id sid tid token lemma pos ital-2309 1 1 social social ADJ ital-2309 1 2 contexts context NOUN ital-2309 1 3 of of ADP ital-2309 1 4 new new ADJ ital-2309 1 5 media medium NOUN ital-2309 1 6 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 1 7 : : PUNCT ital-2309 1 8 mapping mapping NOUN ital-2309 1 9 libraries librarie VERB ital-2309 1 10 elizabeth elizabeth PROPN ital-2309 1 11 thorne thorne NOUN ital-2309 1 12 - - PUNCT ital-2309 1 13 wallington wallington NOUN ital-2309 1 14 information information NOUN ital-2309 1 15 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 1 16 and and CCONJ ital-2309 1 17 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 1 18 | | NOUN ital-2309 1 19 december december PROPN ital-2309 1 20 2013 2013 NUM ital-2309 1 21 53 53 NUM ital-2309 1 22 abstract abstract ADJ ital-2309 1 23 this this DET ital-2309 1 24 paper paper NOUN ital-2309 1 25 examines examine VERB ital-2309 1 26 the the DET ital-2309 1 27 issue issue NOUN ital-2309 1 28 of of ADP ital-2309 1 29 universal universal ADJ ital-2309 1 30 library library NOUN ital-2309 1 31 access access NOUN ital-2309 1 32 by by ADP ital-2309 1 33 conducting conduct VERB ital-2309 1 34 a a DET ital-2309 1 35 geospatial geospatial ADJ ital-2309 1 36 analysis analysis NOUN ital-2309 1 37 of of ADP ital-2309 1 38 library library NOUN ital-2309 1 39 location location NOUN ital-2309 1 40 and and CCONJ ital-2309 1 41 certain certain ADJ ital-2309 1 42 socioeconomic socioeconomic ADJ ital-2309 1 43 factors factor NOUN ital-2309 1 44 in in ADP ital-2309 1 45 the the DET ital-2309 1 46 st st PROPN ital-2309 1 47 . . PROPN ital-2309 1 48 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 1 49 , , PUNCT ital-2309 1 50 missouri missouri PROPN ital-2309 1 51 , , PUNCT ital-2309 1 52 metropolitan metropolitan ADJ ital-2309 1 53 area area NOUN ital-2309 1 54 . . PUNCT ital-2309 2 1 framed frame VERB ital-2309 2 2 around around ADP ital-2309 2 3 the the DET ital-2309 2 4 issue issue NOUN ital-2309 2 5 of of ADP ital-2309 2 6 universal universal ADJ ital-2309 2 7 access access NOUN ital-2309 2 8 to to ADP ital-2309 2 9 internet internet NOUN ital-2309 2 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 2 11 computers computer NOUN ital-2309 2 12 , , PUNCT ital-2309 2 13 and and CCONJ ital-2309 2 14 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 2 15 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 2 16 ict ict NOUN ital-2309 2 17 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 2 18 for for ADP ital-2309 2 19 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 2 20 natives native NOUN ital-2309 2 21 , , PUNCT ital-2309 2 22 this this DET ital-2309 2 23 paper paper NOUN ital-2309 2 24 demonstrates demonstrate VERB ital-2309 2 25 patterns pattern NOUN ital-2309 2 26 of of ADP ital-2309 2 27 library library NOUN ital-2309 2 28 location location NOUN ital-2309 2 29 related relate VERB ital-2309 2 30 to to ADP ital-2309 2 31 race race NOUN ital-2309 2 32 and and CCONJ ital-2309 2 33 income income NOUN ital-2309 2 34 . . PUNCT ital-2309 3 1 this this DET ital-2309 3 2 research research NOUN ital-2309 3 3 then then ADV ital-2309 3 4 raises raise VERB ital-2309 3 5 important important ADJ ital-2309 3 6 questions question NOUN ital-2309 3 7 about about ADP ital-2309 3 8 library library NOUN ital-2309 3 9 location location NOUN ital-2309 3 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 3 11 and and CCONJ ital-2309 3 12 , , PUNCT ital-2309 3 13 in in ADP ital-2309 3 14 turn turn NOUN ital-2309 3 15 , , PUNCT ital-2309 3 16 how how SCONJ ital-2309 3 17 this this PRON ital-2309 3 18 impacts impact VERB ital-2309 3 19 access access NOUN ital-2309 3 20 to to ADP ital-2309 3 21 ict ict NOUN ital-2309 3 22 for for ADP ital-2309 3 23 young young ADJ ital-2309 3 24 people people NOUN ital-2309 3 25 in in ADP ital-2309 3 26 the the DET ital-2309 3 27 community community NOUN ital-2309 3 28 . . PUNCT ital-2309 4 1 objectives objective NOUN ital-2309 4 2 and and CCONJ ital-2309 4 3 purpose purpose VERB ital-2309 4 4 the the DET ital-2309 4 5 development development NOUN ital-2309 4 6 and and CCONJ ital-2309 4 7 diffusion diffusion NOUN ital-2309 4 8 of of ADP ital-2309 4 9 new new ADJ ital-2309 4 10 media medium NOUN ital-2309 4 11 and and CCONJ ital-2309 4 12 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 4 13 technologies technology NOUN ital-2309 4 14 has have AUX ital-2309 4 15 profoundly profoundly ADV ital-2309 4 16 affected affect VERB ital-2309 4 17 the the DET ital-2309 4 18 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 4 19 experiences experience NOUN ital-2309 4 20 of of ADP ital-2309 4 21 today today NOUN ital-2309 4 22 ’s ’s PART ital-2309 4 23 youth.1 youth.1 PROPN ital-2309 4 24 young young ADJ ital-2309 4 25 people people NOUN ital-2309 4 26 today today NOUN ital-2309 4 27 develop develop VERB ital-2309 4 28 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 4 29 through through ADP ital-2309 4 30 a a DET ital-2309 4 31 variety variety NOUN ital-2309 4 32 of of ADP ital-2309 4 33 new new ADJ ital-2309 4 34 media medium NOUN ital-2309 4 35 and and CCONJ ital-2309 4 36 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 4 37 technologies.2 technologies.2 PROPN ital-2309 4 38 the the DET ital-2309 4 39 dissemination dissemination NOUN ital-2309 4 40 of of ADP ital-2309 4 41 these these DET ital-2309 4 42 resources resource NOUN ital-2309 4 43 has have AUX ital-2309 4 44 also also ADV ital-2309 4 45 allowed allow VERB ital-2309 4 46 for for SCONJ ital-2309 4 47 youth youth NOUN ital-2309 4 48 to to PART ital-2309 4 49 have have VERB ital-2309 4 50 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 4 51 - - PUNCT ital-2309 4 52 rich rich ADJ ital-2309 4 53 experiences experience NOUN ital-2309 4 54 in in ADP ital-2309 4 55 an an DET ital-2309 4 56 array array NOUN ital-2309 4 57 of of ADP ital-2309 4 58 different different ADJ ital-2309 4 59 settings setting NOUN ital-2309 4 60 . . PUNCT ital-2309 5 1 ernest ernest PROPN ital-2309 5 2 morrell morrell PROPN ital-2309 5 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 5 4 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 5 5 researcher researcher NOUN ital-2309 5 6 , , PUNCT ital-2309 5 7 writes write VERB ital-2309 5 8 , , PUNCT ital-2309 5 9 as as ADP ital-2309 5 10 english english ADJ ital-2309 5 11 educators educator NOUN ital-2309 5 12 , , PUNCT ital-2309 5 13 we we PRON ital-2309 5 14 have have VERB ital-2309 5 15 a a DET ital-2309 5 16 major major ADJ ital-2309 5 17 responsibility responsibility NOUN ital-2309 5 18 to to PART ital-2309 5 19 help help VERB ital-2309 5 20 future future ADJ ital-2309 5 21 english english ADJ ital-2309 5 22 teachers teacher NOUN ital-2309 5 23 to to PART ital-2309 5 24 redefine redefine VERB ital-2309 5 25 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 5 26 instruction instruction NOUN ital-2309 5 27 in in ADP ital-2309 5 28 a a DET ital-2309 5 29 manner manner NOUN ital-2309 5 30 that that PRON ital-2309 5 31 is be AUX ital-2309 5 32 culturally culturally ADV ital-2309 5 33 and and CCONJ ital-2309 5 34 socially socially ADV ital-2309 5 35 relevant relevant ADJ ital-2309 5 36 , , PUNCT ital-2309 5 37 empowering empowering NOUN ital-2309 5 38 , , PUNCT ital-2309 5 39 and and CCONJ ital-2309 5 40 meaningful meaningful ADJ ital-2309 5 41 to to ADP ital-2309 5 42 students student NOUN ital-2309 5 43 who who PRON ital-2309 5 44 must must AUX ital-2309 5 45 navigate navigate VERB ital-2309 5 46 a a DET ital-2309 5 47 diverse diverse ADJ ital-2309 5 48 and and CCONJ ital-2309 5 49 rapidly rapidly ADV ital-2309 5 50 changing change VERB ital-2309 5 51 world.3 world.3 NOUN ital-2309 5 52 this this DET ital-2309 5 53 paper paper NOUN ital-2309 5 54 will will AUX ital-2309 5 55 explore explore VERB ital-2309 5 56 how how SCONJ ital-2309 5 57 mapping mapping NOUN ital-2309 5 58 and and CCONJ ital-2309 5 59 geographic geographic ADJ ital-2309 5 60 information information NOUN ital-2309 5 61 systems system NOUN ital-2309 5 62 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 5 63 gis gis NOUN ital-2309 5 64 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 5 65 can can AUX ital-2309 5 66 help help VERB ital-2309 5 67 illuminate illuminate VERB ital-2309 5 68 the the DET ital-2309 5 69 cultural cultural ADJ ital-2309 5 70 and and CCONJ ital-2309 5 71 social social ADJ ital-2309 5 72 factors factor NOUN ital-2309 5 73 related relate VERB ital-2309 5 74 to to ADP ital-2309 5 75 how how SCONJ ital-2309 5 76 and and CCONJ ital-2309 5 77 where where SCONJ ital-2309 5 78 students student NOUN ital-2309 5 79 access access VERB ital-2309 5 80 and and CCONJ ital-2309 5 81 use use VERB ital-2309 5 82 new new ADJ ital-2309 5 83 media medium NOUN ital-2309 5 84 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 5 85 and and CCONJ ital-2309 5 86 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 5 87 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 5 88 . . PUNCT ital-2309 6 1 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 6 2 play play VERB ital-2309 6 3 an an DET ital-2309 6 4 important important ADJ ital-2309 6 5 role role NOUN ital-2309 6 6 in in ADP ital-2309 6 7 encouraging encourage VERB ital-2309 6 8 new new ADJ ital-2309 6 9 media medium NOUN ital-2309 6 10 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 6 11 development;4 development;4 VERB ital-2309 6 12 yet yet CCONJ ital-2309 6 13 access access NOUN ital-2309 6 14 to to ADP ital-2309 6 15 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 6 16 must must AUX ital-2309 6 17 be be AUX ital-2309 6 18 understood understand VERB ital-2309 6 19 through through ADP ital-2309 6 20 social social ADJ ital-2309 6 21 and and CCONJ ital-2309 6 22 cultural cultural ADJ ital-2309 6 23 contexts context NOUN ital-2309 6 24 . . PUNCT ital-2309 7 1 the the DET ital-2309 7 2 objective objective NOUN ital-2309 7 3 of of ADP ital-2309 7 4 this this DET ital-2309 7 5 paper paper NOUN ital-2309 7 6 is be AUX ital-2309 7 7 to to PART ital-2309 7 8 demonstrate demonstrate VERB ital-2309 7 9 how how SCONJ ital-2309 7 10 mapping mapping NOUN ital-2309 7 11 and and CCONJ ital-2309 7 12 gis gis NOUN ital-2309 7 13 can can AUX ital-2309 7 14 be be AUX ital-2309 7 15 used use VERB ital-2309 7 16 to to PART ital-2309 7 17 provide provide VERB ital-2309 7 18 rigorous rigorous ADJ ital-2309 7 19 analysis analysis NOUN ital-2309 7 20 of of ADP ital-2309 7 21 how how SCONJ ital-2309 7 22 library library NOUN ital-2309 7 23 location location NOUN ital-2309 7 24 in in ADP ital-2309 7 25 st st PROPN ital-2309 7 26 . . PROPN ital-2309 7 27 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 7 28 , , PUNCT ital-2309 7 29 missouri missouri PROPN ital-2309 7 30 , , PUNCT ital-2309 7 31 is be AUX ital-2309 7 32 correlated correlate VERB ital-2309 7 33 with with ADP ital-2309 7 34 socioeconomic socioeconomic ADJ ital-2309 7 35 factors factor NOUN ital-2309 7 36 defined define VERB ital-2309 7 37 by by ADP ital-2309 7 38 the the DET ital-2309 7 39 us us PROPN ital-2309 7 40 census census NOUN ital-2309 7 41 including include VERB ital-2309 7 42 median median ADJ ital-2309 7 43 household household NOUN ital-2309 7 44 income income NOUN ital-2309 7 45 and and CCONJ ital-2309 7 46 race race NOUN ital-2309 7 47 . . PUNCT ital-2309 8 1 by by ADP ital-2309 8 2 using use VERB ital-2309 8 3 gis gis NOUN ital-2309 8 4 , , PUNCT ital-2309 8 5 the the DET ital-2309 8 6 role role NOUN ital-2309 8 7 of of ADP ital-2309 8 8 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 8 9 in in ADP ital-2309 8 10 providing provide VERB ital-2309 8 11 universal universal ADJ ital-2309 8 12 access access NOUN ital-2309 8 13 to to ADP ital-2309 8 14 new new ADJ ital-2309 8 15 media medium NOUN ital-2309 8 16 resources resource NOUN ital-2309 8 17 can can AUX ital-2309 8 18 be be AUX ital-2309 8 19 displayed display VERB ital-2309 8 20 statistically statistically ADV ital-2309 8 21 , , PUNCT ital-2309 8 22 both both PRON ital-2309 8 23 challenging challenging ADJ ital-2309 8 24 and and CCONJ ital-2309 8 25 confirming confirm VERB ital-2309 8 26 previously previously ADV ital-2309 8 27 held hold VERB ital-2309 8 28 beliefs belief NOUN ital-2309 8 29 about about ADP ital-2309 8 30 library library NOUN ital-2309 8 31 access access NOUN ital-2309 8 32 . . PUNCT ital-2309 9 1 this this DET ital-2309 9 2 analysis analysis NOUN ital-2309 9 3 raises raise VERB ital-2309 9 4 new new ADJ ital-2309 9 5 questions question NOUN ital-2309 9 6 about about ADP ital-2309 9 7 how how SCONJ ital-2309 9 8 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 9 9 are be AUX ital-2309 9 10 distributed distribute VERB ital-2309 9 11 across across ADP ital-2309 9 12 the the DET ital-2309 9 13 st st PROPN ital-2309 9 14 . . PROPN ital-2309 9 15 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 9 16 area area NOUN ital-2309 9 17 and and CCONJ ital-2309 9 18 whether whether SCONJ ital-2309 9 19 they they PRON ital-2309 9 20 truly truly ADV ital-2309 9 21 provide provide VERB ital-2309 9 22 universal universal ADJ ital-2309 9 23 and and CCONJ ital-2309 9 24 equal equal ADJ ital-2309 9 25 access access NOUN ital-2309 9 26 . . PUNCT ital-2309 10 1 elizabeth elizabeth PROPN ital-2309 10 2 thorne thorne PROPN ital-2309 10 3 - - PUNCT ital-2309 10 4 wallington wallington PROPN ital-2309 10 5 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 10 6 ethornew@wustl.edu ethornew@wustl.edu PROPN ital-2309 10 7 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 10 8 is be AUX ital-2309 10 9 a a DET ital-2309 10 10 doctoral doctoral ADJ ital-2309 10 11 student student NOUN ital-2309 10 12 in in ADP ital-2309 10 13 the the DET ital-2309 10 14 department department NOUN ital-2309 10 15 of of ADP ital-2309 10 16 education education NOUN ital-2309 10 17 at at ADP ital-2309 10 18 washington washington PROPN ital-2309 10 19 university university PROPN ital-2309 10 20 in in ADP ital-2309 10 21 st st PROPN ital-2309 10 22 . . PROPN ital-2309 10 23 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 10 24 . . PUNCT ital-2309 11 1 mailto:ethornew@wustl.edu mailto:ethornew@wustl.edu PROPN ital-2309 11 2 information information NOUN ital-2309 11 3 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 11 4 and and CCONJ ital-2309 11 5 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 11 6 | | NOUN ital-2309 11 7 december december PROPN ital-2309 11 8 2013 2013 NUM ital-2309 11 9 54 54 NUM ital-2309 11 10 literature literature NOUN ital-2309 11 11 review review NOUN ital-2309 11 12 advances advance NOUN ital-2309 11 13 in in ADP ital-2309 11 14 technologies technology NOUN ital-2309 11 15 are be AUX ital-2309 11 16 transforming transform VERB ital-2309 11 17 the the DET ital-2309 11 18 very very ADJ ital-2309 11 19 meaning meaning NOUN ital-2309 11 20 of of ADP ital-2309 11 21 literacy.5 literacy.5 PROPN ital-2309 11 22 traditionally traditionally ADV ital-2309 11 23 , , PUNCT ital-2309 11 24 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 11 25 has have AUX ital-2309 11 26 been be AUX ital-2309 11 27 defined define VERB ital-2309 11 28 as as ADP ital-2309 11 29 the the DET ital-2309 11 30 ability ability NOUN ital-2309 11 31 to to PART ital-2309 11 32 understand understand VERB ital-2309 11 33 and and CCONJ ital-2309 11 34 make make VERB ital-2309 11 35 meaning meaning NOUN ital-2309 11 36 of of ADP ital-2309 11 37 a a DET ital-2309 11 38 given give VERB ital-2309 11 39 text.6 text.6 ADV ital-2309 11 40 the the DET ital-2309 11 41 changing change VERB ital-2309 11 42 global global ADJ ital-2309 11 43 economy economy NOUN ital-2309 11 44 requires require VERB ital-2309 11 45 a a DET ital-2309 11 46 variety variety NOUN ital-2309 11 47 of of ADP ital-2309 11 48 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 11 49 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 11 50 , , PUNCT ital-2309 11 51 which which PRON ital-2309 11 52 schools school NOUN ital-2309 11 53 do do AUX ital-2309 11 54 not not PART ital-2309 11 55 provide.7 provide.7 VERB ital-2309 11 56 instead instead ADV ital-2309 11 57 , , PUNCT ital-2309 11 58 young young ADJ ital-2309 11 59 people people NOUN ital-2309 11 60 acquire acquire VERB ital-2309 11 61 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 11 62 through through ADP ital-2309 11 63 a a DET ital-2309 11 64 multitude multitude NOUN ital-2309 11 65 of of ADP ital-2309 11 66 inand inand ADJ ital-2309 11 67 out out ADP ital-2309 11 68 - - PUNCT ital-2309 11 69 of of ADP ital-2309 11 70 - - PUNCT ital-2309 11 71 school school NOUN ital-2309 11 72 experiences experience NOUN ital-2309 11 73 with with ADP ital-2309 11 74 new new ADJ ital-2309 11 75 media medium NOUN ital-2309 11 76 and and CCONJ ital-2309 11 77 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 11 78 technology.8 technology.8 PROPN ital-2309 11 79 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 11 80 play play VERB ital-2309 11 81 a a DET ital-2309 11 82 vital vital ADJ ital-2309 11 83 role role NOUN ital-2309 11 84 in in ADP ital-2309 11 85 supporting support VERB ital-2309 11 86 new new ADJ ital-2309 11 87 media medium NOUN ital-2309 11 88 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 11 89 by by ADP ital-2309 11 90 offering offer VERB ital-2309 11 91 out out ADP ital-2309 11 92 - - PUNCT ital-2309 11 93 of of ADP ital-2309 11 94 - - PUNCT ital-2309 11 95 school school NOUN ital-2309 11 96 access access NOUN ital-2309 11 97 and and CCONJ ital-2309 11 98 experiences experience NOUN ital-2309 11 99 . . PUNCT ital-2309 12 1 to to PART ital-2309 12 2 understand understand VERB ital-2309 12 3 the the DET ital-2309 12 4 role role NOUN ital-2309 12 5 that that PRON ital-2309 12 6 libraries librarie VERB ital-2309 12 7 play play VERB ital-2309 12 8 in in ADP ital-2309 12 9 offering offer VERB ital-2309 12 10 access access NOUN ital-2309 12 11 to to ADP ital-2309 12 12 new new ADJ ital-2309 12 13 media medium NOUN ital-2309 12 14 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 12 15 technologies technology NOUN ital-2309 12 16 , , PUNCT ital-2309 12 17 a a DET ital-2309 12 18 few few ADJ ital-2309 12 19 key key ADJ ital-2309 12 20 concepts concept NOUN ital-2309 12 21 must must AUX ital-2309 12 22 be be AUX ital-2309 12 23 defined define VERB ital-2309 12 24 . . PUNCT ital-2309 13 1 first first ADV ital-2309 13 2 is be AUX ital-2309 13 3 the the DET ital-2309 13 4 concept concept NOUN ital-2309 13 5 of of ADP ital-2309 13 6 the the DET ital-2309 13 7 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 13 8 native native NOUN ital-2309 13 9 . . PUNCT ital-2309 14 1 those those PRON ital-2309 14 2 born bear VERB ital-2309 14 3 around around ADP ital-2309 14 4 1980 1980 NUM ital-2309 14 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 14 6 who who PRON ital-2309 14 7 have have AUX ital-2309 14 8 essentially essentially ADV ital-2309 14 9 grown grow VERB ital-2309 14 10 up up ADP ital-2309 14 11 with with ADP ital-2309 14 12 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 14 13 , , PUNCT ital-2309 14 14 are be AUX ital-2309 14 15 known know VERB ital-2309 14 16 as as SCONJ ital-2309 14 17 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 14 18 natives.9 natives.9 PROPN ital-2309 14 19 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 14 20 natives native NOUN ital-2309 14 21 are be AUX ital-2309 14 22 expected expect VERB ital-2309 14 23 to to PART ital-2309 14 24 have have VERB ital-2309 14 25 a a DET ital-2309 14 26 base base ADJ ital-2309 14 27 knowledge knowledge NOUN ital-2309 14 28 of of ADP ital-2309 14 29 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 14 30 and and CCONJ ital-2309 14 31 to to PART ital-2309 14 32 be be AUX ital-2309 14 33 able able ADJ ital-2309 14 34 to to PART ital-2309 14 35 pick pick VERB ital-2309 14 36 up up ADP ital-2309 14 37 and and CCONJ ital-2309 14 38 learn learn VERB ital-2309 14 39 new new ADJ ital-2309 14 40 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 14 41 quickly quickly ADV ital-2309 14 42 because because SCONJ ital-2309 14 43 of of ADP ital-2309 14 44 that that DET ital-2309 14 45 base base NOUN ital-2309 14 46 knowledge knowledge NOUN ital-2309 14 47 . . PUNCT ital-2309 15 1 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 15 2 natives native NOUN ital-2309 15 3 have have AUX ital-2309 15 4 been be AUX ital-2309 15 5 exposed expose VERB ital-2309 15 6 to to ADP ital-2309 15 7 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 15 8 from from ADP ital-2309 15 9 a a DET ital-2309 15 10 young young ADJ ital-2309 15 11 age age NOUN ital-2309 15 12 and and CCONJ ital-2309 15 13 are be AUX ital-2309 15 14 adept adept ADJ ital-2309 15 15 at at ADP ital-2309 15 16 using use VERB ital-2309 15 17 a a DET ital-2309 15 18 variety variety NOUN ital-2309 15 19 of of ADP ital-2309 15 20 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 15 21 technologies technology NOUN ital-2309 15 22 . . PUNCT ital-2309 16 1 the the DET ital-2309 16 2 suggestion suggestion NOUN ital-2309 16 3 is be AUX ital-2309 16 4 that that SCONJ ital-2309 16 5 young young ADJ ital-2309 16 6 people people NOUN ital-2309 16 7 can can AUX ital-2309 16 8 quickly quickly ADV ital-2309 16 9 learn learn VERB ital-2309 16 10 to to PART ital-2309 16 11 make make VERB ital-2309 16 12 use use NOUN ital-2309 16 13 of of ADP ital-2309 16 14 the the DET ital-2309 16 15 new new ADJ ital-2309 16 16 media medium NOUN ital-2309 16 17 and and CCONJ ital-2309 16 18 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 16 19 available available ADJ ital-2309 16 20 in in ADP ital-2309 16 21 a a DET ital-2309 16 22 specific specific ADJ ital-2309 16 23 location location NOUN ital-2309 16 24 . . PUNCT ital-2309 17 1 key key ADJ ital-2309 17 2 to to ADP ital-2309 17 3 any any DET ital-2309 17 4 discussion discussion NOUN ital-2309 17 5 of of ADP ital-2309 17 6 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 17 7 natives native NOUN ital-2309 17 8 is be AUX ital-2309 17 9 the the DET ital-2309 17 10 concept concept NOUN ital-2309 17 11 of of ADP ital-2309 17 12 the the DET ital-2309 17 13 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 17 14 divide divide NOUN ital-2309 17 15 . . PUNCT ital-2309 18 1 the the DET ital-2309 18 2 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 18 3 divide divide NOUN ital-2309 18 4 has have AUX ital-2309 18 5 been be AUX ital-2309 18 6 a a DET ital-2309 18 7 central central ADJ ital-2309 18 8 issue issue NOUN ital-2309 18 9 of of ADP ital-2309 18 10 education education NOUN ital-2309 18 11 policy policy NOUN ital-2309 18 12 since since SCONJ ital-2309 18 13 the the DET ital-2309 18 14 mid-1990s.10 mid-1990s.10 ADJ ital-2309 18 15 early early ADJ ital-2309 18 16 work work NOUN ital-2309 18 17 on on ADP ital-2309 18 18 the the DET ital-2309 18 19 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 18 20 divide divide NOUN ital-2309 18 21 was be AUX ital-2309 18 22 concerned concern VERB ital-2309 18 23 primarily primarily ADV ital-2309 18 24 with with ADP ital-2309 18 25 equal equal ADJ ital-2309 18 26 access.11 access.11 ADV ital-2309 18 27 more more ADV ital-2309 18 28 recently recently ADV ital-2309 18 29 , , PUNCT ital-2309 18 30 however however ADV ital-2309 18 31 , , PUNCT ital-2309 18 32 the the DET ital-2309 18 33 idea idea NOUN ital-2309 18 34 of of ADP ital-2309 18 35 a a DET ital-2309 18 36 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 18 37 binary binary ADJ ital-2309 18 38 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 18 39 divide divide NOUN ital-2309 18 40 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 18 41 has have AUX ital-2309 18 42 been be AUX ital-2309 18 43 replaced replace VERB ital-2309 18 44 by by ADP ital-2309 18 45 studies study NOUN ital-2309 18 46 focusing focus VERB ital-2309 18 47 on on ADP ital-2309 18 48 a a DET ital-2309 18 49 multidimensional multidimensional ADJ ital-2309 18 50 view view NOUN ital-2309 18 51 of of ADP ital-2309 18 52 the the DET ital-2309 18 53 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 18 54 divide.12 divide.12 NOUN ital-2309 18 55 hargattai hargattai PROPN ital-2309 18 56 asserts assert VERB ital-2309 18 57 that that SCONJ ital-2309 18 58 even even ADV ital-2309 18 59 among among ADP ital-2309 18 60 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 18 61 natives native NOUN ital-2309 18 62 , , PUNCT ital-2309 18 63 there there PRON ital-2309 18 64 are be VERB ital-2309 18 65 large large ADJ ital-2309 18 66 variations variation NOUN ital-2309 18 67 in in ADP ital-2309 18 68 internet internet NOUN ital-2309 18 69 skills skill