Cornell University 
 Library 
 
 The original of this book is in 
 the Cornell University Library. 
 
 There are no known copyright restrictions in 
 the United States on the use of the text. 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924098820685 
 
In compliance with current 
 
 copyright law, Cornell University 
 
 Library produced this 
 
 replacement volume on paper 
 
 that meets the ANSI Standard 
 
 Z39.48-1992 to replace the 
 
 irreparably deteriorated original. 
 
 2004 
 
J:r~P~~ 
 
 DTTTyT?- 
 
 
 THE LEASOW.S, 
 
 BROAD STAIRS. 
 
 Olorn^U ImurrBttg Sltbrary 
 
 BOUGHT WITH THE INCOME OF THE 
 
 SAGE ENDOWMENT FUND 
 
 THE GIFT OF 
 
 Hcnrg ISi. Sage 
 
 1891 
 
 B..3b"H-0Ob 
 
 1^ 
 
 a-tl 11) 16 
 
 9306 
 
ERRATA. 
 
 Vol. I. p. 113, last paragraph, for "The original Fortune" read, "The freehold of the original 
 Fortune." 
 
 Vol. I. pp. 258, 261, /or "Rich. Dove" rmd "Rich" Done." 
 
 VoL I. p. 450, last paragraph, for " Byremares " read Bysemares." 
 
 Vol. II. p. 48, note, for " Paradisis " read " Paradisus." 
 
 Vol. II. p. 258, last paragraph, f<yr " Sir Jeremy Taylor " read " Sir Jeremy Turner. 
 
 Vol. II. p. 325, third paragraph, /cir "adventures" read "adventurers." 
 
THE HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. 
 
 There is a history in all men's lives, 
 Figuring the nature of the times deceased. 
 
 2 Henry IV. iii. i. 
 
[Issue limited to SoO Copies.'] 
 
u^MmMMA 
 
 cr. 
 
 Vulwicp College, 
 about 1700-1750. 
 
THE 
 
 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE, 
 
 DOWN TO TEE PASSING OF TEE ACT OF PARLIAMENT 
 
 DISSOLVINa TEE ORIGINAL CORPORATION, 
 
 mh AUGUST 1857; 
 
 A LIFE OF THE FOUNDER, EDWARD ALLEYJN", 
 
 AND 
 
 AN ACCUKATE TEANSCEIPT OF HIS DIAEY, 1617-1622; 
 
 TO WHICH IS ADDED K'oTICBS OF THE LiVBS AND "WRITINGS OF SOME OP THE MaSTEES AND 
 
 Fellows, together with Notes on Local Peculiarities and Associations. 
 
 By WILLIAM YOUNG, 
 
 ONE OF THE GOVEENOBS OP THE OOLLBaK. 
 
 With Numerous Illustrations. 
 
 IN TWO VOLUMES.— VOL. L 
 
 PRINTED FOE THE AUTHOE BY MOEEISON & GIBB, EDINBUEGH; 
 
 AND SOLD BY 
 
 T. B. BUMPUS, 2 GEOEGE YAED, LOMBAED STEEET, 
 
 LONDON. 
 
 1889. 
 
 E.V. 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 Long connection with Dulwich as an inhabitant, and with the College as a 
 governor, induced me to examine into the records of the place, and of the 
 institutions connected therewith. The more I looked into the papers left by 
 Alleyn, and accumulated since his death, the more curious and interesting 
 matter did I discover. Gradually, the notes made and the researches 
 undertaken, seemed to point to their being put to some practical use ; hence 
 this book. My pursuits having through a tolerably long life been more 
 commercial than literary, I am painfully conscious that I have not carried 
 out the work as a more practised hand would have done ; but if the reader 
 finds parts of this book duU, he is asked to remember, that to give due 
 effect to many portions of a history such as this, it is necessary to quote 
 in fuU, especially as one of my objects is to preserve the contents of unique, 
 and often mutilated, documents. 
 
 The method attempted in this History is to allow the various manu- 
 scripts and muniments preserved at, or connected with, Dulwich College to 
 tell their own story. Hence, in the earlier part of the narrative, the deeds 
 of purchase and sale, as well as some of the older title-deeds, are given 
 in full; then follow the deeds of consecration and foundation, as well 
 as the statutes, ordinances, and deed of uses. After the death of the 
 Founder, the facts are largely taken verbatim from the Audit Books and 
 Private Sittings Books kept by the Master and Warden for the time being. 
 The records at Lambeth Palace have also been consulted and quoted from 
 in reference to the various inquiries by the Archbishops of Canterbury as 
 Visitors; as have also the Tanner MSS. in the Bodleian Library, which, 
 so far as they relate to the College of God's Gift, were originally derived 
 from the Lambeth archives. 
 
 In the British Museum there are also several manuscripts relating to 
 my subject, especially the notes and memoranda made by the Eev. James 
 Hume (Fellow 1706-1730) and the Pev. E. A. Giraud (Fellow 1834-1857). 
 The last-named gentleman seems to have himself contemplated writing a 
 
 "VOL. I. i 
 
vi PREFACE. 
 
 History of the College; an intention whicli, however, only carried him so far 
 as to cause him to make many extracts (often in pencil) from the Audit 
 Books and other records in the College. How these notes got into the 
 market it is difficult to understand, but they seem to have been bought 
 by the British Museum in 1873 for a few shillings. 
 
 The Diary of Edward Alleyn is now for the first time printed entire, 
 verbatim et literatim. Trivial though some of the entries appear, there is 
 much to be learned from a record such as this, not only as to the prices of 
 commodities, but also the nature and extent of lawyers* fees, and even 
 servants' " tips " of those days. Again, a good deal may be learned from 
 AUeyn's phonetic spelling. It is admitted that he was not a man of very 
 high culture ; but, as an actor at the head of his profession, his pronuncia- 
 tion must have been accurate according to the standard of the day. It 
 may be taken, therefore, that his spelling generally conformed to the usual 
 sound of the word, — showing in many cases much divergence from the 
 methods now adopted, especially in the vowels. Examples will be found 
 continually, but a few may be quoted, such as — "orase" for "arras," 
 "trasses" for "traces," "gowld" for "gold," " carsey " for " kersey," and 
 conversely "Aylec " for "Alice." " Worstershir," however, seems to indicate 
 that the pronunciation of the name of this county was then as now ; and 
 "plow," "plowe," "plowghe," show the tendency to leave the old spelling 
 for the later and less sensible " plough." Sometimes his phonetic efibrts are 
 quite baffling ; in such cases the reader is left to interpret for himself. 
 
 The Diary is preceded by an attempt to tell the story of AUeyn's life, 
 as far as possible in his own words, or in those of his correspondents. The 
 gaps which necessarily occur in carrying out this plan have been filled up 
 from other sources; but where nothing is known, nothing is recorded. 
 The main facts as to the building and foundation of the College, having 
 been already given in the History, are omitted in the Life. 
 
 His biography, as given by previous authors, has been written mainly 
 with reference to matters connected with the drama ; here the endeavour 
 has been to depict him in aU the aspects of his varied career. Some new 
 matter has been discovered, notably his very early appearance on the 
 stage at Leicester (see vol. ii. p. 3), and his last written words (hitherto 
 
PREFACE. y\\ 
 
 curiously overlooked), dated within two montlis of his death (see vol. ii. 
 p. 39). 
 
 A separate chapter (vol. ii. chap, iv.), compiled by Mr. F. B. Bickley, 
 of the British Museum, is devoted to the Court-Rolls of the Manor, which 
 date back as far as 1333. The portions printed have been selected with 
 the desire to give all the early names of places and persons, as well as to 
 quote everything which is of either local or general interest. 
 
 It must be admitted that very few of the Masters, Wardens, or Fellows 
 of the College were at any time distinguished in literature or the arts ; but 
 there are exceptions, notably those of James Hume, above mentioned, 
 and John Allen (Warden 1811, Master 1820-1843), better known as 
 " Holland House Allen." Notices of these gentlemen are given separately, 
 which, it is thought, will be read with interest, specially Mr. Hume's 
 travels in France in 1714, and Mr. Allen's letters (1803-1829) on home 
 and foreign politics. Of others, such as Mr. Linley (Fellow 1816-1831), 
 such particulars are given as can be gleaned from contemporary writers. 
 Certain supplemental chapters have been added on the customs of the 
 College, specially as regards elections, residence, hospitality, etc. ; on 
 localities and names ; on the pictures and picture galleries ; on the MSS. 
 and library ; and on the Fortune Theatre. 
 
 Very free use has been made of Mr. G. F. Warner's excellent catalogue 
 of the MSS. and Muniments of Dulwich College, a work far too little 
 known. It was compiled by him in 1881 at the request of the governors 
 of the College. In many cases, specially in the Life of AUeyn, I have (with 
 his approval and consent) employed Mr. Warner's exact words, finding 
 that they expressed my meaning far better than I could do myself. Since 
 Mr. Warner completed his work, a considerable quantity of additional 
 MSS. has been found at Dulwich College ; these have been catalogued and set 
 in order by my friend, Mr. Conrad C. Dumas, M.A., of St. John's College, 
 Cambridge, whose assistance throughout has been of great value to me. 
 
 The Dulwich Muniments are numbered consecutively according to their 
 respective dates ; the manuscripts are bound in volumes, the papers in 
 each volume being numbered. When a Muniment is quoted, the number 
 only is given ; and when reference is made to a manuscript, the number of 
 
viii PREFACE. 
 
 the volume, and also the number of the MSS., is stated. As Mr. Warner's 
 catalogue is based on this plan, reference thereto is also very simple^ 
 
 The "Additional Manuscripts" recently brought to light have, so far, 
 been only assorted and numbered according to dates ; when quoted, they 
 are described as " additional MSS." 
 
 My original intention was to complete the work in one volume, but 
 materials so increased upon my hands that it became necessary to divide 
 the work into two ; this change will account for the latter chapters of the 
 second volume having no special connection with the earlier portion 
 relating to AUeyn and his Diary. 
 
 The illustrations in the first volume are mostly taken from prints in the 
 British Museum ; those in the second volume, with the exception of the 
 Founder's portrait, consist of facsimiles of manuscripts in the Muniment- 
 room at Dulwich. In both cases these have been executed by Mr. Chai'les 
 Proetorius, at the British Museum. In some of the old views of the 
 College, the dates assigned may not be quite correct, there being seldom 
 any year mentioned on the originals. 
 
 For several of the facts recorded, especially in relation to Alleyn's second 
 wife, Constance Donne, I am indebted to the Eev. T. E. O'fflahertie, Vicar 
 of Capel, Surrey. For most of the particulars of the life, and for all the 
 letters of John Alien. I have to thank Mr. Ninian Hill Thomson, formerly 
 of the Scotch Bar. 
 
 My special thanks are due to Mr. E. K. Douglas, Mr. George F. Warner, 
 and Mr. F. B. Bickley, all of the British Museum, for their assistance 
 and advice throughout ; and also to Mr. S. A. Kershaw, the librarian at 
 Lambeth Palace, for the facilities he kindly afforded for the consultation of 
 the MSS. there. 
 
 I have also to acknowledge gratefully the frequent kindnesses of all the 
 officials at the College, viz.— the Master, Mr. A. H. Gilkes ; the secretaries, 
 Mr. J. Watchhurst and Colonel Taylor ; the solicitor, Mr. A. D. Druce ; 
 and Mr. E. Cross, the chief clerk of the Estates Governors. 
 
 WILLIAM YOUNG. 
 
 Stanhill Court, Chablwood, 
 Surrey, August 1889. 
 
CONTENTS OF VOLUME I. 
 
 I. Eaelt Histoet of Dulwich, 
 II. The College dueing the Life of the Founder, 
 III. The SiATtTTEs and the Foundeb's "Will, 
 rV. Histoet of Dulwich College feom 1626 to 1642, 
 V. Histoet of Dulwich College from 1642 to 1669, 
 VI. Histoet of Dulwich College feom 1669 to 1686, 
 VII. Histoet of Dulwich College from 1686 to 1712, 
 VIIL Histoet of Dulwich College from 1712 to 1728, 
 IX. Histoet of Dulwich College feom 1728 to 1746, 
 X. Histoet of Dulwich College feom 1746 to 1775, 
 XL Histoet of Dulwich College feom 1775 to 1805, 
 XII. Histoet of Dulwich College from 1805 to 1820, 
 XIIL HisTORT op Dulwich College feom 1820 to 1843, 
 XrV. Histoet of Dulwich College from 1843 to 1852, 
 XV. Histoet of Dulwich College from 1852 to 1857, 
 XVL The Social Aspect of Dulwich College, 
 XVII. LocaijITibs, ...... 
 
 XVIIL The Pictures and Pictueb Galleries, 
 XIX. Dulwich College after 1857, . 
 
 1 
 30 
 63 
 
 96 
 121 
 159 
 182 
 221 
 249 
 278 
 302 
 318 
 350 
 391 
 403 
 427 
 449 
 470 
 493 
 
ILLUSTRATIONS IN YOLUME L 
 
 1. DuLwicH College about 1700-1750, 
 
 2. DuL-wicH College from the Garden, looking North, 1700-1750, 
 
 3. Military Map op Environs op Dulwich, 1800, 
 
 4. View on Dulwich Common, 1784, . 
 
 5. Part op Dulwich College, about 1790, 
 
 6. Dulwich College, 1820, 
 
 7. Dulwich College, 1832-1860, 
 
 8. Hall Place, 1870, . 
 
 9. Gbeonticomium at Amsterdam, 
 
 10. Dulwich College Quadrangle, 1797, 
 
 11. Map op Dulwich, from Roqub, 1741, 
 
 to face Title Page 
 to face page 115 
 316 
 319 
 338 
 350 
 359 
 451 
 461 
 467 
 533 
 
HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. 
 
 CHAPTER I. 
 
 EARLY HISTORY OP DULWICH. 
 
 DuLWiCH means the Village in the Valley; the word being probably 
 derived from the Anglo-Saxon Dsel, Friesian Del, a cleft or valley ; and 
 Wic, a village. 
 
 Dulwich is not mentioned in Domesday Book ; but by a charter in 
 A.D. 967 King Eadgar grants Dilwihs to one of his Thanes (Kemble's Codex 
 Diplomaticus, torn. iii. p. 17). The name, however, has gone through 
 many changes in the course of time, as the following list will show : — 
 
 1127 Dilewyse & Dilewich. 
 1276 Dylawys. 
 1323 Dilewysshe. 
 1329 Dylewyssche. 
 1333 Dyluyshe. 
 1340 Est Dilewissh. 
 1354 Suthdilewysshe. 
 1363 Dilwysche. 
 „ Dilwissche. 
 
 1369 Dylwyche. 
 
 1370 Dilewisshe. 
 1393 Dulwyche. 
 
 1400 Dylwisshe. 
 
 1401 Delewiche. 
 1405 Dilwysshe. 
 1408 Delewisshe. 
 
 „ Delewysshe. 
 1427 Delewyche. 
 1431 Dyllewyche. 
 1435 Dilwyssh. 
 
 „ Dilwyche. 
 
 „ Dilwych. 
 1440 Dillwysshe. 
 1447 Dilwish. 
 
 1453 Dyllewych. 
 
 1454 Dylwysshe. 
 „ Dilwich. 
 
 „ Dilwiche. 
 
 „ Dulwyche (see 1393). 
 1493 Dylwiche. 
 
 „ Dylwyche. 
 1530 Diilwich. 
 1542 Dulwiche. 
 1563 Dowlytche. 
 1578 DyUewiche. 
 1600 Dulwiche. 
 
 And thereafter generally Dulwich and Dulwiche. 
 
 The next notice of this " Village in the Valley " after 967 is a grant of the 
 manor of Dilewich, in the parish of CamberweU, by Henry I. in 1127 to the 
 Priory of Bermondsey ; and as it remained an appanage of, and intimately 
 connected with Bermondsey until the Eeformation, it seems fit to give here 
 some particulars of that ancient foundation. 
 
 Bermondsey, which comprised not only the parish now so called, but 
 also the adjoining district of Rotherhithe, derived its name from the fact 
 
 VOL. I. A 
 
2 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 that it was a marshy tract of land, or possibly an island, and was owned by 
 a Saxon chief named Beormund. During the life of Edward the Confessor 
 it was owned by Earl Harold, afterwards the last Saxon king. In 1066, 
 when the Saxons were vanquished, the Conqueror took possession of the 
 manor of Bermondsey, and upon his death it descended to his son and 
 successor, William 11. or Rufus. 
 
 In Domesday Book, compiled in 1083, Bermondsey is described as 
 possessing a new and beautiful church {Ihi nova et pulchra ecclesia). 
 This church had been then recently built by one Aylwin Child, a citizen of 
 London, who, probably with the assistance of William the Conqueror, and 
 certainly with the co-operation of William Eufus, founded the Priory of 
 Bermondsey, to be occupied and served by monks of the Cluniac order. 
 
 This " Order of Cluni," the first and principal branch of the 
 Benedictines, was originally instituted by Bernon, Abbot of Gigni in 
 Burgundy, in order to reform some things which seemed too remiss in St. 
 Benedict's rule, but was increased and perfected by Odo, Abbot of Cluni, 
 about A.D. 912. The monks lived under the rule of St. Benedict, and 
 wore a black habit ; but as they observed a different discipline, were called 
 by the distinctive name of "Cluniac." 
 
 These monks were first brought into England by William, Earl of 
 Warren, son-in-law to King WilHam the Conqueror, who built their first 
 house at Lewes in Sussex about A.D. 1077. All their monasteries in 
 Ensjland were governed by foreigners, had more French than Eno-lish 
 monks in them, and were not only subject to the foreign houses of Cluni, 
 La Charite sur Loire, and St. Martin des Champs at Paris, but could be 
 visited by them only. Their priors were not elected by the respective 
 convents, but named by the above-mentioned foreign houses. They could 
 not receive the profession of their novices in England, nor could so much 
 as any of their differences be determined there ; but they were obliged, in 
 almost all cases, to go to their superiors beyond sea. (See Tanner, Notitia 
 Monastica, p. xiv., ed°- 1744.) 
 
 The foundation of the Priory of Bermondsey appears to have been com- 
 pleted in the year 1089, when Petrseus, Eicardus, Osbertus, and Umbaldus, 
 monks "de Caritate," or of the monastery of La Charitd on the Loire, 
 came to Bermondsey, Petrseus being the first Prior. (Dugdale, Monasticon 
 Anglicanum, vol. v. p. 96.) 
 
 Besides the benefactions of Aylwin Child, the monks received grants of 
 manors, lands, and spiritualities from many persons ; and, in 1094, William 
 Eufus granted them a charter confirming them in all their possessions, 
 and bestowing on them the manor of Bermondsey and the church of 
 St. Saviours. 
 
 In the year 1117 the records state that the "Cross or Rood" of St. 
 
III7-I373-] BERMONDSEY PRIORY. 3 
 
 Saviours was found near tlie Thames {Crux sancti Salvatoris inventa est 
 prope Thamisiam). This cross was considered of peculiar sanctity, and 
 pilgrimages were made to it for several centuries afterwards. In the 
 ancient diary of a citizen who lived in the reigns of Henry VII. and Henry 
 VIH., preserved among the Cottonian MSB. (Vesp. A., zxv. fol. 41 b.), 
 the following notice of its being taken down in 1538 occurs : — 
 
 " M'' Gressam, Mayor. On Saynt Mathies day thapostuU, the xxiiij* 
 " day of February, Sonday, did the bisshop of Eochester preche at Poll's 
 " Cros, and had standing afore hyra all his sermon tyme the pictur of the 
 " Roode of grace in Kent that had byn many yeres in the Abbey of Bexley 
 " in Kent, and was gretely sought with pilgryms, and when he had made 
 " an ende of his sermon the pictor was torn all to peces : then was the 
 " pictor of Saynte Saviour that had stand in Barmsey Abbey many yeres in 
 " Southwarke takyn down." 
 
 The Priors of Bermondsey continued to receive gifts both of tempor- 
 alities and spiritualitiesi during the reigns of William the Second and of 
 Henry the First; and in 1127 the latter king granted them a charter, 
 confirming them afresh in all their possessions, and giving them, amongst 
 other lands, the manor of Dulwich. The words of the charter are : " Nunc 
 vero ego ipse do eis de meo dominio Eodereyum et Dilewich et Hidam de 
 South wark et Wadonam." 
 
 In 1154, the advowson of Camberwell was given them by William, Earl 
 of Gloucester, son of Eobert, Earl of Gloucester, a natural son of King 
 Henry I., and this grant was confirmed by King Henry 11. in 1159 ; but 
 their title was for some time disputed by his descendants, until the year 
 1247, when Eichard de Clare, Earl of Gloucester, great-grandson of the 
 William aforesaid, passed a fine, whereby he released his claim to the Priory 
 and convent for ever. 
 
 The Priory continued to flourish, increasing in power and wealth 
 during the next two centuries ; but in the year 1331 complaints were made 
 by the English monks of its government, both spiritual and temporal, and 
 a petition was presented to the Parliament then sitting at Winchester, that 
 the proper number of monks was not kept up, and that the funds which 
 should have supported the absent monks were misapplied and largely sent 
 out of the kingdom ; that the monastery was not visited by any English 
 archbishop or bishop ; that the priors were appointed from abroad and not 
 elected; and that the English monks were oppressed by the foreigners. 
 An order was thereupon made for the amendment of the matters complained 
 of; and subsequently, in 1371, the Priory was sequestered as an Alien 
 Priory by King Edward III. ; and on the 18th January 1372/3, on the death 
 of Peter de Tenolio, the then Prior, the king himself constituted Eichard 
 Denton or Dunton, an Englishman, Prior. He was the first Englishman 
 
4 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 who had filled the office, and in the year 1381 he obtained a charter frora 
 King Eichard the Second, by which the Priory was " denizened," and made 
 independent of the foreign chiefs of the order. 
 
 In 1399, John Attilburgh, the successor of Denton, procured his Priory 
 to be erected into an Abbey, and was created abbot by Pope Boniface the 
 Ninth at the request of King Richard the Second. 
 
 In 1458, an abortive attempt was made by the foreign monks to recover 
 the English houses of their order, by sending a deputation of three monks 
 to put their grievances before King Henry the Sixth. They obtained, 
 however, nothing, and Bermondsey Abbey remained English to the last. 
 
 In 1520, Robert Wharton or Parfew, Bachelor of Divinity of Cambridge, 
 was Abbot. He was consecrated Bishop of St. Asaph. on the 2nd July 1536, 
 having on the 30th of the preceding month obtained a dispensation to hold 
 the Abbey " in commendam." 
 
 This prelate made a voluntary surrender of the Abbey to King Henry 
 VIII. on the 1st January 1587/8, and obtained a, pension of 500 marks, 
 or £333. 6s. 8d., a year. In April 1554 he was translated to Hereford 
 by Queen Mary, remaining bishop of that see tiU he died on the 22nd 
 September 1557. 
 
 The clear yearly revenues of the Abbey amounted at the date of the 
 surrender to £474. 14s. 4fd., and the gross income to £548. 2s. 5Jd., of 
 which the manor of Dulwich is set down as producing £13. 6s. 8d., and the 
 rectory and tithes of Camberwell £10. 
 
 The income of £13. 6s. 8d. was probably far from the full value of 
 the manor, but was all it produced to the Abbey, it having been leased 
 for fifty years, by the abbot and convent on the 6th May 1530, to John 
 Scott, one of the Barons of the Exchequer, " for the true and faithfuU service 
 and counseill and other consideracons by the said John Scott to them 
 doon" (Mun. 315). 
 
 This lease was still current when, on the 11th October 1544, Henry VIII., 
 in consideration of a sum of £609. 18s. 2d., granted with some other lands 
 the manor of Dulwich to Thomas Calton, citizen and goldsmith of London, 
 and Margaret his wife, at a yearly rent of £1. 13s. 9d. (Mun. 371). Besides 
 this, Thomas Calton had already acquired from Sir Thomas Pope, on the 
 18th September 1544 (Mun. 330), some land called Rigate's Green, in 
 Dulwich "Wood, which had been the property of Bermondsey Abbey, but 
 granted by the king to Sir Humphrey Browne in 1542 (Mun. 324),' and 
 sold by him to Pope the following day. From Thomas Calton the whole 
 estate descended to his son Nicholas Calton, at whose death in 1575 it 
 became the property of Francis Calton his son, then ten years of ao-e, who 
 received livery of his inheritance in 1587 (Mun. 383), and was probably 
 then knighted. / r .; 
 
IS7S-] THE MANOR OF DULWICH. S 
 
 The following document (MSS. iv. 9), whicli is indorsed, " Inquisicio 
 indentata capta 20 Maiianno xvii". Reginse Eliz. (1575)," gives the descent 
 and title of Dulwich Manor since 1540 : — 
 
 A Breife note of S'' Frauncis Calton's office founde after the death of M' Nicholas 
 Calton his father, 
 
 ffirst that the Abhott of Barmondsey in the right of the monastery was seized of 
 the mannor of Dulwich w*'^ thappurtennces in the pish of Cam' well in Surrey & of and 
 in a messuage or Tente called Knowlis w*** th'appurtennces in Dulwich aforesaide & 
 so beinge seized the abbott & convent by their wrytiage indented dat vj*'' Maij A°. E. 
 H. viij* xxxij^° did demise the same pmisses to John Scott for 50 yeres from Michael- 
 mas 1571 except the woods And then the Abbott and convent by wrytinge under 
 their comon scale soulde the same revercon to the Kinge ; and the Kinge to Thomas 
 Calton & Margarett and the heires of their bodies begotten. And for defaulte to the 
 right heires of the saide Thomas Calton. And that John Pope was seized of a pcell 
 of land & wood called the Westwood w**" thappurtennces in Lewsham in Kent cont. 
 28 acres and by his wrytinge dat xiii* ffeb. A° E. H. viij xxxvj*° sould the same unto 
 Thomas Calton and Margarett & the heires of their bodyes &c. And for defaulte as 
 aforesaide. And Tho: Calton & Mar: so being seized Thomas Dyed and Margarett 
 survived and was seized of the revercon of the saide mannor & pmisses in her 
 demeasne as of ffeetayle the remainder to William Calton sonne & heire of the saide 
 Thomas deceased. And the saide Mar: so beinge seized the remainder to William as 
 aforesaid obtayned licence of Queene Elizabeth to give & graunte the same mannor 
 & pmisses in forme hereunder mencioned and then by their wrytinge made betweene 
 the said Mar: & William on th'one pty and Gyles Pawlett als Lord Gyles Pawlett & 
 "William Chibball Drap on thothr pty Dat 24'° Januarij A""" xij" E. Eliz: did 
 covennte & graimte w* them before our lady Day then next foUowinge to levie a fyne 
 of the pmisses sur recognizaunce de droit ut ilia &c. to the use foUowinge viz*. To the 
 use of Mar. for terme of her life w*out ympeachment of any manner of waste and 
 after her decease to the use of Nicolas Calton in the same writt named and the heires 
 of his body and for such defaulte then to divers other uses in the same Indenture 
 conteyned. W* ffyne was executed Octob. HiUarii A° xij° Eliz. E. by reason of w* 
 & of the statute of uses A° 27 henrici octavi, the said Mar: was seized as of freehold 
 the remainder to Nicholas Calton and the heires of his body begotten. And Mar: so 
 beinge seized &c. dyed and Nicholas Calton by reason of her death was seized of the 
 pmisses as of ifeetayle and so beinge seized demised the same by Indenture dated 
 ultimo decembr A° E. E""" Eliz. to Henry Calton & William Bedell and sold them all 
 the woods for 21 yeres from the day of the date of the same Ind'. rent xxx' p ann 
 By force of w""" lease they euttred & thereof were possessed the remainder to the saide 
 Nicholas Calton & the heires of his body lawfully begotten. W^** Nicholas obtayned 
 licence primo Januarij A° xvij E. Eliz: to give and graunte the pmisses in forme 
 foUowinge and thereupon by Indenture dated xij° Januarij aforesaid covennteth w"* 
 William ffaren & John Bedell before our Lady Day foUowinge to levie a fyne sur 
 recognizaunce de droit ut Ula &c. after w"' fyne so to be levied of the pmisses they 
 the saide WilUam ffarren & John BedeU & their heires & the heires of the longer liver 
 of them would be & stand seized of the pmisses to the uses in the same Indenture 
 specified and to none other use &c. viz. A pasture called the lull beyond the mannor 
 howse in the tenures of John Knowlis 13 acres, Dickardens close cont. 4 acres A 
 
6 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a. d. 
 
 feild called hawthorne feilde cont 26 acres a pasture called Annefield cont 12 acres 
 and of Divers other pcella of land &c. amountinge to a full third pte of the saide 
 manner & pmisses to the use of the saide Nicholas and the heires of his body. And 
 for defaulte to the use of the right heires of the saide Nicholas for ev'. And of other 
 pticular land purchased of J°° Dove & of certen land purchased of Webster & of 
 either of them to the use of Nicho: Calton duriiige his life & after his decease to the 
 use of Thomas Calton his second sonne and the heires of his body lawfully &c. And 
 of the residue of the said mannor & pmisses to the use of the said Nicholas for fme of 
 his life and after his decease to the use of the executors of the said Nichol: for 
 12 yeres to pforme his will and after th'end of 12 yeres to the use of the heires of the 
 body of the said Nich: lawfully begotten or to be begotten. And for defaulte &c to 
 the use of the right heires of the said Nich: for eu"". "W"'' fyne was accordingly levyed 
 to the saide W™ ffarren & Jn° Bedell to the uses mencioned in the said Indenture 
 before recited by reason whereof & of the statut of uses aforesaid the said Nich: 
 Calton was seized of the revercon of the sewall pmisses before recited beinge the 3 pte 
 of the mannor and pmisses in ffee tayle viz to him & to the heires of his body law- 
 fully begotten & for default &c the remainder to the right heires of the said N. for eu'. 
 And of the revercon of the pmisses mencioned in the said Indent, bought of J°° Dove 
 & "Webster as of freehold viz for terme of his life the remainder to Tho: Calton his 
 second sonne and the heires of his body lawfully begotten. And for default &c to the 
 right heires of the said N. for eu"". And of the reu'con of the residue of the said 
 mannor and premisses as of freehold viz for terme of his life the remainder thereof to 
 the use of the executors of the said N: for 12 yeres and from th'end of the 12 yeres ut 
 supra. 
 
 in Capite p x^ p*" of a Knightes fee 33= 9* 
 
 & Westwood in Soceage by fealty only 
 
 And the landes in the Indent amountinge to a 3 pte val x" p ann. 
 
 The residue xx' 
 
 And that he had no other landes. And that ifrancis is his sonne and next heire and 
 of the age of 10 years 3 mouths and 9 dayes at the tyme of the office fyndinge. 
 
 Endorsements. 
 
 rotul 18 Eliz. 102 rotul. 
 
 Inquis indentat: capt 20 Maij A"" xxij° E"^ Eliz. 
 
 Inquisitio capt 20 Maij Anno 18 Eliz. Eeg-". 
 Eot. 18 EUz^ 102 Eot.* 
 
 The grant to Thomas Calton included the advowson of the vicarage of 
 Camberwell, but the rectory and great tithes of that parish, which" had 
 belonged to Bermondsey Al^bey, did not pass to him, but remained the 
 property of the Crown until 1591, when they were granted by Queen 
 
 * It was originally intended to insert tere some portions of tlie Court Rolls, but as thev extend 
 over a long series of years beginning in 1334, it has been tbought belter to nive extracts from tliem 
 m a separate chapter. " 
 
i6os.] SALE OF THE MANOR TO EDWARD ALLEYN. 7 
 
 Elizabeth to Sir Edmund Bowyer, Knight, v/ho was a resident in the 
 parish, sheriff of Surrey and Sussex in 1600, knighted on the 11th May 
 1603, Member of Parliament for the county of Surrey in 1603, and 
 for the borough of Gatton in 1613. He was also, as will be seen 
 hereafter, possessed of considerable property, freehold and copyhold, in 
 Dulwich. His descendant is now the lord of the manor of Clapham, a 
 property, however, acquired subsequently by marriage with an heiress 
 of the Atkins family. 
 
 So far as Dulwich is concerned, Edward Allejm's name first appears on 
 the 1st October 1605, in a deed of bargain and sale by Sir Francis Calton, 
 Knt., Sir Robert Lee, Knt., and Gyles Simpson, goldsmith, to Edward 
 Alleyn of S* Saviours, Southwark, Esq', of messuages called Dulwich Courte 
 and Hall Place and three other messuages with lands, &c., in Dulwich, for 
 £130 paid to Sir Fran. Calton, and £660 to Sir Eob. Lee, the premises 
 being mortgaged to the latter for so much by deed dated l7th Dec. 1602 
 (Mun. 456). 
 
 This purchase, however, seems to have been merely a preliminary, in 
 order to clear off Sir Eobert Lee's mortgage. It was followed on the 
 3rd October by articles of agreement on the part of Sir F. Calton for the 
 sale of the manor itself and the whole of his estate in Dulwich, excepting 
 the CamberweU advowson. The original of this document has been lost, 
 but it is printed by Mr. Collier in the Memoirs of Edward Alleyn, p. 191, 
 and runs thus : — 
 
 Md it is agreed betweerie S' Francis Calton, knight, and Edward AUejoi, gent, 
 this third daie of October 1605, That the said S' Frauncis Calton shall bargaine, sell, 
 and assure to the said Edward Alleyn and his heires the Mannor of Dulwich in the 
 Countie of Surrey, with all the Eoialties and appurtenances thereof, aU his landes in 
 the parishe of CamberweU, except onelie the Advowson of the vicaridge of CamberweU, 
 and shall passe the same as the learned Councell of the said Edward Alleyn shall 
 reasonablie devise, with warrantie against the said S' Frauncis and his heirs, and all 
 that shall clayme by, frome, or under his father or his grandfather, and with warrantie 
 that the said Mannor with the appurtenances is worth as it is nowe letten, the cleare 
 yearhe value of Cv" at the leist, besides all chardges and reprises, and besides the 
 wooddes and woodlandes, which are noe parcell of the demeanes. And that the said 
 S' Frauncis shall procure the Ladie Dorothie, his wife, to joyne with him in a fine for 
 tlie better conveyance of the said estate. All which assurances are to be doen and 
 perfected before thend of the next tearme, with a statute of viij M" from S' Frauncis 
 for performance of the bargaine. In consideration of wbich bargaine and conveyance 
 the said Edward AUeyn ys to paie to the said S"" Frauncis Calton the some of fower 
 thousand and nyne hundred poundes in this manner : viz, uppon thensealinge of the 
 Indenture of bargaine and sale, one thousand and eight hundred poundes, and iippon 
 the acknowledginge of the fine one hundred poundes, and uppon thensealinge of the 
 said Indenture of bargaine and sale the said Edward Alleyn shall enter into statute to 
 the said S' Frauncis in the sum of v. M", that either he shall paie to S' Fi-auncis twoa 
 
8 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 thousand poimdes att thend of vj monethes next after the date of the said Indenture, 
 or ells paie the said S'' Frauncis vij C" att thend of the same sixe monethes, and Cxx" 
 by yeare for forbearance of the xiij C" for iij yeares then following : and then att thend 
 of the same three yeares to paie the said S' Frauncis the said xiij C" in money, or ells 
 in satisfaction thereof to assure to S' Frauncis Calton the lease of the parsonadge of 
 Firles in the Countie of Sussex, with such landes theare which the said Edward Allen 
 latelie purchased, att the choice and election of the said S' Frauncis. Soe as six 
 monethes before thend of the said three yeares the said Sir Frauncis Calton geve to 
 the said Edward AUeyn direct notice which he will accept. And alsoe the said Edward 
 Alleyn by the said statute shall stande bound for paiement of the other thowsand 
 poundes residue of the purchase, att thend of one yeare and a half next after the date 
 of the said Indenture. Of which some of iiij M ix C" the said Edward Allen hath 
 paid to the said S' Frauncis in earnest of the bargaine the some of v" which is to be 
 accepted as in parte of the first payment. In witnes whereof the said parties have 
 hereunto sett their handes. Fean: Calton. 
 
 Ed. Alleyn. 
 
 As the price stipulated above was £4900, the following undated letter, 
 in which. Calton peremptorily refuses £4500, and demands sixteen years' 
 purchase at £320 a year, must belong to a stUI earlier stage in the pro- 
 ceedings (MSS. iii. 15). 
 
 M' Harres * for an answere to yo' letters upon the contents whereof you will me 
 to advise ; w'*" is not councell amisse, for yf I shoulde proceed to conclusion accordinge 
 to the offers herein, I might be esteemed a man neither of advice nor understandinge. 
 I knowe not almoste any lande in England but is worth xv yeares purchase and yet I 
 am offered but xii yeares purchase for myne. It shoulde seeme the partie knowethe 
 not how to valew and proportion thinges, or els he is obstinatelye resolved, thoughe it 
 weare worth 500" the yeare, to gyve but 4500" for it, as not meaninge, whatsoever the 
 purchace be, to exceed that some. I have not rated or sette downe any thing vnto him 
 that shall not be made good : then I doe wonder how he can offer 4500" for 330 and 
 odd poundes, which yf he caste but at xv yeares purchase comethe very neare to 5000", 
 besydes the woodes vpon the waste, which he shall either take or leave at 300". To 
 be shorte, yf he like the thinge, so as he will gyve xvi yeares purchase for it at 320" by 
 the yeare, I will once againe have conference with him, otherwise, I pray you send me 
 the perticuler againe without more doinges. And so in haste I bid yo" farewell. Yo'' 
 loving frend. pfkan: Calton. 
 
 Alleyn himself, in his memorandum book (MSS. viii.) records the pur- 
 chase in the following terms : — 
 
 D 
 
 In no: do: Amen: 1605 
 Bought the Lordshipp of duUwich of S'^ Francis Calton Knight this 20"" of October 
 
 for 5000" 
 
 Whereof 2000" is payd in hand y« other 3000" att y« end of 6 years w* con- 
 sidratio yearly for forberaunc of the 3000" y« some of 213' 6* 8^ per ann. 
 
 * William Harris, a scrivener. 
 
i6os.] SALE OF THE MANOR TO EDWARD ALLEYN. 9 
 
 The formal deed, of sale for the same sum is, however, dated 8th May 
 1606, being a bargain and sale by Sir FraDcis Calton of London, Knt., 
 and Dorathee, his wife, to Edward Alleyn of St. Saviours, Southwark, Esq., 
 for £5000, of the manor of Dulwich, with the advowson of the vicarage of 
 Camerwell ; messuages called HaU Place and Dulwich Court ; woods called 
 Dulwich Common, "Woodsyer, Blanchdowne and Hall Place groves ; lands 
 called Napps, Stony Napps, Little Bornes, and in Newlands ; with all other 
 their lands, tenements, rents, &c., in Dulwich and in the parish of Camer- 
 well, Cos. Surrey and Kent (Mun. 471).* 
 
 Alleyn does not seem to have waited the formal deed to commence 
 his payments to Sir Francis Calton, for it will be seen by the following 
 that he paid him £115 between the 12th and 28th November 1605 
 (MSS. iv. 48). 
 
 Duodecimo die Kovembris 1605 A'que Ei Eegis Jacobi Anglise &c Tertio et 
 Scotiie Tricesimo nono 
 
 E*^. by me S'. ffrauncis Calton ICnyght of Edward Allen Esquier the day and \ 
 ^ yere above written the some of Thirty and ffive pownds of lawfull mony 1 
 of England in pte of payments of the some of ffive Thowsande pownds I 
 of like mony for the absolute purchase of the mannor of Dulwich in the xxxv" 
 pishe of Cam^'well in the County of Surrey & all other the lands of me 
 the saide S' ffrauneis in Dulwich aforesaide & of other lands whereof the 
 said Edward hath a pticular I say receaved j 
 
 p me FFHAN: Calton 
 
 test, me Thos Bolton. 
 
 more att his first reseat of y' bargaine v" 
 
 IsTovember xxviij 1605 
 Eeceaved more the day above wrytten uppon the sayd bargaine the som of ) „ 
 
 fyve & twentye povmds J " 
 
 witness my mother her X mark p me ffran: Calton. 
 
 More att greenwich in his owne house att my Ladye Chirching 
 
 To. Towne being wittnes 50" 
 
 The following document (MSS. iv. 49) shows that there was some 
 difficulty in obtaining a release from Sir Robert Lee of the mortgage he 
 had held, in respect of which he had received £660 on the 1st October ; 
 the endorsements on it show several further payments by Alleyn to Sir 
 Francis Calton, 
 
 * The following sarcastic passage on rich actors in the Return from Parnassus, published in 1606, 
 has been supposed to refer to this purchase : — 
 
 " With mouthing words that better wits have framed 
 They purchase lands, and now esquires are made." 
 
 (See Alleyn Papeis, p. viii.) 
 VOL. 1. B 
 
lo HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 Bee y* knowen unto all men by theis psentes that I S' Trauncis Calton of London 
 Knight doe owe unto Edward AUeyne of the pishe of S* Saviors in Southwark in the 
 county of Surrey Esquier the some o'f One hundreth and ffyfteene pounds of lawful! 
 mony of England : To be paide to the saide Edward Alleyne his executors or assignes 
 on the ffower and twentith day of this instant moneth of December (if before the 
 saide ffower and twentith day of December the saide Edward AUeyne his heires or 
 assignes sbaU not have had receaved from me the saide S"" firauncis Calton Knight 
 my heires or assignes and from S"" Eoberte Lee Knight his heires or assignes sufficient 
 assurance of & for the manner of Dulwich in the pishe of Cam''well in the county ot 
 Surrey w*"" th'appurtennces & other lands and tenements in the saide pishe or of so 
 much of the saide manner as was heretofore mortgaged by me the saide S' ffi-auncis 
 unto the said S' Robert Lee, to him the saide Edward Alleyne his heires and assigns 
 for ever accordinge to agreemente heretofore concluded on betweene me the saide 
 S' ffrauncis & the saide Edward Alleyne). Unto the w'** paymente well and truly 
 to be made I bynd me my heires executors and administrators by theis psentes In 
 witness whereof I have hereunto sett my scale Dated the ffivith day of December 
 1605. Annoque E. Eegis Jacobi Angliae &c Tertio et Scotias Tricesimo nono. 
 
 p me FFEAN: Calton. 
 
 Endorsements on the Back of MSS. iv. 49. 
 
 Centrefold. S' ffrauncis Calton's bill for 115" 
 
 pd y. loth of December 1605 to S' Eo': Lee att y" insealing 
 to S' Fran y* same daye more .... 
 
 the the {sic) ll"- of december 1605 att M' Hickes to S' Hu 
 
 Browne payd for S"' Francis .... 
 more to Harris for him ..... 
 
 more by Lett to M' Wilson's man .... 
 more to hymself ddi by my wyfe 40^ w"*" is in bill w"* y" 
 
 10' M'' Wilson's man had .... 
 
 P^ the 7*" of March 1605 the tenth dew to y' King to M' 
 
 Floyd ....... 
 
 more by bond payable last of march 
 
 more by noate dd by my wyfe to his mann wilto wittness 
 
 boulton . . . . . . . 86' 13' 4"* 
 
 more to my Ladye for her goodwill in y° dischardg 
 
 Left hand fold. To Justic Daniell 2' ,^, 
 
 his clarck 5» ^^^^^^ ^^^ ^^^^ed) 
 
 660' 
 15' 
 
 736' 5' 
 20" 
 10' 
 
 40 
 
 2' 8' 
 30' 
 
 86' 13 
 20' 
 
 Md. y' I have payd to M"" T. Calton w* Hethersall's lease 
 more this 28 of Maye 1606 .... 
 more this 16 of June H 1606 
 more y° last of June ..... 
 more y' 3 of July ..... 
 
 123' 03' 6* 
 26' 16» 6* 
 60' 
 
 iij' x» 
 
29' 
 
 
 
 66' 
 
 13' 
 
 4d 
 
 isr 
 
 6' 
 
 8* 
 
 50' 
 
 
 
 131. 
 
 06. 
 
 08. 
 
 i6o6.] FURTHER PURCHASES OF LAND AT DULWICH. ir 
 
 more y" 7 of July ...... 1' 
 
 more y® 9 of July ...... xx' 
 
 Soma tota ...... 185" 10s 
 
 p* W T. Calton y" 28 of Maye for y' od ground . . x' 
 
 Right hand fold. 
 
 M^ y' this 25"' of May 1606 I owe S' Frauncis for his first payment in all 297'. 
 dd. to M"^ Stapley this 26 of Maye . . . .20' 
 
 more to Harris .... 
 
 more to Boulton .... 
 Eemaynes this 2 of June 1606 to S' frauncis 
 
 more to Harris this 3 of June 
 So remayning 3 Junij 1606 . 
 
 Ef more this 7 of June ..... 100" 
 
 From this time until the final settlement between them, Sir Francis 
 Calton continually applied to Alleyn for advances on various pretexts 
 (see MSS. iii. 16, 18-31, 38-41, 43-47, 51-55, 58-60, 111). On the 6th 
 December 1611 he acknowledges that the sum then due was £370 (MSS. 
 iv. 77). 
 
 Memorandn. that all reckonings made euen to this present daye the sixte of 
 decemher 1611 betweene M' Allen and me he remayneth indebted to me the iuste 
 som of three hundred and three score & ten pounds. In witness whereof I have 
 subscribed my name p ffran: Calton. 
 
 Alleyn's memorandum book states simply — 
 
 " p* s' fr. y° sd some of 3000 att severaU payments and y' last on y" 25 of October 
 " 1613." 
 
 Other smaller portions of land in Dulwich were also acquired by 
 Edward Alleyn as occasion offered. These were according to the memo- 
 randum book, 
 
 " 1 of June In Trinitie Term 1606 
 " Bought of M"" Thos Emerson a Howse and 5 acers of lande in duUwich price 
 « 230" 
 
 "of free Hould sockage tenure." (This was the house called the "Kennals") 
 (Mun. 476, 486). 
 
 " In Trinitie Term 1606, y« 3"^ of July 
 "In DuUwich Bought of M'' Tho: Calton HethersaU's house & land viz 16 
 " Acers calde North Croftes 12 acres calde great Bornes 4 acers about y* House in aU 
 " 32 acres Price 300'. Tenure in Capitie (Mun. 483) 
 
 "The 16 of October 1606 
 ''InDullwich bought of John Berrey His howse and land conteyning 13 acres 
 " Being coppiehowld of the same mannore, price 231" (Mun. 491) 
 
12 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 " Candellnias Tearm 1606. 
 
 " Bouglit of John Ewine (Bodgers Howse and land w"'' he howldeth by lease) vid*. 
 " j tenement and 9 acers of land for y° some of 80". 
 
 " Bought in y° lease w'^'> Ewin had in revertion of y" same howse & land from me 
 " for 21 years & for y" same leas pay** y* same John Ewin y' 25 of Aprill 1608 the 
 " some of 12"." * 
 
 " Candlemass Terme 1606. 
 
 " Bought of Thomas Turner his howse and land in duUwich calde Perrie Feeld con- 
 " tayning 13 Acers for the some of 226" 13» 4* 
 
 " gwin Ewin for pcuration & making y° Bargayne 5" " (Mun. 500). 
 
 " The 1 of June 1607 
 "bought of Tho: Caltou & his wyfe, Henrie Farr and his wyfe the corner howse 
 " in dullwich & IG acres of land." The price paid was £152 to Thomas Caltou and 
 his wife, and £123. 6s. 8d. to Henry Farr and his wife (Mun. 510, 515). 
 
 " The 22'" of October 1607 
 
 " Bought of Elice parrei All his lands in dullwich as well free as coppie Howld 
 " vid' Ambls (Ambler's) howse & laud Anthonie Eichine House & land & Jo 
 " Lewes House & gi-ownd for 400"" (MSS. iv. 64. Mun. 414, 516, 517). 
 
 "The 29'" October 1608 bought of Tho: Calton 2 pcells off land in y' occupation 
 " of Jo. Fering caled Little Brownings & Carter's garden beeing 5 abers more or less 
 " w"" lands wear past in the conveighanc of y° lands I bought of Jo Ewins in HUarie 
 " terme 1606 & nowe pd to y° same Tho Calton for y^ sayd lauds ye sume off 50"" 
 (Mun. 522). 
 
 " The IS'" off december 1608 
 
 " Bought of S"' Ed. Bowyar & M' Jo Bowyar all tlier land in Dullwich & tene- 
 " ments both free & coppie Howld being about 70 akers & 8 or 9 bowses for y* sume 
 " off 650" & at this 13 of decemb. I kept court att dullwich & they surendered ther 
 " coppie hold " 
 
 (Mun 525, 531). 
 
 Besides the above transactions mentioned in liis memorandum book, the 
 muniments show that AUeyn purchased on the 13th May 1606, for £65, 
 from George Hethersall the lease for 20 years from 10th August 1599, of 
 the house of which he bought the freehold from Thomas Calton on the 
 3rd July 1606 (Mun. 473). Also that in Trinity term 1606, he acquired 
 from Thomas Calton, for £41, a messuage, cottage and land in " Dulwiche 
 and Camerwell" (Mun. 481). Further, on the 18th October 1611, he 
 obtained a lease from Thomas Calton of a field in Dulwich called 
 Carter's Hall, for 500 years at a peppercorn rent (Mun. 543), the price 
 paid being £510, which, however, seems to have included a house and 
 three acres of land and also Addington's meadows and Great Brownino-es 
 
 * These lands are described in the deed of bargain and sale as Naspe, Pynnere meade Little 
 Browninges, and Carter's garden (Mim. 490, 496), the latter deed being signed with the mark of 
 Johan AUeyn, wife of Edw. Alleyn as a witness. 
 
i6ii.] 
 
 EDWARD ALLEYN'S TERRIER. 
 
 13 
 
 (Mun. 548), and on the 2d Nov. 1613 he paid to Sir Edward Duke £160 
 for 18 acres of land in Lambeth and Camberwell. 
 
 The lands are described by AUeyn himself (MSS. v. 2) in a paper 
 entitled " A particuler of the groundes within the mannor of Dulwich," as 
 follows : — 
 
 A. Imprimis Hunger Hill conteyning 
 Item one close called the 
 Horse croft 
 Hathorne feild 
 the two hills 
 great woodsier 
 
 B. litle woodsier with a close adioyning to y' 
 Addingtons meadowes 
 one close called the three acres 
 the litle Lordshipp 
 Blanchdowne 
 
 the hill in thoccupacion of Eohert Turner 
 the hill" in thoccupacion of Symmes 
 the ground in thoccupacion of Best 
 the fursiefeild that Bissington holdeth 
 the hill in thoccupacion of Traughton 
 the Butchers feild 
 
 Peryfield in thoccupacion of Hamond 
 Ambrose Sheppard to his house . 
 Thomas Calton about his house 
 M' Parry his litle Browninges 
 
 C. M' Parry adioyning to his house . 
 great browninges . 
 the litle browninges 
 Henr. Hunters browninges and ground adioyning 
 
 to his house 
 Cokmans .... 
 Eichard Pare 
 Jn°. Cassinghurst . 
 Jn°. Goodenough . 
 Annes f eUd 
 
 Eigaites .... 
 Savage adioyning to his house 
 Dickairdinges 
 
 Eobert Bodgerson thelder to his house 
 Tho. Abeck 
 
 Jn°. Hall about his house 
 Howletes 
 
 Jn°. Bone adioyning to his house . 
 HOI croftes 
 Whites feild 
 
 xnij 
 
 acres 
 
 vj 
 
 acres 
 
 iiij 
 
 
 XXV acres 
 
 XXV 
 
 
 XXX acres 
 
 xiiij 
 
 acres 
 
 x'° 
 
 acres 
 
 iiij 
 
 acres 
 
 uj 
 
 acres 
 
 vj 
 
 acres 
 
 vij 
 
 acres 
 
 vij 
 
 acres 
 
 iiij 
 
 acres 
 
 iiij 
 
 acres 
 
 iuj 
 
 acres 
 
 vj 
 
 acres 
 
 xij 
 
 acres 
 
 xvj 
 
 acres 
 
 mj 
 
 acres 
 
 ij 
 
 acres 
 
 x"" 
 
 acres 
 
 V 
 
 acres 
 
 ij 
 
 acres 
 
 iy 
 
 acres 
 
 vij 
 
 acres 
 
 ij 
 
 acres 
 
 vj 
 
 
 xmj 
 
 acres 
 
 iiij 
 
 acres 
 
 v acres 
 
 n 
 
 acres 
 
 Uij 
 
 
 J 
 
 
 J 
 
 
 J 
 
 
 vj 
 
 
 j-en 
 
 acres 
 
 iij 
 
 acres 
 
 V acres 
 
14 
 
 HISTORY OF DULWJCH COLLEGE. 
 
 [a.d. 
 
 D. 
 
 E. 
 
 New mead 
 
 M' Stoughtou about his house 
 
 Great SpUmans 
 
 Jn°. Shott to his house 
 
 Jn". Ambler to his house 
 
 litis Spilmans 
 
 Gilcot land 
 
 Court Mead 
 
 the ground in thoccupation of Hall 
 
 M'. Knight to his house . 
 
 Jn°. Feering adioyrdng to his house 
 
 Newlandes in thoccupation of M' Stoughton 
 
 Newlandes in the holding of Staple 
 
 Henr. Hunters ground lieing between 
 
 Knightes house and Feeringes . 
 the close called the xviij acres conteyning 
 Kennoldes .... 
 
 Henr. Mathew adioyning to his house 
 Eob'. Best adioyning to his house 
 Kob'. Bogerson the younger about his house ' 
 Staple adioyning to his house 
 Jn°. Mathew to his house . 
 Hunters Napps .... 
 Savages Napps .... 
 Bogerson the younger his Napps . 
 Jn°. Staple his Napps 
 Nic. Foster his bornes 
 M' Knightes Napps 
 M' Caltons bornes 
 
 Feeringes bornes .... 
 Norcroftes .... 
 
 Carters Hall .... 
 
 the hill in thoccupation of Nic. Feild 
 Hunters hill .... 
 
 Pynners mead .... 
 Eobt. Bogerson thelder 
 
 M^ 
 
 ] 
 
 iij acres 
 
 ij acres 
 
 iiij acres 
 
 xj acres 
 xij acres 
 
 iij acres 
 iiij acres 
 x'" acres 
 xij acres 
 XXX acres 
 iiij acres 
 
 vj acres 
 
 iij acres 
 
 ij acres 
 
 X acres 
 
 vj acres 
 
 iij acres 
 
 X acres 
 
 ij acres 
 
 ij acres 
 
 xj acres 
 
 ij acres 
 
 iiij acres 
 
 ij acres 
 
 j acre 
 
 viij acres 
 
 iiij acres 
 
 vij acres 
 
 ij acres 
 
 x'° acres 
 
 iiij acres 
 
 vij acres 
 
 ij acres 
 
 iij acres 
 
 j acre 
 
 No date is given in this paper, which is obviously incomplete, as the 
 total amounts only to 509 acres, whereas the acreage at the founder's death 
 was in reality about 1100 acres. 
 
 In the year 1611, some doubt appears to have been thrown upon 
 Alleyn's title to Dulwich manor. He had purchased it from Sir Francis 
 Calton, relying apparently upon the title disclosed in the documents 
 quoted above, wherein it was set forth that the estate, havino- been 
 purchased from King Henry the Eighth, by Thomas Calton and Margaret 
 his wife, descended at his death to Margaret Calton and William Calton 
 her eldest son : that these two executed a deed conveying the property 
 
1 6 1 1 .] BILL IN CHANCER Y. 1 5 
 
 to Lord Gyles Pawlett and William Chiball, draper, in trust for the use of 
 Margaret Calton during her life, and at her death to her second son 
 Nicholas, and that through him it descended to Sir Francis Calton, his 
 eldest son and heir. 
 
 It is plain that unless the above-mentioned deed between Margaret 
 and William Calton and Lord Gyles Pawlett and Chiball could be pro- 
 duced and established. Sir Francis, and consequently Alleyn, had not a good 
 title ; but this deed was not among the " evidences " received by Alleyn at 
 the time of the purchase, which evidences, as set forth in his memo- 
 randum book, contained, with the exception of " The mayne patten from 
 " H y' 8'\" nothing anterior to the time of Nicholas Calton. AUeyn, there- 
 fore, on the 27th May 1611 preferred 
 
 " A bill of complaynt in y° Chawncerie against S' Francis Calton Knight ' to the 
 " ' right Honourable Thomas Lord Ellesmere Lord High ChanceUour of England,' " in 
 which, after reciting the title as given above, he proceeds : " And hee the said S' 
 " Frauncis Calton, being so seized afterwardes, that is to saye in or about the fowerth 
 " yere of the raigne of our soveraigne Lord the Kinges Ma*" that now ys of England 
 " France and Ireland, and of Scotland the fortith, for and in consideration of a great 
 " some of money, unto the said Sir Frauncis Calton in hand paied by your Lordshipp's 
 " said Orator, did by good and lawful! conveyances in the lawe convey and assure 
 " the said Manner with thappurtenances and dyvers other landes in the parish of 
 " Camberwell, in the said Countye of Surrey unto your Lordshipp's said Orator and 
 " to his heires : by vertue of which said conveyance your Lordshipp's said Orator hath 
 " byne and stiU is of the said Manner and premisses with thappurtenances lawfully 
 " seized in his demesne as of fee to him and to his heires." 
 
 He then sets forth that although he was entitled to " all and all manner of deedes, 
 " evidences, wrytinges, escriptes and mynymentes touching or any waies concerninge 
 " the said Mannor and premisses," yet that " dyvers of the evidences and ancient 
 " writinges touchinge and concerninge the said Mannor and premisses are of late come 
 " into the handes, custodie, and possession of the said S' Frauncis Calton, Knight, or 
 " into the custodie or possession of some other person or persons by his meanes, 
 " deKverye, consent or privitie, as also some deede or conveyance made by the said 
 " Margarett, alone or jointlie with the said William Calton, eldest sonne of the said 
 " Thomas Calton, unto dyvers persons of trust unto the use of the said Margarett 
 " Calton for the ternie of her owne life and then to the use of the said Nicholas 
 " Calton, one of the youngest sonnes of the said Thomas Calton and Margarett, which 
 " said deede or wrytinge, he, the said Sir Francis Calton, havinge in his custodye or 
 " possession or in the custody and possession of some other, by his deliverie, consent 
 " or privitie, hath endevoured and still doth endeavor to the uttermost of his power, 
 " to conceale and suppresse : And well knowinge that there was such a deede made 
 " by the said Margarett and William Calton, theldest sonne of the said Thomas 
 " Calton, the purchaser, to the said Lord Pawlett or to some other, and to such uses 
 " as aforesaid, yet notwithstandinge contrarye to his owne knowledge, hee the said S' 
 " Frauncis Calton doth conceale and detayne the same from your Lordshipp's said 
 " Orator, confederatynge and combyninge himselfe together with the heires of the 
 " said William Calton, the eldest sonne of the said Thomas Calton (to whome the 
 
i5 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 " inheritance of the said Mannor and premisses was and should have discended, if the 
 " said deede or conveyance had not beene made and executed) to defeate your Lord- 
 " shipp's said Orator of the inheritance of the said Mannor and premisses with 
 " thappurtenances." 
 
 He also accuses Sir Francis Calton of having " made and contryved dyvers secret 
 " estates of and in the said Mannor and premisses, or of some part thereof, to dyvers 
 " persons " " thereby unconscionablie intending hereafter to defraude your said Orator 
 " and his heires of the said Mannor and premisses " and prays that Sir Prancis Calton 
 may be compelled " to shew fourth the said deede and other the writinges and evi- 
 " dences touchinge the said Mannor and premisses and the same cause to delyver unto 
 " your said Orator for the preservation of his lawfull inheritance in and to the said 
 " Mannor and premisses." 
 
 And also forasmuch as he " knoweth not the certaine dates or nomber of the said 
 " evidences or writinges, and other the secret conveyances made by the said S' 
 '' Frauncis Calton or anie other touchinge the said Mannor and premisses, nor whether 
 " the same be in bagge, chest or box, sealed, locked or unlocked, or in whose handes 
 " the same be," he prays that a writ of subpena may be directed to Sir Francis 
 Calton, commanding him to appear before the Court and " then and there upon his 
 " corporal oath, truelie, plainhe, and directlye to answeare to all and sundxie the 
 " premisses " and " to answear uppon his oath, whether there were not such a deede 
 " or conveyance made by the said Margarett and William Calton to such uses as 
 " aforesaid, or to what uses it was made. And to shewe in whose handes the same is 
 " and remayneth and what tlie estates are conteyned in the said deede." 
 
 The answer of Sir Francis Calton to this bill (MSS. iv. 76) was practi- 
 cally an admission of all the facts and a denial of all the allegations 
 contained in it. It commences — 
 
 " The said defendant saieth that the said Bill of Complaint is exhibited into this 
 " honorable Court against him this defendant w^out anie just cause or occasion geven 
 " or offered by him to the said complaynant. And bee is therebye put to needles and 
 " vnecessarie charges, expences, vexacon and trouble." 
 
 He then proceeds to admit the correctness of the statement of title given in the 
 bill and the sale of the manor by him to Alleyn, adding, " And the said Complaynant 
 " or his assignees doe peacablie and quietlie possesse and enioye the said mannor and 
 " premisses w"'out anie the Interrupcon or clayme of this Deft or anie person or 
 " persons clayminge from by or vnder him. And the said defendant doth disclaime 
 " to haue anie right title or interest in or to the said mannor or premisses or anie part 
 " thereof. And this defendant further saieth that hee hath delivered vnto the com- 
 " playnaut All the deedes evidences and writinges in his custodie touchinge and 
 " concerninge the said mannor and premisses and this def thincketh that there was 
 " such a deede made by the said Margarett and William of the said Mannor and 
 " premisses to those psons nomynated in the said Bill of Complaint contaynin"e the 
 " same vses in the said BiU alleadged w* deede and vses were tbund by office as this 
 " defendant thincketh after the death of the said Thomas Calton. But where and in 
 " whose possession the same deede is or certeintie that there is such a deede this 
 " defendant knoweth not therefore this defendant traversetli and denieth wt^out that 
 « that the said deede made by the said Margaret and William or either of them or 
 " that anie of the evidences and auncient writinges concerning the said mannor and 
 
i6ii.] ANSWER OF SIR R CALTON. 17 
 
 " premisses are come into the handos custodie or possession of anie other pson or 
 " psons by his meanes deKuerie consent or privitie or that hee this defendant hath 
 " indeavored or still doth indeavor to the vtmost of his power or otherwise to con- 
 " ceale the said deede or wiitinge or other the evidences tonchinge the same manner 
 " and premisses or that this defendant knoweth in whose liandes and possession the 
 " said deedes he or concealeth or deteyneth the same or anie of them from the com- 
 " playnant as in the said Bill is alleadged." He also absolutely denies that he " hath 
 " made or contryved anie secret estates of the premisses or anie part thereof or that 
 " hee doth intend to defraud the complayn' thereof as in the Bill is vntruelie sur- 
 " mised. And without that that hee this defendant doth knowe of anie secret or 
 " former estates to be made of the premisses or anie part thereof whereby hee was 
 " not and should not be able to convey the same to the complaynant accordinge to 
 " the true meaninge of the said sale, as in and by the said bill is likewise untrulie 
 " surmised." And finally " humblie praieth to be distnissed out of the same w"* hi3 
 " reasonable costes and charges in this behalf wrongfuliie sustayned." 
 
 Besides the bill against Sir Francis Calton, AUeyn also preferred one 
 against Thomas Wightman, who had married Joa,n, the widow of Nicholas 
 Calton, and mother of Sir Francis, who also answered on the 5th October 
 1611, enumerating the deeds and other documents in his possession 
 relating to Dulwich Manor. 
 
 The result of these bills was that AUeyn practicallj'- obtained what he 
 required ; for although the actual deed of Margaret and William Calton was 
 not forthcoming, a note at the end of the evidences in his memorandum 
 book shows that he received "more wrighting concerning y' Lordshipp of 
 " DuUwich," amongst which were : — 
 
 " Y' copie off a fine dat. Elyz. y« 12*" from Margrett Calton and Willyam Calton 
 " her sone to giles pawlett «& Willyam Chiball." 
 
 " Y' exemplyfication off y' sayd fine " and " An indentur exemplyfied leading to 
 " y* uses of y' foresayd fine between Margrett & "Willyam Calton k pawlett & 
 " Chybball dat Januarie y« 24. Elyz y' 12*." 
 
 These exemplifications are now Muniments Nos. 344 & 545. 
 
 He also received from Thomas Wightman seven documents relating to 
 Rygates, six of which are now Muniments 324-6, 332-3 & 556. 
 
 Strictly speaking, the charges brought against Sir Francis Calton by 
 Alleyn in his bill had little, if any, real foundation. A much more simple 
 reason for the withholding of the important deed in question is suggested 
 by its contents, as shown in the " exemplification," by which it appears 
 that the deed related not to Dulwich alone, but to the whole provision for 
 the younger sons of Thomas Calton, which comprised the manor, rectory, 
 &c., of Goringe, co. Oxon, the manor of Dulwich, with lands &c., in 
 Dulwich and Camberwell, co. Surrey, lands &c., in Chaddesdon and Derby, 
 CO. Derby, wood in Lowisham, co. Kent, and the rectory, vicarage, &c., of 
 VOL. I. c 
 
1 8 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 Willey, CO. Herts. All of these were conveyed to Lord Giles Pawlett and 
 "William Chyball, in trust for Margaret Calton for her life, and at her 
 decease to the sons of Thomas Calton, viz. the Willey estate to George and 
 Henry, the Goringe estate to Kobert, the Dulwich and Lewisham estates to 
 Nicholas, and the Chaddesdon and Derby estate to George. Thus, as the 
 document concerned not only the estate of Nicholas, and through him of 
 Sir Francis Calton, but those also of George, Henry, and Eobert Calton, it 
 was not likely that the original could be given up to AUeyn. It is curious, 
 however, that the matter was not sufficiently explained to prevent such a 
 proceeding as a suit in Chancery. 
 
 Whilst he was completing his purchases of lands at Dulwich, 
 Alleyn, though Lord of that manor since 1606, continued to reside at 
 the Bankside in Southwark. He was churchwarden of the Liberty of 
 the Clink in 1610, letters continued to be addressed to him there as 
 late as 1612, and the probability is that he did not finally settle at 
 Dulwich until 1613, the same year in which he began the building of 
 the College. 
 
 No precise date can be laid down as that on which Edward Alleyn 
 determined to found a College at Dulwich, but it is probable that he had 
 something of the kind in his mind from the time of his first purchase in 
 1605. The story which is mentioned in some of the older biographies of 
 Alleyn, that he was led to it by the appearance of a real devil among the 
 actors personating demons on the stage, must be dismissed as a myth 
 without any foundation. A similar and equally absurd tradition was 
 current in later times with respect to an actor at the Pantheon in Oxford 
 Street. 
 
 Among the MSS. (v. 48) is a translation of the statutes of the Orphano- 
 comium and Gerontocomium or " Hospitalles for Orphanes and Olde 
 ffolkes " at Amsterdam, from the history of Amsterdam, printed by 
 Pontanus in 1611, and the outward resemblance between Dulwich College 
 and the Gerontocomium, of which a view is there given, has been 
 considered as not wholly accidental. It is probable, however, that Alleyn 
 procured this translation with a view mainly to the hints thereby aff'orded 
 for the compilation of the statutes for his own college, as he certainly 
 solicited suggestions from Winchester and Eton (MSS. v. 46 and 47) for 
 the same purpose. 
 
 In any case his mind was made up, and his plans were fully formed by 
 the 17th May 1613, on which date he entered into the following contract 
 with John Benson, bricklayer, of Westminster, for the building of the 
 College. (Mun. 558.) 
 
 This Indenture, made the seaventeenth day of May, 1613, and in the yeres of the 
 raigne of our sovraigne Lorde James, by the grace of God, Kinge of England. Fraunce 
 
i6i3.] CONTRACT FOR BUILDING THE COLLEGE. 19 
 
 and Ireland, defender of the faithe &c tbe eleaventh, and of Scotland the sixe and 
 fortithe, Betweene Edward Alleyn of Dulwich in the pishe of Camerwell in the 
 County of Surrey, Esquier, on th'one partye, and John Benson of Westm'' in the 
 County of Midd, bricklayer, on th'other party. Witnessethe, that it is covenanted, 
 graunted, concluded, condescended and agreed by and betweene the saide parties to 
 thies presentes, and the saide John Benson for him selfe covenanteth and graunteth to 
 and with the saide Edward Alleyn his executors and assignes by these presentes in 
 manner and forme as hereunder from article to article is expressed, that is to say ; 
 That he the saide John Benson or his assignes shall and will (for the consideration 
 here under written and specified) builde erect and sett up, upon a certen pcell of 
 ground appoynted and layde out for that purpose upon Dulwich Greene in the pishe 
 of Camerwell aforesaide, the trench for the foundacon to be digged and made fitt by 
 the saide Edward Alleyn, his executors or assignes, a certaine buildinge of brick, 
 of aud with such brickes, lyme, sand, or other stuff belonginge to brickworke, as 
 shalbe provided and delivered to him att the place aforesaide by the saide Edward 
 Alleyn his executors or assignes, which buildinge slialbe for a Chappell, a Scheie 
 howse, and twelve Almeshowses, proportionably accordinge to a plott thereof made 
 and drawen by the saide John Benson and subscribed by the saide pties ; the saide 
 Chappell and Scholehowse to be in lengthe from east to west fowerskore and fyfteene 
 foote of assize, and in bredthe from out side to out side twenty and nyne foote of 
 assize, and in height from the upper pte of the foundation even from the grounde to 
 the raysinge peece thertye foote of assize, and upon the head or topp of the same 
 height sixe foote of assize of finishing worke. And in the middle of the forefront of 
 the said Chappell shall erect and build one faire porche, to conteyne in lengthe 
 eighteene foote of assize and in bredthe from the other buildinge forward nyne foote 
 of assize, the same porche to be bewtifyed and finished as hereunder is menconed. 
 And behinde on the backe pte of the saide buildinge, directly against the saide 
 porche, shall erect and sett up one Tower of bricke to be eighteene foote of assize 
 square from out to outside, and in height to be threeskore foote of assize, with decent 
 and comely fynishinge, and at each corner of the same Tower one pynacle of brick : 
 And in the midest of the same Chappell and Scholehowse, for a pticon betweene 
 them, shall make one pticon wall to be in thicknes one brick and a halfe. To sett 
 out the rome appoynted for the plor of the saide Schole-howse backward by way of 
 inlargement ten foote of assize, and under the same parlor and rome before the same 
 appoynted for an entrie and staire case, shall make one cellar of brick to be in bredthe 
 thirteene foote of assize and in lengthe thirty fower foot of assize, and seven foote of 
 assize deepe. And in the same Scholehowse shall make and erect sixe chimneyes 
 sufficiently and substancially to be made and wrought, with arched mantle trees of 
 brick, and to carry and avoid smok cleane thorough the tonnels of the same 
 chimneyes ; that is to say, one chimney in the plor, one in the chamber over the 
 plor, one in the chamber or garrett ov' the same plor chamber, one in the kitchen, 
 one in the chamber over the kitchen, and one in the chamber over the Scholehowse. 
 The foundacon of the Chappell walls within the grounde to be in thicknes sixe 
 brickes, and so racled of untUl at the upp pte of the grounde it be brought to fower 
 brickes in thicknes : and from the grounde to the watertable to be three brickes and 
 a halfe in thicknes ; and from the watertable to the raysinge peece the walls to be 
 three brickes in thicknes. The foundacon of the Tower and the walls thereof to be 
 of the same thicknes as the Chappell is within the grounde, and the walls from the 
 grounde uppward to the covering of the same Tower to be three brickes in thicknes, 
 
20 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d 
 
 and even wiili the ridge of the Chappell the same Tower to have a decent watertable, 
 and from the watertable upward the same Tower to have forward twoe pillasters, and 
 suche other bewtifyinge and fynishinge as the forfront of the saide porch is to have, 
 as hereunder is mentioned. And that the forefront of the said Chappell and 
 ScholehowHe slialbe bewtifyed with sixe Dorick pUlasters with petty stalls, 
 bases, capitalls and cornishe, to reach from the lowest pte of the ibundacou 
 within the grounde unto the raysinge peece, and twoe pillasters to bewtifie the same 
 porche, and the saide sixe foote of fynishinge worke on the hedd or topp before 
 mehcoued, to rise a,nd be made with a small pillaater on the heade of every greate 
 pUlaster, with three kinde of tafferells on the forefront ; that is to say, one over the 
 porche, and on either side of the porch one ; and in the same forefront fower halfe 
 roundes for the bewtefyinge, and betweene every tafferi'ell and halfe rounde one 
 piramides. And in the forefront of the same Chappell, Scholehowse and porche shall 
 make fowerteeue windowes, viz ; in the Chappell sixe, in the Scholehowse sixe, and 
 over the saide porch twoe, every window to have fower lightes with a transsam, each 
 hght to be arched or turned over with brick, and every light to be twoe foote wide, 
 besides the monyon, whicli monion is to lae nyne ynches thick. And att the east end 
 of the saide Chappell shall make one faire windowe, wherein shalbe ten arched lightes 
 with a transam in the middle thereof, all the lightes and monyons thereof to be of the 
 pportion of the saide former windowes, and on the back parte of the saide Chappell, to- 
 v.'ardes the south, shall make one dore rome and butteres and sixe arched windowes 
 in the same Chap^eU, proportionable to the windowes in the forefront. The out walls 
 of tlie Scholehowse, and romes thereunto appoynted as aforesaide, to be in thicknes as 
 hereafter followeth, viz : from the lowest pte of the foundacon within the grounde to 
 the watertable twoe brickes and a halfe in thicknes ; from the watertable to the first 
 story twoe brickes in thicknes, and from the first stoiy to the topp a brick and a halfe 
 in thicknes, with sufficient windowes in every of the saide romes, as the same romes 
 and storj'es will conveniently beare and require. And in the kitchen chimney of the 
 same Scholehowse shall make twoe meete and sufficient ovens; one greater and 
 th'other lesser. And that sixe of the saide Almeshowses shalbe made and erected 
 from the east corner of the saide Chappell northwardes, and th'other sixe Almeshowses 
 from the west coruer of the saide Scholehowse northwardes, as by the said plott is 
 pscribed and pfigured, every of the same Almeshowses to be twelve foote square within 
 the walls : and in the same Almeshowses shall make twelve severall chimneyes viz ; 
 to each Almeshowse one, the mantle trees of the same chimneyes to be arched or 
 turned over with brick, and to be made to cany and avoid smoke cleane through the 
 tonnells of the same : and in every of the same Almeshowses shall make one windowe 
 ^v-ith twoe lightes, and under the eves of the same Almeshowses shaU make a slight 
 cornishe and to each Almeshowse one dore rome to be arched or turned over with 
 brick. And at the north end of cache of the same rankes of Almeshowses shall erect 
 one howse of office, to conteyne ten foote one way and twelve foote another, with a 
 vault to each howse of office of brick, eight foote deepe, w'" a vent out of each howse 
 of office in the manner of a chimney above the ridge of the same Almeshowses : and 
 also shall erect one wall of brick thwart from end to end of the saide Almeshowses to 
 enclose the courte, eight foote high, and in the midest of the same wall one faire gate 
 rome to be fynished in the best and most decent manner with pillasters, ffreze, cornishe 
 and puramides : the saide wall to be a brick and a halfe in thicknes. AH the pillasters 
 freezes, cornishe and windowes and fawmes of the saide buildinge to [be] fairely and' 
 cleauely fynished white, as is accustomed in buildinges of like nature. And all the 
 
i6i3.] CONTRACT FOR BUILDING THE COLLEGE. 21 
 
 same worke before pscribed, and all other bricklayers work to the same buildinge 
 appteyniiige, shall Veil, workemanlike and sufficiently worke make and fynishe in all 
 thinges to the trade of a bricklayer belonginge. And shall and will begin the same 
 worke on or before the last day of this instant moneth of May, and shall and will 
 continue at the same worke and fynishe the same with as much convenient speede as 
 possibly may be, and as the saide Edward Alleyn his executors or assignes shall 
 require the same, shall provide stuffe for doeinge thereof. For and in consideracon of 
 which worke and covenantes, in forme aforesaide to be done and pformed, the said 
 Edward Alleyn, for liiui, his executors and administrators, covenanteth and graunteth 
 to and with the saide John Benson, his executors and assignes, by these presentes in 
 manner and forme followinge : that is to say. That he the said Edward Alleyn his 
 executors or assignes shall finde and allowe sufficient scafolding boardes, cordes and 
 nails for the buildinge aforesaid. And also upon the fyneshinge of every five rodd 
 square of the saide buildinge, eveiy rodd conteyninge sixteene foote and a half of 
 assize, shall pay or cause to be paide to the said John Benson the sume of seaven 
 poundes ten shillinges of lawfull mony of England, the same to be measured one with 
 another, and runninge measure, which is thirty shillings for every rodd. And upon 
 the full fynishinge and endinge of the saide worke and buildinge for every rodd the 
 same shalbe measured into, one with another after the measure aforesaide ten 
 shillinges more, which in all is after the rate of forty sliillinges a rodd, without fraud 
 or covyn. In witnes whereof the said parties to theis present Indentures inter- 
 changeably have sett their handes and scales. Geaven the day and yeres first above 
 written JoSN Benson. 
 
 Sealed and delivered in presence of me 
 Thomas Bolton Scr. 
 Anthony Williams 
 
 Servant to the said Tho. Bolton. 
 
 Endorsements on Benson's Deed. 
 
 Received this IQ'*" of June 1613 of Ed Alleyn in part of payment 20' 
 
 John Benson 
 
 Beceved more this 14 of august 1613 .... 10" 
 
 John Benson 
 
 Beceved more this 28"" of august 1613 
 
 •'o'' 
 
 Pieceved more this 11"" of September 1613 
 Eeceved more this IS"" of September 1613 
 Eeceved more this 9"" of October 1613 y* sum off 
 
 . 10" 
 John Benson 
 
 . 10" 
 John Benson 
 
 . 10" 
 John Benson 
 
 . 20' 
 John Benson 
 Eeceved more this 30'" of November 1613 y" sum of . . 20' 
 
 John Benson 
 Eeceved more this 15 of december 1613 y' sum of . . 05' 
 
 John Benson 
 Eeceved more this 24 of december 1613 y" sum of , . 55' 
 
 John Benson 
 
2 2 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 Eeceved more this lO"" of Jauuarie 1613 y'' sum of . .10 
 
 John Benson 
 Eeceived more this 22"" of apill 1614 y" some of . . .7' 
 
 Eeceved from y° Costermonger. 
 
 The last payment to Benson endorsed on the deed is dated 22nd of April 
 1614, by which time it is probable that the carcase of the building was 
 complete, and its further progress is indicated by a letter from John Benson 
 to Edw. Alleyn (MSS. iii. 61), in which he offers to glaze "a peece of bind- 
 ing at DwUige" if he wiU provide " stufe as glase and lead and soder," but 
 prays him to keep it close for fear of the glaziers, on which undated letter 
 there is an acquittance for £lO, dated 14th May 1614. 
 
 By the end of the summer of 1616 the College was so far ready that the 
 consecration of the Chapel was fixed for the 1st September, the founder's 
 birthday, and AUeyn began to make arrangements to appoint the first 
 recipients of his bounty. 
 
 He offered the post of chaplain to the Eev. Cornelius Lymer, who had 
 been Chaplain of Christchurch College, Oxford, since 1605, and it was by 
 him accepted in the following letter (MSS. iii. 66). 
 
 The document being considerably mutilated, the portions printed in 
 italics are conjectural. 
 
 My duty in all humbleness remembred. / lmv& received advertisement from 
 
 my wP good ixiend Mr. y* the first of September is y* day appointed for tlie 
 
 consecracon of yo' Chappell, & that you require my attendance there to read 
 prayers and to Tpreach in the forenoone, my duty inforceth mee to return you the grate- 
 full testimony of my thankfuU heart, for y° givirig so ready an eare unto my suite, and 
 accepting ot me rather than another of my brethren, to imploy my talent in that 
 capacity. My custome, and my profession forbids me to he fulsome in my promises 
 and protestacons or to make use of any hyperbolicall phrases when I am vjriting to 
 any of my superio" wherefore my humble request to your worship is to pardon my 
 modesty if I simply say tliat I accept of my honest and true heart, wch next to eternal 
 glory, aymeth at nothing more than to give unto yo' worship contentment in y° dis- 
 chardge of y' duty wch I shall periorme in y° place where you live, and my prayer 
 unto God is and ever shalbe, so to blesse my studies and labours y' I may dischard"e 
 a good conscience in his sight and before all men. I conclude w"" thancksgivinf^ unto 
 God who moved yo'' heart to begin so good and charitable a worke, and hath granted 
 you leave to finish it, and I pray God you may long live to see the blessed fruite of 
 yo' cost and chardges, to yo' owne contentm', and incouragem' of others by yo' good 
 example to doe y° like, y' so in y' end of your dayes you may receiue y" end of yo' 
 hope an immarcessible * crowne of imortall glory. And so I end and rest 
 ^ ^, . , , , Yo' w!" most humbly Mvoted] 
 
 From Christchurch Cornelius Lymer. 
 
 m Oxford this 22'" 
 
 of July 1616. 
 
 • Immarcessible, i.e. unfading. 
 
i6i6.] CONSECRATION OF THE CHAPEL. 23 
 
 Cornelius Lymer was accordingly appointed Chaplain or Preacher on the 
 31st July 1616, and on the first of the following September the Chapel was 
 consecrated, Alleyn making the first entry in the Register book with his 
 own hand as follows : — 
 
 " A Eegester Book for this CoUedge off God's guift in DuUwich in y* countye off 
 " Surrey, wherin is contayned first all y° names off the Colledgiantes then all y' 
 " Christenings Burialls or marriages, which hath bene since the Chappie off y* said 
 " Colledge wase consecrated and dedicated to y' honor off Christ by the most Eeverent 
 " father in God, George Abbot Archbishopp off Canterbury His Grace, on Sundaye y* 
 " first off September and y° yeare off our Lord, 1616." 
 
 The ceremony of consecration is described at length in the Register 
 of Archbishop Abbot in Lambeth Palace. It has been printed in 
 Wilkin's Concilia. The following is a translation from the original 
 Latin : — 
 
 On Sunday the 1st day of September 1616, between the Lours of nine and twelve 
 in the forenoon, at the gate or entrance of the chapel or oratory lately built by 
 Edward Alleyn, Esquire, in a certain building lately erected by him in the village or 
 hamlet of Dulwiuh, within the Parish of Camberwell or Camerwell, in the County of 
 Surrey, the diocese of "Winchester, and Province of Canterbury, before the Most 
 Reverend Father in Christ George Archbishop of Canterbury, etc., to whom all and 
 every the jurisdiction spiritual and ecclesiastical touching the whole diocese of 
 "Winchester both by reason of the vacancy thereof and of his Metropolitan right of 
 visitation, etc., is known to belong, in the presence of me John Drake, Notary 
 Public, etc. 
 
 The manner of the dedication and consecration of the chapel or oratory in the 
 village or hamlet of Dulwich in the County of Surrey. 
 
 At which time and place there appeared personally the said Edward Alleyn, Esquire, 
 and stated that his said building (which by the Grace of God and the licence of our 
 Lord the Eing he proposed and intended to make into a college for the poor) was 
 situated in the village or hamlet of Dulwich, in the parish of Camberwell otherwise 
 Camerwell in the said County of Surrey, and that it was far distant from the parish 
 church of Camberwell aforesaid, viz., about two mUes, so that he could not easily attend 
 the said church with his household to hear divine service and to offer due devotion to 
 Almighty God without danger and difficulty, especially in wet and stormy weather. 
 Therefore, in order that he may with his household the better serve God and display 
 to men a testimony of his love for the Christian Eeliglon as received and professed 
 in this realm of England, he has lately built, erected and constructed a chapel or 
 oratory in his said College on his own land and at his own cost, and has furnished 
 and ornamented the same with all things necessary for the decent and proper per- 
 formance of divine service. Furthermore he stated that there was near his said 
 college and within the said hamlet a certain place surrounded by walls which he 
 destined for a cemetery or place of burial for the bodies of those who died in the said 
 
2 4 lilSTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 college and hamlet, and prayed humbly and earnestly both in his own name and in the 
 names of all the inhabitants that the said Most Eeverend Father, the episcopal chair 
 of Winchester being vacant, would think fit to decree and by virtue of his authority 
 both ordinary and metropolitan dedicate and consecrate the said chapel or oratory 
 to be employed in and for sacred and divine uses, and the said place or plot of 
 ground intended for a cemetery or place of burial in the said hamlet to be dedicated 
 and consecrated as a cemetery or burying ground for the dead in and for the said 
 hamlet. 
 
 Wlierefore the said Most Eeverend Father regarding favourably the pious and 
 religious desire of the said Edward AUeyn, in answer to his petition decreed that the 
 aforesaid chapel or oratory and the said place or plot of ground intended for a 
 cemetery or burying ground should be respectively dedicated and consecrated accord- 
 ing to liis petition on that behalf, and that the consecration thereof should be pro- 
 ceeded with. And forthwith the said Most Eeverend Father, accompanied by the 
 honorable and distinguished gentlemen, Edmund Bowyer, Thomas Grymes, "William 
 Gresham, Thomas Hunt, and Jeremiah Turner, Knights, and many others, entered the 
 aforesaid chapel and proceeded to the East end thereof, and there sitting in a chair 
 placed and prepared for him and proceeding in due and legal form, dedicated and 
 consecrated the aforesaid chapel or oratory for divine worship, the celebration of 
 divine service, the administration of tlie Sacraments, the reading of the "Word 
 of God, the burial of the dead and the performance of other sacred duties, by 
 reading, passing, and promulgating publicly in a loud voice a decree or form 
 of dedication and consecration of the aforesaid chapel couched in manner ibllow- 
 ing, viz'. : 
 
 la the Name of God. Amen. "Whereas the honourable gentleman Edward 
 Alleyn, Esquire, moved by pious and religious devotion, has lately built, erected and 
 constructed on his own land and at his own expense in a certain building lately 
 constructed by him also in the village or hamlet of Dulwich in the Parish of Camber- 
 well or Camerwell in the County of Surrey, the Diocese of Winchester, and our 
 province of Canterbury, this Chapel or Oratory measuring in length from the East 
 to the West forty seven feet or thereabouts, and in breadth from the North to the 
 South (besides the tower) twenty four feet or thereabouts : and Whereas the said 
 Edward Alleyn has proposed and purposed with the blessing of God and the licence 
 of our Lord the King to convert the said building into a college for the poor, and has 
 provided and furnished the said chapel in a decent and sufficient manner with a 
 pulpit, communion table, font, convenient seats and other matters necessary for the 
 performance of Divine service : and Whereas he has supplicated us that we, in the 
 vacancy of the episcopal chair of Winchester, should think fit to dedicate and con- 
 secrate by virtue of_ our authority both ordinary and metropolitan, the said Chapel to 
 the sacred and divine uses below specified : Now We, George, by divine permission 
 Archbishop of Canterbury, Primate and Metropolitan of all England, to whom belomys 
 all and every the jurisdiction spiritual and ecclesiastical in and through the whole 
 diocese of Winchester by reason both of the vacancy of the episcopal chair thereof 
 and of our metropolitan right of visitation over the same diocese, acceding to his wish 
 on that behalf, and proceeding, by virtue of our ordinary and metropolitan authority, 
 to the consecration of this chapel or oratory newly erected, built and furnished at the 
 proper cost of the said Edward Alleyn as aforesaid, do hereby so far as in us lies and 
 we are enabled by the constitution, laws, statutes and canons of this realm of 
 
i6i6.] CONSECRATION OF THE CHAPEL. 25 
 
 England, dedicate and consecrate by the name of the Chapel of Christ in the village 
 or hamlet of Dulwich aforesaid this Chapel or Oratory aforesaid for Divine worship, 
 for the performance of Divine of&ces, for the celebration of the Sacraments of the 
 Lord's Supper and of Holy Baptism as well as the solemnization of Matrimony, for 
 offering prayers to God, for honestly and truthfully reading and expounding the word 
 of God, and for the burial of the dead especially such as decease within the college 
 and the said hamlet with the consent nevertheless of the said Edward AUeyn or of 
 the person for the time being holding the mastership or Presidency of the said College, 
 and for the performance and exercise of all the other Sacramental duties to the 
 honour of God, aud for the health of the souls and the use of the said Edward Alleyn 
 and his household and the master or governor for the time beiiig of the said college 
 and of all the inhabitants now or in time to come of the said college and hamlet of 
 Dulwich aforesaid. And we pronounce, decree, and declare it openly and publicly to 
 have been so dedicated, consecrated and made over so to remain for all time to come, 
 and we decree that it should be named and called for all time to come by the name 
 of the Chapel of Christ as aforesaid, and call it by that name accordingly. And we 
 will that the said chapel or oratory should be endowed for all legal purposes with all 
 and singular the privileges usual and necessary in such cases and appertaining to 
 chapels of ancient foundation, and so far as in us lies aud we are by law entitled, we 
 endow it accordingly and ratify the same by these presents, saving always the rights 
 and interests of the mother church in whose parish the said chapel or oratory is 
 situated, together with all and singular tithes, offerings, tolls, privileges, rights and 
 emoluments thereof whatsoever and ibr all liabilities to repair and other ordinary 
 and extraordinary charges of the said mother church in any way due or customary 
 by law or custom or belonging or appertaining thereto. Eeserving also to the said 
 Edward Alleyn and the Principal Mas<-or or Governor of the said college for the time 
 being full and free power to approve, cind license with the authority of the ordinary 
 from time to time a fit priest for the performance and celebration of the said divine 
 oflices in the said chapel. Provided always that the said Edward Alleyn and the 
 Principal Master or Governor of the said college from time to time for the future 
 shall keep and sustain at his or their proper cost a curate or minister in the said 
 Chapel to be approved aud licensed by the ordinary, and shall provide such curate 
 with an annual stipend of twenty marks at the least without any diminution or 
 deduction in respect of offerings due by ecclesiastical law, or tithes or burdens of any 
 kind belonging or appertaining by law or custom to the rectory or vicarage of Camber- 
 well or Camerwell aforesaid, and further that in respect of Imrials in the said chapel 
 all and singular the offerings or death dues, fees, and taxes due by law or custom 
 shall be paid over entire to the Vicar of the said mother church and the church- 
 wardens and officers of the same for the time being in as ample a manner and form 
 as has heretofore been the case in respect of burials in the chancel of the said mother 
 church and as they are wont to be paid if persons dying as aforesaid should be buried 
 in the chancel of the said mother church. All and singular these matters so far as 
 is in our power and we are empowered by law we thus decree, stablish and reserve by 
 these presents. G. Cantuae. 
 
 Having read this decree or form of consecration, the said Most Picverend Father 
 offered a prayer to the Most High God that He would accept the said offering in the 
 following words, viz'. : 
 
 VOL. I. D 
 
26 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. \k.t,. 
 
 PEAYEE, 
 
 most merciful Father, heaven is thy throne and the earth is thy footstool, what 
 house then can be built for thee ? or what place is there that thou shouldest rest in ? 
 But yet since it hath been ever thy delight to be with the sons of men, therefore in 
 all ages of the world thy servants have separated and hallowed certain places from all 
 profane and common uses unto thy divine service, either by thy especial command- 
 ment, or by the inspiration of thy blessed Spirit. So Adam had his oratory in paradise ; 
 and Jacob his praying place in the fields ; Moses his holy ground in the Wilderness ; 
 and the Israelites their tabernacle for thy worship in the land of Promise ; until it 
 pleased thee at the last to put into the heart of King Solomon to build a temple to 
 thine honour in Jerusalem, admirable for beauty, invaluable for riches, renowned for 
 sanctity throughout all the world, whither the tribes of Israel did ascend three times 
 a year, to offer sacrifices and oblations unto thee : and afterwards thy people being 
 inflamed with the zeal of this house, added daily unto their mother church lesser 
 synagogues in every town; by which godly examples revealed in thy word, the 
 christian churches in their succession have made and consecrated houses unto thee, 
 as well for the celebration of thy divine ordinances and preaching of thy heavenly 
 word, as for the invocation of thy great name, and administration of thy holy sacra- 
 ments: for the temple is the court of audience, wherein thou dost sit to hear our 
 prayers, and it is our heaven upon earth, wherein we assemble and meet together to 
 laud and magnify thy glorious majesty. And doth not reason and religion inforce us 
 unto this work ! for shall the sparrow have an house, and the swallow her nest, and 
 shall not we find out an house for thee, Lord our redeemer ! Shall we who are but 
 dust and ashes, build unto ourselves ceiled and beautiful houses for our worldly affairs, 
 yea and for our pleasures, and shall we not build and dedicate some houses for thy 
 worship, unto thy great and fearful name, and repay, as it were, the tithes of our 
 dwelling-places back again unto thee ! for aU things come from thee, and we can give 
 thee but thy own. Accept therefore, we beseech thee, most gracious Father, of this 
 our bounden duty, and because, except thou build the house they labour but in vain 
 that build it. Sanctify this house with thy gracious presence, which is erected unto 
 the honour of thy service. Now therefore arise, Lord, and come into this place of 
 rest, let thine eyes be open towards this house night and day : let thine ears be ready 
 to hear the prayers of thy children, which they shall pour forth unto thee in this 
 place, and let thine heart delight to dwell here perpetually; and whensoever thy 
 servants shall make their petitions unto thee in this house either to bestow thy (rood 
 graces and blessings upon them, or to remove thy heavy punishments and judgm'ents 
 from them, hear thou from heaven thy dwelling-place, and when thou hearest have 
 mercy : and grant, Lord, we beseech thee, that here and elsewhere thy priests may 
 be clothed with righteousness, and that all thy saints may rejoice in thy salvation, so 
 that when we shall cease to pray unto thee in these earthly temples, we may at 
 the last praise thee in thy glorious temple not made with hands, but eternal in the 
 heavens; for thy dear Son and our blessed Saviour Jesus Christ his sake 
 who liveth and reigneth with thee, and the Holy Ghost, one God, world without 
 end. Amen. 
 
 After this M". Cornelius Lymer, M.A., deacon and priest, sitting at the curate's 
 place read prayers and certam Psalms, and a chapter chosen for the occasion, viz'., the 
 
i6i6.J CONSECRATION OF THE CEMETERY. 27 
 
 84" and 122"^ Psalms and the 10"" chapter of the Gospel according to S'. John, after 
 which the said most Eeverend Father ascended the pulpit, and after a hymn had been 
 sung, preached on the following text contained in the 76'" Psalm and the 11'" verse, 
 viz*., " Promise unto your Lord God and keep it, all ye that are round about him ; 
 " bring presents unto him that ought to be feared," and expounded the Word of God 
 with much learning to the people who were assembled there in great numbers. When 
 the service was at an end after the singing of a Psalm, the said most Eeverend Father 
 dismissed the assembled people with a blessing, and proceeding forth from the afore- 
 said chapel went to the place or plot of ground which had been prepared for a 
 cemetery or place of burial in the aforesaid hamlet, accompanied by the said M'. 
 Edward Alleyn and many others, and having entered the same proceeded to a spot in 
 the said plot of ground where a chair had been prepared and placed for him, and took 
 his seat there. And there and then the said most Eeverend Father, sitting in his seat 
 of judgement in accordance with the petition of the said Edward Alleyn preferred as 
 well in his own name as in the names of aU the inhabitants of the village or hamlet 
 of Dulwich aforesaid, dedicated and consecrated the aforesaid place and plot of 
 ground as a cemetery or place of burial for the dead in and for the aforesaid 
 hamlet, by reading, passing and promulgating publicly in a loud voice a decree or 
 form of dedication and consecration of the aforesaid cemetery written in manner 
 following, viz'. : — 
 
 In the name of God : Amen. We, George, by divine permission Archbishop of 
 Canterbury, Primate and Metropolitan of all England, to whom is well known to 
 belong all and every the jurisdiction spiritual and ecclesiastical in and through the 
 Diocese of Winchester by reason both of the vacancy of the Episcopal chair thereof 
 and of our metropolitan right of visitation over the same diocese, decree that this place 
 or plot of ground situated in the village or hamlet of Dulwich within the parish of 
 Camberwell or CamerweU. in the county of Surrey and the diocese of Winchester and 
 in our province of Canterbury, adjacent to the King's highway leading from the village 
 of Camberwell aforesaid to a certain college lately built by Edward Alleyn, Esquire, in 
 the village or hamlet of Dulwich aforesaid, inclosed with walls on all sides, and 
 measuring in breadth from East to West eighty sis feet or thereabouts and in length 
 from North to South one hundred and fifty feet or thereabouts, should be set apart 
 from its former and all other common and profane uses for the following uses and by 
 the same title have assigned it for the benefit of the inhabitants and dwellers in the 
 village or hamlet of Dulwich aforesaid as and for a cemetery or place of burial for the 
 dead in and for the aforesaid hamlet, so far as in us lies and M'e are enabled by the 
 constitution, laws, statutes and canons of this realm of England, and by virtue of our 
 own authority both ordinary and metropolitan, do dedicate and consecrate it by the 
 name of the cemetery of the aforesaid hamlet, and we decree that it shall be had and 
 held for the aforesaid use and be known and called as the cemetery of the aforesaid 
 hamlet for ever : And we further will that the said cemetery or place of burial should 
 be endowed (for all legal purposes) with all and singular the privileges usual and 
 necessary in such cases and appertaining to ancient cemeteries and places of burial 
 consecrated and dedicated of old, and so far as in us lies and we are by law entitled, 
 we endow it accordingly and ratify the same by these presents, saving always and 
 reserving to the vicar of the Parish Church of Camberwell or CamerweU aforesaid and, 
 to the churchwardens and other officers of the same for the time being for ever aU. 
 and singular the offerings, death dues, fees, and taxes, for all and singular the burials 
 
23 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 of the dead in this cemetery or place of burial, due hy law or custom ia respect 
 thereof, in as ample a manner and form as if the said corpses were buried in the 
 cemetery of the aforesaid mother church, and the payment of all and singular such 
 offerings, death dues, fees, and taxes so due by law or custom, we reserve by these 
 presents for ever, to the vicar, guardians, and other officers of the said mother church 
 for the time being, so far as in us lies and we are enabled by law. 
 
 G. Cantuar. 
 
 After this was done, the said most Reverend Father offered up prayer to Almighty 
 God for the acceptance of the aforesaid offering in the words following, viz'. : 
 
 Most merciful Father, thou hast been pleased to teach us in thy holy word, that the 
 very bodies of thy faithful servants are not made in vain, but that living and dying 
 they have their special uses appointed by thyself; thou hast framed them here on 
 earth to be the workmanship of thy hands ; and to sound out thy glory ; thou heist 
 fashioned them unto the shape of thine own Son, that by a spiritual union they 
 should be as bone of his bone, and flesh of his flesh; thou hast made them the 
 temples of thy Holy Ghost, that thy sacred Spirit may move and work in them those 
 things which by thy mercy are acceptable in thy sight ; and when they are to rest 
 with their fathers, and to return unto the earth, from whence they were taken, thou 
 hast appointed them not for ever to remain there in corruption, but at the day of 
 general resurrection to come forth of the graves, to be possessed with eternity, and to 
 be crowned with immortality. We cannot therefore but take knowledge by the 
 examples of thy patriarchs, and holy men in all ages, and by that which thy blessed 
 word hath revealed unto us, that it is thy gracious pleasure, that when thy servants 
 shall by thee be called out of this miserable world, their bodies should be seemly and 
 decently committed unto christian burial, that in the bowels of the earth they may 
 remain in hope of a joyful resurrection ; and having for that purpose made choice of 
 this place, where we now are, that it may be a receptacle for the bodies of such of our 
 brethren and sisters, as thou dost ordain hither ; we beseech thee to accept this work 
 of ours, and mercifully to grant that we who be here present may never fbrget our 
 dissolution from the tabernacle of this flesh, but that living we may think of death, 
 and dying we may apprehend life, to the everlasting comfort of our souls ; and for 
 those whose bodies are hereafter to he committed to this earth, so guide them with thy 
 grace while they are here in this world, that setting thee evermore before their eyes, 
 and accounting all things vain in comparison of their enjoying of thee their only God 
 and Saviour, they may live in thy fear, and die in thy faith, and so be made heirs 
 of thy everlasting kingdom, through Jesus Christ our Lord and blessed Redeemer. 
 Amen. 
 
 Then the said most Reverend Father dismissed the assembled people with a 
 blessing. When all and singular these matters had been transacted, the said Edward 
 AUeyn as well in his own name and in that of all the inhabitants of the aforesaid 
 hamlet, requested me the said John Drake, notary public, being there present, to 
 prepare for him one or more public instruments and witnesses, etc. There were present 
 at the consecration of the said chapel the honourable gentlemen and knic^hts above 
 mentioned, and there were present also both at the consecration of the said chapel and 
 of the said cemetery the following honourable gentlemen: Thomas Goade, D.D. 
 Robert Hutton, Esquire, Maurice Abbot, merchant, William Ascou"h Edward 
 
i6i6.] CONSECRATION OF THE CEMETERY. 29 
 
 Leventhorpe and Humpliery Orme, gentlemen, and John Gilpyn, apparitor-general of 
 the said most Eeverend Father, and other witnesses necessary on that behalf. 
 
 The see of Winchester was vacant at the time, and, of course, the 
 diocesan was not present, neither was the Vicar of Camberwell, as might 
 have been expected. He was the Eeverend Edward Wilson, who was pre- 
 sented to the Vicarage by Queen EUzabeth in 1577, and consequently had 
 held the living thirty-nine years. From this, and from the fact that a new 
 vicar was presented in 1618, it may be conjectured that his absence 
 was occasioned by old age and infirmity. 
 
[ 3° ] [a-d. 
 
 CHAPTER 11. 
 
 THE COLLEGE DURING THE LIFE OF THE FOUNDER. 
 
 Edward Alleyn had, as has been said above, fully settled the plan of the 
 foundation of his college before he commenced to build. It was to be 
 called the " College of God's Gift in Dulwich," and was to consist of a 
 master, a warden, four fellows, six poor brethren, six poor sisters, and 
 twelve poor scholars. The Master, Warden, and Fellows were to be 
 appointed by himself while he lived, and after his death, as he might 
 order by the statutes ; but of the poor brethren and sisters, two men and 
 one woman were to be nominated by the parish of St. Botolph's, Bishops- 
 gate, where he was born ; one man and two women by the part of parish 
 of St. Giles, Cripplegate, which was without the city, in which he had 
 property, viz., the Fortune Playhouse; and two men and one woman by 
 the parish of St. Saviours, Southwark, where he had lived so many years. 
 The remaining one man and two women were to be selected by himself 
 from the inhabitants of the parish of Camberwell, and especially from 
 Dulwich itself. In like manner, three of the poor scholars were to be 
 nominated by each of the three first-named parishes, and the remaining 
 three selected from Camberwell or Dulwich boj^s. 
 
 In accordance with this scheme, Alleyn addressed himself, either before 
 or immediately after the consecration of the chapel, to the authorities of 
 the three first-named parishes, and requested them to nominate aged poor 
 people to be taken into his " proteccion and charge," The first reply 
 extant is from the parish of St. Giles, Cripplegate, the authorities of 
 which sent the following answer on the 14th September 1616, addressed 
 
 To the woorr'^ o" good 
 
 freind Edward 
 
 Allen Esq', o' 
 
 Benefacto', 
 
 (MSS. iii. 67). 
 [Beginning "badly mutilated.] 
 
 Wee in pticular doe much thank yo" for yo' so bounteous graunt to this half pishe 
 as from tyme to tyme and for ever to take three of these into yo' pteccon and chai-fre. 
 
i6i6.] THE FIRST ALMS PEOPLE. 31 
 
 Wee have made choyce by yo' direccon of a man & 2 women wee hould them of 
 honest conversacon The mans name is John Jones the womena names are Alice 
 Foster and Margarett Chapman. Let them pray hartely that God will increase the 
 numher of such as shalbe of yo' mynde, and wee yo' freinds shall ever shewe o^'selves 
 behoulding to yo" for yo' love and Eegister yo" in the numher of 0' blessed Benefactors 
 And doe rest 
 
 Your loving frends 
 
 MiCHELL 
 
 William Hewett 
 Thomas Nicholes 
 John Webbs 
 Geoege Morgan 
 Our pishione" desire for mortalities sake that they may have some noate or 
 instruin' from yo" of this yo' eontynewell pleasure. 
 
 John Brooke Churchwarden 
 
 These three were admitted, and their names inserted in the register as 
 " coUedgiantes " on the 1st October 1616. The next letter was from 
 St. Botolph's, and is as follows (MSS. iii. 69) :— 
 
 Salut in Christo 
 Sir I have this day cald uppon the ancients of ower parishe to informe me of 
 suche poore people amonge our pensioners as are fit to be psented unto you for y* 
 admittance into y' charitable erection of Almes bowses, and wee consideringe well of 
 theire distresse have sente unto you the names of theise three Mawde Lee widow 
 above the age of threescore yeares Henry Phillipes and John Muggleton, whome wee 
 thinks worthy of y' commiseration and entreate you to let us know from you when 
 they shall be receaved that wee may send them personally unto you. Thus humbly 
 beseechinge almighty God to bless you, wee comit you to his ptection and reste 
 
 Y"^ very lovinge freends 
 At the parish church Stephen Gosson Eecf. 
 
 of S' Botolphe withowt Clement Buck Deputie 
 
 Bishopsgate Septr. 29 Thomas Dunnynge 
 
 Anno 1616 Eaphe Snider 
 
 Stephen Feesezinfelde 
 
 On the 2nd of October Dr. Gosson sent these poor persons to Alleyn 
 that he might have a "personale view" of them, and introduced them in 
 the following letter (MSS. iii. 70) :— 
 
 Salut in Christo. 
 Sir I have now sente yow a personale view of those three poore persons whose 
 names wee psented unto yow from the churche uppon Sunday laste. Mawde Lee a 
 very poore widow and a pensior of o' parish aged threescore yeares and upward. 
 Heurie Philippes an almes man also of owers uppon the pointe of three score yeares. 
 And John Muggleton of the lyke age, trustyinge that uppon this enterview you will 
 give them their direction when they shall be admitted into y' hospitale of poore folkes 
 
32 
 
 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 whiche are the pledges Christe hath left with yow in his absence, whoe hath told us 
 longe agoe that the poore yow shall alwayes have amonge yow corpaly present untill 
 he eome agayne in body', to iudge the world and give recompence to those that have 
 for his sake shewed any mercy heere to his images and needy members heere. Thus 
 recommendinge to the grace of our good God I rest 
 
 Y' verie louinge and ancient frend 
 
 At my howse in S' Steph: Gosson Rect. 
 
 Eotolphes withowt 
 
 Bishopsgate 2 Octob. 
 
 1616. 
 
 Mawde Lee, Henrie Phillippes, and John Muggleton were accordingly 
 admitted on the 7th October 1616. 
 
 The parish of St. Saviour's, Southwark, probably sent an early answer, 
 which has not been preserved, for on the 2nd of October, William Ceely of 
 St. Saviour's, and Ann Allen of the same parish, were entered in the 
 register as admitted. The second man nominated by them had no doubt 
 been found ineligible for some cause, for in the following letter, which has 
 no date, they presented another candidate (MSS. iii. 71). 
 
 It wiU be observed that the churchwardens break out into verse ! 
 
 WorshipfuU and kinde neighbo' health to yo' person and many wishes for longe 
 ioy of gods temporall blessinge given you, whereof the poore are made ptakers and yo'' 
 lovinge frends become thankful! to you for them, wee sende you (as yo' loue moved 
 us to doe) this poore elected Beadesman of yo" James Saunder aged 68 yeares and a 
 pentioner with vs amongest others, whoe wee hope w"* all comfort doth accept the 
 same, and will in his daily orisons remember his good ffounder both in love and 
 dutie : wee sente him for an honest poore man, and thanck you for him, and rest 
 alwaies in o' loues myndfuU of yo' kyndnes to this our poor Liberty of the Clinck. 
 
 As god (lid moue your mind to build 
 
 A howse for many poore 
 To line by weekly almes that you 
 
 Allott them of your store 
 God graunt they may be thanckfuU still 
 
 While aged years giue space 
 To Founders care and frends report 
 
 That brought them to this place. 
 
 Yo' worPP' lovinge neighbors 
 eogee gole 
 Edwakde Geiffine 
 William Corden 
 Tho: Mansell 
 M' BENFIELD X marks 
 Thomas Dawson 
 Setii Benwell 
 Ealp. Scott beaddell 
 
i6i7.] ADMISSION OF POOR SCHOLARS. 33 
 
 James Saunders was duly admitted on tlie lOth October 1616. The 
 number of tbe pensioners was completed by the admission of Hen : Briggs 
 of Peckham on the 30th September, Aylec (or Alice) Man of Peckham, on 
 the 10th October, and Sarah Sheppard of Camberwell on the 17th October. 
 
 It will be seen hereafter that AUeyn was not fortunate in these two last 
 appointments. 
 
 On the 13th October 1616 the sacrament of baptism was administered in 
 the chapel for the first time, the register recording that, " October y° 13 was 
 " John the sonne of John Underwood baptizd," and the first burial in the 
 churchyard was that of the same child. The entry is — "October y° 21 was 
 " John the sonne of John Underwood buryed." 
 
 The second entry in the burial register contains an error ; for it records 
 that on " October y° 18* Ann Allen one of the poor sisters off y' CoUedge 
 " wase buryed ; " whereas opposite to the name of this sister who had been 
 admitted from St. Saviour's on the 2nd October is written in Alleyn's own 
 hand, "died december y* 17," The burial should no doubt have been 
 entered as on the 18th of December instead of October. Her place was 
 filled up by the admission of Anne Kirton of St. Saviour's on the 11th of 
 January 1616/7. 
 
 Thus at the commencement of the year 1617 (according to the present 
 calendar) the foundation consisted of six poor brethren, six poor sisters, 
 and of the chaplain, Cornelius Lymer. The latter, curiously enough, 
 seems for at least a part of this year to have been chaplain both at Christ- 
 church, Oxford, and at Dulwich, for his name appears in the books of the 
 former College as chaplain in 1617, and not afterwards. He may, however, 
 have had leave of absence. 
 
 In the early summer of 1617, AUeyn appears to have begun to make 
 arrangements for the reception of the poor scholars. He offered the post 
 of schoolmaster on a " yeares triall," with a stipend of twenty marks, or 
 £13. 6s. 8d., in addition to his " diet," to one Richard Barlow of Newport 
 Pagnell, probably on the recommendation of Edward Alleyn, his cousin, 
 who lived there, but Mr. Barlow declined it in the following letter (MSS. ' 
 iii. 73) :— 
 
 Most worthie and rij:;ht worshipful S'. what a desire I have had to embrace that 
 liberall maintenaunce w"*" hath beene offered unto me from you, noe man knoweth 
 better then my selfe, yet that god whoe ruleth the harts' of all men and aUthoughe 
 men may purpose a thinge yet he will dispose of all thinges as it seemeth best unto 
 his heavenly wisdome, hath otherwaies determined in this matter, yea and hath 
 through the counsell of my freinds given me tooe motives w*^** dissuade me to the 
 contrarie : the first is the p'sent occasion now offered me wheare I am, the seconde is the 
 condicions w*" weare betwixt you, M"" Lymer and my selfe. For the first, I finde such 
 meanes stirred up for my maintenaunce, amonghste those my worthie freinds with 
 whome I live that certes (in my opinion) it weare great foUie in me toe refuse, and 
 
 VOL. I. E 
 
34 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 much iuhumanitie not in some sorte to congratulate, wch I can doe noe otherways 
 then by bestowinge my painfull & iudustriouse labor upon those little ones whome 
 they have soe willingly comitted unto" my charge. As touchiage the seconde I mean 
 condicions, what man is he that will loose a competent maintenance for twentie 
 marks and liis diet for one yeare, and afterwards (peradventure) be forced to seeke 
 \mtoe his olde freinds for anciant favour. Againe this yearly pencion (and I feare me 
 more) must be laide out in a goune, a bed & such like comodities and at the yeares 
 end (it may be) we must be constrained to packe them to London unto a broker and 
 loose halfe in halfe. Well these are noe such greate matters but M' Lymer might 
 easily have contained them within the compasse of a letter if it had pleased him, 
 allthoughe he say nay, and have saved me xx' in my puree. Againe good S'. pardon 
 me if 1 bee so bolde (for I speake for my selfe) whoe knoweth not, but this your 
 memorable act will be published farre and neare, and beiuge once knowne that you 
 afforde such maintenaunce and that is one in place of a yeares triall, howe manie 
 sutors shall you have in the behalfe of manie (more woorthie then myself e) whoe shall 
 use such persuasive retorique unto you, that I feare me will be little for my good. 
 These things considered (good S') liave hindered my cominge vnto you, and I humble 
 desire you not to take them in anie sinister respect, for I meaue nothinge but trueth' 
 & plaine sinceritie of hart. Thus with my humble duty remembered vnto you & 
 good M''' Allen, with my kindest salut : vnto M' Lymer I comitt you to god. 
 
 your worships ever to comande in what 
 he may. Eiciiakd Barlow, 
 Newport Pagnell 
 
 May the 2, Ann". 1617. 
 
 There was no difficulty, however, in finding a sclioolmaster, Mr. 
 Edward Young being appointed and admitted on the 20th June 1617. 
 
 On the 7th of August 1617, the parish of St. Botolph's, in answer to a 
 request from Alleyn, nominated three poor scholars in the following letter 
 (MSS. iii. IQ), which is endorsed, "The entreaty of S* buttolph w*out 
 " bishoppegate pish for receving y" children — granted " : — 
 
 To the worshipfull Edward AUin Esquire. 
 
 , After our very harty commendations wee the parson and parishioners of the parish 
 of S' Buttolph w'hout Bishopsgate London, wliose names are hereunder written, doe 
 hereby certefye you that as formerly we are oblidged unto you for yo"" Benevolence 
 Alreadye extended to some of our poore parishioners. So now (by yo"" further Bountye 
 Imboldened) accordinge to yo' prescription wee (with due consideration) have made 
 choyce of three children in our sayd parish whom (for God's cause) wee doe Intreat 
 you to accept of into yo' Schoole there to manifest yo"" works of mercy upon them to 
 the glory of god, yo' owne credit and ther comfort. The first of them is one Eichard 
 Merrydall about 10 years ould, the w^** childe is both fatherlesse and motherlesse 
 the second is Simon Waddup about 8 years of age whose father is both very lame & 
 past his labour, the third is one Thomas Shippey the Sonne of a woeful & a distressed 
 widdow & some 8 years oulde: of the w"* children may it please you to make 
 acceptance. Vf ee shall (and they much more) bee ever bounde to prayse "od for his 
 
1617.] ADMISSION OF POOR SCHOLARS. 35 
 
 godnes towards them extended by you of ■whom in most Intyre love wee take our 
 leave, this 7* of August Anno 1617. Eestinge. 
 
 yo' worP'. very loveinge ffrends 
 
 Steph. Gosson Kect. 
 
 Eaphe Pinder Depeutt. 
 
 Thomas Dennyng 
 
 Wm Whittwell 
 
 DoMiNicK Comely 
 
 [ churchwardens. 
 
 Sept. 
 
 6. Christopher Jackey „ 
 
 Sep. 
 
 6. Thomas Kayes „ 
 
 Sep. 
 
 6. Eichard Meridall of Bishopsgate 
 
 
 Thomas Shepey „ 
 
 
 Symon Waddup 
 
 Tliere is no document showing the nomination of the other boys, but 
 the register shows the following admissions : — 
 
 March 29. Henry Layton of S' Saviors Sept. 6. John Copland of S' Giles 
 
 Richard Chalfont „ 
 Eichard Pettifor , „ 
 Sept. 6. Eobert Man of Peckham 
 Edward Brazier of „ 
 Jo. Longs of DuUwich 
 
 died March y* 11. 
 Edw. Collins of Dull, in 
 Longs' place. 
 
 These were, in accordance with the scheme of foundation, selected from 
 the parishes named above, three from each, and though doubtless Alleyn 
 received many applications from other places and from other people, they 
 were all declined. 
 
 The following, from the Earl of Arundell, is among the number (MSS. 
 iii. 68) :— 
 
 M' Allayn wheras I am geuen to vnderstand that you are in hand w* an 
 hospitall for the succouring of poore old & the mainteynance & education of yong 
 and have now almost perfected yo' charitable worke, I am at y* instant request of 
 y* bearer to desire you to accept of a poore fatherless boy to be one of yo"^ number, of 
 whose age & necessitie this said bearer will better informe you, w'='' if you shall doe 
 at my request, I shall take kindely at yo' hands, and uppon occasion requite it & 
 rest 
 
 Yo' loving frend 
 
 T. Arundell. 
 Arundell house the xvij*" of Septemb. 1616. 
 
 On the 20tli September 1617, it is recorded that John Muggleton, one 
 of the poor bretbren from S* Botolph's, " after many admonishions for 
 " drunkeness and contrackt of mariag wase expeld." The contract was 
 doubtless with Sarah Sheppard, one of the poor sisters from Camberwell, 
 who is recorded as " went away to be marryed to Muggleton " in 
 September of the next year, 1618. 
 
 It seems that thus early Alleyn had resolved that at least the poor 
 
36 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 brethren and sisters should be single persons ; in the statutes which he 
 subsequently made, it was ordered that all the members of the foundation, 
 and also the servants, should be so, but up to that time there was of 
 course no law but AUeyn's will. 
 
 He, however, rejected a married man whom the parish of St. Botolph's 
 presented in the room of Muggleton, and they amended their presentation 
 in the following letter (MSS. iii. 78) : — 
 
 From the parish of 
 
 S' Botolphs Bishopsgate 
 London. 
 
 To the worshipful! Edward Allin Esquire 
 
 Our very harty commendations beinge rendered. Whereas the last weeke upon the 
 removall of Mugleston wee did commend unto you one John Woodhouse, who for 
 that hee hath a wife could not obtayne yo' acceptance to bee one of yo' Beadsmen. 
 Wee have therefore made choyce of one Edward CuUen the bearer heerof who is a 
 single man and hath longe time bin one of o'' pentioners and for hee is aged & there- 
 fore past his labour and w"'all knowne to vs to bee of good conversation wee are the 
 more Imbouldened to commend him to you, desireinge that you would bee pleased to 
 admit of him to bee a pticipator of yo' deede of Charitye not doubtinge but hee will 
 bee a very thankful! man both to god and you & so w'" our best wishes for yo' well- 
 fare wee take our leave this first of September 1617. 
 
 Yo"" worp* very loveinge ffrends 
 
 Stepii. Gosson Eect 
 
 Raphe PiNDERDeptt 
 
 Wm. Whittwell 1 , , , 
 
 DoMiNiCK Comely j churchwardens. 
 
 RiCHAED COWLAY 
 
 Samuell Fooed 
 Edmond Ansell 
 Waltee Stone. 
 
 From the date of this letter it would appear that Muggleton's expulsion had 
 taken place some time before the date of the entry of the fact in the register. 
 
 A similar discrepancy in dates occurs immediately afterwards, for on 
 the 7th October 1617, AUeyn enters in his account book, " Pd Cornelius 
 " LjTuare his pencion £6. 13. 4. :" whilst in the register book he is " gon " 
 on the 30th September. His place was not immediately filled up, but Mr. 
 Young, the schoolmaster, became " chapline and schoolemaster," being 
 assisted, however, by John Harrison, who was appointed Usher on the 20th 
 November 1617, and who is styled by AUeyn in his diary on the 24th 
 March 1617/8 " chapline and usher." Upon the 26th March 1618 Thomas 
 Hopkins was appointed the first organist. 
 
 These appointments were good enough so long as Alleyn lived, but in 
 
i6iS.] THE LETTERS PATENT. 37 
 
 order that the College might not collapse at his death under the statute of 
 mortmain, it was imperative that letters patent for its incorporation and 
 endowment should be procured. There were, however, difficulties in the 
 way, which perhaps were never anticipated, but Alleyn's Diary shows plainly 
 what zeal and pertinacity were required to remove them. 
 
 On the 3rd July 1618, Alleyn "rod to Tuchborne (the scrivener) in y* 
 " morning," when they " drwe up y° patten for y* corporacion," and on 
 the 8th he "went to M' Attorney's about my fowndacion." On the 11th 
 he "receved my pattent from M"" Attorney," who liberally refused to 
 accept any fee, but Alleyn paid £5. 10. to Mr. Beale, £l. 2. to "his 2 
 "men,", and "gave y° chamber keeper" 5s. 6d., being £6. 17. 6. in all. 
 On the 14th July he "rode to Wansted, wher y* markques off Bucking- 
 " hame vndertooke y° Kinge's hand " for him. Leaving the patent with 
 the Marquis, he sent Matthias Alleyn, his cousin, to Theobaldes on the 16th 
 " to fetch y® patent from my Lord off Buckingham." Matthias, however, 
 returned without it, as it had in the due course of business to be sent to 
 the Signet Office. The licence for the foundation was given on the 17th 
 July 1618 {Cal. State Papers, 1611-1618, p. 555); and on the 18th 
 Alleyn " rode to London," and took " water to y* Signett office att Whight 
 " Hall," a fruitless journey, which he repeated on the 22nd and on the 
 24th July. On the 3rd August he took a journey to "Winchester, probably 
 for the purpose of seeing the College there and examining its statutes ; 
 and on the 16th August he paid Mr. Anthony, one of the clerks of the 
 Privy Seal, £8, "for my pattent passing y* signett and prive seall." 
 Whether he then learnt for the first time that the opposition to his patent 
 proceeded from Francis Bacon, Lord Verulam, or whether he was pre- 
 viously aware of the fact, is not certain, but on the next day (the 17th 
 August) he "went to London to y° Lo: Chancellers about stayeing y' 
 " pattent." 
 
 Bacon, in his objections to the issue of the letters patent, only main- 
 tained the position which he had taken up several years before in con- 
 nection with the Charterhouse ; and the arguments which he then employed 
 in his letter to the king {Spedding, Life, vol. iv., edn. 1868, p. 247), to show 
 that foundations such as that of Sutton were productive of more harm than 
 good to the community, had equal force against Alleyn's design. In con- 
 sequence, probably, of AUeyn's visit, he wrote on the next day, the 18th 
 August, to the Marquis of Buckingham {Spedding, Life, vol. vi., edn. 1872, 
 p. 324), explaining why he had " stayed the Patent at the Great Seal." 
 He tells the Marquis, " I now write to give the King an account of a 
 " Patent I have stayed at the Seal : it is of license to give in mortmain 
 " £800 land, though it be of tenure in chief, to Allen that was the player, 
 " for an hospital. I like well that AUejm playeth the last act of his life 
 
38 
 
 HISTORY OF DVLWICH COLLEGE. 
 
 [a.d. 
 
 " so well ; but if his Majesty give way thus to amortize his tenures, the 
 " Court of wards will decay, which I had well hoped should improve. But 
 " that which moved me chiefly is that his Majesty now lately did abso- 
 " lutely deny Sir Henry Saville for £200, and Sir EdAvard Sandys for 
 " £100 to the perpetuating of two lectures, the one in Oxford, the other in 
 " Cambridge, foundations of singular honour to his Majesty and of which 
 " there is great want ; whereas hospitals abound, and beggars abound never 
 " a whit less. If his Majesty do like to pass the book at all, yet if he 
 " would be pleased to abridge the £800 to £500, and then give way to 
 " the other two books for the universities, it were a princely work, and I 
 " would make an humble suit to the King and desire your Lordship to 
 " join in it that it might be so." 
 
 Notwithstanding this powerful opposition, AUeyn did not despair, but 
 he visited the Lord Chancellor on the 29th August, and on the 18th 
 September he paid one shilling " for ingrosing a particuler of y* Capite 
 " lands to show my Lord Chanceller." On the 13th and 26th of October 
 he took " wine with Lord Chancellor's gentlemen," and there the matter 
 rested until the 14th January, when he had another interview with the 
 Lord Chancellor, but no result is stated. On the 26th of May 1619 Alleyn 
 records, " I rec. my patten one more off M' Attorney : giuen his men for 
 " he would take nothing £5. 13. 0. ; " and on the next day he "rode to 
 " Grenewich and gott y° K[ing]es hand." On the 7th June he " pd one 
 " more for y" signett and privie selle £5. 0. 0." The opposition of the 
 Lord Chancellor being apparently now overcome, the great seal was affixed 
 to the document on the 21st June 1619. On the 15th July Alleyn him- 
 self went " againe to Lor Chanceller " for it without success, but on the 
 next day, the IQth July, Matthias Alleyn at last " fetcht y^ great sealle." 
 
 Besides the expenses already paid, which were considerable, the final 
 payments were as follows : — 
 
 The charge of y' great seale. 
 
 y' scale .... 
 
 8 
 
 13 
 
 
 
 y* dockett and rec. . 
 
 
 
 03 
 
 
 
 y" inrowlmenfc 
 
 2 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 y* devident. 
 
 2 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 y° officers fee . 
 
 2 
 
 13 
 
 4 
 
 for drawing, ingrossmg and 
 
 
 
 
 entering y" dockett 
 
 
 
 03 
 
 4 
 
 vellome and strings 
 
 
 
 17 
 
 6 
 
 y* clarck .... 
 
 1 
 
 00 
 
 
 
 
 17 
 
 10 
 
 2 
 
 for vellome and ingrossiug of y" first patent 
 
 1 
 
 06 
 
 8 
 
 
 18 
 
 16 
 
 10 
 
i6i9.] THE LETTERS PATENT. 39 
 
 And for its better preservation five shillings were " p* to Tomsone for a boxe to keep 
 " itt in." (See Collier, Memoirs of Alleyn, pp. 139, 140.) 
 
 The Letters Patent from James the First 
 TO Edward Alleyn, Esq. 
 
 Dated 21st June, 17 James 1st, 1619. 
 
 James, by the Grace of God, Kinge of England, Scotland, France, and Ireland, 
 Defender of the Faith, &c.. To all to whome these psentts shall come greeting. Knowe 
 D Con sibi et ^^^ ^^^^ ^^^ °^* °^ ^^^ Spiall Grace and favour. Wee beare to our 
 
 he'red. Edro trustye and welbeloved Servante Edward Alleyn of Dulwich, in 
 
 Alleyn. Ar tangen. our Countie of Surrey, Esqr., Chief Master Euler and Overseer of 
 CoUeg de Gods all and singular our games of Beares, Bulla, Mastive Doggs and 
 
 Guylte in Dulwich Mastive Bitches, and of our certaine knowledge and meere mocon 
 Have graunted and given licence, and by these psents for us our 
 Heires and Successors, Doe graunte and give licence to the said Edward Alleyn, that 
 hee or after his decease, his Heirs, Executors, or Assignes, or every or any of them, for 
 and towards the relief, sustenance, and maintenance of Poore Men, Women and 
 Children, and the Educacon and Instruccon of the said poore Children may be 
 enabled and have full power and libertye at his and their wiUs and plesures to make, 
 found, erect, create and stablishe one CoUedge in Dulwich aforesaid, in our said 
 County of Surrey, which shall endure and rernaine for ever, and shall consist of one 
 Master, one Warden, fower Fellowes, sixe poore Bretheren, sixe poore Sisters and 
 twelve poore Schollers, to be mainteyned, susteyned, educated, guided, governed and 
 ruled according to such Ordinances, Statutes and Foundacon as shall bee made, sett 
 downe, established and ordayned by the said Edward Alleyn himselfe in his life time, 
 or any other pson or psons after his death, such as shall bee especially nominated, 
 deputed, and appointed thereunto by him the said Edward Alleyn in his life tyme, 
 under his hand and seale in writing, for the maintenance, sustenance, educacon, 
 instruccon, guiding, government and rule of the said Master, Warden, fower Fellowes, 
 sixe poore Bretheren, sixe poore Sisters and twelve poore SchoUers, and that the said 
 Edward Alleyn during his life and said other pson or psons soe to bee nomynated, 
 deputed, and appointed by him in his life tyme under his hand and seale in writing 
 as aforesaid, shall have fuU power and ample authority to ordayne, make, create, 
 establish and found Ordinances, Eules, Constitucons and Statutes, for the more better 
 and orderly maintenance, sustenance, educacon, instruccon, guiding, government, and 
 rule of the said Master, Warden, fower Fellowes, sixe poore Brethren, sixe poor 
 Sisters and twelve poore Schollers of the said CoUedge when and as often as need 
 shall require. And wee doe of our further grace and meere mocon will, ordaine, 
 nominate, and appointe that the said CoUedge soe as aforesaid to bee erected, founded, 
 created and established by the said Edward AUeyn, his Heirs, Executors, or Assigns 
 in Dulwich aforesaid, shall be called and named The CoUedge of God's Gift in 
 Dulwich, in the County of Surrey. And that the said Master, Warden, fower Fellowes, 
 sixe poore Brethren, six poore Sisters and twelve poore Schollers and ther Successors 
 when the same CoUedge shall be so created, founded, erected, and established as 
 aforesaid, shall bee in deede and name one Body Corporate and PoUtique and one 
 
40 
 
 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 perpetuall Cominallitye and shall have perpetuall succession for ever to endure. And 
 that the said Master, Warden, fower Fellowes, sixe poore Brethren, sixe poore Sisters 
 and twelve poor Schollers may sue and be sued, plead and be impleaded by and under 
 the name of the Master, Warden and fower Fellowes, sixe poore Brethren, sixe poore 
 Sisters and twelve poore Schollers of the CoUedge of God's Guifte in Dulwich, in the 
 County of Surrey, in, for, and concerning all and all manner of accons, suits, plaintes, 
 debtes, demaundes and causes whatsoever as well reall as psonall and mixte of what- 
 soever nature, kinde or qualitye they or any of them bee or may bee, before any 
 Judges spirituall or temporall, and other secular Justices and persons whatsoever; 
 and that the said Master, Warden, fower Fellowes, sixe poore Brethren, sixe poore 
 Sisters and twelve poore Schollers, and every of them shall and may, by virtue of 
 these psents, have a Comon Seale for the sealing, doeing, and performing of all Deeds, 
 Writings, Matters, and Things touching the said Colledge which said Seale they shall 
 and may lawfully break, alter, change and newe make as they shall thinke meete 
 from tyme to tyme. 
 
 And further, Wee of our like speciall grace certaine knowledge meere mocon and 
 at the himible reqiiest and peticon of the said Edward Alleyn Have given and 
 graunted, and by these psentes for us our Heires and Successors, doe give and graunte 
 to the said Master, Warden, fower Pellowes, six poore Brethren, sixe poore Sisters and 
 twelve poore Schollers of the said Colledge of God's Guift of Dulwich, in the said 
 Countye of Surrey especiall licence and free and lawfull liberty, power and authoritye 
 to gett, purchase, receive and take to them and their successors for ever, for the 
 maintenance, sustentacon and relief of the said Master, Warden, fower Fellowes, sixe 
 poore Brethren, sixe poore Sisters and twelve poore Schollers, and ther successors of and 
 from the said Edward Alleyn, his Heires and Assignees, All that the Manner or Lord- 
 shipp of Dulwich with all the rightts members Roialties and appurtenances thereunto 
 belonging or in anywise appteyning scituate and being in the pish of Camerwell in 
 our Countyes of Surrey and Kente or in either of them. And all that the Mannor 
 House or Capitall Messuage with the Lands and appurtenances thereunto belonging in 
 Dulwich aforesaid called Hall Place, alias Knowlis, And all those Lands, Woods and 
 Wast Grounds with the appurtenances called Eicotes als Kigates in Dulwich afore- 
 said. And also All other the Manners, Messuages, Lands, Tents and hereditaments 
 whatsoever which the said Edward Alleyn lately pui'chased of Sir Francis Calton, 
 Knt, in Dulwich aforesaid. And also, all those eight messuages, tenements and 
 hereditaments, with the appurtenances and forty five acres of Land, be it more or 
 lesse, to the said messuages or tenements, belonging or appteyning sometime pcell of 
 the freehold and coppiehold lands of the said Mannor of Dulwich,°scituate, lyeing and 
 being in severall places in Dulwich aforesaid, and called by the severall names of 
 Howlettes, Eicotes als Eigates, Kappes and Stony Nappes, lately bought and purchased 
 by the said Edward Alleyn of Sir Edmond Bowyer, Knight. And also that messuacre 
 or tenement with the appurtenances and fourteene acres of land, be it more or lesse 
 thereunto belonging, sometymes pcell of the copiehold lands of the said Mannor of 
 Dulwich, lately bought and purchased by the said Edward Alleyn of John Bowyer, 
 Esq'. And also, all those fower messuages or tents and hereditaments with ther 
 and every of ther apptenances in Dulwich aforesaid, and three score and sixteene acres 
 of land, be it more or lesse, thereunto belonging, the which said fower messuages or 
 tents and lands are called by the names of Great Bornes, North Croftes, Carter's°Hall 
 Addington's Meade, Great and Little Brownings, and Carter's Garden, or by what 
 other names soever they are called or knowne, lately purchased by the 'said Edward 
 
1619.J THE LETTERS PATENT. 41 
 
 Alleyne, of Thomas Calton Gent, brother of the said Sir Francis Calton, and Anne his 
 wife, and of Henry Farre, in the County of Essex, Gent, and Prudence his wife being 
 sometyme pcell of the copiehold lands of the said Mannor of Dulwich. And also, all 
 that messuage or tent with the apptenances and thirteen acres of land, be it more or 
 lesse, thereunto belonging, called JPerriefield in Dulwich aforesaid, being pte of the 
 freehold lands of the said Mannor of Dulwich which the saide Edward Alleyne lately 
 bought and purchased of on Thomas Turner, of London, Gent. And also, ail those three 
 messuages or tents with the apptenances and twenty fower acres of land, be it more 
 or lesse, thereunto belonging in Dulwich aforesaid, being sometyme pt of the freehold 
 and copiehold lands of the said Mannor of Dulwich which the said Edward Alleyn 
 lately bought and purchased of EUys Parry, of London, silkweaver. And also aU that 
 messuage or tent with the apptenances and thirteene acres of land, be it more or lesse, 
 thereunto belonging in Dulwich aforesayed, sometymes pcell of the copyehold lands 
 belonging to the said Mannor of Dulwich, and which the said Edward Alleyn lately 
 bought and purchased of John Bury of Dulwich aforesaid, yeoman. And also, all that 
 messuage or tent with the apptenances in Dulwich aforesaid, and seaven acres of 
 land, be it more or lesse, thereunto belonging, called Kenalls, being sometyme pt of 
 the free and copiehold lands of the said Mannor of Dulwich aforesaid, which the said 
 Edward Alleyn lately bought and purchased of Thomas Emerson, Esq'. And alsoe, 
 all those messuages or teiits with the apptenances in Dulwich aforesaid, and nine acres 
 of land, be it more or less, thereunto belonging, being sometime pcell of the copiehold 
 land of the said Mannor of Dulwich, which the said Edward Alleyn lately bought and 
 purchased of John Ewen, of Dulwich aforesaid, yeoman. And also, all that messuage 
 or tent with the apptenances and forty five acres of land, be it more or lesse, there- 
 unto belonging in Dulwich aforesaid, being sometymes pcell of the copiehold lands be- 
 longing to the said Mannor of Dulwich and of late in the tenure or occupacon of John 
 Townely, Esq', deceased. And alsoe, all those eighteene acres of pasture ground or 
 thereabout, in the parishe of Lambeth in our said County of Surrey, and which the said 
 Edward Alleyne lately bought and purchased of Sir Edward Dute, Knight. And also, 
 all those messuages, lands, tents and hereditaments with the apptenances in the 
 pish of Saincte Butolphes without, Bishoppsgate, London, which descended and came to 
 the said Edward Alleyne by and from his father Edward Alleyne, Gent, deceassed, late 
 servante to our late deare Sister Queene Elizabeth, of famous memory, deceased. And 
 alsoe, all those messuages, lands, tents, gardens, hereditaments and buildings of our 
 said servante Edward Alleyn, called or known by the name of the Fortune, scituate and 
 being in Whitecrosse Streete & Golding Lane, in that part of the pish of S*. Gyles 
 without, Greplegate, London, which is within the County of Midc^ which the said 
 Edward Alleyn lately bought and purchased of Danyell Gill, of the Isle of Man, and 
 others. And also, all and singuler the Manners, messuages, lande, tents and heredita- 
 ments with the apptenances of our said Sei-vant Edward Alleyn in Dulwich, Camerwell 
 and Lambeth, in our Countyes of Surrey and Kente, or ether of them, and in the 
 pishe of S'. Butolphes without Bishoppsgate, London, and in Whitecrosse Streete and 
 Golding Lane, in the pt of the parishe of S'. Giles without, Greplegate, London, which 
 is in our said County of Midd, and elsewhere soever, within the Eealme of England, with 
 all and singular their rights, members and apptenances whatsoever, or any such and 
 soe many and such pte of the said Manners, messuages, lands, tents, and hereditaments, 
 as the said Edward Alleyn shall think meete. And alsoe, all the Lf es Patente, Inden- 
 tures, Deeds, Evidences, Bonds and Writings concerning the premises or any of them, 
 which shall be soe given and graunted by the said Edward Alleyn to the sayd Master, 
 
 VOL. I. F 
 
42 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 Warden, fower Fellowes, sixe poore Brethren, sixe poore Sisters, and twelve poore 
 SchoUers of the said CoUedge and Hospitall of God's Guifte in Dulwich in the County 
 of Surrey, soe to be created, founded, erected and stablished as aforesaid, and ther 
 successors and all such condicons, warrants, vouchers, accons, suitts, entries, henefitts 
 and demandes as shall or may be had by any pson or psons upon or by reason of 
 them or any of them, although the premisses or any of them be holden of us 
 imediately in Cheife, or by Knight's Service or otherwise howsoever, and without any 
 licence or pardon of or for alienacon of them or any of them. The statute of Mort- 
 maine or any other Act, Statute, Ordynance or Provision to the contrary thereof in 
 anywise notwithstanding. And also. We doe of our further grace and favour and of 
 our meere mocon and certains knowledge for us, our Heires and Successors, give and 
 graunt by these presents like license, power and authority unto the said Edward 
 Alleyne his Heires and Assigues, to give, graunte and assure unto the said Master, 
 Warden, fower Fellowes, sixe poore Brethren, sixe poore Sisters and twelve poore 
 Schollers of the said CoUedge of God's Guift in Dulwich, in the County aforesaid, so 
 to be created, founded, erected and stablished as aforesaid, and ther successors, for 
 the uses, intentts and purposes aforesaid, all that the said Mannor or Lordshipp of 
 Dulwich, with all the rights members, Eoialtyes and apptenances thereunto belonging, 
 or in anywise appteyning, scituate and being in the pishe of Camerwell in our 
 Countyes of Surrey and Kente or in ether of them ; and all that the said Mannor 
 Howse or cappittale messuage, with all the lands and apptenances thereunto belong- 
 ing in Dulwich aforesaid, called Hall Place als Knowlis, and all those lands, woods, 
 and wast grounds with the apptenances called Pdcotts, als Eigattes, in Dulwich afore- 
 said. And alsoe, all other the said Manners, messuages, lands, tents, and heredita- 
 ments whatsoever, which the said Edward Alleyn lately purchased of Sir Francis 
 Calton, Knight, in Dulwich aforesaid. And also, all those eight messuages or tents 
 and hereditaments with the apptenances, and forty five acres of land, be it more or 
 lesse to the said messuages or tents belonging or apptayning, scituate, lying and being 
 in severall places in Dulwich aforesaid, and called by the severall names of Howletts, 
 Eycotts als fiygates, Kappes and Stony Nappes and lately bought and purchased by 
 the said Edward Alleyn of Sir Edmond Bowyer, Knight. And also, all that said 
 messuage or tent with the apptenances and fourteene acres of land, be it more or less, 
 thereunto belonging, sotnetyme pcell of the copyhold land of the said Mannor of 
 Dulwich, lately bought and purchased by the said Edward Alleyn of John Bowyer, 
 Esq'. And also all those said fower messuages or tents and hereditaments, with ther 
 and every of ther apptenances in Dulwich aforesaid, and threescore and sixteene acres 
 of land, be it more or lesse, thereunto belonging, the which said fower messuages or 
 tents and land are called Great Bornes, North Crofts, Carter's HaU, Addington's Meade, 
 Great and Little Brownings and Carter's Garden, or by what other names soever, lately 
 purchased by the said Edward AUeyn of Thomas Calton, Gent, brother of the said Sir 
 Francis Calton and Anne his Wife, and of Henry Farre, in the County of Essex, Gent, 
 and Prudence his Wife. And also, all that said messuage or tent with the appten- 
 ance and thirteen acres of land, be it more or lesse, thereunto belonointr called Perrie- 
 field in Dulwich aforesaid, which the said Edward Alleyn lately bought and purchased 
 of on Thomas Turner, of London, Gent. And also, all those said three messuages or 
 tents and hereditaments with the apptenances, with twenty and fower acres of^land 
 be it more or lesse, thereunto belonging in Dulwich aforesaid, which the said Edward 
 Alleyn lately bought and purchased of Ellis Parrie, of London, silk weaver And 
 also, all that the said messuage or tent with the apptenances, and thirteene acres of 
 
i6i9.] THE LETTERS PATENT. 43 
 
 land, be it more or lesse thereunto belonging ia Dulwich aforesaidj sometyme pceU of 
 the copiehold lands belonging to the said Manner of Dulwich aforesaid, and which the 
 said Edward Alleyn lately bought and purchased of John Bury of Dulwich aforesaid, 
 yeoman. And also, all that the said messuage or tent with the appurtenances 
 in Dulwich aforesaid, and five acres of land, be it more or lesse, thereunto 
 belonging called Kenalls, which the said Edward Alleyn bought and purchased 
 of Thomas Emerson, Esq'. And alsoe, all those said messuages or tents in 
 Dulwich aforesaid, and nine acres of land, he it more or lesse, thereunto belonging, 
 which the said Edward Alleyn lately bought and purchased of John Ewen, of Dulwich 
 aforesaid yeoman. And also, all that the said messuage or tent with the apptenances, 
 and forty fyve acres of land, be it more or lesse, thereunto belonging in Dulwich 
 aforesaid being sometymes pcell of the copiehold lands belonging to the said Manner 
 of Dulwich, of late in the tenure or occupacon of John Townley, Esq"", deceased. And 
 also, all those sayd eighteene acres of pasture ground or thereabouts, in the pish of 
 Lambeth, in our said County of Surrey and which the said Edward Alleyn lately 
 bought and purchased of Sir Edward Duke, Knight. And also, all those said 
 messuages, lands, tents and heriditaments with the apptenances, in the pishe of S' 
 Butolphes without, Bishopsgate, which descended and came to the said Edward Alleyn 
 by and from his said father Edward Alleyn, Gent, deceased. And also, all those said 
 messuages, lands, tents, gardens, hereditaments and buildings of the said Edward 
 Alleyn, called or knowne by the name of The Fortune, scituate and being in White- 
 crosse Streete, and Golding Lane, in that pt of the parish of Sainte Gyles without, 
 Creplegate, London, which is in our said County of Midd, which the said Edward 
 Alleyn lately bought and purchased of Daniell Gill, of the Isle of Man and others. 
 And also all and singular the Manners, messuages, lands, tents and hereditaments with 
 the apptenances, of the said Edward Alleyn, in Dulwich, Camerwell and Lambeth, in 
 our Countyes of Surrey and Kente, or in either of them, and in the pishe of Sainte 
 Butolphes without Bishopsgate, London, and in Whitecrosse Streete and Golding 
 Lane in that pt of the pishe of Sainte Gyles without, Creplegate, London, which is 
 in our said County of Midd and elsewhere, within the Realme of England, with aU 
 and singular ther rightts members and apptenance whatsoever, or any such and so 
 many, and such pt of the said Manners, mesuages, lands, tents and hereditamentes, or 
 of any pte thereof, as the said Edward Alleyn shall thinke meete. And also all 
 Letters Patentts, Indentures, Deedes, Evidences, Bonds and Writings, concerning 
 the premisses or any of them which shall be so given or granted by the said Edward 
 Alleyn to the said Master, Warden, fewer EeUowes, sixe poere Brethren, sixe poere 
 Sisters and twelve poere Schollers of the said Colledge of God's Guift in Dulwich in the 
 said County of Surrey see to be created, founded, erected and established as aforesaid, 
 and ther successors and all such condicons, warrants, vouchers, accons, suits, entries, 
 benefitts and demands as shall be or may be had by any psen or psons uppon or by 
 reason of them or any of them, although the premises or any of them be holden of us 
 immediately in Cheife or by Knight's Service or otherwise howsoever, and without 
 any licence or pardon for alienacen of them or any of them, the Statute of Mortmaine 
 or any other Acte, Statute, Ordinance or pvisien to the contrary thereof in anywise 
 notwithstanding, and of our more ample and abpundant grace certaine knowledge and 
 meere mocon Wee have graunted and given licence, and by these presents for us 
 our heires and successors doe graunte and give licence and authoritye to the said 
 Edward Alleyn as long as he shall live and after his death to such psen or psons as 
 hee shall in his life tyme noniat, depute and appoint under his hand and Scale in 
 
44 
 
 IlISTOR Y OF DUL WJCH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 writing, and to every or any of them from tyme to tyme and as often as need shall 
 require to make, ordaine, constitute and establish Statutes, Ordinances, Constitucons 
 and Eules for the good and better maintenance, sustinance, releife, educacon, govern- 
 ment and ordering as well of the said CoUedge so to be created, erected, founded and 
 established as aforesaid as of the said Master, "Warden, fower Fellowes, sixe poore 
 Brethren, sixe poore Sisters and twelve poore SchoUers and their successors for ever. 
 And alsoe of all and every the said Manners, messuages, lands, tents and heredita- 
 ments herein formerly menconed, and the rentts, issues, revenues and profitts of the 
 same, and that the said Statutes, Ordinances, Constitucons and Eules, so by him, 
 them or any of them, to be made ordeyned or constituted, shall, for ever, and in all 
 succeeding tymes, stand, be and remaine inviolable and in full force and strength in 
 lawe to all construccons, intents and purposes, the same being not repugnant to our 
 Prerogative Eoiall, nor contrary to the Lawes and Statutes of this our Eealme of Eng- 
 land, nor any of the Ecclesiasticall Lawes Cannons or Constitucons of the Church 
 of England which then shall be in force. And lastly — We doe of our further 
 grace and favour, and of our meer mocon and certaine knowledge, and at the humble 
 peticon and request of the said Edward Alleyn, create, nominate, ordayne and 
 appointe our right trustye and wellbeloved councillor George, nowe Archbisshoppe of 
 Canterbury, for and during his life, and after his death the Archbisshoppe of 
 Canterbury for the tyme being in all succeeding tymes to come for ever to be the 
 visitor of the said CoUedge and to have full power and lawfuU authority, [in] the 
 same CoUedge and the psons therein being to visit, order and punish according to 
 the Ecclesiasticall Lawes and Constitucons of this our Eealme of England, and 
 according to such Lawes, Constitucons and Ordinances as shall be made, ordeyned and 
 constituted by the said Edward Alleyn in his life tyme or after his death by any other 
 pson or psons to be nominated, deputed or appoynted thereunto by him in his life 
 tyme, under liis hand and scale in writing as aforesaid. Although expresse mencon of 
 the true yearly value or certaintye of the premisses or any of them, or of any other 
 guift or Graunte by us or by any progenitors or predecessors to the said Edward 
 Alleyn before this tyme made in these presents is not made or any Act, Statute, 
 Ordinance, Provision, Proclamacon or restraint heretofore had, made, ordayned or 
 provided, or any other matter cause or thing whatsoever to the contrarye thereof in 
 anywise notwithstanding. In witnes whereof We have caused these our Lfs to be 
 made Patentts. 
 
 Witness Ourselfe att Westminster the one and twentieth day of June in the 17"' 
 year of our reign of England, France and Ireland and of Scotland the two and fiftieth. 
 
 See MSS v. 29 & Muniment 581. 
 
 During the progress of these negotiations Alleyn by no means neglected 
 the internal affairs of the College. He records in his diary various parti- 
 culars as to the old men and vs^omen. Several of them died, and their places 
 were regularly filled up ; some of the poor scholars were also apprenticed. 
 
 On the 29th September 1618 the preachership, which had been 
 vacant since the retirement of CorneHus Lymer on the 30th September 
 1617, was given to Samuel Wilson, probably a relative of the Rev. Edward 
 Wilson, the vicar of Camberwell. On the same day Edward Young, the 
 schoolmaster, left, and John Harrison was promoted to that office, Martin 
 
i6i9.] FOUNDATION OF THE COLLEGE. 45 
 
 Symonds being appointed usher in his stead, Thomas Hopkins still remain- 
 ing organist. 
 
 During the year 1618 three of the poor brethren died ; and though 
 it would seem from the diary that one of them at least was buried in 
 the cemetery, the register does not record the fact. Two daughters of 
 Matthias Alleyn, afterwards the first warden, were buried, viz. Jude on the 
 28th June, and Frances (who had been baptized on the 26th January) on 
 the 6th February 1618/9. 
 
 In 1619 the diary records that Mr. Wilson, the preacher, absented 
 himseK for two weeks in July without leave, for which he was fined two 
 weeks' salary, and that ten shiUirigs were deducted from Mr. Harrison, the 
 schoolmaster, " lacking certayne dwtyes by Him to be done." 
 
 Early in this year, arrangements were also, no doubt, made with 
 Thomas Alleyn barber surgeon,, the founder's cousin, and with Matthias 
 Alleyn, also his cousin, who seems to have resided at Dulwich, and to have 
 acted in many ways for him, whereby they were to be respectively the 
 first master and warden of the College, though during Edward AUeyn's life 
 they took no official part in its management. 
 
 The patent being obtained and all being ready, Alleyn on the 2nd 
 August 1619 "rode to Croydon to y* Lo: of Canterbury," probably on the 
 subject of the foundation, and on the 6th August he " dind w. my Lo: of 
 " Canterbury and red to hym y° Corporacion and fowndacion." On the 
 10th Sept : he " rode to London to envit Lordes to y° creacion," on the 12th 
 he "rode to y* Lo: of Canterbury but he wase sick and cowld nott 
 " com." and finally on the 13th September 1619 he enters in his diary, 
 
 " This daye wase y® fowndacion ofi" y* Colledge finish and ther wear 
 " present y° Lord Chancellore : y* Lo of Arondell, Lo Coronell Ciecell : S' 
 " Jo Howland, Highe Shreue : S' Ed: Bowyare : S' Tho. Grymes : S'' Jo. 
 " Bodley : S'' Jo Tunstall : Inigo Jones, y° Kinges Surveyer : Jo Finch, 
 " Counceller : Ric. Tayleboyce : Eic. Jones : Jo Anthony. They first 
 " herd a sermond, and after y* instrument of creacion wase by me read and 
 " after an anthem they went to dinner." 
 
 A fist of the courses follows, together with " the charg off y° diner," for 
 which the reader is referred to the diary. 
 
 The deed of foundation, read and subscribed by Alleyn on this occasion, 
 is as follows : — 
 
 In the name of God : Amen. To all true Christian People to whome this present 
 writing quadrupartite shall come : I, Edward Alleyn, of Dulwich in the countie of 
 Surrey, Esquire, send greeting in our Lord God everlastinge. "Whereas our Soveraigne 
 Lord James, by the Grace of God, Kinge of England, Scotland, Fraunce, and Ireland, 
 Defender of the Faith, &c., by his Highnes Lfes Patentes, under his great Seale of 
 England, bearing date at Westminster, the one and twentieth day of June, in the 
 
46 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 yeares of his Eaigne of Englande, Fraunce, and Ireland y* seaventeenth ; and of 
 Scotland the two and fifteth ; did of his especial grace, certain knowledge and meere 
 mocon, for him, his Heires Successors amongst other things, graunt and give licence to 
 me, the said Edward AUeyn, that, I, or after my decease, my Heires, Executors or 
 Assignes, or every or any of them, for, and towardes the reliefe, sustenance, and 
 maintenance of poore Men, "Women, and Children ; and for the instruccon of the said 
 poore Children, to be inabled and to haue full power and libertie, at mine and mine 
 Heires, Executors, and Assignes will and pleasure, to make, found, erect, create and 
 stablish one CoUedge in Dulwich, aforesaid, in the said County of Surrey, which shall 
 endure and remaine for ever ; and shall consist of one M"^, one Warden, fower EeUowes, 
 sixe poore Brethren, sixe poore Sisters, and twelve poore SchoUers to be maintained, 
 susteyned, educated, guided, governed and ruled according to such ordinances, statutes 
 and foundation, as shalbe made, set downe, established, and ordained by me, the said 
 Edward Alleyn, in my life time or by any other pson or psons after my decease : 
 such as shall be specially nomiated, deputed and appointed, thereunto by me the said 
 Edward Alleyn, in my life time, under my hand and seale in wrytinge, for the main- 
 tenance, sustenance, educacon, instruccon, guiding, government, and rule of the said 
 Master, "Warden, fower EeUowes, sixe poore brothers, sixe poore Sisters, and twelve 
 poore Schollers. And our said Soveraigne Lord, King James, by the said Lfes 
 Patente, of his further grace and meere mocon, did will, ordayne, noiate and appoint, 
 that the said Colledge, so as aforesaid to be erected, founded, created, and established 
 by me, the said Edward Alleyn my heires. Executors or Assignes in Dulwich, afore- 
 said, shalbe called [and named] The Colledge of Gods Guift, in Dulwich, in the countie 
 of Surrey ; and that the said Master, "Warden, fower Fellowes, sixe poore Brethren, 
 six poore Sisters, and twelve poore SchoUers and their Successors, when the same 
 Colledge shalbe soe created, founded, erected and established, as aforesaid, shalbe in 
 deed and name one body corporate and politique, and one ppetuall cominalty, and 
 shaU haue ppetuall succession for ever to endure ; and' that the said Master, Warden, 
 fower EeUowes, sixe poore Brethren, six poore Sisters, and twelve poore Schollers, 
 may sue and be sued, plead and be impleaded, by and under the name of the Mr, 
 Warden, fower Fellowes, sixe poore Brethren, sixe poore Sisters, and twelve poore 
 Schollers, of the Colledge of Gods Guift, in Dulwich, in the Countie of Surrey, in for 
 and concerninge aU and all manner of accons, suits, plaints, debts, demaunds and 
 causes whatsoever, as weU reaU as psonall, and mixt of whatsoever nature, kind or 
 quaUtie, they or any of them may be before any Judges, spirituaU or temporaU, and 
 other seculer Justices, and psons whatsoever: and that the sfiid Master, Warden, 
 fower EeUowes, sixe poore Brethren, sixe poore Sisters, and twelve poore Schollers, of 
 the said CoUedge, and ewy of them, shall and may have a comon Seale, for the seal- 
 ing, doing, and pforminge of aU Deedes, Writings, Matters and things touching the 
 said CoUedge, which said Seale they shall and may lawfully breake, alter, change, and 
 new mark as they shaU thinck meete from time to time. And Whereas our' said 
 Soveraigne Lord Eang James by his said Lfes Patents, did, further of his Uke speciall 
 grace, certain knowledge, and meere mocon, and at the humble peticon of me the said 
 Edward AUeyn, give and graunt for him, his Heires and Successors especiall licence, 
 and free and lawfuU libertie, power, and authoritie to the said Master, Warden, fower 
 EeUowes, sixe poore Brethren, six poore Sisters, and twelve poore SchoUers [of the 
 said CoUedge], to get, purchase, take and receave, to them and their successors for 
 ever, for the maintenaunce, sustenance and reUef, of the said M'., Warden fower 
 EeUowes, sixe poore Brethren, sixe poore Sisters, and twelve poore SchoUers and their 
 
i6i9.] FOUNDATION OF THE COLLEGE. 47 
 
 successors, of and from me the said Edward Alleyn, my Heires and Assignes, all and 
 singular the Manners, messuages, lands, tents and hereditam", with the apptenances, 
 as are at large spiecf, menconed, recited and conteyned. in the said Lfes Patents, or 
 any such and so many and such parte of the said Mannors, messuages, lands, tents 
 and hereditam", as I, the said Edward Alleyn, shall thinck meete. And whereas our 
 said Soveraigne Lord King James, by the said Lfes Patente of his more ample and 
 aboundant grace, certaine knowledge, and meere mocon, did graunt and give licence, 
 for him, his Heires and Successors, to me the said Edward Alleyn as long as I shall 
 live, and, after my death, to such pson or psons as I, the said Edward Alleyn, shall 
 in my life time noiate, depute and appoint, under my hand and Seale in wrytinge, 
 and to every or any of them from time to time, and as often as need shall require, to 
 make, ordayne, constitute and establish, statutes, ordinances, constitucons and rules, 
 for the good and better maintenance, susteynance and reliefe, educacon, government 
 and orderinge as well of the said CoUedge, so to be created, erected, founded and 
 established, as aforesaid as of the said Master, Warden, fower Fellowes, sixe poore 
 Brethren, sixe poore Sisters, and twelve poore Schollers, and ther successors for ever : 
 and also of all and every the said Mannors, messuages, lands, tents and hereditam" in 
 the said Lies Patente formerly menconed, and the rents, issues, revenewes and profitts 
 of the same ; and that the [said] statutes, ordinances, constitucons and rules, so by me 
 the said Edward Alleyn, in my life time, or by the said other psons or any of them 
 after my decease, to be made, ordeyned, or constituted shall for ever, and in all suc- 
 ceeding times, stand, be and remaine inviolable, and in full force and strength in law, 
 to all construccons, intents and purposes: the same being not repugnant to the 
 proerogative roiall of our said Soveraigne Lord the Kinges Ma"°, nor contrary to the 
 Lawes and Statutes of this his highnes Eealme of England, nor any the Ecclesiasticall 
 Lawes, cannons, or institucons of the Church of England which then shalbe in force, 
 as by the said Lres Patents, whereunto reference being had amongst other things 
 more at large it doth and may appeare. Now Knowe yee that to the honor and glorie 
 of Almightie God, and in a thankfull remembrance of his Guift and blessings 
 bestowed upon me the said Edward Alleyn, and for the better maintenaunce, educacon, 
 relief and sustenance of poore and needy people. Men, Women and Children, of the 
 severall pishes of S' Buttolphes, without Bishoppesgate, London, of S' Saviour's in 
 Southwarke of that pte of the pish of S' Giles without Creplegate, London, ■which is in 
 the Countie of Midd, and of the pish of Camerwell in the said County of Surrey, and 
 I the said Edward Alleyn, by vertue and force of the said Lfes Patent, and by the 
 power and authoritie therelay to me graunted and given by our said Soveraigne Lord 
 King James, doe by this my psent wrytinge quadruptite, bearinge date the thirteenth 
 of September, in this pnte seaventeenth yeare of the raigne of o' said Soveraigne Lord 
 King James, make, found, erect, create and establish one Colledge in Dulwich, afore- 
 said, in the said Countie of Surrey, which shall endure and remayne for ever and shall 
 consist of one Mr, one Warden, fower Fellowes, six poore Brethren, six poore Sisters 
 and twelve poor Schollers. And also, I the said Edward AUeyn, accordiuge to the 
 libertie and power given me by the said Lfes Patents, doe by this pnte wryting 
 quadruptite, make, found, erect and establish Thomas Alleyn, Citizen and Barbor 
 Surgeon of London, to be the first Mr of the said Colledge; Mathias Alleyn, of 
 Dulwich, aforesaid, Gent, to be the first Warden of the said Colledge; Samuell 
 Willson M"" of Artes ; John Harrison M'' of Artes ; Martin Simons, Clarke ; Thomas 
 Hopkins, Organist, to be the first 4 Fellowes of the said Colledge ; James Sanders, 
 John Jones, Henry Phillipps, John Colebrane, WalterBoane, Nicholas Kendall, to ba 
 
48 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 the first sixe poore Brethren of the said Colledge, Margarett Chapman, Magdalen Lee, 
 Alice Man, Anne Kirton, Thomasin Stanley, Margart Barrett, to be the first sixe poore 
 Sisters of the said CoUedge ; and Richard Meridale, Thomas Shippey, Simon Waddopp, 
 Christopher Jackey, Thomas Keyes, Henry Leyton, John Copland, Richard Chalfont, 
 Richard Pettifer, Robert Man, Edward Brasier, and Edward CoUins, to be the first 
 twelve poore SchoUers of the said CoUedge. And I give and graunt to the said 
 Thomas Alleyn the M"', Matthias AUeyn the Warden, Samuell Wilson, John Harrison, 
 Martin Simons, Thomas Hopkins, the fower Fellowes, James Sanders, John Jones, 
 Henry PhiUipps, John Colbrane, Walter Boane, ISTicholas Kendall, the sixe poore 
 Brethren, Margaret Chapman, Magdalen Lee, Alice Man, Anne Kirton, Thomasin 
 Stanley, Margaret Barrett, the sixe poore Sisters, and the said Richard Meridall, 
 Thomas Shippey, Simon Waddop, Christopher Jackey, Thomas Keyes, Henry Leyton, 
 John Copland, Richard Chalfont, Richard Pettifer, Robert Man, Edward Brasier, and 
 Edward CoUins, the twelve poore SchoUers of the said Colledge ye offices and places 
 aforesaid. To have and to hold the offices and places [aforesaid] in the said Colledge, 
 to them the said Thomas Alleyn, Mathias Alleyn, Samuel Wilson, John Harrison, 
 Martin Simons, Thomas Hopkins, James Sanders, John Jones, Henry Phillips, John 
 Colebrane, Walter Boane, Nicholas Kendall, Margaret Chapraan, Magdalen Lee, Alice 
 Man, Anne Kirton, Thomasin Stanley, Margarett Barrett, Richard Meridall, Thomas 
 Shippey, Simon Waddoppe, Christopher Jackey, Thomas Keyes, Heniy Leyton, John 
 Copland, Richard Chalfont, Richard Pettifer, Robert Man, Edwarde Brasier, and 
 Edward CoUins, and their successors, in the same offices and places in ppetual 
 succession for ever, according to such statutes, ordinances, constitucons and rules, as 
 shaU hereafter be made, ordeyned, constituted, and established by me the said Edward 
 Alleyn, in my life time, or by any other pson or psons after my death, such 
 as I shaU noiate, depute, or appoint hereunto, under my hand and Scale in 
 Wrytinge in my life time. And Further I the said EJward AUeyn, by vertue 
 and force of the said Lfes Patents, and of the power and authoritie thereby to me 
 given, do make, found, create, erect and stablish, as foUoweth, that is to sale, that the 
 said Colledge shall for ever be called and named the " Colledge of God's Guift " in 
 Dulwich, in the County of Surrey ; and that the said M', Warden, fewer FeUowes, 
 sixe poore Brethren, sixe poore Sisters, and twelve poore SchoUers of the said CoUedge 
 and their Successors, shalbe in deed and name one body Corporate and Politique, and 
 one ppetual cominalty, and shall have ppetual succession for ever to endure. And 
 that the said M', Warden, fower FeUowes, sixe poore Brethren, sixe poore Sisters, and 
 twelve poore SchoUers of the said Colledge, and their Successors, may sue and be 
 sued, plead and be pleaded, by and under the name of the M', Warden, fower FeUowes, 
 sixe poore Brethren, sixe poore Sisters, and twelve poore SchoUers of' the CoUedf^e of 
 Gods Guift, in Dulwich, in the countie of Surrey, in for and concerning all and all 
 manner of accons, suits, plaints, debts, demaundes and causes whatsoev, as well reall 
 as psonaU, and mixt of whatsoev nature, kinde, or qualitie they or any'of them may 
 be, before any Judges spirituall or temporaU, and other secular justices and psoiis 
 whatsoever and that the said M', Warden, fower FeUowes, sixe poore Brethren sixe 
 poore Sisters, and twelve poore SchoUers of the said Colledge and theh successors and 
 ewy of them, shaU have a comon Seale for the sealing, doeing, and nformincr of aU 
 Deedes, Wrytings, Matters, and things touching the said Colledge, which said Seale 
 they shaU and may lawfully breake, alter, chaunge, and new marke as they shall 
 thmck meete from time to time ; and that the said M', Warden fower FeUowes sixe 
 poore Brethren, si.xe poore Sisters, and twelve poore SchoUers of the said CoUedge and 
 
iCi9.] FOUNDATION OF THE COLLEGE. 49 
 
 their Successors, shalbe psons enabled and capable in Lawe, iu right and name of tlie 
 said Colledge, and for the maintenance, sustenance and reliefe of them the said M*", 
 Warden, fowec Fellowes, sixe poore Brethren, sixe poore Sisters, -and twelve poore 
 Schollers of the said Colledge, and their Successors, to gett, purchase, receave and 
 take to them and their Successors for ever, of and from me the said Edward AUeyn 
 my Heirs and Assigns, all and singular the Mannors, messuage lands, tefite and 
 hereditament, with the apptenances as are at hirdge spied, menconed, recited and 
 conteyned in the said Lfes patents, or any such and so many, and such part of tlie 
 said Manners, messuages, lands, teilts and hereditament, as I the said Edv/ard AUeyn 
 shall think meete. In Witnes whereof, and that this my making, foundation erection, 
 creation and establishing of the said CoUecige, may the better and more safely be kept 
 conteyned and be had in ppetual remembrance for aU tymes to come, I the said 
 Edward Alleyn have caused this Wrytiug quadruptite, to be made and written, and 
 have subscribed my name and set my Scale to eveiy pte thereof, the said thirteenth 
 day of September in the yeare of the raigiie of our said souraigne Lord King James of 
 England, Praunce and Ireland, the seaveutecnth, and of Scotland the three and 
 liftieth ; and one originall of this said quadruptite Deede, I will and doe assigne by ' 
 these puts, to remaine, and be kept contynually in the comon chest of the said 
 Colledge, where the [other] evidences of the said Colledge are to be and remayn. 
 The second pte thereof to remaine and continually to be kept in the Vestrie of ye 
 pisli Churcli of S' Buttolphes without Eishoppsgate, London, in such a chest or other 
 convenient place wherein the evidences belonging to the said Church do remaine. 
 The third pte thereof, to remaine and continually be kept in the Vestry of the said 
 pish Church of S' Saviours in Southwarke, in the said County of Surrey, in the 
 chest, or such other place there, wherein y° evidences belonging to the said Church 
 and pish do remaine and are kept ; and the fourth pte to remayne and continually 
 be kept iu the A^'estry of the pish Church of S' Giles without Creplegate, London, 
 in such chest or other place, as is there used for the safe keeping of tlie evidences and 
 Wrytings of the said Church and pish.* 
 
 Read, published, sealed and subscribed by the said Edward Alleyn the day 
 and yeare above written in the presence of 
 
 Era: Verulam Canc.^ Arundell.^ Edw Cessil.^ John Howland.* Edm. Eowyar." Tho. 
 Grymes.' Jo Bodley.' Jo: Tunstall.' Inego Jones.' Jo: Fiucli.'" Eic. Jones.>i Eic. 
 Tailboys.*' Edm. Howes Cronider.'^ Jo Anthony. Lionell Tichbourne Ivot. Pub. 
 (MSS. V. 31 & Mun. 584) 
 
 * The first of these "originalls" is now muniment 584; the second lias heen handed by St. 
 Botolph's to the Guildhall Library for safe custody ; the third is still among the records at St. 
 Saviour's, but is luucb destroyed by damp ; the fourth is no longer to be found either at St. 
 Giles' or St. Luke's. 
 
 ^ Francis Bacon, Lord Verulam, Chancellor. * Sir John Tnnstall of Carshalton, J.P. for 
 
 ^ Thomas Howard, Earl of Arundell. Surrey. 
 
 ' Sir Edward Cecyll, afterwards Viscount Wim- - Inigo Jones, the King's sun-eyor. 
 
 bledon, Lord-Lieutenant of Surrey. i" Jo. Finch, afterwards Lord Finch, Lord 
 
 ■• Sir John Rowland, High Sheriif of Surrey. Keeper. 
 
 " Sir Edmund Bowyer of CamberweU, J.P. for '^ Pdchard Jones, secrctarj' to the Lord Chan- 
 Surrey, cellor. 
 
 " Sir Thomas Grymes of Peckhain, J.P. for i- Richard Talboyes, of the Inner Temple. 
 
 Surrey. " Edmond Howes, author of the Continuation 
 
 ? Sir John Bodley of Streatham, J.P. for Surrey. of Stow's Chronicle, 1631. 
 
 VOL. I. G 
 
so 
 
 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 The College being thus founded, the master of it, strictly speaking, was 
 Thomas Alleyn, and Matthias Alleyn was warden ; but these two took, as 
 has been already said, no part whatever in the management during Edward 
 Alleyn's lifetime. Indeed, they could not have done so, for, until the 
 statutes were promulgated, no duties were defined for either of them ; and 
 even when the land at Dulwich was made over to the College in the next 
 year, as the deed reserved a life interest in the rents to the founder, there 
 was no estate to administer. 
 
 On the 19th September 1619 Alleyn records " y* M' Harisone 
 " had leave to goe and prech att Becknam and he stayed all night 
 " y* one y° mor{row) y° schoole was vn taught and no servis red ; " and 
 again on the 2nd December " M'' Harrison fayld and wase away this 
 day." 
 
 The preacher Mr. Wilson, and Mr. Harrison, seem both of them to 
 have neglected their duties, especially the former, who, in January, 
 February, and March 16^ "came nott" or "fayld" or "mist this day" 
 on no less than six Sundays, so that " we had no sermon in after- 
 " noone ; " of the latter it is stated " md y* yesterdaye (feb 2) Harrisone 
 " went awaye w*''out leave and stayd awaye from y® schole all this daye." 
 
 On the 16th April 1620, being Easter day, Allejm and his wife received 
 the Holy Communion as usual with the pensioners, but on this occasion 
 Alice Man, the poor sister from Camberwell, " was put by by M'' Harrisone 
 " for incharitye." 
 
 On that day also " y° chaple wase furnished w*'' basone and candell 
 " sticke y° children w* 10 surplices & y° fellowes allsoe." 
 
 On the 10th May Alleyn "went to London to seal and acknowledg y' 
 " deed off my landes to y' CoUedge," and thus executed the foUowino- 
 document called the Deed of Uses. 
 
 The Deed of Grant of Lands to Dulwich College, 
 
 Dated 24 April, 18'" James 1st, 1620. 
 
