Bibliography

This is an automatically generated bibliography describing the content of this study carrel.

1. ital-10019
   • author: Fifarek, Aimee
   • title: President's Column: For The Record
   • date: 2017-06-28
   • words: 805
   • flesch: 60
   • summary: Next, we have a great new set of people coming in to lead LITA. JUNE 2017 1 This is my final column as LITA President.
   • keywords: lita; president
   • versions: original; plain text
2. ital-10022
   • author: Ozeran, Megan
   • title: Managing Metadata for Philatelic Materials
   • date: 2017-09-17
   • words: 5080
   • flesch: 40
   • summary: This suggests that similarity of metadata across collections of the same type will improve users’ ability to conduct their research. To provide an additional way to browse the collection, a sidebar in each digital record shows where it exists in the hierarchy of collections and provides links to each broader collection of which the current record is a part.
   • keywords: collections; materials; metadata; museum; philatelic; standards
   • versions: original; plain text
3. ital-10044
   • author: Dehmlow, Mark
   • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: Developing Relentless Collaborations and Powerful Partnerships
   • date: 2017-06-28
   • words: 1703
   • flesch: 38
   • summary: In the last 5 years, our organizations have shifted their focus - the OIT from emphasizing centralized, administrative, enterprise computing to decentralized, academic, enterprise computing and the Libraries from doing everything in house to leveraging services for standardized services and focusing our staff’s time on initiatives where they can create the most value. I am certain that the impetus to collaborate stems from our professional service commitment - a values based system that at its core believes that the success of all helps the collective do their jobs better in the name of service to our patrons.
   • keywords: libraries; oit
   • versions: original; plain text
4. ital-10046
   • author: Clossen, Amanda S.
   • title: Trope or Trap? Role-Playing Narratives and Length in Instructional Video
   • date: 2018-03-19
   • words: 2830
   • flesch: 55
   • summary: The preferences for screencast over narrative video did not change when the demographics were spliced. These focused on video length, speaking pace, zoom functionality, and use of callouts.3 Martin and Martin’s extensive 2015 review covers content, compatibility, accessibility, and audio.4
   • keywords: length; narrative; screencast; video
   • versions: original; plain text
5. ital-10060
   • author: Lou, Wen; Wang, Hui; He, Jiangen
   • title: Of the People for the People: Digital Literature Resource Knowledge Recommendation Based on User Cognition
   • date: 2018-09-26
   • words: 6723
   • flesch: 51
   • summary: Understanding user cognition by analyzing user needs. Researchers have so far tried to identify user cognition processes by analyzing user needs.
   • keywords: books; cognition; data; information; knowledge; relationship; system; user
   • versions: original; plain text
6. ital-10067
   • author: Marmion, Dan
   • title: Editorial: How Do You Know Whence They Will Come?
   • date: 2017-09-17
   • words: 951
   • flesch: 61
   • summary: Abstracted in Computer & Information Systems, Computing Reviews, Information Science Abstracts, Library & Information Science Abstracts, Referativnyi Zhurnal, Nauclmaya i Tekhnicheskaya Informatsiya, Otdyelnyi Vypusk, and Science Abstracts Publications. Dan Marmion (dmarmion@nd.edu) is Associate Director of Information Systems and Access at Notre Dame University, Notre Dame, Indiana.
   • keywords: catalog; web
   • versions: original; plain text
7. ital-10068
   • author: Jankowska, Maria Anna; Jankowski, Piotr
   • title: Is This a Geolibrary? A Case of the Idaho Geospatial Data Center
   • date: 2017-09-17
   • words: 4753
   • flesch: 55
   • summary: The use of IGDC is evaluated from the perspective of access and demand for geographic data. The usage of IGDC is evaluated from the perspective of access and demand for geographic data.
   • keywords: data; digital; geographic; geolibrary; idaho; information; map
   • versions: original; plain text
8. ital-10069
   • author: Kibirige, Harry M.; DePalo, Lisa
   • title: The Internet as a Source of Academic Research Information: Findings of Two Pilot Studies
   • date: 2017-09-17
   • words: 4553
   • flesch: 55
   • summary: A trait that most undergradu- ates exhibit in their information-seeking behavior is approaching the reference librarian for suggestions of leads to information sources needed for the term paper topic. I The Pilot Studies With the general information-seeking behavior of aca- demic users in mind, the researchers decided to investi- gate the use of search engines for information sources in the academe in the New York metropolitan area.
   • keywords: engines; information; internet; search; users
   • versions: original; plain text
9. ital-10070
   • author: Su, Siew-Phek T.; Needamangala, Ashwin
   • title: Harvesting Information from a Library Data Warehouse
   • date: 2017-09-17
   • words: 7239
   • flesch: 65
   • summary: Appro ver_Id Text(20) Div_No te Text(20) System_Control _Num Text(S0) Vend_Inv _Num Text(20) Acr_Stat Text(20) Ord_Div Number Ord_div Number MidSpine Text(20) Process_Uni t Text(20) Process _Unit Text(20) Temp_Locatn Text(20) Bib_num Text(20) Bib_key Text(20)
   • keywords: data; dlc; hull; information; library; query; text(20; titles; warehouse
   • versions: original; plain text
10. ital-10071
    • author: Soderdahl, Paul A.; Hughes, Carol Ann
    • title: That's My Bailiwick: A Library-Sponsored Faculty Research Web Server
    • date: 2017-09-17
    • words: 4302
    • flesch: 50
    • summary: Finally, since there is a close rela- tionship between the Information Arcade and the university libraries Web site, system administration and Web server support is all handled in- house as well. With the preva- lence of personal faculty home pages and course Web sites in just about every department on campus, it's not very hard for faculty to find a Web server somewhere for storing an HTML file.
    • keywords: arcade; bailiwick; faculty; information; university; web
    • versions: original; plain text
11. ital-10072
    • author: Walter, Scottt
    • title: Engelond: A Model for Faculty-Librarian Collaboration in the Information Age
    • date: 2017-09-17
    • words: 6903
    • flesch: 44
    • summary: From the beginning, the librarian and the faculty member modeled an integrat- ed approach to the evaluation of information resources for their stu- dents; one that drew both on generic critical thinking skills and on specific examples of how such skills might be applied to resources in their field. Again, the librarian and the faculty member modeled for the students an approach to the critical evaluation of information resources that drew not only on the professional expertise of the librarian, but also on the scholar- ly expertise of the faculty member .
    • keywords: faculty; information; library; literacy; resources; students; web
    • versions: original; plain text
12. ital-10073
    • author: Borin, Jacqueline
    • title: Site License Initiatives in the United Kingdom: The PSLI and NESLI Experience
    • date: 2017-09-17
    • words: 4074
    • flesch: 52
    • summary: Although it is an electronic initiative, proposals that include print will be considered, as it is still not easy to separate print and electronic materials.14 The initiative addresses the most effective use, access, and purchase of electronic journals in the academic library community. Additionally they will be look- ing at solutions for longer term archiving of electronic journals to provide a comfort level for librarians purchasing electronic only copies.16 Two offers that have been made under the NESLI umbrella so far are Blackwell Sciences for 130 electronic journals and Johns Hopkins Uni- versity Press for 46 electronic titles.
    • keywords: access; electronic; information; journals; license; site
    • versions: original; plain text
13. ital-10074
    • author: England, Mark; Joseph, Lura; Schlect, Nem W.
    • title: A Low-Cost Library Database Solution
    • date: 2017-09-17
    • words: 3086
    • flesch: 64
    • summary: The Collective Bibliography of North Dakota Geology In 1996 a project was initiated to combine three bibliographies of North Dakota geology and to make the final product searchable and browsable on the Web. Scott, Annotated Bibliography of the Geology of North Dakota 1806-1959 North Dakota Geological Survey Miscellaneous Series, no. 49 .
    • keywords: dakota; data; database; north; web
    • versions: original; plain text
14. ital-10075
    • author: Zhou, Jian-Zhong (Joe)
    • title: The Internet, the World Wide Web, Library Web Browsers, and Library Web Servers
    • date: 2017-09-17
    • words: 2333
    • flesch: 63
    • summary: According to the University of Delaware Library's 1998 survey of Internet Web servers among ARL member libraries, more than 32 per- cent of ARL libraries chose Apache as their Web server software, fol- lowed by the Netscape series at 29.32 percent, NCSA HTTPd at 11.28 per- cent, and Microsoft Internet Inform- ation Server (IIS) at 7.52 percent. er, HTTPd remains a popular choice for Web servers due to its small size, fast performance, and solid collec- tion of features .
    • keywords: internet; server; web
    • versions: original; plain text
15. ital-10076
    • author: Marmion, Dan
    • title: Pearls: Pixel Sizes for Web Pages
    • date: 2017-09-17
    • words: 549
    • flesch: 69
    • summary: Monitor size in inches is different from monitor size in pixels , which is different from window size in pixels, which is d ifferent from the rendered size of a browser's default font. Outside of images, find ways to express measurements relative to window size (percentages) or relative to text size (ems).
    • keywords: size
    • versions: original; plain text
16. ital-10077
    • author: Zillner, Tom
    • title: Book Reviews
    • date: 2017-09-17
    • words: 2433
    • flesch: 57
    • summary: The books I am reviewing this month are interrelated because they both focus on information technology and our changing world, with the two volumes looking at different levels of the picture. As Nardi and O'Day note, there is a ten- dency to either enthusiastically applaud new technology without regard to its effects, or to condemn all new technology as inherently debas- ing to humanity, or to simply resign oneself pessimistically to the inevitable development of technolo- gy and our lack of control over it.
    • keywords: information; media; technology
    • versions: original; plain text
17. ital-10078
    • author: Helmer, John F.
    • title: Editorial: I Inhaled
    • date: 2017-09-17
    • words: 1242
    • flesch: 50
    • summary: 59 Editorial: I Inhaled T his editorial introduces the third special issue of Information Technology and Libraries dedicated to library consortia, and the second primarily aimed at surveying consortial activities outside the United States. Jim and I discussed these questions and speculated on future roles for library consortia and their impact on member libraries.
    • keywords: consortia; editorial; library
    • versions: original; plain text
18. ital-10079
    • author: Krzyzanowski, Rosaly Favero; Taruhn, Rosane
    • title: Electronic Library for Scientific Journals: Consortium Project in Brazil
    • date: 2017-09-17
    • words: 3241
    • flesch: 41
    • summary: Using the ANSP Network, in addition to aug- menting and speeding up access to current scientific information in all the member institutions, will: • increase the cost-benefit per subscription; • promote the rational use of funds; • ensure continuous subscription to these periodicals; • increase the universe of publications available to users through collection sharing; • guarantee local storage of the information acquired and thus ensure the collection's mainte- nance and its continual use by present and future researchers; and • develop the technical capabilities of the personnel of the state of Sao Paulo institutions in operating and using electronic publication databases. Sao Paulo, 1998 (project presented to FAPESP-Fundac;ao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo).
    • keywords: electronic; information; library; sao; scientific
    • versions: original; plain text
19. ital-10080
    • author: Dai, Longji; Chen, Ling; Zhang, Hongyang
    • title: China Academic Library and Information System: An Academic Library Consortium in China
    • date: 2017-09-17
    • words: 3072
    • flesch: 51
    • summary: It resembles multi- state consortia in the United States with respect to geo- graphic distribution of member libraries, but it is like tightly knit or even centrally funded statewide ones in terms of management.2 The CALIS members are distributed in twenty-seven provinces, cities, and autonomous regions in China, mak- ing an entirely centralized management difficult. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. in one of five general areas-humanities, social science, and science; engineering and technology; agriculture and forestry; medicine; and national defense-in coordina- tion with regional centers and member libraries.
    • keywords: calis; center; information; libraries; library; member
    • versions: original; plain text
20. ital-10081
    • author: Bush, Carmel
    • title: Prospector: A Multivendor, Multitype, and Multistate Western Union Catalog
    • date: 2017-09-17
    • words: 9567
    • flesch: 47
    • summary: However, because of the large number of online library catalogs (too many Z39.50 targets cause broadcast searching to be slow) and 72 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY This number is expected to dramat- ically rise as the system grows and as local libraries pro- mote the service.
    • keywords: catalog; colorado; libraries; library; local; prospector; record; system; union catalog
    • versions: original; plain text
21. ital-10082
    • author: Giordano, Tommaso
    • title: Digital Resource Sharing and Library Consortia in Italy
    • date: 2017-09-17
    • words: 4797
    • flesch: 43
    • summary: Sharing electronic resources is the theme of greatest interest today in university libraries, where various ini- tiatives are aimed at setting up consortia to purchase licenses and run digital products. Over and above the validity of the projects already carried out or under way (important as that is), this programme has been very valuable to Italian libraries in terms of exchanges of experience and of open- ing up professional horizons, especially as regards coop- eration practice.s Digital Cooperation Recently, following the expansion of electronic publish- ing, university libraries have been displaying renewed interest in cooperation activities with particular reference to acquiring licenses and sharing electronic resources.
    • keywords: cooperation; electronic; information; italian; libraries; library; university
    • versions: original; plain text
22. ital-10083
    • author: Cutright, Patricia
    • title: Consortia Building: A Handshake and a Smile, Island Style
    • date: 2017-09-17
    • words: 4555
    • flesch: 47
    • summary: The 607 different islands, atolls, and islets dot an immense expanse of ocean; this geographic condition presents challenges in implementing and enhancing library services and technology. The FSM has now established six major goals to carry out its responsibilities and the need for overall improvement in and delivery of library services: 1.
    • keywords: information; libraries; library; micronesia; services; training
    • versions: original; plain text
23. ital-10084
    • author: Barrionuevo, Miguel Duarte
    • title: New Strategies in Library Services Organization: Consortia University Libraries in Spain
    • date: 2017-09-17
    • words: 5164
    • flesch: 42
    • summary: Quality management, effectiveness and efficiency measuring, costs control, services assessment, and users content or analysis from the stakeholders' point of view are con- cepts that emerge in university libraries. In order to adjust to the circumstances, universities are changing their management procedures, and university libraries have been forced into managing their business accord- ing to managerial criteria.
    • keywords: information; libraries; library; resources; services; university; university libraries
    • versions: original; plain text
24. ital-10085
    • author: Zillner, Tom; Morgan, Eric Lease
    • title: Book Reviews
    • date: 2017-09-17
    • words: 4602
    • flesch: 62
    • summary: but of course only six computer sci- ence researchers have actually expe- rienced the SnarfleTM interface, and it requires a $25,000 workstation and $10,000 in virtual reality gear to work, plus it is s-1-o-w. Pardon the sarcastic riff, but there is a lot of won- derful user interface work that is cer- tainly not finding its way onto mainstream computer users' desk- tops, or to the library or information center. Similarly, it seems, in the library and information world, at least in most people's routine interactions with OPACs and data- bases.
    • keywords: gift; information; library; people; stephenson; world
    • versions: original; plain text
25. ital-10086
    • author: Yelton, Andromeda
    • title: President's Message: 50 Years
    • date: 2017-09-17
    • words: 593
    • flesch: 55
    • summary: In 1971-72, Jesse Shera, who in his wide-ranging career challenged librarians to think deeply about the epistemological and sociological dimensions of librarianship; ALA makes several awards in his name today. How many of us are still using punch cards today?
    • keywords: lita
    • versions: original; plain text
26. ital-10087
    • author: Varnum, Kenneth J.
    • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: Content and Functionality--Know When to Buy 'Em, Know When to Code 'Em
    • date: 2017-09-17
    • words: 1598
    • flesch: 43
    • summary: Libraries are faced with an actual, rather than hypothetical, choice between building or buying fundamental user interfaces and systems As the internet has evolved, and coding has become more central to the skillset of many libraries, the capability of libraries to seriously consider building their own interfaces has grown. September_ITAL_varnum_final Editorial Board Thoughts: Content and Functionality: Know When to Buy ‘Em, Know When to Code ‘Em1 Kenneth J. Varnum2 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND LIBRARIES | SEPTEMBER 2017 3 We in library technology live in interesting times, though not those of these apocryphal curse.
    • keywords: library; user
    • versions: original; plain text
27. ital-10113
    • author: Buell, Jesi; Sandford, Mark
    • title: From Dreamweaver to Drupal: A University Library Website Case Study
    • date: 2018-06-18
    • words: 4130
    • flesch: 51
    • summary: e. Begin transferring content from old website to new website and create new content with other stakeholders—to be completed by mid-summer (web librarian) 126 b. Prepare campus-wide email to announce new website and discovery layer with our new URL (associate director of library technology and digital initiatives and web librarian) 11.
    • keywords: content; librarian; libraries; wdc; website
    • versions: original; plain text
28. ital-10146
    • author: Hart, Timothy Robert; de Vries, Denise
    • title: Metadata Provenance and Vulnerability
    • date: 2017-12-22
    • words: 4333
    • flesch: 51
    • summary: The preservation of digital objects has become an urgent task in recent years as it has been realised that digital media have a short life span. Migration involves migrating digital objects to a different and currently supported file type.
    • keywords: case; digital; file; metadata; preservation
    • versions: original; plain text
29. ital-10160
    • author: Howard, Heather A.; Huber, Sarah; Carter, Lisa V.; Moore, Elizabeth Anne
    • title: Academic Libraries on Social Media: Finding the Students and the Information They Want
    • date: 2018-03-19
    • words: 4268
    • flesch: 50
    • summary: Library social media content by platform What type of content would you like to see from the library? Library social media presence.
    • keywords: libraries; library; media; social
    • versions: original; plain text
30. ital-10170
    • author: Guo, Ya Jun; Liu, Yan Quan; Bielefield, Arlene
    • title: The Provision of Mobile Services in US Urban Libraries
    • date: 2018-06-18
    • words: 5420
    • flesch: 53
    • summary: CONCLUSION This study shows that mobile services have become popular in US urban libraries as of summer 2017, with 95% offering one or more types of mobile service. As a result, libraries around the world are exploring and developing mobile services.
    • keywords: apps; libraries; library; mobile; mobile services; services
    • versions: original; plain text
31. ital-10177
    • author: Sharma, Kumar; Marjit, Ujjal; Biswas, Utpal
    • title: Efficiently Processing and Storing Library Linked Data using Apache Spark and Parquet
    • date: 2018-09-26
    • words: 8112
    • flesch: 56
    • summary: Apache Spark is used for parallel processing of large data sets and a column-oriented schema is proposed for storing RDF data. Given an existing RDF dataset, we designed a schema for storing RDF data using a column- oriented database.
    • keywords: data; file; library; processing; query; rdf; spark; storage; web
    • versions: original; plain text
32. ital-10181
    • author: Khan, Muzammil; Rahman, Arif Ur
    • title: A Systematic Approach Towards Web Preservation
    • date: 2019-03-18
    • words: 8997
    • flesch: 40
    • summary: Digital preservation is performed using the primary methods of emulation and migration, in which emulation provides the preserved digital objects in their original format while migration provide objects in a different format.4 In the last SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TOWARDS WEB PRESERVATION | KHAN AND UR The first SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TOWARDS WEB PRESERVATION | KHAN AND UR
    • keywords: approach; archive; contents; digital; information; metadata; news; preservation; web; web archive; web preservation
    • versions: original; plain text
33. ital-10191
    • author: Galbreath, Blake Lee; Johnson, Corey; Hvizdak, Erin
    • title: Primo New User Interface: Usability Testing and Local Customizations Implemented in Response
    • date: 2018-06-18
    • words: 9456
    • flesch: 63
    • summary: 18 Anne M. Pepitone, “A Tale of Two UIs: Usability Studies of Two Primo User Interfaces” (slideshow presentation, Primo Day 2017: In other areas, where the difference between the two interfaces was more pronounced, study participants experienced more difficulty.
    • keywords: able; new; participant; primo; research; search; yes
    • versions: original; plain text
34. ital-10208
    • author: Godfrey, Bruce; Stoddart, Rick
    • title: Managing In-Library Use Data: Putting a Web Geographic Information Systems Platform through its Paces
    • date: 2018-06-18
    • words: 5182
    • flesch: 45
    • summary: Mandel’s process demonstrated how a GIS could be utilized to visualize the use of library spaces for marketing materials and services as well as graphically depicting a library’s value. Fusing the capabilities of these new platforms with traditional observational methods of gathering data on how people are using library spaces extends the body of knowledge and offers interesting new opportunities for research such as cross-institutional comparisons.
    • keywords: arcgis; data; gis; library; space; use
    • versions: original; plain text
35. ital-10230
    • author: Wilkinson, Jaci
    • title: Accessible, Dynamic Web Content Using Instagram
    • date: 2018-03-19
    • words: 3631
    • flesch: 45
    • summary: This is tied to the high number of Instagram users who are college-age.15 The ASC Instagram account launched in January 2015, and staff quickly settled on the persona of “Banjo Cat” to share collection items and relevant history.
    • keywords: content; instagram; library; media; social
    • versions: original; plain text
36. ital-10237
    • author: Varnum, Kenneth J.
    • title: Letter from the Editor
    • date: 2017-12-22
    • words: 359
    • flesch: 62
    • summary: Originally published as the Journal of Library Automation, ITAL has a long history of tracking the rapid-fire changes in technology as it relates to libraries. Much as it has over the past 50 years, technology will continue to change not just the way libraries offer services to their communities, but the way we conceptualize what it is we do.
    • keywords: technology
    • versions: original; plain text
37. ital-10238
    • author: Yelton, Andromeda
    • title: President’s Message
    • date: 2017-12-22
    • words: 852
    • flesch: 56
    • summary: Ken’s distinguished record of LITA service includes stints on the ITAL Editorial Board and the LITA Board of Directors, so he knows the journal very well and I am enthusiastic about its future under his lead. Technology services are front-line services.
    • keywords: data; library
    • versions: original; plain text
38. ital-10239
    • author: Dehmlow, Mark
    • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: Reinvesting in Our Traditional Personnel Through Knowledge Sharing and Training
    • date: 2017-12-22
    • words: 1356
    • flesch: 38
    • summary: For decades, technologists have been in the privileged position of having the necessary skills to advance the profession’s digital future, but it will be important for technologists in libraries to integrate the many valuable skills other personnel can offer so that they also can evolve in ways that best support our organizations – leveraging foundational library skills to enhance overall organizational capacity to accomplish tasks that are increasingly requiring technical expertise. Technologists will need to be open to incorporating foundational library skills, to collaborating and learning from other library specialists, to thinking of their positions more broadly, and, for those who live in ivory towers (you know who you are), to eliminating the silos they’ve built and collaborate, cooperate, and engage.
    • keywords: libraries; technology
    • versions: original; plain text
39. ital-10240
    • author: Willis, Samuel Kent; O'Reilly, Faye
    • title: Enhancing Visibility of Vendor Accessibility Documentation
    • date: 2018-09-26
    • words: 6557
    • flesch: 21
    • summary: A main objective of this study was to determine a method of increasing the visibility of vendor accessibility documentation for the benefit of our users. Twelve of the remaining vendors responded to our email inquiries with VPATs and seven vendors responded with other accessibility documentation.
    • keywords: accessibility; accessible; documentation; information; libraries; library; study; vendors
    • versions: original; plain text
40. ital-10308
    • author: Shen, Yaqi
    • title: Library Space Information Model Based on GIS — A Case Study of Shanghai Jiao Tong University
    • date: 2018-09-26
    • words: 4030
    • flesch: 52
    • summary: This model will be expanded to the whole library, providing visual information of library books and materials. 7 Andrew Coyle, “Interior Library GIS,” Library
    • keywords: book; gis; information; library; system
    • versions: original; plain text
41. ital-10338
    • author: Cyzyk, Mark
    • title: ITAL Editorial Board Thoughts. Halfway Home: User Centered Design and Library Websites
    • date: 2018-03-19
    • words: 826
    • flesch: 68
    • summary: The fact that this need was missed through our focus on User Centered Design points to a blind spot in that process. And yet, don’t get me wrong: Insofar as it’s the empirical study of select user groups and their expressed concerns and needs, User Centered Design as a design technique and foundational principle is crucially important and useful.
    • keywords: user
    • versions: original; plain text
42. ital-10339
    • author: Cyzyk, Mark
    • title: Information Technology and Libraries at 50: The 1960's in Review
    • date: 2018-03-19
    • words: 617
    • flesch: 52
    • summary: Some titles of this second volume point to the wide range of technological projects underway in the library world in 1969: mailto:mcyzyk@jhu.edu THE 1960S IN REVIEW | CYZYK 7 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v37i1.10339 • “An Automated Music Programmer (MUSPROG)” by David F. Harrison and Randolph J. Herber • “A Fast Algorithm for Automatic Classification” by R. T. Dattola • “Simon Fraser University Computer Produced Map Catalogue” by Brian Phillips and Gary Rogers • “Management Planning for Library Systems Development” by Fred L. Bellomy • “Performance of Ruecking’s Word-compression Method When Applied to Machine Retrieval from a Library Catalog” by Ben-Ami Lipetz, Peter Stangl, and Kathryn F. Taylor This situation will change in time, but it seems safe to assume that automated library systems will continue to be characterized by instability and change for the next several years.
    • keywords: library
    • versions: original; plain text
43. ital-10357
    • author: Ziegler, Scott; Shrake, Richard
    • title: PAL: Toward a Recommendation System for Manuscripts
    • date: 2018-09-26
    • words: 4567
    • flesch: 51
    • summary: Upon signing in, a registered user sees a list of links (figure 2); each link leads to a full-page view of collection recommendations (figure 3). Ms.Coll.200 - Miscellaneous Manuscripts Collection … </callnumber> <count>92</count> We use JavaScript to determine the call number of the user’s current request and display the list of other collections that users who have requested the current collection have also requested.
    • keywords: collection; recommendations; xsl
    • versions: original; plain text
44. ital-10386
    • author: Yelton, Andromeda
    • title: President's Message
    • date: 2018-03-19
    • words: 582
    • flesch: 54
    • summary: We also bring strong publications (like this very journal), marquee conference programs (like Top Tech Trends and the Imagineering panel), and a face-to-face conference. For instance, we’ve heard for years that you, LITA members, want more of a leadership training pathway, and more ways to stay involved with your LITA home as you move into management; alignment with LLAMA automatically opens up all kinds of possibilities.
    • keywords: lita
    • versions: original; plain text
45. ital-10388
    • author: Varnum, Kenneth J.
    • title: Letter from the Editor (March 2018)
    • date: 2018-03-19
    • words: 431
    • flesch: 56
    • summary: We seek to have an editorial board that represents the diversity of library technology practitioners, and particularly invite individuals from non-academic libraries and underrepresented demographic groups to apply. In an attempt to put today’s technology landscape in context, ITAL will publish a series of essays this year, each focusing on the highlights of a decade.
    • keywords: journal
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46. ital-10405
    • author: Thomchick, Richard; San Nicolas-Rocca, Tonia
    • title: Application Level Security in a Public Library: A Case Study
    • date: 2018-12-17
    • words: 5647
    • flesch: 29
    • summary: This report is intended to shed light on the state of HTTPS implementation in libraries, and to suggest ways in which libraries can evaluate and improve application security so that they can better protect the confidentiality of PII about library patrons. This report is intended to shed light on the state of HTTPS implementation in libraries, and to suggest ways in which libraries can evaluate and improve application security so that they can better protect the mailto:richardt@vmware.com mailto:tonia.sannicolas-rocca@sjsu.edu APPLICATION LEVEL SECURITY IN A PUBLIC LIBRARY |THOMCHICK AND SAN NICOLAS-ROCCA 108 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v37i4.10405 confidentiality of PII about library patrons.
    • keywords: https; information; libraries; library; patron; privacy; security
    • versions: original; plain text
47. ital-10407
    • author: Kucera, Ann
    • title: A Closer Look at User Centered Design
    • date: 2018-06-18
    • words: 362
    • flesch: 59
    • summary: User Centered Design is a set of tools to help us gather information about users and their needs. I would say your User Centered Design process is working quite well.
    • keywords: design
    • versions: original; plain text
48. ital-10432
    • author: Ullah, Irfan; Khusro, Shah; Ullah, Asim; Naeem, Muhammad
    • title: An Overview of the Current State of Linked and Open Data in Cataloging
    • date: 2018-12-17
    • words: 14765
    • flesch: 30
    • summary: Publishing Linked Bibliographic Metadata The University of Illinois Library worked on publishing MARC21 records of 30,000 digitized books as Linked Library Data by adding links, transforming them to LOD-friendly semantics (MODS) and deploying them as RDF with the objective to be used by a wider community.119 To them, using Semantic Web technologies, a book can be linked to related resources and multiple possible CURRENT STATE OF LINKED AND OPEN DATA IN CATALOGING | ULLAH, KHUSRO, ULLAH, AND NAEEM 60 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v37i4.10432 contexts, which is an opportunity for libraries to build innovative user-centered services for the dissemination and uses of bibliographic metadata.120 In this regard, the challenge is to utilize the existing book-related bibliographic maximally and descriptive metadata in a manner that parallels with the services (both inside the library and outside) as well as exploit to the fullest the full-text search and Semantic Web technologies, standards, and LOD services.121 While publishing the National Bibliographic Information as free open Linked Data, IFLA identifies several issues including:122 • dealing with the negative financial impact on the revenue generated from traditional metadata services; • the inability to offer consistent services due to the complexity of copyright and licensing frameworks; • the confusion in understanding the difference between “open” and “free” terms; • remodeling library data as Library Linked Data; • the limited persistence and sustainability of Linked Data resources; • the steep learning curve in understanding and applying Linked Data practices to library data; • making choices between sites to link to; and • creating persistent URIs for library data objects. These challenges include:129 • dealing with the bulky or non-available RDF dumps, no authority control within RDF dumps, and data format variations; • identifying terms’ specificity levels during concept matching; • the limited reusability of Library Linked Data due to lack of contextual data; • harmonizing classes and objects at the institution level; • excessive handcrafting due to few off-the-shelf visualization tools; • manual mapping of vocabularies; • matching, aligning, and disambiguating library and Linked Data; • the limited representation of several essential resources as Linked Data due to non- availability of URIs; • the lack of sufficient representative semantics for bibliographic data; • the time-consuming nature of Linked Data to understand its structure for reuse; • the ambiguity of terms across languages; and • the non-stability of endpoints and outdated datasets.
    • keywords: bibliographic metadata; cataloging; current; data; information; libraries; library; library data; library metadata; linked; metadata; open data; quality; vocabularies; web
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49. ital-10437
    • author: Searle, Sam
    • title: The Benefits of Enterprise Architecture for Library Technology Management: An Exploratory Case Study
    • date: 2018-12-17
    • words: 6933
    • flesch: 36
    • summary: In large organizations like universities, available enterprise systems can offer better functionality and more standardized ways of operating than library systems. The architects guided a group of librarians who use and support library systems through a process of mapping the types of data held against an existing list of enterprise data entities.
    • keywords: architecture; data; enterprise; information; library; management; systems; technology
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50. ital-10460
    • author: Farnel, Sharon
    • title: ITAL Editorial Board Thoughts: Events in the Life of ITAL
    • date: 2018-06-18
    • words: 988
    • flesch: 52
    • summary: The Event Data used for this analysis can be found at https://bit.ly/2KgDJcM. 1 Madeleine Watson, “Event Data: open for your interpretation,” Crossref Blog, February 25, 2016, https://www.crossref.org/blog/event-data-open-for-your-interpretation/. 2 Crossref, Event Data User Guide, https://www.eventdata.crossref.org/guide/. 3 OpenRefine, http://openrefine.org/. 4 Jay Sing, Navjit Brar and Carmen Fong, “The State of RFID Applications in Libraries,” Information Technology and Libraries 25 no. 1, 2006, https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v25i1.3326. Discovering User Expectations through Failure Analysis,” Information Technology and Libraries 35, no. 3, 2016, https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v35i3.9190. https://bit.ly/2KgDJcM https://www.crossref.org/blog/event-data-open-for-your-interpretation/ https://www.eventdata.crossref.org/guide/ http://openrefine.org/ https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v25i1.3326 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v6i1.5760 https://www.lens.org/ https://twitter.com/aarontay https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v35i3.9190 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND LIBRARIES | JUNE 2018 6 10 Shayna Pekala, “Privacy and User Experience in 21st Century Library Discovery,” Information Technology and Libraries 36, no. 2, 2017, https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v36i2.9817. 11 Mia Massicotte and Kathleen Botter, “Reference Rot in the Repository: A Case Study of Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) in an Academic Library,” Information Technology and Libraries 36, no. 1, 2017, https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v36i1.9598. https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v36i2.9817 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v36i1.9598 References
    • keywords: data; events
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51. ital-10493
    • author: Yelton, Andromeda
    • title: President's Message
    • date: 2018-06-18
    • words: 474
    • flesch: 71
    • summary: In my second column, I talked about conferences where we come together today — LITA Forum 2017 and 2018 — and encounter the issues of today — Data for Black Lives. Early LITA hackers cobbling together the technologies of their age to make streamlined, inventive library services — just as LITA members do today.
    • keywords: lita
    • versions: original; plain text
52. ital-10494
    • author: Shores, Sandra J
    • title: Information Technology and Libraries at 50: The 1970s in Review
    • date: 2018-06-18
    • words: 1172
    • flesch: 39
    • summary: Early concerns in the decade focused on the rising costs of library services alongside the high price of computing. William Mathews provides an excellent article to read in anticipation of library technologies in the 1980s.
    • keywords: automation; library
    • versions: original; plain text
53. ital-10571
    • author: Varnum, Kenneth J.
    • title: Letter from the Editor (June 2018)
    • date: 2018-06-18
    • words: 567
    • flesch: 61
    • summary: Letter from the Editor Kenneth J. Varnum INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND LIBRARIES | JUNE 2018 1 In this June 2018 issue, we continue our celebration of ITAL’s 50th year with a summary by Editorial Board member Sandra Shores of the articles published in the 1970s, the journal’s first full decade of publication. • Kevin Ford (Art Institute of Chicago) • Cinthya Ippoliti (Oklahoma State University) • Ida Joiner (Independent Consultant) • Breanne Kirsch (University of South Carolina Upstate) • Michael Sauers (Do Space, Omaha, Nebraska)
    • keywords: university
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54. ital-10574
    • author: Bengtson, Jason Alden; Coleman, Jason
    • title: Taking the Long Way Around: Improving the Display of HathiTrust Records in Primo
    • date: 2019-03-18
    • words: 5502
    • flesch: 48
    • summary: Another problem with the “soft negative” was the fact that it asked users to click on the View-it tab, when many users simply chose to ignore the tabs and links in the search results, instead clicking on the article title, as found in a usability study on Primo conducted by the University of Houston Libraries.11 It is also worth noting the one survey respondent who is apparently not seeing an improvement in HathiTrust accuracy. As a result of these limitations, PNX records do not currently have a provision for harvesting and transferring rights information about HathiTrust holdings that the Kansas State University (KSU) Library system indexes through Primo.
    • keywords: hathigenius; hathitrust; libraries; library; primo; state
    • versions: original; plain text
55. ital-10592
    • author: Mckee, Gabriel
    • title: The Map as a Search Box: Using Linked Data to Create a Geographic Discovery System
    • date: 2019-03-18
    • words: 6415
    • flesch: 37
    • summary: Prior to this change in Pleiades, both URIs were applied to MARC records for items held by the ISAW Library, under the heading “Aegyptus.” From a linked-data standpoint, there is no real problem here: the URIs still link to resources describing different historical places called “Egypt,” including the coordinate data needed for ISAW’s collection maps. We quickly began looking for ways to automate the process of geolocation, and soon settled on using data from Pleiades to increase the efficiency of creating each map.25 We set our sights on MARC field 651 (Subject Added Entry-Geographic Name)
    • keywords: data; geographic; library; map; marc; pleiades; records; uris
    • versions: original; plain text
56. ital-10596
    • author: Hoover, Jasmine
    • title: Gaps in IT and Library Services at Small Academic Libraries in Canada
    • date: 2018-12-17
    • words: 4507
    • flesch: 46
    • summary: Common suggestions included library IT staff, having an IT help desk in the library, or a specific person in IT they could contact directly for help or who had shared responsibilities between IT and the library. Library staff deal with technology issues that come up daily, with several non-IT library staff members troubleshooting and solving various issues that arise.
    • keywords: academic; libraries; library; services; technology
    • versions: original; plain text
57. ital-10599
    • author: Tešendić, Danijela; Boberić Krstićev, Danijela
    • title: Business Intelligence in the Service of Libraries
    • date: 2019-12-16
    • words: 5438
    • flesch: 44
    • summary: Data warehouses are used as support for making business decisions.11 The data sources for a data warehouse can be diverse and may include transactional databases and different file formats. A similar approach has been used by Yang and Shieh, who started from the reports needed by public libraries in Taiwan and through an iterative methodological approach modeled a data warehouse that meets all their reporting requirements.15 Unlike the previously described articles where a demand-driven approach was used, we applied a hybrid approach to modeling data warehouse.
    • keywords: data; library; model; reports; warehouse
    • versions: original; plain text
58. ital-10603
    • author: Guo, Jin Xiu
    • title: Measuring Information System Project Success through a Software-Assisted Qualitative Content Analysis
    • date: 2019-03-18
    • words: 5826
    • flesch: 34
    • summary: More companies have conducted their innovation to gain business advantages through IS projects. However, the implementation of IS projects has not been successful as practitioners hoped.
    • keywords: data; management; manager; process; project; project success; success
    • versions: original; plain text
59. ital-10604
    • author: Lewis, Colby Lil
    • title: The Open Access Citation Advantage: Does It Exist and What Does It Mean for Libraries?
    • date: 2018-09-26
    • words: 6513
    • flesch: 47
    • summary: In a more recent study published in February 2018, Piwowar et al. examine the prevalence of OA and average relative citation (ARC) based on three sample groups of one hundred thousand articles each: “(1) all journal articles assigned a Crossref DOI, (2) recent journal articles indexed in Web of Science, and (3) articles viewed by users of Unpaywall, an open-source browser extension that lets users find OA articles using oaDOI.”16 Unlike the 1science study, Piwowar et al. had a twofold purpose: to examine the prevalence of OA articles available on the web and whether an OACA exists based on their sample findings.
    • keywords: access; articles; oaca; open
    • versions: original; plain text
60. ital-10702
    • author: Dougan, Kirstin
    • title: The “Black Box”: How Students Use a Single Search Box to Search for Music Materials
    • date: 2018-12-17
    • words: 10143
    • flesch: 53
    • summary: Many students exhibited persistence in their searching, but the selection of search terms, sometimes compounded by spelling problems or problems in search string structure, likely did not yield the most relevant results.3 Asher, Duke, and Wilson state in their study comparing student search strategies and success across a variety of library search tools and Google that there were “strong patterns in the way students approached searches no matter which tool they used. . . . “One lesson is that library search is about more than articles and the catalog.
    • keywords: box; information; library; mpal; music; number; patrons; search; searches; searching; subject; use
    • versions: original; plain text
61. ital-10703
    • author: Kim, Bohyun
    • title: President’s Message: Rebuilding Our Identity, Together
    • date: 2018-09-26
    • words: 1352
    • flesch: 46
    • summary: At the 2018 ALA Annual Conference in New Orleans, the three Boards of LITA, ALCTS, and LLAMA held a joint meeting open to members and non-members alike to solicit and share our collective thoughts, suggestions, concerns, and hopes about the potential three-division realignment. It is my pleasure to write this column to update all of you about the exciting discussion that is currently underway in LITA and two other ALA divisions, ALCTS (Association for Library Collections and Technical Services), and LLAMA (Library Leadership and Management Association).
    • keywords: division; lita
    • versions: original; plain text
62. ital-10714
    • author: Ding, Yi
    • title: Is Creative Commons a Panacea for Managing Digital Humanities Intellectual Property Rights?
    • date: 2019-09-15
    • words: 6950
    • flesch: 22
    • summary: A plan by Yahoo to begin selling prints of images uploaded to Flickr was met with anger by users, even though Yahoo only used photos with Creative Commons licenses that explicitly allowed commercial uses. 20 Phil Clapham, “Are Creative Commons Licenses Overly Permissive?
    • keywords: cc licenses; commons; copyright; creative; creative commons; digital; licenses
    • versions: original; plain text
63. ital-10738
    • author: Costello, Eamon; Bolger, Richard; Soverino, Tiziana; Brown, Mark
    • title: Determining Textbook Cost, Formats, and Licensing with Google Books API: A Case Study from an Open Textbook Project
    • date: 2019-03-18
    • words: 2910
    • flesch: 55
    • summary: Digital Formats and Public Domain License Figure 4 shows the numbers of PDF (1,219) and e-book (1,016) versions of books reported to be available. However, there is little known about the monetary face value of books that students are expected to buy, beyond studies based on self-reported data.
    • keywords: books; google; open; textbooks
    • versions: original; plain text
64. ital-10746
    • author: Joiner, Ida Arlene
    • title: Getting to Yes: Stakeholder Buy-In for Implementing Emerging Technologies in Your Library
    • date: 2018-09-26
    • words: 1008
    • flesch: 64
    • summary: I am very passionate about emerging technologies, how they are and will be used in libraries/ resource centers, and how librarians will be able to assist those who will be affected by these technologies. I recently published a book introducing emerging technologies in libraries.
    • keywords: technology
    • versions: original; plain text
65. ital-10747
    • author: Varnum, Kenneth J.
    • title: Letter from the Editor (September 2018)
    • date: 2018-09-26
    • words: 267
    • flesch: 51
    • summary: In addition to peer-reviewed articles on recommender systems, big data processing and storage, finding vendor accessibility documentation, using GIS to find specific books on a shelf, and a recommender system for archival manuscripts, we are also publishing the student paper by this year’s Ex Libris/LITA Student Writing Award, “The Open Access Citation Advantage: Does It Exist and What Does It Mean for Libraries?”, by Colby Lewis at the University of Michigan School of Information. Letter from the Editor Kenneth J. Varnum INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND LIBRARIES | SEPTEMBER 2018 1 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v37i3.10747 This September 2018 issue of ITAL continues our celebration of the journal’s 50 th anniversary with a column by former Editorial Board member Mark Dehmlow, who highlights the technological changes beginning to stir the library world in the 1980s.
    • keywords: editor
    • versions: original; plain text
66. ital-10749
    • author: Dehmlow, Mark
    • title: Information Technology and Libraries at 50: The 1980s in Review
    • date: 2018-09-26
    • words: 1902
    • flesch: 43
    • summary: The 1980s volumes of ITAL traversed a plethora of topics ranging from measuring system THE 1980S IN REVIEW | DEHMLOW 9 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v37i3.10749 performance (efficiency was important during a time when computing was relativ ely slow and expensive) to how to use library systems to provide data that can be used to make business decisions. The decade nicely traces the first two generations of library systems, starting with university-developed automation and database backed systems and the migration of many of those systems to vendors.
    • keywords: libraries; library; technology
    • versions: original; plain text
67. ital-10810
    • author: Ippoliti, Cinthya
    • title: Critical Technology
    • date: 2018-12-17
    • words: 1868
    • flesch: 41
    • summary: An approach in this instance might involve taking technology outside of library spaces such as on campus or within the community, offering as much for free as possible, and capitalizing on programs such as Girls Who Code (https://girlswhocode.com/) and Grow with Google (https://grow.google/). They suggest taking action by thinking about user privacy and ensuring that the information libraries are able to view, gather, and store is used ethically and that decisions for derivative services or actions are not made based on assumptions about gender identity, economic status, or other identifiers via access to these types of data.
    • keywords: design; technology; users
    • versions: original; plain text
68. ital-10821
    • author: Bowers, Steven K.
    • title: Information Technology and Libraries at 50: The 1990s in Review
    • date: 2018-12-17
    • words: 2851
    • flesch: 47
    • summary: Halcyon Enssle’s piece on moving reserves to online access opened with a great summary of where much of library access was headed: “The virtual library, libraries without walls, the invisible user . . . New network connectivity combined with new hardware led to new formats for library resources, specifically digital and electronic resources.
    • keywords: information; libraries; library; technology
    • versions: original; plain text
69. ital-10822
    • author: Rubel, Dejah
    • title: No Need to Ask
    • date: 2019-06-17
    • words: 5664
    • flesch: 49
    • summary: Generating and Managing Public and Private Keys All distributed ledger participants will need a public key or address for blocks of transactions to be sent to them and a private key for digital signatures. NO NEED TO ASK | RUBEL 8 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v38i2.10822 Bitcoin also includes a mechanism to ensure the average number of blocks solved per hour remains constant.
    • keywords: block; blockchain; hash; metadata; nodes; record
    • versions: original; plain text
70. ital-10844
    • author: Rennick, Brian
    • title: Library Services Navigation: Improving the Online User Experience
    • date: 2019-03-18
    • words: 4070
    • flesch: 46
    • summary: Where do services belong in a library website’s information architecture? Determining the one correct path is not easy because there are multiple valid ways to organize services into web pages.
    • keywords: information; library; search; services; web
    • versions: original; plain text
71. ital-10850
    • author: Kim, Bohyun
    • title: President’s Message: Imagination and Structure in Times of Change
    • date: 2018-12-17
    • words: 1535
    • flesch: 50
    • summary: LITA and two other divisions have many talented and capable members who will be happy to lend a hand in developing new logistics. The Communications Working Group continues to engage members of all three divisions by sharing new updates and soliciting opinions and suggestions.
    • keywords: division; new
    • versions: original; plain text
72. ital-10852
    • author: Varnum, Kenneth J.
    • title: Letter from the Editor (December 2018)
    • date: 2018-12-17
    • words: 402
    • flesch: 55
    • summary: • Virtual and augmented reality • Artificial intelligence • Big data • Internet of things • 3-D printing and makerspaces • Robotics • Drones • Geographic information systems and mapping • Diversity, equity, and inclusion and technology • Privacy and cyber-security • Library analytics and data-driven services • Anything else related to public libraries and innovations in technology Columns will be in the 1,000-1,500 word range and may include illustrations. These will not be research articles, but are meant to share practical experience with technology development or uses within the library.
    • keywords: technology
    • versions: original; plain text
73. ital-10875
    • author: Lund, Brady
    • title: 50 Years of ITAL/JLA
    • date: 2019-06-17
    • words: 7523
    • flesch: 36
    • summary: 1968-77 2008-18 1 Library Science—Technology Information Science 2 Information Science Library Science—Technology 3 Library Science—Cataloging Information Systems 4 Library Science—General Computer Science 5 Computer Science Library Science—Cataloging 6 Government Instructional Design 7 Corporate Library Science—Accessibility 8 Library Science—Academic Library Science—Academic 9 Information Systems Library Science—Reference 10 Library Science—Special Library Science—Administration 11 Management Psychology 12 Linguistics Government 13 Electrical Engineering Library Science—General 14 Library Science—Medical Education 15 Popular Popular 16 Library Science—Accessibility Linguistics 26 Library Science—School Physics 27 Philosophy Health Science INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND LIBRARIES | JUNE 2019 31 1968-77 2008-18 28 Library Science—Administration Geography
    • keywords: information; information science; ital; journal; libraries; library; library science; science; technology
    • versions: original; plain text
74. ital-10886
    • author: van Veen, Theo
    • title: Wikidata
    • date: 2019-06-17
    • words: 3569
    • flesch: 46
    • summary: • Wikidata identifiers can be used for federated search based on properties in Wikidata, so there is less need to know how to access properties in other resource descriptions. • Wikidata identifiers facilitate generating “just in case” links to systems having the Wikidata identifier indexed.
    • keywords: entity; identifier; information; wikidata
    • versions: original; plain text
75. ital-10921
    • author: Ozeran, Megan; Martin, Piper
    • title: “Good Night, Good Day, Good Luck”
    • date: 2019-06-17
    • words: 4715
    • flesch: 46
    • summary: Topic 1 includes the following phrases: “interlibrary loan, lose chat, chat service, lower level, chat open, writer workshop, spring break, study room, call UGL, add chat.” Articles “Good Night, Good Day, Good Luck”: Applying Topic Modeling to Chat Reference Transcripts Megan Ozeran and Piper Martin INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
    • keywords: chat; good; lda; library; reference; topic; words
    • versions: original; plain text
76. ital-10973
    • author: San Nicolas-Rocca, Tonia; Burkhard, Richard J
    • title: Information Security in Libraries
    • date: 2019-06-17
    • words: 5671
    • flesch: 27
    • summary: The American Library Association (ALA) affirms the ethical imperative to provide unrestricted access to information and to guard against impediments to open inquiry.2 Further, in all areas of librarianship, best practice leaves the library user in control of as many choices as possible.3 In a library, the right to privacy is the right to open inquiry without having the subject of one’s interest examined or scrutinized by others.4 Many library resources require the use of a library card. In response, the ALA developed a policy concerning the confidentiality of PII about library users.5 Confidentiality extends to “information sought or received and resources consulted, borrowed, acquired or transmitted,” and includes, but is not limited to, database search records, reference interviews, circulation records, interlibrary loan records, and other personally identifiable uses of library materials, facilities, or services.6 In more recent years, the ALA has further specified that the right of patrons to privacy applies to any information that can link “choices of taste, interest, or research with an individual.”7
    • keywords: cybersecurity; information; knowledge; library; security
    • versions: original; plain text
77. ital-10974
    • author: Finley, Thomas K
    • title: The Democratization of Artificial Intelligence: One Library’s Approach
    • date: 2019-03-18
    • words: 2202
    • flesch: 52
    • summary: Search engine companies like Google have been using AI to suggest or produce results faster for longer than anyone outside of the company really knew until recently.2 According to a recent study by Northeastern University and Gallup, 85% of Americans are already using AI products.3 The true revelation behind these recent technological developments may not be the fact that AI is already embedded into the fabric of our modern lives. As Google’s former Chief Scientist of AI and Machine Learning, Fei-Fei Li, said in 2017, “The next step for AI must be democratization, lowering the barriers of entry, and making it available to the largest possible community of developers, users and enterprises.
    • keywords: artificial; intelligence; kits
    • versions: original; plain text
78. ital-10977
    • author: Conrad, Suzanna; Stevens, Christy
    • title: “Am I on the library website?”
    • date: 2019-09-15
    • words: 13423
    • flesch: 53
    • summary: If research guides are more clearly aligned with specific research assignments in specific courses , and if faculty members instruct their students to consult library research guides and integrate LibGuides and other library resources into learning management systems, perhaps use and return on investment would improve. Search terms students chose were far too general for them to complete the task successfully.
    • keywords: libguides; library; research; search; students; task; testing; usability; version; website
    • versions: original; plain text
79. ital-10979
    • author: Ford, Kevin M
    • title: Who Will Use This and Why? User Stories and Use Cases
    • date: 2019-03-18
    • words: 1287
    • flesch: 64
    • summary: Not because I didn’t believe in user stories and use cases – quite the contrary, I’ve always believed in the importance and utility of them – but because of a book I was assigned during graduate coursework for my LIS degree and my initial reaction. Yes, the driver coming up to the stop sign on my right is going to stop, but I take my foot off the gas and position it over the brake just in case.
    • keywords: use; user
    • versions: original; plain text
80. ital-10980
    • author: Kim, Bohyun
    • title: LITA President’s Message: Updates from the 2019 ALA Midwinter Meeting
    • date: 2019-03-18
    • words: 1441
    • flesch: 42
    • summary: First, as many of you know, the potential merger of LITA with ALCTS and LLAMA has been temporarily put on hold, due to an initial timeline that was rather ambitious and the lack of time required to deliberate on and resolve some issues in the transition plan to meet that timeline.1 These updates were also shared at the LITA Town Hall during the Midwinter Meeting, where many LITA members spent time discussing topics such as the draft mission and vision statements for the new division, what makes people feel at home in a division, in which areas LITA should re- double its focus, and which activities LITA may be able to set aside without losing its identity. It was also pointed out that the virtual format may provide an opportunity for LITA to experiment with different and more unconventional conference program formats, which could be a welcoming change to LITA members.
    • keywords: forum; lita
    • versions: original; plain text
81. ital-10992
    • author: Varnum, Kenneth J.
    • title: Letter from the Editor (March 2019)
    • date: 2019-03-18
    • words: 336
    • flesch: 41
    • summary: Articles in this issue cover the topics: improving sitewide navigation; improving the display of HathiTrust records in Primo; using linked data to create a geographic discovery system; measuring information system project success; a systematic approach towards web preservation; and determining textbook cost, formats and licensing. The first column, “The Democratization of Artificial Intelligence: One Library’s Approach,” by Thomas Finley of the Frisco (Texas) Public Library, discusses how his library has developed a teaching and technology lending program around artificial intelligence, creating kits that community members can take home and use to explore artificial intelligence through a practical, hands-on, approach.
    • keywords: technology
    • versions: original; plain text
82. ital-11007
    • author: Sanchez, Lotta; DeLooper, John P
    • title: Creating and Deploying USB Port Covers at Hudson County Community College
    • date: 2019-09-15
    • words: 3146
    • flesch: 47
    • summary: During this meeting, the idea of finding port covers for the dongles arose, and one of the library’s technology associates suggested using the library’s 3D printer to create a cover that inserts into one Type A USB port and would cover the dongle in the adjacent slot. A Thingiverse search found several varieties of port covers, but each was designed solely to occupy a port in order to prevent dust or corrosion, not to cover or hide dongles or other peripherals.
    • keywords: covers; library; port; technology
    • versions: original; plain text
83. ital-11009
    • author: Schultz, Teresa Auch; Azadbakht, Elena; Bull, Jonathan; Bucy, Rosalind; Floyd, Jeremy
    • title: Assessing the Effectiveness of Open Access Finding Tools
    • date: 2019-09-15
    • words: 3870
    • flesch: 43
    • summary: Emery used the tool as the first step to identify OA article versions and then searched individual institutional repositories, followed by Google Scholar as the final steps.20 Emery found that 22 percent of the study sample was available as green OA but did not say what portion of that was found by the Open Access Button. The open access (OA) movement seeks to ensure that scholarly knowledge is available to anyone with internet access, but being available for free online is of little use if people cannot find open versions.
    • keywords: access; open; scholar; tools
    • versions: original; plain text
84. ital-11015
    • author: McDonald, Courtney; Burkhardt, Heidi
    • title: Library-Authored Web Content and the Need for Content Strategy
    • date: 2019-09-15
    • words: 6432
    • flesch: 37
    • summary: Today, however, information is available to more people in more forms and through more channels than ever before, making content strategies a necessity for organizations rather than an afterthought.48 Jones and Farrington posited a common refrain for stating the importance of content strategy for librarianship: “Library website content must be viewed in much the same way as a physical collection” and the “library website, to apply S. R. Ranganathan’s Fifth Law, is a growing organism and must be treated as such, especially with the complexity of web content.”49 LIBRARY-AUTHORED WEB CONTENT AND THE NEED FOR CONTENT STRATEGY | MCDONALD AND BURKHARDT 17 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v38i3.11015 In order for libraries to meet the ever-increasing demands on our resources to produce timely, user-centered content that advances our missions for supporting teaching, research, and learning, a cultural shift toward a more collective, collaborative model of web content management and governance is necessary.
    • keywords: content; content management; content strategy; library; management; strategy; web; web content
    • versions: original; plain text
85. ital-11018
    • author: Han, Sharon
    • title: Weathering the Twitter Storm
    • date: 2019-06-17
    • words: 4866
    • flesch: 32
    • summary: This paper explores the role of social media and its impact on public library services in response to Hurricane Sandy as a measure of libraries using digital mediums to support their communities. In addition to assessing damages to buildings and collections, libraries must also meet the needs of its community.
    • keywords: disaster; information; libraries; library; media; social
    • versions: original; plain text
86. ital-11075
    • author: Cook, Matt ; Lischer-Katz, Zack; Hall, Nathan; Hardesty, Juliet; Johnson, Jennifer; McDonald, Robert; Carlisle, Tara
    • title: Challenges and Strategies for Educational Virtual Reality
    • date: 2019-12-16
    • words: 12723
    • flesch: 29
    • summary: Academic libraries are increasingly adopting VR technology for a variety of research and teaching purposes, which include providing enhanced access to digital collections, offering new research tools, and constructing new immersive learning environments for students. Participants from the University of Oklahoma discussed their work hosting multi-campus VR walkthroughs of 3D scans of historic sites (e.g., the arches of Palmyra, Syria), which offered an evocative example of how libraries can simultaneously provide access to technology, create and curate collections of scholarly 3D-scan data, and present expert- led events.46 This shows how libraries hosting VR technologies can both be technological and intellectual partners in presenting 3D content to library patrons.
    • keywords: academic; challenges; content; forum; institutions; libraries; library; participants; public; reality; research; technology; virtual; virtual reality
    • versions: original; plain text
87. ital-11077
    • author: Ibacache, Kathia
    • title: Use of Language-Learning Apps as a Tool for Foreign Language Acquisition by Academic Libraries Employees
    • date: 2019-09-15
    • words: 4307
    • flesch: 41
    • summary: This finding reveals that foreign language plays a significant role in academic library work. Since the respondents fulfilled different responsibilities at their library work, one may deduce that foreign language is utilized in a variety of settings other than strictly desk tasks.
    • keywords: apps; foreign; language; learning; respondents
    • versions: original; plain text
88. ital-11091
    • author: Ippoliti, Cinthya
    • title: Digital Faculty Development
    • date: 2019-06-17
    • words: 1160
    • flesch: 33
    • summary: Finally, in a recent posting on the Open Oregon blog, Silvia Lin Hanick and Amy Hofer discuss how open pedagogy can also influence how librarians interact with faculty and students. IPPOLITI 6 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v38i2.11091 bringing students together in a similar fashion even if they are not teaching exclusively online, but especially if they are.5 Open pedagogy can accomplish this in a variety of ways.
    • keywords: development; faculty
    • versions: original; plain text
89. ital-11093
    • author: Kim, Bohyun
    • title: Moving Forward with LITA
    • date: 2019-06-17
    • words: 1238
    • flesch: 43
    • summary: 20190615 11093 galley LITA President’s Message Moving Forward with LITA Bohyun Kim INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND LIBRARIES | JUNE 2019 2 Bohyun Kim (bohyun.kim.ois@gmail.com) is LITA President 2018-19 and Chief Technology Officer & Associate Professor, University of Rhode Island Libraries, Kingston, RI. First of all, I am excited to report that the merger planning of LITA, ALCTS, and LLAMA is back on track.
    • keywords: alcts; lita
    • versions: original; plain text
90. ital-11101
    • author: Wittmann, Rachel; Neatrour, Anna; Cummings, Rebekah; Myntti, Jeremy
    • title: From Digital Library to Open Datasets
    • date: 2019-12-16
    • words: 5588
    • flesch: 31
    • summary: Always Already Computational and the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation’s Collections as Data: Part to Whole seek to address this problem by setting standards and best practices for turning digital collections into datasets amenable to computational use and novel research methods.6 The University of Utah J. Willard Marriott Library has a long-running digital library program and a burgeoning digital scholarship center creating a moment of synergy for librarians in digital collections and digital scholarship to explore collaboration in teaching, outreach, and digital collection development. “Collections as data” is a growing movement to extend the research value of digital collections beyond traditional use and to give researchers more flexible access to our collections by facilitating access to the underlying data, thereby enabling digital humanities research.1 Collections as data is predicated upon the convergence of two scholarly trends happening in parallel over the past several decades.2 First, as mentioned above, librarians and archivists have digitized a significant portion of their special collections, giving access to unique material that researchers previously had to travel across the country or globe to study.
    • keywords: collections; data; digital; digital library; humanities; library; metadata; utah
    • versions: original; plain text
91. ital-11141
    • author: Davis, Jeffrey
    • title: Online Ticketed-Passes
    • date: 2019-06-17
    • words: 1622
    • flesch: 46
    • summary: As the New York Daily News wrote in their lede: “It’s hard to believe nobody thought of it sooner: A New York City library card can now get you into 33 museums free.” Libraries had thought of it sooner, of course. Museum pass programs in libraries began at least as early as 1995 at Boston Public Library and the online ticketed model in 2011 at Contra Costa (CA) County Library.
    • keywords: libraries; library; pass
    • versions: original; plain text
92. ital-11169
    • author: Lierman, Ashley; Scott, Bethany; Warren, Mea; Turner, Cherie
    • title: Testing for Transition
    • date: 2019-12-16
    • words: 9320
    • flesch: 59
    • summary: Face-to-Face Testing: Subject Guides In subject guide testing, we found overwhelmingly that users both valued and made use of link and box descriptions within guides, using them throughout the navigation process as sources of additional information. These findings support those of many prior authors regarding the importance of including clear descriptions with key words that users readily understand.20 Many of our results from subject guide testing not only ran counter to our expectations, but challenged the assumptions on which we had based our questioning.
    • keywords: face; guides; information; research; resources; tasks; testing; users
    • versions: original; plain text
93. ital-11241
    • author: Varnum, Kenneth J.
    • title: Letter from the Editor (June 2019)
    • date: 2019-06-17
    • words: 481
    • flesch: 46
    • summary: • “Information Security in Libraries: Examining the Effects of Knowledge Transfer,” by Tonia San Nicolas-Rocca and Richard J Burkhard, investigating the importance of knowledge transfer across an organization to enhance information security behaviors. Our helpful and supportive partners at Boston College, where Information Technologies and Libraries is archived, have updated the journal’s content management system to the current version of Open Journal Systems.
    • keywords: libraries
    • versions: original; plain text
94. ital-11251
    • author: Bauder, Julia
    • title: HathiTrust as a Data Source for Researching Early Nineteenth-Century Library Collections
    • date: 2019-12-16
    • words: 4798
    • flesch: 52
    • summary: BAUDER 15 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v38i4.11251 popular and/or widely available until well after their official publication date, and that some prolific authors who contributed hundreds of thousands of words to the Google Books corpus were never as widely purchased and read as authors who wrote a single, short, best-selling work.3 Although using books held by a set of libraries at a given time as the corpus has its own problems of unrepresentativeness—particularly, for long-established libraries, the fact that the books on the shelf at a given time represent not only works of interest to current users but also those of interest to users from decades past—triangulating this data with that provided by the Google Books Ngram data would at least give some sense of whether and where these different corpora disagree.4 Creating corpora using books that are known to have been owned by a given library at a given point in time is potentially feasible because digitized records of the books in several hundred nineteenth-century library collections are available in the form of scanned book catalogs: a book or pamphlet listing all of the books available in a particular library. By the end of the nineteenth century, book catalogs had largely been replaced by the card catalog system that remained in use through most of the twentieth century.
    • keywords: books; catalogs; company; library; library company
    • versions: original; plain text
95. ital-11273
    • author: Kovalcik, Justin; Villalobos, Mike
    • title: Automated Storage & Retrieval System
    • date: 2019-12-16
    • words: 5730
    • flesch: 49
    • summary: Divided into two phases, the server software upgrade was completed in May 2017 followed by the hardware upgrade in January 2019.8 LITERATURE REVIEW The continued growth of student, faculty, and academic programs along with evolving expectations and needs since the late 1980s has required the library to analyze library services and examine the building’s physical space and storage capacity. In addition to management activities like weeding, other solutions such as offsite storage and compact shelving rose in popularity as a method to create library space in the absence o
    • keywords: items; library; materials; retrieval; storage; system
    • versions: original; plain text
96. ital-11369
    • author: Frost, Megan; Goates, Michael C; Cheng, Sarah; Johnston, Jed
    • title: Virtual Reality
    • date: 2020-03-16
    • words: 3669
    • flesch: 41
    • summary: In order to do this effectively, our first objective is to determine which VR services will be of most benefit to our patrons. This survey is also intended to help other libraries that are developing VR services and potentially developers INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
    • keywords: libraries; library; reality; virtual
    • versions: original; plain text
97. ital-11519
    • author: Sherriff, Graham; DeSanto, Dan; Benson, Daisy; Atwood, Gary S.
    • title: Meeting Users Where They Are
    • date: 2020-03-16
    • words: 4028
    • flesch: 50
    • summary: MEETING USERS WHERE THEY ARE | SHERRIFF, DESANTO, BENSON, AND ATWOOD 4 The Educational Services Working Group quickly determined that library content included in the portal should be designed to conform with the principle of priority-based selectivity employed across the portal as a whole. Wireframe for library content.
