College and Research Libraries


316 I College & Research Libraries • July 1973 

blacks by library schools and, if need be, 
preferential treatment by these agencies. 

In summary the contributions to this 
compilation are remarkably sober and ra-
tional in tone, with very few of the essay-
ists engaging in polemical attack for its own 
sake. There is a great deal of merit in the 
views expressed which makes the lack of 
editorial coordination and condensation all 
the more deplorable.-Norman Lederer, 
Director, University of Wisconsin System 
Ethnic & Minority Studies Center, Univer-
sity of Wisconsin-Stevens Point. 

Berlin, Charles, comp. and ed. Index to 
Festschriften in Jewish Studies. Cam-
bridge, Harvard College Library, 1971. 
319p. $35.00. 

Charles Berlin has made an important 
and valuable contribution to Jewish bibli-
ography. He has compiled an index to 243 
Festschriften in Jewish studies by author 
and subject. To this he has added a "List 
of Festschriften indexed." 

"An index to 243 Festschriften (in 259 
volumes) is provided here. It should be 
noted that occasional articles in Jewish 
studies that are to be found in Festschriften 
dealing with other subjects are beyond the 
scope of this Index." (p. ix.) Charles Ber-
lin has done yeoman work in gathering to-
gether such a vast number of Festschriften 
and indexing them in competent fashion. 
It is true that these many Festschriften 
were an "hitherto uncharted body of litera-
ture." However, an even more uncharted 
body of literature are the occasional articles 
in Jewish studies that are to be found in 
Festschriften dealing with other subjects. 
It is certainly a tremendous undertaking to 
index 243 Festschriften. Berlin accom-
plished the task well and the world of 
learning is indebted to him for it. But, the 
world of learning remains without an index 
to those "occasional articles" scattered 
throughout the volumes of published schol-
arship. It is regrettable that Charles Berlin 
was not willing to undertake this crucial 
task as part of this Index. Somehow one 
also has the feeling that the list itself is 
hardly exhaustive. 

Berlin has wisely composed and listed 
separately from his Index a '1ist of Fest-
schriften indexed" in which the Festschrif-
ten are arranged according to the name of 

the honoree. This list can serve as a check 
list of library holdings. Beneath the colla-
tion is a note indicating the name of the 
editor, if any. This note is not always an in-
dication of the form of main entry in use 
by the Library of Congress. In those cases 
when the main entry is a corporate body 
one is often at a loss to determine the cor-
rect form of entry. 

For example, the Ginzberg Festschrift 
was entered under the American Academy 
for Jewish Research. The Kaplan Festschrift 
was edited by Moshe Davis but the main 
entry is the Jewish Theological Seminary 
of America. The Marx Festschrift ( 1950) 
is entered under the Jewish Theological 
Seminary of America. · Finally, the Wolfson 
Festschrift although edited by Saul Lieber-
man is entered under the American Acad-
emy for Jewish Research. 

"It should be noted that the Index is not 
a library catalogue: an author's name has 
generally been recorded as given in the ar-
ticle .... It should be stressed that the very 
exacting and time-consuming procedures 
employed to 'establish' an author's form of 
name in an official library catalogue have 
generally not been used here. Nevertheless, 
an effort has been made to see to it that all 
articles by the same person are entered un-
der the same form of name .... " (p. xii.) 

It would indeed have been better to have 
established the forms of names of authors 
in accordance with the requirements of the 
standard manual for bibliographers in the 
Library of Congress entitled Bibliograph-
ical Procedures & Style, by Blanche Prich-
ard McCrum and Helen Dudenbostel Jones. 
Were that done it might have been possible 
to avoid a group of errors in form of en-
try: 

Irving A. Agus was entered in that form 
as well as Abraham Isaac Agus on the 
same page 2. 
Shaul Esh was entered as Shaul Ash on 
page 5. 
Y ehudah A vida ( p. 7) was entered as 
Jehuda Leib Zlotnik on page 118, but as 
Judah Loeb Zlotnik on page xl. 
Naphtali Ben-Menahem (p. 12) was also 
entered under his former name, N aftali 
Fried (p. 36). 
Haim B. Rosen was entered under that 
form of name on page 88 but under his 
earlier name, Haim Rozenraukh on page 
90. 

j 

· ~ 



• 

There is a basic rule of entry for authors 
who have changed their names. They are 
to be entered under the latest name used. 
This is clearly stated in rule 41 of the An-
glo-American Cataloging Rules, North 
American text. The Library of Congress' 
manual for bibliographers specifies that 
"the basic principles governing author entry 
are expressed in rules provided in ALA." 
(p. 31.) Underlying these rules is the fact 
that readers are not prone to remembering 
old names that are no longer in use. In 
point of fact, who can remember that Zal-
man Shazar was born Salman Rubaschow, 
for example? 