 AUeyne •> This Indenture made the fower and twentieth daie of Aprill in the 
 
 AUeyn et all J ^f-^ °^ ^"^l ^^l^^% °^ ^^^^ Soveraigne Lord James by the Grace of God, 
 of England, Scotland. France and Ireland, Kin", Defender of the 
 Taith, &c. that is to saie, of England, Fiance and Ireland, the eighteenth, and of Scotland 
 the three and fiftieth. Betweene Edward Alleyne of Dullwich, in the Countie of 
 Surrey, Esquire, of the one ptie, and William Alleyn of London, Esquire, and William 
 Austen* ol the Parish of S'. Saviors, in Southwarke, in the Countie of Surrey, Esquire, 
 of the other ptie. Witnesseth that Whereas our said Soveraigne Lord Kinge James, 
 
 • For some account of this William Austen see the Life of Alleyn. 
 
i62o.] THE DEED OF USES. 51 
 
 by his Highnes Letters Patents imder his greats Seale of England, bearing date at 
 Westm, the one and twentieth daie of June, in the seaventeenth yeare of his raigne, 
 of England, Trance and Ireland, and of Scotland, the two and fiftieth, was most 
 graciously pleased to graiint and give license to the said Edward Alleyn, to 'ihake, 
 founde, erect, create and stablish the CoUedge in Dulwich aforesaid, to endure and 
 remayne forever, and to consist of one Master, one Warden, fewer Eellowes, sixe poore 
 Brethren, sixe poore Sisters, and twelve poore Schollers there to be mainteyned, 
 susteyned, educated, guided, governed and ruled, and that the same CoUedge should 
 for ever be called and named The CoUedge of Gods Guift in Dulwich, in the Countio 
 of Surrey. And Whereas our said Soveraigne Lord King James, Did, by the same 
 Lfes Pattents, give and graunt licence, power and authoiitie to the said Edward 
 Alleyn, his Heires and Assignes, to give, graunt and assure unto the said Master, 
 Warden, fower Pellowes, sixe poore Brothers, sixe poore Sisters, and twelve poore 
 Schollers, of the said Colledge of God's Guifte, in Dulwich, in the Countie of Surrey, 
 soe to be created, founded, erected and stablished as aforesaid, and their Successors for 
 their mayntennce, sustentacon and reliefe forever. All that the Mannor, or £ord- 
 shippe of Dulwich, with all the rights, members, Eoialties and appurtenances there- 
 unto belonging, or in anywise appteyning, scituate, lying and beinge in the Parish of 
 Camerwell, in the Counties of Surrey and Kent, or in either of them ; and all that the 
 Mannor Howse, or Capitall messuage, with all the lands and apptenances thereunto 
 belonging in DuUwich aforesaid called Hall place als Knowlis. And all those lands, 
 woods and wast grownds, with the apptenances called Eicotts als Eygatts in Dulwich 
 aforesaid; and also All other the Mannors, messuages, lands tents and hereditam" 
 whatsoever which the said Edward Alleyn lately purchased of Sir Francis Calton, 
 Knight, in Dulwich aforesaid : and also All those eight messuages or tents and 
 hereditam'" with the apptenance, and forty-five acres of land, be it more or lesse, to 
 the said messuage or tent belonging or appteyning, sometime pcell of the freehold and 
 copihold lands of the said Mannor of Dulwich, scituate, lying and being in sewall 
 places in Dulwich aforesaid, and called by the sewall names of Howletts, Eicotts als 
 Ei"ate, Nappes and Stoney Nappes, lately bought and purchased by the said Edward 
 Alleyne, of Sir Edmond Bowyer, Knight ; and also All that messuage or tent with 
 the apptennce and fourt6ene acres, be it more or less thereunto belonging, sometimes 
 pcell of the copihold land of the said Mannor of DuUwich, lately bought and purchased 
 by the said Edward Alleyn of John Bowyer Esquire; and also all those foure 
 messuages or tents, and hereditamentes with their and ewy of theire apptennce in 
 Dulwich aforesaid, and threescore and sixteene acres of laud, be it more or lesse, there- 
 unto belonging; the which said foure messuages or tents and lands are called by the 
 names of Great Bornes, North Crofts, Carter's Hall, Addington's Meade, Great and 
 Little Brownings, and Carter's Garden, or by what other name soev"" they are called or 
 knowne, lately purchased by the said Edward Alleyn, of Thomas Calton, Gent, Brother 
 of the said Sir Francis Calton, and Anne his Wife, and of Henry Farr of {six) 
 
 in the Connty of Essex, Gent, and Prudence his wife, being sometimes pcell of the 
 copihold land of the said Mannor of Dulwich ; and also All that messuage or tent 
 with the apptennces, and thirteene acres of land, be it more or lesse, thereunto belong- 
 in" called Perryfield, in Dulwich aforesaid, being part of the freehold lands of the said 
 Manner of Dulwich, which the said Edward Alleyn lately bought and purchased of 
 one Thomas Tumor of London, Gent ; and Also, all those three messuages or tents, with 
 t'apptennces and twenty-four acres of land be it more or lesse, thereunto belonging to 
 
52 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a. 
 
 Dulwich affiresaid, being sometimes pie of tlie freehold and copiliold lands of the said 
 
 Manor of Dulwicli, wliich the said Edv ard AUeyn, lately bought and purchased of 
 
 Ellis Parry of London, Silkweaver, and also Ail that messuage or tent with th' 
 
 appteniices and lliiiteen acres of land, be it more or lesse, thereivnto belonging in 
 
 Dulwich aforesaid, sometimes peell of the copihold landes belonging to the said , 
 
 Mannor of Dulwicli, and which the said Edward AUeyn lately bought and purchased 
 
 of John Euiy of Dulwich aforesaid. Yeoman ; and also All that messuage or tent 
 
 with thV.pptenhces in Dulwich aforesaid, and seavcn acres of land, be it more or 
 
 lesse, thereunto bilonging, called Kennall's, being sometimes pte of the free and 
 
 copiliolde land of the said Mannor of Dulwich, which the said Edward Alleyn lately 
 
 bought and purcliascd of Thomas Emerson, Esquire ; and also all those messuages or 
 
 teiits with th'apptenncs in Dulwich aforesaid and nyne acres of land be it more or 
 
 lesse thereunto belonging, being sometime pcell of the copihold land of the said 
 
 Mannor of Dulwich which the said Ed^\'ard Alleyn lately bought and pchased of John 
 
 Ewcn of Dulwich albresaid yeoman, and also that messriage or tent, with the 
 
 appurtenncs, and fortie five acres of land, be it more or lesse, thereunto belongii:g in 
 
 Dulwich aforesaid, being sometimes pcell of the copihold lands belonging to the said 
 
 Mannor of Dulwich, and of late in the tenure or occupacon of John Townley, Esquire 
 
 deceased ; and also All those eighteene acres of pasture ground or there abouts, in the 
 
 Parish of Lambeth, in the said County of Surrey, and which the said Edward AUeyn 
 
 lately bought and purchased of Sir Edward Duke, Knight; and also All those 
 
 messuages, lands, tents and hereditaments, with th'apptennce in the Parish of S'. 
 
 Botulphes without Eishopsgate, London, which descended and came to the said Edward 
 
 Alleyn, by and from his Eather, Edward Alleyn, Gent, deceased, late Servant to 
 
 Queene Elizabeth of famous memorio, deceased ; and also All those messuages, lands, 
 
 teiits, gaidcns, hereditaments and buildings of the said Edward Alleyn, ptie to these 
 
 psentes called or knowne by the name of the Fortune, scituate and being in "\Yhite- 
 
 cross Street and Golding lane, in that pte of the Parish of St. Giles without, Creple- 
 
 gate, London, which is M'ithin the Countie of Midd, which the said Edward Alleyn, 
 
 ptie to these puts, lately bouglit and purchased of Daniell Gill, of the Isle of Man, and 
 
 others ; although the premisses, or any of them, be holden of our said Souwaigne Lord 
 
 the King's Majestic, that nowe is ymediately in Cheife, or by Knighte Service or 
 
 otherwise, ho^^'soever and Avithcut any licence or pardon for alienacon of them or any 
 
 of them, the statute of Mortruayne, or any other act, statute, ordinance, or proAision 
 
 to the contraiy thereof, in anywise, notwithstanding, as in and by the said Lfes 
 
 Patents, amongst other things more at large it doth and maie apeare. And Whereas 
 
 the said Edward Alleyn ptie to these puts, according to the power and libertie given 
 
 him by the said Lfes Patents by his writing quadruptite, under his hand and Scale, 
 
 bearing date the thirteenth daye of September, in the yeares of the raigne of cur 
 
 Sowaigne Lord King James of England, France and Ireland, the seaventeentb, and of 
 
 Scotland the three and fiftieth, did, to the Honor and Glorie of Almighty God, and in 
 
 a thanckful remembrance of his guifts bestowed upon him, did make, found, erect, 
 
 create and establish one Colledge, in Liuhvich aforesaid, in the said Countie of Surrey,' 
 
 which should endure and remaine forever, and should consist of one Master, one 
 
 Warden, ffower ffellowes, six poore Brethren, six poore Sisters, and twelve poore 
 
 SchoUers, and that the said CoUedge should forever then after be named the Colledge 
 
 of God's Guift, in Dulwich, in the Countie of Suirey ; and that the said Master, 
 
 Warden, lower helluwes, six poore Brethren, six poore Sisters, and twelve poore 
 
i62o.] THE DEED OF USES. 53 
 
 Schollers of the said Colledge, and their Successors, should be psons enabled and 
 capable ia Lawe, in right and name of the said Colledge,' and for their mainten- 
 ance, sustentiieou and releife, to gett, purchase, receavo and take to them and their 
 Successors forever, of and from the said Edward Allej'n, ptie to these puts, all 
 and singular the Manuors, mesuages, lands, tents and hereditamets with their 
 appurtfices, as are at large specified, recited, menconed and conteyued in the said 
 Lfes Patents, or any such and see many and such pt of the said Manners, messuages, 
 lands, tents and hereditamets, as the said Edward AUeyn, ptie to these puts should 
 thinke meete as in and by the sayd writinge quadruptite amongst other things 
 more at large it doth and may appeere. This Indenture therefore further witnesseth 
 that tlie sayd Edward Alleyn, ptie to these pntes for and in accomplishment; 
 and pformance of the power, libertie and antlioritye given him by the said 
 Lfes Patents, and for and in consideracon of a ppetuall maintennce, reliefe and 
 sustentacon forever to be and remaine to the Masler, Warden, fower Fellowes, sixe 
 poore Brethren, six poore Sisters, and twelve poore Schollers of the said Colledge, 
 called the Colledge of God's C4uifte, in DuUwich, in the County of Surrej', founded, 
 created, erected and established by the said Edward Alleyn, ptie to these pnts as 
 aforesaid, and for diuerse other causes and consideracons, him the said Edward Alleyn, 
 ptie to theis pnts hereunto especially moving. Hee, the said Edward Alleyn, ptie to 
 theis pnts, is contented and pleased to graunt, covenant, condiscend, conclude and 
 agree to and M'ith the said William Alleyn and William Austen, in manner and ferine 
 following, tliat is to saye; — the said Edward AUeyne ptie to theis pnts Doth 
 covenant and graunt for him, and his Ileires, to and with the said William Alleyu 
 and William Austen, and eitlier of them, and their Heires by theis pnts, that hee 
 the said Edward Aleyn ptie to these pnts, before the feast daye of tlie ISTativitye of 
 S' John the Baptist next ensuing the daye of the date hereof, shall knowledge and 
 leuie, or cause to be knowledged and leuied a Eine or Fines unto the said Williani 
 Alleyn and William Austen, sur Cognisance du droit, as those which the said William 
 Alleyn and William Austen shall have of the Guifte of the said Edward Alleyn, ptie 
 to these pnts, before the Kings Majesties justices of the Cofuon Bench, of all that 
 his the said Edward Alleyn, ptie to theis pntes, said Manner or Lordshipp of Dullwich, 
 with all the riglits, members and apptennces thereunto belonginge, or in any wise 
 appteyning, scituate and beinge in the Parish of Camerwells als Cambwell, iu tlie 
 said Counties of Surrey and Kent, or in either of them. And of all that the 
 said Manner, or capitall Messuage, witli all the landes and apptennces thereunto 
 belonging in Dulwich aforesaid, called Hall Place, als KnoUis. And all those lands, 
 woods and wast grownds called Eycotts als Eigats, in Dulwich aforesaid. And also 
 of all otlier the said Manners, messuages, lands, tents and hereditamts whatsoever, 
 which the said Edward Alleyn ptie to these pnts lately purchased of Sir Ifrancis 
 Calton, Knight, in Dulwich aforesaid ; and also, of all those eight messuages or tents 
 and hereditamts with their apptenauces and fortie five acres of land, be it more or 
 lesse to the said messuages or tents, belonging or appteyiung scituate lying and being 
 iu sewrall places in Dulwich aforesaid and called by the sewrall names of Howlettg, 
 Eicotts als Eigats, Kapps and Stony Fapps, and lately bought and purchased by the 
 said Edv/ard Alleyn ptie to these pnts of Sir Edmond Bowier, Knight ; and also of 
 that said messuage or teilte with th'apptences and fourteene acres of land, be it more 
 or lesse, thereunto belonginge, sometymes pcell of the copihold land of the said 
 Manner of Dulwich, lately bought and iiurchased by the said Edward AUeyne ptie to 
 
54 
 
 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 pents of John Bowiar, Esquire ; and also of all those said fower messuages or tents 
 and hereditamts with their and ewry of their apptennce in Dulwich aforesaid, and 
 three score and sixteene acres of lande, be it more or lesse, thereunto belonging, the 
 ■which said fower messuages or tents and lands are called Great Bornes, North Crofts, 
 Carter's Hall, Addington's Meade, Greate and Little Brownings and Carter's Garden, 
 or by what other names soever lately bought and purchased by the said Edward 
 Alleyn ptie to these pnts of Thomas Calton, gent, brother of the said Sir ffrancis 
 Calton and Anne, wife of the said Thomas Calton and of Henry Earr in the Countie of 
 Essex, gent, and Prudence his wife ; and also of all that said mesuage or tente with 
 the apptennce and thirteene acres of land, be it more or lesse, thereunto belonging 
 called PeiTcy Feild in Dulwich aforesaid, which said Edward Alleyn ptie to these 
 pnts, lately bought and purchased of the said Thomas Tumor, of London, gent ; and 
 also of all those said three messuages or tents and hereditamts with th'apptennces 
 with twentie and fower acres of land, be it more or lesse, thereunto belongings in 
 DuUwich aforesaid, which the said Edward Alleyn ptie to these pnts lately bought 
 and purchased of the said Ellis Parie, of London, silkweavor ; and also of all that 
 said messuage or teiite with the apptennces and thirteene acres of land be it more or 
 lesse, thereunto belonging in Dullwich aforesaid, sometimes pcell of the copibold 
 lands belonging to the said Manner of Dulwich, and which the said Edward Alleyn 
 ptie to these pnts lately bought and purchased of the said John Buiy, of Dulwich 
 aforesaid, yeoman ; and also of all that messuage or tente with th'apptennces in 
 Dulwich aforesaid and seaven acres of land, be it more or lesse, thereunto belonging 
 called Kennalls, which the said Edward Alleyn ptie to these pnts bought and pur- 
 chased of the said Thomas Emerson, Esquire ; and also of all those said messuages or 
 tents and nyne acres of land in Dulwich aforesaid, be it more or lesse, thereunto 
 belonging, which the said Edward Alleyn ptie to these pnts lately bought and pur- 
 chased of the said John Ewen, of Dulwich aforesaid, yeoman ; and also of all that the 
 said messuage or tente with the apptennces and fortie five acres of land, be it more 
 or lesse, thereunto belonginge, in Dulwich aforesaid, beinge sometimes pcell of the 
 copihold lands belonging to the said Manner of Dulwich and of late in the tenure or 
 occupacon of the said John Townley, Esquire, deceased ; and also of all those said 
 eighteene acres of pasture ground, or thereabouts in the said parish of Lambeth in the 
 said Countie of Surrey, and which the said Edward Alleyn ptie to theis pnts lately 
 bought and purchased of the said Sir Edward Duke, Knight ; and also of all those said 
 messuages, lands, tents and hereditaments with the apptennces in the parish of S*. 
 Eottolphes without, Bishopsgate, London, which descended and came to the said 
 Edward Alleyn ptie to these pnts by and from his said ffather Edward Alleyn, gent, 
 deceased ; and also of all those said messuages, lands, tents, gardens, hereditam" and 
 buildings of the said Edward Alleyn ptie to these pnts called or knowne by the name 
 of the ffortune, scituate and beinge in Whitecross Street and Golding Lane in that pte 
 of the parish of S' Giles wthout, Crepplegate, London, which is in the said Countie of 
 Midd, and which the said Edward Alleyn ptie to these pnts, lately bought and pur- 
 chased of the said Daniell Gill, of the He of Man and others, by what name or names 
 whatsoev the premisses or any pte or pcell thereof they bee called or knowne by, or 
 by what nomber of acres, or of what kind of land they or either of them be called or 
 knowne. In and by which ffyne or ffynes the said Edward Alleyn ptie to these pnts 
 shall knowledge all and singuler the Manners, messuages, lands, tents, buildings and 
 hereditam" aforesaid with their and ewy of their apptennences to be the ri"ht °of the 
 
i62o.] THE DEED OF USES. 55 
 
 said William AUeyn and Wniiani Austen as those which the said William Alleya 
 and William Austen have of the guift of the said Edward Alleyn ptie to these pnts 
 and the same the said Edward Alleyn ptie to these pnts shall remise and quit claime 
 from him the said Edward Alleyn ptie to theis pnts and his heires to the said William 
 Alleyn and William Austen and their heires or to the heires of one of them forever. 
 And further the said Edward Alleyn by the same fine or ffines shall graunt for him 
 and his heires to warrant all and singular the said Mannors, messuages, lands, tents, 
 buildings and hereditam" with their and every of their apptennences to the said 
 William Alleyn and William Austen and to the heires of one of them, against the 
 said Edward Alleyn ptie to theis pnts and his heires forever. And it is further con- 
 cluded, condiscended and agreed by and betweene the pties to theis pnts that the said 
 fine or fines so to be levied as is aforesaid, of all and singuler the premisses or of any 
 pte thereof, and of all other conveyances of tlie premisses or any pte thereof to be 
 made to the said William Alleyn and William Austen shall remayne and bee, and the 
 said William Allen and William Austen and either of them and their heires and the 
 heires of the survivor of them after the said ffyne or ffynes levied in forme aforesaid 
 shall stand and be seized to the sole and onlie uses and behoofs hereafter menconed, and 
 under such condicons, provisoes declaracons and lymitacons, and in such manner and 
 forme as hereafter in these pnts is expressed and declared, and not otherwise nor in 
 any other manner nor to any other use, behoof, uses, devises, intents or purposes 
 whatsoever, that is to sale, of all and singuler the said mannors, messuages, lands, 
 tents, buildings and hereditam" with all and ewy the premises & with their and ewy 
 of their apptennences to the use of the said Edward Alleyn ptie to theis pnts for 
 terme of his naturall life without impeachment of any manner of wast, and ymediately 
 from and after the decease of the said Edward Alleyn, ptie to these pnts the said 
 AVilliam Alleyn and William Austen and the survivor of them and their heires and 
 the heires of the survivor of them shall stand and be seized of all singular the said 
 mannors, messuages, lands, tents, buildings and hereditaments and of all other the 
 premisses with all and ewy their apptennces to the sole and only use of the then 
 Master, Warden, ffower ffellowes, six poore Brethren, six poore Sisters and twelve 
 poore Schollers of the said Colledge called the CoUedge of God's Guift in Dulwich, in 
 the Countie of Surrey, and of their successors for ever and to no other intent, use or 
 purpose whatsoev'. Provided Alwaies and it is further covenanted, condiscinded, 
 concluded and agreed by and betweene the pties to these pnts, that notwithstanding 
 any use or uses, estate or estates before in these pnts expressed, lymitted appointed 
 or declared, it shall and maie be lawful! to and for the said Edward Alleyn partie to 
 theis pnts at all tymes and from time to time during his life to make or graunt any 
 lease or leases by writing indented or otherwise of all and singidar the said mannors, 
 messuages, lands, tents, buildings and hereditam", and other the premisses conteyned, 
 specified or comprised in these pnts or of any pte or pcell thereof for such number of 
 yeares or lives as the said Edward Alleyn ptie to theis pnts shall thinck fitt, and to 
 make, graunt by copie of Court EoU of any of the said copihold tents of the premisses 
 in Dulwich aforesaid to any pson or psons according to the custome of the said 
 mannor of Dulwich, reserving the accustomed rents thereof or more, the same rents to 
 be due and payable during the contynuance of the same lease or leases, graunt or 
 graunts, interest or interests. In Witness whereof the parties abovesaid to theis pnte 
 Indentures intchangeably have sett to their sewall hands and scales the day and yeare 
 first above written. Edwaed Alleyn. 
 
 Et Memorand qd decimo die Maij ann supscr prefat Edwardus Alleyn Ar venit 
 
5 6 HISTOR Y OF D UL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 dco Dno Eege in Caiic sua et recognovit. Inden pred ac oia et singula in eadem con- 
 tent et spificat in forma supdca. Jrr decimo die Maij ann pr'dict. 
 
 This is a true copy from the original Eecord remaining in the PubKc Eecord 
 Office, having been examined. 
 
 Sealed, signed and delivered in the pnce of 
 ns Leonell Ticliborne, Tho Martin, 
 John Hughes. 
 
 ■^■era cop. ex°. p. Geo. Brome clrc 
 Coll p'dicti 
 
 Will: Jenkins. 
 
 From the above deed it will be seen that, although the lands were 
 transferred to William AUeyn and William Austen, a life interest in the 
 whole of the revenues was reserved to Edward Alleyn, and consequently, 
 whilst he lived he remained the sole manager of the affairs of the 
 College. 
 
 On the 4th June another act of insubordination is recorded of Mr. 
 Symonds, the usher, who " went Avhether I would or no and came nott." 
 On the 15th June three young gentlemen were received as boarders, as 
 appears by the following entry : " Md y* M'' Eogers sent this daye his 3 
 " sones att board & scholling for 12"' p. ann. a peece." Another boarder 
 was also admitted on the 12th September, on which day " M' Woodward's 
 '•■ sone came to soiorne & be taught here at 20"' per ann." 
 
 The bad conduct of Alice or Aylec Man, the Camberwell sister before 
 mentioned, caused her to be mulct of her whole month's pension on the 
 22nd June. On the lOtli July, Tom Brinkester, a boy who, thouih not 
 on the foundation, had been " put unto Alleyn on the 10"' November 
 " 1618 by Decon & His wife she being his Aunt to keepe Hym as loncfe as 
 " I will for meat drink & aparell " " wase bound to T. A. for 8 years," 
 T. A. being probably Thomas Alleyn, barber surgeon and master designate 
 of the College. 
 
 At the end of this quarter, viz\ on the 28th September 1620, it is 
 recorded in the Register Book that both Samuel Wilson and John Harrison 
 the preacher and schoolmaster, were " gon." The frequent irregularities of 
 the preacher sufficiently account for ' his departure, and the *MSS. fully 
 disclose the reason of Mr. Harrison's leaving. 
 
 Alleyn had had in his service for some time Anne Alleyn, a dauahter 
 of his cousin Edward Alleyn, Glover, of Newport Pagnell, from whom 
 there are nine letters extant (MSS. iii. 109), some of them referrino- to the 
 fact. Her quarter's wages of ten shillings were duly paid on the 24th June 
 1620, and on the 3rd October is the entry, " This daye Nan Allen went 
 " away, given her £1. 2. 0." 
 
t62o.] the reverend JOHN HARRISON. 57 
 
 This Anne Alleyn, Mr. Harrison secretly married, but it is not clear 
 whether the event had taken place while she was still her kinsman's 
 servant or afterwards. 
 
 Harrison addressed to Alleyn the following letters, all undated, the 
 first of which must have been written soon after his leaving the College, 
 and the two latter after the birth of a son ; as the last refers to " Pascha" 
 or Easter as near at hand, it appears likely that they were really 
 married in the summer of 1620. 
 
 I. (MSS. iii. 85). 
 
 Worp". S'. Not vnfitlye is it spoken of y* Poett (Dicere qucB puduit scribera 
 jussit Amor) w' sliamefastues forbids to speake, love comandes to write, like another 
 Alured about a match not w"" Spaine, but mine owne. Whereas whether to yo' 
 knowledge o' w'^out yo'' knowledge, there hath bene affections bred & combined 
 betwixt yo' kinswoman & mee, & now vnited in a more sure manner then I prsume 
 yo° know of: though many & sundry causes & of them not a few to me have seetned 
 somew' more serious, then peradventure in other mens Judgements they are, caused 
 mee to conceale- this matter even from yo'self, to whom I confesse it ought to have 
 bene first impted, w""" though it come now a day after y* faire, yet I hope not after y° 
 acceptance nor after the desire of yo' best wishes upon it. To Implead any mediate 
 cause in this or that Icinde, were to be reputed rather like Eues defect, a crime then 
 Argument of this conclusion & therefore not humane, much lesse Schollerlike. Onely 
 I appeale to the everlivinge god, who (I do verily beleve) had an extraordinary hand 
 in it, as is best knowne to myself by the passages thereof betwixt vs, & I hope he 
 hath ordeined it to both o' good to meward I verily beleve : If it please god to doe so 
 much by me to herward. To satisfye then yo''self whom I know none ought more to 
 expect it then yo'self (settiiige aside botb o"" parents if extant) : The conclusions were 
 so hasty betwixt us w"" (I confess) argues want of Judgment (certes in me) that I did 
 vndergoe this concealed course for diverse reasons viz'. 
 
 1. If the wordle had noted my supposed folly in so affectiuge, it might happly 
 have prevented my fortune (the question is whether better o' worse). 
 
 21y. She was under the nauae of yo' seruant I know no other, & it would have 
 been thouc^ht vnfitt in my poore Judgmt y' a ministers wife should have served tables, 
 especially "the wife of one (be it spoken w'hout Arrogancye) y' hath taken y' degree of 
 a M' of Artes. 
 
 3. If consent on all sides had bene granted & the marriage more publickly cele- 
 brated, there might have been more Adoe then needed & expenses greater then I am 
 sure there are, & I less contented lovinge plainenes. 
 
 4:th. The nature of this place moued me much to this silent course because I am & 
 was alwayes loath to be a pjudice to any future statute, w"" I have conceived to have 
 been entended by you, howsoever I thought it would be less offensive o'' pjudiciall to 
 yo'self, whom in this case I confess, I onely respect. Be it so, thes reasons may be 
 reputed no reasons. Blamed I may be, shamed I cannot be, in this action because 
 honest & godly. Other reasons I could alledge as likely consequences of the former. 
 
 1. As in respect of y' Inconveniences w""" might have happened vppon it, as 
 appeared evidently (at the not to be mentioned distast you had of nie not longe since) 
 & other occasioDs in the like nature I could instance ia. 
 
 VOL. I. 
 
 ti 
 
58 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d, 
 
 21y. The now breedings estate of yo' schole w"" if it be intercepted before it come 
 to a fuller grouth, a greater Inconvenience may happly arise, then yo" expect & others 
 suggest vnto you, though I confess I not so worthy as I could wish. 
 
 3. Other occasions in another nature w"" I leave to yo'' mature Judgem* & con- 
 sideration w'hout my Advise or declaration. If there be any other error (as far as I 
 see) it is to myself y* I ppared myself like an Atlas or an Asse to beare, as 
 questionless y" wordle, so soone as it comes to light, may repute me, consideringe 
 w' matches I might haue had if careful! of my self though now through my Incon- 
 sideratenes I seeme to stand at y" Hazardes mouth, yet two thinges my Counsel, my 
 hope & love ; the first to god, an Allsufficient father, who will not suffer me to fall 
 though I know some fatt Bulls may thrust sore at me to make me fall, nor to want 
 seinge I haue often prayed & in part learned to be content w'" w' estate soever 
 knowinge y' godlines is the onely true gaine ; the second y° lone reciprocall betwixt 
 her & me in y" truest concent, y' (I ptest) in respect of my Assurance y' god hath 
 bestowed on me an honest & vertuous & well disposed maide, I would not (I once 
 againe protest) exchange, obseruinge the course of the wordle, for y* revenue of y" best 
 man in this pish (w"'' for ought I know is yo' self) so much I esteme an honest & 
 godly mind beyond Eiches. Yea though I should not acquire one farthings by her, 
 yet I hope to be happy w"" her, you may Impose rashnes by cause not bitt with the 
 wordle, I impute beleefe the Basis of a liuely hope. Thus (w"" many others) castings 
 myself on yo' (I must confess) foretasted curtesye, I doubt not y' yo" will thinke me 
 vnworthy of yo' kinswoman, because y° thinge Hath proceeded thro y" Lord, who hath 
 thought me worth}'', nor my ffreindes tliinke me too v/orthy of one so well qualifyed, 
 but w'" yo' ffavours & their ffurtherance we may loue & liue to gods glory, yo' good 
 likinge, o' frendes comfort & o' owne soules health & happines. And though I cannot adds 
 to yo' happines w"" (god be thanked) god hath so largely bestowed on you. Yet per- 
 adventure somew' to yo' use & I rather crave a free dismisse then be any prejudice, 
 w*"" I think cannot be Durante vita vestra w""" I pray god longe continue to yo' endless 
 happines & y* comfort of many to whom god hath made you a foster father : or els 
 rather then I should admitt any disgrace W*" may many wayes happen in respect of 
 myself o' my wife : I pray god direct yo" aright herein to his further glory & the 
 mutuall love of yo" & us. Thus daly prayinge for yo' welfare & yo' Bedfellowes I 
 rest euer 
 
 Yo" not so much in tongue as 
 affection : 
 
 Jo: Hakrison, 
 II. (MSS. iii. 86). 
 
 Wo" S' my dutye & love w'" my wiues Eemembred. Occasion & desire seeme to 
 diuide me th'one administring hands to my pen th'other psence w'" my desires. It 
 hath pleased god to send me a son, desire makes him yo' Godsonne, in your coliedTe 
 god sent him a ffather & my wiues desire w'" mine is that god might send him also rn 
 the same place a Godfather, y' the place of his generation might be seconded w'" a 
 better help of his regeneration. Pardon my psumption (I pray you) not necessitye 
 but speakmge affection compells me, I was at Dulwich upon Thursday att London 
 yesterday to have speake w'" you but missinge the opportunitye I was unwillinge to 
 communicate my desires w'" any but yo'self, I did desire to have speake w'^ you 
 rather but was letted, as yo" see not by neglect but occasion. If it might stand w'" 
 
i62i.] ANNE ALLEYN. 59 
 
 yo' likinge I should as I am be much obliged, other more I haue in election vpon 
 their hours w""" I have felt from them. But yo'self y" first wheele of my Clocke if it 
 may prove in time, tomorrow in the afternoone (god willinge) is y' time & my 
 preachinge here in y* afternoone causeth me to be vnmannerly to visitt you by letter. 
 Thus hopinge you will take all in best sence, I rest euer w'" my duty to yo^'self & yo' 
 lovinge wife 
 
 Y"" wo'p deuoted 
 
 Jo: Harrison. 
 
 III. (MSS. iii. 87). 
 
 Wor" S' I am bold to second my first letter, I am glad I sent I remember well a 
 ffrench proverbe ffaire wordes deceive wise men & fooles. I thought time or grace 
 had eaten out or at least moderated passion from Ira to odium, to keep Kesidence. In 
 the end it will be bitternes as Abner told Joab. I sent not y' I needed but wanted a 
 godfather, but it seemeth some aggreauance did deteine you. I thanke god, my minde 
 was free, (though I have bene of opinion I had cause to speake first,) but Deus Judex, 
 to reward every man w'" just Judgment, Vulgus amicitias vtilitate probat, I haue 
 thought you not so vulgar, nor so vulgar, as to be ledde by profitt & yett you might 
 have made as much vse of me ex domo as in domo. Yo"^ loue may not hurt me, yo' 
 hate hurt yo'self nemo Iceditur nisi a seipso, howsoeuer, Puluis & umbra sumus, 
 moriendum est Judicandum est. We must die & come to judgm* & god respects not 
 persons 
 
 (Cor dedit Deus > Eonum 
 
 (Cor Inclinat Deus ) Bene 
 My wife had gott a scribe as gott some of yo'' spiritt but I by chance pveuted it least 
 euill wordes should corrupt good manners, for I partly know womens weeknes. 
 Whatsoeuer you thinke of me, this I will say as S' Austin to Dardanus, though you 
 rich I poore though you wise I foolish, yet this I will stand too, you haue not a Better 
 god nor a more faithfull Eedeemer, thus consideringe that Pascha is at hand when 
 peace should in the heart, if I knew wherein I have giuen just cause of quarrell I 
 would shew my self a christian (though euery one best feeles their owne wronges) 
 remembringe my guide & conduct Christ Jesus who hath taught me to forsake 
 myself & take another course then my Passions would leade me. Thus desiringe god 
 to give vs both true vnderstandinge in the wayes of Godliness. I rest 
 
 A poore servant of Jesus Christ 
 
 Jo: Harr. 
 Mat. 5. 23, 24 ; Mark 11. 25, 26 ; Coll. 3. 13, 14 ; Pro. 26. 20. 
 
 "Whatever may have been AUeyn's feelings at the time of his discovery 
 of the marriage, and although he refused to be godfather to her child, he 
 ultimately bore no ill-will to Anne Harrison, for in his will appears the 
 following bequest to her : — 
 
 " Item, — I give to Anne AUeyn, the now wife of John Harrison, Clerk, 
 " the sum of twenty pounds." 
 
 The places of preacher and schoolmaster vacated by Mr. Wilson and Mr. 
 Harrison were filled up by the appointment of Eobert Vance to the 
 
6o HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 preacliership, and the promotion of Martin Symonds, tlie usher, to be 
 schoolmaster. Mr. Peter Symonds is entered in the register as being 
 admitted usher on the 28th September 1620, but the diary shows that he 
 was only on trial ; for in the entry of the payment of salaries on. the 15th 
 January 1620/1, it is noted : — 
 
 " Peter Symonds by approbation, . . . 0. 0. 0," 
 
 The boarders who had been admitted did not stay long at the College, 
 for on the 28th October 1620, Alleyn notes that "y' 3 rogers went away," 
 and on the 13th January 1620/1, "Woodward is gone." Another boarder 
 was, however, received, one of the entries being December 30, 1620, 
 " Yesterday Eic Caulden came here to bord." 
 
 On the 27th January 1620/1, the diary states, "Md this day I took a 
 " pore fatherless child Ed Alleyn." On a subsequent occasion a person of 
 this name put forward a claim to be of founder's kin through John, the son 
 of John, the founder's brother, but it was proved that the said John died 
 unmarried. From the wording of the above entry, and from this circum- 
 stance, it has been surmised that the "pore fatherless child" may possibly 
 have been a natural son of the founder's nephew. 
 
 On the 30th April 1621, Alleyn "went to towne & plact 3 men & 
 " 7 weomen in y° Howses off finsbury Lyberty y" buildino- cost in 
 " all 200. 0. 0." ° 
 
 This refers to the Almshouses which he had built in the parish of St. 
 Giles, Cripplegate. He contemplated building similar almshouses in the 
 parishes of St. Botolph's and St. Saviour's, which, however, he did not 
 accomplish in his lifetime, but in his will directed his executors to build 
 them. It will be seen that the foundation thus accomplished, and his 
 intentions as to the others, played a very considerable part in the subsequent 
 history of the College. 
 
 On the 20th of May, being Whitsunday, Aylec Man, the poor sister 
 mentioned several times, was again refused" the holy communion, as she 
 "wase not in chary (charity)," and she was also again deprived of her 
 pension. This seems to have been the last chance given her of reformation 
 for on the 18th August Alleyn records that he "pd ye pore ther pencion 
 " all but Man who stud expulsed." Thus of the two first sisters whom he 
 had himself appointed, Sarah Shepherd and Alice Man, the former went 
 away to be married to Muggleton, and the latter was "expulsed for uno-ndlv 
 " and unquiet hfe." ° -^ 
 
 Peter Symonds, the usher, remained on " approbation " until Michaelmas 
 1621, his name being omitted when the quarterly payments to the fellows 
 are recorded ; but on the 28th October he received £3. 6s. 8d, This was a 
 first and final pajonent, for on the 3rd November an entry states " Peter 
 " Symonds wase gon." A subsequent entry shows that he went away to 
 
i626.] THE FOUNDER'S SECOND MARRIAGE. 6i 
 
 be married; for on Sunday the 3rd February 1621/2, "this daye petter 
 " Symonds & Hys wife & his brother dined here & yeomans Symonds 
 " pretcht Here His first sermon." Eobert Vance, the preacher, was also 
 "gon" on the 24th December 1G21, when John Gifford was admitted in 
 his place, and Christopher Keuthen became usher instead of Peter Symonds. 
 
 The Eegister Book states that Thomas Hopkins, the organist, left in 
 September 1622, though an entry in the diary on Monday the 26th August, 
 "pd M' Hopkins His pencion dwe to \ (Saturday) last £1. 10.," would 
 point to a slightly earlier date ; Benjamin Cosyn was appointed in his stead 
 on the 28th September. 
 
 In the next year, 1623, it is recorded that " Joane AUeyn y* wife of 
 " Edward AUeyn esquire & founder of this Colledg of Gods gifte departed 
 " this life y° eight & twentieth of June & was buried in y* chappell of y* 
 " same coUedge y" first day of July following." 
 
 It will be seen in the life of AUeyn that he, almost immediately after 
 this event, contemplated a second marriage ; and this circumstance may 
 possibly have induced him to reduce his expenses, and so account for the 
 facts that the three senior fellows, John Gifford the preacher, Martin 
 Symonds the schoolmaster, and Christopher Eeuthen the usher, all left on 
 the 28th September 1623, and that only one appointment was made in 
 consequence, viz. that of William George to the double ofiice of " Preacher 
 " and Schoolmaster" on the 30th September; the establishment being thus 
 reduced to two fellows. 
 
 AUeyn's marriage with Constance Donne took place on the 3rd Decem- 
 ber 1623. On the 25th March 1624, Matthew Sweetser was admitted 
 second feUow or schoolmaster, but on the 16th June Cosyns the organist 
 left, being foUowed on the 1st July by the first fellow or preacher, WUliam 
 George, and no successors to them being appointed, Sweetser was for some 
 time the only fellow. 
 
 In this year two poor brethren and a poor sister died, and were buried 
 in the CoUege burial-place, being the first recorded in the register as buried 
 there since 1616, though several had died. 
 
 On the 17th January 1624/5, Walter Gibbs was appointed "Music 
 " Master," or Organist, there being thus now two fellows. Four poor brethren 
 and one poor sister died during the year, and were buried at Dulwich. 
 One of these poor brethren and three other persons are recorded as having 
 died of the plague. 
 
 On the 22nd February 1625/6 one of the vacant fellowships was filled 
 up by the appointment of Charles Faldo as third fellow or usher, but Walter 
 Gibbs, the organist, resigned on the 3rd May 1626. On the 25th August 
 another of the vacant places was occupied by Joseph Eeding being admitted 
 preacher ; and finally AUeyn, during his fatal iUness, and little more than a 
 
62 HISTORY OF DULWJCH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 fortnight before his death, completed the number of fellows by giving the 
 place of organist to Henry Dell on the 8th November. 
 
 It is plain that the Founder, knowing himself to be in extreme danger of 
 death, had the welfare of the College clearly in his mind. He had doubtless 
 long before prepared the statutes and ordinances authorized by the Patent 
 of King James, but was reluctant to sign them until the last possible 
 moment. He did sign them on the 29th September, thinking, probably, 
 that further delay was dangerous, and on the 13th November he also 
 executed his last will. 
 
 On the 20th November he added two clauses to the statutes, in the first 
 of which he reserved to himself the right of making additions or alterations, 
 and of nominating or displacing the members " at any time or times during 
 " my life," from which it may be inferred that he had still hopes of living ; 
 and in the other he confirmed the destination of some leases which he had 
 left to the College by his will.- 
 
 This was the last recorded act of his life, as he died on Saturday the 
 25th November 1626, at the age of sixty years and nearly three months.* 
 
 " For further particulars see Life of Edward Alleyn. 
 
i626.] I 63 ] 
 
 CHAPTER III. 
 
 THE STATUTES AND THE FOUNDEe's WILL. 
 
 It will have been observed that the statutes were only signed by the 
 Founder within two months of his death ; as these form the basis of much 
 of the subsequent narrative, they are here given in full, carefully collated 
 with the original at the College. For the same reason his will is also 
 given in extenso. 
 
 Preamble. 
 
 In the name of God Amen. To all Xtian people to wliome this psent writing 
 quadrupartite shall come. I Edward AUeyn, of Dulwich, in y' county of Surrey, 
 Esquire, send greeting in our Lord God everlastinge. Whereas, our late Soveraigne 
 lorde Kinge James of famous memorie, late king of England, Scotland, Eraunce and 
 Ireland, deceased, by his bighnes Ifes patentes under the Great Seal of England, bearing 
 date at "Westminster the one and twentieth daie of June, in the yeare of his raigne of 
 England the seaventeenth, and of Scotland the two and fiftieth, did of his speciall 
 grace, certaine knowledge, and mere motion, for him, his heires, and successors, amongst 
 other thinges, graunt and give license to mee, the said Edward Allen, that I, or after my 
 decease, my heires, executors, or assignes, or every or any of them, for and towardes the 
 relief, sustenaunce, and maintenance of poore men, women, and children, and for the in- 
 struction of the said poore children, to be enabled and to have full power and libertie,at 
 myne owne and myne heires, executors, and assignes will and pleasure, to make, found, 
 erect, create and stablish one College in Dulwiche aforesaid, in the said County of 
 Surrey, which should endure and remaine for ever, and should consist of one master, 
 one warden, fewer ffeUowes, sixe poore brethren, sixe poore sisters, and twelve poore 
 schollers, to be maintayned, susteyned, educated, guided, governed, and ruled, according 
 to such ordinances, statutes, and foundations, as shalbe made, set downe, stabUshed, and 
 ordeyned, by me, the said Edwarde AUeyn in my life time, or by any other pson or psons 
 after my decease, such as shalbe especially nominated, deputed, and appointed there- 
 unto by me, the saide Edward AUeyn in my life time, under my hand and seale in 
 writing, for the maintenance, sustenance, education, instruction, guiding, government, 
 and rule of the said master, warden, fewer ffeUowes, six poore brethren, six poore sisters, 
 and twelve poore schollers. 
 
 And whereas our said late Soveraigne lord King James, by the said Ires patentes, of 
 his more ample and aboundant grace, certaine knowledge, and mere motion, did graunt 
 and give license for him, his heires and successors, to me the said Edward AUeyn, as 
 longe as I shall live, and after my death to such person or persons as I. the said 
 
64 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 Edwarde Alleyn, shall in my life time nominate, depute, and appoint, under my hand 
 and seale, in writynge, and to euy or any of them, from time to time, and as often as 
 need shall require, to make, ordaine, constitute, and establish statutes, ordinances, 
 constitutions, and rules, for the good and better maintenance, sustenance, relief, 
 education, government, and ordering, as well of. the said Colledge so to bee created, 
 erected, founded and established as aforesaid, as of the said master, warden, ffower 
 ffellowes, sixe poore brethren, sixe poore sisters, and twelve poor schollers, and their 
 successors, forever, and also of all and every the manors, messuages, landes, tentes, 
 hereditamentes, in the said Ires patentes menconed, and the rentes, yssues, revenewes, 
 and profittes of the same. And that the said statutes, ordinances, constitutions, and 
 rules so by mee, the said Edward Alleyn, in my life time, or by the saide other persons, 
 or any of them, after my decease, to be made, ordayned, or constituted, shall for ever 
 and in all succeeding times stand, bee, and remaine inviolable, and in full force and 
 strength in lawe to all constructions, inteutes, and purposes, the same being not 
 repugnant to the prerogative roiall of our Soveraigne Lorde the Kinges Ma"°, nor 
 contrary to the lawes and statutes of this his highnes realme of England, nor any the 
 ecclesiasticall lawes cannons or constitutions of the church of England, w"" then 
 should bee in force, as by the said Ifes patentes, whereunto reference being had, 
 amongst other thinges, more at large y' dothe and may appeare. And whereas I, 
 the said Edward Alleyn, by my deede quadrupartite bearing date the thirteenth 
 day of September in the said seaventeenth yeare of the raigne of our said 
 late Soveraigne Lorde Kinge James, for the better maintenance, education, relief, 
 and sustenance of poore and needy people, men, woemen and children of the 
 severall pishes of S' Buttolphes without Bishoppsgate London, of S' Sauiours 
 in Southwarke, and of that pte of the pishe of S' Giles without Creplegate, London, 
 which is in the countie of Middx ; and of the pishe of Camerwell, in the countie of 
 Surrey, by vertue and force of the said Ires patentes, and by the power and authority 
 thereby to me graunted and given by our said late soveraigne lorde King James, did 
 by the same wrytinge quadrupartite, make, founde, erect, create, and establish' one 
 Colledge in Dulwich aforesaid in the said countie of Surrey, which should continue 
 and remaine for ever, and shall consist of one master, one warden, fower fellowes sixe 
 poore brethren, sixe poore sisters, and twelve ppore schollers, and that the same Colle<<e 
 shall forever be called and named the College of God's Guift in Dulwich, in the 
 countie of Surrey, as in and by the said wryting quadrupartite, whereunto reference 
 being had, amongst other thinges, more at large doth and may appeare. Nowe knowe 
 yee that I, the saide Edward Allen, to .the honor and glorie of Almightie God, and in 
 thankfull remembrance of his guifts and blessinges bestowed upon°mee, and for y* 
 better maintenance, relief, sustenance, educacon, government and orderino-e as well of 
 the said Colledge, as of the said Master, warden, fower ffellowes, sixe poore brethren 
 sixe poore sisters, and twelve poore schollers, by vertue and force of the said Ifes' 
 patentes, and by the power and authority thereby to me graunted and cdven, doe 
 ordaine, make, constitute, and found ordinances, constitutions, provisions, 'rules' and 
 statutes for the good and orderly rule and government, as well of the said Colleo-e 
 as of the said master, warden, fower fellowes, sixe poore brethren, sixe poore sisters' 
 and twelve poore schollers, and also of the said manners, messuages, landes tentes 
 and hereditamentes, in the said Ifes patentes, menconed in manner and forme as vt 
 followeth written in these English wordes, viz'. ' 
 
i626.] THE STATUTES. 65 
 
 THE STATUTES AND OEDINANCES MADE BY EDWAED ALLEYN, 
 
 In Pursuance of the Letters Patent, by Deed bearing Date 
 THE 29th Day of September, 1626. 
 
 1. Imprimis, I ordaine and establishe forever, that there shalbe a Master, Warden, 
 ffower ifellowes, sixe poore brethren, sixe poore Sisters, and twelve poore Scholers, in 
 and belonging to the college. 
 
 2. Item, For the better furtherance of the honor and service of Almightie God, 
 and for the good and welfare of the saide college, I ordaine and for ever establishe, for 
 all succeeding times to come, that there shalbe continually six chaunters for musique 
 and singing in the chappel of the said college, and shalbe called and esteemed as 
 junior ffellowes, every one of them to have his voice according to the statutes, as the 
 fower senior fellowes have, six assistants touching the ordering of the said college, 
 and the rentes revenues and profittes thereof, and thirtye members ; the said chaunters, 
 assistants, and members, to be employed and taken to such uses intentes and purposes, 
 as hereafter in these my orders and statutes I shall further direct and appoint. 
 
 3. Item, That the master and warden, shalbe both single psons, and unmaried, of 
 my blood and sirname, and for want of such my sirname onlie, and for want of such of 
 my blood, or name, and if they shall happen to marry after their admission, or either 
 of them, then bee so doing to be removed from the college (ipso facto), and made for 
 ever uncapable of any place or office therein, or to receive or have any benefitt or profitt 
 from thence. 
 
 4. Item, That the master and warden, and either of them, at the time of their 
 admission shalbe of the full age of one and tweutie yeares at the least, and shall be 
 reputed to be Men of honest lives and conversations, of learning, judgment and under- 
 standing, sufficient to discharge their places in the college, and such as shalbe esteemed 
 and thought to bee persons provident and careful of the good of the college. 
 
 5. Item, That the two first seuior fellowes bee in degrees, at the least Masters of 
 Artes, of either of the Universities, Oxforde or Cambridge, preachers ; the two second 
 senior ffellowes, graduates and divines, the first of them to be an approved scholmaster, 
 and the second to be a sufficient scholler to be usher of the schole, the two first of 
 the sixe chaunters to be Musicians, of sufficient skUl in the art of musique to be 
 Oraganistes of the college, and to teach the poore SchoUers musique and to singe, and 
 the other fower chaunters to be singing men of the chappel, all of them single and 
 unmaried psons ; and if any of them shall marry after their admission, then he or 
 they so doinge to be removed from the college (ipso facto), and for ever made uncap- 
 able of any place or pf erment therein. 
 
 6. Item, I ordayne that every one of the sixe poore Brethren and sixe poore Sisters, 
 at the time of their admission, be single and unmaried persons, and every one of them 
 be of the age of three score yeares at the least, not infected with any noisome disease, 
 not decrepit in their limbes and members, of religious and sober lives and conversation ; 
 and if after their admission, they shall marry, comit adultery, or fornication, then he 
 or shee so doinge to be expelled the said college, and made for ever uncapable of any 
 place or relief in or from the said college. 
 
 7. Item, That every one of the poore SchoUers shalbe, at the time of their severall 
 election and admission, between the age of sixe or eight yeares or thereaboute, and to 
 
 VOL. I. I 
 
66 
 
 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 remaine as Scliollers in the said college noe longer but untill they hee eighteene yeares 
 of age at the most, and then at the chardge of the coUedge, to be put forth either for 
 Schollers or Trades as their cfipacity will fitt, all of them at the tyme of their said 
 admission to be orpliants, without father and mother, or at least such as their parents 
 receive the weeklye Almes of the parish where they live, and for want of such any 
 other poors children of the said pishes, such as the Assistantes of the said pish shall 
 think in most need. 
 
 8. Item, That two churchwardens of the pish of Saint Buttolphes whout Bishops- 
 gate, London ; and two Churchwardens of Saint Saviour's, in Southwarke, in the 
 Countie of Surrey ; and two Churchwardens of that part of the pish of S' Giles without 
 Crepplegate, London wch is in the Countie of Midd*., for the time being, for ever, 
 shalbe assistantes to the M', Warden, and ffellowes of the said College in the govern- 
 ing thereof. 
 
 9. Item, That the sixe poore brethren, and sixe poore sisters, and twelve pooro 
 schollers shalbe for ever chosen of the pishes herein specified, in manner and fonn 
 following ; that is to sale, two of the poore brethren, one of the poore sisters, and three 
 of the poore schollers out of the pish of S' Buttolphes whout Bishopsgate, London ; 
 two other of the poore brethren, and one of the poore sisters, and three of the poore 
 scholars, out of the pish of S* Saviour's in Southwark; one other of the poon; 
 brethren, and two of the poore sisters, and three of the poore schollers, out of that past 
 of the said pish of S' Giles without Crepplegate w"'' is in tlie countye of Midd ; one 
 other of the poore brethren, two of the poore sisters, and three of the poore schollers 
 out of the pishe of Camerwell, in the county of Surrey. 
 
 10. Item, That the churchwardens and vestrie of the pishes of S' Buttolphes 
 without Bisbopsgate, London ; of S' Saviour's, Southwarke, and of that pte of the 
 pishe of S* Giles without Crepplegate, which is in the Countie of Midd, shall severally, 
 in their pishes, make choice of ten poore persons, that is to sale, five poore Men and 
 five poore Woemen, in each of their pishes, to bee members of the said college, and to 
 bee admitted by them into my almeshouses at London, that from thence they may be 
 admitted into the college as places shall fall void ; provided that such as they admit 
 and choose be (as neere as may bee) single persons above the age of fiftj'e, and such 
 as have longest receaved the almes of those pishes, and if any of them after their 
 admittance marry, or become single and marry againe, that then every of the said 
 members so doing shall, by the assistants of that pishe where the same shall happen, 
 be thence expelled, and a new member chosen in his or her place that is expelled. 
 
 11. Item, That nine of the poore brethren and sisters shalbe elected out of those 
 thirtye members, as places shalbee void, that is, those that are to be elected out of S* 
 Buttolphes, S' Saviours, and S' Giles, in manner following, that is, the assistants of 
 that pishe, or of that part of the pish from whence the ptie deceased or departed had 
 bene taken before, shall, uppon notice given them by the master or warden of the 
 said college of the place then void, send such two of those members as the master or 
 warden shall noiate, wch said two persons shall draw lotts for the place, ever 
 receaving a man in a man's place, and a woman in a woman's place. 
 
 12. Item, that the manner of drawinge of the said lots shall be thus ; that is to 
 say, twoe equall small rowleses of pap' to be indifferently made and rolled up in one 
 of which rolls the wordes " Godd's Guift," are to be written, and the other rowle is to 
 be left blank, and so put into a boxe, wch boxe shalbe thrice shaken up and downe, 
 and the elder person of these two that are elected to drawe the first lot, and the 
 younger person the second ; and which of them draweth the Lott wherein the wordes 
 
1 626.] THE STATV2ES. 67 
 
 "God's-Guift " are written, shalbe forthwith admitted into the void place or ofBce of 
 the said college, as the case shall require, and the other pson either man or woman, wch 
 shall drawe the blanck lott, shall receave from the master or warden of the said 
 college so much of the pencon as would then have been due to the ptie deceased, 
 departed or expelled out of the said College the same to be accompted and satisfied 
 from the time of the said death, departure or expulsion. 
 
 13. Item, That when the place of the mr shall be void, then the warden shall take 
 upon him to be mr without delay, wthin the space of lower and twenty bowers after 
 the place be void, and shalbe admitted thereunto by the fellowes, or the most parte of 
 them, then recidinge in the College, and shall take the oathe hereafter expressed to be 
 ministered unto hun by tlie senior fellow then present, in the chappel of the saide 
 college, in the presence of the corporation then present, after morning or evening 
 praier, as occasion shall require. 
 
 14. Item, That the master, the next daye after his admission shall in the Chappell, 
 after morning praier, there appoint the Monday fortnight following for the election of 
 the warden, and shall also send three several! notes to all the assistants for to give 
 notice thereof in their several pish churches the next Saboth-day, expressing y* 
 qualitye and condicon of the pson elective. 
 
 15. Item, That upon the dale of the election of the warden, the master, the 
 assistants, and ffellowes, after all or the most parte of them be assembled, shall 
 decently and orderly goe into the Chappell, and there, after service and sermon, made 
 by one of the ffellowes, proceed to the election of a new warden ; after that y* senior 
 ffellowe then present shall publiquely and audibly read such and so many of y* 
 before-recited ordinaunces as doe expresse of what condicon and qualitie the psou 
 elected ought to be, and after that the elector shall make the election indifferently, 
 without partiality, favour, or res])ect of persons.* 
 
 16. Item, That if above number of two shall stand to be elected warden, equall in 
 blood and condicon, that then they shall passe by voices of the electors then present, 
 and that they two that shall have most voices to draw lotts for the place in such 
 manner and forme as is formerly expressed. 
 
 17. Item, That the warden shall presently after his election, and before his admission, 
 become bound in a statute of one thousand poundes, to one or two psons nominated 
 b}' most part of the electors then present, the defeazance whereof shalbe that, at all 
 reasonable time or times then after, he yield and make a pfect accompte of such 
 moneys, yssues, rentes, and proffitts wliich he shall then after his being warden 
 receave and take from and out of the landes, goodes, chattels or proffitts belonging to 
 the college or which in anywise shall concern the same. 
 
 18. Item, That the warden, after his admission, shall take the oath hereafter 
 prescribed, which shalbe administered unto him by one of the senior fellowes then 
 present in the bodie of the chappell, and afterwards lie, the Master and some of the 
 ffellowes shall receave the Holie Sacrament of the Lorde's Supper, to expresse the 
 mutual love and concord which is between them, and shall be conducted to his seate 
 in the chappell, and his lodginge in y' college by the master and the ffellowes of y' 
 college then present. 
 
 19. Item, That the warden at every such election shall provide a dynner that day 
 for the whoU college at his owne chardge. 
 
 20. Item, That iff both the places of master and warden shall happen to be void 
 
 * The word in the original is " elector." A question arose as to this ■word in the trial " The 
 Queen v. Dulwich College," 1851. 
 
68 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 at one tyme (which God forbidd), that then y' senior ifellow then present shall within 
 fewer and twentie houres give notice thereof to the assistants, to make speedy repaire 
 to the colledge within three dayes after, to-- joyne with the ffellowes in the election of 
 a new master, which shalbe in all points as is formerly described in the eleccon of a 
 warden ; the master being admitted, then presently, the next daie, to appoint a time 
 for the eleccon of a warden, as is above specified, and at every such eleccon the dynner 
 for the whole college shall be at the said master and warden's equal chardge. 
 
 21. Item, That when any of the ffellowes or chaunter's places shall be void by 
 death or otherwise, then the mr, warden, and the rest of the surviving ffellowes, shall, 
 wthin sixe weekes next after, provide two able and sufficient psons, according to the 
 statutes, to drawe the aforesaid lotts for the place, and he that draweth the righte lott 
 to be presently admitted, and the other to receave so much of the pension as pro- 
 portionably should have accrued to the person departed as aforesayde. 
 
 22. Item, That every pson so approved and allowed shall the next Sonday after 
 receave the Holie Communion of the Lord's Supper in the chappell, and shall take 
 the oath hereafter prescribed, ministered to him by the warden, and then shall, by the 
 master and warden, be admitted fellow or chaunter, and by them be then conducted 
 to his seate in the chappell, and likewise after evening praier that day before supper- 
 time to his chamber, and invested by them into the possession thereof. 
 
 23. Item, That when any of the poore Scholars' places, that is to saie, any of the 
 nyne that are to be chosen out of the parish of S' Buttolphes w'^out Bishopsgate, 
 London ; S' Saviour's in Southwark, and that part of the pish of Saint Giles whout, 
 Crepplegate, London, which is in the countye of Middx, shall happen to be void, then 
 the master and warden shall give notice thereof to the twoe churchwardens, the 
 assistants of that pishe, or of that part of the "pishe from whence the poore scholler, 
 departed or deceased, was firste receaved into the college, and they to cause three or 
 fower of the poore children of their pish to be sent to the college the Sunday se'nnio-ht 
 next following, by nyne of the clock in the forenoon, that the master or warden of the 
 said college may choose two to draw the said lotts for the vacant place, and he that 
 draweth the lott wherein the words " God's Guift " are written, shall presently be 
 admitted a poore scholler of the said college, and that poore childe that draweth the 
 blanck lott to have iiij* pence a day paid him for everye day after the death or 
 depture of y' poore scholler for whose place the lotts were drawne, to the tyme of the 
 drawing thereof. 
 
 24 Item, That the master, warden, and ffellowes shall for ever have the sole 
 denominacon and election of the poore brethren, poore sisters, and poore scholars, that 
 are to be elected out of the pish of Camerwell, to elect whom they shall thinck fitt, 
 wyout limitation of age, provided alwaies the persons elective (men and woemen) be 
 single and needy, and especially if they inhabit in the lordshippe of Dulwich, where 
 the College standeth, if y' may be. 
 
 The Master and Warden's Oath. 
 
 25._ I, A. B., admitted to the office of master or warden of the college of God's 
 Guift, in the county of Surrey, am a single pson, unmarried, uncontracted and so lon^ 
 as I shall execute the said office, will by God's assistance so continue. I shall never 
 fraudently malitiously or wittingly, for my part, goe about to alter or chauncre the 
 foundation of the said college or any pte thereof, or any ordinance or statute ordavned 
 or made for the government thereof, but to the best and uttermost of my power shall 
 
i626.] THE STATUTES. 69 
 
 faithfully keeps and observe the same, nor shall doe any arte or artes, thing or things, 
 to the derogacon, disturbance, hinderance, or damage of the said CoUedge, but shall 
 defend and keepe all the rights, priviledges and prerogatives thereof, togither with the 
 gnodes and landes thereunto belonging, and diligently prosecute, maintains and defend 
 all suits and pleadings which shall in any sort concern the said college, or the defence 
 of the landes and goodes, or the rights or privileges thereunto belonging ; and whatso- 
 ever goodes or cattell of or belonging to the said college shall come to my handes I 
 shall truly and carefully restore and cause to be restored without any contradiScon ; 
 and I doe lastly sweare tliat I will truly pforme all and every part of this oath, 
 w*''out any equivocacon, mentall reservation, or procuring any dLspensacon or absolucon 
 from the same, and not to accept of any such dispensacou or absolucon yf yt shalbe 
 procured. So help me God, aud the holie contents of this book. 
 
 The warden to take the same oath at his admittance, mutatis mutandis. 
 
 The Oath of all the ffellowes. 
 
 26. I, A. B., admitted to be one of the ffellowes of this colledge of God's Guift in 
 Dulwich in the countie of Surrey, ame a single person and unmaried, aud, so long as 
 I hold and have the said office or place shall contynue a single life, during which time 
 I will not accept of or take any other service, yearly wages or stipend, of any other 
 pson or psons whatsoever, wliich may in any sort bee preiudiciall or hurtfull to this 
 place, and I will to my uttermost and beste endeavour execute the said office, and 
 will, according to the statutes and ordinances of the said college, be obedient to the 
 master and warden thereof in all things lawfull, but especially in matters concerning 
 the good and welfare of the said college, and I will faithfully execute and doe to my 
 best endeavours all matters wherein I shalbe imployed concerning the same and the 
 welfare thereof ; and if yt happen I shalbe herehence preferred or removed, I shall 
 at all times, as occasion is offered, doe my best endeavour to further and advaunce 
 the good and welfare of this college, the statutes of this said college, according to the 
 plaine and grammaticall sence thereof, I shall trulie and faithfully keepe to the best 
 and uttermost of my skill and power, and I shall never consent, agree, or give way to 
 any alienacon, sale, disposicon or putting awaie any of the lands, tentes, rents, goods, 
 profitts, or any other thing whatsoever, that doth belong or appteyne to the said 
 college, nor challendge or clayme any pptie therein, or in any pte thereof, directly or 
 indirectly, to my own use, nor by any wayes or meanes whatsoever practise or goe 
 about to alter or change the foundacon of the said college, nor any part thereof, or 
 any ordinance or statute ordayned or made for the government thereof ; or doe any 
 act or actes, thing or thinges, to the derrogacon, disturbance, or hinderance of the said 
 colledge, but shall defend and keepe to the uttermost of my power all the licrhtes 
 priviledges, and prerogatives thereof, togither with the goodes and landes thereunto 
 Ijelonging ; and whatsoever goodes or cattell of or belonging to the said college shall 
 come to my handes, I shall truly and carefully restore and deliver, or cause to be 
 restored and delivered to the master or v^arden of the said college, without any con- 
 tradiccon ; all which I doe sweare faithfully and trulie to observe and pforme, without 
 any equivocacon, mentall reservacon or procuring any dispensacon or absolucon from 
 the same, or accepting any such if yt shalbe procured. So helpe me God, and the 
 holie contents of this book. 
 
70 HISTORY OF DULWJCH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 Thk Oath of the Sixe Pook Brethren and Sisters. 
 
 27. You, A. B., mito whome God out of his goodnesse and mercy hath bestowed 
 this guift to be one of the poore brethren or sisters of this. College of God's Guift, in 
 Dulwich, in the countie of Surrey, shall here professe, that you are a single person 
 and unmaried, and shall so continue all the time that you abide in tliis college ; you 
 shall not deceiptfully, malitiously, or wittinglye for your part, breake any of the 
 ordinances or statutes of this college, but trulie observe, keepe, and pforme the same, and 
 you shall never consent, grauut, or agree to any alienacon, sale or puttinge away any 
 of the laudes, tefites, rentes, goods, or profitts, or other things that doe or hereafter 
 shall belong or appteyne to the said college, nor by any manner of waies or means 
 practise or goe about to alter or chaunge the foundacon of this college, or any statute 
 or ordinance made for the welfare and government thereof ; nor doe or commit any 
 acte or actes, thing or thinges, to the derrogacon, disturbance, losse or damage of the 
 said college. So helpe you God, and the hoUe contents of this book 
 
 The Oath of tife Assistants. 
 
 28. You, A. B. Churchwardens of the pishe, &c. who are nowe admitted to be one 
 of the assistantes of this College of God's Guift in Dulwich, in the countie of Surrey, 
 doe sweare that you for yom- parte shall not willingly or wittingly give consent at 
 any time hereafter to the breaking or alteracon of the foundacon of this college, or of 
 anj"- ordinance or statute made concerning the same or the government thereof, but so 
 well as you may sec them trulie kept and performed ; and that you shall not consent, 
 graunt, or agree to the alienacon, sale or putting awaie any the landes, tefites, rents, 
 profiitts, goods, or other thinges that doe belong or apptayne, or shall hereafter helong 
 or appertayne, to the said college, nor take any of the profitts thereof, then what by 
 the ffbunder of this colledge is given or allowed to you, and that you shall not doe or 
 consent to the doing of any act or actes, thing or thinges, to your knowledge, which 
 shall or may in any sort disturbe, hinder, preiudice, or damage the colledge, all which 
 you shall sweare trulie to performe and keepe. So helpe you God and the holie 
 contents of this booke. 
 
 29. Item, That whensoever and as often as any master, warden, fellowe, poore 
 brother, or poore sister, shalbe admitted to be of the said college, and have taken his, 
 her, or their oath accordingly, then the senior fellowe then present in the said college,' 
 shall forthwith say as followeth :— " Now in the name of God, and of the whoU 
 " corporation of this college, and of the assistants, and members thereof; I doe pro- 
 " Bounce you to be master, warden, fellow, poore brother, or poore sister of this 
 " College of God's Guift in Dulwich, in the countie of Surrey, according to the lawes 
 " statutes, and ordinances thereof." ° ' 
 
 The Master's Office. 
 
 30. Item, That the Master shall be the chiefest person in the said collcTe and 
 shalbe observed with reverence by all the rest of the persons of the said colle°fre • he 
 shall governe all the persons thereof, and admonish, correct, and punish them accordinCT 
 to the statutes; and if greater occasions and businesses drawe him not away, he shall 
 be present at the quarterly, monethly and weekely accompts of the warden ;' he shall 
 prosecute and defend all suits tliat in any sort shall coucerne the college, or the rights 
 
1 626.] THE STATUTES. 71 
 
 liberties, and the advancement thereof, at the charge of the college ; he shall not in 
 any sort coinpromit or end any suit, but by a judiciall and legall triall, sentence or 
 judgment ; He shall have.a doable or casting voice in all matters of difference, con- 
 cerning the college, and the government thereof, and that only when the voices are 
 equall ; he shall take speciall care that the poore brethren and sisters be not wronged 
 by any of the college, and that the poore SchoUers be not abused; he shall goo 
 weekely to view their chamber and to see that they be kept cleane by the matron 
 appointed for that purpose ; and Lastly, hee shall take care that the statutes of the 
 College be duly observed and kept in all points. 
 
 The "Warden's Opfice. 
 
 31. Item, The Warden shall receave and take the rentes, yssues, and proiiitta 
 belonging to the said colledge, and pay, disburse, and defray all the rentes, peuCons, 
 and all other payments which are to be made by the said college for y* use and 
 maintenance thereof to all psons in any sort thereto belonging. 
 
 32. Item, he shall, so often as the master is absent from the college, or sick or 
 infirme, doe, execute, and pforme all tldnges and acts that the master is bound to doe 
 by his place, and the master shall doe the like for the warden vrhen he shalbe absent, 
 sick, or infirme, so that he cannot execute his place. 
 
 The Office of the Eellowes. 
 
 33. Item, The two senior fellowes shall preach two sermons every Sunday, one in 
 the forenoone, and the other in the afternoone, and one sermon on the first of September, 
 another on the nativity of our Lord God, and on the severall daies sett downe; they 
 shall also daily (as likewise all the ffellowes) attend (but on Sondayes and holy-dayes, 
 Sattordaies in the afternoone, and all hollidaye Eevus, in their surplices) the master 
 and warden to the chappell and there continue during the whole service time • and 
 they shall sing their partes in the quire: And if the third and fourth fellowes be 
 absent both togither, then they shall performe all ministeriall dutyes in the chappell. 
 The senior of them two shall keepe the register booke for christeninges, weddings, and 
 burialis, and both of them shall doe all offices belonging to their ministry, as celebrat- 
 ing the Sacraments, wedd, bury, christen, and visit tiie sick within the said Collecre • 
 and if they be absent, then the third and fourth fellowes shall pforme the same. 
 
 34. Item, The third fellowe shall be Master of the Schole, and the fourth shall bo 
 usher who shall be obedient to the Master ; both of them shall sing their parts in the 
 quire, and shall have a special care for the good and vertuous instruction and educacon 
 of the schollers comitted to their chardge j and they shall, alternis vicibus, reade prayers 
 weekely in the Chappell. 
 
 35. Item, That the two first of the sixe chaunters, alias junior fellowes, be men of 
 approved skill in musique to sounde the organs in the chappell, and singe their partes 
 in the quire, and shall prick all such services and anthems as the master shall comand 
 for the use of the chappell into faire Books, and also all other songes and musiques for 
 the private or publique use of the college, both for violls and voices, and those they 
 shall keepe faire, and at their departure leave them to the college ; and they shall 
 teach the poore schollers to sing prick-songe, and to play upon the violls, vircinalls 
 organs, and other instruments, as they shalbe found capable, and to teach and direct 
 any other pson or psons of the college that are to sing their partes in the chappell, or 
 
72 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 any whom the M', warden, and two senior fellowes shall think fit. And the other 
 fower of the said chanters, als junior fellowes, to be singers in the chappell, and psons 
 well skilled and exercised in prick song, and to be men of handicraft trades, viz'., 
 taylors, glovers, imbroderers, shoemakers, or such like; and these fower Chaunters,_ als 
 junior fellowes, for avoyding idlenesse, shalbe imployed in their trades by the appoint- 
 ment of the master, warden, and fower senior fellowes, or the most part of them, for 
 the generall good of the college, both in making the poore schollers apparell and shoes, 
 and otherwise, as they shall direct, provided all stuff shall be found them at the college 
 charge. They shall also every day, in the afternooue, teach and instruct in their 
 several manufactures, such and so many of the poore SchoUers, as shalbe found unfit 
 for the universitye ; and that they may not loose thek musique, half the number shalbe 
 taught the trades one afternoone, and the other of them the other afternoone. 
 
 The Office of the Pooke Bkethken and Sisters. 
 
 36. Item, That the sixe poore Brethren shall, by turnes weekely sweepe and keepe 
 cleane the inner and outward courts and cloysters of the College ; and if any through 
 infirmity shalbe unable to pforme the same, then he to give allowance, at the discretion 
 of the master or warden, to any of the other poore brethren that shall doe yt for him. 
 
 37. Item, That the Master shall make choice of one of the ablest and healthiest of 
 the poore sisters, to be matron of the twelve poore schollers, to make their bedds, 
 sweepe their chamber, mend their cloathes, and entend them, and noe other person 
 whatsoever. In respect of w"" service of hers the other five poore sisters shall give 
 her sixpence a piece quarterly, to be deducted out of their pencions, and paid her by 
 the warden ; And if any of the poore brethren or sisters dye during her time of being 
 matron, then she to have two parts of their goodes that are deceased (being divided 
 into twelve partes) ; And if she shall happen to be sick, then the ablest of the other 
 five shall entend the poore Schollers during her sickness, and for that time have her 
 allowance. 
 
 -38. Item, I ordaine that the master and warden shall appoint one other of y° oldest 
 and ablest of the poore sisters to make bedds and sweepe the chambers of any of the 
 fellows or chaunters, yf they shall require such attendance. And in case that if none 
 of the poore sisters shalbe able and fitt to pforme yt, then maye bee admitted any 
 poore woman in the towne for that office, with the consent of the master or warden, 
 under their handes, and not otherwise. 
 
 39. Item, the other five poore Sisters shall weede and keepe cleane the gardens in 
 the forecourt of the college, and all the poore brethren and sisters shall alwaies be 
 ready and willing to the best of their abilityes, by the master's or warden's appointment, 
 to helpe and comfort, as well the one as the other, as also the poore schollers, as well 
 in sickness as in health. 
 
 The Office of the Poetee. 
 
 40. Item, I ordaine that the porter of the college shalbe continually present in the 
 said college, and for the most parte, in the lodge qr the fore-court yard ; hee shall keepe 
 the keys in the daytime of all the outward gates, and shall open them in summer at 
 five in the morninge, and lock them at ten at night ; and in tiie winter, at sixe in the 
 morning, and at nine at night. And every day, a quarter of an hower after the bell 
 hath called to dynner and supper, shall lock up the said gates and come into the hall, 
 
1 626.] THE STATUTES. 73 
 
 to wayte iipon the master or warden at their table, and after dynner and supper shall 
 open the said gates againe. Hee shall also keepe the keys of the chappell, and every 
 morning after he hath opened the gates shall sweepe and keepe cleane the said chappell, 
 as heretofore yt hath bene accustomed, and shall keepe the clock, toll the bell or bells 
 for service, and every night, after the gates are shutt and lockt, shall bring all the keys 
 to the warden. 
 
 The Office of the x\ssistants, 
 
 41. Item, That the Assistants shall twice every yeare repaire to the College to 
 heare and see the audit and view the accompts of the warden and others, that is, on 
 the fourth day of March and the fourth day of September, but if any of those dayes be 
 Sunday, then the next day after, and also be present at the college wlien the m' or 
 warden shall be elected and sworne. 
 
 The Office of the Thietv Members. 
 
 42. Item, That the thirtye members shall repaire to the college fower times in 
 every yeare (if sicknesse and infirmity hinder not them) that is, on the fourth of 
 September, on the fourth of March, on Midsomer day, and on the feast of Saint 
 Thomas ; yf any of those days happen to be Sunday, then on the next day following, 
 at wch time they are to receive their quarterly pensions, and other monies allowed 
 them by the College. 
 
 Eesidesce. 
 
 43. Item, That the master, warden, and the two senior fellowes, .shalbe continually 
 resident in the coUedge ; the m' shall not be absent from the same without the consent 
 of the warden, the senior or junior feUowes, or the most part of them, under their 
 handes in wryting, above three dayes in any one weeke, upon paine of forfeyting for 
 the first offence five marks, for the second twenty nobles, for the thirde ten pouudes. 
 The warden and two senior ffellowes shall not be absent from the said college, unless 
 yt be with the consent of the Master, and the rest of the senior and junior sEfellowes, 
 or the most part of them, under their handes in wryting, above two daies in the weeke, 
 upon paine of forfeyting, by the said warden for the first offence twenty shillings, for 
 the second ffourty shillinges, and for the third fower pounds ; and upon paine of for- 
 feyting by the said two senior fellowes, every one for his first offence ten shillinges, 
 for the second twentie shillinges, and for the third ffourtie shillinges ; and if the 
 master, warden, or any two of the senior ffellowes shall offend in the offence of non- 
 residence the fourth time, that then he or they so offending shalbee expelled the 
 College, and made for ever uncapable of any place or pfitt in or from the same. 
 
 44. Item, that if any of the rest of the senior or junior fellowes be absent above one 
 dale in a weeke, w"'out leave from the master, warden, and most pte of the senior or 
 junior ffellowes, under their handes in writing, upon payne of forfeyting, hee or they so 
 offendinge, for the first offence, five shillinges ; for the second, ten shillinges ; for the 
 third, twenty shillinges ; for the fourth offence therein expulsion from the college, and 
 for ever made uncapable of any place or benefitt in or from the college ; provided that 
 there bee noe leave graunted to any pson above fourtie daies w'Mn one yeare at the 
 moste, one tyme with another. Provided also, that there be not above two of the 
 senior or junior ffellowes absent at any one time from the said college, but in case of 
 urgent necessitye. 
 
 VOL. I. K 
 
 ( 
 
74 
 
 HiSTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 45. Item, that if any of the senior or junior fellowes shall happen to hee trouhled 
 with any noisome sicknes, such as in the judgment of the M'., warden, and most pte of 
 the rest of the senior or junior ffellowes is infectious, and would prove dangerous and 
 piudiciall to the rest of the members of the college, then the said ifellow to procure a 
 sufficient man to dischardge his place at his owne charge, and himself to be remooved 
 for the tyme. 
 
 46. item, that if the warden shall, withe lawful consent as aforesaid, be absent 
 above the time before specified, it shall be lawful for the master to appointe one of the 
 senior ffellowes to supply the place of the warden under the name of sub-warden, only 
 to looke to the provision and defray the disbursem" of the college until the return 
 of the warden, and the master shall deliver competent money for that purpose unto the 
 said ffellowe, who during that time shall be resident in the college, in such authority 
 and sorte as the warden ought to bee when he is present. 
 
 47. Item, that the master and warden shall not be both absent from the college at 
 one tyme, but in case of inevitable necessity, and then for so short a tyme as may bee. 
 
 48. Item, that none of the poore brethren or sisters, or of the poore schollers shall 
 be absent from the college any day or time. without leave of the master or warden; 
 and if any of the poore brethren or sisters shall offend herein, then he or she so 
 offending shall, for the first offence forfeit five shillinges, for the second, ten shillinges, 
 for the third, one monthes pension, for the fourth, expulsion from the college, and for 
 ever be made uncapable of any place or benefitt in or from the said college. 
 
 Oedees foe the Poore and theie Goods. 
 
 49. Item, that none of the thirty poore members that have notice given them for 
 their election to be of the College, shall give, sell, or alien any of theire goodes or 
 chattells whereof hee or shee were then possessed, but they shall bring the same with 
 them into the college, for their own use during their naturall lives, and at their death 
 shall leave the same to be disposed of in manner and forme foUowinge. The warden 
 or his deputy shall take an Inventory of the goodes of the sicke pson in the time of 
 his or her sicknes, or (if that cannot be done) within one day after his or her death, 
 if infeccon deny not and shall cause the said goods and chattells to be sould and the 
 price thereof, or the goods themselves, to bee divided into twelve parts ; whereof the 
 matron of the schollers shall have a double share, and the other ten single shares 
 a piece and this order to be observed, touching the Goods of any poore brother or 
 sister of the said college that shall dye. 
 
 50. Item, that the poor brethren and sisters shall, once a moneth, or as often as 
 the master, warden, and fower senior ffellowes shall think fitt, give accompt how they 
 doe bestowe and spend their monethly pensions ; and if any shalbe found to waste his 
 or her pension so as they shall want necessarie apparell or furniture for his or her 
 chamber, that then it shall be lawful for the master to receave the pension of the 
 delinquent, pportioning them a competent diet, wch beinge disbursed, the surplusage 
 shalbe imployed to provide for the said poore brother or sister such apparell and 
 household stuff as he shall thinck fitt, especially necessary apparell, and bed clothes 
 both lynnen and woolen. ' 
 
 51. Item, I ordaine that none of the poore brethren shall come into any of the 
 poore sisters howses, nor any of the poore sisters shall come into any of the poore 
 brethrens houses, without the appointment of the master or warden, and that in time 
 of sicknes when helpe and comfort is requisite. 
 
i626.] THE STATUTES. 75 
 
 52. Item, that none of the ffellowes, poor brethren or sisters, shall keepe any 
 dogges, poultry, or any other noisome cattell, within the said college, beside a catt. 
 
 53. Item, that none of the poore brethren or sisters shall washe any of his, hers, or 
 their lynnen, or any other clothes in any of their lodginges, and that they nor any- 
 body ells hang or spredd any clothes to be ayred or diyed in the inner or outward 
 courts of the college, nor cast into any of the courts either dust, water, or any other 
 filthes; and if any of the said poore brethren or sisters shalbe found at any time 
 walking or going out of their chambers without their gownes, hee or shee shall forfeyt 
 for every time found so doing sixe pence. 
 
 54. Item, that the poore brethren and sisters shall not frequent any tavernes or ale 
 bowses, and if any of them be drunck and convicted thereof by the master, warden, 
 senior and junior ffellowes, or most pte of them, whereof the master or warden to be 
 one, that then hee or shee so offending shall forfeyt for the first, second, and third 
 offence, three dales pension for each of those times ; for the fourth offence, shall be set 
 in the stocks, in the utter court of the said college, by the space of one hower, and 
 also loose three dales pension ; for the fift be sett in the stocks in the place aforesaid 
 for the space of two howers, and loose one weeks pension ; for the sixt, be sett in the 
 stocks in the place aforesaide for the space of three howers, and loose two weekes 
 pension ; and for the seaventh offence, be expelled from the college forthwith, and 
 made uncapable of any place or benefitt in or from the colledge. 
 
 Obedience. 
 
 55. Item, I ordaine, and for ever establish, for all succeeding tymes to come, that if 
 any of the fellowes, poore brethren or sisters, or servaunts of the said College, shall 
 disobey or withstand the master, or, in his absence, the warden or sub-warden of the 
 saide College, for the time being, in anye lawfull or fitt matter or thing commanded 
 or enjoyned him her or them to be done in their several places by the master, warden, 
 or suib-warden of the said college for the said College, or the well and orderly govern- 
 ment thereof ; that then and in every such case, the partie so offending, and found to 
 be guilty, either by evidence of the fact, or proof of two witnesses, or his or her own 
 confession ; he or shee shall, for the first offence, forfeyt sixe shilliuges eight pence ; 
 and if hee or shee shall continue afterwardes three dales obstinate, and not pforme the 
 same iniunction or commaund, being a second time required, then hee or shee so 
 offending shalbe expelled the said college for ever, and be made uncapable to have or 
 enjoy any place or office there, or receave any benefitt or profitt from thence. 
 
 56. Item, that the master and warden of the said college for the tyme beinge, or 
 either of them, shall at any convenient time or times enter or come into any of the 
 chambers of the ffellowes, brethren, sisters, schollers, or servaunts of the said college, 
 to see the order and decency thereof, and if they or any of them shall refuse to pmitt 
 or suffer the master or warden so to doe, then he, shee, or they so offending shall 
 forthwith be expelled the said college, unles the cause of such his, her, or their 
 refusall by the master, warden, ffellowes, or the most pte of them, shalbe taken to be 
 sufficient. 
 
 57. Item, that the master, warden, and ffellowes of the said coUege, or the most 
 part of them, shall command and inhibit any person residing in the said college, from 
 resorting to the house of any pticular man or woman in Dulwich, or within a mile of 
 the same. 
 
 58. Item, that none of the ffellowes, poore brethren, or sisters, or schollers of the 
 
76 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 said college, oUier tliaa the survej'or of Ihe diett for the time being, shall goe into the 
 kitchen, larder, buttrye, pantry, or other offices of the saide colledge, but with the 
 consent or leave of the master and warden of the said college or one of them. 
 
 Ordsees for the Chapell axd the celebrating of Diuine Service. 
 
 59. Item, I ordaitie and for ever establish, that in all succeediDg times to come the 
 service which shall be reade and sunge in the said chappell shalbe daily read and 
 snng in such manner and forme, as neare as may be, as is usually observed in the 
 King's Chappell, or in the Collegiate Church of S' Peter at Westminster, and that 
 the master, warden, senior and junior ffellowes, and poore schoUers of the said college 
 on Sundaiea, holydaies and eves, in their sui-plices, and other working dales in their 
 gownes, shall daily sing their partes in the quire of the said chappell, and if the m', 
 warden, or any of the senior fellows be not present in their singing, or cannot sing 
 their parts iu the quire, that then he or they that shalbee defective therein shall find 
 everie of them at his and their own charge a severall pson that can sing his pte in the 
 quire to supplie his or theire place that is defective, untill hee or they shalbe able to 
 pforme the same. 
 
 And I further ordaine, that, if yt may be, all the other servaunts or officers of tlie 
 said CoUege to have knowledge in prick-songe, or to learne the same after their 
 coming to the said college, and to sing his or their parte in the quire also at times 
 convenient. 
 
 60. Item, That on every Saboth and festivall daye, the service shall begin at nyne 
 of the clock in the forenoon, and at two of the clock in the afternoone ; and on the 
 weeke dayes the morning service to begin at half an hower past ten of the clock, and 
 the evening service to begin at five of the clock, from our Lady-daie in Lent, to 
 Michaelmas, and irom Michaelmas to our Lady-daie in Lent, at lialf an hower past 
 fewer, except festivall eves, and holidaies eves, and Sattordayes, v?"" shall be observed 
 as on holidayes. The warning for aU the services shalbe w"" three times tolling the 
 bell or bells. 
 
 61. Item, that at the end of the second tolling of the bell or bells to morninc and 
 evening praier every dale, the warden, junior and senior ffellowes, and twelve poore 
 schollers of the said college, shalbe ready and attend in the hall of the said college y' 
 coming of the master, and goe before them into the Chappell, and the poore brethren 
 and sisters to he ready and attend in the poarch before the said hall and chappell ; and 
 then the poore brothers and sisters shall first goe into the said chappell, and then the 
 poore schollers, two and two, and then the junior and senior ffellowes,' two and two, 
 and then the warden alone, and then the master alone, and after him the servaunts 
 and officers of the bowse of the said college in their liveryes, and there to stale and 
 remaine and not to depart out of the said chappell during the whole time of Divine 
 Service, except suddaine sicknes or other extraordinary occasions require yt ; and after 
 service ended they are to come out of the said chappell in like order as they went in, 
 and the poore brethren and sisters to stale in the porch until the master and warden be 
 come into the hall of the said college ; and the warden, senior and junior ffellowes, 
 poore brethren and sisters, to be at those tymes in their gownes, and the poor schollers 
 in their coats and capps ; And if the warden shall faile to be in his gowne to forfeit 
 fower pence, and if any of the senior or junior ffellowes shall fail to be in his or their 
 gowne, to forfeyt two pence a piece for every time he or they so doth, and if any of 
 the said poore brethren and sisters shall faile to be in their gownes, to forfeyt one penny 
 
i626.] THE STATUTES. Ti 
 
 a piece. These forfeytures to be increased at tlie discretion of the master of the said 
 coUedge for the time Taeing. 
 
 62. Item, that the master, warden, senior and junior ffellowes, poore brethren and - 
 sisters of the said college for the time being, and all other psons belonging to the 
 said College of age and discretion, shall receave the holie communion if conveniently 
 they may in the chappell of the said college fiower times in the yeare, for ever, (that 
 is to say,) on Easter-day, Whitsonday, the first Sunday in September, and on the Feast 
 of the Nativity of our Lord God ; and on those dales the college shall feast the twelve 
 poore brothers and sisters of the saide college at dinner and supper at the charge of 
 the college. 
 
 63. Item, that the fower senior ffellowes shall from time to time, as often as there 
 shalbe occasion, visitt and comfort, the best they male, all such psons of the said 
 college as shall be in extremitie of sickness, or any other adversitie. 
 
 64. I Qrdaine that as often as the master, warden, or any of the senior or junior 
 ffellowes of the said college shall dye, that he or they so dying shall be buryed in the 
 vaults for that purpose in the upper end of the quire of the chappeU of the said college, 
 and that noe other person or persons besides the said master, warden, or ffellowes after 
 my decease shalbe buried in the said chappell or vaults, or either of them. The 
 middle vault for the master and wardens, and the other two vaults for the senior or 
 junior fellows. 
 
 Okdeiis for the Schoole and Schollees. 
 
 65. Item, I Ordayne and for ever establish, for all succeeding times to come, that 
 the master and usher of the saide schoole and the two masters of musique of the said 
 College shall every of them teach the said twelve poor schollers of the said schole in 
 good and sound learning, wryting, reading, grammar, musique and good manners and 
 shall admit no scholler into the said schole, nor put any out, but with the consent and 
 approbation of the master or warden of the said college for the time being, under their 
 or one of their hand wryting ; they shall not, in regard of other Schollers being to be 
 taught in the said schole, neglect the said twelve poore schoUers, but it shalbe their 
 principal and speciall care to teache and instruct them with all care and diligence ; 
 they shall freely, whout recompense or reward, teache and instruct the children of the 
 inhabitants within Dulwich aforesaid in wrytinge and grammar ; and I do ordaine that 
 the said master or usher of the schole be such as be able to teache the poore Schollers 
 to write a faire hand, and shall provide and find at their own chardge sufficient 
 pennes, inck and paper for all the said twelve poore schoUers, both for wryting and 
 ciphering books, and for the grammarians to make their lattins in. 
 
 66. Item, that the usher of the said schole for the time being, in absence of the 
 schole master, shall teach, goveme and instruct the schollers of the schole master's 
 formes in such manner and order in all things, as the said scholemaster shall direct 
 and appoint. 
 
 67. Item, that the scholemaster and usher of the said schole shall so divide the 
 formes, charge, and teaching the Schollers betweene them, so that neither of them be 
 overchardged or pressed with multitude of schollers, nor the schollers of the said 
 schole neglected thereby and left untaught, and the usher of the saide Schole in his 
 manner and forme of teaching to be alwayes directed by the scholemaster, and to 
 yield an accompt to the scholemaster of the schollers under his charge, how they doe 
 profitt in learning, and howe apt and capable they and every of them are for learning, 
 
78 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 and they both, and the musique masters to yield an accompt to the master and warden 
 and the most part of the other senior and junior fellowes of the said college for those 
 that are committed to their charge to be instructed ; and if the master or usher of the 
 said Schole shall at any time be sick, then, during that time, the one shall supply the 
 other's place, for so long time as the master of the said college shall thinck fitt ; and if 
 the master or usher of the said schole shall happen to dye, or be expelled the said 
 college, then he that surviveth or remayneth, to supply both places in the said schole 
 until a new master or usher be chosen or admitted. 
 
 68. Item, that if there shalbe any contagious or infectious sicknes in Dulwich, ;^t 
 shall be lawful for the scholemaster and usher of the said college at the tyme appointed 
 by ye master or warden thereof to omit the publique teaching of the said schole of 
 the inhabitants' children of Dulwich aforesaid, and such other fori'eign schollersas doe 
 not lodge within the said CoUege ; and if the said contagion or infection shall, at any 
 time, happen to be within the said College (which God forbid), then, and in every such 
 case, it shalbe lawful for any pson abiding in the said college with the consent of the 
 master, warden, senior and junior ffeUowes, or the most part of them, to depart or 
 remove from the said college for the time only as the said contagion doth endure. 
 Provided alwaies, that two of the senior fellowes of the said college be continually at 
 the said college to comfort and cherish with their best advice the poore and sick 
 people of the said college at ye discretion of the said master and warden of the said 
 college ; and if any poore brother or sister shall die of the plague, the house of the 
 said poore brother or sister shalbe shutt up sixe weekes, and after such time the door 
 shalbe opened, and their goods sould to some persons not being of the coUege, and a 
 fortnight after that the said person's place may be supplied againe. 
 
 69. Item, I ordaine, that the inhabitants in Dulwich aforesaid shall have their 
 men children freely taught in the Schole of the said coUedge, only giving two shillinges 
 for every childes admittance, and six-pence a quarter to the scholmaster towards 
 broomes and rodds, and every year at Mich"' a pound of good candells for the use of 
 the Schole, and for such forreyner's children (other then of Dulwich aforesaid) which 
 shalbe schollers in the said schole, their friends shall paie the scholmaster and usher 
 of the said schole such allowance as the master and warden shall appointe ; and I 
 especially ordaine that together with the twelve poore schoUers of the colledge, the 
 number shall not exceede four score at any one time. 
 
 70. Item, I ordaine, that all benefittes accruing to the schole by reason of any towne, 
 or forreyn schollers shall continually be divided into three partes, whereof the master 
 of the Schole shall have two parts, and the usher one pte, the charge of pennes, inck 
 and paper for the poore schollers, as aforesaid, first deducted. 
 
 71. Item, Thatthe musique masters of the said college, for the time being, shall 
 teach and instruct in song and musique freely, all psons wch are in the said college 
 at the master and warden's appointement, and for any other schollers, wh'"" desire to 
 learne song or musique, they shall receive such rewardes as the master or warden for 
 the time being shall appoint, the benefit of which or any otherwise accrevsing to the 
 said two musique masters shall equally be divided betweene them, y' charge of 
 stringes, pennes, inck and paper first deducted. 
 
 HOWERS OF SCOLINGE. 
 
 72. Item, that from the first of Marche, yeareley, untiU the first of September fol- 
 lowmg, every scholler shaU come in the grammar schole at six a clock in the morninge. 
 
i626.] THE STATUTES. 79 
 
 and there to continue untill half an hower past nyne of the clock, and to come and be 
 againe in the schole at one of the clock in the af ternoone, and there remain until fower 
 of the clock ; And from the first of September yearely, to the first of March then 
 following, shall come at seaven in the morning and stale till half an hower past nyne, 
 and to come againe at one in the afternoone, and there to stale till half an hower past 
 three. And the usher of the said schole to come and be in the said schole within a 
 quarter of an hower after the schollers, and the master of the said schole to come and 
 bee in the said schole within half an hower after the schollers time of coming into the 
 said schole ; And the usher shall, at his coming into the said schole, cause the roll of 
 the said Schollers to be called, and to take a note of those which are absent of the 
 master's formes, and present them to the master at his coming into the said schole ; 
 and the said master and usher in their severall places shall admonish and correct those 
 which were absent or did come too late, as the case shall require ; And the master and 
 usher, or one of them, to abyde or remaine in the said schole during the tyme tliat the 
 schollers of the said schole are to remayne and abide therein. 
 
 73. Item, that such schollers as learne musique in the said college shall come 
 into the musique schole or roome every forenoone at half an hower past nyne of the 
 clock, and every afternoone at half an hower past three, and at play dales at one 
 of the clock in the afternoone, and there contynue in learning their song and 
 musique. 
 
 74. Item, that the scholmaster of y* said college shall appoint a short forme and 
 order of prayer to be said and observed every morning in the said schole by the 
 schollers thereof, kneeling on their knees, the master and usher of the said schole, or 
 one of them, to be continually thereat. 
 
 75. Item, I ordaine that the master and usher of the grammar schole, and also the 
 two masters and teachers of musique, during the bowers and times assigned for 
 teaching the said schollers, shall not both be absent out of the said schole at one 
 time, unles yt be during such time as they or either of tliem shall have leave in 
 wryting under the hand of the master, or, in his absence, the warden of the said 
 college for the time being. 
 
 76. Item, I ordaine that the schollers of the said schoole shall be divided and 
 placed into severall formes according to their capacityes, and as they shall proceed in 
 learninge without any ptiality or affection to be shewed or used by the scholmaster 
 or usher of the said schole therein. 
 
 77. Item, I ordaine that the master and usher of the said schole shall teach and 
 instruct the schollers thereof according to the rules and precepts of the grammar 
 allowed in England, and to teach and instruct in such other books as are commaunded 
 by publique aucthoritye, and are usually taught in the free grammar scholes of West- 
 minster and Paules. 
 
 78. Item, I ordaine that if any of the children of the inhabitants of Dulwich 
 which shalbe schollers in the said schole, shalbe absent at any time from the said 
 schole above the space of one and twenty dales, unless yt be by reason or occasion of 
 sicknes, and his parentes or freindes will have him to be or contynue a scholler there, 
 they shalbee at the chardge to paie for his new admittance. 
 
 79. Item, I ordaine that at such times as the election dayes shalbe yearely for the 
 free schooles of Westminster or the Marchant Taylor's Schole in London, the master 
 or usher of the said schole of the said college for the tyme being, shall yearely goe to 
 either of the said scholes at those times, and take with him or them the schollers of 
 the highest forme in the schoole of the said college to see and heare the orations and 
 
8o HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d, 
 
 exercises used and uttered by the schollers of those scholes on those dales, to the end 
 they may observe and marke the manner and forme thereof. 
 
 80. Item, I ordaine that the said twelve poore schollers, and evy of them for the 
 time being, as he shall attaine to the age of eighteene yeares, shall then bee sent out 
 of the said college and preferred to the universitie, or some trade or manual occupacon, 
 as his capacity shalbe litt, at the chardge of y° college, wherein I would have the mr, 
 warden, senior and junior fellowes of the said colledge for the time being, or the most 
 part of them, shall for ever diligently and carefully observe w°" of the poore schollers 
 for the time being wilbe fitt and capable for the universitye, and w""" are to be sent 
 and put to trades or occupacons, and the said schollers to be disposed of accordingly, 
 as they shall severally attaine to the age of eighteene years ; Provided, there bee not 
 above nor under the number of fower of the said poore schollers at one time main- 
 tayned in the universitie. 
 
 81. Item, I ordaine that the said college shall allow and satisfye to every such of 
 the said fower poore schollers, as shalbe sent to the universitie so much yearely a 
 peece as shall by the master, warden, ff'ellowes, and assistants, or the most part of 
 them, be thought sufficient for their maintenance to be paid to or for them quarterly 
 for the space of eight yeares then next ensewing ; if, in the mean season any of them 
 shall have not other preferment ; and if any of them shall have preferment within 
 that time, then his pension shall forthwith determine and cease, as also at the 
 expiracon of the said eight years which shall first happen, and then the college shall 
 send one other poore schoUer to the university to bee maintayned in his place, and 
 that the master, warden, assistants, senior and junior ffellowes of the said college for 
 the tyme being shall, by all the beste wayes and meanes they can from time to tyme 
 as occasion requireth, place and set forth such of the poore schollers as shall be sett 
 and put to trades or manual occupa6ons, to good and sweete trades and occupacons, as 
 near as may bee, and to psons of good creditt and sufficiency, and to give such stock or 
 money with eveiy of them therein as the master, warden, assistants, senior and junior 
 fellowes, or the most part of them, thinck iitt. 
 
 82. Item, I ordaine that if within the said eight years any such poore schollers as 
 shall be sent to the universitie^ shall proceed to be batchellor or master of arte, that 
 then the colledge shall allowe to every of them that shall so proceed five powndes at 
 the severall times of taking either of the said degrees ; provided, and I ordaine and 
 establishe that if any of the said twelve poore schollers which shalbe sent or putt to 
 the universitie as aforesaid shalbee afterward capable to have a fellowshippe in the 
 said college, that tlien whensoever any fellowshippe in the said college is void, yf any 
 one yt hath bene any of the said poore schollers will stand for the said fellowshippe, 
 and desire yt, he shall forthwith be admitted thereunto without any lotts or further 
 election to be made of him, he taking the oath before prescribed and observing the 
 lawes of the college ; and if any of the said poore schollers that are put to trades 
 or occupacons shall desire afterwards, or stand to be admitted to be one of the 
 servaunts or officers of the said college at siich time as a servaunt's or officer's plac^ is 
 void, that then he shalbe admitted and accepted into the said office or place before 
 any other. 
 
 83. Item, I ordaine that the visitor of the said college for the time beinw shall 
 appoint att his discretion some learned and sufficient person that is a divine to repaire 
 to the said college yearely on the Monday in Whitsonweeke, to appose, visit and 
 examyne the poore schollers in their learning, and how they doe proffit therein, as also 
 how they are instructed in matters of religion, and of the service and worship of 
 
1 626.] THE STATUTES. 8i 
 
 Almightie God. The said person so appointed by the visitor, to have att every such 
 his repaire to the said college, his dynner for himself and his man, to be found at the 
 charge of the said college, together with meat for their horses ; and the said person so 
 appointed is to acquaint the visitor with his proceeding at every such time, and what 
 he thincketh fitt to be amended touching the education of the said schollers, to the 
 end the visitor may admonish the master, warden, senior and junior ffellowes of the 
 said coUege thereof, and require them to be more careful! therein for the time to 
 come. 
 
 Obdee of Diett. 
 
 84. Item, I ordaine and for ever establish for all succeeding times to come, from 
 and after my decease, that the diett of the said college shalbe kepte ordinarily for the 
 master, warden, senior and junior ffellowes, and poore schollers of the said college, at 
 two tables in the hall of the said college, at the one whereof the master and warden, 
 senior and junior ffellowes shall sitt togither at the upper end of the saide hall, and 
 the twelve poore schollers shall sitt at the side table in the said hall ; but in cold 
 weather and in time of sicknes of the master or warden, the master may, if he will, 
 have his diett for himself, the warden, and so many of the senior fellowes as he shall 
 think fitt to be in the parlour adjoining to the said hall, and that wither mr, warden, 
 or any of the senior or junior fellowes shall absent himself from the said dyett, being 
 resient, without giving warning to the butler before the bell ringing, or not resient, 
 the night before his departure, on paine to forfeyt for every meales meate twelve pence. 
 
 85. Item, that from the Feast of All Saints until the next day after the Purifica- 
 tion of our Lady, there shalbe a fire in the parlour and in the publique hall of the 
 said college ; and in the servantes hall, there at dinner and supper times, and other 
 times, at the discretion of the master and warden of the said college for the time 
 being, or either of them. 
 
 86. Item, that one of the chaunters, alias junior fellowes of the said college, shall 
 weekely, by turnes be steward of the diett and provision of the said college to see the 
 same be sweete and wholesome, and daily to survey yt and deliver yt out of the wett 
 larder to the cooke, and being drest, shall see yt be delivered into the master's, 
 warden's, fellowes', and poore schollers' tables, and see that the poore schollers be not 
 defrauded of the proporcon of their diett, as well of bread and beere as of other 
 victualls; and hee shall every Friday, at the conclusion of his weeke, give a just 
 accompt of the quantity of victualls that hath bene spent in the said college during 
 that weeke, and shall take upon him this office every Friday night, and be present at 
 the weekely accompt of the warden of the said college, upon paine to forfeyt sixe 
 shillinges and eight pence for every time wherein he shalbe stewarde or surveyour, 
 and not be present at the said accompts, to examine and certifye the same, or correct 
 yt, or shewe the defects thereof if there be cause. 
 
 87. Item, that after grace is said at the master's table, both for dynner and supper, 
 one of the poore schollers by turnes shall reade a chapter in the Bible in the hall, and 
 all the rest of the poore schollers shall give eare thereunto, except those three of them 
 who by turnes are to fetch in the diett. 
 
 88. Item, that noe one pticular pson shall have any pticular allowance of diett by 
 himself, and that there shalbee noe divident or dividing of diett into shares or pro- 
 porSons, at the master's table, and that none of the said college shall assigne over his 
 diett to any other pson in his absence ; and that the master, warden, senior and junior 
 ffellowes, and poore schollers shall take their diett in noe other place then in the 
 
 VOL. I. L 
 
82 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 place aforesaid. But if any coutagion, or infectious sicknes happen to l)e at any time 
 in the said college (which God forbid), that then in every such case the master, 
 warden, senior and junior ffellowes of the said college, or the most part of them, may 
 consent and direct that the said diett, during that tyme of contagion or infection only, 
 and noe longer, may be divided and sent into severall places in the said college to 
 such psons who ought to have yt ; and if the master, warden, or any of the senior or 
 junior fellowes of the said college shall at any time be sick or ill at ease that he 
 cannot sitt at the ordiuarie table and take his or their diett there, that then also by 
 the consent of the master, warden, senior and junior fellowes, or the most part of 
 them, he may have diett proportionable, in his chamber, and that to continue noe 
 longer then during the time of his sicknes only, and -whilst he shall continue and 
 reside in the said college. 
 
 89. Item, that the said twelve poore schollers shall have their diett proportioned 
 and ordered for them in manner following (that is to sale): every morning in the 
 weeke, about eight of the clock, except Sundaies and holydaies, to have a loafe of 
 bread waighing twelve ounces troy weight, to be divided amongst fower of them, and 
 each of them a cup of beere ; and on Mondayes, Tuesdaies, and Thursdaies, at dynner 
 and supper, each of them to have a gobd messe of pottage, and at each time two 
 poundes of good beefe boyled, and two of the said loaves between fower of them, and 
 beere without stint ; and on Wednesdaies, ffrydaies and Sattordaies to have the said 
 proporcon of bread and beere as on other dales, and at dynner to have milke or other 
 pottage befitting the season, and amongst them all twelve, to have half a pound of 
 butter and two pounds of cheese ; and insteed of either butter or cheese to have 
 a proportion of fish, or peare, or apple pyes, according as the seasons are, and the like 
 at supper, except Eridaies and fasting dayes, and then every of them to have the said 
 proporcon of bread and beere at night as they have allowed them for their dynners at 
 noones ; and on Sundayes and holydaies, in open times they shall have two poundes 
 of roasted beefe between every fower of them, with the like proporcon of bread and 
 beere as on other daies for their dynner, and at supper a competent allowance of 
 roasted mutton between every fower of them, as neare as may be, according to the 
 propor5on of beef allowed them for dynner, with such increase of diett in Lent aad on 
 gawdy daies as the discretion of the surveyor of the diett for the time being shall 
 thinck fitt. 
 
 90. Item, I ordaine and doe especially charge and require the master and warden 
 of the said college, for the time being, to have a speciall regard that the beef and 
 mutton assigned for the poore schollers be sweet and good, their beere well brewed, 
 and their bread well baked, and made of cleane and sweet wheatten meale, the bran 
 taken out, and every loafe after it is baked to weigh twelve ounces of troy weight ; 
 and when any augmentaSon of diett shall be made in the said college, either" by 
 divident or otherwise, that then the diett of the said twelve poore schollers to be 
 augmented also according to the rate and proporcon of increase of the other dietts in 
 the said college. 
 
 91. Item, that the warden of the said college for the time being shall, every year 
 against Easter, and oftener if neede shall require, provide at the charge of the coUetre, 
 for every of the twelve poore schollers of the said college, one surplice of white calico', 
 one upper coat of good cloth of sad cuUor, the boddyes lyned with canvas, and the 
 slarts with white cotten, and one paire of drawers of white cotten, two canvas shirtes 
 with bockaram bandes to them, two pair of knitt stockinges, shoes as often as need 
 shall require, two round bands, a girdle, and a black cappe. all to be repayred every 
 
t626.] THE STATUTES. 83 
 
 yeare at the charge of the college, who are also at their charge to find and allow them 
 reading books for their learning in the schole ; and their lynnen clothes to be weekely 
 ■washed and dried at the charge of the said college for ever. 
 
 92. Item, I ordaine and for ever establish, for all succeeding times to come, yt 
 every Friday, after eveninge praier ended, the master, warden, and so many of the 
 senior and junior fellowes of the said college, as shall then he there, shall meete in the 
 parlor of the saide college, and take view of the expenses of the said colledge for diett 
 or any other occasion for the weeke past, and give order for the diett or other pvision, 
 and also for other busineS of the said college for the weeke following, and to heare 
 and determine, if they can, all other businesses which concerne the said college, or 
 any of the psons therein j and they shall also once every moneth, upon the Sattorday 
 in the afternoone after evening praier, hear and take the accompts and receipts, and 
 disbursements made by the warden, or any other inferior officers of the said college ; 
 and whosoever shall willingly defraud the said college in or by his accompts, and yt 
 shalbe so adjudged by the most part of those who are present to heare and take the 
 said accompts, he shall for the first offence therein satisfie double damadge, the second 
 time treble damage, the third time fower tymes the value thereof ; and if he shall 
 offend therein the ffourth time, then he shall forthwith be expelled out of the said 
 college, and be thereby made uncapable to have or enjoy any oflice there, or receave or 
 have any benefitt or profitt from thence for ever after. And these weekely, monethly, 
 and quarterly meetinges of the mr, warden, and fellowes of the said college I ordaine 
 shall be caDed private sittings. 
 
 PuBLiQUB Aucrr and Private Sitting Dates. 
 
 93. Item, I ordaine and for ever establish there shalbe two generall audit dayes 
 and publique meetings kept and observed in the said College ; (that is to say), on the 
 fourth daie of March and the fourth daie of September yearely ; and if either of them 
 fall on a Sunday, then the next daie following, and shalbe kept in the auditt chamber 
 of the saide college, whereat shalbe present the master, warden, assistants, senior and 
 junior ffellowes of the said college, or the most part of them, at w"" time one of the 
 senior fellowes shall first reade so many of the statutes of the said college as shall 
 concerne the busines then to be handled, and shall to the uttermost of their power take 
 diligent care that the saide statutes be truly observed and kepte ; and the warden of 
 the said college shall at those tymes make his general accompte of all receipts and 
 disbursements belonging to the said college, by him had or made for the half yeare 
 then laste past, being prepared and surveyed before by the master, senior and junior 
 fellowes, at their private sittinges, which accompts shall then be publiquely reade ; 
 and the master, assistants, senior and junior fellowes then present shall heare and 
 examyne as well the same, as also the accompts of other inferior officers of the said 
 college ; and at that audit day, on or about the fourth of March, for ever, the warden 
 of the said college shall cleere his accompte for the yeare past, and what of the revenew 
 or other profitt of the saide college shall then remayne in his handes unexpended he 
 shall bring in at the said auditt ; and the warden shall at that auditt make knowen 
 and declare what occasion there wilbe for the use of mony the yeare then next 
 following. 'Whereupon the master, warden, and assistants, senior and junior fellows 
 there present, or the most part of them, shall take order what money shalbe imployed 
 upon those occasions, and howe and in wliat manner it shalbe imployed, and the same 
 shall presently be delivered to the warden for that purpose, and the money remayning 
 
84 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 skalbe put iuto the comon treasury of the said college, and the order so made shall be 
 entred in the booke of orders of the said college by the warden or his clerke. And the 
 said master, warden, assistantes, senior and junior fellowes of the saide colledge, or 
 some pte of them, shall yearely, on or about the ffourth of March, view all the 
 buildings of the said college, and what decay or defect they find in any of them to 
 give order for the repayre and amendment thereof, to be donne at the charge of the 
 said college, before the fourth day of September next f oUowinge, if conveniently yt 
 may bee ; and on the said fourth day of September next following to see and take 
 view if the same be performed and repayred accordingly ; and if the said reparacona 
 shall require a longer time for the doing thereof, then to appoint yt accordingly. And 
 they shall at either of the said auditt dayes lett and grant leases of the landes and 
 tentes belonging to the said colledge, in such manner, and according to such power as 
 is lymitted and given to them by the statutes and ordinances of the said college, and 
 noe otherwise ; and they shall take special care and regard the pencons and porcons 
 payable to the fellowes, the poore brothers, sisters and members of the said college be 
 daily and orderly paid, with their true and right divident, if there bee any ; and 
 that the poore brothers, sisters and members of the said college have their gownes 
 given and delivered to them, at the tymes appointed by the said statuts and 
 ordinances. And they shall heare and determine all matters of complaint or con- 
 troversy brought unto them touching any psons then residing in the said colledge and 
 they, or the most parte of them, to punish and censure the same if the cause require, 
 according to the statuts and ordinances of the said college, and generally to heare, 
 treat of and determyne, if they, or the most pte of them can, all other matters and 
 thinges wch doe or may in any sort touch or concern the said college, or the good and 
 orderly government thereof, according to the statutes and ordinances thereof. And 
 there shalbee continually two faire ledgier bookes, in the one whereof shalbe entred 
 all the actes, orders and proceedinges made at every of the said publique auditts, and 
 in the other all the acts, orders and proceedings made at every of the said private 
 weekely, monethly, and quarterly sittinges, in which booke for the publique auditts, 
 in a separate place by ytself, shalbe entred the names of the master, warden, assistants, 
 senior and junior fellowes, poore brothers, poore sisters, and poore schollers of the said 
 college, and of and at the tyme of the several! entrances into the said colledge, and of 
 their deaths and departures from thence, and this to be ppetually observed as often as 
 occasion requireth. 
 
 94. Item, I ordaine that at all and every of the said private sittings, the saide 
 master, warden, senior and junior fellowes then present, or the most part of them, 
 shaU heare and determine all misdemeanors, breaches and contempts, done or com- 
 mitted by any pson in the said college against the statutes and ordinances thereof, 
 and they shall heare end and determine all controversyes which are brought before 
 them, which are raised or stirred up by any psons reeciding in the said college ; and if 
 it shall happen at any time of those private sittings that any person of the said' college 
 shalbe expelled from thence for any offence, and that such psons shall thinck him or 
 herselfe wronged thereby, that then everie such person may appeale to the master 
 warden, assistants, senior and junior fellowes of the said college, at their next publique' 
 meeting, where the cause of his or her expulsion shalbe at large debated by the master 
 warden, fellowes and assistants of the said colledge, the pty appellant first submitting 
 him or herself to their order and censure therein, who shall have power to order 
 censure and determme the same ; and if upon the hearing and debatino- thereof they 
 or the most pte of them shall pronounce and give theire voice that the party appellant 
 
i626.] THE STATUTES 85 
 
 have juatly deserved the said punishment then he or shee that made the said appeale, 
 is forthwith (ipso facto) to be expelled out of the said college for ever, and thereby 
 made uncapable, for ever after to have and enjoy any place or roome in the said 
 college, to receave or have any benefitt or profitt from thence. 
 
 95. Item, I ordaine, that at every auditt on the fourth daie of September, the 
 master, warden, assistants, senior and junior fellowes of the said college, or the most 
 pte of them, shall survey the evidences, plate, and money remayning in the said 
 treasurie and all other the goodes of the said coUedge, inventoried or otherwise, and 
 after the same so done to put the evidences, plate and money into the said treasury 
 appointed for that purpose againe, and lock it fast. 
 
 Audit and Treasure Chamber. 
 
 96. Item, that the audit shall be kept in the great chamber over the hall, being 
 part of the master's lodging, the treasure chamber over the great poarch, the utter 
 doore whereof shall have three lockes and keyes to be kept, and the two senior 
 fellowes and warden of the said college to keepe the keyes thereof ; in which treasury 
 chamber there shall alwaies remaine and stand a comon chest with three lockes and 
 keyes thereunto, to be kept by the M'., one of the assistants of S'. Buttolphes without 
 Bishoppesgate, and one of the assistants of S'. Saviour's in Southwarke, every one of 
 them to have a key ; in which chest shall be kept all the special evidences of the said 
 coUedge, togither with siich plate not dailye used, and ready money, with all other 
 thinges of especiall value which doe belong to the said college, and a book of the 
 statutes and ordinances of the said college, faire written in vellome ; and upon the 
 shelves of the said treasury chamber, and in the desks and presses thereof, shall be 
 layd and kept all other wrytings and evidences of lesser value which doe concerne the 
 said college, viz', counterparts of leases, bookes of accomptes, and reckonings, copies 
 and bookes of lawe-suites and pleadinges, acquittances and discharges for the receipt 
 of money and such like, together with one booke of the statutes and ordinances of the 
 said college. 
 
 Lodgings in the said College. 
 
 97. Item, I ordaine and for ever establish that for all succeeding times to come, 
 from and after my decease, that the master of the said colledge, for ever for the time 
 being, shall enjoy and keepe to his owne use for his lodginges the great chamber over 
 the hall (which shall also serve for the auditt chamber), the chamber over the parlour, 
 the lobby chamber, and the lobby. The warden for ever for the time being shall enjoy 
 and keepe to his owne use for his lodginges the chambers over the servant's hall, with 
 presses in the same, and the new chamber, with the chamber over that for his man. 
 The first senior fellow the chamber next adjoining to the chappeU, with the studdy ; 
 the second senior fellow the chamber over that, with the studdy ; the fourth senior 
 fellow or usher to have the chamber over that. One of the musique masters to lodge 
 in the musique schoole, the other in the chamber at the north end thereof. The other 
 fower junior fellowes or Chaunters of the said coUedge to have theire lodginges 
 appointed them in the said colledge by the master and warden of the said college for 
 the time being. The twelve poore schoUers for the tyme being for ever to have the 
 long chamber over the two organists' chambers. The six poore brethren to have the 
 six ground chambers on the east side of the inner court ; and the sixe poore sisters to 
 have their lodginges on the sixe ground chambers on the west side of the inner court ; 
 
86 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 and the servaunts of the said college to bee lodged in the said colledge, from time to 
 time at the discretion of the master and warden of the said college for the time beinge. 
 
 98. Item, that all pentioners and comoners in the said College sliall be lodged at 
 the discretion and appointment of the m' or warden of the said colledge. 
 
 99. Item, That yt shall not be lawful for any pson to lodge any pson whatsoever, 
 in the said colledge, without the consent or leave of the master, for the time beinge. 
 
 100. Item, I ordaine that it shall not be lawfull for any pson or psons of the said 
 college, to keepe or use any weapons in the said college without the consent of the 
 master for the time being, or to play at any game of cardes, or dice, or any other 
 unlawful game in their chambers in the said colledge, or suffer or permit any other 
 so to doe. 
 
 Orders for the Landes, the Eevenewe thereof, and how it shalbee disposed. 
 
 101. Item, I ordaine and for ever establish for all succeeding times to come, that 
 noe lease or demise shalbe made or lett to any pson or psons of any of the landes given 
 by me to the said college ; but at one of the said publique audit daies aforesaid, by the 
 consent and approbacon of the master, warden, assistants, senior and junior fellowes of 
 the said colledge or the most part of them there present under their hands and comon 
 scale of the said college ; and the same lease or leases to be graunted for noe loncei 
 terme then one and twentie yeares, with a valuable rent reserved thereupon, without 
 any fine to be taken for the same. 
 
 102. Item, There shall noe demise, grant, or lease be made or graunted of any pte 
 of the landes belonging to the said colledge, to the master, warden, senior and junior 
 fellowes of the said colledge, or any of them, or to any other psons, directly or in- 
 directly, to their or any of their use or uses ; and if any such lease shall happen to be 
 made or graunted to any person or persons, reciding in the said college, or to any other 
 psons except upon those daies before appointed, then every such lease or leases to be 
 void and of none effect, to all intents and purposes whatsoever. 
 
 103. Item, That iu Easter weeke yearelie, the M' or warden, and two of the fellowes 
 of the said colledge at the least, shall survey all the landes and tents belonging to the 
 said College ; and where they shall finde any want of reparacon, then they to take 
 notice thereof in wryting, and leave them with the several tenants, or at their dwelling 
 bowses, that the said defects or wants are to be amended at the tymes lymited by 
 their several leases ; and the said warden and fellowes shall repaire againe to the said 
 leased landes and teiits in the moneth of October then following, to°survey or see if 
 the said reparacons, wants, or defects, be repayred or amended accordingly ; also they 
 shall view the thirtye members dwellings, with all such lands, bowses? and tents as 
 are not in lease, and taking notice of the wants thereof as aforesaid, shall present the 
 same at the next publique sitting, that order may be given for the repayring thereof. 
 
 104. Item, that the garden and orcharde, togither with the three home fieldes 
 called the Howletts, adjoyning to the college, shall not be demised to any psons but 
 the same shall continually remaine in tlie use of the college for places of recreation of 
 those of the college to walke in, or use any commendable exercise therein All the 
 fruit growing there or elsewhere to be alwaies gathered and imployed for the o-euerall 
 use and pvision of the said college. ° 
 
 105. Item, I ordaine that noe part of two hundred acres of coppices or wood lands 
 nor so much of the earable and pasture land belonging to the said college which shalbe 
 used as a demeson for pvision thereunto, and shall not at any time after my decease 
 
1626.] THE STATUTES. 87 
 
 be demised in lease to any psons whatsoever, but that the same shall remayne in the 
 occupacon of the college, and be husbanded by the master and warden, with the 
 consent of the most part of the senior or junior fellowes thereof, to the best benefit 
 and advantage of the college, and for the better and more easie provision of bread, and 
 beere and other victualls, as also for the fewell of the said college. 
 
 106. Item, that out of the said coppice of two hundred acres shall yearely twentye 
 acres thereof be sould or felled, of the growth of tenne yeares, and not under, the said 
 woodfalls to be made at seasonable times, wherein the lawes and statutes of this realm 
 of England for the preservacon of the timber trees are to be duly observed. 
 
 107. Item, that the college, out of the coppice, woodes, pollardes, or headgroves 
 yearely felled upon the landes thereunto belonging, shall be yearely provided of 
 sufficient fuell for the said college to be spent in the hall, parlour, servants hall, 
 kitchen, bakehowse, brewhouse, at such proporcon and allowance as the ma.ster, warden, 
 and fellowes of the said colledge, or the most part of them, shall appoint. 
 
 108. Item, That out of the said wood falls the master of the said college for the 
 time being, shall yearely have for his owne fuell in his chamber two hundred faggotts ; 
 the warden shall yearely have two hundred faggotts for his owne spending; the fower 
 senior fellowes of the said colledge shall yearely have for their own spending one 
 hundred and fifty faggotts a piece ; the six chaunters or junior fellowes shall yearely 
 have one hundred faggots a piece, for their own spending. All the said faggotts to be 
 brought home to the said college, at the charge of the said college, betweene the first of 
 September, and the feast of All Saints, yearely, to be kept in the yarde in a stack, and 
 delivered by the baylife to the master, warden, and fellowes by halfe hundreds or 
 quai'terns, as they shall desire. 
 
 109. Item, I especially prohibit and forbid, for all succeeding times to come, that 
 any timber trees fitt for shadow or shelter be cutt and felled in any of the groundea 
 adjoining or lying neere to the west, south, and southwest ptes of the said colledge. 
 
 110. Item, that noe timber trees shalbe felled upon any of the landes belonging to 
 the said college, but only such are of necessitie to be imployed for the building or 
 repayring of the said college ; and that noe timber be soulde to any pson or psons 
 whatsoever, but to the tenants of the landes belonging to the said coUeclge in Dulwich 
 aforesaid, for the building or repayring of their tenements there, and not to be other- 
 wise bestowed or imployed to any other use. 
 
 111. Item, I ordaine, that the master and warden of the said college, for the time 
 being, shall keepe and maintaine husbandry upon the lands belonging to the said college, 
 as much as sha]l necessarily serve for the necessarie provision of the said college. 
 
 112. Item, that the master of the said colledge for ever, for the time being, shalbe 
 allowed diett for one man, and the warden for one other man, both at the chardge of 
 the colledge, to waight and attend upon them, and that for the service of the said 
 College. And also these servants hereafter following shall be hired and kept in the 
 college, at the charge of the said College, that is to saie, a porter, a cooke, a maultster 
 and brewer, a butler, a bayley to look to the woodes, cattel, and husbandry, one 
 ploughman, being eight in number, at tlie rate of three poundes yearely wages a piece; 
 one kitchen boy, and one plough boy, at two poundes yearely wages a piece, and all of 
 them to be single persons, for ever for the time being, and to receave, besides their 
 yearely wages, these liveryes at the charge of the college, that is to saie, at Easter, a 
 coate of the same cloth whereof the pooie schoUers coats are made of, and against the 
 first of September yearely one black frize coat. 
 
 113. Item, I ordaine, and for ever establish, for all succeeding tyraes to come, that 
 
88 
 
 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 [a.d. 
 
 the revenewe of the landes which I have given to the said College, amounting to eight 
 hundred pounds per annum, or thereabouts, shall he yearely disposed and devided in 
 such manner and sort as hereafter ensueth, that is to say, 
 
 For the diett for the master, warden and ten senior and junior 
 fellowes, after the rate of ten powndes p annum a piece . 
 
 For the diett of the xii poore schollers and ten servantes 
 
 For bread and beere for the xii poor brothers and sisters two 
 pence a dale a peice for all, xiiij' a moneth * p ann. 
 
 For the master's pencon, to be payd quarterly, p'' annum 
 
 The warden's pencon, to be paid quarterly, p' annum . 
 
 The two first senior fellowes pension, to be xii" a yere a 
 peece, paid quarterly, pr annum .... 
 
 The two second senior fellowes' pension, to be x" a yeare a 
 peece, paid quarterly, per annum . ... 
 
 The two first chaunters or junior fellowes', vizt., organists to be 
 sixe pounds to each of them, paid quarterly, per annum . 
 
 To the said two first chaunters or junior fellowes, to find 
 stringes for their instrumentes, pap pannes and inck, for 
 the twelve poore schollers, eleaven shillinges and viij* a 
 peece, per annum ...... 
 
 The other fower chanters or junior fellowes' pension, to be v" 
 a year a peece, paid quarterly p"" annum, . 
 
 The xii poore brothers & sisters' pencon, in money, iv* per diem, 
 to be paid monethly, and every day a wheaten loaf, weying 
 xii ounces troy weight, and a full quart of eight shillings 
 beere to each of them ; the money pencon, p annum is 
 vi". i'. viij*, besides the bread and beere, which in the 
 total per annum is seaventy and three powndes , 
 
 For their xii gownes, to be delivered them on the first of 
 September, once in two yeares, for ever, after the rate of 
 xx° a peece, p ann. ..... 
 
 For the xii poore schollers apparell per annum 
 
 For the sixe assistantes, their horshier, x" a peece, per annum 
 
 The thirtye members, vj^ a week, a peece per annum . 
 
 Thirty gownes for them once in two yeares, at xx° price a 
 peece, per annum ...... 
 
 Eight servants or officers of the college for their wages, in total, 
 per annum t • • . . 
 
 Liveries for those Servantes, at twelve shillings and sixe pence 
 a peece, per annum • • . . . 
 
 In augmentacon of diet for the Assistants' dynners, and the 
 fower feastinge dayes, for the twelve poore brothers and 
 sisters, per annum • . . . . 
 
 The sume of these is, p annum 
 
 • The word "moneth" is evidently a clerical error ; it should be 14/ per week 
 t This calculation is correct, only if six servants at £3 and two boys at £2 are 
 
 cxx" 
 ex" 
 
 xxxvj" x' 
 xl" 
 
 XXlV 
 
 xxiij* iv"* 
 
 XX" 
 
 Ixxiij" 
 
 vj" 
 xx" 
 iij" 
 xxxix" 
 
 XV" 
 
 xxij." 
 
 iij" vi' viij 
 
 VI- 
 
 " eight servants or officers." 
 
 taken as being the 
 
1626.] 
 
 THE STATUTES. 
 
 S9 
 
 _ 114. Item, I ordaine and for ever establish, that the remainder of the revenewe 
 being twoe hundred powndes per annum as aforesaid, of the said landes belonging to 
 the said college, with all other advancementes, profitts, and commodityes which shall 
 arise and accrewe to the said coUedge, if there shalbeany, shalbe kept by the warden 
 untill the audit, which shalbe yearely holden on or about the fourth day of March, 
 and then and there, by the warden of the said college for the tyme being brought into 
 the mr, assistants, senior and junior fellowes, or the most parte of them, to be disposed 
 of in this manner and forme following, and noe otherwise. 
 
 115. Item. That out of the said remainder, there shalbe first put into the treasury 
 chest one hundred poundes, if yt shall amount to so much, which shall allwaies be 
 ready for any suddaine cause of ymploym* ; and if case shall require at any time to 
 breaie the said sum of c", or any pte thereof, that then at the next auditt day at 
 or about the fourth dale of March, the saide sum of one hundred poundes shalbe 
 supplyed and renewed againe, so that alwayes from time to time, at the next audit 
 in Marche, one sum of one hundred pounds shall remaine in the treasury, and 
 noe more. 
 
 116. Item. That next out of the aforesaid remainder, shalbe satisfied and paide all 
 bills, of repacons and lawesuites, if there be any disbursed by the warden ; also for 
 preferrement of the poore schollers at their departure from the college, and tenn 
 poundes annually to be disbursed, for the reperacon of the highwaye^ vizt., the hors- 
 way and footway betweene Camerwell Towne and the college. 
 
 117. Item : That after these disbursements, or so many of them, as shall yearely 
 fall out, if there shall remaine the sum of fifteene poundes or upwards in stock, over 
 and above the c" in the treasurie chest, then the said xv", or any other greater sume 
 which shall remaine, shall at that auditt be divided into six hundred equal partes or 
 dividents, and bee disposed of and distributed in man' following, that is to say. 
 
 To the m*" for the time being 
 
 To the warden for the time being . 
 
 To the first Senior Fellow for the time being 
 
 To the second Senior Fellow for the time being 
 
 To the third Senior Fellow for the time being 
 
 To the fourth Senior Fellow for the time being 
 
 To the first chaunter or junior feUow for the time being 
 
 To the second chaunter or junior fellow for the time being 
 
 Towards strings, pap, pennes and inck 
 
 To the third chaunter or junior fellow for the time being 
 
 To the fourth chaunter or junior fellow for the tyme being 
 
 To the fifth chaunter or junior fellow for the tyme being 
 
 To the sixt chaunter or junior fellow for the time being 
 
 To the xii poore brethren and sisters for the time being 
 
 For the bettering of their xii gownes 
 
 For the bettering the xii poore Schollers' appell 
 
 For addicon of y* assistants hors hire 
 
 To the 30 members, amongst them all 
 
 For the bettering of their gownes . 
 
 To the increase of the x servantes' wages 
 
 For the bettering of their liveryes . 
 
 VOL. I, 
 
 Parts 
 40 
 30 
 12 
 12 
 10 
 10 
 06 
 06 
 
 H 
 05 
 05 
 05 
 05 
 109^ 
 06 
 20 
 03 
 39 
 15 
 22 
 05 
 
 M 
 
90 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE [a.d. 
 
 Parts 
 For increase of diett for the master, warden, and fellowes . . 121* 
 
 Also for the xii schoUers and ten servants increase of diett ^ . 110 
 Increase of diett for the assistants dynner, and for fower daies of 
 
 feasting, the twelve poore brothers and sisters . . 03 J 
 
 The remainder of the said six hundred parts, shalbe delivered to the warden of the 
 said colledge, as tlie first receipt of monej^s to be by him disbursed for the benefitt and 
 good of the said college. 
 
 118. Item, I ordaine, and for ever establish, that if at any time or times hereafter, 
 by any waie or meanes whatsoever, this revenewe of eight hundred poundes p. annum, 
 wch I have given to the said college, should sinck or decrease under the yearely value 
 of sixe hundred poundes (wch God of his goodnes forbid), that then and in such case, 
 there shalbe, (by the consent of the visitor) a generall defalcacon out of all the pencons 
 porcons, and allowances aforesaid propovtionably ; and the said abatement to contynue 
 till such time the said revenue shall amount to the annuall value of viC" p. animm 
 againe, and noe longer. 
 
 119. Item, I ordaine, and for ever establish, for all succeeding tymes to come, that 
 the churchwardens of the pish of S' Buttolphes without Bishoppsgate, London, and 
 their successors for ever, to whome I have given a tente in Dulwich, called the Blew 
 howse, shall annually and for ever dispose of the reveime thereof, in manner and forme 
 following, and n6e otherwise, that is to say, every year, yearly, on the first Sunday of 
 September, being my birthday, tliey shall, in the pishe church of their said pishe, in 
 the forenoone, after Divine service, give unto those ten poore people of their pish 
 which are called members of God's Guift College aforesaid, and theire successors, 
 twelve pence a peece for ever ; and all the full residue of the said yearely rent they 
 shall give unto such and so many other poore of their said pish as they thinck are in 
 most neede, sixpence a peece for ever. 
 
 Provided alwaies, that albeit I have in these former statutes lymitted the sixe 
 poore brothers, sixe poore sisters, and twelve poore schollers, to be of the said fower 
 pishes aforesaid, yet notwithstanding if yt shall so happen that at such time or times, 
 when a poore brother, sister, or poor scholler's place shalbe void in the said college, 
 and not any in the aforesaid fower pishes can be found capable thereof, that then and in 
 such case it shalbe lawfull for the Mr, warden, senior and junior fi'ellowes, or the most pte 
 of them, to make choice of a fitt person in any other countie, pish or place whatsoever. 
 
 120. Item, I ordaine that all the penalties and forfeytures of money which shalbe 
 had or made by the Mr, warden, fellowes poore brethren and sisters of the said colledge, 
 or any of them, shalbe deducted out of their severall stipendes and pencons as they 
 grow due; and the warden of the colledge for the tyme being, shall, for ever, as 
 occasion requireth, imploy, convert, and bestowe the same towards the detryments and 
 repacon of the howsehold stuff of the said colledge and at every auditt shall give 
 accompt thereof accordingly. 
 
 121. Item, I ordaine that all these aforesaid statutes, lawes, and ordynances, for 
 the orderly and well governing of the said colledge, with the lands thereunto 
 belongmg, and every member thereof, may be the more better observed and kept for 
 all succeeding times to come, that the wholl bodie of the statutes of the said coUedcje, 
 by the warden or one of the senior fellowes, in the presence and hearing of every pson 
 or psons in any wise belonging or appteyning to the said college, be read at fower s^all 
 times or daies in the yeare ; the first day of September, the first day of December, the 
 
 * The original is 121 ; but this is evidently a clerical error, and should he 120. 
 
i626.] THE STATUTES. 91 
 
 first day of M'ch, and the first day of June ; and when any of these fewer daies fall on 
 a Sunday, then they shalbe read the next day following. 
 
 In witness whereof and that these my ordinances, constitutions, provisions, 
 rules, and statutes for the good and orderly rule and government, as well of |;he said 
 college, as of the Master, Warden, ffower ffellowes, six Assistants, six Chaunters or 
 junior ffellowes, six poore Brethren, six'e poore Sisters, twelve poore SchoUers, and 
 thirtye members, and also of the Manners, Messuages, Land Tenem", & Heredita- 
 ments may the better and more orderly and constantly be kept, observed, continually, 
 and had perpetually and for ever. I the said Edward AUeyn have caused this 
 Quadruptite wryting to be written, and have to every pte thereof subscribed my name 
 the nine & twentieth dale of September in the second yeare of the raigne of our 
 Sovraign Lord Charles by the grace of God, of England, Scotland, France, and Ireland, 
 King, Defender of the Eaith &c. Anno Dmi 1626. And the first pte of this 
 Quadruptite I will & do assign, by these presents, to remayne & be kept up 
 continually in the comon Chest of the said College, where the other evidences of the 
 said College are to be and remayne: The second part thereof to remaine & to be 
 continually kept in the Vestrie of the Pish Church of S' Botolphe's without Bishopps- 
 gate, London, in such Chest, or other convenient place wherein the evidences belonging 
 to the said Church doe remayne : The third part thereof to remaine and continually 
 to be kept in the Vestrie of the saide Pish Church of S' Saviours, in Southwark, in 
 the county of Surrey, in the Chest, or such other place there wherein the evidences 
 belonging to the said Church and Pish doe remaine, and are kept. And the fourthe 
 part thereof to remaine and continually to be kept in the Vestrie of the Pish Church 
 of S' Giles without Crepplegate, London, in such chest or other place as is there used 
 for the safe keeping of the evidences, and wry tings of the said Church and Pishe. 
 
 E. Alletk. 
 
 Published and subscribed by the said Edward Alleyn, the daie and yere wthin 
 written, in the presence of 
 
 Joseph EEDma : Matthew Sweetser 
 Henry Dell : John Casinghurst 
 Geo. Bromb, Scrv'. 
 
 [Witnesses as above are in the original, but in contemporary copies the first 
 witness is " Samuell Bridges."] 
 
 Additional Articles to the Statutes. 
 
 Yet considering with myself what is herein ordayned and stablished by me, I may 
 hereafter upon better consideration alter the same, in regards man's reason cannot 
 presently foresee all thinges in a busines of this consequence, which ought to be 
 ■ observed in making these orders and statutes, so that some thinges maye be omitted 
 which ought to be inserted, and other orders and statutes herein expressed, which at 
 the first may seeme reasonable and profitable for the said college, but in the use and 
 practice thereof may prove to be (Mscommodious and not so fitting to be observed : 
 Therefore I doe, lastly ordaine and constitute that yt shalbe lawfull for me at any 
 tiine or tymes during my life, to add any other orders, statutes or constitucons to these 
 herein contayned for the well and orderly governing of the said coUege, or otherwise 
 
92 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 to alter, convert or amend any of tlie before recited orders, statutes and constitucons ; 
 and at my -will and pleasure, during my life to place or displace, alter, chaunge or 
 remove any of the Master, Warden, four fellowes,- .six Assistants, sixe Chaunters, or 
 junior fellowes, sixe poore brethren, sixe poore sisters, xii poore schoUers and tliirtie 
 members of the said College, anything in these psents conteyned to the contrary 
 notwithstanding. 
 
 And lastly having taken into consideracon these decaying times, in the fall and 
 abatement of rents, and having imposed a great charge upon the said Corporacon, and 
 willing, as much as in me lieth, to' add and augmente unto them some further meanes 
 to supply all occasions that may hereafter happen, I ordayne and confirme unto the 
 said Corporacon of God's Guift Colledge aforesaid (after my Debts legacies and 
 funeralls shalbe paid and discharged) my two Leases the one of them being of one 
 capitall messuage or Inne called the Unicorne scituate in the borough of Southwarke, 
 and the other of certaine capitall messuages & tents called the barge the bell and the 
 cock scituate on the banck side in the pish of S' Savio" in Southwark in the county 
 of Surrey. To have and to hold unto the said Corporacon according to the intent and 
 true meaning of my last will and testam' bearing date the Thirteenth dale of this 
 instant November 1626. Charging the m', warden & fellowes of the said college for 
 the tyme beinge to extend their uttermost endeavo" for the renewing of the said 
 leases (as occasion may be) for the good of the said College & relief of the poore there, 
 according to my intent & meaning in the institucon thereof. 
 
 Dated this twenteth day of Novemb. 1626. 
 
 E. Alleyk. 
 
 Published and subscribed by the said Edward AUeyn the day & yeare above 
 written in the pnce of 
 
 Joseph Eeding Matthew Sweetser 
 
 Henry Dell John Casinghurst 
 
 Geo. Brome S". 
 
 WILL OF EDWAED ALLEYK 
 
 In the name of God. Amen : — The thirteenth day of November, in the year of 
 our Lord 1626, and in the second year of the reign of our sovereign. Lord King 
 Charles &c. I, Edward Alleyn, of Dulwich, in the county of Surrey, Esquire, bein<» 
 sick in body, but of perfect mind and memory, thanks be given to Almighty God, do 
 make and ordain this my present Testament, declaring herein my last wifl, in manner 
 and form following: That is to say, first and principally, I commend my soul to 
 Ahnighty God, my merciful Creator, and to Jesus Christ, my most loving Saviour and 
 Eedeemer, in whom, and by whose merits, I only trust to be saved, and made par- 
 taker of everlasting life : and my body I wiU to the earth, from whence it came 
 without any vam funeral pomp or show, to be interred in the quire of that chapel' 
 which God of his goodness hath caused me to erect, and dedicate to the honor of my 
 Saviour, by the name of Christ's chapel in God's Gift College, heretofore by me 
 founded in Dulwich aforesaid ^ 
 
 Item. My mind and wiU is, that all such debts and duties, which of ri<^ht or in 
 conscience I do owe and stand truly indebted in unto any person or personl whatso- 
 ever, shaU be truly paid and satisfied after my decease, so shortly and conveniently 
 as may be. ^ 
 
i626.] THE WILL OF THE FOUNDER. 93 
 
 And whereas I, tlie said Edward AUeyn, and one Matthias Allen, he being a 
 person by me put in trust for and in performance and assurance of one thousand and 
 five hundred pounds, to- and for my loving wife, Constance Alleyn, after my decease, 
 have by two several deeds of demise, grant and assignment, bearing date the nine and 
 twentieth day of June, last past, before the date of these presents, granted, assigned, 
 and set over, unto Sir Nicholas Carew, of Beddington, and Sir Thomas Grymes, of 
 Peckham, in the County of Surrey, Knights, their executors and assigns, one capital 
 messuage and tenement, or Inn, called the Unicorn, in Saint Saviour's parish, in the 
 Borough of Southwark, in the County of Surrey, and all other messuages and tene- 
 ments there, &c. 
 
 And also, I, the said Edward AUeyne and Matthias Allen, by the other of the 
 said deeds have likewise granted, assigned, and set over, unto the said Sir Nicholas 
 Carew and Sir Thomas Grymes, their executors and assigns, certain capital messuages 
 and tenements, called the Barge, the Bell, and the Cock, situate and lying on the 
 Bank side, in the parish of S' Saviour's aforesaid. And whereas likewise, for further 
 assurance of the said one thousand five hundred pounds, for my said wife as aforesaid 
 I, the said Edward Alleyn, have acknowledged a statute of two thousand pounds, 
 bearing the said date of the nine and twentieth day of June last, unto the said Sir 
 Nicholas Carew and Sir Thomas Grimes. 
 
 And whereas, by a pair of indentures of defeazance, dated the said nine and 
 twentieth day of June last, between me the said Edward Alleyn, and the said Sir 
 Nicholas Carew and Sir Thomas Grimes, Knights, wherein the said two Knights have 
 covenanted, that if my said wife (in case she survive me) shall by me, and out of my 
 estate, be left the said sum of one thousand five hundred pounds in ready money, and 
 that my executor or executors shall, within three months after my decease, pay to her, 
 the said Constance, the said sum of one thousand five hundred pounds, that then, and 
 not otherwise, the said statute of two thousand pounds to be void and of none effect, 
 together with the two deeds of assignment or to reassign them to such person or 
 persons as I, the said Edward, shall nominate and appoint. 
 
 Now in full performance of the aforesaid assurance, and to shew my full desire to 
 have it really accomplished, I will and require my executors hereunder named, 
 that, first and principally my loving wife Constance (in case she survive me) be 
 according to my agreement, fully satisfied in the best manner that may be, and then 
 I desire the said two Knights to reassign and set over the said two Knights' leases 
 unto my executors. 
 
 Item. I give and bequeath unto my said loving wife, Constance Alleyne, in 
 testimony of my further love unto her, and for her present use and benefit, one 
 hundred pounds more, of lawful money of England, which I have already, vizt. on 
 the six and twentieth day of September last, in the presence of Matthew Sweeteser, 
 Edward Alleyne, John Sandford, and John Casinghurst, delivered, to and for her use, 
 unto the hands and custody of the said Sir Thomas Grimes ; and moreover, I give 
 unto my said wife all her Jewells and other ornaments, which she is now possessed 
 withall. 
 
 Itero. I give and bequeath to the Corporation of God's Gift College aforesaid, 
 these goods and implements following, that is to say, first my seal ring with my arms, 
 to be worn by the Master and his successors. Next I appoint that a Common Seal 
 shall be made for the said College, at the charge of my executors, which said two 
 seals shall be repaired by the College, as often as need shall require. 
 
 Also all the wainscots, hangings, pictures, carpets, presses, tables, chairs, forms, 
 
94 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 and stools, in the said College, with all shelves, desks, and seats, also my books and 
 iustraments ; and likewise all the furniture in the twelve poor scholars* chambers ; 
 that is to say, six bedsteads, six matts, six mattresses, six feafher beds, sixe feather 
 bolsters, twelve pair of sheets, twelve blankets, six rugs, three dozen of bed staves, 
 and six pewter chamber pots ; also I give unto the said College, of my linen, twelve 
 table cloaths, six dozen of napkins, and six towels, whereof one sort or suit shall be of 
 damask and other of diaper, likewise two dozen of pewter vessells, with all other brass 
 and iron vessells of furniture which shall be in use of the said College, at the hour of 
 my death, in any room of the said College whatsoever ; also all implements and tools 
 of husbandry, together with two furnished teams, the one with five horses, and tlie 
 other with six oxen ; and my mind is, that all these goods, by me thus given to the 
 said College, shall be by my executors presently by inventory delivered unto them, to 
 be continually by the said College kept in good repair. 
 
 Also, I will and require my executors, hereafter named, within two years after my 
 decease, to build ten almshouses, in the parish of Saint Buttolphe without. Bishops- 
 gate, London, for ten poor people of tliat parish, to be members of the aforesaid 
 College ; and likewise ten other houses in Saint Saviour's parish aforesaid, for other 
 ten poor people of the said parish, to be likewise members of the said College ; which 
 said twenty poor people, being placed in their several houses, shall have such relief 
 and maintenance as in the statutes of the aforesaid College is set down. 
 
 Item. I give to Thomas AUeyn, the son of John Alleyn, late of Willen in the 
 County of Bucks, being my cousin and next heir at the common law, the sum of 
 fifty pounds. 
 
 Item. _ I give to Edward Alleyn, junior of Newport, the sum of twenty pounds ; 
 and to his two sisters, Elizabeth Newman and Anne Ashpoole, twenty pounds a 
 piece; and I give unto my aunt, Jane Waldock, of Water Laton, the sum of ten 
 pounds. 
 
 Item. I give to Anne Alleyn, the now wife of John Harrison, clerk, the sum of 
 twenty pounds. 
 
 Item. I will my copyhold lands in Lambeth Marshes to Edward Alleyn, my 
 godson, and his heirs male (which I hope the custom there will allow) ; and for want 
 of such issue, to John Alleyn, the son of Mathias Alleyn, and his heirs for ever. 
 
 Item. I give to Sir Francis Calton, Knight, the sum of one hundred pounds, and 
 hereby forgive him twenty pounds he owes me on his Ire due long since. 
 
 Item. I give to Elizabeth Cutler, my late wife's god daughter, the sum of ten 
 pounds. 
 
 Item. I give to Hannah Pickerley the sum of ten pounds. 
 
 Item. I give to Elizabeth Eussell, a young girl that is now in my house, tea 
 pounds. 
 
 Item, I give to all the rest of my household servants that are in my service at 
 the time of my death, so many pounds a-piece as they severally have been and con- 
 tinued years in my service, besides their wages then due. 
 
 Item. I will and bequeath to the churchwardens of Saint Buttolphes without 
 Bishopgate, London, and their successors, for ever, a tenement in Dulwich with the 
 appurtenances, called the Blew House, now in the tenure of Edward Kipping to and 
 for the only use of the poor of their said parish, to be by them employed and disposed 
 of m such manner and form as in the statute of God's Gift College aforesaid is set 
 down, and not otherwise. 
 
 And my will is, and I do hereby declare that, after the said fifteen hundred 
 
1 626.] THE WILL OF THE FOUNDER. 95 
 
 pounds, and all and every the legacies herein atove bequeathed shall be respectively 
 paid, that the said two leases so assigned as aforesaid to the said Sir Nicholas Carew 
 and Sir Thomas Grimes, shall be and remain to the said Corporation of God's Gift 
 College as an augmentation unto them, during the terms thereof, over and above what 
 I have already assigned and assured unto them, to be employed current according to 
 the intent of the statutes of the said College. 
 
 And I give and bequeath (after my legacies paid) to my two executors herein to 
 be named, all my lands in Yorkshire, by what name or names or title soever called or 
 Ivnown, which I lately purchased of George Cole, Esquire, in their two names to hold 
 to them and their two heirs and assigns jointly for ever. 
 
 And I do by these presents give and bequeath all the rest and residue of my 
 goods, chattels, cattle, and ready money whatsoeA'er, after my funerals are discharged 
 and my debts paid, with all the legacies of this niy will performed, unto Thomas 
 AUeyn and Matthias AUeyn, my kinsmen, whom of this my last will and testament I 
 make my sole executors, charging them, as they will answer it before the face of 
 Almighty God, at the dreadful day of judgment, that they truly and punctually in 
 every particular (so far fourth as they possibly can) perform this my last will and 
 testament. 
 
 And I do hereby revoke all former will and wills by me at any time heretofore 
 made ; and in witness of this my last will, containing two sheets of paper, I have to 
 the bottom of each sheet subscribed my name, and being both sheets joined together, 
 at the foot thereof set to my seal, the day and year first above written. 
 
 E. Alleyn. 
 
 Sealed, delivered and published as his last will and testament in the presence of 
 us, Joseph Eeading, Matthew Sweeteser, Henry Dell, John Casinghurst, Geo. 
 Brome. 
 
 [TMs will was proved in the Prerogative Court of Canterbury on the 13th 
 December 1626 by Thomas Alleyn and Matthias Alleyn.] 
 
[ 96 ] [a.d. 
 
 CHAPTER IV. 
 
 THE HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE, 1626-1642, 
 
 The Founder being dead, Thomas AUeyn the Master, and Matthias AWejn 
 the Warden, appointed by the Deed of Foundation on the 13th September 
 1619, assumed their respective offices, and entered upon the duties which 
 had during his lifetime been entirely performed by Edward Alleyn. 
 
 They had sundry difficulties to contend with at the outset, both personal 
 and otherwise. In the first place, they were both married men, and the 
 statutes which directed that the Master, Warden, and Fellows should all of 
 them be single, naturally made no provision for the residence of their wives 
 and families in the College. In the second place, grave doubts existed, and 
 probably were expressed, as to the legality of the statutes ordained by the 
 Founder. 
 
 The letters patent of King James had limited the members of the 
 College to a Master, a Warden, four Fellows, six poor brethren, six poor 
 sisters, and twelve poor scholars ; and by the deed of uses or settlement of 
 the property, the rents were to be devoted to these members, and to no 
 others. But the statutes named six chanters or junior fellows who were 
 actually to reside in the College, and have votes in all matters as the 
 original fellows had ; and further, six assistants and thirty out-members, 
 who had sundry duties and some emoluments. 
 
 The original beneficiaries naturally demurred to the introduction of 
 these new _ members, assistants and pensioners, and to the alienation of 
 money which seemed to have been especially appropriated to their own 
 exclusive use. 
 
 The Corporation seem to have at once taken legal opinion on the matter, 
 for the Tanner MSS. contain an opinion of counsel Humphrey Davenport', 
 dated 19th June 1627, to the effect that Alleyn could not appoint chanters ; 
 and in accordance with that opinion no appointments were made to those' 
 offices. 
 
 The churchwardens, however, who had been named assistants, and the 
 thirty poor people named out-members, whom the said churchwardens 
 represented, were not so easily dismissed. They claimed their rights, and 
 
1627.] THE WARDEN'S FIRST ACCOUNT. 97 
 
 were not disposed to be summarily excluded. Accordingly the assistants 
 all attended at the first audit held on the 6th November 1627, when the 
 warden Matthias Alleyn presented his accounts, showing a balance due to 
 him by the College of £90. 5s. 4d., with arrears owing to the Corporation 
 of £41. 4s. 2d., and a liability to the brewer of £19. 12s. 
 
 As a specimen, a transcript of part of this account is given here ; and 
 it may be remarked, that until the dissolution of the old Corporation 
 in 1857 this form was adhered to, though the uise of Eoman numerals 
 was speedily abandoned. 
 
 1626 Chakdge. 1627 
 
 The accompt of M' Matliias Alleyn warden of the Colledp;e of God's guift in 
 Dulwich in the countie of Surrey from the death of the late ffounder of the said 
 Colledge, viz' the xxv"" of November 1626 being Sattorday to Sattorday the third day 
 of November 1627. as foHoweth 
 
 Eeceaved of Browne in earnest for the Mill . . xij*^ 
 
 Kec^ of M' Sewer for wood .... viij^ 
 
 Eec^ more of M' Sewer for wood sold to him by ) -, u 
 
 the colledge . . . . . j 
 
 Eec* in earnest of Thomas Downer for Malyns howse "v^ vj"* 
 
 Rec* of John Scrivener in earnest for wateringe . xij"^ 
 
 Rec** of widow Tapnett for bush bavins 1 load and an 'J ^ 
 
 half ; "^^ 
 
 Eec^ of Stevens for iij loads of haye . . . iij" 
 
 Eec* of Eobert Bodger for the after pasture of the") ...3 
 
 fower feildes of Ashpole end . . . | '^ 
 
 Eec'' in earnest of M' Nicolls for Dulwich Court) . 
 
 landes . . . . . .> 
 
 Eec^ of the master of the Colledge for one half yeares \ 
 
 boord for his daughter M""" Joane Alleyn ending \ ....„ 
 
 at Michas last L^ And more of him for his maides T •' 
 
 boord for half a yeare then ending xxx' in toto . ) 
 Eec"* of Eichard Pears for vj acres of the grownd ) ,3 
 
 belonging to Dulwich Court . . . | 
 
 And j" he oweth still 
 Rec* out of the Buttery .... xiij' v* ob. 
 
 Sum Ixij" viij' ij* ob. 
 
 Chaedge. 
 
 Rente ending at Michaelmas 1627. 
 
 Rec'' of Robert Starkye his wholl yeares rent . xvij" xvi= viij* 
 
 Rec** of William Staple his yeares rent . . ix" vj= viij'* 
 
 Rec* of M' Estowe his yeares rent . . . P 
 
 VOL. I. N 
 
98 
 
 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 [a.d. 
 
 Eec* of Eobert Bodger in pte 
 
 Eec** of John Bodger for halfe a yeres rent . 
 
 owing by him still vj" 
 Eec** of M' John Sanders in full 
 Eec"* of M' Mathew his yeares rent . 
 Eec* of M' Steele for his yeres rent . 
 Eec'* of Walter Hethersall in pte 
 
 owing still 1" 
 Eec^ of Thomas Hamond in pte 
 
 owing still vj" 
 Eec** of M' Stougbton for his yeres rent 
 Eec* of Thomas Downer nil 
 
 owing by him xj" besides malins howse 
 Eec^ of Henry Collins for his yeres rent 
 Eec* of Daniell Cranwell in full 
 Eec"* of M' Appleton in full . 
 Eec* of John Scrivener in full 
 Eec* of ffaver ffoxe in full 
 Eec* for Dulwich Court nil 
 Eec^ of John Spring in full . 
 Eec- of William Mathew in full 
 Eec** of Edmond Eedman in full 
 Eec'* of Eichard Peare in full 
 Eec^ of widow Jones in full . 
 Eec"* of widow Bone in full . 
 Eec* of the warden in full for his leases 
 
 and more receaved of him for 4 acres of 
 burnt grownd in full 
 Eec* of Walter Bone in full . 
 Eec'^ of Underwood nil owing 1" 
 Eec* of Thomas Ellis in pte owing x' 
 
 the) 
 
 xiiij" j' iij* 
 vj" 
 
 Ix" 
 
 xxiiij" 
 
 xiij" vj* viij'' 
 vj" x' 
 
 VJ" 
 
 IX" 
 
 11 
 
 u 
 
 vnj" 
 
 XXVlj 
 
 viij" 
 xx" v^ 
 
 iiij' xvij' 
 
 ix" 
 
 xxv" xvj' viij* 
 
 iij" vj' viij* 
 
 xxx' 
 
 xxvj' viij* 
 
 XXX vj" 
 iij" v' 
 
 Sum eclxxxxvij" xiiij iij" 
 
 Charge. 
 
 Eec* of John Casinghurst come nil 
 Eec* of M' Laughton in pte . 
 
 owing by him xlvj' viij* 
 Eec* of M' Diaper in full 
 Eec* of the widow Quarrell in parte 
 
 owing xxxv° 
 Eec* of widow Japnett in full 
 Eec* Nicholas ffosters quitrent for y* yere 
 Eec* of widow Pagett nil, owing x' 
 Eec* of M' Sewer for his \ yeare 
 
 Vllj" 
 
 xij" 
 ix" xv' 
 
 xxx° 
 
 iiij' viij* 
 
 iij" X' 
 
 Sum is xxxiiij" xix* viij* 
 
 There seems to be a mistake of ten shillings in this addition. 
 
1627.] 
 
 THE WARDEN'S FIRST ACCOUNT. 
 
 99 
 
 3 qters 
 
 iiij" 
 xxv' 
 xiij" 
 
 xxij" x' 
 
 Eents of golding lane, whitecrosstreete and Bishopsgate streets. 
 
 Kec« of M'^' Smith in full . 
 
 Eec* of Broxton in full 
 
 Rec** of M' Johnson in full . 
 
 Rec* of M' Turke for half a yere full 
 
 Rec* of M' Iveson in full 
 
 Rec^ of M' Harris in Bishopsgate street for 
 . of a yere .... 
 owing vij" x' 
 fortnne Rec^ of M' GilbomB . 
 irfar"" Reel of M''' Gray . 
 
 Rec"! of M"*' Wigpett 
 
 Rec* of M' ffisher in full . 
 
 Rec** of Widow Massye 
 
 Rec* of M' Jackson . 
 
 Rec"* of M' Gonnell . 
 
 Rec^ of M' Sparke . 
 
 ReC* of M' Tabye . 
 
 Reed of M' Kempton 
 
 Reed of M' Smith . 
 
 Reed of M' Blake . 
 
 Reed of M' Bosgrave . 
 
 Reed of M' Comingham 
 
 Reed of George Massye 
 
 x" xiij' x** 
 xxj" viij' 
 v" vj' xj"* 
 v" vj' xj^ 
 v" vj' xi* 
 X* xiij* x^ 
 x" xiij' X* 
 x" xiij' x** 
 v' vj' xj*^ 
 x" xiij' x** 
 v" vj' xj* 
 v" vj' xj* 
 v" vj' xi* 
 x" xiij' x" 
 v" vj' xi* 
 
 Sum clxxxv" j' iiij* 
 
 Chabdgb. 
 
 xx' 
 lij' vj* 
 
 vj" 
 xx* 
 vj" 
 
 Sum total of all the receipts is . . . v°lxxx" iij" v* ob. 
 
 Arrerages of rents remayninge in Tenants hands not yet receaved. 
 M' Harris ...... vij" x' 
 
 Richard Peare 
 
 Robert Bodger 
 
 John Bodger 
 
 Walter Hethersall . 
 
 Thomas Hamond 
 
 Thomas Downer besides Malins howse . . xj" 
 
 John Underwood ..... xx' 
 
 Thomas Ellis ..... x' 
 
 M' Laughton ..... xlvj' viij* 
 
 Widow Quarrell ..... xxxv' 
 
 Widow Padgett ..... x" 
 
 Sum of the arrerages is xlj" iiij' ij* 
 
 DiSCHAKDGE. 
 
 The disbursem" of the said Mathias Alleyn gent warden of the said Colledge from 
 the said 25th of November 1626 unto the third of November 1627, are as foUoweth 
 
I oo HISTOR y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 ■viz' for diett of the CoUedge, pencons, servants wages, reparacons and other necessaries, 
 all w°'' pticulerly appeare in the said wardens day booke, and are weekely allowed by 
 the master and fieUowes of the said Colledge, and to ewy of the said weekely accompts 
 they have subscribed their names 
 
 ffor the first weeke paid .... xiij" vij= v* 
 
 (Then follow the amounts paid in each week to the 
 
 49th week amounting to . . . . vj-lvij j» iv* ob.) 
 
 Sura total of the payments .... vj'lxx" viijf ix* ob. 
 
 Besides due to M' Poole the brewer for beere) ^j^n ^-s 
 
 remayning unpaid . . . . ) " 
 
 Charge v'lxxx" iij= v* ob. 
 
 Discharge . . . vj°lxx" viij° ix* ob. 
 
 So the said warden hath disbursed more than he hath receaved, w^"" the College is 
 to satisfie him upon future accompt . . . 90'' 05' 4* 
 
 This accompt was seene viewed audited and allowed by the M' assistants and 
 fellowes of the said Colledge the vj'" day of November 1627 who have in testimony 
 thereof subscribed their names hereunto 
 
 Tho: Alleyn Joseph Reding 
 
 Hen: Pynson Mathew Sweetsek 
 
 Hugh Newton Charles ffaldo 
 
 Mich. Nicholson John Silluer, 
 
 WlLLM Madox 
 James Marshall 
 Tobias Markham 
 
 At this audit, George Brome, who had probably been solicitor to the 
 Founder, as his name appears as witness to the statutes as well as to Alleyn's 
 will, was appointed clerk to the College by the following order : — 
 
 Item yt is ordered by the said Court that George Brome of blackfriars London 
 scrivener shalbee clarke of the said colledge to doe them service at fitting tymes for 
 the making up of their accompts and to give warning to the churchwardens of the 
 court dales, and shaU have fourtie sliillings fee to be paid by the colledge yearely 
 besides the making of all the leases of the saide colledge & other wrytiugs incident 
 thereunto. 
 
 On the 1st May 1628 a second audit was held, and on this occasion the 
 question of the residence of the master's wife was settled. The warden was 
 no longer immediately interested, as his wife Elizabeth had died, being 
 buried in the College churchyard on the 21st March 1627/8. 
 
 The settlement arrived at appears in the audit book as follows : — 
 
 The opinion of S' Thomas Crewe and M' Davenport serieants at lawe & M' Stone 
 & M' George Cole councellors at lawe have delivered their opinions under their hands 
 and now shewed to this court, that the statutes doe not contradict but that the nowe 
 master and warden may marrye in regard they were married men when they were 
 
i628.] 
 
 THE FIRST DIVIDEND. 
 
 invested by the founder yt is now agreed by the said Court that M" Alleyn the wife 
 of M' Thomas Alleyn, Master of the said CoUedge shall have her diett in the said 
 Colledge whilst the said M' "Warden and Fellows shalbe in comons, or ten pownds -a 
 yeare in lieu thereof when they shall not be in comons for and during the ioynt 
 naturall lives of the said Master and his said wife. In regard the said Master Thomas 
 Alleyn was noiated and appointed to be master of the said Colledge by the ffounder 
 thereof in his life tyme, w"'out excepcon and was then a married man, knowne to the 
 ffounder, and came not in since by eleccon according to the orders of the said Colledge. 
 And that the wife of M' Mathias Alleyn warden shall likewise have her diett or like 
 allowance for the reason aforesaid during their like joint lives out of the said Colledge, 
 if hee may lawfully marry againe, and contynue warden or shalbe master of the said 
 Colledge. 
 
 At the second audit, the affairs of the College appear to have been more^ 
 prosperous than at the first, for after paying the debt due to the Warden 
 there remained a surplus of £57. 10s. 8d., and the members of the College 
 
 of £30 of this sum amongst themselves as 
 
 agreed 
 
 to 
 
 the distribution 
 
 follows 
 
 
 To the Master 
 To the Warden 
 To M"" Eeding- 
 To M' Faldo 
 To M' Silver 
 To the poor 
 
 amongst 
 
 themselves 
 
 £12 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 
 
 3 12 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 1 16 
 
 
 
 12 
 
 
 
 Mr. Eeding and Mr. Faldo were the preacher and schoolmaster respec- 
 tively, and Mr. Silver the organist. The usher's place was vacant by the 
 death which had lately happened of Mr. Thomas Dickinson. 
 
 It is difficult to see how the College reconciled this division with the 
 provisions of statute 117, which elaborately sets forth the mode of distribu- 
 tion in case of a surplus, and moreover expressly declares that there should 
 be no dividend until £100 had been placed in the treasury chest. The 
 Warden did not agree with his colleagues, and refused to accept his £9. 
 The dividend was nevertheless confirnied at the audit on the succeeding 
 4th September, but as the finances of the College did not admit of another 
 for the next eighty-five years, the question did not again come up in that 
 
 generation. 
 
 At the audit on the 4th September 1629, besides confirming the previous 
 order as to the wives of the Master and Warden, and allowing them keep 
 and stabling for a horse each, the Eev. Robert Welles, the first Fellow, was 
 expelled. The particulars of his offences are not mentioned, but the follow- 
 ing is the order made and signed by the Master, Warden, second and 
 third Fellows, the fourth Fellow or organist, though still a member of the 
 College, not signing, the act being apparently that of the Corporation 
 alone, and not subjected to the consent of the assistants. 
 
102 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 That we the Master, Warden and Fellows of God's Gift College in Dulwich have 
 with full consent expulsed M' Robert Welles out of his place and dignities that he 
 formerly was possessed of in the said Colledge for breaking and infringing the statutes 
 of the Colledge and for divers misdemeanors by him committed and which hath 
 appeared unto us. Dated this 4'" of Sept'. 1629. Thom. Alleyn 
 
 Mathias Alleyn 
 Chaeles Paldo 
 John Viell 
 
 Mr. Welles seems to have appealed to tlie Visitor, "who confirmed the 
 expulsion, but allowed the appellant his diet until the succeeding All Saints' 
 Day, as appears by the following entry in the Warden's accounts : — 
 
 30 Sept. 1629. Paid M' Wells for dyet w"" he was to have from y' colledge till 
 All Sainte dale nexte by the appoyntment of my lord Bishopp of Canterbury visitor 
 02" 00' 0*. 
 
 The Master appears to have had his family to reside with him in the 
 College, for in March 1629/30 the Warden's receipts include a sum of 
 X2. 10s. — from the Master for diet for his son, Mr. Edward Alleyn. Several 
 of the Fellows also paid for food out of the Buttery, and in 1630/1, the 
 Warden received £1. 8 s. 7d. from Mr. Elvers, " commoner in Mr. Blemell's 
 " (the Preacher's) upper chamber." This Mr. Elvers had been admitted in 
 the previous October, as appears from the following note in one of the 
 Warden's account books : — 
 
 18 of October 1629 being Monday S' John Eivers brought his son to the Colledge 
 to be commoner. 
 
 No mention being made of any payment to the College in respect of his 
 education, it is probable that Mr. Eivers was, in fact, a private pupil of Mr. 
 Blemell's. 
 
 In the year 1630, Archbishop Abbot held a visitation of the College, 
 the particulars of which are recorded in Latin in his register at Lambeth 
 Palace. The citation summoned the whole society and servants to appear 
 in the College chapel on Wednesday the 23rd June 1630, on which day 
 the Commission was opened by Thomas Buckner, D.D., one of his Grace's 
 domestic chaplains, and by him adjourned to Tuesday the 6th September. 
 On that day the Archbishop personally attended, and, seated in the chapel 
 with William Dobson, apparitor-general, admonished the Master, Warden, 
 and Fellows to support the poor and the scholars both present and to 
 come, and to behave themselves soberly and modestly, and to observe the 
 statutes and ordinances of the College in accordance with their oaths. 
 
 This admonition was probably meant to settle the question as to whether 
 the pensions of the thirty out-members were to be paid or not, and though 
 
1 63 1.] ELECTION OF WARDEN. 103 
 
 it is by no means clearly so expressed, it seems to have been decided in the 
 negative, as will presently appear. 
 
 At the audit held on the 4th September 1630, it was ordered — 
 
 In regard Thomas Bringhurst servaunt to the master of the Colledge and having 
 used to brew for the said Colledge and to buy their mault, for that hee hath dealt 
 fraudulently for the said colledge and purloyned divers psells of mault from tyme to 
 tyme to their great wrong and preiudice, that he be expelled the said colledge, and 
 not to have any residence in the said colledge or any benefitt from thence hereafter. 
 
 On the 27th March 1631, Thomas AUeyn, the first Master, died, and 
 was succeeded, in accordance with the statutes, by Matthias Alleyn, the 
 Warden (Stat. 13). 
 
 It will be remembered that at the audit on the 1st May 1628, it was 
 declared that Matthias AUeyn had the right to marry a second time if he 
 so wished ; and that his wife should have her diet in the College. He 
 exercised this privilege, but there was some difficulty in regard to his 
 wife's residence, as among some papers recently discovered at Dulwich 
 College (addl. MSS.) is a petition from him to the Archbishop at this date, 
 praying that he may be allowed to have his wife to reside in the College, 
 and also that he may be allowed the keep of a horse. Neither request 
 seems to have been granted. 
 
 A court extraordinary was held on the 18 th April to elect a new Warden. 
 It will be remembered that the statutes provided that two persons should 
 be selected, " single persons and unmarried, of my blood and sirname, and 
 " for want of such of my sirname onlie " (Stat. 3), and that these two should 
 draw lots (Stat. 16). The court, however, decided that the Founder's kin 
 had a claim prior to all others, and elected Mr. Thomas Alleyn, " cosen and 
 " heire at the comon law to the fi'oiider of the said coUedge ; " adding, " which 
 " Thomas Alleyn was so elected in regard there was none equall in blood 
 " and condicon w*^ him, but only M"' John Alleyn, sonne of the said Mathias 
 " AUeyn master, who was then under age. And therefore the Court 
 " thought fitt that noe stranger should stand w"" him as a competitor in the 
 " choice so long as there is any one fitt of the blood and surname to execute 
 " the place of Warden aforesaid. And therefore have elected the said 
 " Thomas Alleyn to be warden." * 
 
 This resolution is signed by the " whole court," that is, the assistants 
 as well as the members of the Corporation. 
 
 The new Master kept the accounts of the CoUege instead of the Warden 
 untU the next audit on the 5th September 1631, "by reason he (the 
 
 * Extract from the will of Edward Alleyn :— Item. I give to Thomas Alleyn the son of John 
 AUeyn late of Willen in the county of Bucks being my cousin and next heir at the common law the 
 sum of fifty pounds. 
 
104 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 " new warden) is not yet well instructed in the said OjSice," and on that day he 
 showed a balance due to him by the College of £263. 8s. Id. The rent due 
 by the late Master Thomas AUeyn was set off " for his oats for keep allowed 
 " for his Horse," It does not appear what lands had been held by the 
 Master, though it is stated in the first audit minutes that the then "Warden, 
 Matthias Alleyn, was a tenant of the College to the amount of £12. 6s. per 
 annum rent. 
 
 There seems to have been some difl&culty in finding the money to 
 pay off this debt, for although an order was passed on the 5th March 
 1631/2 to pay off the Master's debt from the "first and next receipts 
 " that shall accrew to the said Colledge by Eents or otherwise," it 
 remained unpaid until March 1632/3, when " security was given by the 
 " Master, Warden and Fellows of the College to M' Lawrence Brindley for 
 " the sum aforesaid viz* £263. 8. 1. due to the master," the bond being 
 dated 14th'' April 1633, under the College seal, and witnessed by Geo. 
 Brome, the solicitor. 
 
 On the same 5th March 1631/2 John AUanbee, one of the poor brethren, 
 was expelled from the College for various offences, which are thus set forth, — 
 
 fforasmuch as John Allantee one of the Almesmen of the colledge called God's 
 guift colledge in Dulw"" hath been a disorderly person since he came into the colledge 
 and often offended by breaking the statutes of the said colledge, for w"" his misde- 
 meanors he hath bene sundry times admonished and reproved and his offences pdoned. 
 Nevertheless the said Allanbee contynuing in his vices both of drunkennes and other 
 lewd offences was by the master of the colledge reproved the first dale of March 1631, 
 but the said Allanbee did stubbornly answere the master that he did noe more then 
 the spirit of God moved him to, iustifying himself and would not be brought to any 
 obedience of an orderly and civile life and being often found guiltie of these offences 
 following viz'. 1. Being a scolding and railing pson, falling out with the rest of his 
 brothers and sisters, and would not live att peace with them. 
 
 2. For abusing the ffellowes of the Colledge sundry times cursing and swearing 
 and wishing god to confound all prowd prests. 
 
 3. For being often drunck. 
 
 4. For running into Chappell in time of Divine Service drunck and reeling and 
 could not stand upright upon his legges. 
 
 5. For his obstinate answere to the Master of the CoUedge to iustify himself in his 
 lewd courses being reproved. 
 
 6. For frefjuenting the womens chambers, contrary to the statutes, for which he 
 had often warning to the contrary. 
 
 7. For that it did appeare by confession of one of the poore sisters of the CoUedge 
 that the said John Allanbee would have laine with the said poore sister persuading 
 Her that ffornication was not sinne att all, if both parties were agreed. 
 
 For these offences wee whose names are here subscribed doe conceave that the said 
 Allanbee was not worthie to live in a civile societie and therefore w'" a full consent 
 have expelled the said Allanbee out of the said Colledge for ever according to the 
 statutes and ordinances made in that behalf. (Signed by the Master, Warden and four 
 
i633-] THE THIRTY OUT-MEMBERS. 105 
 
 Fellows.) The said John Allanbee Laving appealed and his case at large heard and 
 debated, he was found guiltie and therefore expelled the said Colledge by generall 
 consent of the cotirt of assistants of the said colledge. 
 