    • keywords: campus; content; libraries; library; portal
    • versions: original; plain text
98. ital-11571
    • author: Lamanna, Thomas
    • title: On Educating Patrons On Privacy And Maximizing Library Resources
    • date: 2019-09-15
    • words: 1800
    • flesch: 46
    • summary: The list of services libraries provide is extensive and comprehensive, although unfortunately, there are significant gaps in what our services can offer, particularly those regarding technology advancement and patron privacy. Therefore, all library staff should both understand the fundamental reasons behind library privacy policies and be trained in maintaining them.
    • keywords: libraries; library
    • versions: original; plain text
99. ital-11577
    • author: Yang, Wenfan; Zhao, Bin; Liu, Yan Quan; Bielefield, Arlene
    • title: Are Ivy League Libraries’ Websites ADA Compliant?
    • date: 2020-06-11
    • words: 5713
    • flesch: 54
    • summary: 8 While quite a few research studies focus on library website accessibility rather than the university websites, the conclusions diverge. Students with low vision found many of the pages hard to use even though they were validated.15 Outcomes of all the research revealed that most university library websites have developed a policy on website accessibility, but the policies of most universities had deficiencies.16 Library staff INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
    • keywords: homepages; ivy; june; league; library; university
    • versions: original; plain text
100. ital-11581
     • author: Jaffy, Marc
     • title: Bento Box User Experience Study at Franklin University
     • date: 2020-03-16
     • words: 6875
     • flesch: 61
     • summary: BENTO BOX USER EXPERIENCE STUDY AT FRANKLIN UNIVERSITY | JAFFY 16 Please answer the following questions about your experience and preferences when searching for information on library websites: 1) Which library’s search did you prefer: a) Franklin University Library b) Wayne State University Library 2) Why did you prefer the type of search you picked in the answer to question 1? 3) For Franklin University’s search results: a) ”10 Figure 2, the University of Michigan’s bento-box results page, illustrates how a bento box provides search results from a variety of resources in visually discrete boxes.
     • keywords: bento; box; library; search; university
     • versions: original; plain text
101. ital-11585
     • author: Wetherington, Corey; Wagner, Scott
     • title: A Comprehensive Approach to Algorithmic Machine Sorting of Library of Congress Call Numbers
     • date: 2019-12-16
     • words: 6254
     • flesch: 46
     • summary: Furthermore, the lack of uniformity or regularity in the format of call number strings poses various practical obstacles for machine sorting. This paper details an approach for accurately machine sorting Library of Congress (LC) call numbers which improves considerably upon other methods reviewed.
     • keywords: classification; cutter; library; numbers; sorting; string
     • versions: original; plain text
102. ital-11607
     • author: Blessinger, Kelly; Comeaux, David
     • title: User Experience with a New Public Interface for an Integrated Library System
     • date: 2020-03-16
     • words: 8550
     • flesch: 54
     • summary: This program gives library users the option of completing user testing in lieu of some or all of their library fines (up to $10 per user test). The user tests highlighted how many problems LSU library users are having signing on to the system to utilize the user-enablement tools.
     • keywords: catalog; information; interface; library; new; participants; search; user
     • versions: original; plain text
103. ital-11627
     • author: Morton-Owens, Emily
     • title: Sustaining LITA
     • date: 2019-09-15
     • words: 1102
     • flesch: 45
     • summary: At the ALA level, the Steering Committee on Organizational Effectiveness (SCOE) is also looking at ways to streamline the association’s structure and make it more approachable and welcoming to new members. The staff will also be freed up to invest more effort in member engagement.
     • keywords: future; lita
     • versions: original; plain text
104. ital-11631
     • author: Varnum, Kenneth J.
     • title: Letter from the Editor (September 2019)
     • date: 2019-09-15
     • words: 382
     • flesch: 37
     • summary: • Jon Goddard (North Shore Public Library) • Soo-yeon Hwang (Sam Houston State University) • Holli Kubly (Syracuse University) • Brady Lund (Emporia State University) • Paul Swanson (Minitex)
     • keywords: library
     • versions: original; plain text
105. ital-11723
     • author: Sample, Angela
     • title: Using Augmented and Virtual Reality in Information Literacy Instruction to Reduce Library Anxiety in Nontraditional and International Students
     • date: 2020-03-16
     • words: 9928
     • flesch: 45
     • summary: In her work, Kuhlthau identified six stages of information seeking in INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND LIBRARIES MARCH 2020 USING AUGMENTED AND VIRTUAL REALITY IN INFORMATION LITERACY INSTRUCTION | SAMPLE 3 which students may experience library anxiety: task initiation, topic selection, prefocus exploration, focus formulation, information collection, and search closure.13 In Blundell’s presentation of her theoretical model of the academic information search process (AISP) of undergraduate Millennial students (figure 1), she described the varying levels of anxiety students may feel throughout this process depending upon their success at finding needed information.14 Anxiety at Stage 2: Development/Refinement “ranges from mild to extreme, depending on the success of the student’s AISP in finding information The Library is innovating online tutorials targeted for nontraditional and international graduate students with various combinations of AVMR, with the goal to diminish library anxiety.
     • keywords: anxiety; information; library; library anxiety; onwuegbuzie; responses; students; survey; virtual
     • versions: original; plain text
106. ital-11787
     • author: Young, Scott W. H.; Chao, Zoe; Chandler, Adam
     • title: User Experience Methods and Maturity in Academic Libraries
     • date: 2020-03-16
     • words: 10618
     • flesch: 40
     • summary: The authors conclude by offering a library-focused maturity scale with recommended practices for advancing UX maturity in academic libraries. However, there has been a lack of empirical data showing the extent of UX methods in use or state of UX maturity in libraries.
     • keywords: academic libraries; experience; libraries; maturity; methods; stage; user; ux maturity; ux methods
     • versions: original; plain text
107. ital-11811
     • author: Singh, Neeraj Kumar
     • title: Near-field Communication (NFC)
     • date: 2020-06-11
     • words: 5826
     • flesch: 43
     • summary: The aim of this paper is to explore NFC technology and its applications in modern era. NFC technology has added security features that make it much more secure than the previously popular RFID equivalent and it is difficult to steal information stored in it.
     • keywords: communication; field; libraries; library; near; nfc; rfid; technology
     • versions: original; plain text
108. ital-11837
     • author: Maistrovskaya, Mariya; Wang, Rachel
     • title: Creating and Managing a Repository of Past Exam Papers
     • date: 2020-03-16
     • words: 2586
     • flesch: 53
     • summary: An alternative approach to exam collection would be an opt-in model where faculty choose to submit exam questions on their own schedule. Opt-In versus Opt-Out Approach Where exam collection is driven centrally by a registrar’s office, for example, that office may require that all past exams be made available to students.
     • keywords: exams; repository; utl
     • versions: original; plain text
109. ital-11847
     • author: Kirsch, Breanne
     • title: Virtual Reality
     • date: 2019-12-16
     • words: 1135
     • flesch: 59
     • summary: Since there were so many programs about virtual reality at EDUCAUSE, I wanted to share a little of what I learned including how some higher education institutions are creating VR content, using pre-created content, and VR in libraries. Creating VR content using tools such as Unity can be difficult and time-consuming.
     • keywords: virtual
     • versions: original; plain text
110. ital-11859
     • author: O'Hara, Gayle; Lapworth, Emily; Lampert, Cory
     • title: Cultivating Digitization Competencies
     • date: 2020-12-21
     • words: 14500
     • flesch: 30
     • summary: There are many reasons for engaging in digitization projects and creating digital collections, including providing increased access to unique collections, preserving fragile records, raising the global profile of the institution, meeting user demand, and supporting the teaching, learning, and research needs of host institutions. From the perspective of librarians and archivists, digitization of special collections and archives materials involves more than just reformatting analog materials into a digital format (this article uses the term “digitization” to refer to the entire lifecycle of digitization projects involving special collections and archives materials, from planning to preservation).
     • keywords: collections; competencies; competency; digital; digitization; digitization competencies; digitization projects; grant; information; learning; libraries; materials; metadata; project
     • versions: original; plain text
111. ital-11863
     • author: Murray, Jennifer; Feinberg, Daniel
     • title: Collaboration and Integration
     • date: 2020-06-11
     • words: 5782
     • flesch: 53
     • summary: In effect, more time was spent with students to guide them to library resources such as programmatic or course specific Springshare hosted LibGuides (also known as library guides), or the library homepage. After researching options, the library recommended creating access to library resources and services using a Springshare LTI Tool for library guides, which CIRT agreed to.
     • keywords: canvas; integration; learning; library; students
     • versions: original; plain text
112. ital-11877
     • author: Markman, Chris; Hess, M; Lou, Dan; Nguyen, Anh
     • title: VR Hackfest
     • date: 2019-12-16
     • words: 1771
     • flesch: 59
     • summary: We were not only working with open source tools and highlighting new technologies, but also building an experience for workshop attendees and showcasing their work to thousands of people. Future Work Our immediate plans include re-use of the exhibit frame for future public technology showcases and offering another round of VR Hackfest workshops, perhaps in a smaller group so participants have the chance to view their work while wearing a VR headset.
     • keywords: technology; web
     • versions: original; plain text
113. ital-11883
     • author: Fu, Meng-Hsuan
     • title: Integrated Technologies of Blockchain and Biometrics Based on Wireless Sensor Network for Library Management
     • date: 2020-09-21
     • words: 5352
     • flesch: 42
     • summary: Although the IoT and wireless networks have been well developed, people still own many different RFID-embedded cards, such as public transportation cards, credit cards, student cards, medical cards, identification cards, membership cards, or library cards. Those who have library cards but have forgotten to bring them can apply for a temporary library card to enter the library, but this is limited to three times.9
     • keywords: blockchain; borrowing; information; library; technologies; technology; user
     • versions: original; plain text
114. ital-11905
     • author: Morton-Owens, Emily
     • title: Joining Together
     • date: 2019-12-16
     • words: 873
     • flesch: 61
     • summary: This has inspired me to reflect on how LITA has always taken a broad and inclusive view of what library technology work is and can be in the future. In LITA’s events and meetings, we consistently see different facets of library technology work reflected.
     • keywords: lita
     • versions: original; plain text
115. ital-11923
     • author: Varnum, Kenneth J.
     • title: Letter from the Editor (December 2019)
     • date: 2019-12-16
     • words: 337
     • flesch: 42
     • summary: I returned to my regular job with a newfound appreciation for how much the issues I spend so much of my professional time on—information access, equity, user experience, and the like—are universal. The experience reinforces the importance of important open access publications such as Information Technology and Libraries.
     • keywords: experience
     • versions: original; plain text
116. ital-11937
     • author: Valenti, Sandra; Lund, Brady; Wang, Ting
     • title: Virtual Reality as a Tool for Student Orientation in Distance Education Programs
     • date: 2020-06-11
     • words: 4789
     • flesch: 45
     • summary: There was some indication that participants would be willing to use VR for student orientation again, as both groups responded favorably to the idea that VR orientation information is appropriate and negatively to the idea that it would be better to get information from other sources. The majority of students also indicated a willingness to use VR technology for learning for long periods of time (25 minutes or more).
     • keywords: information; orientation; reality; technology; virtual
     • versions: original; plain text
117. ital-11977
     • author: Willis, Samuel Kent; O'Reilly, Faye
     • title: Filling the Gap in Database Usability
     • date: 2020-12-21
     • words: 9531
     • flesch: 46
     • summary: This study made use of the ARG (Appendix A) for both VPAT accuracy analysis, and overall testing of database accessibility. Finally, the goal of the project was to identify trends in database accessibility and usability for persons with disabilities, comparing major database providers with smaller vendors.
     • keywords: accessibility; databases; december; gap; information; libraries; online; percent; research; technology; text; usability; users
     • versions: original; plain text
118. ital-12035
     • author: Panescu, Adrian-Tudor; Grosu, Teodora-Elena; Manta, Vasile
     • title: Stateful Library Analysis and Migration System (SLAM)
     • date: 2021-12-20
     • words: 5565
     • flesch: 36
     • summary: Ideally, migrations would also be an opportunity to curate and enrich the existing corpus by consolidating and correcting bibliographic records. 3. Fault tolerance: The system should implement fault tolerance mechanisms at all levels, allowing it to run migrations of large corpora with minimal supervision and, at the same time, implement sufficient logging and exception handling to allow operators to identify and correct potential issues.
     • keywords: information; metadata; migration; records; repository; slam
     • versions: original; plain text
119. ital-12039
     • author: Thomas, Camille; Vardeman, Kimberly; Wu, Jingjing
     • title: User Experience Testing in the Open Textbook Adaptation Workflow
     • date: 2021-03-11
     • words: 7729
     • flesch: 39
     • summary: This study examines user experience testing as a method to improve OER interfaces, learning experience, and accessibility during the OER production process using Pressbooks at a large research university. The e-book or e-textbook applications usability evaluation methods and results can be borrowed when understanding OER user needs.
     • keywords: experience; libraries; oer; open; open textbook; testing; textbook; usability; user; user experience; workflow
     • versions: original; plain text
120. ital-12041
     • author: Azadbakht, Elena; Schultz, Teresa
     • title: At the Click of a Button
     • date: 2020-06-11
     • words: 6286
     • flesch: 56
     • summary: Participants familiar with other browser extensions gravitated towards tools like Open Access Button, whereas those less experienced with other extensions preferred tools that load automatically, such as Unpaywall. ABSTRACT A number of browser extension tools have emerged in the past decade aimed at helping information seekers find open versions of scholarly articles when they hit a paywall, including Open Access Button, Lazy Scholar, Kopernio, and Unpaywall.
     • keywords: access; button; faculty; open; participants; tools
     • versions: original; plain text
121. ital-12053
     • author: Borrego, Ángel
     • title: Measuring the Impact of Digital Heritage Collections Using Google Scholar
     • date: 2020-06-11
     • words: 3934
     • flesch: 43
     • summary: As a result, the population of citing documents for the second part of the analysis on cited MDC collections was reduced to 274 documents. To what extent are MDC collections being used in the creation of scholarly outputs?
     • keywords: collections; digital; impact; mdc
     • versions: original; plain text
122. ital-12067
     • author: Willis, Laurie
     • title: Tackling the Big Projects
     • date: 2020-03-16
     • words: 1327
     • flesch: 70
     • summary: • Predictability—The vendor has completed many similar projects so they had a solid idea what to expect and how long it would take. Cost The cost of hiring a vendor initially seems steep, but staff time is also expensive.
     • keywords: vendor
     • versions: original; plain text
123. ital-12089
     • author: Knox, Sheryl; Smiley, Trenton
     • title: Google Us!
     • date: 2020-03-16
     • words: 1716
     • flesch: 67
     • summary: While the library has used Google Ads for the sharing of video, we had not done much with keyword advertising. In Google Ads, Koios created 14 catalog campaigns out of the roughly 250,000 titles we sent them.
     • keywords: google; libraries
     • versions: original; plain text
124. ital-12105
     • author: Morton-Owens, Emily
     • title: A Framework for Member Success
     • date: 2020-03-16
     • words: 1344
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: While ALA and LITA have specific audiences of library workers and technologists, we have a lot in common with other membership organizations. But for new members looking for a foothold, or library workers who don’t see themselves in our association, our organization may look like a barrier.
     • keywords: lita; members
     • versions: original; plain text
125. ital-12123
     • author: Vargas Ochoa, Isabel
     • title: Navigation Design and Library Terminology
     • date: 2020-12-21
     • words: 5304
     • flesch: 61
     • summary: Website usability studies are meant to test the website, although participants may unconsciously believe they are being tested. This study chose a user-centered approach because of the library's desire to collect data and feedback from student users.
     • keywords: design; library; navigation; students
     • versions: original; plain text
126. ital-12137
     • author: Varnum, Kenneth J.
     • title: Letter from the Editor
     • date: 2020-03-16
     • words: 341
     • flesch: 60
     • summary: That has been our core competency, born of a time when technology was the new thing in libraries. Core brings together the practitioners and technologies that make libraries run, and combines them with the library leadership areas that many of us aspire to, or end up taking on, as our careers develop.
     • keywords: core
     • versions: original; plain text
127. ital-12163
     • author: Hyams, Rebecca
     • title: Tending to an Overgrown Garden
     • date: 2020-12-21
     • words: 5057
     • flesch: 59
     • summary: • Guides to be “merged:” While merging guides is not actually possible in the LibGuides platform, there were cases where we had two or three for the same course. Infographics, videos, and long blocks of links or text were scrutinized to determine if they were helping to enhance students’ understanding of the core content or if they were merely providing clutter that would make it more difficult to understand the important information.9 In some cases, by going from guide to guide, it became apparent that there were guides for multiple courses in a subject area where the resources were basically identical.
     • keywords: content; guides; libguides; library; list
     • versions: original; plain text
128. ital-12175
     • author: Jiang, Yiping; Chi, Xiaobo; Lou, Yan; Zuo, Lihua; Chu, Yeqi; Zhuge, Qingyi
     • title: Peer Reading Promotion in University Libraries
     • date: 2021-03-11
     • words: 6300
     • flesch: 41
     • summary: Therefore, libraries should recognize this, recruit influential readers for reading promotion, and utilize the influence of peer social networks to spread information related to the promotion of reading. ABSTRACT University libraries use social networks to promote reading; however, there are challenges to increasing the use of these library platforms, such as poor promotion and low reader participation.
     • keywords: information; libraries; peer; promotion; readers; reading; social; university; university libraries
     • versions: original; plain text
129. ital-12191
     • author: Smith, Drew; Cook, Meghan L.; Torrence, Matt
     • title: Making Disciplinary Research Audible
     • date: 2020-09-21
     • words: 5058
     • flesch: 46
     • summary: • Work with media staff to design marketing, including podcast title (avoiding duplication with other podcasts) and logo development. There have been a small number of the quantitative elements of podcast use in academic libraries.
     • keywords: academic; earth; libraries; library; podcast; research
     • versions: original; plain text
130. ital-12197
     • author: Veve, Marielle
     • title: Using the Harvesting Method to Submit ETDs into ProQuest
     • date: 2020-09-21
     • words: 4364
     • flesch: 53
     • summary: LITERATURE REVIEW Currently, there are three options to submit ETDs into ProQuest: (1) submission through the ProQuest ETD Administrator tool, (2) submission via File Transfer Protocol (FTP), and (3) submission through harvests performed by ProQuest.3 ProQuest ETD Administrator Submission Option In this option, a proprietary submission tool called ProQuest ETD Administrator is used by students, or assigned administrators, to upload ETDs into ProQuest.
     • keywords: etds; harvesting; method; proquest
     • versions: original; plain text
131. ital-12207
     • author: Friedenthal, Melody
     • title: Intro to Coding Using Python at the Worcester Public Library
     • date: 2020-06-11
     • words: 1662
     • flesch: 73
     • summary: Since CA’s classes are MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses), the developers built in an automated way of correcting student code: embedded behind each web page of the course, there’s code that examines the student’s code and decides whether it is acceptable or not. Cover: course name, dates we meet, time class starts and ends, location, instructor’s name, manual version number, and a place for the student to write their own name.
     • keywords: class; python
     • versions: original; plain text
132. ital-12209
     • author: Reed, Karen; Miller, A
     • title: Applying Gamification to the Library Orientation
     • date: 2020-09-21
     • words: 9033
     • flesch: 45
     • summary: These groups were invited to participate in the gamified experience called LibGO (short for library game orientation). As MTSU librarians, the authors felt strongly that library orientations were important to everyone at the university so that they might make optimal use of the library’s offerings.
     • keywords: game; gamification; groups; libgo; libraries; library; library orientation; orientation; students
     • versions: original; plain text
133. ital-12211
     • author: Doney, Jylisa; Wikle, Olivia; Martinez, Jessica
     • title: Likes, Comments, Views
     • date: 2020-09-21
     • words: 5653
     • flesch: 37
     • summary: Additionally, collecting Instagram posts shared during an expanded timeframe could allow researchers to explore whether library Instagram accounts consistently share the same types of content at various points throughout the year. The results of this study indicate that libraries should seek to create Instagram posts that include various types of content while also ensuring that the content shared reflects their unique campus contexts.
     • keywords: comments; instagram; libraries; library; likes; posts
     • versions: original; plain text
134. ital-12219
     • author: Quintel, Denise; Wilson, Robert
     • title: Analytics and Privacy
     • date: 2020-09-21
     • words: 4704
     • flesch: 39
     • summary: Google Analytics offers the same service, as long as it is implemented by the user through a browser extension.20 IP anonymization and data deletion are all features that Matomo users can adjust easily from the dashboard, whereas Google Analytics users will need to make those adjustments programmatically. Converting Web Site Usage Statistics into Concrete Site Improvement Ideas,” Journal of Web Librarianship 4, no. 1 (2010): 37–54, https://doi.org/10.1080/19322900903547414; Steven J. Turner, “Website Statistics 2.0: Using Google Analytics to Measure Library Website Effectiveness,” Technical Services Quarterly 27, no. 3 (2010): 261–78, https://doi.org/10.1080/07317131003765910; Gail Herrera, “Measuring Link-Resolver Success: Comparing 360 Link with a Local Implementation of WebBridge,” Journal of Electronic Resources Librarianship 23, no. 4 (2011): 379–88, https://doi.org/10.1080/1941126X.2011.627809; Wayne Loftus, “Demonstrating Success: Web Analytics and Continuous Improvement,” Journal of Web Librarianship 6, no. 1 (2012): 45–50, https://doi.org/10.1080/19322909.2012.651416; Tabatha A. Farney, “Click Analytics: Visualizing Website Use Data,” Information Technology & Libraries 30, no. 3 (2011): 141–8, https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v30i3.1771. 4 Patrick O’Brien et al., “Protecting Privacy on the Web: A Study of HTTPS and Google Analytics Implementation in Academic Library Websites,” Online Information Review 42, no. 6 (2018): 734–51, https://doi.org/10.1108/OIR-02-2018-0056. 5 Junior Tidal, “Using Web Analytics for Mobile Interface Development,” Journal of Web Librarianship 7, no. 4 (2013): 451–64, http://doi.org/10.1080/19322909.2013.835218; Ramiro Federico Uviña, “Bibliotecas Y Analítica Web: Una Cuestión De Privacidad = Libraries and Web Analytics: A Privacy Matter,” Información, Cultura Y Sociedad
     • keywords: analytics; data; google; libraries; matomo; privacy; user
     • versions: original; plain text
135. ital-12235
     • author: Grabus, Sam
     • title: Evaluating the Impact of the Long-S upon 18th-Century Encyclopedia Britannica Automatic Subject Metadata Generation Results
     • date: 2020-09-21
     • words: 4744
     • flesch: 45
     • summary: 10 Karen Attar, “S and Long S, in Oxford Companion to the Book, eds. Number of automatic subject indexing terms that are omitted when the Long-S is not corrected to a standard < s > as compared by encyclopedia entry word count.
     • keywords: automatic; long; results; terms
     • versions: original; plain text
136. ital-12325
     • author: Fayyaz, Nosheen; Khusro, Shah; Ullah, Shakir
     • title: Accessibility of Tables in PDF Documents
     • date: 2021-09-20
     • words: 9861
     • flesch: 41
     • summary: To fill this gap in the literature, this review paper reports on the current state of the accessibility of PDF documents, digital libraries, assistive technologies, tools, and frameworks that make PDF tables comprehensible and accessible to blind and visually impaired people. This paper highlights the significance of the rich semantics of PDF tables and the challenges in their interpretation and their presentation to blind and visually impaired people.
     • keywords: accessibility; data; digital; documents; information; libraries; pdf; pdf documents; tables
     • versions: original; plain text
137. ital-12341
     • author: Gonzales, Sara; Carson, Matthew B.; Viger, Guillaume; O'Keefe, Lisa; Allen, Norrina B.; Ferrie, Joseph P.; Holmes, Kristi
     • title: User Testing with Microinteractions
     • date: 2021-03-11
     • words: 6342
     • flesch: 33
     • summary: Designing for user behaviors was the goal of Galter Library’s repository development team as we launched a round of user testing of the repository’s alph a version in Fall 2019. To acquire microinteraction data, Galter Library’s data librarian designed and organized a round of user testing of the alpha release of the repository in autumn 2019.
     • keywords: data; microinteractions; record; repository; testers; testing; user
     • versions: original; plain text
138. ital-12363
     • author: Sweeney, Miriam; Davis, Emma
     • title: Alexa, Are You Listening?
     • date: 2021-01-04
     • words: 9234
     • flesch: 47
     • summary: SWEENEY AND DAVIS 7 Are libraries educating library patrons about voice assistant technologies as a part of services and programming? Are libraries educating library patrons about voice assistant technologies as a part of services and programming?
     • keywords: assistants; data; information; libraries; library; privacy; technologies; use; voice
     • versions: original; plain text
139. ital-12367
     • author: Ford, Kevin M
     • title: Seeing through Vocabularies
     • date: 2020-06-11
     • words: 2684
     • flesch: 50
     • summary: Ontologies and vocabularies are common when working with RDF (Resource Description Framework), a very simple data model in which information is expressed as a series of triple statements, each consisting of three parts: a subject, a predicate, and an object. The types of ontologies and vocabularies referred to here are in fact defined using RDF—Thing A is a Class and Thing Z is a Property.
     • keywords: ontology; rdf; vocabularies
     • versions: original; plain text
140. ital-12383
     • author: Morton-Owens, Emily
     • title: Facing What’s Next, Together
     • date: 2020-06-11
     • words: 755
     • flesch: 50
     • summary: When I wrote my March editorial, I was optimistically picturing some of the changes that we are now seeing for LITA—while being scarcely able to imagine how the world and our profession would need to adapt quickly to the impacts on library services as a result of COVID-19. Sometimes the expense of library technologies feels heavy, but these tools have the ability to scale services in crucial ways—making them available to more people at the same time, available to people who can only take advantage after hours, available across distances.
     • keywords: lita
     • versions: original; plain text
141. ital-12391
     • author: McAndrew, Chuck
     • title: LibraryVPN
     • date: 2020-06-11
     • words: 1417
     • flesch: 61
     • summary: LibraryVPN is a new project that is pushing library services outside of the library to where the library is. This grant was to develop integrations between LEAP’s existing VPN solution and integrated library systems using SIP2 which will allow library patrons to sign in to LibraryVPN using their library card.
     • keywords: libraries; library
     • versions: original; plain text
142. ital-12405
     • author: Varnum, Ken
     • title: Letter from the Editor
     • date: 2020-06-12
     • words: 388
     • flesch: 66
     • summary: The other is the centuries-long festering disease of racial injustice, discrimination, and inequality that typifies (particularly, but not uniquely) American society. At the same time, a blank page can be liberating at a time when so much of our social, professional, and personal lives needs to be reconceptualized and reactivated in new, healthier , more respectful and inclusive ways.
     • keywords: blank
     • versions: original; plain text
143. ital-12453
     • author: McDonald, Courtney; Burkhardt, Heidi
     • title: Web Content Strategy in Practice within Academic Libraries
     • date: 2021-03-11
     • words: 13324
     • flesch: 48
     • summary: WITHIN ACADEMIC LIBRARIES | MCDONALD AND BURKHARDT 6 METHODS Following review and approval by the researchers’ institutional review boards, a web-based survey collecting information about existing workflows for web content, basic organizational information, and familiarity with concepts related to web content strategy was distributed to 208 professionals in April 2020. # full-time employees Demographic 41 4 CMS products used Infrastructure/ Organizational Structure 41 5 Primary CMS Infrastructure/ Organizational Structure 39 6 Number of site editors Infrastructure/ Organizational Structure 39 7 Describe responsibility for content Infrastructure/ Organizational Structure 39 8 Existence of position(s) with primary duties of web content Infrastructure/ Organizational Structure 39 9 Titles of such positions, if any Infrastructure/ Organizational Structure 24 10 Familiar with web content strategy Content Strategy Practices 36 11 Definition of web content strategy Content Strategy Practices 32 12 Policies or documentation Content Strategy Practices 35 13 Methods Content Strategy Practices 37 14 Willing to be contacted — 37 15 Name — 27 16 Email — 26 The survey included 16 questions; question topics and response counts are noted in table 2.
     • keywords: = =; academic libraries; arl; content; content strategy; group; information; libraries march; library; mcdonald; oberlin; practice; research; web content
     • versions: original; plain text
144. ital-12457
     • author: Zharinov, Serhii
     • title: The Role of the Library in the Digital Economy
     • date: 2020-12-21
     • words: 7791
     • flesch: 20
     • summary: One of the first steps in the process of transition to the digital economy is the establishment of digital information and communication infrastructure. After all, it is not about the development of IT companies, but about the consumption of services or goods they provide—online commerce, e-government, etc.—using digital information technology.
     • keywords: data; development; digital economy; digital transformation; information; libraries; library; management; research; role; scientific
     • versions: original; plain text
145. ital-12483
     • author: Mertoğlu, Uğur; Genç, Burkay
     • title: Automated Fake News Detection in the Age of Digital Libraries
     • date: 2020-12-21
     • words: 7496
     • flesch: 50
     • summary: AUTOMATED FAKE NEWS DETECTION IN THE AGE OF DIGITAL LIBRARIES | MERTOĞLU AND GENÇ 4 (International Federation of Library Associations) infographic which contains eight steps to spot fake news. AUTOMATED FAKE NEWS DETECTION IN THE AGE OF DIGITAL LIBRARIES | MERTOĞLU AND GENÇ 15 Every ADS in GLIS_1.0 framework may use its own way to detect fake news.
     • keywords: detection; digital; digital libraries; fake; fake news; features; information; libraries; news; news detection
     • versions: original; plain text
146. ital-12529
     • author: Formanek, Matus
     • title: Solving SEO Issues in DSpace-based Digital Repositories
     • date: 2021-03-11
     • words: 11574
     • flesch: 53
     • summary: Next, we present a case study of our own institution’s DSpace repository, performing several SEO tests and identifying the potential SEO issues through a group of three independent audit tools. The Tomcat webserver (which is an essential website component for DSpace repositories) allows turning on GZIP compression and so -called JavaScript minification.
     • keywords: digital; dspace; information; issues; repositories; search; seo; seo issues; test; tools; website
     • versions: original; plain text
147. ital-12553
     • author: Han, Yan; Rychlik, Marek
     • title: Development of a Gold-standard Pashto Dataset and a Segmentation App
     • date: 2021-03-11
     • words: 6145
     • flesch: 50
     • summary: To ensure that the dataset has the gold-standard one-to-one mapping of a line image to a line text, the Ph.D. student keyed in Pashto texts line by line by viewing every individual line image. Peshawar campus has been working on Pashto OCR since 2006, and its research has created a Pashto image-to-ligature dataset titled FAST-NU dataset, containing 4,000 images of 1,000 unique ligatures in a variety of font sizes.9
     • keywords: app; dataset; information; line; ocr; pashto; segmentation; writing
     • versions: original; plain text
148. ital-12589
     • author: Jayakanth, Francis; Byrappa, Anand; Visvanathan, Raja
     • title: Off-campus Access to Licensed Online Resources through Shibboleth
     • date: 2021-06-15
     • words: 3678
     • flesch: 45
     • summary: In this paper, authors share their experience in setting up a Shibboleth-based single sign-on (SSO) access management system at the JRD Tata Memorial Library, Indian Institute of Science, to enable authorized users of the institute to seamlessly access licensed online resources from off-campus locations. Allowing or denying access to online resources based on a user’s IP address was simple, it worked, and, in the absence of practical alternatives, it became the universal means of authentication for gaining access to licensed library content.1 To facilitate seamless access to licensed online resources from off-campus sites, libraries have been using various technologies including proxy server or VPN server or remote desktop gateway or federated identity management or a combination of the said technologies.
     • keywords: access; campus; licensed; resources
     • versions: original; plain text
149. ital-12593
     • author: Krahmer, Ana; Douglas, Laura
     • title: A Collaborative Approach to Newspaper Preservation
     • date: 2020-09-21
     • words: 2170
     • flesch: 54
     • summary: In her work, she regularly assists patrons with newspaper research questions specifically related to Denton newspapers. One major research resource is the archival collection of local newspapers, mainly the DRC, maintained on 752 rolls of microfilm containing issues from 1908 to 2018.
     • keywords: grant; newspaper; project
     • versions: original; plain text
150. ital-12619
     • author: Ayre, Lori Bowen
     • title: What More Can We Do to Address Broadband Inequity and Digital Poverty?
     • date: 2020-09-21
     • words: 2584
     • flesch: 32
     • summary: According to BroadbandNow, the number of people who lack broadband Internet access could be as high as 42 million.6 The FCC reports that at least “18 million people lacked access to broadband Internet at the end of 2018.”7 Even if all the libraries were open and circulating hundreds of Wi-Fi hotspots, we’d still have a very serious access problem. Surry County, Virginia, expects to extend broadband access to 6,700 households through a first-ever partnership between a utility (Dominion Energy Virginia) and an electric cooperative (Dominion Energy).
     • keywords: broadband; community; libraries; library
     • versions: original; plain text
151. ital-12629
     • author: Connell, Ruth Sara; Wallis, Lisa; Comeaux, David
     • title: The Impact of COVID-19 on the Use of Academic Library Resources
     • date: 2021-06-15
     • words: 7771
     • flesch: 48
     • summary: These will be called the COVID 2019 and COVID 2020 time frames (or COVID time frames collectively). Figures 2, 4, and 6 illustrate the percentage of differences in COVID time frames from determined baselines.
     • keywords: covid; covid-19; frame; libraries; library; resources; time; use
     • versions: original; plain text
152. ital-12637
     • author: Howard, Mary
     • title: Harnessing the Power of OrCam
     • date: 2020-09-21
     • words: 1160
     • flesch: 64
     • summary: The interesting aspect of this is we now have to take our technology profile even further by offering remote training to prospective OrCam users. OrCam also has a vast array of instructional videos that we will have cued up for users.
     • keywords: library; orcam
     • versions: original; plain text
153. ital-12647
     • author: Paskali, Ljubomir; Ivanovic, Lidija; Kapitsaki, Georgia; Ivanovic, Dragan; Dimic Surla, Bojana; Surla, Dusan
     • title: Personalization of Search Results Representation of a Digital Library
     • date: 2021-03-11
     • words: 9314
     • flesch: 39
     • summary: Users have the ability to provide their feedback on the visualization of the search results, therefore indicating if they prefer a textual or new visual results representation (by changing search results representation style). The improvement of the user experience with the digital library of the University of Novi Sad dissertations (PHD UNS) through the personalization of search results representation is the aim of the research presented in this paper.
     • keywords: ivanovic; phd; representation; representation style; results representation; search results; surla; uns; users
     • versions: original; plain text
154. ital-12687
     • author: Weinraub Lajoie, Evviva
     • title: In the Middle of Difficulty Lies Opportunity
     • date: 2020-09-21
     • words: 896
     • flesch: 63
     • summary: While my approximately 2-month term as President may be the shortest in LITA history, it has been filled with meetings, reports, protests, and preparations for our metamorphosis into Core. I spend a lot of time thinking and worrying about what their impact will be on our work and our institutions, how it impacts me and the people I work with personally, and what role Core may play for many of us in the future.
     • keywords: lita
     • versions: original; plain text
155. ital-12691
     • author: Varnum, Ken
     • title: Letter from the Editor
     • date: 2020-09-21
     • words: 385
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: Julia Bauder, the Chair of this year’s selection committee (I was also a member, as ITAL editor) said, “This valuable work of original research helps to quantify the scope of a problem that is of interest not only in the field of library and information science, but that also, as Grabus notes in her conclusion, could affect research in fields from the digital humanities to the sciences.” I am pleased that this issue includes the 2020 LITA/Ex Libris Student Writing Award winning article, Evaluating the Impact of the Long-S upon 18th-Century Encyclopedia Britannica Automatic Subject Metadata Generation Results, by Sam Grabus of Drexel University.
     • keywords: september
     • versions: original; plain text
156. ital-12751
     • author: Ibacache, Kathia; Rybin Koob, Amanda; Vance, Eric
     • title: Emergency Remote Library Instruction and Tech Tools
     • date: 2021-06-15
     • words: 10874
     • flesch: 43
     • summary: This study will deliver and discuss findings from the survey as well as make recommendations toward best practices for utilizing technology tools and assessing them for equity and student engagement. EMERGENCY REMOTE LIBRARY INSTRUCTION AND TECH TOOLS | IBACACHE, RYBIN KOOB, AND VANCE 2 and technology tools that could be used to facilitate library instruction during emergency remote teaching.
     • keywords: emergency; instruction; library; library instruction; remote; respondents; students; technology; technology tools; tools
     • versions: original; plain text
157. ital-12835
     • author: Galbreath, Blake Lee; Merrill, Alex; Johnson, Corey
     • title: A Framework for Measuring Relevancy in Discovery Environments
     • date: 2021-06-15
     • words: 7397
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: The assessment of newspaper articles also proved to be problematic, given their proclivity to inundate Primo search results with numerous and recent documents. Library discovery environments often present thousands, if not millions, of search results from an initial search query.
     • keywords: discovery; framework; libraries; primo; query; relevancy; results; search
     • versions: original; plain text
158. ital-12847
     • author: Goddard, Jon
     • title: Public Libraries Respond to the COVID-19 Pandemic, Creating a New Service Model
     • date: 2020-12-21
     • words: 1658
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: Program attendance has increased and several Zoom meeting rooms have been maxed out.10 Through the lockdown, library patrons have been exercising, listening to concerts, taking virtual vacations, learning new skills, cooking, playing games, and reducing stress. Both librarians and those who provide library programs to the public had to quickly adjust to the virtual world in which we were suddenly living.
     • keywords: libraries; library; public
     • versions: original; plain text
159. ital-12857
     • author: Hall, Jessica
     • title: Journey with Veterans
     • date: 2020-12-21
     • words: 1405
     • flesch: 68
     • summary: The workshop she had taken described a program which utilized Google Expeditions to take seniors on virtual tours. The Journey with Veterans program took the technology to the veterans instead of requiring them to come into the library.
     • keywords: program
     • versions: original; plain text
160. ital-12915
     • author: Ellern, Gillian (Jill) D; Cruz, Laura
     • title: Black, White, and Grey
     • date: 2021-12-20
     • words: 9251
     • flesch: 42
     • summary: 2. How have you/your library navigated one of the following grey areas (drawn from working with VR in libraries) where a situation is ill-defined or not readily conforming to a category or an existing set of rules or policies? The respondents framed their role in supporting the wickedness of VR/XR in three basic ways: library as gateway, library as learning partner, and library as maker.
     • keywords: information; libraries; library; problems; research; role; technology; virtual; wicked
     • versions: original; plain text
161. ital-12959
     • author: Bianchini, Carlo; Bargioni, Stefano; Pellizzari di San Girolamo, Camillo Carlo
     • title: Beyond VIAF
     • date: 2021-06-17
     • words: 12392
     • flesch: 38
     • summary: 20 Feature VIAF Wikidata ● Dates, genre, bibliographic references from sources, xlinks, etc. ● Properties are unchangeable ● All statements admit references, which are strongly recommended in some cases ● Unavailable properties can be freely added through a process of property proposal64 Data. Feature VIAF Wikidata ● Allow to create and maintain on Toolforge free tools—e.g., Mix’n’match—to ingest external identifiers71 ● Manage library, bibliographic, and non-library and non-bibliographic linked data ● Publish and diffuse Wikidata IDs and data Organizational model ● OCLC service, guided by VIAF Council of participating institutions ● Hierarchical, top-down ● Membership on request and subordinated to approval ● Largely limited to national bibliographic agencies ● Wikimedia project ● Distributed, bottom-up ● Everyone can take part in the project72 ● Open to any bibliographic or non- bibliographic institution (national, large, medium, and small) System.
     • keywords: authority; bibliographic; clusters; ids; information; items; libraries; sources; table; viaf; viaf clusters; wikidata
     • versions: original; plain text
162. ital-12963
     • author: Ridley, Michael; Pawlick-Potts, Danica
     • title: Algorithmic Literacy and the Role for Libraries
     • date: 2021-06-17
     • words: 6667
     • flesch: 29
     • summary: Referring more broadly to “AI literacy,” Long and Magerko provide an operational view defining it as “a set of competencies that enables individuals to critically evaluate AI technologies; communicate and collaborate effectively with AI; and use AI as a tool online, at home, and in the workplace.” 14 Daniel Zeng, “From Computational Thinking to AI Thinking,” IEEE Intelligent Systems (November/December, 2013), 2–4; Duri Long and Brian Magerko, “What Is AI Literacy?
     • keywords: algorithmic literacy; algorithms; computational; information; information literacy; libraries; library; literacy; thinking
     • versions: original; plain text
163. ital-12987
     • author: Homenda, Nicholas
     • title: Persistent URLs and Citations Offered for Digital Objects by Digital Libraries
     • date: 2021-06-15
     • words: 4956
     • flesch: 33
     • summary: Although libraries, archives, and museums have digitized and made digital objects in digital collections openly accessible for decades using several methods for providing persistent, citable URLs, how do institutions now present digital object URLs to people who encounter, use, and cite them? Catalyzed by recent digital collections migration initiatives at Indiana University Libraries, this study investigates the prevalence of persistent URLs for digital objects at peer institutions and examines the ways their platforms instruct users to cite them.
     • keywords: collections; digital; libraries; objects; persistent; urls
     • versions: original; plain text
164. ital-13027
     • author: Cronin, Christopher
     • title: Leadership, Infrastructure, Futures
     • date: 2020-12-21
     • words: 978
     • flesch: 53
     • summary: https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v39i4.13027 Christopher Cronin (cjc2260@columbia.edu) is Core President and Associate University Librarian for Collections, Columbia University. While I welcome ITAL’s readers into Core, I also welcome Core’s membership into ITAL.
     • keywords: core
     • versions: original; plain text
165. ital-13051
     • author: Varnum, Ken
     • title: Letter from the Editor
     • date: 2020-12-21
     • words: 371
     • flesch: 47
     • summary: Topics we are interested in could include any way that technologies have helped you provide or innovate service to your communities during the pandemic, but could touch on any novel, interesting, or promising use of technology in a public library setting. Rather, Public Libraries Leading the Way columns are meant to share practical experience with technology development or uses within the library.
     • keywords: hope
     • versions: original; plain text
166. ital-13053
     • author: Hardesty, Juliet; Nolan, Allison
     • title: Mitigating Bias in Metadata
     • date: 2021-09-20
     • words: 6224
     • flesch: 23
     • summary: Analysis of Homosaurus terms against LCSH terms suggested some connections could be made and for initial construction of the proof-of-concept application these were used, but with the recognition that these connections were not coming from the community vocabulary. LCSH terms are available as linked data, a format that enables online machine-readable connections between concepts and terms, and there needs to be an effort to make systems using LCSH terms more inclusive and representative of marginalized communities.
     • keywords: community; homosaurus; information; lcsh; library; marginalized; terms
     • versions: original; plain text
167. ital-13063
     • author: Boczar, Jason; Pollock, Bonita; Mi, Xiying; Yeslibas, Amanda
     • title: Bridging the Gap
     • date: 2021-12-20
     • words: 6584
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: This allows for bidirectional flow of information between pieces of metadata and makes transferring data simpler and more efficient.26 Information in a triple-store database is then retrieved using SPARQL, a query language developed for linked data. Because linked data triples are self-contained, there is no need to crosswalk metadata stored in triples from one schema into another when transferring data.
     • keywords: collections; data; digital; information; libraries; library; metadata; web
     • versions: original; plain text
168. ital-13117
     • author: Fruehan, Parker; Hellyar, Diana
     • title: Expanding and Improving Our Library’s Virtual Chat Service
     • date: 2021-09-20
     • words: 3547
     • flesch: 52
     • summary: • Be prepared for non-university affiliated patrons using chat services, especially from subject guides easily found through search engines. Embedded chat widget in SouthernSearch discovery platform.
     • keywords: chat; librarians; library; widget
     • versions: original; plain text
169. ital-13193
     • author: Lund, Brady
     • title: The Fourth Industrial Revolution
     • date: 2021-03-11
     • words: 1955
     • flesch: 52
     • summary: The Fourth Industrial Revolution: Does It Pose an Existential Threat to Libraries? The Fourth Industrial Revolution Does It Pose an Existential Threat to Libraries?
     • keywords: industrial; libraries; revolution
     • versions: original; plain text
170. ital-13209
     • author: Black, Matthew; Powelson, Susan
     • title: A Rapid Implementation of a Reserve Reading List Solution in Response to the COVID-19 Pandemic
     • date: 2021-09-20
     • words: 5322
     • flesch: 45
     • summary: It allows reading lists to be processed directly in Alma by library staff and provides an interface for creating and engaging with readings lists that can be integrated directly into learning management systems using the Learning Tools Interoperability (LTI) integration. INTRODUCTION In response to the changes to the post-secondary learning environment due to COVID-19 and to better integrate our course reserve reading list services with our library management system (Ex Libris’ Alma), Libraries and Cultural Resources (LCR) at the University of Calgary (UCalgary) decided to rapidly implement Ex Libris’ reading list solution Leganto.
     • keywords: implementation; leganto; list; rapid; reading
     • versions: original; plain text
171. ital-13241
     • author: Narlock, Mikala; Brower, Don
     • title: Product Ownership of a Legacy Institutional Repository
     • date: 2021-09-20
     • words: 5264
     • flesch: 27
     • summary: After deciding the system was worth maintaining, it was necessary to explicitly narrow the scope of the service, which had broadened over time in an ad hoc manner: as other services were turned off, leaving various digital content to find a new location, our institutional repository was often leveraged to host the content, even when support for the needs of niche content was poor at best. The POs could explicitly drop support for unused services, allow other services to limp along, and improve existing strengths.
     • keywords: campus; digital; institutional; libraries; product; repository; service
     • versions: original; plain text
172. ital-13257
     • author: Suni, Karin; Brown, Christopher
     • title: We Can Do It for Free!
     • date: 2021-03-11
     • words: 1676
     • flesch: 53
     • summary: As we move forward, the repository is evolving into a comprehensive collection of what the Special Collection Division does and how we meet the need for patron engagement http://bit.ly/flpstorysearch INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY ANALYTICS Site visits and other statistics for a library’s online presence are always important, but especially so during the pandemic when restricted physical access has driven more patrons to online resources.
     • keywords: google; repository
     • versions: original; plain text
173. ital-13261
     • author: Berra, Daniel
     • title: Utilizing Technology to Support and Extend Access to Students and Job Seekers during the Pandemic
     • date: 2021-03-11
     • words: 1490
     • flesch: 55
     • summary: Many of our nearly 70,000 residents are frequent users of library services, attend our wide array of programs, hold meetings, study or work inside the building and enjoy both the physical and virtual library collection. UTILIZING TECHNOLOGY TO SUPPORT AND EXTEND ACCESS | BERRA 3 The ongoing pandemic necessitated a re-imagining of library services.
     • keywords: access; technology
     • versions: original; plain text
174. ital-13279
     • author: Wang, Zhiyu; Wu, Jingyu; Yu, Guang; Song, Zhiping
     • title: Text Analysis and Visualization Research on the Hetu Dangse During the Qing Dynasty of China
     • date: 2021-09-20
     • words: 8726
     • flesch: 43
     • summary: Thus, in this study, we aim to use text analysis and visualization methods in machine learning to conduct data mining analysis of historical document data. By analyzing the official documents between the institutional functions, we can further explore the overlap as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the Qing Dynasty Shengjing ruling system to study the history of Shengjing institutions in the Qing Dynasty more thoroughly providing a reference for the design of current institutions.
     • keywords: analysis; catalog; catalog data; data; documents; hetu dangse; historical; institutions; research; shengjing
     • versions: original; plain text
175. ital-13297
     • author: Varnum, Kenneth J.
     • title: Reviewers Wanted
     • date: 2021-03-12
     • words: 476
     • flesch: 43
     • summary: Increasing the pool of reviewers for Information Technology and Libraries is part of the Editorial Board’s desire to provide equitable treatment to submitted articles and will enable us to follow a more typical process for peer-reviewed journals: a two-reviewer double-blind process. Reviewers Wanted LETTER FROM THE EDITOR Reviewers Wanted Kenneth J. Varnum INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND LIBRARIES | MARCH 2021 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v40i1.13xxx Together with one of the other journals published by ALA’s Core division, Information Technology and Libraries (ITAL) and Library Leadership and Management (LL&M) invite applications for peer reviewers.
     • keywords: reviewers
     • versions: original; plain text
176. ital-13319
     • author: Digby, Todd
     • title: Developing a Minimalist Multilingual Full-text Digital Library Solution for Disconnected Remote Library Partners
     • date: 2021-12-20
     • words: 3432
     • flesch: 43
     • summary: Additionally, Pearce (2012) further states that, OSAT is made up of technologies that are easily and economically utilized from readily available resources by local communities to meet their needs and must meet the boundary conditions set by environmental, cultural, economic, and educational resource constraints of the local community.11 DEVELOPING A SOLUTION As mentioned previously, the digitized Synagogue content from this project was brought back to UF from Cuba and loaded into our local Digital Collections system. The Temple Beth Shalom library as a whole provides a complete snapshot of Cuban Jewish intellectual, cultural, religious, and political life as it evolved and progressed during the 20th century.4 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
     • keywords: digital; library; technology; text
     • versions: original; plain text
177. ital-13333
     • author: Koh, HyunSeung; Fienup, Mark
     • title: Topic Modeling as a Tool for Analyzing Library Chat Transcripts
     • date: 2021-09-20
     • words: 8541
     • flesch: 42
     • summary: Examples of topics found by topic modeling techniques Topic modeling technique Topics (Top 15 topics with eight words per topic) We compared outcomes of different types of topic modeling techniques and attempted to propose topic modeling techniques that would be most appropriate in the context of chat reference transcript data.
     • keywords: analysis; article; book; chat; data; information; library; techniques; topic; topic modeling; transcripts; words
     • versions: original; plain text
178. ital-13353
     • author: Ely, Eric
     • title: Diversity, Equity & Inclusion Statements on Academic Library Websites
     • date: 2021-12-20
     • words: 8777
     • flesch: 29
     • summary: This analysis focused on two areas: library-centered language common across statements and social justice language, which a subset of libraries’ DEI statements employed. Analysis revealed vague conceptualizations of diversity and library-centered language in DEI statements, while a subset of statements employed anti-racist and social justice language to position the library as an active agent for social change.
     • keywords: academic; content; dei; dei statements; inclusion; libraries; library; statements; university
     • versions: original; plain text
179. ital-13355
     • author: Tallman, Nathan
     • title: A 21st Century Technical Infrastructure for Digital Preservation
     • date: 2021-12-20
     • words: 8730
     • flesch: 35
     • summary: Twentieth- century servers often use three main types of storage: file, block, and object. Software-defined storage combines inexpensive hardware with software abstractions to create a flexible, scalable, storage solution that provides data integrity.27 Software-defined storage can use the same pool of disks to present all three of the common types of storage: file, object, and block.
     • keywords: century; digital; digital preservation; file; fixity; infrastructure; preservation; software; storage; technical
     • versions: original; plain text
180. ital-13389
     • author: Longmeier, Meris Mandernach
     • title: Hackathons and Libraries
     • date: 2021-12-20
     • words: 8925
     • flesch: 34
     • summary: In both areas, those of library as space and library as source, hackathons help realign user expectations of libraries. Libraries can act solely as a host for events or they can embed in the planning process by building community partnerships, developing themes for the event, or harnessing the expertise already present in the library staff.
     • keywords: community; data; event; hackathon; information; libraries; library; open; participants; public; technology
     • versions: original; plain text
181. ital-13415
     • author: McCormack, Allison; Wittmann, Rachel
     • title: Rarely Analyzed
     • date: 2022-06-15
     • words: 4937
     • flesch: 36
     • summary: While much has been written about methods and criteria for selecting special collections items to be digitized and the effects of digitization on collection accessibility, few authors have discussed the relationships between digital collections and the physical collections from which they were sourced. There are other discrepancies when comparing the country of publication between the physical (fig. 3) and digital collections (fig. 4).
     • keywords: books; collection; digital; library; physical; rare
     • versions: original; plain text
182. ital-13461
     • author: Sauers, Michael P.
     • title: Do Space’s Virtual Interview Lab
     • date: 2021-06-15
     • words: 1361
     • flesch: 69
     • summary: Do Space’s Virtual Interview Lab: Using Simple Technology to Serve the Public in a Time of Crisis EDITORIAL BOARD THOUGHTS Do Space’s Virtual Interview Lab Using Simple Technology to Serve the Public in a Time of Crisis Michael P. Sauers INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY One group was so inspired by the project that in their thank you they said that they’d be starting their own Virtual Interview Lab at their location.
     • keywords: interview; space
     • versions: original; plain text
183. ital-13499
     • author: Yarbrough, Will
     • title: Service Barometers
     • date: 2021-06-15
     • words: 1189
     • flesch: 71
     • summary: Typically, kiosks are used as a sort of satellite collection, delivering library services directly to the community. AND LIBRARIES | JUNE 2021 https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v40i2.13499 Public libraries have been using lending kiosks for close to ten years now.
     • keywords: chesapeake; library
     • versions: original; plain text
184. ital-13513
     • author: Heller, Margaret
     • title: Making Room for Change through Rest
     • date: 2021-06-15
     • words: 1208
     • flesch: 62
     • summary: The planning for Core began years ago but became a real division of ALA in the most chaotic of times. The pause that a break implies allows time for us both as individuals to make time for what is important to us, and as members or employees of institutions to reconsider our priorities.
     • keywords: rest; time
     • versions: original; plain text
185. ital-13537
     • author: Jayakanth, Francis; Byrappa, Ananda T; Minj, Filbert
     • title: Migration of a Research Library's ICT-Based Services to a Cloud Platform
     • date: 2022-03-21
     • words: 5407
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: In an interview at the American Library Association annual meeting in Anaheim, California, in June 2012, Clifford Lynch traced 30 years of interactions between libraries and new technologies.3 With the evolution of CC technologies, libraries have been using CC’s SaaS and IaaS service models since 2009 to host their websites, library management system (LMS), and digital repositories. For example, the D-series Azure VMs provide a combination of vCPUs (virtual CPUs), memory, and temporary storage to meet the requirements associated with most production workloads.
     • keywords: cloud; library; migration; platform; services; vms
     • versions: original; plain text
186. ital-13573
     • author: Varnum, Kenneth J.
     • title: Improving ITAL's Peer Review
     • date: 2021-06-17
     • words: 411
     • flesch: 31
     • summary: Increasing the pool of reviewers for the journal supports the Editorial Board’s desire to provide equitable treatment to submitted articles by having two independent reviews provide double-blind consideration of each article, a practice that has now been in effect for articles submitted after May 1, 2021. This inaugurates what we plan to be an occasional feature, the “Core Leadership Column,” to which we invite contributions from members of Core leadership.
     • keywords: libraries
     • versions: original; plain text
187. ital-13601
     • author: Kordahi, Marilou
     • title: Ontology for the User-Learner Profile Personalizes the Search Analysis of Online Learning Resources
     • date: 2022-06-15
     • words: 7663
     • flesch: 37
     • summary: In fact, “the process for indexing metadata records meets standards for education, such as LOM, LOMFR and SupLOMFR.”30 At present, there is no feedback on the use of Thematic Digital Universities platforms. In a general manner, information about the environment class comes from Thematic Digital Universities platforms (e.g., the viewed metadata records).
     • keywords: digital; information; learner; learning; ontology; profile; thematic; universities; user
     • versions: original; plain text
188. ital-13659
     • author: Byrd-McDevitt, Dominic; Dewees, John
     • title: Using DPLA and the Wikimedia Foundation to Increase Usage of Digitized Resources
     • date: 2022-03-21
     • words: 4541
     • flesch: 39
     • summary: Once DPLA has access to the records, it is possible for the code authored by DPLA staff to be utilized to then integrate the resources into Wikimedia Commons. As a result one thing to keep in mind is that while a given organization may include in their gift or accession agreement a statement that digitized versions of physical resources are allowed to be shared through channels decided by the organization, this does not necessarily extend to Wikimedia Commons users outside your organization, because of the requirement to be able to reuse materials with little restriction past attribution and the need to share alike, depending on the standardized rights statement.
     • keywords: commons; dpla; foundation; ohio; wikimedia
     • versions: original; plain text
189. ital-13697
     • author: Williams, Carole
     • title: Delivering
     • date: 2021-09-20
     • words: 1291
     • flesch: 62
     • summary: With the central sorter, new items go out daily mixed in with the rest of the daily shipment. Branches can now receive the contents of each crate by entering a 4 -digit barcode instead of scanning individual items.
     • keywords: items; new
     • versions: original; plain text
190. ital-13775
     • author: Ritzo, Chris; Rhinesmith, Colin; Jiang, Jie
     • title: Measuring Library Broadband Networks to Address Knowledge Gaps and Data Caps
     • date: 2022-09-19
     • words: 8174
     • flesch: 30
     • summary: As Bertot, Real, and Jaeger concluded, one of the big challenges that public libraries have been dealing with is that the speed of public library internet connections “can vary significantly according to local population density.”9 During the first phase, we organized a “participatory design” workshop with our 10 first-year public libraries who agreed to serve as part of our research panel on the project.13 Findings from our analysis of the qualitative data gathered during the workshop revealed that public libraries wanted access to broadband measurement data in order to: (1) better communicate with their patrons about their library’s broadband connectivity, (2) respond to their communities’ digital needs, and (3) justify the importance of robust internet connectivity to their funders.14 Our analysis revealed early on in the project that knowledge gaps existed around the performance of public library broadband networks, patron and staff experiences using the library’s internet connection, and the meaning and value of measurements such as speed tests.
     • keywords: broadband; data; internet; libraries; library; library broadband; measurement; public; public libraries; service
     • versions: original; plain text
191. ital-13781
     • author: Swanson, Paul
     • title: Building a Culture of Resilience in Libraries
     • date: 2021-09-20
     • words: 1695
     • flesch: 58
     • summary: Patrons have different expectations of libraries; library staff have different expectations of management and of the technology that drives library services and their day-to-day work. Libraries were completely shut down, library staff displaced, and library services transformed in a short period of time like they hadn’t been before.
     • keywords: libraries; resilience
     • versions: original; plain text
192. ital-13783
     • author: Kim, Heesop; Maltceva, Nadezhda
     • title: Digitization of Libraries, Archives, and Museums in Russia
     • date: 2022-12-19
     • words: 7535
     • flesch: 27
     • summary: For example, Lopatina and Neretin discussed the modernization of the system of cultural information resources and the history of preserving digital cultural heritage in Russia.4 Astakhova pointed out the problem of the digitization of cultural heritage and the transformation of art objects into 3D models.5 Miroshnichenko et KIM AND MALCEVA 4 objects of digital cultural heritage.
     • keywords: archives; cultural; cultural heritage; digital; digitization; information; libraries; museums; russian
     • versions: original; plain text
193. ital-13799
     • author: Glowacka-Musial, Monika
     • title: Applying Topic Modeling for Automated Creation of Descriptive Metadata for Digital Collections
     • date: 2022-06-15
     • words: 4514
     • flesch: 38
     • summary: TOPIC MODELING AND ITS APPLICATIONS Topic modeling (TM) is one of the methodologies used in natural language processing (NLP). Also, a possibility of using topic modeling to determine the subject headings for books on Project Gutenberg was explored.15 Topic modeling in a nutshell Topic models help to identify the contents of document collections.
     • keywords: digital; headings; metadata; modeling; subject; topic; topic modeling
     • versions: original; plain text
194. ital-13803
     • author: Letriz, Joseph
     • title: Local Hosting of Faculty-Created Open Education Resources
     • date: 2022-03-21
     • words: 3721
     • flesch: 42
     • summary: Directions for setting up this configuration option are also available as part of Pressbooks documentation on their website. 8 “Installation.”, Pressbooks Documentation, Pressbooks, last modified February 23, 2022, https://docs.pressbooks.org/installation/. 9 Dale Easley, “The Story of the Earth.”
     • keywords: dubuque; faculty; instance; pressbooks; university
     • versions: original; plain text
195. ital-13859
     • author: Varnum, Kenneth J.
     • title: Letter from the Editor
     • date: 2021-09-20
     • words: 351
     • flesch: 22
     • summary: Expanding and Improving Our Library’s Virtual Chat Service: Discovering Best Practices When Demand Increases / Parker Fruehan and Diana Hellyar 6. Text Analysis and Visualization Research on the Hetu Dangse During the Qing Dynasty of China / Zhiyu Wang, Jingyu Wu, Guang Yu, and Zhiping Song 4.
     • keywords: september
     • versions: original; plain text
196. ital-14027
     • author: Berkowitz, Adam
     • title: Classical Musicians v. Copyright Bots
     • date: 2022-06-15
     • words: 4364
     • flesch: 27
     • summary: BERKOWITZ 4 DISPUTING A COPYRIGHT CLAIM While there is recourse for uploaders facing copyright claims from social media sites, the appeals process can be lengthy and overwhelming. It should be noted that library employees are most often not lawyers, and as such, it is ill-advised to answer direct questions about the specific legality of the myriad of situations musicians face when disputing copyright claims.
     • keywords: classical; classical musicians; content; copyright; musicians; youtube
     • versions: original; plain text
197. ital-14033
     • author: Valizadeh-Haghi, Saeideh; Nasibi-Sis, Hamed; Shekofteh, Maryam; Rahmatizadeh, Shahabedin
     • title: ResearchGate Metrics’ Behavior and Its Correlation with RG Score and Scopus Indicators
     • date: 2022-03-21
     • words: 5050
     • flesch: 40
     • summary: The correlation between ResearchGate metrics and RG score of faculty members Publication Followers Question Answers RG score Correlation coefficient 0.918 0.774 0.11 0.185 P-value < The number of followers of SBMU faculty members Followers Frequency Mean Min Max SD Median Members % 0 7 0.74 0 0 0 0 0 1-50 654 68.84 21.51 1 50 13.58 20 51-100 146 15.37 69.36 51 99 13.76 65.5 101-150 66 6.95 121 102 150 14.53 119 151-200 39 4.11 171.92 151 198 14.38 169 201-250 20 2.11 223.60 202 246 13.29 223.5 >250 18 1.89 391.44 253 891 181.72 338 Total 950 100 53.05 0 891 72.17 31 The correlation between RG metrics and RG score was examined using the Spearman correlation test.
     • keywords: members; metrics; researchgate
     • versions: original; plain text
198. ital-14041
     • author: Friedenthal, Melody
     • title: How COVID Affected our Python Class at the Worcester Public Library
     • date: 2021-12-17
     • words: 1608
     • flesch: 66
     • summary: Thonny is a free IDE (Integrated Development Environment) where students can write and execute Python code. We used Thonny when I taught face-to-face, but the Lab computers all had Thonny installed, and were ready for students to use.
     • keywords: class; students
     • versions: original; plain text
199. ital-14073
     • author: Coughlin, Daniel
     • title: Balancing Community and Local Needs
     • date: 2022-03-21
     • words: 6408
     • flesch: 48
     • summary: These lenses provided a thorough examination for us to decide on how to proceed; they are community needs and potential tension that exists with local needs, our team dynamics, and finally the platform we built our software on and the infrastructure required to maintain it. In terms of adding infrastructure, we both enhanced the virtual capabilities (CPU and RAM) of our systems and had tasks offloaded to other systems.
     • keywords: community; development; infrastructure; local; needs; repository; team
     • versions: original; plain text
200. ital-14093
     • author: Qing, Fan; Tan, Guoxin ; Sun, Chuanming; Chen, Panfeng
     • title: Research on Knowledge Organization of Intangible Cultural Heritage Based on Metadata
     • date: 2022-06-15
     • words: 4918
     • flesch: 17
     • summary: The creation of metadata standards in the field of intangible cultural heritage must first combine the basic concepts and characteristics of cultural heritage to extract specific attributes and provide element definitions that describe the basic characteristics of intangible cultural heritage resources, that is, core metadata. Design principles of intangible cultural heritage metadata The design of the metadata model of intangible cultural heritage information resources should be fully compatible with popular metadata standards.