NOUN ital-2309 18 70 and and CCONJ ital-2309 18 71 uses use NOUN ital-2309 18 72 correlated correlate VERB ital-2309 18 73 with with ADP ital-2309 18 74 socioeconomic socioeconomic ADJ ital-2309 18 75 status status NOUN ital-2309 18 76 , , PUNCT ital-2309 18 77 race race NOUN ital-2309 18 78 , , PUNCT ital-2309 18 79 and and CCONJ ital-2309 18 80 gender.13 gender.13 VERB ital-2309 18 81 these these DET ital-2309 18 82 variations variation NOUN ital-2309 18 83 call call VERB ital-2309 18 84 for for ADP ital-2309 18 85 a a DET ital-2309 18 86 nuanced nuanced ADJ ital-2309 18 87 study study NOUN ital-2309 18 88 examining examine VERB ital-2309 18 89 social social ADJ ital-2309 18 90 and and CCONJ ital-2309 18 91 cultural cultural ADJ ital-2309 18 92 factors factor NOUN ital-2309 18 93 associated associate VERB ital-2309 18 94 with with ADP ital-2309 18 95 new new ADJ ital-2309 18 96 media medium NOUN ital-2309 18 97 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 18 98 , , PUNCT ital-2309 18 99 including include VERB ital-2309 18 100 out out ADP ital-2309 18 101 - - PUNCT ital-2309 18 102 ofschool ofschool NOUN ital-2309 18 103 contexts context NOUN ital-2309 18 104 . . PUNCT ital-2309 19 1 the the DET ital-2309 19 2 concept concept NOUN ital-2309 19 3 of of ADP ital-2309 19 4 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 19 5 and and CCONJ ital-2309 19 6 learning learn VERB ital-2309 19 7 in in ADP ital-2309 19 8 out out ADP ital-2309 19 9 - - PUNCT ital-2309 19 10 of of ADP ital-2309 19 11 - - PUNCT ital-2309 19 12 school school NOUN ital-2309 19 13 contexts contexts NOUN ital-2309 19 14 has have VERB ital-2309 19 15 a a DET ital-2309 19 16 strong strong ADJ ital-2309 19 17 historical historical ADJ ital-2309 19 18 context context NOUN ital-2309 19 19 . . PUNCT ital-2309 20 1 hull hull NOUN ital-2309 20 2 and and CCONJ ital-2309 20 3 schultz schultz PROPN ital-2309 20 4 provide provide VERB ital-2309 20 5 a a DET ital-2309 20 6 review review NOUN ital-2309 20 7 of of ADP ital-2309 20 8 the the DET ital-2309 20 9 theory theory NOUN ital-2309 20 10 and and CCONJ ital-2309 20 11 research research NOUN ital-2309 20 12 on on ADP ital-2309 20 13 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 20 14 in in ADP ital-2309 20 15 out out ADP ital-2309 20 16 - - PUNCT ital-2309 20 17 of of ADP ital-2309 20 18 - - PUNCT ital-2309 20 19 school school NOUN ital-2309 20 20 settings.14 settings.14 NOUN ital-2309 20 21 a a DET ital-2309 20 22 variety variety NOUN ital-2309 20 23 of of ADP ital-2309 20 24 studies study NOUN ital-2309 20 25 , , PUNCT ital-2309 20 26 including include VERB ital-2309 20 27 self self NOUN ital-2309 20 28 - - PUNCT ital-2309 20 29 guided guide VERB ital-2309 20 30 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 20 31 activities activity NOUN ital-2309 20 32 , , PUNCT ital-2309 20 33 after after ADP ital-2309 20 34 - - PUNCT ital-2309 20 35 school school NOUN ital-2309 20 36 programs program NOUN ital-2309 20 37 , , PUNCT ital-2309 20 38 and and CCONJ ital-2309 20 39 reading reading NOUN ital-2309 20 40 programs program NOUN ital-2309 20 41 were be AUX ital-2309 20 42 reviewed review VERB ital-2309 20 43 , , PUNCT ital-2309 20 44 and and CCONJ ital-2309 20 45 the the DET ital-2309 20 46 significance significance NOUN ital-2309 20 47 of of ADP ital-2309 20 48 out out ADP ital-2309 20 49 - - PUNCT ital-2309 20 50 of of ADP ital-2309 20 51 - - PUNCT ital-2309 20 52 school school NOUN ital-2309 20 53 learning learning NOUN ital-2309 20 54 opportunities opportunity NOUN ital-2309 20 55 was be AUX ital-2309 20 56 supported support VERB ital-2309 20 57 by by ADP ital-2309 20 58 these these DET ital-2309 20 59 studies study NOUN ital-2309 20 60 . . PUNCT ital-2309 21 1 importantly importantly ADV ital-2309 21 2 for for ADP ital-2309 21 3 the the DET ital-2309 21 4 research research NOUN ital-2309 21 5 here here ADV ital-2309 21 6 , , PUNCT ital-2309 21 7 research research NOUN ital-2309 21 8 has have AUX ital-2309 21 9 also also ADV ital-2309 21 10 been be AUX ital-2309 21 11 done do VERB ital-2309 21 12 on on ADP ital-2309 21 13 the the DET ital-2309 21 14 use use NOUN ital-2309 21 15 of of ADP ital-2309 21 16 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 21 17 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 21 18 in in ADP ital-2309 21 19 out out ADP ital-2309 21 20 - - PUNCT ital-2309 21 21 of of ADP ital-2309 21 22 - - PUNCT ital-2309 21 23 school school NOUN ital-2309 21 24 settings setting NOUN ital-2309 21 25 . . PUNCT ital-2309 22 1 lankshear lankshear PROPN ital-2309 22 2 and and CCONJ ital-2309 22 3 knobel knobel PROPN ital-2309 22 4 examine examine VERB ital-2309 22 5 out out ADP ital-2309 22 6 - - PUNCT ital-2309 22 7 of of ADP ital-2309 22 8 - - PUNCT ital-2309 22 9 school school NOUN ital-2309 22 10 practices practice NOUN ital-2309 22 11 extensively extensively ADV ital-2309 22 12 with with ADP ital-2309 22 13 their their PRON ital-2309 22 14 work work NOUN ital-2309 22 15 on on ADP ital-2309 22 16 new new ADJ ital-2309 22 17 literacies.15 literacies.15 NOUN ital-2309 22 18 lankshear lankshear NOUN ital-2309 22 19 and and CCONJ ital-2309 22 20 knobel knobel PROPN ital-2309 22 21 also also ADV ital-2309 22 22 make make VERB ital-2309 22 23 clear clear ADJ ital-2309 22 24 the the DET ital-2309 22 25 complexity complexity NOUN ital-2309 22 26 of of ADP ital-2309 22 27 out out ADP ital-2309 22 28 - - PUNCT ital-2309 22 29 of of ADP ital-2309 22 30 - - PUNCT ital-2309 22 31 school school NOUN ital-2309 22 32 experiences experience NOUN ital-2309 22 33 among among ADP ital-2309 22 34 young young ADJ ital-2309 22 35 people people NOUN ital-2309 22 36 . . PUNCT ital-2309 23 1 students student NOUN ital-2309 23 2 participate participate VERB ital-2309 23 3 in in ADP ital-2309 23 4 nontraditional nontraditional ADJ ital-2309 23 5 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 23 6 activities activity NOUN ital-2309 23 7 such such ADJ ital-2309 23 8 as as ADP ital-2309 23 9 blogging blogging NOUN ital-2309 23 10 and and CCONJ ital-2309 23 11 remix remix NOUN ital-2309 23 12 in in ADP ital-2309 23 13 a a DET ital-2309 23 14 variety variety NOUN ital-2309 23 15 of of ADP ital-2309 23 16 out out ADP ital-2309 23 17 - - PUNCT ital-2309 23 18 of of ADP ital-2309 23 19 - - PUNCT ital-2309 23 20 school school NOUN ital-2309 23 21 contexts context NOUN ital-2309 23 22 , , PUNCT ital-2309 23 23 from from ADP ital-2309 23 24 home home NOUN ital-2309 23 25 computers computer NOUN ital-2309 23 26 to to ADP ital-2309 23 27 community community NOUN ital-2309 23 28 - - PUNCT ital-2309 23 29 based base VERB ital-2309 23 30 organizations organization NOUN ital-2309 23 31 to to ADP ital-2309 23 32 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 23 33 . . PUNCT ital-2309 24 1 most most ADV ital-2309 24 2 importantly importantly ADV ital-2309 24 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 24 4 lankshear lankshear ADJ ital-2309 24 5 and and CCONJ ital-2309 24 6 knobel knobel PROPN ital-2309 24 7 found find VERB ital-2309 24 8 that that SCONJ ital-2309 24 9 the the DET ital-2309 24 10 students student NOUN ital-2309 24 11 did do AUX ital-2309 24 12 connect connect VERB ital-2309 24 13 what what PRON ital-2309 24 14 they they PRON ital-2309 24 15 learned learn VERB ital-2309 24 16 in in ADP ital-2309 24 17 the the DET ital-2309 24 18 classroom classroom NOUN ital-2309 24 19 with with ADP ital-2309 24 20 these these DET ital-2309 24 21 out out ADP ital-2309 24 22 - - PUNCT ital-2309 24 23 of of ADP ital-2309 24 24 - - PUNCT ital-2309 24 25 school school NOUN ital-2309 24 26 activities activity NOUN ital-2309 24 27 . . PUNCT ital-2309 25 1 the the DET ital-2309 25 2 connection connection NOUN ital-2309 25 3 between between ADP ital-2309 25 4 out out ADP ital-2309 25 5 - - PUNCT ital-2309 25 6 of of ADP ital-2309 25 7 - - PUNCT ital-2309 25 8 school school NOUN ital-2309 25 9 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 25 10 and and CCONJ ital-2309 25 11 in in ADP ital-2309 25 12 - - PUNCT ital-2309 25 13 school school NOUN ital-2309 25 14 learning learning NOUN ital-2309 25 15 has have AUX ital-2309 25 16 also also ADV ital-2309 25 17 been be AUX ital-2309 25 18 studied study VERB ital-2309 25 19 . . PUNCT ital-2309 26 1 education education NOUN ital-2309 26 2 policy policy NOUN ital-2309 26 3 researcher researcher NOUN ital-2309 26 4 allan allan PROPN ital-2309 26 5 luke luke PROPN ital-2309 26 6 writes write VERB ital-2309 26 7 , , PUNCT ital-2309 26 8 the the DET ital-2309 26 9 redefined redefined ADJ ital-2309 26 10 action action NOUN ital-2309 26 11 of of ADP ital-2309 26 12 governments government NOUN ital-2309 26 13 . . PUNCT ital-2309 26 14 . . PUNCT ital-2309 27 1 . . PUNCT ital-2309 28 1 is be AUX ital-2309 28 2 to to PART ital-2309 28 3 provide provide VERB ital-2309 28 4 access access NOUN ital-2309 28 5 to to ADP ital-2309 28 6 combinatory combinatory ADJ ital-2309 28 7 forms form NOUN ital-2309 28 8 of of ADP ital-2309 28 9 enabling enable VERB ital-2309 28 10 capital capital NOUN ital-2309 28 11 that that PRON ital-2309 28 12 enhance enhance VERB ital-2309 28 13 students student NOUN ital-2309 28 14 ’ ’ PART ital-2309 28 15 possibilities possibility NOUN ital-2309 28 16 of of ADP ital-2309 28 17 putting put VERB ital-2309 28 18 the the DET ital-2309 28 19 kinds kind NOUN ital-2309 28 20 of of ADP ital-2309 28 21 practices practice NOUN ital-2309 28 22 , , PUNCT ital-2309 28 23 texts text NOUN ital-2309 28 24 , , PUNCT ital-2309 28 25 and and CCONJ ital-2309 28 26 discourses discourse VERB ital-2309 28 27 social social ADJ ital-2309 28 28 contexts context NOUN ital-2309 28 29 of of ADP ital-2309 28 30 new new ADJ ital-2309 28 31 media medium NOUN ital-2309 28 32 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 28 33 : : PUNCT ital-2309 28 34 mapping mapping NOUN ital-2309 28 35 libraries| libraries| ADJ ital-2309 28 36 thorne thorne NOUN ital-2309 28 37 - - PUNCT ital-2309 28 38 wallington wallington NOUN ital-2309 28 39 55 55 NUM ital-2309 28 40 acquired acquire VERB ital-2309 28 41 in in ADP ital-2309 28 42 schools school NOUN ital-2309 28 43 to to PART ital-2309 28 44 work work VERB ital-2309 28 45 in in ADP ital-2309 28 46 consequential consequential ADJ ital-2309 28 47 ways way NOUN ital-2309 28 48 that that PRON ital-2309 28 49 enable enable VERB ital-2309 28 50 active active ADJ ital-2309 28 51 position position NOUN ital-2309 28 52 taking take VERB ital-2309 28 53 in in ADP ital-2309 28 54 social social ADJ ital-2309 28 55 fields.16 fields.16 PROPN ital-2309 28 56 collins collins PROPN ital-2309 28 57 writes write VERB ital-2309 28 58 about about ADP ital-2309 28 59 this this DET ital-2309 28 60 relationship relationship NOUN ital-2309 28 61 between between ADP ital-2309 28 62 inand inand ADJ ital-2309 28 63 out out ADP ital-2309 28 64 - - PUNCT ital-2309 28 65 of of ADP ital-2309 28 66 - - PUNCT ital-2309 28 67 school school NOUN ital-2309 28 68 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 28 69 . . PUNCT ital-2309 29 1 collins collins PROPN ital-2309 29 2 writes write VERB ital-2309 29 3 in in ADP ital-2309 29 4 her her PRON ital-2309 29 5 case case NOUN ital-2309 29 6 study study NOUN ital-2309 29 7 that that SCONJ ital-2309 29 8 there there PRON ital-2309 29 9 are be VERB ital-2309 29 10 a a DET ital-2309 29 11 variety variety NOUN ital-2309 29 12 of of ADP ital-2309 29 13 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 29 14 imports import NOUN ital-2309 29 15 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 29 16 and and CCONJ ital-2309 29 17 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 29 18 exports export NOUN ital-2309 29 19 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 29 20 in in ADP ital-2309 29 21 terms term NOUN ital-2309 29 22 of of ADP ital-2309 29 23 practices practice NOUN ital-2309 29 24 . . PUNCT ital-2309 30 1 that that PRON ital-2309 30 2 is be AUX ital-2309 30 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 30 4 skill skill NOUN ital-2309 30 5 transaction transaction NOUN ital-2309 30 6 works work VERB ital-2309 30 7 in in ADP ital-2309 30 8 both both DET ital-2309 30 9 directions direction NOUN ital-2309 30 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 30 11 with with ADP ital-2309 30 12 skills skill NOUN ital-2309 30 13 learned learn VERB ital-2309 30 14 out out ADP ital-2309 30 15 of of ADP ital-2309 30 16 school school NOUN ital-2309 30 17 used use VERB ital-2309 30 18 in in ADP ital-2309 30 19 school school NOUN ital-2309 30 20 , , PUNCT ital-2309 30 21 and and CCONJ ital-2309 30 22 skills skill NOUN ital-2309 30 23 learned learn VERB ital-2309 30 24 in in ADP ital-2309 30 25 school school NOUN ital-2309 30 26 used use VERB ital-2309 30 27 out out ADP ital-2309 30 28 of of ADP ital-2309 30 29 school.17 school.17 PROPN ital-2309 30 30 skerett skerett PROPN ital-2309 30 31 and and CCONJ ital-2309 30 32 bomer bomer NOUN ital-2309 30 33 make make VERB ital-2309 30 34 this this DET ital-2309 30 35 connection connection NOUN ital-2309 30 36 even even ADV ital-2309 30 37 more more ADV ital-2309 30 38 explicit explicit ADJ ital-2309 30 39 when when SCONJ ital-2309 30 40 looking look VERB ital-2309 30 41 at at ADP ital-2309 30 42 adolescent adolescent ADJ ital-2309 30 43 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 30 44 practices.18 practices.18 VERB ital-2309 30 45 their their PRON ital-2309 30 46 article article NOUN ital-2309 30 47 examines examine VERB ital-2309 30 48 how how SCONJ ital-2309 30 49 a a DET ital-2309 30 50 teacher teacher NOUN ital-2309 30 51 in in ADP ital-2309 30 52 an an DET ital-2309 30 53 urban urban ADJ ital-2309 30 54 classroom classroom NOUN ital-2309 30 55 drew draw VERB ital-2309 30 56 on on ADP ital-2309 30 57 her her PRON ital-2309 30 58 students student NOUN ital-2309 30 59 ’ ' PUNCT ital-2309 30 60 out out ADP ital-2309 30 61 - - PUNCT ital-2309 30 62 of of ADP ital-2309 30 63 - - PUNCT ital-2309 30 64 school school NOUN ital-2309 30 65 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 30 66 to to PART ital-2309 30 67 inform inform VERB ital-2309 30 68 teaching teaching NOUN ital-2309 30 69 and and CCONJ ital-2309 30 70 learning learn VERB ital-2309 30 71 in in ADP ital-2309 30 72 a a DET ital-2309 30 73 traditional traditional ADJ ital-2309 30 74 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 30 75 classroom classroom NOUN ital-2309 30 76 . . PUNCT ital-2309 31 1 the the DET ital-2309 31 2 authors author NOUN ital-2309 31 3 found find VERB ital-2309 31 4 that that SCONJ ital-2309 31 5 the the DET ital-2309 31 6 teacher teacher NOUN ital-2309 31 7 in in ADP ital-2309 31 8 their their PRON ital-2309 31 9 study study NOUN ital-2309 31 10 was be AUX ital-2309 31 11 able able ADJ ital-2309 31 12 to to PART ital-2309 31 13 create create VERB ital-2309 31 14 a a DET ital-2309 31 15 curriculum curriculum NOUN ital-2309 31 16 that that PRON ital-2309 31 17 engaged engage VERB ital-2309 31 18 students student NOUN ital-2309 31 19 by by ADP ital-2309 31 20 inviting invite VERB ital-2309 31 21 them they PRON ital-2309 31 22 to to PART ital-2309 31 23 use use VERB ital-2309 31 24 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 31 25 learned learn VERB ital-2309 31 26 in in ADP ital-2309 31 27 out out ADP ital-2309 31 28 - - PUNCT ital-2309 31 29 of of ADP ital-2309 31 30 - - PUNCT ital-2309 31 31 school school NOUN ital-2309 31 32 settings setting NOUN ital-2309 31 33 . . PUNCT ital-2309 32 1 however however ADV ital-2309 32 2 , , PUNCT ital-2309 32 3 the the DET ital-2309 32 4 authors author NOUN ital-2309 32 5 write write VERB ital-2309 32 6 that that SCONJ ital-2309 32 7 this this DET ital-2309 32 8 type type NOUN ital-2309 32 9 of of ADP ital-2309 32 10 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 32 11 study study NOUN ital-2309 32 12 was be AUX ital-2309 32 13 taxing tax VERB ital-2309 32 14 and and CCONJ ital-2309 32 15 time time NOUN ital-2309 32 16 - - PUNCT ital-2309 32 17 consuming consume VERB ital-2309 32 18 for for ADP ital-2309 32 19 both both CCONJ ital-2309 32 20 the the DET ital-2309 32 21 teacher teacher NOUN ital-2309 32 22 and and CCONJ ital-2309 32 23 the the DET ital-2309 32 24 student student NOUN ital-2309 32 25 . . PUNCT ital-2309 33 1 still still ADV ital-2309 33 2 , , PUNCT ital-2309 33 3 it it PRON ital-2309 33 4 is be AUX ital-2309 33 5 clear clear ADJ ital-2309 33 6 that that SCONJ ital-2309 33 7 connections connection NOUN ital-2309 33 8 between between ADP ital-2309 33 9 inand inand VERB ital-2309 33 10 out out ADP ital-2309 33 11 - - PUNCT ital-2309 33 12 of of ADP ital-2309 33 13 - - PUNCT ital-2309 33 14 school school NOUN ital-2309 33 15 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 33 16 can can AUX ital-2309 33 17 be be AUX ital-2309 33 18 made make VERB ital-2309 33 19 . . PUNCT ital-2309 34 1 the the DET ital-2309 34 2 role role NOUN ital-2309 34 3 libraries librarie VERB ital-2309 34 4 play play VERB ital-2309 34 5 in in ADP ital-2309 34 6 making make VERB ital-2309 34 7 this this DET ital-2309 34 8 connection connection NOUN ital-2309 34 9 has have AUX ital-2309 34 10 not not PART ital-2309 34 11 been be AUX ital-2309 34 12 studied study VERB ital-2309 34 13 as as ADV ital-2309 34 14 extensively extensively ADV ital-2309 34 15 . . PUNCT ital-2309 35 1 yet yet CCONJ ital-2309 35 2 it it PRON ital-2309 35 3 is be AUX ital-2309 35 4 clear clear ADJ ital-2309 35 5 that that SCONJ ital-2309 35 6 young young ADJ ital-2309 35 7 people people NOUN ital-2309 35 8 do do AUX ital-2309 35 9 use use VERB ital-2309 35 10 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 35 11 to to PART ital-2309 35 12 access access VERB ital-2309 35 13 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 35 14 . . PUNCT ital-2309 36 1 becker becker NOUN ital-2309 36 2 et et PROPN ital-2309 37 1 al al PROPN ital-2309 37 2 . . PROPN ital-2309 37 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 37 4 found find VERB ital-2309 37 5 that that SCONJ ital-2309 37 6 nearly nearly ADV ital-2309 37 7 half half NOUN ital-2309 37 8 of of ADP ital-2309 37 9 the the DET ital-2309 37 10 nation nation NOUN ital-2309 37 11 ’s ’s PART ital-2309 37 12 14 14 NUM ital-2309 37 13 to to PART ital-2309 37 14 18 18 NUM ital-2309 37 15 year year NOUN ital-2309 37 16 olds old NOUN ital-2309 37 17 had have AUX ital-2309 37 18 used use VERB ital-2309 37 19 a a DET ital-2309 37 20 library library NOUN ital-2309 37 21 computer computer NOUN ital-2309 37 22 within within ADP ital-2309 37 23 the the DET ital-2309 37 24 past past ADJ ital-2309 37 25 year year NOUN ital-2309 37 26 . . PUNCT ital-2309 38 1 becker becker NOUN ital-2309 38 2 et et PROPN ital-2309 38 3 al al PROPN ital-2309 38 4 . . PROPN ital-2309 38 5 additionally additionally ADV ital-2309 38 6 found find VERB ital-2309 38 7 that that SCONJ ital-2309 38 8 for for ADP ital-2309 38 9 poor poor ADJ ital-2309 38 10 children child NOUN ital-2309 38 11 and and CCONJ ital-2309 38 12 families family NOUN ital-2309 38 13 , , PUNCT ital-2309 38 14 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 38 15 are be AUX ital-2309 38 16 a a DET ital-2309 38 17 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 38 18 technological technological ADJ ital-2309 38 19 lifeline lifeline NOUN ital-2309 38 20 . . PUNCT ital-2309 38 21 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 39 1 among among ADP ital-2309 39 2 those those PRON ital-2309 39 3 below below ADP ital-2309 39 4 the the DET ital-2309 39 5 poverty poverty NOUN ital-2309 39 6 line line NOUN ital-2309 39 7 , , PUNCT ital-2309 39 8 61 61 NUM ital-2309 39 9 percent percent NOUN ital-2309 39 10 used use VERB ital-2309 39 11 public public ADJ ital-2309 39 12 library library NOUN ital-2309 39 13 computers computer NOUN ital-2309 39 14 and and CCONJ ital-2309 39 15 the the DET ital-2309 39 16 internet internet NOUN ital-2309 39 17 for for ADP ital-2309 39 18 educational educational ADJ ital-2309 39 19 purposes.19 purposes.19 NOUN ital-2309 39 20 tripp tripp PROPN ital-2309 39 21 writes write VERB ital-2309 39 22 that that SCONJ ital-2309 39 23 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 39 24 have have AUX ital-2309 39 25 long long ADV ital-2309 39 26 played play VERB ital-2309 39 27 an an DET ital-2309 39 28 important important ADJ ital-2309 39 29 role role NOUN ital-2309 39 30 in in ADP ital-2309 39 31 helping help VERB ital-2309 39 32 people people NOUN ital-2309 39 33 gain gain VERB ital-2309 39 34 access access NOUN ital-2309 39 35 to to ADP ital-2309 39 36 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 39 37 media medium NOUN ital-2309 39 38 tools tool NOUN ital-2309 39 39 , , PUNCT ital-2309 39 40 resources resource NOUN ital-2309 39 41 , , PUNCT ital-2309 39 42 and and CCONJ ital-2309 39 43 skills.20 skills.20 PROPN ital-2309 39 44 tripp tripp PROPN ital-2309 39 45 writes write VERB ital-2309 39 46 that that SCONJ ital-2309 39 47 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 39 48 should should AUX ital-2309 39 49 capitalize capitalize VERB ital-2309 39 50 on on ADP ital-2309 39 51 the the DET ital-2309 39 52 potential potential NOUN ital-2309 39 53 of of ADP ital-2309 39 54 new new ADJ ital-2309 39 55 media medium NOUN ital-2309 39 56 to to PART ital-2309 39 57 engage engage VERB ital-2309 39 58 young young ADJ ital-2309 39 59 people people NOUN ital-2309 39 60 . . PUNCT ital-2309 40 1 additionally additionally ADV ital-2309 40 2 , , PUNCT ital-2309 40 3 tripp tripp PROPN ital-2309 40 4 argues argue VERB ital-2309 40 5 that that SCONJ ital-2309 40 6 librarians librarian NOUN ital-2309 40 7 need need VERB ital-2309 40 8 to to PART ital-2309 40 9 develop develop VERB ital-2309 40 10 skills skill NOUN ital-2309 40 11 to to PART ital-2309 40 12 train train VERB ital-2309 40 13 young young ADJ ital-2309 40 14 people people NOUN ital-2309 40 15 to to PART ital-2309 40 16 use use VERB ital-2309 40 17 new new ADJ ital-2309 40 18 media medium NOUN ital-2309 40 19 . . PUNCT ital-2309 41 1 the the DET ital-2309 41 2 idea idea NOUN ital-2309 41 3 that that SCONJ ital-2309 41 4 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 41 5 are be AUX ital-2309 41 6 important important ADJ ital-2309 41 7 in in ADP ital-2309 41 8 meeting meet VERB ital-2309 41 9 the the DET ital-2309 41 10 need need NOUN ital-2309 41 11 is be AUX ital-2309 41 12 further far ADV ital-2309 41 13 supported support VERB ital-2309 41 14 by by ADP ital-2309 41 15 the the DET ital-2309 41 16 recent recent ADJ ital-2309 41 17 grants grant NOUN ital-2309 41 18 , , PUNCT ital-2309 41 19 totaling total VERB ital-2309 41 20 $ $ SYM ital-2309 41 21 1.2 1.2 NUM ital-2309 41 22 million million NUM ital-2309 41 23 , , PUNCT ital-2309 41 24 by by ADP ital-2309 41 25 the the DET ital-2309 41 26 john john PROPN ital-2309 41 27 d. d. PROPN ital-2309 41 28 and and CCONJ ital-2309 41 29 catherine catherine PROPN ital-2309 41 30 t. t. PROPN ital-2309 41 31 macarthur macarthur PROPN ital-2309 41 32 foundation foundation PROPN ital-2309 41 33 to to PART ital-2309 41 34 build build VERB ital-2309 41 35 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 41 36 innovative innovative ADJ ital-2309 41 37 learning learning NOUN ital-2309 41 38 labs lab NOUN ital-2309 41 39 for for ADP ital-2309 41 40 teens teen NOUN ital-2309 41 41 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 41 42 in in ADP ital-2309 41 43 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 41 44 . . PUNCT ital-2309 42 1 this this DET ital-2309 42 2 grant grant NOUN ital-2309 42 3 making making NOUN ital-2309 42 4 was be AUX ital-2309 42 5 a a DET ital-2309 42 6 response response NOUN ital-2309 42 7 to to ADP ital-2309 42 8 president president PROPN ital-2309 42 9 obama obama PROPN ital-2309 42 10 ’s ’s PART ital-2309 42 11 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 42 12 educate educate VERB ital-2309 42 13 to to PART ital-2309 42 14 innovate innovate VERB ital-2309 42 15 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 42 16 campaign campaign NOUN ital-2309 42 17 , , PUNCT ital-2309 42 18 a a DET ital-2309 42 19 nationwide nationwide ADJ ital-2309 42 20 effort effort NOUN ital-2309 42 21 to to PART ital-2309 42 22 bring bring VERB ital-2309 42 23 american american ADJ ital-2309 42 24 students student NOUN ital-2309 42 25 to to ADP ital-2309 42 26 the the DET ital-2309 42 27 forefront forefront NOUN ital-2309 42 28 in in ADP ital-2309 42 29 science science NOUN ital-2309 42 30 and and CCONJ ital-2309 42 31 math.21 math.21 VERB ital-2309 42 32 this this DET ital-2309 42 33 literature literature NOUN ital-2309 