 About this time both the parish of St. Gilea, Cripplegate, and the 
 parish of St. Botolph's, Bishopsgate, took action against the College 
 to enforce the payment of the pensions allotted in the statutes to the 
 thirty out-members, or inhabitants of the almshouses, -which Edward 
 Alleyn had himself built in St. Giles during his lifetime, and which he 
 had ordered his executors to build in St. Botolph's and St. Saviour's. 
 In the year 1695, Mr. Eichard Prichard, the then senior Fellow, arguing 
 against these payments in a paper addressed to the Archbishop of Canter- 
 bury, gives the following account of what took place : — " For w"" and 
 " other like reasons particularly for that y° additional number would have 
 " no legal right in j^ estate or establishment, the intended •allowances of y* 
 " thirty out-members were stopt soon after y° death of y° flfounder. 
 " Complaint whereof being made by y° Parish of S* Giles Cripplegate 
 " on or about y* sixth of January 1632, before his Grace the then 
 " Archbishop as Visitor of y' s* College, and council being heard on 
 " both sides his Grace thought fitt to dismiss the complaynants without 
 " redress declaring it to be matter of Law wherein he would not determine 
 " anything." ^* 
 
 There is no record of this application in the Archbishop's register, but 
 the Donation Book of St. Giles, now St. Luke's, parish contains a statement 
 of a case submitted to counsel, requesting their opinions as to whether Mr, 
 Allen after this erection of a corporation by " authority may without any 
 " new license, add any new members thereunto, or give any pensions out 
 " of their meanes formerly conveyed and settled to any other person not 
 " mentioned in the letters patent &c. and contrary to his own deede and 
 " fine whereby the lands are limited to the only use of the master warden 
 " four fellows, six poor brethren six poor sisters and 12 poor scholars. 
 " And whether he may add new uses and give pensions to any other people 
 " out of his Grant." 
 
 To this are annexed the opinions of Mr. Sergeant Henden, Mr. Stone, 
 of London, Mr. Hearne, Dr. Elvers, Sir Thomas Crew, Sergeant, and Mr. 
 Sergeant Davenport, who is described as " now Lord Chief Baron." As 
 Mr. Sergeant Davenport became a Justice of the Common Pleas on the 2nd 
 February 1630 and Lord Chief Baron on the 10th January 1631, the 
 opinions must have been given previous to the former date, but a note at 
 foot is probably of a later year. It runs — 
 
 • A imatilated case for the opinion of counsel as to the rights of the assistants, contains a marginal 
 note alluding to the hearing of the case of the Parish of St. Giles by the Archbishop on the 19th 
 January 1632. 
 
 VOL. I. 
 
io6 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. a.d. 
 
 " It is clere that Dulwich College hath given as a benevolence to the 
 " said Alms People the said allowance but it appears the Master has 
 " disbursed £263. 8. 1., and the College having run behind so much they 
 " are enforced to forbear all unnecessary allowances and payments unduly 
 " charged upon the college." 
 
 Although it is not in the regular sequence of date, it may be here 
 mentioned on the authority of Mr. Prichard's paper, above quoted, that 
 " about five years later y' Parish of S' Giles procured a Commission for 
 " Charitable Uses for to make enquiry into and determine y° s* cause, upon 
 " hearing whereof at Guildhall on y' tenth of January 1640 there was 
 " an order made that y° Defendants viz* y° Master Warden and fiellowes of 
 " y* College sh*^ be discharged from any further attendance touching y* 
 " matter then in question and y° complaynants dismissed without redress. 
 " From and after which time for y° space of about 24 yeares it does not 
 " appear that these thirty outmembers or that y° churchwardens of their 
 " Parishes on their Behalf did attempt any further either in law or Equity 
 " y* Kecovery or rather obtaining of their pretended Eight to the said 
 " allowances untUl y* yeare 1664." 
 
 The parishes of St. Botolph and St. Saviour's were difi'erently situated 
 to that of St. Giles, inasmuch as the almshouses in those parishes were not 
 yet built ; and the matter was brought before the Court of Chancery in 
 1633 in a suit instituted by Dr. Thomas Worrall, rector of St. Botolph 
 without Bishopsgate and other parishioners, against Matthias AUeyn, as 
 executor of Edward Alleyn, for the purpose of enforcing the building of 
 ten almshouses as directed in Alleyn's will. The following decree of Lord 
 Keeper Coventry pronounced by consent in this suit is taken from a 
 certified copy of the original records now in the Tower of London, which 
 was obtained in 1841 for the purposes of a suit then depending between 
 the Attorney-General and the College : — 
 
 " Sa. xxj decembris Termino S" Michis Anno Eegni Caroli Kegis nono Annoque 
 « Dni 1633." 
 
 " Uppon the hearing and debating of the M" this daie upon the Bill and Answers 
 " before the Eight Hon'"' the Lord Keeper in the presence of Councell learned on 
 " both sides It appeared that King James by letters Patents dated the xxj'" of June 
 " xvij° of his raigne licensed Edward Allen the Testator to erect the said CoUedge to 
 " consist of one M' one Warden, fower Fellowes, 6 poore Brethren, 6 poore Sisters and 
 " 12 poore SchoUers to be mayntayned ruled and governed according to such 
 " foundacon and statutes as the s* Edward Allen should make under his hand and 
 " scale. And by the s^ Patent authorized him to amortize to the Corporacon divers 
 " landes, pticulerlie menconed in the Patent but gave noe power to alter or add any 
 " members to the Corporacon. In pursuance of which authoritie the Testator by 
 " Deed in formi Juris erected the said CoUedge and called it God's Guift CoUedge in 
 " DuW. And by Indenture dated the xxiiij'" of ApriU xviij" Jac the Testator 
 " covenfited with WiU" Alleyn and W" Austen to levye a ffyne of all the landes in 
 
1633.] THE ALMSHOUSES IN ST. BOTOLPWS AND ST. SAVIOUR'S. 107 
 
 " the Patent to the use of the Corporacon and a fyne was levyed accordinglie. After 
 " w'"" lycense incorporacon and alienacon in Mortmayne the Testator builded 
 " Almeshowses in the Parishe of S' Giles w"'out Cripplegate London for ten poore 
 " people and gave to each of them 2' 6* quarterlie and a gowne once in 2 yeares see 
 " long as he lyved and not long before his death he made Ordynances for the psons 
 " therein according to his Patent and likewise made Ordynances for the 10 poore 
 " people in S' Giles Parish and having a purpose in his lifetime to build x other 
 " almeshowses or one Almeshowse for x poore people in the Pits Parish and the like 
 " for 10 poore people in the Parishe of S' Saviors in Southwark w""" worke he did not 
 " effect in his life tyme but yet made Ordynances for the government of his intended 
 " Almeshowses. And amongst other things sett downe in his Ordynances that the 
 " thirty poore people of the 3 severall Pishes aforesaid should have 6** a weeke a peece 
 " and gownes once in two yeares. And the s* Testator about Novemb' 1626 made his 
 " will and thereby willed that his Executors w"'in 2 yeares after his decease should 
 " build 10 Almeshowses in the Pits Pishe for 10 poore people of that pishe to be 
 " members of the s* Colledge And the like for 10 poore people in the Parish of S' 
 " Saviours to be members also of the same Colledge w""* xx'^ poore people should 
 " have such relief as in the statutes of the Colledge are sett downe, and made Thomas 
 " Allen and the def Mathias Allen his execute" and shortlie after dyed. And that 
 " the s^ 10 Almeshowses in the pits Parish being not yet built nor any ymployment 
 " made by Matthias Allen the surviving Executo' of the monyes remayning in his 
 " handes as Assetts. The pits have exhited their BiU to have the same ymployed 
 " in some good course for the benefitt of the poore of their said pish. And the Defts 
 " by Answere confesse the substance of the said bill and the Testators purpose to 
 " build 10 roomes for 10 poore people in S' Saviours Parish and to doe the like in the 
 " Ptfs Parish and that he made Ordynances in his lifetyme for the 30 poore in the 3 
 " severall Parishes aforesaid and that they should have vj** a weeke a peece and a 
 " Gowne once in 2 yeare. But they sale that there is noe power by the Patent to 
 " alter or add more members to the Corporacon at the will of the found' and that if 
 " there had bj'n a power yet. the landes at the tyme of the foundacon being at a rack 
 " rent are since by decaye of tents and otherwise much abated in the yearlie value 
 " besides there are many necessary provisions, charges, quitt rents, duties to the King, 
 " charges in suites of Lawe, repacons for the Colledge and other duties past and 
 " groweing expences w*"" must be necessarilie supplied out of the Colledge revenue for 
 " the Colledge w""" were never thought on by the Pounder at the tyme of the 
 " Indowm' and when he made the Ordynances for the Colledge : and the Det* Mathias 
 " Allen doth denye that he hath assetts suff' in his handes to build the said howses 
 "■ and to buy ground whereon to build them but offereth that if the Pits will sett him 
 " out ground he will buyld soe farr as 120" will extend w"*" is the moyetie of the 
 " assetts he doth acknowledge to be in his handes it being alleaged that it was the 
 " ffounders will that the Pits shoidd buy ground for their building, but the Def" offer 
 " being not accepted It is thought fitt and soe ordered by the consent of the pties on 
 " both sides that upon securitye to be given by the said Parish of S' Buttolphes to be 
 " taken and allowed by the Chamberlen of London to ymploy the said 120" for the 
 '' increase thereof for a stock to be made and raised at seaven yeares end to be then 
 " ymployed in the parishe of S' Buttolphe for the purpose aforesaid the said DeP 
 " Matthyas Allen shall paie unto the Pits the said 120" and the securitie is to be 
 " given to the Chamber of London and the Chamblen is to alter change and take newe 
 " security during the said tyme of 7 yeares as often as he shall hould it convenient. 
 
I o8 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 " And it is ordered that if there shall any ncwe addicon of Estate come to the 
 " Colledge or that there shall be hereafter an overplus of value in the CoUedge 
 " Eevenewe all the said duties and necessaries to the same first discharged then the 
 " s* Def shalbe liable to paye such increase to these addiconall Charities of the found' 
 " as this Court shall thinck fitt. And it is ordered that upon paym' of the said 120"* 
 " to the said Parishe the said Def Mathyas Allen be from thenceforth acquited and 
 " discharged against the said Parish of S' Buttolph for or by reason of the bequest 
 " aforesaid." 
 
 Since the death of the Founder, the College had regularly filled up the 
 vacancies in the fellowships as they occurred, but in 1632 it is recorded 
 that John Boylston and William Sutton applied to the Archbishop of 
 Canterbury as Visitor for the third fellowship then vacant by the promotion 
 of Samuel Porter. The Archbishop on the 6th November 1632 wrote : " I 
 " referr this Peticon to the master of Dulwich to doe therein what he 
 " shall find agreable to the statutes. Gr. Cant." And " on the 7"' day 
 " of November the two Peticoners did draw lotts for the Place, and the 
 " lott did fall upon WiUiam Sutton, who was forthwith admitted and sworn 
 " flFellow." 
 
 At the audit on the 4th September 1632, the deeds relating to the 
 " Blew House," which had been bequeathed by Alley n' to the parish of 
 St. Botolph's, were formally handed over to the churchwardens of that 
 parish. 
 
 On the 9th October 1634, Mr. John Alleyn, the fourth Fellow, was 
 married to Dionisia, daughter of Mr. Cole of London. This marriage is 
 notable as the first recorded as having been celebrated in the College chapel, 
 and the carelessness with which the register was kept is evinced by the 
 fact that it is first inserted among the burials, and then erased and entered 
 below. There are no signatures attached to the register until a much later 
 date. ^ This Mr. Alleyn appears to have continued to reside in or near 
 Dulwich, as his daughter Elizabeth was baptized in the College chapel on 
 the 19th February 1635/6. 
 
 It is recorded in the register of Archbishop Laud at Lambeth, that on 
 Tuesday, 20th January 1634/5, Matthias Alleyn, Master, Thomas Alleyn, 
 Warden, Samuel Porter, Schoolmaster, William Sutton, Usher, and William 
 Holmes, Organist {j)ulsator organorum)* appeared before the Archbishop at 
 Lambeth, and submitted themselves to him. His Grace, accepting their 
 submission, caused certain of the statutes and certain written informations 
 to be read, and inquired of the Master and Warden whether they wore 
 surplices during Divine Service, and sang in the quire, as by the statutes 
 they were bound to do. They replied, " That they being laymen have 
 " conceived itt not to bee fitt for them to weare surplices and that being 
 
 * The preaclier, the Eev. David Fletcher, waa absent. 
 
i63S.] VISITATION B Y ARCHBISHOP LA UD. 109 
 
 " unskilful in singing they have not sung themselves." The Master also 
 replied, " That he doth give a man four pounds a year to supply his place 
 " in the Quire in singing and that now and then the same man doth attend 
 " divine service and performeth his part in singing thereatt." And the 
 Warden replied, " That there is a youth "who he intends to traine up to 
 " sing and being fitt shall performe his part in the Quire." Whereupon 
 the Archbishop admonished them, " That thereafter they doe daily weare 
 " their surplices and provide able singing men to supply their places in the 
 " Quire, there duly to attend divine service and holy anthems be song {sic) 
 " as well on Sundays as other dayes and that the Bason and two candle- 
 " sticks which the master confesseth hee tooke away from the altar and 
 " keepeth att his chamber in the said CoUedg be placed there againe. And 
 " that the warden doe provide surplices for the boyes according to the 44*^^ 
 " statute ; " and moreover intimated to the said Master, " That he doth not 
 " allow him to keepe a horse att the CoUedge charge," and adjourned the 
 visitation to a day to be named. 
 
 This visitation was continued on Saturday the 18th July 1635 by 
 Sir Nathaniel Brent, Knight, LL.D., Vicar-General, when the College 
 was ordered to give an account of all its property, according to a book 
 called the " Survey Book," the visitation being adjourned to the 10th 
 September. 
 
 On that day all the members of the Society, the butler, the cook, the 
 kitchen boy, and four servants not particularly designated, attended, and 
 twenty-one articles were administered to them. No answers to these 
 questions are preserved. They related entirely to the internal arrangements 
 of the College, and to the observance of the statutes, and are not of sufficient 
 interest to be recorded. 
 
 Meanwhile the affairs of the College had not been very prosperous, for 
 the audit on the 4th September 1634 showed the Warden creditor of the 
 College £182. 16s. A sale of timber to the extent of £120 was made, and 
 £100 was borrowed from Mr. Crowther, with the help of which funds and 
 the accruing rents, the College was enabled to pay off £60 of the debt due 
 to Mr. Brindley, and to reduce the amount owing to the Warden to 
 £41. 19s. 8d. by the 4th March 1634/5. 
 
 In this year a difficulty arose with respect to the case of Mr. David 
 Fletcher, who had been preacher since the 25th June 1632, and who, having 
 obtained leave to visit his parents in Scotland, prolonged his absence to 
 such an extent as to induce the CoUege to take legal advice as to their 
 right to fill up his office. The case presented to counsel is still extant, and 
 runs thus : — 
 Case as to the right of appointment of a successor to David Fletcher (preacher 
 
 fellow 25 June 1632-12 Aug. 1634) who had forfeited his fellowship at Dulwich 
 
1 1 o HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 College by staying away " three times longer then the Statutes of the Colledge 
 " allowe : " 1634. (MSS. vi 4.) 
 
 By one of the statutes of Godds Guift Colledge in Dulwich the ffounder hath 
 ordayned for the libertie of the ffeUowes, in these wordes foUowing viz. Provided that 
 there be not leave graunted to any pson above 40 dales within one yeare one time with 
 another. 
 
 M' David filetcher one of the Fellowes of the said colledge had leave for 6 weeks 
 to goe into Scotland to see his Parents, and was to returne againe to the Colledge 
 within the time lymited. 
 
 M' ffletcher having occasion to stale longer in Scotland writes to the M' of the 
 colledge that he could not returne according to the time given him by statute, and 
 therefore desires the colledge to affoord him their favour, w"*" some of the ffeUowes of 
 y" colledge formerly had, that is forbearance for a longer time. 
 
 The said M' Fletcher to prevent the Master ward: & ffeUowes from gooing to a choice 
 of a new ffeUow, writes up to London to the Lo. B^ of Eoss,* to desire him to crave y" 
 lawfull favour of the Lords Grace of Cant, visitor of the said Colledge, to cause the 
 ma', ward. & ffell: to make stale of his place, and that none might be admitted into his 
 fellowshippe, in regard he intended to returne to his place in the said Colledge, he 
 having soe provided that his place was supplied in his absence at his owne charge 
 without preiudice to the Colledge. 
 
 The Lo: W. of Eoss did undertake and promise to obtaine the lawfull favour of my 
 Lo': Grace, that none should be admitted into his place, but that it should be" staled 
 for him till Christmas. 
 
 The said M' fSetcher returned not to his place in the said Colledge as he 
 promised when as he had staled three times longer, then the statutes of the colledge 
 allowe. 
 
 The ffounder by his statutes ordayned that when any of the ffellowshipps falle 
 void, then the master warden and the rest of the fellowes shall within six weeks after 
 pvide two able and sufficient men to draw lotte for the void place, this being omitted, 
 and no choice made within the time lymitted, some would pretend or suppose the 
 college have lost their power of the sayd choice. 
 
 Question 1. Whether the colledge have not still the same power in themselves to 
 make choice of a new fellowe or not in regard the King by Mortmayne (among other 
 clauses) graunts that power of choice to the ffounder, and the ffounder by his ordinance 
 gives the same power to the colledge for choyce and to none other pson or psons 
 whatever. 
 
 2. Whether the Lo. Archb? of Cant as visitor of the said colledge hath any just 
 title to put in a new ffellow or not, in regard of the statute w"" in these words 
 followe, viz. 
 A"" 13 El- Provided alwaies that noe title to conferre or present by lapse shall 
 
 12 Cap?' ^°<=pe "POii ^ny deprivation (ipso facto) but after size monthes after 
 notice of such deprivation given by the ordinarie to the Patron. 
 
 The opinion of counsel is not preserved, but Mr. Fletclier is stated 
 in the Register to have left 12th August 1634, and the College proceeded 
 
 * John Maxwell, Bishop of Koss, who was thea in London on business connected with the Scottish 
 Liturav. 
 
1636.] THE REV. SIMON MACE. 11 1 
 
 to a new election on the 30tli January 1634/5, when Mr. Simon Mace was 
 elected. 
 
 This appointment was a most unfortunate one, for as extracts from the 
 Tanner MSS. in the Bodleian Library show, he gave an infinity of trouble 
 until his final expulsion in 1639, 
 
 An affidavit was sworn by Henry Harris and Edmund Kilby to the 
 effect that "upon the 17*^ October 1636, M' Symon Mace, preacher and 
 " senior fellow did quarrell with M'' Matthias AUeyn Master of the College 
 " aff"ronting him in his place and abused him with many uncivill words 
 " calling him hj'^pocrite and Cussener ; the master returned answer that he 
 " was neither hypocrite nor cussener, but would show an honest face before 
 " any judge in the land, to which M' Mace replied and gave the master the 
 " lye," &c. &c. 
 
 It would seem that this dispute was brought before a magistrate, for 
 the same MSS. record that the next day, the 18th October 1636, the said 
 Mr. Mace "did abuse the right Worshipful Sir Thomas Grymes* with 
 " very uncivil names." 
 
 Further, the usher or third Fellow, William Sutton, " complayned to 
 " the master that Mace had been a great hindrance in teaching the boys of 
 " the school, telling them that learning of Lattin and singing would do 
 " them no good at all. And the said M'' Mace has taken some of the boys 
 " to the Alehouse with him that they have been overtaken in drink," &c. ; 
 and generally complaint is made to the Archbishop that " they can get noe 
 " peace in the CoUedge while M'' Mace is there." 
 
 Next it is recorded that " M'' Simon Mace, senior fellow and preacher 
 " of God's Gift College in Dulwich did in y° publique Hall at dinner 
 " speake these scandalous words of y* most reverend Father in God, 
 " y* L* Archbishopp of Yorke, his grace, ' that he was the most 
 " ' devilishest plotter of villainy in the world : hee would make a 
 " ' brave pope ! ' " 
 
 After which there is a memorandum signed by Thomas AUeyn, the 
 Warden, and one John Alleyn (who was probably the son of Matthias 
 AUeyn, the Master, and who himself subsequently became Warden and 
 Master), stating that Mr. Mace caUed John Alleyn " a base regrating 
 " rascall, gave him the lye and challenged him to fight." 
 
 Mr. Mace, on the 11th July 1636, obtained leave of non-residence from 
 the Archbishop in order to serve as chaplain on board the pinnace called 
 the Greyhound on condition of his finding a substitute, which he did in 
 the person of Mr. John Sheppard, curate of Charlton, Kent, whose licence 
 to preach is stated on a fly-leaf of the Eegister book, to be dated 24th 
 
 * Sir Thomas Grymes was J.P. and Deputy- Lieutenant of Surrey, and M.P. for Haselmere, 
 Surrey, 1620-21, and for the county in 1623-24. 
 
,12 HISTOR y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 December 1632, and who had previously preached in the chapel on the 
 26th April 1635. 
 
 "In this year 1635 the right of the churchwardens to attend the audits 
 as assistants seeras to have been called in question. The Tanner MSS. 
 contain a complaint by the churchwardens of St. Botolph's that the 
 Fellows " opposed the assistants when they went down to the audit on the 
 " 4"' Sept'. 1635 and denied their rights even to the statutable charge of 
 " 5'. a peece for horse hire and their dinner." Moreover, they state that 
 the Fellows "keep every one a severall horse at the coUedge charge," and 
 they add, " if the fellows should have their wills who only are for their 
 " particular ends it may in time be the overthrow of the coUedge, or at 
 " least the poor of these parishes for whom the coUedge was specially 
 " founded be utterly defrauded and wronged." 
 
 The opinions of counsel, John Lightfoot and Edward Littleton, were 
 taken in the matter. These documents no doubt form part of the pro- 
 ceedings in the visitation of Archbishop Laud, mentioned above. The 
 question was settled in favour of the churchwardens by the following 
 letter : — 
 
 Salutem in Xpo 
 Whereas there hath been a difference hetweene your coUedge on the one part and 
 the Churchwardens of three severall parishes viz S' Botolph ■without Bishopsgate 
 London S' Saviour in Southwark and S' Giles without Cripplegate London of the 
 other part concerning their being assistants att yo' severall anditts which difference 
 came to the knowledge of my Lord Archbishop of Canterbury by a petition delivered 
 vnto his grace by the churchwardens aforesaid : it pleased his Grace to refer the 
 consideration of the whole busines unto S' Henry Marten and niyselfe. You cannott 
 I suppose forgett wee heard the whole cause in the presence of both partyes, perusing 
 your statutes provided in that behalfe by yo' ffounder, and well weighing the 
 allegations and reasons propounded on both sides. I must now lett you know that 
 wee have certified my Lord's Grace that the right is on the Churchwarden's side, and 
 that they ought to come as assistants att yo' severall auditts there to performe that 
 duty which your ffounder hath laid upon them. These are therefore to lett you know 
 that it is the pleasure of my Lord Archbishop that you should admitt them for ever 
 hereafter as Assistants unto you att the severall tymes aforesaid. And because there 
 may be noe difference thereafter about the same matter, he requireth that this letter 
 conteyning his Graces decision in this business be registered in the Register book of 
 y" CoUedg. Thus not doubting of your ready performance hereof. I bid you very 
 hartily farewell and am 
 
 Yo' very loving freind 
 
 Doctors Commons 
 ffebruary 27. 1635/6 
 
 To my very loving freinds the Master Warden 
 & ffellowes of Gods guift CoUedg in Dulw'" these be dd. 
 
 I^A. Brent 
 
I637-] THE FIRST RECOMMENDAM. 113 
 
 In September 1636 the usual audit was omitted "iu regard of the 
 " visitacon of the plague and the dangerous time." It appears that the 
 College had now come to an arrangement with the Parish of St. Saviour's, 
 Southwark, similar to that made with the Parish of St. Botolph's, Bishops- 
 gate, for at the audit held on the 4th March 1636/7 it was stated that 
 there was owing by the College to the Parish of St. Saviour's, " for their 
 " Almshouses appointed by the founder, or to be disposed of for their poor," 
 £120. This debt was gradually paid off, the last payment being made in 
 September 1639. 
 
 On the 5th March 1637/8 a lease was granted to Sir John LenthaU, a 
 relative of the Speaker of the Long Parliament, with an agreement for 
 renewal at the same rent. This was in contravention of the statutes, which 
 expressly ordained that no lease should be granted for a longer period than 
 21 years, and that at the best rent without fine (Stat. 101). 
 
 The consideration for this departure from the usual and legal course is 
 expressed to be that Sir John Lenthall was "pleased to give a siluer bowle 
 " to the said CoUedge." 
 
 The following is the order made by the Court : — 
 
 5 March 1637 
 
 At this court a lease is graunted to S' John Lenthall of S* George his pish in 
 Southwark K' of the messuage lands &c formerly graunted by Indenture from this 
 Colledge to Lawrence Brinley citizen and habb: of London bearing date the 4"" Sept 
 1633, W""" lease formerly graunted was for 21 yeares comencing from Michas next 
 after the sd date and w"" was assigned to the said S' John Lenthall and this now 
 intended lease is to be renewed in S' Jolm Lenthall's name for 21 yeares from Michas 
 now last. And a covenant for 17 yeares more pcell of 21 yeares menconed in the old 
 lease after the expiracon of the first 21 yeares graunted by the sd lease to the s"* 
 Lawrence Brinley. And this new lease to S' John Lenthall to be under the same 
 rent covenants and condicons in ewy respect as the former was to the said M' Brinley 
 except only the 20° for alienacon and 4 years abated out of the 21 yeares to be 
 menconed in the covenant. 
 
 In consideracon that the said S' John is pleased to give a siluer bowle to the said 
 Colledge And that at the sealing of this new intended lease, he the said S' John 
 surrender the old lease graunted as aforesaid to the said M"" Brinley. 
 
 The aflfairs of the CoUege were about this time and subsequently 
 seriously embarrassed by the failure of the tenants of the Fortune Play- 
 house to pay their rents. 
 
 The original " Fortune " had been purchased by Edward AUeyn in or 
 about the year 1610, and was by him assigned and granted to the CoUege 
 by his deed of grant of lands, dated 24th April 1620, with the reserva- 
 tion of its use to him during his life, and with power reserved to him to 
 grant leases for any term. 
 
 VOL. I. P 
 
1 14 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 This building was burnt down on the 9tb. December 1621, as recorded 
 in AUeyn's diary, but it was at once rebuilt, mainly by funds contributed 
 by various persons, to whom, "in consideration of the amounts paid,. 
 Alleyn granted leases in some cases of twelfth parts, and in others of 
 twenty-fourth parts, all the leases being for about 50 years, at a rent of 
 £10. 13s. lOd. per annum for a twelfth, and £5. 6s. lid. for a twenty- 
 fourth part. 
 
 These leases were, in accordance with the reservation in the deed of 
 grant, signed by Edward Alleyn ; but either through inadvertence or 
 through ignorance of the effect of his grant, Alleyn made the rents payable 
 to himself and his heirs, instead of to himself and to Dulwich College after 
 his death as he should have done. This seems to have caused some 
 difficulty as early as 1632, for the Dulwich CoUege papers contain an 
 " acquittance from WiUiam Gore to Matthias Alleyn Master of Dulwich 
 " College for 11^ for his pains in perusing a license in mortmain," whereby 
 it appeared that Edward Alleyn " was in his liefe tyme seized of a 
 "messuage called the Fortune," and that he "disposed of the same to 
 " charitable vses." 8th November 1632 (MSS. i. 113). The tenants, 
 however, paid their rents until Christmas 1635, when " the kinge did 
 " forbid Theaters in and about London for to hinder concurse of people " 
 (MSS. i. 115). The leases forbidding the use of the building for any 
 purpose other than the acting of stage plays, the lessees could make no 
 profits, and so ceased to pay rent, the following certificate being given at 
 the audit on the 4th September 1637 : — 
 
 At a court of Assistantes held at Goddes guifte Colledge in Dulwich, the dale and 
 yeare aforesaid, it appeared that the Tenauntes of the Fortune betweene Whitecrosse 
 street and Golding Lane in the parish of S' Giles, Creplegate, London, are in arrere 
 and behind in rent at this present the summe of 132". 12^ 11*. And there wilbe a 
 quarters rent more at Michas next which is doubted wilbe also unpaid, amounting to 
 32". 1=. 4*. -which will make in toto due at Michas 1637 164". 14'. 3fd. And in 
 respect the rentes come not in as aforesaid, the said Colledge is compelled to take 
 moneys up at interest to supplie their wantes, and relief of the poore of the said 
 Colledge. 
 
 -'D"- 
 
 The College brought many suits against the tenants, who at first con- 
 tended that according to their leases the rents were payable to the heirs of 
 Edward Alleyn and not to the College. This plea was speedily overruled 
 by the Court of Chancery, and in some cases the rents were paid for a short 
 time, but the rigid and utter suppression of plays by the Long Parliament 
 m 1643 ruined most of the tenants; and though every means of exactino- 
 payment was tried, the College never did receive any further rent • so' 
 after allowmg arrears to accumulate to £974. 5s. 8d. in 1649 possession 
 
^ulwictj College 
 from, the Garden loohrii, Forth 
 
1638.] TEMPORARY DISSOLUTION OF THE COLLEGE. 115 
 
 was taken of the premises, of wMch, however, no use was made until 1661, 
 when, the buildings being in a ruinous condition, an order was passed 
 for the sale of the materials for £75, and the site was let on a buUding 
 lease. It would appear, however, that the front was still standing in 
 1811.* 
 
 On the 29th July 1638 the steeple of the CoUege fell down, and the 
 buildings generally being much out of repair, the financial position of the 
 Corporation became very serious. On the 4th September following, the 
 College owed the Warden £13. 18s. 5d., and its regular income was 
 diminished by £128. 5s. 7d., the rent of the playhouse. There was, more- 
 over, due to St. Saviour's Parish on the almshouse account £80, and to 
 Mr. Crowther £100, and the College had recently borrowed £50 of Charles 
 Alleyn, and £40 of William Sewer, out of which sums £57. 14s. 5d. had 
 already been spent towards the repair of the buildings. 
 
 In these circumstances the Archbishop resolved upon strong measures, 
 and on the 4th September 1638 the Society was dissolved for six months, 
 beginning on the 10th October 1638, by the following instrument : — 
 
 4° Septembeis Anno Dmi 1638 
 
 Upon which daie Thomas Eives, Doctor of Lawes and his Mat' Advocate came 
 unto the Colledge of Dullw""" commonly called Godds-guift CoUedge, to assemble all 
 the members there of men women and children in the Chappell there ; w"" done, the 
 said M' D' Eives there declared that in regard soe great a calamitie was befallen the 
 said colledge by the fall of the steeple there and that upon due exalacon there 
 appeared noe possibilitie of repairing the said ruine and decay But by dissoluing of 
 the Company of all sorts for a time, to the end that the revenewes of the said Colledge 
 during that time may be converted to the repairing thereof. 
 
 Therefore the said M' D' Eives in the name and by the authoritye of the most reverend 
 ffather in God William by Divine providence Lo Archbishoppe of Cant his grace 
 visitor of the said Colledge declared that the said CoUedge should for the present be 
 dissolved for the space of sixe moneths during w"" time noe pencons or other allowances 
 from the said Colledge are to be paid to any member thereof, saving only the sume of 
 Twoe shillings ster a piece, w""" his Graces pleasure is shalbe weekely paid to the poore 
 men women and children during the said sixe monethes time. And it shalbee free for 
 the ffellowes of all sorts to keepe their lodgings therein during the said time, if they shall 
 thinck fitt to continue there, w"'out being further chargeable unto the said colledge. And 
 the churchwardens of the severall parishes viz* of S' Saviours in South wark, S' Buttolphes 
 w"'out Bishoppsgate London, & S' Giles without Crepplegate London, were in the name 
 of his Grace earnestly praied to take care for the poore w"" came from their severall 
 pishes. That they male bee carefully provided for, with fitting meate drinck and lodging 
 m the meane time, and thereupon the said M' Doctor Eives in the name and by the 
 authoritie of the sd most reverend the Lo Arch B^ of Cant his Grace visitor of the 
 said Colledge, did dissolve the said Colledge and societie aforesaid, for the Terme of 
 
 • Wilkimon's Londina niustrata, voL ii. p. 141, where a view of it, as then existing, is given. 
 
1 1 6 HISTOR Y OF DVL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 sixe moneths to beginne from the Tenth daie of Octoher nexte ensueing w"* tenne 
 ended, It is ordered that every member of the said Colledge shall come and reenter 
 into his place againe and repossesse all benefitts and profitts as formerly they did. 
 And the Master and Warden of the said Colledge are hereby required in the meane 
 time to use their best diligence to see the said worke repaired, and shall looke to the 
 affaires of the said Colledge, and be allowed convenient fiering and one servant for 
 necessarie occasions at the chardge of the colledge. 
 
 "Which said order being soe read and published in the chappell of the said colledge, 
 all the members thereof Master, Warden and the rest, did yeild and give their ioynt 
 & full consent thereunto. In witnes whereof I George Brome clarke of the said 
 colledge, being required by M' Doctor Eives w"" consent of the master warden and 
 the rest of the societie & assistants there present, did make this Instrument & am to 
 enter it into the Eegister booke of the said colledge. 
 
 Tho: Eiues 
 At Croydon. This order was scene Geo: Beome S'. clarke of the 
 
 pused and allowed by his Grace said colledge 
 
 the 7"" daie of this instant Septemb. 1638 
 Matthias Alleyn 
 
 The College being thus dissolved, no audit was held in March 1638/9, 
 but on the 30th May 1639 the Warden presented his accounts ; he had 
 disbursed £79. 13s. lid. in pajTnents to the old people and children, in 
 accordance with the Archbishop's order, from the 26th of October to the 
 23rd of February, and he gave an account of the charges about the build- 
 ing and repairing of the steeple of the chapel and other parts of the College 
 which had fallen down, amounting to £247. lis. 2d., and showed himself 
 creditor of the College in £131, Is. 8^d. There was also due to St. 
 Saviour's £80, to Mr. Crowther £100, to Charles Allen £50, and there were 
 arrears (apparently not including the Fortune rents) of £107. 8s. 8^d. 
 
 At this audit Mr. Simon Mace, who had had leave of absence in 1636, 
 but who had returned in September 1637, as he signed the certificate as to 
 the rents due by the Fortune tenants on the 4th of that month, was finally 
 expelled by the following order : — 
 
 A Court of Assistants held at Godd's Guift Colledge the 30"" daie of Maie 1639, 
 by licence graunted from the Lords Grace of Cant visitor of the said colledge the 27"" 
 of Aprill last past. 
 
 Forasmuch as M' Matliias Alleyn, M' of Godd's guift Colledge aforesaid lately 
 exhibited his pefcicon to the Lord's Grace of Cant against M' Simon Mace ffellow of 
 the said Colledge to be relieved and righted for severall wrongs done against him the 
 said M' and the statutes of the Colledge by the said M' Mace. His Grace was pleased 
 to giue the said Master leave for slanderous wordes and other abuses to take his 
 remedie by course of law ag' him in his place as master of the said coUedc^e 
 <^ other offences comitted by the said M' Mace, in breaking the statutes of the 
 colledge and abusing the government thereof contrary to his oath. Wee the 
 assistants have bene sworue to preserue and maiutaiue the peace and welfare 
 
1 639-] EXPULSION OF THE RE V. SIMON MA CE. 117 
 
 of tHe said coUedge, as Trustees appointed by the ordinances and statutes of the 
 ffounder. 
 
 And according to his Graces reference to us directed the 4'" and 27"" of Aprill last, 
 wee have viewed and exaled the accompts and other businesses of the said CoUedge, 
 and doe signifie under o' hands as followeth touching M' Mace in pticuler. 
 
 That the said M' Simon Mace hath bene a disorderly and turbiUent pson since hee 
 came into his said place, who hath often and wilfully transgressed the statutes of the 
 colledge and bene an Agent of much evill and given bad example of living unpeace- 
 ably w"" the master warden and ffellows contrary to his oath w""" hee tooke at his 
 admittance into the said colledge, w"'' was to this & the like effect viz' To keepe and 
 maintaine the statutes of the Colledge & to bee obedient to the master and warden in 
 all things lawfull for the good and wellfare of the said Colledge, nor doe any thing or 
 things act or acts to the derogation disturbance hinderance or damage of the said 
 colledge. 
 
 Notwithstanding his oath hee hath sundry times abused the master & warden and 
 fellowes w"' very uncivile Tearmes, storming and contemning civile govern ement 
 appointed by statute, and in steed of keeping the statute and yeilding obedience 
 according to his oath, hee hath quarrelled w"" the said master and affronted liim in 
 his place and resisted his authoritie graunted by statute, and hath told the M' to his 
 face that hee would have as much power & authoritie in the said Colledge, as the said 
 M' should haue; and called the said Master hypocrite and Cousoner ; and further said 
 that the master and warden did agree together to cousen the colledge w"* many other 
 reproachfull and clamourous wordes w""" hath appeared to us at this court by affidavit 
 upon record in Chancery made by Henry Harris and Edmond Kilby sworne 1° 
 Decembris 1637 before S' Edward Salter K* one of the masters of Chancery. 
 
 And at other times the said M' Mace hath in the presence of the Servants of the 
 Colledge railed upon the said Master calling him hipocriticall slaue, villifying his pson 
 and wishing that the said M' & Warden were both of them hanged upon the toppe of 
 the steeple, which was verified to us at this Court by Abraham Man & others. 
 
 ffurther it appeares to us at this Court that the said M' Mace hath bene a great 
 Master of the meat drinck & provision of the said colledge, and hatli presumed to 
 kepe his horse at the Colledge charge both in stable and at grasse w'^out any 
 warrant of statute And the said M' Mace being put into the Colledge by the Lords 
 Grace of Cant (as visitor of the said Colledge) came to the M' & Warden in his 
 Grace's name and told them that his Grace had allowed him an augmentacon of his 
 pencon, and also all such arrerage as should have accrewed p. rata to M' Fletcher M' 
 Maces next predecessor, w"' moneys unduly had & receaved by M' Mace doe amount 
 to 15" 10' w"" appeares to us by his Graces reference was never allowed by his Grace 
 as also by report of the M' from his Grace himself. And it appeares to us likewise 
 by his Grace's reference that the said moneys and all other wrongs done to the 
 CoUedge by any pson that haue abused themselves or the CoUedge full restitucon 
 should be made according to justice and the statutes of the Colledge. 
 
 The said M' Mace being found to have done & contrived all the matters aforesaid 
 contrary to his oath & the statutes of the Colledge wUfuUy breaking & transgressing 
 the same dispising & contemning civile governement in his place and also abusing the 
 Lords Grace of Cant as above is declared by takeing from the Colledge the said sume 
 of 15" 10' unduly as aforesaid This Court doth order that the said M' Mace shaU 
 repaie the said sume of 15" 10' vnto the warden of the said CoUedge for the use of the 
 said coU: w"'in fortie dales now next ensewing. And we conceave that the said M' 
 
1 1 8 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 Mace is not worthie of his ffellowshippe in the said CoUedge. And therefore w"' full 
 consent have expelled the said M' Simon Mace out of the said College for ever & made 
 him for ever vncapable to haue or enioy any place or office there, or receave any 
 benefitt or profitt from thence according to the statutes & ordinances made in that 
 behalf And wee consent that the college shall make choice of two sufficient men to 
 draw lotts for the said place according to statute. 
 
 EicH: Weight Mathias Alleyn M' 
 
 W" Madon Tho. Alleyn warden 
 
 NicHo. King Cadwaladee Egberts 
 
 Tho Cheston William Holmes 
 
 W" Haut 
 Hen. Collett 
 Edw. Cadwell 
 
 ElCH. WiGGINGTON 
 
 John Humfeey 
 Witnes. Geo. Beome Clarke of the said Colledge. 
 
 At this audit, also, Mr. Nicholas Hunt, who had purchased a lease of 
 Dulwich Court Farm, of which about ten years were unexpired, applied for 
 a renewal, and offered to give " as a free guift " £40 towards the repairs of 
 the College. The Archbishop was consulted, and with his approval the 
 money was received on the 4th September 1639, and at once handed to 
 the churchwardens of St. Saviour's, thus extinguishing the debt to that 
 parish. 
 
 It soon appears, however, that Mr. Hunt expected that a covenant 
 should be inserted in his lease, for a renewal for twenty-one years at the 
 expiration of ten years, or, in fact, that he should receive a lease for thirty- 
 one years. Thereupon the College petitioned the Archbishop as follows : — 
 
 To the most reverend ffather in God William Lord Archbishoppe of Cant his Grace, 
 Primat of all England & Metropolitan visitor of Gods Guift Colledge in 
 Dulwich 
 
 The humble peticon of the master warden ffellowes &c of the said Colledge 
 Shewing : 
 
 Thatone M' l^Ticholas Hunt lately bought a lease of one James Nelham of a fanne 
 in Dulwich, there being about 9 or 10 yeares to come in the said lease for w""" ffarme 
 there is paid to y' College 58". 1'. rent p. ann: 
 
 The said M' Hunt was desirous to have his lease renewed for 21 yeares, and was 
 willing to give the Colledge 40" as a free guift towardes the repairing and buildin<' 
 such harmes w"" the College had susteyned by the late faU of the steeple ° 
 
 The flounder by statute hath appointed that noe lease shall be graunted for any 
 longer terme then 21 yeares w'" a valuable rent w"'out any fine to be taken 
 
 Your Pet" were doubtfull whether they might safely receave the said 40", fearin<r 
 that it might be conceaved to be taken in the nature of a fine ° 
 
 Whereupon yo'' Pets acquainted yo' Grace w'" the businesse and did humbly craue 
 yo' Graces direccons therein : and yo' Grace was pleased to graunt yo' appbacon to 
 
1640.] THE SECOND RECOMMENDAM. 119 
 
 take the 40" for the benefitt of the whole Colledge towardes the recovering of their 
 great losses w"* money they have accordingly receaved & imployed for the use of the 
 Colledge. 
 
 The bowsing of the said farme being ruinous by the decay of the Tenant, the said 
 M' Hunt is wilUng to bestowe a good sume of money in new building the premisses, if 
 he might have a longer terme viz', that the colledge would give their covenant, that 
 at thend of Tenne yeares to renewe his lease for 21 yeares more if such building 
 shalbe bestowed upon the premisses, and also paying the yearely rent of 60" p ann. to 
 the Colledge, w"*" is some increase of rent. 
 
 Yo' Pet^ had yo' Graces appbacon for taking the 40" as a free benevolence for the 
 good of the wholl Colledge: they doe now likewise humbly craue yo"^ Graces 
 favourable direccon for the renewing the said lease at thend of tenn yeares for 21 
 yeares, if such building and bettering of the premisses shalbe pformed as abovesaid. 
 All w"" yo"" Pet" doe humbly leaue to yo' Graces grave wisdome & judgm*. w"" their 
 humble submission. And they shall pray for your Graces happines. 
 
 The audit book further records — 
 
 Upon sight of this petition, his Grace was pleased to have the opinion of his 
 CounceU. who signified to his Grace in these words, viz' : — 
 
 Maie it please yo' Grace. According to yo' Graces reference I have considered of 
 the legalitie of the lease desired by M' Hunt and I conceave it is not against the 
 statutes of the CoUedge to make such a lease nor preiudiciall to make such a 
 covenant to renew the lease if M' Hunt wilbe satisfied the^ew'^ but whether the 
 Colledge shalbe bound by that Covenant is not soe cleere. All w""" I humbly submit 
 to yo' Grace. He. Beidgeman. 
 
 His Grace was pleased upon this opinion of CounseU to answere the said Peticon 
 as foUoweth, viz 
 
 May 20. 1640. If all pties be content, and the busines here pposed maie legally 
 and statutably bee done, I haue nothing to say against it W. Cant. 
 
 This was sufficient for the College, and apparently sufficient also for 
 Mr. Hunt, for on the 15tli April 1640 the Master and Warden addressed 
 the foUowing letter to their solicitor, Mr. George Brome (MSS, vi. 8) : — 
 
 M' Brome, wee give our consente that you shall put into M' Nicholas Hunt's lease 
 a covenant to this purpose, viz' that if the said Nicholas Hunt his executors or 
 assignes shall within fewer yeares after the beginning of the said lease bestowe a 
 hundred marks at the least in new building the dwelling house and the Bame, and 
 shall make the same appear to the Master, Warden, and ffellowes that at the end of 
 Tenn yeares, the Master, Warden and ffellowes, Brothers, Sisters and Schollers doth 
 covenant for them and their successors of the said college to renew his lease for one 
 and twenty yeares at the yeareley rent of sixty pounds fower couple of capons and 
 the dayes work and such other covenants and reservations as in the said lease is 
 expressed. 
 
 Godds Guift Colledge Matthias Alleyn 
 
 the 15 of April 1640. Thomas Alletn. 
 
120 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE, [a.d. 
 
 The College affairs seem to have mended during the last few years, for 
 at the audit on the 4th March 1640/1, the Warden was creditor for £22. 
 17s. 9^d. only, and the sole liability was £40 to Mr. Crowther ; and by the" 
 next audit a sale of wood from King's coppice enabled them to pay this 
 debt, and to place a balance in the Warden's hands of £45. Is. Sgd. 
 
 On the 9th April 1642, Matthias Alleyn, the Master, died, and 
 Thomas Alleyn, the Warden, who must have been an eminently capable 
 man, and who had undoubtedly brought the College safely through great 
 difficulties, succeeded to the Mastership. 
 
1642.] [ 121 ] 
 
 CHAPTER V. 
 
 THE HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE, 1642-1669. 
 
 The Wardenship being vacant by the accession of Thomas AUeyn to the 
 Master's office, an election was held on the 16th May 1642, when Eaph* 
 Alley n of St. Clement's Dane, a surgeon, and Elias AUeyn, a mathematical 
 instrument maker, of the same parish, drew lots, and the former was 
 successful. 
 
 The evidences existing as to the proceedings at this election are some- 
 what confused. The Dulwich MSS. (vol. vi.. No. 11) contain a paper in 
 Eaph Alleyn's handwriting, giving the names, Elias Alleyn, Eaph Alleyn, 
 Henry Alleyn, and Peter Alleyn, and adding, " These were my competitors 
 " Munday 16 May 1642, when I drew lot with Elias Alleyn." 
 
 The record of the election in the audit book is as follows : — 
 
 Memorand : That M' Mathias Alleyn, master of tliis Colledge departed this life 
 the 9"" day of Aprill 1642, and M' Thomas Alleyn the warden was sworne master in 
 his roome according to the statutes, and one Elias Alleyn of the pish of S' Clements 
 w^ut Temple barre a mathematicall instrument maker, and Eaph Alleyn of the same 
 parish a surgeon drew lotts for tlie wardens place, and the lott fell upon Eaph AUeyu 
 whoe was according admitted the 16"" May 1642, there being also a third pson that 
 stood to be elected one Edward Alleyn that had formerly been a servant to the ffounder. 
 
 It is clear that this entry is incomplete as a record of the proceedings, 
 for it ignores Henry and Peter as candidates, and makes no mention of the 
 fact that the election had been adjourned. The Master had died on Satur- 
 day the 9th April, and the election should have been held on the Monday 
 fortnight following, which was the 25th April, whereas Eaph Alleyn was 
 elected on the 16th May. 
 
 Some explanation is afforded by a petition presented by Elias Alleyn to 
 the House of Lords, dated 13th May 1642 {Lords Journals, v. 63), in 
 which he states that at the election (held probably on the 25th April) 
 Edward Alleyn claimed to be elected without lot, alleging that he was of 
 kin to the Founder, the election being adjourned that he might produce 
 proofs of his relationship. This adjournment, Elias Alleyn maintains, was 
 
 * Eapli. So si^elt by liimself and in all documents. 
 VOL. I. Q 
 
122 
 
 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d 
 
 illegal, and the subsequent proceedings vitiated by it. He therefore prays 
 the House of Lords to declare that the nomination had lapsed to the Visitor, 
 the Archbishop of Canterbury, and as he was under suspension at the time, 
 to the House of Lords as his representative, and further prays the House 
 to appoint him, he being aged, in preference to his competitor, who is 
 young and a soldier. 
 
 The claim of this Edward AUeyn* to be of Founders km was not 
 admitted, but he seems to have prosecuted it further, for among the 
 additional MSS. at Dulwich College is a " Copy of writ directed to the 
 " Master &c of Dulwich College to swear Edward Alleyn into the place 
 " of warden of the same college." In this the members of the College 
 are called upon to show cause why they refused to elect Edward Alleyn as 
 of Founder's kin ; it also contains their answer, which is to the effect that 
 the kinship was not proved. There is also at Dulwich (MSS. vi. 127) an 
 affidavit, dated 6th June 1642, of Edward Allen, son of Thomas Allen, 
 cousin-german of the Founder, denying the validity of the claim of this 
 candidate to be of kin to the Founder, as great-grandson of John, his 
 brother; John Allen, son of the last-named, having died without issue 
 and unmarried. 
 
 However this may be, Eaph Alleyn (who probably made the memoran- 
 dum containing the names of his competitors, in consequence of the omissions 
 in the audit book) continued to be Warden, and no further mention is made 
 of Edward Alleyn ; but as will be seen hereafter, Elias Alleyn played a not 
 inconsiderable part in the subsequent history of the College. 
 
 One of the first acts of the new Master was to efi"ect a compromise of 
 the suits which had long been depending between the College and Sir 
 Edmond Bowyer, the impropriator of the tithes of Camberwell Parish, 
 respecting the tithes of the College woods and of the woodlands, which had 
 been grubbed up and converted into tillage. 
 
 The uncle of this Sir Edmond Bowyer, who was also Sir Edmond, and 
 who sat in the first Parliament of King James I. for the county of Surrey 
 
 " In Alleyn's diary, 27tli January, is, "M'd tHs day I took a poor fatherless child Ed: Alleyn." 
 This may possibly be the Edward Alleyn in question. 
 
 In the church of Macroom, Co. Cork, there is a tombstone bearing the arms of Browns quartered 
 with those of Alleyn, with the following inscription : — " Here lyeth the body of the Reverend M' 
 " Richard Browne B.D. who was Rector and Vicar of this Parish 45 yeares during which time he was 
 " allwayes Resident : on the 27" day January in the year of our Lord 1712, he chearfully resigned His 
 " Spirit to God who gave it in sure hope of a Resurrection to Eternal Life Being 69 yeares of Age. He 
 " was marryed to Mary daughter of Collonelle Edward Alleyne 43 yeares by whom he had 11 sons and 
 " 9 daughters." 
 
 The Colonel Edward Alleyne mentioned therein is believed to have been commander of the Fort 
 of Kinsale. The tradition in the family of Browne (now represented by S' George Garde Browne, 
 Esquire, of Ooolcower House, Macroom) is that through Colonel Alleyne they are of kin to Edward 
 Alleyn, the Founder of Dulwich College ; but the strong probability is that Colonel Edward Alleyne, 
 commander at Kinsale, and the Edward Alleyn described in 1642 as "young and a soldier," are'one 
 and the same person. 
 
1642.] COMPROMISE OF SUITS WITH SIR EDMOND BOWYER. 123 
 
 (1603/4-1610/1), and in his third Parliament (1623-4) for the borough of 
 Gratton, was possessed of the rectory and tithes of Camberwell ; he was a 
 friend of Edward AUeyn's, and is frequently mentioned in his diary. It 
 appears that he had not claimed tithes for the woodlands purchased by 
 Alleyn, until a piece of land called " the Cokers/' heretofore " coppice 
 " woods," was " converted into earable and tillage," whereupon he demanded 
 tithes of its produce. The claim was not admitted by Alleyn, but it was 
 agreed between them that the matter should be referred to " Mingay and 
 " Weston," their counsel, and the then Attorney-General ; Sir Edmond 
 Bowyer receiving the tithes until the award was made, but being account- 
 able for them to Alleyn. This agreement was dated 29th August 1626 
 (Muniments, 592, 593). Before any award was made, both Alleyn and Sir 
 Edmond died, the former on the 25th November 1626, and the latter in 
 1627 ; the tithes becoming the property of the nephew and heir of Sir 
 Edmond Bowyer, who was then a minor, and was made a ward of the 
 king. 
 
 The committee of the ward. Sir Sackville Crowe, Bart., finding that the 
 elder Sir Edmond had received the tithes of the lands in question, instituted 
 a suit in the Court of Wards in 1627, and obtained an order that they 
 should be paid pending a settlement by action at law, and various suits in 
 Chancery and at Common Law resulted. Sir Edmond came of age in 
 October 1639, but gave the College further trouble by declining to take up 
 his livery, and so continuing under the protection of the Court of Wards. 
 After invoking and obtaining the assistance of Archbishop Laud in the 
 matter, and after a reference to Sir John Lambe, Thomas Eives D.C.L., 
 John Stone Serjeant-at-Law, and Anthony Lowe, who recommended a 
 compromise, which was utterly refused by Matthias Alleyn, the case was 
 ripe for trial, and would have been heard on the 12th May 1642 had not 
 Matthias Alleyn died on the 9th April. He appears to have been the only 
 obstacle to a compromise, for the College at once and during the vacancy of 
 the Wardenship, entered into the following agreement on the 9 th May 
 1642, whereby, as will be seen. Sir Edmond Bowyer ceded all his rights in 
 consideration of a payment from the College of £5 per annum. 
 
 The articles of agreement are as follows (MSS. vi. 10) : — 
 
 Articles of agreement Indented made the ninth day of May Anno Dom. 1642. 
 Between S' Edmond Bowyer of Cammerwell in the countye of SuiTey Knight on the 
 one pte and the master, warden, ffellowes, Brethren sisters and scholars of God's Guift 
 CoUedge in DuUw"" in the said countye on the other parte. 
 
 Whereas there hath heretofore been a suit in the high court of chancery by the 
 said Master Warden ffellowes Brethren Sisters and Scholars plaintiffs against the said 
 S' Edmond Bowyer touching Tithes of certain lands pcell of the possessions of the 
 sometimes Abbey of Bermondsey (the same lands lyeing in Dullw"" aforesaid) namely 
 the woods conteyning about 250 acres more or lesse and the Comon there conteyning' 
 
1 24 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICII COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 by estimacoa 300 acres or thereabouts, lands conteyning about 20 acres belonging to 
 or occupied with Hall Place see usually called or known by that name and now in the 
 possession of Arthur Kawkwell, lands called or knowne by the name of Blackgill 
 conteyning about ten acres now in the possession of Charles Cox Esqui" his Assigne 
 or Assignes, lands called or knowne by the name of Goudies conteyning about 24 
 acres, lands called or knowne by the name of ffeerings conteyning about 24 acres, 
 lands called or knowne by the name of Porkamans conteyning about 16 acres, lands 
 called or knowne by the name of Cottons in the severall possessions of severall persons 
 and conteyning about 44 acres, lands called or knowne by the name of Hamons coppice 
 in y° possession or occupation of Hugh Coxe conteyning about eight acres, lands in 
 the possession of Thomas Collins conteyning about 14 acres heretofore grubbed and 
 pcell of the lands called Blanchdownes. And whereas upon hearing the said cause in 
 Chancery the 26'" of January 14° Caroli a tryall at Law was ordered to be had for 
 determining the right of the Tithes with other things in the said order menconed 
 Now the said S' Edmond and the said Master, Warden, ffellowes, brethren, sisters and 
 scholars have agreed as followes. fBrst that tlie said Corporacon and their successors 
 shall allwayes hereafter enjoy all tithes as well woods as come any ways arising, 
 growing or comeing or hereafter to arise grow or come in or out of the said specified 
 land, without bye, lett, disturbance or molestacon of the said S' Edmond his heires or 
 Assignes. And that the said CoUedge shall alwayes yearly and every yeare thereafter 
 pay for the same Tithes unto the said S' Edmond his heires and Assignes att his! now 
 dwelling house scituat in Camerwell aforesaid the sume of fiive pounds halfe yearly 
 upon the feast dayes of S' Michaell the Archangel and the Annuncacou of our blessed 
 Lady S' Mary y° Virgin by equall porcons or w'hin 14 dayes next after either of the 
 said ffeasts. And it is hereby agreed and provided, that in case the said S' Edmond's 
 heires or Assignes or any under him or them shall claime or any wayes by law 
 question the said CoUedge or any under them for the said Tithes, that then the said 
 rent of ffive pounds to cease, and that these presents and orders lying herein con- 
 teyned shall not any ways be made use of to infeeble, impeare, or weaken the right or 
 title of y" said CoUedge to the said Tithes. And it is also agreed, that in case failer 
 or default shall happen to be of paym' of the said fBve pounds p. ann: at the place, 
 time, and in such manner as aforesaid, then the said S' Edmond his heires and 
 Assignes shall apd may have free liberty by triall at Law or otherwise to proferate his 
 right or Title to the said Tithes, these presents or any thing herein conteyned to the 
 contrary notwithstanding, and this agreement not to be made use of to impeach or 
 weaken the right or title of the said S' Edmond in and to the said Tithes. And the 
 said S' Edmond under the provision aforesaid shall be discharged of the Ninety three 
 pounds in the said order of hearing menconed and the said CoUedge under the said 
 provision shall be in like manner discharged of and from the arrears of the said Tithes 
 in the said order menconed. And all suites allready comenced betweene the said 
 pties touching the premisses shall henceforth cease. In witnesse whereof to one pte 
 of these presents the said S' Edmond Bowyer hath put his hand and scale and to the 
 other pte thereof the said Master Warden fPellowes, Brethren, Sisters and Scholars 
 have put their corporacon scale of the said CoUedge the day and yeare first above 
 written Annoq'. Dom. 1642. Edmond Bowyee. 
 
 It will be remembered that on the election of a Warden in 1631, Thomas 
 AUeyn, the new Master, was elected without lot as being of the Founder's 
 
1644-] RESIGNATION OF THE MASTER. 125 
 
 kin, and that it was then mentioned " that there was none equal in blood 
 " and condition with him, but only M"" John Alleyn, son of Mathias Alleyn 
 " (the then Master) who was under age." This John Alle)^ would have 
 had an indisputable claim to election as Warden at the late vacancy, had he 
 not been married, which he undoubtedly was, as the College Eegister records 
 the burial of his son Matthias on the 2nd July 1642, and also that of his 
 wife Lucia in 1669. He, however, seems to have made an arrangement 
 with his kinsman Thomas, the Master, by which the latter was to resign in 
 his favour. 
 
 The king's authority was procured, being in the following terms : — 
 
 Chakles Eex. 
 
 Trusty and welbeloued wee greete you well : Whereas we understand that Edward 
 Alleyn esqui' by letters patents bearing date the 21"" day of June in the 17'" yeare of 
 the Eeigne of our father King James of happy memory founded one CoUedge in 
 Dullw"" in our county of Surrey consisting partly of a lay foundation, and in those 
 Letters Patents reserved a power to hirnselfe to make statutes for the said CoUedge 
 that should not be contradictory to the said Letters Patents, one of which statutes is 
 that the master and warden of the said CoUedge shaU be of his blood and surname for 
 ever (if there be any to be found) but they to be single persons and unmarryed which 
 notwithstanding, he invested by those Letters patents and deed of foundation the first 
 master and warden both married men, and soe it continued for many yeares past. 
 And whereas wee are informed that Thomas Alleyn the now master of the said 
 CoUedge is wiUinge and desirous to resigne his place to our trusty and well beloved 
 John AUeyn sonne of Mathias AUeyn our late master of the said CoUedge. Wee 
 being well assured of his loyalty and good affection to us, upon his humble suite have 
 thought fitt to give way to the said Thomas Alleyn to resigne his said place. And wee 
 doe hereby dispense with any locall statute of our sayd CoUedge that may be any 
 Impediment to y° said John Alleyn to accept of the said Eesignation, and accordingly 
 require you to admitt the said John AUeyn into the mastership of our sayd CoUedge 
 imediately after the Eesignation above mentioned. In case he be not incapable as 
 beinw a layman, and noe man more capable of that name and kindred marriage 
 excepted. Herein wee expect your ready complyance. And for soe doing this shaU 
 be your Avarrant. Given att ou' court att Oxford 26'" ffebruary 1643. 
 
 By his Maiesties Command 
 
 Geokge Digbtk 
 
 To our Trusty &c 
 Warden & ffeUows of God's guift 
 CoUedge in Dulwich in Surrey. 
 
 In pursuance of this permission, Thomas Alleyn signed the following 
 resignation on the 11th March 1643/4 : — 
 
 Know aU men by these presents that I Thomas Alleyn now master of God's guift 
 CoUedge in Dullwich in y° county of Surrey of y" ffoundacon of Edward Alleyn 
 Esquire lately deceased for certaine just causes & consideracons me thereunto 
 
126 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 especially moveing, being noe way compelled thereunto, nor by any sinister cause, or 
 means circumvented or misled, but being desirous to be discharged from the great 
 burthen, care and government of the said colledge, doe fully, absolutely and freely 
 resigne & give over my place and office as master of the said CoUedge, and all my 
 right, title, and interest therein, with all the priviledges, profitts, & preheminences 
 unto me as master of the said Colledge heretofore belonging, or any wise appertaining 
 unto John Alleyn of DuUwich in the county aforesaid gent: the next of kin and of 
 the surname of the said ffounder deceased, and for my part doe leave the same place 
 voyd in word and deed, and relinquish my title, possession and interest therein, totally 
 and expressly by these presents, being authorized thereunto by his Ma"" Letters 
 under his privie signet for y° same purpose. In witnesse whereof I have hereunto set 
 my hand and scale the eleaventh day of March Anno Dm'. 1643 juxta &c Annoque 
 Eegni Caroli dei grat. Anglioe Scotioe ffranc. et Hibern: Eegis fidei defensoris decimo 
 nono. Thomas ALLEVif. 
 
 Sealed and delivered in y° presence of Tho: Speot 
 
 NiCHO: Hunt. Notori Publiq. 
 
 It is probable that Eaph Alleyn, who had a vested interest in the 
 Mastership, after the death of Thomas Alleyn, declined to allow of this 
 resignation in favour of a much younger man, and that his opposition was 
 successful, for John Alleyn was certainly not admitted, and left Dulwich to 
 practise his profession as a surgeon at St. Margaret's near Eochester, where 
 he was residing when he reappears in the College history in 1669. 
 
 The Fellows at the time of the death of the late Master, Matthias, were 
 Francis Hooke, elected preacher 11th July 1639 ; William Jones, elected 
 schoolmaster 4th October 1638 ; Cadwalader Roberts, elected usher 17th 
 May 1639 ; and William Holmes, elected organist 31st December 1634. 
 
 The Civil War was at this time commencing, and Dr. Lysons records 
 (vol. i. p. 193), though he does not state his authority, that some of the 
 FeUows took service with the king's army. It is, however, certain that 
 about this time all the Fellows left, and it may be inferred that they took 
 up arms for the king, as they are styled "delinquents" by Parliament.* 
 At the audit on the 4th March 1643/4 the following orders were made in 
 respect of Mr. Cadwalader Roberts, the preacher : — 
 
 4 March 1643 
 
 Whereas M' Cadwalader Eoberts fellow of this Colledge about a yeare last past 
 went upon some occasion into the country and hath ever since bene absent from his 
 senrice in the said Colledge and schole there. And whereas upon the recomendacon 
 
 ♦ There are at the College receipts dated 1646 for money paid for " dishanding y" forces at New- 
 ' berry 2/ " ; " Scotch Assessment 3/9 " ; for relief of Basing House, 3/ ; for Sir Thomas Fairfax, 10/ : 
 maintenance of offices, 2/3. ' ' > 
 
 a 1 ^r.W. Percy Alleyne has in his possession a receipt for £200 from Charles II., dated " Antwerpe 
 J-^^^ . ,^'=cording to the tradition in Ma family, this money was lent by Dulwich CoUese ; but 
 the official accounts mention nothing the least like this, nor indeed would the state of the CoUeae 
 nnances have justified such extravagance at that time. 
 
1644.] THE COMMITTEE FOR PLUNDERED MINISTERS. 127 
 
 of the visitor of the said Colledge M' James Meade hath ever since the ffeast of the 
 Annunciacon of the blessed Virgin Mary 1643 last past (being now almost a full yeare) 
 bene accepted into the said Colledge (but not as ffellow) to execute and pforme the 
 dutie and service of the said M' Eoberts in his absence. And whereas the said 
 M' Meade hath carefully and diligently ever since his cominge to the said Colledge 
 of&ciated his dutie as well in the Chappell of the said Colledge as also pformed the 
 care & respect of a diligente Teacher of the Children in the Schole there. And 
 •whereas also the said M' Meade hath not as yet had any allowance of Stipend out of 
 the said Colledge but only his diett and one quarters stipend at Midsommer last. In 
 respect of all which premisses it is now thought fitt by this court & soe ordered, That 
 the said M' Mead shall have the like allowance of stipend and diett from the said 
 Colledge as the said M' Eoberts should have had if he had bene resident, to be 
 accompted from the said ffeast of the Annunciacon to this time & soe from hence- 
 forth during his being in the said colledge & pforming his dutie there. And it is 
 further ordered that the said M' Meads acquittances for the said stipend shall from 
 time to time be a sufficient discharge to the warden of the said Colledge against the 
 said M' Roberts for paying the said stipend unto the said M' Meade untill another 
 ffellow be chosen in place of the said M' Eoberts. 
 
 Thomas Alleyn Eich: Weight 
 
 Eaph Alleyn Henry [H S.] Smith 
 
 his mark 
 
 William Jones 
 William Clotch 
 Thomas Goddakd. 
 
 It is further ordered that if M' Cadwallader Eoberts doe not appeare at the 
 Colledge w"'in twentie dales next ensewinge, that then he shalbe proceeded w"'all 
 according to the statutes of this colledge, and that a note in writing be sett upon his 
 chamber doore w"'in the Colledge signifying the contents of this order for that the 
 Colledge doth not knowe to what other place to give any other notice. 
 
 William Holmes, the organist, left, as tlie Eegister shows, on the 
 l7th July 1643, Francis Hooke on the 3rd May 1644, his resignation 
 being inserted in the audit book with his signature, and William Jones 
 on the 4th May 1644. James Mead was elected in lieu of Cadwalader 
 Roberts on the 28th March 1643/4, and was thus from the 4th May 1644 
 the only Fellow. 
 
 The Long Parliament had, on the 31st December 1642, appointed a 
 Committee " to consider of the fittest way for the Eelief of such Godly 
 " and well afiected ministers as have been Plundered and likewise to 
 " consider what malignant Persons have benefices here in and about this 
 " Town, whose livings being sequestered, these may supply their cures and 
 " receive their profits." Sir John Lenthall, M.P., a relative of the Speaker 
 of the House of Commons, resided at Dulwich, or, at least, was a tenant of 
 the College, and it was consequently not likely that the vacancies in the 
 Fellowships would long escape the notice of this Committee. 
 
 Accordingly, on the 25th March 1644, the Master, Warden, and Fellows 
 
128 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 were summoned by the Committee of Safety for tlie County of Surrey to 
 appear before them at the Bear in Southwark, to give an account of the 
 officers of the school, and were at the same time prohibited from making 
 any new elections. 
 
 The following is a copy of the order : — 
 
 March 25. 1644. At the Comittee for the safety of the County of Surrey. It is 
 ordered that the M'. warden and ffellows of the Hospitall or Colledge of Dulwich 
 appeare hefore this Committee on Friday next at the Beare in the borough of South- 
 •warke, to give them an accompt concerning the Officers of the Scole and to pceed to 
 iioe new eleccon of any officers tillfurtlier order from this Comittee. 
 
 On the 23rd May 1644 the following order appears : — • 
 
 At the Comittee of the House of Commons in ParHament concerning plundered 
 ministers May 3. Anno Dom: 1644. 
 
 Whereas the places of the 4 f ellowes of the Colledge of God's Guifte of Dulwich 
 in the county of Surr. are become void by the delinquency of some & resignacon of 
 others of y* Fellowes of y° said Colledge as by certificate from the Comittee of Parlia- 
 ment for the safety of the County of Surr: appeth. It is this day ordered by the 
 Colte of the howse of Comons in pliament concerning Plundered Ministers, That John 
 Crofts, M' of Arts, a godly and orthodox divine sliall supply the place of the two senior 
 fellowes of y° s^ CoUedge and preach diligently in the ChappeU of the said Colledge 
 to the Society thereof and to the Inhabitants of the said towne. And that he shall 
 have for his paines therein all roomes, stipends, ffces, rents, woods, avayles, priviledges 
 and pfitts whatsoever belonging and of right accustomed to be paid to the s*" two 
 senior folio wcs till such tyme y' y' state of the s* Colledge can be taken into further 
 examinacon and consideracon. And that James Mead, Bachelor of Arts shall pforme 
 y° duty of y" two other ffeUowes, in teaching of Schole in y° said Colledge and 
 diligently instruct y" children and schoUers in y° free schole there. And shall have 
 for his paines therein all rooms, stipends, fi'ees, rents, woods, avayles, priviledges and 
 pfitts whatsoever belonging and of right accustomed to be p* to the s^ two fellowes 
 untill further examinacon and consideracon as aforesaid. And y° MT & "Warden of 
 the s* CoUedge are required upon sight hereof to admitt the afores* psons into y° s* 
 severall services & see y° pmises pformed & this order duely executed as they 
 will answere the contrary att there pills. 
 
 John White.* 
 
 The Register states that John Crofts was admitted preacher, and James 
 Mead promoted to be schoolmaster, on the 1st June 1644 ; but the College 
 seems to have demurred to paying them the pensions allotted by the 
 statutes to the holders of these offices, and on the 23rd July the following 
 order was made by the Committee : — 
 
 At the Comittee of the howse of Comons in phament concerninge plundered 
 Ministers July 23. An" Dni 1644. 
 
 It is this day ordered by the said Comittee y' y" M' & Warden of y" colledge at 
 
 * Mr. John White, member for Sonthwark, vas chairman of the Committee for riundereJ 
 Ministers. 
 
d 
 
 1644.] ARREST OF THE MASTER AND WARDEN. 129 
 
 Dulwieh in y° county of Surr: doe shew cause before the Comittee on the 26*" day of 
 this instant July at two of the Clock in y° afternoons in the exchequer at Westni"", 
 why they, should not pay unto M' Mead scholem' in y° said CoUedge & M' Crofts 
 preacher there by order of this Coltee the stipends ifees and pfitts ordered them by 
 this comittee & why they should not pmit them to enioy the benefitt of y° s* order 
 whereof they are not to fail at their pills. John White. 
 
 The Master and Warden duly attended on the 26th July, and an order 
 was made in the following terms : — - 
 
 July 26. 1644. At the Comittee of y° howse of Comons concerning Plundered 
 Ministers. ' Upon hearing the matters in difference, this day betweene the M' and 
 Warden of the coUedge at Dulwieh in the county of Surr: M' Mead scholem' in the 
 s* CoUedge, and M' Crofts Preacher there by order of this Comittee in the place and 
 steed of two of the fiellowes of the s* CoUedge who have deserted & are sequestred 
 from their s* severaU places, for their delinquency : It is this day ordered that the 
 said M' and Warden shall forthw'" pay and deUver unto y" s" M' Mead and M' Crofts 
 respectively the respective Duties, stipends, and ffees due & belonging to the 
 said severall places & as well since y" s* sequestracon as from the tyme y' y° s" 
 delinquents have deserted their s* colledge. And in case the said M' and warden 
 shall refuse to pay y" same their s* contempt shalbe transmitted to the Colte for 
 exalacon to the end y' a Serjeant at Armes may take and keepe them in safe custody, 
 tUl they shall have given the Coltee satisfaccon for their said contempt. And for the 
 said M' and Wardens better informacon and discharge of & from & concerning the a*" 
 sequestracon. It is ordered that they shaU have, if they will, a Copy of the order 
 thereof. John White. 
 
 The Master and Warden still hesitating, they were given in charge of the 
 Serjeant at Arms by the following order : — 
 
 20 Sept. 1 644. At the Comittee of y' howse of Comons for examinacons. 
 
 It is this day ordered that y" Serieant at Armes attending the howse of Comons or 
 his deputy doe forthw'" apphend & bring in safe custody before this Comittee sitting 
 in the Inner Court of Wards att Westm' the bodyes of Thomas AUeyn and Ealph 
 Alleyn M' and Warden of DuUage CoUedge to answere to such matters as shalbe 
 obiected ag' them. And aU Justices of Peace, Sheriffes, Maiors, Bayliffes, Constables, 
 and aU other his Ma"" of&cers and Subiects are hereby required to be ayding and 
 assisting in execucon hereof. 
 
 To John Hunt Esquire Serieant Miles Corbett. 
 
 at Arms or his Deputy. 
 
 At the audit held on the 4th September 1644 preceding, an order had been 
 made, but signed by the Assistants only, " that M' Crofts and M' Mead 
 " shall have the full power of transacting of all colledge busines as formerly 
 " the fellowes whose places they supply have had, but only one voyce a 
 " peece." At this audit Crofts and Mead signed the Warden's accounts. 
 
 VOL. L R 
 
130 JUS TOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 It seems evident that after this the Master and Warden paid the two 
 Fellows, as the following order was made on the 10th October 1644 : — 
 
 At the Committee of the House of Commons for examinations. 
 
 Upon hearing of the Complaints against Thomas Allen and Ealph Allen the m' 
 and warden of DuUage Colledge and for that noe matter of crime hath been pved 
 against them. It is ordered that they he forthwith discharged of their restraint and 
 dismissed from further attendance on this Comittee. And as touching the rest of 
 the Articles concerning their misgovernment in the Colledge, It is ordered that the 
 comptes be left to their remedy at lawe. Miles Cokbett. 
 
 At the audit on the 4th March 1644/5, it appears that the amount due 
 to the College by the Warden was £33. 17s. 5^d., the arrears (including the 
 Fortune Eents) were £458. 14s. 8d., and there was owing to Hen. Lay ton 
 £10, to John Partridge £5, and also £14, "which was taken up on the 
 " Colledge plate towards the paym* of M"' Jones his money." 
 
 It may be conjectured that this pawning of the College plate was not 
 so much due to the want of money as to motives of prudence, for although 
 the College was in the meanwhile often possessed of sufficient funds to 
 redeem it, it remained in pawn until the 1st May 1652. 
 
 On the 23rd June 1645, Mr. Crofts resigned, and on 2nd August the 
 Committee for Plundered Ministers made the following order : — 
 
 At the Comittee for plundered ministers August 2. An°. Dni 1645. 
 
 Wliereas John Crofts M' of Arts was by order of this Comittee of the 23'" of May 
 An°. Dni 1644 noiated and appointed to supply the place of the two sen"" fellowes of 
 the Colledge of God's Guifte at Dulwich in the pish of Camberwell and county of 
 Surr. then being void, and the s* M' Crofts has sithence left the same : It is ordered 
 that Stephen Streete a godly & orthodox divine shall supply the place of the s* 
 ffellowes to preach diligently in y° Chappell of the s* Colledge. And shall have for 
 his paines therein all Eoomes, stipends, ffees, rents, woods, avayles, priviledges and 
 pfitts whatsoever of or belonginge & of right accustomed to be paid to the said senior 
 feUowes tiU farther order shalbe taken in the pmises. And all pson or psons what- 
 soever are required quietly to pmit the said M' Streete to officiate as aforesaid & to 
 have enioy receve & take to his owne use and benefittthe said rents, stipends, ffees, 
 pfitts and pmises as they wiU answere the contrary at their pills. 
 
 GiLBEET MiLLINGTOK. 
 
 Mr. Street was accordingly admitted Fellow on the 2nd August ; and at 
 the audit on the 4th September 1645, the six churchwardens sio-'ned the 
 following confirmation of the order : — * 
 
 4 Sept. 1645. Whereas M' Stephen Streete by an order of Parliament bearing date 
 the 2° August 1645, is appomted as minister to officiate in this colled"-e It is con- 
 ceived meete by the assistants now psent, tliat the said M' Streete "shalbe paid & 
 aUowed all such moneys due for one qter beginning the 24'" of June last past for & m 
 consideracon of his paines in the s" CoUedge for the most pte of the tyme before the 
 
1 645.] APPOINTMENT OF FELLO WS. 1 3 1 
 
 date of the aforesaid order. And they doe likewise allow & approve of the sd order & 
 that it may be observed for time to come according to the intent & meaneing thereof. 
 
 There seems to have been some difference between the College and Mr. 
 Mead, for at this audit the following order was made : — 
 
 Whereas M' James Mead is appointed schokn' in this colledge by order of Parlia- 
 ment (as is ptended) It is thought fitt by the assistants, whose names are subscribed 
 that the said M"" Mead for future shall pduce & show the s* order of Parliam' to be 
 allowed by the M' and warden in being, before the paym' of any nioneys due to him 
 for officiating in the said place. 
 
 It is diflScult to see the motive of this order, for Mr. Mead was undoubt- 
 edly appointed by Parliament, but it produced the following resignation : — 
 
 "Whereas by a late order of the comittee of plundered ministers bearing date the 
 xxiij'" day of May anno Dni 1644 the place of Schoolm' of the Colledge of Dulwich in 
 the county of Surr: was conferred by the said Comittee iipon me James Mead of the 
 said Colledge Batchelor in Arts. Now this witnesseth that I the said James Mead 
 haveing an intencon otherwise to dispose of my selfe doe by these psents surrender & 
 yield up unto the M' & Warden of the said Colledge to the use of the said Corporacon 
 the said place of Schoolm' there & the said order & all benefitt whatsoever that I can 
 may or doe claime thereby. Witnes my hand and seale this present 17"" day of 
 October 1645. James Mead. 
 
 In the pnce of us 
 
 Sam Johnson 
 
 And: Blackwell 
 
 Alex. Gregokie 
 
 On the 13th November Mr. Colby was appointed by the following order, 
 and duly admitted ; the Eegister, however, by a clerical error, making the 
 date of admission the 13th August, though it records Mr. Mead as leaving 
 on the 18th October : — 
 
 At the Comittee for plundered Ministers 
 Novemb. 13. An° Dni 1645. 
 Whereas John Croftes M' of Artes was by order of this Comittee of the xxiij"" of 
 May An" Dni 1644, appointed to supply the place of the two senior ffellowes of the 
 Colledge of Gods guift als Dulwich in the pish of Camberwell & County of Surr then 
 being void John Mead M' of Artes was then also nominated to pforme the duty of the 
 twoe other fellowes in teaching of schoole in the said colledge & diligently instructing 
 the children and schollers in the free schoolo of the said coUedge, and the said M'' 
 Mead hath sithence relinquished his interest of & in the said place. It is ordered 
 that the same shall from henceforth stand sequestered to the iTse of Edmond Colby 
 M' of Artes who is hereby required to supply the place of the said fellowes in y" stead 
 of the said M' Mead in teaching of schoole in the said Colledge & diligently instruct- 
 ing y* children and schollers in the said free schoole, and shall have for his paines 
 
132 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 therein All roomes stipends ffees rents wood avayles priviledges & profitts whatsoever 
 belonging & of right accustomed to be paid unto the, said two fellowes untill further 
 order shalbe taken in the premises. And the said M' & "Warden of the said CoUedge 
 are required to admitt the aforesaid M"" Colby into the said places & service and see 
 the premises pformed & this order duly executed accordingly. 
 
 GiLBEET MiLLINGTON. 
 
 At the audit held on the 4th September 1646 the following orders, forbid- 
 ding the Fellows to keep horses at the College expense, and refusing to pay 
 the two Fellows an allowance in money for double diet, were made and 
 signed by the assistants only : — 
 
 4 Sept. 1646. 
 
 At this Court upon debate and view of the statutes of the CoUedge whether the 
 ffellowes of the CoUedge are allowed any horsmeat at the charge of the CoUedge, the 
 Assistants doe hereby order that (in regard there can be noe statute pduced that give 
 such allowances) there be noe hay or other pvision for horse aUowed at the CoUedge 
 charge to any Ifellow of the Colledge or other pson or psons whatsoever that have 
 done now doe or hereafter shall supply their places by any power or authoritie 
 whatsoeu'. 
 
 4 Sept. 1646. 
 
 At a court of assistants held at God's guift Colledge in Dulwich by the M' Warden 
 & Assistants of the same upon view & consideracon of an order of y° com'" of Pailiam' 
 for plundered Ministers bearing date y' 23"' day of May 1644 wherein the places of y° 
 4 fellowes of the said CoUedge are to be supplied by M' John Croftes & M' James 
 Meade a minister & schoolmaster, & they to have for their paines therein all 
 roomes stipends ffees rents woods avayles privUedges & pfitts whatsoever belonging 
 & of right accustomed to be paid to the said 4 fellowes They doe hereby declare that 
 they doe not conceive that by the said order is intended y* y" sd M' Croftes & M' 
 Mead or their successors should have an aUowance in money lor double dyett, in 
 regard they now have & ever since the date of the said order have had their dyett in 
 the said CoUedge, & 10" p ann a peece for double dyett w"'' allowance in money they 
 humbly conceive hath bene paid & allowed hitherto to the wrong of the coUedge, & 
 doe hereby order the nonpaym' of y° said money for dyett untill the minde of the 
 aforesaid comittee be further declared. 
 
 _ Upon this order being made, Street and Colby petitioned the Com- 
 mittee, the Master, Warden, and Assistants presenting the following counter 
 petition : — 
 
 To the Hon'"" Comittee for Plundered Ministers. 
 
 The Humble petition of the M' and warden of Dulwich CoUege in the county of 
 Surrey, sheweth 
 
 That it pleased this honor"'' Comittee upon the 23"' day of May An° Dni 1644 
 toorder and appoint M' Crofts and M' Mead to be minister and SchooUmaster of the 
 said CoUedge and they to have for their paines aU Eoomes, stipends, ffees, rents and 
 profitts formerly belonging to fower feUowes of the said CoUedge. 
 
 Now may it please this hon"'" Comittee that the said M' Crofts and M' Mead hath 
 
i647.] THE ALLOWANCE FOR DOUBLE DIET. 133 
 
 demanded an allowance in money for double dyet by reason of the said 4 fellowes 
 places as by an order made at their court of assistants 4 Sept. An°. 1646 and hereto 
 annexed doth appe^re 
 
 Wherefore your pet" humbly pray your order concerning y' allowance for double 
 dyet. And if it may seeme good to this Hon"'" Comittee that the allowance of double 
 dyet may bee reserved to & for the use & benefitt of the Societie belonging to the said 
 CoUedge and the rather because great taxes are now levied thereupon. And they 
 shall pray &c. 
 
 The Committee on the 18th December decided against the Fellows by 
 
 the foUowinsc order : — 
 
 Upon consideration had of y° peticon of the M'. Warden and assistants of Dul- 
 wich Colledge in the county of Suit, this Com'" sees noe cause why M' Street & 
 M' Colbye to whome the said ffellowshipps are sec[uestered should have allowance for 
 the dyett of the said 4 ffellowes but for themselves onely. And doe order the same 
 accordingly unles they shall shew good cause to the contrary on the xx'" day of 
 January next. Hae. Grimston. 
 
 Upon the above decision of the Committee the inhabitants of the village 
 of Dulwich petitioned on behalf of the fellows as follows : — 
 
 To the Hon*"'' Committee of Parliament for Plundered Ministers. 
 
 The Humble Peticon of y° Inhabitants of Dulwich in the county of Surrey: 
 Sheweth. That your Petitioners having bene long destitute of an able minister and a 
 painfull schoolmaster. It was ordered by this honorable Com"° that M' Streete and 
 M' Colby should officiate y" same and receive for their paines such profitts and privi- 
 ledges as their pdecessors enioyed which they have hitherto done accordingly, although 
 at psent y° M' and Warden of y° Colledge endeav' to deprive them of a third part of 
 their livelyhood and deny them double dyett, to their great discouragement, the 
 minister having left us destitute and y" Scholm' ready to remove for want of main- 
 tenance whoe hath done more good in his place than ever any man did, and who hath 
 lost all his bookes by the King's ptie in Cornwall. 
 
 Yo' Pet" therefore Iiumbly pray y' y° Minister and Schoolm' may enioy their 
 accustomed maintenance and receive y° same Incouragement w""" others have done 
 according to y° former Orders of this Hon*'" Comittee. And your Pet" shall ever 
 pray, &c. 
 
 Eobert Dawlman, Geo: Portman, Eich E. Perry, Thos Downer, Thos Hammond, 
 John Badger, Mathew Sheppard, Phillip Collins, Nicholas Badger, John Barrett, John 
 Eedman, Thos Oxlye. 
 
 This petition was successful, and on the 2nd February 1646/7 the 
 Committee reversed the former decree and made the following order : — 
 
 Whereas this Com'" have setled a minister & a schoolm' in the place and steed of 
 the 4 fellowes of Dulwich Colledge in the Countie of Surr, & the pfitts belonging to 
 the said fower fellowes. And whereas some question hath sithence arisen, whether 
 this com'°° did by their former orders intend that the said Minister & Schoolm' should 
 have double Dyett or allowance for the dyett of twoe psons besides their owne Dyett 
 
134 
 
 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. 
 
 [a.d. 
 
 upon consideracon of the former orders of this Com'" & of the statutes of the ffounder 
 of the said Colledge in the case of Dyett. It is thought fitt & ordered upon hearing 
 of both sides, that there shalbe allowance of the value of two mens dyetts to the said 
 Minister & Schoolm' over and besides the dyett that they themselves have from the 
 said colledge. And for that it appeares by the Statute of the ffounder that x" a yeare 
 a peece should be allowed for the dyett of the said ffellowes, It is ordered by consent 
 of M' Colby the psent schoolm''. that the said x" a yeare shalbe allowed & still con- 
 tinued from time to time to the said Minister & Schoolm"' insteed of the said Dyett, 
 w""" the M', Warden, & Assistants of the said Colledge are hereby required to paie 
 accordinglie dureing the sequestracon, & the said profitts & revenues of the said 
 ffellowshipps are afterwards to goe according to the constitucons of the Colledge. 
 
 Has. Grimston. 
 
 Stephen Street, it vs^ould appear from the petition of the inhabitants, 
 had left the College before the Committee came to this decision, but the 
 record in the Register of his departure is dated 19th March 1646/7 ; Mr. 
 Colby remaining the only fellow until 1649, the Master and Warden being 
 " forced to hire severall ministers such as they could gett to preach in the 
 " Chappell." On the 26th November 1649 the Committee for Plundered 
 Ministers put in one John Skingle "to be minister of the said College and 
 " to receave the profitts," though the appointment does not appear in the 
 Eegister, or, except indirectly, in the audit books. Mr. Skingle, though 
 never admitted a Fellow, signed the Warden's weekly accounts, and remained 
 in the College untU his death in 1658, as appears by a MS. in Dulwich 
 College (MSS. vi. 21), which is "a true Inventorie of M' Skingles goods 
 " and bookes taken out of his chamber and studdye y* 20 Sept. 1658." 
 This inventory recites the titles of about 500 books, and proceeds with 
 the following list of household goods, &c. : — 
 
 A pound of candles 
 
 2 Chamber pots 1 bason 
 
 1 Tanke 2 pair of bootes 
 
 2 pair of spurrs 
 
 3 leather chaires & 2' Stooles 
 3 Cloaks 1 Coates & an halfe 
 3 doubletts & an halfe w"* 
 
 1 paire of breeches 
 
 6 Quishings (Cushions) 
 
 2 Hat cases w"" 2 hatte in y" 
 2 pair of Sheetes 
 
 2 Shirts 
 
 5 Pillow beeves 
 
 3 Towells 
 
 A parcell of Old Linnen 
 1 Matt w'" a bedd 
 boulster pillow pillow beeve 
 1 paire of Sheetes 2 blankets 
 
 1 Eugg, 4 Curtains & a Vallance 
 
 2 Quishins more 
 2 Trunkes 
 
 1 "VVaruiing Pan 
 1 paire of toungs 
 1 ffire shovel 
 1 paire of fire jtous 
 1 paire of Shooes 
 1 Tin Candle sticke 
 4 faggotts 
 1 boote Jacke 
 
 1 paire of bellowes 
 Bed cords 
 
 2 Jake Botelle 
 
 A glass halfe full of tobacco with 
 
 8 tobacco pipes with 2 other little 
 
 glasses 
 A saddle & an old saddle cloth. 
 
1655-] EXPULSION OF DOROTHY JENKS. 135 
 
 Then follows this receipt : — 
 
 Eec*. the 21"' day of OctoBer 1658 by us Tdchard Skingle and "William Skingle 
 executoi*s of the last will & testament of our brother John Skingle deed, of Thomas 
 Alleyn and Ralph Alleyn the M' & Warden of God's Guift CoUedge in Dulwich in 
 the countie of Surr. all and singular the goods bookes apparrell & household stuif 
 whatsoever menconed & expressed in this Inventory aforegoeing of all w""" wee & 
 either of us doe acquite & discharge the said M' and Warden by these presents. 
 
 Witness our hands and seales the day & yeare above written 
 In the presence of us 
 
 William Cartek John Bradford Will" Skingle © 
 
 John Harrison Will. Jenkins Rich Skingle © 
 
 At the audit on the 4th September 1650, John Brooke, a poor scholar 
 from Cripplegate, was sent to Christ's College, Cambridge, and allowed 
 £20 per annum, " besides his furnishing with necessaries at his first goeing 
 " thither if he shall not be allowed any maintenance from any other place 
 " or pson, and what shalbe soe allowed him elsewhere it is ordered shall be 
 " abated by the CoUedge out of the said 20" a yeare." 
 
 This was the first poor scholar sent to the University, but he does not 
 appear to have proceeded to any degree. 
 
 In the year 1653, the College fined one Dawlman, a tenant, £5 for 
 cutting down trees, an off'ence which they seem to have always punished 
 subsequently, several instances occurring in later years. 
 
 At the audit on the 4th September 1655, Dorothy Jenks, a poor sister, 
 was expelled for slandering Mr. Colby, the schoolmaster. The order is as 
 follows : — 
 
 fforasmuch as Dorothy Jenks, one of the poore sisters of the said CoUedge of the 
 Parish of Saviours Southwark, hath bene a very disorderly and scandalous pson since 
 her coming into y' s* CoUedge, for w"" misdemeanours shee hath bene sundry times 
 admonished, reproved, & punished according to the statutes of the Colledge, Notwith- 
 standing all w** shee doth still psist and continue in her s* scandalous speeches & vdll 
 not bee brought to any obedience of orderly and civill life, being guilty of these crimes 
 following 
 
 " 1. That about the later end of November 1654, the said Jenks did openly in the 
 " Kitchin of y" s* Colledge say & affirme that Alice Lambe one other of the poore 
 " sisters of y* s' Colledge was a private Whore to M' Colby, the schoolmaster of y* 
 " Colledge and that hee laj' w"" her night by night for a long time together and that 
 " hee sett two of y° Boyes of y* Colledge to watch whilst they were together in his 
 " chamber. 
 
 " 2. That on Easter day last, in the morning the said Jenks did in the Courtyard 
 " of y* Colledge before divers people, strangers & others, declare that the said Lambe 
 " had a child by the said M' Colby and that shee had burned it. 
 
d 
 
 136 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 " 3. That at severall times when the said Jenks had soe falsely charged the said 
 " Lambe that M' Colby was in her chamber, shee hath had her into her chamber & 
 " lighted her a candle & caused her to search in every corner for him, yet though shee 
 " could not choose but bee convinced of her folly, she would still continue in her 
 '' rayling & scandalous speeches to that purpose. Although it hath many times 
 " appeared & been proved by good Testimony that at sundry of those times the s* M' 
 " Colby hath bene either at London, or some other place distant from home about his 
 " occasions And in pticular, on y° IS*"" of January last in y° psence of Coll. Hard- 
 " wick, M' Sherlock and Sergeant Parker, Shee being called into y° plour of y* s^ 
 " CoUedge to heare what shee could say for her scandalous speeches, Shee was so 
 " far from being sorry for the same, that shee said she would maintaine what shee had 
 " spoken to bee true. And further said, that at that very instant of time M' Colby was 
 " in y° s* Lambes chamber, when Serg' Parker affirmed that y° very same morning hee 
 " mett M"" Colby and spake w'" him in Paul's Churchyard London. And on y' 
 " 5"" of June last, shee said before M' Drury, one of the Churchwardens of her Parish, 
 " that all shee had said, as is before menconed, was every word true. 
 
 " That for confirmacon of all these scandalous & wicked speeches, she will 
 " frequently utter many horrid & detestable Oathes and curses, & will by no meanes 
 " be psuaded or deterred from the same. 
 
 " Por all which high crimes and misdemeanours. Wee the assistants of the said 
 " College, whose names are under written, doe deeme her not fitt to live in a civUl & 
 " orderly Society, and doe therefore expell the said Jenks from y^ s'' Colledge never- 
 " more to receave any benefitt from the same, nor to bee capable of any place therein, 
 " according to y" statutes & ordinances of y" same. 
 
 Thomas Alleyn. John Chessaur John Adams 
 
 Ealph Alleyn. Will: Eimmer Hen. Boothman 
 
 Sam'' Wilkins John Pace." 
 
 A poor brother, Rich. Hoath, was also expelled on the 8th October 
 1656, but no particulars of his offence are on record. 
 
 The Master, Warden, and the Assistants had since the year 1644, 
 when the Committee for Plundered Ministers first interfered with the 
 appointments to the Fellowships, never ceased their endeavours to recover 
 the right to elect the Fellows themselves. They were advised, and held, 
 that no lease of the College lands would be valid, unless signed by the 
 Master, Warden, and at least two regularly elected Fellows, and in fact 
 they had granted no lease since 1644, and never allowed the Committee's 
 Fellows to sign the audit books. 
 
 The following succinct account of all their proceedings in the matter 
 was placed on record by them : — 
 
 The master warden and assistants of the Colledge of God's Guift in Dulwich in 
 the County of Surrey have endeavoured for the settlement of the Colledge according 
 to the ffoundacon as followeth 
 
1650.] PETITIONS TO PARLIAMENT. 137 
 
 In the yeare of our Lord 1644, viz' the 3* of May the 4 ffellowes places were all 
 voyd, and thereupon the Comittee for the safety of the county sumoned the M' & 
 "Warden to appeare before them & not to proceed to any new eleccon of ffellowes till 
 further order. 
 
 The 23"' of May 1644 by order from the Comittee for plundered ministers John 
 Croits Minister & James Mead Schoolm"^ were put in to supply the places of y° 4 
 ffellowes till further orders & to receave double pencons & allowance for double diet, 
 the full profitts of y° said 4 ffellowes places &c. John White Chairman of y* s* 
 comittee. 
 
 _ 28 June 1644. — The M' "Warden & M' Edgar Counsellor had a Conference in y* 
 painted chamber "Westm' w'" the s* M' "White, & shewed him the above menconed 
 order under his hand and w*''all told him, it did quite alter & destroy their ffoundacon 
 & upon his view of the Letters patentes and statutes of y° ffounder his answere was 
 this order was granted upon a misinformacon, & bade them have patience for six 
 weeks or two moneths at furthest for now y" pliam' was busy & then this order should 
 bee made void, & the CoUedge should bee as it formerly was. 
 
 3 July 1644.— The M' "Warden & Counsell w'" M' "White y" chairman of y* 
 comittee for plundered ministers at his bowse concerning the busines but nothing 
 done. 
 
 ffebr. 1644. — The M' & "Warden peticoned y' Parliament that they might choose 
 ffellowes according to their statutes, M' Lane, Councellor & a parliament man went 
 w"" them to deliu' their peticon & they wayted severall times upon it, but nothing 
 done. 
 
 1645. Nov. 1. 8. 11. — The M' & Warden did againe peticon the said Comittee they 
 might choose ffellowes according to their statutes upon James Mead the Sclioolm'' his 
 relinquishing his interest that hee had from y' Com"' and did attend that Comittee 
 w'" councell, but nothing done. 
 
 13 Nov. — The said Comittee by their order (Gilbert Millington chairman) did put 
 in Edmund Colby to bee schoolm' in the sd Colledge in James Meads stead, & to 
 receave the like profitts. 
 
 1645. 2 Aug. — Upon M' Crofts minister his relinquishing his Interest in y* 
 Colledge that hee had from y' comittee for plundered ministers the M'' & Warden 
 againe peticoned the Comittee that they might choose ffellowes as formerly 
 according to their statutes, but it would not bee granted & the said Comittee by their 
 order (Gilbert Millington chairman) did put in Stephen Street to be minister of y* 
 colledge & to receave the profitts as aforesaid. And the said Stephen Street left y* 
 colledge on or about Christmas 1646. 
 
 1646. ffeb. — The M' & Warden did againe peticon the said Comittee that they 
 might choose fellowes according to their statutes but it would not bee granted, and 
 soe they were forced to hire severall ministers such as they could gett to preach in the 
 Chappell of y* s* Colledge till about the yeare 1649. 
 
 1647. Sept. — The M' Warden & Assistants did peticon the parliam* that they 
 might choose ffellowes according to their statutes & attended on that peticon severall 
 dayes & yeares, but nothing done. 
 
 1649. 28 Nov. — The comittee for plundered ministers by their Order put in John 
 Skingle to bee minister of the said Colledge and to receave the profitts. 
 
 1650. — The M' Warden and Assistants did againe peticon the long pliam' for that 
 they might choose ffellowes according to their statutes & attended thereon many 
 moneths, but nothing done. 
 
 VOL. I. ' s 
 
1 38 HISTOR y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 1652. — The M' Warden & Assistants did peticon the Comittee for plundered 
 ministers that they might choose ffellowes, and they referred it to a sub comittee who 
 had severall meetings but did nothing. 
 
 1653. Nov. — Tlie M' Warden & Assistants peticoned y" short Parliam*' to choose 
 ffellowes as aforesaid, and they receaved their peticon & used them very courteously 
 & told them that they w-ould in a very short time settle the Colledge, but they haueing 
 then very v/eiglity busines under consideracon wished them to haue a little patience 
 & it should be done, but not long after that pliam' was dissolv'd. 
 
 1654. 30 March. — This peticon following was delivered to M' Long one of the 
 Masters of Bequests to his Higness. 
 
 To liis Highnes the Lord Protector of the Comonwealth of England Scotland and 
 Ireland. 
 
 The Humble peticon of the M': Warden & Assistants of y° Colledge of God's 
 Guift in Dulvvich in the county of Surrey, Sbeweth. 
 
 That King James at the request of Edward Allen Esq', deed, did by his Letters 
 Patents in the 17"" yeare of his Eaigne over England incorporate the said Colledge by 
 y' name of one Master, one Warden, fower fellowes, 6 poore brethren, six poore sisters 
 & 12 poore schoUers of the Colledge of God's Guift in Dulwich aforesaid, to endure & 
 remaine for ever. And by his said Lres patents gaue power to the said Edw. Alleyn 
 to make lawes statutes and ordinances for the governm' of the said Colledge, wlio 
 accordingly (amongst other statutes) ordained that when any of y° s^ ffeUowes places 
 should become void by death or otherwise then two psons qualified according to y* 
 s" statutes were to drawe lotts for the place or places then void & upon such choyce 
 to bee thereunto admitted and to take the Oath prescribed them in the said statutes. 
 To the pformance of w""" statutes the M', Warden & Assistants doe likewise take an 
 oath, at the time of their admittance into their severall places. 
 
 That in the year 1644 the 4 fellowes places became all void by the departure of 
 some & resignacon of others, since w""" time the Comittee of Parliam* for plundered 
 ministers haue disposed of the full profitts of the said 4 ffellowes places both for 
 double pencons & double diet to two persons but not as fellowes viz' a minister & a 
 schoolmaster who receaved the same accordingly, during their residence in tlie 
 Colledge, & since to two others in their steads, who still remaine in the Colledge & 
 receave the like pfitts, as by their sewall orders hereunto annexed may appeare. "Yet 
 soe it is, that the sole maintenance & whole Revenue of the said Colledge consistin'T 
 of Eents reserved upon leases for yeares w'" by the statutes of the Colledge are to bee 
 let at a valualjle rent w"'out any fine at all & but for 21 y tares & that by the consent 
 & approbacon of the said M'' Warden ffellowes & assistants. Many of the said leases 
 are already expired, and yo' pet" are nowe informed by councell learned, that accord- 
 ing to the Charter and statutes of the Colledge, yo' pet" cannot lett or renew any 
 Leases of the Lands belonging to the said Colledge, because the ffellowes are expressly 
 limited by the Charter of their Incorporacon to bee pte of their Corporacon and 
 w^out them their Corporacon is not compleate, and because by the expresse words of 
 the statutes of the ffounder (to which their patent referres) y* ffellowes are appointed 
 to bee present at the letting of all Leases, and soe for want of ffellowes chosen accord- 
 ing to the Statutes of the said Colledge to bee members thereof & ioyue in the lettin<T 
 of Leases, yo' pet" are not in a Capacity to renew any Leases, to the dancrer of the 
 suddaiue overthrow of the said Colledge. 
 
 For prevcncon whereof, and to the end yo"" pet" may discharge their sewall oathes 
 
i6ss.] FETITION TO THE LORD FROTECTOR. i39 
 
 as aforesaid, May it please yo' Highnes to take the pmisses into yo' through & 
 serious consideracon and to leave the power of choosing the said ffellowes to yo' 
 pet" as form'ly it was according to the statutes of the ffounder of the said CoUedge in 
 that behalfe made and provided, that the said guift soe pious and usefull may not 
 receaue prejudice as is sett forth 
 
 And yo' pet" shall eu' pray &c 
 
 Tho: Alleyn Edw Crosse John Haiidwicke E-ioh: Smart 
 
 Eaph Alleyn Peter Eccles W" Crofts John Johnson 
 
 W" Linton Tho Butler Geo Jackson 
 
 John Greenh^l Tho. Crowder Eich: Dashwood* 
 
 One & thirtieth day of May 1654 
 
 His Highnes's pleasure is, That the consideracon of this Peticon bee hereby referred 
 to the Councill. 
 
 Nov' 16, 1655 
 
 The following peticon was delivered to M' Bacon one of the Masters of Bequests 
 to his Highnes : — 
 
 To his Highnes the Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England Scotland 
 and Ireland. 
 
 The Humble peticon of y° M' Warden & Assistants of y" CoUedge of God's Guift 
 in Dulwich in the county of Surrey, Sheweth. 
 
 That yo' pet" formerly addressed themselves to yo' Highnes for redresse of the 
 greivances menconed in the peticon annexed, and having receaved a Eeference from 
 yo' Highnes to yo' hon*''° councell, they left the determinacon thereof to the last 
 Parliam' who by their other occasions could not receave it. And yo' pet'^ being by 
 councell informed that the orders in the annexed peticon menconed for two psons to 
 supply the places of 4 ffellowes are not onely contrary to their ilounders statutes but 
 stand in yo' pet" way as councell advise them for making or renewing of Leases for 
 support of their coUedge & foundacon, which ffellowes & leases, tire to bee constituted 
 and made according to their ffounders statutes, as by a true copy whereof hereto 
 annexed appeareth. And some Leases being expired, others almost ended, the whole 
 corporacon will want support & maintenance if remedy by yo' Highnes bee not timely 
 obteyned. 
 
 They humbly pray yo' Highnes considering the pmises and the matter in the 
 annexed peticon, and that they haue not remedy otherwise, that yo' Highnes would 
 frratiously bee pleased in case of such necessity to order yo' pet" to pursue their 
 ffounders statutes for electing ffellowes, making leases and doeing other lawfuU things 
 for the benefitt of theis colledge, and the rather for that the ffortune playhowse (w°^ 
 heretofore was a great part of their Eevenue viz' 128" upwards p' ann.), hath bene for 
 diners yeares altogether uselesse to yo' pet", stands empty & ready to fall and seuerall 
 psons would gladly take the same to convert it to other uses w"*" might bring in some 
 considerable rent towards the maintenance of their poore of y' said Colledge, but yo' 
 pet" are not in a capacity to grant any Lease thereof for want of ffellowes chosen 
 according to their statutes, as is sett forth in the aforesd peticon 
 
 And yo' pet" shall pray &c 
 * The signatures are those of the Master, Warden, and two sets of Assistants. 
 
140 HISTOR Y OF D UL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 Wliitehall: NoV the 16'" 1655. 
 
 His Highness pleaseth to referre this.peticon & the pet" to the consideracon of 
 Major Awdley, M"" Drake & M'' Arthur or any two of them, to state the particulars & 
 certifie their opinion as touching the speedy setling of this matter 
 
 Nath'. Bacon. 
 
 This Committee reported as follows on the 27tli December 1655 : — 
 
 May it please your Highness. Whereas upon the peticon of the M', Warden and 
 Assistants of the CoUedge of Gods guift in Dulwich, in the county of Surrey to 
 your Highnes being dated the 16"" day of November last, your Highnes was 
 pleased to referre the same to us or any two of us to state y' pticulars and 
 to certifie our opinions concerning the same. In obedience thereunto wee have 
 pused and deliberatly considered of the matter therein to us referred and wee 
 doe finde 
 
 That King James at the request of Edward Alleyn Esq", did by his Letters 
 patents bearing date the 21"" day of June in the 17"" yeare of his Eaigne, incorporate 
 the said Colledge by the name of One Master, one Warden, Four ffellowes, six poors 
 Brethren, six poore sisters and Twelve poore schollers of the Colledge of God's Guift 
 in Dulwich a,foresaid, to endure and remaine for ever, and by that name to act sue 
 and implead as occasion should require. And by his said Lres Patents did give power 
 to the said Edward Alleyn to make lawes, statutes and Ordinances for the governe- 
 ment of the said College. And wee doe further find, that the said Edward Alleyn by 
 his deed in writing under his hand bearing date the 20"' day of November 1626, did 
 make and constitute severall ordinances and Statutes for y° regulating of the said 
 Colledge and among the rest Hee did order that when any of the Four ffellowes 
 places shall be void by death or otherwise, then the Master and Warden and the rest 
 of the surviving ffellowes shall within six weekes then next after provide two able 
 and sufficient psons to draw lotts for the place, and hee that draweth the right lott to 
 bee presently admitted and the other to receave soe much of y" pencon as proporcon- 
 ably should have accrued to the person departed, as aforesaid. And the pson admitted 
 to take an Oath prescribed in the said Statutes. 
 
 And the said Edward Alleyn doth farther by his said Instrument order and direct 
 that the two Senior ffellowes shall preach two Sermons every Sunday, and one sermon 
 on the first day of September, and one other on the Nativity of our Lord God : and 
 if the third and fowerth ffellowes be both absent, then they shall pforme all ministerial! 
 dutyes in the Chappell, the third ffellow shalbe Master of the Schoole and the fowerth 
 shalbe Usher and both shall have a speciall care for the vertuous instruccon and 
 educacon of the SchoUers and alternis vicibus read prayers weekely in the Chappell. 
 And it is thereby farther ordained That noe lease shalbe made to any pson or psons 
 of any of the Lands given by him to the said Colledge but by the consent and 
 approbacon of the said Colledge or the most pt of them there present, under their 
 hands and comon scale of the Colledge. 
 
 And it has bene further made appeare to us, that the fower ffellowes of the said 
 CoUedge in or about the yeare 1644 did desert or resigne their places and imploy- 
 ments, whereupon by order of the 23'" day of May 1644, the Comittee for plundered 
 Ministers did nominate and constitute John Crofts Master of Arts to supply the place 
 of the two Senior ffellowes of the said Colledge and to receave the Eents and pfitts 
 
i6s6.] COMMISSION OF VISITORS. 141 
 
 growing due to them. And y° s* Comittee in, and by the s* order, did likewise 
 appoint James Mead, Batchelor of Arts to pforme the duty of y° two other ffellowes, 
 in teacbinge sohoole in the said CoUedge and to have the rents and profitts growing 
 due to the said two ffellowes. 
 
 And wee find by the said Order that the same was provisionall onely, as wee 
 conceave for a time till the state of the said CoUedge should bee taken into further 
 consideracon w""" are the words of that order. And by order of the said Comittee of 
 the 2°* of June 1645, upon the said M"" Crofts his deserting the s* place one Stephen 
 Streete was nominated by the s* Comittee to supply the place, and upon his desert- 
 ing it one John Skingle by order of y° 28'" of Nov' 1649 was by the said Comittee 
 nominated to supply the said place of the two sen', ffellowes till further order only. 
 And that by order of the 13'" of November 1645 the said Comittee upon the said M' 
 Mead's relinquishing his Interest in the place of the said two other senior ffellowes, 
 the same by the s* order was sequestred to the use of Edmund Colby, Master of Arts 
 who is thereby required to teach the said Schoole and to take the Eents and pfitts of 
 the said two ffellowes tiU further order. 
 
 And it has further bene made appeare to us that there are divers Messuages and 
 Lands wherewith the said CoUedge is endowed whereof the best use and advantage 
 cannot bee made for y° benefit of the said CoUedge for want of making and renewing 
 Leases of the said Howses and Lands, which the CoUedge, at present as wee conceave, 
 is not in a capacity to make according to the aforesaid Eules and Orders of their 
 Foundacon, there being but two ffellowes where there should bee fower, and these two 
 not nominated and elected according to the said Eules of the Foundacon. 
 
 Having thus, according to your Highnes' order found and set downe the state of 
 the pticulars. Wee submitt further our humble opinion concerning the pmises to yo' 
 Highnes according to yo' Highnes' order to us directed. 
 
 1" That it is most agreable to the Eules of the ffoundacon that there should be 
 fewer ffeUowes elected and established in the said CoUedge according to the Institucon 
 and Eules of the foundacon for the pformance of all such dutyes as are required. 
 
 2. That by the orders of the Comittee of Parliament for Plundered Ministers, 
 M"" Skingle and M' Colby are to supply the places, to receave the profitts and enioy 
 the privUedges of the fower ffellowes till further order shalbe taken therein. 
 
 3. That for the due regulating of the said CoUedge according to the Eules of the 
 ffoundacon and intencon of this Charity, your Highnes would bee pleased to appoint 
 a Corporacon of Visitors in lieu of the late Archbishop of Canterbury and his 
 successors- (who bj^-the ffounder were nominated to bee ppetuall Visitors) which 
 Corporacon wee humbly desire may receave full power from your Highnes at con- 
 venient times to visitt and take order for the due execucon of the statutes and Eules 
 of the Foundacon to the preservacon of which Statutes wee find the officers of the 
 said CoUedge are by Oath obliged. All which wee humbly tender to your Highnes' 
 consideracon and determinacon. 
 
 Fkancis Deake, L. Awdley, John Aethue. 
 
 Upon this report the Lord Protector named on the 11th February 1655/6 
 the following as a Commission for visiting the College : — 
 
 Nathaniel Fiennes, John Lisle, Sir Bulstrode Whitelock, Sir Thomas Widdrington, 
 Edward Montague and WUham Sydenham Esq"". Major General John Lambert, Chief 
 
1 42 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 Justice Oliver S' John, Edward Wlialley Commissary General, Matthew Hale one of 
 the Judges of the Court of Common Pleas, Sir William Brereton, Bart, John Sadler 
 and Nathaniel Barron Esq"'. Masters of Bequests, Sir Thomas Pride, John Corbet, 
 Lewis Awdley, Abraham Babington, Walter S' John, Samuel Highlands, John 
 Hardwicke, Francis Allen and William Eolfe Esq"'. Eobert Tichborne, John 
 Blackwell Jun'. Francis Drake, Will Turner. 
 
 This visitation lasted for upwards of two years ; during its continu- 
 ance, on the 4th March 1657/8, a second poor scholar, Thomas Woodall 
 of Bishopsgate, was ordered to be sent to Exeter College, Oxford, with an 
 allowance of £16 per annum. His parish also gave him £5, as appears 
 from the following extract from the register of St. Botolph's : — 
 
 18 May 1658 Thnt there shall be £5 disbursed for y' fitting out of Thomas 
 Woodhall, from DuUedge College to y' universitie, in clothes, and monies towarde 
 buyeing him books. But not to be any pcident for y° future. ; ,• 
 
 Like the boy previously sent to Cambridge, he did not proceed to any 
 degree. 
 
 On the 19th March 1657/8 the Commissioners appointed by Cromwell 
 made the following appointments to the Fellowships : — 
 
 Friday the 19** day of March in the yeare of our Lord according to the computacon 
 of England 1657, in the howse of Thomas Howson in the pish of Lambeth in y" county 
 of Surr: before the Hon"" Thomas Kelsey Esq'., Lewes Awdley, Esq'., W" Turner 
 Doctor of Lawes, ffrancis Drake, and John Hardwick Esq'. Commissioners (amonge 
 others) lawfully authorized under the great seals of England for the ordering, visiting 
 and due setling of God's guift Colledge in Dulwich in the said County of Surr, in 
 the psence of Andrew Burt, publique notary being assumed attorney for this present 
 time : 
 
 Which day appeared personally John Bradford Batchelor of Arts now or late 
 student in Brazen Nose Colledge in the University of Oxon, and Henry TUley, 
 batchelor also of Arts, and now or late Student in Christ Church in the said 
 University of Oxon, and aUeadged That at a Court or meeting holden in the Doctor's 
 Commons in London on the 23'" day of Febr. last past, before the said Thomas Kelsey, 
 Lewes Awdley, William Turner, ffrancis Drake and also before William Stanes Doctor 
 of Phisick, John Blackwell and Edward Cressett Esq, the said John Bradford and 
 Henry Tilley were lawfully elected and chosen to the Schoolmaster's and Usher's 
 places of the said Colledge, now being void by lapse or otherwise. That is to say, 
 hee the said John Bradford was elected to y° Schoolmaster's place and hee the said 
 Henry Tilley was elected to y° Usher's place of the said College. Wherefore they 
 humbly pray to be admitted to the said respective places accordingly and then the 
 said Com", taking into consideracon the necessity of having the said places filled and 
 supplied, for the good and benefitt of the said Colledge, Did admit the said John 
 Bradford to the Schoolmaster's place of the said Colledge and the said Henry TUley 
 to y" Usher's place of the said Colledge, they the said John Bradford and Henry Tilley 
 having first severally taken openly before the said Com" the Oath usuall accustomed 
 and by the Statutes of the said Colledge required for them respectively to take. And 
 
i6sS.] APPOINTMENT OF FELLOWS. 143 
 
 then appeared psonally William Carter of Corpus Christi Colledge in the University 
 of Cambridge, Mast' of Arts and John Harrison of Trinity Coll in the said University 
 of Cambridge, Mast^ of Arts and did alleage that the two minister's places in the said 
 God's guift Colledge in Dulwich are now vacant and void by lapse or otherwise, and that 
 they are in all respects qualified for j" executing of the said places as by y° statutes 
 of the said Colledge are required. Wherefore they humbly prayed to bee admitted 
 to the said two minister's places. Whereupon the said Com" taking likewise into con- 
 sidei'acon the necessitye of having the said two Ministers places to be supplied and filled 
 for the good and benefitt of y" said Colledge and likewise having receaved sufficient 
 Testimony of the honest and godly lives and conversacons of the said W" Carter and 
 John Harrison and of their abilities in learning and divinity. Did unanimously elect 
 and choose them the said W™ Carter and John Harrison to the two minister's places, 
 now vacant and void by lapse or otherwise as aforesaid, in the said Colledge, and then 
 y° s'' William Carter and John Harrison, taking severally the Oath usual! accustomed 
 and by y" Statutes of y" s" Colledge required for them respectively to take, openly 
 before the said Com", were admitted by the said Com" to the said two Minister's 
 places of y" s* Colledge so as before vacant and void, that is to say, the said William 
 Carter to y" senior Minister's place of y° s'' Colledge, and the s"^ John Harrison to y' 
 junior or second Minister's place. And then the said Com" in the presence of y" now 
 W and warden of the s* Colledge did monish the same William Carter, John 
 Harrison, John Bradford and Henry Tilley duely to execute their severall and 
 respective places in the said Colledge, according to the present Lawes and statutes of 
 this Commonwealth, and according to the Lawes, Customes and Statutes of y° s* 
 Colledge, and did order them to begin to execute their said severall and respective 
 places on the 25"" day of March next and from thence also to begin to receave and 
 enioy the issues, pfitts, comodities, pri\'iledges and immunityes to their said respective 
 places belonging or appertayning. And lastly the said Com" did require niee the said 
 Pnblique Notary to attest the premises under my hand and to make severall publiqiie 
 Instruments for the said W™ Carter, John Harrison, John Bradford and Henry Tilley 
 for the better impowering of them to execute their said severall and respective places 
 and for receaving of their severall and respective profitts to their respective places 
 belonging to bee signed and sealed by the said Com" when I should bee thereunto 
 desired. 
 
 Attested by me Andrew Burt, Actuary for this present business. 
 
 Attested also by me Will" Jenkins Clerke to the said Commissioners. 
 
 At tlie audit on the following 4t]i September all these Fellows signed 
 the accounts, having been admitted in accordance with the above order on 
 the previous 25th March. Mr. Colby and Mr. Skingle were paid their 
 allowances until that day, and then "dischardged from the Colledge." 
 Mr. Skingle remained at the College till his death in September, being 
 probably too ill to be removed. 
 
 The visitors did not confine themselves to filling up the Fellowships, but 
 took into consideration complaints made by Elias Alleyn, the unsuccessful 
 candidate for the Wardenship in 1642, and others, against the Master and 
 Warden for mismanagement; of the College affairs. The result was an 
 acquittal on all the counts raised, as is thus recorded in the audit book : — 
 
144 
 
 HISTOR Y OF DUL WJCH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 The Master and Warden haue attended on the Visitors (by their Order) w'" the. 
 2 Eeo-ister Bookes wherein all the receipts and disbursments of the Colledge are 
 entred since the death of the ffounder.the Letters patents and the -statute booke of the 
 Colled<Te, together w"' 5 day hookes three files of acquitances for moneys paid, all the 
 ticketts abated by our Teiints for Parliam" taxes from y» beginning w'" severall Rentalla 
 & other papers of consequence concerning the Colledge, att their severall places of 
 meeting from the 22"" of Aprill 1656 to the 19'" of ApriU 1659 viz' 
 
 In the Parliam' Chamber in the Temple ... 02 times. 
 In Doctors Cornons London . . • .26 
 
 In the Court of Wards chamber Westm'. . . .11 
 
 In the Vine at ffoxhall Lambeth .... 08 
 In Worcester howse in y* Strand . . . .01 
 
 In Carroone howse on some of y" Com" there . . 08 
 
 And at Whitehall on y° Lords of y" Councill . . 06 
 
 At M"" Waterhowse his Lodgings in Whitehall . . 07 
 
 At Westminster hall in y° Starr chamber . . 02 
 
 And after all this the Visitors hereunder named did meete att Westminster the 
 19'" day of Aprill 1659 and agreed on & signed this Eeport to his Highnesse 
 Eichard Lord Protector as foUoweth viz' 
 
 To his Highnesse the Lord Protector of y' Commonwealth of England Scotland 
 & Ireland &c 
 Humbly presented 
 
 That it pleased His Highnes yo' late father of happy memory, by a comission 
 under the great scale of England, bearing date the 11'" day of ffebr 1655 to appoint 
 severall psons of honour & quaUty to bee visitors of the Colledge of God's guift in 
 Dulwich in y° county of Surrey and thereby to impower them or any five of them to 
 doe & execute all matters & things in that behalfe requisite & necessary to bee 
 done and executed, for the due setlem' of y" said Colledge according to y" Lawes, 
 statutes & customes of England, & the ordinances, statutes & charters of y° said 
 ffoundacon & according to y° will of the ffounder, as fully & absolutely as any visitor 
 heretofore might or ought to have done As by y° said Comission more at large 
 appeareth 
 
 That all or the greatest part of y" sd Visitors having upon their first meeting w'" 
 was in Aprill 1656, referred it to some few of their number, to puse the Letters 
 patents and statutes of the said Colledge & to examine how they had bene observed 
 and how matters then stood in relacon thereunto and having stated matter of ffact to 
 certifie the sd Com'* thereof, at their next meeting w°" was appointed to bee the 
 13'" of May 1656. 
 
 And the said Eeferrees the 13'" May reporting y' matter of ffact as to the present 
 state of the Colledge It was then desired by the Lords Com" of the great scale being 
 of y° number of y' Visitors that y° sd Eeferrees w'" as many of the others visitors as 
 could conveniently attend it, would proceed to y° settlem' of the said Colledge 
 according to the tenor and effect of the said Comission of Visitacon. 
 
 That thereupon the Com" subscribed, w'" others (whereof some are lately deceased) 
 taking upon them the said office of Visitacon w'" all due care & consideracon 
 according to the best of their understanding & Judgments, endeavoured to discharge 
 
I659-] BAPTISMS AND MARRIAGES. I45 
 
 their dutyes & consciences therein & after severall meetings during the space of 
 almost two yeares together haue some moneths since & before the death of his late 
 Highnes (as they humbly conceave) setled y' s* CoUedge according to y" purport of 
 his late Highnesse Comission & true intent of the statutes of the CoUedge as farre 
 as they were consistent w'" the present governm' whereof they wUbe ready to giue 
 yo' Highnes a more ample accompt, if thereunto required. 
 
 _ That upon y* peticon of one Elias AUeyn to yo' Highnes, wherein, among other 
 things, it is suggested, that though a Comission was by his late Highnes directed to 
 some psons of quality to rectifye y° abuses & for y° better settlem' of y« sd CoUedge, 
 yet that little or nothing was done therein Yo'' Highnes hath bene pleased by yo*" 
 order 3* of March 1658 to referre y' peticon to severall psons therein named or any 
 three or more of them, to give notice to pties & witnesses to appeare before them 
 examine y" pticulers of y° peticon & state & certifie the case to yo' Highnes, w'" their 
 opinion. 
 
 That though the said Elias Alleyn never yet appeared before the Visitors aforesaid, 
 either in pson or by proxie to our knowledge Yet all the matters suggested in y' 
 peticon & charged ag' the M' & Warden haue bene, by another hand, (who now 
 againe appeares to bee acting w'" the pet' in the same complaint) presented to us & 
 after full hearing & consideracon of the whole matter, upon the answers of y* s* 
 psons complained of & the testimony of severaU witnesses duely examined, according 
 to y" intent of y° s* comission "Wee & some others of the Com" aforesaid, finding noe 
 just cause (as wee humbly conceave) to remove the s* M' & Warden, haue thought 
 fitt to continue them in their places, & haue also chosen & admitted, fower other psons 
 to bee fellowes of y" said CoUedge according to y° intencon of y" ffounder & the statutes 
 in that case provided. 
 
 Soe that notw^standing what hath bene suggested in y" peticon aforesaid, as if 
 little or nothing had bene done by us : Wee humbly begg yo' Highnesse leave to say 
 that wee haue w"" all fidelity discharged our dutyes as to the trust reposed on us, for 
 y° due settlement of the said CoUedge, upon its right and statutable foundacon, w"'out 
 favour or partiall respect to any psons whatsoever. 
 
 AU w"" wee humbly submitt. 
 
 During the continuance in office of the preachers and schoolmasters 
 appointed by the Committee for Plundered Ministers the register shows that 
 baptisms were almost entirely suspended, as it contains but two between 
 the years 1645 and 1658, both of them children of Phillip Collins, a tenant 
 of the College ; and with one exception in 1656, the burials are exclusively 
 those of the poor brothers and sisters. After the appointment of the new 
 Fellows the baptisms are more frequent, and entries of some weddings 
 occur. One of these runs thus: — "1659. Abell Millar of the parish of 
 " Cammerwell in the countie of Surrey yeoman and Katherine Pittis of the 
 " parish of Lambeth, were married May 24 in this chappell, having been 
 " cried in the market place in South wark in the same countie aforesaid on 
 "three severall market dales;" and on the 17th July there is another 
 marriage after a similar publication in the market-place. 
 
 This was in accordance with the provisions of an ordinance of the Long 
 
 VOL. I. T 
 
146 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d 
 
 Parliament in 1653, whicli autliorized the publication of banns in the 
 market-place if the parties preferred it to publication in a churcli, and 
 •which at the same time declared that marriages should be legal only when 
 solemnized before a Justice of the Peace. The latter provision, however, 
 does not seem to have been generally enforced. All marriages so con- 
 tracted were expressly legalized by the first Parliament of King Charles 
 the Second. 
 
 From this time the right to the appointment of Fellows was resumed by 
 the College, though it was frequently allowed to lapse into the hands of 
 the Visitor by a delay of the election beyond the period of six months after 
 a vacancy. 
 
 The College buildings had for some years previous to this date sho'WTi 
 signs of decay, and on the 30th June 1656 the following report by Edward 
 Jerman and John Tanner, city surveyors, was presented (MSS. vi. 16) : — 
 
 Decayes obsei-ved att the Hospitall of Dullwicli and meanes prescribed for pre- 
 vention of damage. Imp"", the dore gooing into the Garden decayed and necessary to 
 bee repaired by putting a new dore case of Timber, the posts and head peiees to bee 
 14 ynches broade and 7 ynches in thickness. 
 
 It: the Steeple or Tower decayed and Damage may bee prevented by raising two 
 Buttresses the one att the South East Angle the other att the South west angle thereof. 
 Alsoe it is necessary to tye in the said Tower, the clossett, porch, aud chappell 
 togeather by Timber imd Iron not only in the roofe but also att each ffloore. 
 
 It: The roofe over the greate chamber aud Gallery is decayed and damage may 
 bee prevented if stoutt beanies and dogge of Iron bee fastened to the Beames Joyst 
 and raising peiees that is to say 7 in each Bay viz". 2 to each board and 3 for the 
 middle joyst in the midst of each Bay. Also that new sleepers bee putt in where 
 needs require and new purloynes over the greate chamber and the Eafters fastened to 
 the said purloynes. 
 
 It: The Garrett is sunk over the warden's back chamber and damage may be 
 prevented if a strap of Iron bee fastened to the raising piece southward. 
 
 It: The wall under the schoolhouse is decayed and damage may bee prevented if 
 two Buttresses bee erected att the two angles of the Wall w"" breakes forth into the 
 courte, each Buttresse to bee 18 ynches thick and 2 foote broade, the like Buttresses 
 are necessnry to bee erected on the West of the said Court opposite to the said 
 schoolehouse. Also it is necessary to make up the doare and one of the two lights of 
 the windowe, att the north east corner of the said courte aud the like light "to bee 
 stopt up att the north west angle of the said courte. 
 
 It: for prevention of damage it is necessary 4 Buttresses be erected towards the 
 north two att the end of tlie Gallery and two att the north end of the schoolmasters 
 lodging. 
 
 And lastly that all the aforesaid Buttresses have sufficient shores sett up for 
 support of the said Walls and wrought up in Brickworke. 
 
 Edw Jerman : John Tanner: 
 
 The College was not in a position to execute these repairs, and probablv 
 nothmg was done, for on the 6th June 1661 some part of the Colleo-e fell 
 
i66s.] THE PLAGUE AT DULWICH. i47 
 
 down, and Mr. John Alley n, probably tbe same John Alleyn in wbose 
 favour the Master had resigned in 1644, lent £150 to repair it. The 
 record of the loan is noticeable as containing the first mention of a picture 
 gallery in the College : — 
 
 26 Aug' 1661. Eec* of John Alleyn upon bond under the Colledge seale taken up 
 at Interest for six moneths w"'" was towards the rebuilding of the 5 chimneys, the 
 garret, picture Gallery and fower of the old womens roomes w""" fell downe the 6"" 
 June 1661 the some of £150. 00. 0. 
 
 On the 4th March 1661/2 Koger Bailey of Bishopsgate was ordered to 
 be sent to Oxford on the same terms as in previous cases. He entered 
 at Wadham College on the 25th November 1662, being the fourth scholar 
 sent to a university, and he graduated B.A. at "Wadham on the 19th June 
 1666, and subsequently became a Fellow of Dulwich College. At this audit 
 also the first rent for the site of the Fortune was received, being £34. 10s., 
 the materials " of the late ruinous and now demolished Fortune playhouse " 
 having been previously sold to the lessee for £75. Several changes took 
 place amongst the Fellows during the years immediately succeeding their 
 appointment by the Commissioners. On the 27th December 1659 the 
 usher, Henry TiUey, resigned, and John Michaelson was appointed to 
 succeed him. John Harrison, one of the preachers, also left on the 26th 
 December 1660, and Henry Byarde took his place on the 1st January 
 1660/1 ; John ]3radford, the schoolmaster, left about the end of 1661, 
 Michaelson, the usher, being promoted to this office on the 21st February 
 1661/2, and Samuel Paddy appointed usher on the same day. These two 
 last resigned on the 8th July and 17th May respectively, and Samuel 
 Atwood and Francis Brockett took their places on the '28th July. Mr. 
 Brockett was promoted to be schoolmaster on the 20th February 1662/3, 
 vice Atwood resigned, and will be heard of hereafter. 
 
 The year 1664 was a memorable one for the CoUege, for then began the 
 visitation of Archbishop Sheldon, which lasted, with several long adjourn- 
 ments in consequence of the raging of the plague in 1665 and the subse- 
 quent fire of London in 1666, until the 9th October 1667, when the 
 Archbishop published his Injunctions, which became the law of the College 
 until 1724. 
 
 The plague did not spare Dulwich, for the Register records the names of 
 thirty-five persons buried in the churchyard who had died of it. An attempt 
 seems to have been made to set down all the deaths attributable to it, for 
 severd persons are also mentioned as being buried elsewhere. Colonel 
 Lytrott, his wife, four children, and two men-servants died, the Colonel 
 being buried at Camberwell, his wife and children at St. George's, South- 
 wark, whilst the two men, only one of whom died of the plague (the death 
 
148 
 
 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 of the other being attributed to "stone and wind"), were buried at 
 Dulwich. Nicholas Weekes, " the Millar of this Libertie," with his wife 
 and four children, also died of the plague, and several other families lost 
 more than one of their number. A nurse child is buried in two instances 
 without any name being given. The College itself escaped with the loss of 
 two poor scholars, a kitchen boy, and the cook, all of whom died in 
 February and March 1665/6, and were almost the last victims, there 
 being only one more person buried whose death is attributed to the 
 
 plague. 1 A -T 
 
 Mr. Henry Byarde, the second preacher, resigned on the 14th April 
 1665, and on the 22nd April an injunction was received from theArch- 
 bishop ordering the College to " forbeare to proceed to the admission or 
 " election of any pson or psons into such office or offices, place or places 
 " soe void or to be void as aforesaid w*out my consent and_ licence first 
 " had for soe doing, during the continuance of the said visitation and 
 " untill the same shalbe fully ended and concluded." There were, there- 
 fore, only three Fellows from this time until the restoration of the organist's 
 of&ce in 1669. 
 
 On the 5th March 1665/6 an order was made for sending John Small, 
 poor scholar, to Wadham College, Oxford. He was the fifth boy so sent, 
 and graduated B.A. from St. Alban's Hall on the 30th June 1671. On 
 the 25th March John Harper, the usher, resigned, and Koger Bailey, the 
 poor scholar sent to Oxford in 1661, was elected to succeed him, notwith- 
 standiiig the Archbishop's injunction mentioned above, but probably with 
 his consent. On the 4th March 1666/7 a sixth boy, William Waite of St. 
 Saviour's, was sent to Wadham College, Oxford. The court at the time of 
 making the order to send him allotted him £18 per annum for the first 
 four years of residence, and £20 per annum for the last four years, " in 
 " regard his maintenance wilbe greater." This was a reversal of the 
 previous custom, and seems to have been inadvertently done, as at 
 the next audit the allowance was altered to £18 per annum for the 
 whole term of his residence. He left Oxford without obtaining any 
 degree. 
 
 Meanwhile the visitation had proceeded, the Archbishop appointing a 
 Committee, which attended several times at the College. Their report 
 is preserved in Archbishop Sheldon's Register in Lambeth Palace, and 
 also in the Tanner MSS. in the Bodleian Library. 
 
 In the first place, the Committee recommend the retention of the six 
 assistants and the re-establishment of the thirty out-members. 
 Next they report : — 
 
 We find not much to say against their (the fellows) non performance of duty 
 according to the statutes. But as they have been put out of a capacity of doing it in 
 
1667.] REPORT OF THE VISITATION COMMITTEE. 149 
 
 some poynts (as ia wearing of surplices and singing in the quire) by the force of the 
 late tymes of disorder and rebellion. 
 
 They then report : — 
 
 We find the four fellowes have been and yet are apt enough to be petulant and 
 sawcy with the Master and Warden. The reasons of which we conceive to be 
 1. because they are four against two. 2* The Master and Warden being laymen and 
 they priests and University schollers they thinke they have advantage thereby to 
 despise them. Hereupon if your Grace think fit it might be ordayned. (1) That 
 noe vote should be valid unless the Master or Warden or one of them be on the side 
 of the majority. (2) Whereas the Fellowes come to the Chappell in surplices and 
 hoods according to their degrees and the Master and Warden barely in surplices 
 which makes them appear to these young fellowes but as singing men. That for 
 giving them the greater reverence in their outward appearance at the Chappell there 
 might be designed for them some kind of civUl hood upon one shoulder and a Tippett 
 or some such thing before, over their surplices. 
 
 Next, " concerning y° Chappell and Divine Service," they report : — 
 
 We find that the service by statute is appointed to be performed as near as may 
 be to y° forme of y" King's Chappell or S' Peter's Westminster. But that by the 
 iniquity of the late tymes their quire and singing was put down, their organ broken 
 to pieces and carried away, The master Warden and fellows and boys forbidden to 
 weare surplices, their Communion table turned end ways East and West and severall 
 other disorders now crept in and continued to the tyme of this visitation. Whereupon 
 we thought fitt to order them to furnish themselves with surplices, which is done. 
 To place the Communion table as it was long ways against the East wall within the 
 Kaylles of y° Chancell. To bring back the reading desk for the lessons in the middle 
 of their Quire as formerly, and to provide them a Faldastory or Litany Desk there to 
 sing or say the litany, all w"" things are done ; and lastly finding their rents well 
 increased and that they begin to be in stock of money, we have ordered them and 
 they are willing to it, to provide as formerly they had, a small organ fitt for their 
 Chappell, that they may have their service there, according to the statute as near to 
 Cathedrall fashion as may be. 
 
 Next, " concerning the School and SchoUars," they report : — 
 
 We do not find that the orders by statute for the manner and houres of keeping 
 Schoole and teaching y° poore schollers and Foraigners are observed, But we feare 
 that by the passion and indiscretion of the schoolmaster, y° school is not so well 
 governed as it ought, nor in so good reputation as it might be wished. 
 
 After finding sundry small faults, they proceed : — 
 
 We find the allowance for dyet is very short for y° Master Warden and fellows 
 being only about 6* a day for Dyet. 
 
 They then go on to make recommendations as to the revenue, which 
 
I50 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 were all adopted and embodied in the Injunctions which were issued on the 
 9th October 1667, and are in extenso as foUows : — 
 
 Orders, Directions Eules & Injunctions for the better government of the College of 
 Gods Gift in Dulwich, Given at the Visitation of the most Eeverend Father in God, 
 Gilbert by Divine Providence Lord Archbishop of Canterbury, His Grace, Primate of 
 All England & Metropolitan, Visitor of the s* College began the Si:steenth day of July 
 in the Year of our Lord 1664, and of His Graces Translation the Second 
 
 Concerning the number & Quality of Members in the s* College We having in this. 
 Visitation Considered the Disagreement between the number of members of the s* 
 College, as it is first Expressed in the Licence of Foundation, & as afterwards is 
 ordained in & by the Statutes of the s* CoUege do Declare & for the present Direct & 
 Appoint that the number of Members of the s* College be as for the most part hath 
 been practised ever since the Foundation, & as the present state of the s* College doth 
 leqiure, that is to say. That the s* College shall Consist of One Master, one iiWarden, 
 Four Fellows, Six poor Brethren, Six poor Sisters, Twelve poor Scholars, one servant 
 for the Master, one Servant for the Warden, one Porter, one Cooke, one Butler, one 
 Kitchin Boy & Two Husbandmen. All which persons shall be In Members 
 Dwelling within the s* College, and living according to the Statutes, Orders & Eules 
 of the s* CoUege, & shall Eeceive such Wages & Dyet as hereafter is Expressed 
 And also that there shall be one BayHffe to Look to the Woods And one Clarke to make 
 up the Accompts of the s* College accordingly as formerly ever since the Foundation 
 hath been used & accustomed. Which Two last menconed Servants shall not be 
 entertained as In Members, but to be Servants at large, living without the s* College 
 upon such wages only (without Dyett) as hereafter shall be Expressed. 
 
 Moreover, That there shall he as the Statutes do Ordain & Appoint Six Assistants, 
 and also Thirty poor people pensioners of the s* College viz'. Ten out of each of the 
 Three parishes from whence the assistants are to be chosen, that is to say Ten out of 
 the parish of S' Botolphs without Bishopsgate London, Ten others of the parish of S' 
 Saviours Southwarke in the County of Surrey, And Ten others of that part of the 
 parish of S' Giles Cripplegate London, which is in Middlesex, and these latter viz the 
 Six Assistants & Thirty poor to be Out Members & not hving within the s* College. 
 And that their Offices & Duties (unless Dispensed withall by Us or our Successors 
 ArchbP' of Cant Visitors of the s* College) & their Allowances shall be as by the s* 
 Statutes is Sett down & Ordained. 
 
 2. Concerning the Master, Warden, Fellows & all other Members of the s" CoUege. 
 The Superiority of the s* Master & Warden and Obedience of aU others the Inferiors. 
 
 We do Enjoyn, that according to the Statutes, The Master is Chief & next unto 
 him the Warden be by the FeUows & aU Inferiour Members observed in aU things & 
 Obeyed, And that the Master & Warden in their several offices Govern & doe" the 
 Duties of their places with Mildness as well as Authority. We do also as a mark of 
 Distinction & Dignity Appoint & Enjoyn That the Master & Warden shaU & may at 
 all times (if they Please) wear about their necks over their Gowns a Ion" Tippet of 
 Taffaty or Sarcenett & also when they come to Chappel in their SurpUces, they shaU 
 wear such a Tippett as afores* over their Surplices. 
 
 3. Concerning the Chappel & Divine Service 
 
 We do Order and Enjoyn That according as the Statutes of the s" College Ordam, 
 And according as by Our Commissioners in the Visitation We have Directed & 
 
1667.] ARCHBISHOP SHELDON'S INJUNCTIONS. 151 
 
 appointed the Service of God in the Chappel of tlie s* College be observed & performed, 
 as near as may be according to the Patterne of His Majesty's Chappel or S' Peters 
 Church Westminster, And that as near as may be the s* Chappel in all things, be kept 
 Conformeable to His Maj'^" Chappel or S' Peters Church Westminster afores* And 
 that the Master, Warden & Fellows of the s* College forthwith take it into con- 
 sideracon, to provide a good Organ, as formerly there hath been for the Use & 
 more Solemn Service of God in the s* Chappel, which s* Organ shall be provided 
 & Set up in the s* Chappel before our Lady day which shall be in the year of 
 our Lord 1669. 
 
 4. Concerning the School & Scholars. 
 
 We do Admonishthe present School Master & Usher That they be Careful in per- 
 forming their Duty of Instructing the Scholars, as well Foreigners as the Twelve poor 
 Boys of the s* College, & We do Enjoyn them & every future School Master and 
 Usher there. That they Forbear from all passion towards the Scholars, but especially 
 from Blows And that they Give no other correction to any but with the Eod or Ferula 
 & the same with Mildness and Moderation. 
 
 5. Concerning Private Sittings, Publick Audit & private Sitting Days Audit & 
 Treasure Chambers. 
 
 We do Declare That We do think fit in all votes for Letting or Setting of the 
 College Lands, or in any Business concerning the Governing and Ordering of any 
 persons or Affairs of the College, That as the Statutes do Give the Master & Warden 
 Superiority of place, & to the Master a casting Voice when the Votes are equal. So 
 when the Votes are not equal that no Vote of any Major part shall be accounted good 
 & valid. Unless the Master & Warden, or at least One of them be of that side which 
 hath the Major part of votes. And that all Business or Matters which do or may con- 
 cern the s* College be proposed by the Master, or in his Absence by the Warden, or 
 else no Vote to pass. For otherwise the Master & Warden by a combination of the 
 Fellows & others may be made as Cyphers, who by the Statutes (as before is said) are 
 intended & made to be the Chief & Superiors, And therefore We do Enjoyn all the 
 Members of the s* College to acquiesce in this our Determinacon, & for the future to 
 observe & Follow the Directions thereof with aU due Obedience. 
 
 6. Concerning the Orders for the Lands & Revenues of the s* College. 
 
 Whereas We find that for Several Years from & after the Foundation of the s* 
 College, viz. all the Founders Life time, & some time after Divers parcels of Lands 
 were held & kept in the College hands and that for the Management of the Same 
 there were kept & maintained by the College Husbandmen Ploughmen, Ploughs, 
 Teems, Carts and other necessary Implements & Instruments for Husbandry, & also 
 Vessels for Brewing & such like Household Uses which Lands (except some parcels 
 of Land worth ab' £20 p ann.) now for about 30 years since have been Lett out to 
 Tenants, And the s* Ploughs, Teems, Carts, Instruments of Husbandry & Brewing 
 Vessels, have been since sold away or perished & Decayed which appears to be 
 contrary to the Strict Letter of the Statute ; Yet forasmuch as it is Evident the Same 
 was done long before the time of the present Master, Warden & Fellows & by the 
 advice of our predecessor ArchB? Laud at a visitation of the s* College by Him held 
 (as We are credibly informed). We do therefore acquit the s'" Master, Warden & 
 Fellows thereof And do declare our Judgement and Opinion to be. That considering all 
 things. The s* College is not thereby at all Endamaged but that it is rather to the Ease 
 & Benefit of the s* College, And therefore We do think fitt, not to Enjoyn them to 
 Eestore the same or any of them ; Further than that We do appoint & Ordain That 
 
152 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 there shall be kept (in order to the Service of the s* College, & at the Charges of the 
 s* College) Four horses onely, viz : One for the Use of the Master, One for the Use of 
 the Warden & Two others for the General Use of the College, for marketting Horses 
 without allowance of any more Horse or Horses to be kept by or for the Use of any 
 Fellow or other Member of the s* College, than as afore is Expressed. And We do 
 strictly Enjoyn That for hereafter there shall be no alteration made in the Way & 
 Manner of ordering the CoUege Lands and Eevenues from the present Form & Course 
 they are in, but by the knowledge & consent of Us & Our Successors Archbi" of Cant 
 for the time being, the LawfuU Visitors of the s* College. 2^'' Whereas We find that 
 by the Decay of the Fortune Playhouse about 25 years since, the s* College was for 
 many years endamaged in their Eent to the value of ab' £2400 in the whole, & by 
 that means & by the Falling down of one whole side of their College, & a great part of 
 the other side (both which are since substantially built up again) the s* College was 
 not only quite out of Stock but run into Debt also. Yet with much satisfaction We find 
 That the s* College is not only wholely brought out of Debt, but also in full Stock 
 And the Eents & profits of the s* College are so improved & better'd That they are well 
 nigh as high & great as at the First Foundation, and will hereafter be much more 
 Improved by Increase of Eent upon their Lands & Tenements about Dulwich, but 
 especially by Increase of Eent when the present Lease or Leases of the Tenements now 
 Built where the s* Fortune Playhouse did formerly stand, shall be Expired In which 
 We do not only in our Judgement (and as far as in Us lies) acquit the s* Master 
 Warden & Fellows & the whole corporation of the s^ Foundation for what they have 
 done therein, though in Letting those Leases for an Under Eent (which yet in those 
 times of Trouble was proportioned at Two shillings Six pence a Foot, & the Tenant 
 to build at his own Charge) they seem to have Transgress'd against the Statute ; But 
 because We are satisfy'd they have done according to the present Exigence what in 
 prudence & Discretion was best to be done, & by the authority of a Decree in Chancery 
 made to authorize this Leasing since the happy Eestoration of His Majesty, We cannot 
 therefore but think well of their care & Industry in the management thereof ; Onely 
 for the time to come We do order & Enjoyn That neither These nor any other Lease 
 or Leases of any of their Lands or Tenements shall ever be Eenew'd but at the best 
 Improvement & for no Fines, And that before any of their s" Lands or Tenements 
 shall by Lease be Lett out or renew'd The s* Master or Warden & Two of the s* 
 Fellows shall with y° Assistance of some such skilfull person or persons as (if need 
 shall require) they shaU choose, take a Survey or View of such the s* Lands or Tene- 
 ments to be by Lease Eenewed or Lett out, to the End that as well the true value of 
 the s* Lands & Tenements, as also the true state & condition of the same may before- 
 hand be known, & at the next publick audit or sitting Day when such the s* Leases 
 are to be Lett or Eenewed They or one of them shall make a true & just Eeport to the 
 whole Corporation then assembled how they find the same. That the s* CoUege by 
 Ignorance or Inadvertency may not Suffer any Detriment in the Lettin<T of'' their 
 Leases, And moreover We enjoyn That neither for those nor any other such Leases 
 They or their Successors do presume to make any Bargain or contract contrary to the 
 Eule of their Statutes & this present Injunction, upon any pretence of Eeason whatso- 
 ever, without first consulting & obtaining the consent of Us & our Successors Visitors 
 of the s^ College as afores*. 
 
 w VI"^ the better preserving their Lands, that theybe not by any encroached upon 
 We do Enjoyn the s" Master Warden & Fellows that they cause a perfect Terrier or 
 Boundary to be made of all & every their Lands & Tenements every where lyina 
 
166;.] ARCHBISHOP SHELDON'S INJUNCTIONS. 153 
 
 And that tliey Express therein the nature of their Land, whether Arable, pasture, 
 meadow or Woodland And also a perfect Ilentall of all their Lands & Tenements as 
 they are now Lett, with the names of their Tenants their Rents & number of Acres, 
 And that they likewise make or cause to be made a several Duplicate of the s* Terrier 
 & Eent Eoll, & that they Affix unto each part of the s* several Duplicates, the 
 comon Seal of the College, one of which Terriers & Eent EoUs shall Eemain in y* 
 College Chest of Muniments, & the other shaU be Delivered unto Us, to be kept in 
 the Archbishops Piincipal Eegistry amongst the Publick Eecords there. And more- 
 over We do Enjoyn That there be Three copies made of the s* Terrier which shall be 
 Delivered to the Assistants to be kept, one in each parish from whence the s* 
 Assistants are to be chosen And that this be done before the Feast of S' John the 
 Baptist next ensuing. We do also Enjoyn that every seventh year from henceforth 
 the Master Warden Eellows & Assistants or the major part of them do according, to 
 the s* Terrier Survey the s* Lands & make Eequest unto Us & our Successors how 
 they find the State of their Lands And if it shall be required shall deliver in at that 
 time such another perfect Terrier as afores* or else certify that the former Terrier in 
 all points stands good as when it was first made. We do further Enjoyn That every 
 Third year they shall Deliver to Us or our Successors a new Eent Eoll of all their 
 Lands & Tenements, That the Change of their Tenants & Eents may always appear & 
 be known We do further Enjoyn that at or before the Eeast of S' John the Baptist 
 next ensuing They give in unto us or our successors a particular of their woods what 
 Timber there is in them, and into how many PaUs their Coppices are Divided, and 
 what number of Acres is in every Fall. 
 
 7. Concerning the Disposing of the College Eevenues and the particular Allow- 
 ances out of the same. 
 
 Whereas We find Divers Imperfections in the way by the Statutes set for the 
 Disposing of the College Eevenue & in & concerning the allowances out of the same 
 particularly the Allowances for Dyett to the Master Warden & Fellows poor Scholars 
 & Servants being set down to scanty short, & Disagreeing in one place with another. 
 Many expences being omitted which are necessary, & some appointed which never 
 were in practice We do therefore hereby declare. Direct & appoint That for the timo 
 to come (tin a better settlement can be established) The College Eevenues & Profits, 
 and the allowances out of the same shall be Disposed of & allowed after the propor- 
 tions following that is to say 
 
 1. Imprimis the Master Warden & Fellows Dyet to be £ s. d. 
 
 increased from 10' a year a piece to 15' a piece, in all 
 
 yearly . . . . . . . 90 
 
 2. The poor Scholars & Eight servants allowance which is about 
 
 3* 9" a Day a piece to be made up 6^ a Day a piece in all 182 
 
 3. The poor Brethren & Sisters Bread & Beer to each 2* a day 
 
 In all yearly 
 
 4. The Masters Pencon yearly 
 
 5. The Wardens pencon yearly 
 
 6. The two first Fellows pencon yearly 
 
 7. The two second Fellows pencon yearly 
 
 8. The 12 poor brothers & Sisters allowance in money at 4* 
 
 a piece a Day p aun .... 
 
 9. Their 12 gowns once in 2 years at 20' a gown pr annum 
 VOL. I. 
 
 M 
 
 36 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 40 
 
 
 
 
 
 30 
 
 
 
 
 
 24 
 
 
 
 
 
 20 
 
 
 
 
 
 73 
 
 
 
 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 
 
 u 
 
 
 
£ 
 
 s. 
 
 D 
 
 30 
 
 
 
 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 
 
 39 
 
 
 
 
 
 15 
 
 
 
 
 
 56 
 
 10 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 
 
 660 10 
 
 
 
 1 54 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a-d. 
 
 10. The 12 poor scholars apparel yearly 
 
 11. The six assistants Horse Hire yearly 
 
 12. The Thirty Outmemhers at Sixpence pr Week a piece yearly 
 
 13. Their Gowns at 20" a piece once in two years is yearly 
 
 14. The Eight Servants within the s* College together with y* 
 
 Bailiff of the Woods & the Clk of the Accounts being 
 Serv" out of the College their Wages altogether shall not 
 exceed the sum of £56 yearly And shall be appointed 
 & paid to them severally according as the Master & 
 Warden shall be able to make the best & the cheapest 
 agreement with them, And if any overplus of the s* £56 
 shall be & Eemain yearly, it shall be put to the comon 
 stock and Dividend ..... 
 
 15. Augmentation of Dyett upon Feasting Days 
 
 16. Four Feasting Days to the poor Brethren & Sisters 
 
 Sum Total yearly 
 
 So then the Eents & Yearly profits coming into the s* College being as We are well 
 satisfy'd one year with another eight hundred pounds a year at this present, and there 
 being at this time full one hundred pounds in Stock in the College chest, as the 
 statutes Requires, there will remain after all these Allowances Defrayed over & above 
 the said £660. 10. 0. the sum of £139. 10. 0., which we do Direct & appoint to be 
 disposed as FoUoweth 
 
 1. For placing out Boys to the University & to be Apprentices 
 
 y"'' £40 
 
 2. For the Eeparacon of Camerwell Highways according to 
 
 the statute of the s* College yearly . . . 10 
 
 3. For EeparaSons & all other Incident charges yearly . 89 10 
 
 And whereas the above mentioned allowances of Money & Gowns to the 30 poor 
 outmembers, and the £10 yearly for Eepair of Camerwell Highways have not for 
 these many years been paid, yet being fully satisfy'd that they are Works of Great 
 Charity & publick Benefitt, And that it was the Founder's true Intention they 
 should be paid, We do therefore appoint that between Michlms & Christmas next 
 ensuing The said poor shall have each of them a Gown of the price aforesaid. And 
 that from & after our Lady Day which shall be in the Year of our Lord 1669 They 
 shall each of them weekly have their allowance money of sixpence p week, to be paid 
 them, as the statutes do Direct, and so from year to year ever after to continue and 
 that at our Lady Day next 1668 They shaU pay to the amendment of the Hiah'ways 
 between the s* College & Camerwell £10 to be employed for that good & publick 
 Work as the statutes do Direct & so from year to year ever thereafter to continue the 
 same. We do also further enjoyn That the warden who by statute is to make the 
 college accounts shall yearly make his accounts according to the forementioned heads 
 and particulars, that the accounts may be yearly certain. And that the accounts shall 
 not exceed the s proportions. And in case there shall be any thing saved over & 
 above all the above menconed allowances it shall be put into the common chest as an 
 addition & Increase of the Common Stock. ' 
 
1667.] THE CHURCHWARDENS' DEMANDS. 15S 
 
 We do further enjoyn that if at any time there shall arise any Difference about 
 any thing in the s* Statutes or in these our Injunctions, Orders & Directions contained 
 That the Master, Warden & Fellows, nor any person or persons therein concerned, 
 presume to advise conclude or do any thing therein without first consulting us or our 
 successors & Eeceiving our Judgement & Determination therein. 
 
 Lastly We do Order & Enjoyn That until a more perfect and better settlement of 
 the s* College by His Majestys Gracious Favour, Goodness & Authority shall be 
 obtained These our present Directions, orders & Injunctions shall be firmly kept, 
 observed & obeyed by all & every the members of the s* College & all persons therein 
 concerned, under pain of contempt, if they or any of them shall oppose or fail 
 therein. 
 
 Given at our palace at Lambeth under our ArchiSpal Seal the Ninth day of 
 October in the year of our Lord 1667, And of our Translation the fifth. 
 
 The churcli wardens immediately claimed the gowns awarded by these 
 injunctions to the thirty out-members, but the Warden appears to have 
 hesitated to provide them; so on the 21st December 1667 the Archbishop 
 sent the following peremptory letter (MSS. vi. 25) : — 
 
 S"" and Gent". It is my Lord's order and Injunction that the 30 poore shaU 
 have their gownds against this Christmas, and the words of y" Injunction in y' 
 pticular are plaine, my Lord would have it soe or thinking it most reasonable they 
 should now have gownds being not to receive any money tiU Lady day 1669. This 
 in [mutilated] because of my present hast : if I had not been lately ill of a fitt of the 
 gowte I had come over to you myselfe before this to have acquainted you with the 
 whole, which you have now received under my Lord's scale, to which I doubt not but 
 you will all yield ready compliance. I am, S' and Gentlemen 
 
 you' very faithfull friend & servant 
 Lambeth House December 21. 67. Miles Smith. 
 
 Miles Smith was the Archbishop's secretary. 
 
 The churchwardens of St. Saviour's had two days before formally 
 made application for the govsois as follows (MSS. vi. 77) : — 
 
 Gentlemen. According to y° order of my Lords Grace of Canterbury w"" wee have 
 received wee desire you to send by this bearer James Lee (one of our Church officers) 
 the ten pound for gownes for M' Alleyn's poore members in his Almes houses in our 
 parish that they may have them before the winter is too farre spent, and in order 
 thereunto wee have sent you by him a receipt under our hands who are ; 
 
 your loving friends 
 
 Will Cannon 1 rv, v, a 
 
 Dat at S* Saviours Southwarke Cheistophee Marshall | ^^^^cnwardens 
 
 19'" of December 1667. 
 
 The money was actually paid on the 31st December, the receipts from 
 the churchwardens of the three parishes being preserved at Dulwich. 
 (MSS. vi. 26.) 
 
i';6 
 
 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 [a.d. 
 
 The Arclibisliop's Injunctions were issued on the 9th of October 1667, 
 and on the same day the Visitation Conimissioners made two Orders of 
 Eelaxation, in the first of which they "declare and by these presents 
 " certifie that the Master Warden & ffellowes have fully & pfectly answered 
 " to the saide Articles of visitacon. And their Acco*' have bene by_ us 
 " duely examined & enquired into according to the tenour of our Comission. 
 " And moreover that y° visitacon of the said Colledge by vertue of the 
 "said Comission, is by us this day fully compleate & ended." And in the 
 second, premising that " whereas a large retrospeccon into y° Acco*" of the 
 " sd Colledge for about 24 yeares then last past ending in february 1664 
 " hath by the said Com" bene made & a report thereof to y' sd L* Arch B^ 
 " amongst other things concerning y" sd Colledge hath bene delivered in 
 " wherewith and with the Integritie of y* sd Master & Warden in y* said 
 " Acco*' the s* L* Arch B" remaineth fully satisfied," they proceed to order 
 that the seven last accounts be signed by the society ; and accordingly on 
 the 4th March 1667/8 these were signed by the Master, Warden, three 
 Fellows, and the Assistants ; Mr. Brockett, the preacher, appending to his 
 signature the words " according to the Ar. Bp. order." 
 
 The terrier of the College lands which the Master, Warden, and Fellows 
 were ordered to prepare by the 6th article of the Injunctions, was completed 
 on the 6th of June 1668, and a copy of it is stUl at Dulwich, but in a 
 rather mutilated state (MSS. vi. 29). It is as follows : — 
 
 A Terrier of the lands tenements and woods belonging to God's Gift College in 
 Dulwich, finished June y° 6"" 1668. 
 
 Acres. Perches. Benta. 
 
 4 fields called Nappes conteyning 23 Acres 
 
 John sen' the TylKiln of Ambrose 
 
 4 fields & another tenement w"' a close adjoin cont^ in all 
 
 Kichard Dawlman, two parcells of land cont^ 
 
 Eoger Hirsnett Esq' a Brick Messuage with Barn, Stable & 
 
 2 Fields cent. ..... 
 
 Thos 'VVingfield a messuage. Barn & Stable & 3 fields cont" 
 
 W™ Matthew a messuage, IJarn, Stable and 6 Fields cont^ 
 
 Tho° Wrench a Messuage Barn etc & 4 fields cont^ . 
 
 Nich' Badger Messuage &c several Fields containing 
 
 Nich' Badger, another Field cont^ . 
 
 Tho: Hammond Messuag &c & 5 Closes cont^ 
 
 Gibb: East 2 Fields cont^ .... 
 
 W" Strode, Messuage &c & several parcels of Land cont^ 
 S' John Lenthall, Messuage &c 4 Fields cont^ 
 Bethin Downes, Messuage & & 2 parcells of L* cony^ 
 Michael Web, Messuage called Dulwich Court &c & several 
 
 parcells of Land cout^ 
 
 23 
 
 1 
 
 13 
 
 4 
 
 15 
 
 8i 
 37 
 18 
 19 
 12 
 11 
 
 5 
 87 
 17 
 24 
 
 129 
 
 35 
 
 15 
 
 13 
 
 15 
 
 18 
 16 
 
 9 
 11 
 
 5 
 62 
 11 
 24 
 
 84 
 
[668.] 
 
 THE COLLEGE TERRIER. 
 
 157 
 
 Tho Blechinden a Messuage &c 2 parcells of Land conty 
 Dan Scrivener a messuage &c & several parcells of Land 
 conty ....... 
 
 Geo Portman, A messuage & several parcells of Land cont^ 
 
 Tho. Cranwill, Messuage &c & 3 Fields cent 
 
 Abyjah Perry Messuage &c & 3 cent 
 
 Favor Barret Messuage a Parcell of L* cont . 
 
 Jolm Robinson Messuage &c & a piece of L* cont . 
 Nich* Thurman The Mansion house called Halls Place w' 
 
 several Fields and parcells of Ground cont 
 Dionis Messuage cont 
 
 •ry Eaison a small Tenem' & Backside . 
 
 Delver a Tenement & Land cont 
 Ealph Crane Miller, The Mill, a House and Close adjoin^ 
 cont ...... 
 
 Charles Cox Messuage &c & several parcells of L* cont^ 
 
 hard Messuage &c & 6 Parcells of L* cont 
 
 a Field cont. .... 
 
 Messuage &c & a piece of L* cont . 
 
 Jo Caley Messuage &c & a piece of Land cont 
 
 Silvester Cutter a piece of Ground cont 
 
 Eich* Wells Two Tenements &q w'" Land adjoining cont 
 
 Copyholders of Dulwich. 
 
 Acres. Perches. Rents. 
 5 6 
 
 14 
 45 
 
 510i 
 
 36 
 
 12 
 
 11 
 
 2 
 
 25 
 36 
 43 
 
 lU 
 
 17 
 26 
 17 
 6 
 8 
 3 
 6 
 
 264i 
 
 15 
 34 
 
 67 
 
 roods 
 3 
 
 30 
 
 rood 
 
 1 
 
 369 15 
 17 
 12 
 
 9 
 
 6 
 
 20 
 
 30 
 
 21 
 
 1 
 
 11 
 
 7 
 20 
 8 
 4 
 7 
 3 
 8 
 
 Prestcoat 
 Staples 
 Hathway 
 Dawlman 
 
 Acres. 
 
 £. 
 
 s. 
 
 D. 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 1 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 4 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 16 
 
 5 8 
 
 10 
 
 10 
 
 30 192 
 
 Acres. Perches. 
 
 510J 67 369 15 
 
 264J 30 192 
 
 Sum of Acres & Rents 
 London 
 
 Burrigde the Messu 
 
 11 small tenem" 
 
 Cotton Oaed for his 
 
 775 
 
 17 561 15 
 
iS8 
 
 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. 
 
 [ad. 
 
 Cross Street being 
 
 W" Beaven for 22 
 
 of the Fortune p 
 
 W» Beaven for 2 M 
 
 W" Beaven for 4 M 
 
 Lands in 
 
 The Brownings cont 
 
 The Howletts cont 
 
 The College Woods. 
 
 Vicars Oak Coppice cont 
 
 Kings Coppice cont 
 
 Fourty acres Coppice cont 
 
 Low Cros'< Coppice cont . 
 
 Peckamins Coppice cont. 
 
 Giles's Coppice The Park & Ambrook Hill 
 
 Fifty Acres Coppice 
 
 Acres. 
 32 
 39 
 25 
 32 
 44 
 47 
 49 
 
 268 
 
 At the audit on the 4th March 1668/9, the accounts showed £223. 9s. 2d. 
 to the credit of the College, with arrears amounting to £15. This was the 
 last account presented by Eaph Alleyn as Warden, for on the 15th March 
 Thomas Alleyn died, and he succeeded him as Master. 
 
1669.] [ 159 ] 
 
 CHAPTER VI. 
 
 HISTORY OP DULWICH COLLEGE FROM 1669 TO 1686. 
 
 The accession of Eaph Alleyn to the Mastership necessitated a new election 
 of Warden, which was held on the 5th April 1669. 
 
 The following is the account of the proceedings from the audit book : — 
 
 At a court holden at God's guift colledge in Dulwich in the county of Surrey on 
 Monday the fifte day of Aprill An° Dni 1669 for the Eleccon of a Warden upon the 
 death of Thomas Alleyn late Master of y* said Colledge. 
 
 This court being assembled in the Chappell of the said Colledge after service & 
 sermon ended, did proceed .to the Eleccon of a Warden according to their statutes : 
 At w"" time (there being one Elias Alleyn and one John Alleyn a surgeon who stood 
 competitors to draw Lotts for y° said place of warden) the Kings ma"" Mandamus 
 under his privy-signet bearing date at Whitehall the third day of Aprill 1669 appear- 
 ing for & on the behalfe of John Alleyn of S' Margrett neere Eochester in y* countie 
 of Kent Gent & by him brought & psented to this court for y" said place of Warden, 
 w""" said Mandamus followeth in these words viz' 
 
 Charles R 
 Trusty and welbeloved Wee greet you weU. Whereas wee have been giuen to 
 xmderstand, that Edward Alleyn by Lres Patents bearing date j' 21"" day of June in 
 y° 17"" yeare of the raigne of Our Eoyall Grandfather King James of happy memory 
 founded and erected a colledge in Dulwich in our county of Surrey, consisting of a 
 Lay ffoundacon ; and in y* sd Lres patents Power was giuen to make statutes for the 
 s* colledge not repugnant to y' Eoyall Prerogative of our said Grandfather, One 
 whereof is, that y° master and warden of y° said Colledge shalbe of his blood & 
 sirname, for euer, if unmarried & found then in being : And whereas Our trusty & 
 welbeloved John Alleyn hath humbly represented unto us, that y" wardenship of that 
 CoUedge is become void by y" death of Thomas Alleyn y° last master & that hee y* 
 sd John Alleyn is the next of kin by blood and sirname & thereby as well as to all 
 intents & purposes fitly capable of the same, marriage excepted. Wee haue thought 
 fitt hereby to dispense w"" the said John Alleyn in that particular & signifie our 
 pleasure to you, and accordingly Our will & pleasure is & we doe hereby comand you 
 to elect him y* said John Alleyn Warden of y' sd Colledge of Dulwich, w'" aU & 
 singular y* rights priviledges & advantages thereto belonging, any locall statute or 
 consticucon of y° same to y" contrary notwithstanding, w"" w"*" wee are pleased to 
 dispense. And soe wee bid you farewell. Given at our Court at Whitehall y" 3'* 
 day of Aprill 1669 in y* 21'" yeare of our Eaigne. 
 
 By his ma"" Comand Aelington 
 
 To our Trusty & welbeloved y' Master Fellowes & Assistants of God's Guift 
 Colledge in Dulwich in our county of Surrey or to any of them 
 
i6o HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 Whereupon this Court seriously debating & deliberating upon his Ma"" said 
 Mandamus together ■w"' the statutes & Ordinances of y" said Colledge for y* eleccon of 
 a Warden doth find That in the preamble of y* said statutes (w"'' are agreeable to y* 
 Lres patents of Incorporacon) y' Founder of y° Colledge was not impowered to make 
 any statutes w""" should be repugnant to y° prerogative Eoyall, Upon "w"'' cou- 
 sideracon, Wee the Master ffellowes & Assistants of y" sd Colledge in Court present 
 In obedience to his Ma" comands haue elected the said John Alleyn to be Warden of 
 y* said Colledge, And hee is to enter into a statute of one thousand pounds before 
 y' Lord Cheife Justice of England to Eaph Alleyn Gent M' of y° said Colledge & 
 William Carter senior ffellowe thereof on or before the twentieth day of Aprill 
 instant next ensewing y" date hereof for y° discharging of his wardenshippe 
 according to the statutes of this colledge & thereupon hee is to bee sworne & 
 admitted : In testimony whereof wee haue hereunto set our hands this fifte day of 
 Aprill 1669. 
 
 Raph Alleyn Master Geo Heginbothom 
 
 William Carter "i Edward Underwood 
 
 FFRANCIS EROCKETT >- ffellowes JONADAB BaTTAM 
 
 William Usborne ) W" Watts 
 
 Thomas Wells 
 Edward Abbot 
 
 ► Assistants 
 
 And the said John Alleyn, the Warden, did enter into a statute of one thousand 
 pounds, before the Lord Cheife Justice of England according to the Colledge statutes 
 & M' Carter the senior fellow did giue him his Oath in the Chappell, according to the 
 Statutes. 
 
 Mr. John Alleyn, being thus installed Warden, paid nine sliiUings 
 and sixpence "for bread and bcere when he "was elected warden 5*'' 
 " Aprill." 
 
 Though they obeyed the king's mandate, the Society do not seem to 
 have given the new "Warden a very warm welcome, refusing to admit his 
 wife into the CoUege. He appealed to the Visitor, and read the following 
 letter to the Court, at the audit of the 4th September 1669 (MSS 
 vi. 31):— 
 
 Sirs, At the desire of the Warden, I have thought good to let you understand that 
 the Warden after his Election and Admission brought first his goods, and after that 
 bis wife w'" an intention to reside in y' college. But says he found some difficulty in 
 y* first, and as to the last an absolute unwillingness in y" master unless as to that 
 point the warden should bring some superior mandamus of Authority. Whereupon 
 the Warden made his adresse to my L* of Canterbury, and from him by me received 
 this Answer. That as he had nothing to doe in the bringing of him to y° Warden- 
 ship, so he did not thinte fit to have any thing to doe now that' he was admitted to y* 
 bringing in of his Wife [mutilated], he declared his opinion that the [Kinj Jiaving] 
 dispenced w'" him being a married man lor the place, He thought the other was a 
 necessary consequence, And therefore promised, that if y" Master would receive the 
 Warden's wife into y' College, He would neither give y' Master nor any one else any 
 
1669.] AN ORGANIST APPOINTED. i6r 
 
 trouble in that point, And w*" this I did at once my selfe acquaint the Master, And 
 being now agayne requested, doe at this time say the same unto you all. And am 
 Lambeth September S" y' very humble serv' 
 
 r2M669. M. Smyth. 
 
 This letter, which is somewhat mutilated, is endorsed — " This letter 
 " was read at a courtt of Assistants Satterd. 4 Sept 1669, brought by Mr. 
 " John Alleyn the warden to admit his wife into the Colledge, but nil 
 " granted." 
 
 At this audit the new Master cleared his accounts as Warden, and 
 showed an amount of £182. Is. 8d. due to the College. Putting £100 
 into the treasury chest, he paid over the remaining £82. Is. 8d. to the 
 Warden. 
 
 At. this time also William Jenkins, scrivener, formerly a poor scholar, 
 was appointed clerk of the College. He had been authorized by power of 
 attorney from the College to receive rents as far back as 1646 (MSS. vi. 14), 
 but whether because he was then acting as deputy, or because it was not 
 considered wise to make an appointment during the Commonwealth, he 
 had never hitherto been regularly nominated. 
 
 On the 19th October in this year the vacancy of the organist's oflSce, 
 which had existed since 1643, was filled up, the Archbishop sending the 
 following letter : — 
 
 Sirs, I have heard a very good report of the bearer M' Forcer, both of his skill in 
 Musick, which may render him very fitt to be your Organist, and of his civill 
 demeanour and sobriety of life, which may recomend him for your society. If there- 
 fore you shall chuse him your organist I thinke you will doe yourselves a good office 
 and that which wilbe acceptable to me who am 
 
 Your very affectionate freind, 
 Lambeth House October 19, 1669 Gn.B: Cant. 
 
 For my very good freinds the Master, Warden 
 and FeUowes of God's guift CoUedge at Dulwich. 
 
 o" 
 
 The records add : — 
 
 On Monday the 25"" October 1G69 M' John Alleyn, warden of this colledge gave 
 the usuaU Oath prescribed in the statutes of the colledge to the above named M' 
 Francis Forcer and afterwards he was admitted and made a ffellow and Organist of 
 the said Colledge upon his Grace the Lord of Canterbury's letter above written (He 
 being our special! visitor) without drawing any lott for the said place. 
 
 Lucia, the wife of the Warden, had died on the 8th October 1669, and 
 was buried in the chapel on the 12th, and the objections to him on the 
 part of the Society were thus removed ; but difficulties arose elsewhere, for 
 
 VOL. I. ^ 
 
i62 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 the Tanner MSS. contain a statement by Sir Robert Wyseman and others 
 to King Charles II., complaining that he (John Alley n) obtained his 
 mandamus on the statement that the first Master and Warden appointed by 
 the Founder were married men, but that he omitted to state that these 
 appointments were made by the Founder before his statutes were framed, 
 and that, moreover, the Master and Warden so appointed by him received 
 no emoluments during the Founder's Hfetime. 
 
 Upon this the king issued a new mandamus voiding the election of 
 John AUeyn, and recommending Elias AUeyn. The consequent proceed- 
 ings of the Society are succinctly recorded in the audit book as follows : — 
 
 "Whereas at a Court of Assistants held at Gods guift CoUedge in Dulwicli in the 
 countie of Surrey on Monday y° S"" of Aprill 1669 M' John Alleyn (notwithstanding 
 he was then a married man) was elected Warden of this coUedge by vertue of the 
 Kings ma" Letter of dispensacon and mandamus. As by the said Mandate & order 
 of court made thereupon entred into this Eegister booke may appeare. 
 