     • keywords: cultural; cultural heritage; heritage; intangible; intangible cultural; metadata; resources
     • versions: original; plain text
201. ital-14099
     • author: Avgousti, Avgoustinos; Papaioannou, Georgios
     • title: The Current State and Challenges in Democratizing Small Museums’ Collections Online
     • date: 2023-03-20
     • words: 6712
     • flesch: 22
     • summary: This study aims to fill this gap by researching small museums in Cyprus and asking the following research question: What is the current state of small museum collections online in Cyprus, and what challenges do they face in democratizing their collections online? The NEMO report in 2020 showed that insufficient staff is another major obstacle for museum digitization and online accessibility.36 Small museums are understaffed.37 This is confirmed by Gallery Systems, who noted that small museums face their own set of collection challenges.38 With smaller team sizes and limited staff hours, it is difficult to operate.
     • keywords: collections; current; information; museums; online; respondent; small; small museums; web
     • versions: original; plain text
202. ital-14141
     • author: Guo, Yajun; Yang, Zinan; Yuan, Yiming; Ma, Huifang; Liu, Yan Quan
     • title: Contactless Services
     • date: 2022-06-15
     • words: 6927
     • flesch: 46
     • summary: 24 Therefore, a systematic investigation and study of contactless services in public libraries in the pandemic is of great importance for the adaptation and innovation of library services. The emergence of online self -service library services has greatly contributed to the development of equalization and standardization of public library services.
     • keywords: contactless; contactless services; information; libraries; library; public; public libraries; reference; self; services
     • versions: original; plain text
203. ital-14175
     • author: Symulevich, Allison; Hamilton, Mark
     • title: Using Open Access Institutional Repositories to Save the Student Symposium during the COVID-19 Pandemic
     • date: 2022-03-21
     • words: 5542
     • flesch: 40
     • summary: College campuses began delivering remote instruction in a matter of days and organizers of student research symposiums around the country were forced either to cancel or reimagine the events. The authors hope in-person events will eventually return; however, these online platforms can enhance student research symposiums, providing global access to high-impact student projects.
     • keywords: digital; institutional; research; student; symposium; university
     • versions: original; plain text
204. ital-14291
     • author: Varnum, Kenneth J.
     • title: Letter from the Editor
     • date: 2021-12-20
     • words: 297
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: Our Public Libraries Leading the Way column, “How COVID Affected our Python Class at the Worcester Public Library” by Melody Friendenthal, is a follow up to her 2020 column on moving a library course on the Python programming language from in-person to online for the Worcester (MA) Public Library. Bridging the Gap: Using Linked Data to Improve Discoverability and Diversity in Digital Collections / Jason Boczar, Bonita Pollock, Xiying Mi, and Amanda Yeslibas 4.
     • keywords: library
     • versions: original; plain text
205. ital-14325
     • author: Guo, Yan; Lam, Apple Hiu Ching; Chiu, Dickson K. W.; Ho, Kevin K. W.
     • title: Perceived Quality of Reference Service with WhatsApp
     • date: 2022-09-19
     • words: 6992
     • flesch: 32
     • summary: How can academic libraries increase user satisfaction with WhatsApp reference services? Some studies also stressed that many students welcome WhatsApp as an effective reference service platform.29 However, Friday et al. pointed out that some librarians might not be trained and equipped with proper and up -to- date skills in using social media tools to provide library services effectively and efficiently.30 Further, Aina, Babalola, and Oduwole argued that hurdles such as instructional policies, lack of time, and heavy workloads might cause difficulties in using these tools to provide library services.31 As for evaluation, Mohd Azmi, Noorhidawati, and Yanti Idaya Aspura applied RUSA’s guidelines for the behavioral performance of reference and information service providers to evaluate the perceived importance versus actual practices of WhatsApp reference service from librarians’ perspectives.32 They suggested that although librarians expressed their awareness of the importance of RUSA guidelines, they would not fully comply with the guidelines because of time and other constraints.
     • keywords: chiu; information; libraries; library; reference; reference service; services; whatsapp; whatsapp reference
     • versions: original; plain text
206. ital-14433
     • author: Ullah, Asim; Khusro, Shah; Ullah, Irfan
     • title: Library Management Practices in the Libraries of Pakistan
     • date: 2022-09-19
     • words: 14816
     • flesch: 44
     • summary: CECOS University of Information http://sites.google .com/view/library ✓ ✓  ✓   Lu, Cn, Oh NA OPAC, at, tt NA B NA  ✓ https://pulibrary.edu.pk/ https://pulibrary.edu.pk/ INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY Library of Balochistan University of Information Technology, Engineering & Management Sciences (BUITEMS) https://www.buit ms.edu.pk/library/ Defaulthecandbuit ems.aspx      
     • keywords: information; libraries; library; library management; pakistan; practices; ullah; university; ✓ ✓; ✓ ;  c;  ✓;  
     • versions: original; plain text
207. ital-14683
     • author: Ridley, Michael
     • title: Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI)
     • date: 2022-06-15
     • words: 7159
     • flesch: 23
     • summary: The purpose of XAI is for AI systems to have “the ability to explain their rationale, characterize their strengths and weaknesses, and convey an understanding of how they will behave in the future” 12 and to “enable human users to understand, appropriately trust, and effectively manage the emerging generation of artificially intelligent partners. Typically, proofs are only available for AI systems that use “inherently interpretable” techniques such as rules, decisions trees, or linear regressions.20 Validations are explanations that confirm the veracity of the AI system.
     • keywords: artificial; artificial intelligence; explainable; explainable artificial; explanation; information; intelligence; learning; libraries; machine; systems; xai
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208. ital-14719
     • author: Wu, Annie; Davis-Van Atta, Taylor ; Scott, Bethany; Washington, Anne; Thompson, Santi; Jones, Jerrell ; Weidner, Andrew; Ramirez, A. Laura; Smith, Marian
     • title: Navigating Uncharted Waters
     • date: 2022-09-19
     • words: 7041
     • flesch: 37
     • summary: They summarize the history and routine application of the fair use doctrine in both the creation and dissemination of scholarly works but provide little firm guidance on the matter.10 Indeed, after reviewing the entire body of literature on retrospective thesis and dissertation projects, this remains a practical challenge that any library undertaking a mass digitization project must consider and the associated risks must be accounted for. Phases Task force activities Subteams (*subteam lead) Phase one: preparation Environmental scan Jerrell, Anne, Crystal, Santi*, Bethany Physical theses/dissertations inventory/retention Bethany Copyright permissions and policies Bethany, Annie, Taylor* Purchase equipment Jerrell*, Crystal Phase two: workflow development TD digitization workflow Jerrell, Crystal* TD metadata workflow Anne*, Taylor, Annie TD ingest and publishing workflow Andrew, Taylor TD progress tracking Annie, Andrew Preservation/storage strategy Bethany*, Santi Phase three: communication/promotion Promote DTD to colleagues and researchers Taylor*, Santi Communicate progress to staff and users Annie*, Santi* Develop training materials for stakeholders Anne*, Crystal* Phase One: Preparation A subgroup of the TDD Task Force conducted an environmental scan of similar theses and dissertations digitization approaches previously used by other institutions.
     • keywords: copyright; digitization; dissertations; force; libraries; project; task; tdd; theses; university
     • versions: original; plain text
209. ital-14773
     • author: Lund, Brady
     • title: Policy Before Technology
     • date: 2022-03-21
     • words: 1563
     • flesch: 48
     • summary: Technology policy can be a boring subject, but its necessity cannot be overstated for reducing liability and threats to the well-being of patrons, library employees, and property. It is important to have technology policy in place before the INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND LIBRARIES MARCH 2022
     • keywords: policy; technology
     • versions: original; plain text
210. ital-14801
     • author: Vargas Ochoa, Isabel
     • title: A Library Website Migration
     • date: 2022-12-19
     • words: 4047
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: This article provides a background on the migration of the California State University (CSU), Stanislaus library website from an open-source platform to a content management system specifically designed for library websites. Generally, the difference observed between both platforms is that LibGuides CMS is a content management system primarily designed and maintained for library websites, whereas Drupal is a framework for all sites, including highly customized websites.
     • keywords: cms; design; library; website
     • versions: original; plain text
211. ital-14881
     • author: Varnum, Kenneth J.; Kelly, Marisha C.
     • title: Letter from the Editors (March 2022)
     • date: 2022-03-21
     • words: 485
     • flesch: 22
     • summary: Local Hosting of Faculty-Created Open Education Resources / Joseph Letriz Kenneth J. Varnum, Editor Marisha C. Kelly, Assistant Editor varnum@umich.edu mkelly@ncu.edu https://www.ala.org/news/member-news/2022/01/marisha-c-kelly-selected-new-ital-assistant-editor https://drive.google.com/file/d/1-FOY8y5hyHr8Op9wMoUvFc3yz3ctyKEO/view?usp=sharing https://ejournals.bc.edu/index.php/ital/call-for-submissions https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v41i1.14881 Our first issue of 2022 brings the welcome appointment of Marisha C. Kelly as Assistant Editor for the journal.
     • keywords: technology
     • versions: original; plain text
212. ital-14967
     • author: Wang, Yongming
     • title: Using Machine Learning and Natural Language Processing to Analyze Library Chat Reference Transcripts
     • date: 2022-09-19
     • words: 3929
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: In recent years, the library community has begun looking at ways to improve library services by applying AI and machine learning techniques to library data. To follow this technology trend, the library community has begun looking at ways to improve library services by applying AI and ML techniques to library data.
     • keywords: chat; data; library; model; reference
     • versions: original; plain text
213. ital-15097
     • author: Gerrish, Thomas; Kong, Ningning Nicole
     • title: Spatiotemporal Distribution Change of Online Reference During the Time of COVID-19
     • date: 2022-12-19
     • words: 5547
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: We evaluated and compared the information from the spatiotemporal distribution pattern change of online reference patrons before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Online reference at our libraries uses the Springshare platform for synchronous chat service with the university community. COVID-19 has had a measured effect on online reference hours of operation.
     • keywords: covid-19; distribution; fall; library; online; reference
     • versions: original; plain text
214. ital-15101
     • author: Rushton, Erin; Mulligan, Bern
     • title: A Library Website Redesign in the Time of COVID
     • date: 2022-12-19
     • words: 3759
     • flesch: 65
     • summary: THE WEB TEAM The Libraries’ web team is the group that leads website redesign projects and maintains the website. Another aspect of the Libraries’ website redesign project was the content of LibGuides.
     • keywords: libraries; library; redesign; website
     • versions: original; plain text
215. ital-15123
     • author: Ingram-Monteiro, Neah; McKernan, Ro
     • title: An Omeka S Repository for Place- and Land-Based Teaching and Learning
     • date: 2022-09-19
     • words: 5282
     • flesch: 36
     • summary: Baloy had been approached by Ingram-Monteiro (who was in the UBC’s Master of Library and Information Studies program at the time) about supporting Salish Sea Studies during the initial COVID-19 shutdown. Faculty partners worked through the challenges of creating public OER from private, contextual lesson plans and learning objects.11 Given the curricular emphasis on relational accountability in the Salish Sea bioregion, and the central role of Indigenous knowledge holders and ways of knowing in line with land-based education, materials referenced in Salish Sea Studies include Traditional Knowledge of Indigenous nations.
     • keywords: land; learning; omeka; repository; salish; sea; teaching
     • versions: original; plain text
216. ital-15143
     • author: Liu, Yan Quan; Lewis, Sarah
     • title: Services to Mobile Users: The Best Practice from the Top-Visited Public Libraries in the US
     • date: 2023-03-20
     • words: 8218
     • flesch: 56
     • summary: Improved communication with patrons increases exposure to communities who otherwise would not use library services. “Perceived situation efficiency and perceived mobile library quality positively affect intention to use mobile library, demonstrating that both quality and situation efficiency are necessary to satisfy library users’ needs in mobile era.”18
     • keywords: app; information; libraries; library; mobile; public; services; users
     • versions: original; plain text
217. ital-15161
     • author: Lane, Julie
     • title: Gathering Strength to Combat Access Inequality
     • date: 2022-06-15
     • words: 2380
     • flesch: 58
     • summary: Although school boards provided tools to meet the “classroom” requirements, they could not ensure that every single student had access to a high-speed internet connection, nor could they offer school library access remotely. All in all, we processed hundreds of card requests and renewals and were able to powerfully illustrate to teachers how they could meaningfully integrate public library resources into their classrooms, either virtually or physically.
     • keywords: library; public; school
     • versions: original; plain text
218. ital-15201
     • author: Dong, Hanwen
     • title: Supporting Faculty’s Instructional Video Creation Needs for Remote Teaching: A Case Study on Implementing eGlass Technology in a Library Multimedia Studio Space
     • date: 2023-06-19
     • words: 5742
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: EGLASS Context In spring 2021, the manager at the Collaboration & Classroom Technology Services (CCTS) department at the University of Idaho informed the author that they were planning on purchasing several eGlass units for the campus to support faculty’s instructional video creation. At the University of Idaho, seven other colleges on campus owned eGlass alongside the Library, and there has not been any coordinated communications to promote the technology among all locations.
     • keywords: eglass; faculty; lightboard; students; studio; technology; video
     • versions: original; plain text
219. ital-15225
     • author: Varnum, Kenneth J.; Kelly, Marisha C.
     • title: Letter from the Editors (June 2022)
     • date: 2022-06-16
     • words: 509
     • flesch: 31
     • summary: Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI): Adoption and Advocacy / Michael Ridley Kenneth J. Varnum, Editor Marisha C. Kelly, Assistant Editor varnum@umich.edu marisha.librarian@gmail.com Research on Knowledge Organization of Intangible Cultural Heritage Based on Metadata / Qing Fan, Guoxin Tan, Chuanming Sun, and Panfeng Chen 6. Contactless Services: A Survey of the Practices of Large Public Libraries in China / Yajun Guo, Zinan Yang, Yiming Yuan, Huifang Ma, and Yan Quan Liu 7.
     • keywords: editorial
     • versions: original; plain text
220. ital-15383
     • author: Rybin Koob, Amanda; Ibacache Oliva, Kathia Salomé; Williamson, Michael; Lamont-Manfre, Marisha; Hugen, Addison; Dickerson, Amelia
     • title: Tech Tools in Pandemic-Transformed Information Literacy Instruction
     • date: 2022-12-19
     • words: 12031
     • flesch: 48
     • summary: First, we provide an overview of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and digital accessibility definitions, descriptions of screen reading assistive technology, and the current use of tech tools in information literacy instruction for student engagement. Still, knowing that tech tools may enhance engagement is not enough; we should also be asking whether these tech tools are accessible for all students and, if not, what can be done to make them more accessible.
     • keywords: accessibility; digital; information; instruction; issues; padlet; pandemic; screen; tech tools; technology; tools
     • versions: original; plain text
221. ital-15475
     • author: Markman, Chris; Kimura, Kasper; Wallner, Molly
     • title: The First 500 Mistakes You Will Make While Streaming on Twitch.tv
     • date: 2022-09-19
     • words: 1472
     • flesch: 67
     • summary: Your streaming space should not only be distraction free, but also easy to adjust as needed, because your setup will change over time. You will end up spending a considerable amount of time troubleshooting strange quirks that were not there the last time you streamed, or with each new equipment purchase/upgrade.
     • keywords: mistakes; stream
     • versions: original; plain text
222. ital-15559
     • author: Varnum, Kenneth J.; Kelly, Marisha C.
     • title: Letter from the Editors (September 2022)
     • date: 2022-09-19
     • words: 559
     • flesch: 40
     • summary: Library Management Practices in the Libraries of Pakistan: A Detailed Retrospective / Asim Ullah, Shah Khusro, and Irfan Ullah 4. Perceived Quality of WhatsApp Reference Service: A Quantitative Study from User Perspectives / Yan Guo, Apple Hiu Ching Lam, Dickson K. W. Chiu, and Kevin K. W. Ho 3.
     • keywords: library
     • versions: original; plain text
223. ital-15599
     • author: Guo, Jin Xiu; Xu, Gordon
     • title: Decision-Making in the Selection, Procurement, and Implementation of Alma/Primo: The Customer Perspective
     • date: 2023-03-20
     • words: 10621
     • flesch: 45
     • summary: Secondly, due to the limitation of time, space, and number of survey questions, reported data mainly focused on Alma libraries and could not cover migration experiences of libraries migrating to other products or all aspects of system migration. Additional time for data cleaning, workflow design, and training was also needed after the migration to Alma.21 Fu and Fitzgerald studied the effect of LSP staffing models for library systems and technical services by analyzing the software architecture, workflows, and functionality of Voyager and INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND LIBRARIES MARCH 2023 DECISION-MAKING IN THE SELECTION, PROCUREMENT, AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ALMA/PRIMO 5 GUO AND XU Millennium against those realigned in Alma, WMS (Worldshare Management Systems), and Innovative Sierra.
     • keywords: alma; decision; implementation; information; libraries; library; making; migration; primo; procurement; selection; system
     • versions: original; plain text
224. ital-15603
     • author: Santosa, Faizhal Arif
     • title: Exploring Final Project Trends Utilizing Nuclear Knowledge Taxonomy: An Approach Using Text Mining
     • date: 2023-03-20
     • words: 5654
     • flesch: 43
     • summary: In this study, the author tried to classify the collection of final project documents owned by the PINT Library based on BATAN’s knowledge taxonomy. This study is limited to the kNN method and INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND LIBRARIES MARCH 2023 EXPLORING FINAL PROJECT TRENDS UTILIZING NUCLEAR KNOWLEDGE TAXONOMY 13 SANTOSA documents from the BATAN repository, as well as final project documents for PINT students.
     • keywords: documents; final; knowledge; nuclear; project; study; taxonomy
     • versions: original; plain text
225. ital-15701
     • author: Cahill, Maria; Ingram, Erin; Joo, Soohyung
     • title: Technology Integration in Storytime Programs: Provider Perspectives
     • date: 2023-06-19
     • words: 7760
     • flesch: 41
     • summary: Notably, neither the 2014 nor 2018 ALSC survey included questions about the types of technology used in storytimes, nor were respondents asked to explain their thoughts on why or how technology was or was not included in storytime.13 A study conducted in Aotearoa New Zealand collected data about technology use in storytime in three phases: a survey of 25 children’s librarians, interviews with librarians in nine libraries, and a survey of 28 caregivers who attend a library storytime with a young child.14 Slightly more than a quarter of the librarians responding to the survey reported incorporating digital technology such as tablets or e-books into storytime programs. Reaction/success with initial attempt If the provider tried technology integration, the success or failure of that initial attempt influences subsequent attempts 2: “It went over really well.” INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
     • keywords: children; libraries; library; media; programs; storytime; technology; use
     • versions: original; plain text
226. ital-15799
     • author: Park, Haram; Kim, Haklae
     • title: Japanese Military “Comfort Women” Knowledge Graph: Linking Fragmented Digital Records
     • date: 2023-03-20
     • words: 5786
     • flesch: 39
     • summary: The knowledge model proposed herein is the first attempt to describe digital records related INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND LIBRARIES MARCH 2023 JAPANESE MILITARY “COMFORT WOMEN” KNOWLEDGE GRAPH 14 PARK AND KIM to Japanese military “comfort women”; thus, it can serve as a starting point for discussing a comprehensive model for describing fragmented digital records worldwide. So far, a standard or a common guideline for describing digital records is not formalized.
     • keywords: comfort; comfort women; digital; japanese military; knowledge; records; women
     • versions: original; plain text
227. ital-16005
     • author: Varnum, Kenneth J.; Kelly, Marisha C.
     • title: Letter from the Editors
     • date: 2022-12-19
     • words: 457
     • flesch: 26
     • summary: With best wishes for 2023, Kenneth J. Varnum, Editor Marisha C. Kelly, Assistant Editor varnum@umich.edu marisha.librarian@gmail.com From the tools we use internally for project management to those we provide to our public service colleagues, it seems no aspect of library technology has been untouched.
     • keywords: tools
     • versions: original; plain text
228. ital-16253
     • author: Jill Locascio; Dejah Rubel
     • title: A Tale of Two Tools: Comparing LibKey Discovery to Quicklinks in Primo VE
     • date: 2023-06-19
     • words: 2638
     • flesch: 57
     • summary: RESULTS Of the 254 articles searched, 208 (82%) had LibKey Discovery links present while 129 (52%) had Quicklinks present. Of those Open Access articles, 132 (96%) had LibKey Discovery links present, and 118 (86%) had Quicklinks present.
     • keywords: discovery; libkey; link
     • versions: original; plain text
229. ital-16315
     • author: Mason, David; Ji, Alan
     • title: Virtual Production at Cloud901 in the Memphis Central Library
     • date: 2023-03-20
     • words: 1906
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: Nevertheless, we found a way to achieve a form of virtual production in our space now, as the tools have become quite accessible compared to even a few years ago. There are many ways to exemplify this compatibility, but there is something special about virtual production in particular.
     • keywords: cloud901; production; virtual
     • versions: original; plain text
230. ital-16319
     • author: Varnum, Kenneth J.; Kelly, Marisha C.
     • title: Letter from the Editors: March 2023
     • date: 2023-03-20
     • words: 824
     • flesch: 43
     • summary: If you are interested in furthering the scholarly record for library technology and have a background in information technology in libraries, archives, or museums, this is an exciting opportunity to contribute to the profession and engage with colleagues across all types of organizations in examining the role of technology in libraries. Members of the Board have several key responsibilities: • Shaping the direction and strategy for the journal; • Participating in online Editorial Board meetings; • Soliciting contributions to the journal (based on personal networking, conference attendance, etc.); and • Optionally reviewing articles submitted to the journal, for those who want to be involved at an even deeper level (see the peer reviewer job description).
     • keywords: board; libraries
     • versions: original; plain text
231. ital-16617
     • author: Varnum, Kenneth J.; Kelly, Marisha C.
     • title: Letter from the Editors: June 2023
     • date: 2023-06-19
     • words: 692
     • flesch: 48
     • summary: • Articles published in ITAL (and our two sibling journals, Library Leadership and Management and Library Resources and Technical Services) will continue to be Open Access with no fees charged to authors or readers. https://ejournals.bc.edu/index.php/ital/call-for-submissions mailto:varnum@umich.edu mailto:marisha.librarian@gmail.com ITAL Will Move to a New Host this Summer Editorial Board Membership Update Be a Part of a Future Issue
     • keywords: board; new
     • versions: original; plain text
232. ital-16619
     • author: Mary Carrier
     • title: Community-Driven Programming: Offering Coding and Robotics Classes in Your Library
     • date: 2023-06-19
     • words: 2408
     • flesch: 65
     • summary: If there are other programs currently offered, who are the participants in the program? What started out as a few weeks of experiential learning, turned into seven years of coding and robotics classes for third mailto:mcarrier@mvls.info INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND LIBRARIES JUNE 2023 COMMUNITY-DRIVEN PROGRAMMING 2 CARRIER grade through high school students with the addition of programs for kindergarten through second graders in later years.
     • keywords: coding; community; programming
     • versions: original; plain text
233. ital-1764
     • author: Morton-Owens, Emily G.
     • title: Editorial and Technological Workflow Tools to Promote Website Quality
     • date: 2011-09-02
     • words: 5241
     • flesch: 57
     • summary: Ideally, every librarian job description would include working with users and would mention writing website content as an important forum for that. Further, they found that the first perceived error had a greater negative impact than addi- tional problems did, and they described website users as “quite critical, negative, and unforgiving.”5
     • keywords: content; library; quality; website; workflow
     • versions: original; plain text
234. ital-1765
     • author: Cuddy, Colleen
     • title: President's Message: Reflections on Membership
     • date: 2011-09-02
     • words: 1290
     • flesch: 61
     • summary: LITA members have real jobs and friends, family, and other social responsibilities that keep us busy. I know that I can call on my LITA colleagues to serve as references and reviewers as I move through my career.
     • keywords: lita; members
     • versions: original; plain text
235. ital-1766
     • author: Truitt, Marc
     • title: Editorial: Koyaanisqatsi
     • date: 2011-09-02
     • words: 2218
     • flesch: 65
     • summary: But I firmly believe that library technology is not an end in itself. Those seeking to reimagine library spaces as refuges could hardly do better than to look to Jasper Fforde’s magical BookWorld in the Thursday Next series for inspira- tion.3 Stuffy academics and special libraries take note: Library magic is not something restricted to children’s rooms in public libraries.
     • keywords: balance; libraries
     • versions: original; plain text
236. ital-1767
     • author: Witt, Michael
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: Eating Our Own Dogfood
     • date: 2011-09-02
     • words: 931
     • flesch: 65
     • summary: Whether we are evaluating new integrated library systems or choosing the default text editor for our workstations, we are presented with opportunities to learn more about how our libraries accomplish work “on the ground” and reconsider the role that technology can play in helping them. Those of us working in information technology have a tremendous impact on library staff productivity by vir- tue of the systems we select or develop and implement.
     • keywords: work
     • versions: original; plain text
237. ital-1768
     • author: Kim, Yongi-Mi
     • title: Factors Affecting University Library Website Design
     • date: 2011-09-02
     • words: 5534
     • flesch: 39
     • summary: We meet users’ needs We provide better services via the website We satisfy users’ needs We provide quality services Our library is overall successful 1, 2 Website success measures from website users It lets me finish my project more quickly It helps improve my productivity It helps enhance the quality of my project The extent to which users integrate website library resources into users’ tasks* Frequency of users’ visits to university library website** 3, 41, 43 all items are measured with a likert scale: 1 not really; 2: somewhat; and 3: greatly. * measured by percentage **measured by frequency Figure 2. Institutional Forces FActors AFFectiNG uNiversitY liBrArY WeBsite DesiGN | kiM 103 percent of respondents reported that they consult with web experts; over 70 percent responded that they inte- grate input from other divisions; and around 70 percent consult with webmasters. Because one of the contributions of this study is to compare users’ and designers’ perceptions of website success, the samples are drawn from two groups: one is from university library website designers and the other one is from university library users.
     • keywords: designers; information; library; university; users; website
     • versions: original; plain text
238. ital-1769
     • author: Foasberg, Nancy M.
     • title: Adoption of E-Book Readers Among College Students: A Survey
     • date: 2011-09-02
     • words: 9894
     • flesch: 60
     • summary: According to the 2010 Pew Internet and American Life survey, 5 percent of Americans own e-book readers. Most do not provide the ability to copy and paste into another document, have To learn whether e-book readers have become widely pop- ular among college students, this study surveys students at one large, urban, four-year public college.
     • keywords: book; book readers; devices; readers; students; survey; use
     • versions: original; plain text
239. ital-1770
     • author: Riley-Huff, Debra A.; Rholes, Julia M.
     • title: Librarians and Technology Skill Acquisition: Issues and Perspectives
     • date: 2011-09-02
     • words: 8568
     • flesch: 45
     • summary: With regards to the status of technology course offerings in LIS programs, there has been a significant increase in the number of technology- related courses, but the numbers of technology courses Table 12. Dillon and Norris rallied against the library vs. information science argu- ment as a premise, which has no bearing on the reality of what is happening in LIS and does nothing but create yet another distracting disagreement over labels.10 Others argued for the increasing inclusion of technology courses in LIS education, as Estabrook put it, Librarianship without a strong linkage to technology (and it’s capacity to extend our work) will become a mastodon.
     • keywords: courses; education; information; librarians; library; lis; survey; technology
     • versions: original; plain text
240. ital-1771
     • author: Farney, Tabatha A.
     • title: Click Analytics: Visualizing Website Use Data
     • date: 2011-09-02
     • words: 5164
     • flesch: 54
     • summary: Laura B. Cohen’s study encourages libraries to use their website usage data to enhance their understanding of how visitors access and use library websites.2 Jeanie M. Welch further recommends that all Click Analytics: Visualizing Website Use Data Editor’s Note: This paper is adapted from a presentation given at the 2010 LITA Forum Click analytics is a powerful tech- nique that displays what and where users are clicking on a webpage help- ing libraries to easily identify areas of high and low usage on a page with- out having to decipher website use data sets. Avinash Kaushik, Web Analytics 2.0: The Art of Online Accountability and Science of Customer Centricity (Indianapolis: Wiley, 2010): 81–83.
     • keywords: analytics; click; data; page; web
     • versions: original; plain text
241. ital-1830
     • author: Ghaphery, Jimmy; White, Erin
     • title: Library Use of Web-based Research Guides
     • date: 2008-03-01
     • words: 3891
     • flesch: 54
     • summary: SELECTED LITERATURE REVIEW While there has been significant research on library research guides, there has not been a recent survey either of the overall landscape or of librarian attitudes and practices. Hopefully these questions serve as a call for continued technical engagement with library research guides.
     • keywords: guides; library; research
     • versions: original; plain text
242. ital-1844
     • author: Sosa-Sosa, Victor Jesus; Hernandez-Ramirez, Emigdio M.
     • title: A File Storage Service on a Cloud Computing Environment for Digital Libraries
     • date: 2012-12-12
     • words: 4963
     • flesch: 50
     • summary: Currently, it is possible to find several examples of public cloud storage, such as Amazon S3 (http://aws.amazon.com/en/s3), RackSpace (http://www.rackspace.com/cloud/public/files), and Google Storage (https://developers.google.com/storage), each of which provide high availability, fault tolerance, and services and administration at low cost. Data availability relates to the replication technique the Amazon infrastructure uses.10 There also are solutions that take advantage of public cloud storage using replication techniques based on RAID, for example Redundant Array of Cloud Storage (RACS), a proxy located between multiple cloud storage providers and customers.11 RACS distributes data in a way that provides an opportunity for clients to tolerate interruptions in a public cloud storage service or when the price for using such services gets too high.
     • keywords: cloud; data; file; replication; service; storage
     • versions: original; plain text
243. ital-1848
     • author: Dodsworth, Eva; Nicholson, Andrew
     • title: Academic Uses of Google Earth and Google Maps in a Library Setting
     • date: 2012-06-12
     • words: 5795
     • flesch: 55
     • summary: Although many libraries are now using Google Maps and Google Earth technology, the authors were surprised that many were not actively leveraging this expertise across their campuses. 3 Michael Vandenburg, “Using Google Maps as an interface for the Library Catalogue” Library Hi- Tech 26 (2008): 33-40.
     • keywords: earth; google; libraries; library; mapping; maps
     • versions: original; plain text
244. ital-1855
     • author: Fagan, Jody Condit; Mandernach, Meris A.; Nelson, Carl S.; Paulo, Jonathan R.; Saunders, Grover
     • title: Usability Test Results for a Discovery Tool in an Academic Library
     • date: 2008-03-01
     • words: 13224
     • flesch: 55
     • summary: Perhaps users faced with discovery tool results simply have no motivation to click on additional database results. What role do institutional repositories play in the suite of library tools, and how does the discovery tool connect to them (or include them?)
     • keywords: discovery; libraries; library; participants; results; search; study; task; test; tool; usability; users
     • versions: original; plain text
245. ital-1857
     • author: Farnel, Sharon
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: Tools of the Trade
     • date: 2008-03-01
     • words: 983
     • flesch: 74
     • summary: And all of the team members had, in recent days, seen various e-mail messages about new tools and applications that might be useful in our environment. Our metadata team has set up a “test bench,” a workstation that we can all use and share for trying new tools.
     • keywords: tools
     • versions: original; plain text
246. ital-1859
     • author: McDermott, Abigail J.
     • title: Copyright: Regulation Out of Line with our Digital Reality?
     • date: 2008-03-01
     • words: 6541
     • flesch: 44
     • summary: Fair use, a statutory exception to U.S. copyright law, is a complex subject, but a brief examination of the principle gets to the heart of copyright law itself. The fact that University of Michigan Associate University Librarian John Price Wilkin was forced to assure the public that “no copyrighted books were made accessible to any students” illustrates the absurdity in arguing over whether it’s right to digitize books that are no longer even accessible in their printed form.20 LIBRARIES, DIGITIZATION, AND COPYRIGHT LAW: THE QUIET CRISIS While one can debate if U.S. copyright law is still oriented toward the public good, the more relevant question in this context is the effect copyright law has on the library profession.
     • keywords: copyright; copyright law; digital; google; law; library; use; works
     • versions: original; plain text
247. ital-1861
     • author: Neugebauer, Tomasz; Han, Bin
     • title: Batch Ingesting into EPrints Digital Repository Software
     • date: 2008-03-01
     • words: 3212
     • flesch: 47
     • summary: AND LIBRARIES | MARCH 2012 121 '260a' => 'place_of_pub', '260b' => 'publisher', '260c' => 'date', '300a' => 'pages_aacr', '362a' => 'volume', '440a' => 'series', '440c' => 'volume', '440x' => 'issn', '520a' => 'abstract', '730a' => 'publication', }; $c->{marc}->{'EPrints::Plugin::Import::MARC::ConcordiaTheses'}->{constants} = { # MARC to EPrints constants 'type' => 'thesis', 'institution' => 'Concordia University', 'date_type' => 'submitted', }; BATCH INGESTING INTO EPRINTS DIGITAL REPOSITORY SOFTWARE| NEUGEBAUER AND HAN 122 Appendix B. attach_documents.pl #!/usr/bin/perl -I/opt/eprints3 This paper describes the batch importing strategy and workflow used for the import of theses metadata and PDF documents into the EPrints digital repository software.
     • keywords: eprints; import; marc
     • versions: original; plain text
248. ital-1863
     • author: Cuddy, Colleen
     • title: President's Message: Data Discovery
     • date: 2011-12-01
     • words: 1518
     • flesch: 60
     • summary: In fields such as public health and urban planning, government data alongside research data is used to predict trends, forecast, make decisions, etc. As librarians move from collecting and catalog- ing bibliographic information new roles have emerged in data discovery, in its preservation, and in helping to make data more accessible.
     • keywords: actual; data
     • versions: original; plain text
249. ital-1864
     • author: Truitt, Marc
     • title: Outgoing Editor's Column: Parting Thoughts
     • date: 2011-12-01
     • words: 2215
     • flesch: 64
     • summary: Truitt Marc truitt (marc.truitt@ualberta.ca) is Associate university Librarian, Bibliographic and Information Technology services, university of Alberta Libraries, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, and Editor of ITAL. Oversight and quality control are still up to us, and it simply will not wash with patrons today, next year, or a century from now to be told that a collection or service is unacceptably substan- dard because we outsourced it.
     • keywords: editor; ital
     • versions: original; plain text
250. ital-1865
     • author: Gerrity, Robert
     • title: Incoming Editor's Column: Ch-ch-ch-ch-changes (turn and face the strain)
     • date: 2011-12-01
     • words: 827
     • flesch: 54
     • summary: | GerritY 155 Bob Gerrity G reetings ITAL readers. Which brings me to why I’m taking on the role of editor of ITAL.
     • keywords: ital
     • versions: original; plain text
251. ital-1866
     • author: Dehmlow, Mark
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: Sharing Responsibility in the Digital Age
     • date: 2011-12-01
     • words: 869
     • flesch: 57
     • summary: In the end, it is really important for all areas to be responsible for trying out new systems, even if those responsible are doing more outreach than simple general calls for participation. In some ways, those deploying new systems have the greater onus in this relationship in that they are driving many of the effort; this is especially critical for changes that have broad impact.
     • keywords: new
     • versions: original; plain text
252. ital-1867
     • author: Powell, James E.; Alcazar, Daniel A.; Hopkins, Matthew; McMahon, Tamara M.; Wu, Amber; Collins, Linn; Olendorf, Robert
     • title: Graphs in Libraries: A Primer
     • date: 2011-12-01
     • words: 8584
     • flesch: 53
     • summary: Graphs that represent two relationships (bipartite) or more are typically reduced to unipartite graphs in the process of exploring them because the vast majority of techniques for evaluating graphs were developed for graphs that address a single relationship between a set of nodes. ■■ Global Properties of Graphs There are other aspects of graphs to consider, sometimes referred to as “global graph properties.
     • keywords: centrality; complex; data; graphs; libraries; networks; nodes; relationships; web
     • versions: original; plain text
253. ital-1868
     • author: Murray, Ronald J.; Tillett, Barbara B.
     • title: Cataloging Theory in Search of Graph Theory and Other Ivory Towers
     • date: 2011-12-01
     • words: 9322
     • flesch: 34
     • summary: As a result, resource description graphs are readily cre- ated and transformed to serve theoretical—and with greater experience in thinking and programming along graph-friendly lines, practical—ends. Employing this strategy benefits two groups: ■■ Workers in the cultural heritage realm, who will acquire a broadened perspective on their resource description activities, who will be better prepared to handle new forms of creative expressions as they appear, and who will be able to shape the develop- ment of information systems that support more sophisticated types of resource descriptions and ways of exploring those descriptions.
     • keywords: bibliographic; cataloging; cultural; description; figure; graph; heritage; information; resource; resource description; theory
     • versions: original; plain text
254. ital-1869
     • author: Black, Elizabeth L.
     • title: Selecting a Web Content Management System for an Academic Library Website
     • date: 2011-12-01
     • words: 3808
     • flesch: 56
     • summary: In 2009 John Harney noted, “There are few technologies as prolific as web content management systems. Web content management is the discipline of collect- ing, organizing, categorizing, and structuring information that is to be delivered on a website.
     • keywords: cms; content; management; web
     • versions: original; plain text
255. ital-1870
     • author: Hubble, Ann; Murphy, Deborah A.; Perry, Susan Chesley
     • title: From Static and Stale to Dynamic and Collaborative: The Drupal Difference
     • date: 2011-12-01
     • words: 4205
     • flesch: 59
     • summary: Finally, we provide a list of resources and modules for beginning and inter- mediate Drupal users. The process we follow from our sandbox site to our production site is described in more detail in appendix A. Transition Team Training We had three types of Drupal users within the library: system admin- istrators, developers, and staff (the primary content editors); each group had its own training needs.
     • keywords: content; drupal; library; website
     • versions: original; plain text
256. ital-1871
     • author: Han, Yan
     • title: Cloud Computing: Case Studies and Total Cost of Ownership
     • date: 2011-12-01
     • words: 6552
     • flesch: 59
     • summary: Current Linux distributions work with Eucalyptus to provide private cloud services such Ubuntu Enterprise Cloud and Red Hat’s Deltacloud. Giving the above different nature of IT operations and services, cloud computing may be suitable for some IT operations but not for others.
     • keywords: aws; cloud; computing; google; services; storage; web
     • versions: original; plain text
257. ital-1880
     • author: Pittsley, Kate A; Memmott, Sara
     • title: Improving Independent Student Navigation of Complex Educational Web Sites: An Analysis of Two Navigation Design Changes in LibGuides
     • date: 2012-09-10
     • words: 5222
     • flesch: 55
     • summary: RESEARCH QUESTION AND METHOD Could design changes improve independent student use of LibGuides tab navigation? Both sets of experimental guides showed an increase in use of secondary guide pages after the changes were applied whereas a comparison group with no navigation changes showed no significant change in usage patterns.
     • keywords: design; group; guides; navigation; pages; tabs
     • versions: original; plain text
258. ital-1913
     • author: Pendell, Kimberly D.; Bowman, Michael S.
     • title: Usability Study of a Library's Mobile Website: An Example from Portland State University
     • date: 2012-06-12
     • words: 6716
     • flesch: 50
     • summary: The Library Success wiki, which tracks libraries with mobile websites, shows an 66 percent increase in the number of academic libraries in the United States and Canada with mobile websites from August 2010 to August 2011.3 We reviewed articles about mobile websites in the professional library science literature and found that mobile website usability testing is only briefly mentioned. The 2010 survey also showed that an additional 11.3 percent of students intended to purchase an Internet-capable handheld device within the next year.2 In this environment academic libraries have been scrambling to address the proliferation of student owned mobile devices, thus the number of mobile library websites is growing.
     • keywords: library; mobile; mobile website; participants; test; usability; user; website
     • versions: original; plain text
259. ital-1914
     • author: Wang, Yongming; Dawes, Trevor A
     • title: The Next Generation Integrated Library System: A Promise Fulfilled?
     • date: 2012-09-10
     • words: 4243
     • flesch: 48
     • summary: This article examines the state of library systems today and describes the features needed in a next-generation library system. • Greater interoperability of systems, pertaining to the systems within the library (including components from vendors, open source communities, and homegrown systems) and beyond (enterprise-level systems such as courseware and university portals, and shared library systems such as OCLC).
     • keywords: generation; libraries; library; resources; systems
     • versions: original; plain text
260. ital-1916
     • author: Vaughan, Jason
     • title: Investigations into Library Web-Scale Discovery Services
     • date: 2008-03-01
     • words: 19878
     • flesch: 53
     • summary: Still, some important insights were gained about the specific products and, at the larger level, discovery services as a whole. As noted earlier, discovery services are changing rapidly in the sense of interface updates, customization options, and scope of content.
     • keywords: content; discovery; discovery services; discovery task; force; information; libraries; library; local; platform; scale discovery; search; services; task; vendor; web
     • versions: original; plain text
261. ital-1917
     • author: Gartner, Richard
     • title: METS as an 'Intermediary' Schema for a Digital Library of Complex Scientific Multimedia
     • date: 2012-09-10
     • words: 4338
     • flesch: 40
     • summary: An alternative approach adopted here uses the technique of employing METS files as intermediary schemas to act as templates from which METS-encoded packages for delivery can be generated. METS itself offers the possibility of aggregating other METS files through its <mptr> (METS pointer) element: this element, always a direct child of a <div> element in the structural map, references a METS file that contains metadata on the digital content represented by this <div>.
     • keywords: digital; file; mets
     • versions: original; plain text
262. ital-1918
     • author: Lynch, Clifford
     • title: Guest Editorial
     • date: 2008-03-01
     • words: 341
     • flesch: 38
     • summary: It’s a decision that will, I believe, make the journal much more visible, and a more attractive venue for authors; it will also make it easier to use in educational settings, and to further the interactions between librarians, information scientists, computer scientists, and members of other disciplines. AND LIBRARIES | MARCH 2012 3 Congratulations LITA and Information Technology and Libraries.
     • keywords: information
     • versions: original; plain text
263. ital-1919
     • author: Morton-Owens, Emily G; Hanson, Karen L
     • title: Trends at a Glance: A Management Dashboard of Library Statistics
     • date: 2012-09-10
     • words: 5600
     • flesch: 61
     • summary: It also inserts a record into the user transactions table, which will be discussed in the section on user data. Several charts draw on EZproxy log data that has been analyzed and linked to other databases to reveal use by different academic departments and user roles (such as faculty or student).
     • keywords: chart; dashboard; data; information; library; number; user
     • versions: original; plain text
264. ital-1926
     • author: Schlosser, Melanie; Stamper, Brian
     • title: Learning to Share: Measuring Use of a Digitized Collection on Flickr and in the IR
     • date: 2012-09-10
     • words: 5077
     • flesch: 53
     • summary: Image collections like the one used in this study make up a small percentage of the items in the repository. Established in 2005, it holds more than 45,000 items, including faculty and student research, gray literature, institutional records, and digitized library collections.
     • keywords: collection; digital; flickr; library; usage; use
     • versions: original; plain text
265. ital-1927
     • author: Cuddy, Colleen
     • title: President's Message: Open Access/Open Data
     • date: 2008-03-01
     • words: 923
     • flesch: 52
     • summary: The number of new journals being offered electronically only is growing and I believe we are beginning to see a decline in the dual publishing model of publishers and societies offering both print and online journals. To see ITAL go open access in my presidential year is extremely gratifying.
     • keywords: access; open
     • versions: original; plain text
266. ital-1928
     • author: Gerrity, Robert
     • title: Editor's Comments
     • date: 2008-03-01
     • words: 378
     • flesch: 51
     • summary: We’ll also be exploring ways to better integrate the ITALica blog and the ITAL preprints site with the main site. Our goal is to have all of the back issues of both ITAL and its predecessor, Journal of Library Automation (JOLA), openly available from the ITAL site.
     • keywords: ital
     • versions: original; plain text
267. ital-1930
     • author: Ward, David; Hahn, Jim; Feist, Kirsten
     • title: Autocomplete as Research Tool: A Study on Providing Search Suggestions
     • date: 2012-12-12
     • words: 5764
     • flesch: 50
     • summary: Autocomplete Implementation implementing autocompletion on the front end of a search affected providing search suggestions on the back end (search result pages). This includes having results displayed in a way that is easily ignored if students want to type in an entire search phrase themselves, and having the presentation and selection of search suggestions done in a way that is easy to read and quick to be selected.
     • keywords: autocomplete; library; research; search; suggestions; use
     • versions: original; plain text
268. ital-1941
     • author: Boberić Krstićev, Danijela
     • title: Information Retrieval Using a Middleware Approach
     • date: 2013-03-30
     • words: 5867
     • flesch: 41
     • summary: AND LIBRARIES | MARCH 2013 56 RELATED WORK A common approach for adding SRU support to library systems, most of which already support, the Z39.50 search protocol,5 has been to use existing software architecture that supports the Z39.50 protocol. The basic role of the wrapper component is to transform queries received from the mediator into queries supported by library system.
     • keywords: component; library; query; server; system; z39.50
     • versions: original; plain text
269. ital-1946
     • author: Park, Eun G; Oh, Sam
     • title: Examining Attributes of Open Standard File Formats for Long-term Preservation and Open Access
     • date: 2012-12-12
     • words: 8446
     • flesch: 38
     • summary: Some institutions adopt another term, standard file formats, to differentiate accepted and recommended file formats from others. Echoing the LC, Hodge and Anderson also suggest a list of selection criteria that have been grouped under the banner of “technical factors”: disclosure, adoption, transparency, self-documentation, external dependencies, impact of patents, and technical protection mechanisms.27 Researchers agree that open standard file formats are less obsolete and more reliable than proprietary formats.28 Close examination of the NISIS definition mentioned above reveals that standard file formats are in reality not free, nor do they allow unrestricted access to resources.
     • keywords: file; file formats; formats; open; pdf; preservation; term; yes
     • versions: original; plain text
270. ital-2161
     • author: Cyzyk, Mark
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: Doesn't Work
     • date: 2012-06-12
     • words: 1285
     • flesch: 61
     • summary: Our programming languages, application servers, Web application frameworks, AJAX libraries, integrated development environments, source-code repositories, build tools, testing harnesses, switches, routers, single-signon utilities, proxy servers, link resolvers, repositories, bibliographic management utilities, help-desk ticketing applications, and elaborate project-management protocols are all for naught if the final product of our labor, at the end of the day, doesn’t work. It now occurs to me, though, that this notion of “work” is precisely the point of technology, and that sometimes this gets lost for those of us employed fulltime as technologists in libraries.
     • keywords: technology; work
     • versions: original; plain text
271. ital-2163
     • author: Groza, Tudor; Grimnes, AAstrand; Handschuh, Siegfried
     • title: Reference Information Extraction and Processing Using Random Conditional Fields
     • date: 2012-06-12
     • words: 6557
     • flesch: 54
     • summary: We plan to develop a flexible consolidation mechanism by dynamically generating and executing SPARQL queries from chunked reference fields and filtering the results via two string approximation metrics (a combination of Monge-Elkan and Chapman Soundex algorithms). In this paper we present an approach that aims at dealing with this aspect of extraction and processing of reference information.
     • keywords: dataset; extraction; fields; information; reference
     • versions: original; plain text
272. ital-2164
     • author: Williamson, Stuart
     • title: Public Library Computer Waiting Queues: Alternatives to the First-Come-First-Served Strategy
     • date: 2012-06-12
     • words: 3662
     • flesch: 62
     • summary: Our results demonstrate that the SJF strategy is generally best for minimizing overall average waiting time as well as for getting customers needing the least amount of computer time online the fastest. The information about each session required for the simulation includes the time at which the user arrived to sign up for a computer, the number of minutes it took the user to log in once assigned a computer, how many minutes of computer time were used, whether or not this was the user’s first or a subsequent session for the day, and finally, whether the user gave up waiting and abandoned his/her place in the queue.
     • keywords: computer; priority; waiting
     • versions: original; plain text
273. ital-2165
     • author: Hessel, Heather; Fransen, Janet
     • title: Resource Discovery: Comparative Results on Two Catalog Interfaces
     • date: 2012-06-12
     • words: 7952
     • flesch: 61
     • summary: Library staff made up 13 percent of MNCAT Classic respondents and 4 percent of MNCAT Plus respondents, although the actual number of library staff responding was nearly identical (twenty-one for MNCAT Plus, twenty for MNCAT Classic). One cannot assume that MNCAT users in general also would have an 86 percent perception of success were they to use MNCAT Classic; familiarity with the tool could play a part in MNCAT Classic users’ success.
     • keywords: classic; mncat; respondents;  
     • versions: original; plain text
274. ital-2166
     • author: Dresselhaus, Angela; Shrode, Flora
     • title: Mobile Technologies & Academics: Do Students Use Mobile Technologies in Their Academic Lives and are Librarians Ready to Meet this Challenge?
     • date: 2012-06-12
     • words: 6769
     • flesch: 51
     • summary: At USU we interpret the numbers of students who use mobile devices for academic purposes as justification for implementing mobile library access, but we have not set a benchmark for a degree of interest that would trigger more development. Results from the first survey helped us to gain insight into where students at Utah State University (USU) in Logan, Utah, stand regarding their use of mobile devices for academic activities in general and their desire for access to library services and resources in particular.
     • keywords: access; devices; libraries; library; mobile; services; students; use
     • versions: original; plain text
275. ital-2167
     • author: Kastellec, Mike
     • title: Practical Limits to the Scope of Digital Preservation
     • date: 2012-06-12
     • words: 3684
     • flesch: 42
     • summary: The author takes a wide-ranging approach to shed light on limitations to the scope of digital preservation. The author proposes a nested model of constraints to the scope of digital preservation and concludes that costs are digital preservation’s most pervasive limitation.
     • keywords: access; digital; information; limitations; preservation
     • versions: original; plain text
276. ital-2230
     • author: Cuddy, Colleen
     • title: President's Message: The Year in Review--Everything Open
     • date: 2012-06-12
     • words: 1065
     • flesch: 65
     • summary: Sometimes the challenges were ideological or legal, and sometimes the very technology that we embrace has caused problems, but I think it is safe to say that LITA leadership is working towards a common goal of a transparent structure with open communication channels. The team did an outstanding job on this project and completed the deliverable on time, with very little guidance from LITA leadership—a sure sign of leadership!
     • keywords: lita; open
     • versions: original; plain text
277. ital-2241
     • author: Chan, Ian; Ly, Pearl; Meulemans, Yvonne Nalani
     • title: Extending IM beyond the Reference Desk: A Case Study on the Integration of Chat Reference and Library-Wide Instant Messaging Network
     • date: 2012-09-10
     • words: 6634
     • flesch: 45
     • summary: Nicole Johnston, “Improving the Reference and Information Experience of Students in Regional Areas—Does an Instant Messaging Service Make a Difference?” (paper presented at 4th ALIA New Librarians Symposium, December 5–6, 2008, Melbourne, Australia), http://eprints.jcu.edu.au/2076(accessed August 17, 2011); and Alan Cockerill, “Open Source for IM Reference: OpenFire, Fastpath and Spark” (workshop presented at Fair Shake of the Open Source Bottle, Griffith University, Queensland College of Art, Brisbane, Australia, November 20, 2009), http://www.quloc.org.au/download.php?doc_id=6932&site_id=255 (accessed August 4, 2011). Openfire supports internal IM networks at educational institutions such as the University of Pennsylvania, Central Michigan University, and University of California, San Francisco.
     • keywords: chat; information; library; network; openfire; reference; use
     • versions: original; plain text
278. ital-2268
     • author: Singh, Vandana
     • title: Experiences of Migrating to Open Source Integrated Library Systems
     • date: 2013-03-30
     • words: 7434
     • flesch: 65
     • summary: The experiences of librarians are useful for people who are evaluating open- source ILSs as well as those who are in the process of adoption. • Designate a liaison between library staff and developers.
     • keywords: libraries; library; migration; open; source; system
     • versions: original; plain text
279. ital-2284
     • author: Thompson, Susan
     • title: Student Use of Library Computers: Are Desktop Computers Still Relevant in Today's Libraries?
     • date: 2012-12-12
     • words: 6169
     • flesch: 56
     • summary: For example, the University of Tennessee and Indiana University have shown significant increases in gate counts after they implemented their commons.5 While many studies discuss the value of information commons, very few look at why library computers are preferred over computers in other areas on campus. This study’s results make it clear that we can’t just look at data such as ECAR’s, which show high laptop ownership, and assume that means students don’t want or won’t use library computers.
     • keywords: computers; library; percent; students; study; use
     • versions: original; plain text
280. ital-2309
     • author: Thorne Wallington, Elizabeth
     • title: Social Contexts of New Media Literacy: Mapping Libraries
     • date: 2013-12-22
     • words: 4910
     • flesch: 50
     • summary: This paper examines the issue of universal library access by conducting a geospatial analysis of library location and certain socioeconomic factors in the St. Louis, Missouri, metropolitan area. Framed around the issue of universal access to Internet, computers, and technology (ICT) for digital natives, this paper demonstrates patterns of library location related to race and income.
     • keywords: city; libraries; library; literacy; media; new
     • versions: original; plain text
281. ital-2311
     • author: Becker, Danielle A.; Yannotta, Lauren
     • title: Modeling a Library Web Site Redesign Process: Developing a User-Centered Web Site Through Usability Testing
     • date: 2013-03-30
     • words: 5994
     • flesch: 58
     • summary: Hulseberg and Monson found in their investigation of student-driven taxonomy for library website design that “by developing our websites based on student-driven taxonomy for library website terminology, features, and organization, we can create sites that allow students to get down to the business of conducting research.” Search engines are preferred because of speed, ease of use, convenience, and availability.1 Similar studies such as Emde et al., and Gross and Sheridan, have shown that students are not using library websites to do their research.2 Gross and Sheridan assert in their article on undergraduate search behavior that “although students are provided with library skills sessions, many of them still struggle with the complex interfaces and myriad of choices the library website provides.”
     • keywords: design; information; library; participants; testing; usability; website
     • versions: original; plain text
282. ital-2384
     • author: Surla, Bojana Dimić
     • title: Eclipse Editor for MARC Records
     • date: 2012-09-10
     • words: 3901
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: Some of them support cataloging by direct-editing of MARC record; others have a user interface that enables entering bibliographic data by a user who knows nothing about how MARC records are organized. In this paper we discuss existing approaches in developing user interfaces for editing MARC records.
     • keywords: data; editor; marc; record
     • versions: original; plain text
283. ital-2526
     • author: Porter, Cynthia
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: Appreciation for History
     • date: 2012-09-10
     • words: 909
     • flesch: 71
     • summary: He helped me remember library technology. I graduated from library school in 1989.
     • keywords: library
     • versions: original; plain text
284. ital-2528
     • author: Gerrity, Robert
     • title: Editor's Comments
     • date: 2012-09-10
     • words: 455
     • flesch: 50
     • summary: We also welcome two new members of the Editorial Board: Brad Eden, the Dean of Library Services and Professor of Library Science at Valparaiso University, and Jerome Yavarkovsky, former University Librarian at Boston College, and the 2004 recipient of ALA’s Hugh C. Atkinson Award. Bob Gerrity (r.gerrity@uq.edu.au) is University Librarian, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
     • keywords: library
     • versions: original; plain text
285. ital-2867
     • author: Weessies, Kathleen W.; Dotson, Daniel S.
     • title: Mapping for the Masses: GIS Lite & Online Mapping Tools in Academic Libraries
     • date: 2013-03-30
     • words: 4257
     • flesch: 50
     • summary: An example of the type of map that could be produced from such data using SAS can be seen in figure 4. Figure 4. The level of geography depicted defaults to county level data.
     • keywords: data; gis; lite; map; maps; tools
     • versions: original; plain text
286. ital-2892
     • author: Donahue, Tim
     • title: Animated Subject Maps for Book Collections
     • date: 2013-06-10
     • words: 4448
     • flesch: 57
     • summary: Flash is proprietary software, so the benefits of open source software cannot be utilized with subject maps at this time. A final concern regarding the long-term success of subject maps should be mentioned.
     • keywords: book; libraries; library; map; maps; subject
     • versions: original; plain text
287. ital-2922
     • author: Morris, Ned C.
     • title: Computer Based Acquisitions System at Texas A&I University
     • date: 1968-03-01
     • words: 4281
     • flesch: 77
     • summary: After the change cards have been interpreted by the IBM 548 interpreter, all parts of the orders, the original request cards, and both change cards are delivered to the Li- brary, where order parts are separated and the originals are mailed to their respective dealers. Appreciation is extended also to Mr. R. C. Jane- way, Librarian at Texas Technological College, for submitting some worthy ideas on design of order forms and on acquisitions procedures in general.
     • keywords: card; change; computer; library; order; system
     • versions: original; plain text
288. ital-2923
     • author: Johnson, Richard D.
     • title: A Book Catalog at Stanford
     • date: 1968-03-01
     • words: 17933
     • flesch: 78
     • summary: The catalog, issued an- nually, is in three parts: an author & title catalog, a subject catalog, and a shelf list. Output for the annual author & title catalog and subject catalog from the com- puter printer were to be photographically reduced, offset masters created, and fifty copies printed.
     • keywords: area; author; book catalog; card; catalog; entries; entry; information; library; list; number; order; program; record; shelf; sort; subject; tape; title; title catalog
     • versions: original; plain text
289. ital-2924
     • author: Wedgeworth, Robert
     • title: Brown University Library Fund Accounting System
     • date: 1968-03-01
     • words: 3653
     • flesch: 64
     • summary: The series of order numbers beginning with 900000 was originally reserved for assignment to our standing order agree- ments with presses, societies, etc. · The Outstanding Order File is in ascending algebraic sequence by Fund Group, Fund Code and order number.
     • keywords: card; file; fund; library; order
     • versions: original; plain text
290. ital-2925
     • author: Chapin, Richard E.; Pretzer, Dale H.
     • title: Comparative Costs of Converting Shelf List Records to Machine Readable Form
     • date: 1968-03-01
     • words: 3244
     • flesch: 69
     • summary: Cost figures for converting library records are scarce. The use of paper-tape typewriter for conversion costs more than the other two methods. 3.
     • keywords: conversion; library; record; tape
     • versions: original; plain text
291. ital-2926
     • author: De Gennaro, Richard
     • title: The Development and Administration of Automated Systems in Academic Libraries
     • date: 1968-03-01
     • words: 8119
     • flesch: 51
     • summary: The discussion that follows will deal with one of the most obvious: to contract much of the work out to private research and development firms specializing in library systems. There were no firms or consultants with the requisite knowledge and experience in library systems, and the state of the library automation art was confused and lacking in clear h·ends or direction.
     • keywords: approach; automation; computer; libraries; library; library automation; library systems; systems
     • versions: original; plain text
292. ital-2927
     • author: Auld, Lawrence
     • title: Automated Book Order and Circulation Control Procedures at the Oakland University Library
     • date: 1968-05-31
     • words: 6452
     • flesch: 68
     • summary: AT THE OAKLAND UNIVERSITY LIBRARY Lawrence AULD: Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 93 Automated systems of book order and circulation control using an IBM 1620 Computer are described as developed at Oakland University. Output from the computer is a series of printouts: purchase orders, Library of Congress card orders, Oakland University invoice-vouchers, a complete Fig.
     • keywords: book; card; file; library; number; order; system; university
     • versions: original; plain text
293. ital-2928
     • author: Black, Donald V.
     • title: Creation of Computer Input in an Expanded Character Set
     • date: 1968-05-31
     • words: 4743
     • flesch: 73
     • summary: Catalog cards were only:iii .product of the system, but their production was designed to be as clent as possible within constraints of the system. > ....... Ed «: .'ifJ square, which was not used at Santa Cruz, was not counted.fu ~ All data elements were encoded in fixed card fields; that is, the field for each type of inforrnation had a fixed length, generally 300 characters.
     • keywords: card; catalog; data; library; machine; title
     • versions: original; plain text
294. ital-2929
     • author: Kilgour, Frederick G.
     • title: Costs of Library Catalog Cards Produced by Computer
     • date: 1968-05-31
     • words: 2751
     • flesch: 64
     • summary: Nevertheless, this paper will examine CHY card production costs as though this segment of the system were an isolated procedure, yielding but one product, as is the case in classical library procedures. Nevertheless, other institutions adopted the CHY procedure for catalog card production, among them the Medical Library at the University of Rochester, which used the programs for two years following February, 1966.
     • keywords: cards; catalog; computer
     • versions: original; plain text
295. ital-2930
     • author: Kennedy, R. A.
     • title: Bell Laboratories' Library Real-Time Loan System (BELLREL)
     • date: 1968-05-31
     • words: 7423
     • flesch: 66
     • summary: Comparable systems are in use or planned by other libraries (6,7). 130 Journal of Library Automation Vol. 1/2 June, 1968 Reservations for individuals or other libraries in the network are hand posted on the charge card.
     • keywords: bellrel; book; computer; libraries; library; loan; number; system; time
     • versions: original; plain text
296. ital-2931
     • author: Scott, Jack W.
     • title: An Integrated Computer Based Technical Processing System in a Small College Library
     • date: 1968-08-31
     • words: 2270
     • flesch: 61
     • summary: Output from the Friden consists of the multiple order, a punched paper tape containing the full bibliographic entry but no order information, and tab cards, punched by the slave IBM Key Punch, which contain full order information but only abbreviated bibliographic data. The tab cards, containing full order information, are used as input to the 1440 computer to create an on order file arranged by order 152 /ou·rnal of Library Automation Vol.
     • keywords: library; order; tape
     • versions: original; plain text
297. ital-2932
     • author: Kountz, John C.
     • title: Cost Comparison of Computer Versus Manual Catalog Maintenance
     • date: 1968-08-31
     • words: 5669
     • flesch: 67
     • summary: However, essentially the same burden rate is applicable to both, primarily because of the amortization of computer system development costs, the dollar amount of which approximates the supervisorial an~ administrative costs of the manual system. However, the cost per entry figure for computer assisted file maintenance must also be derived before comparison with the total manual figure of $1.71 per entry is possible.
     • keywords: catalog; cost; entry; file; library
     • versions: original; plain text
298. ital-2933
     • author: Chen, Ching-chih; Kingham, E. Robert
     • title: Subject Reference Lists Produced by Computer
     • date: 1968-08-31
     • words: 5444
     • flesch: 71
     • summary: It was decided that the existing Library Serials Maintenance Form could be used with minor modifications to produce reference lists. Such subject reference lists could be easily generated if the library catalogue were in machine readable form ( 6, 8), but since a computer- ized catalogue was not foreseen at Waterloo for some time to come, the library had to design and develop an independent system to fulfil refer- ence needs.
     • keywords: card; code; engineering; library; list; number; record; reference; subject
     • versions: original; plain text
299. ital-2934
     • author: Murrill, Donald P.
     • title: Production of Library Catalog Cards and Bulletin Using an IBM 1620 Computer and an IBM 870 Document Writing System
     • date: 1968-08-31
     • words: 4862
     • flesch: 74
     • summary: Computerizing the production of catalog cards enables one set of key- punched cards to produce several sets of computer punched cards and, thus, several catalog cards for each book. Another pro· gram produces punched cards which instruct the 870 to type a library accessions bulletin.
     • keywords: cards; catalog; library; statement
     • versions: original; plain text
300. ital-2935
     • author: Balfour, Frederick M.
     • title: Conversion of Bibliographic Information to Machine Readable Form Using On-Line Computer Terminals
     • date: 1968-12-01
     • words: 3546
     • flesch: 63
     • summary: Allowing 350 char- acters per shelf list card, typists were making one error for every 830 keystrokes. Line numbers, as they are stored on the disc, are included on the right margin for ease of explanation.
     • keywords: computer; conversion; information; library; line
     • versions: original; plain text
301. ital-2936
     • author: Ruecking, Jr., Frederick H.
     • title: Bibliographic Retrieval from Bibliographic Input; the Hypothesis and Construction of a Test
     • date: 1968-12-01
     • words: 4013
     • flesch: 63
     • summary: Before the retrieval methodology can be described, it is necessary to outline the compression technique to be used with author and title words. Thus, the uniqueness of a string of title words is reduced to the following chance of duplication: (2.5 X 1.33 )• 3.3• n• or-n 232 Journal of Library Automation Vol.
     • keywords: american; author; data; table; title; words
     • versions: original; plain text
302. ital-2937
     • author: Weil, Cherie B.
     • title: Automatic Retrieval of Biographical Reference Books
     • date: 1968-12-01
     • words: 4814
     • flesch: 61
     • summary: BASIC ASSUMPTIONS The categorizing system was based on two nearly universal generaliza- ti.ons about biographical reference books: 1) They are consistently con- fined to biographies of persons who have something in common: for ex- ample, being alive or dead; or having the same nationality, sex, occupa- tion, religion, race, memberships; or possessing some combination of those attributes. RESULTS To obtain some measure of the program's accuracy, fourteen textbook questions, probably more challenging than the average patron would ask, were submitted to the computer and to a professional librarian who was especially familiar with biographical reference books.
