College and Research Libraries things spiritual. Two chapters entitled "The Scientific Spirit in Religious Experience" deal with this endeavor, which stood for confidence in the potential unity of "intellectual integrity and vital religion." They portray the conflicts of which Bosworth was conscious as he sur- veyed the Christian thought of his time; the essence of the scientific spirit as it impressed him in relation to religious matters; the prin- ciples he emphasized in making the approach to religion both reverent and rational. Bosworth aimed at full acceptance of the scientific method, but with affirmation that much of the truth to be dealt with, even in the physical world, is not objectively demon- strable. Then, holding that negation can have small part in a universe which patently is developing and expanding, he refused to consider it the sole alternative to conviction based on positive proofs, and thus left the way open for whatever realities intuition and informed judgment might identify, after scrutiny of the total array of available facts and experience. The endeavor of Bosworth to view religion in the light of science corresponded with the contemporary tendency of scientists to discern religious significance in their findings. In seeking in his own field to accord place to all the evidence, he adopted a course which hardly can be assailed, even by those who might distrust the conclusions likely to follow its pursuit in particular cases; or who, spe- cifically, might not conceive the causative energy of creation in terms of a fatherly God, as Bosworth did, nor look upon human life and personality as the ultimate expression of that energy. With The Biography of a Mind there is published a companion volume captioned The Christian Religion and Human Progress, in which are assembled various published and unpublished addresses of Dr. Bosworth.- Ernest James Reece, White Plains, New York. Alabama Author Headings Author Headings for the Official Publica- tions of the State of Alabama. By Anne Ethelyn Markley. Chicago, American Li- brary Association, 1948, xviii, I23P· $4.75. This list of the names of the government departments, bureaus and other agencies of the territory and state of Alabama is im- portant in itself and even more noteworthy as the first volume of a projected series of similar publications to cover the forty-eight states and the District of Columbia. Thirty- seven others are completed or in progress. A careful study of this one leads one to wish Godspeed to their compilers and to . the A.L.A. in its publication of them. For here, even at the seemingly high price of $4.75, is one answer to the oft-repeated question: "How can we cut our cataloging costs?" It is generally agreed that official publica- tions must be cataloged under the names of their issuing bodies, assuming that those names are known or can be determined by a method practicable for libra.ry use. How- ever, to obtain that knowledge is a time- consuming and costly process performed over and over in the various libraries of the country with varying degrees of success, be- JANUARY, 1949 cause until now there has been no one good source for the information. Each cataloger has had to ferret it out of the statutes or depend upon inadequate secondary sources. Most American libraries have tried to get their information about the names of state agencies from Library of Congress cards. Their success, at least as far as Alabama is concerned, is clearly demonstrated by a com- parison of the Markley list with the Library of Congress catalog. The printed list pre- sents 521 names of state departments, boards, bureaus, commissions, etc., both current and obsolete, of the state and territory of Ala- bama, and several times that many references from other forms of the names. The Library of Congress catalog reveals only I 48 Alabama headings plus the corresponding references. About twenty-five of these seem to be given in a form which is obsolete or which was in- correct in the first place. Many of the earlier headings were established solely on the basis of information to be found in the publication being cataloged, a procedure which frequently proves to be uneconomical in the case of official publications, but one that is sometimes unavoidable. This means that at the pres- 91 ent time a library seeking information on the correct form of catalog entries for Alabama official publications would get only 23.2 per cent as much help from the Library of Con- gress catalog as from the Markley list. This situation in the Library of Congress may not be typical of the headings for other states because there are comparatively few Alabama official publications listed in the catalog. The more additions made the more likely it is that the headings are kept up-to- date or put in the correct form. N