Inventing the Internet [Review]

  	
  	
  	
  


	Issues in Science and Technology Librarianship  	Fall 1999  


	DOI:10.5062/F4222RR4


  

  Book Reviews
    Inventing the Internet
      Jeff Alger
  Head, Weigel Library of Architecture, Planning and Design
  Kansas State University
jalger@ksu.edu    

Inventing the Internet. Janet Abbate. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1999.   268 pp. $ 27.50 (ISBN 0-262-01172-7)  
    Use of the Internet has grown tremendously in a very short time and we take much of  it for granted. We shop online, bank online, purchase airline tickets and make  hotel reservations online, all at the click of a mouse through the World Wide Web,  a graphical application for using the Internet. But how did the Internet get its  start?     In Inventing the Internet, Janet Abbate tells the tale of the creation  and evolution of the Internet beginning in the late 1960s with the development of a  revolutionary concept for transferring data called packet switching developed  simultaneously by Paul Baran of the Rand Corporation in the U.S. and Donald Davies  of the National Physics Laboratory in Great Britain. 

    Abbate discusses the challenges faced by the Advanced Research Projects Agency  (ARPA) in creating ARPANET, the first wide-scale computer network. ARPA's  challenges ranged from utilizing the new and unproven technique of packet switching  to connecting a wide variety of incompatible computers to the fledgling network.  Packet switching proved to be a success but as Abbate points out, it is hard to say  if packet switching made ARPANET a success or if ARPANET made packet switching a  success. Abbate explains the efforts of several organizations that went into  developing international standards that were necessary for the Internet to become  as successful as it has become. 

    Abbate also explores the social issues surrounding the creation and development of  the Internet; issues such as the cooperation necessary between the builders and the  users of ARPANET in the 1970s and 80s that made ARPANET more user friendly to how  the users themselves saved the ARPANET and ultimately the Internet through the  popularization of an unlikely application. Abbate states "[h]ad the ARPANET's only  value been as a tool for resource sharing, the network might be remembered today as  a minor failure rather than a spectacular success. But the network users  unexpectedly came up with a new focus for network activity: electronic mail." 

    Abbate delves into the popularization of the Internet through such applications  such as the World Wide Web and how private enterprises including Internet service  providers such as America Online, CompuServe and Prodigy quickly transformed the  Internet from a dull, text-only entity to a glitzy, graphically oriented medium.  The World Wide Web exponentially added to this popularization by providing an  application that was not only easy to use but also wildly entertaining to both  expert and novice users alike. 

    Abbate presents this history of the Internet in an easy-to-read style that is both  entertaining and informative. Inventing the Internet is well  documented with extensive chapter notes and an excellent bibliography. 

      

  

  
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