42 34 review review NOUN ital-2309 42 35 demonstrates demonstrate VERB ital-2309 42 36 that that SCONJ ital-2309 42 37 the the DET ital-2309 42 38 body body NOUN ital-2309 42 39 of of ADP ital-2309 42 40 research research NOUN ital-2309 42 41 currently currently ADV ital-2309 42 42 available available ADJ ital-2309 42 43 focuses focus VERB ital-2309 42 44 on on ADP ital-2309 42 45 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 42 46 natives native NOUN ital-2309 42 47 and and CCONJ ital-2309 42 48 the the DET ital-2309 42 49 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 42 50 divide divide NOUN ital-2309 42 51 , , PUNCT ital-2309 42 52 but but CCONJ ital-2309 42 53 that that SCONJ ital-2309 42 54 the the DET ital-2309 42 55 research research NOUN ital-2309 42 56 lacks lack VERB ital-2309 42 57 the the DET ital-2309 42 58 nuance nuance NOUN ital-2309 42 59 needed need VERB ital-2309 42 60 to to PART ital-2309 42 61 capture capture VERB ital-2309 42 62 the the DET ital-2309 42 63 complexity complexity NOUN ital-2309 42 64 of of ADP ital-2309 42 65 social social ADJ ital-2309 42 66 and and CCONJ ital-2309 42 67 cultural cultural ADJ ital-2309 42 68 contexts context NOUN ital-2309 42 69 surrounding surround VERB ital-2309 42 70 the the DET ital-2309 42 71 issue issue NOUN ital-2309 42 72 . . PUNCT ital-2309 43 1 this this DET ital-2309 43 2 literature literature NOUN ital-2309 43 3 review review NOUN ital-2309 43 4 further far ADV ital-2309 43 5 demonstrates demonstrate VERB ital-2309 43 6 both both CCONJ ital-2309 43 7 the the DET ital-2309 43 8 importance importance NOUN ital-2309 43 9 of of ADP ital-2309 43 10 new new ADJ ital-2309 43 11 media medium NOUN ital-2309 43 12 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 43 13 and and CCONJ ital-2309 43 14 out out ADJ ital-2309 43 15 - - PUNCT ital-2309 43 16 of of ADP ital-2309 43 17 - - PUNCT ital-2309 43 18 school school NOUN ital-2309 43 19 learning learning NOUN ital-2309 43 20 , , PUNCT ital-2309 43 21 as as ADV ital-2309 43 22 well well ADV ital-2309 43 23 as as ADP ital-2309 43 24 the the DET ital-2309 43 25 key key ADJ ital-2309 43 26 role role NOUN ital-2309 43 27 that that PRON ital-2309 43 28 libraries librarie VERB ital-2309 43 29 play play VERB ital-2309 43 30 in in ADP ital-2309 43 31 supporting support VERB ital-2309 43 32 these these DET ital-2309 43 33 learning learn VERB ital-2309 43 34 opportunities opportunity NOUN ital-2309 43 35 . . PUNCT ital-2309 44 1 the the DET ital-2309 44 2 study study NOUN ital-2309 44 3 provided provide VERB ital-2309 44 4 here here ADV ital-2309 44 5 uses use VERB ital-2309 44 6 gis gis ADJ ital-2309 44 7 analysis analysis NOUN ital-2309 44 8 to to PART ital-2309 44 9 demonstrate demonstrate VERB ital-2309 44 10 important important ADJ ital-2309 44 11 socioeconomic socioeconomic ADJ ital-2309 44 12 and and CCONJ ital-2309 44 13 cultural cultural ADJ ital-2309 44 14 factors factor NOUN ital-2309 44 15 that that PRON ital-2309 44 16 surround surround VERB ital-2309 44 17 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 44 18 and and CCONJ ital-2309 44 19 library library NOUN ital-2309 44 20 access access NOUN ital-2309 44 21 . . PUNCT ital-2309 45 1 first first ADV ital-2309 45 2 , , PUNCT ital-2309 45 3 i i PRON ital-2309 45 4 describe describe VERB ital-2309 45 5 the the DET ital-2309 45 6 role role NOUN ital-2309 45 7 of of ADP ital-2309 45 8 gis gis NOUN ital-2309 45 9 in in ADP ital-2309 45 10 understanding understand VERB ital-2309 45 11 context context NOUN ital-2309 45 12 . . PUNCT ital-2309 46 1 next next ADV ital-2309 46 2 , , PUNCT ital-2309 46 3 i i PRON ital-2309 46 4 describe describe VERB ital-2309 46 5 the the DET ital-2309 46 6 methods method NOUN ital-2309 46 7 used use VERB ital-2309 46 8 in in ADP ital-2309 46 9 this this DET ital-2309 46 10 paper paper NOUN ital-2309 46 11 . . PUNCT ital-2309 47 1 finally finally ADV ital-2309 47 2 , , PUNCT ital-2309 47 3 i i PRON ital-2309 47 4 analyze analyze VERB ital-2309 47 5 the the DET ital-2309 47 6 results result NOUN ital-2309 47 7 and and CCONJ ital-2309 47 8 implications implication NOUN ital-2309 47 9 for for ADP ital-2309 47 10 the the DET ital-2309 47 11 study study NOUN ital-2309 47 12 . . PUNCT ital-2309 48 1 geographic geographic ADJ ital-2309 48 2 information information NOUN ital-2309 48 3 systems system NOUN ital-2309 48 4 analysis analysis NOUN ital-2309 48 5 in in ADP ital-2309 48 6 education education NOUN ital-2309 48 7 there there PRON ital-2309 48 8 is be VERB ital-2309 48 9 a a DET ital-2309 48 10 burgeoning burgeon VERB ital-2309 48 11 body body NOUN ital-2309 48 12 of of ADP ital-2309 48 13 research research NOUN ital-2309 48 14 which which PRON ital-2309 48 15 uses use VERB ital-2309 48 16 geographic geographic ADJ ital-2309 48 17 information information NOUN ital-2309 48 18 systems system NOUN ital-2309 48 19 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 48 20 gis gis NOUN ital-2309 48 21 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 48 22 to to PART ital-2309 48 23 better well ADV ital-2309 48 24 understand understand VERB ital-2309 48 25 socioeconomic socioeconomic ADJ ital-2309 48 26 and and CCONJ ital-2309 48 27 cultural cultural ADJ ital-2309 48 28 contexts context NOUN ital-2309 48 29 of of ADP ital-2309 48 30 education education NOUN ital-2309 48 31 and and CCONJ ital-2309 48 32 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 48 33 issues.22 issues.22 NOUN ital-2309 48 34 information information NOUN ital-2309 48 35 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 48 36 and and CCONJ ital-2309 48 37 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 48 38 | | NOUN ital-2309 48 39 december december PROPN ital-2309 48 40 2013 2013 NUM ital-2309 48 41 56 56 NUM ital-2309 48 42 there there PRON ital-2309 48 43 are be VERB ital-2309 48 44 several several ADJ ital-2309 48 45 key key ADJ ital-2309 48 46 works work NOUN ital-2309 48 47 that that PRON ital-2309 48 48 link link VERB ital-2309 48 49 geography geography NOUN ital-2309 48 50 and and CCONJ ital-2309 48 51 social social ADJ ital-2309 48 52 context context NOUN ital-2309 48 53 . . PUNCT ital-2309 49 1 lefebvre lefebvre PROPN ital-2309 49 2 defines define VERB ital-2309 49 3 space space NOUN ital-2309 49 4 as as ADV ital-2309 49 5 socially socially ADV ital-2309 49 6 produced produce VERB ital-2309 49 7 , , PUNCT ital-2309 49 8 and and CCONJ ital-2309 49 9 he he PRON ital-2309 49 10 writes write VERB ital-2309 49 11 that that SCONJ ital-2309 49 12 space space NOUN ital-2309 49 13 embodies embody VERB ital-2309 49 14 social social ADJ ital-2309 49 15 relationships relationship NOUN ital-2309 49 16 shaped shape VERB ital-2309 49 17 by by ADP ital-2309 49 18 values value NOUN ital-2309 49 19 and and CCONJ ital-2309 49 20 meanings meaning NOUN ital-2309 49 21 . . PUNCT ital-2309 50 1 he he PRON ital-2309 50 2 describes describe VERB ital-2309 50 3 space space NOUN ital-2309 50 4 as as ADP ital-2309 50 5 a a DET ital-2309 50 6 tool tool NOUN ital-2309 50 7 for for ADP ital-2309 50 8 thought thought NOUN ital-2309 50 9 and and CCONJ ital-2309 50 10 action action NOUN ital-2309 50 11 or or CCONJ ital-2309 50 12 as as ADP ital-2309 50 13 a a DET ital-2309 50 14 means means NOUN ital-2309 50 15 of of ADP ital-2309 50 16 control control NOUN ital-2309 50 17 and and CCONJ ital-2309 50 18 domination domination NOUN ital-2309 50 19 . . PUNCT ital-2309 51 1 lefebvre lefebvre PROPN ital-2309 51 2 writes write VERB ital-2309 51 3 that that SCONJ ital-2309 51 4 there there PRON ital-2309 51 5 is be VERB ital-2309 51 6 a a DET ital-2309 51 7 need need NOUN ital-2309 51 8 for for ADP ital-2309 51 9 spatial spatial ADJ ital-2309 51 10 reappropriation reappropriation NOUN ital-2309 51 11 in in ADP ital-2309 51 12 everyday everyday PROPN ital-2309 51 13 urban urban ADJ ital-2309 51 14 life life NOUN ital-2309 51 15 . . PUNCT ital-2309 52 1 the the DET ital-2309 52 2 struggle struggle NOUN ital-2309 52 3 for for ADP ital-2309 52 4 equality equality NOUN ital-2309 52 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 52 6 then then ADV ital-2309 52 7 , , PUNCT ital-2309 52 8 is be AUX ital-2309 52 9 central central ADJ ital-2309 52 10 to to ADP ital-2309 52 11 the the DET ital-2309 52 12 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 52 13 right right NOUN ital-2309 52 14 of of ADP ital-2309 52 15 the the DET ital-2309 52 16 city city NOUN ital-2309 52 17 . . PUNCT ital-2309 53 1 ”23 ”23 ADV ital-2309 54 1 the the DET ital-2309 54 2 unequal unequal ADJ ital-2309 54 3 distributions distribution NOUN ital-2309 54 4 of of ADP ital-2309 54 5 resources resource NOUN ital-2309 54 6 in in ADP ital-2309 54 7 the the DET ital-2309 54 8 city city NOUN ital-2309 54 9 help help NOUN ital-2309 54 10 to to PART ital-2309 54 11 maintain maintain VERB ital-2309 54 12 social social ADJ ital-2309 54 13 and and CCONJ ital-2309 54 14 economic economic ADJ ital-2309 54 15 advantaged advantaged ADJ ital-2309 54 16 positions position NOUN ital-2309 54 17 , , PUNCT ital-2309 54 18 which which PRON ital-2309 54 19 is be AUX ital-2309 54 20 important important ADJ ital-2309 54 21 to to ADP ital-2309 54 22 the the DET ital-2309 54 23 analysis analysis NOUN ital-2309 54 24 here here ADV ital-2309 54 25 of of ADP ital-2309 54 26 library library NOUN ital-2309 54 27 access access NOUN ital-2309 54 28 . . PUNCT ital-2309 55 1 this this DET ital-2309 55 2 unequal unequal ADJ ital-2309 55 3 distribution distribution NOUN ital-2309 55 4 of of ADP ital-2309 55 5 resources resource NOUN ital-2309 55 6 continues continue VERB ital-2309 55 7 today today NOUN ital-2309 55 8 . . PUNCT ital-2309 56 1 de de PROPN ital-2309 56 2 souza souza PROPN ital-2309 56 3 briggs briggs PROPN ital-2309 56 4 and and CCONJ ital-2309 56 5 others other NOUN ital-2309 56 6 write write VERB ital-2309 56 7 that that SCONJ ital-2309 56 8 there there PRON ital-2309 56 9 is be VERB ital-2309 56 10 clear clear ADJ ital-2309 56 11 geographical geographical ADJ ital-2309 56 12 segregation segregation NOUN ital-2309 56 13 in in ADP ital-2309 56 14 american american ADJ ital-2309 56 15 cities city NOUN ital-2309 56 16 today.24 today.24 NOUN ital-2309 56 17 this this PRON ital-2309 56 18 is be AUX ital-2309 56 19 seen see VERB ital-2309 56 20 in in ADP ital-2309 56 21 housing housing NOUN ital-2309 56 22 choice choice NOUN ital-2309 56 23 , , PUNCT ital-2309 56 24 racial racial ADJ ital-2309 56 25 attitudes attitude NOUN ital-2309 56 26 , , PUNCT ital-2309 56 27 and and CCONJ ital-2309 56 28 discrimination discrimination NOUN ital-2309 56 29 , , PUNCT ital-2309 56 30 as as ADV ital-2309 56 31 well well ADV ital-2309 56 32 as as ADP ital-2309 56 33 metropolitan metropolitan ADJ ital-2309 56 34 development development NOUN ital-2309 56 35 and and CCONJ ital-2309 56 36 policy policy NOUN ital-2309 56 37 coalitions coalition NOUN ital-2309 56 38 . . PUNCT ital-2309 57 1 in in ADP ital-2309 57 2 the the DET ital-2309 57 3 conclusion conclusion NOUN ital-2309 57 4 of of ADP ital-2309 57 5 his his PRON ital-2309 57 6 book book NOUN ital-2309 57 7 , , PUNCT ital-2309 57 8 de de PROPN ital-2309 57 9 souza souza PROPN ital-2309 57 10 briggs briggs PROPN ital-2309 57 11 writes write VERB ital-2309 57 12 that that SCONJ ital-2309 57 13 housing housing NOUN ital-2309 57 14 choice choice NOUN ital-2309 57 15 is be AUX ital-2309 57 16 limited limit VERB ital-2309 57 17 for for ADP ital-2309 57 18 low low ADJ ital-2309 57 19 - - PUNCT ital-2309 57 20 ses se NOUN ital-2309 57 21 minorities minority NOUN ital-2309 57 22 , , PUNCT ital-2309 57 23 and and CCONJ ital-2309 57 24 these these DET ital-2309 57 25 limitations limitation NOUN ital-2309 57 26 produce produce VERB ital-2309 57 27 myriad myriad ADJ ital-2309 57 28 social social ADJ ital-2309 57 29 effects effect NOUN ital-2309 57 30 . . PUNCT ital-2309 58 1 again again ADV ital-2309 58 2 , , PUNCT ital-2309 58 3 this this DET ital-2309 58 4 finding finding NOUN ital-2309 58 5 is be AUX ital-2309 58 6 important important ADJ ital-2309 58 7 to to ADP ital-2309 58 8 the the DET ital-2309 58 9 contexts context NOUN ital-2309 58 10 of of ADP ital-2309 58 11 where where SCONJ ital-2309 58 12 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 58 13 are be AUX ital-2309 58 14 located locate VERB ital-2309 58 15 . . PUNCT ital-2309 59 1 jargowsky jargowsky ADJ ital-2309 59 2 writes write NOUN ital-2309 59 3 of of ADP ital-2309 59 4 similar similar ADJ ital-2309 59 5 findings.25 findings.25 NOUN ital-2309 59 6 like like ADP ital-2309 59 7 de de PROPN ital-2309 59 8 souza souza NOUN ital-2309 59 9 briggs brigg NOUN ital-2309 59 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 59 11 jargowsky jargowsky ADJ ital-2309 59 12 focuses focus VERB ital-2309 59 13 on on ADP ital-2309 59 14 the the DET ital-2309 59 15 role role NOUN ital-2309 59 16 that that PRON ital-2309 59 17 geography geography NOUN ital-2309 59 18 plays play VERB ital-2309 59 19 in in ADP ital-2309 59 20 terms term NOUN ital-2309 59 21 of of ADP ital-2309 59 22 neighborhood neighborhood NOUN ital-2309 59 23 and and CCONJ ital-2309 59 24 poverty poverty NOUN ital-2309 59 25 . . PUNCT ital-2309 60 1 jargowsky jargowsky PROPN ital-2309 60 2 even even ADV ital-2309 60 3 finds find VERB ital-2309 60 4 social social ADJ ital-2309 60 5 characteristics characteristic NOUN ital-2309 60 6 of of ADP ital-2309 60 7 these these DET ital-2309 60 8 neighborhoods neighborhood NOUN ital-2309 60 9 : : PUNCT ital-2309 60 10 there there PRON ital-2309 60 11 is be VERB ital-2309 60 12 a a DET ital-2309 60 13 higher high ADJ ital-2309 60 14 prevalence prevalence NOUN ital-2309 60 15 of of ADP ital-2309 60 16 single single ADJ ital-2309 60 17 - - PUNCT ital-2309 60 18 parent parent NOUN ital-2309 60 19 families family NOUN ital-2309 60 20 , , PUNCT ital-2309 60 21 lower low ADJ ital-2309 60 22 educational educational ADJ ital-2309 60 23 attainment attainment NOUN ital-2309 60 24 , , PUNCT ital-2309 60 25 a a DET ital-2309 60 26 higher high ADJ ital-2309 60 27 level level NOUN ital-2309 60 28 of of ADP ital-2309 60 29 dropouts dropout NOUN ital-2309 60 30 , , PUNCT ital-2309 60 31 and and CCONJ ital-2309 60 32 more more ADJ ital-2309 60 33 children child NOUN ital-2309 60 34 living live VERB ital-2309 60 35 in in ADP ital-2309 60 36 poverty poverty NOUN ital-2309 60 37 . . PUNCT ital-2309 61 1 important important ADJ ital-2309 61 2 here here ADV ital-2309 61 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 61 4 though though ADV ital-2309 61 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 61 6 is be AUX ital-2309 61 7 that that SCONJ ital-2309 61 8 all all DET ital-2309 61 9 such such ADJ ital-2309 61 10 characteristics characteristic NOUN ital-2309 61 11 can can AUX ital-2309 61 12 be be AUX ital-2309 61 13 displayed display VERB ital-2309 61 14 geographically geographically ADV ital-2309 61 15 , , PUNCT ital-2309 61 16 which which PRON ital-2309 61 17 means mean VERB ital-2309 61 18 that that SCONJ ital-2309 61 19 varying vary VERB ital-2309 61 20 housing housing NOUN ital-2309 61 21 , , PUNCT ital-2309 61 22 economic economic ADJ ital-2309 61 23 , , PUNCT ital-2309 61 24 and and CCONJ ital-2309 61 25 social social ADJ ital-2309 61 26 conditions condition NOUN ital-2309 61 27 can can AUX ital-2309 61 28 be be AUX ital-2309 61 29 displayed display VERB ital-2309 61 30 with with ADP ital-2309 61 31 library library NOUN ital-2309 61 32 locations location NOUN ital-2309 61 33 . . PUNCT ital-2309 62 1 soja soja NOUN ital-2309 62 2 goes go VERB ital-2309 62 3 beyond beyond ADP ital-2309 62 4 the the DET ital-2309 62 5 geographic geographic ADJ ital-2309 62 6 analysis analysis NOUN ital-2309 62 7 offered offer VERB ital-2309 62 8 by by ADP ital-2309 62 9 de de PROPN ital-2309 62 10 souza souza PROPN ital-2309 62 11 briggs briggs PROPN ital-2309 62 12 and and CCONJ ital-2309 62 13 jargowsky jargowsky PROPN ital-2309 62 14 and and CCONJ ital-2309 62 15 writes write VERB ital-2309 62 16 that that DET ital-2309 62 17 space space NOUN ital-2309 62 18 should should AUX ital-2309 62 19 be be AUX ital-2309 62 20 applied apply VERB ital-2309 62 21 to to ADP ital-2309 62 22 contemporary contemporary ADJ ital-2309 62 23 social social ADJ ital-2309 62 24 theory.26 theory.26 ADJ ital-2309 62 25 soja soja NOUN ital-2309 62 26 found find VERB ital-2309 62 27 that that SCONJ ital-2309 62 28 spatiality spatiality NOUN ital-2309 62 29 should should AUX ital-2309 62 30 be be AUX ital-2309 62 31 used use VERB ital-2309 62 32 in in ADP ital-2309 62 33 terms term NOUN ital-2309 62 34 of of ADP ital-2309 62 35 critical critical ADJ ital-2309 62 36 human human ADJ ital-2309 62 37 geography geography NOUN ital-2309 62 38 to to PART ital-2309 62 39 advance advance VERB ital-2309 62 40 a a DET ital-2309 62 41 theory theory NOUN ital-2309 62 42 of of ADP ital-2309 62 43 justice justice NOUN ital-2309 62 44 on on ADP ital-2309 62 45 multiple multiple ADJ ital-2309 62 46 levels level NOUN ital-2309 62 47 . . PUNCT ital-2309 63 1 he he PRON ital-2309 63 2 writes write VERB ital-2309 63 3 that that SCONJ ital-2309 63 4 injustice injustice NOUN ital-2309 63 5 is be AUX ital-2309 63 6 spatially spatially ADV ital-2309 63 7 construed construe VERB ital-2309 63 8 and and CCONJ ital-2309 63 9 that that SCONJ ital-2309 63 10 this this DET ital-2309 63 11 spatiality spatiality NOUN ital-2309 63 12 shapes shape VERB ital-2309 63 13 social social ADJ ital-2309 63 14 injustice injustice NOUN ital-2309 63 15 as as ADV ital-2309 63 16 much much ADV ital-2309 63 17 as as ADP ital-2309 63 18 social social ADJ ital-2309 63 19 injustice injustice NOUN ital-2309 63 20 shapes shape VERB ital-2309 63 21 a a DET ital-2309 63 22 specific specific ADJ ital-2309 63 23 geography geography NOUN ital-2309 63 24 . . PUNCT ital-2309 64 1 this this DET ital-2309 64 2 understanding understanding NOUN ital-2309 64 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 64 4 then then ADV ital-2309 64 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 64 6 shapes shape NOUN ital-2309 64 7 how how SCONJ ital-2309 64 8 i i PRON ital-2309 64 9 approach approach VERB ital-2309 64 10 the the DET ital-2309 64 11 study study NOUN ital-2309 64 12 of of ADP ital-2309 64 13 new new ADJ ital-2309 64 14 media medium NOUN ital-2309 64 15 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 64 16 as as SCONJ ital-2309 64 17 influenced influence VERB ital-2309 64 18 by by ADP ital-2309 64 19 cultural cultural ADJ ital-2309 64 20 and and CCONJ ital-2309 64 21 social social ADJ ital-2309 64 22 factors factor NOUN ital-2309 64 23 . . PUNCT ital-2309 65 1 these these DET ital-2309 65 2 factors factor NOUN ital-2309 65 3 are be AUX ital-2309 65 4 particularly particularly ADV ital-2309 65 5 prevalent prevalent ADJ ital-2309 65 6 in in ADP ital-2309 65 7 the the DET ital-2309 65 8 st st PROPN ital-2309 65 9 . . PROPN ital-2309 65 10 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 65 11 , , PUNCT ital-2309 65 12 missouri missouri PROPN ital-2309 65 13 , , PUNCT ital-2309 65 14 area area NOUN ital-2309 65 15 . . PUNCT ital-2309 66 1 colin colin PROPN ital-2309 66 2 gordon gordon PROPN ital-2309 66 3 reiterates reiterate VERB ital-2309 66 4 the the DET ital-2309 66 5 arguments argument NOUN ital-2309 66 6 of of ADP ital-2309 66 7 lefbvre lefbvre ADJ ital-2309 66 8 jargowsky jargowsky PROPN ital-2309 66 9 and and CCONJ ital-2309 66 10 de de PROPN ital-2309 66 11 souza souza NOUN ital-2309 66 12 briggs briggs PROPN ital-2309 66 13 in in ADP ital-2309 66 14 arguing argue VERB ital-2309 66 15 that that SCONJ ital-2309 66 16 st st PROPN ital-2309 66 17 . . PROPN ital-2309 66 18 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 66 19 is be AUX ital-2309 66 20 a a DET ital-2309 66 21 city city NOUN ital-2309 66 22 in in ADP ital-2309 66 23 decline.27 decline.27 NOUN ital-2309 66 24 by by ADP ital-2309 66 25 providing provide VERB ital-2309 66 26 maps map NOUN ital-2309 66 27 that that PRON ital-2309 66 28 project project VERB ital-2309 66 29 housing housing NOUN ital-2309 66 30 policies policy NOUN ital-2309 66 31 , , PUNCT ital-2309 66 32 gordon gordon PROPN ital-2309 66 33 is be AUX ital-2309 66 34 able able ADJ ital-2309 66 35 to to PART ital-2309 66 36 provide provide VERB ital-2309 66 37 a a DET ital-2309 66 38 clear clear ADJ ital-2309 66 39 link link NOUN ital-2309 66 40 between between ADP ital-2309 66 41 historical historical ADJ ital-2309 66 42 housing housing NOUN ital-2309 66 43 policies policy NOUN ital-2309 66 44 such such ADJ ital-2309 66 45 as as ADP ital-2309 66 46 racial racial ADJ ital-2309 66 47 covenants covenant NOUN ital-2309 66 48 and and CCONJ ital-2309 66 49 current current ADJ ital-2309 66 50 urban urban ADJ ital-2309 66 51 decline decline NOUN ital-2309 66 52 . . PUNCT ital-2309 67 1 gordon gordon PROPN ital-2309 67 2 is be AUX ital-2309 67 3 able able ADJ ital-2309 67 4 to to PART ital-2309 67 5 show show VERB ital-2309 67 6 that that SCONJ ital-2309 67 7 vast vast ADJ ital-2309 67 8 populations population NOUN ital-2309 67 9 are be AUX ital-2309 67 10 moving move VERB ital-2309 67 11 out out ADP ital-2309 67 12 of of ADP ital-2309 67 13 st st PROPN ital-2309 67 14 . . PROPN ital-2309 67 15 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 67 16 city city PROPN ital-2309 67 17 and and CCONJ ital-2309 67 18 into into ADP ital-2309 67 19 the the DET ital-2309 67 20 county county NOUN ital-2309 67 21 , , PUNCT ital-2309 67 22 resulting result VERB ital-2309 67 23 in in ADP ital-2309 67 24 a a DET ital-2309 67 25 concentration concentration NOUN ital-2309 67 26 of of ADP ital-2309 67 27 minority minority NOUN ital-2309 67 28 populations population NOUN ital-2309 67 29 in in ADP ital-2309 67 30 the the DET ital-2309 67 31 northern northern ADJ ital-2309 67 32 part part NOUN ital-2309 67 33 of of ADP ital-2309 67 34 the the DET ital-2309 67 35 city city NOUN ital-2309 67 36 . . PUNCT ital-2309 68 1 gordon gordon PROPN ital-2309 68 2 argues argue VERB ital-2309 68 3 that that SCONJ ital-2309 68 4 the the DET ital-2309 68 5 policies policy NOUN ital-2309 68 6 and and CCONJ ital-2309 68 7 programs program NOUN ital-2309 68 8 offered offer VERB ital-2309 68 9 by by ADP ital-2309 68 10 st st PROPN ital-2309 68 11 . . PROPN ital-2309 68 12 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 68 13 city city PROPN ital-2309 68 14 have have AUX ital-2309 68 15 only only ADV ital-2309 68 16 exacerbated exacerbate VERB ital-2309 68 17 the the DET ital-2309 68 18 problem problem NOUN ital-2309 68 19 and and CCONJ ital-2309 68 20 led lead VERB ital-2309 68 21 to to ADP ital-2309 68 22 greater great ADJ ital-2309 68 23 blight.28 blight.28 NOUN ital-2309 68 24 in in ADP ital-2309 68 25 terms term NOUN ital-2309 68 26 of of ADP ital-2309 68 27 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 68 28 , , PUNCT ital-2309 68 29 morrell morrell PROPN ital-2309 68 30 makes make VERB ital-2309 68 31 the the DET ital-2309 68 32 most most ADV ital-2309 68 33 explicit explicit ADJ ital-2309 68 34 connection connection NOUN ital-2309 68 35 between between ADP ital-2309 68 36 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 68 37 and and CCONJ ital-2309 68 38 mapping mapping NOUN ital-2309 68 39 with with ADP ital-2309 68 40 a a DET ital-2309 68 41 study study NOUN ital-2309 68 42 that that PRON ital-2309 68 43 used use VERB ital-2309 68 44 a a DET ital-2309 68 45 community community NOUN ital-2309 68 46 - - PUNCT ital-2309 68 47 asset asset NOUN ital-2309 68 48 mapping mapping NOUN ital-2309 68 49 activity activity NOUN ital-2309 68 50 to to PART ital-2309 68 51 make make VERB ital-2309 68 52 the the DET ital-2309 68 53 argument argument NOUN ital-2309 68 54 that that SCONJ ital-2309 68 55 teachers teacher NOUN ital-2309 68 56 need need VERB ital-2309 68 57 to to PART ital-2309 68 58 make make VERB ital-2309 68 59 an an DET ital-2309 68 60 explicit explicit ADJ ital-2309 68 61 connection connection NOUN ital-2309 68 62 between between ADP ital-2309 68 63 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 68 64 at at ADP ital-2309 68 65 school school NOUN ital-2309 68 66 and and CCONJ ital-2309 68 67 the the DET ital-2309 68 68 new new ADJ ital-2309 68 69 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 68 70 experienced experience VERB ital-2309 68 71 in in ADP ital-2309 68 72 the the DET ital-2309 68 73 community.29 community.29 NOUN ital-2309 68 74 the the DET ital-2309 68 75 significance significance NOUN ital-2309 68 76 of of ADP ital-2309 68 77 this this PRON ital-2309 68 78 is be AUX ital-2309 68 79 that that PRON ital-2309 68 80 gis gis NOUN ital-2309 