 And whereas on y° 4"" day of March 1669 at a Court of Assistants then held at y" 
 said Colledge for the auditing the accompts of the warden, his ma'^ was pleased to 
 send another Letter under his privy signet by one Elias Alleyn, declaring thereby all 
 acts & proceedings upon y" former Ire to be void & of none effect, w"" in obedience 
 thereunto was pformed accordingly. A true copy whereof foUoweth in those words viz' 
 
 Charles K 
 
 Trusty and welbeloved. We greet you well. Whereas Elias Alleyn haueing by 
 his humble peticon informed us, that one John Alleyn had unduly obtained our 
 Eoyall Dispensation to be warden of the colledge of Gods guift in Dulwich w"'in our 
 county of Surrey, contrary to y' Ordinances & statutes of the said Colledge We 
 were gratiously pleased to referre the consideracon of the matter in question unto 
 some Civilians of our counsell learned. Who haue reported unto us, that the said John 
 Alleyn haueing surreptitiously procured our said Dispensation, by concealing such 
 truths of the said Ordinances as were substantially necessary to be made knowne unto 
 us, and suggesting what was not true therein, both our Dispensation & y" said Alleyn's 
 admittance by vertue thereof are void. We are therefore upon better informacon 
 desirous to redresse & remoue those abuses in the said Colledge w""* haue or may 
 follow upon such fallacious proceedings, and doe accordingly declare Our Dispensation 
 soe procured as aforesaid to be utterly voyd, & of noe effect, hereby revoking y° 
 same & annulling all Acts done in pursuance thereof. And whereas we haue receaved 
 good testimony of y° Loyalty of hun y* said Elias Alleyn, & also of his fitness & 
 capacity according to y' statutes of the Colledge to be chosen Warden thereof. We 
 have thought fitt to recomend him in very particular manner unto you That at your 
 next Audit you elect & admit him Vfarden of the same. And soe we bid you fare- 
 well. Giuen at Our Court at Whitehall y' first day of March 1669, in the two and 
 twentieth yeare of our llaigne 
 
 By his Ma"" Coffiand, 
 
 J. Teevoe. 
 To our Trusty & Welbeloued the Master 
 
 Fellowes & Assistants of Gods Guift Colledge 
 
 in Dulwich in our county of Surrey. 
 
1672.] RE-ELECTION OF THE WARDEN. 163 
 
 And at a Court of Assistants held at Gods guift Colledge in Dulwich the said 
 4'* of March 1669, upon reading of his Ma" said Letters then brought by the said 
 Elias Alleyn the ■whole court resolued to attend y° Lords Grace of Canterbury (speciall 
 visitor of y° said Colledge) w'" his mat" said Ire to crane his advice therein who 
 accordingly went, viz' John Alleyn y" late "Warden, W" Carter, ffrancis Crockett, 
 firancis tforcer ffellowes & Edward LTnderwood, Nathaniel Mills, "W™ Wilson. Michael 
 Hart, Tho. "WeUs & Edward Abbot y° 6 Assistants who stating y' case to his Grace, 
 Hee thereupon (and upon hearing his mat' Letter read) advised to choose the said 
 Warden againe he being then a single pson and every way qualified for y* place 
 according to y' statutes. 
 
 Now at a Court of Assistants held at God's guift Colledge in Dulwich on Monday 
 the 21" of March 1669 for the Eleccon of a Warden, upon notice given according to 
 the statutes ; appeared the aforesaid John Alleyn, a single pson & next of kinne & of 
 the blood & siruame of the Founder of the Colledge (as he then made it apparent) and 
 desired to be elected Warden of the said Colledge according to y° Ordinances thereof 
 in y° case provided there being noe other single pson equalL in blood and condicon to 
 stand in competicon w"* him : And then & there also appeared y" aforesaid Elias 
 Alleyn who did not, nor could make it out that he was of the blood but only of the 
 sirname of the Founder. Whereupon the whole Court proceeded to the Election of a 
 Warden and did then & there unanimously elect and choose the aforesaid John Alleyn 
 to be warden of the said CoUedge accordingly. 
 
 In the following year (26tli November 1671), Mr. Forcer, the organist, 
 resigned, and the College allowed the appointment to lapse to the Arch- 
 bishop, who sent the following letter through his secretary : — 
 
 Gentlemen, My Lord hath comanded me to signifie unto you That He under- 
 stands that one of your ffeUowships being y* Organist's place in your CoUedge is at 
 this time void, by the resignation of M' fforcer and that for want of your supplying 
 y' place by Lott according to y" statutes of your Colledge, the Eleccon or nominacon of 
 one for y* place is devolved unto his Grace. His Grace therefore not being willing to 
 make himselfe a Judge of that profession of Musicke hath deputed you the Master 
 and Warden of y* said Colledge in his stead to elect choose and admit into y' said 
 place such person as you in your judgments (you the Warden especially being skilled 
 in musick) shall think fitt for it. And- because His Grace hath heard very well of _a 
 young man one Albertus Bryan, both for his sobriety of Life and good Proficiency in 
 Musick and skiU upon y" Organ, His Grace therefore recommends him to your con- 
 sideracon, to be elected into that place if you the Warden shall in your judgment 
 approve him as fitt for it And soe, I rest, your most humble Servant 
 
 Miles Smyth 
 Lambeth House hy his Graces Command. 
 
 Jan 10. 1671/2. 
 
 Mr. Albertus Bryan, being found fit, was accordingly admitted on the 
 same day. 
 
 The preacher, Mr. George Alleyn, had resigned on the 1st November 
 1670, but the oflBce was not filled up until the 16th May 1672, when Mr. 
 
1 64 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 Eobert Bond was admitted by virtue of an appointment of the Arch- 
 bishop. 
 
 In January 1670 the Warden received the honorary degree of D.C.L. from 
 the University of Oxford. A copy of his Diploma, which is preserved in 
 the Dulwich MSS. (vi. 25), states that the degree is granted, _" ex commen- 
 " datione celsissimi principis Gulielmi Henrici principis Arausionensis." * 
 
 Though thus honoured, and firmly established in his Wardenship, Dr. 
 John AUeyn does not appear to have agreed with his colleagues _ in the 
 College, for in 1673 he seems to have been accused of not bringing into his 
 account a sum of 30s. which he received, and the Archbishop interfered in 
 the matter. On the 15th February 1673/4 he writes the following letter 
 to the Archbishop's secretary, Dr. Thomson : — 
 
 S'. I delivered his graces letter to y' master yesterday as I was ordered before y" 
 fellows and I have thought to signifie to you what acception it had, which was with a 
 thunderclapp of iU language and opprobrious terms, with " Sirrah to me " at every 
 word and y" divvell led me to doe it, with grinning his teeth at me and if he durst for 
 fear of himself, I believe would have struck, wishing that he were but 20 years 
 younger what he would do to me, terming my petition a libell which language is fitter 
 for BUlingsgate shrew than for a master of a coUedge. &c &c 
 
 Thereupon the Archbishop wrote to the Society, asking " What quarrels 
 " and differences have arisen between the Governors or any of them and 
 " whether have they grown so high as that some of them have forborne to 
 " receive y* holy communion at such times as by your statutes you ought to 
 " doe." 
 
 At the audit on the 4th March 1673/4 the funds in hand amounted to 
 X35. 2s. Id., and the Warden was allowed by the Court to take £70 from 
 the £100 deposited in the treasury chest on the 4th September 1669 by 
 Kaph Alleyn, in order to send Thomas Eichardson of Bishopsgate and 
 William Stuart of Southwark to Queen's College, Cambridge, and to allow 
 them £18 per annum each during the first four, and £20 during the last 
 four years. The remaining £30 was taken for the general use of the 
 College at the succeeding audit in September ; and on the 4th March 
 1675/6 an order was made to send Benjamin Bynes of Southwark also to 
 Queen's College, Cambridge, with the same allowance. Thus, in all, nine 
 boys had been sent to the Universities since the foundation. Of the last 
 three so sent Thomas Eichardson graduated B.A. in 1678, William Stuart 
 did not proceed to any degree, and Benjamin Bynes was admitted B.A. in 
 1679 and M.A. in 1683, and subsequently became a Fellow of Dulwich 
 College. 
 
 * On the recommendation of tlie iUustrious Prince "William Henry, Prince of Orange (afterwards 
 "William III.), who also received the degree of D.C.L. on the same dav. " 
 
1 6 7 :•] THE THIRTY UT-MEMBERS. 165 
 
 The Injunctions of Archbishop Sheldon had not been received by the 
 Fellows without demur, the points especially objected to being the pay- 
 ments to the thirty out-members, the allowance of a horse and of servants to 
 the Master and Warden, and the payment of £10 per annum for the repairs 
 to the highways. So early as the 5th February 1668 the following protest 
 was entered in the weekly account-book of the Warden : — " Memorandum 
 " that I Eoger Baily have subscribed to an allowance for the M' and 
 " Wardens men onely by reason of my L** of Canterbury (our visitors) 
 " injunctions in that point. Upon the same ground I William Carter have 
 " also subscribed to the same allowance : and I Francis Brockett et sic de 
 " cseteris supra et infra." * 
 
 They afterwards became bolder, and strongly maintained that the 
 Archbishop had no power to make these orders, especially that enjoining 
 the payments of pensions to the thirty out-members, which they contended 
 was contrary to the deed of uses, and consequently not within his rights as 
 Visitor. About this time they also refused to sign the Warden's accounts 
 containing these payments. The Warden, therefore, had for some 
 time past allowed them to fall in arrear ; so the churchwardens 
 appealed to the Archbishop, who appointed a new Commission to visit 
 the College. 
 
 This Commission, on the 2nd April 1677, made the following order : — 
 
 Mondaythe Second day of Aprill Anno Domini 1677 in the dyneing roome within 
 the Doctors Commons London before the right worp" S' Kobert Wiseman Knight, 
 George Cheete Esq Eobert Thompson Doctor of Lawes John Eeading & Peter Eich 
 Esq"' Comissioners (amongst others) appointed and authorized by the most Eeverend 
 ffather in God Gilbert by Divine Providence Lord ArchBipp of Canterbury liis Grace 
 Primate of all England & Metropolitan to visitt Gods guift Coll edge, vulgarly called 
 Dullw"" Colledge in the county of Surrey of the ffoundacon of Edward AUeyn esquire 
 present Thomas TyUott notary Publique. 
 
 Which day the said Comissioners did order the Churchwardens of the respective 
 parishes of S' GUes Cripplegate, S' Buttolph's Bishopsgate London, and of S' Saviours 
 in the Burrough of Southwarke to goe to the aforesaid God's guift CoUedge and to 
 demand of John AUeyn Doctor of Lawes and present warden thereof, and to receive of 
 him the sume of Eighty eight pounds and ten shillings for y' arreares of money and 
 Gownes due to the poore of the said parishes called the Outmembers of the said 
 Colledge, and uppon receipt of the said money to give to the said warden their 
 acquittances according to the usuall forme, and the warden shall haue it allowed to 
 him in his present Accompts, and upon paying of it for the future, it shall be allowed 
 him in his future Accompts, And the warden here present is to take notice thereof 
 and to haue a copy of this order. 
 
 The Warden at first refused to comply with this order, because the 
 
 * Roger Baily, uslier, who, however, is stated in the Register to have resigned 25th March 
 1666/7 ; William Carter, preacher ; and Francis Brockett, schoolmaster. The organist's place was 
 vacant. 
 
1 66 IIISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 Fellows still contended against its legality, and refused to sign his accounts ; 
 but on the 23rd of June he paid the money and wrote an explanatory letter 
 to the Archbishop's secretary. The Archbishop replied as follows : — 
 
 Croydon, June 30. 1677. 
 M' Warden 
 
 I have perus'd the contents of your Letter to my secretary dated y° 23* instant 
 and by the accompt I receive therein, and from some of my Comissioners I am better 
 satisfied then formerly that the Late quarrell with the out parishes concerning the 
 pensions due to their poore, and estabhshed by my late Injunccons proceeded not 
 altogether from you, but cheifly from the selfe conceit of some others, whoe (it 
 appeares) have Lesse reason and abihty to undertake such a designe, a project indeed, 
 both contrary to their oathes, aud in my opinion inconsistent with the rules of Charity 
 and good conscience. My comissioners haue found y* money due, not only in pur- 
 suance of the Injunccons, but also the true will and meaning of your ffounder, they 
 have enjoyned the payment, and accordingly there is the generall submission of your 
 Colledge, except one refractory person, whom I am inform'd they haue admonish'd, 
 and when I shall receive a compleat accomjit of the visitation, I make noe question 
 but I shall convince him also, that he is not wiser then his fellowes only because he is 
 more presumptuous : Accordingly you haue made payment (as I understand) and 
 herewith the master hath concurr'd and signed your booke, I would not haue you 
 imagine that I should dissalow of this Act, which I haue alwayes thought soe 
 reasonable, I have promised you my assistance, and if you think the security of my 
 word, and the masters subscription not sufficient to saue you harmles, you shall haue 
 my confirmation of your accounts as to this point under my hand. It may possibly be 
 equivalent either to the number or credit of the Eefusers. Though in the meane time 
 pray take care to certifie the Commissioners, when they meet next, that you haue 
 tendred the booke to each ffellow, to be signed as formerly, and that there are par- 
 ticular members (by name) whoe refuse. Ajid for the future I doe hereby order and 
 appoint that unless each person concern'd doe signe the accompts, with allowance of 
 this payment to the poore of y' out parishes as formerly, and as is required by the 
 statutes of your Colledge, your founders intention, my late Injunccons, and y= Eesolu- 
 tiou of my Comissioners this Last visitation, that you forbeare to pay him his pension 
 untill such time as he shall thinck fitt to comply with what I require hereby, and 
 wbat y' rest haue submitted unto before the Comissioners, withall, I think it necessary 
 that publique Intimacon hereof should be given to y* end that none hereafter may 
 pretend ignorance for an excuse : I haue considered of y" other pte of your Letter, & 
 haue given my secretary instructions to discourse w"* you thereupon, when you haue 
 soe don I shall doe what is fitting, being oblig'd to promote y" weUfare of your 
 society, and as I am, 
 
 Tour very Loveing friend 
 
 GiLB: Cant. 
 
 In accordance with the Archbishop's suggestion, the accounts were made 
 up to the 10th August, and on the 18th His Grace wrote at the foot of 
 them, 
 
 " I do allow and approve of this accompt. Gilb. Cant," 
 
 At the subsequent audit on the 4th September, the Master, Warden. 
 
1678.] MR. BROCKETTS PROTEST. 167 
 
 Churchwardens, and Mr. Pierson, the organist, signed after the Archbishop's 
 approval. 
 
 The organist, Mr. Pierson, is stated in the Register to have resigned on 
 the 15th August 1677, which is inconsistent with his signing accounts on 
 the 4th September. He may, however, have been induced by the Master 
 and Warden to sign them before he left. 
 
 The Fellows now remaining were James AUeyn, preacher, who had been 
 elected on the 5th July 1677, vice Eobert Bond resigned; Francis Brockett, 
 schoolmaster ; and William Usborn, usher. This last, however, died on the 
 23rd August, and Vi^as replaced on the 2nd October by Mr. John Black- 
 stone ; the organist's place not being filled up until the 1st May 1678. 
 
 Mr. Brockett offered to sign the accounts under the following protest: — 
 
 Memorand: That I Francis Brockett by setting my hand to these and the 
 following accompts of the warden of the coUedge, do consent only to these pticulara 
 thereof which are just and Lawfull, intending not thereby to barr myselfe, or any 
 other pson from making at any time a Legall claime to any just right or dues Legally 
 given by y° founder of y' CoUedge to myselfe or any other member of y' coUedge. 
 And particularly not to bind myself from taking excepcons to the allowance lately 
 made to y* out members, or any other, that are contrary to y° foundacon and statutes 
 of y° coUedge when occasion shall seame. 
 
 It may be noted in passing that Mr. Brockett had at this time another 
 trouble on his hands, for there exists at Dulwich a warrant dated 27th 
 October 1677, signed by Richard Raynsford, ordering his arrest on the 
 complaint of Thomas Bowdler of Camberwell, " who has made oath that he 
 " doth goe in feare of looseing his life or receiving some bodily harme by 
 " ffrancis Brockett of Dulwich Clerk, because the said Brockett hath caused 
 " the said deponent to be violently assaulted and wounded by sewaU of his 
 " schoUers and the said Brockett hath threatened to teare the said Deponent 
 " in peeces or words to that effect." 
 
 Archbishop Sheldon died on the 9th November 1677, and his successor, 
 Dr. William Bancroft, was consecrated on the 27th January 1678. A copy 
 of Mr. Brockett's protest was sent to the new Archbishop, who wrote as 
 follows : — 
 
 I never approved of this forme of subscription w"" a limitation w""" my Pre- 
 decessors Injuncons require without it, to which Injuncons, while they continue in 
 force, I have often told M' Brockett, he is bound to pay his obedience or to undergoe 
 the penaltye. W. Cant. 
 
 Dr. John Alleyn seems to have thought it desirable to be recommended 
 to the new Visitor, the Tanner MSS. containing the following letter to the 
 Archbishop from his relative Dr. Peter Mew, Bishop of Bath and Wells, 
 dated 28th January 1677/8 :— 
 
i68 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 My Lord. I have endeavoured to pay my duty to you in person and to congratulate 
 your own honour and the Churches happiness in y' promotion to y° government of it 
 w"" I now do with great zeal and affection. Among other places which are under 
 your care y" coll of Dulwich will I fear give you as it did your predecessor a great 
 deal of trouble, for I hear they are embroyling themselves in their old disputes. The 
 warden is a person, whom I have known long and had aUways a fair esteem among 
 good men and when y' Lordship understands y' affairs of y° place I am confident you 
 will find y' hee hath don nothing w"" may undeserve it and I am no further his friend 
 y" hee shall appear just. I am 
 
 Y"" L'dships in all duty 
 
 P. Bath & Wells. 
 
 When this letter was written John AUeyn was no longer Warden but 
 Master; Raph. AUeyn having died on the 24tli January 1677/8, and John 
 AUeyn consequently becoming Master the next day.* 
 
 The court to elect the new Warden was held on the 11th February 
 1677/8, and the following is the record of the proceedings from the audit 
 book : — 
 
 At a Court of Assistants held at God's guift CoUedge in Dulwich on Monday the 
 11"" of ffebruary 1677 for the eleccon of a warden upon the death of Kaph Alleyn late 
 master of the said Colledge. 
 
 The said Court being assembled in the ChappeU of the said CoUedge (after service 
 & sermon ended) did proceed to the Eleccon of a Warden according to their statutes. 
 At w"" time the King's Mandamus being brought on the behalfe of M' James Alleyn 
 senior ffellow of this Colledge to be elected warden thereof, a copy whereof foUoweth 
 in these words viz'. 
 
 Charles R 
 
 Trusty & welbeloved, Wee greet you well. Whereas wee haue been giuen to- 
 understand that y° place of warden of your Colledge is at present void by y° removall 
 of y" late warden to be master thereof. And whereas James Alleyn senior Fellow of y* s* 
 Colledge hath been represented unto us as a fitt pson to succeed in y° s* place of 
 warden, he being not only a single pson of y° name of y° Founder, but by reason of 
 his standing in y° s* Colledge well acquainted w'" the statutes & Orders thereof. We 
 haue thought fitt hereby to signifie our pleasure unto you Requiring that you choose 
 & admitt the said James Alleyn unto the sd place of Warden. To hold & enjoy the 
 same w'" all ffees rights & priviledges thereunto belonging, in as full & ample manner 
 as the late Warden or any other Warden of the said Colledge hath held & enjoyed y* 
 same. And so wee bid you farewell. Giuen at our Court at Whitehall the 26'" day 
 of January 1677 in 29'" yeare of Our Eaigne. 
 
 By his Ma'"" Comand. 
 
 Henry Coventry, 
 
 To Our trusty & welbeloued the Master & Fellowes of God's Guift Colledge in 
 Dulwich in our County of Surrey & to y" Assistants or whom it shall concerne 
 
 * Dr. John Alleyn used a seal on which his own arms were impaled with those of the College 
 following in this the custom of bishops in England. ° ' 
 
1679-] THE REV. JAMES ALLEYN. 169 
 
 Upon reading of w"'' mandamus (the Master of y' Colledge only declaring for it) 
 the Assistants taking it into their consideracon according to y° Statutes of y" Colledge 
 to y""" they are sworn did (not-withstanding) by a certain writing under all their hands 
 & s'eales elect Elias Alleyn to be warden of the Colledge, there being none other then 
 appearing qualified according to the Statutes, the ffellowes then present not concerning 
 themselves on either side. After w""" eleCcon, the said Elias AUeyn before his admis- 
 sion as the statutes of the Colledge doe appoint did enter into a statute of one thou- 
 sand pounds before the Lord Cheife Justice North, bearing date the 15'" day of ffebruary 
 1677. And upon Saturday the 16'" of ffebruary following he tendred the said statute 
 in the Chappell of the Colledge to the master ffellowes & Assistants then present, w"" 
 ■was accepted of & he then had his admission accordingly & was sworn by the said 
 James Alleyn Senior ffellow according to the Statutes of y° said Colledge. 
 
 On tlie 1st May 1678, Mr. Charles Garraway was admitted organist, 
 apparently by the Archbishop's order, though there is no record thereof, 
 and he signed the accounts on the 4th September. Mr. Brockett, the 
 schoolmaster, also signed them, adding his original protest, to which the 
 Master subjoined the Archbishop's remarks thereon as already given 
 (p. 167). 
 
 The Master, though he supported .the claim of James Alleyn, the 
 preacher, to the wardenship at the recent election, seems speedily to have 
 discovered that he was mistaken in so doing, for on the 28th January 1678/9 
 he reported to the Visitor — 1. That James AJleyn, senior Fellow and minister, 
 is a notorious, scandalous drunkard, both on Sundays and week days. 
 2. That he is a notorious whoremaster, and that several complaints have been 
 made of him — e.g. Mrs. Phillips complained of his rude behaviour, that he 
 would have lyed with her if she had not repulsed him. Elizabeth Oxley 
 declared on the 18th December that she was with chUd by him, and that 
 she had been so ever since April last, and that he and none but he was the 
 father of her child ; and she further declared that he had severall times y* 
 camall use of her body both in y' Colledge and elsewhere. 
 
 James AUeyn, in reply to this, presented a petition to the Archbishop, in 
 which he says : — 
 
 That your petitioner, to his own shame, but with a true and penitent heart, doth 
 confess that he hath not hved so exemplarily as he ought to have done, and he doth 
 faithfully promise your Grace verlo sacerdotis to reform his life and conversation for 
 y° future .... and that your petitioner may have some time granted him to 
 remove himself, that he may not have y" scandall of an expulsion. 
 
 The Archbishop seems to have acceded to this request, as the Eegister 
 records that James Alleyn resigned on the 11th February 1678/9. 
 
 At the audit on the 4th March 1678/9, Mr, Francis Brockett, who had 
 been for some time deprived of his stipend for refusing to sign tlie accounts, 
 
 VOL. I. Y 
 
1 70 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 and thereby acknowledge the claim of the thirty out-members, was ex- 
 pelled by the following order : — • 
 
 It is further ordered, that whereas by an order from the Late Lord ArchBipp {dc) 
 of Canterbury his Grace visitor of this CoUedge, bearing date y° 30'" day of June 1677 
 amongst other things it was thereby ordered that unlesse all psons concerned in 
 y° signing of y' wardens accounts, with y° allowance of y" money payable to y° poore 
 out-members as formerly, and as it is required by his said Graces Injunccons, that 
 tbeir severall pensions should be stopt untill such time as they should complye with 
 what his Grace did thereby require. And whereas M'. ffrancis Brockett one of y* 
 ffellowes of this CoUedge did then refuse to signe y" said accounts, (w""" hath been y* 
 iisuall custome for 50 yeares) in contempt of his Graces said order, and hath still 
 continued from time to time refuseing to signe them though severall times required, 
 which w'" all of his being at y° last Court of Assistants questioned upon y" complaint 
 of the warden, and his Answer heard, w"" was that he had appealed to his now Grace, 
 & that he had promised to determine it, did then occasion a stopp of any further pro- 
 ceedings therein, since which time his Grace hath severall times heard, and considered 
 of what could be aUeadged against his Predecessors order and Injunccons, and hath 
 fully determined y° same under his hand in writing as also by an express in writing 
 by his comand from his secretary, as may appeare upon record entred in the Eegister 
 book of this coUedge for such purposes, which this court takeing againe into con- 
 sideracon, and y° severall affronts complained of by y' warden since y° last court 
 concerning y° same, and for prevention of further inconvenience that may arise, and 
 be occasioned by such ill example to y° prejudice of y° peace of y' CoUedge for the 
 future, haue thought fitt with a full consent to expell him the said ffrancis Brockett 
 from his place and ffellowship, and from this day wee declare his said place void, and 
 order to proceed to y° Eleccon of another in his roome according to the time limited 
 by y° statutes To w""" wee have set our hands y" day & yeare abovesaid. 
 
 Mr. Brockett thereupon made a full submission to the Archbishop, 
 whose secretary wrote to the Master as follows : — 
 
 Lambeth House, March 19'" 1678/9 
 S' M' Brockett has bin here with great submission to desire my Lord's Grace's 
 order for his restoration to his place, he promises a perfect and entire complyance for 
 the future both to the Injunccons, accounts, and other Eules of the Founder, "Visitor, 
 and Colledge. His expulsion being an Act done by the Publique Audit, and his Grace 
 haueing noe notice of it_ tUl it was done, he doeth not think fitt to interpose any 
 opinion, or direction therein. But if I mistake not, when you were here last, all that 
 you Labour'd att, was the Eegulagon of the Colledge and not the punishment of the 
 person, provided he gaue evidence of his Inclinacon to a conformity with the 
 rest of his brethren, this he is now most ready to undertake and to acknowledo-e 
 his errour in such manner as you shall think fitt to prescribe he has liu'd lonw 
 amongst you & upon this occasion may haue (and I doubt not but he will haue) a 
 truer sense of his condicon and your kindnesse to him, I conceive it may be more 
 easye for you to rectifie y° misunderstandings of an old ffellow member, then to breed 
 up a new one, and it will giue f world an instance of your Charity, and desire to line 
 in unity & peace if you readmitt or new elect M' Brockett, when by those acts he 
 
I679-] THE REV. FRANCIS BROCKETT. 171 
 
 hath purg'd his contempt and taken away y° foundacon of the complaint, pray let me 
 know your resolucon in a line or two, for I am to satisfie a considerable friend of mine 
 whoe engageth me to use the Little interest I haue in your CoUedge on his behalfe, 
 and truly I would oblige that person as much as I could, and accordingly desire yours 
 and wardens favour for him. If I can be soe happy as to reconcile you upon this 
 point, I shall endeavour & be in very good hope to heare of no further animositie 
 amongst you as long as I haue any concerne in this place, and whilst I haue, you shall 
 always comand me as 
 
 Your affectionate friend & servant 
 
 EoB''. Thompson. - 
 
 When I mention Restoring, I take his arreares as y* consequence of that, and I 
 suppose they were never denyed bim when he undertooke to subscribe w^out reservacon 
 as he does now. 
 
 "Whetlier influenced by this letter or by doubts as to the legality of the 
 expulsion, the Society permitted Mr. Brockett to remain in the College ; but 
 at the next audit on the 4th September 1679, Elias AUeyn the Warden and 
 the six Assistants signed a confirmation of the previous order, concluding as 
 follows : — 
 
 And whereas the s* M' Brockett hath not to this day conformed to y* s* order of 
 expulsion, but stUl contynues his place & imployment in the colledge in contempt of 
 y° s* order of expulcon & power of y* s* court. It is now thought fitt & soe ordered by 
 this court, that they doe adhere to their former order of expulcon of the said M' 
 Brockett & that from henceforth he be not receaved to lodge, diet or teach schoole 
 any longer in the said coUedge. 
 
 The CoUege then put the case before Sergeant Maynard, and obtained 
 from him an opinion as follows : — 
 
 The expulsion is unlawfull his remedy is to haue a writt of Eestitution from the 
 Kings Bench. 
 
 ^ts." 
 
 And thereupon the Master made an entry in the audit book immediately 
 below the above order, in these words : — 
 
 The master and ffellowes gave noe consent to the order above entred against 
 M' Brockett, but protested against it the whole matter being iUegaU as by the opinion 
 of Serg' Maynard appeared. John Alleyn. 
 
 Mr. Brockett, therefore, being supported by the majority of the Society, 
 remained at the College, though his pension was still withheld. 
 
 The case of Mr. Brockett was not the only subject on which the Warden 
 was at variance with the rest of the Society, for the following entry is made 
 in the Eegister, at the end of the book : — 
 
172 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 Orders made at the Private Sittings of the Master, Warden, and Fellows of God's 
 
 Guift Colledge in Dullwich. 
 
 Whereas on Saturday y« 21 of Pehr 16|§ the master and fellowes according to the 
 statutes and the usuall custome of the Colledge, did meet in the Parlour of the said 
 Colledge to hear and examine the accounts of the Warden of the said Colledge, and 
 the said Master and Fellowes did then and there examine the accounts of the said 
 Warden and by their examination of the said Warden's account, did find that y" said 
 Warden by his accounts had defrauded y° said Colledge of the sum of ten pounds, and 
 the said Master and Fellowes did then and there adjudge the said fraud to be a willfull 
 act of the said Warden and wheras the said Warden being required by the said Master 
 in writing to appear at the Publick reading of the Colledge statutes on the first of 
 March following, further to answer to the crimes laid to his charge or for default 
 thereof sentence should pass against him. And the said Warden refusing to appear 
 according to the said sumons the Master and Fellows do (according as it is required 
 by the said statutes) pimish and amerce the said Warden the full sum of twenty 
 pounds of lawfull money of England, to be paid by the said Warden to the master of 
 the said Colledge, for the use of the said Colledge. In witness whereof we have here- 
 unto set our hands this first day of March 16|g. 
 
 John Alleyn 
 
 Joseph Chuech John Blackstone 
 
 Francis Beockett Charles Garraway. 
 
 On the next page is the following : — 
 
 Whereas on the first of March 16|g it was ordered by the Master and Fellows of 
 this Colledge, that the Warden of the said Colledge should be punished and amerced 
 the sum of twenty pounds (as the statutes of the CoUedge do require) for willfully 
 defrauding the Colledge of the sum of ten pounds in his accounts, and wheras the said 
 Warden surreptitiously without the consent of the Master and Fellowes of the said 
 CoUedge did on y° 12 of Sept. 1679 take the Eegister book of the Colledge accounts 
 out of the Treasury chamber of the said Colledge, and it is adjudged by the said 
 Master and Fellowes that he did fraudulently Eaze out of the said Eegister the sum 
 of ten pounds, that the Master of the said Colledge (whom the said Statutes do 
 impower and authorize to punish the members of the said Colledge offending against 
 the Statutes thereof) may have fuU power to demand and recover the said penalty of 
 twenty pounds, and that the said Colledge may the better be secured for the future 
 against such abuses and frauds of the said Warden, the said Master and Fellowes do 
 suspend y° said Warden from receiving or disbursing any of the Colledge revenues or 
 profits, till such time as the said Warden shall pay to the Colledge the said sum of 
 twenty pounds and give such further security to the said Colledge, for his future 
 honesty in discharge of his place, as the said Master and Fellowes shall thinke fitt and 
 allow of. Witness our hands this first day of March 16|^g. 
 
 John Alletn 
 Joseph Church 
 Francis Beockett 
 John Blackstone 
 Charles Garraway. 
 
i68o.] THE WARDEN'S ELECTION MADE VOID. 173 
 
 At the audit on the succeeding 4t]i March, the Warden did not appear, 
 and the following resolution was entered in the books : — 
 
 Whereas by a court held at this Colledge the 4"* of March 16|g in the Auditt 
 cbamher of the said Colledge by the Master Warden and ffellows thereof the said 
 Warden being then required to appeare at the said Court at the Auditing of the said 
 Accounts refused to appeare as it was required, whereupon the said Court did Auditt 
 the said accounts (the said warden being absent) but the said Court did not thinks 
 fitt to signe the said Wardens accounts by reason that it was plainly discerned and 
 found that the sume of ten pounds was razed out of the Colledge Eegister booke of his 
 last half yeares accounts, soe that whereas at an auditt kept in September 4, 1679 
 there was the sume of thirty pounds remaining in the said Wardens hands : by this 
 razure there appeared to be but the sume of twenty pounds whereby the Colledge was 
 wronged the full sume of ten pounds. John Alleyn 
 
 Joseph Church 
 
 FFEANCIS BkOCKETT 
 
 John Blackstone 
 Chaeles Gakraway. 
 
 The College then had recourse to the Archbishop for advice ; and his 
 Grace, after some consideration, decreed that the election of Elias Alleyn 
 was void oh initio, by the following instrument : — 
 
 Thursday the seaventeenth day of June Anno Dni 1680 before the most Eeverend 
 father in God William by Divine Providence Lord Archbishopp of Canterbury Primate 
 of all England and metropolitan in the great dining Eoome within his Palace of 
 Lambeth, present Thomas Tillott, notary Publique. 
 
 Which day his Grace declared that Ehas Alleyn the present warden of the Colledge 
 of Dullwich called Gods guift Colledge was not duly elected, and that his election was 
 void. Ordered that the master ffeUowes and assistants of the said Colledge doe goe 
 to the new election of a warden and that they proceed Legally, and according to the 
 Statutes of the ffounder in their said election. 
 
 It was ordered by his Grace that his pention then due should be paid when he 
 should demand it. 
 
 Accordingly a new election was held on the 5th July, and the following 
 is the record of the proceedings : — 
 
 Whereas on the l?"" day of June 1680 The most Eeverend ffather in God 
 Wilham by Divine providence Lord Archbishop of Canterbury his Grace Primate of 
 aU England and Metropohtan Visitor of God's guift Colledge in Dullwich in the 
 county of Surrey did declare that Elias Alleyn the then warden of the said Colledge 
 was not duely elected and that his election was void, and did then order the master 
 ffellows and assistants of the said Colledge should goe to a new election of a warden 
 and that they should proceed legally and according to the statutes of the ffounder in 
 the said election. In obedience to which order the master of the said Colledge 
 according to the ffounders statutes did send to the said assistants to pubhsh the said 
 order in the severaU parishes the next Sunday after the said order was made but the 
 said assistants would not suffer the said order to be piibUshed at the thne appointed 
 
174 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 by the ffounders statutes And on Monday the 5'" of July next after the date of the 
 said order the master fFellowes and assistants did according to the said order and the 
 ffounders statutes appeare in the chappell of the said CoUedge to elect a new warden, 
 and after service and sermon ended the said assistants being desired to proceed to the 
 election according to the said order, M' Kentish one of the said Assistants declared 
 that they had a warden already, and that they saw noe reason that they should 
 proceed to a new election, and the said Master of the CoUedge declaring that he 
 would proceed to an election in obedience to the said order, the said Assistants with 
 the said Elias AUeyn withdrew, and after severall statutes of the ffounder (in order 
 to a new election) being read, the master sent the clerke of the CoUedge to the said 
 Assistants to know whether they would (in obedience to the said order) appear at the 
 said Election but they refused to appeare and answered by the said Clerke that they 
 left the Master and ifeUows to their liberty to doe as they pleased, whereupon the 
 said Master and ffellows proceeded to a new election according to the flounders 
 statutes and did chuse two persons out of five which stood to be elected to draw lotts 
 for the said wardens place and the person which drew the lott wherein the words 
 Gods guift were written was one M' Eichard AUeyn of Chigwell in the County of 
 Essex who hath promised within ten dales to bring such security for his fideUty as 
 shaU be accepted by the Master and fieUowes of the said CoUedge and John AUeyn 
 who drew the blank lott received then of the Master one pound seaven shiUings and 
 six pence for the vacant time of the wardens place according to the ffounders 
 statutes. David Jenkins Clerke. 
 
 The said warden did enter into a statute of 1000" according to the statutes dated 
 17'" day of July 1680, and was admitted by the Master and ffellowes after he had 
 taken his oath upon Friday the 23'" of July 1680, and conducted to his seate in the 
 Chappell and to the dore of his lodgeing in the coUedge and was pronounced warden 
 in the ChappeU in the presence of the whole corporacon in confidence that he would 
 performe his promise above menconed which was the only inducement for his eleccon, 
 & admission. Testified by me John Alleyn, Mag". 
 
 The persons which he named and gaue under his hand in writing to his Grace our 
 visitor were, John Wrath of Lowton Esqu' and John Pennington of ChigweU Esq' in 
 com. Essex. John Alleyn. 
 
 On the IGth September 1680, Mr. Brockett, the schoolmaster, who had 
 so persistently refused to sign the accounts, died at the College, and was 
 buried in St. Saviour's Church on the 18th September. His father applied, 
 as his executor, for the payment of his suspended pension, and the Arch- 
 bishop advising that this request should be granted, the amount was paid 
 on the 2nd February 1680/1. His Grace on the 5tli of the same month 
 wrote a letter recommending Mr. Oldham to succeed Mr. Brockett, but lie 
 was not admitted. 
 
 During the wardenship of Elias Alleyn there had been much quarrelling 
 in the College. The Master complained to the Archbishop "That the 
 " schoolmaster hath a curateship in London and is absent two or three 
 " dayes ; that the fellowes combine together and grant each other leave of 
 
i68o.] THE MASTER AND MRS. NYE. 175 
 
 " absence and tlien in voting they combine so as to outvote the Master and 
 " "Warden ; that the inhabitant's children ought to be taught freely, paying 
 " tjnly for entrance and two shillings a year, which the Schoolmaster 
 " refuseth unless he also is paid ; a caterer cheated the CoUedge and the 
 " Master gave orders that he should goe noe more to markett. The 
 " fellowes in the Master's absence voted that he should, and the same day 
 " he ran away with the money £3 ; that M' Mawde the senior fellow called 
 " the master a knave, and an arrant cheating knave." 
 
 On the other hand, the Master himself was seriously accused of being 
 married to Mrs. Nye, a widow, the daughter of a Mr. Peter Chamberlain, a 
 surgeon practising in the neighbourhood. 
 
 The Archbishop issued another Commission of Visitation, which 
 attended at the College on the 21st April 1680, and amongst the articles 
 or questions administered to the Society was the following : — 
 
 Whether are the said Master, "Warden and fellowes single and unmarried persons. 
 More particularly you are to declare whether you do not know, beleive or have heard 
 that John Alleyn the present master was a married person at the time of his admission 
 to the Wardenship of the said CoUedge, and whether you do not know, beleive and 
 have heard it publiquely and credibly reported that the said John Alleyn is now a 
 married person and soe commonly reported to be within the said parish of Dulwich 
 and other places adjacent and are there not probable and vehement suspicions for the 
 ground of such report. 
 
 The accusers sought industriously for proof of this allegation, and Mrs. 
 Nye's father complained of them to the Archbishop in the following 
 letter : — 
 
 21 July 1680. 
 
 My Lord, I understand that I have lately been traduced to your grace as a Jew 
 by a combination of Alehouse Gossips and some mechanick churchwardens with their 
 pettyfogging Sohcitor. And to countenance their conspiring against me and my family 
 have made bold with your Grace's name. One Barber using it to suborn witnesses 
 against my daughter affirming your Grace would very well reward those that should 
 testifie against her. To be a Jew as the Apostle writes to the Eomans is a crown and 
 an honour to a Christian. But as they intended it in opposition to the Name and 
 Faith of Jesus Christ I abhor them. Nor can all they are worth make Eeparation for 
 the slander and scandal and for the prejudice they do me in my practice. If there- 
 fore your Grace would give me leave to compeU them before your Grace to make good 
 their words I desire no better judge to approve myself as good a Christian as the 19'" 
 article of the Church of England can require, which none of my dirty mouthed 
 adversaries can prove themselves And I shall remain 
 
 Your Grace's humble servant 
 
 Peter Chamberlain. 
 
 On the 30th August 1681 the Archbishop, probably not without 
 reference to Mrs. Nye, "gave expresse comand to the Master that noe 
 
176 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 " Woman whatsoever should come to eate at the Comon table with y^ 
 " Society." 
 
 On the 3rd September 1681 the Warden, and all the Fellows, except Mr. 
 Garraway, the organist, presented the following : — 
 
 We whose names are here subscribed of the Society of Dulwich CoUege being 
 by your Grace hereunto required, do declare that we think D' John Alleyn present 
 master married or contracted either of which is expressly contrary to the statutes and 
 the form of the Master's Oath. The reasons of such our suspicions being as follows : 
 We have observed a constant intimate correspondence between him and Madame Nye, 
 viz* Haveing his lodging with her at London and providing her lodgings at Dulwich 
 and when she waiteth upon the Duchess of Alberraarle at New Hall sending his man 
 particularly to see her, who gave some of us a description of the place. We have 
 observed that he hath ordinarily sent his man four or iive times a week and the 
 Caterer twice or thrice with messages to her when in London. The three weekes she 
 was at Dulwich she was observed to be at his chambers or he at hers morning and night. 
 
 Signed Eichaed Alleys 
 John Mawde 
 John Blackbuene 
 John Blackstone. 
 
 Mr, Garraway contented himself with reporting " that he has heard 
 " that the Master and Warden are married, but they say they are not." 
 
 The persons whom Mr. Chamberlain so strongly denounced produced 
 the following affidavits : — 
 
 Affidavits of Mary Lewis, * Grevill Lewis and Anne Barber that D' John Alleyn 
 Master of Dulwich College hath had two children by M" Sarah Nye Widdow, she 
 having lodged close to the College and had her provision from it since 1677, &c. And 
 that D' John Alleyn had said that if his marriage to M" Nye was discovered he 
 would lead his said wife through the College and owne her to be his wife in the face of 
 the whole College. 
 
 "e^ 
 
 Besides this contemporary evidence, there is amongst the additional 
 MSS. a deposition, made 13th January 1G91/2, by John Hoyle, the Clerk 
 of the College, in these words : — 
 
 This Deponent saith he did know D' John Allen one of the former masters of 
 the said coUedge. And this Dept sayth he hath heard and beleives that the said D' 
 John Allen was marryed to one M" Nye a widdow (as this Dept hath been Informed 
 by the Mother in Law of the said M" Nye and others of her relacons) and that they 
 were privately marryed by a nonconformist Minister, and this Deponent further 
 deposes that he hath been credibly Informed and verily beleives that the said D' 
 John Allen was marryed a great part of the tyme while he was Master of the s"" 
 College And sayes he had severall children by the said M" Nye who are some of 
 
 » Grevill Lewis resided at The Feathers, in Dulwich, which house was afterwards called The Bell 
 MSS. vi. 38, Hume MSS., and additional MSS. 
 
1 682.] PETITION OF ELIAS ALLE YN. in 
 
 tliem alive and go by his name (as does also his said widdowe) who is now or very 
 lately was living. And this Deponent saith he knowes very well that even in his the 
 Dept's tyme there was great endeavours used to find out and prove the marriage of the 
 said D' John AUen while he was actually master of the said College and that the 
 same was in order to remove or Expell him out of the said Colledge. 
 
 The Arclibishop either considered the case not proven, or had other 
 more serious matters to attend to, for the Visitation had no result, and Dr. 
 Alleyn continued to be Master until his death. 
 
 On the 20th January 1681/2, the schoohnaster, Mr. Blackburne, vsrho 
 had been complained of by the Master, obtained leave from the Archbishop 
 to "execute his employment in London," Mr, Blackstone, the usher, being 
 allowed to read for him. 
 
 Elias Alleyn since his ejectment had not ceased his endeavours to 
 recover his position as Warden, and at the audit on the 4th September he 
 produced a royal order made upon a petition which he had presented. The 
 order, as it reached the College, was in these terms : — 
 
 At the Court at Windsor 21 August 1682 His Ma"° is gratiously pleased to referr 
 this Peticon to the Master ffellows and assistants of God's Guift Colledge in Dulwich 
 in Surrey that were when the Peticoner was elected and admitted as also when dis- 
 possessed of his place of warden, and to the now Master ffellows and assistants of the 
 said Colledge or the major part of them there present upon the Audit day to be 
 held the 4"" of September next, after morning prayer there to summon both parties 
 before them and to examine the allegacons therein menconed and if it shall appeare the 
 Peticoner hath been illegally and unjustly displaced That then his Ma"" pleasure is 
 that the Peticoner be Eeadmitted and Eeinstated into his said office and place of 
 warden as formerly or else to report their objections. And his ma"° thereupon will 
 further declare his Eoyall pleasure. Charles Morley. 
 
 Accordingly, on the 4th of September, the Master, John Mawde the 
 preacher, and John Blackstone the usher (the schoolmaster, Mr. Black- 
 burne, being probably ill, as he died on the 19th September), with twelve 
 past and present churchwardens, met and unanimously (John Mawde only 
 excepted) agreed, " That the said Elias Alleyn late warden of the Colledge 
 " was duely and legally elected and admitted at that time accordingly. 
 " And was at the time above written readmitted and reinstated in the 
 " same office accordingly." 
 
 The Archbishop, who apparently had been consulted by the King before 
 any order was made upon Elias Alleyn's petition, was astonished at this 
 proceeding, which was reported to him by Eichard Alleyn, and on the 6th 
 September he sent the following letter to the College : — 
 
 Lambeth House Sept. 6. 1682. 
 
 S'. My lords grace being informed, that by vertue of a late refference procur'd 
 from his ma"° the Assistants and some other members of your colledge haue thought 
 VOL. L z 
 
178 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 fitt to revote his order made concerning Elias Alleyn's eleccon, and that without any 
 notice, or intimation of their reasons for soe doeing, although his Grace had formerly- 
 given his ma"° particular satisffaccon, under his hand upon ...Elias Alleyns peticon. 
 His Grace is desirous to know upon what suggestions this new reference was obtained 
 and upon supposal that either y° original or a true copie of it remaines in your colledge 
 as being y' warrant that is to iustify this Act, and new method of proceeding, This 
 bearer is purposely sent unto you, that he may haue copies both of the said Elias 
 Alleyn's peticon and y" order made thereupon that he may be ready to giue a further 
 account of his former judgement, which it seemes has beene as easily condemned as 
 I was arraigned, I am by his Graces command to require this from you and the 
 ffellowes, and expect an account of your ready compliance accordingly 
 
 Your affectionate friend 
 
 Egbert Thompson. 
 ffor D' Alleyn mag'" of DuUwich Colledge. 
 
 The documents were of course sent, and on the 18th September the 
 Archbishop wrote again as follows : — 
 
 Lambeth house Sept. 18. 1682. 
 
 S'. By my Lords direccons you were pleased to send a copy of the Eeference 
 from his ma"" upon Elias Alleyn's peticon attested under your hand : Upon the first 
 perusall of it the forme seemed very strange, and upon comparing of it with the 
 master of Eequests booke of entries it appeares stranger, as you may perceive by this 
 copie w""" y° warden will shew you, both you and the assistants are grossly impos'd 
 upon, there being nothing in the originall y' will give any colourable warrant to the 
 late proceedings. It is therefore his Grace's desire, that both for your justification and 
 theirs he may haue a sight of y* originall reference giuen into, and entied in your 
 CoUedge Eegister, and as soone as may be with conveniency. It may be a meanes to 
 place y' counterfeit where it ought to be and prevent an enquiry and prosecution from 
 the of^ce of Eequests which may prove troublesome even to those whoe are unconcern'd, 
 unlesse the principal actor in this contrivance be not timely discovered. 
 
 I am 
 Your affectionate friend 
 For jy Alleyn M' of Dullw"" Colledge EoB^ Thompson. 
 
 It thus appeared that the order produced by Elias Alleyn was a forgery, 
 the true reference as it was entered in the book of entries of the Master of 
 Eequests being in these words — 
 
 At the Court at Windsor August 21'". 1682 
 
 His Ma"" is gratiously pleased to referre this Peticon to the Master ffellows and 
 Assistants of Gods Guift Colledge in Dullwich that were when the Peticoner was 
 elected warden, and to those that were when he was disposses't his place ; as also to the 
 now Master ffellows & Assistants of the said Colledge or the major part of them to 
 sumon both parties before them upon the audit day to be held the 4'" of September 
 next after morniug prayer and examine the Allegacons of the said Peticon : and to 
 Eeport in short to his Ma"' their opinions of the case and his ma'" will thereupon 
 further declare his Eoyall pleasure. 
 
 To Charles Morley Esq* Master of Eequests 
 
1 682.] PETITION OF RICHARD ALLEYN. 
 
 179 
 
 Kicliard Alleyn lost no time in petitioning the King as follows : — 
 
 To the Kings most excellent Ma"". 
 
 The Humble Peticon of Eicliard Alleyn 
 Sheweth 
 
 That one Elias Alleyn pretending to the wardenship of Gods Guift Colledge in 
 Dulwich did for some time take upon him the trust of that place, although without 
 any due or statuteable election, which being complained of to the Lord Archbishop of 
 Canterbury visitor of the said CoUedge and withaU that the said Elias Alleyn did not 
 discharge the same with such faithfullness and integrity as he ought to have done the 
 said Bishop of Canterbury did about two yeares since pronounce the said wardens 
 place voyd and ordered a new Election but with noe exclusion of the said Elias 
 Alleyn, \i he should stand againe to be new elected, provided he could find security 
 for his true Accompting to the Colledge, and this being submitted unto and undertaken 
 by him and the assistants, but not performed the Master and ffellows proceeded to 
 a new election whereat the Pet" and another stood competitors and the lot falling to 
 the Pet' he was chosen and admitted, and tooke upon him the execucon of the said 
 place, and therein continued for about two yeares. 
 
 That Elias Alleyn complaining to your Ma"" of the Visitors Decree : and the new 
 election of this Pet' Your ma*" the 12 of July 1680 Eeferred it back to the said 
 Visitor who shortly after made Eeport of the whole state of the case a copy whereof 
 is hereunto aimexed, and afterwards the said Elias Alleyn hauing moved for a 
 Mandamus in your Ma""" Court of Kings Bench to be restored, was denied because 
 the Colledge had a speciall Visitor appointed by the ifounder. 
 
 That upon another peticon to your Ma"" imperfectly representing the case, conceal- 
 ing the visitors report, and many other materiall circumstances whereof your Ma"" 
 ought to have been informed and also suggesting things therein not true the 21 of 
 August 1682 procured another Eeference from yo' ma"" to the Master Fellows and 
 assistants of the said Colledge for the examination of his Election (which the Visitor 
 had pronounced void) and to which all persons had submitted which reference he 
 thinking not full enough for his purpose forged the Master of Bequests hand to a 
 reference of his owne making, and a Peticon different from what he before delivered 
 to the said Master of Bequests, which being produced to the said Master ffellows and 
 Assistants, instead of that presented unto, and the Eeference thereupon granted by his 
 Ma"", he obteined to be Eeadmitted. 
 
 The premises considered, your Pet' humbly praies yo' Ma"" Order to the Master 
 ffellows and Assistants of the said Colledge that your Pet' may be restored to the 
 condition and estate he enjoyed in the CoUedge before the Eeference obteined and the 
 pretended Eeference and order thereupon made, and that the said Elias Alleyn may 
 not be permitted to intermeddle with the affaires thereof as warden or to participate of 
 any benefit or advantage thereof. 
 
 And your Pet' as in duty bound shall ever pray &c. 
 
 Upon wHch the King issued the following final order : — 
 
 At the Court at Whitehall October the 1. 1682 
 
 His Ma"" haveing been often troubled in this matter, and the Allegations of the 
 Peticon being made manifest to him Is gratiously pleased (for a finall determinacon 
 and quiet herein) to Eatify and confirm as well the proceedings of the Lord Arch 
 
1 80 mSTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 Bishop of Canterbury in his late visitation of Dulwich CoUedge, as also the Election 
 and admission of Eichard Alleyn the Pet' unto the Office of warden thereof. _ And 
 further to appoint and order that the said Pet' be forthwith restored to and continued 
 in the execution of the said place and the full enjoyment of the rights and profits 
 thereunto belonging and that the said Elias Alleyn (notwithstanding any his Eeadmis- 
 sion to the said OfBce under colour of a Eeference from his Ma"') be not permitted at 
 all to intermeddle in the affaires of the said Colledge or to partake of any benefitt or 
 advantage belonging thereunto. And hereof the Master fPellows Assistants and Officers 
 of the said Colledge and all other herein concerned are required to take notice as his 
 Mat'" express will and pleasure, and thereunto to pay their obedience. 
 
 Charles Cotteell. 
 
 At the same audit of the 4th September 1682, David Jenkins, scrivener, 
 probably the son of "William Jenkins, once a poor scholar, whose appoint- 
 ment has been noted in 1669, was appointed clerk of the College ; but at 
 the audit on the 4th September, in the next year, 1683, he was "turned 
 " out of his said office by a full consent for misdemeanour." The nature of 
 his offence does not appear. His successor in the office was John Hoyle. 
 
 Matters in the College appear to have been more quiet during the next 
 few years, though on the 19th September 1682, Dr. Alleyn complained to 
 the Archbishop of the butler and his servant, Ealph Willis, disobeying 
 him and defying him, backed by the Fellows; and the organist, Mr. Charles 
 Garraway, petitioned his Grace for a reform of the " slovenly manner in 
 " which the singing in the chapel is carried on, especially that the Master, 
 " Warden, and Fellows will not or cannot sing, and the boys for want of 
 " Judgement and mutuall assistance follow one after another in such a 
 " confused manner as renders it very absurd to the auditors." 
 
 During the Wardenship and Mastership of Dr. John Alleyn, the suits 
 concerning the tithes of the College woodlands which had been set at rest 
 by the agreement already mentioned between the College and Sir Edmond 
 Bowyer, were revived and prosecuted with much vigour. 
 
 Mr. Anthony Bowyer * succeeded to the rectory and tithes of Camber- 
 well in 1662, and apparently cancelled this agreement, for in 1664 he 
 brought an action for his tithes against one John Starkey, a tenant under 
 the College, of lands called Blanchdowne Grove. The College defended the 
 action, contending that the lands in question were tithe free, having been 
 parcel of the revenue and possessions of the Abbot and Convent of 
 Bermondsey, and it was endeavoured to be shown that no tithes were 
 received from these lands whilst they were in the possession of King Henry 
 the 8 th, and that the woods were reserved to the Abbot in a lease of the 
 manor granted by the Prior and Convent of Bermondsey to John Scott, 
 a baron of the exchequer, in 1530, 
 
 •Anthony Bowyer of the Inner Temple, son of Sir Edmoud Bowyer, sat for Southwark in the 
 Parhaments of 1685, 1689, and 1695. 
 
1 686.] DBA TH OF DR. JOHN ALLE YN. 1 8 1 
 
 The case was tried at the Surrey Assizes in 1664, Anthony Bowyer 
 obtaining a verdict, which he followed up by suits against various other 
 tenants both in Chancery and otherwise. 
 
 The litigation continued until 1681, when it was put an end to by the 
 granting of a lease of these tithes by Anthony Bowyer to Dr. John Alleyn 
 for the term of his life at a rental of £5 per annum, which lease Dr. Alleyn 
 declared by a deed poll still extant was held by him in trust for the College. 
 
 Nothing has been preserved to show any further occurrence of interest 
 until the death of the Master, which took place on the 25th March 1686. 
 when he was succeeded by Richard Alleyn, the Warden. 
 
[ 182 ] 
 
 CHAPTER VII. 
 
 THE COLLEGE FKOM 1686 TO 1712. 
 
 EiCHARD Alleyn, the Warden, having become Master, an election of a new 
 Warden was held on the 12th April 1686, John Alleyn being the successful 
 candidate. 
 
 At the audit on the succeeding 4th September, the accounts showed an 
 amount of £3. 13s. 3d. due to the College, with arrears of £117. 10s. 
 
 In December 1687 Mr. William Cartwright died, and by his wiU, dated 
 December 1686, which did not appoint any executors, he bequeathed to the 
 College all his books and pictures, his silver tankards and damask linen, an 
 Indian quilt and a Turkey carpet, together with 390 broad pieces of gold. 
 
 Mr. CoUier, in the Introduction to the Shakespeare Society's publication 
 of T. Heywood's apology for actors, gives the following description of 
 Cartwright : — 
 
 An actor of the name of William Cartwright, belonged in 1613 to an association of 
 Players with which Henslowe was connected : and as has been shewn in the " Memoirs 
 " of Edward Alleyn, p. 153 " he was often one of the guests of the Founder of Dulwich 
 College between the years 1617 and 1622. He was in all likelihood the father of the 
 WilUam Cartwright who, just before dramatic performances were recommenced but 
 while the theatres were stiU closed, was a bookseller, but who had no doubt been an 
 actor prior to the breaking out of the Civil war, and certainly was so for many years 
 after the Eestoration. Downes frequently introduces his name in his Eoscius 
 Anglicanus, 1708, as one of the King's company, assembled immediately on the return 
 of Charles II. He was Cortachio in " Volpene," Morose in " Epicoine," Mammon in 
 the " Alchemist," Brabantio in " Othello," and Ealstaff in the first part of " Henry the 
 " Fourth," besides filling many other parts in modern plays. He continued on the stage 
 after the union of the King's and the Duke's Companies in 1682, and died in 1687, 
 leaving his books, pictures, &c., to Dulwich College, where his father had been so often 
 hospitably received, and of the benefits of which institution he must himself have been 
 a witness. 
 
 The articles thus bequeathed did not all come into the possession of 
 the College, many having been made away with by Mr. Cartwright's 
 servants, Francis Johnson and Jane his wife. In a document written by 
 John Alleyn, the Warden, in the year 1695, and preserved in the Eegister 
 
1687.] THE CARTWRIGHT BEQUEST. 183 
 
 of Archbisliop Tenison at Lambeth, the following account of the proceed- 
 ings relating to the bequest is given : — 
 
 Eight years agoe one M' Cartwright who had beene an acquaintance of the 
 flounders did by his will bequeath a considerable quantity of bookes and other things 
 to the CoUedge, but after his death some persons pretending to bee his relations did 
 oppose the will in the Prerogative Court whereupon this Eespondent John AUeyn 
 being then warden did on behalfe of the Colledge and at their request propound the 
 same and the suite being likely to depend long the Court granted an Administration 
 pendente lite to a third person and this Eespond' procured some friends to become 
 security in 1000" for due Administration and the bookes and other things being in the 
 hands of some of M' Cartwright's servants who were in confederacy with those 
 pretended relations to defeate the Colledge, this Eespond' by his interest but with 
 greats difficulty prevailed with the then Sheriffe of Middlesex to grant a Eeplevin of 
 the same and upon this Eespobdent's giveing security in 500" to indemnify the 
 sheriffe hee did gett the possession of soe much of them as were left, the said servants 
 and their complices haveing conveyed away a great part of what the Deced left and 
 afterwards hee obtained a sentence for the will, and administration with the will 
 anexed was granted to him, upon which he entred into bond in 1000" penalty for due 
 administration and the {sic) caused the said bookes and the pictures to be carryed to 
 the Colledge where they now are and the bookes to be set upon shelves made for that 
 purpose in the Eoome next the Dineing Eoome and this Eespond' on behalfe of the 
 Colledge and at the request of the Master and all the then FeUowes did cause a Bill 
 to be preferred in the high court of Chancery ag' Francis Johnson and his wife late 
 servants of the said Deced and against their complices for discovery of the remainder 
 of the bookes and other things soe bequeathed to the Colledge which suite is still 
 (1695) depending. 
 
 With respect to this bequest it is recorded in the College audit book, 
 under date September 4, 1688, in the statement of account of John AUeyn, 
 Warden of Dulwich College, as administrator of Mr. Cartwright — 
 
 That William Cartwright Gent, deceased, by his wiU in writing, in or about 
 December 1686 (not nameing any exor") Gave unto this Colledge his Bookes and 
 pictures. Two silver Tankards, damask Lynnen, an Indian Quilt & a Turkic Carpet, 
 together with £400 in money as a Legacie for the benefit of the said Colledge, & soone 
 after dyed, leaving the said legacy & all hee had besides in the possession of his 
 servants, ffrancis Johnson and his wife. That on or about the 14'" of January 
 following, by commission or direction from the Prerogative Court, all the goods of the 
 said M' Cartwright (which his said servants would produce) (besides 390 peeces of 
 broad old gold) were inventoried, appraized, and vallued at £94. 15. 00. as appeares 
 under the hands of the Appraysors that soe Inventoried and Appraized the same. 
 That the said John AUeyn warden of this Colledge, (at the speciall instance and 
 request of the master and flellovves thereof) undertooke the burden of the Administra- 
 tion, which (with the said will annexed) was committed to him for the benefit of the 
 said' Colledge. That about the first of flebruary following the said Warden with great 
 difiBculty got into possession of all the goods that were soe appraized, except such 
 goods as are menconed at the latter end of the iuventory, exhibited by him into the 
 Prerogative Court, vallued by two of the said Appraysors (as appearea under their 
 
i84 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 hands who came to view what was wanting) at £29. 10'., which the said servants with 
 their confederates had carry'd away, together with the 390 peeces of broad old gold. 
 
 The Warden adds that he 
 
 Dischargeth himself of all the Books, Pictures, damask Lynnen and Indian Quilt 
 being all the Specifick Legacy (left by M' Cartwright menconed on the other side) 
 which came to the said Warden's hands by bringing them in and delivering them to 
 and for the use of the said CoUedge, about a yeare since, which said Bookes and 
 Pictures &c " according to the valluacon of the Appraysors are to bee charged at noe 
 " more then ffbrty and fewer pounds and twelve shillings." 
 
 The Dulwich MSS. (vi. 39) contain a part of the joint and several 
 answers of Francis and Jane Johnson to the bill preferred against them 
 in Chancery, the last sheets being missing. They are as follows : — 
 
 The joint & severall Answ"' of ffrancis Johnson and Jane his wife Defend" to the 
 Bill of Complaint of the M', "Warden Ifellows, six poor Brethren, six poor Sisters, & 
 twelve poor SchoUars of DulHdge Colledge otherwise called the Colledge of Gods guift 
 within the pish of Camberwell in the county of Surrey Comp'' 
 
 pLIS 
 
 The s* Defts & either of y" saving & reserving to each other all due benefitt & 
 advantage of Excons to y° lacertainties & insufficiencies of y° Comp'" bill of complaint 
 for answ' thereto or soe much thereof as concerns them or either of y" to make answ' 
 unto they answ' & say as foUoweth. And iBrst this Def ffrancis Johnson for his pt 
 saith That bee cannot more fully or pticularly make answ' to any of the mars or 
 charges of the Comp'" BiU laid to his charge then w' in & by his former answer by 
 him putt in thereto is already sett forth & expressed ffor hee saith y' hee did not 
 Intermeddle w'" any pt of the psonall estate of W™ Cartwright Dec^ in y° bill named 
 otherwise than is hereinafter sett forth in his this Defts wives answ' shee being the 
 onely pson generally entrusted by the s" M' Cartwright to look after & take care of 
 his concernes att home. And this Deft was employed as his servant to look after his 
 affairs in their Ma"°' Playhouse & to receive his the sd M' Cartwrights allowance out 
 of the pffitts of y° sd playhouse hee being one of the Players there & to ]iay the same 
 unto him w"'" hee accordingly did for ab' y° space of 17 yeares that hee lived w"" him 
 as his servant & was by agreem' to have had from his sd m'. an allowance of 15' 
 p ann during y° time hee lived w"" him But saith there was ab' 5 yeares arreares of 
 the sd allowance due to this defend' att the time of the decease of y" sd William Cart- 
 wright; And the said Jane Johnson for her part saith y' the s* W™ Cartwrio-ht 
 departed this life ab' the middle of December 1687 being then posSed of diverse goods 
 householdstuffe & other psonall estate w""" hee had in the house wherein hee dyed 
 situate in or near Lincolns Inn Pields in the county of Middx hereinafter menconed. 
 And further saith that in or ab' the month of January then next that the Sheriffs 
 officers of the sd county by virtue of some Authority as they alleatred & by the 
 direccons of the Comp"' as this Def hath been credibly Informed did seize & take 
 away not only most of the goods in the sd house (save what is hereinafter menconed) 
 & carried y"" away & never returned the same but also y" took & carried away diverse 
 goods & apparell of those def" w'" are hereafter named viz' Some new Linnen cloath 
 
1 688.] 2 HE CARTWRIGHT BEQUEST. 185 
 
 some pt thereof being cutt out for diverse uses both w""' as well y* cutt as otherwise 
 they took away being of the value of 5' & upwards as also diverse wearing apparell of 
 her this defts & her sd husband worth ah' 10*. And did also take away two bedds a 
 fine fleeced wool blankett & 2 large Chests togeather w'" a trunk & box "full of Linnen 
 as likewise a Jack fireyrons Andyrons Tongs & ftireshovell as also a roasting Yron 
 severall Joint Stooles a large Indian bason & Jugg w"" diverse other things & y* w"" 
 goods were never appraized by y" s* officers nor ever returned again to these Def " 
 Nor to any other pson or psons for their use or any Eecompence or satisfaction for y" 
 same. And as to y* goods of M' Cartwright w"" came to this Defts possion & were by 
 her disposed of & w"" are all the goods of him & y' hee dyed posSed of y' ever came to 
 the Custody of this Deft or her sd husband to her knowledge or beleife or into y° 
 hands Custody or power of any other pson or persons for their or either of their use or 
 uses w""" are as foUoweth viz' Two silver Tankards guilt w"*" shee pawned for 4' a peice 
 & w"" were disposed of by the Pawnbroker in reguard the money Lent thereupon & y° 
 interest demanded did amount as y* Pawnbroker pretended to y' Intrinsick value of 
 y° sd plate. One small amber box or Cabinett w"" this Deft did pawn for 40' & 
 beleives it is not worth much more six books of prints w"" shee sold for 3'. six volumes 
 of playbooks w'" shee sold for 20' , severall small pictures w""" shee sold for 15' a 
 Turkey Carpett w"" shee sold lor ab' 13 or 14', a pr of old decayed brasse candle- 
 sticks and brasse fire Irons sold at 6' & 8*. And this Deft doth verily beleive in her 
 Conscience & is well assured y' there was none other or further benefitt made of the 
 sd goods in any manner of way w'soever y" before mencond. And this Deft confesseth 
 that there came to her hands & custody 390 broad peices of the gold of y* sd M' 
 Cartwright out of w""" this Deft paid for y' burying of the sd M' Cartwright ab' y' 
 sume of 33', payed for rent arreare owing by him 5'. 10'. 0*pd M' Austin the victualler 
 for a score of beer & Ale 4'. 12'. p* to his milkwoman 1'. 19'. 3* pd for his score at the 
 Taverne 1'. 2'. or thereabouts pd his washerwoman a guinea. And further this Deft 
 saith y' shee & her sd husband did constantly Hve w"" the sd M' Cartwright as his 
 servts for the space of 17 yeares & upw^' during all w""* time hee did agree to allow 
 unto this defts sd husband at y" rate of 15' p ann as is herein before specify ed And 
 this Deft doth verily beleive y' there was 4 or 5 yeares arreares of wages due to her 
 sd husband at y" time of the death of their sd Ma' & likewise saith y' y° sd M' 
 Cartwright did agree to give & allow unto her this deft y" sume of 10' p ann for 12 of 
 y' sd 17 yeares & to allow her 13' p ann for y' last 5 yeares in reguard this Deft 
 durinor the sd 5 yeares undertook all the work of the house w"'out an underservant 
 w"" before y' time had been kept but yet y' this Deft could never receive any money 
 from him or other satisfaction for her sd Wages during all his life time. And saith 
 y* her whole wages for y° sd 17 yeares was wholly unsatisfied to her at y' time of M' 
 Cartwright's death & did from time to time excuse y° paym' thereof pretending y' hee 
 would when hee dyed leave all his estate to this Deft & her sd husband with all 
 declaring y' hee kept nothing from this Deft & y' shee had all or most of his estate in 
 her hands & power & w' woiild shee desire more of him or used words to y' or y' like 
 purpose & hee by such Insinuations & promises did from time to time keep off this 
 deft from receiving any pt of her wages notw"'standing shee was a continual! slave to 
 him & seldome suffered to goe abroad for y' w° hee was at home hee required this deft 
 to wive him diligent & constant attendance there, being aged & often infirme & w" hee 
 was abroad hee would not trust any pson in bis house besides this defendant, by 
 reason of which confinem' this deft could not have time for neer 17 yeares togeather 
 to goe to church to serve God by all w"" Itt is very manifest y' this deft had but a 
 VOL. I. 2 a 
 
1 86 HISTORY OF DULWJCH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 very uncomfortable Living during all her service with her sd Ma' whereas w° shee 
 was prevailed w'" to come & live with him as his housekeeper shee was in a good way 
 of living using y' trade of a button maker by w"'' shee did make considerable pfitt. 
 And this Deft moreover saith y' her sd Ma' tow*' pt of satisfaccon of y° kindnesse 
 intended her this Deft & her sd husband for all the service & slavery aforesaid did 
 some time in his life time execute some deed or Writing whereby hee did (as the sd 
 defts are advised) settle y" sume of 16' pr ann chargable by way of annuity or Eent 
 charge out of some houses in or ab' y° Citty of London to bee payable to this deft & 
 her sd husband, during their Lives & the life of the Longer Liver of them & they did 
 accordingly receive y* sd rent for some small time after the death of her sd Ma' & 
 untUl ab' Midsumer 1689 at or ab' w""" time y* Comp"' did (as this deft is informed) 
 obtain some ord'' of this Hono*"" Court whereby to restraine this deft & her sd husband 
 from further receiving the sd Eent of 16' p ann, but for w' Eeason & whether y'= sd 
 ord' bee still in force or not this deft knoweth not. And matters thus standing & 
 there having been very hott psecucons in this Hono'"'' Court & elsewhere ag' her & 
 her sd husband by y" Comp'" & they having caused him to bee Imprisoned did 
 remaine a Prisoner for ab' y' space of 2 yeares. And this deft saith y' a great number 
 of y" sd broad peices were expended in paying y* debts aforesd of her sd Ma'' & in 
 defending of the suites aforesd as also in maintayning her husband in prison during y* 
 time aforesd & pcuring his enlargem' & likewise in maintaining these defts w"" meat 
 drink & other necessaries ever since the paym' of her sd Annuity hath been stopt from 
 y° being abt 4 years & an half since. And this deft further likewise saith y' some 
 yeares since shee finding y' all y" sd broad peices except 140 were by y" means aforesd 
 spent & consumed shee did Deposite y* same in y° hands of one M' Nicholas Arch- 
 Ijold her Counsell desiring y' hee would treat w"" the sd Comp'" & endeavor to psuade 
 y" (having consideracon to these defts paym" troubles & expences aforesd) to accept 
 of y" sd 140 peices in full satisfaccon for all such pt of y' psonall estate of her sd Ma' as 
 came into these defts hands or used words to that purpose & her sd CounseU did upon 
 reception of y" sd peices pmise soe to doe but having once gott y° possion thereof hee 
 did still putt this deft off w"* some prtence or other & soe still neglected to pceed 
 
 therein & did 
 
 (remainder wanting.) 
 
 Some of the lost property might have been recovered had the College 
 been willing to enter into a compromise with. Johnson and his wife, for in 
 the rough account book of John AUeyn, the Warden, is the following 
 entry : — 
 
 Mem: 26 June 1689 : That M' Coats of Gravel Lane next Aldgate and M' 
 Webster of Shoreditch both weavers came to y* coUedge on ace' of ffrancis Jonson and 
 his wife and offerred to y' Master Warden and ffellowes 200"., 2 silver tankards 
 and Turkey carpet if it might be accepted in satisfaction of y" legacy left by 
 M' Cartwiight to y' coUedge and that Jonson and his wife might be discharged 
 thereof. 
 
 viz. 
 
 There is also at Dulwich (MSS. vi. 39) a note of the missing articles, 
 
^688.] THE CARTIVRIGHT BEQUEST. 187 
 
 Cartwright leqxiest. 
 
 Pictures wanting taken out of y" Closet forty & six half y° 
 
 things out of y' blew damaske hoxe . . . 6' 5 
 
 A large Turkey carpet 
 
 2 silver Tankords gilt .... . T 15" 
 
 These goods were appraised only at 6' 5' & 7' 15" & 2' 5', but worth much more. 
 Bp. Halls workes in fol. . , . . ' 
 
 " two shakspares play es 1647 . . . . C 2' ^^ 0* 
 
 Three Ben Jonsons works y" 1" voUum . . 
 
 _ One Ben Jonsons works 2* vollum . 
 This Gold was'i 
 
 confessd by >- 390 broad pieces of old gold. 
 Johnson's wife} 
 
 A Rich Cabbinett inlayd w'" 
 
 Gold of 100" valine. 
 These latter Severall Dyamond Eings 
 
 are discoYerd of about 100" vaUue. 
 
 another way to 
 have come to y° 
 Defts hands. 
 
 Those are all. 
 
 An entry in the audit book dated so late as March 4, 1711/2, shows 
 that some of the diamond rings were afterwards recovered : — 
 
 Memorand that the "Warden of this Colledge hath now rec" of the Master (John 
 Alleyn, who was warden in 1688) two small diamond Eings part of the Estate of M' 
 Cartwright deceased A Benefaction to this place which Eings are to be sold to the 
 best advantage and the money to be applyed for the use of the said Colledge in 
 setting up such Figures as were formerly over the porch but to be of copper instead 
 of stone.* 
 
 The Cartwright Bequest, however reduced from what the Testator 
 intended, was yet a valuable acquisition to the College, specially the 
 pictures and books. A catalogue of the former was compiled in 1884 
 by Mr. J. C. L. Sparkes and the Rev. Canon Carver ; the latter, so far 
 as still at the College, are included in the printed catalogue of the library. 
 (See Chapter on Picture Gallery.) 
 
 It seems clear, from various statements in subsequent documents 
 relating to leases, that a practice had sprung up of letting the lands to 
 persons who divided their holdings into parcels, which they let to sub- 
 tenants at an improved rental. Indications are not wanting of a strong 
 suspicion prevalent at this time, and afterwards, that the Master, Warden, 
 and Assistants were influenced in granting leases by considerations of 
 
 * No record appears elaewliere of these " copper figures." Tliey have long ago disappeared, if 
 indeed thev ever existed. 
 
iS8 
 
 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. 
 
 [a.d. 
 
 favours received or to be received from tlie lessees, and, as a step towards 
 reform, the following order was passed at the audit on the 5th March 
 1687/8 :— 
 
 That for the future, That noe lease or leases shalbee granted by this CoUedge of 
 any of their howses or Lands in DuUwich to any person or persons whatsoever, except 
 onely to such person and persons who shall Inhabitt and occupie such howses and 
 Lands Eespectively, and to noe other person or persons whatsoever unlesse great 
 reason shall hereafter Appeare to the contrary. 
 
 On the 1st June 1689, Benjamin Bynes, who had been a poor scholar, 
 and was sent to Cambridge in 1676, was admitted preacher without drawing 
 lots as provided in the statutes. The Dulwich MSS. (vi, 37) contain the 
 following account of his expenses at the University, endorsed — " A copie 
 " of S"" Bynes his charge at y'' University. Giuen to y° master under his 
 " owne hand January 2* 81." 
 
 An account of S' (sholar) Bines his charge att the University yearly viz' 
 
 Commons 2' 2* p. week is yearly 
 
 Syzeing weekly 2' p. week 
 
 Bedmaker p. anu. 
 
 Barber p. ann. . 
 
 Washing p. ann. 
 
 firing 
 
 Detriments and Chamber rent 
 
 Tot is 
 ffor clothes and expences 
 
 Doctor James * sends word that he hath 28' pr. ann., but he makes a querie how the 
 8' p. ann. comes to him. He declares that he was sick a whole winter and it cost him 
 five pounds. To all these particulars he hath set his hand to the truth of it. 
 
 Mr. Bynes at once took a strong view of the illegality of Archbishop 
 Sheldon's Injunctions, and following the example of his predecessor Mr. 
 Brockett, refused to sign the accounts ; so on the 4th March 1689/90 an 
 order for his expulsion was entered in the audit book in the following 
 terms : — 
 
 Whereas M"" Benj. Bynes sen' ffeUow of this CoUedge has been refractory and 
 disobedient to the M' ajid Warden in disobeying their lawfull comands for which hee 
 may Justly bee expelled (hee now refusing to submitt to the orders of the M' Warden 
 ffellowes & assistants) therefore it is ordered and Agreed that hee bee expelled for the 
 same and hee is expelled accordingly. 
 
 This order, however, was not signed, " upon hopes of M' Bynes his 
 
 • Dr, Henry James was President of Queen's College, CamLridge, from 1675 to 1717. 
 
 1. s. 
 
 d. 
 
 05 12 
 
 8 
 
 05 04 
 
 
 
 00 12 
 
 
 
 00 10 
 
 
 
 01 00 
 
 
 
 00 10 
 
 
 
 02 00 
 
 
 
 15 08 
 
 8 
 
 12 11 
 
 4 
 
1690.] EXPULSION OF THE REV. BENJAMIN BYNES. 189 
 
 " amendment," but on the 19t]i July 1690 the Warden made the following 
 entry in his weekly account book : — 
 
 Mem: That on this day M' Benjamin Bynes one of the ffellows of this Colledge 
 for severall misdemeanors breaches and contempts of the statutes of the said Colledge 
 and of his oath, and disobedience to y° Master's reasonable comands, and pticularly 
 by a willful and obstinate refusing the said Master admittance into his the said Bynes' 
 chamber at a seasonable time w""" he ought to have done according to y' statutes of 
 the said Colledge was therefore lawfully expelled. 
 
 P* M' Bynes his Sallary to y" 15'" ins' inclusive being 
 
 3 weekes (from Midsummerday) . . . 00 14 00 
 
 Given him at y' same time as a Charity by and w"" y" 
 
 consent of y° Master and Fellowes . . . 01 00 00 
 
 At the audit on the 4th September 1690 this expulsion was confirmed 
 by the following order : — 
 
 Ordered that whereas M' Benj° Bynes on the IS"" day of July last for severall 
 misdemeanors breaches and contempts of the said statutes of the said Colledge and 
 his Oath and disobedience to the masters reasonable comands & pticularly by a 
 wilfull and obstinate refuseing the sd M"' admittance into his the sd Bynes his 
 Chamber at a seasonable time which hee ought to have done according to the statutes 
 of the sd Colledge was therefore lawfully expelled. Now the aforesaid order is fully 
 rattified and confirmed. 
 
 Mr, Bynes' successor was appointed on the 21st August 1690. This 
 successor was Kichard Prichard, who was himself subsequently expelled for 
 refusing to sign the accounts, and in his defence on that occasion he gives 
 the following account of Mr. Bynes' final expulsion : — 
 
 He is credibly informed y° s* M' Bynes did refuse to sign y° accounts for some 
 time and that there was an order of expulsion drawn up ag" him, whether for Dis- 
 obedience to y' Masters Comands in that particular of signing the Books or for what 
 other pretence of reason y" s^ Eichard Prichard cannot be positive, but upon certain 
 Information is assured that y' same order however entered or by whomsoever sub- 
 scribed was not put in execution, untOl that some considerable time after, y' present 
 master (John AUeyn), soon after his entrance upon his office as Master, in some Heat 
 demanded y° College books and Bedding of M' Bynes, w"" he had by y" consent of y* 
 Society enjoyed y° use of, and being unprovided at that time of Bedding for his 
 present use was loath to part w'" that he had, untiU he could be otherwise furnished, 
 whereupon y° Master came to his chamber door with one or more of y' College 
 servants attending him in order to take away y' Bedding : w"" the said M' Bynes 
 beia<T apprehensive of, refused y° Master admittance into his chamber, whereupon y' 
 s* M^aster drew up an order of expulsion ag" him grounded on stat. 56 signed by 
 himself and two of y° Fellows which s* order was forthwith put in execution ag" him 
 and for want of countenance and capacity y' s* M' Bynes was forced to submitt to y' 
 same, not making Appeal to the Visitor or any other Judge to hear and determine y' 
 Lecraiity or Illegality of y' s" expulsion. Notwithstanding it is confessed y* s* M' 
 
igo HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 Bynes iu some Time after did give in a Paper to my Lord Bisliop of London (then 
 one of y° Comissioners for y° see of Canterbury) representing in some measure y" 
 abuse of the Charity, y" missaplication of y° Eevenue and the wrong done to the 
 poor by detaining their Proportions in a dividend which he alledged ought to have 
 been made out of the Improvement of the Estate. To w"" Paper the present Master 
 drew up an Answer and prevailed upon the warden and three of the ffellows unwarily 
 to sign the same, the said Warden and ffellows having been but a few months before 
 elected into y° College, and y° s* Eich* Prichard y° latest of y" four among y° rest not 
 understanding y" state of y' college did approve of and subscribed to that plausible 
 gloss w"" y' s" master had put upon y' matter. However y" only one of y° ffellows 
 who was of any standing in y' CoUedge to know the management of y° aifaires 
 thereof did refuse to sign y" said Answear. 
 
 At the previous audit on the 4tli March 1689/90, Isaac Dismaviritts, a 
 poor scholar, was sent to Oxford ; but although money was granted him for 
 the purpose of taking the degrees both of Bachelor and Master of Arts, his 
 name does not appear in the list of graduates. 
 
 Kichard AUeyn, the Master, died on the 28th June 1690, having held 
 the mastership for four years only. He was succeeded by John Alleyn, the 
 Warden, and an election of a new Warden, held on the 20th July 1690, 
 resulted in the admission of Thomas Alleyn. At the new Warden's first 
 audit on the 4th September 1690, there was due to the College £126. 5s. 8d. 
 with arrears of £50. 10s., and £100 was once more put into the treasury 
 chest, the Fellows at that time being Eichard Prichard, who had succeeded 
 Benjamin Bynes as preacher on the 21st August 1690 ; Alexander Alcock, 
 who had been elected schoolmaster on the 20th March 1689/90 ; Jacob 
 Lewis,* elected usher the 15th July 1690; and Charles Garraway, who 
 had been organist since the 1st May 1676. Mr. Alcock resigned on the 
 26th September 1691, and was succeeded by Mr, Thomas Baker on the 5th 
 November. 
 
 At this time the opposition commenced by Mr. Brockett, and lately 
 renewed by Mr. Bynes, to those parts of Archbishop Sheldon's Injunctions 
 which authorized the payments to the thirty out-members, and the expen- 
 diture of £10 per annum for the repair of the highway between Dulwich 
 and Camberwell, was in fuU force, all the Fellows being against the Master 
 and Warden, who supported the payments. The latter could, of course, do 
 no otherwise than obey the Injunctions, and they prevented the Fellows 
 from making any order against such payments by enforcing the Injunction 
 that no order should be valid unless either the Master or Warden, or both 
 were of the majority. The preacher had, however, the possession of the 
 
 * Weekly Account BooK-Memorand :— That on this day the 15'" of this instaat July. M' Jacob 
 Lewis had his admission and was sworn Usher of the Schol in this CoUedge in the room of 
 M' Humphery Collins who was elected and had a lott for y» same place on the 31" Mav last h,,J 
 never came after to do any duty therein t,^"- admission of the said ^' Lewis was by the consent and 
 approbation of his Grace ArchBopp of Cant and alsoe of his Lordsp the Bishop of London. 
 
1691.] ORDER BY THE FELLOWS. 191 
 
 Eegister, and as the fines inflicted on Elias Alleyn, when Warden, for 
 peculation, had been recorded in that book, they determined to make that 
 fact a precedent, and proceeded to make the following order, treating the 
 Warden's payment of £10 to the highway surveyors as an illegality equally 
 deserving of a fine : — ^ 
 
 Whereas on Saturday the 31" of 8*" 1691, the Warden and FeUowes according to 
 the Statutes of their College and a former agream't betwixt the Master Warden and 
 fellowes of the said College, did meet in the Parlour to hear and examine the Ace", 
 Eeceites and disbursemts of the Warden of the said College, But the warden, 
 refusing to give his accounts according to the said agr'mt and the statutes of the said 
 College, notwithstanding his being requir'd and sent for to, for that purpose (alledging 
 that he owed us the feUowes not soe much service). Wee therefore the Fellowes of the 
 said CoUege, on the examination of his ace" by a true copy of the same, finding that 
 the said Warden had clandestinely lay'd out the sume of ten p^' without the know- 
 ledge and consent of any of the Fellowes, or the major pt of the Society the same 
 appearing not legally done. We the said Fellowes, being the major part of the Society 
 have thought fitt to declare and adjudge the said warden to have thereby forfeited the 
 sume of twenty p^' and therefore according to the 13 Stat in that case made and pro- 
 vided, we doe thereby punish and amerce the said Warden in the sume of twenty pds, 
 to be payd at the Board on Friday next ensuing the date hereof, being the next private 
 sitting to the master of the CoUedge for the use of the said College. 
 
 Witnesse our hands. Eichaed Prichaed 
 
 Jac. Lewis 
 Chaeles Gaeeaway. 
 
 The Master and Warden treated the above order as null and void, and 
 the Fellows retaliated by refusing to sign the Warden's weekly accounts, 
 a proceeding which caused him much inconvenience, these weekly dis- 
 charges being the vouchers for his expenses that he was accustomed to place 
 before the assistants at the half-yearly audits. In previous times the Arch- 
 bishop would, no doubt, have at once interfered, but the position of the see 
 of Canterbury was at that time peculiar. Archbishop Sancroffc had refused 
 to take the oath of allegiance to William and Mary, and had been more or 
 less suspended for some years previous to his deposition in 1691 (whence 
 the reference to the Bishop of London, who had charge of the see), and it 
 is quite possible that the Master and Warden may have been among those 
 hicfh churchmen who declined to recognise Archbishop Tillotson, who had 
 succeeded Bancroft in the latter's lifetime. 
 
 Sancroft's own feeling in the matter was so bitter that he deliberately 
 died intestate, preferring to allow his property to be divided^ amongst his 
 heirs-at-law rather than to permit his will to be proved, as it must have 
 been, in the court of his successor. His books and papers, which he had 
 intended to leave to Emmanuel College, Cambridge, were, with the excep- 
 tion of a few books and classical MSS., which he presented to that CoUege 
 
192 
 
 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 in his lifetime, inlierited by his heirs-at-law, and dispersed. Those, or 
 some of those, relating to Dulwich College were purchased by Dr. Tanner, 
 Bishop of St. Asaphs, and form part of the Tanner MSS. presented by him 
 to the Bodleian Library at Oxford. 
 
 Archbishop Tillotson, however, died on the 22nd November 1694, 
 being succeeded by Dr. Thomas Tenison, Bishop of Lincoln, and the 
 College at once brought their domestic affairs to his knowledge. 
 
 Meanwhile on the 4th March 1690, it had been ordered that the two 
 front gates of the College "be new made." On the 5th September 1692, 
 the £100 deposited in the treasury chest on the 4th September 1690 had. 
 been taken out for the necessary uses and to defray the debts of the College. 
 
 The Master and Warden, as stated above, brought the affairs of the 
 College before the Archbishop early in 1695, presenting a petition com- 
 plaining of the conduct of Mr. Prichard, the preacher, Mr. Baker, the 
 schoolmaster, and Mr. Garraway, the organist — 
 
 Who not content witli their imployments nor with the statutes to which they are 
 sworn, nor with the said Injunctions made by your Grace's predecessor, tho' confirmed 
 by severall subsequent orders, doe frequently speak very disdainfully of them, and the 
 schoolmaster neglects the school and Publique prayers to the reproach of the CoUedge 
 and detriment of the place and not only so but they refuse to comply with the payment 
 of such sums as are in the said statutes positively directed or to signe the weekly 
 accounts (which are the warden's vouchers) and so have been by custom and Practice 
 ever since the Founder's time whereby the peace of the Society has been much dis- 
 turbed and your Pet" HI treated and hindred from doing their duty for the good and 
 benefit of the said Colledge. 
 
 The Archbishop siimmoned the three Fellows complained of, and on the 
 22nd June 1695 they appeared before him and Thomas Tyllot, notary 
 public, at Lambeth. They admitted freely having said that " the Injunc- 
 " tions were contrary to the letters Patent of King James the first, and 
 " that the Founder had in making his statutes exceeded the power granted 
 " to him thereby," whereupon his Grace " monished them to forbear reflect- 
 " ing upon their founder." On the question of signing the accounts, Mr. 
 Baker stated that he had signed them, but the other two Fellows justified 
 their refusal to do so, " for that there was charged in them sixty pounds to 
 " the outmembers and Tenn pounds towards repairing the highway, and 
 " that the warden had therein set downe six pounds tenn shillino-s for his 
 " man's wages for a year whereas he had paid him but five pounds." This 
 the "Warden denied, alleging that " he paid him above seven pounds per 
 " annum." The Master and Warden then complained that the school and 
 the public prayers were neglected, alleging, in particular, that the school- 
 master was accustomed to be absent three or four days in a week without 
 
i69S-] PETITION TO THE VISITOR. 193 
 
 leave, and that there had been no service in the chapel on Sunday the 2nd 
 of June last. Mr, Baker, in reply, claimed his right under the statutes to 
 be absent two days a week, and denied longer absence without leave. It 
 appearing that no record of leaves or " exitts " granted was kept, the Arch- 
 bishop ordered the Master " to provide a Booke for that purpose and that 
 " for the future all exitts or leaves should be there registered." As to the 
 omission of service on the 2nd June, Mr. Baker stated that it was not his 
 turn to officiate, and Mr. Prichard excused his absence by stating that he 
 had preached at Clapham that afternoon. This brought down the Arch- 
 bishop with an inquiry " if hee had any license to preach out of the CoUedge 
 " and hee replying that hee had not his Grace admonished him for the future 
 " not to preach in his Diocese without license." He seems to have gone 
 further, and to have threatened to write to the Bishop of Winchester, the 
 diocesan of Dulwich, as will appear hereafter in a letter of JVIr. Prichard's. 
 Then Yeo, one of the twelve poor brethren of the CoUege, appeared and 
 " alleadged that by reason of the smalnes of their allowance they were 
 " forced to bee absent some time from the said CoUedoje to worke for their 
 " better support and that tliough hee had leave to bee absent yet the Master 
 " in his absence deducted two pence a day which was one third part of their 
 " dayly allowance." The Master admitted the fact, and defended the 
 deduction, " for that the old men sold that allowance when they were soe 
 " absent and that when they were absent there was the less baked and 
 " brewed," and thereupon " his Grace approved of what the said Master had 
 " done therein and ordered that they should not have any allowance of 
 " Bread and Beere when they w^ere absent." 
 
 Mr. Prichard and Mr. Garraway being asked what further objections 
 they had against " the foresaid accompts," requested time to prepare their 
 objections, and to be allowed to inspect all the books of accounts. 
 
 His Grace declared that " he did allowe of the payment of outmembers 
 " and towards the repaire of the highwayes, and that, that ought not to bee 
 " any objection against their so signing, but that it was his opinion they 
 " ought to signe the said accompts and monished the said M' Prichard and 
 " M'' Garraway by vertue of their oaths to signe the same." He then ap- 
 pointed " this day sennight," the 29th June, to hear their objections to 
 other items in the account, and ordered that they should be allowed to 
 inspect all the books in the presence of the Master or Warden on Wednesday 
 the 26th June from one to five o'clock in the afternoon. 
 
 The hearing was then adjourned to the 29th June, and all parties were 
 "monished" to appear, the Warden being ordered to "bring his man with 
 
 "him." 
 
 Accordino-ly all parties attended on the 29th June, including Maurice 
 Williams, the Warden's servant, who " owned that he had but five pounds 
 
 VOL. I. 2 b 
 
194 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 " p. annum payd him to his wages but had Cloaths from his master yearly 
 " to above the value of thirty shillings," and that he had rather have the 
 clothes than thirty shillings in money. 
 
 The Master complained that Mr. Garraway had, by " what means he 
 " knew not," obtained copies of the Deed of Foundation, of the Deed of 
 Uses, and of other " writeings " relating to the College, " which hee conceived 
 " he ought not to have," and his Grace monished Mr. Garraway "to_ bring 
 " into the Treasury copys of all such writeings in his custody relateing to 
 " the CoUedge w'^'' had not beene extracted out of Publick offices." The 
 Fellows being again asked what further objections they had to the accounts, 
 Mr. Baker complained of a fine of 6s. 8d., which was remitted, and the other 
 two had none to" offer, but desired that his Grace "would visitt the 
 " Colledge." The Archbishop ordered them to present a petition, setting 
 forth " weighty reasons why they desired it," on the 29th July, or to sign 
 the accounts before that date. Mr. Prichard thereupon replied, insisting 
 " that hee was not obliged by Lawe, or the statutes of the Colledge 
 " to signe the accompts and that where there was noe lawe there was 
 " noe Transgression." 
 
 On the 29th July Mr. Garraway withdrew his demand for a visitation, 
 and the time for the presentation of the petition of Mr. Prichard was 
 extended to the 12th of August; the latter also presented the following 
 letter praying for a withdrawal of the admonition not to preach in the 
 diocese of Canterbury, and requesting the Archbishop to stay Mr. Tyllot's 
 hand from writing to the Bishop of Winchester : — 
 
 May it please your Grace. 
 
 S' Paul in his own vindication spoke rashly & rudely to y° high Priest & wist not, 
 considered not he was the high Priest of whome it was a sin, at least of Infirmity to 
 utter such harsh speeches. My Lord, I confesse I may have spoaken unadvisedly 
 & unhecomingly in y' Grace's Presence tho' not yet of you even out of Presence : And 
 what I have either spoken or acted in point of Reflection upon any pson in nay present 
 case was indeliberatly done thro' a sensible Eesentment of injured Innocence. I am 
 sincerely sorry for what I have indiscreetly spoken thro' an immoderate Zeal even for 
 y* Honour of God & Good of my Brethren. I hope with y' assistance of y° meek & 
 imaculate Lamb for y" future to be able to qualify that intemperate & unseasonable 
 Zeal w""" proceeds more from y° Frame of my nature than the Pault of my Will. 
 
 My Lord y' first Admonishion was a great Affliction tho' I lost nothing by being 
 more then ordinarily obedient to y' Restraint. But this second method of Punishment 
 is a Treating of me as guilty of y° highest Imorality or Heresy. If I am represented 
 to y'' Grace as such I desire to be accused openly & condemned to Inflictions suitable 
 to my Crimes if I am found guilty either in Life or Doctrine. But untill such things 
 be proved of me I humbly crave y' Grace would vouchafe to take my Admonishion in 
 y' consideration to withdraw it, since I never did preach nearer y' Diocese then at 
 Lewisham for M' Stanhope, at Beckenham for D' Ashton & once at Bromley for y" 
 Bp of Rochester & likewise be graciously pleased to stop M' Tillots hand from writing 
 
i695-] THE REV. RICHARD PRICHARD. 195 
 
 to my Lord of Winchester since y' Grace's Prohibition in this kind is an implicit 
 Accusation of my Life and Doctrine. Y' Grace's Complyance with this my most 
 humble & most earnest Bequest will engage y° most fervent Supplications & Prayers 
 
 of y"" most humble Son 
 
 & afflicted Servant 
 
 July 29. 1695. Eichakd Peichaed. 
 
 On the same sheet of paper is also written : — 
 
 My Lord. Notwithstanding I am thus earnestly desirous of my Liberty untill 
 such time as I abuse it & y' Grace or others of my Eight Eev'* Fathers do jusly (sic) 
 silence me I doe sincerely assure y' Grace that I have not made one peny Proiit of it 
 since y° Fast Day appointed ab' the later end of Aug' or Begining of September last 
 past that I received 40 shilling for preaching at y° Temple upon sudden & short 
 notice. My only Aim & End in preaching abroad upon accidental occasions being 
 to oblige & serve my neighbour in his necessity & doing Good to y' Publick as far 
 as I may be capable, neither am I (if I know my own Heart) so vain as to think I can 
 doe better then others. And I appeal to y° impartial character of all my neighbouring 
 Brethren to wipe off y° false suggestion of M' Warden's last Aspersion upon me. 
 
 I am, y' Graces 
 
 Most obedient Son & unworthy Serv' 
 
 E. P. 
 
 T' Grace in due time may be undeceived in y" wrong account you may have had 
 of my temper w""" I hope has been & by the Grace of God (remainder mutilated and 
 illegible). 
 
 Mr. Prichard duly presented his petition on the 19 th August. It 
 consisted of twenty articles, to each of which the Master and Warden 
 answered, Mr. Prichard " replicated," and finally the Archbishop gave his 
 decision on it. 
 
 1. Article 1 accused the Master and Warden of carrying out Archbishop 
 Sheldon's Injunctions " contrary to the practice of former times for fourty 
 " one years together immediately after the death of the founder." 
 
 To this the answer practically was that the Injunctions were binding o 
 the College. 
 
 Mr. Prichard in his replication entered into a very long argument to 
 prove the contrary ; and the Archbishop declared "he has read and con- 
 " sidered the statutes and Injunctions and that he did not think fitt to 
 " alter the same, nor did find that the Master or Warden had acted contrary 
 " to them." 
 
 2. The second article complained that the Master and Warden had 
 " accepted of a dispensation from observing severall of the statutes" by 
 " neglecting to maintaine Husbandry Brewing and managing the woods in 
 •' their own hands," and otherwise. 
 
1 96 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICII COLLEGE. [a. d 
 
 To tliis they replied that matters were now as they had found them 
 at their admission, and that what had been done had been authorized by 
 the Injunctions. 
 
 Mr. Prichard combined this article with the first in his replication, and 
 the Archbishop " declared that he did not find any proofe of this article, 
 " but that the M'' and Warden had acted according to the Statutes and 
 " Injunctions," and that his Grace did not at present think fit to alter any 
 of the said Injunctions. 
 
 3 and 4. The third article accused the Master and Warden of acting 
 inconsistently with their oaths by admitting the assistants to a share of the 
 government of the College ; and the fourth asserted " that the six assistants 
 " by their present practice invert the Designe of the Institution and defeat 
 " the intent of the fibunder in ordaining them." 
 
 To this it was answered that " the Assistants are appointed and their 
 " allowances defined by statute " ; and the fourth article was met by a 
 simple denial. 
 
 The replication of Mr. Prichard on this subject is given somewhat at 
 length, as this question was for many years debated. 
 
 He denied the right of the assistants in toto, saying : — 
 
 And that these assistants ought to be excluded and that y° thirty outmembers 
 had no Eight to their Pensions was once y° opinion of the present Eespondent Thomas 
 AUeyn and being afterwards charged with the Alteration of his Judgni' he sayd he had 
 changed his mind Because that if the Assistants were excluded there would be no 
 abiding for him in y" College, intimating thereby, if not plainly confessing, that these 
 Assistants were y* only support he had to justify his accounts ag" y' Objections of y* 
 Fellows and to punish y° fiellows for not subscribing to y" same which matter of fact 
 appeares true from their Proceedings the two last audits, by voting and si^nino- of 
 Orders of f&nes and expulsion ag' such of y" ffellows who refused to subscribe the s* 
 Accounts. 
 
 He then went on to define the duties of the assistants as ordained by 
 the statutes, and proceeded : — 
 
 Thus far it may be allowed, the ffounder might lawfully constitute y" .s" church- 
 wardens as Assistants by theii pticular Inspection into y° affairs of y° College and by 
 their Advice &c to promote the wellfare thereof : Now this Part w"'' the s* Eichard 
 Prichard lookes upon as y' whole of their duty they so far neglect that they make 'no 
 farther enquiry into the matter then to hear the Receipts of y» Eents & other sums 
 read out by j' Clerk as also y' sums total of y' weekly Disbursements, then cast up 
 the fiigures to see if j' BaUance according to the greater sums of Eeceipts and 
 Disbursements be rightly computed, w"" done by one or two they all si"a y= bookes 
 and adjourn to Dinner where there is exceeding y° allowance of y« Statutes After 
 w"" they give their votes in makeing of Orders for Leases or other publick businessa 
 tor r most parte if not aUwayes as y' s" Eich- Prichard may safely aUed<^e for these 
 five yeares last, accordmg as they find y' Inclinations of the Eespondents bent- 
 
i695-] THE REV. RICHARD PRICHARD 197 
 
 Whereupon one of y' Respondents pays them the severall sum of their Demands w""" 
 in y° whole amounts to about 60" a year, after which they put an end to their short 
 visit and repaire to their respective homes, neglecting as they are required by y" 
 96 statute and put in mind of y" same by y° ffellows, to view y° Plate and evidences 
 in y° Treasury chest and chamber on y° fourth of September and on y° 4'" of March as 
 they are required by y° 94 statute to view y' Building and make sufficient Orders for 
 y* Reparation thereof where it is needful. The examination of half a years aects 
 lasting but ab' half an hour in y° morning and the Debate of other Businesse in y" 
 afternoon lasting ab' an hour and a half as near as y° • -• - - - ■ - 
 
 He then further argued against the assistants having votes, insisting that 
 
 if the second statute which appoints .them is to be observed, the other part 
 
 of it which appoints chanters should be observed also ; and that if only 
 
 part of the said statute is to be observed, that appointing chanters should 
 
 be as " being of most use to promote y' service of God and the wellfare of 
 
 " y° Place." He went on to complain that the assistants were unfit for 
 
 their ofiice : " men of small Insight in Laws and Constitutions and slender 
 
 ' AbUitys for y* Government and Regulation of a Corporation to w'^'' they 
 
 ' pretend authority." " However," he added, " thus unqualified as well as 
 
 ' unauthorised for these offices they have for a long Time usurped y* same 
 
 ' to the manifest Prejudice of the Corporation by outvoting the licenc'd 
 
 ' members in severall things, particularly in y* choice of wardens of mean 
 
 ' educations, suitable {sic) Qualifications and perhaps not of y° clearest 
 
 ' integrity for y" discharge of their Dutys as may appear by y° ffine and 
 
 ' suspension of one former warden for defrauding y° College to be seen in 
 
 ' y® same Eegister Booke wherein y° 20" ffine of y° present warden is 
 
 ' entered pursuant to stat. 93 : whereas Stat. 15 for election of y° warden 
 
 ' only sayes y* assistants shall be present thereat w"*" if it be interpreted 
 
 ' that they are required to be there in order to vote or else to no Purpose 
 
 ' then ought also y" Junior ffellows to be there according to y'' same statute 
 
 ' to ballance their votes." 
 
 To the third article his Grace " declared that the Master and Warden 
 ' have done nothing but what is warranted by and agreable to the flounders 
 ' statutes and Visitors Injunctions " ; and to the fourth he " declared there 
 ' was no proof made of this article." 
 
 5. The fifth article accused the Master of arbitrary conduct in — 
 1st, Taking books out of the custody of the Senior Fellow ; 2nd, Insisting 
 on the Senior Fellow being in residence on the " first day of the week," 
 whereas the statutes allowed him two days' absence in every week ; 3rd, 
 Insisting on the signature of the accounts ; and 4th, Punishing the Fellows 
 without previous admonition and without a full attendance of the Society. 
 To this the Master and Warden replied : — 
 
1 98 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.p. 
 
 1. That there were but few books belonging to the College, "and 
 " to the best of this Kespondents judgement they would not yeild to 
 " be sold tenn shillings," and denied refusing access to any books except 
 to those of the Cartwright Bequest, as explained in connection with 
 Article 16. 
 
 2. That it being the Senior Fellow's duty to preach in the chapel on 
 Sunday, they conceived they were right in insisting upon his presence on 
 that day ; but that Mr. Prichard, notwithstanding, absented himself, and 
 forced them to " hire one to preach in his roome." 
 
 3. That the signing of the Warden's accounts was necessary and 
 customary ; and 
 
 4. They denied that they had punished any Fellow without previous 
 admonition or without a full board, " though they beleive that if those w* 
 " were faulty did confederate together and absent themselves on purpose to 
 " prevent or delay punishment in such case they might proceed and punish 
 " without a full board." 
 
 Mr. Prichard in his replication asserted : — 
 
 1. That he had possession of several books " which he found in his predecessor's 
 " chamber," but that on the occasion of a quarrel between the Master and Fellows the 
 Master " in an angry and spitef uU manner coruands y° s* Eich* Prichard to return him 
 " y' s* bookes and some other goods which were left in bis chamber since his Pre- 
 " decessor's time," which he did in fear of expulsion, and also declares that the Eegister 
 book was taken from him by the Master and detained " for a considerable time." 
 
 2. He insisted that he had a right to be absent on a Sunday, " provided he takes 
 " care y' his Duty be duly supplied in his absence," which he affirmed he had always 
 done, except " on or about y° first second and third Sundays in November 1691, when 
 " y' Saturday preceding y' first of these Sundays y° warden did forbid y° s* Eich* 
 " Prichard to goe into y° Pulpit y° next day and threatened him if he did attempt it, 
 " he would have him dragged out by y° Heels for w"'' cause to prevent Disturbance and 
 " Scandal the s*" Eicl/ Prichard did absent himself from his Duty w"" he was hindered 
 " quietly to perform untill such Time as he brought an Inhibition from the Visitor to 
 " stop their proceedings and give the said Eich" Prichard quiet Possession and enjoym' 
 " of his Place, untill y* meritt of y° cause were heard during w""" Time of y' s* Eich* 
 " Prichard's unjust and arbitrary exclusion out of his Place, it is confessed y" 
 " Eespondents did hire some Persons to preach in his stead and pay'd them out of y° 
 " College Eevenues." 
 
 3. He denied that the signing of accounts is a "lawfull and fitt matter," and 
 argued at length against the practice of the Pellows signing them ; and 
 
 4. He challenged the Eespondent to produce books in which admonitions are 
 entered, and avered "that he knew not of any such busiaesse to be debated nor was he 
 " nor even M' Lewis himself present when y° order was made for makeing his ffellow- 
 " ship voyd w'" y' Law of the Land, together w'" an order of King and Councill 
 " qualifyed him to keep as consistent with his Chaplainship at Sea, while he proposed 
 " a sufficient supply of his Place in his absence." 
 
I69S-J THE REV. RICHARD PRICHARD. 
 
 199 
 
 The judgment of the Archbishop is recorded as follows : — 
 
 " His Grace declared that there was no proof of the Master's command- 
 " ing the Senior ffellowe to deliver up CoUedge bookes, he only inspected 
 " the same and returned them back. That the Master did well to command 
 " the senior ffellowe to stay at home the first day of the week, the Statutes 
 " not allowing the Senior Fellow to bee absent that day, it being his duty 
 " to preach, and his Grace haveing seen the account Bookes of Ace'' of the 
 " Colledge expence, and finding they were alwaies signed by the Fellowes 
 " weekly does think it reasonable that custom should be continued, and did 
 " order the said M' Prichard and M' Garraway to sign them and the M' and 
 " Warden complaining that the ffellowes had entred an order in the Colledge 
 " Kegistry Booke for fineing the Warden twenty pounds, his Grace ordered 
 " the same and all other Orders to be expunged, and declared there is no 
 " Proof or Instance of Punishing any ffellowes but where the complaints 
 " have joyned." 
 
 6 and 7. The sixth and seventh articles complained of partiality on the 
 part of the Master and Warden, " only such of the fellowes who have refused 
 " to sign the ace*' " having been punished, and neglects of duty on the part 
 of the poor brethren, sisters, and servants, being left unpunished, " although 
 " proposed by some of the ffellowes." 
 
 The Master and Warden simply replied that " the same are false," while 
 Mr. Prichard challenged them to produce " y° Pretended booke of orders." 
 
 The Archbishop decided that neither of these articles was proved. 
 
 8. The eighth article alleged, " That the service of Almighty God is 
 " not performed in the Chappell after the due manner prescribed by the 
 " ffounder in the 60* statute." 
 
 To this the Master and Warden replied that the service was performed 
 in accordance with the statutes except as to singing, "which to attempt 
 " without a Choir of singing men would bee a meanes to expose that 
 " solemn service to censure and contempt," and Mr. Prichard retorted that 
 it would be possible to sing in the chapel, that it was done in former 
 times, " and that the Respondents not complying with y* Organist's reason- 
 " able Request has been a meanes to dissapoint us of that Performance w"'' 
 " might otherwise be expected from y* Boyes." 
 
 The Archbishop declared " that he did not find any fault in the Master 
 " or Warden as to this matter, for that it does not appeare there ever were 
 " any Chaunters since the ffoundation, nor will the estate of the Colledge 
 " bear that charge." 
 
 9. The ninth article alleged that the Master and Warden " neglect to 
 " make orders at private sittings or keep a book for that use to the intent 
 " as wee presume that they might order things more according to their 
 " own wUls," 
 
20O HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 The Master and "Warden asserted that they "always had and have a booke 
 " for that use," and Mr. Prichard replied that " he never to his knowledge 
 " did see that booke w""* y° Eespond" may affirm to be their Book of Orders 
 " except when the orders of ffines and expulsions were entred ag^' himself, 
 " w"'' were sign'd only by y° Respond'^"' and that having attended the 
 private sittings for five years, " in all this Time could he never have y° said 
 '' book to enter orders in, nor are there any orders as ever the s* Eich*^ 
 " Prichard could hear of entred in y® s* Book except those ag* such of y* 
 " ffellows who have refused to sign y* accounts." 
 
 The Archbishop said, "The M'^ and warden produced the book for 
 " entring Orders at private sittings and his Grace ordered the same should 
 " be brought and used at such sittings." 
 
 10. The tenth article alleged that "the Master and Warden, in the 
 " expences of the CoUedge do not keep within the bounds prescribed by 
 " the statute 119." 
 
 To this the Master and Warden replied " that they endeavour to keep 
 " the expences within the statutory bounds," but pleaded exceptional 
 expenses for repairs, and for expenses of suits in Chancery and other 
 courts. 
 
 Mr. Prichard merely reasserted his complaint, and the decision of the 
 Archbishop was : " His Grace haveing inspected the Bookes of acc*^ he 
 " found no just cause of complaint." 
 
 11. The eleventh article was, "That the warden does not clear his ace*' 
 " on the fourth of March as the statutes direct" (Stat. 94). 
 
 The Warden answered that " he does clear his accounts every audit viz* 
 " on the 4*'' of March and 4*'' of September, so far as is possible," that " what- 
 " ever was not rec* was returned in arreare," and that all tradesmen had 
 notice to come and receive their money, " and if they did not then the 
 " money was in cash to answere and discharge the said Bills whenever the 
 " Tradesmen came and were never entred or charged as paid till thev were 
 "paid." 
 
 Mr. Prichard replied that the Warden refused to state what " mony is 
 " due to the Tradesmen he deales with so y* y* ffellows and assistants are 
 " in a great measure ignorant of y° state of y° College." 
 
 The Archbishop remarked, " The books of Acc*^' being shown his Grace 
 " declared he found no just cause of complaint." 
 
 12. The twelfth article complained, " That sinister methods have been 
 " made use of by the Master to render 10" in appearance payable to the 
 " highways contrary to the true intent of the ffounder and injustifiable by 
 " the statutes as was paid by the Warden into the Master's hands in the 
 " year 1691 : that the Warden was fined 20" for the same according to 
 " the Statute in that behalf provided, but has not yet paid the money." 
 
1695-] MR. PRICHARUS ARTICLES. 201 
 
 The Master in his reply to this article " denyes he has used any sinister 
 " methods to render Tenn pounds payable to the Highwaies as is safely 
 " suggested but sayes that as well by the ffounders statute 117 as by the 
 " Visitors Injunctions the same is ordered to be paid and therefore in the 
 " said yeare 1691, he beleives the Warden did pay to the Master tenne 
 " pounds for that purpose which he paid accordingly as appears by a 
 " Receipt from the Officers of Dulwich and a discharge of the Justices of 
 " the peace thereupon, and as touching the ffine of Twenty pounds imposed 
 " upon the warden they conceive the same to be done by a very unwar- 
 " ran table order and in a clandestine manner made in private by the com- 
 " plaint (sic) Richard Prichard and his complices in a booke usually kept 
 " by the Senior ffellowe onely to enter therein the names of such persons 
 " as are from time to time recv'^ into the CoUedge and when they departe 
 " from thence and for marriages, christenings and burialls and was made 
 " without the knowledge of the Master and Warden which by the statute 
 " 30*'' but more positively by the Injunctions ought not to bee as appears 
 " by the S''' Injunction wherein its ordered That noe vote (much lesse any 
 " other order or fine) shall passe without the master or warden or one of 
 " them doe consente thereto, and the reason is added because otherwise by 
 " combinacon of the ffellowes the Master and Warden might be made 
 " Cyphers who by the statutes are the cheife of the Society as appears by 
 " the 30, 31, & 32 Statutes and therefore it is hoped your Grace will 
 " command the said pretended order and fine to bee expunged that it bee 
 " not drawne into a precedent for the future." 
 
 Mr. Prichard observed that as to the highways he is not allowed to reply, 
 otherwise he hoped " to make his allegation clear beyond exceptions," 
 
 As to the fine, he replied " that the said Order of twenty pounds ffine 
 " ao-^' y* warden was made by the ffellowes in due manner according to 
 " Stat. 33, at y° time and Place appointed as well by y' Statutes as also by 
 " a precedent agreement between y* M'' Wdn and ffellows for a monthly 
 " sitting, w°'' had been neglected for some time before. And y° said Rich'' 
 " Prichard does confess that y' M"' was absent from y^ said private sitting 
 " w"** according to y° s*^ statute he sh* have been at, and y' s'* warden being 
 " in his chamber was sent for and required to be present thereat, but will- 
 " fully refused saying he did not owe y* ffellows so much service as to 
 " wayte on them, even when his Duty required him at that Time to 
 "^ exhibite his Bookes to be examined. That the said order was entered in 
 " a Book w"* has Precedents of y* Uke kind." He then argued at length 
 against the injunction making orders invalid without the concurrence of 
 the Master or Warden, and concluded, " for which Reasons it is humbly 
 " hoped y' Grace will more especially make voyd that fifth Injunction 
 " w"** gives y" Respondents a negative voyce and w'* they now openly insist 
 
 VOL. I. 2 c 
 
302 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 " upon as y° s^ Eicliard Pricliard hopes to prove they have before done 
 " y* same in their Practice to y° Prejudice of y* College." 
 
 His Grace declared that the payment of ten pounds to the highways 
 was according to the Statutes and Injunctions, and therefore the Master 
 and Warden were not to blame in paying it, and he decreed the order for 
 fining the Warden to be expunged. 
 
 13. The thirteenth article alleged " that the Master keeps Colledge 
 " lands by Lease in his hands contrary to the intent of the ffounder which 
 " is of ill consequence, stat. 103. The Bell tenement and part of Dulwich 
 " Court Tenement." 
 
 The Master replied, denying " that hee ever had any lease of any College 
 " Lands granted to him or to any other person or persons in trust for him. 
 " But says that about twenty years agoe the CoUedge did grant a lease of 
 " the Bell Tenem' to one M' Wells for 21 years who afterwards assigned 
 " the same to one M' Lewis for the remainder of the terme, and as to 
 " Dulwich Court Tenem* the Colledge long before this Eespondent belonged 
 " to the same or knew any person therein did grant a Lease thereof to one 
 " M'' Webb who afterwards let it out to severall persons and amongst the 
 " rest one parte of it was Lett to the said M' Lewis for the remainder of 
 " his terme and the said M"" Lewis about foure years agoe dyed but made 
 " his Will and this Eespond' executor and hee has proved the same and 
 " paid his debts and legacies due, and is charged with the payment of one 
 " Annuity of tenne pounds a yeare and therefore he claims the interest of 
 " the said two estates only as executor to the said M'' Lewis." 
 
 To this Mr. Prichard replied admitting the facts, but arguing that it was 
 highly inexpedient that the Master should hold a lease either as executor or 
 otherwise, as it was impossible to compel him to do tenant's repairs, " and 
 " to prevent these and further ill consequences w* may ensue. It is humbly 
 " prayed that y' Grace would enjoyne y° Corporacon not to Lease out y* 
 " Bell Tenement to any Person whatsoever for the future, y* present Lease 
 " expiring next Michaelmas and likewise y' y"" Grace would order y° 
 " Eespond*^ to husband y° same w* y" consent of y° ffellows to y* Benefit of 
 " y° College according to y^ design of y' fi'ounder in stat. 105." 
 
 The judgment was, " His Grace declared that hee did not find the M' 
 " held any Colledge Lands but what he had as an executor to a Colledge 
 " Tenant which he declared he might doe." 
 
 14. The fourteenth article complained " That the Master keeps the 
 " Colledge scale in his own custody refuseing to put [it] into the Treasury 
 " Chest or Chamber as he has been desired by the ffellowes which may be 
 " if it hath not already been, of very ill consequence." 
 
 The Master and Warden answered that it had always been usual for 
 the Master to keep the College seal, and that as all leases, to be valid, must 
 
1695-] MR. FRICHARHS ARTICLES. 203 
 
 be made at a public audit, and all sales of wood must be ordered and 
 agreed by a majority of the Society, no damage could possibly come to 
 the College, from the custom. On the other hand, they said "That 
 " although the Leases are agreed upon on such audit dayes yett they 
 " are not sealed till afterwards and if the Seale should bee in the 
 " Treasury Chamber to which the said Richard Prichard has a key hee 
 " may if he wUl be cross refuse to lett it be taken out, and thereby 
 " the bargaine and lease may fall, which may bee a greate prejudice to 
 " the College." 
 
 Mr. Prichard replied that the seal is " Plate not in daily use," and as 
 such should be in the treasury chamber, that as the " ffellows had no 
 " Catalogue or account of y° Leases till of late so that Leases might 
 " possibly be renewed by virtue of y° College seal without much noise and 
 " nobody enquire into y' validity of them ; " besides that " money may be 
 " borrowed by virtue of the Seal and y° College lyable to pay the same ; " 
 and as to the suggestion that he might refuse his key by way of obstruc- 
 tion, he said that in that case " he would be justly liable to punishment 
 " and y° majority might justify y* breaking open of y° Lock rather than 
 " loose an advantageous bargain." 
 
 The Archbishop's judgment was as follows : — " His Grace declared that 
 " the M^ in keeping the CoUedge seal has done no more then what all his 
 " Predecessors have done but his Grace intends to make some order therein 
 " but in the mean time the M' to keepe it as before." 
 
 15. The fifteenth article alleged " that the M'' and "Warden who dispose 
 " of the Eevenue doe give extravagant Eates never makeing abatement of 
 " Bills for Commodities which they buy for the use of the CoUedge ; and 
 " use their endeavours to encrease the SaUary and w^ages of those who are 
 " employed in work for the CoUedge but on the other hand bring down the 
 " Price of what we sell as low as may bee, makeing bargains only or 
 " chiefly with such as are their peculiar favourites and rejecting more 
 " advantageous proposalls from others." 
 
 The Master and Warden met this with the answer, " The same is utterly 
 " false." 
 
 Mr. Prichard replied that " he afhrms and hopes to prove that y° 
 " Respondents rejected two severall Tenants to Wid: Marston's House who 
 " made more advantagious Proposals then what has been accepted of by 
 " them from y' present Tenant and that y° Respond*' refused nine pounds 
 " an Acre for y° last and this ensuing year's fall of woods from one 
 " Chapman and accepted of eight pds ten shillings an Acre from another. 
 " And y* Master has made use of warm arguments to advance y* price of 
 " Beef and mutton to y° advantage of y* Butcher and to increase y° wages 
 " of the College Laundress and Clockmaker." 
 
204 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 The Archbishop in his judgment " declared this article to be false and 
 " scandalous and no sort of proof made thereof." 
 
 16. The sixteenth article alleged that "the Master has (detained the 
 " use of the Books in the study from the ffellowes he alone keeping the 
 " Keys thereof, and refuseing or neglecting to give the ffellowes a cata- 
 " logue of "the books and has concealed the "Warden's security from the 
 " ffeUowes." 
 
 To this the Master replied by giving the account of the Cartwright 
 Bequest (to which the books belonged) as quoted above (p. 183). And 
 added " that this Eespond' saith that there never was but one key to the 
 " roome where the bookes are and hee haveing ingaged in such securityes 
 " as aforesaid for saveing the sheriffe harmlesse and for due Administration 
 " did thinke it was fitt for him to keep the Key that soe there be noe 
 " imbezilement the said bookes not being chained but standing loose on 
 " the shelves. But this Respond' denyes that he did ever refuse the said 
 " Eichard Prichard or any of the other Fellowes to have the use of any of 
 " the said Bookes and to take them to their Chambers upon giving a note 
 " under their hand of what booke they tooke that soe they may bee called 
 " for againe and he still ready and willing soe to doe and denyes that hee 
 " ever refused the ffellowes or any of them to make a catalogue of the 
 " bookes but was alwayes and still is willing that they may make one 
 " when they please. And he also denyes that he conceals the wardens 
 " security but sayes the same is in the Treasury Chamber where it ought 
 " to bee unlesse the said Eichard Prichard or any of his confederates have 
 " taken the same away for that this Eespond' hath noe key to that roome." 
 Mr. Prichard rejoined that he had some books, " but upon delivering his 
 " thoughts freely at a certain private sitting contrary to y' Eespondents 
 " proceedings, y° s"^ Bookes were in an imperious manner demanded from 
 " him," and he had never since asked for any. He considered that as the 
 College money was freely expended in obtaining the Cartwright Bequest, 
 the Fellows ought to have keys to the room where the books are, and further 
 said he had proposed to make a catalogue "jointly with the Master, "Warden 
 " and ffellowes but cannot yet obtain the same." 
 
 As to the Warden's security, he said that by statute 17 the "Warden had 
 to give bond for £1000, " yet it has been found by experience that this 
 " single security was not sufficient to answear y'' end of y° statute since one 
 " former warden was fined for defrauding y* College and found insolvent 
 " therefore it was thought fitt for the future that y° warden upon his 
 " admission sh'^ procure one or two sufficient Persons to be bound with him 
 " in a Bond of a thousand Pounds to answear the end of the Statute : And 
 " this Eule has been observed for severall successions of y wardens last 
 " past." He then asserted that this bond was received by the Master 
 
i69S.] MR. PRICHARUS ARTICLES. 205 
 
 privately thougli the Fellows were at hand, " and tho' y' Clerk at that time 
 " came out to the said Rich* Prichard and asked him his Christian name 
 " but would "Hot say what it was for, only, as he was afterwards informed, 
 " that it was in order to make him a party in y" Bond to whom in conjunc- 
 " tion with the Master the said security was given." 
 
 This bond, he said, was never shown to the Fellows, and as to the £1000 
 statute he said that " ye master at a private sitting did show some sort of 
 '•' Paper or Parchm* alledging it to be y* same but none of the fellows saw 
 " any thing of y® manner of Performance, y* is of y° Warden's actuall 
 " entering into such statute nor can he be otherwise sufficiently assured 
 " that y* same security was duly given." 
 
 His Grace declared " that the Bookes not being given by the ffounder 
 " but by one M'. Cartwright by his will, and there being a suit yet 
 " depending about the same, and the Master having given security to 
 " answer them if the suit should goe against the CoUedge, he was not to 
 " blame to keep the key of the room where they are to secure them. But 
 " his Grace will make an order about the manner of access to them." 
 
 17. The seventeenth article accused the Master of receiving the butler's 
 bills for expenses of bread and beer weekly in his own chamber, " not 
 " exhibiting them to the board at private sittings as formerly practized, 
 " and forbidding the FeUowes by colour of a pretended statute to make any 
 '■' inspection into the affairs of the Buttery, Kitchen or Larder whereby the 
 " FeUowes are in a great measure ignorant of the expenses thereof and they 
 " are unwilling there should be any Stewards of the Provisions according 
 " to the true intent of the ffounder." 
 
 The Master denied the first accusation, as to the butler's bills, and said 
 that if the butler had occasionally omitted to produce them at the weekly 
 sittino's it was not by his order, but against his will. And as to the exclu- 
 sion of the Fellows from the kitchen, &c., he justified it by the 59th statute, 
 and further stated that the 87th statute made the chanters stewards by 
 turns, and that as there never were any chanters, there were consequently 
 no stewards. 
 
 Mr. Prichard, in his replication, reasserted that the Master and "Warden 
 connived at the butler's not bringing his bills before the weekly private 
 sittings, and argued that the prohibition of the presence of Fellows in the 
 kitchen, &c., was based upon the existence of a steward, who was to 
 superintend the victualling department and attend the private sittings to 
 give any information, and to check the Warden's accounts. He contended 
 further that the office should not have been allowed to lapse, on account of 
 it beincr assigned to a chanter, but that one of the Fellows should be steward, 
 so that everything might not be in the hands of the Master and Warden as 
 at present. 
 
2o6 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 To this article " His Grace declared the Master not faulty nor any proof 
 " of this article. But did admonish the Butler to shew his bills when any 
 " desired to see them." • 
 
 18. The eighteenth article alleged that persons had been elected as 
 poor brethren and sisters who had not belonged to the Founder's alms- 
 houses as directed by the statutes, and instanced the case of Yeo, a poor 
 brother. 
 
 To this the Master and "Warden replied that the statutes provided that in 
 case of failure of persons qualified under the statutes in the parishes named, 
 persons from other parishes might be admitted, " which was the reason that 
 " the said Yeo was presented by the Churchwardens of S' Saviours South- 
 " warke as an object of charity and came in by lott according to the Statute 
 " for electing the poore men." 
 
 Mr. Prichard reasserted that several of the poor brethren and sisters did 
 not come out of the almshouses, and that several scholars were not qualified 
 according to the statute, and argued that either the charity had been abused 
 or else that " y° additional and unauthorised Beneficence of the Founder to 
 " -f three out Parishes and 30 out members is not so great a Charity as is 
 " pretended by their churchwardens who cannot find a competent number 
 " of fitt objects for it." 
 
 His Grace declared there was no cause of complaint, and that the 
 Master and Warden had acted according to the statutes. 
 
 19. The nineteenth article alleged that the statutes were not observed 
 in the instruction and education of the children and in settling four of them 
 abroad at the University, and setting forth others to trades befitting their 
 capacities, according to statutes 66, 67, 68, &c. 
 
 The Master and Warden denied that there had been any breach of the 
 statutes, boys being apprenticed and sent to the University in accordance 
 with them. " And as to the instructing and educating the children, the 
 " care thereof belongs to the schoolmaster and usher and if the said Richard 
 " Prichard does know of any neglect therein hee should have complained 
 " thereof to these Eespond*' and they now desire hee may declare where the 
 " fault is." 
 
 Mr. Prichard's rejoinder was, " that y'' Schoolmaster and usher for not 
 " complying with y* Respondent's unjustifiable proceedinss and manage- 
 " ment of y» College affairs have been much discouraged by them from 
 " minding their charge so as to make it a flourishing school and being 
 " molested and uneasy in their stations have been forced to imploy much 
 " of their time in seeking other Preferment. That there is but one Scholar 
 " from Y College maintained in y° university whereas statute 81 doth 
 " ordame there shall be allways four. And that there is but six pounds 
 " allowed for puttmg forth Boyes to Trades, whereby they are discouraged 
 
1695.] MR. PRICHARUS ARTICLES. 207 
 
 " from making such Improvement in their learning as with a greater sum 
 " they might be capable of better trades then what they are generally 
 " bound to." 
 
 His Grace declared there was no cause of complaint, and that the charge 
 was false and scandalous. 
 
 20. In his twentieth and last article Mr. Prichard said, "That the 
 " Master and Warden doe detain from the three senior flfellowes what wee 
 " hope to prove their just Sallary as also share in a Dividend which ought 
 "to be made and distributed to and among the Master Warden four 
 " ffellowes six poor Brethren, six poor sisters and twelve poor scholars not 
 " permitting till of late by your Grace's order to make a full inspection into 
 " the antient writeings of the CoUedge in order to have a true notion of the 
 " nature of the Constitution and their own right, whereby the Master and 
 " Warden have injured the Fellowes and others in many particulars. And 
 " many other matters irregularities and disorders I have to lay before and 
 " complain to your Grace of when your Grace will be pleased to appoint a 
 " Visitation in form to receive them and without which we have no hopes 
 " of haveing the aforementioned and other grievances that wee lye under 
 " redressed reformed and amended, nor the CoUedge in that peace and 
 " quiet as the Members thereof doe heartily wish and desire. Wherefore 
 " and for the reasons aforesaid, wee humbly pray that your Grace will be 
 " pleased to appoint a Visitation of the said CoUedge in such manner and 
 " to such effect as to your Grace shaU seem most just and reasonable." 
 
 The Master and Warden repHed to this, denying that the FeUows' salaries 
 had been detained, Prichard always having had his, and asserting that no 
 dividend could be made untU there was £100 in the chest, which was not 
 then the case. 
 
 They further denied any matter of complaint by reason of exclusion of the 
 Fellows from the inspection of the " ancient writeings," nor " do they know 
 " why they should desire to inspect them unlesse with designe and in hopes 
 " to find out something by which to doe the CoUedge a mischeife." 
 
 They also denied that any money had been kept back from Prichard 
 except fines, which went to the use of the CoUege, and not to their own 
 benefit. 
 
 As to the profits of the churchyard, they denied the right of the 
 preacher to them, and they concluded thus : " And these Eespondents 
 " humbly submitt this their Answere to your Grace, and hope that your 
 " Grace wiU find these suggestions of the complainant Eichard Prichard to 
 " be false and malicious : And humbly pray your Grace will be pleased to 
 " take care for the quiett and well being of the CoUedge and to expel the 
 " said Eichard Prichard as a member ungratefuU to the Founder and 
 " unfitting to bee in this Society." 
 
2o8 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 In his replication Mr. Pricliard said that by tlie deed of consecration of 
 the chapel the Founder bound himself to pay the minister officiating 20 
 marks yearly salary, together with diet, lodging, &c., " with furniture for 
 " his lodging and such like conveniences as he humbly hopes may be 
 " implyed in y° words 'alet et sustinebit,' " and that during his lifetime the 
 Founder paid the preacher £26. 13s. 4d„ the schoolmaster £20, and the 
 usher £13. 6s. 8d., stipends, besides diet, &c. He argued that when the 
 Founder, by his statutes, reduced the stipends to £12 to each of the 1st and 
 2nd Fellows and £10 to the 3rd and 4th, it must have been to provide for the 
 chanters, and these having been declared illegal, the reduction of the stipends 
 should be abrogated. He asserted that one of the respondents proposed 
 to apply to the Visitor to settle the chanters' stipends upon the Master, 
 Warden, and Fellows, and that the Warden being asked how he could pro- 
 vide for the expenses if they were so settled, " he said he would engage to 
 " find out a way for it, or words to that ejBFect, but the fellows not jointly 
 " concurring therein, blasted the Design." 
 
 He then claimed as minister or curate of the chapel, as a chapel of ease 
 to Camberwell, the 20 marks yearly stipend ; 2dly, he claimed the £12 
 per annum allowed by the statutes to a Fellow. Further, he stated that 
 the statutes appointed two preachers, there being actually only one, and 
 as in former times Fellows had received double stipend for the perform- 
 ance of the duties of two officers, he ought to receive an increase of 
 stipend, which he prayed his Grace to allow to such an amount as might 
 " encourage him and his successors for y° future to performe the s* double 
 " duty with cheerfuUnesse, Industry, and sincerity." 
 
 To the second head of the reply, he asserted that on the then Master 
 maldng up his accounts as Warden for the last time, he had £126. 5s. 8d. in 
 hand, and that £100 was then put into the chest, and that a dividend ought 
 to have been declared of the remainder ; and that on several subsequent 
 occasions there was a surplus available for dividend, but that none was 
 declared. 
 
 As to the fines imposed upon him, Mr. Prichard alleged them to have 
 been illegally imposed, and prayed that the amount of them mio-ht be 
 restored to him, and that his Grace " will order y" s* Respondents to make 
 " him compensation for y° Injury he sustained in his illegal expul- 
 " sion and forcible exclusion out of his chambers and coinons and consider 
 " y* charges he was at in reversing y* s^ expulsion." 
 
 Lastly, Mr. Prichard asserted that the burial ground, having been 
 consecrated in 1616, "could be no Parte of that estate w"^ was settled 
 " upon Y College in y' yeare 1619 and 1620 Therefore y' Profits arrising 
 " from thence cannot belong to y" College or to any other Person besides 
 " y minister according to the Law and Custom of y^ Land, however y* s* 
 
I69S-] MR. GARRAWAVS ARTICLES. 209 
 
 " Eespondents have detained y^ same from y° s^ Richard Prichard for these 
 " five years last past and upwards." 
 
 The Archbishop finally declared "he did not find the salaries were 
 " deteined," and Mr. Baker and Mr. Ehodes, two of the Fellows then 
 present, being asked, declared they were not. 
 
 His Grace also declared that no dividend was detained ; that the 
 preacher had no right to any profits of the churchyard ; that there was no 
 proof of any other parts of this article ; and that the Master and Warden 
 were clear of any imputation charged upon them in these articles, or any 
 of them. 
 
 Mr. Garraway, the schoolmaster, also presented a complaint, consisting 
 of twelve articles. The complaint itself is not extant, but the answer of 
 the Master and Warden in Archbishop Tenison's Register shows that they 
 must have been mainly objections to the admission of assistants and out- 
 members, and to the Injunctions of Archbishop Sheldon, already objected 
 to by Mr. Prichard. The Master and Warden practically referred to their 
 answer to the former articles. One article, however, seems to have referred 
 to a supposed irregularity in the admission of Mr. Rhodes, the usher, to 
 which the reply was as follows : — 
 
 " To the pretended reason, marked No. 9, under their previous protesta- 
 tion, they answer that in the year 1692, the present usher, Mr. Rhodes, 
 stood for that place in competition with one Mr. Oliver, and upon their 
 drawing for it the lot on which ' God's Guift ' was wrote was drawn by 
 Mr. Oliver, and he was thereupon admitted usher, and executed the place 
 for some time, and then, being disabled by sickness to execute the same 
 longer, Mr. Baker, the then and now schoolmaster, did take upon him 
 both places, and did the duty of schoolmaster and usher till the said Mr. 
 Oliver's death, which happened in the month of September 1692 ; and 
 then, the place of usher being void, and the said schoolmaster indisposed 
 to read prayers twice a day, as well as teach school, did apply himself to 
 the rest of the Society, and desired he might be excused from performing 
 the duty of schoolmaster and usher, in regard it was too hard for him, and 
 thereupon the Society did unanimously agree that the said Mr. Rhodes 
 should supply the usher's place till one should come to draw lots for it, 
 and that the said Mr. Rhodes undertook to supply, and did supply, that 
 place of usher for about six weeks, and no person coming within that 
 time to draw for the place, the then Archbishop of Canterbury did by his 
 order in writino- * confirm the said Mr. Rhodes in the said place of usher, 
 as has been heretofore done by former Archbishops of Canterbury, 
 visitors of the said College, and the complainant, Charles Garraway, came 
 into, his place in the like manner by the visitor's order, and not by 
 
 * Tlie order is still preserved at the College. 
 VOL. I. 2 ^ 
 
210 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 " drawing lots, and the said usher was paid for no longer time than he 
 " performed the duty thereof, and the complainant, Charles Garraway, did 
 " no way oppose the same, but agreed thereto, only he did not sign the 
 " book of accounts, nor had he signed any for a long time before." 
 
 On the 15th November 1695, the Archbishop in person, " attended by 
 " the Eight Worshipful George Oxenden D' of Lawes, his Vicar Generall, 
 " Edward Tenison Esquire his steward, the WorshipfuU Bryan Fairfax D'' 
 " of Lawes his secretary and severall other persons," visited the College, 
 " and did make a personal! view of the said College or Hospitall, and of 
 " the Outhouses thereto belonging : and first his Grace went and viewed 
 " into the Chappell belonging to the said Colledge and afterwards went 
 " into and viewed the Rooms or lodgings belonging to the Master Warden 
 " and Fellows, the Schole, the lodgings of the six poore men and six poore 
 " women and the severall offices and outhouses belonging to the said 
 " Colledge, and likewise viewed the outsides of the said CoUedge, and 
 " having so done, his Grace declared that the said Colledge and offices and 
 " the Outhouses thereto belonging were in good and sufficient repaire, 
 " excepting the Brewhouse which was much out of repaire and soe had 
 " beene as his Grace was credibly informed for above forty years last 
 " past and had not within that tyme beene used for a Brewhouse, and 
 " his Grace considering the state of the Colledge declared that they were 
 " not in a condition to rebuild the same nor did hee find that the want 
 " thereof was any Inconvenience to the said Colledge." 
 
 The Archbishop then " monished M'' Prichard not to insist upon any 
 " thing relateing to the outmembers or repairing the highways, it havino- 
 " been already overuled, then the Articles or Petition of the said Richard 
 " Prichard against the aforesaid Master and Warden was read and the 
 " consideration of them referred to Monday Morning next ensuing. Then 
 " the Master and Warden prayed that the said Richard Prichard and 
 " Charles Garraway might be admonished to signe the wardens accompts 
 " upon which the said Garraway gave in a paper in writeing and he 
 " declaring that it contained chiefly exceptions which had been already 
 " overuled his Grace admonished the said Richard Prichard and Charles 
 " Garraway to signe the aforesaid accompts of the Warden by or before 
 " the aforesaid Monday Morning sub poena juris and adjourned the further 
 " consideration of this Business to nine of the Clock the said morning to 
 " his pallace of Lambeth and monished the said Master and Warden and 
 " the said Richard Prichard, Thomas Baker and Charles Garraway and all 
 " others concerned herein then and there to appeare." 
 
 Accordingly all parties appeared at Lambeth on Monday the 18th 
 November 1695, and Mr. Prichard's articles being again read " and the 
 " said Richard Prichard failing in the proofe of the same saveina what 
 
 -■o 
 
i69S.] EXPULSION OF MR. PRICHARD AND MR. GARRAWAY. 211 
 
 related to tlie library and keeping the Colledge seale (ab* which his Grace 
 declared he would make an order) his Grace declared the said Master and 
 Warden clear of any Imputation charged upon them in the said Articles 
 or Petition as appears more fully in his Grace's declaration made at the 
 end of every one of them. Then the Master informed his Grace that the 
 said Eichard Prichard and Charles Garraway had not signed the accompts 
 according to his Grace's order, whereupon his Grace againe admonished 
 them to signe the same, and they not makeing any objections against 
 the said accompts but again in further contempt of his Grace's admoni- 
 tion still refusing to signe the said Accompts, his Grace decreed them the 
 said Eichard Prichard and Charles Garraway to bee suspended from their 
 offices and the profitts of them and their Commons to the sixteenth day 
 of December next and ordered the Master to provide other persons to 
 officiate for them in the meantyme, but declared that they might have 
 the use of their Chambers and access to the Chappell at tyme of divine 
 service during their suspensions : then his Grace monished the said Master 
 and Warden, the said Eichard Prichard and Charles Garraway and aU 
 other persons concerned to appeare the said sixteenth day of december 
 aforesaid at Eight of the clock in the morning in this place." 
 
 On the 16th December 1695, the Eegister proceeds, " Before the Arch- 
 bishop and Thos. Tylott, Not. Pub. at Lambeth, the said Prichard and 
 Garraway stand suspended to this day for not signing the accompts of 
 the said Colledge and the said Master and Warden, Prichard, Baker, and 
 Garraway are monished to appeare this day, which day the said Master 
 and Warden acquainted his Grace that the said Eichard Prichard and 
 Charles Garraway had not signed the said accompts and prayed that they 
 mio-ht therefore bee expelled the said Colledge ; then the said Charles 
 Garraway appeared and gave in a Petition which hee desired might be 
 read, and that the said Master and Warden might bee monished to 
 answere in writing to the paper by him given in the fifteenth day of 
 November last which Petition was read, whereupon his Grace declared 
 that the said Garraway had not menconed accordingly therein all the 
 contempts for which he was suspended but then his Grace ordered the 
 Master and Warden to give in their answere to the aforesaid Paper given 
 in by the said Garraway by the thirteenth day of January next ; then the 
 aforesaid Eichard Prichard was called but non appearing the Master and 
 Warden againe prayed that hee might be expelled the said Colledge, where- 
 upon his Grace referred the paine of the said Eichard Prichard and Charles 
 Garraway and continued their suspencon to Thursday the twenty third day 
 of January aforesaid, when his Grace declared he would finally determine 
 this Business and monished the saidMaster and Warden and the said Charles 
 Garraway and all others concerned herein then and there to appeare." 
 
2 1 2 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 The paper which Mr. Garraway gave in on the 15th November has 
 already been noticed. His petition, mentioned above, was as follows : — • 
 
 To his Grace the most Eev^ &c. Thomas Lord Archbishop of Canterbury &c &c 
 
 The humble petition of Charles Garraway ffellow and organist of the said CoUedge. 
 
 That your Grace's petitioner is most unhappily fallen under your displeasure and 
 suspencon from his office and profitts in the said ffellowship for not subscribeing to the 
 CoUedge bookes of the Warden's accounts after your Grace's admonition which was not, 
 nor is not refused by your petitioner out of any stubborn humour or contemptuous 
 opposition to your Grace's command or authority but purely out of a scruple of con- 
 science in respect to his duty and oath for the good of the said CoUedge and Corpora- 
 tion till better informed as your Petitioner hopes did appeare by his Grounds and 
 Eeasons humbly offered to your Grace's consideration. Your Petitioner therefore 
 beggs your Grace would be pleased to take his case into further consideration and 
 either solve his said scruple that hee may bee restored to his said office and salerry or 
 bestow some other Imployment upon him whereby he may be enabled to subsist and 
 pay those debts the slenderness of the Colledge allowance hath obliged him to 
 contract, And that for want of a Place and Imploy he may not be compelled to run 
 into further troubles. 
 
 And your Petitioner as in duty bound shall ever pray &c 
 
 Charles Gaeeaway. 
 
 On the 23rd January 1695, "stylo Anglice," at Lambeth, before the 
 Archbishop, Thos. Tyllott, Not. Pub., and others, the Master and Warden 
 and Garraway appeared, but Prichard was not present. The accounts not 
 having been signed, on the petition of the Master and Warden, sentence of 
 expulsion was formally passed on Eichard Prichard and Charles Garraway, 
 in the presence of Dr. George Oxenden, Vicar-General, Ealph Snowe, Esq., 
 George Past, and others. 
 
 In consequence of these expulsions, Mr. Baker, the schoolmaster, was 
 promoted to be preacher, and Mr. Ehodes, the usher, to be schoolmaster, 
 but no appointment was made to the usher and organist's fellowships until 
 1698, though it is on record in the Eegister that "John Eeading was 
 " organist during the intervening two years and upwards yet never admitted 
 " to the status of a fellow." 
 
 This John Eeadiug's portrait is in the College, the picture catalogue 
 thus describing him on the authority of Mr. W. H. Cummings : — 
 
 John Eeading, born 1677, was a musician of high reputation in his time. He was 
 one of the children of the Chapel Eoyal under D' John Blow, and remained in the 
 Choir of the chapel until 1700. In 1702 he was appointed "Junior Vicar and poor 
 "Clerk" of Lincoln Cathedral, and, in 1704 "Instructor Choristarum in musica 
 " vocale " in the same Cathedral. He afterwards returned to London, and was 
 organist of S' John's, Hackney, of S' Mary Woolnoth, and of S' Dunstan's in the West. 
 
 He was a composer of both sacred and secular music. Manuscripts of his com- 
 positions are preserved in Lincoln Cathedral and in Dulwich College. 
 
 The following compositions of Eeading are extant in print, " A book of New Songs 
 
1696.] JOHN READING. 213 
 
 " after the Italian manner, \\ith Symphonies and a thorough Bass, fitted to the Harpsi- 
 " chord," and " A Book of New Anthems." The well-known air " Adeste Fideles " has 
 been sometimes attributed to him, but was probably the work of his father, John 
 Eeading, who was also the composer of the popular Winchester song " Dulce Domum." 
 Unfortunatel}', some of the volumes of music in Heading's own handwriting, which 
 were presented by him to Dulwich College, have been allowed to pass out of the posses- 
 sion of the College. Of these volumes, one is now in the possession of the Eoyal 
 Academy of Music, and two in that of Mr. "W. H. Cummiugs. 
 
 The order for the fine on the Warden which had been inserted by the 
 Fellows in the Eegister Book was in accordance with the Archbishop's order 
 expunged by the following note written at the bottom of the page : — 
 
 " This order was made null and void by the Visitors direction." 
 
 JoHK AlleynM'. 
 Tho: Baker 
 John Rhodes. 
 
 At the audit on the 4th March 1695/6, the expulsion of Prichard and 
 Garraway was notified; £17 was at the same court allowed to Isaac 
 Dismawitts, a former poor scholar, towards his degree of Master of Arts. 
 
 It will be remembered that in 1681, the lawsuits then pending between 
 the College and Mr. Anthony Bowyer, concerning the tithes of the woods 
 and grubbed up lands were brought to an end by Mr. Bowyer granting a 
 lease of them to Dr. John Alleyn, the Master, for the term of his life. 
 
 This lease, of course, expired at his death in 1686, and whether because 
 the College was anxious again to try the question of his right, or because, 
 as was alletred, Mr. Bowyer asked too large a rent, it was not renewed, and 
 legal proceedings were recommenced. 
 
 Mr. Bowyer brought an action in the Court of Exchequer against Faver 
 Barrett, David Payn, and George Gibbs, who in their answer thus state the 
 circumstances : — 
 
 On the 10 January 1687/8 David Payne together with one Watkins agreed with 
 the College and by bargain and sale bought of them two woods called the 50 acres, to 
 be cut down at two faUs and to be carried away in two moieties by the 29* Sep. 
 
 1688 and the 29'" Sept. 1689, paying £152. 3s. 6d. by sundry mstalments. John 
 Watkins transfeiTed all his interest in the Bargain to Faver Barrett and George Gibbs. 
 They accordin<^ly cut the wood and no claim was made for tithes, nor had any' been 
 previously in Sieir recollection until October 1690 when plamtiffs servants forcibly 
 took away several loads of Bavins and faggots. David Payne also on the 19'" dec' 
 
 1689 bought the wood in the 40 acres coppice and by leave took into partnership, 
 George G^bbs and ffavor Barrett Jun'. son of the Defendant. These three cut down 
 
 They have heard that it had been agreed between the College and Plaintiff" that £5 
 per annum should be paid in fuU satisfaction for the tithes during the hfe of the 
 Master deceased about 5 years ago, and that it was proposed that this arrangement 
 should be continued but that Anthony Bowyer asked much more and consequently they 
 
2 14 HISTOR Y OF BUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d, 
 
 were driven to take opinion as to his right and were advised to resist payment altogether. 
 That in October 1690 the Plaintiff violently seized some of their wood, whereupon 
 the College humbly entreated him to bring the matter to trial, but he being a member 
 of the house of Commons not only refused to comply, but threatened them if they 
 made any opposition, to complain against them to the house for breach of privilege. 
 And the Defendants pray that the Plaintiff may be held accountable for the wood 
 carried away and " that so if he prove his title they owe him little or nothing, but if 
 " the woods be declared tithe free then the value of the wood may be repaid them." 
 
 (Dulwich add' MSS.) 
 
 The College, besides defending the above suit against the purchasers 
 of the wood, presented a petition to the House of Commons, or at least 
 proposed to do so, for there are at Dulwich no less than seven drafts of 
 petitions complaining of Anthony Bowyer, a member, carrying away wood 
 under pretence of tithes, " whereupon this College did humbly apply them- 
 " selves unto the said M' Bowyer desiring him to forbeare such methods and 
 " w*''all offered to have it tryed further w"** y° s** M' Bowyer refused and 
 " threatened your Petitioners with breach of Priviledge if they did not 
 " submit." 
 
 No result of the petition is recorded, and the suit in the Exchequer 
 continued, an order being made on the 4th February 1692, that the 
 defendants should account with the plaintiff for the tithes for 1687-1690, 
 and referring it to Tobias Eden, Deputy to their Majesties' Eemembrancer, 
 to assess the amount due. 
 
 Mr. Eden presented his report, awarding to Mr. Bowyer the sum of 
 £58. Is., to which the College excepted, maintaining that the amount was 
 too high by at least £24 ; but the report was upheld and confirmed by the 
 Barons of the Exchequer on the 5th December 1692, and the costs against 
 the College taxed at £37. 
 
 The Society seem to have contemplated an appeal to the House of 
 Lords, four drafts of such appeal being among the College papers, but do 
 not appear to have prosecuted it. They, however, presented a " bill of 
 " reviewe," to which Anthony Bowyer successfully demurred. 
 
 On the 30th December 1692, the latter addressed a letter to the CoUeo-e, 
 asking for a cessation of lawsuits, of which he was heartily tired, to which 
 a reply was sent, insisting that the Society were bound by their oaths not 
 to compromise any suits, and that the real question had not yet been tried. 
 
 Mr. Bowyer then presented a second bill against George Gibbs, and the 
 litigation continued until 1695, when a decree was made on 'the 21st 
 February 1695/6, whereby it was ordered by consent that the College 
 " shall account to the Plaintiff Bowyer for the tythes of y° woods in qu^- 
 " tion and all woods since felled to this tyme, w"'' is by consent to be com- 
 " puted after y" rente of £6 per annum from y" tyme of y° last decree w'^'^ 
 
1706.] THE REV. JAMES HUME. 215 
 
 " moderate costs to be taxed for y° plaintiff Bowyer in y® originall cause 
 " and Y crosse bill is dismissed w*''out costs. And it is further ordered by 
 " consent that the plaintiff shall make a lease to the college of all the tythes 
 " of the college wood in question at the rate of £6 per annum." The costs 
 against the College were taxed at £23. 
 
 This settlement appears to have been finally acquiesced in, for there is 
 no further mention of any difficulties on the subject, and the £6 per annum 
 was regularly paid as tithes up to a period within living memory.. 
 
 For several years after this date the College seems to have been at 
 peace, as no extraordinary circumstance is recorded either in the audit 
 books or the Eegister. 
 
 On the 15th March 1702/3, as appears from a memorandum on the fly- 
 leaf of the Register Book, " the communion table was railed in on both 
 " sides." 
 
 On Friday, May 28, 1703, "The coUedge porch with y* Treasury 
 " chaniber &c tumbled down to y" ground " (Register). And on the 28th 
 February 1703/4 a poor scholar named Edward Jinks " was whipt and 
 " expelled for theft." 
 
 At the audit on the 4th March 1703/4 it was ordered " That one silver 
 " bowl, the gift of Thomas Alleyn, 1668, the third Master, one other silver 
 " bowl, the gift of Matthias Alleyn, Master, and one other silver bowl 
 " marked G.G.C., the gift of Sir John Lenthall, 1637, these to be changed 
 " for one silver tankard of like value, with the same inscriptions and arms." 
 
 Meanwhile, of the Fellows remaining after the expulsion of Prichard and 
 Garraway, Mr. Baker, the preacher, had resigned or had been removed by the 
 Visitor's letters on the 1st April 1701, and John Rhodes, the schoolmaster, 
 had died on the 19th December 1701. John Dacie, who had been ap- 
 pointed usher in 1698, and James Henstringe, who had also been appointed 
 organist in the same year, had left, without the cause of their removal 
 being recorded ; and Job Brockett had been elected preacher on the 3rd 
 December 1701 ; Joseph Billington, schoolmaster, on the 21st January 
 1701/2; Rupert Sawyer, usher, on the 11th March 1702/3, and William 
 Howell, organist, on the same day. 
 
 Mr. Brockett made his mark on the Register, being fond of long and 
 elaborate entries, describing the recipients of his functions as " baptizati, 
 " matrimonio juncti, and Sepulti." He died on the 2nd January 1704/5. 
 and was buried in the College chapel. He bequeathed his books to the 
 CoUege. The Dulwich MSS. (vi. 44) contain a catalogue of these books, 
 almost all of which still remain in the library. 
 
 On the 3rd August 1706, Mr. Billington, the schoolmaster, was promoted 
 to succeed Mr. Brockett as preacher; and on the 6th October 1706, Mr. 
 James Hume, M.A. of Edinburgh, was admitted schoolmaster by letters 
 
2i6 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 from the Visitor. This Mr. Hume was without doubt the most able and 
 remarkable of the Fellows, either before or since his time. Nothing is 
 known of his birth or parentage, but he graduated M.A. at the University 
 of Edinburgh in 1699, and was admitted schoolmaster by the Archbishop, 
 as above mentioned, in 1706, having previously taken the duty for six 
 months. 
 
 He speedily took the lead in all College ajffairs, and maintained it until 
 liis resignation in 1/30, when he was preferred to the vicarage of Bradwell, 
 Bucks, in the diocese of Lincoln. 
 
 He was the author of the following Latin inscription, which is over the 
 porch at the entrance of the College : — 
 
 Eegnante Jacobo 
 
 Primo totius BritannisB monarchS,, 
 
 Edwardus AUeyn Armiger 
 
 Theroniachise Regies prasfectus, 
 
 Tlieatri Fortunas dicti Choragiis 
 
 yEvique sui Eoscius, 
 
 Hoc Collegium instituit 
 
 Atque ad duodecim seues egenos. 
 
 Sex scilicet viros, et totidem fcEminaa, 
 
 Commode sustentandos 
 
 Paremque puerorum numerum alendiim, 
 
 Et in Christi disciplina et bonis liberis 
 
 Eradiendum. 
 
 Ee satis ampla instruxit, 
 
 Porro, 
 
 ISTe quod Deo dicaverat postmodum frustra fieret 
 
 Sedulo Cavit. 
 
 Diplomate namqne regio munitns, jussit 
 
 Ut a Magistro, Custode, et quatuor Sociis 
 
 Qui et conscientise vincidis astricti, 
 
 Et sua ipsorum utilitate admoniti, 
 
 Eem bene administrarent 
 
 In perpetuum regeretur. 
 
 Postquam annos bene multos CoUegio suo prsefiusset 
 
 Dierum tandem et bonorum operum satur, 
 
 Fato Concessit 
 
 VI Cal Dec"" a.d. MDCXXVI. 
 
 " Beatus ille qui misertus est paupenam." 
 
 " Abi tu et fac similiter." 
 
 Mr. Hume originally wrote the final lines thus : — 
 
 Postquam annos aliquammultos CoUegio suo piEefuisset 
 
 Vitas tandem Tabula pulcherrime peracta 
 
 Sccnaj subductus est. Plaudite. 
 
I706-] MR. HUME'S COMMON-PLACE BOOK. 217 
 
 But Dr. Gibson, then chaplain to the Archbishop of Canterbury, and sub- 
 sequently Bishop of London, considered them wanting in dignity, and they 
 were replaced by those in the inscription. 
 
 He also presented to the College the font which is still in the chapel, 
 made by Mr. Van Spangen from a design of Mr. Gibbs, architect, and 
 bearing the reversible Greek motto, — 
 
 N/^^ov a.voiJ.'/iiJja /j,ri /lovav 0'4^/v. 
 (Wash away sin, not the visage only.) 
 
 Mr. Hume kept a common -place book, in which are many papers 
 connected with Archbishop Wake's visitation in 1723, the case of Taylor 
 V. Dulwich College in 1720, the suit of the Attorney-General v. Dulwich 
 College in 1728, and the subsequent petitions of the churchwardens to the 
 Archbishops, which are largely quoted from in the sequel. Besides matters 
 connected with the College, the volume contains an Account of a Journey to 
 France (see vol. II.), and many Latin letters, verses, and translations. 
 
 The first page of this book bears the following inscription : — 
 
 Sept. 25. 1727 
 Nisi utile est quod facimiis, stulta est Gloria ! This book containing many things 
 that may be of great use to the College some time or other, and not to be found any- 
 where else, I pray it may be carefully kept and delivered to one of the members when 
 Discretion shall direct. J. H. 
 
 Notwithstanding this direction, the volume was absent from Dulwich for 
 fifty years, when in April 1779 it was offered for sale with the rest of the 
 contents of the library of Sir George Hay of Doctors' Commons. 
 
 In the book itself are letters addressed to an intimate friend of Hume's, 
 named Hay, in one of which he alludes to George as his friend's son. It is 
 probable that this Hay came into possession of the book, and declining or 
 neglecting to act upon the direction on the first page, left it to his son, who 
 was afterwards Sir George Hay. 
 
 However that may be, it was purchased for the sum of 7s. by Thomas 
 AUeyn, the then Master, who wrote the following, after Mr. Hume's above- 
 quoted direction : — 
 
 At the sale of the Library of Sir George Hay late of Doctors' Commons This Book 
 was put up to sale, by the title of Manuscripts relative to Dulwich CoUege. And it 
 was bou"ht by Thomas Allen at 7/. the master of the College and therefore it is his 
 own and'does not belong to the College. April 1779. 
 
 And lastly, Mr. Nevile Stow, schoolmaster, made this memorandum in 
 1805 :— 
 
 Mem. I have heard the late master Thos. Allen mention several times that this 
 VOL. I. 2 E 
 
2 1 8 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 book of M' Hume's was purchased by an acquaintance of bis at a sale who said that 
 as it related to Dulwich College, he thought the Corporation had the greatest right to 
 it. He therefore gave it to the Master who frequently has said that he would leave it 
 to the College at his death. Nbvile Stow, Fellow 
 
 Sept' 1. 1805. 
 
 "When and how the book left the College is unknown, but it is now in 
 the British Museum, numbered Additional MSS. No. 29,477. 
 
 Mr. Hume at his admission was without an usher, Mr. Rupert Sawyer 
 having died in May 1705. It was not till the 25th March 1709 that a 
 successor was appointed in the person of Mr. John Beresford, M.A. 
 
 Mr. Hume's papers contain a document relating to the management of 
 the school, which gives a somewhat low opinion of Mr. Beresford's qualifi- 
 cations. 
 
 However hindered in the school, Mr. Hume took a great interest in the 
 College aff"airs generally, and as early as 1708 he is found advocating the 
 division of surplus moneys, by way of dividend, and the reduction of the 
 College expenses in order to increase the said surplus. 
 
 The following paper is the first in his common-place book : — 
 
 Some objections against a Dividend have been drawn from the Injunctions procur'd 
 from the Visitor Anno 1664. But waving many useful remarks that might be made 
 upon them, 1 shall only observe two or three things in general. 
 
 1. The power of the Visitor cannot be conceived to extend to the altering or 
 changing the Foundation of the College, or any Statute or Ordinance made for the 
 governing y''of, wh we are sworn to maintain inviolably : but only to the enforcincf the 
 observation of the Stat: by his Authority, & interpreting them where they are 
 doubtful : 
 
 2. Several things were possibly indulg'd the Society when the Injunctions were 
 procured, because of some particular exigency of y" time, as Polygamy and Divorce 
 were allow'd the Jews for the hardness of their hearts : And this seems to be counte- 
 nanced by the last paragraph of the Injunctions, where it is said that these Orders 
 shall be in force till a better and more perfect settlement shall be obtained. It is 
 obvious to imagine that after the CoUege, as well as the nation, had been so long 
 unhing'd, the Foundation alter'd & corruptions deeply radicated by custom, that it 
 was no easy matter to reform all at one dash ; and therefore, phaps, this paraoraph is 
 subjoyned, to intimate, that tho' these orders were not the best that might be made, 
 and the most agreeable to the statutes, yet they were the best that time could bear & 
 therefore to be observ'd till a more pfect settlement could be obtain'd to fix the 
 Corporation upon its natural Basis. 
 
 3. So far was it from the thoughts of the wise and pious visitor to command any- 
 thing that might involve a whole Society in the guilt of perjury, that he has positively 
 injoyn'd (Inj. 1) That the members of this Society shall do their respective duties 
 and enjoy the Emoluments of their places according to the statutes, which all are 
 Sworn at their admission to observe according to their plain and grammatical meaning 
 without procuring any dispensation or absolution from the same, or acceptin<^ any 
 such if it should be procured ; and this, one would think a sufficient fence to s'ecure 
 
i7o8.] ARGUMENTS IN FAVOUR OF A DIVIDEND. 219 
 
 the observation of the Stat: For all good Casuists do pronounce without hesitation 
 That a voluntary and deliberate Oath, is so obligatory upon the Conscience, that no 
 power on earth can dispense with it, if y' subject matter of it does not imply a con- - 
 tradiction, or be not absolutely wicked in itself, & repugnant to the Laws of God. So 
 that this clause in the forecited 1" Injunction Unless dispens'd with by Us &c. seems 
 to refer to those statutes only, which clash with the Deed of Foundation or interfere 
 with one another, or that might have been judg'd to contain something unlawful in 
 itself, or contrary to the Laws of the land. If any of our statutes are impossible to be 
 pformed, imply a contradiction or injoin something repugnant to the Law of God, such 
 statutes want not to be dispens'd with at all, for they were ipso facto null & void from 
 the beginning. If any of them are found contrary to the Laws w*" exact a Duty of 
 the subject, & those which conferr a right, or entitle to certain privileges : The former 
 sort cannot be vacated by the Local Statutes of any Corporation because they are of 
 an antecedent Superior, and universal obligation, but the latter I conceive may, and 
 that for this plain reason. Because every Man may part with his Eight for a valuable 
 consideration : For if I accept of a place upon this condition that I make a voluntary 
 cession or resignation of such and such priviledges to w"*" I have a legal title I am 
 certainly bound by virtue of that contract, not to lay claim to such privileges so long 
 as I hold y' place. This might easily be illustrated in the cases of marriage, executor- 
 ships &c. But ' 
 
 4. I cannot but observe the laudable and exemplary conduct of the society about 
 the time that these Injunctions were procur'd — Si sic omnia fecissent ! The Corpora- 
 tion had sustain'd great losses viz 2400" by the decay of the Fortune Playhouse 
 & rebuilding one wing of the College & part of th' other, besides the devastations, 
 depredations, &c, that are the usual concomitants of a Civil "War, & the unsettl'd state 
 of a Nation : Yet they had brought the Kevenue very near the first settlement viz' 
 800" per ann: paid off all their debts, had 100" in the Chest according to the statutes 
 & 139" over and above, and were in such a flourishing condition that the visitor 
 thought fit absolutely to enjoyn that in all time to come 10" a y' should be paid 
 towards the reparation of the Ways to Camberwell, as judging it improbable that the 
 College would, at least in a long time, fall into such a condition, as not to have the 
 f ors* sum in the Treasury 
 
 'AXX' ou Zixic, avSpiSSi vo^/iara wavla riXiula* 
 
 I have now finished what I had to say upon these matters. If I am mistaken in 
 anything I here advance concerning the constitution of this house, I desire to be 
 better inform'd. I pretend not to obtrude my private sentiments upon any body, nor 
 dogmatically to determine what is the true purport and meaning of the Statutes. I 
 leave that to the wisdom of my Superiors. I meant not hereby to give any one the 
 least ground of offence, and hope that what I intended well wiU be well taken : and 
 to prevent likewise, if possible, all misconstructions I declare myself willing to 
 renounce any advantage that may accrue to my self by the Dividend I have been 
 pleading for, provided that others be restor'd to their Eight. 
 
 J. H. 
 
 (Memo: inserted at a later date) 
 
 N.B. Hoc de EepublicS, nostra pusitl§, bene merendi studium magnam Author! 
 conflavit invidiam. Sed tandem, favente Numine, feliciter cessit: Anno quippe 1713 
 (atque ita deinceps) magno totius sodalitii bono, facta est Partitio secundum statuta 
 
 • Iliad Book xviii. line 328. But Jove fulfills not aU that man designs.— (Lord Derby's Translation.) 
 
2 2 o HISTOR Y OF D UL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 atq, anno 1724 eodem annitente, reluctantibus nec[uicquam non solum inimicis, sed ijs, 
 etiam, (c[uis credat !) quorum res agebatur, stipeudia sociorum adaucta sunt,* 
 
 (It is impossible to escape envy when idle.) 
 
 On the 4th May 1712, John AUeyn, who had been Master since 1690, 
 died, being succeeded by Thomas Alleyn, the Warden, and at an election 
 held on the 26th May James Alleyn was chosen as the new Warden. 
 
 * Translation. — The desire for deserving praise from, this little state of ours roused great ill-will 
 against the author. But at length, hy the will of heaven, this luckily ceased. Moreover, in the 
 year 1713 (and from that time forth), a division according to the statutes was made, to the great 
 advantage of the whole Society, and in the year 1724, by the exertions of the said author, the stipends 
 of the Fellows were increased, notwithstanding the opposition not only of its enemies, but even, 
 difficult as it is to believe, of those whose chief interest it was. 
 
I7I2.] 
 
 :2i 
 
 CHAPTER VIII. 
 
 THE COLLEGE BETWEEN 1712 AND 1728. 
 
 Thomas Alleyn being now Master, James AUeyn was elected "Warden on 
 the 26tli May 1712, and Ms accounts, presented on tlie 4th September, 
 showed a balance in favour of the College of £91. 63. Id., with arrears of 
 £142. There had now, for some years, been a considerable sum in hand 
 at the audits, and there was an agitation for a dividend. Mr. Hume took 
 a principal part in this movement, and as early as 1708 wrote the following 
 paper, which, as it is an excellent example of his style, and gives an inte- 
 resting account of the internal economy of the College, is inserted entire : — 
 
 A memorial to the Mast'. Warden and Fellows of Dulwicli College 1708. 
 
 This College is an eleemosynary Foundation, but the officers of it are not the 
 objects of the Pounder's charity, but Overseers of the Poor & trustees for their good : 
 So that whatsoever is done or assented to by any members of this Society, with 
 regard to the Eevenue of the House, that may tend to the defeating this charitable 
 intention of the Founder is a breach of trust, and contrary to their Oath. The 
 benefit of the Poor and doing justice to every member of the Society ought to be the 
 ultimate end of our Administration. 
 
 The meaning of that precept, " Thou shalt not muzzle the ox y' treadeth out the 
 " corn," is, That Men are obHg'd to reward those that take pains for them. Accord- 
 ingly it is reasonable to think the Founder intended that the officers of the House 
 (some of whom are required by the Statutes to be Masters of Arts at the least. 
 Graduates and divines) should have a competent & honourable maintenance assign'd 
 them out of its Eevenues ; and this he has done, but wisely order'd that their interest 
 should be interwoven with that of the poor, And the increase of their stipends depend 
 in a great measure upon their own industry and frugal management. 
 
 A yearly Dividend seems to be one of the most material & cardinal parts of the 
 Constitution, and necessary both from the nature of the thing & the intent of the 
 Founder. That the nature of the thing requires it is too plain to want proof. Times 
 are much alter'd since the College was founded : "Whatever our Salaries were at first, 
 'tis certain they are far from being a competency now : And this is the reason why 
 some of our places have been often ill supply'd. For few that are well qualify'd will 
 accept so mean a place as some of ours are, to fix & settle upon & make it their whole 
 business, but only for a present subsistence, till a better can be got, and necessity 
 sometimes puts them upon finding out some commodious interpretation to avoid the 
 force of the Statutes, or obtaining dispensations to hold other business : And when a 
 Man is distracted between two places, 'tis easy to imagine w"^"" of the two he will be 
 
222 
 
 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. 
 
 [a.d. 
 
 most solicitous to discharge well, that w"" is fixt & certain, or that which is precarious 
 & depends upon courtesy. And indeed this may be said in extenuation of the matter, 
 that it may be thought somewhat hard, that a Gentleman who has had a liberal 
 Education, should be oblig'd to apply himself wholly to the discharge of an office, 
 whose emoluments are so contemptible, viz 6* p. diem, & a place at a common Table, 
 tho his circumstances may, perhaps, make it necessary for him to accept it. 
 
 That the Founder intended a yearly dividend is manifest from the statute beyond 
 contradiction. He left the annual Eevenue of the College 800'' and confin'd our 
 ordinary expences to 600" p. ann: the salaries and diet of the cancell'd Fellows, & the 
 servants liveries being included : The remaining 200" he order'd to be dispos'd of 
 in the following manner, and no otherways, viz'. That, all extraordinary Charges, such 
 as Dilapidations, Law Suits &c being first deducted, 100" should be put into the 
 Treasury Chest, and yearly supply'd out of the s* surplusage, if at any time it should 
 happen to be broken upon a sudden emergency. Ten pounds to be paid yearly 
 towards the reparation of the ways to Camberwell ; Sufficient money to be left in the 
 Warden's hands for Housekeeping &c. And the rest to be divided, if it should 
 amount to 15" or upwards. Now the College Eevenue being increas'd 200" p. ann, 
 the reason for a Dividend is so much the stronger. Besides, the Founder having Order'd 
 that if the Eevenues should happen to sink under 600" p. ann., there should be a 
 general Defalcation from the pensions, it is but reasonable that there should be also a 
 general Dividend when it rises so much above it. 
 
 If such a yearly Dividend is both reasonable in itself and peremptorily enjoyn'd 
 by the statutes, w°'' we are sworn to observe & from which we are neither to procure 
 or accept any Dispensation, it will be in vain to plead prescription against it : For be 
 the abuse never so ancient and inveterate, yet those whom the Founder has entitled 
 to a share in the Dividend are certainly bound to exert their best endeavours that the 
 CoUege revenues may be frugally manag'd & duly apply'd. For he that has a right to 
 the End, has without doubt a right to the means that are necessary to compass that end. 
 
 The following Scheme seems to take in all the necessary & essential parts, And 
 tho it may probably have some less material imperfections. Yet being, I presume 
 right in the main, and assign'd for the asserting our own just right (which every man 
 is empowr'd nay oblig'd by aU Lawful means to vindicate) & promoting the benefit of 
 the poor & so enforc'd with a double motive both of Interest and Duty, it may I hope 
 pretend to a favourable reception, & a candid & equitable Interp : 
 
 The Statutes provide that the Dividend should be shar'd into 600 equal parts, and 
 that each member should have a number of these parts proportion'd to their respective 
 Pensions, i.e. The M"^ 40 parts, The warden 30 &c. So that a 200" Dividend accord- 
 ing to the precise Letter of the Statutes would stand thus — ■ 
 
 To the Master for his 
 The warden 
 The 1" FeUow . 
 The 2* Fellow . 
 The 3'i Fellow . 
 The 4'*" Fellow . 
 The 12 old Pensioners 
 The 30 Outmembers 
 
 Parts. 
 
 £ 
 
 s. 
 
 D. 
 
 40 
 
 13 
 
 6 
 
 8 
 
 30 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 12 
 
 4 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 3 
 
 6 
 
 8 
 
 10 
 
 3 
 
 6 
 
 8 
 
 6 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 
 
 109 
 
 36 
 
 6 
 
 8 
 
 39 
 
 13 
 
 
 
 256 
 
 £85 
 
 6 
 
 8 
 
I7I2.] 
 
 SCHEME FOR A DIVIDEND. 
 
 223 
 
 The 256 parts here specify'd are all that can be taken notice of as the College is 
 
 settl'd at present, and the remaining 344 parts cannot be apply'd to the purposes 
 
 mentioned by the statutes, because, with relation to some of the particulars, as 
 
 Chambers, Liveries &c it is impracticable & with regard to others unnecessary as Diet, 
 
 Servant's Wages, apparel &c, these being all abundantly provided for already upon 
 
 another foot. But is it not against all reason that the nice observation of a form 
 
 should jostle out the substance, and that by confining ourselves to the strict letter of 
 
 the Statutes, the Founder's design should be frustrated, which was that the whole 
 
 dividend should be divided among the whole Society? And that instead of a 
 
 small remainder which can be but a fraction of 15", more than half the 
 
 Dividend should be return'd to the Warden, tho' he had sufficient money consign'd 
 
 into his hands to defray the charges of the House tiU the next receipt of Eent ! 
 
