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Q The History Of the Orange Order Entered according to Act of the Parliament of Canada, in the year 1898, by Williaai Banks, at tlit: Department of AKrIcuitura ., Pfice « - - 25 Hi.SS A 5072 PUBLISHED BY TORONTO Sentinel Print, Toronto 5 Past Masters' Jewels Reg^alia, Badges Presentation Watches Clocks, Silverware IS:peoi».l I^lsoodnt to tlxe JBire'tli.irejrx Successor to S. B. WINDRUM SI King Street East (tip stairs), Toronto. Repairing in all its Branches Guaranteed Goods Sent on Approval A History of the Orange Order From a Regalia point of view would not be complete unless honorable mention had been made of our firm. We occupy the foremost place as manu- facturers of REGALIA JBWKLRY BANNERS and PARAPHERNALIA for all degrees, from the Orange to the Red Cross. We shall be glad to quote on any supplies you may need. Address THE DOMINION REGALIA CO, Our Catalogue free for the asking tO York St., Toronto, Ont, \ g K. 7 r W DID YOU FIND IT? Why, the place to yet your. Badges, Regalia, Jewels Banners, Recognition Buttons Emblem Pins Atid all Society Paraphernalia Write for particulars, stating what you want BRO. HARRY LOVELOCK 100 Bellevue Avenue TORONTO, ONTARIO BY THE AUTHOR OF- Sl]e history of tlie Orange Order The following works are in preparation, and will be published on an early date : 1. Story of the Reformation 25 cents 2. The Persecutions of the English Protestants.... 25 cents 3. Ireland's Roll of Martyrs 25 cents 4. "For Christ, His Crown and Covenant" — The History of the Covenanters of Scotland... 25 cents 5. Rome in Canadian and United States Affairs.... 10 cents 6. Rome in British Affairs 10 cents 7. History of the Jesuits 10 cents To be followed by other similar works. WILLIAM BANKS, Pahlisher 519 Faiiiament Street TORONTO, CANADA 1 s ' THE SOAIFE SYSTEM OF HISTORY The Comparative Synoptical Chart Company EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHERS CAPITAL STOCK $150,000 List of Publications : United States History, Wall Chart Canadian Histoky, Wall Chart English Histoky. Wall Chart United States Histoky, Students' Chart English Histoky, Studenta' Chart Canadian History, Students' Chart American Civil War Genealogical Tree of the Sovereigns ok Great Britain from 494 to 18^7 New Testament History and Like ok Jesus Christ Rekekence Chart. Canadian BUFFALO 1051 ELLICOTT SQUARE OKKICES TORONTO 77 VICTORIA STREET Phone 294 LONDON, ENG. LEADENHALL BUILDINGS, E.C. The highest educationists in Canada, Great Britain and the United States liave endorsed the Scaife System of History as being the most eflFectual and intelligent method of teaching thir important subject. The Hon. N. Clarke Wallace, Grand Master of the Orange Order for British America, says of these Charts : " I have examined them ca'of ully and believe that nothing has yet been devised that will teach history so quickly and accurately as these charts. They should be in every school in Canada. " "N. CLARKE WALLACE." " Woodbridge, Ont., 28th January, 1898." Agents Wanted Everywhere. Liberal Terms Offered. ..DRUMS.. -AuITJD FIFES BAND INSTRUMENTS, &C. 12th JULY MUSIC C.'\PS, UNIFORMS. SC. We carry everything found in a First-Class Music and Musical Instrument Supply House. Send for Catalogues, mentioning good We Also Publish. THE NEW ORANGE SONG BOOK Containing in all over 50 of the vei y (lioirest Oniiiue Soiiss M»ril, in rich design; also faill riotli, gilt, with embossed covers. Mailed post free. Heavy Paper Cover, 50c. Cloth Gilt, 75c. rofiliiKC StniiipK Aci'ctp'' Good Live Agenls V. ..... s required. ''usii WHALEY, ROYCE & CO. 168 Yonge Street, Toronto, Canada ""'■■ ''■"•"'■■'■ ■'■ -v,,.«wi.%% „ vi....vNrwKwwiS^,Sw«^,,?;x The History Of the Orange Order Copyrighted in Canada and tlie United States ^^<^ \-i' ■■^ Prriee - - - 25 Cents 1, PUBLISHED BY ^1^ r»airlloLment Street ^] TORONTO a x'b i^ A s^^ FEB 1 5 iS56 '5;Ty CF •?o*^v''^' PREFACE. -i0 4 3 35H — It has Ions 'jeen felt that a short history of the Orange Order would be of great ssrvice to the members and to all desirous of obtainin): ac- curate infoimation of the origin of an institution which has done such excellent work in the cause of freedom and which now extends to all parts of the civilized world. The followiofj chapters will be found to contain the main facts in the history of the Order up to a quite recent date. The time will doubtless come Avhen a much more exhaustive work will be neces- sary, but I send this little volume forth in the hope that it may enable all who read it to form a higher and grander view of the founders and the principles which guided them, take a deefer interest in the Institution and so become more active and intelligent workers in every good cause. There are many gaps in the history of such an organization which can never be filled in any history because the pricpless records have been de- stroyed. There were days of trouble for the brave and loyal men who founrl- ed the Order, and rather than allow these documents and the books of the lodges to fall into the hands of perse- cutors, they were destroyed. In other cases the guardians of lodge minutes and rolls had not a very clear idea of (he value of these things and threw them away as useless lumber. It has therefore been necessary to trust to the memory of old members, and in all cases the fact is mentioned so that readers can judge between documen- tary evidence and the stories handed down to us verbally. I am under a deep debt of grati- tude to the proprietor of The Senti- nel, that valuable, loyal and true Pro- testant paper, for access to its fyles, to Mr. Richard Lilhurn, of the Belfast Weekly News, and to the splendid re- ference boolis of the Toronto lublio Lii)rary. one of the very best af its kind on this side of the Atlantic. There are many kindred facts which could be given in connection with the Order's history, but I have endeavored to confine the work to what was directly connected with the formation and history of the Order. The favor with which the bare an- nouncement of this publication has been received has indviced me to ar- range for the publication on an early date of other Protestant books, and has led me to consider the question of establishing a depot in Toronto for the sale of many works which are now almost impossible to obtain in Canada. I will be glad to have a post- card from the readers of this little work, giving their views on the sub- ject of such new pul)lications and the sale of works on Protestant subjects. If such post-cards are sent to the pub- lisher they will be attended to. I be- lieve we read too little on these sub- jects, and that if we study the issues between us and Rome and thorough- ly understand the lessons of the past as given to us in the pages of history, we will be more loyal than ever to our undying principles and more out- spoken in our patriotism, whilst at the same time: we will aid every movement havinf! for its objects the prevention of Romish influence in our affairs, and the spreading of the Gospel amongst our neighbors of that creed. I trust the reader will accept the little volume in the spirit it is issued, and be lenient in dealing with any errors which may inadvertently have crept in. • -, THE AUTHOR. Toronto, Feb. 3, 1898. THE HISTORY OF IHH ORAXGU ORDER. splendid re- fill o I ublic liest ,)f its AtlanLic. facts which on wiLli the endeavored what was e forni.'ition r, le Iiare an- cation has me to ar- )n an early books, and he question 1 Toronto i which are obtain in lave a post- this little in the sub- ms and the it subjects. to the pul)- i to. 1 be- these sub- the issues thorough- the past as history, we ver to our nore out- lilst at the movement prevention iffairs, and I amongst d. accept the t is issued, with any ?ntly have UTHOR. INTKOI»II€TIO:V. After the death of Oliver Crom- well, and the briel; protectorate of his son, Charlea II. was called to the Brit- ish throne, and from 1(160 to 108 J tried by every possible plan to destroy the Protestant and liberty-loving spirit of the people whose rights and religious principles he had sworn to protect. On his death, in 1085, his son James II. ascended the throne and was more cruel, treacherous and wicked than even his father. This is not the place for a review of all the evil deeds of these two monarchs, both of whom were the willing tools of the secret Jesuit society, and as such did not hesitate or scruple to do any deed however monstrous which the leaders of the Jesuits proposed. Neither is this the place to give a history of the glorious Revolution except in so far as it may be necessary to make clear what we desire to say of the origin of the Orange Order. Patiently the people in Eng^land, Ireland, Scotland and Wales bore the tyrannical conduct of these two n^on- archs, hoping against hope that they would see f.he errors of their way and act up lo the constitution. The flower of English literature, the truest of England's Christian men and women were imprisoned and done to death ; the ''• heath-clad hills and lovely dales" of Scotland were dyed with the crim' on gore of her martyred saints, and the blood of brave, true Irish ]'rot'.?st- ants ran like water, shed by the cruel hands of her own sons who were, alas, too willing instruments in the hands of the Jesuit priests. Finding that James II., like his faithless father, soon broke his corona- tion oath and promises and set all law^ at defiance, with sorrowing hearts some of England's noblest sons began to cast about for a way of deliver- ance. Across the German ocean they looked, where in the low lands of Holland the people were free to wor- ship God as their conscience dictated and where a noble prince, the next heir in the Protestant line, to Britain's throne, had bravely and successfully battled for his country. The people of Holland had passed through a struggle for religious liberty and the followers of the Orange had won by the blessing of God. That victory secured perfect religious freedom in Holland, and to that land came the persecuted I'ro- testants of Britain, Germany, Krance and other countries, findinr? there a refuge under the banner of Orange, White and Blue. All Oraiitte AnHo<-lali<»ii. During the struggle in Holland the lovers of liberty formed an associa- tion to support the Prince of Orange and the refugees from Britain joined it. But tte&e refugees were, very propel ly, not content to see King James II. continue his unconstitution- al and persecuting career in their l)e- loved fatherland, and under the guid- ance of the gifted Dr. Burnett, a Scotch refugee, and Van Dykevelt, an bqiially able and gifted Dutchman, an Orange Association was formed and many of the English, Scotch and Irish Pro- testants .joined. The one object of the Association was to secure religious liberty for all persons in the United Kingdom. The members of the Asso- ciation soon found that the surest and safest way to ensure the success of their cause was to have a Protestant Sovereign on the throne, for bitter ex- perience had shown them that a Roman Catholic king violated his coronation oath as soon as he made it. Who, then, was the min to look to as the future Protestant Sovereign of their realm? The one individual who had l)y right a claim to the throne was the brave, God-fearing William, Prince of Orange, and to him all eyes were turned. He had no desire to make a descent on Britain, an I would not lift a hand unless invited by the people to be their Sovereign. " God and the people's rights" were ever his watchword. Many cor.sultations of the able and patriotic men guiding the movement took place in England and at the Hague. Although the Roman Catho- lics watched closely thay were unable to secure any documents, for there were no traitors in the ranks of the pat^-'otic party. It is known that the leaders in the Orange movement in England included such men as the Marquis of Halifax, the Earls of Shrewsbury, Danby, Downshire and Nottingham, Lords Mordaunt and Liunley, the Bishop of London, Ad^ J 4 miral Russell and Admiral Herbert, IjroLlier oi. Liie martyred Sydney Her- bert, The vritten communications be- tween the I'rotestants of Urilain and the refugees at the Hague were gen- erally cari.ed in the hollow of the stout walking stick of Skipper Hawk- shaws, who commanded a trading ves- sel running iween Dutch and Eng- lish ports. was known as the Orange Skipper. All IllVllHliOII. Early in ll«8 the lixitish organiza- tion beat Admiral Ku.s.sel I to the Hague to consult with the refugees anl to find out if the i'rince of Orange was willing lo become sovereign of Jin- tain and Ireland. On his return with a satisfactory report gatherings of the patriots tuoK: place at various out-of-the-way localities, but some of the meetings actually touk place in London. A central gathering of the trusted leaders was held and long and anxious were the deliberations, and then on September 30th, 10S8, these gatherings closed, after deciding to invite William, Prince of Orange, to accept the throne. The invitation to the Prince of Orange to accept the British throne, the right to which had been forfeited by the treacherous and cruel con- duct of James II., was signed amongst otners by the Earls of Shrewsbury, Danby and Devonshire, Lord Lamley, the Bishop of London, Dr. Sydney Herbert and Admiral Russell. Lore* Shrewsbury and Admiral Russell went to the Hague and presented the mem- orial to the Prince. On g':ii«:iiMii s»ii. As this is not a history of the glori- ous Revolution, it is only necessary to say that William, Prince of Orange, accepted the Invitation of the people of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland to deliver them from their Popish oppressors, and that on November 5th, 1G88, the Prince and his followers landed at Tor- bay on the English Channel, and were welcomed by the people as their de- liverer. All the men who had been expelled from Britain for their Pro- testantism accompanied the Prince, and the next day after landing, the march to Exeter began, and in a sense that was the first great Orange procp-ssion. The famous declaration of the Prince was everywhere in circu- lation anfl the one point they all understood was that the people's lib- erties and the Protestant religion would be maintained and defended. On November Mh, the Prince, now prac- ■j tically King, reached Exeter and next day attraded service in the cathedral. He also attended service on Sunday, Noveml>er 11th, and the services were patriotic and I'rctestant. Seldom has there baen bo august an assembly of Orangemen in a sacred edifice as that in Exeter Cathedral on that his- toric 11th of November, 1(588. Al- though that was not the first service of the Orange Order as we know it to-day, yet few will be disposed to dispute the fact that the great ox- ample of Protestants and patriots uniting in defence of liberty was set by the men who organized the "(jlorious Revolution" and who thank- ed God for their success and prayed for the Divine blessinfjj on their fu- ture efforts ill Exeter Cathedral more than two hundred years ago. All Kilt{iiK<>lll('li<. On November 12th Sir Edward Sey- mour, an able politician and true patriot, suggested to Dr. Burnett the advisal)ility of having an organization bound together in a formal manner to support the cause they had espoused, and the idea was considered so valu- able that it was acted upon at once. The following was drawn up and in- scribed on parchment, the capital let- ters are somewhat quaint phraseology, being characteristic of the literature of that day : — An Engagcruent of the Nobles, Knights and Gentlemen of Exeter to assist the Prince of Orange in the defence of the Protestant Religion. We do engage to Almighty God and to his Highness the Prince of Orange and with one another to stick firm to this cause and to one another in de- fence of it until our Religion, Laws and Lilierties are so far secured to us in a Free Parliament, that we shall no more be in danger of falling under Popery and Slavery. And whereas. We are engaged in the common cause under the Protection of the Prince of Orange by which means his person may be exposed to Danger and to the desperate and cursed Designs of Pap- ists and other Bloody men ; We do, therefore, solemnly engage to God and to one another that if any such at- tempts be made upon him, we will pursue not only those that made them, but all their Adherents and all we find in arms against us with the utmost Severity of just Revenge in their Ruin and Destruction, and that the executing any such Attempts ! 5 (wliich God of His Infinite Mercy forljid) shall not deprive us from pur- suing the Cause which we do now undenaiie, but that it shall encourage Ua to carry it on with all the Vigour thai so barbourous approach shall deserve,' This engagement was signed by many of the best and ablest men of the day and has often been quoted as the declaration of principles of the fii'st Orange lodge. In one sense it was the declaration of principles of Orangemen, for that was the name given to all supporters of William in those days and for many years after. In sojue publications another de- claration said to have been drawn up liy br. liurneLt is given as the genuine document, but the papers referred to as deposited in the Tower and the Exeter Engagement clearly show that the alleged Burnett declaration is not genuine. The Orangemen of those days were tireless workers and fearless advocates of their cause. Ten days after sign- ing the Exeter engagement Lord Danby with one hundred horse rode into the City of York, which was garrisoned by soldiers and militia, who proposed to hold it for King James. The gallant Orangemen, with drawn sabres, and shouting "iNo Popery,' "A Free Parliament," and "The Protes- tant Religion," terrified the traitor- ous King's guards and so captured York for King William. These men had no hesitation in raising the cry of "No Poi;ery." They knew ^ he evil it had wrought to their country and were determined to do their I. est to put an end to Popish supremacy. When, however, William was safely seated on the throne the associations formed for his aid naturally fell into dormancy. In lOi/'G they were revived owing to the dastardly conspiracy of the Romanists to murder the King. A declaration was drawn up by the House of Commons and another by the House of Lords and signed by the members of each Ibody, The principles of the original associations were embodied in the declarations and the House of Commons asked the King to lodge the documents relating to these associations for safety in the Tower of London, and this His Majesty did. The House of Commons passed a resolution declaring that "Whosoever should by word or writing affirm that the Association was illegal should lie deemed a promoter of the late King James and an enemy to the laws and liberties of the Kingdom," The Irish Parliament met on June 27th, ll)j(i, and the principal business of the session was the passing of a declaration like that adopted by the English Parliament, the only mem- ber who refused to sign being xVir. Robert Saunderson, M.P. for County Cavan. All OruiiKe Loilgc. The Exeter Engagement was every- where accupteJ. in i^ngiand and tocot- liuui, and King William was Siovereign of these two countries, whilst brave and true men were battling lor his cause in Ireland. Mow, the Asjocia- tion formed at Exeter was open to all, had no secrecy aoout it, and rose and fell as the personal safety c f tne King seemed to demand, it was thus in no seinse the Orange Order as we know it to-day, Lut nevertheless there were direct and continuous links oe- tween it and the existing Order. Now, however, we turn to an organization which can claim to have been L^rotea- lant, patriotic, and secret, and which has aL any rate a claim to be con- sidered the first of its kind, 'ind this was formed amongst the soldiers who from 1G80 .to 1G88 were encamped on Hounslow Heath ready for the defence of James II. Students of history will know that James gave an order, on the solicitation of his Popish advisers, to destroy a pamphlet which detail- ed how the Protestants of France were being persecuted. This order gave cause for grave anxiety to the lovers of liberty, for it showed that the British and French Kings were in accord in opposition to Protes- tantism. This anxi ^ty was increased by the establishment of several Romish orders in London, and the celebration of mass in the tent of Lord Dum- barton, second in command of the Hounslow garrison. The excitement was intensified by the circulation early in 1G88 of a pamphlet which earnestly appealed to the soldiers and others not to ally themselves with the bloodthirsty and idolatrous Roman Catholics. In the end a secret so- ciety was formed, many officers of the Hounslow Heath garrison taking the initiative. The documentary evidence of the formation of this secret asso- ciation of Protestants, mostly, if not entirely composed of soldiers, is simply overwhelming. The action of these soldiers was, of course, condemned by the partizans of James, but he had violated in every particular his cor- onation oath, and thus freed soldiers and civilians alike from all future al- legiance to him. The defence of the ■■ I ^'aP5?