- u:; D 101.6/5:p 7~5~ ~:;~_;~ {._ .• '· . \ ;.i f ' ~ e;. • JULY 1994 USAEHA TG No. 196 CONTENTS 1 CONTENTS ................................................... INTRODUCTION ............................................... 2 4 HOUSE PLANTS ............................................ 4 GARDEN PLANTS .......................................... 10 ORNAMENTAL PLANTS ..................................... 17 25 TOXIC PLANTS ................................................ WILD PLANTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . REFERENCES ................................................ 59 POISON CONTROL CENTER PHONE NUMBERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 64 INDEX ..................................................... 1 JULY 1994 USAEHA TG No. 196 USAEHA TECHNICAL GUIDE NO. 196 GUIDE TO POISONOUS AND TOXIC PLANTS INTRODUCTION Purpose This technical guide (TG) supplements Army Regulation (AR) 608-10, Child Development Services. Appendix C of AR 608-10 provides a list of toxic plants which are not permitted either indoors or outdoors of the Child Development Center. The list contains no descriptions of the plants, no distribution information, and no indication as to what part of the plant is poisonous. This TG provides pictures, common names, descriptions, toxic parts of the plants, symptoms of poisioning and distribution maps of those plants normally found in the wild. Many of the names of the poisonous and toxic plants are underlined. These underlined names reflect those names which are listed in AR 608-10. There are several plants listed in AR 60810 for which we can find no evidence of toxicity. These are Arrowhead, Betel Nut Palm, Periwinkle, and Primrose. In addition, we have added some plants not listed in AR 608-10 which might reasonably be found on or near Child Development Centers. These include: • Baneberry • Buttercup • Candelabra Cactus • Cowslip • Coyotillo • Golden Chain • Magnolia • Poinsettia • Poison Hemlock • Pokeweed • Potato • Skunk Cabbage • Snow-on-the-Mountain We have arranged the plants in categories based on the location in which they may be found. These categories are House Plants, Garden Plants, Ornamental Plants and Wild Plants. In some instances, certain plants are found in more than one location. For these, we have placed the plant in the category where it is most likely to be found. However, the index provides both common names and scientific names for all of the plants and the page on which their description is found. This guide is presently limited to plants found in the continental U.S. (CONUS). However, locations outside the continental U.S. (OCONUS), including Hawaii and Alaska, may have these and other poisonous plants. 2 JULY 1994USAEBA TG No. 196 All of the distribution maps in this TG were generated from distribution descriptions in the references. Because of the vagueness of some of these descriptions, the maps may not be entirely accurate. Therefore, if there is any question concerning whether or not a particular plant may or may not be located in your area or whether a particular plant may or may not be poisonous, it is best to obtain local professional assistance. Ifa questionable plant is not included in this TG, its exclusion does not imply safety. We recommend CONUS distribution of this guide to Directors, Personnel and Community Activities; Directors, Directorate of Engineering and Housing; and Preventive Medicine Services and Units. References References are provided in Appendix A. Acknowledgements The following illustrations were used with permission from the AMA Handbook of Poisonous and Injurious Plants, copyright 1985, American Medical Association. Aloe vera Brugmansia X candida Cypripedium Kalmia latifolia Karwinskia humboldtiana Taxus species Zantedeschia aethiopica 3 USAEHA TG No. 196 JULY 1994 TOXIC PLANTS HOUSE PLANTS Alocasia species Common names: Description: Toxic Part: Symptoms: Elephant's Ear Angel Wings (see Caladium bicolor) Caladium bicolor Common names: Description: Toxic Part: Angel Wings Elephant's Ear, Cabeza de Burro, Malanga de Jardin, Malanga Cara de Chivo, Chine Ape, Papao-Apaka, Papao-Atolong, Taro Erect perennial with long stemmed, spearhead-shaped leaves. Flowers appear on a greenish stem. The leaves and stems are injurious. Chewing of plant part causes a painful burning sensation of the lips, mouth, tongue, and throat. Caladium, Angel Wings, Caladio, Cananga, Capotillo, Couer Saignant, Corazon de Cabrito, Heart-of-Jesus, Lagrimas de Maria, Mother-in-Law Plant, Paleta de Pintor. Showy, variegated, heart-shaped leaves. Color may vary from white to orange or red depending on species. The whole plant is injurious when ingested. Symptoms: Intense irritation of the lips, mouth and throat. 4 USAEHA TG No. 196 Calla Lily (see Zantedeschia aethiopica) Candelabra Cactus (see Euphorbia species) Dieffenbachia species Common Names: Description: Toxic Part: Symptoms: Dieffenbachia Elephant Ear (see Alocasia species) JULY 1994 Dumbcane, Camilichigue, Dumb Plant, Mother-in-Law's Tongue Plant. Th.ll, erect plants with large oblong leaves splotched with ivory markings. Leaf Chewing on the leaf produces immediate intense pain followed by swelling of the mouth. 5 USAEHA TG No. 196 Epipremnum aureum Common Names: Description: Pathos Toxic Part: JULY 1994 Pothos, Amapalo Amarillo, Devil' s Ivy, Golden Ceylon Creeper, Golden Hunter's Robe, Golden Pothos, Hunter's Robe, Ivy Arum, Malanga Trepadora, Solomon Island Ivy, Thro Vine, Variegated Philodendron Climbing vine with large heart-shaped leaves that are usually streaked with yellow. The whole plant is injurious. Symptoms: Causes diarrhea upon ingestion. Also causes dermatitis when touched. Causes burning sensation in mouth when eaten. Euphorbia species E. lactea Common Names: Description: Toxic Parts: Symptoms: Candelabra Cactus Candelabra Cactus Many-branched succulent, spiny shrub or tree with milky sap and wing-like spiny ridges.· Lea~es, stems, and milky sap. When ingested, causes severe irritation of the mouth, throat, and skin; temporary blindn~ss; vomiting; diarrhea; and stomach pain. 6 USAEBA TG No. 196 E. marginata Common Names: Description: Toxic Parts: Snow-on-the Mountain Symptoms: E. pulcherrima Common Names: Description: Toxic Parts: Poinsettia Symptoms: JULY 1994 Snow-on-the-Mountain Thll annual herb with milky juice, growing up to 3 feet in height. Leaves are lance shaped and smooth, bordered by conspicuous white margins. Flowers are bordered with a whorl of white petal-like leaves. Fruit is 3-celled 3-lobed capsule. Leaves, stems, and milky sap. When touched, causes blistering of the skin. When ingested, causes severe irritation of the mouth, throat, and stomach; nausea; abdominal pain; fainting; and diarrhea. Poinsettia, Christmas Flower, Christmas Star, Easter Flower. Large green stem leaves and smaller but showy red, pink, or yellow leaves surrounding the flowers. Fruit is a 3 celled, 3-lobed capsule. Leaves, stems, and milky sap. When touched, causes irritant dermatitis. If ingested, may cause gastritis. Jerusalem Cherry (see Solanum pseudocapsicum) 7 USAEBA TG No. 196 JULY 1994 Mother-in-Law-Plant (see Caladium bicolor) Orchid (see Cypripedium species) Poinsettia (see Euphorbia species) Philodendron species Common Names: Description: Toxic Part: Symptoms: Philodendron Solanum pseudocapsicum Common Names: Description: Toxic Part: Symptoms: Jerusalem Cherry Philodendron Climbing vines with aerial roots. Leaves large and variable, the most common being heart-shaped. Leaves When ingested, causes painful burning of the lips, mouth, tongue, and throat. Contact dermatitis is common. Jemsalem Cherry, Coral Mostly herbs or shrubs. Are often spiny, hairy, or have stinging hairs. Berries are black, orange, yellow, or red. Entire plant, especially the berries. When ingested, causes gastric irritation, scratchy feeling in the throat, fever, and diarrhea. 