reviews Book Reviews 581 practical applications for any type of li- brary. The one anomaly is an Internet health information guide for consumers. I read the book on the long way back to Philadelphia from the Special Libraries Association conference in Los Angeles and wondered, if these chapters were con- ference sessions, which ones would I at- tend? They are all worthwhile, but I found some more compelling than others. The essays in Teaching and Training tend to reflect our love affair with “infor- mation literacy.” The authors acknowl- edge the seduction of students by the fool’s paradise of search engines but do not entertain the possibility that informa- tion literacy may be a fool’s errand. How- ever, the research findings described in this section do hold numerous useful in- sights about what does and does not work in coaching students. “E-mail Reference: Who, When, Where and What Is Asked” is an overview of the current state of e-mail reference in general and, specifically, at Colorado academic and public libraries. The bulk of the report is a close examination of two years of obser- vation at Colorado State University. Al- though no earthshaking conclusions about the value of e-mail reference are presented, the detailed usage statistics provide an in- teresting tool for comparison. “Internet Engineering Reference: An Academic Strategy” chronicles a Univer- sity of Texas library’s active confrontation with the widening gap between the ref- erence desk and library users. The boom in new classroom and residence facilities presents challenges with which many readers will readily identify. In their analysis of reference questions, the staff uncovered interesting trends: Although “I need information on . . .” still predomi- nates, the biggest change is represented by questions concerning access and com- puter-related problems. What aren’t they asking? They seldom ask about which index to use, a sad indication of their mis- guided reliance on the public Internet. The marketing and public relations aspect of reference service is also addressed. “We have changed our thinking—the Web makes the library remote from its users, not the other way around.” I thought I was a keen evaluator of Web content, but “Historical Fabrications on the Internet” shocked me out of compla- cency. Frightening examples of hate lit- erature and biased reports skillfully dis- guised as historical fact prove that mali- cious misinformation is more pervasive than many of us could have imagined. “The Impact of ‘Scholar ’s Worksta- tions’ in an Undergraduate Library,” in the IT management section is an excellent model of successful project management. The systematic treatment does not omit the distressing detours taken and is a use- ful lessons-learned account for any type of library planning a major technological change. Almost a century ago, Thomas Edison predicted that the motion picture would replace the book. Similar forecasts ascribe the future demise of printed matter to the Internet. Today, we teeter on the brink of the Semantic Web, which will, according to Tim Berners-Lee who invented the World Wide Web in 1989, relegate the Web to antiquity by 2005 (http://www.w3.org/ People/Berners-Lee). Evolution in Reference and Information Services is refreshingly void of theoretical assumptions, focusing, in- stead, on down-to-earth practical obser- vances by innovative and astute reference librarians. The articles are well referenced, and the index is faultless. This is an inspir- ing and educational work for information students and veteran librarians alike.— Terese Mulkern Terry, University of Pennsyl- vania. Intellectual Freedom Manual, 6th ed. Comp. the Office for Intellectual Free- dom. Chicago: ALA, 2002. 434p. $45, alk. paper; ALA members, $40.50 (ISBN 0838935192). LC 2001-26684. “A must-have guide,” reads a rear cover blurb. And that is true. This latest, up- dated compendium of official ALA poli- cies, guidelines, and interpretations, to- gether with a “history” of how each was created and some fifteen essays by intel- lectual freedom (IF) authorities such as 582 College & Research Libraries November 2002 Judith F. Krug, Anne Levinson Penway, Bruce J. Ennis, Beverly Becker, and Don Wood on topics such as the Buckley Amendment, Internet access, confidenti- ality policies, opposition to Religious Right censorship attempts, and lobbying, belongs in all library systems. ALA’s Code of Ethics and a two-page Selected Bibli- ography, incidentally, appear as appen- dices. However, even to someone embracing a nearly “purist” stance on intellectual freedom, something is wrong here. In- deed, more than one thing is wrong. For starters, there is a pervasive smugness, dogmatism, and self-righteousness, a nearly “circle-the-wagons” mentality bordering on paranoia, that views any- one who questions the worth or appro- priateness of particular library materials as a benighted censor and sees the many reported “challenges” to, for instance, Of Mice and Men and the Harry Potter books, as evidence of a nonstop tidal wave of suppression. In fact, any citizen should be able to make a request for reconsid- eration without being tarred as a narrow- minded storm trooper. Materials selectors make mistakes. And, increasingly, local librarians do not even see or evaluate new titles supplied by distant vendors through outsourcing schemes or approval plans. Further, those myriad “challenges” actu- ally and typically arise in fairly rural and remote locales, hardly affecting large numbers of students or library users, and in any event are usually denied, although they do represent opportunities to reex- amine selection decisions and to explain free speech precepts to the challengers. This leads to another Manual anomaly: The consistent exclusion of critical, dissi- dent IF perspectives within librarianship itself. As an example, Focus on the Fam- ily and the Family Research Council are excoriated for contesting the validity of ALA’s annual Banned Books