College and Research Libraries 410 College & Research Libraries specific topic of inquiry. Accordingly, Hanson preferred to develop classed se- quences in the catalog. This was often done by introducing subdivisions to al- ready existing headings, and, perhaps not surprisingly, the public catalog often re- flected the sequence of classes found in the library's classification schedules. Charles Cutter, on the other hand, be- lieved that the casual reader was the most constant user of the dictionary catalog. As a consequence, he believed that headings should be entered directly and, certainly, without topical subdivisions. The catalog included "see-also" references to assist the occasional scholar as well as to educate the casual reader by providing a means for learning of other related topics. While Haykin did not necessarily do away with the existing classed headings, he did prefer phrases in direct form over inverted headings or headings with subdi- visions. As a consequence, even though classed sequences remained in the cata- log, the newer headings were in direct form, and many related topics were scat- tered throughout the alphabet. In addi- tion, under Haykin, Library of Congress frequently assigned a set of subject head- ings to a single work. The set of headings was defined so as to match the subject of the work, but the individual headings were often broader than the work. For many readers the most rewarding part of Miksa' s study will be his rediscov- ery of the meaning of Cutter's subject rules. For when these rules are reinter- preted, it not only clarifies Cutter's words and restores our respect for the intellec- tual incisiveness of one of the founders of modern library science but also makes clear the inappropriateness of these rules for modern subject analysis. But Miksa's study goes further. He ex- plains the fact that our existing system is contradictory because it includes layers defined in terms of conflicting assump- tions about the nature of a subject heading and the nature of the catalog user. Thus, Miksa not only helps us to understand our past but frees us from it by clarifying the basic contradictions of our present practices.-D. Kathryn Weintraub, Univer- sity of California, Irvine. September 1984 World Librarianship: A Comparative Study. Ed. by Richard Krzys and Gas- ton Litton with the assistance of Ann Hewitt. New York: Dekker, 1983. 239p. $38.50. LC 82-22213. ISBN 0-8247-1731- 7. This work is an addition to the literature focusing on comparative librarianship in the international perspective. The work is divided into three sections, "Philosophy and Theory," "The Study," and "Con- clusions." The first is a detailed method- ological statement outlining the editors' approach to comparative study in interna- tionallibrarianship, including a good deal of the historical background in the evolu- tion of the methodology they have devel- oped. The editors outline eight major ob- jectives and attempt to reach their goals by analyzing nine geographic regions of the world, investigating eleven aspects of li- brarianship in each of these nine regions. The second section contains the results of their analysis followed by a brief conclu- sion. The work itself is set into the context of no fewer than four key evolutionary terms introduced by the editors: metalibrarian- ship, world study in librarianship, global librarianship, and extraterrestrial librar- ianship. Since the definitions of these terms will most probably be unknown to many readers, it would be best to briefly note that metalibrarianship is defined as "the philosophy and theory underlying the practice of librarianship throughout the world'' (p.3). Worldstudyinlibrarian- ship is defined as the process of compara- tive study itself (p.3-4). Global librarian- ship is library development "char- acterized by decision-making for the pur- pose of satisfying humanity's information needs rather than purely regional or na- tional needs" (p.201). Extraterrestrial li- brarianship (p.203) will, it is expected, be a logical outgrowth of successful globalli- brarianship. The methodological framework for anal- ysis in this study developed in the first section (p.3-53) is not well complemented by the second section (p.57-198) in which uneven area studies are put forth as a means for developing world study in li- brarianship. By uneven, it is meant that It's Your Choice . .. ;;ff""(JnivtlrSH,. . 03054. An equal oppo11unity/anmua· 11_ tive action employer. , ~ . ACQUISITIONS HELP REt 1 ACQUISITIONS ASSISTAN~S nef!ded ' Sible 0 to handle purchase of loretgn mrcro· graph• 1~~ form collections . Respons!ble lo_r all seathe r~~~ correspondence with loretgn mtcro· ~ publishers, handling currency ex· institutj· 1 change , shipping and customs prob· resumr .; terns and inspecting rolls and fiche Suza~ , for claims . Requirements lnc!ude flu· Healtli\:; ency in at least three lorergn ian· ern U n guages and high frustration tolerance . ~3054 .. Starting salary : $14,500.. ttve _a~.i) ' REFERENCE LIBRARIAN: Resp~;·~ sible lor general(~ ' ... ,,.!)