College and Research Libraries 1966, Joshua A. Fishman and others pub- lished the book: Language Loyalty in the United States, in which they discuss the ex- isting methods of "maintenance and perpet- uation of non-English mother tongues of American ethnic groups." In chapter III the writers examine "The Non-English and the Ethnic Group Press" for the period of 1910- 1960. Here basic trends in the numbers of circulation of various categories of ethnic publications and data covering future pros- pects of these publications are given. This is a valuable, systematic study of the sub- ject covered. However, numbers cited seem to be based primarily on the Ayer's Direc- tory which is not a dependable source for the ethnic press information. Also, Fishman does not present analysis of all individual ethnic presses. It groups many smaller eth- nics under "other Slavic," "other Romance," "other Germanic," which makes study of these groups' presses and their cultural ac- tivities very difficult if not frustrating. For the current situation, Wynar's En- cyclopedic Directory of Ethnic Newspapers is the only comprehensive bibliographic guide to the ethnic press in the United States. It lists 903 periodicals and news- papers published by forty-three ethnic groups. All groups including "other Slavic," "other Germanic," "other Romance," which have continued to publish in their native languages, are represented. Directory is ar- ranged in encyclopedic, alphabetical order by the ethnic group. Information in each group section is given in two parts. First part lists publications written entirely in na- tive language and those that are bilingual- partly in native language, partly in English. Second part lists those printed in English only. Within each section titles are again arranged alphabetically. Bibliographic information given is more or less complete. The compiler himself ex- presses regrets that some editors did notre- spond to many relevant items on the ques- tionnaire. When necessary, titles are trans- literated into the Latin alphabet. Unfortu- nately, there are some misspelled names and there is a lack of uniformity in the use of diacritical marks. In many instances these are completely missing. Annotations are concise, they serve their objective well in determining "the scope, content, and purpose of the publications" (Preface) . Recent Publications I 493 Cross references from the names of political units to those of pertinent ethnic groups are helpful (i.e., Yugoslav Press, see Slovenian, Serbo Croatian). An added feature of the directory is the introductory article "The Ethnic Press in the United States and Its Bibliographic Control." The compiler surveys and evalu- ates the few studies made in the past and compares statistical results of these with his findings which are based on a recent sur- vey-actual examination and a question- naire ( 1970 through July 1971). The re- sults are presented in statistical tables, giv- ing such information as a distribution of the ethnic press by type and frequency of publication, the numerical strength of indi- vidual ethnic presses and the total circula- tion. This statistical data is further analyzed and explained in the Appendix. Here, de- tailed tables are arranged again alphabeti- cally according to the language or ethnic group. Index to the publications with title entries and ethnic press designation appears to be accurate. The compiler states in the article that 90 percent of ethnic publications are included in the directory. Indeed, there are a few ti- tles which are not included (e.g. Vestnik SA VE-Slovenian) . There are a number of publications, intended for limited groups with a small circulation, which are not mentioned and which most compilers prob- ably would not have included even know- ing they existed. In spite of this incompleteness Wynar' s directory remains, as stated earlier, the most complete existing guide to the current ethnic press. For the reference librarians and scholars interested in the mass media or cultural and social pluralism of the American society, it is an extremely valu- able handbook filling a long existing gap.- Francka Povsic, Reference Librarian, Bowl- ing Green State University Library. Clapp, Jane. Art Censorship: A Chronol- ogy of Proscribed and Prescribed Art. Metuchen, N.J.: The Scarecrow Press, 1972. 582p. Following in the tradition of earlier pub- lications (Museum Publications, 1962 and Sculpture Index, 1970), Jane Clapp has at- tempted to fill a vaccum in the biblio- graphic control of irifoirnation on the fine 494 I College & Research Libraries • November 1972 arts by providing, in this instance, a chron- ological and bibliographical index to art censorship. Within the context of the "lib- eralism" of the past ten years that has al- lowed the publication and exhibition of erotic art to an extent which has hereto- fore been difficult unless shielded behind various pretenses which might be palatable to public taste, she has taken advantage of the demand and need for research on art censorship. From seven periodical and newspaper in- dexing sources and an unstated number of special library catalogs, she has culled near- ly 650 references primarily in English pub- lished since 1900 which provide the data describing the events and nature of cen- sored art in a chronological format ranging from 3400-2400 B.c. until May 3, 1971. Rather than attempting inclusion of all art- forms, she has limited the references to "suppression, restriction and restraint of vis- ual communication in the plastic arts- painting, sculpture, graphic arts, architec- ture-and the decorative arts." (page v.) Although she does not make any claims to comprehensiveness, additional informa- tion that is given, delineating the scope of the work, would certainly provide a valid and useful point of departure for further research on the topic and would clarify the extent of her documentation. The reader may legitimately question what has been omitted in the course of compiling informa- tion for this book. Ms. Clapp does define her subject and states that photography and motion pictures are not included but does not indicate what has been rejected as unimportant or insignificant in terms of resource materials. On the other hand, few reference works can offer moments of amusement such as the following cited event which occurred in 1853: "In Mannheim, Germany, ·venus de Milo,' nude classic statue, was tried in court of law for her nudity, and ·was con- victed and condemned.' " This passage is exemplary of the format of the content al- though many of the events described are far more detailed than this particular one. In addition, she juxtaposes both the general public's and the critics' reactions to the art- form in question for exhibitions. Even though the visual arts have been a natural communication medium to be censored, if for no other reason than for the immediacy of the visual image particularly in its conveyance of nudity, far less docu- mentation has been offered by a formal publication such as this one than in the lit- erary arts. Recent monographs such as Erotic Art by Drs. Phyllis and Eberhard Kronhausen ( 1968) and Studies in Erotic Art sponsored by the Institute for Sex Re- search at Indiana University (1970) in many instances exemplify the nature of art censorship (in the past many of the plates reproduced in these works could not be published without some form of censorship label covering genitalia) and are more con- cerned with the cultural origins and forms of erotic art rather than with society's ob- jections to it. Morse Peckham's book, Art and Pornography ( 1969), does treat the concept and definitions of pornography in art but does not focus on censorship per se. Obviously, art censorship has been an en- during preoccupation of society as Ms. Clapp's book substantiates. Locating the documents of such censorship which are scattered throughout court records , legisla- tion, newspapers, periodicals, and historical and social commentaries of a given period may well exhaust even the most voracious researcher. Ms. Clapp's book provides both a basic reference tool for art censorship re- search and an outline text for individuals interested in the history of art censorship.- Betty ]o Irvine, Fine Arts Librarian, Indi- ana University. Matthis, Raimund E. and Taylor, Desmond. Adopting the Library of Congress Clas- sification System: A Manual of Meth- ods and Techniques for Application or Conversion. New York: Bowker, 1971. 209p. $13.95. The title of this book raises the hope that it might be a careful consideration of al- ternative methods and techniques for use by a library in reclassifying its collection to the Library of Congress classification sys- tem. This hope is not realized. The authors modestly claim in the preface that "this manual is designed to make it possible for any library to change efficiently to the Li- brary of Congress system." However, the methods, techniques, and procedures they recommend are, almost entirely, those they used in reclassifying 68,428 volumes at the