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Les diagrammes suivants illustrent la mithoda. errete ilto t e pelure. ;on i t 2 3 3ZX 1 2 3 4 8 6 ♦ 1 A K HIStORICAL MEMORIAL » O F T H E N E>G O T I AT 10 N O F FRJNCE and ENGLAND^ From the 26th of March, 1761, to the 20th of September of the fame Year, With the VOUCHERS. . TranQated from the French Original, publifhcd at P A R I S by Authorit|,; )V^-r • . % LONDON: Printed for D. Wilson, and T. 6ecket and P. A. Dehondt in the Strand. MDCCLXL i ■ »; 0f I - ^2 m A N HISTORICAL MEMORIAL OF THE NEGOTIATION O F FRANCE and ENGLAND, HIS Majefty thinks it confiftent with his goodnefs and juftice to inform his fubjeds of the endeavours he has iifcd, and the facrificcs he relblvcd to imke, in order to reftore peace to his kingdom; France, and the whole univcrfe, will judge from a plain and faithful detail of the Negotiation, which has been carried on between the Courts of Verfailles and London, which of the two Courts have been averfe to the rc:eftablifliment of public tranquillity, and have facrificcd the common peace and welfare to their own ambition. In order to form a clear and juft opinion with regard to the Negotiation which has late'y broken oflr between France and England, it is neceflliry to recoiled the motives which occafioncd the rupture between the two Crowns, and the particular circumllanccs, which have involved a confideruble part of Europe in a war, which had at firfl; America only for its objtd. The limits of Acadia and Canada, which, by the treaty of Aix-!a-CliapelIc, were left to the difcufTion of commiflarics to be named by the two Potentates, have fervcd England as a pretence for commencing hoftiiities, and for taking two French fl/ips, the Alcide and the Lys\ while, in the midll of peace, and under the land ion of the law of nations, the Duke of Mircpoix, the French Ambal- fador, w.^.s treating at London in order to prevent a supture, and to terminate thol'c difflrences, which might have been eafily accommodated at Aix-la-Chi- pelle, and which, while the peace fubfifted, had met with the moft unrealbnabie and extravagant oppofition on the part of the Englilh Commiflaries. A 2 Thf t II 1 tl t > brou^l»t [ 4 1 The Linc'xpcdfd violence oflVreJ on the pirr of the I'-nglifli nccefTaii on the war: his Majclly found himfeif obliged, though with rejzrcr, to repel by torcc the indignity olfercd lu I'lante, and to piefcr the honour ct" the nation to the tranquillity it enjoyed. If the court of London had no other dePgn than to efl.ibiifh tlie refpetflivc poflinions of the two Crowns in North America upon a firm tooting, flic would have endeavoured to obviate, as France has done, every incident which might engage the Powers of the Continent of Lurope to take part in a war which is ab- folutely foreign to them, and which in fadt, having no other objed but what relates fo the limits of Acadia and Canada, tould not lall long, and did not re- quire the interpofition of any other Power. But England lad more cxtenfive views : fhc endeavoured to raife a general war againft France, and hoped to re- new the famous league which was formed againll Lewis XIV. upon iche acccf- fion of Philip V. to the throne of Spain j and to perfuade all the Courts of Eu- rope, that they were as much interelled in the limits of Acadia, as in the fuc- ceffion of Charles II. The conduft of France, in confcqucnce of the firft hoflilities in 1 755, was very different from that of England : his Majelty pacified his neighbours, reftrained his Allies, refufed the advantageous profpcd of a war, which was propofed to him on the Continent, and gave all the Powers to underftand, that his fole am- bition was to reftrain his enemies, the Englilh, within due limits, and to main- tain peace and jutlice among the Powers, who ought to regard the differences refpefting America w^»h the mofl mipartial neutrality. The Coint of Lo<" • , to accomplifh their ends, took advantage of his Ma- jefly's equitable anc jific condud. She knew that one of the Allies of France might prove a I'w y obftacle to the eftablifhment of peace and tranquillity, and made no doubt, but, in fecuring that Ally, (he fhould be able to makj that Houfe, which was confidered as the antient rival of France, enter into all her views : but the Em|)refs Qiiecn of Hungary and Bohemia, animated by the fante principles of equity of which his Majelty give fuch laudable proofs, refufed the propofals of England, and rather chofe to run the rifk of an unjuft war, which was the natural and forefeen confequcnct of the treaty figned at Whitehall between the Kings of England and Pruflla, than to engage in one contrary to the good faith of her Imperial Majcfty. His Majefty and the Emprefs- Queen, previous to the King of Pruflfu's inva- fion of Saxony, entered into an alliance. on the ift of May 1756, which was purely dtfenfive. Their Majefties hoped, that their alliance would check the fire which was ready to kindle in Germany, and that it would prevent a war on the Continent of Europe. They were deceived in their expectations : the Court of Lond( n had armed the King of PrufTia : nothing could reffrain a Prince whofe p.iflion for w.>r was unhappily violent : and he began it at the end of the year 17^6, by the invafion of Saxony and the attack of Bohemia. From that time two diftinft wars fubfifted •, one of France with England, and which at tlie beginning had nothing in common with the war in Germany j and the other which the King of Pruflia waged againll the Emprefs-Qiieen, and in which \ [ 5 ] which the King of Eng'and was intcrorted as an Ally of the Kinp of PrufTia, and his M.»i'l?'y, as guarantee of the treaty of WcftpliaHi, and, after his dctcn- five treafy of the ift of May, a^ an Ally of the Court of Vienna. France was cautious, in the engagements Jhe was conl^rainrd to m.ike with the Confederate Powers, not to blend the diflFcrcnces which difturl^ed the peace of America, with thole wliich raifed a commotion in Lurope. In truth, his Ma- jcrty having always made it his principal objtft to rc-al each Potentate to terms of reconciliation, and to rellorc public tranquillity, he judged it improper to blend interefts of fo diftant and complicated a nature, as tliole of Kurope and America would prove, were they to have been jointly treated of in a negotiation for a {general and final peace. His Majefty proceeded farther, and with an in- tent to prevent a dire<5l land war in F-uropc, he propolld 'lie neutrality of Ha- nover in the year 1757 •» the King of Fngland, Eleflor of Hanover, refufcd the' ])ropofitii)n, and fent his fon the duke of Cumberland, into his hereditary domi- nions in Germany, who, at the head of an army entirely compofed of Germans was ordered to oppofc the march of thofe forces, which his Majefty, in purfu- ance of his engagements, fent to the alfiftance of his Allies who were attacked in their dominions. The elcftoral army of Hanover finifhed the campaign of 1 757, with the ca- pituhtion oS Clojier- Seven. The Court of London thought proper to break that capitulation, a lew tnon;hs after it had been concluded by the confent of the King of England's fon ; the chief pretence alledged was, that the army which had capitu'atcd belonged to the F.ledor, and that the f .mc army which, contrary to the right of nations and all military laws, re-entered into adion, was from that time to be confidered as a Britifh army. From that moment, (and it is ncceflfary to attend to this circumftance) the army commanded by Prince Ferdinand of Brunfwick, is become an Englilh army : The Elector of Hanover, the Duke of Brunfwic, the Landgrave of HcflTe, their forces and their countries, have b^en blended together in the caufe of England •, fo that the hoftilities in Wcftphalia and L-ower Saxony have had and fliil have the fame obje<5t as the hoftilities in America, Afia and Africa ; that is to fay, the difputes fubiiiling between the two crowns concerning the limits of Acadia and Canada. His Majefty confcquently from that time being obliged to fupport a war both by fea an;1 land againft England his profefTcd enemy, has afforded no farther fuc- cour of troops to his Allies to enable them to carry on their war in particular, but has only undertaken to preferve the places on the Lower Rhine for the Em- prefs Queen, which were acquired by conqueft from the King of Pruflia, in the name ot her Imperial Majefty. It would therefore betray ignorance of the moft pofitive fadls, to fuppofe that the war which is aftually carried on in Wcftpha- lia, is for the intereft of his Majefty*s Allies j that war is purely Englifh, which is carried on only becaufe the army of England, in that part, defends the poflTcf* fions of the King of Great Britain and his Allies. We muft conclude from what has been faid with regard to the ftute of the two Belligerant Crowns, that the war of France with England it in faft, and in its origin, very diflinft from that of the Emprcfs againft the King of Pruftia: ne- verthe- ■i* { 6 ] verthelefs there is a conncilion l^rwccn the two wars, which confifts in the com- mon engagement between the King and the Kmprcfs Qiieen, not to make a fc- parate peace with the common enemy but by mutual confent. This engage- ment, which is 16 conformable to the (entiments of fricnclQiip and confidence by \vhich their Majcfties are united, was nccefiliry for their reciprocal fccurity. As it would be dangerous tor the forces of the King of PrufTia to join againft France, with tiiofe of lingland, commanded by Prince Ferdinand, it would be equally prciudici.il and contrary to the faith of his MajeQy's engagements with the Court of Vienna, that the Britifli army Ihould join the Kingof l^rufTiaagainft the Em- prefs Qiicen, and againft the Piinccs of the Fmpirc who are in alliance with France. Although the year 175^?, produced no political event, which might give room to a negotiation for the re-citabliihnient of peace, yet France, ever 2.ealous to promote it with the fame fincerity, made ufe of the mediation of Denmark, to iiitorm Fngland of her perLverance in the fame pacific difpofitions ; the an- i'wiT from the Court of London was as haughty as it was negative, and deflroy- ed all hopes of a negotiation. In 1759, the Couits of London and Berlin tranfmitted the following declara- tion from the Maguc, to the Minillers of France, Vienna and RulTia. No. I. ^ Declaration of their Prujfian aid Britannic Majefties. * 'X'HF, IR Britannic and PrufTian Majcflie^ touched with compafllon, when * *" they reflect on the tvils which have been occafioned, and muft ftill necel- * farily refult from the war which has been kindleil for fome years patl, would * think themfdvcs wanting to the duties of humanity, and particularly regard- * lefs of the interell they take in the prefervation and welfare of their refpedive ' kingdoms and fubjcfts, if they neglected to ufe proper meafurts towards check- * inu; the prcgrefs ot this cruel peftilence, and to contribute towards the re-e(lab- * lilhment of public tranquillity. It is with this view, and in order to afcertaiii ' the fincerity of their intentions in this refpedl, that their aforefaid Mnjefiies have * relblved to make the following declaration : : / * That they arc ready to fend I'lenipotentiaries to any place which fhall be * judged mod convenient, in order to treat, in conjunction, concerning a general * and firm peace, with thofe whom the Belligerant Powers fliali thirk proper to * authorize on their fide, towarils the accompliihnient of fo falutary an tvx\. ' J certify, that the above Declaiation is the fame which was difpatched to * me by the Farl of Holdernefic and the Baron Kniphauzen, in the name, and * on the part of their Hritmnic and Piufihin Majellies.' Given at the Cattle of Ryfvvick, this 25'^ November 1759. SiJined L. D. de Brunfwick. This declaration made no mention either of Sweden, or of the King of Poland, Elector of Saxony, two Powers who were principally intcrcltcd in the war. France f I C 7 J France and her Allies were not aware of tivs proceeding of the courts of I.-on- don and Berlin. They were obliged to wait for m anfwer from Pctcrlbourg, in order to tranfmir in common a counter ('eclaration, which the great dilbncc be- tween the countries obliged them to defer longer than France could have winieil. At length it was tranfmitted in the following terms, and the Courts ot London and Berlin never made any reply to it. No. II. Counter Declaration of His Moji Chrijlim Majefty, HEIR Britannic and PrufTian Majefties having thought proper to teflify, by a Declaration which was delivered on tl;eir parts at the Hague, the 25th of November laft, to the AinbafTlidors and Miniflers of the Courts of Verfailles, Vienna, and Peterfbourg, refident with their High Mightinefles the States General of the United Provinces, that, from a fincere defire of contri- buting to the re-eftabliOiment of public tranquillity, they were ready to fend Plenipotentiaries to any place which Ihould be judged moll convenient, in or- der to treat concerning that imj>ortant objedt with thofc whom the Bcliigerant: Powers (hould think proper to authorize on their parts, for the accomplifh- ment of fo falutary an end. * His Majefty the Moft Chriftian King, her Majefty the Emprefs Queen of Hungary and Bohemia, and her Majelty the Emprefs of all the Rudias, be- ing equally animated with a defire of contributing to the re-eftablifhment of public tranquillity, on a juft and folid footing, do declare in return, * That his Majefty the Catholic King having been pleafed to otter his media- tion with refpect to the war, which has fubfifted fome years between France and England •, and this war having no objecft in common with that which liis likewife for fome years been carried on by the two Emprefles with tlieir Allies, againft the King of PrufTia ; * His Moft Chriftian Majefty is ready to enter into a treaty of peace with England, fo far as it regards himfelf, through the good offices of his Catholic Majefty, whofe mediation he accepts with pleafure. * With refpeft to the war which diredly concerns his PrufTian Majefty, their riajefties the Moft Chriftian King, the Emprefs Qiieen of Hungary and Bo- hemia, and the Emprefs of all the RulTias, are difpofed to co operate towards the appointment of the propofed congrefs ; but as, by virtue of their treaties, they cannot enter into any engagements relative to peace, but in conjundtion with their Allies, it will be neceffary, in order that they may explain them- fclves prccifely on this fubjedt:, that their Britannic and PrufTian MajefUes would firft be pleafed to fend their invitation to the Congrefs, to all the Pow- ers who are directly at war with the King of PrufTia, particularly his Majelly of Sweden, as well as his Polifh Majefty Eledor of Saxony, who ought to be exprefly invited to the future Congrefs.* 8 In t 8 J In tliis Counter Declaration, France exprefly fcparatcd her particular war with F.nglnncl, whether in AtVicj, Alu, Amciica, or in Wcftph.ilia, frotn the war which was carried un in Saxony and hilcfu. The King ol Spain had cSen ofTer- ci) hifi gooit olBcrs to bung about a reconciliation between France and England. '1 hr reparation of the two wars, and the lender which his Catholic Majel^y made o\ his good oIFkcs, induccvi the King to \\i\)c that the fcparatc peace of France niighi Ik- ruccdshilly mgociatcd at the Couri ol London. In confequenceof this cxpc(flation, he ordered the Count D'Alfry, his Maj'.fty's AmbafTador at the I laguc, t<) enter into a conference with Generil Yorke, the Envoy Extraordinary from the King of Great Britain. Thofe two Minifters hud feveral conferences, which evidently proved that the Court of Lot.don was extremely averfe to an uccon'modation, and that the Declaration, whicl (he caufed to be tranfmitted by I'rincc Lewis of Brunfwick (to put the moit favourable conflruflion on it) was no more than an external adl of complaifance for her Allies, and thac (he abfo* iiitrly nevt-r intended it fliould take eft'ed. His Majefly was not difcouraged by the inflexibility he dill experienced on the part ot his enemies, from endeavouring to bring about ajud accommoda- tion. His M.ijcOy, in 17O1, thought pro|)er to declare his fentiments, and pa- citic inclinations to his al in. Me found them inclined to concur in any mfafiircs which might tacilitate and accelerate the re ertabliflimcnt of public peace, and in conlcquenct- of thcfe falutary difpofitions, all the Confederate Powers ai^rced to tranlmit the following declaration to London. .. ' No. III. 7'U Bechiraticn of kis Moji Chrijlivi Majffiy. \\\\ pacitic difpofitions which the King< of England and Pruflla ex- prelicd the laft year, and which are conformable to the fentiments of all the Bciligerant Powers, having met with fome difficulties which h'lve proved obflacles to their fucccfs, the Courts of France, Vienna, Peterfbiirg, Stockholm and Warfaw, have unanimoufly agreed to invite thofe of London anil Berlin, to the renewal of a Negotiation fo expedient for the welfare of mankind, and which ought to intereli all the powers at war in the caufe of luimnnity. • With this view, and in order to proceed towards the re-eflablifhment of peace, they propofe the meeting of a Congrefs, at which they think it will be convenient to admit, with the IMcnipotentiaries of the principal Bciligerant Powers, no (th r than thofe of their Allies. If the Kings of England and I'runVa adopt this meaiiire, his MolV Chrilli..n Majefty, the Emprefs Queen, the Emprels ot Kudia, the King of Sweden, and the King of Poland Eledor of Saxony, piopofe the town of Augfburg, as the place of Congrefs, whith they only point out as a town within the reach of all the parties interellcd, •.;hich by its lituuion fecms to fuit the convenience of all the States, and thy will not oj pofe the ciioi e of any other town in Germany, which their liiicannic and PrulTian M ijtlUvS m ly dcc;n more convenient. 2 * Ilia I [ 9 ] « Ills Moft C. *i-» Majcfty, the Fn-.prcTs Qiiwn, the Emprcfs of RulTia* « and the Kings or bwcdcn and Poland, declare farther, that ihcy liave made « clioicc of I'lcnipotcntiarics, to whom they will commit their interc(U at the * Congrcls, in cxpcdation that the King of l^nglunJ, the King of Pruflla, * and their Allies, will fpccdily make choice of their rcrpC(5live Miniftcrs, thac * the Nej;otiation may not be retarded. * The fjiicerity of this declaration, which the Courts of France, Vienna, Pc- * tcrflnjr[j, Stockholm, and Warfaw have, out of regard to the general good, * determined to make to the Courts of London and Berlin, gives them lo hope * that their Britannic and Piufllan Majcfties, will fignify, by a fpeedy mfwcr, * their lentiments on a fubjtd, fo eflirntial to the peace and welfare of Im ope. * By order, and in the name of his Mod Chridian M.ijilly, * Signed, the Dukr de Chi/ileul." This declaration, which concerned all the Allies in general, was not fufTici- ent to put a Hop to the mifcries of war, fo fpeelily as Trance could have wilhed. In tadl, what delays and perplexing incidents were not to be expedcd from a Congrifs at whiih the interells of America were to be treated o; at the fame time with tliofc of the two Emprcfles, Sweden, Saxony, and the King of PrulTia ! To remove thefe obftaclcs, the King, with the confent of his Allies, thought proper to prefs for a feparaiion of the two wars, which h \ l)een agreed upon fmce the year 1759. '" confequcnce of this intention, his Majefty cauftd a feparate Memorial to be addrefTed to the Court of London, which was accom- panied by a letter from the Duke de Choifeul, his Miniftcr and Secretary of State for foreign alVairs, to Mr. Pitt, Miniftcr and Secretary of State to hit Briunnic Majcfty. No. IV. Le:ier from tie Duke de Choifeul to Mr. Pitt. S I R, * 'TplI E King my Maftcr, ading in conformity with the fentimcnts of his Al- * "* lies, in order, if pofTible, to procure the re-eftablilhmeiit of a general * peace, has authorized me to tranfmit to your Excellency the Memorial liere- * to annexed, which folely concerns die intercfts of France and England, with * refpe^fl to the particular war between the two Crcwns. The King has reafon * to hope, that the fincere manner in which he propofes to treat with his * Britannic Majefty, will banifh .ill miflruft in the courfe of the Negotiation, * if it takes place, and will induce his Britannic Majcily to make the King ac- * quainted with his real fentimcnts, whether with regard to the continuance of * war, or with refpeft to the conclufnin of peace, as well as in relation to the ' principles on which they ought to proceed, in order to procure this blefTing to * the two nations. B * I will [ 10 ] « 1 win ;idcJ, that I am likewife authorized to aflure your Excellency, that in rf' nrinn ft) \\r unp in "■''•-'t, tV King of Pruflia is concerned, the Allies of Anz my Mailer are detei mined to treat of their interefts in the future Congrefs, with the i'ame franknefs and fincerity, of which I can give your Ex- cellency aniiranci^ on the part of France j and that, fo as not to depart from wh it is due to their dignity, their fituation, and to the demands of juftice, they will bring with rhem to the Negotiation all the acquiefccnce, which their humanity dilates for the general good of Europe. * I he King my Mailer, and his Allies, do not doubt but that they fhall find the heart of his Britannic Majefty and his Allies, imprelFcd with the fame Icntimenrs. I efteem it a happinefs that my office makes me the inftru- ment of conveying fuch favourable fentiments, which give me an opportuni- ty of sHTuring your Excellence, with what diftinguifhed confideration 1 have the honour to be, &c. No. V. Alemorial of the Chrijiian King. 