^'S'*t?®^!^^ 6 Constitution of the United Kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland and the maintenance of the I'rctestant re- ligion were the objects of the secret association, which sprung from the soldiers of Hounslow Heath. They were perfectly justified on every ground, and so too were the heroes of the Diamond, as we shall see later on. Two 4;i-f'at Aullioi*lli<>s. Now here it may he well to give the two greatest authorities we can quote for the confirmation of the fact that Orange lodges of a secret char- acter did exist in 1088, if not before that year, tn a revised edition of the Rules and Regulations of the Orange Society of Great Britain and Ireland, printed in Dublin in 1810, the follow- ing is by authority of the Grand Lodge published with the revised edi- tion : — " To obviate and confute the calumnies which have been circulated concerning the Orange Institution, it will only be necessary to state briefly the principles on which it rests and the circumstances out of which it grew.'" " The enlarged Institution was copied from one which since the Revolution existed in the 4th Foot regiment, raised by King William, into which Orange lodge (in times when attach- ment to the Whig principles of the Revolution ivhich seated the House of Brunswick on the throne was neither represented as bigotry nor as the abandonment of the cause of civil liberty) several princes of the House of Hanover have not thought it he- neath them to be initiated, we believe the King vi as, we know the Prince of Wales and Prince Frederick - now Duke of York— were made Orange- men." '■This Institution, nearly constituted as at p~>isent, dates, therefore, from the Revolution, and was kept up in small numbers, there being but few lodges till the French Revolution, and its train of attendant horrors Imrst upon the world during the early part of which a most atrocious conspiracy wai formed, both in this country and in Ei.gland, to overthrow the consti- tution and Government, under which the Empire had attained an unexampled state of prosperity and opulence. To resist and defeat such dangerous de- signs is the obvious duty of every good subject, and this laudable determina- tion gave extension to the Orange Institution." These words were written by Mr. John Gifford who was Deputy Grand Master at the time, and held the im- portant position of High Sheriff of the City of Dublin. Here, then, we have the authority of the Supreme Govern- ment of the Order for the claim of continuity of the Orange Institution, and it. is further confirmed by state- ments madein i8i;3 l,y the Duke of Cum- berland, Grand Master of the Orange Order in England, at a time, too, when vicious attacks were being made on the organization. It is not yt course, pretended that the lodf^e established at Hounslow, or the other military lodges els where, used the same ritual and formula as the lodge established alter the Battle of the Diamond. There are necessarily varieties in some ol these rituals, for an order w hich extends over all the world must have certain traits due to the needs of each country in Avhich it is at work. We could fill a volume with records showing hoi/ the Orange hxlges spread in the army and how the uniforms of several regiments were made to suit the feelings of the officers and men, but it is time to turn to Ireland, and trace raore closely the events which led to the formation there of the Orange lodge which is inseparably associated vt ith the Diamond, and which many hold to be the parent lodge, which no doubt in a sense it is, for from the blood-red field of the Dia- mond comes the order as we generally know it, although of course we also know that the men of Ireland very frankly acknowledged the original Orange lodge of the 4th Foot .as the Parent Lodge, which it undoubtedly was. Ill li'claiMl. The triumphant march of the Prince of Orange through England and his loyal acceptance hy the people of Scotland as their lawful sovereign added fuel to the flames of hatred with which the Roman Catholics of Ireland endeavored to consume their Protestant fellow-citizens. Richard Tall;ot, created Earl of Tyrconnell, was James' deputy, and as soon as he heard of the Orange landing at Tor bay he made an appeal for thirty thousand more troops, and history shows that these were the very dregs of the country, men who many of them deserved hanging and all the re- mainder imprisonment. They were, however, the fit tools of Tyrconnell, for he had driven all Prtoestants trora office, filled their places with the creatures of his choice, seized Dublin University buildings, turned the lec- ture halls into offices and apartments and made the cellars prison holes for i! 7 unoffending J'rotestants. Ths story Ql; Llie indignities and persecutions l<.'ri;et,raled on llie peat'^iul people of Ireland by Tyrconnell and nis minions would fill volumes. Tnose were in- deed dark days for liberty m the "Green Isle." it became known that on the [>th of lecembdr, 1(J8J, the Kcman tai holies proposed to massacre all 1. rotestants and this added to the terrors of the day. The terrible stoiy reached the eai-::< OJ. Lord Mount Alexander, who found on inquiry that the rumor was well founded. He did not hesitate a moment. It was clear that united action was necessary to save the lives of many thousands of innocent rntn, women and children. Well did many of the older people recollect the ter- rible massacres of l(i41, and it was dreadful to think of their repetition. Munster and. Ulster were roused, but Wie work and cost of organising fell on I he lattsr, for Munster was less prepared. At this time, too, the gal- lant sons of Derry and Enniskillen began to rouse themselves and sj gave great encouragement to the Protestant party. The preparations made by the Protestants cowed the Tyrconnell cut-throats and the dreaded day passed over without much trouble. The men of Ulster, however, did not cease the work of organization and prepara- tion for eventualities, and in the meantime the Presbyterians and some others sent addresses of fealty to King William. So far had the organization of the Protestants proceeded that in January, ICSO', the first convention was held at Mount Alexander. There have been many Irish conventions since, but probably never one frought with so much importance and so full of danger to those who attended, for every man would have been butchered had Tyrconnell been in a position to do so. At this convention the Antrim Orange Association was formed, with Hugh, first Lord Mount Alexander, and Clotworthy Sheffington, Eso.. were ap- pointed the commanders of the Asso- ciation. The following address or declaration was issued to the people : ^Vliat Aiiti-liM S:ilil. "It being notoriously known not only to the Protestant inhabitants of the northern counties, but to those throughout the whole Kingdom of Ireland, that the peace and quiet of this nation is in great _and imminent danger, and that it is absolutely ne- cessary for all Protestants to agree within their several counties upon some speedy and effectual method for their own defence and for securing as much as in them lies the Protestant religion, their lives, liberties and properites and the peace of this king- dom, which are so much endeavored to be disturbed by Popish and illegal counsellors anu their abettors. And inasmuch as union and dispatch are necessary for affectixig the same, we, the nobility and gentry of Antrim (!o assojiate together, firmly resolv- ing to adhere to the laws ot the king- dom and the Protestant religion, and to act in subordination to the Gov- ernment of England, and the promo- tion of a free Parliament ; and we do desire if we be forced to take up arms, as it be contrary to our in- clination, so it shall only be on the defensive, not in the least to invade the lives, liberties or estates of any of our fellow-subjects, no, not of the I'opish persuasion whilst they demean themselves peaceably with us. "The reasons which induce us to put ourselves in some posture of defence are so obvious and urgent upon us when we consider of the great levies made daily of Popish soldiers, and at this time especially when the King is retired, and then arming can in no wise be serviceable to His Majesty's interests, it were consistent with common prudence not to suspect their designs to be such as will tend, if not to the destruction; yet to the great endangering of the lives, liberties and properties of the Protestant subjects of this Kingdom if not prevented. And we do declare, though at present we will admit none but Protestants into our Association, yet we wiil to our power protect Papists from vio- lence whilst their behaviour amongst us is peaceable and quiet. And we doubt not but all good Protestants in this Kingdom will in their several stations join with us in the same public defence and that God will bless these, our just, innocent and necessary undertakings, for our lives, laws and religion. "And whereas it will be necessary for the successful and more effectual carrying on these mutual endeavours for the preservation of our religion and properties, and to avoid confusions and destructions which in su'^h cases may otherwise happen to appoint some eminent person or persons to whosie conduct we ma^ entirely submit our- selves in this undertaking. "We do, therefore, by these presents elecl and appoint the Right Hon. Hugh, Earl of Mount Alexander and the Hon. Clotworthy Sheffini^ton, Esq., or either of them .lointly or severally as they 8 shall think fit, to be our commander or commanders in-chief of all the forces in the County of Antrim, an I do hereby oblige ourselves to serve under their or either of their commands in such manner, place and station as they or one of them in their discretion and judgment shall direct. And that we will from time to time obey all such orders and methods for the better carry- ing on this enterprise and procuriiig of horse and foot and such numbers of men, arms and ammunition as our County Council of five shall think fit, and that with all expedition imme- diately to be arranged and formed into troops and companies and to be disposed of from time to time accord- ing to their or either of their orders, they or one of them acting with the advice and consent of the said County Council of five, or the major part thereof." This declaration was signed by Masserene, William Franklin, Arthur Upton, Robert Adair, William Lesley, Charles Stuart, Edward Harrison, John Donelson, William Cunningham, William Shaw, James McCartney, Pat- rick Shaw, William Shaw, Harry Mc- Cullogh, John Guest, George Bott- Tell, George Johnston, Henry Clem- ents, Richard Dobb, jr., William Shaw, Michael Harrison, Jauies Shaw. The County Down men chose Lord Mount Alexander as their chief also. The Down Association was added to Antrim, and the union is often re- ferred to to as the North East Asso- ciation. The organization of other counties was now vigorously begun. Lord Blaney roused Armagh and Monaghan, whilst the notorious Lundy was asso- ciated with Major Gustavus Hamilton in organizing Derry, Donegal and Ty- rone. We would like very much to dwell on the work of organizing these counties and to show how the Associa- tion leaders armed their followers, placed them in positions to be ready for all emergencies; but here we must deal only with facts pertinent to the Orange Order. Suffice to say that braver men never took up arms, and that with their bravery several of the leaders combined the necessary quali- fications! of generals, and knew how to conduct a campaign. Lundy's treach- ery from the very first worked some mischief, because he was not then suspected, but in Lord Kingston, who organized Sligo, Lundy found a man who formed his own opinion and had the courage to carry them out. Hllgo oil Itccoi'd. The men of Sligo when organized made the following declaration the bond for their Association : — We, the Protestants of the County of Siigo, at present assembled for our common safety, do hereby declare the occasion and motives of our Associa- tion and what is intended by it. 1. We resolve to adhere to the law of the land and the Protestant reli- gion. 2. We shall, as we ought, unite our- selves accordingly with England and hold to the lawful government there- of and a free Parliament. 3. We declare that our taking tip arms is only offensive, and not in the least to invade the lives, lilierties or estates of our fellow-subjects, whether Roman Catholics or others, whilst they demean themselves in peaceable manner to us. 4. Our reasons for this doing are so urgent that we could no longer with piudfncf- forljear putting ourselves in soma necessary position of defence, for the Reman ' holies arming in such vast numbers oughout all the king- dom do give us just apprehension of ill-designs in them, they pretending the King's commission for what they do; whereas we are assured that the King has commanded all Roman Catho- lics to lay down their arms, which Ave conceive should as well extend to Ire- land as to England, and, therefore, we doubt not that the leaders of the Irish army do act from their own heads up- on designs of their own, which we may .justly fear will be prejudicial to the lives, liberties and properties of the Protestant subjects of the king- dom, if not prevented. Lastlj', we declare that as we will assault uone that molest not us, so we will to our power protect all from violence, even Roman Catholics them- selves, while they behave themselves peaceably and neighborly amongst us, though we will admit none but Pro- testants into our Association until we we have ascertained from the lawful authority and Government in England what further orders we are to obey. And we doubt not but that all good Protestants in this kingdom will, where they are able, join with us in the same public defence, and that God will bless this so just, innocent and necessary undertaking for our lives, laws and religion. And, whereas, it will be necessary for the more effectual and successful carrying on of these mutual endeavors for the preservation of our laws, reli- gion and country, and the security of 9 our lives and properties and to avoid confusions and distractions, which in such cases might otherwise happen, to appoint some eminent person or per- sons to whose conduct we may entirely submit ourselves in this our under- taking. The remaining clauses of the Sligo declaration appointed Lord Kingston and the Hon. Chidley Cote as .loint commanders and pledged the Association to raise men and arms for the defe-^ice of their liberties. It may be well to mention here that the first Ulster convention was at Hillsborough, where all the county as- sociations were represented, and at that convention the plan of county and provincial lodges was put in actual practice, although of course the Or- ange Association of to-day has made many necessary changes and improve- ments in the representative lK>dies compared with that famous Hills- borough convention. When traitor Lundy ordered Lord Kingston to leave Sligo he latter re- fused until the Council sided with Lundy, and then Lord Kingston reluct- antly returned to Ball} hannon, and at the passes of the Erne iie did splendid work. Some of the Sligo men went to Coleraine, but the "hero parson," the Rev. George Walker, with the regi- ment he had raised, marched to gallant Derry. Tli4> HIiik'm MrHsnite. On January 10th, 1G89, Cap't. Leighton left Ireland as the representative of the loyalists and proceeded to London, where he laid the position of affairs in Ireland, before the Sovereign. He was; graciously received by King Wil- liam, and started back on February 10th with the following gracious mes- sage : — "Having received an account from Capt. Leighton of what he was inter- ested to represent to us in relation to the condition of the Protestants of Ireland, we have directed him to assure you in our name how sensibly we are affected with the hazards you are exposed to by the illegal power the Papists have of late usurped in that Kingdom, and that we are re- solved to employ the most speedy and effectual means in our power in res- cuing you from the oppressions and terrors you lie under, that in the meantime we do well approve of the endeavor we understand you are using to put yourselves into a position of defence, that you may not be sur- prised wherein you may expect all the encouragement and assistance that can be given you from hence. And be- cause we are persuaded that there are even of the Romish Communion many who are desirous to live peaceably and do not approve of the violent and ar- bitrary proceedings of some who pre- tend to be in authority, and we think- ing it just to make distinctions of per- sons according to their behaviour and deserts, do hereby authorize you to promise in your name to all su^ch who shall demean themselves peaceably and inoffensively our protection from such pains and forfeitures which those only shall incur who are the maintainors and abettors of said illegal authority as- sumed and continued contrary to law; or who shall act anything to the preju- dice of the Protestant interest, or the disturbance of the public peace in that Kingdom. And for further particu- lars we refer you to the report you shall receive from Capt. Leighton, who hath acquitted himself with fidelity and deligence in your concerns, of oUr intentions toward you. And so we re- comm.