8 USAEHA TG No. 196 JULY 1994 Zantedeschia aethiopica Common Names: Calla, Calla I .ily, Lirio Cala. Description: Smooth-edged arrowhead-shaped leaves which grow on long stalks. Flower may be white or green. Toxic Part: Leaves are injurious. Symptoms: When ingested, causes intense burning of the lips and mouth. Also direct irritant Calla Lily dermatitis. 9 USAEHA TG No. 196 JULY 1994 GARDEN PLANTS Bleeding Heart (see Dicentra spectabilis) Capsicum species Common Names: Description: Toxic Part: Peppers Symptoms: Chrysanthemum species Common Names: Description: Toxic Part: Symptoms: Chrysanthemum Red Pepper, Cayenne Pepper Plants with elliptic, smooth-edged leaves. Flowers are usually white with a purple tinge. Fruit is a pod containing many seeds, which turn red, orange, or yellow at maturity. Fruits Ingeston of fruit causes burning rash, swollen tissues, intense eye irritation, irritation of the lips, mouth, throat, stomach. Ingestion may also result in vomiting and diarrhea. Contact with skin may cause burning or reddening of skin. Smoke from burning plants may cause eye irritation. Chrysanthemum, Daisy, Feverfew, Marguerite Showy flowers in almost all colors except blue. Leaves and stems. Skin contact may cause dermatitis. 10 USAEBA TG No. 196 Colchicum species Common Names: Description: Toxic Part: Symptoms: Crocus Crocus (see Colchicum species) Daffodil (see Narcissus species) Hyacinth (see Hyacinthus orientalis) Hyacinthus orientalis Common Names: Description: Toxic Part: Symptoms: Hyacinth JULY 1994 Crocus, Autumn Crocus, Fall Crocus, Meadow Saffron, Mysteria, Vellorita, Wonder Bulb. Tubular purple or white flowers which emerge from the underground bulb. Whole plant is ~poisonous. Upon ingestion, immediate burning pain in mouth and throat with intense thirst followed by nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Less than one flower can be deadly. Garden Hyacinth Bulbous herbs with long, narrow leaves. Has flowers of white, yellow, red, pink or blue. Bulbs Ingestion causes stomach cramps, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. 11 USAEHA TG No. 196 JULY 1994 Hydrangea macrophylla Common Names: Hydrangea, Hills-of-Snow, Hortensia, POPO-HAU, Seven Bark Description: Large bush of up to 15 feet. Stems and twigs are usually reddish brown. The leaves are 6 inches or longer, dark green above, grayish and fuzzy beneath, and scalloped around the margin. The tiny white flowers are borne in huge clusters. Flowers may also be rose, deep blue or greenish white in color. Hydrangea Toxic Part: Flower bud is the most poisonous. Symptoms: Ingestion may cause cyanide poisoning. Some hours may elapse after ingestion before symptoms appear. Abdominal pain, vomiting, lethargy, and sweating may develop. Iris species Common Names: Iris, Flags, Fleur-de-Lis Description: Lily-like with leaves which are long and narrow. Flowers are large with pink, blue, lilac, and purple to white, brown, yellow, orange and almost black flowers. Toxic Part: Leaves and rootstock. Symptoms: Burning and severe pain in the intestinal tract; nausea and severe diarrhea. Skin irritation may result from the sap and seeds in some species. Jonquil (see Narcissus) 12 USAEHA TG No. 196 Lathyrus species Sweet Pea Lobelia species Lobelia Symptoms: JULY 1994 Common Names: Sweet Pea, Everlasting Peas Description: Climbing plants with showy flowers, singly or in clusters and are red, pink, white, yellow, blue or purple in color. Fruit is a usually flat legume pod containing several seeds. Toxic Part: Entire plant, especially the seeds. Symptoms: Upon ingestion, causes permanent paralysis, slow and weak pulse, shallow breathing, pain, weakness, tremors, excitement, and convulsions. Common Names: Cardinal Flower, Indian Tobacco, Asthma Weed, Bladderpod Lobelia, Emetic Weed, Eye Bright, Gag Root, Puke Weed, Wild Tobacco, Blue Cardinal Flower, Great Blue Lobelia. Description: Flowers are distinctive in having two small petals opposed by three large petals. Flowers may be blue, pink, red, yellow, or white. Toxic Part: Entire plant. Poisoning uncommon except when plant extracts are employed in home medicine. 13 USAEHA TG No. 196 Lycopersicon lycopersicum Common Names: Description: Toxic Part: Symptoms: Tomato Narcissus species Common Names: Description: Toxic Part: Symptoms: JULY 1994 Tomato Erect to trailing herb with lobed or toothed leaves. Flowers are yellow. Fruit is smooth and more or less round, usually red. Leaves, vines, and sprouts. Headache, stomach pain, vomiting, diarrhea, subnormal temperature, and circulatory and respiratory depression. Daffodil, Jonquil, Narcisco, Narcissus, Paciencia. Grown from a bulb. May be one or more flowers which are usually white or yellow. Bulbs (mistaken for onions) Nausea, vomiting and sometimes diarrhea. Ornamental Pepper (see Capsicum species) Potato (see Solanum tuberosum) 14 USAEHA TG No. 196 Rheum rhabarbarum Common Names: Description: Toxic Part: Symptoms: Rhubarb Rhubarb (see Rheum rhabarbarum) Solanum tuberosum Common Names: Description: Toxic Parts: Potato Symptoms: JULY 1994 Rhubarb, Garden Rhubarb, Pieplant, Wineplant Thick fleshy stalks with large leaves. Leaf blades. Nausea, violent vomiting, nasal bleeding, stomach pains, headache, backache, weakness, difficulty in breathing, and burning of mouth and throat. Death occurs rapidly if large amounts of leaf blades are eaten. Potato, Irish Potato, White Potato Upright herbs with edible underground tubers. Leaves are oval and pinnately divided. Flowers are white or bluish and in clusters. Fruits are rounded yellowish or green berries. Green and spoiled potatoes, sprouts, and unripe berries. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, headache, stomach pain, cold and clammy skin, dilated pupils, circulatory and respiratory depression, shock, and paralysis. Tomato (vines) (see Lycopersicon lycopersicum) 15 USAEBA TG No. 196 Tulip (see Tulipa species) Tulipa species Common Names: Description: Toxic Part: Symptoms: Tulip JULY 1994 Tulip Most grow to about 2-feet tall. Blooms occur in May and are a characteristic bowl shape. Bulbs Contact Dermatitis. On ingestion, may cause nausea, vomiting, increased salivation and heart palpitations. 