'T' H E ioft Chriftian King vvi{}ies that the feparate peace of France with ^ England could be united with the general peace of Europe, which his Majefty moft fincerely defires to eftablifh ; but as the nature of the objeds which have occaficned the war between France and England, is totally fo- reign from the difputes in Germany, his Moft Chriftian Majefty has thought it necelTiry j ] • Such are tne fincere and upright intentions of the Kin^ my Mader for the re- tftablifhnicnc cf the public tranquility. I think myfclf happy in having the cha ge of conveying Inch ft-ntiments, and of iiavjng an opportunity of af] ring your F.xcelicncy ol the dillinguifhed regard with which 1 have the honc.r to be, (Jc. Signed W. Pitt. J!i No. VII. The Memorial of his BrUannic Majefty^ of the Sth of April lySi. * "I-IIS 'iritannic Majefty, equally dcfirous v»ith the Mod Chriftian King, th.it * the fepaiute Peace of l.ngland and France could be united with the gene- * ral peace, for which the King of Great Britain is fo fincerely interefled, that, * in regard to this point, he even means that the contefts which might arife be- ' tween the two Crowns concerning their particular differences, fliould notocca- ' fion the leaft delay to the fpecdy conclufion of fo falutary a work as the general * peace of Germany ; and his Britannic Majefty is the more confirmed in this * fcntiment, didtatcd by humanity towards fo many nations, that he feels in all * its extent the proportion which tiie Moft Chriftian King eftablifhes as a lunda- * mental principle \ that the nature of the objedts which have occafioned the v ar ' between England and France, is totally foreign from the difputes in Ger- ' many. * In confequence of this inconteflible principle, the King of Great Britain en- * tirely adopts the fentiment of his Moft Chriftian Majefty, that it is necefTary to * agree between the two Crowns on fome principal articles, which may form the * bafia of their particular negociaiicus, in order the more to accelerate the con- * clufion of a general peace.' * The King of Great Britain equally agrees in general to the propofition which * the Moft Chriftian King has made \nih. an opennefs, in which his Britannic * Majefty will concur throughout the courfe of the negotiation •, that is to fay, * that, in relation to the particular war between England and France, i. The * two Crowns fliall remain in polTeflion of what they havd conquered, one from ' the other. 2. That the fituation in which they ftiall ftand at certain periods, * fliall be the pofuion to fervc as a bafis for the Treaty which may benegociated * between the two Powers. * With regard to the firft branch of the aforefaid propofition, his Britannic Ma- * jefty takes pieafuie in doing juftice to the magnanimity of His Moft Chriftian * Majefty, who, from motives of humanity, determines to facrifice to the love * of peace, the reftitution which he thinks \ ^. has a right to claim, maintaining * at the farr.. dmewhat he has conquered from England during the couife of * the war. * With refpcfl to the fecond head of the aforefaid propofition, concerning * the reciprocal Conquefts made by the two Crowns one upon iinothcr i that is to ' fay, That the fuuation in which they fliall ftand at the iefpe(ftive periods af- ' figncd E 14 ] * figned for the different quarters of the globe, (hall fcrve as a bafis for the faid * Treaty, the King of Great Britain again acknowledges with fatisfaftion the * candour which is manifefted on the part of his Moft Chriftian Majcfty in this * article, by obviating, as he has done, the extreme difficulties, and by antici- * nating the indifpenfable objeflions, which could not but arife on fuch a fub- ' jcd J it being in fadl felf-evident, that expeditions at fea requiring prepaiati- * ons of long (landing, and depending on navigations which are uncertain, as * well as on the concurrence of feafons, in places which are often too diftant for * orders relative to their execution to be adapted to the common vicilTitudes of * ncgociations, which for the moft part are (ubjedt to difappointments and de- * lays, and are always fludtuating and precarious : from whence it nece(rarily re- * fults, that the nature of fuch operations is by no means fufccptible, without pre- * judice to the party who employs them, of any other epochas, than thofe which * have reference to the day of figning the treaty of peace. * Neverthelefs as this confideration, as well as that which refpefts the Com- * penfations (if fuch (hall be found proper to be made between the two Crowns) ' on account of their reciprocal Conquefts, comprehend the moft interefting and * capital articles of the Treaty, and as it is upon thefe two decifive objects, that * the Moft Chriftian King voluntarily offers to enter into a Ncf ociation 1 the King * of Great Britain, defiringto concur effedually with the favourable difpofitions * of the Moft Chriftian King, in order to remove all impediments, which mighr. * defer the falutary objeft of peace, his Brittannic Majefty declares that he is ' ready on his part to enter upon the propofed Negotiation with fpeed and fincerity. * And more authentically to demonftrate to what extent the fincerity of his con- * du6l proceeds, his Britannic Majefty declares farther, that he (hould be glad * to fee fome perfon at London fufficiently authorized, by a power from the Moft ' * Chriftian King, to enter upon this fubjedl with the Britidi Minifters, in re- * garJ to the feverai articles contained in the Letter of the D. de Choifeul of » the 26th of March 1761, to the Secretary of State of his Britannic Majefty, * which points are fo ellentially interefting to the two Powers. * By the order, and in the name of the King of Great Britain my Mafter, Signed W. Pitt. The Letter oF the Englifh Minifter (hews, in appearance an equal zeal with that of France, for the re-eftablifhment of the Union between the two Crowns : it contains, moreover, a declaration in favour of the King of PrufTia, which fecms foreign to the purpofe, and appears the more affedled, as the King never teftifie^l the leaft defire to feparace the alliance which united England to his Pruf- fian Majefty. The Britifti Memorial, annexed to the letter of the Englifh Minifter, accepts the Siatu }^40, but fays nothing with regard to the epochas. In fa(5l, it is con- cluding nothing with regard to that interefting and neceflary objed: attached to t!ie propofition of Vii Prjfjdetis, to fay that the peace (hall be the epoch to fix the poflcITions oi: the two powers. 4 Ia 4 r 15 1 In the conclufion, England propofcd the fending of a French Minifter to Lon- don. This propofition g.ivc a favourable omen of the dilpofitions of the Britilh Court towards peace. The King ordered the D. de Choifeiil to return an an- fwer to Mr. Pitt, and to accompany it with a Memorial which, at the fame time that it clearly exprcfled his Majefty's real fentiments, contained an ac- ceptance of tile propof.l for fending a Minifter to London, which required the reciprocaliry of difpatching an Englifh Minifter to France. No. VIII. Letter from the D. de Choifeul to Mr. Pitt. SIR, Verfailles, 19th April, 1761. T Made the King my mafter acquainted with the letter which your Excellency ■■• did me the honour to write to me on the 8th inftant, as well as with the Memorial thereto annexed. * His Majtfty has remarked with real pleafure, the conformity of his Britan- nic Majefty's fentiments with his own, in regard to the fincere and open con- duft which it becomes two fuch great Powers to obferve in the Negotiation of a Peace. * The King has not delayed. Sir, the nomination of an AmbaflTador to re- preient him at the Congrefs at Augft)urg. His M.ijifty has made choice of the Count de Choifeul, at prefent his AmbaflTador at Vienna, and he will re- pair to the town appointed, at the beginning of July, in the expe(5lation which we entertain here, that his Britannic Majelly will lend his AmbaflTador thither at the fame time. * The King has commanded me. Sir, to obferve on this occalion to your Excellency, in anfwer to the declaration contained in your letter, that his Ma- jefty, as conftant as any other Power, in fulfilling the engagements he has made with the Allies with the moft fcrupulous punctuality, will continue, with that fidelity which is confident with the integrity and dignity of his charadlcr, to make his caufe common with theirs, whether in the negotiation for the peace of Germany, or in the continuance of the war, if, to the misfortune of man- kind, the favourable difpofitions in which the Belligerant Powers are at prefent fliould not be attended with the fuccefs which is fo carneftly defired. * I ought not, on this occafion, to omit informing your Excellency with what concern the King would fee himfclf obliged to continue fuch a deftrudive war,, after having entertained a confidence that all the parties were interefted in j ut- ting a ftop to the calamities it occafions. * As to what relates to the war in particular between France and England, I have annexed to this letter a Memorial in reply to that of your Excellency. We cannot be too zealous in explaining the upright intentions of our Mafters, in order to remove, at the beginning of this interelling negotiation, thofe mifun- derftandings, which often augment, inftead of leflTening the delay. * You arc a Minifter, Sir, too enlightened, not to approve of this principle. * I have the honour to be, v.'ith moft diftinguiflied regard, &c. ' Signed Le Due de Choifeul.' No. IX, t 16 ] No. IX. The Memorial of his Moji Chrijlian Majejly of the iglb Jprilj lySi. THE Moll Chriftian King perceives with fatisfadlion, that his Britannic Majefty agrees that the nature of the objedbs which have occafioned the war between France and England is totally foreign from the ^ifputes which have given rife to the war in Germany -, it is in confequence of this principle that his Moft Chriftian Majefty offered the King of England to treat concern- ing the preliminaries relative to the particular interefts of the two Crowns ; but in making that propofition, the King of France, did not underftand, as the beginning of the Memorial of London of the 8th of April feems to inti- mate, that the peace of Germany could take place, without the differences between France and England being adjufted. His Moft Chriftian Majefty has fufficient confidence in his Allies to be certain that they will neither conclude a peace nor a treaty, without his conlent. He did not underftand therefore, that the peace of Germany could be concluded diftindlly from that of France and England, and he only propofed to the King of England, to feparate the difcufficn of the two wars, in order to bring about a general peace for all parties. ' His Moft Chriftian Majefty renews the propofition which he caufed to be made in the firft Memorial, that the two Powers fhould remain in S/a^u ^10 with regard to their poffellions and conquefts, according to the periods ftated in the faid Memorial, but his Majefty obferves, that the bafis of the propo- fition is neceffariiy connefled with the epochas propofed ; for it is eafy to con- ceive that fuch events may happen on either fide, as may abrolutely prevent an acquiefcence to the Vti Poffidetis^ if the epochas are diftant-, and his Moft Chriftian Majefty has the more reafon to recal the whole propofition, if the King of En- gland does not acquiefce to the epochas annexed to it, fince no one can doubt but that thofe periods were propofed at a time when they were not advantage- ous to France. * It is certain that the reciprocal conquefts cannot be afcertained but on the day ot figning the peace •, but it is no lefs certain, that it is impoffible to fix the bafis of a negotiation for peace, otherwife than according to the fituation in which the Be!ligcrant Parties ftood at fuch or fuch a period of the war. This is the light in which the King ci Fr^ince underftood the propofition which he made to the King ot England ; and it is upon this principle, it his Britannic Majcfiy adopts it, that his Moft Chrifti.in Majefty will fend a Minifter to Lon- don with credentials, and chargec with full power fufficient to treat with the Miniftcrs of the Kii g of Great Britain, either with refpedl: to the ground of the difpute, or in regaril to the compcnfations proper to be made to the two Crowns, as well as concerning the intt^refts of thtir colonies and their commerce. 1 he difpofition of his Moft Chriftian Majefty, to put an end to the mi(e- ric'i of war, which divides the two nations under their government, is equal to that of his Britannic Majefty ■, but as the zeal on both fides fhould be alike, at the fame time that the Moft Chriftian King fliali fend M. Buffy to London, * he C 17 ] * he hopes that the King: of Great Britain will fend an Enghfh Minlftcr to France, * to treat concerning the iWme objedh wich his Miniftry. His Mod Chriltiaii * Majerty cxpefts the anl'wcr of his liritannic Majelly on the contents of this Me- ' morial, in order to expedite and rsccive the reciprocal and neccflary pafTports, ' 9y the order and in the name ot the King my Maftcr, ' • .? •; -M I'ithij m^H, Ji'.- > 1 ., * Signed Le Due de Choifcul,* Mr. Pitt's nnfwer contained a new Memorial on the part of England, in which their argJiinents with refpeCt to the epochs wcr^' lar trom being juil: lor, altho* France propofed, by the Mj morial of tlie 26th of March, to negotiate with re- fpefl to the epochs, it v as not the lefs certai:i, t!iat the propoficion of Uii p'JJidi- Jis was conne^Ved wtth thofe ef>ochs, whether the Courts agreed that they fhouki be difbnt or near. In faifl, if it (hould hap; c<\ rhat they could not agree in thac narticuFar, it was evident that the propofition of Uti poffidciis dropped with the Negotiation. No. X. Monsieur, uir.ir. * T Have laid before the King my mafter the letter which your Excellency did • * me the honour to ^rrite to nie the 39th of this month, as alfo Mr. Pin*s Idler to the Duke de Cho'ifiuU jykiteballt 28 th April, 1761. cellency d the Memo- rial which was annexed to it. ' His Majefty fincereiy wifhes to maintain an entire conformity of fentimenrs with his Moft Chriftian Majefty, in reUuon to the uniform and direCl method which it is proper to purfue in a Negotiation equally delicate and important. * The King underftands. Sir, with pleafure, that his Moft Chriftian Majefty has made choice of the Count de Chcifeul to reprcfent him at the Congrcfs ac Angfl>urg, and that that AmbafTador will repair to the deftined town at the be- ginning of July i and the King has charged me to inform your Excellency, that he has nominated the Earl of Egremont, Lord Vifcount Stormont, and Sir Jofeph York, to reprefent him at the faid Congrefs, and that his AmbalTadors will iikewife repair to Augfbufg at the beginning of July, * It becomes me, on this fubjeft, to acquaint your Excellency, that the re- gret of the King my maft;er would not be lefs than that of the Moft Chriftian King, to fee the war continued in Germany, which is deftru6live to fo many nations. ' I annex to this letter a Memorial, in anfwer to that of your Excellency of the 19th inftant, in relation to the war in particular between Great Britain and France. It is true. Sir, the principle of removing mifunderftandings in bufi- nefs, upon ail occafions, cannot be too highly approved •, therefore it cannot efcape the obfervation of your Excellency, that at the beginning of an accom- modation, unexpe»5ted alteration's naturally have the efFe«^ of involving the over- tures in obfcurity and uncertainty, rather than of introducing that perfpicuicy and confidence, fo indifpenfable in a Negotiation between two fuch great C * Powers. [ IS ] *■ Powers. As the natural remedy agalnft inconveniences of this nature fccms to * be the prcfcnce of reciprocal Minifters, wiio, treating by word of mouth, may * give an explanation immediately on ftarting of a doubt, your ExcclKncy will * lee by the Memorial hereto annexed, tht difj ofition of his Mnjelly in this * relped. * I have the honour to be, with the moft diftinguifhcd regard, iifc. * Signed W. Pitt.* No. XT. '1 i!ii." T'bs Memorial of his Britannic Majejly of the zZtb of Aprils 1761. IIE King of Great Britain, always influenced by the fame defire of putting an end to i\\t miferies of the war, which is unhappily kindled between Great Britain and France, has with pleafurc concurred in every meafurc which tend; to remove the obftades which impede fo falutary a work. It is with this view, that his Britannic Majefty will readily fend Mr. Stanley to France, in the quality of his Minifler, at the fame time that the Moft Chriftian King fhall fend Mr. BufTy to London. * As to what remains, his Majefty does not find by the Memorial of the 26th of laft month, made in the name of his Moft Chriftian Majefty, that the ground of the piopofition therein contained, concerning the reciprocal conquefts, is ne- ccflarily connected with the periods propofed j quite on the contrary j it is cxprefsly about thofe very periods that the Moft Chriftian King offers to enter into a Negotiation. Thefe are the exprefs words : Neverthelefs, as his Majefly may think that the pt opofed periods of September, July, and May, may be either too near or too diflant for the interefts of the Britijh Crown, or that his Britannic Majefty fhould think proper that compenfation fhould be made for the whole or part of the reciprocal conquefts of the two Crowns •, upon thefe two points, the Moft Chriftian King will readily enter into a Negotiation with his Britannic Majefty^ when he fhall be acquainted with his intentions. * it was in confequence of an offer fo clearly expreflcd, and not capable of mif- conflruftion, that his Britannic Majefty refolved to declare, that he was ready on his part to enter, with fpeed and fincerity, upon the propofed Negotiation. The King of Great Britain, perfcvering in his intentions, renews his former declaration ; and his Britannic Majefty, to leave no doubt with regard to his inclinations, has forwarded the palTport hereto annexed, and will be glad to receive one immediately in return from the Court of France, that, by means of a treaty by word of mouth, as well with rcfpeft to the grounds of the difpute, as in relation to the epochs, as alfo in regard to the compenfation which may be agreed on between the two Crowns, they may be better able on both fides r.o clear up doubts, and remove all ambiguities from the Negotiation, which, in order to be tfiedual, fhould be condudcd on both fides with fincerity, pre- cifion and expedition. ' By the order, and in the name of the King, my Mafter, I ' Signed W. Pitt.