^-nd you to the protection of Al- mighty G'od. "Given at the St. James', the 10th day of February, 1C89. "WILLIAM H. ORANGE. "WILLIAM JEPHSON." "To the Earl of Mount Alexander, to be communicated to the Protestant gentry and nobility in the North of Ireland.' As the first Parliament of England under William met on January 22nd, 1689, ii will l)e seen that the above letter was written with the consent of the King's advisers and expressed the opinion of the English people. From the declarations of the Antrim and Sligo associations and the above letter, it is made clear that the fullest guarantees of safety and of religious liberty were offered to Roman (yatho- lics, on the one condition, of living at peace with their fellow-citizetls of the Protestant faith. This condition was openly rejected by the Romanists almost everywhere, and in places where accepted they frequently violated their pledges, and the moment they thought they could do so with safety, they at- tacked, plundered and even killed the loyalists. On the 9th, 10th and 11th of March, 1689, William, Prince of Orange, and his wife Mary, were proclaimed Sov- ereigns of Ireland. The ceremony took place at Enniskillen on March llth, and from that date until the Battle of the Boyne the gallant Enniskilleners had one continuous fight for their litevties. It was in those dark and troublous days that the value of the sec- ret associations was fully recognized. If 10 J this secret organization had not ex- ititecl the Protestants would have been at the mercy o£ any Romish spy who simply said he was a Protestant and came among them for traitorous pur- poses. The password for a time was OXFORD. It was used in this wisa:A member of the Assoc", xtion wishing to test a stranjrer would say, "Did you happen to see a stray OX to-day ?" Anyone not a member would of course answer yes or no as the case might lye, but a member would reply, "I saw one down at the FORD." In addition to the general password, which was changed as required, there were local passwords, the most popular l^eing Danby's shout as he rode into ^ork, "No Popery." It was to this cry of "No Popery" that the heroes of Enniskillen lUshed into action at Newtonliutler, and routed to enthusiasm by the shout they won a glorious victory. No wonder that even to-day Enniskillen men, whilsi honoring the memory of the Boyne, and many other Protestant an- niversaries still hold the 12th of Aug- ust to be to them as to their ancestors the greatest anniversary of all. Jsiiiicfii III IrvlaiKl. The arrival at Kinsale of the traitor King James, with 2,200 soldiers, reus- ed Tyrconnell and his vagabond army to renewed atrocities on Protestants and increased armaments among loyal- ists. In connection with the royal usurpers' visit to Dul)lin it may be well here to mention the Aldermen of Skinner's Alley, as an association of loyalists in that city was called. Some have claimed for this old and peculiar association the honor of the parent lodge of the Orange Order, but the claim is not well founded. It is now established beyond doubt that this Skinner's Alley Association was formed by the loyal Aldermen who were driven from office by Tyrconnell. They met in a room in Skinner's Alley, having some of the regalia of their office, and at their meetings they used the names and titles of the Aldermen. This or- ganization flourished for many years, and was probably, for the longer part of its career, a social affair for more than it was secret and political, and in any case it was not as we have al- ready shown the parent Orange lodge ; that honor belonging without doubt to the secret society formed amongst the officers of the 4th Foot, as it lay encamped on Hounslow Heath. The Irish Romanists now having at their head the traitor to his coronation oath, the creature of the wily Jesuits, they dubbed him Kii nr again, and had even a Parlistment called in Dublin. It would be an interesting task to dwell here on the story of the Protestant fight against their Roman Catholic per- secutors, to repeat the ever new .story of the Seige and Relief of Derry, the Battle of the Boyne and other stirring events of that period. That grand story, however, properly belongs to the historj of Protestantism, and our busi- ness is to tell the story of the Orange Order. TIm> 4;iiteN of Oorry. Tyrconnell ordered Londonderry to be occupied by McDonnell, the Roman Catholic Earl of Antrim, who had a vile rabble under him. The men of Derry were however warned in time of this intention and were soon ready. Early in December an anonymous letter addressed to Lord Mount Alexander, was found on the street of Comber, and on the 7th of December a copy of it reached Derry. It read as follows : 3rd December, 1C88. "Good My Lord: "I have written to you to let you know that all our Irish men through Ireland are sworn that on the i)th day of this month they are all to fall or to Kill and Murder Man, Wife and Child, and I desire your Lordship to take care of yourself and all others that are judged by our men to be heads, for whosoever of 'em can kill any of you they are to have a captain's place. So my desire to your Honor is to look to yourself and give other Noblemen warning and go not out neither night nor day without a good guard with you, and let no Irish man come near you whatever he be. So this is all from Him who was your Father's Friend and is your Friend, and will be tho' I dare not be known ap. yet for fear of my life." The superscription was simply "To my Lord, this deliver with haste and care." Copies of the letter or similar warn- ings reached other Protestants, and it IS doubtless true that these warnings were from Roman Catholics who had previously been treated kindly by Pro- testants. The Earl of Antrim's men were rapidly nearing the city and con- sultations were being held continuously asi to whether they should be admitted or not. The Presbyterian Minister of Glendermot, the Rev. James Gordon, was opposed to their admission, l)ut Bishop Hopkins counselled submission. In the meantime the Redshanks, as they were called, had advanced within sixty yards of the gate when nine young men, shortly afterwards joined by four others, proceeded on their own re- ■MMHMH 11 sponsibility to close the gates. Their names will live in history as long as wise and heroic deeds are honored and liberty loved. These nine young heroes were Henry Campsie, William U rook- shanks, Rol}ert Sherrard, Daniel Sher- rard, Robert Morison, Alexander Cun- ningham and Samuel Hunt. The four other young men who promptly .joined them were James Sykes, John Cunning- ham, Samual Harvey and William Cairns. These thirteen Apprentice Boys had grown tired of the wearisome discussion between parties and they decided to act- a noble part. They closed the gates of Derry on the 7th of Teceraber, 1CS8, qld style. Tliii Traitor LniHly, Yey 1 Derry gates were closed by. the decisive action of brave young men, and one of them, Campsie, was shot shortly after by an enemy's bullet so close were they to the walls. Un- fortunately all the traitors were not outside the gates, and now Lundy be- gan his treacherous work. The heroic defenders, however, were again and again saved by what may be properly called even miraculous means. Lundy's counsels were shown to be wrong, by the most marvellous escapes ; messen- gers eluded the lines of the beseigers and brought important messages to the beleagured people. In one case a mere child was the messenger. Lundy found that he was foiled at every step, and at last sneaked out of the city at the dead of night and went over to the Romish Camp. 'I'lie INiHHWord. The value of the secret organization was once more put to the test and proved itself invaluable. It had been arranged by the Rev. Dr. Walker, of Londonderry, and the Rev. Mr. Hamil- ton, of Enniskillen, that no mes- sages should pass between Lon- donderry and Enniskillen except by men who knew the secret password and token. These two knew that the common enemy would endeavor to spread false news in both places, and a passage of Scripture was selected as the test for all who came to either place. It enabled the garri- son at each place to keep each other informed on the progress of the struggle, as well as to defeat the ob- ject of the Romanists in spreading false news. The selection of Scripture was the 14th verse of the third chapter of Exodus, and the words "I am that I am ... I am hath sent me unto you." Question. — "Are you a messenger from Enniskillen?" (or Londonderry as the case might be.) Answer. — "I am.' '*Quite sure you come from Mr. Hamilton?' (or Dr. Walker.) "That I am.' "What other words do you bring?' The messenger, turning a little aside and placing his left hand on Ins fore- head, replied, "I am that hath sent me unto you.' The recognition being thus com- pleted, the message brought was ac- cepted. Another sign of recognition, for which good authority exists, was the word "Orange" used as follows: "Are you for Derry OR Ennis- killen?' "Are you AN enemy or a friend t© ask me such a question ?" "GE (pronounced almost like "go") on man, 1 meant no offence.' The words in capitals were em- phasized somewhat and so completed the test. DellvrrniK'e Coiiics. The brave men and women of Derry held the town for one hundred and five days. They were proof against a treacherous gang, led by a j)rince of traitors; they defied even Camine, preferring to die the death of heroes to sacrificing their liberties. When the Romish horde brought to the city walls the women and children they had captured and threatened to torture and kill, unless the town sur- rendered, the heroes of Derry flinched not, but prepared to retaliate by exe- cuting all the prisoners they held, and this ' old act cowed the Roman- ists and f '^.d the lives of the women and phi'. And now deliverance was at hand, for on the 3Gth of July the Mountjoy, of Derry, and the Phoe- nix, of Coleraine, two vessels loaded with provisions, came gallantly sailing on the booms which were broken, and thus was food brought to the starv- ing, heroic people. Deliverance had come, and the story of the uncomuer- ed Maiden City will go echoing down the ages and forever be an encourage- ment to those who are engaged m the conflict for right. On the night of July 31st, IPgf), the seige was raised and James, with his twenty thousand baffled and dispirited tjoops, went on to Strabane, plunder- ing and thieving as they went. I>iik(> Sriioiiihors. On August 14th, 1689, Duke Schom- berg, landed at Groomsport, near Ban- gor. County Down, with 10,000 men. and speedily Belfast, Carrickfergus and 12 other places were joyfully welcoming the liberators, whilst the Romanist army Avas mustering in Dublin and the vicinity. The winter months were full of anxiety owing to a serious outbreak of disease among the loyal- ist troops, but notwithstanding this there were many brave deeds done in relieving I'rotestants, and in this work the Inniskillingers as usual greatly distinguished themselves. James was nominally king of Ireland, but William was preparing to visit the island and secure his own. The Queen was made Regent, and the Sov- ereign set out oto his task of liberat- ing Ireland. By this time the King and Queen had, by their Christian lives and wise rule, endeared them- selves to the English people and there were many who tried to dissuade him from going to the front in the Irish campaign. His answer was that of a brave man: "I will go on with my work or perish in it." ;• At llie lloyiie. On Saturday, June Wh, 16&0, King William landed at Carrickfergus about 4 o'clock in the afternoon, and was given a great reception. He at once proceeded to Belfast, and there he was welcomed by the heroic Rev. George Walker and other clergymen with the tjoops and citizens who had gathered to the place, for Belfast itself was then only a small town with but three or four hundred houses. The Royal party attended divine service on Sun- day, and four days after he went on towards the valley of the Boyne. At Loughbrickland he began getting his army in order, and his stay in this neighborhood is yet the theme of many a lo a! story and legend. But all these we must pass over, as in fact we must many other incidents n i losely ger- mane to our story of the Orange Order. Soon the two forces, that of William numbering 36,000 men, and the army of James fully 46,000, with 20,000 more in various places near to. The Roti- ish hosts held what has been always considered an almost impregnable position. To the right was the town of Drogheda, held in force by the Romanists, to the left an impassable bog, and in front the dangerous fords of the Coyne. The foes of freedom had a brief spell of joy, for when Wil- liam was wounded as he rode among his men. Dublin and Paris shouted with delight, when it was told that the Protestant King was dead. It seemed, however, as if the belief of his followers was true, that no ball of the enemy could kill the Liberator. On the last day of June, old style, a coun- cil of war was held, and William an- nounced his determination to force the passage of the lio^ne. Many of his generals urged delay, in the face of the superior numbers and strong position of the enemy, but the King's choiw. had been made, and .so at 4 a.m., on July 1st, old style, the armies were in motion, and early in the day the fighting was general. Both sides displayed great bravery and endur- ance. In a critical moment the Duke of Schomberg, pointing his sword to- wards the enemy, said, "There, men, are your persecutors." 'And onward went the Orange forces till victory crowned them, although their gallant commander, Duke Schomberg, fell •mortally wounded, and on that ever memorable battlefield the Rev. Geo. Walker, the hero of Derry, was mor- tally wounded, as were many others of the bravest men Ireland has ever seen. From the victory of the Boyne King William pressed on to Dublin, where he attended divine service in St. Patrick's Cathedral on July 6th, old style. Other VlrlorlOH. From Dublin, William pressd on to Waterford, which was occupied, and to Limerick, which was beseiged, but not then taken, and after he had ar- ranged for the government of Ireland in a manner calculated to secure the lives, liberties and properties of the people, he returned to London on Sep- tember 4th, 1690. It is not necessary to enter into the details of work done during the autumn and winter by the officials William left in charge, suf- fice it to say that the work of consoli- dating the government, routing wan- dering bands of rebels, and an unsuc- cessful attempt to capture Athlone kept the army fairly busy, and was also of value to the Protestant militia raised in various places and employed mostly on garrison duty. The anni- versary of William's birth, November 4th, and the Gunpowder Plot, Novem- ber 5th, were both celebrated in Dublin and elsewhere with great en- thu8' sm )iy the Orangemen, as the loy ts at that time were called. Abo L January 16th, 169»1, the perse- cuting traitor Tyrconnell returned to Ireland from France, to which coun- try he fled after the Romanist de- feat at the Boyne. In the summer of the same year the loyalists suc- ceeded in capturing all the strong- holds of the Romanists. Athlone was taken on July 1st, old style. St. Ruth, the commander of the followers of 13 James, with a stroag force encamped at Aughrmi Castle, a place ever mem- orable in Orange history, and lymg about three miles from Ballinasloe. On Sunday, July 12th, after a I oi -^ t c speech to his troops by St. Ruth, de- sultory fighting began and continued until 5 p.m., when, although contem- plating a postponement of the gen- eral engagement, the loyalists, led by General Ginckle, suddenly decided on a forward movement, and after a desper- ate struggle they gained a great vic- tory, t-'t. Ruth, with thousands of his followers, being killed. Flushed with victory, General Ginckle went on to Limerick, which, after a stubborn resistance, surrendered on the 3rd of October, leftl. These three great victories in so short a time practically completed the conquest of Ireland for King William. Htrarty TrogreHH. One is almost tempted to linger over the few years of comparative quiet which followed and dream, as it were, of the great and brave men who took part in the struggles which ended in the final triumph of the cause of civil and religious liber.t(y and ensured for Britain the inestimable blessing of Protestant sovereigns. It should not be imagined, how- ever, that all the foes of freedom were those who took the field against King William. They were braver than the hidden and treacherous enemies of liberty, who met in darkness and planned murder and other secret means of thwarting the champions of free- dom. There were many secret con- spiracies formed by the Jesuits, and attempts on William's life were of more frequent occurrence than the ordinary historian cares to admit. We know now that he had secret and im- placable foes who strove to take his life again and again, but who were providentially baffled. The men of Kent were roused by one of those das- tardly attempts and broke out in wild enthusiasm over its defeat. Bonfires were lighted and bells were rung, and to this incident we owe the "Kentish Fire." In spite of all this, great progress was made in Britain, the famous Bill of Rights was passed, and in Ireland the Orange spirit was everywhere spreading, for had not its principles been bought by the blood of its best and truest members. The MliiHiow ol l»eatli. And now the shadow of death hov- ers over the royal residence. The man of iron will, of giant intellect, of gentle Christian piety, the wise states- man, the able general and the un- flinching lover of liberty was dying, and that, too, like the true Christian he was. On Sunday night, March 8th, 1702, between the hours of seven and eight o'clock, and in the 52nd year of his age, William died. His loyal, loving Queen, Mary, had died of small- pox on the 21st of December, 169»t. The closing of William's earthly career but added to the veneration in which the principles he represented were held by his followers, and they accepted as a sacred trust the task of maintaining these principles at all cost. And here it is that we begin to see the first sign of the Orange Order as we know it to-day. The OraiiKe Tree. We have ill heard the old-fashioned song beginning : Sons of Hibernia attend to my song Of a tree called the Orange, its beauteous and strong ; 'Twas planted by William— immortal is he. May all Orange brethren live loyal and free. The story we have been telling so far has been but a brief outline ot the life and labors of William, Prince of Orange, King of the United King- doms of England, Scotland and Ire- land, and who, by his wisdom and his patriotism, laid the solid foundation of the civil and religious liberty we enjoy in all parts of the Empire. And yet in the early years of his life, and even for some time after, it looked as if he was never to see the fulfilment of the longings and desires of those who loved God and sought the right to worship Him as they believed His spirit and precious Bible directs. Yet, when he was but seven years of age, his mother and grandmother had the fullest confidence in his fu- ture, and they had a medal struck on one side of which were the words, "William III., by the Grace of God, Prince of Orange and Count of Nassau," and on the reverse side, "Though the Orange Tree be fallen down, thi'=^ noble sprig has been preserved by Divine care in the bosom of Mary (his mother). Thus the father arises after his death like a phoenix in his son. May he grow, may he flourish, and in virtue excel the greatest prince, in the glory and safety of his country." History shows us how abundantly fulfilled was this prayer. Protefitniit 8o«letleH. In Ireland, we shall show as this history proceeds, the Protestants were i! * 14. i li not allowed to forget the blessings conferred on them by William's vic- tories, for ever and anon the Roman- ists would threaten rebellion, at- tack isolated Protestants wherever they dare and destroy the property of the loyalists. No wonder if thoughts of united action constantly filled their minds, and they would have been in- grates, indeed, if they had not revered the memory of the Prince of Orange. That theiy did not forget the liberator isi abundantly proved, for we know that in Dublin, at the Boyne, in Kn- niskillen and elsewhere, William's birthday, November 4th, and the an- niversary of the Boyne, were regularly celebrated. There were processions of the military