~· · ... ~- · · ((aCtices· ;,q~a, vniver;i~J / _ion and empiO::n;~umty '" educa- ~ Sif[ji{floN WANTED- l d. CLEARWATER PU f ~ .ro- prOVide free orde BLISHIN_G CO. Will to ' r all foreign microto,;:ngf 5eiVIce for any form rcro- pany on _. rom any corn- i ex- search- any SUbJect, plus free title cor I PfOb· Includes ~~~i~u~lisher 's list price. g~ab~, frche SP8Cfion of all 9 /,"U.S. dollars, in- ~:i ',:~: . handling of all ~o~ei~~d ~che an~ for . . " d~ce. currency exchan rres~ en .e. prng and custom ge and shrp- gw !J !!!l.Uired: $0. s PrOblems . Salary 1 S~' '! ~TALO~ER: Northem On --..,. V. · ; to ~':;~tbrary i~ ~king~~ \ m~~- }II~SI?f!Ptr~ ;?,·, ·. F or your free acquisitions assistant, call Clearwater Publishing Co. collect at (212) 873-2100 or write to 1995 Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10023. Don't you wish all your choices were this easy? ~--------- - -------------------------------------------------------------~ 4U College & Research Libraries consistency in substantive content is lack- ing to the point that it weakens the edi- tors' intent. In many cases data are con- densed to the point that little current or historical information is obtained by the reader in a consistent fashion, resulting in unbalanced overviews. For example, cap- tions to the illustrations (p.117) of two Af- rican libraries reflect out-of-date terminol- ogy. Rhodesia became Zimbabwe in 1980, and Haile Selassie University has not offi- cially been known by that name since 1974. Brief and concise area studies are a re- quirement for this work since one inten- tion is to use them to develop and test the editors' analytical framework. Therefore, lengthy areas studies, for example, such as one finds in the International Handbook of Contemporary Developments in Librarianship (1981), would not be appropriate. What is needed in World Librarianship is more con- sistent, balanced, and substantive area studies edited to be less discursive in con- tent. What is also needed in World Librari- anship are up-to-date bibliographic cita- tions. The weaknesses of the area studies are reflected in the notes to the text. There are just over 180 notes, a substantial num- ber of which come from the same source, the Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science, which itself contains out-of-date material. References to current in-depth studies in the bibliography of the book it- self are lacking as well. Of the approxi- mately 160 entries, only about five date from 1978 to the present. Furthermore, current editions are not cited. For exam- ple, the 1976 edition of the International Guide to Library, Archival, and Information Science Associations is cited instead of the 1980 edition, and the 1970 edition of A Handbook of Comparative Librarianship is cited instead of the 1975 or 1983 editions. Intended as a text, the methodological framework for analysis the editors have developed in World Librarianship will, in spite of the work's weaknesses, be of in- terest to students and teachers of compar- ative librarianship.-David L. Easterbrook, University of Illinois at Chicago. Serials Management in an Automated Age. Proceedings of the First Annual September 1984 Serials Conference, October 30-31, 1981, Arlington, Va. Ed. by Nancy Jean Melin. Westport, Conn.: Meckler, 1982. 101p. $35. LC 82-2302. ISBN 0-930466- 48-9. Although many of the papers in this slim volume are already becoming dated, it does contain a wealth of information for the serials manager attempting to deal with serials in a time of great change. Many of the articles contain excellent bibli- ographies and serve well, both as an intro- duction to the topic and as a starting point for further research. The papers are well chosen, and cover a diversity of topics: ''The Journal of the Year 2000'' (Thomas B. Hickey); "Playing by the Rules- AACR2 and Serials" (Ruth C. Carter), "Going Online with Serials" (Minna C. Saxe); "Order from Chaos? Standardizing Serials" (Gary Ink); Indexes and Abstracts-What Lies Ahead" (Robert E. Stobaugh, David W. Weisgerber, and Ronald L. Wigington); "Resource Sharing of Serials-Past, Present and Prospective: Old Wine in New Bottles or Substantial Change?" (C. James Schmidt); and "Au- tomating the Serials Manager: New Direc- tions, New Opportunities" (Nancy Jean Melin). The book also includes an intro- duction by Melin and a summary by Milo Nelson. The papers contain excellent anal- yses of the present state of the field and fu- ture predictions. Many of the presenters bring forth problems for consideration along with some suggested solutions. Even though it is overpriced ($35 for 101 pages), I recommend this book for pur- chase by anyone dealing with the collec- tion or management of serials and for all libraries with a large library science collection.-]ames Mouw, University of Illi- nois at Chicago. Scientific Information Systems in Japan. Ed. by Hiroshi Inose. Amsterdam: North- Holland, 1981. 257p. $56. LC 81-1658. ISBN 0-444-86151-3. This collection of thirty-four technical papers is intended for the serious scholar/ student of database management systems in scientific research. The final report of a three-year project supported by Japan's Ministry of Education, Science, and Cui- •