* . ' " " ' The ( • I i Th r .19 J paHports for Mr. BuflTy being arrived, tlie King ordered thofc ncctCfary for Mr. Stanley to be expedited, and the difpatcli of the relpedlivc Miiiifters for the important Negotiation on foot, was fettled by the Letters here annexed. ii 'i: 11.; . r..; ,. rjjcj-r , No. XII. teller from the D. de ChrAfeuI to Mr. Pitt. S 1 R, 'T^HE King, my Mafter, entirely adopts the principle advan'-ed in the letter -*• with which your Excellency honoured me on the 2Sth of lalt Month, a» like^ife in the Memorial thereto annexed, with refped to the necelTity of dif- patching refpeftive Miiiifters, in order to elucidate a number of difficulties, which it is impoflible to obviate jy letters and memorials. I fliould never- thelefs have been proud of the honour of negotiating fo important an affair perfonally with your Excellency. No one has a higher confidence than mylelf in the integrity and the uncommon talents which your Excellency pofTefles, and I do prefume, that the intentions of the Kings, our Matters, being at cnce de- termined on peace, the fagacity of your Excellency, joined to my zeal for fo precious a blefling, would have fmoothed all difficulties ; but as our employs neceflarily keep us at a diftance from a pcrfonal Negotiation, M. dc BulTy, who is Uled to trandidl bufinefs with me, will fupply, near your Excellency, the defire I have of concurring in the falutary views of peace, which feem to animate all the bclligerant Powers. I entreat your Excellency to grant hini your ftvour, and I am certain that he will ufe his utmoft endeavours to de-' ferve it. * Your Excellency will fee by my private letter, to which his Majefty*s pafT- ports for Mr. Stanley are annexed, fome precautionary arrangements, which I propofe to be fettled, in order to prevent the inconveniences which might arife on the firfl: difpatch of the refpedlive Minifters. * 1 have the honour to be, &c. * Signed Lc Due de Choifeul.' •' i .' ' ' • ' ^ No. XIII. Jmther Letter from the D. de Choifeul to Mr. Piit^ of the 4th May, 1 761. * T Have received the paflport of the King of Great Britain, which your Excel - * ■*■ lency did me the honour to fend for M. Bufly, in the quality of Minifler * of the King, my Mailer ; and 1 fend you in return his Majefty's paflport for * Mr. Stanley, whom his Britannic Majeily has been pleafed to appoint in order * to come to this Court in the fame capacity. I think it my duty, on this occa- * fion, Sir, to make fome obfervations, which feem to me neceflary to warrant * the execution of the commiffions of thofe two Minifters. 1 . * The King thinks, that his Britannic Majefty will judge it convenient that * the two Minifters fliould be charged with full power from the refpedive Courts * to ufe upon occafion. . .'. . .. .. ' .. C 2 " «. * That ' 4 t t t < * i t t I i t « i t ( i i ( t, [ 20 ] 2. * That the two Minlflcrs Qwulci each of them have Letters of Credence from the Kinj^s, their MaltcrR, which tbcy fhall deliver to the refpcdUve Se- cretaries of State only -, that is to fay, in France, to the Miniftcr and Secretary of State fur the I'.epaitnunt of Foreign Affairs-, and in England, to the Mini- ver and Sccrt t.iry of State for the Southern Department. cj. * As his Maj lly's intention is, that the F'nglifli Minifter fhall enjoy the fame privilege in iVance, as if the two Courts were in the midfl: of peace, as well with regard to the common inttrcourfc of life, as in maintaining a CQrre- fp'.ndince wuh the Court of England and the other Courts ( f Europe, and lallly, for the dilpatch of his couriers, ;ind with refpedt to all the prerogatives and (ranchifes in general incident to his character •» his Majefty relies, that M. BalVy will abfolutcly enjoy the fame rights, prerogatives, franchifes and liberties, at London i it being underllood neverthelefs, that when one or the other arc aLx)ut to difpatch their couriers to their own or any other Court, they fliaJl be obliged to require a paflport from the Secretary of State in that depart- ment, which Ihall not be refufcd to them, any more than the neceflary vcfTel to tranr,.ort tl^cir couriers from France to England, and from England to France. : •.,..•' i , • _ . . 4. * We defire to know when Mr. Stanley will be ready to leave London in order to repair to Calais, in order to dired M. Bufl'y's journey, fo tliat he may repair to Calais at the fame time, to be tranfported to England in the fame vefTcl wliich brings Mr. Stanley over, if that is agreeable to the Court of Great Britain : if not, the King will keep a vefTel, in the Port of Calais, which fhall tranfport M. BufTy to England, in which cafe it will be proper to know what kind ofvcflcl his Britannic Majefty will chufe to bring Mr. Stan- ley to Calais. * I believe your Excellency will find ihefe obfcrvations proper, arw3 that y©u will fend me your anfwer as foon as pofTible. ■ . . No. XIV. Air. Piu's /hfiver tc the Duke De ChoifeuU of the nth May^ i'^6t, * S I R, ' • npHE King my Mafler has learnt with real fatisfaflion, by the letter which ^ your Excellency did me the honour to write of the 4th of this month, that the fentiments of the Moft Chriflian King are conformable to thofe of his M ijc fly with refped to the mutual difpatch of the Miniftecs from the two Courts. ' I hope your Excellency will be persuaded, that T have a lively fenfe of the va'ue of thofe obliging fentiments with which you have been pleafed to honour me, and that, confcious as I am of your fuperior qualities, which have engaged the approbation of every Court, I perceive in its full extent how flatterino' a fircumilance it would have been for me to have had the honour of creating per- * fonuliy i * 1! I oy the cc, as CQrre- e, and ativc's > thac es and or the they It'part- vefTtl ind to 4 [ 21 T * fonaliy with your Excellency upon (o intcrefting an objeft, and to have fliared * with you, in point of zeal U r the profperous conduft of the Peace, the fa- * ti>fd(5lion of co-operating more immediately to give the people afllirance of * the cftlds of the falutary difpofiiions of the Kings our Mailers. I (hall never- * thclefs take real pleafure, upon all occafions, to nay the rcrpc(fl due to M. Buf- * fy's charadcr, as well as to his merit ; and I can afTure you. Sir, that the * happinefs which that Minifter has had, of being ufed to tranfafl bufincfs with * your Kxcellency, is an additional circumftance which cannot but intercft me * extremely in his behalf. * I am |-)erfuaded that Mr. Stanley, who is dcfcended from an iliuflrious faml- * ly, and who entertains noble fentiments, will ufe all his endeavours to merit * the honour of your Excellency's eftccm, and he wifhes to be recommended to ' your favour. ' You will fee. Sir, by my private letter, the refledlions which have occurred * in relation to the precautionary arrangements, which your ExcelJcncy propofed * to fettle, and 1 hope chat no farther impediments will remain on this fub- * jecl. • I have the honour to be, &c. - * • • Signed W. Pitt." .,j . ' 'I ■ , .1 ■■' ^ • '' ■ ' • No. XV. Another Letter from Mr. Pitt to the D. de Choifeul, of the i\th May^ lyOi, ••SIR, ' . , . . A . T Have received the three paflports, which your Excellency has done me the * honour to tranfmit for Mr. Stanley, in quality of Minifter from the King my Maftcr, and I in return tranfmit to you a fecond, which his Majefty has granted for the vefTcl v/hich the Moft Chriftian King (hall think proper to oruer for tranfporting M. Bufly into England ; and I annex the order to the Officers of the cuftoms, for the free importation of the effeds and baggage of the faid Mi- nifter. * As to what relates. Sir, to tlie obfervations -which you thought yourfclf obliged to make, to warrant the execution of the commifllon of thofe two Minifters, it is with great fatisfadkion I aflure your Excellency, that the King, in • conformity with the fentiments of his Moft Chriftian Majefty, is of opinion, T. * That the two Minifters fbould be charged with ample power from th« • Kings their Matters, to make ufe of as occafion Ihall offer. 2. * That the two Minifters ought, each of them, to have Letters of Cre- * dence from their Majefties, which they fhall not need to deliver but to the Secretaries of the rel[jcdlive States, in ^he manner fpccificd by your Excel- lency. 3' If. [ 2' 1 ... . , 3. * It is the intention of his Miijclly, tliat M. Biifry ftioulil abfuliitely en- joy in England, the lan^e ri.^.lus, prcrog.icivcs, tranchifrs and liberties, as if tlic two Courts were in tlic midil ot" pcaco, and whiih Mr. Stanley, in purfii- ane ol the intLntiun ot i»is Moll Chi lUi.in M.ijdty, is to crjny In Francej and th.ic as to the difputch of Courii-is, as wtH asevciy thinp; elfc which con- cerns the two Minifters, the tenor of the thiril Artitlc ot Oblervaiions relative * to this head, fliail be obfcrNcd in every refpciit. * As to what remains, concerning the innc of the departure of tlie faid Mi- * nifters, as alio concerning the n anner of their croflini; the fca, the King is of opinion, that in order (o obviate all difficulties, Mr. Stanley and M. BuflTy may rcfpeftivcly repair to Dover and Calais, to crofs the Jca each of them in a vcfill ap[)( rtaining to their own nation, which the Kings their Mafters fliall keep reatly for that purpole in the two ports alorefaid. It is in confidence of this difpofition, that 1 am obliged to acquaint your Excellency, that the King will difpatch Mr. Stanley from London, fo that he may reach Dover on the 23d of this month, unlcls we learn that a time lb near at hand (hould be inconvenient to the Court of France; and the King my Mailer rtlics, with full confidence, in M. lUifTy's repairing to Cilais on the aforcl'aid day, that the two Minifters may ciofs the fea without delay, as far as tlie circumftances of winil and navigation 'vill permit them. 1 wdl add to your Kxcellency, that Mr. Stanley will make ufc of a packet-boat from Dover, and that M. Bufly may crols from Calais :o England in whatever vcflll hiS Moll Chrillian Majeft/ * fliall judge convenient. ' I (latter myfelfthat your Excellency will find that thefc arrangements will * equally facilitate the method of the two Minillcis repiiring to their rtcipro- * cil dtllinations without inconvenience. • * I have the honour to be, &c. " Signed W. Titt." The Courts in alliance with France, without oppofing this Negotiation with the Court of London, exprefTed great uneafinefs an the reciprocal difpatch of the two Minifters : they were encouraged, however, by the promife which the King made to them, of communicating with the ucnioil confidence, a detail of the* llveral objeds which fhould be treated of, either at London or Vcrfaillcs, In the Det. '.ration made to them on the part of the King, they at once admired hi.^ Majefly's Iteadinel's to his engagements, and that generofity with which he dc- urmin.d to facrifice his pcrlonal intereils, in order to come to a fpeedy and firm reconciliation with England. M. Bud)' let out for London : his infl:rii6lions were extremely fimple : the ba- fis of them regarded the propofition of Uii Pojfidetis^ and he was enjoined, 1. To demand of the Britifh Minifter, whether the King of England accepted of the periods annexed to the propofition of Statu ^^ and if his Britannic Ma- jefty did not accept of them. What new periods he propofed to France .? : > 2. To declare to the Court of London, That the war which the King wag^d ngainft England, was entirely dillinct from that of the Emprefs Queen againft ^ the i i t as ] the King of PrufTia, atul tliat coiilVqucntly, pxccpt as to \Vc'eI ami Gufldres, wliich appcruincil lo hci Imperial Majclly, the King was at liberty to caii(e his fonts to tvacuare G.)ttingcn, IIcJlc, and the county of I lanau, but that his Majcly maiic this evacuation to depend on two conditions: Firll, Thar the Court o\ i'.Mgland flujuld ^ivc proper Iccurity, that the army commamled by Prince Kcr* tlinand ihould be dilbandcd, and not H:rvc againft the King's Allies, Secondly, That his Hritann.c Majcfty would agree on fome rellitution which fliould bo juiiged reafonable on the part of Kngland, as a compenfation tor tlie French troops evacuating Gottingen, the Landgraviatc of I lefTc, and the county of Hanau. Mr. Stanley arrived at Marly at the famfc time that Mr. HufTy arrived at Lon- don. I he Knglifh Minilter, at the very firft conference, declared in the name of his court, that the King his Mailer would fupport his Allies with Efficacy ^nJ ^ood Faith CTheli: wi-re the terms he maile u(e of.) The King's Minitler who conferred with Mr. Stanley, anfwercd him by a Declaration equally precife, with relpedl to his Majefly's intention to fuliil his engagements with regard to the Allies of France : but as the Peace between the Fmprefs Queen and the King of Pruflia was to be negociated at the Congrcfs at Aug{bourg, which was fixed for the pacification of Germany, the D. de Choifeul obferved that ihe difi^crcnces be- tween her Imperial Majelly and the King of PrufTia were by no means the fub- jed on which the French and Englifli Minifters were reciprocally difpatched. The fubfequent conferences pafTed in difcufTing the periods fixed in the Memo- rial of the 26ih March i -but the Englilli Minifter, both at London and at Pari?, eluded giving any pofitive anfwiT on that fubjed. It is necellary to obferve, that the Britifh Court had refolved on the enterprize againft Bellcifle, fince the Memorial of the month of March. The expectation of fuecefs from that Fxpedicion, no doubt retarded, on their part, a categorical anfwer in relation to the epochs. Mr. Pitr, being preflcd on that fubjecJl: by M. Bulfy, had (hewn himfilf averfe from declaring any thing decifive ; en which his Majefty wrote to his Minifter at London, to eluciJ.ite and fix precilely the bafis of the Negociation, relative to the Vti Poffidelii and the epochs, and by that means to accelerate the Ne^ocii- tion of peace. The illand of Btllciflc was taken : Mr. Pitt then gave M. BufTy the Memorial here annexed. No. XVI. I'he Memorial of the Britijh Miniftcr of the i yth June iy6i. ^/|R. Stan-Iey having reprefentcd by his letter of the 8th of June, that the n. de Choifeul, in the courfe of their conferences, hal agreed That the epochs mitft fiill rcm.iin a matter of Negociation^ but that his Excellency never the I- fs ivas of opinion^ that in the f-rejent fiate of that affair^ according to the natural and ujuaV courfe of things^ Us Mofi Chriflian Majejiy having a'ready named the \ft of September^ Juiy^ and May^ his Britannic A'ajejly fliould proceed, either by accept- ing of thofe days, or by naming others mere agreeable to his intentions, which 'ujcre prabably regulated by preparations and deftgns of which the Court of France was ig- norant ; [ 24 ] )wra)ji i tf.'Ji thii wctlod appeared to bm mire likely to exfe.Uie the hufinefs than the making of re- it crated ■prcpofitions on their fart ^ ivhich coidd only be grounded on mere ionjetlurc. It is upon this footing, that, in order to make a return to the above invitation on the p.irt of France, as well as in confequence of his Majerty's having accepted the propofition of the faid Court of the 26th March lafl:, his Majelly offers to agree with the Moft Chriflian King, that the firft day of July, September and November following, Iha'.l refpeftively be the diffe- rent periods or epochs, to fix the Uti Pojfidetis which France has propofed to make the bafis of the treaty which may be negociated between the two Powers. ' All other cor.quefts made beyond thofe periods fhall be mutually reftojed. * But as his Majefty is of opinion that epochs which have no reference to the ac- tual fignature of fomething obligatory between the two Crowns, muft necef- ' farily be or.ly a vain illufion, void of ufe or reality ; or that it might even hap- ^ pen that in the end they may prove the fource of intricate difputes, and dan- ^ gcrous and captious altercations ; and the King having no other view but to ' concur with the upright intentions of his Moft Chriftian Majefty, in accelerat- ' ing and confirming the blefling of peace to both nations, his Majefty only of- ' fers to agree to the aforefaid epoch, on the two following conditions : ' I. That every thing which fliall be happily adjufted between the two Crowns, » in relation to their particular war, (hall be made obligatory, final, and conclu- * live, independent of the fate of the Negociation at Augfbourg, which is to com- * pofe and terminate the difputes of Germany, and to re-ettablifh a general ' peace. ' 2. That the faid definitive Treaty of Peace between Great Britain and France * fliall be co:icluded, figned and ratified, or preliminary articles to that end, be- * tween this and the firft of Auguft next. * Thi; Reftitution of the prizes taken at fea, fhall be regulated according to ' fhe refpedive terms which are ufual for different parts of the globe; which * terms are to be computed from the day of the fignature of the laid definitive * treaty, or of prelimina>y articles of peace, in cafe a ratification enfues. * The King defiring farther to facilitate the falutary work of Peace, as far as ' reafon and juftice will admit, declares moreover, that with regard to Bellcifle, * his Majefty will agree, in the faid future Treaty, to enter into compenfation for * that important coiiqueft. ' With regard to farther compenfations for any part oi" the other conquefts ' -nade by the Crown of Great Britain, his Majefty refcrves himfelf, till he fliall * learn wiiat arc the Moft Chriftian King's defires it. that rcfpeft, which when * he fliall know, his Majefty will open himfelf with perfed fincerity and good * faith.' We fee by this Memorial, the epochs which England required to deterYhine the Uti pqffideiis, were farther diftant by two months than thole offered by France ; aiul it was evident that as the enterprize againft Belleifle had d(?terniincU Iing'and to defer her anfwer with regard to the epochs, fo the fuccefs of that expedition had made them refglve to fix the term of July for Europe, rp?c;Iied in the Englifli riae. ^glifli [ 25 ] Englifli Memorial, inllcad of May, which was propofed by the French Mtino- li.il. lingland made the epochs fhe afllgncd depend on two conditions, The firft of thole conditions deparfed both from tlie letter and the fj-iritof the Memorial of tiie 26th of March : foi although France had propofed to treat of a peace fepa- rately with England; neverthelefs his Majefty's intention was not regulated by this principle of the negotiation, that peace could be concluded with England, without providing for the peace of Germany, In fa6t, the Memorial of the :6th March, from which the Court of England drew fuch advantageous arguments, o{)cned with this exprcfTion, The Alcji Chrijiian King is defirous ibat the particular -peace of France 'with England Jhoitld be united -joilh the general peace of Europe. The fecond condition, with refpedl to difcufling and fettling the Articles, fo that they might be figned and ratified by the ift of Augufl, was very dilBcult to be fuhiUed in regard to a War, which extended over the four quarters of the globe, this condition propofed by England not being known to France till the end of June. France returned no fpecific anfwer to the Memorial of the Court of London j but verbally acquiefced, as far as pofTible, to the fecond condition : and with re- gard to the hrft, the King required the confent of the Court of Vienna, to con- clude a feparate peace with England. This Confent was neceffary, fince, from the beginning, as is before mentioned, it was agreed betvvecn her Majelly and his allies, that they fhould treat of peace feparately \ but that all the belligcrant par- lies Ihould con-iC to a conclufion together. Though the Emprefs Qiieen was perfedlly fenfible of the prejudice which the alliance miglr: fullain by a negociation in Germany, at a time that France was ac peace with England ; yet her Imperial Majefly, to oblige the King, agreed, on this occafion, to facrifice her own intereft tothedcfire which his Majefty exprefTed for the eftablifhmcnt of peace. This princcfs confcntcd to the feparate accom- modation of France with England, upon this exprels and equitable condition, that nothing ihould be therein llipulattd, which might be contrary to the interefb of the Houfe of Auftria. 1 he conclufion of th^ Britifli Memorial contained a Propofition for France co makefome overtures with regard to the compenfations. The King availed himfelf of this intimation, and ordered a Memorial to be prepared, including fpecific pro- policions, v/hich put the negociation in a proper train, and fixed its bafis on ex- prcfs and determinate points. France was perfectly fenfible how difadvantageous it was to her, to Mj„.ke her enemies acquainted with the favourable conditions which it was agreed to allow them, in c.rder to luccced in the re eftabliihment of pt^acc : fhe was confcious, that it was juft and rcafonable tor France, who made the firft propofition of IJti pcff.dclis^ to wait till England explained iierfclf concerning the Compenfations: Ixit flie Haltered hrrltlf, that England was fincerely defirous of re-ellablifhing the union between the two Crowns •, and the advantages, which would redound to I'^ngland from the ofix^rs of France, were fo vifible and extenfive, that there was no iUfpicion that the Court of London would incrcafe the diflicuUics of a ntgo- D ciatiyn « i *? [ i^ 1 c'ution, wliich France was zealous to terminate without delay, and to the fatif- faflion of the two powers. Before a Memorial of propolitions was fcnt in form to the court of London, his Majcfty's Miniiler, entrulled to confer with M. Stanley, gave him previous afliirances of the facrifices which his Majelly had rcfolved to make. He autho- j-ized him to write word, that France would guaranty the pofleffion of Canada to England, provided that England would reftore to the King the ifland of Cape Breton, and confirm the right of the French to filh, and dry their filh, in the gulf or St. Lawrence, upon the coa ft, and in the ifland, of Newfoundland. As the ifland of Cape Breton, if fortified, might afford England matter of jealoufy, the French Minifter told M. Stanley, that the King engaged to defl:roy all the fortifications which might remain in that ifland, and not to ereft any new ones upon any pretence whatever. The port of Louifbourg being to be confidered only as a fli'elter for the fifliermen in the gulf of St. Laurence, and on the coaft of Newfoundland, France offered to reftore the ifland of Minorca to England, pro- vided they would give up the iflands of Guadaloupe and Marigalante in return. 