College and Research Libraries 470 I College & Research Libraries • September 1976 They are institutional autonomy, librarians' negative attitudes, lack of library support by the university. central administration, and the lack of a full-time central coordi- nating agency empowered with line author- ity,' direct access to appropriations, and re- course to statistical data. These conclusions emerge inescapably from the evidence in the narrative. For example, Myrick reports that in 1971 a simple one-card union cata- log was started at Hunter, a procedure which is, as Myrick notes, almost identical to a proposal made by Margaret Rowell in 1955. Four reports from different consul- tants (and a proposed resolution from the CUNY Librarians' Association [LA CUNY]), submitted over a period of five years, pro- posed the creation of some form of coordi- nating office. All were, in the first instance, rejected. When the dean's office finally was created, it lasted less than two years, 1969-71, and the post has not been filled since. In 1966 the university commissioned a study by Felix Reichmann and Irlene Stephens on the feasibility of centralizing technical pro- cesses. The resulting report listed sixty- seven specific recommendations. By the time it had been revised and rewritten in response to comment and criticism by the Council of Librarians, "there were now thirteen recommendations, not one of which had any direct connection with technical services. Of the remaining 66 recommenda- tions, only three had been implemented by July 1974," LC conversion, application to (and denial by) ARL, and the union cata- log at Hunter. What of CUNY libraries now? All the senior colleges are in OCLC, and technol- ogy will clearly solve many of the mechan- ical problems which so beset the early at- tempts at library coordination. But the real problems will remain. How will the li- braries respond to the crisis? By pulling to- gether or by tugging apart? Will the uni- versity (librarians and administration) now realize and act on the need for strong cen- tral coordination? Libraries must coordinate their activities if they are going to survive, and it is my view that libraries in a multicampus uni- versity have a better chance or opportunity than anyone else. Not that the problems are less difficult or the politics any easier, they are not. · But at least the goal should be ~ more clearly definable. Multicampus li- braries should be the pathfinders, not the laggards, for if they can make library co- ordination work, then there is hope for the independent campus library. If they can't, our fate is deserved. But it is easy to be critical. The terrible truth is that while there are heroes and heroines, there are no villains (although some are shaded grey); only doubt, fear, unawareness, disdain, and other human frailties.--Glyn T. Evans, Director of Li- brary Services, State · University of New York Central Administration. Welsch, Erwin K. Libraries and Archives in Germany. Pittsburgh: Council for Eu- ropean Studies, 1975. 275p. $4.9-5, U.S., $5.95, foreign. (Order from: University Center for International Studies, U niver- sity of Pittsburgh, G-6 Mervis Hall, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260.) For American researchers planning an itinerary of German libraries and archives, Welsch's "handbook" will become as much part of their baggage as a railroad schedule or the Michelin Guide. Those who have studied in Germany can _only regret that this work was not available earlier, for Welsch's book can save the student much time and inconvenience. The author lists almost every major re- search library and archive in the Federal Republic and, to a lesser extent, in East Germany. While the ·emphasis is on the so- cial sciences, the author touches upon all disciplines. A seven-part format for each in- stitution includes the address and the name of its director (it is advisable to write in advance and state one's special needs). The American traveling abroad will appreciate information concerning library hours and the vacation periods observed. The author tells us which libraries have Sachreferenten (subject specialists) who can render help- ful and expert assistance. In the U.S. we have become accustomed to quick access to the ·resources in libraries and archives, but public admittance to stacks is still relatively unknown in Ger- many. It has ·only been in the last decade that German institutions have adopted our philosophy of "readers' service." There is a location guide listing the sub- ject-area responsibilities of German librar- t ~ \ l I ~ .. , ~ . . . . ~ .. ies. One wishes the author had incorporated this information ·in a general index. Espe- cially welcome in Welsch's book is infor- mation concerning the availability of micro- film readers and copying facilities in each institution. · An example of the author's time-saving advice: In order to obtain authorization to use the pre-1945 files of the German For- eign Office (now located in Bonn), the re- searcher must present a letter of introduc- tion from the U.S. Embassy. Similarly, the reader is advised as to the best procedure for gaining access to politically sensitive material in West and East Germany. This book is a prerequisite for the scholar who wants to know all about the many li- braries and · archives in Germany, the size of their collections, and their outstanding holdings. . A comprehensive bibliography following each listing eriables researchers to do in-depth background readings on the institution they plan to visit. This volume will be a most useful addition to the refer- ence collection in college and research li- braries.-Kurt S. Maier, Leo Baeck Insti- tute, New York. Clack, Doris H. Black Literature Resources: Analysis . and Organization. Books in Li- brary and Information Science, vol. 16. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc., 1975. $17.50. (LC 75-23582) (ISBN 0-8257- 6307-6) The concern for proper organization of black resources is not new. As Arthur Spingarn assembled his vast personal li- brary of black literature during the first half of this century, he knew early that bib- liography, like book collecting, is never an end in itself. Nor is it ever complete. He simply mirrored the concerns of many col- lectors or scholars of black literature during his period and after. This small volume which Doris Clack has written is an exten- sion of a continuing concern for the proper organization and analysis of resources in black history and culture. In preparing the volume, Clack. cites two areas as significant and worthy of address- ing through the work. First, the text aims to fill at least a part of the void which exists in professional attention ·given to the problems of bibliographic organization of black resources and to inspire examination Recent Publications I 471 of .other ·areas of ·bibliographic organization iri ·search o( applications suited to black re- sources. Second, the text aims to facilitate the search for classification notation and in- dex terms which have already been de- veloped and which are used for arranging materials. The author's primary concern is with the treatment of black themes in Subject Head- ings Used in the Dictionary Catalog of the Library of Congress. To address this issue, she attempts to define the rationale for the work in Part I, which is devoted to a brief historical look at subject analysis of black materials · through citations to a few pub- -lished works on the subject. Clack cites the work of Frances L. Yocum, pioneer in this area, whose ·subject headings for black themes had a marked influence on the de- velopment of black subjects in the Library of Congress list. While the author recog- nizes that the literature on this subject is limited, there is a conspicuous absence of reference to the work of Atlanta University and Annette H. Phinazee in sponsoring a conference which partially embraced this issue. In 1967 proceedings of the confer- ence were published under the title Materi- als by and about American Negroes and in- cluded a number of recommendations worthy of consideration. Part I of the Clack volume continues with brief discussions on "The Develop- ment of Black Literature Resources from an Historical Perspective" in which the au- thor follows some of the paths of black his- tory, attempts to show the nature of black literature from 1761 through the New Deal era of the 1930s, and discusses· various con- ditions of the times which had an effect on black writings. Part I ends with "The In- fluence of Black Studies on the Develop- ment and Use of Black Literature Re- sources," which summarizes various studies and concludes that far too few libraries are providing personnel and finances required for the adequate support of black literature resources. "Subject Analysis · Schedules" is the focus of Part II and, for the most part, includes a list of all relevant subjects on black themes which were included in LC classifi- cation schedules, a list of relevant LC sub- ject headings, and nonrelevant classification notation and subject headings which have