68 81 can can AUX ital-2309 68 82 be be AUX ital-2309 68 83 used use VERB ital-2309 68 84 to to PART ital-2309 68 85 illuminate illuminate VERB ital-2309 68 86 the the DET ital-2309 68 87 social social ADJ ital-2309 68 88 and and CCONJ ital-2309 68 89 economic economic ADJ ital-2309 68 90 contexts context NOUN ital-2309 68 91 of of ADP ital-2309 68 92 new new ADJ ital-2309 68 93 media medium NOUN ital-2309 68 94 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 68 95 opportunities opportunity NOUN ital-2309 68 96 as as ADV ital-2309 68 97 well well ADV ital-2309 68 98 , , PUNCT ital-2309 68 99 which which PRON ital-2309 68 100 in in ADP ital-2309 68 101 turn turn NOUN ital-2309 68 102 could could AUX ital-2309 68 103 help help VERB ital-2309 68 104 inform inform VERB ital-2309 68 105 social social ADJ ital-2309 68 106 dialogue dialogue NOUN ital-2309 68 107 about about ADP ital-2309 68 108 the the DET ital-2309 68 109 availability availability NOUN ital-2309 68 110 of of ADP ital-2309 68 111 and and CCONJ ital-2309 68 112 access access NOUN ital-2309 68 113 to to ADP ital-2309 68 114 informal informal ADJ ital-2309 68 115 education education NOUN ital-2309 68 116 opportunities opportunity NOUN ital-2309 68 117 for for ADP ital-2309 68 118 new new ADJ ital-2309 68 119 media medium NOUN ital-2309 68 120 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 68 121 . . PUNCT ital-2309 69 1 social social ADJ ital-2309 69 2 contexts contexts PROPN ital-2309 69 3 of of ADP ital-2309 69 4 new new ADJ ital-2309 69 5 media medium NOUN ital-2309 69 6 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 69 7 : : PUNCT ital-2309 69 8 mapping mapping NOUN ital-2309 69 9 libraries| libraries| ADJ ital-2309 69 10 thorne thorne NOUN ital-2309 69 11 - - PUNCT ital-2309 69 12 wallington wallington NOUN ital-2309 69 13 57 57 NUM ital-2309 69 14 methods method NOUN ital-2309 69 15 and and CCONJ ital-2309 69 16 data datum NOUN ital-2309 69 17 the the DET ital-2309 69 18 gis gis NOUN ital-2309 69 19 analysis analysis NOUN ital-2309 69 20 performed perform VERB ital-2309 69 21 here here ADV ital-2309 69 22 concerns concern NOUN ital-2309 69 23 library library PROPN ital-2309 69 24 locations location NOUN ital-2309 69 25 in in ADP ital-2309 69 26 the the DET ital-2309 69 27 st st PROPN ital-2309 69 28 . . PROPN ital-2309 69 29 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 69 30 metropolitan metropolitan PROPN ital-2309 69 31 area area NOUN ital-2309 69 32 , , PUNCT ital-2309 69 33 including include VERB ital-2309 69 34 st st PROPN ital-2309 69 35 . . PROPN ital-2309 69 36 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 69 37 city city PROPN ital-2309 69 38 and and CCONJ ital-2309 69 39 st st PROPN ital-2309 69 40 . . PROPN ital-2309 69 41 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 69 42 county county PROPN ital-2309 69 43 . . PUNCT ital-2309 70 1 the the DET ital-2309 70 2 st st PROPN ital-2309 70 3 . . PROPN ital-2309 70 4 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 70 5 metropolitan metropolitan PROPN ital-2309 70 6 area area NOUN ital-2309 70 7 was be AUX ital-2309 70 8 chosen choose VERB ital-2309 70 9 because because SCONJ ital-2309 70 10 of of ADP ital-2309 70 11 past past ADJ ital-2309 70 12 research research NOUN ital-2309 70 13 mapping mapping NOUN ital-2309 70 14 the the DET ital-2309 70 15 segregation segregation NOUN ital-2309 70 16 of of ADP ital-2309 70 17 the the DET ital-2309 70 18 city city NOUN ital-2309 70 19 , , PUNCT ital-2309 70 20 largely largely ADV ital-2309 70 21 because because SCONJ ital-2309 70 22 the the DET ital-2309 70 23 city city NOUN ital-2309 70 24 and and CCONJ ital-2309 70 25 county county NOUN ital-2309 70 26 are be AUX ital-2309 70 27 so so ADV ital-2309 70 28 clearly clearly ADV ital-2309 70 29 segregated segregate VERB ital-2309 70 30 racially racially ADV ital-2309 70 31 and and CCONJ ital-2309 70 32 economically economically ADV ital-2309 70 33 along along ADP ital-2309 70 34 the the DET ital-2309 70 35 north north ADJ ital-2309 70 36 – – PUNCT ital-2309 70 37 south south ADJ ital-2309 70 38 line line NOUN ital-2309 70 39 . . PUNCT ital-2309 71 1 this this DET ital-2309 71 2 segregation segregation NOUN ital-2309 71 3 is be AUX ital-2309 71 4 striking strike VERB ital-2309 71 5 when when SCONJ ital-2309 71 6 displayed display VERB ital-2309 71 7 geographically geographically ADV ital-2309 71 8 and and CCONJ ital-2309 71 9 illuminating illuminate VERB ital-2309 71 10 when when SCONJ ital-2309 71 11 mapped map VERB ital-2309 71 12 with with ADP ital-2309 71 13 library library NOUN ital-2309 71 14 location location NOUN ital-2309 71 15 . . PUNCT ital-2309 72 1 maps map NOUN ital-2309 72 2 were be AUX ital-2309 72 3 created create VERB ital-2309 72 4 using use VERB ital-2309 72 5 tiger tiger NOUN ital-2309 72 6 files file NOUN ital-2309 72 7 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 72 8 www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/tiger.html www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/tiger.html PROPN ital-2309 72 9 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 72 10 and and CCONJ ital-2309 72 11 us us PROPN ital-2309 72 12 census census NOUN ital-2309 72 13 data datum NOUN ital-2309 72 14 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 72 15 http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml NUM ital-2309 72 16 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 72 17 , , PUNCT ital-2309 72 18 both both PRON ital-2309 72 19 freely freely ADV ital-2309 72 20 available available ADJ ital-2309 72 21 to to ADP ital-2309 72 22 the the DET ital-2309 72 23 public public NOUN ital-2309 72 24 via via ADP ital-2309 72 25 internet internet NOUN ital-2309 72 26 download download NOUN ital-2309 72 27 . . PUNCT ital-2309 73 1 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 73 2 were be AUX ital-2309 73 3 identified identify VERB ital-2309 73 4 using use VERB ital-2309 73 5 the the DET ital-2309 73 6 st st PROPN ital-2309 73 7 . . PROPN ital-2309 73 8 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 73 9 city city PROPN ital-2309 73 10 library library PROPN ital-2309 73 11 ’s ’s PART ital-2309 73 12 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 73 13 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 73 14 & & CCONJ ital-2309 73 15 hours hour NOUN ital-2309 73 16 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 73 17 webpage webpage NOUN ital-2309 73 18 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 73 19 www.slpl.org/slpl/library/article240098545.asp www.slpl.org/slpl/library/article240098545.asp PROPN ital-2309 73 20 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 73 21 , , PUNCT ital-2309 73 22 the the DET ital-2309 73 23 st st PROPN ital-2309 73 24 . . PROPN ital-2309 73 25 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 73 26 county county PROPN ital-2309 73 27 library library NOUN ital-2309 73 28 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 73 29 locations location NOUN ital-2309 73 30 & & CCONJ ital-2309 73 31 hours hour NOUN ital-2309 73 32 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 73 33 webpage webpage NOUN ital-2309 73 34 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 73 35 www.slcl.org/about/hours_and_locations www.slcl.org/about/hours_and_location NOUN ital-2309 73 36 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 73 37 , , PUNCT ital-2309 73 38 google google PROPN ital-2309 73 39 maps maps PROPN ital-2309 73 40 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 73 41 www.maps.google.com www.maps.google.com X ital-2309 73 42 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 73 43 , , PUNCT ital-2309 73 44 and and CCONJ ital-2309 73 45 the the DET ital-2309 73 46 yellow yellow ADJ ital-2309 73 47 pages page NOUN ital-2309 73 48 for for ADP ital-2309 73 49 the the DET ital-2309 73 50 st st PROPN ital-2309 73 51 . . PROPN ital-2309 73 52 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 73 53 metropolitan metropolitan PROPN ital-2309 73 54 area area PROPN ital-2309 73 55 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 73 56 www.yellowpages.com www.yellowpages.com PROPN ital-2309 73 57 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 73 58 . . PUNCT ital-2309 74 1 the the DET ital-2309 74 2 address address NOUN ital-2309 74 3 of of ADP ital-2309 74 4 each each DET ital-2309 74 5 library library NOUN ital-2309 74 6 was be AUX ital-2309 74 7 entered enter VERB ital-2309 74 8 into into ADP ital-2309 74 9 itouchmap itouchmap PROPN ital-2309 74 10 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 74 11 http://itouchmap.com http://itouchmap.com X ital-2309 74 12 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 74 13 to to PART ital-2309 74 14 indentify indentify VERB ital-2309 74 15 the the DET ital-2309 74 16 latitude latitude NOUN ital-2309 74 17 and and CCONJ ital-2309 74 18 longitude longitude NOUN ital-2309 74 19 of of ADP ital-2309 74 20 the the DET ital-2309 74 21 library library NOUN ital-2309 74 22 . . PUNCT ital-2309 75 1 a a DET ital-2309 75 2 spreadsheet spreadsheet NOUN ital-2309 75 3 containing contain VERB ital-2309 75 4 this this DET ital-2309 75 5 information information NOUN ital-2309 75 6 was be AUX ital-2309 75 7 then then ADV ital-2309 75 8 loaded load VERB ital-2309 75 9 into into ADP ital-2309 75 10 the the DET ital-2309 75 11 gis gis NOUN ital-2309 75 12 software software NOUN ital-2309 75 13 and and CCONJ ital-2309 75 14 displayed display VERB ital-2309 75 15 as as ADP ital-2309 75 16 x x PROPN ital-2309 75 17 – – PUNCT ital-2309 75 18 y y PROPN ital-2309 75 19 data datum NOUN ital-2309 75 20 . . PUNCT ital-2309 76 1 the the DET ital-2309 76 2 maps map NOUN ital-2309 76 3 were be AUX ital-2309 76 4 then then ADV ital-2309 76 5 displayed display VERB ital-2309 76 6 using use VERB ital-2309 76 7 median median ADJ ital-2309 76 8 household household NOUN ital-2309 76 9 income income NOUN ital-2309 76 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 76 11 african african ADJ ital-2309 76 12 american american ADJ ital-2309 76 13 population population PROPN ital-2309 76 14 , , PUNCT ital-2309 76 15 and and CCONJ ital-2309 76 16 latino latino ADJ ital-2309 76 17 and and CCONJ ital-2309 76 18 hispanic hispanic ADJ ital-2309 76 19 population population NOUN ital-2309 76 20 as as SCONJ ital-2309 76 21 obtained obtain VERB ital-2309 76 22 from from ADP ital-2309 76 23 the the DET ital-2309 76 24 us us PROPN ital-2309 76 25 census census NOUN ital-2309 76 26 at at ADP ital-2309 76 27 census census NOUN ital-2309 76 28 tract tract NOUN ital-2309 76 29 level level NOUN ital-2309 76 30 . . PUNCT ital-2309 77 1 for for ADP ital-2309 77 2 median median ADJ ital-2309 77 3 household household NOUN ital-2309 77 4 income income NOUN ital-2309 77 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 77 6 the the DET ital-2309 77 7 data data NOUN ital-2309 77 8 was be AUX ital-2309 77 9 from from ADP ital-2309 77 10 1999 1999 NUM ital-2309 77 11 . . PUNCT ital-2309 78 1 for for ADP ital-2309 78 2 all all DET ital-2309 78 3 other other ADJ ital-2309 78 4 census census NOUN ital-2309 78 5 data datum NOUN ital-2309 78 6 , , PUNCT ital-2309 78 7 the the DET ital-2309 78 8 year year NOUN ital-2309 78 9 was be AUX ital-2309 78 10 2010 2010 NUM ital-2309 78 11 . . PUNCT ital-2309 79 1 for for ADP ital-2309 79 2 district district NOUN ital-2309 79 3 - - PUNCT ital-2309 79 4 level level NOUN ital-2309 79 5 data datum NOUN ital-2309 79 6 , , PUNCT ital-2309 79 7 communication communication NOUN ital-2309 79 8 arts art NOUN ital-2309 79 9 data datum NOUN ital-2309 79 10 from from ADP ital-2309 79 11 the the DET ital-2309 79 12 missouri missouri PROPN ital-2309 79 13 department department PROPN ital-2309 79 14 of of ADP ital-2309 79 15 elementary elementary ADJ ital-2309 79 16 and and CCONJ ital-2309 79 17 secondary secondary ADJ ital-2309 79 18 education education NOUN ital-2309 79 19 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 79 20 modese modese ADJ ital-2309 79 21 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 79 22 website website NOUN ital-2309 79 23 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 79 24 http://dese.mo.gov/dsm http://dese.mo.gov/dsm PROPN ital-2309 79 25 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 79 26 , , PUNCT ital-2309 79 27 was be AUX ital-2309 79 28 entered enter VERB ital-2309 79 29 into into ADP ital-2309 79 30 microsoft microsoft PROPN ital-2309 79 31 excel excel PROPN ital-2309 79 32 , , PUNCT ital-2309 79 33 and and CCONJ ital-2309 79 34 then then ADV ital-2309 79 35 displayed display VERB ital-2309 79 36 on on ADP ital-2309 79 37 the the DET ital-2309 79 38 maps map NOUN ital-2309 79 39 . . PUNCT ital-2309 80 1 the the DET ital-2309 80 2 data data NOUN ital-2309 80 3 is be AUX ital-2309 80 4 district district NOUN ital-2309 80 5 level level NOUN ital-2309 80 6 , , PUNCT ital-2309 80 7 representing represent VERB ital-2309 80 8 all all DET ital-2309 80 9 grades grade NOUN ital-2309 80 10 tested test VERB ital-2309 80 11 for for ADP ital-2309 80 12 communication communication NOUN ital-2309 80 13 arts art NOUN ital-2309 80 14 across across ADP ital-2309 80 15 all all DET ital-2309 80 16 district district NOUN ital-2309 80 17 schools school NOUN ital-2309 80 18 . . PUNCT ital-2309 81 1 the the DET ital-2309 81 2 modese modese ADJ ital-2309 81 3 data datum NOUN ital-2309 81 4 was be AUX ital-2309 81 5 from from ADP ital-2309 81 6 2008 2008 NUM ital-2309 81 7 , , PUNCT ital-2309 81 8 the the DET ital-2309 81 9 most most ADV ital-2309 81 10 recent recent ADJ ital-2309 81 11 year year NOUN ital-2309 81 12 available available ADJ ital-2309 81 13 at at ADP ital-2309 81 14 the the DET ital-2309 81 15 time time NOUN ital-2309 81 16 the the DET ital-2309 81 17 analysis analysis NOUN ital-2309 81 18 was be AUX ital-2309 81 19 performed perform VERB ital-2309 81 20 . . PUNCT ital-2309 82 1 the the DET ital-2309 82 2 communication communication NOUN ital-2309 82 3 arts art NOUN ital-2309 82 4 data datum NOUN ital-2309 82 5 was be AUX ital-2309 82 6 taken take VERB ital-2309 82 7 from from ADP ital-2309 82 8 the the DET ital-2309 82 9 missouri missouri PROPN ital-2309 82 10 assessment assessment NOUN ital-2309 82 11 program program NOUN ital-2309 82 12 test test NOUN ital-2309 82 13 . . PUNCT ital-2309 83 1 this this DET ital-2309 83 2 test test NOUN ital-2309 83 3 is be AUX ital-2309 83 4 given give VERB ital-2309 83 5 yearly yearly ADV ital-2309 83 6 across across ADP ital-2309 83 7 the the DET ital-2309 83 8 state state NOUN ital-2309 83 9 to to ADP ital-2309 83 10 all all DET ital-2309 83 11 public public ADJ ital-2309 83 12 school school NOUN ital-2309 83 13 students student NOUN ital-2309 83 14 . . PUNCT ital-2309 84 1 the the DET ital-2309 84 2 state state NOUN ital-2309 84 3 then then ADV ital-2309 84 4 collects collect VERB ital-2309 84 5 the the DET ital-2309 84 6 data datum NOUN ital-2309 84 7 and and CCONJ ital-2309 84 8 makes make VERB ital-2309 84 9 it it PRON ital-2309 84 10 available available ADJ ital-2309 84 11 at at ADP ital-2309 84 12 the the DET ital-2309 84 13 state state NOUN ital-2309 84 14 , , PUNCT ital-2309 84 15 district district NOUN ital-2309 84 16 , , PUNCT ital-2309 84 17 and and CCONJ ital-2309 84 18 school school NOUN ital-2309 84 19 level level NOUN ital-2309 84 20 . . PUNCT ital-2309 85 1 the the DET ital-2309 85 2 data datum NOUN ital-2309 85 3 used use VERB ital-2309 85 4 here here ADV ital-2309 85 5 is be AUX ital-2309 85 6 district district NOUN ital-2309 85 7 - - PUNCT ital-2309 85 8 level level NOUN ital-2309 85 9 data datum NOUN ital-2309 85 10 . . PUNCT ital-2309 86 1 scores score NOUN ital-2309 86 2 are be AUX ital-2309 86 3 broken break VERB ital-2309 86 4 into into ADP ital-2309 86 5 four four NUM ital-2309 86 6 categories category NOUN ital-2309 86 7 : : PUNCT ital-2309 86 8 advanced advanced ADJ ital-2309 86 9 , , PUNCT ital-2309 86 10 proficient proficient ADJ ital-2309 86 11 , , PUNCT ital-2309 86 12 basic basic ADJ ital-2309 86 13 , , PUNCT ital-2309 86 14 and and CCONJ ital-2309 86 15 below below ADP ital-2309 86 16 basic basic ADJ ital-2309 86 17 . . PUNCT ital-2309 87 1 the the DET ital-2309 87 2 groups group NOUN ital-2309 87 3 for for ADP ital-2309 87 4 proficient proficient ADJ ital-2309 87 5 and and CCONJ ital-2309 87 6 advanced advanced ADJ ital-2309 87 7 were be AUX ital-2309 87 8 combined combine VERB ital-2309 87 9 to to PART ital-2309 87 10 indicate indicate VERB ital-2309 87 11 the the DET ital-2309 87 12 district district NOUN ital-2309 87 13 ’s ’s PART ital-2309 87 14 success success NOUN ital-2309 87 15 on on ADP ital-2309 87 16 the the DET ital-2309 87 17 map map NOUN ital-2309 87 18 test test NOUN ital-2309 87 19 . . PUNCT ital-2309 88 1 these these PRON ital-2309 88 2 are be AUX ital-2309 88 3 the the DET ital-2309 88 4 two two NUM ital-2309 88 5 levels level NOUN ital-2309 88 6 generally generally ADV ital-2309 88 7 considered consider VERB ital-2309 88 8 acceptable acceptable ADJ ital-2309 88 9 or or CCONJ ital-2309 88 10 passing pass VERB ital-2309 88 11 by by ADP ital-2309 88 12 the the DET ital-2309 88 13 state.30 state.30 NOUN ital-2309 88 14 before before ADV ital-2309 88 15 looking look VERB ital-2309 88 16 at at ADP ital-2309 88 17 patterns pattern NOUN ital-2309 88 18 of of ADP ital-2309 88 19 library library NOUN ital-2309 88 20 location location NOUN ital-2309 88 21 and and CCONJ ital-2309 88 22 these these DET ital-2309 88 23 socioeconomic socioeconomic ADJ ital-2309 88 24 and and CCONJ ital-2309 88 25 educational educational ADJ ital-2309 88 26 factors factor NOUN ital-2309 88 27 , , PUNCT ital-2309 88 28 density density NOUN ital-2309 88 29 analysis analysis NOUN ital-2309 88 30 was be AUX ital-2309 88 31 performed perform VERB ital-2309 88 32 on on ADP ital-2309 88 33 the the DET ital-2309 88 34 library library NOUN ital-2309 88 35 locations location NOUN ital-2309 88 36 using use VERB ital-2309 88 37 esri esri PROPN ital-2309 88 38 arcgis arcgis PROPN ital-2309 88 39 software software NOUN ital-2309 88 40 , , PUNCT ital-2309 88 41 version version NOUN ital-2309 88 42 9.0 9.0 NUM ital-2309 88 43 , , PUNCT ital-2309 88 44 to to PART ital-2309 88 45 analyze analyze VERB ital-2309 88 46 whether whether SCONJ ital-2309 88 47 clustering clustering NOUN ital-2309 88 48 was be AUX ital-2309 88 49 statistically statistically ADV ital-2309 88 50 significant significant ADJ ital-2309 88 51 . . PUNCT ital-2309 89 1 this this DET ital-2309 89 2 analysis analysis NOUN ital-2309 89 3 was be AUX ital-2309 89 4 used use VERB ital-2309 89 5 to to PART ital-2309 89 6 demonstrate demonstrate VERB ital-2309 89 7 whether whether SCONJ ital-2309 89 8 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 89 9 were be AUX ital-2309 89 10 clustered cluster VERB ital-2309 89 11 in in ADP ital-2309 89 12 a a DET ital-2309 89 13 statistically statistically ADV ital-2309 89 14 significant significant ADJ ital-2309 89 15 pattern pattern NOUN ital-2309 89 16 , , PUNCT ital-2309 89 17 or or CCONJ ital-2309 89 18 if if SCONJ ital-2309 89 19 location location NOUN ital-2309 89 20 was be AUX ital-2309 89 21 random random ADJ ital-2309 89 22 . . PUNCT ital-2309 90 1 the the DET ital-2309 90 2 nearest near ADJ ital-2309 90 3 neighbor neighbor NOUN ital-2309 90 4 tool tool NOUN ital-2309 90 5 of of ADP ital-2309 90 6 arcgis arcgis PROPN ital-2309 90 7 was be AUX ital-2309 90 8 used use VERB ital-2309 90 9 to to PART ital-2309 90 10 determine determine VERB ital-2309 90 11 if if SCONJ ital-2309 90 12 a a DET ital-2309 90 13 set set NOUN ital-2309 90 14 of of ADP ital-2309 90 15 features feature NOUN ital-2309 90 16 , , PUNCT ital-2309 90 17 in in ADP ital-2309 90 18 this this DET ital-2309 90 19 case case NOUN ital-2309 90 20 the the DET ital-2309 90 21 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 90 22 , , PUNCT ital-2309 90 23 shows show VERB ital-2309 90 24 a a DET ital-2309 90 25 statistically statistically ADV ital-2309 90 26 significant significant ADJ ital-2309 90 27 level level NOUN ital-2309 90 28 of of ADP ital-2309 90 29 clustering clustering NOUN ital-2309 90 30 . . PUNCT ital-2309 91 1 this this PRON ital-2309 91 2 was be AUX ital-2309 91 3 done do VERB ital-2309 91 4 by by ADP ital-2309 91 5 measuring measure VERB ital-2309 91 6 the the DET ital-2309 91 7 distance distance NOUN ital-2309 91 8 from from ADP ital-2309 91 9 each each DET ital-2309 91 10 library library NOUN ital-2309 91 11 to to ADP ital-2309 91 12 its its PRON ital-2309 91 13 single single ADJ ital-2309 91 14 nearest near ADJ ital-2309 91 15 neighbor neighbor NOUN ital-2309 91 16 and and CCONJ ital-2309 91 17 calculating calculate VERB ital-2309 91 18 the the DET ital-2309 91 19 average average ADJ ital-2309 91 20 distance distance NOUN ital-2309 91 21 of of ADP ital-2309 91 22 all all DET ital-2309 91 23 the the DET ital-2309 91 24 measurements measurement NOUN ital-2309 91 25 . . PUNCT ital-2309 92 1 the the DET ital-2309 92 2 tool tool NOUN ital-2309 92 3 then then ADV ital-2309 92 4 created create VERB ital-2309 92 5 a a DET ital-2309 92 6 hypothetical hypothetical ADJ ital-2309 92 7 set set NOUN ital-2309 92 8 of of ADP ital-2309 92 9 data datum NOUN ital-2309 92 10 with with ADP ital-2309 92 11 the the DET ital-2309 92 12 same same ADJ ital-2309 92 13 number number NOUN ital-2309 92 14 of of ADP ital-2309 92 15 features feature NOUN ital-2309 92 16 , , PUNCT ital-2309 92 17 but but CCONJ ital-2309 92 18 placed place VERB ital-2309 92 19 randomly randomly ADV ital-2309 92 20 within within ADP ital-2309 92 21 the the DET ital-2309 92 22 study study NOUN ital-2309 92 23 area area NOUN ital-2309 92 24 . . PUNCT ital-2309 93 1 then then ADV ital-2309 93 2 an an DET ital-2309 93 3 average average ADJ ital-2309 93 4 distance distance NOUN ital-2309 93 5 was be AUX ital-2309 93 6 calculated calculate VERB ital-2309 93 7 for for ADP ital-2309 93 8 these these DET ital-2309 93 9 features feature NOUN ital-2309 93 10 and and CCONJ ital-2309 93 11 compared compare VERB ital-2309 93 12 to to ADP ital-2309 93 13 the the DET ital-2309 93 14 real real ADJ ital-2309 93 15 data datum NOUN ital-2309 93 16 . . PUNCT ital-2309 94 1 that that PRON ital-2309 94 2 is is ADV ital-2309 94 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 94 4 a a DET ital-2309 94 5 hypothetical hypothetical ADJ ital-2309 94 6 random random ADJ ital-2309 94 7 set set NOUN ital-2309 94 8 of of ADP ital-2309 94 9 locations location NOUN ital-2309 94 10 was be AUX ital-2309 94 11 compared compare VERB ital-2309 94 12 to to ADP ital-2309 94 13 the the DET ital-2309 94 14 set set NOUN ital-2309 94 15 of of ADP ital-2309 94 16 actual actual ADJ ital-2309 94 17 library library NOUN ital-2309 94 18 locations location NOUN ital-2309 94 19 . . PUNCT ital-2309 95 1 a a DET ital-2309 95 2 near near ADJ ital-2309 95 3 - - PUNCT ital-2309 95 4 neighbor neighbor NOUN ital-2309 95 5 index index NOUN ital-2309 95 6 was be AUX ital-2309 95 7 produced produce VERB ital-2309 95 8 , , PUNCT ital-2309 95 9 which which PRON ital-2309 95 10 expresses express VERB ital-2309 95 11 the the DET ital-2309 95 12 ratio ratio NOUN ital-2309 95 13 of of ADP ital-2309 95 14 the the DET ital-2309 95 15 observed observed ADJ ital-2309 95 16 distance distance NOUN ital-2309 95 17 divided divide VERB ital-2309 95 18 by by ADP ital-2309 95 19 the the DET ital-2309 95 20 distance distance NOUN ital-2309 95 21 from from ADP ital-2309 95 22 the the DET ital-2309 95 23 hypothetical hypothetical ADJ ital-2309 95 24 data datum NOUN ital-2309 95 25 , , PUNCT ital-2309 95 26 thus thus ADV ital-2309 95 27 comparing compare VERB ital-2309 95 28 the the DET ital-2309 95 29 two two NUM ital-2309 95 30 sets.31 sets.31 NOUN ital-2309 95 31 this this DET ital-2309 95 32 score score NOUN ital-2309 95 33 was be AUX ital-2309 95 34 then then ADV ital-2309 95 35 standardized standardize VERB ital-2309 95 36 , , PUNCT ital-2309 95 37 producing produce VERB ital-2309 95 38 a a DET ital-2309 95 39 z z NOUN ital-2309 95 40 - - NOUN ital-2309 95 41 score score NOUN ital-2309 95 42 , , PUNCT ital-2309 95 43 reported report VERB ital-2309 95 44 below below ADV ital-2309 95 45 in in ADP ital-2309 95 46 the the DET ital-2309 95 47 results result NOUN ital-2309 95 48 section section NOUN ital-2309 95 49 . . PUNCT ital-2309 96 1 http://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/tiger.html http://www.census.gov/geo/maps-data/data/tiger.html PROPN ital-2309 96 2 http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml http://factfinder2.