College and Research Libraries "National Jewish Organizations." Since I counted nineteen titles in the book under review that were not in the A]YB list, there are over 115 titles in A]YB not in The jew- ish Press in America. The A]YB list in- cludes title, address, date of establishment, principal editor, frequency, and issuing or- ganization, when applicable. The sixth edi- tion of Josef Fraenker s The ] ewish Press of the World (London: Cultural Depart- ment, World Jewish Congress, 1967; $1.25) has 245 titles for the United States and twenty-one for Canada; this gives informa- tion about editors and principal contribu- tors , circulation statistics , political affilia- tion, and year of founding, in addition to title and address. While neither A]YB nor Fraenkel can serve advertisers easily, either is good for most library use and much more comprehensive than The ] ewish Press in A merica. The criteria for inclusion and the degree of comprehensiveness are not mentioned. Almost all quarterlies and all titles of lesser frequency are omitted. Many scholarly, cul- tural, and political p eriodicals that are di- rected at small, special readerships are not included, thus ignoring many important ti- tles. In fairn ess, it can be noted that the omitted titles are largely without advertis- ing and in general w ould b e of little inter- est to those seeking the wide Jewish "mar- ket. " While this small paperback might be val- uable to the advertising community, the price seems high for reports on 111 titles seemingly b ased on answers to a question- naire. The two-page "History of the Jewish Press in Am erica" and nine-page "Yiddish- English Dictionary" are quite journalistic and add little to the value.-Herb ert C . Zafren, Hebrew Union College . OTHER BOOKS OF INTEREST TO ACADEMIC LIBRARIANS A merican Book l'ublishing Record: Annual Cumulative 1970. New York: R. R. Bow- ker Co. , 1971. 1727p. $35.00. ( 66- 19741). (ISBN 0-8352-0469-3). An Introductory Bibliography of Black Study Resources in the Eastern New Mexico University Library. Portales, Recent Publications I 399 N.M.: University Library, Eastern New Mexico University, 1970. 69p. Annual Report of the Librarian of Congress for the Fiscal Y ear Ending june 30, 1970. Washington, D .C.: Library of Congress , 1971. 169p. ( 6-6273). Bogdanor, V. B. A Bibliography fo1· Stu- dents of Politics. New York: Oxford Uni- versity Press, 1971. 113p. $2.50. Book Development in the Service of Edu- cation: Re port by the UNESCO Secre- tariat. New York: UNESCO Publications Center, 1971. 26p. free. (71-04459). Books for Children: Preschool through Jun- ior High School, 1969-1970. Chicago: American Library Association, 1971. 127p. $3.50. (66-29507). (ISBN 0-8389- 0099-2). Bowles, Frank and D eCosta, Frank A. Be- tween Two Worlds: A Profile of N egro Higher Education. New York: McGraw- Hill, 1971. 326p. $7.95. (70-141304). ( 123456789MAMM987654321). ( 07- 010024-1). Chapin, Ned. Flowcharts. Princeton: Auer- bach Publishers , 1971. 179p. ( 13- 147199). (ISBN 0-87769-061-8). Cheney, Frances Neel. Fundamental Ref- erence Sow·ces. Chicago: American Li- brary Association, 1971. 318p. $8.50. (73-151051). (ISBN 0-8389-0081-X). Davis , Gordon B. Introduction to Electron- ic Computers. 2d ed. New York: Mc- Graw-Hill Book Co. , 1971. 683p. $12.50. (79-154226). (07-015821-5). Dickinson, A. T., Jr. American Historical Fiction. 3d ed. Metuchen, N.J.: Scare- crow Press, Inc. , 1971. 380p. $10.00. (78-146503). (ISBN 0-8108-0370-4). Fletcher, John, ed. The Use of Economics Literature . Hamden, Conn.: The Shoe String Press, Inc ., 1971. 310p. $12.50. (ISBN 0-208-01206-0). Goode, Stephen H. , comp. Index to Com- monwealth Little Magazines, 1968- 1969. Troy, N.Y.: The Whitston Publishin g Company, Inc., 1970. 350p. $10.50. (66- 28796). Haro, Robeli P. Latin Ame1·icana Research in the United States and Canada: A Guide and Directory. Chicago: American Library Association, 1971. 111p. (72- 138653) . (ISBN 0-8389-0093-3). Heard, J. Norman and Hoover, Jimmie H. 400 I College & Research Libraries • September 1971 Bookman's Guide to Americana. 6th ed. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, Inc., 1971. 368p. $10.00. (73-149997). (ISBN 0-8108-0397-6). Hughes, Marija. Supplement Number One: The Sexual Barrier: Legal and Economic Aspects of Employment, 1971. Available from Marija M. Hughes, 2422 Fox Plaza, San Francisco, Calif. 94102. $3.00. 33p. Library Journal Book Review 1970. New York: R. R. Bowker Co., 1971. 854p. $18.95. ( 68-59515). (ISBN 0-8352- 0470-7). Lott, Richard W. Basic Data Processing. 2d ed. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, Inc ., 1971. 290p. $8.95. (79-151512). ( 13-058867-9). McCabe, James Patrick, 0. S. F. S. Critical Guide to Catholic Reference Books (Re- search Studies in Library Science, no.2). Littleton, Colo.: Libraries Unlimited, Inc., 1971. 