16 USAEHA TG No. 196 JULY 1994 ORNAMENTAL PLANTS Avocado (leaves) (see Persea americana) Azaleas (see Rhododendron) Cestrum species C. diurnum Common Names: Day Blooming Jessamine, Chinese Inkberry, Dama de Dia, Galan de Dia Description: Day blooming jessamine is an evergreen shrub or tall bush with white flowers. Fruit is a black berry. Toxic Part: Fruit and sap. Symptoms: Gastroenteritis 17 USAEHA TG No. 196 JULY 1994 C. nocturnum Common Names: Night Blooming Jessamine, Chinese Inkberry, Dama de Noche, Galan de Noche, Juele de Noche, --~;: Lilas de Nuit, ' I~ Jasmin de Nuit I J Description: Night blooming jessamine has flowers which have fragrance at night. Fruit is Jessamine white Toxic Part: Fruit and sap. Symptoms: Gastroenteritis Dicentra species D. cucullaria Common Names: Dutchman_'_s Breeches, Breeches Flower Description: Native perennial herb with no stem above ground; leaves and flower stalks arising from a granulate bulb below ground; leaves 4-12 inches long, finely dissected; flowers with Dutchman's Breeches two basal projections on the white perianth, producing a shape like that of Dutchman's breeches. Toxic Part: Entire plant Symptoms: Salivation and dyspnea. Abdominal pain and diarrhea may be noted. 18 USAEHA TG No. 196 JULY 1994 D. spectabilis Common Names: Bleeding Heart Description: Delicate, herbaceous, early spring-flowering plants. Flowers are either pink or white. Toxic Part: Entire plant. Bleeding Heart Symptoms: Contact dermatitis. Dutchman1 s Breeches (see Dicentra cucullaria) English Ivy (see Hedera species) Devil 1 S Ivy (see Epipremnum aureum) Gelsemium sempervirens Common Names: Carolina Jessamine, Yellow Jessamine, Carolina Yellow Jessamine, Yellow Jasmine Jessamine Description: Woody trailing or climbing evergreen vine with fragrant yellow flowers. Toxic Part: Entire plant. Symptoms: Profuse sweating, muscular weakness, convulsions, respiratory depression, and paralysis of the motor nerves. 19 USAEHA TG No. 196 Golden Chain (see Laburnum anagyroides) Hedera species Common Names: Description: Toxic Part: Ivy (English) Symptoms: Holly Berries (see Ilex species) flex species Common Names: Description: Holly Toxic Part: Berries. JULY 1994 Algerian Ivy, Canary Ivy, English Ivy, Ivy, Nadeira Ivy, Yedra Climbing vines. Berries are black and globular. Berry and leaf. Burning sensation in throat when ingested. English Holly, European Holly, Oregon Holly, American Holly, Deer Berry, Emetic Holly, Indian Black Drink Evergreen trees with stiff leathery leaves. Berries are usually bright red but may be yellow. Symptoms: Nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. 20 JULY 1994 USAEHA TG No. 196 Ivy (Boston, English, and Others) (see Hedera species) Laburnum anagyroides Common Names: Golden Chain. Description: A small tree with leaves on long stems. Has sweetpea-shaped Golden Chain flowers that are golden yellow and formed in big masses. Seeds are contained in long, flattened pods. Toxic Parts: Seeds and flowers. Symptoms: Vomiting, diarrhea, drowsiness, weakness, incoordination, sweating, pallor, headache, dilated pupils, and a rapid heartbeat. Magnolia grandijlora Common Names: Magnolia Description: Large tree with white showy flowers. Magnolia (flower) Toxic Parts: Flowers Symptoms: Consumption of the flower can cause headache and depression. Leaves may cause contact dermatitis in susceptible individuals. 21 USAEHA TG No. 196 Nerium oleander Common Names: Description: Oleander Toxic Part: JULY 1994 Oleander Shrub that grows to 20 feet. Long narrow leaves up to 10 inches long. Flowers form in small clusters and are red, pink or white. Seeds develop in long narrow capsules which are 3/8 inch in diameter by 5 inches long and are dispersed by the wind. Whole plant, including smoke from burning and water in which the flowers have been placed. Symptoms: Pain in the oral cavity, nausea, vomiting, cramping, and diarrhea. Oleander (see Nerium oleander) Persea americana Common Names: A\'ocado, Alligator Pear Avocado Description: Tree with alternate leaves, oblong to oval in shape. Has small white flowers. Toxic Part: Leaves, bark and seeds. Symptoms: Ingestion causes diarrhea, and nausea. 22 USAEHA TG No. 196 Rhododendron species Common names: Description: Toxic Part: JULY 1994 Azalea, Rhododendron, Rhodora, Rosa Laurel, Rosebay. Evergreen, semi evergreen, or deciduous shrubs with a variety of colored flowers. Leaves and honey made from the flower nectar. Symptoms: Burning in mouth. Later, salivation, emesis, and diarrhea occur; also a prickling sensation in the skin. Sweet Pea (see Lathyrus species) Taxus species Common Names: Description: Toxic Part: Yew Symptoms: Yew, Ground Hemlock Evergreen trees and shrubs. Seeds are green to black and partially exposed in a fleshy red cup. Most of the plant, including the seeds. Dizziness, dry mouth, and mydriasis develop within one hour; followed by abdominal cramping, salivation and vomiting. 23 USAEBA TG No. 196 JULY 1994 Wisteria species W. jloribunda Common Names: Japanese Wisteria W. sinensis Common Names: Chinese Wisteria Description: Twining woody vines. Leaves are large. Flowers are peashaped and white, bluish, purplish, red or pink. Fruit is long, thick, flat, knobby Wisteria legume pod. Toxic Part: Pods and Seeds Symptoms: Nausea, repeated vomiting, stomach pains, severe diarrhea, dehydration, and coiiapse. Yew (see Taxus species) 24 JULY 1994 USAEHA TG No. 196 WILD PLANTS Abrus precatorius Common Names: Precatory Bean, . Rosary Pea, Iequirity Bean, Prayer Bean, Love Bean, Lucky Bean Description: Twining, more or less woody perennial vine of the legume family. Flowers are rose to purple, rarely white, small and pea-like. Fruit is a short legume pod. Seeds are oval, brilliant red Jequirity Bean and jet black shiny beans. Toxic Part: Seeds. Symptoms: Severe stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, trembling, weakness, cold sweat, drowsiness, labored breathing, anemia, convulsions, weak and fast pulse, kidney failure, circulatory collapse, coma and death. Actaea rubra var. arguta Common Names: Western Baneberry, Red Baneberry, Snakeberry Description: Thll perennial herb with large, spreading toothed leaves and thick root. Has white flowers and red berries. Baneberry Toxic Parts: All parts, but mostly the berries, root, and sap. Symptoms: Severe stomach and abdominal pains, diarrhea, vomiting, dizziness, delirium, increased pulse, and circulatory failure. 25 USAEHA TG No. 196 Aconitum species Monkshood Toxic Part: Symptoms: Aesculus species Buckeye Toxic Part: Symptoms: JULY 1994 Common Names Monkshood, Aconite, Friar's Cap, Helmet Flower, Soldier's Cap, Wolfsbane Description: Perennials 2-6 feet in height. Resemble delphiniums. Flowers usually blue but may be white, pink, or flesh toned. Dried seed pods contain numerous tiny seeds. Whole plant, especially the leaves and roots. Burning sensation of the lips, tongue, mouth and throat. Nausea and vomiting may develop. Common Names: Horse Chestnut, Buckeye, Bongay, Conquerors, Fish Poison, Marronnier, Marronnier d'Inde. Description: About 13 species, mostly large trees. Flowers may be white, white blotched with red and yellow, pink, yellow and red, or red. Seed is leathery and smooth or warty. Buckeye seed is glossy brown with a white scar. The seed may be covered with spines. Nuts and twigs. Severe gastroenteritis. 