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/index.xhtml PROPN ital-2309 96 3 http://www.slpl.org/slpl/library/article240098545.asp http://www.slpl.org/slpl/library/article240098545.asp NOUN ital-2309 96 4 http://www.slcl.org/about/hours_and_locations http://www.slcl.org/about/hours_and_location NOUN ital-2309 96 5 http://www.maps.google.com/ http://www.maps.google.com/ VERB ital-2309 96 6 http://www.yellowpages.com/ http://www.yellowpages.com/ NOUN ital-2309 97 1 http://dese.mo.gov/dsm http://dese.mo.gov/dsm PROPN ital-2309 97 2 information information NOUN ital-2309 97 3 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 97 4 and and CCONJ ital-2309 97 5 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 97 6 | | NOUN ital-2309 97 7 december december PROPN ital-2309 97 8 2013 2013 NUM ital-2309 97 9 58 58 NUM ital-2309 97 10 results result NOUN ital-2309 97 11 and and CCONJ ital-2309 97 12 conclusions conclusion NOUN ital-2309 97 13 using use VERB ital-2309 97 14 the the DET ital-2309 97 15 nearest near ADJ ital-2309 97 16 neighbor neighbor NOUN ital-2309 97 17 tool tool NOUN ital-2309 97 18 produced produce VERB ital-2309 97 19 a a DET ital-2309 97 20 z z NOUN ital-2309 97 21 - - PUNCT ital-2309 97 22 score score NOUN ital-2309 97 23 of of ADP ital-2309 97 24 -3.08 -3.08 NUM ital-2309 97 25 , , PUNCT ital-2309 97 26 showing show VERB ital-2309 97 27 that that SCONJ ital-2309 97 28 the the DET ital-2309 97 29 data datum NOUN ital-2309 97 30 is be AUX ital-2309 97 31 clustered cluster VERB ital-2309 97 32 beyond beyond ADP ital-2309 97 33 the the DET ital-2309 97 34 0.01 0.01 NUM ital-2309 97 35 significance significance NOUN ital-2309 97 36 level level NOUN ital-2309 97 37 . . PUNCT ital-2309 98 1 this this PRON ital-2309 98 2 means mean VERB ital-2309 98 3 that that SCONJ ital-2309 98 4 there there PRON ital-2309 98 5 is be VERB ital-2309 98 6 a a DET ital-2309 98 7 less less ADJ ital-2309 98 8 than than ADP ital-2309 98 9 1 1 NUM ital-2309 98 10 percent percent NOUN ital-2309 98 11 chance chance NOUN ital-2309 98 12 that that SCONJ ital-2309 98 13 library library NOUN ital-2309 98 14 location location NOUN ital-2309 98 15 would would AUX ital-2309 98 16 be be AUX ital-2309 98 17 clustered cluster VERB ital-2309 98 18 to to ADP ital-2309 98 19 this this DET ital-2309 98 20 degree degree NOUN ital-2309 98 21 based base VERB ital-2309 98 22 on on ADP ital-2309 98 23 chance chance NOUN ital-2309 98 24 . . PUNCT ital-2309 99 1 knowing know VERB ital-2309 99 2 , , PUNCT ital-2309 99 3 then then ADV ital-2309 99 4 , , PUNCT ital-2309 99 5 that that SCONJ ital-2309 99 6 library library NOUN ital-2309 99 7 location location NOUN ital-2309 99 8 is be AUX ital-2309 99 9 not not PART ital-2309 99 10 random random ADJ ital-2309 99 11 , , PUNCT ital-2309 99 12 we we PRON ital-2309 99 13 can can AUX ital-2309 99 14 now now ADV ital-2309 99 15 examine examine VERB ital-2309 99 16 socioeconomic socioeconomic ADJ ital-2309 99 17 patterns pattern NOUN ital-2309 99 18 of of ADP ital-2309 99 19 the the DET ital-2309 99 20 areas area NOUN ital-2309 99 21 where where SCONJ ital-2309 99 22 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 99 23 are be AUX ital-2309 99 24 located locate VERB ital-2309 99 25 . . PUNCT ital-2309 100 1 figure figure VERB ital-2309 100 2 1 1 NUM ital-2309 100 3 shows show VERB ital-2309 100 4 library library NOUN ital-2309 100 5 location location NOUN ital-2309 100 6 and and CCONJ ital-2309 100 7 population population NOUN ital-2309 100 8 of of ADP ital-2309 100 9 individuals individual NOUN ital-2309 100 10 under under ADP ital-2309 100 11 the the DET ital-2309 100 12 age age NOUN ital-2309 100 13 of of ADP ital-2309 100 14 18 18 NUM ital-2309 100 15 at at ADP ital-2309 100 16 the the DET ital-2309 100 17 census census NOUN ital-2309 100 18 tract tract NOUN ital-2309 100 19 level level NOUN ital-2309 100 20 for for ADP ital-2309 100 21 st st PROPN ital-2309 100 22 . . PROPN ital-2309 100 23 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 100 24 city city PROPN ital-2309 100 25 and and CCONJ ital-2309 100 26 county county NOUN ital-2309 100 27 , , PUNCT ital-2309 100 28 using use VERB ital-2309 100 29 data datum NOUN ital-2309 100 30 from from ADP ital-2309 100 31 the the DET ital-2309 100 32 2010 2010 NUM ital-2309 100 33 us us PROPN ital-2309 100 34 census census NOUN ital-2309 100 35 . . PUNCT ital-2309 101 1 to to PART ital-2309 101 2 clarify clarify VERB ital-2309 101 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 101 4 the the DET ital-2309 101 5 city city NOUN ital-2309 101 6 and and CCONJ ital-2309 101 7 county county NOUN ital-2309 101 8 are be AUX ital-2309 101 9 divided divide VERB ital-2309 101 10 by by ADP ital-2309 101 11 the the DET ital-2309 101 12 bold bold ADJ ital-2309 101 13 black black ADJ ital-2309 101 14 line line NOUN ital-2309 101 15 crossing cross VERB ital-2309 101 16 the the DET ital-2309 101 17 middle middle NOUN ital-2309 101 18 of of ADP ital-2309 101 19 the the DET ital-2309 101 20 map map NOUN ital-2309 101 21 , , PUNCT ital-2309 101 22 the the DET ital-2309 101 23 only only ADJ ital-2309 101 24 such such ADJ ital-2309 101 25 boundary boundary NOUN ital-2309 101 26 in in ADP ital-2309 101 27 figure figure NOUN ital-2309 101 28 1 1 NUM ital-2309 101 29 , , PUNCT ital-2309 101 30 where where SCONJ ital-2309 101 31 the the DET ital-2309 101 32 county county NOUN ital-2309 101 33 is be AUX ital-2309 101 34 the the DET ital-2309 101 35 larger large ADJ ital-2309 101 36 geographic geographic ADJ ital-2309 101 37 area area NOUN ital-2309 101 38 . . PUNCT ital-2309 102 1 library library NOUN ital-2309 102 2 location location NOUN ital-2309 102 3 is be AUX ital-2309 102 4 important important ADJ ital-2309 102 5 because because SCONJ ital-2309 102 6 previous previous ADJ ital-2309 102 7 research research NOUN ital-2309 102 8 shows show VERB ital-2309 102 9 that that SCONJ ital-2309 102 10 young young ADJ ital-2309 102 11 people people NOUN ital-2309 102 12 use use VERB ital-2309 102 13 informal informal ADJ ital-2309 102 14 learning learning NOUN ital-2309 102 15 environments environment NOUN ital-2309 102 16 to to PART ital-2309 102 17 access access VERB ital-2309 102 18 new new ADJ ital-2309 102 19 media medium NOUN ital-2309 102 20 technologies,32 technologies,32 NOUN ital-2309 102 21 and and CCONJ ital-2309 102 22 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 102 23 are be AUX ital-2309 102 24 a a DET ital-2309 102 25 key key ADJ ital-2309 102 26 informal informal ADJ ital-2309 102 27 learning learning NOUN ital-2309 102 28 environment.33 environment.33 ADP ital-2309 102 29 this this DET ital-2309 102 30 map map NOUN ital-2309 102 31 demonstrates demonstrate VERB ital-2309 102 32 , , PUNCT ital-2309 102 33 however however ADV ital-2309 102 34 , , PUNCT ital-2309 102 35 that that SCONJ ital-2309 102 36 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 102 37 are be AUX ital-2309 102 38 not not PART ital-2309 102 39 located locate VERB ital-2309 102 40 in in ADP ital-2309 102 41 census census NOUN ital-2309 102 42 tracts tract NOUN ital-2309 102 43 with with ADP ital-2309 102 44 the the DET ital-2309 102 45 highest high ADJ ital-2309 102 46 populations population NOUN ital-2309 102 47 of of ADP ital-2309 102 48 individuals individual NOUN ital-2309 102 49 under under ADP ital-2309 102 50 the the DET ital-2309 102 51 age age NOUN ital-2309 102 52 of of ADP ital-2309 102 53 18 18 NUM ital-2309 102 54 in in ADP ital-2309 102 55 st st PROPN ital-2309 102 56 . . PROPN ital-2309 102 57 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 102 58 city city PROPN ital-2309 102 59 and and CCONJ ital-2309 102 60 county county NOUN ital-2309 102 61 . . PUNCT ital-2309 103 1 in in ADP ital-2309 103 2 fact fact NOUN ital-2309 103 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 103 4 for for ADP ital-2309 103 5 all all DET ital-2309 103 6 the the DET ital-2309 103 7 tracts tract NOUN ital-2309 103 8 with with ADP ital-2309 103 9 the the DET ital-2309 103 10 highest high ADJ ital-2309 103 11 number number NOUN ital-2309 103 12 of of ADP ital-2309 103 13 individuals individual NOUN ital-2309 103 14 under under ADP ital-2309 103 15 the the DET ital-2309 103 16 age age NOUN ital-2309 103 17 of of ADP ital-2309 103 18 18 18 NUM ital-2309 103 19 , , PUNCT ital-2309 103 20 there there PRON ital-2309 103 21 are be VERB ital-2309 103 22 zero zero NUM ital-2309 103 23 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 103 24 located locate VERB ital-2309 103 25 in in ADP ital-2309 103 26 these these DET ital-2309 103 27 tracts tract NOUN ital-2309 103 28 . . PUNCT ital-2309 104 1 this this PRON ital-2309 104 2 is be AUX ital-2309 104 3 especially especially ADV ital-2309 104 4 concerning concern VERB ital-2309 104 5 given give VERB ital-2309 104 6 that that SCONJ ital-2309 104 7 young young ADJ ital-2309 104 8 people people NOUN ital-2309 104 9 may may AUX ital-2309 104 10 have have AUX ital-2309 104 11 less less ADJ ital-2309 104 12 access access NOUN ital-2309 104 13 to to ADP ital-2309 104 14 transportation transportation NOUN ital-2309 104 15 , , PUNCT ital-2309 104 16 so so ADV ital-2309 104 17 their their PRON ital-2309 104 18 access access NOUN ital-2309 104 19 of of ADP ital-2309 104 20 facilities facility NOUN ital-2309 104 21 in in ADP ital-2309 104 22 neighboring neighbor VERB ital-2309 104 23 census census NOUN ital-2309 104 24 tracts tract NOUN ital-2309 104 25 may may AUX ital-2309 104 26 be be AUX ital-2309 104 27 quite quite ADV ital-2309 104 28 limited limited ADJ ital-2309 104 29 . . PUNCT ital-2309 105 1 figure figure NOUN ital-2309 105 2 1 1 NUM ital-2309 105 3 . . NUM ital-2309 105 4 number number NOUN ital-2309 105 5 of of ADP ital-2309 105 6 individuals individual NOUN ital-2309 105 7 under under ADP ital-2309 105 8 the the DET ital-2309 105 9 age age NOUN ital-2309 105 10 of of ADP ital-2309 105 11 18 18 NUM ital-2309 105 12 by by ADP ital-2309 105 13 census census NOUN ital-2309 105 14 tract tract NOUN ital-2309 105 15 and and CCONJ ital-2309 105 16 library library NOUN ital-2309 105 17 location location NOUN ital-2309 105 18 in in ADP ital-2309 105 19 st st PROPN ital-2309 105 20 . . PROPN ital-2309 105 21 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 105 22 city city PROPN ital-2309 105 23 and and CCONJ ital-2309 105 24 st st PROPN ital-2309 105 25 . . PROPN ital-2309 105 26 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 105 27 county county PROPN ital-2309 105 28 . . PUNCT ital-2309 106 1 source source NOUN ital-2309 106 2 : : PUNCT ital-2309 106 3 2010 2010 NUM ital-2309 106 4 us us PROPN ital-2309 106 5 census census NOUN ital-2309 106 6 . . PUNCT ital-2309 107 1 social social ADJ ital-2309 107 2 contexts contexts PROPN ital-2309 107 3 of of ADP ital-2309 107 4 new new ADJ ital-2309 107 5 media medium NOUN ital-2309 107 6 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 107 7 : : PUNCT ital-2309 107 8 mapping mapping NOUN ital-2309 107 9 libraries| libraries| ADJ ital-2309 107 10 thorne thorne NOUN ital-2309 107 11 - - PUNCT ital-2309 107 12 wallington wallington NOUN ital-2309 107 13 59 59 NUM ital-2309 107 14 figure figure NOUN ital-2309 107 15 2 2 NUM ital-2309 107 16 includes include VERB ital-2309 107 17 maps map NOUN ital-2309 107 18 showing show VERB ital-2309 107 19 library library NOUN ital-2309 107 20 locations location NOUN ital-2309 107 21 in in ADP ital-2309 107 22 st st PROPN ital-2309 107 23 . . PROPN ital-2309 107 24 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 107 25 city city PROPN ital-2309 107 26 and and CCONJ ital-2309 107 27 county county NOUN ital-2309 107 28 in in ADP ital-2309 107 29 terms term NOUN ital-2309 107 30 of of ADP ital-2309 107 31 poverty poverty NOUN ital-2309 107 32 and and CCONJ ital-2309 107 33 race race NOUN ital-2309 107 34 by by ADP ital-2309 107 35 census census NOUN ital-2309 107 36 tract tract NOUN ital-2309 107 37 level level NOUN ital-2309 107 38 , , PUNCT ital-2309 107 39 as as ADV ital-2309 107 40 well well ADV ital-2309 107 41 as as ADP ital-2309 107 42 act act NOUN ital-2309 107 43 score score NOUN ital-2309 107 44 by by ADP ital-2309 107 45 district district NOUN ital-2309 107 46 , , PUNCT ital-2309 107 47 represented represent VERB ital-2309 107 48 by by ADP ital-2309 107 49 the the DET ital-2309 107 50 bold bold ADJ ital-2309 107 51 lines line NOUN ital-2309 107 52 , , PUNCT ital-2309 107 53 where where SCONJ ital-2309 107 54 st st PROPN ital-2309 107 55 . . PROPN ital-2309 107 56 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 107 57 city city PROPN ital-2309 107 58 is be AUX ital-2309 107 59 represented represent VERB ital-2309 107 60 by by ADP ital-2309 107 61 a a DET ital-2309 107 62 single single ADJ ital-2309 107 63 district district NOUN ital-2309 107 64 , , PUNCT ital-2309 107 65 the the DET ital-2309 107 66 st st PROPN ital-2309 107 67 . . PROPN ital-2309 107 68 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 107 69 public public PROPN ital-2309 107 70 school school NOUN ital-2309 107 71 district district NOUN ital-2309 107 72 . . PUNCT ital-2309 108 1 median median ADJ ital-2309 108 2 household household NOUN ital-2309 108 3 income income NOUN ital-2309 108 4 in in ADP ital-2309 108 5 indicated indicate VERB ital-2309 108 6 by by ADP ital-2309 108 7 the the DET ital-2309 108 8 gray gray ADJ ital-2309 108 9 shading shading NOUN ital-2309 108 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 108 11 with with ADP ital-2309 108 12 white white ADJ ital-2309 108 13 areas area NOUN ital-2309 108 14 not not PART ital-2309 108 15 having have VERB ital-2309 108 16 data datum NOUN ital-2309 108 17 available available ADJ ital-2309 108 18 . . PUNCT ital-2309 109 1 first first ADJ ital-2309 109 2 , , PUNCT ital-2309 109 3 census census NOUN ital-2309 109 4 tracts tract NOUN ital-2309 109 5 with with ADP ital-2309 109 6 low low ADJ ital-2309 109 7 median median ADJ ital-2309 109 8 household household NOUN ital-2309 109 9 income income NOUN ital-2309 109 10 are be AUX ital-2309 109 11 clustered cluster VERB ital-2309 109 12 in in ADP ital-2309 109 13 the the DET ital-2309 109 14 northern northern ADJ ital-2309 109 15 part part NOUN ital-2309 109 16 of of ADP ital-2309 109 17 the the DET ital-2309 109 18 city city NOUN ital-2309 109 19 and and CCONJ ital-2309 109 20 county county NOUN ital-2309 109 21 . . PUNCT ital-2309 110 1 there there PRON ital-2309 110 2 are be VERB ital-2309 110 3 four four NUM ital-2309 110 4 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 110 5 in in ADP ital-2309 110 6 the the DET ital-2309 110 7 northern northern ADJ ital-2309 110 8 half half NOUN ital-2309 110 9 of of ADP ital-2309 110 10 the the DET ital-2309 110 11 city city NOUN ital-2309 110 12 , , PUNCT ital-2309 110 13 and and CCONJ ital-2309 110 14 eleven eleven NUM ital-2309 110 15 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 110 16 in in ADP ital-2309 110 17 the the DET ital-2309 110 18 central central ADJ ital-2309 110 19 and and CCONJ ital-2309 110 20 southern southern ADJ ital-2309 110 21 parts part NOUN ital-2309 110 22 of of ADP ital-2309 110 23 the the DET ital-2309 110 24 city city NOUN ital-2309 110 25 . . PUNCT ital-2309 111 1 there there PRON ital-2309 111 2 are be VERB ital-2309 111 3 fewer few ADJ ital-2309 111 4 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 111 5 in in ADP ital-2309 111 6 the the DET ital-2309 111 7 census census NOUN ital-2309 111 8 tracts tract NOUN ital-2309 111 9 with with ADP ital-2309 111 10 low low ADJ ital-2309 111 11 median median ADJ ital-2309 111 12 household household NOUN ital-2309 111 13 income income NOUN ital-2309 111 14 . . PUNCT ital-2309 112 1 figure figure NOUN ital-2309 112 2 2 2 NUM ital-2309 112 3 . . PUNCT ital-2309 112 4 median median ADJ ital-2309 112 5 household household NOUN ital-2309 112 6 income income NOUN ital-2309 112 7 , , PUNCT ital-2309 112 8 act act NOUN ital-2309 112 9 score score NOUN ital-2309 112 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 112 11 and and CCONJ ital-2309 112 12 library library NOUN ital-2309 112 13 location location NOUN ital-2309 112 14 , , PUNCT ital-2309 112 15 st st PROPN ital-2309 112 16 . . PROPN ital-2309 112 17 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 112 18 city city PROPN ital-2309 112 19 and and CCONJ ital-2309 112 20 county county NOUN ital-2309 112 21 . . PUNCT ital-2309 113 1 source source NOUN ital-2309 113 2 : : PUNCT ital-2309 113 3 2010 2010 NUM ital-2309 113 4 us us PROPN ital-2309 113 5 census census NOUN ital-2309 113 6 and and CCONJ ital-2309 113 7 missouri missouri PROPN ital-2309 113 8 department department PROPN ital-2309 113 9 of of ADP ital-2309 113 10 elementary elementary ADJ ital-2309 113 11 and and CCONJ ital-2309 113 12 secondary secondary ADJ ital-2309 113 13 education education NOUN ital-2309 113 14 , , PUNCT ital-2309 113 15 2010 2010 NUM ital-2309 113 16 , , PUNCT ital-2309 113 17 www.modese.gov www.modese.gov NOUN ital-2309 113 18 . . PUNCT ital-2309 114 1 while while SCONJ ital-2309 114 2 the the DET ital-2309 114 3 nearest near ADJ ital-2309 114 4 neighbor neighbor NOUN ital-2309 114 5 analysis analysis NOUN ital-2309 114 6 has have AUX ital-2309 114 7 already already ADV ital-2309 114 8 demonstrated demonstrate VERB ital-2309 114 9 the the DET ital-2309 114 10 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 114 11 are be AUX ital-2309 114 12 significantly significantly ADV ital-2309 114 13 clustered cluster VERB ital-2309 114 14 , , PUNCT ital-2309 114 15 the the DET ital-2309 114 16 maps map NOUN ital-2309 114 17 seem seem VERB ital-2309 114 18 to to PART ital-2309 114 19 suggest suggest VERB ital-2309 114 20 the the DET ital-2309 114 21 pattern pattern NOUN ital-2309 114 22 of of ADP ital-2309 114 23 that that DET ital-2309 114 24 clustering clustering NOUN ital-2309 114 25 . . PUNCT ital-2309 115 1 this this PRON ital-2309 115 2 is be AUX ital-2309 115 3 especially especially ADV ital-2309 115 4 concerning concern VERB ital-2309 115 5 given give VERB ital-2309 115 6 the the DET ital-2309 115 7 report report NOUN ital-2309 115 8 by by ADP ital-2309 115 9 becker becker NOUN ital-2309 115 10 that that SCONJ ital-2309 115 11 61 61 NUM ital-2309 115 12 percent percent NOUN ital-2309 115 13 of of ADP ital-2309 115 14 those those PRON ital-2309 115 15 living live VERB ital-2309 115 16 below below ADP ital-2309 115 17 the the DET ital-2309 115 18 poverty poverty NOUN ital-2309 115 19 line line NOUN ital-2309 115 20 use use NOUN ital-2309 115 21 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 115 22 to to PART ital-2309 115 23 access access VERB ital-2309 115 24 the the DET ital-2309 115 25 internet.34 internet.34 NOUN ital-2309 115 26 first first ADV ital-2309 115 27 , , PUNCT ital-2309 115 28 in in ADP ital-2309 115 29 terms term NOUN ital-2309 115 30 of of ADP ital-2309 115 31 median median ADJ ital-2309 115 32 household household NOUN ital-2309 115 33 income income NOUN ital-2309 115 34 , , PUNCT ital-2309 115 35 it it PRON ital-2309 115 36 does do AUX ital-2309 115 37 appear appear VERB ital-2309 115 38 that that SCONJ ital-2309 115 39 many many ADJ ital-2309 115 40 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 115 41 are be AUX ital-2309 115 42 located locate VERB ital-2309 115 43 in in ADP ital-2309 115 44 higher high ADJ ital-2309 115 45 income income NOUN ital-2309 115 46 areas area NOUN ital-2309 115 47 of of ADP ital-2309 115 48 the the DET ital-2309 115 49 city city NOUN ital-2309 115 50 and and CCONJ ital-2309 115 51 county county NOUN ital-2309 115 52 . . PUNCT ital-2309 116 1 while while SCONJ ital-2309 116 2 the the DET ital-2309 116 3 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 116 4 appear appear VERB ital-2309 116 5 to to PART ital-2309 116 6 be be AUX ital-2309 116 7 http://www.modese.gov/ http://www.modese.gov/ ADV ital-2309 116 8 information information NOUN ital-2309 116 9 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 116 10 and and CCONJ ital-2309 116 11 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 116 12 | | NOUN ital-2309 116 13 december december PROPN ital-2309 116 14 2013 2013 NUM ital-2309 116 15 60 60 NUM ital-2309 116 16 clustered cluster VERB ital-2309 116 17 centrally centrally ADV ital-2309 116 18 , , PUNCT ital-2309 116 19 and and CCONJ ital-2309 116 20 particularly particularly ADV ital-2309 116 21 near near ADP ital-2309 116 22 major major ADJ ital-2309 116 23 freeways freeway NOUN ital-2309 116 24 , , PUNCT ital-2309 116 25 there there PRON ital-2309 116 26 appear appear VERB ital-2309 116 27 to to PART ital-2309 116 28 be be AUX ital-2309 116 29 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 116 30 in in ADP ital-2309 116 31 many many ADJ ital-2309 116 32 of of ADP ital-2309 116 33 the the DET ital-2309 116 34 higher high ADJ ital-2309 116 35 income income NOUN ital-2309 116 36 census census NOUN ital-2309 116 37 tracts tract NOUN ital-2309 116 38 . . PUNCT ital-2309 117 1 adding add VERB ital-2309 117 2 to to ADP ital-2309 117 3 the the DET ital-2309 117 4 concern concern NOUN ital-2309 117 5 of of ADP ital-2309 117 6 location location NOUN ital-2309 117 7 is be AUX ital-2309 117 8 that that PRON ital-2309 117 9 of of ADP ital-2309 117 10 access access NOUN ital-2309 117 11 to to ADP ital-2309 117 12 these these DET ital-2309 117 13 library library NOUN ital-2309 117 14 locations location NOUN ital-2309 117 15 . . PUNCT ital-2309 118 1 for for ADP ital-2309 118 2 those those PRON ital-2309 118 3 living live VERB ital-2309 118 4 below below ADP ital-2309 118 5 the the DET ital-2309 118 6 poverty poverty NOUN ital-2309 118 7 line line NOUN ital-2309 118 8 , , PUNCT ital-2309 118 9 transportation transportation NOUN ital-2309 118 10 is be AUX ital-2309 118 11 often often ADV ital-2309 118 12 a a DET ital-2309 118 13 prohibitive prohibitive ADJ ital-2309 118 14 cost cost NOUN ital-2309 118 15 , , PUNCT ital-2309 118 16 so so CCONJ ital-2309 118 17 access access NOUN ital-2309 118 18 from from ADP ital-2309 118 19 public public ADJ ital-2309 118 20 transportation transportation NOUN ital-2309 118 21 should should AUX ital-2309 118 22 also also ADV ital-2309 118 23 be be AUX ital-2309 118 24 a a DET ital-2309 118 25 major major ADJ ital-2309 118 26 concern concern NOUN ital-2309 118 27 for for ADP ital-2309 118 28 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 118 29 . . PUNCT ital-2309 119 1 additionally additionally ADV ital-2309 119 2 , , PUNCT ital-2309 119 3 in in ADP ital-2309 119 4 a a DET ital-2309 119 5 pattern pattern NOUN ital-2309 119 6 repeated repeat VERB ital-2309 119 7 in in ADP ital-2309 119 8 figure figure NOUN ital-2309 119 9 4 4 NUM ital-2309 119 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 119 11 the the DET ital-2309 119 12 location location NOUN ital-2309 119 13 of of ADP ital-2309 119 14 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 119 15 does do AUX ital-2309 119 16 not not PART ital-2309 119 17 appear appear VERB ital-2309 119 18 to to PART ital-2309 119 19 have have VERB ital-2309 119 20 any any DET ital-2309 119 21 effect effect NOUN ital-2309 119 22 on on ADP ital-2309 119 23 act act NOUN ital-2309 119 24 scores score NOUN ital-2309 119 25 , , PUNCT ital-2309 119 26 but but CCONJ ital-2309 119 27 there there PRON ital-2309 119 28 are be VERB ital-2309 119 29 clearly clearly ADV ital-2309 119 30 higher high ADJ ital-2309 119 31 act act NOUN ital-2309 119 32 scores score NOUN ital-2309 119 33 in in ADP ital-2309 119 34 wealthier wealthy ADJ ital-2309 119 35 areas area NOUN ital-2309 119 36 of of ADP ital-2309 119 37 the the DET ital-2309 119 38 city city NOUN ital-2309 119 39 and and CCONJ ital-2309 119 40 county county NOUN ital-2309 119 41 . . PUNCT ital-2309 120 1 this this PRON ital-2309 120 2 is be AUX ital-2309 120 3 not not PART ital-2309 120 4 to to PART ital-2309 120 5 say say VERB ital-2309 120 6 that that SCONJ ital-2309 120 7 there there PRON ital-2309 120 8 is be VERB ital-2309 120 9 a a DET ital-2309 120 10 statistical statistical ADJ ital-2309 120 11 relationship relationship NOUN ital-2309 120 12 between between ADP ital-2309 120 13 act act NOUN ital-2309 120 14 score score NOUN ital-2309 120 15 and and CCONJ ital-2309 120 16 library library NOUN ital-2309 120 17 location location NOUN ital-2309 120 18 , , PUNCT ital-2309 120 19 but but CCONJ ital-2309 120 20 rather rather ADV ital-2309 120 21 to to PART ital-2309 120 22 look look VERB ital-2309 120 23 at at ADP ital-2309 120 24 the the DET ital-2309 120 25 spatial spatial ADJ ital-2309 120 26 patterns pattern NOUN ital-2309 120 27 of of ADP ital-2309 120 28 each each PRON