What is to be gained, therefore, by en-
tering Shin Shalom as Schalom Josef Scha-
pira with a cross-reference from Shin Sha-
lom? Wh o will recall in future years that 
Meir Bar-Ilan was once known as Meir Ber-
lin ( p. 15) or Meyer Berlin ( p. 134) ?I In 
the later case not even a cross-reference is 
provided. 

"The subject index lists some 1,600 sub-
ject headings arranged alphabetically .... 
Subject headings have been adapted from 
the Harvard College Library List of Subject 
Headings Used in the Public Catalogue. 
Cambridge, 1964." (p. xii.) This decision 
is to be regretted since the Index is hardly 
part of the public catalog of Widener Li-
brary. Since the Index is intended for na-
tional and international use, Berlin would 
have been better advised to use the list best 
known on a national and international ba-
sis, that of the Library of Congress. 

Even if the choice of subject heading list 
were satisfactory, much remains undone 
within the subject index. Whereas many 
subject headings were subdivided in good 
fashion, many were left without adequate 
treatment. For example, Arabic language 
and literature has a total of forty-three ar-
ticles which received a total of six subdivi-
sions. Aramaic language and literature has 
a total of thirty-one articles which received 
a total of three subdivisions. However, Ak-
kadian language and literature has a total 
of forty-three articles which are all grouped 
together without any subdivisions at alii 

The same holds true for many other sub-
ject headings. Dead Sea Scrolls has eighty-
eight articles with no subdivisions. Ger-
many, Italy, Jerusalem, Law-Jewish, Lit-
urgy and Ritual, Moses ben Maimon, New 

Recent Publications I 317 

Testament, Talmud Bavli, Zionism all ex-
tend for several pages each with no sub-
divisions whatsoever. 

Personal subject headings are abundant. 
One would have hoped for a greater con-
cord between the form of entry in the au-
thor index and that of the subject index. 
Such an attempt at concord might have 
prevented the following series of conflicts 
in form of entry: 

Author Index 
Arnie!, Moshe Avigdor p. 4 
Aptowitzer, Avigdor p. 5 
Hoffman, David Tsevi p. 51 
Rowley, H. H. p. 89 
Thomas, D. Winton p. 104 
Y alon, Henoch p. 115 

Subject Index 
Arnie!, Moses Avigdor p. 125 
Aptowitzer, Victor p. 126 
Hoffmann, David p. 212 
Rowley, Harold Henry p. 284 
Thomas, David Winton p. 304 
Yalon, Hanokh p. 312 

Sometimes the same person is entered in 
two ways within the same Subject index. 
On page 289 the reader finds Moses Schrei-
ber whereas on page 294 the reader finds 
Moses Safer. 

Sometimes the author and subject in-
dexes agree on one form of the name so as 
to disagree with the form of the name used 
for the honoree in the "List of F estschriften 
Indexed." Yitshak Baer (p. 8, 132) is the 
form of name in the author and subject in-
dexes whereas Yitzhak Fritz Baer ( p. xvii) 
is the form in the "List of Festschriften In-
dexed." Sometimes the subject index agrees 
with the "List of Festschriften Indexed" 
and disagrees with the author index. It is 
Pinkhos Churgin (p. xx, 165) in the former 
two and Pinchas Churgin (p. 22) in the au-
thor index. The reader may similarly choose 
between Morris R. Cohen (p. xx, 165) and 
Morris Raphael Cohen (p. 23). 

In short, it is not hard to cite examples 
of what may go wrong if one decides not 
to "establish" authors and personal subjects. 