and civilians, and when gradually the military were with- drawn from these gatherings, ^ the people continued the demonstrations. There were processions, church ser- vices and banquets as the committees in charge decided. The initiative in many of the demonstrations was taken by the associations of Protestants and loyalists known as the Derry, En- niskillen, Boyne and Aughrim associa- tions. In Dublin there was the Royal Society, afterwards known as the Royal Boyne Society, commonly called Or- angemen, and a higher order formed, presumably out of the former and called the Knights of the Most Glori- ous Order of the Boj'-ne. It is gener- ally believed that this Order was es- tablished early in the last century, but so secretly was it carried on that in 1880 Sir James Tennent, at onetime M.P. for Belfast, was unable to secure particulars about it through "Notes and Queries," that fountain of infor- mation. There are two paint'^d panels in existence yet representing the Knights of the Order. It had secret signs and passwords and only Protes- tants born of Protestant parents could be members. Early in this century a Boyne Club met at Tandragee, to which the late Major Stewart Blacker was taken at times by his uncle. As late as sixty years ago a Boyne Club met in Drogheda, and the membership of this club was confined to those who could trace their descent trom men who fought under King William at the Boyne. And in fact the rem- nants of the Boyne Society were merged into the present Orange Order about the year 1850 or shortly before, thus completing the link of the Order of to-day with the past. Other Pro- testant orders formed about the time the Boyne Society was called into exist- ence were also absorbed by the Orange Society, among them being the Constitutional Club of Gentlemen of the County of Kerry, County of Mayo Club, the Aughrim Club, and others. Several of these clubs met in the Tholed, in Skinner's Alley, and here they banquetted General Ginckle, the conqueror of Athlone, Aughrim and Limerick. Iiinllaiit BniMloii. We have hitherto said but little of K'llhint Bandon, called the IJerry of the South. The town sient a splen- did contingent to aid W^illiam, and this body of brave men was allied to the Londonderry regiment and did splen- did service at the Boyne and after- wards. When the news of the victory of the Boyne reached Bandon there was great rejoicings, but the climax in the jubilation was when the parish clerk of Kilbrogan, as the story goes, immediately after the First Lesson at the Sunday morning service rose and said, "Let us sing to the praise and glory of William a Psalm." It was of his own composing, the first verse being as follows: "William is come home, come home, William home is come. And now let us in his praise Sing a Te Deum,' The sentiment was loyal at any rate. Now as all students of history know Bandon suffered much before the ad- vent of WMIliam, their Romanist neighbors plundered and harrassed them on every possible opportunity and murdered men and women when able to do so. No wonder then that Bandon welcomed the advent of Wil- liam and kept him in "loving memory." Asswiations on strictly Protost.nnt lines were formed. In 1777 a Boyne corps was raised which commemorated th^ Relief of Derry, the birthday of William and the Battle of the Boyne. The citizens used to have a gathering and sham fight on July 12th just like that held at Scarva in our own day. In 17»3 Col. Bernard raised the Pan- don Loyal Legion of three companies or sections called respectively the Boyne, Union and True Blues. This aegion with other organized and trained men of the town and neighbor- hood continued to take part in the Boyne celebrations until 1809, when Col. Auriel,, the inspection officer, refused to muster the mien on the 1st of July, old style, for the usual Boyne demonstration. The legion was called together five days later, when every man appeared with an orange lily m the button-hole of his coat. Col. Auriel lectured the men on the evils of political partisanshLip and ordered I 15 Tipanies 5ly the This and larhbor- in the when officer, the 1st Boyne i called 1 every lily in t. "Col. le evils ordered them to remove the Orange emblem or lay down their arms. ii.very man of the Boyne and True lilues; com- panies laid down their arms, and so th, 1870, some magis- trates decided to prohibit the proces- sion, but the "Prentice Boys were not likely to forget their past history and their battle cry of No Surrender. On December 14th a meeting was held in the City Hall to protest against the proposed prohibition. Alter some talking the then Governor of the 'Prentice Boys, Mr. John Guy Fer- guson, arose and announced that, God willing, they would attend church on Sunday, the 18th, and hold the pro- cession as usual on the following Monday. Bro. Ferguson is surely a descendant of the hero who in 1088 told Bishop Hopkins that his sermon on passive obedience might be very good, but they had no time to listen to it, and went to help closi3 the gates. True to the Governor's de- claration the 'Prentice Boys attended divine service in the cathedral, and the Rev. T. L. Scott, senior curate, preached. The crimson flag flcated from the cathedral and all passjd off quietly. On Monday the military and police had complete control of the streets of the city, guarded the 'Pren- tice Boys band and club rooms, sur- rounded the City Hall, and watched Governor Ferguson closer than if he had lieen a Fenian. The bands play- ed several Protestant airs and to the horror and dismay of the authorities an effigy of Lundy, the traitor, was suspended from the roof of the City Hall and set on fire, amidst the cheers of the majority of the on-lookers. The bands turned out as did the Gov- ernor and officers of the 'Prentice Boys. They were at once arrested, but shortly afterwards liberat'jd with- out any other proceedings being 17 ct added 1 iJussed mtenary 1 lion. an r attack u«d, but 1 and he i IKjriod. scarcely ful cele- 8, when place entation date be- ["ho riots against d organ- i of In- d them, ed as a 8 luagis- ( proces- vere not history rrendor. vas held against .er some of the uy Fer- lat, God urch on ;he pro- jllowing urely a in 1G88 sermon be very o listen OS3 the >r's de- ittended al, and curate, flcatftd ssjd off ary and of the 'Pren- is, sur- vatched n if he .s play- to the horitiea or, was le City cheers lookers, de Gov- rentice rrested, d with- being taken, and thus the Governir of the 'PrenLiiH', lioys kept his wcird and naaininiued the riglit of the loyal citizens of Lku'ry to ceiebiato the anaivorsarit'S of the grealast days in the city's history. Soiii«> Ollirr Mo«-l<'li(>«i. In 1813 Lhero were HOvei\il acti/o an I flourLahing 'i'renLice Loys' clubs in Dubiin, and earlier there flourished for a time the society known as the Ancient and Most IJenevolent (Jrder of th« Friendly Brothers, which after- wards became the more nu.de in and most unfriendly brotherhood Ireland has e/cr known. Of course ulu'se men have never been allied with I'rotest- ants for tlwj past hundr for Wliite- hoys, in the South of Ireland, and Peep O' Diy Boys in the \orth. These latter were sometimes called Brea'c O' Day Boys becaus'^- they committed out- rages just about the hour the day began to dawn. Tlie norniilors. We Avi'l now turn to one of the vilest organizations ever known in Irish his- tory. It was called the Defenders. Its first appearance is given by Mus- grave as 1781, by Froude as 1787, whilst a constitution found on one of the leaders called Sharkey said it was formed at Louth in 178^. However, we know that on July -Ith. 1784, tv,o Protestants foughi; at Markethill, Armagh, and that a Roman Ctholic and his son helped one of them, and the defeated man vowed vengeance. The fight was renewed a few weeks later and the Roman Catholics again helped their friend, and he won. Out of this arose factions each of which called itself a fleet. These "fleets' drifted into the Peep O' Day Boys and Pefenders. It was arranged that on Whit Monday, 1785, a fight should take place near Markethill, but Mr. Richardson, the member for Armagh, with some other friends, came on the scene and stopped the scrimmage. Later events showed that the iJe- femh'rs Lo.)lc an oiLli to l>-^ true to the United States of Ireland and France. They further tojk this obli- gation, "Every loyal Prote.stant here- tic 1 shall murder, and this I do swear." Peaceable citizens were at- tacked, and aliout August a Masonic lodge, 483, at Aughnac(dy, passed a resolution protesting against the law- lessness ex'.sting owing to the action of the Defenders, and pledging them- selves to aid the authorities in main- taining order. HliltfH iiiMl IrlMli 4iiil»N. In 1788 Whig clubs were formed on sound cr nstitutional lines, but gradu- ally drifted into disloyal organizations. In October, 171>1, the first s jciety of United Irishmen was formed and this same year several demonstrations in honor of the French revolution were held under the auspices of the.se dis- loyal societies. Irish Jacobn societies appeared in ITDS, and it will be evident from what we have written that the country was in a very disturbi'd state. On July 12th, 1701, the Protestants met a superior body of Roman Cath- olics at Lisnagacd, and althcugh the Romanists were very strongly posted they were totally route! with .serious loss. On October 25th, 1793, the Rev. Richmond Butler was shot dead near his own house by the Defenders, his only offence being a sincere attempt to si'>p the t' rribl'j series oC oiitrafxes going in all over Armagh, Antrim and other Ulster counties. Tlie Itmiisr Roys. On June 24, 1794, James Wilson, a Godly well-to-do farmer of Dian, a village of Couifty Down, attended his Masonic lodge. On that day there had been a funeral of one of the Defenders, and as was usual with them the men who wiere at the funeral got drunk and began to insult and abuse the Protestants. Mr. Wilson urged his brethren of the Masonic order to aid in the protection of the oppressed Protestants, but they refused, when he turned on them and shouted "I will light a star in Dian which will eclipse you for ever." Some enemies of the Orange Order have tried to make out that Wilson, "Bauldra" Wilson, as he was called by his neighbors and friends as a token of homely friendly regard, was not a Freemason in good standing, but that slander is refuted by the fact that he was at the lodge ireetings, before, on and after the d?' i here named, took part in the proc^jedings and tliere 18 II Lh not a Vim in i\w roa^nU or any- thing «'.lw lo Hii|'P'>«"t' Uio slMn.li'r. H« wont liomo to Di.in, an 1 with tlio ttiil of isaa Jo-f and.lohn an;i Ahraham Dill, l)rotht',rs, he fonne-d tho parent OranK<'. Hoys SocU'ly, an I a iilth' later oi«m, gang v bo w»>ro cajiturcd. This ami other terrilile ileeds made the Protestants joiri (or some sort of defence. They were nightly exi^ecting a repetition of the (errors of 1(111, the year when thou- sands of inoffensive Protestant men, women and <'hildren were butchered in the most cruel and repulsive manner. We said these deeds drove I'rotestinis to organize in their own defence, iind we have also told how associations were revived, and how "Bauldra" Wilson or- ganized the "Orange Hoys." In this way we have brought our story up to the end o' the summer of 17;)5. In September the Ilom;in Catholics had grown so overlearing that murder stalked In broad daylight and life be- came a burden to the Protestants. Several small skirmishes harl taken place between t he Protestants and t he Defenders, and in the locality now known as the Diamond a crisis Mas rapidly approaching. The IMiiiiioiMl. In former years the Diamond was a hamlet, iu the f)arish of Oneiland West, Armagh, of thirteen or fourteen houses, the tenants of five of the houses being named Winter. It took its name from the fact that four roads converge in the place, namely, those leading to Loughgall. Portadown, Vern^r's I'ridge and llichhill. It was then as prosper- ous a district as the times would al- low, but the Protestants being an in- dustrious people, made the most of their opportunities. Now there are only two houses in the place, but there are several comfortable and substan- tia! farmhouses close to. Loughgall had a charter to hold two fairs, one on Ascension Day and the other on St. Bartholomevv^'s Day. Afterwards per- mission was granted to hold fairs in January, May, July, September and December. At these fairs the Roman- ists sought frequent quarrels with the Protestants of the districts, the lat- ter suffering much at the hands of the drunken rabble which came at fair times to the district, and the people of the Diamond suffered with the others. The Diamond was originally in the Lordship of Newry for civil and ec- clesiastical purposes, and being part of the lands of a Cisterian abbey, paid no tithes. It was next in the parish of Kilmore, but for the past thirty years ' villi cluhs. 1 tliiiiiiU of >ly a iii.scd ir lii'llish y'x tdii^ue is It'K-i off. 'ti evidence v)u> were : ^ terrihle join for hoy were on of the hen th(Mi- l.ant men, tcliered in e uiiuincr. roLcst inis fence, and t ions nere Wilson or- ' In this story up 1795. In lollcs )i;id murder d life lie- "otestanta. .d taken s and the lity now crisis was nd was a ind West, en houses, Lses l)eing ime from iverge in uling to r's I'ridfre prosper- vould al- g an in- nuyst of lere are )ut there substan- oughgall s, one on on St. irds per- fairs in ler and Roman- ivith the the lat- Is of the at fair )eople of ! others. in the and ec- part of paid no rish of ;y years 19 or so it has hcen in the Arolidioceso of Armagh. A numi er of its iieoplo were liUt to death by that butcliur of Rome, the notorious Dougherty, in 1(141 in the massacre of Loughgail. This is a lirief .siiet l»a.v or Kalllo. On heptemlier 18th, 1795, word was brought to the Protestants that the Uefenders, whose origin and objects we have previously pointed out, were mustering at Annamore gravel pits for an attacic on the iieacelul, loyal citi- zens of the district. The officer in command at that time was I'rieat Quigley, a notorious hater of the liriti^h. The Protestants quickly ral- lied the same day at the hill of Orana- gill. The Defenders came in regular military style from ail the surround- ing di.stri.;t:!i, carrying green flags. One flag had a while ground with sham- rock gjeen 1 order. In the centre of this flag was a female figure repre- senting a presiding goddess with a siring of beads in her hand. The m- scription underneath read as follows: "leliver us from heretic dogs, and then we will i)e free." There were several little fights before nightfall on the 18th, and a Defender named McCann was killed in Teague Town- land. On the 19th the Defenders were enilioldened by the arrival of more sup- orlers, but the same day Mr. James Verner, of Churchill, also arrived, h'lving with him a small body of North Mayo militia from Dungannon. Nego- tiations for peace were opened and in Sled part of two days. The nego- tiationi= were in Mr. Atkinson's house, one of the leaders of the Protestants. There were present Archdall Cope, RoVert Camden Cope, — . Hardy, Coun- sellor Archdall, and three priests, Tag- gart, Traynor, and McFarland. Dur- ing the negotiations word was brought that the Defenders were violating the truce and firing into the houses of Protebtants. Mr. Atkinson gave orders that only in cases of urgent necessity for self-defence were the Protestants to use their weapons. The proposal was made that the Protestants p'^'^uld dis- arm, but they, of course, ^ 1 that the disturbers of their peace and the invaders of their peaceful district should first disarm, but to this the priests would not consent, and in the meantime word had come that a large body of men were on their way to reinforce the Defen;lers. Mr. Verner, with his small body of militia, went away to intercept them and only par- tially succeeded. TlM> I Inn I Ittillh'. During the night of the 20th, the Defenders took up a position on Kaug- hart hill, the place from which they said they would fight and defeat the Protestants. On the morning of the 21st it became known that the De- fenders had made a change in their commanding officers for reasons not quite clear. Capt. McGarry, of White- cross, was put in command, with Capt. Donnolly, known as the "Switcher," as his deputy. Quigley had charge of a good sized brass gun, almost a cannon. It was the kind of gun used in larger shij) boats. It is not known whether Quigley was paciffed, for his deposi- tion from the chief command, by be- ing i)Ut in charge of the gun. It is, however, known that the Defenders had brought carts and other conveyances with them, for the purpose of carrying oif the property of the Protestants they proposed to plunder. It is also known that a quarrel arose amongst them about the ownership of the Ver- ner mansion, at Churchill, for they made sure of victory, and of owning the whole country side. The quarrel- ling was evidently ended very early in the morning of Monday, the 21st of September, for at 5 a.m. they made a furious attack on Dan Winter's house, partially destroying it, ate the food they found, and, of course, drank all the liquor. The fight then became general, and at one time; the advant- ages seemed to be with the Defenders, but the Protestants rallied splendidly, although they only numbered barely 200 to the 1,200 Defenders, and in the afternoon the men who had come on the scene boasting of what they were to do were running from the field, a helpless, defeated rabble, leaving pro- bably thirty dead on thei scene of the conflict, whilst no Pntestants were slain. As illustrating how the feeling^ of parties ran, it is told, how young Wm. Blacker, who afterwards became Col. Blacker, hearing of the mustering of the Defenders, took into hig confidence an apprentice lad named McCann, who was employed on the additions being made to the mansion at Carrick Blacker. The two youths got some of the lead being used for the roof and made bullets, which they took with them and used at the Diamond. •*i u' '! 