ital-2309 120 29 in in ADP ital-2309 120 30 order order NOUN ital-2309 120 31 to to PART ital-2309 120 32 note note VERB ital-2309 120 33 similarities similarity NOUN ital-2309 120 34 and and CCONJ ital-2309 120 35 differences difference NOUN ital-2309 120 36 in in ADP ital-2309 120 37 these these DET ital-2309 120 38 patterns pattern NOUN ital-2309 120 39 . . PUNCT ital-2309 121 1 figure figure VERB ital-2309 121 2 3 3 NUM ital-2309 121 3 shows show VERB ital-2309 121 4 library library NOUN ital-2309 121 5 location location NOUN ital-2309 121 6 by by ADP ital-2309 121 7 race race NOUN ital-2309 121 8 , , PUNCT ital-2309 121 9 including include VERB ital-2309 121 10 african african ADJ ital-2309 121 11 american american ADJ ital-2309 121 12 or or CCONJ ital-2309 121 13 black black ADJ ital-2309 121 14 and and CCONJ ital-2309 121 15 hispanic hispanic ADJ ital-2309 121 16 or or CCONJ ital-2309 121 17 latino latino ADJ ital-2309 121 18 . . PUNCT ital-2309 122 1 first first ADV ital-2309 122 2 , , PUNCT ital-2309 122 3 it it PRON ital-2309 122 4 is be AUX ital-2309 122 5 important important ADJ ital-2309 122 6 to to PART ital-2309 122 7 note note VERB ital-2309 122 8 that that SCONJ ital-2309 122 9 patterns pattern NOUN ital-2309 122 10 of of ADP ital-2309 122 11 race race NOUN ital-2309 122 12 in in ADP ital-2309 122 13 st st PROPN ital-2309 122 14 . . PROPN ital-2309 122 15 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 122 16 have have AUX ital-2309 122 17 been be AUX ital-2309 122 18 carefully carefully ADV ital-2309 122 19 documented document VERB ital-2309 122 20 by by ADP ital-2309 122 21 gordon.35 gordon.35 NOUN ital-2309 122 22 the the DET ital-2309 122 23 st st PROPN ital-2309 122 24 . . PROPN ital-2309 122 25 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 122 26 area area NOUN ital-2309 122 27 is be AUX ital-2309 122 28 clearly clearly ADV ital-2309 122 29 a a DET ital-2309 122 30 highly highly ADV ital-2309 122 31 segregated segregate VERB ital-2309 122 32 region region NOUN ital-2309 122 33 , , PUNCT ital-2309 122 34 which which PRON ital-2309 122 35 makes make VERB ital-2309 122 36 the the DET ital-2309 122 37 social social ADJ ital-2309 122 38 contexts context NOUN ital-2309 122 39 of of ADP ital-2309 122 40 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 122 41 in in ADP ital-2309 122 42 the the DET ital-2309 122 43 st st PROPN ital-2309 122 44 . . PROPN ital-2309 122 45 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 122 46 area area PROPN ital-2309 122 47 even even ADV ital-2309 122 48 more more ADV ital-2309 122 49 important important ADJ ital-2309 122 50 . . PUNCT ital-2309 123 1 this this DET ital-2309 123 2 map map NOUN ital-2309 123 3 demonstrates demonstrate VERB ital-2309 123 4 that that SCONJ ital-2309 123 5 while while SCONJ ital-2309 123 6 there there PRON ital-2309 123 7 are be VERB ital-2309 123 8 many many ADJ ital-2309 123 9 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 123 10 in in ADP ital-2309 123 11 the the DET ital-2309 123 12 northern northern ADJ ital-2309 123 13 parts part NOUN ital-2309 123 14 of of ADP ital-2309 123 15 st st PROPN ital-2309 123 16 . . PROPN ital-2309 123 17 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 123 18 city city PROPN ital-2309 123 19 and and CCONJ ital-2309 123 20 county county NOUN ital-2309 123 21 , , PUNCT ital-2309 123 22 none none NOUN ital-2309 123 23 of of ADP ital-2309 123 24 these these DET ital-2309 123 25 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 123 26 is be AUX ital-2309 123 27 located locate VERB ital-2309 123 28 in in ADP ital-2309 123 29 the the DET ital-2309 123 30 census census NOUN ital-2309 123 31 tracts tract NOUN ital-2309 123 32 with with ADP ital-2309 123 33 the the DET ital-2309 123 34 highest high ADJ ital-2309 123 35 populations population NOUN ital-2309 123 36 of of ADP ital-2309 123 37 those those PRON ital-2309 123 38 identifying identify VERB ital-2309 123 39 themselves themselves PRON ital-2309 123 40 as as ADP ital-2309 123 41 african african ADJ ital-2309 123 42 american american PROPN ital-2309 123 43 or or CCONJ ital-2309 123 44 black black ADJ ital-2309 123 45 in in ADP ital-2309 123 46 either either CCONJ ital-2309 123 47 the the DET ital-2309 123 48 city city NOUN ital-2309 123 49 or or CCONJ ital-2309 123 50 county county NOUN ital-2309 123 51 . . PUNCT ital-2309 124 1 this this PRON ital-2309 124 2 raises raise VERB ital-2309 124 3 questions question NOUN ital-2309 124 4 about about ADP ital-2309 124 5 the the DET ital-2309 124 6 inequality inequality NOUN ital-2309 124 7 of of ADP ital-2309 124 8 access access NOUN ital-2309 124 9 to to ADP ital-2309 124 10 the the DET ital-2309 124 11 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 124 12 . . PUNCT ital-2309 125 1 on on ADP ital-2309 125 2 the the DET ital-2309 125 3 other other ADJ ital-2309 125 4 hand hand NOUN ital-2309 125 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 125 6 the the DET ital-2309 125 7 densest dense ADJ ital-2309 125 8 populations population NOUN ital-2309 125 9 of of ADP ital-2309 125 10 those those PRON ital-2309 125 11 identifying identify VERB ital-2309 125 12 themselves themselves PRON ital-2309 125 13 as as ADP ital-2309 125 14 hispanic hispanic ADJ ital-2309 125 15 or or CCONJ ital-2309 125 16 latino latino NOUN ital-2309 125 17 are be AUX ital-2309 125 18 in in ADP ital-2309 125 19 the the DET ital-2309 125 20 southern southern ADJ ital-2309 125 21 part part NOUN ital-2309 125 22 of of ADP ital-2309 125 23 the the DET ital-2309 125 24 city city NOUN ital-2309 125 25 , , PUNCT ital-2309 125 26 but but CCONJ ital-2309 125 27 not not PART ital-2309 125 28 the the DET ital-2309 125 29 county county NOUN ital-2309 125 30 . . PUNCT ital-2309 126 1 there there PRON ital-2309 126 2 is be VERB ital-2309 126 3 a a DET ital-2309 126 4 library library NOUN ital-2309 126 5 located locate VERB ital-2309 126 6 in in ADP ital-2309 126 7 one one NUM ital-2309 126 8 of of ADP ital-2309 126 9 those those DET ital-2309 126 10 tracts tract NOUN ital-2309 126 11 . . PUNCT ital-2309 127 1 it it PRON ital-2309 127 2 appears appear VERB ital-2309 127 3 the the DET ital-2309 127 4 areas area NOUN ital-2309 127 5 with with ADP ital-2309 127 6 higher high ADJ ital-2309 127 7 concentrations concentration NOUN ital-2309 127 8 of of ADP ital-2309 127 9 african african ADJ ital-2309 127 10 americans americans PROPN ital-2309 127 11 or or CCONJ ital-2309 127 12 blacks black NOUN ital-2309 127 13 have have VERB ital-2309 127 14 fewer few ADJ ital-2309 127 15 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 127 16 , , PUNCT ital-2309 127 17 while while SCONJ ital-2309 127 18 areas area NOUN ital-2309 127 19 with with ADP ital-2309 127 20 the the DET ital-2309 127 21 higher high ADJ ital-2309 127 22 concentrations concentration NOUN ital-2309 127 23 of of ADP ital-2309 127 24 latinos latino NOUN ital-2309 127 25 or or CCONJ ital-2309 127 26 hispanics hispanic NOUN ital-2309 127 27 are be AUX ital-2309 127 28 located locate VERB ital-2309 127 29 in in ADP ital-2309 127 30 the the DET ital-2309 127 31 southern southern ADJ ital-2309 127 32 parts part NOUN ital-2309 127 33 of of ADP ital-2309 127 34 the the DET ital-2309 127 35 city city NOUN ital-2309 127 36 that that PRON ital-2309 127 37 do do AUX ital-2309 127 38 have have VERB ital-2309 127 39 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 127 40 . . PUNCT ital-2309 128 1 it it PRON ital-2309 128 2 is be AUX ital-2309 128 3 important important ADJ ital-2309 128 4 to to PART ital-2309 128 5 note note VERB ital-2309 128 6 , , PUNCT ital-2309 128 7 however however ADV ital-2309 128 8 , , PUNCT ital-2309 128 9 that that SCONJ ital-2309 128 10 the the DET ital-2309 128 11 concentrations concentration NOUN ital-2309 128 12 of of ADP ital-2309 128 13 latinos latinos PROPN ital-2309 128 14 and and CCONJ ital-2309 128 15 hispanics hispanic NOUN ital-2309 128 16 is be AUX ital-2309 128 17 quite quite ADV ital-2309 128 18 low low ADJ ital-2309 128 19 , , PUNCT ital-2309 128 20 and and CCONJ ital-2309 128 21 those those DET ital-2309 128 22 areas area NOUN ital-2309 128 23 are be AUX ital-2309 128 24 majority majority NOUN ital-2309 128 25 white white ADJ ital-2309 128 26 census census NOUN ital-2309 128 27 tracts tract NOUN ital-2309 128 28 . . PUNCT ital-2309 129 1 as as SCONJ ital-2309 129 2 noted note VERB ital-2309 129 3 above above ADV ital-2309 129 4 , , PUNCT ital-2309 129 5 beyond beyond ADP ital-2309 129 6 location location NOUN ital-2309 129 7 , , PUNCT ital-2309 129 8 access access NOUN ital-2309 129 9 from from ADP ital-2309 129 10 public public ADJ ital-2309 129 11 transportation transportation NOUN ital-2309 129 12 is be AUX ital-2309 129 13 also also ADV ital-2309 129 14 an an DET ital-2309 129 15 important important ADJ ital-2309 129 16 issue issue NOUN ital-2309 129 17 . . PUNCT ital-2309 130 1 at at ADP ital-2309 130 2 the the DET ital-2309 130 3 same same ADJ ital-2309 130 4 time time NOUN ital-2309 130 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 130 6 the the DET ital-2309 130 7 clustering clustering NOUN ital-2309 130 8 and and CCONJ ital-2309 130 9 patterns pattern NOUN ital-2309 130 10 shown show VERB ital-2309 130 11 on on ADP ital-2309 130 12 these these DET ital-2309 130 13 maps map NOUN ital-2309 130 14 raise raise VERB ital-2309 130 15 key key ADJ ital-2309 130 16 issues issue NOUN ital-2309 130 17 about about ADP ital-2309 130 18 access access NOUN ital-2309 130 19 based base VERB ital-2309 130 20 on on ADP ital-2309 130 21 income income NOUN ital-2309 130 22 and and CCONJ ital-2309 130 23 race race NOUN ital-2309 130 24 . . PUNCT ital-2309 131 1 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 131 2 are be AUX ital-2309 131 3 not not PART ital-2309 131 4 located locate VERB ital-2309 131 5 in in ADP ital-2309 131 6 areas area NOUN ital-2309 131 7 with with ADP ital-2309 131 8 low low ADJ ital-2309 131 9 median median ADJ ital-2309 131 10 household household NOUN ital-2309 131 11 income income NOUN ital-2309 131 12 or or CCONJ ital-2309 131 13 in in ADP ital-2309 131 14 areas area NOUN ital-2309 131 15 with with ADP ital-2309 131 16 high high ADJ ital-2309 131 17 concentrations concentration NOUN ital-2309 131 18 of of ADP ital-2309 131 19 african african ADJ ital-2309 131 20 americans americans PROPN ital-2309 131 21 or or CCONJ ital-2309 131 22 blacks black NOUN ital-2309 131 23 . . PUNCT ital-2309 132 1 this this PRON ital-2309 132 2 raises raise VERB ital-2309 132 3 serious serious ADJ ital-2309 132 4 questions question NOUN ital-2309 132 5 about about ADP ital-2309 132 6 why why SCONJ ital-2309 132 7 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 132 8 are be AUX ital-2309 132 9 located locate VERB ital-2309 132 10 where where SCONJ ital-2309 132 11 they they PRON ital-2309 132 12 are be AUX ital-2309 132 13 , , PUNCT ital-2309 132 14 and and CCONJ ital-2309 132 15 whether whether SCONJ ital-2309 132 16 the the DET ital-2309 132 17 individuals individual NOUN ital-2309 132 18 located locate VERB ital-2309 132 19 in in ADP ital-2309 132 20 these these DET ital-2309 132 21 areas area NOUN ital-2309 132 22 have have VERB ital-2309 132 23 equal equal ADJ ital-2309 132 24 access access NOUN ital-2309 132 25 to to ADP ital-2309 132 26 library library NOUN ital-2309 132 27 resources resource NOUN ital-2309 132 28 , , PUNCT ital-2309 132 29 particularly particularly ADV ital-2309 132 30 new new ADJ ital-2309 132 31 media medium NOUN ital-2309 132 32 technologies technology NOUN ital-2309 132 33 . . PUNCT ital-2309 133 1 social social ADJ ital-2309 133 2 contexts contexts PROPN ital-2309 133 3 of of ADP ital-2309 133 4 new new ADJ ital-2309 133 5 media medium NOUN ital-2309 133 6 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 133 7 : : PUNCT ital-2309 133 8 mapping mapping NOUN ital-2309 133 9 libraries| libraries| ADJ ital-2309 133 10 thorne thorne NOUN ital-2309 133 11 - - PUNCT ital-2309 133 12 wallington wallington NOUN ital-2309 133 13 61 61 NUM ital-2309 133 14 figure figure NOUN ital-2309 133 15 3 3 NUM ital-2309 133 16 . . PUNCT ital-2309 134 1 african african PROPN ital-2309 134 2 american american PROPN ital-2309 134 3 or or CCONJ ital-2309 134 4 black black ADJ ital-2309 134 5 and and CCONJ ital-2309 134 6 hispanic hispanic ADJ ital-2309 134 7 , , PUNCT ital-2309 134 8 library library NOUN ital-2309 134 9 location location NOUN ital-2309 134 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 134 11 st st PROPN ital-2309 134 12 . . PROPN ital-2309 134 13 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 134 14 city city PROPN ital-2309 134 15 and and CCONJ ital-2309 134 16 county county NOUN ital-2309 134 17 . . PUNCT ital-2309 135 1 source source NOUN ital-2309 135 2 : : PUNCT ital-2309 135 3 2010 2010 NUM ital-2309 135 4 us us PROPN ital-2309 135 5 census census NOUN ital-2309 135 6 . . PUNCT ital-2309 136 1 the the DET ital-2309 136 2 final final ADJ ital-2309 136 3 map map NOUN ital-2309 136 4 raises raise VERB ital-2309 136 5 a a DET ital-2309 136 6 slightly slightly ADV ital-2309 136 7 different different ADJ ital-2309 136 8 issue issue NOUN ital-2309 136 9 , , PUNCT ital-2309 136 10 one one NUM ital-2309 136 11 of of ADP ital-2309 136 12 test test NOUN ital-2309 136 13 scores score NOUN ital-2309 136 14 and and CCONJ ital-2309 136 15 student student NOUN ital-2309 136 16 achievement achievement NOUN ital-2309 136 17 . . PUNCT ital-2309 137 1 figure figure NOUN ital-2309 137 2 4 4 NUM ital-2309 137 3 shows show VERB ital-2309 137 4 library library NOUN ital-2309 137 5 location location NOUN ital-2309 137 6 by by ADP ital-2309 137 7 percent percent NOUN ital-2309 137 8 proficient proficient ADJ ital-2309 137 9 or or CCONJ ital-2309 137 10 advanced advanced ADJ ital-2309 137 11 on on ADP ital-2309 137 12 the the DET ital-2309 137 13 missouri missouri PROPN ital-2309 137 14 achievement achievement NOUN ital-2309 137 15 program program NOUN ital-2309 137 16 test test NOUN ital-2309 137 17 by by ADP ital-2309 137 18 district district NOUN ital-2309 137 19 . . PUNCT ital-2309 138 1 beyond beyond ADP ital-2309 138 2 the the DET ital-2309 138 3 location location NOUN ital-2309 138 4 of of ADP ital-2309 138 5 the the DET ital-2309 138 6 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 138 7 , , PUNCT ital-2309 138 8 one one NUM ital-2309 138 9 factor factor NOUN ital-2309 138 10 that that PRON ital-2309 138 11 stands stand VERB ital-2309 138 12 out out ADP ital-2309 138 13 is be AUX ital-2309 138 14 that that SCONJ ital-2309 138 15 the the DET ital-2309 138 16 areas area NOUN ital-2309 138 17 with with ADP ital-2309 138 18 the the DET ital-2309 138 19 lowest low ADJ ital-2309 138 20 percent percent NOUN ital-2309 138 21 proficient proficient ADJ ital-2309 138 22 or or CCONJ ital-2309 138 23 advanced advanced ADJ ital-2309 138 24 are be AUX ital-2309 138 25 also also ADV ital-2309 138 26 the the DET ital-2309 138 27 areas area NOUN ital-2309 138 28 with with ADP ital-2309 138 29 the the DET ital-2309 138 30 lowest low ADJ ital-2309 138 31 median median ADJ ital-2309 138 32 household household NOUN ital-2309 138 33 income income NOUN ital-2309 138 34 and and CCONJ ital-2309 138 35 the the DET ital-2309 138 36 highest high ADJ ital-2309 138 37 percentage percentage NOUN ital-2309 138 38 of of ADP ital-2309 138 39 those those PRON ital-2309 138 40 identifying identify VERB ital-2309 138 41 as as ADP ital-2309 138 42 african african ADJ ital-2309 138 43 american american PROPN ital-2309 138 44 or or CCONJ ital-2309 138 45 black black ADJ ital-2309 138 46 . . PUNCT ital-2309 139 1 here here ADV ital-2309 139 2 an an DET ital-2309 139 3 interesting interesting ADJ ital-2309 139 4 pattern pattern NOUN ital-2309 139 5 emerges emerge VERB ital-2309 139 6 . . PUNCT ital-2309 140 1 while while SCONJ ital-2309 140 2 there there PRON ital-2309 140 3 are be VERB ital-2309 140 4 many many ADJ ital-2309 140 5 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 140 6 in in ADP ital-2309 140 7 the the DET ital-2309 140 8 city city NOUN ital-2309 140 9 and and CCONJ ital-2309 140 10 northern northern ADJ ital-2309 140 11 part part NOUN ital-2309 140 12 of of ADP ital-2309 140 13 the the DET ital-2309 140 14 county county NOUN ital-2309 140 15 , , PUNCT ital-2309 140 16 the the DET ital-2309 140 17 percent percent NOUN ital-2309 140 18 proficient proficient ADJ ital-2309 140 19 or or CCONJ ital-2309 140 20 advanced advanced ADJ ital-2309 140 21 on on ADP ital-2309 140 22 the the DET ital-2309 140 23 communication communication NOUN ital-2309 140 24 arts art NOUN ital-2309 140 25 portion portion NOUN ital-2309 140 26 of of ADP ital-2309 140 27 exam exam NOUN ital-2309 140 28 is be AUX ital-2309 140 29 quite quite ADV ital-2309 140 30 low low ADJ ital-2309 140 31 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 140 32 20–30 20–30 NUM ital-2309 140 33 percent percent NOUN ital-2309 140 34 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 140 35 . . PUNCT ital-2309 141 1 on on ADP ital-2309 141 2 the the DET ital-2309 141 3 other other ADJ ital-2309 141 4 hand hand NOUN ital-2309 141 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 141 6 in in ADP ital-2309 141 7 the the DET ital-2309 141 8 western western ADJ ital-2309 141 9 part part NOUN ital-2309 141 10 of of ADP ital-2309 141 11 the the DET ital-2309 141 12 county county NOUN ital-2309 141 13 , , PUNCT ital-2309 141 14 there there PRON ital-2309 141 15 are be VERB ital-2309 141 16 few few ADJ ital-2309 141 17 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 141 18 , , PUNCT ital-2309 141 19 but but CCONJ ital-2309 141 20 the the DET ital-2309 141 21 percent percent NOUN ital-2309 141 22 proficient proficient ADJ ital-2309 141 23 or or CCONJ ital-2309 141 24 advanced advanced ADJ ital-2309 141 25 is be AUX ital-2309 141 26 at at ADP ital-2309 141 27 its its PRON ital-2309 141 28 highest high ADJ ital-2309 141 29 level level NOUN ital-2309 141 30 . . PUNCT ital-2309 142 1 this this PRON ital-2309 142 2 suggests suggest VERB ital-2309 142 3 that that SCONJ ital-2309 142 4 there there PRON ital-2309 142 5 may may AUX ital-2309 142 6 not not PART ital-2309 142 7 be be AUX ital-2309 142 8 a a DET ital-2309 142 9 strong strong ADJ ital-2309 142 10 connection connection NOUN ital-2309 142 11 between between ADP ital-2309 142 12 achievement achievement NOUN ital-2309 142 13 on on ADP ital-2309 142 14 the the DET ital-2309 142 15 map map NOUN ital-2309 142 16 exam exam NOUN ital-2309 142 17 and and CCONJ ital-2309 142 18 library library NOUN ital-2309 142 19 location location NOUN ital-2309 142 20 , , PUNCT ital-2309 142 21 similar similar ADJ ital-2309 142 22 to to ADP ital-2309 142 23 the the DET ital-2309 142 24 lack lack NOUN ital-2309 142 25 of of ADP ital-2309 142 26 relationship relationship NOUN ital-2309 142 27 seen see VERB ital-2309 142 28 in in ADP ital-2309 142 29 between between ADP ital-2309 142 30 act act NOUN ital-2309 142 31 average average ADJ ital-2309 142 32 score score NOUN ital-2309 142 33 and and CCONJ ital-2309 142 34 library library NOUN ital-2309 142 35 location location NOUN ital-2309 142 36 in in ADP ital-2309 142 37 figure figure NOUN ital-2309 142 38 2 2 NUM ital-2309 142 39 . . PUNCT ital-2309 143 1 at at ADP ital-2309 143 2 the the DET ital-2309 143 3 same same ADJ ital-2309 143 4 time time NOUN ital-2309 143 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 143 6 there there PRON ital-2309 143 7 does do AUX ital-2309 143 8 appear appear VERB ital-2309 143 9 to to PART ital-2309 143 10 be be AUX ital-2309 143 11 a a DET ital-2309 143 12 correlation correlation NOUN ital-2309 143 13 between between ADP ital-2309 143 14 race race NOUN ital-2309 143 15 , , PUNCT ital-2309 143 16 income income NOUN ital-2309 143 17 , , PUNCT ital-2309 143 18 and and CCONJ ital-2309 143 19 test test NOUN ital-2309 143 20 scores score NOUN ital-2309 143 21 . . PUNCT ital-2309 144 1 this this DET ital-2309 144 2 correlation correlation NOUN ital-2309 144 3 is be AUX ital-2309 144 4 noted note VERB ital-2309 144 5 throughout throughout ADP ital-2309 144 6 the the DET ital-2309 144 7 literature literature NOUN ital-2309 144 8 on on ADP ital-2309 144 9 student student NOUN ital-2309 144 10 achievement.36 achievement.36 NOUN ital-2309 144 11 clearly clearly ADV ital-2309 144 12 , , PUNCT ital-2309 144 13 these these DET ital-2309 144 14 maps map NOUN ital-2309 144 15 raise raise VERB ital-2309 144 16 important important ADJ ital-2309 144 17 questions question NOUN ital-2309 144 18 such such ADJ ital-2309 144 19 as as ADP ital-2309 144 20 how how SCONJ ital-2309 144 21 and and CCONJ ital-2309 144 22 why why SCONJ ital-2309 144 23 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 144 24 are be AUX ital-2309 144 25 located locate VERB ital-2309 144 26 in in ADP ital-2309 144 27 a a DET ital-2309 144 28 certain certain ADJ ital-2309 144 29 area area NOUN ital-2309 144 30 , , PUNCT ital-2309 144 31 who who PRON ital-2309 144 32 uses use VERB ital-2309 144 33 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 144 34 in in ADP ital-2309 144 35 a a DET ital-2309 144 36 given give VERB ital-2309 144 37 area area NOUN ital-2309 144 38 , , PUNCT ital-2309 144 39 as as ADV ital-2309 144 40 well well ADV ital-2309 144 41 as as ADP ital-2309 144 42 what what PRON ital-2309 144 43 other other ADJ ital-2309 144 44 informal informal ADJ ital-2309 144 45 learning learning NOUN ital-2309 144 46 environments environment NOUN ital-2309 144 47 and and CCONJ ital-2309 144 48 community community NOUN ital-2309 144 49 assets asset NOUN ital-2309 144 50 exist exist VERB ital-2309 144 51 in in ADP ital-2309 144 52 these these DET ital-2309 144 53 areas area NOUN ital-2309 144 54 . . PUNCT ital-2309 145 1 what what PRON ital-2309 145 2 is be AUX ital-2309 145 3 made make VERB ital-2309 145 4 clear clear ADJ ital-2309 145 5 by by ADP ital-2309 145 6 the the DET ital-2309 145 7 maps map NOUN ital-2309 145 8 , , PUNCT ital-2309 145 9 though though ADV ital-2309 145 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 145 11 is be AUX ital-2309 145 12 that that PRON ital-2309 145 13 gis gis NOUN ital-2309 145 14 can can AUX ital-2309 145 15 be be AUX ital-2309 145 16 used use VERB ital-2309 145 17 as as ADP ital-2309 145 18 a a DET ital-2309 145 19 tool tool NOUN ital-2309 145 20 to to PART ital-2309 145 21 help help VERB ital-2309 145 22 understand understand VERB ital-2309 145 23 the the DET ital-2309 145 24 context context NOUN ital-2309 145 25 of of ADP ital-2309 145 26 new new ADJ ital-2309 145 27 media medium NOUN ital-2309 145 28 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 145 29 . . PUNCT ital-2309 146 1 information information NOUN ital-2309 146 2 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 146 3 and and CCONJ ital-2309 146 4 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 146 5 | | NOUN ital-2309 146 6 december december PROPN ital-2309 146 7 2013 2013 NUM ital-2309 146 8 62 62 NUM ital-2309 146 9 figure figure NOUN ital-2309 146 10 4 4 NUM ital-2309 146 11 . . PROPN ital-2309 146 12 proficient proficient ADJ ital-2309 146 13 or or CCONJ ital-2309 146 14 advanced advanced ADJ ital-2309 146 15 , , PUNCT ital-2309 146 16 communication communication NOUN ital-2309 146 17 arts art NOUN ital-2309 146 18 map map NOUN ital-2309 146 19 by by ADP ital-2309 146 20 district district NOUN ital-2309 146 21 , , PUNCT ital-2309 146 22 2009 2009 NUM ital-2309 146 23 , , PUNCT ital-2309 146 24 and and CCONJ ital-2309 146 25 library library NOUN ital-2309 146 26 location location NOUN ital-2309 146 27 . . PUNCT ital-2309 147 1 source source NOUN ital-2309 147 2 : : PUNCT ital-2309 147 3 missouri missouri PROPN ital-2309 147 4 department department PROPN ital-2309 147 5 of of ADP ital-2309 147 6 elementary elementary ADJ ital-2309 147 7 and and CCONJ ital-2309 147 8 secondary secondary ADJ ital-2309 147 9 education education NOUN ital-2309 147 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 147 11 2010 2010 NUM ital-2309 147 12 , , PUNCT ital-2309 147 13 www.modese.gov www.modese.gov NOUN ital-2309 147 14 . . PUNCT ital-2309 148 1 significance significance NOUN ital-2309 148 2 these these DET ital-2309 148 3 results result NOUN ital-2309 148 4 demonstrate demonstrate VERB ital-2309 148 5 that that SCONJ ital-2309 148 6 gis gis NOUN ital-2309 148 7 can can AUX ital-2309 148 8 be be AUX ital-2309 148 9 used use VERB ital-2309 148 10 to to PART ital-2309 148 11 illuminate illuminate VERB ital-2309 148 12 the the DET ital-2309 148 13 social social ADJ ital-2309 148 14 , , PUNCT ital-2309 148 15 cultural