ crl-24514 62 29 and and CCONJ crl-24514 62 30 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 62 31 objective objective ADJ crl-24514 62 32 measure measure NOUN crl-24514 62 33 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 62 34 of of ADP crl-24514 62 35 students student NOUN crl-24514 62 36 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 62 37 abilities ability NOUN crl-24514 62 38 to to PART crl-24514 62 39 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 62 40 sources.46 sources.46 NOUN crl-24514 62 41 in in ADP crl-24514 62 42 sum sum NOUN crl-24514 62 43 , , PUNCT crl-24514 62 44 identifying identify VERB crl-24514 62 45 a a DET crl-24514 62 46 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 62 47 concept concept NOUN crl-24514 62 48 that that PRON crl-24514 62 49 underlies underlie VERB crl-24514 62 50 source source NOUN crl-24514 62 51 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 62 52 skills skill NOUN crl-24514 62 53 can can AUX crl-24514 62 54 facilitate facilitate VERB crl-24514 62 55 the the DET crl-24514 62 56 development development NOUN crl-24514 62 57 of of ADP crl-24514 62 58 an an DET crl-24514 62 59 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 62 60 of of ADP crl-24514 62 61 these these DET crl-24514 62 62 skills skill NOUN crl-24514 62 63 that that PRON crl-24514 62 64 detects detect VERB crl-24514 62 65 students student NOUN crl-24514 62 66 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 62 67 masking masking NOUN crl-24514 62 68 and and CCONJ crl-24514 62 69 mimicking mimicking NOUN crl-24514 62 70 language language NOUN crl-24514 62 71 . . PUNCT crl-24514 63 1 the the DET crl-24514 63 2 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 63 3 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 63 4 is be AUX crl-24514 63 5 constructed construct VERB crl-24514 63 6 and and CCONJ crl-24514 63 7 contextual contextual ADJ crl-24514 63 8 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 63 9 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 63 10 concept concept NOUN crl-24514 63 11 was be AUX crl-24514 63 12 used use VERB crl-24514 63 13 as as ADP crl-24514 63 14 a a DET crl-24514 63 15 foundation foundation NOUN crl-24514 63 16 for for ADP crl-24514 63 17 an an DET crl-24514 63 18 effective effective ADJ crl-24514 63 19 source source NOUN crl-24514 63 20 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 63 21 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 63 22 . . PUNCT crl-24514 64 1 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 64 2 concepts concept NOUN crl-24514 64 3 and and CCONJ crl-24514 64 4 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 64 5 following follow VERB crl-24514 64 6 the the DET crl-24514 64 7 introduction introduction NOUN crl-24514 64 8 of of ADP crl-24514 64 9 acrl acrl ADJ crl-24514 64 10 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 64 11 framework framework NOUN crl-24514 64 12 , , PUNCT crl-24514 64 13 library library NOUN crl-24514 64 14 instruction instruction NOUN crl-24514 64 15 and and CCONJ crl-24514 64 16 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 64 17 expert expert NOUN crl-24514 64 18 megan megan PROPN crl-24514 64 19 oakleaf oakleaf NOUN crl-24514 64 20 urged urge VERB crl-24514 64 21 librarians librarian NOUN crl-24514 64 22 and and CCONJ crl-24514 64 23 instructors instructor NOUN crl-24514 64 24 to to PART crl-24514 64 25 tackle tackle VERB crl-24514 64 26 information information NOUN crl-24514 64 27 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 64 28 frames frame NOUN crl-24514 64 29 with with ADP crl-24514 64 30 measurable measurable ADJ crl-24514 64 31 learning learning NOUN crl-24514 64 32 outcomes outcome NOUN crl-24514 64 33 , , PUNCT crl-24514 64 34 authentic authentic ADJ crl-24514 64 35 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 64 36 activities activity NOUN crl-24514 64 37 , , PUNCT crl-24514 64 38 and and CCONJ crl-24514 64 39 new new ADJ crl-24514 64 40 or or CCONJ crl-24514 64 41 adapted adapt VERB crl-24514 64 42 rubrics.47 rubrics.47 NOUN crl-24514 64 43 following follow VERB crl-24514 64 44 oakleaf oakleaf PROPN crl-24514 64 45 ’s ’s NUM crl-24514 64 46 advice advice NOUN crl-24514 64 47 , , PUNCT crl-24514 64 48 this this DET crl-24514 64 49 article article NOUN crl-24514 64 50 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 64 51 authors author NOUN crl-24514 64 52 reasoned reason VERB crl-24514 64 53 that that SCONJ crl-24514 64 54 the the DET crl-24514 64 55 frame frame NOUN crl-24514 64 56 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 64 57 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 64 58 is be AUX crl-24514 64 59 constructed construct VERB crl-24514 64 60 and and CCONJ crl-24514 64 61 contextual contextual ADJ crl-24514 64 62 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 64 63 suggests suggest VERB crl-24514 64 64 that that SCONJ crl-24514 64 65 evaluating evaluate VERB crl-24514 64 66 a a DET crl-24514 64 67 source source NOUN crl-24514 64 68 entails entail VERB crl-24514 64 69 understanding understand VERB crl-24514 64 70 what what PRON crl-24514 64 71 constitutes constitute VERB crl-24514 64 72 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 64 73 or or CCONJ crl-24514 64 74 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 64 75 within within ADP crl-24514 64 76 a a DET crl-24514 64 77 discipline discipline NOUN crl-24514 64 78 and and CCONJ crl-24514 64 79 accepting accept VERB crl-24514 64 80 or or CCONJ crl-24514 64 81 challenging challenge VERB crl-24514 64 82 the the DET crl-24514 64 83 constructed constructed ADJ crl-24514 64 84 and and CCONJ crl-24514 64 85 contextual contextual ADJ crl-24514 64 86 nature nature NOUN crl-24514 64 87 of of ADP crl-24514 64 88 this this DET crl-24514 64 89 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 64 90 or or CCONJ crl-24514 64 91 credibility.48 credibility.48 VERB crl-24514 64 92 the the DET crl-24514 64 93 authors author NOUN crl-24514 64 94 coupled couple VERB crl-24514 64 95 oakleaf oakleaf NOUN crl-24514 64 96 ’s ’s NOUN crl-24514 64 97 guidance guidance NOUN crl-24514 64 98 with with ADP crl-24514 64 99 extant extant ADJ crl-24514 64 100 research research NOUN crl-24514 64 101 , , PUNCT crl-24514 64 102 particularly particularly ADV crl-24514 64 103 lea lea VERB crl-24514 64 104 currie currie NOUN crl-24514 64 105 and and CCONJ crl-24514 64 106 colleagues colleague NOUN crl-24514 64 107 ’ ' PUNCT crl-24514 64 108 call call VERB crl-24514 64 109 for for ADP crl-24514 64 110 course course NOUN crl-24514 64 111 - - PUNCT crl-24514 64 112 integrated integrate VERB crl-24514 64 113 instruction instruction NOUN crl-24514 64 114 to to PART crl-24514 64 115 provide provide VERB crl-24514 64 116 students student NOUN crl-24514 64 117 with with ADP crl-24514 64 118 a a DET crl-24514 64 119 sense sense NOUN crl-24514 64 120 of of ADP crl-24514 64 121 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 64 122 criteria criterion NOUN crl-24514 64 123 and and CCONJ crl-24514 64 124 a a DET crl-24514 64 125 deeper deep ADJ crl-24514 64 126 understanding understanding NOUN crl-24514 64 127 and and CCONJ crl-24514 64 128 context context NOUN crl-24514 64 129 for for ADP crl-24514 64 130 evaluating evaluate VERB crl-24514 64 131 information.49 information.49 PRON crl-24514 64 132 this this PRON crl-24514 64 133 led lead VERB crl-24514 64 134 to to ADP crl-24514 64 135 the the DET crl-24514 64 136 formulation formulation NOUN crl-24514 64 137 of of ADP crl-24514 64 138 the the DET crl-24514 64 139 following follow VERB crl-24514 64 140 two two NUM crl-24514 64 141 learning learn VERB crl-24514 64 142 outcomes outcome NOUN crl-24514 64 143 for for ADP crl-24514 64 144 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 64 145 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 64 146 : : PUNCT crl-24514 64 147 1 1 X crl-24514 64 148 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 64 149 students student NOUN crl-24514 64 150 can can AUX crl-24514 64 151 identify identify VERB crl-24514 64 152 indicators indicator NOUN crl-24514 64 153 of of ADP crl-24514 64 154 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 64 155 in in ADP crl-24514 64 156 an an DET crl-24514 64 157 information information NOUN crl-24514 64 158 source source NOUN crl-24514 64 159 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 64 160 and and CCONJ crl-24514 64 161 2 2 X crl-24514 64 162 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 64 163 students student NOUN crl-24514 64 164 can can AUX crl-24514 64 165 argue argue VERB crl-24514 64 166 how how SCONJ crl-24514 64 167 these these DET crl-24514 64 168 indicators indicator NOUN crl-24514 64 169 contribute contribute VERB crl-24514 64 170 to to ADP crl-24514 64 171 or or CCONJ crl-24514 64 172 diminish diminish VERB crl-24514 64 173 the the DET crl-24514 64 174 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 64 175 of of ADP crl-24514 64 176 the the DET crl-24514 64 177 source source NOUN crl-24514 64 178 . . PUNCT crl-24514 65 1 in in ADP crl-24514 65 2 terms term NOUN crl-24514 65 3 of of ADP crl-24514 65 4 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 65 5 format format NOUN crl-24514 65 6 , , PUNCT crl-24514 65 7 these these DET crl-24514 65 8 learning learn VERB crl-24514 65 9 objectives objective NOUN crl-24514 65 10 dictated dictate VERB crl-24514 65 11 using use VERB crl-24514 65 12 an an DET crl-24514 65 13 open open ADV crl-24514 65 14 - - PUNCT crl-24514 65 15 ended ended ADJ crl-24514 65 16 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 65 17 in in ADP crl-24514 65 18 which which PRON crl-24514 65 19 students student NOUN crl-24514 65 20 demonstrate demonstrate VERB crl-24514 65 21 their their PRON crl-24514 65 22 reasoning reasoning NOUN crl-24514 65 23 rather rather ADV crl-24514 65 24 than than ADP crl-24514 65 25 an an DET crl-24514 65 26 adherence adherence NOUN crl-24514 65 27 to to ADP crl-24514 65 28 a a DET crl-24514 65 29 set set NOUN crl-24514 65 30 of of ADP crl-24514 65 31 rules.50 rules.50 NOUN crl-24514 65 32 to to PART crl-24514 65 33 develop develop VERB crl-24514 65 34 an an DET crl-24514 65 35 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 65 36 that that PRON crl-24514 65 37 matched match VERB crl-24514 65 38 these these DET crl-24514 65 39 learning learn VERB crl-24514 65 40 objectives objective NOUN crl-24514 65 41 and and CCONJ crl-24514 65 42 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 65 43 characteristics characteristic NOUN crl-24514 65 44 , , PUNCT crl-24514 65 45 the the DET crl-24514 65 46 authors author NOUN crl-24514 65 47 reviewed review VERB crl-24514 65 48 several several ADJ crl-24514 65 49 published publish VERB crl-24514 65 50 information information NOUN crl-24514 65 51 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 65 52 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 65 53 strategies strategy NOUN crl-24514 65 54 and and CCONJ crl-24514 65 55 rubrics.51 rubrics.51 VERB crl-24514 65 56 a a DET crl-24514 65 57 number number NOUN crl-24514 65 58 of of ADP crl-24514 65 59 these these DET crl-24514 65 60 tools tool NOUN crl-24514 65 61 proved prove VERB crl-24514 65 62 unsuitable unsuitable ADJ crl-24514 65 63 for for ADP crl-24514 65 64 this this DET crl-24514 65 65 project project NOUN crl-24514 65 66 because because SCONJ crl-24514 65 67 they they PRON crl-24514 65 68 are be AUX crl-24514 65 69 based base VERB crl-24514 65 70 news news NOUN crl-24514 65 71 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 65 72 827 827 NUM crl-24514 65 73 on on ADP crl-24514 65 74 out out ADP crl-24514 65 75 - - PUNCT crl-24514 65 76 of of ADP crl-24514 65 77 - - PUNCT crl-24514 65 78 practice practice NOUN crl-24514 65 79 standards standard NOUN crl-24514 65 80 , , PUNCT crl-24514 65 81 assess assess VERB crl-24514 65 82 broadly broadly ADV crl-24514 65 83 the the DET crl-24514 65 84 entire entire ADJ crl-24514 65 85 suite suite NOUN crl-24514 65 86 of of ADP crl-24514 65 87 information information NOUN crl-24514 65 88 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 65 89 outcomes outcome NOUN crl-24514 65 90 , , PUNCT crl-24514 65 91 and and CCONJ crl-24514 65 92 would would AUX crl-24514 65 93 not not PART crl-24514 65 94 facilitate facilitate VERB crl-24514 65 95 the the DET crl-24514 65 96 type type NOUN crl-24514 65 97 of of ADP crl-24514 65 98 open open ADV crl-24514 65 99 - - PUNCT crl-24514 65 100 ended ended ADJ crl-24514 65 101 assessments assessment NOUN crl-24514 65 102 that that SCONJ crl-24514 65 103 the the DET crl-24514 65 104 learning learn VERB crl-24514 65 105 objectives objective NOUN crl-24514 65 106 of of ADP crl-24514 65 107 the the DET crl-24514 65 108 infomania infomania PROPN crl-24514 65 109 course course NOUN crl-24514 65 110 necessitate.52 necessitate.52 ADJ crl-24514 65 111 other other ADJ crl-24514 65 112 published publish VERB crl-24514 65 113 rubrics rubric NOUN crl-24514 65 114 are be AUX crl-24514 65 115 focused focus VERB crl-24514 65 116 narrowly narrowly ADV crl-24514 65 117 on on ADP crl-24514 65 118 specific specific ADJ crl-24514 65 119 information information NOUN crl-24514 65 120 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 65 121 elements element NOUN crl-24514 65 122 like like ADP crl-24514 65 123 search search NOUN crl-24514 65 124 or or CCONJ crl-24514 65 125 citation citation NOUN crl-24514 65 126 , , PUNCT crl-24514 65 127 not not PART crl-24514 65 128 source source NOUN crl-24514 65 129 evaluation.53 evaluation.53 VERB crl-24514 65 130 several several ADJ crl-24514 65 131 rubrics rubric NOUN crl-24514 65 132 that that PRON crl-24514 65 133 do do AUX crl-24514 65 134 focus focus VERB crl-24514 65 135 on on ADP crl-24514 65 136 source source NOUN crl-24514 65 137 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 65 138 , , PUNCT crl-24514 65 139 meanwhile meanwhile ADV crl-24514 65 140 , , PUNCT crl-24514 65 141 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 65 142 the the DET crl-24514 65 143 sources source NOUN crl-24514 65 144 that that SCONJ crl-24514 65 145 students student NOUN crl-24514 65 146 cite cite VERB crl-24514 65 147 in in ADP crl-24514 65 148 their their PRON crl-24514 65 149 research research NOUN crl-24514 65 150 papers paper NOUN crl-24514 65 151 or or CCONJ crl-24514 65 152 portfolios portfolio NOUN crl-24514 65 153 but but CCONJ crl-24514 65 154 do do AUX crl-24514 65 155 not not PART crl-24514 65 156 use use VERB crl-24514 65 157 open open ADJ crl-24514 65 158 - - PUNCT crl-24514 65 159 ended end VERB crl-24514 65 160 prompts prompt NOUN crl-24514 65 161 to to PART crl-24514 65 162 probe probe VERB crl-24514 65 163 students student NOUN crl-24514 65 164 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 65 165 arguments argument NOUN crl-24514 65 166 for for ADP crl-24514 65 167 selecting select VERB crl-24514 65 168 these these DET crl-24514 65 169 sources.54 sources.54 PROPN crl-24514 65 170 erin erin PROPN crl-24514 65 171 daniels daniels PROPN crl-24514 65 172 ’ ' PUNCT crl-24514 65 173 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 65 174 stands stand VERB crl-24514 65 175 out out ADP crl-24514 65 176 among among ADP crl-24514 65 177 the the DET crl-24514 65 178 reviewed review VERB crl-24514 65 179 assessments assessment NOUN crl-24514 65 180 for for ADP crl-24514 65 181 being be AUX crl-24514 65 182 narrowly narrowly ADV crl-24514 65 183 tailored tailor VERB crl-24514 65 184 to to PART crl-24514 65 185 source source NOUN crl-24514 65 186 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 65 187 and and CCONJ crl-24514 65 188 for for ADP crl-24514 65 189 its its PRON crl-24514 65 190 open open ADV crl-24514 65 191 - - PUNCT crl-24514 65 192 ended ended ADJ crl-24514 65 193 nature nature NOUN crl-24514 65 194 , , PUNCT crl-24514 65 195 which which PRON crl-24514 65 196 facilitates facilitate VERB crl-24514 65 197 assessing assess VERB crl-24514 65 198 students student NOUN crl-24514 65 199 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 65 200 reasoning.55 reasoning.55 NOUN crl-24514 65 201 this this DET crl-24514 65 202 tool tool NOUN crl-24514 65 203 also also ADV crl-24514 65 204 aligns align VERB crl-24514 65 205 with with ADP crl-24514 65 206 the the DET crl-24514 65 207 two two NUM crl-24514 65 208 learning learn VERB crl-24514 65 209 outcomes outcome NOUN crl-24514 65 210 of of ADP crl-24514 65 211 the the DET crl-24514 65 212 infomania infomania PROPN crl-24514 65 213 course course NOUN crl-24514 65 214 . . PUNCT crl-24514 66 1 daniels daniels PROPN crl-24514 66 2 ’ ' PUNCT crl-24514 66 3 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 66 4 expects expect VERB crl-24514 66 5 students student NOUN crl-24514 66 6 to to PART crl-24514 66 7 identify identify VERB crl-24514 66 8 one one NUM crl-24514 66 9 or or CCONJ crl-24514 66 10 more more ADJ crl-24514 66 11 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 66 12 cues cue VERB crl-24514 66 13 in in ADP crl-24514 66 14 an an DET crl-24514 66 15 information information NOUN crl-24514 66 16 source source NOUN crl-24514 66 17 . . PUNCT crl-24514 67 1 in in ADP crl-24514 67 2 the the DET crl-24514 67 3 language language NOUN crl-24514 67 4 of of ADP crl-24514 67 5 this this DET crl-24514 67 6 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 67 7 , , PUNCT crl-24514 67 8 a a DET crl-24514 67 9 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 67 10 cue cue NOUN crl-24514 67 11 is be AUX crl-24514 67 12 any any DET crl-24514 67 13 element element NOUN crl-24514 67 14 of of ADP crl-24514 67 15 an an DET crl-24514 67 16 information information NOUN crl-24514 67 17 source source NOUN crl-24514 67 18 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 67 19 such such ADJ crl-24514 67 20 as as ADP crl-24514 67 21 author author NOUN crl-24514 67 22 , , PUNCT crl-24514 67 23 publisher publisher NOUN crl-24514 67 24 , , PUNCT crl-24514 67 25 tone tone NOUN crl-24514 67 26 , , PUNCT crl-24514 67 27 or or CCONJ crl-24514 67 28 sources source NOUN crl-24514 67 29 cited cite VERB crl-24514 67 30 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 67 31 that that PRON crl-24514 67 32 points point VERB crl-24514 67 33 to to ADP crl-24514 67 34 a a DET crl-24514 67 35 source source NOUN crl-24514 67 36 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 67 37 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 67 38 . . PUNCT crl-24514 68 1 after after ADP crl-24514 68 2 identifying identify VERB crl-24514 68 3 a a DET crl-24514 68 4 cue cue NOUN crl-24514 68 5 , , PUNCT crl-24514 68 6 a a DET crl-24514 68 7 student student NOUN crl-24514 68 8 is be AUX crl-24514 68 9 expected expect VERB crl-24514 68 10 to to PART crl-24514 68 11 collect collect VERB crl-24514 68 12 and and CCONJ crl-24514 68 13 present present ADJ crl-24514 68 14 evidence evidence NOUN crl-24514 68 15 about about ADP crl-24514 68 16 whether whether SCONJ crl-24514 68 17 or or CCONJ crl-24514 68 18 not not PART crl-24514 68 19 the the DET crl-24514 68 20 cue cue NOUN crl-24514 68 21 contributes contribute VERB crl-24514 68 22 to to ADP crl-24514 68 23 a a DET crl-24514 68 24 source source NOUN crl-24514 68 25 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 68 26 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 68 27 . . PUNCT crl-24514 69 1 a a DET crl-24514 69 2 student student NOUN crl-24514 69 3 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 69 4 response response NOUN crl-24514 69 5 about about ADP crl-24514 69 6 an an DET crl-24514 69 7 information information NOUN crl-24514 69 8 source source NOUN crl-24514 69 9 is be AUX crl-24514 69 10 assessed assess VERB crl-24514 69 11 based base VERB crl-24514 69 12 on on ADP crl-24514 69 13 how how SCONJ crl-24514 69 14 well well ADV crl-24514 69 15 the the DET crl-24514 69 16 student student NOUN crl-24514 69 17 uses use VERB crl-24514 69 18 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 69 19 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 69 20 and and CCONJ crl-24514 69 21 associated associate VERB crl-24514 69 22 evidence evidence NOUN crl-24514 69 23 to to PART crl-24514 69 24 articulate articulate VERB crl-24514 69 25 an an DET crl-24514 69 26 argument argument NOUN crl-24514 69 27 about about ADP crl-24514 69 28 the the DET crl-24514 69 29 overall overall ADJ crl-24514 69 30 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 69 31 of of ADP crl-24514 69 32 the the DET crl-24514 69 33 information information NOUN crl-24514 69 34 source source NOUN crl-24514 69 35 . . PUNCT crl-24514 70 1 research research NOUN crl-24514 70 2 questions question NOUN crl-24514 70 3 having having AUX crl-24514 70 4 identified identify VERB crl-24514 70 5 an an DET crl-24514 70 6 open open ADV crl-24514 70 7 - - PUNCT crl-24514 70 8 ended ended ADJ crl-24514 70 9 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 70 10 focused focus VERB crl-24514 70 11 on on ADP crl-24514 70 12 source source NOUN crl-24514 70 13 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 70 14 , , PUNCT crl-24514 70 15 the the DET crl-24514 70 16 authors author NOUN crl-24514 70 17 proceeded proceed VERB crl-24514 70 18 to to PART crl-24514 70 19 adapt adapt VERB crl-24514 70 20 it it PRON crl-24514 70 21 to to ADP crl-24514 70 22 the the DET crl-24514 70 23 parameters parameter NOUN crl-24514 70 24 of of ADP crl-24514 70 25 the the DET crl-24514 70 26 infomania infomania PROPN crl-24514 70 27 course course NOUN crl-24514 70 28 . . PUNCT crl-24514 71 1 in in ADP crl-24514 71 2 addition addition NOUN crl-24514 71 3 to to ADP crl-24514 71 4 aligning align VERB crl-24514 71 5 with with ADP crl-24514 71 6 the the DET crl-24514 71 7 course course NOUN crl-24514 71 8 learning learn VERB crl-24514 71 9 outcomes outcome NOUN crl-24514 71 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 71 11 the the DET crl-24514 71 12 authors author NOUN crl-24514 71 13 aimed aim VERB crl-24514 71 14 for for ADP crl-24514 71 15 the the DET crl-24514 71 16 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 71 17 to to PART crl-24514 71 18 identify identify VERB crl-24514 71 19 students student NOUN crl-24514 71 20 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 71 21 abilities ability NOUN crl-24514 71 22 and and CCONJ crl-24514 71 23 difficulties difficulty NOUN crl-24514 71 24 with with ADP crl-24514 71 25 source source NOUN crl-24514 71 26 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 71 27 at at ADP crl-24514 71 28 a a DET crl-24514 71 29 single single ADJ crl-24514 71 30 time time NOUN crl-24514 71 31 point point NOUN crl-24514 71 32 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 71 33 in in ADP crl-24514 71 34 other other ADJ crl-24514 71 35 words word NOUN crl-24514 71 36 , , PUNCT crl-24514 71 37 at at ADP crl-24514 71 38 the the DET crl-24514 71 39 beginning beginning NOUN crl-24514 71 40 of of ADP crl-24514 71 41 a a DET crl-24514 71 42 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 71 43 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 71 44 , , PUNCT crl-24514 71 45 and and CCONJ crl-24514 71 46 over over ADP crl-24514 71 47 a a DET crl-24514 71 48 period period NOUN crl-24514 71 49 between between ADP crl-24514 71 50 two two NUM crl-24514 71 51 time time NOUN crl-24514 71 52 points point NOUN crl-24514 71 53 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 71 54 that that PRON crl-24514 71 55 is be AUX crl-24514 71 56 to to PART crl-24514 71 57 say say VERB crl-24514 71 58 , , PUNCT crl-24514 71 59 over over ADP crl-24514 71 60 the the DET crl-24514 71 61 course course NOUN crl-24514 71 62 of of ADP crl-24514 71 63 a a DET crl-24514 71 64 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 71 65 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 71 66 . . PUNCT crl-24514 72 1 the the DET crl-24514 72 2 authors author NOUN crl-24514 72 3 thus thus ADV crl-24514 72 4 used use VERB crl-24514 72 5 the the DET crl-24514 72 6 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 72 7 as as ADP crl-24514 72 8 an an DET crl-24514 72 9 instrument instrument NOUN crl-24514 72 10 of of ADP crl-24514 72 11 formative formative ADJ crl-24514 72 12 and and CCONJ crl-24514 72 13 summative summative ADJ crl-24514 72 14 assessment.56 assessment.56 VERB crl-24514 72 15 the the DET crl-24514 72 16 summative summative ADJ crl-24514 72 17 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 72 18 would would AUX crl-24514 72 19 yield yield VERB crl-24514 72 20 information information NOUN crl-24514 72 21 about about ADP crl-24514 72 22 the the DET crl-24514 72 23 effectiveness effectiveness NOUN crl-24514 72 24 of of ADP crl-24514 72 25 the the DET crl-24514 72 26 course course NOUN crl-24514 72 27 to to PART crl-24514 72 28 advance advance VERB crl-24514 72 29 students student NOUN crl-24514 72 30 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 72 31 source source NOUN crl-24514 72 32 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 72 33 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-24514 72 34 and and CCONJ crl-24514 72 35 skills skill NOUN crl-24514 72 36 . . PUNCT crl-24514 73 1 the the DET crl-24514 73 2 authors author NOUN crl-24514 73 3 thus thus ADV crl-24514 73 4 identified identify VERB crl-24514 73 5 the the DET crl-24514 73 6 following follow VERB crl-24514 73 7 research research NOUN crl-24514 73 8 questions question NOUN crl-24514 73 9 : : PUNCT crl-24514 73 10 rq1 rq1 PUNCT crl-24514 73 11 : : PUNCT crl-24514 73 12 early early ADV crl-24514 73 13 in in ADP crl-24514 73 14 the the DET crl-24514 73 15 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 73 16 , , PUNCT crl-24514 73 17 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 73 18 a a X crl-24514 73 19 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 73 20 how how SCONJ crl-24514 73 21 well well ADV crl-24514 73 22 do do AUX crl-24514 73 23 students student NOUN crl-24514 73 24 identify identify VERB crl-24514 73 25 indicators indicator NOUN crl-24514 73 26 of of ADP crl-24514 73 27 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 73 28 in in ADP crl-24514 73 29 an an DET crl-24514 73 30 information information NOUN crl-24514 73 31 source source NOUN crl-24514 73 32 , , PUNCT crl-24514 73 33 and and CCONJ crl-24514 73 34 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 73 35 b b X crl-24514 73 36 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 73 37 what what DET crl-24514 73 38 indicators indicator NOUN crl-24514 73 39 of of ADP crl-24514 73 40 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 73 41 do do AUX crl-24514 73 42 they they PRON crl-24514 73 43 identify identify VERB crl-24514 73 44 ? ? PUNCT crl-24514 74 1 rq2 rq2 NOUN crl-24514 74 2 : : PUNCT crl-24514 74 3 early early ADV crl-24514 74 4 in in ADP crl-24514 74 5 the the DET crl-24514 74 6 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 74 7 , , PUNCT crl-24514 74 8 how how SCONJ crl-24514 74 9 well well ADV crl-24514 74 10 do do AUX crl-24514 74 11 students student NOUN crl-24514 74 12 argue argue VERB crl-24514 74 13 about about ADP crl-24514 74 14 the the DET crl-24514 74 15 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 74 16 of of ADP crl-24514 74 17 an an DET crl-24514 74 18 information information NOUN crl-24514 74 19 source source NOUN crl-24514 74 20 ? ? PUNCT crl-24514 75 1 rq3 rq3 X crl-24514 75 2 : : PUNCT crl-24514 75 3 late late ADV crl-24514 75 4 in in ADP crl-24514 75 5 the the DET crl-24514 75 6 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 75 7 , , PUNCT crl-24514 75 8 compared compare VERB crl-24514 75 9 to to ADP crl-24514 75 10 early early ADV crl-24514 75 11 in in ADP crl-24514 75 12 the the DET crl-24514 75 13 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 75 14 , , PUNCT crl-24514 75 15 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 75 16 a a X crl-24514 75 17 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 75 18 how how SCONJ crl-24514 75 19 well well ADV crl-24514 75 20 do do AUX crl-24514 75 21 students student NOUN crl-24514 75 22 identify identify VERB crl-24514 75 23 indicators indicator NOUN crl-24514 75 24 of of ADP crl-24514 75 25 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 75 26 in in ADP crl-24514 75 27 an an DET crl-24514 75 28 information information NOUN crl-24514 75 29 source source NOUN crl-24514 75 30 , , PUNCT crl-24514 75 31 and and CCONJ crl-24514 75 32 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 75 33 b b X crl-24514 75 34 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 75 35 what what DET crl-24514 75 36 indicators indicator NOUN crl-24514 75 37 of of ADP crl-24514 75 38 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 75 39 do do AUX crl-24514 75 40 they they PRON crl-24514 75 41 identify identify VERB crl-24514 75 42 ? ? PUNCT crl-24514 76 1 rq4 rq4 NOUN crl-24514 76 2 : : PUNCT crl-24514 76 3 late late ADV crl-24514 76 4 in in ADP crl-24514 76 5 the the DET crl-24514 76 6 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 76 7 , , PUNCT crl-24514 76 8 compared compare VERB crl-24514 76 9 to to ADP crl-24514 76 10 early early ADV crl-24514 76 11 in in ADP crl-24514 76 12 the the DET crl-24514 76 13 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 76 14 , , PUNCT crl-24514 76 15 how how SCONJ crl-24514 76 16 well well ADV crl-24514 76 17 do do AUX crl-24514 76 18 students student NOUN crl-24514 76 19 argue argue VERB crl-24514 76 20 about about ADP crl-24514 76 21 the the DET crl-24514 76 22 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 76 23 of of ADP crl-24514 76 24 an an DET crl-24514 76 25 information information NOUN crl-24514 76 26 source source NOUN crl-24514 76 27 ? ? PUNCT crl-24514 77 1 method method NOUN crl-24514 77 2 adapting adapt VERB crl-24514 77 3 the the DET crl-24514 77 4 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 77 5 daniels daniels PROPN crl-24514 77 6 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 77 7 original original ADJ crl-24514 77 8 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 77 9 consists consist VERB crl-24514 77 10 of of ADP crl-24514 77 11 evaluating evaluate VERB crl-24514 77 12 students student NOUN crl-24514 77 13 ’ ' PUNCT crl-24514 77 14 annotated annotate VERB crl-24514 77 15 bibliographies bibliography NOUN crl-24514 77 16 in in ADP crl-24514 77 17 which which PRON crl-24514 77 18 students student NOUN crl-24514 77 19 are be AUX crl-24514 77 20 expected expect VERB crl-24514 77 21 to to PART crl-24514 77 22 judge judge VERB crl-24514 77 23 the the DET crl-24514 77 24 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 77 25 of of ADP crl-24514 77 26 each each DET crl-24514 77 27 source source NOUN crl-24514 77 28 they they PRON crl-24514 77 29 list list VERB crl-24514 77 30 . . PUNCT crl-24514 78 1 each each DET crl-24514 78 2 annotation annotation NOUN crl-24514 78 3 receives receive VERB crl-24514 78 4 a a DET crl-24514 78 5 score score NOUN crl-24514 78 6 on on ADP crl-24514 78 7 a a DET crl-24514 78 8 seven seven NUM crl-24514 78 9 - - PUNCT crl-24514 78 10 point point NOUN crl-24514 78 11 rubric rubric NOUN crl-24514 78 12 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 78 13 see see VERB crl-24514 78 14 table table NOUN crl-24514 78 15 1).57 1).57 NUM crl-24514 79 1 this this DET crl-24514 79 2 article article NOUN crl-24514 79 3 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 79 4 authors author NOUN crl-24514 79 5 implemented implement VERB crl-24514 79 6 four four NUM crl-24514 79 7 modifications modification NOUN crl-24514 79 8 to to ADP crl-24514 79 9 the the DET crl-24514 79 10 original original ADJ crl-24514 79 11 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 79 12 to to PART crl-24514 79 13 address address VERB crl-24514 79 14 differences difference NOUN crl-24514 79 15 between between ADP crl-24514 79 16 its its PRON crl-24514 79 17 original original ADJ crl-24514 79 18 context context NOUN crl-24514 79 19 828 828 NUM crl-24514 79 20 college college PROPN crl-24514 79 21 & & CCONJ crl-24514 79 22 research research PROPN crl-24514 79 23 libraries library NOUN crl-24514 79 24 july july PROPN crl-24514 79 25 2020 2020 NUM crl-24514 79 26 and and CCONJ crl-24514 79 27 how how SCONJ crl-24514 79 28 it it PRON crl-24514 79 29 would would AUX crl-24514 79 30 be be AUX crl-24514 79 31 used use VERB crl-24514 79 32 in in ADP crl-24514 79 33 the the DET crl-24514 79 34 infomania infomania PROPN crl-24514 79 35 course course NOUN crl-24514 79 36 . . PUNCT crl-24514 80 1 the the DET crl-24514 80 2 first first ADJ crl-24514 80 3 modification modification NOUN crl-24514 80 4 is be AUX crl-24514 80 5 discipline discipline NOUN crl-24514 80 6 - - PUNCT crl-24514 80 7 specific specific ADJ crl-24514 80 8 . . PUNCT crl-24514 80 9 recall recall NOUN crl-24514 80 10 that that SCONJ crl-24514 80 11 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 80 12 students student NOUN crl-24514 80 13 typically typically ADV crl-24514 80 14 do do AUX crl-24514 80 15 not not PART crl-24514 80 16 produce produce VERB crl-24514 80 17 bibliographies bibliography NOUN crl-24514 80 18 but but CCONJ crl-24514 80 19 instead instead ADV crl-24514 80 20 write write VERB crl-24514 80 21 news news NOUN crl-24514 80 22 articles article NOUN crl-24514 80 23 , , PUNCT crl-24514 80 24 broadcast broadcast NOUN crl-24514 80 25 scripts script NOUN crl-24514 80 26 , , PUNCT crl-24514 80 27 or or CCONJ crl-24514 80 28 news news NOUN crl-24514 80 29 releases release NOUN crl-24514 80 30 that that PRON crl-24514 80 31 identify identify VERB crl-24514 80 32 sources source NOUN crl-24514 80 33 in in ADP crl-24514 80 34 text text NOUN crl-24514 80 35 only only ADV crl-24514 80 36 . . PUNCT crl-24514 81 1 instead instead ADV crl-24514 81 2 of of ADP crl-24514 81 3 asking ask VERB crl-24514 81 4 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 81 5 students student NOUN crl-24514 81 6 to to PART crl-24514 81 7 compile compile VERB crl-24514 81 8 annotated annotate VERB crl-24514 81 9 bibliographies bibliography NOUN crl-24514 81 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 81 11 the the DET crl-24514 81 12 revised revise VERB crl-24514 81 13 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 81 14 uses use VERB crl-24514 81 15 the the DET crl-24514 81 16 discipline discipline NOUN crl-24514 81 17 - - PUNCT crl-24514 81 18 appropriate appropriate ADJ crl-24514 81 19 strategy strategy NOUN crl-24514 81 20 of of ADP crl-24514 81 21 asking ask VERB crl-24514 81 22 students student NOUN crl-24514 81 23 to to PART crl-24514 81 24 determine determine VERB crl-24514 81 25 the the DET crl-24514 81 26 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 81 27 of of ADP crl-24514 81 28 an an DET crl-24514 81 29 article article NOUN crl-24514 81 30 as as ADP crl-24514 81 31 a a DET crl-24514 81 32 news news NOUN crl-24514 81 33 source.58 source.58 NOUN crl-24514 81 34 the the DET crl-24514 81 35 second second ADJ crl-24514 81 36 modification modification NOUN crl-24514 81 37 reflects reflect VERB crl-24514 81 38 the the DET crl-24514 81 39 authors author NOUN crl-24514 81 40 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 81 41 desire desire NOUN crl-24514 81 42 to to PART crl-24514 81 43 compare compare VERB crl-24514 81 44 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 81 45 scores score NOUN crl-24514 81 46 both both PRON crl-24514 81 47 at at ADP crl-24514 81 48 a a DET crl-24514 81 49 single single ADJ crl-24514 81 50 time time NOUN crl-24514 81 51 point point NOUN crl-24514 81 52 and and CCONJ crl-24514 81 53 between between ADP crl-24514 81 54 time time NOUN crl-24514 81 55 points point NOUN crl-24514 81 56 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 81 57 that that ADV crl-24514 81 58 is is ADV crl-24514 81 59 , , PUNCT crl-24514 81 60 beginning begin VERB crl-24514 81 61 and and CCONJ crl-24514 81 62 end end NOUN crl-24514 81 63 of of ADP crl-24514 81 64 the the DET crl-24514 81 65 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 81 66 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 81 67 . . PUNCT crl-24514 82 1 in in ADP crl-24514 82 2 the the DET crl-24514 82 3 original original ADJ crl-24514 82 4 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 82 5 , , PUNCT crl-24514 82 6 student student NOUN crl-24514 82 7 scores score NOUN crl-24514 82 8 are be AUX crl-24514 82 9 not not PART crl-24514 82 10 comparable comparable ADJ crl-24514 82 11 because because SCONJ crl-24514 82 12 each each DET crl-24514 82 13 student student NOUN crl-24514 82 14 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 82 15 annotated annotate VERB crl-24514 82 16 bibliography bibliography NOUN crl-24514 82 17 features feature VERB crl-24514 82 18 a a DET crl-24514 82 19 different different ADJ crl-24514 82 20 number number NOUN crl-24514 82 21 of of ADP crl-24514 82 22 entries entry NOUN crl-24514 82 23 and and CCONJ crl-24514 82 24 a a DET crl-24514 82 25 corresponding corresponding ADJ crl-24514 82 26 different different ADJ crl-24514 82 27 number number NOUN crl-24514 82 28 of of ADP crl-24514 82 29 scores.59 scores.59 NOUN crl-24514 82 30 this this PRON crl-24514 82 31 is be AUX crl-24514 82 32 because because SCONJ crl-24514 82 33 daniels daniels PROPN crl-24514 82 34 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 82 35 original original ADJ crl-24514 82 36 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 82 37 functions function NOUN crl-24514 82 38 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 82 39 as as ADP crl-24514 82 40 a a DET crl-24514 82 41 feedback feedback NOUN crl-24514 82 42 mechanism mechanism NOUN crl-24514 82 43 to to ADP crl-24514 82 44 students student NOUN crl-24514 82 45 … … PUNCT crl-24514 82 46 rather rather ADV crl-24514 82 47 than than ADP crl-24514 82 48 as as ADP crl-24514 82 49 a a DET crl-24514 82 50 firm firm ADJ crl-24514 82 51 grading grade VERB crl-24514 82 52 system system NOUN crl-24514 82 53 . . PUNCT crl-24514 82 54 ”60 ”60 PROPN crl-24514 83 1 to to PART crl-24514 83 2 generate generate VERB crl-24514 83 3 comparable comparable ADJ crl-24514 83 4 scores score NOUN crl-24514 83 5 , , PUNCT crl-24514 83 6 the the DET crl-24514 83 7 revised revise VERB crl-24514 83 8 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 83 9 asks ask VERB crl-24514 83 10 all all DET crl-24514 83 11 students student NOUN crl-24514 83 12 to to PART crl-24514 83 13 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 83 14 the the DET crl-24514 83 15 same same ADJ crl-24514 83 16 article article NOUN crl-24514 83 17 , , PUNCT crl-24514 83 18 which which PRON crl-24514 83 19 is be AUX crl-24514 83 20 presented present VERB crl-24514 83 21 in in ADP crl-24514 83 22 the the DET crl-24514 83 23 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 83 24 prompt prompt NOUN crl-24514 83 25 . . PUNCT crl-24514 84 1 instead instead ADV crl-24514 84 2 of of ADP crl-24514 84 3 evaluating evaluate VERB crl-24514 84 4 a a DET crl-24514 84 5 variable variable ADJ crl-24514 84 6 number number NOUN crl-24514 84 7 of of ADP crl-24514 84 8 bibliography bibliography NOUN crl-24514 84 9 sources source NOUN crl-24514 84 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 84 11 as as SCONJ crl-24514 84 12 called call VERB crl-24514 84 13 for for ADP crl-24514 84 14 in in ADP crl-24514 84 15 the the DET crl-24514 84 16 original original ADJ crl-24514 84 17 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 84 18 , , PUNCT crl-24514 84 19 students student NOUN crl-24514 84 20 in in ADP crl-24514 84 21 the the DET crl-24514 84 22 revised revise VERB crl-24514 84 23 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 84 24 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 84 25 only only ADV crl-24514 84 26 one one NUM crl-24514 84 27 article article NOUN crl-24514 84 28 . . PUNCT crl-24514 85 1 the the DET crl-24514 85 2 next next ADJ crl-24514 85 3 modification modification NOUN crl-24514 85 4 was be AUX crl-24514 85 5 motivated motivate VERB crl-24514 85 6 by by ADP crl-24514 85 7 the the DET crl-24514 85 8 need need NOUN crl-24514 85 9 for for ADP crl-24514 85 10 different different ADJ crl-24514 85 11 raters rater NOUN crl-24514 85 12 to to PART crl-24514 85 13 score score VERB crl-24514 85 14 students student NOUN crl-24514 85 15 ’ ' PUNCT crl-24514 85 16 work work NOUN crl-24514 85 17 with with ADP crl-24514 85 18 consistency consistency NOUN crl-24514 85 19 . . PUNCT crl-24514 86 1 if if SCONJ crl-24514 86 2 the the DET crl-24514 86 3 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 86 4 was be AUX crl-24514 86 5 to to PART crl-24514 86 6 be be AUX crl-24514 86 7 used use VERB crl-24514 86 8 in in ADP crl-24514 86 9 the the DET crl-24514 86 10 infomania infomania PROPN crl-24514 86 11 course course NOUN crl-24514 86 12 over over ADP crl-24514 86 13 successive successive ADJ crl-24514 86 14 semesters semester NOUN crl-24514 86 15 , , PUNCT crl-24514 86 16 it it PRON crl-24514 86 17 needed need VERB crl-24514 86 18 to to PART crl-24514 86 19 be be AUX crl-24514 86 20 replicable replicable ADJ crl-24514 86 21 by by ADP crl-24514 86 22 the the DET crl-24514 86 23 instructors instructor NOUN crl-24514 86 24 assigned assign VERB crl-24514 86 25 to to ADP crl-24514 86 26 the the DET crl-24514 86 27 course course NOUN crl-24514 86 28 . . PUNCT crl-24514 87 1 the the DET crl-24514 87 2 rating rating NOUN crl-24514 87 3 criteria criterion NOUN crl-24514 87 4 were be AUX crl-24514 87 5 simplified simplify VERB crl-24514 87 6 to to PART crl-24514 87 7 help help VERB crl-24514 87 8 each each DET crl-24514 87 9 independent independent ADJ crl-24514 87 10 rater rater NOUN crl-24514 87 11 apply apply VERB crl-24514 87 12 the the DET crl-24514 87 13 scoring scoring NOUN crl-24514 87 14 criteria criterion NOUN crl-24514 87 15 the the DET crl-24514 87 16 same same ADJ crl-24514 87 17 way way NOUN crl-24514 87 18 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 87 19 that that ADV crl-24514 87 20 is is ADV crl-24514 87 21 , , PUNCT crl-24514 87 22 to to PART crl-24514 87 23 increase increase VERB crl-24514 87 24 the the DET crl-24514 87 25 criteria criterion NOUN crl-24514 87 26 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 87 27 reliability).61 reliability).61 NOUN crl-24514 87 28 the the DET crl-24514 87 29 original original ADJ crl-24514 87 30 scoring scoring NOUN crl-24514 87 31 scheme scheme NOUN crl-24514 87 32 was be AUX crl-24514 87 33 first first ADV crl-24514 87 34 divided divide VERB crl-24514 87 35 into into ADP crl-24514 87 36 two two NUM crl-24514 87 37 dimensions dimension NOUN crl-24514 87 38 : : PUNCT crl-24514 87 39 breadth breadth NOUN crl-24514 87 40 and and CCONJ crl-24514 87 41 depth depth NOUN crl-24514 87 42 . . PUNCT crl-24514 88 1 scoring score VERB crl-24514 88 2 a a DET crl-24514 88 3 student student NOUN crl-24514 88 4 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 88 5 response response NOUN crl-24514 88 6 in in ADP crl-24514 88 7 the the DET crl-24514 88 8 revised revise VERB crl-24514 88 9 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 88 10 proceeds proceed NOUN crl-24514 88 11 as as SCONJ crl-24514 88 12 follows follow VERB crl-24514 88 13 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 88 14 see see VERB crl-24514 88 15 figure figure NOUN crl-24514 88 16 1 1 NUM crl-24514 88 17 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 88 18 . . PUNCT crl-24514 89 1 a a DET crl-24514 89 2 rater rater NOUN crl-24514 89 3 first first ADV crl-24514 89 4 identifies identifie NOUN crl-24514 89 5 if if SCONJ crl-24514 89 6 a a DET crl-24514 89 7 student student NOUN crl-24514 89 8 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 89 9 response response NOUN crl-24514 89 10 contains contain VERB crl-24514 89 11 any any DET crl-24514 89 12 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 89 13 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 89 14 . . PUNCT crl-24514 90 1 recall recall VERB crl-24514 90 2 that that SCONJ crl-24514 90 3 a a DET crl-24514 90 4 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 90 5 cue cue NOUN crl-24514 90 6 is be AUX crl-24514 90 7 any any DET crl-24514 90 8 element element NOUN crl-24514 90 9 of of ADP crl-24514 90 10 an an DET crl-24514 90 11 information information NOUN crl-24514 90 12 source source NOUN crl-24514 90 13 that that PRON crl-24514 90 14 indicates indicate VERB crl-24514 90 15 whether whether SCONJ crl-24514 90 16 or or CCONJ crl-24514 90 17 not not PART crl-24514 90 18 the the DET crl-24514 90 19 information information NOUN crl-24514 90 20 source source NOUN crl-24514 90 21 is be AUX crl-24514 90 22 credible credible ADJ crl-24514 90 23 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 90 24 such such ADJ crl-24514 90 25 as as ADP crl-24514 90 26 publisher publisher NOUN crl-24514 90 27 , , PUNCT crl-24514 90 28 author author NOUN crl-24514 90 29 , , PUNCT crl-24514 90 30 date date NOUN crl-24514 90 31 , , PUNCT crl-24514 90 32 or or CCONJ crl-24514 90 33 sources source NOUN crl-24514 90 34 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 90 35 . . PUNCT crl-24514 91 1 the the DET crl-24514 91 2 rater rater NOUN crl-24514 91 3 assigns assign VERB crl-24514 91 4 a a DET crl-24514 91 5 breadth breadth NOUN crl-24514 91 6 score score NOUN crl-24514 91 7 , , PUNCT crl-24514 91 8 representing represent VERB crl-24514 91 9 the the DET crl-24514 91 10 number number NOUN crl-24514 91 11 of of ADP crl-24514 91 12 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 91 13 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 91 14 in in ADP crl-24514 91 15 the the DET crl-24514 91 16 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 91 17 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 91 18 range range NOUN crl-24514 91 19 : : PUNCT crl-24514 91 20 0 0 NUM crl-24514 91 21 to to PART crl-24514 91 22 n n ADP crl-24514 91 23 , , PUNCT crl-24514 91 24 where where SCONJ crl-24514 91 25 n n ADV crl-24514 91 26 is be AUX crl-24514 91 27 the the DET crl-24514 91 28 number number NOUN crl-24514 91 29 of of ADP crl-24514 91 30 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 91 31 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 91 32 identified identify VERB crl-24514 91 33 in in ADP crl-24514 91 34 the the DET crl-24514 91 35 response response NOUN crl-24514 91 36 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 91 37 . . PUNCT crl-24514 92 1 if if SCONJ crl-24514 92 2 the the DET crl-24514 92 3 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 92 4 does do AUX crl-24514 92 5 not not PART crl-24514 92 6 identify identify VERB crl-24514 92 7 any any DET crl-24514 92 8 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 92 9 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 92 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 92 11 the the DET crl-24514 92 12 breadth breadth NOUN crl-24514 92 13 score score NOUN crl-24514 92 14 is be AUX crl-24514 92 15 0 0 NUM crl-24514 92 16 , , PUNCT crl-24514 92 17 and and CCONJ crl-24514 92 18 the the DET crl-24514 92 19 depth depth NOUN crl-24514 92 20 dimension dimension NOUN crl-24514 92 21 is be AUX crl-24514 92 22 not not PART crl-24514 92 23 scored score VERB crl-24514 92 24 . . PUNCT crl-24514 93 1 table table NOUN crl-24514 93 2 1 1 NUM crl-24514 93 3 levels level NOUN crl-24514 93 4 and and CCONJ crl-24514 93 5 definitions definition NOUN crl-24514 93 6 of of ADP crl-24514 93 7 erin erin PROPN crl-24514 93 8 daniels daniels PROPN crl-24514 93 9 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 93 10 original original ADJ crl-24514 93 11 seven seven NUM crl-24514 93 12 - - PUNCT crl-24514 93 13 point point NOUN crl-24514 93 14 scoring scoring NOUN crl-24514 93 15 criteria criterion NOUN crl-24514 93 16 level level NOUN crl-24514 93 17 definition definition NOUN crl-24514 93 18 1 1 NUM crl-24514 93 19 does do AUX crl-24514 93 20 not not PART crl-24514 93 21 address address VERB crl-24514 93 22 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 93 23 at at ADV crl-24514 93 24 all all ADV crl-24514 93 25 . . PUNCT crl-24514 94 1 2 2 NUM crl-24514 94 2 uses use VERB crl-24514 94 3 terms term NOUN crl-24514 94 4 related relate VERB crl-24514 94 5 to to ADP crl-24514 94 6 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 94 7 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 94 8 such such ADJ crl-24514 94 9 as as ADP crl-24514 94 10 reliable reliable ADJ crl-24514 94 11 , , PUNCT crl-24514 94 12 biased biased ADJ crl-24514 94 13 , , PUNCT crl-24514 94 14 and and CCONJ crl-24514 94 15 so so ADV crl-24514 94 16 on on ADV crl-24514 94 17 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 94 18 , , PUNCT crl-24514 94 19 but but CCONJ crl-24514 94 20 the the DET crl-24514 94 21 usage usage NOUN crl-24514 94 22 does do AUX crl-24514 94 23 not not PART crl-24514 94 24 make make VERB crl-24514 94 25 sense sense NOUN crl-24514 94 26 . . PUNCT crl-24514 95 1 3 3 NUM crl-24514 95 2 does do AUX crl-24514 95 3 not not PART crl-24514 95 4 identify identify VERB crl-24514 95 5 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 95 6 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 95 7 , , PUNCT crl-24514 95 8 but but CCONJ crl-24514 95 9 still still ADV crl-24514 95 10 attempts attempt VERB crl-24514 95 11 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 95 12 of of ADP crl-24514 95 13 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 95 14 . . PUNCT crl-24514 96 1 4 4 NUM crl-24514 96 2 identifies identifie NOUN crl-24514 96 3 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 96 4 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 96 5 , , PUNCT crl-24514 96 6 but but CCONJ crl-24514 96 7 does do AUX crl-24514 96 8 not not PART crl-24514 96 9 attempt attempt VERB crl-24514 96 10 interpretation interpretation NOUN crl-24514 96 11 of of ADP crl-24514 96 12 those those DET crl-24514 96 13 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 96 14 . . PUNCT crl-24514 97 1 5 5 NUM crl-24514 97 2 identifies identifie NOUN crl-24514 97 3 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 97 4 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 97 5 , , PUNCT crl-24514 97 6 but but CCONJ crl-24514 97 7 makes make VERB crl-24514 97 8 generic generic ADJ crl-24514 97 9 assessments assessment NOUN crl-24514 97 10 of of ADP crl-24514 97 11 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 97 12 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 97 13 as as SCONJ crl-24514 97 14 opposed oppose VERB crl-24514 97 15 to to ADP crl-24514 97 16 interpretation interpretation NOUN crl-24514 97 17 of of ADP crl-24514 97 18 specific specific ADJ crl-24514 97 19 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 97 20 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 97 21 . . PUNCT crl-24514 98 1 6 6 NUM crl-24514 98 2 identifies identifie NOUN crl-24514 98 3 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 98 4 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 98 5 and and CCONJ crl-24514 98 6 attempts attempt VERB crl-24514 98 7 specific specific ADJ crl-24514 98 8 interpretation interpretation NOUN crl-24514 98 9 of of ADP crl-24514 98 10 those those DET crl-24514 98 11 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 98 12 . . PUNCT crl-24514 99 1 7 7 NUM crl-24514 99 2 identifies identifie NOUN crl-24514 99 3 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 99 4 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 99 5 , , PUNCT crl-24514 99 6 interprets interpret VERB crl-24514 99 7 those those DET crl-24514 99 8 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 99 9 , , PUNCT crl-24514 99 10 including include VERB crl-24514 99 11 how how SCONJ crl-24514 99 12 the the DET crl-24514 99 13 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 99 14 affect affect VERB crl-24514 99 15 their their PRON crl-24514 99 16 understanding understanding NOUN crl-24514 99 17 of of ADP crl-24514 99 18 the the DET crl-24514 99 19 information information NOUN crl-24514 99 20 source source NOUN crl-24514 99 21 within within ADP crl-24514 99 22 the the DET crl-24514 99 23 context context NOUN crl-24514 99 24 of of ADP crl-24514 99 25 the the DET crl-24514 99 26 topic topic NOUN crl-24514 99 27 being be AUX crl-24514 99 28 researched research VERB crl-24514 99 29 . . PUNCT crl-24514 100 1 news news NOUN crl-24514 100 2 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 100 3 829 829 NUM crl-24514 100 4 if if SCONJ crl-24514 100 5 the the DET crl-24514 100 6 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 100 7 does do AUX crl-24514 100 8 contain contain VERB crl-24514 100 9 one one NUM crl-24514 100 10 or or CCONJ crl-24514 100 11 more more ADJ crl-24514 100 12 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 100 13 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 100 14 , , PUNCT crl-24514 100 15 the the DET crl-24514 100 16 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 100 17 receives receive VERB crl-24514 100 18 a a DET crl-24514 100 19 score score NOUN crl-24514 100 20 on on ADP crl-24514 100 21 the the DET crl-24514 100 22 depth depth NOUN crl-24514 100 23 dimension dimension NOUN crl-24514 100 24 for for ADP crl-24514 100 25 each each DET crl-24514 100 26 identified identify VERB crl-24514 100 27 cue cue NOUN crl-24514 100 28 . . PUNCT crl-24514 101 1 depth depth NOUN crl-24514 101 2 is be AUX crl-24514 101 3 scored score VERB crl-24514 101 4 using use VERB crl-24514 101 5 a a DET crl-24514 101 6 three three NUM crl-24514 101 7 - - PUNCT crl-24514 101 8 point point NOUN crl-24514 101 9 scale scale NOUN crl-24514 101 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 101 11 which which PRON crl-24514 101 12 was be AUX crl-24514 101 13 derived derive VERB crl-24514 101 14 from from ADP crl-24514 101 15 the the DET crl-24514 101 16 original original ADJ crl-24514 101 17 seven seven NUM crl-24514 101 18 - - PUNCT crl-24514 101 19 point point NOUN crl-24514 101 20 scale scale NOUN crl-24514 101 21 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 101 22 see see VERB crl-24514 101 23 table table NOUN crl-24514 101 24 1 1 NUM crl-24514 101 25 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 101 26 , , PUNCT crl-24514 101 27 using use VERB crl-24514 101 28 a a DET crl-24514 101 29 survey survey NOUN crl-24514 101 30 design design NOUN crl-24514 101 31 best good ADJ crl-24514 101 32 practice practice NOUN crl-24514 101 33 of of ADP crl-24514 101 34 asking ask VERB crl-24514 101 35 about about ADP crl-24514 101 36 only only ADV crl-24514 101 37 one one NUM crl-24514 101 38 concept concept NOUN crl-24514 101 39 per per ADP crl-24514 101 40 question.62 question.62 NOUN crl-24514 101 41 the the DET crl-24514 101 42 depth depth NOUN crl-24514 101 43 score score NOUN crl-24514 101 44 criteria criterion NOUN crl-24514 101 45 are be AUX crl-24514 101 46 as as SCONJ crl-24514 101 47 follows follow VERB crl-24514 101 48 : : PUNCT crl-24514 101 49 • • VERB crl-24514 101 50 1 1 NUM crl-24514 101 51 means mean VERB crl-24514 101 52 that that SCONJ crl-24514 101 53 the the DET crl-24514 101 54 cue cue NOUN crl-24514 101 55 is be AUX crl-24514 101 56 identified identify VERB crl-24514 101 57 in in ADP crl-24514 101 58 the the DET crl-24514 101 59 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 101 60 , , PUNCT crl-24514 101 61 but but CCONJ crl-24514 101 62 that that SCONJ crl-24514 101 63 there there PRON crl-24514 101 64 is be VERB crl-24514 101 65 no no DET crl-24514 101 66 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 101 67 argument argument NOUN crl-24514 101 68 associated associate VERB crl-24514 101 69 with with ADP crl-24514 101 70 it it PRON crl-24514 101 71 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 101 72 this this PRON crl-24514 101 73 corresponds correspond VERB crl-24514 101 74 to to ADP crl-24514 101 75 4 4 NUM crl-24514 101 76 in in ADP crl-24514 101 77 the the DET crl-24514 101 78 original original ADJ crl-24514 101 79 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 101 80 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 101 81 • • VERB crl-24514 102 1 2 2 NUM crl-24514 102 2 means mean VERB crl-24514 102 3 that that SCONJ crl-24514 102 4 a a DET crl-24514 102 5 cue cue NOUN crl-24514 102 6 is be AUX crl-24514 102 7 used use VERB crl-24514 102 8 to to PART crl-24514 102 9 articulate articulate VERB crl-24514 102 10 an an DET crl-24514 102 11 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 102 12 argument argument NOUN crl-24514 102 13 , , PUNCT crl-24514 102 14 but but CCONJ crl-24514 102 15 no no DET crl-24514 102 16 evidence evidence NOUN crl-24514 102 17 is be AUX crl-24514 102 18 provided provide VERB crl-24514 102 19 to to PART crl-24514 102 20 support support VERB crl-24514 102 21 this this DET crl-24514 102 22 argument argument NOUN crl-24514 102 23 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 102 24 this this PRON crl-24514 102 25 corresponds correspond VERB crl-24514 102 26 to to ADP crl-24514 102 27 5 5 NUM crl-24514 102 28 in in ADP crl-24514 102 29 the the DET crl-24514 102 30 original original ADJ crl-24514 102 31 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 102 32 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 102 33 • • VERB crl-24514 102 34 3 3 NUM crl-24514 102 35 means mean VERB crl-24514 102 36 that that SCONJ crl-24514 102 37 a a DET crl-24514 102 38 cue cue NOUN crl-24514 102 39 is be AUX crl-24514 102 40 used use VERB crl-24514 102 41 to to PART crl-24514 102 42 articulate articulate VERB crl-24514 102 43 an an DET crl-24514 102 44 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 102 45 argument argument NOUN crl-24514 102 46 , , PUNCT crl-24514 102 47 and and CCONJ crl-24514 102 48 evidence evidence NOUN crl-24514 102 49 is be AUX crl-24514 102 50 presented present VERB crl-24514 102 51 that that PRON crl-24514 102 52 supports support VERB crl-24514 102 53 this this DET crl-24514 102 54 argument argument NOUN crl-24514 102 55 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 102 56 this this PRON crl-24514 102 57 corresponds correspond VERB crl-24514 102 58 to to ADP crl-24514 102 59 6 6 NUM crl-24514 102 60 in in ADP crl-24514 102 61 the the DET crl-24514 102 62 original original ADJ crl-24514 102 63 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 102 64 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 102 65 for for ADP crl-24514 102 66 reliability reliability NOUN crl-24514 102 67 and and CCONJ crl-24514 102 68 redundancy redundancy NOUN crl-24514 102 69 reasons reason NOUN crl-24514 102 70 , , PUNCT crl-24514 102 71 the the DET crl-24514 102 72 revised revise VERB crl-24514 102 73 rubric rubric NOUN crl-24514 102 74 omits omit VERB crl-24514 102 75 the the DET crl-24514 102 76 original original ADJ crl-24514 102 77 rubric rubric NOUN crl-24514 102 78 ’s ’s NUM crl-24514 102 79 last last ADJ crl-24514 102 80 level.63 level.63 PROPN crl-24514 102 81 see see VERB crl-24514 102 82 table table NOUN crl-24514 102 83 2 2 NUM crl-24514 102 84 for for ADP crl-24514 102 85 examples example NOUN crl-24514 102 86 of of ADP crl-24514 102 87 statements statement NOUN crl-24514 102 88 scored score VERB crl-24514 102 89 at at ADP crl-24514 102 90 each each PRON crl-24514 102 91 of of ADP crl-24514 102 92 the the DET crl-24514 102 93 three three NUM crl-24514 102 94 levels level NOUN crl-24514 102 95 of of ADP crl-24514 102 96 depth depth NOUN crl-24514 102 97 . . PUNCT crl-24514 103 1 the the DET crl-24514 103 2 last last ADJ crl-24514 103 3 modification modification NOUN crl-24514 103 4 concerns concern VERB crl-24514 103 5 the the DET crl-24514 103 6 scores score NOUN crl-24514 103 7 that that PRON crl-24514 103 8 each each DET crl-24514 103 9 student student NOUN crl-24514 103 10 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 103 11 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 103 12 receives receive VERB crl-24514 103 13 . . PUNCT crl-24514 104 1 in in ADP crl-24514 104 2 the the DET crl-24514 104 3 original original ADJ crl-24514 104 4 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 104 5 , , PUNCT crl-24514 104 6 each each DET crl-24514 104 7 source source NOUN crl-24514 104 8 in in ADP crl-24514 104 9 a a DET crl-24514 104 10 student student NOUN crl-24514 104 11 ’s ’s NOUN crl-24514 104 12 bibliography bibliography NOUN crl-24514 104 13 receives receive VERB crl-24514 104 14 one one NUM crl-24514 104 15 score score NOUN crl-24514 104 16 , , PUNCT crl-24514 104 17 regardless regardless ADV crl-24514 104 18 of of ADP crl-24514 104 19 how how SCONJ crl-24514 104 20 many many ADJ crl-24514 104 21 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 104 22 cues cue VERB crl-24514 104 23 a a DET crl-24514 104 24 student student NOUN crl-24514 104 25 articulates articulate VERB crl-24514 104 26 for for ADP crl-24514 104 27 that that DET crl-24514 104 28 source source NOUN crl-24514 104 29 . . PUNCT crl-24514 105 1 this this DET crl-24514 105 2 procedure procedure NOUN crl-24514 105 3 potentially potentially ADV crl-24514 105 4 masks mask VERB crl-24514 105 5 information information NOUN crl-24514 105 6 when when SCONJ crl-24514 105 7 a a DET crl-24514 105 8 student student NOUN crl-24514 105 9 considers consider VERB crl-24514 105 10 more more ADJ crl-24514 105 11 than than ADP crl-24514 105 12 one one NUM crl-24514 105 13 indicator indicator NOUN crl-24514 105 14 of of ADP crl-24514 105 15 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 105 16 for for ADP crl-24514 105 17 an an DET crl-24514 105 18 information information NOUN crl-24514 105 19 source source NOUN crl-24514 105 20 . . PUNCT crl-24514 106 1 in in ADP crl-24514 106 2 the the DET crl-24514 106 3 original original ADJ crl-24514 106 4 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 106 5 , , PUNCT crl-24514 106 6 students student NOUN crl-24514 106 7 also also ADV crl-24514 106 8 receive receive VERB crl-24514 106 9 as as ADV crl-24514 106 10 many many ADJ crl-24514 106 11 scores score NOUN crl-24514 106 12 as as SCONJ crl-24514 106 13 they they PRON crl-24514 106 14 have have VERB crl-24514 106 15 annotations annotation NOUN crl-24514 106 16 in in ADP crl-24514 106 17 their their PRON crl-24514 106 18 bibliographies bibliography NOUN crl-24514 106 19 . . PUNCT crl-24514 107 1 in in ADP crl-24514 107 2 the the DET crl-24514 107 3 revised revised ADJ crl-24514 107 4 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 107 5 , , PUNCT crl-24514 107 6 students student NOUN crl-24514 107 7 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 107 8 only only ADV crl-24514 107 9 one one NUM crl-24514 107 10 source source NOUN crl-24514 107 11 , , PUNCT crl-24514 107 12 which which PRON crl-24514 107 13 is be AUX crl-24514 107 14 equivalent equivalent ADJ crl-24514 107 15 to to ADP crl-24514 107 16 one one NUM crl-24514 107 17 annotation annotation NOUN crl-24514 107 18 in in ADP crl-24514 107 19 an an DET crl-24514 107 20 annotated annotated ADJ crl-24514 107 21 bibliography bibliography NOUN crl-24514 107 22 . . PUNCT crl-24514 108 1 for for ADP crl-24514 108 2 this this DET crl-24514 108 3 one one NUM crl-24514 108 4 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 108 5 , , PUNCT crl-24514 108 6 however however ADV crl-24514 108 7 , , PUNCT crl-24514 108 8 a a DET crl-24514 108 9 student student NOUN crl-24514 108 10 receives receive VERB crl-24514 108 11 two two NUM crl-24514 108 12 scores score NOUN crl-24514 108 13 : : PUNCT crl-24514 108 14 a a DET crl-24514 108 15 breadth breadth NOUN crl-24514 108 16 score score NOUN crl-24514 108 17 , , PUNCT crl-24514 108 18 which which PRON crl-24514 108 19 shows show VERB crl-24514 108 20 how how SCONJ crl-24514 108 21 many many ADJ crl-24514 108 22 indicators indicator NOUN crl-24514 108 23 of of ADP crl-24514 108 24 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 108 25 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 108 26 that that PRON crl-24514 108 27 is be AUX crl-24514 108 28 to to PART crl-24514 108 29 say say VERB crl-24514 108 30 , , PUNCT crl-24514 108 31 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 108 32 cues cue VERB crl-24514 108 33 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 108 34 they they PRON crl-24514 108 35 consider consider VERB crl-24514 108 36 in in ADP crl-24514 108 37 their their PRON crl-24514 108 38 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 108 39 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 108 40 and and CCONJ crl-24514 108 41 a a DET crl-24514 108 42 depth depth NOUN crl-24514 108 43 score score NOUN crl-24514 108 44 , , PUNCT crl-24514 108 45 indicating indicate VERB crl-24514 108 46 how how SCONJ crl-24514 108 47 much much ADJ crl-24514 108 48 evidence evidence NOUN crl-24514 108 49 they they PRON crl-24514 108 50 use use VERB crl-24514 108 51 in in ADP crl-24514 108 52 their their PRON crl-24514 108 53 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 108 54 . . PUNCT crl-24514 109 1 each each DET crl-24514 109 2 student student NOUN crl-24514 109 3 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 109 4 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 109 5 generally generally ADV crl-24514 109 6 receives receive VERB crl-24514 109 7 one one NUM crl-24514 109 8 breadth breadth NOUN crl-24514 109 9 score score NOUN crl-24514 109 10 and and CCONJ crl-24514 109 11 several several ADJ crl-24514 109 12 depth depth NOUN crl-24514 109 13 scores score NOUN crl-24514 109 14 . . PUNCT crl-24514 110 1 the the DET crl-24514 110 2 depth depth NOUN crl-24514 110 3 scores score NOUN crl-24514 110 4 can can AUX crl-24514 110 5 be be AUX crl-24514 110 6 averaged average VERB crl-24514 110 7 for for ADP crl-24514 110 8 analysis analysis NOUN crl-24514 110 9 purposes purpose NOUN crl-24514 110 10 . . PUNCT crl-24514 111 1 figure figure VERB crl-24514 111 2 1 1 NUM crl-24514 111 3 illustration illustration NOUN crl-24514 111 4 of of ADP crl-24514 111 5 the the DET crl-24514 111 6 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 111 7 coding code VERB crl-24514 111 8 scheme scheme NOUN crl-24514 111 9 , , PUNCT crl-24514 111 10 showing show VERB crl-24514 111 11 the the DET crl-24514 111 12 range range NOUN crl-24514 111 13 of of ADP crl-24514 111 14 possible possible ADJ crl-24514 111 15 breadth breadth NOUN crl-24514 111 16 and and CCONJ crl-24514 111 17 depth depth NOUN crl-24514 111 18 scores score NOUN crl-24514 111 19 for for ADP crl-24514 111 20 each each DET crl-24514 111 21 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 111 22 cue cue NOUN crl-24514 111 23 830 830 NUM crl-24514 111 24 college college PROPN crl-24514 111 25 & & CCONJ crl-24514 111 26 research research PROPN crl-24514 111 27 libraries library NOUN crl-24514 111 28 july july PROPN crl-24514 111 29 2020 2020 NUM crl-24514 111 30 sample sample NOUN crl-24514 111 31 having having AUX crl-24514 111 32 modified modify VERB crl-24514 111 33 the the DET crl-24514 111 34 original original ADJ crl-24514 111 35 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 111 36 to to PART crl-24514 111 37 fit fit VERB crl-24514 111 38 the the DET crl-24514 111 39 needs need NOUN crl-24514 111 40 and and CCONJ crl-24514 111 41 goals goal NOUN crl-24514 111 42 of of ADP crl-24514 111 43 the the DET crl-24514 111 44 course course NOUN crl-24514 111 45 , , PUNCT crl-24514 111 46 the the DET crl-24514 111 47 authors author NOUN crl-24514 111 48 used use VERB crl-24514 111 49 the the DET crl-24514 111 50 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 111 51 as as ADP crl-24514 111 52 an an DET crl-24514 111 53 in in ADP crl-24514 111 54 - - PUNCT crl-24514 111 55 class class NOUN crl-24514 111 56 activity activity NOUN crl-24514 111 57 at at ADP crl-24514 111 58 two two NUM crl-24514 111 59 time time NOUN crl-24514 111 60 points point NOUN crl-24514 111 61 during during ADP crl-24514 111 62 the the DET crl-24514 111 63 same same ADJ crl-24514 111 64 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 111 65 to to PART crl-24514 111 66 address address VERB crl-24514 111 67 this this DET crl-24514 111 68 project project NOUN crl-24514 111 69 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 111 70 research research NOUN crl-24514 111 71 questions question NOUN crl-24514 111 72 . . PUNCT crl-24514 112 1 the the DET crl-24514 112 2 initial initial ADJ crl-24514 112 3 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 112 4 took take VERB crl-24514 112 5 place place NOUN crl-24514 112 6 in in ADP crl-24514 112 7 the the DET crl-24514 112 8 second second ADJ crl-24514 112 9 week week NOUN crl-24514 112 10 of of ADP crl-24514 112 11 the the DET crl-24514 112 12 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 112 13 , , PUNCT crl-24514 112 14 before before SCONJ crl-24514 112 15 instruction instruction NOUN crl-24514 112 16 on on ADP crl-24514 112 17 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 112 18 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 112 19 began begin VERB crl-24514 112 20 . . PUNCT crl-24514 113 1 the the DET crl-24514 113 2 end end NOUN crl-24514 113 3 - - PUNCT crl-24514 113 4 of of ADP crl-24514 113 5 - - PUNCT crl-24514 113 6 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 113 7 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 113 8 took take VERB crl-24514 113 9 place place NOUN crl-24514 113 10 during during ADP crl-24514 113 11 the the DET crl-24514 113 12 last last ADJ crl-24514 113 13 week week NOUN crl-24514 113 14 of of ADP crl-24514 113 15 class class NOUN crl-24514 113 16 . . PUNCT crl-24514 114 1 a a DET crl-24514 114 2 total total NOUN crl-24514 114 3 of of ADP crl-24514 114 4 152 152 NUM crl-24514 114 5 students student NOUN crl-24514 114 6 , , PUNCT crl-24514 114 7 out out ADP crl-24514 114 8 of of ADP crl-24514 114 9 164 164 NUM crl-24514 114 10 enrolled enrol VERB crl-24514 114 11 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 114 12 93 93 NUM crl-24514 114 13 % % NOUN crl-24514 114 14 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 114 15 , , PUNCT crl-24514 114 16 completed complete VERB crl-24514 114 17 the the DET crl-24514 114 18 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 114 19 at at ADP crl-24514 114 20 both both DET crl-24514 114 21 time time NOUN crl-24514 114 22 points point NOUN crl-24514 114 23 . . PUNCT crl-24514 115 1 these these DET crl-24514 115 2 students student NOUN crl-24514 115 3 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 115 4 classifications classification NOUN crl-24514 115 5 ranged range VERB crl-24514 115 6 from from ADP crl-24514 115 7 sophomore sophomore NOUN crl-24514 115 8 to to ADP crl-24514 115 9 senior senior ADJ crl-24514 115 10 . . PUNCT crl-24514 115 11 procedure procedure NOUN crl-24514 115 12 and and CCONJ crl-24514 115 13 materials material NOUN crl-24514 115 14 the the DET crl-24514 115 15 authors author NOUN crl-24514 115 16 introduced introduce VERB crl-24514 115 17 the the DET crl-24514 115 18 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 115 19 to to ADP crl-24514 115 20 students student NOUN crl-24514 115 21 in in ADP crl-24514 115 22 the the DET crl-24514 115 23 course course NOUN crl-24514 115 24 of of ADP crl-24514 115 25 a a DET crl-24514 115 26 regular regular ADJ crl-24514 115 27 class class NOUN crl-24514 115 28 meeting meeting NOUN crl-24514 115 29 . . PUNCT crl-24514 116 1 students student NOUN crl-24514 116 2 completed complete VERB crl-24514 116 3 the the DET crl-24514 116 4 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 116 5 for for ADP crl-24514 116 6 class class NOUN crl-24514 116 7 credit credit NOUN crl-24514 116 8 , , PUNCT crl-24514 116 9 and and CCONJ crl-24514 116 10 were be AUX crl-24514 116 11 given give VERB crl-24514 116 12 the the DET crl-24514 116 13 option option NOUN crl-24514 116 14 to to PART crl-24514 116 15 participate participate VERB crl-24514 116 16 in in ADP crl-24514 116 17 the the DET crl-24514 116 18 research research NOUN crl-24514 116 19 study study NOUN crl-24514 116 20 for for ADP crl-24514 116 21 extra extra ADJ crl-24514 116 22 credit credit NOUN crl-24514 116 23 . . PUNCT crl-24514 117 1 research research NOUN crl-24514 117 2 participation participation NOUN crl-24514 117 3 consisted consist VERB crl-24514 117 4 of of ADP crl-24514 117 5 allowing allow VERB crl-24514 117 6 researchers researcher NOUN crl-24514 117 7 to to PART crl-24514 117 8 access access VERB crl-24514 117 9 and and CCONJ crl-24514 117 10 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 117 11 the the DET crl-24514 117 12 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 117 13 assignment assignment NOUN crl-24514 117 14 . . PUNCT crl-24514 118 1 these these DET crl-24514 118 2 procedures procedure NOUN crl-24514 118 3 were be AUX crl-24514 118 4 approved approve VERB crl-24514 118 5 by by ADP crl-24514 118 6 the the DET crl-24514 118 7 university university NOUN crl-24514 118 8 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 118 9 human human ADJ crl-24514 118 10 subjects subject NOUN crl-24514 118 11 protection protection NOUN crl-24514 118 12 program program NOUN crl-24514 118 13 . . PUNCT crl-24514 119 1 all all PRON crl-24514 119 2 but but SCONJ crl-24514 119 3 two two NUM crl-24514 119 4 students student NOUN crl-24514 119 5 in in ADP crl-24514 119 6 the the DET crl-24514 119 7 course course NOUN crl-24514 119 8 consented consent VERB crl-24514 119 9 to to PART crl-24514 119 10 participate participate VERB crl-24514 119 11 in in ADP crl-24514 119 12 the the DET crl-24514 119 13 study study NOUN crl-24514 119 14 . . PUNCT crl-24514 120 1 using use VERB crl-24514 120 2 the the DET crl-24514 120 3 qualtrics qualtric NOUN crl-24514 120 4 online online ADJ crl-24514 120 5 platform platform NOUN crl-24514 120 6 , , PUNCT crl-24514 120 7 students student NOUN crl-24514 120 8 were be AUX crl-24514 120 9 presented present VERB crl-24514 120 10 with with ADP crl-24514 120 11 a a DET crl-24514 120 12 news news NOUN crl-24514 120 13 article article NOUN crl-24514 120 14 and and CCONJ crl-24514 120 15 asked ask VERB crl-24514 120 16 to to PART crl-24514 120 17 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 120 18 its its PRON crl-24514 120 19 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 120 20 . . PUNCT crl-24514 121 1 students student NOUN crl-24514 121 2 were be AUX crl-24514 121 3 provided provide VERB crl-24514 121 4 with with ADP crl-24514 121 5 an an DET crl-24514 121 6 online online ADJ crl-24514 121 7 link link NOUN crl-24514 121 8 to to ADP crl-24514 121 9 the the DET crl-24514 121 10 article article NOUN crl-24514 121 11 , , PUNCT crl-24514 121 12 and and CCONJ crl-24514 121 13 a a DET crl-24514 121 14 paper paper NOUN crl-24514 121 15 copy copy NOUN crl-24514 121 16 of of ADP crl-24514 121 17 it it PRON crl-24514 121 18 . . PUNCT crl-24514 122 1 the the DET crl-24514 122 2 prompt prompt NOUN crl-24514 122 3 read read VERB crl-24514 122 4 as as SCONJ crl-24514 122 5 follows follow VERB crl-24514 122 6 : : PUNCT crl-24514 122 7 in in ADP crl-24514 122 8 the the DET crl-24514 122 9 space space NOUN crl-24514 122 10 below below ADV crl-24514 122 11 , , PUNCT crl-24514 122 12 write write VERB crl-24514 122 13 an an DET crl-24514 122 14 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 122 15 of of ADP crl-24514 122 16 the the DET crl-24514 122 17 article article NOUN crl-24514 122 18 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 122 19 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 122 20 as as ADP crl-24514 122 21 a a DET crl-24514 122 22 news news NOUN crl-24514 122 23 source source NOUN crl-24514 122 24 . . PUNCT crl-24514 123 1 you you PRON crl-24514 123 2 may may AUX crl-24514 123 3 use use VERB crl-24514 123 4 any any DET crl-24514 123 5 source source NOUN crl-24514 123 6 at at ADP crl-24514 123 7 your your PRON crl-24514 123 8 fingertips fingertip NOUN crl-24514 123 9 to to PART crl-24514 123 10 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 123 11 this this DET crl-24514 123 12 article article NOUN crl-24514 123 13 . . PUNCT crl-24514 124 1 your your PRON crl-24514 124 2 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 124 3 should should AUX crl-24514 124 4 include include VERB crl-24514 124 5 : : PUNCT crl-24514 124 6 table table NOUN crl-24514 124 7 2 2 NUM crl-24514 124 8 definitions definition NOUN crl-24514 124 9 and and CCONJ crl-24514 124 10 examples example NOUN crl-24514 124 11 of of ADP crl-24514 124 12 depth depth NOUN crl-24514 124 13 scoring scoring NOUN crl-24514 124 14 criteria criterion NOUN crl-24514 124 15 in in ADP crl-24514 124 16 the the DET crl-24514 124 17 revised revise VERB crl-24514 124 18 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 124 19 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 124 20 depth depth NOUN crl-24514 124 21 definition definition NOUN crl-24514 124 22 of of ADP crl-24514 124 23 depth depth NOUN crl-24514 124 24 level level NOUN crl-24514 124 25 example example NOUN crl-24514 124 26 1 1 NUM crl-24514 124 27 identifies identify VERB crl-24514 124 28 this this DET crl-24514 124 29 cue cue NOUN crl-24514 124 30 but but CCONJ crl-24514 124 31 does do AUX crl-24514 124 32 not not PART crl-24514 124 33 attempt attempt VERB crl-24514 124 34 an an DET crl-24514 124 35 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 124 36 of of ADP crl-24514 124 37 the the DET crl-24514 124 38 cue cue NOUN crl-24514 124 39 . . PUNCT crl-24514 125 1 the the DET crl-24514 125 2 author author NOUN crl-24514 125 3 made make VERB crl-24514 125 4 sure sure ADJ crl-24514 125 5 to to PART crl-24514 125 6 cite cite VERB crl-24514 125 7 his his PRON crl-24514 125 8 sources source NOUN crl-24514 125 9 . . PUNCT crl-24514 126 1 2 2 NUM crl-24514 126 2 evaluates evaluate VERB crl-24514 126 3 the the DET crl-24514 126 4 cue cue NOUN crl-24514 126 5 but but CCONJ crl-24514 126 6 does do AUX crl-24514 126 7 not not PART crl-24514 126 8 provide provide VERB crl-24514 126 9 evidence evidence NOUN crl-24514 126 10 to to PART crl-24514 126 11 support support VERB crl-24514 126 12 the the DET crl-24514 126 13 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 126 14 . . PUNCT crl-24514 127 1 refinery refinery NOUN crl-24514 127 2 29 29 NUM crl-24514 127 3 is be AUX crl-24514 127 4 n’t not PART crl-24514 127 5 the the DET crl-24514 127 6 most most ADV crl-24514 127 7 credible credible ADJ crl-24514 127 8 website website NOUN crl-24514 127 9 , , PUNCT crl-24514 127 10 similar similar ADJ crl-24514 127 11 to to PART crl-24514 127 12 buzzfeed buzzfeed VERB crl-24514 127 13 . . PUNCT crl-24514 128 1 the the DET crl-24514 128 2 recommended recommend VERB crl-24514 128 3 articles article NOUN crl-24514 128 4 to to PART crl-24514 128 5 read read VERB crl-24514 128 6 next next ADV crl-24514 128 7 at at ADP crl-24514 128 8 the the DET crl-24514 128 9 bottom bottom NOUN crl-24514 128 10 of of ADP crl-24514 128 11 the the DET crl-24514 128 12 page page NOUN crl-24514 128 13 are be AUX crl-24514 128 14 more more ADV crl-24514 128 15 editorial editorial ADJ crl-24514 128 16 and and CCONJ crl-24514 128 17 not not PART crl-24514 128 18 so so ADV crl-24514 128 19 much much ADJ crl-24514 128 20 reporting reporting NOUN crl-24514 128 21 news news NOUN crl-24514 128 22 . . PUNCT crl-24514 129 1 3 3 NUM crl-24514 129 2 evaluates evaluate VERB crl-24514 129 3 the the DET crl-24514 129 4 cue cue NOUN crl-24514 129 5 and and CCONJ crl-24514 129 6 supports support VERB crl-24514 129 7 the the DET crl-24514 129 8 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 129 9 with with ADP crl-24514 129 10 evidence evidence NOUN crl-24514 129 11 . . PUNCT crl-24514 130 1 first first ADV crl-24514 130 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 130 3 i i PRON crl-24514 130 4 searched search VERB crl-24514 130 5 the the DET crl-24514 130 6 author author NOUN crl-24514 130 7 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 130 8 name name NOUN crl-24514 130 9 , , PUNCT crl-24514 130 10 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 130 11 christopher christopher PROPN crl-24514 130 12 luu luu PROPN crl-24514 130 13 . . PUNCT crl-24514 130 14 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 131 1 he he PRON crl-24514 131 2 seems seem VERB crl-24514 131 3 like like ADP crl-24514 131 4 a a DET crl-24514 131 5 professional professional ADJ crl-24514 131 6 writer writer NOUN crl-24514 131 7 with with ADP crl-24514 131 8 a a DET crl-24514 131 9 ba ba PROPN crl-24514 131 10 degree degree NOUN crl-24514 131 11 , , PUNCT crl-24514 131 12 and and CCONJ crl-24514 131 13 he he PRON crl-24514 131 14 had have AUX crl-24514 131 15 been be AUX crl-24514 131 16 engaging engage VERB crl-24514 131 17 in in ADP crl-24514 131 18 media medium NOUN crl-24514 131 19 writing writing NOUN crl-24514 131 20 for for ADP crl-24514 131 21 a a DET crl-24514 131 22 decade decade NOUN crl-24514 131 23 since since SCONJ crl-24514 131 24 2007 2007 NUM crl-24514 131 25 . . PUNCT crl-24514 132 1 also also ADV crl-24514 132 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 132 3 i i PRON crl-24514 132 4 found find VERB crl-24514 132 5 he he PRON crl-24514 132 6 wrote write VERB crl-24514 132 7 many many ADJ crl-24514 132 8 different different ADJ crl-24514 132 9 types type NOUN crl-24514 132 10 of of ADP crl-24514 132 11 articles article NOUN crl-24514 132 12 for for ADP crl-24514 132 13 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 132 14 refinery refinery NOUN crl-24514 132 15 29 29 NUM crl-24514 132 16 . . PUNCT crl-24514 132 17 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 133 1 then then ADV crl-24514 133 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 133 3 i i PRON crl-24514 133 4 searched search VERB crl-24514 133 5 for for ADP crl-24514 133 6 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 133 7 refinery refinery NOUN crl-24514 133 8 29 29 NUM crl-24514 133 9 , , PUNCT crl-24514 133 10 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 133 11 and and CCONJ crl-24514 133 12 i i PRON crl-24514 133 13 find find VERB crl-24514 133 14 out out ADP crl-24514 133 15 it it PRON crl-24514 133 16 is be AUX crl-24514 133 17 a a DET crl-24514 133 18 modern modern ADJ crl-24514 133 19 style style NOUN crl-24514 133 20 media medium NOUN crl-24514 133 21 for for ADP crl-24514 133 22 women woman NOUN crl-24514 133 23 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 133 24 entertainment entertainment NOUN crl-24514 133 25 , , PUNCT crl-24514 133 26 like like ADP crl-24514 133 27 lifestyle lifestyle NOUN crl-24514 133 28 . . PUNCT crl-24514 134 1 even even ADV crl-24514 134 2 this this DET crl-24514 134 3 article article NOUN crl-24514 134 4 looks look VERB crl-24514 134 5 like like ADP crl-24514 134 6 a a DET crl-24514 134 7 little little ADJ crl-24514 134 8 bit bit NOUN crl-24514 134 9 off off ADP crl-24514 134 10 - - PUNCT crl-24514 134 11 topic topic NOUN crl-24514 134 12 about about ADP crl-24514 134 13 women woman NOUN crl-24514 134 14 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 134 15 fashion fashion NOUN crl-24514 134 16 industry industry NOUN crl-24514 134 17 , , PUNCT crl-24514 134 18 it it PRON crl-24514 134 19 is be AUX crl-24514 134 20 relative relative ADJ crl-24514 134 21 to to ADP crl-24514 134 22 their their PRON crl-24514 134 23 main main ADJ crl-24514 134 24 topic topic NOUN crl-24514 134 25 area area NOUN crl-24514 134 26 . . PUNCT crl-24514 135 1 the the DET crl-24514 135 2 author author NOUN crl-24514 135 3 is be AUX crl-24514 135 4 a a DET crl-24514 135 5 professional professional ADJ crl-24514 135 6 writer writer NOUN crl-24514 135 7 and and CCONJ crl-24514 135 8 editor editor NOUN crl-24514 135 9 , , PUNCT crl-24514 135 10 and and CCONJ crl-24514 135 11 i i PRON crl-24514 135 12 do do AUX crl-24514 135 13 find find VERB crl-24514 135 14 the the DET crl-24514 135 15 information information NOUN crl-24514 135 16 that that PRON crl-24514 135 17 was be AUX crl-24514 135 18 provided provide VERB crl-24514 135 19 in in ADP crl-24514 135 20 the the DET crl-24514 135 21 article article NOUN crl-24514 135 22 , , PUNCT crl-24514 135 23 therefore therefore ADV crl-24514 135 24 , , PUNCT crl-24514 135 25 i i PRON crl-24514 135 26 think think VERB crl-24514 135 27 it it PRON crl-24514 135 28 is be AUX crl-24514 135 29 credible credible ADJ crl-24514 135 30 . . PUNCT crl-24514 136 1 news news NOUN crl-24514 136 2 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 136 3 831 831 NUM crl-24514 136 4 a. a. VERB crl-24514 136 5 your your PRON crl-24514 136 6 overall overall ADJ crl-24514 136 7 conclusion conclusion NOUN crl-24514 136 8 about about ADP crl-24514 136 9 the the DET crl-24514 136 10 article article NOUN crl-24514 136 11 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 136 12 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 136 13 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 136 14 b. b. PROPN crl-24514 136 15 a a DET crl-24514 136 16 list list NOUN crl-24514 136 17 of of ADP crl-24514 136 18 the the DET crl-24514 136 19 article article NOUN crl-24514 136 20 elements element NOUN crl-24514 136 21 you you PRON crl-24514 136 22 used use VERB crl-24514 136 23 in in ADP crl-24514 136 24 examining examine VERB crl-24514 136 25 its its PRON crl-24514 136 26 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 136 27 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 136 28 c. c. PROPN crl-24514 136 29 evidence evidence NOUN crl-24514 136 30 about about ADP crl-24514 136 31 these these DET crl-24514 136 32 elements element NOUN crl-24514 136 33 that that PRON crl-24514 136 34 explains explain VERB crl-24514 136 35 how how SCONJ crl-24514 136 36 you you PRON crl-24514 136 37 arrived arrive VERB crl-24514 136 38 at at ADP crl-24514 136 39 your your PRON crl-24514 136 40 conclusion conclusion NOUN crl-24514 136 41 . . PUNCT crl-24514 137 1 to to PART crl-24514 137 2 prevent prevent VERB crl-24514 137 3 a a DET crl-24514 137 4 familiarity familiarity NOUN crl-24514 137 5 effect effect NOUN crl-24514 137 6 on on ADP crl-24514 137 7 the the DET crl-24514 137 8 end end NOUN crl-24514 137 9 - - PUNCT crl-24514 137 10 of of ADP crl-24514 137 11 - - PUNCT crl-24514 137 12 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 137 13 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 137 14 , , PUNCT crl-24514 137 15 students student NOUN crl-24514 137 16 did do AUX crl-24514 137 17 not not PART crl-24514 137 18 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 137 19 the the DET crl-24514 137 20 same same ADJ crl-24514 137 21 article article NOUN crl-24514 137 22 at at ADP crl-24514 137 23 the the DET crl-24514 137 24 two two NUM crl-24514 137 25 timepoints timepoint NOUN crl-24514 137 26 . . PUNCT crl-24514 138 1 to to PART crl-24514 138 2 ensure ensure VERB crl-24514 138 3 that that SCONJ crl-24514 138 4 the the DET crl-24514 138 5 beginningand beginningand ADJ crl-24514 138 6 end end NOUN crl-24514 138 7 - - PUNCT crl-24514 138 8 of of ADP crl-24514 138 9 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 138 10 assessments assessment NOUN crl-24514 138 11 consisted consist VERB crl-24514 138 12 of of ADP crl-24514 138 13 similar similar ADJ crl-24514 138 14 conditions condition NOUN crl-24514 138 15 , , PUNCT crl-24514 138 16 two two NUM crl-24514 138 17 articles article NOUN crl-24514 138 18 that that PRON crl-24514 138 19 were be AUX crl-24514 138 20 matched match VERB crl-24514 138 21 on on ADP crl-24514 138 22 the the DET crl-24514 138 23 quality quality NOUN crl-24514 138 24 of of ADP crl-24514 138 25 their their PRON crl-24514 138 26 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 138 27 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 138 28 were be AUX crl-24514 138 29 used use VERB crl-24514 138 30 . . PUNCT crl-24514 139 1 both both DET crl-24514 139 2 articles article NOUN crl-24514 139 3 represented represent VERB crl-24514 139 4 a a DET crl-24514 139 5 genre genre NOUN crl-24514 139 6 of of ADP crl-24514 139 7 information information NOUN crl-24514 139 8 that that PRON crl-24514 139 9 students student NOUN crl-24514 139 10 likely likely ADV crl-24514 139 11 come come VERB crl-24514 139 12 across across ADP crl-24514 139 13 in in ADP crl-24514 139 14 their their PRON crl-24514 139 15 social social ADJ crl-24514 139 16 media medium NOUN crl-24514 139 17 feeds feed NOUN crl-24514 139 18 . . PUNCT crl-24514 140 1 both both DET crl-24514 140 2 articles article NOUN crl-24514 140 3 were be AUX crl-24514 140 4 published publish VERB crl-24514 140 5 by by ADP crl-24514 140 6 nonlegacy nonlegacy NOUN crl-24514 140 7 news news NOUN crl-24514 140 8 sources source NOUN crl-24514 140 9 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 140 10 such such ADJ crl-24514 140 11 as as ADP crl-24514 140 12 buzzfeed buzzfeed ADJ crl-24514 140 13 , , PUNCT crl-24514 140 14 refinery29 refinery29 NOUN crl-24514 140 15 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 140 16 , , PUNCT crl-24514 140 17 were be AUX crl-24514 140 18 recent recent ADJ crl-24514 140 19 to to ADP crl-24514 140 20 the the DET crl-24514 140 21 date date NOUN crl-24514 140 22 of of ADP crl-24514 140 23 each each DET crl-24514 140 24 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 140 25 , , PUNCT crl-24514 140 26 were be AUX crl-24514 140 27 written write VERB crl-24514 140 28 by by ADP crl-24514 140 29 individuals individual NOUN crl-24514 140 30 who who PRON crl-24514 140 31 were be AUX crl-24514 140 32 not not PART crl-24514 140 33 staff staff NOUN crl-24514 140 34 writers writer NOUN crl-24514 140 35 at at ADP crl-24514 140 36 each each DET crl-24514 140 37 publication publication NOUN crl-24514 140 38 , , PUNCT crl-24514 140 39 focused focus VERB crl-24514 140 40 on on ADP crl-24514 140 41 timely timely ADJ crl-24514 140 42 topics topic NOUN crl-24514 140 43 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 140 44 such such ADJ crl-24514 140 45 as as ADP crl-24514 140 46 political political ADJ crl-24514 140 47 echo echo NOUN crl-24514 140 48 chambers chamber NOUN crl-24514 140 49 , , PUNCT crl-24514 140 50 twitter twitter NOUN crl-24514 140 51 verification verification NOUN crl-24514 140 52 process process NOUN crl-24514 140 53 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 140 54 , , PUNCT crl-24514 140 55 used use VERB crl-24514 140 56 other other ADJ crl-24514 140 57 news news NOUN crl-24514 140 58 articles article NOUN crl-24514 140 59 and and CCONJ crl-24514 140 60 social social ADJ crl-24514 140 61 media medium NOUN crl-24514 140 62 as as ADP crl-24514 140 63 sources source NOUN crl-24514 140 64 , , PUNCT crl-24514 140 65 cited cite VERB crl-24514 140 66 these these DET crl-24514 140 67 sources source NOUN crl-24514 140 68 inconsistently inconsistently ADV crl-24514 140 69 , , PUNCT crl-24514 140 70 were be AUX crl-24514 140 71 written write VERB crl-24514 140 72 in in ADP crl-24514 140 73 a a DET crl-24514 140 74 casual casual ADJ crl-24514 140 75 tone tone NOUN crl-24514 140 76 , , PUNCT crl-24514 140 77 and and CCONJ crl-24514 140 78 included include VERB crl-24514 140 79 both both CCONJ crl-24514 140 80 factual factual ADJ crl-24514 140 81 and and CCONJ crl-24514 140 82 opinion opinion NOUN crl-24514 140 83 - - PUNCT crl-24514 140 84 based base VERB crl-24514 140 85 statements statement NOUN crl-24514 140 86 . . PUNCT crl-24514 141 1 coding code VERB crl-24514 141 2 this this DET crl-24514 141 3 article article NOUN crl-24514 141 4 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 141 5 two two NUM crl-24514 141 6 authors author NOUN crl-24514 141 7 trained train VERB crl-24514 141 8 together together ADV crl-24514 141 9 to to PART crl-24514 141 10 apply apply VERB crl-24514 141 11 the the DET crl-24514 141 12 coding code VERB crl-24514 141 13 scheme scheme NOUN crl-24514 141 14 using use VERB crl-24514 141 15 a a DET crl-24514 141 16 set set NOUN crl-24514 141 17 of of ADP crl-24514 141 18 responses response NOUN crl-24514 141 19 from from ADP crl-24514 141 20 a a DET crl-24514 141 21 previous previous ADJ crl-24514 141 22 class class NOUN crl-24514 141 23 , , PUNCT crl-24514 141 24 in in ADP crl-24514 141 25 which which PRON crl-24514 141 26 the the DET crl-24514 141 27 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 141 28 was be AUX crl-24514 141 29 pilot pilot NOUN crl-24514 141 30 - - PUNCT crl-24514 141 31 tested test VERB crl-24514 141 32 . . PUNCT crl-24514 142 1 the the DET crl-24514 142 2 authors author NOUN crl-24514 142 3 also also ADV crl-24514 142 4 developed develop VERB crl-24514 142 5 a a DET crl-24514 142 6 grid grid NOUN crl-24514 142 7 to to PART crl-24514 142 8 score score VERB crl-24514 142 9 each each DET crl-24514 142 10 student student NOUN crl-24514 142 11 response response NOUN crl-24514 142 12 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 142 13 see see VERB crl-24514 142 14 figure figure NOUN crl-24514 142 15 2 2 NUM crl-24514 142 16 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 142 17 . . PUNCT crl-24514 143 1 each each DET crl-24514 143 2 author author NOUN crl-24514 143 3 then then ADV crl-24514 143 4 scored score VERB crl-24514 143 5 the the DET crl-24514 143 6 same same ADJ crl-24514 143 7 20 20 NUM crl-24514 143 8 percent percent NOUN crl-24514 143 9 of of ADP crl-24514 143 10 the the DET crl-24514 143 11 responses response NOUN crl-24514 143 12 , , PUNCT crl-24514 143 13 arriving arrive VERB crl-24514 143 14 at at ADP crl-24514 143 15 an an DET crl-24514 143 16 acceptable acceptable ADJ crl-24514 143 17 level level NOUN crl-24514 143 18 of of ADP crl-24514 143 19 intercoder intercoder NOUN crl-24514 143 20 reliability reliability NOUN crl-24514 143 21 . . PUNCT crl-24514 144 1 percent percent NOUN crl-24514 144 2 agreement agreement NOUN crl-24514 144 3 between between ADP crl-24514 144 4 the the DET crl-24514 144 5 two two NUM crl-24514 144 6 authors author NOUN crl-24514 144 7 was be AUX crl-24514 144 8 91 91 NUM crl-24514 144 9 percent percent NOUN crl-24514 144 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 144 11 meaning mean VERB crl-24514 144 12 that that SCONJ crl-24514 144 13 each each DET crl-24514 144 14 author author NOUN crl-24514 144 15 scored score VERB crl-24514 144 16 about about ADP crl-24514 144 17 9 9 NUM crl-24514 144 18 out out ADP crl-24514 144 19 of of ADP crl-24514 144 20 every every DET crl-24514 144 21 10 10 NUM crl-24514 144 22 response response NOUN crl-24514 144 23 elements element NOUN crl-24514 144 24 the the DET crl-24514 144 25 same same ADJ crl-24514 144 26 way way NOUN crl-24514 144 27 . . PUNCT crl-24514 145 1 because because SCONJ crl-24514 145 2 some some PRON crl-24514 145 3 of of ADP crl-24514 145 4 the the DET crl-24514 145 5 agreements agreement NOUN crl-24514 145 6 may may AUX crl-24514 145 7 have have AUX crl-24514 145 8 been be AUX crl-24514 145 9 due due ADJ crl-24514 145 10 to to ADP crl-24514 145 11 chance chance NOUN crl-24514 145 12 , , PUNCT crl-24514 145 13 cohen cohen PROPN crl-24514 145 14 ’s ’s PROPN crl-24514 145 15 kappa kappa PROPN crl-24514 145 16 , , PUNCT crl-24514 145 17 a a DET crl-24514 145 18 metric metric NOUN crl-24514 145 19 that that PRON crl-24514 145 20 adjusts adjust NOUN crl-24514 145 21 for for ADP crl-24514 145 22 such such ADJ crl-24514 145 23 chance chance NOUN crl-24514 145 24 agreement agreement NOUN crl-24514 145 25 , , PUNCT crl-24514 145 26 was be AUX crl-24514 145 27 also also ADV crl-24514 145 28 calculated.64 calculated.64 ADV crl-24514 145 29 this this DET crl-24514 145 30 value value NOUN crl-24514 145 31 was be AUX crl-24514 145 32 .82 .82 NUM crl-24514 145 33 , , PUNCT crl-24514 145 34 which which PRON crl-24514 145 35 falls fall VERB crl-24514 145 36 in in ADP crl-24514 145 37 the the DET crl-24514 145 38 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 145 39 almost almost ADV crl-24514 145 40 perfect perfect ADJ crl-24514 145 41 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 145 42 category category NOUN crl-24514 145 43 of of ADP crl-24514 145 44 interrater interrater ADJ crl-24514 145 45 agreement.65 agreement.65 NOUN crl-24514 145 46 having having AUX crl-24514 145 47 established establish VERB crl-24514 145 48 good good ADJ crl-24514 145 49 reliability reliability NOUN crl-24514 145 50 , , PUNCT crl-24514 145 51 each each DET crl-24514 145 52 author author NOUN crl-24514 145 53 then then ADV crl-24514 145 54 coded code VERB crl-24514 145 55 half half NOUN crl-24514 145 56 of of ADP crl-24514 145 57 the the DET crl-24514 145 58 remaining remain VERB crl-24514 145 59 responses response NOUN crl-24514 145 60 . . PUNCT crl-24514 146 1 figure figure NOUN crl-24514 146 2 2 2 NUM crl-24514 146 3 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 146 4 grid grid NOUN crl-24514 146 5 used use VERB crl-24514 146 6 to to PART crl-24514 146 7 score score VERB crl-24514 146 8 each each DET crl-24514 146 9 student student NOUN crl-24514 146 10 response response NOUN crl-24514 146 11 832 832 NUM crl-24514 146 12 college college PROPN crl-24514 146 13 & & CCONJ crl-24514 146 14 research research PROPN crl-24514 146 15 libraries library NOUN crl-24514 146 16 july july PROPN crl-24514 146 17 2020 2020 NUM crl-24514 146 18 results result VERB crl-24514 146 19 the the DET crl-24514 146 20 first first ADJ crl-24514 146 21 two two NUM crl-24514 146 22 research research NOUN crl-24514 146 23 questions question NOUN crl-24514 146 24 informed inform VERB crl-24514 146 25 formative formative ADJ crl-24514 146 26 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 146 27 results result NOUN crl-24514 146 28 early early ADV crl-24514 146 29 in in ADP crl-24514 146 30 the the DET crl-24514 146 31 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 146 32 . . PUNCT crl-24514 147 1 rq1a rq1a VERB crl-24514 147 2 asked ask VERB crl-24514 147 3 about about ADP crl-24514 147 4 how how SCONJ crl-24514 147 5 well well ADJ crl-24514 147 6 students student NOUN crl-24514 147 7 identified identify VERB crl-24514 147 8 indicators indicator NOUN crl-24514 147 9 of of ADP crl-24514 147 10 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 147 11 in in ADP crl-24514 147 12 the the DET crl-24514 147 13 article article NOUN crl-24514 147 14 they they PRON crl-24514 147 15 were be AUX crl-24514 147 16 presented present VERB crl-24514 147 17 and and CCONJ crl-24514 147 18 asked ask VERB crl-24514 147 19 to to PART crl-24514 147 20 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 147 21 . . PUNCT crl-24514 148 1 breadth breadth NOUN crl-24514 148 2 scores score NOUN crl-24514 148 3 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 148 4 that that ADV crl-24514 148 5 is is ADV crl-24514 148 6 , , PUNCT crl-24514 148 7 the the DET crl-24514 148 8 number number NOUN crl-24514 148 9 of of ADP crl-24514 148 10 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 148 11 cues cue VERB crl-24514 148 12 that that SCONJ crl-24514 148 13 students student NOUN crl-24514 148 14 identified identify VERB crl-24514 148 15 , , PUNCT crl-24514 148 16 such such ADJ crl-24514 148 17 as as ADP crl-24514 148 18 author author NOUN crl-24514 148 19 or or CCONJ crl-24514 148 20 date date NOUN crl-24514 148 21 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 148 22 were be AUX crl-24514 148 23 used use VERB crl-24514 148 24 to to PART crl-24514 148 25 address address VERB crl-24514 148 26 this this DET crl-24514 148 27 question question NOUN crl-24514 148 28 . . PUNCT crl-24514 149 1 on on ADP crl-24514 149 2 average average ADJ crl-24514 149 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 149 4 students student NOUN crl-24514 149 5 evaluated evaluate VERB crl-24514 149 6 3.47 3.47 NUM crl-24514 149 7 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 149 8 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 149 9 in in ADP crl-24514 149 10 their their PRON crl-24514 149 11 early early ADJ crl-24514 149 12 - - PUNCT crl-24514 149 13 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 149 14 responses response NOUN crl-24514 149 15 . . PUNCT crl-24514 150 1 overall overall ADJ crl-24514 150 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 150 3 students student NOUN crl-24514 150 4 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 150 5 responses response NOUN crl-24514 150 6 featured feature VERB crl-24514 150 7 between between ADP crl-24514 150 8 1 1 NUM crl-24514 150 9 and and CCONJ crl-24514 150 10 6 6 NUM crl-24514 150 11 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 150 12 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 150 13 . . PUNCT crl-24514 151 1 rq1b rq1b PROPN crl-24514 151 2 asked ask VERB crl-24514 151 3 about about ADP crl-24514 151 4 what what DET crl-24514 151 5 indicators indicator NOUN crl-24514 151 6 of of ADP crl-24514 151 7 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 151 8 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 151 9 that that ADV crl-24514 151 10 is is ADV crl-24514 151 11 , , PUNCT crl-24514 151 12 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 151 13 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 151 14 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 151 15 students student NOUN crl-24514 151 16 identified identify VERB crl-24514 151 17 in in ADP crl-24514 151 18 their their PRON crl-24514 151 19 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 151 20 . . PUNCT crl-24514 152 1 figure figure NOUN crl-24514 152 2 3 3 NUM crl-24514 152 3 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 152 4 light light ADJ crl-24514 152 5 - - PUNCT crl-24514 152 6 colored color VERB crl-24514 152 7 bars bar NOUN crl-24514 152 8 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 152 9 illustrates illustrate VERB crl-24514 152 10 the the DET crl-24514 152 11 percentages percentage NOUN crl-24514 152 12 of of ADP crl-24514 152 13 students student NOUN crl-24514 152 14 who who PRON crl-24514 152 15 identified identify VERB crl-24514 152 16 each each DET crl-24514 152 17 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 152 18 cue cue NOUN crl-24514 152 19 . . PUNCT crl-24514 153 1 early early ADV crl-24514 153 2 in in ADP crl-24514 153 3 the the DET crl-24514 153 4 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 153 5 , , PUNCT crl-24514 153 6 most most ADJ crl-24514 153 7 students student NOUN crl-24514 153 8 identified identify VERB crl-24514 153 9 as as ADP crl-24514 153 10 a a DET crl-24514 153 11 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 153 12 cue cue VERB crl-24514 153 13 an an DET crl-24514 153 14 article article NOUN crl-24514 153 15 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 153 16 content content NOUN crl-24514 153 17 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 153 18 86 86 NUM crl-24514 153 19 % % NOUN crl-24514 153 20 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 153 21 or or CCONJ crl-24514 153 22 author author NOUN crl-24514 153 23 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 153 24 84 84 NUM crl-24514 153 25 % % NOUN crl-24514 153 26 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 153 27 . . PUNCT crl-24514 154 1 fewer few ADJ crl-24514 154 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 154 3 but but CCONJ crl-24514 154 4 still still ADV crl-24514 154 5 a a DET crl-24514 154 6 majority majority NOUN crl-24514 