20 T(i«« *l«lor)s' l*r«' that day bad found us, Stern and steadfast and linked as one, On God and ourselves relying, Seeking quarrel or feud with none. But all on our hearths defying. ^Vhen the enemy had fled and the wounaed on both sides had been at- tended to, the victors assembled on the green in front of, or as some say at the side of Uan Winter's house, and there and theu thanked God for the deliverance, and pledged themselves to unite from that day forward for their mutual defence and succor. They im- mediately proceeded to Loughgall, and in the evening of the day of their victory 'bey met in James Sloan's hotel, ana formed the first Orange lodge of the Order as we possess it to-day. Historic LoiisliKitli" Loughgall well deserved the honor of this famous meeting. It was here that oOO Protestants were driven into the church in November, 1641, and after being almost starved for four days more than 100 of them were butchered by a Roman Catholic mob, led l)y the notorious Dougherty, The remainder were stripped naked and driven into the country, many of them being killed by their persecutors. There are many families still in and near Loughgall who are descendants of those who foughl at the Diamond, and who foru-el the first Orange lolges. The gable of the old church, the scene of the Dougherty massacre, .still stands, and every inch of the ground round the whole district is sacred to the lovers of civil and religious lil)erty. Mr. James Sloan, in whose house the conquerors met, was an intelligent well-to-do man, and highly respected by all who knew him. It has been said that the house where the ever mem- orable gathering to >k place was pulled down, but this is not so. The house of "Little Jimmy" Sloan was pulled down, but the inn kept by_ the James Sloan of Orange fame remains. It was left by James to his son George, who, in turn, left it to his son James, and the latter sold it about thirty j'ears ago to Mr. Jackson. Lodges met regu- larly in the place until the Grand Lodge of Ireland forbade meetings in jmblic houses. The sign-board, at the time of the purchase by Mr. Jackson, was a picture of King William on horseback. The fronf door opened into a hallway, which ended in a small room over-look- ing the garden. Many a man was in- itiated into the .secrets of the Order in that liack garden. At the first meeting, the night of victory, there were present, as we shall see present- ly, the men who took the early war- rants for lodges, and many other stout Protestants. Tliv Fii-Hl Uiiri-aiit. Deeply interesting would a full re- uon of the discussions over organiza- tion have been, and we are sure they all admired the manner in which the Orange Boys, under "Bauldra" Wilson, of Dian, kept tof^ether and fought during the day. Doubtless Wilson, Sloan, Winters an I other brave lellows, had much to say, l)ut finally agreed on (he form of organization. IJes>ides those whose names are men- tioned in warrants there were many others present at Sloan's, and took part in forming the early lodges. Among those were Simon, John and Sampson Prescott, and Samuel Milligan of Cran- na-Gael, Henry Sinnamond, William Crockett, John Templeton, and his two sons. But here we should mention that at the first meeting at Loughgall, the link l;etween the military lodges and the new order was completed by the j;resence of Col. Sheldrake, an old Orange, and rumor says, a Britannia Society man. At a later meeting Cai)t. Cramp, a similar old military lodge man and Protestant society man was present, and l)oth gave very valuable aid to the organizers. treasurer was Mv. John Derry Crew, and ;;: rand- John Pre.ston, on^^ of ikd- distinguished citizens of at one time ]\'ayor. Belfa.st The first I'reston. of father of Sir fast's most which city he was He gave evidence before the Riots Commission and nover hesitated to declare his Orange principles. The joint secretaries at the meeting wore Messrs. Henry Spencer, of Causnagh, near Loughgall, and Bernard Lamb, of Druminis, near Hamiltonsbawn. The authority to organize lodges was given under a written order or vv'ar- rant signed by Jam<^s Sloan, and short, indeed, were these same warrants. They were written on small pieces of paper, apparently scraps gathered to- gether from Sloan's store. Col. Black- er showed the Orange commission a warrant which read as follows: "No. Eighty-nine, Tinakeel, July 7th, 1798. James Sloan. To be renewed in the name of Daniel Bulla, Portadown Dis- trict." I 21 3ver-Iook- 11 was in- he Order the first ry, there '■ present- irly war- her stout . full re- organiza- 3ure they ^hich the " Wilson, d fouglit ; Wilson, e fellows, igreed on are men- jre many took part Among Sampson of Cran- Wiliiam i his two ;ion that igall, the dges and d by the an old Britannia meeting military society ave very rs. Ir. John I triand- -^ of B(i\- izens of e ^'ayor. I^elfast hesitated les. The (no: were uisnagh, d Lamb, bawn. dges was or war- ed short, I'arrants. pieces of lered to- il. Biack- lission a vs: "No. h, 179S. in the )wn Dis- The copy of a later warrant is sup- plied by the late Mr. Edward Kogers. It reads as follows: — "One hundred and seventeen, "Armagh, August 14lh, 17%, "James Sloan.' Thi.' Btory gcfcs that alter it v»a3 decided to issue warrants, the Diamond men a> nt out to get pen, ink, ;ind paper, ad in their absence .sLv. Wil- son, of Dian, came in and asked for a warrant. Sloan told him the Diamond men had gone for writing maLeiial, when Wilson said the first warrant should not be written with man-made materials, and he got a twig from a hysop tree, with which Mr. Sloan made out the warrant. When the iJia- mond men returned and found the No. 1 warrant issued, they refused for a time to take a warrant at all, but finally accepted No. 118. The truth of the matter probably is that the Orange Boys who had done such splendid work and had an or- ganization were turned into \o. 1 lodge of the Orange Order, ana that the men of the Diamond, generous and brave as they ahvays were, allowed those from a distance, and the impa- tient ones, to have warrants as iiuick- ly as Sloan could make them, whilst they themselves waited until the rush was over. TiM> l/ii«-k.y s. ThoKe early warrants were issued as follows : — No. 1, to James Wilson, of Dian, founder of the Orange Boys Society. No. 2. to Thomas Sinclair, a substan- tial farmer and capable public man of rerryscollop. County Armaprh. No. 3, to a Mr. Bartley, tailor, of Derryaughill. a hamlet between Moy and Blackwater. It is said that on getting the warrant, Mr. Bartley swam the flooded Blackwater in his anxiety to reach home quickly with the precious document. The lodge then founded is still working. No. 4, to Mr. Lockhart, of Knockna- cloy, Tyrone, and hLs descendants are still in the district. The lodge is now at Benburb, in the sam,e county. No. 5, was given to Robin Irwin, of Kinego, County Armagh. No. 6 ■\\Teflit to Killilea, but the name of the holder of the first warrant can- not now be discovered. No. 7 went to the redoubtable Thomas Lecky. of Breagh, in County Armagh. He fought valiantly at the Diamond, and it is a legend of the times that he arrived just as No. 7 warrant was being prepared, and with a flourish of his great blackthorn, declared he would have that number or know the reason why. No one dis- puted his claim. No. 8 was secured by Richard Robin- son, of Tinakeel. No. i> went to Pcrtadown, and is also still alive. No. 10 went to a Mr. Templeton, and the number is still in the Dorta- down district. It was this Mr. Tem- pleton who gave the Purple Degree. No. 28 went to Jemmy Sloan, of Loughgall, and, although it has had many ups and downs, it is still work- ing. No. 33 went to a spot near the Dia- mond—Grange O'Neiland— Mr. George Innis being the fortunate holder of the document. No. 40 is alive, and works still in Portadown district. No. 85 was given to one of the joint secretaries at Sloan's, Henry Spencer, of Causnagh, near Loughgall. No. 118 was S3cur od by the other joint secretary at Sloan's, Bernard Lamb, at that time residing at Druminis, near Hamiltonsbawn, but afterwards at Castleran, near the Diamond. The lodge is still working at Sumner's Island. One of the original members was Dan Winters, who after the battle was known as "Diamond Dan." It is admiitted generally that the warrants cost one pound, two shiilin,gs and ninepence — that was the value of the old guinea. Some say the price was two guineas and a half, but, in any case, the intention was to en- sure that the warrants only went into the hands of substantial men. The first seals were not very artistic, but they represented Kin,breviated ister, bec- pointment t. In 1800 •easonable •bligation, g of the the obli- follows:— sincerely n .t, nor the soci- men, nor men who or the I. That I crecy to )le or se- e obliga- stringent ), and at d in Dub- e obliga- ith of al- ration m- a few otestants the loyal- criminal Catholics sings of a, and in the sub- i against There is delivered he IS al- Order as oubt ex- made a his son It must hat Dr. s writers Society, pay five ? certain itory of 3 speech, en in the lehvered, 3ively by Thomas e of the at that r was to records ry little ers were Thomas wrote a letter about the year 1835, challenging any atom of proof that Orangemen caused trouble. The chal- lenge remains unanswered to this day. In the parliamentary proceedings of ITJCi no mention is made of any offences by Protestants or Orangemen, and there are references to crimes by others. This should settle once for all the stupid and falsa charge that the first organized members of our present Orange Order committed crime. Tli« ViMMiiaiii-y. In 179G the ytjomanry of Ireland was formed as a sort of mounted volunteer force for the defence of the country and to aid in keeping the peace, which was threatened by the Roman Catho- lics who daily expected French aid. The oath of the Yeomanry was of course one of complete submission to the proper authorities and unfalter- ing loyalty to the Crown and Con- stitution. It was only by committing perjury that Defenders and United Irishmen could join, but they did not scruple at that. One of them who joined was hanged for a base act of treachery. He was sent with a de- spatch to General Lake, but he de- liberately Avent to the insurgents m Wexford and delivered there the im- portant message. When the Roman- ist libellers said the Yeomanry were Hot loyal, a secret inquiry by Parlia- ment was held, and it was shown that only a few Romanists were disloyal, and the great body of the force re- ceived thanks for their services. In their ranks were many Orangemen and Moira Yeomanry L.OL. No. 554 is justly proud of its origin m the Yeomanry company raised by Mr, James Sharman Crawford, of Moira. We need not dwell on the miserable story of the landing of the French invaders at Bantry, on January 2nd, 17^7, with Wolfe Tone strutting about in French uniform. It came and went, and the story is told in the his- tory of the Empire. Suffice it to say here that the Protestant Yeomanry did their duty in defence of their country, as did the Orangemen. l>ii|illciilo Xiimltoi's. As might l)e expected, there are missing numbers, owing to lodges hav- ing ceased to exist. There are also several duplicate numbers ; among these are Nos. 7, 11, 181 and 228. These duplicates arose through various causes, such for instance as mixing the numbers of the Purple Degree Lodges, and Primary, the issuing of some English warrants, to the fact that the Ulster Grand Lodge was in abeyance, and in reviving the lodges numbers were mixed. Another cause of duplicating was the issuing of warrants from Dublin and by the Armagh Secretary, in which county the Grand Lodge originally existed. The fact of possessing a warrant, however, Vhich was correct, was, and is all that was necessary to be legal and entitled to hold the lodge. The Order by the beginning of 1196 was progressing rapidly. The advice of Mr. Templeton was of great value in the work. Mr. James Hunt, of Lis- burn, did a great deal to spread the Order in Antrim. He was assisted by the Rev. Philip Johnston, the Rev. Dr. Cupples, Messrs. Watson, Coulson and others. At Belfast Mr. Hart was assisted by Messrs. Henry Moore, E. May, jr., Major Fox and others. In Tyrone the opposition was strong, but in the spring of 1798 Mr. Thos. Boyd, of Killycoran, got a warrant and the Order slowly progressed. John Emmerson brought the first warrant into Fermanagh early in 17;-^. It was No. 173, at Rosslea. The next day after the Rosslea lodge was opened Mr. John Johnston went back with Mr. Emmerson for a second warrant, and the number of th's second war- rant was 184. This pro/es how quick- ly warrants were being taken up. These lodges are still working. An- other old lodge in this district is No. 315. The first Master was Mr. Samuel Johnson, farmer. The first Treasurer was Mr. David Beatty, of Lisbellow. The records of the lodge show that in 1796 there were 198 members on the roll, Lord Cole and other promin'^nt men being of that number. At the same time the Purple list had 149 names. The minutes show that Wil- liam Haire was exipelled for associat- ing with the United Irishmen. Tlio I ii-st lliiiroriii. The first actual reference to a uni- form appears in the records of this lodge. It is in the following form:— "December 4th, 17»8— Resolvt -That there should be a committee held in David Beatty's, on Monday, ye 10th, 179i8, in order to take into considera- tion of mode of Dress for this county. The committee appointed for such business is as follows, and to trans- act other business :— William Chart- res, Aughnaloo; Wm. Montgomery, Drumreany; Wm. Chartres, Curragh ; Jas. Crawford, Kilmore ; Walter Scott, Lisbellaw; James Dane, Drunard; John Ha 11, Tattyneacall ; Henry Dix- on, Lislea ; John Thompson, Shanco ; James Blac'c, Clogheur ; Robert Shaw, 2h J !1 ill! iilli li ill' Lisbeilaw; and John F ivis, Drumud. tigne.l.by order o£ theji-oster, Ifamuel Johnston.'" The Yeomanry and militia dii a ycod deal towards spreadini^^ the cause in the south and other parts of Ireland. I'lif l*r«M-4>s>>ioiis. Regularly organized piocehsion^ oi Orangemen began on the 12th of .iuiy, 17%. At many places the gatherings were very small. Two Icxlgfes >uet at Kilevan. At liullagh, Tyrone, > nly fifteen members turned out. At Lui- gan, however, more than 2,000 i)eople assembled, when one of the Queen's County militiamen killed an Orange- man named McMurdle. For the crime the militiaman was convi.,t3d of man- slaughter, burned on the hand and then discharged. Banners of various descriptions were carried, and several of these had a picture of King William en horseback. In 1772 Mr. Cope raised a regiment of mi'itia. antl his sister made, a silken banner for the corps. This lianner was presented to Little Jemmy bloan's lodge. No. IGl. Derryscollop Lodge No. 2 had donations from Lieut. Sinclair and Major Dal ton for a banner. The Roman Catholics have often said that these demonstrations caused trouble, but that was only true when they interfered with the processionists. Hugh ]\rcCall, in his honk on "Staple ■\ranufactures of Ireland,' shows how the Orangemen protected even priests from the turbulent classes. Each County, or two or more united Counties, had a system of self-govern- ment for the lodges in the jurisdic- tion. Thomas Verner was the first Master of the United Counties of Tyrone Fermanagh, an^ TiOndonderry. The Grand Lodfre of "Boyno men commonly called Orangemen" of An- trim, was comp<"sed as follows: — Dr. Wi'liam Atkinson of Del fast. G.M.- the Rev. Phi ip Johnson ('17V Pallyma.'ash, G. Chap.: Wm. Hart. Li".biirn G. «ec. Beside the Grand officers the General Committee consi«'ted of Edward Hogg, 354. Lisburn : Thomas :\rcCully, 224, SoldierstowB : Michael Boomer. 137, Deriaghy; Stephen Daniel. 238, Bel- fast. James Innis. 152, Lisburn; 'ohn Johnston 224. Lisburn ; Thos. Briggs, 121. Maze: Wm. Johnston, 143, Bal- linderry: Thomas Shillington. 403, Aehagallon. and William Murphy, 140, Magheragale. <)n:i1lfirattniiiim1 FtiKli. Reader.s of course irnow that at this reriod Ireland had a separate Parlia- meni and laws of its own. which ac- counts for the fact that the early seals of the Order had the crown and harp combined. The lodges opened and clos- ed with prayer. The mottoes were for seals. l)anners and certificates almost always the words**for Crown. Country. Constitution and Fnith." The Order was thi^s religious, loyal and Protest- ant to the core, the foe of no true patriot, but the friend of all good citizens. Every effort was made to keep the meml.ership exclusively for the sober, honest, God-fearing people, who, loving right, were determined at al! costs to preserve the liberties they and their forefathers had won. There were now very dark days in store for many Protestants. The re- liellion, which had smouldered long, burst out at last, and Irish and French Romanists, were joined in an effort 25 3TE FOR love and y Maker; nd happy jdience to eady faith convinced r l)etween offended "an be no I cpinpas- t^ous and Id be an ality anl I jet hun mprovina: le regarti m 1 a sin- its pre- the honor a hearty ess ; but God only rsing and ae of God ) ; taking jrage it lorn and actions, ence his 'y t)e the stri'-tost ^servance temper- ?sned be- iame sen- es copied h. t at this I^arlia- '^hirh ac- arly seals ind harp and clos- were foi' i almost Country, le Order Protest- no true all good made to vely for a people, nined at ies they 1. days in The re- ed long, I French n effort to crush out the Protestant religion in Ireland. The rebel United Irishmen made an appeal to the Orangemen to join in the revolt. Grand Master Atkinson took action to circumvent the rebels, and with military aid did arrest some conspirators in Belfast. A con- ference of Ulster Orangemen was held at Armagh, with Mr. James Sloan, of Loughgall, in the chair, when the rebel ar-iJeal was indignantly rejected and a solemn declaration made that the Orangemen would do their utmost in defence of King and Constitution, to retain Protestant supremacy, to maintain law and order, and defend themselves from attack. I'oii.siilrulors 4'aiii:lit. Events rushed after each other rapidly, and the traitors to King and countrj' were busj', but the Govern- ment was not idle. On February 28, 1798, Priest Quigley, who was at first in command of the Defenders, was ar- rested at Margate, England, with trea- sonable documents in his possession. He was in disguise and going under the name of O'Coigley. He was tried, found guilty of treason, and on June 7th hung as a traitor. On March 12th, 1798, Capt. Swan, an Orangeman, captured the fifteen Leins- ter re!;el delegates in Dublin. On May I9th, 1798, Lord Edward Fitzgerald, whose Roman Catholic wife got him to .ioin the rebels, was captured, after a desperate resistance, in which he received wounds which proved fatal on June 4th, 1798. Capt. Rj'an, an Orangeman, who assisted at the caiiture, was fatally wounded by Fitzgerald, and died twelve days after the struggle. Capt. Swan and Town Major Sirr, both Orangemen, assisted at the capture. It had leen planned that on May 23rd, 1798, the reliellion should openly commence. This decision was come to aft a conference held at Harold's Cross a month earlier. The first skirmish was at Rathfarnham, three miles from Dui)lin. The tactics of the rebels were soon made clear. They liegan and con- tinued the whole struggle, by the most atrocious butcheries of Protestants. The story of those terrible days need not be dwelt on at any length, be- yond what is pertinent to the history of the Order. Suffice it to say, that at Dunboyne and Prosperous the Pro- testants were killed wherever found. The same story can be told of many- places all through the south and west of Ireland, and wherever the rebels had a chance to commit these outrages. On Saturday, May 26th, Priest John Murphy, of Boulavogue, led the re- volt in that district, laid seige to En- niscorthy, and finally encamped with his rei)el host on Vinegar Hill. The cruelties the priest's army committed on Protestants are beyond description. There were 230 prisoners in Sculla- bogue barn, and all were ordered to le icilled. The order was given by Priest John Murphy. Thirty of the prisoners were lifted on pikes and held until dead, and then the barn was set on fire, and the remaining one hundred and nintey-nine burned to death. At the trial at Wexford, on Septemlier 12th, 1799, of \Vm. Fenton, one of the men charged with some of the of- fences, it was proved that when it thundered during the killing of a Pro- testant, one of the rebels said that "God was sounding his horn of joy because an Orangeman was killed." Another remark was "Come on, lioys, to the camp (Priest Murphy's on Vine- gar Hill), we have sent their souls to hell." On June 20th, 1798, the butchery of Wexford Bridge took place. Two pikes were stuck in the back and two in the breast of each Protestant, and the four pikemen then threw the body over the bridge. The rebels had a banner with the letters "M.W.S." on it, which has generally Ijeen accepted as meaning Murder Without Sin. On June 21st General Lake attacked Murphy's host on Vinegar Hill and defeated it. Priest Clinch, one of the chief officers among the rebels, being killed. Oraiige L»yalt.y. There were many other exciting in- cidents in the South, North and West, but we can only