'With regard to the Eaft Indies, they propofed that the treaty of the Sieurs Godeheu and Saunders, made in the year 1755, fhou'd be confirmed. That treaty, although advantageous to the Englifli Company, was judged to be moft: effedual for maintaining peace between the two Companies, and to recal them to views of commerce much more analogous to their reciprocal intcrefts, than profpefts of conqucfts, which had hJtherto kept them at variance. With refped to Africa, France required that England fliould reftore either Senegal or Goree, and on thofe conditions the King declared that he would eva- cuate Gottingen, Heffe, and the county of Hanau, would withdraw his forces upon the Rhine and the Maine, and would leave no French troops in Germany but in proportion to what troops of the enemy remained aflembled in the Britifh army at Weftphalia. Mr. Stanley took notes of thefe overtures which were made by the D. de Choifeul, who told him moreover that the propofitions nr.aJe to the Englifli Minifter, could only be confidered as intimations of conditions which might pof- fibly be agreed to, and as preliminary fteps to the Memorial which France deter- mined CO tranfmit to the Court of London in form, if the points difcufled in the conferenceof the D. de Choifeul with Mr. Stanley fhould be thought proper to ferve as a bafis for the Negotiation of peace. The anfwer from England arrived the 30th June. Mr. Stanley had a con- ference witb the D. de Choifeul refpefting this anfwer *, and in the courfe of that conference, he ftarted three difficulties on the part of his Court. The firft con- cerned Cape Breton. England abfolutely refufed to cede that ifland to France^ even upon the condition, that no military eftablifliment whatever fhould be kept on foot there. Mr. Stanley intimated that his Court had no intention of reftorxng any ifland or port in the Gulf of St. Laurence, or within reach of that Gulf. He added, that England would make no difficulty of allowing the li- berty of filbing and dryiing the fiiih on the ftiores and coafts of Newfoundland ; but i [ 27 ] but that this won! J be granted on condition that Dunkirk was demolidicd, as it was ftipulated to have been by the treaty of Utrecht. Till this moment, no mention had been made of Dunkirk, either in what had pafled by word of mouth, or in writing, with relation to the peace between the two Crowns. In fad, it was unjuft to infif'; on this article, fince the Court of London, hav- ing had this principle eftabliOud, in treating of peace, to adhere to the Memo- rial of Uti pojfedetis of the 26th March, they could not pretend tiiat the pre- fcnt ftate of Dunkirk was comprized in the Uti pojfideth of France. The liberty of filhmg, and the fbelter without fortifications, was the compen- fation for the cefTion ot all Canada, and of the guaranty which France offered to make to England of that confiderable part of North America. The relVitution ci" the ifland of Minorca was certainly equivalent to the ceffion of Guadaloupe and Marigalante j and the evacuation of Heflfe and the other countries apper- taining to the Eledtor of Hanover and to the Landgrave, was compenfated by the reftitution of Senegal and Goree, and of Belle- Ifle, which had been conquer- ed fince the Memorial of the 26th March, and after the propofition of the epochs propofed in that Memorial. Befides, France had declared, at the time of taking Belle- Iile, that ftie did not iinderftand that conqueft was to have been an objedt of compenfation, and that Ihe thought the keeping of Belle Ifle wouU be more expenfive than profitable to England. Mr. Stanley, in oppofing the cefllon of Ifle Royal to France, abfolutely re- fufed the reftitution of Senegal and Goree, pretending that Senegal could not be fecurely maintained without Goree \. in the end, he infilled on the demolition of Dunkifk as a condition abfolutely neceffary. The article relating to Germany was not negotiated on his part •, and after fcveral conferences it was agreed that France Ihould prepare a Memorial of fpecific propofitions, which fliould be feat to England. The Memorial was drawn, and is here annexed. No. XVII. 7he French Memorial i^thjuly, 1761. 'TpHE Negotiations of peace entered upon between France and England, ■*• have proved that the Sovereigns fincerely wi(h to re-eftablifh that union and amity, fo agreeable to humanity, between the two Crowns ; and the refo- lution in which the King concurs, in conjunction with his Britannic Majefty, to terminate by a precifc and durab'e treaty, the differences which have 00 cafioned the prefent war, has determined his Majefly, always maintaining the fpirit and letter of the declaration of the 26th March laft, in relation to the means of procuring peace, to explain more precifely by this Memorial, the conditions which appear to him moft proper to accomplilh the defirable end which influences him is well as the King of England. * But the King declares at the fame time, that he entrufts this propofition with the King of Great Britain, that if it (hould not be accepted by his Bri- D 2 ' tan- * AM C 28 ] * tannic MajefT:/, or fliould not ferve as a Bafis for the Negotution of the future * peace, the Court of London fhall in no circumrtances take advantage of ir, * the faid propofition made in confidence to the King of Great Britain having * no other objeft than the accelerating of a Negotiation in which the two Crowns * are fo much interefted. * The Uti pojftdetis exprefled in the declaration of the 26th March, is adopted * on both fides-, it would be difficult for either party to rejed it-, for though ic * was noi exprefled, it is properly accordi:ig to what they poITefs only either iaw- ' fully or by conquefb, that the parties can negotiate together concerning peace, * and the compenfations requifite for that purpofe. * The periods of the Statu ^10, which form the T-cond efTential article in the ' declaration of the 26th March, and which have remained in Negotiation be- * tween the two Courts, have not yet been fettled. The Court of France has * propofed the epochs of May, July and September -, that of England has pro- * pofed the epochs of July, September and November. That queflion will be * determined withcut farther Negotiation, if the fchemeof the following treaty * is adopted by the Court of London, for then all the epochs will be valid, as * that of the peace will unite the fentiments and opinions of the two Kings. * It is the compenfations therefore which will determine the epochs and the ' peace, and it is to fettle them that his Majefly propofes the following articles * to the King of Great Britain. Article L ' " : '. '- ' ■■'- ' * The King cedes and guaranties Canada to the King cf" England, fuch as * it has been and in right ought to be poflefTed by France, without reflritfticn, * and without the liberty of retuuilng upon any pretence whatever againfl: this ' cefFion and guaranty, and without interrupting the crown of England in the * entire pofTeinon of Canada. IL * The King, in making over his full right of fovcreignty over Canada to the * King of England, annexes four conditions to the cefTion. Firft, that the free * cxercife of the Roman Catholic religion f^all be maintained there, and that * the King of England will give the moft precife and effedlual orders that his * new Roman Catholic fubjeds may, as heretofore, make public profefTion of * their religion, according to the rites of the Roman Church. ' Secondly, that the French inhabitants or others, who have been fubjeds of * the King in Canada, may retire into the French colonies with all pofTible free- * dom and fecurity -, that they may be allowed to fell their effcds, and to tranf- * port their property as well as their perfons, without being reftrained in their * emigration, on any pretence whatever (except for debt j) and the Englifh go- * vernment ihal! engage to prficure them the me>. iS of tranfportation at as little * expence as pofTibie. * Third ly> f ;i ■t-i le r 29 ] * Thirdly, that the limits of Canada, with regard to Loulfiana, flul! be clearly and Hrmly cftab'ifhed, as well as thole of Loulfiana and Virginia, in fuch man- ner, th.\t after the execution of peace, there may be no more difficulties between the two nations, with refped to the conftrudlion of the limits with regard to Loulfiana, whether with refpeft to Canada, or the other pollefTions of England. N. B, M. BufTy has a Memorial on the fubjed of the limits of Loulfiana,. which gives him power to come to a final treaty on that article with the Minirtry of his Britannic Majefty. * Fourthly, that the liberty of filhing, and of drying their cod fifii on the banks of Newfoundland, may be confirmed to the French as heretofore : and as this con- firmation would be illufory, if the French veflels had not a flielter in thofe parts appertaining to their nation, the King of Great Britain, in confideration of the guaranty of his new conquefts, lliall reftore Ifie Royal, or Cape Breton, to be enjoyed by France in entire fovereignty. It is agreed, to fix a value on this reltirution, that France Ihall not, under any denomination whatever, erecl any fortifications on the ifland, and Ihall confine herfelf to maintain civil eftablifh- ments there, and the port for the convenience of the filhing veffels Lading there. m. ' * France fhall reflore to England the ifiand of Minorca, and Fort St. Phi- lip, in the fime condition it was In when it was conquered by the King's forces, together with the artillery belonging to England, which was in the fort at the time of taking the ifland. IV. ' In confideration of this refi:itution, England, in her turn, fliall reflore to France the ifland of Guadaloupe and Marigalante •, and thofe two iflands fhall be ceded in the flmie condition they were in at the time they were conquered by the arms of England. V. * The iflands called neuter, are Dominica, Saint Vincent, Saint Lucia, and" Tabago. The twofirft are occupied by the Carribees, under the protection of France, according to the treaty of 1660: they fliall remain in the condition ■ they have been fince that treaty. * The Crown of England has not yet flievvn any title, which gives them a right ■ over the two lafl: ; neverthelels, it ihall be a matter of negociatlon between the ■ two crowns, either that the four iflands fhall remain abfolutely neuter, or that ' the two poflefl^ed by the Carribees alone Ihall be declared neuter ; and that Eng- ■ land fhall enter into pofllcfTion, as fovcreign, over the ifland of Tabago, in the ' fame manner as France over that of St. Lucia, faving, at all times, the right ■ of a third perfon, with whom the two crowns will explain themfelves, if fuch a ' right exifts. - VL ' who ' in a le two [ 33 J bliflimciit of peace, or the continuance of the war. The reproach of a delay of iifiren day;, upon fo intercfting a bufincfs, was certainly an inllance of injiiflicc* However tUar. point be fettled, it is fiibmitted to tIk- difccrnment and juftirc of all F.'irop'* to dctt-rminc, whether tl.e Mem -rial of France of the 15th July did not confirm the principles of reconcifuuion, which had hitherto appeared in every (Icp taken by that Crown. The Court of France a6tcd with fuch inte^^,ricy, in the conrid^^nce Ihe repoled in the pacific difpofition of England, that hav- ing facriticed confidcrable interefts, (he carried her forecaft fo far, as to inti- mate to the Court of London her apprehenfions left the matters which remained to be difcuifed be. ween Spain and England, and which were not yet adjufled, ihould in the end prove an obllacle to the duration and folidity of the peace which the King and his Britannic Majefty we;e defirous of re eftablifliing between them. In confequen' L* of thcfe apprehen(ions, M. Buffy had orders to remind the Court of London, with refpedt to the fubjcdl of the Neutral Iflands, fpecificd in the loth article of the Memorial, that his C atholic Majefty made fome claims upon thofe Iflands, with which the Court of Madrid had recently maJe that of Verlailles acquainted. The French Miniftcr was charged at the fame time to re- prefent to Mr. Pitt, how dangerous it would be to determine the fate of thofo Iflands, without paying regard to the claims of his Catholic Majefty. M. Bully was ordered to add, that it was evident that the Court of Spain would agree to the fettlement which fliould be made between France and England, in relation to the four Iflands in queftion, provided that the three articles negotiated at Lon- don on the part of the Court of Madrid, were adjufted at the fame time that the Peace with France fliould be concluded there ; and to teftify a fincerity as laud- able as it was perfeft, M. Bufl^y was charged to annex to the Memorial of Propo- fitions, the particular Memorial which follows relative to Spain. No. XVIII. The private Memorial of Franc e^ of isthjuly, 1761, relafi.>:g to Spain. * A S it is eflential, and agreeable to the defire of France and England, that tlic * "*^ projedled Treaty of Peace fliould fcrve as a bafis for a folid reconciliation * between the two Crowns, which may not be liable to be interrupted by the in- * terefts of a third Power, and the engagements v\hich either one or the other * may have entered into previous to their reconciliation, he propofes that the * King of Spain fliall be invited to guaranty the future Treaty of Peace beiwecn * his Majefty and the King of Great Brit.dn. This Guaranty will obviate all * prefent and ftture inconveniences with regard to the folidity of the Peace. * The King will not difguife from his Majefty, that the diniTences of Spain ' with England fill him with apprehenfions, and give him room to fe.r, that, if ' they are not adjufted, they will occafion a frefh war in Europe and America. ' The King of Spain has communicated to his Majefty the three arucles vvhich ' remain to be difcuffed between his Crown and the Crown of Britain : which * are, E I. 'The n*- I 34 ] 1. * Tlie reftitiiiion of fome captures which have been made during the piefcnt war upon the Spanifli Flag. 2. • The privilege for the Spanilh nation to fifli upon the Banks of New- foundland. 3. * The demolition of the Englilh fcltlements made upon the Spanilh tcrrito^ ries in the Bay of Honduras. • Thefe thiee articles may be eafiiy adjufted agreeable to the equity of the two nations j and the King earneflly wifhes, that fomc accommodations may be thought on, to the fatisfadlion of the Spanidi and Englifh nations, with regard to thefe articles j but he cannot difguife from England the danger he appre- hends, and of which he muft necefTarily partake, if thefe objefts, which fecm nearly to concern his Catholic Majcfty, Ihould be the occafion of a War. His Majefly, therefore, deems it a principal point of confideration in concluding a firm and advantageous Peace, that, at the fame time that that defirable Point (hall be concluded between France and England, his Britannic Majefty fhould- terminate his differences with Spain, and agree to invite his Catholic Majefty to guaranty the Treaty which is to reconcile (pray Heaven for ever) his Ma- jefty and the King of England. • As to what remains, his Majefty does not intimate his apprehenfion in this refpedt to the Court of London, but with the moft fincere and upright inten- tions to obviate every impediment which may arife hereafter to difturb the union of the French and Englifh nations ; and he deflres his Britannic Majefty, whom he fuppofes influenced by the fame good wifhes, freely to communicate his fentimcnts on fo ciTential an ibjeft.* The precaution of France to enfurvi the folidity of the Peace, comprized every objcft which could conduce to that end. The fuccours which his Majefty and the King of England afforded their Allies in Germany, left a fource of war .'^ill fubfifting, and an expencc detrimental to both nations. The King judged, that the moft natural means to put an end to the difputes which the fuccoiu-s to be af- forded their refpedive Allies might produce, would be to come to an agreement between France and England, that France, on her part, fhould not yield any kind of fuccour to the Emprt-fs- Queen, and in like manner, that England Ihould be bound not to furnifh any afliftance to the King of PrufTia. It would have been a violation of good faith to have ftipulited this withdrawing of all fuc- cour, without the ccmfent of the Allies. The King required the confent of the Emprefs Queen, and obtained it early enough, for M. BufTy to tranfmit the following note to the Britifti Minifter relative to that objedt, at the fame time that he gave him the Memorial of the French propofitions, and that whkli related to Spain. m No. [ 35 1 le picfcnt of Ncw- tcrrito- the two may be ti regard r apprc- ch feem r. His luding a le Point fhould Majefty lis Ma- I in this : inten- urb the lajcfty, unicate I every ly and ar %n > that beaf- ement d any igland would II fuc f the it the time vhicli ■■U No. XIX. M. Bujfy's Ncte to Mr. Pitt. ' O I N C E the Memorial of the propofitions from France was formed, and at * the inftant that the courier was ready to fct out for London, tiic King re- • ccived the confcnt of the Emprcfi Qi_iccn to a feparate peace with England, ' but upon two conditions : 1. ' To keep poUcfTion of the countries belonging tt> the King of Pruflia. 2. * That it fliali be (lipulated, that the King of Great Britain, neither in hib capacity of King or Elcdor, Ihall afford any fuccour, either in troops, or of any kind whatever, to the King of PrufTia j and that his Britannic Majefty will undertake that the Hanoverian, Htfllan, Brunfwickian, and the other Auxili- aries in alliance with Hanover, lliall not join the forces of the King of PrulTia, in like manner as France fhall engage, on her part, not to yield fuccour of any kind to the Emprcfs Queen, nor her Allies. * Both thefe conditions appear fo natural and equitable in themfelves, that his Majefly could not do otherwife than acquiefce ni them, and he hopes that the King of Great Britain will be ready to adopt them.' Upon reading thefe vouchers with attention, it may bcobferved, that the Me- morial containing the propofiiions, clearly explains the means of reconciling France and England with refpedt to their particular interefts ; and that the Note, No.XlX, removes all obftacles which the fuccours to be given to the Allies in Ger- many might throw in the way of a reconciliation between the two Crowns. In U€ty what could be more juft and advantageous both to Francf and England, in the circumftances in which they ftood, than wholly and abfolutely to withdraw from the war in Germany. Laftly, in order to prevent the flames of war from breaking out afrefh in Europe, which the complaints of Spain might re-kindic, and in which France, fooner or later, would have been forced to have taken part ; nothing could be deemed more difcreet than the propofition contained in the Memorial, No. XVIII. more efpecially as that propofiiion was the natural refult of the good offices which his Catholic Majefly had offered to the Crown, the preceding years, in order to mediate peace between them, which kind offices had been accepted on the part of France by an authentic declaration, which had not then been oppofcd by England. M. Buffy laid thefe feveral pieces before Mr. Pitt on the 23d of July. They had been previoufly communicated to Mr. Stanley, to the end that that Minifler might tranfmit a circumftantial account of them to his court, and that the Eng- lifh Minifter might be apprized of the objeds included in the difpatch, and might be able to confer with M. BufTy thereupon without lofs of time. The King had even tranfmitted very minute inftruflions to his Minifler at London, which contained frefli expedients for reconciling the differences of France with EngUnd, in relatign to the refpe on the he Allies take cIjc and that the pro- ■ned M, him on 'fpecfb to ;s of the > but at the fe- fake of weighty laration, 'Oil with the part nt with 'rms, in in to be the two c to his ; Nego- a right ^ajefty f inad- tive to at Bri- - ngage- Pltt. The [ 37 ] Tfic Oylc of this Letter, and the manner of returning the Mcmori.ils, do nnf bear the ni:.rks ot that conciliating t^:mj)cr, by wjiich the Court ot L',nglaiKl would hitherto have been thought to have been influenced. The Anlwers to the Memorial of the French IVopofitions, which were rc- niitt'.'d to Vcrlaillcs on the ^9tii July, are extremely analogous with Mr. Pitt's Letter; they arc di«itated with an air of haughiinefs and tlclpotirin which mi|;ht have fhocUt'd a Court of Icfs conj'cqucncc than that of France. 