     • keywords: biographical; books; data; reference; sex
     • versions: original; plain text
303. ital-2938
     • author: Nugent, William R.
     • title: Compression Word Coding Techniques for Information Retrieval
     • date: 1968-12-01
     • words: 3669
     • flesch: 63
     • summary: The following principle, not quite a theorem, applies: Considering letters in their normal ordinal alphabetic position, and considering letter transitions to be unidirectional and cyclic, the distribution of transition distances in English words is essentially uniform. ( 22,4,1,16,3,11) letter numbers distances ( 3 ) Associate with each transition distance a corresponding prime number.
     • keywords: code; distance; letters; transition; word
     • versions: original; plain text
304. ital-2939
     • author: Avram, Henriette D.; Droz, Julius R.
     • title: MARC II and COBOL
     • date: 1968-12-01
     • words: 4319
     • flesch: 71
     • summary: Griffin ( 1) expressed his concern by stating, Users will r~quire program- mers skilled in languages other than FORTRAN or COBOL to take ad- vantage of MARC records. 1/ 4 December, 1968 ment within which to test the use of COBOL, it was decided to integrate the analysis of the COBOL language with the task at hand, i.e, the pro- gramming effort required to produce the necessary reports from a mag- netic tape file of MARC records.
     • keywords: data; directory; field; fixed; format; marc; record
     • versions: original; plain text
305. ital-3001
     • author: Tallent, Ed
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: Technology and Mission: Reflections of a First-Year Library Director
     • date: 2012-12-12
     • words: 1364
     • flesch: 50
     • summary: What is perhaps less unique is how these issues of library technology intersect with some very high priority college initiatives and challenges. My library will be working with the appropriate campus offices next year to develop a plan for funding targeted library content for alumni as part of the college’s broader strategic activities to engage alumni.
     • keywords: library; technology
     • versions: original; plain text
306. ital-3002
     • author: Starr, Karen J.
     • title: President's Message: 21st Century Skills, 21st Century Infrastructure
     • date: 2011-06-01
     • words: 792
     • flesch: 43
     • summary: AnD liBrAries | June 2011 recreation, law enforcement and public safety, and social services available in the community ■■ access to electronic encyclopedias, local libraries’ cata- logs, full-text articles online, and document delivery.”2 The results reflected the pub- lic’s interest at that time in the following: ■■ “expert advice on a variety of topics including medi- cine, law, car repair, computer technology, animal husbandry, and gardening ■■ economic development, investment, bank rates, con- sumer product safety, and insurance ■■ community-based information such as events, vol- unteers, local classified advertisements, special interest groups, housing information, public meet- ings, transportation schedules, and local employment opportunities ■■ computer training, foreign language programs, homework service, teacher recertification, school activities, school scheduling, and adult education ■■ electronic mail and the ability to transfer files locally as well as worldwide ■■ access to public records, voting records of legisla- tors, absentee voting, the ability to renew a driver’s license, the rules and regulations from governmental agencies, and taxes ■■ information about hunting and fishing, environmen- tal quality, the local weather, road advisories, sports, Karen J. starr (karen.j.starr@gmail.com) is Lita President 2010-11 and assistant administrator for Library and develop- ment Services, nevada State Library and archives, carson city.
     • keywords: information
     • versions: original; plain text
307. ital-3003
     • author: Truitt, Marc
     • title: Editorial: Singularity--Are We There Yet?
     • date: 2011-06-01
     • words: 3846
     • flesch: 65
     • summary: In this case, “alive enough” was sufficient for the purpose at hand.4 Sometime later, Turkle read and publicly expressed her reservations about British computer scientist David Levy’s book, Love and Sex with Robots, in which Levy pre- dicted that by the middle of this century, Love with robots will be as normal as love with other humans, while the number of sexual acts and lovemak- ing positions commonly practiced between humans will be extended, as robots will teach more than is in all of the world’s published sex manuals combined.5 Contacted by a reporter from Scientific American about her comments regarding Levy’s book, Turkle was stunned when the reporter, equating the possibility of relation- ships between humans and robots with gay and lesbian relationships, accused her of likewise opposing these human-to-human relationships. The first half of Turkle’s book is the history of “socia- ble robots” and our interactions with them.
     • keywords: aboujaoude; ibid; libraries; robots; turkle
     • versions: original; plain text
308. ital-3006
     • author: DeRidder, Jody L.
     • title: Benign Neglect: Developing Life Rafts for Digital Content
     • date: 2011-06-01
     • words: 3077
     • flesch: 44
     • summary: This is an acknowledgment of current resource limitations relative to the burgeon- ing quantities of digital content that need to be preserved. However, a short survey of some of the leading efforts clarifies for even the casual observer that implementation of the proposed standards is beyond many of those who are creating or hosting digital content, particularly because of restrictions on acceptable formats, requirements for extensive metadata in specific XML encodings, need for programmers for implementation, costs for participation, or simply a lack of a clear set of steps for the unini- tiated to follow (examples include: Planets, PREMIS, DCC, CASPAR, iRods, Sound Directions, HathiTrust).1 The deluge of digital content coupled with the lack of funding for digital preservation and exacerbated by the expanding variety of formats, makes the application of extensive standards and extraordinary techniques beyond the reach of the majority.
     • keywords: content; digital; file; preservation; system
     • versions: original; plain text
309. ital-3007
     • author: Zhang, Hong; Smith, Linda C.; Twidale, Michael; Gao, Fang Huang
     • title: Seeing the Wood for the Trees: Enhancing Metadata Subject Elements with Weights
     • date: 2011-06-01
     • words: 3779
     • flesch: 54
     • summary: The fact that weighted indexing has become more prominently needed over the past decade may be related to the shift in the continuum from subject indexing as representation/ surrogate to subject indexing as access points, which is consistent with the shift from a small number of subject terms to more subject terms. Because of the difficulty of selecting words to represent visual/aural sym- bolism, subject indexing for art and cultural objects is usually guided by Panofsky’s three levels of meaning (pre-iconographical, iconographical, and post-iconographical), further refined by Layne in “ofness” and “aboutness” in each level.
     • keywords: indexing; information; metadata; subject; weighting
     • versions: original; plain text
310. ital-3008
     • author: Wang, Fang
     • title: Building an Open Source Institutional Repository at a Small Law School Library: Is it Realistic or Unattainable?
     • date: 2011-06-01
     • words: 3161
     • flesch: 54
     • summary: Greenstone is a tool developed in New Zealand for building and dis- tributing digital library collections. “The Texas Tech University School of Law digital repository,” http://reposi tory.law.ttu.edu/ (accessed Apr. 5, 2011).
     • keywords: digital; law; library; repository
     • versions: original; plain text
311. ital-3012
     • author: Gerrity, Robert
     • title: Editor's Comments
     • date: 2012-12-12
     • words: 381
     • flesch: 47
     • summary: This month’s issue takes some of these themes further, with articles that examine the usability of autocompletion features in library search interfaces (Ward, Hahn, and Feist), reveal patterns of student use of library computers (Thompson), propose a cloud-based digital library storage solution (Sosa-Sosa), and summarize attributes of open standard file formats (Park, Oh). The first volume of JOLA offers a fascinating glimpse into early days of library automation, when many things were different, such as the size (big) and capacity (small) of computer hardware, and many things were the same (e.g., Richard Johnson’s description of the book catalog project at Stanford, where “the major achievement of the preliminary systems design was to establish a meaningful dialogue between the librarian and systems and computer personnel.”
     • keywords: library
     • versions: original; plain text
312. ital-3037
     • author: Starr, Karen J.
     • title: President's Message: Membership, Leadership, Emerging Leaders, and LITA
     • date: 2011-03-01
     • words: 538
     • flesch: 34
     • summary: LITA leadership, including the Membership Development Committee, Committee and Interest Group Chairs, the Education Committee, LITA Emerging Leaders, and others, will be included in an ongoing dialogue to see how and what can be implemented from the LITA Leadership Institute and the LITA Mentorship Program recommendations as submitted by the 2009 Emerging Leaders Team T. Follow-up by LITA to implement the recommendations of emerging leader projects is important to the vitality and longevity of the association. Team members included Amanda Hornby (University of Washington), Angelica Guerrero Fortin (San Diego County Library), Dan Overfield (Cuyahoga Community College), and Lisa Carlucci Thomas (Yale University).
     • keywords: lita
     • versions: original; plain text
313. ital-3038
     • author: Truitt, Marc
     • title: Editorial: "The Air is Full of People"
     • date: 2011-03-01
     • words: 1921
     • flesch: 64
     • summary: eDitOriAl | truitt 3 W ithin the last few months, two provocative books have been published that take different approaches to the question of how we learn in the always-on, always-connected electronic environment of “screens.” Powers then reviews how he and his family used these techniques to regain the sense of control and depth they felt they’d lost to screens.
     • keywords: carr; libraries
     • versions: original; plain text
314. ital-3039
     • author: Porter, Cynthia
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: Is Open Access the Answer?
     • date: 2011-03-01
     • words: 845
     • flesch: 56
     • summary: I like the definition provided by EnablingOpenScholarship: Open Access is the immediate (upon or before publica- tion), online, free availability of research outputs with- out any of the restrictions on use commonly imposed by publisher copyright agreements.1 My focus on OA journals increased precipitously when the licensing for a popular American weekly medi- cal journal changed. The number of OA journals is increasing, and I believe we will continue to see that the articles are reach- ing readers and making a difference.
     • keywords: access
     • versions: original; plain text
315. ital-3040
     • author: Yelton, Andromeda
     • title: A Simple Scheme for Book Classification Using Wikipedia
     • date: 2011-03-01
     • words: 5404
     • flesch: 54
     • summary: ■■ Conclusions Even a simple system, quickly assembled from freely available parts, can have modest success in identifying book categories. He then used that relat- edness to determine how strongly words from a target document predicted various Wikipedia categories.
     • keywords: book; categories; category; wikipedia; ■ ■
     • versions: original; plain text
316. ital-3041
     • author: Maceli, Monica; Wiedenbeck, Susan; Abels, Eileen
     • title: The Internet Public Library (IPL): An Exploratory Case Study on User Perceptions
     • date: 2011-03-01
     • words: 6152
     • flesch: 45
     • summary: For participants that were current public library users, physical public libraries (and other local academic libraries) were used to fill in the gaps current public library users, and four (P2, P3, P7, and P10) had used public libraries in the past but were no longer using their services. In respect to our study, we found no literature that studied perceptions of Internet public libraries.
     • keywords: information; internet; ipl; libraries; library; public
     • versions: original; plain text
317. ital-3042
     • author: Tous, Ruben; Guerrero, Manel; Delgado, Jaime
     • title: Semantic Web for Reliable Citation Analysis in Scholarly Publishing
     • date: 2011-03-01
     • words: 5645
     • flesch: 41
     • summary: As a collateral effect, authors and publishers also will be able to store evidences (in the form of digitally signed metadata graphs) that demonstrate different facts related to the creating–edit- ing–publishing process (e.g., paper submission, paper acceptance, and paper publication). PuBlisHiNG | tOus, GuerrerO, AND DelGADO 27 the purpose of the reference architecture described in this paper, we do not instruct which of the two described approaches for signing RDF graphs is to be used.
     • keywords: analysis; citation; paper; rdf; scholarly; web
     • versions: original; plain text
318. ital-3043
     • author: Fulton, Camilla
     • title: Web Accessibility, Libraries, and the Law
     • date: 2011-03-01
     • words: 5219
     • flesch: 41
     • summary: ■■ Most libraries are not included as entities that must comply with state web accessibility statutes. “Most libraries are not included as entities that must comply with state web accessibility statutes.” True—From the perspective of a librarian, the above data means that forty-eight states would require web accessibility compliance for their state libraries (see appendix).
     • keywords: accessibility; code; libraries; state; statutes; web
     • versions: original; plain text
319. ital-3044
     • author: Emanuel, Jennifer
     • title: Usability of the VuFind Next-Generation Online Catalog
     • date: 2011-03-01
     • words: 7022
     • flesch: 63
     • summary: Library users are now accustomed to using a single search box, such as with Google; they also use nonlibrary online tools to find information about books and no longer view library cata- logs as the primary place to look for books.11 As users are no longer accustomed to using the con- trolled language and particular searching methods of library catalogs because they have moved to discover- ing materials online, libraries must adapt to new way of obtaining information and focus not on teaching users how to locate library materials, but give them the tools to discover on their own.12 VuFind is one option among many in the genre of next-generation or discovery-catalog tools. Some librarians view the interface as only part of the problem of library catalogs and point to cataloging and metadata practices as the larger underlying problem.
     • keywords: catalog; information; library; participants; search; users; vufind
     • versions: original; plain text
320. ital-3093
     • author: Schlesselman-Tarango, Gina
     • title: Searchable Signatures: Context and the Struggle for Recognition
     • date: 2013-09-15
     • words: 5724
     • flesch: 46
     • summary: 27 In fact, some are currently utilizing social tags in an effort to describe and facilitate access to collections. Capturing context remains a challenge for those working with digital collections, but searchable signatures allow viewers to derive valuable use data and sociohistorical information to better understand the world in which digital images originated and exist.
     • keywords: digital; information; recognition; searchable; signatures; social
     • versions: original; plain text
321. ital-3123
     • author: DeRidder, Jody L.
     • title: First Aid Training for Those on the Front Lines: Digital Preservation Needs Survey Results 2012
     • date: 2013-06-10
     • words: 2993
     • flesch: 37
     • summary: This article reports on the results of a follow-up survey to identify the topics and types of materials most important to webinar attendees and their institutions for digital preservation, in the fall of 2012. • Creating and maintaining effective organizational models for digital preservation (i.e. collaboration with Central IT and/or external vendors, etc.).
     • keywords: digital; percent; respondents
     • versions: original; plain text
322. ital-3124
     • author: Starr, Karen J.
     • title: President’s Message: BTOP, Broadband, E-Rate, and LITA
     • date: 2010-12-01
     • words: 565
     • flesch: 46
     • summary: The new strategic plan includes an advocacy and policy goal that calls for LITA to advocate for and participate in the adoption of legislation, policies, technologies, and standards that promote equitable access to information and technology. Colby Riggs (University of California–Irvine) rep- resents LITA on the Office for Information Technology Policy Advisory Committee.
     • keywords: lita
     • versions: original; plain text
323. ital-3125
     • author: Truitt, Marc
     • title: Editorial: The Space in Between, or, Why ITAL Matters
     • date: 2010-12-01
     • words: 2918
     • flesch: 56
     • summary: A number of narrative answers to the survey make it clear that ITAL readers who are LITA members perceive a link In years past, ITAL’s income from advertising paid the bills and even generated additional revenue for LITA coffers.
     • keywords: ital; lita; percent
     • versions: original; plain text
324. ital-3126
     • author: Marmion, Dan
     • title: Editorial: Why Is ITAL Important?
     • date: 2010-12-01
     • words: 998
     • flesch: 52
     • summary: [I would] be more likely to purchase it for either my office or for the gen- eral collection. (Donna Cranmer) ITAL begins as the oldest and best-established journal for refereed scholarly work in library automation and information technology, a role that by itself is impor- tant to libraries and the library profession. As the official publication of America’s largest professional association for library and information technology, ITAL assures a broad audience for important work—and, thanks to its cost- recovery subscription pricing, ITAL makes that work available to nonmembers at prices far below the norm for scholarly publishing.
     • keywords: ital
     • versions: original; plain text
325. ital-3127
     • author: Farnel, Sharon
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: System Requirements
     • date: 2010-12-01
     • words: 1099
     • flesch: 43
     • summary: I should also note that five of the lists I found focus more on software and hardware than on skills in using said software and hardware. Once I had found the requirements, I examined them in some detail to get a sense of the kinds of skills listed.
     • keywords: information
     • versions: original; plain text
326. ital-3128
     • author: Malizia, Alessio; Bottoni, Paolo; Levialdi, S.
     • title: Generating Collaborative Systems for Digital Libraries: a Model-Driven Approach
     • date: 2010-12-01
     • words: 11062
     • flesch: 43
     • summary: The entities of the CRADLE metamodel allow the specification of col- lections, structures, services, and communities of users (called “societies” in CRADLE) and partially reflect the DELOS Manifesto. Designers of DLs can exploit the domain-specific visual language (DVSL) available in the CRADLE envi- ronment—where familiar entities extracted from the referred taxonomies are represented graphically—to model data structures, interfaces and services offered to the final users.
     • keywords: code; cradle; digital; dls; document; information; libraries; library; model; services
     • versions: original; plain text
327. ital-3129
     • author: Visser, Marijke; Ball, Mary Alice
     • title: The Middle Mile: The Role of the Public Library in Ensuring Access to Broadband
     • date: 2010-12-01
     • words: 6825
     • flesch: 40
     • summary: Access to broadband Internet today increases This paper discusses the role of the public library in ensuring access to the broadband communication that is so critical in today’s knowledge-based society. Three anticipated outcomes of providing community access to broadband are ■■ civic participation will increase; ■■ communities will realize economic growth; and ■■ individual quality of life will improve.
     • keywords: access; broadband; community; information; internet; library; local; public
     • versions: original; plain text
328. ital-3130
     • author: Hilera, José R.; Pagés, Carmen; Martínez, J. Javier; Gutiérrez, J. Antonio; de-Marcos, Luis
     • title: An Evolutive Process to Convert Glossaries into Ontologies
     • date: 2010-12-01
     • words: 7266
     • flesch: 37
     • summary: This paper describes the process of creating a lightweight ontology of the domain of software engineering, starting from the IEEE Standard Glossary of Software Engineering Terminology.7 ■■ Ontologies, the Semantic Web, and Libraries Within the field of librarianship, ontologies are already being used as alternative tools to traditional controlled vocabularies. Ontology development process <owl:Class rdf:about=”#HighOrderLanguage”> <rdfs:label>HighOrderLanguage</rdfs:label> <rdfs:comment><![CDATA[A programming language that requires little knowledge of the computer on which a program will run, can be translated into several different machine languages, allows symbolic naming of operations and addresses, provides features designed to facilitate expression of data structures and program logic, and usually results in several machine instructions for each program statement.
     • keywords: glossary; language; ontologies; ontology; owl; relationships; software; term
     • versions: original; plain text
329. ital-3131
     • author: Quinney, Kayla L.; Smith, Sara D.; Galbraith, Quinn
     • title: Bridging the Gap: Self-Directed Staff Technology Training
     • date: 2010-12-01
     • words: 6159
     • flesch: 51
     • summary: (participants were asked to allocate 100 points among the categories) Category Average Response Instructor-led large group 15.3 Instructor-led small group 27 One-on-one instruction 3.5 Web tutorial 12.8 Self-learning (books, articles) 27.4 DVDs .5 Small group discussion 2.7 Large group discussion 2.6 Other 6.7 I am more likely to incorporate new technology into my home or work life. Answer Response Percent Strongly disagree 0 0 Disagree 2 3 Agree 49 77 Strongly agree 13 20 I enjoy the process of making new technology a part of my work or home life.
     • keywords: challenge; learning; library; self; staff; technology
     • versions: original; plain text
330. ital-3132
     • author: Brown-Sica, Margaret; Beall, Jeffrey; McHale, Nina
     • title: Next-Generation Library Catalogs and the Problem of Slow Response Time
     • date: 2010-12-01
     • words: 5037
     • flesch: 58
     • summary: The authors also discuss acceptable response time and how it may affect the discovery process. They suggest that librarians and vendors should develop standards for acceptable response time and use it in the product selec- tion and development processes.
     • keywords: catalog; library; response; time
     • versions: original; plain text
331. ital-3134
     • author: Starr, Karen J.
     • title: President's Message: Moving Forward
     • date: 2010-09-01
     • words: 868
     • flesch: 54
     • summary: How we deal with the current shifts happening in information and technology during the next five to ten years will say a great deal about how the library and information community reinvents itself for its role in the twenty-first century. This shift is different, and it will create both opportunities and challenges for everyone, including those who manage information and those who use it.
     • keywords: lita
     • versions: original; plain text
332. ital-3135
     • author: Dehmlow, Mark
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: Adding Value in the Internet Age--Libraries, Openness, and Programmers
     • date: 2010-09-01
     • words: 976
     • flesch: 51
     • summary: Our response to the shifting environment has been to envision how libraries can provide the best value to our patrons despite an information ecosystem that duplicates (and to some extent replaces) services that have been a core part of our profession for ages. There are many other ways libraries create value for our users, and one of the best is for us to respond to needs that are specific to our organizations and users— specialized services, focused collections, contextualized discovery, all integrated into environments in which our patrons work,
     • keywords: libraries
     • versions: original; plain text
333. ital-3136
     • author: Park, Jung-ran; Tosaka, Yuji
     • title: Metadata Creation Practices in Digital Repositories and Collections: Schemata, Selection Criteria, and Interoperability
     • date: 2010-09-01
     • words: 7446
     • flesch: 37
     • summary: Types of semi-automatic metadata generation tools in use Types Response Rating Metadata format conversion 38 (38.6%) Templates and editors for metadata creation 26 (27.0%) Criteria for selecting metadata schemata (multiple responses) Question: which criteria were applied in selecting metadata schemata?
     • keywords: creation; digital; metadata; percent; practices; schemata; survey
     • versions: original; plain text
334. ital-3137
     • author: Walsh, Maureen P.
     • title: Batch Loading Collections into DSpace: Using Perl Scripts for Automation and Quality Control
     • date: 2010-09-01
     • words: 6322
     • flesch: 55
     • summary: These first three years of community-supplied CSV files contained author metadata inconsistent with Knowledge Bank author entries. The OSU Digital Initiatives Steering Committee 2002 proposal for the OJS digitization project had predated the Knowledge Bank DSpace instance.
     • keywords: bank; batch; dspace; knowledge; knowledge bank; loading; metadata; scripts
     • versions: original; plain text
335. ital-3138
     • author: Weber, Lynne; Lawrence, Peg
     • title: Authentication and Access: Accommodating Public Users in an Academic World
     • date: 2010-09-01
     • words: 7941
     • flesch: 45
     • summary: Does your library have a written policy for use of open access computers in the public area of the library? Question 7 indicates that 50 of the 61 responding libraries did offer the public two or more open-access computers. Electronic resources on open access computers (N = 50) Figure 10.
     • keywords: access; computers; libraries; library; public; university; users
     • versions: original; plain text
336. ital-3139
     • author: Yang, Sharon Q.; Hofmann, Melissa A.
     • title: The Next Generation Library Catalog: A Comparative Study of the OPACs of Koha, Evergreen, and Voyager
     • date: 2010-09-01
     • words: 5051
     • flesch: 58
     • summary: The comparison took place primarily in six areas: search, presentation of results, enriched content, user participation, personaliza- tion, and Web 2.0 technologies applied in OPACs. Faceted navigation ü û û Keyword search
     • keywords: catalog; koha; library; search
     • versions: original; plain text
337. ital-3140
     • author: Zhou, Yongli
     • title: Are Your Digital Documents Web Friendly?: Making Scanned Documents Web Accessible
     • date: 2010-09-01
     • words: 6248
     • flesch: 69
     • summary: File format and color mode versus PDF file size File Format Scan Specifications TIFF Size (KB) PDF Size (KB) TIFF Color 24 bits 23,141 900 This paper focuses on how the Colorado State University Libraries cre- ates and optimizes text-based and digitized PDF documents for easy access, download- ing, and printing.
     • keywords: color; file; images; pdf; text; tiff
     • versions: original; plain text
338. ital-3141
     • author: Frisque, Michelle
     • title: President’s Message: The End and New Beginnings
     • date: 2010-06-01
     • words: 682
     • flesch: 66
     • summary: 2. Innovation: To serve the library community, LITA expert members will identify and demonstrate the value of new and existing technologies within ALA and beyond. 3. Advocacy and policy: LITA will advocate for and participate in the adoption of legislation, policies, technologies, and standards that promote equitable access to information and technology. 4. 5. Collaboration and outreach: LITA will reach out and col- laborate with other library organizations to increase the awareness of the importance of technology in libraries, improve services to existing members, and reach out to new members.
     • keywords: lita
     • versions: original; plain text
339. ital-3142
     • author: Truitt, Marc
     • title: Editorial: No More Silver Bullets, Please
     • date: 2010-06-01
     • words: 1635
     • flesch: 62
     • summary: Far be it from me to second-guess the Rangeview staff’s judgment as to how best to serve the community there.1 Rather, what got my attention was LJ’s reference to a “palpable hunger”for magic ammunition, from whose presumed existence we in libraries seem to draw com- fort. ■■ Libraries arranged along the lines of chain book- stores.
     • keywords: library
     • versions: original; plain text
340. ital-3143
     • author: Boze, Andy
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: ITAL 2.0
     • date: 2010-06-01
     • words: 821
     • flesch: 69
     • summary: Frankly I’d like to encourage discussion on topics beyond only the articles published in ITAL. Even though they were discontinued, those could still be interesting topics for discussion between ITAL readers.
     • keywords: ital
     • versions: original; plain text
341. ital-3144
     • author: Fagan, Jody Condit
     • title: Usability Studies of Faceted Browsing: A Literature Review
     • date: 2010-06-01
     • words: 7412
     • flesch: 54
     • summary: This article reviews the literature for user studies involving faceted browsing and user studies of “next-generation” library catalogs that incorporate faceted browsing. The article proposes methodological considerations for prac- ticing librarians and provides examples of goals, tasks, and measurements for user studies of faceted browsing in library catalogs.
     • keywords: browsing; faceted; facets; interface; library; search; studies
     • versions: original; plain text
342. ital-3145
     • author: Quinn, Brian
     • title: Reducing Psychological Resistance to Digital Repositories
     • date: 2010-06-01
     • words: 8604
     • flesch: 40
     • summary: Faculty with no self-archiving experience also felt that many publishers do not allow self-archiving, reduciNG PsYcHoloGicAl resistANce to diGitAl rePositories | QuiNN 69 more open to information that challenges their beliefs and attitudes and are more open to suggestion.18 Thus before beginning a discussion of why users should deposit their research in repositories, it might help to first affirm the users’ self-concept. reduciNG PsYcHoloGicAl resistANce to diGitAl rePositories | QuiNN 67 and MIT mandates, and other mandates such as the one instituted at Stanford’s School of Education, have come to pass, and the Registry of Open Access Repository Material Archiving Policies (ROARMAP) lists more than 120 mandates around the world that now exist.3 While it is too early to tell whether these developments will be successful in getting faculty to deposit their work in digital repositories, they at least establish a precedent that other institutions may follow.
     • keywords: digital; faculty; psychologists; repositories; repository; resistance; user; work
     • versions: original; plain text
343. ital-3146
     • author: Back, Godmar; Bailey, Annette
     • title: Web Services and Widgets for Library Information Systems
     • date: 2010-06-01
     • words: 6796
     • flesch: 50
     • summary: Supported Google Book classes Google Book Class Meaning gbs-thumbnail gbs-link-to-preview gbs-link-to-info gbs-link-to-thumbnail gbs-embed-viewer gbs-if-noview gbs-if-partial-or-full gbs-if-partial gbs-if-full gbs-remove-on-failure Include an <img...> embedding the thumbnail image Wrap span/div in link to preview at Google Book Search (GBS) Wrap span/div in link to info page at GBS Wrap span/div in link to thumbnail at GBS Directly embed a viewer for book’s content into the page, if possible Keep this span/div only if GBS reports that book’s viewability is “noview” Keep this span/div only if GBS reports that book’s viewability is at least “partial” Keep this span/div only if GBS reports that book’s viewability is “partial” Keep this span/div only if GBS reports that book’s viewability is “full” Remove this span/div if GBS doesn’t return book information for this item <title> attribute to instruct the widget library to harvest the ISBN from the current page via screen scraping. Godmar Back and Annette Bailey Web Services and Widgets for Library Information Systems As more libraries integrate information from web services to enhance their online public displays, techniques that facilitate this integration are needed.
     • keywords: book; google; information; library; majax; mash; server; web
     • versions: original; plain text
344. ital-3147
     • author: Han, Yan
     • title: On the Clouds: A New Way of Computing
     • date: 2010-06-01
     • words: 3869
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: This article introduces cloud computing and discusses the author’s experience “on the clouds.” He evaluates costs, discusses advantages, and addresses some issues about cloud computing.
     • keywords: cloud; computing; data; library; systems
     • versions: original; plain text
345. ital-3148
     • author: Eden, Bradford Lee
     • title: The New User Environment: The End of Technical Services?
     • date: 2010-06-01
     • words: 6377
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: Libraries have long worked in the Mercedes arena, providing features such as authority control, subject classification, and redundant localizing of bibliographic records that were essential when libraries held the monopoly on informa- tion access but are no longer cost-efficient—nor even sane—strategies in the current information marketplace. That component of the staff was entirely devoted to arcane and mysterious processes involved in selecting, acquiring, cataloging, pro- cessing, and otherwise making available to library users physical material containing information con- tent pieces (incops).
     • keywords: information; libraries; library; new; services; technical; ■ ■
     • versions: original; plain text
346. ital-3149
     • author: Frisque, Michelle
     • title: President's Message: Join Us at the Forum!
     • date: 2010-03-01
     • words: 834
     • flesch: 64
     • summary: Program proposals are due February 19, so I cannot give you specifics about the concurrent sessions, but we do hope to have presentations about projects, plans, or discoveries in areas of library-related technology involv- ing emerging cloud technologies; software-as-service, as well as social technologies of various kinds; using vir- tualized or cloud resources for storage or computing in libraries; library-specific open-source software (OSS) and other OSS “in” libraries; technology on a budget; using crowdsourcing and user groups for supporting technol- ogy projects; and training via the crowd. T he first LITA National Forum I attended was in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
     • keywords: forum
     • versions: original; plain text
347. ital-3150
     • author: Truitt, Marc
     • title: Editorial: And Now for Something (Completely) Different
     • date: 2010-03-01
     • words: 1944
     • flesch: 59
     • summary: A brief round of e-mails among principals at LITA, Ex Libris, and ITAL ensued, with the outcome being that Carl Grant, president of Ex Libris North America, gra- ciously agreed to continue sponsorship for another year and reevaluate underwriting the award for the future. With that, I will end this by again thanking Carl and Ex Libris—because we don’t say thank you often enough!—for their generous support of the LITA/Ex Libris Student Writing Award.
     • keywords: ital; libris
     • versions: original; plain text
348. ital-3151
     • author: Grant, Carl
     • title: A Partnership for Creating Successful Partnerships
     • date: 2010-03-01
     • words: 1183
     • flesch: 60
     • summary: n The elements of successful sponsorships and partnerships For a sponsorship or partnership to be successful in today’s environment, it should offer at least the following components: 1. A Partnership for Creating Successful Partnerships continued from page 5
     • keywords: partnership
     • versions: original; plain text
349. ital-3152
     • author: Shores, Sandra
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: Issue Introduction to Student Essays
     • date: 2010-03-01
     • words: 1310
     • flesch: 51
     • summary: His paper, which details the implementation of an open-source mon- itoring system to ensure the availability of library systems and services, is a fine example of the blending of best practices from two professions. She is excited by “the potential for creativity made possible by technol- ogy” and by the way librarians incorporate “collaborative tools and interactive applications into library service.”
     • keywords: libraries; library
     • versions: original; plain text
350. ital-3153
     • author: Silver, T. Michael
     • title: Monitoring Network and Service Availability with Open-Source Software
     • date: 2010-03-01
     • words: 5666
     • flesch: 48
     • summary: AND liBRARies | MARcH 2010 # Define a template for switches that we can reuse define host{ name generic-switch use generic-host check_period 24x7 check_interval 5 retry_interval 1 max_check_attempts 10 check_command check-host-alive notification_period 24x7 notification_interval 30 notification_options d,r contact_groups admins register 0 } ############################################################################ # SERVICE TEMPLATES ############################################################################ # Generic service definition template - This is NOT a real service, # just a template! Service monitoring does not appear frequently in library literature, and what is written often relates to single-purpose custom monitoring.
     • keywords: appendix; define; file; host; monitoring; nagios; network; service
     • versions: original; plain text
351. ital-3154
     • author: Vandenbark, R. Todd
     • title: Tending a Wild Garden: Library Web Design for Persons with Disabilities
     • date: 2010-03-01
     • words: 5531
     • flesch: 54
     • summary: Shawn Lawton Henry and Pasquale Popolizio, “WAI, Quick Tips to Make Accessible Web Sites,” World Wide Web Consortium, Feb. 5, 2008, http://www.w3.org/WAI/quicktips/ Overview.php (accessed Mar. 30, 2008). By following these guidelines, developers create Web content that is readily available to every user regardless of the way it’s accessed.
     • keywords: accessibility; accessible; content; information; text; use; web
     • versions: original; plain text
352. ital-3155
     • author: Tolkoff, Ilana
     • title: The Path toward Global Interoperability in Cataloging
     • date: 2010-03-01
     • words: 4381
     • flesch: 54
     • summary: Even within a single language, subject headings can be compli- cated and inconsistent because they can be expressed as a single noun, compound noun, noun phrase, or inverted phrase; the problem becomes even greater when trying to translate these to other languages. There would be a single bibliographic record for a single work, rather than multiple bibliographic records in different languages for the same work.
     • keywords: authority; cataloging; headings; libraries; library; subject
     • versions: original; plain text
353. ital-3156
     • author: Visser, Marijke A.
     • title: Tagging: An Organization Scheme for the Internet
     • date: 2010-03-01
     • words: 4882
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: Internet users in general have barely grasped the concept of Web 2.0 and already the advanced “Internet cognoscenti” write about Web 3.0.2 Regarding the organization and availability of Internet content, librarians need to be ahead of the crowd as the voice who will assure content will be readily accessible to those that seek it. Internet users actively participat- ing in and shaping the online communities are, perhaps unintentionally, influencing how those who access infor- mation via the Internet expect to be able to receive and use digital resources.
     • keywords: delicious; information; internet; system; users; web
     • versions: original; plain text
354. ital-3157
     • author: Kurtz, Mary
     • title: Dublin Core, DSpace, and a Brief Analysis of Three University Repositories
     • date: 2010-03-01
     • words: 4881
     • flesch: 51
     • summary: Therefore DSpace records have 100 percent participation in the date element. At the time of record creation, DSpace records the identity of the contributor (derived from the sign-in identity and pass- word) and places this information into a dc.provenance element field.
     • keywords: contributor; dspace; elements; metadata; record
     • versions: original; plain text
355. ital-3158
     • author: Mandel, Lauren H.
     • title: Geographic Information Systems: Tools for Displaying In-Library Use Data
     • date: 2010-03-01
     • words: 4733
     • flesch: 44
     • summary: Understanding how people use the public library facility beyond traditional measures of circulation statis- tics and reference transactions can lead to new theories of library use, an area of significant research interest for LIS. Instead of a library presenting tables and graphs of library use, it would be able to produce illus- trative maps that would help explain patterns of use to funding and supervising authorities.
     • keywords: data; facility; gis; libraries; library; use
     • versions: original; plain text
356. ital-3159
     • author: Aveny, Brian
     • title: Editorial: Tails Wagging Dogs
     • date: 1981-03-01
     • words: 385
     • flesch: 60
     • summary: Further methods of relating and using records from different libraries, and even different networks, are becoming necessities in our increasingly interdependent world. Not following recommended OCLC practice of fully updating the rec- ord at each use has created archive tapes requiring significant manual effort to properly reflect library holdings.
     • keywords: libraries
     • versions: original; plain text
357. ital-3160
     • author: Morita, Ichiko
     • title: Japanese Character Input: Its State and Problems
     • date: 1981-03-01
     • words: 7377
     • flesch: 67
     • summary: These are then handled as other Kanji with an individual code. The bit may be changed by shifting, and different Kanji can Block A (For left, left)
     • keywords: character; input; japanese; kana; kanji; keyboard; system
     • versions: original; plain text
358. ital-3161
     • author: Druschel, Joselyn
     • title: Cost Analysis of an Automated and Manual Cataloging and Book Processing System
     • date: 1981-03-01
     • words: 7572
     • flesch: 71
     • summary: Arrange and file sheljlist copy of fanfold Timeslip (.03/min@ 1.5 min/slip) .045 Revise filing of shelflist copy LT II (.094/min @ l min/slip) .094 Verify authorities (984 x 4) Timeslip (.03/min@ 4 min/item) .12 Type multilith master for card production LT I (.084/min @ 6 min/master) .504 .06/ master Revise typed multilith master LT I (.084/min @ 3 min/master) 4526 136 Separate card sets LT I (.084/min@ 2 sets/min) .042 .042 4297 180 File subject catalog cards (2263x2) LT II (.094/m in @ 1 min/card ) .094 .094 4526 425 File AIT catalog cards (2263 x3 )
     • keywords: costs; item; item item; min; month; total
     • versions: original; plain text
359. ital-3162
     • author: Borrell, Jerry
     • title: How Long the Wait until We Can Call It Television
     • date: 1981-03-01
     • words: 1900
     • flesch: 63
     • summary: The card will allow system users to access material that will have controlled readership. In a more complex effort, the largest retailer in Paris will advertise material via teletext and system users will be able to make ac- quisitions with their smart card, which can be programmed with financial data.
     • keywords: data; information; system
     • versions: original; plain text
360. ital-3163
     • author: Cook, Sherry
     • title: Data Processing Library: A Very Special Library
     • date: 1981-03-01
     • words: 830
     • flesch: 62
     • summary: Developing the collection involved basic cataloging techniques which were greatly modified to encompass all the information that computer programs generate, includ- ing actual code, documentation, and list- ings . The centralization and control of computer programs elimi- nates the chaos that can occur if too many individuals maintain and use the same computer program .
     • keywords: computer; library
     • versions: original; plain text
361. ital-3165
     • author: Pace, Andrew K.
     • title: President's Message: LITA Now
     • date: 2009-03-01
     • words: 758
     • flesch: 61
     • summary: While we all make sacrifices of time, money, and talent to support our profession, it is often tempting when economic times are hard to isolate ourselves from the professional networks that sustain us in times of plenty. One anecdotal view of this is the number of e-mails I’ve received from committee appointees apologizing that they will not be able to attend ALA conferences as planned because of the economic downturn and local cuts to library budgets.
     • keywords: time
     • versions: original; plain text
362. ital-3166
     • author: Truitt, Marc
     • title: Editorial
     • date: 2009-03-01
     • words: 1944
     • flesch: 66
     • summary: n In memoriam Most of the snail mail I receive as editor consists of advertisements and press releases from various firms providing IT and other services to libraries. If we are at all typi- cal of large libraries in the Association of Research Libraries (and I think we are), then it will come as no surprise that we seem to add new services with alarming frequency.
     • keywords: cooling; services
     • versions: original; plain text
363. ital-3167
     • author: Miles, Mathew J.; Bergstrom, Scott J.
     • title: Classification of Library Resources by Subject on the Library Website: Is There an Optimal Number of Subject Labels?
     • date: 2009-03-01
     • words: 3724
     • flesch: 67
     • summary: n Background In preparation for this study, library subject lists were col- lected from a set of thirty library websites in the United However, the number of subject labels varies greatly.
     • keywords: gr p; ite m; m s; subject
     • versions: original; plain text
364. ital-3168
     • author: Jaeger, Paul T.; Yan, Zheng
     • title: One Law with Two Outcomes: Comparing the Implementation of CIPA in Public Libraries and Schools
     • date: 2009-03-01
     • words: 7726
     • flesch: 42
     • summary: Furthermore, the fact that public schools also contain school library media centers highlights some very inter- esting points of intersection between public libraries and school libraries in terms of the consequences of CIPA: While CIPA requires filtering of computers throughout public libraries and public schools, the presence of school library media centers makes the connection between libraries and schools stronger, as do the teaching roles of public libraries (e.g., training classes, workshops, and evening classes). By 2001, more than 99 percent of public school libraries provided students with Internet access.17 By 2007, 99.7 percent of public library branches were connected to the Internet, and 99.1 percent of public library branches offered pub- lic Internet access.18
     • keywords: access; cipa; internet; libraries; library; public; public libraries; schools
     • versions: original; plain text
365. ital-3169
     • author: Morales-del-Castillo, J. M.; Pedraza-Jiménez, R.; Peis, E.; Herrera-Viedma, E.
     • title: A Semantic Model of Selective Dissemination of Information for Digital Libraries
     • date: 2009-03-01
     • words: 7275
     • flesch: 43
     • summary: Elements of the model There are four basic elements that make up the system: 24 INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND LIBRARIES | MARCH 2009 the thesaurus, user profiles, RSS feeds, and recommenda- tion log files. User profiles are meant to store long-term prefer- ences, but the system must be able to detect any subtle change in these preferences over time to offer accurate recommendations.
     • keywords: information; linguistic; model; semantic; system; terms; user; web
     • versions: original; plain text
366. ital-3170
     • author: Ketchell, Debra S.; Steinberg, Ryan Max; Yates, Charles; Heilemann, Heidi A.
     • title: LaneConnex: An Integrated Biomedical Digital Library Interface
     • date: 2009-03-01
     • words: 5617
     • flesch: 52
     • summary: The specific objectives of the search application are the following: n The user interface should be fast, simple, and intui- tive, with embedded suggestions for improving search results (e.g., Did you mean? The Lane content owner can directly change the inclusion of search results, how they are displayed, and additional path-finding information.
     • keywords: clinical; content; information; laneconnex; metasearch; results; search; user
     • versions: original; plain text
367. ital-3171
     • author: Jay, Michael; Simpson, Betsy; Smith, Doug
     • title: CatQC and Shelf-Ready Material: Speeding Collections to Users While Preserving Data Quality
     • date: 2009-03-01
     • words: 4678
     • flesch: 60
     • summary: Parallel records (2) CatQC identifies foreign library records that are candi- dates for parallel record treatment by indicating in the report if the 040 has a non-English subfield b. The results were so favorable that the author speculated that PromptCat would herald a future where libraries can “reassess their local practices and develop greater confidence in national standards so that catalog records can be integrated into local OPACs with minimal revision and library hold- ings can be made available in bibliographic databases as quickly as possible.”2
     • keywords: cataloging; catqc; element; libraries; records
     • versions: original; plain text
368. ital-3172
     • author: Pace, Andrew K.
     • title: President's Message: LITA Forever
     • date: 2009-06-01
     • words: 750
     • flesch: 73
     • summary: I was warned when I started my term as LITA president that my time at the helm would seem fleeting in retro- spect, and I didn’t believe it. Being elected LITA president is for all intents and purposes a three-year term with shifting responsibili- ties.
     • keywords: lita
     • versions: original; plain text
369. ital-3173
     • author: Truitt, Marc
     • title: Editorial: ALA and Our Carbon Footprint
     • date: 2009-06-01
     • words: 1526
     • flesch: 60
     • summary: I’ve been reflecting (stewing?) for some time now about the question of ALA conferences: Why do I attend, and what do I get from these gatherings? I used the Carbon Footprint Calculator at www .carbonfootprint.com/calculator.aspx (accessed Feb. 5, 2009) to compute the CO2 footprint in metric tons for one round-trip flight between Denver and each of the following cities: Atlanta (.40), Boston (.58), Chicago (.30), Dallas (.22), Houston (.29), Los Angeles (.27), Miami (.57), Minneapolis (.23), New York–JFK (.54), Philadelphia (.52), Phoenix (.19), Pittsburgh (.43), Salt Lake City (.23), San Diego (.27), San Francisco (.31), Seattle (.34), and Washington, D.C. (.49).
     • keywords: ala; meeting
     • versions: original; plain text
370. ital-3174
     • author: Dehmlow, Mark
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: The Ten Commandments of Interacting with Nontechnical People
     • date: 2009-06-01
     • words: 1391
     • flesch: 54
     • summary: Somehow, in that time, I have been fortunate to learn some effective mechanisms for providing constructive support and leading successful technical projects with both technically and “semitechnically” minded patrons and librarians. The single best strategy I have found to getting buy-in for technical projects is to include key stakeholders and those with influence in project planning and core decision-making.
     • keywords: people; technical
     • versions: original; plain text
371. ital-3175
     • author: Yee, Martha M.
     • title: Can Bibliographic Data be Put Directly onto the Semantic Web?
     • date: 2009-06-01
     • words: 14836
     • flesch: 42
     • summary: | YEE 73 Model Entity FRBR FRAD Place term for the place coordinates other geographical information Discipline Genre/form Name type of name scope of usage dates of usage language of name script of name transliteration scheme of name Identifier type of identifier identifier string suffix Controlled access point type of controlled access point status of controlled access point designated usage of controlled access point undifferentiated access point language of base access point script of base access point script of cataloguing transliteration scheme of base access point transliteration scheme of cataloguing source of controlled access point base access point addition Rules citation for rules rules identifier Agency name of agency agency identifier location of agency attributes/properties in FrBr compared to FraD (cont.) 74 iNForMaTioN TECHNoloGY aND liBrariEs | JuNE 2009 attributes/properties in rDa compared to YCr Model Entity RDA YCR Work title of the work form of work date of work place of origin of work medium of performance numeric designation key signatory to a treaty, etc. other distinguishing characteristic of the work original language of the work history of the work identifier for the work nature of the content coverage of the content coordinates of cartographic content equinox epoch intended audience system of organization dissertation or theses information key identifier for work language-based identifier (preferred lexical label) variant language-based identifier (alternate lexical label) language-based identifier (preferred lexical label) for work language-based identifier for work (preferred lexical label) identified by PrincipalCreator in combination with uniform title language-based identifier (preferred lexical label) for work identified by title alone (uniform title) supplied title for work variant title for work original language of work responsibility for work original publication statement of work dates associated with work original publication/release/broadcast date of work copyright date of work creation date of work date of first recording of a work date of first performance of a work finding date of naturally occurring object original publisher/distributor/broadcaster of work places associated with work original place of publication/distribution/broadcasting for work country of origin of work place of creation of work place of first recording of work place of first performance of work finding place of naturally occurring object original method of publication/distribution/broadcast of work serial or integrating work original numeric and/or alphabetic designations—beginning serial or integrating work original chronological designations— beginning serial or integrating work original numeric and/or alphabetic designations—ending serial or integrating work original chronological designations— ending encoding of content of work genre/form of content of work original instrumentation of musical work instrumentation of musical work—number of a particular instrument instrumentation of musical work—type of instrument original voice(s) of musical work voice(s) of musical work—number of a particular type of voice voice(s) of musical work—type of voice original key of musical work numeric designation of musical work coordinates of cartographic work equinox of cartographic work original physical characteristics of work original extent of work original dimensions of work mode of issuance of work CaN BiBlioGraPHiC DaTa BE PuT DirECTlY oNTo THE sEMaNTiC wEB? | YEE 69 Entities/classes in rDa, FrBr, FraD compared to Yee Cataloging rules (YCr) RDA, FRBR, and FRAD YCR Group 1: Work Work Group 1: Expression Expression Surrogate Group 1: Manifestation Manifestation Title-manifestation Serial title Group 1: Item Item Group 2: Person Person Fictitious character Performing animal Group 2: Corporate body Corporate body Corporate subdivision Place as jurisdictional corporate body Conference or other event as corporate body creator Jurisdictional corporate subdivision Family (RDA and FRAD only) Group 3: Concept Concept Group 3: Object Object Group 3: Event Event or historical period as subject Group 3: Place Place as geographic area Discipline Genre/form Name Identifier Controlled access point Rules (FRAD only) Agency (FRAD only) APPENDIx.
     • keywords: corporate; data; entity; expression; manifestation; model; person; place; rdf; semantic; title; web; work
     • versions: original; plain text
372. ital-3176
     • author: Bertot, John Carlo
     • title: Public Access Technologies in Public Libraries: Effects and Implications
     • date: 2009-06-01
     • words: 8451
     • flesch: 46
     • summary: The successful libraries in terms of PAT services and resources visited had staff that could n understand PAT (both in terms of functionality and potential); n think creatively across the technology and library service spectrum; n integrate online content, PAT, and library services; n articulate the value of PAT as an essential commu- nity need and public library service; n articulate the role of the perception of the library by its community as a critical bridge to online con- tent; n demonstrate leadership within the community and library; n form partnerships and extend PAT services and resources into the community; and n raise funds and develop other support mecha- nisms to enhance PAT services and resources in the library and throughout the community. At that time, public libraries essentially experimented with public- access Internet and computer services, largely absorbing this service into existing service and resource provision without substantial consideration of the management, facilities, staffing, and other implications of public-access technology (PAT) services and resources.
     • keywords: access; libraries; library; pat; public; public libraries; services; technology
     • versions: original; plain text
373. ital-3177
     • author: Smith, Cheri; Guimaraes, Anastasia; Havert, Mandy; Prokrym, Tatiana H.
     • title: Missing Items: Automating the Replacement Workflow Process
     • date: 2009-06-01
     • words: 4121
     • flesch: 54
     • summary: This article describes the procedure developed by the Hesburgh Libraries of the University of Notre Dame to replace missing items or to withdraw them from the catalog. To compound the problem, budgetary constraints resulted in the suspension of spending from the fund earmarked for the replacement of missing items.
     • keywords: database; items; missing; records
     • versions: original; plain text
374. ital-3178
     • author: Darby, Andrew; Gilmour, Ron
     • title: Adding Delicious Data to Your Library Website
     • date: 2009-06-01
     • words: 2351
     • flesch: 63
     • summary: Bag> </taxo:topics> </item> To display Delicious RSS results on a website, the webmaster must use some RSS parsing tool in com- bination with a script to display the results. We begin with a description of Delicious Linkrolls and Tagrolls, the simplest but least flexible method of dis- playing Delicious results.
     • keywords: delicious; rss
     • versions: original; plain text
375. ital-3216
     • author: Frisque, Michelle
     • title: President's Message
     • date: 2009-09-01
     • words: 762
     • flesch: 74
     • summary: Over the last year I have been working closely with this year’s LITA Emerging Leaders, Lisa Thomas and Holly Tomren. I wish every LITA member could have been at this year’s LITA Camp in Columbus, Ohio, on May 8.
     • keywords: lita
     • versions: original; plain text
376. ital-3217
     • author: Truitt, Marc
     • title: Editorial: Computing in the "Cloud"
     • date: 2009-09-01
     • words: 1192
     • flesch: 66
     • summary: Interest Group at the 2009 ALA Annual Conference in Chicago, two topics dominated the list of proposed HoLT programs for the 2010 Annual Conference. The sexy ones—cloud computing, for example—empha- size New Age-y, “2.0” virtues of collaboration and sharing with perhaps slightly mystic overtones: Exactly where and what is the “cloud,” after all?
     • keywords: cloud; stuff
     • versions: original; plain text
377. ital-3218
     • author: Eden, Bradford Lee
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: Musings on the Demise of Paper
     • date: 2009-09-01
     • words: 876
     • flesch: 61
     • summary: They are explor- ing the use of color and video, but both have problems in terms of reading experience and battery wear. Or will the “pay by the article” model, like that used for digital music sales, become the norm?
     • keywords: libraries; university
     • versions: original; plain text
378. ital-3219
     • author: Hutt, Arwen; Stuart, Michael; Suchy, Daniel; Westbrook, Bradley D.
     • title: Employing Virtualization in Library Computing: Use Cases and Lessons Learned
     • date: 2009-09-01
     • words: 4471
     • flesch: 41
     • summary: This paper provides a broad overview of virtualization technology and explains its benefits and drawbacks by describing some of the ways virtualization has been used at the University of California, San Diego (UCSD) Libraries.2 n Virtualization overview Virtualization is used to partition the physical resources (processor, hard drive, network card, etc.) of one com- puter to run one or more instances of concurrent, but not necessarily identical, operating systems (OSs). n Conclusion As our use cases illustrate, there are numerous potential applications and benefits of virtualization technology in the library environment.
     • keywords: application; database; host; user; virtualization
     • versions: original; plain text
379. ital-3220
     • author: Lampert, Cory; Vaughan, Jason
     • title: Success Factors and Strategic Planning: Rebuilding an Academic Library Digitization Program
     • date: 2009-09-01
     • words: 11018
     • flesch: 40
     • summary: 116 iNForMaTioN TECHNoloGY aND liBrariES | SEpTEMBEr 2009 Success Factors and Strategic Planning: Rebuilding an Academic Library Digitization Program Cory Lampert and Jason Vaughan This paper discusses a dual approach of case study and research survey to investigate the complex factors in sustaining academic library digitization programs. One UNLV Library Digitization Survey question asked, “how would you characterize support for digitization in your library by the majority of those providing content for digitization projects?”
     • keywords: collections; digital; digitization; libraries; library; program; project; responses; survey; unlv
     • versions: original; plain text
380. ital-3221
     • author: Lamont, Melissa
     • title: Gender, Technology, and Libraries
     • date: 2009-09-01
     • words: 4451
     • flesch: 46
     • summary: Hargittai and Shafer conducted a study of Internet skills that draws the same conclusion.18 organizational culture Women may underestimate their abilities and disassoci- ate with IT in part because of the perception of IT orga- nizational culture.19 Technical positions are associated with long and irregular hours, leading to the assump- tion that family and home responsibilities will cause women to be less able to contribute. Wilson points to research indicating that “women’s work tends to be regarded as semi-skilled merely because it is women’s work.
     • keywords: authors; libraries; library; technology; women
     • versions: original; plain text
381. ital-3222
     • author: Skibiński, Przemyslaw; Swacha, Jakub
     • title: The Efficient Storage of Text Documents in Digital Libraries
     • date: 2009-09-01
     • words: 6968
     • flesch: 54
     • summary: Although text documents are often compressed with general-purpose methods such as Deflate, much better compression can be obtained with a scheme specialized for text, and even better if the scheme is additionally specialized for individual document formats. Table 1 shows the assignment of the mentioned sub- schemes to document formats, with “+” denoting that a given subscheme should be applied when processing a given document format.
     • keywords: compression; ctdl+; dictionary; documents; lzma; percent; text
     • versions: original; plain text
382. ital-3223
     • author: Carlson, Kathleen
     • title: Tutorial: Delivering Information to Students 24/7 with Camtasia
     • date: 2009-09-01
     • words: 1411
     • flesch: 66
     • summary: The Camtasia Studio software allows the author to create streaming videos which gives students 24 hour access on any topics including how to order books through interlibrary loan. I examined three software appli- cations that help create video tutori- als and presentations: Cam Studio, Macromedia’s Captivate, and TechSmith’s Camtasia Studio.
     • keywords: camtasia
     • versions: original; plain text
383. ital-3224
     • author: Frisque, Michelle
     • title: President's Message
     • date: 2009-09-01
     • words: 832
     • flesch: 79
     • summary: Michelle Frisque (mfrisque@northwestern.edu) is LITA President 2009–10 and Head, Information Systems, North- western University, Chicago. I also am a new part-time student in the Masters of Learning and Organizational Change pro- gram at Northwestern University.
     • keywords: information
     • versions: original; plain text
384. ital-3225
     • author: Truitt, Marc
     • title: Editorial: Reflections on What We Mean by “Forever”
     • date: 2009-09-01
     • words: 1752
     • flesch: 59
     • summary: Wood of Sun gave a presentation at the 2008 PASIG Spring Meeting in which he estimated that the cost to supply power and cooling alone to maintain a peta- byte (1,000 TB) of disk-based digital content for a mere ten years would easily exceed $1 million.1 Refining his figures downward somewhat, Wood noted a few months later at the following PASIG meeting that for a 1 TB drive, the five- year estimated power and cooling for 2008–12 could be estimated at approximately $320, or $640,000 per petabyte over ten years, still a considerable sum.2 Add to this the costs of migration—consider that a modern spinning disk is generally thought to have a use- ful lifespan of about five years, and tape may have two or three decades—and the need regular integrity-checking of digital content for “bit-rot,” and you have the stuff of a sustainability nightmare. Can we meaningfully plan for the preservation of digital content over centuries given our poor track record over just the past few decades?
     • keywords: digital; pasig; sun
     • versions: original; plain text
385. ital-3226
     • author: Carter, Judith
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: Issue Introduction
     • date: 2009-09-01
     • words: 1599
     • flesch: 58
     • summary: What do you see as the relationship between the library catalog and other access or discovery tools?” Relating discovery behaviors to electronic discovery tools User wants . . .
     • keywords: discovery; information; library
     • versions: original; plain text
386. ital-3227
     • author: Fabbi, Jennifer L.
     • title: Discovery Focus as Impetus for Organizational Learning
     • date: 2009-09-01
     • words: 5040
     • flesch: 40
     • summary: n Revisioning Technical Services This review of Technical Services was a process consist- ing of several distinct steps over many months, and each step was informed by the data and opinions gained in the prior steps: Phase 1: Technical Services Baseline, focusing on the nature of Technical Services work at UNLV Libraries, in the library profession, and factors that affect this work now and in the future Phase 2: Organizational Call to Action, engaging the entire organization in shared learning and input Phase 3: Summit on Discovery, shifting significantly away from Technical Services and toward the concept of discovery of information and the experi- ence of our users Technical Services Baseline The first phase of the process, which I called the “Technical Services Baseline,” included a face-to-face meeting with me and all Technical Services staff. Outcomes of the process were guided by the dean of libraries, were written by me, and received input from Technical Services staff, resulting in the following goals: 1.
     • keywords: discovery; libraries; process; services; technical
     • versions: original; plain text
387. ital-3228
     • author: Dolski, Alex A.
     • title: Information Discovery Insights Gained from MultiPAC, a Prototype Library Discovery System
     • date: 2009-09-01
     • words: 4377
     • flesch: 51
     • summary: In light of this dilemma, the Libraries and various units within have deployed finding and search tools that provide browsing and searching access to certain subsets of these resources, depending on criteria such as n the type of resource; n its place within the libraries’ organizational structure; n its place within some arbitrarily defined topical categorization of library resources; n the perceived quality of its content; and n its uniqueness relative to other resources. n The case for MultiPAC Fragmentation of library resources and their interfaces is a growing problem in libraries, and UNLV Libraries is no exception.
     • keywords: figure; library; metadata; multipac; resources; search; view
     • versions: original; plain text
388. ital-3229
     • author: Ipri, Tom; Yunkin, Michael; Brown, Jeanne M.
     • title: Usability as a Method for Assessing Discovery
     • date: 2009-09-01
     • words: 1985
     • flesch: 62
     • summary: USABILITY AS A METHOD FOR ASSESSING DISCOVERY | IPRI, YUNkIN, AND BROWN 181 Tom Ipri, Michael Yunkin, and Jeanne M. Brown Usability as a Method for Assessing Discovery The University of Nevada Las Vegas Libraries engaged in three projects that helped identify areas of its website that had inhibited discovery of services and resources. Reference 1. Jennifer Church, Jeanne Brown, and Diane VanderPol, “Walking the Web: Usability Testing of Navigational Pathways at the University of Nevada Las Vegas Libraries,” in Usability Assessment of Library-Related Web Sites: Methods and Case Studies, ed.
     • keywords: libraries; usability
     • versions: original; plain text
389. ital-3230
     • author: Sommer, Thomas
     • title: UNLV Special Collections in the Twenty-First Century
     • date: 2009-09-01
     • words: 1656
     • flesch: 54
     • summary: ExTENT AND NATURE OF CIRCULATION (Average figures denote the average number of copies printed each issue during the preceding twelve months; actual figures denote actual number of copies of single issue published nearest to filing date: September 2009 issue). This collection brings together a wide range of original materials from var- ious collections located within UNLV Special Collections, the Nevada State Museum, the Historical Society in Las Vegas, and the Clark County Heritage Museum.
     • keywords: collections; special; unlv
     • versions: original; plain text
390. ital-3231
     • author: Starkweather, Wendy; Stowers, Eva
     • title: Smartphones: A Potential Discovery Tool
     • date: 2009-09-01
     • words: 1361
     • flesch: 40
     • summary: Here at UNLV, 37 percent of students and 26 percent of faculty and staff own a smartphone.7 The presentation itself highlighted the mobile appli- cations that were being developed in several libraries to enhance student research, provide library instruction, and promote library services. In response to the UNLV Libraries’ strategic plan’s focus on experimentation and outreach, the authors investigate the current and potential role of smart- phones as a valuable discovery tool for library users.
     • keywords: july; libraries; library
     • versions: original; plain text
391. ital-3232
     • author: Griffis, Patrick
     • title: Building Pathfinders with Free Screen Capture Tools
     • date: 2009-09-01
     • words: 1594
     • flesch: 58
     • summary: ExTENT AND NATURE OF CIRCULATION (Average figures denote the average number of copies printed each issue during the preceding twelve months; actual figures denote actual number of copies of single issue published nearest to filing date: September 2009 issue). Currently, many of these pathfinders are in text form, and experimentation with the tools outlined in this article can empower library staff to enhance their own pathfinders with screencast videos and screenshot tutorials.
     • keywords: unlv
     • versions: original; plain text
392. ital-3233
     • author: Griffis, Patrick
     • title: Enhancing OPAC Records for Discovery
     • date: 2009-09-01
     • words: 1651
     • flesch: 48
     • summary: The authors provide an examination of OPAC records at their own library, which illustrates the disparity of use- ful keywords and descriptions within the notes field for media item records versus electronic database records. n Disparity between media and database records At UNLV Libraries, terms included in the notes fields of bibliographic records are indexed for keyword searching.
     • keywords: records; subject
     • versions: original; plain text
393. ital-3234
     • author: Pace, Andrew K.
     • title: President's Message
     • date: 2008-12-01
     • words: 892
     • flesch: 58
     • summary: andrew K. Pace (pacea@oclc.org) is LITA President 2008/2009 and Executive Director, Networked Library Services at OCLC Inc. in Dublin, Ohio. While ALA itself is addressing this problem with recommendations for virtual participation and online collaboration, LITA should be at the forefront of setting the benchmark for virtual communication, par- ticipation, education, planning, and membership devel- opment.
     • keywords: lita
     • versions: original; plain text
394. ital-3235
     • author: Truitt, Marc
     • title: Editorial
     • date: 2008-12-01
     • words: 1794
     • flesch: 55
     • summary: What are not replaceable—at least not immediately—are library services to staff and patrons: access to comput- ing (networking, e-mail, productivity applications, etc.), Internet resources, and perhaps most importantly nowa- days, the licensed electronic content on which we and our patrons have so come to rely. That is, until that unthinkable something happens, and your organization is facing (or suffers) a catastrophic loss of IT services.
     • keywords: library; planning; services
     • versions: original; plain text
395. ital-3236
     • author: Hirst, Dona
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts
     • date: 2008-12-01
     • words: 2017
     • flesch: 64
     • summary: Select library IT staff began working in the background to set up new work environments for library staff returning to foreign workstations or relocated work environments. As library staff were collecting their critical posses- sions, the town was madly sandbagging.
     • keywords: library; staff; university
     • versions: original; plain text
396. ital-3237
     • author: Sease, Robin
     • title: Metaphor’s Role in the Information Behavior of Humans Interacting with Computers
     • date: 2008-12-01
     • words: 6645
     • flesch: 50
     • summary: Spink and Currier’s work launched a new theory of information use, which has led to recent research into metaphor use. Similar to the categorization theory of metaphor use, they claim that “metaphor instantiation is similar to a form of super- ordinate category instantiation . . .
     • keywords: behavior; human; information; metaphors; new; system; user
     • versions: original; plain text
397. ital-3238
     • author: Jeng, Judy
     • title: Evaluation of the New Jersey Digital Highway
     • date: 2008-12-01
     • words: 4757
     • flesch: 41
     • summary: T he New Jersey Digital Highway (NJDH, www .njdigitalhighway.org) is a digital library for New Jersey history and culture, including collections of New Jersey libraries, museums, archives, and his- torical societies. As for the librarians and curators’ portal, those cul- tural heritage professionals identified the Librarians and Curators’ Resource Center as the most useful resource in the NJDH, followed by the Digital Highway Collections Roadmap and associated guidelines, calendar, the searching capabilities of New Jersey Cultural Heritage Organizations, and New Jersey information.