154 7 , , PUNCT crl-24514 154 8 identified identify VERB crl-24514 154 9 an an DET crl-24514 154 10 article article NOUN crl-24514 154 11 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 154 12 sources source NOUN crl-24514 154 13 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 154 14 66 66 NUM crl-24514 154 15 % % NOUN crl-24514 154 16 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 154 17 and and CCONJ crl-24514 154 18 publisher publisher NOUN crl-24514 154 19 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 154 20 57 57 NUM crl-24514 154 21 % % NOUN crl-24514 154 22 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 154 23 . . PUNCT crl-24514 155 1 just just ADV crl-24514 155 2 over over ADP crl-24514 155 3 a a DET crl-24514 155 4 third third NOUN crl-24514 155 5 of of ADP crl-24514 155 6 the the DET crl-24514 155 7 students student NOUN crl-24514 155 8 identified identify VERB crl-24514 155 9 an an DET crl-24514 155 10 article article NOUN crl-24514 155 11 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 155 12 writing writing NOUN crl-24514 155 13 style style NOUN crl-24514 155 14 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 155 15 35 35 NUM crl-24514 155 16 % % NOUN crl-24514 155 17 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 155 18 , , PUNCT crl-24514 155 19 and and CCONJ crl-24514 155 20 few few ADJ crl-24514 155 21 identified identify VERB crl-24514 155 22 its its PRON crl-24514 155 23 publication publication NOUN crl-24514 155 24 date date NOUN crl-24514 155 25 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 155 26 4 4 NUM crl-24514 155 27 % % NOUN crl-24514 155 28 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 155 29 . . PUNCT crl-24514 156 1 rq2 rq2 NOUN crl-24514 156 2 asked ask VERB crl-24514 156 3 about about ADP crl-24514 156 4 how how SCONJ crl-24514 156 5 well well ADV crl-24514 156 6 students student NOUN crl-24514 156 7 argue argue VERB crl-24514 156 8 about about ADP crl-24514 156 9 the the DET crl-24514 156 10 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 156 11 of of ADP crl-24514 156 12 an an DET crl-24514 156 13 information information NOUN crl-24514 156 14 source source NOUN crl-24514 156 15 . . PUNCT crl-24514 157 1 the the DET crl-24514 157 2 depth depth NOUN crl-24514 157 3 score score NOUN crl-24514 157 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 157 5 which which PRON crl-24514 157 6 is be AUX crl-24514 157 7 a a DET crl-24514 157 8 measure measure NOUN crl-24514 157 9 of of ADP crl-24514 157 10 argument argument NOUN crl-24514 157 11 quality quality NOUN crl-24514 157 12 , , PUNCT crl-24514 157 13 was be AUX crl-24514 157 14 used use VERB crl-24514 157 15 to to PART crl-24514 157 16 address address VERB crl-24514 157 17 this this DET crl-24514 157 18 question question NOUN crl-24514 157 19 . . PUNCT crl-24514 158 1 students student NOUN crl-24514 158 2 evaluated evaluate VERB crl-24514 158 3 a a DET crl-24514 158 4 majority majority NOUN crl-24514 158 5 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 158 6 58 58 NUM crl-24514 158 7 % % NOUN crl-24514 158 8 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 158 9 of of ADP crl-24514 158 10 the the DET crl-24514 158 11 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 158 12 they they PRON crl-24514 158 13 identified identify VERB crl-24514 158 14 at at ADP crl-24514 158 15 level level NOUN crl-24514 158 16 2 2 NUM crl-24514 158 17 , , PUNCT crl-24514 158 18 which which PRON crl-24514 158 19 means mean VERB crl-24514 158 20 that that SCONJ crl-24514 158 21 the the DET crl-24514 158 22 students student NOUN crl-24514 158 23 primarily primarily ADV crl-24514 158 24 relied rely VERB crl-24514 158 25 on on ADP crl-24514 158 26 their their PRON crl-24514 158 27 personal personal ADJ crl-24514 158 28 opinions opinion NOUN crl-24514 158 29 to to PART crl-24514 158 30 support support VERB crl-24514 158 31 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 158 32 arguments argument NOUN crl-24514 158 33 . . PUNCT crl-24514 159 1 they they PRON crl-24514 159 2 evaluated evaluate VERB crl-24514 159 3 about about ADP crl-24514 159 4 a a DET crl-24514 159 5 third third ADJ crl-24514 159 6 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 159 7 35 35 NUM crl-24514 159 8 % % NOUN crl-24514 159 9 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 159 10 of of ADP crl-24514 159 11 the the DET crl-24514 159 12 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 159 13 at at ADP crl-24514 159 14 level level NOUN crl-24514 159 15 1 1 NUM crl-24514 159 16 , , PUNCT crl-24514 159 17 which which PRON crl-24514 159 18 means mean VERB crl-24514 159 19 that that SCONJ crl-24514 159 20 they they PRON crl-24514 159 21 did do AUX crl-24514 159 22 not not PART crl-24514 159 23 offer offer VERB crl-24514 159 24 any any DET crl-24514 159 25 evidence evidence NOUN crl-24514 159 26 for for ADP crl-24514 159 27 their their PRON crl-24514 159 28 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 159 29 arguments argument NOUN crl-24514 159 30 . . PUNCT crl-24514 160 1 students student NOUN crl-24514 160 2 evaluated evaluate VERB crl-24514 160 3 only only ADV crl-24514 160 4 7 7 NUM crl-24514 160 5 percent percent NOUN crl-24514 160 6 of of ADP crl-24514 160 7 the the DET crl-24514 160 8 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 160 9 at at ADP crl-24514 160 10 level level NOUN crl-24514 160 11 3 3 NUM crl-24514 160 12 , , PUNCT crl-24514 160 13 which which PRON crl-24514 160 14 means mean VERB crl-24514 160 15 that that SCONJ crl-24514 160 16 they they PRON crl-24514 160 17 used use VERB crl-24514 160 18 little little ADJ crl-24514 160 19 external external ADJ crl-24514 160 20 evidence evidence NOUN crl-24514 160 21 to to PART crl-24514 160 22 support support VERB crl-24514 160 23 their their PRON crl-24514 160 24 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 160 25 arguments argument NOUN crl-24514 160 26 . . PUNCT crl-24514 161 1 on on ADP crl-24514 161 2 average average ADJ crl-24514 161 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 161 4 students student NOUN crl-24514 161 5 evaluated evaluate VERB crl-24514 161 6 a a DET crl-24514 161 7 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 161 8 cue cue NOUN crl-24514 161 9 at at ADP crl-24514 161 10 a a DET crl-24514 161 11 depth depth NOUN crl-24514 161 12 of of ADP crl-24514 161 13 1.73 1.73 NUM crl-24514 161 14 . . PUNCT crl-24514 162 1 figure figure VERB crl-24514 162 2 3 3 NUM crl-24514 162 3 percentages percentage NOUN crl-24514 162 4 of of ADP crl-24514 162 5 student student NOUN crl-24514 162 6 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 162 7 containing contain VERB crl-24514 162 8 each each DET crl-24514 162 9 cue cue NOUN crl-24514 162 10 category category NOUN crl-24514 162 11 in in ADP crl-24514 162 12 earlyand earlyand NOUN crl-24514 162 13 latesemester latesemester NOUN crl-24514 162 14 assessments assessment NOUN crl-24514 162 15 * * PUNCT crl-24514 162 16 * * PUNCT crl-24514 162 17 nonoverlapping nonoverlapping NOUN crl-24514 162 18 error error NOUN crl-24514 162 19 bars bar NOUN crl-24514 162 20 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 162 21 95 95 NUM crl-24514 162 22 % % NOUN crl-24514 162 23 confidence confidence NOUN crl-24514 162 24 intervals interval NOUN crl-24514 162 25 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 162 26 indicate indicate VERB crl-24514 162 27 statistically statistically ADV crl-24514 162 28 different different ADJ crl-24514 162 29 proportions proportion NOUN crl-24514 162 30 . . PUNCT crl-24514 163 1 news news NOUN crl-24514 163 2 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 163 3 833 833 NUM crl-24514 163 4 the the DET crl-24514 163 5 remaining remain VERB crl-24514 163 6 research research NOUN crl-24514 163 7 questions question NOUN crl-24514 163 8 addressed address VERB crl-24514 163 9 summative summative ADJ crl-24514 163 10 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 163 11 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 163 12 that that ADV crl-24514 163 13 is is ADV crl-24514 163 14 , , PUNCT crl-24514 163 15 the the DET crl-24514 163 16 differences difference NOUN crl-24514 163 17 in in ADP crl-24514 163 18 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 163 19 scores score NOUN crl-24514 163 20 between between ADP crl-24514 163 21 early early ADJ crl-24514 163 22 and and CCONJ crl-24514 163 23 late late ADV crl-24514 163 24 in in ADP crl-24514 163 25 the the DET crl-24514 163 26 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 163 27 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 163 28 . . PUNCT crl-24514 164 1 rq3a rq3a PROPN crl-24514 164 2 concerned concern VERB crl-24514 164 3 the the DET crl-24514 164 4 difference difference NOUN crl-24514 164 5 in in ADP crl-24514 164 6 how how SCONJ crl-24514 164 7 well well ADJ crl-24514 164 8 students student NOUN crl-24514 164 9 identified identify VERB crl-24514 164 10 indicators indicator NOUN crl-24514 164 11 of of ADP crl-24514 164 12 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 164 13 , , PUNCT crl-24514 164 14 indicated indicate VERB crl-24514 164 15 by by ADP crl-24514 164 16 how how SCONJ crl-24514 164 17 many many ADJ crl-24514 164 18 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 164 19 cues cue VERB crl-24514 164 20 students student NOUN crl-24514 164 21 identified identify VERB crl-24514 164 22 early early ADV crl-24514 164 23 versus versus ADP crl-24514 164 24 late late ADV crl-24514 164 25 in in ADP crl-24514 164 26 the the DET crl-24514 164 27 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 164 28 . . PUNCT crl-24514 165 1 as as SCONJ crl-24514 165 2 figure figure NOUN crl-24514 165 3 4 4 NUM crl-24514 165 4 illustrates illustrate NOUN crl-24514 165 5 , , PUNCT crl-24514 165 6 on on ADP crl-24514 165 7 average average ADJ crl-24514 165 8 , , PUNCT crl-24514 165 9 students student NOUN crl-24514 165 10 identified identify VERB crl-24514 165 11 3.45 3.45 NUM crl-24514 165 12 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 165 13 late late ADV crl-24514 165 14 in in ADP crl-24514 165 15 the the DET crl-24514 165 16 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 165 17 , , PUNCT crl-24514 165 18 which which PRON crl-24514 165 19 was be AUX crl-24514 165 20 essentially essentially ADV crl-24514 165 21 equal equal ADJ crl-24514 165 22 to to ADP crl-24514 165 23 the the DET crl-24514 165 24 number number NOUN crl-24514 165 25 of of ADP crl-24514 165 26 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 165 27 they they PRON crl-24514 165 28 had have AUX crl-24514 165 29 identified identify VERB crl-24514 165 30 early early ADV crl-24514 165 31 in in ADP crl-24514 165 32 the the DET crl-24514 165 33 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 165 34 , , PUNCT crl-24514 165 35 which which PRON crl-24514 165 36 was be AUX crl-24514 165 37 3.47 3.47 NUM crl-24514 165 38 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 165 39 see see VERB crl-24514 165 40 rq1a rq1a PROPN crl-24514 165 41 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 165 42 . . PUNCT crl-24514 166 1 the the DET crl-24514 166 2 range range NOUN crl-24514 166 3 of of ADP crl-24514 166 4 the the DET crl-24514 166 5 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 166 6 that that SCONJ crl-24514 166 7 students student NOUN crl-24514 166 8 identified identify VERB crl-24514 166 9 in in ADP crl-24514 166 10 their their PRON crl-24514 166 11 responses response NOUN crl-24514 166 12 late late ADV crl-24514 166 13 in in ADP crl-24514 166 14 the the DET crl-24514 166 15 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 166 16 was be AUX crl-24514 166 17 also also ADV crl-24514 166 18 the the DET crl-24514 166 19 same same ADJ crl-24514 166 20 as as ADP crl-24514 166 21 early early ADV crl-24514 166 22 in in ADP crl-24514 166 23 the the DET crl-24514 166 24 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 166 25 : : PUNCT crl-24514 166 26 between between ADP crl-24514 166 27 1 1 NUM crl-24514 166 28 and and CCONJ crl-24514 166 29 6 6 NUM crl-24514 166 30 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 166 31 . . PUNCT crl-24514 167 1 to to PART crl-24514 167 2 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 167 3 statistically statistically ADV crl-24514 167 4 the the DET crl-24514 167 5 summative summative ADJ crl-24514 167 6 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 167 7 results result NOUN crl-24514 167 8 , , PUNCT crl-24514 167 9 an an DET crl-24514 167 10 independent independent ADJ crl-24514 167 11 - - PUNCT crl-24514 167 12 samples sample NOUN crl-24514 167 13 t t NOUN crl-24514 167 14 - - PUNCT crl-24514 167 15 test test NOUN crl-24514 167 16 with with ADP crl-24514 167 17 95 95 NUM crl-24514 167 18 % % NOUN crl-24514 167 19 confidence confidence NOUN crl-24514 167 20 intervals interval NOUN crl-24514 167 21 was be AUX crl-24514 167 22 used use VERB crl-24514 167 23 . . PUNCT crl-24514 168 1 this this DET crl-24514 168 2 test test NOUN crl-24514 168 3 indicates indicate VERB crl-24514 168 4 whether whether SCONJ crl-24514 168 5 there there PRON crl-24514 168 6 is be VERB crl-24514 168 7 a a DET crl-24514 168 8 statistically statistically ADV crl-24514 168 9 significant significant ADJ crl-24514 168 10 difference difference NOUN crl-24514 168 11 between between ADP crl-24514 168 12 two two NUM crl-24514 168 13 averages average NOUN crl-24514 168 14 . . PUNCT crl-24514 169 1 each each DET crl-24514 169 2 set set NOUN crl-24514 169 3 of of ADP crl-24514 169 4 earlyand earlyand NOUN crl-24514 169 5 late late ADJ crl-24514 169 6 - - PUNCT crl-24514 169 7 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 169 8 scores score NOUN crl-24514 169 9 was be AUX crl-24514 169 10 tested test VERB crl-24514 169 11 to to PART crl-24514 169 12 determine determine VERB crl-24514 169 13 if if SCONJ crl-24514 169 14 they they PRON crl-24514 169 15 were be AUX crl-24514 169 16 statistically statistically ADV crl-24514 169 17 different different ADJ crl-24514 169 18 . . PUNCT crl-24514 170 1 there there PRON crl-24514 170 2 was be VERB crl-24514 170 3 no no DET crl-24514 170 4 statistically statistically ADV crl-24514 170 5 significant significant ADJ crl-24514 170 6 difference difference NOUN crl-24514 170 7 on on ADP crl-24514 170 8 breadth breadth NOUN crl-24514 170 9 — — PUNCT crl-24514 170 10 the the DET crl-24514 170 11 number number NOUN crl-24514 170 12 of of ADP crl-24514 170 13 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 170 14 that that SCONJ crl-24514 170 15 students student NOUN crl-24514 170 16 identified identify VERB crl-24514 170 17 — — PUNCT crl-24514 170 18 early early ADV crl-24514 170 19 and and CCONJ crl-24514 170 20 late late ADV crl-24514 170 21 in in ADP crl-24514 170 22 the the DET crl-24514 170 23 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 170 24 , , PUNCT crl-24514 170 25 t(272 t(272 NOUN crl-24514 170 26 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 170 27 = = PROPN crl-24514 170 28 .16 .16 PROPN crl-24514 170 29 , , PUNCT crl-24514 170 30 p p NOUN crl-24514 170 31 = = PROPN crl-24514 170 32 .88 .88 PROPN crl-24514 170 33 . . PUNCT crl-24514 171 1 rq3b rq3b PROPN crl-24514 171 2 asked ask VERB crl-24514 171 3 about about ADP crl-24514 171 4 differences difference NOUN crl-24514 171 5 in in ADP crl-24514 171 6 the the DET crl-24514 171 7 categories category NOUN crl-24514 171 8 of of ADP crl-24514 171 9 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 171 10 that that SCONJ crl-24514 171 11 students student NOUN crl-24514 171 12 used use VERB crl-24514 171 13 between between ADP crl-24514 171 14 earlyand earlyand NOUN crl-24514 171 15 late late ADJ crl-24514 171 16 - - PUNCT crl-24514 171 17 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 171 18 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 171 19 . . PUNCT crl-24514 172 1 the the DET crl-24514 172 2 dark dark ADJ crl-24514 172 3 - - PUNCT crl-24514 172 4 colored colored ADJ crl-24514 172 5 bars bar NOUN crl-24514 172 6 in in ADP crl-24514 172 7 figure figure NOUN crl-24514 172 8 3 3 NUM crl-24514 172 9 illustrate illustrate VERB crl-24514 172 10 the the DET crl-24514 172 11 number number NOUN crl-24514 172 12 of of ADP crl-24514 172 13 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 172 14 in in ADP crl-24514 172 15 each each DET crl-24514 172 16 category category NOUN crl-24514 172 17 at at ADP crl-24514 172 18 the the DET crl-24514 172 19 end end NOUN crl-24514 172 20 of of ADP crl-24514 172 21 the the DET crl-24514 172 22 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 172 23 . . PUNCT crl-24514 173 1 a a DET crl-24514 173 2 majority majority NOUN crl-24514 173 3 of of ADP crl-24514 173 4 the the DET crl-24514 173 5 students student NOUN crl-24514 173 6 evaluated evaluate VERB crl-24514 173 7 an an DET crl-24514 173 8 article article NOUN crl-24514 173 9 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 173 10 sources source NOUN crl-24514 173 11 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 173 12 84 84 NUM crl-24514 173 13 % % NOUN crl-24514 173 14 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 173 15 , , PUNCT crl-24514 173 16 which which PRON crl-24514 173 17 represented represent VERB crl-24514 173 18 a a DET crl-24514 173 19 statistically statistically ADV crl-24514 173 20 significant significant ADJ crl-24514 173 21 increase increase NOUN crl-24514 173 22 of of ADP crl-24514 173 23 18 18 NUM crl-24514 173 24 percent percent NOUN crl-24514 173 25 from from ADP crl-24514 173 26 early early ADV crl-24514 173 27 in in ADP crl-24514 173 28 the the DET crl-24514 173 29 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 173 30 , , PUNCT crl-24514 173 31 t(272 t(272 NOUN crl-24514 173 32 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 173 33 = = X crl-24514 173 34 3.42 3.42 NUM crl-24514 173 35 , , PUNCT crl-24514 173 36 p p NOUN crl-24514 173 37 = = PROPN crl-24514 173 38 .001 .001 NUM crl-24514 173 39 . . PUNCT crl-24514 174 1 a a DET crl-24514 174 2 majority majority NOUN crl-24514 174 3 of of ADP crl-24514 174 4 the the DET crl-24514 174 5 students student NOUN crl-24514 174 6 also also ADV crl-24514 174 7 identified identify VERB crl-24514 174 8 the the DET crl-24514 174 9 article article NOUN crl-24514 174 10 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 174 11 author author NOUN crl-24514 174 12 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 174 13 69 69 NUM crl-24514 174 14 % % NOUN crl-24514 174 15 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 174 16 , , PUNCT crl-24514 174 17 but but CCONJ crl-24514 174 18 this this PRON crl-24514 174 19 represented represent VERB crl-24514 174 20 a a DET crl-24514 174 21 significant significant ADJ crl-24514 174 22 decrease decrease NOUN crl-24514 174 23 of of ADP crl-24514 174 24 15 15 NUM crl-24514 174 25 percent percent NOUN crl-24514 174 26 from from ADP crl-24514 174 27 early early ADV crl-24514 174 28 in in ADP crl-24514 174 29 the the DET crl-24514 174 30 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 174 31 , , PUNCT crl-24514 174 32 t(272 t(272 NOUN crl-24514 174 33 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 174 34 = = X crl-24514 174 35 3.02 3.02 NUM crl-24514 174 36 , , PUNCT crl-24514 174 37 p p NOUN crl-24514 174 38 = = NOUN crl-24514 174 39 .003 .003 NUM crl-24514 174 40 . . PUNCT crl-24514 175 1 there there PRON crl-24514 175 2 was be VERB crl-24514 175 3 only only ADV crl-24514 175 4 a a DET crl-24514 175 5 2 2 NUM crl-24514 175 6 percent percent NOUN crl-24514 175 7 increase increase NOUN crl-24514 175 8 in in ADP crl-24514 175 9 the the DET crl-24514 175 10 proportion proportion NOUN crl-24514 175 11 of of ADP crl-24514 175 12 students student NOUN crl-24514 175 13 who who PRON crl-24514 175 14 evaluated evaluate VERB crl-24514 175 15 the the DET crl-24514 175 16 article article NOUN crl-24514 175 17 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 175 18 publisher publisher NOUN crl-24514 175 19 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 175 20 59 59 NUM crl-24514 175 21 % % NOUN crl-24514 175 22 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 175 23 late late ADV crl-24514 175 24 in in ADP crl-24514 175 25 the the DET crl-24514 175 26 course course NOUN crl-24514 175 27 . . PUNCT crl-24514 176 1 this this DET crl-24514 176 2 difference difference NOUN crl-24514 176 3 was be AUX crl-24514 176 4 not not PART crl-24514 176 5 statistically statistically ADV crl-24514 176 6 significant significant ADJ crl-24514 176 7 , , PUNCT crl-24514 176 8 t(272 t(272 ADJ crl-24514 176 9 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 176 10 = = PROPN crl-24514 176 11 .37 .37 PROPN crl-24514 176 12 , , PUNCT crl-24514 176 13 p p NOUN crl-24514 176 14 = = PROPN crl-24514 176 15 .72 .72 PROPN crl-24514 176 16 . . PUNCT crl-24514 177 1 significantly significantly ADV crl-24514 177 2 fewer few ADJ crl-24514 177 3 students student NOUN crl-24514 177 4 evaluated evaluate VERB crl-24514 177 5 an an DET crl-24514 177 6 article article NOUN crl-24514 177 7 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 177 8 content content NOUN crl-24514 177 9 late late ADV crl-24514 177 10 in in ADP crl-24514 177 11 the the DET crl-24514 177 12 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 177 13 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 177 14 55 55 NUM crl-24514 177 15 % % NOUN crl-24514 177 16 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 177 17 , , PUNCT crl-24514 177 18 a a DET crl-24514 177 19 31 31 NUM crl-24514 177 20 % % NOUN crl-24514 177 21 decrease decrease NOUN crl-24514 177 22 , , PUNCT crl-24514 177 23 t(272 t(272 NOUN crl-24514 177 24 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 177 25 = = X crl-24514 177 26 6.04 6.04 NUM crl-24514 177 27 , , PUNCT crl-24514 177 28 p p NOUN crl-24514 177 29 < < X crl-24514 177 30 .001 .001 NUM crl-24514 177 31 . . PUNCT crl-24514 178 1 finally finally ADV crl-24514 178 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 178 3 about about ADP crl-24514 178 4 the the DET crl-24514 178 5 same same ADJ crl-24514 178 6 percentages percentage NOUN crl-24514 178 7 of of ADP crl-24514 178 8 students student NOUN crl-24514 178 9 evaluated evaluate VERB crl-24514 178 10 the the DET crl-24514 178 11 article article NOUN crl-24514 178 12 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 178 13 visuals visual NOUN crl-24514 178 14 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 178 15 29 29 NUM crl-24514 178 16 % % NOUN crl-24514 178 17 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 178 18 , , PUNCT crl-24514 178 19 style style NOUN crl-24514 178 20 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 178 21 25 25 NUM crl-24514 178 22 % % NOUN crl-24514 178 23 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 178 24 , , PUNCT crl-24514 178 25 and and CCONJ crl-24514 178 26 date date NOUN crl-24514 178 27 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 178 28 25 25 NUM crl-24514 178 29 % % NOUN crl-24514 178 30 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 178 31 at at ADP crl-24514 178 32 the the DET crl-24514 178 33 end end NOUN crl-24514 178 34 of of ADP crl-24514 178 35 the the DET crl-24514 178 36 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 178 37 . . PUNCT crl-24514 179 1 these these DET crl-24514 179 2 values value NOUN crl-24514 179 3 represented represent VERB crl-24514 179 4 significant significant ADJ crl-24514 179 5 increases increase NOUN crl-24514 179 6 for for ADP crl-24514 179 7 visuals visual NOUN crl-24514 179 8 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 179 9 15 15 NUM crl-24514 179 10 % % NOUN crl-24514 179 11 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 179 12 , , PUNCT crl-24514 179 13 t(272 t(272 NOUN crl-24514 179 14 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 179 15 = = X crl-24514 179 16 3.00 3.00 NUM crl-24514 179 17 , , PUNCT crl-24514 179 18 p p NOUN crl-24514 179 19 = = NOUN crl-24514 179 20 .003 .003 NUM crl-24514 179 21 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 179 22 and and CCONJ crl-24514 179 23 date date NOUN crl-24514 179 24 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 179 25 20 20 NUM crl-24514 179 26 % % NOUN crl-24514 179 27 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 179 28 , , PUNCT crl-24514 179 29 t(272 t(272 NOUN crl-24514 179 30 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 179 31 = = X crl-24514 179 32 4.99 4.99 NUM crl-24514 179 33 , , PUNCT crl-24514 179 34 p p NOUN crl-24514 179 35 = = PROPN crl-24514 179 36 .001 .001 NUM crl-24514 179 37 . . PUNCT crl-24514 180 1 the the DET crl-24514 180 2 frequency frequency NOUN crl-24514 180 3 with with ADP crl-24514 180 4 which which DET crl-24514 180 5 writing writing NOUN crl-24514 180 6 style style NOUN crl-24514 180 7 was be AUX crl-24514 180 8 evaluated evaluate VERB crl-24514 180 9 late late ADV crl-24514 180 10 in in ADP crl-24514 180 11 the the DET crl-24514 180 12 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 180 13 was be AUX crl-24514 180 14 not not PART crl-24514 180 15 significantly significantly ADV crl-24514 180 16 different different ADJ crl-24514 180 17 from from ADP crl-24514 180 18 early early ADV crl-24514 180 19 in in ADP crl-24514 180 20 the the DET crl-24514 180 21 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 180 22 , , PUNCT crl-24514 180 23 t(272 t(272 NOUN crl-24514 180 24 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 180 25 = = NOUN crl-24514 180 26 1.85 1.85 NUM crl-24514 180 27 , , PUNCT crl-24514 180 28 p p NOUN crl-24514 180 29 = = SYM crl-24514 180 30 .07 .07 NUM crl-24514 180 31 . . PUNCT crl-24514 181 1 figure figure VERB crl-24514 181 2 4 4 NUM crl-24514 181 3 average average ADJ crl-24514 181 4 breadth breadth NOUN crl-24514 181 5 of of ADP crl-24514 181 6 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 181 7 in in ADP crl-24514 181 8 earlyand earlyand NOUN crl-24514 181 9 late late ADJ crl-24514 181 10 - - PUNCT crl-24514 181 11 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 181 12 assessments assessment NOUN crl-24514 181 13 * * PUNCT crl-24514 181 14 * * PUNCT crl-24514 181 15 nonoverlapping nonoverlapping NOUN crl-24514 181 16 error error NOUN crl-24514 181 17 bars bar NOUN crl-24514 181 18 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 181 19 95 95 NUM crl-24514 181 20 % % NOUN crl-24514 181 21 confidence confidence NOUN crl-24514 181 22 intervals interval NOUN crl-24514 181 23 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 181 24 would would AUX crl-24514 181 25 indicate indicate VERB crl-24514 181 26 a a DET crl-24514 181 27 statistical statistical ADJ crl-24514 181 28 difference difference NOUN crl-24514 181 29 between between ADP crl-24514 181 30 these these DET crl-24514 181 31 averages average NOUN crl-24514 181 32 . . PUNCT crl-24514 182 1 834 834 NUM crl-24514 182 2 college college PROPN crl-24514 182 3 & & CCONJ crl-24514 182 4 research research PROPN crl-24514 182 5 libraries library NOUN crl-24514 182 6 july july PROPN crl-24514 182 7 2020 2020 NUM crl-24514 182 8 rq4 rq4 NOUN crl-24514 182 9 asked ask VERB crl-24514 182 10 about about ADP crl-24514 182 11 the the DET crl-24514 182 12 difference difference NOUN crl-24514 182 13 in in ADP crl-24514 182 14 how how SCONJ crl-24514 182 15 well well ADJ crl-24514 182 16 students student NOUN crl-24514 182 17 argued argue VERB crl-24514 182 18 about about ADP crl-24514 182 19 the the DET crl-24514 182 20 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 182 21 of of ADP crl-24514 182 22 the the DET crl-24514 182 23 source source NOUN crl-24514 182 24 , , PUNCT crl-24514 182 25 that that ADV crl-24514 182 26 is is ADV crl-24514 182 27 , , PUNCT crl-24514 182 28 the the DET crl-24514 182 29 depth depth NOUN crl-24514 182 30 of of ADP crl-24514 182 31 students student NOUN crl-24514 182 32 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 182 33 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 182 34 . . PUNCT crl-24514 183 1 while while SCONJ crl-24514 183 2 a a DET crl-24514 183 3 majority majority NOUN crl-24514 183 4 of of ADP crl-24514 183 5 the the DET crl-24514 183 6 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 183 7 still still ADV crl-24514 183 8 were be AUX crl-24514 183 9 evaluated evaluate VERB crl-24514 183 10 at at ADP crl-24514 183 11 level level NOUN crl-24514 183 12 2 2 NUM crl-24514 183 13 late late ADV crl-24514 183 14 in in ADP crl-24514 183 15 the the DET crl-24514 183 16 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 183 17 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 183 18 43 43 NUM crl-24514 183 19 % % NOUN crl-24514 183 20 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 183 21 , , PUNCT crl-24514 183 22 this this PRON crl-24514 183 23 was be AUX crl-24514 183 24 a a DET crl-24514 183 25 decrease decrease NOUN crl-24514 183 26 from from ADP crl-24514 183 27 early early ADV crl-24514 183 28 in in ADP crl-24514 183 29 the the DET crl-24514 183 30 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 183 31 . . PUNCT crl-24514 184 1 significantly significantly ADV crl-24514 184 2 more more ADJ crl-24514 184 3 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 184 4 were be AUX crl-24514 184 5 evaluated evaluate VERB crl-24514 184 6 at at ADP crl-24514 184 7 level level NOUN crl-24514 184 8 3 3 NUM crl-24514 184 9 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 184 10 34 34 NUM crl-24514 184 11 % % NOUN crl-24514 184 12 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 184 13 , , PUNCT crl-24514 184 14 and and CCONJ crl-24514 184 15 significantly significantly ADV crl-24514 184 16 fewer few ADJ crl-24514 184 17 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 184 18 were be AUX crl-24514 184 19 evaluated evaluate VERB crl-24514 184 20 at at ADP crl-24514 184 21 level level NOUN crl-24514 184 22 1 1 NUM crl-24514 184 23 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 184 24 23 23 NUM crl-24514 184 25 % % NOUN crl-24514 184 26 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 184 27 . . PUNCT crl-24514 185 1 as as SCONJ crl-24514 185 2 figure figure NOUN crl-24514 185 3 5 5 NUM crl-24514 185 4 illustrates illustrate NOUN crl-24514 185 5 , , PUNCT crl-24514 185 6 there there PRON crl-24514 185 7 was be VERB crl-24514 185 8 a a DET crl-24514 185 9 significant significant ADJ crl-24514 185 10 increase increase NOUN crl-24514 185 11 of of ADP crl-24514 185 12 .40 .40 NUM crl-24514 185 13 in in ADP crl-24514 185 14 average average ADJ crl-24514 185 15 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 185 16 depth depth NOUN crl-24514 185 17 , , PUNCT crl-24514 185 18 with with ADP crl-24514 185 19 the the DET crl-24514 185 20 average average ADJ crl-24514 185 21 cue cue NOUN crl-24514 185 22 being be AUX crl-24514 185 23 evaluated evaluate VERB crl-24514 185 24 at at ADP crl-24514 185 25 a a DET crl-24514 185 26 depth depth NOUN crl-24514 185 27 of of ADP crl-24514 185 28 2.13 2.13 NUM crl-24514 185 29 late late ADV crl-24514 185 30 in in ADP crl-24514 185 31 the the DET crl-24514 185 32 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 185 33 , , PUNCT crl-24514 185 34 t(272 t(272 NOUN crl-24514 185 35 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 185 36 = = NOUN crl-24514 185 37 7.77 7.77 NUM crl-24514 185 38 , , PUNCT crl-24514 185 39 p p NOUN crl-24514 185 40 < < X crl-24514 185 41 .001 .001 NUM crl-24514 185 42 . . PUNCT crl-24514 186 1 discussion discussion NOUN crl-24514 186 2 when when SCONJ crl-24514 186 3 viewed view VERB crl-24514 186 4 as as ADP crl-24514 186 5 an an DET crl-24514 186 6 instrument instrument NOUN crl-24514 186 7 of of ADP crl-24514 186 8 formative formative ADJ crl-24514 186 9 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 186 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 186 11 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 186 12 results result NOUN crl-24514 186 13 showed show VERB crl-24514 186 14 students student NOUN crl-24514 186 15 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 186 16 baseline baseline PROPN crl-24514 186 17 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-24514 186 18 . . PUNCT crl-24514 187 1 as as ADP crl-24514 187 2 summative summative ADJ crl-24514 187 3 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 187 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 187 5 the the DET crl-24514 187 6 results result NOUN crl-24514 187 7 documented document VERB crl-24514 187 8 students student NOUN crl-24514 187 9 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 187 10 progress progress NOUN crl-24514 187 11 in in ADP crl-24514 187 12 source source NOUN crl-24514 187 13 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 187 14 over over ADP crl-24514 187 15 the the DET crl-24514 187 16 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 187 17 . . PUNCT crl-24514 188 1 positioned position VERB crl-24514 188 2 between between ADP crl-24514 188 3 the the DET crl-24514 188 4 two two NUM crl-24514 188 5 assessments assessment NOUN crl-24514 188 6 , , PUNCT crl-24514 188 7 the the DET crl-24514 188 8 infomania infomania PROPN crl-24514 188 9 course course NOUN crl-24514 188 10 functions function NOUN crl-24514 188 11 as as ADP crl-24514 188 12 an an DET crl-24514 188 13 intervention intervention NOUN crl-24514 188 14 aimed aim VERB crl-24514 188 15 at at ADP crl-24514 188 16 developing develop VERB crl-24514 188 17 students student NOUN crl-24514 188 18 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 188 19 abilities ability NOUN crl-24514 188 20 to to PART crl-24514 188 21 identify identify VERB crl-24514 188 22 , , PUNCT crl-24514 188 23 research research NOUN crl-24514 188 24 , , PUNCT crl-24514 188 25 and and CCONJ crl-24514 188 26 contextualize contextualize VERB crl-24514 188 27 markers marker NOUN crl-24514 188 28 of of ADP crl-24514 188 29 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 188 30 . . PUNCT crl-24514 189 1 the the DET crl-24514 189 2 authors author NOUN crl-24514 189 3 used use VERB crl-24514 189 4 the the DET crl-24514 189 5 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 189 6 results result NOUN crl-24514 189 7 to to PART crl-24514 189 8 gauge gauge VERB crl-24514 189 9 how how SCONJ crl-24514 189 10 efficacious efficacious ADJ crl-24514 189 11 the the DET crl-24514 189 12 course course NOUN crl-24514 189 13 was be AUX crl-24514 189 14 in in ADP crl-24514 189 15 meeting meet VERB crl-24514 189 16 these these DET crl-24514 189 17 learning learn VERB crl-24514 189 18 objectives objective NOUN crl-24514 189 19 , , PUNCT crl-24514 189 20 and and CCONJ crl-24514 189 21 to to PART crl-24514 189 22 identify identify VERB crl-24514 189 23 opportunities opportunity NOUN crl-24514 189 24 for for ADP crl-24514 189 25 tailoring tailor VERB crl-24514 189 26 instruction instruction NOUN crl-24514 189 27 in in ADP crl-24514 189 28 subsequent subsequent ADJ crl-24514 189 29 iterations iteration NOUN crl-24514 189 30 of of ADP crl-24514 189 31 the the DET crl-24514 189 32 course course NOUN crl-24514 189 33 . . PUNCT crl-24514 190 1 the the DET crl-24514 190 2 following follow VERB crl-24514 190 3 sections section NOUN crl-24514 190 4 discuss discuss VERB crl-24514 190 5 the the DET crl-24514 190 6 key key ADJ crl-24514 190 7 insights insight NOUN crl-24514 190 8 that that PRON crl-24514 190 9 emerged emerge VERB crl-24514 190 10 from from ADP crl-24514 190 11 the the DET crl-24514 190 12 two two NUM crl-24514 190 13 administrations administration NOUN crl-24514 190 14 of of ADP crl-24514 190 15 the the DET crl-24514 190 16 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 190 17 . . PUNCT crl-24514 191 1 formative formative ADJ crl-24514 191 2 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 191 3 at at ADP crl-24514 191 4 the the DET crl-24514 191 5 beginning beginning NOUN crl-24514 191 6 of of ADP crl-24514 191 7 the the DET crl-24514 191 8 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 191 9 , , PUNCT crl-24514 191 10 most most ADJ crl-24514 191 11 students student NOUN crl-24514 191 12 were be AUX crl-24514 191 13 novices novice NOUN crl-24514 191 14 at at ADP crl-24514 191 15 determining determine VERB crl-24514 191 16 source source NOUN crl-24514 191 17 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 191 18 because because SCONJ crl-24514 191 19 they they PRON crl-24514 191 20 failed fail VERB crl-24514 191 21 to to PART crl-24514 191 22 offer offer VERB crl-24514 191 23 evidence evidence NOUN crl-24514 191 24 - - PUNCT crl-24514 191 25 based base VERB crl-24514 191 26 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 191 27 . . PUNCT crl-24514 192 1 some some DET crl-24514 192 2 students student NOUN crl-24514 192 3 also also ADV crl-24514 192 4 showed show VERB crl-24514 192 5 ritual ritual ADJ crl-24514 192 6 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-24514 192 7 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 192 8 that that ADV crl-24514 192 9 is be AUX crl-24514 192 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 192 11 rehearsed rehearse VERB crl-24514 192 12 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 192 13 language language NOUN crl-24514 192 14 that that PRON crl-24514 192 15 did do AUX crl-24514 192 16 not not PART crl-24514 192 17 match match VERB crl-24514 192 18 the the DET crl-24514 192 19 source source NOUN crl-24514 192 20 under under ADP crl-24514 192 21 consideration consideration NOUN crl-24514 192 22 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 192 23 . . PUNCT crl-24514 193 1 in in ADP crl-24514 193 2 their their PRON crl-24514 193 3 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 193 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 193 5 most most ADJ crl-24514 193 6 students student NOUN crl-24514 193 7 identified identify VERB crl-24514 193 8 at at ADV crl-24514 193 9 least least ADJ crl-24514 193 10 one one NUM crl-24514 193 11 of of ADP crl-24514 193 12 these these DET crl-24514 193 13 four four NUM crl-24514 193 14 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 193 15 as as ADP crl-24514 193 16 indicators indicator NOUN crl-24514 193 17 of of ADP crl-24514 193 18 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 193 19 : : PUNCT crl-24514 193 20 author author NOUN crl-24514 193 21 , , PUNCT crl-24514 193 22 article article NOUN crl-24514 193 23 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 193 24 argument argument NOUN crl-24514 193 25 , , PUNCT crl-24514 193 26 publisher publisher NOUN crl-24514 193 27 , , PUNCT crl-24514 193 28 or or CCONJ crl-24514 193 29 an an DET crl-24514 193 30 article article NOUN crl-24514 193 31 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 193 32 sources source NOUN crl-24514 193 33 . . PUNCT crl-24514 194 1 a a DET crl-24514 194 2 majority majority NOUN crl-24514 194 3 of of ADP crl-24514 194 4 students student NOUN crl-24514 194 5 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 194 6 more more ADJ crl-24514 194 7 than than ADP crl-24514 194 8 80 80 NUM crl-24514 194 9 % % NOUN crl-24514 194 10 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 194 11 see see VERB crl-24514 194 12 figure figure NOUN crl-24514 194 13 3 3 NUM crl-24514 194 14 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 194 15 referenced reference VERB crl-24514 194 16 the the DET crl-24514 194 17 author author NOUN crl-24514 194 18 of of ADP crl-24514 194 19 the the DET crl-24514 194 20 article article NOUN crl-24514 194 21 they they PRON crl-24514 194 22 were be AUX crl-24514 194 23 evaluating evaluate VERB crl-24514 194 24 , , PUNCT crl-24514 194 25 and and CCONJ crl-24514 194 26 thus thus ADV crl-24514 194 27 earned earn VERB crl-24514 194 28 a a DET crl-24514 194 29 point point NOUN crl-24514 194 30 on on ADP crl-24514 194 31 breadth breadth NOUN crl-24514 194 32 . . PUNCT crl-24514 195 1 students student NOUN crl-24514 195 2 then then ADV crl-24514 195 3 scored score VERB crl-24514 195 4 either either CCONJ crl-24514 195 5 1 1 NUM crl-24514 195 6 on on ADP crl-24514 195 7 the the DET crl-24514 195 8 depth depth NOUN crl-24514 195 9 of of ADP crl-24514 195 10 their their PRON crl-24514 195 11 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 195 12 for for ADP crl-24514 195 13 indicating indicate VERB crl-24514 195 14 the the DET crl-24514 195 15 existence existence NOUN crl-24514 195 16 of of ADP crl-24514 195 17 an an DET crl-24514 195 18 author author NOUN crl-24514 195 19 , , PUNCT crl-24514 195 20 2 2 NUM crl-24514 195 21 for for ADP crl-24514 195 22 voicing voice VERB crl-24514 195 23 their their PRON crl-24514 195 24 opinion opinion NOUN crl-24514 195 25 of of ADP crl-24514 195 26 the the DET crl-24514 195 27 author author NOUN crl-24514 195 28 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 195 29 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 195 30 , , PUNCT crl-24514 195 31 or or CCONJ crl-24514 195 32 3 3 NUM crl-24514 195 33 if if SCONJ crl-24514 195 34 they they PRON crl-24514 195 35 supported support VERB crl-24514 195 36 their their PRON crl-24514 195 37 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 195 38 with with ADP crl-24514 195 39 evidence evidence NOUN crl-24514 195 40 from from ADP crl-24514 195 41 other other ADJ crl-24514 195 42 sources source NOUN crl-24514 195 43 . . PUNCT crl-24514 196 1 only only ADV crl-24514 196 2 14 14 NUM crl-24514 196 3 students student NOUN crl-24514 196 4 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 196 5 9 9 NUM crl-24514 196 6 % % NOUN crl-24514 196 7 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 196 8 , , PUNCT crl-24514 196 9 however however ADV crl-24514 196 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 196 11 reached reach VERB crl-24514 196 12 the the DET crl-24514 196 13 third third ADJ crl-24514 196 14 level level NOUN crl-24514 196 15 . . PUNCT crl-24514 197 1 instead instead ADV crl-24514 197 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 197 3 students student NOUN crl-24514 197 4 typically typically ADV crl-24514 197 5 figure figure VERB crl-24514 197 6 5 5 NUM crl-24514 197 7 average average ADJ crl-24514 197 8 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 197 9 depth depth NOUN crl-24514 197 10 in in ADP crl-24514 197 11 earlyand earlyand NOUN crl-24514 197 12 late late ADJ crl-24514 197 13 - - PUNCT crl-24514 197 14 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 197 15 assessments assessment NOUN crl-24514 197 16 * * PUNCT crl-24514 197 17 * * PUNCT crl-24514 197 18 nonoverlapping nonoverlapping NOUN crl-24514 197 19 error error NOUN crl-24514 197 20 bars bar NOUN crl-24514 197 21 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 197 22 95 95 NUM crl-24514 197 23 % % NOUN crl-24514 197 24 confidence confidence NOUN crl-24514 197 25 intervals interval NOUN crl-24514 197 26 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 197 27 indicate indicate VERB crl-24514 197 28 a a DET crl-24514 197 29 statistical statistical ADJ crl-24514 197 30 difference difference NOUN crl-24514 197 31 between between ADP crl-24514 197 32 these these DET crl-24514 197 33 averages average NOUN crl-24514 197 34 . . PUNCT crl-24514 198 1 news news NOUN crl-24514 198 2 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 198 3 835 835 NUM crl-24514 198 4 either either CCONJ crl-24514 198 5 mentioned mention VERB crl-24514 198 6 the the DET crl-24514 198 7 existence existence NOUN crl-24514 198 8 of of ADP crl-24514 198 9 the the DET crl-24514 198 10 author author NOUN crl-24514 198 11 or or CCONJ crl-24514 198 12 offered offer VERB crl-24514 198 13 their their PRON crl-24514 198 14 opinion opinion NOUN crl-24514 198 15 of of ADP crl-24514 198 16 the the DET crl-24514 198 17 author author NOUN crl-24514 198 18 without without ADP crl-24514 198 19 providing provide VERB crl-24514 198 20 supporting support VERB crl-24514 198 21 evidence evidence NOUN crl-24514 198 22 . . PUNCT crl-24514 199 1 the the DET crl-24514 199 2 following following ADJ crl-24514 199 3 excerpt excerpt NOUN crl-24514 199 4 from from ADP crl-24514 199 5 a a DET crl-24514 199 6 student student NOUN crl-24514 199 7 ’s ’s NOUN crl-24514 199 8 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 199 9 of of ADP crl-24514 199 10 an an DET crl-24514 199 11 article article NOUN crl-24514 199 12 about about ADP crl-24514 199 13 echo echo NOUN crl-24514 199 14 chambers chamber NOUN crl-24514 199 15 written write VERB crl-24514 199 16 by by ADP crl-24514 199 17 a a DET crl-24514 199 18 fellow fellow NOUN crl-24514 199 19 in in ADP crl-24514 199 20 buzzfeed buzzfeed NOUN crl-24514 199 21 ’s ’s NUM crl-24514 199 22 open open ADJ crl-24514 199 23 lab lab NOUN crl-24514 199 24 for for ADP crl-24514 199 25 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 199 26 , , PUNCT crl-24514 199 27 technology technology NOUN crl-24514 199 28 , , PUNCT crl-24514 199 29 and and CCONJ crl-24514 199 30 the the DET crl-24514 199 31 arts art NOUN crl-24514 199 32 illustrates illustrate VERB crl-24514 199 33 the the DET crl-24514 199 34 latter latter ADJ crl-24514 199 35 : : PUNCT crl-24514 199 36 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 199 37 the the DET crl-24514 199 38 writer writer NOUN crl-24514 199 39 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 199 40 job job NOUN crl-24514 199 41 title title NOUN crl-24514 199 42 is be AUX crl-24514 199 43 ‘ ' PUNCT crl-24514 199 44 buzzfeed buzzfeed VERB crl-24514 199 45 open open ADJ crl-24514 199 46 lab lab NOUN crl-24514 199 47 fellow fellow NOUN crl-24514 199 48 , , PUNCT crl-24514 199 49 ’ ' PUNCT crl-24514 199 50 i i PRON crl-24514 199 51 am be AUX crl-24514 199 52 not not PART crl-24514 199 53 sure sure ADJ crl-24514 199 54 what what PRON crl-24514 199 55 that that DET crl-24514 199 56 position position NOUN crl-24514 199 57 is be AUX crl-24514 199 58 or or CCONJ crl-24514 199 59 what what PRON crl-24514 199 60 is be AUX crl-24514 199 61 required require VERB crl-24514 199 62 to to PART crl-24514 199 63 have have VERB crl-24514 199 64 that that DET crl-24514 199 65 title title NOUN crl-24514 199 66 , , PUNCT crl-24514 199 67 therefore therefore ADV crl-24514 199 68 this this PRON crl-24514 199 69 also also ADV crl-24514 199 70 takes take VERB crl-24514 199 71 away away ADV crl-24514 199 72 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 199 73 . . PUNCT crl-24514 199 74 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 200 1 the the DET crl-24514 200 2 author author NOUN crl-24514 200 3 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 200 4 title title NOUN crl-24514 200 5 was be AUX crl-24514 200 6 presented present VERB crl-24514 200 7 in in ADP crl-24514 200 8 the the DET crl-24514 200 9 article article NOUN crl-24514 200 10 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 200 11 byline byline NOUN crl-24514 200 12 and and CCONJ crl-24514 200 13 was be AUX crl-24514 200 14 mentioned mention VERB crl-24514 200 15 in in ADP crl-24514 200 16 the the DET crl-24514 200 17 text text NOUN crl-24514 200 18 of of ADP crl-24514 200 19 the the DET crl-24514 200 20 article article NOUN crl-24514 200 21 . . PUNCT crl-24514 201 1 this this DET crl-24514 201 2 student student NOUN crl-24514 201 3 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 201 4 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 201 5 , , PUNCT crl-24514 201 6 thus thus ADV crl-24514 201 7 , , PUNCT crl-24514 201 8 indicates indicate VERB crl-24514 201 9 that that SCONJ crl-24514 201 10 while while SCONJ crl-24514 201 11 this this DET crl-24514 201 12 student student NOUN crl-24514 201 13 read read VERB crl-24514 201 14 the the DET crl-24514 201 15 article article NOUN crl-24514 201 16 , , PUNCT crl-24514 201 17 they they PRON crl-24514 201 18 did do AUX crl-24514 201 19 not not PART crl-24514 201 20 advance advance VERB crl-24514 201 21 an an DET crl-24514 201 22 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 201 23 beyond beyond ADP crl-24514 201 24 , , PUNCT crl-24514 201 25 what what PRON crl-24514 201 26 appears appear VERB crl-24514 201 27 to to PART crl-24514 201 28 be be AUX crl-24514 201 29 , , PUNCT crl-24514 201 30 a a DET crl-24514 201 31 superficial superficial ADJ crl-24514 201 32 opinion opinion NOUN crl-24514 201 33 . . PUNCT crl-24514 202 1 a a DET crl-24514 202 2 comparable comparable ADJ crl-24514 202 3 majority majority NOUN crl-24514 202 4 of of ADP crl-24514 202 5 students student NOUN crl-24514 202 6 scored score VERB crl-24514 202 7 a a DET crl-24514 202 8 point point NOUN crl-24514 202 9 on on ADP crl-24514 202 10 the the DET crl-24514 202 11 breadth breadth NOUN crl-24514 202 12 dimension dimension NOUN crl-24514 202 13 for for ADP crl-24514 202 14 mentioning mention VERB crl-24514 202 15 in in ADP crl-24514 202 16 their their PRON crl-24514 202 17 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 202 18 the the DET crl-24514 202 19 argument argument NOUN crl-24514 202 20 presented present VERB crl-24514 202 21 in in ADP crl-24514 202 22 the the DET crl-24514 202 23 article article NOUN crl-24514 202 24 . . PUNCT crl-24514 203 1 hardly hardly ADV crl-24514 203 2 any any PRON crl-24514 203 3 of of ADP crl-24514 203 4 these these DET crl-24514 203 5 students student NOUN crl-24514 203 6 , , PUNCT crl-24514 203 7 however however ADV crl-24514 203 8 , , PUNCT crl-24514 203 9 provided provide VERB crl-24514 203 10 research research NOUN crl-24514 203 11 as as ADP crl-24514 203 12 evidence evidence NOUN crl-24514 203 13 of of ADP crl-24514 203 14 their their PRON crl-24514 203 15 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 203 16 determinations determination NOUN crl-24514 203 17 . . PUNCT crl-24514 204 1 one one NUM crl-24514 204 2 student student NOUN crl-24514 204 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 204 4 for for ADP crl-24514 204 5 instance instance NOUN crl-24514 204 6 , , PUNCT crl-24514 204 7 wrote write VERB crl-24514 204 8 : : PUNCT crl-24514 204 9 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 204 10 i i PRON crl-24514 204 11 agree agree VERB crl-24514 204 12 with with ADP crl-24514 204 13 the the DET crl-24514 204 14 author author NOUN crl-24514 204 15 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 204 16 standpoint standpoint NOUN crl-24514 204 17 but but CCONJ crl-24514 204 18 i i PRON crl-24514 204 19 do do AUX crl-24514 204 20 n’t not PART crl-24514 204 21 believe believe VERB crl-24514 204 22 it it PRON crl-24514 204 23 is be AUX crl-24514 204 24 a a DET crl-24514 204 25 credible credible ADJ crl-24514 204 26 article article NOUN crl-24514 204 27 . . PUNCT crl-24514 204 28 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 205 1 this this DET crl-24514 205 2 student student NOUN crl-24514 205 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 205 4 along along ADP crl-24514 205 5 with with ADP crl-24514 205 6 many many ADJ crl-24514 205 7 peers peer NOUN crl-24514 205 8 , , PUNCT crl-24514 205 9 did do AUX crl-24514 205 10 not not PART crl-24514 205 11 summarize summarize VERB crl-24514 205 12 or or CCONJ crl-24514 205 13 otherwise otherwise ADV crl-24514 205 14 express express VERB crl-24514 205 15 their their PRON crl-24514 205 16 understanding understanding NOUN crl-24514 205 17 of of ADP crl-24514 205 18 the the DET crl-24514 205 19 author author NOUN crl-24514 205 20 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 205 21 argument argument NOUN crl-24514 205 22 , , PUNCT crl-24514 205 23 that that PRON crl-24514 205 24 echo echo PROPN crl-24514 