1 hey follow word lor word. No. XXI. Tbe Anfiver r,f the Btiiljli Ccurt to the Memorial of French Proportions. 2gth yul\\ 1761. A Paper of Articles to be delivered 10 Mr. Stanley, as the definitive propofitions from the Court of Great Britain. 1. * I_I I S Britannic Mijelly will never recede from the entire and total cefTon '**"■■ on the Tart of France, without any new limits, or any exception what- ever, of all Canada and its appurtenances ; and his Majefly will never relax, with re{pid to the full and compleat cefTion on the Part of France, of the Iflc of Cape Breton, and of all the other Iflands in the Gulph or in the River of St. Lawrence, with the right of fifhing, which is infeparably incident to the poflTellion of the aforefaid Coafl:s, and of the Canals or Screi^ihts which lead to them. 2. • With refpeift to fixing the linilts of Louifiana, with regard to Canada, or the Englifh PofTeflions fituate on the Ohio, as alio on the Coafl of Virginia, it can never be allowed that whatever does not belong to Canada fhall appertain to Louifiana, nor that the boundaries of the laft Province fhould extend to Virginia, or to the Britifh pofllfTions on the borders of the Ohio; the nations and countries which lie intermediate, and which form the true barrier between the aforefaid provinces, not being proper, on any account, to be directly or by neceffary confequence ceded to Frounce, even admitting them to be included in the limits of Louifiana. 3. ' Senegal, with all its Rights and Dependancies upon the River which bears its name, fhall be ceded to Great Britain in the mcii full and ample maniierj as alio the Ifland of Goree, fo eflentially conneded with Senegal. 4. ' Dunkirk (hall be reduced to the condition in which it oujiht to have been after the Treaty of Utrecht, without which no Peace can be concluded •, and upon that condition only can his Majefty ever confent to enter on the confit!e- ration of the demand which France has made, viz. The reftitution of the privilege granted by the thirteenth article of the laid tieaty, with certain limi- tations and under certain reffridions, for the fubjedts of F'rance to fifh and dry their filh on part of the Banks of Newfoundlar.a. 5. * 'Lhough the titles by which the Kingdom of Great i>iitain has, on many occafions, maintained its riji,ht to the Llands of Sr. Lucia and Tabago, have never yet been refuted ; and though his Majefty by force of arms has acquired poirefijoii ( ( ( ( i c ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( c c ( ( ( c ( ( c t c t ( c ( i i ( ( i ( » - [ 38 ] poflT.^ffion of Sc. Dominica, and of the French Colony eftabliflied befofe the commencement of the wari neverthelefs his Majefty, from that principle of moderation, vvhich is lb becoming to Kings, will confent to an equal partition of the four IQands, commonly called the Neutral Iflands, which partition fhall be regulated in the enfuir.g treaty. 6. ' The ifland of Minorca fliall be immediately reftored in the condition it was at the time of its being taken, together with the artillery, &c. appertain- ing to that iOand. 7. '- France fl:iall immediately reftore and evacuate the conquefts flie has made over his Majefty's Allies in Germany •, that is to fay, of all the States and Countries appertaining to the Landgrave of Heffe, to the Duke of Brunfwic, and to the Eleftorate of Hanover, as a!fo of Wcfel, and of all the places and territories belonging to the King of Pruflia, in pofleffion of the arms of France. In a word, France il^all make a general evacuation of all her conquefts, on the fide of HefTe, Weftphalia, and its countries. 8. * The King of Great Britain on his part, agrees to furrender to his Mod Chtiftian Majefty, i. The important conqueft of Bel!e-Ifle. 2. His Majefty likewife confeiitb to fjrrender to the Moft Chriftian King the opulent ifland of Guadaloupe, ^^h\\ that of Marigalante. 9. ' The treaty < ncluded between Meflrs. Saunders and Godeheu, cannot be admitted os :\z br.fis of the re-eftablifhment of the peace in Afia, becaufe that provifional li^aty has had no confequences, and becaufe thofe provifions are by no means applicable to the prefent ftate of affairs in the Indies, by the final redudion of the poflelTions and fetclements of the French company in the Eafl: Indies ; but as the perfed and final fettlement with regard to that coun- try can only be made in conformity to certain rights abfolutely appertaining to the Englifh company, and as the King cannot juftly difpofe of their rights without their confent, it muft neceffarily be left to the Companies of the two nations to adjuft the terms of accommodation and reconciliation, according to thofe rules of reafon and juftice, which the ftate and circumftances of their af- fairs may require, and mutually point out •, provided neverthelefs that thofe conditions are not repugnant to the defigns and equitable intentions of their Sovereigns for the peace and reconciliation of the two Crowns. 10. * The demand of the reftitution of the captures at fea before the decla- ration of war cannot be admitted -, fuch a claim not being founded on any par- ticular convention, and by no means refulting from the law of nations, as there is no principle more conteftible than this, viz. that the abfolute right of all hoftile operations does not refult from a formal declaration of war, but from the hoftilities which the ag;^,refiror has firft offered. 11. ' As the indiipenfible care wi.ich is due from his Majefty to his people, and the juft and invincible motives which concern the prefervation and fecuri- ty of his kingdoms authorized by the moft formal ftipulations of folemn trea- ties (viz. thofe of Radftadt, and the Barriere) and even by the exprefs and irre- vocable conditions of the ceffion of the Low Countries, will not allow France to retain poffeffion of Oftend and Newport, the two places aforefaid ftiali be * eva- [ 39 ] * evacuated, without delay, by the French garrifons j it is for this reafon de- * clared that the reftitutions fpoken of in the preceding Articles of this Memo- * rial, and particularly the convention which is to be framed and regulated with re- * fped to the Indies, cannot take place till the aforefaid evacuation of Oftend * and Newport fhall be faithfully executed. 12. * The ceflTation of arms between the two crowns (hall be fixed and take ' place on the day of the ratification of the preliminaries, or of the definitive ' treaty, and all the Articles relative to the ceffation of hoftilities, (hall be fet- * tied and take place, according to common ufage in fuch cafes, and as the cir- * cumftances in different parts of the world (hall require. 13. * His Majefty having, from the firft overtures made on the part of France, * declared, that in cafe the feparate peace between the two Crowns fhould be ' concluded, his Majefty would continue, as an Auxiliary, faithfully to afTiftthe ' King of PrufTia, with efficacy and good faith, in order to accompliih the fa- * lutary purpofe of a general pacification in Germany ; it (hall be free to Great * Britain and France, to fupport, as Auxiliaries, their refpeftive Allies, in thw;ir * particular contefts for the recovery of Silefia, purfuant to the refpedlive en- * gagements which thofe Crowns have entered into. 14. ' The prifoners taken on one fide and the other, both by fea and land, * fhall be releafed in the ufual manner, faving the terms which may exift by vir- * tue of fome cartel or fome convention, which may have relation to this par- * ticular. ' Thefe articles are not digefted into the form, nor in the detail of articles of ' peace j but it is hoped that, with regard to eflential points, this Memorial has * that precifion and perfpicuity which leaves nothing doubtful, and which evi- * dently demonftrates the fincerity and perfeverance of his Majefty's difpofition, ' with refpedl to his intentions and refolutions for the accomplifhment of fo great * a blefling as that of an entire peace between the two Crowns. The firfl article of this (ketch entirely deprived the French of the liberty of fifhing for cod ; and the demolition of Dunkirk required in the 4th article, on- ly reftored this liberty in part, with certain limitadons and under certain reftric- tions which were not explained. From the fecond article, one might infer that England pretended, not only to keep an exclufive polTefrion of ail Canada, but alfo to make herfelf miftrefs of all the Neutral Countries between Canada and Louifiana, to be nearer at hand in order to invade tlie lafl Colony when (he (hould think proper. The third Article confirmed the entire pofftfrion of the African Coaft in favour of the Englifh, and deprived the French of all fettlement In that part for tha Ne^roe trade. The ninth entirely annihilated the French Eafl India Company. The fcventh and thirteenth did not appear conclufive. la fau>, by the firfl,, England propofed that France Ihouid evacuate Germany, and in the fecond (lie agreed that the two Crowns (hould fupport their Allier in that part of Europe. Thefe aafwers, and all thofe which England has mude iathe courfe of the *• negQ- Negotiation, evidently manifeft that the Court of London is averfe to all re- conciliation. The Articles which declare the advantages which England would fecure, are clear, decifive, and even didtatorial j tho;e which concern the intereds of France, areoblcure, fubjed to various conftrudions, and leave a train of difcunions, which, by leaving the fourceof the war ftill fubfifting, would lllll have redounded totha prejudice of France, if flie had agreed to admit the claims of England. Thefe reflections did not efcape his Majefty's penetration. Neverthelefs his Majelly, unwilling to take upon himftlf the rupture of a Negotiation, which, on his part, propofed the welfare of mankind, he ordered a Reply to be made to the Anfwer from England, Article by Article, in the following Memorial, in the form of an UUimatum, No. xxn. Ultimatum of France in reply to that of England^ ^f 5^^ °f ^^S^ftt 1761. Ultimatum of the Court of France, as a Reply to the Ultimatum of the Court ot England, remitted to the D. de Choifeul by M. Stanley. * ^HE King renews the Declaration which he made to his Britannic Ma- * "*• jelly, to the Memorial of Propofitions for Peace, which has been tranf- * mitted to M. Stanley, and to which the Court of EngUnd has given no An- * fwer, either by word of mouth or in writing: his Majefty again declares, that ' if the Negotiation entered into at Paris and at London, for the re-eftablifhment * of Peace between the two Crowns, has not the defired fuccefs, all the Articles ' agreed to in that Negotiation by France, cannot be reprefented, on any oc- * cafion, as fettled points, any more than the Memorial of the month of March * lalt, relative to the {///'/'^^^//■j. 1 . ' The King confents to cede Canada to England in the mod extenfive * manner, as fpecilied in the Memorial of Propofitions*, but his M^'jefty will * not recede from the Conditions he has annexed to the fame Memorial relative * to the Catholic Religion, and to the power, facility, and liberty of emi- * gration for the ancient fubjefts of the Kino;. With regard to the Fifhery in * t!^ie Gulf of St. Laurence, the King means to maintain the immemorial right * which his fubjedbs have cf fifhiPG; in the faid Gulf, and of drying their fifh on * the Banks of Newfoundland, as it was agreed by the Treaty of Utrecht. As * this Privilege would be granted in vain, if the French veflels had not fome ' flv-lter appertaining to France in the Gulf, his Majrfty propofed to the King * of Great Britain the reftitutionof the Ifland of Cape Breton ; he again propofts, ' eiciKr that iiland, or St. John, or fucli other Port, without Fortificaiion, in * the Gulf, or within reach of the Gulf, which may ferve the French as a fhel- ' ter, and fecure to France the liberty of Filhing, from whence his Majelly has * n.> intention to recede. 2. ' The King has in no part of his Memorial of propofitions aiT.rmed tliat * all which did not belong to Canada, ap;^:ertained to Louifiana ; it is even ditTi- 4 ' cult [ 41 ] cult to conceive fuch an aflertion could be advanced. France, on the con- trary, demands that the intermediate nacons between Canada and Louifiana, as alfo between Virginia and Louifiana, fliall be confidered as neutral nations i.i- dependant of the Sovereignty of the two Crowns, and ferve as a barrier between them. If the Englilli iViinifter would have attended to the inftruiflions ot M. Buliy on this fubjed, he would have feen that France agreed with England as to this propofition. 3. * No anfwer has been given by England to the plain argument. That if Se- negal cannot be enjoyed in fecurity without Goree, England will make no great facriHce, ?n keeping Goree, and reftoring Senegal to France. Upon this ar- ticle, IVlr. Stanley has acquainted the D. de Choileul that fome expedients may be agreed on between the two Crowns : in confequence of which his Majctly, out of regard to the blefllng of peace, has authorized M. Bufly to treat concern- ing thefe expedients with the Britifh Miniftry. 4. ' The Court of London, when they mean tofecure, in purfuance of his Ma- jefty's confent, the conquefts they pretend to maintain, readily rely on tiie Me- morial of Uti Pcffidetis -, but they take no notice of that Memorial when they advance claims at the expence of France. It cannot be denied but that the flat^* of the town of Dunkirk is not included in the Uii Pofftdeti;. * According to the Treaty of Utrecht, the Demolition of Dunkirk was not af- fented to, as a compenfation for the liberty of drying codfiQi on the Banks of Newfoundland ; it is the ceflion of Newfoundland, on the pat-t of France, which is the ground of that compenfation : but the King, to teftify to all Europe, his fincere defire of peace, and to remove all obflacles which the enemies to peace may throw in the way, authorizes his Minifter at London to negotiate con* cerning the ftate of Dunkirk, fo foon as a convenient port fliall be agreed up- on in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, or within reach of the Gulf, which fhall be ceded to France, to ferve as a fheiter for her fifhing veflisls. 5. * France has refb::ed the title of England to the Antilles, which are pretend- ed to be neutral ; His Majefly neverthelefs, from a principle of moderation, accepts of the partition of the faid iflands j but fuch partition cannot take place but in the form fpecified in the firfl Memorial of the French propofitions. 6. * It feems as if England, by her propofitions, offered the ifiand of Belleifle as a compenfation for the ifland of Minorca : as France does not allow the impor- tance of the conqueft of Belleifle, the two Courts will retain their feveral opi- nions i England fhall maintain her conqueft, and France fliall keep Mi- norca. . 7. * France is willing to evacuate, in confideration of the reftitution to be made by England of the Ifland of Guadaloupe and of Marigalante, the countries belonging to the Landgrave of HefTe, to the Duke of Brunfwic, and to the Electorate of Hanover, which are or fhall be occupied by his Majefty's forces, and of which the conqueft is connefted with the Britifli War, fince the rupture of the capitulation of Clofter Seven, and which may be feparated from the War of the Emprcfs-Queen with the King of Piufliia. ... F 'But C 42 ] * But as to wliat concerns Wcfcl, Gueldres, and other countries in Wcdptuli^f •■ belonoing to the King of Prnflla^ wliich are actually in pofllflion of the hin- *' prefs Qiieen, and where juilicc is adminiftered in the name of her ImpcriaK » Majefty, the King cannot (iipulaie to lurrendcr the Conquefts of his Allies ; and * fiich an evacuation, neither in fadb nor by right, can take place without the ' confcnt of the F.mprefs Qiieen at the Congrefs at Aufjfburg-, that Congrefs be- ' in'^ to afllmbic in order to terminate the differences which have ariicn in the * Empire, and particularly thofe which have occafioned the War between her * Imperial Ma jelly and the King of l^ruflia. S. * The King accepts on thtfe conditions ; and'in confideration of the cefTions * made by France, in North America and Africa, as wel as in 'cgard to the fet-* ' ticment of Dunkirk, the reftitution of the IHand of Guadaloupe and of Mar i- * galante. 9. ' The French Eaft-India Company have fulfilled the conditions of r'le * Treaty made between MelT. Godeheu and Saunders : that of England has not * obferved the fame punduality. However that may be, the King is willing to * acquiefce in the 9th Article of the Ultimatum of England, in relation to Afia. 10. * The King perfiffs, with regard to the Captures made befce the War, in * the contents of the 12th Article of the firft Propofitions. M. BufTy is autho- * rifed to deliver a Memorial exprefsly on this fubjeift ; and every one is perfua- * ded in France, that this objefl neither can nor ought to break off the Negotia- * tion between the two Crowns. 11. ' The Emprefs-Queen enjoys full fovereignty in the towns of Oftend and •■ Neuport ; the King has only lent his forces to his Ally to fecure thofe places. ' England has no right to impofe laws upon the King and the Emprefs, contrary * to the will of the King and of her Imperial Majefty, who do not in the jeaft ^ violate the Treaties of the Houfe of Auftria with the States General. As to * what remains, his Majefty readily declares, that his intention never was to ' keep poflfefTion of the faid places after the eftablifhment of peace. 12. * The 1 2th Article of the Ultimattim of England does not feem liable co * any difficulties, whi'e the terms of the intended Sufpenfion Ihall be obferved. * and maintained with fincerity. 13. 'In anfwer to the Declaration made by Mr. Stanley, that in cafe of a fe- * parate Peace between France and England, his Britannic Majefty would con- * ffantly continue, in the capacity of an Auxiliary, to aid his Ally the King of ' PrufTia with all his power, and with the utmoft integrity, in order to accom- * plifli the happy ifiTue of the War, and the pacification of Germany, the D. de * Choifeul, in the name of the King, his Mafter, has declared to Mr. Stanley, * that his Majefty, with the fame view to the general pacification, will aWb fup- * port his faithful Allies with all his forces, and to the utmoft of his power, and * will take every precaution which his approved fincerity and integrity (hall fug- * gcft to him, in order to prevent the feparate Peace of France with England '' irom being prejudicial to them. ' It is in confequence of thefe fentiments, that the King, with the confent of * his Allies, is v/illing to ftipulate, that he will grant no fuccour of any kind to * his [ 43 1 his Allies for the continuarKe of their War againft the King of PrufHa i but his Majefty neither can nor will enter into fuch an engagement, iinlefs his Britannic Majefty will enter into the like agreement with refpedt to the King of Pruflia. * The Propofition of leaving France at liberty to fend forces into Silefia, is unfavourable, from particular circumftances, to the interefts of the Empreii, and confequently inadmiflible. * The King, therefore, perfifts in the Propofitions contained in the loth Ar- ticle of his fifft Memorial. All that can be negotiated with refped to thefe poinls, mufl: be the liberty of affording fuccours in money to the refpedlive Al>- lies, fo foon as it fhall be pofitively afcertained that no power fhall be at liberty to furnifli them any fupphes of men, or warlike (lores, under any denomina- tion whatever. 