26 USAEBA TG No. 196 Aloe vera Common names: Aloe vera Description: Toxic Part: Latex beneath the skin. Symptoms: Vomiting after ingestion. Amanita verna Common Names: .,......,.,~ ··.21~ .j I ,~ 1:-j t . . . . . Description: Toxic Part: Mushroom Symptoms: JULY 1994 Star Cactus, Sabila, Sempervivum, Sinkle Bible, Zabila, Zavila About 250 species. Leaves usually appear in compact rosettes and are thick, hard, pointed and may have spines or teeth along the margins. Flowers usually red or yellow. Death Cap Mushroom, Deadly Amanita Mushroom, White Amanita Mushroom Chalky white with a bulbous base. Entire plant. Sudden and severe abdominal pain, profuse vomiting, diarrhea, distorted vision, excessive thirst, circulatory failure, prostration, coma and death. 27 USAEHA TG No. 196 JULY 1994 Anemone species Common names: Pasque Flower, Anemone, April Fools, Cats Eyes, Gosling, Hartshorn Plant, Lily of the Field, Lion's Beard, Nightcaps, Nimble Weed, Prairie Crocus, Prairie Hen Flower, Prairie Smoke, Anemone Thimbleweed, Wild Crocus, Windflower. Description: Usually less than 1 foot tall. Flowers appear singly on stem -yellow, red, white or purple. Toxic Part: The whole plant is poisonous. Symptoms: Skin irritant and vesicant. Ingestion causes ulceration of the mouth and severe gastroenteritis. Angel Trumpet Tree (see Brugmansia x candida) Apricot (Kernels) (see Prunus species) 28 USAEHA TG No. 196 Arisaema triphyllum Common Names: Jack-in-the-Pulpit Description: Toxic Part: Whole plant. JULY 1994 Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Bog Onion, Brown Dragon, Cuckoo Plant, Indian Jack-in-the Pulpit, Memory Root, Pepper Turnip, Petit Precheur, Priests Pentle, Small Jack-in-the-Pulpit, Starchwort, Three Leaved Indian Turnip, Wake Robin. Two leaves branching from the stalk with three lance-shaped leaflets at the end. Flower may be green, green striped with brown, or brown. Berries are red. Symptoms: Burning of the lips, mouth and throat. 29 USAEHA TG No. 196 Asclepias species Milkweed Toxic Parts: Symptoms: Common Names: Description: Entire plant. JULY 1994 Milkweed There are approximately 20 different species. They are perennial, summer or autumn flowering herbs with milky juice. They have erect, non-twining stems. The fruit is the familiar inflated milk-weed pod filled with numerous seeds, each bearing a tuft of long, silky hairs. There are two major groups, narrowleaved and broad-leaved. Profound depression, weakness, tetanic seizures, labored respiration, elevated temperature. Baneberry (see Actaea rubra var. arguta) Bittersweet (see Solanum dulcamara) 30 USAEHA TG No. 196 JULY 1994 Brugmansia X candida Common names: Angel Tmmpet Tree, Belladonna, Campana, Cornucopia, Floripondio Angel Trumpet Tree Description: May grow to 20 feet in height. Flowers are white, yellowish white, or pinkish white. Toxic Part: Whole plant is toxic, but flowers and seeds are most often implicated in poisoning. Symptoms: Dry mouth, dry warm skin, tachycardia and delirium with hallucinations. Buckeye (see Aesculus species) Buttercups (see Ranunculus species) 31 USAEBA TG No. 196 JULY 1994 Caltha species C. palustris Common Names: Cowslip C. leptosepala Common Names: Marsh Marigold Description: Perennial herbs of marshy wetlands. Have large kidney-shaped leaves that are about 7 inches wide. Stems are 8 to 24 inches long, smooth, hollow and furrowed. C. palustris has bright yellow flowers and C. leptosepala has white flowers. Toxic Parts: All parts of the plant. Symptoms: Chewing of the plant causes acute inflammation and occasional ulceration of the mouth and throat. 32 USAEHA TG No. 196 Cannabis sativa Common Names: Description: Marijuana Toxic Part: JULY 1994 Marijuana, Hemp, Hashish, Mary Jane, Pot, Grass. Thll coarse annual with long-stalked leaves. Flowers are small, green, and clustered. Flowers, leaves and stems are covered with hairs which exude a sticky resin. Entire plant, especially the leaves, flowering parts, sap, and resinous secretions. Symptoms: Exhilaration, hallucinations, delusions, mental confusion, dilated pupils, blurred vision, poor coordination, weakness, stupor, and coma. Castor bean (see Ricinus communis) Cattail (see Typha latifolia) Cherries (seeds, bark, pits, leaves) (see Prunus species) 33 USAEHA TG No. 196 JULY 1994 Chlorophyllum m olybdites Common Name s: Morgan Lepiota, Green-gilled Lepiota, Greenspored Mushroom. Description: Large mushroom with a thick white scaly cap 10-30 centimeters wide and a white stalk. Gills and spores are greenish when mature, later Mushroom turning dark brown. Toxic Part: Entire plant. Symptoms: Strong purgative and can cause nausea, weakness, faintness, chills, vomiting, cramps and diarrhea. Christmas Rose (see Helleborus niger) 34 USAEHA TG No. 196 Cicuta maculata Water hemlock Symptoms: Common Names: Description: Toxic Part: JULY 1994 Wate_r___h_emlock Thll, perennial herbs. Roots have hollow horizontal chambers that exude a gummy and oily yellow juice when cut. Flowers are small and white. Fruits are dry, ribbed, two-part capsules. Entire plant, especially the roots and young growth. Frothing at the mouth, tremors, spasms, dilated pupils, extreme stomach pain, diarrhea, violent convulsions, vomiting, delirium, respiratory failure, paralysis, and death. Conium maculatum Common Names: Description: Poison Hemlock Toxic Part: Poison Hemlock, Bunk, California Fern, Poison Parsley, Poison Root, Snake Weed, Spotted Hemlock, Spotted Parsley, Winter Fern, Wode Whistle. Resembles a carrot with large lacy leaves, but the root is white. Whole plant, particularly the root and seeds. Symptoms: Irritation of the mucous membranes of the mouth and throat with salivation, nausea, and vomiting. 35 USAEHA TG No. 196 Convallaria majalis Common Names: Description: Lily-of-the-Valley JULY 1994 I .ily-of-the Yalley, Conval Lily, Mayflower, Muguet. Small perennials with two oblong leaves and a flower stalk bearing small, bell-shaped white flowers on one side. May occasionally have orange-red fleshy berries. Toxic Part: Entire plant and the water in which the plant has been kept. Symptoms: Pain in the mouth, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, cramping and diarrhea, and heart arrhythmias. Cowslip (see Caltha leptosepala) Coyotillo (see KalWinskia humboldtiana) Cypripedium species Common Names: Description: Toxic Part: Lady's Slipper Symptoms: Orchid, Lady's Slipper Has lance-shaped leaves 2 to 6 inches long. Yellow-green flowers with white pouches which may be blushed with pink or spotted with purple. Bulbs Contact Dermatitis 36 JULY 1994USAEHA TG No. 196 Datura stramonium Common Names: Jimsonweed, Thomapple, Jamestown-weed, Stinkweed, Datura Description: Coarse weedy herbs with stout stems and foul-smelling herbage. Leaves are large and oval with wavy margins. Flowers are fragrant, white, large, tubular, and showy. Toxic Part: All parts, particularly the seeds and leaves. Symptoms: On ingestion: dry mouth, thirst, redness of skin, disturbed vision, pupil dilation, nausea, vomiting, headache, hallucination, excitement, rapid pulse, delirium, incoherent speech, apparent insanity, convulsions, elevated temperature, high blood pressure, and coma. In severe cases, death may result. 