reviews 332 College & Research Libraries July 2003 Books, Libraries, Reading & Publishing in the Cold War. Ed. Hermina G. B. Anghelescu and Martine Poulain. Washington, D.C.: Library of Con- gress, The Center for the Book, 2001. 297p. alk. paper, $25 (ISBN 084441056- X). LC 2001-41208. A collection of essays written primarily by librarians, Books, Libraries, Reading & Publishing in the Cold War is an interest- ing, problematic foray into a chapter of history that continues to influence politi- cal and cultural life in the twenty-first century. Published by the Library of Congress’s Center for the Book, the essays were origi- nally prepared for a conference organized under the auspices of the International Federation of Library Associations and held in Paris in June 1998. The essays also appeared in the winter 2001 issue of Li- braries & Culture: A Journal of Library His- tory (vol. 36, no. 1). The essays reveal an extremely uneven level of scholarship in terms of (1) re- search, (2) writing (or editing and/or translating), (3) knowledge of current his- torical understandings of the period un- der examination, and (4) self-awareness. Several essays are well researched. Boris Volodin, for example, offers an insightful examination of the published and unpub- lished library science research conducted in the Soviet Union under various re- gimes from the 1920s through the 1980s in his essay, “Foreign Libraries in the Mirror of Soviet Library Science during the Cold War.” Edward Kasinec’s essay, on the other hand, is a seemingly unre- flective reminiscence of a personal expe- rience, which, of course, is not without value for that precise reason. The unevenness of the writing, edit- ing, and/or translating is unfortunate be- cause lines of argument in a few essays are quite difficult to follow. Theirry Crepin’s essay on comic book publishing in France and Istvan Kiraly’s essay on secret library collections in Romania are two examples. Essayists’ attempts to grapple with the complexities of the Cold War range from concerted to none. For example, in her preface to the book, editor Martine Poulain, in noting the ideological dimen- sions, tensions, and manipulations of the Cold War, writes, “The free world, deci- mated by war, was seeking the rebirth of new ideas and the emergence of freedom of intellect.” From a critical U.S. perspec- tive (and in any discussion of the Cold War, the U.S. is usually regarded as a key figure in the “free world”), this statement rings naïve at best. The U.S. was not deci- mated by war, and it was first and fore- most interested in weighting the balance of Cold War-era power in its favor, har- nessing intellectual energies and products as one means to that end. With the end, of course, justifying any measures used, be they assassination, the overthrow of democratically elected governments, ly- ing, the arms race, or the covert funding of ideologically acceptable authors, pub- lishers, and think tanks. Although the “other side” of the Cold War equation, the Soviet Union, has been gone from the world scene for more than a decade, the motivations that initiated the Cold War, the techniques and agen- cies that promoted it, the critical capaci- ties stunted by it, and the benefits accrued by its advocates are all still very much a part of global politics today, and it is the responsibility and challenge of scholars to dig deeply, not only into archives, but also into one’s own mind-set and experi- ence. The Paris essays begin to scratch the surface of the stories to be told about books, libraries, reading, and publishing during the Cold War; but most of these authors do not even seem to be aware of current historical research into this pe- riod. Fortunately, some are. Jirina Smejkalova’s essay, “Censors and Their Readers: Selling, Silencing and Reading Czech Books,” offers a valuable model for future scholarly work within librarianship for her insightful, nuanced definition of censorship: I find it impossible to treat censor- ship as the oppressive exercize of centralized power by clearly defin- Book Reviews 333 ing “others” as the clerks of the spe- cial department of the Ministry of Culture in a Communist government or as agents of “American cultural imperialism.” … Who decides on the inclusion or exclusion of certain texts? It is important not to forget that the banned texts do not disappear … I understand censorship to be a time- related category, a far-reaching phe- nomenon closely related to the pro- cess of canon formation embedded within a web of social institutions. Indeed, essays by Istvan Kiraly and Valeria D. Stelmakh describe conditions of publishing and libraries in former So- viet countries that lend credence to her definition. Unfortunately, the essays of- fering examinations of the U.S. experience limit their examinations to McCarthyism and U.S.I.A. libraries and offer no new insights for anyone with a passing famil- iarity of library history. (Readers curious about this perspective of “canon forma- tion” as an important element of the Cold War are advised to read Frances Stonor Saunders, The Cultural Cold War: The CIA and the World of Arts and Letters (New York: New Press, 1999). A new generation of library historians has an exciting road ahead, and this re- viewer recommends beginning the jour- ney at the source of the four subject head- ings given this book, which, despite its many shortcomings, deals with the Cold War in both the “East” and the “West,” although one would not know it from LC’s subject headings: 1. Books and read- ing—Communist countries—Congresses 2. Censorship—Communist countries— Congresses 3. Cold War—Influences— Congresses 4. Libraries and commu- nism—Congresses. So, where is Censor- ship—Capitalist countries—Congresses? What about Libraries and capitalism— Congresses? These headings are proof positive that Cold War mentalities are alive and well (or maybe just on automatic pilot) at least in the cataloging department of the Library of Congress. And if there, where else might they be lurking? Recommended for all library and in- formation science collections for critical examination.