It is to be regretted that there is no title 
index nor is there any justification given for 
not having such an index. The manual for 
bibliographers issued by the Library of 
Congress ( p. 45) requires romanization of 
titles in Hebrew characters. Regrettably 
this was not done in the Index. 



318 I College & Research Libraries • July 1973 

Despite all these shortcomings the fact 
remains that Charles Berlin has performed 
well an important and much needed task. 
Jewish scholarship now has a valuable ref-
erence tool. The world of learning is much 
indebted to Charles Berlin for it.-Sheldon 
R. Brunswick, Head, Near Eastern Office, 
University of California Library, Berkeley. 

Schutze, Gertrude. Information and Li-
brary Science Source Book; a Supple-
ment to Documentation Source Book. 
Metuchen, N.J.: Scarecrow Press, 1972. 
492p. $12.50. 
The time lapse between preparation and 

publication is a drawback to this supple-
ment, whose materials themselves reflect 
the same time gap. Both the author's pref-
ace and the publisher's releases stipulate 
that the items summarized range from mid-
1964 through 1969, which of necessity re-
stricts information in the items themselves 
to early in the year of 1969, allowing for 
preparation and publication. This informa-
tion cannot be considered the most recent 
advances in the field. 

There is virtually no information on net-
working. Due to the time lapse, there is no 
reference to FA UL, OCLC, NELINET, 
BALLOTS, CSLSI, or TIE. The user 
should note these limitations and search 
elsewhere for recent advances. A significant 
article on the Colorado Academic Libraries 
Book Processing Center, which was pub-
lished in the Winter 1969 issue of Library 
Resources & Technical Services, well with-
in the preparation period of this Supple-
ment, is not included. 

References from both the author index 
and the subject index are sometimes diffi-
cult to locate in the text. The author refer-
ral may be to a name listed within an ab-
stract. Indexing is not complete or entire-
ly clear. SDI (Selective Dissemination of 
Information) systems are referenced in a 
group from pages 415-26, where they ap-
pear in alphabetical author order under 
that heading, yet several articles on SDI are 
introduced in a separate section on Cur-
rent Awareness. The distinction between 
Current Awareness and Selective Dissemi-
nation of Information is blurred when an 
abstract states that a system "promotes cur-
rent awareness-through SDI notifications" 
(p.410). 

Although emphasis is laid upon the in-
clusion of the widespread use of computers 
in this supplement, the user is advised to 
consult additional sources with more de-
tailed and precise subject entries and more 
comprehensive coverage of the material. 

In general, the clarity of the abstracts re-
flects the care exercised in their prepara-
tion. There is a generous amount of retro-
spective information, particularly in the 
more stable fields of planning library facil-
ities, noncomputer acquisition and catalog-
ing techniques, and handling special types 
of materials. For those with limited access 
to the standard indexes and abstracts in the 
field of library and information sciences, 
this monograph could be of assistance.-
Gloria Terwilliger, Director, Learning Re-
sources, Northern Virginia Community Col-
lege, Bailey's Crossroads, Virginia. 

Christ, John M. Concepts and Subject 
Headings: Their Relation in Informa-
tion Retrieval and Library Science. 
Metuchen, N .J.: Scarecrow Press, 1972. 
174p. 

One of the aspects so often criticized in 
library and information science by the users 
and designers of organized systems of in-
formation is the inefficiency of subject re-
trieval. Most of the criticism stems from 
personal frustration and not from any eval-
uative investigation. Mr. Christ acknowl-
edges this state-of-the-art and has devel-
oped an investigation into the structure of 
the subject heading provided in academic 
library card catalogs. The study examines 
the meaning and function of headings in 
the area of social science, the main purpose 
being to determine the congruence b etween 
terminology in the social sciences and sub-
ject headings used by libraries. The three 
specific objectives are: ( 1) to determine if 
key social science terms are connotatively 
similar to subject headings, ( 2) to deter-
mine if such similarity, or lack of it, facili-
tates retrieval, and ( 3) to determine if the 
degree of similarity varies for different 
types of social science terms. 

There are several secondary issues inb·o-
duced which of necessity may affect the 
data and conclusions of the study. These 
include the nature and use of the academic 
library card catalog, how and why re-

.. 

J