287p. $11.50. (78-144202). ( 87287 -019-7). Maizell, Robert E., Smith, Julian F., and Singer, T. E. R. Abstracting Scientific and T echnical Lite1·ature: An Introduc- tory Guide and T ext for Scientists, Ab- stractors, and Management. New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc. , 1971. 297p. $14.50. (78-141200). (ISBN 0-471- 56530-X). Medsker, Leland L. and Tillery, Dale. Breaking the Access Barriers : A Profile of Two-Year Colleges. New York: Mc- Graw-Hill Book Company, 1971. 183p. $5.95. (74-141305). ( 123456789MAM- M7987654321). (07-010023-3). Nicholson , Joyce, ed. Australian Books in Print 1971 (Including Bookbuyers' Ref- erence Book). Melbourne, Australia: D. W. Thorpe Pty., Ltd., 1971. 260p. $15.00. Palmer, David C. Planning for a Nation- wide System of Librm·y Statistics. Wash- ington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1970. (Supt. of Documents Cata- logno. HE 5.215:15070).117p. Perry, Margaret. A BiD-Bibliography of Countee P. Cullen, 1903-1946. Westport, Conn.: Greenwood Publishing Corpora- tion, 1971. 134p. (75-105995). (ISBN 8371-3325-4). Rockwell, Willard F., Jr. The Twelve Hats of a Company President. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, Inc., 1971. 244p. (77-128084). (ISBN 0-13-934166- 8). Stanius, Ellen J. Index to Short Biographies: For Elementary and Junior High Grades. Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, Inc. , 1971. 348p. $7.50. (70-149996). (ISBN 0-8108-0385-2). Sypert, Mary. An Evaluation of the Colo- rado Statewide Referenc e Network. Den- ver: Mary Sypert, Center for Communi- cation and Information Research, Gradu- ate School of Librarianship, University of Denver, Boulder, Colo., 1971. 241p. $4.00. Taylor, Clara Mae and Riddle, Katharine P. An Annotated Bibliog1·aphy of Nutrition Education: Materials, Resource Person- nel, and Agencies. New York: Teachers College Press, Columbia University, 1971. 192p. $3.25. (71-132937). Thompson , Lawrence S. The Southern Black, Slave and Free. Troy, N.Y.: The Whitston Publishing Company, 1970. 576p. $13.50. (74-97478). Willing's British Press Guide, 1971 edition. London: James Willing, Ltd. , 1971. 640p. $12 .95. Wynar, Bohdan S. Library Acquisitions, A Classified Bibliographic Guide to the Literature and Reference Tools. 2d ed. Littleton, Colo.: Libraries Unlimited, Inc., 1971. 239n . $9.50. (77-165064). (ISBN 87287-035-9). ABSTRACTS The following abstracts are based on those prepared by the Clearinghouse for Library and Information Sciences of the Educational Resources In- formation Center (ERICjCLIS), American Society for Information Science, 1140 Connecticut Ave., N.W., Suite 804, W ashingt'on, DC 20036. Documents with an ED number may be ordered in either microfiche (MF) or hard copy (HC) from ERIC Document Reproduction Service, LEASCO Information J>roducts, Inc., 4827 Rugby Ave., Bethesda, MD 20014. Orders must include ED number and specification of format desired. A $0.50 handling charge will be added to all orders. Payment must accom- pany orders totaling less than $10.00. Orders from states with sales tax laws must include payment of the appropriate tax or include tax exemption certificates. Documents available from the National Technical Information Service, Springfield, VA 22151 have NTIS number and price following the citation. The New E.ngland Deposit Library and the Hampshire Interlibrary Center. A Survey of Two Storage Libraries Per- formed for the University Libraries of British Columbia. By Basil Stuart- Stubbs. British Columbia University, Vancouver, Library. 1970. 31p. (ED 046 478, MF-$0.65 HC-$3.29) The New England Deposit Library ( NEDL) is a storage library in which the participants rent space; revenue from rents supports the operation of the library, and varies according to the space held on behalf of each participant, whether occupied or not. NEDL does not own its collections, but merely stores them-there is no common use. The Hampshire Interlibrary Center ( HILC) is a jointly owned library of re- search material, supplementing the re- sources of the individual participants. Each participant pays an equal share of the op- erating budget. HILC owns its collections, which are loaned to the participants. The operation, facilities, costs, and services of each of these libraries are explored in or- der to determine which features might be suitable for British Columbia where, within a decade, the three university libraries will have grown beyond the capacity of present and projected library buildings. It is un- likely that microform or computer technolo- gy will soon provide an economic alterna- tive to physical volumes as a means of storing knowledge. An Assessment of a Post-Masters Intern- ship in Biomedical Librarianship. By Vern M . Pings and Gwendolyn S. Cruzat. Wayne State University, Detroit, Library and Biomedical Information Center, De- cember 1970. 