     • keywords: digital; information; jersey; library; new; njdh; respondents
     • versions: original; plain text
398. ital-3239
     • author: Dalrymple, Tam
     • title: “Just-in-Case” Answers: The Twenty-FirstCentury Vertical File
     • date: 2008-12-01
     • words: 2375
     • flesch: 58
     • summary: In contrast, in the past year OCLC Library staff averaged 4.2 local knowledge base searches for every three questions received. The reaction of OCLC staff indicates that such personal messages, with con- tent summaries that allow recipients to quickly evaluate the contents, are more often read than OCLC Library RSS feeds—especially if items sent continue to be valuable.
     • keywords: knowledge; library; oclc
     • versions: original; plain text
399. ital-3240
     • author: Brown-Sica, Margaret
     • title: Playing Tag In the Dark: Diagnosing Slowness In Library Response Time
     • date: 2008-12-01
     • words: 2972
     • flesch: 60
     • summary: This article will discuss the various ways the systems (technology) department of the Auraria Library, which serves the University of Colorado–Denver, Metropolitan State College of Denver, and the Community College of Denver, tried to identify problems and improve database response time. When the network administrator checked the switches for network traffic, they showed low traffic, almost always less than 20 percent of capacity.
     • keywords: bandwidth; library; network; proxy
     • versions: original; plain text
400. ital-3241
     • author: Pace, Andrew K.
     • title: President's Message
     • date: 2008-09-01
     • words: 729
     • flesch: 67
     • summary: Andrew K. PacePresident’s Message andrew K. pace (pacea@oclc.org) is LITA President 2008/2009 and Executive Director, Networked Library Services at OCLC Inc. in Dublin, Ohio. Instead, I hope we can define a methodology by which LITA committees, interest groups, and the membership at large are empowered to both do the work of the division and benefit from it.
     • keywords: lita
     • versions: original; plain text
401. ital-3242
     • author: Truitt, Marc
     • title: Editorial
     • date: 2008-09-01
     • words: 1929
     • flesch: 62
     • summary: Electronic texts are a fact of life, and are becoming moreso every day. My vague, nagging sense is that what is changing is this style of approaching whole texts.
     • keywords: electronic; july; texts
     • versions: original; plain text
402. ital-3243
     • author: Bejune, Matthew M.
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts
     • date: 2008-09-01
     • words: 1646
     • flesch: 60
     • summary: Beyond computers, our library now loans out additional equipment including hard drives, digital cameras, and video cameras. Who would have thought that library computers would outpace Moore’s Law?!
     • keywords: libraries; social; software
     • versions: original; plain text
403. ital-3244
     • author: Cyzyk, Mark
     • title: From Our Readers: Virtues and Values in Digital Library Architecture
     • date: 2008-09-01
     • words: 2898
     • flesch: 65
     • summary: “I can’t guess what you’re thinking.” As system developers we’ve probably all had the magical experience of a Mind Meld with a fellow developer when working intensively on a project. Then create a small set of user roles to which these functions will be carefully mapped.
     • keywords: library; systems; users
     • versions: original; plain text
404. ital-3245
     • author: Morgan, Eric Lease
     • title: MyLibrary: A Digital Library Framework and Toolkit
     • date: 2008-09-01
     • words: 7485
     • flesch: 51
     • summary: MyLibrary resource objects provide a means to embody this information in a concise package. Since Dublin Core metadata is required of all OAI data repositories, and since MyLibrary sup- ports a one-to-one mapping to Dublin Core elements, it is trivial to create MyLibrary resource objects based on each of the harvested records.
     • keywords: combinations; facet; information; librarians; mylibrary; resources; term
     • versions: original; plain text
405. ital-3246
     • author: Turró, Mireia Ribera
     • title: Are PDF Documents Accessible?
     • date: 2008-09-01
     • words: 10580
     • flesch: 59
     • summary: | RiBERa tuRRó 25 Are PDF Documents Accessible? The only advantage that the digital presentation may have over a paper presentation is the possibility of optical zooming and increasing the text size to benefit persons with certain visual impairments. pDF text documents The second level of accessibility is that of PDF text docu- ments, which come from the same source as image files but have gone through an optical character recognition process and incorporate the resulting text in the file.
     • keywords: accessibility; content; documents; guideline; information; level; pdf; text; use
     • versions: original; plain text
406. ital-3247
     • author: Feher, James; Sondag, Tyler
     • title: Administering an Open-Source Wireless Network
     • date: 2008-09-01
     • words: 4114
     • flesch: 55
     • summary: APPENDIx A. Squid configuration changes # changes made to squid.conf # Lines needed for Squid 2.5 #httpd_accel_port 80 #httpd_accel_host virtual #httpd_accel_with_proxy on #httpd_accel_uses_host_header on # # One line needed in version 2.6 http_port 3128 transparent APPENDIx B. /etc/hosts entry on marla for localnet entry 127.0.0.1 marla localhost.localdomain localhost 66.128.109.60 bob 66.99.172.252 lance.mckendree.edu lance # next line is for the ssl certificate to work properly 192.168.176.1 chilli.localnet chilli intRoDucinG zoomiFY imaGE | smitH 47aDministERinG an opEn-souRcE wiRELEss nEtwoRK | FEHER anD sonDaG 47 APPENDIx C. Monitoring script #!/usr/bin/perl ######################################################### # = <<OUTPUT_FILE_FOR_REMOTE_HOST; #!/usr/bin/perl use strict; use Mail::Mailer; use CGI qw(:standard); my \$currentUser = \$ENV{‘USER’}; my \$lastTime = $startTime; my \$currentTime = time(); my \$message = “”; my \$systemStatus = “$defBGColor”; my \$toEmail = ‘$toEmail’; # check system status (FF0000 = down) if (\$currentTime > (\$lastTime + (60 * $updateMin))){ \$systemStatus = “#FF0000”; \$message = “<H1>Status Update Failed</H1>”; } # if this is cron running the script if (\$currentUser =~ “$webServUname”){ # send email if status is down & logFile doesn’t exist &sendEmail() if ( (\$systemStatus =~ “#FF0000”) && !(-e “$logFileName”) ); # delete log file if everything is up unlink(“$logFileName”) if ( (!(\$systemStatus =~ “#FF0000”)) && (-e “$logFileName”) ); } #else apache is accessing the page (its a web request) else{ #print the page print header(); ############################ # start of html output # ############################ print <<WEB_OUTPUT; <HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>$instName Wireless Status</TITLE> intRoDucinG zoomiFY imaGE | smitH 51aDministERinG an opEn-souRcE wiRELEss nEtwoRK
     • keywords: access; network; script
     • versions: original; plain text
407. ital-3248
     • author: Bland, Robert N.; Stoffan, Mark A.
     • title: Returning Classification to the Catalog
     • date: 2008-09-01
     • words: 2907
     • flesch: 47
     • summary: While these records could be filtered out by matching against LC class numbers that are found in our catalog and discard- ing non-matches, this would add yet another level of processing to an already complex process, as would handling the LC table subdivisions that are used in the LC schedules and that are separate from the stan- dard class numbers. Secondly, the LC MARC classification files require a subscription costing several thou- sands dollars per year, as well as a substantial payment for the retro- spective file needed to begin building the database of class numbers.
     • keywords: catalog; classification; subject
     • versions: original; plain text
408. ital-3250
     • author: Beatty, Mark
     • title: President's Message
     • date: 2008-06-01
     • words: 728
     • flesch: 48
     • summary: We are now, through surveys and meetings and focus groups, starting to know that new librarians and new LITA members are most interested in networking with their colleagues using multiple methods to fulfill the whole range of their professional and social needs. 2 inFoRmation tEcHnoLoGY anD LiBRaRiEs | junE 2008 mark Beatty (mbeatty@wils.wisc.edu) is LITA President 2007/2008 and Trainer, Wisconsin Library Services, Madison. Mark BeattyPresident’s Message I’ve recently read three quite different articles that surprisingly all had something similar to say with a different twist on the theme uppermost in my brain the last year or two.
     • keywords: libraries
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409. ital-3251
     • author: Truitt, Marc
     • title: Editorial
     • date: 2008-06-01
     • words: 891
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: This initiative included several innova- tive features not previously found in library catalogs, such as search result relevance ranking and the ability to perform faceted searching against a variety of controlled- vocabulary indices (subject/topical, form/genre, date, etc.) With our publication of Jennifer Bowen’s report on the first phase outcomes of the University of Rochester’s eXtensible catalog (XC) project in this issue of ITAL, we continue our commitment to publish important research in this area.
     • keywords: bibliographic; catalog
     • versions: original; plain text
410. ital-3252
     • author: Felker, Kyl
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts
     • date: 2008-06-01
     • words: 1492
     • flesch: 68
     • summary: At the same time, most libraries are feeling a finan- cial pinch. In each issue of ITAL, one of our board members will reflect on some question related to technol- ogy and libraries.
     • keywords: library; marketing
     • versions: original; plain text
411. ital-3253
     • author: Bowen, Jennifer
     • title: Metadata to Support Next-Generation Library Resource Discovery: Lessons from the eXtensible Catalog, Phase 1
     • date: 2008-06-01
     • words: 11049
     • flesch: 46
     • summary: XC’s architecture actually solves many of these problems by facilitating the sharing of enriched metadata among XC users. The metadata services hub architecture provides flexibility and possible economy for XC users by offering the option for multiple XC insti- tutions to share a single metadata hub, thus allowing participating institutions to take full advantage of the hub’s capabilities to aggregate and augment metadata from multiple sources.
     • keywords: development; libraries; library; marc; metadata; project; requirements; services; system; web
     • versions: original; plain text
412. ital-3254
     • author: Feldmann, Louise; Wess, Lindsey; Moothart, Tom
     • title: An Assessment of Student Satisfaction with a Circulating Laptop Service
     • date: 2008-06-01
     • words: 4223
     • flesch: 63
     • summary: n Results With the strong emphasis on assessment at Colorado State University, it was decided to formally survey laptop users on their satisfaction with the program. In the meantime, 100 power strips were added to tables used heavily by laptop users.
     • keywords: laptop; library; service; survey; wireless
     • versions: original; plain text
413. ital-3255
     • author: Smith II, Plato
     • title: Preparing Locally Encoded Electronic Finding Aid Inventories for Union Environments: A Publishing Model for Encoded Archival Description
     • date: 2008-06-01
     • words: 3125
     • flesch: 47
     • summary: Researchers now have a single-point search interface to search EADs @ FSU across all our digital collections/ institutional repository (see figure 3); the ability to search within the finding aids via full-text indexing of PDFs; the option of brief (thumb- nails with EAD, HTM, PDF, and XML manifes- tation icons), table (title, creator, and identifier), and full (complete EAD finding aid DC record with manifestations) views of search results, which provides different levels of exposures of EAD finding aids; and the ability to save/e-mail search results. Preparing Locally Encoded Electronic Finding Aid Inventories for Union Environments: A Publishing Model for Encoded Archival Description Author ID (to come) Plato L. Smith II This paper will briefly discuss encoded archival descrip- tion (EAD) finding aids, the workflow and process involved in encoding finding aids using EAD metadata standard, our institution’s current publishing model for EAD finding aids, current EAD metadata enhancement, and new developments in our publishing model for EAD finding aids at Florida State University Libraries.
     • keywords: aids; archival; ead; finding; fsu
     • versions: original; plain text
414. ital-3256
     • author: Brenner, Michaela
     • title: Discovering the Library with Google Earth
     • date: 2008-06-01
     • words: 3308
     • flesch: 61
     • summary: One more recent feature is that KML files, created in Google Earth, can now also be viewed on the Web by simply entering the URL of the KML file into the search box of Google Maps (figure 12), thus cre- ating Google Earth placemarks in Figure 3. “Google now reigns” “Google now reigns,” claims Karen Markey (Markey 2007), and many others agree that using Google is easier and more appealing to most than using library catalogs.
     • keywords: earth; figure; google; library
     • versions: original; plain text
415. ital-3257
     • author: Beatty, Mark
     • title: President’s Message: Doing Something about Life’s Persistent Problems?
     • date: 2008-03-01
     • words: 526
     • flesch: 69
     • summary: We’ve seen that our LITA members want more community from our association, so it makes sense to us that our patrons also want community. Currently we librarians seem to be hitching our wagon to the idea of library as community because in part it’s what we ourselves want.
     • keywords: community
     • versions: original; plain text
416. ital-3258
     • author: Truitt, Marc
     • title: Editorial: Beginnings
     • date: 2008-03-01
     • words: 1512
     • flesch: 57
     • summary: I’m thinking about how we might expand this to include a similar column contributed by ITAL readers. ■ What’s inside this issue ITAL content has traditionally represented an eclectic blend of the best mainstream and leading/bleeding edge of library technology.
     • keywords: ital; technology
     • versions: original; plain text
417. ital-3259
     • author: Mi, Jia; Weng, Cathy
     • title: Revitalizing the Library OPAC: Interface, Searching, and Display Challenges
     • date: 2008-03-01
     • words: 11759
     • flesch: 56
     • summary: Since presenting keyword search as the default has proved effective, libraries using title search as their OPAC default search option might want to recon- sider switching their default setting to keyword. Instead, what was usually offered was a redirect feature via hyperlink that prompted the system to issue a new author or title search.
     • keywords: author; bibliographic; display; information; keyword; libraries; library; opac; search; title; users
     • versions: original; plain text
418. ital-3260
     • author: Dickey, Timothy J.
     • title: FRBRization of a Library Catalog: Better Collocation of Records, Leading to Enhanced Search, Retrieval, and Display
     • date: 2008-03-01
     • words: 7848
     • flesch: 48
     • summary: Searches were tested on the The Ohio State University Libraries’ OPAC , http://library.osu.edu (accessed Mar. 10, 2007). The FRBR theoretical framework has remained an area of intense research at OCLC, which has even led to some prototype applications and, very recently, deploy- ment in the WorldCat Local interface.32 A scattered few other researchers have crafted FRBR catalogs and catalog displays for their own ends; the Library of Congress has a prototype as well.
     • keywords: bibliographic; catalog; frbr; information; library; mar; music; records; relationships; work
     • versions: original; plain text
419. ital-3261
     • author: Haley, Connie K.
     • title: Online Workplace Training in Libraries
     • date: 2008-03-01
     • words: 5505
     • flesch: 57
     • summary: As more people have online training experience, their attitudes toward online training may change. aRtiCLE titLE | autHoR 33onLinE WoRkpLaCE tRaininG in LiBRaRiEs | HaLEY 33 This study was designed to explore and describe the relationships between preference for online training and traditional face-to-face training.
     • keywords: face; library; online; preference; training
     • versions: original; plain text
420. ital-3262
     • author: Wan, Gary (Gang); Liu, Zao
     • title: Content-Based Information Retrieval and Digital Libraries
     • date: 2008-03-01
     • words: 4656
     • flesch: 57
     • summary: The second method—the most popular technique used today—is text- based retrieval. One of the most well-known CBIR systems is query by image content (QBIC), which was developed by IBM.
     • keywords: content; digital; information; libraries; retrieval; search
     • versions: original; plain text
421. ital-3263
     • author: Jeong, Wooseob
     • title: Touchable Online Braille Generator
     • date: 2008-03-01
     • words: 3472
     • flesch: 54
     • summary: These issues hinder the effectiveness of force feedback displays for the blind. 10 Langrana and others used the Rutgers Master II, a dexterous, portable master for virtual reality simulations for force feedback using four fingers.
     • keywords: blind; braille; feedback; force; information
     • versions: original; plain text
422. ital-3265
     • author: Webb, John
     • title: Editorial: Farewell and Thank You
     • date: 2007-12-01
     • words: 1132
     • flesch: 67
     • summary: To Marc Truitt, ITAL managing editor and the incom­ ing ITAL editor for the 2008–2010 volume years, I must say, “Thank you, thank you, thank you!” Editorial: Farewell and Thank You John Webb This issue of Information Technology and Libraries (ITAL), December 2007, marks the end of my term as editor.
     • keywords: ital; lita
     • versions: original; plain text
423. ital-3266
     • author: Kim, Yong-Mi; Ahronheim, Judy; Suzuka, Kara; King, Louis E.; Bruell, Dan; Miller, Ron; Johnson, Lynn
     • title: Enterprise Digital Asset Management System Pilot: Lessons Learned
     • date: 2007-12-01
     • words: 9823
     • flesch: 47
     • summary: In brief, DAM systems are not only repositories of digital­rich media content and the associated metadata, but also provide management functionalities similar to database manage­ ment systems, including access control.3 A DAM system can “ingest digital assets, store and index assets for easy searching, retrieve assets for use in many environments, and manage the rights associated with those assets.”4 The vision for enterprise DAM at U­M is for digital assets to not only be stored in a secure repository, but also be findable, accessible, and usable by the appropriate persons in the university community in their academic endeavors.
     • keywords: assets; dam; digital; enterprise; feb; information; lab; living; metadata; system; university; use
     • versions: original; plain text
424. ital-3267
     • author: Lankes, R. David; Silverstein, Joanne; Nicholson, Scott
     • title: Participatory Networks: The Library As Conversation
     • date: 2007-12-01
     • words: 13506
     • flesch: 55
     • summary: This section seeks to highlight promising developments in integrating library systems well beyond the library catalog and to highlight not only an ideal endpoint, but also how this ideal system is truly participatory. merging reference and community involvement The functional area furthest along in the integration of participatory librarianship is reference; as reference is most readily recognizable as a conversation, this comes as no surprise. This new model, of patrons adding information directly to library systems, is not as radical as it may first appear.
     • keywords: catalog; community; conversation; information; libraries; library; networks; new; participatory; services; systems; technology; user; web
     • versions: original; plain text
425. ital-3268
     • author: Jaeger, Paul T.; Fleischmann, Kenneth R.
     • title: Public Libraries, Values, Trust, and E-Government
     • date: 2007-12-01
     • words: 9022
     • flesch: 43
     • summary: Amazingly, federal government support accounts for only about 1 percent of public library funding.59 Given that federal government agencies are already relying on public libraries to ensure access to e­government and fos­ ter community response and recovery in times of emer­ gencies, federal support for these social roles of the public library clearly can and should be increased significantly. In a large­ scale national survey, 64 percent of respondents, including both users and non­users of public libraries, asserted that providing public access to the Internet should be one of the highest priorities for public libraries.17
     • keywords: access; e­government; information; internet; internet access; library; public libraries; role; trust; values
     • versions: original; plain text
426. ital-3269
     • author: HAN, Yan; Rawan, Atifa
     • title: Afghanistan Digital Library Initiative: Revitalizing an Integrated Library System
     • date: 2007-12-01
     • words: 2183
     • flesch: 54
     • summary: Recent developments in digital libraries have resulted in dis­ tributed systems in libraries, and the ILS is treated as one of many digital library systems. DLA’s goal is to build the capacity of Afghan libraries and librarians to work with open source digital libraries platforms; and to provide and enhance access to schol­ arly information resources and open content that all Afghanistan univer­ sities can share.
     • keywords: afghanistan; ils; library; open
     • versions: original; plain text
427. ital-3270
     • author: Beatty, Mark
     • title: President's Column
     • date: 2007-09-01
     • words: 731
     • flesch: 69
     • summary: it was pretty obvious that members want community in all its various forms, face­to­face in multiple venues and online in multiple venues. As social organizations, libraries, ALA, LITA and other groups, it appears that we have plucked all the low­hanging fruit of Web 1.0.
     • keywords: lita
     • versions: original; plain text
428. ital-3271
     • author: Katz, Irvin R.
     • title: Testing Information Literacy in Digital Environments: ETS's iSkills Assessment
     • date: 2007-09-01
     • words: 5844
     • flesch: 41
     • summary: This article describes ETS’s iSkills assessment (for­ merly “ICT Literacy Assessment”), an Internet­based assessment of information literacy skills that arise in the context of technology. Assessing information literacy skills in the Cali­ fornia State University: A progress report.
     • keywords: assessment; ict; information; literacy; skills; students; tasks; technology
     • versions: original; plain text
429. ital-3272
     • author: Spiteri, Louise F.
     • title: The Structure and Form of Folksonomy Tags: The Road to the Public Library Catalog
     • date: 2007-09-01
     • words: 9263
     • flesch: 59
     • summary: Single­term tags constitute 93 percent of Delicious tags, 76 percent of Furl tags, and 80 percent of Technorati tags. Unique entities constitute 22 percent of Delicious tags, 14 percent of Furl tags, and 49 percent of Technorati tags.
     • keywords: delicious; example; folksonomy; form; nouns; sites; tags; terms; use
     • versions: original; plain text
430. ital-3273
     • author: Bejune, Matthew
     • title: Wikis in Libraries
     • date: 2007-09-01
     • words: 6954
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: This wiki is a collection of resources and services in print and electronic formats to assist library patrons with subject area searching. First, perhaps one of the reasons is the result of the way in which libraries are conceived by library patrons and librarians alike.
     • keywords: author; collaboration; libraries; library; patrons; staff; university; wiki; work
     • versions: original; plain text
431. ital-3274
     • author: Lacasta, Javier; Nogueras-Iso, Javier; López-Pellicer, Francisco Javier; Muro-Medrano, Pedro Rafail; Zarazaga-Soria, Francisco Javier
     • title: ThManager: An Open Source Tool for Creating and Visualizing SKOS
     • date: 2007-09-01
     • words: 10285
     • flesch: 56
     • summary: First, the ergonomics will be improved to show connections between different thesauri. The ThManager tool not only has been created as an independent tool to facilitate thesauri management, but also to allow easy integration in tools that need to use thesauri.
     • keywords: concepts; information; list; metadata; rdf; skos; thesauri; thesaurus; tool; use
     • versions: original; plain text
432. ital-3275
     • author: Postlethwaite, Bonnie
     • title: President's Column
     • date: 2007-06-01
     • words: 847
     • flesch: 63
     • summary: The other important networking opportunity for LITA members was the LITA Town Meeting led by LITA Vice President Mark Beatty. I anticipate that LITA members will see some great new things happening in the next year.
     • keywords: lita
     • versions: original; plain text
433. ital-3276
     • author: Webb, John
     • title: Editorial: The Virtues of Deliberation
     • date: 2007-06-01
     • words: 924
     • flesch: 58
     • summary: Likewise they should be offended if our articles discuss library technology issues misusing technical terms or concepts, or confusing technical issues with policy issues, or stating technology problems or issues in the title or abstract or introduction then omitting any mention of said problems until the final paragraph(s). Admittedly, some of them may have done so because I asked them, and their replies to me were the polite ones that one expects of the honorable members of the Library and Information Technology Association of the American Library Association.
     • keywords: technology
     • versions: original; plain text
434. ital-3277
     • author: Jaeger, Paul T.; Bertot, John Carlo; McClure, Charles R.; Rodriguez, Miranda
     • title: Public Libraries and Internet Access across the United States: A Comparison by State 2004–2006
     • date: 2007-06-01
     • words: 8556
     • flesch: 57
     • summary: Public libraries must also focus on increasing provi­ sion of Internet access in light of federal, state, and local governments recently adding yet another significant level of services to public libraries by “requesting” that they provide access to and training in using numerous e­gov­ ernment services. A sample was drawn to accurately represent metropolitan status (roughly equating to their designation of urban, suburban, or rural libraries), poverty levels (as derived through census data), state libraries, and the national picture, producing a sample of 6,979 public library out­ lets.7 The survey received a total of 4,818 responses for a response rate of 69 percent.
     • keywords: access; internet; libraries; library; public; public libraries; states
     • versions: original; plain text
435. ital-3278
     • author: Thornburg, Gail; Oskins, W. Michael
     • title: Misinformation and Bias in Metadata Processing: Matching in Large Databases
     • date: 2007-06-01
     • words: 8254
     • flesch: 58
     • summary: Bias can be defined as factors in the creation or processing of database records that feed on misinformation or missing information, and skew charac­ terizations of the database records in question. Fail to take note of salient differences between incom­ ing record and database record, and the match will be wrong, undetected, and potentially hard to detect in the future.
     • keywords: bias; database; i2=; information; libraries; matching; metadata; publisher; records; sa><d
     • versions: original; plain text
436. ital-3279
     • author: Brooks, Sam; Herrick, Mark
     • title: Index Blending: Enabling the Development of Definitive, Discipline-Specific Resources
     • date: 2007-06-01
     • words: 5498
     • flesch: 44
     • summary: Index Blending is the process of database development whereby various components are merged and refined to create a single encompassing source of information. From a business perspective, in order to justify the amount of resources that would inevitably be expended to develop a high-end, comprehensive database, the basic criteria needed for database development must first be in place.
     • keywords: blending; communication; database; ebsco; hospitality; index; tourism
     • versions: original; plain text
437. ital-3280
     • author: Sondag, Tyler; Feher, Jim
     • title: Open Source Wifi Hotspot Implementation
     • date: 2007-06-01
     • words: 5008
     • flesch: 62
     • summary: eth2 ­s 10.5.3.30 ­j ACCEPT # Set up transparent proxy for wireless network, but allow # connections that go through to the campus network # to bypass proxy iptables ­t nat ­A PREROUTING ­i eth2 ! \ ­d 66.99.172.0/23 ­p tcp ­­dport 80 ­s 10.5.0.0/16 \ ­j DNAT ­­to­destination 10.4.1.90:3128 # nat iptables ­t nat ­A POSTROUTING ­o eth0 \ ­j MASQUERADE # simple port knocking to allow port 22 connection adapted # from www.shorewall.net/PortKnocking.html1 another # excellent document can be found at # www.debian-administration.org/articles/26814 # once connection started let it continue iptables
     • keywords: access; network; server; set
     • versions: original; plain text
438. ital-3281
     • author: Herrera, Gail
     • title: MetaSearching and Beyond: Implementation Experiences and Advice from an Academic Library
     • date: 2007-06-01
     • words: 6682
     • flesch: 60
     • summary: However, this is the kind of tool to which Web users have become accustomed and certainly seems to fill a need that to date has been lacking where library electronic resources are concerned. It might also be necessary to shorten the time­out period for limited user resources.
     • keywords: libraries; library; metasearch; product; resources; search; users
     • versions: original; plain text
439. ital-3282
     • author: Postlethwaite, Bonnie
     • title: President's Column
     • date: 2007-03-01
     • words: 830
     • flesch: 43
     • summary: ALA regularly calls on LITA to provide expertise on developing standards that per­ tain to library technology. A new means of contributing to the dialogue about developing standards is to participate in the LITA Wiki where Diane Hillman will be leading the way in posting information about various library technology standards.
     • keywords: lita; standards
     • versions: original; plain text
440. ital-3283
     • author: Webb, John
     • title: Editorial: Reflections on Forty
     • date: 2007-03-01
     • words: 1160
     • flesch: 62
     • summary: Please check all answers that best describe what effect, if any, use of Facebook in the library has had on library services and operations?  Has increased patron traffic  Has increased patron use of computers  Has created computer access problems for patrons  Has created bandwidth problems or slowed down Internet access  Has generated complaints from other patrons  Annoys library faculty and staff  Interests library faculty and staff  Has generated discussion among library faculty and staff about Facebook 14. To paraphrase an oft­cited goal, they were systems designed to attempt to control the rate of rise of library costs of operations—to improve the efficiency and effec­ tiveness of internal library processes.
     • keywords: library
     • versions: original; plain text
441. ital-3284
     • author: Shen, Yi
     • title: Information Seeking in Academic Research: A Study of the Sociology Faculty at the University of Wisconsin-Madison
     • date: 2007-03-01
     • words: 7584
     • flesch: 44
     • summary: These findings refine the understanding of the dynamic relationship between information systems and services and their users within social-scientific research practice and provide implica- tions for scholarly information-system development. The purpose of this study is to extend the findings of the pre­ vious studies by examining social scientists’ information needs and their activities and perceptions in relation to today’s information systems and services.
     • keywords: information; people; practice; research; resources; scientists; seeking; social; study; use
     • versions: original; plain text
442. ital-3285
     • author: Bertot, John Carlo; McClure, Charles R.
     • title: Assessing Sufficiency and Quality of Bandwidth for Public Libraries
     • date: 2007-03-01
     • words: 5876
     • flesch: 45
     • summary: Public library outlet maximum speed of public-access Internet services by metropolitan status and poverty Metropolitan status Poverty level Maximum speed Urban Suburban Rural Low Medium High Overall Less than 56kbps 0.7% ±0.8% (n=18) 0.4% ±0.6% (n=17) 3.7% ±1.9% (n=275) 2.0% ±1.4% (n=245) 2.7% ±1.6% (n=61) 2.6% ±1.6% (n=5) 2.1% ±1.4% (n=311) 56kbps– 128kbps 2.5% ±1.6% (n=67) 5.4% ±2.3% (n=264) 15.2% ±3.6% (n=1,132) 9.9% ±3.0% (n=1,237) 9.5% ±2.9% (n=216) 5.3% ±2.2% (n=10) 9.8% ±3.0% (n=1,463) 129kbps– 256kbps 2.7% ±1.6% (n=72) 6.8% ±2.5% (n=332) 11.1% ±3.1% (n=829) 8.5% ±2.8% (n=1,067) 7.3% ±2.6% (n=166) - 8.2% ±2.8% (n=1,233) 257kbps–768kbps 9.1% ±2.9% (n=241) 10.4% ±3.1% (n=504) 13.4% ±3.4% (n=1,002) 12.5% ±3.3% (n=1,557) 8.4% ±2.8% (n=190) - 11.7% ±3.2% (n=1,747) 769kbps– 1.5mbps 33.6% ±4.7% (n=889) 40.0% ±4.9% (n=1,945) 31.0% ±4.6% (n=2,310) 34.3% ±4.8% (n=4,286) 34.6% ±4.8% (n=788) 38.1% ±4.9% (n=70) 34.4% ±4.8% (n=5,144) Greater than 1.5mbps 49.4% ±5.0% (n=1,304) 31.6% ±4.7% (n=1,533) 19.9% ±4.0% (n=1,488) 27.4% ±4.5% (n=3,423) 35.5% ±4.8% (n=808) 50.5% ±5.0% (n=93) 28.9% ±4.5% (n=4,324) Don’t know 1.9% ±1.4% (n=50) 5.4% ±2.3% (n=263) 5.7% ±2.3% (n=427) 5.5% ±2.3% (n=685) 2.1% ±1.4% (n=48) 3.5% ±1.8% (n=6) 4.9% ±2.2% (n=739) Weighted missing values, n=1,497 Table 2.
     • keywords: access; bandwidth; libraries; library; public; services; workstations
     • versions: original; plain text
443. ital-3286
     • author: Charnigo, Laurie; Barnett-Ellis, Paula
     • title: Checking Out Facebook.com: The Impact of a Digital Trend on Academic Libraries
     • date: 2007-03-01
     • words: 8708
     • flesch: 53
     • summary: In a Web seminar on issues regarding Facebook use in higher education, Shawn McGuirk, director of Judicial Affairs, Mediation, and Education at Fitchburg State College, Massachusetts, recommends that administrators and others concerned with students posting potentially incriminating, embarrassing, or overtly personal infor­ mation draft a document similar to the one created by Cornell University’s Office of Information Technologies, which advises students on how to safely and responsibly use online social networking sites similar to Facebook.18 After pointing out the positive benefits of Facebook and reassuring students that Cornell University is proud of its liberal policy in not monitoring online social networks, the essay, entitled “Thoughts on Facebook,” provides poignant advice and examples of privacy issues revolv­ ing around Facebook and similar Web sites.19 The Golden Rule of this essay states: Don’t say anything about someone else that you would not want said about yourself. Only one library was forced to develop a policy for specifically addressing computer­use concerns as a result of Facebook use.
     • keywords: academic; facebook; information; librarians; library; online; social; students; use
     • versions: original; plain text
444. ital-3287
     • author: Bennett, Michael J.
     • title: OPAC Design Enhancements and Their Effects on Circulation and Resource Sharing within the Library Consortium Environment
     • date: 2007-03-01
     • words: 6058
     • flesch: 50
     • summary: Data from sixteen libraries covering a seven-year period were studied in order to determine the degree to which patrons may or may not utilize increasingly broader OPAC ILL options over time. were made to analyze the level of changes in circulation and ILL statistics between years before any OPAC ILL enhancements were under­ taken.
     • keywords: catalog; circulation; holds; ill; opac; total
     • versions: original; plain text
445. ital-3288
     • author: Smith, Adam
     • title: Introducing Zoomify Image
     • date: 2007-03-01
     • words: 2641
     • flesch: 52
     • summary: To add larger images more effi­ ciently, or to add images in bulk, the Zoomify Image distribution contains detailed documentation to quickly configure Zope to accept images via FTP or WebDAV and automatically process them through Zoomify Image when they are uploaded. A small Zoomifyer client, authored in Macromedia Flash, is embedded in an HTML page and makes asyn­ chronous requests to the server to stream image data back to the client as needed.
     • keywords: image; zoomify; zoomifyer; zope
     • versions: original; plain text
446. ital-3327
     • author: Chawner, Brenda; Lewis, Paul H.
     • title: WikiWikiWebs: New Ways to Communicate in a Web Environment
     • date: 2006-03-01
     • words: 158
     • flesch: 24
     • summary: New Ways to Communicate in a Web Environment Chawner, Brenda;Lewis, Paul H Information Technology and Libraries; Mar 2006; 25, 1; ProQuest Education Journals pg.
     • keywords: permission
     • versions: original; plain text
447. ital-3328
     • author: Herrero-Solano, Victor; Moya-Anegon, Felix; Guerrero-Bote, Vicente; Zapico-Alonso, Felipe
     • title: Graphical Table of Contents for Library Collections: The Application of Universal Decimal Classification Codes to Subject Maps
     • date: 2006-03-01
     • words: 91
     • flesch: 24
     • summary: Graphical Table of Contents for Library Collections: The Application ... Herrero-Solana, Victor;Félix Moya-Anegón;Guerrero-Bote, Vicente;Zapico-Alonso, Felipe Information Technology and Libraries; Mar 2006; 25, 1; ProQuest Education Journals pg.
     • keywords: permission
     • versions: original; plain text
448. ital-3329
     • author: Mullin, Patrick
     • title: President's Column
     • date: 2006-06-01
     • words: 857
     • flesch: 72
     • summary: Any technology organization that has been in existence for forty or more years has seen a lot of changes and adapted over time to a new environment and new technologies. All the while, during these four decades, our asso- ciation and its members continually adapted to the new environment, faced new challenges, and adopted new technologies.
     • keywords: library
     • versions: original; plain text
449. ital-3330
     • author: Webb, John
     • title: Editorial: LITA and ITAL: Forty and Still Counting
     • date: 2006-06-01
     • words: 949
     • flesch: 54
     • summary: The electronic copy will be available to LITA members and ITAL subscribers on the ALA/LITA Web site. In two surveys in the past ten years, LITA members have indicated they considered ITAL to be their most important membership benefit.
     • keywords: ital; lita
     • versions: original; plain text
450. ital-3331
     • author: Pomerantz, Jeffrey
     • title: Google Scholar and 100 Percent Availability of Information
     • date: 2006-06-01
     • words: 4614
     • flesch: 51
     • summary: Rather than providing instruction to users on simply using search engines, librarians may now assume that some percentage of library users possess this skill, and may focus on teaching higher-level infor- mation-literacy skills to users (www.ala.org/ala/acrl/ acrlstandards/informationliteracycompetency.htm). However, libraries are already the venue through which users access much online content—newspapers, journals, and other peri- odicals; reference sources; genealogical materials—even if many users do not physically come to the library or consult a librarian when using them.
     • keywords: google; information; library; scholar; users
     • versions: original; plain text
451. ital-3332
     • author: Wusteman, Judith; O'hlceadha, Padraig
     • title: Using Ajax to Empower Dynamic Searchinb
     • date: 2006-06-01
     • words: 5498
     • flesch: 62
     • summary: ARC—A Cross Archive Search Service, Old Dominion University Digital Library Research Group, http://arc.cs.odu .edu (accessed Apr. 5, 2006); NISO MetaSearch Initiative, www .niso.org/committees/MS_initiative.html (accessed Apr. 5, 2006); ARC download page, SourceForge, http://oaiarc.source forge.net (accessed Apr. 5, 2006). Google Toolbar, http://toolbar.google.com (accessed Apr. 5, 2006).
     • keywords: ajax; apr; ojax; results; search; user; web
     • versions: original; plain text
452. ital-3333
     • author: Brenner, Michaela; Larsen, Tom; Weston, Claudia
     • title: Digital Collection Management through the Library Catalog
     • date: 2006-06-01
     • words: 4397
     • flesch: 45
     • summary: ERM module are resource records (RR) created to reflect the peculiarities of a particular collection. First, resource records were manually created for three of the subcollections within the Bonner collection.
     • keywords: archival; collection; library; records; resource
     • versions: original; plain text
453. ital-3334
     • author: Kerchner, Marcia D.
     • title: A Dynamic Methodology for Improving the Search Experience
     • date: 2006-06-01
     • words: 6849
     • flesch: 47
     • summary: Optimizing search results without considering the rest of the search experience and without considering user behavior is missing an opportunity to further improve user success. The other approach to improving search results— replacing a search engine—is not a guarantee to fixing the problem because it focuses only on improving precision (and perhaps recall as well) without understanding the true barriers to a successful search experience.
     • keywords: content; experience; information; results; search; site; users
     • versions: original; plain text
454. ital-3335
     • author: Wan, Gang
     • title: Visualizations for Digital Libraries
     • date: 2006-06-01
     • words: 4424
     • flesch: 54
     • summary: All these aspects of digital libraries make information visualizations more complicated in this envi- ronment. Author Name and Second Author The concept of digital libraries is familiar to both librar- ians and library patrons today.
     • keywords: digital; information; libraries; library; user
     • versions: original; plain text
455. ital-3337
     • author: MacPherson, Deborah L.
     • title: Digitizing the Non-Digital: Creating a Global Context for Events, Artifacts, Ideas, and Information
     • date: 2006-06-01
     • words: 5620
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: If digital information is reliable, someone in a remote place or in the future should not need to collect the same information again or unintentionally retrieve out-of-date or duplicate results. In today’s frantic information overload, we should not forget that digital information—and even cold, hard, raw data—is more than ones and zeros.
     • keywords: able; context; digital; ideas; information; knowledge; records
     • versions: original; plain text
456. ital-3338
     • author: Nicholson, Scott
     • title: Writing Your First Scholarly Article: A Guide for Budding Authors in Librarianship
     • date: 2006-06-01
     • words: 2905
     • flesch: 69
     • summary: Ask them if they can read your work by a specific date, as this type of review work is easy to put off when work gets busy. The best way to start writing is to read other articles!
     • keywords: article; work; writing
     • versions: original; plain text
457. ital-3339
     • author: Shapiro, Debra
     • title: Strategic Planning and Management for Library Managers
     • date: 2006-06-01
     • words: 588
     • flesch: 53
     • summary: Matthews’s book attempts to provide information on how to explore strat- egies; demystify false impressions about strategies; how strategies play a role in the planning and delivery of library services; broad categories of library strategies that can be used; and identification of new ways to communicate the impact of strategies to patrons. Strategic planning is one of those duties assigned to library managers and leaders that often get pushed to the lowest-priority list, mainly because there are few guide- lines and handbooks available in this area.
     • keywords: school
     • versions: original; plain text
458. ital-3340
     • author: Postlethwaite, Bonnie
     • title: President's Column
     • date: 2006-09-01
     • words: 911
     • flesch: 55
     • summary: For forty years now, LITA members have been dedicated to the association’s work, and we have been celebrating our fortieth anniversary throughout 2006. While the national conferences were very successful, the idea of a more infor- mal, intimate event to be held annually took form, and in 1998 LITA held its first annual National Forum.
     • keywords: lita; national
     • versions: original; plain text
459. ital-3341
     • author: Webb, John
     • title: Editorial: A Confession, a Speculation, and a Farewell
     • date: 2006-09-01
     • words: 903
     • flesch: 53
     • summary: The members of this group from the RLG board are: James Neal, vice president for Information Services and University Librarian, Columbia University; Nancy Eaton, dean of University Libraries and Scholarly Communication, Penn State University (and for- mer chair of the OCLC Board); and Carol Mandel, dean of libraries, New York University. From OCLC the members are Elisabeth Niggeman, director, DeutschesBibliothek; Jane Ryland, senior scientist, Internet 2; and Betsy Wilson, dean of University Libraries, University of Washington.”
     • keywords: oclc; rlg
     • versions: original; plain text
460. ital-3342
     • author: Antelman, Kristen; Lynema, Emily; Pace, Andrew K.
     • title: Toward a Twenty-First Century Catalog
     • date: 2006-09-01
     • words: 8883
     • flesch: 51
     • summary: Except for task 9*, there is clearly a trend of significantly decreased average task duration for Endeca catalog users. Relevance Relevance ranking of search results is clearly the most important im-provement in the new catalog.
     • keywords: catalog; endeca; information; keyword; library; online; results; search; searching; subject; users
     • versions: original; plain text
461. ital-3344
     • author: Bailey Jr., Charles W.
     • title: Strong Copyright + DRM + Weak Net Neutrality = Digital Dystopia?
     • date: 2006-09-01
     • words: 10742
     • flesch: 50
     • summary: Or—in light of the unprecedented transformational power of these tools to create new digital works, and their widespread use both within libraries and on campus—do academic libraries bear heavier responsibilities regarding copyright compli- ance, permission-seeking, and education? Similar issues arise when faculty want to place self-cre- ated digital works that incorporate copyrighted materials in electronic reserves systems or institutional repositories. In 2006, ฀ virtually every type of work imaginable is under automatic copyright protection for extended periods of time; ฀ private use of digital works is increasingly visible and of concern to copyright holders; ฀ the public domain is endangered; and ฀ ordinary citizens are being prosecuted as “pirates” under draconian statutory and criminal penalties.
     • keywords: companies; content; copyright; digital; drm; information; internet; law; libraries; new; rights; use; works
     • versions: original; plain text
462. ital-3345
     • author: Fagan, Jody Condit
     • title: Usability Testing of a Large, Multidisciplinary Library Database: Basic Search and Visual Search
     • date: 2006-09-01
     • words: 7272
     • flesch: 63
     • summary: Aravindan Veerasamy and Nicholas J. Belkin, “Evaluation of a Tool for Visualization of Information Retrieval Results,” SIGIR Forum (ACM Special Interest Group on Information Retrieval) (1996): 85–93; Katy Börner and Javed Mostafa, “JoDL Special Issue on Information Visualization Interfaces for Retrieval and Analysis,” International Journal on Digital Libraries 5, no. 1 (2005): 1–2; Ozgur Turetken and Ramesh Sharda, “Clustering-based Visual Interfaces for Presentation of Web Search Results: An Empirical Investigation,” Information Systems Frontiers 7, no. 3 (2005): 273–97. Web search-engine research has shown that the number of searchers viewing only the first results page has increased from 29 percent in 1997 to 73 percent in 2002 for United States-based Web search- engines users.1 Additionally, the mean number of results viewed per query in 2001 was 2.5 documents.2 This may indicate either increasing relevance in search results or an increase in simplistic Web interactions.
     • keywords: basic; groups; library; results; search; students; visual
     • versions: original; plain text
463. ital-3346
     • author: LeVan, Ralph
     • title: OpenSearch and SRU: A Continuum of Searching
     • date: 2006-09-01
     • words: 2464
     • flesch: 64
     • summary: Levan OPENSEARCH AND SRU | LEVAN 151 Not all library content can be exposed as HTML pages for harvesting by search engines such as Google and Yahoo!. Sup- pose it knows that its users prefer search engines that search the contents of many sites simultaneously, rather than site-specific engines such as the one on the library’s Web site.
     • keywords: engine; search
     • versions: original; plain text
464. ital-3347
     • author: Cheery, Joan M.; Muter, Paul; Szigeti, Steve J.
     • title: Bibliographic Displays in Web Catalogs: Does Conformity to Design Guidelines Correlate with User Performance?
     • date: 2006-09-01
     • words: 6193
     • flesch: 52
     • summary: The authors are aware of no other study indicating a negative correlation between user performance and con- formity to interface design guidelines. Row 1 of table 1 contains correlations between the total guidelines score and response times; Column 1 contains correlations between All Tasks (the sum of the five response times) and guidelines scores.
     • keywords: design; displays; guidelines; response; tasks; user; web
     • versions: original; plain text
465. ital-3348
     • author: Manzari, Laura; Trinidad-Christensen, Jeremiah
     • title: User-Centered Design of a Web Site for Library and Information Science Students: Heuristic Evaluation and Usability Testing
     • date: 2006-09-01
     • words: 5102
     • flesch: 55
     • summary: They developed the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines for making Web sites accessible to people with disabilities.8 Although articles have been written about usability testing of academic library Web sites, very little has been written about usability testing of special-collection Web sites for distinct user populations within larger academic settings.9 Recommendations for design of Web-based services for library patrons from LIS programs are dis- cussed, as well as implications for Web sites for special libraries within larger academic library settings.
     • keywords: design; library; lis; site; usability; web
     • versions: original; plain text
466. ital-3349
     • author: Salazar, Ed
     • title: Content Management for the Virtual Library
     • date: 2006-09-01
     • words: 3306
     • flesch: 56
     • summary: One such technology significantly improving the overall useful- ness of Web sites is a content management system (CMS). 4 Web site management, as expected, becomes cumbersome when a site exceeds two hundred or more static pages and a clear and structured system is not in place to maintain a proliferating number of Web pages.
     • keywords: elrc; library; site; virtual; web
     • versions: original; plain text
467. ital-3350
     • author: Postlethwaite, Bonnie
     • title: President's Column
     • date: 2006-12-01
     • words: 861
     • flesch: 60
     • summary: LITA members are often cutting- edge, applying new technologies to solve problems or to provide better solutions and services. I have been working with that group to identify new modes of deliver- ing our programs and to ensure that they maintain their relevancy to LITA members.
     • keywords: lita
     • versions: original; plain text
468. ital-3351
     • author: Hirst, Donna
     • title: Guest Editorial: Organizational Structure--Yesterday Informs the Present
     • date: 2006-12-01
     • words: 885
     • flesch: 56
     • summary: However, organizations frequently inform the patterns and processes of change—as well as no change. We live in an age where “opening” offers a context for change.
     • keywords: igs; lita
     • versions: original; plain text
469. ital-3352
     • author: Buckland, Michael; Chen, Aitao; Gey, Fredric C.; Larson, Ray R.
     • title: Search across Different Media: Numeric Data Sets and Text Files
     • date: 2006-12-01
     • words: 6082
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: However, the use of digital technology implies a degree of technical compat- ibility between different media, sometimes referred to as “media convergence,” and these developments encourage the prospect of being able to search across and between different media forms—notably text, images, sound, and numeric data sets—for different kinds of material relat- ing to the same topic. Therefore, attention was turned to a collection of different numeric data sets available through a single interface, Counting California, made available by California Digital Library at http://countingcalifornia.cdlib.org.
     • keywords: california; data; different; media; numeric; search; table; text
     • versions: original; plain text
470. ital-3353
     • author: Mitchell, Steve
     • title: Machine Assistance in Collection Building: New Tools, Research, Issues, and Reflections
     • date: 2006-12-01
     • words: 20648
     • flesch: 36
     • summary: The revolutions coming in computing power together with the low cost of this power—which will be almost ubiquitously distributed among users of library collections and services—promise much more change than libraries have seen in the last decade. How will this new capability for breadth and depth be defined and used in library collections?
     • keywords: assistance; automated; classification; collection; community; data; data fountains; fountains; information; learning; libraries; library; machine; metadata; new; oct; proceedings; resource; subject; text
     • versions: original; plain text
471. ital-3354
     • author: Peterson, Kate
     • title: Academic Web Site Design and Academic Templates: Where Does the Library Fit In?
     • date: 2006-12-01
     • words: 3420
     • flesch: 55
     • summary: ■ Problems with academictemplates on library Web sites The primary concern with any template is how much space is available for content. Another drawback to using academic templates for library Web sites can be the time involved in training librar- ians, staff, and library Web site administrators.
     • keywords: academic; library; template; web
     • versions: original; plain text
472. ital-3355
     • author: Thompson, Samuel T. C.
     • title: Helping the Hacker? Library Information, Security, and Social Engineering
     • date: 2006-12-01
     • words: 3015
     • flesch: 62
     • summary: Impersonation Because forming trust relationships with their victims is critical to a social- engineering attack, it is not surprising that social engineers often pretend to be someone or something that they are not. Research To establish trust in their victims, social engineers use research as a tool.
     • keywords: engineering; information; social
     • versions: original; plain text
473. ital-3356
     • author: Riggs, Colby Mariva
     • title: President's Column
     • date: 2005-03-01
     • words: 1408
     • flesch: 66
     • summary: Inviting � Forward thinking � Lack of bureaucracy � Flexibility �
     • keywords: lita; web
     • versions: original; plain text
474. ital-3357
     • author: Webb, John
     • title: Editorial: First Have Something to Say
     • date: 2005-03-01
     • words: 1431
     • flesch: 56
     • summary: In 1978 ISAD became LITA, and in 1982, the journal title was changed to reflect the expanding role of information tech- nology in libraries, an expansion that continues to accel- erate so that ITAL is no longer the only professional journal within ALA whose pages are now dominated by our accelerating use of information technologies as tools to manage the services we provide our users and as tools we use ourselves to accomplish our daily duties. I hope to publish more articles on the management of information technologies.
     • keywords: information; journal
     • versions: original; plain text
475. ital-3358
     • author: Hutchinson, Hilary Browne; Rose, Anne; Bederson, Benjamin B.; Weeks, Ann Carlson; Druin, Allison
     • title: The International Children’s Digital Library: A Case Study in Designing for a Multilingual, Multicultural, Multigenerational Audience
     • date: 2005-03-01
     • words: 6422
     • flesch: 51
     • summary: Since many contributors do not have the time or ability to provide all of this informa- tion, volunteers who speak different languages are relied on to check the metadata that get submitted, and translate or transliterate them as necessary. However, both the Web site and the database had to be internationalized and localized to separate the template for metadata pres- entation from the content in different languages.
     • keywords: books; children; different; digital; icdl; interface; library
     • versions: original; plain text
476. ital-3359
     • author: Barnett-Ellis, Paula; Charnigo, Laurie
     • title: Wireless Networks in Medium-sized Academic Libraries: A National Survey
     • date: 2005-03-01
     • words: 5772
     • flesch: 63
     • summary: A concern about offering wireless network access in the library is how library staff will be prepared to handle the flood of technical questions that are likely to ensue. Results indicate that wireless networks are already available in many medium-sized academic libraries and that respondents from these institutions feel this technology is beneficial.
     • keywords: access; libraries; library; network; percent; wireless
     • versions: original; plain text
477. ital-3360
     • author: Roel, Eulalia
     • title: The MOSC Project: Using the OAI-PMH to Bridge Metadata Cultural Differences across Museums, Archives, and Libraries
     • date: 2005-03-01
     • words: 1831
     • flesch: 45
     • summary: One of these significant differences is of metadata cultures and practices. The aim of the MOSC project participants in selecting OAI-PMH is to maximize participation from fairly dis- parate kinds of organizations, with equally disparate kinds of metadata cultures and practices.
     • keywords: metadata; oai
     • versions: original; plain text
478. ital-3361
     • author: Gall, James E.
     • title: Dispelling Five Myths about E-books
     • date: 2005-03-01
     • words: 6350
     • flesch: 59
     • summary: Magazines, primary-source documents, online commentaries and reviews, and transcripts of audio or video presentations are just a short list of nonbook materials that are finding their way into e-book formats. Another irony is that the availabil- ity of free, public-domain materials in e-book format can be viewed as negative by the publishing industry.
     • keywords: book; digital; information; libraries; library; lita; new; technology
     • versions: original; plain text
479. ital-3362
     • author: Mitchell, Gregory A.
     • title: Distinctive Expertise: Multimedia, the Library, and the Term Paper of the Future
     • date: 2005-03-01
     • words: 3664
     • flesch: 58
     • summary: The fol- lowing factors have fostered advances in multimedia: � increase in processing power and decrease in cost of computer hardware; � quality and affordability of video equipment; � compression of multimedia files; � consumer broadband Internet access; and � current multimedia editing software The first two technology factors concern the equip- ment involved in multimedia production. The fourth factor is extremely critical for the success of multimedia Web applications.
     • keywords: library; multimedia; software; video
     • versions: original; plain text
480. ital-3363
     • author: Singh, Anil
     • title: Design and Development of a Himalayan Studies Information System for India: A Proposed Model
     • date: 2005-03-01
     • words: 5056
     • flesch: 22
     • summary: The need to set up HIMIS has, therefore, to be considered in the context of the rapid development of Himalayan information as well as the increasing awareness of its relevance to societal development.11 Objectives of HIMIS HIMIS will be fully computerized so that an efficient system of storage and retrieval could be organized through networks linking all the Himalayan- studies centers with each other. Bearing in mind the concern for setting up HIMIS, the first step is to identify the agencies and institutions that generate Himalayan information.
     • keywords: himalayan; india; information; libraries; library; research; studies; system
     • versions: original; plain text
481. ital-3365
     • author: Jeng, Judy
     • title: What Is Usability in the Context of the Digital Library and How Can It Be Measured
     • date: 2005-06-01
     • words: 6440
     • flesch: -6414
     • summary: Jeng ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ 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฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ 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฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀ ฀฀ ฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀ ฀฀ ฀฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀ ฀฀ ฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀฀ ฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀
     • keywords: ฀฀ ฀฀
     • versions: original; plain text
482. ital-3388
     • author: Fu, Ping; Fitzgerald, Moira
     • title: A Comparative Analysis on the Effect of the Chosen ILSes on Systems and Technical Services Staffing Models
     • date: 2013-09-15
     • words: 5448
     • flesch: 35
     • summary: We have learned from attending OCLC’s webinars and product demonstrations that library systems staff would be required to prepare and extract data from their local systems during new systems implementation. Therefore library systems staff could use their time to focus on local applications development and other library priority projects.
     • keywords: generation; ils; libraries; library; staff; staffing; systems
     • versions: original; plain text
483. ital-3420
     • author: Zimmer, Michael
     • title: Assessing the Treatment of Patron Privacy in Library 2.0 Literature
     • date: 2013-06-10
     • words: 4608
     • flesch: 42
     • summary: Assessing the Treatment of Patron Privacy in Library 2.0 Literature Michael Zimmer INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND LIBRARIES | JUNE 2013 29 ABSTRACT As libraries begin to embrace Web 2.0 technologies to serve patrons, ushering in the era of Library 2.0, unique dilemmas arise regarding protection of patron privacy. Thus embracing Library 2.0 potentially threatens the traditional ethics of librarianship, where protecting patron privacy and intellectual freedom has been held paramount.
     • keywords: information; libraries; library; patron; privacy; web
     • versions: original; plain text
484. ital-3421
     • author: Gureyev, Vadim Nikolaevich; Mazov, Nikolai Alekseevich
     • title: Detection of Information Requirements of Researchers Using Bibliometric Analyses to Identify Target Journals
     • date: 2013-12-22
     • words: 3616
     • flesch: 46
     • summary: Citing year Number of references Number of cited journals Average number of references in article 2007 1830 492 15.5 2008 1354 472 16.1 2009 1536 558 18.7 2010 1591 471 15.9 2011 1613 484 15.4 Table 2. Number of cited articles, cited journals, and mean number of references in article in the biomedical field References from articles not indexed in WoS were manually extracted, which takes time and effort. It will also be interesting to compare data for cited journals with their usage statistics.
     • keywords: articles; cited; journals; russian
     • versions: original; plain text
485. ital-3423
     • author: Southwell, Kristina L.; Slater, Jacquelyn
     • title: An Evaluation of Finding Aid Accessibility for Screen Readers
     • date: 2013-09-15
     • words: 5456
     • flesch: 51
     • summary: Additional headings or links to individual series or boxes provide even more options AN EVALUATION OF FINDING AID ACCESSIBILITY FOR SCREEN READERS | SOUTHWELL AND SLATER 43 for screen reader users. The presence of these problems underscores the fact that descriptive information needed by screen reader users is not reliably available in finding aids.
     • keywords: accessibility; aids; finding; libraries; library; screen
     • versions: original; plain text
486. ital-3471
     • author: Chickering, F. William; Yang, Sharon Q.
     • title: Evaluation and Comparison of Discovery Tools: An Update
     • date: 2014-06-22
     • words: 9058
     • flesch: 56
     • summary: Some of the features have been used in previous research on discovery tools. mailto:chick@rider.edu mailto:yangs@rider.edu EVALUATION AND COMPARISON OF DISCOVERY TOOLS: AN UPDATE | CHICKERING AND YANG 6 investigate link resolvers and discovery tools for federated searching and OPAC by summer 2011.
     • keywords: discovery; discovery tools; information; libraries; library; new; search; tools; university; user
     • versions: original; plain text
487. ital-3670
     • author: Praczyk, Piotr Adam; Nogueras-Iso, Javier
     • title: Automatic Extraction of Figures from Scientific Publications in High-Energy Physics
     • date: 2013-12-22
     • words: 11226
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: Inclusion of Text Parts The next step in figures extraction involves the inclusion of lost text parts inside figure candidates. Important information about figure content might be stored in the surroundings of the place where publication text refers to a figure.
     • keywords: algorithm; content; extraction; figure; graphical; operations; page; publications; scientific; text
     • versions: original; plain text
488. ital-3793
     • author: Colegrove, Patrick "Tod"
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: Libraries as Makerspace?
     • date: 2013-03-30
     • words: 1515
     • flesch: 40
     • summary: AND LIBRARIES | MARCH 2013 2 Recently there has been tremendous interest in “makerspace” and its potential in libraries: from middle school and public libraries to academic and special libraries, the topic seems very much top of mind. A number of libraries across the country have been actively expanding makerspace within the physical library and exploring its impact; as head of one such library, I can report that reactions to the associated changes have been quite polarized.
     • keywords: libraries; library; makerspace
     • versions: original; plain text
489. ital-3794
     • author: Harrison, David F.; Herber, Randolph J.
     • title: An Automated Music Programmer (MUSPROG)
     • date: 1969-03-01
     • words: 3008
     • flesch: 59
     • summary: In designing a coded set of instructions to per- form these tasks, it was deemed necessary that any attempt at the selec- tion or compilation of a series of music programs should be made in ac- cordance with certain criteria supplied to the system by the user, and that these selection specification parameters should closely parallel those which would be employed were such an extraction from the total librar- ies to be performed manually. 2/1 March, 1969 versity Computer Center be employed in the selection and updating of recorded music programs.
     • keywords: item; music; program; selected; selection
     • versions: original; plain text
490. ital-3795
     • author: Flora, Betty; Willhardt, John
     • title: High School Library Data Processing
     • date: 1969-03-01
     • words: 3121
     • flesch: 64
     • summary: The Port Huron District, Port Huron, Michigan, has an accounting machine, keypunch and verifier; among the operations performed are printing purchase orders and book cards. Other high schools using library data processing are the Oak Park-River Forest High School in Illinois; Beverly Hills, California; West Hartford, Connecticut; Weston, Massachusetts; and the Burnt Hills-Ballston Lake and Bedford-Mt. Kisco School Districts in New York State (1).
     • keywords: book; cards; library; school
     • versions: original; plain text
491. ital-3796
     • author: Warheit, I. A.
     • title: File Organization of Library Records
     • date: 1969-03-01
     • words: 5219
     • flesch: 62
     • summary: Third, file records are variable in length. Although present data man- agement systems are really not suitable, because of variable length rec- ords in item record files and because terminals will be used, it appears that some could be adapted.
     • keywords: file; library; list; organization; record; search
     • versions: original; plain text
492. ital-3797
     • author: Dattola, R. T.
     • title: A Fast Algorithm for Automatic Classification
     • date: 1969-03-01
     • words: 6411
     • flesch: 71
     • summary: Those documents which do not fall into any of the m clusters S/ are called loose documents, and they are assigned to a special class L . Generate the sets Sn,l, ••• , Sn,m and Ln by Sn,J=[i1lg( d~,,Pn-1,1 f:·T] Ln= (loose documents) { p n,J if, 'l g ( t1,P n,f) ?
     • keywords: classification; clusters; documents
     • versions: original; plain text
493. ital-3798
     • author: Goldwyn, A. J.; De Gennaro, Richard; Osborn, Laura K.; Guthrie, Gerry D.
     • title: Book Reviews
     • date: 1969-03-01
     • words: 1599
     • flesch: 58
     • summary: This remarkable little book is rapidly becoming a classic in the field of information science. The text in these chapters is crowded with material of the most varied and unexpected kinds: disquisitions on logic, formal organi- zation, outlining, interview techniques, information retrieval, the Dewey decimal system, the EJC Thesaurus, and much, much more.
     • keywords: book; computer; information
     • versions: original; plain text
494. ital-3811
     • author: Emanuel, Jenny
     • title: Digital Native Academic Librarians, Technology Skills, and Their Relationship with Technology
     • date: 2013-09-15
     • words: 6643
     • flesch: 57
     • summary: She would like to get more into the development side of library technology, but in her current job there is not the time or support to further advance those skills. They also consume technology without understanding how it works.13 Within libraries, technology skills related to new librarians have been studied by Del Bosque and Lampert, who surveyed librarians from a variety of library settings with less than nine years experience working as professional librarians.
     • keywords: digital; librarians; library; school; skills; technology
     • versions: original; plain text
495. ital-4303
     • author: Gerrity, Robert
     • title: Editor's Comments
     • date: 2013-03-30
     • words: 459
     • flesch: 43
     • summary: Microsoft Word - ital_march_gerrity.docx Editor’s Comments Bob Gerrity   INFORMATION  TECHNOLOGY  AND  LIBRARIES  |  MARCH  2013   1       With  this  issue,  Information  Technology  and  Libraries  (ITAL)  begins  its  second  year  as  an  open-­‐ access,  e-­‐only  publication.  There  have  been  a  couple  of  technical  hiccups  related  to  the  publication   of  back  issues  of  ITAL  previously  only  available  in  print:  the  publication  system  we’re  using  (Open   Journal  System)  treats  the  back  issues  as  new  content  and  automatically  sends  notifications  to   readers  who  have  signed  up  to  be  notified  when  new  content  is  available.   In  this  month’s  issue,  ITAL  Editorial  Board  member  Patrick  “Tod”  Colegrove  reflects  on  the   emergence  of  makerspace  phenomenon  in  libraries,  providing  an  overview  of  the  makerspace     landscape.
     • keywords: ital
     • versions: original; plain text
496. ital-4308
     • author: Cyzyk, Mark
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: "India Does Not Exist."
     • date: 2013-06-10
     • words: 992
     • flesch: 77
     • summary: You can get from India to anywhere in Europe very easily via India Air. To do so, I want to use as my example, as my straw man, not a technical question, but a more generic question, the sort of question anyone might conceivably ask.
     • keywords: india
     • versions: original; plain text
497. ital-4454
     • author: Valentino, Maura
     • title: Adding Value to the University of Oklahoma Libraries History of Science Collections through Digital Enhancement
     • date: 2014-03-25
     • words: 3036
     • flesch: 54
     • summary: All original manuscript page images and enhanced marginalia page images were imported into CONTENTdm following their creation. —Edgar Allan Poe ABSTRACT Much of the focus of digital collections has been and continues to be on rare and unique materials, including monographs.
     • keywords: digital; marginalia; notes; page
     • versions: original; plain text
498. ital-4520
     • author: O'Riordan, Adrian
     • title: Open Search Environments: The Free Alternative to Commercial Search Services
     • date: 2014-06-22
     • words: 5945
     • flesch: 44
     • summary: ”18 Interoperability in web search applies to resource harvesting, meta-search, and to allow search functions interact with other system elements. A technology with some similarities to OpenSearch but more comprehensive is SRU (Search/Retrieval via URL).47 SRU is an open RESTful technology for web search.
     • keywords: digital; information; open; opensearch; search; sru; technology; web
     • versions: original; plain text
499. ital-4632
     • author: Connell, Ruth Sara
     • title: Content Management Systems: Trends in Academic Libraries
     • date: 2013-06-10
     • words: 6181
     • flesch: 55
     • summary: Overall, CMS users expressed similar (although slightly greater) satisfaction levels with their method of web management (see table 1.) CMS users were asked to provide a list of three factors most important in their selection of their CMS and to rank their list in order of importance.