cultural ADJ ital-2309 148 16 , , PUNCT ital-2309 148 17 and and CCONJ ital-2309 148 18 economic economic ADJ ital-2309 148 19 complexity complexity NOUN ital-2309 148 20 that that PRON ital-2309 148 21 surrounds surround VERB ital-2309 148 22 informal informal ADJ ital-2309 148 23 learning learning NOUN ital-2309 148 24 environments environment NOUN ital-2309 148 25 , , PUNCT ital-2309 148 26 particularly particularly ADV ital-2309 148 27 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 148 28 . . PUNCT ital-2309 149 1 this this PRON ital-2309 149 2 can can AUX ital-2309 149 3 help help VERB ital-2309 149 4 demonstrate demonstrate VERB ital-2309 149 5 not not PART ital-2309 149 6 only only ADV ital-2309 149 7 where where SCONJ ital-2309 149 8 young young ADJ ital-2309 149 9 people people NOUN ital-2309 149 10 have have VERB ital-2309 149 11 the the DET ital-2309 149 12 opportunity opportunity NOUN ital-2309 149 13 to to PART ital-2309 149 14 use use VERB ital-2309 149 15 new new ADJ ital-2309 149 16 media medium NOUN ital-2309 149 17 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 149 18 , , PUNCT ital-2309 149 19 but but CCONJ ital-2309 149 20 also also ADV ital-2309 149 21 the the DET ital-2309 149 22 complex complex ADJ ital-2309 149 23 contextual contextual ADJ ital-2309 149 24 factors factor NOUN ital-2309 149 25 surrounding surround VERB ital-2309 149 26 those those DET ital-2309 149 27 opportunities opportunity NOUN ital-2309 149 28 . . PUNCT ital-2309 150 1 paired pair VERB ital-2309 150 2 with with ADP ital-2309 150 3 traditional traditional ADJ ital-2309 150 4 qualitative qualitative ADJ ital-2309 150 5 and and CCONJ ital-2309 150 6 quantitative quantitative ADJ ital-2309 150 7 work work NOUN ital-2309 150 8 , , PUNCT ital-2309 150 9 gis gis NOUN ital-2309 150 10 can can AUX ital-2309 150 11 provide provide VERB ital-2309 150 12 an an DET ital-2309 150 13 additional additional ADJ ital-2309 150 14 lens lens NOUN ital-2309 150 15 for for ADP ital-2309 150 16 understanding understand VERB ital-2309 150 17 new new ADJ ital-2309 150 18 media medium NOUN ital-2309 150 19 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 150 20 ecologies ecology NOUN ital-2309 150 21 , , PUNCT ital-2309 150 22 which which PRON ital-2309 150 23 can can AUX ital-2309 150 24 help help VERB ital-2309 150 25 inform inform VERB ital-2309 150 26 dialogue dialogue NOUN ital-2309 150 27 about about ADP ital-2309 150 28 this this DET ital-2309 150 29 topic topic NOUN ital-2309 150 30 . . PUNCT ital-2309 151 1 for for ADP ital-2309 151 2 the the DET ital-2309 151 3 results result NOUN ital-2309 151 4 of of ADP ital-2309 151 5 this this DET ital-2309 151 6 study study NOUN ital-2309 151 7 , , PUNCT ital-2309 151 8 there there PRON ital-2309 151 9 does do AUX ital-2309 151 10 appear appear VERB ital-2309 151 11 to to PART ital-2309 151 12 be be AUX ital-2309 151 13 a a DET ital-2309 151 14 relationship relationship NOUN ital-2309 151 15 between between ADP ital-2309 151 16 library library NOUN ital-2309 151 17 location location NOUN ital-2309 151 18 and and CCONJ ital-2309 151 19 race race NOUN ital-2309 151 20 and and CCONJ ital-2309 151 21 income income NOUN ital-2309 151 22 . . PUNCT ital-2309 152 1 this this DET ital-2309 152 2 study study NOUN ital-2309 152 3 illuminates illuminate VERB ital-2309 152 4 the the DET ital-2309 152 5 complex complex ADJ ital-2309 152 6 contextual contextual ADJ ital-2309 152 7 factors factor NOUN ital-2309 152 8 affecting affect VERB ital-2309 152 9 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 152 10 . . PUNCT ital-2309 153 1 because because SCONJ ital-2309 153 2 of of ADP ital-2309 153 3 the the DET ital-2309 153 4 important important ADJ ital-2309 153 5 role role NOUN ital-2309 153 6 that that PRON ital-2309 153 7 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 153 8 can can AUX ital-2309 153 9 play play VERB ital-2309 153 10 in in ADP ital-2309 153 11 offering offer VERB ital-2309 153 12 young young ADJ ital-2309 153 13 people people NOUN ital-2309 153 14 out out ADP ital-2309 153 15 of of ADP ital-2309 153 16 school school NOUN ital-2309 153 17 learning learning NOUN ital-2309 153 18 opportunities opportunity NOUN ital-2309 153 19 , , PUNCT ital-2309 153 20 particularly particularly ADV ital-2309 153 21 in in ADP ital-2309 153 22 terms term NOUN ital-2309 153 23 of of ADP ital-2309 153 24 access access NOUN ital-2309 153 25 to to ADP ital-2309 153 26 new new ADJ ital-2309 153 27 media medium NOUN ital-2309 153 28 resources resource NOUN ital-2309 153 29 , , PUNCT ital-2309 153 30 these these DET ital-2309 153 31 contextual contextual ADJ ital-2309 153 32 factors factor NOUN ital-2309 153 33 are be AUX ital-2309 153 34 important important ADJ ital-2309 153 35 to to ADP ital-2309 153 36 ensuring ensure VERB ital-2309 153 37 equal equal ADJ ital-2309 153 38 access access NOUN ital-2309 153 39 and and CCONJ ital-2309 153 40 opportunity opportunity NOUN ital-2309 153 41 for for ADP ital-2309 153 42 all all PRON ital-2309 153 43 . . PUNCT ital-2309 154 1 http://www.modese.gov/ http://www.modese.gov/ X ital-2309 154 2 social social ADJ ital-2309 154 3 contexts context NOUN ital-2309 154 4 of of ADP ital-2309 154 5 new new ADJ ital-2309 154 6 media medium NOUN ital-2309 154 7 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 154 8 : : PUNCT ital-2309 154 9 mapping mapping NOUN ital-2309 154 10 libraries| libraries| ADJ ital-2309 154 11 thorne thorne NOUN ital-2309 154 12 - - PUNCT ital-2309 154 13 wallington wallington NOUN ital-2309 154 14 63 63 NUM ital-2309 154 15 references reference NOUN ital-2309 154 16 1 1 NUM ital-2309 154 17 . . NUM ital-2309 154 18 ernest ernest PROPN ital-2309 154 19 morrell morrell PROPN ital-2309 154 20 , , PUNCT ital-2309 154 21 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 154 22 critical critical ADJ ital-2309 154 23 approaches approach NOUN ital-2309 154 24 to to ADP ital-2309 154 25 media medium NOUN ital-2309 154 26 in in ADP ital-2309 154 27 urban urban ADJ ital-2309 154 28 english english ADJ ital-2309 154 29 language language NOUN ital-2309 154 30 arts art NOUN ital-2309 154 31 teacher teacher NOUN ital-2309 154 32 development development NOUN ital-2309 154 33 , , PUNCT ital-2309 154 34 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 154 35 action action NOUN ital-2309 154 36 in in ADP ital-2309 154 37 teacher teacher NOUN ital-2309 154 38 education education NOUN ital-2309 154 39 33 33 NUM ital-2309 154 40 , , PUNCT ital-2309 154 41 no no NOUN ital-2309 154 42 . . NOUN ital-2309 154 43 2 2 NUM ital-2309 154 44 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 154 45 2011 2011 NUM ital-2309 154 46 ): ): PUNCT ital-2309 154 47 151–71 151–71 NUM ital-2309 154 48 , , PUNCT ital-2309 154 49 doi doi PROPN ital-2309 154 50 : : PUNCT ital-2309 154 51 10.1080/01626620.2011.569416 10.1080/01626620.2011.569416 NUM ital-2309 154 52 . . NOUN ital-2309 155 1 2 2 X ital-2309 155 2 . . X ital-2309 155 3 mizuko mizuko PROPN ital-2309 155 4 ito ito PROPN ital-2309 155 5 et et PROPN ital-2309 156 1 al al PROPN ital-2309 156 2 . . PROPN ital-2309 156 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 156 4 hanging hang VERB ital-2309 156 5 out out ADP ital-2309 156 6 , , PUNCT ital-2309 156 7 messing mess VERB ital-2309 156 8 around around ADV ital-2309 156 9 , , PUNCT ital-2309 156 10 and and CCONJ ital-2309 156 11 geeking geeke VERB ital-2309 156 12 out out ADP ital-2309 156 13 : : PUNCT ital-2309 156 14 kids kid NOUN ital-2309 156 15 living live VERB ital-2309 156 16 and and CCONJ ital-2309 156 17 learning learn VERB ital-2309 156 18 with with ADP ital-2309 156 19 new new ADJ ital-2309 156 20 media medium NOUN ital-2309 156 21 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 156 22 cambridge cambridge PROPN ital-2309 156 23 : : PUNCT ital-2309 156 24 mit mit VERB ital-2309 156 25 press press PROPN ital-2309 156 26 / / SYM ital-2309 156 27 macarthur macarthur PROPN ital-2309 156 28 foundation foundation PROPN ital-2309 156 29 , , PUNCT ital-2309 156 30 2010 2010 NUM ital-2309 156 31 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 156 32 . . PUNCT ital-2309 157 1 3 3 X ital-2309 157 2 . . X ital-2309 157 3 morrell morrell PROPN ital-2309 157 4 , , PUNCT ital-2309 157 5 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 157 6 critical critical ADJ ital-2309 157 7 approaches approach NOUN ital-2309 157 8 to to ADP ital-2309 157 9 media medium NOUN ital-2309 157 10 in in ADP ital-2309 157 11 urban urban ADJ ital-2309 157 12 english english ADJ ital-2309 157 13 language language NOUN ital-2309 157 14 arts art NOUN ital-2309 157 15 teacher teacher NOUN ital-2309 157 16 development development NOUN ital-2309 157 17 . . PUNCT ital-2309 157 18 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 158 1 4 4 X ital-2309 158 2 . . PROPN ital-2309 158 3 lisa lisa PROPN ital-2309 158 4 tripp tripp PROPN ital-2309 158 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 158 6 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 158 7 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 158 8 youth youth NOUN ital-2309 158 9 , , PUNCT ital-2309 158 10 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 158 11 , , PUNCT ital-2309 158 12 and and CCONJ ital-2309 158 13 new new ADJ ital-2309 158 14 media medium NOUN ital-2309 158 15 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 158 16 , , PUNCT ital-2309 158 17 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 158 18 reference reference NOUN ital-2309 158 19 librarian librarian PROPN ital-2309 158 20 52 52 NUM ital-2309 158 21 , , PUNCT ital-2309 158 22 no no NOUN ital-2309 158 23 . . NOUN ital-2309 158 24 4 4 NUM ital-2309 158 25 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 158 26 2011 2011 NUM ital-2309 158 27 ): ): PUNCT ital-2309 158 28 329–41 329–41 PROPN ital-2309 158 29 , , PUNCT ital-2309 158 30 doi doi PROPN ital-2309 158 31 : : PUNCT ital-2309 158 32 10.1080/02763877.2011.584842 10.1080/02763877.2011.584842 X ital-2309 158 33 . . NOUN ital-2309 158 34 5 5 NUM ital-2309 158 35 . . X ital-2309 158 36 gunther gunther PROPN ital-2309 158 37 kress kress NOUN ital-2309 158 38 , , PUNCT ital-2309 158 39 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 158 40 in in ADP ital-2309 158 41 the the DET ital-2309 158 42 new new ADJ ital-2309 158 43 media medium NOUN ital-2309 158 44 age age NOUN ital-2309 158 45 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 158 46 london london PROPN ital-2309 158 47 : : PUNCT ital-2309 158 48 routledge routledge PROPN ital-2309 158 49 , , PUNCT ital-2309 158 50 2003 2003 NUM ital-2309 158 51 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 158 52 . . PUNCT ital-2309 159 1 6 6 X ital-2309 159 2 . . X ital-2309 159 3 ibid ibid NOUN ital-2309 159 4 . . PUNCT ital-2309 160 1 7 7 X ital-2309 160 2 . . PROPN ital-2309 160 3 donna donna PROPN ital-2309 160 4 e. e. PROPN ital-2309 160 5 alvermann alvermann PROPN ital-2309 160 6 and and CCONJ ital-2309 160 7 alison alison PROPN ital-2309 160 8 h. h. PROPN ital-2309 160 9 heron heron PROPN ital-2309 160 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 160 11 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 160 12 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 160 13 identity identity NOUN ital-2309 160 14 work work NOUN ital-2309 160 15 : : PUNCT ital-2309 160 16 playing play VERB ital-2309 160 17 to to PART ital-2309 160 18 learn learn VERB ital-2309 160 19 with with ADP ital-2309 160 20 popular popular ADJ ital-2309 160 21 media medium NOUN ital-2309 160 22 , , PUNCT ital-2309 160 23 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 160 24 journal journal PROPN ital-2309 160 25 of of ADP ital-2309 160 26 adolescent adolescent PROPN ital-2309 160 27 & & CCONJ ital-2309 160 28 adult adult NOUN ital-2309 160 29 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 160 30 45 45 NUM ital-2309 160 31 , , PUNCT ital-2309 160 32 no no NOUN ital-2309 160 33 . . NOUN ital-2309 160 34 2 2 NUM ital-2309 160 35 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 160 36 2001 2001 NUM ital-2309 160 37 ): ): PUNCT ital-2309 160 38 118–22 118–22 NUM ital-2309 160 39 . . PUNCT ital-2309 161 1 8 8 X ital-2309 161 2 . . X ital-2309 161 3 colin colin PROPN ital-2309 161 4 lankshear lankshear PROPN ital-2309 161 5 and and CCONJ ital-2309 161 6 michele michele PROPN ital-2309 161 7 knobel knobel PROPN ital-2309 161 8 , , PUNCT ital-2309 161 9 new new ADJ ital-2309 161 10 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 161 11 : : PUNCT ital-2309 161 12 everyday everyday ADJ ital-2309 161 13 practices practice NOUN ital-2309 161 14 and and CCONJ ital-2309 161 15 classroom classroom NOUN ital-2309 161 16 learning learning NOUN ital-2309 161 17 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 161 18 maidenshead maidenshead PROPN ital-2309 161 19 : : PUNCT ital-2309 161 20 open open PROPN ital-2309 161 21 university university PROPN ital-2309 161 22 press press NOUN ital-2309 161 23 , , PUNCT ital-2309 161 24 2006 2006 NUM ital-2309 161 25 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 161 26 . . PUNCT ital-2309 162 1 9 9 X ital-2309 162 2 . . X ital-2309 162 3 john john PROPN ital-2309 162 4 palfrey palfrey PROPN ital-2309 162 5 and and CCONJ ital-2309 162 6 urs urs PROPN ital-2309 162 7 gasser gasser PROPN ital-2309 162 8 , , PUNCT ital-2309 162 9 born bear VERB ital-2309 162 10 digital digital NOUN ital-2309 162 11 : : PUNCT ital-2309 162 12 understanding understand VERB ital-2309 162 13 the the DET ital-2309 162 14 first first ADJ ital-2309 162 15 generation generation NOUN ital-2309 162 16 of of ADP ital-2309 162 17 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 162 18 natives native NOUN ital-2309 162 19 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 162 20 new new PROPN ital-2309 162 21 york york PROPN ital-2309 162 22 : : PUNCT ital-2309 162 23 perseus perseus NOUN ital-2309 162 24 , , PUNCT ital-2309 162 25 2009 2009 NUM ital-2309 162 26 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 162 27 . . PUNCT ital-2309 163 1 10 10 X ital-2309 163 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 163 3 karin karin PROPN ital-2309 163 4 m. m. PROPN ital-2309 163 5 wiburg wiburg PROPN ital-2309 163 6 , , PUNCT ital-2309 163 7 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 163 8 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 163 9 and and CCONJ ital-2309 163 10 the the DET ital-2309 163 11 new new ADJ ital-2309 163 12 meaning meaning NOUN ital-2309 163 13 of of ADP ital-2309 163 14 educational educational ADJ ital-2309 163 15 equity equity NOUN ital-2309 163 16 , , PUNCT ital-2309 163 17 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 163 18 computers computer NOUN ital-2309 163 19 in in ADP ital-2309 163 20 the the DET ital-2309 163 21 schools school NOUN ital-2309 163 22 20 20 NUM ital-2309 163 23 , , PUNCT ital-2309 163 24 no no INTJ ital-2309 163 25 . . NOUN ital-2309 163 26 1–2 1–2 NUM ital-2309 163 27 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 163 28 2003 2003 NUM ital-2309 163 29 ): ): PUNCT ital-2309 163 30 113–28 113–28 PROPN ital-2309 163 31 , , PUNCT ital-2309 163 32 doi doi PROPN ital-2309 163 33 : : PUNCT ital-2309 163 34 10.1300 10.1300 NUM ital-2309 163 35 / / SYM ital-2309 163 36 j025v20n01_09 j025v20n01_09 NUM ital-2309 163 37 . . PUNCT ital-2309 164 1 11 11 NUM ital-2309 164 2 . . X ital-2309 164 3 rob rob PROPN ital-2309 164 4 kling kle VERB ital-2309 164 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 164 6 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 164 7 learning learn VERB ital-2309 164 8 about about ADP ital-2309 164 9 information information NOUN ital-2309 164 10 technologies technology NOUN ital-2309 164 11 and and CCONJ ital-2309 164 12 social social ADJ ital-2309 164 13 change change NOUN ital-2309 164 14 : : PUNCT ital-2309 164 15 the the DET ital-2309 164 16 contribution contribution NOUN ital-2309 164 17 of of ADP ital-2309 164 18 social social ADJ ital-2309 164 19 informatics informatic NOUN ital-2309 164 20 , , PUNCT ital-2309 164 21 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 164 22 information information NOUN ital-2309 164 23 society society NOUN ital-2309 164 24 16 16 NUM ital-2309 164 25 , , PUNCT ital-2309 164 26 no no NOUN ital-2309 164 27 . . NOUN ital-2309 164 28 3 3 NUM ital-2309 164 29 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 164 30 2000 2000 NUM ital-2309 164 31 ): ): PUNCT ital-2309 164 32 212–24 212–24 PROPN ital-2309 164 33 . . PUNCT ital-2309 165 1 12 12 NUM ital-2309 165 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 166 1 james james PROPN ital-2309 166 2 r. r. PROPN ital-2309 166 3 valadez valadez PROPN ital-2309 166 4 and and CCONJ ital-2309 166 5 richard richard PROPN ital-2309 166 6 p. p. PROPN ital-2309 166 7 durán durán PROPN ital-2309 166 8 , , PUNCT ital-2309 166 9 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 166 10 redefining redefine VERB ital-2309 166 11 the the DET ital-2309 166 12 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 166 13 divide divide NOUN ital-2309 166 14 : : PUNCT ital-2309 166 15 beyond beyond ADP ital-2309 166 16 access access NOUN ital-2309 166 17 to to ADP ital-2309 166 18 computers computer NOUN ital-2309 166 19 and and CCONJ ital-2309 166 20 the the DET ital-2309 166 21 internet internet NOUN ital-2309 166 22 , , PUNCT ital-2309 166 23 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 166 24 high high ADJ ital-2309 166 25 school school NOUN ital-2309 166 26 journal journal NOUN ital-2309 166 27 90 90 NUM ital-2309 166 28 , , PUNCT ital-2309 166 29 no no INTJ ital-2309 166 30 . . NOUN ital-2309 166 31 3 3 NUM ital-2309 166 32 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 166 33 2007 2007 NUM ital-2309 166 34 ): ): PUNCT ital-2309 166 35 31–44 31–44 NUM ital-2309 166 36 , , PUNCT ital-2309 166 37 http://www.jstor.org/stable/40364198 http://www.jstor.org/stable/40364198 NOUN ital-2309 166 38 . . PUNCT ital-2309 167 1 13 13 NUM ital-2309 167 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 167 3 eszter eszter PROPN ital-2309 167 4 hargittai hargittai PROPN ital-2309 167 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 167 6 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 167 7 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 167 8 na(t)ives na(t)ive NOUN ital-2309 167 9 ? ? PUNCT ital-2309 168 1 variation variation NOUN ital-2309 168 2 in in ADP ital-2309 168 3 internet internet NOUN ital-2309 168 4 skills skill NOUN ital-2309 168 5 and and CCONJ ital-2309 168 6 uses use NOUN ital-2309 168 7 among among ADP ital-2309 168 8 members member NOUN ital-2309 168 9 of of ADP ital-2309 168 10 the the DET ital-2309 168 11 ‘ ' PUNCT ital-2309 168 12 net net ADJ ital-2309 168 13 generation generation NOUN ital-2309 168 14 , , PUNCT ital-2309 168 15 ’ ' PUNCT ital-2309 168 16 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 168 17 sociological sociological ADJ ital-2309 168 18 inquiry inquiry NOUN ital-2309 168 19 80 80 NUM ital-2309 168 20 , , PUNCT ital-2309 168 21 no no NOUN ital-2309 168 22 . . NOUN ital-2309 168 23 1 1 NUM ital-2309 168 24 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 168 25 2010 2010 NUM ital-2309 168 26 ): ): PUNCT ital-2309 168 27 92–113 92–113 PROPN ital-2309 168 28 , , PUNCT ital-2309 168 29 doi doi PROPN ital-2309 168 30 : : PUNCT ital-2309 168 31 10.1111 10.1111 NUM ital-2309 168 32 / / SYM ital-2309 168 33 j.1475682x.2009.00317.x j.1475682x.2009.00317.x PROPN ital-2309 168 34 . . PUNCT ital-2309 169 1 14 14 NUM ital-2309 169 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 170 1 glynda glynda PROPN ital-2309 170 2 hull hull PROPN ital-2309 170 3 and and CCONJ ital-2309 170 4 katherine katherine PROPN ital-2309 170 5 schultz schultz PROPN ital-2309 170 6 , , PUNCT ital-2309 170 7 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 170 8 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 170 9 and and CCONJ ital-2309 170 10 learning learn VERB ital-2309 170 11 out out ADP ital-2309 170 12 of of ADP ital-2309 170 13 school school NOUN ital-2309 170 14 : : PUNCT ital-2309 170 15 a a DET ital-2309 170 16 review review NOUN ital-2309 170 17 of of ADP ital-2309 170 18 theory theory NOUN ital-2309 170 19 and and CCONJ ital-2309 170 20 research research NOUN ital-2309 170 21 , , PUNCT ital-2309 170 22 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 170 23 review review NOUN ital-2309 170 24 of of ADP ital-2309 170 25 educational educational ADJ ital-2309 170 26 research research NOUN ital-2309 170 27 71 71 NUM ital-2309 170 28 , , PUNCT ital-2309 170 29 no no NOUN ital-2309 170 30 . . NOUN ital-2309 170 31 4 4 NUM ital-2309 170 32 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 170 33 2001 2001 NUM ital-2309 170 34 ): ): PUNCT ital-2309 170 35 575–611 575–611 NUM ital-2309 170 36 , , PUNCT ital-2309 170 37 http://www.jstor.org/stable/3516099 http://www.jstor.org/stable/3516099 NUM ital-2309 170 38 . . PUNCT ital-2309 170 39 15 15 NUM ital-2309 170 40 . . PUNCT ital-2309 171 1 colin colin PROPN ital-2309 171 2 lankshear lankshear PROPN ital-2309 171 3 and and CCONJ ital-2309 171 4 michele michele PROPN ital-2309 171 5 knobel knobel PROPN ital-2309 171 6 , , PUNCT ital-2309 171 7 new new ADJ ital-2309 171 8 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 171 9 . . PUNCT ital-2309 172 1 http://www.jstor.org/stable/40364198 http://www.jstor.org/stable/40364198 SPACE ital-2309 172 2 http://www.jstor.org/stable/3516099 http://www.jstor.org/stable/3516099 ADJ ital-2309 172 3 information information NOUN ital-2309 172 4 technology technology NOUN ital-2309 172 5 and and CCONJ ital-2309 172 6 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 173 1 | | NOUN ital-2309 173 2 december december PROPN ital-2309 173 3 2013 2013 NUM ital-2309 173 4 64 64 NUM ital-2309 173 5 16 16 NUM ital-2309 173 6 . . PUNCT ital-2309 174 1 allan allan PROPN ital-2309 174 2 luke luke PROPN ital-2309 174 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 174 4 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 174 5 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 174 6 and and CCONJ ital-2309 174 7 the the DET ital-2309 174 8 other other ADJ ital-2309 174 9 : : PUNCT ital-2309 174 10 a a DET ital-2309 174 11 sociological sociological ADJ ital-2309 174 12 approach approach NOUN ital-2309 174 13 to to ADP ital-2309 174 14 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 174 15 research research NOUN ital-2309 174 16 and and CCONJ ital-2309 174 17 policy policy NOUN ital-2309 174 18 in in ADP ital-2309 174 19 multilingual multilingual ADJ ital-2309 174 20 societies society NOUN ital-2309 174 21 , , PUNCT ital-2309 174 22 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 174 23 reading read VERB ital-2309 174 24 research research NOUN ital-2309 174 25 quarterly quarterly ADJ ital-2309 174 26 38 38 NUM ital-2309 174 27 , , PUNCT ital-2309 174 28 no no NOUN ital-2309 174 29 . . NOUN ital-2309 174 30 1 1 NUM ital-2309 174 31 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 174 32 2003 2003 NUM ital-2309 174 33 ): ): PUNCT ital-2309 174 34 132–41 132–41 PROPN ital-2309 174 35 , , PUNCT ital-2309 174 36 http://www.jstor.org/stable/415697 http://www.jstor.org/stable/415697 PROPN ital-2309 174 37 . . PROPN ital-2309 175 1 17 17 NUM ital-2309 175 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 175 3 stephanie stephanie PROPN ital-2309 175 4 collins collins PROPN ital-2309 175 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 175 6 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 175 7 breadth breadth NOUN ital-2309 175 8 and and CCONJ ital-2309 175 9 depth depth NOUN ital-2309 175 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 175 11 imports import NOUN ital-2309 175 12 and and CCONJ ital-2309 175 13 exports export NOUN ital-2309 175 14 : : PUNCT ital-2309 175 15 transactions transaction NOUN ital-2309 175 16 between between ADP ital-2309 175 17 the the DET ital-2309 175 18 in in ADP ital-2309 175 19 - - PUNCT ital-2309 175 20 and and CCONJ ital-2309 175 21 out out ADJ ital-2309 175 22 - - PUNCT ital-2309 175 23 of of ADP ital-2309 175 24 - - PUNCT ital-2309 175 25 school school NOUN ital-2309 175 26 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 175 27 practices practice NOUN ital-2309 175 28 of of ADP ital-2309 175 29 an an DET ital-2309 175 30 ‘ ' PUNCT ital-2309 175 31 at at ADP ital-2309 175 32 risk risk NOUN ital-2309 175 33 ’ ' PUNCT ital-2309 175 34 youth youth NOUN ital-2309 175 35 , , PUNCT ital-2309 175 36 