47p. (ED 046 426, MF- $0.65 HC-$3.29') This paper attempts to assess the post- master's training program given at Wayne State University Medical Library between 1967-1970. Probabilistic conclusions sug- gest certain educational activities be under- taken: ( 1) There is no justification to cre- ate a postmasters program to teach basic library techniques and library schools must incorporate skill development within the curriculum or on-the-job training will have to be continued; ( 2) two justifications for internship programs require establishment of programs either to teach students the op- erations of large library systems with an ex- pectation of employment, or to teach stu- dents the application of theoretical knowl- edge in a working environment aimed to- ward a speciality; ( 3) management and planning tasks for libraries cannot be ade- quately taught in a one-year postmasters educational program; and ( 4) the distinc- tive feature of medical librarianship is its environment, and the librarian must com- prehend how biomedical information is generated and used and should attend con- ferences and seminars to gain this knowl- edge. The report concludes that all "experi- I 401 402 I College & Research Libraries • September 1971 mental" education undertaken in the pro- gram, including skill development, plan- ning, management and investigative work, should rightly be started in library schools. An addendum covers proposed educational objectives of the program. A Review of the Availability of Primary Scientific and Technical Documents Within the United States, Volume I. By James L. Wood. Chemical Abstracts Service, Columbus, Ohio, 31 October 1969. 12p. (ED 046 437, MF-$0.65 HC-$3.29) Volume I of this three-volume final re- port contains a summary of the objectives and results of a study conducted by Chem- ical Absb·acts Service (CAS), a Division of the American Chemical Society ( ACS) , to determine the availability of the scientific and technical primary literature which the user identifies through the use of secondary services such as Chemical Abstracts. The secondary services are not intended to sub- stitute for the primary literature but to aid the individual by analyzing the literature and creating abstracts and indexes. Once a user has identified through the secondary service the primary literature in which he is interested, he can turn to the library for access to that literature. The purpose of the study was to determine the availability of this literature from the user's local libraries or from other libraries via the interlibrary loan system. Recommendations drawn from the study are: ( 1) Scientific and technical serials are not widely enough available to users in the U.S.; (2) borrowing of such documents throu gh interlibrary loan is both uncertain and time-consuming; ( 3) special- ized document collections are needed as backup resources for the library communi- ty; and ( 4) the results of this study are generally applicable across the full range of science and technology. Volume II (LI 002 455) presents background detail and Volume III (LI 002 456) contains the bib- liography and appendixes for the study. Use, Mis-Use, and Non-Use of Academ- ic Libraries; Proceedings of the New York Library Association-College and University Libraries Section Spring Conference Held at Jefferson Community College, Watertown, May 1, 2, 1970. New York Library Associa- tion, Woodside, New York. College and University Libraries Section. 1970. No price given. (ED 046 419) The eleven conference papers emphasize the need for research into the "why" and the "who" of the library nonuser. Attitudes and environmental factors contributing to nonuse are: ( 1) Lack of student motivation by precollege experience with libraries; ( 2) failure of instructors to utilize the library except as a reserve collection; ( 3) failure of librarians to respond to the kinds of needs that exist; and ( 4) lack of under- standing by librarians that, to nonusers, a library is a complex organization and fre- quently a frustrating system to use. Effec- tive means of increasing library use in- clude: ( 1) A better understanding of the information-seeking habits and needs of users; ( 2) the librarians should spend more time outside the library interacting in stu- dent-faculty affairs; ( 3) the role of the li- brary should touch all facets of the academ- ic community; ( 4) the development of problem-oriented libraTy training that uses audiovisual media ; ( 5) the training of stu- dent reference advisers to interact with stu- dents; and ( 6) the orientation of the li- brary to the users thus increasing the prob- ability that the library dynamic processes (question-asking, information-seeking, com- munication, display, and serendipitous dis- covery) will be successful within the con- text of the learning process. Exploratory Investigation of Information Needs of Individuals and Institutions. By John A. Whittenburg and Gail L. Baker. American Psychological Associa- tion, Washington, D.C., Office of Com- munication Management and Develop- ment. November 1970. 