     • keywords: cms; libraries; library; percent; responses
     • versions: original; plain text
500. ital-4633
     • author: Manghi, Paolo; Artini, Michele; Bardi, Alessia; Atzori, Claudio; La Bruzzo, Sandro; Mikulicic, Marko
     • title: High-Performance Annotation Tagging over Solr Full-text Indexes
     • date: 2014-09-25
     • words: 8604
     • flesch: 53
     • summary: An information space is a digital space a user community populates with information objects for the purpose of enabling content sharing and providing integrated access to different but related collections of information objects.9 The effect of tagging information objects in an information space may be private, i.e., visible to the users who tagged the objects or to a group of users sharing the same right, or public, i.e., visible to all users.10 Many well-known websites allow end users to tag web resources. Prefixing tags with work session identifiers, cloning of tagged objects, or keeping index replicas may be valuable techniques, but all fail to deliver the real-time requirement described previously.
     • keywords: actions; annotation; information; objects; query; solr; space; tagging
     • versions: original; plain text
501. ital-4635
     • author: Johnson, Megan
     • title: Usability Test Results for Encore in an Academic Library
     • date: 2013-09-15
     • words: 8631
     • flesch: 66
     • summary: Encore search box after this usability study was completed. Search results for changed search.
     • keywords: encore; library; results; search; study; usability; users
     • versions: original; plain text
502. ital-4636
     • author: Bridges, Laurie M.; Rempel, Hannah Gashco
     • title: That Was Then, This Is Now: Replacing the Mobile-Optimized Site with Responsive Design
     • date: 2013-12-22
     • words: 6288
     • flesch: 53
     • summary: As part of a growing recognition that it is time to reevaluate mobile library sites, Bohyun Kim, reviewed eight library mobile sites, and presented her analysis at the American Library Association Annual Conference in 2012.20 Kim compared screenshots of 2010 and 2012 homepages and found a greater emphasis on search in the 2012 versions. Kim also highlighted constraints and assumptions that are no longer true in the mobile environment, such as mobile devices’ slow networks, a focus on information on the go, and mobile sites with fewer features and content.
     • keywords: library; mobile; mobile site; research; respondents; site; users
     • versions: original; plain text
503. ital-4641
     • author: Sectional Subcommittee Z39, American Standards Institute
     • title: USA Standard for a Format for Bibliographic Information Interchange on Magnetic Tape
     • date: 1969-05-31
     • words: 4147
     • flesch: 57
     • summary: 0.2 This standard defines a format which is intended for the inter- change of bibliographic records on magnetic tape. The standard provides for bibliographic records which describe one or more related bibliographic units, and provides for coding the relationships among them.
     • keywords: bibliographic; data; field; length
     • versions: original; plain text
504. ital-4642
     • author: Sectional Subcommittee Z39, American Standards Institute
     • title: Appendix I
     • date: 1969-05-31
     • words: 6321
     • flesch: 57
     • summary: This is the language (or languages) in which the item origina1ly appeared if dif- ferent from data element number 470. Standard book number a Standard book number 021
     • keywords: content; designation; entry; number; subject; tag; tag designation; title
     • versions: original; plain text
505. ital-4643
     • author: Sectional Subcommittee Z39, American Standards Institute
     • title: Appendix II
     • date: 1969-05-31
     • words: 497
     • flesch: 56
     • summary: The tag ID is a data element consisting of one basic character used to differentiate tags for multiple subrecords describing bibliogra- phic units which have the same type-of-record and bibliographic level codes (See 3.2.4 and 3.2.5). The following Appendix is not part of the proposed Standard but is included to illustrate a method for handling subrecords within a biblio- graphic record.
     • keywords: subrecord
     • versions: original; plain text
506. ital-4644
     • author: Kilgour, Frederick G.; Donohue, Joseph C.; Prior, John A.; Leimkuhler, F. F.; Atkinson, Hugh C.
     • title: Book Reviews
     • date: 1969-05-31
     • words: 3906
     • flesch: 57
     • summary: Its scope is both less and more than the title indicates: less, because communication here means docu- mentation and excludes direct, immediate communication; more, because it extends far beyond merely the documentation of science and technology to information processes per se, though not to all of information science. From the seven existing major bibliographies listed at the end of this review, and from twenty abstracting and indexing services, and nearly 300 journals, the compilers have selected items published during the years 1955-1965, in nine categories : 1 ) research resUlts, 2) new theories, 3) identifiable breakthroughs, 4) incremental gains in information sciences, services, and systems, 5) developments identified as new by the authors reporting them, 6) comprehensive reviews, 7) bibliographies, 8) evalu- ative articles, and 9) directories to current research.
     • keywords: bibliography; book; information; library; marc; science
     • versions: original; plain text
507. ital-4656
     • author: Phillips, Brian; Rogers, Gary
     • title: Simon Fraser University Computer Produced Map Catalogue
     • date: 2013-05-03
     • words: 3470
     • flesch: 72
     • summary: Automated or semi-automated methods for cataloguing and producing map lists have been in use for over twenty years. The records are changed or deleted by comparing the call number on the area master and the call number and subject code on the subject master.
     • keywords: area; map; master; subject
     • versions: original; plain text
508. ital-4657
     • author: Kilgour, Frederick
     • title: Library Computerization in the United Kingdom
     • date: 2013-05-03
     • words: 4007
     • flesch: 54
     • summary: The group has increased considerably more than tenfold and has brought quality of British library computerization to a level surpassed by none. To be sure, relatively more British libraries than United States libraries have maintained catalogs in book- form, but the pioneer project at Camden produced a bookform catalog to take the place of card catalogs.
     • keywords: computerization; libraries; library; system; united
     • versions: original; plain text
509. ital-4658
     • author: Rather, John C.; Pennington, Jerry G.
     • title: The MARC Sort Program
     • date: 2013-05-03
     • words: 5049
     • flesch: 67
     • summary: The first requirement for a program for library sorting is a set of gen- eralized computer techniques for creating sort keys from MARC records at the user's option. Specialist in Technical Processes Research, and Jerry G. PENNINGTON: Information Systems Mathematician, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. 125 Describes the characte1·istics, performance, and potential of SKED (Sort- Key Edit), a generalized computer program for creating sort keys for MARC II records at the users option.
     • keywords: key; marc; program; record; sort
     • versions: original; plain text
510. ital-4659
     • author: Norden, Margaret
     • title: KWIC Index to Government Publications
     • date: 2013-05-03
     • words: 3492
     • flesch: 58
     • summary: No similar attempt to control government publications has been reported, although at Northeastern University data processing equipment has been used to list United States material. Morehead, Joe: United States Government Documents-A Mazeway Miscellany, RQ, 8 (Fall1968), 47-50.
     • keywords: documents; index; kwic; library; list; united
     • versions: original; plain text
511. ital-4660
     • author: Becker, Joseph
     • title: Telecommunications Primer
     • date: 2013-05-03
     • words: 3632
     • flesch: 52
     • summary: In addition to its obvious appli- cation to interlibrary loan, teletype has also been used to augment library holdings on a reciprocal basis, to provide for general communications with other libraries, to serve as a channel for querying union catalogs, to ac- commodate reference questions and services, and to handle internal com- munications. The Federal Com- munications Commission is reviewing the overall question of cost for voice and data communication and is also investigating the policy issues raised by the growing interdependence of computers and communications.
     • keywords: communications; libraries; library; signals; telecommunications; telephone
     • versions: original; plain text
512. ital-4661
     • author: Duggan, Maryann
     • title: Library Network Analysis and Planning (LIB-NAT)
     • date: 2013-05-03
     • words: 5372
     • flesch: 57
     • summary: 2/ 3 September, 1969 With the new tool of library networks, it is possible to provide respon- sive, personalized, in-depth reference service, and to provide it so rapidly that a patron can receive a pertinent bibliography covering his desired topic within an hour of his original inquiry. Necessary components of a network are discussed, and network transactions of eighteen Dallas area libraries analyzed using a methodology and quantitative measures developed fm· this project.
     • keywords: libraries; library; network; new; node; reference; transactions
     • versions: original; plain text
513. ital-4662
     • author: Kilgour, Frederick G.; Fuller, M.D., Ellis A.; Hogan, Alan D.; Burgess, Thomas K.
     • title: Book Reviews
     • date: 2013-05-03
     • words: 1757
     • flesch: 54
     • summary: Half of his book treats of characteristics and operation of information retrieval systems and half of testing and evaluating such systems. The book is a successful elementary introduction to large information retrieval systems.
     • keywords: book; information; retrieval
     • versions: original; plain text
514. ital-4663
     • author: Coward, Richard E.
     • title: MARC International
     • date: 1969-12-01
     • words: 2568
     • flesch: 52
     • summary: National machine readable bibliographic systems will be established, but there is a grave danger that those agencies responsible will be pri- marily concerned only with the immediate problem of producing records suitable for use in their own national context or for their own national bibliography, regardless of the fact that the libraries and information cen- tres they need to serve are acquiring ever-increasing quantities of foreign material. It can be seen that the basis of MARC II is a very flexible file structure designed to hold any type of bibliographic record.
     • keywords: bibliographic; data; library; marc
     • versions: original; plain text
515. ital-4665
     • author: Bellomy, Fred L.
     • title: Management Planning for Library Systems Development
     • date: 1969-12-01
     • words: 11221
     • flesch: 56
     • summary: In any case, program objectives will need to be established that reflect existing library policies and current or anticipated needs. Second, it shows how all program activ- ities making demands on available resources are related to the achieve- ment of program objectives ( 12).
     • keywords: design; development; library; module; objectives; planning; program; systems; time; total; university; work
     • versions: original; plain text
516. ital-4666
     • author: Dolby, J. L.; Forsyth, V. J.
     • title: An Analysis of Cost Factors in Maintaining and Updating Card Catalogs
     • date: 1969-12-01
     • words: 8892
     • flesch: 65
     • summary: THE USE OF COST INFORMATION Having noted some of the difficulties that tend to cloud cost compari- sons, it is perhaps useful to investigate how cost information is likely to be used. There are also tables on card catalog costs.
     • keywords: card; catalog; cataloging; cost; libraries; library; study; table
     • versions: original; plain text
517. ital-4667
     • author: Avram, Henriette D.; Crosby, Alan S.; Pennington, Jerry G.; Rather, John C.; Rather, Lucia J.; Whitmer, Arlene
     • title: MARC Program Research and Development: A Progress Report
     • date: 1969-12-01
     • words: 8800
     • flesch: 64
     • summary: Operators of GENESIS Operator EQUALS NOT EQUAL GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO AND OR Example of usage Count all occurrences where data repre- sented by tag 530 EQUALS Bound with Count all occurrences where the publication language code is NOT EQUAL to eng Count all occurrences and output records that are GREATER THAN OR EQUAL TO 1,000 characters Count all occurrences of records entered on the MARC data base before June 1, 1968 (LESS THAN OR EQUAL TO 680601) Count all occurrences where the publication equals s AND the publication date is greater than or equal to 1960 Briefly, they per- form the following tasks: MARC Research and Development/ AVRAM 243 1) A pre-edit program converts records prepared on an MT /ST to a mag- netic tape file of EBCDIC encoded record segments. 2) A format edit program converts the pre-edited tape file to a modified form of the MARC processing format. 3) A content edit program generates records in the final processing for- mat.
     • keywords: data; field; format; marc; number; program; query; record
     • versions: original; plain text
518. ital-4668
     • author: Lipetz, Ben-Ami; Stangl, Peter; Taylor, Kathryn F.
     • title: Performance of Ruecking's Word-compression Method When Applied to Machine Retrieval from a Library Catalog
     • date: 1969-12-01
     • words: 2599
     • flesch: 59
     • summary: If foreign-language references had been systematically ignored in applying the test to catalog searches, some 16% ( 20 out of 126) of the searches would have been excluded, with no real gain in performance. Ruecking' s W ord-Compression/LIPETZ 269 Table 1 provides detailed information on the discrepancies between user data and catalog data in the test.
     • keywords: catalog; data; method
     • versions: original; plain text
519. ital-4669
     • author: Taylor, Robert S.; Rush, James E.; Demos, John; Rees, Jr., Thomas H.; Kilgour, Frederick G.; Orne, Jerold; Gorman, Michael; Braden, Irene
     • title: Book Reviews
     • date: 1969-12-01
     • words: 3852
     • flesch: 64
     • summary: 2/4 December, 1969 has nothing to do with library systems and little in terms of system analy- sis that does not relate to computerization. Item: the local library should satisfy a large per- centage of the user's needs ( 90-99% ) ; however, some portion of these needs ( 1-10%) should be obtained from other libraries to keep system costs within reasonable range ( p.32).
     • keywords: book; libraries; library; list; standards
     • versions: original; plain text
520. ital-5105
     • author: Corbly, James Edward
     • title: The Free Software Alternative: Freeware, Open Source Software, and Libraries
     • date: 2014-09-25
     • words: 4566
     • flesch: 54
     • summary: Among the major types of software (commercial, shareware, adware, etc.), freeware and open- source software are unique. In the past several years, an increasing number of librarians have turned to freeware and open- source software to help them fulfill the duties they are obligated to discharge.
     • keywords: freeware; open; software; source; use; users
     • versions: original; plain text
521. ital-5106
     • author: Dehmlow, Mark
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: Services and User Context in the Era of Webscale Discovery
     • date: 2013-06-10
     • words: 1368
     • flesch: 37
     • summary: The data is critical, but the debates over vendors' unwillingness to share data have overshadowed other important features and functionality that are important to making discovery systems valuable, especially in the areas of getting users the actual resources that they find, delivering the most relevant results, and being more aware of the full user context not merely their search query. Another librarian commented on how valuable it would be to integrate user generated comments about books from worldcat.org in a similar way.
     • keywords: systems; user
     • versions: original; plain text
522. ital-5123
     • author: Kilgour, Frederick G.
     • title: Concept of an On-Line Computerized Library Catalog
     • date: 1970-03-01
     • words: 4575
     • flesch: 53
     • summary: Librarians include sufficient data in catalog entries to enable them to decide from the description whether or not a book at hand or a book described by another citation is tne same book as that in the catalog records. An early code for production of catalog entries, which the French Government issued in 1791 ( 11), pre- scribed transcription of the title page, and underlining of the author's name as the filing term.
     • keywords: author; catalog; entries; information; library; title
     • versions: original; plain text
523. ital-5124
     • author: Hilbert, Eloise F.
     • title: Library Mechanization at Auburn Community College
     • date: 1970-03-01
     • words: 3391
     • flesch: 66
     • summary: Since the tedious task of erasing or painting over and retyping catalog card numbers and entries, book pockets and book cards would be greatly reduced by automation, it was decided that reclassification of the book collection should be the first automated pro- cedure. Circulation cards were inserted in the book pockets and the books were returned to the stacks, which had been relabeled with Library of Congress numbers.
     • keywords: cards; circulation; library; number
     • versions: original; plain text
524. ital-5125
     • author: Atherton, Pauline; Tessier, Judith
     • title: Teaching with MARC Tapes
     • date: 1970-03-01
     • words: 4147
     • flesch: 59
     • summary: The LEEP approach seems to have had an impact upon library students who are straight librarians, and not very interested in library automation. A computer based laboratory for library science students to use in class assignments and for independent projects has been developed and used for one year at Syracuse University.
     • keywords: class; leep; library; marc; students
     • versions: original; plain text
525. ital-5126
     • author: Bierman, Kenneth John; Blue, Betty Jean
     • title: Processing of MARC Tapes for Cooperative Use
     • date: 1970-03-01
     • words: 8957
     • flesch: 78
     • summary: Unlike NELINET (1) and the Washington State System (2), which are processing MARC tapes to produce final hard-copy products for the cooperating libraries, the Oklahoma system provides the machine readable MARC records (not final products) a library needs; then that library can process these records in any way it wishes on its own equip- ment. The money saved could then be used for utilization of MARC rec- ords rather than for housekeeping maintenance of MARC records.
     • keywords: library; marc; records; tape
     • versions: original; plain text
526. ital-5127
     • author: Warheit, I. A.
     • title: Design of Library Systems for Implementation with Interactive Computers
     • date: 1970-03-01
     • words: 6244
     • flesch: 57
     • summary: DESIGN OF LIBRARY SYSTEMS FOR IMPLEMENT AT ION WITH INTERACTIVE COMPUTERS 65 I. A. W ARHEIT: Program Administrator, Information Systems Marketing, International Business Machines, San Jose, California In the development of library systems, the movement today is toward the so-called totar' or integrated system. Although there are a number of reasons why on-line, time sharing and terminal oriented equipment made it feasible to build total library systems, the fundamental ones were that now the librarians could interact with their system and records and could, essentially simultaneously, perform a great variety of tasks.
     • keywords: files; libraries; library; line; system; time; total
     • versions: original; plain text
527. ital-5128
     • author: Mitchell, Patrick C.; Burgess, Thomas K.
     • title: Methods of Randomization of Large Files with High Volatility
     • date: 1970-03-01
     • words: 2625
     • flesch: 63
     • summary: Disk location, also called disk address, home position, and relative record address ( RRA) in this paper, refers to the computed offset address of a record in the file, relative to the starting address of the file. METHODS OF RANDOMIZATION OF LARGE FILES WITH HIGH VOLATILITY 79
     • keywords: file; number
     • versions: original; plain text
528. ital-5129
     • author: Lee, Sul H.; Murdock, John W.; Payne, Charles T.; Devlin, Eleanor R.; Dudley, Norman; Guthrie, Gerry D.
     • title: Book Reviews
     • date: 1970-03-01
     • words: 3167
     • flesch: 55
     • summary: In addition to the state.af-th~art reviews, other session papers pre-- sented at the 1967 Institute and included in this work were on the sub- jects of: library systems analysis (how tO' do it), influence of automation on new building planning> implications of MARC, and the· Library of Congress systems studies. 3/1 March, 1970 book is a valuable study in library systems analysis and design, and its identification and quantification of the various technical processing activi- ties can yield real benefits to librarians everywhere, be they ever so de- centralized.
     • keywords: automation; book; computer; library; systems
     • versions: original; plain text
529. ital-5141
     • author: Real, Brian; Bertot, John Carlo; Jaeger, Paul T.
     • title: Rural Public Libraries and Digital Inclusion: Issues and Challenges
     • date: 2014-03-25
     • words: 8349
     • flesch: 34
     • summary: Through analysis of the PLFTAS data2 about technology access in rural public libraries in conjunction with other studies of rural libraries and librarians, this article explores the causes and effects of the relatively more limited technological and support infrastructures for rural patrons and communities. Rural libraries are also far less likely to have formal guides to help customers understand these government services, with only 15.3% of rural libraries offering such products as compared to 33.6% of urban and 22.2% of suburban counterparts.
     • keywords: access; digital; libraries; library; public; public libraries; rural; rural libraries; technology
     • versions: original; plain text
530. ital-5174
     • author: Perrin, Joy Marie; Clark, Melanie; De-Leon, Esther; Edgar, Lynne
     • title: Usability Testing for Greater Impact: A Primo Case Study
     • date: 2014-12-18
     • words: 3655
     • flesch: 57
     • summary: that  the  time  on  tasks,  excluding  task  4,  diminished  between  task  1   and  task  7,  suggesting  that  participants  had  no  trouble  learning  and  remembering  how  to  use  the   system.   Error  Rate  for  Each  Task   The  error  rate  proved  to  be  the  most  accurate  indicator  of  usability  problems  with  each  task.  Each   time  a  participant  chose  a  wrong  path,  faced  an  impasse,  or  had  to  be  guided  by  the  facilitator,  the   event  was  labeled  as  an  error.   Because  the  error  rate  seems  to  decline  from  task  1  to  task  7  (excluding  tasks  3   and  4),  the  team  inferred  that  users  were  able  to  learn  how  to  use  the  system  quite  easily.  
     • keywords: task; team
     • versions: original; plain text
531. ital-5243
     • author: Trainor, Cindi
     • title: President's Message
     • date: 2013-09-15
     • words: 594
     • flesch: 51
     • summary: Finally, for those of you interested in leadership but not necessarily ready to run for Board, I want to point you to documents put together by the LITA Emerging Leaders team in 2013: http://connect.ala.org/node/197839 Our team of three ALA Emerging Leaders, Margaret Heller, Zach Coble, and Katie Heidgerken- Greene, surveyed LITA leaders, worked with Committee Chairs Coordinator Michelle Frisque and IG Chairs Coordinator Paul Keith, and synthesized tons of information and many documents into the Leadership Guide for New Chairs of Committees and Interest Groups Cindi Trainor (cindiann@gmail.com) is LITA President 2013-14 and Community Specialist & Trainer for Springshare, LLC. Well before Midwinter in Philadelphia will be National Forum 2013.
     • keywords: lita
     • versions: original; plain text
532. ital-5244
     • author: Gerrity, Robert
     • title: Editor's Comments
     • date: 2013-09-15
     • words: 616
     • flesch: 47
     • summary: Visiting the discovery side of library services, Megan Johnson from Appalachian State University reports on usability testing of Appalachian’s “one box” integrated articles and catalog search, using Innovative Interfaces’ Encore Discovery Service. Speaking of usability, I had the chance recently to observe a usability testing session for my library’s website, and was reminded of the importance of designing library websites and delivering web-based library services that will actually be of value to our users, delivered with their context in mind rather than ours.
     • keywords: library
     • versions: original; plain text
533. ital-5245
     • author: Tagliacozzo, Renata; Kochen, Manfred; Rosenberg, Lawrence
     • title: Orthographic Error Patterns of Author Names in Catalog Searches
     • date: 1970-06-01
     • words: 3094
     • flesch: 66
     • summary: Michigan An investigation of error patterns in author names based on data from a survey of library catalog searches. To ascertain if this is the case for author names, a data base much larger than that used for this study would be needed.
     • keywords: author; errors; letter
     • versions: original; plain text
534. ital-5246
     • author: Avram, Henriette D.
     • title: The Recon Pilot Project: A Progress Report
     • date: 1970-06-01
     • words: 5311
     • flesch: 55
     • summary: It is imperative that before levels of completeness of MARC records are defined with respect to content and content desig- nation, the implications of these definitions to future library networks be thoroughly explored. A study of the use of a mini-computer operating in an on-line mode for input, editing, and formatting of MARC records is in progress at the Library and will supplement the RECON effort and provide additional data.
     • keywords: card; library; marc; recon; records; titles
     • versions: original; plain text
535. ital-5247
     • author: Payne, Charles T.; McGee, Robert S.
     • title: Comparisons of LC Proofslip and MARC Tape Arrival Dates at the University of Chicago Library
     • date: 1970-06-01
     • words: 2438
     • flesch: 79
     • summary: Table 2. Number of Proofslip Matches with MARC Indexes by Arrival Week and by LC Card Number Subseries Proof slip LC Tape Tape Tape Tape Tape Tape Tape Tape Tape Tape Week Series 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 PS 2 65- 68 5 25 13 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 # 88 69 2 8 5 3 3 0 l 0 0 0 7 series 1 2 7 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 Total 8 35 25 8 9 1 1 0 0 0 6!:>-68 6 42 77 37 17 9 2 1 0 0 PS 3 69 7 25 65 32 30 9 5 0 1 0 #497 7 series 0 16 36 41 8 2 0 0 2 0 Total 13 83 178 110 55 20 7 1 3 0 65-68 0 14 35 57 19 12 1 3 2 1 PS 4 #340 69 0 0 26 56 12 3 0 1 1 3 7 serie' 0 0 18 36 19 9 1 0 1 2 Total 0 14 79 149 so 24 2 4 4 6 65-68 0 0 14 56 33 35 0 4 7 4 PS 5 69 0 0 7 62 21 8 0 4 3 2 #398 7 seriel 0 0 9 49 9 9 1 5 2 6 Total 0 0 30 167 63 52 1 13 12 12 65-68 0 0 0 29 108 77 3 5 2 3 PS 6 69 0 0 1 55 95 so 4 2 2 4 #653 7 serie~ 0 0 2 28 72 52 6 0 5 s· Total 0 0 3 112 275 179 13 7 9 12 65-68 0 0 0 9 68 128 29 6 4 2 PS 7 #711 69 0 0 0 2 29 133 54 9 1 8 7 serie! 0 0 0 5 33 92 33 10 3 6 Total 0 0 0 1 6 130 353 116 25 8 16 PS 8 65-68 1 0 0 0 5 87 46 29 6 4 69 0 0 0 0 2 54 49 20 11 4 #503 7 seriel 0 .0 0 0 2 37 46 17 1 2 Total 1 0 0 0 9 178 141 66 18 10 65-68 0 0 0 0 0 10 86 122 52 34 PS 9 69 0 0 0 0 l 3 75 107 53 39 #933 7 «F>ri F>< 0 0 0 0 0 1 49 115 73 42 Total 0 0 0 0 1 14 210 344 178 115 65-68 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 36 159 91 PS 10 #985 · 69 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 40 180 96 7 series 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 23 165 101 Total 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 99 504 288 Tape Tape Tape 11 12 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 In subsequent weeks, complete collections of proof- slips bearing the MARC acronym (MARC proofslips) were attempted, so that proofslip data beginning with Week 3 (April 14-18) are more complete.
     • keywords: marc; tape
     • versions: original; plain text
536. ital-5248
     • author: Avram, Henriette; De Gennaro, Richard; Pulsifer, Josephine S.; Rather, John C.; Rosenthal, Joseph A.; Veaner, Allen B.
     • title: Levels of Machine Readable Records
     • date: 1970-06-01
     • words: 2215
     • flesch: 58
     • summary: The first involves the distribution of cataloging information in machine readable form for use by library networks, library systems, and individual libraries; the second involves the recording of bibliographic data in a national union catalog to reflect the holdings of libraries in the United States and Canada. At the present stage of library automation, it is impossible to define rigorously all of the potential uses of machine readable catalog records.
     • keywords: libraries; machine
     • versions: original; plain text
537. ital-5249
     • author: de Varennes, Rosario
     • title: On-Line Serials System at Laval University Library
     • date: 1970-06-01
     • words: 5195
     • flesch: 63
     • summary: A year or so from now, it should be possible to evaluate the impact of the system on Laval Library users, by which time additional terminals will have been put at their disposal. Director, Library Analysis and Automation, Laval University Library, Cite Universitaire, Quebec, Canada Description of a system, operational since June 1968, that provides control of all serials holdings in nine campus libraries, permits updating of the complete file every two or three days, and produces various outputs for library users and library staff from data in variable fields on disks (listings, statistics, etc.).
     • keywords: file; laval; library; serials; system
     • versions: original; plain text
538. ital-5250
     • author: Atherton, Pauline; Miller, Karen B.
     • title: LC/MARC on MOLDS; An Experiment in Computer-Based Interactive Bibliographic Storage, Search, Retrieval, and Processing
     • date: 1970-06-01
     • words: 8570
     • flesch: 65
     • summary: Essentially, the user of the program describes each MOLDS file to be produced by specifying: 1) the number of (fixed) fields per MOLDS record; 2) the name and size (in characters) of each field in the MOLDS record; 3) the name of the MARC I field from which the data are to be taken; 4) selection criteria according to which MARC I records are to be chosen for conversion; 5) for any MARC I field, a data conversion procedure to be applied prior to transferring the information to the appropriate MOLDS field; 6) whether or not diacritical codes should be stripped from the MARC MARC I biblio- graphic file to satisfy MOLDS data base requirements.
     • keywords: base; block; data; list; marc; molds; records; system; user
     • versions: original; plain text
539. ital-5251
     • author: Voigt, Melvin J.; Tars, Arvo; Kilgour, Frederick G.; Csuri, Charles; Richey, James I.; de Gara, John; Oldfather, Margaret
     • title: Book Reviews
     • date: 1970-06-01
     • words: 2857
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: Thus this collection of papers can be useful to both student and practitioner interested in research and development of library systems. Frederick G. Kilgour's paper on initial system design for the Ohio College Library Center is excellent, not so much for solutions, but because he raises the questions on the purpose of college libraries and the nature of regional systems which need to be raised before embarking on design.
     • keywords: college; information; junior; libraries; library
     • versions: original; plain text
540. ital-5254
     • author: Jacob, Mary Ellen
     • title: Standardized Costs for Automated Library Systems
     • date: 1970-09-01
     • words: 3353
     • flesch: 61
     • summary: Program maintenance costs usually do not appear until after the system has been up and running for some time, and are usually not included in reports of system costs, since most reports are written before, or soon after, system installation. 3/3 September, 1970 Table 1 shows a simple presentation of system cost.
     • keywords: computer; costs; equipment; library; system
     • versions: original; plain text
541. ital-5255
     • author: Murray, D. M.
     • title: A Scatter Storage Scheme for Dictionary Lookups
     • date: 1970-09-01
     • words: 8246
     • flesch: 72
     • summary: Let H, be the expected number of hash table slots with i entries for i=0,1, ... Expected Storage and Search Properties fo1' Basic Scatter Storage Schemes Measure Load factor Number of empty table slots Number of single entries Number of collision chains of length i Expected sums Fraction of hash table empty Fraction of table filled with single entries Fraction of hash table slots with i entries Expected sums Number of collisions Number of entries in the bump table Total table slots required Average lookup time (probes)
     • keywords: hash; hash table; number; storage; table; words
     • versions: original; plain text
542. ital-5256
     • author: Kilgour, Frederick G.
     • title: History of Library Computerization
     • date: 1970-09-01
     • words: 4956
     • flesch: 52
     • summary: University of California, San Diego, University Library: Report on Serials Computer Project; University Library and UCSD Computer Center (La Jolla, California: University Library, July 1962). REFERENCES l. Kilgom, Frederick G.: The Economic Goal of Library Automation, College & Research Libraries, 30 (July 1969 ), 307-311.
     • keywords: catalog; computer; information; libraries; library; system; university
     • versions: original; plain text
543. ital-5257
     • author: Avram, Henriette D.; Guiles, Kay D.; Maruyama, Lenore S.
     • title: The Recon Pilot Project: A Progress Report, November 1969 - April 1970
     • date: 1970-09-01
     • words: 8265
     • flesch: 60
     • summary: RECON records in the 1969 and 7-series are being input by a service bureau. This gave LC the basis to compare two devices, the key-to- cassette used at the Library of Congress for the MARC Distribution Serv.ice and the equipment used by the contractor for RECON records.
     • keywords: card; cost; data; input; library; marc; recon; records
     • versions: original; plain text
544. ital-5258
     • author: Wilkinson, Billy R.; Evans, Glyn; Goldwyn, A. J.; Miniter, John J.; Nugent, William R.
     • title: Book Reviews
     • date: 1970-09-01
     • words: 4151
     • flesch: 62
     • summary: The literature of librarianship contains descnphons of md1v1dual undergraduate libraries or philosophical essays concerning library services for undergraduates. The literature of librarianship contains descnphons of md1v1dual undergraduate libraries or philosophical essays concerning library services for undergraduates.
     • keywords: book; library; system
     • versions: original; plain text
545. ital-5259
     • author: Dolby, James L.
     • title: An Algorithm for Variable-Length Proper-Name Compression
     • date: 1970-12-01
     • words: 6228
     • flesch: 66
     • summary: I,S and storage specifications are subject to error, but also because various transliteration schemes exist and can provide variant proper name forms in the same data base. A viable on-line search system cannot reasonably assume that each user will invariably provide the proper input information without error.
     • keywords: algorithm; characters; classes; errors; identification; l 0; vowel; w 0
     • versions: original; plain text
546. ital-5260
     • author: Spigai, Frances G.; Mahan, Thomas
     • title: On-Line Acquisitions by LOLITA
     • date: 1970-12-01
     • words: 6528
     • flesch: 64
     • summary: These order records are kept on line, and are assigned a special series of purchase order numbers, prefixed by an H. No account- ing procedures accompany these orders, although a purchase order is generated and manually filed by purchase order number. This causes accounting information (purchase order number, vendor code, invoice number, actual price, invoice data, account number) to be duplicated in the accounting file.
     • keywords: data; file; information; library; line; number; order; record
     • versions: original; plain text
547. ital-5261
     • author: Bellomy, Fred L.; Jaccarino, Lies N.
     • title: Listings of Uncataloged Collections
     • date: 1970-12-01
     • words: 3462
     • flesch: 70
     • summary: JO IC44 NE 2035 NE 2246 ~E 2097 NE 2188 JO 1299 NE 2090 JO 2002 NE 2083 JO IC54 NE 2045 1<£ 2.l5t H 2257 NE 2228 NE 0609 t::J NE 22•0
     • keywords: century; collections; listings; painting
     • versions: original; plain text
548. ital-5262
     • author: Bierman, Kenneth John; Blue, Betty Jean
     • title: A MARC Based SDI Service
     • date: 1970-12-01
     • words: 5602
     • flesch: 61
     • summary: It was decided, however, that before additional funds and energy should be expended to improve the storage and retrieval of MARC records, the usefulness of the presently available individual records themselves should be demonstrated. For example, the Library School could use a listing of MARC records on each weekly tape dealing with library science.
     • keywords: classification; department; library; marc; number; sdi
     • versions: original; plain text
549. ital-5263
     • author: Palmer, Foster M.; Hoadley, Irene Braden; Bierman, Kenneth J.; Salton, G.
     • title: Book Reviews
     • date: 1970-12-01
     • words: 1308
     • flesch: 56
     • summary: As in the preceding volumes in this series, the purpose is to report actual experience in case history form of applica- tions of data processing technology to areas of library operations. One opens this report wondering whether circulation of reserve books to readers is included in the computer based system, and assuming that such circulation would have to be handled on-line because the short duration of reserve loans, often on the order of one hour, would not seem to fit well with batch processing.
     • keywords: book; library
     • versions: original; plain text
550. ital-5267
     • author: Yavarkovsky, Jerome
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: The Promise of Immersive Libraries
     • date: 2013-12-22
     • words: 1224
     • flesch: 30
     • summary: Immersive technologies offer the promise of 3D virtual world libraries where students and their teachers can work together in virtual space with library materials and tools—search engines, online catalogs, media, text, etc. For more than five years, advances in the development of virtual meeting space and workspace have enabled librarians to provide immersive, 3D virtual world services that give a sense of presence that is lacking in conference calls, text chat, and web conferencing.1 As a result, not only is the individual’s physical distance from library materials eliminated, but also the distance is eliminated between individuals who work with each other using library materials.
     • keywords: immersive; library; virtual
     • versions: original; plain text
551. ital-5273
     • author: Kiscaden, Elizabeth
     • title: Creating a Current Awareness Service Using Yahoo! Pipes and LibGuides
     • date: 2014-12-18
     • words: 1968
     • flesch: 36
     • summary: The  service,  dubbed  Info  SOS,  was  designed  to  overcome  two   barriers  to  patron  participation  in  feed  services:  the  chore  of  subscribing  to  and  curating  multiple   feeds  and  the  lack  of  awareness  of  feeds  and  feed  reader  technology.   Yahoo!  Pipes  was  chosen  for  this  service  primarily  because  it  requires  limited   coding  knowledge,7  yet  the  software  provides  a  number  of  advanced  functions  for  sorting  and   combining  large  groups  of  feeds.
     • keywords: current; feeds
     • versions: original; plain text
552. ital-5275
     • author: Harnish, Thomas D.
     • title: Video Technologies: Neologism or Library Trend
     • date: 1981-06-01
     • words: 1108
     • flesch: 52
     • summary: Inev- 76 journal of Library Automation Vol. 14/2 June 1981 itably, this technological trend also will occur in libraries and, in this light, the relatively low level of involvement of computers in providing patron services today is notable. Converging factors are shaping a new environment for libraries, and, as a consequence, the present is full of opportunity.
     • keywords: libraries; library
     • versions: original; plain text
553. ital-5276
     • author: Uluakar, Tamer; Pierce, Anton R.; Chachra, Vinod
     • title: Design Principles for a Comprehensive Library System
     • date: 1981-06-01
     • words: 4943
     • flesch: 59
     • summary: However, system users have come to demand that all rel- evant data be available at a single terminal from a single system. The emergence of powerful and easy-to-use database management systems, the spectacular price reductions in hardware, and the concom- itant, and equally spectacular, improvements in system capabilities have made it clear that it is practical to think ambitiously.
     • keywords: bibliographic; data; library; records; screens; system; use
     • versions: original; plain text
554. ital-5277
     • author: Rastogi, Kunj B.; Morita, Ichiko T.
     • title: OCLC Search Key Usage Patterns in a Large Research Library
     • date: 1981-06-01
     • words: 4040
     • flesch: 73
     • summary: SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS Among various types of search keys available to the users, the name/ title, LCCN, and title search keys were entered most frequently. Users can choose to enter any type of search key from the various types of search keys permitted by the system.
     • keywords: key; search; title
     • versions: original; plain text
555. ital-5278
     • author: Lukac, Jenko
     • title: The Evolution of an Online Acquisitions System
     • date: 1981-06-01
     • words: 1211
     • flesch: 66
     • summary: The first change made to the PEAS program was to rename it CLAS-the Computerized Library Acquisitions Sys- tem . Some are minor, such as having the com- puter recognize initial articles in titles .
     • keywords: clas; library
     • versions: original; plain text
556. ital-5279
     • author: Newhard, Robert
     • title: The Significance of Information in the Ordinary Conduct of Life
     • date: 1981-06-01
     • words: 1953
     • flesch: 63
     • summary: Information, like knowledge, as observed by Francis Bacon, is power, and distributed information is distributed pow- er. Computer-supported telecommunica- tions systems can be the instrument for accelerating information control by a few (this has been much of the trend , so far , as indicated by corporate, research, and technical use of these systems), or it can be used to build information confidence, use, and desire throughout society.
     • keywords: information; library; tools
     • versions: original; plain text
557. ital-5280
     • author: Bolton, W. Theodore
     • title: A Lesson in Interactive Television Programming: The Home Book Club on QUBE
     • date: 1981-06-01
     • words: 4056
     • flesch: 60
     • summary: The Books-by-Mail program did send out some 760 paperback books as a result of the Horne Book Club (a 79 per- cent overall increase), and twenty-six new library cards (not a prerequisite) were issued to Horne Book Club viewers . Each QUBE console in a viewer's home has thirty channels to choose from and five response buttons to press when answering questions posed to home view- ers on QUBE programs .
     • keywords: book; club; home; program; qube
     • versions: original; plain text
558. ital-5281
     • author: Covino, Joseph; Intner, Sheila
     • title: An Informal Survey of the CTI Backup System
     • date: 1981-06-01
     • words: 1916
     • flesch: 64
     • summary: THE RESPONSES 1. Size of System : CTI systems are available in two sizes , 32K and 48K . Performance: All eleven respondents were enthusiastic about system per- formance.
     • keywords: catalog; library; system
     • versions: original; plain text
559. ital-5282
     • author: Bierman, Kenneth J.
     • title: Multimedia Catalog: COM and Online
     • date: 1981-06-01
     • words: 1966
     • flesch: 63
     • summary: User searches microform catalog by author and/or title. User searches microform catalog.
     • keywords: catalog; user
     • versions: original; plain text
560. ital-5283
     • author: Hoffman, Herbert H.
     • title: A Structure Code for Machine Readable Library Catalog Record Formats
     • date: 1981-06-01
     • words: 2260
     • flesch: 67
     • summary: document title B s B S, with individual . document title S, without indiv.
     • keywords: document; item; structure
     • versions: original; plain text
561. ital-5284
     • author: Hudson, Judith
     • title: Revisions to Contributed Cataloging in a Cooperative Cataloging Database
     • date: 1981-06-01
     • words: 2942
     • flesch: 63
     • summary: In order to test this assumption, a number of cataloging records were ana- lyzed in an effort to replicate the Kent State study. In the long run, however, the responsi- bility for inputting catalog records that meet the standards for cataloging and for- matting rests with the member libraries.
     • keywords: cataloging; errors; records
     • versions: original; plain text
562. ital-5285
     • author: Aveny, Brian
     • title: News and Announcements
     • date: 1981-06-01
     • words: 1513
     • flesch: 41
     • summary: Goals of the organization are to: • identify services and information that are best suited to remote electronic de- livery; • plan , fund, and develop working dem- onstrations of library REDI services ; • communicate the availability of elec- tronic library services to the user com- munity; · • inform the library profession of trends, specific events , and future directions of REDI; • create coalitions with organizations in allied fields ·of interest. Today, as the amount of materials in microform in ARL libraries continues to grow-ARL libraries hold more than 146,660,000 units of micro- form-improving access to these materials has taken on even greater urgency.
     • keywords: electronic; information; libraries
     • versions: original; plain text
563. ital-5286
     • author: Pratt, Allan D.; Miller, Robert; Knapp, John F.
     • title: Book Reviews
     • date: 1981-06-01
     • words: 3697
     • flesch: 64
     • summary: Although the original intention was to develop rules appropriate for the arrange- ment of entries by computer, those at the Library of Congress and the ALA commit- tee working on the problem soon realized that, from the point of view of catalog users, it would be very undesirable to have different sets of filing rules in opera- tion depending on the physical medium of the catalog. The impetus for this work came from recognition that computer tech- nology would soon be enlisted to perform the arrangement of entries for the produc- tion of catalogs, and that filing rules cur- rent at the time would be impossible to implement in their entirety on the com- puter.
     • keywords: computer; filing; information; library; rules; system
     • versions: original; plain text
564. ital-5287
     • author: Aveny, Brian
     • title: Highlights of LITA Board Meetings
     • date: 1981-06-01
     • words: 6486
     • flesch: 66
     • summary: A motion was made by Juergens, seconded by Helen Cyr, and passed: That LITA will not pay honoraria to LITA Board members or LITA mem- bers of program committees for participation in institute programs . The highlights of LITA board meetings are published here to inform division members of the activities of their board .
     • keywords: ala; board; committee; discussion; lita; members; y y
     • versions: original; plain text
565. ital-5288
     • author: Dwyer, James R.
     • title: Guest Editorial: Who Rules the Rules?
     • date: 1981-09-01
     • words: 1381
     • flesch: 59
     • summary: Major questions still to be resolved include not only the compatible- name quandary, but the treatment of serials, microform reproductions, establishment of corporate names and determination of when works ema- nate from corporate bodies, and the romanization of Slavic names. That LC is correctly follow- ing the spirit of the general principle for personal names is little comfort to research libraries with large Slavic collections.
     • keywords: rules
     • versions: original; plain text
566. ital-5289
     • author: Brindley, Lynne
     • title: The British Library's Approach to AACR2
     • date: 1981-09-01
     • words: 4325
     • flesch: 59
     • summary: The first stage of the conversion process for U.K. MARC records (1950-80) involved all records being processed against the Name Conver- sion File to replace AACRl with AACR2 headings and associated refer- ences. This was a vast and sophisticated conversion exercise and will result in U.K. MARC files probably more uniform in structure than they have ever been.
     • keywords: conversion; library; marc; records; u.k
     • versions: original; plain text
567. ital-5290
     • author: Brown, Georgia L.
     • title: AACR2: OCLC's Implementation and Database
     • date: 1981-09-01
     • words: 5287
     • flesch: 62
     • summary: Bibliographic field matches non-AACR2 authority field; AACR2 form present in authority record. Bibliographic field matches non-AACR2 authority field; AACR2 form not present in authority record .
     • keywords: aacr2; authority; bibliographic; conversion; records
     • versions: original; plain text
568. ital-5291
     • author: Wajenberg, Arnold; Gorman, Michael
     • title: OCLC's Database Conversion: A User's Perspective
     • date: 1981-09-01
     • words: 7966
     • flesch: 72
     • summary: (New author's full name, Ann Elizabeth Smith, is available) LC heading: for new author: Smith, Elizabeth (Ann Elizabeth) Use LC forms if found in name authority file. Catalogue Maintenance will correct conflicts created by personal name headings that vary in fullness to the form to which a see reference has been made.
     • keywords: aacr2; authority; form; headings; oclc; use
     • versions: original; plain text
569. ital-5292
     • author: Martin, James R.
     • title: Automation and the Service Attitudes of ARL Circulation Managers
     • date: 1981-09-01
     • words: 2841
     • flesch: 56
     • summary: SATISFACTION WITH CIRCULATION SYSTEM As a group, ARL circulation managers are not satisfied with their systems, as table 1 shows. Nineteen percent of the total were manual McBee systems and 15 percent were LIBS100 online systems.
     • keywords: circulation; managers; percent
     • versions: original; plain text
570. ital-5293
     • author: McCallum, Sally H.; Godwin, James L.
     • title: Statistics on Headings in the MARC File
     • date: 1981-09-01
     • words: 4058
     • flesch: 61
     • summary: NAME HEADINGS Table 2 presents the number of occur- rences of name headings in the MARC bib- liographic files and the number of distinct name headings, both by type of heading and by year. September 1981 ject headings show the same tendency as name headings in that the percentages of headings that appear on new records but which had been previously used rises as the stock of headings increases and then levels off.
     • keywords: file; headings; percent; records
     • versions: original; plain text
571. ital-5294
     • author: Jones, Douglas
     • title: RLIN and OCLC as Reference Tools
     • date: 1981-09-01
     • words: 1306
     • flesch: 56
     • summary: Given that RLIN and OCLC have databases and software geared to known-item searches for catalog card pro- duction, our evaluation attempts to docu- ment their usefulness in reference service. If separate authority records are a system requirement, the occurrence figures might then be useful for defining configurations that employ machine-generated provisional records for single-occurrence headings that do not have reference structures or that simplify in other ways the treatment of these headings.
     • keywords: reference; rlin
     • versions: original; plain text
572. ital-5295
     • author: Brown, Thomas P.; DeBuse, Raymond
     • title: Replicating the Washington Library Network Computer System Software
     • date: 1981-09-01
     • words: 2675
     • flesch: 59
     • summary: WLN libraries should see Illinois records on a regular basis by late summer of 1981. Even though user demands heavily bur- dened the traditional manual systems, the extent of library automation at Clemson had been limited to a batch circulation sys- tem, a simple serials-listing capability, and the use of bibliographic utilities.
     • keywords: automation; library; system; wln
     • versions: original; plain text
573. ital-5296
     • author: Meyer, Richard W.; Reuland, Beth Ann; Diaz, Francisco M.; Colburn, Frances
     • title: A General Planning Methodology for Automation
     • date: 1981-09-01
     • words: 3138
     • flesch: 48
     • summary: By focusing on the problems of serials control, the team evaluated a microcosm of library problems. Even though user demands heavily bur- dened the traditional manual systems, the extent of library automation at Clemson had been limited to a batch circulation sys- tem, a simple serials-listing capability, and the use of bibliographic utilities.
     • keywords: automation; library; study; system
     • versions: original; plain text
574. ital-5297
     • author: Library of Congress, Network Development Office
     • title: Inclusion of Nonroman Character Sets
     • date: 1981-09-01
     • words: 3549
     • flesch: 77
     • summary: Any questions on the description of the inclusion of nonroman character sets in the MARC communications format should be addressed to: Library of Congress, Process- ing Services, Attention: Mrs. Margaret Pat- terson, Washington , DC 20540. The first letter would not appear just before the end of field character and proceed backwards to the beginning of the field.
     • keywords: character; p p
     • versions: original; plain text
575. ital-5298
     • author: Woods, Lawrence A.
     • title: Checklist for Cassette Recorders Connected to CRTs
     • date: 1981-09-01
     • words: 1610
     • flesch: 65
     • summary: OCLC data has been successfully transferred to several local online catalogs, including Eugene Public Library's circulation and online catalog system, ULISYS. RLG!RLIN RLIN anticipates being able to offer pub- lic access to their database. RLIN data has been successfully transferred to several local circulation systems.
     • keywords: data; local; public
     • versions: original; plain text
576. ital-5299
     • author: University of, Oregon
     • title: A Comparison of OCLC, RLG/RLIN, and WLN
     • date: 1981-09-01
     • words: 9587
     • flesch: 55
     • summary: WLN data has been suc- cessfully transferred to local circulation sys- tems and an agreement has been reached with DATAPHASE, a computerized circu- lation system vendor, to discount purchase of their system by WLN member libraries. INTRODUCTION An online bibliographic utility provides computer services to member libraries who, in turn, contribute computer-readable rec- ords to a common database.
     • keywords: cataloging; database; information; libraries; library; oclc; online; records; system; wln
     • versions: original; plain text
577. ital-5300
     • author: Malinconico, S. Michael
     • title: LITA Award, 1980: Maurice J. Freedman
     • date: 1981-09-01
     • words: 1108
     • flesch: 55
     • summary: Mitch, like the philosopher and satirist whose images grace the walls of his office, is an iconoclast who insists on more than the endorsement of reigning authority before he will embrace an idea; and he will work tirelessly to change the prevailing wisdom if he finds that it serves to frustrate rather than aid the delivery of the kind and quality of library service to which he feels the patrons of libraries are entitled. His contribution comes from the depth of sensitivity and understanding he brought to the application of technology to library service.
     • keywords: library; mitch
     • versions: original; plain text
578. ital-5301
     • author: Crawford, Walt
     • title: News and Announcements
     • date: 1981-09-01
     • words: 1592
     • flesch: 60
     • summary: Cataloging records loaded from OCLC MARC records by tape and from a microcomputer interface at the OCLC printer port. Forty-one percent of the CHANNEL 2000 test group felt that their knowledge of library services increased as a result of the CHANNEL 2000 test.
     • keywords: channel; library; use
     • versions: original; plain text
579. ital-5302
     • author: Aveny, Brian; Hagyard, Alan E.; Lengyel, Suzanna; Watson, Peter; Gray, Carolyn M.; Slade, Rod; Ackerman, Mark S.
     • title: Book Reviews
     • date: 1981-09-01
     • words: 5249
     • flesch: 64
     • summary: View- data systems, on the other hand, are quite like online information systems except for their use of a television as a display device, their simplicity, and their broader range of transactions and information. A paper by Simon notes that cable will not only provide large audiences for information services but will also eliminate some of the traditionally defined viewdata functions.
     • keywords: book; database; information; library; online; search; systems
     • versions: original; plain text
580. ital-5303
     • author: Aveny, Brian
     • title: Editor's Notes
     • date: 1981-01-01
     • words: 372
     • flesch: 61
     • summary: The first issue appeared in March 1968, just shortly after this editor had graduated from library school. Under the editorships of Fre- derick G. Kilgour and Susan K. Martin, ]OLA established itself as a major source of information about developments in library automation.
     • keywords: issue
     • versions: original; plain text
581. ital-5304
     • author: Line, Maurice B.
     • title: Libraries and Information Services in a Post-Technological Society
     • date: 1981-01-01
     • words: 7939
     • flesch: 58
     • summary: If there is a single main message in this paper, it is that a technological vision alone is hopelessly incomplete, that librar- ians and information people must at all costs avoid the planning disasters that narrow-thinking, well-meaning experts have scattered so liberally around us, and that they can take a positive lead not only in developing libraries and information services for the future society but in helping to shape that society. A move from big cities to townships and other smaller communities, and the independence of distance provided by information technology, should lead to much greater local and regional self-sufficiency.
     • keywords: information; libraries; need; people; society; technology; work
     • versions: original; plain text
582. ital-5305
     • author: Dillon, Martin; Knight, Rebecca C.; Lospinuso, Margaret F.; Ulmschneider, John
     • title: The Use of Automatic Indexing for Authority Control
     • date: 1981-01-01
     • words: 3846
     • flesch: 64
     • summary: The stop-word list elim- inates all unwanted words in the list of variant name forms. An interesting possibility is to use such match criteria to discover variant author name forms in creating the authority file, since many variant forms result only from misspellings, title attributions, and so on.
     • keywords: authority; automatic; control; file; term
     • versions: original; plain text
583. ital-5306
     • author: Freedman, Maurice J.
     • title: Circulation Systems Past and Present
     • date: 1981-01-01
     • words: 3790
     • flesch: 62
     • summary: A review of the development of circulation systems shows two areas of change. An examination of the history of circulation systems and their evolution to the present state reveals the change in outlook from a narrow view of the circulation function to a broader view.
     • keywords: book; circulation; library; system
     • versions: original; plain text
584. ital-5307
     • author: Gapen, D. Kaye
     • title: MARC Format Simplification
     • date: 1981-01-01
     • words: 4517
     • flesch: 53
     • summary: The origi- nal paper was commissioned in June 1981, by the ARL Task Force on Bibliographic Control as one facet in exploring the per- ceived high costs of cataloging and adher- ing to MARC formats in ARL libraries. The general thrust of that review is a close examination of the MARC format in an attempt to begin to lay the foundation on which revised MARC formats can firmly stand- particularly in regard to content designa- tion (tags, indicators, and subfield codes used to identify and characterize the data explicitly).
     • keywords: format; library; marc; marc format; operations
     • versions: original; plain text
585. ital-5308
     • author: Crowley, Terence
     • title: Comparing Fiche and Film: A Test of Speed
     • date: 1981-01-01
     • words: 2281
     • flesch: 67
     • summary: Because of the relatively small numbers of subjects and observations •The author, an experienced fiche user, was timed at 11.6 minutes; this was the fastest time recorded by either fiche or film users. Primary disadvantages cited are hardware malfunctions, increased need for patron instruction, user resistance (par-
     • keywords: fiche; film; library; users
     • versions: original; plain text
586. ital-5309
     • author: Long, James K.
     • title: Electronic Order Transmission
     • date: 1981-01-01
     • words: 2065
     • flesch: 66
     • summary: Standard formats need to be accepted and enforced for order transmission. Acquisition orders must be collected from multiple libraries at a central site to generate volume for dispersal to multiple sites.
     • keywords: book; format; library; order
     • versions: original; plain text
587. ital-5310
     • author: Intner, Sheila
     • title: Microcomputer Backup to Online Circulation
     • date: 1981-01-01
     • words: 2113
     • flesch: 64
     • summary: Some of this is attributable to our relatively full storage, requiring us to perform house- keeping routines frequently, but the rest is a result of system failure. This appears to be slower than aver- age and may well be due to the extremely high level of system activity.
     • keywords: computer; system; terminal
     • versions: original; plain text
588. ital-5311
     • author: Paul, Sandra K.
     • title: Computer-to-Computer Communication in the Acquisition Process
     • date: 1981-01-01
     • words: 3328
     • flesch: 63
     • summary: Today more than seventy publishers are equipped to receive computer tape orders and input them di- rectly to their order fulfillment systems; twenty-six publishers can produce com- puter invoices and credits for their cus- tomers; six are capable of sending monthly updating information about titles, prices, publication dates, and books declared out of print. Random House analyzed returns for wrong title or wrong edition one year after they began receiving tape orders from Dalton, Baker & Taylor, and Brodart.
     • keywords: committee; computer; format; order
     • versions: original; plain text
589. ital-5312
     • author: Satellite Consortium, Public Service
     • title: Cable Library Survey Results
     • date: 1981-01-01
     • words: 5768
     • flesch: 58
     • summary: FINAL WORD As a result of this survey, PSSC has pro- filed cable libraries of all technical capabili- ties for input into a database of network resources. To answer these questions, PSSC mailed questionnaires to 101 libraries that had been identified as potential cable libraries.
     • keywords: cable; libraries; library; network; program; satellite; survey; system
     • versions: original; plain text
590. ital-5313
     • author: Aveny, Brian
     • title: News and Announcements
     • date: 1981-01-01
     • words: 2485
     • flesch: 48
     • summary: Colorado Boulder Public Library, Boulder Connecticut Thomaston Public Library, Thomaston Florida Tarpon Springs Public Library, Tarpon Springs Georgia Tri-County Regional Library, Rome Idaho Pocatello Public Library, Pocatello Illinois Pekin Public Library, Pekin Rockford Public Library, Rockford Indiana Fort Wayne Public Library, Fort Wayne Monroe County Public Library, Bloomington Iowa Kirkwood Community College Telecommunications Center, Cedar Rapids Iowa City Public Library, Iowa City Kansas Abilene Public Library, Abilene Newton Public Library, Newton Kentu cky Lexington Public Library, Lexington Louisville Public Library, Louisville Camden-Carroll Library, Morehead State University , Morehead Massachusetts Greenfield Community College Library, Greenfield South Hadley Library System, South Hadley Minn esota Anoka County Library, Fridley Cloquet Public Library, Cloquet Crow River Regional Library, Willmar International Falls Public Library, International Falls Minnesota Valley Regional Library, Mankato Marshall-Lyon County Library System, Marshall Western Plains Library System, Montevideo Rochester Public Library , Rochester St. Cloud Public Library, St. Cloud Missouri St. Charles City County Library, St. Peters New j ersey Burlington County College Library , Pemberton New York Albany Public Library, Albany Amherst Public Library , Willia msville Bethlehem Public Library, Delmar Chautauqua-Cattaraugus Library System, Jamestown Gates Public Library, Rochester Mid-York Library System, Utica Ridge Road Elementary School Library, Horseheads North Carolina Davidson County Community College Library, Lexington Ohio Greene County District Library, Xenia Public Library of Columbus and Franklin County, Columbus News and Announcements 315 University of Toledo Library, Toledo Pennsylvania Altoona Area Public Library, Altoona Lancaster County Library, Lancaster Monroeville Public Library , Monroeville Tennessee Memphis/Shelby County Public Library & Information Center, Memphis Utah Merrill Library and Learning Resources Program , Utah State University, Logan Weber County Library, Ogden Virginia Arlington County Department of Libraries, Arlington Washington Edmonds Community College Library, Lynnwood Lynnwood Public Library, Lynnwood Mountlake Terrace Public Library, Mountlake Terrace Seattle Public Library, Seattle Wisconsin Middleton Public Library, Middleton Nicolet College Learning Resource Center, Rhinelander Who's Who
     • keywords: electronic; information; libraries; library; public
     • versions: original; plain text
591. ital-5314
     • author: Thompson, Donald; Lau, Frances
     • title: Book Reviews
     • date: 1981-01-01
     • words: 1643
     • flesch: 58
     • summary: The main text walks the reader through each element of a contract (e.g., terms of agree- ment, specification of governing law, schedule, acceptance testing, etc.), pro- vides sample contract language and adds comments and recommendations for how to cope with specific problems (e. g., negoti- ation of system reliability standards, p. 3-4). For example, Injosystems was formerly called Management and Business Automation and later changed to Business Automation with the merging of International Business Auto- mation and International Edition Business Automation.
     • keywords: book; computer; contract
     • versions: original; plain text
592. ital-5315
     • author: Aveny, Brian
     • title: Highlights of LITA Board Meetings
     • date: 1981-01-01
     • words: 2156
     • flesch: 70
     • summary: Dis- cussion included the mechanics of keeping the membership informed of proposed standards being considered, the large amount of time required of the representa- Highlights of Meetings 323 tive to monitor, study, and disseminate the proposed standards, and the costs involved for LIT A to support a representative. Marilyn Rehnberg, chairperson of VCCS, reported a request from National Audio-Visual Association asking LIT A to put on a Video Showcase for the seminar part of the NAVA Annual Conference in Anaheim in January.
     • keywords: board; committee; y y
     • versions: original; plain text
593. ital-5341
     • author: Lamothe, Alain R.
     • title: The Importance of Identifying and Accommodating E-Resource Usage Data for the Presence of Outliers. The Negative Impacts of Inaccurate E-Journal Usage Data.
     • date: 2014-06-22
     • words: 5770
     • flesch: 53
     • summary: Suspected usage outliers from an e-journal need to be compared to other usage values of that particular title because each e-journal tends to be used differently. In fact, this practice has been enforced for the past several years and has saved the library a considerable sum of money.24 For this reason, it is extremely important not to assume the accuracy of usage values without carefully examining the data.
     • keywords: articles; data; journal; outliers; usage; values
     • versions: original; plain text
594. ital-5365
     • author: Trainor, Cindi
     • title: President's Message
     • date: 2013-12-22
     • words: 624
     • flesch: 60
     • summary: • Education & Sharing of Expertise: Offer education, publications, and events to inspire and enable members to improve technology integration within their libraries. Our one-hour meeting will be spent asking and answering questions of those who typically submit written reports for Board meetings: the Vice-President, the President, and the Executive Director.
     • keywords: midwinter
     • versions: original; plain text
595. ital-5367
     • author: Gerrity, Robert
     • title: Editor's Comments
     • date: 2013-12-22
     • words: 343
     • flesch: 31
     • summary: Microsoft Word - ital_december_gerrity_final.docx   Editor’s Comments Bob Gerrity     INFORMATION  TECHNOLOGIES  AND  LIBRARIES  |  SEPTEMBER  2013   3     This  Month’s  Issue   We  have  an  eclectic  mix  of  content  in  this  issue  of  Information  Technology  and  Libraries.   The  advent  of  Massive  Open  Online  Courses   (MOOCs)  would  seem  to  present  an  ideal  framework  for  the  development  of  immersive  library   services  to  support  learners  who  may  otherwise  lack  access  to  quality  library  resources  and   services.  
     • keywords: library
     • versions: original; plain text
596. ital-5377
     • author: Thornburg, Gail
     • title: A Candid Look at Collected Works: Challenges of Clustering Aggregates in GLIMIR and FRBR
     • date: 2014-08-25
     • words: 5046
     • flesch: 57
     • summary: AND LIBRARIES | SEPTEMBER 2014 53 ABSTRACT Creating descriptions of collected works in ways consistent with clear and precise retrieval has long challenged information professionals. This paper describes problems of creating record clusters for collected works and distinguishing them from single works: design pitfalls, successes, failures, and future research.
     • keywords: bibliographic; collected; frbr; glimir; records; work
     • versions: original; plain text
597. ital-5378
     • author: Bennett, Rick; O'Neill, Edward T.; Kammerer, Kerre
     • title: assignFAST: An Autosuggest based tool for FAST Subject Assignment
     • date: 2014-03-25
     • words: 2705
     • flesch: 50
     • summary: The version used for this example shows: See Heading USE Authorized Heading when a See heading is returned, or simply the Authorized Heading otherwise. USE Feature films Motion pictures Motorcars (Automobiles) USE Automobiles Motion picture music Background music for motion pictures USE Motion picture music Motion pictures for the hearing impaired USE Films for the hearing impaired Documentaries, Motion picture USE Documentary films Mother of God USE Mary, Blessed Virgin, Saint The headings in assignFAST are ranked by how often they are used in WorldCat, so headings that are more common appear at the top.
     • keywords: assignfast; heading; interface; subject; web
     • versions: original; plain text
598. ital-5403
     • author: Dehmlow, Mark
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: A Considerable Technology Asset that Has Little to Do with Technology.
     • date: 2014-03-25
     • words: 893
     • flesch: 44
     • summary: My primary reasoning for this is that technology is (1) fairly opaque to people outside of technology areas and (2) technology is driving so much of the rapid change we are experiencing in libraries. In many ways, our reputation as a committed service profession will be affected by out tech staffs’ ability to interact well with end users, and ultimately, I believe the proportion of our tech staff that have a high EQ could be one the strongest predictor s of the long-term success for technology teams in libraries.
     • keywords: people; technology
     • versions: original; plain text
599. ital-5404
     • author: Cyzyk, Mark
     • title: Review of EPUB 3: Best Practices
     • date: 2014-03-25
     • words: 801
     • flesch: 65
     • summary: To be fair, code examples of all of this is up on the accompanying Website, and I am using these examples as I learn to code EPUB 3 for my own project. So if different versions of the same spec are so different, with no guarantee that a future reading system will be able to read documents adhering to a previous version, then the prospect of reading EPUB documents into the future is pretty sketchy.
     • keywords: book
     • versions: original; plain text
600. ital-5480
     • author: Ward, David; Hahn, James; Mestre, Lori
     • title: Adventure Code Camp: Library Mobile Design in the Backcountry
     • date: 2014-09-25
     • words: 3582
     • flesch: 47
     • summary: This case study reviews process, outcomes, and next steps in mobile web app coding camps. Coding camps offer a chance for librarians to get direct student feedback on their own software development goals.
     • keywords: camp; coding; library; mobile; student
     • versions: original; plain text
601. ital-5485
     • author: Williams, Leslie A.; Fox, Lynne M; Roeder, Christophe; Hunter, Lawrence
     • title: Negotiating a Text Mining License for Faculty Researchers
     • date: 2014-09-25
     • words: 7038
     • flesch: 33
     • summary: After  their  experience  with  developing  a  framework  to  license  and  purchase  a  large  corpora  of   journal  articles  in  XML  format  to  be  text  mined,  Fox  and  Williams  came  to  believe  that,  in  addition   to  providing  copyright  expertise,  librarians  should  assist  in  reducing  transaction  costs  by   developing  model  license  clauses  for  text  mining  and  routinely  negotiating  for  these  rights  when   the  library  purchases  journals  and  other  types  of  content.   For  these  reasons  the  body  of  text  that  is  most  often  used  by  researchers   for  text  mining  is  PubMed.”3  The  resulting  visualization  allowed  researchers  to  identify  four  genes   involved  in  mouse  craniofacial  development  that  had  not  previously  been  connected  to  tongue   development,  with  the  resulting  hypotheses  validated  by  subsequent  laboratory  experiment.4  The   knowledge-­‐based  analysis  tool  is  open  access.    