everthe- less, the A.L.A. Division of Cataloging and Classification has been aware for many years of the need for such a reference tool as these lists will provide. Since 1938 it has had a Special Committee on State Author Headings to encourage and sponsor their production. Each name is based on sound research working with the session laws, digests and codes of Alabama. In each case the legal name of the agency is given as it is specified in the body of the law, or if not there stated, in the title of the act authorizing the agency. If no name is specified in the authorizing act, but subsequent laws consistently refer to an agency by a given name, that name has been accepted as the legal one. Lacking such authority an attempt has been made to de- termine the most frequently used name. The name is followed by the citation of the authority for the form, a chronological record of name changes, transfer of du~ies, if such transfer affects designation of a department or division, mergers with other offices or abolition of the agency, with reference when- ever possible to laws authorizing each change, and finally by a list of "see also" references. Although the essential information needed for the catalog entries for the publications of all the agencies listed has been assembled, the headings are not all presented according to the form prescribed by the A .L.A. Catalog Rules. Miss Markley has interpreted the rule to enter an agency under its latest name to mean that all of the agencies which follow others in a direct line, discharging the same or closely related duties without extraneous intervening organizations to disrupt the suc- cession, should be considered a single unit, acd be entered under the name of the latest agency. This is not the customary interpre- tation and it is certainly not a practical one. Although sometimes an agency has the same name as another it supersedes, this is rarely the case; by using both names as headings with "see also" references explaining the succession one avoids the necessity of recata- loging the earlier publications when an agency is superseded by another. Various other complications such as duplication in the numbering of annual reports are also avoided. Because of this difference in basic policy, at least a dozen of the names that are used as cross references to the names of later agencies are themselves used for catalog entries by the Library of Congress. For example, the Library of Congress uses as headings both "Alabama. Banking Depart- ment" and "Alabama. Bureau of Banking" whereas Miss Markley provides a "see" rderence from the former to the latter. The Department of Banking was abolished in 1939 and its duties assigned to the Bureau of Banking in the Department of Commerce. Complications avoided by entering the publi- cations of each under its own name are ap- parent from the fact that the department published an annual report from 191 I to 1938/39, and the bureau's annual report, beginning with 1939/40, appeared as a part of the annual report of the Department of Commerce. On the shelves of a library the annual report of the Banking Department must stand alone, completed with the 1938/ 39 volume. It is difficult to see what would be gained by changing the entry to "Alabama. Bureau of Banking." Furthermore, by so doing one creates a bibliographical freak. There was no Alabama Bureau of Banking in I9II and not even a Department of Com- merce which could have published an annual report. On the other hand, it is a simple matter to lead the user of the catalog to the entry for the later agency where its publica- tions are listed. A similar case is that of the Department of Conservation which was created when several other agencies were abolished: the Oyster Commission, the State Commission of Forestry, the Monument Comm·ission , and the Department of Conservation of Game, Fish and Seafoods. Each of these except the last appears in the list as a name to be used as a catalog heading; the last one is presGnted only as a cross reference to the Department of Conservation. The illogic of this is the more apparent when it is discovered that a 92 COLLEGE AND RESEARCH LIBRARIES Division of Forestry was created in the De- partment of Conservation to absorb the func- tions of the State Commission of Forestry. of" and "Alabama. State Offices, Commis- sioners to Examine." Another basic policy in the construction of the list should be examined. This is the form of the names used for cross references. In order to simplify headings, the direct form was preferred to inversions-for example, "Alabama. Finance Department" (rather than "Alabama. Finance, Department of") See "ALABAMA. DEPARTMENT OF FINANCE." This policy can be followed only with extreme caution if meanings are not to be distorted or complications increased. The policy followed here