—Elaine Harger, W. Haywood Burns School. The Future of the City of Intellect: The Changing American University. Ed. Steven Brint. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford Univ. Pr., 2002. 353p. alk. paper, cloth $55 (ISBN 0804744203); paper $24.95 (ISBN 0804745315). LC 2002-1560. I have long felt that college and research librarians, to be effective in their work, must understand the contexts in which academic libraries function. This is easier said than done, given the complexities of our libraries and the responsibilities we have for maintaining connections with our multiple and varied constituencies—fac- ulty, students, staff, administrators, visit- ing scholars, vendors, consortiums, pro- fessional organizations, and so on. Beyond knowing specific operational aspects in- herent within our profession, we need to understand the dynamics of higher edu- cation. This includes the internal and ex- ternal forces of change that influence our current modus operandi as well as the demographic, economic, and technologi- cal pressures that dictate our future. In this book, Steven Brint has done a marvelous job of presenting the thinking of a number of notable scholars on the future of the American university. It is a captivating volume destined to be the fo- cus of much discussion in academic circles as its distribution spreads throughout higher education. College and research librarians would be well served by be- coming conversant with the issues raised in this book. The Future of the City of Intellect: The Changing American University grew out of a conference held at the University of California, Riverside, in February 2000. The papers delivered at the conference are presented here, substantially revised based on input from attendees and dis- cussions during and subsequent to the conference. The title of the book refers to Clark Kerr’s famous work, The Uses of the University, and plays on his metaphor of << /ASCII85EncodePages false /AllowTransparency false /AutoPositionEPSFiles true /AutoRotatePages /All /Binding /Left /CalGrayProfile (Dot Gain 20%) /CalRGBProfile (sRGB IEC61966-2.1) /CalCMYKProfile (U.S. Web Coated \050SWOP\051 v2) /sRGBProfile (sRGB IEC61966-2.1) /CannotEmbedFontPolicy /Warning /CompatibilityLevel 1.3 /CompressObjects /Tags /CompressPages true /ConvertImagesToIndexed true /PassThroughJPEGImages true /CreateJobTicket false /DefaultRenderingIntent /Default /DetectBlends true /DetectCurves 0.0000 /ColorConversionStrategy /CMYK /DoThumbnails false /EmbedAllFonts true /EmbedOpenType false /ParseICCProfilesInComments true /EmbedJobOptions true /DSCReportingLevel 0 /EmitDSCWarnings false /EndPage -1 /ImageMemory 1048576 /LockDistillerParams false /MaxSubsetPct 1 /Optimize true /OPM 1 /ParseDSCComments true /ParseDSCCommentsForDocInfo true /PreserveCopyPage true /PreserveDICMYKValues true /PreserveEPSInfo true /PreserveFlatness false /PreserveHalftoneInfo true /PreserveOPIComments false /PreserveOverprintSettings true /StartPage 1 /SubsetFonts false /TransferFunctionInfo /Apply /UCRandBGInfo /Preserve /UsePrologue false /ColorSettingsFile () /AlwaysEmbed [ true ] /NeverEmbed [ true ] /AntiAliasColorImages false /CropColorImages false /ColorImageMinResolution 151 /ColorImageMinResolutionPolicy /OK /DownsampleColorImages true /ColorImageDownsampleType /Bicubic /ColorImageResolution 300 /ColorImageDepth -1 /ColorImageMinDownsampleDepth 1 /ColorImageDownsampleThreshold 1.10000 /EncodeColorImages true /ColorImageFilter /DCTEncode /AutoFilterColorImages true /ColorImageAutoFilterStrategy /JPEG /ColorACSImageDict << /QFactor 0.15 /HSamples [1 1 1 1] /VSamples [1 1 1 1] >> /ColorImageDict << /QFactor 0.15 /HSamples [1 1 1 1] /VSamples [1 1 1 1] >> /JPEG2000ColorACSImageDict << /TileWidth 256 /TileHeight 256 /Quality 30 >> /JPEG2000ColorImageDict << /TileWidth 256 /TileHeight 256 /Quality 30 >> /AntiAliasGrayImages false /CropGrayImages false /GrayImageMinResolution 151 /GrayImageMinResolutionPolicy /OK /DownsampleGrayImages true /GrayImageDownsampleType /Bicubic /GrayImageResolution 300 /GrayImageDepth -1 /GrayImageMinDownsampleDepth 2 /GrayImageDownsampleThreshold 1.10000 /EncodeGrayImages true /GrayImageFilter /DCTEncode /AutoFilterGrayImages true /GrayImageAutoFilterStrategy /JPEG /GrayACSImageDict << /QFactor 0.15 /HSamples [1 1 1 1] /VSamples [1 1 1 1] >> /GrayImageDict << /QFactor 0.15 /HSamples [1 1 1 1] /VSamples [1 1 1 1] >> /JPEG2000GrayACSImageDict << /TileWidth 256 /TileHeight 256 /Quality 30 >> /JPEG2000GrayImageDict << /TileWidth 256 /TileHeight 256 /Quality 30 >> /AntiAliasMonoImages false /CropMonoImages false /MonoImageMinResolution 600 /MonoImageMinResolutionPolicy /OK /DownsampleMonoImages true /MonoImageDownsampleType /Bicubic /MonoImageResolution 1200 /MonoImageDepth -1 /MonoImageDownsampleThreshold 1.16667 /EncodeMonoImages true /MonoImageFilter /CCITTFaxEncode /MonoImageDict << /K -1 >> /AllowPSXObjects false /CheckCompliance [ /None ] /PDFX1aCheck false /PDFX3Check false /PDFXCompliantPDFOnly false /PDFXNoTrimBoxError true /PDFXTrimBoxToMediaBoxOffset [ 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 ] /PDFXSetBleedBoxToMediaBox true /PDFXBleedBoxToTrimBoxOffset [ 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 0.00000 ] /PDFXOutputIntentProfile () /PDFXOutputConditionIdentifier () /PDFXOutputCondition () /PDFXRegistryName () /PDFXTrapped /False /CreateJDFFile false /Description << /ENU (IPC Print Services, Inc. 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