37 USAEHA TG No. 196 JULY 1994 Daphne mezereum Common names: Bois Gentil, Bois Joli, Dwarf Bay, February Daphne, Flax Olive, Lady Laurel, Mezereum, Spurge Laurel, Spurge Olive Description: Deciduous rounded shrubs that grow 4 to 5 feet in height. Flowers are lilac-purple or white and grow in clusters. Fruits are scarlet or yellow with a pit. Toxic Part: The whole plant is poisonous, including the flower, but most intoxications have been associated with the fruit and seeds. Symptoms: Ingestion of the fruit or chewing the bark produces swelling of the oral cavity and salivation. This is followed by thirst, abdominal pain, vomiting and diarrhea. 38 USAEHA TG No. 196 Delphinium species Common Names: Description: Toxic Part: Larkspur Symptoms: Digitalis purpurea Common Names: di0 \utf Description: Foxglove JULY 1994 I .arkspur Thll or short herbs with usually blue showy flowers. Seeds are enclosed in a 3-celled capsule. Entire plant. Burning sensation of the mouth and skin, nervousness, headache, weakness, prickling of the skin, low blood pressure, nausea, vomiting, depression, weak pulse, and convulsions. If eaten in large quantities, death may occur in less than 6 hours. Eoxgln\'e, Digitalis, Fairy Bells, Fairy Cap, Fairy Glove, Fairy Thimbles, Folks Glove, Ladies' Thimbles, Lion's Mouth, Pop-Dock, Rabbit Flower, Thimbles, Throatwort, Witches' Thimbles. Flowers form along the central stalk and droop down. They may be pink or purple and are usually spotted on the inside. Toxic Parts: The whole plant is extremely poisonous. Symptoms: Pain in the oral cavity, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, cramping, and diarrhea. 39 USAEHA TG No. 196 Elderberry (see Sambucus species) Equisetum arvense Common Names: Description: Horsetail Toxic Part: Entire Plant. JULY 1994 Horsetail, Foxtail, Rush Small herbaceous perennials, growing each season from deeply buried rhizomes. Aerial stems are jointed, hollow, and of harsh texture to the touch. Stems and branches are green, often occurring in great numbers, giving the appearance of a horse's tail. Symptoms: Weakness, ataxia, rapid and weak pulse, and cold extremities. Four-0' -Clock (see Mirabilis jalapa) Foxglove (see Digitalis) 40 USAEHA TG No. 196 Helleborus niger Common Names: Description: Christmas Rose Toxic Part: Christmas Rose, Hellebore Evergreen perennial herb grows to 2 feet with oval leaves. Flower is 2 to 3 inches across with white or pinkish petals. Fruit is a small capsule with many glossy black seeds. Whole plant is poisonous. JULY 1994 Symptoms: Pain in mouth and abdomen with nausea, emesis, cramping and diarrhea. Horsetail Reed (see Equisetum arvense) 41 USAEHA TG No. 196 JULY 1994 l omoea tricolor Common Names: Morning Glory, Heavenly Blue, Pearly Gates, Flying Saucers, Wedding Bells, Summer Skies, Blue Water Description: Stout, twining herb with large heart-shaped Morning Glory leaves. Flowers are tubular with coloring from dark blue to white and sometimes rose-lavender. Seeds are found in capsules. Toxic Part: Seeds. Symptoms: Hallucinations, panic, detachment, incoherent speech, cold hands and feet, nausea, vomiting, laughing and crying jags, strong body odor, mental disorder, and suicidal attempts. Jack-in-the-Pulpit (seeArisaema triphyllum) Jequirity Bean (see Abrus precatorius) Jessamine Pea (see Cestrum) Jimson Weed (see Datura stramonium) 42 USAEHA TG No. 196 Kalmia species K. angustifolia Common Names: Description: Laurel Toxic Part: JULY 1994 Lambkill, Sheepkill, Calfkill, Dwarf I .amel Open woody shrub, 1 to 4 feet tall, evergreen. Flowers are rose or crimson in color. Fruit is 5-cavitied, many-seeded capsule. Entire plant. Symptoms: Anorexia, salivation, depression and nausea K. latifolia Common Names: Description: Mountain Laurel Toxic Part: Mountain Laurel, Calico Bush, Ivybush Dense, woody, round-topped shrub or small evergreen tree. Flowers rose to white with purple markings. Fruit is 5-cavitied, many-seeded capsule. Entire plant. Symptoms: Anorexia, salivation, depression and nausea 43 USAEHA TG No. 196 K. polifolia var. microphylla Common Names: Description: Toxic Part: Laurel Symptoms: Karwinskia humboldtiana Common Names: Description: Coyotillo Toxic Parts: The fruit is poisonous. JULY 1994 Pale Laurel, Bog Laurel. Small woody bush to 10 inches tall. Flowers are showy, rose to purple in color. Entire plant. Anorexia, salivation, depression and nausea. Buckthorn, Coyotillo, Tullidora Shrubby tree which grows to about 6 feet. Berry shaped fruit turns black when mature and contains a pit. Symptoms: Paralytic neuropathy which may result in respiratory paralysis. 44 USAEHA TG No. 196 JULY 1994 Lantana camara Common Names: I .antana, Shrub Verbena, Yellow Sage, Bunchberry Description: Sprawling shrubs with squarish prickly stems. Flowers grow in flat clusters. Flowers change colors in 24 hour period opening from yellow then changing to orange then Lantana red. Toxic Part: The immature berries are poisonous. Mature fruit is probably not poisonous. Symptoms: Weakness, lethargy, emesis, diarrhea. Larkspur (see Delphinium) Laurels (see Kalmia species) Lily-of-the-Valley (see Convallaria majalis) 45 USAEHA TG No. 196 JULY 1994 Lophophora williamsii Common Names: Peyote, Mescal, Mescal Buttons Description: Small carrotshaped spineless and fleshy member of the cactus family. Stems are dome-shaped with low rounded knob-like projections (buttons). Flowers are small and bellshaped, white to rose-pink. Fruit is a pink Peyote berry with black seeds. Toxic Part: Entire plant, especially the buttons. Symptoms: Hallucinations, anxiety, muscular tremors, and twitching. Vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pains, pupil dilation, blurred vision, headache, dizziness, illusions, wakefulness, inability to focus ones attention, forgetfulness, loss of sense of time, muscular relaxation, and circulatory depression. Marijuana (see Cannabis sativa) Mayapple (see Podophyllum peltatum) 46 USAEHA TG No. 196 Menispermum canadense Common Names: Description: Moonseed Toxic Part: Fruit. Symptoms: Convulsions. Milkweed (see Asclepias species) Mirabilis jalapa Common Names: Description: Four-O'-Clock Toxic Part: Roots and seeds. JULY 1994 Moonseed, Canada Moonseed, Texas Sasparilla, Yellow Sasparilla Woody twining vine grows to 12 feet. Large broad leaves are 8 inches long and slightly lobed. Grape-like fruit in clusters and is bluish black with a crescent-shaped pit. May be confused with wild grape. Four-0'-Clock, Beauty-of-theNight Tuberous, erect perennial (or annual depending upon climate). Leaves are deep green, ovate, and pointed. Flowers are tubular and red, pink, yellow, or white, often striped and mottled. Symptoms: Acute stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and irritation of the skin and mucous membranes. 