14. * The King accepts tht '4th Article of the Ultimatum of England. ' It is hoped that the Court of Great Britain, will allow the precifion of the Anfwers to their Ultimatum^ as well as the readinefs with which the King endea*- vours, even to his prejudice, to ufe all means to bring ab jut a reconciliatioa with the King of Great Britain.' ' M. Bufly, on prefenting his Ultimatum, accompanied it with the following Letter, in Anfwcr to that of Mr. Pitt, of the 24th of July. No. XXIII. Mr. Bufffs ktierio Mr, Pitt, stb Ju^ufi, lyCi, ^ S I R, -« < c < c c < < 4 « « ( ( c c « T Have acquainted my Court with the Letter oFthe 24th of 1 ail month, with **■ which your Excellency honoured me, on returning the Memorial I laid be- fore you, in relation to the interefts of the Court of Spain with refped to England, and the Note which I thought it my duty to communicate, with re- gard to the intention of the King my Mafter, concerning the neceifary fteps to put a ftop to hoftilities in Germany. ' The King, Sir, orders me to acquaint your Excellency, that as to what relates to the interefl. of the Catholic King, his Majcfly's precaution exprefled in the Memorial which I remitted to you, is in confequence of that fincerity which he profefles conftantly to adopt in the courfc of all his Negotiations. The Memorial which your Excellency has returned me, neither contains any menaces, nor any offer of mediation. No other fentiment can be inferred from it, than that of the fmcere dcfire which his Majefty entertains, that the pro- jeded peace between France and England, may be firm and durable. More- over, the King refers himfelf to his Catholic Majefty concerning the manner in which this Memorial was received and remitted ; but his Majelty has charged me to declare to your Excellency, that fo long as Spain fhall approve of it, his Majefty will interfere with the interefts of that Crown, without defifting on account of a repulfe from the Power who oppofes his good offices, E 2 ' Witfc [•44 I * With refpe(5l to the matter of the Note, like wife relumed by your Excellen- cy, and which relates to the two neceirary conditions of the propofd expe- dient foi evacuating the countries fubducd by his Majcfty's arms, his Ma- jefly explains himfelf fully on that Article in the Ultimatum, in Anfwer to that of the Court of London. Mis Majefty has orda'cd me to declare further to yuu in writing, that he will rather facrifice the Power which God has given him, than conclude any thing with iiJs enemies, which may be contrary to the enG;agemepts he has coniradted, and that good faith in which he glories. If England will undertake to yiel.3 no fuccour to the King of FrufTia, the King will engage, on the other V ind, (o afford none to his Allies in Germany. But his Majefty will not adopt ihv liberty of fuccouring liis Allies with a fup- ply of men, becaufe he is fenfiblc of the difadvjntage which the prefent fitui- tion of the armies might occalion to the Emprefs Queen. His Maiefty may fti- pulate not to aft for the benefit of his Allies, but he neither can or will con- sent to any condition which may be detrimental to them. * It rem.iins for me to obferve to Viiur Excellency, how greatly my court was aflonifli^d, as well at the ftile of the Letter you wrote to me, as at the VUi- m.Uum of Fr.gl.md. This ftile, which is fo little conformable to the propor- tions of France, betrays the averfion of the Court of London to peace. The King, who i'; very far trm infiftin^ on forms, when the happinefs of Eu- rope is at 'lake, has ufed every endeavour, in the Anfwer to the Uliimatum, which, witnout ir;jury to the honour of his. Crown, were judged moft effeftual to recah the Uriufli Court to fentiments of pacification : your Excellency will judge, from the Ultiwatum of ^rance^ that 1 am ordered to acquaint you with what facility the King, forgetting the imperative ftilp, fo unfit for Negotia- tion, which England mjkes ufe of in her Anfwers, enters into the views of the Britilh Court, and endeavours, by the facrifiqes he makes, to engage them 5 to adopt the ftipuiations of a reaibnable peace. * If yo'jr E.xcellency is defirous of having a conference with me on the fub- ' jedl of the Ultimatum, I will attend your commands, and I ih,ill be very ear- * neft to teftify the difpoluion of my Court, to make a happy iflue of the Nego- * tiation on foot, as alfo the peculiar regard with wWch, &c. * Signed De Bufly.' At length, as the Britifli Miniftry had feemed to rcfent the Memorial relative to Spain, his Catholic Majefty authorized his AmbalTador at London, the Count of Fuentes,. to remit the following Note to Mr. Pitt, which is the interpretation of the Memorial. No. XXIV. Note of the Sfa„ijJ3 AmbaJJador to Mr. Pitt. * 'T* H E Moft Chriflinn King, who wiflies to make the peace, concerning whicit ( X he propofed to treat witli England, at once efFedual and durable, entruft- ,' ed his intentions with the King my Matter, cxprefling the pleafure with which S * he h i 45 3 he embraced tl)at opportunity of acknowledging his fenfe of the reiterated of- fers which his Catholic Maj.e{ly had made both to Him and England, in order to facilitate ajuft and lafting rcconci iation. * It is from iheic principles of fincerity tlut the Moft Chriflian King propoftd to the King my Mafl>.r the guaranty of the Treaty of Peace, as a mtvifure which might be equally convenient to France and England, and at the fame time aiTured him of his finccre intentions with refpedt to the facrifices he pro* pofed to make, in order to rcftore tranquillity to Euro; e, by an honour.-ble and lafting pe»ce. * ^uch a proceeding of his Moft Chriftian Majcfty could not but be highly ac- ceptable to the King my Maftcr, who found it agreeable to his own fentiment.% and to his defire ot fulfilling on his part, with the moft dift:lnguinied conformity, aU the connexions which unite them both by ties of blood and their mutual intereft ; and moreover, he perceived in the difpofition of the King of France, that magnanimity and humanity which are natural to him, by his endeavours, on his fide, to render the Peace as permanent as the vicilFitudcs of human alTairs will admit of. * It is with the fame candor and fincerity that the King my Mafl:er expre/Ted in conhdence to t^ie Moft Chriftian King, that he wiflied his Britannic Majefty had not made a difficulty of fettling the guaranty, on account of the grievances of Spain with England, as he has all the reafon to conclude that his Britannic Majefty has the fame good intentions to terminate them amicably, according to reafon and juftice. ' The confidence which the King my Mafter repofed in France, gave tliat Court room to teftify to his Britannic Majefty the fincerity of their intentions for the re-eftabli(hment of peace, fince, by propofingthe guaranty of Spain, they exprefTed their fincere defire of feeing the intcrefts of Spain fettled at the fame time, which might one day re-kindle the fiames of a new war, which at prefent they wi(h to extinguilh. ' If the intentions of the Moft Chriftian King and the King my Mafter did not feem fraught with fincerity, the King my Mafter flatters himfelf, that his Britannic Majefty will do him the juftice to confider his in that light, fince, if ihey were founded on any other principle, his Catholic Majefty giving full fcope to his greatnefs, would have fpoken from himfelf, and as became his dignity. * 1 muft not omit to inforn. you, that the King my Mafter will learn with fur- prize, that the Memoiial oi France could raife a fentiment in the breaft of his Britannic Majefty, entirely oppofite to the intentions of the two Sovereigns. * But his Catholic Majefty will always be pleafed, whenever he fees that they make that progrefs which he has ever defired, in the Negociation of Peace, whether it be feparate between France and England, or general -, as his fincere wifhes are to make it perpetual, by obviating every fource which might here- after uniiappily renew the war. * For this reafon, the King my Mafter flatters himfelf that his Britannic Majeuy, animated with the fame featiments of humanity towards the public ' tran- t 46 1 * tranquillit/, will cxprefs the fame intentions of terminating the difpiites cff * Englaiui with a power which has aftbrded fuch reiterated proofs of her friend*- ' Ihij), at the fame time that it is propofcd to reftore peace to all Europe in gc- •' neral. ' -. n The King ordered M. Bufly, by the infbrudions which were fent to him with the Ultimatum, to agree to the cellion of Canada, in the full extent which Eng- land deli red 't, fo that the fifliery on the coad and in the Gulf of St. Law- rence was maintained to France, and that England would appoint a port in that part, which might be fubjed to the fovereignty of his Majefty, and fervc the French fifhermen tor a flielter. M. BulTy had in charge to agree upon the limits of Canada and Louifiana, ac- cording to the Englifh map, though very unfavo irableto the rights and poffeiHons of F>ance. With regard to Afr.ca, the King's Minifter was authorized to confent to the cdfion required by lingland, fo that the exportation of negroes might be coniirmed to France by fome expedients equally eafy and fure j and his Majefty made the facrifice of Dunkirk, in compenfation of the fccurity of fifhing in the Gulf of Sc. Lawrence, in favour of his fubjeds. As to what concerns Afia, the King authorized M. BuflTy to agree that the French and Englifti India companies, fliould adjuft their refpedive interefts among themfelves, upon condition that they fufpend hoftilities during the Nego- tiation, and that the advantages on either fide fhould be confidered as a compen- fation with regard to the refpedive interefts of the two Crowns. * The King infifted, in the Inftrudions he fcnt to his Minifter at London, upon the Article refpt<5ling the Keftitution of the French vcfiels taken before the war by the linglirti marine. His Majefty's love for his fubjedts would not allow him to omit any thing to alleviate the diftrefles which feveral towns in his kingdom fuflained by means of thofe illegal captures. M. Bufly had even orders to prefent the following Memorial on that fubjed. . No. XXV. , " - Memorial concerning the Vejfcls taken before the I Far. Concerning the Reclaim of the Prizes made before the Declaration of the Wdr. ' 'T^HE Reclaim of the Captures made by the Englifli before the Declaration ' •* of War, is founded on the Treaties of Utrecht and Aix la Chapelle. * It is not neced'ary to conteft the principle that the right of cxercifing Ho- * ftiliiics does not always refult from the formality of a Declaration of war; but •* as it is impradlicable for two Princes who make war on each other, to agree * between them which is the aggreflbr with regard to the other, equity and hu- ' manity have didlated thefe precautions, that where an unforefeen rupture hap^ ' pens fuddenly, and without any previous declaration, foreign vefiels, which, * navigating under the fecurity of peace and of treaties, happen at the time of ' the rupture to be in either of the refpedive ports, fliall have time and full •* liberty to withdraw themfelves. * This [ 47 ] * This wile provifidii, to agreeable to the rules of good faicli, conftitutes a * part of- the Law of Nations, and the Article oF the Treaty which fandif : * tlv.fe precautions oUL^ht to be faithtul!y executed, notwithllarnling the breach '■ of the othiri- Aiucles of the I'rcaty, which is the natural confequentc of the ' war. * 1 he Courts of France and Great Britain ufcd this faiutary prccar.tion in the * Treaties of Utncht and Aix la Chaptlle •, in the tirll, by the nineteenth Ar"- ' tide of the Ireaty of I'eace, and in the fecond of the Treaty of Commerce : * in the fecond, by the third Article which renews and confirnis the firft. * If thefe Treaties allow a protcdlion to the refpedlive ful jt-dls who may have * fhips in the ports of either of the I'owers, becaufe, having no opportunity of * knowing that a rupture has fallen out, they failed under the Security of Peace * and under the Faith of Treaties ; by a parity of rcafon, all the other fubjeds * iio are not inhabitants of the refpedlive pc • who have fhips at fen, * ihould enjoy the fame ftcurity for their vefieh . whatever part of the fea ' they fliould be failing, otherwife it would tollovv, that the Sovereigns provide * for the prefervation of one part of their fubjtfts from the miferies of a fudden * rupture, to which they expofe the reft, which is abiolutcly repugnant to the ^ humanity of Sovereigns, and contrary to right reafon. * It is upon this principle that the King of France rcftored to England the * Englifh Veflfels which were found in the ports of France, at die time of the * rupture, or taken at fea before the Declaration of War. * If his Majefty had not caufed thofe vcHel;. to be reftored, his Britannic Ma- * jefty might have alledged that he retained the French velTels by way of Re- * prifals •, but the punctuality of FVance in conforming to the Treaties of Utrecht * and Aix la Chapelle, and to the -; "nciples refulting from thence, give England * no pretence for refufing to fulfil engagements which are reciprocal. * The Court of F>ance therefore does not doubt but that the Co;irt of Eng- * land will agree to order the Reftitution of the fliips taken by the LLnglifli from * the French, before the Declaration of the War." U %i The King likewife ordered his Minifter to reprefent, with its full force, the utility which would redound to the two Crowns by the total defertion of the w.jr in Germany. His Majefty moreover required M. Buffy, after having ufcd h'ts utmofl: endeavours to perfuade the Britifli Miniftry to acquiefce in propofitions fo advantageous to England, to wait for frefh inftructions, if the Court of Lon^ don fliould refufe the conditions offered in t\\t Ultimatum oi ¥r&r\ce^ the King being relblved to carry his compliance as far as poflible, in order to infpire the King of England with pacific difpofitions. The Ultimatum of France, of the 5th Auguft, arrived at London the 8th cf the Hime month : M. Bufly wrote to Mr. Pitt: that Minifter returned him the following Anfwer on the 1 5th, . No; E 48 ] No. XXVI. Mr. Pit t*s Letter to M. Bujfy. i^th Auguft, iy6i, S I R, T Made the K'ng my Mafter acquainted with the Memorial, which, by the or- '*• dcr of his Molt Chrinian Majcfty, you accompanied the Ultimatum ut the Courr o{ France- : his Majcfty perceives from thefc two pieces, wi.h that regret with which the love (f peace infpires Iiini, thic the happy moment to put an end to lb many milcries is not yet come. * As to what relates to the ftile of the Ultimatum of England In anfwer to the Memorial of propofitioiis from J'rance, as likewife of the letter whicli 1 ad- drefled to you by his Majefty's order, upon returning the two papers relative to Spain and theKingofPruflia, as totallyinadmifllble, the King orders me to ac- quaint, you, Sir, that his Majefty adheres both to the form and fubftancc of thofe two pieces, in which his dignity concurred with his juftice and good faith, leaving all the world to judge which of the two Courts have Ihewn an aver- fion to peace during the courfe of the Negotiation; whether it be that Court, which from a principle of candour, not by way of alTuming an imperative tone, has always endeavoured ro give open anfwers, in order to fhorten delays, by ob- viating milundeillandings, and to avoid the reproach of having aftcd delu- lively even with an enemy •■, who, in the conditions of peace, fofar from mak- ing an ill ufe of her profperity, has not even infilled on all thofe rights which the Uti pojjidt'tis^ and the Memorial of P'rance of the 26th March, gave her j who, moreover, pr; pofes, that after the conriufion of peace between the two Crowns they Ihall refpeftlvely be at liberty, with regard to the conteft concern- ing Silefia, to fulfil the engagements they have contradled with their Allies ; it belongs therefore. Sir, to Europe to judge whether this is the Court which has fliewn an averfion to peace, or whether it is not that, which after ^o many variations and delays on her parr, arbitra-My continues to infill on objc(fls in America which we have a right to by the Uti pojftdetis^ and which would make a dire(5t attempt on the eflential rights of our conquells of Canada and its appurtenances, in the Gulf of St. Laurence •, which, in Germany, not only refufes to give up her conquells, gained over his Majefty's Allits, as a juft compenfation for the important reftitutions with which his Majeily is willing to accommodate France, but even pretends to impofe an obligation on his Ma- iefty n' t to fulfil the engagements of his Crown towards the King of Pruflia ; which moreover, not fatisfied with throwing fo many infuperable obftacles in the way to peace, has not fcrupled to interpofe new perplexiti s in oppofition to this prc^cious blefllng for which the nations figh, by intermixing, too late, matters fo foreign to the prefent Negotiation between the two Crowns, as are the dilcufTions between Great Britain and Spain. ' Such, Sir, being the condud of the two Courts, the King perceives with regret that the peace lb much defircd is far diftant, and that at this very mo- * mcnt C 49 1 * mcnt the Court oF France Is willing to intruft it to tlic uncertain late of fir- * thc-r events. ♦ If this is the intention of P'r.ince, his Majcfty relies on the fame Providence, * which has hitherto blefl'cd his arms, and .the finccrity ot his intciuions to- * wards peace i and hopes, that the courlc of events, accompli (liing what liis * Majefty's moderation has in vain attempted, will recal the Court of France to * a more favourable difpofition. * Neverthclefs, Sir, although I am not at liberty to confer with you conrern- * ing the Ultimatum of your Court feparately, yet if you defire, Sir, that we * fhould have a conference on the two Uliimatums of our Courts together, I wili * be at your command when you think proper, that I may have the honour to * Team what you have to communicate to me with refpefl to the intentions ,ol' * your Court. , , * I have the Honour to be, i^c. , ." Signed W. Pitt. , Europe will be able to judge by the pieces contained in this Memorial, and which cannot be difavowed by the Britifli Miniftry, any more than their dates, whether France has ufed any delay in the Negotiation, and whether Ihe has va>, ried from her propofitions, and from the conftant defire (he has always exprciTcd for the condufion of peace. « •. . 'ir ).. I •I.: No. XXVII. ' , ■ • Mr, Bufy*s Jnfwer to Mr* Pin, \6tb Auguji, iy6i. SIR, 1 Received the letter which your Excellency did me the honour to write to mc on the 1 6th of this month. I will not undertake to difcufs the principal. obje<5t of it without fubmitting it to my Court, whether it is proper to make a reply, and what that reply Ihould be. I will confine my felf. Sir, toalTure you that I accept, with pleafure, the offer your Excellency makes me of a Conference on the fubjeft of the two Ultimatums of our Courts ; as you are out of town, and as I would not trefpafs on the moments you devote to the eflablifhment of your health, 'I refer myfelf to you entirely to appoint the day and hour when I may come to confer with you. * Nothing can be more true than the aflTurance I make to you of the refpedl-. ful attachment with- which you have infpired me, and with which I have tlie^ Honour to be, &c. . ' . - *• * ' ' • • ' ■ ' ' '•' '\ Signed, DeBufly. . The many deliberations of the Bririfii Court, and the delay, from the 8th to. the 30th of the fame month, of the Anfwer to the Ultimatum of France, renewed^ the hop^s of reconciliarion between the two Crowns. At length the Anfwer came,, and Mr. Stanley remitted it on the ifl: of September to the Duke de Choifeul. , G. o. C 50 ] No. XXVIII. 