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 175 37 in in ADP ital-2309 175 38 cultural cultural ADJ ital-2309 175 39 practices practice NOUN ital-2309 175 40 of of ADP ital-2309 175 41 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 175 42 : : PUNCT ital-2309 175 43 case case NOUN ital-2309 175 44 studies study NOUN ital-2309 175 45 of of ADP ital-2309 175 46 language language NOUN ital-2309 175 47 , , PUNCT ital-2309 175 48 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 175 49 , , PUNCT ital-2309 175 50 social social ADJ ital-2309 175 51 practice practice NOUN ital-2309 175 52 , , PUNCT ital-2309 175 53 and and CCONJ ital-2309 175 54 power power NOUN ital-2309 175 55 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 175 56 mahwah mahwah NOUN ital-2309 175 57 , , PUNCT ital-2309 175 58 nj nj PROPN ital-2309 175 59 : : PUNCT ital-2309 175 60 lawrence lawrence PROPN ital-2309 175 61 erlbaum erlbaum PROPN ital-2309 175 62 , , PUNCT ital-2309 175 63 2007 2007 NUM ital-2309 175 64 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 175 65 . . PUNCT ital-2309 176 1 18 18 NUM ital-2309 176 2 . . PROPN ital-2309 176 3 allison allison PROPN ital-2309 176 4 skerrett skerrett PROPN ital-2309 176 5 and and CCONJ ital-2309 176 6 randy randy NOUN ital-2309 176 7 bomer bomer NOUN ital-2309 176 8 , , PUNCT ital-2309 176 9 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 176 10 borderzones borderzone NOUN ital-2309 176 11 in in ADP ital-2309 176 12 adolescents adolescent NOUN ital-2309 176 13 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 176 14 practices practice NOUN ital-2309 176 15 : : PUNCT ital-2309 176 16 connecting connect VERB ital-2309 176 17 out out ADP ital-2309 176 18 - - PUNCT ital-2309 176 19 of of ADP ital-2309 176 20 - - PUNCT ital-2309 176 21 school school NOUN ital-2309 176 22 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 176 23 to to ADP ital-2309 176 24 the the DET ital-2309 176 25 reading reading NOUN ital-2309 176 26 curriculum curriculum NOUN ital-2309 176 27 , , PUNCT ital-2309 176 28 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 176 29 urban urban ADJ ital-2309 176 30 education education NOUN ital-2309 176 31 46 46 NUM ital-2309 176 32 , , PUNCT ital-2309 176 33 no no INTJ ital-2309 176 34 . . NOUN ital-2309 176 35 6 6 NUM ital-2309 176 36 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 176 37 2011 2011 NUM ital-2309 176 38 ): ): PUNCT ital-2309 176 39 1256–79 1256–79 PROPN ital-2309 176 40 , , PUNCT ital-2309 176 41 doi doi PROPN ital-2309 176 42 : : PUNCT ital-2309 176 43 10.1177/0042085911398920 10.1177/0042085911398920 NUM ital-2309 176 44 . . NUM ital-2309 176 45 19 19 NUM ital-2309 176 46 . . PUNCT ital-2309 176 47 samantha samantha PROPN ital-2309 176 48 becker becker NOUN ital-2309 176 49 et et PROPN ital-2309 176 50 al al PROPN ital-2309 176 51 . . PROPN ital-2309 176 52 , , PUNCT ital-2309 176 53 opportunity opportunity NOUN ital-2309 176 54 for for ADP ital-2309 176 55 all all ADV ital-2309 176 56 : : PUNCT ital-2309 176 57 how how SCONJ ital-2309 176 58 the the DET ital-2309 176 59 american american ADJ ital-2309 176 60 public public ADJ ital-2309 176 61 benefits benefit NOUN ital-2309 176 62 from from ADP ital-2309 176 63 internet internet NOUN ital-2309 176 64 access access NOUN ital-2309 176 65 at at ADP ital-2309 176 66 u.s u.s PROPN ital-2309 176 67 . . PROPN ital-2309 176 68 libraries libraries PROPN ital-2309 176 69 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 176 70 washington washington PROPN ital-2309 176 71 , , PUNCT ital-2309 176 72 dc dc PROPN ital-2309 176 73 : : PUNCT ital-2309 176 74 institute institute PROPN ital-2309 176 75 of of ADP ital-2309 176 76 museum museum PROPN ital-2309 176 77 and and CCONJ ital-2309 176 78 library library PROPN ital-2309 176 79 services service NOUN ital-2309 176 80 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 176 81 . . PUNCT ital-2309 177 1 20 20 NUM ital-2309 177 2 . . X ital-2309 177 3 lisa lisa PROPN ital-2309 177 4 tripp tripp PROPN ital-2309 177 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 177 6 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 177 7 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 177 8 youth youth NOUN ital-2309 177 9 , , PUNCT ital-2309 177 10 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 177 11 , , PUNCT ital-2309 177 12 and and CCONJ ital-2309 177 13 new new ADJ ital-2309 177 14 media medium NOUN ital-2309 177 15 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 177 16 . . PUNCT ital-2309 177 17 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 178 1 21 21 NUM ital-2309 178 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 179 1 nora nora PROPN ital-2309 179 2 fleming fleming PROPN ital-2309 179 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 179 4 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 179 5 museums museum NOUN ital-2309 179 6 and and CCONJ ital-2309 179 7 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 179 8 awarded award VERB ital-2309 179 9 $ $ SYM ital-2309 179 10 1.2 1.2 NUM ital-2309 179 11 m m NUM ital-2309 179 12 to to PART ital-2309 179 13 build build VERB ital-2309 179 14 learning learning NOUN ital-2309 179 15 labs lab NOUN ital-2309 179 16 , , PUNCT ital-2309 179 17 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 179 18 education education NOUN ital-2309 179 19 week week NOUN ital-2309 179 20 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 179 21 blog blog NOUN ital-2309 179 22 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 179 23 , , PUNCT ital-2309 179 24 december december PROPN ital-2309 179 25 7 7 NUM ital-2309 179 26 , , PUNCT ital-2309 179 27 2012 2012 NUM ital-2309 179 28 , , PUNCT ital-2309 179 29 http://blogs.edweek.org/edweek/beyond_schools/2012/12/museums_and_libraries_awarde http://blogs.edweek.org/edweek/beyond_schools/2012/12/museums_and_libraries_awarde X ital-2309 179 30 d_12_million_to_build_learning_labs_for_youth.html d_12_million_to_build_learning_labs_for_youth.html PROPN ital-2309 179 31 . . PUNCT ital-2309 180 1 22 22 NUM ital-2309 180 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 181 1 see see VERB ital-2309 181 2 william william PROPN ital-2309 181 3 f. f. PROPN ital-2309 181 4 tate tate PROPN ital-2309 181 5 iv iv INTJ ital-2309 181 6 and and CCONJ ital-2309 181 7 mark mark VERB ital-2309 181 8 hogrebe hogrebe NOUN ital-2309 181 9 , , PUNCT ital-2309 181 10 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 181 11 from from ADP ital-2309 181 12 visuals visual NOUN ital-2309 181 13 to to ADP ital-2309 181 14 vision vision NOUN ital-2309 181 15 : : PUNCT ital-2309 181 16 using use VERB ital-2309 181 17 gis gis NOUN ital-2309 181 18 to to PART ital-2309 181 19 inform inform VERB ital-2309 181 20 civic civic ADJ ital-2309 181 21 dialogue dialogue NOUN ital-2309 181 22 about about ADP ital-2309 181 23 african african ADJ ital-2309 181 24 american american ADJ ital-2309 181 25 males male NOUN ital-2309 181 26 , , PUNCT ital-2309 181 27 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 181 28 race race NOUN ital-2309 181 29 ethnicity ethnicity NOUN ital-2309 181 30 and and CCONJ ital-2309 181 31 education education NOUN ital-2309 181 32 14 14 NUM ital-2309 181 33 , , PUNCT ital-2309 181 34 no no NOUN ital-2309 181 35 . . NOUN ital-2309 181 36 1 1 NUM ital-2309 181 37 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 181 38 2011 2011 NUM ital-2309 181 39 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 181 40 , , PUNCT ital-2309 181 41 51 51 NUM ital-2309 181 42 – – SYM ital-2309 181 43 71 71 NUM ital-2309 181 44 , , PUNCT ital-2309 181 45 doi doi PROPN ital-2309 181 46 : : PUNCT ital-2309 181 47 10.1080/13613324.2011.531980 10.1080/13613324.2011.531980 NUM ital-2309 181 48 ; ; PUNCT ital-2309 181 49 mark mark PROPN ital-2309 181 50 c. c. PROPN ital-2309 181 51 hogrebe hogrebe PROPN ital-2309 181 52 and and CCONJ ital-2309 181 53 william william PROPN ital-2309 181 54 f. f. PROPN ital-2309 181 55 tate tate PROPN ital-2309 181 56 iv iv PROPN ital-2309 181 57 , , PUNCT ital-2309 181 58 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 181 59 school school NOUN ital-2309 181 60 composition composition NOUN ital-2309 181 61 and and CCONJ ital-2309 181 62 context context NOUN ital-2309 181 63 factors factor NOUN ital-2309 181 64 that that PRON ital-2309 181 65 moderate moderate VERB ital-2309 181 66 and and CCONJ ital-2309 181 67 predict predict VERB ital-2309 181 68 10th 10th ADJ ital-2309 181 69 - - PUNCT ital-2309 181 70 grade grade NOUN ital-2309 181 71 science science NOUN ital-2309 181 72 proficiency proficiency NOUN ital-2309 181 73 , , PUNCT ital-2309 181 74 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 181 75 teachers teacher NOUN ital-2309 181 76 college college PROPN ital-2309 181 77 record record NOUN ital-2309 181 78 112 112 NUM ital-2309 181 79 , , PUNCT ital-2309 181 80 no no NOUN ital-2309 181 81 . . NOUN ital-2309 181 82 4 4 NUM ital-2309 181 83 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 181 84 2010 2010 NUM ital-2309 181 85 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 181 86 , , PUNCT ital-2309 181 87 1096–1136 1096–1136 NUM ital-2309 181 88 ; ; PUNCT ital-2309 181 89 robert robert PROPN ital-2309 181 90 j. j. PROPN ital-2309 181 91 sampson sampson PROPN ital-2309 181 92 , , PUNCT ital-2309 181 93 great great ADJ ital-2309 181 94 american american ADJ ital-2309 181 95 city city NOUN ital-2309 181 96 : : PUNCT ital-2309 181 97 chicago chicago PROPN ital-2309 181 98 and and CCONJ ital-2309 181 99 the the DET ital-2309 181 100 enduring endure VERB ital-2309 181 101 neighborhood neighborhood NOUN ital-2309 181 102 effect effect NOUN ital-2309 181 103 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 181 104 chicago chicago PROPN ital-2309 181 105 : : PUNCT ital-2309 181 106 university university PROPN ital-2309 181 107 of of ADP ital-2309 181 108 chicago chicago PROPN ital-2309 181 109 press press PROPN ital-2309 181 110 , , PUNCT ital-2309 181 111 2012 2012 NUM ital-2309 181 112 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 181 113 . . PUNCT ital-2309 182 1 23 23 NUM ital-2309 182 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 183 1 henri henri PROPN ital-2309 183 2 lefebvre lefebvre PROPN ital-2309 183 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 183 4 the the DET ital-2309 183 5 production production NOUN ital-2309 183 6 of of ADP ital-2309 183 7 space space NOUN ital-2309 183 8 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 183 9 oxford oxford PROPN ital-2309 183 10 : : PUNCT ital-2309 183 11 blackwell blackwell PROPN ital-2309 183 12 , , PUNCT ital-2309 183 13 1991 1991 NUM ital-2309 183 14 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 183 15 . . PUNCT ital-2309 184 1 24 24 NUM ital-2309 184 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 184 3 xavier xavier PROPN ital-2309 184 4 de de PROPN ital-2309 184 5 souza souza PROPN ital-2309 184 6 briggs briggs PROPN ital-2309 184 7 , , PUNCT ital-2309 184 8 the the DET ital-2309 184 9 georgraphy georgraphy NOUN ital-2309 184 10 of of ADP ital-2309 184 11 opportunity opportunity NOUN ital-2309 184 12 : : PUNCT ital-2309 184 13 race race NOUN ital-2309 184 14 and and CCONJ ital-2309 184 15 housing housing NOUN ital-2309 184 16 choice choice NOUN ital-2309 184 17 in in ADP ital-2309 184 18 metropolitan metropolitan PROPN ital-2309 184 19 america america PROPN ital-2309 184 20 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 184 21 washington washington PROPN ital-2309 184 22 , , PUNCT ital-2309 184 23 dc dc PROPN ital-2309 184 24 : : PUNCT ital-2309 184 25 brookings brookings PROPN ital-2309 184 26 institute institute PROPN ital-2309 184 27 press press PROPN ital-2309 184 28 , , PUNCT ital-2309 184 29 2005 2005 NUM ital-2309 184 30 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 184 31 . . PUNCT ital-2309 185 1 25 25 NUM ital-2309 185 2 paul paul PROPN ital-2309 185 3 jargowsky jargowsky PROPN ital-2309 185 4 , , PUNCT ital-2309 185 5 poverty poverty NOUN ital-2309 185 6 and and CCONJ ital-2309 185 7 place place NOUN ital-2309 185 8 : : PUNCT ital-2309 185 9 ghettos ghetto NOUN ital-2309 185 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 185 11 barrios barrio NOUN ital-2309 185 12 , , PUNCT ital-2309 185 13 and and CCONJ ital-2309 185 14 the the DET ital-2309 185 15 american american ADJ ital-2309 185 16 city city PROPN ital-2309 185 17 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 185 18 new new PROPN ital-2309 185 19 york york PROPN ital-2309 185 20 : : PUNCT ital-2309 185 21 russell russell PROPN ital-2309 185 22 sage sage PROPN ital-2309 185 23 foundation foundation NOUN ital-2309 185 24 , , PUNCT ital-2309 185 25 1997 1997 NUM ital-2309 185 26 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 185 27 . . PUNCT ital-2309 186 1 26 26 NUM ital-2309 186 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 186 3 edward edward PROPN ital-2309 186 4 w. w. PROPN ital-2309 186 5 soja soja PROPN ital-2309 186 6 , , PUNCT ital-2309 186 7 postmodern postmodern ADJ ital-2309 186 8 geographies geography NOUN ital-2309 186 9 : : PUNCT ital-2309 186 10 the the DET ital-2309 186 11 reassertion reassertion NOUN ital-2309 186 12 of of ADP ital-2309 186 13 space space NOUN ital-2309 186 14 in in ADP ital-2309 186 15 critical critical ADJ ital-2309 186 16 social social ADJ ital-2309 186 17 theory theory NOUN ital-2309 186 18 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 186 19 new new PROPN ital-2309 186 20 york york PROPN ital-2309 186 21 : : PUNCT ital-2309 186 22 verso verso PROPN ital-2309 186 23 , , PUNCT ital-2309 186 24 1989 1989 NUM ital-2309 186 25 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 186 26 . . PUNCT ital-2309 187 1 27 27 NUM ital-2309 187 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 188 1 collin collin PROPN ital-2309 188 2 gordon gordon PROPN ital-2309 188 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 188 4 mapping mapping NOUN ital-2309 188 5 decline decline NOUN ital-2309 188 6 : : PUNCT ital-2309 188 7 st st PROPN ital-2309 188 8 . . PROPN ital-2309 188 9 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 188 10 and and CCONJ ital-2309 188 11 the the DET ital-2309 188 12 fate fate NOUN ital-2309 188 13 of of ADP ital-2309 188 14 the the DET ital-2309 188 15 american american ADJ ital-2309 188 16 city city PROPN ital-2309 188 17 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 188 18 university university PROPN ital-2309 188 19 of of ADP ital-2309 188 20 pennsylvania pennsylvania PROPN ital-2309 188 21 press press PROPN ital-2309 188 22 , , PUNCT ital-2309 188 23 2008 2008 NUM ital-2309 188 24 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 188 25 . . PUNCT ital-2309 189 1 28 28 X ital-2309 189 2 . . X ital-2309 189 3 ibid ibid NOUN ital-2309 189 4 . . PUNCT ital-2309 190 1 http://www.jstor.org/stable/415697 http://www.jstor.org/stable/415697 PROPN ital-2309 190 2 http://blogs.edweek.org/edweek/beyond_schools/2012/12/museums_and_libraries_awarded_12_million_to_build_learning_labs_for_youth.html http://blogs.edweek.org/edweek/beyond_schools/2012/12/museums_and_libraries_awarded_12_million_to_build_learning_labs_for_youth.html PROPN ital-2309 190 3 http://blogs.edweek.org/edweek/beyond_schools/2012/12/museums_and_libraries_awarded_12_million_to_build_learning_labs_for_youth.html http://blogs.edweek.org/edweek/beyond_schools/2012/12/museums_and_libraries_awarded_12_million_to_build_learning_labs_for_youth.html PROPN ital-2309 190 4 social social ADJ ital-2309 190 5 contexts context NOUN ital-2309 190 6 of of ADP ital-2309 190 7 new new ADJ ital-2309 190 8 media medium NOUN ital-2309 190 9 literacies literacy NOUN ital-2309 190 10 : : PUNCT ital-2309 190 11 mapping mapping NOUN ital-2309 190 12 libraries| libraries| ADJ ital-2309 190 13 thorne thorne NOUN ital-2309 190 14 - - PUNCT ital-2309 190 15 wallington wallington NOUN ital-2309 190 16 65 65 NUM ital-2309 190 17 29 29 NUM ital-2309 190 18 . . PUNCT ital-2309 190 19 ernest ernest PROPN ital-2309 190 20 morrell morrell PROPN ital-2309 190 21 , , PUNCT ital-2309 190 22 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 190 23 critical critical ADJ ital-2309 190 24 approaches approach NOUN ital-2309 190 25 to to ADP ital-2309 190 26 media medium NOUN ital-2309 190 27 in in ADP ital-2309 190 28 urban urban ADJ ital-2309 190 29 english english ADJ ital-2309 190 30 language language NOUN ital-2309 190 31 arts art NOUN ital-2309 190 32 teacher teacher NOUN ital-2309 190 33 development development NOUN ital-2309 190 34 . . PUNCT ital-2309 190 35 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 191 1 30 30 NUM ital-2309 191 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 191 3 missouri missouri PROPN ital-2309 191 4 department department PROPN ital-2309 191 5 of of ADP ital-2309 191 6 elementary elementary ADJ ital-2309 191 7 and and CCONJ ital-2309 191 8 secondary secondary ADJ ital-2309 191 9 education education NOUN ital-2309 191 10 , , PUNCT ital-2309 191 11 http://dese.mo.gov/dsm/. http://dese.mo.gov/dsm/. PROPN ital-2309 191 12 31 31 NUM ital-2309 191 13 . . PUNCT ital-2309 192 1 david david PROPN ital-2309 192 2 allen allen PROPN ital-2309 192 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 192 4 gis gis PROPN ital-2309 192 5 tutorial tutorial PROPN ital-2309 192 6 ii ii PROPN ital-2309 192 7 : : PUNCT ital-2309 192 8 spatial spatial ADJ ital-2309 192 9 analysis analysis NOUN ital-2309 192 10 workbook workbook NOUN ital-2309 192 11 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 192 12 redlands redland NOUN ital-2309 192 13 , , PUNCT ital-2309 192 14 ca ca NOUN ital-2309 192 15 : : PUNCT ital-2309 192 16 esri esri PROPN ital-2309 192 17 press press NOUN ital-2309 192 18 , , PUNCT ital-2309 192 19 2009 2009 NUM ital-2309 192 20 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 192 21 . . PUNCT ital-2309 193 1 32 32 NUM ital-2309 193 2 . . PROPN ital-2309 193 3 becker becker NOUN ital-2309 193 4 et et PROPN ital-2309 194 1 al al PROPN ital-2309 194 2 . . PROPN ital-2309 194 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 194 4 opportunity opportunity NOUN ital-2309 194 5 for for ADP ital-2309 194 6 all all ADV ital-2309 194 7 : : PUNCT ital-2309 194 8 how how SCONJ ital-2309 194 9 the the DET ital-2309 194 10 american american ADJ ital-2309 194 11 public public ADJ ital-2309 194 12 benefits benefit NOUN ital-2309 194 13 from from ADP ital-2309 194 14 internet internet NOUN ital-2309 194 15 access access NOUN ital-2309 194 16 at at ADP ital-2309 194 17 u.s u.s PROPN ital-2309 194 18 . . PROPN ital-2309 194 19 libraries libraries PROPN ital-2309 194 20 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 194 21 washington washington PROPN ital-2309 194 22 , , PUNCT ital-2309 194 23 dc dc PROPN ital-2309 194 24 : : PUNCT ital-2309 194 25 institute institute PROPN ital-2309 194 26 of of ADP ital-2309 194 27 museum museum PROPN ital-2309 194 28 and and CCONJ ital-2309 194 29 library library PROPN ital-2309 194 30 services service NOUN ital-2309 194 31 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 194 32 . . PUNCT ital-2309 195 1 33 33 NUM ital-2309 195 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 195 3 lisa lisa PROPN ital-2309 195 4 tripp tripp PROPN ital-2309 195 5 , , PUNCT ital-2309 195 6 “ " PUNCT ital-2309 195 7 digital digital ADJ ital-2309 195 8 youth youth NOUN ital-2309 195 9 , , PUNCT ital-2309 195 10 libraries library NOUN ital-2309 195 11 , , PUNCT ital-2309 195 12 and and CCONJ ital-2309 195 13 new new ADJ ital-2309 195 14 media medium NOUN ital-2309 195 15 literacy literacy NOUN ital-2309 195 16 . . PUNCT ital-2309 195 17 ” " PUNCT ital-2309 196 1 34 34 NUM ital-2309 196 2 . . PROPN ital-2309 196 3 becker becker NOUN ital-2309 196 4 et et PROPN ital-2309 197 1 al al PROPN ital-2309 197 2 . . PROPN ital-2309 197 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 197 4 opportunity opportunity NOUN ital-2309 197 5 for for ADP ital-2309 197 6 all all ADV ital-2309 197 7 : : PUNCT ital-2309 197 8 how how SCONJ ital-2309 197 9 the the DET ital-2309 197 10 american american ADJ ital-2309 197 11 public public ADJ ital-2309 197 12 benefits benefit NOUN ital-2309 197 13 from from ADP ital-2309 197 14 internet internet NOUN ital-2309 197 15 access access NOUN ital-2309 197 16 at at ADP ital-2309 197 17 u.s u.s PROPN ital-2309 197 18 . . PROPN ital-2309 197 19 libraries libraries PROPN ital-2309 197 20 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 197 21 washington washington PROPN ital-2309 197 22 , , PUNCT ital-2309 197 23 dc dc PROPN ital-2309 197 24 : : PUNCT ital-2309 197 25 institute institute PROPN ital-2309 197 26 of of ADP ital-2309 197 27 museum museum PROPN ital-2309 197 28 and and CCONJ ital-2309 197 29 library library PROPN ital-2309 197 30 services service NOUN ital-2309 197 31 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 197 32 . . PUNCT ital-2309 198 1 35 35 NUM ital-2309 198 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 199 1 collin collin PROPN ital-2309 199 2 gordon gordon PROPN ital-2309 199 3 , , PUNCT ital-2309 199 4 mapping mapping NOUN ital-2309 199 5 decline decline NOUN ital-2309 199 6 : : PUNCT ital-2309 199 7 st st PROPN ital-2309 199 8 . . PROPN ital-2309 199 9 louis louis PROPN ital-2309 199 10 and and CCONJ ital-2309 199 11 the the DET ital-2309 199 12 fate fate NOUN ital-2309 199 13 of of ADP ital-2309 199 14 the the DET ital-2309 199 15 american american ADJ ital-2309 199 16 city city NOUN ital-2309 199 17 . . PUNCT ital-2309 200 1 36 36 NUM ital-2309 200 2 . . PUNCT ital-2309 200 3 see see VERB ital-2309 200 4 mwalimu mwalimu PROPN ital-2309 200 5 shujaa shujaa PROPN ital-2309 200 6 , , PUNCT ital-2309 200 7 beyond beyond ADP ital-2309 200 8 desegregation desegregation NOUN ital-2309 200 9 : : PUNCT ital-2309 200 10 the the DET ital-2309 200 11 politics politic NOUN ital-2309 200 12 of of ADP ital-2309 200 13 quality quality NOUN ital-2309 200 14 in in ADP ital-2309 200 15 african african ADJ ital-2309 200 16 american american PROPN ital-2309 200 17 schooling schooling PROPN ital-2309 200 18 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 200 19 thousand thousand NUM ital-2309 200 20 oaks oak NOUN ital-2309 200 21 , , PUNCT ital-2309 200 22 ca ca PROPN ital-2309 200 23 : : PUNCT ital-2309 200 24 corwin corwin PROPN ital-2309 200 25 , , PUNCT ital-2309 200 26 1996 1996 NUM ital-2309 200 27 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 200 28 ; ; PUNCT ital-2309 200 29 william william PROPN ital-2309 200 30 j. j. PROPN ital-2309 200 31 wilson wilson PROPN ital-2309 200 32 , , PUNCT ital-2309 200 33 the the DET ital-2309 200 34 truly truly ADV ital-2309 200 35 disadvantaged disadvantaged ADJ ital-2309 200 36 : : PUNCT ital-2309 200 37 the the DET ital-2309 200 38 inner inner ADJ ital-2309 200 39 city city NOUN ital-2309 200 40 , , PUNCT ital-2309 200 41 the the DET ital-2309 200 42 underclass underclass NOUN ital-2309 200 43 , , PUNCT ital-2309 200 44 and and CCONJ ital-2309 200 45 public public ADJ ital-2309 200 46 policy policy NOUN ital-2309 200 47 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 200 48 chicago chicago PROPN ital-2309 200 49 : : PUNCT ital-2309 200 50 university university PROPN ital-2309 200 51 of of ADP ital-2309 200 52 chicago chicago PROPN ital-2309 200 53 press press PROPN ital-2309 200 54 , , PUNCT ital-2309 200 55 1987 1987 NUM ital-2309 200 56 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 200 57 ; ; PUNCT ital-2309 200 58 gary gary PROPN ital-2309 200 59 orfield orfield PROPN ital-2309 200 60 and and CCONJ ital-2309 200 61 mindy mindy PROPN ital-2309 200 62 l. l. PROPN ital-2309 200 63 kornhaber kornhaber PROPN ital-2309 200 64 , , PUNCT ital-2309 200 65 raising raise VERB ital-2309 200 66 standards standard NOUN ital-2309 200 67 or or CCONJ ital-2309 200 68 raising raise VERB ital-2309 200 69 barriers barrier NOUN ital-2309 200 70 : : PUNCT ital-2309 200 71 inequality inequality NOUN ital-2309 200 72 and and CCONJ ital-2309 200 73 highstakes highstake NOUN ital-2309 200 74 testing test VERB ital-2309 200 75 in in ADP ital-2309 200 76 public public ADJ ital-2309 200 77 education education NOUN ital-2309 200 78 ( ( PUNCT ital-2309 200 79 new new PROPN ital-2309 200 80 york york NOUN ital-2309 200 81 : : PUNCT ital-2309 200 82 century century NOUN ital-2309 200 83 foundation foundation NOUN ital-2309 200 84 , , PUNCT ital-2309 200 85 2010 2010 NUM ital-2309 200 86 ) ) PUNCT ital-2309 200 87 . . PUNCT ital-2309 200 88 http://dese.mo.gov/dsm/ http://dese.mo.gov/dsm/ X