47 USAEHA TG No. 196 JULY 1994 Mistletoe (see Phoradendron serotinum) Moonseed (see Menispermum canadense) Monkshood (see Aconitum species) Morning Glory (see Ipomoea tricolor) Mushroom (see Amanita verna and Chlorophyllum molybdites) Nicotiana glauca Common Names: Tobacco Description: Shrub or small tree with a whitish smooth bark. Leaves are thick and rubbery. Yellow flowers are tubular. Fruit is a many-seeded capsule. Tobacco Toxic Part: Entire plant. Symptoms: Nausea, burning of mouth and intestinal tract, severe vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pain. Nightshade (see Solanum species) 48 USAEHA TG No. 196 Ornithogalum species Common Names: Description: Toxic Part: Star-of-Bethlehem Symptoms: JULY 1994 Star-of-Betb]ebem Onion-like. White, showy, star-like flower. Fruit is 3-lobed, several seeded capsule. Bulbs, leaves, and flowers, both fresh and dried. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach pain. Peyote (Mescal) (see Lophophora williamsii) Phoradendron serotinum Common Names: Mistletoe Description: Parasitic plants that grow on trees and shrubs. Flowers are small. Fruits are small white berries (sometimes reddish or pink) with sticky pulp. Mistletoe Toxic Part: All parts, especially the berries. Symptoms: Stomach and intestinal pain, diarrhea, slow pulse. Death may occur within a few hours. 49 USAEHA TG No. 196 Phytolacca americana Common Names: Description: Pokeweed Toxic Parts: JULY 1994 Pokeweed, Pokeberry, Skoke, Inkweed Shrub-like herb with large fleshy taproot. Large oblong, pointed, leaves. Flowers and fruits are in clusters. Flowers are white to purplish. Fruit at maturity is a dark purple berry (nearly black) with red juice. Entire plant, especially the roots, shoots and unripe berries. Symptoms: Burning and bitter taste in the mouth, severe stomach cramps and pain, nausea, persistent vomiting, diarrhea, blurred vision, drowsiness, slowed respiration, salivation, perspiration, difficult breathing, weakness, tremors, severe convulsions, spasms, coma, and death if plant is eaten in large amounts. 50 USAEHA TG No. 196 JULY 1994 Podophyllum peltatum Mayapple Common Names: Mayapple, American Mandrake, Behen, Devil's Apple, Hog Apple, Indian Apple, Raccoon Berry, Umbrella Leaf, Wild Jalap, Wild Lemon. Description: Grows to 1.5 feet and has two large umbrella-like leaves. Has single white nodding flower. Flower followed by yellowish green fruit about the size and shape of an egg. Toxic Part: Entire plant, except the fruit (which may cause mild catharsis). Symptoms: Vomiting and catharsis. Poison Hemlock (see Conium maculatum) Poison Ivy (see Toxicodendron radicans) Poison Oak (see Toxicodendron diversilobum or T. toxicarum) Pokeweed (see Phytolacca americana) 51 USAEHA TG No. 196 Prunus species ~~~ :>; (...,._.,·,11:4...' Prunus Ranunculus species Buttercup Common names: Description: Toxic Part: Symptoms: Common names: Description: Toxic Part: Symptoms: JULY 1994 Apricot, Cherry, Choke Cherry, Peach, Plum, Sloe. Trees and shrubs with white or pink flowers. The kernel in the pit is poisonous. Abdominal pain, vomiting and lethargy. Buttercup, Crowfoot, Bassinet, Blister Flower or Wort Herbs with yellow, white or sometimes red flowers. Sap is toxic. Blistering and ulceration of the mouth when eaten. 52 USAEHA TG No. 196 Ricinus communis Castor Bean Toxic Part: Symptoms: Common Names: Description: Seeds JULY 1994 Castor Bean, African Coffee Tree, Castor Oil Plant Grows to 15 feet or higher with large lobed leaves up to 3 feet across. Spiny seed pods form clusters along spikes. Pods contain plump seeds resembling fat ticks in shape and size, usually mottled black or brown on white. Poisoning apparent only after a latent period of several hours. Symptoms usually consist of nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Rosary Pea (see Abrus precarorius) 53 USAEHA TG No. 196 Sambucus species Common Names: Description: Toxic Part: Elderberry JULY 1994 Elderberry, American Elder Six to twelve foot shrub with serrated oval leaflets. Small white flowers. Purplish-black fruits. Whole plant is poisonous. Ripe fruit is harmless when cooked and is generally considered to have no adverse effect if limited amounts are eaten raw. Symptoms: Uncooked berries may have laxative effect. Leaves, roots, bark, or immature berries may cause diarrhea. Skunk Cabbage (see W!ratrum californicum) 54 USAEHA TG No. 196 Solanum species S. dulcamara Bittersweet Toxic Part: Symptoms: JULY 1994 Common Names: Bittersweet, Agridulce, DogWood, Fellen, Fell on wort, Morelle DouceAmere, Poison Berry or Flower, Poisonous Nightshade, Deadly Nightshade, Scarlet Berry, Snake Berry, Woody Nightshade, Climbing Nightshade. Description: Leaves are ovate, alternate, and entire or lobed. Fruits are round with bright red berries. Berries. Headache, stomach pain, vomiting, diarrhea, dilated pupils, subnormal temperature, shock, abdominal pain, circulatory and respiratory depression, loss of sensation, and paralysis. 55 USAEHA TG No. 196 S. nigrum Nightshade Toxic Part: Symptoms: Common Names: Description: Leaves and unripe berries. JULY 1994 Nightshade, Black Nightshade, Deadly Nightshade Leaves are ovate, alternate, and entire or lobed. Flowers are small, white, and star-shaped. Fruits are round with purple or black berries with many seeds. Headache, stomach pain, vomiting, diarrhea, dilated pupils, subnormal temperature, shock, abdominal pain, circulatory and respiratory depression, loss of sensation, and paralysis. Star-of-Bethlehem (see Ornithogalum species) Toxicodendron species T. diversilobum Common Names: Description: Toxic Parts: Symptoms: Weste.rn_Eoison Oak Has the familiar three leaflets, grows as a shrub or vme. Roots, stems, leaves, pollen, flowers, and fruits. Itching, burning, and redness of the skin. Small blisters may appear in a few hours or days. 56 USAEBA TG No. 196 JULY 1994 T. quercifolium Common Names: Eastern Poison Oak Description: Never climbs or produces aerial roots. Leaves are densely pubescent. Fruit is larger than those of poison ivy. Poison Oak Toxic Parts: Roots, stems, leaves, pollen, flowers, and fruits. Symptoms: Itching, burning, and redness of the skin. Small blisters may appear in a few hours or days. T. radicans Common Names: Description: A trailing or climbing vine, shrub or small tree in the cashew fam i I y. Leaves are 3-foliate with oval, pointed, glossy, and lobed or toothed leaflets. Flowers are greenish-white and clustered in the axils of leaves; fruits are berry-like, whitish, and Poison Ivy waxy. Toxic Parts: Roots, stems, leaves, pollen, flowers, and fruits. Symptoms: Itching, burning, and redness of the skin. Small blisters may appear in a few hours or days. Tobacco (see Nicotiana glauca) 57 USAEBA TG No. 196 Typha latifolia Common Names: Description: Cattail Toxic Parts: JULY 1994 Cattail, Cat's Thil Iris-like leaves with fat-cigar shaped, brownsurfaced spike of densely packed woolly fibers. Leaves Symptoms: Stiffness, profuse perspiration and muscular trembling. Veratrum californicum Skunk cabbage Toxic Parts: Symptoms: Common Names: Description: Entire plant. Corn Lily, Skunk Cabbage Tall, broad-leaved herbs growing up to 7 feet in height from a thick rootstock. Leaves are large, alternate, pleated, clasping, and parallel veined. Flowers are numerous and white to greenish in large terminal clusters. Fruit is 3-lobed. Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pains, reduced blood pressure, slow pulse, lowered body temperature, shallow breathing, salivation, unpleasant taste, muscular weakness, nervousness, spasms, convulsions, and general para! ysis. Water Hemlock (see Cicuta maculata) 58 USAEHA TG No. 196 JULY 1994 REFERENCES AR 608-10, Child Development Services, 12 February 1990 Kingsbury, J.M., 1964. Poisonous Plants ofthe United States and Canada, Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, NJ. Lampe, K.F., 1981. Common Poisonous and Injurious Plants, U.S. Department of Health, and Human Services, Washington, DC. Lampe, K.F. and M.A. McCann, 1985. AMA Handbook of Poisonous and Injurious Plants, American Medical Association, Chicago, IL. Schmutz, E.M. and L.B. Hamilton, 1979. Plants That Poison, Northland Publishing, Flagstaff, AZ. Spoerke, D. G. and S.C. Smolinske, 1990. Toxicity ofHouseplants, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. 59 USAEHA TG No. 196 JULY 1994 POISON CONTROL CENTER PHONE NUMBERS The following telephone numbers are provided for Regional Poison Control Centers as points of contact in the event of an emergency dealing with toxic plants. Center ALABAMA Alabama Poison Center ARIZONA Arizona Poison Control System CALIFORNIA Los Angeles County Medical Association San Diego Regional Poison Center San Francisco Bay Area Regional Poison Control Center University of California Davis Medical Center COLORADO Rocky Mountain Poison Center Denver, CO DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA National Capital Poison Center Phone No. (205) 345-0600 (Admin) (800) 462-0800 (AL only) (602) 626-7899 (Admin) (800) 362-0101 (AZ only) (213) 664-2121 (Admin) (213) 484-5151 (619) 294-3666 (Admin) (619) 294-6000 (415) 821-8324 (Admin) (415) 476-6600 (916) 453-3414 (Admin) (916) 453-3692 (303) 893-7774 (Admin) (800) 332-3073 (CO only) (800) 525-5042 (MT only) (800) 442-2702 (WY only) (303) 629-1123 (202) 625-6073 (Admin) (202) 625-3333 60 USAEHA TG No. 196 FLORIDA Thmpa Bay Regional Poison Control Center GEORGIA Georgia Poison Control Center INDIANA Indiana Poison Center KENTUCKY Kentucky Regional Poison Center LOUISIANA Louisiana Regional Poison Control Center MARYLAND Maryland Poison Center MASSACHUSETTS Massachusetts Poison Control Center MICIITGAN Blodgett Regional Poison Center Grand Rapids, MI Poison Control Center Detroit, MI JULY 1994 (813) 251-6911 (Admin) (800) 282-3171 (813) 253-4444 (404) 589-4400 (800) 282-5846 (317) 630-6382 (Admin) (800) 382-9097 (317) 630-7351 (502) 562-7264 (Admin) (800) 722-5725 (KY only) (502) 589-8222 (318) 674-6364 (Admin) (800) 535-0525 (318) 425-1524 (410) 528-7604 (Admin) (800) 492-2414 (MD only) (410) 528-7701 (617) 735-6607 (Admin) (800) 682-9211 (617) 232-2120 (616) 774-7854 (Admin) (800) 632-2727 (MI only) (313) 745-5329 (Admin) (800) 462-6642 (AC 313 only) (800) 572-1655 (Rest of MI) (313) 745-5711 (800) 442-4571 (AC 616 only) 61 USAEHA TG No. 196 MINNESaTA Hennepin Regional Poison Center Minneapolis, MN Minnesota Regional Poison Center MISSOURI Cardinal Glennon Children's Hospital Regional Poison Center St. Louis, MO NEBRASKA Mid Plains Poison Center Omaha, NE (Surrounding states) NEW JERSEY New Jersey Poison Information and Education System NEW MEXICO New Mexico Poison and Drug Information Center NEW YORK Long Island Regional Poison Center NORTH CAROliNA Duke University Poison Control Center JULY 1994 (612) 347-3144 (612) 347-3141 (612) 221-3096 (Admin) (800) 222-1222 (612) 221-2113 (314) 772-8300 (Admin) (800) 392-9111 (MO only) (314) 772-5200 (402) 390-5434 (Admin) (800) 642-9999 (NE only) (800) 228-9515 (402) 390-5400 (201) 926-7443 (Admin) (800) 962-1253 (NJ only) (201) 923-0764 (505) 277-4261 (Admin) (800) 432-6866 (NM only) (505) 843-2551 (516) 542-2323 (919) 684-4438 (Admin) (800) 672-1697 (NC only) (919) 684-8111 62 USAEHA TG No. 196 OHIO Central Ohio Poison Control Center Southwest Ohio Regional Poison Control System Cincinnati, OH PENNSYLVANIA Pittsburgh Poison Center RHODE ISLAND Rhode Island Poison Center TEXAS North Central Texas Poison Center Texas State Poison Center UTAH Intermountain Regional Poison Center Salt Lake City, UT WEST VIRGINIA West Virginia Poison Center JULY 1994 (614) 461-2012 (Admin) (800) 682-7625 (614) 228-1323 (513) 872-5111 (800) 872-5111 (412) 647-5600 (Admin) (412) 681-6669 (401) 277-5906 (Admin) (401) 277-5727 (214) 920-2586 (Admin) (800) 441-0040 (TX only) (214) 920-2400 (409) 761-3332 (Admin) (409) 765-1420 (713) 654-1701 (Houston) (516) 478-4490 (Austin) (800) 392-8548 (TX only) (801) 581-7504 (Admin) (800) 662-0062 (UT only) (801) 581-2151 (304) 347-1212 (Admin) (800) 642-3625 (WV only) (304) 348-4211 63 USAEHA TG No. 196 Abrus precatorius 25 Aconite 26 Aconitum 26 Actaea rubra var. arguta 25 Aesculus 26 African Coffee Tree 53 Agridulce 55 Algerian Ivy 20 Alligator Pear 22 Alocasia 4 Aloe vera 27 Amanita verna 27 Amapalo Amarillo 6 American Elder 54 American Holly 20 American Mandrake 51 Anemone 28 Angel Trumpet Tree 31 Angel Wings 4 Apricot 52 April Fools 28 Arisaema triphyllum 29 Asclepias 30 Asthma Weed 13 Autumn Crocus 11 Avocado 22 Azalea 23 Baneberry Red Baneberry 25 Western Baneberry 25 Bassinet 52 Bean Castor Bean 53 Jequirity Bean 25 Love Bean 25 Lucky Bean 25 Prayer Bean 25 Precatory Bean 25 Beauty-of-the-Night 47 Behen 51 INDEX Belladonna 31 Bittersweet 55 Black Nightshade 56 Bladderpod Lobelia 13 Bleeding Heart 19 Blister Flower or Wort 52 Blue Cardinal Flower 13 Blue Water 42 Bog Laurel 44 Bog Onion 29 Bois Gentil 38 Bois Joli 38 Bongay 26 Breeches Flower 18 Brown Dragon 29 Brugmansia X candida 31 Buckeye 26 Buckthorn 44 Bunchberry 45 Bunk 35 Buttercup 52 Cabeza de Burro 4 Cactus Candelabra Cactus 6 Star Cactus 27 Caladio 4 Caladium 4 Caladium bicolor 4 Calfkill 43 Calico Bush 43 California Fern 35 Calla 9 Calla Lily 9 Caltha C. leptosepala 32 C. palustris 32 Camilichigue 5 Campana 31 Canada Moonseed 47 Cananga 4 JULY 1994 64 USAEHA TG No. 196 Canary Ivy 20 Candelabra Cactus 6 Cannabis sativa 33 Capotillo 4 Capsicum 10 Cardinal Flower 13 Castor Bean 53 Castor Oil Plant 53 eat's Tail 58 Cats Eyes 28 Cattail 58 Cayenne Pepper 10 Cestrum 17 C. diurnum 17 C. nocturnum 18 Cherry 52 Choke Cherry 52 Chestnut Horse Chestnut 26 Chine Ape 4 Chinese Inkberry 17, 18 Chinese Wisteria 24 Chlorophyllum molybdites 34 Choke Cherry 52 Christmas Flower 7 Christmas Rose 41 Christmas Star 7 Chrysanthemum 10 Cicuta maculata 35 Climbing Nightshade 55 Coffee Tree African Coffee Tree 53 Colchicum 11 Conium maculatum 35 Conquerors 26 Conval Lily 36 Convallaria majalis 36 Coral 8 Corazon de Cabrito 4 Corn Lily 58 Cornucopia 31 Couer Saignant 4 Cowslip 32 Coyotillo 44 Crocus 11 Prairie Crocus 28 