mention briefly the troubles in the North, where the rebels were equally cruel when opportunity offered, as witness the burning alive of Hugh McKee and family at Saint- field, the Donaghadie and other trage- dies, in which Protestants were killed, simply because they were Protestants. No wonder if at times nen's blood ran wild, as they learned of these atrocities, and no doubt in some cases a terrible vangeance was enacted. Few men living to-day would have re- frained from retaliation, but there are records of but very minor offences of this description against the loyalists, and not one against any organized body of Orangemen. Many ble, but misguided men, joined the rebels in Leister, but most of them left when they found out the real character of the rebellion. On June 11th, General Nugent, in com- mand of the King's forces in the North, issued a proclamation offering 26 1 ' i m ^ pardon to all who surrendered, hut if the surrender did not take place promptly he declared he would destroy all houses and execute all the people he caught. It was a cruel order, and many innocent people suffered. This is the only official act of harshness recorded, and it has never heen con- cealed or attempted to be justified by the loyalists. On the 12th and 13th of June the Battle of Ballynahinch was fought, the rebels were defeated and Munro, their captain, eventually captured by three Orangemen, and afterwards ex- ecuted at Hillsborough. We have mentioned the fact that Orangemen took part in the work of suppressing the rebellion, and will close this part of the narrative l)y reciting some other incidents to prove that members of the Order were then, as now, loyal to the core. Several memliers of No. 430, of Inch, joined General Nugent. At Lisburn 400 Orangemen enrolled for the King's ser- vice. The orders of the day of several regiments show that at Belfast and elsewhere Orangemen did full duty like the regular soldiers, and were often detailed for active service. At Castlereagh Orangemen and Yeoman did duty together. At Fermanagh the Orangemen were summoned lor duty by the Secretary, just as he would summon a special lodge meeting. On September 17th, 1798, John and Archi- bald Johnston were expelled from Lis- bellaw Lodge for refusing to mount guard. In a letter doted August 14th, 1815, Jas. D. R. Clelland said that although he was not an Orangeman he could, of his own personal knowledge, testify that thej bravery of the Orange con- tingent saved the York Fencibles from utter destruction at the skirmish at Saintfield. For conspicuous liravery at Colooney on September 4th, 1798, Arch. Armstrong was made Colonel of the 71st Regiment. He had 28 Orangemen in his company, all from the lodge of which he was Master. The members of the Orange lodge, aided l)y twenty militiamen, held Borris against the rebels. Capt. Gowan's Yeomanry L.O. L. 40(i was initiating Lieut. George T. Johnston when they heard the soldiers go by on their way to attack the rebels. The lodge at once adjourned and did much to defeat the rebels at Ballyellis on November 20th, 1798. On August 22nd, 1798, further de- tachments of French tro'^^ps landed at Killala, and this roused the rebels of that district to great enthusiasm and many cruelties on Protestants were committed. The rebels, led by one Humbert, pressed on until they reached CasLlebar, where they met some loyal troops, but \vith the loyal- ists were, most unfortunately, volun- teers from Galway and Longford, and Kilkenny militia, all Roman Cath- lics, and these ra[)idly retreated, so thai it was customary to refer to that skirmish as Castlebar Races, but the Orangemen fought well. The I'^rench General issued a bombastic proclama- tion forming a government for Con- naught, but as already noted he met disaster at Colooney, where the gal- lant Orangemen, under Archibald Arm- strong, did such splendid service. At Sligo the Roman Catholics made com- mon cause with the rt')els, but the Orangemen rallied in delrnce of their homes and were joined by the IMeiho- dists, who came to the rescue singing hymns. At Ballynamuck the rebels me I disaster, and there again Orange- men and Protestants distinguished themselves greatly on the loyalists' side. In September the British squadron caught the French fleet, fought and defeated it and took the La Roche into Lough Swilly, where the French had planned to land, and so they did, but as prisoners. Wolfe Tone was on board the La Roche, dressed as a French officer. He was recogni^e'l one day at dinner, was charged with treason, sent to Dublin, tried and condemned to he executed. He cut his throat the night before the date fixed for his execution, and after lingering a week died from the self-inflicted wounds. Napper Tandy, the sneaking rebel, always ready to save his own skin at the expense of others, was arrested, but whined and prayed for pardon till he got it as is generally supposed, because he gave others away. The writer of this would have been gla could the exigencies of the the case nave permitted details of how the gallant Orangemen saved Newton Pirry, how they fought and died at Three Rocks, Ross, Wexford and Ark- low, and how many of their loved ones suffered on that "Bloody Friday" round Gorey. As we have said all these stories would form instructive reading, and with others would fill large volumes. All that we can say now is that every man who had taken an Orange obligation did his duty to his King and country. How great had been the services of the Yeomanry, almost all of whom are Orangemen, is made clear by the fol- lowing general order, issued on Sep- tember g-th, 17C8, by the commander of 27 Is, led by intil thoy they met the loyal- ly, volun- Longford, nan Cath- reated, so er to that 3, but the le I'^ench proclama- for Con- id he met i the ^^al- bald Arm- rvice. At nade com- but the 3 of their be aiel ho- le singing i;he rebels 1 Orange- ;inguished loyalists' squadron ught and [ia Roche le French they did, e was on sed as a rni^erl one h treason, iemned to iroat the for his ? a week tvounds. ng re))el, 1 skin at arrested, irdon till supposed, y- lid have es of the Is of how I Newton died at xnd Ark- jved ones Friday" said all structive ould fill can say ad taken duty to rvices of v^hora are the fol- on Sep- lander of the Royal troops. In it he said the corps of Yeomanry in the whole country through which the army has passed have rendered the greate3t ser- vice, and are entitled to the acknow- ledgments of the Lord Lieutentint, from their not having tarnished that courage and loyalty which they dis- played in the cause of their King and country by any act of wanton cruelty towards their deluded fellow-subjects. It was not considered good politics for the State officials and the mem- bers of the Government to say much about the services, of the Orangemen, and they had to be largely content with the knowledge that they did their duty. Malevolent opponents and time-serving politicians have tried to minimise the services of these l)rave men, but the records of the day and the never-dying, never-sleeping vigi- lance of the leaders of the Order have secured the recognition from poster- ity, which was only partially given at the time. If necessary a large volume could be filled with such instances, but enough has been said to show that loyalty always distinguished members of the Order. Small wonder if the Orangemen of those days doubted the loj'alty of Roman Catholics. Small wonder, also, if they harboured harsh thoughts of Rome and her ways, and still smaller wonder if they were found loyal to the Order, determined to maintain it, and to hand it down to their children as a bulwark of safety. 4iir:iiMl LodKO Foi'iikmI. The necessity for a central body to weld the various lodges into a power- ful organization was felt as early as the beginning of 1796. A prelimin- ary meeting, without authority from the lodges was held at Portadown on July 12th, 1790, and the question of forming a Grand Lodge was sent to the primary' lodges for their decision, the result of which was to be laid be- fore an adjourned meeting. The lodges favored the formation of a central governing body or Grand Lodge, and the adjourned meeting was also held at Portadown on July 12th, 1797, and therfe the first duly authorised Grand Lodge was formed, these officers being elected : Capt. Wm. Blacker, Grand Master, Armagh. Thomas Verner, Grand Master, Ty- rone, Derry and Fermanagh. Dr. Wm. Atkinson, Grand Master, Antrim. Thomas Seaver, Grand Treasurer, Armagh. David Verner, Grand Secretary, Ar- magh. John Crossle, Grand Secretary, Tyrone, William Hart, Grand Secretary, Antrim. Mr. Wolsey Atkinson, Acting Secre- tary. II. was ordered that— 1st. All lodges shall pay the annual sum of threepence for each member to defray the various expenses in- curred by Mr. Atkinson in the issuing of warrants. 2nd. No lodge shall be held without a warrant, to be signed by Mr. Wolsey Atkinson, and a seal with the likeness of King William affixed thereto. (irriit llriaoii.stnitioiiM. On the same day the Belfast Orange- men held a great demonstration, at which military of all ranks and the members of the Order were reviewed by General Lake. The Orangemen carried banners. The "Protestant Boys" was played to the tune of Lilli- bulero. The General left the same day for Lurgan, going by way of Lisburn, where he also saw an Orange parade, at which the memlTers of lodges 104, 121, 128, 136, 137, 138, 140, 152, lOi, 170, 207 and 354 were present, with many military. The Masters and Secretaries were at the head of each lodge, and the lodges were in order of seniority of warrant. The open Bible and war- rant of the lodge were carried, and fully 30,000 people assembled. The County of Armagh Orangemen mustered in Lurgan. The Govern- ment, was anxious to know the strength of the loyalists, and young Mr. Blacker did his best for a good muster. It is said that 30,000 men, including mili- tary and Orangemen, paraded, and that fully 60,000 people were present in Lur- gan Park. General Lake got a great welcome. The County Tyrone men met at Stewartstown, and were assaulted by some Roman Catholics of the Kerry regiment of militia, but they held their own, a sergeant and three privates be- ing wounded. From these facts it will be seen that the Order had grown enormously in less than two years, and that the Gov- ernment had a great reserve of loyal- ists to draw on in case of trouble. As we have already seen, that trouble was even then drawing to a head. T«» l>iil»llii Now. On March 8th, 1708, a meeting to aid in the better organization of the Order was held in Dublin, at which r- :i!i I I illli! iNi 28 a number of representatives from lodges were present. Thomas Verner was in the chair. It was decided to have a Grand Lodge for all Ireland, to meet in Dublin. The counties were all divided into convenient dis- tricts, the District Master to be chosen by the Masters of i'rimaiy lodges in that district. Each county was formed into a county lodge, com- posed of the District Masters of the county. It was also resolved that the Grand Lodge of Ireland should be formed by members to be chosen by ballot by each County Gran I Lodge, and that the Grand Masters of Coun- ties, District Masters and Masters of lodges in Dublin, on account of their residence, should be members, and that all Masters of County Lodges should be admitted as honorary mem- bers, and that each regiment having one or more numbers should have a power of choosing one member by ballot to be a member of said Grand Lodge. The resolutions then further pro- vide that the Grand Lodge elect its own Grand Master, who, with the Grand Lodge members and the Masters of County, District and Primary liodges, were to be elected annually, and that the Grand Lodge of Ireland should meet as near as possible to the 1st of July, (old style), as it was found possible. The meeting then atljournsd until Monday, the 9th of April, 1798. The first Orange lodge opened in Dublin was No. 175. It met regular- ly at Harrington's, nn Grafton street, and many of Ireland's best and brav- est sons joined. There is a list of seventy or eighty names still in exist- ence which proves this, for in that list there are five Verners, every one of whom served his country faithfully; then there comes such names as Major Hamilton Archdall. John C. l^.^rf.s- ford, M.P.; E. A. McNaunrhten, M.P.; Rev. John C. Beresford, Mnjor W. H. Swan, Henry Vaughan Brot^k, Earl of Annesley, Earl of Athlone, who was admitted by acclamation ; Vipomnt Northland, of Dungannon; Hon. Thos. Knox. M.P. for Dungannon ; the Earl of Kingston, and others. As arranged, the Grand Lodge met on April Hh, 1798, in Dublin, in the hous^ of Thomas Verner. The Marouis of Drogheda and many other promi- nent men were present. Brothers Samuel Montgomery and Harding Gif- fard were appointed to frame a code of rules. A good deal of routine business was done, the chief of which was to in- crease facilities for issuing warrants, a work aa we shall see directly in- volved a good deal of labor. The Grand Lodge then adjourned until November 80th, 17i;8, when the two brothers appointed to deal with the rules were to be ready to re[iort. llii|il. Now, let us for a moment see how the work of organizing had gona on. It is not possible to say just how many lodges were in working order at this particular moment, an 1 our T-eaders will of course have seen that hen the party who got a warrant ceased to be in the position of Master the warrant was changed to the then Master. Of the Order we know that Mr. Edward Rogers, for many years Grand Secretary for County Arma;,h, thought that by the end of 17!>^ there must have been 070 lodges in the home Counties of the Diamonil. He was able to give a partial list of some of the new warrants issued to lodges as follows: — No. 2, Loughgall, to James Verner, No. 3, Loughgall, to Chas. Munro. No. 7, l^ortadown, to John Creery. No. 10, Portadown, a military march- ing warrant. No. 12, Lurgan, Capt. Blacker. No. 13, Portadown, John Gardiner. No. 14, Loughgall, John Jackson. No. 15, Lurgan, Henry Greer. No. 16 Lurgan. Wm. Emerson. No. 21, Loughgall, Thomas Mc- Cracken. No. 22, Lurgan, James Best. No. 23, Lurgan, John Graham. No. 24, Lurgan, John Hara. No. 26, Lurgan, Wm. Fisher. No. 27, Lurgan, Richard Wilson. No. 35, Portadown, Richard Robin- son. No. 36, Loughgall, James Sloan. No. 41, Lurgan, John BRst. No. 43, Lurgan, Jas. Turkington. No. 44, Lurgan, Wm. Madden. No. 46, Lurgan, Jas. Wilson. No. 48, Lurgan, John Greer. No. 54, Renhill, John Foster. No. 57, Lurgan, Andrew Curry. No. 63, Lurgan, Wm. Mach.assy. No. 82, Lurgan, Thos. Sheppard. No. 85, Loughgall, Henry Spen-er. No. 91, Lurgan, Gowliston Lutton. No. ini. Loughgall, Thos. Obre. No. 103, Lurgan, (reo. Douglas. No. 104, Loughgall, John Locke. No. 106, Loughgall. John Brownlee, No. 109, Armagh. Thos. Jackson. No. 122. Tandragee, military warrant for Armagh militia. No. 123, Lurgan, Geo. Baird. No. 161, Loughgall, James Sloan. 29 ? Mairunls, irectly in- tbor. Tlie •ned until n the two 1 with the re[)ort. at see how (1 gon3 on. just how kinj? order , an I our s seen that a warrant of Piaster the then know that lany years y Armaj^h, n»^ there 3 in the n;!. lie was t of some 1 to lodges es Verner. .. Munro. 1 Creery. iry niarch- icker. Gardiner, Jackson. :'eer. ^rs')n. jmas Mo- st. ham. a. sher. Wilson. rd llobin- iSloan. !St. int^ton. Iden. n. er. ter. urry. hassy. ppard. pen-er. Lutton. Ihre. s:las. Locke. Drown lee. ckson. ' warrant i. Sloan. No. 102, Verner's Bridge, Loughgall, David Verner. No. 17t, Market Hi!l, Hugh Mathers. No. 204, Lurgan, Wm. An'ierscn. No. 229, Keady, James Hughes. No. 222, Market Hil, marching war- rant for Armagh militia. No. 312, lUchill, military warrant to 13th Dragoons, and then to Bdth Re- giment. No. 550, Lurgan, the Rev. Holt War- ing. No. 072, Armagh, Henry Sling. At IViitci'loo. Warrant No. 11 was claimed by Down and Armagh, anl it has a roman- tic history. It was no doubt issued by James Sloan, of Loughgall, on the night of the victory of the Diamond, and probably renewed in 17*J8. S«me have cJaimed that its original date was June 4th, 179*3, but though on the face of the document, it is so clearly an error, or a date marked lor some other purpose, that it is not worth while even discussing it. Mr. Woods, who first claimed this old date for the warrant, was himself born ( n that very day, June 4th, 1793, and was in- itiated at Ballyvalgin on July 12th, 1811. The warrant was a military one anl held by the 17th Light Dra- goons. At Waterloo every Orange- man in the regiment but one was killed. He preserved the warrant, and on his return to Lisburn several years after as a pensioner he show^ed the warrant to James Bell, who gave it to James Thompson. The latter sub- mitted it to the County Down meet- in,?, anl County Master Connelin la'd it before the Grand Lodge of Ireland. The authenticity of the document was at once recognized. A rene.Aval was granted to Mr. Connelin. The renewal warrant is dated August 2'lth, 1824, and is signed by Col. Verner, Deputy Grand Master ; William Stoker, Deputy Grand Treasurer, and Ogle Robert Gowan. Assistant Grand Sec- retary. Mr. W^oods purchased the re- newal warrant with the right to open a lodge at Earnamaghery. The lodge was opened on October 20th, 1825, and the warrant afterwards renewed by Ernest, Duke of Cumberland, and by the Earl of Eimiskillen. Mr. Wcorls died on April 4th, 1883, mourned by all cla^«^S3S. His funeral was conduct- ed accordin')? tT Orange ceremonial and many Roman Catholics attended it out of respect for deceased. It naay be mentioned that when the Benevolent and Loyal Orange Institu- tion existed, the Richill brethren had a warrant numbered 11, but Mr. Woods easily proved that the origi- nal No. 11 of Waterloo fame wa9 the one he had secured. Ill lli«> <'i-iiii«>a. Another Orange warrant with a romantic history is that of No. 809. The warrant was with an infantry re- giment which rendered splendid ser- vices in the Crimea. The lodge met regularly in a cave, only known to the members, and many a time the pro- ceedings have been enlivened by the shrieking shells flying overhead and the rattle of musketry. In a skir- mish the Master of the lodge, who carried the warrant, was killed, and some prowling Turks got hold of the warrant when rifling the pockets of the dead. An ex-membr of the Irish Constabulary, who was attached to the ambulance corps, came on the scene, and being an Orangeman he got the precious document from the Turks, who were completely j)uz;zled over it. The brother sent the war- rant to Mr. Rogers, Grand Secretary of Armagh, and the story of the war- rant with the document itself is among the many other valuable ar- chives in Armagh Orange hall. The year IVl/'S was memorable in Orange circles for more than the is- suing of those warrants we have been writing about, n The Orange demon- strations on July 12th were greater and grander than ever, and the mili- tary turned out at many places. This year the County lyrone gatherings were numerous and mostly local, no great central gathering marking the event, but every town anl hamlet held its own gatherings. The Fort Edward Yeomen Cavalry, all of whom were members of Fort Edward Loyal Or- ange Lodge, asssembled before march- ing in procession and Mrs. Lindsay, wife of the captain of the corps, W. C. Lindsay, presented them with a beautiful silk banner of royal blue, with a neatly worked silver loom, the web in' and a weaver at work pic- tured on it. Surrounding the device was a wreath of thistles, roses and shamrocks, entwined with the motto, "Pro Rege, texto, lege" (for My King, my loom, and the law). Perhaps the first Orange speech de- livered openly by a lady was that of Mrs. Lindsay when she presented the banner. In those days the Orangemen under a clause in the Bill of Rights were enabled to carry firearms, and that is why they were so valuable in actual service and so able to defend themselves when assailed. i 1,' ^' 1 1 i !: liiM Ill : li'!