23p. (ED 046 408, MF-$0.25; also available from Na- tional Information System for Psycholo- gy, American Psychological Association, 1200 Seventeenth Street, N.W., Wash- ington, DC 20036.) Two questionnaires were sent to indi- vidual and institutional subscribers to the American Psychological Association's Ex- perimental Publication System ( EPS) to investigate types of manuscripts and l lengths of information units needed to sup- port different job-related tasks. Basic find- ings from the questionnaire sent to indi- viduals were that reveiw or summary arti- cles were most frequently judged useful, while theoretical articles were judged least useful. Also, almost all of the respondents selected abstracts or short versions to sup- port their job-related tasks, but very few selected citations or complete text. With re- gard to the relationship between types of articles selected and work settings, those involved in basic research or training and education indicated the need for a greater range of types of articles than did those in- volved in applied research or management. Findings from the questionnaire sent to in- stitutions were that descriptors used by aca- demic institutions to characterize their sub- ject matter requirements were more ab- stract and more discipline- and content- oriented, while those used by nonacademic organizations were less abstract and more problem- and specialty-oriented. These findings have implications for designing EPS to better meet individual and institu- tional information needs. General Information Processing System: The GIPSY. ERIC Abstract Retrieval System. By Gerald T. Kowitz and others. Oklahoma University, Norman. 89p. In- formation Science Series Monograph 5, 1971. (ED 047 763, MF-$0.65 HC- $3.29) The General Information Processing Sys- tem (GIPSY) of the Merrick Computing Center is a user-dominated system. It can be used to manipulate and retrieve both numeric and alphabetic material. One of its most interesting uses is in the selection and retrieval of records and documents or of selected entries from records and docu- ments. It has been used for almost two years with the items in the Research in Ed- ucation Rle, and now also includes the Cur- rent Index to journals in Education file. GIPSY does not require extensive or de- tailed programming, and is capable of re- sponding to the user as he asks a sequence of questions. The report includes two sam- ple searches, terminal printouts, and termi- nal displays. Recent Publications I 403 Toward an Understanding of Library Co- operatives as Organizations. By Elaine F. Sloan. 29p. February 1970. (ED 047 752, MF -$0.65 HC-$3.29) A framework has been developed based upon concepts drawn primarily from or- ganization theory and small group research. Emphasis has been placed upon the re- sponse of libraries to their environments. The library "stakes out claims" or estab- lishes domains with regard to resources, users, and policies. Libraries then seek to have the environment acknowledge the va- lidity of these claims. This process of estab- lishing "domain consensus" is a critical ac- tivity of organizations and is a prerequisite for the formation of cooperatives. Contri- butions from the theory of coalition forma- tion were utilized in order to conceptualize the process of library cooperative forma- tion. Interaction between organizations has been viewed as an exchange system into which libraries enter because they expect to receive benefits in exchange for the re- sources they contribute. Two aspects of the exchange system were considered. The process of formation was examined, fol- lowed by an examination of some variables which affect the policies and performances of established systems. Tables 1 and 2 sum- marize the parameters and the manner in which each parameter affects the system. Local Applicability of the Library of Congress Classification; A Survey with Special Reference to Non-Anglo- American Libraries. By Kjeld Birket- Smith. Danish Centre for Documenta- tion, Copenhagen. 72p. FID Publ. Serie- No. 405. (ED 047 749, MF-$0.65 HC -$3.29) (Also available from FID/CR Secretariat, Danmarks Tekniske Bibliotek med Dansk Central for Dokumentation, Oster Voldgade 10, 1350 Copenhagen K., Denmark-$2.80.) The present examination shows that the classification scheme of the Library of Con- gress ( LC) must be considered as unsuited for use in Danish and, in all likelihood, other non- English language libraries as well. The book collection of the Library of Congress on which its bibliographical ser- vice rests is possibly more special than would first be imagined. As far as the clas- 404 I College & Research Libraries • September 1971 l sifying process is concerned, LC is unsuited for systematizing on various levels, includ- ing simplification for use in open-shelving. Neither is it immediately amenable to other types of adaptation required for non-Anglo- American libraries for language reasons. LC does not have the same receptiveness and flexibility to enable the user to use different paths of access to the same literature and at the same time afford purposeful brows- ing. It lacks firm structural principles which certainly can lead the classifier and user to the correct place. A Survey of Automated Activities in the Libraries of the U.S. and Canada. 