 Therefore, tho a yearly Dividend is, for the reasons above mentioned, indispensably 
 
 necessary, when there is a sufficient surplusage for it. Yet the particular model pre- 
 
 scrib'd by the Stat: which suited the condition of the Society then admirably well, 
 
 ought to be lookt upon now as no more than a circumstance, and therefore alterable 
 
 as the present condition of the College, & the nature of the thing do require, provided 
 
 that in the Distribution, strict regard be had to Justice and Equity, And as much 
 
 deference paid to the Letter of the Stat: as possibly we can without defeating the design 
 
 & loseing the Spirit of it. I conceive then that the whole may not unfitly be divided 
 
 into 300 parts: Now 1"" being -^\^ of 15", each one's share in every 15" to be 
 
 divided is a Number of shiU^" equal to their number of parts respectively, and so a 
 
 200" Divid* will stand thus— 
 
 To the Master for his 
 
 The Warden 
 
 The 1" Fellow . 
 
 The 2°* Fellow . 
 
 The 3'^* Fellow . 
 
 The 4'" Fellow . 
 
 The 12 old pensioners . 
 
 The 30 outmembers 
 
 The cancell'd fellows parts to be set aside 
 for Eeparacons or other uses 
 
 Parts. 
 
 £ 8. 
 
 D. 
 
 40 
 
 26 13 
 
 4 
 
 30 
 
 20 
 
 
 12 
 
 8 
 
 
 12 
 
 8 
 
 
 10 
 
 6 13 
 
 4 
 
 10 
 
 6 13 
 
 4 
 
 109 
 
 72 13 
 
 4 
 
 39 
 
 26 
 
 
 38 
 
 25 6 
 
 8 
 
 pts 300 
 
 £200 
 
 A<^ainst this I know nothing material that can be objected. Only the last article may 
 possibly be excepted against, because Eeparations are otherwise provided for. But 
 here the Eemedy is easy : Seeing the 2"^ Preacher and 5 Junior Fellows cut off by the 
 ArchBp's Injunctions were intended to be Officers of the House, it seems reasonable 
 that the share of the Dividend w""" would have accrew'd to them should not sink into 
 the Common stock, but be apply'd for the Augmentation of the Several shares of the 
 present officers who discharge all the duty as follows- 
 
 Parts. 
 
 To the Master . 
 The Warden 
 The 1"' Fellow 
 The 2"'i Fellow 
 The 3'^ Fellow 
 
 50 
 40 
 17 
 17 
 14 
 
 The 4'" Fellow . 
 
 The 12 Poor Pensioners 
 
 The 30 Out Members 
 
 Parts. 
 
 14 
 109 
 
 39 
 
 300 parts. 
 
224 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 If it is alleg'd that the Dividend should be shar'd in such sort that the Master may 
 liave \ more than the Warden, above thrice as much as the Senior Fellow, & 4 times 
 as much as the Junior, it may be answer'd, that the Statute can be understood to 
 extend only to the yearly Dividend in proportion to the Salaries then fixt, but not to 
 any future settl'd augmentation, w"'" the Founder could neither foresee nor provide for. 
 Besides the M' "W" &c have their full tale of parts according to the Stat: viz* The M"" 
 40 The W° 30 &c with the addition of 10 more apiece to the M' W" &c out of a 
 common Fund : So that tho' the M""' share with y° s* addition does not amount to 
 quadruple one of the Junior Fellows Yet there is no injiistice or partiality in the 
 Division, forasmuch as the 38 supernumerary parts w""" lay in common, are distributed 
 with a due subordination as near as may be, assigning the greatest number of parts to 
 the biggest pension. 
 
 It has been said with relation to these additional Parts, that one ought not in 
 prudence to lay claim to finy more than is his due, least he fall short of what is really 
 so. I own the Aphorism to be true, but deny the Application. For I am so far from 
 thinlving it more than we can justly pretend to, that, I doubt not, but if a fair repre- 
 sentation of the Case were made to his Grace of Canterbury, He might be easily 
 induc'd to add the Chantorships y^selves to our places, especially considering that 
 this is a Fund for augmenting our Salaries to w""" the Poor are not entitled by the Will 
 of the Donor. But if this particular method shall be rejected, yet the reasons for a 
 Dividend in general stand good still and if any one shall advance a more commodious 
 proposal I shall readily give in to it. 
 
 It has likewise been objected. That in this Scheme of Division no notice is talcen 
 of the Article of Diet : But for this abundant provision is already made, either by 
 applying to the use of the present Society the Diet appointed by the Founder for the 
 6 abrogated Fellows & 3 Servants : or else upon the foot of the Injunctions, without 
 loading the Dividend with an unnecessary Article. Since I have mentioned the im- 
 portant point of Diet I beg leave to take this opportunity of giving my opinion freely 
 about it. 
 
 Our want of due Oeconomy in this particular cannot but be very Apparent to all 
 the Society : Nay some of those who have been entertained at our Ordinary have been 
 pleas'd to ridicule our indiscretion in keeping open house, when at the same time we 
 have hardly salary enough to find us clean linnen. And, like ^Esop's Frog that 
 emulated the Ox, endeavouring to outdo even the A. B. himself. His Grace havin" 
 confin'd his hospitality to one day in the week, and we forsooth, must keep a publick 
 table every day. And indeed such reflections as these seem not to be altoo-ether 
 groundless. For the Founder havmg allotted but 10" p. ann. apiece for diet, bread and 
 beer included, & particularly determin'd the increase of Diet for Feastin<T'days- nay 
 order'd that the person employ'd by the Visitor to visit the school, shS.1 have his 
 dinner for himself & his Man, and meat for his Horse found at the charge of the 
 College for that day, these things I say being so particularly provided for by y' 
 Founder 'twas certainly far enough from his thoughts that the College should keep a 
 publick table for the entertainment of all straggling guests that had but impudence 
 enough to obtrude themselves upon them to the total exhausting of that Fund out of 
 w"" by the will of the Donor their annual income was to be increas'd. So far was he 
 from giving the least countenance to such a practice that he has expressly forbidden 
 us to assign over our own Commons to any other person: How then can it be affirm'd 
 with any Sense, that he has at the same time left us at liberty to dispo.se of what is 
 not our own ? It is, I confess a fine thing to have a plentiful table at command and 
 
I7I2-] THE COLLEGE TABLE. 225 
 
 to be in a condition to entertain our friends and visitants at the publick charge. But 
 if the Founder has made no provision for it, as it is certain he has not, where is our 
 right to do so ? To say that we assume this privilege as a valuable consideration for 
 our Dividend will not do. Por the poor's proportion in a Dividend being with respect 
 to ours as 3 to 2, or thereabouts, it were not amiss to consider, how we can oblige 
 them, whose interest the Founder has made inseparable from ours, w*out their consent, 
 to contribute f towards the entertainment of our friends & acquaintances ? Friends, did 
 I say ? nay very often nobody's friends & hardly any one's acquaintances. 
 
 But if the alteration of the value of money, & price of provisions be one good 
 reason for the augmentation of Salaries, will it not hold equally for increase of diet ? 
 I grant it will : but then this can give no colour for increasing our diet beyond decent 
 conveniency. If the allowance of diet to the cancell'd Fellows & servants being 9 in 
 number, be added to the Statutable allowance of the present members, the little or no 
 necessity of any further augmentation will appear : For thus the M' Ward" Fellows 
 Boys and Servants shall have 230" p. ann. for their table all included in the 600" 
 p. ann. to w'"' the Founder has contin'd our Ordinary expenees, w""" is about 150" for 
 12 men and 80" a year for 12 boys. This with the Conveniences we have of a good 
 Garden & Orchards, Hoggs, poultrey, pigeon-house &c & having all dress'd gratis, is so 
 far from being a scanty provision, that I really think it answerable with good manage- 
 ment, to all our ordinary & extraordinary occasions and such as will not exclude 
 reasonable & discreet hospitality, w""" I would not be understood wholly to condemn, 
 but only to have restrain'd within just limits. Cic De Off. L. 1. " Videndum est ut 
 " eS. Liberalitate utamur, quae prosit amicis, noceat nemini : Non enim benefici neque 
 " liberales dicendi sunt, qui aliis nocent, ut in alios liberales videantur, sed in eadem 
 " sunt injustitia, ut si in suam rem aliena convertant." Not to mention the article of 
 Drink which since the cellar is, in a manner, common, & no small beer drunk in the 
 family but by the Boys, must needs rise very high, let one only cast an Eye upon our 
 weekly accts & he will quickly perceive how much we exceed our bounds. I shall 
 mention but two or three instances of many, which I took notice of to you when the 
 books were sign'd. 
 
 In the last week of January there was spent by us and the servants 156^ lb of 
 butchers meat. In Easter week 200 lb. In the 2* week of Lent 170 lb. In the 2 
 last weeks of November 366 lb besides fish, fowl, tripe, bread, beer, butter, cheese, 
 sausages, roots, greens, pudding, spices, &c. 
 
 Thus we see how our table expenees have swell'd beyond their just proportion : If 
 this be not effectually reform'd what is now propos'd in respect to a Dividend, and 
 what "ood overtures may be made by others to the same effect, wiU all prove abortive 
 & fruitless : And it highly conceins the Master and Warden to think seriously of it, 
 for if nothing is done, when the reasons for doing it are so manifest & apparent, it will, 
 by indifferent persons be chiefly imputed to them. And on the contrary, whatever 
 some people may think of it, it will certainly very much iuhance their reputation in 
 the Opinion of good and wise men, if they shall bend their endeavours to reform abuses 
 
 introduced by the negligence or of their predecessors W'*" are so detrimental to 
 
 every particular member of this Society. I offer, w'" submission the following Eules, 
 w"" if duly observ'd, may I hope prove somewhat useful. 
 
 '1 That in making the weekly Bills the quantity of meat be adjusted, as near as 
 may be, to the number of y' psons who are to eat it. 
 
 2. That whosoever shall invite any person (Tenants & neighbours excepted) shall 
 forfeit, as the Warden propos'd toties quoties. 
 
 VOL. I. ^ ^ 
 
2Z6 
 
 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. 
 
 [a.d. 
 
 3. That Workmen & Labourers be paid such wages as they receive elsewhere, 
 without any allowance of meat and drink. 
 
 4. That none of the Servants presume to dispose of any thing under their charge, 
 without express Orders. Let them have good Eules given them, & be oblig'd under 
 the severest penalties to execute y™ accordingly. 
 
 If these, or such like regulations were made, it is not to be doubted but that the 
 annual income of every member of the Society, would ordinarily amount to consider- 
 ably more than it is at present ; to w"" augmentation, I humbly conceive, they have as 
 good a right viz* founded upon the statutes, as they have to their stated Salaries. 
 
 At the audit on the 4th March 1713/4 there was £201. 12s. due to the 
 College, with arrears of £234, and £100 was again put into the Treasury- 
 Chest ; Richard Grinsel, a poor scholar, being sent to the University at the 
 same time. On this day also Thomas Clark, whose portrait is still in the 
 College, was elected organist. On the 4th March in the next year, 1714/5, 
 the amount due to the College was £221. 7s. 3^d., with arrears of £226. 
 And the advocates of a dividend at last prevailing, £200 was divided into 
 600 parts, as per Statute 118, and shared among the Society as follows : — 
 
 The Master for his 40 parts 
 
 The Warden i'or his 30 parts 
 
 The first Senior fellow for his 12 parts 
 
 The second Senior fellow for his 12 parts 
 
 The third Fellow for his 10 parts . 
 
 The fourth Fellow for his 10 parts 
 
 The 12 poor brethren and sisters 109| parts 
 
 The 6 assistants for their 3 parts for the addition of their 
 
 horsehire ..... 
 The 30 out members for 39 parts . 
 For their 15 parts for the bettering their gowns to be paid 
 
 next Audit when their gowns are paid for 
 
 Eemains in the Warden's hands for the Increase of the 
 Statutable allowance for Diet, apparel wages &c 
 
 £200 
 
 This principle of distribution, though the payments to the thirty out- 
 members were afterwards omitted, was followed thereafter until the dis 
 establishment of the Society in 1857. In 1715 the Court, considering that 
 the £100 m the treasury chest was idle, and likely to remain so, ordered 
 that the amount be laid out for an exchequer order ; " and later in 1717 
 the investment was changed to a ticket in the lotterf of 1711 the receiDt 
 for which was put into the statute book in the treasury chest In tL 
 succeeding March, 1715/6, a second dividend of £100 was declared and 
 
 £13 
 10 
 4 
 4 
 3 
 3 
 36 
 
 1 
 13 
 
 6 
 
 
 
 6 
 6 
 10 
 
 
 
 
 8 
 
 
 
 8 
 8 
 
 
 
 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 £93 10 
 
 
 
 106 10 
 
 
 
I720.] TAYLOR V. DULWICH COLLEGE. 227 
 
 thenceforward there was, with very few exceptions, a dividend, at every 
 March audit. 
 
 At the audit on the 4th March 1718/9 James Bennet was sent to 
 Cambridge. 
 
 From the year 1715 to the year 1723 the Register was almost entirely 
 neglected. From the former year till 1719 there are no entries at all. In 
 1719 three baptisms are recorded ; in 1721, one burial, that of the Master ; 
 and in 1722 there is one wedding. Mr. Hume wrote on one of the pages, 
 " Hiatus octo annorum," to which another and later hand has added the 
 words, "valde deflensus." 
 
 At this time the College was engaged as defendant in a lawsuit with 
 Mrs. Taylor, the widow of John Taylor, who had held a lease of certain 
 tenements, one of which was formerly called "The Bell." The circum- 
 stances were as follows : — 
 
 In the year 1691 a person named Lewis, of Dulwich, died, appointing Mr. 
 John AUeyn, then Master of the College, his executor and residuary legatee. 
 Amongst other property, he left a College lease of certain tenements, which 
 lease the Master enjoyed until its expiry in 1G96 (see ante, p. 202). The 
 statutes expressly forbidding the granting of any lease to the Master, 
 Warden, or Fellows, John AUeyn could not have Lewis' lease renewed to 
 himself, but (according to Mr. Hume) he by his interest and authority pro- 
 cured alease for twenty-one years,from Michaelmas 1696, at the yearly rent of 
 £13. 10s., to be granted to his intimate friend John Taylor, of Westminster, 
 tailor. The premises therein demised are described as " The Bell, Cornish 
 " Mount and 6 acres of ground." Mr. Taylor having built two tenements on 
 the land, a " recommendam " was made on the 4th March 1704, whereby 
 it was " recommended " by the then Society, that their successors should 
 renew this lease on its expiry at the same rent and under the same 
 covenants. 
 
 John Taylor died during the currency of the lease, which became the 
 property of his nephew and heir, also named John Taylor, who in 17 17 
 applied for a new lease in accordance with the " recommendam," and an 
 order for such lease was made at the audit of the 4th September 1717. 
 
 The reasons which moved the Society to grant this lease are thus stated 
 by Mr. Hume : — 
 
 " We were induc'd to it by motives of prudence and the Master's 
 " authority. The thing was propos'd and urg'd by him who should under- 
 " stand the true interest of y° College best : And the gentleman (Taylor) 
 " being rich and childless, and in a declining state of health and having 
 " got much by the College, aind broad intimations having been made, that 
 " he designed to be a Benefactor to it, we were unwilling to disoblige him." 
 Mr. Hume adds — " But the hopes we had conceiv'd of his being charitably 
 
228 HISTORY OF DULWICII COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 " dispos'd towards our Society were defeated by his dying intestate in the 
 " February following." 
 
 "The lease not being sealed when Mr, Taylor died, the audit of the 4th 
 September 1718 (again quoting Mr. Hume) "declared (nemine, praster 
 " unum contradicente) that the former order was void, and ordered that the 
 " CoUege should keep the premises in their own hands and repair the 
 " houses w*^"" were run into great disorder for want of due care." The dis- 
 sentient was the Master. 
 
 A Mr. Holden, trustee of John Taylor, senior, then claimed a lease 
 pursuant to the " recommendam " of the 4th March 1704 and the order 
 of the 4th September 1717, for the benefit of Arabella Taylor, widow 
 and administratrix. This being refused, Mrs. Taylor preferred a bill in 
 Chancery against the Master, Warden, and Fellows personall)'-, but after- 
 wards amended her bill and made it against the College as a corporation. 
 Mr. Hume, who appears to have had the entire conduct of the defence, 
 ^vrote a long letter to Mr. Price, the College "soHcitor in Chancery," 
 detailing the whole history of the system of recommendams, referring 
 to the order of the 5th March 1687/8, mentioned above, to the effect 
 that no houses or lands should be let to any but those who should 
 inhabit and occupy the same, and giving many reasons why the " recom- 
 '•' mendam " and order of the 4th September 1717 should be considered null 
 and void. This letter formed part of the brief of the counsel representing 
 the College at the hearing of the case, before Lord Chancellor Parker, on 
 the 31st October 1720. 
 
 The Lord Chancellor delivered the following judgment, which is 
 reported in Peere Williams' reports, vol. i. p. 655, ed. 1740 : — 
 
 The Hospital or College of Dullidge was seised in fee of several Lands in Eight of 
 the College and the statutes relating to the constitution of it, restrain from making 
 Leases of the Lands other than for twenty one years, at the Eack Eent. In 1696 the 
 Hospital made a lease to John Taylor the Plaintiffs Intestate for twenty one years, 
 under what was then the Eack rent, which was to expire at Michaelmas 1717, the 
 Lessee had improved the Premisses hy buUding two Houses, and at the College Audit, 
 which was kept twice a year, every fourth of March and fourth of September, au 
 Entry was made in the Eegister, by which, in consideration that the said John Taylor 
 had built two Houses on the premises, and thereby improved the same, therefore it 
 was recommended that at the End of the Lease the College should make him a new 
 Lease for twenty one years at the Ancient Eent, without raising it; and this Entry 
 was signed by the Master Warden and most of the Fellows. Afterwards when the 
 Lease was near expiring, upon the Intestate's applying for a new one the Colleo-e at 
 the Audit held on the 4'" of March 1716 (the lease being to expire on'the Michaelmas 
 following) made an Order that the Intestate should have a new Lease of the Premisses 
 from Michaelmas next, at the old Eent, and under the same Covenants, as the former • 
 and this Order was signed by the Master Warden and most of the Fellows. The 
 intestate died about the time of the next audit September 4. 1717, whereupon the 
 
1720.] TAYLOR N. DULWICH COLLEGE. 229 
 
 Widow having taken out administration, at the Audit in March following applied for 
 a new Lease according to the order ; but being refused, she now brought a Bill to 
 compel the College to make her a new Lease of the Premisses in Pursuance of their 
 own order ; and Allen the Master Warden was the Plaintiffs principal witness. 
 
 It was alledged, that the Order for making a new Lease to the Intestate, did 
 amount to an agreement ; and consequently the Bill was proper to compel an Execu- 
 tion of it. 
 
 Lord Chancellor : — The Master- V\^arden (M' AUen) who appears as a witness in 
 the Cause, betrays his Trust in Eelation to the College, and has acted inconsistently 
 with the Oath he has taken as Warden ; neither do I like the Eecoinmendation made 
 by the Master- Warden and Fellows to make a new Lease to the Intestate Taylor, at 
 the old Eent ; it being no less than a Eecommendation to their successors to wrong 
 the College, and break their statutes which say, that no lease should be made but at 
 the Eack Eents. 
 
 As to the Signing of private Persons, namely the Master-Warden and Fellows, 
 that cannot be such a Contract as binds the College ; for a Contract to bind that (or 
 indeed any Corporation, as to its Revenue) must be under its Common Seal. It is 
 true, there would have been some Equity, if the Intestate had, after this Order for a 
 new Lease at the old Eent, laid out Money in improving or building on the Premisses, 
 in Confidence and Eeliance on such order. However, even in that Case he should 
 have had his Eeparation only from the private persons signing the order, not against 
 the College ; As to the Eepairs done by the Lessee since the order for the new Lease, 
 these are no more than what by his old Lease he was obliged to do : for which Eeasons 
 I dismiss the Bill with costs. 
 
 Mr. Hume after this judgment inserted the following note to his letter 
 to Mr. Price : — 
 
 Our counsel order'd the Sollicitor to give each of them a copy of this Letter and in 
 their pleading hardly used any other arguments besides those here suggested. After a 
 full hearing the Lord Chancellor dismiss'd the Bill w'" costs not w'out severe Eeflec- 
 tions upon some people's conduct. He utterly condemn'd the pernicious Eecommend- 
 ams and declar'd that if such a Lease had been actually executed he would make it 
 void. This was a cause of y" greatest consequence that ever had been try'd by the 
 College, for we not only gain'd a considerable increase of Eent, but also asserted our 
 Authority as Landlords to the great mortification of some of our good neighbours 
 whereas had it gone against us, we must have been insulted and despis'd as a parcell 
 of insignificant Tools. 
 
 At the audit on the 4th March 1720 the Court ordered that, "Whereas 
 " the twelve poor Brethren and sisters have been found to squander away 
 " their Dividend money so that when any of them have been sick they have 
 " not had money to provide themselves necessaries. It is therefore for the 
 " future ordered that the money arising out of the Dividend shall be kept 
 " by the Warden and delivered to them at twelve equal payments, one 
 " every month, except more shall be requisite on account of sickness or other 
 " necessary occasion, to be approved by the master warden and fellows." 
 
 This order was thereafter observed until the dissolution of the College. 
 
2 30 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.u. 
 
 On the 1st September 1721, Thomas AUeyn, the Master, died, and 
 James Alleyn, the Warden, became Master in his stead. The new Master 
 at the audit oh the 4th September put an end to one of the subjects of 
 contention amongst the Society by procuring an order " that the College 
 " Seal be put into a Box (to be kept in the Treasury chamber) with three 
 " locks and keys to it, to be kept by the master and two junior Fellows." 
 
 A new Warden, William AUeyn, was elected on the 12th October 1721. 
 His first accounts, presented 4th March 1721/2, showed £153. 9s. Id. due 
 to the College, out of which £150 was made a dividend. 
 
 In 1723 the then Archbishop of Canterbury, Dr. Wake, commenced a 
 visitation of the College, mainly on the petition of a Mr. Hunter, a tenant 
 of the College, whose object appears to have been to obtain a revision of 
 the statute forbidding the granting of leases for a longer term than twenty- 
 one years. 
 
 Dr. John Bettesworth, Dean of Arches, was the Archbishop's com- 
 missioner. In a letter addressed to him, Mr. Hume, after giving the 
 history of the " Recommendams," proceeds as follows : — 
 
 These pernicious Eecommendations having been lately condemn'd by my L* 
 Chancellor, another way was thought of to retrieve the affair & to put a stop to the 
 growing evil of letting the College Lands at a valuable rent. It was proposed to 
 erect certain new Copyhold houses upon the common & wast in imitation of what 
 had been lately done at Hamsted, and this was recommended and urg'd as a project 
 of great advantage not only to the College, but to the Town in general, as in truth it 
 was. But when we came to the point to obtain the consent of the Homage w'^out 
 w"" it could not be done, it was said, that as the old possessors at Hampsted had been 
 gratify'd, so it was but reasonable that those of Dulwich should have something done 
 for them too, and that y" proposer could think of nothing more reasonable for them to 
 ask or for the Lords of the Manor to grant than this. That all the Tenants both 
 Copyholders and Leaseholders should have such Parcells of the common adjoining to 
 their Houses assign'd to them by copy of Court EoU as they should think commodfous, 
 and the reason given was That the proposer & others had from time to time been 
 disturb'd by some troublesome neighbours for railing in small parcells of the wast 
 before their Houses, & that he was willing to be free'd from this inconveniency. To 
 this seemingly innocent proposal it was answered by M' Hume, That the thina was 
 feasible & such as in all likelyhood the Visitor would approve of, and that perhaps it 
 was reasonable enough to add to Copyholds by Copy, and to Leaseholds by Lease, 
 such parts of the Adjoining wast as might seem convenient. But to give a piece of 
 copyhold Land before a Leasehold House (the Proposer's case) was evidently to 
 make that House equal to a Freehold, & to put it out of the Landlord's power for ever 
 to Lett that House to any but the possessor of the Copyhold addition, or even to him 
 but upon his own Terms. The snake in the Grass being thus discover'd & the 
 mine sprung without doing any execution, no consent could be obtain'd & so the proiect 
 dropt. ^ ^ 
 
 The Warden, William Alleyn, died on the 27th October 1723. He 
 seems to have been in bad health for some time previously, the audit on 
 
1 724-] ARCHBISHOP WAKES INJUNCTIONS. 231 
 
 the 4th_ September 1723 recording the receipt from him of £3, as fines for 
 non-residence. 
 
 Of the consequent election of John Alleyn as "Warden, a detailed account 
 is preserved in the weekly account book, which will be found in the chapter 
 on Elections. 
 
 James Alleyn, the Master, from this time dropped the "y" from his 
 name, and signed himself James Allen. The Warden continued to call 
 himself "Alleyn," but he was the last who did so, all the subsequent 
 Masters and Wardens writing their names "Allen." * 
 
 At the audit on the 4th March 1723/4, £100 in. cash was put into the 
 treasury chest in the room of the Lottery annuity, which had been paid off 
 by Act of Parliament, and on the 24th September 1724 the following order 
 as to " Eecommendams " was passed : — 
 
 " Ordered that Whereas Eecommendams have been found prejudicial to 
 " the Colledge, and have been declared by the Lord Chancellor to be 
 " fraudulent. That no Eecommendams be hereafter granted or allowed on 
 " any pretence whatsoever." 
 
 On the 9th December 1724 Archbishop Wake published the following 
 Injunctions as the result of his visitation. They are taken from his Eegister 
 in Lambeth Palace : — 
 
 Orders, Rules & Injunctions for the better Government of the College of God's Gift 
 in Dulwych in the county of Surrey, Given at the Visitation of the most Eeverend 
 Father in God William by Divine Providence Lord Archbishop of Canterbury His 
 Grace, Primate of all England & Metropolitan & Visitor of the s'^ College. 
 
 1. It appearing to us in the course of this visitation. That the school has not 
 liitherto answered the Intention of the Founder, For the better ordering thereof for 
 the future, We ordain & require that upon every Vacancy the Churchwardens of the 
 parish from whence the election is to be made, shall send to the college a List of 
 Three or Four Boys as near as may be, equally indigent who over & above the 
 Qualifications menconed by the Founder shall appear to have been Instructed in the 
 Church Catechism & are able to read well in the New Testament, out of whom the 
 Master and Warden shall choose Two the best Qualified to draw the Lots. 
 
 2. Tiiat the Nomination & Election of the Three Boys from Camberwell, being 
 vested in the Master, Warden & Fellows We charge and admonish them to be strictly 
 caref ull to elect such only as appear to be well Qualified & likely to make a proficiency 
 in the said school. 
 
 3. That the Master & Usher do their utmost towards forwarding the Children in 
 their Learning & Instructing them in the principles of Virtue & Eehgion, and that 
 they never suffer swearing lying or Theiving to go Unpunished. 
 
 4 That considering how few hours schooling are required by the statutes, the 
 Master, or Usher in his absence, be very cautious in granting leave for play on any 
 other than Church or State Holydays. 
 
 5. That neither the Schoolmaster nor Usher be absent above one day in the Week 
 
 • With the exception of the present Sir J. G. Newton Alleyne, Bart., who was Warden from 
 184.3 to 1851. 
 
232 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 ■without leave from the Master Warden & major part of the Fellows under their hands 
 in writing under pain of the forfeitures prescribed by the 44"" statute. 
 
 6. That -the schoolmaster every week before Whitsuntide do attend the Visitor 
 with a List of the Twelve Boys, their respective ages, standing & Degrees of learning, 
 & at the same time Eemind his Grace of their Founder's Eequest, That some learned 
 Divine may be sent to appose, visit & examine the poor Scholars in their learning & 
 how they profit therein, as also how they are Instructed in matter of Eeligion & of the 
 service & worship of Almighty God. 
 
 7. That if at the age of Fourteen a Boy be Judged incapable of being Qualified for 
 the University, he be Taught the vulgar Arithmatick, & to write a good hand & at a 
 competent age be put out to some Trade of the better sort agi'eeable to such an 
 education, & that the Warden be in a more particular manner charged with the 
 care of providing such a Master as may be approv'd of by the Society, one of 
 an unblemished character, strictly sober & virtuous & a constant frequenter of 
 the Established Church. It being of the last Importance & that upon which 
 their future well being does in so great a Measure depend, & that an Entry be 
 made in a Eegister kept for tliat purpose of the Master's name, Trade, & place of 
 Habitation, & the sum of money given with each Boy, that the same may appear to us 
 or our successors whenever called for, and every Boy who shall hereafter serve the 
 whole Time of his Apprenticeship with Diligence & honesty, shall at the expiration 
 thereof upon a proper Certificate from his Master be entitled to the sum of Five 
 Pounds from the s* College. 
 
 8. For the more Eegular performing of Divine Service for the future & as near to 
 the Intention of the Founder as is consistent with the charter of Incorporation & Deed 
 of Uses, We ordain & require that the psalms & Hymns as the Te Deum &c be 
 chaunted to the Organ on Sundays & Holydays as is practised in the King's Chappel 
 & an anthem sung by the Boys every Sunday in the afternoon. 
 
 9. That such of the College servants as are hindred by their necessary Business 
 from being at the Chappel on Sunday Mornings shall attend the preacher in the 
 Evening, after Supper, to be ordered & Instructed by him under the Penalty of Six 
 pence for every omission unless particularly Dispensed with for some good Eeasons to 
 be approved of by the Master or Warden in his absence. 
 
 10. And for as much as good Oeconomy & discreet management are of the utmost 
 consequences to so large a family, We direct & Enjoyn that the Warden shall pay for 
 all the Provision as it is Bought, that both Master & Warden be obliged out of their 
 own pocketts to pay their servants wages, & the College only to find their Horses 
 mth Grass & Hay & that they have a Watchfull Eye over their Workmen & Servants 
 & see that every thing about the House be kept in a decent & becoming order. 
 
 11. It appearing to us by the Eeport of a very able and experienc'd Surveyor 
 employed by Us for that purpose, that notwithstanding the very Great Charge k 
 Expence the College hath been at both immediately before & pending this visitation 
 in repairing & Beautifying some parts of their Buildings Yet the Court Wall & Gates 
 are in a very ruinous condition, & must be rebuilt, or they will soon fall, & that the 
 Wing which makes the East side is so crazy and feeble, that unless They were in a 
 condition to Eebuild it it would be but throwing Money away to do more to it than 
 will keep it from Falling. To the end therefore They may be able to Eebuild the 
 same m a durable convenient & creditable manner, with regard to the Memorv of 
 their Founder ; We order & Enjoyn that over & above the sum of one hundred 
 pounds now remammg in the Treasury chest, the farther sum of Forty pounds be 
 
1 724-] ARCHBISHOP WAKES INJUNCTIONS. 233 
 
 atinually laid by, till They shall have so much in Stock as will fully answer the expence 
 of Eebuilding the s* Wing pursuant to a Modell to be approved of by Us or our suc- 
 cessors Archbishops of Canterbury for the time being. And We further Direct that the 
 s* Court Wall and Gates be Eebuilt within the space of Two years from the Date hereof. 
 
 12. That the allowances out of the College Eevenues and Profits be no otherwise 
 Disposed of than according to the proporcons prescribed by ArchbP. Sheldon & that 
 no one presume to make any alteration therein without our leave first had & obtained : 
 But whereas the Eevenue & profits of the College which by a computation made in 
 His time did not exceed Eight hundred pounds p ann one year with another, are now 
 encreased to one thousand pounds & upwards. We do over & above the annual sum 
 of forty pounds in the preceding article Direct that the further sum of Six pounds at 
 the- least be every year laid out for purchasing proper books for the Library, where 
 they are much wanted, the s* Books to be Bought by the Preacher for the time being 
 with the approbation of the Master Warden & Fellows: The s* preacher to be 
 onerated with the care of the s*" Library, that an exact Catalogue be made to be 
 delivered to the Librarian & Eeceived from him again at his departure. That the 
 Master, Warden & Fellows have liberty to take any of the Books to their Chambers 
 for the space of one week & no longer. They giving the Library Keeper a note for 
 them in a Book to be kept for that purpose. 
 
 13. That out of the Thirty Two pounds per annum allow'd by the Founder, for 
 salaries for Chaunters who were never regularly introduced, nor Indeed could be con- 
 sistently with the Charter of Incorporation & Deed of Uses : We will & Direct that 
 the sum of eight pounds pr ann over & above their present salaries be paid to the 
 preacher for the time being the like to the schoolmaster, six pounds to tlie usher & 
 Four pounds to the organist as further augmentacons to their several salaries or 
 Pensions upon this special Trust & Confidence & They not otherwise to be entitled to 
 any part thereof, namely that the s* Preacher besides the care of the Library as 
 jnenconed in the foregoing Article be obliged on every Sunday in the afternoon, 
 between Lady day & Michlms day to read a Catechetical Lecture & that the School- 
 master & Usher be obliged to teach & Instruct such Boys of the poorer Inhabitants 
 of Dulwycli (as can read in the New Testament) in perfecting their Eeading as also in 
 writin" & the vulgar Arithmatick, who at the time of their Admission into the s^ school 
 shall be under the Age of Ten, provided the s* Boys are not more than Twelve in 
 number at any one time, Eemoveable at the Discretion of the Society if their case 
 shall be judged to require it & likewise all such Boys, children of the Inhabitants of 
 Dulwich who shall be Desirous of Learning Latin on the Terms prescribed by the 
 Founder in His Sixty ninth Statute, And that tlie Organist do his Diligence in 
 brin"infT them up together with the Foiinder's Boys to assist decently at Divine 
 Service & in singing of the Psalms Hymns and Anthems. 
 
 14. For preventing all Disputes concerning Eesidence, We do declare that every 
 person, who is absent from Chappel both Morning & Evening Prayers, or shall Lay a 
 Nifht out of the College without Leave first asked & obtained shall be Deem'd Non 
 Eesident & to have Incurred the Penalties provided by statute for Eedress thereof. 
 
 15. Several Years having now Lapsed since any Terrier was made of the Lands & 
 Tenements belonging to the College, We do hereby Charge & require the Master 
 Warden & Fellows to make a full & perfect Teraer or Boundary of all & every 
 their Lands & Tenements and a compleat Eentall of their said Lands & Tene- 
 ments as now Let, as also a particular of their Woods, wiiat Timber there 
 is in them, & into how many Falls their Copses are Divided, & the Number of 
 
 VOL. I. 2 G 
 
234 
 
 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 Acres in every Pall & Deliver the same unto Us under their comon seal, on or before 
 Midsumer day next, & to lay up a Duplicate thereof in the College Chest of Muni- 
 ments & that they cg.use Three Copies of the said Terrier to be Delivered to the 
 Assistants to be kept one in each parish from whence the s* Assistants are to be 
 chosen. 
 
 16. There being no Provision in the statute for Pewell for the poor Brethren & 
 Sisters, nor for Physick & attendance when they are Sick We hereby Declare our 
 intire approbation of the Method lately Introduc'd by the College of allowing them 
 Yearly Two hundred Paggotts each, & do Earnestly recomend such as shall be Sick or 
 Maimed to their Charitable Care & Assistance. 
 
 17. It appearing highly probable to Us, That the Pounder in Appointing the 
 Churchwardens by the Name of Assistants (who might be a cheq[ue upon the Society 
 in the Management of their Eevenue, might Moderate in all their Differences & take 
 care of the Interest of the poor of their respective parishes) to have certain 
 Allotments out of the College Ptevenue, intended the number of the s* Assistants 
 should be in proporcon to the Society as Six to Twelve (He having at the same time 
 Appointed a Master Warden & Ten Fellows) but whereas it is very clear, That the 
 Pounder never had any power or authority in Law to Appoint any such Assistants at 
 all, nor to enlarge the Number of his Pellows beyond Pour, So that what was done by 
 Him in that Respect, is indeed contrary both to the Charter of Incorporation & Deed 
 of Uses, Nevertheless out of a due Regard to what was done by Him, & at the same 
 Time to prevent the many ill consequences that may justly be apprehended from the 
 s* Assistants outnumbering the s^ Society which consist only of a Master, Warden & 
 Pour Pellows & for preserving the Ballance intended by the Pounder, We are content 
 to allow & do hereby allow as far as in us lies, That Three Churchwardens which 
 shall be the Upper Churchwardens of the Three parishes, out of which They have 
 hitherto been taken, may continue to Act as Assistants, & have the Usual Allowances 
 in proportion out of the Revenue belonging to the s* College. 
 
 18. To prevent all occasions of Scandal & Offence by the Evil or unwary Conduct 
 of any of the Members of the s" College, We do order & Direct That if any of the 
 Society, but especially such as are in Holy Orders, be Ibund Tipling or Drinkin^ in 
 any of the Publick Houses within the Liberty of Dulwych, He shall for every such 
 offence be Fined for the same, if a Layman Two Shillings, if a Clergyman Two 
 Shillings & Sixpence, to be put into the common Stock of the s* CoUce & We do 
 Require the Master & Warden upon Information and proof thereof to See that this 
 Fine be paid accordingly. 
 
 19. Lastly We order & Enjoyn that till a more perfect Settlement can be 
 obtained, The Injunctions of Archbishop Sheldon as far as they are not altered by 
 these our Orders shall be Deemed & taken to have full force & to be observed in all 
 respects, & that both His & These our Orders & Decrees be read over to the Society 
 at the same time the Statutes are, And We strictly charge & Admonish the Master 
 whose duty it is to see. That due Obedience be paid unto Them by all & every the 
 Members of the said College, & all persons concerned therein under pain of Contempt. 
 Given at our Palace at Lambeth under our Archi:Epal Seal the Ninth day of 
 
 December Annoq Dni One thousand Seven hundred & Twenty Pour, & Ninth 
 Year of our Translation. 
 
 The churchwardens met at the College on the 4th March 1724/5, and 
 
1725] LETTER TO DR. BETTESWORTH. 
 
 23s 
 
 the 17tli Injunction, by which their number was reduced to three, was read 
 to them by the Master. They at once questioned the Visitor's power, refused 
 to act or to take the pensions for their poor, and went away before dinner 
 without signing the accounts. Business was nevertheless proceeded with. 
 A dividend of £200 was declared, and it was also, in compliance with the 
 16th Injunction, ordered "that M'' Joseph Wood Surgeon, have 10'. per 
 " annum for Surgery and Physick for the Old People and boys : Payable 
 " half yearly the first payment to be made on Midsommer next." This 
 arrangement, however, lasted but three years, an order being made on the 
 4th March 1727/8, "that the salary of 10'. per ann: allowed to M' Wood, 
 " cease from Midsummer next ; and that he shall bring in his bill, for what 
 " he shall do for the boys & old people for the future." 
 
 The churchwardens were not the only persons who were dissatisfied 
 with the new Injunctions, for Mr. Hunter, the original promoter of the 
 Visitation, attempted to obtain from the Archbishop some variation of the 
 article relating to the increase of the stipends of the Fellows. 
 
 Mr. Hume thereupon wrote the following letter to Dr. Bettesworth, the 
 Dean of Arches : — 
 
 April 17, 1725. 
 Worthy Sir. 
 
 Ecce iterum Crispinus ! (M' Hunter). 
 
 The same uneasy Gent who hath occasion'd so much trouble to procure a new sett 
 of Injunctions not being satisfied w"" them now they are made, has been to wait upon 
 his Grace, accompanied (as I am informed) by one of our own Body, to desire that 
 they may be alter'd. The case is this. Our places being poor, the Revenue increas'd, 
 and y" Chaunter's salaries at y° visitor's disposal, his Grace has been pleas'd to encrease 
 all our Salaries. This doubtless he might have done merely in consideration of y° 
 smallness of our Stipends ; but having suspended our enjoyment of the additional 
 salary upon a condition viz : Our teaching the poor Inhabitants' children, not exceed- 
 ing 12, to read, write & Cypher, we readily acquiesc'd to it, & have incurr'd no for- 
 feiture by refusing any duly qualify'd who have offer'd themselves ! 'Tis true, tho' 
 there are many little boys in y° village who will be fit in time, there are very few 
 qualified now at first: but 7 or 8 being a sufficient number to be taught for the 
 additional salary, since less than lO"" per q' is not paid in any Foundation School for 
 Boys not upon y* Establishment, we humbly conceiv'd, that be the Boys more or 
 fewer we should have a constant increase of salary, and be entitled to the benefit of it 
 when they should be under that Number, as well as liable to the disadvantage when 
 they should exceed it, w""" in aU probability wUl be the case for the most part : for, 
 cujus est damnum ejus debet esse commodum. Therefore we were exceedingly sur- 
 priz'd at a verbal message sent us t'other day by his Grace (the M' the Bearer) That 
 his mind was that 12 children not only of the Inhabitants of Dulwich who are 
 parishioners (& such only the Founder, & we thought the Visitor too meant to oblige) 
 but Strangers, or inmates, or who live in the adjacent parts should be immediately 
 admitted, otherwise we shall be paid only in proportion for the number we actually 
 have i.e. 2* or 3* for each Boy p week, a reward too httle for a Dame, besides the 
 meanness of being always oblig'd to reckon with the College for pence & farthings. 
 
236 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 We humbly hope that You who was lately our Judge, will now be our advocate, 
 and apprize his Grace of the true circumstances of this affair ; that we may not be 
 run down by calumny & false sugg.(3stions. Upon the terms these Gentlemen would 
 make for us, I must ingenuously own, I would disdain to accept of it. I'm heartily 
 sorry that this business should give you so much as the trouble of this letter more, 
 but we have none else we can so properly apply to, and I hope the equity of our 
 Cause, and yo"" own goodness will incline you to patronize us, or the Benefit intended 
 both to us and the Town (w'" is very considerable) will be defeated. Our good friends 
 are very assiduous in their applications to procure an interpretation according to their 
 mind in form. I can hardly think his Grace will do such a thing without con- 
 sulting you first, but for fear of the worst, If you will be so good as to espouse our 
 Cause, I humbly pray you would take an opportunity to do it quickly, lest it come too 
 late. Pardon this trouble I am forc'd to give you, and believe that I am with all 
 possible respect 
 
 Worthy Sir 
 
 Yo"" most obedient & devoted Servant, 
 
 J. H. 
 
 At the audit on the 4th September 1725 the churchwardens attended 
 and delivered in the following protest, but did not sign the accounts 
 (MSS. vi. 47) :— 
 
 Wee the underwritten being two churchwardens of the parish of S' Buttolphs 
 without Bishopsgate London, Two Churchwardens of S' Saviours in Southwark in the 
 County of Surry and Two churchwardens of that part of S' Giles without Cripplegate 
 which is in the county of Middlesex, Do hereby Insist that by the antient constitution 
 of the CoUedge of God's Gift in Dullwich in the county of Surry Two Churchwardens 
 of each of the severall Parishes aforesaid are appointed assistants to the Mast'. 
 Wardens & Fellows of the said Colledge in the Government thereof and have an 
 undeniable right in the audit of y° acco" of the said Colledge and in ordering y° use & 
 applicacon of the mony belonging thereto and in viewing the buildings of the said 
 Colledge and in ordering y' repairs thereof and in surveying and seeing y" Evidences 
 plate & mony remaining in y' Treasury of the said Colledge. And wee do further 
 Insist that by y° said Antient Constitutions one of the Churchwardens of S' Buttolpli 
 aforesaid & one of the churchwardens of S' Saviours aforesaid liave each of them a 
 right to keep a key of y° Comon Chest wherein is kept y' evidences of y° said Colledge 
 y' Plate not Daily used & y' ready money belonging to y' said CoUedge. And wee 
 do further Insist that by the same constitutions no Lease or demise of any of y" 
 Lands belonging to y° said Colledge should be made to any Person or Persons with- 
 out y» consent & approbaSon of y" said Churchwardens. And wee do Insist that the 
 said Churchwardens are Intitled by the said Constitutions to ten shillings apiece p. ann. 
 for their Horse hire All which rights priviledges and powers and all other rights ijrivi- 
 ledges and powers whereunto the said Churchwardens are Intitled by y' constitutions of 
 y' said Colledge Wee the underwritten do hereby claim and demand and do hereby offer 
 our concurrence in y' Governm' of the said Colledge and in y"^ Transactincr y« Business 
 thereof in y' premes as far as by y" said constitutions wee are Intitled^nd in such 
 manner as wee shall think consistent with y" Interest and to y° advantage of the said 
 Colledge. And wee do hereby Protest against & Dissent to every thincr done or trans- 
 acted or to be done or Transacted in y' Government of the said Colled°e with* y' con- 
 
I72S-] OPINION OF SIR PHILLIP YORKE. 237 
 
 currence & consent of us the underwritten wherein "Wee y° underwritten Churchwardens 
 are Interested or Intitled as aforesaid whereby the rights and Priviledges of us or our 
 ...Successors may be any ways prejudiced in the premes. Wittness our hands this fourth 
 day of September Anno Domini 1725. 
 
 Edward Grafton 
 Samuell Higgs 
 Jacob Grant 
 James Kinder 
 John Brewer 
 Tho: Vinter. 
 
 On the 4t]i March 1725/6, the churchwardens being still absent, a 
 dividend of £300 was declared. 
 
 Sir Phillip Yorke,* the Attorney-General, was consulted, probably by 
 the churchwardens, as to the legality of the reduction of the number of 
 assistants to three, the case as laid before him, and his opinion thereon, 
 being in the Lambeth Library (MSS. No. 1118, fol. 6). 
 
 The "Case" is in effect a recital of the Letters Patent and of the 
 " writings Quadrupartite " deposited by the Founder in the hands of the 
 Vestries, with a short resume of the Visitations held by previous Arch- 
 bishops of Canterbury. The question finally put to the Attorney-General 
 being, " Whether y° said Six churchwardens are Intitled to y° said office of 
 " Assistants in such manner as by y° said ordinances & ought to be restored 
 " accordingly." 
 
 The opinion was : — 
 
 The six churchwardens viz' two of each Parish are not part of y' Body Coi-porate 
 erected in this Cplledge for that siibsists entirely by y° letters patent 21 June 17. 
 .Tac 1, whereby it is created to consist of y° Mast' Warden ffellows brethren 
 Sisters and poor scholars no mencon being made therein of Assistants, & y° ffounder 
 could not afterwards vary from that & add to y" Corporacon. But notwith- 
 standing this I think y° said Churchwardens are Lawfully Entituled to such powei's 
 & authoritys as were given to them by y' ordinaiices or Statutes of y" ffounder of 
 29 Sept'. 2 Car 1. & such powers & authoritys or any of them cannot be taken from 
 them but by some person having power to repeal or alter those ordinances. There- 
 fore I apprehend the Question upon which this matter will depend, is whether y' 
 ArchBpp of Canterbury being appointed visitor by y° charter has power by himself 
 or his Vicar Gen', to repeal or alter those ordinances or Statutes ; As to that it is to be 
 observed that the appointment of his Grace to be visitor is accompanyd with this 
 special restrictive clause, with power to visit order and punish accoi-ding to y« 
 Ecclesiasticall Laws and such Laws as shall be made and ordained by y" said Edw^ 
 AUeyue in his Life time or after his death by any other person or persons to be 
 appo'inted by him under his hand and seal. It does not appear that any such appoint- 
 ment was made by M' AUeyn to take place after his death, so that may be laid out of 
 
 * Phillip Yorke, born 1st December 1690; called 1716; Solicitor-General, 22nd March 1720; 
 Attorney-General, 31st January 1724 ; Lord Chief Justice, 31at October 1733 ; created Lord Hardwicke 
 23rd November 1733 ; Lord Chancellor, 1735. 
 
238 HISTORY OF nULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 y" case, but he did make Laws or Statutes in his Life Time by that Instrm* of 29 
 Sept'. 2 Car 1. and therefore it seems to me that they are binding upon y' Visitor & 
 he is obliged to visit and act according to them- and cannot repeal or alter them for 
 that would be to contradict y' Intent of y° ffounder and alter y" ffoundacon. Upon 
 this Ground I apprehend that y° above menconed exclusion of one of y° Church- 
 wardens of each parish is not well warranted & that y* order for such Exclusion being 
 void, all y° said Churchwardens have (notwithstanding the same) a right to Act as 
 Assistants pursuant to y° said ordinances and that if they are hindred from so doing, 
 they may upon an Informacon Exhibited in Chancery in the Attorney Gen"' Name at 
 their relacon, be decreed to be restored thereto 
 
 P. YOEKE. 
 
 Sept' S'" 1726. 
 
 Upon this the churchwardens resolved to go to law, and so informed 
 the Archbishop, who, doubtful apparently of the issue, wrote the follow- 
 ing letter, authorizing the College to give way if that course was thought 
 best for the Society (Lambeth MSS. 1118) : — 
 
 To the Master, Warden & Fellows of DuUidge College. 
 
 Whereas in our late Visitation of y"" College, it was represented to us, that by the 
 statutes made by your founder for the Government of it, there were added to your 
 Corporation consisting only of a Master, Warden and four Fellows, six poor Brethren, 
 six sisters & 12 poor scholars, six other Junior Fellows and six assistants, being the 
 2 churchwardens of the parishes of S' Buttolph Bpsgate S' Saviour Southwark, & S' 
 Giles Cripplegate, to both wch divers allotments were made out of the revenue before 
 settled upon y' said College, contrary both to your charter of Incorporation & Deed 
 of Uses. 
 
 And whereas the number of Six Assistants was establish'd by him upon the sup- 
 position of Six Junior Fellows, to be added to the old foundation, w"" having never 
 been admitted, the Assistants instead of being only halfe in number as y' founder 
 intended became equall to the whole College, and upon all elections of a warden or 
 master, are alone able to impose whom they shall think fit upon the said College, 
 agst the united votes of aU the Members of it, a thing contrary to reason and what"y' 
 founder as it appears by his setting at the same time six other fellows, never 
 Intended. 
 
 Yet nevertheless out of a due regard to what He had done & to preserve the 
 balance between the College & Assistants, as it was establish'd by Him, We did among 
 other of our Injunctions declare. That we were content to allow & did as far as in us 
 lay,_ allow, that three Assistants being the upper Churchwardens of the said three 
 parishes, might continue to act as Assistants with the usuall allowances in proportion 
 to be made to y"" out of y' revenues with w"" we hoped y'^ would, as in reason they 
 ought to, have been content : But the said Churchwardens, instead of complying with 
 this our Injunction continue to insist upon their full number to be admitted to act as 
 Assistants in the affairs of y' said College, and, as we are informed have resolved in 
 case of a refusal, to use aU possible means to compeU you by suits of law to admit v™ 
 to Act in such a number & manner as they have heretofore done : ' 
 
 We, out of our tender regard to the peace and welfare of your collecre and bein<T 
 
1727-] CASE FOR SERJEANT LUTWYCHE. 239 
 
 not willing to engage you in the trouble & charge of law, for the support of our said 
 Injunction, w""" may bring upon you a burden greater than you can conveniently bear, 
 have thougtit fit to leave you at liberty and notwithstanding any thing contain'd in 
 our said Injunction, We do hereby leave you at liberty if you shall think it most for 
 the benefit of your Societie to admit the whole number of assistants to discharge the 
 Trusts committed to them by your Statutes, as they have heretofore been wont to do 
 & to receive the usual allowances for the same. Tho we are still of Opinion that y'' 
 founder never intended their number should be so great as in all cases, to equal & in 
 some to overbalance y' whole Foundation ; Nor had He, as we conceive any power to 
 appoint any Allowances to be made to y", any more y" to his Junior Fellows out of 
 the Eevenues before settled upon y' coUege, and that therefore w* is paid to them in 
 pursuance of any such appointment is done in manifest diminution of the just rights 
 & interests of y° same. 
 
 Given under our Hand & seal the 8'" day of February in the year of our 
 Lord 1726/7. 
 
 The College was by no means disposed to adopt the suggestion of the 
 Archbishop, so Mr. Hume prepared the following case for the opinion of 
 Serjeant Lutwyche, which was received on the 8th April 1727. 
 
 After reciting the Foundation of the College from the Letters Patent, the 
 case goes on to state that some of the powers given to the churchwardens 
 by the statutes are as follows : — 
 
 That being sworn in, they shall assist the M"" Warden & ten Fellows in the Govern- 
 ment of the College. 
 
 That they shall have a voice in the Election of a M"" or Warden Upon w*" occasion 
 (as matters stand at present) they outnumber the Society being Six to Five. 
 
 That they shall have a Decisive voice in all matters concerning the College & the 
 members and Eevenues y'of and that no Lease shall be let but when they are present 
 to give their voices. 
 
 The six additional Fellows the Visitor either laid aside or never admitted, as being 
 illegal & contrary to the charter of Incorporation and Deed of Uses: But the 6 
 Church Wardens and 30 Out Members he thought fit to retain, till his present 
 Grace of Canterbury judg'd it necessary to retrench the Number of the Church- 
 wardens for preserving the Ballance intended by the Founder. The Injunction is 
 in hsec verba. 
 
 " It appearing highly probable to Us That the Founder in appointing six Church 
 " Wardens by y" name of Assistants who might be a check upon the Society in the 
 " Management of the Eevenue, might moderate in all their DiHerences & take care of 
 '' the interest of the poor of their respective parishes, to have certain allotments out of 
 " the College Eevenues, intended the number of y' s* assistants to be in proportion to 
 " the Society as Six to Twelve (He having at the same time appointed a M' Warden & 
 " 12 Fellows) But whereas it is very clear that the Founder never had any power or 
 " Authority in Law to appoint any such assistants at all, nor to enlarge the number of 
 " his Fellows beyond Four, so that what was done by him in that respect is indeed 
 " contrary both to the Charter of Incorporation & Deed of Uses, Nevertheless out of a 
 " due regard to what was done by him & at the same time to prevent the many ill 
 " consequences that may justly be apprehended I'rom the assistants outnumbering 
 
240 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 " the Society w'' consists only of a M' Warden & 4 Fellows & for preserving the 
 " Ballance intended by the Founder, "We are content to allow & do hereby allow, as 
 " far as in us lies, that the three Churchwardens, w"" shall be the upper Church- 
 " wardens of the three parishes out of w"" they have hitherto Been taken, may continue 
 " to act as assistants & have the usual allowances, in proportion, out of the Revenues 
 " of y* College." 
 
 As to the 30 Out Members it appears by the CoUege Books that from the 
 Founder's Death (1626) to the year 1669, they were not paid their pensions except 10 
 of them for the first two or three years. 
 
 The Founder adds by way of appendix or Codicill to his Statutes, that having im- 
 pos'd a great Burden upon the Corporation, he ordains & confirms unto the s^ Corpora- 
 tion his two Leases, the one of y' Unicorn Inn in the Borough, & the other of certain 
 Capital Messuages or Tenements call'd the Bell, the Barge & the Cock on the 
 Bank Side in the parish of S' Saviour's Southwark, for the good of the CoUege, 
 & for y* relief of y' poor. Which two Leases have long since expir'd & were never 
 renewed : or rather never came into our possession for they are not mentioned in our 
 Books. 
 
 Quer. 1°. Whether the Founder had power to add to the number of Membei's 
 limited by the Charter of Incorporation. 
 
 2°. Whether the powers granted by the statutes to the Six churchwardens, and tlie 
 salary appointed them out of the revenue, both by way of Dividend and otherwise, do 
 not really, & in effect constitute them members of the Coi-poration, whatever name 
 they are call'd by ? For what could they have done more if they had been nam'd 
 in the Letters Patent? And whether these powers, or some of them are not so 
 inseparable from the Corporation that none can enjoy them but those who are mem- 
 bers of it ? 
 
 3°. Whether the Founder's making certain allotments to the Six additional Fellows, 
 the Six Ch. wardens & the 30 Out Members out of the Estate he had before deviz'd 
 to & settled upon the M' Warden & 4 FeUows 6 poor Brethren, 6 poor Sisters & 12 
 poor Scholars was not a new Disposition of his Estate, & consequently out of his 
 power & contrary to Law ? 
 
 4". The Founder liaving given only two Leases to the College to enable them to 
 bear the great charges he had impos'd upon them, whether they ought not in Equity 
 to be eas'd of the Burden, since by the Expiration of the Leases they are deprived of 
 the only lawful means appointed by the Founder to Support it ? 
 
 5°. Whether, upon the whole. The six churchwardens and 30 out members ou^ht 
 not to be set aside as well as the six additional Fellows ? Or at least whether the 
 Number of the Assistants ough.t not in Equity to be reduc'd to three according to his 
 Grace the Visitors Injunction ? 
 
 The Opinion of Councillor Lutwyche. 
 
 To the 1". I am of opinion the Founder had not a power to add to the number of 
 Members liniited by the Charter of Incorporation ; the Quality and number of w"" the 
 Corporation is to consist being particularized by the Charter. 
 
 To the 2*. I think the Powers given to the Churchwardens by the Statutes are in 
 effect constituting them Members : And they give them larger powers than any ot'her 
 of the Members, they having thereby a Decisive voice in all matters concernincr the 
 College which is giving a perfect superiority over them & a greater power than "even 
 the Visitor. And as to the choice of a M' & other members, "it does not appear by the 
 
17^7-] ANSWER TO THE CHURCHWARDENS' BILL. 241 
 
 state of tlie Case bow elections are to be & by wbom, but I think it ought to be 
 according to the letters patent, if they have determined the Method, but the Statutes 
 might go so far as to make the Ch. Wardens checks upon the College & to inspect 
 their Management of the Lands & Eevenues, & to allow something reasonable upon 
 that account, but further than that I think it should not go, the profits of the Estate 
 being expressly appropriated to the Maintenance of the particular Members of y' 
 College. 
 
 To the 3^ I think this was a new Disposition of the Estate not warranted by the 
 Letter's Patent & former settlement made by M"" AUeyn, whereby the same was put 
 out of his power. 
 
 To the 4'". This might be a material circumstance if it could be shewn when these 
 Leases expired, but if it do not appear the Corporation ever had them, the Argument 
 will not be very strong on that account, because they have submitted to it when (for 
 any thing that appears) they never did enjoy the Leases. 
 
 To the 5'". I think they should be made use of only as checks for the better 
 management of the Eevenue of the College ; and if they are to be continued, I think 
 it is reasonable to be confined to the number of three : as the A.B''. has allowed, & to 
 have a reasonable allowance only in respect of the Trouble they have, & the good 
 they do for the benefit of the Corporation. 
 
 Tho'. Lutwyche 
 
 8 Apr. 1727. 
 
 The opinion of Serjeant Lutvsryche being thus entirely in their favour, 
 the College resolved to fight the matter out. The churchwardens then 
 presented their bill in Chancery, the purport of which is sufficiently 
 indicated in the following copy of Mr. Hume's minutes for the answer of 
 the College : — 
 
 Minutes of an Answer to the Ch. Warden's Bill drawn up by me at y° request of the 
 M''. Ward". &c. & to be put in Form by our Solicitor. 
 
 The Answer of the M'. Warden, Fellows &c of Dulwich College to an Information 
 or Bill exhibited against y™ in the High Court of Chancery by S' Philip York his 
 Majesty's Attorney General by and at the Eelation of the Ch. W" of S' Buttolps &c 
 Humbly Sheweth 
 
 That these Defendants do allow that K. James 1"" charter of Incorporation, the 
 deed of Foundations and Indenture of Uses are truly recited in the s* Information or 
 BiU but be" leave to add That the Founder of the said College being impowr'd by the 
 K's 'Letters Patent to make such statutes only as should not be repugnant to the Eoyal 
 Prerogative nor contrary to the Laws of the Land, by w* the s* College should be 
 (Tovern'd and visited, did nevertheless, about 7 years after the Foundation of the 
 CoUec^e add to the Corporation, or superinduce by his 2* Statute Six Fellows, Six 
 churchwardens by the name of assistants, and thirty Out Members, making certain 
 AUotments to each of them out of the Eevenue w** he had before, by passmg a Fine 
 and Eecovery Devis'd to & settl'd upon the then M'. Ward" & Four Fellows, six poor 
 Brethren six poor sisters, & twelve poor Scholars & therr successors for ever, & so to 
 no other use intent, or purpose whatsoever, without reserving to himseK any power of 
 revokiiK^ or altering the same. These Defendants therefore bemg advis'd by Council 
 VOL. I. ^ ^ 
 
1727.] ANSWER TO THE CHURCHWARDENS' BILL. 241 
 
 state of the Case how elections are to be & by whom, but I think it ought to be 
 according to the letters patent, if they have determined the Method, but the Statutes 
 might go so far as to make the Ch. Wardens checks upon the College & to inspect 
 their Management of the Lands & Eeveuues, & to allow something reasonable upon 
 that account, but further than that I think it should not go, the profits of the Estate 
 being expressly appropriated to the Maintenance of the particular Members of y° 
 College. 
 
 To the 3*. I think this was a new Disposition of the Estate not warranted by the 
 Letter's Patent & former settlement made by M' Alleyn, whereby the same was put 
 out of his power. 
 
 To the 4". This might be a material circumstance if it could be shewn when these 
 Leases expired, but if it do not appear the Corporation ever had them, the Argument 
 will not be very strong on that account, because they have submitted to it when (for 
 any thing that appears) they never did enjoy the Leases. 
 
 To the 5'\ I think they should be made use of only as checks for the better 
 management of the Eevenue of the College ; and if they are to be continued, I think 
 it is reasonable to be confined to the number of three : as the A.BP. has allowed, & to 
 have a reasonable allowance only in respect of the Trouble they have, & the good 
 they do for the benefit of the Corporation. 
 
 Tho'. Lutwyche 
 
 8 Apr. 1727. 
 
 The opinion of Serjeant Lutwyche being thus entirely in their favour, 
 the College resolved to fight the matter out. The churchwardens then 
 presented their bill in Chancery, the purport of which is sufficiently 
 indicated in the following copy of Mr. Hume's minutes for the answer of 
 the College : — 
 
 Minutes of an Answer to the Ch. Warden's Bill drawn up by me at y° request of the 
 M'. Ward". &c. & to be put in Eorm by our Solicitor. 
 
 The Answer of the M'. Warden, Fellows &c of Dulwich College to an Information 
 or Bill exhibited against y™ in the High Court of Chancery by S"" Philip York his 
 Majesty's Attorney General by and at the Eelation of the Ch. W" of S' Buttolps &c 
 Humbly Sheweth 
 
 That these Defendants do allow that K. James 1"" charter of Incorporation, the 
 deed of Foundations and Indenture of Uses are truly recited in the s* Information or 
 BUI, but beg leave to add That the Founder of the said College being impowr'd by the 
 K's Letters Patent to make such statutes only as should not be repugnant to the Eoyal 
 Prerogative, nor contrary to the Laws of the Land, by w"'' the s* College should be 
 govern'd and visited, did nevertheless, about 7 years after the Foundation of the 
 College add to the Corporation, or superinduce by his 2^ Statute Six Fellows, Six 
 churchwardens by the name of assistants, and thirty Out Members, making certain 
 Allotments to each of them out of the Eevenue w"* he had before, by passing a Fine 
 and Eecovery Devis'd to & settl'd upon the then M'. Ward" & Four Fellows,°six poor 
 Brethren, six poor sisters, & twelve poor Scholars & their successors for ever, & so to 
 no other use, intent, or purpose whatsoever, without reserving to himself any power of 
 revoking or altering the same. These Defendants therefore being advis'd by Council 
 
 VOL. I. 2 H 
 
I727-] ANSWER TO THE CHURCHWARDENS' BILL. 243 
 
 a stop should be put to the growing evil. It were endless to enumerate all the 
 particulars tliat might he here alledg'd. The Defendants therefore will confine them- 
 selves to two or three which are recent & still fresh in Memory. 
 
 At the March Audit 1718 one M' Hunter having a lease from the College at 22" 
 p. aun, got it renewed at the same Rent, The then Warden (now M'') could not by his 
 best endeavours get him advanced so much as 5\ Tho the Lease is worth 60" pr. ann. 
 
 At the Audit in March 1720, one Howard having a Lease almost expired of 13 
 Houses near Bishopsgate which he lett at 121" p. ann. got it renewed for 60" p. ann 
 for 21 years, tho' the then warden declar'd at the Board, that by the Direction of the 
 Society he had written to y" said Howard, that he must not expect to have it under 
 70". 
 
 At the same Audit one Swain whose House went at 9" a year got his Lease 
 renewed for 21 years for 6" p. ann., tho' the same AVarden publicldy declar'd, that he 
 had three several Tenents who were willing to give 8" p. ann. ; and if they should 
 question the abilities of the Tenants by him propos'd, he offered to be security for the 
 Eent : Yet it was voted that Swain should have it at 6" p. ann., tho' the College had 
 just repair'd it. 
 
 At the same time another house (the Bell) was Lett to the same disadvantage, tho' 
 40" had been laid out in Eepairs. 
 
 In the year 1721, The Ch. Wardens as the Def" are credibly informed conspired to 
 impose a Warden upon the coll: against their consent: And had not one of their 
 number refus'd to join in thes* combination, it had been actually done, for the Election 
 was carried for the Coll: by his single voice. 
 
 A yearly dividend is one of the most essential parts of the Constitution of the CoU: 
 a great encouragem' to good husbandry, and the Interest of the poor thereby wisely 
 interwoven w'" that of the M' Ward" & Fellows. The Ch. W°' one special part of 
 whose Trust is to take care that every Member have his true and right Dividend have 
 not only neglected the Improving of the Estate, but all along suffer'd the publick 
 money out of which these dividends should arise to be spent in unreasonable House- 
 keepin<T, and sign'd the accounts w'^out the least objection or Demur, til of late years a 
 Dividend was restor'd w"" much ado, at y" instance of some of the Members of the CoU:. 
 If it is objected that the hands of the Society are to these ace" as well as theirs. It is 
 answered that the case of the Def" was very different from their's in this respect. The 
 same AB?. who confirm'd the church wardens in the year 1664, oblig'd the Fellows to 
 si"n v° Books without reserve, threatening to Expell the then Schoolmaster for 
 refusin<T to Sign Accounts which he thought unjust, and contrary to the Deed of Uses : 
 So that^it has^alway been usual among them, for Dissentients to sign when they saw 
 y^selves concluded by the Majority. But the Ch. W" were under no such constraint, 
 & therefore wherever we find all their names we must suppose they unanimously 
 
 The Revenues have been improv'd since the Foundation but 2 or 300" pr. ann. 
 which falls vastly short of the Improvements that have been made in that time by all 
 the neighbours It cannot be imagined that the Society could be so void of common 
 sense as well as regardless of their Duty & interest as not to be willing that that 
 Fund should be improv'd by which alone their condition could be better'd. This 
 therefore can be imputed to nothing but the supiness or evil Disposition of the Ch. 
 Wardens who have always been a dead weight upon the Corporation, & by their 
 number made the worse the major part. The sounder part of the Society have no 
 chance for succeeding in their Endeavours for the PubUck good, when the Assistants 
 
244 
 
 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 fall in (as tliey commonly do) with the weight of their whole posse with the opposite 
 side. The scale they put themselves into must needs preponderate. 
 
 The Def ■ having as they apprehend, fully answered that part of the Information 
 or Bill which concerns the Ch. W"' authorities or powers, & likewise given the reasons 
 why half their number is excluded from being Assistants to the Coll: & acting in these 
 powers, they pray this honourable C that they may not be put to an infinite trouble 
 and expence in proving what no body denies & obliged to set out in hsec verba all the 
 Eules, Orders, Constitutions & statutes of the Corporation relating to or concerning all 
 or any of the matters charg'd & interrogated in the Bill, & also all the Entries or 
 Memorandums in the Books, papers or Writings of the Coll, whereby it appears, or 
 any notice is taken of the Ch. Ward"' acting in the Execution of their powers : this 
 were, in a manner to transcribe several volumes in folio ; which are overrun with the 
 Church Wardens and- their Concerns. They who go to Law at y' charge of their 
 Parishes require this of the Coll (as one would be tempted to think) on purpose ta 
 intimidate & frighten them, or to punish their presumption in calling their pretended 
 Eights into question. The Def" are ready & willing to prove their Books & produce 
 them in open Court, for the Plaintiffs to make what advantage of them they can, & 
 humbly hope this will be thought sufficient. 
 
 The remaining articles of the Bill concern certain abuses pretended to have crept 
 into the College : The putting out the Boys to trades : the Application of the Eevenue 
 and the late Visitation. 
 
 As to the first of these the Def" say, That no Abuses have crept in by reason of 
 the Churchwarden's absence. On the contrary, the College was never in a more 
 flourishing condition than it is at present. The Buildings being old and infirm, the 
 College is always at a great charge to keep them in repair ; but these two last years 
 they have not only expended considerable sums in building, but have laid by 80" 
 towards rebuilding one side of the Quadrangle ; and what Leases have been Lett within 
 that time have been lett to better advantage than they have usually been when the 
 Church W^ were present. 
 
 And whereas id is charged that sufficient care has not been taken in putting out 
 the poor Scholars apprentices. These Def" say. That the Boys are put out to such 
 good & sweet mechanical Trades & occupations as they have ever been since the 
 Poundation : And the present Society give more money with them than ever was given 
 by their predecessors, one or two single instances excepted ; and if at any time they 
 have not had so good Masters as the Def" could wish, that this cannot be imputed to 
 their want of due care, but to the negligence of the Ch: Ward°^ to whom that part was 
 always recommended by the College, they being Tradesmen themselves & so fittest to 
 find out proper Masters for the Boys. 
 
 As to the pretended misapplication of the Eevenue These Def" say. That in all the 
 main and essential branches of it nothing is applyed contrary to, or inconsistently 
 with, the legal settlement of the College, except the appointments made to the Ch. W°» 
 & their poor ; viz the 30 out members. 
 
 The Pounder himself observes in his Appendix to the Statutes That in makin" of 
 Laws human reason cannot foresee all things, & that some useful and fit things may 
 be omitted, & others which at first may seem reasonable & profitable may in the use 
 & practice prove discommodious, & not so fitting to be observed. Archbishop Sheldon 
 taking into consideration the then state of the College ; & making use of his Visitorial 
 authority of explaining such of the Statutes as were obscure & supplying their defects 
 did decree That the M' Ward" & Fellow's Diet should be increas'd from 10 to 15" pr ann- 
 
1 727-] ANSWER TO THE CHURCHWARDENS' BILL. 245 
 
 a piece. That the poor Scholars & Servants allowance, w"'" was but 'i^'- pr diem a 
 
 piece by the Statutes, should be made 6*^ a piece p diem. That the 12 poor Scholars 
 
 apparel should be advanced from 20 to 30" a year, & the Servants Wages & Liveries 
 
 from 27 to 56" a year. His Grace the present Visitor, out of his paternal care of the 
 
 College, & tender regard to its well being & prosperity, did, at the late Visitation 
 
 make several excellent Orders concerning the School, and the publick service of God, 
 
 & for maintaining Oeconomy & good Order in the College, and observing that the 
 
 yearly income of the Coll: was increas'd near 300", and that chiefly by the care & 
 
 good managem' of the present M' Ward" & Fellows, thought fit to make some small 
 
 addition to the stated allowance of all the Members, as he saw it most wanted. To 
 
 the Mast' & "Warden he confirmed the Right of keeping each a Horse. To the poor 
 
 Scholars who shall be put to trades he allow'd 5" at the end of their apprentiship to 
 
 set up with, provided they should bring proper certificates from their Masters of their 
 
 honesty & diligence. A small sum to be laid out annually in Books for the Library, 
 
 & Fewel & Physic for the poor old Pensioners: for all w"*" there was no provision made 
 
 in the Statutes. His Grace likewise considering the meanness of the Fellowships, & 
 
 the greatness of the Duty, thought fit to advance their Salaries a little viz The 
 
 Preacher's & Sclioolmaster's from 12 to 20" p ann. The usher's to 16 & the Organist's 
 
 to 14. Upon this express condition That a catechetical Lecture should be preached 
 
 every Sunday in y° afternoon in y' summer \ year for the benefit of Servants and 
 
 the more ignorant sort of people, the servants of the College catechised, and the poor 
 
 Inhabitants children in Dulwich taught Eeading, Writing and vulgar arithmetick, & 
 
 brought up with the College boys to assist in the choir. And his Grace being 
 
 imwilling to break in upon the Statutes made all these appointments out of the 
 
 Salaries & maintenance appointed by the Founder to the Additional abrogated Fellows 
 
 or Chaunters. These things the Kespond" humbly conceive are not contrary to the 
 
 statutes since every one has his statutable allowance, & something more out of an 
 
 appropriated Fund ; and since the Church W"" have all along allow'd the additions of 
 
 A.BP Sheldon, they cannot with a good Grace object against the reasonable, just & 
 
 equitable Decrees of the present Visitor. 
 
 These Eespond** further say. That his Grace the AB' of Canterbury is Visitor of 
 the College & all its members. If the Church- W°' can prove themselves Members of 
 the Corporation, they had a sufficient Summons, a general citation having been fixt 
 up upon the Chapel door as is usual in such cases.* If they are not Members of the 
 Society but a sort of Antivisitors, they are not subject to the A.B^' Jurisdiction & 
 consequently could not be cited to appear. The Visitation having continued about 
 15 months, the C\ W°' could not plead ignorance, but might have made their appli- 
 cation to 'the Visitor or his Commissary all that wliile, if they had thought fit, 
 especially seeing they attended at two several audits in the Coll: during that interval 
 The Eespd" did indeed refuse admission to all the six after the visitation M'as over, 
 but declar'd y^selves willing to receive three of them according to the Injunction of 
 their visitor, whom they think themselves bound in duty to obey. 
 
 These Eesp*" say further that they know of no Corruption or abuse crept into the 
 managem' & applicon of the Eevenue, besides that great & intolerable one of the 
 Ch. W°' and their 30 Out Members Pensions, w'='' is a flat contradiction to the legal 
 settlement & Foundation of y* Coll: & therefore they cannot but hope from the justice 
 of this Honb" Court, not only to be acquitted from all the charges and Complaints 
 brouc^ht ags' them in this Bill, but also to be eas'd of the Burden of these illegal 
 * The actual document is still preserved in the College. 
 
246 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 Pensions for tlie future, especially seeing charity cannot be pretended in this case. 
 To take it from us & give it to them is to rob Peter to pay Paul. To the Parishes 
 indeed it is a benefit but none to the Poor whom they are bound to maintain, and if 
 it shall not seem good to the wisd"" of this Honb" Court to cut off the Church-w"' as 
 wens & unnatural excrescences upon this little Body Politick, These Eesp^" humbly 
 pray they may be at least reduc'd to the proportion manifestly intended by the 
 Pounder according to his Grace the Visitor's late Injunction, that it may not be in 
 their power any more to do us any considerable harm. 
 
 On receiving this, the churchwardens seem to have amended their 
 bill, and made the Archbishop a party to the suit, which course elicited the 
 following letter from Mr. Hume to his secretary : — 
 
 To D'' Chichely Secretary to his Grace. 
 
 May 25 1727. 
 Sir 
 
 I procur'd and send you herewith the Close Copy of our answer to the Church- 
 wardens Bill corrected & settl'd by the Council, upon perusing of w'^'' you will please 
 to observe the Vanity of the Plaintiff's Pretence, That new matter arising in our 
 answer, they are obliged to alter their measures & make his Grace a Party to the 
 Bill ; for there is nothing in the answer but what their own Interrogatories and 
 allegations direetlj'^ lead to. And what they artificially pretend they are now com- 
 pelled to do by some suggestions in our answer I verily believe they intended from 
 the beginning. The other day we were inform'd, but imperfectly. That the Ch. 
 Wardens are desirous to submit the matter to Arbitration, upon which I shall only 
 observe That the Founder thought the Interest of the College safest in the hands of 
 the Courts of Justice, and therefore ordered (Stat. 30) That the Mast' shall prosecute 
 & defend all Law Suits, but end or compromise none without a Judicial & legal trial 
 or Sentence. If the Cause is not brought to a fair & full hearing we shall lose the 
 advantage of urging several very material things viva voce by our Council, which 
 were thought not so proper to he put into the Answer. The Ch. Wardens, perhaps, 
 begin to have some misgivings concerning the event, & think this the properest course 
 for them to take ; but it seems not to be for the Interest of the College, & yet it would 
 be no difficult matter for y™ to persuade a majority of Us, where votes are numbred & 
 not weighed to consent to it. But our whole dependence under God, is upon his 
 Grace, who has always been our good Patron & Benefactor, that he will still continue 
 1o do us good, ev'n tho' it should be against our wHl, & not suffer any measures to be 
 taken contrary to the Interest of this little Body which is under his Protection & care. 
 For if he shall leave us to our selves, I'm afraid the Majority will be Felo's de se, & 
 lose the only opportunity we are ever likely to have of recovering both our Freedom 
 & o' money. If there is any Law in England, or any Lawyers that understand it, the 
 College must recover the Pensions annually paid to the three Parishes, which amounts 
 to 60 or 70" pr. ann. (a sum well worth the contending for). But if the Ch W°' shall 
 be able by any means to procure the readmission of their whole number before our 
 Eight is declared in this Point they will be strong enough by the help of but one of 
 our Brethren (w''' they are pretty sure of) to vote the continuance of these Pensions, 
 & the payment of a considerable sum that is now in arrear ; and so the laudable 
 attempt to reform these abuses will but confirm them the more, & the latter end prove 
 worse than the beginning. These Eeflections I submit to yo"" better judgem^it & 
 
1728.] DECREE ON THE CHURCHWARDENS' BILL. 247 
 
 leave it to you to consider whether it may not be convenient to communicate them to 
 liis Grace, whom God long preserve ; I pray you to excuse this trouble, & to beleive 
 that I am with great respect 
 
 S' Yo" &c J. Hume. 
 
 The following minute in Archbishop Wake's own hand in the Lambeth 
 MSS. vol. 1118, seems to have served as the basis of his answer to the 
 bni:— 
 
 That in my Visitation of DuUige CoU. divers complaints were made of the pro- 
 ceedings of the Churchwardens in the exercise of the power, committed to y™ of 
 Assistants &c. 
 
 That it appears by the whole course of the statute made by M' Alleyn the 
 founder that he never intended the Assistants should outnumber the fellows of his 
 College. That on the contrary, whenever they are mentioned the Jun'. fellows are 
 always mentioned as part of his Societie, & supposed by Him to act with his first fellows 
 & thereby make double the number of the Assistants. 
 
 That these Jun'. Fellows having never been admitted the proportion of Assistants 
 became contrary to his Intention in some considerable cases (as in the election of a 
 warden, & by consequence of the Master) superior to that of the whole Corporation. 
 
 To reduce the proportion to the founder's Intention, not to exclude the assistants 
 for many powers granted to y™ by the statutes, that Injunction was made, w"" is now 
 in question and is humbly submitted to the judgm' of the court. 
 
 That observing the stiffnesse of the Chwardens & being informed that they would 
 go to Law w'" the Coll. upon a public stock to be raised by their parishes for that end, 
 the Visitor who had nothing but y° public good of the College in his view, was 
 desirous to prevent such a destructive law suit, and thereupon chose rather to waive 
 his Injunction, than to leave the college under any thing that might seem to put a 
 necessity upon y™ to enter into it. 
 
 To tliis purpose, He sent y" the following relaxation of that Injunction under his 
 episcopal seal upon those occasions, some time before the first BiU was prefered in 
 Chancery ag' them so that the M' & Fellows were under no manner of Obligation from 
 that Injunction to enter into any controversy w'" y* assistants, However they may 
 seem otherwise to represent in their Answer & not take any notice of this second 
 Instrument sent to them. 
 
 That the Visitor is still content that his Injunctions should be layd aside rather 
 than a chargeable law suit be carried on upon that pretence. But if the college think 
 fit voluntarily to try this matter w"" the Churchwardens He conceives he is not 
 obli£;ed to Hinder them from so doing. 
 
 AH he desires is that he may not be made a partie to it, but having voluntarily 
 set the College at liberty from his Injunction (w°'' does not deny the Assistants any 
 ri"ht given y*"* as such by the Statutes of M' Alleyn, but only restrains the number to 
 y*' proportion settled by him & now exceeded, by the want of the Junior Fellows at 
 the same time appointed in the same statutes) may be dismissed w'" costs for w' 
 charo-e he has been put unto without any occasion on his part given for it. 
 
 The case came on for trial on the 4th April 1728 before Lord Chancellor 
 Kinw. Copies of the official report and judgment are still extant at the 
 College and in the Lambeth Library. 
 
248 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 The judgment was conveyed in the following words : — 
 
 WTiereupon and upon debate of the matter and reading the Letters Patent of the 
 21" of June 17'" Jacobi Primi a Deed dated the 13'" of September 17'" Jacobi Primi 
 A Deed dated the 24'" of Aprill 18° Jacobi primi and the Book of Ordinances of the 
 29'" of September 1626 A Letter of the 27'" of Feb 1635 and the Answer of the 
 Archbpp of Canterbury and hearing -what was alledged on either side His Lordship 
 declared that the said Edward Alleyne the Founder of the said Colledge could not by 
 his said Ordinances and Statutes of the 29'" of September 1626 add any persons to 
 the Corporation or make any new Person a member of the said Body Corporate but 
 that he could appoint Assistants to the said Corporation and doth Therefore Order 
 and Decree that the Eelators and their Successors be admitted to be Assistants to the 
 Corporation according to the said Ordinances and Statutes and are to be quieted in the 
 Possion thereof. But this is to be without prejudice to the Deft the Archbpp of 
 Canterbury his right of Visitation or of any Applicacon to be made to him to correct 
 alter or amend any of the said Ordinances or to any Correction Alteration or Amend- 
 ment that the said Archbpp or his successors shall or may lawfully make or Ordain 
 and the Costs of all Partys in this suit are to be paid out of the Estate of the said 
 Colledge to be taxed by M' Holford one of the Ma'" of this court. 
 
 Mr. "Whishaw, who was the solicitor for the College, enclosed this 
 judgment in the following note : — 
 
 6 April 1728 
 Gentlemen. I here send you a copy of y« Eegistrar's minutes. I hope you are 
 effectually got rid of y' 30 out Pensioners tho' wee seem to be sadled with y° Church- 
 wardens. 
 
 I am Gent" 
 
 Yo' most faithful! humble Serv' 
 
 J. Whishaw. 
 
 Mr. Whishaw was right as to the churchwardens, who remained 
 assistants until the dissolution of the College, but, as will be seen hereafter, 
 the question of the rights of the thirty out-members was by no means 
 effectually settled. 
 
1728.] [ 249 ] 
 
 CHAPTER IX. 
 
 THE COLLEGE BETWEEN 1728-1746. 
 
 The cliurcliwardens, now reinstated by the Court of Chancery in their 
 position as ex officio governors, considered other parts of the Injunctions 
 open to legal question, and on the 13th June 1728 they attended at the 
 College and made the following protest against the increase of the Fellows' 
 salaries ordered by the 12th Article: — 
 
 Wee the Underwritten being two of the Churchwardens of y° Parish of S' 
 Buttolph's without Bishopsgate London two of the Churchwardens of S* Saviour in 
 Southwark in the county of Surry and two of the Churchwardens of that part of 
 S' Giles Cripplegate which is in the County of Middx being Informed that his Grace 
 the Archbishop of Canterbury having at a late Visitation of your Colledge made 
 severall orders and Injunctions & amongst others that the sallarys of the Preacher 
 Schoolmaster Usher & Organist should be encreased y° severall sums folR viz' The 
 Preacher eight pounds the Schoolmaster eight pounds the Usher six pounds and the 
 Organist four pounds which Increase of Sallarys Wee apprehend was obtained by 
 some false Eepresentation of the Fact to his Grace the Archbishop. For that Wee 
 the said Churchwardens are advised that after the payment of the severall Pencons 
 Sallarys and allowances by the Founders Ordinances appointed, the Eemainder or 
 Surplus of the Eevenues of the said CoUedge is expressly directed to be divided in 
 such portions parts and shares and to such persons as by the said Founders Ordinances 
 are particularly mentioned and appointed Whereby if the said severaU encreased 
 Sallarys should be paid All the Persons Interested in the said surplus or Eemainder 
 as well the Master and Warden as the six poor men six poor Women and twelve poor 
 Scholars would be deprived of their part and share of the said surplus to which Wee 
 apprehend they are undoubtedly Intitled by the Founders Ordinances. And Wee the 
 said Churchwardens having determined to present our humble Petition to his Grace 
 the Archbishop to review his said Orders and Injunctions and to pray his Grace to 
 revoke the said Order for Increase of Sallarys for the reason aforesaid And also 
 thinkinc it our Duty to prevent as much as in us lyes the application of the Eevenues 
 of the said Colledge to other uses than the Founder intended : Do therefore hereby 
 Desire that the payment of the said increased SaUaiys may be suspended untill his 
 Grace the Archbishop's pleasure in the premises may be known. Dated y' 13" June 
 1728. W"* Holland 
 
 Edw Penton 
 Benj. Tueton 
 To the Master Warden & Fellows of Thos Inwen 
 
 y' CoUedge of Gods Gift in Dulwich John Whitehead 
 
 in the County of Surry. John Gilder 
 
 vol. X. 2 I 
 
2 50 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 The Warden, either feeling, or pretending to feel, that he was not safe 
 in paying these additional salaries, stopped them, upon which Mr. Hume 
 wrote the following letter to the Archbishop's secretary : — 
 
 To D'. Chichely Secretary to His Grace The Archbishop of Canterbury. 
 
 June 25. 1728. 
 S'. 
 
 Hearing that you are to take a Journey tomorrow & not to return for a considerable 
 time, the necessity of our affairs oblige us to give you the trouble of this address which 
 we hope you will therefor pardon. The Church "W°^ who are not empow'd by the 
 statutes to act as a distinct body, & have no manner of concern with us or our affairs, 
 but in conjunction with us upon the two Audit Days in March & Sept', nor then till 
 they have taken the usual oath, did notwithstanding, come to the Coll. on the 13"" 
 instant to demand the Pensions of their Poor, and entr'd a Protestation as they called 
 it not against A.Bp Sheldon's additions to the statutable allowances, nor those made 
 by his present Grace to the rest of the members, but, for reasons best known to them- 
 selves, singl'd out the Fellows (tho' all the additions that have been made both 
 formerly & lately are upon the same foot, being established by the same authority, 
 supported by the same reasons, & liable to the same seeming exceptions) and desir'd 
 that the Payment of our Pensions for the last Quarter should be suspended, tho' the 
 duty requir'd by the Injunction has been punctually perform'd. Upon this frivolous 
 and unjust ground the warden of the Coll. has taken upon him to stop our Pensions, 
 which we consider not only as an Injury to Us, but as an Insult upon his Grace's 
 Authority, whose Injunctions he is bound to obey & not to suspend the execution of 
 them for a moment upon any pretence whatsoever. We are not only willing but 
 desirous to submit the whole matter in Controversy to his Grace's Reexamination, & 
 doubt not, by the help of God, but we shall be able clearly to take off all their pre- 
 tended objections, & to satisfie all reasonable men of the Justice & equity of his Grace's 
 late Eegulations, & their entire conformity to the mind & Intention of the Founder : 
 But in the meantime we humbly hope his Grace will not suffer any of our Body at 
 least, to assume the boldness to act against the Injunctions he has given us so Ion" as 
 they subsist in force. His Grace's mind signified by a Letter from you would put'' an 
 end to this quarrel so far as it is domestick. If this can be obtained by your "ood 
 offices it wiU highly oblige my Fellow Sufferers & him who is with great respect ^ 
 
 S' yo' &c Ja: Hume. 
 
 No immediate reply seems to have been received to this, but the church- 
 wardens followed up their protest by a petition to the Archbishop, the 
 original of which is in the Lambeth Palace Library. The document is a long 
 one, reciting the Letters Patent and all the deeds, etc., but the following 
 are the material parts (Lambeth MSS. vol 1118, No. 14) : 
 
 And the said Churchwardens further shew unto your Grace that at the visitation 
 of the said college in the year one thousand six hundred and sixty four by his Grace 
 the then Archbishop of Canterbury, the Eight of the said Thirty poor persons to be 
 pensioners to the s* College was then confirmed with the allowances as bv the 
 Founders statutes are Directed Upon w"" occasion His Grace then observed that the 
 said allowances had not for some time been paid but being fully satisfyed that the 
 
1728.] PETITION OF THE CHURCHWARDENS. 251 
 
 same were works of great Charity and publick Benefit and that it was the Founders 
 Intention they should be paid, His Grace ordered the s'^ allowances to be made and so 
 to continue for ever after and accordingly the s"^ Pensions and allowances have been 
 duly paid and made ever since untill the year one thousand seven hundred and 
 twenty four. 
 
 And the s^ Churchwardens further humbly acquaint your Grace that notwith- 
 standing the Ordinances made by the s"^ Edward AUeyne the Founder and confirmed 
 by your Grace's predecessors the Visitors as afores*^ and which have been constantly 
 observed by the said College untUl the year 1724 and weh the Master Warden & 
 Fellows upon their admission to the s* offices respectively solemnly swear to observe 
 & keep Yet the s* Master Warden & Fellows have taken upon them without the 
 consent of the s* churchwardens (who have always duly Tendred their service in the 
 affairs of the s* College) to Demise & lett Leases of the Lands and Tenements of the 
 s* College and have also without the like consent for the space of Four years last past 
 or thereabouts taken upon themselves to audit the accounts of the Warden & other 
 ofificers of the College and notwithstanding the plain Intention of the Founder & the 
 Usefullness of the Charity in the allowances made to the said Thirty poor persons as 
 aforesaid and notwithstanding the Eevenues of the s^ College are so considerably 
 Increased that the Eents of their Estate amount to about one thousand three hundred 
 pounds pr ann. whereby there remains a great surplus to be divided over besides the 
 Pensions and payments Directed by the Founder. Yet nevertheless the s* Master, 
 Warden and Fellows have for the space of four years last past Eefused to make and 
 stiU do refuse to make the said Allowances to the thirty poor persons. 
 
 And the said Churchwardens further humbly acquaint your Grace that notwith- 
 standing It is expressly provided by the s* Ordinances that after payment of the 
 several Pensions salaries and payments directed to be made out of the Eevenues of the 
 said College the Eemainder thereof is to be Divided into certain proportions wherein 
 the Master Warden Fellows & poor Brethren poor Sisters and poor Scholars are alike 
 Interested, Yet the four fellows have claimed and as the s* churchwardens are In- 
 formed have several times lately Eeced an Augmentacon of their several Salaries, viz*, 
 the Preacher Eight pounds the Schoolmaster Eight pounds the Usher Six pounds & 
 the Or<Tanist Four pounds which augmentation of salaries, the Churchwardens are 
 advised & humbly beleive are directly contrary to the Founders Intention & a diminu- 
 tion of the Eights as well of the Master & Warden as of all other the members of the 
 said College And the s^ Master Warden & Fellows to support the payment of the said 
 augmented Salaries pretend that at a late visitation, made of the said College before 
 your Grace's Comissioner the s* salaries were ordered to be augmented in manner 
 aforesaid. Whereas the s* Churchwardens humbly insist that if there hath been such 
 visitation the s'^ Churchwardens had no notice thereof nor had any opportunity of 
 laying before your Grace's comissioner their Eeasons against the augmentacons of the 
 s* salaries and have great Eeason to beleive the Master Warden & Fellows did not lay 
 before your Grace's Comissioner the ordinances of the Founder relating to the Distri- 
 bution of the surplus of the Eevenues of the said College. 
 
 And the said Churchwardens in great regard to the Intention of the Founder and 
 apprehending it to be their duty to acquaint your Grace with whatever Transactions 
 comes to their knowledge which tend to defeat the end or Intention of the Founder in 
 so o-ood & usefull a charity Begg leave to Eepresent to your Grace that they are 
 informed the present schoolmaster of the said College is not a Master of Arts of one of 
 the Universitys of Oxford or Cambridge as the Founders ordinances expressly require. 
 
252 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 Your petitioners therefore most humbly pray that your Grace would be pleased to 
 Order that the s* Master Warden and Fellows may lay before your Grace an account 
 of the several Leases Granted by them of the Lands and Tenements of the said College 
 without the consent of the said Churchwardens and that all the accounts of the s'' 
 Warden & other Inferior Officers of the said College may be laid before & audited by 
 the said Churchwardens. And that the said Pensions & allowances directed to be 
 made to the said Thirty poor persons and all arrears thereof may be duly made & paid. 
 And that your Grace would be likewise pleased to prohibit the payment of the said 
 increased Salaries and that the said Schoolmaster of the s^ College may make due proof 
 before your Grace of his being Qualifyed for the said ofSce by being a Master of Arts 
 of one of the Universitys of Oxford or Cambridge. And tliat your Grace would be 
 pleased to be Attended by your Petitioners or their Councel on the matter of this 
 Petition and to make such orders Decrees and Injunctions in the Premisses as 
 your Grace shall in your great wisdom think fit. 
 
 William Holland) , „« ^ ot t. ^i. , , 
 Edwaed Penton I ^^- ^ °^ S • Bnttoph's 
 Benjamin Tueton > , -. „ „, „ . 
 Thomas Inwen ; ''^' ^ • °^ S' Saviors 
 
 John Whitehead > , ^. cc>ir^■^ 
 JohnGildee |ch.w»-ofS'Giles. 
 
 The Arclibishop communicated this petition to the College, when the 
 following reply was draTvn up by Mr. Hume and presented '^ on the 16th 
 August 1728 : — 
 
 To the Most Eeverend Father in God, William Lord Archbishop of Canterbury 
 Primate of all England and Metropolitan ' 
 
 The answer of the M'. Warden, & Fellows of God's Gift College to the Eepre- 
 sentation of the Churchwardens of S' Buttolph's without Bishopsrrate°&c 
 Humbly sheweth 
 
 That the articles of Complaint exhibited to y' Grace by the s^ Church Wardens 
 against us, the said Eespondents, being Four viz : 
 
 1. That the Eespondents have granted Leases, and audited their accounts in their 
 absence. 
 
 2. That they have refused to pay the Pensions pretended to be due to the thirtv 
 out members of their Parishes. '' 
 
 3. That certain additional Pensions have been paid to the said Fellows accordin<T 
 to y' Grace's injunction » 
 
 & 4. That the Schoohn' is not Master of Arts of Oxford or Cambridge 
 The s* respondents beg leave to answer to each of these in their order" 
 As to the 1" viz: The Granting of Leases & Passing our Accounts in their ab^sPTinp • 
 The s^ M' W;arden and Fellows say, That the Complainants might wTeen present 
 at the Grantmg of these Leases, and auditing our accounts, if they would have •<nb 
 mitted to yo' Grace's most just & equitable Decree: and that after the suit was 
 commenced m ChanceI^^ thenr whole number could not be admitted, because it cotdd 
 not be known, lite pendente, whether they had any right. 'Tis true they have a le^al 
 Eight now to be present & to jom witliUs in auditing the Accounts f but thaf we 
 humbly conceive, gives them no Superiority over us. nor makes us in the lerst 
 
1728.] THE ANSWER OF THE COLLEGE. 253 
 
 accountable to them; nor must the College business be at a stand or postponed 
 whenever they think Jit to be absent. 
 
 By the L^ Chancellor's late Decree it is declared " That the Founder could not by 
 " his statutes add to the Persons of the Corporation, but might appoint Assistants, 
 " and order'd the Church Wardens to be admitted Assistants, according to the 
 " ordinances & statutes." This last Clause (according to the ordinances & statutes) 
 must, as we conceive, be necessarily understood in such a sense as may be consistent 
 with the two former by w""* they are declar'd not to be Members, and allowed only 
 as Assistants. If therefore the Statutes give the churchwardens any Powers & 
 Authorities w""" rebus sic stantibus, make them Members of the Society to all real 
 effects and Purposes, or which cannot belong to them as mere assistants, they ate not 
 by this decree entitl'd to any such Powers : But the Balance intended by the Founder 
 being destroy'd by the Eeduction of 0' number, & the continuing of theirs, the Power 
 of giving a decisive voice in all matters relating to the Governm' of the College, & the 
 salaries appointed them out of y° Revenue by way of Dividend or otherways, really 
 and in efi'ect makes them Members, whatever name they are call'd by : for what could 
 they have more had they been nam'd in the Letters Patent ? and if they may likewise 
 call us to an account for matters transacted in their Absence, they are more than 
 Members, ev'n o' Visitors & Governours, & consequently more than Assistants, 
 unless to Assist & to Controle & Over rule be synonymous Terms, & signifie the same 
 thing. Upon the strength of which Premisses we cannot help concluding That what- 
 ever Powers are given to the Ch. W°^ by the Statutes, they can have a Pdght to none 
 but such as may belong to Assistants as such i.e. To join with us in auditing the 
 Axcouiits, To have a deliberative Voice only, in matters concerning Governm': To 
 enquu'e, consult, deliberate, & adyise. To concur w"" the Society or Protest against 
 their Proceedings, and apply to the Visitor, if anything shall be carryed contrary to 
 the Statutes, Injunctions, or y° Publick Interest. 
 
 This seeming evident from the thing, & having been, as we are credibly inform'd, 
 the sense of the Court of Chancery, the Eespondents think not themselves accountable 
 to the Ch. W°°. but are ready to lay before yo' Grace, our only Visitor the Leases we 
 have granted, & the accounts we have pass'd, not only for these last four years when 
 the Ch. W^ were absent, but also for as many years backward as they please ; that 
 yo' Grace comparing what was transacted with the concurrence & approbation of 
 the Church Wardens with our late Managem' w'out y™, may be the better able to 
 judge of our Conduct. 
 
 As to the 2* Point concerning the Pensions pretended to be due to the Out 
 Members, the Eespondents deny that they ever had any Eight, or so much as posses- 
 sion till the year 1669, and consequently the AB^ could not confinn their Eight. Had 
 there been any thing of Eight in the Case, the Poor of these Parishes would have 
 had as good a title to the Arrears as to y° Pensions for the time to come ; but not one 
 Farthing of arrears was decreed them, or, for any thing that appears, so much as 
 claim'd : On the contrary, the Injunction which introduc'd them was not to take place 
 tni two years after, tho' the College was rich enough, having 300" in bank. The 
 Founder had settl'd his whole Estate upon the Corporation and we humbly insist, & 
 are advis'd. That as he could not add to the number of Members so it was not in his 
 power to alienate any part of what he had settl'd upon them : 'Tis true his Grace 
 A.BP. Sheldon did introduce the 30 Members upon a Motive, (not of Eight but) of 
 Charity, and the Society acquiesc'd save that one of the Fellows enter'd his Protesta- 
 tion against it, but he and two more who have done the same since, were so roughly 
 
254 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 handled for their Non-compliance that the rest were over-aw'd from using any further 
 endeavours to get themselves righted, & have consented to pay the money tho' with 
 great Eeluctance, till now that the whole Society have conceiv'd great hopes from your 
 Grace's Justice & Goodness to obtain Belief. 
 
 And the Eespondents farther say, that the Good of the College, w""" ought to be 
 the supreme law, is not at all serv'd but greatly obstructed by it : and however his 
 Grace might have been misinform'd then, it is so far from being a Deed of Charity 
 now, that it is not so much as just. It is to take from us who have an undoubted 
 Right, & to give it to them who have none, and to deprive TJs and our Poor of a 
 considerable sum every year to support theirs. That it is a Benefit to the Parishes is 
 certain, but it may be justly question'd whether it is any to the Poor whom they are 
 bound by the Law to maintain, & not rather an Injury, since there is reason to beleive, 
 that the Chance of being Admitted into y° CoUege where they wUl have a full & 
 comfortable maintenance, makes them sometimes willing to accept of a smaller 
 allowance from the Parish than otherways they might expect : But suppose it were, 
 materially & in itself, as charitable a thing as they would have it, yet we are sure that 
 God accepts not of Bobbery for Burnt offerings. 
 
 Under this Head the Complainants urge the Intention of the Founder, w""" they 
 may remember was one of the Principal Arguments insisted on by Us for reducing 
 their number to a just Proportion. The Pounder's Intention, we Own, ought to be 
 much regarded, when it appears to be consistent with the Foundation, & to promote 
 y° Interest of the College ; & when the Charity and publick Benefit is great & 
 apparent, & the Damage accruing to the College little or none : but we humbly 
 insist that in the Instance before us it is quite the Eeverse of all this. Being bound 
 by our Oath to maintain and defend to the Utmost of our Power, the Foundation of 
 the CoUedge, & all y' Eights, Priviledges, & Prerogatives thereof, We have already 
 Petition'd yo' Grace, & do now humbly renew our request. That you will be pleas'd 
 to give us Leave to defend ourselves at Law, if the Church Wardens shall think fit to 
 put Us to any more trouble and expences ; but this, we flatter ourselves they will not 
 do, because before they are admitted Assistants, & thereby have a Bight to intermeddle 
 with our affairs, they must take a solemn Oath, as well as We, never to consent to 
 the breaking or Alteration of the Foundation of the College, nor to the doinc of 
 any act or thing that may in any sort lead to the disturbance, hindrance, dama<^ or 
 Prejudice y'of. 
 
 To the 3'" Article concerning the Augmentation of the Salaries, The Fellows make 
 y° following Answer 
 
 The Founder justly observes in his Appendix to the Statutes, " That in makin^ of 
 " Laws, human Eeason cannot foresee all things, & that some useful & fit thmas 
 " may lie omitted & others which at first may seem reasonable and profitable, may m 
 " Use and Practice prove discommodious & not so fitting to be observed." The Wit 
 of Man cannot contrive a body of statutes so as to answer all Emergencies, take in aU 
 Cases, & obviate all Difficulties ; therefore to supply these Defects, a living Jud<re 
 is appointed a Visitor, to whom Becourse may be had in all cases of doubt *& 
 difficulty, who stands in the Founder's place, and may do every thinw the Founder 
 himself could legally do, or may be presum'd would do, were he aliva The Visitor 
 (with all humility and submission be it spoken) cannot increase or diminish the 
 number of Members, nor alienate any part of the Eevenue, nor give any of y° Statutes 
 force which are apparently inconsistent with the Foundation; but may lawfully 
 correct, alter and amend the other statutes, & particularly the Modus of the distribu- 
 
1728.] THE ANSWER OF THE COLLEGE. 255 
 
 tion of the Income among the Members, as time, circumstances, equity & the 
 publick good shall require. 
 
 His Grace A.BP. Sheldon taking into his consideration the then state of the 
 College, & particularly the scantiness of the statutable Provision arising from the 
 difference of times, made use of his Visitatorial Power, to amend the statutes, & 
 supply their Defects : & decreed that the M'. Warden & Fellows Diet sh* be increased 
 from 10 to 15" a year a piece. That the Poor Scholars & Servants allowance for Diet 
 (w""" was but 3^* p diem a piece) sh"^ be made 6* a piece That the 12 Poor Scholars' 
 apparel should be rais'd from 20 to 30" a year, & the servants' wages and Liveries 
 from 27 to 56" p ann ; and lastly. He thought fit to allow the M' & Ward'? the 
 keeping of a Horse each, & wages for their men. 
 
 Your Grace out of yo'' paternal care of the College & tender regard to its welfare and 
 prosperity did at the last visitation make diverse excellent Orders concerning the School 
 & the publick worship of God and for maintaining oeconomy and good Order in y° 
 ColL & observing that the motives which induc'd A.B. Sheldon to make the above- 
 mentioned additional allowances are, upon many accounts, stronger now for other 
 augmentations, yo' Grace thought fit to augment y° stated allowances (not partially of 
 one or Two but indifferently) of all the Members in such proportions as you saw it 
 most wanted. To the M' & W° (besides increase of Diet for their men, w""" is very 
 considerable) was confirm'd the right of keeping a Horse each. To the Poor Scholars 
 who shall be put to Trades, 5' to set up with at the end of their apprenticeship, pro- 
 vided they bring proper certificates from their Masters of their honesty and diligence. 
 A small sum to be laid out yearly in Books for the Library ; & Fewel & Physic for the 
 poor Pensioners. 
 
 Your Grace also thought fit to advance the Fellows salaries, viz. The Preachers & 
 Schoolm" to 20" per ann: The ushers to 16", & the Organist's to 14" upon conditions 
 that a Catechetical Lecture should be preached on Simday in the afternoon for the 
 benefit of Servants, & the more ignorant sort of people, the Servants of the House 
 catechis'd and the poor Inhabitants children taught Eead^ Writing & Vulgar Arith- 
 metick, & brought up with y° College boys to assist in the Choir. And as A.B^ 
 Sheldon added 30" a year to our Table out of the Table allowance of the six abrogated 
 Fellows', so these appointments were made out of their salaries, & both of them, as we 
 humbly conceive, without breaking in upon the Statutes ; since every one has his 
 statutable allowance, & something more out of an appropriated Fund, to which no 
 one can say he has any right by the Letter of the Statutes. It is observable that the 
 Ch. Wardens have made no objection ags' A.Bp Sheldon's settlement & allowances, 
 for that were to cut the bough they stand upon, nor to some of yo' Grace's, tho' they are 
 all established by the same Authority, supported by the same Eeasons, & liable to the 
 same Exceptions, but, for reasons best known to themselves, have singl'd out the 
 Fellows. But we pray we may be permitted to remind yo' Grace of the Eeasons for 
 which these augmentations were made. They were these 
 
 1". The true intent & meaning of the Founder was that our Chapel should be a 
 Chapel of Ease for the Liberty of Dulwich, & that they should have a sermon in the 
 Afternoon as well as the Morning (Vid Stat. 33). And also That the Inhabitants' 
 Children should be instructed gratis in the College School in that sort of Learning 
 which was most esteemed at that time viz Grammar (Stat. 66). It is plain therefore 
 that the Founder did intend a Benefit to the Village, and no less evident, that the 
 Preacher is not oblig'd upon the foot of the Statutes, to Preach but once a day, Nor the 
 Sch. M"^ & Usher to teach the inhabitants children anything but what the statutes 
 
2S6 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 require & at the hours limited by them. Yo"' Grace considering what all the world is 
 satisfied in now that That sort of learning is of little or no use to children of their 
 condition, has effectually answer'd the Founder's good intention, by ordering poor boys 
 to be taught to read, write & cast accounts, and the Sch-M' & Usher (as is most just) 
 to be paid for it out of the Estate. It is a known Maxim in the Civil Law " Quod is 
 " in Legem committit, qui verba legis complectens, contra Logis nititur voluntatem," 
 for " Lex non in verbis, sed in sensu, non ia folijs & cortice verborum, sed in meduUS, 
 " consistit." " .iEquitas " says the Philosopher, " nihil aliud est quam Supplementum 
 " ejus quod lex prtetermisit." 
 
 2. Another Eeason for this Augmentation was the meanness of the Fellow's Salaries. 
 Ten or twelve Pounds might have been, & probably was, a competent Honorarium in 
 the Founder's time, for those who were to be M" of Arts at the least. Graduates & 
 Divines (St. 5). But the case is greatly alter'd in the Course of 100 y" and what was 
 then sufficient, is far from being enough now to induce any well qualified person to 
 accept of Places charg'd with so much duty, requiring constant attendance, & incon- 
 sistent w"" any oy'' preferm'. 
 
 3. Tho the Visitor might undoubtedly augment the Fellow's Salaries upon the bare 
 foot of Equity as He did their Table allowances. Yet he has appointed them to do 
 something for the Service and benefit of the Publick, of which the Society partakes & 
 may be therefore said to have an equivalent ; for if the poor Sum they make so much 
 ado about, which is divided among all the Fellows, were given to the Preacher alone, 
 it were no excessive reward for his p* of the duty. If they can lay out what money 
 they please for what they think ornamental or convenient, tis hard if the Visitor may 
 not appoint so small a sum for so great & useful purposes. The Fellows may as well 
 have a small augmentation for doing something, as others for doing nothing more than 
 their duty. 
 
 4. The Master (& in his absence) the Warden, by having the casting voice (w'^'' is 
 of vast consequence in so small a number) & the executive Power in their hands, and 
 a Negative upon the whole Society, (but not by y° Statutes) can in a manner cany 
 things as they please, especially if the Assistants concur with them. By their 
 managem' there was no Dividend for near 100 years together, and this valuable part 
 of our Constitution was not retrieved till of late, & that not without much struccde & 
 opposition. During this long period of time there might have been a Dividend" more 
 or less, every year, for the most part ; but instead of this, the Lands were underlett, & 
 wicked schemes invented to perpetuate the abuse viz The Eecommendams to elude the 
 Statute concerning the Granting of Leases. 
 
 By this & extravagant House keeping, & want of oeconomy, either the Fountain 
 was dry'd up or the Annual Fund totally exhausted out of w""" a Dividend should have 
 been made : and ev'n lately the Warden declar'd he had suiScient money in his hands 
 for a small dividend, yet none was made. To prevent such otherwise almost unavoid- 
 able abuses for the future, it was thought fit not to leave the society altogether at the 
 Mercy of the Managers for a necessary subsistence, and that a Dividend should not 
 take place till the Salaries of the Officers were, by proper additions made what the 
 Founder left them, viz a competent Subsistence for Persons of their condition & a 
 valuable Consideration for their Service. These are the Eeasons which induc'd yo' 
 Grace to make this settlement, and we humbly submit them to yo" Grace's review. 
 
 The Ch. wardens further say. That the rest of the Members cannot have their" true 
 & just Dividend if the additional Pensions of the Fellows continue. To which we 
 answer That the argument may be turned with greater force ngs' themselves ■ for if 
 
1728.] THE ANSWER OF THE COLLEGE. 257 
 
 their illegal Out Pensioners have 60" or 70" a year of our Money, 'tis certain the 
 Members of the College cannot liave their true & right Dividend, and it bears equally 
 against all other additions made both by A-Bi" Sheldon and yo' Grace: for if we 
 exceed the Limits prescrib'd by the Founder in Diet, serv" wages, & extra-statutable 
 allowances to our own Poor, it is most evident that the Dividend must needs be the 
 smaller for it. Tliis Argument, therefore, if it proves anything, it proves too much, & 
 would throw the College into the utmost confusion. 
 
 They complain that they had no notice of the Visitation, nor an opportunity of 
 laying before your Grace's Commissioner their Eeasons against the augmentation of the 
 Salaries. To this it is answered That yo' Grace is Visitor of the College & all its 
 Members. If the church w°' are Members of the Corporation, they had a sufficient 
 Summons ; a general Citation having been fixt upon the Chapel Door as is usual in 
 such cases. If they are not Members of the Coll. they are not subject to the Visitor's 
 Jurisdiction, & consequently could not be cited to appear. The Visitation having 
 continued 15 months, & the Cli. W^ having attended at two several audits in the 
 College during that time they cannot plead ignorance, but might have made their 
 application to yo'' Grace, or yo' Commissioner. As to their wanting an Opportunity to 
 object : If they think their Presence could have given a turn to y* affair Let them 
 bring forth their strong reasons now : "We have a Judge, thanks be to God, who can be 
 sway'd by no motives but those of Justice and Truth. 
 
 That this Decree was obtain'd by any unfair or partial Eepresentation of the Case, 
 is a very injurious Insinuation. Tlie Visitation depended long. Our answers to the 
 interrogatories were given in upon Oath ; the most exact & rigorous scrutiny was made 
 into the truth of what every one advanc'd; Our statutes & Deeds were diligently 
 perus'd by yo' Grace's worthy commissioner ; so that had it been in any one's WUl, it 
 could not possibly be in his Power to impose upon him. And lastly a Draught of the 
 Injunctions was solemnly & deliberately read over twice to the whole society (among 
 whom there were some not weU. affected to the thing now in question) a week or a 
 Fortnight before they were enacted, & every one with Pen, Ink & Paper before him 
 requir'd to take notes, and not only permitted but desir'd & encourag'd to send their 
 Eemarks during that Interval, that they might be duly consider'd before the Injunctions 
 should receive the Archiepiscopal sanction. 
 
 Lastly the Eespondents are greatly at a loss to know why the Church wardens, 
 who are absolute strangers to them, & to whom they never gave the least just cause of 
 offence, should stickle so much against the augmentation of their salaries, & yet allow 
 such aiigmeutations to all the rest of the Society, yea, even to the meanest menial serv' 
 of the House ; Is this candid & impartial dealing : A common Tradesman would think 
 liimself but indifferently well off, if he did not get 100" a year by his business ; and it 
 is hard that a Clergy-man who has had a liberal & expensive Education to fit him for 
 the service of God & his country, in a more honourable, useful, & important station of 
 life, should be grudg'd less Wages than a Shop-keeper gives his journeyman. 
 
 The 4'" and last objection to be taken notice off is a pretended Plaw in the School 
 M"' Title after above 20 years enjoyment, or rather Possession of the Place, viz That 
 he has not the Academical Degree requir'd by y° Statutes. , ^, , 
 
 To this the Schoolmaster answers. That he is not y° man the Church wardens take 
 him for, that is He is not the second senior Fellow mention'd in the statute (Stat. 5) 
 That Fellow having been illegally added to the Corporation, the Schoolm' who was the 
 third statute Fellow is now become the second, and the Organist who was the fifth, is 
 now the fourth ; But the Schoolm'" no more succeeds the second statute Fellow, or is 
 VOL. I. ^ ^ 
 
258 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 to have his qualification of M.A of Oxf* or Cambridge, than the Organist succeeds the 
 fourth Statute Fellow, & is to be a Graduate and Divine, For from an accidental 
 Identity of Name, Order, or Stipends, an Identity of of&ce & qualifications cannot be 
 inferr'd. The 2* Fellow mention'd in the Statute was indeed to be M.A of Oxf* or 
 Camb: But the qualifications requir'd in the Schoolm' are only. That he be a 
 Graduate at Large without mentioning any University, a Divine, i.e. in Holy Orders, 
 & experienc'd in his Profession. Qualifications for a place are, for the most part, 
 either real abilities for Discharging the office, or Strong Presumptions that the Party 
 is possess'd of such abilities. Now the having taken y" Degree of M.A in one of the 
 two universities was & is justly thought a strong Presumption that the Person is well 
 stockt with human Learning, & has had time & means sufficient to qualifie himself for 
 being an able & orthodox Preacher in the Church of England ; yet it must be allow'd 
 that one bred up at another University may be, at least, a sufficient Schoolm' and for 
 that reason 'tis probable, the Founder did not restrain the Degree of the Schoolmaster 
 or Usher to Oxf^ or Camb. and did not so much as require them to be M.A. This was 
 the sense of the College before the present Schoolmaster knew it, for his immediate 
 Predecessor was but A.B. And that the present Schoolm" Degree was sufficient was 
 not only the Unanimous Opinion of the then society, but also of his Grace the late 
 A.BP who had reason to be well acquainted with the Statutes, having been put to a 
 great deal of trouble some time before to lay the waves rais'd in this Bottle. When 
 the Power of electing lapses to the Visitor, he becomes the sole Judge of the qualifica- 
 tions of the Person to be elected, and in the late A-B*^ Mandate, by w""" the Schoohn"' 
 was admitted He is designed Magister in Artibus apud Scotos, for which he can 
 produce his Diploma. He will ever thankfully acknowledge the favour done him by 
 his Grace, but it has prov'd no great Benefit ; and he has had so little comfort in it, 
 especially of late years, that it is his daily prayer that Providence would open some 
 way for Him to escape. 
 
 This is the sum of what we have to answer to the Church W" Eepresentation, and 
 we humbly submit the whole affair to yo' Grace to determine therein what you in yo' 
 great wisdom shall think meet. 
 
 Given under our Common Seal 
 Aug. 16. 1728. 
 
 J. Allen M"" 
 EioH" Dove P^ 
 Ja Hume Schm' 
 Jn" Hilary Ush. 
 Da. Cheeiton Ors" 
 
 It will be observed that the "Warden did not sign this answer. 
 On the 4th September 1728, the churchwardens attended the' audit the 
 first held since the Lord Chancellor's decree, Mr. Hume drawing up a 
 minute as to their behaviour on the occasion in these terms : s F 
 
 Sept' 4 1728. 
 
 This day the Church wardens repair'd to y' Coll: and one of them bein<r a Quaker 
 was repeUd for refusmg to take the Oath prescrib'd by statute (for which we have a 
 President— sic) and one more of 'em was sworn, tho' he likewise ought to have been 
 
1728.] THE ANNUAL EXPENSES OF THE COLLEGE. 259 
 
 rejected as being brought to supply tbe Place of an Upper Ch. W whom alone by our 
 Ancient Custom we are to receive. They ought not to be allow'd the Privilege of 
 substituting a proxy no more than we ; nor is it reasonable that a factious Ch. W° or 
 two should be permitted to garble their whole number for Persons of their own kidney 
 to carry a Point. 
 
 They seem'd to come with a Disposition to be angry and to pick quarrels, & not to 
 act, for they demanded such things as they knew we could not possibly grant viz. 
 
 1" That they might see and examine our accounts for the 4 last years when they 
 were absent. 
 
 2. That the Leases granted in their absence should be recall'd & 
 
 3. That Enquiry should be made into the Qualifications of the members. 
 
 To the 1" it was answer'd. That as private men they might see all our Accounts, 
 & make what Observations upon them they thought fit ; but they could not be 
 permitted to examine them as Auditors & Judges, because they are lawfully audited 
 already, & subject to be judicially inspected only by his Grace the Visitor : and 
 because the statutes give the Church W°° Power, in conjunction with us, to view the 
 accounts every half year, no farther back than the last half year immediately preceed- 
 ing (vid St. 94). 
 
 To the 2* That the Leases made, as well as the accounts pass'd, in their absence, were 
 good in law & neither needed their approbation, nor could be invalidated by their Dissent. 
 
 To the 3'* That the Titles and Qualifications by which the Members held their 
 Free Holds, are not subject to their cognisance. 
 
 And to all the three Demands it was answer'd in general — That these very points 
 they themselves had laid before the Visitor by their late Eepresentation & Petition, 
 which has put the matter absolutely out of our Power, and as it was arrogant & Pre- 
 sumptions in them to prefer a Petition, & not to wait for an answer so it would be 
 undutiful & absurd in us to anticipate his Grace's judgement. And further. That we 
 could not comply with their Demands without owning them, who are but our 
 Assistants, for our Siiperiors & Visitors, which were not only highly disrespectful to 
 his Grace our only lawful Visitor, but notoriously to betray the Eights & Priviledges of 
 the College w* we are bound by our Oaths to maintain to y' utmost of our Power. 
 Upon which they refus'd to do their duty as Assistants & departed, tho' the M"" & W 
 besought them to stay upon any terms, & offer'd to do every thing they desir'd. If 
 his Grace would send some fit Person to inspect & audit the Accounts of the last 4 
 years, it would put an effectual End to that part of the Dispute. 
 
 The accounts were signed by the Master and Warden only, the Fellows 
 probably declining to sign in consequence of their not having received their 
 increased salaries. 
 
 The Archbishop seems to have asked for a statement of the expenses, 
 whicli Mr. Hume furnished as follows : — 
 
 A state of the Annual Expences of the CoUege according to the Statutes & Injunc- 
 tions 1728. , ^ ^ 
 
 £ S. D. 
 
 To the M' "W° & Fellows Table . . • 60 00 00 
 
 Added 5" a piece . . • • • 30 00 00 
 
 The 12 boys Diet at 2>\ pr diem . . . 59 06 03 
 
 Added . ■ 50 03 09 
 
260 
 
 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 [a.d. 
 
 To the 7 Servants Diet . 
 
 Added to the 5 Coll Serv" 
 Bread and Beer for the poor 
 The M" Pension 
 
 His horse . 
 
 Added to his Man's Diet . 
 The Wardens Pension . 
 
 His horse . 
 
 Added to his Man's Diet . 
 The two Senior Fellows Pensions 
 
 Added 
 The two Jun' Fellows Pensions 
 
 Added 
 Strings &c 
 Poor's Pensions 
 
 Added for Fewel 
 
 And for physick 
 Poor's Gowns . 
 Poor Scholars Apparel 
 
 Added 
 Assistants 
 College Serv*^ wages 
 
 Added 
 Feasting 
 To the Library . 
 
 £ 
 
 s. 
 
 D. 
 
 34 11 
 
 Ill 
 
 20 
 
 18 
 
 02| 
 
 36 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 40 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 10 00 
 
 00 
 
 4 
 
 03 07f 
 
 30 00 
 
 00 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 04 03 
 
 07| 
 
 24 00 
 
 00 
 
 16 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 20 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 01 
 
 03 
 
 04 
 
 73 00 00 
 
 14 08 00 
 
 10 00 
 
 00 
 
 06 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 20 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 03 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 14 00 
 
 00 
 
 17 00 
 
 00 
 
 03 06 
 
 08 
 
 06 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 £637 15 6 
 
 N.B. The Founder (as the Cli W"" ohserv'd in the Representation) has limited our 
 annual expences to 600", and our present stated expences according to y° statutes witli 
 all the Additions made by the Injunctions of both the AB^^ amounts but to £637, of 
 which the Augmentations given to the M' & Warden are at the lowest Computation 
 near 30". The College will be greatly obUged to the Ch W"^ if they shall make strict 
 Enquiry how the rest of the money has been dispos'd of, by what authority it was 
 laid out, & those concerned required to produce their vouchers. If they shall do this 
 impartially making the statutes & Injunctions their Eule, they will not only act as 
 becomes good Auditors, but demonstrate to the World by their Usefulness that we 
 were in the wrong to endeavour to seclude half their number. 
 
 The Warden still withholding the additional salaries of the Fellows, the 
 latter addressed the following petition to the Archbishop : — 
 
 To the most Eev* Father in God, William L'^ Archbishop of Canterbury, Primate 
 of all England and Metropolitan 
 
 The humble Petition of Eichard Dove, James Hume, John Hilary, and David 
 Cheriton, Fellows of God's Gift CoUege in Dulwich. 
 
 Sheweth, 
 
 That your Grace and your Predecessors having thought fit to augment the statut- 
 able Allowances of aU the Members of our Society, The Warden of the CoUetre has 
 
172S.] LETTER TO THE MASTER. 261 
 
 notwithstanding, taken upon him contrary to his Duty, to supersede the Execution of 
 your Grace's late Injunction with respect to your Petitioners, and stopt payment of 
 the Pensions allow'd us by the same, w"*" obliges your Petitioners humbly to apply to 
 your Grace as oux Visitor for relief. 
 
 EicH". Dove 
 Ja. Hume 
 Jn° Hilary 
 David Chekiton. 
 (No date, but endorsed 1728). 
 Lambeth MSS. 1118, No. 21. 
 
 And in September 1728 Mr. Hume wrote this letter to the Master : — 
 
 Sir Sepf. 1728. 
 
 Calling to mind the last words his Grace spoke to me t'other day when I came out 
 of his chamber, That it were much better & wiser for the warden to do his duty at 
 this Juncture, than to oblige him to interpose his authority ; and considering seriously 
 what might be the true intent & meaning of the Churchwarden's Paper of the IS"" of 
 June last, which manifestly appears to be in itself irregular, partial & unjust ; 
 irregular, Ijecause done by persons who were not our assistants & at a time when the 
 Assistants have no concern w"" us ; partial, because they omit several augmentations 
 against which their objections lie as strong as ag" the Fellow's Salaries; & unjust, 
 because nothing can be more so than to stop the paym' of Salaries when the duty is 
 done, & the conditions perform'd upon w"" they were granted. Considering, I say, all 
 this, & how little reason Our House has to expect any good from that Quarter, I could 
 not help entertaining a strong suspicion, that they have quite another meaning than 
 by the specious outside appears. I am persuaded I have now discovered the Snake in 
 the Grass, & wonder we did not discern it sooner. I think we may now take it for 
 granted, that if we are not wanting to ourselves, we shall never more pay the illegal 
 Pensions to their Out Members. The only Question is about their arrears. They 
 have artfully contriv'd a way to divide us among our Selves by throwing in this bone 
 of contention, & to put the Fellows under a necessity of applying to the Visitor, for 
 relief : and not doubting but that the AB^. would resent the manifest insult upon his 
 authority, & oblige the warden to pay our arrears, the use they would make of it 
 would be' to urge this as a fresh Precedent for the payment of theirs : for, say they, if 
 the A.B. has obliged theAVarden to pay the Fellow's controverted Arrears, w"" have no 
 other Foundation but his own Injunction, why should not we also have ours, w"" are 
 founded upon the same authority ? As for the part the warden acts in this affair, his 
 Scruple is so weak & groundless, that I cannot help thinking he is either caught 
 unawares in their Toy Is, or (which is horrible to think) that notwithstanding all his 
 pretences to the contrary, He is secretly confederated with our enemies: for what 
 better security can he have for paying this money than he has already, viz, the 
 Visitor's Injunction ? Has he any better security for a great part of his other Dis- 
 bursements ? and does he not every week, in defiance of the Statutes, lay out the 
 publick money without a vrritten Order entered in the Book ? (Comp. St 93 & 94 
 sub fin). So that what he pretends is neither a good reason in itself, nor his true one : 
 for if it were, it would operate uniformly. S"". you have known me these 16 or 17 
 years & I can appeal to you whether I have not always pursu'd the publick Interest 
 with an honest zeal, for the most part in conjunction with yourself, & we may say 
 
262 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 without vanity, not without some success. Poor as I am, I would disdain to accept of 
 one farthing which I thought I could not enjoy with a good conscience. To defeat the 
 sly designs of o'' Adversaries I propose that the enquiry into our Eight to the 
 additional Salaries be defer'd till their affair is over, and then in God's name, let it be 
 thoroughly discussed, and if it appears that our Title is not good, I for my part, shall 
 be as willing to resign it as any one would have me. No Interest of mine shall ever 
 interrupt that of the publick a moment. I propose this expedient, That if the 
 Warden's scruples are real, & he insists upon his not being secure, we will give him 
 our own security & oblige ourselves to refund the money if we shall be cast hereafter 
 upon a fair hearing. I leave the consideration & management of this affair to yo'' 
 prudence & discretion, who can give the matter what turn you wiU 
 
 & am, yours sincerely j tt 
 
 On the 16th of the same month he addressed the following letter to the 
 Dean of Arches (Hume MS. in British Museum) : — 
 
 Sir 
 
 His Grace, as I am informed, having communicated to you the Ch. w°^. Representa- 
 tion and Petition, I thought it might not be improper to pray you to peruse likewise 
 the answer we have return'd to it. You have likewise enclos'd a minute of their 
 behaviour at the Coll. on the 4"" of Sep'. These people, you see grow unsufferable ; 
 they are not contented to be what my L* Chancellor has made them, Assistants, but 
 will needs hoist themselves up into Visitors. They know not how to use their victory 
 (if it is one), for if they are mere Assistants, (& the Decree seems to make them no 
 more) twenty of them could do us no harm but with their teeth. This trouble we owe 
 in a great measure to our own misconduct, to a false step we made at our first setting 
 out. Had it not been for that, Equity, in all probability had not been over rul'd by 
 Common Law, nor his Grace's most just Determination superseded by an Oracular 
 Decree, w"" ascertains indeed the number of the Assistants, but leaves their Powers so 
 uncertain & doubtful, that it may be plausibly enough interpreted by both Parties in 
 their own favour, & which is y'fore so far from being a solid ground of Peace, that like 
 Cadmus's serpent's teeth, 'tis like to prove the fruitful seed of War. However, their 
 fancied success has animated these pragmatical Gentlemen to further decrees of 
 insolence, for in June last (a time when they have no manner of concern with us or 
 our affairs) they came & protested against his Grace's augmentation of the Fellows' 
 salaries. Upon w*" our Warden, who is their Creature & inviolably attacht to their 
 interest, presum'd to do by his own Authority (si Dijs placet) what none of his 
 Predecessors, nor the whole society ever durst attempt since the Foundation, viz, to 
 suspend the execution of his Grace's Injunction, & stop our Pensions. Such proceed- 
 ings seem to affect his Grace's Honour no less than our Interest and therefore I doubt 
 not but he will exert his Authority & effectually repress the growing Insolence of 
 these troublesome people. 
 
 Justum et tenacem Propositi virum — Non civium ardor prava jubentium mente 
 
 quatit soUdi Merit we can plead none : all our hope is that y' Goodness & inclina- 
 tion to protect the opprest will dispose you stand our Friend in this affair. Excuse 
 the Liberty I take m giving you this further trouble about our petty concerns, & 
 beleive that I am with the greatest sincerity & respect. Worthy S' 
 
 T^ , r. ,1 o ,. ,^«„ Y' most faithful humble Servant 
 
 Dul: Coll. Sep' 16. 1728. j^, ^^^^ 
 
1728.] INDEMNITY TO THE VISITOR. 263 
 
 The Dean replied on the 19tli of the same month as follows (Hume 
 MSS.) :— 
 
 Fulham Palace Sep 19 1728. 
 Eev* Sir, 
 
 I have carefully perus'd yo' Answer to the church Warden's Eepresentation & 
 Petition and perfectly approve of every part thereof except the undeserv'd compliments 
 to me. You know S"", it was my misfortune to differ from his Grace in the steps 
 taken by him upon the Petitioners apphcation to Chancery : However As he has been 
 pleas'd to communicate to me this very extraordinary Eepresentation of theirs 'tis 
 probable I may receive yo"" answer by the same canal, & my opinion be requir'd 
 y'upon. M' Warden must have a mean opinion of Visitors if he can think his taking 
 upon him to suspend the Execution of his Grace's Injunctions will pass w'out censure 
 
 I am S'. 
 
 Yo' most affectionate Friend 
 
 J. B. 
 
 Mr. Hume has appended to one of his letters the following note : — 
 " Upon a severe reprimand from the Archbishop the honest "Warden thought 
 " fit to submit ; " from which it would appear that the additional salaries 
 were shortly afterwards paid. 
 
 The College was eager to go to law again, hoping thereby to get rid 
 once and for aU of the thirty out-members, who were considered to be 
 excluded by the decree in Chancery; so on the 21st September 1728 the 
 following indemnity to the Archbishop against his costs was signed : — 
 
 (Lambeth MSS. vol. 1118, No. 18.) 
 
 Copy OF THE Order. 
 
 At a private sitting 
 Sept'. 20. 1728. 
 
 Present, the M'. Warden, Preach' 
 Schoolm' and Organist 
 
 Ordered that a Writing shall be drawn up, and the Common seal af&xed to it, 
 giving Assurance to his Grace the A.Bp of Canterbury that whatever Expence he has 
 been at already, or shall be put to hereafter as our Visitor shall be repay'd him, And 
 the Warden is hereby ordered to pay the same, And that the Instrument shall be 
 presented to his Grace by the Master. 
 
 J. Allen 
 EicH". Dove 
 Ja. Hume 
 David Cheeiton 
 
 Copy of the Instrument. 
 
 Whereas his Grace William L* Archbishop of Canterbury is Visitor of the College 
 of God's gift Coll: in Dulwich, and, as such, may be engaged in expensive Law Suits : 
 We the M'. Warden & Fellows of the s* College humbly pray his Grace to undertake 
 our Defence, if there shall be occasion, and do hereby promise and engage, as is most 
 
264 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 just & reasonable to indemnifie his Grace & repay him all the expences & charges 
 he hath been at already, or shall be put to hereafter upon that account 
 
 Given under our Common Seal /'~~\ 
 
 the 21 day of Sep'. 1728. fL. S.j 
 
 In the presence of ^- — ^ 
 
 Tho Wotton 
 John Day 
 
 Both the Archbishop and the College seem to have laid a case before Mr. 
 Serjeant Whitaker, whose opinion, as given to the Archbishop, was as follows : 
 
 On perusal of the Letters Patent & other Deeds founding the College I am of 
 opinion that these Churchwardens, constituted Assistants by the Founders Statutes of 
 29 Sepf. 1626, are no part of y° Corporation. And his Grace the Archbishop of 
 Canterbury (the Constituted & undoubted Visitor of this Colledge) has no authority 
 power or Jurisdiction over them as Visitor of this Colledge, And that these Church- 
 wardens (tho' named Assistants by the Founder of this Colledge) by their petition or 
 representation do not give his Grace considered as Visitor any power over them, and I 
 am of opinion his Grace as Visitor of this Colledge need give no other regard to this 
 petition or representation than of a mere stranger. 
 
 As to what is desired by this petition to be rectifyed as is pretended & insisted on. 
 
 1. As to the leases, they are granted by the Corporation & tho' without the consent 
 of these Assistants, yet they cannot now be avoided. 
 
 2. As to the accounts of the Warden & other officers of this Colledge. The Cor- 
 poration have given these Petitioners a fair answer. The Petitioners were absent, they 
 may if they will review these accounts & if they can lay their fingers on and shew any 
 mistake or errors It may be rectified at any other audit when these Pet" or their 
 Successors shall see fit to attend. But there is no reason or is his Grace as Visitor 
 obliged to injoin a review of these accounts. 
 
 3. As to y° pensions & allowances directed to be made to the 30 poor persons 
 described in this petition, I am of opinion neither the arrears for the tyme past nor 
 any growing payments ought to be made to these 30 poor persons. By the deed of y° 
 24 Apr. 1620 All the Messu". & Lands whereof this Colledge is endowed are appro- 
 priated to this Corporation, and the Statutes made the 29 Sept 1626 could not alter or 
 limit any part of the rents issues or pfitts of these Messu^''. & lands to any other per- 
 sons whatever than to the members of this Corporation, nor could the founder by these 
 statutes add any members thereto and therefore I am of opinion that none of these 
 payments ought to be made to these 30 poor persons But that tlie Injunction made by 
 y" late Archbishop of Canterbury D' Sheldon to oblidge the payment thereof should 
 be relaxt & wholey discharged by his Grace the present Visitor and I am likewise 
 of opinion, that the other payments directed by these statutes, to any other persons 
 not members of the first Corporation, or servants to that Corporation or for other 
 necessary occasions of the Corporation, ought not to be paid tho directed by the 
 founders statutes, because by the founders endowment in the year 1620, all profits & 
 income of those Messua^"' & lauds are to be aplied for the benefit & to y° use of that 
 Corporation and by no subsequent act could the founder alter the uses thereof. 
 
 But indeed since there are such Injunctions by the late Archbishop D"" Sheldon to 
 avoid clamour from these 30 poor persons & these Assistants on their behalf It may be 
 reasonable (if his Grace the psent Archbishop sees fit) onely to relax the Injunction 
 
172S.] LETTER FROM THE VISITOR. 265 
 
 in that tehalf til such tyme as this matter be settled in one of his Maj"" Courts at 
 "Westminster, But this I do not advise further than as a matter off prudence, for I 
 am of opinion his Grace as Visitor is the proper Judge of this matter. 
 
 4. As to the Salaries complained of in this petition and whereof payment is desired 
 to be prohibited & 
 
 h. As to the qualification of the schoolm'. His Grace is the sole and only 
 Visitor, and if the endowment of 1G20 and the statutes so far as they are pur- 
 suant to the charter & the endowment be but considered there is no roome for any 
 complaint. But his Grace being the onely Visitor of this Colledge I am of opinion his 
 determination onely as to these 2 matters is to decide & determine & my opinion is that 
 in neither of these two there is any cause of complaint Edw" Whitakee 
 
 11 Ocf. 1728. 
 
 The Archbisliop also consulted Lord Trevor,* as appears from the 
 follovsdng letter to Mr. Hume : — 
 Eev*^ Sir, 
 
 Being yesterday at Lambeth I understood that my L^ Trevor, whom I purpose to 
 advise with about the present affairs of yo' college, & whose Judgement I shall 
 chiefly rely upon, will return this week out of Bedfordshire. That I may be the 
 better prepar'd to confer with his Lordship, I have once already discours'd with my 
 neighbour Sergeant Whitaker, & communicated your statutes to him, & what are the 
 chief Points at present under debate. I am to have his full Opinion & advice next 
 Tuesday Morning ; and for his better giving it in the matters relating to yo' Estate (as 
 Letting of Leases ; the Pensions given by yo' statutes to the Out Pensioners of the 
 three Parishes &c) He would be glad to have seen what the ICing's Letters Patent say, 
 and yo' Founder, either in his settlement of yo"' College, or his Fine for passing his 
 Estate to it, as to the Powers granted you to let Leases, or to pass accounts, or as to 
 his granting his Estate to you ; because these must govern all this matter in Law, & 
 not any statutes after made. I wish you could any time before Tuesday Morning let 
 those clauses be copied from the King's Patents, the Founder's Establishment of yo' 
 College, & his settlement of his Estate upon you. I hope we may find a way to have 
 these matters determin'd both with less expence, & in a shorter time, than by Chancery, 
 and without asking the Church Warden's leave for it. Since these Gentlemen take so 
 much upon them, I think it necessary these things should once for all be settled by 
 Law, that I may know what my Power is, and you what your rights are. I desire to 
 do nothing but what is both agreeable to Law & what I think will be for the benefit 
 of the Corporation. 1 will not attempt any thing against their Eights, nor (if I can 
 help it) be depriv'd of any of my own. Pray give me your assistance in what I above 
 desire, or let any body attend with the writings, who may carry them back to the 
 College. Our Meeting will be here at my house at ten a clock in the Morning, 
 Tuesday next. I am Eev* Sir 
 
 Yo' Loving Friend 
 Croydon. Oct 3. 1728 W. Cant: 
 
 My service to the M'. 
 
 Let my Letter be communicated to him, & assure him y* I aim at nothing but y* 
 Peace & Welfare of your society. 
 
 * Thomas Trevor, Solicitor-General 1692, Attorney-General 1695, and afterwards Chief Justice 
 of Common Pleas. Created Lord Trevor, 31st December 1711 ; Lord Privy Seal, 1725/6 and 1727 ; 
 President of the Council, 1730 ; died, 19th June 1730. The title merged in that of Hampden. 
 VOL. I. 2 L 
 
266 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 Mr. Hume replied as follows : — 
 
 My Lord 
 
 Being afraid lest something material might be omitted thro' my unskilfulness in 
 transcribing clauses from the Deeds, & considering that my Lord Trevor or Sergeant 
 Whitaker may probably want to see them, it was thought more adviseable to send the 
 Deeds themselves. Our most valuable evidences and dearest Interests cannot be safer 
 than in yo' Grace's Custody ; and lest the Originals should be at Lambeth I have also 
 sent Copies of the Churchwarden's Eepresentation and our answer, that by comparing 
 their allegations with ours, & both with the Deeds & Statutes, the truth may the more 
 evidently appear to those your Grace shall advise with. We are infinitely beholden 
 to yo' Grace for taking so much pains to promote our Peace & Welfare ; and God forbid 
 we should desire any thing but that matters may be fixed at last upon the sure Founda- 
 tion of Justice ; and that those controversies w"" have vex'd & disquieted this Society 
 from its first Establishment may be now puU'd up by the Eoots, & an effectual Provi- 
 sion made for its future Quiet & Welfare. He that contends for Common Eights with 
 Lower views than these, means not the Community, but Himself. 
 
 Multiplicity of Laws, and those Obscure, Inconsistent & Defective, have always 
 been, & cannot fail of Being, a fruitful Fund of Quarrels & Disorders. Yo' 
 Grace wiU observe that A.Bp. Sheldon consider'd our Statutes & his own Injunctions 
 too (like those of Moses) not as the best that might be in themselves, but 
 as the best that could be had for the time, till a better Settlement could 
 be procur'd from the King. Happy were it for this poor Society, if a Body of 
 Laws were extracted from those we have already, plain, intelligible, consistent 
 with the Foundation, & with y™selves, agreeable to the true Intention of the Founder, 
 suited to the present condition of the College and (without w"" all the rest would 
 signifie little) the due Execution of them Secur'd. Then might peaceable men who 
 love Study & Eetirement, hope to serve God, & do their Duty without disturbance, 
 & eat their Bread in Peace w'out being obliged to fight Prizes for it. I should think 
 it the greatest honour & happiness of my life could I contribute any thing to the 
 furthering of so good & charitable a work. I am with the profoundest respect" 
 
 My Lord 
 Yo' Graces most faithful, most humble & obed'. Serv'. 
 Dulwich CoU: - Ja. Hume. 
 
 Oct 7. 1728. 
 
 The Archbisliop determined to act upon the opinion of Serjeant 
 Lutwyche, so on the 13th November 1728 he sent the following answer 
 to the churchwardens' petition : — 
 
 13 Nov"-. 1728. 
 
 ', ^11^,^^°^^^^,^°?°^ Canterbury's Answer to the Petition and Eepresentation of 
 W-" Holland, Edw" Penton, Benj. Turton, Thomas Inwen, John Whitehead & John 
 Gelder, being the two Upper Church Wardens of y° Parish of S' Buttolph without 
 Bishopsgate m the City of London, the two upper Ch. W'. of the Parish of S* Saviour 
 in South-wark in the county of Surrey & the two upper Ch. W". of that part of the 
 Parish of S' Giles w'out Cripplegate in the County of Middlesex 
 
 Though I am sorryto see such a Spirit in the Church Wardens, who seem to make 
 It then: endeavour to pick a quarrel with the Visitor & with the M'. Warden & Fellows 
 
1728.] THE VISITOR'S ANSWER TO THE CHURCHWARDENS. 267 
 
 of Dulwich College, yet I am resolv'd, in pursuance of the Apostle's Directions, if it be 
 possible as much as lieth in me, to live peaceably with all men, and in order thereunto 
 shall be ready as far as is consistent with my right of visitor of that College, to join 
 ■with them in getting aU matters in debate, so settl'd by law, that there may be no 
 room left for any further contention about them. 
 
 The protest subscrib'd by them, & delivered in to the College the IS*"" of June last 
 past, to stop the Pajrm* of the Augmentations made by my order to the Salaries of the 
 Four Fellows in my last visitation, & for not paying of which the "Warden was liable 
 to have been censured by me : The remonstrance now made against my Injunction in 
 that particular, at the same time that no notice is taken of, or complaint made against 
 A.BP. Sheldon's Injunctions, who did the very same thing, but in a much larger 
 Degree ; the attempt to deprive the Schoolm' of his Place and Office, into which he 
 was put by my Predecessor the late Visitor, and in which he has ever since been 
 continued by Him & myself, as undoubtedly qualified for it by the Statutes of y* 
 Coll. All which are such plain Indications of a Contentious Spirit, seeking an 
 Occasion of Quarrel, as I cannot but be sorry to observe, tho' I shall never be mov'd 
 by any of these Enterprizes to make any unfitting return to them. And therefore tho' 
 I might well decline taking any notice of, or giving any answer to their present 
 Eemonstrance, yet I will so far comply w"" their desires as to return a particular 
 answer to their Several Proposals in it. 
 
 1"' For the Leases made by the Mast"^. Warden & Fellows in the absence of their 
 Predecessors, and without their concurrence, I am advis'd by Counsell Learned in the 
 Law, that the whole Power of Granting Leases is vested solely in Them, and that they 
 to whom those Leases are Granted have thereby obtain'd such a legal Eight to them, 
 as neither I, nor any body else, can avoid ; nor will the Consent of the present Ch. 
 W'. give any legal strength to them, nor their Dissent make them ever the less 
 bin din" : So that there is nothing for either them or me to do in this Particular. 
 
 2. As to the Accounts which were made up in the absence of their Predecessors, 
 If there be any Errors or other Faults in those accounts, for which they ought to be 
 receiv'd, Let them be shewn, and a proper care shall be taken to set them right. But 
 otherwise I see no reason to subject those Accounts to their Approbation, which come 
 not within the time of their Assistance, and at the Passing of which their Predecessors 
 mi^ht have been present, as far as by the Visitor's Injunction, then in force, the M' & 
 Fellows could allow y" to have been. 
 
 3. For the Pensions paid to the 30 Out Members, The Master, "Warden & FeUows 
 have Eepresented to Me, That they are advis'd by their Counsell that the Founder had 
 no power to lay any such burden upon them. That the whole estate of their College 
 had for several years before the making of the Statutes, by which those Payments are 
 appointed, both by the King's Charter, & the Founder's Grant, been legally vested in 
 their Corporation, and could not be apply'd to any other use ; and thereupon have 
 desir'd my consent, that notwithstanding A.Bp. Sheldon's Injunction They may be at 
 Liberty to bring the Eight of these Payments to a Legal Determination. Upon this 
 Bequest made to me by the College, I have advis'd with Counsell for my own 
 Satisfaction & Direction in this matter, and am by my Couusell inform'd that the 
 Colle<Je have good Eeason for what they desire & that I ought not to deny them the 
 Justice they request of bringing this matter to a legal Issue ; which will be the best 
 Direction for us all to follow, & put a final end to all Disputes about the matter : and 
 this I have accordingly resolv'd to do. 
 
 4. For the augmentations made at my late Visitation to the Salaries of the Preacher, 
 
268 , HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 Schoolmaster & the two other Fellows, they were neither hastily made, nor surrepti- 
 tiously ohtain'd, but after a long and mature Deliberation. I am advis'd & per- 
 suaded that in appointiug of those Augmentations I did no more than what I had 
 sufficient Power as well as very good reason to do. I followed A.Bp. Sheldon s 
 example but did not go a quarter so far as he had done before me. If the Assistants 
 think that A.Bp. Sheldon & I have both of us herein exceeded our Power of Visitors, 
 the Law must determine that point. For tho' I do insist upon my Eight as Visitor for 
 what I have done, yet I shall always be ready to submit to what shall be determin'd 
 by Law, if I have been mistaken in the exercise of my Authority therein. 
 
 6. The Schoolmaster is no M'. of Arts in either of the Universities of Oxf^ or 
 Cambridge, nor was his Predecessor so before him. I am informed that in the late 
 A-BP"' Mandate for his admission He is stiled Magister in Artibus apud Scotos, and that 
 so he is. If the Assistants have any reasons to induce them to doubt of this, I will 
 inquire further into his Qualifications : otherwise I shall acquiesce in the care my 
 Predecessor took of that matter who very well knew what he did & what the statutes 
 directed him to do. 
 
 The churchwardens were naturally not satisfied with this answer, and 
 threatened legal proceedings for the recovery of the pensions of the thirty 
 out-members. In order to allow the College to bring the whole question 
 before the Courts, the Archbishop issued the following letter suspending the 
 Injunctions of Archbishop Sheldon : — 
 
 Gentlemen, When I received your Petition the last Summer wherein you repre- 
 sented to me that you were informed by Council Learned in the Law that the pensions 
 which in obedience to Archbishop Sheldon's Injunction have been paid by your college 
 to the Churchwardens of the parishes of S' Buttolphs without Bishopsgate, S' Saviour's 
 Southwark and S' Giles without Cripplegate for the use of the poor of their respective 
 parishes were utterly illegal & inconsistent with the Deeds of Foundation and that 
 therefore you desired me to Suspend or Relax the said Injunction so far as that you 
 might be at liberty to try your right with the said Churchwardens by the law of tlie 
 Land. Upon due consideration thereof I thought your request so reasonable that I 
 had resolved to give my consent tliereunto and directed a Letter to be prepared for that 
 purpose. But in the mean time the said Churchwardens laid a Representation before 
 ine wherein among other things they complained that the said pensions were not paid 
 pursuant to the statutes and Ordinances of the College and the said Injunction of my 
 Predecessor and prayed my directions for the execution and enforcement of the said 
 statutes and Injunction in this behalf. This gave me an Occasion not only to Recon- 
 sider the matter very carefully myself but also to take the advice of Councell for my 
 further direction herein, and after mature consideration I sent the following answer to 
 that part of their application (see ante, p. 267). 
 
 And being now informed by you that the said Churchwardens are at this time 
 concerting the proper measures in order to bring this affair to a Legal determination I 
 do therefore both in compliance with your Request and in pursuance of the advice of 
 my Counsel and that I may show my own readiness on all occasions to do my part 
 towards promoting the welfare and prosperity of your College and removing any 
 Burthen that may have been without cause laid upon it ; hereby signify my consent 
 that whenever the Churchwardens of the s" Parishes shall bring this matter to a Le^al 
 Tryal in Westminster Hall You may be at Liberty notwithstanding the Injunction°of 
 
I729-] ARCHBISHOP SHELDON'S INJUNCTION SUSPENDED. 269 
 
 my predecessor ArchBishop Sheldon to proceed with them in the trying of this cause 
 as freely & without any Eestraint upon that account as if no such Injunction had 
 ever been made. And I do in order to that End suspend the Force o.f that Injunction 
 so that neither you the master and warden nor any of the Fellows or other members 
 of the said Corporation shall be either esteemed to be obliged by it or suffer any 
 Inconvenience by reason of your not observing the same. 
 
 Provided always that if it shall be adjudged upon a legal Tryal that you are obliged 
 to pay the said Stipends mentioned by your statutes to be payable to the said Thirty 
 out members of their severall parishes the Injunction of Archbishop Sheldon hereby 
 suspended shall be revived from thenceforth as in full force and be observed by you 
 as if it had never been suspended at all. 
 
 I am, 
 
 Gentlemen, 
 
 Your very Loving Friend 
 
 W: Cant. 
 Lambeth Jan: 22" 1728/9. 
 
 Upon this tlie churchwardens were left to their legal remedy. They 
 seem, however, either to have failed in raising the funds necessary for a law- 
 suit, or to have been advised against commencing one ; for they allowed 
 the matter to drop, and the question was not revived until the year 1747, 
 when another attempt was made to rehabilitate the thirty out-members 
 under the visitorship of Archbishop Herring. 
 
 On the 4th March 1728/9 the churchwardens signed the accounts, but 
 with the following rider : " Saving all just exceptions to the increased 
 " salary s of the Preacher, Schoolmaster, Usher and Organist." A dividend 
 of £300 was declared, and it was ordered " that for the future the Warden 
 " of this Colledge shall not pay or discharge any Tradesman's Bill or any 
 " sum of mony whatsoever without an Order for that purpose made by the 
 " Master Warden and Fellows, or the major part of them. And that all 
 " agreements made with Tradesmen or others for buying or selling anything 
 " whatsoever relating to this Colledge be entered in a book to be kept for 
 " that purpose. And that the delivery and receipt of all Goods on account 
 " of this Colledge for which ready money is not paid be likewise entered in 
 " the said book." 
 
 It does not appear whether the churchwardens were sufficiently reconciled 
 with the College to accept their three parts of the dividend on this occasion ; 
 but on the next dividend being declared on the 4th March 17|^, it is noted 
 that they were paid their three parts out of 600 for horse-hire, viz. £1. 15s. 
 
 On the 27th June 1729 it is stated in the Private Sittings book, that 
 " Whereas Thomas Brown a poor Scholar of this house is so incorrigibly 
 " wicked that all methods to reclaim him have proved inneffectual, to pre- 
 " vent the ill consequence of such an example, It is thought necessary to 
 " put him forthwith out to a proper master." On the 18th July 1729 the 
 
2 70 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 following order was made as to the introduction of strangers to the College 
 table, and other matters : — 
 
 1. Order'd that whoever shall bring any Stranger to the Common Table, or enter- 
 tain him in his chamber at Dinner or Supper, shall forfeit toties quoties one shilling. 
 Eeserving to the Master or in his absence to the Warden a Liberty to entertain the 
 tenants when they come to pay their rent and to every one of the society the Privilege 
 of inviting a Friend 3 times in a quarter. 
 
 2. That a list of such strangers shall be presented to the Board every Friday night, 
 that a true account may be kept and the Forfeits when they happen entered by the 
 Warden in the extra book and stopt out of the Pensions. 
 
 3. That whoever shall be convicted by y" Testimony of the Gardiner or otherways 
 of abusing his liberty of the Garden shall forfeit his key for that season. 
 
 4. That a Napkin shall be laid in the Parlour every morning at 8 of y° Clock that 
 the fellows may breakfast there only. 
 
 5. That these present orders and the Eules formerly given to the servants be strictly 
 put in Execution. 
 
 On the 7th August 1729 the thanks of the College were voted to Mr. 
 Hume for his labour and care in putting the library into order and method. 
 
 Mr. Hume seems to have asked for payment in respect of this, but the 
 College " humbly conceived that the Proemium which he now demands of 
 "the society," was "not only contrary to his former express declaration, 
 " but to the statutes of the College, without consent or agreement." 
 
 Mr. Hume at this time had received the preferment in the diocese of 
 Lincoln, which has been already mentioned, and was no doubt preparing to 
 leave the College. It seems that he was much absent from it during the 
 early part of 1730, for he was fined for non-residence no less than three 
 weeks in succession, from the 27th February to the 13th March 17fff. He 
 finally resigned on the 3rd July 1730, having been the ruling spirit of the 
 College for nearly twenty-four years.* 
 
 His place was filled up by the promotion of John Hilary, the usher, on 
 the 25th July. Mr. Eushworth was elected usher on the 28th August, 'but 
 refusing to take the oath, his place was declared void on the 4th September, 
 and was not filled up until the 24th July 1731, when Richard Hart was 
 admitted by letters from the Archbishop. Mr. Samuel Tanfield Hawkes 
 was also elected organist on the 20th December 1731, vice, David Cheriton 
 resigned. 
 
 On the 4th March 1730/1 the Warden repaid into the College funds the 
 sum of £7. 10s., which had been charged for the gowns of the thirty out- 
 members in 1727, mth the remark, " The outmembers not beinff clotbpd 
 " in 1727, returned into stock by J. A." ^ 
 
 The Register of this year, 1731, records the burial at Dulwich of "M' 
 " Anthony Bohemet y° famous Tragedian" on the 10th January 1731/2, 
 
 ! Extracts from Mr. Hume's letters and journals will be found in the second volume 
 
 t Macklin, who remembered him, said he was a mannerist, and much overrated as an actor. 
 
I734-] PECULATIONS BY THE WARDEN. 271 
 
 John Egleton,* "a player," having also been buried on the 19th February 
 1727/8. 
 
 On the 5th July 1731, John Alleyn, the "Warden, died, and WiHiam 
 Allen was elected to succeed him on the 26th July. 
 
 The record of the election states that it was conducted "exactly in the 
 " same manner as the last election was." 
 
 There were ten candidates, the two selected to draw lots being Captain 
 Eobert Allen, aged 60, and William Allen, grocer, aged 54. Captain Allen 
 drew the blank lot, so William AUen was elected Warden. 
 
 On the 5th March 1732/3 there appeared due to the College 
 £621. 18s. ll^d., with arrears £67. 5s., and £600 was divided. This was 
 the largest dividend yet declared, but it seems the Society thought it should 
 have been still larger, as they made the following order respecting arrears: — 
 
 Whereas at an audit held the S"" of March 1715 there was an order made that the 
 warden should take care by all legal means to prevent the tenants from being in 
 arrears for Eent at the Audits. And whereas every member has a Eight to his share 
 or Dividend of all money which is due at the March audit : And it being the duty of 
 the auditors to see that the 12 old people have their right and true dividend. It is 
 now further order'd that the Warden for the time being do take care to prevent any 
 complaints for the future : and that He shall not suffer any of the Tenants to be in 
 arrear at the March audit. And if any shall be in arrear it shall be look'd upon as 
 credit given on his own account, and it shall not be allowed in his accounts, it being a 
 wrong to the Poor and a prejudice to all the Society. And that he have a regard to 
 the Order made the 4'" of March 1728 relating to Tradesmen's Bills &c. 
 
 At the next audit in September, the Court ordered that the College is 
 bound to keep the buildings in thorough repair, without waiting for an 
 audit order. 
 
 Nothing of importance is recorded for the next two years, but in 1734 
 there seem to have been serious complaints of the conduct of the Warden. 
 
 The following entries on the subject occur in the Private Sittings 
 books : — 
 
 Friday May 10 1734. Complaint having been made that y° warden has given 
 orders to y° Cook to make use of the CoUedge provisions towards y" maintaining of y" 
 s'' Warden's daughter and that all y° money paid for y" s^ provisions has been allowed 
 to y' warden in his accounts. It is adjudged to be a fraud committed by y° s* Warden 
 to y° value of 10* for w'" y° society as per 93 statute doe agree that he the s* warden 
 shall for this his first oifence pay I78* and that he shall charge y° same in his next 
 
 account. 
 
 J. Allen, J. Hilaey, Eichakd Haet, Sam'' Hawkes. 
 
 5 Oct. 1734. The Warden having this day given in his accounts and having 
 therein made no charge of the five pounds five shillings which he had received of the 
 * Best Icnown througli L.is wife, who was the original Lucy in the "Beggars' Opera." 
 
272 IIISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 ■widow at the 9 EoUs in the Strand on the 29"" of Aug' last, and being asked whether 
 any body had paid him any money for Bavins more than he had charged himself -with: 
 he affirmed that he had charged all that he had received and it being proved that he 
 had received the s* five pounds five shillings and that he never had accounted for it. 
 It is adjudged to be a willful fraud, and he is therefore fined fifteen pounds fifteen 
 shillings for the same, this being his second offence, and he is hereby ordered to charge 
 himself with the same in his next account. 
 
 J. Allen, J"" Hilaey, Eich" Hart, Sam' Hawkes. 
 
 7 december 1734. The Warden having in his accounts on the 8* of June 1733 
 charged seventeen shillings and 6* as paid for the Book in which the said account is 
 entered: for which Book he never paid anything, either before or since. Wee do 
 unanimously agree that the same is a willful fraud, and that he ought to be punished 
 by being fined three pounds ten shillings for the same according to the statutes, this 
 being his third offence and he is hereby ordered to charge himself with the said fine in 
 his next accounts. 
 
 J. Allen, J™ Hilaby, Eichard Hart, Sam"- Hawkes. 
 
 These matters might have led to further proceedings, but on tlie 8th 
 May 1735, the Warden, William Allen, died, and was buried in the College 
 chapel. 
 
 He was succeeded on the 26th May 1735 by Thomas Allen, of whose 
 election no detailed report is preserved. 
 
 Shortly after the election of the new Warden a dispute appears to have 
 arisen between him and the Master with respect to allowing dancing in the 
 College. 
 
 One of the " Exeat Books " still preserved in the College contains the 
 following entry : — 
 
 19 Sept' 1735. There being a dispute between the Master and Warden about 
 dancing in the College : it is agreed that it ought not to be suffered in the College : 
 and that it is the master's duty to forbid it. 
 
 J. Allen 
 J Hilary 
 Eichard Hart 
 Sam'" Hawkes 
 
 This is signed by the Master, but not by the Warden, and by all the 
 Fellows except Mr. Eichard King, the preacher. The fact of the Warden's 
 not signing this order seems to point to him as the person who encouraged 
 dancing, though, as the Master is described in an inscription under his 
 portrait in the College as " six feet High, Skilful as a Skaiter, a Jumper, 
 " Athletic, and Humane," it would be more in accordance with the pro- 
 babilities of the case had he been the dancer, and the Warden the objector 
 
 On the 4th March 1735/6, the new Warden's first dividend audit the 
 
1 739-] REBUILDING OF THE EAST WING. 273 
 
 sum to the credit of the College was £838. 18s. 3jd., with arrears of £68. 5s., 
 and a dividend of £800 was declared. 
 
 On this occasion the following letter from Elizabeth Burgess, a poor 
 sister, was received : — 
 
 I do hereby surrender all my Eights, Title and Interest to the College of God's 
 Gift Dulwich in the county of Surrey as one of the poor sisters thereof or otherwise. 
 Witness Thos Dodd The mark of X Elizabeth Buegess. 
 
 "W" Seagood. 
 
 This resignation was probably withdrawn, as this poor sister's name is 
 regularly repeated in the College Eegister year by year until 1741, when 
 she is recorded as dying on the 5th May ; and an entry on the same date 
 of the burial of " Mary" Burgess evidently relates to her, a mistake being 
 made in the Christian name. 
 
 On the 2nd April 1738, Mr. Eichard King, the preacher, resigned. It 
 is noticeable that his signature is not attached to any of the extracts which 
 have been quoted from the Private Sittings books. He was married in the 
 CoUege chapel on the 20th June 1738 to Ann Smith, of Kotherhithe, being 
 succeeded on the 28 th April by George Thorpe. 
 
 The College had regularly kept up the half-yearly payments of £20 into 
 the treasury for a repairing fund, as directed by A.rchbishop Wake's last 
 Injunction. It was about this time resolved to rebuild the east wing 
 of the College, and accordingly, on the 11th August 1738, the Warden 
 acknowledged having " received out of the Treasury the 27 payments, 
 " being £540 toward the expence of rebuilding the East Wing of the 
 " College," leaving in the treasury £100, as directed by the Statutes. This 
 £100, however, was also taken out " for the present occasion for Building," by 
 order of the audit of the 4th September 1738, it being stipulated that it 
 was "to be replaced next Audit day," which was accordingly done on the 
 5th March 1738/9, on which occasion also "the college, requiring £700 
 " more for the completion of their repairs," were empowered by the Court 
 to borrow that sum, towards repayment of which £100 was ordered to be 
 set apart at each subsequent audit. 
 
 Evidence of this borrowing still exists at the College in two cancelled 
 bonds, the one dated 24th January 1738/9, for £200, borrowed of Elizabeth 
 Wakeham, spinster, from moneys held in trust for Lady Pitsligo, who was 
 the wife of Alexander, fourth Lord Forbes of Pitsligo, and the sister of the 
 Master of the College ; and the other dated 24th March 1738/9, for £600, 
 borrowed of Samuel Vanderplant, of London, merchant. 
 
 The rebuilding was completed in July 1739, the cost being £3645. Is. 9-|d. 
 
 On the 11th October 1740, Thomas Allen, the Warden, resigned, and 
 on the 3rd November Henry Allen was elected in his stead ; but there is 
 
 VOL. L 2 Jt 
 
2 74 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 again no record of tlie proceedings at the election, or of the previous 
 occupation of the new Warden. 
 
 There is reason to believe that the resignation of Thomas Allen was iiot 
 altogether voluntary, for though the expenditure on the repairs of the 
 College was audited and passed, there appears to have been a deficiency in 
 his accounts at the audit on the 4th March, when it is recorded that 
 
 It having been ordered by the general audit of this day to shew how the sum of 
 £174. 10. 9^. allowed in the account became deficient it appears thus viz*. 
 
 By deficiency in the late Warden's account . . £142 13 1^ 
 
 By a note of Mosely proving bad . . . 13 1 6 
 
 By one ditto of Poster . . . . . 18 16 2 
 
 £174 10 9Jr 
 
 which sum having been paid to me as Cash, is allow'd me back again, not having 
 received any part of them. Henry Allen. 
 
 The dividend at this audit was only £100, though it had been £700 
 and upwards for several years past. A further building expenditure of 
 £322. 12s. was also audited and passed. 
 
 On the 14th August 1741 it is recorded that "A debate arising at the 
 " Private Sitting whether any Person of this Society shall have the liberty 
 " to vote in any case that immediately concerns himself, it passed in the 
 " negative nem. con : upon which M'' Tutty the Usher, standing for School- 
 " master withdrew during the debate." 
 
 This election was in consequence of Mr. John Hilary, the schoolmaster, 
 having been elected preacher in the place of Mr. George Thorpe, who had 
 died on the 7th June 1741. Mr. Tutty was not successful, Mr. Thomas 
 Gregory being elected. 
 
 At the audit on the 4th March 1741/2 there was due to the College 
 £283. Is. 7d., with arrears of £316. 15s. Although these accounts seem 
 to have warranted a dividend, none was declared, this being the second 
 occasion of such omission since their recommencement in 1714; the pre- 
 vious one having been in 1726/7. The sum of £180 was, however, paid 
 towards the building ; it was also ordered that the College be insured for 
 £2000 in the Hand in Hand Fire Office. 
 
 There would seem to have been some disputes amongst the Society at 
 this time, particularly as to whether the Master and Warden alone had the 
 appointment of the servants, or whether the Fellows were entitled to a 
 voice therein. 
 
 The following entry in the Private Sittings books explains how matters 
 were brought to a climax : — 
 
 January 21. 1742/3. By the authority of his Grace the Lord Archbishop Sheldon's 
 
17430 INJUNCTIONS OF ARCHBISHOP POTTER. 275 
 
 Injunctions : We do hire John Davis to be scullion of this College at y* yearly wages 
 of four pounds, provided that after one month's service he is allowed to be sufficiently 
 capable to execute the said place. J. Allek, H\ Allen. 
 
 We whose names are underwritten do protest against the above said Agreement. 
 
 Jn°. Hilary, Thos Gregory, W" Tutty, Sa.m^ Tanf" Hawkes. 
 
 We appeal to the Visitor J. Allen, H'^. Allen. 
 
 Dr. John Potter, previously Bishop of Oxford, who on the 9th February 
 1736/7 had succeeded Archbishop Wake (died 24th January 1736/7), took 
 this and other matters submitted to him into his immediate consideration, 
 as is shown by the following extract from his register in Lambeth Palace 
 Library : — 
 
 Lambeth Palace Wednesday the second day of March 1742/3. 
 
 The Master, Warden and ffellows of Gods Gift College in Dulwich personally 
 appearing this day (pursuant to notice given them) before the Most Eeverend Father 
 in God John by divine Providence Lord Archbishop of Canterbury, Primate of all 
 England and Metropolitan Visitor of the said College having the Eight Worshipfull 
 the Dean of the Arches the Vicar General and Master of the ffaculties as assessors his 
 Grace directed the several papers they had respectively presented to him to be 
 publickly read and having maturely considered what they had offered in support of 
 them. 
 
 First his Grace having considered that part relating to Archbishop Sheldon's 
 Injunction whereby the Master and Warden are impowered to make the best and 
 cheapest Agreement with the Servants mentioned in the said Injunction did declare 
 it as his Opinion That the said Archbishop Sheldon did thereby intend That the 
 master and warden should have the appointment of the said Servants. 
 
 Secondly. His Grace upon the joint Eequest of the said Master Warden and 
 ffeUows was pleased to direct that over and above the allowance of Two hundred 
 faggots to each of the Twelve poor people there should be added Two pence a day to 
 each of their Pensions to be paid them as their other pensions are except in such years 
 when there shall be a ffour hundred pounds dividend or more. 
 
 Thirdly. His Grace in Order to Answer the Intention of Archbishop Wake's 
 thirteenth Injunction relating to the twelve poor Children to be taught by the School- 
 master and Usher upon Account of the addition made by him to their respective 
 Salaries did direct That in case there shall not be found twelve poor children within 
 the Liberties of Dulwich so qualified as directed by the said Injunction, the same 
 shall be supplied by poor children out of any of the adjacent parishes. 
 
 After which His Grace having ordered several of the statutes relating to the School 
 to be read to the said Master, Warden and ffellows and observing to them that for a 
 f reat number of years no Scholars had been sent to the University from that school 
 according to the directions of their statutes admonished the Master and Warden to 
 take effectual care that the School Master and Usher should carefully perform their 
 several Duties ia Order that by a greater proficiency among the Scholars the Direction 
 of the Statutes might for the future be complyd with. 
 
 All which I attest. 
 
 Tho. Parry Actuary assumed 
 
 Notary Publick. 
 
2 76 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 At the audit on the 4th March 1742/3, the Master addressed the fol- 
 lowing letter to the Courtj complaining of his not having received keep for 
 his horse : — 
 
 Gentlemen, 4 March 1742/3. 
 
 The reason why I did not keep an horse or man at the Colledge Charge for 10 
 years & \ before the late Injunctions were made ; was, because the 4 ffellows, and the 
 12 old people, had no additions, and it would lessen their right Dividends ; & there- 
 fore I forgave £68. 5. which I might have had, for my mans wages, & also £84. for 
 10 years & \ for keeping an horse to X™". 1724, which was the time when the Injunc- 
 tions were made, in all £152. 05. 0. But since X""". 1724 the 4 ffell'. have had 26' p 
 ann. additional salareys, & the W° an horse ; which being taken out of the Comon 
 Stock has thereby lessened my Dividends, above 70"; and therefore I ought to have 
 my allowance for the keeping of an horse ; as well as the Ifellows have additional 
 salareys ; or else I shall have above 70'. less than my due ; & all are settled by the 
 same Injunction and therefore I demand my allowance for keeping an horse; and 
 there is due to me, for 13 years, from Xmas 1724 to Xmas 1737 at 8" p ann 104". 
 which added to £152. 5. makes 256". 05'. 0*. all which I might have had ; if I would 
 have accepted of it : but I never desir'd it ; and if I had been used with good manners, 
 I should not have asked for any allowance since : but I think, I have no reason to 
 give away my right, for being ill used ; and they have no reason to expect, that I 
 should give up my allowance for an horse ; without money, hay, or good manners ; and 
 therefore I now demand 40", by me paid for hay for one of my horses, for the 5 years 
 last past; due at Christmas last 1742 (being 4 loads pr ann: at £2 per load) & I 
 desire no more than the s* 40' above mentioned, in full satisfaction for £256. 05. 00 
 which I could now demand if I would ; and I hope. Gentlemen, that you wUl think it 
 a very reasonable demand, and order it to be paid (not with ill words) but with good 
 money, and I desire to have my allowance settled for my horse keeping for the time 
 to come ; to prevent any disputes for the future. This I referr to the Auditt, to be 
 determined by them, as p. 94 Statute. J. Allen. 
 
 In consequence of this letter it was ordered " that the Master be allow'd 
 " £40 in consideracon of his keeping his horse for 5 years past, and that he 
 " be allowed 4 load of hay pr annum to keep his horse for the future." 
 
 On the 18th May 1744, Mr. Tutty, the usher, having been fined un- 
 justly, as he considered, for absence, wrote the foUowins; resignation in the 
 " Exeat Book":— 
 
 " I resign all my Eight to my fellowship in Dulwich College, and do 
 " hereby permit the Master, Warden and Fellows of the said College to 
 " proceed to a fresh election and do heartily wish that they may elect such 
 " a Person who will advance the Happiness of the College by promoting 
 " the peace and unanimity thereof. " "W. Tutty " 
 
 On the 28th June the College elected in consequence Mr. Thomas 
 Waterhouse to succeed Mr. Tutty, and as will appear subsequently, it can 
 hardly be said that peace and unanimity were thereby promoted. 
 
1 746-] DEATH OF THE MASTER, JAMES ALLEN. 277 
 
 On the 8tli February 1744/5 Henry Allen, the Warden, died, being 
 buried iu the chapel, and on the 25th February Joseph Allen was elected 
 in his place. 
 
 The record of the election is preserved, and states that besides nine or ten 
 that withdrew there were six candidates, viz., John Allen, timber merchant, 
 John Allen, founder, Thos. Allen, vintner, Kobert Allen, "linnen merchant," 
 Joseph Allen, surgeon, and Charles AUeyn. 
 
 The two selected to draw lots were Eobert Allen and Joseph Allen, and 
 " Robert drew first and twas the blank, so Joseph Allen was warden." 
 
 At the audit on the 4th September 1745 it was announced that the 
 whole building account was paid off, and £100 was again placed in the 
 treasury chest. On the 28th October 1746 James Allen, the Master, died, 
 and was succeeded by the lately elected Warden, Joseph Allen. 
 