     • keywords: content; hunter; mining; research; text
     • versions: original; plain text
602. ital-5495
     • author: Fortier, Alexandre; Burkell, Jacquelyn
     • title: Hidden Online Surveillance: What Librarians Should Know to Protect Their Own Privacy and That of Their Patrons
     • date: 2015-09-21
     • words: 5950
     • flesch: 35
     • summary: The   2013  US  Consumer  Data  Privacy  Study  (TRUSTe  2013),  for  example,  reveals  that  80  percent  of   users  are  aware  of  online  behavioral  tracking  on  their  desktop  devices,  while  slightly  under  70   percent  are  aware  of  tracking  on  mobile  devices  (see  also  Office  of  the  Privacy  Commissioner  of   Canada  2013).   4 For instance, the new Self-Regulatory Guidelines for Online Behavioral Advertising identify the need to provide notice to users when behavioral data is collected that allows the tracking of users across websites and over time (United States Federal Trade Commission, 2009).
     • keywords: cookies; information; online; privacy; tracking
     • versions: original; plain text
603. ital-5576
     • author: Cyzyk, Mark
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: The Checklist
     • date: 2014-06-22
     • words: 1303
     • flesch: 57
     • summary: Viewing software packages as types of genres is useful insofar as, when it comes time to assemble requirements for a new project or ser vice, thinking of existing software systems as concrete instantiations of such requirements speeds the accomplishment of this task. These systems individually represent concrete instantiations of clusters of similar requirements.
     • keywords: management; software; systems
     • versions: original; plain text
604. ital-5578
     • author: Avram, Henriette D.; Maruyama, Lenore S.
     • title: Recon Pilot Project: A Progress Report, April-September 1970
     • date: 1971-03-01
     • words: 6556
     • flesch: 55
     • summary: In comparing production rates in the two systems, time needed to proof format recognition records must be compared against time needed to edit and proof in the current system. This technique should eliminate substantial portions of the manual editing process and, if successful, should represent a con- siderable savings in the cost of creating machine readable records.
     • keywords: data; format; library; machine; recognition; recon; records
     • versions: original; plain text
605. ital-5579
     • author: Weber, David C.
     • title: Personnel Aspects of Library Automation
     • date: 1971-03-01
     • words: 4700
     • flesch: 52
     • summary: A project manager also needs to take great care that research does not become an end in itself, a particular tendency of graduate students doing system development. However, in a system where absolute exactitude is demanded and where costs of system development are high, methodical recording of principles and procedures is obviously necessary.
     • keywords: automation; design; library; project; stanford; system
     • versions: original; plain text
606. ital-5580
     • author: Miller, Ellen Wasby; Hodges, B. J.
     • title: Shawnee Mission's On-Line Cataloging System
     • date: 1971-03-01
     • words: 5461
     • flesch: 63
     • summary: Using IBM's FASTER software framework freed programmers from tedious 1/0 control; instead, they devoted their efforts to writing instructions for adding to, updating, and deleting from library disk files. These transactions are a simple, understandable, and powerful method of maintaining library files.
     • keywords: cataloging; data; faster; library; line; system; title
     • versions: original; plain text
607. ital-5581
     • author: Kennedy, John P.
     • title: File Size and the Cost of Processing MARC Records
     • date: 1971-03-01
     • words: 4845
     • flesch: 65
     • summary: Data Processing Librarian, Georgia Institute of Tech- nology, Atlanta, Georgia Many systems being developed for utilizing MARC records in acquisitions and cataloging operations depend on the selection of records from a cum- ulative tape file. The report on the Yale bibliographic system shows that the introduction of MARC rec- ords into a system that was not designed for processing MARC records may produce substantially higher costs.
     • keywords: cost; file; marc; records
     • versions: original; plain text
608. ital-5582
     • author: Hammer, Donald P.; Branscomb, Lewis C.; Livingston, Lawrence G.; Palmer, Foster M.; Brown, Sue; Dodson, James T.; Hopkins, Judith; Hogan, Alan D.; Kilgour, Frederick G.; Weitemeyer, Mogens
     • title: Book Reviews
     • date: 1971-03-01
     • words: 4070
     • flesch: 56
     • summary: The person wishing to learn all about the use of computers in the public service, especially in library systems, will do well to look beyond this meagre list of citations. It seemed useful to approach this review from the point of view of a designer of automated library systems, to see how well this bibliography covered the use of computers in that sector of the public service.
     • keywords: automation; book; information; libraries; library; marc; system
     • versions: original; plain text
609. ital-5583
     • author: Grant, Robert S.
     • title: Predicting the Need for Multiple Copies of Books
     • date: 1971-06-01
     • words: 2738
     • flesch: 70
     • summary: CONCLUSIONS A close examination of the 570 titles apparently in need of duplication reveals that, with very few exceptions, students are apparently checking out only books that are curriculum oriented in the most narrow sense, i,e., books which they need to use in writing term papers. An article by William L. Leffler ( 1) suggested a system of adapting industrial inventory techniques to the problem of identifying books to be duplicated that would be compatible with the Library's computer based circulation system and also could be expected to be simpler and more thorough than the above method of buying multiple copies.
     • keywords: book; copies; number
     • versions: original; plain text
610. ital-5584
     • author: Newman, William L.; Buchinski, Edwin J.
     • title: Entry/Title Compression Code Access to Machine Readable Bibliographic Files
     • date: 1971-06-01
     • words: 3977
     • flesch: 68
     • summary: This problem may be solved through the use of compression codes generated from author /title, or other bibliographic information. Studies Entry/Title Compression Code/NEWMAN and BUCHINSKI 73 of compression codes and their performance have been reported by Rueck- ing ( 1), Kilgour ( 2), and the University of Chicago ( 3).
     • keywords: code; compression; entry; marc; title; type
     • versions: original; plain text
611. ital-5585
     • author: Rao, Paladugu V.; Szerenyi, B. Joseph
     • title: Booth Library On-Line Circulation System (BLOC)
     • date: 1971-06-01
     • words: 6918
     • flesch: 62
     • summary: Creation of book cards (those used in circulation transactions) from the master cards is explained in file updating procedure. 3) When the Booth Library MARC implementation project is completed, most book cards can be generated directly from the MARC tapes.
     • keywords: book; card; circulation; file; library; number; system
     • versions: original; plain text
612. ital-5586
     • author: Sumarokov, Leonid N.
     • title: On the Recursive Definition of a Format for Communication
     • date: 1971-06-01
     • words: 945
     • flesch: 47
     • summary: Thus, the problem of a format for communica- tion reflects the existing tendency toward ensuring compatibility among formats. It has a different purpose, viz., to point out wider perspectives that will unfold by applying the recursive presentation of notations in formats at the expense of an object with any hierarchical depth.
     • keywords: format; notation
     • versions: original; plain text
613. ital-5587
     • author: Kilgour, Frederick G.; Ryder, Valerie J.; Polacsek, Richard A.; Hopkins, Judith; Furth, Stephen E.; Clapp, Verner W.; Reed, Mary Jane; Kilgour, Eleanor M.; Voos, Henry; Rumics, Elizabeth
     • title: Book Reviews
     • date: 1971-06-01
     • words: 4406
     • flesch: 57
     • summary: The chapter on libraries deals primarily with Project INTREX and thus fails to give an overview of developments in library systems which are operational. The most serious drawback of this book in regard to library automation is its obvious slant toward business applications.
     • keywords: automation; book; interlibrary; libraries; library; loan; manual
     • versions: original; plain text
614. ital-5588
     • author: Avram, Henriette D.; Maruyama, Lenore S.
     • title: The Recon Pilot Project: A Progress Report, October 1970-May 1971
     • date: 1971-09-01
     • words: 4413
     • flesch: 60
     • summary: It is recognized that the distribution of cards and MARC records requires the same computer based bibliographic files and has similar hardware and software requirements. Since cards in the LC record set do not necessarily reflect the latest changes made to the cards in the LC Official Catalog, the Official Catalog comparison is necessary to ensure that RECON records are as up-to-date as the cards in the Official Catalog.
     • keywords: format; language; library; recon; records
     • versions: original; plain text
615. ital-5589
     • author: Chauveinc, Marc
     • title: MONOCLE
     • date: 1971-09-01
     • words: 6377
     • flesch: 70
     • summary: This goal led to the consideration of the major problems of filing records and building an internal format to allow easy programming of correct filing , even if this correct filing is rather complicated for the computer. Most centers using MARC II records have designed their own processing formats and file structures from which, if the center is to participate in a network, it must be possible to regenerate records in a communications format.
     • keywords: field; filing; format; library; marc; monocle; title
     • versions: original; plain text
616. ital-5590
     • author: Koenig, Michael E. D.; Finlay, Alexander C.; Cushman, Joann G.; Detmer, James M.
     • title: SCOPE: A Cost Analysis of an Automated Serials Record System
     • date: 1971-09-01
     • words: 4607
     • flesch: 60
     • summary: METHOD The method of cost analysis used was the net present value method. The bulk of material that has been written regarding costs and cost analysis has concentrated upon costs per unit of productivity of a functioning sys- tem, or upon comparison of such costs among various systems ( 4,5,6) .
     • keywords: analysis; cost; file; library; scope; system
     • versions: original; plain text
617. ital-5591
     • author: Mauerhoff, Georg R.; Smith, Richard G.
     • title: A MARC II-Based Program for Retrieval and Dissemination
     • date: 1971-09-01
     • words: 6299
     • flesch: 66
     • summary: Additional projects reporting on the subject approach to MARC tapes in a batch environment are not numerous. In Sweden, Bjorn Tell ( 17) has run a MARC II test tape in his integrated information retrieval system called ABACUS, while in Edmonton, Canada, Doreen Heaps ( 18) reports on author and title searches of MARC tapes in a Chemical Titles format.
     • keywords: information; library; marc; profile; program; search; seldom; tape
     • versions: original; plain text
618. ital-5592
     • author: Mathis, Robert F.; Hopkins, Judith; Line, Maurice B.
     • title: Book Reviews
     • date: 1971-09-01
     • words: 1406
     • flesch: 67
     • summary: One innovation introduced in this format that can only be applauded by MARC users is the adoption of the BNB practice of using the second indicator of title fields (241, 245, 440, 840, but not 740 where the second indicator had previously been assigned a different function) to specify the number of characters at the beginning of the entry which are to be ignored in filing. 4/3 September, 1971 A. J. Wells opened the Conference with a paper introducing U.K. MARC and closed it with a paper stating its relationship to the British National Bibliography.
     • keywords: book; marc
     • versions: original; plain text
619. ital-5593
     • author: Malley, Patricia Munson
     • title: Development of a Technical Library to Support Computer Systems Evaluation
     • date: 1971-12-01
     • words: 3717
     • flesch: 54
     • summary: That is, a manual is listed by computer system, within the manufacturer, within the subject code. The user is aided in his searches by the following three types of listings of holdings: 1) Listing by manufacturer (Figure 1 ): major sort field, manufacturer; intermediate sort field , computer system nomenclature; intermediate sort field, subject code (tab); and minor sort field, publication number.
     • keywords: computer; ibm; information; library; system
     • versions: original; plain text
620. ital-5594
     • author: Palmer, Foster M.
     • title: Automatic Processing of Personal Names for Filing
     • date: 1971-12-01
     • words: 5632
     • flesch: 63
     • summary: Furthermore, very specifically, it deals with prefix names. The other problem is more refractory and is exemplified by titles beginning with prefix names, for example De Gaulle, De Soto, and Van Gogh.
     • keywords: filing; library; list; names; prefix; processing; system
     • versions: original; plain text
621. ital-5595
     • author: Schieber, William D.; Thomas, George W.
     • title: An Algorithm for Compaction of Alphanumeric Data
     • date: 1971-12-01
     • words: 3512
     • flesch: 69
     • summary: Characters that are unallocated may be used to represent longer character strings. One approach to this type of extension is to take a particular type of character string, namely a word, and to encode certain words which appear frequently.
     • keywords: character; compaction; data; encoding; string
     • versions: original; plain text
622. ital-5596
     • author: Kilgour, Frederick G.
     • title: Title-Only Entries Retrieved by Use of Truncated Search Keys
     • date: 1971-12-01
     • words: 1637
     • flesch: 67
     • summary: The keys from name-title entries consistently produce fewer maximum entries per reply. CONCLUSION This experiment has produced evidence that a series of truncated search keys derived from a first order Markov word string in a bibliographic description yields a higher number of maximum entries per reply than does a series derived from a zero order Markov string.
     • keywords: entries; title
     • versions: original; plain text
623. ital-5597
     • author: Long, Philip L.; Kilgour, Frederick G.
     • title: Name-Title Entry Retrieval From a MARC File
     • date: 1971-12-01
     • words: 548
     • flesch: 62
     • summary: Initial articles were deleted in Yale titles, but only English articles in MARC titles because the language of foreign language titles is not identified in MARC. Possible influences that might have led to different results were the existence of errors in the Yale file, a significant proportion of foreign titles in the Yale file as compared to the nearly all-English MARC file, and the inability to mechanically delete the initial articles in the few foreign language MARC titles.
     • keywords: file
     • versions: original; plain text
624. ital-5598
     • author: Nance, Richard E.; Wickham, W. Kenneth; Duggan, Maryann
     • title: A Computer System for Effective Management of a Medical Library Network
     • date: 1971-12-01
     • words: 2427
     • flesch: 50
     • summary: 4) TRIPS is extremely sensitive to system integrity, providing diagnosis of input data, reporting of errors, magnetic tape backup of data files, and a system failsafe tape. Data entry in tum comprises 1) collecting statistics, 2) diagnosis and verifica- tion of input data and 3) backup of original verified input data.
     • keywords: data; library; talon; trips
     • versions: original; plain text
625. ital-5599
     • author: Yovits, Marshall C.; Saracevic, Tefko; Veaner, Allen B.; Fasana, Paul J.; Miller, Ronald; Eaton, Andrew J.; Chaffe, Alberta L.; Kilgour, Frederick G.; Slamecka, V.; Vaillancourt, Pauline M.
     • title: Book Reviews
     • date: 1971-12-01
     • words: 5409
     • flesch: 52
     • summary: In short, it is a collection of a large number of papers mostly from the last few years having to do in some way with information science or more properly, with information systems. Furthermore, the overall scope of the articles is generally quite limited and, although the editor implies it is not so, tends to equate information science to information systems.
     • keywords: automation; book; entries; information; library; science; services; volume
     • versions: original; plain text
626. ital-5600
     • author: Promann, Marlen; Zhang, Tao
     • title: Applying Hierarchical Task Analysis Method to Discovery Layer Evaluation
     • date: 2015-03-30
     • words: 11735
     • flesch: 46
     • summary: While  most   tasks  were  accomplished  successfully,  the  study  confirmed  previous  warnings  that  users  do  not   understand  the  complexities  of  search  and  identified  several  interface  issues:  (1)  users  desire   single  search,  but  willingly  use  multiple  options  for  search,  (2)  lack  of  visibility  for  the  option  to   sort  search  results,  and  (3)  the  difficulty  in  finding  journal  articles.[3]     Yang  and  Wagner  offer  one  case  where  the  aim  was  to  evaluate  discovery  layers  against  a  check-­‐ list  of  12  features  that  would  define  a  true  ‘next  generation  catalogue’:     (1)  Single  point  of  entry  to  all  library  information,     (2)  State-­‐of-­‐the-­‐art  web  interface  (e.g.  Google  and  Amazon),     (3)  Enriched  content  (e.g.  book  cover  images,  ratings  and  comments),     (4)  Faceted  navigation  for  search  results,     (5)  Simple  keyword  search  on  every  page,     (6)  More  precise  relevancy  (with  circulation  statistics  a  contributing  factor),     (7)  Automatic  spell  check,     (8)  Recommendations  to  related  materials  (common  in  commercial  sites,  e.g.  Amazon),     (9)  Allowing  users  to  add  data  to  records  (e.g.  reviews),       INFORMATION  TECHNOLOGY  AND  LIBRARIES  |  MARCH  2015   81   (10)  RSS  feeds  to  allow  users  to  follow  top  circulating  books  or  topic  related  updates  in  the   library  catalogue,     (11)  Links  to  social  networking  sites  to  allow  users  to  share  their  resources,     (12)  Stable  URL’s  that  can  be  easily  copied,  pasted  and  shared.   Microsoft Word - March_ITAL_prommann_original_notes.docx Applying  Hierarchical  Task  Analysis   Method  to  Discovery  Layer  Evaluation       Merlen  Prommann   and  Tao  Zhang     INFORMATION  TECHNOLOGY  AND  LIBRARIES  |  MARCH  2015             77   ABSTRACT   While  usability  tests  have  been  helpful  in  evaluating  the  success  or  failure  of  implementing  discovery   layers  in  the  library  context,  the  focus  of  usability  tests  has  remained  on  the  search  interface  rather   than  the  discovery  process  for  users.
     • keywords: case; discovery; library; results; search; task; users
     • versions: original; plain text
627. ital-5607
     • author: Stuart, Kenyon; Varnum, Ken; Ahronheim, Judith
     • title: Measuring Journal Linking Success from a Discovery Service
     • date: 2015-03-30
     • words: 8663
     • flesch: 55
     • summary: 2. links  in  the  360  Link  menu  that  were  not  used  for  1-­‐Click  when  360  Link  attempted  to  link   to  full  text  using  1-­‐Click   3. links  in  the  360  Link  menu  where  clicking  the  link  in  Summon  led  directly  to  the  360  Link   menu  instead  of  using  1-­‐Click             MEASURING  JOURNAL  LINKING  SUCCESS  FROM  A  DISCOVERY  SERVICE  |  STUART,  VARNUM,  AND   AHRONHEIM   69     Sample  1   Nov.  2012   n  =  167   Sample  2   Dec.  2012   n  =  158   Sample  3   Jan.  2013   n  =  184   Sample  4   Jan.  2013   n  =  172   Full  Text/Page  with  full-­‐text  link   81   48.5%   84   53.2%   103   56.0%   87   50.6%   Abstract/Citation  Only   0   0.0%   0   0.0%   1   0.5%   0   0.0%   Unable  to  access  full  text  through  available   full-­‐text  link   0   0.0%   1   0.6%   0   0.0%   1   0.6%   Error  but  full  text  available   9   5.4%   14   8.9%   17   9.2%   23   13.4%   Error  and  full  text  not  accessible  through   full-­‐text  link  on  target   1   0.6%   0   0.0%   0   0.0%   0   0.0%   Error  and  no  full-­‐text  link  on  target   10   6.0%   1   0.6%   6   3.3%   5   2.9%   Failed  to  find  DOI  through  link  in  360  Link   menu   3   1.8%   5   3.2%   5   2.7%   8   4.7%   Main  journal  page   22   13.2%   24   15.2%   17   9.2%   15   8.7%   Other   2   1.2%   0   0.0%   1   0.5%   2   1.2%   360  Link  menu  with  no  full-­‐text  links   0   0.0%   2   1.3%   3   1.6%   3   1.7%   Results  list   9   5.4%   4   2.5%   10   5.4%   3   1.7%   Search  box   6   3.6%   7   4.4%   5   2.7%   8   4.7%   Table  of  Contents   12   7.2%   6   3.8%   10   5.4%   9   5.2%   Listing  of  volumes/issues   9   5.4%   9   5.7%   5   2.7%   6   3.5%   Wrong  article   3   1.8%   1   0.6%   1   0.5%   2   1.2%   Table  6.  Results  with  360  Link:  All  Links  Produced  by  360  Link   In  addition  to  recording  what  happened,  we  attempted  to  determine  why  links  failed  to  reach  full   text.   Since  links,   platforms,  contracts,  and  subscriptions  change  frequently,  this  can  be  a  time-­‐consuming  process.  
     • keywords: link; linking; text
     • versions: original; plain text
628. ital-5625
     • author: Young, Scott Woodward Hazard; Rossmann, Doralyn
     • title: Building Library Community Through Social Media
     • date: 2015-03-30
     • words: 5457
     • flesch: 38
     • summary: Hofer  notes  that  communities  formed  online  through  social  media  activity  can  generate  a  sense  of   “online  bonding  social  capital. ”53   This  paper  builds  on  existing  online  community  research  while  drawing  on  the  critical  theory  of   “digital  dualism”  to  argue  that  communities  built  through  social  media  do  not  reside  in  a  separate   “online”  space,  but  rather  are  one  element  of  a  much  more  significant  and  valuable  form  of  holistic   connectedness.
     • keywords: community; library; media; social
     • versions: original; plain text
629. ital-5629
     • author: Nelson, David; Turney, Linda
     • title: What’s in a word? : Rethinking facet headings in a discovery service
     • date: 2015-06-15
     • words: 7260
     • flesch: 39
     • summary: The     INFORMATION  TECHNOLOGY  AND  LIBRARIES  |  JUNE  2015           80   challenge  that  libraries  face  is  the  need  to  make  sure  that  users  are  aware  of  their  presence  on  a   search  interface  rather  than  relying  exclusively  on  keywords  alone  and  solely  on  the   algorithmically  based  result.24  The  value  of  the  faceted/filtered  search  is  the  ability  to  lead  the   searcher  quickly  and  efficiently  to  the  desired  result,  a  result  that  will  too  often  elude  the  user   even  with  a  powerful  Google  search,  unless  that  user  gets  most  of  the  terms  exactly  right.   At  this  point,  it  is  difficult,  if  not  impossible,  to   know  whether  facets  have  been  used  for  searches  and,  if  so,  which  facets  have  been  used.
     • keywords: discovery; facet; information; library; search
     • versions: original; plain text
630. ital-5631
     • author: Gonzales, Brighid M.
     • title: Linking Libraries to the Web: Linked Data and the Future of the Bibliographic Record
     • date: 2014-12-18
     • words: 5644
     • flesch: 35
     • summary: Libraries  still  consider  themselves  the  province  of  quality,  reliable  information,  but  users  don’t   necessarily  go  to  libraries  when  searching  and  don’t  necessarily  have  the  Internet  acumen  to   distinguish  between  authoritative  information  and  questionable  resources.   “Libraries  no  longer  own  much  of  the  content  they  provide  to  users;   rather  it  is  subscribed  to  from  a  variety  of  vendors.  Not  only  does  that  mean  that  vendors  will  have   to  make  their  data  available  in  linked  data  formats  for  improvements  to  federated  search  to   happen,  but  a  mix  of  licensed  and  free  content  in  a  linked  data  environment  would  be  extremely     INFORMATION  TECHNOLOGY  AND  LIBRARIES  |  DECEMBER  2014   18   difficult  to  manage.
     • keywords: data; libraries; library; web
     • versions: original; plain text
631. ital-5638
     • author: Zak, Elizabeth
     • title: Do You Believe in Magic? Exploring the Conceptualization of Augmented Reality and its Implications for the User in the Field of Library and Information Science
     • date: 2014-12-18
     • words: 12672
     • flesch: 31
     • summary: INFORMATION  TECHNOLOGY  AND  LIBRARIES  |  DECEMBER  2014   41   Furthermore,  by  identifying  best  practices,  practitioners  can  begin  to  pinpoint  what  applications   of  AR  are  successful  within  an  institution  and  for  users,  and  why  those  applications  are  successful   for  specific  purposes.   Exploring  the  Conceptualization  of   Augmented  Reality  and  its  Implications   for  the  User  in  the  Field  of  Library  and   Information  Science       Elizabeth  Zak     INFORMATION  TECHNOLOGY  AND  LIBRARIES  |  DECEMBER  2014           23   ABSTRACT   Augmented  reality  (AR)  technology  has  implications  for  the  ways  that  the  field  of  library  and   information  science  (LIS)  serves  users  and  organizes  information.
     • keywords: digital; information; lis; new; reality; technology; user
     • versions: original; plain text
632. ital-5650
     • author: Liu, Yan Quan; Briggs, Sarah
     • title: A Library in the Palm of Your Hand: Mobile Services in Top 100 University Libraries
     • date: 2015-06-15
     • words: 6233
     • flesch: 39
     • summary: 100% of libraries with mobile sites include library hours on their site, making this the most common feature. INFORMATION  TECHNOLOGIES  AND  LIBRARIES  |  JUNE  2015   141     Mobile  Services   Percentage  of   libraries  offering   service  (Website   Visits)   Percentage  of   libraries  offering   service  (Survey)   E-­‐books   100%   85.29%   Mobile  databases   92.90%   70.59%   Mobile  OPAC   87.80%   88.24%   Mobile  website   80.80%   82.35%   Text  messaging   80.80%   73.53%   QR  codes   61.60%   55.88%   Mobile  app  for  site   20.20%   38.24%   Augmented  reality   7.00%   2.94%   Table  2.  Data  Comparison  of  Specific  Mobile  Services  between  Website  Visits  &  Survey.  
     • keywords: libraries; library; mobile; services
     • versions: original; plain text
633. ital-5664
     • author: Tharani, Karim
     • title: Linked Data in Libraries: A Case Study of Harvesting and Sharing Bibliographic Metadata with BIBFRAME
     • date: 2015-03-30
     • words: 5760
     • flesch: 40
     • summary: What  if  we  could  set   free  the  bound  elements?  That  is,  what  if  we  could  let  serial  titles,  subjects,  creators,   dates,  places,  and  other  elements,  interact  independently  with  data  on  the  Web  to  which   they  are  related?  What  might  be  the  possibilities  of  a  statement-­‐based,  Linked  Data   environment?  5       LINKED  DATA  IN  LIBRARIES:  A  CASE  STUDY  OF  HARVESTING  AND  SHARING  BIBLIOGRAPHIC  METADATA     WITH  BIBFRAME  |  THARANI       7     Figure  1.   In  1994  Tim  Berners-­‐Lee,  the  inventor  of  the  web,  put  forth  his  vision  of  the  Semantic  Web  as  a   “Web  of  actionable  information—information  derived  from  data  through  a  Semantic  theory  for     INFORMATION  TECHNOLOGY  AND  LIBRARIES  |  MARCH  2015   8   interpreting  the  symbols.
     • keywords: data; libraries; metadata; web
     • versions: original; plain text
634. ital-5666
     • author: Vacek, Rachel
     • title: President’s Message: UX Thinking and the LITA Member Experience
     • date: 2014-09-25
     • words: 1769
     • flesch: 52
     • summary: Luckily, there were multiple times when I felt embraced by LITA members, such as participating in BIGWIG’s Social Media Showcase, teaching pre-conferences, hanging out at the Happy Hours, and attending the Forums. My mind has been occupied lately with user experience (UX) thinking in both the web world and in the physical world around me.
     • keywords: experience; lita
     • versions: original; plain text
635. ital-5699
     • author: Holstein, Ann L
     • title: Geographic Information and Technologies in Academic Research Libraries: An ARL Survey of Services and Support
     • date: 2015-03-30
     • words: 5028
     • flesch: 31
     • summary: Location   %  of  Libraries  (1997)   %  of  Libraries  (2014)   Map  Department/Services   43   36   Government  Documents   39   4   Reference   10   13   Geospatial  Data  Center,  GIS,  or  Data  Services   3   19   Not  in  any  one  location   -­‐   9   Digital  Scholarship  Center   -­‐   6   Combined  Area  (i.e.,  Map  Dept.  &  Gov.  Docs.)   In  1997,  84%  of  GIS  librarians  and  specialists  at  ARL  libraries  had  an  MLS  degree.13  At   that  time,  the  incumbent  was  most  often  recruited  from  within  the  library  to  assume  this  new  role,     INFORMATION  TECHNOLOGY  AND  LIBRARIES  |  MARCH  2015   42   whereas  today’s  GIS  professionals  are  just  as  likely  to  come  from  nonlibrary  backgrounds,   bringing  their  expertise  and  advanced  geographic  training  to  this  nontraditional  librarian  role.    
     • keywords: geographic; gis; libraries; library
     • versions: original; plain text
636. ital-5702
     • author: Owen, Will; Michalak, Sarah C.
     • title: Engine Of Innovation: Building the High Performance Catalog
     • date: 2015-06-15
     • words: 6749
     • flesch: 36
     • summary: The  use  of  faceted  browsing  allowed  users  to  parse  the  bibliographic  record  in  new  ways   (and  more  ways)  than  had  preceding  catalogs.   We   have  similarly  enhanced  services  related  to  the  discovery  and  delivery  of  items  listed  in  the   bibliographic  database,  including  not  only  common  features  like  the  ability  to  export  citations  in  a   variety  of  formats  but  also  more  extensive  services  such  as  document  delivery,  an  auto-­‐suggest   feature  that  maximizes  use  of  Library  of  Congress  Subject  Headings  (LCSH),  and  the  ability  to   submit  cataloged  items  to  be  processed  for  reserve  reading.     INFORMATION  TECHNOLOGY  AND  LIBRARIES  |  JUNE  2015     7   Both  students  and  faculty  have  embraced  e-­‐books,  and  in  adding  more  than  a  million  such  titles  to   the  UNC-­‐Chapel  Hill  catalog  we  continue  to  blend  discovery  and  delivery,  but  now  on  a  very  large   scale.
     • keywords: catalog; information; libraries; library; search
     • versions: original; plain text
637. ital-5704
     • author: Zhou, Yongli
     • title: Fulfill Your Digital Preservation Goals with a Budget Studio
     • date: 2016-04-01
     • words: 5868
     • flesch: 53
     • summary: This paper compares images delivered by a high-end overhead scanner and a consumer-level DSLR camera, discusses pros and cons of using each method, demonstrates how to set up a cost-efficient shooting studio, and presents a budget estimate for a studio. In this paper, I will compare images produced by a scanner and a camera side-by-side, list pros and cons of using each method, illustrate how to establish a shooting studio, and present a budget estimate for that studio.
     • keywords: camera; dslr; figure; image; overhead; scanner; studio
     • versions: original; plain text
638. ital-5720
     • author: Aagaard, James S.
     • title: An Interactive Computer-Based Circulation System: Design and Development
     • date: 1972-03-01
     • words: 4037
     • flesch: 61
     • summary: The keyboard on this terminal allows the staff to perform additional functions , such as charging books to users without badges, charging for periods other than the standard loan period, processing renewals, and discharging books which have been returned. This device can accept the same plastic user badge and book card as the 1030 terminal, and transfers the punched information to a two-part form.
     • keywords: book; circulation; file; system
     • versions: original; plain text
639. ital-5721
     • author: Goldwyn, A. J.
     • title: Foreward
     • date: 1972-03-01
     • words: 271
     • flesch: 46
     • summary: The mere availability of equipment, of programs and tested system design, even of skilled and experienced manpower can no longer be considered enough. Increasingly, in the issues of this Journal, we hope that emphasis will be placed on reviews of experience, retro- spective evaluations of operation rather than optimistic projections made in the first bright mornings of system design.
     • keywords: library
     • versions: original; plain text
640. ital-5722
     • author: Hazelton, Robert S.
     • title: Cataloging Geometry
     • date: 1972-03-01
     • words: 2004
     • flesch: 61
     • summary: Both the best and the worst of this view are exhibited as it is pushed to the extreme: The failure of our present systems of book classification in no way condemns the act of classification as a fundamental bibliographic technique. Book classification, as we have used it in the past, has failed for two reasons: one, because it has been based upon the book as a physical entity without taking into consideration the inherent character of the book as a composite intellectual product; two, because of limitations arising from the properties of our hierarchical systems of classification.
     • keywords: book; classification; library
     • versions: original; plain text
641. ital-5723
     • author: Long, Philip L.; Kilgour, Frederick
     • title: A Truncated Search Key Title Index
     • date: 1972-03-01
     • words: 1280
     • flesch: 68
     • summary: A previous paper has shown that truncated three-letter search keys derived from the first two words of a title are less specific than author- title keys ( 1). The maximum number of identical keys was 321 for 3,1,1,1,1 and 3,1,1,1; the key was PRO, b, b, b, b, most of which was d erived from Proceedings.
     • keywords: key; title
     • versions: original; plain text
642. ital-5724
     • author: Van Dyke, Vern J.; Ayer, L.
     • title: Multipurpose Cataloging and Indexing System (CAIN) at the National Agricultural Library
     • date: 1972-03-01
     • words: 3947
     • flesch: 60
     • summary: Elements for which the system supplies authority files are not only verified against the file but also additional transactions are generated from the authority file to assure uniformity in output. This subsystem updates, generates, expands, and maintains three types of authority files.
     • keywords: cain; data; file; records; system
     • versions: original; plain text
643. ital-5725
     • author: Buckland, Michael K.; Gallivan, Bernard
     • title: Circulation Control: Off-line, On-line, of Hybrid
     • date: 1972-03-01
     • words: 3133
     • flesch: 63
     • summary: The duration of the on-line connection might be ten to fifteen minutes owing to line speed limitations. On-line systems are then reviewed and their economic viability queried.
     • keywords: computer; library; line; system
     • versions: original; plain text
644. ital-5726
     • author: Buhr, Lorne R.
     • title: Selective Dissemination of MARC: A User Evaluation
     • date: 1972-03-01
     • words: 4480
     • flesch: 64
     • summary: One of the chief drawbacks for which SDI services are often cited is the absence of evaluative commentary or abstract material to accompany the citations. If current sub- scription costs for SDI services such as those offered by Can/SDI of the National Science Library, Ottawa can be maintained, and early indications are that they can, a cost of $100 per profile per year may be feasible bring- ing the annual expenditure for 100 users to $10,000.
     • keywords: marc; sdi; seldom; service
     • versions: original; plain text
645. ital-5727
     • author: Roth, Dana L.
     • title: Scientific Serial Lists
     • date: 1972-03-01
     • words: 2360
     • flesch: 58
     • summary: The publication of a serials list oriented to the needs of scientists must then provide for: scientific title entries for corporate and society publica- 54 Journal of Library Automation Vol. The use of prepositions and conjunctions as filing elements constrains these scientists to being able to translate these abbreviations only into title entries where the omitted words are obvious, e.g., Journal of the American Chemical Society but often causes problems with titles like Journal of the Less- Common Metals.
     • keywords: library; list; serials; title
     • versions: original; plain text
646. ital-5728
     • author: Lehnus, Donald J.; Allan, Ann
     • title: Book Reviews
     • date: 1972-03-01
     • words: 1148
     • flesch: 52
     • summary: Even though centralized book processing might hold little appeal for the reader, this volume nonetheless is valuable to technical service heads because of its above average sophistication in applying a systems analysis approach to technical services problems. By the time the experiment began most participants had a large portion of their book money encumbered, and the center was forced to accept cata- loging arrearages in addition to book order requests.
     • keywords: book; cataloging
     • versions: original; plain text
647. ital-5730
     • author: Martin, Susan K.
     • title: From the Editor
     • date: 1972-06-01
     • words: 231
     • flesch: 59
     • summary: During the intervening period, I will appreciate greatly the support of ISAD members, JOLA readers, authors, and the ALA staff. I wish to express gratitude to Don S. Culbertson, at that time Executive Secretary of both the Information Science and Automation Division and the American Library Trustees Association, for adding yet another hat while he prepared a substantial portion of this June 1972 issue of JOLA.
     • keywords: jola
     • versions: original; plain text
648. ital-5731
     • author: Kountz, John C.
     • title: BIBLIOS Revisited
     • date: 1972-06-01
     • words: 7717
     • flesch: 78
     • summary: PAGE 341 R s N8R lC/OC NBR • 67~17872 ••••••••• • 61016665 ••••••••• • 7&077366 ••••••••• • 64015641 ••••••••• • 63025374 ••••••••• • 66023116 ••••••••• • 66012019 ••••••••• • 58005566 ••••••••• • 6&022206 ••••••••• 60C01380••••••••• • 62008215 ••••••••• • 2900080~A •••••••• • 8B091802 ••••••••• • 68C25594••••••••• • 62015934 ••••••••• • 53006862 ••••••••• • 60007465 ••••••••• • 3&003909 ••••••••• • 61019409 ••••••••• • 60013658 ••••••••• • 64012696 ••••••••• • 57011288 ••••••••• • 64019529 ••••••••• • 67026079 ••••••••• • 66019433 ••••••••• • 61010232 ••••••••• • 63021480 ••••••••• • 63016506 ••••••••• • 45035124 •••••• 061 • 45035124 •••••• 063 • 45035124 •••••• 064 • 45035124 •••••• 066 • 45035124 •••••• 070 • 65021807 ••••••••• • 49008127 ••••••••• • 68031281 ••••••••• • 5&003667 ••••••••• • 88C40004 ••••••••• • 66025876 ••••••••• • 88090177 ••••••••• • 62011346 ••••••••• • 63014720 •••••• • •• • 67011223 ••••••••• • 66C14357 ••••••••• • AA010179 ••••••••• • 60012110 •••••••• • • 64020856 ••••••••• • 61013913 ••••••••• • 62022305 • • ••••••• • 65022618 ••••••••• • 62005250 ••••••••• • 6201&326 ••••••••• • 64019933 ••••••••• • 2 63016799 ••••••••• 80 Journal of Library Automation Vol.
     • keywords: bibliographic; biblios; book; catalog; cost; library; number; order; system; title
     • versions: original; plain text
649. ital-5733
     • author: Guthrie, Gerry D.; Slifko, Steven D.
     • title: Analysis of Search Key Retrieval on a Large Bibliographic File
     • date: 1972-06-01
     • words: 1635
     • flesch: 64
     • summary: INTRODUCTION Systems planners are hard pressed to accurately predict the access charac- teristics of search keys on large on-line bibliographic files when so little is known about user requests. The search key file is in sequence by search key.
     • keywords: key; search
     • versions: original; plain text
650. ital-5734
     • author: Veneziano, Velma
     • title: An Interactive Computer-Based Circulation System for Northwestern University: The Library Puts It to Work
     • date: 1972-06-01
     • words: 7241
     • flesch: 74
     • summary: Accurately punched book cards, available in all books, can make the difference between success and failure of a circulation system. Since the terminal will not accept badges or book cards unless they are inserted in the proper direction, the user soon gets the idea.
     • keywords: book; card; circulation; number; system; user
     • versions: original; plain text
651. ital-5735
     • author: Carter, Ruth C.
     • title: Automation of Acquisitions at Parkland College
     • date: 1972-06-01
     • words: 7150
     • flesch: 61
     • summary: At this point, as well as previously, the literature was searched for relevant discussions of acquisitions systems and/or mechanization applications in small libraries. In fact, one of the disk drives was reserved strictly for systems programs, and could not be utilized directly by the library.
     • keywords: acquisitions; automation; computer; data; library; parkland; system; time
     • versions: original; plain text
652. ital-5736
     • author: Hammer, Donald P.
     • title: HELP: The Automated Binding Records Control System
     • date: 1972-06-01
     • words: 2313
     • flesch: 82
     • summary: In addition, the system provides an up-to-date pattern record for the libraries' files, and the bindery maintains the resultant data bank of pattern records as the library notifies it of additions, changes, and deletions. The Automated Binding Records Control System An interesting new aspect of library automation has been the appearance of commercial ventures established to provide for an effective use of the new ideas and techniques of automation and related fields.
     • keywords: binding; library
     • versions: original; plain text
653. ital-5737
     • author: Line, Maurice B.; Harris, Howard S.; Hammer, Donald P.; Washington, Lillian H.; Hopkins, Judith
     • title: Book Reviews
     • date: 1972-06-01
     • words: 4714
     • flesch: 56
     • summary: One addressed the need for MARC formats and the user requirements for such formats, keeping in mind the need for bi-lingual content in the perspective of an international MARC as to data for author, title, collation and notes, geographic names, and subject. Initiate a pilot project with other libraries to test the proposed Canadian serials format prior to full implementation.
     • keywords: automation; canadian; data; format; library; marc; serials
     • versions: original; plain text
654. ital-5738
     • author: Kilgour, Frederick G.; Long, Philip L.; Landgraf, Alan L.; Wyckoff, John A.
     • title: The Shared Cataloging System of the Ohio College Library Center
     • date: 1972-09-01
     • words: 11668
     • flesch: 63
     • summary: For each title for which catalog cards were needed, members transcribed Library of Congress ( LC) card numbers onto a request card. Design of catalog cards and format options began four months before off-line activities.
     • keywords: bibliographic; card; catalog; catalog card; cataloging; file; library; line; number; oclc; record; system
     • versions: original; plain text
655. ital-5739
     • author: McGee, Rob
     • title: Two Types of Designs for On-Line Circulation Systems
     • date: 1972-09-01
     • words: 8523
     • flesch: 56
     • summary: Item systems are characterized by three or four major files: 1) a user file; 2) an item file of bibliographic records for all library volumes or titles, or for as many as machine records can feasibly be created and stored; 3) a transaction file that may be used for update of the item file, data collection and analysis, and perhaps notice generation; and optionally 4) an absence file of records for circulating items, if transaction data for them are more efficiently kept here than in the item file. Item systems are in operation at Bell Laboratories library ( 18,19 ), Eastern Illinois University library ( 20), Ohio State University libraries ( 21,22 ), and the Technical Library of the Manned Spacecraft Center, Houston ( 23).
     • keywords: absence; circulation; data; file; item; library; line; records; system
     • versions: original; plain text
656. ital-5740
     • author: Saracevic, Tefko; Bierman, Kenneth J.
     • title: Book Reviews
     • date: 1972-09-01
     • words: 927
     • flesch: 58
     • summary: I personally like Proceedings that have many papers under category c); such papers make me think ( or laugh ). Let's face it: there is something about any Proceedings that elicits a very personal reaction in many of us: Here are papers that either, a) got their authors a trip to the conference city; b ) tell how we did good at our place; or c) unabashedly present H.B.I.'s- ( half baked ideas ).
     • keywords: information; papers
     • versions: original; plain text
657. ital-5741
     • author: Avram, Henriette D.; Guiles, Kay D.
     • title: Content Designators for Machine-Readable Records: A Working Paper
     • date: 1972-12-01
     • words: 4506
     • flesch: 50
     • summary: Data element identifiers in some cases are tag dependent, i.e., they identify the same data elements consistently when used with a par- ticular tag and data field, regardless of the combination of data elements present in the data field for any particular record. In other cases, the data element identifiers are tag, indicator, and data dependent, i.e. , the meaning of the data element identifiers changes and the data element identifiers are assigned to different data elements, depending upon the combination of data elements occurring in a data field for a particular record.
     • keywords: bibliographic; content; data; element
     • versions: original; plain text
658. ital-5742
     • author: McGrath, William E.; Simon, Donald
     • title: Regional Numerical Union Catalog on Computer Output Microfiche
     • date: 1972-12-01
     • words: 4248
     • flesch: 67
     • summary: The total of A and Z's common holdings that were also held by other libraries is 1,315, or about 10.5 percent of 12,470. The administrators of each library are especially interested to know how many of their own titles are also held by other libraries.
     • keywords: libraries; library; number
     • versions: original; plain text
659. ital-5743
     • author: Grosch, Audrey N.
     • title: Computer-Based Subject Authority Files at the University of Minnesota Libraries
     • date: 1972-12-01
     • words: 6410
     • flesch: 80
     • summary: If tJ~ • • l i, W) 0 1·•··.r:r , cr -.. ~ ... ,(' .. ~ C:H<' t r r l'tfi(Trt ~o~r <; :· '' f ~ ; ~,;~.K1 ~~~~ ~~ i (: t.,t · r r,.
     • keywords: data; file; subject; system
     • versions: original; plain text
660. ital-5744
     • author: Brodman, Estelle
     • title: Book Reviews
     • date: 1972-12-01
     • words: 740
     • flesch: 52
     • summary: The assumptions on which the conference was based were the traditional ones of librarians and information scientists-that access to information should be the right of anyone without regard to geographical or economic position, and that pooling of resources (here by networking operations) is one of the best ways to reach that goal. Since it is deemed desirable to give the widest chance for all individuals to use these networks, it was recommended that fee-for- service prices should be kept low through subventions of the telecommuni- cations costs by libraries and information centers.
     • keywords: information
     • versions: original; plain text
661. ital-5745
     • author: Deodato, Joseph
     • title: Evaluating Web-Scale Discovery Services: A Step-by-Step Guide
     • date: 2015-06-15
     • words: 18874
     • flesch: 31
     • summary: 3 Create an evaluation rubric Create a comprehensive, prioritized list of product requirements rooted in staff and user needs. As  products  emerge  from   their  initial  release  and  more  information  about  them  becomes  available,  the  library  community   has  gained  a  better  understanding  of  how  web-­‐scale  discovery  services  work  and  their  particular   strengths  and  weaknesses.
     • keywords: discovery; evaluation; library; product; search; team; users; web-­‐scale
     • versions: original; plain text
662. ital-5759
     • author: Malinconico, S. Michael; Rizzolo, James A.
     • title: The New York Public Library Automated Book Catalog Subsystem
     • date: 1973-03-01
     • words: 15903
     • flesch: 68
     • summary: We have found that punctuation of added entries is effected correctly in 98 percent of catalog entries. TE heading records are formatted by a single module invoked by this step and again in P5.
     • keywords: authority; bibliographic; book; book catalog; catalog; cross; cumulation; data; entry; file; heading; library; new; program; record; reference; system; york
     • versions: original; plain text
663. ital-5760
     • author: Dimsdale, J. J.
     • title: File Structure for an On-Line Catalog of One Million Titles
     • date: 1973-03-01
     • words: 8535
     • flesch: 72
     • summary: There would be a separate hashing function, hash table file, dictionary file, and compressed inverted file for use with each different type of key. If there has previously occurred a bit string B(K1), I(K1), Mr(K1) in which B(L) = B(K), I(K1) = I(K), Mr(K1) # M(K) then no change is File Structure for an On-Line Catalog/DIM5DALE 41 B(K), I(K), M(K) HASH TABLE FILE: COUNTER SECTION: COUNTER SECTION NUMBER NUMBER NUMBER OCCUPIED OVERFLOWS FROM OVERFLOWS INTO Fig.
     • keywords: bucket; catalog; entry; file; hash; index
     • versions: original; plain text
664. ital-5761
     • author: Shoffner, Ralph
     • title: Information Science and Automation Division Board of Directors
     • date: 1973-03-01
     • words: 3219
     • flesch: 56
     • summary: Ron- ald Miller~ chairman, enumerated the following points of the committee's meeting: that ( 1) a long range plan for seminar programs be written to cover the period from July 1974 through June 1978; (2) part of the money from the institutes be budgeted to support a professional staff person at ALA Headquarters to handle the burden of the work; ( 3) policy be es- tablished concerning commercial groups using ISAD programs for a market- ing channel, particularly products of use to libraries; ( 4) institutes or semi- nars be regionalized in the U.S. and Canada; and ( 5) liaison efforts be utilized (a) within the network of ALA, (b) through subcontractors, and (c) through continuing education programs of library schools or other institutes of higher education. Also, she ltad attempted for a year and a half to assemble an information packet at ALA Headquarters, but did not know the status of the project.
     • keywords: chairman; committee; library
     • versions: original; plain text
665. ital-5762
     • author: Martin, Susan K.
     • title: Technical Communications
     • date: 1973-03-01
     • words: 2778
     • flesch: 54
     • summary: Other application systems, such as acquisitions and serials already are computer supported and therefore have existing machine-readable data files. The premise of the development is that an integrated acquisi- tions, accounting, in-process control sys- tem for all library materials coupled with an on-line catalog/ circulation control sys- tem can be operationally affordable by a library or system of libraries in the 200,000 volume class using its own com- puter system.
     • keywords: library; pacific; system; technical; university
     • versions: original; plain text
666. ital-5763
     • author: Bierman, Kenneth J.; Atherton, Pauline; Payne, Charles T.; Crawford, Walt; Martin, David S.
     • title: Book Reviews
     • date: 1973-03-01
     • words: 2052
     • flesch: 56
     • summary: For librarians, a major rele- vance of this volume will be the varied approaches to cost-effectiveness analysis of instruction in relation to learning ma- terials, since in this task, librarian and in- structor must work hand in hand. 6/ 1 March 1973 cellent, and this portion is valuable in showing the virtues and defects of various approaches to key word indexing.
     • keywords: indexing; library; system; word
     • versions: original; plain text
667. ital-5764
     • author: Burgess, Thomas K.
     • title: A Cost Effectiveness Model for Comparing Various Circulation Systems
     • date: 1973-06-01
     • words: 4489
     • flesch: 65
     • summary: Library circulation systems, however, may fit this type of model with relative ease. 6/2 June 1973 effectiveness comparison with a similar manual operation can provide infor- mation on effectiveness of automated circulation systems in general as well as on the WSU implementation.
     • keywords: activities; circulation; hours; time; total
     • versions: original; plain text
668. ital-5765
     • author: Sanderson, M.
     • title: On-Line and Back at S.F.U.
     • date: 1973-06-01
     • words: 5084
     • flesch: 66
     • summary: A first question should be: '\Vhat are we really trying to acl1ieve here? rather than: I wonder if we could apply system x in this situation? Present system (Phase I ) converted to Minerva with new file organization, etc. interface to batch system.
     • keywords: file; library; line; loan; phase; system
     • versions: original; plain text
669. ital-5766
     • author: Landgraf, Alan L.; Kilgour, Frederick G.
     • title: Catalog Records Retrieved by Personal Author Using Derived Search Keys
     • date: 1973-06-01
     • words: 1759
     • flesch: 71
     • summary: This program counted the number of distinct keys, built a fre- quency distribution of names per distinct key and cumulative frequency distributions of names per distinct key in percentile groups. This investigation shows that search keys derived from personal author names possess a sufficient degree of distinctness to be employed in an effi~ cient computerized interactive index to a file of MARC II catalog records having 167,7 45 personal author entries.
     • keywords: key; keys
     • versions: original; plain text
670. ital-5767
     • author: Bookstein, Abraham
     • title: Statistical Behavior of Search Keys
     • date: 1973-06-01
     • words: 3411
     • flesch: 66
     • summary: This model similarly assumes that among any sizeable number of requests, the fraction of the time any particular search key value will occur is fixed; thus, for any subset of search key values, it is possible to determine how often members of that subset will occur among a set of requests. For a particular collection, letS denote the set of search key values Statistical Behavior of Search Keysj BOOKSTEIN 111 for which, say, twenty or more items are retrieved.
     • keywords: search
     • versions: original; plain text
671. ital-5768
     • author: Bosseau, Don L.
     • title: Technical Communications
     • date: 1973-06-01
     • words: 3268
     • flesch: 50
     • summary: The U.S. group, D. Burchinal said, was particularly struck by the importance at- tached to information services by the highest levels of scientific and technolog- ical management in the U.S.S.R. and in the constituent republics. State University of New York is the first major multicampus system to intro- duce such a reciprocal program on so wide a scale, although the library system of the State University of Illinois has a similar policy, limited to faculty and grad- uate students.
     • keywords: information; library; state; system; technical; university
     • versions: original; plain text
672. ital-5769
     • author: Namenwirth, S. Micha; Husbands, Charles W.
     • title: Book Reviews
     • date: 1973-06-01
     • words: 649
     • flesch: 61
     • summary: IBM's Data Pro-·' cessing Glossary and the American Na- tional Standard Vocabulary for Information Processing appear to have been important sources of information processing terms. S. Micha Namenwirth University of California, Berkeley DictionanJ of Library Science, Information and Documentation in Six Languages.
     • keywords: library
     • versions: original; plain text
673. ital-5770
     • author: Ellern, Gillian (Jill) D; Hitch, Robin; Stoffan, Mark A
     • title: User Authentication in the Public Areas of Academic Libraries in North Carolina
     • date: 2015-06-15
     • words: 10231
     • flesch: 34
     • summary: Microsoft Word - June_ITAL_Ellern_final.docx User  Authentication  in  the  Public     Area  of  Academic  Libraries  in     North  Carolina   Gillian  (Jill)  D.  Ellern,     Robin  Hitch,  and   Mark  A.  Stoffan       INFORMATION  TECHNOLOGY  AND  LIBRARIES  |  JUNE  2015     103         ABSTRACT   The  clash  of  principles  between  protecting  privacy  and  protecting  security  can  create  an  impasse   between  libraries,  campus  IT  departments,  and  academic  administration  over  authentication  issues   with  the  public  area  PCs  in  the  library.   He   confirmed  that  other  librarians  also  have  ambivalent  feelings  about  authentication  issues  but  that   there  was  also  growing  understanding  in  libraries  about  the  potential  vulnerability  of  networks  or   misuse  of  their  resources.2     It  seemed  that  the  speed  at  which  authenticating  computers  in  the  public  areas  of  libraries  was   happening  across  the  country  had  not  really  allowed  the  literature  on  the  subject  to  quite  catch  up.     INFORMATION  TECHNOLOGY  AND  LIBRARIES  |  JUNE  2015     105           Those  studies  that  existed  such  as  SPEC  Kits  seem  to  address  the  issue  from  the  perspective  of   larger  research  libraries  or  else  did  not  systematically  assess  other  specific  groups  of  libraries.3,4     There  were  questions  in  our  minds  about  whether  the  current  research  that  was  found  would   describe  the  trends  and  unique  situations  of  libraries  located  in  rural  areas  or  in  other  types  of   academic  libraries.
     • keywords: access; authentication; libraries; library; public
     • versions: original; plain text
674. ital-5772
     • author: Shoffner, Ralph M.
     • title: ISAD Ad Hoc Committee Reports
     • date: 1973-09-01
     • words: 8074
     • flesch: 43
     • summary: the establishment of a journal which would pull together articles on library automation, which at that time were appearing in many different places; 2. provision of a clearinghouse for information on library automation proj- ects; 3. creation of a bank of computer programs and related documentation for use by other libraries planning similar applications; 4. evaluation of library automation equipment and applications; 5. tutorial seminars, preconference meetings and other educational programs. Before this date, there was no mem- bership unit within ALA with the sole responsibility for library automation, so there was no effective way for librarians involved with automation to communi- cate, or to learn from each other's experiences.
     • keywords: automation; committee; division; information; institute; isad; libraries; library; library automation
     • versions: original; plain text
675. ital-5773
     • author: Board of Directors, ISAD
     • title: Highlights of Minutes
     • date: 1973-09-01
     • words: 5006
     • flesch: 60
     • summary: Mrs. Martin said that at the Mon- day ISAD Board meeting she had talked of retaining ]OLA TC as a sep- arate publication, but the final feeling of the Editorial Board was negative. Chairman Stephen Salmon summarized the discussion by the Objectives Committee of the three issues raised at the first session of the ISAD Board meeting regarding the Infor- mation Technology Discussion Group: ( 1) How such a group should fit into the organizational structure of ISAD.
     • keywords: board; committee; group; isad
     • versions: original; plain text
676. ital-5774
     • author: Landgraf, Alan L.; Rastogi, Kunj B.; Long, Philip L.
     • title: Corporate Author Entry Records Retrieved by Use of Derived Truncated Search Keys
     • date: 1973-09-01
     • words: 2050
     • flesch: 67
     • summary: Obviously a Corporate Author Entry RecordsjLANDGRAF, et al. 157 type of search key different from that which proved efficient for retrieving personal authors is required for retrieval of corporate entries. To study a given type of key, the file was sorted on a specified number of initial characters of each segment; these initial characters were then employed as search keys by a program which sequentially compared the characters in the key, counting distinct and identical keys.
     • keywords: entries; number
     • versions: original; plain text
677. ital-5775
     • author: Roberts, Justine
     • title: Grant Project Information via a Shared Data Base
     • date: 1973-09-01
     • words: 2221
     • flesch: 71
     • summary: Previous investigation by the library had revealed the fiscal infeasibility of extracting citations of publications on campus research projects from a commercially available data base. man-weeks of library staff time and less than a week's time of computer center staff.
     • keywords: campus; index; library; project
     • versions: original; plain text
678. ital-5776
     • author: Grosch, Audrey N.
     • title: The Minnesota Union List of Serials
     • date: 1973-09-01
     • words: 7837
     • flesch: 68
     • summary: With this picture of the program scope, the design factors, data conversion, computer system, programs, photocomposition, costs, and problems will be described below. 6/3 September 1973 • publication of regional combination or individual library lists using an IBM 1403 line printer equipped with the ALA graphic print train; • storage of complete and verified information on each serial as known, together with the source of the cataloging data; • extraction of the data via individual libraries to assist those wishing to develop automated serials management systems including check· in, claiming, binding, etc.; • conversion of the file to other storage media such as disk; • fulfillment of the smallest to the largest libraries' needs for biblio· .
     • keywords: data; format; library; list; marc; minnesota; muls; serials; system; tape
     • versions: original; plain text
679. ital-5777
     • author: Crawford, Walt; Roberts, Justine; Taylor, Desmond; Kilgour, Frederick G.
     • title: Technical Communications
     • date: 1973-09-01
     • words: 2756
     • flesch: 71
     • summary: This circu- lation system is the first of its type in the country and permits library users to place telephone calls to learn titles and authors and to charge out books. The only other payment a library makes is 3.4¢ per catalog card.
     • keywords: key; library; system; university
     • versions: original; plain text
680. ital-5778
     • author: Pulsifer, Josephine S.
     • title: Comparison of MARC Serials, NSDP, and ISBD-S
     • date: 1973-12-01
     • words: 3018
     • flesch: 57
     • summary: no To: List of doctoral dissertations in history in progress ... (d) SR makes new record when main entry changes, or when new title merits entry under title main entry. These practices do not necessarily correspond with NSDP's practice, based on ISDS guidelines, in assigning new key titles.
     • keywords: new; nsdp; serials; title; yes
     • versions: original; plain text
681. ital-5779
     • author: Grosch, Audrey N.
     • title: A Regional Serials Program Under National Serials Data Program Auspices: Discussion Paper Prepared for Ad Hoc Serials Discussion Group
     • date: 1973-12-01
     • words: 2134
     • flesch: 56
     • summary: Create and maintain regional center serials data base reflecting holdings of libraries in the region. Notify regional center of new titles, changes, corrections to maintain regional data base.
     • keywords: data; regional; serials
     • versions: original; plain text
682. ital-5782
     • author: De Gennaro, Richard
     • title: Providing Bibliographic Services From Machine-Readable Data Bases--The Library's Role
     • date: 1973-12-01
     • words: 3541
     • flesch: 53
     • summary: While it is clearly outside the scope of this paper to review the state-of- the-art of data base services, reference to a few key works and a brief in- troduction to the subject may be helpful. Interest among librarians in data base services is running high.
     • keywords: bases; centers; data; library; services
     • versions: original; plain text
683. ital-5783
     • author: Anable, Richard
     • title: The Ad Hoc Discussion Group on Serials Data Bases: Its History, Current Position, and Future
     • date: 1973-12-01
     • words: 3196
     • flesch: 56
     • summary: There are no conclusive studies in the area of serials conversions which suggest that the total record conversion approach would be less expensive in the long run tha11 a base record conversion approach. The improvement of communications among institutions engaged in the generation or maintenance of serials data bases.
     • keywords: conversion; data; library; serials
     • versions: original; plain text
684. ital-5784
     • author: Torkington, Roy B.
     • title: Cumulating the Supplements to the Seventh Edition of LC Subject Headings
     • date: 1973-12-01
     • words: 3942
     • flesch: 61
     • summary: (Examples are only representations of MARC records. SUPMRG, as a result, does not require modules for rebuilding and modi- fying MARC records.
     • keywords: cumulation; headings; library; record; supplement
     • versions: original; plain text
685. ital-5785
     • author: Gibson, Liz
     • title: BIBCON--A General Purpose Software System for MARC-Based Book Catalog Production
     • date: 1973-12-01
     • words: 8057
     • flesch: 76
     • summary: Tagged Input Unnecessary: Because of the formatting and tagging abilities of the Automatic Field Recognition program, BIBCON can produce MARC records from input which has not been manually supplied with any of the MARC field tags. AFR-MARC II Records It is important to emphasize that the system produces MARC-like rec- ords rather than full MARC records.
     • keywords: california; data; field; input; library; marc; output; program; record; system; title
     • versions: original; plain text
686. ital-5786
     • author: Silberstein, Stephen
     • title: Technical Communications
     • date: 1973-12-01
     • words: 7027
     • flesch: 55
     • summary: More specifi- cally, the study will: • Characterize typical data base pub- lishing activities in terms of markets, products, sales strategies, methods of data base collection, distribution, etc.; • Identify the current and expected roles of private industry sectors, gov- ernment, and professional associa- tions; • Analyze existing and latent markets for data base publishing ventures and estimate market growth over the next five years; • Describe criteria for analyzing the economics of data base publishing services and pricing them; • Review hardware, software, and de- velopments likely to affect the indus- try in the next five years, including emergence of lower-cost switched data networks; • Describe the probable impacts of Technical Communications 267 public policy and regulatory devel- opments, including copyright legis- lation, patentability of software, and concern over protection of confiden- tiality of personal information, and • Characterize the reasons for past failures of certain data base publish- ing ventures and propose strategies for successful involvement. A file conversion is a messy, difficult and essentially unproductive task, no matter how well done, because it merely transforms existing data into an- other form and in so doing exposes, for all to see, the many ancient errors which we do not want to see.
     • keywords: automation; data; information; library; national; new; standards; systems; technical
     • versions: original; plain text
687. ital-5787
     • author: Hayes, Robert M.
     • title: Book Reviews
     • date: 1973-12-01
     • words: 680
     • flesch: 63
     • summary: On the other hand, the fact remains that these are important papers, ones with which students should be come familiar- and not simply for historical purposes, and that most instructors and classes should Bnd this a useful volume. The defined purpose of this collection is to serve students and instructors in in- troductory courses in information science, by making these key papers readily avail- able as assigned readings.
     • keywords: papers
     • versions: original; plain text
688. ital-5831
     • author: Turner, Benjamin; Fuchs, Caroline; Todman, Anthony
     • title: Static vs. Dynamic Tutorials: Applying Usability Principles to Evaluate Online Point-of-Need Instruction.
     • date: 2015-12-22
     • words: 7958
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: The library literature on online library tutorials might be divided into subcategories: early development of online instructional tutorials, library website usability testing, evaluation of online information-literacy instruction tutorials, best practices for the creation of library tutorials, and the best mediums for the creation of library tutorials. Most useful here is the “Best Practices for Creating and Managing Animated Tutorials” found in the article’s appendix.25 Best Mediums for the Creation of Library Tutorials Other authors have explored the need to accommodate different learning styles in library tutorials rather than relying too heavily on text to convey information.26 At the University of Leeds in the United Kingdom, an information literacy tutorial was planned and created to support online distance learners in the geography post- graduate program.
     • keywords: group; information; library; online; participants; task; tutorials; y y
     • versions: original; plain text
689. ital-5857
     • author: Vacek, Rachel
     • title: President's Message: Twitter Nodes to Networks: Thoughts on the #litaforum
     • date: 2014-12-18
     • words: 1874
     • flesch: 50
     • summary: The  love  of  data  is  not  uncommon  in  libraries,  and  neither  is  the  analysis  of  that  data.     With  libraries  having  more  tight  budgets,  it’s  extremely  important  that  we  continue  to  learn   virtually.
     • keywords: forum; image
     • versions: original; plain text
690. ital-5869
     • author: Dulock, Michael; Long, Holley
     • title: Digital Collections Are a Sprint, Not a Marathon: Adapting Scrum Project Management Techniques to Library Digital Initiatives
     • date: 2015-12-22
     • words: 5692
     • flesch: 46
     • summary: The team adopted the two-week duration typical of Scrum sprints for the pilot. The team has found the sprints and modified Scrum meetings to be highly useful and relatively easy to incorporate into their workflows.