Wild Crocus 28 Crowfoot 52 Cuckoo Plant 29 Cypripedium 36 Daffodil 14 Daisy 10 Dama de Dia 17 Dama de Noche 18 Daphne February Daphne 38 Daphne mezereum 38 Datura 37 Datura stramonium 36, 37 Day Blooming Jessamine 17 Deadly Amanita Mushroom 27 Deadly Nightshade 55, 56 Death Cap Mushroom 27 Deer Berry 20 Delphinium 39 Devil's Apple 51 Devil's Ivy 6 Dicentra 18 D. cucullaria 18 D. spectabilis 19 Dieffenbachia 5 Digitalis 39 Digitalis purpurea 39 Dog-Wood 55 Dumb Plant 5 Dumbcane 5 Dutchman's Breeches 18 DwarfBay 38 Dwarf Laurel 43 Easter Flower 7 Eastern Poison Oak 57 Elderberry 54 Elephant's Ear 4 Emetic Holly 20 Emetic Weed 13 English Holly 20 JULY 1994 65 USAEHA TG No. 196 English Ivy 20 Epipremnum aureum 6 Equisetum arvense 40 Euphorbia 6 E. lactea 6 E. marginata 7 E. pulcherrima 7 European Holly 20 Everlasting Peas 13 Eye Bright 13 Fairy Bells 39 Fairy Cap 39 Fairy Glove 39 Fairy Thimbles 39 Fall Crocus 11 February Daphne 38 Fellen 55 Fellonwort 55 Fern California Fern 35 Winter Fern 35 Feverfew 10 Fish Poison 26 Flags 12 Flax Olive 38 Fleur-de-Lis 12 Floripondio 31 Flying Saucers 42 Folks Glove 39 Four-O'-Clock 47 Foxglove 39 Foxtail40 Friar's Cap 26 Gag Root 13 Galan de Dia 17 Galan de Noche 18 Garden Hyacinth 11 Garden Rhubarb 15 Gelsemium sempervirens 19 Golden Ceylon Creeper 6 Golden Chain 21 Golden Hunter's Robe 6 Golden Pothos 6 Gosling 28 Grass 33 Great Blue Lobelia 13 Green-gilled Lepiota 34 Greenspored Mushroom 34 Ground Hemlock 23 Hartshorn Plant 28 Hashish 33 Heart-of-Jesus 4 Heavenly Blue 42 Hedera 20 Hellebore 41 Helleborus niger 40 Helmet Flower 26 Hemlock Ground Hemlock 23 Poison Hemlock 35 Hemlock, Spotted 35 Hemp 33 Hills-of-Snow 12 Hog Apple 51 Holly American Holly 20 Emetic Holly 20 English Holly 20 European Holly 20 Oregon Holly 20 Horse Chestnut 26 Horsetail 40 Hortensia 12 Hunter's Robe 6 Hyacinth Garden Hyacinth 11 Hyacinthus orientalis 11 Hydrangea macrophylla 12 Ilex 20 Indian Apple 51 Indian Black Drink 20 Indian Jack-in-the-Pulpit 29 Indian Tobacco 13 Inkweed 50 Ipomoea tricolor 42 Iris 12 JULY 1994 66 USAEHA TG No. 196 Ivy 20 Algerian Ivy 20 Canary Ivy 20 Devil's Ivy 6 English Ivy 20 Ivy Arum 6 Nadeira Ivy 20 Poison Ivy 57 Solomon Island Ivy 6 Ivy Arum 6 Ivybush 43 Jack-in-the-Pulpit 29 Small Jack-in-the-Pulpit 29 Jamestown-weed 37 Japanese Wisteria 24 Jasmin de Nuit 18 Jasmine Yellow Jasmine 19 Jequirity Bean 25 Jerusalem Cherry 8 Jessamine Carolina 19 Carolina Yellow Jessamine 19 Day Blooming Jessamine 17 Night Blooming Jessamine 18 Yellow Jessamine 19 Jimsonweed 37 Jonquil 14 Juele de Noche 18 Kalmia 43 K. angustifolia 43 K. latifolia 43 K. polifolia var. microphylla 44 Karwinskia humboldtiana 44 Laburnum anagyroides 21 Ladies' Thimbles 39 Lady Laurel 38 Lady's Slipper 36 Lagrimas de Maria 4 Lambkill43 Lantana 45 Lantana camara 45 Larkspur 39 Lathyrus 13 Laurel 43 Bog Laurel 44 Dwarf Laurel 43 Lady Laurel 38 Mountain Laurel 43 Pale Laurel 44 Rosa Laurel 23 Spurge Laurel 38 Lepiota Green-gilled Lepiota 34 Morgan Lepiota 34 Lilas de Nuit 18 Lily Calla Lily 9 Conval Lily 36 Com Lily 58 Lily of the Field 28 Lily-of-the-Valley 36 Lily of the Field 28 Lily-of-the-Valley 36 Lion's Beard 28 Lion's Mouth 39 Lirio Cala 9 Lobelia 13 Bladderpod Lobelia 13 Great Blue Lobelia 13 Lophophora williamsii 46 Love Bean 25 Lucky Bean 25 Lycopersicon lycopersicum 14 Magnolia 21 Magnolia grandiflora 21 Malanga Cara de Chivo 4 Malanga de Jardin 4 Malanga Trepadora 6 Marguerite 10 Marijuana 33 Marronnier 26 Marronnier d'Inde 26 Mary Jane 33 Mayapple 51 Mayflower 36 JULY 1994 67 USAEHA TG No. 196 Meadow Saffron 11 Memory Root 29 Menispermum canadense 47 Mescal46 Mescal Buttons 46 Mescal Buttons 46 Mezereum 38 Milkweed 30 Mirabilis jalapa 4 7 Mistletoe 49 Monkshood 26 Moonseed 47 Canada Moonseed 47 Morelle Douce-Amere 55 Morgan Lepiota 34 Morning Glory, 42 Mother-in-Law Plant 4 Mother-in-Law's Tongue Plant 5 Mountain Laurel 43 Muguet 36 Mushroom Deadly Amanita Mushroom 27 Death Cap Mushroom 27 Greenspored Mushroom 34 White Amanita Mushroom 27 Mysteria 11 Nadeira Ivy 20 Narcisco 14 Narcissus 14 Nerium oleander 22 Night Blooming Jessamine 18 Nightcaps 28 Nightshade 56 Black Nightshade 56 Climbing Nightshade 55 Deadly Nightshade 55, 56 Poisonous Nightshade 55 Woody Nightshade 55 Nimble Weed 28 Oak Eastern Poison Oak 57 Western Poison Oak 56 Oleander 22 Olive Flax Olive 38 Spurge Olive 38 Orchid 36 Oregon Holly 20 Paciencia 14 Pale Laurel 44 Paleta de Pintor 4 Papao-Apaka 4 Papao-Atolong 4 Parsley Spotted Parsley 35 Parsley, Poison 35 Pasque Flower 28 Pea Rosary Pea 25 Peach 52 Pearly Gates 42 Peas Everlasting Peas 13 Sweet Peas 13 Pepper Cayenne Pepper 10 Red Pepper 1 0 Pepper Turnip 29 Persea americana 22 Petit Precheur 29 Peyote 46 Philodendron 8 Variegated Philodendron 6 Phoradendron serotinum 49 Phytolacca americana 50 Pieplant 15 Plum 52 Podophyllum peltatum 51 Poinsettia 7 Poison Berry or Flower 55 Poison Hemlock 35 Poison Ivy 57 Poison Oak Eastern Poison Oak 57 Western Poison Oak 56 Poison Parsley 35 JULY 1994 68 USAEHA TG No. 196 Poison Root 35 Poisonous Nightshade 55 Pokeberry 50 Pokeweed 50 Pop-Dock 39 POPO-HAU 12 Pot 33 Potato 15 Irish Potato 15 White Potato 15 Pothos 6 Prairie Crocus 28 Prairie Hen Flower 28 Prairie Smoke 28 Prayer Bean 25 Precatory Bean 25 Priests Pentle 29 Prunus 52 Puke Weed 13 Rabbit Flower 39 Raccoon Berry 51 Ranunculus 52 Red Baneberry 25 Red Pepper 10 Rheum rhabarbarum 15 Rhododendron 23 Rhodora 23 Rhubarb 15 Garden Rhubarb 15 Ricinus communis 53 Rosa Laurel 23 Rosary Pea 25 Rose Christmas Rose 41 Rosebay 23 Rush 40 Sabila 27 Saffron Meadow Saffron 11 Sage Yellow Sage 45 Sambucus 54 Sasparilla Texas Sasparilla 4 7 Yellow Sasparilla 47 Scarlet Berry 55 Sempervivum 27 Seven Bark 12 Sheepkill 43 Shrub Verbena 45 Sinkle Bible 27 Skoke 50 Skunk Cabbage 58 Sloe 52 Small Jack-in-the-Pulpit 29 Snake Berry 55 Snake Weed 35 Snakeberry 25 Snow-on-the-Mountain 7 Solanum 54 S. dulcamara 55 S. nigrum 56 S. tuberosum 15 Solanum pseudocapsicum 8 Soldier's Cap 26 Solomon Island Ivy 6 Spotted Hemlock 35 Spotted Parsley 35 Spurge Laurel 38 Spurge Olive 38 Star Cactus 27 Star-of-Bethlehem 49 Starchwort 29 Stinkweed 37 Summer Skies 42 Sweet Peas 13 Taro 4 Taro Vine 6 Taxus 23 Texas Sasparilla 4 7 Thimbles 39 Thimbleweed 28 Thornapple 37 Three Leaved Indian Turnip 29 Throatwort 39 Tobacco 48 JULY 1994 69 USAEHA TG No. 196 JULY 1994 Indian Tobacco 13 Zabila 27 Wild Tobacco 13 Zantedeschia aethiopica 9 Tomato 14 Zavila 27 Toxicodendron 56 T. diversilobum 56 T. quercifolium 57 T. radicans 57 Tulip 16 Tulipa 16 Tullidora 44 Typha latifolia 58 Umbrella Leaf 51 Variegated Philodendron 6 Vellorita 11 Veratrum californicum 58 Verbena Shrub Verbena 45 Wake Robin 29 Water hemlock 35 Wedding Bells 42 Western Poison Oak 56 White Amanita Mushroom 27 Wild Crocus 28 Wild Jalap 51 Wild Lemon 51 Wild Tobacco 13 Windflower 28 Wineplant 15 Winter Fern 35 Wisteria 24 Chinese Wisteria 24 Japanese Wisteria 24 W. floribunda 24 W. sinensis 24 Witches' Thimbles 39 Wode Whistle 35 Wolfsbane 26 Wonder Bulb 11 Woody Nightshade 55 Yedra 20 Yellow Sage 45 Yellow Sasparilla 4 7 Yew 23 70