205 25 chambers chambers PROPN crl-24514 205 26 limit limit VERB crl-24514 205 27 a a DET crl-24514 205 28 person person NOUN crl-24514 205 29 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 205 30 diversity diversity NOUN crl-24514 205 31 of of ADP crl-24514 205 32 information information NOUN crl-24514 205 33 online online ADV crl-24514 205 34 , , PUNCT crl-24514 205 35 and and CCONJ crl-24514 205 36 thus thus ADV crl-24514 205 37 scored score VERB crl-24514 205 38 1 1 NUM crl-24514 205 39 on on ADP crl-24514 205 40 the the DET crl-24514 205 41 depth depth NOUN crl-24514 205 42 dimension dimension NOUN crl-24514 205 43 . . PUNCT crl-24514 206 1 the the DET crl-24514 206 2 article article NOUN crl-24514 206 3 that that SCONJ crl-24514 206 4 students student NOUN crl-24514 206 5 evaluated evaluate VERB crl-24514 206 6 at at ADP crl-24514 206 7 the the DET crl-24514 206 8 beginning beginning NOUN crl-24514 206 9 of of ADP crl-24514 206 10 the the DET crl-24514 206 11 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 206 12 was be AUX crl-24514 206 13 published publish VERB crl-24514 206 14 by by ADP crl-24514 206 15 buzzfeed buzzfeed NOUN crl-24514 206 16 . . PUNCT crl-24514 207 1 perhaps perhaps ADV crl-24514 207 2 because because SCONJ crl-24514 207 3 buzzfeed buzzfeed NOUN crl-24514 207 4 is be AUX crl-24514 207 5 a a DET crl-24514 207 6 popular popular ADJ crl-24514 207 7 information information NOUN crl-24514 207 8 source source NOUN crl-24514 207 9 among among ADP crl-24514 207 10 undergraduates,66 undergraduates,66 NOUN crl-24514 207 11 students student NOUN crl-24514 207 12 drew draw VERB crl-24514 207 13 more more ADJ crl-24514 207 14 on on ADP crl-24514 207 15 their their PRON crl-24514 207 16 own own ADJ crl-24514 207 17 experiences experience NOUN crl-24514 207 18 with with ADP crl-24514 207 19 this this DET crl-24514 207 20 website website NOUN crl-24514 207 21 in in ADP crl-24514 207 22 their their PRON crl-24514 207 23 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 207 24 calculations calculation NOUN crl-24514 207 25 than than SCONJ crl-24514 207 26 they they PRON crl-24514 207 27 did do VERB crl-24514 207 28 for for ADP crl-24514 207 29 any any DET crl-24514 207 30 other other ADJ crl-24514 207 31 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 207 32 cue cue NOUN crl-24514 207 33 . . PUNCT crl-24514 208 1 one one NUM crl-24514 208 2 student student NOUN crl-24514 208 3 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 208 4 response response NOUN crl-24514 208 5 exemplifies exemplify VERB crl-24514 208 6 this this DET crl-24514 208 7 practice practice NOUN crl-24514 208 8 : : PUNCT crl-24514 208 9 while while SCONJ crl-24514 208 10 looking look VERB crl-24514 208 11 for for ADP crl-24514 208 12 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 208 13 in in ADP crl-24514 208 14 anything anything PRON crl-24514 208 15 i i PRON crl-24514 208 16 look look VERB crl-24514 208 17 where where SCONJ crl-24514 208 18 it it PRON crl-24514 208 19 came come VERB crl-24514 208 20 from from ADP crl-24514 208 21 , , PUNCT crl-24514 208 22 and and CCONJ crl-24514 208 23 who who PRON crl-24514 208 24 wrote write VERB crl-24514 208 25 it it PRON crl-24514 208 26 . . PUNCT crl-24514 209 1 in in ADP crl-24514 209 2 this this DET crl-24514 209 3 case case NOUN crl-24514 209 4 it it PRON crl-24514 209 5 comes come VERB crl-24514 209 6 from from ADP crl-24514 209 7 buzzfeed buzzfeed NOUN crl-24514 209 8 , , PUNCT crl-24514 209 9 an an DET crl-24514 209 10 online online ADJ crl-24514 209 11 website website NOUN crl-24514 209 12 with with ADP crl-24514 209 13 quizzes quiz NOUN crl-24514 209 14 to to PART crl-24514 209 15 tell tell VERB crl-24514 209 16 what what DET crl-24514 209 17 kind kind NOUN crl-24514 209 18 of of ADP crl-24514 209 19 cupcake cupcake NOUN crl-24514 209 20 you you PRON crl-24514 209 21 are be AUX crl-24514 209 22 , , PUNCT crl-24514 209 23 with with ADP crl-24514 209 24 the the DET crl-24514 209 25 occasional occasional ADJ crl-24514 209 26 reporting reporting NOUN crl-24514 209 27 on on ADP crl-24514 209 28 big big ADJ crl-24514 209 29 events event NOUN crl-24514 209 30 happening happen VERB crl-24514 209 31 around around ADP crl-24514 209 32 the the DET crl-24514 209 33 world world NOUN crl-24514 209 34 . . PUNCT crl-24514 210 1 i i PRON crl-24514 210 2 find find VERB crl-24514 210 3 it it PRON crl-24514 210 4 hard hard ADJ crl-24514 210 5 to to PART crl-24514 210 6 separate separate VERB crl-24514 210 7 fact fact NOUN crl-24514 210 8 from from ADP crl-24514 210 9 [ [ X crl-24514 210 10 opinion opinion NOUN crl-24514 210 11 ] ] PUNCT crl-24514 210 12 on on ADP crl-24514 210 13 this this DET crl-24514 210 14 site site NOUN crl-24514 210 15 . . PUNCT crl-24514 211 1 i i PRON crl-24514 211 2 think think VERB crl-24514 211 3 that that SCONJ crl-24514 211 4 a a DET crl-24514 211 5 majority majority NOUN crl-24514 211 6 of of ADP crl-24514 211 7 the the DET crl-24514 211 8 content content NOUN crl-24514 211 9 is be AUX crl-24514 211 10 biased biased ADJ crl-24514 211 11 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 211 12 , , PUNCT crl-24514 211 13 instead instead ADV crl-24514 211 14 of of ADP crl-24514 211 15 a a DET crl-24514 211 16 trusted trust VERB crl-24514 211 17 new new ADJ crl-24514 211 18 [ [ X crl-24514 211 19 sic sic NOUN crl-24514 211 20 ] ] PUNCT crl-24514 211 21 source source NOUN crl-24514 211 22 . . PUNCT crl-24514 212 1 this this DET crl-24514 212 2 alone alone ADV crl-24514 212 3 leads lead VERB crl-24514 212 4 me i PRON crl-24514 212 5 to to PART crl-24514 212 6 think think VERB crl-24514 212 7 it it PRON crl-24514 212 8 is be AUX crl-24514 212 9 not not PART crl-24514 212 10 credible credible ADJ crl-24514 212 11 . . PUNCT crl-24514 213 1 this this DET crl-24514 213 2 student student NOUN crl-24514 213 3 ’s ’s NOUN crl-24514 213 4 experience experience NOUN crl-24514 213 5 with with ADP crl-24514 213 6 buzzfeed buzzfeed NOUN crl-24514 213 7 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 213 8 entertainment entertainment NOUN crl-24514 213 9 section section NOUN crl-24514 213 10 colored color VERB crl-24514 213 11 their their PRON crl-24514 213 12 perception perception NOUN crl-24514 213 13 of of ADP crl-24514 213 14 buzzfeed buzzfeed NOUN crl-24514 213 15 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 213 16 news news NOUN crl-24514 213 17 section section NOUN crl-24514 213 18 , , PUNCT crl-24514 213 19 highlighting highlight VERB crl-24514 213 20 an an DET crl-24514 213 21 inability inability NOUN crl-24514 213 22 to to PART crl-24514 213 23 disambiguate disambiguate VERB crl-24514 213 24 entertainment entertainment NOUN crl-24514 213 25 from from ADP crl-24514 213 26 news news NOUN crl-24514 213 27 stories story NOUN crl-24514 213 28 . . PUNCT crl-24514 214 1 students student NOUN crl-24514 214 2 rarely rarely ADV crl-24514 214 3 substantiated substantiate VERB crl-24514 214 4 their their PRON crl-24514 214 5 claims claim NOUN crl-24514 214 6 of of ADP crl-24514 214 7 bias bias NOUN crl-24514 214 8 or or CCONJ crl-24514 214 9 trust trust NOUN crl-24514 214 10 by by ADP crl-24514 214 11 researching research VERB crl-24514 214 12 buzzfeed buzzfeed NOUN crl-24514 214 13 ’s ’s NUM crl-24514 214 14 editorial editorial NOUN crl-24514 214 15 standards standard NOUN crl-24514 214 16 or or CCONJ crl-24514 214 17 publication publication NOUN crl-24514 214 18 processes process NOUN crl-24514 214 19 . . PUNCT crl-24514 215 1 instead instead ADV crl-24514 215 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 215 3 many many ADJ crl-24514 215 4 students student NOUN crl-24514 215 5 garnered garner VERB crl-24514 215 6 a a DET crl-24514 215 7 depth depth NOUN crl-24514 215 8 score score NOUN crl-24514 215 9 of of ADP crl-24514 215 10 2 2 NUM crl-24514 215 11 for for ADP crl-24514 215 12 the the DET crl-24514 215 13 publisher publisher NOUN crl-24514 215 14 by by ADP crl-24514 215 15 stating state VERB crl-24514 215 16 the the DET crl-24514 215 17 opinion opinion NOUN crl-24514 215 18 that that SCONJ crl-24514 215 19 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 215 20 anyone anyone PRON crl-24514 215 21 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 215 22 could could AUX crl-24514 215 23 post post VERB crl-24514 215 24 to to ADP crl-24514 215 25 the the DET crl-24514 215 26 website website NOUN crl-24514 215 27 . . PUNCT crl-24514 216 1 a a DET crl-24514 216 2 majority majority NOUN crl-24514 216 3 of of ADP crl-24514 216 4 students student NOUN crl-24514 216 5 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 216 6 more more ADJ crl-24514 216 7 than than ADP crl-24514 216 8 60 60 NUM crl-24514 216 9 % % NOUN crl-24514 216 10 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 216 11 also also ADV crl-24514 216 12 scored score VERB crl-24514 216 13 a a DET crl-24514 216 14 point point NOUN crl-24514 216 15 on on ADP crl-24514 216 16 the the DET crl-24514 216 17 breadth breadth NOUN crl-24514 216 18 dimension dimension NOUN crl-24514 216 19 by by ADP crl-24514 216 20 noting note VERB crl-24514 216 21 the the DET crl-24514 216 22 existence existence NOUN crl-24514 216 23 of of ADP crl-24514 216 24 sources source NOUN crl-24514 216 25 in in ADP crl-24514 216 26 the the DET crl-24514 216 27 article article NOUN crl-24514 216 28 . . PUNCT crl-24514 217 1 a a DET crl-24514 217 2 mere mere ADJ crl-24514 217 3 20 20 NUM crl-24514 217 4 percent percent NOUN crl-24514 217 5 of of ADP crl-24514 217 6 these these DET crl-24514 217 7 students student NOUN crl-24514 217 8 , , PUNCT crl-24514 217 9 however however ADV crl-24514 217 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 217 11 discussed discuss VERB crl-24514 217 12 validating validate VERB crl-24514 217 13 or or CCONJ crl-24514 217 14 researching research VERB crl-24514 217 15 the the DET crl-24514 217 16 sources source NOUN crl-24514 217 17 that that PRON crl-24514 217 18 were be AUX crl-24514 217 19 either either CCONJ crl-24514 217 20 hyperlinked hyperlinke VERB crl-24514 217 21 or or CCONJ crl-24514 217 22 mentioned mention VERB crl-24514 217 23 in in ADP crl-24514 217 24 the the DET crl-24514 217 25 article article NOUN crl-24514 217 26 . . PUNCT crl-24514 218 1 another another DET crl-24514 218 2 25 25 NUM crl-24514 218 3 percent percent NOUN crl-24514 218 4 of of ADP crl-24514 218 5 the the DET crl-24514 218 6 students student NOUN crl-24514 218 7 who who PRON crl-24514 218 8 mentioned mention VERB crl-24514 218 9 sources source NOUN crl-24514 218 10 scored score VERB crl-24514 218 11 2 2 NUM crl-24514 218 12 on on ADP crl-24514 218 13 the the DET crl-24514 218 14 depth depth NOUN crl-24514 218 15 dimension dimension NOUN crl-24514 218 16 for for ADP crl-24514 218 17 offering offer VERB crl-24514 218 18 their their PRON crl-24514 218 19 general general ADJ crl-24514 218 20 opinions opinion NOUN crl-24514 218 21 of of ADP crl-24514 218 22 citation citation NOUN crl-24514 218 23 practices practice NOUN crl-24514 218 24 or or CCONJ crl-24514 218 25 markers marker NOUN crl-24514 218 26 of of ADP crl-24514 218 27 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 218 28 . . PUNCT crl-24514 219 1 the the DET crl-24514 219 2 following follow VERB crl-24514 219 3 excerpt excerpt NOUN crl-24514 219 4 represents represent VERB crl-24514 219 5 a a DET crl-24514 219 6 typical typical ADJ crl-24514 219 7 2 2 NUM crl-24514 219 8 - - PUNCT crl-24514 219 9 point point NOUN crl-24514 219 10 statement statement NOUN crl-24514 219 11 about about ADP crl-24514 219 12 sources source NOUN crl-24514 219 13 : : PUNCT crl-24514 219 14 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 219 15 the the DET crl-24514 219 16 article article NOUN crl-24514 219 17 used use VERB crl-24514 219 18 sources source NOUN crl-24514 219 19 with with ADP crl-24514 219 20 facts fact NOUN crl-24514 219 21 and and CCONJ crl-24514 219 22 statistics statistic NOUN crl-24514 219 23 and and CCONJ crl-24514 219 24 cited cite VERB crl-24514 219 25 them they PRON crl-24514 219 26 correctly correctly ADV crl-24514 219 27 . . PUNCT crl-24514 220 1 not not PART crl-24514 220 2 only only ADV crl-24514 220 3 that that PRON crl-24514 220 4 but but CCONJ crl-24514 220 5 they they PRON crl-24514 220 6 cited cite VERB crl-24514 220 7 it it PRON crl-24514 220 8 within within ADP crl-24514 220 9 the the DET crl-24514 220 10 article article NOUN crl-24514 220 11 using use VERB crl-24514 220 12 hyper hyper ADJ crl-24514 220 13 links link NOUN crl-24514 220 14 [ [ X crl-24514 220 15 sic sic X crl-24514 220 16 ] ] PUNCT crl-24514 220 17 making make VERB crl-24514 220 18 it it PRON crl-24514 220 19 very very ADV crl-24514 220 20 easy easy ADJ crl-24514 220 21 for for SCONJ crl-24514 220 22 us we PRON crl-24514 220 23 to to PART crl-24514 220 24 check check VERB crl-24514 220 25 the the DET crl-24514 220 26 sources source NOUN crl-24514 220 27 . . PUNCT crl-24514 220 28 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 221 1 the the DET crl-24514 221 2 student student NOUN crl-24514 221 3 noticed notice VERB crl-24514 221 4 the the DET crl-24514 221 5 author author NOUN crl-24514 221 6 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 221 7 use use NOUN crl-24514 221 8 of of ADP crl-24514 221 9 statistics statistic NOUN crl-24514 221 10 to to PART crl-24514 221 11 discuss discuss VERB crl-24514 221 12 the the DET crl-24514 221 13 2016 2016 NUM crl-24514 221 14 u.s u.s PROPN crl-24514 221 15 . . PROPN crl-24514 221 16 presidential presidential ADJ crl-24514 221 17 election election NOUN crl-24514 221 18 results result NOUN crl-24514 221 19 but but CCONJ crl-24514 221 20 apparently apparently ADV crl-24514 221 21 did do AUX crl-24514 221 22 not not PART crl-24514 221 23 click click VERB crl-24514 221 24 on on ADP crl-24514 221 25 any any PRON crl-24514 221 26 of of ADP crl-24514 221 27 the the DET crl-24514 221 28 hyperlinked hyperlinke VERB crl-24514 221 29 sources source NOUN crl-24514 221 30 to to PART crl-24514 221 31 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 221 32 their their PRON crl-24514 221 33 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 221 34 or or CCONJ crl-24514 221 35 relevancy relevancy NOUN crl-24514 221 36 to to ADP crl-24514 221 37 the the DET crl-24514 221 38 article article NOUN crl-24514 221 39 . . PUNCT crl-24514 222 1 students student NOUN crl-24514 222 2 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 222 3 rare rare ADJ crl-24514 222 4 use use NOUN crl-24514 222 5 of of ADP crl-24514 222 6 external external ADJ crl-24514 222 7 evidence evidence NOUN crl-24514 222 8 in in ADP crl-24514 222 9 their their PRON crl-24514 222 10 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 222 11 at at ADP crl-24514 222 12 the the DET crl-24514 222 13 beginning beginning NOUN crl-24514 222 14 of of ADP crl-24514 222 15 the the DET crl-24514 222 16 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 222 17 reflected reflect VERB crl-24514 222 18 prior prior ADJ crl-24514 222 19 research research NOUN crl-24514 222 20 findings finding NOUN crl-24514 222 21 . . PUNCT crl-24514 223 1 studies study NOUN crl-24514 223 2 indicate indicate VERB crl-24514 223 3 that that SCONJ crl-24514 223 4 undergraduates undergraduate NOUN crl-24514 223 5 typically typically ADV crl-24514 223 6 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 223 7 836 836 NUM crl-24514 223 8 college college NOUN crl-24514 223 9 & & CCONJ crl-24514 223 10 research research PROPN crl-24514 223 11 libraries library NOUN crl-24514 223 12 july july PROPN crl-24514 223 13 2020 2020 NUM crl-24514 223 14 sources source NOUN crl-24514 223 15 against against ADP crl-24514 223 16 established establish VERB crl-24514 223 17 norms norm NOUN crl-24514 223 18 like like ADP crl-24514 223 19 timeliness timeliness NOUN crl-24514 223 20 , , PUNCT crl-24514 223 21 author author NOUN crl-24514 223 22 expertise expertise NOUN crl-24514 223 23 , , PUNCT crl-24514 223 24 and and CCONJ crl-24514 223 25 a a DET crl-24514 223 26 website website NOUN crl-24514 223 27 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 223 28 top top ADJ crl-24514 223 29 - - PUNCT crl-24514 223 30 level level NOUN crl-24514 223 31 domain67 domain67 NOUN crl-24514 223 32 but but CCONJ crl-24514 223 33 that that SCONJ crl-24514 223 34 they they PRON crl-24514 223 35 fail fail VERB crl-24514 223 36 to to PART crl-24514 223 37 validate validate VERB crl-24514 223 38 a a DET crl-24514 223 39 source source NOUN crl-24514 223 40 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 223 41 claims claim NOUN crl-24514 223 42 , , PUNCT crl-24514 223 43 authorship authorship NOUN crl-24514 223 44 , , PUNCT crl-24514 223 45 and and CCONJ crl-24514 223 46 sources source NOUN crl-24514 223 47 of of ADP crl-24514 223 48 information.68 information.68 NOUN crl-24514 223 49 students student NOUN crl-24514 223 50 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 223 51 ability ability NOUN crl-24514 223 52 to to PART crl-24514 223 53 do do AUX crl-24514 223 54 so so ADV crl-24514 223 55 may may AUX crl-24514 223 56 be be AUX crl-24514 223 57 even even ADV crl-24514 223 58 further far ADV crl-24514 223 59 complicated complicate VERB crl-24514 223 60 by by ADP crl-24514 223 61 undergraduates undergraduate NOUN crl-24514 223 62 ’ ' PUNCT crl-24514 223 63 larger large ADJ crl-24514 223 64 attitudes attitude NOUN crl-24514 223 65 toward toward ADP crl-24514 223 66 , , PUNCT crl-24514 223 67 and and CCONJ crl-24514 223 68 misunderstandings misunderstanding NOUN crl-24514 223 69 about about ADP crl-24514 223 70 , , PUNCT crl-24514 223 71 news news NOUN crl-24514 223 72 . . PUNCT crl-24514 224 1 recent recent ADJ crl-24514 224 2 project project NOUN crl-24514 224 3 information information NOUN crl-24514 224 4 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 224 5 research research NOUN crl-24514 224 6 has have AUX crl-24514 224 7 found find VERB crl-24514 224 8 that that SCONJ crl-24514 224 9 embarrassed embarrassed ADJ crl-24514 224 10 students student NOUN crl-24514 224 11 may may AUX crl-24514 224 12 go go VERB crl-24514 224 13 with with ADP crl-24514 224 14 their their PRON crl-24514 224 15 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 224 16 gut gut NOUN crl-24514 224 17 feeling feeling NOUN crl-24514 224 18 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 224 19 to to PART crl-24514 224 20 determine determine VERB crl-24514 224 21 the the DET crl-24514 224 22 legitimacy legitimacy NOUN crl-24514 224 23 of of ADP crl-24514 224 24 a a DET crl-24514 224 25 news news NOUN crl-24514 224 26 source source NOUN crl-24514 224 27 when when SCONJ crl-24514 224 28 lacking lack VERB crl-24514 224 29 proper proper ADJ crl-24514 224 30 source source NOUN crl-24514 224 31 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 224 32 skills.69 skills.69 VERB crl-24514 224 33 such such ADJ crl-24514 224 34 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 224 35 gut gut NOUN crl-24514 224 36 feelings feeling NOUN crl-24514 224 37 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 224 38 may may AUX crl-24514 224 39 be be AUX crl-24514 224 40 clouded cloud VERB crl-24514 224 41 by by ADP crl-24514 224 42 an an DET crl-24514 224 43 idealization idealization NOUN crl-24514 224 44 of of ADP crl-24514 224 45 news news NOUN crl-24514 224 46 as as ADP crl-24514 224 47 an an DET crl-24514 224 48 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 224 49 objective objective ADJ crl-24514 224 50 reporting reporting NOUN crl-24514 224 51 of of ADP crl-24514 224 52 facts fact NOUN crl-24514 224 53 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 224 54 or or CCONJ crl-24514 224 55 by by ADP crl-24514 224 56 disillusionment disillusionment NOUN crl-24514 224 57 that that SCONJ crl-24514 224 58 news news NOUN crl-24514 224 59 sources source NOUN crl-24514 224 60 can can AUX crl-24514 224 61 not not PART crl-24514 224 62 be be AUX crl-24514 224 63 trusted trust VERB crl-24514 224 64 or or CCONJ crl-24514 224 65 discerned discern VERB crl-24514 224 66 from from ADP crl-24514 224 67 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 224 68 fake fake ADJ crl-24514 224 69 news news NOUN crl-24514 224 70 . . PUNCT crl-24514 224 71 ”70 ”70 PUNCT crl-24514 225 1 within within ADP crl-24514 225 2 this this DET crl-24514 225 3 greater great ADJ crl-24514 225 4 context context NOUN crl-24514 225 5 , , PUNCT crl-24514 225 6 overly overly ADV crl-24514 225 7 skeptical skeptical ADJ crl-24514 225 8 and and CCONJ crl-24514 225 9 underresearched underresearched ADJ crl-24514 225 10 student student NOUN crl-24514 225 11 opinions opinion NOUN crl-24514 225 12 may may AUX crl-24514 225 13 be be AUX crl-24514 225 14 understood understand VERB crl-24514 225 15 as as ADP crl-24514 225 16 proof proof NOUN crl-24514 225 17 that that SCONJ crl-24514 225 18 students student NOUN crl-24514 225 19 default default VERB crl-24514 225 20 to to ADP crl-24514 225 21 preconceptions preconception NOUN crl-24514 225 22 of of ADP crl-24514 225 23 the the DET crl-24514 225 24 news news NOUN crl-24514 225 25 because because SCONJ crl-24514 225 26 they they PRON crl-24514 225 27 lack lack VERB crl-24514 225 28 source source NOUN crl-24514 225 29 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 225 30 skills skill NOUN crl-24514 225 31 . . PUNCT crl-24514 226 1 in in ADP crl-24514 226 2 addition addition NOUN crl-24514 226 3 to to ADP crl-24514 226 4 the the DET crl-24514 226 5 absence absence NOUN crl-24514 226 6 of of ADP crl-24514 226 7 external external ADJ crl-24514 226 8 evidence evidence NOUN crl-24514 226 9 , , PUNCT crl-24514 226 10 some some DET crl-24514 226 11 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 226 12 also also ADV crl-24514 226 13 exhibited exhibit VERB crl-24514 226 14 students student NOUN crl-24514 226 15 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 226 16 use use NOUN crl-24514 226 17 of of ADP crl-24514 226 18 ritual ritual ADJ crl-24514 226 19 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-24514 226 20 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 226 21 that that ADV crl-24514 226 22 is be AUX crl-24514 226 23 , , PUNCT crl-24514 226 24 learned learn VERB crl-24514 226 25 phrases phrase NOUN crl-24514 226 26 that that PRON crl-24514 226 27 did do AUX crl-24514 226 28 not not PART crl-24514 226 29 fit fit VERB crl-24514 226 30 the the DET crl-24514 226 31 work work NOUN crl-24514 226 32 being be AUX crl-24514 226 33 evaluated evaluate VERB crl-24514 226 34 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 226 35 . . PUNCT crl-24514 227 1 this this DET crl-24514 227 2 tendency tendency NOUN crl-24514 227 3 was be AUX crl-24514 227 4 most most ADV crl-24514 227 5 evident evident ADJ crl-24514 227 6 when when SCONJ crl-24514 227 7 students student NOUN crl-24514 227 8 wrote write VERB crl-24514 227 9 about about ADP crl-24514 227 10 the the DET crl-24514 227 11 sources source NOUN crl-24514 227 12 of of ADP crl-24514 227 13 the the DET crl-24514 227 14 article article NOUN crl-24514 227 15 they they PRON crl-24514 227 16 were be AUX crl-24514 227 17 evaluating evaluate VERB crl-24514 227 18 . . PUNCT crl-24514 228 1 using use VERB crl-24514 228 2 ritual ritual ADJ crl-24514 228 3 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-24514 228 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 228 5 some some DET crl-24514 228 6 students student NOUN crl-24514 228 7 held hold VERB crl-24514 228 8 journalistic journalistic ADJ crl-24514 228 9 writing writing NOUN crl-24514 228 10 to to ADP crl-24514 228 11 the the DET crl-24514 228 12 same same ADJ crl-24514 228 13 source source NOUN crl-24514 228 14 and and CCONJ crl-24514 228 15 citation citation NOUN crl-24514 228 16 standards standard NOUN crl-24514 228 17 as as ADP crl-24514 228 18 scholarly scholarly ADJ crl-24514 228 19 research research NOUN crl-24514 228 20 . . PUNCT crl-24514 229 1 one one NUM crl-24514 229 2 student student NOUN crl-24514 229 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 229 4 for for ADP crl-24514 229 5 instance instance NOUN crl-24514 229 6 , , PUNCT crl-24514 229 7 wrote write VERB crl-24514 229 8 : : PUNCT crl-24514 229 9 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 229 10 i i PRON crl-24514 229 11 look look VERB crl-24514 229 12 to to PART crl-24514 229 13 see see VERB crl-24514 229 14 if if SCONJ crl-24514 229 15 any any PRON crl-24514 229 16 of of ADP crl-24514 229 17 the the DET crl-24514 229 18 information information NOUN crl-24514 229 19 in in ADP crl-24514 229 20 the the DET crl-24514 229 21 article article NOUN crl-24514 229 22 is be AUX crl-24514 229 23 backed back VERB crl-24514 229 24 up up ADP crl-24514 229 25 with with ADP crl-24514 229 26 any any DET crl-24514 229 27 other other ADJ crl-24514 229 28 sources source NOUN crl-24514 229 29 or or CCONJ crl-24514 229 30 sightings sighting NOUN crl-24514 229 31 . . PUNCT crl-24514 230 1 [ [ X crl-24514 230 2 sic sic X crl-24514 230 3 ] ] X crl-24514 230 4 there there PRON crl-24514 230 5 [ [ X crl-24514 230 6 are be AUX crl-24514 230 7 ] ] PUNCT crl-24514 230 8 no no DET crl-24514 230 9 footnotes footnote NOUN crl-24514 230 10 or or CCONJ crl-24514 230 11 bibliography bibliography NOUN crl-24514 230 12 , , PUNCT crl-24514 230 13 which which PRON crl-24514 230 14 again again ADV crl-24514 230 15 leads lead VERB crl-24514 230 16 me i PRON crl-24514 230 17 to to PART crl-24514 230 18 believe believe VERB crl-24514 230 19 in in ADP crl-24514 230 20 a a DET crl-24514 230 21 lack lack NOUN crl-24514 230 22 of of ADP crl-24514 230 23 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 230 24 . . PUNCT crl-24514 230 25 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 231 1 other other ADJ crl-24514 231 2 students student NOUN crl-24514 231 3 faulted fault VERB crl-24514 231 4 the the DET crl-24514 231 5 article article NOUN crl-24514 231 6 for for ADP crl-24514 231 7 lacking lack VERB crl-24514 231 8 specific specific ADJ crl-24514 231 9 source source NOUN crl-24514 231 10 types type NOUN crl-24514 231 11 that that PRON crl-24514 231 12 they they PRON crl-24514 231 13 , , PUNCT crl-24514 231 14 evidently evidently ADV crl-24514 231 15 , , PUNCT crl-24514 231 16 had have AUX crl-24514 231 17 been be AUX crl-24514 231 18 taught teach VERB crl-24514 231 19 were be AUX crl-24514 231 20 components component NOUN crl-24514 231 21 of of ADP crl-24514 231 22 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 231 23 checklists checklist NOUN crl-24514 231 24 . . PUNCT crl-24514 232 1 the the DET crl-24514 232 2 following follow VERB crl-24514 232 3 excerpt excerpt NOUN crl-24514 232 4 illustrates illustrate VERB crl-24514 232 5 this this DET crl-24514 232 6 tendency tendency NOUN crl-24514 232 7 : : PUNCT crl-24514 232 8 i i PRON crl-24514 232 9 do do AUX crl-24514 232 10 not not PART crl-24514 232 11 think think VERB crl-24514 232 12 this this DET crl-24514 232 13 article article NOUN crl-24514 232 14 is be AUX crl-24514 232 15 very very ADV crl-24514 232 16 credible credible ADJ crl-24514 232 17 . . PUNCT crl-24514 233 1 the the DET crl-24514 233 2 author author NOUN crl-24514 233 3 did do AUX crl-24514 233 4 not not PART crl-24514 233 5 cite cite VERB crl-24514 233 6 the the DET crl-24514 233 7 information information NOUN crl-24514 233 8 she she PRON crl-24514 233 9 uses use VERB crl-24514 233 10 for for ADP crl-24514 233 11 data datum NOUN crl-24514 233 12 which which PRON crl-24514 233 13 makes make VERB crl-24514 233 14 me i PRON crl-24514 233 15 wonder wonder VERB crl-24514 233 16 if if SCONJ crl-24514 233 17 it it PRON crl-24514 233 18 was be AUX crl-24514 233 19 made make VERB crl-24514 233 20 up up ADP crl-24514 233 21 . . PUNCT crl-24514 234 1 citing cite VERB crl-24514 234 2 is be AUX crl-24514 234 3 an an DET crl-24514 234 4 element element NOUN crl-24514 234 5 i i PRON crl-24514 234 6 used use VERB crl-24514 234 7 to to PART crl-24514 234 8 examine examine VERB crl-24514 234 9 its its PRON crl-24514 234 10 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 234 11 . . PUNCT crl-24514 235 1 if if SCONJ crl-24514 235 2 there there PRON crl-24514 235 3 were be VERB crl-24514 235 4 citations citation NOUN crl-24514 235 5 from from ADP crl-24514 235 6 a a DET crl-24514 235 7 scholarly scholarly ADJ crl-24514 235 8 journal journal NOUN crl-24514 235 9 or or CCONJ crl-24514 235 10 a a DET crl-24514 235 11 gov gov NOUN crl-24514 235 12 . . PUNCT crl-24514 236 1 [ [ X crl-24514 236 2 sic sic X crl-24514 236 3 ] ] X crl-24514 236 4 website website NOUN crl-24514 236 5 i i PRON crl-24514 236 6 would would AUX crl-24514 236 7 think think VERB crl-24514 236 8 the the DET crl-24514 236 9 data datum NOUN crl-24514 236 10 used use VERB crl-24514 236 11 is be AUX crl-24514 236 12 credible credible ADJ crl-24514 236 13 . . PUNCT crl-24514 237 1 responses response NOUN crl-24514 237 2 such such ADJ crl-24514 237 3 as as ADP crl-24514 237 4 this this PRON crl-24514 237 5 suggested suggest VERB crl-24514 237 6 that that SCONJ crl-24514 237 7 students student NOUN crl-24514 237 8 were be AUX crl-24514 237 9 mimicking mimic VERB crl-24514 237 10 the the DET crl-24514 237 11 use use NOUN crl-24514 237 12 of of ADP crl-24514 237 13 basic basic ADJ crl-24514 237 14 indicators indicator NOUN crl-24514 237 15 of of ADP crl-24514 237 16 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 237 17 , , PUNCT crl-24514 237 18 such such ADJ crl-24514 237 19 as as ADP crl-24514 237 20 top top ADJ crl-24514 237 21 - - PUNCT crl-24514 237 22 level level NOUN crl-24514 237 23 domains domain NOUN crl-24514 237 24 , , PUNCT crl-24514 237 25 to to PART crl-24514 237 26 determine determine VERB crl-24514 237 27 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 237 28 of of ADP crl-24514 237 29 sources source NOUN crl-24514 237 30 and and CCONJ crl-24514 237 31 were be AUX crl-24514 237 32 unable unable ADJ crl-24514 237 33 to to PART crl-24514 237 34 use use VERB crl-24514 237 35 the the DET crl-24514 237 36 context context NOUN crl-24514 237 37 of of ADP crl-24514 237 38 the the DET crl-24514 237 39 source source NOUN crl-24514 237 40 under under ADP crl-24514 237 41 consideration consideration NOUN crl-24514 237 42 to to PART crl-24514 237 43 formulate formulate VERB crl-24514 237 44 a a DET crl-24514 237 45 more more ADV crl-24514 237 46 nuanced nuanced ADJ crl-24514 237 47 evaluation.71 evaluation.71 NOUN crl-24514 237 48 it it PRON crl-24514 237 49 is be AUX crl-24514 237 50 possible possible ADJ crl-24514 237 51 that that SCONJ crl-24514 237 52 the the DET crl-24514 237 53 ritual ritual ADJ crl-24514 237 54 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-24514 237 55 students student NOUN crl-24514 237 56 used use VERB crl-24514 237 57 in in ADP crl-24514 237 58 early early ADJ crl-24514 237 59 - - PUNCT crl-24514 237 60 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 237 61 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 237 62 resulted result VERB crl-24514 237 63 from from ADP crl-24514 237 64 their their PRON crl-24514 237 65 prior prior ADJ crl-24514 237 66 reliance reliance NOUN crl-24514 237 67 on on ADP crl-24514 237 68 information information NOUN crl-24514 237 69 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 237 70 checklists checklist NOUN crl-24514 237 71 , , PUNCT crl-24514 237 72 which which PRON crl-24514 237 73 are be AUX crl-24514 237 74 promoted promote VERB crl-24514 237 75 in in ADP crl-24514 237 76 some some DET crl-24514 237 77 high high ADJ crl-24514 237 78 school school NOUN crl-24514 237 79 and and CCONJ crl-24514 237 80 university university NOUN crl-24514 237 81 information information NOUN crl-24514 237 82 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 237 83 programs program NOUN crl-24514 237 84 and and CCONJ crl-24514 237 85 are be AUX crl-24514 237 86 easily easily ADV crl-24514 237 87 findable findable ADJ crl-24514 237 88 online.72 online.72 NOUN crl-24514 237 89 such such ADJ crl-24514 237 90 checklists checklist NOUN crl-24514 237 91 , , PUNCT crl-24514 237 92 however however ADV crl-24514 237 93 , , PUNCT crl-24514 237 94 can can AUX crl-24514 237 95 fail fail VERB crl-24514 237 96 to to PART crl-24514 237 97 prepare prepare VERB crl-24514 237 98 students student NOUN crl-24514 237 99 to to PART crl-24514 237 100 properly properly ADV crl-24514 237 101 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 237 102 sources source NOUN crl-24514 237 103 or or CCONJ crl-24514 237 104 the the DET crl-24514 237 105 news news NOUN crl-24514 237 106 on on ADP crl-24514 237 107 the the DET crl-24514 237 108 social social ADJ crl-24514 237 109 web web NOUN crl-24514 237 110 in in ADP crl-24514 237 111 these these DET crl-24514 237 112 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 237 113 post post ADJ crl-24514 237 114 - - ADJ crl-24514 237 115 truth”73 truth”73 ADJ crl-24514 237 116 times time NOUN crl-24514 237 117 . . PUNCT crl-24514 238 1 it it PRON crl-24514 238 2 is be AUX crl-24514 238 3 possible possible ADJ crl-24514 238 4 that that SCONJ crl-24514 238 5 many many ADJ crl-24514 238 6 of of ADP crl-24514 238 7 the the DET crl-24514 238 8 students student NOUN crl-24514 238 9 who who PRON crl-24514 238 10 either either CCONJ crl-24514 238 11 missed miss VERB crl-24514 238 12 the the DET crl-24514 238 13 target target NOUN crl-24514 238 14 in in ADP crl-24514 238 15 their their PRON crl-24514 238 16 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 238 17 , , PUNCT crl-24514 238 18 or or CCONJ crl-24514 238 19 failed fail VERB crl-24514 238 20 to to PART crl-24514 238 21 support support VERB crl-24514 238 22 their their PRON crl-24514 238 23 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 238 24 with with ADP crl-24514 238 25 evidence evidence NOUN crl-24514 238 26 , , PUNCT crl-24514 238 27 relied rely VERB crl-24514 238 28 on on ADP crl-24514 238 29 such such ADJ crl-24514 238 30 limited limited ADJ crl-24514 238 31 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 238 32 tools tool NOUN crl-24514 238 33 from from ADP crl-24514 238 34 their their PRON crl-24514 238 35 repository repository NOUN crl-24514 238 36 of of ADP crl-24514 238 37 ritualized ritualized ADJ crl-24514 238 38 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-24514 238 39 to to PART crl-24514 238 40 mime mime NOUN crl-24514 238 41 responses response NOUN crl-24514 238 42 they they PRON crl-24514 238 43 believed believe VERB crl-24514 238 44 to to PART crl-24514 238 45 be be AUX crl-24514 238 46 appropriate.74 appropriate.74 VERB crl-24514 238 47 it it PRON crl-24514 238 48 was be AUX crl-24514 238 49 evident evident ADJ crl-24514 238 50 that that SCONJ crl-24514 238 51 students student NOUN crl-24514 238 52 needed need VERB crl-24514 238 53 to to PART crl-24514 238 54 develop develop VERB crl-24514 238 55 a a DET crl-24514 238 56 more more ADV crl-24514 238 57 nuanced nuanced ADJ crl-24514 238 58 understanding understanding NOUN crl-24514 238 59 of of ADP crl-24514 238 60 how how SCONJ crl-24514 238 61 to to PART crl-24514 238 62 weigh weigh VERB crl-24514 238 63 , , PUNCT crl-24514 238 64 contextualize contextualize VERB crl-24514 238 65 , , PUNCT crl-24514 238 66 and and CCONJ crl-24514 238 67 judge judge VERB crl-24514 238 68 the the DET crl-24514 238 69 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 238 70 of of ADP crl-24514 238 71 a a DET crl-24514 238 72 source.75 source.75 NOUN crl-24514 238 73 that that PRON crl-24514 238 74 is be AUX crl-24514 238 75 to to PART crl-24514 238 76 say say VERB crl-24514 238 77 , , PUNCT crl-24514 238 78 students student NOUN crl-24514 238 79 needed need VERB crl-24514 238 80 to to PART crl-24514 238 81 move move VERB crl-24514 238 82 beyond beyond ADP crl-24514 238 83 checklists checklist NOUN crl-24514 238 84 and and CCONJ crl-24514 238 85 their their PRON crl-24514 238 86 personal personal ADJ crl-24514 238 87 opinions opinion NOUN crl-24514 238 88 to to PART crl-24514 238 89 develop develop VERB crl-24514 238 90 a a DET crl-24514 238 91 process process NOUN crl-24514 238 92 for for ADP crl-24514 238 93 critically critically ADV crl-24514 238 94 researching research VERB crl-24514 238 95 , , PUNCT crl-24514 238 96 evaluating evaluating NOUN crl-24514 238 97 , , PUNCT crl-24514 238 98 and and CCONJ crl-24514 238 99 contextualizing contextualize VERB crl-24514 238 100 the the DET crl-24514 238 101 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 238 102 of of ADP crl-24514 238 103 sources.76 sources.76 X crl-24514 238 104 summative summative ADJ crl-24514 238 105 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 238 106 the the DET crl-24514 238 107 information information NOUN crl-24514 238 108 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 238 109 course course NOUN crl-24514 238 110 for for ADP crl-24514 238 111 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 238 112 students student NOUN crl-24514 238 113 that that PRON crl-24514 238 114 served serve VERB crl-24514 238 115 as as ADP crl-24514 238 116 the the DET crl-24514 238 117 context context NOUN crl-24514 238 118 for for ADP crl-24514 238 119 this this DET crl-24514 238 120 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 238 121 focused focus VERB crl-24514 238 122 on on ADP crl-24514 238 123 finding find VERB crl-24514 238 124 and and CCONJ crl-24514 238 125 accessing access VERB crl-24514 238 126 information information NOUN crl-24514 238 127 using use VERB crl-24514 238 128 a a DET crl-24514 238 129 variety variety NOUN crl-24514 238 130 of of ADP crl-24514 238 131 source source NOUN crl-24514 238 132 types type NOUN crl-24514 238 133 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 238 134 such such ADJ crl-24514 238 135 news news NOUN crl-24514 238 136 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 238 137 837 837 NUM crl-24514 238 138 as as ADP crl-24514 238 139 public public ADJ crl-24514 238 140 records record NOUN crl-24514 238 141 , , PUNCT crl-24514 238 142 news news NOUN crl-24514 238 143 archives archive NOUN crl-24514 238 144 , , PUNCT crl-24514 238 145 business business NOUN crl-24514 238 146 filings filing NOUN crl-24514 238 147 , , PUNCT crl-24514 238 148 scholarly scholarly ADJ crl-24514 238 149 literature literature NOUN crl-24514 238 150 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 238 151 , , PUNCT crl-24514 238 152 and and CCONJ crl-24514 238 153 on on ADP crl-24514 238 154 evaluating evaluate VERB crl-24514 238 155 the the DET crl-24514 238 156 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 238 157 of of ADP crl-24514 238 158 this this DET crl-24514 238 159 information information NOUN crl-24514 238 160 . . PUNCT crl-24514 239 1 by by ADP crl-24514 239 2 the the DET crl-24514 239 3 end end NOUN crl-24514 239 4 of of ADP crl-24514 239 5 the the DET crl-24514 239 6 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 239 7 , , PUNCT crl-24514 239 8 students student NOUN crl-24514 239 9 were be AUX crl-24514 239 10 expected expect VERB crl-24514 239 11 to to PART crl-24514 239 12 show show VERB crl-24514 239 13 some some DET crl-24514 239 14 improvement improvement NOUN crl-24514 239 15 in in ADP crl-24514 239 16 their their PRON crl-24514 239 17 source source NOUN crl-24514 239 18 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 239 19 skills skill NOUN crl-24514 239 20 . . PUNCT crl-24514 240 1 the the DET crl-24514 240 2 summative summative ADJ crl-24514 240 3 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 240 4 illustrated illustrate VERB crl-24514 240 5 how how SCONJ crl-24514 240 6 much much ADJ crl-24514 240 7 students student NOUN crl-24514 240 8 learned learn VERB crl-24514 240 9 during during ADP crl-24514 240 10 the the DET crl-24514 240 11 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 240 12 and and CCONJ crl-24514 240 13 how how SCONJ crl-24514 240 14 effective effective ADJ crl-24514 240 15 course course NOUN crl-24514 240 16 instruction instruction NOUN crl-24514 240 17 was be AUX crl-24514 240 18 in in ADP crl-24514 240 19 advancing advance VERB crl-24514 240 20 this this DET crl-24514 240 21 learning learning NOUN crl-24514 240 22 . . PUNCT crl-24514 241 1 the the DET crl-24514 241 2 end end NOUN crl-24514 241 3 - - PUNCT crl-24514 241 4 of of ADP crl-24514 241 5 - - PUNCT crl-24514 241 6 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 241 7 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 241 8 revealed reveal VERB crl-24514 241 9 little little ADJ crl-24514 241 10 change change NOUN crl-24514 241 11 in in ADP crl-24514 241 12 the the DET crl-24514 241 13 breadth breadth NOUN crl-24514 241 14 of of ADP crl-24514 241 15 students student NOUN crl-24514 241 16 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 241 17 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 241 18 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 241 19 that that ADV crl-24514 241 20 is is ADV crl-24514 241 21 , , PUNCT crl-24514 241 22 the the DET crl-24514 241 23 average average ADJ crl-24514 241 24 number number NOUN crl-24514 241 25 of of ADP crl-24514 241 26 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 241 27 cues cue VERB crl-24514 241 28 that that SCONJ crl-24514 241 29 students student NOUN crl-24514 241 30 identified identify VERB crl-24514 241 31 as as ADP crl-24514 241 32 indicators indicator NOUN crl-24514 241 33 of of ADP crl-24514 241 34 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 241 35 in in ADP crl-24514 241 36 the the DET crl-24514 241 37 article article NOUN crl-24514 241 38 they they PRON crl-24514 241 39 were be AUX crl-24514 241 40 evaluating evaluate VERB crl-24514 241 41 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 241 42 . . PUNCT crl-24514 242 1 in in ADP crl-24514 242 2 both both DET crl-24514 242 3 assessments assessment NOUN crl-24514 242 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 242 5 students student NOUN crl-24514 242 6 averaged average VERB crl-24514 242 7 between between ADP crl-24514 242 8 three three NUM crl-24514 242 9 and and CCONJ crl-24514 242 10 four four NUM crl-24514 242 11 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 242 12 per per ADP crl-24514 242 13 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 242 14 . . PUNCT crl-24514 243 1 students student NOUN crl-24514 243 2 did do AUX crl-24514 243 3 identify identify VERB crl-24514 243 4 a a DET crl-24514 243 5 greater great ADJ crl-24514 243 6 variety variety NOUN crl-24514 243 7 of of ADP crl-24514 243 8 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 243 9 cues cue VERB crl-24514 243 10 at at ADP crl-24514 243 11 the the DET crl-24514 243 12 end end NOUN crl-24514 243 13 of of ADP crl-24514 243 14 the the DET crl-24514 243 15 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 243 16 , , PUNCT crl-24514 243 17 however however ADV crl-24514 243 18 , , PUNCT crl-24514 243 19 citing cite VERB crl-24514 243 20 author author NOUN crl-24514 243 21 , , PUNCT crl-24514 243 22 argument argument NOUN crl-24514 243 23 , , PUNCT crl-24514 243 24 and and CCONJ crl-24514 243 25 style style NOUN crl-24514 243 26 less less ADV crl-24514 243 27 often often ADV crl-24514 243 28 but but CCONJ crl-24514 243 29 noting note VERB crl-24514 243 30 date date NOUN crl-24514 243 31 , , PUNCT crl-24514 243 32 sources source NOUN crl-24514 243 33 , , PUNCT crl-24514 243 34 and and CCONJ crl-24514 243 35 visuals visual NOUN crl-24514 243 36 more more ADV crl-24514 243 37 frequently frequently ADV crl-24514 243 38 . . PUNCT crl-24514 244 1 this this PRON crl-24514 244 2 suggests suggest VERB crl-24514 244 3 that that SCONJ crl-24514 244 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 244 5 during during ADP crl-24514 244 6 the the DET crl-24514 244 7 course course NOUN crl-24514 244 8 of of ADP crl-24514 244 9 the the DET crl-24514 244 10 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 244 11 , , PUNCT crl-24514 244 12 students student NOUN crl-24514 244 13 expanded expand VERB crl-24514 244 14 their their PRON crl-24514 244 15 repertoire repertoire NOUN crl-24514 244 16 of of ADP crl-24514 244 17 what what PRON crl-24514 244 18 constitutes constitute VERB crl-24514 244 19 an an DET crl-24514 244 20 indicator indicator NOUN crl-24514 244 21 of of ADP crl-24514 244 22 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 244 23 in in ADP crl-24514 244 24 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 244 25 . . PUNCT crl-24514 245 1 the the DET crl-24514 245 2 clearest clear ADJ crl-24514 245 3 difference difference NOUN crl-24514 245 4 between between ADP crl-24514 245 5 the the DET crl-24514 245 6 two two NUM crl-24514 245 7 assessments assessment NOUN crl-24514 245 8 was be AUX crl-24514 245 9 the the DET crl-24514 245 10 increase increase NOUN crl-24514 245 11 in in ADP crl-24514 245 12 the the DET crl-24514 245 13 depth depth NOUN crl-24514 245 14 of of ADP crl-24514 245 15 students student NOUN crl-24514 245 16 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 245 17 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 245 18 . . PUNCT crl-24514 246 1 at at ADP crl-24514 246 2 the the DET crl-24514 246 3 end end NOUN crl-24514 246 4 of of ADP crl-24514 246 5 the the DET crl-24514 246 6 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 246 7 , , PUNCT crl-24514 246 8 a a DET crl-24514 246 9 greater great ADJ crl-24514 246 10 proportion proportion NOUN crl-24514 246 11 of of ADP crl-24514 246 12 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 246 13 received receive VERB crl-24514 246 14 scores score NOUN crl-24514 246 15 of of ADP crl-24514 246 16 3 3 NUM crl-24514 246 17 , , PUNCT crl-24514 246 18 and and CCONJ crl-24514 246 19 a a DET crl-24514 246 20 smaller small ADJ crl-24514 246 21 proportion proportion NOUN crl-24514 246 22 received receive VERB crl-24514 246 23 scores score NOUN crl-24514 246 24 of of ADP crl-24514 246 25 2 2 NUM crl-24514 246 26 , , PUNCT crl-24514 246 27 than than ADP crl-24514 246 28 at at ADP crl-24514 246 29 the the DET crl-24514 246 30 beginning beginning NOUN crl-24514 246 31 of of ADP crl-24514 246 32 the the DET crl-24514 246 33 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 246 34 . . PUNCT crl-24514 247 1 this this PRON crl-24514 247 2 means mean VERB crl-24514 247 3 that that SCONJ crl-24514 247 4 students student NOUN crl-24514 247 5 used use VERB crl-24514 247 6 more more ADV crl-24514 247 7 external external ADJ crl-24514 247 8 evidence evidence NOUN crl-24514 247 9 to to PART crl-24514 247 10 support support VERB crl-24514 247 11 their their PRON crl-24514 247 12 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 247 13 arguments argument NOUN crl-24514 247 14 at at ADP crl-24514 247 15 the the DET crl-24514 247 16 end end NOUN crl-24514 247 17 of of ADP crl-24514 247 18 the the DET crl-24514 247 19 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 247 20 than than SCONJ crl-24514 247 21 they they PRON crl-24514 247 22 did do VERB crl-24514 247 23 initially initially ADV crl-24514 247 24 . . PUNCT crl-24514 248 1 many many ADJ crl-24514 248 2 students student NOUN crl-24514 248 3 improved improve VERB crl-24514 248 4 their their PRON crl-24514 248 5 reasoning reasoning NOUN crl-24514 248 6 in in ADP crl-24514 248 7 the the DET crl-24514 248 8 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 248 9 , , PUNCT crl-24514 248 10 going go VERB crl-24514 248 11 beyond beyond ADP crl-24514 248 12 simply simply ADV crl-24514 248 13 identifying identify VERB crl-24514 248 14 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 248 15 or or CCONJ crl-24514 248 16 offering offer VERB crl-24514 248 17 instinctive instinctive ADJ crl-24514 248 18 opinions opinion NOUN crl-24514 248 19 about about ADP crl-24514 248 20 the the DET crl-24514 248 21 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 248 22 . . PUNCT crl-24514 249 1 the the DET crl-24514 249 2 following follow VERB crl-24514 249 3 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 249 4 exemplifies exemplify VERB crl-24514 249 5 how how SCONJ crl-24514 249 6 some some DET crl-24514 249 7 students student NOUN crl-24514 249 8 validated validate VERB crl-24514 249 9 their their PRON crl-24514 249 10 opinions opinion NOUN crl-24514 249 11 through through ADP crl-24514 249 12 research research NOUN crl-24514 249 13 in in ADP crl-24514 249 14 the the DET crl-24514 249 15 end end NOUN crl-24514 249 16 - - PUNCT crl-24514 249 17 of of ADP crl-24514 249 18 - - PUNCT crl-24514 249 19 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 249 20 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 249 21 . . PUNCT crl-24514 250 1 in in ADP crl-24514 250 2 the the DET crl-24514 250 3 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 250 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 250 5 students student NOUN crl-24514 250 6 had have AUX crl-24514 250 7 been be AUX crl-24514 250 8 asked ask VERB crl-24514 250 9 to to PART crl-24514 250 10 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 250 11 a a DET crl-24514 250 12 refinery29 refinery29 NOUN crl-24514 250 13 article article NOUN crl-24514 250 14 about about ADP crl-24514 250 15 twitter twitter NOUN crl-24514 250 16 ceasing cease VERB crl-24514 250 17 to to PART crl-24514 250 18 verify verify VERB crl-24514 250 19 accounts account NOUN crl-24514 250 20 . . PUNCT crl-24514 251 1 the the DET crl-24514 251 2 freelance freelance NOUN crl-24514 251 3 reporter reporter NOUN crl-24514 251 4 who who PRON crl-24514 251 5 authored author VERB crl-24514 251 6 the the DET crl-24514 251 7 article article NOUN crl-24514 251 8 largely largely ADV crl-24514 251 9 based base VERB crl-24514 251 10 it it PRON crl-24514 251 11 on on ADP crl-24514 251 12 the the DET crl-24514 251 13 hollywood hollywood NOUN crl-24514 251 14 reporter reporter NOUN crl-24514 251 15 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 251 16 coverage coverage NOUN crl-24514 251 17 and and CCONJ crl-24514 251 18 referenced reference VERB crl-24514 251 19 administrative administrative ADJ crl-24514 251 20 messages message NOUN crl-24514 251 21 from from ADP crl-24514 251 22 twitter twitter PROPN crl-24514 251 23 . . PUNCT crl-24514 252 1 one one NUM crl-24514 252 2 student student NOUN crl-24514 252 3 began begin VERB crl-24514 252 4 their their PRON crl-24514 252 5 argument argument NOUN crl-24514 252 6 with with ADP crl-24514 252 7 external external ADJ crl-24514 252 8 evidence evidence NOUN crl-24514 252 9 about about ADP crl-24514 252 10 the the DET crl-24514 252 11 publication publication NOUN crl-24514 252 12 : : PUNCT crl-24514 252 13 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 252 14 refinery refinery NOUN crl-24514 252 15 29 29 NUM crl-24514 252 16 is be AUX crl-24514 252 17 a a DET crl-24514 252 18 relatively relatively ADV crl-24514 252 19 new new ADJ crl-24514 252 20 entertainment entertainment NOUN crl-24514 252 21 company company NOUN crl-24514 252 22 that that PRON crl-24514 252 23 began begin VERB crl-24514 252 24 as as ADP crl-24514 252 25 a a DET crl-24514 252 26 startup startup NOUN crl-24514 252 27 but but CCONJ crl-24514 252 28 is be AUX crl-24514 252 29 now now ADV crl-24514 252 30 worth worth ADJ crl-24514 252 31 more more ADJ crl-24514 252 32 than than ADP crl-24514 252 33 $ $ SYM crl-24514 252 34 100 100 NUM crl-24514 252 35 million million NUM crl-24514 252 36 . . PUNCT crl-24514 252 37 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 253 1 next next ADV crl-24514 253 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 253 3 the the DET crl-24514 253 4 student student NOUN crl-24514 253 5 used use VERB crl-24514 253 6 the the DET crl-24514 253 7 website