     • keywords: collections; digital; project; scrum; sprint; team; work
     • versions: original; plain text
691. ital-5888
     • author: Bauder, Julia; Lange, Emma
     • title: Exploratory Subject Searching in Library Catalogs: Reclaiming the Vision
     • date: 2015-06-15
     • words: 4254
     • flesch: 37
     • summary: Results  are  depicted   as  a  two-­‐level  treemap,  which  gives  users  a  visual  representation  of  the  disciplinary  perspectives  (as   represented  by  the  main  classes  of  the  Library  of  congress  Classification)  and  topics  (as  represented   by  elements  of  the  Library  of  Congress  Subject  Headings)  included  in  the  results.   In  the  visualized  view,  results  are  depicted  as  a  two-­‐level  treemap,   which  gives  users  a  visual  representation  of  the  disciplinary  perspectives  (as  represented  by  the   main  classes  of  the  Library  of  Congress  Classification  [LCC])  and  topics  (as  represented  by   elements  of  the  Library  of  Congress  Subject  Headings  [LCSH])  included  in  the  results.
     • keywords: library; results; search
     • versions: original; plain text
692. ital-5889
     • author: Park, Jung-ran; Brenza, Andrew
     • title: Evaluation of Semi-Automatic Metadata Generation Tools: A Survey of the Current State of the Art
     • date: 2015-09-21
     • words: 7844
     • flesch: 24
     • summary: Even  though  there  are  promising  experimental  studies   that  exploit  various  methods  and  sources  for  semi-­‐automatic  metadata  generation,3  a  lack  of   studies  assessing  and  evaluating  the  range  of  tools  have  been  developed,  implemented,  or   improved.  To  address  such  needs,  this  study  aims  to  examine  the  current  landscape  of  semi-­‐ automatic  metadata  generation  tools  while  providing  an  evaluative  analysis  of  their  techniques,   features,  and  functions.   Because  of  the  quantity  of  information  resources  and  the  costly  and  time-­‐consuming  nature  of   manual  metadata  generation,2  it  is  increasingly  apparent  that  there  simply  are  not  enough   information  professionals  available  for  satisfying  the  metadata-­‐generation  needs  of  the  library   community.  Semi-­‐automatic  metadata  generation,  on  the  other  hand,  offers  the  promise  of  using   high  levels  of  computing  power  to  manage  large  amounts  of  information  resources.
     • keywords: generation; information; metadata; semi-­‐automatic; tools
     • versions: original; plain text
693. ital-5893
     • author: Maceli, Monica
     • title: What Technology Skills Do Developers Need? A Text Analysis of Job Listings in Library and Information Science (LIS) from Jobs.code4lib.org
     • date: 2015-09-21
     • words: 2793
     • flesch: 31
     • summary: In  pursuit  of  building  our  understanding  of  currently  sought  technology  competencies   in  developer-­‐oriented  positions  within  LIS,  this  paper  reports  the  results  of  a  text  analysis  of  a  large   collection  of  job  listings  culled  from  the  Code4lib  jobs  website.   The  website  incorporates  jobs  posted  to  the   Code4lib  discussion  list,  American  Library  Association,  Canadian  Library  Association,  Australian   Library  and  Information  Association,  HigherEd  Jobs,  Digital  Koans,  Idealist,  and  ArchivesGig.  This   broad  incoming  set  of  jobs  provides  a  wide  look  into  new  technology-­‐related  postings.    
     • keywords: job; technology; terms
     • versions: original; plain text
694. ital-5900
     • author: Betz, Sonya; Hall, Robyn
     • title: Self-Archiving with Ease in an Institutional Repository: Microinteractions and the User Experience
     • date: 2015-09-21
     • words: 6046
     • flesch: 34
     • summary: Meanwhile,  Bell  and  Sarr  recommend  integrating  value-­‐added   features  into  IR  websites  as  a  way  to  attract  faculty.12  Their  successful  strategy  for  reengineering  a   struggling  IR  at  the  University  of  Rochester  included  adding  tools  to  allow  users  to  edit  metadata   and  add  and  remove  files,  and  providing  portfolio  pages  where  faculty  could  list  their  works  in  the   IR,  link  to  works  available  elsewhere,  detail  their  research  interests,  and  upload  a  copy  of  their  CV.   We  can  assume  that  users  would  be  goal-­‐based  in  their  approach  to  the  IR;   faculty  would  be  visiting  the  site  with  the  specific  purpose  of  uploading  content  and  would  be   actively  looking  for  a  trigger  to  begin  an  interaction  that  would  allow  them  to  do  so.    
     • keywords: faculty; process; testing; user
     • versions: original; plain text
695. ital-5912
     • author: Dehmlow, Mark
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: A&I Databases--The Next Frontier to Discover
     • date: 2015-03-30
     • words: 1640
     • flesch: 39
     • summary: Regardless  of  the  number  of  searches   INFORMATION  TECHNOLOGY  AND  LIBRARIES  |  MARCH  2015     3   (which  doesn’t  really  tell  us  anything  anyway),  we  need  to  recognize  the  value  alone  of  including   the  A&I  content,  and  instead  of  trying  to  determine  the  value  of  the  resource  by  the  number  of   times  it  was  searched,  focus  more  on  the  breadth  of  exposure  that  content  is  getting  by  inclusion   in  the  discovery  system.   This  would  guide  users  back  to  the  native  A&I  resource  which  both  libraries  and  A&I  providers   want,  and  it  would  do  that  in  a  more  intuitive  and  meaningful  way  for  the  end  user.  
     • keywords: discovery
     • versions: original; plain text
696. ital-8650
     • author: Mugridge, Rebecca L.; Sweeney, Michael
     • title: Data Center Consolidation at the University at Albany
     • date: 2015-12-22
     • words: 5231
     • flesch: 50
     • summary: Many colleges and universities have data centers or server rooms distributed across one or more campuses, as does the University at Albany (UAlbany). At the same time, server rooms sprouted all over the university, with many of the colleges and other units purchasing servers and maintaining server rooms in less than ideal conditions.
     • keywords: data center; libraries; new; new data; servers; university
     • versions: original; plain text
697. ital-8652
     • author: Potnis, Devendra Dilip; Regenstreif-Harms, Reynard; Cortez, Edwin
     • title: Identifying Key Steps for Developing Mobile Applications & Mobile Websites for Libraries
     • date: 2016-09-30
     • words: 7006
     • flesch: 38
     • summary: The ability to prioritize tasks and identify mission-critical features of mobile MAMW are some of the most common activities undertaken by libraries to manage this scope.32 For instance, it is not practical to make entire library websites mobile because libraries would end up serving only those patrons who access their sites over mobile alone. Open Source Design mobile websites that allow users to leverage the same open source technology as the main websites77 Design mobile websites linking to other existing services like library h3lp and library catalogs with mobile interfaces such as MobileCat78 4 Networking Design a mobile website capable of exploiting advancements in technology such as faster mobile data networks79 Identify and address technology issues (e.g., connectivity, security, speed, signal strength, etc.) faced by patrons when using MAMW80 5 Input/Output Devices Use a mobile robot to determine the location of fixed RFID tags in space81 Design MAMW capable of processing data communicated using radio frequency identification devices, near-field communication technology, and Bluetooth- based technology like iBeacons82 Offer innovative services using augmented- reality tools83 IDENTIFYING KEY STEPS FOR DEVELOPING MOBILE APPLICATIONS & MOBILE WEBSITES FOR LIBRARIES | POTNIS, REGENSTREIF-HARMS, AND CORTEZ |doi:10.6017/ital.v35i2.8652 52 6 Databases Integrate a back-end database of metadata with front-end mobile technologies84 Integrate front-end of mobile MAMW with back-end of standard databases and services85 7 Social Media and Analytics Integrate social media sites (e.g., Foursquare, Facebook Place, Gowalla, etc.) with existing checkout services for accurate and information rich entries86 Implement Google Voice or a free text- messaging service87 Use Google Analytics for mobile optimized website by copying the free JavaScript code generated from Google Analytics and paste it into library webpages to gain insight into what resources are used and who used them88 Integrate a geo-location feature with mobile services89 Table 1.
     • keywords: development; information; libraries; library; mamw; mobile; services; technology; websites
     • versions: original; plain text
698. ital-8749
     • author: Peponakis, Manolis
     • title: In the Name of the Name: RDF literals, ER attributes and the potential to rethink the structures and visualizations of catalogs
     • date: 2016-06-30
     • words: 8265
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: In this study, a method is proposed to connect the names with the entities they represent and, in this way, to document the provenance of these names by connecting specific resources with specific names. We proposed a method for connecting the names to the entities they represent and, at the same time, we documented the provenance of these names by connecting specific resources with specific names.
     • keywords: bibliographic; data; entities; information; model; names; rda; rdf
     • versions: original; plain text
699. ital-8804
     • author: Vacek, Rachel
     • title: President's Column: Making an Impact in the Time That is Given to Us
     • date: 2015-06-15
     • words: 799
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: As  LITA  President,  I  have  put  many  changes  in  motion  and  am  happy  with   what  I  have  accomplished,  and  proud  of  our  Board  and  the  members  who  volunteer  to  lead  and   effect  change.   In  today’s  library  technology  landscape,  one  of  the  many  skills  leaders  need  to  possess  is  the   ability  to  effect  change.
     • keywords: lita
     • versions: original; plain text
700. ital-8805
     • author: Gerrity, Robert
     • title: Editor's Comments
     • date: 2015-06-15
     • words: 438
     • flesch: 48
     • summary: Microsoft Word - June_ital_gerrity.docx Editor’s Comments Bob Gerrity     INFORMATION  TECHNOLOGY  AND  LIBRARIES  |  JUNE  2015       1       Library  Discovery  Circa  1974   Our  ongoing  project  to  digitize  back  issues  of  Information  Technology  and  Libraries  (ITAL)   and  its  predecessor,  Journal  of  Library  Automation  (JOLA),  provides  frequent  reminders  of   what’s  changed  (and  what  hasn’t)  in  library  technology  in  the  past  several  decades.   Joseph  Deodato  provides  a  useful  step-­‐by-­‐ step  guide  to  evaluating  web-­‐scale  discovery  services  for  libraries.
     • keywords: library
     • versions: original; plain text
701. ital-8919
     • author: Colegrove, Patrick Tod
     • title: Editorial Thoughts: Rise of the Innovation Commons
     • date: 2015-09-21
     • words: 1670
     • flesch: 8
     • summary: Indeed,  the   rapid  and  widespread  adoption  of  the  Internet  has  enabled  entire  topologies  of  information   to  change  –  morphing  from  ponderous  print  tomes  into  digital  databases,  effectively  escaping   the  walls  of  libraries  and  archives  altogether.1   In  reflection  of  end-­‐users’  growing  preference  for  easily  accessible  digital  materials,  libraries   have  responded  with  the  creation  of  new  spaces  and  services.   2   That  the  practice  of  libraries  and  librarianship  is  changing  is  an  understatement.
     • keywords: commons; library
     • versions: original; plain text
702. ital-8923
     • author: Kuglitsch, Rebecca Zuege; Tingle, Natalia; Watkins, Alexander
     • title: Facilitating Research Consultations Using Cloud Services: Experiences, Preferences, and Best Practices
     • date: 2017-03-31
     • words: 2859
     • flesch: 44
     • summary: Students using the calendar indicated that it was not more intimidating than emailing a librarian, and by removing the waiting period for a response, a calendar can prevent student distraction or students persuading themselves that they actually do not need help in the interim. It seems more useful and immediate.” We kept track of how many students who made calendar appointments over two semesters kept them, and sent a short, informal survey to students who made appointments.
     • keywords: appointment; calendar; students
     • versions: original; plain text
703. ital-8924
     • author: Tighe, Ruth L.
     • title: Guest Editorial: Hoist by Their Own Petard
     • date: 1974-03-01
     • words: 451
     • flesch: 55
     • summary: Whether one interprets information to be the book, and discusses its transfer in terms of acquisitions, circulation, and interlibrary loan, or one interprets information to be datum, and discusses transfer in terms of access, retrieval, and transfer, the fact remains that information transfer is the area of concern of the information profession. Librarians-information scientists-have always been concerned with the transfer of information.
     • keywords: information
     • versions: original; plain text
704. ital-8925
     • author: Veaner, Allen B.
     • title: Institutional Political and Fiscal Factors In the Development of Library Automation, 1967-71.
     • date: 1974-03-01
     • words: 9629
     • flesch: 45
     • summary: During the boom years when computer facilities were expanding fast- er than the supply of competent staff, elitism seemed fairly common in the computer center. The computer, on the other hand, is a relentless accounting engine; computer facilities can produce endless statistics on the number of jobs run, lines printed, ter- minal hours provided to users, turnaround time, cards punched, etc.
     • keywords: academic; administrative; automation; computer; computing; development; facility; libraries; library; services; systems; university
     • versions: original; plain text
705. ital-8926
     • author: Butler, Brett
     • title: Automatic Format Recognition of MARC Bibliographic Elements: A Review and Projection
     • date: 1974-03-01
     • words: 5907
     • flesch: 71
     • summary: Languages R R Title of Book R I 4ll+v Volume R I 440 Series, Title R R
     • keywords: field; format; input; subject; title
     • versions: original; plain text
706. ital-8927
     • author: Board of Directors, ISAD
     • title: Highlights of ISAD Board Meeting
     • date: 1974-03-01
     • words: 5783
     • flesch: 63
     • summary: Hammer presented a proposal for establishing on a subscription basis a Selective Dissemination of Information system for ALA members (see Exhibit 1). BASIS A SELECTIVE DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR ALA MEMBERS The original proposal for an SDI system was intended for ISAD members only, but interest has grown at ALA Headqua1ters to the extent that it is being considered as a service to be provided for all ALA members.
     • keywords: ala; board; committee; isad; marbi; members
     • versions: original; plain text
707. ital-8928
     • author: Martin, Susan K.
     • title: Technical Communications
     • date: 1974-03-01
     • words: 5865
     • flesch: 60
     • summary: Any errors detected in LC MARC records are to be reported to LC for correction. CLR is prepared to commit one staff member full time to the project who is well versed in the machine handling of MARC serials records.
     • keywords: data; library; marc; national; serials
     • versions: original; plain text
708. ital-8929
     • author: Bewley, Lois M.; Simmons, Peter
     • title: Book Reviews
     • date: 1974-03-01
     • words: 1078
     • flesch: 58
     • summary: The experienced li- brarian, on the other hand, will not be pleased to learn that many libraries with computer systems have given up the Li- brary of Congress [filing] system for Mel Mac and have placed Mac in order between Mab and Mad, and Me between Mb and Md. Nor will anyone associated with libraries be pleased to discover that computer centers not only can, but fre- quently do, lose information. The librarian who is already involved in automated systems will not need this book; the librarian who wishes to learn about automation and the systems analyst who needs to understand library systems will do well to read other sources in addi- tion to this one.
     • keywords: book; library
     • versions: original; plain text
709. ital-8930
     • author: Ullah, Asim; Khusro, Shah; Ullah, Irfan
     • title: Bibliographic Classification in the Digital Age: Current Trends & Future Directions
     • date: 2017-09-17
     • words: 11954
     • flesch: 39
     • summary: Ranganathan's layers of classification theory and the FASDA model of classification. Thelwall, M. (2009). Today several classification schemes are in use ranging from conventional classification schemes including Library of Congress Classification (LCC), Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC), Colon Classification (CC), and Universal Decimal Classification (UDC) to classification for digital environments including Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) digital library1, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IEEE) digital library2, and Online Computer Library Center (OCLC) cooperative catalogue3.
     • keywords: bibliographic; bibliographic classification; classification; ddc; digital; faceted; lcc; library; search; udc
     • versions: original; plain text
710. ital-8931
     • author: Martin, Susan K.
     • title: Who Will Steer the Ship?
     • date: 1974-06-01
     • words: 771
     • flesch: 55
     • summary: Third, it seems important when determining issues (ad hoc standards for local input of MARC-like monograph and serials records) which are of long- range concern to many libraries, that it is particularly important not to bias a development effort toward the needs of one type of library. Informal communication had it that this group of library automation ex- perts originally was to devise a standardized subset of the MARC mono- graph format; however, a full year passed without public announcement of this work.
     • keywords: library
     • versions: original; plain text
711. ital-8932
     • author: Arms, W. Y.; Walter, T. P.
     • title: A Simulation Model for Purchasing Duplicate Copies in a Library
     • date: 1974-06-01
     • words: 4060
     • flesch: 64
     • summary: At Sussex some books are designated short term loan and can be borrowed for up to four days only; the remainder are long term loan books and can be borrowed for up to six weeks. At Sussex some books are designated short term loan and can be borrowed for up to four days only; the remainder are long term loan books and can be borrowed for up to six weeks.
     • keywords: book; demand; number
     • versions: original; plain text
712. ital-8933
     • author: Harp, Vivian; Heard, Gertrude
     • title: Automated Periodicals System at a Community College Library
     • date: 1974-06-01
     • words: 4740
     • flesch: 71
     • summary: For each subscription, bibliographic and order information and MVCC holdings were entered on a three-by-five-inch history card; on the verso were records for each renewal of purchase order number, subscription length, cost, and subscription dates. The cost, purchase order number, and problem explanation were available by merely flipping the printout pages to the title in question on the master list.
     • keywords: library; order; purchase; renewal; subscription; system
     • versions: original; plain text
713. ital-8934
     • author: Bookstein, Abraham
     • title: A Hybrid Access Method for Bibliographic Records
     • date: 1974-06-01
     • words: 3463
     • flesch: 66
     • summary: We shall concentrate on two approaches that have received much attention-the use 98 I ottrnal of Library Automation Vol. 7/2 June 197 4 of a truncated search key, referred to simply as search key, and the use of Boolean expressions of key words from the title. CONCLUSION In conclusion, we propose a technique for entering a bibliographic data base that retains the simplicity of search keys while also including some of the flexibility that Boolean expressions of key words have for uniquely defining an item.
     • keywords: file; key; search; words
     • versions: original; plain text
714. ital-8935
     • author: Fokker, Dirk W.; Lynch, Michael F.
     • title: Application of the Variety-Generator Approach to Searches of Personal Names in Bibliographic Data Bases--Part 1. Microstructure of Personal Authors' Names
     • date: 1974-06-01
     • words: 4971
     • flesch: 64
     • summary: The problem of variations in name length, as well as the very dif- ferent distributions of the characters at these positions, were not encourag- ing, and instead the production of key-sets from the last letter of the sur- 1 .99 .98 .97 .96 .95 .94 .93 Hr .92 .91 .90 .89 .88 .87 .86 0 20 40 60 80 100 Total number of keys for the front of surnames Fig. 3. Increase in relative entropy with increase in key-set size; keys generated from 50,000 surnames 114 J oumal of Library Automation Vol. 7/2 June 1974 name was investigated, and proved much more ath·active, since it is largely independent of surname length.
     • keywords: .004; key; keys; names; set
     • versions: original; plain text
715. ital-8936
     • author: Avram, Henriette D.
     • title: The Library of Congress View on Its Relation to the ALA MARC Advisory Committee
     • date: 1974-06-01
     • words: 2598
     • flesch: 62
     • summary: Prior to a discussion of MARC changes, it appears appropriate to make certain basic statements regarding MARC changes and the difficulties ex- perienced by the MARC Development Office in evaluating the significance of a change for the MARC subscriber. Changes made to MARC records may be divided into the following cate- gories: Category 1: Changes resulting from a change in cataloging rules or sys- tems.
     • keywords: change; marc
     • versions: original; plain text
716. ital-8937
     • author: on Technical Standards for Library Automation, Committee
     • title: Standards for Library Automation and ISAD's Committee on Technical Standards for Library Automation (TESLA)
     • date: 1974-06-01
     • words: 3908
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: Therefore, in the following are very brief recapitulations of the more relevant or- ganizations impacting library automation standards. Please note that the outline is designed to enable standards proposals to be written following a generalized format which will facilitate their review.
     • keywords: ansi; automation; data; library; national; standards; tesla
     • versions: original; plain text
717. ital-8945
     • author: Martin, Susan K.
     • title: Technical Communications
     • date: 1974-06-01
     • words: 5597
     • flesch: 51
     • summary: As coverage is extended to catalog records for foreign-language monographs and for other forms of material, libraries will be able to obtain machine records for a large number of their current titles. 2. Development of format recognition, a computer program which can pro- cess unedited catalog records and supply all the necessary content des- ignators required for the full MARC record.
     • keywords: catalog; computer; data; information; libraries; library; project; records; system
     • versions: original; plain text
718. ital-8946
     • author: Shank, Russell; Lancaster, F. W.; Simmons, Peter; Overmyer, LaVahn
     • title: Book Reviews
     • date: 1974-06-01
     • words: 2216
     • flesch: 54
     • summary: For example, there are seven behavioral objectives in the unit on Computer Technology, of which the first four are: 1) the student will be able to discuss the two-fold requirement to repre- sent data by codes and data structures for purposes of machine manipulation, 2) the student will be able to identify the basic components of computer systems and de- scribe their purposes, 3) the student will be able to differentiate hardware and soft- ware and describe briefly the part that programming plays in the overall com- puter processing operation, 4) the student will be able to define the various modes of computer operation and indicate the utility of each in library operations. Elsewhere the author indicates that his emphasis is on software technology of information systems and that the book is intended to bridge the communications gap among information users, librarians and data processors.
     • keywords: information; library; systems
     • versions: original; plain text
719. ital-8947
     • author: Malinconico, S. Michael
     • title: The LC/MARC Record As a National Standard
     • date: 1974-09-01
     • words: 628
     • flesch: 51
     • summary: The LC/MARC Record As a National Standard 159 The desire to promote exchange of bibliographic data has given rise to a rather cacophonous debate concerning MARC as a standard, and the definition of a MARC compatible record. It might safely be said that in the most common use of a MARC record-card production-scarcely more than the paragraph distinctions on an LC card are really necessary.
     • keywords: record
     • versions: original; plain text
720. ital-8948
     • author: Avram, Henriette D.; Rather, Lucia J.
     • title: Principles of Format Design
     • date: 1974-09-01
     • words: 2748
     • flesch: 55
     • summary: There may be more than one indicator per data field. The content of the fixed field can actually be data content, or a code representing data content, or a code representing information about the record.
     • keywords: content; data; format
     • versions: original; plain text
721. ital-8949
     • author: Goossens, Paula
     • title: Techniques for Special Processing of Data within Bibliographic Text
     • date: 1974-09-01
     • words: 6102
     • flesch: 61
     • summary: To reduce the remaining limitations, some approaches similar to those elabo- rated in field level systems are supplied. Because in most subfield level systems the number of different fields is much higher than in field level systems, the duplication method becomes more intricate.
     • keywords: bibliographic; field; filing; marc; special; systems
     • versions: original; plain text
722. ital-8950
     • author: Bowden, Virginia M.; Miller, Ruby B.
     • title: MARCIVE: A Cooperative Automated Library System
     • date: 1974-09-01
     • words: 7529
     • flesch: 71
     • summary: 3. Full-Edit listing from the EDIT program showing the input, keypunched data, data in MARCIVE file format, data in catalog card format, and tracings. lists every title processed in the following forms: the input data, the data as retained in the MARCIVE file, the data in catalog card format, and the tracings (Figure 3) .
     • keywords: catalog; data; library; marcive; program; system; title
     • versions: original; plain text
723. ital-8951
     • author: Fokker, Dirk W.; Lynch, Michael F.
     • title: Application of the Variety-Generator Approach to Searches of Personal Names in Bibliographic Data Bases--Part 2. Optimization of Key-Sets, and Evaluation of Their Retrieval Efficiency
     • date: 1974-09-01
     • words: 5461
     • flesch: 66
     • summary: Keys consisting of variable-length chamcter strings from the front and rear of surnames, derived by analysis of author names in a particular data base, am used to provide approximate representations of author names. When combined in appropriate mtios, and used together with keys for each of the first two initials of personal names, they provide a high degme of discrimination in search.
     • keywords: file; key; keys; names; set; sets
     • versions: original; plain text
724. ital-8952
     • author: Hammer, Donald P.
     • title: Highlights of ISAD Board Meeting
     • date: 1974-09-01
     • words: 5100
     • flesch: 62
     • summary: Mr. Hammer informed the Board that Peter Watson had talked with him about ASIDIC liaison, and they had concluded that ASIDIC is primarily interested in having an observer at ISAD Board meetings. ISAD Board members indicated an interest in and a need for a service of this nature, but reflected a hesitancy regarding the sensitivity of the issue.
     • keywords: ala; board; committee; isad; kilgour
     • versions: original; plain text
725. ital-8953
     • author: Bosseau, Don L.
     • title: Technical Communications
     • date: 1974-09-01
     • words: 8086
     • flesch: 56
     • summary: ANNOUNCEMENTS Resolution WHEREAS, the American Library As- sociation is the chief advocate for librari- ans and laymen seeking to provide citizens of the United States with the highest quality library and information service, and WHEREAS, a major effort will be re- quired of this Association and of all sup- porters of libraries in the next few years as the country's leaders determine long- range national positions in such matters as copyright, intellectual freedom, federal support of libraries, and a national plan for libraries and information services, and WHEREAS, the effectiveness of this effort will depend on the concerted effort of all those concerned with library service, including library users, citizens groups, government officials and librarians them- selves from all aspects and ranks of the profession; THEREFORE LET IT BE RESOLVED that all the committees, chapters and di- visions of the American Library Associa- tion take definite steps to increase mutual efforts within the Association and with other associations seeking ways to strength- en the common effort toward the provision of quality library service to all people. SAL/NET-Satellite Libmry Information Network This project is designed to experiment in the extension of library services to sparsely populated regions of the Rocky Mountain and northern plains states.
     • keywords: computer; data; information; library; light; new; program; service; standards; system; technical; university
     • versions: original; plain text
726. ital-8954
     • author: Simmons, Peter; Roberts, Justine; Piternick, George; Snowball, George J.
     • title: Book Reviews
     • date: 1974-09-01
     • words: 2003
     • flesch: 57
     • summary: The twenty-nine papers published here are presented under six headings, each representing an area of librarianship in which Dr. Shera has been a major in- fluence: philosophy of librarianship, li- brary history, reference work in the li- brary, documentation, the academic li- brary, and library education. An appendix devoted to an in-depth study of education for library manage- ment concludes that: in Britain and, to a lesser extent, the United States this aspect of library education needs considerable strengthening; games such as that de- scribed are most suited to specialized courses for experienced librarians but there is a place for similar ones in first- level courses; and a larger proportion of the profession needs to comprehend the concepts put forward in this and other studies before better management tech- niques will be applied to libraries.
     • keywords: information; library; system
     • versions: original; plain text
727. ital-8955
     • author: Martin, Susan K.
     • title: Buyer Be Wary!
     • date: 1974-12-01
     • words: 746
     • flesch: 53
     • summary: There are several reliable paths: ( 1) be aware of and alert to the possibilities of misleading claims and misrepresentation; ( 2) follow up a sales pitch with a few phone calls to those institutions that are described to be using the product or about to sign the contract; ( 3) maintain a reasonable amount of resistance to the sales talk; ( 4) use the library profession's invisible col- lege to determine the validity of the claims and the experiences that oth- ers have had with the firm; and ( 5) support the attempts of our profes- sional societies, such as ALA and ASIS, to require organizations to main- tain certain advertising standards. Most approaches fall into one of the following categories: ( 1) misleading advertising, with unclear statements and imprecise use of vocabulary; ( 2) claims that one, or several, or many other libraries are using the product with satisfac- tion (when this indeed is not the case); ( 3) specific statements that a large and prestigious library is about to sign a contract for servic~s or products (although investigation will reveal no such intention); ( 4) lists of experts in the field who are presumed to be associated with the company in an ad- visory or consultant role (but who are unaware of this use of their names); and ( 5) approaches to federal, state, or local agencies to appeal 248 Journal of Library Automation Vol.
     • keywords: advertising
     • versions: original; plain text
728. ital-8957
     • author: Saffady, William
     • title: A Computer Output Microfilm Serials List for Patron Use
     • date: 1974-12-01
     • words: 1506
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: As Ballou notes, discussions of COM have tended to concentrate more on the computer than on micrographics, but for a patron-use COM appli- cation the selection of an appropriate microformat is of the greatest im- portance.5 However, there has been an unfortunate emphasis placed, both in the literature of micrographics and by vendors, on microfiche, the for- mat now dominating the industry, especially in COM applications. 263 Library literature generally assumes that COM is bette1· suited to staff rath- er than patron use applications.
     • keywords: com; library; use
     • versions: original; plain text
729. ital-8958
     • author: Clark, Alice S.
     • title: Subject Access to a Data Base of Library Holdings
     • date: 1974-12-01
     • words: 3114
     • flesch: 62
     • summary: When the user types in PG2 or PG3, more titles will come up, and if more than thirty titles are desired, the original command can be reentered with a /SKIP 30 option to display others including all 757 titles if necessary. The circu- lation clerk at any location either in the main library or in any department library could search the author and title and find: ( 1) if the OSU Li- braries had the book; ( 2) where it was regularly housed; and ( 3) its status (charged out, missing, lost, or available for circulation).
     • keywords: evolution; library; number; subject; titles
     • versions: original; plain text
730. ital-8959
     • author: Herling, J. P.; Beeler, M. G. Fancher; Reisman, A.; Dean, B. V.
     • title: Improved Delivery of Library Materials: The Cleveland Experience
     • date: 1974-12-01
     • words: 3962
     • flesch: 62
     • summary: CONCLUSION Despite its imperfections, the project discussed here has convinced us that the approach and methodology are of value to the library community, not only in application to library delivery systems but also in application to a multitude of library service problems, particularly those involving sev- eral libraries or library systems, albeit because of changes in top adminis- trative positions within the key library systems the results of this study are still awaiting implementation. It has a formal (contractual, political, administrative, etc.) or an in- formal agreement with other nodes and/or library systems.
     • keywords: delivery; libraries; library; system
     • versions: original; plain text
731. ital-8960
     • author: Zimmerman, R. G. J.
     • title: A Computer-Accessed Microfiche Library
     • date: 1974-12-01
     • words: 6775
     • flesch: 66
     • summary: 2. Picture File Organization, Picture records consist of a fixed- and a variable-length portion. To do this the upper and lower limits of the specified values of each such parameter are found (from the values table), and from this the expected number of picture records to be compared is computed.
     • keywords: file; information; parameter; picture; search; user
     • versions: original; plain text
732. ital-8961
     • author: King, Donald R.
     • title: The Binary Vector as the Basis of an Inverted Index File
     • date: 1974-12-01
     • words: 3484
     • flesch: 66
     • summary: Msr = D · I · K where: ( binary vector file) (standard inverted file) M = Storage requirements in bytes D = Number of documents in the system As an example, assume the following document descriptions are presented to a system using binary vectors: Document Number 1 2 3 Subject Headings A,B,D C,E A,
     • keywords: binary; file; vector
     • versions: original; plain text
733. ital-8962
     • author: Bosseau, Don L.
     • title: Technical Communications
     • date: 1974-12-01
     • words: 4893
     • flesch: 53
     • summary: A direct out- growth of the Cooperative Bibliographic Center for Indiana Libraries ( CoBiCIL) Feasibility Study Project sponsored by the Indiana State Library and directed by Mrs. Barbara Evans Markuson, InCoLSA has been organized as an independent not-for-profit organization to encourage the development and improvement of all types of library service. The ISAD Committee on Technical Stan- dards for Library Automation Invites Your Participation in the Standards Game Editor's Note: The TESLA Reactor Bal- lot will be provided in f01'thcoming is- sues.
     • keywords: data; information; library; marbi; national; proposal; standards; system
     • versions: original; plain text
734. ital-8963
     • author: Bottle, R. T.; Rothstein, Samuel; Kershner, Lois M.; Brown, Jack E.; Atherton, Pauline A.; Parker, Patricia E.
     • title: Book Reviews
     • date: 1974-12-01
     • words: 3444
     • flesch: 58
     • summary: For each country there is a de- tailed account of the national information system now existing, with a brief outline of its antecedents, a directory of informa- tion or documentation centers, a list of serials published by these centers, and a bibliography of recent papers dealing with the development of information systems in that country. The authors point out that the six coun- tries being examined have experimented intensely with organizational variants of national science information systems.
     • keywords: australian; book; data; information; library
     • versions: original; plain text
735. ital-8965
     • author: Brett, Kelsey Renee; Lierman, Ashley; Turner, Cherie
     • title: Lessons Learned: A Primo Usability Study
     • date: 2016-04-01
     • words: 6191
     • flesch: 52
     • summary: Facets in Live Site and Development Sandbox at Time of Testing Both groups were happy with the changes to the Primo development sandbox but wanted to test the effect of the changes on user search behavior before updating the live site. In other cases, users had difficulty interpreting locations and holdings information for physical items.19 Among the needs and desires expressed by and for Primo users in the literature, two in particular stand out.
     • keywords: discovery; primo; search; task; usability; users
     • versions: original; plain text
736. ital-8966
     • author: Dowling, Thomas
     • title: President's Message
     • date: 2015-09-21
     • words: 474
     • flesch: 50
     • summary: I  hope  to  meet  as  many  LITA  members  as  possible  this  year,  at  one  of  the  upcoming  in-­‐person   meetings  or  online,  or  just  drop  me  a  line  on  Connect.    It’s  going  to  be  a  great  year  for  LITA.     Thomas  Dowling  (dowlintp@wfu.edu)  is  LITA  President  2015-­‐16  and  Director  of  Technologies,   Z.  Smith  Reynolds  Library,  Wake  Forest  University,  Winston-­‐Salem,  North  Carolina.    
     • keywords: lita
     • versions: original; plain text
737. ital-8967
     • author: Cyzyk, Mark
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: Information Technology and Libraries: Anxiety and Exhilaration
     • date: 2015-09-21
     • words: 621
     • flesch: 48
     • summary:   While  these  surprise  events  were  happening,  we  also  switched  source  code  management   systems,  so  a  migration  was  in  order  there,  my  longingly-­‐awaited  new  workstation  came  in   (and  I'm  sure  you  all  know  how  painstaking  it  is  to  migrate  all  idiosyncratic   data/apps/settings  to  a  new  workstation  and  ensure  it's  all  present,  functioning,  and  secure   before  DBAN-­‐nuking  your  old  drives),  we  decommissioned  a  central  service  that  had  been  in     Mark  Cyzyk  (mcyzyk@jhu.edu)  a  member  of  the  ITAL  Editorial  Board,  happily  works  and   ages  in  The  Sheridan  Libraries,  Johns  Hopkins  University,  Baltimore,  Maryland,  USA.     INFORMATION  TECHNOLOGY  IN  LIBRARIES:  ANXIETY  AND  EXHILARATION  |  CYZYK       doi:  10.6017/ital.v34i3.8967   7   production  since  2006,  we  fully  upgraded  our  Wordpress  Multisite  including  all  plugins  and   themes,  fixing  what  broke  in  the  upgrade,  and  I  got  into  the  groove  of  working  on  any  and  all   trouble  tickets/change  requests  that  spontaneously  appeared,  popping  up  like  mushrooms  in   the  verdant  vale  of  my  worklife.   Microsoft Word - September_ITAL_Cyzyk_final.docx Editorial Board Thoughts: Information Technology in Libraries: Anxiety and Exhilaration Mark Cyzyk   INFORMATION  TECHNOLOGY  AND  LIBRARIES  |  SEPTEMBER  2015               6   A  few  weeks  ago  a  valued  colleague  left  our  library  to  move  his  young  family  back  home  to   Pittsburgh.    Insofar  as  we  were  a  two-­‐man  department,  I  spent  the  weeks  following  the   announcement  of  his  imminent  departure  picking  his  brain  about  various  projects,  their   codebases,  potential  rough  spots,  existing  trouble  tickets,  etc.  
     • keywords: code
     • versions: original; plain text
738. ital-9098
     • author: Terrell, Heather B.
     • title: Reference is Dead, Long Live Reference: Electronic Collections in the Digital Age
     • date: 2015-12-22
     • words: 3673
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: The expectation for print reference collections is that they are comprised of high-use materials—the very reason for their designation as noncirculating items is ostensibly so that materials are available for on-demand access by both patrons and staff, who use them frequently. Certain objections to removing print reference collections to closed stacks and using the newly freed public space to build a cooperative learning commons, for instance, tend to devolve into hysterics about the potentiality of libraries becoming “no better than a Starbucks.”
     • keywords: collections; information; library; print; reference
     • versions: original; plain text
739. ital-9150
     • author: Dowling, Thomas
     • title: President's Message
     • date: 2015-12-22
     • words: 478
     • flesch: 57
     • summary: But we know many members cannot regularly travel to national meetings, and even the best online experience can lack the serendipitous benefits that so often come from face-to-face meetings. The new LITA Local Task Force will be responsible for creating a toolkit to facilitate local groups’ ability to host events, including information on event planning, accessibility, and ensuring an inclusive culture at meetings.
     • keywords: lita
     • versions: original; plain text
740. ital-9151
     • author: Varnum, Kenneth J.
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: Library Analytics and Patron Privacy
     • date: 2015-12-22
     • words: 1051
     • flesch: 41
     • summary: We are at a point in time when we have the potential to leverage wide swathes of user data. It is hard to argue that improving services, focusing on actual needs, and maintaining funding are in any way improper goals.
     • keywords: library; services
     • versions: original; plain text
741. ital-9152
     • author: Wu, Annie; Thompson, Santi; Vacek, Rachel; Watkins, Sean; Weidner, Andy
     • title: Hitting the Road towards a Greater Digital Destination: Evaluating and Testing DAMS at the University of Houston Libraries
     • date: 2016-06-30
     • words: 4801
     • flesch: 36
     • summary: This article focuses on the task force’s DAMS selection activities: needs assessment, systems evaluation, and systems testing. The long-term return on investment for this path will be a highly skilled technical staff with the ability to maintain and customize an open-source, standards-based repository architecture that can be expanded to support other UH Libraries content such as geospatial data, research data, and institutional repository materials.
     • keywords: dams; digital; evaluation; libraries; system; testing
     • versions: original; plain text
742. ital-9182
     • author: Hardesty, Juliet L.
     • title: Transitioning from XML to RDF: Considerations for an effective move towards Linked Data and the Semantic Web
     • date: 2016-04-01
     • words: 6279
     • flesch: 46
     • summary: Since there are three parts to RDF statements, they are referred to as triples. What that reformatting also encompasses, however, is a review of the information expressed in XML and a set of decisions as to how to express that information as RDF statements.
     • keywords: digital; fedora; metadata; ontology; rdf; statements; xml
     • versions: original; plain text
743. ital-9190
     • author: Trapido, Irina
     • title: Library Discovery Products: Discovering User Expectations through Failure Analysis
     • date: 2016-09-30
     • words: 7636
     • flesch: 41
     • summary: These features, many of which have become deeply embedded into user search processes elsewhere on the web, could prevent or alleviate a substantial number of issues related to problematic user queries (misspellings, typographical errors, imprecise queries, etc.), enable more efficient recovery from errors by guiding users to improved results, and facilitate discovery of foreign-language materials. They rely on relevance ranking and are often reluctant to examine search results in any depth: if the desired item does not appear within the first few hits, users tend to rework their initial search statement (often with only a minimal change to the search terms) rather than scrolling down to the bottom of the results screen or looking beyond the first page of results.
     • keywords: analysis; author; discovery; information; library; queries; search; searches; searching; user
     • versions: original; plain text
744. ital-9255
     • author: Yeh, Shea-Tinn; Walter, Zhiping
     • title: Critical Success Factors for Integrated Library System Implementation in Academic Libraries: A Qualitative Study
     • date: 2016-09-30
     • words: 6845
     • flesch: 46
     • summary: LSPs, the current generation of library management systems, are designed to manage both physical and digital collections. A literature review of CSFs for ERP system implementation success revealed more than ninety CSF factors.11, 12 The contribution of our research is in identifying, through qualitative research method, the most salient CSFs that contribute to the success of a library system migration project from one generation of ILS to another.
     • keywords: case; implementation; libraries; library; management; project; staff; success; system
     • versions: original; plain text
745. ital-9268
     • author: Dehmlow, Mark
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: The Importance of Staff Change Management in the Face of the Growing “Cloud”
     • date: 2016-04-01
     • words: 1850
     • flesch: 52
     • summary: Our approach to staff change is layered as well as long term. Envisioning the Future: Improvements and Roles — One of the initial benefits we will be getting from recouping staff time is around shoring up our processes.
     • keywords: change; staff
     • versions: original; plain text
746. ital-9343
     • author: Johnson, Tanya M.
     • title: Let's Get Virtual: An Examination of Best Practices to Provide Public Access to Digital Versions of Three-Dimensional Objects
     • date: 2016-06-30
     • words: 7309
     • flesch: 39
     • summary: Digital technologies work best when they enable people who feel connected to museum objects to have the freedom to deepen these Tanya M. Johnson (tmjohnso@gmail.com), a recent MLIS degree graduate from the School of Communication & Information, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, is winner of the 2016 LITA/Ex Libris Student Writing Award. However, it is only recently, with the advent of newer technological mechanisms, that such objects could be shared with the public on a larger scale.
     • keywords: access; digital; dimensional; dimensional objects; information; museum; objects; public; website
     • versions: original; plain text
747. ital-9446
     • author: Biswas, Paromita; Marchesoni, Joel
     • title: Analyzing Digital Collections Entrances: What Gets Used and Why It Matters
     • date: 2016-12-30
     • words: 5457
     • flesch: 37
     • summary: The authors argue that such data evaluation is important because it can better inform decisions taken to build collections that will attract users and serve their needs. As Herold, who traced the second largest group of users of the Orang Asli digital image archive to Malaysia notes, the geographic base of a collection’s users can be indicative of the popularity of a subject area.22 Likewise, Matusiak asserts that users’ comments can be indicative of the relevance of collections to users’ needs and provide direction for the future development of digital collections.23 As neither the Craft Revival, Cherokee Traditions, nor Horace Kephart collection includes items that relate specifically to the university’s history—unlike other institution-specific collections mentioned earlier—it is possible collection users may be more representative of the larger public than the university.
     • keywords: cherokee; collections; data; digital; library; referrals
     • versions: original; plain text
748. ital-9462
     • author: Gerrity, Robert
     • title: Editor's Comments: Odds and Ends
     • date: 2016-06-30
     • words: 1445
     • flesch: 34
     • summary: From the point of view of a university librarian, focused on keeping journal subscription costs in line (unsuccessfully I might add), I think there is real danger in not considering what a flip to a gold model might look like. Underpinning the proposal was a 2015 paper from the Max Planck Digital Library that suggested that the amount of money currently being spent (largely by libraries) on journal subscriptions should be sufficient to fund research publication costs if applied to a “flipped” journal publishing business model, from subscription-based to gold open access.1 In the Netherlands, the university sector has adopted a national approach in negotiating deals with several major publishers (Springer, SAGE, Elsevier, and Wiley) that allow Dutch authors to publish their papers as gold OA, without additional charges (but, depending on the publisher, with limits on total numbers and/or which journals are available within the deals).2 The so-called “Dutch Deal” by the VSNU (Association of universities in the Netherlands) and UKB (Dutch Consortium of University Libraries and Royal Library) takes a national approach to flipping the model, attempting to bundle access rights for Dutch readers with APC credits for Dutch authors.
     • keywords: access; open
     • versions: original; plain text
749. ital-9469
     • author: Oud, Joanne
     • title: Accessibility of Vendor-Created Database Tutorials for People with Disabilities
     • date: 2016-12-30
     • words: 4668
     • flesch: 43
     • summary: Findings on accessibility were mixed. Positive accessibility features and common accessibility problems are described, with recommendations on how to maximize accessibility.
     • keywords: accessibility; disabilities; people; tutorials; vendors
     • versions: original; plain text
750. ital-9474
     • author: Rubel, Dejah Thoris
     • title: Picture Perfect: Using Photographic Previews to Enhance Realia Collections for Library Patrons and Staff
     • date: 2017-06-28
     • words: 3745
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: Innovative's Media Management module is still unique among ILS/LMS software in that most vendors either provide a separate digital repository for special collections digital surrogates or they incorporate images into the catalog using third party software like Syndetic SolutionsTM. ”15 As Moeller describes, Innovative’s Media Management module links images and many other file types directly to bibliographic records without requiring users to click an additional link unless they want to view a larger image of a thumbnail.16 Similar to Butler and Kvenild’s project, all of our photos were 900 pixels wide by 600 pixels tall, which is slightly smaller than their default width of 1000 pixels.17 One advantage of using the Media Management module is its ability to automatically create thumbnails 185 pixels wide by 85 pixels tall.
     • keywords: catalog; collection; images; photographic; previews
     • versions: original; plain text
751. ital-9526
     • author: Fifarek, Aimee
     • title: President's Column: Reflections on LITA's Past and Future
     • date: 2016-09-30
     • words: 1085
     • flesch: 54
     • summary: By the time of LITA’s founding at the 1966 Midwinter Meeting in Chicago, library automation had been in development for over a decade.3 MARC was just being invented, with the first tapes from the Library of Congress scheduled to go to the sixteen pilot libraries later that year. I am proud to be at the head of LITA as it begins to celebrate its 50th Anniversary year.
     • keywords: lita; technology
     • versions: original; plain text
752. ital-9527
     • author: Morton-Owens, Emily
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: Requiring and Demonstrating Technical Skills for Library Employment
     • date: 2016-09-30
     • words: 1205
     • flesch: 42
     • summary: Halperin problematized the expense of the MLS credential in comparison to the qualifications actually required by library technology jobs and the salaries offered for technical versus nontechnical work. While it may be helpful to express requirements better to encourage applicants to see more clearly whether they should respond to a posting, this is a small part of the question of preparing new MLS grads for library technology jobs.
     • keywords: experience; library
     • versions: original; plain text
753. ital-9540
     • author: Maceli, Monica; Burke, John J
     • title: Technology Skills in the Workplace: Information Professionals’ Current Use and Future Aspirations
     • date: 2016-12-30
     • words: 7504
     • flesch: 36
     • summary: This paper presents the results of a survey of the technologies used by library and information science practitioners, with attention to the combinations of technologies employed and the technology skills that practitioners wish to learn. INTRODUCTION Over the past several decades, technology has rapidly moved from a specialized set of tools to an indispensable element of the library and information science (LIS) workplace, and today it is woven throughout all aspects of librarianship and the information professions.
     • keywords: information; library; respondents; skills; technologies; technology; use
     • versions: original; plain text
754. ital-9585
     • author: Buljung, Brianna B.; Johnson, Catherine R.
     • title: Up Against the Clock: Migrating to LibGuides v2 on a Tight Timeline
     • date: 2017-06-28
     • words: 7162
     • flesch: 55
     • summary: Required before migration: Due Date Task Check when Complete 26 October 2015 Review attached report of guides that have not been updated in the last year. The LibGuides tab was also updated to provide a drop down list of all the guides and a link to browse by guide owner, subject or type of guide.
     • keywords: libanswers; libguides; library; list; migration; team; timeline
     • versions: original; plain text
755. ital-9595
     • author: Chu, Kuo-Chung; Lu, Hsin-Ke; Liu, Wen-I
     • title: Identifying Emerging Relationship in Healthcare Domain Journals via Citation Network Analysis
     • date: 2018-03-19
     • words: 4250
     • flesch: 52
     • summary: Many other methods originate from citation analysis, including document co-citation analysis, bibliographic coupling,5 author co- citation analysis,6 and co-word analysis.7 There are levels of co-citation analysis: document, author, and journal. Intensive Care Med, BMJ 2 21 24 BMJ, N Engl J Med, JAMA 3 20 25 N Engl J Med, JAMA, Lancet 3 20 26 JAMA, Med Care, Lancet 3 14 27 JAMA, Med Care, N Engl J Med 3 14 28 BMJ, JAMA, Lancet, N Engl J Med 4 14 The link of co-citation journals in three periods from 1852 to 2009 can be summarized as follows: (1) three journals were highly cited but were not in a co-citation relationship in 1852–1907 (see figure 7); (2) five clusters of the healthcare journals in co-citation relationships were found for the years 1908–61 (see figure 8); and (3) 1962–2009 had a distinct cluster of four journals within the healthcare domain (see figure 9).
     • keywords: analysis; citation; domain; healthcare; journals
     • versions: original; plain text
756. ital-9598
     • author: Massicotte, Mia; Botter, Kathleen
     • title: Reference Rot in the Repository: A Case Study of Electronic Theses and Dissertations (ETDs) in an Academic Library
     • date: 2017-03-31
     • words: 6460
     • flesch: 40
     • summary: Due to the specialized nature of graduate-level research, ETDs frequently include links to resources on the open web, for example, personal blogs, project websites, and commercial entities. 76% (504 of 664) of ETDs contained one or more links, the highest number of links (5,946) falling into the Arts group.
     • keywords: content; dissertations; drift; etds; links; study; theses; web
     • versions: original; plain text
757. ital-9601
     • author: Farnel, Sharon
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: Metadata Training in Canadian Library Technician Programs
     • date: 2016-12-30
     • words: 1416
     • flesch: 33
     • summary: Microsoft Word - December_ITAL_farnell_final.docx Editorial Board Thoughts: Metadata Training in Canadian Library Technician Programs Sharon Farnel INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND LIBRARIES | DECEMBER 2016 3 The core metadata team at my institution is small but effective. INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND LIBRARIES | DECEMBER 2016 5 Quebec ● John Abbott College (http://www.johnabbott.qc.ca/academics/career- programs/information-library-technologies/)
     • keywords: college; metadata
     • versions: original; plain text
758. ital-9602
     • author: Fifarek, Aimee
     • title: President's Message: Focus on Information Ethics
     • date: 2016-12-30
     • words: 737
     • flesch: 42
     • summary: Have you stopped to think what impact collecting, posting, sharing that information is going to have on the world around you? PRESIDENT’S MESSAGE | FIFAREK https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v35i4.9602 2 Changes brought about by the rapid development of information and communication technologies (ICT) not only open tremendous opportunities to humankind but also pose unprecedented ethical challenges.
     • keywords: information
     • versions: original; plain text
759. ital-9655
     • author: Jiao, Qun G.; Onwuegbuzie, Anthony J.
     • title: The Impact of Information Technology on Library Anxiety: The Role of Computer Attitudes
     • date: 2017-09-17
     • words: 5377
     • flesch: 47
     • summary: Similarly, Jerabek, Meyer, and Kordinak found levels of computer anxiety to be related to levels of library anxiety for both men and women. Thus, the inclusion of computer anxiety and computer confidence in the canonical correlation model strengthened the multivariate relationship between library anxiety and computer attitudes.
     • keywords: anxiety; attitudes; computer; information; library; library anxiety; students
     • versions: original; plain text
760. ital-9656
     • author: Maloney, Krisellen; Bracke, Paul J.
     • title: Beyond Information Architecture: A Systems Integration Approach to Web-site Design
     • date: 2017-09-17
     • words: 6597
     • flesch: 48
     • summary: It is clear that library Web sites must undergo a fun- damental change in order to be responsive to the needs of the user. Because library Web sites appear to be similar to conventional Web sites, it is tempting to adopt a general approach to IA to address users' needs.
     • keywords: content; library; site; systems; user; web; web site
     • versions: original; plain text
761. ital-9657
     • author: Vaughan, Jason
     • title: Policies Governing Use of Computing Technology in Academic Libraries
     • date: 2017-09-17
     • words: 8226
     • flesch: 48
     • summary: In some cases, library policies were not consolidated under a central page titled Policies and Procedures, or Guidelines, and, where they did appear, the context did not imply or state authoritatively that this was an official policy. Library policies can help address items unique, special, or otherwise worthy of elaboration, such as specific systems in place or situa- tions that may arise.
     • keywords: computer; information; libraries; library; policies; policy; unlv; use
     • versions: original; plain text
762. ital-9658
     • author: Yu, Holly; Young, Margo
     • title: The Impact of Web Search Engines on Subject Searching in OPAC
     • date: 2017-09-17
     • words: 6099
     • flesch: 70
     • summary: Van Pulis and Ludy reported that user searches were typically single words. Ironically, many of these techniques are now found in Web search engines.
     • keywords: opac; percent; permission; search; searches; searching; subject; user; web
     • versions: original; plain text
763. ital-9662
     • author: Cornish, Alan
     • title: Using a Native XML Database for Encoded Archival Description Search and Retrieval
     • date: 2017-09-17
     • words: 4020
     • flesch: 65
     • summary: This paper provides some information on the EAD standard and on search and retrieval issues for EAD XML documents. Strengths and Weaknesses of the TextML Approach Each p roject has it s ow n specific n eed s; thu s, th ere is no correct approach to establishing searc h and retrieval for EAD XML documents.
     • keywords: ead; finding; native; retrieval; search; xml
     • versions: original; plain text
764. ital-9663
     • author: Xia, Jingfeng
     • title: Using GIS to Measure In-Library Book-Use Behavior
     • date: 2017-09-17
     • words: 7227
     • flesch: 71
     • summary: One of the reasons for this seeming neglect comes from the belief that the records of library book s in circulation provide similar info rma tion as those of books used within libraries. cs of library books .
     • keywords: books; bookshelf; data; gis; height; layers; libraries; library; tool; use
     • versions: original; plain text
765. ital-9664
     • author: Northrup, Lori; Cherry, Ed; Darby, Della
     • title: Using Server-Side Include Commands for Subject Web-Page Management: An Alternative to Database-Driven Technologies for the Smaller Academic Library
     • date: 2017-09-17
     • words: 5660
     • flesch: 67
     • summary: For librar- ians, time spent in updating Web pages is greatly reduced; changes to text files on the server result in simultaneous changes to the edited resources across the library's Web site. The migration of print ed subject guides and p athfinders to Web pages began almost concurrently with th e creation of library Web sites.
     • keywords: database; include; library; pages; server; ssi; subject; web
     • versions: original; plain text
766. ital-9665
     • author: Coyle, Karen
     • title: Book Review: Free Culture: How Big Media Uses Technology and the Law to Lock Down Culture and Control Creativity
     • date: 2017-09-17
     • words: 2210
     • flesch: 70
     • summary: Throughout the book, Lessig points out the difference between copyright law and the actual market for works. If there were sufficient proof that free online copies of works increased sales of hard copies, this would quickly become the norm, regardless of the state of copyright law.
     • keywords: copyright; law; lessig
     • versions: original; plain text
767. ital-9718
     • author: Fagan, Jody Condit
     • title: An Evidence-Based Review of Academic Web Search Engines, 2014-2016: Implications for Librarians’ Practice and Research Agenda
     • date: 2017-06-28
     • words: 18198
     • flesch: 49
     • summary: • Using proper accent marks in the title when searching for non-English language items appears to be important. 18 Google Scholar’s blog notes that in January 2016, a change was made so “Scholar now automatically identifies queries that are likely to be looking for a specific paper” Technically speaking, “it tries hard to find the intended paper and a version that that particular user is able to read” https://scholar.googleblog.com/. AN EVIDENCE-BASED REVIEW OF ACADEMIC WEB SEARCH ENGINES, 2014-2016| FAGAN | https://doi.org/10.6017/ital.v36i2.9718 32 • Finding full text for non-English journal articles may require searching Google Scholar in the original language. Even when 19 For example Ştirbu found that Google Scholar overlapped GeoRef by 57% and 62% (Ştirbu et al. 2015, 328), compared with a finding by Neuhaus in 2006 where Scholar overlapped with GeoRef by 26% (2006, 133).
     • keywords: academic; academic web; articles; citations; coverage; engines; google books; google scholar; information; microsoft; research; review; science; search; web
     • versions: original; plain text
768. ital-9720
     • author: Rebmann, Kristen Radsliff; Te, Emmanuel Edward; Means, Donald
     • title: TV Whites Spaces in Public Libraries: A Primer
     • date: 2017-03-31
     • words: 5108
     • flesch: 31
     • summary: TECHNOLOGY AND LIBRARIES | MARCH 2017 40 effective spectrum use by multiple parties with changing spectrum needs can alleviate pressure on these resources.39 TVWS for Public Libraries TVWS is a viable medium for applications from internet access, content distribution within a given location, tracking (people, animals, and assets), task automation, and public safety and security,40 as well as remote patient monitoring and other telemedicine applications.41 TVWS complements existing networks that use other parts of the spectrum for access points, mobile communications, and home media devices.42 Analyses of a recent digital inclusion survey suggest that technology upgrades can have significant impact on the ability of libraries to expand programs and services.43 As community anchor institutions (CAIs), public libraries can use TVWS systems to expand and improve access to their services for their users, especially for underserved populations. Next, a basic description of TVWS and its features is provided, focusing on key aspects of the technology relevant to libraries as community anchor institutions.
     • keywords: access; digital; internet; libraries; public; public libraries; tvws; white
     • versions: original; plain text
769. ital-9733
     • author: Colegrove, Patrick Tod
     • title: Editorial Board Thoughts: Arts into Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics – STEAM, Creative Abrasion, and the Opportunity in Libraries Today
     • date: 2017-03-31
     • words: 2826
     • flesch: 39
     • summary: Microsoft Word - 9733-16966-4-CE.docx Editorial Board Thoughts: Arts into Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics – STEAM, Creative Abrasion, and the Opportunity in Libraries Today Tod Colegrove INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND LIBRARIES | MARCH 2017 4 Over the millennia, man’s attempt to understand the universe has been an evolution from the broad to the sharply focused. Libraries have long been about the organization of, and access to, information resources.
     • keywords: creative; innovation; libraries; library; science
     • versions: original; plain text
770. ital-9750
     • author: Abunadi, Ibrahim
     • title: A Technology-Dependent Information Literacy Model within the Confines of a Limited Resources Environment
     • date: 2018-12-17
     • words: 7182
     • flesch: 37
     • summary: This has caused lack of student information literacy education, which is evident in the submission of student assignments. The purpose of this paper is to investigate information literacy as an increasingly evolving trend in computer education.
     • keywords: face; information; information literacy; learning; literacy; model; online; students; study
     • versions: original; plain text
771. ital-9808
     • author: Fifarek, Aimee
     • title: President's Message: For The Record
     • date: 2017-03-31
     • words: 1070
     • flesch: 50
     • summary: Although being LITA President bears absolutely no resemblance to being President of the United States, I have been thinking about this little imagining of mine a lot lately. Future LITA leaders are going to need to continue to be engaged at the larger organizational level if we are to be able to use LITA’s technological knowledge and expertise to support ALA’s efforts to maximize efficiency while minimizing costs.
     • keywords: lita; president
     • versions: original; plain text
772. ital-9817
     • author: Pekala, Shayna
     • title: Privacy and User Experience in 21st Century Library Discovery
     • date: 2017-06-28
     • words: 4596
     • flesch: 32
     • summary: JUNE 2017 48 ABSTRACT Over the last decade, libraries have taken advantage of emerging technologies to provide new discovery tools to help users find information and resources more efficiently. While users once relied on shelf-browsing and card catalogs to find library resources, libraries now provide access to a suite of online tools and interfaces that facilitate cross-collection searching and access to a wide range of materials.
     • keywords: data; discovery; libraries; library; privacy; user
     • versions: original; plain text
773. ital-9825
     • author: Davis, Ann Marie Lynn
     • title: Current Trends and Goals in the Development of Makerspaces at New England College and Research Libraries
     • date: 2018-06-18
     • words: 8360
     • flesch: 52
     • summary: The body of literature on library makerspaces is brief, descriptive, and often didactic. Born of a global community movement, makerspaces bring the do-it-yourself (DIY) approach to communities of tinkerers using technologies including 3D printers, robotics, metal- and woodworking, and arts and crafts.1 Building on this philosophy of shared discovery, public libraries have been creating free programs and open makerspaces since 2011.2 Given their potential for community engagement, college and research libraries (CRLs) have also been joining the movement in growing numbers.3 In recent years, makerspaces in CRLs have generated positive press in popular and academic journals.
     • keywords: community; crls; lab; libraries; library; makerspace; respondents; survey
     • versions: original; plain text
774. ital-9878
     • author: Han, Yan; Wan, Xueheng
     • title: Digitization of Text Documents Using PDF/A
     • date: 2018-03-19
     • words: 4345
     • flesch: 34
     • summary: AND LIBRARIES | MARCH 2018 64 REFERENCES 1 PDF-Tools.com and PDF Association, “PDF/A—The Standard for Long-Term Archiving,” version 2.4, white paper, May 20, 2009, http://www.pdf- tools.com/public/downloads/whitepapers/whitepaper-pdfa.pdf; Duff Johnson, “White Paper: How to Implement PDF/A,” Talking PDF, PDF/A was designed to address concerns about long-term preservation of PDF files, but there has been little research and few implementations of this file format.
     • keywords: file; header; metadata; pdf; tiff
     • versions: original; plain text
775. ital-9953
     • author: Markland, Mary J.; Rempel, Hannah Gascho; Bridges, Laurie
     • title: Mobile Website Use and Advanced Researchers: Understanding Library Users at a University Marine Sciences Branch Campus
     • date: 2017-12-22
     • words: 7233
     • flesch: 44
     • summary: The conversation about how best to design mobile library websites has shifted over the past decade. Branch campus–affiliated faculty, staff, and graduate students were invited to participate in a survey to determine what their research behaviors are via mobile devices, including frequency of their mobile library website use and the tasks they were attempting to complete.
     • keywords: devices; library; mobile; percent; researchers; students; use; website
     • versions: original; plain text
776. ital-9959
     • author: Azadbakht, Elena; Blair, John; Jones, Lisa
     • title: Everyone’s Invited: A Website Usability Study Involving Multiple Library Stakeholders
     • date: 2017-12-22
     • words: 4292
     • flesch: 55
     • summary: Students approach library search interfaces as if they were Google and generally conduct very simple searches. Research on the search behaviors of students versus more experienced researchers or subject experts also has implications for library website design.
     • keywords: library; participants; search; website
     • versions: original; plain text
777. ital-9966
     • author: Guay, Beth
     • title: A Case Study on the Path to Resource Discovery
     • date: 2017-09-17
     • words: 6417
     • flesch: 42
     • summary: Background: EEBO, Related Resources and Bibliographic Records Much has been written on EEBO’s inception and continuing development as a collection of digital reproductions of microfilm reproductions of pre-1700 print resources, and on its scholarly value (Kitchuk, 2007; Martin, 2007; Gadd, 2009; Mak, 2013; Folger Shakespeare Library, 2015).12 Alfred Pollard and Gilbert Redgrave’s A short-title catalogue of books printed in England, Scotland, & Ireland and of English books printed abroad, 1475-1640 (“STC”), and the “companion” volume, Donald Wing's Short-title catalogue of books printed in England, Scotland, Ireland, Wales, and British America, and of English books printed in other countries, 1641-1700 (“Wing”), respectively, were used in selecting the print resources for filming.13 Gadd (2009, 683) pinpointed the STC as “a catalogue of editions (or more accurately, editions and issues) not copies although, of course, the A CASE STUDY ON THE PATH TO RESOURCE DISCOVERY | GUAY | doi:10.6017/ital.v36i3.9966 25 information about any edition is derived primarily from the surviving copies … Each entry gives the location of known copies …” 14 The “successor” to STC and Wing, the English Short Title Catalog (ESTC), “includes records for every item listed in STC, every item in Wing, every item in the Eighteenth Century Short Title Catalogue … and newspapers and other serials which began publication before 1801” and is freely available online from the British Library.15 16 Gadd (2009, 685-686) offered this critique concerning EEBO’s bibliographic data and relationship to the ESTC: EEBO’s relationship with the original STC and Wing is straightforward and clear; EEBO’s relationship with electronic ESTC, on the other hand, is less well-known. This resulted in a project to identify OCLC record numbers (OCN) for addition to OCLC’s Chadwyck-Healey Early English Books Online (EEBO) KBART file.1 Initially, the project was an attempt to adapt cataloging workflows to a new environment in which the copy cataloging of e-resources takes place within discovery system tools rather than traditional cataloging utilities and MARC record set or individual record downloads into online catalogs.
     • keywords: eebo; libraries; microfilm; oclc; record; resource
     • versions: original; plain text
778. ital-9987
     • author: Zvyagintseva, Lydia
     • title: It is Our Flagship: Surveying the Landscape of Digital Interactive Displays in Learning Environments
     • date: 2018-06-18
     • words: 10068
     • flesch: 40
     • summary: Wherever the service of running, managing, or using this technology is discussed, it is framed as “digital display service” and concerns both technical and organizational aspects of using this technology in a learning institution. Data gathered shows that the average full-time equivalent (FTE) needed to support digital display services in organizations interviewed was 2.97—around three full time staff members.
     • keywords: content; digital; digital displays; displays; exhibits; organizations; public; service; study; technology; university; users
     • versions: original; plain text