2d ed. By Frank S. Patrinostro and others. Library Automation Research & Consult- ing Association, Tempe, Arizona. 131p. (ED 047 740; available from LARC Subscription and Sales Office, 365 Ravel- lo Lane, Costa Mesa, CA 92627 -non- members, $10.00; members, $5 .00.) This second LARC (Library Automation Research and Consulting Association) au- tomation survey presents a number of sig- nificant improvements over the first survey. Although the number of survey reports has not increased greatly, all of them have been updated, and reflect, as nearly as it is pos- sible to do , the current status of automa- tion operations for the reporting libraries. The m os t significant change is in the provi- sion of indexes so that the reports are acces- sible from a number of approaches. The survey is organized into three parts: Part I. Application of Automation in American Libraries; An Analysis of the LARC Survey Returns; Part II. Indexes to Survey; and Part III. The Survey Reports. Various as- pects of the survey are dealt with in the fol- lowing sections: ( 1) The analysis of the LARC survey returns; (2) the indexes; (3) uses of the indexes; ( 4) the survey reports; and ( 5) future editions. lnterloan Activity in Central New York; Analysis of a Sample. By Michael F. Kipp. Central New York Reference & Re- sources Council, Canastota, New York, 1969. 22p. (ED 047 717, MF-$0 .65 HC-$3.29) The interloan activities of public library systems and selected academic libraries were monitored during March and April of 1969. The objectives of this study were: ( 1) To learn what kinds of materials are unavailable or in limited supply in area re- search libraries ; (2) to provide data for recommendations for strengthening re- search collections; and ( 3) to develop a re- gional interlibrary loan code. The implica- tions of this study are: ( 1) Many requests are sent outside the region which could be satisfied within it; ( 2) the low elapsed time for successful transactions is not representa- tive of the total time a user must wait for materials; ( 3) insufficient use is made of available routing alternatives; ( 4) syste- matic use is not made of the relative suc- cess of past requests; ( 5) independent rout- ing appears to out-perform New York State Interlibrary Loan (NYSILL) both in time and positive responses; ( 6) Council re- sources in the humanities are insufficient to support d emands; (7) photocopy charges from independent sources are sometimes disproportionately high; and ( 8) certain factors seem to mitigate against the exhaus- tive use of regional resources before a re- quest is sent outside. Areas in need of fur- ther study are listed. (The final report of the July 1968 study on interlibrary loan ac- tivity is available as LI 001 599.) Proceedings of a Conference on a N a- tionallnformation System in the Math- ematical Sciences, Harrison House, Glen Cove, New York, January 18- 20, 1970. Edited by C. Russell Phelps. Conference Board of the Mathematical Sciences, Washington, D.C., July 1970. 57p. (ED 043 524; available from the Conference Board of the Mathematical Sciences, 834 Joseph Henry Building, 2100 Pennsylvania Ave ., N.W., Wash- ington, DC 20037 ($1.00)-MF $0.65.) The conferees explored the achievements , coverage, and technology of existing infor- mation services and systems in the fields of engineering, physics, chemistry, computing and control, and statistics, as well as mathe- matics and mathematics education. Scien- tists centrally involved in these information systems described the current status and developmental plans of their reviewing and abstracting systems, and their potential for interrelationships with the mathematical sciences. Possible compatibilities of the classification schemes and data bases of each system with other systems were ex- plored, as were the economic and manage- ment concerns of the several systems. All of these discussions had as a common thread their implications with respect to a Recent Publications I 405 national information system for the mathe- matical sciences. The twenty-six invited participants included the members of the Conference Board of the Mathematical Sci- ences ( CBMS) working group and repre- sentatives of information systems and ser- vices in the mathematical sciences and re- lated fields.