|' li iill ill III 'ill no On September 27th of this year, Lord Annesley was elected Grand Master of County Down at a meeting held at Dromore on September 27th. Tlio KotlM'd 4.'oii.hIIIiiIIoii. The adjourned meeting of the Grand Lodge oi' Ireland was held as slated, on Novemlier 20th, 1798, in Dublin. Among those present were Thomas Verner, Grand Master ; J. C. Beresford, Grand Secretary; R. C. Smyth, Jr., Deputy Secretary; H. A. Woodward, J. S. Rochford, T. K. Knire, Samuel Montgomery, Harding Giffard, Wm. Richardson, John Fisher, Wm. Cor- bett, W. G. Galway and Francis Greg- ory. Messrs. Giffard and Montgomery re- ported the results of their delibera- tions relative to rules. At this time the rebels issued false rules and obligations for the purpose of throwing obloquy on the Order, but this plan failed of its intended object, because every lodge soon had copies of the new rules and regulations, and were able to show these as answers to the false ones. The general declara- tion of the objects of the Institution were declared to be as follows: "We associate to the utmost of our T)Ower to support and defend his Majesty King George the Third, the Consti- tution and laws .of this country, and the succession to the Throne* of His Majesty's Hlustrious House, l:eing Pro- testants, for the Defence of our Per- sons and Properties, and to maintain the Peace of our Country, and for these Purposes we will be at all Times I'eady to assist the Civil and Military Power in the just and lawful Dis- charge of their Duty. We also asso- ciate in honor of King William the Third, Prince of Orange, whose Name we bear, as supporters of his glorious Memory and the true religion by him completely established. And in Order to prove our gratitude and Affection for his name we will anually celebrate the victory over James at the Boyne on the 1st day of July (old style) in every year, which day shall be our great Era for ever. "We further declare that we are ex- cltisively a Protestant Association, yet detesting as we do any intolerant Spirit. We solemnly pledge ourselves to each other, that we will not perse- cute or upbraid any Person on Ac- count of his religious Opinion, but that we will on the contrary be aiding and assisting to every loyal subject of every religious Description.' The qualifications of an Orangeman are almost word for word with that already printed in this volume, and the oliligation was made as follows: "I, A. Bi , do solemnly and sincere- ly swear, of my own free Will and Accord, that I will to the utintKst of my Power support and defend the present King, George the Third, and all the heirs of the Crown so long as he or they support the Protestant Ascendancy, and the Constitution and Laws of Ihese Kingdoms, and that I will ever hold sacred 1 he name of our glorious Deliverer, William the Third, Prince of Orange ; and I do further swear that I am not, nor was not, a Roman Catholic or Papist, that I was not, am not, nor ever will be, a United Irishman ; that I never took the oath of secrecy to that Society ; and I do further swear, in the presence of Al- mighty God, that 1 will always con- ceal and never will reveal, either parts of this that I am about now to re- ceive, r"ither Write it, nor Indite it, Stan. , Stain nor Engrave it, nor cause it to be done on Paper, Parch- ment, Lead, Bark, Brick, Stone, or anything so that it might be known, and that I am now become an Orange- man without Fear, Bribery or Corrup- tion." The secret signs and passw^ords were then to be given to the member, and the usual rules of the lodges als > pre- sented to him. The Committee of Two reported further — that the oiening prayer was too long, and the matter was referred to the Rev. Mr. Knipe, who abridged and improved the prayer. The whola report was adopted and prinlfed, and there are many copies of those original rituals and rules still extant, so that the forgeries are easily detected. The whole of the documents as well as the signs and passwords were intended to inculcate piety and patriotism, and are thus a challenge to the irreligious and traitorous classes. The r.siiiil FriindM. The traitors inserted clauses, mak- ing it appear that the Orangemen pledged themselves to burn Roman Catholic chapels and commit other out- rages on the people of that creed. The merest child in knowledge of Orange truths knows how utterly false such charges are, and many Roman Catholics of those days testified vol- untarily to their falseness. Orange lodges raised funds and offered re- wards for the disco' ry of the mis- creants who were committing offences, and again and again the crimes were brought home to the scattered rebels who could not keep their hands from 81 lume, and I'ollows: 1(1 .sincere- Will and utincKst f)f efend the 'hird, and 1 so long -'rotes tant ution and nd that I tne of our he Third, o further 'as not, a hat I was , a United the oath and I do u;e of Al- ways con- ther parts >vv to re- •r Indite 'e it, nor >r, Parch- Stone, or ;e known, ti Orange- r Corrup- orda were pber, and als3 pre- reported ayer was ; referred abridged >pted and copies of ules still ire easily ocuments lass words )iety and challenge raitoroua es, mak- angemen Roman ther out- it creed, ledge of erly false Roman fied vol- Orange ered re- the mis- offences, Qes were d rebels ids from mischief. These cruninals, the better to the dissemination of falsehood against the Orangemen, wore hats such as the Yeomanry at first wore — round, with white tape binding the edges. In sev- eral districts the Orangemen raised funds to help tlie sufferers, and gave freely to Roman Catholics as ell as to Prolestiints. It was proved before the Orange Commission that Roman Catholics did not suffer in any way, that Orangemen and Protestants gen- erally aided them in every |.ossil)le way and got them employment. The Rev. Mr. Johnson and the Rev. Dr. Cupples were the object of many slanders by the opponents of freedom, and those forged rules were used to annoy these loyal true Protestants. Mr. Johnson's life was more than once in danger from the secret foes of the Orange Order. All these slanders and attacks were without one jot or shadow of justification, and so exasperated many Roman Catholics even that in 1811 Priest McGreevy, of Deriaghy, wrote, stating that his predecessor in the parish always spoke of and looked upon Mr. Johnson as a true, kind Christian, and that he was greatly ad- mired for his good works and noble life. These forged rules, however, got their death-blow when Col. Verner gave evidence on March 7th, 1835, be- fore the Orange Lodges Commission. He showed where the forgeries differ- ed from the genuine copies. The Rev. Mortimer O'Sullivan, D.D., gave similar evidence to the Commission. Oraiisenioii aiMl llio I'liloii. During recent years when Home Rule has been so much under discus- sion it became the fashion for ignor- ant, demagogues to point out that many Orangemen, probably the raajor- ty of them, opposed the Legislative union of Ireland and the United Kin,?- dom. It is to us, living under a fed- eral system of Government, no surprise to know that the brethren in 1799 and 1800 opposed the abolition of the Irish Parliament. The surprise is that any advocate of Home Rule should cast it up in this year of grace. Let us consider briefly ho^v the mat- ter stood. The rebellirn had been crushed, and scarcely an Orange fam- ily could he found that was not in mourning for their dead, who had fallen in fighting in the open field or had been butchered by the priest- led rebels. Fully 80,000 men had been in the field on the side of the King and 70,000 of these were Yeomanry, militia and Orangemen. It is calcu- lated that 70,0i)0 lives were lost dur- ing the struggle, and many thousands fled from the country in panic. The annual exi)enses of the Government, which in 1779. was only ^9,UU0,00'J, was now 5a2O,000,00(), and the debt was in- creased to the huge sum of $1::.'),000,0()0. The grant of $4,110,01)0 in relief of the sufferers from the rebel raids did not nearly cover that loss, and yet so sure did the Orange and Protestant population feel that they could over- come all these difficulties that they preferred to bear the burden, and man- fully hell* to reduce them rather than abandon their Parliamentary system of Government, imperfect as it was. To many of the best men of that day it looked just as it would look to the people of our Provinoes or of one of the States of the Union if the Central Governemnt proposed to abolish their Local or State Legislature. That was exactly how it looked in those days to many Irish loyalists, and their fears of evil consequences were increased by the united and persistent demands of the Roman Catholics for the abolition of the Irish Parliament. It is this which makes it al surd of the Home Rulers of to-day to taunt Orangemen about their opposition to the Union. The Orangemen, or at least a large number of them, openly and honestly stated their opposition, but when in.after years they saw how bene- ficial it worked out, they were not such fools or traitors as to attempt to destroy that Union. The Romanists sought the abolition of the Irish Par- liament because they thought thereby to injure the country and curb the onward flow of Orangeism. When they found that it was a blessing to the country and that Orangeism was triumphant, they began to seek the destruction of the Union on the plea of Home Rule. That is in a nutshell the whole story of the Orangemen and Romanist position on the Legislative Union. During the discusssion of the Union proposals the Supreme officers of the Orange Order frequently appealed to the members to refrain trom discuss- ing the subject in lodge, but all of course were at liberty to use then- own judgment on the matter. The Union Act was finally adopted by the Irish Parliament, and on August 1st, 1800, it received the Royal assent. The Act came into force on January 1st, 1801, and from that date one Parlia- ment has managed the affairs of the United Kingdom. ; ■..-!' 32 '• : =iii!i AlwiiyM l.«»yiil iiiiil Triir. The agiUiLion over the Union neither slackened the enLhusiasm nor lessened by onj iota the loyalty oi tlie Or- angemen. The 12th ol July, the ith and nth of ^ovember celebration-* of 17iW and 18C0, were as larf^e and as enthusiastic as the most ardent Or- angeman could wi.sh. When on -May 15Lh, 1800, James Hadfield attempted to shcot the King in JJrury Lane Theatre, London, I he Orangemen were tlie first in Ireland to manifest then- joy at the King's escape, and to ex- press their horror at the incident. They joined heartily in the spirit of the impromptu verse which Sheridan added to the National Anthem in the theatre the night of the attempt on the King's life. The verse is as fol- lows: — "From every latent foe, F-om the assassin's blow, God Save the King. O'er him thine arm extend, For Britain's sake defend Our Father, Prince and Friend. God Save the King." Ai 4'olei-:ilii<*. In 1801 Mr. Thomas Verner retired from the post of Grand Master, which he had so ably filled, and was suc- ceeded by the Hon. Geo. Ogle, M.P. This year Coleraine had a very fine historic procession on the 12th of July. The Orange soldiers of the EighLxi Armagh Regiment took the lead because th«y held senior war- rants, and many of them had fought at the Diamond; then followed a de- tachment of the Royal IrLsh Artillery by lodges, followed by the civilian Orangemen. The Armagh Regiment lodges and Masters were: 174, \Vm. McCracken ; 190, Matthew Pollard ; 223, Jeremiah FuUerton; B'i.'), Robert Sloane; and 1038, Samuel Robb. The Artillery Lodge was J>27, and the Mas- ter, John Foster. The town lodges were— 256, John Smith ; 316, John Dins- more ; 737, Thomas Bell; »C9, William Drain; anl 9'20 Benjamin Drain. They had met in the Diamond, and over one thousand soldiers were in that parade, which was witnessed by a wildly enthusiastic crowd. They marched to the parish church of Rally- angin. where Dr. Heslot, Rector of Killowen, preached. After service they marched to Portstewart, where re- freshments were served, and at night each lodge d'. i in its own place of meeting. On October 31st. 1801, the Earl of Hardwicke, the Lieutenant- Governor of Ireland, thanked the Yeo- manry, nearly every one of whom were Orangemen, for their patriotism and readiness to assist in defence of the Empire. On April (il.li, 18U2, llm Im- perial Parliament also recof\i/e.l I lie services of the Veoiuunry bj a special vote of thanks. Troiil»l<> AbiiIii. The unsettled leelin^i' m iuigl uid iti 1801 led to the arrest ot I ol. iJesi-aKl and a numb'c^r of other conniiiiaiors. The Colonel and six of his lol lowers were executeii, and the trouble was felt in Ireland, where a l)ody ( f Tii)- p.'rary an I Limerick luililia, all liomnn I'athoiics, attacked the Orangemen of Kilrea. The latter took refuge in a house, and in their own defence Jired, killing two militiamen. At the truii which followed it was shown that the Orangemen would all have been killed had they nut fired as they did. The brethren charged with the olfence were acquitted. In 1802 the 12th of July demonstra- tions eclipsed all previous years, and included a review of soldiers and a levee at Dublin by the Viceroy, and the firing of a volley in honor of the Boyne. In 1803 the talk was of Bounaparte and his intended attack on P^xitam. A special appeal was made to Orange- men to be ready for action in de- fence of the country, and to exercise redoubled vigilance to prevent the admission of traitors to the Order. The 12th of July demon^-.trations were again most successful in every re- spect. Tile ftiiiiiiK't FlnN4M». This year witnessed the hair-brained attempt of Robert Emmet, a brother of Thomas Addis Emmet, and one Thomas Russ3ll to raise a revolt which was to begin on July 23rd. Russell's plan in the North was to seize Ma-^is- trate Forde, of Seaforde, hold him as a hostage, and then on a l>eacon be- ing lighted, the whole country was to rise. On the day named about thirty men, partially drunk, met Rus- sell, who had issued a bombastic pro- clamation, which was everywhere re- ceived with derision. The thirty men soon got so drunk they had to he down, instead of rise up, and Russell, who had intended to seize Downpat- rick, was on September Mh, 1803, seized himself in his hiding place in Dublin, by Major Sirr, and J. S. Emerson, both Orangemen. He with some of his followers were tried and executed at Downpatrick. Emmet had also issued a proclama- tion, named his new government, as if he owned the country, and whilst It \v.\ •iotism and nee of the i, Uio liu- J a .si)ociul hingj 111(1 Ml j1. ljt'si/iU(l )nsi)iiuloiH. i lollowor.s oublo \v!is Kly if Till- Ill I Uorn.'in -ngoinen of iiuge in a ■en(!o lired, t the triiil own that have been * they did. the oifence tleraon.stra- us years, )ldiers aad iceroy, and nor of the ^ouna{)arte n liritam. to Orange- m in de- o exercise ivent the le Order, ions were very re- r-l)rained a brother nd one ol(. which llussell's ze Ma??is- him as eacon be- ntry was d about met Rus- istic pro- he re re- irty men to lie Russell, Downpat- 03, seized Dublin. Emerson, aae of his cuted at roclama- nent, as d whilst Ru.sstill was acting tlu» fool elsewhere, J';iimi''t proceeded with a rabble to Htoriii, as he declared, Dublin I'aatle. That his loi lowers were of the very 8cum ol Dublin was proved by their deeds. The rabljle met a carriage conlainini^ Lord ^>.i warden, his daugh- ter ml his ni'phew, I he Rev. lUfhard Wolfe. The two men wire murdered by Dinm >t's gang, and the lady ser- iously w unded. Col. Drown, of the 2l8t Regiment, wiis also Jdlled, and several others all in c
th. and sentenced to death, the exe- cution taking place next day in Kil- mainham jail. in IrfOl all was quiet in Ireland, but the demonstrations on July l:.th and November 4Dh and nth were very large and enthusiastic. In 180.3 the military took no part in these demon- stration.p, owing to the secret influ- ence o*! Rome. In 180(5 some of the Romoa Catholic n*il tary again caused trouble by insulting the Orangemen on the 12th July [jiiradcs. and the statue of King "William in Dublin was defaced, but the demonstrations were again verj' large and most enthusias- tic. T!d(' Halter's Story. In this year also the conspiracy of Constantino O'Neil, hatter, Dungan- non, with other enemies of Protes- tantism, was concoctad and carried out. O'iS'eil said the Orangemen burned his shop, tried to kill him, and that no magistrate in Ulster would see that liis enemies were punished. One Ri-^h- ard Wilson, who was desirous of be- ing a magistrate, made charges of ne- glect against the magistrates in con- nection wit)i the case. Judge ]\TcClelland, one of the ablest and most imparl ial oC the Irish judges, had thn who^o matter investigated be- fore him. The following were in- dicted charged with the offences alleged by O'Neil. namely: — David Ver- ner James "Verner, Robt. Luke, John Shiney. Joseph Jackson, Geo. Green, John Patterson, Wm. CraAvford and Andrew Luke. After a rigid inquiry, in which 0'\ei! maeen a vile consi)uary to blacken the name and fame of the Orange Order. E." 11 180u till 18:0, or even a liitlo latei, there were many disturbing po- litical issues raised. The (luesiion of removing certain civil di.sabilties oi Roman Catholics, and of admitting to high offices in the army men of that creed, were long discussed, the lead- ing members of the Order holding (hat only thf)se of undoubted loyalty should be in any place of trust. In iH()7 a Roman Catholic committee was formed in Dublin, with Lord Fingal at its head, and in connection with this coin- mittee we first see Dan O'Connell i e- fore the public. One of his very ear- liest declarations was that under the Union and King Ireland had |)rospered more than at any other time in her history. This year aKso is famous as that in which the Roman Catholic Bishops declared that no foreign potentate had any control over them. They have altered their tune since then. In KiikIiiihI dimI McoIIiiimI. Wc have seen how the Order fared in Ireland, so now we turn to the movements in IJo. 2) was V as 1800, plicate of \ of the the town lars later numbers, lad spread England, iber 23rd, nonument I'athedral. vas made for Grand successful, er raised and the resigned ice. The 2nd, 1821. I Duke of ' a ques- range ob- le ablest 1 a mere the obli- kv under t which societies, angemen. and was stirement appoint- rlanH, in Master lyon, the Ireland, e condi- natisfac- us flow inst the •arefaced el they cral sec- and the organi- leir ut- Order. h every lar, but nd one ner was were of this trations net 'ii mnated :ns and Is "Be- idge of allegiance in the Marksman's obli- gation. The Threshers, the Carders, and other secret societies were still at work committing crimes, and the Kid- man Catholic Committee in Dublin was busy charging these crimes to the Orangemen. The Threshers, and other lawless gangs, however, came so to the front that even Roman Catholic priests like Father McMuUen, of Loughinisland, denounced them, and had not a word to say against the Orangemen. At Ballynahirch and Garvagh a handful of Orangemen routed hundreds of Threshers and threshed them soundly. In iLlt the Ribbonmen appeared, and the story was then set about that the Orangemen had taken an oath to extirpate the Roman Catholics. To give a show of truth to the libel, the famous, or we should rather say, infamous. Poltiglass pedlar's yarn