 James Allen had in his lifetime, viz. on the 31st August 1741, made 
 over to the College six houses situated near Kensington Gravel Pits, and 
 then producing £21. 6s. per annum, " to the intent that they and their 
 " successors should for ever apply the rents issues and profits of the pre- 
 " mises (except £5 alotted to the Master for his trouble, and £1. 6. for a 
 " treat to the tenants) towards finding and providing a schoolmistress or 
 " mistresses to be resident in Dulwich for the instructing and teaching such 
 " and so many poor boys to read, and so many poor girls to read and sew, 
 " as to the master should seem meet, such boys and girls to be children of 
 " poor people, resiants and commorants in the town of Dulwich aforesaid, 
 " or within one mile thereof, such boys and girls to be taught and in- 
 " structed, and the Schoolmistress to be respectively of such ages, and 
 " qualified in such manner, as to the said master should be thought fit, and 
 "to be nominated and appointed, placed and displaced at the will and 
 " pleasure of the said master, provided that the master for the time being 
 " should have the oversight and care and the letting and setting of the 
 " premises and collecting the rents, and also the inspection of the charity ; 
 " and that he should make such rules and orders for the better regulation 
 " thereof as to him should seem meet." * 
 
 This school was restricted by Act of Parliament in 1857 to girls, and is 
 now known as "James Allen's Girls' School," having (1888) 234 pupils, 
 paying each a fee of six guineas per annum. The income of this school, 
 exclusive of fees, was in the same year, £350 from the Kensington property 
 and £500 from the general funds of the estate governors. The new school- 
 house (opened 1887) cost £5600. The playground extends to about 2^ 
 acres. 
 
 • Further particulars as to this school will be found in Chapter XIX. 
 
[ 27S ] [a-° 
 
 CHAPTER X. 
 
 THE COLLEGK BETWEEN 1746 AND 1775. 
 
 Joseph Allen having become Master on the 28th October 1746, an 
 election of Warden took place on the 17th November. The candidates 
 were : — 
 
 James Allen, St. Paul's School; Thomas Allen, vintner; Alexander 
 Allen, Wanstead School ; August Allen, 3rd Troop of Horse ; John Allen, 
 a Founder (who was also a candidate at the last election) ; Benjamin Allen, 
 hosier ; James Allen, malt factor ; Thomas Allen, peruke maker ; and 
 Thomas Allen, " linnen draper." 
 
 John Allen, the Founder, obtained nine, and James Allen, the malt 
 factor, seven votes ; and James Allen, as the elder, drawing first, drew 
 God's Gift, and was elected.* 
 
 At the new "Warden's first audit, on the 4th March 1746/7, the balance 
 in favour of the College was £611. 16s. 9|d., with arrears of £205. 7s., and 
 a dividend of £600 was declared. 
 
 Though the churchwardens had not thought fit to bring the matter of 
 the thirty out-members before a court of law, they had not abandoned the 
 claim, having presented a petition on the subject to Archbishop Potter, but 
 he died on the 10th October 1747, while the question was pending. 
 
 On the accession of Dr. Herring, Archbishop of York, on the 27th 
 October 1747, they presented a new petition, the material parts of which 
 are as follows : — 
 
 That in the year 1664, the then Archbishop of Canterbury visitor of the said 
 College at a visitation then held had (amongst other things) confirmed to the 30 poor 
 people, outmembers or pensioners, their offices and priviledges and ordered that they 
 sliould have the Clothing and Weekly allowance of 6^ a week as by the ffotindera 
 statutes are Directed, upon which occasion his Grace then observed that the said 
 Allowances had not for some time been paid but being fully satisfyed that the same 
 were works of Great Charity and publick benefitt; and that it was the founders 
 intention they should be paid ; His Grace ordered the said Allowances to be made 
 and so to continue for ever after. Accordingly the said pensions and allowances have 
 been duly made and paid untill the year 1726 or thereabouts, since which time they 
 
 * In Chapter XVI. will he found a record of the extremely heavy dinner provided on this 
 occasion hy the new Warden, in accordance with Statute 19. 
 
I747-] PETITION TO ARCHBISHOP HERRING. 279 
 
 have not received any pensions. Gowns, or any other allowances from the said College, 
 notwithstanding the plain Intention of the ffounder and the Express order of the 
 Visitor in the year 1664 and ndtwithstanding the Eevenues of the College are greatly 
 Increased and the Eents of the said Estate, which formerly were about £800 per ann. 
 now amounting to £1100 p. ann. and upwards. 
 
 That your Pet" and their predecessors the late Churchwardens or some of them 
 have applyed to the present Master, "Warden and Fellows of the said College on 
 behalf of the said 30 poor out members or pensioners, To have their pensions and 
 Gowns paid and allowed them according to the provision of the said statutes. But 
 they refused to comply with your Pet" request (notwithstanding the Oath they took 
 at the time of their Admission faithfully to keep and observe the said statutes). The 
 said Master pretending that the College had been advised that as the Founder had 
 before the Date of the statutes conveyed all his Lands and premisses mentioned in 
 the said Letters Patent to the Use of himself for Life and after his Death to the Use 
 of the then Master, Warden, 4 fellows, 6 poor brethren, 6 poor sisters and 12 poor 
 scholars of the said College and their successors he could not afterwards by his 
 statutes, order or appropriate any part of the Eents or Eevenues of the said premises 
 to the 30 poor people called out members nor add any other members to the Corpora- 
 tion : and the said Master also pretended that it had been decreed by the Court of 
 Chancery the 4*'' April in the 1" year of his present Majesty's (George II.) reign that 
 the said 30 poor people had no Eight to the pensions and Gowns ordered them by the 
 statutes. 
 
 That your Pet" upon having the said Decree Inspected are well advised that that 
 Decree was only to establish the assistants Eight, which the Master, Warden and 
 Fellows then attempted to set aside and that the same in nowise related to the 30 
 poor People Out members or pensioners nor was their Eight as your Pet" are informed 
 at that time nor till some time after the said Decree Disputed or Questioned by the 
 said CoUege and your Pet" are advised that In case the Eight of the said 30 poor 
 people had been in question in that cause there is good reason to beleive that their 
 riwht as well as the Eight of the s* assistants would have been established as they 
 both claim under the statutes and Ordinances made by the said M' Alleyn the 
 ffounder. 
 
 Your Pet" therefore humbly pray your Grace to take the premisses into con- 
 sideration and to order the master warden and ffellows of the said College to pay and 
 allow to the 30 poor people out pensioners of the said College and their successors out 
 pensioners for the time being their pensions and Gowns and other allowances accord- 
 ing to the provision of the Statutes together with the arrears thereof, or to Grant them 
 such other relief in the premisses as your Grace in your great wisdom shall think fitt. 
 
 And your Petitioners shall ever pray &c. 
 
 Henet Downer ) Ch. Wardens of John Baeatty \ Ch. wardens of 
 W" Love j S' Botolph. J^° Meakin J S' Saviours Southwark 
 
 EoB^ DuEEANCE ) Churchwardens of 
 
 Jon* Gkaves J S* Luke Middlesex. 
 (Lambeth MSS. vol. 1118, No. 27.) 
 
 To this petition the College replied at great length, reciting the letters 
 patent of King James L, the deed of foundation, and many of the statutes, 
 
28o HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 and contending that the Founder was " not empowered by law " to make 
 these thirty out-members pensioners. The reply further said 
 
 That the said Edward AUeyii died soon after making his said statutes to wit some 
 time in November 1626 and the said statutes so far as related to the adding any new 
 members being at that time thought illegal and contrary to the Letters Patent and 
 Deeds of Foundation and Uses the six Jun' Fellows mentioned in such statutes never 
 were either in the hfetime of the Founder or afterwards named elected or admitted 
 into the Corporation, nor were any of the thirty members mentioned in the said 
 statutes admitted to receive any Pensions Benefit or Maintenance from the said 
 College (except only ten from the Parish of S' Giles Cripplegate, now S' Luke, and 
 they only for one year to wit 1627) until the year 1669 when his Grace Archbishop 
 Sheldon having held a visitation of the said College was prevailed with to introduce 
 them, not upon the Foot of Eight but Charity as may appear by his Injunction dated 
 9'" October 1667, whereby he declared that the same being a work of Great Charity, 
 thirty Poor Persons being ten from each of the said three Parishes shall from and 
 after Lady day 1669 have each of them Weekly 6* to be paid them out of the 
 Eevenues of the said College according to the said Statutes. 
 
 Eeference is then made to the Injunctions of Archbishop Wake, who, 
 
 for preserving the Ballance intended by the Founder was content to allow and did 
 allow the three upper Churchwardens of the said Parishes to act as Assistants and to 
 have the usual Allowances out of the Eevenue of the College, and state that the 
 churchwardens thereupon preferred a bill in chancery against the CoUege which was 
 heard on the 5'" April 1728 before the then Lord Chancellor King when his lordship 
 was pleased to declare that Edward AUeyn the Founder could not by his Ordinances 
 and statutes of the 29'" of Sept' 1626 add any Persons to the Corporation or make 
 any new Person a Member of the Body corporate but that he could appoint Assistants 
 to the Corporation. 
 
 The Corporation being thereby more firmly confirmed in their opinion that the 
 Founder could not by the Statutes of Sg"" Sepf 1626 add the said Thirty Persons as 
 Members to his Corporation or that the said Thirty Persons had any legal right to 
 any Distributions or Shares of the Eevenues of the Lands and estate settled by the 
 Deed of 24'" April 1620, did desist from paying the same and on Information that 
 the then Churchwardens of the said Parishes were concerting means to bring the 
 Eight of these Payments to a legal Determination they did by the Advice of Council 
 apply to D' "Wake the then Archbishop of Canterbury for leave to defend their Eights 
 notwithstanding the former Injunction of ArchBishop Sheldon, and Archbishop "Wake 
 was pleased by his letter dated 22'^ January 1728/9 in compliance with such their 
 request and in pursuance of Advice of Council with whom he had consulted there- 
 upon, to signifie his Consent that whenever the Churchwardens of the said Parishes 
 should bring this matter to a legal Tryal in "Westminster Hall, the Master Warden and 
 Fellows of the said College should be at Liberty notwithstanding the Injunction of 
 Archbishop Sheldon to proceed with them in trying such Cause as freely and without 
 any Eestraint on that account as if no such Injunction had ever been made and in 
 Order to that end did so far suspend the force of that Injunction. 
 
 The Churchwardens of the said Parishes have not as yet thought fit to brine this 
 Matter to a legal Tryal at law which Archbishop Wake signified to the College by his 
 
^747-] THE ANSWER OF THE COLLEGE. 281 
 
 said Letter was the best directioa for all Partys to follow to put an end to all disputes 
 about that matter. 
 
 It is then pointed out that the Founder himself was sensible that 
 the making the said Additional members was an Imposition on his College as he 
 acknowledged in the appendix to his statutes having imposed a great charge on the 
 said Corporation and gave them in addition to the property conveyed by the deed of 
 uses two leases, the one of the Unicorn Inn in the Borough, and the other of certain 
 tenements called the Bell, the Barge, and the Cock, but that these two leases never 
 came to the Possession of, and never were enjoyed by the college.* 
 
 It is represented that although the revenues of the College are increased, 
 the cost of " all necessarys of life " has increased in a greater proportion ; 
 and, finally, the Visitor's attention is called to the fact that the members of 
 the College are bound by their oaths "not to alter or change the Founda- 
 " tion," which they apprehend the adding of thirty out-members does 
 materially, and also 
 
 not in any sort to compromise or end any suit but by a Judicial and legal Trial, 
 sentence or Judgement. And they pray that his Grace will be pleased to dismiss the 
 Petition of the said Churchwardens and to refer the said Churchwardens to try the 
 Eight of the Payments they Petition for at Law and to leave the Master Warden and 
 Fellows of the said College at liberty to defend their Eights in regard to such Demands 
 in his Majesty's Courts of Law according to the Laws and statutes of this Eealm 
 whenever the Church Wardens shall think fit to bring any Suit concerning the same. 
 
 The Archbishop communicated this reply to the churchwardens, who 
 wrote a rejoinder or replication, in which they argued at length against the 
 views of the College on the illegality of the statutes granting the pensions. 
 They also 
 
 humbly apprehend that notwithstanding what the College have alleged in their 
 answer to the contrary, that there is good ground to conclude from the wording of 
 Archbishop Sheldon's Injunction That all the 30 out pensioners had been paid their 
 pensions and allowances for some considerable time after the Pounder's Death. For 
 had only Ten of them been paid and that for one year only (as alledged in their 
 answer). It is highly probable That the Archbishop would have taken notice thereof 
 in his Injunction, which he has not done. But sets forth that whereas the allowances 
 of Money and G-owns to the 30 outmembers had not for many years been paid (which 
 Implys they had been paid). And they say as to the letter of Archbishop Wake that 
 they (the College) now pretend that the College obtained in the year 1728, a letter 
 from Archbishop Wake, the then Visitor to suspend that Injunction of Archbishop 
 Sheldon in regard to the payment of the s* 30 pensioners which (as these Eepliants 
 are credibly informed) He but a short time before had ratifyed and confirmed ; and 
 these Eepliants say they never heard of such Letter till some time after the exhibiting 
 their petition or that the same was ever before assigned as a Eeason or Excuse for the 
 not paying the said pensions. 
 
 • These leases were sold by Edward AUeyn's executors, his other property not being sufficient to 
 meet the legacies bequeathed in his will. See Chancery Suit, Worrall v. Alleyn, 1630, p. 106. 
 VOL. i. 2 N 
 
282 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 They argue that the bequest of the leases of the Unicorn, Bell, Barge, 
 and Cock was not made because of the extra charge imposed upon the 
 College, but in fear of a possible diminution of the revenue derivable from 
 the estates, and as the College revenues 
 
 have not decreased but Increased more than a third part in value to what they were 
 at the time of the ffounders decease, These EepKants humbly apprehend that the 
 pensions and allowances appointed by the statutes to the 30 out pensioners cannot be 
 deemed an Illegal Imposition, but a Legal and Equitable Charge upon the Estates 
 conveyed to the Corporation notwithstanding they may not have possessed the Lease- 
 hold premises designed them by the said appendix. 
 
 They further argue that the Injunctions of Archbishop Sheldon were 
 " not the act of y° Visitor but the act and will of the ffounder as may 
 " appear by his statutes," and that these " cannot be thought unjust 
 " especially by those to whom the charity is extended : If not unjust, then 
 " not examinable by the Courts of Law." They end by saying, " and 
 " these Repliants having a full Eelyance on your Graces wisdom and 
 " Justice and Desii-ous to avoid the expence and tedious Litigation of a 
 " law suit which the Master "Warden and ffellows seem fond of, These 
 " Repliants therefore most humbly pray your Grace that their petition may 
 " not be Dismissed but that your Grace will be pleased to hear the same by 
 " Council at such time and place as your Grace shall think fitt and thereon 
 " to give such Relief as to your Grace shall seem meet." 
 
 The Archbishop seems to have consulted Dr. Francis Topham in a some- 
 what informal manner, and the following two letters addressed to him show 
 that Dr. Topham's opinion was in favour of the churchwardens' contention:— 
 
 (Lambeth MSS. voL 1118, No. 29). 
 
 Bath March the 14'" 1747. 
 My good Lord, 
 
 since I did myself the pleasure to write last to your Grace, I have looked over the 
 papers you put into my hands in Eelation to God's Gift College in Dulwich & the 
 petition of the Assistants and tho' in order to have form'd a proper Judgement of this 
 affair It would have been necessary to have perus'd the letters patent, & the Two 
 deeds of M' AUeyn made in the 17'" & 18'" years of King James the first, yet I must 
 content myself with giving your Grace my sentiments on the Papers now before me. 
 
 M' Alleyne could not certainly grant or devise in Mortmain without the Kind's 
 Licence or Letters Patent & therefore in his deeds or Conveyances The Powers granted 
 by these letters Patent must be pursued, which were to found a College & to erect a 
 Corporation to consist of one Master, one warden, 4 Fellows, 6 poor brethren & 6 poor 
 sisters. On this account M'. Alleyne's intended addition of 6 Jun' Fellows or 
 Chaunters which were to have been made a Part of this Corporation could not take 
 effect, neither the Letters Patent nor M' Alleyne's deed to declare the uses of those 
 Estates granted to the College giving him any such power and undoubtedly had the 
 30 poor Brethren, now Petitioners to your Grace as Visitor, been added in this manner 
 to the College, They could not have been receiv'd : But M' Alleyne by his Statutes 
 
1 747-] OPINION OF DR. FRANCIS TOPHAM. 283 
 
 seems to intend this set of people as a Nursery out of whicli to supply and fill up such 
 vacancyes as should happen in 9 out of 12 of the six poor Brethren & six poor Sisters 
 & as this falls in & is consistent with the Original Foundation & with the powers 
 given him to make Statutes & ordinances for the better Governing & maintaining his 
 College, I must confess I should apprehend this appointment of the 30 Poor people to 
 be good. My Lord Chancellor seems to have considered the Creation of the Six 
 Assistants in the same light & the same Eeasons that may be urged on behalf of one, 
 appear to have equal weight in favour of the other. 
 
 Your Grace's much obliged most faithful and 
 
 most affect: Hum: Serv', Tea. Topham. 
 
 In the second letter, dated " Bath, March y^ 19*'' 1747," after discussing 
 the powers of the Founder under the letters patent at considerable length, 
 he adds : — 
 
 In a word : By the Foundation deed, in pursuance of the Powers given by the 
 letters Patent, I apprehend the numher of persons to compose this Society or Corpora- 
 tion was absolutely fixed ; and was Incapable of being altered by any subsequent 
 statutes the Founder might make. But as to the Order, Government and Election of 
 this Society, I still continue to think the Founder had a sufficient power & authority 
 to settle & fix these by his Statutes which the Letters Patent declare to be good & 
 effectual to these Purposes. The Founder has accordingly by his statutes appointed 
 six assistants to inspect the proceedings of this Societj', to vote on certain occasions & 
 to auditt accompts which appointment my Lord Chancellor has held good, & there 
 appears to me the same Eeason for supporting the Founders appointment of the 30 
 Poor people selected & set apart for tlie filling the vacancyes in the College. 
 
 I am aware that the Master & FeUows may urge that it is hard that the Founder 
 should be aUow'd to introduce Two sets of People, as They will call them by his 
 statutes & That the six churchwardens should have in some instances the Controulling 
 votes when it is manifest He only intended they should be in the proportion of one to 
 three. But as I before observed This arises from the Circumstance of the Founder's 
 being incapable by his statutes to add to the number of the Fellows composing 
 whereas he was entirely at liberty to order by these statutes. How this Society should 
 be governed & elected, & might have vested the sole power in the churchwardens, 
 without allowing the Master, Warden, or Fellows any right of voting either Jointly or 
 separately. There may indeed arise some little difficulty how far the Founder was at 
 liberty to declare by his statutes any new use of the Kevenue as this allowance of 6* 
 per week to the 30 poor people may be caU'd, But my Lord Chancellor who had the 
 Perusal of the Deed has not any way objected to the Allowance made for Horse hire 
 expences to six assistants & really In an equitable view & construction I think this 
 allowance may be said to correspond with the original declaration of Uses : But how- 
 ever This objection regards solely the Allowance. Be this as it wiU the letters Patent 
 unquestionably give M' AUeyne Full Power to make rules & statutes for the order & 
 Government of this Society & your Grace as Visitor is to form your judgment & 
 decisions upon these Eules & Statutes & M' AUeyne had as good a Eight to direct that 
 Nine poor Brethren & Sisters should as Vacancyes happened, be Taken from these 30 
 poor people as he had to order that on the death of the Master the "Warden should 
 succeed him or That the Two Senior Fellows must be Masters of Arts in One of the 
 Universityes. 
 
284 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 Your Grace will I am sure observe that I have made use of the Lawyer's privilege 
 in regard to Tautology, having said again & again the same thing in different words, 
 But I was in some measure betrayed into this by a desire of speaking intelligibly to 
 your Grace, for it is too often our misfortune to use many words without conveying 
 much Instruction, which must plead the excuse of 
 
 Your Graces 
 
 most obliged, most faithful 
 
 & most affect, humble Serv'. 
 
 Fea: Topham. 
 
 The churchwardens also obtained an opinion strongly in their favour 
 from Mr. Eobert Bicknell, who advised as foUows : — 
 
 (Lambeth MSS. vol. 1118) 
 
 The case stated as in the Petition 
 
 Q : Therefore (supposing that Edward Alleyn the ffounder could not by his statutes 
 and ordinances add any persons to the Corporation or make any new person a member 
 of the said body corporate) whether the s* Edward Alleyn could or could not by the 
 said statutes Order and appropriate to the 30 poor people as pensioners of the said 
 College such pensions and allowances as are thereby Ordained notwithstanding the 
 Defect or Want of such proviso or power to alter or Eevoke the uses in the deed of 
 settlement of the 24'" of April 18 James the 1" and whether the College in their 
 corporate capacity will not be considered in a Court of Equity as Trustees for the 
 benefitt of the 30 poor people as to the pensions and allowances ordered them by the 
 said Statutes. 
 
 And whether the Visitor may not Lawfully order the same to be paid to them 
 without the Decree of a Court of Equity. 
 
 A: As both the Lres Patent of King James the 1" and the Deed poU of the 13"* 
 of Sept' 1620 appoint the College or Corporation to consist of a Master, a Warden, 4 
 Fellows 6 poor Brethren, 6 poor Sisters & 12 poor Scholars ; I apprehend that M' 
 AUeyn the Pounder could not afterwards make an addition of other members to this 
 Corporation or to be part thereof, But I think that notwithstanding by the statutes 
 viz' the 10'^ 11"" & 42'" Statutes the 30 poor persons whom by the 10* Statute he 
 appointed to be chosen by the Churchwardens of the parishes of Bishopgate S' Saviours 
 & Cripplegate to be members of the said College are called members of the College 
 yet they are not to be considered as properly present members thereof but only as a 
 number set apart out of which the poor Brethren and sisters of the College are to be 
 supplyed and filled up as vacancies shall happen and I am of opinion that M'' Alleyn 
 the ffounder might by his statutes order pensions to these 30 poor people for the time 
 being out of the profitts of his Lands which he settled upon the College notwithstand- 
 ing that by his Deed of the Twenty fourth of April 18"^ Jas. 1" he Declared the fBne, 
 which he Levyed of his Lands, To be to the Use of the then Master Warden 4 fifellows' 
 6 poor Brethren, 6 poor sisters & 12 poor Scholars of the said College & their suc- 
 cessors : for It is certain that notwithstanding the Uses thus declared M' Alleyn the 
 ffounder had still a power of appointing how the profitts should be Distributed or else 
 each of the 6 poor Brethren and six poor sisters and each of the 12 poor scholars 
 would have a Right to an equal share of the profitts with the Master or Warden for 
 by that Deed of the 24'" AprH IS"* James 1" the Estate is Limitted to the Use of all 
 of them and there is no greater share of Eents & profitts appointed to one than the 
 
1748.] OPINION OF ROBERT BICKNELL. 285 
 
 other of them and therefore it plainly seems to mee that that Deed was only to Vest 
 the Legal Estate in the Land and that the Trusts thereof were left to be Declared 
 afterwards which the ffounder has done by the Statutes. And therefore I think that 
 the 30 poor people or outpensioners are by the statutes well Intituled to their Gowns 
 and Pensions according to the provision in the Statutes and that the College are to be 
 considered as Trustees for them in this Eespect and I think that the Visitor has a 
 Lawfull power to Order the payment of their pensions and Gowns without a Decree of 
 a Court of Equity 
 
 EOB'^. BiCKNELL 
 
 Joseph Buer attorney in 3^ April 1747 
 
 Woodgate Street Bpsgate (Endorsed should be 1748). 
 
 (attorney for the churchwardens). 
 
 Notwithstanding these opinions, Archbishop Herring resolved that he 
 would not interfere, but would leave the matter to be decided by law ; and 
 the following is the draft of a letter which was no doubt duly sent to the 
 churchwardens' solicitor : — 
 
 M' Burr 
 
 I am commanded by my L** ArchB' to acquaint you, that he has very 
 maturely considered the Petition of y' Churchwardens of y° several Parishes relating 
 to y° conduct of Dulwich College concerning the pensions of the 30 poor members & 
 not trusting to his own understanding & Judgment has caU'd in y' aid of much more 
 able men : The result of w°'' consideration and enquiry has been that His Grace is 
 determined not to take cognizance of the Dispute between the Churchwardens and y' 
 College as Visitor, but leaves y° matter (if it must be contested) to be prosecuted & 
 adjudged in course of Law. His Grace has sent a copy of this his resolution, now 
 Signified to you to the Governors of the College. 
 
 I am &c. 
 
 Endorsed. Draught in AB"" Herrings handwriting of notice to be given, that he 
 will not interfere in the matter of the 30 out pensioners. 
 
 The Archbishop evidently did not come to this conclusion on the 
 opinions above cited, which were to a contrary effect ; but it appears from 
 the audit book that he also consulted Dr. Bettesworth, the following 
 entry being made under date April 19, 1748 : — "Whereas D' Bettesworth 
 " has desired to see our Letter's patent Deed of Uses and statutes that He 
 " may form a judgment concerning the Petition which th^ assistants have 
 " laid before his Grace of Canterbury in favour of 30 Out members, which 
 " they desire may receive Pensions from our College, We agree that the 
 " Letters Patent, Deed of Uses and Statutes may be left with D' Bettes- 
 " worth. He giving a receipt for the same." 
 
 Again, on the 22nd April 1748, the following entry occurs : — 
 
 Whereas His Grace of Canterbury hf-, -.dut us a copy of a Petition which he 
 received from the six assistants praying his Grace to order Pensions and Gowns to be 
 allowed to thirty outmembers according to our Statutes and the Injunction of Arch- 
 
286 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 bishop Sheldon, as that Injunction has been suspended by Archbishop Wake, and 
 those statutes relative to the Thirty Outmembers repugnant to the Letters patent and 
 Deed of Uses, We think it necessary to give an answer to the Petition and agree to 
 employ a Proctor and retain Council upon the occasion that we may be capable to 
 take lawful measures in our defence. 
 
 Mr. Stevens seems to have been the proctor employed by the College. 
 
 "While this dispute was in progress, it had been ordered on the 4th 
 September 1747 that WiUiam Swanne* of St. Luke's be sent to Christ 
 Church, Oxford, at the age of eighteen, and allowed £20 per annum for his 
 maintenance; and on the 4th March 1747/8 that Edward Bayly,t also of 
 St. Luke's, be sent to Trinity College, Oxford, at the age of eighteen years, 
 with the same allowance. 
 
 In 1749, Joseph Allen, the Master of the College, presented a petition to 
 the Archbishop complaining of the usher, Mr. Thomas Waterhouse, v^ho had 
 been elected on the 28th June 1744. He recited the 30th, 56th, 93rd, 95th, 
 43rd, 44th, 73rd, 76th, 89th, 26th statutes in succession, and proceeded : 
 
 That M' Waterhouse has been very negligent in his Duty in his office of Usher and 
 very irregular on many other occasions and the master of the College on such occasions 
 admonishing him to amend his Behaviour he hath rudely and repugnant to the aforesaid 
 statutes disobeyed and withstood the lawful Commands of the Master, and has often 
 abused him. 
 
 And more particularly on Thursday the sixteenth of March last, notwithstanding 
 the schoolmaster was absent with leave M' Waterhouse neglected his duty and 
 absented himself from the school the whole Day, and on his return in the Evening 
 had particular allowance of Diet by himself contrary to the statute, and on the next 
 day being Eriday the seventeenth of March the Master admonished M' Waterhouse 
 for neglect of Duty and likewise for having particular allowance of Diet by himself to 
 which M' Waterhouse returned the most insolent Language and Behaviour. 
 
 In the evening of the said seventeenth of March at their private sitting an Order 
 was made signed by the Master, Warden and Preacher commanding M' Waterhouse 
 the Usher to be obedient to and strictly to comply with the statutes relating to the 
 schooL 
 
 In contempt of the said Order and statutes the said M' Waterhouse on Monday 
 the seventeenth instant (July) neglected his duty by absenting himself from the 
 school. 
 
 At the Private sittings on Friday last, the master observed to the said M' Water- 
 house his neglect of Duty in absenting himself from the school, and his contempt of 
 the Statutes and Disobedience of the aforesaid Order of the seventeenth of March last 
 and fined him for the same six shillings and eight pence according to the fifty-sixth 
 statute. Whereupon M' Waterhouse abused the said Master in a most virulent 
 manner calling him vile, despicable Fellow, telling him he looked like the Devil, that 
 he was perjured and said many other reproachful speeches, grinning in the Master's 
 
 * ■William Swaane of Christ Church, Oxford, proceeded B.A. 11th October 1751, and M A. Sth 
 July 1757. 
 
 t Edward Bayly does not appear to have proceeded to any degree. 
 
1749-] THE REV. THOMAS WATERHOUSE. 287 
 
 face, and using the most provoking Gestures, tho' at the same time the said Master 
 spoke to him in the most mild and gentle manner, only telling him his Behaviour was 
 inconsistent with that Duty and respect which was due to a Master of that College 
 and commanding him to behave with Eeverence agreable to the thirtieth statute. 
 
 As such the Behaviour of the said M' Wateihouse is not only repugnant to the 
 express Words and Meaning of the Statutes of the said College and greatly irreverent 
 to the Master thereof but also contrary to all Eules of Decency and good manners, and 
 tends to the Total Subversion of the Good order and Government of the said College. 
 
 Your petitioner, the Master of the said College therefore most humbly prays that 
 your Grace wiU be pleased to interpose your Authority, examine into the truth of the 
 Premisses and do therein as to your Grace's wisdom shall seem meet and necessary for 
 the Prosperity and Welfare of the said College, and for the more effectual support and 
 well government thereof. Joseph Allen. 
 
 July 27. 1749. 
 
 The Archbisllop communicated this petition to Mr. Waterhouse, who 
 replied at great length in a document preserved in the Lambeth Palace 
 Library (MSS. vol. 1118, No. 34). 
 
 He begins by expressing surprise at the receipt of the complaint, 
 
 as he Had no kind of notice of it before ; and more particularly when (on perusing 
 it) He found it contained Facts that were greatly misrepresented : that his Behaviour 
 was stigmatiz'd by the most reproachfuU Terms : and that Truth had sufier'd an ec[ual 
 violation with his character. 
 
 As to the charge of absence on the 16th March, he explains that it had 
 long been customary and found convenient that the one day's absence in 
 each week, allowed to the schoolmaster and usher by the statutes, should 
 be reckoned from the noon of one day to the noon of the next, and that, 
 acting upon this custom, he had by arrangement with the schoolmaster (who 
 had an exeat for the 16th) taken his day from the 15th at noon, and 
 returned for afternoon school on the 16th. By an unfortunate accident he 
 was delayed for an hour after the commencement of school ; but " bating 
 " this small delinquency," the duties had been duly performed by the 
 schoolmaster in the morning, and by himself in the afternoon ; and as to 
 the "private diet," it consisted merely in the fact that having " missed his 
 " dinner at the College hour he took a short refreshment of what was left 
 « cold." 
 
 He further explains, that the next day, at dinner, the Master began to 
 reprimand bim for his neglect of duty, when he claimed that he could not 
 be censured, except at a Private Sittings, after a charge had been made, and 
 he had been found guilty by a majority of the Society. The Master, however, 
 asserted that he himself had a right to censure, fine, and expel, independent 
 of the Society, and that thereupon Mr. Waterhouse " only took notice that 
 " he (the Master) mistook the extent of his power, and immediately left the 
 " room to avoid any further insult." 
 
2 88 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 At tlie Private Sittings tlie same night the Master brought an order 
 " ready drawn up and inserted in the book," to the effect that the usher 
 should attend the school regularly, and be obedient to the statute, where- 
 upon Mr. Waterhouse objected that the entry was irregular, no definite 
 charge having been made or adjudicated upon. But, nevertheless, the 
 Master insisted that it should be signed ; and though the preacher was at 
 first disincHned to do so, he signed it at Mr. Waterhouse's request, " that 
 " he would gratify the Master as the whole was quite beside the question." 
 
 As to the alleged neglect of the school on the l7th July, Mr. Water- 
 house replies that, after due performance of his duties in the morning, " he 
 " had engaged himself with a family in the neighbourhood to go to a place 
 " of Publick Breakfasting about a mile distant from the College," and that 
 " a most rapid rain which lasted with the greatest violence till about two 
 " o'clock" prevented his return to the College tUl after the Master had 
 been in the school, and not seeing him there at his proper time had declared 
 he would fine him. 
 
 At the Private Sittings the next Friday, the Master, the "Warden, and 
 Mr. Waterhouse being alone present, the Master produced an order ready 
 drawn up, " which set forth the crime of the usher with a number of 
 " unmerited aggravations by way of Preamble, and concluded with ordering 
 " the warden to stop 6'' & 8*^ out of his next quarterly pension." On this 
 Mr. Waterhouse raised the whole question of the Master's power to fine 
 without the concurrence of a majority of the Society, and finally, as he 
 admits, " with a little too much haste," told the Master he was a 
 " despicable man." 
 
 He then complains of the aggressive and arbitrary conduct of the 
 Master, and calls upon the Archbishop to inquire of independent witnesses 
 as to his character, and the care and assiduity with which he has fulfilled 
 the duties of his office. 
 
 In his replication to the above reply (Lambeth MSS. vol. 1118, No. 35) 
 the Master assures the Archbishop that he acquainted Mr. Waterhouse " at 
 " the very time of his misbehaviour that the matter would be reported to 
 " the visitor ; " denies the custom of " commuting the duties of one Time 
 " with another," and points out that he is " obliged by his office to object' 
 " to such a custom, and also to any of the fellows having ' particular diet.' " 
 He accuses Mr. Waterhouse of inventing the above custom for his own 
 purposes, and of frequently taking his diet in his chamber ; and goes on to 
 argue that the Master alone has the power to fine, and that he acted strictly 
 in conformity with the 30th and 56th statutes. 
 
 Thereupon Mr. Waterhouse obtained from Mr. Hilary, the preacher, 
 who had been a Fellow for thirty-seven years, and from Mr. Samuel 
 Tanfield Hawkes, who had been organist for seventeen years, a certificate 
 
1 749-] MR. WATERHOUSE'S ANSWER. 289 
 
 " that the custom of commuting the Discharge of the College Business of 
 " one morning for the omission of it on the ensuing, when the absenting 
 " Party has leave for a Day, has constantly and immemorially obtain'd, as 
 " no bad consequences have ever fiow'd or (as it is apprehended) can flow 
 " from such a Practice." (Lambeth MSS. vol. 1118, No. 38.) Moreover, 
 a document endorsed " Eepresentation agst the illegal exercise of power by 
 " the Master of Dulwich College," which is not signed, but which appears 
 by internal evidence to have emanated from the whole of the Fellows, was 
 presented to the Archbishop, in which complaint is made that " Notwith- 
 " standing the Fullness and Perspicuity of these statutes (the 93"^ and the 
 " OS''') the Master challenges an uncontroulable and independent Power to 
 " judge of and determine upon the Behaviour and actions of every member of 
 " the College," and " the other members of the Society " have for a long time 
 found " that y* Tjrranny and Opression resulting from his pretensions is 
 " really insupportable. Their ease has been greatly disturb'd by angry and 
 " haughty admonitions and corrections ; their natural and constitutional 
 " Rights and Liberties taken from them by unnecessary and arbitrary 
 " Restraints ; and they are continually in Danger of being disseized of their 
 " Freehold by the same lawless Procedure unless these greivances are 
 " redress'd by superior authority, and their constitution restored to its 
 " original Form." 
 
 " As things stand at present," the document asserts, " the members of 
 " the College have no steady Eule to govern themselves by ; but are 
 " entirely subject to the Will and Discretion of the Master, whose Inter- 
 " pretations of y' Statutes (they have reason, to think) have been sometimes 
 " erroneous, and at other times contrary to the letter and Tenor of the 
 " statutes. By this means they have often been at a loss to know how to 
 " act ; have lived in perpetual Terrors and apprehensions of his Threats and 
 " censures (which are generally deliver'd in the roughest Terms) and have 
 " hitherto submitted to Mulcts and other Punishments which they deem to 
 " be irregular and oppressive." 
 
 Mr. Waterhouse further presented a paper endorsed by the Archbishop, 
 " Instances of undue exercise of pow^er by the Master of Dulwich College, 
 " particularly over the Usher." (Lambeth MSS. vol. 1118, No. 37.) 
 
 In this he sets forth that "on Monday October y' 12*^ 1747, he took 
 " his Weekly absence, but as the Business He went upon might detain him 
 " longer," desired the schoolmaster to take him out an exeat for one day, 
 " in case he did not return at a proper time for doing y^ Business of his 
 " office." The schoolmaster accordingly did so, the exeat being signed by 
 himself, the preacher, and the organist ; but upon Mr. Waterhouse's return 
 the Master ignored the exeat, alleging that it ought not to have been issued 
 during absence, and although the very preceding exeat had been signed 
 ^VOL. I. 2 
 
290 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 by himself under precisely similar circumstances, proceeded to fine him tlie 
 sum of five shillings. 
 
 Again, on one Sunday morning, Mr. Waterhouse went into the parlour, 
 where the Master was sitting, to put on his surplice just before prayers, 
 and taking ofi" his hat at his entrance, put it on again while he put on the 
 surplice. Thereupon the Master " immediately step'd up to him with great 
 " Haste and looks of Eesentment, and told him that as long as he was in 
 " his presence he should keep his hat ofi", and if he did not. He would fine 
 " him and expel him." In the afternoon Mr. Waterhouse sent one of the 
 schoolboys for his surplice, but the Master " immediately followed the boy 
 " with y° surplice and before the Warden, Fellows, Boys, Servants, and 
 " Part of the Congregation said with a menacing look and tone of voice, 
 " that he insisted upon the Usher's pulling ofi" his Hat, bid the Preacher 
 " and others take notice of what he commanded and told the Usher that it 
 " should be at his Peril if he persevered in keeping it on." " For this," 
 adds Mr. Waterhouse, he " had nothing to plead, not even from Custom. 
 " In the preceding master's time (who really was a gentleman by birth and 
 " Education) every one of the Fellows conversed w*"* ease and familiarity 
 " w**" Him without ever observing j" ceremony above insisted upon ; or his 
 " ever thinking it a proper Peice of Eespect, to be claimed by one in his 
 " ofiice. The present Master had accidentally heard that this was a 
 " customary peice of respect from y* fellows of Oxford or Cambridge to y" 
 " Head of their respective colleges and from thence conceiv'd he had a 
 " right to demand the same." 
 
 Again, on a Sunday afternoon, after chapel, Mr. Waterhouse gave leave 
 to one of the boys to go out of the College to see his parents, and on his 
 return the Master reprimanded him severely for having been absent without 
 leave, and beat him for the same; and on the next morning came into 
 the parlour where the usher was breakfasting, and " w*'' looks of vehement 
 " Eesentment asked him how he dared to give any of the Boys leave to be 
 " absent. The Usher pleaded custom and y^ propriety of having it in his 
 " power to encourage merit by such little Indulgencies." But the Master 
 replied " that he was an impudent and an insolent Fellow with many other 
 " expressions of Indignity and contempt." 
 
 On another occasion Mr. Waterhouse brought a gentleman, the son of 
 Sir William Billen, into the College garden to angle in the pond, whom the 
 Master told that if he fished there he would break his rod for him. 
 » -p^g^^^' °^® ^^y *^® \i&\^-s, " having observed a total abstinence from 
 " Flesh meat for some time, on account of a violent Inflammation and weak- 
 " ness m his eyes," came to dinner, and " finding that there were neither 
 " vegetables nor pudding there, bid the Butler bring him in a little milk. 
 " The master immediately observed that what was before him was the 
 
'7S2-] DEATH OF THE WARDEN. 
 
 291 
 
 "^ College provision and that if he had anything else, it must be at his own 
 " expence : that if he had what he ask'd for it would be having separate 
 " Diet by himself contrary to the 89*" Statute, and that he would not 
 " admit it." 
 
 No record remains of the Archbishop's decision in this matter. But Mr. 
 Waterhouse remained in his office of usher until the 25th June 1751, when 
 he resigned.* 
 
 For several succeeding years there is but little to record from the 
 College annals. On the 4th September 1750, it was ordered " that there 
 " shall be a clause in every lease to prohibit the Feeding of an ass upon the 
 " Common." And on the 4th March 1751/2, it was ordered " that £20 per 
 " annum be laid by toward a new Organ." 
 
 On the 24th June 1752, James Allen, the Warden, died ; and at the 
 consequent election of a new Warden, which took place on the 13th July, 
 the candidates were James Allen, schoolmaster, who was a candidate at the 
 last election ; John Allen, founder, a candidate at the two last elections, 
 and who was selected to draw lots on the last occasion ; Thomas Allen, 
 linen draper, also a candidate at the last election ; Thomas Allen, peruke 
 maker, likewise a candidate then ; John Allen, a surgeon ; Thomas Allen, 
 vintner, a candidate at the last election ; Peter Allen, vintner ; John Allen, 
 cooper ; and John Allen, staymaker. 
 
 John Allen, the founder, and Thomas Allen, the linen draper, received 
 nine votes each ; and the former, being eldest, drew first, and drawing the 
 blank lot, Thomas Allen was elected and proclaimed Warden. 
 
 The dinner, which was of the usual heavy character, cost £13. 19s. 9d. 
 
 On the 21st April 1752, Mr. William Swanne, of Christ Church College, 
 Oxford, who had been a poor scholar, and had been sent to Oxford in 1747, 
 claimed his right under Statute 62, and was admitted schoolmaster in the 
 place of Thomas Gregory resigned, without drawing lots. 
 
 In 1752, by Act of Parliament, the year which had previously com- 
 menced on the 25th March began on the 1st January, and twelve days were 
 omitted, the day succeeding the 2nd of September being reckoned the 14th. 
 There was consequently no 4th of September, and the audit, which should 
 have been held on that day, was held on the 15th September. 
 
 On the 4th September 1753, it was ordered that the Founder's arms, f 
 
 * The following is quoted from Mr. Warner's Catalogue of Dulwich MSS. Int. p. viii. : — 
 " William Oldys, who wrote the life of Edward AUeyn in the Biographia Britannica, published in 
 " 1747, drew from the Dulwich MSS. the greater part of his materials. His information was not 
 " obtained directly from the origuials, but from a letter addressed to him in 1745 by a 'learned and 
 " ' ingenious member.' To this letter he constantly refers, and its writer, the Eev. Thomas Waterhouse, 
 " who had been appointed usher as recently as 1744, deserves the credit of being the first Fellow on 
 " the Dulwich foundation who showed an appreciative interest in its manuscript treasures." 
 
 t These have always been used as the College arms. 
 
292 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 cast in lead, be placed on the houses belonging to the College in Playhouse 
 Yard. On the 4th March 1758, it was ordered that the £100 and other 
 moneys for the new organ in the treasury chest be invested in India Bonds. 
 On the 17th March in the same year, a pair of stocks was made for the use 
 of the poor brethren and sisters. 
 
 At a Private Sittings on the 3rd August 1759, it was resolved " that a 
 " new organ shall be built and put up in the chapel of the College. There- 
 " fore in pursuance of that Eesolution we have agreed this day with M'' 
 " George England and M' Thos. Whyatt to build a new organ and put it up 
 " in the Chapel on or before the last Sunday in August which shall be in the 
 " year 1760, for the sum of £260, and the old Organ, agreeable to their 
 " proposal delivered in and agreed to by us this day." 
 
 The old organ "is said to have been built by 'Father Smith' i.e. 
 " Bernard Smith who died in 1707." 
 
 On the 10th August 1759, it was ordered that a man named Eichard 
 Branson should be indicted at the next general sessions for an attempt to 
 corrupt the morals of one of the poor scholars. And on the 30th May 
 1760, and again on the 4th December 1761, Dorothy Miller, a poor sister, 
 was ordered to be set in the stocks in the outer court of the College, in 
 punishment for drunkenness. 
 
 Archbishop Herring died on the 13th March 1757, and was succeeded 
 on the 29th March by Dr. Matthew Hutton, Archbishop of York, who, 
 however, lived only one year after his translation, dying on the 19th March, 
 1758, Dr. Thomas Seeker, Bishop of Oxford, becoming Archbishop on the 
 28th March 1758. 
 
 Complaints seem to have been made to him as to the management of 
 the College, and especially that no poor scholars were sent to the Universities. 
 
 He appears to have instructed Dr. Hall to make inquiries, and the 
 following report from him is copied from the MSS. in Lambeth Palace 
 (vol. 1118, No. 39):— 
 
 Report fkom Dulwich College by D'' Hall, May 27, 1760. 
 
 The Master of Dulwich College says, that their estates are let by Lease, usually for 
 twenty one years, according to the improved value, and without Tine : that there is 
 only one exception to this, w"** is at Dulwich where to preserve the manor they have 
 three copyhold estates upon Lives. 
 
 It appears by their Eental w* I saw that the sum total of their Eents in the year 
 1759 amounted to . . . . . . _ £1157 06 
 
 Contingencies arising from Wood &c . . . . 115 19 q 
 
 £1273 5 
 
 In the former of these articles are included their Eents in the City of London 
 amounting to ^^^g ^q q 
 
1 760. J 
 
 ARCHBISHOP SECKEKS INQUIRIES. 
 
 293 
 
 No allowance has been made to Outpensioners for many years ; in consequence, as 
 he inform'd me, of a Decree in Chancery, given in favour of the College and declaring, 
 that the Founder was not impower'd to make such an appointment, it being a 
 departure from his original institution. 
 
 It is twelve years since any Boy was sent from that school to the University, at 
 w"* time two were sent, of whom M' Swanne the present Schoolmaster was one. 
 They were allowed £20 per An. during their stay there. The names of the present 
 Master "Warden and Fellows of Dulwich College 
 
 D' Joseph Allen Master 
 
 M' Thomas Allen "Warden 
 
 Eev. John Hilary A.M. Preacher 
 
 Eev. William Swanne A.M. Schoolmaster 
 
 Eev. George Baker A.M. Eeader 
 
 M' Sam'. Tanfield Hawkes Organist 
 
 After the expences of Housekeeping &c are defrayed a Dividend is made among 
 these and the other members according to proportions settled by statute. 
 The parti' sums in the year above mentioned stood thus 
 
 Master 
 
 "Warden . 
 
 1" Fellow 
 
 2* Fellow 
 
 3^ Fellow 
 
 4*'' Fellow 
 
 Old People 12 . . . . 182 10 each 15 4 2 
 
 Assistants 
 
 The Remainder after this, is laid by for the following year. The proportion 
 directed by statute for the general Dividend and for the Eemainder is 
 Dividend . . 226J- 
 
 Eemainder . . 373^ 
 
 £66 13 
 
 4 
 
 50 
 
 
 
 20 
 
 
 
 20 
 
 
 
 16 13 
 
 4 
 
 16 13 
 
 4 
 
 182 10 
 
 each 15 
 
 5 
 
 
 
 600 being the total number of parts. 
 
 The Master, Fellows &c beside their share in this Dividend have each an old 
 quarterly salary w"'' is enter'd under the general charges of the College but was not 
 specified in Particular. 
 
 The Master however is ready to lay all their Books before your Grace for your 
 inspection, and to answer any further enquiries you shall be pleased to make. 
 
 TJpon this the following correspondence passed between the Archbishop, 
 the Master, and Mr. Swanne, the schoolmaster : — 
 
 (Lambeth MSS. vol. 1118, Nos. 41-44.) 
 
 Draft of Letter from the Archbishop to the Master of Dulwich College. 
 
 Lambeth, July 28, 1760. 
 
 Sir 
 
 The 80'" and 81" statutes of Dulwich College ordain that there shall be always 
 four of the poor Scholars of the said College maintained iu the University and that the 
 
294 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 College shall allow to each of them so much as the Master, Warden & Fellows and 
 assistants, or the most part of them shall think sufficient for their maintenance, to be 
 paid to or for them (quarterly during eight years. I desire to know by an answer^ m 
 writing whether these statutes have been constantly observed in this respect during 
 the Time that you have been Master: and if not, how many scholars have been main- 
 tained by the College in the University in the course of that time, and what hath been 
 allowed to each, and for how many and what years : and why the directions of the 
 statutes have not been more punctually followed : and whether any and what Methods 
 have been taken or are now taking for a more due obedience to them hereafter. Ihis 
 private Inquiry is made in hopes of avoiding a formal visitation. 
 
 Your sincere Friend. 
 To the Master of Dulwich College. 
 
 The Master's reply was as follow^s : — 
 
 Dulwich 30 July 1760. 
 
 May it please your Grace. 
 
 In obedience to your Grace's letter of the 28'" instant, I humbly beg leave to 
 
 observe that the 80'" and 81" statutes of God's Guift College have not been constantly 
 
 complyed with since I have had the Honour of being Master of the said College nor 
 
 can I learn that they ever were or ever could be strictly complyed with since the 
 
 foundation of it. In the year 1718, James Bennet one of the poor scholars was sent 
 
 to the university in Cambridge and was allowed £20 a year during his continuance 
 
 there, but I can't inform myself that any other of the poor scholars was found capable 
 
 of being sent to either of the Universities until the year 1747, January 21", when 
 
 "William Swanne was sent to Christ Church College in Oxford, and was allowed by the 
 
 Master Warden Fellows and assistants £20 a year to the 21" of April 1752, and the 
 
 year following Edward Baily was sent to Trinity College with the same allowance 
 
 where he continued about Two years ; so that there hath been but two poor scholars of 
 
 God's Guift College sent to the University since I have been Master and the Eeason 
 
 (may it please your Grace) why the said Statutes have not been more punctually 
 
 followed in my time is owing to the Incapacity or want of Genius in the poor Scholars, 
 
 who at the age of 14 have been judged incapable of being qualified for the University 
 
 by Your Grace's Predecessors Chaplains; and therefore under such circumstances 
 
 agreeable to Injunction of D' Wake have been taught vulgar Arithmetick, and to 
 
 write a good Hand, and at a competent age have been put out to some Trade suitable 
 
 to such an Education. I have often recommended to the former Schoolmaster as well 
 
 as to the present a proper observance of these Statutes ; and they have assured me 
 
 that they have always paid a strict regard to them by using their utmost endeavours 
 
 towards the education and Instruction of the poor Scholars, but without that success, 
 
 which should literally fulfill the said statutes. I am. May it please your Grace, 
 
 Your Graces most obedient & most humble Serv'. 
 
 Joseph Allen. 
 
 Deaft of Letter from the Archbishop of Canterbury to the Eev" William 
 
 Swanne, Schoolmaster. 
 
 Lambeth, Aug 1. 1760. 
 Sir 
 
 Having understood from the Master of Dulwich College that for several years past 
 no Boy hath been maintained in either University at the expence of the College 
 
1760.] THE COLLEGE REPLIES. 295 
 
 tliougli the statutes direct that four shall be so maiutaiued constantly. I desire to 
 know how long you have been Schoolmaster ; whether you have had no boys under 
 your care that could be fitted for the University ; whether any actually have been 
 litted : and if not whence this hath arisen. 
 
 Your loving Brother. 
 To the Rev* M' Swanne Schoolmaster of Dulwich College. 
 
 Mr. Swanne replied as follows : — • 
 
 Dulwich College, August 4. 1760. 
 May it please your Grace. 
 
 In conformity with your Grace's letter of the first instant relative to the several 
 Questions therein proposed, I have the honour of informing your Grace, that it is now 
 eight Years ago, since I was chosen into the place of Schoolmaster of Dulwich College ; 
 that from that time to the present there has not any Youth been found of suflicient 
 Abilities to be sent to the University : Nor do I say this, My Lord, from my own 
 opinion or that of the Society only but from the opinion & sentiments of your Grace's 
 Predecessors Chaplains, who in this case are always our Judges : And the true reason, 
 why none have been actually sent, arises not, I can safely say, from any Inattention 
 or Want of care in their Teachers, but solely from the Incapacities of the Youths' 
 themselves, whose Understandings have been found incapable of ever making any 
 Proficiency either in Greek or Latin. There is indeed one at present whose capacity 
 has been adjudged fit & proper to answer the design of the founder ; who therefore is 
 intended as soon as of age to be sent to Oxford or Cambridge. 
 I have the Honour to subscribe myself 
 
 My Lord, with the Profoundest Respect 
 Your Grace's most dutiful & obedient 
 
 Son & servant William Swanne. 
 
 This appears to have satisfied the Archbishop, for there is no record of 
 the matter having proceeded further. At the audit of the 4th September 
 1761, the following order was made for a lease of the Mill Pond : — 
 
 Whereas M"" Edward Russel on behalf of Himself and several other Gentlemen 
 have made application to this audit for a lease of the Mill Pond to angle therein pro- 
 posing at their own expence to widen the same, dig it deeper, & rail it, so that the 
 said Pond may be made more regular and capacious thereby becoming more useful to 
 supply the Public with water. Therefore Ordered That a lease shall be granted of 
 the said Mill Pond to M"" Edward Russel for the term of 21 years commencing from 
 Michaelmas next at Two shillings per ann: and under such covenants and Reservations 
 as the Master Warden and Eellows shall appoint provided the said pond shall be made 
 agreable to the said Proposal with Leave to all Subscribers to the same to angle 
 therein and also Liberty for every subscriber to introduce one Person at a Time to 
 angle therein. 
 
 Contemporary correspondence shows that the pond was made 104 yards 
 long and 54 yards wide, at an expense of £100, besides the cost of stocking 
 it with fish. The subscription of each member was £40. 
 
296 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 On the 5th March 1764, William Cotton, one of the poor scholars, was 
 sent to Christ Church College, Oxford, and allowed £25 per annum for 
 eight years, "with all necessary fittings out. He graduated B.A. from Christ 
 Church on the 14th January 1768, and M.A. on the 2nd July 1771. 
 
 On the 4th March 1765, the thirteenth and last payment of £20 for the 
 organ was made, and on the 28th March 1766, the Private Sittings book 
 records that " The Eev* W™. Swanne who hath been formerly admitted and 
 " educated in this college on the Foundation claimed the Fellowship vacant 
 " by the death of the late Eev*. John Hilary agreable to 83'''^ Statute. We 
 " therefore do admit the said William Swanne to be senior fellow of this 
 " college." 
 
 Mr. Swanne had, as already mentioned, been admitted schoolmaster in 
 1752. 
 
 On the 4th September 1767 it was 
 
 Eesolved, that a memorial shall be presented to his Grace of Canterbury the 
 Visitor of this College praying an Injunction of Leave to cut down Timber upon the 
 College Lands the profits thereof to be secured in the public Funds for the rebuilding 
 the West Wing of the College whensoever there shall be found a sum accumulated 
 for that Purpose. 
 
 This was the commencement of the West Wing Fund, which will be 
 mentioned hereafter. 
 
 In 1768 there was a dispute between the Master and the organist, Mr. 
 Eandall. Mr. Randall was, on the 27th February 1768, fined ten shillings 
 by the Master for absence without leave, that being his second offence ; 
 and on the 4th March 1768, the Master made the following entry in the 
 Private Sittings book : — 
 
 Whereas it appears that M' Richard Randall the Organist absented himself from 
 the College on Tuesday Morning and did not return thereto until Thursday Morning 
 following, and notwithstanding he was desired, ordered, and commanded by the Master 
 to stay and hear the statutes read on the said Tuesday, the said Richard Randall in 
 open contempt of the statutes and the Masters Authority replied he would not stay 
 and hear the statutes read let the consequences be what they wiU, and if the Master 
 would not grant him Leave of Absence he would go out from the College without 
 leave. I therefore fine the said Richard Randall Twenty shillings for not beinf 
 Resident on Wednesday last according to the 44"" statute for this his third offence 
 taken notice of, and I do order that the said twenty shiUings shall be deducted from 
 his pension by the Warden. 
 
 Joseph Allen. 
 
 The audit took place on the same day, when Mr. Randall appealed to 
 the Court, and three of the churchwardens, with the three other Fellows, 
 signed the following : — 
 
 Whereas an Appeal came before us this Day relating to a Fine which was laid 
 
1772.] MEMORIALS TO THE VISITOR. 
 
 297 
 
 upon Mr. Eichard Eandall for not being resident last week, We therefore do think it 
 right to remit the said Fine. 
 
 Under this the Master wrote : — 
 
 The Determination of the three Fellows & three Assistants being inconsistent 
 with & repugnant to the Statutes & injunctions the Master protests against it & 
 appeals to the Visitor. 
 
 Archbishop Seeker, however, died on the 3rd August, being succeeded 
 by Dr. Frederick Comwallis, Bishop of Lichfield, on the 23rd August 1768, 
 when the Master, affecting generosity, made a further entry as follows : — 
 
 The Master presented a Memorial to the Visitor, who soon after departed this life, 
 & the Fellows by their Behaviour being sensible of their Error, having never after- 
 wards presumed to be absent without Leave of the Master, he did not prosecute the 
 appeal. 
 
 On the 23rd February 1769, a poor brother of St. Saviour's resigned his 
 rights, in consequence of hearing since his appointment that his wife was 
 alive. 
 
 On the 5th March 1770, George Long, a poor scholar of Dulwich, was 
 ordered to be sent to New College, Oxford. He graduated B.A. on the 
 17th March 1774. 
 
 On the 4th March 1772, it was ordered. 
 
 That £80 shall be piit into the Treasury chest every fourth Day of September 
 towards rebuilding the West Wing of the College when it shall be found necessary 
 and that the Master Warden Fellows & Assistants for the time being may order the 
 said sum or sums that shall be placed there to be put out in Government security in 
 order to accumulate for the said purpose & in the names of the Master Warden & 
 Fellows of God's Gift College in Dulwich. 
 
 In this year the churchwardens made another attempt to reinstate the 
 thirty out-members. The Private Sittings book records, under date 28th 
 August 1772:— 
 
 Whereas his Grace of Canterbury the Visitor of God's Gift CoUege has sent to us, 
 the Master Warden and Fellows of Dulwich College four Memorials which he received 
 from Fayrer Gibbon, W^™ Kay, James Eowles, and the Churchwardens of Saint 
 Saviours Southwark, desiring such answers to the Allegations contained in them as we 
 may judge just and proper after having duly weighed and considered them. There- 
 fore having carefully perused and examined the said memorials we are of opinion that 
 the Intentions of the Memorialists are to subvert the foundation of the Institution of 
 the said College and being inadequate to give such Answers which may be valid in 
 law. We resolve. And it is hereby resolved, to lay the said Memorials before our 
 sollicitor M' Jackson in order that he may prepare answers to the said Allegations 
 which shall be approved by Council before they shall be presented to his Grace. 
 
 Further ordered That M' Jackson do now retain Council in case the Memorialists 
 or any of them should hereafter file their Bill in Chancery against the Corporation of 
 this College. 
 
 VOL. I. 2 p 
 
298 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 At the audit on the 4th September 1772, the six assistants refused to 
 act or sign the books, and withdrew, giving the following reason : — " That 
 " Thirty out Members belonging to the three parishes of S* Buttolph 
 " without Bishopsgate, S* Saviours in Southwark & S* Luke Middlesex 
 " have not been paid the Pensions assigned by the Statutes to the said 
 " Members." 
 
 The Archbishop seems to have rejected the Churchwardens' petition as 
 his predecessors had done, for on the 4th March 1773 four out of the six 
 signed the audit book, and at the succeeding audit on the 4th September 
 all the six signed. 
 
 The other three memorials mentioned in the Private Sittings order 
 quoted above, were from Fayrer Gibbon, William Kay, and James Rowles, 
 of which the two latter culminated in further proceedings at a later date, 
 and will be mentioned again; the case of Mr. Fayrer Gibbon was as 
 follows : — 
 
 The memorialist, after reciting the foundation and many of the 
 statutes, states that he was induced in 1763 to purchase of Mary Andrews 
 the remainder of a lease for twenty-one years, granted by the College to 
 Thomas Andrews, her late husband, in 1757, of a farm of 174 acres, at 
 £165 per annum. On taking possession, he found the premises very 
 ruinous, having been much- neglected by Mr. Pinkard, the tenant previous 
 to Andrews. On the second night of his residence the brewhouse fell down, 
 and the chimney fell into his bedroom. This, he alleges, the College is 
 answerable for, as, in accordance with the statutes, the premises ought to 
 have been surveyed every year at Easter. Upon his writing to the 
 College, the Master came personally to answer, and admitted the ruinous 
 condition of the premises, but denied any responsibility, as he (Gibbon) 
 had purchased the lease with his eyes open, but recommended Gibbon to 
 purchase a dwelling-house which one Lee, an under tenant, wished to sell, 
 assuring him that he would alv,^ays be left in possession of it. The purchase 
 was made for £500 and sundry reductions in rent. Gibbon wrote several 
 times to the College, asking for timber to rebuild the offices of the old 
 house, but received no answer. In 1766 Gibbon let, with the consent of 
 the College, 11 acres of land to Luke Lightfoot, who agreed to expend 
 £500. On the 29th March 1766, Gibbon applied by letter to be allowed 
 timber to be used for repairs ; but no answer was returned, and the season 
 for repairing was lost. The Master and Gibbon also had altercations 
 respecting fishing in the pond. On the 10th November 1766, Gibbon 
 applied by letter to be allowed to let 11 more acres of land to Lightfoot, 
 when the College intimated that the lease would not necessarily be 
 renewed on the same terms, but that the land would be let to the highest 
 bidder ; and four days afterv/ards he was served with notice to repair his 
 
'772-] FAYRER GIBBON'S MEMORIAL. 
 
 299 
 
 premises. Gibbon then had the premises surveyed, and in January 1767 
 received an estimate of the repairs necessary, amounting to £649. 16s. 
 On presenting this to the College, he was told to rebuild, and that he 
 might depend on the honour and faith of the College that he would 
 be treated as the other tenants were. Gibbon proceeded to pull down 
 and rebuild the premises, the Warden of the College laying the first 
 brick. In the licence to let 22 acres to Lightfoot the College inserted 
 an extraordinary clause to the effect that at the expiration of the lease 
 the lands would be let to the highest bidder. On the 21st March 
 1767, Gibbon applied to the audit for timber and for a new lease ; on the 
 completion of the house on the 4th May 1767, the College served him with 
 notice to repair the sheephouse and two other dweUing-houses ; on the 
 12th June 1767, Gibbon signed his agreement with Lightfoot. After the 
 repairs were executed. Gibbon applied for a new lease at the audits of the 
 4th March and 4th September 1768, without result; and afterwards in 
 1770 he wrote to the Master at Southampton, who appointed to meet him 
 on the subject at Mrs. Plaw's house, when the Master expressed his fixed 
 resolution not to grant a new lease at the same rent, because he (Gibbon) 
 had underlet at an increased rent. Gibbon enumerated several instances 
 where this course had not been resented by the College, and used other 
 arguments without avail ; and in his memorial adds that he is advised that 
 he has a right to be heard by counsel at the audit, and that the covenants 
 in the College leases are repugnant to the statutes. 
 
 He further states that he, on the 28th February 1767, gave notice in 
 writing of his intention to apply to the Archbishop, and that he attended 
 the audit subsequently held, but got only a verbal refusal to renew his 
 lease. Therefore he prays the Visitor to interfere, that he may have a lease 
 and other remedies. There is no mention of any result of this memorial ; 
 but Gibbon assigned his lease to John Harding, to whom a new lease was 
 granted at £195 on the 4th March 1773. 
 
 About this time the College was interested in a suit in Chancery 
 brought by Mr. Charles Cole as plaintiff against the College, William 
 Waine, John Willes, and Moses Waite as defendants. 
 
 The matters in question were as follows : — William Waine held certain 
 farms on lease from the College, and had mortgaged his leases to Waite. 
 In 1771 he agreed to assign the leases to Cole, in consideration of the 
 latter paying off the mortgage, and paying an annuity to him and his wife 
 during their several lives. The College declined to allow the assignment 
 to Cole, suspecting him of an intention to build small tenements. There- 
 upon Waine, considering the agreement with Cole at an end, sold the 
 leases to Willes, who was accepted as a tenant by the College, and entered 
 into possession. Cole thereupon filed this bill, praying for specific perform- 
 
300 
 
 mSTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 ance of his agreement with. Waine ; and it was decided by the Master of 
 the Rolls in 1773 that the College had no right to reject Cole, and specific 
 performance was ordered, which decree was confirmed, on appeal, by the 
 Lord Chancellor in 1780. 
 
 The decision was a blow to the College, as it had always been considered 
 that under a clause in the leases prohibiting any assignment without 
 permission, any assignee could be arbitrarily rejected, whereas it was now 
 decided that it could only be done on good grounds. 
 
 An endeavour to set matters right was made by omitting the words 
 " or assigns" in the "habendum" of the leases ; but this course led to 
 another Chancery suit with Mr. Charles Maxwell in 1781, after which it 
 was abandoned. 
 
 On the 15th May 1774, Mr. Mark Holberry was elected usher in the 
 place of Mr. Eichard Taylor, resigned, but himself resigned seven days 
 after, because "he had not received the sacrament nor taken the Oath 
 " prescribed for the admission to be Fellow of the College pronounced by 
 " the Warden, which are essentials absolutely necessary and required to be 
 " observed, performed and fulfilled on the Sunday next after the election 
 " by the candidate in order to confirm and make it legal " (Private Sittings 
 book. May 30, 1774). 
 
 Mr. Nicholas Layton was elected in his stead. 
 
 At the audit held on the 5th September 1774, the Warden took credit 
 for £927 expended on the repairs to the College. 
 
 On the 21st June 1775, the Master, Joseph Allen, resigned, inserting 
 the following note in the Private Sittings book : — 
 
 I resign the office of Master of God's Gift College in Dulwich, and I permit M' 
 Thomas Allen the Warden thereof to succeed me in the said office. 
 Given under my Hand this 21" day of June 1775. 
 
 Joseph Allen. 
 
 The cause of this resignation was his approaching marriage to Elizabeth 
 Plaw, who had held a lease under the College since the 4th September 
 1759, and whose late husband, " Mr. Plaw of Dulwich," was buried in the 
 churchyard on the 21st March 1757. She herself was also buried there on 
 the 27th June 1781. Joseph Allen survived her fifteen years. The foUow- 
 ingnotice of his death is from the Gentleman's Magazine for 1796, vol. 
 Ixvi. p. 85 : — 
 
 On the 10 January 1796 after a few days iUness in his SS'* year Joseph Allen 
 M D upwards of 30 years Master of Dulwich CoUege, Surrey. This advantageous 
 and honourable office he resigned to his worthy successor the present master, upwards 
 ot Z5 years ago, on his marriage : which holy state was deemed by the Founder 
 incompatible with the duty of this magisterial chair. T)' Allen was supposed to be 
 
I77S-] RESIGNATION OF THE MASTER. 301 
 
 the last survivor of those who went round the world with Lord Anson.* His conduct 
 in public and private life was most exemplary, he was charitable, just, and liberal, full 
 of information, friendship and benevolence ; and by his will has bequeathed £500 to 
 the Asylum and £500 to the Lying in Hospital. The rest of his ample fortune, except 
 a few friendly and family legacies, he has left to his nephew, M' Eichard Allen, a 
 surgeon of great respectability in the borough of Southwark. 
 
 He also left to the vicar and churchwardens of Camberwell £200 three 
 per cent, consols, in trust for them and their successors, to pay the interest 
 and dividends thereof to the churchwarden and overseer for the time 
 being for the hamlet of Dulwich every year, to be laid out in coals, and 
 distributed amongst the poor housekeepers of the hamlet of Dulwich for 
 ever, in such manner as the churchwarden and overseer for the time being 
 should think proper. (See Charity Commissioners' Report, 24th June 1826.) 
 
 * In a subsequent number of the same magazine this is contradicted, another survivor having 
 been discovered. 
 
[ 302 ] [a.d. 
 
 CHAPTER XI. 
 
 THE HISTORY OF THE COLLEGE, 1775-1805. 
 
 De,. Joseph Allen having resigned, Thomas Allen was sworn in as Master 
 on the 21st June 1775, and an election of a new Warden was held on 
 Monday the 10th July. 
 
 There were seven candidates, viz. William Allen, gentleman usher to 
 the Queen (Charlotte) ; William Allen, of Lord Dartmouth's office ; William 
 Allen, of Doctors' Commons ; John Allen, of Wapping, clerk ; Henry Allen, 
 cloth drawer ; John Allen, grandson of a former Warden ; and Nathaniel 
 Allen, attorney-at-law ; none of whom had been candidates at any previous 
 election. 
 
 William Allen, of Lord Dartmouth's of&ce, obtained nine votes, Henry 
 Allen, the cloth drawer, seven, and John Allen, the grandson of a former 
 Warden, six, and consequently William and Henry were appointed to draw 
 lots, William, being the eldest, drew first, " and as he drew God's Gift, 
 " was duly elected and proclaimed warden accordingly." 
 
 On this occasion the record is silent as to the election dinner. 
 
 The following is entered in the audit book in reference to the security 
 to be given by the new Warden : — 
 
 "Whereas by the 17'" Statute it is ordained that the Warden shall presently after 
 his election and before his admission become bound in a statute of one Thousand 
 pounds to one or Two persons nominated by most part of the Electors then present, 
 the defeazanee whereof shall be that at all reasonable time or times thereafter he 
 yield and make a perfect account of such monies Issues, Eents and Profits which he 
 shall then after his being warden receive and take from out of the Lands Goods 
 Chattels or Profits belonging to the College or which in anywise shall concern the 
 same which statute has been duly observed ever since & William Allen who was on 
 Monday the lO'" day of July duly elected Warden of this said College, and was also 
 ready and willing to have complied with the above mentioned statute and went to 
 John Jackson Esq"^ our steward for that purpose who attended upon William 
 Chamberlayne Esq' the Clerk or Deputy to the Patentee of the office of Clerk of the 
 statutes- stapel,* who said he could not receive or enter up any such statute for that 
 the patentee who had a Life Estate only in that office was lately dead so that it was 
 
 ♦ Bonds were formerly acknowledged before one of the clerks of the statutes-merchant and mayor 
 of the staple or chief warden of the City of London.— Halliwell. 
 
17 75-] DR. JOSEPH ALLEN, EX-MASTER. 303 
 
 Impossible any siicli act could be executed until some new Patentee was appointed 
 which he apprehended would never be done in regard the Pees and profits of such 
 office by means of the non user of such mode of Security were so small it would not be 
 worth any Person's while to renew the patent or Loose time in attending such office 
 and therefore M' Jackson advized that in Lieu and stead of such statute staple and in 
 order as far as might be to answer the Intent of the Pounder and substitute some 
 other sort of security the said warden should Execute a Bond and Warrant of Attorney 
 to confess^ a Judgement thereon to be Entered up in his Majesties Court of King's 
 Bench which has been done accordingly. 
 
 Though the late Master, Dr. Joseph Allen, had not been in great accord 
 Virith the Fellows during his mastership, the whole Society united to do him 
 honour upon his retirement. 
 
 The lease which had been granted to his wife, Elizabeth Flaw, on the 
 4th September 1759, for twenty-one years,* and which, therefore, had but 
 five years to run, was renewed in his name for twenty-one years on the 
 same terms, and it was ordered, " That the Thanks of this Corporation be 
 " given to him in writing as a Testimony of their sense of his many 
 " services done them in the judicious Government thereof, and that he be 
 " desired to sit for his Picture to remain for ever in the said College." 
 
 The picture, which was painted by George Eomney, is now in the 
 Board room of the new College. 
 
 The answer of Dr. .Joseph Allen to the above complimentary resolution, 
 preserved among the College papers, is as follows : — 
 
 Dulwich 10 Sept. 1775. 
 Gentlemen 
 
 My respects and acknowledgement wait on you in the most grateful manner as 
 well for your very obliging order to grant me a lease, as for the veiy Particular Honour 
 that you have conferred upon me by an exalted Testimony given upon Eecord of your 
 approbation of my conduct in the Government of God's Gift College, an additional 
 Honour also in your Eequest to sit for my Picture to remain in the said College for 
 ever. Impresses an Obligation which I shall endeavor to acquit myself of in the 
 course of the summer. This Honorable Testimony and seal of approbation Indulges 
 me in a Wish that I had merited them by past Services. But however that may be a 
 firm and Invariable attachment to the true Interest of God's Gift College by Serving 
 the Corporation at all times hereafter will always be considered and persued as an 
 Obligation of Duty, that shall be religiously attended to. 
 
 Gentlemen your very much obliged 
 and most hiunble Servant 
 Master, Warden, Pellows & Joseph Allen. 
 
 Assistants of God's Gift College. 
 
 At the audit on the 4th September 1775, it was ordered that "Thomas 
 
 * Mrs. Flaw had applied on the 3rd March 1767 for a new lease in consideration of having laid 
 out a considerable sum of money in building a new house. Her letter is still extant. 
 
304 
 
 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 " Evans on having a lease of the Houses and Grounds which he now holds 
 " of this College situate in Bishopsgate shall fix up a stone with such an 
 " inscription, thereon and in such a place as the said Master, Warden and 
 " Fellows shall direct." 
 
 In this year, 1775, the College had some further trouble in respect of 
 the farm fornaerly held by Fayrer Gibbon, who, as has been shown above, 
 had memorialized the Archbishop of Canterbury to procure for him a 
 renewal of his lease, but without result. The lease had been originally 
 granted in 1757 to Thomas Andrews for twenty-one years, and would 
 expire in 1778. This lease had been assigned to Fayrer Gibbon, and he, 
 failing in his efibrts to procure a renewal, assigned the remaining term to 
 John Harding, who in his turn assigned it to Eobert Bulkeley, the 
 tenements held under it comprising, amongst others, the houses called 
 Denmark Hall, and the Crooked Billet, which latter was afterwards called 
 the King's Head, and subsequently the White Hart.* The lease contained 
 the usual clause reserving the timber to the College and other covenants, 
 amongst them one obliging the tenant to build a barn, which had not been 
 done. Bulkeley had also, as the College alleged, " destroyed in the year 
 " 1775, 500 perches of the Fences, and 500 perches of the hedges, and 
 " felled divers trees, to wit, 500 Ash Trees, 500 Elm Trees, 500 Beech trees, 
 " and 500 Oak trees and filled up sundry ditches and a draining pond." 
 
 The College then brought an action of ejectment against Bulkeley, biit 
 having inadvertently accepted rent from him subsequently to its commence- 
 ment, it fell to the ground, and Bulkeley paid the College £30 as costs in 
 consideration of its not being renewed, writing the following letter : — 
 
 London 4 June 1776. 
 Gentlemen, As there appears to be a difference between us, if it is agreeable to 
 you I am ready to leave the matter to your solicitor M' Jackson and to my lawyer 
 M' Eeade, and whatever they determine shall be binding to us both. Or as it is more 
 than probable we must have concerns together for many years, possibly it would look 
 more friendly for a meeting to be appointed at any Coffee House in London between 
 the Master "Warden and I, where as I conceive no injury has been done, I should 
 beleive this most important matter would be immediately settled. To either of the 
 above proposals I agree and leave the choice to you. 
 
 I am, Gent", your obedient Servant, 
 
 rr ..1 Tir , -r-rr •, , EoB''- Bulkeley. 
 
 io the Master Warden, and fellows at Dulwich College. 
 
 In reply to this the College passed a minute at their Private Sittings on 
 the 14th June 1776, in the following terms : — 
 
 We having well considered of the said letter are unanimously of opinion that 
 until the said Eobert Bulkeley has Given us assurance under his hand that he is 
 * This inn stood somewhat south of the present North Dulwich Station. 
 
1 7 2 7-] LAD Y FALKLAND'S LEGACY. 
 
 305 
 
 Avilling to make us such ample satisfaction as is justly due to us for the great Injury 
 he has done to our Estate, The meeting mentioned and Desired does not appear to be 
 for the good and wellfare of this College, as he conceives no Injury has been done. 
 
 Eventually an arbitration was agreed upon, and Dr. Joseph Allen, the 
 late Master of the College, was appointed to act on its behalf, and Mr. 
 Eeade, solicitor to Mr. Bulkeley, on his. Reade, however, failed to attend 
 the arbitration, which was therefore without result; consequently the 
 College brought an action against Bulkeley for damages, which v»ras tried at 
 Guildford Assizes before Lord Mansfield in 1778, and resulted in a verdict 
 for the College, with £150 damages, and costs, which were taxed at £108, 
 and paid by Bulkeley, together with the damages. 
 
 Mr. Bulkeley then consented to restore the farm to its original state, 
 and an agreement was drawn up and is still at the College, but he died 
 without executing it. His father and executor, Thomas Bulkeley, came 
 into possession of the farm, and it would appear that the lease had been 
 renewed or extended, for he was in possession in 1789, when the following 
 order v/as made at Private Sittings on the 6th April : — 
 
 " Whereas M'' Thomas Bulkeley, notwithstanding several messages to 
 " forbid him, has suffered sundry of the Timber Trees and Pollards to be 
 " lopped and topped upon the estate late in the occupation of his son 
 " Eobert Bulkeley nov/ deceased, which is contrary to the lease granted by 
 " this corporation. Ordered that Messrs Parnther and Druce be directed to 
 " proceed according to law against the said Thomas Bulkeley." 
 
 The result of this was that Thomas Bulkeley agreed to an arbitration, 
 and an award was made under which he paid the College £1G0 in full of all 
 claims, and apparently surrendered or assigned the lease. 
 
 On the 4th March 1777, it was ordered "That the sum of £7. 16. 5. be 
 " paid to the Master of this College for cash expended in sundry repairs 
 " made and done in his apartments, upon the Master's engaging at the 
 " same time never in future to attempt or do the like in future without an 
 " order of this House." 
 
 In 1776, Sarah, Lady Falkland, died. She was the daughter of Thomas 
 Inwen, Esq., of Southwark, and married first Henry Howard, tenth Earl of 
 Suffolk, who died in 1745, and secondly, Lucius Charles Cary, seventh 
 Viscount Falkland. She bequeathed £300 to the Master and Warden of 
 Dulwich College, in trust that they should invest the same, and pay the 
 interest in equal portions to the six old men and six old women, pensioners 
 of the said College, part and share alike, on every Christmas Day. * 
 
 The Warden has left the following memorandum on the subject : — " Lady 
 
 * Tliis lecracy merged into the general fund? of the College in 1857. Lady Falkland's portrait 
 hang3 ill the°B6ard-ioom of the new College. 
 
 ° VOL. I. '^^ 
 
3o6 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 " Falkland having left by will £300 in trust to the Master and "Warden 
 " that the principal should be deposited in the publick Funds and the 
 " interest equally applied to the poor Brethren and Sisters every Christmas 
 " and that it should be paid immediately : yet the Legacy was not received 
 " till the 5'^ Sept. 1777, because the executors would not disburse the said 
 " sum till the College seal was affixed to the Eeceipt, to which the Fellows 
 " would not assent unless the £300 was vested in their corporate names, 
 " the propriety of which being shewn by the Attorney General's (Thurlow) 
 " opinion, accordingly it was received, the College seal being affixed to the 
 " Eeceipt on Friday the 5*^ September 1777, and the same day the £300 
 " was vested in the public Funds in the manner following and in the names 
 " of the Master Thos. Allen, W"" Allen, Warden, M"" Swanne 1'* Fellow and 
 " Thos. Williams 2°'* fellow, viz* 
 
 " 5 Sept. Old South Sea Annuities £400 c 76 J £307 
 
 Commission . . 10 
 
 £307 10 
 " Paid myself from the interest rec"^ which makes 
 the cost of the stock equal to the legacy 
 left and received . . . 7 10 
 
 £300 
 "Will" Allen." 
 
 On the 4th September 1778, it is recorded that the Indian Bond which 
 had been purchased with the £100 deposited in the treasury chest had been 
 paid off, and it was ordered that the said £100 be bought into the 3 per 
 cent, consols. 
 
 On the 21st April 1780, it was ordered that a " memorial be Presented 
 
 " to his Grace of Canterbury the Visitor of this College prayincr Leave to 
 
 " cut down such Timber Trees as grow on the West South and South West 
 
 " parts of the College For the purpose of Rebuilding the Barn and Stables 
 
 lately Blown Down. 
 
 • ?"" *^r if ^December 1781, the Eev. Hugh Panton was elected usher 
 m place of Mr. Stow, promoted to be schoolmaster. It is remarkable that 
 Mr Panton had previously filled this office, having been elected on the 
 16th January 1766, and resigned on the 20th November in the same year, 
 ihere IS no record of the cause of his resignation, but on the 31st December 
 1766 he was a candidate for the office which he had just vacated, and was 
 one of the two appointed to draw lots, but was not elected, Mr. Eichard 
 
 Mav I77?r^ ^" ""^^^ ^°'- J^' '^^^ disappears, but on the 30th 
 May 1774 he was again a candidate for the ushership, and selected to 
 
1783-] MAXWELL V. DULWICH COLLEGE. 
 
 3°7 
 
 draw lots, but his competitor, the Rev. Nicholas Layton, was successful. 
 He allowed two elections to be held without competing, but on the 5th 
 November 1781 he was again a candidate for the post of -schoolmaster, and 
 drew lots, once more without success, Mr. Neville Stow being elected. On 
 the above-mentioned 14th December, however, he succeeded in drawing the 
 " God's Gruift " lot, and again became usher, but held the office for barely- 
 more than a year, resigning on the 15th January 1783. 
 
 At the Private Sittings on the 30th January 1782, it was ordered "that 
 " M'' John Vernon of Lincoln's Inn do retain counsel and prepare an answer 
 " to a bill in Chancery filed against the corporation by M'' Charles Maxwell." 
 The circumstances of this dispute as extracted from the papers in the 
 suit were these : The College let to Francis Cox a messuage or tenement 
 then called and known by the name of the Green Man (now called Grove 
 Tavern), with liberty to cut a footway or walk through the College wood, 
 called the 50 acres, fronting the said premises, to the top of Ambroke Hill, 
 and agreed to reserve on each side of this path half a rood of wood uncut 
 for shade. Cox assigned his lease to Smith, a clerk in the Exchequer, who 
 assigned to James Rowles, wine merchant, of St. James', Westminster, and 
 the lease expiring, the College in 1773 sealed a new lease to James Rowles, 
 jun., for twenty-one years, from Michaelmas 1759, at £14 per annum, and 
 £4 every time the wood was cut. In 1774 Maxwell, the plaintiff, bought 
 this lease of Rowles for £550, and laid out about £1000. The lease expired 
 at Michaelmas 1780, and plaintiff applied for a renewal at the same rent, 
 but the College insisted upon £22 rent, to which the plaintiff agreed, and 
 an order was made at the audit for a lease for twenty-one years at £22 in 
 the usual form, which was " with the usual covenants and such other 
 " covenants as the Master Warden and Fellows shall appoint." The 
 Master Thomas Allen insisted upon drawing the lease himself, and 
 delivered a draft omitting the right to the path through the wood, leaving 
 out the word " assigns" in the " habendum," and introducing a covenant to 
 insure against fire, and to deposit the policy with the College. Plaintiff, 
 by his solicitor, Mr. Constable, applied to have a lease identical with the 
 old lease, but agreed to covenant to insure and to spend all moneys 
 received from the policy upon the premises. Receiving no answer, he 
 threatened proceedings in Chancery. The Warden and four Fellows 
 unanimously agreed that the plaintiff ought to have such a lease, and Mr. 
 Constable prepared one, and submitted it for the College seal, but the 
 Master said " he would sooner die in Newgate than suffer the seal to be put 
 " to this lease." Thereupon the Warden and four Fellows entered a protest 
 in the Exeat book, and Maxwell some time after filed his bill in Chancery, 
 to which the College answered according to the above order, relying upon 
 the words " and such other covenants," &c., in the order for the lease, and 
 
3o8 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 alleging that tlaough the majority of the College was, at the time of the 
 presentation of the lease by Constable, in favour of sealing it, yet as one of 
 the Fellows had died, and others left, the existing majority was against it. 
 
 The cause was heard on the 14th July 1783, and the College was 
 ordered to seal a lease as prepared by the Master of the Court, and to pay 
 costs. 
 
 While this cause was pending, it was ordered on the 4th March 1782, 
 
 That Alderman Wright shall, upon the surrender of an old lease granted to Edward 
 Eussell, have a new Lease granted to him, of the large Pond of Water on Dulwich 
 Common called the Mill Pond, at the rent of 2 shillings per ann:, which lease shall 
 contain such Covenants as the Master, Warden & Pellows shall appoint, and to com- 
 mence at Ladyday next, for the term of 21 years. But not to extend to his assigns, 
 only to him & his executors & Administrators. It having been found that inserting 
 the word assigns in the demise or grant of our Leases has given rise to several 
 expensive Law Suits, & to other great evils. Therefore we think it right to omit 
 the word "assigns" in the demise or grant of all the Leases to be made by this 
 corporation. 
 
 And at the same audit it was ordered. 
 
 That some proper person be employed to survey the whole estate of this corporation 
 situate in this manor of Dulwich & Eeport the number & value of all the Trees & 
 Pollards thereof, setting forth the names of the Tenants or occupiers thereof : and 
 what is best to be done. 
 
 On the 4th October 1782, at a Private Sittings it was ordered " that M' 
 " Jackson our present steward be desired to bring in his accounts, and 
 "that M'Eobert Parnther be appointed Steward and attorney to the 
 " Corporation." 
 
 In 1784 the College took the opinion of Mr. James Mansfield"" as to 
 whether the Master, Warden, and Fellows could vote for the counties of 
 Middlesex and Surrey in right of the College property, the answer bein"- 
 unhesitatingly in the negative. ' * 
 
 Archbishop Cornwaliis died on the 19th March 1783, and was succeeded 
 on the 31st March by Dr. John Moore, Bishop of Bangor, from whom there 
 are several autograph letters among the College papers, one of the first of 
 which IS dated 26th September 1785, and encloses extracts from a memorial 
 which had been sent him respecting the cutting of timber, which he per- 
 emptorily forbids. This Ai-chbishop seems to have been exceedingly par- 
 ticular about the timber, and his surveyor Mr. Thomas Hardwiclce was 
 continually employed about the College afi"airs during his tenure of office 
 
 At the audit on the 4th March 1786 the amount to the credit of the 
 
 red3/o7mSS2L ''' """'''' ^""1^'^' ='""' '''' ' ^''^<^^ J-«- ^' Common Pleas, 1804 ; 
 
17S7.] DULWICH COMMON TO BE INCLOSED. 309 
 
 College was £1066. 7s. 9d., the dividend was £1050, and the following 
 order was made in respect of the building fund : — 
 
 The paying of £80 in every year upon the 4"" day of Septemher for building the 
 West "Wing of the College which was ordered at the audit held upon the 4"" of March 
 1772 having accumulated to £2100 stock of the 3 per cent, consols. It is hereby 
 ordered, That the Dividends continue to be laid out for the said purpose, & that 
 instead of the exact sum of £80 therein mentioned, that the Master, Warden & Fellows 
 at their Private sittings may direct what additional sum or sums they think fit, in 
 assistance to the said Dividends for the especial purpose of EebuHding the West Wing. 
 Provided nevertheless that one hundred pounds stock, at the least, be bought every 
 year, until an Order be passed to tlie contrary. 
 
 On the 5th March 1787 it was ordered, 
 
 Whereas the clauses which liave been usually inserted in the Leases granted by 
 tliis Corporation to the tenants thereof, giving such tenants leave to cut bushes &c and 
 to turn on such sorts & number of cattle on tlie common called Dulwich Common, as 
 this Corporation should from time to time appoint, having been found of little advan- 
 tage to the tenants & no benefit to this corporation : It is therefore Ordered, that in 
 every Memorandum or agreement for letting any of the Lands or estates of this Cor- 
 poration, & in all future Leases to be granted thereof, no such clause or clauses shall 
 be inserted & that such Lessee or Lessees shall be restrained from cutting any such 
 bushes, or turning on any cattle, sheep, or other stock upon the said common, without 
 the express leave & licence of this Corporation, in as much as the tract of land called 
 Dulwich Common is capable of being made very valuable & greatly beneficial to 
 this Corporation in time to come & more especially if the same was inclosed ; for 
 which purpose an application is intended to be made to Parliament, as soon as con- 
 venient, if it should be found necessary so to do. 
 
 At this audit a lease was granted to Mr. John Morgan, at a rent of tM^o 
 shillings a year, of so much of the College wood adjoining Penge Common 
 and of Low Cross Lane, as should be necessary to make a road, not exceed- 
 ing 30 feet in breadth, from the top of the wood down to fields in his occupa- 
 tion. " But in regard there are divers Trees which must necessarily be cut 
 " down in the making such occupation way, this Order is to be subject to, 
 " and not to be carried into execution, without submitting the same to the 
 " consideration & approbation of his grace the Lord Archbishop of Canter- 
 " bury Visitor of this Corporation, for which purpose a plan of such intended 
 " road is hereby ordered to be laid before his Grace : And upon such other 
 " terms & conditions as this Corporation shall, in their said lease think fit." 
 
 The following letter, the autograph original of which is at the College, 
 is inserted in the Private Sittings book as the Archbishop's answer, under 
 date 1787 :— 
 
 Master and Gentlemen. 1 m x 1 1 i 
 
 Supposinc' the requisitions from the Surveyors Eugden and Tagg to be legal you 
 must of course comply with them ; But a fair price must be paid for the Trees taken 
 
3IO 
 
 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 down and the money applied to the Fund account. "With respect to the pollards sold 
 some time since to M"". Barton I must desire to be Informed of the sum paid for them 
 and that money also must be paid into the General Fund. 
 
 In regard to the Eoad in Contemplation towards Beckenham I find there are a 
 Variety of opinions about the Expediency of it. But at all events, It is a matter 
 which I am not concerned in. 
 
 This letter having been taken into consideration, it was ordered tiat a 
 lease be granted to Mr. Morgan in accordance with the terms of the order of 
 the 5th March 1787. The road is now the upper part of College Eoad and 
 Fountain Road. 
 
 At Michaelmas 1787 a difficulty arose with Mr. Mainwaring Davies, 
 who declined to give up possession of some lands of which the lease had 
 expired. The entry in the Private Sittings book in the matter is of 
 especial interest, as it mentions for the first time the name of Mr. Charles 
 Druce, who was afterwards steward and solicitor to the College for a 
 period of sixty years. Mr. Druce was then, or at any rate shortly after 
 became, the partner of Mr. Parnther, the firm of Parnther & Druce being 
 mentioned as solicitors to the College in an entry quoted above, dated 
 6th April 1789. 
 
 The entry previously referred to is as follows : — 
 
 Michaelmas Day 1787. This day the Warden with M' Puddiconibe the Usher, M"^ 
 Druce attorney at Law, Eichard Moor and John Wells Two Servants of the College 
 went to the Dwelling House of M' Mainwaring Davies, and in the name of this Corpora- 
 tion demanded Possession of the Premises late in Lease to Edward Gleadhill and in 
 the occupation of the said M' Davies, now let out in different parcels to M' North and 
 others. The said M' Davies being at the Dwelling House upon the Spot Enquired 
 to know if the warden was a proper person to receive possession and being answered 
 in the affirmative He said that provided the Warden would Engage that^ he should 
 have a Lease of the House, outhouses and Garden for 21 years at a pepper corn rent, 
 that then he would go with him into all the Fields and give him possession of the 
 Land. To which it was said that the Warden only wanted an Answer. M' Davies 
 replied that on any other Terms he would not give up the possession of any part of 
 the premisses. 
 
 Mr. Mainwaring Davies at once commenced a suit in Chancery against 
 the College, and on the 13th November 1787 it was ordered, " That the 
 " common seal be affixed to the answer which M' Eob* Parnther our 
 " Steward has prepared to a Bill of Complaint prefered against the Cor- 
 " poration in the Court of Chancery by M' Mainwaring Davies ; " and in 
 August 1788 notice was given to Mr. Fleetwood Bury, to whom it bad 
 been agreed to grant a lease of part of the land, that " in case be (M"^ 
 " Davies) shall hold over, so as that possession cannot be given at the 
 " time aforesaid, then this Order is to be void, we think it right to acquaint 
 " you that we shall proceed at our next audit on Thursday the 4th Sept"^ 
 
1788.] MEMORIAL OF MR. WILLIAM KAY. 311 
 
 " to let our premises on a new bargain. If you choose to send pro- 
 " posals we shall be glad to treat with you, in the name of the whole 
 " Society." 
 
 The papers in this suit are preserved at the College, and are marked 
 in the Handwriting of Thomas Allen, the Master, " Eead all or none 
 " at all." 
 
 It appears from them that Mr. Mainwaring Davies had purchased from 
 Edward Gleadhill tbe lease of a house and 115 acres of land for twenty-one 
 years, from Michaelmas 1766, and had laid out £1200 " in the assurance," as 
 he asserted, " of renewal for three terms." He further alleged that in 1780 
 he was expressly promised by Thomas Allen, that he should have a new 
 lease, but that it was not to be signed till near the expiry of the old one. 
 This promise the College iitterly denied, and Mr. Davies threatened that 
 unless his lease was renewed he would pull down the house and plough up the 
 meadow land. Thereupon, on the 26th January 1787, the College obtained 
 an injunction restraining him from damaging the property, and he filed 
 the bill in question in Chancery, praying that the Court would order the 
 College to grant him a new lease. His suit was dismissed, and the lands 
 were let in lots to the highest bidders. 
 
 In 1788 Mr. William Kay printed a memorial which he proposed to 
 present to the Archbishop, praying that he would interfere to procure him 
 a renewal of his lease, and complaining bitterly of the conduct of the 
 College towards him. 
 
 The circumstances appear to have been as follows : — 
 
 The College had in 1754 granted a lease for twenty-one years to Jeremiah 
 Joye of the messuage or mansion house called Hall Place, and of a small 
 messuage adjoining, lately in the occupation of Mary Lynn, whose husband 
 had been killed in a duel. In 1767, according to the memoriahst, "M"" 
 " Joyes executors (with a licence from the College) put up the Premises for 
 " sale by Auction, at the New York Coffee House, in London, and the 
 '■' Auctioneer declared the Premises to be renewable in perpetuo subject to 
 " the ancient Eent only and that no Pine or increase of Eent could be 
 " raised thereon, and the Master of the CoUege being present at the Sale, 
 " and not opposing or contradicting the Auctioneers Assertions, the 
 " Premises were sold under those Terms to one M' Daniel." 
 
 In 1768, "William Kay, the memorialist, purchased the lease from Mr, 
 Daniel, having previously, as he alleged, received from the then Warden, 
 now Master, and some of the Fellows, an assurance that he would have no 
 difficulty in obtaining a renewal of it, and in addition to the 650 guineas 
 paid to Mr. Daniel, he expended £2000 and upwards in repairs and 
 improvements. 
 
 He then, as he alleged, at the instigation of Thomas Allen, applied for 
 
312 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 a new lease, tliougli the existing one had still six years to run, and an 
 order was made for it on the 5th September 1768. Disputes arose between 
 Mr. Kay and the College as to the terms of this lease, but ultimately, after 
 an appeal to the Archbishop, who declined to interfere,''^ it was accepted as 
 prepared by the College, and sealed on the 27th March 1773, the term of 
 twenty-one years commencing at Michaelmas 1768, in accordance with the 
 order of the audit. 
 
 Meanwhile there had been considerable friction as to the access to Hall 
 Place, which had usually been by crossing Dulwich Common. In 1766, 
 however, a ]\Ir. Waring, a brewer of Lambeth, took a farm lying behind 
 Kay's premises, but not part of the manor of Dulwich, and he, by using 
 the common for his carts going to his farm, so cut it up as to render it 
 almost impassable in winter. 
 
 After some negotiations with "Waring, which fell through, Mr. Kay 
 obtained permission from the CoUege to make a road across the common, 
 and made a ditch on each side of it, to prevent Mr. Waring's carts coming 
 upon it. But " as soon as the ditches were cut Mr. Waring filled them up 
 " with Bavins, and traversed the common as before." 
 
 Mr. Kay then proceeded with the new road, and there being a deep 
 ditch which intersected it about the middle, he made a bridge over it, and 
 placed an iron bar across the bridge. This the Warden of the College cut 
 away, and again gave access to Mr. Waring's carts, which, according to the 
 memorialist, "in one week rendered it impassable again." 
 
 After this, Mr. Ka}/ determined to sell the lease, and put it up for sale 
 by public auction on the 9th June 1773, but the Master attended, "and 
 " publickly declared in the name of the Master, Warden and Fellows, that 
 " they were not bound to grant a new lease upon the expiration of the 
 " present lease, but were at liberty to grant a new Lease to any Person, at 
 " such advanced Rent as they should think the same might be worth, by 
 " the additions and Improvements made or to be made thereon : and by 
 " such Declaration (in breach of the Faith and solemn Promises and 
 "^ Agreements of the College, and with a View of reaping the Benefit of the 
 " great sums of Money laid out by your Memorialist) prevented your 
 " Memorialist from selling and disposing of his Interest in the Premises." 
 
 Mr. Kay states in his memorial that he then made a new road to his 
 houses at an expense of upwards of £200, " which is now used in common 
 " by all Persons, and the Common is thereby rendered useful and beneficial 
 " to the College and their tenants, which before was useless." 
 
 As the term of the lease approached its end, Mr. Kay made application 
 for a renewal, and after having been put off on several occasions he finally 
 on the 4th August 1788, received a letter from the Master acquainting him 
 
 * See ante, p. 293. 
 
1 790-] APOLOGY OF WILLIAM KA Y. 
 
 313 
 
 that the College would proceed to let the estate in his occupation at the 
 audit on the 4th September, and that they would be ready to treat with 
 him if he desired to be a bidder. 
 
 The memorialist thereupon circulated an appeal to the Visitor against 
 the College, who (in his own words) " rule the tenants with the most absolute 
 " and despotick Authority, And after having by Blandishments and fair 
 " Promises, induced well desig-ning and unwary Men to lay out great sums 
 " of Money in Buildings and Improvements upon their Estates, they then 
 " take all Opportunities of vexing and disquieting them, so as to render 
 " their Tenure uneasy and irksome, and at last give up their Possessions 
 " rather than submit; to the Insults and Indignities of the College, and 
 " then taking Advantage of other Men's Improvements, they have doubled 
 " and (as your Memorialist is credibly informed) trebled the Income of 
 " their Estates, which though given for Charitable Uses, is squandered in 
 " Connections of evil Example and immoral Tendency." 
 
 The Archbishop, if he ever received this, declined to interfere ; but 
 the Private Sittings book contains a copy of a notice served on Mr. Kay 
 on the 14th March 1789, requiring him "to deliver up possession of two 
 " messuages or Dwelling houses with the out houses, yards. Gardens and 
 " appurtenances, and the several Fields, Pieces or Parcels of Land and all 
 " other the premises which you hold of the said College." 
 
 This he no doubt did, but on the 4th March 1790 he applied for a new 
 lease of Hall Place, and four fields adjoining, being in all 18 a. 1 r. 6 p., 
 and thereupon the following order was made : — 
 
 Whereas M' William Kay having published a Printed Memorial with an intent to 
 send the same to the Archbishop of Canterbury, & which was sent to the members of 
 the College and the Churchwardens as their assistants, reflecting on them and con- 
 taining many ill founded assertions We conceive it to be a Duty incumbent on us for 
 the sake of our Characters & Posterity not to Grant any further Lease to him or to 
 permit him to be a Tenant of the College untill he has made a proper apology for the 
 same. 
 
 Mr. Kay was present, and forthwith signed the following apology :— 
 
 I do hereby Apologize to the Corporation of Dulwich College & the Church- 
 wardens Assistants of the same for the Assertions contained in the above Memorial. 
 
 Will: Kay. 
 
 Upon this a lease to him was ordered. 
 
 On the 13th August 1790 Messrs. Parnther & Druce addressed the 
 following letter, from London Street, to Mr. William Oxlade, who had estab- 
 lished a glue manufactory on Dulwich Common : — 
 
 "^ir We are desired by the Corporation of Dulwich College to acquaint you that 
 your carrying on the Glue manufactory on Dulwich Common is so great an Incon- 
 
 VOL. L " ^ 
 
314 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 veniency and offence to the neighbourhood that it cannot be submitted to, and must 
 of necessity be removed : And as the continuing the same is expressly contrary to 
 the agreement between you ?ind them, there is no good reason why they should bear 
 any part of the Expence of Eeraoval. Nevertheless for the sake of peace and to 
 prevent any dispute, the College desire us to inform you that If you will remove the 
 same to Ambroke Hill, on the East Side of the road leading to Sydenham, they will 
 Consent to an abatement of £5 pr ann: in your rent during the remainder of your 
 term. M"" Dugleby the College surveyor together with M' Hardwick have _ surveyed 
 the Kiln, Sheds and other Buildings used in the manufactory and are of opinion that 
 the same is a fair and very Liberal offer. We are therefore to request your answer 
 and at the same time are further Desired to Inform you, that this offer is without 
 prejudice to the right of the College under the agreement with you. And that if fair 
 and reasonable terms made when there is no reason for any Concession are Eefused, 
 that they will take such measures as will be necessary finally to Determine the 
 agreement between you and them in consequence of your having broken the same 
 in several Instances. 
 
 Nothing further being recorded on the subject, it may be presumed 
 that the nuisance was removed. 
 
 It is probable that the disputes above mentioned as to the renewal of 
 leases created some alaxm among existing as well as intending tenants. 
 It will be remembered that the system of " recommendams " had been 
 solemnly condemned in 1720, but no doubt something of the sort still 
 existed. On the 4th September 1793 the following order on the subject 
 was made at the audit : — 
 
 Whereas Edward Alleyn Esq"" the Founder of this College among the statutes and 
 orders made by him " concerning the Lands given by Him to the said College, the 
 " Eevenue thereof and in what manner the same should be disposed," hath ordained 
 that no lease or leases should be granted for a longer term than one and twenty years 
 with a valuable Eent reserved thereupon without any fine to be taken for tlie same, 
 and whereas many parts of the Estates and Lands belonging to the said College and 
 particularly that part of the estate between Camberwell and Dulwich are very eligibly 
 situated for building which buUding would greatly increase the value of the estates 
 and tend to promote the benevolent Design and Intention of the Founder. Therefore 
 we, the present Master, Warden, Fellows and Assistants assembled this day at the 
 Audit of the College feeling it indispensibly our Duty to manage the estates of the 
 College to tlie best advantage, being desirous of inducing Persons to build thereon and 
 actuated by motives of Justice to give tliem a suitable Eeturn for the money they may 
 expend. Do hereby as far as we lawfully may and without meaning or intending to 
 deviate from, or act repugnant or contrary to either the express words or true sense 
 and meaning of the statutes of the College, Declare that all Persons who shall under a 
 contract made with the said College for that purpose (but not otherwise) hereafter 
 erect or build any messuage Tenement or Dwelling House on any part of the College 
 Estate, their executors, Administrators or Assigns ought to be permitted to hold and 
 enjoy the same with the yards. Gardens, offices and appurts thereto belonging during 
 three successive compleat terms of 21 years each without any Encrease or addition o"f 
 rent to be made upon the same in respect, or for, or by means of such building and we 
 
1793-] AGREEMENT FOR BUILDING LEASES. 315 
 
 do as far as we lawfully may or can pledge the Faith and Honor of the College and 
 ourselves as Individuals, during our Continuance therein, that it is the intention of 
 the said College to adopt the said Plan accordingly and to permit the Lessee by the 
 Enjoyment of three compleat Terms of 21 years to have a Eeturn for his money 
 expended which in that time we conceive will be fully given. At the same time we 
 declare that after the Expiration of the said three terms all Benefit and advantage 
 whatsoever ought to be derived by, and belong to the College and our Successors 
 ■\ivithout any claim for a Eenewal or further extension of Term after that time, by 
 Keason of any money expended in Repairs, Alterations, Improvements, or otherwise 
 howsoever. 
 
 But this our declaration is confined to such Plots or pieces of ground only as shall 
 be expressly let to build on, and on some part of which BuUding shall be contracted 
 to be erected and not meant to extend to any lands contiguous, or adjoining thereto, 
 although such Lands may be included in the same leases or enjoyed or held by the 
 same Lessee. 
 
 A copy of this resolution was sent to the Archbishop of Canterbury, 
 ■who, on the 1st March 1794, addressed a letter to the College, in which he 
 stated that he considered the proposed arrangement not authorized by the 
 statutes, and expressed his formal disapprobation. 
 
 Nevertheless it was acted upon, and proved effective, not a few persons 
 having built houses on the College property on the strength of it, as will 
 subsequently appear in a notice of the Act of Parliament passed on the 
 subject in 1808. 
 
 Soon afterwards, on the 4th March 1795, the form of the College leases 
 was revised, and it was ordered — 
 
 That all leases hereafter to be granted by this Corporation of any of their estates 
 do contain the following Covenants, Provisoes Eeservations and agreements to be 
 always inserted therein as usual and general clauses viz'. 
 
 There shall be reserved to the Corporation and excepted out of the Demise all 
 wood and underwood. Timber and other trees and Pollards with the Lops and Tops 
 thereof and the tenants shall covenant not to cut nor take any. 
 
 There shall also be reserved General Liberty of Ingress and Eegress as well to see 
 to the Eepairs as for all necessary Purposes. 
 
 There shall also be reserved to the Corporation aU Eights of Common, Common of 
 Pasture and Herbage and the Tenant shall covenant not to take claim or use any in 
 respect of the Premises to be demised. 
 
 The Lessee shall covenant 
 
 To repair, uphold, support and maintain the Premises to be demised with tlie 
 appurts and to leave the same in proper Eepair at the end of the Term. 
 
 A schedule of Fixtures shall be made and annexed to every Lease and the Lessee 
 shall covenant to leave them in repair. . 
 
 To paint all the outside wood and Iron work once in every seven years twice 
 
 To lay 10 load of Dung on every acre of meadow within the last three years and 
 during that time not to take more than one crop in one year. 
 
3i6 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 Not to plough, dig np or break any meadow or Pasture Land or use it otherwise 
 than as such. 
 
 Not to assign the Lease or grant any Under Lease of all or any part of the 
 Premises to be demised without Licence. 
 
 To insure all buildings in some of the Public Offices in London or Westminster for 
 a competent sum, to be ascertained by the surveyor of the Corporation in the joint 
 names of the Corporation and Tenant and in case of accident for the money to be 
 applied in rebuilding or repairing the same. 
 
 There shall be a Proviso for making every Lease void in case of non payment of 
 the Eent or non performance of the Covenants or any of them and for Eeentry in 
 such case. 
 
 And on the part of the Corporation, The usual covenants for quiet enjoyment. 
 
 On the lOth November 1796, the Archbisliop ordered that David Evans, 
 a poor scholar, eight or nine years of age, should be brought up and 
 educated with a view to his being sent to the University ; but he probably 
 proved incompetent, as he was apprenticed to William Myhill, whose 
 trade is not stated, on the 24th November 1798.* 
 
 On the 22nd of February 1798, the College increased the insurance on 
 their buildings in the Hand in Hand Ofl&ce, to the amount of £5000, and 
 paid the premium for seven years. 
 
 About the close of the century the country generally was in a state of 
 great excitement respecting a possible invasion of Great Britain. Dulwich 
 was not slack in this matter, for on the 17th February 1798, Thomas Allen, 
 the Master, presided over a " numerous and respectable meeting of Inhabit- 
 " ants of the hamlet," at which it was resolved to open a book to receive 
 contributions for the defence of the country, and to make a house-to-house 
 collection for the same object ; and on the 1st May in the same year 
 another meeting was held, of which the Warden was chaii-man, " to form an 
 " armed association of infantry in the hamlet for the better defence and 
 " security of the neighbourhood at this critical juncture." At this time 
 Dulwich Common was used as a practising ground for volunteers and 
 militia. A copy of a sketch map drawn up by Lieutenant-Colonel Blaquiere 
 is given as an illustration. It may have been strategically useful, but can 
 hardly be described as accurate. 
 
 At the end of the year 1800, the firm of Parnther, Druce, & Parnther 
 dissolved partnership by mutual consent, each member retaining the 
 business of his own friends. There are among the College papers two 
 printed copies of the circular announcing the dissolution, on one of which 
 is written an application by Mr. Charles Druce for the business of the 
 College, and on the other a resignation of it by Mr. Parnther in favour of 
 Mr. Druce, who had long personaUy managed the College affairs, all the 
 entries m the audit book concerning leases, &c., being in his handwritins 
 
 * A boy was apprenticed in 1830 to William Myhill, tailor of Peckliam. 
 
 o 
 
i8os.] DEATH OF THE MASTER. 317 
 
 since 1788. From this time lie became the sole steward and solicitor of 
 the College, a post which, as has previously been said, he held until his 
 death in 1845. 
 
 On the 20th July 1805, Thomas Allen, the Master of the College, died, 
 and was succeeded by William Allen, the Warden. 
 
 Thomas Allen had been a member of the College for fifty-three years, 
 having been elected Warden on the 13th July 1752, becoming Master on 
 the 21st June 1775, thus occupj^ing the position of Warden for nearly 
 twenty-three years, and that of Master for upwards of thirty years. Nothing 
 is known of his family, and nothing of himself, except as recorded in the 
 College books. It has already been stated that he had previous to his 
 election as Warden been a malt factor; during his connection with it 
 the College affairs had certainly prospered, the dividend which he found 
 at £950 had increased to £3875 at his death, and scarcely any quarrels 
 amongst the Fellows seem to have occurred during the later years of his 
 life. It seems somewhat strange that no permanent record of so long a 
 Mastership was made by the College, his death being passed over in silence, 
 and no resolution on the subject appearing either in the audit or the Private 
 Sittings books.* 
 
 * He was a very small man, being known generally in the neiglibourliood as tlie Little Old Master. 
 
[ 3i8 ] [A.D- 
 
 CHAPTER XII. 
 
 THE HISTORY OF THE COLLEGE, 1805-1820. 
 
 "William Allen, the Warden, having become Master by the death of 
 Thomas Allen on the 20th July 1805, an election was held on the 5th 
 August, when Lancelot Baugh Allen, of the Inner Temple, barrister-at-law, 
 was chosen Warden, having drawn lots with Mr. William AUen, of the 
 Bank of England. There were fifteen candidates. 
 
 It is noteworthy that between an entry in the Private Sittings book, 
 dated 12th July 1805, appointing Mr. George Tappen surveyor to the 
 College, which was the last signed by Thomas Allen previous to his death 
 on the 20th July, and an entry of the election of Mr. Corry as usher on 
 the 28th April 1806, two pages have been cut out of the book. 
 
 These two pages in all probability contained the record of the election 
 and admission of Mr. L. B. Allen as Warden, and the reason of their being 
 taken out seems to have been that they contained a record of the fact that 
 the new Warden received the Holy Communion. 
 
 Mr. Giraud, organist from 1834 to 1857, possessed a manuscript copy 
 of the statutes, which is now in the British Museum (add. MSS. !No. 
 29479b), on the alternate blank pages of which he has made several pencil 
 notes, and against Statute No. 22, which ordains that the Warden and 
 Fellows are to receive the Holy Communion, and to be afterwards admitted 
 and conducted to their lodgings, he has the following : — " And if not (i.e. 
 " receive the sacrament) what penalty ? Vane * never did, as he says ; 
 " Baugh Allen did, and after it had been entered into the Private Sittings 
 " Book, the leaf could never be found again from the time of his Master- 
 " ship. So learned I from late Master and Vane." 
 
 Mr. Baugh Allen's objection to its being known that he had received 
 the Holy Communion seems to have arisen from the fact that such an act 
 was inconsistent with the opinions he held and expressed. His successor 
 held similar views, and the then preacher, Mr. Howes, seems to have taken 
 the unusual course of omitting the sentences of consecration when he was 
 about to be a communicant. 
 
 A gentleman still living, who was connected with the College in Mr. 
 
 * Jolm Vane, scTioolmaBttir, 181S-1S48. 
 
A view on ^ulwicp Common. 
 
 J.Dnion del 
 
 1784: 
 
i8os.] ACT FOR INCLOSING THE COMMON. 319 
 
 Howes' time, writes : " On one occasion when I was present I abstained, 
 " owing to Mr. Howes the celebrant having omitted the sentences of 
 " consecration. I mentioned this afterwards to Mr. Chafy,* who admitted 
 " the fact but offered no explanation. The Master was present, and I 
 " have a vague impression that he entertained atheistical notions." 
 
 The new Master appears to have made an alteration in the hours of 
 dining and schooling, for the following are his first entries in the Private 
 Sittings book : — 
 
 Private Sittings 26™ July 1805. 
 
 It was moved and agreed that the Dinner in the Pavlor be always on the Table at 
 Three O'clock 
 
 Will*'- Allen 
 Tiio'' Jenyns Smith 
 Nevile Stow 
 Cha^- Brent Barry. 
 
 At the same time it was moved and agreed that the Hours of School be as follows. 
 From Lady Day to Michaelmas 
 Six to Ten ; Twelve to Two ; half-past Three to Five. 
 
 From Michaelmas to Lady Day 
 Seven to Ten ; Twelve to half-past Two. 
 And that the Boys shou'd Dine, from Lady Day to Mich", at Two o'clock ; & from 
 Mich', to Lady Day at half-past Two : except on Holy dales & Holy day Eves, when 
 
 they shou'd dine at Twelve. 
 
 Will"- Allen 
 Tho^ Jenyns Smith 
 Nevile Stow 
 Cha^ Brent Barry. 
 
 At the same time it was moved and agreed that the Master's Rooms be put into a 
 proper state of repair at the charge of the College. 
 
 In the parliamentary session of this year a measure of great importance 
 to the College received the Eoyal assent. It is entitled "An Act for 
 " Inclosing Lands in the Manor of Dulwich, in the County of Surrey." 
 After reciting that Dulwich Common and certain waste grounds within the 
 manor of Dulwich, containing one hundred and thirty acres or thereabouts, 
 are, as regards the soil, the property of the College as lords of the manor, 
 and are in their present state incapable of improvement, but if divided, 
 and specific parts or shares thereof allotted to and amongst the several 
 persons interested therein, and such allotments inclosed, great advantage 
 would arise to all parties concerned, the Act proceeds to appoint three 
 Commissioners, viz. Kobert Boxall of Parkhill, Croydon ; Thomas Crawter 
 
 * Usher, 18.30-1857. 
 
320 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 of Cobham ; and George Tappen, of John Street, Pall Mall, with power to 
 appoint successors in case of any vacancy. 
 
 These Commissioners are to allot to the College " such part of the said 
 " Common and Waste Grounds hereby directed to be divided and allotted, 
 " as shall in the judgment of the said Commissioners be equal in value to 
 " One sixteenth Part of the said Common and Waste Grounds : and the 
 " said Allotment or Allotments shall be a full Compensation and Recom- 
 " pense for the Eight of the Lords of the said Manor in and to the soil of 
 " the said Common and Waste Grounds." 
 
 The residue of the said common and waste grounds is to be " alloted 
 " unto and amongst the several Persons, Bodies Politic, Corporate or 
 " Collegiate, who shall be entitled to any Estate, Property, or Interest 
 " therein, according to their respective Eights and Interests, in such 
 " Quantities, Shares, and Proportions as by the said Commissioners shall 
 " be adjudged and declared to be a Compensation and Satisfaction for 
 " their several and respective Rights of Common and other rights or 
 " Interests." 
 
 These allotments are to be " held by such Proprietors under the like 
 " Eents and services as the Lands Grounds and Hereditaments in lieu of 
 "or in respect of which such Allotments shall have been made, were 
 " respectively held at or immediately before the making such Allotments 
 " respectively." 
 
 The College being not only lords of the manor, but also freeholders of 
 all the lands interested with the exception of a very small part which was 
 copyhold, thus practically entered into possession of the whole of the land 
 allotted, which was then of considerable value, afterwards much enhanced 
 by the passing of an Act authorizing the College to let their lands on 
 building leases for long terms, notwithstanding the statutory restriction of 
 leases to twenty-one years.* 
 
 On the 15th November 1805 the signature of Mr. L. Baugh Allen, the 
 Warden, appears for the first time in the Private Sittings book, the 
 principal business transacted being the ordering of one pipe of wine for 
 the use of the College " at the house of Hopkins Giles & Co." 
 
 At the Private Sittings on the 1st March 1806 it was ordered "that 
 " M'' Tappen (the surveyor) do cause the Boundary Stones to be placed on 
 " the land of the College adjoining the Champion Hill Eoad, to denote the 
 " quantity of Ground laid into that road, which is part of and belongs to 
 " the College ; and that on each stone be specified the number of feet 
 " which the College property extends Eastward, from such stones." 
 
 * The present Dulwict CoUege (opened 1870), with its gardens and playing fields, occupies about 
 40 acres of the old common. Trees in clumps were planted thereon in 1812 under an aoreement 
 with Mr. Lett (see 'poit, p. 345). " 
 
i8o6.] INVESTMENT OF MONEYS IN TEE WARDEN'S HANDS. 321 
 
 At the audit on the 4tli March 1806, there was due to the College 
 £4011. 2s. 9d., and £4000 was distributed as dividend. 
 
 On the 7th March it was ordered at Private Sittings, " that M' James bo 
 " desired to survey the College estate and report what improvements may 
 " be made thereon." 
 
 About this time it seems to have occurred to the Society that the con- 
 siderable balance in the hands of the Warden might advantageously be put 
 out at interest, and the following minute was made at a Private Sitting on 
 the 2nd May 1806 : — 
 
 Whereas in the College accounts settled at the Audit the 4" day of March last, 
 the Warden stands charged with a Balance of Cash as being in his Hands, belonging to 
 the College, amounting to £2504 9. 5 ; E"ow it is hereby acknowledged, by the Master, 
 Warden, & Fellows of the CoUege, that the sum of £953. 5. 6 part of that sum has 
 been invested (along with £100 out of the Treasury Chest) in the Purchase of £1700 
 Cons*. £3 pr cent Bank Annuities in the name of the Master Warden, 1" and 2°^ 
 Fellow ; And that the sum of £682. 9. 0. has been also advanced out of the Wardens 
 Cash for the purpose of the Inclosure of the Common and to be accounted for by the 
 Master and it is declared that the Warden is not personally responsible for the above 
 two sums of £953. 5. 6 and £682. 9. although included in the Balance of £2504 9. 
 as settled at the Audit and nominally charged against him for the purpose of keeping 
 the accounts of the College in the accustomed way. 
 
 It was further agreed, 
 
 That the annual Dividend of the £1700 Stock in the 3 per cent Console Bank Ann" 
 standing in the names of the Master, Warden, 1" and 2°'* Fellow of the College, 
 Purchased with the £100 out of the Treasury Chest and £953. 5. 6 part of the 
 Wardens Cash Balance and producing £51 per an: be applied as follows : The Sum of 
 £5 per ami: as the Interest of the £100 out of the Treasury Chest for the Improve- 
 ment of the Library for the general use of the College and the sum of £46, residue 
 thereof to be divided between the Master, Warden and four Fellows in six equal parts 
 for their own use. That the Dividend which accrued due in Jan^ last be the first 
 Dividend so applied, and tliat the future Dividends be applied in the above manner as 
 they become due half yearly in Jan^ and July each year. 
 
 This practice of dividing the interest on the money, or part of the 
 money, in the Warden's hands between the Master, Warden, and Fellows, 
 to the exclusion of the rest of the Society, whether justifiable or not, con- 
 tinued for some time. 
 
 At the Private Sittings held on the 6th June 1806, it is recorded that 
 " Much Inconvenience having arisen to the Society by the delay of business 
 " on Friday through the Introduction of strangers to the College Table : 
 " It is agreed that in future no stranger or other Person unless for some 
 " particular cause relating to the Society be that day admitted. And it is 
 " particularly recommended that no Member absent himself that day, as it 
 " is set apart for the transaction of business." 
 
 VOL. I. 2 s 
 
32 2 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 It was also ordered on the same day, "Tliat for the present One Dozen 
 " of Wine be given out every week to the Butler for the consumption of 
 " the College viz* Nine of Port & three of White." 
 
 On the 11th July 1806 the dinner-hour was changed from three to four 
 o'clock; and on the 23rd January 1807 the hours of Divine Service in the 
 chapel on Sundays were fixed at 10 o'clock in the morning from Lady Day 
 to Michaelmas, and at half-past 10 from Michaelmas to Lady Day, and at 
 2.30 in the afternoon. 
 
 It appears that many tenants had built or substantially repaired houses 
 on the estate, in reliance upon the order passed at the audit on the 
 4th September 1793, pledging the College to renew their leases for two 
 several periods of twenty-one years each. The whole arrangement being 
 not only unsatisfactory but also illegal, on the- 29th September 1807 an 
 agreement was entered into between the College on the one part and the 
 several tenants (twenty in number) who had so built or repaired, on the 
 other part, which, 
 
 After reciting that the said several persons had applied to and requested the 
 Master, Warden, Fellows, Brethren, Sisters and Scholars, in consideration of the great 
 costs and charges which the said several Persons or those from whom they had 
 respectively purchased the same, had been respectively put to, in erecting and 
 building on those Parts of the Estates of the said College of God's Gift mentioned 
 and specified in the schedule under written the several capital messuages or Tenements 
 and other Buildings in the same schedule also specified to grant them respectively 
 Leases thereof for a long term of years upon the Terms and conditions therein 
 mentioned, but inasmuch as the said Master, Warden, Fellows, Brethren, Sisters and 
 Scholars were restricted by the statutes of the said College from granting Leases for 
 any longer term than twenty one years, it was thereby mutually covenanted, declared 
 and agreed by and between the Parties thereto, and the said Master, Warden, Fellows, 
 Brethren, Sisters and Scholars did thereby covenant with the said several abovenamed 
 Persons and their respective Executors, Administrators and Assigns that they the said 
 Master &c. would apply for an Act of Parliament to authorize and empower them to 
 make, grant and execute a Lease or Leases to such several Persons respectively and 
 their respective Executors, Administrators and Assigns of the several Pieces or Parcels 
 of Land and Hereditaments in the schedule thereunder written, situate, lyin" and 
 being in the said Parishes of Saint Giles Camberwell, and Saint Marys Lamb'eth in 
 the County of Surrey with the capital mansions. Messuages or Tenements, offices and 
 other Erections and Buildings thereon erected and built by the said several persons 
 &c &c; and lastly the said several persons therein before named did respectively 
 agree to accept and take such leases respectively of the Premises mentioned and 
 specified in the said schedule for the said Term of sixty three years from the Periods 
 and at and under and subject to the Covenants, Conditions and Agreements contained 
 and expressed in such leases so to be granted as aforesaid. 
 
 In accordance with this agreement the College did apply to Parliament 
 and on the 18th June 1808 the Act 48 George III. cap. 116 was passed! 
 
i8o8.] THE ACT ENABLING BUILDING LEASES. 323 
 
 the title being, "An Act for enabling the Master, Warden, Fellows, 
 " Brethren, Sisters and Scholars of the College of God's Gift in Dulwich 
 " in the County of Surrey, to grant a Lease or Leases of certain estates 
 " belonging to the same College in the said County pursuant to an agree- 
 " ment entered into for that purpose, and also to grant Building Leases 
 " of other parts of the same estates, and for other Purposes therein 
 " mentioned." 
 
 The Act recites the Letters Patent of King James I., the foundation of 
 the College by Alleyn, the fine levied on the estates to the use of the 
 College, the statute relating to the letting of the lands on leases for 
 twenty-one years and no more, and that forbidding the letting of the 
 coppices and of the land formerly tilled by the College, and proceeds : — 
 
 And whereas many Parts of the said Estate and Lands of the said College, 
 including the said Coppice or Woodlands, as also Part of the Lands lying near to the 
 same College, are very eligibly situated for building thereon, which Building would 
 greatly increase the Value of the College Estates and further the benevolent Design 
 of the Founder : but by reason of the said statutes the College are restrained from 
 managing their Estate to the best advantage, and the Estates of the said College have 
 not improved in the same Proportion as the Estates of Individuals, notwithstanding 
 they are subject to the progressive encreasing and necessary Burthens, and to the 
 encreased Price of every Article of Life, and in many Instances (as being a corporate 
 Body supporting a large Establishment) to more than an eqixal share. And whereas 
 notwithstanding the said College are restrained from granting Leases for a longer Term 
 than Twenty one years, yet many persons have been induced to build valuable Houses 
 on the Estate thereto belonging, and to rebuild others, trusting to the Honour of the 
 said College and their good Faith not to take any undue Advantage ; and other Persons 
 might be induced to do so, but such Tenure is precarious and unpleasant to both 
 Landlord and Tenant and may be the Source of Litigation and Dissention, and more 
 especially as Land so let will not produce to the said College the Eental that it other- 
 wise would, and that a private Individual might fairly expect. 
 
 The Act then recites the agreement already quoted, and proceeds to 
 enact, — 
 
 1°. That the CoUege may grant leases of their premises for 63 years from the dates 
 mentioned in the schedule, to all the parties to the agreement. 
 
 2°. That the College may let the rest of their property including the woods and 
 the land in hand, (all of which are enumerated in the second schedule) on building 
 leases for 84 years at the best rent obtainable, and without fines. 
 
 3°. That the College may extend the terms of the leases of the persons in the first 
 schedule for a further term of 21 years (in addition to the 63 mentioned in the first 
 clause) in consideration of a fine to be paid by the tenants. 
 
 4°. That the monies arising from the fines or Premiums so to be received shall be 
 applied in repairing the College or in rebuilding the same either on the present site, or 
 on such other part of the Estates as the Visitor for the time being shall approve. 
 
 The schedules to this Act are of some interest, particularly to the 
 
324 
 
 HISTOR 1 OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 [a.d 
 
 inhabitants of Dulwich, as tliey together form a terrier of the College 
 property, and in many cases contain the names of well-known tenants; 
 they are consequently inserted entire. 
 
 The Fiest Schedule to ■which this Act eefeks. 
 Lands in the Parish of Saint Giles Camleriucll in Surrey. 
 
 Lessees Names. 
 John Adcock. 
 
 Edward Browne. 
 
 James Bartlett. 
 
 John Bowles. 
 
 Eichard Henry 
 Clarke. 
 
 John Druce. 
 
 Nathaniel Bogle 
 French. 
 
 Lands anrl Premises to te devised. 
 
 A messuage and offices in the 
 Village of Dulwich with the 
 Garden and Ground contain- 
 ing two Eoods and seven 
 poles (now Dr. Bay's). 
 
 A messuage, Cottage, Stables, 
 Outbuildings and Garden 
 behind, in the Village of 
 Dulwich containing One 
 acre Two Eoods and Three 
 Poles (now Eose Cottage). 
 
 Three Dwelling Houses at the 
 Entrance of Dulwich, and 
 two Eoods of Land (now the 
 Police Station and adjoining 
 houses). 
 
 A messuage and offices on the 
 North Side of Dulwich Com- 
 mon with Pleasure and Gar- 
 den Ground, containing Four 
 acres and two Eoods (now 
 Eyecotes). 
 
 A messuage with offices, and 
 Outbuildings, Paddock and 
 Ground, in Dulwich, con- 
 taining eight acres two 
 Eoods and eight Poles (for- 
 merly the White House, 
 now St. Austin's). 
 
 A messuage and offices on the 
 North Side of Dulwich Com- 
 mon, with Garden behind 
 and Ground opposite, con- 
 taining Six Acres (now Glen- 
 lea). 
 
 A capital Messuage and Offices 
 in his occupation adjoining 
 the Eoad to Ireland Green in 
 
 Commencement 
 of Term. 
 
 Michaelmas 
 1796. ' 
 
 Michaelmas 
 1794 
 
 Michaelmas 
 1805. 
 
 Lady Day 
 1787. 
 
 Lady Day 
 1790. 
 
 Eent. 
 £4 
 
 10 
 
 27 
 
 47 
 
 Lady Day 
 1804. 
 
 Michaelmas 
 1800. 
 
 30 
 
 68 
 
i8o8.] 
 Lessees Names. 
 
 David Gordon. 
 
 THE SCHEDULE TO THE ACT. 
 
 325 
 
 Thomas Griffith. 
 
 Sarah Hucks. 
 
 Charles Frederick 
 Henninss. 
 
 Georse Harris. 
 
 David Lyon. 
 
 Henrietta Lawrence. 
 
 Peter Martineau. 
 
 Lands and Premises to be devised. 
 
 Dulwich with Pleasure and 
 Garden Ground, containing 
 Ten acres (now Springfield). 
 
 A capital Messuage, Offices 
 and Lodge, Gardens and 
 Ground on Dulwich Hill, 
 containing Twenty two acres, 
 and Thirty three Poles (now 
 Dulwich Hill House). 
 
 A messuage and Offices in his 
 occupation near the Entrance 
 of Dulwich, with Garden, 
 Orchard, and Paddock con- 
 taining Six Acres Three 
 Eoods and Seven Poles (now 
 The HaU). 
 
 A messuage and Garden in the 
 Village of Dulwich contain- 
 ing Twenty six Poles, with 
 Offices and Ground opposite : 
 containing One acre One 
 Eood and four Poles (now 
 Woodlawn). 
 
 A Messuage and Offices adjoin- 
 ing Dulwich Common on the 
 Eoad to Sydenham, with Gar- 
 dens and Ground containing 
 2'. 2'. 25P, (now Toksowa 
 House). 
 
 A messuage. Offices and Gar- 
 den adjoining Hall Place, on 
 the West Side of Dulwich 
 Common containing 3'. 8p, 
 A capital Messuage, Offices 
 and Lodge, Gardens and 
 Ground on Dulwich Hill 
 containing 20'. 1'. 3^ (now 
 Sir H. Bessemer's). 
 
 A Cottage, Barn, Garden and 
 Ground on Dulwich Hill 
 containing 2°. 3'. 8^. (now 
 Elm Lodge). 
 
 A capital Messuage and Offices 
 on Dulwich Hill, with Gar- 
 dens and Pleasure Ground 
 containing 8% 3'. Qp. (now 
 Hill Lodge). 
 
 Commencement 
 of Term. 
 
 Rent. 
 
 Michaelmas £130 
 1800. 
 
 Lady Day 30 
 
 1795. 
 
 Lady Day 
 1794. 
 
 10 
 
 Michaelmas 104 
 1803. 
 
 Michaelmas 
 1790. 
 
 Michaelmas 
 1800. 
 
 Michaelmas 
 1800. 
 
 Lady Day 
 1804. 
 
 120 
 
 21 
 
 43 10 
 
326 
 
 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. 
 
 [a.d. 
 
 Lessees Names. 
 Eichard Shawe.* 
 
 Same. 
 
 Anthony Sterry. 
 George Sharpe. 
 
 Lands and Premises to be devised. 
 
 John Willes. 
 
 William "Wood 
 Watson. 
 
 Same. 
 
 Commencement 
 of Term. 
 
 Michaelmas 
 1800. 
 
 Rent. 
 £80 
 
 Lady Day 
 1803. 
 
 Michaelmas 
 1796. 
 
 Michaelmas 
 1807. 
 
 Michaelmas 
 1785. 
 
 28 
 
 20 
 
 50 
 
 230 
 
 * Mr. Sliawe was 
 Joseph Buonaparte, 
 now the residence of 
 
 + Preyiously Mr. 
 
 A capital Mansion and Offices 
 on Dulwich Hill, with Gar- 
 dens and Pleasure Grounds 
 containing 15\ 1'. 6? (The 
 Casino). 
 
 A messuage adjoining Ireland 
 Green in Dulwich, with Out- 
 buildings, Garden and Plea- 
 sure Ground, containing 3". 
 2'. 0. 
 
 A messuage and Offices in Dul- 
 wich, on the North Side of 
 the Eoad to Sydenham, con- 
 taining 3'. 0'. 37P.(The Elms). 
 
 A capital Messuage and Offices 
 on Dulwich Hill, with Out- 
 buildings Gardens and Plea- 
 sure Ground containing 7'. 
 C. 0? (now Eydal Mount, 
 Champion Hill). 
 
 A capital Messuage and Offices 
 on the West side of the 
 College in Dulwich, with 
 Cottage or Farm House, 
 Canal, Gardens, Pleasure and 
 other Grounds containing46'. 
 3^ 24P. (Belair). 
 
 A capital Messuage in his own 
 Occupation on the South 
 side of the Eoad leading 
 from Denmark HUl, with 
 the Garden and Pleasure 
 Grounds, containing 8\ 2'. 
 7'', part of the Ground lying 
 in Camberwell Parish (now 
 Mr. Walter W. Druce's).t 
 
 A messuage and Offices on the 
 South side of the Eoad lead- 
 ing from Denmark Hill, late 
 in the Occupation of Ben- 
 jamin Tomkins, with Garden 
 and Pleasure Ground con- 
 taining V-. v. OP. (now Mr. 
 P. W. Koebel's)4 
 solicitor to Warren Hastings. This house has l„... „.,., ...^a.^,^^ uv jrnnc 
 
 ^^° w a''*A''°^®' ^^"^ Prussian Ambassador, and Mr. W. H. Stone, M.P. It i 
 Mr. W. S. Gover. ' 
 
 Buskin's. 
 
 Michaelmas 
 1794 
 
 48 
 
 Michaelmas 
 1807. 
 
 24 
 
 I since been inhabited by Prince 
 
 X Previously Mr. W. Cross's. 
 
i8o8.] 
 
 THE SECOND SCHEDULE. 
 
 32J 
 
 The Second Schedule to which this Act kefers. 
 ,^ The Manor of Dulivich, viz. 
 
 The Common . 
 
 The Wastes . 
 
 The Coppices . 
 
 The Avenue . 
 
 Hound Green and Nursery 
 
 Home Field, Grove Field and Field adjoining 
 
 The Scite of the College, Courts, Yards and Gardens, 
 in case the College shall with the Approbation of 
 the Visitor, be rebuilt upon any other Scite 
 
 In Hand . 
 
 a. 
 
 r. 
 
 P- 
 
 110 
 
 
 
 
 
 11 
 
 
 
 
 
 206 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 3 
 
 
 
 2 
 
 3 
 
 39 
 
 14 
 
 2 
 
 25 
 
 4 2 31 
 
 351 15 
 
 Two Fields in the Occupation of Peter Martineau 
 adjoining the new private Eoad . 
 
 A Field adjoining the new private Eoad in the Occu- 
 pation of David Lyon .... 
 
 A messuage and four fields, in the Occupation of 
 Charles Clarke and Richard Shawe 
 
 A Field adjoining the new private Eoad in the Occu- 
 pation of Thomas Griffith 
 
 A Messuage in Dulwich and five Inclosures in the 
 Occupation of William Parry 
 
 Two Tenements near the Common, and Three In- 
 closures near the private Eoad to Penge, in the 
 Occupation of James Bartlett 
 
 Ten Messuages, Windmill, and a Meadow on lease to 
 James Lee and William Jenkins . 
 
 Tenement and Garden in the Occupation of Judith 
 HoUoway ..... 
 
 Two Messuages and seven Inclosures in the Occupa- 
 tion of Clarkson Palmer and his Under Tenant 
 
 Dulwich Court Farm late Coleman . 51 
 
 Two Fields by the Gypsey House ditto 12 
 
 Two Messuages, Blacksmith's Shop, 
 Stables, Tenements and Meadow 
 ditto .... 2 1 2 
 
 A Field called Brownings, in Dulwich Village, in 
 Occupation of Samuel Bradley . 
 
 Two Fields by the Turnpike on the Common in occu- 
 pation of John Corner . . • • 
 
 Four Fields adjoining the Common late in the Occu- 
 pation of Isaac Wheeler . . . ■ 
 
 13 
 
 2 23 
 
 a. r. p. 
 
 13 3 37 
 
 6 
 
 12 1 18 
 
 9 3 20 
 
 20 2 
 
 23 2 28 
 
 2 3 35 
 
 1 21 
 
 31 1 37 
 
 65 3 38 
 
 7 3 2 
 
 12 2 14 
 
 29 1 16 
 
 £50 
 
 23 
 
 51 
 
 37 17 
 
 84 
 
 39 
 
 17 3 
 
 14 
 
 100 
 
 104 3 
 
 40 15 
 
 63 
 
 117 
 
328 HIS20RY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 Messuage and Field in the occupation of Charles 
 
 Brent Barry ..... 
 The Crown Public House, let to Isaac Ellis with two 
 
 Dwelling Houses and small gardens 
 Messuage and Garden in the Occupation of Eebecca 
 
 Tawke ...... 
 
 Eight Messuages and two Inclosures let to Benjamin 
 
 Tayle and Mary Adams .... 
 Two fields adjoining Dulwich Court Lane in the 
 
 Occupation of John Adcock 
 A messuage let to William BUliter 
 Two messuages near College let to Isabel Adams 
 Three meadows adjoining and near to the Back Lane 
 
 in Dulwich, in the Occupation of Sarah Hucks . 
 Five Inclosures and a piece of waste near Dulwich 
 
 Court Lane, in the Occupation of Edward Browne 
 A Tenement, Three Cottages, Shop, Gardens and Small 
 
 Meadow, and a field by Croxtead Lane, let to 
 
 Thomas Turk ..... 
 A messuage, Two Cottages, and Five Pieces of Land, 
 
 let to Thomas Wright .... 
 Five Fields adjoining Lordship Lane, lately on lease 
 
 to Thomas GrifP.th .... 
 
 Messuage and Field near Lordship Lane in the occu- 
 pation of William Glennie 
 A cottage and Garden in Lordship Lane in the Occu- 
 pation of M' Stedman .... 
 A messuage and seven Inclosures in the occupation 
 
 of Percival North .... 
 
 Four Inclosures, in the Occupation of John Jephson . 
 Several Tenements near the Common and Three fields 
 
 near Sydenham Hill let to William Oxlade 
 Three fields, in the Occupation of Sarah Bond, near 
 
 the Common ..... 
 Private Eoad and Two Fields, in the Occupation of 
 
 John Scott, leading to Penge 
 Two Fields, in the Occupation of James Marshall 
 Three Fields, in the Occupation of George Harris 
 A messuage and Four Fields adjoining the Common, 
 
 in the Occupation of William Orme 
 A messuage and four fields adjoining Dulwich Common, 
 
 in the occupation of Daniel Stowe 
 Eight Messuages on the North Side of Dulwich 
 
 Common and Four Fields, on lease to Samuel 
 
 Browne and Alexander Glennie . 
 Stable and Coach Houses late D"". Allen's near the 
 
 Common ..... 
 
 a. 
 
 r. p. 
 
 
 
 
 4 
 
 3 26 
 
 £4T) 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 20 
 
 2 
 
 
 
 
 
 2 30 
 
 20 
 
 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 15 
 
 50 
 
 
 
 
 
 7 
 
 
 
 15 
 
 1 29 
 
 1 7 
 
 26 
 
 3 
 
 30 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 11 
 
 3 
 
 38 
 
 
 
 
 
 35 
 
 1 24 
 
 77 
 
 
 
 
 
 9 
 
 3 26 
 
 52 
 
 
 
 
 
 16 
 
 1 15 
 
 40 
 
 
 
 
 
 42 
 
 2 22 
 
 63 
 
 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 21 
 
 60 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 18 
 
 
 
 1 
 
 
 
 52 
 34 
 
 2 5 
 30 
 
 138 
 53 
 
 
 12 
 
 
 
 
 19 
 
 2 14 
 
 36 
 
 
 
 
 
 46 
 
 2 13 
 
 97 17 
 
 
 
 23 
 19 
 13 
 
 2 13 
 1 
 1 1 
 
 38 
 
 27 
 24 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 18 
 
 3 13 
 
 38 
 
 
 
 
 
 21 
 
 1 4 
 
 70 
 
 
 
 
 
 21 
 
 1 12 
 
 72 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 12 
 
 
 
 10 
 
 
 
i8o8.] THE SECOND SCHEDULE. 
 
 329 
 
 a. r. p. 
 Messuage and Three Fields, let to Fleetwood Bury . 18 2 11 £48 
 
 Messuage and Fieldg adjoining the Common and Crox- 
 
 tead Lane in the Occupation of Eobert Brettell . 12 3 32 
 
 Four Messuages and Meadow near the Common, let 
 
 to Eli2abeth Thorp . . . . 2 2 13 32 
 
 Two Messuages and Five Inclosures let to John 
 
 Ayearst . . . . . . 21 3 11 75 
 
 The Greyhound, Nine Messuages and a Meadow, let 
 
 to Eobert Boxall . . , . . 8 2 28 30 
 
 Seven Tenements, let to M" Shawe and M" Hughes . 15 13 
 
 A messuage and Land in Dulwich let to M" Eix . 8 2 33 30 
 
 Two Fields in the occupation of Eichard Henry Clarke 7 38 9 
 
 A messuage and three Fields at Ireland Green, and 
 
 Two near Croxtead Lane, let to William Hudson 31 3 39 66 
 
 The Half Moon Public House and a. r. p. 
 
 several Inclosures of Meadow Land 37 1 9 
 Two Tenements and Garden on the 
 
 Waste,let to Nathaniel Bogle French 0' 2 9 
 
 37 3 18 138 
 
 Two Messuages and Land near Ireland Green let to 
 
 George Wliitfield . . . . . 16 18 63 
 
 A Field adjoining the Sydenham Eoad in the occupa- 
 tion of John Bowles (now part of Eyecotes) . 4 1 35 7 
 A messuage on the North Side of the Common and a 
 
 Field, in the Occupation of Samuel Lancaster . 8 3 26 30 
 
 In tlie Parishes of CaTnierwell and Lanibetli intermixed. 
 
 One Inclosure adjoining Champion Hill in the occu- 
 pation of M'. Gonne . . . . 3 31 5 
 
 Eight Tenements near Champion Hill let to Theophilus 
 Lightfoot, and Land in the occupation of M'. 
 Croughton . . . . . 3 2 27 12 
 
 A Field in the occupation of George Sharpe, adjoining 
 
 Champion Hill 1 3 25 10 
 
 In the Parish of Saint Luke, Irliddlesex. 
 
 Four messuages in Golden Lane- 
 
 Two messuages behind the Lane 
 
 Twenty four messuages in Playhouse Yard 
 
 Three messuages in Swallow Alley 
 
 Eight messuages iii Parrott Court 
 
 Two messuages in a Passage 
 
 Four messuages in Whitecross Street 
 Total Forty Seven : — aU let to David Bucklee, and 
 mostly occupied by weekly Tenants at One 
 Eentof ...•.•■ 200 
 
 VOL. I. 2 T 
 
330 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 The provisions of this Act were put in force without loss of time, for at 
 the audit held on the 5th September 1808 Mr. Thomas Lett surrendered 
 the lease granted to him on the 28th November 1806, and took a new lease 
 for eighty-four years of two cottages and ground, with some waste land near 
 Ireland Green, at a rent of £12. 2s. per annum, covenanting to spend £700 
 in the erection of six or seven substantial cottages ; Mr. Charles Druce also 
 surrendered a lease formerly granted to Alexander Luders, and obtained a 
 new one of eighty-four years at £10 per annum of an old messuage adjoin- 
 ing his dwelling-house, with the garden behind the same, agreeing to pull 
 down the said messuage and erect other substantial buildings. 
 
 A lease was also granted to Mr. Charles Druce, and Mr. George Tappen, 
 the surveyor, of some old tenements on the north side of Dulwich Common, 
 for eighty-four years, at £6 per annum, they covenanting to lay out not 
 less than £1000 in erecting one or two substantial dwelling-houses on 
 the site. 
 
 The passing of this Act had a most beneficial effect upon the revenue of 
 the College, the dividend which on the 4th March 1808 had been £3760 
 increasing to £6500 in 1818, and to £8100 in 1828. 
 
 This result was probably owing to the activity shown by the Society, or 
 by their steward and solicitor, Mr. Druce. 
 
 On the 8th July it was ordered. 
 
 That our Solicitor do write to the respective Tenants whose names are inserted in 
 the first schedule to the Act of Parliament lately passed for extending our Term in 
 letting lands for Buildings stating the Fines to be taken from each, and our determina- 
 tion to take no less than the sum fixed on between M' James and M' Druce. 
 
 On the 25th December 1808, Mr. James, who had been consulted on 
 the 7th March 1806 as to the improvements which might be made on the 
 College estate, issued the following fuU report : — 
 
 Having for the last two years had the improvement of this noble Estate in con- 
 templation, and from time to time explained to the Corporation the different points to 
 be attended to, it is with extreme satisfaction that I now reflect on the removal of the 
 many obstacles to its progress. 
 
 The first principle which I recommended to the CoUege was to do away all re- 
 proach of favouritism by obtaining from Parliament a power to give those assurances 
 legally which were at the time merely honorary, and to all parties unsatisfactory, and 
 in aU future Treaties with the Tenants, to deal with them on terms of the strictest 
 impartiality. This, as might be expected, occasioned a momentary movement of dis- 
 content amongst the Tenants, but with the most sensible part it soon subsided, and 
 now I trust the College is convinced of the propriety of this line of conduct, which 
 will not only make the corporation more respectable but wiU add very materially to 
 its Income. It will, moreover, render the situation of its officers infinitely more 
 comfortable, by having defined lines of conduct laid down in treaties with the Tenants 
 
i8o8.] MR. FAMES' REPORT ON THE ESTATE. 331 
 
 On this principle it was also, that I recommended a resource to be drawn by the fall 
 of the decaying and mature Timber Trees, this of course occasioned some attempts at 
 opposition and great complaints and dissatisfaction amongst Tenants, who, from a 
 liberality in their Landlords bordering on weakness, had taken up fancied ideas of 
 ownership, altogether arising from degrees of favouritism used in their treaties. These 
 however thro' the impartial behaviour of the noble visitor and the firm conduct of the 
 Members of the Corporation were resisted and are now in a great degree silenced. 
 
 The next measure I advised was that of obtaining a Bill for authorizing the College 
 to grant their Lands on Building Leases, and legalize and renew the present existing 
 leases ; and in this Bill I recommended some Clauses to be inserted giving power to 
 the Corporation to remove the College and let the Scite on Building Leases if hereafter 
 thought adviseable. In Parliament this Bill was expected to be opposed but thro' the 
 interest of the warden (M' L. B. Allen) and the indefatigable activity and attention of 
 their Solicitor, it was last Session passed into a Law, and under the warden's advice a 
 Fund will be raised by the Fines on Eenewals of at least £3000, to be employed in 
 repairing or rebuilding the College. 
 
 By the line of conduct adopted by the College and by virtue of the Powers of this 
 Act, a very different aspect the affairs may be expected shortly to assume. The 
 Tenants, who have always been jealous of the Members, and envious of each other, 
 being aU put on an equal footing will now be convinced that equal justice is done. 
 
 Pkesent State. 
 
 Soil and Minerals. — The soil is principally Argilaceous, on the summit are deposited 
 Beds of silicious Gravel, but on the base of the Estate the soil becomes friable and 
 Silty, and in some places a deep hazle or vegetable Loam. So near to the metropolis 
 where all descriptions of Manure can be had at an easy expence, the Land may be 
 made extremely fertile, but from the practice of sowing White Straw Crops in 
 succession, and carrying off the produce, some parts are extremely impoverished. 
 Both Gravel, Sand and Brick Earth are to be met with in the Coppices on the summit 
 and the latter in various parts of the Estate and these are the only Minerals of value 
 in the Estate within a distance to be recovered at a profit. 
 
 Waters and Springs. — The soil being principally Argylaceous the Springs arising 
 in the Estate receive the water from their alternate layers of Gravel and Sand, and 
 consequently their supply must be very scanty. At a considerable depth in a Stratum 
 of Blue Argylaceous Marl called Blue Golt, wiU be found a Chalybeate Spring, im- 
 pregnated with Sulphur and Iron, but owing to the depth at whicli it lies and the 
 Argylaceous nature of the Soil I am not aware of its appearing at any place on the 
 surface of the Estate. 
 
 From the range of Alluvial Hills dividing Surry from Kent, the Eains form an 
 intermittent Stream, the course of which divides this Estate from Lambeth & Streatham 
 and this is the only Stream : indeed, a want of water appears the only inconvenience 
 the Estate is subjected to. 
 
 Woods and Flantations. — The woods and Coppices, since the introduction of Coal, 
 are no longer necessary for the supply of Fuel for the College, and on this account in 
 the last Bill a Clause was introduced impowering the College to grant the same or a 
 part thereof on Building Leases. The produce of this Land does not give an Annual 
 
332 IIISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 profit of more than 15/ per acre, and being at a great distance from the College it is 
 very liable to depredations. 
 
 TiinUr and Fences.— The selection of Timber for falling has materially improved 
 the Scenery of the Estate and especially in the neighbourhood of the College, but it is 
 proper still further to continue the Selection especially about the village. _ The 
 Fences should be attended to and in proper situations at the Angles of the Fields. 
 Plantations should be made, and in general thro' the whole Estate the Ditches want 
 opening and cleansing to take off the surface water. 
 
 Buildings.— ThQ Mansions and villas built by some of the Tenants may vie with 
 any in the Kingdom for Beauty, Elegance & Substantiality. From those Tenements 
 whose Terms have lately expired and are expiring, an idea may be formed of the 
 former state and condition of the Buildings, and the vast increase of the value of the 
 Estate by the recent Grants and the Power wliich the College has now acquired of 
 legalizing these Grants for 84 years, will tend to promote the erection of elegant and 
 substantial Buildings and consequently to the Improvement of the adjacent Estate. 
 
 The College itself is in a state of decay and part of it must of necessity be taken 
 down and rebuilt. The Era is also fast approaching when other parts will be decaying 
 and the consequence will be that a considerable expence will be annually incurred in 
 keeping up and re]pairing the same. 
 
 Tenants and Tenure. — The College having adopted a line of equal conduct towards 
 its Tenants, and having granted Leases to such of them who had expended large sums 
 in Buildings, their connection with them will now be much more respectable and 
 independent than it has heretofore been, and the relative duties will by both parties 
 be much better understood and discharged. But where from its adjacency to and 
 connection with London a change of Tenants is continually taking place, and it is 
 highly expedient that great attention should be paid to the repairing and upholding 
 (and also to the ornamenting) of the different residences and Villas erected and to be 
 erected on the Estate : for this purpose it cannot be too strongly recommended to the 
 College that their Architects and Building Surveyors, should at least every two years, 
 view and report on the Buildings erected on the College, and also view every Building 
 in its progress of Erection to see that the Work is done in so substantial a manner, 
 and that the materials used are so permanent and durable, as that the Fee of the 
 Estate is likely to be improved by the Erections. To tiie want of tliis attention 
 formerly may be attributed the miserable Erections now standing in some parts of the 
 Estate, which on the determination of the Leases, present nothing to the College but a 
 Shadow ; for tho' all is fair without, like a sepulclu'e, the Erection contains nothin" 
 but rottenness and decay within. 
 
 Plan roii Improvement. Piieliiiinaf.y Observations. 
 It is always a reluctant duty which a professional Man has to discharge when 
 concerned for numerous Principals, ibr in all Theories, especially on matters of taste 
 and policy difference of_ opinion even amongst the best informed and best disposed 
 men most frequently arises, and an Agent however anxious he may be to serve his 
 Principals feels his zeal much abated by being continually called upon to explain and 
 frequently opposed, on almost every point wliich he considers necessary to be adopted. 
 Where the whole Estate is vested in Principals these obstacles will occur : but pro- 
 fessional Men arc also retained by Pcrsous who from their avocations, habits and 
 
i8o8.] MR. JAMES REP0R2 ON THE ESTATE. 
 
 333 
 
 pursuits in Life cannot by any possibility be very much acqu.ainted with their pro- 
 fessional principles and practice and where even the parties themselves have only a 
 limited Interest. It must be obvious that'in this case where my Principals (chiefly 
 clergymen) have only Life Interests, I have not a very pleasant sphere of action, 
 neither is it rendered more delightful by the disposition of some of the Tenants and 
 the circumstance of their being now made in a great degree independant of the College. 
 It also sometimes happens that the interest of the life Tenants and of the Eemainder 
 Men are not reciprocal, but I do not perceive that there is any cause for Jealousy on 
 that point having carefully kept in view the Interests of all Parties : the present 
 possessors, the future Members and the objects of this the Founder's Charitable 
 Institution. Essentially to serve a Principal, by carrying a point in negotiation, it is 
 frequently necessary to connect other situations ; the professional appointments I have 
 the Honor to hold under his Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury, the visitor of the 
 College, Earl of Dartmouth and the Trustees of Lord Thurlow may have created 
 jealousies in the minds of some of my Principals. These ought on no account to exist, 
 ibr, I can solemnly declare, that was I not convinced that the Interests of my respective 
 Principals were reciprocal and my ability to serve the College increased, I would 
 instantly have relinquished these engagements. But tlie perverseness of human 
 nature will sometimes induce persons to refrain from benefiting themselves, lest 
 another may also be benefited; this sentiment I am clear does not belong to any 
 member of the College. 
 
 Geneeal Eemaeks. 
 
 The Estate for its Intirety, the beauty and variety of its views, occasioned by the 
 gentle slopes and Undulations of its surface, is scarcely in those respects to be equalled, 
 and certainly not exceeded by any Property in the neighbourhood of London ; bounded 
 on the Korth by the Camberwell, on the East by the Peckham and on the South by 
 the Sydenham Hills, it is embosomed in a rich and fertile vale, whose surface is varied 
 by detached eminences and is thus secluded by its situation from the pageantry of the 
 gay Metropolis, from the bustle and activity of Trade and Commerce, from the noisome 
 air of manufactories and the " busy hum of many men." 
 
 The Estate presents the most desirable situations for numerous villas, which from 
 its variety of Undulations may be made in tire in their views, but it will be necessary 
 to introduce many Eoads and lines of communication to give them this Property, there 
 are also two situations most desirable for the erection of a number of Houses as 
 Villages being the points at which many Eoads and Lines of Comnmnication meet, 
 and these appear to be the ultimate destination of the Property, and which will 
 produce the greatest income to the College without any great advance of Capital. The 
 means by which this Income can be acquired are. 
 By Drainage 
 By Eoads or Lines of Communications. 
 
 Mr. James then discusses at length the drainage of the village of 
 Dulwich, which lie pronounces "to be very defective, and proposes a plan of 
 " main drainage, which, if the whole of it was to be covered, would cost 
 "£912. 14s., but if, as he considered practicable, a considerable part of it 
 " v/as to be open drain, the expense would be only £540. IGs." 
 
 Roads. — The (pestion of new roads is then entered into fully. Mr. 
 
334 
 
 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 James reports the negotiations which he had conducted with the Lambeth 
 Commissioners in order to induce them to somewhat alter the direc- 
 tions of the roads they were making, so that those he contemplated 
 recommending to the College might become continuations thereof. He 
 complains bitterly that the Lambeth Commissioners, after agreeing to 
 his suggestions, and so preventing any opposition to the enclosure of 
 Hall Lane on the part of the College, had broken faith with him, and 
 determined that no alteration whatever would be allowed to take place in 
 their intended line of road. 
 
 He then proposes to make five roads intersecting the College 
 estates, by which a large number of sites suitable for villas would be 
 opened up, and an annual ground rent of £600 obtained. 
 
 Of these new roads. 
 
 No. 1 started at the top of Champion Hill, following very nearly the 
 course of the present (1888) G-reen Lane, and then traversing the estate 
 from north to south, crossed Court Lane near Dulwich Court Farm, and 
 finally joined Terrace Road, now Sydenham Hill, on the borders of Surrey 
 and Kent. 
 
 No. 2 started on the east side of the old College gate, ran through 
 what is now the Dulwich Park, crossed Dulwich Common Road close by 
 the present lodge of Ryecotes, and thence skirting Dulwich Wood, joined 
 No. 1 at the top of the hill. 
 
 No. 3 was an extension of the approach to the Grange, continued up 
 the hill till it joined No. 2. 
 
 No. 4 started from the Common (south-west corner of the present 
 College playing fields), and ran through Kingswood till it left the estate 
 near the site of the Crystal Palace. 
 
 No. 5 followed at first almost exactly the line of the present " Union 
 " Road," and continued a southern course towards Gipsy Hill. 
 
 Mr. James' report proceeds : — 
 
 I advise a Chapel to be erected at the entrance of this line or street exactly- 
 opposite the present College and to be built in a corresponding style of architecture. 
 The Duty might be discharged by the Ecclesiastical Fellows and an increased stipend 
 might be allowed for this extra duty: the expence of this erection (some Timber 
 being allowed from the estate) I think could not exceed £2500, and it is not too much 
 to expect that the seats and sittings would produce after all Stipends, Salaries, repair 
 and expences were deducted £300 a year : Surely this expenditure of Capital would 
 be_ prudent and by this means the Establishment might retain its present situation 
 being repaired and ornamented and proper out offices erected. 
 
 The situation of this Town or Village would then be on a triangle, two limbs 
 diverging on a base fronting the south and open to the Common and the°old Inclosures, 
 affordmg by its intersecting conmiunications a free circulation of air and by its eleva- 
 tion a sufficient drainage. 
 
i8o8.] MR. JAMES REPORT ON THE ESTATE. 335 
 
 I recommend this Common to be always kept an open Pasture fenced by a Post or 
 Rail against tbe Eoads only and to be used as a key. This will be a great conveni- 
 ence to the Inhabitants and yield considerable Income to the College. By this 
 respectable Persons will be induced to build respectable Villas on its margin and the 
 neighbourhood -will become most genteel and select. The situation of Herdsman 
 might be filled by some one of the old men, and the Common put under proper 
 regulations, or if this was thought objectionable a right to depasture a Cow or Horse 
 might be granted to the Families residing round the Common. 
 
 By the excavation of Brick Earth along the front of the Common, Eeservoirs might 
 be made to receive the water to be enticed into them by the Ditches by the Eoad side 
 from the North to the South, and thus interrupting all the Water which descends from 
 the HUls over the whole Estate, giving a head of water for scouring of the Drains and 
 for occasional supply of the Houses. 
 
 The scite at Camberwell Hill might also be let off for the erection of small Houses 
 and an Income of £200 naight be derived from that spot. 
 
 The land above the Terrace Road * should be let oiT in Plots of from 4 to 6 acres 
 and will produce an Income of £600 in a few years. 
 
 The land immediately below the Terrace may be let off in Plots of from 10 to 15 
 acres and kept in Paddocks to give it a Parklike appearance. The Land adjoining 
 should be let in small fronts, and giving greater depth so as to get a row of Houses 
 built on both sides, from 1 to 4 acres is quite sufficient for each House ; aU the Land 
 that is requisite being for a Garden, pleasure Ground and Paddock for Horses, and by 
 this means the price of this Land will be enhanced, and thus indirectly a full Rent 
 will arise from the Common Land. 
 
 The residue of the Estate I recommend to be let in Plots from 8 to 12 acres, and as 
 the different lines of Road make these Plots intireties I cannot doubt they will be very 
 soon let. It is however material to remark that great address and management are 
 necessary in these negociations, and in the selection of tenants, in the first publishing 
 of the business. 
 
 This is a matter of detail as well as the particulars of valuations and order in which 
 the Land should be let, and therefore not necessary to be introduced in a general 
 Report. It would be adviseable to give every encouragement to Builders and for that 
 purpose I recommend the College to allow the Tenants to make Bricks on their Land 
 free from Royalty, to be only employed on the College estate. I have selected the 
 situations for Cottages to be erected on the Estate. 
 
 Mr. James also recommended the erection of five cottages, three of 
 which were to be used as toll-houses. 
 
 Summary of Valuation and Income on Building Lease when Improvements 
 
 ARE completed. 
 
 a. r. p. £ s. d. 
 
 Section I. This Plot of Land bounded by the projected 
 
 new Roads cont^. . . . .68—18 1017 7 — 
 
 II. A very valuable Plot of Land commanding 
 
 beautiful views cont* . . . 54 1 16 602 4 — 
 
 ' Now Sydenham Hill and Crescent Eoad, but often in former years styled County Terrace, as 
 dividing Surrey and Kent. 
 
336 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 a. r. p. Si s. d. 
 
 Sect. III. Plot of Land next Lordship Lane with the 
 
 houses and Buildings thereon . . 56 1 21 792 18 11 
 
 IV. Plot of Land extending to the summit of the 
 Estate and commanding the most exten- 
 sive views adjoining the principal Eoads . 136 3 37 1095 17 — 
 V. A very valuable Plot of Land in the centre 
 
 of the Estate . . . . 37 3 37 493 15 1 
 
 VI. Ditto and with commanding situations 
 
 thereon . . . . .51 — — 611 
 
 VII. A valuable tract of Land commanding most 
 
 beautiful and picturesque views . . 125 2 — 1129 10 — 
 
 VIII. Plot of Land in the centre of the Estate sur- 
 rounded by the Principal roads and the 
 
 common . . . . . 100 2 3 1105 14 2 
 
 IX. Ditto adjoining Norwood . . .94—18 1035 4 9 
 
 X. Plot of Land comprizing the Common and 
 
 abutting on Hall Lane . . . 133 2 30 985 16 3 
 
 XL Plot of Land surrounded by roads with 
 Buildmgs thereon adjoining Common con- 
 taining very valuable Plot of Ground . 38 — 30 518 5 — 
 XII. being interior of proposed Scite of ncAV 
 
 village surrounded by principal Eoads . 40 3 12 1220 12 6 
 
 XIII. Do. in the centre of the Estate adjoining 
 
 the above with valuable Houses therein & 
 
 commanding views . . . 77 3 5 1766 14 2 
 
 XIV. A large compact and valuable tract of 
 
 Ground in the centre of the Estate situated 
 between the Village & the Norwood Eoad 
 
 having many capital Villas thereon . 210 1 6 1850 15 — 
 
 XV. A small compact plot of Ground on a 
 pleasant declivity adjoining the Eoad to 
 
 Norwood commanding beautiful views . 15 1 33 309 1 6 
 XVI. Large tract of most valuable Ground on the 
 declivity of Denmark Hill having a 
 Southern aspect and with several beautiful 
 villas within Z\ miles of London . . 143 2 35 946 14 
 
 Total . . 1390 3 21 15481 9 4 
 
 Total annual value Fifteen thousand four hundred and eighty one Pounds. 
 
 W. James. 
 
 Eemarks. 
 
 This summary is made from data taken from the Estimate of Land now let for 
 residence of 21 years Lease at rack rent and in hand of the College as soon as the 
 Eoads are completed so as to give the conveniency of allotting the Lands for Buildino's 
 These Eoads should therefore be begun and prosecuted regularly till the whole are 
 
i8o9-] MR. JAMES' PROPOSALS DECLINED. 337 
 
 complete-:!, and ati additional Fund may be raised for that purpose by the selection of 
 Timber now at maturity and by sale of the Underwood. 
 
 The valuation is taken on Leases to be granted for 84 years, and I cannot entertain 
 a doubt but that this Rental may in a few years be obtained. The improvement will 
 however depend very much on the manner of negociating the Lettitigs, and tlie caution 
 preserved by the College in not exposing too much of their Business to the Public. I 
 cannot entertain any doubt of obtaining this Eental if I am retained to conduct the 
 Improvements and negociations without the interference of any other Persons in these 
 respects. Of course in all architectural and legal business I shall have no iuterfer- 
 ence, the College having two most respectable OfUcers in these departments with 
 whom I have hitherto had the happiness of transacting their Buijiness on the most 
 amicable terras. 
 
 ^liew Boswell Court (xeneral Land Agent. 
 
 25"' December 1808. 
 
 Upon consideration of this report, the following resolution was passed 
 at a Private Sittings on the 27th January 1809 : — 
 
 Tlie report of M' "William James with the Plans annexed being submitted to the 
 consideration of the House : they approve of that part of tlie Plan, which recommends 
 a Road to be made from the Common thro' Round Green, up the Hill; and likewise the 
 Road from thence thro' the woods, and order that it be referred to M"' James to report 
 to the College the expense of making these Roads and to consider of the means by 
 which the same may be raised so as not to diminisli the present Revenue of the 
 College and to give to the present members some portion of the increased Rental by 
 improvement. The Society defer the consideration of the other parts of the Report 
 and Plan for the present. 
 
 Ordered that M"' Druce do write to M"" James and confer v/ith him on the subject. 
 
 This order was signed by the Master, Warden, and all the four Fellows, 
 but the Master at some subsequent date not mentioned added the following 
 memorandum : — 
 
 Having upon enqxiiry found, that if this Order was caiTied into execution, it would 
 be attended by a present extreme expense of 3 or 4000£, I think it my duty as Master 
 of the College, in order to prevent that great Expenditure to Revoke my Consent to 
 the above order. 
 
 Will" Alle\. 
 
 It appears that Mr, James endeavoured to have the roads made, not- 
 withstanding this protest, and even offered to find the money, for on the 
 2nd May 1809, the following minute is made in the handwriting of Mr. C. 
 Druce : — 
 
 Having received M' James' Proposal in answer to our order of Janry 27"" last. 
 We are of Opinion that we cannot at Present carry the same into Execution. 
 
 We are however of Opinion that M' James is entitled to our Gratitude for the 
 liberality of his Offer to advance Money towards the Improvement of our Estute. 
 Ordered that our Solicitor do write to M' James to inform him of o\]r Rei=olution. 
 VOL. I. 2 u 
 
338 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 It will be seen that Mr. James' suggestions were of a large and liberal 
 nature, and, if carried out, might have been the means of saving the 
 Corporation from annihilation, as the great increase of income which must 
 have arisen thereby would necessarily have stirred the members up to use 
 some of the proceeds for the public benefit, instead of simply putting 
 them into their own pockets. 
 
 Mr. James' advice, that the Common should always be kept as an open 
 space, was not adopted ; but in these latter days the large space (over 40 
 acres) attached to the College, and the new park (about 70 acres), recently 
 (1888) laid out by the Metropolitan Board of Works, to a large extent fulfil 
 Mr. James' desire for adequate open spaces. 
 
 Few of his ideas as to roads have been carried out, but others have 
 been made for the purpose of developing the estate, which would probably 
 satisfy him could he return to this life to again survey the scene of his 
 labours. 
 
 On the 3rd February 1809 the Society took a step involving a new 
 departure from the literal terms of the statutes, in dispensing with the 
 waiting of the scholars at table. 
 
 The order at Private Sittings was as follows : — 
 
 It having been found by experience that the Admission of the boys belonging to 
 the College to wait at dinner on the Master, Warden and Fellows is attended with 
 many disadvantages : Ordered that for the future in lieu thereof, a Boy be kept under 
 the Butler to wait at dinner and do other things necessary for the Establishment and 
 that the Butler be desired to look out for one who may answer the intended purpose, 
 & to be under his control. 
 
 On the 14th April 1809 it was particularly resolved, that 
 
 we should meet next Friday in consultation, for the purpose of giving public notice 
 (which we have for three years neglected) of the beautiful situations we have on our 
 estate for building. For which purpose, we should immediately have various painted 
 boards got ready in order to be placed in proper parts around : that the Public may 
 know our intentions and make choice of the charming Spots to build upon : being 
 invited for information to the College and to our Surveyor in regard to the terms and 
 conditions which the land is to be lett upon. 
 
 On the 4th September 1809 it was ordered, 
 
 That from henceforth the Master, Warden and Four Fellows be allowed Coals and 
 Candles at the charge of the College not exceeding annually Four Chaldron of Coals 
 and two dozen pounds of Candles to be consumed and used within the College and 
 not elsewhere on any account but no more of those quantities to be ordered than each 
 member shall iind necessary for his use within the college. And in consideration 
 thereof the allowance heretofore made in lieu of Faggots for Fuel to cease. 
 
 On the 29th September 1809, Mr. John Scott, of Penge, who had a 
 
Tart ofDulwicp College 
 
 'Probably aboul 
 
 1790-1810. 
 
i8ii.] THE BOURGEOIS PICTURE GALLERY. 
 
 339 
 
 lease of two fields and a road, surrendered the same on the expiry of his 
 lease, and the College took possession, continuing Mrs. Clarke in the collec- 
 tion of the toll at the turnpike on the road, at a salary of three shillings 
 per week, and permitting Mr. or Mrs. Scott to pass in a carriage free, 
 the said John Scott paying the first time of passing the regular toll gate, 
 for the purpose of fixing and ascertaining the right and claim of the College 
 to the road aforesaid. 
 
 As a further proof of the appreciation of the College of the importance 
 of roads, the following order, made on the 3rd November 1809, may be 
 cited : — 
 
 Ordered that M' James Marshall do get the Eoad measured from the Elephant 
 and Castle, through Dulwich and Beckenham to Bromley. And that a Finger Post 
 be erected at the former Place pointing out the distance to each of the three latter 
 places. And that another Finger Post be erected on the Common, the Eoad widened 
 and the Arch extended opposite to the Wind mill. 
 
 And on the 30th March 1810 it was ordered, 
 
 That our Solicitor do write to M' Scott requesting he will have the goodness to send 
 us his Proposals in writing respecting the continuation of Morgans Eoad towards 
 Croydon. 
 
 And again on the 26th February 1811 it was ordered, 
 
 That the profits arising from the Toll on the Penge Eoad be applied to the widening 
 and keeping in repair that Eoad and the expence of forming the new one across the 
 Common towards M' Vizard's Premises. 
 
 On the 14th April 1811, William Allen, the Master, died, and Lancelot 
 Baugh Allen, the Warden, succeeded him. The election of a new Warden 
 took place on the 29th April, and resulted in the choice of John 
 Allen,* who was, as Warden and Master, a member of the Society for nearly 
 thirty-two years. No notice of the election occurs in the College books, 
 but the original voting paper has been recently found among the archives. 
 From this it appears that he drew lots with Thomas Griffiths Allen, of the 
 Koyal Navy, there being only four candidates, one of whom was William 
 Allen, of the Bank of England, who had unsuccessfully drawn lots with 
 Lancelot Baugh Allen in 1805. 
 
 On the 7th January 1811, Sir Peter Francis Bourgeois, R.A., died, by his 
 will bequeathing to the College, at the death of Mrs. Desenfans, the valuable 
 collection of pictures which now (with the Cartwright Bequest) form the 
 Dulwich Picture Gallery. He also bequeathed £10,000 for their mainten- 
 ance, and a further sum of £2000 towards rebuilding or repairing the 
 existing picture gallery and the west wing of the College. The residue of 
 
 * See Vol. II. for a full notice of John Allen, better known as " Holland House Allen." 
 
i'l'- 
 
 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 liis estate was likewise bequeatlied to the College, but tlie major part of 
 this reverted to his next-of-kin in consequence of the bequest being void 
 under the statute of mortmain. 
 
 The circumstances under which this collection was formed by Mr. 
 Desenfans are recorded in the subsequent chapter on this subject, as wcU 
 as in the catalogue of the gallery by Jean Paul Richter, Ph.D., and Mr. 
 John C. L. Sparkes, published in 1880. The minute of the Private Sittings 
 held on the 12th July 1811, thus records the proceedings consequent on 
 the bequest : — 
 
 The late Sir Francis Bourgeois having died on the V"' of Jamy last, and 
 bequeathed to the Master, "Warden and Fellows of this Society his valuable collec- 
 tion of Pictures (after the death of M" Desenfans of Charlotte Street Portland 
 Place) together with £2000 towards the erection of a Gallery to contain them, and 
 also made the Master, "Warden and Fellows his residuary legatees after the death of 
 M" Desenfans, and she having made known her wishes to them that a Gallery should 
 be immediately erected, and that she is willing to contribute the said £2000 towards 
 the erection of such gallery as soon as it should be wanted, and to give up the 
 possession of the Pictures as soon as the Gallery is ready to receive them : Resolved 
 That it is therefore expedient to erect a Gallery without delay if we have the means of 
 doing so. 
 