Week. These are easy, fundamentalist targets. No- where, though, are the serious criticisms articulated primarily by Earl Lee and Charles Willett mentioned. Mainly in the pages of Counterpoise, Lee and Willett, both librarians deeply committed to the freedom to read, unmask Banned Books Week as a self-serving deception, demon- strating that the works more truly “banned” in the sense of being barely available in either libraries or bookstores are those emanating from small and al- ternative presses. In short, these are ma- terials no one has “challenged” in librar- ies because libraries did not stock them in the first place. The Manual alludes to “self-censorship” once or twice but never explores this major threat to intellectual freedom in any depth. Similarly, the ap- pended bibliography curiously fails to cite a recent scholarly study on this very issue: Toni Samek’s Intellectual Freedom and Social Responsibility in American Librarianship, 1967–1974 (Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland, 2001). Another overwhelming oversight is the failure to acknowledge, much less dis- cuss, the broader IF context, especially the rapid concentration of media ownership and consequent shrinkage of available opinion and information. This rampag- ing process, disturbingly addressed by analysts such as Noam Chomsky, Robert McChesney, Michael Parenti, Ben Bagdikian, Norman Solomon, Edward Herman, and Herbert Schiller, as well as by Project Censored and FAIR (Fairness and Accuracy in Reporting), demands attention from librarians, whose collec- tions and clients are directly impacted by the constriction of diversity in print, elec- tronic, and AV formats alike. Although the Manual devotes some space to “the librarian and intellectual freedom,” it smugly concludes after re- counting details of the 1980 Layton Case—in which a Utah librarian success- fully, and with ALA support, won a suit and regained her job after being dis- missed for refusing to remove a novel from the Davis County Library—that “in general the library profession takes its responsibilities on this front seriously in- deed.” Well, that is unalloyed fantasy. Since 1980, colleagues have been rebuked or dismissed for the following: conduct- ing a program on Israeli censorship; writ- Book Reviews 583 Index to advertisers AIAA 498, 544 American Chemical Society cover 3 Archival Products 514 Biosis 480 CHOICE 561 Elsevier Science 479 Library Technologies 483 Primary Source Microfilm cover 4 TechBooks 527 Science Direct cover 2 University of California Press 497 ing prolabor freelance newspaper col- umns and scheduling a labor film series at a county library; questioning why a system closed on Easter, but not on Jew- ish holidays; criticizing library manage- ment at a city council meeting; support- ing a black coworker who charged the administration with job discrimination; publicly opposing a new main building with inadequate space for books; asking for improved security following a sexual assault; and expressing an opinion on the merits of AACR2 to state OCLC vendors. In the last instance, the librarian was sub- sequently reprimanded, forced into retire- ment, and five books written or edited by him, plus a sixth about him, expunged from the library’s catalog and shelves. Indeed, the “library profession,” includ- ing local and national IF units, apparently did not take “its responsibilities” very seriously in these cases. And an amend- ment to the Library Bill of Rights that would have extended free speech rights to library staff, affording them the same protection as materials and meeting rooms, was introduced to the ALA Coun- cil in 1999 but ultimately scuttled, buried. This event, perhaps unsurprisingly, also is unreported in the Manual. (Likewise unnoted are the documented examples of censorship or omission within the library press [e.g., “Top Censored Library Stories of 1998/2000,” Unabashed Librarian, nos. 118, 119]). Two final observations: First, the next edition would greatly benefit from an annotated directory of journals, groups, and Web sites concerning freedom of in- formation, censorship, and media democ- racy. Such a list should helpfully include sources for identifying and selecting truly diverse materials (e.g., Counterpoise, MultiCultural Review, Small Press Review, Women’s Review of Books). Second, isn’t it about time for ALA’s Intellectual Freedom Committee and Office for Intellectual Freedom to advise the Library of Con- gress that there really is a concept called “intellectual freedom” that deserves its own subject heading? (At present, the term appears in LCSH as an omnibus “see” reference to more specific topics such as “Academic freedom” and “Cen- sorship.” A subject search under “Intel- lectual freedom” will yield neither the OIF Manual nor Samek’s book.)—Sanford Berman, Alternative Library Literature. Kister, Kenneth F. Eric Moon: The Life and Library Times. Foreword by John N. Berry III. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland, 2002. 442p., alk. paper, $30 (ISBN 0786412534). LC 2001-7509. Kenneth Kister, of Kister’s Best Encyclope- dias renown, has tackled the fertile, but seldom tilled, field of library biography. What makes Kister’s biography particu- larly interesting is the fact that its subject, the legendary Eric Moon, is still very much alive and kicking. That having been said, Kister does not shrink from telling all he has gathered from more than a hundred hours of interviews with Moon himself and his second wife, Ilse, but also with his family (including his mother Grace and his younger brother, Bryan), and friends and colleagues (notably, Patricia Glass Schuman, John N. Berry III, E. J. Josey, and Arthur Curley, all of whom eventually served as president of the ALA). Although Kister lets Moon and others tell their sides of the story in their own words, he remains very much in control of the content and direction of the narrative. 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