7h /tnfwer of England to tie Ultimatum •/ France, reeiived the \fi ^tftemhw, 1761." The Anfwer of the Britifh Court to the Ultimatum of the Court ^f France, re- mitted i he 17th of Auguft, by M. Bufly Miniftcr Pienipotetutary^ of the Molt Chriflian King, to the Secretary of State of hU Qritftnn'H: MajieUy of ^ Southr ern department. i ■ . , H E Moft Chrlftian King having repeatedly deciaredl, in the Ultimatum of the Court of P>ancc, remitted to Mr. Pitt by M. Bufly, as well as in the Memorial of the propofitions of peace, which was renriitted by the Duke dc Choifeul to Mr. Stanley, that, if the Negotiation entered upon between tiie two Crowns has not the defired etfedl, all the Articles conceded in that Negotia- tioa by Frapce, cannot be conHdered in any cafe as points agreed upon, any more than the Memorial of the month of March lalV, in relation to the Uti pofftdetii\ the Kiog declares, in return, that if the concefllons his M9]e(ly has ma,de to bring about peace, ihoutd not be accepted by his niiofl Chriftian Ma- jelly, the important reftitutions offered to France, as well as the other circucn- ftinces herein after exprelHid, cannot for the future be confidered as given up. Article I. * The King will not defert his cUim to the entire and total Cefllon of all Cana- da and its cjependencies, without any new limits or exceptions whatever •, and likewife infifta on the compkat coflion of the Ifland of Cape Breton, and of the other Iflands in the gulf and river of St. Laurence. * Canada, according to the lines of us Umits« traced by the Marquis de Vau« dreuil hiiiofelf, when that Governor furrendered tl;vp Cud province ay capitula* tion to the Britifh General Sir J. An[iherft, coaiptchends 00 one fide the lake* Fluroo, Michigan and Supericur j and the (aid line drawn to the Red Lake* ^akes in, by a fcrpeoti;ie progrefs, the river Ouabachi, as far as its junction with the Ohio, and fro^i thence extends itfelf along the Utter river as far in* clufively *\& its influx into the Mifljflippi. * It is in conformity, to this ftate of the limits made by the French Governor, that the King claims the Cefllon of Canada, a province which the Court of France moreover has offered anew hy t\i^\r Ultimatum to cede tp his ^riun- nic Majrfty, i/| tkc mpft e^ctenfive manner^ as ex^refed in tie Memorial a/Profo* Jitions of Peace, of i^tb July. * As to what concerns the public profeflTion and exercife of the Roman Ca- tholic religion in Canada, the new fubjeds of his Britannic Majefty fhall be maintaioed in that privilege without interraption or moleftation ; and the French inhabirants, or others, who may b^ve been fubjc45ts of the Mpft Chriftian King in Canada, (halj have full liberty and power to fell their effiffts, provided thejs difpofe of them to ^he fubje^s of his Britannic Majefty, and to tr^nfpor^ their property, as well as their perfons, without being reftrained from their emi- gration under any pretence whatever \ (unlefs in cafe of debt, or for the breach ©f criminal laws i) it being always underftood, that the time granted for the 3 * faid * faici emigration fTiall be limited to the fpace of one year, to be cotT)puted * from the day of the Ratification of theDennitivc Treaty. n. * As to what rcfpctJls the line tb be drawn from Rio-Pcrdldo, as contained * in the Note remitted by M. Bndy of the i8th of this month, with regard to * the Limits of Louifiana, his Majefly is obligrd to rcjcd fo unexpedled a pro- * pofition, as by no means admifTible in two refpefls, I . * Becaufe the faid line, under colour of fixing the limits of Louifiana, an- * nexes vaft courttries to that province, which with the commanding polls and * forts, the Marqtiis de Vandreuil has, by the moft folcmn capitulation, incon- * teflibly yielded into the poflcfllon of his Britannic Majcfty, under the dcfcripr * tion of Canada, and that confequently, however contentious the pretenfions of * the two Crowns may have been before the war, and particularly with refpcft * to the cdurfe of the Ohio, and the territories in that part fince the furrender * 0^ Canada, arnd the line of its limits has been traced as aforefaid by the Mar* * quis de Vandftftril, all thofe oppofite titles are united, and become valid without * corvtrodiAidn, to coirfirtn to Great Britain, with all the refl: of Canada, the pof- * ft^fTion of thofe countries on that part of the Ohio which have been heretofore * contdted. t. •• The line propofen! to fi* the Bounds of Louifiana cannot be admitted, be- * caufe it would comprize in anothe part, on the fide of the Carolinas, very * extenfive cOuntt-ies and numerous nations, who have always been reputed to <^ be iHtder the protedtion of the tCing, a right which his Majefly has no inten- * tion 'df renouncing *, and then the King, for the advantage of peace, might con- * fent to leave tht intermediate countries under the proteftion of Great Britain, * and prttcularly the Cherokees, the Creeks, the Chicafaws, the Chaflaws, and * fMiother nttion, fituate between the Britilh fettjements and the MifTiflTippi. m. * The King refers to the third Article of the Ultimatum of England concerning * the Cefllon of Senegal and its dependencies, as well as the ifiand of Gore^, in * the moft ample manner, as expre^ed in the faid article ; and his Majedy re- * news the declaration which has been made by Mr. Stanley, that if the Court of * France would fugged any reafonable expedient to provide themfelves with * Negroes, which may not be too detrimental to the interefts of the Britifh fub- * je^ in Africa, he will willmgly enter upon a difcufllon of this fubjefl. IV. * The important privilege granted by the 13th article of tlie treaty of Utrecht, < under certain limitations and reftriflions, to the fubjedls of France for fifhing * and drying their cod fifh on a Certain part of the banks of Newfoundland, has * not been rcfufcd by Great Britain, but connedled with a reciprocal fatisfadlion on * the part of France, with regard to the indifpcnfable objedl of Dunkirk, which * the King has required, and Hill requires : ic is therefore on condition that the G a * toyim ill f> '[ 52 ] #? Town and Port of Dunkirk fliall be put in the condition it ought to have betn in by the iaft treaty of Aix la Chapeiie, that his Majefty confents to renew to France the privilege of fifhing and of drying their filh by virtue of the trea- ty of Utrcchr, upon the aforefaid diflridl of Newfoundland. . • • ' As to the demand which his Moll Chriftian Majefty has farther made that his lubjetSts may fifli in the Gulf of St. Laurence, as alfo to have a port here '•jjithout fortifications^ and fubjed to the infpedlion of England, as propofed or* the part of the D. de Choifeul in his conferences with Mr, Stanley on that head, which port (hould merely ferve as a fhelter to the filhing boats of the French nation which fhall land there ; the King, to manifeft to his Moft Chrif- tian Majefty and to the whole world, the fincerity of his intentions with regard to peace, will confent, ,, • i- - ^- I. ' To grant the French fubjeds the privilege of filhing in the Gulf of St. Laurence, upon this exprefs condition, that is to fay ; That the faid French- fubjeifls (hall abftain from that particular filhery on all the coafts appertaining to Great Britain, whether on the Continent or on the Iflaods fituated in the faid Gulf of St. Laurence, which fifhery the proprietors only of che faid coafts- ■ have conftantly enjoyed and always exercifed; laving always the privilege grant- ■ ed by the 1 3th article of the treaty of Utrecht, to the fubjefts of France to fifh ' and dry their cod fifti on a part fpecified on the Banks of Newfoundland, ' which privilege is propofed to be renewed to France as aforefaid. >.. * The King will confent to cede to his Majefty the ifle of St. Pierre with * It's port, which ifle, wiJi refpedt to that part of Newfoundland fituate be- * tween the bay of PJacentia and the bay of La Fortune, ftands eaft fouth eafty * and its port opens towards the north caft, the interior part of which port i^ ' called Eourgivay, the ifle of St. Pierre, which the King is willing to cede, is * divided by a little ftreight from another ifland known by the name of Ma- * quelon^ or of Michelou, which lies to the north of the faid ifle of St. Pierre. * To the ceflion of the faid ifle, as above mentioned, his Majefty annexes * (our indifpenfible conditions. - • 1. ' That France, on no pretence, nor under any denomination whatever,' * fhall ereft any fortifications, either in the faid ifle, or in its port, and that ftw^ ' ihai! not keep any troops there, nor maintain any military cftablifliment. what- * ever. 2. ' That the faid ifle and the faid port fliall only ferve as a flieltcr for the * fifhing vefTcls of the French nation, and that France fliall not uiffer the veflels ' of any other nation whatever to partake of the convenience of this flielter for ' the fifliing boats. ^, ' That tlie pofTefllon of the ifle of St. Pierre as aforefaid, fliall net becon- * ftrued in any cafe to confer, tranfmit, or participate in any manner whatever * the leafl: right or power of fifliing or of drying cod fifli in any part of the ' coaft of Newfoundland, beyond the diftrid exprefsly ftipulated and fixed for * that purpoie by the 13th article of the treaty of Utrecht, that i§ to fay, a Loco * Cap Bonaz'fta nuncupatOy ufque ad extremitatem ejiifdem InfuU feptentrionalem, * iiideque ad Lai us Occident ale recurrendo ufiiue ad Lacum Pointriche appellatum. 4. ' That I S3 ) 4. * That In virtue of the cefiion of the faid ifland as aforefaid, an EnglifFi commiffary fliall be allowed to refide there, and the commander of the Bri- ti(h fqiiadron at Newfoundland Ihall be at liberty from time to time to infpeft the faid iQe and the faid port, to fee that the ftipulations above exprefled are pundually obferved. • ; . . . , V. ■ ' • * The propofition of an alternative fuggefted by the Court of France, in rela- tion to the ifles of Tobago, St. Lucia, Dominica, and St. Vincent, common- ly called Neutral iflands, is by no means admiflible. The King however, from a principle of moderation, continues his inclination to agree to an equal partition of the faid four illands, to be afcertained in the future treaty between the two Crowns. * The King confents to reftore to his Moft Chriftian Majefty, 1. * The important conqueft of Belle-Ifle, with the artillery, &c. which was therein at the time of taking the faid Ifland. 2. ' Kis Majefty likewife agrees to reftore to the Moft Chriftian King the fer- tile and weakhy Ifland of Guadaloupe, with that of Marigalante, with the artillery, &c. which was therein at the time of taking the faid Iflands. • .1 VII. * The Ifland of Minorca fiiall be reftored to his Britannic Majefty, as likewife Fort St. Philip, in the condition it ftood, and with the artillery therein, &c. at the time of taking the faid Ifland and Fort. ,. . ■ . . ■• ■..,■■:;,■'. :. " .--■--■ ■• : ' : rym. ■'•■: ••■ - , . - - 1 -:: * * As to what regards the reftitution and evacuation of the Conquefts made by France over the King's Allies in Germany, and particularly of Wefel and the other territories of the King of Pruflla, his Majefty perfifts in his demand re- lative to that fubjedl in the 7th Article of the Ul'imatum of England ; it being always underftood, that all the places belonging to his Majefty's Allies in Gci* many fhall be reftored, with the artillery, &c. found in them at the time of taking the faid places, •: .' - ':\ - .. i •• ; . ^2 ■ , .'.••].:,.• IX. * With regard to the fuccour to be afforded to the King of Prufl^a on the part of the Britifli Crown, as an Auxiliary, after the conclufion of the feparate Peace between Great Britain and France, his Majefty remains in the fanie in- flexible refolution, which he declared at the firft overture of the prefent Nego- tiation, that he will never defift from giving conftant fuccour to the King of Prufliia, as an Auxiliary, with Efficacy and good Bnith, in order to attain the fa- lutary end of a general Pacification in Germany. With this view, his Miijefty, far from propofing to leave France at Uberty to fend armies into Silefia, with- out being limited to the number Jlipnlated in her a£lu 4 engagements ivith the Couri. ofVienndy (a circumftarce not to be found in any part of xht-JJltimatum of Eng- land) has uniformly declared, as the 13th Article of the faid Ultimatum pro- feflfes, that Great Britain and France ftiall be at liberty to fupport their lefpcc- A. tive ■^ C 54 ] tive Allies as Auxiliaries, in their particular contcft fw the recovery ©f SilefM, according to the engagements entered into tiy each Crown. * The King declares at the iame time, that his Majeily has neither the inten< tion nor the authority to lake upon him to inhibit and forbid any foreign troops from entering into the fervice and pay of the King of PruUla, howe«.'er his Majefty might be inclined to confent not to furnifli, but by means of fubfifiy, thole fupplies which Great Britain ihatl judge cenrenient to grant his PrulCati Majedy, in purfuance of her engagements. X. * With regard to the Captures made after the commencement of hoftilicieai and before the Declaration of War, the King continues of opinion, that fuob t demand on the part of France is neither juft nor maintainable, according to the mod incontellible principles of the rights of War and of Nations. Xf. ** Concerning the evocuodions of OHiend and Nieuport, the King cannot but refer to the moft escprefs and irrevocable ilipulaQicm of the m&Ct folemn Trea- ties, and expne^d in the i ith Article of the £7/^MM/ivm of Great Britain, s& aifo to his Declaration relative to that fubjed : and his Majefty relies on the fince- rity of the Declaration on the part of France ; that is to fay, that the intention of his Moft Cbrpian Majefty ti&utr was 46 keep pt^^jfficn of the afore/aid places >af' ter the return of Peace* XII. • In regard to the ceiTadon of hoftilities, the King perfifts, in every refpedt, in * the fame intentions, declared in the itih Article of the Britilh Ultimatum* XIII. • As to what concerns the French Eaft-India Company, he can only refer to * the 9th Article of the Ultimatum of England, with regard to which so diiagree* * ment feems to fubfift. . . XIV. * As to the prifoners of war, the two Courts feem to ^ree perfectly on that « head. • The Court of France cannot but perceive from this Anfweil, the fiflcerity of * his Majefty^s intentions, as well as the moderation which diredb his Majefty co« *■ wards the means of reconciliation wiih the Moft Chriftian King. • Signed N. Stanley.^ The D. rial of France to England, gtk SipttmheKi ly Si, The Memorial of France to the Anfwer of England, tranfmitted to the D. d^ Chmfeul the firft of September, by M. Stanley the Mi> ifter of his Britannic Ma^efty. * 'T' H E King accepts the Declaration of the King of England contained in « "^ the preamble of the Anfwer, and renews that which he before made to * his Majefty on this head, in fuch manner that it is concluded between the two < Courts finally and without ambiguity, that if peace is not the refult of the pre- * fent Negotiation, all that has been ^id-, written and negotiated between the two * Crowns, fince the Memorial of the 26th of March incluiive, to the moment * of the rupture, fhall be void and of no efledt, and (hall not be brought as an * argument in favour of cither of the parties, in any future negotiation of Peace. Article !• < The King has declared in his firft Memorial, and in his Ultimatum, That he will cede and guaranty to England, the polTefllon of Canada, in the molt anvple manner ; his Majefty pecfifts in that offer, and without difcuflTing the Line of its Limi:^ iiiarked in a map prefented by Mr. Stanley ; as that line, on which England refts its demand, is without doubt the moft extenfive bound which can be given to the ceflion, the King is willing to grant it. * His Majefty bad annexed four conditions to his guarranty : it iecms that England agrees to them •, the King only conceives that the term of one year for tie faleof the French t?k&.% and for the Emigration is too fhort, and his Majefty defires that it may be agreed to extend the tern> of one year to eighteen months at leaft. * As the Court of England has added, to the firft article of their Anfwer to the entire and total CeflHon of Canada, as agreed between the two Courts, the word Btpendatcits, it is neceflary to give a fpecific explanation of this word, that th^ ctfllon might not in the end occafion difficulties between the two Courts with regard to the meaning of :he word Dependencies. .••;•■.■■ II. - * The firft paragraph, with refpeft to the limits of Louisiana, contained in thfe J ftcond article of the Anfwer from England, is agreed to by France. The ie- * cond M i- if :* i-'i V« '* i « [ 56 ] 'coi^d paragrnph Is neither jufl: nor explicit, and it is finally propbfcd tp cxprefs it in the following terms. •'»' -^t^e intermediate Savage Nations betzvecn the Lakes and the MiffiJ/ippi, and with- in the Line traced ottt^ Jhall be neuter and independent under the proteSlion of the ■King, and thvfe without the Line on the fide of the Englifh fljall be likewife neuter and indepcndant under the proteciicn of the King of England. The Englifi) traders clfo pall be prohibited from going among the Savage Nations beyond the Line on either fide ; but the [aid nations fhall not be refrained in their freedom of commerce tiith th( French and Englijh, as they have exercifed it heretofore, ■ • ' '■ ^ • III. ' . •— • ■ - ■-'• •■ • ■■ ^ • * Although France Is fenfible how oppofite it is to principles of conciliation, that the pa"ty which cedes fhould propofe to the party who has conquered and would maintain the ceflion of pofleflions which are not perfedly known ; though there is no doubt but that the manner which England requires is liable to in- numerable difiicuities, neverthelefs the King, to teftify his acquiefcence in every expedient which may conciliate the two Crowns, is willing to declare to Eng- land, that he will guaranty the poflTeflion of Senegal and Goree to that Crown, provided England, on iicr part, will guaranty the pofleflion of the fettlements of AnamabcQ and Akra, on the coaft of Africa. « c f, t i ^ t c ( c * ( ( t i 4 i t iv: * The fourth article of the Anfwer includes variety of objedls, each of which requires a particular explanation. ' England always endeavours to conne6t the liberty of fifhing and of drying the fifh on part of the coaft of Newfoundland, granted by the fifteenth article of the Treaty of Utrecht, with the ninth article of the fame Treaty, which fti^ pulates the Demolition of Dunkirk : it is given in anfwer to England for the fourth and laft time, that thofe two ftipulations of the Treaty of Utrecht have nothing in common between them, unlefs that they are both comprized in the (aid Treaty ; and that the conceflion expreffed in favour of the French in the thirteeth article of that Treaty, is a compenfation for the ceflion of New- foundland and Annapolis Royal, made on the part of France to England by the twelfth and thirteenth articles of the fame Treaty. * But to the end that the two Courts may clearly underftand each other on this head, and for the furtherance of Peace, the King agrees to demolilh the works which have been made for the defence of the port of Dunkirk fince the Begin- ning of this war, to fill up the bafon which contains the (hips of war, and to deftroy the buildings .belonging to the rope yard : but at the fame time his Majcfby will leave the trading port, which will not receive a frigate, fubfifting for the good of England as well as for the benefit of France. She will alfo un- dertake not to fuffer any maritime military ertablifliment in that port-, but the cunette fhall be left ftanding round the place for the falubrity of the air, and the health of the inhabitants. * As [ 57 I * As to the fifhery and the drying of fifh on the Banks of Newfoundland, the King requires that the thirteenth article of the Treaty of Utrecht be confkmed by the prefent Treaty. ' Concerning the condition propofed by England, with refped to the liberty cf fifliing in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, France agrees, that beyond the port of Newfoundland fpecified by the thirteenth article of the Tredty of Utrecht, the French (unlefs in cafe of accidents) cannot land on the coafts appertaining to the Englifti in the Gulf of St. L-awrence, whether to dry their fifli, or to fpread their net* on the faid coafts j but without thefe two exceptions the French fliall be at liberty to fifli, without moleftation, in all parts of the faid Gulf of St. Lawrence. * With refpedt to the ceflion of the ifland •f St. Pierre, the fmallnefs of that ifland, and its fituation near Plaifance, make the King of opinion that fuch a (helter will be illufory, and will rather ferve to breed contefts between the two nations, than to procure the accommodations for the fifhery of the French fub- je61:s. * The King had required the ifland of Cape Breton, or the idand of St. John •, his Majelly bad even reftrained himfelf to the little ifland of Conceau, and now makes the fame propofition to his Britannic Majefty j or if the King of England, for reafons unknown to France, cannot agree to the ceflion of the • ifle of Conceau, it is propofed to add to the ceflion of St. Pierre, the iflands of • Maquelon or Micbelon, two iflands, of which one, which is St. Pierre, is but • three leagues wide, and Michelon but two. However inconfiderable thefe two ' fettlements may be, which do not properly make one, the King will accept of ' them, and will even oblige himfelf, i. That neither in one or the other ifland, ' or in that of Conceau, if England cedes the latter, there fliall be any military ' eftablifliment •, France will only maintain a guard of fifty men to enforce the » poHce, which it will be neceflfary to maintain in thofe iflands. 2. * As far as pofllble, confidering the weak guard of the police, the King ^ will prevent all foreign veflfels, even Englifli, from landing at thofe Iflands. 