website NOUN crl-24514 253 8 media medium NOUN crl-24514 253 9 bias bias NOUN crl-24514 253 10 fact fact NOUN crl-24514 253 11 check check VERB crl-24514 253 12 to to PART crl-24514 253 13 look look VERB crl-24514 253 14 up up ADP crl-24514 253 15 two two NUM crl-24514 253 16 sources source NOUN crl-24514 253 17 cited cite VERB crl-24514 253 18 in in ADP crl-24514 253 19 the the DET crl-24514 253 20 article article NOUN crl-24514 253 21 , , PUNCT crl-24514 253 22 which which PRON crl-24514 253 23 said say VERB crl-24514 253 24 that that SCONJ crl-24514 253 25 these these DET crl-24514 253 26 sources source NOUN crl-24514 253 27 typically typically ADV crl-24514 253 28 were be AUX crl-24514 253 29 accurate accurate ADJ crl-24514 253 30 , , PUNCT crl-24514 253 31 but but CCONJ crl-24514 253 32 that that SCONJ crl-24514 253 33 they they PRON crl-24514 253 34 had have VERB crl-24514 253 35 a a DET crl-24514 253 36 liberal liberal ADJ crl-24514 253 37 bias bias NOUN crl-24514 253 38 . . PUNCT crl-24514 254 1 the the DET crl-24514 254 2 student student NOUN crl-24514 254 3 then then ADV crl-24514 254 4 reflected reflect VERB crl-24514 254 5 on on ADP crl-24514 254 6 the the DET crl-24514 254 7 timeliness timeliness NOUN crl-24514 254 8 of of ADP crl-24514 254 9 the the DET crl-24514 254 10 article article NOUN crl-24514 254 11 , , PUNCT crl-24514 254 12 which which PRON crl-24514 254 13 covered cover VERB crl-24514 254 14 a a DET crl-24514 254 15 news news NOUN crl-24514 254 16 event event NOUN crl-24514 254 17 that that PRON crl-24514 254 18 occurred occur VERB crl-24514 254 19 the the DET crl-24514 254 20 same same ADJ crl-24514 254 21 day day NOUN crl-24514 254 22 that that SCONJ crl-24514 254 23 the the DET crl-24514 254 24 article article NOUN crl-24514 254 25 was be AUX crl-24514 254 26 published publish VERB crl-24514 254 27 . . PUNCT crl-24514 255 1 the the DET crl-24514 255 2 student student NOUN crl-24514 255 3 cited cite VERB crl-24514 255 4 the the DET crl-24514 255 5 exact exact ADJ crl-24514 255 6 times time NOUN crl-24514 255 7 when when SCONJ crl-24514 255 8 an an DET crl-24514 255 9 official official ADJ crl-24514 255 10 tweet tweet NOUN crl-24514 255 11 about about ADP crl-24514 255 12 the the DET crl-24514 255 13 event event NOUN crl-24514 255 14 was be AUX crl-24514 255 15 posted post VERB crl-24514 255 16 and and CCONJ crl-24514 255 17 when when SCONJ crl-24514 255 18 the the DET crl-24514 255 19 article article NOUN crl-24514 255 20 was be AUX crl-24514 255 21 published publish VERB crl-24514 255 22 . . PUNCT crl-24514 256 1 the the DET crl-24514 256 2 student student NOUN crl-24514 256 3 concluded conclude VERB crl-24514 256 4 with with ADP crl-24514 256 5 a a DET crl-24514 256 6 summation summation NOUN crl-24514 256 7 of of ADP crl-24514 256 8 the the DET crl-24514 256 9 author author NOUN crl-24514 256 10 ’s ’s NOUN crl-24514 256 11 experience experience NOUN crl-24514 256 12 and and CCONJ crl-24514 256 13 recent recent ADJ crl-24514 256 14 publication publication NOUN crl-24514 256 15 history history NOUN crl-24514 256 16 drawn draw VERB crl-24514 256 17 from from ADP crl-24514 256 18 linkedin linkedin NOUN crl-24514 256 19 . . PUNCT crl-24514 257 1 focusing focus VERB crl-24514 257 2 on on ADP crl-24514 257 3 the the DET crl-24514 257 4 article article NOUN crl-24514 257 5 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 257 6 publication publication NOUN crl-24514 257 7 , , PUNCT crl-24514 257 8 sources source NOUN crl-24514 257 9 , , PUNCT crl-24514 257 10 date date NOUN crl-24514 257 11 , , PUNCT crl-24514 257 12 and and CCONJ crl-24514 257 13 author author NOUN crl-24514 257 14 , , PUNCT crl-24514 257 15 this this DET crl-24514 257 16 student student NOUN crl-24514 257 17 researched research VERB crl-24514 257 18 and and CCONJ crl-24514 257 19 reasoned reason VERB crl-24514 257 20 about about ADP crl-24514 257 21 the the DET crl-24514 257 22 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 257 23 of of ADP crl-24514 257 24 this this DET crl-24514 257 25 article article NOUN crl-24514 257 26 within within ADP crl-24514 257 27 the the DET crl-24514 257 28 context context NOUN crl-24514 257 29 of of ADP crl-24514 257 30 its its PRON crl-24514 257 31 creation creation NOUN crl-24514 257 32 . . PUNCT crl-24514 258 1 first first ADV crl-24514 258 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 258 3 the the DET crl-24514 258 4 student student NOUN crl-24514 258 5 consulted consult VERB crl-24514 258 6 and and CCONJ crl-24514 258 7 referenced reference VERB crl-24514 258 8 external external ADJ crl-24514 258 9 sources source NOUN crl-24514 258 10 . . PUNCT crl-24514 259 1 while while SCONJ crl-24514 259 2 it it PRON crl-24514 259 3 was be AUX crl-24514 259 4 common common ADJ crl-24514 259 5 for for SCONJ crl-24514 259 6 students student NOUN crl-24514 259 7 to to PART crl-24514 259 8 discuss discuss VERB crl-24514 259 9 bias bias NOUN crl-24514 259 10 or or CCONJ crl-24514 259 11 the the DET crl-24514 259 12 alleged allege VERB crl-24514 259 13 political political ADJ crl-24514 259 14 leanings leaning NOUN crl-24514 259 15 of of ADP crl-24514 259 16 a a DET crl-24514 259 17 publication publication NOUN crl-24514 259 18 absent absent ADJ crl-24514 259 19 evidence evidence NOUN crl-24514 259 20 , , PUNCT crl-24514 259 21 this this DET crl-24514 259 22 student student NOUN crl-24514 259 23 cited cite VERB crl-24514 259 24 information information NOUN crl-24514 259 25 from from ADP crl-24514 259 26 the the DET crl-24514 259 27 website website NOUN crl-24514 259 28 media medium NOUN crl-24514 259 29 bias bias NOUN crl-24514 259 30 fact fact NOUN crl-24514 259 31 check check VERB crl-24514 259 32 in in ADP crl-24514 259 33 evaluating evaluate VERB crl-24514 259 34 the the DET crl-24514 259 35 article article NOUN crl-24514 259 36 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 259 37 sources source NOUN crl-24514 259 38 . . PUNCT crl-24514 260 1 likewise likewise ADV crl-24514 260 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 260 3 the the DET crl-24514 260 4 student student NOUN crl-24514 260 5 used use VERB crl-24514 260 6 information information NOUN crl-24514 260 7 from from ADP crl-24514 260 8 the the DET crl-24514 260 9 article article NOUN crl-24514 260 10 author author NOUN crl-24514 260 11 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 260 12 linkedin linkedin PROPN crl-24514 260 13 account account NOUN crl-24514 260 14 to to PART crl-24514 260 15 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 260 16 the the DET crl-24514 260 17 author author NOUN crl-24514 260 18 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 260 19 expertise expertise NOUN crl-24514 260 20 . . PUNCT crl-24514 261 1 finally finally ADV crl-24514 261 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 261 3 the the DET crl-24514 261 4 student student NOUN crl-24514 261 5 considered consider VERB crl-24514 261 6 the the DET crl-24514 261 7 timeliness timeliness NOUN crl-24514 261 8 of of ADP crl-24514 261 9 the the DET crl-24514 261 10 article article NOUN crl-24514 261 11 by by ADP crl-24514 261 12 placing place VERB crl-24514 261 13 the the DET crl-24514 261 14 article article NOUN crl-24514 261 15 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 261 16 publication publication NOUN crl-24514 261 17 within within ADP crl-24514 261 18 the the DET crl-24514 261 19 daily daily ADJ crl-24514 261 20 news news NOUN crl-24514 261 21 cycle cycle NOUN crl-24514 261 22 . . PUNCT crl-24514 262 1 in in ADP crl-24514 262 2 all all PRON crl-24514 262 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 262 4 this this DET crl-24514 262 5 student student NOUN crl-24514 262 6 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 262 7 response response NOUN crl-24514 262 8 demonstrates demonstrate VERB crl-24514 262 9 progress progress NOUN crl-24514 262 10 toward toward ADP crl-24514 262 11 using use VERB crl-24514 262 12 external external ADJ crl-24514 262 13 evidence evidence NOUN crl-24514 262 14 in in ADP crl-24514 262 15 support support NOUN crl-24514 262 16 of of ADP crl-24514 262 17 source source NOUN crl-24514 262 18 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 262 19 arguments argument NOUN crl-24514 262 20 . . PUNCT crl-24514 263 1 while while SCONJ crl-24514 263 2 students student NOUN crl-24514 263 3 tended tend VERB crl-24514 263 4 to to PART crl-24514 263 5 provide provide VERB crl-24514 263 6 more more ADV crl-24514 263 7 researched research VERB crl-24514 263 8 answers answer NOUN crl-24514 263 9 at at ADP crl-24514 263 10 the the DET crl-24514 263 11 end end NOUN crl-24514 263 12 of of ADP crl-24514 263 13 the the DET crl-24514 263 14 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 263 15 than than SCONJ crl-24514 263 16 they they PRON crl-24514 263 17 did do VERB crl-24514 263 18 initially initially ADV crl-24514 263 19 , , PUNCT crl-24514 263 20 they they PRON crl-24514 263 21 did do AUX crl-24514 263 22 not not PART crl-24514 263 23 abandon abandon VERB crl-24514 263 24 unsubstantiated unsubstantiated ADJ crl-24514 263 25 opinions opinion NOUN crl-24514 263 26 altogether altogether ADV crl-24514 263 27 . . PUNCT crl-24514 264 1 this this DET crl-24514 264 2 case case NOUN crl-24514 264 3 was be AUX crl-24514 264 4 particularly particularly ADV crl-24514 264 5 evident evident ADJ crl-24514 264 6 in in ADP crl-24514 264 7 students student NOUN crl-24514 264 8 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 264 9 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 264 10 of of ADP crl-24514 264 11 the the DET crl-24514 264 12 article article NOUN crl-24514 264 13 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 264 14 writing write VERB crl-24514 264 15 style style NOUN crl-24514 264 16 , , PUNCT crl-24514 264 17 a a DET crl-24514 264 18 category category NOUN crl-24514 264 19 that that PRON crl-24514 264 20 838 838 NUM crl-24514 264 21 college college NOUN crl-24514 264 22 & & CCONJ crl-24514 264 23 research research PROPN crl-24514 264 24 libraries library NOUN crl-24514 264 25 july july PROPN crl-24514 264 26 2020 2020 NUM crl-24514 264 27 included include VERB crl-24514 264 28 biased biased ADJ crl-24514 264 29 writing writing NOUN crl-24514 264 30 . . PUNCT crl-24514 265 1 during during ADP crl-24514 265 2 both both DET crl-24514 265 3 assessments assessment NOUN crl-24514 265 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 265 5 most most ADJ crl-24514 265 6 writing write VERB crl-24514 265 7 style style NOUN crl-24514 265 8 comments comment NOUN crl-24514 265 9 scored score VERB crl-24514 265 10 a a DET crl-24514 265 11 1 1 NUM crl-24514 265 12 or or CCONJ crl-24514 265 13 2 2 NUM crl-24514 265 14 on on ADP crl-24514 265 15 depth depth NOUN crl-24514 265 16 , , PUNCT crl-24514 265 17 indicating indicate VERB crl-24514 265 18 that that SCONJ crl-24514 265 19 students student NOUN crl-24514 265 20 only only ADV crl-24514 265 21 noted note VERB crl-24514 265 22 the the DET crl-24514 265 23 existence existence NOUN crl-24514 265 24 of of ADP crl-24514 265 25 writing write VERB crl-24514 265 26 style style NOUN crl-24514 265 27 or or CCONJ crl-24514 265 28 offered offer VERB crl-24514 265 29 an an DET crl-24514 265 30 unsupported unsupported ADJ crl-24514 265 31 opinion opinion NOUN crl-24514 265 32 of of ADP crl-24514 265 33 it it PRON crl-24514 265 34 . . PUNCT crl-24514 266 1 some some DET crl-24514 266 2 students student NOUN crl-24514 266 3 struggled struggle VERB crl-24514 266 4 with with ADP crl-24514 266 5 the the DET crl-24514 266 6 concept concept NOUN crl-24514 266 7 of of ADP crl-24514 266 8 bias bias NOUN crl-24514 266 9 , , PUNCT crl-24514 266 10 using use VERB crl-24514 266 11 it it PRON crl-24514 266 12 to to PART crl-24514 266 13 dismiss dismiss VERB crl-24514 266 14 elements element NOUN crl-24514 266 15 of of ADP crl-24514 266 16 an an DET crl-24514 266 17 article article NOUN crl-24514 266 18 that that PRON crl-24514 266 19 could could AUX crl-24514 266 20 have have AUX crl-24514 266 21 been be AUX crl-24514 266 22 better well ADV crl-24514 266 23 understood understand VERB crl-24514 266 24 if if SCONJ crl-24514 266 25 researched research VERB crl-24514 266 26 . . PUNCT crl-24514 267 1 one one NUM crl-24514 267 2 student student NOUN crl-24514 267 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 267 4 for for ADP crl-24514 267 5 instance instance NOUN crl-24514 267 6 , , PUNCT crl-24514 267 7 wrote write VERB crl-24514 267 8 , , PUNCT crl-24514 267 9 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 267 10 i i PRON crl-24514 267 11 think think VERB crl-24514 267 12 that that SCONJ crl-24514 267 13 this this DET crl-24514 267 14 article article NOUN crl-24514 267 15 is be AUX crl-24514 267 16 not not PART crl-24514 267 17 credible credible ADJ crl-24514 267 18 because because SCONJ crl-24514 267 19 it it PRON crl-24514 267 20 is be AUX crl-24514 267 21 written write VERB crl-24514 267 22 with with ADP crl-24514 267 23 an an DET crl-24514 267 24 opinion opinion NOUN crl-24514 267 25 about about ADP crl-24514 267 26 twitter twitter NOUN crl-24514 267 27 [ [ X crl-24514 267 28 sic sic NOUN crl-24514 267 29 ] ] PUNCT crl-24514 267 30 . . PUNCT crl-24514 268 1 although although SCONJ crl-24514 268 2 they they PRON crl-24514 268 3 cite cite VERB crl-24514 268 4 some some PRON crl-24514 268 5 of of ADP crl-24514 268 6 their their PRON crl-24514 268 7 sources source NOUN crl-24514 268 8 , , PUNCT crl-24514 268 9 they they PRON crl-24514 268 10 still still ADV crl-24514 268 11 seem seem VERB crl-24514 268 12 like like SCONJ crl-24514 268 13 they they PRON crl-24514 268 14 have have VERB crl-24514 268 15 a a DET crl-24514 268 16 bias bias NOUN crl-24514 268 17 towards towards ADP crl-24514 268 18 twitter twitter NOUN crl-24514 269 1 [ [ X crl-24514 269 2 sic sic NOUN crl-24514 269 3 ] ] PUNCT crl-24514 269 4 . . PUNCT crl-24514 269 5 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 269 6 given give VERB crl-24514 269 7 that that SCONJ crl-24514 269 8 the the DET crl-24514 269 9 article article NOUN crl-24514 269 10 under under ADP crl-24514 269 11 review review NOUN crl-24514 269 12 was be AUX crl-24514 269 13 about about ADP crl-24514 269 14 twitter twitter NOUN crl-24514 269 15 , , PUNCT crl-24514 269 16 the the DET crl-24514 269 17 author author NOUN crl-24514 269 18 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 269 19 discussion discussion NOUN crl-24514 269 20 of of ADP crl-24514 269 21 the the DET crl-24514 269 22 company company NOUN crl-24514 269 23 may may AUX crl-24514 269 24 not not PART crl-24514 269 25 have have AUX crl-24514 269 26 implied imply VERB crl-24514 269 27 biased biased ADJ crl-24514 269 28 reporting reporting NOUN crl-24514 269 29 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 269 30 and and CCONJ crl-24514 269 31 , , PUNCT crl-24514 269 32 without without ADP crl-24514 269 33 further further ADJ crl-24514 269 34 evidence evidence NOUN crl-24514 269 35 in in ADP crl-24514 269 36 the the DET crl-24514 269 37 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 269 38 , , PUNCT crl-24514 269 39 it it PRON crl-24514 269 40 is be AUX crl-24514 269 41 impossible impossible ADJ crl-24514 269 42 to to PART crl-24514 269 43 know know VERB crl-24514 269 44 what what PRON crl-24514 269 45 the the DET crl-24514 269 46 student student NOUN crl-24514 269 47 perceived perceive VERB crl-24514 269 48 as as ADP crl-24514 269 49 biased biased ADJ crl-24514 269 50 . . PUNCT crl-24514 270 1 such such ADJ crl-24514 270 2 superficial superficial ADJ crl-24514 270 3 responses response NOUN crl-24514 270 4 and and CCONJ crl-24514 270 5 the the DET crl-24514 270 6 consistency consistency NOUN crl-24514 270 7 in in ADP crl-24514 270 8 student student NOUN crl-24514 270 9 scores score NOUN crl-24514 270 10 on on ADP crl-24514 270 11 writing write VERB crl-24514 270 12 style style NOUN crl-24514 270 13 between between ADP crl-24514 270 14 the the DET crl-24514 270 15 earlyand earlyand NOUN crl-24514 270 16 late late ADJ crl-24514 270 17 - - PUNCT crl-24514 270 18 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 270 19 assessments assessment NOUN crl-24514 270 20 suggest suggest VERB crl-24514 270 21 that that SCONJ crl-24514 270 22 writing write VERB crl-24514 270 23 style style NOUN crl-24514 270 24 and and CCONJ crl-24514 270 25 bias bias NOUN crl-24514 270 26 were be AUX crl-24514 270 27 not not PART crl-24514 270 28 addressed address VERB crl-24514 270 29 adequately adequately ADV crl-24514 270 30 in in ADP crl-24514 270 31 the the DET crl-24514 270 32 information information NOUN crl-24514 270 33 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 270 34 course course NOUN crl-24514 270 35 . . PUNCT crl-24514 271 1 in in ADP crl-24514 271 2 all all PRON crl-24514 271 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 271 4 the the DET crl-24514 271 5 summative summative ADJ crl-24514 271 6 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 271 7 results result NOUN crl-24514 271 8 suggest suggest VERB crl-24514 271 9 that that SCONJ crl-24514 271 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 271 11 during during ADP crl-24514 271 12 the the DET crl-24514 271 13 information information NOUN crl-24514 271 14 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 271 15 course course NOUN crl-24514 271 16 , , PUNCT crl-24514 271 17 students student NOUN crl-24514 271 18 advanced advance VERB crl-24514 271 19 their their PRON crl-24514 271 20 ability ability NOUN crl-24514 271 21 to to PART crl-24514 271 22 seek seek VERB crl-24514 271 23 and and CCONJ crl-24514 271 24 articulate articulate VERB crl-24514 271 25 evidence evidence NOUN crl-24514 271 26 in in ADP crl-24514 271 27 support support NOUN crl-24514 271 28 of of ADP crl-24514 271 29 their their PRON crl-24514 271 30 source source NOUN crl-24514 271 31 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 271 32 . . PUNCT crl-24514 272 1 while while SCONJ crl-24514 272 2 they they PRON crl-24514 272 3 did do AUX crl-24514 272 4 not not PART crl-24514 272 5 rely rely VERB crl-24514 272 6 on on ADP crl-24514 272 7 more more ADJ crl-24514 272 8 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 272 9 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 272 10 at at ADP crl-24514 272 11 the the DET crl-24514 272 12 end end NOUN crl-24514 272 13 of of ADP crl-24514 272 14 the the DET crl-24514 272 15 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 272 16 than than SCONJ crl-24514 272 17 they they PRON crl-24514 272 18 did do VERB crl-24514 272 19 initially initially ADV crl-24514 272 20 , , PUNCT crl-24514 272 21 students student NOUN crl-24514 272 22 did do AUX crl-24514 272 23 appear appear VERB crl-24514 272 24 to to PART crl-24514 272 25 use use VERB crl-24514 272 26 a a DET crl-24514 272 27 greater great ADJ crl-24514 272 28 variety variety NOUN crl-24514 272 29 of of ADP crl-24514 272 30 these these DET crl-24514 272 31 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 272 32 at at ADP crl-24514 272 33 the the DET crl-24514 272 34 end end NOUN crl-24514 272 35 of of ADP crl-24514 272 36 the the DET crl-24514 272 37 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 272 38 . . PUNCT crl-24514 273 1 the the DET crl-24514 273 2 course course NOUN crl-24514 273 3 did do AUX crl-24514 273 4 not not PART crl-24514 273 5 fully fully ADV crl-24514 273 6 inoculate inoculate VERB crl-24514 273 7 students student NOUN crl-24514 273 8 against against ADP crl-24514 273 9 flawed flawed ADJ crl-24514 273 10 reasoning reasoning NOUN crl-24514 273 11 and and CCONJ crl-24514 273 12 unsupported unsupported ADJ crl-24514 273 13 opinions opinion NOUN crl-24514 273 14 , , PUNCT crl-24514 273 15 but but CCONJ crl-24514 273 16 it it PRON crl-24514 273 17 did do AUX crl-24514 273 18 appear appear VERB crl-24514 273 19 to to PART crl-24514 273 20 help help VERB crl-24514 273 21 many many ADJ crl-24514 273 22 of of ADP crl-24514 273 23 them they PRON crl-24514 273 24 think think VERB crl-24514 273 25 more more ADV crl-24514 273 26 substantively substantively ADV crl-24514 273 27 about about ADP crl-24514 273 28 the the DET crl-24514 273 29 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 273 30 of of ADP crl-24514 273 31 a a DET crl-24514 273 32 source source NOUN crl-24514 273 33 . . PUNCT crl-24514 274 1 implications implication NOUN crl-24514 274 2 undergraduates undergraduate NOUN crl-24514 274 3 ’ ' PUNCT crl-24514 274 4 struggle struggle NOUN crl-24514 274 5 to to PART crl-24514 274 6 successfully successfully ADV crl-24514 274 7 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 274 8 some some PRON crl-24514 274 9 of of ADP crl-24514 274 10 the the DET crl-24514 274 11 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 274 12 as as SCONJ crl-24514 274 13 indicators indicator NOUN crl-24514 274 14 of of ADP crl-24514 274 15 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 274 16 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 274 17 such such ADJ crl-24514 274 18 as as ADP crl-24514 274 19 author author NOUN crl-24514 274 20 , , PUNCT crl-24514 274 21 article article NOUN crl-24514 274 22 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 274 23 argument argument NOUN crl-24514 274 24 , , PUNCT crl-24514 274 25 publisher publisher NOUN crl-24514 274 26 , , PUNCT crl-24514 274 27 or or CCONJ crl-24514 274 28 article article NOUN crl-24514 274 29 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 274 30 sources source NOUN crl-24514 274 31 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 274 32 seeded seed VERB crl-24514 274 33 a a DET crl-24514 274 34 revised revised ADJ crl-24514 274 35 information information NOUN crl-24514 274 36 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 274 37 instruction instruction NOUN crl-24514 274 38 session session NOUN crl-24514 274 39 for for ADP crl-24514 274 40 the the DET crl-24514 274 41 course course NOUN crl-24514 274 42 . . PUNCT crl-24514 275 1 to to PART crl-24514 275 2 combat combat VERB crl-24514 275 3 the the DET crl-24514 275 4 historical historical ADJ crl-24514 275 5 problem problem NOUN crl-24514 275 6 with with ADP crl-24514 275 7 inconsistent inconsistent ADJ crl-24514 275 8 library library NOUN crl-24514 275 9 instruction instruction NOUN crl-24514 275 10 in in ADP crl-24514 275 11 independent independent ADJ crl-24514 275 12 course course NOUN crl-24514 275 13 sections section NOUN crl-24514 275 14 , , PUNCT crl-24514 275 15 the the DET crl-24514 275 16 authors author NOUN crl-24514 275 17 mandated mandate VERB crl-24514 275 18 an an DET crl-24514 275 19 information information NOUN crl-24514 275 20 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 275 21 instruction instruction NOUN crl-24514 275 22 session session NOUN crl-24514 275 23 across across ADP crl-24514 275 24 all all DET crl-24514 275 25 sections section NOUN crl-24514 275 26 to to PART crl-24514 275 27 provide provide VERB crl-24514 275 28 instructional instructional ADJ crl-24514 275 29 consistency consistency NOUN crl-24514 275 30 and and CCONJ crl-24514 275 31 to to PART crl-24514 275 32 better well ADV crl-24514 275 33 address address VERB crl-24514 275 34 the the DET crl-24514 275 35 source source NOUN crl-24514 275 36 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 275 37 learning learning NOUN crl-24514 275 38 outcomes outcome NOUN crl-24514 275 39 . . PUNCT crl-24514 276 1 the the DET crl-24514 276 2 session session NOUN crl-24514 276 3 focused focus VERB crl-24514 276 4 on on ADP crl-24514 276 5 teaching teach VERB crl-24514 276 6 the the DET crl-24514 276 7 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 276 8 lateral lateral ADJ crl-24514 276 9 reading reading NOUN crl-24514 276 10 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 276 11 approach77 approach77 NOUN crl-24514 276 12 to to PART crl-24514 276 13 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 276 14 the the DET crl-24514 276 15 overall overall ADJ crl-24514 276 16 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 276 17 of of ADP crl-24514 276 18 a a DET crl-24514 276 19 news news NOUN crl-24514 276 20 article article NOUN crl-24514 276 21 . . PUNCT crl-24514 277 1 in in ADP crl-24514 277 2 addition addition NOUN crl-24514 277 3 to to ADP crl-24514 277 4 concentrating concentrate VERB crl-24514 277 5 on on ADP crl-24514 277 6 the the DET crl-24514 277 7 frame frame NOUN crl-24514 277 8 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 277 9 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 277 10 is be AUX crl-24514 277 11 constructed construct VERB crl-24514 277 12 and and CCONJ crl-24514 277 13 contextual contextual ADJ crl-24514 277 14 , , PUNCT crl-24514 277 15 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 277 16 the the DET crl-24514 277 17 session session NOUN crl-24514 277 18 sparked spark VERB crl-24514 277 19 conversation conversation NOUN crl-24514 277 20 related relate VERB crl-24514 277 21 to to ADP crl-24514 277 22 other other ADJ crl-24514 277 23 acrl acrl ADJ crl-24514 277 24 information information NOUN crl-24514 277 25 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 277 26 frames frame NOUN crl-24514 277 27 . . PUNCT crl-24514 278 1 using use VERB crl-24514 278 2 a a DET crl-24514 278 3 new new PROPN crl-24514 278 4 york york PROPN crl-24514 278 5 times times PROPN crl-24514 278 6 article article NOUN crl-24514 278 7 about about ADP crl-24514 278 8 serena serena PROPN crl-24514 278 9 williams williams PROPN crl-24514 278 10 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 278 11 loss loss NOUN crl-24514 278 12 at at ADP crl-24514 278 13 the the DET crl-24514 278 14 2009 2009 NUM crl-24514 278 15 us us PROPN crl-24514 278 16 open open ADJ crl-24514 278 17 , , PUNCT crl-24514 278 18 students student NOUN crl-24514 278 19 were be AUX crl-24514 278 20 prompted prompt VERB crl-24514 278 21 to to PART crl-24514 278 22 examine examine VERB crl-24514 278 23 such such ADJ crl-24514 278 24 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 278 25 as as ADP crl-24514 278 26 the the DET crl-24514 278 27 reporting reporting NOUN crl-24514 278 28 expertise expertise NOUN crl-24514 278 29 of of ADP crl-24514 278 30 the the DET crl-24514 278 31 journalist journalist NOUN crl-24514 278 32 , , PUNCT crl-24514 278 33 and and CCONJ crl-24514 278 34 her her PRON crl-24514 278 35 sources source NOUN crl-24514 278 36 and and CCONJ crl-24514 278 37 argument argument NOUN crl-24514 278 38 , , PUNCT crl-24514 278 39 specifically specifically ADV crl-24514 278 40 focusing focus VERB crl-24514 278 41 on on ADP crl-24514 278 42 the the DET crl-24514 278 43 language language NOUN crl-24514 278 44 used use VERB crl-24514 278 45 to to PART crl-24514 278 46 describe describe VERB crl-24514 278 47 williams williams PROPN crl-24514 278 48 and and CCONJ crl-24514 278 49 her her PRON crl-24514 278 50 opponent opponent NOUN crl-24514 278 51 . . PUNCT crl-24514 279 1 researching research VERB crl-24514 279 2 these these DET crl-24514 279 3 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 279 4 allowed allow VERB crl-24514 279 5 students student NOUN crl-24514 279 6 to to PART crl-24514 279 7 experience experience VERB crl-24514 279 8 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 279 9 research research NOUN crl-24514 279 10 as as ADP crl-24514 279 11 inquiry inquiry NOUN crl-24514 279 12 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 279 13 and and CCONJ crl-24514 279 14 a a DET crl-24514 279 15 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 279 16 strategic strategic ADJ crl-24514 279 17 exploration exploration NOUN crl-24514 279 18 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 279 19 that that PRON crl-24514 279 20 may may AUX crl-24514 279 21 have have VERB crl-24514 279 22 specific specific ADJ crl-24514 279 23 goals goal NOUN crl-24514 279 24 but but CCONJ crl-24514 279 25 also also ADV crl-24514 279 26 allow allow VERB crl-24514 279 27 for for ADP crl-24514 279 28 serendipity serendipity NOUN crl-24514 279 29 to to PART crl-24514 279 30 find find VERB crl-24514 279 31 the the DET crl-24514 279 32 best good ADJ crl-24514 279 33 information information NOUN crl-24514 279 34 . . PUNCT crl-24514 280 1 the the DET crl-24514 280 2 students student NOUN crl-24514 280 3 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 280 4 research research NOUN crl-24514 280 5 processes process NOUN crl-24514 280 6 involved involve VERB crl-24514 280 7 watching watch VERB crl-24514 280 8 replays replay NOUN crl-24514 280 9 of of ADP crl-24514 280 10 the the DET crl-24514 280 11 match match NOUN crl-24514 280 12 on on ADP crl-24514 280 13 youtube youtube NOUN crl-24514 280 14 , , PUNCT crl-24514 280 15 exploring explore VERB crl-24514 280 16 a a DET crl-24514 280 17 black black ADJ crl-24514 280 18 feminist feminist ADJ crl-24514 280 19 blog blog NOUN crl-24514 280 20 penned pen VERB crl-24514 280 21 by by ADP crl-24514 280 22 academics academic NOUN crl-24514 280 23 , , PUNCT crl-24514 280 24 and and CCONJ crl-24514 280 25 skimming skim VERB crl-24514 280 26 scholarly scholarly ADJ crl-24514 280 27 sources source NOUN crl-24514 280 28 about about ADP crl-24514 280 29 the the DET crl-24514 280 30 depiction depiction NOUN crl-24514 280 31 of of ADP crl-24514 280 32 african african ADJ crl-24514 280 33 american american ADJ crl-24514 280 34 women woman NOUN crl-24514 280 35 , , PUNCT crl-24514 280 36 particularly particularly ADV crl-24514 280 37 williams williams PROPN crl-24514 280 38 , , PUNCT crl-24514 280 39 in in ADP crl-24514 280 40 the the DET crl-24514 280 41 media medium NOUN crl-24514 280 42 . . PUNCT crl-24514 281 1 debating debate VERB crl-24514 281 2 the the DET crl-24514 281 3 difference difference NOUN crl-24514 281 4 between between ADP crl-24514 281 5 a a DET crl-24514 281 6 scholarly scholarly ADJ crl-24514 281 7 blog blog NOUN crl-24514 281 8 and and CCONJ crl-24514 281 9 a a DET crl-24514 281 10 journal journal NOUN crl-24514 281 11 article article NOUN crl-24514 281 12 granted grant VERB crl-24514 281 13 students student NOUN crl-24514 281 14 the the DET crl-24514 281 15 opportunity opportunity NOUN crl-24514 281 16 to to PART crl-24514 281 17 better well ADV crl-24514 281 18 understand understand VERB crl-24514 281 19 and and CCONJ crl-24514 281 20 question question VERB crl-24514 281 21 the the DET crl-24514 281 22 creation creation NOUN crl-24514 281 23 process process NOUN crl-24514 281 24 behind behind ADP crl-24514 281 25 the the DET crl-24514 281 26 different different ADJ crl-24514 281 27 formats format NOUN crl-24514 281 28 and and CCONJ crl-24514 281 29 how how SCONJ crl-24514 281 30 the the DET crl-24514 281 31 creation creation NOUN crl-24514 281 32 process process NOUN crl-24514 281 33 and and CCONJ crl-24514 281 34 time time NOUN crl-24514 281 35 factored factor VERB crl-24514 281 36 into into ADP crl-24514 281 37 the the DET crl-24514 281 38 scholarly scholarly ADJ crl-24514 281 39 and and CCONJ crl-24514 281 40 popular popular ADJ crl-24514 281 41 values value NOUN crl-24514 281 42 of of ADP crl-24514 281 43 youtube youtube NOUN crl-24514 281 44 videos video NOUN crl-24514 281 45 , , PUNCT crl-24514 281 46 news news NOUN crl-24514 281 47 articles article NOUN crl-24514 281 48 , , PUNCT crl-24514 281 49 scholarly scholarly ADJ crl-24514 281 50 blogs blog NOUN crl-24514 281 51 , , PUNCT crl-24514 281 52 and and CCONJ crl-24514 281 53 journal journal NOUN crl-24514 281 54 articles article NOUN crl-24514 281 55 , , PUNCT crl-24514 281 56 depending depend VERB crl-24514 281 57 on on ADP crl-24514 281 58 the the DET crl-24514 281 59 information information NOUN crl-24514 281 60 need need NOUN crl-24514 281 61 at at ADP crl-24514 281 62 hand hand NOUN crl-24514 281 63 . . PUNCT crl-24514 282 1 turning turn VERB crl-24514 282 2 to to ADP crl-24514 282 3 the the DET crl-24514 282 4 topic topic NOUN crl-24514 282 5 of of ADP crl-24514 282 6 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 282 7 scholarship scholarship NOUN crl-24514 282 8 as as ADP crl-24514 282 9 conversation conversation NOUN crl-24514 282 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 282 11 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 282 12 the the DET crl-24514 282 13 class class NOUN crl-24514 282 14 discussed discuss VERB crl-24514 282 15 how how SCONJ crl-24514 282 16 they they PRON crl-24514 282 17 could could AUX crl-24514 282 18 use use VERB crl-24514 282 19 the the DET crl-24514 282 20 found find VERB crl-24514 282 21 sources source NOUN crl-24514 282 22 to to PART crl-24514 282 23 support support VERB crl-24514 282 24 their their PRON crl-24514 282 25 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 282 26 of of ADP crl-24514 282 27 the the DET crl-24514 282 28 article article NOUN crl-24514 282 29 and and CCONJ crl-24514 282 30 challenge challenge VERB crl-24514 282 31 the the DET crl-24514 282 32 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 282 33 of of ADP crl-24514 282 34 the the DET crl-24514 282 35 new new PROPN crl-24514 282 36 york york PROPN crl-24514 282 37 times times PROPN crl-24514 282 38 as as ADV crl-24514 282 39 well well ADV crl-24514 282 40 as as ADP crl-24514 282 41 the the DET crl-24514 282 42 journalist journalist NOUN crl-24514 282 43 and and CCONJ crl-24514 282 44 her her PRON crl-24514 282 45 argument argument NOUN crl-24514 282 46 news news PROPN crl-24514 282 47 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 282 48 839 839 NUM crl-24514 282 49 using use VERB crl-24514 282 50 their their PRON crl-24514 282 51 research research NOUN crl-24514 282 52 . . PUNCT crl-24514 283 1 after after ADP crl-24514 283 2 successfully successfully ADV crl-24514 283 3 critiquing critique VERB crl-24514 283 4 one one NUM crl-24514 283 5 of of ADP crl-24514 283 6 the the DET crl-24514 283 7 most most ADV crl-24514 283 8 established established ADJ crl-24514 283 9 newspapers newspaper NOUN crl-24514 283 10 in in ADP crl-24514 283 11 the the DET crl-24514 283 12 country country NOUN crl-24514 283 13 , , PUNCT crl-24514 283 14 students student NOUN crl-24514 283 15 reported report VERB crl-24514 283 16 feeling feel VERB crl-24514 283 17 empowered empower VERB crl-24514 283 18 to to PART crl-24514 283 19 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 283 20 a a DET crl-24514 283 21 source source NOUN crl-24514 283 22 ’s ’s NOUN crl-24514 283 23 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 283 24 , , PUNCT crl-24514 283 25 despite despite SCONJ crl-24514 283 26 their their PRON crl-24514 283 27 previous previous ADJ crl-24514 283 28 acceptance acceptance NOUN crl-24514 283 29 of of ADP crl-24514 283 30 the the DET crl-24514 283 31 source source NOUN crl-24514 283 32 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 283 33 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 283 34 . . PUNCT crl-24514 284 1 student student NOUN crl-24514 284 2 feedback feedback NOUN crl-24514 284 3 on on ADP crl-24514 284 4 the the DET crl-24514 284 5 session session NOUN crl-24514 284 6 indicated indicate VERB crl-24514 284 7 that that SCONJ crl-24514 284 8 the the DET crl-24514 284 9 session session NOUN crl-24514 284 10 equipped equip VERB crl-24514 284 11 them they PRON crl-24514 284 12 with with ADP crl-24514 284 13 some some PRON crl-24514 284 14 of of ADP crl-24514 284 15 the the DET crl-24514 284 16 needed need VERB crl-24514 284 17 skills skill NOUN crl-24514 284 18 and and CCONJ crl-24514 284 19 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 284 20 to to PART crl-24514 284 21 enter enter VERB crl-24514 284 22 a a DET crl-24514 284 23 professional professional ADJ crl-24514 284 24 and and CCONJ crl-24514 284 25 scholarly scholarly ADJ crl-24514 284 26 conversation conversation NOUN crl-24514 284 27 , , PUNCT crl-24514 284 28 which which PRON crl-24514 284 29 many many ADJ crl-24514 284 30 undergraduates undergraduate VERB crl-24514 284 31 lack.78 lack.78 PROPN crl-24514 284 32 future future ADJ crl-24514 284 33 considerations consideration NOUN crl-24514 284 34 the the DET crl-24514 284 35 successful successful ADJ crl-24514 284 36 use use NOUN crl-24514 284 37 of of ADP crl-24514 284 38 the the DET crl-24514 284 39 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 284 40 as as ADP crl-24514 284 41 a a DET crl-24514 284 42 source source NOUN crl-24514 284 43 of of ADP crl-24514 284 44 formative formative ADJ crl-24514 284 45 and and CCONJ crl-24514 284 46 summative summative ADJ crl-24514 284 47 data datum NOUN crl-24514 284 48 suggests suggest VERB crl-24514 284 49 future future NOUN crl-24514 284 50 uses use NOUN crl-24514 284 51 and and CCONJ crl-24514 284 52 informs inform VERB crl-24514 284 53 instruction instruction NOUN crl-24514 284 54 . . PUNCT crl-24514 285 1 it it PRON crl-24514 285 2 may may AUX crl-24514 285 3 be be AUX crl-24514 285 4 beneficial beneficial ADJ crl-24514 285 5 to to PART crl-24514 285 6 use use VERB crl-24514 285 7 the the DET crl-24514 285 8 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 285 9 on on ADP crl-24514 285 10 an an DET crl-24514 285 11 ongoing ongoing ADJ crl-24514 285 12 basis basis NOUN crl-24514 285 13 throughout throughout ADP crl-24514 285 14 the the DET crl-24514 285 15 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 285 16 . . PUNCT crl-24514 286 1 ongoing ongoing ADJ crl-24514 286 2 formative formative ADJ crl-24514 286 3 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 286 4 would would AUX crl-24514 286 5 supply supply VERB crl-24514 286 6 more more ADV crl-24514 286 7 frequent frequent ADJ crl-24514 286 8 student student NOUN crl-24514 286 9 feedback feedback NOUN crl-24514 286 10 and and CCONJ crl-24514 286 11 better well ADV crl-24514 286 12 reveal reveal VERB crl-24514 286 13 the the DET crl-24514 286 14 ebbs ebb NOUN crl-24514 286 15 and and CCONJ crl-24514 286 16 flows flow NOUN crl-24514 286 17 of of ADP crl-24514 286 18 student student NOUN crl-24514 286 19 understanding understanding NOUN crl-24514 286 20 and and CCONJ crl-24514 286 21 misunderstanding.79 misunderstanding.79 NOUN crl-24514 286 22 armed arm VERB crl-24514 286 23 with with ADP crl-24514 286 24 this this DET crl-24514 286 25 information information NOUN crl-24514 286 26 , , PUNCT crl-24514 286 27 instructors instructor NOUN crl-24514 286 28 could could AUX crl-24514 286 29 better well ADV crl-24514 286 30 scaffold scaffold VERB crl-24514 286 31 the the DET crl-24514 286 32 various various ADJ crl-24514 286 33 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 286 34 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 286 35 and and CCONJ crl-24514 286 36 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 286 37 methods method NOUN crl-24514 286 38 such such ADJ crl-24514 286 39 as as ADP crl-24514 286 40 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 286 41 lateral lateral ADJ crl-24514 286 42 reading reading NOUN crl-24514 286 43 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 286 44 throughout throughout ADP crl-24514 286 45 the the DET crl-24514 286 46 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 286 47 and and CCONJ crl-24514 286 48 beyond.80 beyond.80 NOUN crl-24514 286 49 so so ADV crl-24514 286 50 doing do VERB crl-24514 286 51 also also ADV crl-24514 286 52 may may AUX crl-24514 286 53 enable enable VERB crl-24514 286 54 instructors instructor NOUN crl-24514 286 55 to to PART crl-24514 286 56 better well ADV crl-24514 286 57 locate locate VERB crl-24514 286 58 students student NOUN crl-24514 286 59 ’ ' PUNCT crl-24514 286 60 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 286 61 stuck stuck ADJ crl-24514 286 62 places place NOUN crl-24514 286 63 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 286 64 and and CCONJ crl-24514 286 65 provide provide VERB crl-24514 286 66 responsive responsive ADJ crl-24514 286 67 instruction instruction NOUN crl-24514 286 68 to to PART crl-24514 286 69 advance advance VERB crl-24514 286 70 students student NOUN crl-24514 286 71 beyond beyond ADP crl-24514 286 72 their their PRON crl-24514 286 73 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 286 74 epistemological epistemological ADJ crl-24514 286 75 obstacles obstacle NOUN crl-24514 286 76 . . PUNCT crl-24514 287 1 ”81 ”81 PROPN crl-24514 287 2 instructors instructor NOUN crl-24514 287 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 287 4 for for ADP crl-24514 287 5 example example NOUN crl-24514 287 6 , , PUNCT crl-24514 287 7 could could AUX crl-24514 287 8 offer offer VERB crl-24514 287 9 responsive responsive ADJ crl-24514 287 10 instruction instruction NOUN crl-24514 287 11 in in ADP crl-24514 287 12 how how SCONJ crl-24514 287 13 to to PART crl-24514 287 14 properly properly ADV crl-24514 287 15 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 287 16 writing writing NOUN crl-24514 287 17 style style NOUN crl-24514 287 18 , , PUNCT crl-24514 287 19 especially especially ADV crl-24514 287 20 as as SCONJ crl-24514 287 21 it it PRON crl-24514 287 22 pertains pertain VERB crl-24514 287 23 to to PART crl-24514 287 24 bias bias VERB crl-24514 287 25 , , PUNCT crl-24514 287 26 and and CCONJ crl-24514 287 27 the the DET crl-24514 287 28 possible possible ADJ crl-24514 287 29 social social ADJ crl-24514 287 30 factors factor NOUN crl-24514 287 31 that that PRON crl-24514 287 32 influence influence VERB crl-24514 287 33 students student NOUN crl-24514 287 34 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 287 35 distrust distrust NOUN crl-24514 287 36 of of ADP crl-24514 287 37 news.82 news.82 NOUN crl-24514 287 38 the the DET crl-24514 287 39 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 287 40 also also ADV crl-24514 287 41 can can AUX crl-24514 287 42 be be AUX crl-24514 287 43 used use VERB crl-24514 287 44 early early ADV crl-24514 287 45 in in ADP crl-24514 287 46 a a DET crl-24514 287 47 curriculum curriculum NOUN crl-24514 287 48 to to PART crl-24514 287 49 allow allow VERB crl-24514 287 50 disciplinary disciplinary ADJ crl-24514 287 51 and and CCONJ crl-24514 287 52 library library NOUN crl-24514 287 53 instructors instructor NOUN crl-24514 287 54 to to ADP crl-24514 287 55 scaffold scaffold NOUN crl-24514 287 56 instruction instruction NOUN crl-24514 287 57 on on ADP crl-24514 287 58 specific specific ADJ crl-24514 287 59 information information NOUN crl-24514 287 60 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 287 61 skills skill NOUN crl-24514 287 62 throughout throughout ADP crl-24514 287 63 the the DET crl-24514 287 64 remainder remainder NOUN crl-24514 287 65 of of ADP crl-24514 287 66 the the DET crl-24514 287 67 curriculum curriculum NOUN crl-24514 287 68 . . PUNCT crl-24514 288 1 the the DET crl-24514 288 2 authors author NOUN crl-24514 288 3 plan plan VERB crl-24514 288 4 to to PART crl-24514 288 5 use use VERB crl-24514 288 6 this this DET crl-24514 288 7 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 288 8 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 288 9 results result NOUN crl-24514 288 10 to to PART crl-24514 288 11 inform inform VERB crl-24514 288 12 information information NOUN crl-24514 288 13 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 288 14 sessions session NOUN crl-24514 288 15 in in ADP crl-24514 288 16 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 288 17 courses course NOUN crl-24514 288 18 that that PRON crl-24514 288 19 follow follow VERB crl-24514 288 20 the the DET crl-24514 288 21 information information NOUN crl-24514 288 22 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 288 23 course course NOUN crl-24514 288 24 , , PUNCT crl-24514 288 25 such such ADJ crl-24514 288 26 as as ADP crl-24514 288 27 media medium NOUN crl-24514 288 28 writing writing NOUN crl-24514 288 29 , , PUNCT crl-24514 288 30 research research NOUN crl-24514 288 31 methods method NOUN crl-24514 288 32 for for ADP crl-24514 288 33 strategic strategic ADJ crl-24514 288 34 communications communication NOUN crl-24514 288 35 , , PUNCT crl-24514 288 36 and and CCONJ crl-24514 288 37 special special ADJ crl-24514 288 38 topics topic NOUN crl-24514 288 39 . . PUNCT crl-24514 289 1 the the DET crl-24514 289 2 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 289 3 can can AUX crl-24514 289 4 be be AUX crl-24514 289 5 used use VERB crl-24514 289 6 in in ADP crl-24514 289 7 these these DET crl-24514 289 8 subsequent subsequent ADJ crl-24514 289 9 courses course NOUN crl-24514 289 10 to to PART crl-24514 289 11 continually continually ADV crl-24514 289 12 gauge gauge VERB crl-24514 289 13 student student NOUN crl-24514 289 14 development development NOUN crl-24514 289 15 . . PUNCT crl-24514 290 1 in in ADP crl-24514 290 2 addition addition NOUN crl-24514 290 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 290 4 while while SCONJ crl-24514 290 5 the the DET crl-24514 290 6 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 290 7 discussed discuss VERB crl-24514 290 8 here here ADV crl-24514 290 9 focused focus VERB crl-24514 290 10 on on ADP crl-24514 290 11 the the DET crl-24514 290 12 acrl acrl ADJ crl-24514 290 13 frame frame NOUN crl-24514 290 14 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 290 15 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 290 16 is be AUX crl-24514 290 17 constructed construct VERB crl-24514 290 18 and and CCONJ crl-24514 290 19 contextual contextual ADJ crl-24514 290 20 , , PUNCT crl-24514 290 21 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 290 22 the the DET crl-24514 290 23 redesigned redesign VERB crl-24514 290 24 information information NOUN crl-24514 290 25 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 290 26 session session NOUN crl-24514 290 27 guided guide VERB crl-24514 290 28 students student NOUN crl-24514 290 29 through through ADP crl-24514 290 30 interrelated interrelate VERB crl-24514 290 31 acrl acrl ADJ crl-24514 290 32 information information NOUN crl-24514 290 33 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 290 34 frames frame NOUN crl-24514 290 35 , , PUNCT crl-24514 290 36 suggesting suggest VERB crl-24514 290 37 that that SCONJ crl-24514 290 38 this this DET crl-24514 290 39 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 290 40 may may AUX crl-24514 290 41 be be AUX crl-24514 290 42 useful useful ADJ crl-24514 290 43 for for ADP crl-24514 290 44 determining determine VERB crl-24514 290 45 student student NOUN crl-24514 290 46 comprehension comprehension NOUN crl-24514 290 47 of of ADP crl-24514 290 48 information information NOUN crl-24514 290 49 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 290 50 concepts concept NOUN crl-24514 290 51 beyond beyond ADP crl-24514 290 52 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 290 53 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 290 54 is be AUX crl-24514 290 55 constructed construct VERB crl-24514 290 56 and and CCONJ crl-24514 290 57 contextual contextual ADJ crl-24514 290 58 . . PUNCT crl-24514 290 59 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 291 1 a a DET crl-24514 291 2 limitation limitation NOUN crl-24514 291 3 of of ADP crl-24514 291 4 the the DET crl-24514 291 5 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 291 6 presented present VERB crl-24514 291 7 here here ADV crl-24514 291 8 is be AUX crl-24514 291 9 that that SCONJ crl-24514 291 10 it it PRON crl-24514 291 11 does do AUX crl-24514 291 12 not not PART crl-24514 291 13 account account VERB crl-24514 291 14 explicitly explicitly ADV crl-24514 291 15 for for ADP crl-24514 291 16 the the DET crl-24514 291 17 accuracy accuracy NOUN crl-24514 291 18 of of ADP crl-24514 291 19 students student NOUN crl-24514 291 20 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 291 21 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 291 22 . . PUNCT crl-24514 292 1 an an DET crl-24514 292 2 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 292 3 ’s ’s PART crl-24514 292 4 accuracy accuracy NOUN crl-24514 292 5 is be AUX crl-24514 292 6 assumed assume VERB crl-24514 292 7 to to PART crl-24514 292 8 emerge emerge VERB crl-24514 292 9 in in ADP crl-24514 292 10 the the DET crl-24514 292 11 process process NOUN crl-24514 292 12 of of ADP crl-24514 292 13 researching research VERB crl-24514 292 14 and and CCONJ crl-24514 292 15 articulating articulate VERB crl-24514 292 16 the the DET crl-24514 292 17 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 292 18 of of ADP crl-24514 292 19 individual individual ADJ crl-24514 292 20 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 292 21 . . PUNCT crl-24514 293 1 the the DET crl-24514 293 2 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 293 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 293 4 however however ADV crl-24514 293 5 , , PUNCT crl-24514 293 6 does do AUX crl-24514 293 7 not not PART crl-24514 293 8 interrogate interrogate VERB crl-24514 293 9 the the DET crl-24514 293 10 completeness completeness NOUN crl-24514 293 11 of of ADP crl-24514 293 12 the the DET crl-24514 293 13 research research NOUN crl-24514 293 14 that that PRON crl-24514 293 15 students student NOUN crl-24514 293 16 conduct conduct VERB crl-24514 293 17 on on ADP crl-24514 293 18 each each DET crl-24514 293 19 cue cue NOUN crl-24514 293 20 , , PUNCT crl-24514 293 21 and and CCONJ crl-24514 293 22 the the DET crl-24514 293 23 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 293 24 does do AUX crl-24514 293 25 not not PART crl-24514 293 26 include include VERB crl-24514 293 27 a a DET crl-24514 293 28 score score NOUN crl-24514 293 29 for for ADP crl-24514 293 30 the the DET crl-24514 293 31 accuracy accuracy NOUN crl-24514 293 32 of of ADP crl-24514 293 33 an an DET crl-24514 293 34 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 293 35 at at ADP crl-24514 293 36 cue cue NOUN crl-24514 293 37 or or CCONJ crl-24514 293 38 overall overall ADJ crl-24514 293 39 source source NOUN crl-24514 293 40 levels level NOUN crl-24514 293 41 . . PUNCT crl-24514 294 1 as as SCONJ crl-24514 294 2 some some PRON crl-24514 294 3 of of ADP crl-24514 294 4 the the DET crl-24514 294 5 excerpts excerpt NOUN crl-24514 294 6 from from ADP crl-24514 294 7 student student NOUN crl-24514 294 8 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 294 9 illustrate illustrate VERB crl-24514 294 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 294 11 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 294 12 accuracy accuracy NOUN crl-24514 294 13 is be AUX crl-24514 294 14 not not PART crl-24514 294 15 guaranteed guarantee VERB crl-24514 294 16 , , PUNCT crl-24514 294 17 even even ADV crl-24514 294 18 when when SCONJ crl-24514 294 19 students student NOUN crl-24514 294 20 provide provide VERB crl-24514 294 21 evidence evidence NOUN crl-24514 294 22 of of ADP crl-24514 294 23 their their PRON crl-24514 294 24 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 294 25 arguments argument NOUN crl-24514 294 26 . . PUNCT crl-24514 295 1 in in ADP crl-24514 295 2 the the DET crl-24514 295 3 future future NOUN crl-24514 295 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 295 5 it it PRON crl-24514 295 6 may may AUX crl-24514 295 7 be be AUX crl-24514 295 8 necessary necessary ADJ crl-24514 295 9 to to PART crl-24514 295 10 expand expand VERB crl-24514 295 11 the the DET crl-24514 295 12 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 295 13 to to PART crl-24514 295 14 include include VERB crl-24514 295 15 dimensions dimension NOUN crl-24514 295 16 of of ADP crl-24514 295 17 accuracy accuracy NOUN crl-24514 295 18 and and CCONJ crl-24514 295 19 research research NOUN crl-24514 295 20 depth depth NOUN