results in references from such forms as "Alabama. Deceased Soldiers Claims Agent," "Alabama. Convict Inspectors" and "Alabama. State Offices Ex- amining Commission," in place of "Alabama. Deceased Soldiers, Agent to Settle Claims of," "Alabama. Convicts, Board of Inspectors Future lists should present the names of territorial agencies together at the beginning of the list instead of between the state "Tax Commission" and its "Treasurer." These details of cross references and ar- rangement are minor points which would not even be mentioned were it not anticipated that this volume will set the pattern for the others as well as guide librarians in the con- struction of their catalogs. It is such an excellent piece of work that it sets a high standard for the rest. Since it was originally prepared as a Master!s thesis at the Univer- sity of Illinois Library School, one cannot resist expressing regret that the new curricu- lum at Illinois is not providing the time for this kind of contribution that is so valuable both to the student and to the profession.- Lucile M. Morsch, Library of Congr ess. ROMAN LAW-148 vol. (76 in English); including 13 of English trans!. of por- tions of Digest, Porthier's Pandectes (26 vol.), Otto-Schilling-Sintenis transl. of Digest (7 vol.), Savigny's System (8 vol. 1840-51), Jhering's Geist. FOREIGN LA W-707 items (80 in English; 105 thin vol. or pamphlets), mainly on Pandektenrecht and property law; including 23 vol. of F estschriften for Binding, Brunner, Dahn, Fitting, Gierke, Jhering, Kohler, Sohm, Windscheid, etc. COMPARATIVE LAW (specifically)-21 (12 English). JURISPRUDENCE-132 (73 English). AMER. HIST. ASSOC.-Papers-all, only 3 and 5 bound; Reports-all except 1921 and suppl. vol. 1922, all bound save two; Review-vol. 5 to date complete, all unbound, and Indexes for 11-40. AMER. POL. SCI. ASSOC.-Proceedings-1-7 bound and unbound supplements to vol. 6, 7, 8 of Review; Review-from 1 to 35 complete except no. 4 of 10, also Supplements to vol. 6, 7, 8 as above and to 24 no. 1, and unbound Indexes for 1-20. ACAD. POL. SCI. (New York)-Proceedings-1 to 19, 64 out of 76 numbers, all unbound; Pol. Sci. Quarterly-from 31 no. 4 to 56 no. 4 except 36 no. 2, including supplements to vol. 32-38, 40 and Indexes for 1-45. Bids preferred in order: ( 1) for all items, ( 2) for first 4 or l~st 3 items, ( 3) for individual items. FRANCIS- S. PHILBRICK 3400 Chestnut Street Philadelphia 4, Pa. JANUARYJ 1949 93 * 0 **** . z **** (') *-tl The only independent, authoritative, and impartial guide to all important books published in America. PREPARED BY THE LIBRARY OF CONGRESS THE United States QUARTERLY Book List * A completely objective, continuous record. Impartiality guaranteed by the Library of Congress. * All books reviewed are evaluated by experts who serve without com- pensation. TIBRARIANS throughout America call it L indispensable. For THE UNITED STATES QUARTERLY BOOK LIST is the dependable, offi- cial bibliography of the current books from which every library chooses its stock. Approximately 250 volumes are listed in each issue. Every book receives a descriptive review, with critical comment where neces- sary, pointing out its special contributions or limitations. For ease of reference the titles are arranged under the following classifications ... Liter- ature, Fine Arts, Philosophy and Religion, Social Sciences, Technology, Biological Sci- ences, Physical Sciences, Reference Works. In addition, each issue also contains an Index of Authors and a Directory of Publishers. THE UNITED STATES QUARTERLY BOOK LIST is published for .the Library of Congress by Rut- gers University Press. Join the thousands of librarians who are keeping abreast of currently published books by subscribing now. In U. S. and dependencies: $3.50 per year. One copy, $1.00 Elsewhere: $5.00 per year. One copy, $1.25 Addms all orders to RUTGERS UNIVERSITY PRESS, Dtpt. 14, Now Brunswick, H. J. ****************** r-;ADEM_A_E_K--ER-5--··· Library Binders and Booksellers Newark, N·ew Jersey Hempstead, L.l., New York 74 Oraton Street Wellington St. at Clinton • RADEMAEKERS LIBRARY AND SCHOOL BINDINGS have won uni- versal recognition because of dura- bility and attractive appearance. • THE BINDERY IS OLD: the bind- ing methods are NEW, uptodate and practical. • Special Service for Special Libraries 1 1 ·!··------·--.. -··-··--·-··-·--··-·--·--·--··:· There arl' only a few sets left of the or i~i nal limited edition of- THE NORTH AMERICAN INDIAN EDWARD S. CtrRTIS Tht• m os t com plt'tt· awl authoritflt i; t " documntt on tht· A mt·riom !wlimt t 'i" t"l' riHt'IIIMt ·d. Originally offered in full morocco at $5,925. Now offered in :}4 morocco at $900-or in buckram at $7 7 5. (In- cludes library discount.) IV rift' for full dt 'tflil.i CHARLES E. LAURIAT CO., INC. 91 Franklin Street Boston