3. ' France does not pretend to fifli and dry their fifli on the Coafl: of New- • foundland, but in purfuance of the fl:ipulation of the i3ih Article of the • Treaty of Utrecht, provided it be underftood that the French may fifli and • dry their fifli on the Coafts of St. Pierre and Michelon. 4. * Laftly, the King allows, that an Englifti Commiflary fliall be refident in • the faid Ifland, to be witnefs to the punduality with which the ftipulated con- • dition of the Treaty fliall be obferved. * The partition of the four neutral Iflands muft be fpecified between the two • Courts in the Preliminaries •, France accepts the partition of thofe Iflands pro- • pofed by England, provided that St. Lucia be declared to make part of the • partition to be regulated in favour of France. VL • The King, without entering into any difcufllon of the 6th Article, agrees • to this Article as well as to the 7th. r H VIIT. C 5« ] VIII. • ■ • The Kir.g, with regard to the 8th Article, refers to the 7th Article of his VI- * timntum. It is not in his Majcfly's power to evacuate countries, which appcr- * tain to his Ally the Emprefs Qiicen. i . IX. * The ninth Article of the Anfwer of England requires feme explanation, for it is worded in fuch a manner as not to convey any precife meaning; it fup- pofes rcfpcdive Engagements on the part of the King towards the Emprefs, and on the part of England towards the King of Pruflia, to vvhich the two Courts are (Irangers. France does not fuppofe that the King of England can hinder the Allies of his Crown, fuch as the Sovereigns of Hanover, Caflel, and Brunfwick, from joining their forces with thofe of the King of Pruflia ; but without entering ii.vO a needlefs difcufllon, the King is refolved, for the fike of peace, to make the mod important facrifices, and at the fame time un- alterably determined, to grant nothing in the future Treaty of Peace, which nii) be contrary to the ftipulations he has entered into with his Allies. It is with their confcnt, and with mutual concert, that the King propofes to Eng- land, in relation to the war in Weftphalia, the loth Article of the Memorial of his Majefty's propofitions, and the 7th and 13th Articles of the French Uhimatum. The King abides by thefe Articles in anfwer to the 8th and 9th Articles of the Anfwer of England ; not refufing, neverthelefs, to treat of any frefh propofitions which England may make on thefe heads, which fhall be communicated to his Majefties Allies, and to which his Majefty will liften, wich the confcnt of the Emprefs, if they are not contrary to his Majefty's engagements with that Princefs. . . ■ . * France is of opinion that her propofition in relation to the Captures in which rhe King's fubje(5ts are interefted, are fojufl:, that (Tie abides by them, and re- fers to the 1 2th Article of his Propofitions on that head. •- ■ ^ ' • XI. * The King, after figning of the Treaty, even of the Preliminaries, will give a Declaration under his hand, to the King of England, by which hi': Majelly v;ill declare that his intention never was to bring the Towns of Oftend anq Nieuport under his dominion. " ', ' •n [ , XII. ' Provided that the terms of the CefTation of Hoftilities may not be prejudi- cial to either Crown, France will agree to them. XIII. * France adopts the Negotiation between the India Companies of the two Nations, on condition that the Negotiation (lull be concluded at the fame time ♦ with I 59 J « with that between the two Crowns, and to that efFcft, each company flull ' enter upon their Negotiation without delay, and fhail name Commi /arics for * that purpofe.* XIV. , :• * This Article will meet with no difficulty. * The Court of England will do juftice to the confiderable Accommodations * which the Court of France has teilified in this Memorial, towards a reconci- * liation between the two Crowns. It may he coUeded from this Memorial that the firft Article of the Englifh Anfwer was granted in the full extent which the Court of London required ; France only dcfired eighteen months, inltead of a year, for the emigration. By granting the firft part of the fecond Article, which cedes the whole cur- rent of the Ohio to England, France propofed in regard to the fecond point of that Article, to agree upon the nations which fhould be reputed neutral between Canada, Carolina, and Louifiana : This propofition was the more rea- fonable, becaufe that by agreeing on this divifion of the poflcfTion of the two nations, an equitable fyftem waS adopted, difcufliohs about the limits were pre- vented for the future, and France did not incur the rifk of lofing the colony of Louifiana, whenever it pleafed the Court of London to invade it. England, in her anfwer, perfifted in requiring France to namr the pofTeflions which the king defired to have on the coaft of Africa. The third Article fatis- fied that demand. Xy >r "I'" The King, in the fourth Article, agreed to the Demolition of Dunkirk, as far as it was poflTible i for it will not be pradlieable, as after the peace of Utrecht, to eredt afrelh a dam againfl: the fea, which wou'd inevitably carry it away prefently. As to what remained, it was offered to demolilh every thing at Dunkirk which had the appearance of a military port. Every one muft be fenfible how morti- fying fuch a demolition muft have been to France. Tiiey agreed that the liberty of fifhing in the Gulf of St. Laurence, and upon the banks and coalts of Newfoundland, fhould be the compenfation for the De- molition of Dunkirk. They accepted the cefTion of the Ifle of St. Pierre, on Conditions more than burthenfomc : the union of Michelon to Sc. Pierre was of the leaft ccnfequence, and the D. de Choifeul even afTured Mr. Stanley that fuch a cefTion would not be infifted on. It is true the King rejeiled the infpedion of the Englifh Admiral, and that his Majcrty was refolved rather to refufe the PofTefnon of St. Pierre, than to agree to fuch an infpedion, which was ufelefs for the maintaining the flipulations of the Treaty, and injurious to the dignity of the French nation, as that condition feemed to be propofed only with a view to manifcft, on the part of England, an ill-timed fuperiority. The other Articles of the French Memorial explain of rhemfelves, with fuffi- cient precifion, the fincere an;l pacific intentions of his Majefty. The eighth and ninth Articles of t'^e Anfwer of England, could not be agreed to in the form they ftood •, they required at leaft, efpecially the laft, fome ex- planation ; For how could the King caufe Germany to be evacuated by his H 2 forces. [ 60 ] forces, and at the fame time fulfil his engagement with the powers of the Empire his Alliis ? There was a manifeft contradidtion in this propofition. One might fuppof'J that England intended, by the ninth Article, that France, after having evacuated Weftphalia, fhould be at liberty to difpatch forces into Bohemia or Saxony to the aid of the Emprefs Queen. But not to mention that fuch a march would have been as difficult as dcftrudlive to the King's army, is it pro- bable that his Majefty, however clofely he may be conneflid with that Frincefs, fhould abandon his polTeflions in Germany, conquered from his real Enemies, to march his armies at a diftance from his frontiers, without any communication, fend his troops to the aid of this Ally, and make war upon the King of Pruflia, who is not his diredl enemy I Such neverthelefs was the propofition of England. The King, in his Memo- rial, repeated what he had faid before, that the two Crowns fhould equally re- main at peace in Germany, as in flie other parts of the world, or that England fhould propofe fome plain and honourable method to conciliate his Majefly's good faith towards his Allies, with his Majefly's defire of contributing no farther to the war in Germany. M. de BufTy remitted the Memorial of the 9th of September to Mr. Pitt, oii the 13th of the fame month, and without having received any anfwer to that Memorial on the part of the Britifh Court, Mr. Stanley wrote to the D. de Chor- feul the following Letter, and received the Anfwer underneath on the fame day. No. XXX. Mr. Stan>-^s Letter to the Duke de Choifeul, of the lotb September, 1761,. S I R, - * T Have the honour to inform your Excellency, purfuant to the orders I re- •■■ ceived yefterday from my Court, that as the Court of France has not agreed to accept the Propofitions contained in the lafl Anfwer from the Britrfh Court, the King my Matter has ordered me to requeft a pafTport of you, to return to England ; my Court expefts alfo, that M. BufTy wiH, on his part; receive the fame orders. * As the ftate of war has no infJuence over the perlbnal fentiments of the King of England, with regard to their Moft Chriftian Majefties, he is perfur.ded that they will take part in the event; of his marriage, and I have letters in my hands by which he communicates that happy event to their Majelties. I have the honour to lend your Excellency the copies, and I take the liberty. Sir, to confult your better intelligence, to inform myfelf of the moft fuitable manner of remitting thefe Letters, in purfuancc of my Credentials, and according to the eftablifhed cuftom of your Court. • I have the honour to be, &c. * Signed Stanley. * No. XXXI. L 6i ] . No. XXXI. The Duke de ChoifeuVs Anfwer to Mr. Stanley ^ the icth Septemhery \'j6i. S I R, f^ H E King has ordered me. Sir, to expedite the paflports which arc necef- "*' fary for your return to England : you will find them annexed. M. BuflTy had orders to demand an EclaircilTment with refpcdt to the lall Anfwcr from England, and to return to France if thofe EclaircinTcments were not favourable. Tuey have certainly been othcrwife, fincc your Court has anticipated his re- turn by your recall. However it be, Sir, his Majcfty hopes that fome more happy opportunity will produce more effedlual inclinations to peace, and he has charged me to obferve to you, that you may aflure the King of England, that he will always find him difpofed to renew the Negotiation, and toconfent to equitable conditions, which may eftablifh a firm union between the two Crowns. * The King mod fincerely takes part in the marriage of the King of Eng- land j if you will fend me the Letters from his Britifh Majcly, I will remit them to their Majcfties.' * I have the honour to be, &c. ' ' Signed Le Due de Choifeul.' At the fame time M. de BuflTy underftood at London, that a Courier had been difpatched to recal Mr. Stanley, he explained himfelf on that occafion ; and af- ttr the Britifli Miniftry had confirmed the faft, he defired, agreeable to the orders he had received, the neceffary Paflports to return to France. Thus the Negotiation between the two Crowns has been broken off. They who talk fo readily, and upon all occafions, that We muft make Peace^ do not confider, that however, well difpofed a Sovereign may be for the re-efl:a- blifliment of tranquillity, his defire cannot be cffedual, but when it is equally fincere on the part of the other Belligerant Powers ; and it will be admitted, on reading this Memorial, that the King has omitted nothing to come to an Ac- commodation i no one can fay, that his Majefty's Allies have occafioned the rupture of the Negotiation. It has been proved, that the war which the King maintains in Weftphalia, is a war purely Englilh, that it brings no advantage either to the Empreffcs, or to Sweden, or to Saxony ^ befides, the Propofition made by France, not to afford any fuccours, either diredt or indirect, to her Allies in Germany, evidently demonftrates that the war in Weftphalia neithev has been, or could be, n impediment to the Peace. England and fome other courts would pretend that the engagements of the King with his Catholic Majefty, and the propofition made by France to concili- ate the differences of Spain with England st the fame time with thofe which were the principal objedt of the Negotiation, had fo difgufted the court of London, that for that reafon only fhe refufed the terms for the conclufion of peace. It is true, as has been Ihewn already, that the Britifh Miniftcr haughtily rejected a t1^ •t r , [ 62 ] the expedient v/hicli his Majefty's prudent precaution induced him to fuggefl: to England, with a view to conclude a firm peace, and to entirely obviate all ob- Ihcies which might oppofe the continuance of that tranquillity which his Ma- jefty laboured to re-eflablifli j it is true likewilc, that li. ice the firll Memorial of France, there was no farther notice of the diilercnces of Spain in the propofi- tion made by the Court of Verfailles to that of London : his Catholic Majefty lias even declared to the King, that if the objtdti which concerned the SpanilTi Monarchy fliould embarrafs the negotiation and retard the peace, he agreed that thofe points fliould be no farther negotiated on the part of his Majt (ly. In fa(5l, to repeat it once more, fince the firit Memorial of France, there has been no more mention of Spain. It cannot be imagined therefore, that the intsrefts of hit; Mujcfty's Allies have proved an obftade to the pacification. It remains therefore to examine whether the Negotiation has been broken ofF with reff ed to the articles which are the llibjects of the particular difcuflion between the tw6 Crowns. It is necefPary to recolleift here, agreeable to the reprefentation in the opening of the Memorial, what were the pollefllons acqu" d fince the commencement of the war between the two Crowns, to the time vvnen the Negotiation was en- tered upon, on the bafipof the Uti poffidctu. England had conquered from France in North America, Canada, and the ifles Royal and St. John, fituate in the Gulf of St. Laurence : in i>outh Ameri- ca, the ifles of Guadalou[)e and Marigalantc : in Afiica, Senegal, and the ifland of Gorce :- in Ada, Pondicherry and the French fefiements on the coall: of Co- rom an del. In Europe, the ifland of Bellc-iflc, attacked fince the opening of the Negoti- ation, and fubfeq-.ent to the epochs of Jlatu quo^ propoled by the Court of France. The Uti pjjidetis of France comprized in Afia, the linglifli fettletncnts on the coall of Sumatra, and other advantages on ihe fide of the Mogul, ot which they had yet received but imperfttSt accounts. In Flurope, the ifland of Minorca, the Landgraviateof Flcire, the country of Hanau, and the town of Gottingen in the Elefturate of Flanover. LalUy, France had re-efiabiiflied, or could have availed herfelf of the liberty which the infraction of the Treaty ot Utrecht gave her, to re-elt. blifh the port of Dunkirk. The King oflered to guaranty Candidate theEnglifh in the utmoft extent which the Court of London required. His Majeliy propjlld that the right of fifhing and of drying thtir fifli on the Coall and on the Banks of Newfoundland fliould be confirmed to France, and on that condition flie confented to the Demolition of Dunkirk. The King propo!ed to refiore the ifland of Minorca to England, for the cef- fion of Guadaloupe and Marigalantc. His Majerty agreed to evacuate IJeire, the County of Flanau, and Go'tin- pcn, provided that one of the two Settlements Ihe had loft in Africa were re- icored to her. i he Indian companies of the two nations were to treat concerning their par- ticular pacification, agreeable to their reciprocal interefls. I If # If the redmflion of Belle-lflc Ihoiild be acknowledged a legal conqueit, though undertaken alter the propolition of l/;/' poJfiJeiis, France agreed tliac the pollel- i\6n of thit important ifl.ind Ihould rennin to L^nglind. Who can pit tend to lay, after the ioregoing reprefentation, that France has not fcriipulouny purlui-d, in all her propolitions, the principle of her Memorial of the 26th of March ! Can any one, at the fame time, deny thu the comptii- fations ofTcred by the King, vvcifi not as advantageous for En<^land as (he cuukl dcTire ? Therefore it evidently follows, that the Allies of France in Germany could hare been no obftaclc to the peace, fincc they take no part in the war whi>.h is carried on in Wedphalla, nor are ainfted by the King's forces in the war maintained in Saxony, Silefia, and Fomerania. Moreover, it was propofed to England, onthe part of France, that the two Courts fliould abfoluiely withdraw thcmfelvcs from the war. It is equally demonflrable, that Spain cannot be alledged to have been an im- pediment to the pacification, as the Kii.g did not renew the Propoiition he made to unite the accommodation of the differences of that Crov,.. with the Treaty un- der Negotiation between tnc Courts of Verlaillcs and London, and his Catholic Majelly approved of their filcnce in this behalf It is certain, that the conditions and compenfations offered by France, for the conclufion of a feparate Feacc with England, are all for the advantage of the lat- ter Power ; that the Court of London, had llie been iiKlincd to Peace, could not make claims beyond her Concjuells i and that the Court plainly r^nd clearly gave up every thing which was not compenfated by fomc reflitution on her part. This detail neceflarily leads to the quelVion, which the whole univerfe, that fuffers by the miferies of war, mult neceflarily make : What th-n has been the motive of the rupture of fuch an important Negotiation ? That motive has no other principle than the pofitive aversion of the Court of London to Peace : it has proved impoflible to infufe a conciliating fpirit into a Court refolved to per- pttu.ite the War, and lefs influenced by the real interefts of the kingdom and the deftrudion of the human ipecies, than inflated with the fucctfs fhe has had, and greedy of tliofe advantages flie has farther in viev/. It is with regret that the King finds himfeJf obliged to continue an oppofition by force to the progrefs of the ambitious defigns of his enemies, and under an impofllbility of procuring his people that repofe which his Majelty wifhed, for their welfare. The King trufts, that Providence will dilappoint thofe vaft pro- je6l?, which England fcarce endeavours t > difguife, and which threaten the fecu- rity of every Potentate. Ilis Majcfl:y, invariable in his pacific difpofitions, will be always ready to concur in every expedient wliich may be judged proper to re- cftabUfli the public tranquillity, and will make no difficulty of facrificing, even his own interefts, to the glory and conf elation of reflioring Peace to his kingdom and to Europe. ^ "^ By Order of the King, .^ Signed LE DUC DE CHOISEUL. ■*> ** C O N- If q O N N S. •/%♦ u m '^ Introdu^ion - ' ' ■ ' "' Page 3 — 6 No. 1. Declaration of their Prtijfian and Britannic Alnjejlies 6 No. II. Counter Declaration of bis Moft Cbrijiian Majt'Jly No. III. The DecLiration of his Mcjl Chrijlian Majejly No. IV. Letter from the Duke de Cbvifeul to Mr. litt No. V. Memorial of the Cbrijiian King No. VI. Mr. Pitt's Letter to the Duke of Cboifeul No. VII. The Memorial of his Britannc Majefty, of the Stb of April lySt No. VIII. Letter from the D. de Cboifeul to Mr. Pitt No. IX. The Memorial of bis Mofi Chri/lian Majejiy, of the gtb April 1761 No, X. Mr. Pitt's Letter to the D. de Cboifeul No. XI. The Memorial of bis Britannic Majefty of the i^tb of Aprils 1761 No. XH. Letter from the D. de Cboifeul to Mr. Pitt No. XIII. Another Letter from the D. dt Cboifeul to Mr. Pitt, of the ^'.h of May^ 1 761 Mr. Pitt's Anfwer to the D. de Cboifeul^ of the 1 itb May, 1761 5 9 to 12 15 16 17 18 '9 No. XIV. No. XV. ib. 20 Another Letter from Mr. Pitt to the D. de Choiful, of the ii tb ^ 4 May, 1 76 1 No. XVI. The Memorial of the Britifh Minijler of the i yth June, 1 761 No. XVII. The French Memorial^ i^tb July, 1761 No. XVIII, 7be private Memorial of France^ of 15//& July, 1761, relating to Spain No. XIX. M. Buffs Note to Mr. Pitt No. XX. Mr. Pitt's Letter to M.Buffy, l/^tb July, I j6i No. XXI. The Anfwer of the Britifh Court to the Memorial of French Propo- fttions, 2qtb July^ 1761 No. XXII. Ultimatum of France, in > eply to that of England, of ^th of Au- No. XXIII. M.Buffy's Letter to Mr. Pitt, gtb Augujl, iy6v**^U <'' '' No. XX IV. Note of the Spanifb Ambaffador to Mr. Pitt - - / 'j^' No. XXV. Memorial concerning the Vefjels taken before the War *^ No. XXVI. Mr. Pitt's Letter to M. Buffy, x^lb Aug-djl, 1761 .'. . ' No, XXVII. M. Buffs Anfiver to Mr. Pitt, i6ib Augujt, 1761 ••'•'' No. XXVIII. The Anfwer of England to the Ultiin;ituin of France, received the ifl September, 1761 .\\ " No. XXIX. The laji Memorial of France to England, c^tb September^ 1 761 No. XXX. Mr. Stanley's Letter to the D. de Cbc'^'iuly of the lotb September, 1761 No. XXXI. The D. de ChoifeuPs Anfwer to Mr. Stanley, the 20th Septem- ber, 1761 ■ « 2t 23 27 33 ' 35 36 37 40 43 > 44 46 ; 48 49 50 55 6b 61 -** .«r ■# t 1 «!,