crl-24514 295 21 . . PUNCT crl-24514 296 1 conclusion conclusion NOUN crl-24514 296 2 this this DET crl-24514 296 3 paper paper NOUN crl-24514 296 4 discusses discuss VERB crl-24514 296 5 the the DET crl-24514 296 6 process process NOUN crl-24514 296 7 used use VERB crl-24514 296 8 to to PART crl-24514 296 9 develop develop VERB crl-24514 296 10 a a DET crl-24514 296 11 source source NOUN crl-24514 296 12 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 296 13 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 296 14 for for ADP crl-24514 296 15 a a DET crl-24514 296 16 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 296 17 information information NOUN crl-24514 296 18 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 296 19 course course NOUN crl-24514 296 20 and and CCONJ crl-24514 296 21 reports report VERB crl-24514 296 22 the the DET crl-24514 296 23 results result NOUN crl-24514 296 24 from from ADP crl-24514 296 25 using use VERB crl-24514 296 26 this this DET crl-24514 296 27 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 296 28 as as ADP crl-24514 296 29 formative formative ADJ crl-24514 296 30 and and CCONJ crl-24514 296 31 summative summative ADJ crl-24514 296 32 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 296 33 in in ADP crl-24514 296 34 the the DET crl-24514 296 35 one one NUM crl-24514 296 36 - - PUNCT crl-24514 296 37 semester semester NOUN crl-24514 296 38 course course NOUN crl-24514 296 39 . . PUNCT crl-24514 297 1 despite despite SCONJ crl-24514 297 2 being be AUX crl-24514 297 3 developed develop VERB crl-24514 297 4 for for ADP crl-24514 297 5 a a DET crl-24514 297 6 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 297 7 course course NOUN crl-24514 297 8 , , PUNCT crl-24514 297 9 the the DET crl-24514 297 10 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 297 11 has have VERB crl-24514 297 12 utility utility NOUN crl-24514 297 13 outside outside ADP crl-24514 297 14 of of ADP crl-24514 297 15 this this DET crl-24514 297 16 discipline discipline NOUN crl-24514 297 17 . . PUNCT crl-24514 298 1 being be AUX crl-24514 298 2 rooted root VERB crl-24514 298 3 in in ADP crl-24514 298 4 the the DET crl-24514 298 5 universal universal ADJ crl-24514 298 6 frame frame NOUN crl-24514 298 7 of of ADP crl-24514 298 8 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 298 9 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 298 10 is be AUX crl-24514 298 11 constructed construct VERB crl-24514 298 12 and and CCONJ crl-24514 298 13 contextual contextual ADJ crl-24514 298 14 , , PUNCT crl-24514 298 15 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 298 16 the the DET crl-24514 298 17 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 298 18 can can AUX crl-24514 298 19 be be AUX crl-24514 298 20 adapted adapt VERB crl-24514 298 21 840 840 NUM crl-24514 298 22 college college NOUN crl-24514 298 23 & & CCONJ crl-24514 298 24 research research PROPN crl-24514 298 25 libraries library NOUN crl-24514 298 26 july july PROPN crl-24514 298 27 2020 2020 NUM crl-24514 298 28 to to ADP crl-24514 298 29 any any DET crl-24514 298 30 setting setting NOUN crl-24514 298 31 in in ADP crl-24514 298 32 which which PRON crl-24514 298 33 students student NOUN crl-24514 298 34 are be AUX crl-24514 298 35 expected expect VERB crl-24514 298 36 to to PART crl-24514 298 37 perform perform VERB crl-24514 298 38 source source NOUN crl-24514 298 39 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 298 40 by by ADP crl-24514 298 41 articulating articulate VERB crl-24514 298 42 what what PRON crl-24514 298 43 constitutes constitute VERB crl-24514 298 44 disciplinary disciplinary ADJ crl-24514 298 45 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 298 46 and and CCONJ crl-24514 298 47 how how SCONJ crl-24514 298 48 well well ADV crl-24514 298 49 a a DET crl-24514 298 50 source source NOUN crl-24514 298 51 reflects reflect VERB crl-24514 298 52 this this DET crl-24514 298 53 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 298 54 . . PUNCT crl-24514 299 1 while while SCONJ crl-24514 299 2 news news NOUN crl-24514 299 3 articles article NOUN crl-24514 299 4 were be AUX crl-24514 299 5 used use VERB crl-24514 299 6 as as ADP crl-24514 299 7 the the DET crl-24514 299 8 stimuli stimulus NOUN crl-24514 299 9 for for ADP crl-24514 299 10 students student NOUN crl-24514 299 11 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 299 12 source source NOUN crl-24514 299 13 evaluations evaluation NOUN crl-24514 299 14 in in ADP crl-24514 299 15 the the DET crl-24514 299 16 instance instance NOUN crl-24514 299 17 reported report VERB crl-24514 299 18 here here ADV crl-24514 299 19 , , PUNCT crl-24514 299 20 nonjournalism nonjournalism NOUN crl-24514 299 21 instructors instructor NOUN crl-24514 299 22 can can AUX crl-24514 299 23 ask ask VERB crl-24514 299 24 their their PRON crl-24514 299 25 students student NOUN crl-24514 299 26 to to PART crl-24514 299 27 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 299 28 materials material NOUN crl-24514 299 29 commonly commonly ADV crl-24514 299 30 used use VERB crl-24514 299 31 as as ADP crl-24514 299 32 information information NOUN crl-24514 299 33 sources source NOUN crl-24514 299 34 in in ADP crl-24514 299 35 their their PRON crl-24514 299 36 disciplines discipline NOUN crl-24514 299 37 . . PUNCT crl-24514 300 1 erin erin PROPN crl-24514 300 2 daniels daniels PROPN crl-24514 300 3 ’ ' PUNCT crl-24514 300 4 rubric rubric NOUN crl-24514 300 5 and and CCONJ crl-24514 300 6 the the DET crl-24514 300 7 derivative derivative ADJ crl-24514 300 8 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 300 9 presented present VERB crl-24514 300 10 here here ADV crl-24514 300 11 involves involve VERB crl-24514 300 12 a a DET crl-24514 300 13 general general ADJ crl-24514 300 14 process process NOUN crl-24514 300 15 of of ADP crl-24514 300 16 identifying identify VERB crl-24514 300 17 indicators indicator NOUN crl-24514 300 18 of of ADP crl-24514 300 19 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 300 20 within within ADP crl-24514 300 21 a a DET crl-24514 300 22 source source NOUN crl-24514 300 23 — — PUNCT crl-24514 300 24 which which PRON crl-24514 300 25 are be AUX crl-24514 300 26 called call VERB crl-24514 300 27 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 300 28 cues cue NOUN crl-24514 300 29 here here ADV crl-24514 300 30 — — PUNCT crl-24514 300 31 and and CCONJ crl-24514 300 32 evaluating evaluate VERB crl-24514 300 33 whether whether SCONJ crl-24514 300 34 each each DET crl-24514 300 35 indicator indicator NOUN crl-24514 300 36 contributes contribute VERB crl-24514 300 37 to to ADP crl-24514 300 38 or or CCONJ crl-24514 300 39 detracts detract VERB crl-24514 300 40 from from ADP crl-24514 300 41 the the DET crl-24514 300 42 overall overall ADJ crl-24514 300 43 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 300 44 of of ADP crl-24514 300 45 the the DET crl-24514 300 46 source source NOUN crl-24514 300 47 . . PUNCT crl-24514 301 1 this this DET crl-24514 301 2 general general ADJ crl-24514 301 3 process process NOUN crl-24514 301 4 should should AUX crl-24514 301 5 be be AUX crl-24514 301 6 transferable transferable ADJ crl-24514 301 7 across across ADP crl-24514 301 8 the the DET crl-24514 301 9 disciplines discipline NOUN crl-24514 301 10 such such ADJ crl-24514 301 11 that that SCONJ crl-24514 301 12 its its PRON crl-24514 301 13 use use NOUN crl-24514 301 14 can can AUX crl-24514 301 15 inform inform VERB crl-24514 301 16 instructors instructor NOUN crl-24514 301 17 and and CCONJ crl-24514 301 18 improve improve VERB crl-24514 301 19 information information NOUN crl-24514 301 20 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 301 21 instruction instruction NOUN crl-24514 301 22 beyond beyond ADP crl-24514 301 23 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 301 24 education education NOUN crl-24514 301 25 . . PUNCT crl-24514 302 1 notes note NOUN crl-24514 302 2 1 1 NUM crl-24514 302 3 . . PROPN crl-24514 302 4 matt matt PROPN crl-24514 302 5 carlson carlson PROPN crl-24514 302 6 and and CCONJ crl-24514 302 7 bob bob PROPN crl-24514 302 8 franklin franklin PROPN crl-24514 302 9 , , PUNCT crl-24514 302 10 journalists journalist NOUN crl-24514 302 11 , , PUNCT crl-24514 302 12 sources source NOUN crl-24514 302 13 , , PUNCT crl-24514 302 14 and and CCONJ crl-24514 302 15 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 302 16 : : PUNCT crl-24514 302 17 new new ADJ crl-24514 302 18 perspectives perspective NOUN crl-24514 302 19 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 302 20 new new PROPN crl-24514 302 21 york york PROPN crl-24514 302 22 , , PUNCT crl-24514 302 23 ny ny PROPN crl-24514 302 24 : : PUNCT crl-24514 302 25 routledge routledge NOUN crl-24514 302 26 , , PUNCT crl-24514 302 27 2011 2011 NUM crl-24514 302 28 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 302 29 . . PUNCT crl-24514 303 1 2 2 X crl-24514 303 2 . . X crl-24514 303 3 jefferson jefferson PROPN crl-24514 303 4 spurlock spurlock PROPN crl-24514 303 5 , , PUNCT crl-24514 303 6 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 303 7 why why SCONJ crl-24514 303 8 journalists journalist NOUN crl-24514 303 9 lie lie VERB crl-24514 303 10 : : PUNCT crl-24514 303 11 the the DET crl-24514 303 12 troublesome troublesome ADJ crl-24514 303 13 times time NOUN crl-24514 303 14 for for ADP crl-24514 303 15 janet janet PROPN crl-24514 303 16 cooke cooke PROPN crl-24514 303 17 , , PUNCT crl-24514 303 18 stephen stephen PROPN crl-24514 303 19 glass glass PROPN crl-24514 303 20 , , PUNCT crl-24514 303 21 jayson jayson PROPN crl-24514 303 22 blair blair PROPN crl-24514 303 23 , , PUNCT crl-24514 303 24 and and CCONJ crl-24514 303 25 brian brian PROPN crl-24514 303 26 williams williams PROPN crl-24514 303 27 , , PUNCT crl-24514 303 28 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 303 29 etc etc X crl-24514 303 30 : : PUNCT crl-24514 303 31 a a DET crl-24514 303 32 review review NOUN crl-24514 303 33 of of ADP crl-24514 303 34 general general ADJ crl-24514 303 35 semantics semantic NOUN crl-24514 303 36 73 73 NUM crl-24514 303 37 , , PUNCT crl-24514 303 38 no no NOUN crl-24514 303 39 . . NOUN crl-24514 303 40 1 1 NUM crl-24514 303 41 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 303 42 2016 2016 NUM crl-24514 303 43 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 303 44 71–76 71–76 NUM crl-24514 303 45 . . PROPN crl-24514 303 46 3 3 X crl-24514 303 47 . . X crl-24514 303 48 accrediting accredit VERB crl-24514 303 49 council council PROPN crl-24514 303 50 on on ADP crl-24514 303 51 education education NOUN crl-24514 303 52 in in ADP crl-24514 303 53 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 303 54 and and CCONJ crl-24514 303 55 mass mass NOUN crl-24514 303 56 communications communication NOUN crl-24514 303 57 , , PUNCT crl-24514 303 58 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 303 59 acejmc acejmc NOUN crl-24514 303 60 accrediting accrediting NOUN crl-24514 303 61 standards standard NOUN crl-24514 303 62 , , PUNCT crl-24514 303 63 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 303 64 section section NOUN crl-24514 303 65 3 3 NUM crl-24514 303 66 , , PUNCT crl-24514 303 67 last last ADV crl-24514 303 68 modified modify VERB crl-24514 303 69 september september PROPN crl-24514 303 70 2013 2013 NUM crl-24514 303 71 , , PUNCT crl-24514 303 72 http://acejmc.ku.edu/program/standards.shtml http://acejmc.ku.edu/program/standards.shtml PROPN crl-24514 303 73 . . PUNCT crl-24514 304 1 4 4 X crl-24514 304 2 . . PROPN crl-24514 304 3 annmarie annmarie PROPN crl-24514 304 4 b. b. PROPN crl-24514 304 5 singh singh PROPN crl-24514 304 6 , , PUNCT crl-24514 304 7 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 304 8 a a DET crl-24514 304 9 report report NOUN crl-24514 304 10 on on ADP crl-24514 304 11 faculty faculty NOUN crl-24514 304 12 perceptions perception NOUN crl-24514 304 13 of of ADP crl-24514 304 14 students student NOUN crl-24514 304 15 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 304 16 information information NOUN crl-24514 304 17 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 304 18 competencies competency NOUN crl-24514 304 19 in in ADP crl-24514 304 20 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 304 21 and and CCONJ crl-24514 304 22 mass mass ADJ crl-24514 304 23 communication communication NOUN crl-24514 304 24 programs program NOUN crl-24514 304 25 : : PUNCT crl-24514 304 26 the the DET crl-24514 304 27 acejmc acejmc NOUN crl-24514 304 28 survey survey VERB crl-24514 304 29 , , PUNCT crl-24514 304 30 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 304 31 college college PROPN crl-24514 304 32 & & CCONJ crl-24514 304 33 research research PROPN crl-24514 304 34 libraries library NOUN crl-24514 304 35 66 66 NUM crl-24514 304 36 , , PUNCT crl-24514 304 37 no no INTJ crl-24514 304 38 . . NOUN crl-24514 304 39 4 4 NUM crl-24514 304 40 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 304 41 2005 2005 NUM crl-24514 304 42 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 304 43 294–311 294–311 NUM crl-24514 304 44 . . NUM crl-24514 305 1 5 5 X crl-24514 305 2 . . X crl-24514 305 3 katelyn katelyn PROPN crl-24514 305 4 angell angell PROPN crl-24514 305 5 and and CCONJ crl-24514 305 6 eamon eamon ADJ crl-24514 305 7 tewell tewell PROPN crl-24514 305 8 , , PUNCT crl-24514 305 9 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 305 10 teaching teaching NOUN crl-24514 305 11 and and CCONJ crl-24514 305 12 un un NOUN crl-24514 305 13 - - PUNCT crl-24514 305 14 teaching teaching ADJ crl-24514 305 15 source source NOUN crl-24514 305 16 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 305 17 : : PUNCT crl-24514 305 18 questioning question VERB crl-24514 305 19 authority authority NOUN crl-24514 305 20 in in ADP crl-24514 305 21 information information NOUN crl-24514 305 22 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 305 23 instruction instruction NOUN crl-24514 305 24 , , PUNCT crl-24514 305 25 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 305 26 communications communication NOUN crl-24514 305 27 in in ADP crl-24514 305 28 information information NOUN crl-24514 305 29 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 305 30 11 11 NUM crl-24514 305 31 , , PUNCT crl-24514 305 32 no no NOUN crl-24514 305 33 . . NOUN crl-24514 305 34 1 1 NUM crl-24514 305 35 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 305 36 2017 2017 NUM crl-24514 305 37 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 305 38 95–121 95–121 NUM crl-24514 305 39 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 305 40 erin erin NOUN crl-24514 305 41 daniels daniel NOUN crl-24514 305 42 , , PUNCT crl-24514 305 43 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 305 44 using use VERB crl-24514 305 45 a a DET crl-24514 305 46 targeted target VERB crl-24514 305 47 rubric rubric NOUN crl-24514 305 48 to to PART crl-24514 305 49 deepen deepen VERB crl-24514 305 50 direct direct ADJ crl-24514 305 51 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 305 52 of of ADP crl-24514 305 53 college college NOUN crl-24514 305 54 students student NOUN crl-24514 305 55 ’ ’ PART crl-24514 305 56 abilities ability NOUN crl-24514 305 57 to to PART crl-24514 305 58 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 305 59 the the DET crl-24514 305 60 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 305 61 of of ADP crl-24514 305 62 sources source NOUN crl-24514 305 63 , , PUNCT crl-24514 305 64 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 305 65 college college NOUN crl-24514 305 66 & & CCONJ crl-24514 305 67 undergraduate undergraduate PROPN crl-24514 305 68 libraries librarie VERB crl-24514 305 69 17 17 NUM crl-24514 305 70 , , PUNCT crl-24514 305 71 no no NOUN crl-24514 305 72 . . NOUN crl-24514 305 73 1 1 NUM crl-24514 305 74 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 305 75 2010 2010 NUM crl-24514 305 76 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 305 77 31–43 31–43 NUM crl-24514 305 78 , , PUNCT crl-24514 305 79 https://doi.org/10.1080/10691310903584767 https://doi.org/10.1080/10691310903584767 NOUN crl-24514 305 80 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 305 81 karen karen PROPN crl-24514 305 82 r. r. PROPN crl-24514 305 83 diller diller PROPN crl-24514 305 84 and and CCONJ crl-24514 305 85 sue sue PROPN crl-24514 305 86 f. f. PROPN crl-24514 305 87 phelps phelps PROPN crl-24514 305 88 , , PUNCT crl-24514 305 89 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 305 90 learning learn VERB crl-24514 305 91 outcomes outcome NOUN crl-24514 305 92 , , PUNCT crl-24514 305 93 portfolios portfolio NOUN crl-24514 305 94 , , PUNCT crl-24514 305 95 and and CCONJ crl-24514 305 96 rubrics rubric NOUN crl-24514 305 97 , , PUNCT crl-24514 305 98 oh oh INTJ crl-24514 305 99 my my INTJ crl-24514 305 100 ! ! PUNCT crl-24514 306 1 authentic authentic ADJ crl-24514 306 2 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 306 3 of of ADP crl-24514 306 4 an an DET crl-24514 306 5 information information NOUN crl-24514 306 6 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 306 7 program program NOUN crl-24514 306 8 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 9 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 306 10 portal portal NOUN crl-24514 306 11 : : PUNCT crl-24514 306 12 libraries library NOUN crl-24514 306 13 and and CCONJ crl-24514 306 14 the the DET crl-24514 306 15 academy academy NOUN crl-24514 306 16 8 8 NUM crl-24514 306 17 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 18 no no NOUN crl-24514 306 19 . . NOUN crl-24514 306 20 1 1 NUM crl-24514 306 21 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 306 22 2008 2008 NUM crl-24514 306 23 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 306 24 75–89 75–89 NUM crl-24514 306 25 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 26 https://doi.org/10.1353/ https://doi.org/10.1353/ PROPN crl-24514 306 27 pla.2008.0000 pla.2008.0000 NUM crl-24514 306 28 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 306 29 jos jos PROPN crl-24514 306 30 van van PROPN crl-24514 306 31 helvoort helvoort PROPN crl-24514 306 32 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 33 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 306 34 a a DET crl-24514 306 35 scoring scoring NOUN crl-24514 306 36 rubric rubric NOUN crl-24514 306 37 for for ADP crl-24514 306 38 performance performance NOUN crl-24514 306 39 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 306 40 of of ADP crl-24514 306 41 information information NOUN crl-24514 306 42 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 306 43 in in ADP crl-24514 306 44 dutch dutch ADJ crl-24514 306 45 higher high ADJ crl-24514 306 46 education education NOUN crl-24514 306 47 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 48 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 306 49 journal journal NOUN crl-24514 306 50 of of ADP crl-24514 306 51 information information NOUN crl-24514 306 52 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 306 53 4 4 NUM crl-24514 306 54 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 55 no no NOUN crl-24514 306 56 . . NOUN crl-24514 306 57 1 1 NUM crl-24514 306 58 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 306 59 2010 2010 NUM crl-24514 306 60 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 306 61 22–39 22–39 NUM crl-24514 306 62 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 63 https://doi.org/10.11645/4.1.1256 https://doi.org/10.11645/4.1.1256 X crl-24514 306 64 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 306 65 debra debra PROPN crl-24514 306 66 hoffmann hoffmann PROPN crl-24514 306 67 and and CCONJ crl-24514 306 68 kristen kristen PROPN crl-24514 306 69 labonte labonte PROPN crl-24514 306 70 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 71 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 306 72 meeting meet VERB crl-24514 306 73 information information NOUN crl-24514 306 74 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 306 75 outcomes outcome NOUN crl-24514 306 76 : : PUNCT crl-24514 306 77 partnering partner VERB crl-24514 306 78 with with ADP crl-24514 306 79 faculty faculty NOUN crl-24514 306 80 to to PART crl-24514 306 81 create create VERB crl-24514 306 82 effective effective ADJ crl-24514 306 83 information information NOUN crl-24514 306 84 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 306 85 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 306 86 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 87 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 306 88 journal journal NOUN crl-24514 306 89 of of ADP crl-24514 306 90 information information NOUN crl-24514 306 91 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 306 92 6 6 NUM crl-24514 306 93 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 94 no no NOUN crl-24514 306 95 . . NOUN crl-24514 306 96 2 2 NUM crl-24514 306 97 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 306 98 2012 2012 NUM crl-24514 306 99 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 306 100 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 101 70–85 70–85 NUM crl-24514 306 102 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 103 https:// https:// PROPN crl-24514 306 104 doi.org/10.11645/6.2.1615 doi.org/10.11645/6.2.1615 NOUN crl-24514 306 105 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 306 106 iris iris PROPN crl-24514 306 107 jastram jastram PROPN crl-24514 306 108 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 109 danya danya PROPN crl-24514 306 110 leebaw leebaw PROPN crl-24514 306 111 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 112 and and CCONJ crl-24514 306 113 heather heather ADJ crl-24514 306 114 tompkins tompkin NOUN crl-24514 306 115 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 116 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 306 117 situating situate VERB crl-24514 306 118 information information NOUN crl-24514 306 119 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 306 120 within within ADP crl-24514 306 121 the the DET crl-24514 306 122 curriculum curriculum NOUN crl-24514 306 123 : : PUNCT crl-24514 306 124 using use VERB crl-24514 306 125 a a DET crl-24514 306 126 rubric rubric NOUN crl-24514 306 127 to to PART crl-24514 306 128 shape shape VERB crl-24514 306 129 a a DET crl-24514 306 130 program program NOUN crl-24514 306 131 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 132 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 306 133 portal portal ADJ crl-24514 306 134 : : PUNCT crl-24514 306 135 libraries library NOUN crl-24514 306 136 and and CCONJ crl-24514 306 137 the the DET crl-24514 306 138 academy academy NOUN crl-24514 306 139 14 14 NUM crl-24514 306 140 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 141 no no NOUN crl-24514 306 142 . . NOUN crl-24514 306 143 2 2 NUM crl-24514 306 144 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 306 145 2014 2014 NUM crl-24514 306 146 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 306 147 165–86 165–86 NUM crl-24514 306 148 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 149 https://doi.org/10.1353/pla.2014.0011 https://doi.org/10.1353/pla.2014.0011 NOUN crl-24514 306 150 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 306 151 lorrie lorrie PROPN crl-24514 306 152 a. a. NOUN crl-24514 306 153 knight knight PROPN crl-24514 306 154 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 155 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 306 156 using use VERB crl-24514 306 157 rubrics rubric NOUN crl-24514 306 158 to to PART crl-24514 306 159 assess assess VERB crl-24514 306 160 information information NOUN crl-24514 306 161 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 306 162 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 163 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 306 164 reference reference NOUN crl-24514 306 165 services service NOUN crl-24514 306 166 review review VERB crl-24514 306 167 34 34 NUM crl-24514 306 168 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 169 no no NOUN crl-24514 306 170 . . NOUN crl-24514 306 171 1 1 NUM crl-24514 306 172 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 306 173 2006 2006 NUM crl-24514 306 174 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 306 175 43–55 43–55 NUM crl-24514 306 176 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 177 https://doi.org/10.1108/00907320610640752 https://doi.org/10.1108/00907320610640752 PROPN crl-24514 306 178 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 306 179 davida davida PROPN crl-24514 306 180 scharf scharf PROPN crl-24514 306 181 et et PROPN crl-24514 306 182 al al PROPN crl-24514 306 183 . . PROPN crl-24514 306 184 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 185 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 306 186 direct direct ADJ crl-24514 306 187 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 306 188 of of ADP crl-24514 306 189 information information NOUN crl-24514 306 190 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 306 191 using use VERB crl-24514 306 192 writing write VERB crl-24514 306 193 portfolios portfolio NOUN crl-24514 306 194 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 195 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 306 196 journal journal NOUN crl-24514 306 197 of of ADP crl-24514 306 198 academic academic ADJ crl-24514 306 199 librarianship librarianship NOUN crl-24514 306 200 33 33 NUM crl-24514 306 201 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 202 no no NOUN crl-24514 306 203 . . NOUN crl-24514 306 204 4 4 NUM crl-24514 306 205 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 306 206 2007 2007 NUM crl-24514 306 207 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 306 208 462–78 462–78 PROPN crl-24514 306 209 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 210 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acalib.2007.03.005 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acalib.2007.03.005 X crl-24514 306 211 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 306 212 lara lara PROPN crl-24514 306 213 ursin ursin PROPN crl-24514 306 214 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 215 elizabeth elizabeth PROPN crl-24514 306 216 blakesley blakesley PROPN crl-24514 306 217 lindsay lindsay PROPN crl-24514 306 218 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 219 and and CCONJ crl-24514 306 220 corey corey PROPN crl-24514 306 221 m. m. PROPN crl-24514 306 222 johnson johnson PROPN crl-24514 306 223 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 224 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 306 225 assessing assess VERB crl-24514 306 226 library library NOUN crl-24514 306 227 instruction instruction NOUN crl-24514 306 228 in in ADP crl-24514 306 229 the the DET crl-24514 306 230 freshman freshman NOUN crl-24514 306 231 seminar seminar NOUN crl-24514 306 232 : : PUNCT crl-24514 306 233 a a DET crl-24514 306 234 citation citation NOUN crl-24514 306 235 analysis analysis NOUN crl-24514 306 236 study study NOUN crl-24514 306 237 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 238 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 306 239 reference reference NOUN crl-24514 306 240 services service NOUN crl-24514 306 241 review review VERB crl-24514 306 242 32 32 NUM crl-24514 306 243 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 244 no no NOUN crl-24514 306 245 . . NOUN crl-24514 306 246 3 3 NUM crl-24514 306 247 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 306 248 2004 2004 NUM crl-24514 306 249 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 306 250 284–92 284–92 PROPN crl-24514 306 251 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 252 https://doi.org/10.1108/00907320410553696 https://doi.org/10.1108/00907320410553696 X crl-24514 306 253 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 306 254 dorothy dorothy ADJ crl-24514 306 255 anne anne PROPN crl-24514 306 256 warner warner PROPN crl-24514 306 257 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 258 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 306 259 programmatic programmatic ADJ crl-24514 306 260 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 306 261 of of ADP crl-24514 306 262 information information NOUN crl-24514 306 263 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 306 264 skills skill NOUN crl-24514 306 265 using use VERB crl-24514 306 266 rubrics rubric NOUN crl-24514 306 267 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 268 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 306 269 journal journal NOUN crl-24514 306 270 on on ADP crl-24514 306 271 excellence excellence PROPN crl-24514 306 272 in in ADP crl-24514 306 273 college college NOUN crl-24514 306 274 teaching teach VERB crl-24514 306 275 20 20 NUM crl-24514 306 276 , , PUNCT crl-24514 306 277 no no NOUN crl-24514 306 278 . . NOUN crl-24514 306 279 1 1 NUM crl-24514 306 280 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 306 281 2009 2009 NUM crl-24514 306 282 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 306 283 149–65 149–65 NUM crl-24514 306 284 . . PUNCT crl-24514 307 1 6 6 X crl-24514 307 2 . . X crl-24514 307 3 association association PROPN crl-24514 307 4 of of ADP crl-24514 307 5 college college PROPN crl-24514 307 6 & & CCONJ crl-24514 307 7 research research PROPN crl-24514 307 8 libraries library NOUN crl-24514 307 9 [ [ X crl-24514 307 10 acrl acrl X crl-24514 307 11 ] ] X crl-24514 307 12 , , PUNCT crl-24514 307 13 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 307 14 information information NOUN crl-24514 307 15 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 307 16 competency competency NOUN crl-24514 307 17 standards standard NOUN crl-24514 307 18 for for ADP crl-24514 307 19 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 307 20 students student NOUN crl-24514 307 21 and and CCONJ crl-24514 307 22 professionals professional NOUN crl-24514 307 23 , , PUNCT crl-24514 307 24 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 307 25 american american PROPN crl-24514 307 26 library library PROPN crl-24514 307 27 association association PROPN crl-24514 307 28 , , PUNCT crl-24514 307 29 last last ADJ crl-24514 307 30 modified modify VERB crl-24514 307 31 october october PROPN crl-24514 307 32 2011 2011 NUM crl-24514 307 33 , , PUNCT crl-24514 307 34 http://www http://www PROPN crl-24514 307 35 . . PUNCT crl-24514 307 36 ala.org/acrl/sites/ala.org.acrl/files/content/standards/il ala.org/acrl/sites/ala.org.acrl/files/content/standards/il X crl-24514 307 37 _ _ X crl-24514 307 38 journalism.pdf journalism.pdf NUM crl-24514 307 39 . . PUNCT crl-24514 308 1 7 7 X crl-24514 308 2 . . PROPN crl-24514 308 3 adam adam PROPN crl-24514 308 4 j. j. PROPN crl-24514 308 5 kuban kuban PROPN crl-24514 308 6 and and CCONJ crl-24514 308 7 laura laura PROPN crl-24514 308 8 macleod macleod PROPN crl-24514 308 9 mulligan mulligan PROPN crl-24514 308 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 308 11 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 308 12 screencasts screencast NOUN crl-24514 308 13 and and CCONJ crl-24514 308 14 standards standard NOUN crl-24514 308 15 : : PUNCT crl-24514 308 16 connecting connect VERB crl-24514 308 17 an an DET crl-24514 308 18 introductory introductory ADJ crl-24514 308 19 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 308 20 research research NOUN crl-24514 308 21 course course NOUN crl-24514 308 22 with with ADP crl-24514 308 23 information information NOUN crl-24514 308 24 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 308 25 , , PUNCT crl-24514 308 26 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 308 27 communication communication NOUN crl-24514 308 28 teacher teacher NOUN crl-24514 308 29 28 28 NUM crl-24514 308 30 , , PUNCT crl-24514 308 31 no no INTJ crl-24514 308 32 . . NOUN crl-24514 308 33 3 3 NUM crl-24514 308 34 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 308 35 2014 2014 NUM crl-24514 308 36 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 308 37 188–95 188–95 NUM crl-24514 308 38 , , PUNCT crl-24514 308 39 https:// https:// PROPN crl-24514 308 40 doi.org/10.1080/17404622.2014.911335 doi.org/10.1080/17404622.2014.911335 NOUN crl-24514 308 41 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 308 42 margy margy PROPN crl-24514 308 43 elizabeth elizabeth PROPN crl-24514 308 44 macmillan macmillan PROPN crl-24514 308 45 , , PUNCT crl-24514 308 46 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 308 47 fostering foster VERB crl-24514 308 48 the the DET crl-24514 308 49 integration integration NOUN crl-24514 308 50 of of ADP crl-24514 308 51 information information NOUN crl-24514 308 52 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 308 53 and and CCONJ crl-24514 308 54 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 308 55 practice practice NOUN crl-24514 308 56 : : PUNCT crl-24514 308 57 a a DET crl-24514 308 58 long long ADJ crl-24514 308 59 - - PUNCT crl-24514 308 60 term term NOUN crl-24514 308 61 study study NOUN crl-24514 308 62 of of ADP crl-24514 308 63 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 308 64 students student NOUN crl-24514 308 65 , , PUNCT crl-24514 308 66 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 308 67 journal journal NOUN crl-24514 308 68 of of ADP crl-24514 308 69 information information NOUN crl-24514 308 70 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 308 71 8 8 NUM crl-24514 308 72 , , PUNCT crl-24514 308 73 no no NOUN crl-24514 308 74 . . NOUN crl-24514 308 75 2 2 NUM crl-24514 308 76 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 308 77 2014 2014 NUM crl-24514 308 78 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 308 79 3–12 3–12 PROPN crl-24514 308 80 , , PUNCT crl-24514 308 81 https://doi.org/10.11645/8.2.1941 https://doi.org/10.11645/8.2.1941 PROPN crl-24514 308 82 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 308 83 carol carol PROPN crl-24514 308 84 perruso perruso PROPN crl-24514 308 85 brown brown PROPN crl-24514 308 86 and and CCONJ crl-24514 308 87 barbara barbara PROPN crl-24514 308 88 kingsley kingsley PROPN crl-24514 308 89 - - PUNCT crl-24514 308 90 wilson wilson PROPN crl-24514 308 91 , , PUNCT crl-24514 308 92 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 308 93 assessing assess VERB crl-24514 308 94 organically organically ADV crl-24514 308 95 : : PUNCT crl-24514 308 96 turning turn VERB crl-24514 308 97 an an DET crl-24514 308 98 assignment assignment NOUN crl-24514 308 99 into into ADP crl-24514 308 100 an an DET crl-24514 308 101 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 308 102 , , PUNCT crl-24514 308 103 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 308 104 reference reference NOUN crl-24514 308 105 services service NOUN crl-24514 308 106 review review VERB crl-24514 308 107 38 38 NUM crl-24514 308 108 , , PUNCT crl-24514 308 109 no no NOUN crl-24514 308 110 . . NOUN crl-24514 308 111 4 4 NUM crl-24514 308 112 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 308 113 november november PROPN crl-24514 308 114 16 16 NUM crl-24514 308 115 , , PUNCT crl-24514 308 116 2010 2010 NUM crl-24514 308 117 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 308 118 536–56 536–56 NUM crl-24514 308 119 , , PUNCT crl-24514 308 120 https://doi.org/10.1108/00907321011090719 https://doi.org/10.1108/00907321011090719 X crl-24514 308 121 . . PUNCT crl-24514 309 1 8 8 X crl-24514 309 2 . . X crl-24514 309 3 sarah sarah PROPN crl-24514 309 4 mcgrew mcgrew PROPN crl-24514 309 5 , , PUNCT crl-24514 309 6 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 309 7 learning learn VERB crl-24514 309 8 to to PART crl-24514 309 9 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 309 10 : : PUNCT crl-24514 309 11 an an DET crl-24514 309 12 intervention intervention NOUN crl-24514 309 13 in in ADP crl-24514 309 14 civic civic ADJ crl-24514 309 15 online online ADJ crl-24514 309 16 reasoning reasoning NOUN crl-24514 309 17 , , PUNCT crl-24514 309 18 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 309 19 computers computer NOUN crl-24514 309 20 & & CCONJ crl-24514 309 21 education education NOUN crl-24514 309 22 145 145 NUM crl-24514 309 23 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 309 24 february february PROPN crl-24514 309 25 2020 2020 NUM crl-24514 309 26 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 309 27 144–45 144–45 PROPN crl-24514 309 28 , , PUNCT crl-24514 309 29 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103711 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103711 NOUN crl-24514 309 30 . . PUNCT crl-24514 310 1 http://acejmc.ku.edu/program/standards.shtml http://acejmc.ku.edu/program/standards.shtml NOUN crl-24514 310 2 https://doi.org/10.1080/10691310903584767 https://doi.org/10.1080/10691310903584767 VERB crl-24514 310 3 https://doi.org/10.1353/pla.2008.0000 https://doi.org/10.1353/pla.2008.0000 PROPN crl-24514 310 4 https://doi.org/10.1353/pla.2008.0000 https://doi.org/10.1353/pla.2008.0000 PROPN crl-24514 310 5 https://doi.org/10.11645/4.1.1256 https://doi.org/10.11645/4.1.1256 X crl-24514 311 1 https://doi.org/10.11645/6.2.1615 https://doi.org/10.11645/6.2.1615 X crl-24514 311 2 https://doi.org/10.11645/6.2.1615 https://doi.org/10.11645/6.2.1615 X crl-24514 312 1 https://doi.org/10.1353/pla.2014.0011 https://doi.org/10.1353/pla.2014.0011 ADV crl-24514 312 2 https://doi.org/10.1108/00907320610640752 https://doi.org/10.1108/00907320610640752 AUX crl-24514 312 3 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acalib.2007.03.005 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acalib.2007.03.005 X crl-24514 312 4 https://doi.org/10.1108/00907320410553696 https://doi.org/10.1108/00907320410553696 X crl-24514 312 5 http://www.ala.org/acrl/sites/ala.org.acrl/files/content/standards/il_journalism.pdf http://www.ala.org/acrl/sites/ala.org.acrl/files/content/standards/il_journalism.pdf NOUN crl-24514 312 6 http://www.ala.org/acrl/sites/ala.org.acrl/files/content/standards/il_journalism.pdf http://www.ala.org/acrl/sites/ala.org.acrl/files/content/standards/il_journalism.pdf NOUN crl-24514 312 7 https://doi.org/10.1080/17404622.2014.911335 https://doi.org/10.1080/17404622.2014.911335 PROPN crl-24514 312 8 https://doi.org/10.1080/17404622.2014.911335 https://doi.org/10.1080/17404622.2014.911335 PROPN crl-24514 313 1 https://doi.org/10.11645/8.2.1941 https://doi.org/10.11645/8.2.1941 PROPN crl-24514 313 2 https://doi.org/10.1108/00907321011090719 https://doi.org/10.1108/00907321011090719 PROPN crl-24514 313 3 https://doi.org/10.1108/00907321011090719 https://doi.org/10.1108/00907321011090719 SPACE crl-24514 313 4 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103711 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103711 NOUN crl-24514 313 5 news news NOUN crl-24514 313 6 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 313 7 841 841 NUM crl-24514 313 8 9 9 NUM crl-24514 313 9 . . NUM crl-24514 313 10 sarah sarah PROPN crl-24514 313 11 mcgrew mcgrew PROPN crl-24514 313 12 et et PROPN crl-24514 314 1 al al PROPN crl-24514 314 2 . . PROPN crl-24514 314 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 314 4 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 314 5 can can AUX crl-24514 314 6 students student NOUN crl-24514 314 7 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 314 8 online online ADJ crl-24514 314 9 sources source NOUN crl-24514 314 10 : : PUNCT crl-24514 314 11 learning learn VERB crl-24514 314 12 from from ADP crl-24514 314 13 assessments assessment NOUN crl-24514 314 14 of of ADP crl-24514 314 15 civic civic ADJ crl-24514 314 16 online online ADJ crl-24514 314 17 reasoning reasoning NOUN crl-24514 314 18 , , PUNCT crl-24514 314 19 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 314 20 theory theory NOUN crl-24514 314 21 & & CCONJ crl-24514 314 22 research research NOUN crl-24514 314 23 in in ADP crl-24514 314 24 social social ADJ crl-24514 314 25 education education NOUN crl-24514 314 26 46 46 NUM crl-24514 314 27 , , PUNCT crl-24514 314 28 no no INTJ crl-24514 314 29 . . NOUN crl-24514 314 30 2 2 NUM crl-24514 314 31 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 314 32 january january PROPN crl-24514 314 33 8 8 NUM crl-24514 314 34 , , PUNCT crl-24514 314 35 2018 2018 NUM crl-24514 314 36 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 314 37 165–93 165–93 NUM crl-24514 314 38 , , PUNCT crl-24514 314 39 https://doi.org/10.1080/0093 https://doi.org/10.1080/0093 X crl-24514 314 40 3104.2017.1416320 3104.2017.1416320 NUM crl-24514 314 41 . . PUNCT crl-24514 315 1 10 10 NUM crl-24514 315 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 316 1 acrl acrl ADJ crl-24514 316 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 316 3 standards standard NOUN crl-24514 316 4 to to ADP crl-24514 316 5 the the DET crl-24514 316 6 framework framework NOUN crl-24514 316 7 for for ADP crl-24514 316 8 information information NOUN crl-24514 316 9 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 316 10 for for ADP crl-24514 316 11 higher high ADJ crl-24514 316 12 education education NOUN crl-24514 316 13 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 316 14 amy amy PROPN crl-24514 316 15 r. r. PROPN crl-24514 316 16 hofer hofer PROPN crl-24514 316 17 , , PUNCT crl-24514 316 18 lori lori NOUN crl-24514 316 19 townsend townsend VERB crl-24514 316 20 , , PUNCT crl-24514 316 21 and and CCONJ crl-24514 316 22 korey korey NOUN crl-24514 316 23 brunetti brunetti PROPN crl-24514 316 24 , , PUNCT crl-24514 316 25 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 316 26 troublesome troublesome ADJ crl-24514 316 27 concepts concept NOUN crl-24514 316 28 and and CCONJ crl-24514 316 29 information information NOUN crl-24514 316 30 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 316 31 : : PUNCT crl-24514 316 32 investigating investigate VERB crl-24514 316 33 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 316 34 concepts concept NOUN crl-24514 316 35 for for ADP crl-24514 316 36 il il PROPN crl-24514 316 37 instruction instruction NOUN crl-24514 316 38 , , PUNCT crl-24514 316 39 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 316 40 portal portal ADJ crl-24514 316 41 : : PUNCT crl-24514 316 42 libraries library NOUN crl-24514 316 43 & & CCONJ crl-24514 316 44 the the DET crl-24514 316 45 academy academy NOUN crl-24514 316 46 12 12 NUM crl-24514 316 47 , , PUNCT crl-24514 316 48 no no NOUN crl-24514 316 49 . . NOUN crl-24514 316 50 4 4 NUM crl-24514 316 51 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 316 52 2012 2012 NUM crl-24514 316 53 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 316 54 398–99 398–99 NUM crl-24514 316 55 , , PUNCT crl-24514 316 56 https://doi.org/10.1353/pla.2012.0039 https://doi.org/10.1353/pla.2012.0039 NOUN crl-24514 316 57 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 316 58 lori lori NOUN crl-24514 316 59 townsend townsend VERB crl-24514 316 60 , , PUNCT crl-24514 316 61 korey korey NOUN crl-24514 316 62 brunetti brunetti PROPN crl-24514 316 63 , , PUNCT crl-24514 316 64 and and CCONJ crl-24514 316 65 amy amy PROPN crl-24514 316 66 r. r. PROPN crl-24514 316 67 hofer hofer PROPN crl-24514 316 68 , , PUNCT crl-24514 316 69 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 316 70 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 316 71 concepts concept NOUN crl-24514 316 72 and and CCONJ crl-24514 316 73 information information NOUN crl-24514 316 74 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 316 75 , , PUNCT crl-24514 316 76 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 316 77 portal portal ADJ crl-24514 316 78 : : PUNCT crl-24514 316 79 libraries library NOUN crl-24514 316 80 and and CCONJ crl-24514 316 81 the the DET crl-24514 316 82 academy academy NOUN crl-24514 316 83 11 11 NUM crl-24514 316 84 , , PUNCT crl-24514 316 85 no no NOUN crl-24514 316 86 . . NOUN crl-24514 316 87 3 3 NUM crl-24514 316 88 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 316 89 2011 2011 NUM crl-24514 316 90 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 316 91 17–19 17–19 NUM crl-24514 316 92 , , PUNCT crl-24514 316 93 https://doi.org/10.1353/pla.2011.0030 https://doi.org/10.1353/pla.2011.0030 NOUN crl-24514 316 94 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 316 95 lori lori PROPN crl-24514 316 96 townsend townsend VERB crl-24514 316 97 et et PROPN crl-24514 316 98 al al PROPN crl-24514 316 99 . . PROPN crl-24514 316 100 , , PUNCT crl-24514 316 101 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 316 102 identifying identify VERB crl-24514 316 103 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 316 104 concepts concept NOUN crl-24514 316 105 for for ADP crl-24514 316 106 information information NOUN crl-24514 316 107 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 316 108 : : PUNCT crl-24514 316 109 a a DET crl-24514 316 110 delphi delphi ADJ crl-24514 316 111 study study NOUN crl-24514 316 112 , , PUNCT crl-24514 316 113 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 316 114 communications communication NOUN crl-24514 316 115 in in ADP crl-24514 316 116 information information NOUN crl-24514 316 117 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 316 118 10 10 NUM crl-24514 316 119 , , PUNCT crl-24514 316 120 no no NOUN crl-24514 316 121 . . NOUN crl-24514 316 122 1 1 NUM crl-24514 316 123 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 316 124 2016 2016 NUM crl-24514 316 125 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 316 126 33–34 33–34 NUM crl-24514 316 127 , , PUNCT crl-24514 316 128 https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ej1103398.pdf https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ej1103398.pdf NOUN crl-24514 316 129 . . PUNCT crl-24514 317 1 11 11 NUM crl-24514 317 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 317 3 wynne wynne PROPN crl-24514 317 4 harlen harlen PROPN crl-24514 317 5 and and CCONJ crl-24514 317 6 mary mary PROPN crl-24514 317 7 james james PROPN crl-24514 317 8 , , PUNCT crl-24514 317 9 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 317 10 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 317 11 and and CCONJ crl-24514 317 12 learning learning NOUN crl-24514 317 13 : : PUNCT crl-24514 317 14 differences difference NOUN crl-24514 317 15 and and CCONJ crl-24514 317 16 relationships relationship NOUN crl-24514 317 17 between between ADP crl-24514 317 18 formative formative ADJ crl-24514 317 19 and and CCONJ crl-24514 317 20 summative summative ADJ crl-24514 317 21 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 317 22 , , PUNCT crl-24514 317 23 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 317 24 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 317 25 in in ADP crl-24514 317 26 education education NOUN crl-24514 317 27 4 4 NUM crl-24514 317 28 , , PUNCT crl-24514 317 29 no no NOUN crl-24514 317 30 . . NOUN crl-24514 317 31 3 3 NUM crl-24514 317 32 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 317 33 1997 1997 NUM crl-24514 317 34 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 317 35 365–79 365–79 PROPN crl-24514 317 36 , , PUNCT crl-24514 317 37 https://doi https://doi PROPN crl-24514 317 38 . . PUNCT crl-24514 318 1 org/10.1080/0969594970040304 org/10.1080/0969594970040304 PROPN crl-24514 318 2 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 318 3 mantz mantz ADJ crl-24514 318 4 yorke yorke NOUN crl-24514 318 5 , , PUNCT crl-24514 318 6 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 318 7 formative formative ADJ crl-24514 318 8 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 318 9 in in ADP crl-24514 318 10 higher high ADJ crl-24514 318 11 education education NOUN crl-24514 318 12 : : PUNCT crl-24514 318 13 moves move NOUN crl-24514 318 14 toward toward ADP crl-24514 318 15 theory theory NOUN crl-24514 318 16 and and CCONJ crl-24514 318 17 the the DET crl-24514 318 18 enhancement enhancement NOUN crl-24514 318 19 of of ADP crl-24514 318 20 pedagogic pedagogic ADJ crl-24514 318 21 practice practice NOUN crl-24514 318 22 , , PUNCT crl-24514 318 23 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 318 24 higher high ADJ crl-24514 318 25 education education NOUN crl-24514 318 26 45 45 NUM crl-24514 318 27 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 318 28 2003 2003 NUM crl-24514 318 29 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 318 30 477–501 477–501 NUM crl-24514 318 31 . . NUM crl-24514 319 1 12 12 NUM crl-24514 319 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 319 3 daniels daniel NOUN crl-24514 319 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 319 5 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 319 6 using use VERB crl-24514 319 7 a a DET crl-24514 319 8 targeted targeted ADJ crl-24514 319 9 rubric rubric NOUN crl-24514 319 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 319 11 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 319 12 34–38 34–38 NUM crl-24514 319 13 . . PROPN crl-24514 319 14 13 13 NUM crl-24514 319 15 . . PUNCT crl-24514 320 1 grant grant VERB crl-24514 320 2 wiggins wiggin NOUN crl-24514 320 3 and and CCONJ crl-24514 320 4 jay jay PROPN crl-24514 320 5 mctighe mctighe PROPN crl-24514 320 6 , , PUNCT crl-24514 320 7 understanding understanding NOUN crl-24514 320 8 by by ADP crl-24514 320 9 design design NOUN crl-24514 320 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 320 11 2nd 2nd NOUN crl-24514 320 12 ed ed PROPN crl-24514 320 13 . . PUNCT crl-24514 321 1 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 321 2 alexandria alexandria PROPN crl-24514 321 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 321 4 va va PROPN crl-24514 321 5 : : PUNCT crl-24514 321 6 association association NOUN crl-24514 321 7 for for ADP crl-24514 321 8 supervision supervision NOUN crl-24514 321 9 and and CCONJ crl-24514 321 10 curriculum curriculum NOUN crl-24514 321 11 development development NOUN crl-24514 321 12 , , PUNCT crl-24514 321 13 2005 2005 NUM crl-24514 321 14 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 321 15 , , PUNCT crl-24514 321 16 152–57 152–57 PROPN crl-24514 321 17 . . PUNCT crl-24514 322 1 14 14 NUM crl-24514 322 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 322 3 wiggins wiggin NOUN crl-24514 322 4 and and CCONJ crl-24514 322 5 mctighe mctighe NOUN crl-24514 322 6 , , PUNCT crl-24514 322 7 understanding understanding NOUN crl-24514 322 8 by by ADP crl-24514 322 9 design design NOUN crl-24514 322 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 322 11 183 183 NUM crl-24514 322 12 . . PROPN crl-24514 322 13 15 15 NUM crl-24514 322 14 . . PROPN crl-24514 322 15 alison alison PROPN crl-24514 322 16 j. j. PROPN crl-24514 322 17 head head PROPN crl-24514 322 18 and and CCONJ crl-24514 322 19 michael michael PROPN crl-24514 322 20 b. b. PROPN crl-24514 322 21 eisenberg eisenberg PROPN crl-24514 322 22 , , PUNCT crl-24514 322 23 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 322 24 lessons lesson NOUN crl-24514 322 25 learned learn VERB crl-24514 322 26 : : PUNCT crl-24514 322 27 how how SCONJ crl-24514 322 28 college college NOUN crl-24514 322 29 students student NOUN crl-24514 322 30 seek seek VERB crl-24514 322 31 information information NOUN crl-24514 322 32 in in ADP crl-24514 322 33 the the DET crl-24514 322 34 digital digital ADJ crl-24514 322 35 