 Sir Francis Bourgeois having in his last Illness expressed a wish in the presence 
 of the Master the 3'* Fellow and E. M. GreenweU Esq* his executors that John 
 Soane Esq. of Lincoln's Inn Fields should be the Architect employed by the College, 
 and that a INIausoleum should be erected to contain his own Body and those of M"" & 
 M" Desenfans, the expence of which his Executors are empowered to defray: Eesolved 
 That it is just and proper in all respects as far as we are able to comply with the 
 wishes of so munificent a Benefactor. 
 
 M' Soane having accurately surveyed our College has stated his opinion that from 
 the ruinous state of tlie present west -vi'lng which contains the Picture Gallery and the 
 poor Sisters Eooms the whole must be taken down and that in the Back yard at right 
 angles to our present Kitchen would be a more convenient scite to erect such Picture 
 Gallery, and also to build new apartments for the better accommodation of the poor 
 Sisters, who now reside in the West wing and having been requested to produce a 
 Plan, He has done so, which after some alteration we have approved : Eesolved that 
 it is expedient, if possible, to carry such Plan into execution immediately. 
 
 It being essential to know the extent of the expence to be incurred, before we 
 commence an undertaking of such importance, we have applied for, and obtained from 
 M' Soane an estimate of the expence of building and completing the Gallery, 
 Mausoleum and Eoouis for the residence of the Poor Sisters according to his Plan 
 wbich amounts in the whole to the sum of {l(,ft llank). 
 
 Our Fund for rebuilding the "West "Wing amounts to £9450 3 per cent. Consols 
 which at the present price of Stocks may be considered worth £5800 (about 61| per 
 cent.). To this may be added Sir Francis Bourgeois' Legacy of £2000 agreed to be 
 relinquished by M" Desenfans on condition of immediately erecting th°e Gallery, 
 making the whole sum we have for rebuilding the "West "Wing and Gallery £780o! 
 So that after making a Deduction of £1000 for the Mausoleum included in the 
 
iSii.] THE NEW PICTURE GALLERY AND WEST WING. 341 
 
 Estimate and to be supplied by the Executors out of their Fuuds, there will still 
 remain a deficieucy of near £3000* 
 
 M' Soane has very handsomely offered to assist the College in making up any 
 Beiiciericy which may arise upon the best security the College can aiford him, our 
 warm acknowledgements are tlierefore due to him, but in a business of such serious 
 importance it becomes the Duty of the present Master, Warden and Fellows before 
 they involve themselves in such an undertaking, to take due precaution that the 
 estimate be not exceeded, and that the work be done according to the estimate ; so 
 that we may be justified by having some assurance in writing, to shew that we have 
 not run into wanton or unnecessary expences, nor done any act which can involve our 
 successors in DifTiculties : With these Qualifications, It is resolved that John Soane 
 Esq', be authorized forthwith to build a new West Wing to the College, in lieu of the 
 decayed one in the situation before described, the same to comprehend a Picture 
 Gallery, and Eesidence for the poor Sisters, according to his Plan, and that a 
 Mausoleum be attached thereto, as directed by the will: Also that Charles Druce 
 Esq. our Steward do wait upon him, and obtain the necessary assurances respecting 
 the expence of the Completion of the work. 
 
 This unusually elaborate minute is signed by all the Society, except 
 Mr. E. Dowell, the organist. 
 
 On the 10th of October 1811, the following letters, etc., which explain 
 themselves, were entered in the Private Sittings book : — 
 
 No. 1. Copy of a Letter from John Soane, Esq., to Chas. Druce, Esq., dated Lincoln's 
 
 Inn Fields, August 5, 1811. 
 
 Sir, — I am favoured with your letter of the 30'" ult° inclosing a copy of the Minutes 
 of the Private Sittings at Dulwich College of 12"" of July 1811, to which I beg leave 
 to refer : I will thank you to state to the Master, Warden and Fellows of Dulwich 
 College that I have reconsidered the Estimates for building, in a plain and substantial 
 manner, a Mausoleum, a Gallery to contain the pictures bequeathed by the late Sir 
 Francis Bourgeois and also for building apartments for the better accommodation of 
 the Poor Sisters, according to the designs submitted; I have likewise applied to 
 different workmen to know on what terms they would undertake to do the several 
 ■works, and the result has been that I see no reason to alter ray opinion of the expense 
 of executing the designs proposed, amounting to Eleven thousand two hundred and 
 seventy pounds, which sum includes One thousand pounds for the Mausoleum. You 
 will be pleased to assure the Master, Warden and Fellows that every attention in my 
 power shall be paid to economise the expenditure as far as is consistent with solidity 
 and durability of construction. 
 
 I am &c. 
 
 To Chas. Druce, Esq'. John Soane, Arch'; 
 
 * The fund for rebuilding was ..... £5800 
 
 Mrs. Desenfans cedes ...... 2000 
 
 The Executors pay for Mausoleum .... 1000 
 
 £8800 
 So that the estimate left blanlc above must have been about £U,5C0 ; but the subsequent letter 
 shows that it was actually £11,270, 
 
342 
 
 HISTORY OF D UL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 No. 2. Extract of a Letter from Chas. Druce, Esq., to Jolin Soane, Esq., dated 
 
 August 22, 1811. 
 
 Sir, — Since I had the pleasure of writing to you the Gentlemen of the College have 
 met and have been considering about the proposed undertaking. The result is, that 
 they do not think it prudent to begin a work of such magnitude until they are 
 assured by means of contracts with those who are to perform, or in any other way you 
 can point out, that they cannot be called upon for any sum beyond the Estimate. 
 Being in this character of Trustees they think they ought not to proceed on any but 
 certain grounds, and having only those limited means which they have explained, if 
 there should happen any excess beyond what they contemplate, they might not be 
 able either to pay or give satisfactory security for the same. 
 
 No. 3. Copy of a Note from Mrs. Desenfans to John Soane, Esq., dated 19th September 
 1811, and by him laid before the College on the 26th of the said month. 
 
 As the only consolation Mrs. Desenfans can receive in this life will be to see the 
 wishes and intentions of her dear friend Sir Francis Bourgeois, carried into eft'ect in 
 the most compleat and expeditious manner. She is willing that the whole money 
 required for the purpose should be raised in the same manner as was that for the 
 legacies and other necessary demands, if it meets the approbation of the Master and 
 Warden of the College. 
 
 No. 4. Minute of the Eesolutions adopted at the Private Sittings of the College, 
 
 September 26, 1811. 
 
 M' Soane attended at the College this day and signified the desire of M" Desenfans 
 that the Gallery for the reception of the Pictures bequeathed by the late Sir Prancis 
 Bourgeois should be immediately erected, and produced a letter to him from M" 
 Desenfans in which she offered to advance whatever money would be requisite for the 
 purpose. M' Soane's estimate was referred to which amounted to £11,270, including 
 the Gallery, Mausoleum and new apartments for the poor Sisters, and it appearing 
 that the funds of the College applicable to the purpose amounted to near £6000. It 
 was resolved that if M" Desenfans would advance a sum of £6000, the College would 
 immediately proceed with the building according to the plan proposed by M"' Soane to 
 which the above mentioned Estimate refers. This resolution was communicated to 
 M' Soane with an intimation that he should receive an answer to that effect in writing 
 from M' Druce, Steward of the College, who was thereupon directed to write to M'' 
 Soane expressing the thanks of the College to M" Desenfans for her liberal offer, but 
 declining to accept any greater sum than £6000 which was deemed sufficient with the 
 aid of the_ College funds to complete the intended Buildings. It being understood 
 that the said £6000 was to be considered as including the sum of £2000 directed to 
 be applied by Sir Francis Bourgeois towards erecting the gallery. 
 
 The College having at the same time taken into their consideration, that from all 
 the information they have been able to collect since passing their order of the 12"' of 
 July last, it appears to be unusual for Buildings of the nature of the proposed new 
 West Wing to be executed by contract, impossible to find any Architect or Surveyor 
 who would enter into such a contract, and unadvisable for persons in their situation 
 to make contracts for the execution of the work in details with inferior Tradesmen do 
 therefore resolve to rest satisfied with the general estimate contained in M' Soane's 
 
i8ii.] NECESSARY FUNDS PROVIDED BY MR. DESENFANS. 343 
 
 Ifitter to M' Druce of the 5"" of August last, trusting to the care and judgment of W 
 Soane, that every unnecessary expence will be avoided and the building completed in 
 the most economical manner consistent with the stability and due execution of the 
 work. 
 
 No. 5. Copy of a Letter from Chas. Druce, Esq., to John Soane, Esq., dated 
 
 27th September 1811. 
 
 Dear Sir, — In consequence of your having communicated the kind intentions of 
 M" Desenfans as expressed in her letter to you, I am directed by the Master, Warden 
 and Fellows of Dulwich College to express their obligations to her for her munificent 
 offer, and to say that they could not think of accepting more than what may be 
 requisite to complete the work with the addition of their own funds. They have 
 about £6000 and if M" Desenfans contributes a like sum of £6000 they hope it will 
 be sufficient and not in any way deprive her of a necessary comfort. I am particularly 
 directed to beg that you will convey to M" Desenfans the gratitude of the College for 
 her liberal offer with an assurance that on such an arrangement being made they will 
 be ready to proceed and happy to do everything which may tend to her satisfaction 
 and comfort. 
 
 I am &c. 
 To John Soane Esq"". Signed Chas. Deuce. 
 
 No. 6. Copy of a Letter from Mrs. Desenfans to the Master, Warden, and Fellows of 
 God's Gift College in Dulwich, and the Executors of the late Sir Francis Bourgeois, 
 dated 3rd October 1811. 
 
 Gentlemen, 
 
 Havino' expressed my desire to you that the intentions of my late friend Sir Francis 
 Bourgeois°should be carried into effect in my lifetime so far as relates to the building 
 of a Gallery for the reception of his collection of Pictures and a Mausoleum, and 
 understanding from you through M' Soane that a sum of £6000 in addition to your 
 own funds will be requisite for the purpose of building the Gallery and Mausoleum 
 with new habitations for the poor sisters of the College, I request that the same may 
 be carried into immediate execution and I direct and authorize the Exfs of the late 
 Sir Francis Bourgeois to raise the said sum of £6000 out of his personal estate and 
 apply the same towards the expence of erecting the said Gallery, Mausoleum, and 
 habitations of the said poor Sisters in aid of the College funds, in order that the 
 collection of pictures may be placed therein with as little delay as possible. I 
 relinquish my life interest in the £6000 so to be raised and applied and I engage to 
 execute any other authority which the Executors may deem requisite for the purpose. 
 
 Oct' 3^ 1811 (Signed) Maegaeet Desenfans. 
 
 To the Master, Warden & Fellows of God's Gift College in 
 Dulwich and the Executors of the late Sir Francis 
 Bourgeois. 
 
 No. 7. Eesolution adopted at the Present Sitting, 10th October 1811. 
 
 A letter was received from M" Desenfans dated the V" inst. in which she engages 
 to advance a sum of £6000 to be applied in addition to the College Funds, in erecting 
 
344 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 a picture Gallery, Mausoleum and new Habitations for the Poor Sisters, and autliorizing 
 the Executors of the late Sir Erancis Bourgeois to advance the said sum out of his 
 personal estate. It was therefore Eesolved, that the said buildings be erected according 
 to the plan of M' Soane approved of by the College, and that M' Soane be and is here- 
 by authorized immediately to proceed with the same, And that a copy of this resolution 
 and that of the 26'" of September be transmitted to M' Soane as his authority. 
 
 The work was accordingly proceeded with, and must have made con- 
 siderable progress during the next six months, for on the 29th May 1812, 
 Mr. JuUian, the second Fellow, records in the Private Sittings book that he 
 " thinks it expedient to recommend to the Society their taking under 
 " consideration a letter respecting the warming by steam the Picture 
 " Gallery and Chapel ; " and at the next meeting on the 5th June, it is 
 ordered " that the picture Gallery be heated by steam and Messrs. Bolton 
 " and Watt* having agreed to execute the same for Two hundred and 
 " seventy pounds, that they be directed to do the same." Mrs, Desenfans 
 died in 1814, when the Galler}'- was almost completed; on the 18th June 
 in that year the following minute occurs : — 
 
 The Master having been requested to find out a Person willing to remove the 
 Pictures from the house of the late M" Desenfans to the Gallery here, after some 
 enquiries has received an offer from MF Morton of Swallow Street to bring them down 
 safe for the sum of £35 : Ordered that the Master be authorized to conclude an agree- 
 ment with him upon the above terms. 
 
 _The_ pictures were accordingly brought to Dulwich, and the College, 
 taking into consideration the services of James Gill, v^^ho had had the care 
 of the collection in Charlotte Street, Portland Place, since the decease of 
 Mrs. Desenfans, awarded him on the 14th July 1814 the sum of £150, "as 
 " a compensation over and above his expences for living during that time." 
 
 On the same day it is recorded that " Having received a very satisfactory 
 " character of John Bonham from Sir Samuel Romilly in whose service he 
 " had lived for upwards of eight years. Ordered that he be hired as a 
 " servant to have the care of the Picture Gallery at £80 a year wages, 
 " Liveries, and rooms in the house late the ' French Horn.' " + 
 
 John Bonham had apparently the aole care of the pictures until October 
 1816, when Mr. Ealph Cockburn, an artist of some note, was appointed 
 keeper and custodian of the gallery and its contents. 
 
 The accounts of the mixed Bourgeois and West Wing Fund were finally 
 closed on the 20th December 1817, and the balance of £115. 5s. handed 
 over to the general repairing fund of the College. Mrs. Desenfans, besides 
 
 • Tliese were the sons of Mattliew Bolton and of James ^Vatt, the cekhrated enajneers 
 t Afterwards the residence of the Head Master of the Grammar School (erected 1842) and later 
 used as a National School, with rooms for the Echoobnarter and mistress, Mr and Mrs T^jou 
 
i8i2.] LEASE OF THE COMMON. 
 
 345 
 
 the munificent gift of her life interest in the sum of £6000, left by will to 
 the College the sum of £500, out of the interest of which an annual dinner 
 was to be •provided for the President and Council of the Royal Academy, 
 on the occasion of their ofiicial visit to the Gallery. She also left plate and 
 linen for use on the same occasions.* 
 
 Taking advantage of the new Enclosure Act, the College proceeded to let 
 the Common, as appears by the following minute of " Private Sittings," held 
 on the 24th January 1812 : — 
 
 M' Lett having made us a proposal to take the Common on a lease of 21 years at 
 
 a yearly rent of £2 per acre and to plant the same immediately both as to plantations 
 
 and single Trees or clumps in such manner as the College shall approve ; either by 
 
 M' Thomas Milne of I'ulliam or by any other Person of whose skill and abilities they 
 
 ay have a good opinion and undertaking to fence round the same with a Rail or 
 
 nee which shall not be higher than two feet, but to have no Fences or Divisions in 
 
 -ternal part of the Common otherwise than the Drains or Ditches and the Fences 
 
 .lie Trees and Plantations and also undertaking, that, if it shall be necessary to 
 
 .ugh up the whole or any part thereof for the better laying it down into Grass, that 
 
 it shall not be done at the same time, and that the whole shall be laid down into 
 
 meadow or pasture within three years from the breaking up the same, and that a space 
 
 be left by the side of the road from the new Plantation in a line towards the windmill, 
 
 and that a Eoad of considerable breadth be left on the South side of the Common 
 
 leading from such Plantation towards the Gypsey House. 
 
 Ordered that M' Lett have a lease of the Common for such term and Rent and 
 conformable to such conditions.! 
 
 The Society appear also about this time to have contemplated a con- 
 siderable increase in the facilities for the education of the poor children 
 of the hamlet of Dulwich, as is shown by the following minute, dated 1 1th 
 December 1812:— 
 
 A letter from John Bowles Esq' to the Senior Fellow requesting the College as a 
 Corporation to contribute to the erection of a Charity school at Camberwell in 
 connection with the National Society for the Education of the poor having been read 
 and taken into consideration, it was the unanimous opinion of the College that having 
 under their immediate patronage a Charity School at Dulwich for the Education of 
 tlie poor children of that hamlet (independent of the poor Scholars on the foundation 
 of the College) which they intend speedily to place on a more extensive footing and to 
 conduct on the prmciples of the system of education introduced into this country by 
 D' Bell and M' Lancaster, it is unnecessary for them to contribirte to the expence of 
 another charity directed to the same end. 
 
 The intention indicated was not, however, carried out until 1842, and 
 then only partially. 
 
 It would appear that although the College entirely repudiated any 
 
 * Further particulars will be found in Chapter XVIII. on "The Picture Galleries." 
 t Mr Lett^s plantaj;ions liow form part of tli.e College groundB and playing fields. 
 
 ' ■ - 2 X 
 
 VOL. I. 
 
346 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 liability in connection with the thirty out-members, they were in the habit 
 of making an annual present of coals to the inmates of the almshouses in 
 their respective parishes, for on the 11th December 1812 an order is made 
 " that M'^ Garner be desired to send the usual allowance of coals to the 
 " Alms houses in the parishes of S* Botolphs, S' Saviours and S' Luke's." 
 
 On the same day the following order was made respecting the wine to 
 be drunk at the College table : — 
 
 Ordered that the consumption of wine at the College table shall not exceed three 
 bottles on any one day, unless there be present more than six persons of the following 
 descriptions viz. members of the College, Steward and Surveyor of the College, Clergy- 
 men officiating at the chapel of the College on Sundays or fast days, Candidates for 
 the office of Warden or for fellowships, persons invited to dinner on the business <"'' 
 the College : a pint of wine extra being allowed for every such person making a great 
 number than six. 
 
 And if the Consumption of Wine on any one day should exceed the above allof^ 
 the excess shall be charged against the person or persons who may have given oi 
 for the same by bringing a friend or friends to the College table, or in case no strange 
 have been present it shall be charged against the Master, Warden or Fellow who 
 happened that day to preside at the College table. 
 
 That Audit days and Eent days be excepted from the preceding regulation. 
 
 On the 24th July 1814 a departure from the statutes concerning the 
 disposition of the goods of the poor brethren and sisters after their decease, 
 was formally authorized by the following minute : — 
 
 Whereas by the statutes concerning the poor and their goods it is ordained that 
 the Warden on the decease of any poor brother or sister shall cause the goods and 
 chattels of the deceased to be sold and divided into twelve parts whereof the Matron 
 of the scholars to have a double share and the others to have single shares. Now at a 
 meeting this day of the poor brothers and sisters it was agreed among them that on 
 the decease of any poor brother and sister in future their goods and chattels should 
 not be sold or divided and that each should have the liberty of disposing of their 
 goods and chattels on their decease at their free will and pleasure. And in regard the 
 Matron relinquishes her double share it is agreed that she shall have five shillings per 
 quarter paid to her by the College in addition to two shillings and sixpence per 
 quarter now allowed to her for her care of the poor scholars. 
 
 On the same day it was resolved to expend a sum of nine hundred 
 pounds to finish the poor sisters' apartments in the new west wing, accord- 
 ing to the plan and particulars signed by the surveyor Mr. George Tappen, 
 and six hundred and fifty pounds, in addition to the materials of the old 
 stable in front of the picture gallery, for the erection of new stables and 
 coach-house, according to a plan and statement of particulars, also prepared 
 by the surveyor ; and it was also ordered " that a new Eoad be made from 
 " Lordship Lane nearly opposite M' Highmore's House in a direction 
 " measured out by our Bailiflf to Dulwich Court Farm ; and amounting to 
 
i8i6.] A NEW FOUNDERS TOMB, 347 
 
 "76 Eood. The Bailiff undertaking to get the same finished at £2. 7s. 6d. 
 " per Eood or £180. 10s. in the whole." •■ 
 
 On the 16th February 1815 it was ordered that "the mill* and old 
 " houses on the Common now in the occupation of Thos. Kemp be pulled 
 " down and the old materials sold to him on the valuation of M'' Holmes 
 " of Lewisham the auctioneer, at and for the sum of £110: M"" Kemp being 
 " willing to pay the same on or before the l^' of next August." 
 
 On the 28th January 1816 the following is recorded : — 
 
 Whereas Bernard Ellis one of tbe poor Brethren of this College, has been con- 
 victed on the testimony of several persons of having taken indecent liberties with 
 Mary Ann Birch, whom he had introduced into the College under the false character 
 of his Niece but who was in fact no relation to him, the said Mary Ann Birch was 
 immediately on the fact being made known to the master, ordered to quit the College 
 and never to return, but the conduct of Bernard Ellis requiring more mature con- 
 sideration, it was this day after much deliberation resolved that the said Bernard Ellis 
 be enjoined by the Master to absent himself from the College till the 4'" of February 
 next and that he be fined one month's pension, and that this order be read to all the 
 poor brethren and sisters in Hall assembled, to mark our reprobation of his conduct 
 and to remind them of the obligation imposed on them by our Founder to be persons 
 of religious and sober lives and conversations. 
 
 On the 23rd May 1816 it was ordered, 
 That in consideration of the low price of Corn a deduction of 30 per cent be made iu 
 the rent of £73. 10s. due by Eobert Eidley upon land in his occupation under the 
 Plough for the terms of Lady Day and Michaelmas next, said deduction amounting to 
 £22 and that for the same reason a deduction of 20 per cent be made in the rent of 
 £48 due by Thomas Kemp for the same terms on condition of his delivering up 
 possession of the site of the late Windmill and premises formerly held by liim of the 
 College on or before the 1" of June, said deduction amounting to £9. I2s. 
 
 The price of wheat appears, by Tookes* History of Prices (vol. i. p. 
 341), to have been 155s. per quarter in August 1812, 121s. in December 
 1812, 112s. in August 1813, 73s. 6d. in December 1813, 66s. 5d. in July 
 1814, 53s. 7d. in December 1815, and 52s. 6d. in January 1816. This 
 was the lowest price recorded since 1804. From this time prices rose, 
 wheat being 74s. a quarter in May 1816, and reaching 135s. on the 14th 
 
 June 1817. 
 
 On the 31st May 1816 it was ordered, " that a new Turret Clock to go 
 " 8 days and to strike the quarters be erected in the North Tower of the 
 " Colleo-e according to the estimates of M'' Massey," and " that a handsome 
 " black°Marble grave stone with the Founders Arms upon it be laid down 
 " in the chapel in lieu of the present one which is much defaced." t 
 
 * THs windmill stood on the ground now used as tLe garden, at the north end of Dulwich 
 College, and opposite the mill pond, hence so called. 
 
 t .The old gravestone was found many years afterwards in the back yard of the " Half Moon ; 
 it is now at the old College (see Chapter XV.). 
 
348 HISTORY OF DULWICU COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 And on the 27th August 1817, " that the old wall on the West side of 
 " the outward front court be pulled down and an Iron Railing substituted 
 " in its stead with a new gate opposite to the Bell Gate." 
 
 On the 20th December 1817 the following arrangements were made 
 respecting the considerable sums lately expended upon reconstruction and 
 repairs of the College : — 
 
 Whereas the mixed Bourgeois & "West Wing Fund was this day iiimlly settled 
 and the Balance due to the College on that account, amounting to £115. 5s. carried 
 to tiie credit of the College in the account forllepairs of the College & Chapel in 1815, 
 1816, & 1817. And whereas the Land Tux received at Lady Day 1817, amounting to 
 £113. 14s. 7d. has been also carried to the credit of the College in the said Eepair 
 account, leaving a balance F.till due to the Warden for his Advances on the said 
 Account of £725. 13s. 7d. The Warden is hereby directed to make such Charges from 
 time to time for the said Eepairs, in the Weekly Accounts of the College as shall 
 gradually extinguish the Balance so due to him. 
 
 Ordered that the produce of the Land Tax, the Eents from Pews in the Chapel 
 and the net Proceeds from Timber felled on the Estate (exclusive of the Portion set 
 aside for Planting) be annually invested in the 3 per cent Consols in addition to the 
 present West Wing Fund, as a perpetual repairing Fund for permanent liepairs and 
 improvements of the Estate. 
 
 Ordered that in future all accounts of repairs be charged among the weekly 
 accounts of the College, But that a separate Entry or Memorandum be made by the 
 Warden of all permanent, in contradiction to ordinary Eepairs whether relating to the 
 College, and Oificers, or to other permanent Improvements of the Estate. 
 
 And to prevent the inconvenience that might arise from the Dividend of any one 
 year falling short of the Dividend of the preceding year in consequence of extra- 
 ordinary demands for the Eepair or Improvement of the Estate, Ordered that on the 
 previous day before the 4"' of March every Year, the expenditure for permanent 
 Eepairs since the 4"" March preceding, be taken into consideration, and if necessary'-, 
 so much of the repairing Fuud be sold from the 3 per cent Consols and the produce 
 carried to the extra Eeceipts of the College as will maintain the Dividend at the 
 ensuing audit on the same scale as tlie Dividend of the preceding year. 
 
 Again, on the 30th March 1818, it is ordered, 
 
 That the produce of the Land Tax and the rents of pews for the present year be 
 applied to discharge the balance due to the Warden on the repair account, instead of 
 being invested in the 3 per cent Consols, according to the order of the 20'" of 
 December last: And that the net proceeds from timber for the present year 
 (exclusive of the portion set aside for planting) be charged among the extra receipts 
 of the College, in consideration of the large sums for repairs charged in the weekly 
 Bills. ' 
 
 On the 9th June 1819 it is recorded that the Archbishop of Canterbury 
 (Dr. Charles Manners Sutton, previously Bishop of Norwich, who had 
 succeeded Dr. John Moore in 1805) had intimated a wish for the loan of 
 Ilcnslow's Diary, and it v;a3 ordered that the Master do deliver it to him. 
 
1 820.] RESIGNATION OF THE MASTER. 
 
 349 
 
 On the 5tli May 1820, Mr. Lancelot Baugh Allen, the Master, resigned 
 his office by the following letter : — 
 
 God's Gift College, May 5, 1820. 
 Sir, I beg you to accept this day my Eesignation of the Mastership of this 
 College and to communicate the same to the Society. 
 
 I Eemain your obedient Servant 
 
 L-iLNCELOT Baugh Allen. 
 To John Allen Esq. 
 Warden of God's Gift College, Dulwicb. 
 
 John Allen, the Warden, was accordingly sworn in as Master after 
 Evening Service on the same day. 
 
 Mr. L. B. Allen married and resided at Dulwich as a tenant of the 
 College for many years after his resignation. He became one of the 
 " six clerks," and was also a " clerk of the Petty Bag." He seems to have 
 taken an interest in the College affairs, sometimes amounting to inter- 
 ference, and his relations with the Society, especially after the death of 
 John Allen, his successor, were of rather an unfriendly character. The 
 date of his death is not recorded, but there are letters from him in the 
 College of as late a date as 1845. 
 
[ 35° ] [a.d. 
 
 CHAPTER XIIL 
 
 THE HISTORY OF THE COLLEGE,, 1820-1843. 
 
 John Allen liaving become Master by the resignation of Mr. L. Baugh 
 Allen, a new election of Warden became necessary. In anticipation of this 
 event, the Archbishop had issued the following injunction, dated the 11th 
 March 1819. 
 
 After reciting the constitution of the College and statutes Nos. 3, 4, 
 17, 31, 113, and 117, it proceeds : — 
 
 And whereas it has been represented to us that the annual rents and income of 
 the College have encreased since the Foundation of the College (being a period 
 of two hundred years) from the before mentioned sum of eight hundred pounds to 
 seven thousand pounds per annum, and that by the mode and rules used for the 
 appropriation and distribution of the revenue there must always be a large balance of 
 cash in the hands of the Warden and in addition to which the annual dividend of the 
 poor Brethren and Sisters amounting to more than One thousand two hundred pounds 
 is delivered over to the Warden on the fourth day of March every year to be paid by 
 him in monthly proportions during the ensuing year to the Brethren and sisters for 
 their better support and maintenance forming an aggregate sum in the hands of the 
 Warden which at particular times of the year exceeds considerably the whole annual 
 revenue of the College being a trust and confidence beyond what the Founder ever 
 contemplated to place in the hands of any one individual member. And Wliereas it 
 appears to us that the sum of one thousand pounds in which the Warden is by the 
 seventeenth Statute directed to become bound on his Election (and without surety by 
 any other person) is wholly inadequate as a security to the said College now the 
 revenue thereof is greatly encreased and that the mode of security prescribed by the 
 Founder of acknowledging a statute has been so long disused as to be obsolete. And 
 moreover it appears to us that (as by virtue of the statutes any man of the name of 
 Allen being twenty one and unmarried is ehgible to the place provided he has the 
 repute only mentioned in that Statute whatever his state or condition as to property 
 may be the College can never be certain as to the Character or responsibility of the 
 Warden) great danger may accrue to the College by the temptation which the posses- 
 sion of such considerable sums of money may excite to speculation or other 
 improvident use of the same by the Warden by which misconduct great injury 
 might arise to the College in general and particularly to those poorer Members whose 
 Monthly Dividends remain in the hands of the Warden for distribution. Now We 
 the_ said Charles Lord Archbishop of Canterbury Visitor of the said CoUe"e beinc 
 desirous to prevent as far as in us lies the danger and possible abuse of trust which 
 
w 
 o 
 
 w 
 
 J 
 
 CO 
 
 DC " 
 u 
 
 ►J 
 P 
 P 
 
x82o.] ELECTION OF A WARDEN. 351 
 
 might arise from the want of sufiicient security on the part of the "Warden of the said 
 College for the faithful discharge of the duties reposed in him by the Statutes, and 
 being persuaded that in consequence of the vast increase of the revenues of the said 
 College the Security required by the said Statutes is inadequate and that to insure the 
 due and just application of the Founders bounty the mode of Security ought to be 
 accomodated to the alteration of the times and circumstances do hereby (as far as 
 by Law we may) Order and enjoin that every person hereafter to be elected Warden 
 of the said College shall within the space of twenty one days after such election to 
 the said "Wardenship become bound in a Bond to the said College of God's Gift in 
 Dulwich in the county of Surrey himself in a sum which shall be then fixed upon and 
 ascertained as near as may be by the Master and Fellows of the said College for the 
 time being as the amount of the Trust reposed in the Warden together with four 
 sureties to be approved by the said Master and Fellows for the time being in Two 
 thousand pounds each for duly accounting for all such sum and sums of money issues 
 rents and profits which shall or may be received and paid by such warden and for 
 faithfully discharging the duties of the said Office according to the statutes and rules 
 of the said College. And in default thereof that the said election of such person as 
 Warden shall be void and the remaining members and assistants shall be at liberty to 
 proceed to a new Election of a Warden with the like notices, and in the same manner 
 in all respects as if the preceding Election had not taken place. Except that the 
 person so pre^'iously Elected and failing to give such Bond as hereby ordered and 
 enjoyned shall not be again eligible for the Office of Warden. And we do further in 
 like manner order and enjoin that in the event of the decease or of the Bankruptcy or 
 insolvency of any person or persons who shall at any time be Surety or Sureties as 
 aforesaid for any Warden of the said College such Warden shall in any such case 
 within the space of three calendar months after he shall be thereto required by the 
 Master and Fellows for the time being find some other fit and proper person or 
 persons to be approved by the said master and Fellows to be a surety or sureties in 
 the place of and to be bound in a Bond to the said College to the same amount and 
 for the same purposes as the Surety or Sureties so dying or becoming Bankrupt or 
 insolvent had become bound. And in default thereof that any Warden failing in any 
 such case to find such new Surety or Sureties within the required time shall thence- 
 forth altogether cease to be Warden of the said College to all intents and purposes as 
 if he had departed this life and the remaining Members and Assistants shall be at 
 liberty to proceed to a new Election of a Warden precisely in the same manner to all 
 intents and purposes and with the same exception as is before provided in the case of 
 any person Elected to the office of a Warden failing to give the Bond hereby ordered 
 and enjoined to be given within the time before specified in that behalf. Given under 
 our hand and Archiepiscopal Seal at Lambeth Palace this Eleventh day of March in 
 the year of our Lord One thousand eight hundred and nineteen. 
 
 C. Cantuae. 
 
 The election of a nev? Warden was held on the 22nd May 1820, when 
 Mr, Jeffrys Thomas Allen was chosen, having drawn lots with Mr. 
 Joshua Jullian Allen. 
 
 On this occasion there were seven candidates, and it would appear that 
 the assistants attempted to impose upon the College a Warden not accept- 
 able to the members of the Society, and that they would have succeeded in 
 
3S 3 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 their object liacl not one of their number, Mr. George Heath, the under- 
 warden of St. Botolphs, been either purposely or accidentally absent. 
 
 The five churchwardens present all voted for Captain John Allen and 
 Mr. Joseph Allen, whilst the members of the College unanimously selected 
 Mr. Jeffrys Thomas Allen and Mr. Joshua JuUian Allen, and each of these 
 four candidates consequently received five votes. The Master, therefore, 
 had a second or casting vote, which he gave for the two College candidates, 
 one of whom, Jeffrys Thomas Allen, was of course elected.* 
 
 His admission is thus recorded in the Election book : — 
 
 8 June 1820. Jeffrys Thomas Allen Esq', having been on the 22°* day of May 
 last elected Warden of the College this day attended and produced and delivered into 
 the College a Bond executed by him in the Penal sum of Eight thousand pounds for 
 the due Eixecution of his Office. And also the Bonds of Four sureties each in the sum 
 of Two thousand Pounds viz' 
 
 William Pyne Esq of Lyme Dorsetshire 
 
 Charles Short Esq George Street Westminster 
 
 Vincent Stuckey of Sloane Street Esq' & 
 
 William Astell Esq of Portland Place. 
 
 Which several Securities having been approved by the Master and Fellows the said 
 Jeffrys Thomas Allen took the Oath as Warden expressed in the Statutes which was 
 ministered unto him by the Eev* Thomas Jenyns Smith the senior Fellow of the 
 College in the Presence of the Corporation after Evening Prayer, and was admitted by 
 the Master and Fellows present to the Place of Warden of' the said College, and he 
 took upon him the said Office and was conducted to his Seat in the Chapel and his 
 Lodgings in the College by the Master and Fellows present. 
 
 On the 20th February 1821 the following minute is made respectincr the 
 cash nominally in the Warden's hands, but really invested, the interest on 
 w^hich was divided equally between the Master, Warden, and four Fellows : — 
 Whereas in the College account settled at the Audit on the 4"" September last 
 the Warden stands charged with a Balance of Cash as being in his hands belong- 
 ing to the College amounting to £5571. 7s. 2d. Now it is hereby ackuowledged by tlie 
 Master, Warden and Fellows of the College that the sum of £953. 5s. 6d. part of that 
 sum has been invested (along with £100 out of the Treasury Chest) in the Purchase 
 of £1700 Consolidated £3 p cent Bank annuities now standing in the names of 
 William Allen, Lancelot Baugh Allen, Eev^ Thomas Jenyns Smith & IJev^ Nevile 
 Stow. And that the further sum of £1540 has been lately laid out in the Purchase of 
 £2000 Stock in the Three & a half per cent Bank annuities in the names of John 
 Allen, Jefferys Thomas Allen, Eev'' Thomas Jenyns Smith and Eev^ John Vane. And 
 it is declared that the Warden is not personally responsible for the above two Sums of 
 £953. 5s. 6d. and £1540, although included in the sum charged as bein" in the 
 Wardens Hands and nominally charged against liim for the purpose of keepin" the 
 Accounts of the College in the Accustomed way. ° 
 
 • The remaining candidates were Marshall Allen, Bennett Allen, and Thomas J. Allen Their 
 professions are not recorded. 
 
'823-] ENLARGEMENT OF THE CHAPEL. 
 
 353 
 
 The first-named investment of £1700 3 per cent. Consols was transferred 
 on the 17th April 1821 into the same names as the £2000 3^ Bank 
 Annuities. 
 
 On the 20th February 1821 the following considerable further outlay 
 on building was sanctioned : — 
 
 M'' Tappeu having deposited with the college plans and elevations with specifica- 
 tion of pal•tic^^lars for repairing the West wing and building a new Kitchen and 
 apartments for the "Warden, as more particularly set forth in the foresaid plans and 
 specifications and having agreed to execute the same in the most complete and suf- 
 ficient manner for Three thousand Guineas (including his Commission as surveyor) 
 Ordered that M"" Tappen be authorized to begin the same immediately after the next 
 audit, and be directed to bring them to a conclusion witii all possible expedition. 
 
 In the year 1823 the chapel of the College was enlarged. The following 
 is the entry made in the audit book under date 4th April 1823 :— 
 
 Whereas the Chapel of the College of God's Gift in Dulwich not being sufQciently 
 large for the convenient accommodation of the Inhabitants of Dulwich, most of them 
 being tenants of the said College, the Master, Warden and Fellows of the CoUcge have 
 completely repaired aud considerably enlarged the said Chapel at a great expence and 
 liave erected a new Gallery on the South side of the said Chapel, and Pews have been 
 made in the said new Gallery, and in the new part of the said Chapel under the same, 
 with a view to the accommodation of such of the Inhabitants as should be willing to 
 contribute towards the expence of such Improvements. And the College have like- 
 wise appropriated part of the said new Addition to be used as Seats for the servants 
 of the Families in Dulwich and other part of the Chapel for the use of tlie Children of 
 the Free School founded by James Allen formerly Master, without diminishing the 
 free Accommodation aflbrded to the Inliabitants of Dulwich. And it having been con- 
 sidered and arranged that the Sum to be contributed by each Person desiring the 
 exclusive use of a Kew I'ew should be at the rate of £8 ibr each Seat in such Pew, 
 but without an}' additional payment for servant's Seats. And that each Inhabitant 
 taking a Pew should during his Eesidence in, and all Persons afterwards occupying 
 and residing in the Premises now occupied by him have the exclusive use of such Pew, 
 during tlie Term of the now existing Lease or agreement for a Lease of the Person 
 first taking such Pew, and without any Eent or future payment for or in respect of 
 the same during such period, but without the power to let off or separate the Pew from 
 the Premises in respect to the occupation of which the same is first taken, and that 
 after the expiration of each such present existing Lease or Agreement, tlie exclusive 
 iise of such Pew should cease. And the sole power of letting, using and appropriating 
 each such Pew in future and all right thereto, should revert and belong wholly to, and 
 be solely exercised by the Master, Warden and Fellows of the said College for the time 
 being. And the several Persons after mentioned having paid the several sums of 
 money set against their respective names. 
 
 It is therefore hereby Ordered and Agreed that the exclusive use of the several 
 Pews hereafter specified should be granted to the undermentioned Persons or the 
 occupiers of their respective Houses for the time being and for the periods after- 
 mentioned viz'. 
 
 VOL. I. 2 Y 
 
354 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d 
 
 Pews. In the New Galleey. 
 
 No. 1. To Thomas Lett Esq for the use of the Occupiers for the time being of the 
 House agreed to be built by him on Ground adjoining Penge Road (late 
 Scotts) for 84 years from Michaelmas 1810. 12 seats for £96. 
 
 2. To John Frederick Schroder Esq for the use of the Occupiers for the time being 
 
 of his present Dwelling House adjoining the Ireland Green Eoad in Dulwich 
 for 84 years from Michaelmas 1800. 12 seats for £96. 
 
 3. To David Melville Esq for the use of the Occupiers for the time being of his 
 
 present Dwelling House in Dulwich (late William Parrys) for 42 years from 
 Michaelmas 1809. 8 seats for £64. 
 
 4. To Pbichard Henry Clarke Esq for the use of the Occupiers for the time being 
 
 of his present Dwelling House in Dulwich for 84 years from Lady day 1790. 
 
 8 seats for £64. 
 
 5. To Eichard Shawe Esq for the use of the Occupiers for the time being of the 
 
 House called Springfield formerly Prench's in Dulwich for 84 years from 
 Lady day 1803. 8 seats for £64. 
 
 6. To Eichard Shawe Esq for the use of the Occupiers for the time being of the 
 
 Plouse in Dulwich Hill called Casino for 84 years from Michaelmas 1800. 
 
 16 seats for £128. 
 
 7. To David Gordon Esq for the Use of the Occupiers for the time being of his 
 
 present Dwelling House on Dulwich Hill for 84 years from Michaelmas 
 1800. 16 seats for £128. 
 
 8 & 9. To James Fisher Esq for the use of the Occupiers for the time being of his 
 present Dwelling House on Dulwich Hill formerly David Lyons for 84 
 years from Michaelmas 1800. 16 seats for £128. 
 
 Pews. In the Body of the Chapel. 
 
 No. 6. To Daniel William Stow Esq for the use of the Occupiers for the time being 
 
 of his present Dwelling House called Hall Place in Dulwich for 42 years 
 
 from Michaelmas 1811. 4 seats for £32. 
 
 5. To John Bowles Esq for the use of the Occupiers for the time being of his late 
 
 house in Dulwich now Eichard Woods for 84 years from Lady day 1787. 
 
 4 seats for £32. 
 4. To Thomas Fleming Esq for the use of the Occupiers for the time being of his 
 present Dwelhng House in Dulwich for 31 years from Michaelmas 1812. 
 
 4 seats for £32. 
 
 7. To John Willes Esq for the use of the Occupiers for the time being of M'' 
 
 Willes's late House formerly Alderman Wright's now Benjamin Bond Esq 
 for 21 years from Lady day 1811. 3 seats for £24. 
 
 8. To M" Maria Warner for the use of the Occupiers for the time being of her 
 
 dwelling House in Dulwich late William Huck's Esq. for 84 years from 
 Lady day 1794. 3 seats for £24. 
 
 9. To Wilham Eamcock Esq for the use of the Occupiers for the time being of 
 
 his present Dwelling House in Dulwich for 21 years from Lady day 1818. 
 
 3 S6ats for £24- 
 
 10. To Peter Wynne Esq for the use of the Occupiers for the time being of his 
 
 present Dwelling House late Benjamin Fayles in Dulwich for 63 years from 
 
 Lady day 1812. 3 ^eats for £24. 
 
1823.] ALLOTMENT OF THE PEWS. 3SS 
 
 Pews. 
 
 No. 11. To John Owen for the use of the Occupiers for the time heing of the Dwelling 
 House adjoining Dulwich Common belonging to Bishopsgate late Eobert 
 Skelton now Captain HuUah for 21 years from Michaelmas 1812. . 
 
 3 seats for £24. 
 
 12 & 13. To William Simpson Esq for the use of the occupiers of the Houses 
 
 built by him on the South Side of Heme Hill for 84 years from Lady day 
 
 1813. 5 seats for £40. 
 
 15. To John Adcock Esq for the use of the occupiers for the time being of his 
 
 present Dwelling House in Dulwich for 63 years from Michaeltaas 1796. 
 
 3 seats for £24. 
 2, 3 & 16. To M". Ann Willes for the use of the Tenants of her Copyhold Houses 
 in Dulwich viz' 
 
 No. 3. for Stephen Hall's House. 
 
 4 seats for £32. 
 2. Nelson and house adjoining. 
 
 4 seats for £32. 
 16. Matthew Eobinson. 
 
 3 seats for £24. 
 To be used for the same Term as the Pew No. 18, viz' for 84 years from 
 Michaelmas 1785. 
 
 17. To Eobert Crafton Esq. for the occupiers for the time being of the House near 
 
 Dulwich Common now Captain Hodges for 84 years from Lady day 1810. 
 
 3 seats for £24. 
 
 18. To John Willes Esq for the use of the occupiers for the time being of his late 
 
 House called College Place now Prancis Eougemont's for 84 years from 
 Michaelmas 1785. 3 seats for £24. 
 
 19. To William Vizard Esq. for the use of the Occupiers of his present house 
 
 called Kingswood in Dulwich for 84 years from Michaelmas 1811. 
 
 6 seats for £48. 
 
 20. To Charles Frederick Hennings Esq for the use of the Occupiers of his present 
 
 House in Dulwich for 84 years from Michaelmas 1803. 5 seats for £40. 
 
 21. To John Whitfield Esq for the use of the Occupiers of his present house in 
 
 Dulwich for 21 years from Michaelmas 1813. 5 seats for £40. 
 
 22. To Thomas Lett Esq for the use of the Occupiers of the other House agreed to 
 
 be built by him on the Back Ground for 84 years from Michaelmas 1810. 
 
 5 seats for £40. 
 
 23. To John Benjamin Parley for the use of the occupiers of the House in 
 
 Dulwich late in his occupation now Philip Gowan's for 84 years from 
 Michaelmas 1794. 4 seats for £32. 
 
 The subscriptions thus amounted to £1384. 
 
 On the 6th July 1824, it was " Eesolved that the donations to the poor 
 " Scholars who have conducted themselves to the satisfaction of the College 
 " in the time of their apprenticeship be increased from Ten to Twenty five 
 " pounds," and on the 11th March 1828 this gift was further increased to 
 thirty pounds. 
 
356 HISTOR Y OF D UL WICII COLLEGE. 
 
 For some years subsequent to this the affairs of the College pre 
 nothing of interest. The Master, Warden, and Fellows appear to 
 lived in harmony, and the " Private Sittings " books contain nothing biT! 
 ordinary minutes concerning the letting of lands. 
 
 In 1829 the following memorandum was made at the March audit : — 
 
 The IVIaster having purchased a share in the London University and by a minute 
 of Council of that Institution dated the 5"" January 1828 having obtained leave to 
 enter it on their books in the name of the Master of Dulwich College for the time 
 being, Eequests permission to have this Donation recorded in the Audit Book of the 
 College, that future Masters may understand it is for tlie use of those who have 
 been poor scholars of this College, every Dividend, Profit, or other advantage arising 
 from it, being applicable exclusively to their benefit. The master selecting from time 
 to time for that purpose from such as have been poor scholars of this College those 
 who from tlieir good conduct during their apprenticeship and from the desire they 
 manifest for Instruction seem to him best entitled to that privilege.* John Allen. 
 
 Mr. John Whitfield of Dulwich died on the 20th January 1829, and the 
 following is an extract from his Vvfill, dated 24th April 1826 : — 
 
 I give and bequeath unto the Master and Warden of the College of God's Gift in 
 Dulwich who sliall be such at the time of my decease the sum of Six hundred and 
 sixty five pounds thirteen shillings and four pence three pounds per cent reduced 
 annuities : Upon trust that they and their successors. Master and Warden of the said 
 College for the time being do and shall from time to time receive the Interest thereof 
 and lay out such Interest annually in Bread and Potatoes and other necessaries and 
 distribute the same in the months of December, January, and February in each year 
 unto and among such twenty poor widows of the hamlet of Dulwich as they the said 
 Master and Warden for tlie time being, shall in their discretion thinli most to stand in 
 need of such assistance and in proportion to their respective Families and wants. And 
 I will that upon the decease of any Master or Warden, or in case of any Master or 
 Warden of the said College quitting the same, the said stocks or Funds shall from 
 time to time be transferred in the names of the surviving or continuing and the newly 
 appointed Master or Warden of the said College. 
 
 These doles are now (1888) distributed by the chaplain of the College, 
 the Chairman of the Governors and the Master being nominally joined with 
 him in the administration of the fund. 
 
 * The London Univeraity was founded by Lord Brougliam and otlicrs on the lltli February 1826 
 and a capital which was not to exceed £300,000, or be less than £150,000, was offered for subscription 
 in shares of £100 each, every proprietor having the right to present one student in respect of each 
 share held by him. The dividend on the shares was not to exceed 4 per cent, per annum Tlie 
 capital actually raised was £153,600, the building in Gower Street being opened on the 1st October 
 1828. 
 
 The name of the institution was altered to University College by Royal Charter on the 28th 
 November 1836, on which date the University of London received a charter as an examining body 
 
 The charter of University College was annulled by an Act of Parliament in 1869, whereby the 
 College was reincorporated with additional powers, and divested of its proprietary character the 
 existing shareholders becoming governors. The Master of Dulwich College for the time being i= bv 
 virtue of the above gift of John Allen, still a governor of University College ' 
 
1829.] FURTHER ALLOTMENT OF PEWS. 357 
 
 The Arctbisliop of Canterbury, Dr. Charles Manners Sutton, died on 
 the 11th February 1828, and was succeeded on the 8th August by Dr. 
 William Howley, Bishop of London. On the 16th January 1829, the Master 
 had an interview with the new Visitor, which is thus reported in the Private 
 Sittings book : — 
 
 o 
 
 The Master having solicited an audience of the Archbishop of Canterbury in order 
 to explain to his Grace the manner in which the College liad been conducted under 
 the late Visitor, went by appointment to Lambeth Palace on Friday the 16"" inst, 
 accompanied by the Warden and M"" Vane representing the other members of the 
 College. The Master entered into a long explanation with his Grace on the subject of 
 the College in general, and more particularly on the education afforded to the Poor 
 Scholars and the provision made for them when they quitted the College. The Arch- 
 bishop appeared to be satisfied with this statement and declared it to be his wish that 
 the College should be administered in the manner that had given satisfaction to his 
 Predecessor. The Master assured His Grace tliat if any measures could be suggested 
 tending to increase the usefulness of the College or add to the comfort or happiness of 
 any individual member of it, it was his wish and he would venture to add, the desire 
 of every other member of the College to carry them into effect to the utmost of their 
 abilitj\ The Audience, which lasted nearly an hour, terminated in the Archbishop 
 saying that he should be at all times ready to receive any representations from the 
 College on matters relating to its interest and improvement. 
 
 On the 14th March 1829, the following order was made as to the pews 
 in the chapel which had not been specially appropriated to subscribers to 
 the fund for the enlargement of the chapel completed in 1823 : — 
 
 Several persons. Tenants of the College and others, having applied for the exclusive 
 use of certain Pews in the Chapel, which have not been granted for a term of years to 
 their present Occupants, It is ordered, that the following Pews be let from Lady Day 
 to Lady Day at the yearly rent annexed to each, with the power of resumption on the 
 j)art of the College on giving three months notice to quit to the occupant. And that 
 some order may be observed in the distribution of such pews in future when they 
 become vacant, and that it may be known at all times what particular pew any one is 
 entitled to occupy. It is further ordered, that when any person applies for the 
 exclusive use of a Pew or when any alteration is made in the present distribution of 
 the pews, an entry of the same shall be made in the private sitting book of the 
 
 College. 
 
 Pews let at present to the undernamed persons at the annual rents annexed to 
 
 each. 
 
 1. Under the Gallery — 
 
 No. 1. To L. B. Allen Esq' 
 
 14 To Ch. Kingsley Esq 
 
 24. To Piob' Currey Esq 
 
 21. To Eev* Edw Smedley 
 7. To Geo D. Eaincock 
 
 22. To Chas Clarke . 
 
 at £3 
 
 3 a year 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
 3 
 
 3 
 
 4 
 
 4 
 
358 
 
 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 [a.d. 
 
 2. In the Gallery- 
 No. 8. To Francis Tuke Esq 
 9. To Newman Smith Esq 
 
 10. To Sam' Page Esq 
 
 11. To M" Hannon . 
 
 12. To M' Walter Eawkes 
 
 13. To M" Hall 
 
 at £6 
 6 
 6 
 4 
 4 
 4 
 
 a year 
 
 On the 16tli March 1830, the College elected Mr. (afterwards Sir) 
 Charles Barry to be surveyor to the College in place of Mr. George 
 Tappen, deceased. 
 
 There is still extant the draft of a letter which was written by the 
 Master to Mr. Barry on the subject of his charges, by which it appears that 
 they were at least double those paid to Mr. Tappen. The Master, without 
 saying that these charges were above those usually received by surveyors 
 of eminence, points out that if they are enforced, the College will only 
 consult their surveyor on occasions of importance, and not, as had been the 
 custom, on all matters connected with his department. The difference, if 
 it were a difference, was, no doubt, amicably arranged, as Mr. Barry con- 
 tinued to be surveyor till the disestablishment, and his son still holds the 
 office under the present Estates Governors.* 
 
 On the 11th June 1830, Mr. Thomas Jenyns Smith, the senior Fellow, 
 who had been a member of the College for the long period of forty-seven 
 years, died. At the election of his successor, held on the 7th July, tliere 
 were six candidates, but only four members of the College present to vote, 
 Mr. Vane, the schoolmaster, being absent. 
 
 The eight votes were equally divided between the Revs. John Sinclair,t 
 John Lindsay, the usher, William Jeffrys Allen, presumably a relative of 
 the Warden, and John Image. The Master gave his casting vote in favour 
 of William Jeffrys Allen and John Image, and these two drawing lots, ]\Ir. 
 Image was elected. 
 
 In 1831 another important building operation was resolved upon, it 
 being ordered on the 3rd May, " That M' Barry be empowered to obtain 
 
 * Mr. Barry's charges were : — 
 
 For works executed from Plans of architects and under his 
 
 superintendence ..... 
 
 For examining Tradesmen's Bills .... 
 For taking an account of Dilapidations and Repairs, 
 
 valuing the same and reporting thereon 
 For valuation of property and report thereon 
 For attendance at the College .... 
 
 For interviews with persons on College business from 
 
 home 21/ — at home ..... 
 For making plans of property self .... 
 
 and clerks 15/ per diem with Travelling expences. 
 t Afterwards Archdeacon of Middlesex, and Vicar of Kensington. 
 
 5% on Cost 
 1^% on amount 
 
 3^% on amount 
 5% on annual rent 
 42/ per diem 
 
 10/6 
 
 63/ per diem 
 
A,, I:- 1 
 
 ^f*- 
 
 ^ulwicp College. 
 
 1832 - 1860. 
 
^ulwjcp College. 
 
 1832 - 1860. 
 
1833.] CLAIM BY THE CHURCHWARDENS. 359 
 
 " from the proper Tradesmen estimates of the expence necessary for 
 " executing the proposed additions to the West Wing and internal 
 " alterations in the East Wing contained in the plans he has submitted 
 " to the College. And that he proceed thereupon to carry the same into 
 " effect without delay." 
 
 Mr. Barry's estimate, dated 21st of May 1831, was as follows : — 
 Proposed additions to the west wing, . . £2032 
 
 Proposed alterations in the east wing, . . 1554 
 
 £3586 
 
 On the 23rd September 1831 it was agreed that, Mr. Lindsay (the third 
 Fellow or usher since 1814) having submitted to Mr. Barry, the surveyor 
 of the College, a plan for erecting at his own expense a new staircase to the 
 chambers at the northern extremity of the east wing, permission be given to 
 Mr. Lindsay to erect the same. The staircase was erected accordingly, and 
 a new oriel window added to the apartments ; but Mr. Lindsay having 
 resigned in June 1834, the College repaid him the cost of these alterations, 
 as appears by the following minute, dated 30th October 1834 : — 
 
 Having regard to the shortness of the time during which M' Lindsay has occupied 
 his new apartment and considering the staircase and oriel window which with 
 permission of the College he erected at the Northern extremity of the East Wing, to 
 be at once convenient and ornamental, the College agree to defray the expence of the 
 same from the building fund, and authorise the Master to settle with M' Lindsay 
 accordingly, it being understood that the Lindsay arms placed over the Oriel window 
 be effaced at the pleasure of the College and expence of M' Lindsay. 
 
 The disputes between the College and the churchwardens, which had 
 been dormant since 1798, were revived about this time. 
 
 On the 4th March 1833 the assistants signed the following entry in the 
 audit book : — 
 
 We the respective Churchwardens of S* Botolph without Bishopsgate London, 
 S' Saviours Southwark and S' Luke Middlesex claim on behalf of our respective Poor 
 men and Women elected pursuant to the Statutes of Edward Alleyn Esq Founder of 
 God's Gift College Dulwich, to have the Almshouses of oux respective Parishes forth- 
 with put into a sound state of repair. And we further claim for the said poor Men 
 and Women to have their Pensions of Six Pence a week paid, and to have Gowns 
 allowed them pursuant to the llS"" statute of the said College. And we further 
 claim that the said Poor men and Women shall be allowed at this present audit 
 Thirty nine shares out of the Six hundred shares of Surplus Eevenue, and fifteen more 
 of such shares for the bettering of their Gowns pursuant to the ll?"" Statute of the 
 said Foundation. 
 
 To which the Master, Warden, and Fellows added : — 
 We the undersigned IMaster, Warden and Fellows of God's Gift College present at 
 
36o IIISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 this Audit, object to the claim made by the Churchwardens, and deny the Eight of 
 the Persons on M'hose behalf the Claim is made. And as the Visitor of tlie College 
 on the occasion of a former claim, sanctioned the refusal of the College & allowed 
 the College to defend themselves at Law, The College decline to admit the same, unless 
 established by the Judicial decision of a Competent Court of Law. 
 
 The assistants did not go to law, but they moved the Charity Com- 
 missioners to make an inquiry into the state of the College. It is 
 remarkable that, with the one exception given below, no mention whatever 
 occurs either in the audit book or in the Private Sittings book of this 
 inquiry. The Commissioners, however, made a report on the 19th July 
 1834, which shows so clearly the position of the College affiiirs at that 
 time that it is given almost verbatim. 
 
 Eeport of the Charity Commissioners, dated 19th July 1834. 
 
 The report commences mth a recital of the Letters Patent of King James I., dated 
 21st June 1619, of the deed of foundation of the College, dated 13th September 1619, 
 and of the deed of conveyance of the lands mentioned in the patent, dated 24th April 
 1620, which conveys the said lands to the sole and only use of the Master, Warden, 
 four Pellows, six poor Brethren, six poor Sisters, and twelve poor Scholars, and their 
 successors for ever ; and to no other intent, use, or purpose whatsoever, and proceeds : — 
 
 The said Edward Alleyne having thus founded the college, and made provision for 
 the support thereof by a writing under his hand, dated 29'" September 1626 after 
 reciting the power given him by the said letters patent of making statutes and rules 
 for the maintenance, education and government of the said college, ordained and made 
 for that purpose the several statutes and ordinances which are therein mentioned : 
 they are 124 in number ; and the substance of those which are the most important is 
 here given. "Whenever the provisions of a statute are not closely followed, observations 
 are annexed, pointing out the nature and extent of the departure from them which has 
 taken place ; in all cases where none such occur it is to be understood that the statutes 
 were found upon inquiry to be still in observance. 
 
 The following are the observations referred to, with the number of the statute and 
 a short reference to its object : — 
 
 Statute 2. Chaunters, Assistants and Members. 
 None of the six chaunters here mentioned have ever been appointed. The powers 
 and piivileges of the six assistants and 30 members are specified in statutes 8 and 42. 
 
 Statute 5. Fellows and Chaunters. 
 
 It has been observed under statute 2, that no chaunters have ever been appointed. 
 
 The two senior fellows have invariably been masters of arts of the Universities either 
 
 of Oxford or Cambridge.* The third fellow has always been a graduate and a divine, 
 
 and the fourth has sometimes been a divine, but not often. The usage for many years 
 
 * This is not exact : Mr. Hume, Second Fellow from ITOS-IVSO, was M.A. of EdinbuPEh See 
 also p. 258. ° 
 
1 834-] REPORT OF THE CHARITY COMMISSIONERS. 361 
 
 past has been, that the first fellow performs the duty of preacher, the second that of 
 schoolmaster, the third acts as usher, and the fourth as organist. The second and 
 third also read the prayers daily. 
 
 Stahdc 6. Expulsion. 
 
 Of late there has been no case of expulsion, and the demeanour of the poor brethren 
 and sisters has been so regular, that there has been no occasion for enforcing it. 
 
 Statute 7. Poor Scholars. 
 
 There are always three boys in the school from each of the four parishes of S' 
 Saviour, S' Giles alias S' Luke, S' Botolph, and Camberwell. Each election takes 
 place whenever a vacancy occurs. See statute 23. They are chosen in the following 
 manner : In S* Saviour's notice is given in the parish Church of the time of election 
 when a vacancy occurs, and of the requisite qualifications of the boys ; the candidates 
 are numerous, and from them the churchwardens select four, who on the day of election 
 are all presented together to the College. N"o regard appears to be paid by the church- 
 wardens to the capacity or attainments of the Candidates. In the parish of S' Giles 
 alias S' Luke, there are 57 guardians of the poor, including the rector, two church- 
 wardens, and six overseers. The guardians alone vote when a vacancy occurs. Notice 
 of the day of election is given in the parish church. 
 
 The four boys who have most votes are recommended to the churchwardens to be 
 proposed to the college, and this recommendation is invariably followed. Orphans 
 liave always been preferred, and none but orphans have of late been recommended. 
 Notice of the day of election is also given in the parish church of S' Eotolph, and 
 orphans are considered entitled to a preference, if their parents were respectable and 
 in decayed circumstances. All rate-payers are entitled to vote, and those boys who 
 have the greatest number of votes, whatever may be their disposition or capacity, are 
 selected. Few boys have been sent from this parish of late who have not lost at 
 least one of their parents. 
 
 "When four boys have been sent down to the college by any one of the three parishes 
 on the day of election one is thus elected : the master selects one whom he considers 
 upon the whole the most promising. The Warden in like manner selects another from 
 the remaining three. The two thus preferred then draw lots, and that one who draws 
 the lot called " God's Gift," becomes thereby elected, and is immediately admitted to 
 the school. 
 
 The election of boys for the fourth parish, viz. that of Camberwell, has by virtue 
 of the 24th statute been supposed to vest solely in the Master, Warden and fellows of 
 the CoUege, and has always been exercised by them. The election for the Camberwell 
 boys also takes place, but is made whenever a vacancy occurs. Boys from that part 
 of the parish which is comprised within the hamlet of Dulwich have a preference, and 
 it has seldom been necessary to resort to any other part of the parish to fill up 
 vacancies occurring. 
 
 Statute 8. Assistants. 
 
 The churchwardens attend twice a year at the audit of the accounts, but except on 
 those occasions and on others where the rights of the parishes are concerned, have 
 never interfered or voted in the government of the College. 
 
 Statute 10. Members. 
 An account of the three sets of almshouses belonging to tlie three parishes 
 VOL. I. 2 z 
 
362 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 will be found in our former reports — Sixth p. 568 ; Twentietli p. 357 , and twenty 
 second p. 43.* 
 
 Those in S' Botolph are now in so ruinous a condition, that the poor men and 
 women sent only occupy them a few nights before they go from thence to the College, 
 in order to give them a qualification. Those of S' Saviour's are much dilapidated, but 
 inhabited, and those of S' Luke's are now in good repair. It does not appear that any 
 part of the expense of repairing any of them has ever been defrayed out of the funds 
 of the College. 
 
 The benefits of the College are so considerable, that few of the poor men and 
 women who have been sent from any of the parishes for a considerable number of 
 years back have exactly answered the description given in this statute, most of them 
 have rather been decayed housekeepers of respectable character who were in other 
 respects duly qualified. 
 
 It also appears that the Parish of S' Luke's, at least in the years 1831 and 1832, 
 induced those who were candidates for becoming poor sisters, to enter into an agree- 
 ment, that if successful they would pay £50 a year to the five poor women living in 
 the parish almshouses built by the founder of the College, and that this contribution 
 has on several occasions been actually paid. 
 
 Statute 17. Security to be given by Warden. 
 
 As the revenues of the College have within the last 30 or 40 years so much 
 increased, the Warden now gives security himself in £8000, and four securities in 
 £2000 each. 
 
 Statute 23. Mode of Electing Poor Scholars. 
 This direction is followed, and other explanations are given under statute 7. 
 
 Statute 30. The Master's Office. 
 
 Though all the subordinate directions contained in the statutes are not literally 
 enforced, this statute is carefully observed, except that the master does not always 
 personally inspect the scholars chambers weekly. We were informed by the master 
 that strict attention is paid to whatever concerns the poor brethren, sisters and 
 scholars and their apartments, and are satisfied that this is the case. 
 
 Statute 33. The Fellow's Ofiiee. 
 
 The first fellow preaches twice every Sunday. The annual sermon required by the 
 statute is not preached on the 1"' September unless that day happen to be a Sunday 
 but is preached on the Sunday next after the 1" September. A sermon is also 
 preached on Christmas day. The second and third fellows are the readers alternately 
 As respects the attendance and singing in the chapel the 33"* statute is not literally 
 observed. The first Pellow keeps the register of baptisms and burials and tocrether 
 with those fellows who are in orders, administers the Sacrament, christens visfts the 
 sick, and attends funerals. ' 
 
 * Those in Bishopsgate were originally in Petty France, which, being altered into Old Broad 
 Street about 1730, the almshouses were rebuilt in Lamb Alley ; those in St Luke's were orimnnllir 
 m Pesthouse Lane, Old Street ; and those in Southwark in Deadman's Place.-Highmore's k^to 
 Londoneiisu, p. 458. 5i"iivic o j. mm 
 
1834-] REP0R2 OF THE CHARITY COMMISSIONERS. 363 
 
 Statute 35. Duties of Six Chaunters or Junior Fellows. 
 
 It has already been mentioned, that no chaunters have ever formed part of the 
 college. 
 
 Statute 36. Poor Brethren to sweep and keep clean. 
 
 The college is carefully kept clean, but by persons hu-ed for the purpose. 
 
 Statute 37. The Matron. 
 A matron is appointed, who also attends the 12 poor scholars. The weekly six- 
 pences required to be given to her by her five sisters are paid by the college. The 
 distribution of goods has, by the consent of the poor brethren and sisters, entirely 
 ceased, greatly to the comfort and advantage, as it is conceived, of the almspeople. 
 
 Statute 38. Poor Sisters to be Bedmakers. 
 The offices here specified are now performed by a servant hired by the college. 
 
 Statute 40. Duties of Porter. 
 
 The butler now and for a considerable time past has acted as porter. He attends 
 strictly to the regularity and security of the college, though from change of times, not 
 in all particulars accorcfing to the directions here given. 
 
 Statute 42. Duties of Members. 
 
 None of the members here mentioned now repair to the college, or receive any 
 allowance from it. Whether any of the 30 members have a right to any is one of the 
 points now in dispute between the college and the parishes. 
 
 Statute 45. Absence of M' "Warden and Fellows. 
 
 With respect to the rules respecting residence, contained in statutes 43, 44, and 
 45, we found that until about 1800, a few sheets of paper were stitched together and 
 kept in the college, called an Exeat-book * in which memorandums of leave of absence 
 were entered. This was signed by one of the officers of the College, but not kept 
 regularly, and since 1800 no book has been kept at all. A verbal licence, given by 
 the Master, Warden or one of the fellows to each other, is all that is now required, 
 care bein^ taken that the duties of the person temporarily absent shall continue to be 
 discharged by one of those who continue resident. 
 
 The Master is allowed by the statutes to be absent f 196 days in each year, and 
 since the present master (John Allen) has been appointed to that office his residence 
 in or attendance at the College, as stated to us, has been as follows. He has attended 
 at the coUege twice or oftener every week at least, and remained there part of the 
 following day. He always attends service in the College chapel once at least on 
 Sunday. He is also present at the settlement of the weekly accounts of the Warden, 
 on all public days appointed by the statutes, and on other occasions is within reach 
 and attends whenever his presence is required. 
 
 The present warden (Jeffiys Thomas Allen) is generally resident at the college, 
 
 * This is an error, as there are extant in the College six exeat books containing regular exeats 
 from 1696 to 1820, with the exception of the period between 1779 and 1782. 
 
 t I.e., 3 days in every weei, or 156 days, and 40 days in the year, together 196 days. This mode 
 of reading the statute is open to grave doubt, though always acted upon. 
 
364 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 and since his appointment his absence has seldom exceeded 40 days altogether in any 
 one year. 
 
 It appears to us, that the verbal leave of absence which since 1800 the master, 
 warden and fellows have been accustomed to give to each other, is a departure from 
 the directions of the founder, and that the req^uired forms of leave of absence ought in 
 future to be observed. It also appears to us, that the provisions of the 44'" statute 
 extend to the master and warden as well as to the fellows, and that no leave ought to 
 be granted to either of them above 40 days in any one year. 
 
 Statute 50. Property of the 30 Poor Members. 
 
 Not now in operation, as none of the 30 members have any benefit from the 
 coRege. 
 
 Statiite 51. Directions as to Poor Brethren and Sisters Pensions. 
 This not now necessary, from the respectability of the parties concerned. 
 
 Statute 52. Brethren and Sisters not to visit each other. 
 
 Prom the age and respectability of the poor brothers and sisters the enforcement 
 of this statute is thought inexpedient. 
 
 Statutes 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58 and 59, relate to various details touching tlie 
 inspection and government of the College and conduct of the fellows, poor brothers 
 and sisters. They are all considered as strictly in force, but the decent and obedient 
 behaviour of all the members of the College for many years past, has rendered it 
 unnecessary to enforce the penalties prescribed. 
 
 Statute GO. Services in Chapel. 
 
 In consequence of the Chaunters never having formed part of the CoUege, it has 
 not been practicable to comply literally with this statute. Service is now performed 
 twice on every Sunday as in other churches, at half past 10 in the morning and two 
 in the afternoon, and the prayers read daily in the chapel. As much attention is said 
 to be paid to music as the actual constitution of the College will allow 
 \ 
 
 Statute 66. Education in the School. 
 
 The superior sort of education contemplated by the statutes, if it ever was in fact 
 afforded, has for many years ceased to be so. On the 9"" december 1724 Archbishop 
 Wake, then visitor, gave to the college in writing what is called an injunction, which 
 so far as it relates to the school, is in the words following : " that if at the age of 14 a 
 " boy be jiidged incapable of being qualified for the university, he be taught the vulgar 
 " arithmetic and to write a good hand, and at a competent age be piit out to some trade 
 " of the better sort, agreeable to such an education ; and that the warden be in a more 
 " particular manner charged with the care of providing such a master as may be 
 " approved of by' the society, one of an unblemished cliaracter, strictly sober and 
 " virtuous, and a constant , frequenter of the established church, it being of the best 
 " importance and that upon which their future well being in so great a measure 
 " depends ; and that an entry be made in a register, to be kept for that purpose, of the 
 " master's name, trade and place of habitation, and the sum of money given with each 
 " boy, that the same may appear to us or our successors, whenever called for ; and every 
 
1S34-] REPORT OF THE CHARITY COMMISSIONERS. 365 
 
 " boy who shall hereafter serve the whole time of his apprenticeship with diligence and 
 " honesty, shall at the expiration thereof upon a proper certificate from his master, be 
 " entitled to the sum of £5 from the college." 
 
 The interpretation practically put upon this injunction, at least ever since any 
 poor scholars have ceased to be sent to the university, has been that the prime object 
 of the education given to the poor scholars should rather be to qualify them for 
 becoming intelligent and respectable tradesmen than to advance them far in a know- 
 ledge of Greek and Latin. 
 
 We were informed by the present master, that when he became warden in 1811, 
 he communicated to the visitor his desire to make the school as efficient as possible, 
 and that the visitor intimated in return that the school had engaged much of his (the 
 visitor's) own attention; but he found so many obstacles to any alteration in the 
 course which had been long pursued, that he recommended the college to go on as 
 they were then doing, and qualify the boys for becoming respectable tradesmen. 
 
 At the time of our examination dissatisfaction prevailed, to a greater or less degree, 
 in all the parishes interested ; not with respect to the sort of education proposed to be 
 given, but of the little proficiency alleged to be made by some of the scholars in those 
 branches of learning now professed to be taught. We found upon inquiry, — that the 
 scholars are instructed in reading, writing and arithmetic, the elements of history and 
 mathematics ; and two boys out of the 12 are now learning the Eton Latin Grammar 
 which the present master of the school has always used instead of the grammar used 
 at Westminster and S' Pauls schools as recommended by the statutes. There have 
 been as many as five or six boys learning Latin grammar at once ; but the master does 
 not think he is called upon to give the boys a good Latin education. We however do 
 not concur in this view of the duties of the master. It appears clearly to have been 
 the intention of the founder that a classical education should be afforded, through 
 which scholars for the fellowships of the Foundation should constantly be supplied. 
 We examined the school and scholars in the presence of all the assistants and other 
 persons from the different parishes, and, so far as we could discover, no ground exists 
 for the complaints brought forward. The scholars appeared to us to be carefully 
 instructed in those branches of learning which the master professes to teach. It 
 appears to us at the same time to be extremely desirable, for all parties concerned, 
 that the parishes should pay much more attention than they have hitherto done to the 
 qualifications of the boys sent. 
 
 All the poor scholars now in school, except one, are taught music by the organist, 
 and aU. who sing form part of the choir. The six most advanced smg in the chapel. 
 The sort of music enjoined by the statute is sung, as far as the number of voices and 
 progi'ess of the boys will allow. 
 
 Besides the 12 poor scholars, there have, since the appointment of the present 
 master, who became warden in 1811, always been some, and occasionally as many as 
 three boys, inhabitants of Dulwich, receiving instruction in the School gratis. The 
 schoolmaster is willing to receive more, but they are not offered, and no children of 
 any other sort are taught in tlie school. The reason why more children are not sent to 
 the collec^e school appears to be, that the rich are not willing that their children should 
 associate°with boys of such habits as parish boys usually have, and the children of 
 persons in a lower condition in life have ample means of instruction in reading, 
 writin<T and arithmetic, gratis, at the free school founded and endowed in Dulwich by 
 James°AIlen in 1741, besides the advantage of a great number of the scholars being 
 clothed by the liberality of tlie inhabitants of the village. 
 
366 HISTOR Y OF DVL WICJI COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 Statute 69. Eemoval of Inmates in case of Contagion. 
 There has not for a great length of time been any occasion for enforcing this 
 statute. 
 
 Statute 70. Foreign Scholars. 
 For many years past no foreign scholars have asked to be admitted into the 
 college school. 
 
 Statute 72. Teaching of Music. 
 
 No music masters having ever been appointed, this statute could not come into 
 operation. 
 
 Statute 73. Hours of Schooling. 
 
 The present school hours are from six in summer and seven in winter till eight, 
 and from nine to half past 10 in the forenoon. The scholars then attend chapel from 
 10 to 11 ; they return to school from 11 to two, and again from five to six in the 
 evening. The schoolmaster himself attends during one half of the school hours, and 
 the usher the other half. From three to four aU those now in the school, except one, 
 are taught music by the organist. 
 
 Statute 74. Hours of Music Lessons. 
 
 The regular hour at present for those who are taught music by the organist is from 
 three to four, as mentioned under the statute immediately preceding. 
 
 Statute 78. Manner of Teaching. 
 The manner in which this statute is observed is specified under statute 66. 
 
 Statute 80. Visit to Westminster and Merchant Tailors Schools on Election Days. 
 
 This has not of late been complied with, and as a reason for its disuse, the master 
 informed us that he conceived, from the youth and comparative backwardness of the 
 boys, that compliance with it could in no way be advantageous to them. 
 
 Statute 81. Scholars to be sent to Universities. 
 
 From 1619 to 1650 none were sent to the university ; from 1650 to 1690, 12 ; 
 from 1690 to 1714, none ; from 1714 to 1770, six ; since 1770, none. The last boy 
 had £25 a year for eight years. 
 
 Statute 82. Allowances to Boys after leaving. 
 
 The boys are apprenticed at 14, because, as the apprenticeship is for seven years, 
 it would be difficult to find good masters after that age. The most respectable trades' 
 or occupations are selected, and such as are most suitable to their dispositions and 
 capacity. The numbers apprenticed have been from 1619 to 1636, none ; from 1636 
 to 1700, 52 ; from 1701 to 1799, 124 ; from 1800 to 1833, 52. 
 
 £155 is usually laid out on each boy in the following manner : £30 to the master 
 at binding, an outfit of £20 to the boy, in money or clothes, £10 a year durin" the 
 apprenticeship for clothing and washing, and at the end of the apprenticeship^ if a 
 certificate of good conduct is brought, he receives the further sum of £35 instead of 
 the £5 directed by Archbishop Wake's injunction above mentioned. 
 
1834.] REPORT OF THE CHARITY COMMISSIONERS. 367 
 
 Statute 83. Admission of Poor Scholars as Servants. 
 
 It has already been mentioned that no boy has been sent to College since 1770, or 
 asked to be admitted as a servant or officer of the college. 
 
 Statute 85. Diet. 
 
 From change of times, and other circumstances, the minute directions given 
 respecting diet, from the 85"" to the 91" statute inclusive, have not for many years 
 been strictly followed ; some of them have been varied, and others gone entirely into 
 disuse. The provisions supplied to all persons connected ■with the college are more 
 abundant than those directed by the founder. 
 
 The master, warden and fellows dine in the parlour, and the boys, at an earlier 
 hour, in the hall. The boys are not now required to wait, as directed by the founder. 
 
 Statute 92. Clothing of Poor Scholars. 
 
 Each boy has now two suits of clothes every year, and of linen, shoes, stockings, 
 and other articles of that nature, whatever the matron who has charge of them thinks 
 necessary, without limitation. They have of everything nearly double the quantity, 
 and of better quality, than directed by the statute. 
 
 Statute 93. Private Sittings. 
 
 Private sittings are always held when required, and even oftener than directed, but 
 not always on the day or in the manner specified. 
 
 Statute 94. Audits. 
 
 The accounts are regularly and strictly examined, and the buildings surveyed and 
 repaired, but not exactly in the manner here pointed out. 
 
 Statute 95. Complaints and Appeals. 
 There has not of late been any occasion for enforcing this statute. 
 
 Statute 97. Care of Property. 
 
 The master, warden and feUows are careful to keep the Muniments, plate and 
 other property of the college, but it is not now done in the precise manner pointed out 
 in the two preceding statutes. 
 
 Statute 98. Lodgings. 
 
 The college has undergone so many successive alterations, that a literal compliance 
 with the statute has become impossible. The present buildings afford ample accom- 
 modation for all the persons for whom the founder has provided apartments. 
 
 Statute 99. Lodgings. 
 
 The brethren have each three comfortable apartments, and the sisters two each, all 
 of which have lately been either rebuilt or improved. 
 
 Statute 102. Leases. 
 
 The lands and houses are let at the half yearly audits, on the 4"" March and 4'" 
 September, at which the assistants attend. They are not let by auction or written 
 
368 HIST OR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 tender. It is always publicly known when any are vacant and to be let, and the 
 master, warden, and fellows previously ascertain the fair value, and consult their 
 surveyor whenever they deem it useful or necessary, and they enter into treaty 
 previous to the audit days with those who propose to take or continue the same. 
 The property is always let at the highest rent that can be obtained. No fine is ever 
 taken, and the previous treaty is always submitted to the public audit, and carried 
 into effect with the sanction of the assistants then present. 
 
 In consequence of the situation of the college land rendering it peculiarly eligible 
 for villas, an Act was passed on the 18"' June 1808, giving power to the coUege to 
 grant certain leases therein specified for 63 years, and for 21 years after the expiration 
 of the 63, upon payment of fines, which fines were directed to be applied in repairing 
 or rebuilding the college. The Act also empowered the college to grant leases gene- 
 rally for 84 years to persons willing to build, or make substantial repairs on their 
 estates. All the subsisting leases granted under this Act wiU. be found in the 
 Schedule of the college property contained in a subsequent part of this Eeport. 
 
 The fines received from persons specified in the first schedule to the Act amounted 
 to £2972. 10s., of which £1294. 17s. 9d. was laid out in redeeming the land tax of 
 £49. 18s. 8d. per annum due from the college estate in the Camberwell part of Dulwich, 
 and the remainder was added to the repairing and rebuilding fund created by the Act. 
 
 Statute 106. Coppice not to be Leased. 
 None of the 200 acres mentioned in this statute have been grubbed up or leased. 
 
 Statute 108. To be used as Fuel. 
 
 The copse wood is now sold and accounted for to the college, and a sufficient 
 quantity of coals and wood is purchased for the college use. 
 
 Statute 110. Timber not to be Felled. 
 
 No timber trees are cut unless with the sanction of the visitor given from time to 
 time, and even then not unless proper for felling, and the proceeds are applied for the 
 improvement of the college and its property, and the surplus is added to the repairing 
 fund. ° 
 
 Statute 111. Timber felled to be used on Estate. 
 
 There being more timber upon the college lands than is necessary for the buildin" 
 and repairs of the college or use of the tenants, the surplus has been disposed of for 
 the improvement of the college or its estates. None has been felled that was not of 
 full growth. 
 
 Statute 112. Husbandry to be Maintained. 
 
 This statute has fallen into disuse for 150 years past, arising from the change in 
 the manners and habits of the times. ^ 
 
 Statute 113. Servants. 
 A servant is kept for the Master, another for the warden, and a sufficient number 
 of servants for the use of the college, but changes have been made in the employment 
 of several of them, and in the dress and wages of all, according to the chano-e of times 
 
1834.] REPORT OF THE CHARITY COMMISSIONERS. 369 
 
 Statute 114. Disposition of Eeveuue. 
 The manner in which this statute is observed will be adverted to in a subsequent 
 part of this Eeport, where the present actual distribution of the annual income of the 
 charity is specified. 
 
 Statute 116. £100 to be kept in the Treasury. 
 
 There is always much more than £100 in the Treasury, as will be hereafter 
 mentioned. 
 
 Statute 118. 
 
 The remainder of the 600 parts should be delivered to the said warden, as the first 
 receipt of monies to be delivered for the benefit of the college. 
 
 AU the payments imposed on the annual revenues of the college, to the amount 
 of £600, have in substance been discharged from the time of its foundation to the 
 present, except that nothing has been paid in respect to the maintenance or allowances 
 of the six chaunters, or of the 30 out members. 
 
 Statute 121. Failure of Fit Persons in Parishes. 
 This contingency has never happened. 
 
 Statute 122. Application of Penalties. 
 
 There has been no occasion for many years to make any of the deductions here 
 specified. 
 
 Statute 123. Statutes to be Eead. 
 
 The statutes are not read as here directed. The master, warden, and feUows have 
 copies. The statutes are in print, and many other members of the college have copies. 
 
 The founder having made these statutes on the 29"" September 1626, by his will 
 dated 13'" November of the same year, and proved at London the 13"" of December 
 following, gave to the college a seal ring with his arms, to be worn by the master and 
 liis successors, and appointed a common seal to be made for the college. He also 
 bequeathed to the college his pictures, books, instruments, and some pieces of furniture 
 specified in his will, which he directed should be kept in repair continually. 
 
 He also thereby directed that his executors should within two years after his de- 
 cease build 10 almshouses in the parish of S' Botolph without Bishopsgate, for 10 poor 
 people of that parish to be members of the college ; 10 other houses in S' Saviour's 
 Parish, for 10 poor people of that parish, to be likewise members of the coUege ; which 
 20 poor people should have the maintenance set down in the statutes of the college. 
 
 He also bequeathed to the churchwardens of S' Botolph's without Bishopsgate, and 
 their successors for ever, a tenement in Dulwich, with the appurtenances, called the 
 Blew House, for the only use of the poor of their said parish to be by them employed 
 in such manner as directed by the statutes of the said college. 
 
 He then charged £1500, which was to be applied for the benefit of the 30 members,* 
 upon two leaseholds, then held by him, one of which was an inn called the Unicorn, 
 and the other consisted of premises called the Barge, the BeU and the Cock;t and 
 
 * The Commissioners are here in error : the ^1500 charged on these leaseholds was in favour of 
 Alleyn's wife, Constance. See the will on pp. 92 rf seq. 
 
 t From contemporary documents it appears that " the Barge, the Bell and the Cock " was one 
 tenement. 
 
 VOL. I. 3 A 
 
370 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 after payment of the above mentioned sum, directed that the said leaseholds should 
 remain to the college. 
 
 It is denied, on the part of the college, that the college ever received any part of 
 this £1500, and we found no reason to doubt the accuracy of the statement. The 30 
 poor people do not receive the maintenance set down in the statutes, for the reasons 
 which will be mentioned in a succeeding part of this Eeport. 
 
 Having thus gone through the whole of the statutes, and annexed to them such 
 observations as appeared necessary to show in what manner they are still observed, 
 we shall now proceed to specify the present real and personal property of the college, 
 and sums and proportions in which its annual income is distributed. 
 
 The real property now possessed by the college, consists of the estates originally 
 given to it by the founder. Little alteration has been made in them either by ex- 
 change, sale or purchase. The College, as has been already mentioned, laid out 
 £1294 17s. 9d. in redeeming the land-tax on their estate in the Camberwell part of 
 Dulwich, amounting to £49. 18s. 8d. per annum. At a subsequent period £526. 12s. 
 was laid out in redeeming the land-tax on the Lambeth part of their Dulwich estate, 
 amounting to £12. 16s. 6d. per annum. This sum was raised by sale of an outlying 
 piece of ground, of about an acre on the road-side at the bottom of Dulwich, and some 
 timber. The land-tax is stUl collected from the tenants, according to the extent of 
 their tenures, and has been regularly carried to the buildmg and repairing fund. No 
 part of it has been applied to the general purposes of the college. 
 
 [Here follows the schedule of all the lands belonging to the college.] 
 
 The college itself is a large biiilding, two stories high, forming three sides of a 
 square. The public apartments consist of a chapel, dining haU, parlour, library, 
 kitchen, and appurtenances. 
 
 The chapel is used as the place of public worship for the inhabitants of Dulwich, 
 as well as for the inmates of the college. 
 
 The clerical fellows perform all ecclesiastical duties within the college and 
 Dulwich, which by law they are allowed to do. 
 
 The college also contains private apartments for the master, warden, four fellows, 
 six poor brethren, and six poor sisters, acconamodation for servants and stabUng. 
 
 For the 12 poor scholars there is a school room, dining hall, and dormitories. 
 
 The garden contains about three acres. The field called the Howletts, mentioned 
 in the 104'" statute, kept in hand, contains about nine acres. Two grass fields, also 
 kept in hand, occupy about six acres, part of one of the latter being used as playoround 
 for the scholars. ° 
 
 Since the college obtained the private Act in 1808, the west wing has been partially 
 rebuilt, and extensive repairs have been made throughout the whole buildino-s at an 
 expense in 1817 of £4602, in 1821 of £3823, and in 1831 of £6865, 
 
 In the above expenditure the whole buUding fund which had been accumulated 
 Ms been exhausted, and £207. 12s. 7d. still remains to be provided for by the future 
 receipts of the land tax, and other savings to be made by the coUese 
 
 From 1812 to 1833 £22,203. 18s. 5d. have been laid out in building and repairs 
 
 The CoUege itself, and all buildings appertaining thereto, are now in excellent 
 condition. 
 
 The foUowing Schedule of receipts and payments for 1832, extracted from the 
 Sex enditu?e-— ^^ ^°^'^ ^^^'^""^ ^^'^^"^"^ amount of its yearly income 
 
>S34-] 
 
 REPORT OF THE CHARITY COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 371 
 
 Gross half year's rental due Lady day 1832 . 
 
 Extra and casual receipts .... 
 
 Half year's rental due Mchaelmas 1832 
 
 Extras and arrears of rent .... 
 
 Difference between the fractional balance in 1832 
 and the fractional balance in 1833 
 
 The division is always made on a round sum. The 
 fractional part, which is thrown back into the 
 fund for next division, is sometimes larger, 
 sometimes smaller. This year it was diminished 
 by the sum above stated. 
 
 3589 4 10 
 
 10 12 
 3675 3 2 
 
 606 10 7 
 
 11 19 7 
 
 £7893 10 2 
 
 For the diet, &c. of the Master, warden and fellows, 
 
 scholars and servants, and the general expense 
 
 of the establishment for one year, for which the 
 
 founder has apportioned 254| parts, out of 373|- 
 
 parts to be left in the Warden's hands every 4'" 
 
 March ...... 1911 2 
 
 Servants' wages and liveries for the college chapel 
 
 and general establishment for which the founder 
 
 has allowed other 27 parts out of the 373^ parts 
 
 above mentioned .... 197 3 4 
 
 Paid for the apprenticing poor scholars and for their 
 
 annual clothing and gratuities, on completing 
 
 their apprenticeship .... 275 
 
 The twelve poor scholars 
 
 For their apparel . . £127 10 2 
 
 For books, stationery . . 22 11 3 
 
 Medical assistance . . 9 15 6 
 
 The salaiies of the master, warden and fellows 
 The pensions to the 12 poor brethren and 
 
 sisters £5. 12. per month 
 And to them, in lieu of bavins from the 
 
 woods .... 
 And to the 12 poor brothers and sisters, also 
 
 the balance of their six parts of the 
 
 remains for bettering their gowns for 
 
 two years 
 
 159 
 141 
 
 16 
 2 
 
 £72 16 
 
 24 
 
 161 3 3 
 
 For general repairs of the College, and of their estates, 
 roads and highways, paid out of their annual 
 income ..•-■• 
 
 11 
 4 
 
 257 19 3 
 
 585 3 5 
 
372 
 
 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. 
 
 [a.d. 
 
 Their bailiffs expences in managing and looking after 
 the estates, woods, farms and out-door charges, 
 including the repair of the private roads from 
 which a toll is received, and allowances 
 
 Taxes and quit rents 
 
 Insurance of the College buildings 
 
 Furniture .... 
 
 The Library .... 
 
 'J.'he Steward's annual bill 
 
 The Assistants' horsehire 
 
 Sundry casual expences of the establishment during 
 the year 
 
 To John AUen Esq., Master . 
 Jeffrys Thomas Allen esq. Warden . 
 Eev. John Image, first fellow, preacher 
 Eev. John Vane, second fellow, schoolmaster 
 Rev. John Lindsay, third fellow, usher 
 Eev. G. Browne, fourth fellow, organist 
 Twelve brethren and sisters one twelfth being 
 
 £134. 11. lOJ. each 
 The churchwardens' assistants 
 
 Parta 
 40 
 30 
 12 
 12 
 10 
 10 
 
 109* 
 3*' 
 
 451 9 6 
 
 209 15 9 
 
 112 10 
 
 54 14 1 
 
 30 
 
 63 16 7 
 
 2 15 
 
 100 4 6 
 
 590 
 
 442 10 
 
 177 
 
 177 
 
 147 10 
 
 147 10 
 
 1615 2 6 
 
 44 5 
 
 £7893 10 2 
 
 The above sums paid to each of the members are independent of their board, 
 lodging, and other advantages which they derive from the college. 
 
 The accounts have been examined, and appear to have been kept with great 
 regularity and correctness. At March 4"" 1833, which was the half year immediately 
 preceding our inspection, a balance of £5521. 8s. 3d. remained in the hands of the 
 warden to answer the charge of the half year following. It appears to us that so lar<^e 
 a balance ought * not to be left in the hands of the warden. 
 
 Having now given an abstract of the existing state and distribution of the funds 
 of the college, it becomes necessary to mention, that disputes have prevailed with 
 little intermission between the college and the three parishes of S' Botolph, S' Saviours, 
 and S' Luke's, from the foundation of the Charity to the present time. These parishes 
 allege generally that they never have derived that benefit from the college to which 
 they are strictly entitled, or at least that they do not now derive that amount of 
 benefit which the vast increase which has lately taken place in its funds entitles them 
 to enjoy. The specific clauns now or formerly preferred by these parishes against the 
 college are four : 
 
 1. The right of the churchwardens of the three parishes to act as assistants to the 
 college. 
 
 2. The right of the three parishes to have the almshouses for the 30 out-members 
 repaired by the college. 
 
 „, "Tlie Commissioners do not appear to have been informed that a considerable part of the 
 Wardens balance was invested. See p. 321. * 
 
1834.] REPORT OF THE CHARITY COMMISSIONERS. 373 
 
 3. The right of the 30 out-members to the clothing, pensions and proportion of the 
 surplus revenue assigned to them by the statutes. 
 
 4 That the permanent income of the college is now so great that the number of 
 poor brethren and sisters ought to be augmented. 
 
 The first of these points appears to us to be set at rest by a decree pronounced by 
 Lord Chancellor King, on the 4"" April 1728, in a suit in which the Attorney-General, 
 at the relation of Samuel Higgs and others, was the informant, and the master, warden, 
 fellows, and poor brethren, sisters and scholars, and the visitor were defendants.* 
 
 From the recitals contained in that decree, it appears the information prayed that 
 the churchwardens might be restored to the of&ce of assistants in the college, and to 
 the enjoyment of the powers given them by the statutes, and might be quieted in the 
 enjoyment of the same. 
 
 The decree declares that Edward AUeyne, the founder of the college, could not, by 
 his ordinances and statutes of the 29'" September 1626, add any persons to the 
 corporation, or make any new person a member of the body corporate, but that he 
 could appoint assistants to the corporation; and it was therefore ordered that the 
 churchwardens and their successors should be admitted to be assistants to the 
 corporation, according to the statutes, without prejudice to the rights or power which 
 belonged to the Archbishop of Canterbury as visitor. 
 
 This decree has ever since been submitted to by the parishes and the college. 
 The six churchwardens of the three parishes are allowed by the college to act as 
 assistants at their half yearly audits, and in the election of a warden, but they have 
 never interfered in the election of any member of the corporate body of which the 
 college consists. 
 
 With regard to the second claim of the three parishes, which is to have the alms- 
 houses for the 30 members repaired by the college, we have discovered no evidence 
 whatever tending to show that any part of the expense of rebuilding or repairing any 
 of them has ever been defrayed by the college, nor does the same, either by the deed 
 of uses or the statutes themselves, appear to be charged upon the revenues of the 
 college. We therefore thiak that this claim of the parishes cannot be maintained. 
 
 The main facts relating to the third point, viz. the clothing and surplus share of 
 the annual income which the parishes contend ought to be given by the college to the 
 30 members, pursuant to the provisions contained in the 10'^ 42*, 103'*, 113'", 117'", 
 and 119'" statutes, appear to be these — 
 
 It certainly appears from entries made in a diary kept by the founder, and still 
 preserved in the college, that various payments were made by him to or on account of 
 the 30 members ; and the statutes above referred to afford evidence that, at the time 
 the statutes were framed, it was the founder's intention that the 30 members shoidd 
 form a part of the college. On the other hand, as the founder reserved a life interest 
 in the property by the deed of uses conveyed to the hospital, any payments made by 
 the founder during his lifetime can be no proof of the charges which were to continue 
 on the property after his death. 
 
 It also appears that the pensions assigned to the 30 members were paid for a few 
 years immediately following the founder's death in 1626. From that period they 
 were discontinued, until Archbishop Sheldon in 1667, made the following amongst 
 other orders for the regulation of the College : — 
 
 " We do therefore appoint, that between Michaelmas and Christmas next ensuing, 
 
 * See Chapter VIII. p. 248. 
 
374 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 " the said poor shall each of them have a gown of the price aforesaid and that from 
 " and after our Lady day which shall be in the year of our Lord 1669, they shall each 
 " of them weekly have their allowance in money of 6". per week, to be paid them as 
 " the statutes do direct, and so from year to year ever after to continue." 
 
 The allowance in clothing and money was continued from 1667 to 1724-25 with 
 one interruption. This interruption took place in 1676. The college then refused to 
 make the usual payments to the 30 outmembers. Archbishop Bancroft, then visitor, 
 directed an inquiry, and thereafter ordered the warden of the college to pay two years' 
 arrears, amounting to £88. To this order all the members of the college submitted, 
 except the third fellow,* who refused to sign the accounts, and was expelled the 
 college by the visitor. 
 
 The last payment made to the 30 members vras in March 1725-26, when they 
 received £19. 10s. in respect of the 39 parts out of 600 given them by the statutes. 
 They did not in fact receive the gowns in 1725-26, for though the gowns were then 
 ordered, they were not at that time actually bestowed, and the sum allowed for them 
 in the audit books appears from the college accounts to have been brought back into 
 stock in 1730. 
 
 It also appears, that soon after 1725-26 appKcations were made to Archbishop 
 Wake, then visitor, for his interference, both on the part of the churchwardens and 
 the college. The result was, that the Archbishop refused in any way to interfere. 
 The churchwardens afterwards resolved to try the question at law respecting the rights 
 of the 30 members, and the Archbishop by letter dated January 22* 1728-29, allowed 
 the college to defend the action. No action however was brought. In 1747 the 
 churchwardens again ineffectually petitioned the visitor for the restoration of their 
 pensions. Some steps were again taken for the same purpose in 1798, but were soon 
 stopped. Since then the claim continued dormant until a short time previous to the 
 institution of this inquiry. 
 
 The impression made upon us by the whole of these proceedings with respect to 
 the 30 members is, that although their claims were neither directly put in issue by 
 the pleadings in the cause brought before Lord King, nor determined by the decree 
 pronounced by him in 1728, that the claim on their behalf was virtually negatived by 
 the general principle on which the decree proceeded. 
 
 The 4'" and last claim of the parishes is, that the share of the income of the 
 college, which, according to the plan of distribution which has always prevailed, is so 
 great, that the number of poor brethren and sisters who partake of it ought 'to be 
 augmented. In bringing forward this claim, the three parishes question the legality 
 of the distribution of so much of the annual income of the College as remains after 
 defraying the general expense of the establishment, which has always been made by 
 the master, warden and fellows. The founder has not, by the deed by which he 
 conveyed his property to the corporation of the college, in any way fixed the propor- 
 tions in which the rents and profits of it were to be divided amoiirr its members 
 These proportions are settled only by the body of statutes above inserted which not 
 only give dn-ections respecting the government of the college, and interests of the 
 corporate members of it to whom the founder's property had previously been conveyed 
 but set apart certam pensions and portions of the surplus income of the colle<Te to six 
 chaunters and 30 outmembers, whom Lord King's decree of 1728 declares'' him to 
 
 See* '^{'70''""°'^ ^^^"""^ ^^^ """^ **" *'"^ ^''"°'^' ^''^ ^^' '^'■'* ^''11°^' the Rev. Francis Brocket* 
 
1834.] REPORT OF THE CHARITY COMMISSIONERS. 375 
 
 have had no right to add to the original corporation. The way in which tire surplus 
 income has always been distributed is this : the whole is divided into 600 shares, as 
 directed by the US'" statute. Each member of the corporation then receives his 
 statutory share, and the shares allotted by the statutes to the chaunters and 30 
 members are regularly thrown back every year into tlie Treasury, and are thus made 
 to form the first item of the income of the college for the year following. 
 
 By this practice the present members of the college have evidently been receiving 
 a larger share of its surplus annual income than is given by the statutes, or was 
 intended by the founder ; and whether the distribution now made be valid under the 
 deed of conveyance, is a point which has never yet been determined and may perhaps 
 be not quite certain. 
 
 Supposing however the plan of distribution now followed to be strictly legal, the 
 extraordinary and apparently permanent increase in the annual income of the charity 
 which has taken place within the last 30 years, seems to require attention. 
 
 The annual income was estimated by the founder at £800 a year, and for some 
 years after his death it fell below that sum. In 1728 it had only risen to £1368. 
 18s. 3d. and the expenses of the establishment to £985. 16s. 8d. leaving a surplus ibr 
 division of only £383. Is. 7d. ; £1. 10s. is said to have then been divided on each share.* 
 From that time the revenue seems to have gradually increased ; but its most rapid 
 rise took place in the end of the last and beginning of the present century, and was 
 owing to the improvements of the roads between London and Dulwich, and to the 
 passing of the private act of parliament already mentioned, which enabled the college 
 to grant building leases of its property. In 1815 the dividends on each share of the 
 surplus amounted to £9. 13s. 4d.t At the time of our examination in 1833, the annual 
 income amounted to £7881. 10s. 7d. 
 
 The dividend on each share in respect of the surplus fund had risen to £14. 15s. 
 and out of it each of the 12 poor brethren and sisters, besides clothing, excellent lodg- 
 ing and maintenance in and from the college, received £134. lis. lO^d. per annum. 
 
 This so far exceeds any allowance which can be required by the poor brothers and 
 sisters described in the statute, or to have been intended by the founder, that it seems 
 proper to submit it to the consideration of His Majesty's Attorney-General whether 
 the opinion of a Court of Equity should not be taken on the propriety of extending 
 the charity to such a degree and in such a manner as might be deemed most 
 expedient. Should that course be adopted, an opportunity may then be also afforded 
 of rendering the school more efficient either for qualifying the poor scholars for 
 becoming respectable tradesmen, or for preparing some of them for the university, or 
 for answering as far as is practicable both of these purposes. 
 
 As already mentioned, there is only one entry in the Private Sittings 
 book relating to this inquiry, which is as follows : — 
 
 13 february 1834. The Commissioners of Charities who had visited the College, 
 and were preparing their Eeport, having intimated that it would become requisite for 
 some part of the concerns of the College to be brought before the Court of Chancery, 
 It was deemed prudent to retain some eminent Counsel usually attending the Courts 
 of the Vice Chancellor & the Master of the Eolls, and Agreed That a General retainer 
 
 * The dividend on the 4th March 1727-8 was £300, or tan shillings a share. These iigrires cannot 
 be traced in the audit books. 
 
 t March 4, 1815. Dividend £5800, or £9. 139. 4d. per share. 
 
376 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 for the College be forthwith given to Sir Edward Sugden, M"" Knight, M' Bickersteth 
 and M"" Pemberton. 
 
 The inquiry thus foreshadowed did not actually take place until 1841, 
 before which time the three first-named counsel had been promoted to 
 judicial office, and the case was actually heard before Mr. Bickersteth, then 
 Lord Langdale, as Master of the Eolls, with Mr. Pemberton as leading 
 counsel for the College. 
 
 The College had always been most tenacious of their right to the timber 
 on the estate, which was invariably reserved to them in all leases ; in this 
 year the following correspondence on that subject took place between Mr. 
 John Allen, the Master, and Mr. George Grote, the eminent historian : — 
 
 3. Febry 1834 
 Sir, I am concerned to be under the necessity of stating to you on the part of the 
 college of God's Gift that a considerable number of timber trees forming the whole of 
 the inner line of trees in the fields adjoining the Penge Eoad * and growing on the 
 premises yon occupy under the lease granted to the late Tho' Lett have been materially 
 injured by the heads being cut off and their growth to timber entirely prevented, to 
 the great damage of the property and the beauty of the estate. If you will take the 
 trouble to refer to your lease you will find that the act is in contravention of an 
 express covenant in the lease, and a ground of forfeiture of the same. The matter 
 will be taken into consideration by the college at their first convenient opportunity, 
 previously to which I conceive it my duty to trouble yoa with this note, and wait 
 your reply and explanation. 
 
 George Grote, Esq. I am Sir &c. John Allen. 
 
 Dulwich Wood, Febry 3, 1834. 
 
 Sir, I have to acknowledge the receipt of your note of this morning on the 
 subject of the trees which I have lately caused to be headed on the roadside. I am 
 aware that this ought not to be done by any tenant in strictness and propriety, 
 against the wish of the College, and if I could have conceived that they would have' 
 understood it as an injury to their property, I should not have thought of heading any 
 of the trees without consulting them beforehand. But I feel persuaded that when 
 the ground is attentively looked at, the trees recently headed will be found Ukely to 
 increase materially the beauty of the belt as a pei-manent appendage to the road 
 without at all impairing the ultimate value of the timber. 
 
 Considering the trees in the belt merely as timber, you will observe that the front 
 row and the back row stand so very close together that each is an impediment to the 
 growth of the other. _ I feel persuaded that the trees in the front row, when releived 
 {sic) from this impedunent will acquire an increase of vigour and expansion perfectly 
 adequate to the loss of height on the part of the poUards in the back row. 
 
 But even if this were otherwise I beg to submit to you that the "trees in that 
 belt could never have been intended as a mere repository of timber. If they had 
 been so intended they never would have been so huddled together. The College will 
 surely be disposed to consider them partly as a screen to my house, partly" as an 
 
 * Now College Road. 
 
1834.] CORRESPONDENCE WITH MR. GEORGE GROTE. 377 
 
 ornamental appendage to the road. Now I beg you to observe that they had all shot 
 up so much and so high as no longer to serve the purpose of a screen. From being 
 packed together so closely, they had thrown out no lateral boughs in the lower 
 portious of the trunk but merely shot straight up into the air, so that the view from 
 the road was almost as unobstructed as if there had been no trees at all. Before I 
 determined on heading the back row, I had previously tried to raise some youDger 
 trees under them, but I found that most of what I planted withered and perished, on 
 account of the drip fi'om the branches above. I could not obtain a screen in any 
 other way than by converting the back row into PoUards, and it is my intention in 
 the spring to try whether I cannot succeed in thickening the belt by the addition of 
 some young trees, now that the drip is removed. Those trees which have been 
 recently headed look unsightly at this moment, but I am fully persuaded that in a 
 short time, when they shall have thrown out lateral branches, they will prove a much 
 greater ornament to the road as pollards than they ever could have been as timber 
 trees without fair room to spread : while the front row will now have good and ample 
 space, which they never had before. 
 
 I may be permitted to add that I feel quite as great an anxiety to preserve the 
 beauty of that belt, as the College can feel ; and with regard to the place which I 
 occupy, in general, scarcely a month has passed, since I have been in possession, in 
 which I have not laid out a good deal in adding to its beauty and value. Nothing 
 can be farther from my wish than to encroach upon the rights of the College in any 
 way : but I hope they will see that no advantage can possibly result to them from 
 insisting on the preservation of trees which check each others growth, and which 
 frustrate the special pui-pose for which they were planted. 
 
 The lop and top, arising from the trees just headed, is still lying where it was cut, 
 and the bailiff of the College can either take it away or receive the vahie, whichever 
 may be most convenient. Its value, including all conceivable injury to the timber, 
 will be found much inferior to that of the new trees which I have myself planted in 
 various parts of the grounds. 
 
 Trusting that this explanation will prove satisfactory to yourself and to the College 
 I have the honour to remain, Sir, your obt. hum"' Serv' 
 
 Geo. Geote. 
 To the Master of Dulwich College. 
 
 [N"o date.] 
 Sir, 
 
 Your letter of the 3"" of February having been taken into consideration by the 
 College, it becomes my duty to inform you that the explanation you have given of the 
 act committed by your order is not considered by them satisfactorj'. 
 
 They cannot admit that Pollards, to v/hatever size they may attam, can be of the 
 same value with trees which have not xindergoue that mutilation. 
 
 If the trees were so close to one another as not to admit of their full expansion, 
 the College conceive that the sacrifice of every alternate tree would have remedied 
 more effectually the supposed inconvenience than the entire destruction of one row, 
 leaving the trees in the other row untouclied. 
 
 If a screen had been wanted for your house it might have been better supplied by 
 planting evergreen shrubs under the trees or along the inner side of the belt. 
 
 In every lease granted by the College there is a reservation of the trees growing 
 on the property, and a covenant inserted prohibiting their tenants from cutting, lopping, 
 VOL. I. 3 b 
 
378 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 or otherwise disfiguring any of tlie trees on the premises demised to them, without 
 leave asked and obtained from the College. Where such applications from tenants 
 have been reasonable, they have never been denied. But where they have proceeded 
 from indifference or insensibility to their effects on the surrounding scenery, they have 
 more than once been refused ; and in your case had the application been made it 
 would probably have been only partially complied with. In order to secure the 
 College estate from being deteriorated and disfigured at the caprice of every tenant, it 
 is necessary to enforce these regulations ; and were a gentleman of your rank and 
 fortune permitted to disregard with impunity the covenants of his lease, with what 
 grace could we proceed with greater severity against the poorer and more helpless of 
 our tenants ? 
 
 After a full consideration of the case we have thought it right that you should pay 
 a penalty of £20 to the College for the injury done to our trees, and as an example to 
 our other tenants not to violate the covenants of their lease. 
 
 For myself I have only to add the expression of my sincere regret that the first 
 intercourse I have had with a gentleman whose literary attainments and public 
 character I respect, should have turned on so disagreeable a subject. 
 
 I have the honour to be 
 
 &c. &c. John Allen. 
 
 George Grote, Esq., Dulwich Wood. 
 
 On the 3rd. April 1834 the following entry occurs : — 
 
 M' Grote having paid Twenty Pounds for the damage he has done to the College 
 trees and as a penalty for having poUarded the trees without licence, Ordered that 
 ten pounds, being the estimated value of the trees be paid to the Eepairing Fund, and 
 the remaining Ten pounds be paid to M' Vane for the use of the Infant School recently 
 established and supported by voluntary subscription. 
 
 Another case of breach of covenant is noted on the 30th January 1840, 
 the delinquent being Mr. Lancelot Baugh Allen, who had been Warden of 
 the College from 1805 to 1811, and Master from 1811 to 1820. The 
 minute runs : — 
 
 L. B. Allen Esq having erected a building on the premises leased to him by the 
 College, without their consent, and having subsequently, without licence, pulled down 
 a building, consisting of a stable, coach house and other offices, which he had 
 covenanted to uphold and leave entire, and applied the materials to his own use • all 
 which acts are in contravention to the conditions of his lease. The coUec^e, consider- 
 ing on the one hand that if the example he has given be left altogether unnoticed it 
 may be followed as a precedent by their other tenants, to their great detriment 'as 
 Landlords, and unwilling on the other hand to proceed with severity against him are 
 of opinion that he ought to pay the sum of Ten Pounds to the CoUege, to be applied 
 by them to any charitable purpose they think fit, and desire this resolution mav be 
 communicated to him by M' Druce their Steward and solicitor. 
 
 On the 13th March 1840 it is noted that the £10 had been paid by 
 Mr. Allen, and ordered that the same be given to the Provident Club of 
 the hamlet, as the charity most in want of it. 
 
I835-] APPOINTMENT OF A SUB-WARDEN. 379 
 
 The Warden, Mr. JeiFrys Thomas Allen, signed the Private Sittings 
 book for the last time on the 14th March 1835, and on the 11th September 
 1835 the following minute is recorded : — 
 
 Having taken into consideration the state of the Warden's health which holds out 
 no prospect of his speedy amendment so as to enable him to perform his duties as 
 warden, I hereby appoint the Eev*. John Image senior Fellow of the College, to act as 
 subwarden during the Warden's indisposition or till some permanent arrangement can 
 be made for the discharge of the duties of his office. 
 
 John Allen. 
 
 Mr. Jeffrys T. Allen did not again attend any College meeting, but 
 the sum of £319. 7s. — " Balance of the "Warden's account for dividend and 
 " salary" — was paid for his account to Eobarts & Co., to be credited at 
 Stuckey's Bank at Bridgewater in 1839, 1840, and 1841. 
 
 On the occasion of this appointment of a Sub-Warden, several new 
 arrangements as to the cash in the Warden's hands were made, as will 
 appear by the following minutes : — 
 
 Feb"". 27. 1836. Ordered, that any Dividend which may be found due to the Poor 
 Brethren and Sisters on the 4"" of March next be paid by the warden into the Banking 
 House of Coutts & Co. in the joint names of John Allen, the Rev*. John Image, sub- 
 warden, and John Vane, with power to any two of them to draw therefrom, and that 
 the same be dehvered to the Poor Brethren and Sisters in twelve equal payments one 
 every month. 
 
 10"" March 1836. Ordered that out of the Balance of £5509. 2. 6. remainmg in 
 the hands of the Warden as settled at the last Audit held on the 4'" of March last the 
 sum of £1300 Stock in the Consolidated 3 per cent annuities be purchased in the 
 names of the Master, First and Second Fellows of the College. 
 
 19'" March 1836. Whereas the sum of £1194. 7. 6. being part of the Balance 
 stated to be in the Warden's Hands at the Audit on the 4"" inst, has been invested in 
 the purchase of £1300 Stock in the Consolidated £3 per cent Bank annuities in the 
 names of John AUen, John Image, and John Vane, It is hereby declared, that the 
 Warden is not personally responsible for the above sum of £1194. 7. 6, any more than 
 he is for the sums of £953. 5. 6. and £1540, as stated and particularized in the order 
 made at the Private Sittings on the 20'" February 1821. 
 
 Ordered that from the Dividends upon £1700 Consols & £2000 £3. 10. pr cents 
 received by the Master for July 1835 and January 1836, amounting to £121, and of 
 which £5 has been as usual paid to the Senior Fellow for the use of the Library, 
 That the further sum of £30 be paid to the Senior Fellow for the use of the 
 Library, and the remaining £86 be paid into the Eepairing Fund towards liquidating 
 the same. 
 
 Ordered that the Annual Dividends arising from the Public Funds purchased with 
 parts of the Balances in the hands of the Warden at the several half yearly audits of 
 the College viz' on £1700 Consolidated £3 per cents, and £2000 in £3. 10. pr cents of 
 the year 1818, mentioned in the order of 20'" February 1821, and the Dividends on 
 £1300 Consolidated £3 per cents mentioned as being purchased in another Order 
 made this day, producing together the sum of £160 annually be appropriated to the 
 
38o HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d 
 
 use of the College in manner following viz'. Thab fifty Pounds be paid to the Senior 
 Tellow for the use of the Library and accounted for by him as usual on the first 
 Satxirday after the 4"" of March in every year, and that the remaining sum of £110 
 p. ann. be yearly paid into the Eepairing Fund until the whole of the Debt due from 
 that Fund be discharged. 
 
 The Master, Warden, and Fellows thus relinquished the dividends on 
 the invested monies of the College, which they had taken for their 
 personal use since 1806, and they continued to pay these dividends to the 
 Repairing Fund, after the whole debt of that Fund had been discharged. 
 
 It is noticeable, however, that the Charity Commissioners do not appear 
 to have been apprised of these investments, as they treat the money as 
 actually in the Warden's hands, and nothing is said as to the very con- 
 siderable increase in the A^alue of the securities since the time of their 
 purchase. 
 
 All subsequent investments of College monies were made in Exchequer 
 Bills; and on the 8th June 1837, it is especially ordered that the interest 
 and profits from an Exchequer Bill for £1000, purchased by the Master, 
 with part of the Warden's balance left in his hands, be applied to the 
 Repairing Fund of the College. 
 
 On the 15th April 1837, it was "ordered that Twenty Guineas a year 
 " be paid to M'' Thomas Bartlett for instructing the poor Scholars in 
 " writing ; " on the same day the wages of the cook and housekeeper were 
 settled at £40 per annum. 
 
 As had been intimated by the Charity Commissioners in 1834, 
 the Attorney- General, Sir John Campbell (afterwards Lord Campbell), 
 filed an Information against the College in 1836, joining the Archbishop 
 of Canterbury and the churchwardens of St. Botolph's, St. Saviour's, 
 and St. Luke's as defendants. The case was heard before Lord Lano'dale, 
 Master of the Rolls, on the 21st and 22nd of December 1840, and the 
 15th, 16th, and 29th of January 1841 : Mr. Kindersley and Mr. Blunt 
 being for the Information; Mr. Pemberton, Mr. C. P. Cooper, and Mr. 
 Teed for the College ; Mr. Cockerell for the Archbishop of Canterbury ; 
 Mr. Girdlestone, Mr. Turner, Mr. Jemmett, and Mr. K. Parker for other 
 parties. 
 
 The Master of the Rolls delivered judgment on the 29th of July 1841 
 in the following words, which fally set forth the circumstances of the case 
 and the allegations of the Information : — 
 
 Judgment. 
 
 This Information prays, that it may be declared who are entitled to participate in 
 the funds and revenues of the College ; that the Charity ought to be extended to a 
 greater number of objects ; that directions may be given for carrying into effect the 
 
iS4i.] THE ATTORNEY-GENERAL V. DULWICH COLLEGE. 3S1 
 
 charitable purposes of the Founder, and for securing to the scliolars of the School the 
 benefits intended for them ; and that the number of the Scholars may be increased ; 
 and that it may be referred to the Master to inc[uire what alterations should be made 
 in the regulations now in force as to the residence of the Members or otherwise, as to 
 the government of the College ; that directions may be given for the appropriation of 
 the Eevenues according to a scheme to be settled, and that in settling the scheme, 
 regard may be had not only to the Statutes and Ordinances, but also to the Will of 
 the Founder. 
 
 The Case is, that by letters patent, dated 21st June, 1619, license was granted to 
 Edward Alleyn, for the maintenance of poor men, women, and chUdren, and the 
 education of the same poor children, to found a College in Dulwich, to endure for ever, 
 and to consist of one Master, one Warden, four Fellows, six poor Brethren, six poor 
 Sisters, and twelve poor Scholars, to be maintained, educated, and governed, according 
 to such ordinances and statutes as he should make in his lifetime, or as the persons 
 nominated by him should make after his death; and he was empowered to make 
 ordinances, constitutions and statutes for the maintenance, education and government 
 of tire Master, Warden, Fellows, poor Brethren, Sisters and Scholars. The College 
 vt'as to be called the College of God's Gift, and the Master and so on were to be a body 
 Corporate, and to have power to take to them and their successors the lands therein 
 mentioned ; and the Archbishop of Canterbury was to be for ever "Visitor of the College, 
 and to have power over the same and the persons therein, to visit, order and punish 
 according to the ecclesiastical law of England, and such constitutions and ordinances 
 as Edward Alleyn should make. 
 
 Pursuant to this license, and on the 13th September, 1619, the said Edward Alleyn 
 established a College, and nominated the master, warden, four fellows, six poor 
 brethren, six poor sisters, and twelve poor scholars, to have perpetual succession 
 according to such statutes as should be made ; and afterwards, by a deed dated 24th 
 April, 1620, he conveyed the lands in the letters patent mentioned, to the sole and 
 only use of the master, warden, four fellows, six poor brethren, six poor sisters, and 
 twelve poor scholars, and their successors for ever, and to no other intent and purpose 
 whatsoever. On the 29th of September, 1626, being six years after the endowment, 
 the founder established certain statutes and ordinances for the maintenance, education 
 and government of the College, and thereby stated the qualifications and duties which 
 were to be required from and performed by the master, warden, fellows, poor brethren, 
 poor sisters, and poor scholars, and how the revenues were to be distributed. In 
 framing these statutes, he seems to have considered that in some respects he was at 
 liberty to vary the corporation and foundation which he had established, and he 
 appointed that there should be six Chaunters, for music and singing in the Chapel, 
 who should be called and esteemed junior fellows, every one of them to have his voice 
 as the four senior fellows had ; six assistants touching the order of the College, and 
 the rents, revenues and profits thereof, and thirty members, and desiring that a pro- 
 portion of the poor brethren and sisters should be chosen out of each of the parishes of 
 Saint Botolph Without Bishopsgate; Saint Saviour's, in Southwark; and the parish 
 now called Saint Luke's. He directed two Churchwardens of each of those parishes 
 should for ever be assistants to the master, warden, and fellows, for the government 
 thereof, and further, that the Churchwardens and Vestry of those parishes, should 
 respectively make choice of ten poor persons, that is, five poor men and five poor 
 women of each parish, to be members of the College, and to be admitted by them into 
 the almshouses in London, and from thence to be admitted into the College as places 
 
382 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 should fall void. He directed the mode of choosing the poor brethren and sisters out 
 of those places by lot, and for making payments to the poor men or women drawing 
 blank lots, and he ordered to be paid to each of the chaunters a certain annual sum, 
 and a share of the surplus annual revenues, and to each of the thirty members so to 
 be appointed a weekly payment of sixpence, a gown once in two years, and a proportion 
 of the surplus annual revenue. 
 
 Edward Alleyn afterwards by his will dated 13th November, 1626, gave certain 
 specific bequests to the College, and directed his executors within two years after his 
 death, to build ten almshouses in the parish of Saint Botolph Without Bishopsgate, 
 for ten poor people of that parish to be members of the College, and likewise ten other 
 houses in Saint Saviour's parish, for other ten poor people to be likewise members of 
 the College, and having made a further memorandum dated 16th November, 1626, 
 whereby he confirmed two leases to the College, he died on the 26th December, in the 
 same year. 
 
 The Founder having by his statutes and ordinances, and by his will given directions, 
 which, if followed, would have altered the constitution, and the foundation of the 
 College, and the estates with which he had endowed the College, being as it would 
 appear insufficient for all the purposes he contemplated, and moreover, his assets being 
 insufficient to provide ground to build the almshouses which he had directed to be 
 built ; a bill in this Court was filed by the Eector, Churchwardens and Overseers, and 
 certain parishioners of the parish of St. Botolph, against the College, and the surviving 
 executor of the funds, praying for discovery and relief. 
 
 In their answer to this Bill, the Corporation alleged that the lands amortized to 
 the Corporation were not sufficient to bear the charge of the first foundation, and the 
 charges thereto incident which the Founder had omitted to provide for, so that the 
 latter addition of six Chaunters, and thirty almspeople of the three several parishes, 
 could not be maintained by the revenue, for which cause, and also for that the new 
 addition to the Corporation was not warrantable by law, they thought they were not 
 compellable by law or equity to part with any part of the College revenues for the 
 finding of six Chaunters, or the relief or maintenance of the thirty almsfolk, and the 
 surviving executor stated the assets he had received, the payments he had made, and 
 that he was content to charge himself with the remainder in his hands which was 
 £120, towards building the almshouses for the parish of St. Botolph ; he thought the 
 same sufficient, and had offered therewith, to build those almshouses if the parish 
 would provide the land; but the parish rather desired to have the money for the 
 benefit of the poor in some other charitable employment than to have the almshouses 
 built, unless the allowance for the maintenance of the poor according to the ordinances 
 could be had, and that could not be, for the reasons aforesaid, and he stated himself to 
 be ready to prove £120. was the utmost that the personal estate would produce for the 
 building of the almshouses required by the bill. 
 
 In this suit it was ordered by consent, that the Defendant, the executor, should 
 pay to the Plaintiffs, the sum of £120. on security to be given by the parish, that the 
 same should be duly employed, and it was further ordered, that if any new addition of 
 estate should come to the College or there should thereafter be an overplus of value in 
 the College revenues, that then the Defendants should be liable to apply such increase 
 to the additional charity of the Founder, as the Court should think fit to direct ; and 
 on payment of £120. to the parish, the executor was to be discharged of the bequest. 
 
 At a subsequent period, some disagreement having arisen among the Members' of 
 the College, the Visitor, Sheldon, Archbishop of Canterbury, by his orders dated the 
 
i84i.] THE ATTORNEY-GENERAL V. DULWICH COLLEGE. 383 
 
 16th July, 1664, ordered that the College should consist of one Master, one Warden, 
 four Fellows, six poor Brethren, six poor Sisters, twelve poor Scholars, and certain 
 Servants, all which persons were to be in-members dwelling within the CoUege, and 
 certain servants who were not to be entertained as in-members, but to be servants at 
 large, and moreover, that there should be, as the statutes ordained, six Assistants, and 
 thirty poor people IPensioners of the College, who were to be out-members ; and the 
 orders contained several regulations respecting the Master, Warden, and Fellows, the 
 Chapel, the School, the Estates, and the disposition of the revenues. The ordinances 
 were enforced by injunction of the same Archbishop, dated 9th October, 1667. At a 
 subsequent period, and in the month of December, 1724, Wake, then Archbishop of 
 Canterbury, made various orders respecting the School and other matters, and the 17th 
 order, after reciting it to be very clear that the Founder never had any power or 
 authority in law, to appoint any such assistants as was mentioned in the statutes, at 
 all, or to enlarge the number of Fellows beyond four, so that what was done by him in 
 that respect was contrary both to the Charter of incorporation, and the Deed of uses, 
 nevertheless, out of regard to what was done by him, and for other reasons in the order 
 mentioned, the Visitor, as far as it was competent to him, allowed that three Church- 
 wardens might continue to act as assistants, and have the usual allowance in proportion 
 out of the revenues belonging to the foundation. 
 
 It appears, that the Churchwardens were not satisfied with this injunction, and 
 instead of complying with it, threatened legal proceeding to compel the College to 
 admit them to act as they had before done, and this being communicated to the 
 Visitor, he made an order, dated 17th February, 1726, to the effect, that not being 
 willing to engage them in the trouble or charge of law, he left the College at liberty 
 notwithstanding the injunction, if they should think it more for the benefit of the 
 society, to admit the whole number of assistants to discharge the trust committed to 
 them by the statutes, and to receive the usual allowances for the same, though the 
 Visitor was still of opinion that the Founder did not intend that their number should 
 be so great as to equal, and in some cases to overbalance, the whole foundation, and 
 that he had no power to appoint any allowances to be made to them, any more than 
 to the Junior Fellows out of the revenues before settled to the College, and that, 
 therefore, what was done in pursuance of any such appointment, was done in manifest 
 diminution of the just rights and interests of the same. Sometime after the date of 
 this order, the Attorney General, at the relation of Samuel Higgs and others, filed an 
 information against the College and the Archbishop of Canterbury, stating that the 
 Churchwardens of the three parishes had been prevented from acting as assistants to 
 the members of the College, and praying, that they might be restored to the Office of 
 Assistants of the College, and the exercise and enjoyment of the powers given by the 
 statutes ; and on 4th April, 1728, Lord Chancellor King by his decree, declared that 
 the Founder could not by his ordinances and statutes of 29th September, 1626, add 
 any person to the Corporation, or make any new person a member of the body Cor- 
 porate, but that he could appoint Assistants to the Corporation; and he therefore 
 ordered, that the Churchwardens and their successors should be admitted to be 
 Assistants to the Corporation according to the ordinances, and be quieted in the 
 possession thereof. But the order was to be without prejudice to the Archbishop's 
 right of Visitation, or to any application to be made to him to correct, alter, or amend 
 any of the ordinances, or to any correction, alteration, or amendment that the Arch- 
 bishop might lawfully make or ordain. After this Decree, and by an order made by 
 the Archbishop, on 22nd January, 1729, it appears, that at that time both the College 
 
384 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 and the Churchwardens were desirous that the alleged obligation of the College to pay 
 the pensions to the Churchwardens for the use of the poor of their respective parishes 
 should be legally determined, and in order that the College might be at liberty to try 
 the question, as if the order of Archbishop Sheldon had not been then made, the then 
 Archbishop (Wake) suspended the said order, but the question was not tried, and the 
 order has not since been acted on. The non-payment of any pensions to the out- 
 members as they were called, appears to have been acquiesced in up to the time when 
 the Commissioners concerning Charities made their report, and in this report, they 
 suggest that the present members of the College are receiving a larger share of its 
 surplus annual income, than was given by the statutes, or intended by the Founder, 
 and submit to the Attorney General whether the opinion of a Court of Equity should 
 not be taken on the propriety of extending the Charity to such a degree, and in such 
 a manner as might be deemed most expedient. 
 
 The Information was filed by the Attorney General cx-officio, in the month of 
 June, 1836. It alleges, that the thirty members referred to in the ordinances, are 
 essential to the existence of the Corporation, and that their rights are not bound by 
 the decree of Lord IClng pronounced in the year 1728. Secondly, That the revenues 
 of the College have so greatly increased, and the share of each member so greatly 
 exceeds the benefits contemplated by the Founder, as to be inconsistent with the real 
 objects of the Founder's bounty, and that some alterations ought to be made either in 
 the maintenance to be afforded to the poor brethren and sisters or in the rules now in 
 force for their election. Thirdly, That not only are the shares of the members greater 
 than was intended by the Founder, but by reason of the shares provided by the 
 Founder for the six Chaunters, and the thirty members being with-held from them, 
 and divided among the other members of the College, such other members not only 
 receive more than they were intended to receive, but something which they were 
 expressly intended not to receive. And it is further charged, that the interest of the 
 twelve poor Scholars has been greatly neglected, and that large balances of the College 
 funds have occasionally been kept in hand by the Wardens, and that under such 
 circumstances, it has become necessary and expedient that proper directions for the 
 regulation of the College should be given by this Court. 
 
 The Defendants, the Master, Warden, Fellows, Brethren, Sisters, and Scholars of 
 the College, by their answer submit, that those parts of the statutes whereby Edward 
 AUeyn professes to appoint six Chaunters or junior Fellows, and thirty additional 
 members, and gave to such Chaunters and such thirty additional members, any portion 
 of the revenues of the College estates are void ; that the revenues of the estates are 
 duly appropriated for the benefit of the members of the College ; that if any regula- 
 tions are required, they ought to be made by the Visitor, and that the interference of 
 this Court is not necessary. 
 
 The principal points contended for on behalf of the Attorney General are : First 
 That by the Foundation a trust was created for charitable purposes beyond the' 
 maintenance of the College, and the object stated in the Charter. And secondly That 
 the interference and authority of this Court, are required for the establishment of such 
 internal regulations of the College as may best contribute to promote the Founder's 
 objects. As to the trust, it is argued, that the object of the Founder was not only to 
 establish and maintain the College, but also to promote and carry into effect other 
 charitable purposes by means of the College ; that a portion of the revenues was not 
 intended to be applied for the benefit of the members of the first foundation but for 
 the benefit of other objects of the testator's bounty, and that such portion of the 
 
1841.I THE ATTORNEY-GENERAL V. DVLWICH COLLEGE. 385 
 
 revenues ought, in execution of the trust, to he applied hy the Corporation for the 
 henefit of those other ohjects. 
 
 It is admitted in argument, that the Founder could not alter the foundation, or 
 engraft new members upon it ; but it is insisted upon, that there was a trust to 
 maintain the thirty persons who were intended to become members, or such poor 
 men and women who were not or could not be made members of the Corporation, and 
 that this Court ought to execute that trust, and approve of a scheme for that purpose. 
 
 If there be any such trust it ought to be executed here ; but the Letters Patent 
 authorized Edward Alleyn, for the maintenance of poor men and women and children, 
 to found a College to consist of certain specified and enumerated persons only, and it 
 is manifest that they were the poor men and women and the poor children to be 
 educated. The generality of the first expression is limited by the description and 
 enumeration which immediately follows. 
 
 Pursuant to the licence, the College consisting of the persons so described and 
 enumerated was established. The Corporate body thus established became entitled to 
 acq^uire property pursuant to the licence, and the Founder conveyed the lands men- 
 tioned in the licence to the sole and only use of the Master, Warden, four Fellows, six 
 poor Brethrei;, six poor Sisters, and twelve poor Scholars and their successors, and to 
 and for no other intent and purpose whatsoever ; and I am of opinion, that the College 
 being thus established and endowed pursuant to the licence, the Founder was not 
 entitled, by statutes purporting to be made under a licence or by his will, to make any 
 alteration in the constitution of the College, or to divert the revenues of the estates 
 with which he had endowed the College, to any other purposes whatsoever. 
 
 The lands were conveyed to the use of the College, and it was not competent to 
 the Founder afterwards to subject the same lands to any trust for other persons or 
 purposes. The object of the foundation was to maintain, educate, and govern the 
 specified and enumerated members of the College, according to such ordinances as 
 should be made. The endowment was for the sole use of the same members, and the 
 ordinances purporting to direct the application of any part of the revenues to other 
 purposes were invalid. After the endowment, the Foimder was no longer owner of 
 the property, no longer at liberty to change his intention. Having devoted the pro- 
 perty to one purpose, the wish which he seems to have entertained when he made the 
 statutes and his will, could not be accomplished by means of the same property, and 
 the Attorney General or the Churchwardens of the parishes cannot successfully allege, 
 that the College, or the members of the College, have something which they were not 
 intended to have, because they were entitled under the endowment to something which 
 the Founder afterwards, and when it was too late, desired but had not the power to 
 take from them. I am of opinion that no trust was created, either for the persons 
 whom the Founder desired to make members, or for the purpose of general charity. 
 What was given by the endowment was given for the use of the College, and for no 
 other purpose ; and except for the support of the members of the College according to 
 the regulations, and for the education of the scholars who were also members of the 
 College, no specific duties were imposed on the members of the Corporation. If 
 additional property had been given to the College by the testator's will, or in any 
 other manner, the question whether such additional property was accepted, or made 
 subject to any particular trust would have arisen, but it does not appear that the 
 College received any thing otherwise than through the Deed of Endowment. 
 
 The other question in this cause is, whether there is any such abuse in the internal 
 regulations of the College, or in the distribution or application of its revenues, as to 
 
 VOL. I. ^ C 
 

 
 86 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 make it necessary or proper for this Court to interfere ; and I am of opinion that there 
 is not. There is a special Visitor appointed by the Founder, and looking at the 
 several charges contained in the Information it does not appear to me there is any 
 thing complained of which may not, even if the complaiut be well founded, be 
 regulated by the Visitor, who does not refuse to act for himself, although he is willing 
 to concur in all necessary proceedings for introducing such regulations as this Court 
 might direct. 
 
 At the hearing of the Information a question was raised, whether, having regard 
 to the nature of the case, the alleged ground of complaint, and the relief asked, the 
 Attorney General had authority to sue in the form here adopted. It is unnecessary 
 for me to give any opinion on that question, because as it appears to me that there is 
 no trust to execute in this Court, and no occasion to resort to this Court for internal 
 regulation of the charity, this Information, independent of the question of authority, 
 must be dismissed. 
 
 On the 1st August 1841 the Society at their Private Sittings resolved 
 as follows : — 
 
 The information filed against the College in the name of the Attorney General by 
 order of the Commissioners of Charities and to which his Grace the Archbishop of 
 Canterbury as Visitor was made party, having been dismissed by the Master of the 
 Eolls, the College are desirous that his Grace should not be subjected to expence in a 
 matter solely relating to the College, and Order that the Visitor's expences be paid 
 out of the College Funds, and that M' Druce do apply to his Grace's Solicitors for their 
 Bill of Costs in the suit in order that the same may be discharged. 
 
 And on the 10th September they showed their appreciation of the 
 services of Mr. Druce as follows : — 
 
 Ordered that a piece of plate be presented on the part of the College to Charles 
 Druce Esq^ in testimony of their gratitude and regard for his long and invaluable 
 services as their steward and solicitor, and that the master be authorized to apply to 
 M'. Garrard, Silversmith for a suitable design, and to conclude with him on the part of 
 the College. 
 
 Although Lord Langdale had given judgment so entirely in favour of 
 the College, he was not altogether satisfied \vith the system of education 
 which it pursued with regard to the poor scholars, and he privately 
 imparted his views to the Master. As a result, the College resolved to 
 establish a Grammar School, and on the 24th September 1841 the following 
 resolution was passed at Private Sittings : — 
 
 Ordered that M' Barry's design for the school proposed to be erected at the corner 
 of the Boys' play ground, be adopted. And that M' Stokes' tender (made through M' 
 Barry) of building the aforesaid school according to M' Barry's design be accepted 
 The said tender being to build the proposed school according to M^'fiarry's desio^n" 
 including fittings, and everything that is necessary to render the buildinc^ complete 
 and fit for occupation for the sum of £900, the expence of the Fence being alone 
 excepted. 
 
1842.] ELECTION OF WARDEN. 387 
 
 Mr. Jefiiys Thomas Allen, the "Warden, died on the 27th December 
 1841, having been incapacitated for more than six years, during which 
 time the duties of the office had been performed by Sub- Wardens. On the 
 17th January 1842 Mr. George John Allen was elected Warden in his stead. 
 
 A complete list and description of the candidates on this occasion has 
 been preserved, and is as follows : — 
 
 1. Edmimd AUen, Indigo Broker, Heme Hill. 
 
 2. George John Allen, Barristex at Law and oldest son of the Bishop of Ely. 
 
 3. Thomas Allen, Barrister at Law, Bahol Coll. Oxon, and son of James Allen, Esq. 
 
 4. Henry George AUen, Barrister at Law, Christchurch, Oxon, and son of John 
 
 Allen, Esq. 
 
 5. Godfrey Allen, no profession or trade, and son of the Eev* Stephen Allen, 
 
 Eector of WooUerton, ISTorfolk. 
 
 6. William Ferneley Allen, son of M' Allen, Leadenhall S', Bookseller to East 
 
 India Comp^, in his Father's business. 
 
 7. Benjamin Tiithill Allen, Solicitor from Burnham, Somerset. 
 
 8. Joseph Lowe Alleyne, Undergraduate of Magdalen Coll. Cambridge, in his 
 
 second year. 
 
 9. Charles Alien, Undergraduate of Brazenose Coll. Oxford, in his second year. 
 
 10. Hans Wallace Allen, Civil Engineer, Cheltenham, and son of Col. AUen in the 
 
 ArtUlery. 
 
 11. Joseph EntisiU Allen, Student under the Church Missionary Society. 
 
 12. Eev* Stephen AUen, Sevenoaks, Kent, brother to candidate No. 5. 
 
 13. Capt" Peter Allen, Bengal Service. 
 
 Mr. Joseph AUeyn, a coachmaker near the One Swan Yard, Bishops- 
 gate, also claimed the Wardenship by right of Founder's kin and name, but 
 did not appear. 
 
 On this occasion all the voters, except the churchwardens of St. 
 Saviour's, who supported George John Allen and Edmund Allen, voted for 
 George John Allen and Joseph Lowe Alleyne, and these latter drawing 
 lots, George John Allen was elected. 
 
 The minute of his accession to office in the election book is as follows : — 
 
 6 february 1842. 
 Whereas George John AUen Esq' was on the seventeenth day of January last duly 
 elected Warden in the place of Jeffiys Thomas Allen late Warden who departed this 
 life on the 27"' day of December last. And he the said George John AUen hath 
 executed his Bond to the College in the sum of £8000 for the due Execution of his 
 office. And hath also deUvered to the CoUege the Bonds of Four Sureties, each in the 
 sum of £2000 viz' 
 
 The Lord Bishop of Ely (his Father), 
 
 The Lord Bishop of Lichfield, 
 
 The Eev* John Ashley, Canon of Ely and Eector of Wenham, Suffolk, and 
 
 The Eev* Thomas Ashley, Eector of Great Shefford, Berks, 
 
 which several Securities were approved by the Master and Fellows of the CoUege. 
 
388 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 Now the said George John Allen this day attended and took the Oath as Warden 
 expressed in the statutes which was ministered to him in the Body of the Chapel by 
 the Eev* Charles Howes, the Senior Fellow in the presence of the Corporation, after 
 having attended Morning Prayers and received the holy Sacrament of the Lord's 
 Supper, And was admitted by the Master and Fellows present and conducted to his 
 Seat in the Chapel and his Lodgings in the College, and he took upon himself the 
 office of Warden. 
 
 Consequent upon the new Wardenship, the following was entered in the 
 Private Sittings book on the 4th March 1842 : — 
 
 Whereas in the College account settled at the audit on the 4"" inst. The warden 
 stands charged with a Balance of Cash as being in his hands belonging to the College 
 amounting to £5612. 15s. Od. ISTow it is hereby acknowledged by the Master, Warden 
 and Fellows of the College, That £953. os. 6d. part of that sum (along with £100 out 
 of the Treasury Chest) has been invested in the Purchase of £1700 Consolidated £3 
 pr cent Bank annuities. That £1540 other part of that sum has been invested in the 
 purchase of £2000 £3. 10s. pr cent Bank annuities of the year 1818, and that £1194. 
 7s. 6d. other part of that sum has been invested in the purchase of £1800 Stock in the 
 Consohdated £3 pr cent Bank annuities, which three several sums of stock are hereby 
 directed to be transferred into the names of John Allen, Master, George John Allen 
 Warden, The Kev* Charles Howes and the Eev'' John Vane, the two senior Fellows of 
 the College. Also that the sum of £892. 10s. further part of the said Balance of 
 Cash has been recently invested in the last mentioned names in the purchase of £1000 
 stock in the Consolidated £3 pr cent Bank annuities : Which Four several sums 
 of Cash so invested viz' £953. 5s. 6d. ; £1540 ; £1194. 7s. 6d. ; and £892. 10s. ; make 
 together £4580. 3s. Od. : and constitute part of the Balance with which the Warden 
 stands charged as cash as before stated. Now it is hereby declared, that the Warden 
 is not personally responsible for the above Four several sums of Cash, amounting to 
 £4580. 3s. Od. as aforesaid, although included in the Sum which he stands charged 
 with, as being in his hands, nominally, and for the purpose of keeping the accounts 
 of the College in the accustomed way. The total stock now consists of £4000 
 Consolidated £3 per cent annuities, and £2000 £3. 10s. pr cent of the year 1818. 
 
 On the 11th March 1842 it was resolved, 
 
 That the donation to the Poor Scholars at the termination of their apprenticeships, 
 who have conducted themselves to the satisfaction of the College during that period 
 be raised from Thirty five to Forty Pounds, making with the sum allotted to them for 
 their apprenticeship. One hundred and sixty Pounds to each of them after they have 
 quitted the College being one fourth of the present yearly income of the Master, 
 which appears to have been the portion usually given to the poor scholars who were 
 bound apprentices, before the institution of a Dividend. ' 
 
 In this year certain inhabitants of Heme Hill and its neighbourhood 
 desired to erect a church, and Mrs. Simpson offered as a site a portion ot 
 a field which she held on lease from the College, fifty-five years of the term 
 being unexpired Finding, however, that they could obtain no assistance 
 from the Church Commissioners unless the church was built upon free- 
 
1 843-] CHURCH ON HERNE HILL. 389 
 
 hold ground, they asked the College to make a gift of the reversionary 
 interest in the land required, alleging that power was given so to do under 
 the Church Building Act. 
 
 The College, on the 11th March 1842, cheerfully assented, "Provided 
 " the external plan and elevation of the Building to be erected are sub- 
 " mitted to them, and meet with their approbation, and Provided the future 
 " nomination of minister for the said church be placed in hands that 
 " appear to them satisfactory." 
 
 To this the committee for building the church formally replied, stating 
 that they were desirous of building a church under the provisions of the 
 59th George III. s. 34, and requesting that the land might at once be con- 
 veyed to Her Majesty's Commissioners for building churches. 
 
 The College, however, wrote that, when considering the request of the 
 committee for the grant of the land, it did not contemplate the possi- 
 bility of the repairs of the church falling on lands belonging to the estate, 
 which it was apprehended would be the case if the church were built under 
 the Act mentioned, and suggested that the committee should reconsider 
 their plan, and, in order to obviate the difficulty, put the church in the 
 hands of trustees. 
 
 Further negotiations ensued, and in the result the district to be 
 assigned to the new church was settled and agreed upon, when the follow- 
 ing letter was addressed by the Bishop of Winchester to the Building 
 
 Committee : — 
 
 S' James Square, March 14. 1843. 
 Dear Sirs, I request you will acquaint M' Druce for the information of the 
 Master, Warden and Fellows of Dulwich CoUege that the Church Commissioners 
 approve of the District as proposed for the intended Church at Heme HiU, and that 
 on the consecration of the Church they wiU assign such district, as defined by the 
 Plans submitted to the College by the Committee, and the boundaries of which have 
 been described in words, and approved by the several parties interested. I have been 
 authorized by the Church Commissioners to make this communication on their part 
 to the College. 
 
 I am, dear Sirs, your very faithful Servant 
 
 C. "VVlNTON. 
 
 Upon this it was resolved, on the 16th March 1843, that the piece of 
 o-round adjoining Heme Hill be now given and granted to Her Majesty's 
 Commissioners for building additional churches, whenever they shall apply 
 
 for the same. 
 
 On the 6th May 1842 the churchwardens of St. Luke's memorialized 
 the College, asking them to repair the almshouses founded by Edward 
 Alley n in that parish, and it was resolved " that an answer be made on the 
 " part of the College declining to uphold or contribute to the repair of the 
 " Alms Houses." 
 
390 HISTOR Y OF nUL WICH COLLEGE. [a. d. 
 
 A similar request from the clmrcliwardens of St. Saviour's was made on 
 the 4th March 1843, a representation being forwarded to the College 
 showing that certain of the inhabitants, " finding that the Alms Houses of 
 " the late Edward AUeyn Esq'', in the Soap yard of this Parish wherein the 
 " Poor Men and Women reside who are elected for candidates for admission 
 " into Dulwich College as vacancies occur, are in a very dilapidated state 
 " ' and scarcely weather proof : ' and commiserating the condition of such 
 " poor men and women," were willing to subscribe certain sums for the 
 purpose of taking down, raising the foundation of, and rebuilding the said 
 houses; and it was agreed that the CoUege do subscribe the sum of £100 
 as a gift towards the charitable purposes therein mentioned. 
 
 The College Grammar School, the building of which has been already 
 mentioned, was opened on the 1st September 1842 ; and Mr. Edward 
 Baber, of University College, Durham, was appointed Master at a salary of 
 £150 per annum, and £50 additional to be granted for an assistant when 
 necessary, Mr. Baber having the use of the apartments in the old school- 
 house, which were put in repair for his convenience. The fees from the 
 scholars were also appropriated to him. 
 
 Mr. John Allen,* the Master, attended the Private Sittings for the last 
 time on the 19th March 1843. He died on the 10th April succeeding, 
 having been a member of the College nearly thirty-three years, — nine as 
 "Warden, and the remainder as Master. 
 
 The following was inserted in the election book under date 11th April 
 1843 :— 
 
 Whereas John Allen Esq the late Master of this CoUege departed this life on the 
 10'" instant. Whereupon George John Allen Esq' the late Warden took upon himself 
 to be Master without delay, and did this day take the Oath as Master expressed in 
 the Statutes which was ministered unto him by the Eev* Charles Howes the Senior 
 FeUow, in the Chapel of the College in the presence of the Corporation after Morning 
 Prayer, and was admitted by the Fellows present to the place of Master of the said 
 College. 
 
 * A notice of his life and works is given in Volume II. 
 
i843-] [ 391 ] 
 
 CHAPTER XIV. 
 
 HISTORY OP THE COLLEGE, 1843-1852. 
 
 The Wardenship being vacant by the accession of George John Allen to the 
 office of Master, an election was held on the 1st May 1843, when John Gay 
 Newton AUeyne drew God's Gift, and became Warden.* 
 
 He was formally admitted on the 4th June 1843, as appears by the 
 following entry in the election book : — 
 
 Whereas John Gay Ifewton AUeyne Esq'°. was on the first day of May last duly 
 elected Warden of this College in the place of George John AUen Esq^ late Warden 
 who on the 11'" day of April last was admitted to the place of Master, whereby the 
 of&ce of Warden had become Vacant, And the said John Gay Newton AUeyne hath 
 executed a Bond to the said College in the sum of £8000 for the due execution of his 
 Office: And hath also dehvered to the College the Bonds of four Sureties duly 
 executed each in the sum of £2000 viz' 
 
 Sir Henry Fitzherbert, Bart of Tlssington Hall, Derbyshire, 
 
 David Hall of Park Crescent, Portland Place, Esq. 
 
 Eenn Hampden of Marlow, Bucks, Esq. and 
 
 Hampden Clement of Snareston Lodge, Leicestershire, Esq. 
 
 which several Securities were approved by the Master and Fellows of the College. 
 
 Now the said John Gay Newton AUeyne this day attended and took the Oath as 
 Warden expressed in the statutes which was ministered unto him in the Body of the 
 Chapel by the Eeverend Charles Howes the Senior Fellow in the presence of the 
 Corporation after having attended Morning Prayers and received the holy Sacrament 
 of the Lord's Supper, And was admitted by the Master and FeUows present, and 
 conducted to his Seat in the Chapel and his Lodgings in the College. And he took 
 upon himself the office of Warden. 
 
 On the 10th April 1843, Henry Carvell was engaged on the recom- 
 mendation of Dr. Kay Shuttleworth as assistant in the Dulwich College 
 Grammar School, with a salary of £50 per annum, to be paid by the Warden 
 quarterly. 
 
 Mr. John Allen, the late Master, bequeathed some of his books to the 
 College, and on receipt of them the following resolution Avas passed on the 
 12th May 1843 :— 
 
 Havinc received from his executors the Books left by the late Master John AUen 
 
 * A description of this election rail be found in Cliapter XVI. 
 
392 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 Esq'., resolved, that the Master ia the name of the College acknowledge the same, and 
 express the high value they set upon this gratifying memorial of his regard, and also 
 that a separate case be allotted to them in the College Library, each volume being 
 inscribed with his name,* and date of the bequest. 
 
 The friends of Mr. Allen also presented his portrait to the College, and 
 the following minute was thereupon made on the 11th September 1843 : — 
 
 Eesolved : That the Master in the name of the College be desired to forward their 
 best thanks to Colonel Fox for the handsome donation of the Portrait of their late 
 Master John Allen Esquire, and to signify that they have the greatest pleasure in 
 receiving this very acceptable remembrance of one who for so long a period executed 
 most ably and faithfully the duties of his Office and endeared himself to every member 
 of the Society. 
 
 On the 23rd October 1843, a complaint made by Dr. Webster against 
 Mr. Baber, the master of the Grammar School, was thus adjudicated 
 upon : — 
 
 A formal complaint having been made by D' "Webster against M' Baber for having 
 grievously beaten his son James, and as the boy's back was seen by the Warden, 
 M' Chafy and M' Palmer, who all agree that the punishment was excessive, and such 
 as should not have been inflicted under any circumstances, we after investigating the 
 matter fully, are of opinion that, whatever might have been the provocation given by 
 the boy (which seems to have been great owing to his insubordination and subsequent 
 insolence), M' Baber was not justified as School Master in adopting treatment so 
 violent ; and considering his conduct on the occasion to be highly reprehensible, we 
 determine, that M"' Baber be reprimanded accordingly. 
 
 Mr. Baber does not appear to have acquiesced in this conclusion ; and 
 five days later, on the 28th October, it was resolved " that the Master inform 
 " M'' Baber his services in the Dulwich College Grammar School wiU not 
 " be required after the quarter ending 29*'' of february 1844." Mr, Baber 
 applied subsequently to be reinstated, but his request was refused on 
 the 22nd December; and on the 16th February 1844 Mr. Baker Monk 
 was appointed master of the Grammar School with the same emolument 
 as had been enjoyed by Mr. Baber, and Mr. William Joseph Harris was 
 engaged on the 11th May as assistant master. 
 
 In 1841, some of the persons who had been poor scholars of the CoUeo-e 
 formed themselves into a society called the " Dulwich CoUeo-e School 
 " Association." At first this association was patronized by the College, the 
 offices of treasurer, president, and vice-president being held by some of 
 the Fellows. The object of the founders seems to have been chiefly to find 
 suitable masters for the poor scholars leaving the school as apprentices, and 
 in some degree to exercise a supervision over them afterwards ; but the 
 
 * This resohition was not fully carried out. 
 
1844.] THE DULWICH COLLEGE SCHOOL ASSOCIATION. 393 
 
 association speedily began to complain of the system of education pursued 
 by the College authorities, as well as of other matters connected with the 
 institution. 
 
 The report of the committee of this association, presented at the annual 
 meeting held on the 7th August 1844, begins by expressing satisfaction 
 at the fact that through the instrumentality of the association and the 
 co-operation of the College, a boy named King had been removed from the 
 situation he was in, and placed iii a more satisfactory one. 
 
 It proceeds to state that an investigation into the position of the boys 
 then serving their apprenticeships proved that the education they had received 
 was very insufficient, and that they had memorialized the College there- 
 upon, recommending '* such measures as in their opinion would, if carried 
 " out, eventually tend to improve the condition of its rising members ; " 
 which memorial, however, had met with a very unfavourable reception. 
 
 They proceed to regret — 1°. " That hitherto no step had been taken by 
 " the College to remove the Tombstone of the Venerable Founder of the 
 " College from its present disgraceful position viz' in the skittle ground of 
 " the Half Moon Public House." * 
 
 2°. That the College had refused to allow the'association to give rewards 
 to the boys then at the College. 
 
 3". That the College had refused the place of butler to one of their 
 members ; and finally they " assure the association that much good has 
 " resulted through the instrumentality of the Society in addition to what 
 " has been already detailed," and they " feel most sanguine, seeing that our 
 " ship is well manned, that though she may have to contend occasionally 
 " with storms and tempests she wUl by pursuing a steady course ultimately 
 " reach the desired haven." 
 
 It will be seen from this report, as well as from the following letter, that 
 at this time the relations between the College and the association were not 
 so cordial as they had been at the commencement of its career. On the 
 back of one of the letters from the association is the draft of a letter from 
 the Master, accepting on his own behalf and on that of the Fellows the 
 invitation of the association to its annual dinner ; but from the tenor of the 
 second report in 1845 there is reason to suppose that it was either not sent, 
 or, if sent, not acted upon. 
 
 Chapter Coffee House, July 17, 1844. 
 To the Master, Warden and Pellows of Dulwich College. 
 
 Gentlemen, 
 
 I am desired by the Dulwich College School Association to express their deep 
 reoret that it should be the intention of the Gentlemen of the College to absent them- 
 sefves from the next Anniversary of the Association. 
 
 * Thifi was recovered Fome years later. 
 VOL. I. -^ ^ 
 
394 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 I am further desired to state, that believing the cause of such intentions to be the 
 communications which have passed between the Association and the Gentlemen of the 
 College, they cannot but feel grieved that those communications should have been 
 viewed in any other light than that which it was intended to have conveyed. 
 
 The Association beg to assure the Gentlemen of the College that their intention 
 was in no way to give offence, but a great anxiety to promote the welfare of the rising 
 members. 
 
 Trusting you will believe such was their sole intention, they hope you will re- 
 consider their invitation, and that you will honor them with your company. 
 The favor of an early reply will oblige 
 
 I Eemain Gentlemen, your obed' Servant 
 
 James Phillips, Hon. Sec. 
 
 In the second report of the association, issued on the 6th August 1845, 
 after expressing regret for the deaths of three of the members, the com- 
 mittee deplore the fact that so many of their junior members are in poor 
 circumstances, and instance especially the case of one member, a tinman, 
 whose poverty they attribute " not only to the description of his trade, but 
 " also to his master's standing in that trade." 
 
 " They feel convinced that if one of the Gentlemen of the College who 
 " had been instrumental in apprenticing him had called to make enquiry 
 " prior to the boy being bound, they never would have placed him in this 
 " situation where nothing but discomfort and misery awaited him." 
 
 They further complain that during the whole of his apprenticeship, no 
 one from the College ever visited the boy; they acknowledge, however, 
 that the College had lately given him some pecuniary assistance. 
 
 They then state that they had continued their efforts to improve the 
 education given at Dulwich College, which education they consider as very 
 deficient, regretting that they have not been allowed to consult with the 
 authorities on the subject ; and finally add that they "would not complain 
 " of the education if the boys of Dulwich College were as proficient even as 
 " those of the National Schools of Ireland." They then quote largely 
 from the report of Kildare Place National School, Dublin, to show the 
 superior attainments of the boys educated there. 
 
 In 1845 Mr. Robertson was elected master of the College Grammar 
 School in the room of Mr. Baker Monk, but the precise date is not stated. 
 
 In 1845 also, Mr. Charles Druce, who had been steward and solicitor of 
 the College for nearly sixty years, died, aged 83. His family presented to 
 the College his portrait by H. P. Briggs, R.A., and Britten's Architectural 
 Antiquities for the College library. He was succeeded by his son, likewise 
 Mr, Charles Druce, who remained steward and solicitor until the dissolution 
 of the Corporation, and was then appointed receiver by the Governors 
 under the Act of 1857. 
 
 In 1847 the subject of the education afforded to the poor scholars again 
 
i8so.] THE ARCHBISHOP INVITES A SCHEME OF REFORM. 395 
 
 came up, and Messrs. Luke Embleton and Eobert Downs, churchwardens of 
 St. Saviour's, Southwark, memorialized the Archbishop of Canterbury on 
 the subject. The Archbishop, however, dying on the 11th February 1848, 
 the matter thereby lapsed for a time. He was succeeded on the 17th 
 February 1848 by Dr. John Bird Sumner, Bishop of Chester. 
 
 The master of the Grammar School, Mr. Eobertson, retired at Easter 
 1848, when the Rev. B. G. Johns was elected to succeed him, "subject to 
 " the regulations which the College thinks fit to make with regard to the 
 " payments from the scholars." , 
 
 The memorial of the churchwardens of St. Saviour's, presented in 1847 
 to Archbishop Howley, was taken into consideration by his successor 
 about the month of July 1849, and on the 2nd of that month Mr. Druce 
 was instructed to "employ" Mr. George Turner, Q.C., if he was able to 
 attend, together with Mr. Dickinson, who had settled the pleadings, and 
 another counsel not named, on bebalf of the College. 
 
 On the 17th July 1850, the Master received the following letter from 
 the Archbishop : — 
 
 Addington. 
 Dear Sir 
 
 I enclose herewith the opinion of M' Justice Patteson and Sir John Dodson as to 
 the alterations desirable in the management of the School and the portion assigned to 
 the poor scholars; 
 
 Being in possession of this, you will he able to draw out a scheme for the school in 
 compliance with their views and compatibly with the present state of things. I think 
 that you will do this better than I shall, being more completely in possession of the 
 facts, and shall be obliged by your submitting such a scheme to me that I may take it 
 into consideration. I remain dear Sir, faithfully y" 
 
 J. B. Cantuae. 
 ^ The Master of Dulwich College, 
 
 The foUovsdng is the accompanjdng Paper : — 
 
 The principal alterations which in the opinion of my assessors ought to be made in 
 the management of Dulwich College relate to the school. 
 
 It was clearly the design of the Founder that the 12 poor scholars should receive 
 such instruction as would fit them according to their respective capacities to be placed 
 as apprentices, or to be sent to the Universities for the completion of a learned 
 education. 
 
 This intention of the Founder should as nearly as practicable under the altered 
 circumstance of the times be carried into effect, and may be best accomplished by 
 affording the same instruction in reading and writing, in accounts and Latin Grammar 
 to all the children until they arrive at the age of 12 years or thereabouts, when a 
 selection might be made of those best adapted for a learned profession; who might 
 proceed to a classical and mathematical education and be permitted to remain in the 
 school to the age of 18, and then placed at the University with a proper annual 
 Pension for the space of 4 years: so as to enable them to graduate and become 
 members of a learned Profession. 
 
396 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 The Boys not selected for the University should be .apprenticed at the age of 14, 
 having first received such instruction as would be useful to them in their employments. 
 
 A due proportion of the unappropriated surplus revenue ought not to be divided, 
 as liitherto, among the Master, Warden, Fellows, &c. only, but reserved for the benefit of 
 the Poor scholars and for their preferment at their departure from the College. 
 
 The Private Sitting books do not contain any reference to this letter, 
 which is quoted from the original. Indeed, there is no record of any meet- 
 ing having been held between the 12th July and the 11th October 1850. 
 On the former day it is noted that the Archbishop had written to the 
 AVarden on the 8th July, requesting a statement " of the present state and 
 " revenues of the College," and that the answer and report of the Warden 
 was read, agreed to, and ordered to be forthwith forwarded to the Arch- 
 bishop. 
 
 As it is hardly possible that a matter of such importance as the framing 
 of a new scheme involving a rearrangement of the method of distributing 
 the revenues of the College should not have been recorded, it is probable 
 that the Society declined to formulate any scheme. 
 
 On the 10th of March 1851, the Warden, Mr. John Gay Newton 
 AUeyne,* resigned his office, and on the 31st of March an election was held 
 for the choice of his successor. 
 
 This was the last election of a Warden, and deserves particular notice, 
 not only on that account, but because it led to litigation. 
 
 As it will have been seen, the College at all or very nearly all preceding 
 elections of Warden, carried their two candidates, the assistants either 
 voting with the Master and Fellows, or splitting their votes, or occasionally, 
 by the abstention of one of their number, placing the Society on an equal 
 footing with them in regard to numbers. But on this occasion the assistants 
 voted "solid" for a candidate of their own, and being six to five, elected 
 him to draw lots. It has been stated (Blanch's History of Camherwell, p. 
 449) that the churchwardens proposed to the Society that they should 
 nominate one candidate and the College another, and that these two should 
 draw lots ; but there is no written record of any authority for this state- 
 ment, although the result of the election shows that the assistants voted so 
 as to carry out such a scheme. 
 
 The practice was to place the names of the two candidates favoured by 
 the College first on the voting paper, and on this occasion the names of 
 those so placed were John Hensleigh Allen and Thomas Walford Allen ; 
 but among the sixteen competitors was Eichard William Allen, the 
 favourite of the assistants, who unanimously voted for John Hensleigh 
 Allen and the said Richard William Allen. The College, with equal 
 unanimity, voted for John Hensleigh Allen and Thomas Walford Allen 
 
 * Now Sir J. Q. N. Allcyne, Baronet. 
 
i8si.] RICHARD WILLIAM ALLEN AND THE COLLEGE. 397 
 
 the consequence being that John Hendeigh Allen had eleven votes, 
 Thomas Walford Allen five votes, and Richard William Allen six votes. 
 The Master, apparently not contemplating at the time any resistance to the 
 right of the assistants to vote, submitted John Hensleigh Allen and Richard 
 William Allen to the ordeal of the lot, and the latter drawing " God's Gift," 
 declared Richard William Allen duly elected. 
 
 Before, however, the new Warden presented himself to be sworn in, the 
 Master and Fellows, no doubt in view of the strong expressions in the 
 judgment of Lord Langdale in their favour in 1841 (see pp. 380-86), took 
 counsel's opinion, and it is recorded on the 16th April 1851 that " The 
 " opinion of the Attorney General and M"" Cowling was taken as to the 
 " right of the Assistants to vote in the election of a Warden of this 
 " College." 
 
 The meaning of this entry is evidently that the opinions had been 
 previously taken, and found to be adverse to the rights of the assistants, 
 for on the next day, the 17th April, the following entry is made : — 
 
 M"" Ilicliard William Allen attended at the College this day and tendered the 
 Bonds of himself in the sum of £8000 and four Securities in the sum of £2000 each 
 i'or the due execution of the office of warden of this College to which he claims to 
 have been elected on the 31" of March last. 
 
 Eesolved : That the Master and Fellows of this College being advised that the 
 election of M' Eichard William Allen to the office of Warden is invahd, refuse to 
 accept the securities so tendered. 
 
 M' Eichard William Allen then demanded to be sworn according to the Statutes 
 and admitted to the said office of Warden. 
 
 Eesolved : that having declined to accept the securities tendered on account of the 
 invalidity of the election, the Master and Fellows cannot swear in M' Eichard Wilham 
 Allen, or admit him to the office of Warden of this College. 
 
 George John Allen 
 C. Howes 
 W. Fellowes 
 W. L. Chafy 
 
 E. A. GiRAUD. 
 
 Upon this Mr. Richard William Allen applied to the Court of Queen's 
 Bench for a mandamus to compel the Master and Fellows to admit him. 
 The case, which was heard on the 17th November 1851, is thus reported 
 in 17 Adolphus & Ellis :— 
 
 The writ set out the history of the College and recited all the statutes bearing on 
 the rights of the assistants and the elections of wardens, detailed the proceedings at 
 the election on the 31" March 1851, when Eichard William Allen drew the God's 
 Gift lot, stated that he was and always had been ready to perform all acts necessary 
 to his admission, and commanded the defendants to admit him into the place or office 
 of warden, and do all fit and proper acts for this purpose, or shew cause to the 
 contrary. 
 
398 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 The return to the writ also set out the proceedings at the election as stated, up to 
 the passing of the candidates by the voices of the electors. It then stated that " John 
 " Hensleigh Allen and Thomas Walford Allen were the two persons who then and 
 " there had the voices of the said master and fellows, and that the said Eichard 
 " William Allen, in the said writ mentioned, then and there had no voice of the said 
 " master and fellows, or any of them, but had the voices of the said assistants, and 
 " each of them, by reason of a supposed right in the said assistants to vote at the said 
 " election, and no other voice or voices : whereas no such right in the said assistants 
 " was given in or by the said statutes : and the said Eichard William Allen was then 
 " and there elected Warden by reason and in consequence of the said voices of the 
 " said assistants so given as aforesaid and not otherwise : which is the said supposed 
 " election of the said Eichard William Allen in the said writ mentioned : and so by 
 " reason of the premises the said Eichard William Allen did not nor could become, 
 " nor was, duly elected to the said ofBce or place of warden so vacant as aforesaid." 
 
 The question was therefore, simply, vv^hether the assistants had or had 
 not a right to vote at the election, and it was so argued by Sir Fitzroy 
 Kelly for the Crown, and Sir Frederick Thesiger for the College, Mr. 
 Greenwood, who appeared for the assistants, not addressing the Court. 
 On the 19th November 1851, judgment was delivered by Lord Campbell, 
 Chief Justice ; Mr. Justice Patteson, and Mr. Justice Coleridge. Mr. 
 Justice Wightman, who was absent, concurring with Lord Campbell : — 
 
 Lord Campbell said : Our judgment must be for the Crown in this case. As to 
 the construction of the ordinances I entertain no doubt. The 15'" ordinance which 
 provides for the election of warden, classes the master, assistants and fellows together 
 in the category of those who are to " proceed to the election of a warden." It then 
 declares that the " elector " (which we must read " electors,") * " shall make the said 
 " election &c." It is true that the ordinance does not specify who those electors are : 
 but looking at the whole ordinance, I think it is clear that the word " electors " 
 refers to those who, according to the previous part of the ordinance, are to " proceed " 
 to the election : namely " the master, the assistants and fellows." But further the 
 20"" ordinance which provides for the contingency of a vacancy at the same time in 
 the offices of Master and Warden, declares that in such case " the senior fellow then 
 " present shall, within four and twenty hours, give notice thereof to the assistants to 
 " make speedy repair to the College within three days after, to join with the fellows 
 " in the election of a new master." Here the assistants have, by express words, a 
 voice with the fellows in the election. It was, however, contended that the 20"" 
 ordinance must be construed in connection with the others. But, looking at the 
 others,! can discover nothing to alter the effect of the 20'", or generally, to shew that 
 the assistants have not the right of voting at the election of the warden. It is said 
 that it was unlikely that the Founder should wish to give such a right to Church- 
 wardens, which the Assistants were. I do not see the force of that objection. 
 Churchwardens, at the time when the College was founded, were generally persons of 
 considerable local eminence, whose attendance was likely to be useful to the College : 
 and moreover, the Founder was born in one of the parishes from which the assistants 
 are to be chosen, and might wish, out of affection to that parish, to give one of its 
 
 * See page 67. 
 
i8si.] RICHARD WILLIAM ALLEN AND THE COLLEGE. 399 
 
 ofBcers an interest in the College. There is nothing in the language of the Oath 
 taken by the assistants to shew that they have not the right of voting. They swear 
 to the observance of the foundation and the ordinances : but the ordinances provide 
 for the election of master and of warden, and are certainly in favour of the assistants 
 having a voice. The oath of the fellows, who, it is admitted have the elective 
 franchise, is not substantially different. Eeference was made to the 41" ordinance, 
 which, it was contended, defined the rights and duties of the assistants. There it is 
 provided that they shall " be present " " when the master and warden shall be elected 
 " and sworn." This provision appears to me to confirm the construction of the 15'" 
 and 20'" ordinances which I have already adopted. It is difficult to see for what 
 purpose they were to be present at the admission and swearing in, unless they had 
 previously exercised a voice at the election. If there be any doubt as to the con- 
 struction of the ordinances (which I do not see that there is) the usage, which is set 
 out in the writ, and not traversed in the return, is very material, inasmuch as it is not 
 repugnant to or inconsistent with the ordinances, in which case it would go for little. 
 That usage is in favour of the right of the assistants to vote. 
 
 But it was contended that, assuming the Founder to have intended to give, by his 
 ordinances, the right of voting to the assistants, he had no power by law to make 
 ordinances to that effect : First because he was functus officio after having executed 
 the deed of endowment : Secondly because he could not give to parties who were not 
 members of the corporation the right of voting at the election to an office of the 
 corporation. As to the first point the charter grants to the Founder, among other 
 powers, the power to make statutes and ordinances. He exercised some of those 
 other powers in 1619 and 1620, by founding and endowing the CoUege : but he did 
 not exercise his power to make statutes and ordinances until six or seven years after. 
 He was not functus officio until he had exercised that power, which was one that the 
 Crown had a right to grant, and which he was not bound to exercise at once. As to 
 the second point, it is clear that the Founder, after founding the College, could not 
 alter its constitution as prescribed by the charter, which provides that it shall consist 
 of one master, one warden, and four fellows : stUl less could he alter it after having 
 made the ordinances. But though he could not alter the constitution of the corpora- 
 tion, he had a perfect right to make the necessary provisions for its maintenance and 
 preservation ; and no authority has been cited which shews that none but members 
 of a corporation can be invested with the power to nominate an officer of the corpora- 
 tion, or to join in his election. Eex v. Bird (13 East. 367) which was cited in support 
 of that doctrine, decides only that, where a corporation has been once fully established 
 and defined by law, the introduction, by the corporation, of another member is 
 contrary to law. In that decision I fully concur : but here the corporation had not 
 been fiUly established until the ordinances were made in 1626 ; no provision as to the 
 elections of officers had been made till then. There are many instances of members 
 of a corporation being elected by parties who are not members. There is no authority 
 to shew that the Crown cannot grant such a privilege ; and, if it can, it can grant to a 
 private person the power of conferring it. I do not think that there is any weight in 
 the argument founded upon stat: 33 H. 8 c. 27 ; the statute does not appear to me to 
 apply to the present case. The view which I take as to the power of the Founder to 
 give the assistants the right of voting is in accordance with that which was taken by 
 Lord King in 1728 as appears by the Attorney General v. Dulwich College (4 Beav. 
 261) where Lord King is said to have held that, although the Founder had no right in 
 his 2°^ Ordinance, to place the six chanters upon the same footing as the fellows. 
 
400 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 which was altering the constitution of the corporation, he had a right to appoint 
 assistants to the corporation, provided he did not make the assistants members. I 
 think, therefore, that with regard both to the meaning of the ordinances and the power 
 of the Founder to make them, we have the authority of Lord Chancellor King in favour 
 of the view contended for on behalf of the Crown. 
 
 Mr. Justice Patteson concurred for much the same reasons. The 
 judgment of Mr. Justice Coleridge was as follows : — 
 
 I am of the same opinion : but I have arrived at it with more hesitation than the 
 rest of the Court. The first question is : What has the Founder ordained ? The 
 second, If he has given the assistants the riglit of voting, had he power by law to do 
 so ? As to the first point the most important things to be looked to Eire the ordinances. 
 The language of the 15'" ordinance taken by itself, is not absolutely insusceptible of 
 an interpretation which would go against the existence of such right in the assistants, 
 but the fair inference is that the Founder meant the assistants to join in the votinfr ; 
 and, looking at the contemporaneous usage, the Court cannot but make that inference. 
 As regards the 2" ordinance if this question were res Integra, I agi-ee in thinking that 
 it would be extremely doubtful whether the six chanters and the assistants had not 
 the same rights. The more I examine that ordinance, the less I am satisfied that the 
 Founder meant to make the chanters corporators. The simple argument that he gives 
 the junior fellows votes does not go for much either way. But he declares that the 
 number of members is to be thirty: if the junior fellows are to be reckoned as 
 members, the number will be thirty six. It is not tlierefore consistent with his 
 declaration that the junior fellows should be members. The 7"" Ordinance is im- 
 portant as it is material to ascertain wliether the assistants are, by the Ordinances, to 
 have a voice in elections to other offices in the Corporation. Now the 7*" Ordinance 
 gives, in the first instance, the election to the corporation, out of qualified objects, and 
 then if there be no such objects, to the assistants. The 8"" Ordinance makes them 
 Assistants to the master and warden in " the governing " of the College : a very wide 
 and general form of expression. The 10"" Ordinance is also material : the provision is 
 similar to that made in the case of poor scholars : there is first a provision as to 
 the election of the poor brethren and sisters : and then if any of these poor brethren 
 or sisters marry, they are to be expelled by the assistants alone. I now come to the 
 15'" Ordinance providing for the election of warden. I think no one, looking at the 
 whole of that ordinance, can doubt that it intends to place all those who are to " be 
 " assembled " and " proceed " to the election, in the same category, and that the word 
 " elector " is meant to apply to all those persons, and not to any who are to be singled 
 out, to the exclusion of others. But if there were any doubt as to the meanin" of °the 
 15'" Ordinance, the language of the 20'" would remove it. "We should do violence to 
 the meaning of the words there used, if we construed them in any other way than as 
 giving the assistants the right of voting on the occasion there provided for • the pro- 
 ceedings on which it is provided by the same ordinance shall be the same as those at 
 the election of warden. The 24'" Ordinance is also important, as shewing that where 
 the assistants are not to take a part in the College proceedings they are expressly 
 excluded. If the matter rested there, there would seem to me to be no doubt at all 
 But there is some doubt raised by the 29'" Ordinance which prescribes the Oath to 'be 
 taken by the Assistants. It is said that there is a distinction between that and the 
 Oath of the fellows. That distinction is referable to the fact that the assi=<tants are 
 
1 8s I.] RICHARD WILLIAM ALLEN ADMITTED WARDEN. 401 
 
 not 11161111)613 of the corporation, but are merely to exercise a sort of inspection over 
 the members, and see that they observe the ordinances. The 41"' Ordinance appears 
 to have raised some doubt. The language there used, it is contended, implies that the 
 assistants are merely to be present at the election, not to take any active part in it. 
 If that were the meaning of the words, still they are not strong enough to weaken the 
 meaning of the language used in the preceding ordinances. But, if that be the mean- 
 ing, it would equally follow that they are also to be merely present at the audit : 
 ■whereas the 93'* Ordinance expressly provides that they are to take a part in it. 
 They may therefore consistently with the 41" Ordinance, take a part in the election. 
 I am of opinion, then, that coupling the fair construction of the Ordinances with the 
 contemporaneous usage, the only judicial conclusion at which I can arrive is that the 
 Founder intended to give the assistants the right of voting. 
 