was set afloat. It was told that a man had been thrust out of the Order and secretly made away with, because he refused to take an oath to extirpate Romanists. The whole exlirpatory conspiracy was shown to l>e the work of Roman Catholics, and of those who hoped to gain money or position by aiding the enemies of the Order. In Parliament, too, the Order had been assailed by Sir Henry Parnell, but ably defended by Sir Robert Peel. The question of orders or degrees other than Orange and Marksman was now becoming troublesome, and on Novem- ber 20th, 1817, a great convention of the Order was held in Dublin, when the following resolutions were adopted : — "Resolved— That the only original orders of the Institution are, the Orange and Purple." "Resolved— That the Orange Order, as improved in the year 1800, is suf- ficiently perfect, and requires no al- ternative whatever.'' A committee was appointed to deal with errors which had crept into the Purple Degree. The committee com- pleted its work, and reported on the 24th. In addition to correcting the errors in the Purple Degree, it was recommended that greater care be exercised in admitting membrs, and that the minutes of Grand Lodge be printed for circulation among mem- bers at large. The Grand Lodge met on the 24th and adopted the com- mittee's report. At a rtteeting of the Grand Lodge held on the 28th, it was ordered that the old rules and regulations be with- drawn and replaced by new ones to be issued, embodying the labors of the committee. In this edition the Marksman's obligation is again pub- lished. The other changes were the restoration of the original Orange ob- ligation, an i a better arrangement of the rules. In this year there were no violent attacks on the Order, and this was due no doubt to the tact that its enemies thought the Order would soon die. The Grand Lodge officers at any rate had no thought of this, for they issued new '•'warrants and took other steps to increase and strengthen the Order. A distinguished mc; of the Order died this year. This *s Sir Richard Musgrave, Bart., Gran Treas- urer. The sad event occurred on April 7th. Deceased was an able writer a distinguished politician and a true and patriotic Orangeman. Hfe was born in 1757. The 12th of July anniversaries were not of much account in 1818, and the only assault on the Orangemen was at Kllrea, in County Tyrone. In 181J) a spirit of lethargy was again evi- dent, but this was only for a time. W»r\i «»r Traitors. For the second time the secret signs and passwords were made public in Carrick's Journal, a Roman Catholic paper. The fact was that some Roman Catholics had joined the Order, and gave these things to the Journal. To deal with this and other matters the Grand Lodge met on January 10th, 1820, in Dublin, to consider the ques- tion of new signs and passwords. Those present were : General Archdale, M.P., Grand Master ; Alderman A. B. King, D.G.M.; Captain Cottingham, Grand Treasurer; Capt. Kortcn Grand Secre- tary ; Wm. Stokes, D.G. Treasurer ; the Rev. John Graham, Grand Chaplain. The following committee was ap- pointed to revise the rules and regu- lations: Alderman Kin?, Capt. Norton, Capt. Cottingham, Capt. Fitzsimmons, Lieut.-Col. Blacker, Joseph Greer, R. Westenra, Capt. M. F. Johnson, Coun- sellor Fitzsimmons, Joseph Thetford, Robert Duncan, and Lord Viscount Mount Morris. This committee de- liberated four days, and then brought in an able and exhaustive report. It re-affirmed the necessity for simplicity in the forms and regulations, denounc- ed innovations and made several sugges- tions for improvements in the govern- ing system of the Order. The report was unanimously adopted by the Grand Lodge. The general declaration and qualifications were retained as origin- ally drawn, am' in the new obligation 36 the Orangeman boun.l himself to be faithful, and bear true allegiance to the King, to support and maintain the Laws and Constitution of the United Kingdoms of (..rant i'ritain an 1 [lelaT^d, and the succession to the throne in his Majesty's Illustrious House being Pro- testants. A new clause was added under v. Inch members were pledged to assist the magistrates in the discharge of their official duties whenever called upon to do so. In the Purple obligation an impor- tant addition was made. It reads as follows: "And that I will not make or assist at, nor sanction the making of any member in any other order, pur- porting to be part of the Orange sys- tem than the Orange and Purple, which are the original orders of the Orange Institution." This clause was ur course directly aimed at the new orders which ^vere creeping in, and a further clause pro- hibited "the wearing of the regalia or colors of any other order in an Orange lodge. The principal change in the rules governing the Constitution of the Grand Lodge was that which reduced the elective body from thirty-one to twenty-one. It was decided that the Grand Lodge should meet half-yearly instead of quarterly, or often as had been the custom before. The Grand Lodge of England sent Grand Secretary Woodburne to Dub- lin to secure the new work. It v as also arranged that Mr. E. L. Swift should act as Grand Secretary for Ire- land, within the jurisdiction of Eng- land. The death of George III. brought Capt. Cottingham to London with an address of condolence to the Royal family from Irish Orangemen. The address was graciously received and acknowledged. The visit of Capt. Cot- tineham to London gave further oppor- . tunities for drawing the relati'ins of the two Grand Lodges closer together. Divided 4'oiiiisolH. The opposition in Ireland to the Grand Lodge rules and regulations, more especially those so rigidly bar- ing out the other orders, was strongest in Armagh City and County. The County Grand Lodge met in June of 1820, to support the Grand Lodge of Ireland, and on the same day the op- ponents of the new Constitution also met. There were present Thos. Seaver, D.M., Carnbugh; Harry Sling, D.M., Armagh ; Robert Maxwell, D.M., Keady ; John Simpson, D.M., Newton- hamilton ; and Richard Warrington, D.D.M., Newtonhamilton. These men claimed that the original founders of the Society recognized other orders and degrees than the Orange and Purple. To a certain ex- tent they evidently did so at first, bui in 1798 all were excluded but the two named, so that in leas than three years alter the Diamond had been fought and won these other orders were barred out. In 1821 the secret signs and pass- words were again made i)ublic, owing no doubt to some Roman Catholic get- ting into the Order as had l;een the case previously. The Grand T>odge very promptly changed them, hut ow- ing to the continuance of dissensions o\er the orders, and to the fact that many thousands of the Yeomanry, al- niosi all of whom were Orangemen, had l;een called to arms the Society was at a low ebb in many places. The first surrentler of the Orangemen of Dublin to the Roman Catholics was in July, 1821, and that, too, with Aid. King, D.G.M. of the Order, in the Mayor's chair. At the city l)anquet, in honor of George the Fourth's Cor- onation, the Mayor presided, and Lord r'ingal. President of the Roman Catho- lic Union, occupied the vice-chair. Dan O'Connell was present and made one of his "blarney" speeches. The Lord Mayor decided to have no pro- cession or decorations on Protestant anniversaries, hut he reckoned without his host, for the statue of King Wil- liam was decorated as usual. The time-serving action of Mayor King did not prevent a great display of loaylty on Coronation Day, and shortly after the Orange Corporation of Dublin proceeded to London to pre- sent an address to King George, for- merly Duke of York, on his accension to the throne. The procession oi the DuVilin Corporation to the palace was perhaps the most unique ever seen in London up to that time. There had of course been grander ones, but this was an Orange City Council, going to express the fealty of the City of Dub- lin to the Crown. In this procession the Lord Mayor occupied the first carriage, which was followed by an- other carriage, bearing the city keys, the mace and sword, and attended by twelve footmen in livery, and the horses decorated with orange and blue ribbon. The sheriff's carriage deco- rated the same w^ay, came next, follow- ed by another carriage, many of them also decorated. The deputation was graciously re- ceived and presented a strong Protest- Id III :n It IK ant address, to which the King made a favorable reiily, in which he slated he iinew Orangemen would ever bo ready to defend the Crown and Con- si itution. In August of the same year King George reached Ireland, and landed at Kingston, then called Dumleary. He was cordially welcomed, Dan O Connell joining in the reception, and was ten- dered a great banquet in Dublin. The familiar toast of'William and Mary, of Immortal Memory," was not on the official programme, but after the King, and Mayor King left, the com- pany asked Aid. Beresi'ord to give the time-honored toast, and, on his refus- ing to do so, Aid. Darley gave it. It was vociferously cheered, and after- wards the Roman Catholic Union ra's- ed a great fuss over the matter. The Grand Lodge of Ireland held its regular meeting on the 13th of August. Those present included: Earl O'Meil, KP., Grand Master; Lieut.-Col. Black- tingham, Grand Treasurer ; Capt. Nor- ton, Grand Secretary ; Mr. D. F. Ryan, Deputy Grand Secretary ; Mr. \Vm. Stoker. Deputy Grand Treasur- er ; and the Rev. John Grs am. Grand Chaplain. The visit of the Sovereign to Ireland was hailed with delight, and the Grand Lodge renewed their de- clarations of loyalty to the Crown and Constitution. More Sei'vllHy. In 1822 "Jack" Lawless and Dan O'Connell demanded that the 12th of July demonstrations should cease in Dublin. The Viceroy issued a procla- mation forbidding the decorations and processions. The loyal Orangemen, hoAvever, completed the decorations. The mottoes were "Fear God, Honor the King,' "On the. Lord's Day the Debtor shall go Free." The demonstrations elsewhere were very successful. In Glasgow 127 men were in the procession. Seven lod.nres were represented ; five from the city, one from Paisley and one from T'ol- lockshaws. They were assaulted by the Roman Catholics, but the magis- trates insisted on protecting them, calling out soldiers for the purpose. In September the Grand Lodge of Ireland met to discuss the question of processions and banquets on No- ember 4th and 5th. The Grand Lodge decided to leave the matter to the decision of each lodge. On the day the Mayor of Dublin was sworn in the civic banquet followed. Mayor Fleming's motto was, "Deeds Will Tell." City Sheriff Thorpe was sworn in the same day, and hia motto was, "i had Rather Die than be Disgraced.' All the I'rotestant toasts were left out of the programme, but the sheriff with other loyal citizens present, gave them as usual. On October 2»th the Mayor and magistrates of Dublin issued an order prohibiting the decoration or King William's statue, but forty- eight members of the City Council met on Saturday, October 31st, and protested, and early on the morning of November 4th an attempt, par- tially successful, was male to decorate as usual, but the police and .soldiers prevented its completion. Gradually the clutch of Rome was tightening on Ireland's capital, and thus was being laid the sure foundations for future troubles. Orangemen were often charged with bigotry and partizan- ship ; names easily hurled by men who. having no arguments to use, fling foul accusations instead. Testimony to the fairness of the Orange Order came at this time from a strange quarter. For it is worthy of note that the Roman Catholic Bishop of Kildare and Loughlin, the Rev. James Doyle, D.D., issued an address telling his flock to live at peace with their neighbors, testifying to the law-abiding conduct of the Orangemen, and pointing out that the behavior of many of his peo- ple was not in accordance with their profession of faith. More Tnniblo. The incessant attack of the enemies of the Order, joined with the slavish desire of politicians to curry favor with Rome, brought increased trouble to the Society in Ireland, and the at- tacks led to defensive measures by the members. In 1823 Aid. King, the tem- porising Mayor of Dublin, now an alderman again, appeared at the Par of the House of Commons and deliv- ered an able and eloquent plea in de- fense of the Order. For his splendid s leech on that occasion he deserves to be held in grateful memory. The troubles did not grow less, but in- ore;ised, for the repeal agitation was brewing. Although the Grand Lodge of Ireland and the Order there was under a cloud, so far as it was pos- sible for the truth to be put under, the Grand Lodge of England was in full operation and aided that of Ire- land to the utmost of its power. Lord Liverpool, the Premier, and his Ilome Secretary, Lord Sidmouth, were both anxious .towards the end of their terra of office at any rate, to encourage the .spread of the Order. When in 1827 the Duke of Cumberland I .ss was elected Grand Master of England, he appointed as hi'- Deputy for Eng- land Lord Kenyon, the faithful worker, and for Scotland, the Duke of Gordon. The Grand Chaplain was the Bishop of Salisbury, Grand Treasurer, Lord Chandos, M.P., and Col. Fletcher, Grand Secretary. The political enemies of the Order had been incessant in their attacks, and in 1835 an inquiry was held by a Committee of the House of Commons into the working of the Order and other societies. Its enemies did their very best to make it appear that the Orange Order was the cause of the continued strife in Ireland, and was causing divisions even in England and Scotland. All the leading members of the Society in both countries, as well as its known and open foes, were called before the Commission, but not the secret Jesuit libellers. Many in- dependent witnesses also testified. The mass of evidence gathered fills sev- eral large volumes, but to the im- partial reader it was made abundant- ly clear that the members of the Order were a peaceful, law-abiding class, who could always be relied upon_ to support the Crown and Constitution, In discussing the events which led up to this Commission of Inquiry, one or two facts should be borne in mind. In 1828 Dan O'Connell was elected for Clare, but could not take his seat until "Catholic Emancipation" was passed in 1829, that is until it became legal for Roman Catholics to sit in Parliament. This law was carried dur- ing the Premiership of the great Duke of Wellington, aided by his Conserva- tive colleagues and reform allies. The passage of the measure allowed the Duke of Norfolk to take his seat as the first Roman Catholic peer in the United Parliament of Britain and Ire- land, and his successor is the present Roman Catholic Postmaster-General in Lord Salisbury's Cabinet. !!iHH|MMi.sl»ii or <>rilllH. With Roman Catholic Emancipation came demands for the restoration of the Irish Parliament, and these de- mands werej by men, many of whom had thirty or thirty-five years before clam- oured for its abolition. In tiiis state of popular excitement, when the two political parties were eager to secure the Roman Catholic vote, the Com- mission referred to was granted, and it recommended the dissolution of the Order. King William IV. in his de- sire for peace, one might say peace at any price, asked the Grand Lodges to suspend operations. The Grand Lodge of England did so in 1836, and in April of the same year the Grand Lodge of Ireland held a special meeting in Dublin. The meeting last- ed three days, and at the close de- cided to suspend operations until happier days dawned. For nine years the members of the Order kept true to their obligations without charter or other bond of union than that of loyalty to the principles 'hey pro- fessed. They suffered in silence, but in 1845 the ban was removed, and from that day until the present moment the Order has gone on in a strong, steady sweep, until it now circles the uni- verse. To those who talk of its sus- pension in 1836, as that of the sup- pression of a disloyal organization, our answer is the evidence before the Com- mission, and the names of a few of its leading officers that year. These latter were the Duke of Cumberland, the King's brother, who was the Grand Master of the Order, Grand Chaplain, the Bishop of Salisbury ; Deputy Grand Masters, the Earl of Enniskillen, Col. Verner, M.P., Robt. Hedges, Esq., Earl of Longford, Viscount Mandeville, M. P., Earl of Roden, Earl of Bathdown, Lord Ely, Lord Farnham, the Marquis of Thormond, Viscount Powerscourt, Viscount Cole, and Hon, R. E. Plunket. There were then twenty Grand Lodges, eighty District Lodges, and fifteen hundred Primary Lodges in Ireland alone, and a large membership in P]ng- land, Scotland, and a fair beginning had been made in Canada. In 1847, that is two years after the revival of the Order, the death of Dan O'Connell took place at Genoa, as he w^as journeying to Rome. He left his heart to the Pope, but he left to his country a legacy of strife and hatred, which seems never likely to die out, so long as the people follow Dan's ex- ample and leave their hearts in the keeping of Rome. Now we have brought the History of the Order up to our own times, and it would be a pleasant task to write another volume detailing the events from 1845 up till to-day. That must, however, be deferred for a few months. The battle of Dolly's Brae, on July 12th, 1845>, and many others in which the Orangemen of Ireland taught their assailants valuable les- sons, the assaults on English Orange- men in Liverpool, Manchester, Bolton and elsewhere, the wild fights m Glas- gow, Airdree and Coatbridge, m Scot- land, the New York riots of July 12th, 1871, when sixty people lost their lives, owing to the action of a lawless gang of Romanists, the troubles in Aus- II '« 39 if tralia and elsewhere, all Leaching the same lesson that Rome hates freedom, hates its champions, and does not scruple at the means she takes to at- tack them — shall be written ere, long. The Order was introduced to this country about 182^, and the story of its rise and progress is to be told by the Grand Lodge of British North America, m accordance with a decision come to some years ago. It may he well to state here that the obligation taken in the United States is of course one of unswerving loyalty to that country, and there are ho more loyal and law-abiding i;eo- ple within the Union than the Orange- men who, in the dark days of the rebellion and in other times of trouble, fought, and died like heroes for the Star-Spangled Banner. * • • • * My present task is ended. With all its shortcomings, I send this little volume forth with the hope that every reader may be encouraged and inspired by reading it, as I have been by writ- ing it, to try and labor still more faithfully than heretofore in the discharge of his duties as a citizen. At a time when in Britain the two great political parties are offering l)ribes to the Church of Rome for her influence, when in Canada that Church wields a power dangerous to the peace and progress of the Dominion, when we see the Municipalities, States, and Federal Governments of the United States too often the tools of the priests, and when in Australia and elsewhere organizations are found for the purpose of denying the civil rights of the loyal Orangemen, it is surely time for us to break every political tie and unite to secure the triumph of civil and religious liberty and the downfall of clericalism. n • ** >> u. O 4.4 .a *> < o 4-> X o ^ D a o V u J nj QhTJ w J^ o CO o H D i^ .2 O bo*^ X •S o; CO >r < tuO O u CO u O 4-> 75 CO ^ W 1) < OJ ' ' ■» u. 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