age age NOUN crl-24514 322 36 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 322 37 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 322 38 project project NOUN crl-24514 322 39 information information NOUN crl-24514 322 40 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 322 41 progress progress NOUN crl-24514 322 42 report report NOUN crl-24514 322 43 , , PUNCT crl-24514 322 44 university university NOUN crl-24514 322 45 of of ADP crl-24514 322 46 washington washington PROPN crl-24514 322 47 information information NOUN crl-24514 322 48 school school PROPN crl-24514 322 49 , , PUNCT crl-24514 322 50 december december PROPN crl-24514 322 51 1 1 NUM crl-24514 322 52 , , PUNCT crl-24514 322 53 2009 2009 NUM crl-24514 322 54 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 322 55 32–35 32–35 NUM crl-24514 322 56 , , PUNCT crl-24514 322 57 http://www.projectinfolit.org/uploads/2/7/5/4/27541717/pil_fall2009_finalv_yr1_12_2009v2 http://www.projectinfolit.org/uploads/2/7/5/4/27541717/pil_fall2009_finalv_yr1_12_2009v2 X crl-24514 322 58 . . PUNCT crl-24514 323 1 pdf pdf NOUN crl-24514 323 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 324 1 16 16 X crl-24514 324 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 325 1 lea lea PROPN crl-24514 325 2 currie currie PROPN crl-24514 325 3 et et PROPN crl-24514 326 1 al al PROPN crl-24514 326 2 . . PROPN crl-24514 326 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 326 4 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 326 5 undergraduate undergraduate ADJ crl-24514 326 6 search search NOUN crl-24514 326 7 strategies strategy NOUN crl-24514 326 8 and and CCONJ crl-24514 326 9 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 326 10 criteria criterion NOUN crl-24514 326 11 , , PUNCT crl-24514 326 12 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 326 13 new new ADJ crl-24514 326 14 library library NOUN crl-24514 326 15 world world NOUN crl-24514 326 16 111 111 NUM crl-24514 326 17 , , PUNCT crl-24514 326 18 no no NOUN crl-24514 326 19 . . NOUN crl-24514 326 20 3/4 3/4 NUM crl-24514 326 21 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 326 22 2010 2010 NUM crl-24514 326 23 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 326 24 113–24 113–24 PROPN crl-24514 326 25 , , PUNCT crl-24514 326 26 https://doi.org/10.1108/03074801011027628 https://doi.org/10.1108/03074801011027628 X crl-24514 326 27 . . PUNCT crl-24514 327 1 17 17 NUM crl-24514 327 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 328 1 angell angell NOUN crl-24514 328 2 and and CCONJ crl-24514 328 3 tewell tewell PROPN crl-24514 328 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 328 5 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 328 6 teaching teaching NOUN crl-24514 328 7 and and CCONJ crl-24514 328 8 un un NOUN crl-24514 328 9 - - PUNCT crl-24514 328 10 teaching teach VERB crl-24514 328 11 source source NOUN crl-24514 328 12 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 328 13 , , PUNCT crl-24514 328 14 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 328 15 95–121 95–121 PROPN crl-24514 328 16 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 328 17 alison alison PROPN crl-24514 328 18 j. j. PROPN crl-24514 328 19 head head PROPN crl-24514 328 20 and and CCONJ crl-24514 328 21 michael michael PROPN crl-24514 328 22 b. b. PROPN crl-24514 328 23 eisenberg eisenberg PROPN crl-24514 328 24 , , PUNCT crl-24514 328 25 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 328 26 truth truth NOUN crl-24514 328 27 be be AUX crl-24514 328 28 told tell VERB crl-24514 328 29 : : PUNCT crl-24514 328 30 how how SCONJ crl-24514 328 31 college college NOUN crl-24514 328 32 students student NOUN crl-24514 328 33 evaluate evaluate VERB crl-24514 328 34 and and CCONJ crl-24514 328 35 use use VERB crl-24514 328 36 information information NOUN crl-24514 328 37 in in ADP crl-24514 328 38 the the DET crl-24514 328 39 digital digital ADJ crl-24514 328 40 age age NOUN crl-24514 328 41 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 328 42 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 328 43 project project NOUN crl-24514 328 44 information information NOUN crl-24514 328 45 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 328 46 progress progress NOUN crl-24514 328 47 report report NOUN crl-24514 328 48 , , PUNCT crl-24514 328 49 university university NOUN crl-24514 328 50 of of ADP crl-24514 328 51 washington washington PROPN crl-24514 328 52 information information NOUN crl-24514 328 53 school school PROPN crl-24514 328 54 , , PUNCT crl-24514 328 55 november november PROPN crl-24514 328 56 1 1 NUM crl-24514 328 57 , , PUNCT crl-24514 328 58 2010 2010 NUM crl-24514 328 59 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 328 60 , , PUNCT crl-24514 328 61 http:// http:// NOUN crl-24514 328 62 www.projectinfolit.org/uploads/2/7/5/4/27541717/pil_fall2010_survey_fullreport1.pdf www.projectinfolit.org/uploads/2/7/5/4/27541717/pil_fall2010_survey_fullreport1.pdf NOUN crl-24514 328 63 . . PUNCT crl-24514 329 1 18 18 NUM crl-24514 329 2 . . X crl-24514 329 3 sam sam PROPN crl-24514 329 4 wineburg wineburg PROPN crl-24514 329 5 et et PROPN crl-24514 330 1 al al PROPN crl-24514 330 2 . . PROPN crl-24514 330 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 330 4 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 330 5 evaluating evaluate VERB crl-24514 330 6 information information NOUN crl-24514 330 7 : : PUNCT crl-24514 330 8 the the DET crl-24514 330 9 cornerstone cornerstone NOUN crl-24514 330 10 of of ADP crl-24514 330 11 civic civic ADJ crl-24514 330 12 online online ADJ crl-24514 330 13 reasoning reasoning NOUN crl-24514 330 14 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 330 15 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 330 16 stanford stanford VERB crl-24514 330 17 history history NOUN crl-24514 330 18 education education NOUN crl-24514 330 19 group group NOUN crl-24514 330 20 , , PUNCT crl-24514 330 21 graduate graduate NOUN crl-24514 330 22 school school NOUN crl-24514 330 23 of of ADP crl-24514 330 24 education education NOUN crl-24514 330 25 open open ADJ crl-24514 330 26 archive archive NOUN crl-24514 330 27 , , PUNCT crl-24514 330 28 november november PROPN crl-24514 330 29 22 22 NUM crl-24514 330 30 , , PUNCT crl-24514 330 31 2016 2016 NUM crl-24514 330 32 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 330 33 , , PUNCT crl-24514 330 34 http://purl.stanford http://purl.stanford PROPN crl-24514 330 35 . . PUNCT crl-24514 331 1 edu edu PROPN crl-24514 331 2 / / SYM crl-24514 331 3 fv751yt5934 fv751yt5934 X crl-24514 331 4 . . NUM crl-24514 331 5 19 19 NUM crl-24514 331 6 . . PROPN crl-24514 331 7 arthur arthur PROPN crl-24514 331 8 taylor taylor PROPN crl-24514 331 9 and and CCONJ crl-24514 331 10 heather heather PROPN crl-24514 331 11 a. a. NOUN crl-24514 331 12 dalal dalal PROPN crl-24514 331 13 , , PUNCT crl-24514 331 14 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 331 15 information information NOUN crl-24514 331 16 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 331 17 standards standard NOUN crl-24514 331 18 and and CCONJ crl-24514 331 19 the the DET crl-24514 331 20 world world NOUN crl-24514 331 21 wide wide ADJ crl-24514 331 22 web web NOUN crl-24514 331 23 : : PUNCT crl-24514 331 24 results result NOUN crl-24514 331 25 from from ADP crl-24514 331 26 a a DET crl-24514 331 27 student student NOUN crl-24514 331 28 survey survey NOUN crl-24514 331 29 on on ADP crl-24514 331 30 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 331 31 of of ADP crl-24514 331 32 internet internet NOUN crl-24514 331 33 information information NOUN crl-24514 331 34 sources source NOUN crl-24514 331 35 , , PUNCT crl-24514 331 36 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 331 37 information information NOUN crl-24514 331 38 research research NOUN crl-24514 331 39 19 19 NUM crl-24514 331 40 , , PUNCT crl-24514 331 41 no no NOUN crl-24514 331 42 . . NOUN crl-24514 331 43 4 4 NUM crl-24514 331 44 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 331 45 2014 2014 NUM crl-24514 331 46 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 331 47 . . PUNCT crl-24514 332 1 20 20 NUM crl-24514 332 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 333 1 angell angell NOUN crl-24514 333 2 and and CCONJ crl-24514 333 3 tewell tewell NOUN crl-24514 333 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 333 5 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 333 6 teaching teaching NOUN crl-24514 333 7 and and CCONJ crl-24514 333 8 un un NOUN crl-24514 333 9 - - PUNCT crl-24514 333 10 teaching teach VERB crl-24514 333 11 source source NOUN crl-24514 333 12 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 333 13 , , PUNCT crl-24514 333 14 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 333 15 104–07 104–07 NUM crl-24514 333 16 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 333 17 head head NOUN crl-24514 333 18 and and CCONJ crl-24514 333 19 eisenberg eisenberg PROPN crl-24514 333 20 , , PUNCT crl-24514 333 21 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 333 22 truth truth NOUN crl-24514 333 23 be be AUX crl-24514 333 24 told tell VERB crl-24514 333 25 , , PUNCT crl-24514 333 26 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 333 27 10 10 NUM crl-24514 333 28 . . NUM crl-24514 333 29 21 21 NUM crl-24514 333 30 . . PUNCT crl-24514 334 1 alison alison PROPN crl-24514 334 2 j. j. PROPN crl-24514 334 3 head head PROPN crl-24514 334 4 et et PROPN crl-24514 334 5 al al PROPN crl-24514 334 6 . . PROPN crl-24514 334 7 , , PUNCT crl-24514 334 8 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 334 9 how how SCONJ crl-24514 334 10 students student NOUN crl-24514 334 11 engage engage VERB crl-24514 334 12 with with ADP crl-24514 334 13 news news NOUN crl-24514 334 14 : : PUNCT crl-24514 334 15 five five NUM crl-24514 334 16 takeaways takeaway NOUN crl-24514 334 17 for for ADP crl-24514 334 18 educators educator NOUN crl-24514 334 19 , , PUNCT crl-24514 334 20 journalists journalist NOUN crl-24514 334 21 , , PUNCT crl-24514 334 22 and and CCONJ crl-24514 334 23 librarians librarian NOUN crl-24514 334 24 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 334 25 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 334 26 project project NOUN crl-24514 334 27 information information NOUN crl-24514 334 28 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 334 29 research research PROPN crl-24514 334 30 institute institute PROPN crl-24514 334 31 , , PUNCT crl-24514 334 32 october october PROPN crl-24514 334 33 16 16 NUM crl-24514 334 34 , , PUNCT crl-24514 334 35 2018 2018 NUM crl-24514 334 36 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 334 37 13–16 13–16 NUM crl-24514 334 38 , , PUNCT crl-24514 334 39 http://www.projectinfolit http://www.projectinfolit PROPN crl-24514 334 40 . . PUNCT crl-24514 335 1 org org PROPN crl-24514 335 2 / / SYM crl-24514 335 3 uploads/2/7/5/4/27541717 uploads/2/7/5/4/27541717 PROPN crl-24514 335 4 / / SYM crl-24514 335 5 newsreport.pdf newsreport.pdf NOUN crl-24514 335 6 . . PUNCT crl-24514 336 1 22 22 NUM crl-24514 336 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 337 1 j. j. PROPN crl-24514 337 2 patrick patrick PROPN crl-24514 337 3 biddix biddix PROPN crl-24514 337 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 337 5 chung chung PROPN crl-24514 337 6 joo joo PROPN crl-24514 337 7 chung chung PROPN crl-24514 337 8 , , PUNCT crl-24514 337 9 and and CCONJ crl-24514 337 10 han han PROPN crl-24514 337 11 woo woo PROPN crl-24514 337 12 park park PROPN crl-24514 337 13 , , PUNCT crl-24514 337 14 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 337 15 convenience convenience NOUN crl-24514 337 16 or or CCONJ crl-24514 337 17 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 337 18 ? ? PUNCT crl-24514 338 1 a a DET crl-24514 338 2 study study NOUN crl-24514 338 3 of of ADP crl-24514 338 4 college college NOUN crl-24514 338 5 student student NOUN crl-24514 338 6 online online NOUN crl-24514 338 7 research research NOUN crl-24514 338 8 behaviors behavior NOUN crl-24514 338 9 , , PUNCT crl-24514 338 10 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 338 11 the the DET crl-24514 338 12 internet internet NOUN crl-24514 338 13 and and CCONJ crl-24514 338 14 higher high ADJ crl-24514 338 15 education education NOUN crl-24514 338 16 14 14 NUM crl-24514 338 17 , , PUNCT crl-24514 338 18 no no NOUN crl-24514 338 19 . . NOUN crl-24514 338 20 3 3 NUM crl-24514 338 21 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 338 22 july july PROPN crl-24514 338 23 2011 2011 NUM crl-24514 338 24 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 338 25 175–82 175–82 NUM crl-24514 338 26 , , PUNCT crl-24514 338 27 https://doi https://doi PROPN crl-24514 338 28 . . 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X crl-24514 341 3 head head PROPN crl-24514 341 4 and and CCONJ crl-24514 341 5 eisenberg eisenberg PROPN crl-24514 341 6 , , PUNCT crl-24514 341 7 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 341 8 truth truth NOUN crl-24514 341 9 be be AUX crl-24514 341 10 told tell VERB crl-24514 341 11 , , PUNCT crl-24514 341 12 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 341 13 10–12 10–12 NUM crl-24514 341 14 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 341 15 currie currie PROPN crl-24514 341 16 et et PROPN crl-24514 342 1 al al PROPN crl-24514 342 2 . . PROPN crl-24514 342 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 342 4 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 342 5 undergraduate undergraduate ADJ crl-24514 342 6 search search NOUN crl-24514 342 7 strategies strategy NOUN crl-24514 342 8 and and CCONJ crl-24514 342 9 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 342 10 criteria criterion NOUN crl-24514 342 11 , , PUNCT crl-24514 342 12 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 342 13 122–23 122–23 PROPN crl-24514 342 14 . . PUNCT crl-24514 343 1 25 25 NUM crl-24514 343 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 344 1 currie currie PROPN crl-24514 344 2 et et PROPN crl-24514 345 1 al al PROPN crl-24514 345 2 . . PROPN crl-24514 345 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 345 4 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 345 5 undergraduate undergraduate ADJ crl-24514 345 6 search search NOUN crl-24514 345 7 strategies strategy NOUN crl-24514 345 8 and and CCONJ crl-24514 345 9 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 345 10 criteria criterion NOUN crl-24514 345 11 , , PUNCT crl-24514 345 12 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 345 13 122–23 122–23 PROPN crl-24514 345 14 . . PUNCT crl-24514 346 1 26 26 NUM crl-24514 346 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 347 1 david david PROPN crl-24514 347 2 perkins perkin VERB crl-24514 347 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 347 4 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 347 5 the the DET crl-24514 347 6 many many ADJ crl-24514 347 7 faces face NOUN crl-24514 347 8 of of ADP crl-24514 347 9 constructivism constructivism NOUN crl-24514 347 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 347 11 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 347 12 educational educational ADJ crl-24514 347 13 leadership leadership NOUN crl-24514 347 14 57 57 NUM crl-24514 347 15 , , PUNCT crl-24514 347 16 no no NOUN crl-24514 347 17 . . NOUN crl-24514 347 18 3 3 NUM crl-24514 347 19 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 347 20 1999 1999 NUM crl-24514 347 21 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 347 22 6 6 NUM crl-24514 347 23 . . NUM crl-24514 347 24 27 27 NUM crl-24514 347 25 . . PUNCT crl-24514 348 1 perkins perkin NOUN crl-24514 348 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 348 3 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 348 4 the the DET crl-24514 348 5 many many ADJ crl-24514 348 6 faces face NOUN crl-24514 348 7 of of ADP crl-24514 348 8 constructivism constructivism NOUN crl-24514 348 9 , , PUNCT crl-24514 348 10 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 348 11 8–10 8–10 NUM crl-24514 348 12 . . PUNCT crl-24514 349 1 28 28 X crl-24514 349 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 350 1 jan jan PROPN crl-24514 350 2 h.f h.f PROPN crl-24514 350 3 . . PROPN crl-24514 350 4 meyer meyer PROPN crl-24514 350 5 and and CCONJ crl-24514 350 6 ray ray NOUN crl-24514 350 7 land land NOUN crl-24514 350 8 , , PUNCT crl-24514 350 9 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 350 10 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 350 11 concepts concept NOUN crl-24514 350 12 and and CCONJ crl-24514 350 13 troublesome troublesome ADJ crl-24514 350 14 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-24514 350 15 1 1 NUM crl-24514 350 16 : : PUNCT crl-24514 350 17 linkages linkage NOUN crl-24514 350 18 to to ADP crl-24514 350 19 ways way NOUN crl-24514 350 20 of of ADP crl-24514 350 21 thinking thinking NOUN crl-24514 350 22 and and CCONJ crl-24514 350 23 practising practise VERB crl-24514 350 24 within within ADP crl-24514 350 25 the the DET crl-24514 350 26 disciplines discipline NOUN crl-24514 350 27 , , PUNCT crl-24514 350 28 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 350 29 in in ADP crl-24514 350 30 improving improve VERB crl-24514 350 31 student student NOUN crl-24514 350 32 learning learning NOUN crl-24514 350 33 : : PUNCT crl-24514 350 34 ten ten NUM crl-24514 350 35 years year NOUN crl-24514 350 36 on on ADP crl-24514 350 37 , , PUNCT crl-24514 350 38 ed ed NOUN crl-24514 350 39 . . PROPN crl-24514 351 1 chris chris PROPN crl-24514 351 2 rust rust PROPN crl-24514 351 3 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 351 4 oxford oxford PROPN crl-24514 351 5 , , PUNCT crl-24514 351 6 england england PROPN crl-24514 351 7 : : PUNCT crl-24514 351 8 centre centre NOUN crl-24514 351 9 for for ADP crl-24514 351 10 staff staff NOUN crl-24514 351 11 & & CCONJ crl-24514 351 12 learning learning PROPN crl-24514 351 13 development development NOUN crl-24514 351 14 , , PUNCT crl-24514 351 15 2003 2003 NUM crl-24514 351 16 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 351 17 1–16 1–16 PROPN crl-24514 351 18 , , PUNCT crl-24514 351 19 https://www.dkit.ie/system/files/ https://www.dkit.ie/system/files/ NOUN crl-24514 351 20 threshold_concepts__and_troublesome_knowledge_by_professor_ray_land_0.pdf threshold_concepts__and_troublesome_knowledge_by_professor_ray_land_0.pdf NOUN crl-24514 351 21 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 351 22 jan jan PROPN crl-24514 351 23 h.f h.f PROPN crl-24514 351 24 . . PROPN crl-24514 351 25 meyer meyer PROPN crl-24514 351 26 and and CCONJ crl-24514 351 27 ray ray NOUN crl-24514 351 28 land land NOUN crl-24514 351 29 , , PUNCT crl-24514 351 30 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 351 31 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 351 32 concepts concept NOUN crl-24514 351 33 and and CCONJ crl-24514 351 34 troublesome troublesome ADJ crl-24514 351 35 knowledge knowledge NOUN crl-24514 351 36 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 351 37 2 2 NUM crl-24514 351 38 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 351 39 epistemological epistemological ADJ crl-24514 351 40 considerations consideration NOUN crl-24514 351 41 and and CCONJ crl-24514 351 42 a a DET crl-24514 351 43 conceptual conceptual ADJ crl-24514 351 44 framework framework NOUN crl-24514 351 45 for for ADP crl-24514 351 46 teaching teaching NOUN crl-24514 351 47 and and CCONJ crl-24514 351 48 learning learning NOUN crl-24514 351 49 , , PUNCT crl-24514 351 50 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 351 51 higher high ADJ crl-24514 351 52 education education NOUN crl-24514 351 53 49 49 NUM crl-24514 351 54 , , PUNCT crl-24514 351 55 no no NOUN crl-24514 351 56 . . NOUN crl-24514 351 57 3 3 NUM crl-24514 351 58 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 351 59 2005 2005 NUM crl-24514 351 60 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 351 61 373–88 373–88 PROPN crl-24514 351 62 , , PUNCT crl-24514 351 63 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734004-6779-5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734004-6779-5 NOUN crl-24514 351 64 . . PUNCT crl-24514 352 1 https://doi.org/10.1080/00933104.2017.1416320 https://doi.org/10.1080/00933104.2017.1416320 X crl-24514 352 2 https://doi.org/10.1080/00933104.2017.1416320 https://doi.org/10.1080/00933104.2017.1416320 PRON crl-24514 353 1 https://doi.org/10.1353/pla.2012.0039 https://doi.org/10.1353/pla.2012.0039 NOUN crl-24514 353 2 https://doi.org/10.1353/pla.2011.0030 https://doi.org/10.1353/pla.2011.0030 NOUN crl-24514 353 3 https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ej1103398.pdf https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ej1103398.pdf PROPN crl-24514 354 1 https://doi.org/10.1080/0969594970040304 https://doi.org/10.1080/0969594970040304 X crl-24514 354 2 https://doi.org/10.1080/0969594970040304 https://doi.org/10.1080/0969594970040304 PROPN crl-24514 355 1 http://www.projectinfolit.org/uploads/2/7/5/4/27541717/pil_fall2009_finalv_yr1_12_2009v2.pdf http://www.projectinfolit.org/uploads/2/7/5/4/27541717/pil_fall2009_finalv_yr1_12_2009v2.pdf NOUN crl-24514 355 2 http://www.projectinfolit.org/uploads/2/7/5/4/27541717/pil_fall2009_finalv_yr1_12_2009v2.pdf http://www.projectinfolit.org/uploads/2/7/5/4/27541717/pil_fall2009_finalv_yr1_12_2009v2.pdf NOUN crl-24514 355 3 https://doi.org/10.1108/03074801011027628 https://doi.org/10.1108/03074801011027628 NOUN crl-24514 355 4 http://www.projectinfolit.org/uploads/2/7/5/4/27541717/pil_fall2010_survey_fullreport1.pdf http://www.projectinfolit.org/uploads/2/7/5/4/27541717/pil_fall2010_survey_fullreport1.pdf PROPN crl-24514 355 5 http://purl.stanford.edu/fv751yt5934 http://purl.stanford.edu/fv751yt5934 NOUN crl-24514 355 6 http://purl.stanford.edu/fv751yt5934 http://purl.stanford.edu/fv751yt5934 NOUN crl-24514 355 7 http://www.projectinfolit.org/uploads/2/7/5/4/27541717/newsreport.pdf http://www.projectinfolit.org/uploads/2/7/5/4/27541717/newsreport.pdf NOUN crl-24514 355 8 http://www.projectinfolit.org/uploads/2/7/5/4/27541717/newsreport.pdf http://www.projectinfolit.org/uploads/2/7/5/4/27541717/newsreport.pdf NOUN crl-24514 355 9 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2011.01.003 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2011.01.003 NUM crl-24514 355 10 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2011.01.003 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iheduc.2011.01.003 NUM crl-24514 355 11 https://journals.library.ualberta.ca/eblip/index.php/eblip/article/view/1838/3696 https://journals.library.ualberta.ca/eblip/index.php/eblip/article/view/1838/3696 NOUN crl-24514 355 12 https://journals.library.ualberta.ca/eblip/index.php/eblip/article/view/1838/3696 https://journals.library.ualberta.ca/eblip/index.php/eblip/article/view/1838/3696 X crl-24514 355 13 https://www.dkit.ie/system/files/threshold_concepts__and_troublesome_knowledge_by_professor_ray_land_0.pdf https://www.dkit.ie/system/files/threshold_concepts__and_troublesome_knowledge_by_professor_ray_land_0.pdf NOUN crl-24514 355 14 https://www.dkit.ie/system/files/threshold_concepts__and_troublesome_knowledge_by_professor_ray_land_0.pdf https://www.dkit.ie/system/files/threshold_concepts__and_troublesome_knowledge_by_professor_ray_land_0.pdf PROPN crl-24514 355 15 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-004-6779-5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-004-6779-5 NUM crl-24514 355 16 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-004-6779-5 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10734-004-6779-5 NUM crl-24514 355 17 842 842 NUM crl-24514 355 18 college college PROPN crl-24514 355 19 & & CCONJ crl-24514 355 20 research research PROPN crl-24514 355 21 libraries library NOUN crl-24514 355 22 july july PROPN crl-24514 355 23 2020 2020 NUM crl-24514 355 24 29 29 NUM crl-24514 355 25 . . PUNCT crl-24514 355 26 meyer meyer NOUN crl-24514 355 27 and and CCONJ crl-24514 355 28 land land NOUN crl-24514 355 29 , , PUNCT crl-24514 355 30 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 355 31 linkages linkage NOUN crl-24514 355 32 to to ADP crl-24514 355 33 ways way NOUN crl-24514 355 34 of of ADP crl-24514 355 35 thinking thinking NOUN crl-24514 355 36 and and CCONJ crl-24514 355 37 practising practise VERB crl-24514 355 38 within within ADP crl-24514 355 39 the the DET crl-24514 355 40 disciplines discipline NOUN crl-24514 355 41 , , PUNCT crl-24514 355 42 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 355 43 1–5 1–5 NUM crl-24514 355 44 . . NUM crl-24514 356 1 30 30 NUM crl-24514 356 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 356 3 meyer meyer NOUN crl-24514 356 4 and and CCONJ crl-24514 356 5 land land NOUN crl-24514 356 6 , , PUNCT crl-24514 356 7 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 356 8 linkages linkage NOUN crl-24514 356 9 to to ADP crl-24514 356 10 ways way NOUN crl-24514 356 11 of of ADP crl-24514 356 12 thinking thinking NOUN crl-24514 356 13 and and CCONJ crl-24514 356 14 practising practise VERB crl-24514 356 15 within within ADP crl-24514 356 16 the the DET crl-24514 356 17 disciplines discipline NOUN crl-24514 356 18 , , PUNCT crl-24514 356 19 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 356 20 1–5 1–5 NUM crl-24514 356 21 . . PUNCT crl-24514 357 1 31 31 NUM crl-24514 357 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 358 1 meyer meyer NOUN crl-24514 358 2 and and CCONJ crl-24514 358 3 land land NOUN crl-24514 358 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 358 5 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 358 6 linkages linkage NOUN crl-24514 358 7 to to ADP crl-24514 358 8 ways way NOUN crl-24514 358 9 of of ADP crl-24514 358 10 thinking thinking NOUN crl-24514 358 11 and and CCONJ crl-24514 358 12 practising practise VERB crl-24514 358 13 within within ADP crl-24514 358 14 the the DET crl-24514 358 15 disciplines discipline NOUN crl-24514 358 16 , , PUNCT crl-24514 358 17 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 358 18 6 6 NUM crl-24514 358 19 . . NUM crl-24514 358 20 32 32 NUM crl-24514 358 21 . . PUNCT crl-24514 359 1 glynis glynis NOUN crl-24514 359 2 cousins cousin NOUN crl-24514 359 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 359 4 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 359 5 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 359 6 concepts concept NOUN crl-24514 359 7 : : PUNCT crl-24514 359 8 old old ADJ crl-24514 359 9 wine wine NOUN crl-24514 359 10 in in ADP crl-24514 359 11 new new ADJ crl-24514 359 12 bottles bottle NOUN crl-24514 359 13 or or CCONJ crl-24514 359 14 a a DET crl-24514 359 15 new new ADJ crl-24514 359 16 form form NOUN crl-24514 359 17 of of ADP crl-24514 359 18 transactional transactional ADJ crl-24514 359 19 curriculum curriculum NOUN crl-24514 359 20 inquiry inquiry NOUN crl-24514 359 21 ? ? PUNCT crl-24514 359 22 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 360 1 in in ADP crl-24514 360 2 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 360 3 concepts concept NOUN crl-24514 360 4 within within ADP crl-24514 360 5 the the DET crl-24514 360 6 disciplines discipline NOUN crl-24514 360 7 , , PUNCT crl-24514 360 8 eds ed NOUN crl-24514 360 9 . . PUNCT crl-24514 361 1 ray ray PROPN crl-24514 361 2 land land PROPN crl-24514 361 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 361 4 jan jan PROPN crl-24514 361 5 h.f h.f PROPN crl-24514 361 6 . . PROPN crl-24514 361 7 meyer meyer PROPN crl-24514 361 8 , , PUNCT crl-24514 361 9 and and CCONJ crl-24514 361 10 jan jan PROPN crl-24514 361 11 smith smith PROPN crl-24514 361 12 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 361 13 rotterdam rotterdam PROPN crl-24514 361 14 , , PUNCT crl-24514 361 15 the the DET crl-24514 361 16 netherlands netherlands PROPN crl-24514 361 17 : : PUNCT crl-24514 361 18 sense sense NOUN crl-24514 361 19 publishers publisher NOUN crl-24514 361 20 , , PUNCT crl-24514 361 21 2008 2008 NUM crl-24514 361 22 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 361 23 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 361 24 mick mick PROPN crl-24514 361 25 flanagan flanagan PROPN crl-24514 361 26 , , PUNCT crl-24514 361 27 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 361 28 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 361 29 concepts concept NOUN crl-24514 361 30 : : PUNCT crl-24514 361 31 undergraduate undergraduate ADJ crl-24514 361 32 teaching teaching NOUN crl-24514 361 33 , , PUNCT crl-24514 361 34 postgraduate postgraduate NOUN crl-24514 361 35 training training NOUN crl-24514 361 36 , , PUNCT crl-24514 361 37 professional professional ADJ crl-24514 361 38 development development NOUN crl-24514 361 39 and and CCONJ crl-24514 361 40 school school NOUN crl-24514 361 41 education education NOUN crl-24514 361 42 : : PUNCT crl-24514 361 43 a a DET crl-24514 361 44 short short ADJ crl-24514 361 45 introduction introduction NOUN crl-24514 361 46 and and CCONJ crl-24514 361 47 a a DET crl-24514 361 48 bibliography bibliography NOUN crl-24514 361 49 , , PUNCT crl-24514 361 50 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 361 51 last last ADJ crl-24514 361 52 modified modify VERB crl-24514 361 53 october october PROPN crl-24514 361 54 10 10 NUM crl-24514 361 55 , , PUNCT crl-24514 361 56 2018 2018 NUM crl-24514 361 57 , , PUNCT crl-24514 361 58 https://www.ee.ucl.ac.uk/~mflanaga/thresholds.html https://www.ee.ucl.ac.uk/~mflanaga/thresholds.html PROPN crl-24514 361 59 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 361 60 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 361 61 concepts concept NOUN crl-24514 361 62 and and CCONJ crl-24514 361 63 transformational transformational ADJ crl-24514 361 64 learning learning NOUN crl-24514 361 65 , , PUNCT crl-24514 361 66 eds ed NOUN crl-24514 361 67 . . 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PROPN crl-24514 362 4 meyer meyer PROPN crl-24514 362 5 , , PUNCT crl-24514 362 6 ray ray NOUN crl-24514 362 7 land land NOUN crl-24514 362 8 , , PUNCT crl-24514 362 9 and and CCONJ crl-24514 362 10 caroline caroline NOUN crl-24514 362 11 baillie baillie NOUN crl-24514 362 12 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 362 13 rotterdam rotterdam PROPN crl-24514 362 14 , , PUNCT crl-24514 362 15 the the DET crl-24514 362 16 netherlands netherlands PROPN crl-24514 362 17 : : PUNCT crl-24514 362 18 sense sense NOUN crl-24514 362 19 publishers publisher NOUN crl-24514 362 20 , , PUNCT crl-24514 362 21 2010 2010 NUM crl-24514 362 22 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 362 23 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 362 24 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 362 25 concepts concept NOUN crl-24514 362 26 within within ADP crl-24514 362 27 the the DET crl-24514 362 28 disciplines discipline NOUN crl-24514 362 29 , , PUNCT crl-24514 362 30 eds ed NOUN crl-24514 362 31 . . PUNCT crl-24514 363 1 ray ray PROPN crl-24514 363 2 land land PROPN crl-24514 363 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 363 4 jan jan PROPN crl-24514 363 5 meyer meyer PROPN crl-24514 363 6 , , PUNCT crl-24514 363 7 and and CCONJ crl-24514 363 8 jan jan PROPN crl-24514 363 9 smith smith PROPN crl-24514 363 10 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 363 11 rotterdam rotterdam PROPN crl-24514 363 12 , , PUNCT crl-24514 363 13 the the DET crl-24514 363 14 netherlands netherlands PROPN crl-24514 363 15 : : PUNCT crl-24514 363 16 sense sense NOUN crl-24514 363 17 publishers publisher NOUN crl-24514 363 18 , , PUNCT crl-24514 363 19 2008 2008 NUM crl-24514 363 20 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 363 21 . . PUNCT crl-24514 364 1 33 33 NUM crl-24514 364 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 365 1 ann ann PROPN crl-24514 365 2 harlow harlow PROPN crl-24514 365 3 et et PROPN crl-24514 366 1 al al PROPN crl-24514 366 2 . . PROPN crl-24514 366 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 366 4 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 366 5 ‘ ' PUNCT crl-24514 366 6 getting get VERB crl-24514 366 7 stuck stick VERB crl-24514 366 8 ’ ' PUNCT crl-24514 366 9 in in ADP crl-24514 366 10 analogue analogue NOUN crl-24514 366 11 electronics electronic NOUN crl-24514 366 12 : : PUNCT crl-24514 366 13 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 366 14 concepts concept NOUN crl-24514 366 15 as as ADP crl-24514 366 16 an an DET crl-24514 366 17 explanatory explanatory ADJ crl-24514 366 18 model model NOUN crl-24514 366 19 , , PUNCT crl-24514 366 20 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 366 21 european european PROPN crl-24514 366 22 journal journal PROPN crl-24514 366 23 of of ADP crl-24514 366 24 engineering engineering NOUN crl-24514 366 25 education education NOUN crl-24514 366 26 36 36 NUM crl-24514 366 27 , , PUNCT crl-24514 366 28 no no NOUN crl-24514 366 29 . . NOUN crl-24514 366 30 5 5 NUM crl-24514 366 31 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 366 32 2011 2011 NUM crl-24514 366 33 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 366 34 435–47 435–47 NUM crl-24514 366 35 , , PUNCT crl-24514 366 36 https://doi.org/10.1080/03043797.2011.60 https://doi.org/10.1080/03043797.2011.60 PROPN crl-24514 366 37 6500 6500 NUM crl-24514 366 38 . . PUNCT crl-24514 367 1 34 34 NUM crl-24514 367 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 368 1 paul paul PROPN crl-24514 368 2 d. d. PROPN crl-24514 368 3 williams williams PROPN crl-24514 368 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 368 5 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 368 6 what what PRON crl-24514 368 7 ’s ’ VERB crl-24514 368 8 politics politic NOUN crl-24514 368 9 got get VERB crl-24514 368 10 to to PART crl-24514 368 11 do do VERB crl-24514 368 12 with with ADP crl-24514 368 13 it it PRON crl-24514 368 14 ? ? PUNCT crl-24514 369 1 ‘ ' PUNCT crl-24514 369 2 power power NOUN crl-24514 369 3 ’ ' PUNCT crl-24514 369 4 as as ADP crl-24514 369 5 a a DET crl-24514 369 6 ‘ ' PUNCT crl-24514 369 7 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 369 8 ’ ' PUNCT crl-24514 369 9 concept concept NOUN crl-24514 369 10 for for ADP crl-24514 369 11 undergraduate undergraduate ADJ crl-24514 369 12 business business NOUN crl-24514 369 13 students student NOUN crl-24514 369 14 , , PUNCT crl-24514 369 15 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 369 16 australian australian ADJ crl-24514 369 17 journal journal NOUN crl-24514 369 18 of of ADP crl-24514 369 19 adult adult NOUN crl-24514 369 20 learning learn VERB crl-24514 369 21 54 54 NUM crl-24514 369 22 , , PUNCT crl-24514 369 23 no no INTJ crl-24514 369 24 . . NOUN crl-24514 369 25 1 1 NUM crl-24514 369 26 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 369 27 2014 2014 NUM crl-24514 369 28 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 369 29 8–29 8–29 PROPN crl-24514 369 30 , , PUNCT crl-24514 369 31 http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ NOUN crl-24514 369 32 ej1031000.pdf ej1031000.pdf NOUN crl-24514 369 33 . . PUNCT crl-24514 370 1 35 35 NUM crl-24514 370 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 371 1 glen glen PROPN crl-24514 371 2 fuller fuller NOUN crl-24514 371 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 371 4 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 371 5 enthusiasm enthusiasm NOUN crl-24514 371 6 for for ADP crl-24514 371 7 making make VERB crl-24514 371 8 a a DET crl-24514 371 9 difference difference NOUN crl-24514 371 10 : : PUNCT crl-24514 371 11 adapting adapt VERB crl-24514 371 12 data datum NOUN crl-24514 371 13 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 371 14 skills skill NOUN crl-24514 371 15 for for ADP crl-24514 371 16 digital digital ADJ crl-24514 371 17 campaigning campaigning NOUN crl-24514 371 18 , , PUNCT crl-24514 371 19 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 371 20 asia asia PROPN crl-24514 371 21 pacific pacific PROPN crl-24514 371 22 media media PROPN crl-24514 371 23 educator educator NOUN crl-24514 371 24 28 28 NUM crl-24514 371 25 , , PUNCT crl-24514 371 26 no no INTJ crl-24514 371 27 . . NOUN crl-24514 371 28 1 1 NUM crl-24514 371 29 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 371 30 2018 2018 NUM crl-24514 371 31 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 371 32 112–23 112–23 PROPN crl-24514 371 33 , , PUNCT crl-24514 371 34 https://doi.org/10.1177/1326365x18768134 https://doi.org/10.1177/1326365x18768134 X crl-24514 371 35 . . PROPN crl-24514 372 1 36 36 NUM crl-24514 372 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 373 1 acrl acrl ADJ crl-24514 373 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 373 3 framework framework NOUN crl-24514 373 4 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 373 5 hofer hofer X crl-24514 373 6 , , PUNCT crl-24514 373 7 townsend townsend VERB crl-24514 373 8 , , PUNCT crl-24514 373 9 and and CCONJ crl-24514 373 10 brunetti brunetti PROPN crl-24514 373 11 , , PUNCT crl-24514 373 12 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 373 13 troublesome troublesome ADJ crl-24514 373 14 concepts concept NOUN crl-24514 373 15 and and CCONJ crl-24514 373 16 information information NOUN crl-24514 373 17 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 373 18 , , PUNCT crl-24514 373 19 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 373 20 398–99 398–99 NUM crl-24514 373 21 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 373 22 townsend townsend VERB crl-24514 373 23 , , PUNCT crl-24514 373 24 brunetti brunetti NOUN crl-24514 373 25 , , PUNCT crl-24514 373 26 and and CCONJ crl-24514 373 27 hofer hofer NOUN crl-24514 373 28 , , PUNCT crl-24514 373 29 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 373 30 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 373 31 concepts concept NOUN crl-24514 373 32 and and CCONJ crl-24514 373 33 information information NOUN crl-24514 373 34 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 373 35 , , PUNCT crl-24514 373 36 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 373 37 17–19 17–19 NUM crl-24514 373 38 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 373 39 townsend townsend VERB crl-24514 373 40 et et NOUN crl-24514 373 41 al al PROPN crl-24514 373 42 . . PROPN crl-24514 373 43 , , PUNCT crl-24514 373 44 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 373 45 identifying identify VERB crl-24514 373 46 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 373 47 concepts concept NOUN crl-24514 373 48 for for ADP crl-24514 373 49 information information NOUN crl-24514 373 50 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 373 51 , , PUNCT crl-24514 373 52 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 373 53 33–34 33–34 NUM crl-24514 373 54 . . PUNCT crl-24514 374 1 37 37 NUM crl-24514 374 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 375 1 acrl acrl ADJ crl-24514 375 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 375 3 framework framework NOUN crl-24514 375 4 . . PUNCT crl-24514 376 1 38 38 NUM crl-24514 376 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 377 1 acrl acrl ADJ crl-24514 377 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 377 3 framework framework NOUN crl-24514 377 4 . . PUNCT crl-24514 378 1 39 39 NUM crl-24514 378 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 379 1 acrl acrl ADJ crl-24514 379 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 379 3 framework framework NOUN crl-24514 379 4 . . PUNCT crl-24514 380 1 40 40 NUM crl-24514 380 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 380 3 townsend townsend VERB crl-24514 380 4 et et PROPN crl-24514 380 5 al al PROPN crl-24514 380 6 . . PROPN crl-24514 380 7 , , PUNCT crl-24514 380 8 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 380 9 identifying identify VERB crl-24514 380 10 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 380 11 concepts concept NOUN crl-24514 380 12 for for ADP crl-24514 380 13 information information NOUN crl-24514 380 14 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 380 15 , , PUNCT crl-24514 380 16 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 380 17 34 34 NUM crl-24514 380 18 . . PUNCT crl-24514 380 19 41 41 NUM crl-24514 380 20 . . PUNCT crl-24514 381 1 alyssa alyssa NOUN crl-24514 381 2 appleman appleman NOUN crl-24514 381 3 and and CCONJ crl-24514 381 4 s. s. PROPN crl-24514 381 5 shyam shyam PROPN crl-24514 381 6 sundar sundar NOUN crl-24514 381 7 , , PUNCT crl-24514 381 8 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 381 9 measuring measure VERB crl-24514 381 10 message message NOUN crl-24514 381 11 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 381 12 : : PUNCT crl-24514 381 13 construction construction NOUN crl-24514 381 14 and and CCONJ crl-24514 381 15 validation validation NOUN crl-24514 381 16 of of ADP crl-24514 381 17 an an DET crl-24514 381 18 exclusive exclusive ADJ crl-24514 381 19 scale scale NOUN crl-24514 381 20 , , PUNCT crl-24514 381 21 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 381 22 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 381 23 and and CCONJ crl-24514 381 24 mass mass ADJ crl-24514 381 25 communication communication NOUN crl-24514 381 26 quarterly quarterly ADJ crl-24514 381 27 93 93 NUM crl-24514 381 28 , , PUNCT crl-24514 381 29 no no INTJ crl-24514 381 30 . . NOUN crl-24514 381 31 1 1 NUM crl-24514 381 32 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 381 33 2015 2015 NUM crl-24514 381 34 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 381 35 59–79 59–79 NUM crl-24514 381 36 , , PUNCT crl-24514 381 37 https://doi https://doi PROPN crl-24514 381 38 . . PUNCT crl-24514 382 1 org/10.1177/1077699015606057 org/10.1177/1077699015606057 NOUN crl-24514 382 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 383 1 42 42 NUM crl-24514 383 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 384 1 macmillan macmillan PROPN crl-24514 384 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 384 3 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 384 4 fostering foster VERB crl-24514 384 5 the the DET crl-24514 384 6 integration integration NOUN crl-24514 384 7 of of ADP crl-24514 384 8 information information NOUN crl-24514 384 9 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 384 10 and and CCONJ crl-24514 384 11 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 384 12 practice practice NOUN crl-24514 384 13 , , PUNCT crl-24514 384 14 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 384 15 3–12 3–12 PROPN crl-24514 384 16 . . PUNCT crl-24514 385 1 43 43 NUM crl-24514 385 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 385 3 meyer meyer NOUN crl-24514 385 4 and and CCONJ crl-24514 385 5 land land NOUN crl-24514 385 6 , , PUNCT crl-24514 385 7 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 385 8 epistemological epistemological ADJ crl-24514 385 9 considerations consideration NOUN crl-24514 385 10 and and CCONJ crl-24514 385 11 a a DET crl-24514 385 12 conceptual conceptual ADJ crl-24514 385 13 framework framework NOUN crl-24514 385 14 for for ADP crl-24514 385 15 teaching teaching NOUN crl-24514 385 16 and and CCONJ crl-24514 385 17 learning learning NOUN crl-24514 385 18 , , PUNCT crl-24514 385 19 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 385 20 377–83 377–83 NUM crl-24514 385 21 . . PUNCT crl-24514 386 1 44 44 NUM crl-24514 386 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 386 3 townsend townsend VERB crl-24514 386 4 et et PROPN crl-24514 386 5 al al PROPN crl-24514 386 6 . . PROPN crl-24514 386 7 , , PUNCT crl-24514 386 8 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 386 9 identifying identify VERB crl-24514 386 10 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 386 11 concepts concept NOUN crl-24514 386 12 for for ADP crl-24514 386 13 information information NOUN crl-24514 386 14 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 386 15 , , PUNCT crl-24514 386 16 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 386 17 33 33 NUM crl-24514 386 18 . . PUNCT crl-24514 386 19 45 45 NUM crl-24514 386 20 . . PUNCT crl-24514 387 1 acrl acrl ADJ crl-24514 387 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 387 3 framework framework NOUN crl-24514 387 4 . . PUNCT crl-24514 388 1 46 46 NUM crl-24514 388 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 389 1 macmillan macmillan PROPN crl-24514 389 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 389 3 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 389 4 fostering foster VERB crl-24514 389 5 the the DET crl-24514 389 6 integration integration NOUN crl-24514 389 7 of of ADP crl-24514 389 8 information information NOUN crl-24514 389 9 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 389 10 and and CCONJ crl-24514 389 11 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 389 12 practice practice NOUN crl-24514 389 13 , , PUNCT crl-24514 389 14 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 389 15 18 18 NUM crl-24514 389 16 . . NUM crl-24514 389 17 47 47 NUM crl-24514 389 18 . . PUNCT crl-24514 390 1 megan megan PROPN crl-24514 390 2 oakleaf oakleaf PROPN crl-24514 390 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 390 4 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 390 5 a a DET crl-24514 390 6 roadmap roadmap NOUN crl-24514 390 7 for for ADP crl-24514 390 8 assessing assess VERB crl-24514 390 9 student student NOUN crl-24514 390 10 learning learning NOUN crl-24514 390 11 using use VERB crl-24514 390 12 the the DET crl-24514 390 13 new new ADJ crl-24514 390 14 framework framework NOUN crl-24514 390 15 for for ADP crl-24514 390 16 information information NOUN crl-24514 390 17 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 390 18 for for ADP crl-24514 390 19 higher high ADJ crl-24514 390 20 education education NOUN crl-24514 390 21 , , PUNCT crl-24514 390 22 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 390 23 journal journal NOUN crl-24514 390 24 of of ADP crl-24514 390 25 academic academic ADJ crl-24514 390 26 librarianship librarianship NOUN crl-24514 390 27 40 40 NUM crl-24514 390 28 , , PUNCT crl-24514 390 29 no no INTJ crl-24514 390 30 . . NOUN crl-24514 390 31 5 5 NUM crl-24514 390 32 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 390 33 2014 2014 NUM crl-24514 390 34 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 390 35 510–14 510–14 NUM crl-24514 390 36 , , PUNCT crl-24514 390 37 https://doi.org/10.1016/j https://doi.org/10.1016/j PROPN crl-24514 390 38 . . PUNCT crl-24514 390 39 acalib.2014.08.001 acalib.2014.08.001 SPACE crl-24514 390 40 . . PUNCT crl-24514 391 1 48 48 NUM crl-24514 391 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 392 1 meyer meyer NOUN crl-24514 392 2 and and CCONJ crl-24514 392 3 land land NOUN crl-24514 392 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 392 5 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 392 6 linkages linkage NOUN crl-24514 392 7 to to ADP crl-24514 392 8 ways way NOUN crl-24514 392 9 of of ADP crl-24514 392 10 thinking thinking NOUN crl-24514 392 11 and and CCONJ crl-24514 392 12 practising practise VERB crl-24514 392 13 within within ADP crl-24514 392 14 the the DET crl-24514 392 15 disciplines discipline NOUN crl-24514 392 16 , , PUNCT crl-24514 392 17 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 392 18 13 13 NUM crl-24514 392 19 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 392 20 townsend townsend VERB crl-24514 392 21 et et NOUN crl-24514 392 22 al al PROPN crl-24514 392 23 . . PROPN crl-24514 392 24 , , PUNCT crl-24514 392 25 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 392 26 identifying identify VERB crl-24514 392 27 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 392 28 concepts concept NOUN crl-24514 392 29 for for ADP crl-24514 392 30 information information NOUN crl-24514 392 31 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 392 32 , , PUNCT crl-24514 392 33 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 392 34 34 34 NUM crl-24514 392 35 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 392 36 townsend townsend VERB crl-24514 392 37 , , PUNCT crl-24514 392 38 brunetti brunetti NOUN crl-24514 392 39 , , PUNCT crl-24514 392 40 and and CCONJ crl-24514 392 41 hofer hofer NOUN crl-24514 392 42 , , PUNCT crl-24514 392 43 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 392 44 threshold threshold NOUN crl-24514 392 45 concepts concept NOUN crl-24514 392 46 and and CCONJ crl-24514 392 47 information information NOUN crl-24514 392 48 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 392 49 , , PUNCT crl-24514 392 50 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 392 51 18–19 18–19 NUM crl-24514 392 52 . . PUNCT crl-24514 393 1 49 49 NUM crl-24514 393 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 394 1 currie currie PROPN crl-24514 394 2 et et PROPN crl-24514 395 1 al al PROPN crl-24514 395 2 . . PROPN crl-24514 395 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 395 4 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 395 5 undergraduate undergraduate ADJ crl-24514 395 6 search search NOUN crl-24514 395 7 strategies strategy NOUN crl-24514 395 8 and and CCONJ crl-24514 395 9 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 395 10 criteria criterion NOUN crl-24514 395 11 , , PUNCT crl-24514 395 12 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 395 13 122–23 122–23 PROPN crl-24514 395 14 . . PUNCT crl-24514 396 1 50 50 NUM crl-24514 396 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 397 1 oakleaf oakleaf NOUN crl-24514 397 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 397 3 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 397 4 a a DET crl-24514 397 5 roadmap roadmap NOUN crl-24514 397 6 for for ADP crl-24514 397 7 assessing assess VERB crl-24514 397 8 student student NOUN crl-24514 397 9 learning learning NOUN crl-24514 397 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 397 11 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 397 12 513 513 NUM crl-24514 397 13 . . PUNCT crl-24514 398 1 51 51 NUM crl-24514 398 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 399 1 angell angell NOUN crl-24514 399 2 and and CCONJ crl-24514 399 3 tewell tewell NOUN crl-24514 399 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 399 5 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 399 6 teaching teaching NOUN crl-24514 399 7 and and CCONJ crl-24514 399 8 un un NOUN crl-24514 399 9 - - PUNCT crl-24514 399 10 teaching teach VERB crl-24514 399 11 source source NOUN crl-24514 399 12 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 399 13 , , PUNCT crl-24514 399 14 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 399 15 95–121 95–121 PROPN crl-24514 399 16 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 399 17 daniels daniel NOUN crl-24514 399 18 , , PUNCT crl-24514 399 19 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 399 20 using use VERB crl-24514 399 21 a a DET crl-24514 399 22 targeted targeted ADJ crl-24514 399 23 rubric rubric NOUN crl-24514 399 24 , , PUNCT crl-24514 399 25 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 399 26 31–43 31–43 NUM crl-24514 399 27 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 399 28 diller dill ADJ crl-24514 399 29 and and CCONJ crl-24514 399 30 phelps phelp NOUN crl-24514 399 31 , , PUNCT crl-24514 399 32 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 399 33 learning learn VERB crl-24514 399 34 outcomes outcome NOUN crl-24514 399 35 , , PUNCT crl-24514 399 36 portfolios portfolio NOUN crl-24514 399 37 , , PUNCT crl-24514 399 38 and and CCONJ crl-24514 399 39 rubrics rubric NOUN crl-24514 399 40 , , PUNCT crl-24514 399 41 oh oh INTJ crl-24514 399 42 my my INTJ crl-24514 399 43 ! ! PUNCT crl-24514 399 44 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 400 1 75–89 75–89 NUM crl-24514 400 2 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 400 3 van van PROPN crl-24514 400 4 helvoort helvoort NOUN crl-24514 400 5 , , PUNCT crl-24514 400 6 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 400 7 a a DET crl-24514 400 8 scoring scoring NOUN crl-24514 400 9 rubric rubric NOUN crl-24514 400 10 for for ADP crl-24514 400 11 performance performance NOUN crl-24514 400 12 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 400 13 of of ADP crl-24514 400 14 information information NOUN crl-24514 400 15 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 400 16 , , PUNCT crl-24514 400 17 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 400 18 22–39 22–39 NUM crl-24514 400 19 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 400 20 hoffmann hoffmann ADJ crl-24514 400 21 and and CCONJ crl-24514 400 22 labonte labonte PROPN crl-24514 400 23 , , PUNCT crl-24514 400 24 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 400 25 meeting meet VERB crl-24514 400 26 information information NOUN crl-24514 400 27 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 400 28 outcomes outcome NOUN crl-24514 400 29 , , PUNCT crl-24514 400 30 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 400 31 70–85 70–85 NUM crl-24514 400 32 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 400 33 jastram jastram PROPN crl-24514 400 34 , , PUNCT crl-24514 400 35 leebaw leebaw PROPN crl-24514 400 36 , , PUNCT crl-24514 400 37 and and CCONJ crl-24514 400 38 tompkins tompkin NOUN crl-24514 400 39 , , PUNCT crl-24514 400 40 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 400 41 situating situate VERB crl-24514 400 42 information information NOUN crl-24514 400 43 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 400 44 within within ADP crl-24514 400 45 the the DET crl-24514 400 46 curriculum curriculum NOUN crl-24514 400 47 , , PUNCT crl-24514 400 48 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 400 49 165–86 165–86 NUM crl-24514 400 50 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 400 51 knight knight NOUN crl-24514 400 52 , , PUNCT crl-24514 400 53 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 400 54 using use VERB crl-24514 400 55 rubrics rubric NOUN crl-24514 400 56 to to PART crl-24514 400 57 assess assess VERB crl-24514 400 58 information information NOUN crl-24514 400 59 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 400 60 , , PUNCT crl-24514 400 61 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 400 62 43–55 43–55 NUM crl-24514 400 63 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 400 64 scharf scharf NOUN crl-24514 400 65 et et NOUN crl-24514 400 66 al al PROPN crl-24514 400 67 . . PROPN crl-24514 400 68 , , PUNCT crl-24514 400 69 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 400 70 direct direct ADJ crl-24514 400 71 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 400 72 of of ADP crl-24514 400 73 information information NOUN crl-24514 400 74 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 400 75 using use VERB crl-24514 400 76 writing write VERB crl-24514 400 77 portfolios portfolio NOUN crl-24514 400 78 , , PUNCT crl-24514 400 79 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 400 80 462–78 462–78 NOUN crl-24514 400 81 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 400 82 ursin ursin PROPN crl-24514 400 83 , , PUNCT crl-24514 400 84 lindsay lindsay NOUN crl-24514 400 85 , , PUNCT crl-24514 400 86 and and CCONJ crl-24514 400 87 johnson johnson PROPN crl-24514 400 88 , , PUNCT crl-24514 400 89 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 400 90 assessing assess VERB crl-24514 400 91 library library NOUN crl-24514 400 92 instruction instruction NOUN crl-24514 400 93 in in ADP crl-24514 400 94 the the DET crl-24514 400 95 freshman freshman NOUN crl-24514 400 96 seminar seminar NOUN crl-24514 400 97 , , PUNCT crl-24514 400 98 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 400 99 284–92 284–92 PROPN crl-24514 400 100 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 400 101 warner warner PROPN crl-24514 400 102 , , PUNCT crl-24514 400 103 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 400 104 programmatic programmatic ADJ crl-24514 400 105 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 400 106 of of ADP crl-24514 400 107 information information NOUN crl-24514 400 108 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 400 109 skills skill NOUN crl-24514 400 110 using use VERB crl-24514 400 111 rubrics rubric NOUN crl-24514 400 112 , , PUNCT crl-24514 400 113 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 400 114 149–65 149–65 NOUN crl-24514 400 115 . . PUNCT crl-24514 401 1 52 52 NUM crl-24514 401 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 402 1 acrl acrl ADJ crl-24514 402 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 402 3 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 402 4 information information NOUN crl-24514 402 5 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 402 6 competency competency NOUN crl-24514 402 7 standards standard NOUN crl-24514 402 8 for for ADP crl-24514 402 9 higher high ADJ crl-24514 402 10 education education NOUN crl-24514 402 11 , , PUNCT crl-24514 402 12 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 402 13 american american PROPN crl-24514 402 14 libraries library NOUN crl-24514 402 15 association association PROPN crl-24514 402 16 , , PUNCT crl-24514 402 17 last last ADJ crl-24514 402 18 modified modify VERB crl-24514 402 19 january january PROPN crl-24514 402 20 18 18 NUM crl-24514 402 21 , , PUNCT crl-24514 402 22 2000 2000 NUM crl-24514 402 23 , , PUNCT crl-24514 402 24 http://www.ala.org/template.cfm?section=home&template=/contentmanagement/ http://www.ala.org/template.cfm?section=home&template=/contentmanagement/ PROPN crl-24514 402 25 contentdisplay.cfm&contentid=33553 contentdisplay.cfm&contentid=33553 NOUN crl-24514 402 26 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 402 27 knight knight NOUN crl-24514 402 28 , , PUNCT crl-24514 402 29 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 402 30 using use VERB crl-24514 402 31 rubrics rubric NOUN crl-24514 402 32 to to PART crl-24514 402 33 assess assess VERB crl-24514 402 34 information information NOUN crl-24514 402 35 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 402 36 , , PUNCT crl-24514 402 37 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 402 38 47–48 47–48 NUM crl-24514 402 39 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 402 40 scharf scharf NOUN crl-24514 402 41 et et NOUN crl-24514 402 42 al al PROPN crl-24514 402 43 . . PROPN crl-24514 402 44 , , PUNCT crl-24514 402 45 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 402 46 direct direct ADJ crl-24514 402 47 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 402 48 of of ADP crl-24514 402 49 information information NOUN crl-24514 402 50 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 402 51 using use VERB crl-24514 402 52 writing write VERB crl-24514 402 53 portfolios portfolio NOUN crl-24514 402 54 , , PUNCT crl-24514 402 55 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 402 56 473–75 473–75 NUM crl-24514 402 57 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 402 58 warner warner PROPN crl-24514 402 59 , , PUNCT crl-24514 402 60 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 402 61 programmatic programmatic ADJ crl-24514 402 62 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 402 63 of of ADP crl-24514 402 64 information information NOUN crl-24514 402 65 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 402 66 skills skill NOUN crl-24514 402 67 using use VERB crl-24514 402 68 rubrics rubric NOUN crl-24514 402 69 , , PUNCT crl-24514 402 70 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 402 71 151 151 NUM crl-24514 402 72 . . PUNCT crl-24514 403 1 53 53 NUM crl-24514 403 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 404 1 katelyn katelyn PROPN crl-24514 404 2 angell angell PROPN crl-24514 404 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 404 4 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 404 5 using use VERB crl-24514 404 6 quantitative quantitative ADJ crl-24514 404 7 methods method NOUN crl-24514 404 8 to to PART crl-24514 404 9 determine determine VERB crl-24514 404 10 the the DET crl-24514 404 11 validity validity NOUN crl-24514 404 12 and and CCONJ crl-24514 404 13 reliability reliability NOUN crl-24514 404 14 of of ADP crl-24514 404 15 an an DET crl-24514 404 16 undergraduhttps://www.ee.ucl.ac.uk/~mflanaga/thresholds.html undergraduhttps://www.ee.ucl.ac.uk/~mflanaga/thresholds.html PROPN crl-24514 404 17 https://doi.org/10.1080/03043797.2011.606500 https://doi.org/10.1080/03043797.2011.606500 X crl-24514 405 1 https://doi.org/10.1080/03043797.2011.606500 https://doi.org/10.1080/03043797.2011.606500 X crl-24514 406 1 http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ej1031000.pdf http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ej1031000.pdf ADV crl-24514 406 2 http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ej1031000.pdf http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ej1031000.pdf PUNCT crl-24514 406 3 https://doi.org/10.1177/1326365x18768134 https://doi.org/10.1177/1326365x18768134 PROPN crl-24514 406 4 https://doi.org/10.1177/1077699015606057 https://doi.org/10.1177/1077699015606057 PROPN crl-24514 406 5 https://doi.org/10.1177/1077699015606057 https://doi.org/10.1177/1077699015606057 PROPN crl-24514 406 6 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acalib.2014.08.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acalib.2014.08.001 PROPN crl-24514 406 7 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acalib.2014.08.001 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acalib.2014.08.001 PROPN crl-24514 406 8 http://www.ala.org/template.cfm?section=home&template=/contentmanagement/contentdisplay.cfm&contentid=33553 http://www.ala.org/template.cfm?section=home&template=/contentmanagement/contentdisplay.cfm&contentid=33553 PROPN crl-24514 406 9 http://www.ala.org/template.cfm?section=home&template=/contentmanagement/contentdisplay.cfm&contentid=33553 http://www.ala.org/template.cfm?section=home&template=/contentmanagement/contentdisplay.cfm&contentid=33553 PROPN crl-24514 406 10 news news NOUN crl-24514 406 11 credibility credibility NOUN crl-24514 406 12 843 843 NUM crl-24514 406 13 ate eat VERB crl-24514 406 14 citation citation NOUN crl-24514 406 15 rubric rubric NOUN crl-24514 406 16 , , PUNCT crl-24514 406 17 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 406 18 qualitative qualitative ADJ crl-24514 406 19 and and CCONJ crl-24514 406 20 quantitative quantitative ADJ crl-24514 406 21 methods method NOUN crl-24514 406 22 in in ADP crl-24514 406 23 libraries library NOUN crl-24514 406 24 4 4 NUM crl-24514 406 25 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 406 26 2015 2015 NUM crl-24514 406 27 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 406 28 755–65 755–65 NUM crl-24514 406 29 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 406 30 laura laura PROPN crl-24514 406 31 w. w. PROPN crl-24514 406 32 gariepy gariepy PROPN crl-24514 406 33 , , PUNCT crl-24514 406 34 jennifer jennifer PROPN crl-24514 406 35 a. a. PROPN crl-24514 406 36 stout stout PROPN crl-24514 406 37 , , PUNCT crl-24514 406 38 and and CCONJ crl-24514 406 39 megan megan PROPN crl-24514 406 40 l. l. PROPN crl-24514 406 41 hodge hodge PROPN crl-24514 406 42 , , PUNCT crl-24514 406 43 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 406 44 using use VERB crl-24514 406 45 rubrics rubric NOUN crl-24514 406 46 to to PART crl-24514 406 47 assess assess VERB crl-24514 406 48 learning learn VERB crl-24514 406 49 in in ADP crl-24514 406 50 course course NOUN crl-24514 406 51 - - PUNCT crl-24514 406 52 integrated integrate VERB crl-24514 406 53 library library NOUN crl-24514 406 54 instruction instruction NOUN crl-24514 406 55 , , PUNCT crl-24514 406 56 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 406 57 portal portal NOUN crl-24514 406 58 : : PUNCT crl-24514 406 59 libraries library NOUN crl-24514 406 60 and and CCONJ crl-24514 406 61 the the DET crl-24514 406 62 academy academy NOUN crl-24514 406 63 16 16 NUM crl-24514 406 64 , , PUNCT crl-24514 406 65 no no NOUN crl-24514 406 66 . . NOUN crl-24514 406 67 3 3 NUM crl-24514 406 68 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 406 69 2016 2016 NUM crl-24514 406 70 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 406 71 491–509 491–509 NUM crl-24514 406 72 , , PUNCT crl-24514 406 73 https://doi.org/10.1353/pla.2016.0043 https://doi.org/10.1353/pla.2016.0043 PROPN crl-24514 406 74 . . PUNCT crl-24514 407 1 54 54 NUM crl-24514 407 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 408 1 helvoort helvoort NOUN crl-24514 408 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 408 3 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 408 4 a a DET crl-24514 408 5 scoring scoring NOUN crl-24514 408 6 rubric rubric NOUN crl-24514 408 7 for for ADP crl-24514 408 8 performance performance NOUN crl-24514 408 9 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 408 10 of of ADP crl-24514 408 11 information information NOUN crl-24514 408 12 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 408 13 , , PUNCT crl-24514 408 14 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 408 15 38–39 38–39 NUM crl-24514 408 16 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 408 17 jastram jastram PROPN crl-24514 408 18 , , PUNCT crl-24514 408 19 leebaw leebaw PROPN crl-24514 408 20 , , PUNCT crl-24514 408 21 and and CCONJ crl-24514 408 22 tompkins tompkin NOUN crl-24514 408 23 , , PUNCT crl-24514 408 24 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 408 25 situating situate VERB crl-24514 408 26 information information NOUN crl-24514 408 27 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 408 28 within within ADP crl-24514 408 29 the the DET crl-24514 408 30 curriculum curriculum NOUN crl-24514 408 31 , , PUNCT crl-24514 408 32 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 408 33 181–83 181–83 NUM crl-24514 408 34 . . PUNCT crl-24514 409 1 55 55 NUM crl-24514 409 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 409 3 daniels daniel NOUN crl-24514 409 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 409 5 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 409 6 using use VERB crl-24514 409 7 a a DET crl-24514 409 8 targeted targeted ADJ crl-24514 409 9 rubric rubric NOUN crl-24514 409 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 409 11 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 409 12 34–38 34–38 NUM crl-24514 409 13 . . PROPN crl-24514 409 14 56 56 NUM crl-24514 409 15 . . PUNCT crl-24514 410 1 harlen harlen NOUN crl-24514 410 2 and and CCONJ crl-24514 410 3 james james PROPN crl-24514 410 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 410 5 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 410 6 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 410 7 and and CCONJ crl-24514 410 8 learning learning NOUN crl-24514 410 9 , , PUNCT crl-24514 410 10 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 410 11 370–75 370–75 NUM crl-24514 410 12 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 410 13 yorke yorke NOUN crl-24514 410 14 , , PUNCT crl-24514 410 15 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 410 16 formative formative ADJ crl-24514 410 17 assessment assessment NOUN crl-24514 410 18 in in ADP crl-24514 410 19 higher high ADJ crl-24514 410 20 education education NOUN crl-24514 410 21 , , PUNCT crl-24514 410 22 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 410 23 478–80 478–80 PROPN crl-24514 410 24 . . PUNCT crl-24514 411 1 57 57 NUM crl-24514 411 2 . . X crl-24514 411 3 daniels daniel NOUN crl-24514 411 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 411 5 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 411 6 using use VERB crl-24514 411 7 a a DET crl-24514 411 8 targeted targeted ADJ crl-24514 411 9 rubric rubric NOUN crl-24514 411 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 411 11 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 411 12 35 35 NUM crl-24514 411 13 . . PROPN crl-24514 411 14 58 58 NUM crl-24514 411 15 . . PUNCT crl-24514 411 16 macmillan macmillan PROPN crl-24514 411 17 , , PUNCT crl-24514 411 18 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 411 19 fostering foster VERB crl-24514 411 20 the the DET crl-24514 411 21 integration integration NOUN crl-24514 411 22 of of ADP crl-24514 411 23 information information NOUN crl-24514 411 24 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 411 25 and and CCONJ crl-24514 411 26 journalism journalism NOUN crl-24514 411 27 practice practice NOUN crl-24514 411 28 , , PUNCT crl-24514 411 29 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 411 30 8–14 8–14 PROPN crl-24514 411 31 . . PROPN crl-24514 412 1 59 59 NUM crl-24514 412 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 412 3 daniels daniel NOUN crl-24514 412 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 412 5 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 412 6 using use VERB crl-24514 412 7 a a DET crl-24514 412 8 targeted targeted ADJ crl-24514 412 9 rubric rubric NOUN crl-24514 412 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 412 11 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 412 12 35–36 35–36 NUM crl-24514 412 13 . . PUNCT crl-24514 413 1 60 60 NUM crl-24514 413 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 414 1 daniels daniel NOUN crl-24514 414 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 414 3 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 414 4 using use VERB crl-24514 414 5 a a DET crl-24514 414 6 targeted targeted ADJ crl-24514 414 7 rubric rubric NOUN crl-24514 414 8 , , PUNCT crl-24514 414 9 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 414 10 36 36 NUM crl-24514 414 11 . . NUM crl-24514 414 12 61 61 NUM crl-24514 414 13 . . PUNCT crl-24514 415 1 megan megan PROPN crl-24514 415 2 oakleaf oakleaf PROPN crl-24514 415 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 415 4 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 415 5 using use VERB crl-24514 415 6 rubrics rubric NOUN crl-24514 415 7 to to PART crl-24514 415 8 assess assess VERB crl-24514 415 9 information information NOUN crl-24514 415 10 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 415 11 : : PUNCT crl-24514 415 12 an an DET crl-24514 415 13 examination examination NOUN crl-24514 415 14 of of ADP crl-24514 415 15 methodology methodology NOUN crl-24514 415 16 and and CCONJ crl-24514 415 17 interrater interrater ADJ crl-24514 415 18 reliability reliability NOUN crl-24514 415 19 , , PUNCT crl-24514 415 20 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 415 21 journal journal NOUN crl-24514 415 22 of of ADP crl-24514 415 23 the the DET crl-24514 415 24 american american ADJ crl-24514 415 25 society society NOUN crl-24514 415 26 for for ADP crl-24514 415 27 information information NOUN crl-24514 415 28 science science NOUN crl-24514 415 29 and and CCONJ crl-24514 415 30 technology technology NOUN crl-24514 415 31 60 60 NUM crl-24514 415 32 , , PUNCT crl-24514 415 33 no no NOUN crl-24514 415 34 . . NOUN crl-24514 415 35 5 5 NUM crl-24514 415 36 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 415 37 2009 2009 NUM crl-24514 415 38 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 415 39 969–83 969–83 NOUN crl-24514 415 40 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 415 41 wiggins wiggin NOUN crl-24514 415 42 and and CCONJ crl-24514 415 43 mctighe mctighe NOUN crl-24514 415 44 , , PUNCT crl-24514 415 45 understanding understanding NOUN crl-24514 415 46 by by ADP crl-24514 415 47 design design NOUN crl-24514 415 48 , , PUNCT crl-24514 415 49 188–89 188–89 NUM crl-24514 415 50 . . PUNCT crl-24514 416 1 62 62 NUM crl-24514 416 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 417 1 roger roger PROPN crl-24514 417 2 tourangeau tourangeau PROPN crl-24514 417 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 417 4 lance lance PROPN crl-24514 417 5 j. j. PROPN crl-24514 417 6 rips rips PROPN crl-24514 417 7 , , PUNCT crl-24514 417 8 and and CCONJ crl-24514 417 9 kenneth kenneth PROPN crl-24514 417 10 rasinski rasinski PROPN crl-24514 417 11 , , PUNCT crl-24514 417 12 the the DET crl-24514 417 13 psychology psychology NOUN crl-24514 417 14 of of ADP crl-24514 417 15 survey survey NOUN crl-24514 417 16 response response NOUN crl-24514 417 17 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 417 18 new new PROPN crl-24514 417 19 york york PROPN crl-24514 417 20 , , PUNCT crl-24514 417 21 ny ny PROPN crl-24514 417 22 : : PUNCT crl-24514 417 23 cambridge cambridge PROPN crl-24514 417 24 university university PROPN crl-24514 417 25 press press NOUN crl-24514 417 26 , , PUNCT crl-24514 417 27 2000 2000 NUM crl-24514 417 28 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 417 29 , , PUNCT crl-24514 417 30 9–61 9–61 PROPN crl-24514 417 31 . . PUNCT crl-24514 418 1 63 63 NUM crl-24514 418 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 418 3 daniels daniel NOUN crl-24514 418 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 418 5 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 418 6 using use VERB crl-24514 418 7 a a DET crl-24514 418 8 targeted targeted ADJ crl-24514 418 9 rubric rubric NOUN crl-24514 418 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 418 11 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 418 12 38 38 NUM crl-24514 418 13 . . NUM crl-24514 419 1 64 64 NUM crl-24514 419 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 420 1 oakleaf oakleaf NOUN crl-24514 420 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 420 3 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 420 4 using use VERB crl-24514 420 5 rubrics rubric NOUN crl-24514 420 6 to to PART crl-24514 420 7 assess assess VERB crl-24514 420 8 information information NOUN crl-24514 420 9 literacy literacy NOUN crl-24514 420 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 420 11 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 420 12 971–72 971–72 NUM crl-24514 420 13 . . PUNCT crl-24514 421 1 65 65 NUM crl-24514 421 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 422 1 mary mary PROPN crl-24514 422 2 l. l. PROPN crl-24514 422 3 mchugh mchugh PROPN crl-24514 422 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 422 5 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 422 6 interrater interrater ADJ crl-24514 422 7 reliability reliability NOUN crl-24514 422 8 : : PUNCT crl-24514 422 9 the the DET crl-24514 422 10 kappa kappa PROPN crl-24514 422 11 statistic statistic PROPN crl-24514 422 12 , , PUNCT crl-24514 422 13 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 422 14 biochemia biochemia NOUN crl-24514 422 15 medica medica PROPN crl-24514 422 16 22 22 NUM crl-24514 422 17 , , PUNCT crl-24514 422 18 no no INTJ crl-24514 422 19 . . NOUN crl-24514 422 20 3 3 NUM crl-24514 422 21 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 422 22 2012 2012 NUM crl-24514 422 23 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 422 24 276–82 276–82 NUM crl-24514 422 25 , , PUNCT crl-24514 422 26 pubmed pubmed PROPN crl-24514 422 27 pmid pmid PROPN crl-24514 422 28 : : PUNCT crl-24514 422 29 23092060 23092060 NUM crl-24514 422 30 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 422 31 pubmed pubmed PROPN crl-24514 422 32 central central ADJ crl-24514 422 33 pmcid pmcid PROPN crl-24514 422 34 : : PUNCT crl-24514 422 35 pmc3900052 pmc3900052 PROPN crl-24514 422 36 . . PROPN crl-24514 423 1 66 66 NUM crl-24514 423 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 424 1 head head VERB crl-24514 424 2 et et PROPN crl-24514 425 1 al al PROPN crl-24514 425 2 . . PROPN crl-24514 425 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 425 4 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 425 5 how how SCONJ crl-24514 425 6 students student NOUN crl-24514 425 7 engage engage VERB crl-24514 425 8 with with ADP crl-24514 425 9 news news NOUN crl-24514 425 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 425 11 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 425 12 19 19 NUM crl-24514 425 13 . . NUM crl-24514 425 14 67 67 NUM crl-24514 425 15 . . PUNCT crl-24514 426 1 angell angell NOUN crl-24514 426 2 and and CCONJ crl-24514 426 3 tewell tewell NOUN crl-24514 426 4 , , PUNCT crl-24514 426 5 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 426 6 teaching teaching NOUN crl-24514 426 7 and and CCONJ crl-24514 426 8 un un NOUN crl-24514 426 9 - - PUNCT crl-24514 426 10 teaching teach VERB crl-24514 426 11 source source NOUN crl-24514 426 12 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 426 13 , , PUNCT crl-24514 426 14 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 426 15 104–07 104–07 NUM crl-24514 426 16 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 426 17 head head NOUN crl-24514 426 18 and and CCONJ crl-24514 426 19 eisenberg eisenberg PROPN crl-24514 426 20 , , PUNCT crl-24514 426 21 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 426 22 truth truth NOUN crl-24514 426 23 be be AUX crl-24514 426 24 told tell VERB crl-24514 426 25 , , PUNCT crl-24514 426 26 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 426 27 9–12 9–12 NOUN crl-24514 426 28 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 426 29 head head NOUN crl-24514 426 30 et et PROPN crl-24514 426 31 al al PROPN crl-24514 426 32 . . PROPN crl-24514 426 33 , , PUNCT crl-24514 426 34 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 426 35 how how SCONJ crl-24514 426 36 students student NOUN crl-24514 426 37 engage engage VERB crl-24514 426 38 with with ADP crl-24514 426 39 news news NOUN crl-24514 426 40 , , PUNCT crl-24514 426 41 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 426 42 24–28 24–28 NUM crl-24514 426 43 . . PROPN crl-24514 427 1 68 68 NUM crl-24514 427 2 . . X crl-24514 427 3 wineburg wineburg PROPN crl-24514 427 4 et et PROPN crl-24514 428 1 al al PROPN crl-24514 428 2 . . PROPN crl-24514 428 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 428 4 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 428 5 evaluating evaluate VERB crl-24514 428 6 information information NOUN crl-24514 428 7 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 428 8 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 428 9 sam sam PROPN crl-24514 428 10 wineburg wineburg PROPN crl-24514 428 11 and and CCONJ crl-24514 428 12 sarah sarah PROPN crl-24514 428 13 mcgrew mcgrew PROPN crl-24514 428 14 , , PUNCT crl-24514 428 15 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 428 16 lateral lateral ADJ crl-24514 428 17 reading reading NOUN crl-24514 428 18 : : PUNCT crl-24514 428 19 reading read VERB crl-24514 428 20 less less ADV crl-24514 428 21 and and CCONJ crl-24514 428 22 learning learn VERB crl-24514 428 23 more more ADJ crl-24514 428 24 when when SCONJ crl-24514 428 25 evaluating evaluate VERB crl-24514 428 26 digital digital ADJ crl-24514 428 27 information information NOUN crl-24514 428 28 , , PUNCT crl-24514 428 29 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 428 30 ssrn ssrn PROPN crl-24514 428 31 scholarly scholarly ADJ crl-24514 428 32 paper paper NOUN crl-24514 428 33 no no INTJ crl-24514 428 34 . . PUNCT crl-24514 429 1 i i NOUN crl-24514 429 2 d d PROPN crl-24514 429 3 3048994 3048994 NUM crl-24514 429 4 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 429 5 rochester rochester PROPN crl-24514 429 6 , , PUNCT crl-24514 429 7 ny ny NOUN crl-24514 429 8 : : PUNCT crl-24514 429 9 social social ADJ crl-24514 429 10 science science NOUN crl-24514 429 11 research research NOUN crl-24514 429 12 network network NOUN crl-24514 429 13 , , PUNCT crl-24514 429 14 2017 2017 NUM crl-24514 429 15 ) ) PUNCT crl-24514 429 16 , , PUNCT crl-24514 430 1 https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3048994 https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3048994 PROPN crl-24514 430 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 431 1 69 69 NUM crl-24514 431 2 . . X crl-24514 432 1 head head NOUN crl-24514 432 2 et et PROPN crl-24514 433 1 al al PROPN crl-24514 433 2 . . PROPN crl-24514 433 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 433 4 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 433 5 how how SCONJ crl-24514 433 6 students student NOUN crl-24514 433 7 engage engage VERB crl-24514 433 8 with with ADP crl-24514 433 9 news news NOUN crl-24514 433 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 433 11 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 433 12 20–22 20–22 NUM crl-24514 433 13 , , PUNCT crl-24514 433 14 figure figure NOUN crl-24514 433 15 7 7 NUM crl-24514 433 16 . . PROPN crl-24514 433 17 70 70 NUM crl-24514 433 18 . . NUM crl-24514 434 1 head head NOUN crl-24514 434 2 et et PROPN crl-24514 435 1 al al PROPN crl-24514 435 2 . . PROPN crl-24514 435 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 435 4 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 435 5 how how SCONJ crl-24514 435 6 students student NOUN crl-24514 435 7 engage engage VERB crl-24514 435 8 with with ADP crl-24514 435 9 news news NOUN crl-24514 435 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 435 11 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 435 12 13–15 13–15 NUM crl-24514 435 13 , , PUNCT crl-24514 435 14 figure figure NOUN crl-24514 435 15 4 4 NUM crl-24514 435 16 . . PROPN crl-24514 435 17 71 71 NUM crl-24514 435 18 . . PUNCT crl-24514 436 1 acrl acrl ADJ crl-24514 436 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 436 3 framework framework NOUN crl-24514 436 4 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 436 5 angell angell NOUN crl-24514 436 6 and and CCONJ crl-24514 436 7 tewell tewell NOUN crl-24514 436 8 , , PUNCT crl-24514 436 9 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 436 10 teaching teaching NOUN crl-24514 436 11 and and CCONJ crl-24514 436 12 un un NOUN crl-24514 436 13 - - PUNCT crl-24514 436 14 teaching teach VERB crl-24514 436 15 source source NOUN crl-24514 436 16 evaluation evaluation NOUN crl-24514 436 17 , , PUNCT crl-24514 436 18 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 436 19 104–07 104–07 NUM crl-24514 436 20 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 436 21 head head NOUN crl-24514 436 22 and and CCONJ crl-24514 436 23 eisenberg eisenberg PROPN crl-24514 436 24 , , PUNCT crl-24514 436 25 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 436 26 truth truth NOUN crl-24514 436 27 be be AUX crl-24514 436 28 told tell VERB crl-24514 436 29 , , PUNCT crl-24514 436 30 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 436 31 9–18 9–18 NUM crl-24514 436 32 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 436 33 head head VERB crl-24514 436 34 et et PROPN crl-24514 436 35 al al PROPN crl-24514 436 36 . . PROPN crl-24514 436 37 , , PUNCT crl-24514 436 38 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 436 39 how how SCONJ crl-24514 436 40 students student NOUN crl-24514 436 41 engage engage VERB crl-24514 436 42 with with ADP crl-24514 436 43 news news NOUN crl-24514 436 44 , , PUNCT crl-24514 436 45 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 436 46 figure figure NOUN crl-24514 436 47 7 7 NUM crl-24514 436 48 . . PROPN crl-24514 436 49 72 72 NUM crl-24514 436 50 . . PUNCT crl-24514 437 1 sarah sarah PROPN crl-24514 437 2 blakeslee blakeslee PROPN crl-24514 437 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 437 4 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 437 5 the the DET crl-24514 437 6 craap craap PROPN crl-24514 437 7 test test NOUN crl-24514 437 8 , , PUNCT crl-24514 437 9 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 437 10 loex loex X crl-24514 437 11 quarterly quarterly ADV crl-24514 437 12 31 31 NUM crl-24514 437 13 , , PUNCT crl-24514 437 14 no no NOUN crl-24514 437 15 . . NOUN crl-24514 437 16 3 3 NUM crl-24514 437 17 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 437 18 2004 2004 NUM crl-24514 437 19 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 437 20 6–7 6–7 NUM crl-24514 437 21 , , PUNCT crl-24514 437 22 https://commons.emich.edu/ https://commons.emich.edu/ PROPN crl-24514 437 23 loexquarterly loexquarterly ADV crl-24514 437 24 / / SYM crl-24514 437 25 vol31 vol31 NOUN crl-24514 437 26 / / SYM crl-24514 437 27 iss3/4/ iss3/4/ NUM crl-24514 437 28 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 437 29 mike mike PROPN crl-24514 437 30 caulfield caulfield PROPN crl-24514 437 31 , , PUNCT crl-24514 437 32 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 437 33 a a DET crl-24514 437 34 short short ADJ crl-24514 437 35 history history NOUN crl-24514 437 36 of of ADP crl-24514 437 37 craap craap NOUN crl-24514 437 38 , , PUNCT crl-24514 437 39 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 437 40 hapgood hapgood NOUN crl-24514 437 41 , , PUNCT crl-24514 437 42 last last ADJ crl-24514 437 43 modified modify VERB crl-24514 437 44 september september PROPN crl-24514 437 45 15 15 NUM crl-24514 437 46 , , PUNCT crl-24514 437 47 2018 2018 NUM crl-24514 437 48 , , PUNCT crl-24514 437 49 https://hapgood.us/2018/09/14/a-short-history-of-craap/2018 https://hapgood.us/2018/09/14/a-short-history-of-craap/2018 X crl-24514 437 50 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 437 51 maddie maddie PROPN crl-24514 437 52 crum crum PROPN crl-24514 437 53 , , PUNCT crl-24514 437 54 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 437 55 after after SCONJ crl-24514 437 56 trump trump NOUN crl-24514 437 57 was be AUX crl-24514 437 58 elected elect VERB crl-24514 437 59 , , PUNCT crl-24514 437 60 librarians librarians PROPN crl-24514 437 61 had have VERB crl-24514 437 62 to to PART crl-24514 437 63 rethink rethink VERB crl-24514 437 64 their their PRON crl-24514 437 65 system system NOUN crl-24514 437 66 for for ADP crl-24514 437 67 fact fact NOUN crl-24514 437 68 - - PUNCT crl-24514 437 69 checking checking NOUN crl-24514 437 70 , , PUNCT crl-24514 437 71 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 437 72 huffington huffington PROPN crl-24514 437 73 post post PROPN crl-24514 437 74 , , PUNCT crl-24514 437 75 march march PROPN crl-24514 437 76 9 9 NUM crl-24514 437 77 , , PUNCT crl-24514 437 78 2017 2017 NUM crl-24514 437 79 , , PUNCT crl-24514 437 80 https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/after-trump-librarians-develop-new-fact-checking-system_us_58c071d3e4b0ed7182699786 https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/after-trump-librarians-develop-new-fact-checking-system_us_58c071d3e4b0ed7182699786 NOUN crl-24514 437 81 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 437 82 kevin kevin PROPN crl-24514 437 83 seeber seeber PROPN crl-24514 437 84 , , PUNCT crl-24514 437 85 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 437 86 wiretaps wiretap NOUN crl-24514 437 87 and and CCONJ crl-24514 437 88 craap craap NOUN crl-24514 437 89 , , PUNCT crl-24514 437 90 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 437 91 kevin kevin PROPN crl-24514 437 92 seeber seeber PROPN crl-24514 437 93 / / SYM crl-24514 437 94 mlis mlis PROPN crl-24514 437 95 , , PUNCT crl-24514 437 96 last last ADJ crl-24514 437 97 modified modify VERB crl-24514 437 98 march march PROPN crl-24514 437 99 18 18 NUM crl-24514 437 100 , , PUNCT crl-24514 437 101 2017 2017 NUM crl-24514 437 102 , , PUNCT crl-24514 437 103 http://kevinseeber http://kevinseeber NUM crl-24514 437 104 . . PUNCT crl-24514 438 1 com com NOUN crl-24514 438 2 / / SYM crl-24514 438 3 blog blog NOUN crl-24514 438 4 / / SYM crl-24514 438 5 wiretaps wiretap NOUN crl-24514 438 6 - - PUNCT crl-24514 438 7 and and CCONJ crl-24514 438 8 - - PUNCT crl-24514 438 9 craap craap NOUN crl-24514 438 10 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 438 11 wineburg wineburg NOUN crl-24514 438 12 and and CCONJ crl-24514 438 13 mcgrew mcgrew PROPN crl-24514 438 14 , , PUNCT crl-24514 438 15 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 438 16 lateral lateral ADJ crl-24514 438 17 reading reading NOUN crl-24514 438 18 , , PUNCT crl-24514 438 19 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 438 20 44–46 44–46 NUM crl-24514 438 21 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 438 22 head head NOUN crl-24514 438 23 et et PROPN crl-24514 438 24 al al PROPN crl-24514 438 25 . . PROPN crl-24514 438 26 , , PUNCT crl-24514 438 27 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 438 28 how how SCONJ crl-24514 438 29 students student NOUN crl-24514 438 30 engage engage VERB crl-24514 438 31 with with ADP crl-24514 438 32 news news NOUN crl-24514 438 33 , , PUNCT crl-24514 438 34 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 438 35 24–28 24–28 NUM crl-24514 438 36 , , PUNCT crl-24514 438 37 31–35 31–35 NUM crl-24514 438 38 . . PUNCT crl-24514 439 1 73 73 NUM crl-24514 439 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 439 3 head head PROPN crl-24514 439 4 et et PROPN crl-24514 440 1 al al PROPN crl-24514 440 2 . . PROPN crl-24514 440 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 440 4 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 440 5 how how SCONJ crl-24514 440 6 students student NOUN crl-24514 440 7 engage engage VERB crl-24514 440 8 with with ADP crl-24514 440 9 news news NOUN crl-24514 440 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 440 11 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 440 12 quote quote INTJ crl-24514 440 13 , , PUNCT crl-24514 440 14 24 24 NUM crl-24514 440 15 , , PUNCT crl-24514 440 16 24–28 24–28 NUM crl-24514 440 17 , , PUNCT crl-24514 440 18 31–35 31–35 NUM crl-24514 440 19 . . PROPN crl-24514 440 20 74 74 NUM crl-24514 440 21 . . PUNCT crl-24514 441 1 perkins perkin NOUN crl-24514 441 2 , , PUNCT crl-24514 441 3 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 441 4 the the DET crl-24514 441 5 many many ADJ crl-24514 441 6 faces face NOUN crl-24514 441 7 of of ADP crl-24514 441 8 constructivism constructivism NOUN crl-24514 441 9 , , PUNCT crl-24514 441 10 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 441 11 8–9 8–9 NUM crl-24514 441 12 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 441 13 meyer meyer NOUN crl-24514 441 14 and and CCONJ crl-24514 441 15 land land NOUN crl-24514 441 16 , , PUNCT crl-24514 441 17 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 441 18 linkages linkage NOUN crl-24514 441 19 to to ADP crl-24514 441 20 ways way NOUN crl-24514 441 21 of of ADP crl-24514 441 22 thinking thinking NOUN crl-24514 441 23 and and CCONJ crl-24514 441 24 practising practise VERB crl-24514 441 25 within within ADP crl-24514 441 26 the the DET crl-24514 441 27 disciplines discipline NOUN crl-24514 441 28 , , PUNCT crl-24514 441 29 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 441 30 6–7 6–7 NUM crl-24514 441 31 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 441 32 caulfield caulfield NOUN crl-24514 441 33 , , PUNCT crl-24514 441 34 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 441 35 a a DET crl-24514 441 36 short short ADJ crl-24514 441 37 history history NOUN crl-24514 441 38 of of ADP crl-24514 441 39 craap craap NOUN crl-24514 441 40 . . PUNCT crl-24514 441 41 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 442 1 75 75 NUM crl-24514 442 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 442 3 wiggins wiggin NOUN crl-24514 442 4 and and CCONJ crl-24514 442 5 mctighe mctighe NOUN crl-24514 442 6 , , PUNCT crl-24514 442 7 understanding understanding NOUN crl-24514 442 8 by by ADP crl-24514 442 9 design design NOUN crl-24514 442 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 442 11 39–40 39–40 NUM crl-24514 442 12 , , PUNCT crl-24514 442 13 340 340 NUM crl-24514 442 14 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 442 15 yu yu PROPN crl-24514 442 16 - - PUNCT crl-24514 442 17 mei mei PROPN crl-24514 442 18 wang wang PROPN crl-24514 442 19 and and CCONJ crl-24514 442 20 marge marge PROPN crl-24514 442 21 artero artero NOUN crl-24514 442 22 , , PUNCT crl-24514 442 23 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 442 24 caught catch VERB crl-24514 442 25 in in ADP crl-24514 442 26 the the DET crl-24514 442 27 web web NOUN crl-24514 442 28 : : PUNCT crl-24514 442 29 university university NOUN crl-24514 442 30 student student NOUN crl-24514 442 31 use use NOUN crl-24514 442 32 of of ADP crl-24514 442 33 web web NOUN crl-24514 442 34 resources resource NOUN crl-24514 442 35 , , PUNCT crl-24514 442 36 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 442 37 educational educational ADJ crl-24514 442 38 media medium NOUN crl-24514 442 39 international international ADJ crl-24514 442 40 42 42 NUM crl-24514 442 41 , , PUNCT crl-24514 442 42 no no INTJ crl-24514 442 43 . . NOUN crl-24514 442 44 1 1 NUM crl-24514 442 45 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 442 46 2005 2005 NUM crl-24514 442 47 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 442 48 71–82 71–82 NUM crl-24514 442 49 , , PUNCT crl-24514 442 50 https:// https:// NOUN crl-24514 442 51 doi.org/10.1080/09523980500116670 doi.org/10.1080/09523980500116670 NOUN crl-24514 442 52 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 442 53 wineburg wineburg NOUN crl-24514 442 54 and and CCONJ crl-24514 442 55 mcgrew mcgrew NOUN crl-24514 442 56 , , PUNCT crl-24514 442 57 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 442 58 lateral lateral ADJ crl-24514 442 59 reading reading NOUN crl-24514 442 60 . . PUNCT crl-24514 442 61 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 443 1 76 76 NUM crl-24514 443 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 444 1 head head VERB crl-24514 444 2 et et PROPN crl-24514 445 1 al al PROPN crl-24514 445 2 . . PROPN crl-24514 445 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 445 4 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 445 5 how how SCONJ crl-24514 445 6 students student NOUN crl-24514 445 7 engage engage VERB crl-24514 445 8 with with ADP crl-24514 445 9 news news NOUN crl-24514 445 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 445 11 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 445 12 31–35 31–35 NUM crl-24514 445 13 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 445 14 alison alison NOUN crl-24514 445 15 king king NOUN crl-24514 445 16 , , PUNCT crl-24514 445 17 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 445 18 from from ADP crl-24514 445 19 sage sage NOUN crl-24514 445 20 on on ADP crl-24514 445 21 the the DET crl-24514 445 22 stage stage NOUN crl-24514 445 23 to to PART crl-24514 445 24 guide guide VERB crl-24514 445 25 on on ADP crl-24514 445 26 the the DET crl-24514 445 27 side side NOUN crl-24514 445 28 , , PUNCT crl-24514 445 29 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 445 30 college college NOUN crl-24514 445 31 teaching teach VERB crl-24514 445 32 41 41 NUM crl-24514 445 33 , , PUNCT crl-24514 445 34 no no NOUN crl-24514 445 35 . . NOUN crl-24514 445 36 1 1 NUM crl-24514 445 37 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 445 38 1993 1993 NUM crl-24514 445 39 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 445 40 30–35 30–35 NUM crl-24514 445 41 , , PUNCT crl-24514 445 42 https://www.jstor.org/stable/27558571 https://www.jstor.org/stable/27558571 PROPN crl-24514 445 43 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 445 44 wineburg wineburg NOUN crl-24514 445 45 and and CCONJ crl-24514 445 46 mcgrew mcgrew PROPN crl-24514 445 47 , , PUNCT crl-24514 445 48 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 445 49 lateral lateral ADJ crl-24514 445 50 reading reading NOUN crl-24514 445 51 , , PUNCT crl-24514 445 52 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 445 53 39–46 39–46 NUM crl-24514 445 54 . . NUM crl-24514 445 55 77 77 NUM crl-24514 445 56 . . PUNCT crl-24514 446 1 wineburg wineburg PROPN crl-24514 446 2 et et PROPN crl-24514 447 1 al al PROPN crl-24514 447 2 . . PROPN crl-24514 447 3 , , PUNCT crl-24514 447 4 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 447 5 evaluating evaluate VERB crl-24514 447 6 information information NOUN crl-24514 447 7 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 447 8 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 447 9 wineburg wineburg NOUN crl-24514 447 10 and and CCONJ crl-24514 447 11 mcgrew mcgrew NOUN crl-24514 447 12 , , PUNCT crl-24514 447 13 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 447 14 lateral lateral ADJ crl-24514 447 15 reading reading NOUN crl-24514 447 16 . . PUNCT crl-24514 447 17 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 448 1 78 78 NUM crl-24514 448 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 448 3 gloria gloria PROPN crl-24514 448 4 j. j. PROPN crl-24514 448 5 leckie leckie PROPN crl-24514 448 6 , , PUNCT crl-24514 448 7 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 448 8 desperately desperately ADV crl-24514 448 9 seeking seek VERB crl-24514 448 10 citations citation NOUN crl-24514 448 11 : : PUNCT crl-24514 448 12 uncovering uncover VERB crl-24514 448 13 faculty faculty NOUN crl-24514 448 14 assumptions assumption NOUN crl-24514 448 15 about about ADP crl-24514 448 16 the the DET crl-24514 448 17 undergraduate undergraduate ADJ crl-24514 448 18 research research NOUN crl-24514 448 19 , , PUNCT crl-24514 448 20 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 448 21 journal journal NOUN crl-24514 448 22 of of ADP crl-24514 448 23 academic academic ADJ crl-24514 448 24 librarianship librarianship NOUN crl-24514 448 25 22 22 NUM crl-24514 448 26 , , PUNCT crl-24514 448 27 no no INTJ crl-24514 448 28 . . NOUN crl-24514 448 29 3 3 NUM crl-24514 448 30 ( ( PUNCT crl-24514 448 31 1996 1996 NUM crl-24514 448 32 ): ): PUNCT crl-24514 448 33 201–08 201–08 NUM crl-24514 448 34 , , PUNCT crl-24514 448 35 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0099-1333(96)90059-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0099-1333(96)90059-2 PROPN crl-24514 448 36 . . PUNCT crl-24514 449 1 79 79 NUM crl-24514 449 2 . . X crl-24514 449 3 wiggins wiggin NOUN crl-24514 449 4 and and CCONJ crl-24514 449 5 mctighe mctighe NOUN crl-24514 449 6 , , PUNCT crl-24514 449 7 understanding understanding NOUN crl-24514 449 8 by by ADP crl-24514 449 9 design design NOUN crl-24514 449 10 , , PUNCT crl-24514 449 11 169 169 NUM crl-24514 449 12 . . PUNCT crl-24514 450 1 80 80 NUM crl-24514 450 2 . . X crl-24514 450 3 wineburg wineburg NOUN crl-24514 450 4 and and CCONJ crl-24514 450 5 mcgrew mcgrew PROPN crl-24514 450 6 , , PUNCT crl-24514 450 7 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 450 8 lateral lateral ADJ crl-24514 450 9 reading reading NOUN crl-24514 450 10 . . PUNCT crl-24514 450 11 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 451 1 81 81 NUM crl-24514 451 2 . . PUNCT crl-24514 451 3 meyer meyer NOUN crl-24514 451 4 and and CCONJ crl-24514 451 5 land land NOUN crl-24514 451 6 , , PUNCT crl-24514 451 7 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 451 8 epistemological epistemological ADJ crl-24514 451 9 considerations consideration NOUN crl-24514 451 10 and and CCONJ crl-24514 451 11 a a DET crl-24514 451 12 conceptual conceptual ADJ crl-24514 451 13 framework framework NOUN crl-24514 451 14 for for ADP crl-24514 451 15 teaching teaching NOUN crl-24514 451 16 and and CCONJ crl-24514 451 17 learning learning NOUN crl-24514 451 18 , , PUNCT crl-24514 451 19 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 451 20 377 377 NUM crl-24514 451 21 . . PUNCT crl-24514 451 22 82 82 NUM crl-24514 451 23 . . PUNCT crl-24514 451 24 meyer meyer PROPN crl-24514 451 25 and and CCONJ crl-24514 451 26 land land NOUN crl-24514 451 27 , , PUNCT crl-24514 451 28 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 451 29 epistemological epistemological ADJ crl-24514 451 30 considerations consideration NOUN crl-24514 451 31 and and CCONJ crl-24514 451 32 a a DET crl-24514 451 33 conceptual conceptual ADJ crl-24514 451 34 framework framework NOUN crl-24514 451 35 for for ADP crl-24514 451 36 teaching teaching NOUN crl-24514 451 37 and and CCONJ crl-24514 451 38 learning learning NOUN crl-24514 451 39 , , PUNCT crl-24514 451 40 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 451 41 377–79 377–79 ADJ crl-24514 451 42 ; ; PUNCT crl-24514 451 43 head head NOUN crl-24514 451 44 et et PROPN crl-24514 451 45 al al PROPN crl-24514 451 46 . . PROPN crl-24514 451 47 , , PUNCT crl-24514 451 48 “ " PUNCT crl-24514 451 49 how how SCONJ crl-24514 451 50 students student NOUN crl-24514 451 51 engage engage VERB crl-24514 451 52 with with ADP crl-24514 451 53 news news NOUN crl-24514 451 54 , , PUNCT crl-24514 451 55 ” " PUNCT crl-24514 451 56 13–15 13–15 NUM crl-24514 451 57 , , PUNCT crl-24514 451 58 figure figure NOUN crl-24514 451 59 4 4 NUM crl-24514 451 60 . . PUNCT crl-24514 451 61 https://doi.org/10.1353/pla.2016.0043 https://doi.org/10.1353/pla.2016.0043 NOUN crl-24514 452 1 https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3048994 https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=3048994 INTJ crl-24514 452 2 https://commons.emich.edu/loexquarterly/vol31/iss3/4/ https://commons.emich.edu/loexquarterly/vol31/iss3/4/ PROPN crl-24514 452 3 https://commons.emich.edu/loexquarterly/vol31/iss3/4/ https://commons.emich.edu/loexquarterly/vol31/iss3/4/ PROPN crl-24514 452 4 https://hapgood.us/2018/09/14/a-short-history-of-craap/ https://hapgood.us/2018/09/14/a-short-history-of-craap/ PROPN crl-24514 452 5 https://hapgood.us/2018/09/14/a-short-history-of-craap/ https://hapgood.us/2018/09/14/a-short-history-of-craap/ PROPN crl-24514 452 6 https://hapgood.us/2018/09/14/a-short-history-of-craap/2018 https://hapgood.us/2018/09/14/a-short-history-of-craap/2018 NOUN crl-24514 452 7 https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/after-trump-librarians-develop-new-fact-checking-system_us_58c071d3e4b0ed7182699786 https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/after-trump-librarians-develop-new-fact-checking-system_us_58c071d3e4b0ed7182699786 PROPN crl-24514 452 8 https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/after-trump-librarians-develop-new-fact-checking-system_us_58c071d3e4b0ed7182699786 https://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/after-trump-librarians-develop-new-fact-checking-system_us_58c071d3e4b0ed7182699786 PROPN crl-24514 452 9 http://kevinseeber.com/blog/wiretaps-and-craap http://kevinseeber.com/blog/wiretaps-and-craap PROPN crl-24514 452 10 http://kevinseeber.com/blog/wiretaps-and-craap http://kevinseeber.com/blog/wiretaps-and-craap PROPN crl-24514 452 11 https://doi.org/10.1080/09523980500116670 https://doi.org/10.1080/09523980500116670 NOUN crl-24514 452 12 https://doi.org/10.1080/09523980500116670 https://doi.org/10.1080/09523980500116670 X crl-24514 452 13 https://www.jstor.org/stable/27558571 https://www.jstor.org/stable/27558571 PROPN crl-24514 452 14 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0099-1333(96)90059-2 https://doi.org/10.1016/s0099-1333(96)90059-2 PROPN