 The next question is, whether he had power by law to do so. The first objection 
 raised is, that persons who are not members of a corporation cannot vote at elections 
 to offices in the corporation : the second is that the ordinances were made after the 
 power given by the charter had been exercised. This last objection may be disposed 
 of very shortly : for it is quite clear that where a charter creating a corporation gives 
 a power to make ordinances, those ordinances may and often must, be later than the 
 creation of the corporation. As to the first objection, the making ordinances in 
 pursuance of a power in the charter which creates the corporation is in effect the act 
 of the Crown : the real question therefore is whether the Crown has power, by the 
 terms of the incorporation, to give to persons not members of the Corporation the 
 right of voting at corporate elections. Eex v. Bird (13 East. 367) has already been 
 explained, and the case of Sutton's Hospital (10 Rep. la. 23a.) is a decisive authority 
 to shew that the Crown has such power. Where it delegates that power to an 
 individual he is the instrument of the Crown, and his act is the act of the Crown, as 
 much as if both the creation of the Corporation and the nomination of electors had 
 been comprehended in the letters patent. I can find no authority for the qualifica- 
 tions of this doctrine which have been suggested. There are many instances in which 
 the members of a corporation are elected by strangers. The Bishop of Ely nominates 
 the master of Jesus College, Cambridge, and the owner of Audley End the master of 
 Magdalen College, Cambridge. The Crown may give to a corporation the power of 
 making another corporation. (Bro. Abr. Prerogative Le Eoy, pi. 53.) "Why, therefore, 
 may not the Crown grant to its nominee the power of giving some other individual 
 the right of voting at elections to a corporate office though he be not himself a member 
 of the corporation ? The only difficulty which could arise in such a case, namely, the 
 event of such individual having no successor, does not arise here, because provision is 
 made for the proper succession of assistants. 
 
 Judgment therefore passed for the Crown, and a peremptory mandamus 
 was issued, commanding the College to admit Eichard William Allen as 
 Warden. 
 
 In consequence thereof, the following minute appears in the election 
 book : — 
 
 Dulwich College, 7 December 1851. 
 
 Whereas Eichard William Allen Esquire was on the 31" day of March last elected 
 Warden of this College, in the place of John Gay Newton AUeyne Esquire, late 
 VOL. I. 3 E 
 
402 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 Warden, who on the 10"" day of March last resigned the said office. And the said 
 Eicbard William Allen hath executed a Bond to the said College in the sum of £8000 
 for the due Execution of his office, And hath also delivered to the College the Bonds of 
 Four Sureties duly executed each in the sum of £2000 viz' 
 
 Joseph Anderson of the Holme, Eegents Park, Middlesex, Esquire, 
 
 William French of Blackheath Park, Esquire, 
 
 WiUiam Beard of Tormartin in Gloucestershire, Esquire, 
 
 John Nicholl of Cross Street, Islington, Esquire, 
 
 which several securities were approved by the Master and Fellows of the College. 
 
 Now the said Eichard William Allen this day attended and took the Oath as 
 Warden expressed in the Statutes, which was Ministered imto him in the Body of the 
 Chapel by the Eeverend Charles Howes the senior Fellow in the presence of the 
 Corporation, after having attended Morning Prayers and received the Holy Sacrament 
 of the Lord's Supper, And was in Obedience to a writ of Mandamus of the Court of 
 Queens Bench, Admitted by the Master and Fellows and conducted to his Seat in the 
 Chapel and his Lodgings in the College, And he took upon himself the office of 
 warden. 
 
 Though the Warden's admission had been contested as a matter of 
 principle, it does not in any way appear that he was received by the Society 
 otherwise than in a friendly spirit. On the contrary, the proceedings of the 
 College seem to have been exceedingly harmonious after this until its 
 dissolution. He dined at the College, apparently for the first time, on 
 Tuesday, 6th January 1852. 
 
 The first minute signed by him was one on the 6th February 1852, by 
 which Dr. Thomas Cox * was elected head master of the College Grammar 
 School. 
 
 'Dr. Cos subsequently became much impoverished. He was admitted in April 1879 a roor 
 brother from Caniberwell, and died in the College Almshouses in 1884. ' 
 
iSsi-l [ 403 ] 
 
 CHAPTER XV. 
 
 HISTOKY OF THE COLLEGE, 1852-1857. 
 
 Whilst the dispute as to the "Wardenship was proceediug, the question of 
 the education of the poor scholars had not been allowed to sleep. 
 
 Whether the College propounded any scheme for a reform is, as has 
 been already said, doubtful, but on the 11th August 1851 the Archbishop, 
 Dr. J. B. Sumner, issued the following Injunction : — 
 
 John Bird, by Divine Providence, Archbishop of Canterbury, Primate of all 
 England and Metropolitan, Visitor of the College of God's Gift in Dulwich, in the 
 county of Surrey. 
 
 To the Master, Warden, Fellows and Assistants of the said College, Greeting. 
 
 Whereas complaint having been made to us by petition from the two senior 
 wardens of the parish church of Saint Saviour, Southwaik, in the said county of 
 Surrey, being two of the Assistants of the said College at Dulwich, That in the 
 mana"ement of the school of Dulwich College aforesaid, the intention of the Founder 
 was not fully carried out, inasmuch as the twelve poor scholars do not receive sucli 
 instruction as would fit them, according to their capacities, either to be placed out 
 as apprentices, or to be sent to the Universities for the completion of a learned educa- 
 tion, which intention ought to be carried into effect as nearly as the altered circum- 
 stances of the times permit. Now we, having taken the matter of the said petition 
 into our consideration, do hereby declare and direct that the following changes shall 
 be made in respect to the Education of the Poor Scholars. 
 
 First. That further accommodation shall be provided for the Scholars by applying 
 for that purpose such part of the standing balance as was carried over at the last audit 
 in respect of the lapsed shares of surplus Eevenue, or as much of the same as shall be 
 required. 
 
 That in all future distributions of the Surplus Eevenue a due proportion be reserved 
 for the benefit of the poor Scholars. 
 
 That in regard to their Education and preferment all the Boys shall receive 
 instruction in Beading, Writing, Arithmetic, and the Latin Grammar as heretofore 
 indiscriminately until they attain the age of Fourteen years, and that such of the Boys 
 as shall not be kept in College under the regulation next mentioned, shall be put out 
 as apprentices at that age. 
 
 That a portion of the Boys to be selected by the Master, Warden and Fellows on 
 account of their talent or application, and not exceeding at any time Four in number, 
 shall be allowed to remain in the College until the age of Fifteen or Sixteen years, and 
 
404 
 
 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 during such extended period of their residence in the College, shall receive in addition 
 to the education in the College School, such instruction as shall be considered most 
 beneficial with a view to their being placed in higher positions of Society, that is to 
 say : Instructions in Surveying, Chemistry, Civil Engineering, or any of the applied 
 Sciences, according to their respective capacities, and that they be put out accordingly 
 as soon as opportunity shall offer, not later than the age of Sixteen years, except in 
 any particular case, where superior talent and other circumstances may appear to 
 render it probable that the interest of the individual would be better consulted by a 
 classical education until the age of eighteen years and by his being then sent to the 
 University. 
 
 That such extended instruction be afforded at the expense of the College either by 
 the attendance of Professors or other extra teachers at the College, or by arrangements 
 for the attendance of the Boys while resident in the College at some practical Educational 
 Establishment such as King's College, London, or the London University, and that all 
 expenses attendant thereon be considered as expenditure on account of the poor 
 scholars. 
 
 That suitable allowances (either annually or in gross) be made to the Boys by way 
 of preferment at their departure from the College, as well those put out Apprentice, as 
 those otherwise put forth or sent to the University, regard being had to the nature of 
 the respective occupations and positions, and to the extent of benefit to which the 
 poor scholars as Members of the Corporation are entitled out of the surplus revenue. 
 And we do direct that the scale of such allowances be submitted to us as Visitor afore- 
 said as soon as the working of this Scheme shall enable you the said Master, "Warden 
 and Eellows so to do. 
 
 And we do hereby further decree and direct that the costs and expenses on both 
 sides attending this matter be paid out of the funds of the said College. 
 
 And we do likewise hereby direct you and every of you to register or cause to be 
 registered this our Decree in the Book wherein the acts of your said College are 
 registered, and that you carefully place this our original Decree among the Archives 
 of the said College. 
 
 In witness whereof we have caused our Archiepiscopal Seal to be affixed to these 
 presents. Given at our Palace at Lambeth, the Eleventh day of August in the year of 
 our Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty one, and in the Fourth year of our 
 Translation. J. B. Cantuak. 
 
 On tlie 4th September 1851 the Master rendered an account as 
 executing the office of "Warden, vacated by John Gay Newton AUeyne on 
 the 10th March 1851, showing £7716. lis. 7d. due to the College, which 
 account was signed by five assistants. 
 
 _ On the same day a poor scholar of St. Luke's, William Cakebread, 
 being considered a boy of talent and application, was selected by 
 the Master and Fellows to remain in the College, under the Visitor's 
 Injunctions. 
 
 Two other boys, Jennings and Bateman, were also subsequently retained 
 at the College till they were sixteen, and there the effect of the Archbishop's 
 Injunctions appears to have ended, the first of them, which provided that 
 a fund for superior education should be raised by appropriation of the 
 
i8si.] THE DULWICH COLLEGE SCHOOL ASSOCIATION. 405 
 
 " lapsed shares of surplus Eevenue," tliat is, of the moneys left in the 
 hands of the Warden at the March audit, being entirely disregarded. 
 
 On the 6th August 1851, the Committee of the Dulwich College School 
 Association issued a somewhat prolix report, which commences with the 
 following recapitulation of the history of the association : — 
 
 A period of ten years has now elapsed since the formation of this Association. In 
 taking a retrospective glance at the proceedings of the Association during this period 
 your Committee are persuaded that there is much, very much, for congratulation. 
 And considering that we have for the most part been struggling against a powerful 
 current, it is encouraging to be able to show not only that our Society still exists, but 
 that your Committee, undiscouraged by apparently insuperable difiBculties and by 
 impediments thrown in their way, have persevered faithfully and to a great extent, 
 effectually, in carrying out the best objects contemplated at the formation of the 
 Society. And your Committee are satisfied that the steady progress of the pro- 
 ceedings of the Society may be considered as auguring well for its prosperity and 
 permanence. The Dulwich School Association, it may be remembered, was instituted 
 in 1841. It received the Patronage of the Gentlemen of the College, and it proceeded 
 pleasantly and prosperously so long as the Members seemed content to circumscribe 
 the benefits of the Society more immediately to themselves, but it was not the sole 
 object of those who called the Society into existence. No ! it was destined to be 
 of unlimited usefulness and unbounded benevolence. Therefore, when it became 
 notorious that those Boys for whom the Founder had made such ample provision, 
 were for the most part illiterate ; and that those arriving at manhood, were, with 
 few exceptions, in abject poverty, the Society felt that if they were to be of any use 
 as a Society they must endeavour to bring about a more healthy state of affairs at 
 the College : that they must go at once to the fountain head in order to purify the 
 streams. 
 
 They therefore submitted to the Gentlemen of the College that the Boys were very 
 deficient as compared even with the ordinary National Schools, and the Association 
 requested that they might be allowed to offer Eewards for the purpose of stimulating 
 the Boys. This was granted for Penmanship, but finding the Association were for 
 improvement in Education generally, the College at once disallowed the rewards 
 altogether. The Association then, anxious to be doing something to elevate the 
 College Boys, volunteered their Services in procuring them better Trades than 
 Tinkers, Tailors, and Shoemakers. This offer was accepted by the College, and the 
 Association exerted themselves to benefit the Boys in this respect, but they found 
 that the Boys were so unfitted for any superior Trade or Profession, that they arrived 
 at the conclusion that under the circumstances these Trades were judiciously selected 
 by the College, being such as required little or no Education. 
 
 The Association then held a General Meeting upon the degraded position of the 
 Boys while at the College and consequently in after life, and they resolved at once to 
 memorialize the College. A respectful Memorial was accordingly sent to the College, 
 in February 1844, together with the Reports of the Committee appointed to seek for 
 better situations for the Boys and also to inquire into the state of Education given at 
 
 the College. 
 
 The Gentlemen of the College, in reply to the Memorial, stated that " as to the 
 " education of the Boys, the Members of the College have endeavoured to do their 
 
4q6 HISTOR Y of DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 " duty to the fullest extent, they helieve they have done so, and have acted according 
 " to the true spirit of the Statutes and therefore cannot admit of any interference." A 
 correspondence hetween the Association and the College was entered into on the 
 subject and in further explanation of the Memorial, which terminated in the Master, 
 "Warden and Fellows withdrawing from the Association. The Warden, J, G. N. 
 Alleyne, visited the apprentices to forbid them attending the Anniversary Meeting of 
 the Association, and requested their Masters not to give them a Holiday on the 
 Anniversary in future. And the usual awards to the Boys on the termination of their 
 Apprenticeship were given on the condition that they would never join the " Dulwich 
 " College School Association." 
 
 The Association much regretted that this Memorial did not meet with a more 
 favorable reception at the College, they were however not to be discouraged, and 
 resolved as their next step to Memorialize the Visitor His Grace the Archbishop of 
 Canterbury. A Memorial was accordingly forwarded to His Grace on the 10'" June 
 1848. His Grace acknowledged the receipt of the Memorial, and assured the Associa- 
 tion that he would not fail to take the matter into consideration as soon as opportunity 
 allowed. The Churchwardens of S' Saviours having honoured the Association with 
 their company on several of their Annual Meetings became more familiar with the 
 degraded position of the College Boys, and felt it their duty as " Assistants " to the 
 College to institute further enquiry, and having satisfied themselves that the Will of 
 the benevolent Founder was sadly abused, they, with those benevolent purposes and 
 praiseworthy efforts which have characterized them in S' Saviour's for warmly defend- 
 ing the poor, and extending to them every advantage of Parochial Charities and 
 bequests, felt it their duty to memorialize His Grace the Archbishop of Canterbury. 
 The statements in their Memorial which related to the College Boys were confirmed 
 by Affidavits made by Members of the Association. His Grace in reply to this 
 Memorial resolved upon hearing the arguments by Council (szc) at the Arches Court, 
 Doctors Commons on the 12" and 13'" of April 1850. At the close of which His 
 Grace remarked that so much had been brought before him, that he must take time to 
 consider his decision. This slight retrospect may suffice to shew that the Association 
 has not been working for the past ten years of its existence solely for the benefit of 
 its present Members, but has used every effort for the benefit of the rising generation 
 and that the Will of the benevolent Founder of Dulwich College should^be justly 
 carried out. Your Committee have endeavoured with prudence and energy to dis- 
 charge the duties which the Society have entrusted to them, and they have looked 
 with earnest solicitude on the progress of others engaged in a similar work with 
 themselves in reference to the College, those efforts especially which are calculated to 
 elevate the moral and intellectual condition of the College Boys. Your Committee 
 cannot lose sight of the Education of the College Boys, they fear they have not in the 
 Memorials sufficiently urged the vast importance of a Eeligious education which 
 strange to say, appeared to be the least regarded during that period (a quarter of a 
 century) to which the Reports and Memorials of the Association more particularlv 
 refer. '^ ^ 
 
 The report then proceeds to sujpport the election of Mr. Richard W. 
 Allen to the Wardenship, which election was then in dispute ; to refer to the 
 petition to the Archbishop, whose Injunction was issued immediately after- 
 wards ; and finally, to congratulate the members upon the success of the 
 
1854-] THE CHARITY COMMISSIONERS' INQUIRl: 407 
 
 Association in causing inquiry to be made into the state of the education of 
 the boys at Dulwich College. 
 
 From this time the history of the College mainly consists of negotiations 
 with the Crystal Palace Company, Mr. Wythes, and Mr. Fuller, as to land 
 to be taken, roads to be made, and building contracts relating to the 
 Sydenham portion of the estate, on the one hand, and the proceedings of 
 the Charity Commissioners, which eventually culminated in the Act of 
 1857, on the other. 
 
 It would be tedious and seems unnecessary to enter into details with 
 respect to the negotiations as to the land question, which were managed on 
 behalf of the College by Sir Charles Barry and Mr. Charles Druce, resulting, 
 as is well known, in a very large increase to the College revenues. 
 
 The first mention of the Charity Commission's action is found on the 
 5th May 1854, when the following entry appears : — 
 
 " A letter addressed by M'' Thomas Hare, Inspector under the Charity 
 " Commission, to M' Druce, intimating that the said Inspector had received 
 " instructions from the Commissioners to enquire into the state and 
 " administration of the College, and requesting M' Druce's attendance at 
 " the Ofiice of the Commission being read, M" Druce was directed to attend 
 " as desired." At the next meeting on the 12th of May, Mr. Druce 
 reported that he had attended the Inspector of the Charity Commission 
 according to his request, and answered his inquiries as a preliminary to the 
 attendance of the Inspector at the College, which would probably take place 
 in June, and it was " Ordered that M' Druce do furnish the Inspector with 
 " a Plan of the Estate and with copies of the Statutes and Injunctions and 
 " any other Information required." 
 
 On the 19th May 1854 a letter from Mr. Hare, addressed to Mr. 
 Druce, and dated 18th May, was read, and it was resolved, " That M' Druce 
 " do make out the account required, including a copy of the Weekly 
 " accounts for the year ending 4*^ March 1854, and furnish the same and 
 "any other information required, but that it is not deemed expedient to 
 " send the "Weekly ledger from the College, unless ordered by the Com- 
 " missioners, the same being in daily use." 
 
 No further mention of the matter is made until the 16th June, when a 
 notice from Mr. Hare, appointing a meeting for Thursday the 29th June, 
 at the College, to inquire into the state and administration thereof, and 
 whether any and what improvement may be made therein, was read and 
 considered. 
 
 On the 23rd June the course to be taken at this meeting was con- 
 sidered, and it was resolved that Mr. Druce do engage a shorthand writer 
 to attend. The meetings actually extended to four days, viz. 27th, 28th, 
 29th, and 30th June 1854. 
 
4o8 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 On the first day the Master, Mr. George John Allen, was examined, 
 stating that his emoluments as Master were £40 salary and forty parts 
 of the dividend, making altogether £640 in cash, besides the benefit, 
 along with the Warden and Fellows, of the common table of the College, 
 and board and lodging for his servant, whose wages he paid himself. He 
 enumerated the in-door and out-door servants of the College, and explained 
 that part of the balance described as delivered to the Warden as the first 
 receipt of moneys, amounting at the last audit to £5617. 2s. 7d., was 
 represented by £4000 consols and £2000 £3^ per cent, annuities, the 
 interest on which was not carried to the general account of the College, but 
 to a fund called the repairing fund, which was made up, in addition to the 
 above-mentioned interest, of monies received for land tax, pew rents, 
 dilapidations, timber sold, and of the interest of an exchequer bill for 
 £1000, in which a portion of the capital of the repairing fund had been 
 invested. 
 
 He stated the income of this fund for the last year to have been 
 £973. Is. 5d., inclusive of a vote to the repairing fund of £30 from the 
 general account, and that the balance of cash at the end of 1853 was 
 £944. 9s. 4d. 
 
 From this fund, he said, any extraordinary expense, not falling within 
 current disbursements of the College, was usually paid. About £2000 had 
 been expended from the fund in the repairs of the chapel in 1851, and 
 legal expenses, amounting to £1400, including the hearing before the 
 Archbishop and the costs of the mandamus, had also been paid from it in 
 1851 and 1853. 
 
 He explained his duties as Master, statutable and otherwise, and the 
 constitution of the College Grammar School, and expressed his opinion 
 that no case had happened during the period of his connection with the 
 College in which it would have been desirable for the future welfare of any 
 boy, that he should be sent to the University. 
 
 Mr. Richard William Allen, the Warden, was next examined, and stated 
 his emoluments to be £480 in money, with the same advantages in regard to 
 board, lodging, servant's and horse's keep, as had been detailed by the 
 Master. He described his duties, and handed in various accounts. 
 
 He considered, difi'ering from the Master, that one of the boys who had 
 left the school since he had been Warden, would, if sufiiciently educated, 
 have been qualified to be sent to the University. This boy was William 
 Cakebread, who left in 1853, at sixteen years of age. He had expressed his 
 opinion, from which all the other members of the College differed. Cake- 
 bread had then been apprenticed to a Mr. Walker, an iron-house builder. 
 
 Several of the poor brethren and sisters were then examined, and 
 deposed that they received £11. 17s. 5^d. per month, one pound of laread 
 
i8s4.] THE CHARITY COMMISSIONERS' INQUIRY. 409 
 
 and one pot of beer daily; besides £2 a year faggot money, and every two years 
 the surplus of the gown money, amounting on the last occasion to £13. 1 6s. 3d. 
 They also received 19s. 5d. yearly from the Master (Lady Falkland's gift). 
 
 Some of these poor brethren and sisters stated that, according to agree- 
 ment made previous to their election, they allowed £30 and £40 per 
 annum either to the candidate with whom they drew lots, or to the inmates 
 of the almshouses of their parishes. 
 
 On the following day, the 28th of June, the Eev. Edwd. A. 
 Giraud, fourth Fellow, was examined ; he deposed that his emoluments in 
 cash were £165. 13s. 4d. yearly, and explained that he taught the boys to 
 sing simple psalmody by notes (formerly called prick-song), to chant the 
 hymns after the lessons, to sing the Gloria Patri after each read psalm, 
 together with a sanctus and the responses after the Ten Commandments. 
 
 To perform these his presumed duties more effectively, he engaged at 
 his own cost a person who was a poor scholar of the College, but had been 
 for the last six years apprenticed to an eminent organist, to come twice a 
 week to assist him in teaching the boys ; he thought also that he was 
 materially benefiting and assisting that late poor scholar of the College in 
 his present line of life.* 
 
 On Sundays he practised the boys before morning service, and himself 
 took the whole of the organ duties, playing both morning and afternoon in 
 the service of the College chapel. 
 
 The Rev. William Fellowes deposed that he was the second Fellow of 
 the College ; that his emoluments were £200 per annum in money, and 
 the benefit of the common table of the College, unfurnished rooms rent free, 
 and coals and candles found. 
 
 He stated that his statutable duties as second Fellow (statute 33) were 
 to preach one sermon every Sunday, and daily to attend (as likewise all 
 the Fellows) the Master and the Warden to the chapel, and to do all offices 
 belonging to the ministry, such as to celebrate the sacraments, wed, bury, 
 christen, also to visit the sick within the College. He then proceeded thus : — 
 
 The duties I perform, with my reasons, are as follows. On offering myself as a 
 candidate for the vacant fellowship, I was informed of the duties performed by my 
 predecessor, and was told such duties would devolve upon his successor. Assuming 
 that they were the statutable duties, I undertook to do them, and have done them to 
 the best of my power. After residence, on reading the statutes, I discovered that the 
 iisa^e was contrary to the express words of the ordinances, and therefore would, in the 
 eye of the law, go for nothing. It did not, however, appear to me expedient to raise a 
 question, the settlement of which was evidently not far distant, and therefore I con- 
 tinued to perform the duties by conventional agreement, and in accordance with, as I 
 am informed, an injunction, which however enjoined, is an usage not supported by the 
 
 * Named Holmes, .still (1888) a pensioner of the College. 
 VOL. I. 3 F 
 
410 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 ordinances. I have never, in any other sense, considered it at all my duty to instruct the 
 boys. There are at this date only ten boys in the school; of these the number who have 
 arrived at a degree of intelligence at which they may be usefully instructed in Latin is 
 five. The Latin books now in use are — King Edward the Sixth's Latin Grammar, T. K. 
 Arnold's Henry's First Latin Book, T. K. Arnold's Henry's Second Latin Book, T. K. 
 Arnold's Latin Prose Composition, Part I. No Latin classical author is now read, 
 as Virgil, Cicero, or Nepos ; but when they would commence these, they are taught in 
 lieu of them French. The French books used in the scbool are — Hamel'a French 
 Grammar by Lambert, T. K. Arnold's First French Book, L'Echo de Paris (Lepage's), 
 Correspondence Conimerciale to translate into English, and Anderson's Commercial 
 Correspondence to translate into French. Since the instruction in Fi-euch was intro- 
 duced, I have heard the French lessons every morning in every week, and examined 
 daily the French exercises, so that they may be prepared for the French Master 
 (Mr. Grandnom), who attends two hours twice a week, and receives payment from the 
 College. French has formed part of the instruction in the College since the late 
 injunction of the present Archbishop of Canterbury in 1851. At this moment only 
 one is learning French ; another will commence after the holidays. Drawing is nov/ 
 also a part of the education; this dates from December 1853. M' Gaudee is the 
 master ; he attends twice a week for an hour at a time ; he is paid by the College. 
 Tiie number of boys learning drawing is four. Greek, to the best of my knowledge 
 and belief, has never been taught in the College ; bad it been so when I came, it would 
 have been continued. My view has been only to carry on the system of education as 
 I found it, with the exception of modernizing it, and giving it, to the best of my 
 judgment, a more practical turn. With this view Latin classical authors have been 
 lately discontinued, and the following subjects have been introduced — Joyce's, 
 Scientific Dialogues, Joyce's Catechism of Nature, Johnston's Catechism of Agri- 
 cultural Chemistry and Geology, Outlines of Chemistry, by Griffiths ; Minerals and 
 Metals, The House I Live in. Common Things from Guy's School Question Book, 
 Mangnall's Historical Questions and Sacred History, Euclid books I. to VL, two of 
 the boys are now learning Euclid; D' Watts' Scripture History, Bushby's Introduction 
 to Holy Scripture, English Grammar by Sullivan (Irish Board), Geographical Primer 
 England, and Foster's General Geography (Chambers' Series) ; book keeping, single 
 and double entry; mental and commercial arithmetic with logarithms; chain rule and 
 exchanges. Further alteration, such as the introduction of Greek, I did not deem 
 either necessary or expedient to make, as the probability of some definite and 
 permanent arrangement of the school and College seemed inevitable and impending. 
 These are the main facts with respect to the present education of the children, and 
 such are the duties I have discharged, however inefficiently or unsatisfactorily to myself 
 and others. I would, however, again observe, that since I became a member of the 
 College, I have considered myself only nominally master of the school. I have 
 pursued the system which, as far as I know, has always been pursued, of takino- the 
 duties alternate weeks with the third fellow. Some inconvenience cannot but'have 
 arisen from the want of uniformity of system and continuity of study, which would 
 not have been the case had the education of the children been wholly conducted by 
 one person. The difference also of ages and capacities renders it quite hopeless and 
 impossible to pursue any one system which would be applicable to the twelve children. 
 The holidays allowed in the school during the week are the Saints' days ; those durincf 
 the year are, one week at Easter, four weeks at Whitsuntide, three weeks (and odd days 
 if any) in September, and four weeks at Christmas : and during these periods, some 
 
iS54-] THE CHARITY COMMISSIONERS' INQUIRY. ^\^ 
 
 boys each week for a few days are permitted, if they wish it, to he absent from the 
 Collefje with their parents or friends. The hours I attend and have always attended 
 the school during my week of duty, are — 
 
 From 9 to 2 on Monday, Wednesday and Thursday 
 
 9 to 11^ on Tuesday 
 
 9 to 12 on Saturday 
 
 9 to 1 on Friday, at which hour the weekly College meetings 
 are held and which sometimes are prolonged till six o'clock. These I have constantly 
 attended, with punctuality and regularity, for the conduct of College business. If 
 any work is left undone during the hours mentioned above, it is finished between half- 
 past four and quarter before six. I consider every other week to be entirely devoted 
 to the boys, and have always given them whatever time has been found requisite for 
 the work. There is, however, no regular afternoon school Formerly, I understand, 
 the boys were taught singing in the afternoon, but of this I can assert nothing of my 
 own knowledge. It has generally been, I think, considered by the College that the 
 future prospects of the boys would be better consulted by putting them out to trades 
 of a higher class, or to professions, than by preparing them for the universities. 
 Indeed, there would be great difficulty in sending them there, unless it was decided to 
 do it at an earlier age than 14. If that course (which I have never had reason to 
 anticipate) were determined on, it would be absolutely necessary that they should 
 commence learning Greek when or before they arrive at the age of 12 years. Under 
 the injunction of the present Archbishop, the College decide at the age of 14 whether 
 they shall be retained in the College until 16. Since that injunction one boy (Hulse) 
 has been apprenticed out at 14 to a compositor. This boy was a good, amiable and 
 well-conducted boy, but I never could get him to retain any knowledge : he had no 
 memory in this respect, and this fact I have stated at different times to the churcli- 
 wardens of S' Saviours parish from which he came. The same fact was also stated to 
 his parent by myself. Cakebread, Jennings and Bateman were retained in the College 
 under the injunction till the age of sixteen. At that age they had not been instructed 
 in Greek at all, nor had they in other respects been prepared with a view to their 
 proceeding to the university. They, therefore, were not fit, but in my judgment they 
 mio-ht have been so prepared, had it been decided early enough. I feel sure they had 
 sufficient capacity. 
 
 Cakebread left the College ISTov'. 9. 1853 ; Jennings left the CoUege Feb^ 8. 1854 ; 
 Bateman left the College June 8. 1851. 
 
 The Eev. Charles Howes, senior Fellow of the College, deposed that 
 his emoluments were £200 per annum in money, with the benefit of the 
 common table, apartments, etc., and that he also received a sum varying 
 from £S to £10 a year from surplice fees. His duties were to preach twice on 
 a Sunday in the College chapel, to celebrate the sacraments, perform the 
 services of baptism and burial, and visit the sick within the College. 
 Besides these statutable duties, he, in compliance with the custom observed 
 bv bis predecessors, gratuitously acted as the officiating clergyman to a 
 surrounding neighbourhood, consisting of nearly all the hamlet of Dulwich 
 and a small population immediately adjoining. 
 
 On the 29th June, Mr. Robert Farmer of Mount Street, Lambeth, was 
 
412 HISTOR y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 examined. He deposed that he had formerly been a poor scholar of the 
 College, and had become a chemist and druggist. He asserted that in his 
 time there were boys who were fit to go to the University. He mentioned 
 two, — Edwin, whom two of the members of the College desired to be so 
 sent ; and Sheppard, who was apprenticed to a stationer, and rose to be the 
 master of a large business, and whom he had heard say that justice was not 
 done to him in the College, and that he would have preferred to have gone 
 to the University. 
 
 He also mentioned another boy. Hartley, who was apprenticed to a printer, 
 although his uncle, who was a solicitor, wished to have him articled to himself. 
 
 He read a list of names of boys, with the trades to which they had been 
 apprenticed, and also letters which he had received from apprentices when 
 acting in the capacity of steward to a dinner given by the Dulwich College 
 School Association in 1842. The composition and spelling of these letters, 
 he said, showed the miserable education which the boys had received. In 
 fact, those who obtained any education of value did so by going to school 
 afterwards, as he, and to his knowledge, several others had done. 
 
 He also complained that the members of the College threw impediments 
 in the way of any communication between the apprentices and his associa- 
 tion, and read a letter from an apprentice, David Jones, dated 22nd July 
 1843, stating that the Warden of the College had called upon his master, and 
 requested him not to allow him (Jones) to attend the association dinner, as 
 the gentlemen of the College would not be present. So much difficulty, 
 in fact, had been thrown in the way of any intercourse between the 
 association and the scholars, that for the last three or four years he had 
 not attempted any, and could not say that he had spoken to any of those 
 now in the house. 
 
 He also believed that the lands of the College were underlet. 
 
 On the 30th June 1854, Mr. Charles Druce of Billiter Square, solicitor, 
 deposed that he and his brother were joint solicitors of the College, having 
 succeeded their father, who died in 1845. 
 
 He said that in letting College property the Corporation generally and 
 almost universally took the advice of their surveyor in all respects. He 
 was of opinion that the estates of the College were adequately let, but had 
 no doubt that they were susceptible of improvement. 
 
 Two building contracts had been made, — one with Mr. Wythes at 
 ascending rents ultimately amounting to £1871, and one with Mr. Francis 
 Fuller for another portion of Dulwich Wood at rents ultimately amounting 
 to £2009. A terrier of the lands of the College was in course of preparation, 
 under the direction of the Inspector of Charities, in which it was designed 
 to show the quantities of land in each holding, the rental, and the terms of 
 years, or other tenure, on which the same were holden. 
 
i8s6.] SCHEME OF THE CHARITY COMMISSIONERS. 413 
 
 Some more of the poor brethren and sisters were then examined, and 
 deposed to the amounts they received and to the arrangements they had 
 entered into to make payments to those who drew lots with them, or to the 
 almshouses of their parishes, when the inquiry terminated. 
 
 On the 7th July 1854, a letter addressed by Mr. Marsden, vestry clerk 
 of Camberwell, to Messrs. Druce, inquiring if the CoUege intended to send 
 in any scheme to the Commissioners of Charities, being read, it was 
 resolved, " That M' Druce do answer the same and state that the College in 
 " the present state of the enquiry are not prepared to say whether or not 
 " they wiU send any scheme." 
 
 The scheme of the parish of St. Saviour's and matters connected there- 
 with were also discussed, the subject being adjourned to the 10th July, 
 when at a special meeting it was further considered, a scheme suggested 
 by the parish of Camberwell being also read; and it was resolved, "That 
 " M" Druce do communicate to M' Parson (the vestry clerk of St. Luke's) 
 " that in the present stage of the enquiry by the Inspectors of Charities the 
 " College cannot become parties to any of the proposed schemes." 
 
 At the regular meeting on Friday the 14th July, Mr. Druce reported 
 that he had communicated with Mr. Parson as directed, and the pending 
 proceedings were further considered. 
 
 On Friday the 11th May 1855, a letter from the secretary to the 
 Charity Commission, with heads of proposed scheme for the future regula- 
 tion of the College inclosed therein, was read and considered. 
 
 On the 21st December 1855, the new scheme of the " Commissioners of 
 "Charities" was considered ; and on the 28th December the objections and 
 suggestions to the proposed scheme were read and agreed to, and it was 
 resolved that the same be signed by the Master. 
 
 The College had by this time begun to consult the Commissioners in 
 respect of matters concerning its management, for at this meeting a letter 
 from the secretary was read, leaving it to the discretion of the College to 
 assent to or dissent from the East Kent Kailway ; and it was resolved that 
 the College should dissent, notices thereof being accordingly signed by the 
 
 Master. 
 
 On the 8th February 1856, a letter from the " Commissioners of 
 " Charities," inviting the attendance of the members of the College at the 
 office of the Commission on the 11th inst., being read, it was resolved "that 
 " the Master and such of the Members as find it convenient " should attend. 
 
 On the 20th March 1856, it was resolved "that Counsel be retained to 
 " appear for the College on the BUI expected to be brought into Parliament 
 " on the Eeport of the Commissioners of Charities and that Retainers be 
 " offered to M'. Serg*. Wrangham and M'. Venables." 
 
 On the 27th June 1856, Mr. Druce produced and read the Bill just 
 
414 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 introduced into the House of Lords for confirming the Charity Cora- 
 raissioners' scheme, and it was resolved " that a petition be presented to be 
 " heard thereon in such form as counsel (M'. Venables) shall advise" ; and 
 at a special meeting held on the succeeding Monday, the 30th June, a 
 " petition against the Bill in Parliament for confirming the scheme of the 
 " Charity Commissioners " being i-ead, it was resolved that the College seal 
 be affixed thereto. On the 15th July, the seal was also aflixed to a petition 
 to the House of Commons, praying to be heard by counsel on the BUI for 
 confirming the Commissioners' scheme. 
 
 During the progress of the inquiry, the College, with the consent of the 
 Commissioners, suspended the filling up of the vacancies which occurred 
 in the poor brethren, sisters, and poor scholars, the last appointment 
 of a Camberwell scholar in the election book being dated 9th November 
 1849. 
 
 On the 25th July 1856, a letter from the churchwardens of St. Luke's 
 was read, requesting that the vacancies occasioned by the death of 
 T. Newman, and the discharge of J. Fawcett and J. E. Outram, might be 
 forthwith filled up ; and it was resolved " that a copy thereof be trans- 
 " mitted to the Charity Commissioners, and, further, that a case be 
 " prepared for the opinion of counsel as to the expediency of filling up 
 " vacancies or the consequences of omitting to do so, and that the same be 
 " submitted to Sir Fitzroy Kelly, M' Eoundell Palmer and M' Venables, if 
 " their opinions can be obtained at this time." 
 
 The Commissioners appear also to have taken advice on the matter, and 
 to have decided not to incur the responsibility of sanctioning any loncyer the 
 suspension of elections, for at the meeting held on the 1st August 1856 a 
 letter from their secretary was read, stating that the authority given to the 
 College to abstain from filling up vacancies in the College was withdrawn. 
 
 The opinion of Sir F. Kelly, Mr. Eoundell Palmer, and Mr. Venables is 
 preserved atDulwich, and is to the efi"ect that the College ought to fill 
 up all vacancies, keeping the Commissioners informed of their proceedings. 
 Accordingly, the election book contains a notice, under date of the 15th 
 August 1856, of the election of a Camberwell scholar in the place of Henry 
 Woodyell, and at the same time the vacancies amongst the scholars belonging 
 to the other parishes were also filled up. " 
 
 The session of Parliament being at an end, nothing further occurred 
 untU the 20th February 1857, when Mr. Druce reported the result of his 
 mquiries as to expected proceedings in Parliament on the Charity Com- 
 missioners' scheme, a.nd it was resolved "that M' Druce be directed to 
 " retain Sergeant Wrangham and M' Venables on behalf of the College 
 " and to prepare such petition or take such proceedings as may appear 
 " necessary." ^^ 
 
1857.] SELECT COMMITTEE ON THE DULWICH COLLEGE BILL. 415 
 
 Parliament was dissolved on the 21st Marcli 1857, a new Parliament 
 meeting on the 30th April, when a fresh Bill was at once introduced into the 
 House of Lords ; and on the 25th May the College seal was affixed to a 
 petition to that House "on the bill of 1857 for confirming the scheme of 
 " the Commissioners of Charities, with certain alterations." 
 
 Petitions had meanwhile been presented by other parties ; and on the 
 12th June those of the churchwardens of the three London parishes jointly, 
 and those of the churchwardens and vestry of Camberwell, of certain lease- 
 holders of Dulwich, and of parties on behalf of the theatrical profession, 
 were read at Private Sittings. 
 
 On the 17th July 1857, it is recorded that "the College bill having 
 " been read a second time in the House of Commons and referred to a Select 
 " Committee, the Seal was affixed to a Petition to the House similar to the 
 " one presented to the House of Lords." 
 
 The second reading had taken place on the 16th July, when it appears 
 on the votes of the House of Commons that it was ordered, " That the 
 " Dulwich College bill be read 2°, and committed to a Select Committee." 
 
 It was also ordered, on the l7th July, "That the Petition of the 
 " Churchwardens of S* Botolph's, S* Luke's and S* Saviour's (presented this 
 " day) be referred to the Committee ;" on the 21st July, " That the peti- 
 " tions from Dulwich College (Master, Warden and others) and vestry of 
 " S* Giles (presented this day) be referred to the Committee ;" and finally, 
 on the 22nd July, " That all petitions relative to the Dulwich College 
 " bill be referred to the Select Committee on the Bill ; and that such 
 " of the Petitioners as pray to be heard by Counsel be heard accordingly : 
 " if they think fit." 
 
 The Select Committee consisted of — 
 
 The Eight Hon. Matthew Talbot Baines, member for Leeds, Chairman. 
 
 Mr. MUes, „ East Somersetshire. 
 
 Mr. Wm. Ewart, „ Dumfries. 
 
 Mr. Ingliam, „ South Shields. 
 
 Mr. Headlam, „ Newcastle-on-Tyne. 
 
 Mr. Thomas Duncombe, „ Finsbury. 
 
 Mr. Alderman Copeland, „ Stoke-on-Trent. 
 
 Mr. Aleock, „ East Surrey. 
 
 Mr. Kni"ht, » "West Worcestershire. 
 
 Mr. John Locke, „ South wark. 
 
 Mr. Taverner Miller, „ Colchester. 
 
 Mr. Wickham, „ Bradford. 
 
 Mr. George Clive, „ Hereford. 
 
 Mr. Cross, ,> Preston. 
 
 The scheme of the Charity Commissioners provided for the dissolution 
 of the existing Corporation and the establishment of an upper and a lower 
 
41 6 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 school, with foundation scholarships attached to the latter, and exhibitions 
 to the former. The net revenues were to be divided into four parts, of 
 which three were to be allotted to the purposes of the school, and one to 
 the maintenance of almspeople, both male and female. 
 
 The government of the property was to be vested in fifteen governors, 
 four of whom were to be elected by the parishes of St. Botolph's, St. Luke's, 
 St. Saviour's, and St. Giles, Camberwell, and the remaining governors 
 nominated by the Court of Chancery, one of these to be resident in 
 Dulwich. 
 
 A head and second master of the upper school and a head master of the 
 lower school were provided, who, however, were subject to the governors. 
 
 A pension of 20s. per week was to be given to as many poor men and 
 women as the funds would admit of, residences being also provided for 
 them ; and finally, pensions of £1015 and £855 were granted to the Master 
 and Warden respectively for their lives, the Warden to receive the larger 
 pension if he survived the Master ; £500 each to the two senior Fellows, 
 and £486 to each of the two junior Fellows ; and further, £150 each to the 
 existing poor brethren and sisters. 
 
 The House of Lords considerably modified this scheme. They estab- 
 lished a Warden to administer the revenues, subject to the control of the 
 governors, placing the latter in the position of mere overlookers, and pro- 
 vided a new church and an incumbent, with a stipend, a residence, and an 
 ecclesiastical district, an arrangement which would have crippled the 
 resources of the charity for a long time to come. 
 
 None of the several parties petitioning appear to have had any objection 
 to the reform of the Corporation. All seem to have admitted that an Act 
 of Parliament was needed. The members of the Corporation, who had the 
 greatest personal interest in the matter, agreed that a change was necessary, 
 and only watched the proceedings through their counsel, Mr, Venables, in 
 order to repel any charge of mismanagement that might be made. Mr. 
 Venables' cross-examination of the witness, Mr. Briscoe, who gave evidence 
 on behalf of the interested parishes, was directed entirely to this point, 
 and his re-examination of Mr. Druce was also intended to show that 
 the management of the College had, all along, been strictly according 
 to law. 
 
 The members of the Corporation were naturally anxious as to their 
 retiring pensions, which had been fixed by agreement with the Charity 
 Commissioners, and it would seem that there was at one time some fear 
 that the Select Committee might throw out the portion of the Bill con- 
 ferring the retiring pensions on the Master, Warden, and four Fellows of 
 the College. Mr. Howes, the senior Fellow, thereupon wrote a letter to the 
 Committee, which was presented on the 29th July, with a statement of 
 
i8s7.] STATEMENT OF THE REV. CHARLES HOWES. 417 
 
 the income and advantages wLicli lie derived from his position at the 
 College. 
 
 This letter and statement are as follows : — 
 
 gjj. Dulwich College, 28 July 1857. 
 
 I have heard on some authority that it is not the intention of your Honourable 
 Committee to allow the retiring pensions claimed by the master, warden, and four 
 fellows of Dulwich College. 
 
 I have heard this with both surprise and anxiety — with surprise, because they are 
 so far less than we could justly claim ; and with anxiety, because my income from 
 this College is my entire dependence. May I ask your attention to the enclosed paper, 
 and humhly pray, that should your honourable committee at all doubt the perfect 
 justness of the claims set forth, you will leave the matter to the decision of a jury. I 
 shall be present to-morrow, ready and willing to be examined on all matters concerned 
 in the point in question. 
 
 Yours respectfully 
 
 CfiABLES Howes, M.A. 
 First Fellow of Dulwich College. 
 To the Hon. M. T. Baines 
 
 and other Honourable Members of the 
 Dulwich College Committee. 
 
 Statement on the part of the Eev. Charles Howes, Fellow of Dulv^ich College, of the 
 Income and Advantages he derives from his position at that College. 
 
 £ s. D. 
 
 Two good sitting-rooms, two good bedrooms rent free, and kept in 
 good order and repair by the college (I may add well situated in 
 every particular) ....... 
 
 Full board, breakfast, lunch, dinner, &c. &c. and every refreshment 
 called for, including wine, attendance of butler, footman and 
 housemaid, services of cook and under cook, plate, and dinner 
 linen, &c. &c., all kept in good order and supphed freely when 
 wanted ........ 
 
 Coals and candles to any extent wanted .... 
 
 Eates and taxes paid by the college ..... 
 
 Stationery, pens, ink, and paper ..... 
 
 I beg attention to the above items, and then ask Honourable Members whether 
 
 these advantages could be purchased for the sum of . . . . £350 
 
 Income in cash last year .... . . 236 
 
 £586 
 
 The sum agreed on is £500, a sum very far below what might be in strictness 
 claimed. Our incomes are annually increasing, but in lieu of aU rights of increasing 
 incomes from that increasing rent roll, the Commissioners make our pensions for liie. 
 VOL. L 3 G 
 
4 1 8 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 Let me add, that we are absolute owners of the property, and do not hold it in trust. 
 I have not put down specific sums as a valuation of the above items, leaving it to 
 Honourable Members to put down what they think proper. But I will add, that 
 every advantage I enjoy is rightfully enjoyed according to the strict letter oi the 
 statutes. It will be observed also, that I have entirely left out of all consideration the 
 enjoyment of large common rooms, such as dining room, &c. &c., use of a good library, 
 and a large and even beautiful garden. My duties ordered by statutes (apart from 
 those which I perform voluntarily and gratuitously) are very little more than preach- 
 ing one sermon on a Sunday. See Statute 33. 
 
 Signed by me, as a true and correct statement 
 
 Charles Howes, M.A. 
 First Fellow of Dulwich College. 
 
 Asked -whetlier there was anything lie wished to add with regard to this 
 subject beyond what appears upon the face of the paper, Mr. Howes 
 replied : — 
 
 I hardly know that there is, except in general terms, to say that we have honestly 
 and truly put these things at a lower sum than we believe we are justly entitled to, 
 not wishing to throw the slightest impediment in the way of a Bill passing, which, 
 generally speaking, we think is a very necessary measure. But I think we should all 
 agree in denying that these sums are, in a business point of view, anything like a fair 
 or adequate remuneration for what we lose : board and lodging are terms which are 
 very different according to different circumstances. I was a fellow of my College at 
 Cambridge, and if any one had asked me at what I valued my board and lodging, I 
 should have put it at almost £100, and have thought that I was putting a fair sum. 
 That is not the case with the board and lodging at the College. The rooms are 
 extremely comfortable, and everything good of its kind ; not anything like so much as 
 by the statute we might expend upon those things. It is a different thing — I put it 
 respectfully before the Committee — whether you have board and lodging, merely what 
 is absolutely necessary, and that which is conducted on a free and liberal scale. 
 
 After answering some further questions as to the expenditure on living 
 and the authority for it, Mr. Howes said : — 
 
 Allow me to draw your attention to the 117'" item of the statutes. You see there, 
 for the increase of diet for the master, warden, and fellows 127 parts. I once made 
 a calculation, and I think it is £2000 a year. I say that without wishing to commit 
 myself to a very accurate sum. I believe it has never been questioned by any one 
 that we have a perfect right to live as we do live ; and on the contrary, it has been 
 a joke amongst us, that if we chose to spend what we might legally spend, it would be 
 a perfect absurdity. No one would wish to do so ; it would be living more expensively 
 than any reasonable gentleman would wish to live. We do not live in any absurd 
 sumptuous style, but only as private gentlemen. I would draw the attention of the 
 Committee to our very small duties, which, perhaps, you may say would be put against 
 the freedom, and so on. My duties are really almost nominal. They are to preach 
 one sermon on Sunday; therefore if any honourable Member should say, "We 
 " exonerate you from duties," you are exonerating me from very little indeed, not more 
 than I like, in fact. 
 
1857-] EVIDENCE BEFORE THE SELECT COMMITTEE. 419 
 
 The examination proceeded : — 
 
 Q. Would the performance of service every day prevent your taking any other 
 duty ? — A. I do not perform daily duty; I have to preach once on the Sunday. 
 
 Q. Having the Sunday duty to perform at Dulwich, would that prevent your 
 being the incumbent of any other parish ? — A. Undoubtedly. 
 
 Q. Who performs the daily duty i.—A. The second and third fellows. 
 
 Q. The fourth fellow should be the Schoolmaster I—A. Yes ; the fourth fellow is 
 now the organist. Ever since the foundation of the College, in consequence of the 
 non-appointment of six chanters, the fourth fellow has taken their place, and taught 
 the boys music. 
 
 Q. Who teaches the boys in the school ? — A. The second and third fellows. 
 
 Q. They never have done it, have they ? — A. Yes ; always, alternate weeks, ever 
 since I have been there, and very many years before. 
 
 Q. Have the second and third fellows regularly attended the school ? — A. Yes. 
 
 Q. How many hours per diem ? — A. From nine to two at least. Then I think 
 there comes the writing master. I think the schoolmaster generally considers that he 
 has done teaching our twelve boys at two o'clock. 
 
 Q. How long did you say that you had been at the CoUege ? — A. Sixteen years. 
 
 Mr. Howes was also asked in his first examination — 
 
 Q. 32. Is the scheme of the Commissioners generally approved of by the parishioners 
 and the inhabitants of Dulwich ? and replied — You have asked me rather an awkward 
 question : I should say, generally speaking, it is the case : but there are various 
 differences of opinion as to matters of detail. I should however be justified in saying, 
 speaking in general terms, that it is approved of. 
 
 Again, in the examination of Mr. Charles Druce, the steward and 
 solicitor of the College, the vdtness was asked — 
 
 Q. 607. Do you thoroughly understand the plan now before the Committee ? — 
 A. I believe so. 
 
 Q. 608. Is it generally approved of ? — A. I do not know what to say : A great 
 number of people consider it is a large inroad on the intentions of the Founder without 
 reference to the scheme itself. I do not know what is the general feeling of the 
 master, warden and fellows of the College, but they must obey the voice of Parlia- 
 ment. 
 
 Q. 609. Do you generally agree in that opinion ? — A. My opinion is that it is a 
 very large departure from the will of the Founder. 
 
 Q. 610. Do you conceive it beneficial or otherwise ? — A. Undoubtedly, I think 
 it is a very great improvement on the present management. 
 
 Q. 611. Should you wish any alteration to be made ? — A. Undoubtedly, as a 
 member of the College. 
 
 Q. 612. Be kind enough to point them out. — A. What alterations ? 
 
 Q. 613. In the scheme. — A. I have considered myself very much with the College, 
 and they thought it their duty to abstain, in the peculiar position they were in, from 
 expressing any opinion on the subject. They are most peculiarly placed. 
 
 It being thus clear that no one objected to the Bill in toto, the opposi- 
 tion resolved itself into an endeavour by the petitioning parties to obtain 
 
420 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 better terms and further advantages for their respective constituents than 
 the Bill as originally drafted gave them, and by the members of the College 
 to secure their retiring allowances, 
 
 Mr. Joseph Briscoe, a ratepayer of St. Luke's for thirty or thirty-five 
 years, who presented an independent petition from the ratepayers of that 
 parish, handed in the following summary of proposed alterations in the 
 Bill, as embracing all those suggested by them : — 
 
 1°. To select two governors from each of the parishes. 
 
 2°. To enlarge the proportions allotted to the eleemosynary branch of the charity, 
 thereby to accomplish more fully the benevolent designs of the Founder. 
 
 3°. To omit the clauses in reference to the new church and the incumbent's 
 residence, as not being needed for the purposes of the institution. 
 
 4°. To omit the whole arrangements for the upper school and boarding establish- 
 ment, as being inapplicable to tlie needy circumstances of the scholars : and as soon as 
 the educational funds will permit, to establish a superior day school in each of the 
 parishes interested for clothing and educating of 100 of the orphans and other needy 
 poor of the description set forth in the statutes of the Founder. 
 
 5°, To make a moderate provision for the maintenance of the destitute almspeople 
 (or members) in the several parishes, to repair their houses when needful, and increase 
 their number as soon as the funds will permit. 
 
 Mr. Briscoe was examined at great length in support of this petition. 
 In his evidence he laid great stress on the seventh statute, which 
 provides that the boys to be educated should be of the poorest. Mr. 
 Briscoe said — " M"' AUeyn provided for the poorest, first of all, orphans 
 " without representatives, without father or mother, helpless and destitute ; 
 " and in the next place, for want of these, for those whose parents 
 " received the weekly alms of the parish. It is evident that the poor were 
 " contemplated here. S' Luke's parish is a large and densely populated 
 " parish, with just the very persons, by thousands, of that kind, who come 
 " under the description that M' AUeyn has given of the recipients of the 
 " College ; and it grieves our minds when we see that the Bill proposes to 
 " give the benefit of his bequest to persons of another class and of a 
 " difi"erent description." 
 
 Next, he contended that the persons who would be benefited b}'' the 
 Bill as almspeople were not of the class contemplated by AUeyn. After 
 quoting the words of statute 10, he said, " It means that those who are the 
 " most indigent and have longest received the alms of the parish shall 
 " have the benefit, but the Bill is quite the reverse of that. . . . Now 
 " we feel aggrieved in our minds wlien we think that this Bill' is carryino- 
 " the benefit of this very wealthy charity to another class of individuals." ^ 
 
 He called attention to statute 113, ordering that the Master, Warden 
 and two of the Fellows should yearly in Easter week survey all the 
 
i8s7-] OBJECTIONS TO THE BILL. 431 
 
 lands and tenements belonging to the College, and see that they are duly 
 repaired, and complained that the almshouses founded by AUeyn had 
 never been so repaired by the College, and suggested that the eleemosynary 
 branch should be extended so as to provide for the repair and enlargement 
 of the existing almshouses. 
 
 After urging that two governors should be elected by each of the 
 parishes instead of one provided by the Bill, he proceeded to object to the 
 retiring allowances to the existing officers as too high. He said, " It has 
 " occurred to us it would be an economical mode to keep the services of 
 " the present officers till vacancies occurred, and when vacancies so occur, 
 " to appoint the new officers contemplated by the present Bill. It would 
 " save the salaries of all the new officers until these old ones went out of 
 " office. It is true that the improvements contemplated by this Bill are 
 " very extensive, but they are not likely to be done for a considerable 
 " time ; it must be a work of progress. I think that many of the improve- 
 " ments may be carried out by the services of the present officers ; and 
 " that will apply also to section 17, respecting the appointment of a new 
 " warden. While we have a warden in the establishment, it appears to us 
 " reasonable to save the salary that would be paid to the new warden, by 
 " retaining the services of the old one." 
 
 Mr. Briscoe dissented in toto from the scheme for the building of the 
 new church, considering that the chapel furnished all the accommodation 
 required. He added, " If at any future time Dulwich should increase in its 
 " population and require further church accommodation, it does not appear 
 "to us to be quite fair to ca,ll on the charity to supply that , necessity, 
 " because M" Alleyn, I think, contemplated the worship of the inmates of 
 " the College to be carried on within the CoUege ; he did not contemplate 
 " the inmates, namely the poor brethren, sisters and scholars, to go to 
 " any distant place of worship ; but he contemplated that they should 
 " worship within the walls of his own establishment, and the chapel affiards 
 " accommodation in the College for all who are likely to attend it for 
 " a considerable time. Up to the present time there has been ample 
 " accommodation for that number, and many of the inhabitants of Dulwich 
 " too ; and if any further want should arise at any future time, it occurs to 
 "us it would hardly be fair to use the charity money ; to take it away 
 " from these very poor people who ought to be recipients of it, and should 
 " have all the benefit of the charity. The new church will occasion a very 
 " heavy outlay, when you estimate the value of the ground, and the 
 " different sums that each of these objects will cost. The total will run 
 " away with the best part of £20,000. The value of the land must be 
 " something considerable, with the different approaches, inclosures and so 
 " on. The minimum of the building is £4000, and the maximum will be 
 
422 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 " either £6000 or £7000. The minimum of the incumbent's residence is 
 " £1000, which will most likely reach £1500 or £1600 for aught I know, 
 " id' all probability, one way or another. It seems to us not fair to 
 " appropriate the funds of the property for this purpose, and especially 
 " to mortgage any of the property for this purpose seems to us most 
 " unjustifiable." 
 
 Mr. Briscoe next examined article 117 of the statutes, which he dissected 
 with a view to show that the intention of the Founder was that the income 
 of the College should be divided equally between the educational and the 
 eleemosynary branches of the charity, instead of in the proportion of three- 
 fourths and one-fourth as proposed by the Bill. He suggested that instead 
 of the upper school and boarding establishment contemplated there should 
 be only the lower school at Dulwich, where 100 boys should be clothed, 
 maintained, and educated, at the entire expense of the charity ; and that 
 besides this school there should be' in each of the three parishes of St. 
 Luke's, St. Botolph's, and St. Saviour's, a day school where 100 boys 
 should be clothed and educated, and which would be preparatory to the 
 Dulwich school, where the boys who made progress in their learning could 
 be sent when vacancies occurred. Lastly, he urged that the number of 
 almspeople should be at the first 36 instead of 24, on the ground that as 
 the charity then paid £150 per annum to each of 12 recipients, it should at 
 once pay 20s. a week, or say £50 per annum, to each of 36. 
 
 Mr. John Parson, the vestry clerk of St. Luke's, who represented a com- 
 mittee of the vestry which had been appointed to watch the progress of the 
 matter, with full authority to deal with it as they thought best for the interests 
 of the parish, stated that he had attended the Charity Commissioners on all 
 occasions, and that the scheme propounded by them met with the appro- 
 bation of his committee, except as regards the number of governors to be 
 elected. He added that the parishes of St. Botolph's and St. Saviour's con- 
 curred in that opinion, and that the parish of Camberwell went with them 
 to just the same extent, but that not being assistants they did not combine 
 in the petition. He objected, however, to the clauses authorizing the 
 erection of a church and a clergyman's residence, which were not con- 
 templated by the Charity Commissioners' scheme. On this point he said, 
 " We were satisfied with the scheme of the Charity Commissioners for the 
 " enlargement of the chapel ; that was reasonable, and that it should be 
 " rebuilt on the college ground when necessity requires it ; but to erect a 
 " large church &c., we object. Camberwell is a rich district, and if they 
 " want further church accommodation they should be left to obtain it for 
 " themselves." 
 
 As to the scheme of Mr. Briscoe for the establishment of free day 
 schools m the parishes, he said, " The objections are these : The Parish of 
 
1 8s 7-] EVIDENCE BEFORE THE SELECT COMMITTEE. 423 
 
 " S* Botolph is in tlie city of London, and I have no doubt you wUl 
 " remember that in the city of London there is a school of great value, 
 " called the City of London school. They say to us. We do not want such 
 " a school in our parish, we can send our boys to the City of London 
 " school. And the parish of S' Saviours in like manner say, We have an 
 " exceeding good school in S' Olave, South wark, and besides that, there is 
 " the Newcomen school ; we do not therefore require a separate school. It 
 " is only therefore wanted for S* Luke's. Now finding those two parishes 
 " were against us upon that point of having local schools, and finding also, 
 " however desirable it might be for us, that it had not been provided for 
 " by the Founder, that is, any separate establishment from Dulwich, we 
 " thought it wise, an equivalent being given to us, which is provided for 
 " by the scheme, to abandon that, which, no doubt, would be a very 
 " desirable thing for the parish of S' Luke's to have. M'' Briscoe says, 
 " that £500 a year will maintain 100 boys ; no doubt it wiU at the 
 " national school, but we have several of them ; there is hardly a religious 
 " denomination in the parish but has a school : I daresay there are 6000 
 " or 7000 boys educated at this time in the various schools in our parish ; 
 " we do not want another such school ; what we want is a school of a better 
 " sort, and our object would be to have a school something like the City of 
 " London School." 
 
 Mr. Parson thought that the capitation fee would not act as a virtual 
 exclusion. He would not select paupers from the parish to go to such a 
 school. It had never been done, although such were the words of the 
 Founder, such boys deriving little or no value from the education they 
 received. He had known the child of a clergyman asked to be sent to 
 Dulwich, and also the son of a deceased medical ofiicer, and had no doubt 
 that, if the schools were better arranged, applications would be made from 
 most respectable tradesmen and decayed professional men to have their 
 children sent there, just as is the case with the Blue Coat School. 
 
 He did not think that the children of the upper classes would be sent to 
 school at Dulwich, but that the children of the middle classes would go into 
 the upper school, and that boys educated at the national schools, who 
 exhibited considerable talent, would be sent to the lower school, where by 
 the scheme they would be ehgible, if they manifested ability and talent, to 
 be transferred from the lower to the upper school. Finally, he said, that 
 with the exception of the church clauses, also the clause about the number 
 of governors and the appointment of a Warden, which was introduced in 
 the House of Lords, he conceived the scheme would be fraught with 
 important public advantages to the three parishes. 
 
 Mr. Andrew Knox, a tradesman in Camberwell, urged upon the Com- 
 mittee that there was in that parish no means for any tradesman with a 
 
424 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 family of boys to give them education without descending to national 
 schools or cheap boarding schools, and objected to the clause which gave to 
 the parishes of St. Luke's, St. Botolph's, and St. Saviour's twice as many 
 foundation scholarships at the lower school as were allotted to St. Giles. 
 
 Mr. Herbert Sturmy, vestry clerk of St. Saviour's, thought that there 
 was at the time ample provision for the education of the poor children of 
 his parish and their clothing, and looking upon struggling tradesmen as 
 much poorer than persons who receive relief, considered that the scheme 
 as it then stood made a suflicient provision for the poor. He expressed 
 objections to the retiring allowances to the members of the College as too 
 high, but was of opinion that, with some modification, the scheme before 
 the Committee was fraught with great benefit to his parish. 
 
 Mr. Thomas Hall, churchwarden of St. Botolph's, said that his parish 
 was amply supplied with education for the lower classes, and that he was 
 quite satisfied that the parish would be pleased and gratified with the 
 scheme of the Commissioners, the point of the governing body being 
 modified. He distinguished between the scheme and the present Bill, and 
 said that the whole committee of the three parishes, with the exception of 
 some few from St. Luke's, concurred in the scheme. 
 
 Mr. Robert Farmer, formerly one of the poor scholars, who with two 
 others had presented a petition, was heard, and claimed that they had an 
 interest under statute 82, which gives poor scholars a preference to fellow- 
 ships if graduates, and to servants' places if not. He described the education 
 given in his time under Mr. Johnson and Mr. Vane as very insufficient, the 
 Master and Usher being but seldom present : though he admitted that to 
 his own knowledge the education had very much improved since the time 
 he was there. 
 
 Mr. Venables then addressed the Committee on behalf of the Society ; 
 and Mr. Charles Druce, the steward of the College, was examined. He 
 produced the accounts and balance-sheets of the College. He explained 
 the method of arriving at the dividend, which he stated liad been a subject 
 of special inquiry, and declared to be not otherwise than right whether 
 convenient or not ; and generally defended the manao-ement. 
 
 The result of the Committee's deliberation was practically to restore the 
 Bill to the shape it originally bore when introduced by the Charity Com- 
 missioners, with but few alterations. The number of governors was increased 
 to nineteen, and two were allotted to each of the four parishes, thus ceding 
 one of the points urged by Mr. Briscoe, and the main contention of the 
 committee ol the united vestries. 
 
 A proposal to restrict the governors to members of the Church of 
 England was defeated by eight votes to three ; and several amendments 
 intended to vest the nomination of the non-elective governors in the 
 
1 85 7-] DISSOLUTION OF THE CORPORATION. 425 
 
 Committee of Council on Education, in the Poor Law Board, and in the 
 Archbishop of Canterbury, were considered. The result was that the 
 Committee decided that the president and vice-president of the Committee 
 of Council on Education for the time being and the president of the Poor 
 Law Board for the time being should be three of the non-elective governors ; 
 and that of the remainder three should be appointed by the Archbishop of 
 Canterbury, and the rest by the Court of Chancery. The House, however, 
 restored the clause to its original form, giving the whole of the nominations 
 to the Court of Chancery. 
 
 The Committee also reduced the pension of the Master from £1015 to 
 £760, but did not interfere with the other pensions. This amendment was 
 also rejected by the House, the amount of the pensions being finally 
 settled according to the original scheme. 
 
 The clauses relating to the appointment of a Warden, which 
 had been introduced by the House of Lords, were unanimously 
 negatived, as were also the paragraphs relating to the proposed new 
 church. 
 
 The clauses which provided for the establishment of a boarding- 
 school were negatived, though that providing for the admission of day- 
 boarders was retained ; and the power allowed to the head master 
 and second master to receive private boarders, which was in the scheme, 
 but removed by the House of Lords, was also disallowed by a vote of 
 five to four. 
 
 An attempt was made to restrict the foundation scholarships to pauper 
 children, but this was defeated by six votes to three. 
 
 The Bill amended as above mentioned received the Royal assent on 
 the 25th August 1857; and on the 31st December in that year "the 
 " corporation of the Master, Warden, four fellows, six poor brethren, six 
 " poor sisters, and twelve poor scholars of the College of God's Gift in 
 " Dulwich," which had existed since the 13th September 1619, was 
 dissolved. 
 
 The moneys in the hands of the Warden on the general account at 
 the date of the dissolution amounted to £12,294. 16s. 6d. Of this, 
 £294. 16s. 6d. was transferred to the building fund, leaving £12,000 ; 
 and the Master, Warden, and Fellows received the amounts due to them for 
 the proportion of the year from the 4th March to the 31st December 
 1857, on the hypothesis of a dividend of £12,000. This amounted 
 to £1872. 17s. Id., leaving a balance of £10,127. 2s. lid. Of this, 
 £5699. 13s. was represented by £5200. Is. 3d. consols, and £2000 
 new 3 per cents., then worth about £7000; the cash balance £4427. 
 9s. lid., together with £1125. 10s. 9d. belonging to the building 
 fund, and £164. 8s., the remainder of the poor brethren and sisters' last 
 
 VOL. I. 3 H 
 
426 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 dividend, making a total of £5717. 8s. Sd., was handed to the new 
 governors.'^'' 
 
 Thus quietly disappeared the old Foundation of Edward Alleyn ; an 
 institution which he had raised with such care, and hedged about with so 
 many regulations, in the hope, as he so often says, that it would last 
 "for ever." This hope might not have been disappointed had the Master, 
 Warden, and Fellows, especially in later times, realized the necessity to 
 reform, themselves from within ; but, with the exception of the miserable 
 Grammar School built under pressure in 1842, nothing of the sort was 
 attempted. Yet, many of the Corporation were able and zealous men, 
 willing to do their duty, had they not been hampered by the vis inertioe of 
 their older colleagues, who invented customs in order to give themselves as 
 much leisure as possible. 
 
 As an example may be cited the absurd method of changing week by 
 week the teachers of the scholars, a plan which, no doubt, gave the school- 
 master and usher or second and third Fellows plenty of holidays, but 
 certainly was so obvious a departure from their plain duty, that at last the 
 former scholars raised their voices loudly against the whole system, and 
 largely helped to hasten the change which now took place. 
 
 Enforced celibacy also caused the younger men to look upon their places 
 in the College as mere stepping-stones to something better, and so induced 
 a more ready acquiescence in the lazy habits of the place. 
 
 But it may be fairly asserted that if the pious Founder could come to 
 life again now, his kind heart would rejoice greatly to see the present 
 schools and playing fields at Dulwich, with their thousand or more boys 
 enjoying the fruits of his bounty, even though his statutes and ordinances 
 are set at naught. 
 
 * Witt money received by the old Corporation for land taken by the Crystal Palace, tbe Knight's 
 Hill property, 59 a. 2 r. 20 p., was purchased in 1859 for £13,000 from the devisees of Mr. Charles 
 Ranken. This was part of the estate of Lord Thurlow (died 1806), and was bought from his heirs 
 by Mr. Ranken in 1846. From exchange, sales to railways, etc., the area of this property is now 
 52 a. 2 r. 27 p. >. sf j 
 
i6i9-i8s7.] 
 
 [ 427 ] 
 
 CHAPTEK XVI. 
 
 THE SOCIAIi ASPECT OP DTJLWICH COLLEGE. 
 
 In this chapter will be found (1) a list of all the Masters, Wardens, and 
 Fellows from the foundation to 1857, with dates of their academical 
 degrees where known ; (2) a description of the mode of electing the 
 members ; (3) some particulars as to the habits and customs of the College ; 
 (4) a notice of sundry charities connected with the College and hamlet. 
 Some few particulars have been already given, but are repeated here to 
 render the account complete. 
 
 A LIST OF THE MASTERS AND WARDENS OF DULWICH COLLEGE, 1619-1857. 
 
 
 Mabiebs. 
 
 
 
 
 Wabdens. 
 
 Elected. 
 
 
 
 
 Elected. 
 
 
 
 1619. Sept. 13. 
 
 Thomas Alleyn. 
 
 Died 
 
 27 Mch. 1G31. 
 
 1619. Sept. 13. 
 
 Matthias AUeyn. 
 
 Became Master 28 Mch. 1631. 
 
 1631. Moh. 28. 
 
 Matthias Alleyn.* 
 
 Died 
 
 9 AprU 1642. 
 
 1631. AprU 29. 
 
 Thomas Alleyn. 
 
 Became Master 9 AprU 1642. 
 
 1642. April 15. 
 
 Thomas Alleyn. 
 
 Died 
 
 15 Moh. 1668. 
 
 1642. May 16. 
 
 Ralph Alleyn.- 
 
 Became Master 15 Mch. 1668. 
 
 1668. Mch. 15. 
 
 Kalph AUeyn.* 
 
 Died 
 
 24 Jan. 1677. 
 
 1668. AprU 5. 
 
 Jolm Alleyn, 
 D.C.L. 
 
 Became Master 25 Jan. 1677. 
 
 1677. Jan. 25. 
 
 John Alleyn, 
 D.O.L.* 
 
 Died 
 
 25 Mch. 1686. 
 
 1677. Feb. XL 
 1680. July 5. 
 
 Elias Alleyn. 
 Richard Alleyn. 
 
 Election voided 17 June 1680. 
 Became Master 25 Moh. 1686. 
 
 1686. Mob. 25. 
 
 Richard AUeyn.* 
 
 Died 
 
 28 June 1690. 
 
 1686. AprU 12. 
 
 John AUeyn. 
 
 Became Master 28 June 1690. 
 
 1690. June 28. 
 
 John Alleyn.* 
 
 Died 
 
 4 May 1712. 
 
 1690. July 20. 
 
 Thomas AUeyn. 
 
 Became Master 5 May 1712. 
 
 1712. May 5. 
 
 Thomas Alleyn.* 
 
 Died 
 
 2 Sept. 1721. 
 
 1712. May 26. 
 
 James AUeyn. t 
 
 Became Master 3 Sept. 1721. 
 
 1721. Sept. 3. 
 
 James Allen.* f 
 
 Died 
 
 28 Oct. 1746. 
 
 1721. Oct. 1. 
 1723. Nov. 18. 
 1731. July 26. 
 1735. May 26. 
 1740. Nov. 26. 
 1745. Feb. 25. 
 
 William AUen. 
 John AUen.* 
 WiUiam AUen. 
 Thomas Alien. 
 Henry AUen.* 
 Joseph Allen. 
 
 Died 27 Oct. 1723. 
 Died 5 July 1731. 
 Died 8 May 1735. 
 Resigned 11 Oct. 1740. 
 Died 8 Feb. 1745. 
 Became Master 28 Oct. 1746. 
 
 1746. Oct. 28. 
 
 Joseph Allen. 
 
 Resigned 21 June 1775. 
 
 1746. Nov. 17. 
 
 James Allen, 
 
 Died 24 June 1752. 
 
 
 
 
 
 1752. July 13. 
 
 Thomas AUen. 
 
 Became Master 21 June 1775. 
 
 1775. June 21. 
 
 Thomas Allen. 
 
 Died 
 
 20 July 1805. 
 
 1775. July 10. 
 
 William AUen. 
 
 Became Master 20 July 1805. 
 
 1805. July 20. 
 
 WiUiam Allen. 
 
 Died 
 
 13 April 1811. 
 
 1805. Aug. 5. 
 
 Lancelot Baugh 
 AUen. 
 
 Became Master 14 April 1811. 
 
 181L April 14. 
 
 Lancelot Baugh 
 
 
 
 1811. April 29. 
 
 John AUen.^ 
 
 Became Master 5 May 1820. 
 
 
 Allen. 
 
 Resigned 5 May 1820. 
 
 
 
 
 1820. May 5. 
 
 John Allen, t 
 
 Died 
 
 10 AprU 1843. 
 
 1820. May 22. 
 1842. Jan. 17. 
 
 Jeffrys Thomas 
 
 AUen. 
 George John AUen. 
 
 Died 27 Dec. 1841. 
 Became Master 10 April 1843. 
 
 1843. April 11. 
 
 George John Alleii 
 
 L. 
 
 ' 
 
 1843. May 1. 
 1851. Mch. 31. 
 
 John Gay Newton 
 
 AUeyne. 
 Richard WiUiam 
 
 Allen. 
 
 Resigned 10 Mch. 185L 
 
 • Biiried in the vaults of the CoUege ChapeL _ .,,,„,,.,, ,„,.,,,. 
 
 t James AUeyn signed his name so whilst Warden ; but after his succession to the Mastership he dropped the "y, and signed 
 " James AUen." The Wardens and Masters thereafter aU signed themselves "AUen," except John G. Newton AUeyne, Warden, 
 1843-5L 
 
 t For notice of John Allen see vol. ii. 
 
42S 
 
 HISTORY OF DULWICII COLLEGE. 
 
 [a.d. 
 
 A LIST OF THE FELLOWS OF 
 
 With Bates of the Elections and Vacations of their Fellowships, and 
 
 PllEACnERS. 
 
 Elected. 
 1616. Aug. 31. Cornelius Lymer. Left 30 Sept. 1617. 
 
 1618. Sept. 29. Samuel Wilson. 
 1C20. Sept. 28. Robert Vance. 
 1621. Deo. 24. John Gifford. 
 
 Left 28 Sept. 1620. 
 Left 24 Dec. 1621. 
 Left 28 Sept. 1623. 
 
 SOHOOLMASTEKS. 
 
 Elected. 
 
 1617. June 20. Edward Young. 
 
 1618. Sept. 29. John Harrison. 
 1620. Sept. 28. Martin Symonds. 
 
 Left 29 Sept. 1618. 
 Left 28 Sept. 1620. 
 Left 28 Sept. 1623. 
 
 1623. Sept. 31. 'Williani George. 
 1626. Aug. 25. Joseph Eeding. 
 
 1628. Sept. Robert "Wells. 
 
 1629. Dec. 10. Matthias Turner. 
 
 1630. June 18. John Blemell. 
 
 1632. June 25. David Fletcher. 
 
 1635. Jan. 30. Simon Mace. 
 
 1639. July 11. Francis Hooke. 
 
 1644. June 1. John Croft. 
 
 Left 1 July 1624. 
 Left 4 May 1628. 
 
 Expelled 1 Nov. 1629. 
 Left 15 May 1632. 
 
 1624. Mch. 25. 
 1627. Mch. 18. 
 
 1630. Feb. 19. 
 
 1631. May 9. 
 
 1632. Nov. 7. 
 1638. Oct. 4. 
 
 Left 23 June 1645. 1644. June 1. 
 
 (By virtue of an order from the Committee for Plundered Ministers. ) 
 1645. Aug. 2. Stephen Street. Left 19 Mch. 1646. 1645. Aug. 13. 
 
 ( By virtue of orders from the Committee for Plundered Ministers. ) 
 1658. Mch. 25. 'William Carter. Resigned 11 May 1670. 1658. Mch. 25. 
 John Harrison. Left 26 Dec. 1660. 
 
 Left 12 Aug. 1634. 
 Expelled 30 May 1639. 
 
 Left 3 May 1644. 
 
 16C1. Jan. 1. Henry Byarde. Resigned 14 Apl. 1665. 
 
 1661. Feb. 21. 
 
 1662. Jnly28. 
 
 1663. Fob. 20. 
 
 Matthew Sweetser. 
 Charles Faldo. 
 
 John VieU. 
 Thomas Frith. 
 
 Samuel Porter. 
 
 William Jones. 
 
 James Mead. 
 Edmund Colby. 
 John Bradford. 
 
 John Michaelaon. 
 
 Saml. Atwood. 
 Francis Brockett.^ 
 
 Left 7 Feb. 1627. 
 Left 19 Feb. 1630. 
 
 Left 21 April 1631. 
 Left 7 Nov. 1632. 
 
 Left 4 May 1644. 
 Left 18 Oct. 1645. 
 
 Left S July 1662. 
 
 Resigned 26 Jan. 1C63. 
 Died 16 Sept. 1680. 
 
 1670. June 20. George AUeyn. 
 1672. May 16. Robert Bond.* 
 1677. July 5. James Alleyn. 
 
 1679. May 22. Joseph Church.' 
 
 1680. April 24. John Mawde.^ 
 
 Resigned 1 Nov. 1670. 
 
 Resigned 31 May 1677. 
 
 Resigned 11 Feb. 1679. 
 
 Resigned 5 Mch. 1680. 
 Resigned 1 June 1686, 
 
 1681. July 14. John Blackburne.* Buried 19 Sept. 1682. 
 
 1682. Oct. 26. William Lux.' Resigned 1 Mch. 1690. 
 
 1G89. June 1. Bonjm. Bynes.' Expelled 15 July 1690. 
 1690. Aug. 21. Richard Prichard." Expelled 23 Jan. 1696. 1690. Mch. 20. Alexr. Alcock. 
 
 1691. Nov. 5. Thos. Baker." 
 
 Resigned 26 Sept. 1691. 
 Promoted 1696. 
 
 * Buried in the vaults in the College Chapel. 
 
 1 Francis Brockett, Qaeen's Coll., Cambridge, B.A. 1601, •■ Robfc. Bond, admitted by Archbishop Sheldon's letters, 
 M.A. 1665. Trin. Coll., Cambridge, B.A. 1G84, M.A. 1668. 
 
 2 John Harper, St. John's Coll., Cambridge, M. A. 1C62. ^ Joseph Church, Catherine Hall, Cambridge, E.iV. 1C73, 
 s First marriage in the College Chapel. M.A. 1677. 
 
i6i6-i857-] 
 
 LIST OF FELLO WS. 
 
 429 
 
 DULWICH COLLEGE, 1616-1857, 
 Notes as to thdr Degrees at the Universities of Oxford and Carribridge. 
 
 Elected. 
 
 ITSHERS. 
 
 Elected. 
 
 Oeganists. 
 
 1617. Dec. 20. Jolin Harrison. Promoted 29 Sept. 1618. 
 
 KIS. Sept. 29. Martin Symonds. Promoted 28 Sept. 1020. 1618. Moh. 26. Tliomas Hopkins. 
 
 1620. Sept. 28. Peter Symonds. Left 24 Dec. 1621. 
 
 1621. Dec. 24. Christopher 
 
 Eeuthen. Left 28 Sept. 1623. 
 
 1622. Sept. 28. Benjn. Cosyas. 
 
 1625. Jan. 17. Walter Gibbs. 
 
 1626. Teb. 22. Charles Faldo. Promoted 18 Mch. 1627. 1626. Nov. 8. Henry Dell. 
 
 1627. Mch. 18. Thomas Dickinson. Died 1628. 1627. Sept. 1. John Silver. 
 
 Left Sept. 1622. 
 
 Left 16 June 1624. 
 
 Left 3 May 1626. 
 Left 3 Sept. 1627. 
 Left 26 Mch. 1631. 
 
 1638. April. JohnVieU. 
 
 1030. Feb. 19. Thos. Blemell. 
 
 1631. July 30. Samuel Porter. 
 
 1632. Nov. 7. "William Sutton. 
 
 1639. May 17. Cadwalader 
 Roberts. 
 1643. Mch. 28. James Mead. 
 
 Resigned 7 Oct. 
 
 Married 9 Oct. 1634. 
 
 Promoted 19 Feb. 1630. 
 
 Promoted 7 Nov. 1632. 1C31. Sept. 24. John Alleyn." 
 
 1634. Dec. 31. WilUam Holmes. Loft 17 July 1643. 
 
 ! Expelled for absence 
 4 Mch. 1643. 
 Promoted 1 June 1644. 
 
 1658. Mch. 25. Henry Tilley. Left 27 Deo. 1659. 
 
 1659 Dec. 27. John Michaelson. Promoted 21 Feb. 1661. 
 
 1661. Jan. 16. Thomas Peere. Resigned 21 Feb. 1661. 
 
 1661. Feb. 21. Samuel Paddy. Left 17 May 1662. 
 
 1662. July 28. Francis Brockett.' Promoted 20 Feb. 1663. 
 
 1663. Feb. 20. John Harper.^ Resigned 26 Mch. 1660. 
 1666. July 7. Roger Daily. Resigned 25 Mch. 1667. 
 1668. Mch. 2. William Usborn.* Died 23 Aug. 1677. 
 
 1677. Oct. 2. John Blackstone. Resigned 16 May 1690. 
 
 1669. Oct. 25. Francis Forcer." 
 
 1671. Oct. 21. Albertus Bryne.'i^ 
 
 1676. June 24, Samuel Pierson.^' 
 
 1678. May 1. Charles Gan'away. 
 
 Resigned 26 Nov. 1671. 
 Resigned 7 Sept. 1674. 
 Resigned 15 Aug. 1677. 
 Expelled 23 Jan. 1696. 
 
 1690. July 15. Jacob Lewis. 
 
 ' John Mawde, Sidney Sussex Coll., Cambridge, B.A. 1686. 
 ' WilUam Lux, BalUol Coll., Oxford, B.A. 1678, M.A. 1682.^ 
 ' Benjm. Bynes, a poor scholar sent to Cambridge, Queen's 
 Coll., B.A. 1679, M.A. 1683. 
 • Richard Priuhard, Jesus Coll. , Oxford, E. A. 1080, M. A. 1683. 
 
 " Thos. Baker, Trin. Coll., Cambridge, B.A. 1681, M.A. 1690. 
 '' Francis Forcer, admitted by Archbishop Sheldon's letters. 
 ^ Albertus Bryne, admitted by Archbishop Sheldon's letters. 
 ^^ Samuel Piorson, admitted by Archbishop Sheldon's letters. 
 
430 
 
 Elected. 
 
 1696. 
 
 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. 
 A List of the Fellows of Dulwich Q,qvl-&g^— continued. 
 
 Peeachees. Schoolmastbbs. 
 
 [a.d. 
 
 1701. Dec. 3. Job Brookett. * i" Died 2 Jan. 1705. 
 1706. Aug. 3. JosephBiHingtou." Died 1724. 
 
 Elected. 
 
 Thomas Bakor.i Resigned 1 April 1701. 1696. 
 (Removed by Visitor's letters.) 
 
 John Rhodes.* = Died 19 Dec. 1701. 
 
 1702. Jan. 21. Joseph Billington.'^ Promoted 3 Aug. 1706. 
 1706. Oct. 6. James Hume.+ Resigned 3 July 1730. 
 
 1724. Mch. 10. Robert Bolton.' Resigned 1 May 1725. 
 
 1725. June 4. Richard Done." Resigned 25 June 1733. 
 
 1730. July 25. John Hilary.* 
 
 Promotedll July 1741. 
 
 1733. Aug. 2. Richard King." Resigned 2 April 1738. 
 
 (MaiTied in Chapel, June 20, 1738.) 
 1738. April 28. George Thorpe." Died 7 June 1741. 
 
 1741. July 11. John Hilary.* 8 Died 18 Mch. 1766. 1741. Aug. 14. Thos. Gregory. 
 
 Resigned 9 April 1752. 
 
 1752. April 21. William Swanne.* " Promoted 18 Mch.1766. 
 
 1766 Mch. 28. Wm. Swanne.*'' Died 21 Feb. 1785. 
 
 1766. May 5. Wm. Higgs Barker. Resigned 23 Sept. 1767. 
 
 1767. Oct. 26. Thos. Williams. Died 14 Oct. 1781. 
 
 1785. Mch. 25. Thos. Jenyns 
 
 Smith.* " Died 11 June 1830. 
 
 1781. Nov. 5. Nevile Stow." Died 17 Feb. 1810. 
 
 1810. Mch. 23. Peter Julian. " 
 1812. Sept. 4. Robert Corry.=' 
 1814. Jan. 8. Edw. Benj. John- 
 son."' 
 
 Died 14 Aug. 1812. 
 Resigned 30 Nov. 1813. 
 
 Resigned 5 Mch. 1818. 
 
 • Buried in the vaults of the College Chapel. 
 
 1 Thos. Baker, Trin. Coll., Cambridge, B.A. 1681, M.A 1696. 
 
 - Thos. Oliver, Christ's Coll., Cambridge, B.A. 1686. 
 
 3 John Rhodes, St. John's ColL, Oxford, B.C.L. 1670, 
 admitted by Archbishop Sancroft's letters. 
 
 * John Dacie, admitted by Archbishop Tillotson's letters, 
 Pembroke CoU., Cambridge, B.A 1661, M.A. 1665. 
 
 ' Joseph BiUington, admitted by Archbishop Tenison's 
 letters, Christ's CoU., Cambridge, B.A. 1697, M.A. 1706. 
 
 " Rupert Sawyer, admitted by Archbishop Tenison's letters, 
 St. John's CoU., Cambridge, B.A. 1701. 
 
 ' John Beresford, Sidney Sussex CoU., Cambridge, B.A. 1700. 
 
 6 John HUary, Trinity CoU., Cambridge, B.A 1710, M.A. 
 1741. 
 
 \ For notice of the Rev. James Hume, see vol. iL 
 
 8 Robert Bolton, Wadham CoU. , Oxford, E. A. 1715, M. A. 1718. 
 
 1° Job Brockett, admitted by Archbishop's order, bequeathed 
 books to the College library (see MSS. VI. 44). 
 
 "Richard Done, Lincoln CoU., Oxford, B.A 1717: New 
 Coll., M.A. 1720. 
 
 12 Richard Hart, Queen's CoU., Oxford, B.A. 1720 ; admitted 
 by Arohbiahop Wake's letters. 
 
 " RicbardKing, St. John's CoU., Oxford, B.A. 1727, M.A. 1731. 
 
 " George Thorpe, Queen's CoU., Cambridge, B.A. 1729, 
 M.A. 1733. 
 
 "■William Tutty, Emmanuel CoU., Cambridge, B.A. 173G, 
 M.A. 1741. 
 
 " Thos. Waterhouse, Now CoUoge, Oxford, B.A. 1742. 
 
i6i6-i8s7.] 
 
 LIST OF FELLO WS. 
 
 431 
 
 Elected. 
 1692. Sept. 2. Thos. Oliver.* =i 
 1692. Deo. 13. John Ehodes.' 
 
 A List of the Fellows of Dulwich College — continued. 
 
 TTSHEUS. Oeganists. 
 
 Elected. 
 John Heading, " organist above 2 years, yet never admitted ! " 
 
 Died 28 Sept. 1692. 
 Promoted 1696. 
 
 1697. Moh. 16. John Dacie.*" 
 
 1702. Mch. 11. Enpert Sawyer.*^ Buried 24 May 1705. 
 
 1698. James Henstringe. 
 
 1703. Mch. 11. William Howell. 
 
 1709. Mch. 25. John Beresford.' (Not in register 1712.) 
 
 1714. Mch. 4. JohnHilary.8 Promoted 25 July ] 730. 1714. Moh. 4. Thos. Clark. 
 
 1715. Nov. 9. Thos. Powell.* 
 
 1730. Aug. 28. Eushworth. (Declined the Oath.) 
 
 1731. July 24. Eichd. Hart.* " Died 12 Jan. 1740. 
 
 1727. Oct. 28. David Oheriton. 
 
 1731. Dec. 20. Saml. Tanfield 
 Hawkes. * 
 
 Died 11 Oct. 1713. 
 
 Died 19 Sept. 1727. 
 Eesigned 3 Dec. 1731. 
 
 Died 18 Dec. 1762. 
 
 1740. Feb. 2. 
 
 1744. June 28. 
 
 1751. Aug. 2. 
 
 1751. Oct. 22. 
 
 1762. July 5. 
 
 1763. May 17. 
 1766. Jan. 16. 
 1766. Deo. 31. 
 
 1774. May 15. 
 
 1774. May 30. 
 
 1777. Jan. 9. 
 
 1781. Deo. 14. 
 
 1783. Feb. 19. 
 
 1785. AprU29. 
 
 1797. Mays. 
 
 1804. May 7. 
 
 1806. April 28. 
 
 1812. Sept. 4. 
 
 1814. Jan. 8. 
 
 WiUiamTutty." Eesigned 18 May 1744. 
 
 Thos. Water- 
 house.'^ 
 
 John Taylor 
 Lamb." 
 
 George Baker. '^ 
 
 Peter James.-" 
 John Wilder. 
 Hugh Panton. '' 
 Eichd. Taylor." 
 
 Eesigned 25 June 1751. 
 
 Eesigned 16 Sept. 1751. 
 Eesigned 29 May 1762. 
 
 Eesigned 6 April 1763. 
 Eesigned 16 Deo. 1765. 
 Eesigned 20 Nov. 1766. 
 Eesigned 24 April 1774. 
 
 Mark Holberry. (Never admitted.) 
 Nicholas Layton.'^' Eesigned 1 Dec. 1776. 
 Nevile Stow.^-* Promoted 5 Nov. 1781. 
 Hugh Panton.21 Eesigned 15 Jan. 1783. 
 
 Edw. Benj. John- 
 son.'^ 
 
 Eobt. Henry 
 Auber.»2 
 
 Promoted 8 Jan. 1814. 
 Eesigned 24 Jan. 1814. 
 
 1763. Jan. 10. Eichd. Randall. Resigned 2 April 1782. 
 
 Promoted 25 Mch. 1785. 
 
 Thos. Jenyns 
 
 Smith.* 25 
 John Newell Pud- 
 
 dioombe.=« Resigned 29 Mch. 1797. 
 
 Riohd. Marshall. =7 Resigned 7 April 1804. 
 Chas. Brent 
 
 Barry. ''^ Resigned 15 April 1806. 
 
 Robert Corry.^" Promoted 4 Sept. 1812. 
 
 1782. May 13. Eichd. Dowell.' 
 
 Died 25 Mch. 1816. 
 
 1' John Taylor Lamb, St. John's CoU., Cambridge, B.A. 
 1749. 
 
 " George Baker, Wadham Coll., Oxford, B.A. 1737. 
 
 '' William Swanne, formerly a poor scholar admitted with- 
 out lot, Christ Church CoU., Oxford, B.A. 1751, M.A. 1757. 
 
 2» Peter James, St. Peter's Coll., Cambridge, B.A. 1759, 
 M.A. 1766. 
 
 =1 Hugh Panton, St. John's Coll., Cambridge, LL.B. 1765. 
 
 22 Richard Taylor, Magdalen Coll., Oxford, B.A. 1765, 
 M.A. 1767. 
 
 =3 Nicholas Layton, Balliol CoU., Oxford, B.A. 1768, M.A. 
 1772. 
 
 =!■> NevUe Stow, Trin. CoU., Cambridge, B.A. 1759, M.A. 
 1706. 
 
 -' Thos. Jenyns Smith, Brasenose CoU., Oxford, B.A. 1780. 
 M.A. 1782. 
 
 25 John NeweU Puddicombe, Pembroke CoU., Cambridtre, 
 B.A. 1778, M.A. 1781. 
 
 2' Richard MarshaU, St. Alban's HaU, Oxford, B.A. 1796. 
 
 2S Chas. Brent Barry, Christ Church CoU., Oxford, B.A, 
 1791. 
 
 29 Robert Corry, Brasenose CoU., Oxford, B.A. 1791, M.A. 
 1794. 
 
 3» Peter JuUan, Jesus CoU., Oxford, B.A. 1790, M.A. 1792. 
 
 31 Edwd. Benj. Johnson, Oriel CoU., Oxford, B.A. 1798. 
 M.A. 1800. 
 
 '2 Robt. Henry Auber, Pembroke Coll., Cambridee, B.A. 
 1796. 
 
432 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. [a.d. 
 
 A List of the Fellows of Dulwich College— cowimifc^Z. 
 
 Pkeacheks. Sohoolmastees. 
 
 Elected. Elected. 
 
 1830. July 7. John Image.* Resigned 24 Mch. 1841. 
 
 1841. April 8. Charles Howes.^ 
 
 1818. Mch. 18. John Vane.' Resigned 1848. 
 
 1848. Aug. 10. ■William Fellowes." 
 
 1 John Lindsay, B.A., Trinity CoU., Dublin, admitted ad Closet to the Queen. He remained rector of 'Wrington until 
 fundem at Sidney Sussex Coll., Cambridge, 1811, M.A. 1812. 1871. 
 
 InstitutedVioarof Stanf ord-on- Avon, 1818 (patroness, Baroness ■" John Image, of Caius Coll., Cambridge, B.A. 1824, M.A. 
 
 Braye); also Vicar of Swinford, Leicestershire, in the same year, 1S27. After his resignation in 1841, he was admitted Vicar of 
 
 under the same patronage. He remained Vicar until 1875. Bodiam, near Eobertsbridge, Sussex, under the patronage of 
 
 2 Ozias Thurston Linley, Corpus Christi Coll., Oxford, B.A. Lady E. Thomas; value, £280; population, 439. In the clergy 
 1789. See account of him in vol. ii. list of 1844 he himself appears as patron ; and in that of 18D0 
 
 'John Vane was an acknowledged natural sou of the the patron is L. T. Cuhitt, Esq. He remained Vicar of Bodiam 
 
 Marquis of Londonderry. He was admitted B.A. of Trin. until 1851. 
 
 OoU., Cambridge, 1814 ; became fellow of Magdalene College ^ Robert George Suckling Browne, St. John's College, 
 
 and M.A. 1817. He was instituted in 1828 to the rectory of Cambridge, B.D. 1827; miirried, 1836, a daughter of Chas. 
 
 Wrington, Somersetshire, in the patronage of the Duke of Druce, the solicitor to the College. He appears in the clergy 
 
 Cleveland ; value, £6G0 and house ; population, 1620. He was list of 1841 as of Atwick, Bridlington, Yorkshire, without cure ; 
 
 Preacher at the Bolls, Chaplain and Deputy Clerk of the but in 1849 he was admitted vicar of that parish ; patron, the 
 
 Elections. — The statutes regarding tlie election of the Warden seem 
 to have been carefully observed. A formal notice of the vacancy was 
 duly sent to the three interested parishes, and in later days an advertise- 
 ment was sometimes also inserted in some of the London daily papers 
 {e.g. in the Times and Chronicle of the 26th July 1805). 
 
 On the occasion of the election on the 1st May 1843, the arrangements 
 were as follows, as evidenced by a paper in the handwriting of Mr. Druce, 
 the steward and solicitor : — • 
 
 In the Chapel. 
 
 The Side Door not to be opened. 
 
 No Person to be admitted in the Chapel above the Master's Pew. 
 
 The Master & Fellows sit in their own Pews. 
 
 The Assistants in the Pews on the right of the Altar. 
 
 The Candidates on the left. 
 
 The Prayees and a Sermon. 
 : Fellow and the Eev*. J. Vane 
 
 Any Assistant who may not have been sworn, is then sworn and admitted, standinc 
 
 The Master and Senior Fellow and the Eev*. J. Vane go withia the Rails of the 
 Altar. 
 
 before the Altar. 
 
i6i6-i8S7.] 
 
 LIST OF FELLOWS. 
 
 433 
 
 A List of the Fellows of Dulwich College — continued. 
 
 USHEKS. 
 
 Elected. 
 1814. July 25. John Lindsay.^ Eesigned June 1834. 
 
 1834. June 27. EoU. G. S. 
 
 Browne." Eesigned 1836. 
 
 1836. Oct. 27. John Eddy. Eesigned 3 Nov. 1836. 
 
 1836. Nov. 4. Wm. Lucas Chafy.' 
 
 Elected. 
 
 Organists. 
 
 1816. May 5. Ozias Thurston Lin- 
 ley.* 2 Died 6 Mch. 1831. 
 
 1831. April 15. EoM. Geo. Suckling 
 
 Browne.'' Promoted 17 June 1834. 
 
 1834. July 25. Edwd. Aug. Giraud.^ 
 
 * Buried in the vaults 
 
 Lord Chancellor ; value, £149 ; population, 300. He remained 
 vicar until 1867. 
 
 6 Edward Augustus Giraud, St. John's ColL, Cambridge, 
 B.A. 1822, JI.A. 1825. He was granted »n annuity of £466 per 
 annum by the Dulwich College Act of 1857, and was instituted, 
 1856, Bector of Stanningfield, Bury St. Edmund's ; patron, 
 G. I. Rokewood, Esq. ; value, £395 ; population, 320. He 
 remained rector until his death in 1873. 
 
 ' "William Lucas Ohafy, Sidney Sussex CoU., Cambridge, 
 B.A. 1829, M.A. 1832, was one of the Fellows at the dis- 
 establishment of the College in 1857, and received a pension of 
 £466 per annum. He resided at Bath without preferment 
 until he died in January 1878. Hia father was Master of 
 Sidney Sussex Coll. 1813-1843. 
 
 of the College Chapel. 
 
 8 Charles Howes, Trin. H.-vU, Cambridge, B.A. 1835, Fellow 
 of Clare Hall 1835, M.A. 1838, was the son of a minor canon of 
 Norwich. He was curate of Fordham, Cambridgeshire, when 
 elected Fellow of Dulwich College. He received a pension of 
 £500 per annum in 1857, and afterwards resided at the Close, 
 Norwich, without preferment, until his death in September 
 1880. 
 
 9 William Fellowes, St. John's ColL, Cambridge, B.A. 1845, 
 M.A. 1848. He was curate of Mantby from 1845 to 1848, when 
 he was elected Fellow of Dulwich College. At its dissolution 
 he received a pension of £500 per annum. He became curate 
 of Swainsthorpe, dio. Norwich, in 1861, and held that curacy 
 until 1865. Since then he has resided at Mangreen Hall, 
 Norwich, without cure. 
 
 In that case the Senior Fellow reads 
 
 Statute 41. Assistants duty, and 
 Statute 28. The Oath, 
 when the Assistant resumes his place. 
 The Senior Fellow then Eeads 
 
 Statute 1. Establishment of the College. 
 3 & 4. Qualification of Warden. 
 15 & 16. Manner of Election. 
 12. Drawing Lots. 
 Part of Injunction of 11 March 1819, as to Security. 
 Then each Elector is called by M' Druce to come & vote. The Master takes their votes. 
 Viz'. The Churchwardens of S* Lukes. 
 
 S* Saviours. 
 
 S' Botolph, Bishopsgate. 
 Eev* M"" Giraud. 
 Eev* M' Chafy. 
 Eev^ M' Vane. 
 Eev* M' Howes. 
 The Master then votes himself. 
 
 If the number of votes for any Candidate be equal the Master gives a Casting vote. 
 As each Assistant votes he retires to his seat. 
 The Fellows remain within the Altar. 
 
 The Master advances to the Eail and declares on whom the election has fallen. 
 The Candidates elected come to the Eail of the Communion Table. 
 
 VOL. L 3 ^ 
 
434 
 
 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. 
 
 Tlie Master opens the Balloting Box and submits the Eolls of Paper to the 
 Assistants. 
 
 The Master shakes the Box three times up and down and then opens it. 
 
 The Master holds the Box above the Heads of the two candidates. 
 
 The elder draws the first Lot. 
 
 The Master then declares pubKckly on whom the Lot of God's Gift has fallen. 
 
 The voting paper was in tabular form, with the name of each candidate 
 at the top of a column. The voters' names were at the side of the paper, 
 beginning with the six assistants, followed by the Fellows according to 
 seniority, the junior coming first. The last to vote was the Master. These 
 votes are recorded by a stroke of the pen given openly by each voter. The 
 two candidates with the largest number of votes were then solemnly 
 submitted to the ordeal of the "Lot," as described above. 
 
 That this modern election was not held in an essentially different 
 manner to those of times much anterior, is shown by the following record 
 of an election in lj'23, extracted from the weekly account book of that 
 period : — 
 
 William AUeyn, Warden, dyed Sunday 27'" of October 1723. The proclamation 
 was made on Sunday the S'^ of Nov' 1723. And the election was on Munday the 
 18'" of Nov' as follows. After service and sermon, all the electors went out of the 
 Chappel into the parlor : and called all the candidates in before them, one by one ; 
 and each of them wrote down their own names ; then all returned into the Chappel : 
 and a list of the Candidates names was laid on the table at the altar ; and M' Durn- 
 ford and M' Hanwell were appointed by the M'. to see that each Elector scratched for 
 two persons. Pirst the Churchwardens of Cripplegate scratched, then Southwarke, 
 then Bishopsgate, then the Organist, the Usher, the School Master, the Preacher, and 
 last of all the Master. And the number of votes or scratches were as follows : 
 
 7. George AUeyn brother to S' Clopton 
 7. John Alleyn of Holborn Distiller 
 4. Eobert Alleyn brother to the late Warden 
 4. Charles Alleyn Clerk to Innholders Hall 
 0. John Alleyn of London Woollen draper 
 0. W™. Alleyn of Cornhill Upholder . 
 
 George was born in Feb. 1687 and John in June 1688 so George drew first 
 the Blank Lott, so John was Warden and George rec*. 1'. 17. 11. which 
 amongst the old people, boys and servants : he did the same at last election. 
 
 The particulars of the earlier elections are no longer extant, but from 
 those of the last and present century it appears that the College party in 
 every case until 1851 (of which more hereafter) succeeded in puttintr their 
 two candidates at the top of the poll. On some occasions onFy five 
 a,ssistants recorded their votes {e.g. in 1820, when Mr. George Heath from 
 
 7 
 7 
 4 
 4 
 
 and drew 
 he gave 
 
FORMER OCCUPATIONS OF WARDENS. 433 
 
 St. Botolpli's abstained). Whether this was by accident or "arranged" 
 it is impossible now to say, but of course with the College party voting 
 compactly, as they almost always did (they did not in 1775), and the 
 Master having a casting or second vote, the decision could be forecast 
 in the College with certainty. 
 
 When all the six assistants did exercise their fiill rights they invariably 
 split their votes (except in 1851); sometimes, as in 1805, because there was 
 a candidate from St. Luke's and another from Bishopsgate, for each of 
 whom the respective assistants of these parishes voted. On other occasions 
 the splitting of the parochial votes seems almost like a random throwing 
 away of their pov/er. 
 
 As the qualifications required in a Warden beyond the name of Allen, 
 AUeyn, or AUeyne, and being unmarried, were only those of "respect- 
 " ability," it was natural that the candidates should represent all grades 
 of society. 
 
 In 1731 there competed, a dyer, a carrier, a carpenter, a grocer, a 
 peruke maker, a weaver, a doctor, two curates, and a captain. The grocer 
 and the captain drew lots, and the former, William Allen, was elected. 
 
 In 1745 the candidates were a timber merchant, a founder, a vintner, 
 a linen merchant, and a surgeon, when the surgeon, Joseph Allen, was 
 successful. 
 
 In 1746 there were two schoolmasters, a hosier, a malt factor, "August 
 " Allen " 3rd Troop of Horse, and again a peruke maker and a linen 
 draper. In this case John Allen, the "founder," who was a candidate on 
 the previous occasion, drew lots with James AUen, the malt factor, who was 
 the successful candidate. 
 
 In 1752, besides the trades previously mentioned, there were a cooper 
 and a staymaker. The same John Allen, who was a candidate at the two 
 last elections and lost the lot each time, again unsuccessfully drew lots, 
 Thomas Allen, a linen draper, being elected. 
 
 In 1775 the candidates included a grandson of a former Warden, a 
 "Gentleman Usher to the Queen," and an attorney at law, but William 
 Allen, " of Lord Dartmouth's office," was successful. 
 
 It will have been observed that frequent troubled arose in the College 
 from the three senior Fellows, who were graduates, affecting to despise the 
 Master and Warden as their social inferiors. A somewhat ludicrous order 
 on this matter was made by Archbishop Sheldon in 1667, viz. that the 
 Master and Warden should wear about their necks, over their gowns, a 
 " long tippet of Taffaty or Sarcenett and also when they come to Chappel 
 " in their surplices they shall wear such a Tippett as aforesaid over their 
 " surplices." 
 
 On the whole, hovv'ever, the records of the CoUege show that the 
 
43^ 
 
 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. 
 
 Masters and Wardens, although not " graduates or divines," were able to 
 rule fairly well. 
 
 In accordance with statute 19, "a dynner" was always provided at 
 these elections, the expense of which was borne by the newly elected 
 Warden. 
 
 The first extant account of these banquets is on the occasion of the 
 election of Elias AUeyn, on the 11th February 1677/8, when he paid to the 
 caterer . . . . . . £3 9 10, and 
 
 to y' buttery for bread & beere ... 43 
 
 or in all 
 
 £3 14 1 
 
 In later times the " menu," and sometimes the cost, is given, 
 when William Allen (grocer) was elected, there were provided — 
 
 Two Hams, 2 dishes of Boyld Fowls w"" Cabbage, Carrotts, frencb 
 beans & artichoak 
 
 2 Veneson Pastys . 
 a large S'Loyn of Beef 
 
 3 Dishes of Turkeys Larded & Ducks 
 2 Codlin Tarts Creamed 
 2 Geese, grave & apple sauce 
 
 2 Marrow pudins 
 
 3 Dishes of Fruite . 
 2 Dishes of Lobsters 
 
 2 Dishes of Custards & florentines . 
 
 4 plates of Mellon . 
 
 3 plates of Pickles . 
 
 3 plates of Prawns . 
 2 plates of Lemons . 
 2 plates of Salads . 
 
 4 large fouls and sauce for y° old people 
 a plumb pudding for the 12 boys . 
 
 In 1731, 
 
 All provided by M' Howard. 
 P* for the use of pewter 
 P* the Butler from London . 
 A Gallon of white 6 Gallons 
 
 Galton . 
 Musick and wine in the Gallery 
 
 pi pj. ^^m ^en W" . 
 
 Total 
 
 of Red and 3 q". of sack 
 
 from M' 
 
 02 
 
 04 00 
 
 02 
 
 02 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 15 
 
 00 
 
 01 
 
 04 00 
 
 00 
 
 12 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 12 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 18 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 12 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 04 00 
 
 00 
 
 03 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 03 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 01 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 10 
 
 00 
 
 00 
 
 04 00 
 
 11 
 
 04 00 
 
 
 16 
 
 06 
 
 
 16 
 
 09 
 
 02 
 
 09 
 
 06 
 
 04 08 
 
 00 
 
 B19 
 
 14 09 
 
 Again, in 1746', when James Allen was elected, the following was the 
 bill of fare : — 
 
THE WARDEN'S DINNERS. 437 
 
 1" Course. A Turkey and Oyster Sauce. 
 
 Four Capons and Oyster Sauce. 
 Two Hams. 
 Two S^Loins Beef. 
 Sallad. 
 Greens. 
 2* Course. Two Couple Wild Ducks. 
 
 Turkey forced Meat balls and Sausages. 
 Two Capons. 
 
 Two Quarters House Lamb 
 Cauliflowers. 
 Salad. 
 S** Course. Two Marrow Puddings. 
 Two Apple Pyes. 
 A dozen Lobsters. 
 Pour Capons for the Old People and a plumb pudding for the Boys. 
 The Dinner, with four Cooks, one Scullion, Knives, Porks and Pewter, Pipes and 
 Tobacco, came to . . . . . .£8 7 10^ 
 
 Six dozen of "Wine provided but there was only three dozen and 
 
 a haK made use of comes to . . . . . 5 14 
 
 £14 1 lOJ 
 
 In more recent days this " dynner " seems to have been one at which 
 many guests were assembled, as an order is given (1842) to lay the table 
 in the schoolroom for fifty persons. 
 
 In the election of Fellows, the candidates seem to have been selected by 
 the existing members of the body corporate, without any special publicity 
 being given to the fact of a vacancy having occurred. The plan of voting 
 for Fellows, scholars, poor brethren, and sisters was simple in the extreme. 
 The names of the candidates being written down in the " Private Sittings 
 " book," each voter made a long stroke with a pen opposite the name of the 
 candidate he favoured ; the two with the largest number of strokes being 
 then selected to " draw the Lott," which was never omitted in the case of 
 Fellows except when they were appointed by mandamus of the Archbishop 
 of Canterbury, or had been poor scholars of the College. It should be 
 added that the lot was used in the election of all poor brethren and sisters 
 except those from Camberwell, who were selected by tbe College, as were 
 also the poor scholars from the same parish. 
 
 As a specimen of how the elections of Fellows was managed, the follow- 
 ing correspondence with the Rev. Joseph Blanco White '"^ in 1831 is given : 
 
 * The Eev. Joseph Blanco White (bom 1115, died 1841) was a priest of the Roman Catholic 
 Church in Spain for a good many years. He afterwards joined the English Church, and in later years 
 became a Unitarian. He was the author of many (chiefly controversial) works in Spanish and 
 English ; the best kno^vn is Doblado's Letters from Bpain. London, 1822. 
 
438 HISTOR Y OF BUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 the allusion to " common musicians " is interesting. In actual fact none of 
 the later fourth Fellows knew much, if anything, of music. The gentleman 
 who succeeded on the failure of Mr. White was the Eev. E. G. Suckling 
 Browne : — 
 
 March 6, 1831. 
 Dear Blanco, 
 
 Poor Linley, 4"" Fellow and Organist of Bulwich College died this morning. 
 Some years ago, you had thoughts of offering yourself for the situation, if it should 
 ever become vacant, and therefore I hasten to inform you of the event, that you may 
 announce yourself as a candidate without delay, in case you are still of the same mind. 
 You are aware of the nature of the office. The organist is a Pellow of the College, 
 and the late M' Linley was a clergyman. The duties are to play the organ on Sundays, 
 and instruct the children in music — twelve in number. The emoluments are at 
 present about £160 a year, besides apartments, commons, and wine. As the organist 
 is completely on the same footing with the other Fellows, we wish, of course to avoid 
 common musicians, and to have a man of education, with the manners and feelings of 
 a gentleman. 
 
 The election, from the mode of conducting it, is to the last moment uncertain. 
 Two persons are chosen by the electors, who are five in number, and these two draw 
 lots for the situation. 
 
 Let me Imow, if possible, by Tuesday morning, what is your determination, as we 
 shall be overwhelmed with applications as soon as the vacancy is known. 
 
 Yours faithfully, John Allen. 
 
 To the Eev. Blanco White. 
 
 Dulwich College, March 6, 1831. 
 My dear Sir, 
 
 A vacancy has occurred in the little monastery here by the death of one of its 
 members whom I highly valued and deeply regret. But if any one circumstance more 
 than another could furnish me with consolation, it is the prospect which the Master 
 has held out, and which I sincerely hope you will realise, of your becoming his 
 successor. I could not resist this hasty opportunity of telling you so, being My dear 
 Sir, 
 
 Ever yours faithfully, 
 
 John Lindsay. 
 
 Oxford, March 7, 1831. 
 Dear Allen, 
 
 I shall be happy to take my chance of the vacant Fellowship of Dulwich College. 
 
 My only difficulty is that, at this moment, I am not able to accompany the Psalm tunes 
 
 required at Church. If, however, you were to allow me for a time to pay a person 
 
 who should play and teach the children, I trust that my knowledge of music would 
 
 enable me in a few months to do the Organist's duty myself. If there is no objection 
 
 to this plan, I beg you will enter my name as a candidate, and tell me what else I 
 
 must do. With many thanks for your kind remembrance of me, I am, dear Allen, 
 
 Yours ever faithfully, 
 
 J. B. W. 
 
PRIVATE SITTINGS BOOKS 439 
 
 March 8, 1831. 
 Dear Blanco, 
 
 I am very glad you propose to stand, and with your knowledge of music I have no. 
 doubt you will learn to play the organ in much shorter time than you mention. 
 
 It wiU be necessary for you to come to town in order to wait on the electors. 
 Poor Linley's funeral is to take place on Saturday, after which the sooner you pay 
 your respects to them, so much the better. I have no doubt of others coming forward 
 as candidates before his interment, but I think it better taste not to make any personal 
 application till afterwards, though it should not be delayed later than Sunday or 
 Monday. As soon as we have two good candidates, we shedl proceed to the election. 
 
 Yours faithfully, 
 
 John Allen. 
 
 It may be noted here that the grants to poor scholars were gradually, 
 and even rapidly increased, as public opinion was brought to bear on the 
 neglect of the statutes in respect of education, especially as regards sending 
 the boys to the Universities. The total number sent to Oxford or Cam- 
 bridge was eighteen; the last boy so sent was in 1770. But the grants 
 and apprentice fees began to increase in 1824, being then raised from £10 
 to £25, in 1828 to £30, and again in 1842, when as large a sum as £40 
 was given to each boy at the termination of his apprenticeship, thus making 
 the amount expended on him since leaving the College £160. 
 
 The business records of the Corporation were well and carefully kept in 
 accordance with Statute 94, the audit books, eight in number, from 1626 
 to the 31st December 1857, being aU in good preservation. The weekly 
 account books, which give the particulars of the College expenditure for 
 each week separately, are also extant for the same period, with the exception 
 of one volume containing the years 1642-1645. A vast number of receipts 
 and bills are also preserved, as well as many letters, briefs, opinions of 
 counsel, surveyors' reports, and the like ; but with the exception of numerous 
 documents relating to the suits with the Bowyer family about tithes, and 
 the suits relating to the Fortune Playhouse, as a general rule few of them 
 date further back than the eighteenth century. 
 
 In addition to these records of a more or less public or official nature, 
 there are also a set of what the statutes call " Private Sittings Books," but 
 these unfortunately only exist from May 1729 till December 1857. The 
 records contained in them are meagre and intermittent, as may have been 
 gathered in the course of this History. When the Master was at variance 
 with the Warden, or with any of the Fellows, important items were apt 
 to be left out ; but occasionally entries are made at some length, e.g. on 
 the 6th June 1806, the object of the Private Sittings books was fully 
 given as follows (see Chapter XII.) : — 
 
 Much inconvenience having arisen to the Society by the delay of business on 
 Friday, through the Introduction of strangers to the College table : It is agreed that 
 
440 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 in future no Stranger or other Person unless for some particular cause relating to the 
 Society be that day admitted. And it is particularly recommended that no Member 
 absent himself that day, as it is set apart for the transaction of business. 
 
 Ordered, that whatever is wanted for the College be mentioned at a Private 
 Sittings. 
 
 From these audit and other books a good deal of information might be 
 gathered as to rates of wages during the last two centuries ; some examples 
 are here given : — 
 
 3 January 16f-g. Eichard Aylwin y" porter came in wages 4" per ann: 
 
 10 february 16f ^. Philip Greenwood y° Master's man came wages 6" 10'. 
 
 21 May 1742. John Davis to be scullion at y" yearly wages of £4. 
 
 26 April 1743. John Short to be butler of this College at £5 a year and 20/ at 
 Xmas. 
 
 H. James to be bailiff of the Woods and Caterer at £8 a year. 
 
 T. Inwood to be gardener of this College at £5 a year. 
 
 1748. Dame Harrison to have £2. 10s. for nursing boarding and lodging her son (a 
 scholar of the College) seven weeks in the small pox. 
 
 25 Aug' 1752. Thomas Tague to be Cook at £8 a year and the Dripping. 
 
 5 July 1756. Agreed to give the Gardener £8 a year wages because his perquisites 
 from marriages are ceased and those from Christenings are much lessened. 
 
 W.B. — The Marriage Act was passed in 1753, and marriages ceased to be celebrated 
 in the College Chapel in 1754. 
 
 7 March 1757. Thomas Taylor to be Butler of this College at £8 a year wages. 
 
 15 december 1759. M' Hilary (fellow) requiring a Servant to attend on him; 
 agreed to board the said servant in the College for £10 a year (reduced next year 
 to £8). 
 
 13 September 1805. It is moved and agreed that Joseph "Wilson the scullion be 
 discharged and allowed a months wages and that Francis Parry the present Cook, in 
 consideration of his undertaking to supply both the places of Cook and scullion 
 have his wages advanced to Eighteen pounds per ann: to commence from Michaelmas 
 next. 
 
 On the same day the wages of Charles Heading, the butler, were advanced to £18 ; 
 and on the 11th October 1805 those of the gardener were advanced to £15, and those 
 of the bailiff to £14. 
 
 On the 6th June 1806 it was ordered " that as the Warden has suggested it would 
 " be advantageous to the Society to purchase their Bread and Beer, he be requested to 
 " do it in the best manner he can." 
 
 On the same day it was ordered " That as the Assistant to the Cook is unwell 
 " another be hired at 7^ per week ; " and also ordered " That for the present James 
 " Killick be admitted the College Bailiff in the room of his brother who is married 
 " and at the usual wages." 
 
 On the 13th September 1811, William Brown was hired as gardener at £34 per 
 annum. It is probable that the new gardener received only partial board at the College 
 On the 29th September 1815 the bailiff's wages were settled at 25s. per week, and those 
 of the gardener at 24s. per week, both of them being in all probability non-resident. On 
 the 30th April 1818, Mr. Vane, the second Fellow, wishing to keep a servant in the 
 
MR. HUME ON THE COLLEGE HOSPITALITY. 441 
 
 College, it was ordered that he pay the Warden £5 a quaxter for his board. On the 
 9th September 1820 it was resolved that in consideration of the faithful services and 
 good conduct of the present butler his wages be raised to £12 a quarter. And on the 
 15th April 1837 it was ordered that the wages of the cook and housekeeper be £40 a 
 year, with no perquisites whatever. 
 
 Witli respect to the hours of chapel, school, breakfast, and dinner, the 
 Private Sittings books do not contain many particulars ; but apparently 
 the daily services were at 9 a.m. and 3 p.m., and those on Sunday at 10 A.M. 
 in summer, and 10.30 A. M. in winter, and at 2 p.m. 
 
 The school hours are only mentioned in 1805, when they are stated to 
 be as follows : — 
 
 From Lady Day to Michaelmas 
 Six to Ten : Twelve to two : haK past three to five. 
 
 From Michaelmas to Lady Day 
 Seven to Ten. Twelve to half past two. 
 
 It is to be feared that these hours were not adhered to, even at the time 
 they were solenmly set forth in the Private Sittings book. In truth, the 
 hours of school were — 
 
 9 to 2 on Monday, Wednesday, and Thursday. 
 
 9 to 11^ on Tuesday. 
 
 9 to 12 on Saturday. 
 
 9 to 1 on Friday. 
 All Saints' days were whole holidays ; and in addition there was a week 
 at Easter, four weeks at Whitsuntide, three weeks in September, and four 
 weeks at Christmas. (See Chapter XV. Evidence before Charity Com- 
 missioners of Eev. William Fellowes, 28th June 1854.) 
 
 The exact hours of meals are seldom mentioned, but apparently the 
 poor scholars dined at two o'clock in summer, and at half-past two in 
 winter, except on holidays and holiday eves, when they dined at mid-day. 
 In the last century the Master, Warden, and Fellows breakfasted at eight 
 A.M., and dined at three o'clock. In 1806 it is recorded that the dinner 
 hour is changed to four ; and, doubtless, it gradually crept on to five, and 
 ultimately to six o'clock. 
 
 As may be seen from Mr. James Hume's remarks and other sources, 
 an open table was kept in his time : — 
 
 It is, I confess a fine thing to have a plentiful table at command and to be in a 
 condition to entertain our friends and visitants at the publick charge. But if the 
 Founder has made no provision for it, as it is certain he has not, where is our right to 
 do so ? To say that we assume this privilege as a valuable consideration for our 
 Dividend will not do. For the poor's proportion in a Dividend being with respect to 
 ours as 3 to 2 or thereabouts, it were not amiss to consider, how we can oblige them, 
 VOL. I. • 3 K 
 
442 JIISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 whose interest the Founder has made inseparahle from ours without their consent to 
 contribute three-fil'ths towards the entertainment of our friends and acquaintances ? 
 Friends, di4 I say ? nay very often nobodys friends and hardly any one's acquaint- 
 ances. (See p. 225.) 
 
 This was not the case in later years, though the College was still given 
 to hospitality, and entertained tenants and neighbours as well as friends 
 continually. Indeed, in the earlier half of the present century there seem 
 to have been guests almost every day, those best known to the butler being 
 mentioned by name. 
 
 The wine consumed was port and sherry, although in quite the later 
 days claret, hock, and champagne were purchased in small quantities at 
 very high prices.'*' 
 
 The following orders on the subject may be quoted in illustration : — 
 
 6 June 1806. That for the present One Dozen of Wine be given out every week to 
 the Butler for the consumption of the College viz'. Nine of Port and three of White. 
 
 11 December 1812. Ordered : That the consumption of wine at the College table shall 
 not exceed three bottles on any one day, unless there be present more than six persons 
 of the following descriptions viz'. Members of the College, Steward and Surveyor of 
 the College, Clergymen officiating at the Chapel of the College on Sundays or fast 
 days, Candidates for the Office of Warden or for Fellowships, persons invited to dinner 
 on the business of the College : a pint of wine extra being allowed for every such person 
 making a greater number than six. And if the consumption of wine on any one day 
 should exceed the above allowance, the excess sliaU be charged against the person or 
 persons who may have given occasion for the same by bringing a friend or friends to 
 the College table, or in case no Strangers have been present it shall be charged against 
 the Master, Warden or Fellow who happened that day to preside at the College Table. 
 That audit days and Eent days be excepted from the preceding regulation. 
 
 On the 5th March 1819 it was ordered that the consumption of Porter by the 
 College be limited to 14 barrels a year viz' one barrel every four weeks for the ordinary 
 consumption of the table and ICitchen, and one barrel extra for Kent days ; bat it is 
 noted on the 18 february 1820, that the order of the 5"" March concerning the 
 consumption of porter in the College not having been properly observed, no more 
 Porter be ordered for the College from the Porter Brewers. 
 
 Again, on the 27'" febry. 1836 it was ordered That a regular account be kept by the 
 Butler of the extra wine supjjlied to the members of the College and consumed there ; 
 and where the amount does not exceed £3 (Query per month ?) to any one member, 
 that no charge be made to him for extra wine : And where the amount exceeds £3 to 
 any one member that the surplus be charged to him. This regulation appears from 
 the butler's book to have remained in force tiU the dissolution of the Corporation. 
 
 Plate. — Tradition has it that during the civil war the College sold 
 much if not all of its plate to help King Charles. Be this as it may, two 
 
 * See account of dinners to the Eoyal Academy in Chapter XVIII. The first champa"ne used 
 by the College, about 1830, cost six guineas a dozen. It was used sparingly, port being the staple. 
 
THE COLLEGE PLATE. 443 
 
 pieces still remain of dates much anterior to that period, viz. an engraved 
 silver bottle, -weighing 15.90 oz., and dated 1562 (it is much worn and 
 battered as if it had met -with rhany falls) ; and a silver gilt chalice, weigh- 
 ing 11.75 oz., dated 1599. 
 
 The following articles of later dates are also worthy of note : — 
 
 A Silver Paten, dated 1661, engraved with the following inscription : " The Gift of 
 " Ralph AUeyn, the fourth master of the College 1672." Weight 16.70 oz. 
 
 A Silver Gilt Alms Dish, date 1688, engraved with the following inscription: " The 
 " Gift of George John Allen April 11. 1852." Weight 25.20 oz. 
 
 A Silver Flagon, date 1654, engraved with the following inscription : " Don". Jacobi 
 " AUeyn 1812." Weight 39.10 oz. 
 
 A Silver Gilt Paten, date 1708, engraved with the followin.c; inscription : " Given 
 *' by George John Allen master of the College January 17 1850." Weight 25.26 oz. 
 
 A Silver Dinner Plate, date 1729, engraved with the following inscription: 
 " Donum Jacobi Wall Gent," and bearing a coat of aims impaled with those of the 
 College. The crest is a dog rising out of a coronet. 
 
 A Large Plain Silver Tankard, date 1761, engraved with the following inscription : 
 " Three pieces of Plate given by Edward Matthias and Thomas AUeyn were exchanged 
 " in part payment for this." Weiglit 45 oz. 
 
 A Plain Silver Cup on square foot, date 1762, much worn, with the College arms 
 engraved on it. Weight 12 oz. 
 
 A Large Silver Waiter with sheU border, date 1762, engraved with the foUowing 
 inscription : « The Gift of William AUeu Esq' Master, to Dulwich College 1807," witli 
 arms and crest a dagger. Motto, " Per ense ad astra." 
 
 A Pierced Silver Breadbasket, date 1773, with arms (not the College) engraved. 
 On the bottom is " The Gift of M" Jane Morris." 
 
 In addition, there is a considerable quantity of spoons, forks, salt- 
 cellars, salvers, and other articles formerly in daily use. There are also 
 two dozen silver dinner plates, hall mark 1788, weighing about 17 oz. 
 each, engraved with the arms apparently of a foreign nobleman, the 
 supporters being two lions. Mrs. Desenfans, in her wUl, left the College 
 (besides other silver articles) "Three dozen of silver plates with the arms 
 " of Noel Joseph Desenfans, Esquire, engraved ou them." It seems 
 probable that in reality the College only received the two dozen above 
 mentioned, although it is certainly curious that, if so, no record has been 
 made that one dozen plates were missing ! It should be added that the 
 College of Arms state that Mr. Desenfans had no title in England to bear 
 arms at all. 
 
 All the College plate, except that in use at the chapel, has been 
 since 1883 kept in a fire-proof safe, which also contains the signet ring of 
 the Founder of the College and the former seal of the College in an iron 
 box, with two curious V shaped iron padlocks and two keys, one being still 
 labelled " S"""^ Fellows Key." (See ante, p. 2-30.) 
 
444 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 In 1772 a club was started, apparently by the members of the College, 
 to which residents on the estate were admitted by ballot. In its earlier 
 days it was generally known as the " Quarterly Meeting," but more 
 correctly as the Dulwich Club. Its objects were purely social and con- 
 vivial, the members meeting at the Greyhound or some other inn once a 
 quarter to dine and play a rubber. This club still exists, but its meetings 
 are now half-yearly, and the Greyhound is no longer its chief habitat, the 
 members preferring Greenwich or Eichmond, or the Crystal Palace. 
 
 As may be gathered from what is related in the earlier history of the 
 College, questions were often raised as to whether certain Masters or 
 Wardens were or were not secretly married. In later times scandals 
 arose not unfrequently from analogous accusations in reference to various 
 " Gentlemen of the College," as they were collectively called in the neigh- 
 bourhood. The most notable of these referred to Thomas Allen (Warden 
 1752, Master 1775, died 1805), who, while nominally dwelling in the 
 College, really lived chiefly at Sycamore Cottage (nearly opposite the east 
 end of the chapel), with certain female relatives or connections. He had a 
 broad white mark painted from top to bottom of the College garden wall 
 to guide him in passing to and fro on dark nights. This mark remained 
 visible for many years after his death, and is stiU remembered by living 
 inhabitants. 
 
 Although in the earlier days of the College there may have been some 
 freedom allowed to traders generally, as there certainly was in inns and 
 taverns (see Chap. XVII. ), a different practice prevailed in later times, 
 when it was a sort of custom that no more and no less than two of each 
 trade should be permitted in the hamlet. Many of the older inhabitants 
 will remember that there were two butchers, two bakers, two grocers, and 
 so on, but no pawnbrokers or dissenting chapels dared to trespass on the 
 lands of God's Gift ! 
 
 The doles and gifts peculiar to the place were considerable ; in addition 
 to Lady Falkland's Charity, already mentioned (page 305), there were 
 several others either belonging to Dulwich or in which it participated. 
 The following particulars are taken from the Sixteenth Report of the 
 Charity Commissioners, dated 24th June 1826 : — 
 
 Henry Smith's Cliarity. 
 
 The portion of this Charity, which is received by the Parish of Camberwell, is 
 apphed towards the purchase of 21 great coats, which are distributed by the church- 
 wardens to as many poor old men of the parish, 10 of them being resident in the 
 Camberwell Division, seven in the Liberty of Peckham, and four in the hamlet of 
 Dulwich. 
 
 The cost of the coats generally exceeds the amount of the rent received. The 
 deficiency is supplied from the general Donation Fund. 
 
D UL WICH CHARITIES. 445 
 
 Noyes' Charity. 
 
 Edward Noyes, by will, dated 31" March 1800, bequeathed £300, 3 per cent 
 annuities to poor persons of the parish of Camherwell, who should neither be main- 
 tained nor relieved thereby, to be distributed at the church door of the said parish on 
 Christmas day and the 21'* February every year (which last mentioned day was the 
 birthday of his son) in bread. 
 
 This stock now stands in the names of the Eev. Edward Smyth, Eobert Curtis, 
 Thomas Turk, and George Spence, producing an annual dividend of £9. This 
 dividend is applied to a distribution of bread in four pound loaves on Christmas day 
 and the 21" of February. About £6 worth of bread is given away at each distribution, 
 the deficient £3 worth being supplied from the general Donation Fund. The bread is 
 delivered by tickets, which are given by the churchwardens to poor families of the 
 parish, each receiving one, two, or three tickets, according to the numbers in their 
 respective families. 
 
 The Charity is apportioned between the three divisions of the Parish, as follows, 
 viz', to Camherwell, one half, being £4. 10s. ; Peckham, three eighth's, being £3. 
 7s. 6d. ; Dulwich, one eighth, being £1. 2s. 6d. 
 
 Mrs. Harriet Smith's Charity. 
 
 Mrs. Harriet Smith, wife of Benjamin Smith, of Harper Street, Eed Lion Square, 
 by will, dated 23''* Sept' 1808, by virtue of a power contained in her marriage settle- 
 ment, bequeathed to the vicar, churchwardens, and overseers of the poor of the parish 
 of S' Giles, Camherwell, £1000 3 per cent, annuities, to be held by them and their 
 successors in trust, to pay and divide the interest and dividends thereof from time to 
 time amongst 10 of the oldest poor housekeepers of the towns and villages of Camber- 
 well and Dulwich equally for ever. 
 
 This stock stands in the names of the Eev* Edward Smyth, James Hardwidge, 
 Esq'., James Jacks, Esq., and "William Smith, Esq. 
 
 Of the annual dividend of £30, seven tenths are applied to the poor of the town 
 of Camherwell and the remaining three tenths to the poor of the hamlet of Dulwich. 
 This appointment has been made by agreement between the inhabitants of those 
 respective places. 
 
 The portion belonging to Camherwell is given away in sums of £3 to seven 
 of the oldest poor housekeepers of the place of the most respectable character, 
 who do not apply to the parish for relief, but who are selected by the churchwarden 
 upon his knowledge of their claim or upon the recommendation of other respectable 
 inhabitants. 
 
 In Dulwich it has been usual not to confine the proportion allotted to that hamlet 
 to three poor persons, but to give it in different sums, varying from £3 to £1 to poor 
 housekeepers not applying for parish relief. In future it will be applied to three 
 only, according to the directions of the donor. 
 
 Allen's Charity. 
 
 Joseph Allen, formerly of Dulwich, Doctor in Medicine, by his will, the date of 
 which does not appear, gave to the vicar and churchwardens of Camherwell £200 
 three per cent, consols, in trust for them and their successors, to pay the interest and 
 dividends thereof to the churchwarden and overseer for the time being for the hamlet 
 of Dulwich, every year, to be laid out in coals, and distributed amongst the poor 
 
446 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 Lousekeepers of the hamlet of Dulwich for ever, in such manner as the churchwarden 
 and overseer for the time being should think proper. 
 
 This stock now stands in the names of the Eev. Edward Smyth, George Spence, 
 Thomas Turk, and John Bartlett tlie younger. 
 
 The dividends, amounting to £6 per annum, are paid over to the churchwarden * 
 of Dulwich, who distributes the amount in sacks and half sacks of coals among the 
 poor of the parish, of whom he makes out a list upon his own judgment of their 
 wants. The distribution takes place yearly, about a month after Christmas ; it is 
 postponed to that time in consequence of there being other gifts to be distributed at 
 Christmas. 
 
 A'p'plication of the General Doiuition Fund. 
 
 To this fund, as we have stated, are earned the rents of £88 and £10. 10s. 
 derived from Sir Edmund Bowyer's charity, and the rents of £62 and 10s. and the 
 dividends of £24 derived from the Poors land, as also the small surplus of 1' 4* from 
 Hunt's charity, making together a total of £185. Is. 4d. Out of tliis fund the 
 treasurer pays annually to the churchwarden for Camberwell £80 ; to the church- 
 warden of Peckham £60 ; and to the churchwarden of Dulwich £20 ; he also pays 
 the sum of £2. 9s. a year for the insurance of the houses derived from Sir Edmund 
 Bowyer's gift, and some small additional charges. The remainder has accumulated in 
 the treasurer's hands, and at the last audit on 27"" July 1825, amounted to the sum of 
 £201. 14s. 9^d. It is proposed that a sum of £160 of this balance should be now 
 taken out of the treasurer's hands, and paid over to the three churchwardens in the 
 usual proportions. 
 
 The course of distribution by the three churchwardens in their respective districts 
 is nearly similar. After making up the deficient money for bread and clothing, under 
 the specific charities as before mentioned, they distribute the rest in money. On a 
 day appointed for the purpose about Christmas, the poor attend, and upon examination 
 as to their wants, and character, and the numbers in their families, they receive sums 
 varying generally from £1 to 2' 6*. 
 
 Some portion of the money is kept back to be applied at other times at the dis- 
 cretion of the churchwardens, as urgent cases of distress occur ; an accurate account is 
 kept by them of the persons to whom they make the distribution, and of the sums 
 given to each ; these accounts are produced at a parish audit, when they are regularly 
 examined and entered in a book kept for that purpose. 
 
 Dulwich Free School. 
 By indenture, dated 31" August 1741, between James Allen, of Dulwich in the 
 county of Surrey Esquire, of the one part, and the Master, Warden, four fellows, six 
 poor brethren, six poor sisters, and twelve poor scholars of the College of God's Gift, 
 in Dulwich in the County of Surrey, of the other part (enrolled in Chancery 1" 
 September 1741 and registered in Middlesex 7"" September 1741, B. 2. No. 401), The 
 said James Allen, for the considerations therein mentioned, conveyed to the said 
 master, warden, &c., all those pieces or parcels of ground situate near Kensington 
 Gravel Pits in the parish of Kensington, Middlesex, containing in front towards the 
 west, next the road 180 feet of assize, or thereabouts, and on the south side thereof 
 from east to west, 112 feet, and on the north side thereof, from east to west 91 feet 
 
 * The College cliapel was then the only "Church" in Dulwich. It never had any church- 
 wartlen. 
 
JAMES ALLEN'S GIULS' SCHOOL. 447 
 
 six inches, and on the east side thereof 165 feet, together with six messuages then 
 lately erected thereon, and all other erections and buildings, &c. To hold the same to 
 the use of the Master, Warden, &c. to the intent that they and their successors should 
 for ever apply the rents, issues and profits of the premises towards finding and pro- 
 viding a school mistress or mistresses to be resident in Dulwich for the instructing 
 and teaching such and so many poor boys to read, and so many poor girls to read and 
 sew, as to the Master should seem meet, provided that the Master for the time being 
 should have the oversight and care, and the letting and setting of the premises, and 
 collecting the rents, and also the inspection of the charity ; and that he should make 
 such rules and orders for the better regulation thereof as to him should seem meet ; 
 and that as a compensation for his trouble it should be lawful for the Master to deduct 
 £5 per annum for his own use, out of the rents, and also £1. 6s. for a treat to the 
 tenants on paying their rents. (See page 277.) 
 
 At the date of this indenture the premises were held under building leases at rents 
 of £4. 16s. on one lease, and £3. 6s. on each of five others, making together a rental of 
 £21. 6s. per annum, and leaving after the payments of £5 per annum to the Master 
 and £1. 6s. to the tenants, a clear income of £15 for the use of the school. 
 
 The leases having expired in 1807, the houses which are situate in a row called 
 High Row, near the Gravel Pits, were again let on leases for 31 years at a total rent 
 of £193. 10s., to which must be added the sum of £8. 4s. for the dividends on £205 
 four per cents., purchased from savings, making a total income of £201. 14s. 
 
 Until the expiration of the leases in 1807, the charity was necessarily of a confined 
 nature, the net income applicable thereto being only £15 per annum. This was 
 regularly paid to a school mistress for the pui-poses of the charity. 
 
 The College of Dulwich being anxious to promote a charity founded by a former 
 Master, and to increase the benefit to the village of Dulwich, have permitted the 
 charity to have the use (rent i'ree) of a respectable house at Dulwich, near the 
 college, and in the centre of the village, which is their property, and worth at 
 least £60 per annum, thereby contributing to that amount towards the benefit of 
 the charity. 
 
 By the funds first received after the expiration of the original building leases the 
 school house was fitted up and repaired, and proper and distinct school rooms made 
 for the boys and girls. 
 
 The Master of the College has provided a Schoolmistress, and also a Schoolmaster, 
 by whom the boys and girls are instructed in these separate rooms. The boys are 
 taught to read, write and cipher, and the girls to read and sew ; and both are instructed 
 in the principles of the Church of England. 
 
 The following is a statement of the present annual expenditure : — 
 
 Salary to the mistress, including £20 paid for the rent 
 
 of a house in which she resides, contiguous to the 
 
 school house ..... £40 
 
 Salary to the master, who resides in the school house . 84 
 
 The allowance to the Master of the College not retained 
 
 by the present master . . . . 
 
 Treat for the tenants not lately supplied . . 
 
 Coals, per annum, about . . . . 17 
 
 Eepairs and taxes, average of four years, from 1821 to 
 
 1824 13 6 5 
 
448 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 Insurance . . . . . . £2 10 
 
 Books, pens, paper, ink and requisites of that nature, 
 for both schools, and such articles., of expense as 
 naturally appertain to the occupation of a con- 
 siderable school house (average) . . . 4 15 
 
 £161 11 5 
 
 There is consequently an annual surplus of about £40. 
 
 By the means of this charity the chHdren of all the poor resident in Dulwich and 
 the neighbourhood, within the distance of a mile, who make application for the purpose, 
 receive education. 
 
 At the time of our enquiry above mentioned the number of scholars consisted of 
 about 60 boys and the like number of girls, which appears to have been the average 
 number for several years. 
 
 The inhabitants of the village, by a subscription among themselves, clothe 12 of 
 the boys and 20 of the girls, at an expense annually of between £60 and £70.* 
 
 • This Bcliool is now (1888) known as James Allen's Girls' School (see page 277). The building 
 erected for it in 1866 is now the property of the School Board of London. 
 
[ 449 ] 
 
 CHAPTER XVII. 
 
 LOCALITIES. 
 
 It has been remarked that names persistently adhere to the soil,* but in 
 Dulwich the reverse is the case, as but few of the old names now remain, or 
 can be identified with the lands they refer to. While this is true of places 
 there, it is remarkable how the surnames of persons in the hamlet come 
 down from generation to generation. This may be accounted for in earlier 
 days by the difficulty of locomotion, and in later times by the attraction of 
 the almshouses, a certain portion of the inmates having been, until quite 
 recently, necessarily inhabitants of Dulwich. It is further noticeable that 
 many places seem to have derived their names in whole or in part from the 
 persons owning or dwelling in them, such as Robynmannysfeld 1429, 
 Clementysfeld 1431, Westende de Harry esdene 1435, Gascouys pytte 
 1486, Carters crofte 1489 and 1493, Denweyes croft 1493, Gonnelles lands 
 1519, Lords crofte 1523, Wrethesacre 1523, Wattes croft 1562 and 1568, 
 Bochers close 1590, Lanes land 1590 ; and also Nic. Foster his Boornes 
 and Knightes Napps. In defining boundaries, lands are often also described 
 as lately in the occupation of Sir J. Duke and the like, which, of course, 
 really tells little or nothing now-a-days. 
 
 The changes in spelling and appearance are often very marked ; for 
 example, Crokstrete 1334 and 1435, Croksted Lane 1594, Cockshutt Lane 
 about 1780, Croxted Lane 1857.t It is possible that Cockshutt may refer 
 to some other lane, but the strong probability is that it is a phonetic 
 attempt at Crokstrete or Croksted. 
 
 Again, we have in 1334 Le Pittele, in 1339 Le Peyhtill, and in 1403 
 Le Pigthill; and in 1335 Haspole, in 1424 Le Aps and Le Aspe, in 1525 
 Aspole, in 1553 Le Apps and Le Apse, and in 1608 Ashpoole. Canelfield 
 1454, Kennels 1596, and Kennoldes 1609, are shown in the muniments to be 
 identical, which cannot be positively stated in regard to the preceding lists. 
 
 The following names tell their own story, although they cannot now be 
 
 » Words and Places, by the Eev. Isaac Taylor. 
 
 t Alleyn in 1602 was in correspondence with a Mr. John Page regarding the purchase of land 
 near Firles in Sussex. Mr. Page dates his letter from Croxstedes, and addresses Alleyn as " My good 
 " Landlord" (MSS. iii. 11, 12 and 14). 
 
 VOL. I. 3 L 
 
450 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 identified : — Iloundesliute 1400, Gotermede 1402, Spendelmanfeld 1406, 
 Dibbelles croft 1408, Debyleys croft 1443, Le Marlepyte 1414, xviii 
 acres 1429, Hayteneacres 1458, Myddlefield 1435, Lytylcroft 1436, The 
 Waterynges 1458, V. Daywark 1468, Lyttle Myddlefalde 1562, Le Pond 
 apud Sponde ende 1564, Gorylande 1593, Long Hilles 1679, Furziehills 
 1697, Coney Acre 1681, Hunger Hill 1609 ; BrockhoUes Grene {i.e. Brock- 
 well) is mentioned in 1629, but was not within the manor. 
 
 The Brownings frequently occurs in the Deeds at Dulwich, varying 
 from " Brounynges " in 1422 to the present spelling. There is also 
 mention of the " Great " and the " Little," " Mr. Parrys," and " Henry 
 " Hunter's " Brownings. It is believed that all, or nearly all, these lands 
 were a part of the meadows lately attached to the " Bell House," and now 
 forming a portion of the Dulwich Park ; but the earliest mention of the 
 word is in 1333, when it occurs as a man's name, " Henry Brounynges." 
 
 The meadow south of the old College garden was named the " How- 
 *' lettes," and was intended by the Founder as a recreation ground for the 
 poor brethren and sisters. It is stUl an open space, with a public walk 
 leading from College Koad to Gallery Eoad. The name first occurs in 
 1380, when Howlett's Bridge is mentioned, then 1399 Howlotesdych, 1406 
 Hulottes, and in 1486 back to Howlettes ; also in the sixteenth century we 
 find Howlettes "Meade" and "Grene." 
 
 Of "Downs," the only one mentioned is Blanchdownes in 1600, and 
 Blanchdowne Grove in 1606. The "Greens" were more numerous, viz. 
 Dulwich Green, on which tlie old College was built; Howlettes Green, 
 already mentioned ; Ireland Green, which was a small open space at the 
 Hcrne Hill end of Half Moon Lane as late as the middle of the eighteenth 
 century; Lordjmge Grene in 1547, not identified; " Eygates " or 
 "Ej^cotes" Grene in Dulwich Common Wood 1542, and again in 1544 
 " 60 acres of wood called Eygates Grene ; " the name again occurs in 1619. 
 The house now so called is believed to occupy the west end of the old 
 Grene; but in this case again the name first occurs in 1376 as that of a 
 man, John Eeygate. Eound Grene, mentioned in 1618, was a small open 
 space in Dulwich Wood, near the top of what is now called Sydenham Hill 
 
 The only stream on the Dulwich estate was the Efira, which, rising ori 
 the hill at Norwood, flowed for some distance nearly parallel with Croxted 
 Lane, thence through Springfield, past Heme Hill, and so on by Water 
 Lane (now Dulwich Eoad) till it reached the Thames at Vauxhall. It has 
 now ceased to exist, or rather, has been converted into a closed sewer 
 
 Names occur in the old muniments, which are noted here simply as 
 curious, e.g. Byremares brugg in 1335, and Besemeres bregge in 1400 • 
 land lymg m Eude m 1334, "Apud duas cruces" in 1438 and "Twav' 
 " crochyn " in 1472 ; Walcardys crofte, Walkens crofte, and Walkers croft 
 
|H^i<l|Hli.^: ■-, ~: ■;.;.■ ■.■;^^ 
 
 •^^.'-:"-'V^:^P' 
 
 
 
 - "'Ir'frTtaB^'" • '*" ' ' T* ■^■^' 
 
 
 ■K'^'^^-^JISSi^^ 
 
 ^^i •.-., -%'■•-•%: ^^■ 
 
 ^^ ^^B? -^^ 
 
 
 " " ' '■ '" ' " '^^^if^^^^^g^^ ^-'v--'-' i - 
 
 Hall "Place 
 
 Front & Ba.ck Views 
 
 1870. 
 
LOCALITIES. 45 1 
 
 in 1454 to 1458 ; and Dickairdinges and Dicker-ridings 1609 to leir. These 
 and many others will be found in the chapter on the Court EoUs (vol. ii.). 
 
 " Dulwich Wood " extended from the south-east end of the manor at 
 the top of what is called Cox's "Walk to what was in former days called 
 Norwood Common. It was divided, after the foundation of the College, 
 into ten coppices, the underwood of one being cut each year to supply 
 firewood to the " Collegiantes." These coppices were named — 
 
 1. Lapsewood. 
 
 2. Ambroke or Ambrose Hill Wood. 
 
 3. East Peckherman Wood. 
 
 4. West Peckherman Wood. 
 
 5. First Low Cross Wood. 
 
 6. Second Low Cross Wood. 
 
 7. East Vicars Oak Wood.* 
 
 8. West Vicars Oak Wood. 
 
 9. Hither King's Wood. 
 10. Further King's Wood. 
 
 Other woods and copses are mentioned, such as " The Cokers " 1626, 
 Hamonds Copice 1614, Kynges Copyes 1579 (probably Nos. 9 and 10 in 
 the above list), Linges Coppice, Parke Coppice 1674, Dulwich Common 
 Woode 1542, Eigates Wood, already mentioned, and a wood called Wode- 
 shere in 1334 and Woodsyer in 1606. 
 
 Hall Place, in later days called the Manor House, was the principal 
 residence on the estate, and is believed to have been the home of Edward 
 AUeyn for some considerable time, probably to the date of his death. It 
 was a large house, with some 30 acres of land surrounding it, and a 
 smaller house adjoining, both originally constructed chiefly of wood; it 
 is mentioned by this name as early as 1544 — at other times it was known 
 as Knowlis and The Manor House (1619). 
 
 The smaller house is probably that let by Edward AUeyn to William 
 Lawton in 1619 for £40 in hand and £8 a year rent; the larger one 
 had apparently been in 1602 the residence of Sir Eobert Lee, Lord 
 Mayor of London. In 1662 it was leased to one Nicholas Thurman, of 
 Sherborne Lane, in the parish of St. Mary Woolnoth, London, merchant, at 
 a rent of £20, and the property is described as " HaU Place with yards, 
 " garden, &c, with the mote round about the said messuage containing 
 " 2 acres more or lesse, also pceU of pasture lying on South Side called 
 " Home Field containing 6 acres, and 4 closes called Lings containing 
 " 20 acres adjoining southwards to the last mentioned lands." 
 
 One of the inhabitants of Hall Place, Captain Lynn [circa 1750), 
 
 • Avirey, vol. ii. p. 33, speaks of " a great wood," called " Norwood," belonging to the see of 
 Canterbury, wherein was an ancient remarkable tree, called the " Vicar's Oak," where four parishes 
 meet in a point. This wood consists wholly of oaks. The Vicar's Oak was cut down in 1679. 
 
4S 2 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 quarrelling with a neighbour, challenged him, and in the ensuing duel was 
 killed by his antagonist, apparently somewhere close by the Old House.* 
 
 In 1768 the then occupier, under the inspection of the College, spent 
 some £2000 in replacing the wood by brick, and generally, to use his own 
 words, " converting the same into a habitation fit for the residence of a 
 " gentleman." Up till about 1773 there was no proper road to this house, 
 carts and other vehicles simply crossing the common " anywhere." In that 
 year Mr. William Kay, the lessee, made a proper road from the corner 
 of the common (now the corner of Gallery Eoad and Thurlow Park Eoad) 
 up to his house. Hall Place was finally pulled down about 1880, much to 
 the regret of many. It is, however, fair to add that in the words above 
 quoted it had so thoroughly been "converted into the residence of a 
 " modern gentleman," that all trace of Edward Alleyn's time had long 
 disappeared. It is thus described when the lease was ofiered for sale (but 
 withdrawn) by Mr. Christie in 1773 : — "A Brick Building firmly erected, 
 " judiciously planned and neatly finished in the present taste. It is an 
 " open, delightful situation, perfectly retired and free from Noise, Dust or 
 " the inconvenience of adjoining neighbours. The encircling vicinage 
 " genteel, the prospects diversified with distant Hills, rising Woods, and 
 " verdant Fields, and an extensive right in Dulwich Common." The views 
 given of this house were taken about twenty-five years ago. The back 
 view shows a portion of the old building. 
 
 KOADS. — The names of some of the present roads are to be found in 
 the Court EoUs, e.g. : — 
 
 May 1610. We doe fynde and present that the open ground or common beinge on 
 the Hill and adjoyninge on the South part of Viccars Oake Coppice and extending and 
 abutting as followeth viz' in Lenght from East to West from Low Crosse coppice to 
 Viccars Oake and in bredth throughout from North to South from Viccars Oake 
 coppice to the highwaie there, leading from Lewisham to Croidon ys to the knowled<Te 
 of diverse of this Jury the ground or soyle of the Lord of this Manner. ° 
 
 1621. The Jury found that the road on the West side of the College was very bad 
 (valde ruinosa) upon which Edward Alleyn gives sixty rods (sexaginta virgatas) of 
 land towards unproving the road; he also is to build a bridge over the common sewer 
 and to lay a sufBcient quantity of gravel on the road as to make it fit for carts and 
 
 „, * Dulwich meadows seem in later days to have heen used for dueUins. In Ca'otain Mnhf li-u- 
 W. H. MaxweU, published by Bentley, 1838, is the following :- ^ -^ '^*' ^^ 
 
 "Why, said the Colonel, my dear friend-I beg pardon, my dear Sir, the north of the City is so 
 notorious and Cockneys, through ignorance, so troublesome; that they will not permit one to 
 transact busmess quietly; lor as our countryman Sir Lucius says 'In England if a thinBeet^ 
 wind, people make such a pother, that a man cant fight in peace and quietness.' Now I |rf fer 
 for the Surrey side, and there is not a prettier shooting ground in Britain thin tbp nnl^Ti, 
 " Meadows. I think I could mark off as sweet a sod there, Is Iver a Eentleman was sLtI»? 
 "You are truly considerate Colonel; and my friend and I will ?e nSaT Buf w^^^^^^ 
 " our rendezvous le ? Oh the Greyhound. Capital house that CivilCople ^xceUenT wTn/^^i 
 " if a man's nicked, the greatest attention. I shall be there before you Farewell P' ' 
 
LOCALITIES. 453 
 
 carriages. After it was thus put in repair by him it was ia all time to come to be 
 repaired by the inhabitants under a penalty of £10.* 
 
 1629. Croxted Lane from the common sewer bridge in the foresayd lane to Brock- 
 hoUes grene to be a party lane, and Item, that from Brockholles bridge to the comer 
 of Deasy hill to be a party lane, and again the same lane from the corner of Hockley 
 hill East to the west comer of the land which the founder of the College purchased of 
 Sir Edward Duke, to bee a party lane likewise. 
 
 By the statutes £lO a year was to be paid to keep in repair the horse 
 and foot road to Camberwell, and occasional complaints of the inhabitants 
 are recorded that this money was not properly spent for its intended 
 purpose, and also requests that the money should not be paid to the road 
 surveyor, but spent on the roads by the CoUege itself. Still the road from 
 London was, even in Alleyn's time, a good one, as roads were in those 
 days. It came, as it does now, from London Bridge, through Walworth 
 and Camberwell, over Red Post Hill, through the village, taMng the right 
 or picture gallery side of the old College, and terminating at the south-east 
 corner of the common, near what is now the end of Gallery Eoad ; at least 
 after that, up to Norwood Common or Gipsy HiU it was a mere track or 
 right of way across the open space. 
 
 The roads in Dulmch itself existing in old times were, HaU Lane, Low 
 Cross Lane, Dulwich Court Lane, Dulwich Common Road or Lane, Croxted 
 Lane, and some College private roads. 
 
 Hall Lane was a broad grassy track (impassable in wet weather), 
 which followed pretty nearly the present road leading to Lower Norwood, 
 past the Alleyn's Head Tavern. 
 
 Low Ceoss LANEt was a green lane or track running between the 
 wood of the same name and Kingswood. 
 
 Dulwich Court Lane was a farm road or passage to Lordship Lane, 
 which latter was so called as dividing the lordship of Dulwich from that 
 of Frierne. 
 
 It has been said that Croxted Lane was used by the pilgrims 
 crotnof to the shrine of St. Thomas a Beckett, at Canterbury. Although 
 no written authority for this tradition can be found, it is probably correct, 
 as it is evident that for those devotees who came from the south side of 
 the Thames, outside of Southwark and Lambeth, it would be shorter and 
 pleasanter in fine weather to travel thus than by the Old Kent Road. 
 When they emerged from Croxted Lane they would find themselves on 
 Dulwich Common, across which there were various tracks leading up to 
 Sydenham Common, whence they could see their way for many miles 
 
 • Query, could this have suggested the statute ordering the payment of £10 annually for the 
 repair of the highways mentioned immediately below ? 
 t Sometimes erroneously spelt Cow Cross Lane. 
 
454 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 stretched out before tliem throngli Beckenham and Bromley, towards 
 Chevening, where they would strike the Pilgrims Koad (still traceable), 
 through Otford, Wrotham, and across the Medway at Snodland -Ferry, 
 passing thence by or near Lenham, Charing, Eastwell, and so along the 
 river Stour to Canterbury. 
 
 The Penge Eoad, now part of College Eoad, was originally made by a 
 Mr. Morgan in 1787 as an approach to his house on the top of the hiU, 
 the road at present running on the left of the old College being little 
 more than a broad track or right of way until it was improved and made 
 to lead into this private road of Mr. Morgan's, which was thus made 
 accessible to the local public. In a plan of the parish of St. Giles, 
 Camberwell, revised and corrected in the Perambulation in 1834 by W. G. 
 Poole, Morgan's road is laid down as what is now called Fountain Eoad, 
 College Eoad being called " Penge Eoad." The present Gallery Eoad is 
 there called " Back Lane." 
 
 There seems always to have been a road running across the Common 
 towards Forest Hill, as it does now, except that in earlier days it ran close 
 past the doorsteps of the houses — e.g. the door of the Blew House " gave " 
 on to the road without any forecourt. The present forecourts were taken 
 from the Common soon after the enclosure in 1805, the road being then 
 called Sydenham Eoad or Dulwich Common Eoad. 
 
 As a sequel to the description of the roads, it ought to be placed on 
 record that the present Turney Eoad and the portions of Eosendale Eoad 
 and Thurlow Park Eoad, which are on the manor, were made at the expense 
 of the railways when they first passed through the property. Townley 
 Eoad was made partly to give free access to Alleyn's school, and partly 
 under an agreement whereby an important portion of land (Oakfield House) 
 close to the new College was acquired by exchange for land close to where 
 Townley and Woodward Eoads join Lordship Lane. Almost all these roads 
 follow pretty nearly the line of old footpaths. 
 
 The Metropolitan outfall sewer foUows the course of Thurlow Park 
 Eoad, Gallery Eoad, the High Street of Dulwich, to the gate of the 
 burying-ground, v^hence it runs in a perfectly straight line towards AUeyn's 
 school, passing out of the manor in the field in the south side thereof. 
 
 Dulwich Common. — The name only of a Common now exists, the 
 last remains having been enclosed by Act of Parliament in 1805. The 
 preamble of this Act states that " there is within the Manor of Dulwich in 
 " the Parish of S* Giles Camberwell in the county of Surrey, a common 
 " called Dulwich Common and certain Waste Grounds containing together 
 " One Hundred and thirty acres or thereabouts." 
 
 In all probabihty, at and before Alleyn's time the Common extended a 
 good deal further east than at the date of the 1805 enclosure. There is 
 
LOCALITIES. 455 
 
 mention at early periods of Dulwicli Common Wood, of Eigates or Eicotes 
 Green, and other indications tliat the land south of what is now called 
 Dulwich Common Eoad was quite open on to Lordship Lane, beyond St. 
 Peter's Church and Cox's Walk, and up the hill towards the present Crystal 
 Palace. In short, the whole slope of the hill from Cox's Walk to Hall 
 Place and Croxted Lane, including the present or new Dulwich College 
 grounds, was a large open space, crov^ned by the ten coppices already men- 
 tioned. It is probable, moreover, that the woods in very early times stretched 
 down in some places until they came within a very short distance of the 
 old College and village. 
 
 In old days a windmill stood nearly opposite the pond in what is now 
 the northern end of the gardens attached to the new College. The pond 
 itself never was used as a miU. pond, though so called from its nearness to 
 the windmill. In a map of 1740, a "Bree Kill MiU" is indicated opposite 
 this mill. 
 
 Between the houses now occupied by Miss Druce and Mr. Henry Page 
 stood an old farm-house, inhabited a century ago by Bartlett and Eidley, 
 two names still existing in the hamlet ; the present stable of Mr. Page is a 
 part of the old building. 
 
 At one time there was a fair held on the Common, and but a few years 
 ago some of the older inhabitants could recollect it in its failing days. At 
 a still earlier period a bird market was held on Dulwich Common every 
 Sunday morning at six o'clock. 
 
 Here something may be said as to the safety of the roads in former 
 days. Some still alive can recollect what was called the patrol ; indeed, 
 the last man so employed died in the village about 1850. In addition to 
 this patrol, wliich was a local precaution, " there were," to quote an 
 indignant traveller, "watchmen with boxes, muskets and rattles for nearlj'' 
 " the whole of the first stage out of London, and notwithstauding there 
 " are robberies and murders every night." In the additional Dulwich MSS., 
 part 9, there will be found a letter from the chief inhabitants of the hamlet 
 in 1778, asking leave to establish a nightly watch, and to place a watch-box 
 in one of the recesses under the east window of the College chapel. 
 
 Dulwich Wells. — There were two distinct mineral springs, which 
 went by the name of Dulwich Wells. The more ancient of the two was 
 not on the estate but between Sydenham and Lewisham,* on the other side 
 of the hill which divides Surrey from Kent. At one time this place was 
 greatly frequented by seekers after health, not probably of the higher 
 ranks, yet in large numbers. From allusions in writers of the day it 
 would almost appear that many of the patients dwelt in huts or structures 
 of a temporary nature. For instance, an English traveller in Scotland, 
 
 - In E. Bowen's map of Surrey, 1767, he mentions the Dulwich "Wells, adding, " called Sydenham 
 " Wells from the famous physician of that name's approbation of the virtue of those waters." 
 
4s6 HISTORY OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 about the year 1700, mentions that the dwellings at Crawfordjohn, in the 
 wilds of the Lanarkshire hills, resemble " the buildings at Dulwich Wells 
 " near London ; the walls are either of earth or loose stones or are radled ; 
 " the roofs are of turf and the floors the bare ground." 
 
 This well is mentioned by Evelyn in 1675 ; and earlier still, a certain 
 Dr. Peters, in a book entitled Notable Things, published in 1648, gives 
 a long and minute description of its virtues. The following may be given 
 as a sample : — 
 
 This water strengthens the brain and nerves, prevents or cures the Apoplexy, 
 FalUng Sickness, Palsy, Dizziness, Ache of the Head, and suchlike symptoms. It 
 strengthens the stomach, causeth good digestion, consumes crudities, it makes gross 
 bodies lean and the lean fleshy, in a word this water will effect whatsoever by any 
 intention in a medicinal way is to be performed. 
 
 He adds that — 
 
 For a person of middle age and complete strength, I hold eight or nine pints a day 
 a fit proportion, taking at first a third part of the quantity and then walk half an hour 
 then take another third part and exercise half an hour more and then the last remain- 
 ing part and walk until all has passed out of the body until dinner time. You may 
 eat a few carraway comfits, coriander seeds, Elecampane or Angelian preserved to help 
 the digestion. Above aU be temperate in your diet, eat beef, mutton, veal, lamb, 
 chicken, pullet, turkey, partridge, pheasant, conies, &c. : forbear salt meats, ducks, 
 geese, bacon, tripe, salt fish, eels, old cheese, leeks, onions, cabbage, musk, melons, 
 cucumbers. As for drink, beer, ale or wine may be moderately drunk. Let supper 
 be larger than dinner and six or seven hours after it. 
 
 Dr. Peters further states that a certain person would have monopolized 
 the well by building and enclosing it, and thereupon it was observed that it 
 lost its taste, colour, and efiect, and people left off drinking it. Some time 
 after it was observed to return to its primitive goodness, " being bestowed 
 " upon the poor, and it hath held its virtue ever since." * 
 
 The second or real Dulwich Well was in the grounds of the inn called 
 the Green Man,t at the eastern end of Cox's Walk. 
 
 The following full description of its discovery and merits, by John 
 Martyn, P.E.S., Professor of Botany at Cambridge, is extracted from the 
 Philosophical Transactions for 1740, vol. xli. p. 835 : — 
 
 Dulwich is a village lying about Six miles South of London at the Foot of that 
 Eidge of Hills which divides the Counties of Kent and Surrey. The Purginw Sprino-s, 
 which have been esteemed for about a hundred years, and are commonly known by 
 the name of Dulwich Waters, have been improperly so called : those Springs arising 
 in a Valley on the South Side of those Hills, in the Middle of a large Common belon"- 
 ing to the Parish of Lewisham in Kent, whereas Dulwich is on the North Side of the 
 Hills in the Parish of Camberwell in Surrey. 
 
 * Alas for " ever since," the site of this well is now almost forgotten ! 
 
 t Now the Grove Tavern, or more familiarly, " Bew's Comer," from the name of a former 
 occupant. The present tavern was built in or about 1860. 
 
LOCALITIES. 457 
 
 There has not been any medicinal Spring observed in Dulwich before that which 
 is the Occasion of this discourse. 
 
 In the Autumn of 1739, M'' Cox, the Master of. a well known House of good 
 entertainment, called the Green Man at Dulwich, lying about a Mile beyond the 
 Vniage, was desirous to dig a Well for the Service of his House, there being no Spring 
 of good water near it. And as it was probable, that he would be obliged to dig pretty 
 deep, I was willing to observe what Strata of Earth he dug through. The first 20 feet 
 in Depth seemed to be only the Clay, which in a long tract of time, had been washed 
 off from the Steep Hill, at the Foot of which his house is situated. It was intermixed 
 with pieces of Eoots and Leaves, and with other Fragments of vegetable substances. 
 In digging 40 Feet deeper the Clay was found of various Colours, brown, blueish and 
 black; intermixed with a considerable Number of Pyritse or Copperas Stones, and 
 some pretty large Masses of the Waxen vein or Ludus Helmontii, which is also found 
 in great plenty on the Sea shore near the Spaw at Scarborough. 
 
 The Well being digged to the Depth of 60 feet, and no Water appearing, M"' Cox 
 caused it to be covered up, and gave himself no further Trouble about it that winter. The 
 following Spring, on my coming down, it was opened. I found 25 Feet of Water, of a 
 Sulphureous Smell and Taste, which went off after the Well had been opened some days. 
 
 As I had a strong Suspicion that this water was Impregnated with some Mineral, 
 I made an Inquiry into the Nature of it by the following experiments : — 
 
 1. It curdled Milk. 
 
 2. It became green when mixed with Syrup of Violets, which colour disappeared 
 in a few days. 
 
 3. Being poured on Green Tea, it did not acquire any colour. 
 
 4. Being mixed with powdered Galls, it acquired a deeper brown colour than Eain 
 water did, and continued turbid ; whereas the Eain water continued clear, after the 
 Galls were subsided. 
 
 5. Being shaken in a close stopped Phial, it disploded a Vapour on opening the 
 Phial before the Commotion ceased, with a more audible Noise than common water did. 
 
 6. Being mixed with Oil of Vitriol, and Oil of Tartar, a much more considerable 
 Ebullition was raised, than by the Mixture of those Liquors with Eain water. 
 
 7. Six Quarts of this Water, being boiled to a Pint, let fall a large Quantity of a 
 fine, whitish, insipid Powder ; and the water so boiled had a very strong Saline Taste, 
 with a mixture of bitterness, not unlike the Sal cartharticum amarum. 
 
 8. It let fall a copious white Sediment, on the Addition of the Oil of Tartar, which 
 has the same Effect on a solution of Alum or of Sal cartharticum amarum. 
 
 9. The boiled Water, after it had deposited its Earth, precipitated large white 
 Flakes, on the addition of Oil of Tartar. 
 
 10. It differs from a solution of Common Salt. For the Oil of Tartar, being 
 dropped into that Solution, caused only a slight Precipitation, which was soon after- 
 wards absorbed again by the Water. 
 
 11. It does not lather with Soap. 
 
 Having made these Experiments, I was satisfied that this new Spring was really a 
 Puroing Water, as it has since been found by Experience. Some of M'' Cox's Family 
 drank of it with Success, which encouraged several other Persons to try it, to their 
 great Advantage. 
 
 Being drank fresh, in the Quantity of Five half pint glasses, it purges quickly, not 
 sinking but raising the Spirits. 
 
 It is found to be very diuretic. 
 VOL. I. 3 M 
 
45 8 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 These Properties of the Dulwich Water do not seem to be owing to any of the 
 Materials found in digging the Well. The Pyritas are known to be a Mixture of Iron 
 and Sulphur, but this Water seems to have hardly any Parts of Iron in it (Exp. 3 
 and 4). The Spirit, with which it abounds (Exp. 5 and 6), may perhaps be owing to 
 a Fermentation of the Sulphur, wliich is continually flying off, as appears by the strong 
 SmeU of it, after it has been for some time covered up. And M' Cox has lately 
 informed me that a Silver Cup, which has been often used in drinking this water, has 
 acquired a yellowish Colour. 
 
 The Ludus Helmontii affords nothing but Iron, nor does the Clay, through which 
 they dug, discover any Salt in its Composition. We may therefore conclude, that the 
 HiU, which lies between the old Wells and this new one, contains the Purging Salt, 
 with which these Waters are impregnated. 
 
 I do not find any material Difference between the old and new Waters, except in 
 the Convenience of drinking them. The old Wells are at a distance from any house, 
 except some few Huts, and exposed to the Eain and Land floods, by which they are 
 often injured : The new Well is a mile or two nearer to London, well secured from 
 any injuries of the Weather. 
 
 John Maetyn. 
 
 December 11, 1740. 
 
 This Green Man afterwards ceased to be used as an inn, was renamed 
 Dulwicli Grove, and became tbe temporary residence of Lord Thnrlow, 
 whUe bis bouse at Knigbt's Hill was being built. It tben became tbe 
 well-known school of Dr. Glennie, wbere Lord Byron was " prepared " for 
 Harrow, as thus described by Tbomas Moore : — 
 
 On the west side of Lordship Lane, and opposite the wooded footway leading to 
 the summit of Sydenham hill, was formerly a school of considerable note under the 
 superintendence of D' Glennie. 
 
 The mother of Byron, having thought it advisable in 1799 to remove her boy to 
 London for the benefit of surgical advice, was anxious to place him at some quiet 
 school where the means adopted for the cure of his lameness might be more easily 
 attended to. The establishment of the late D' Glennie, at Dulwich, was chosen for 
 the purpose : and as it was thought advisable that he should have a separate apait- 
 ment to sleep in, the Doctor had a bed put up for hijn in Ins own study. 
 
 During his stay here, he is described as having been attentive to his studies, 
 playful, good-humoured, and beloved by his companions. He was excessively fond of 
 poetry, and shewed an extensive acquaintance with Sacred History. One little 
 incident which appears to have made a deep impression on the youthful mind of 
 Byron, and which was certainly remembered long afterwards, occurred here. Amongst 
 the books to which he had access, was a " Narrative of the Shipwrecls: of the Juno, on the 
 " Coast of Arracan, in the year 1795." Tliis pamphlet exactly suited the ardent and 
 inquisitive spirit of the " Childe," and some parts of its graphic and touching scenes 
 were subsequently woven with admirable effect into the second canto of " Don Juan." 
 
 It was probably during the vacations of the year 1800 and consequently in the 
 intervals of his residence at Dulwich that he commenced two important eras of his 
 existence. He began to Ime., and to -write, verses. " But," said he in after life, " I 
 " was a fool then ; and am not much wiser now." 
 
LOCALITIES. 459 
 
 No other incidents affecting his future life appear to have transpired at Dulwich 
 Grove, nor does his progress in scholastic duties or discipline seem to have been very 
 great, as lie was described on his arrival at Harrow, whither he next went, as a " wild 
 " mountain colt." 
 
 After the death of D' Glennie, the school was entirely pulled down, and a small 
 lodge of very unassuming character now occupies the spot. The original playground 
 and orchard retain something of their former character, and are occasionaUy resorted 
 to by parties of pleasure : few of its visitors probably being aware that the spot has 
 been consecrated by the presence of one of the greatest names ever associated with 
 our own privileged and happy shores. (Tlie Life of Lord Byron : His Letters and 
 Journals. By Thomas Moore. John Murray, 1847.) 
 
 Knight's Hill. — Although this estate is not within the manor of 
 Dulwich, yet as of late years a portion of it has become the property of 
 the CoUege, some notice of it may be given. 
 
 The European Magazine for July 1786, vol. x. p. 8, contains an 
 engraving of the house, with the following remarks : — 
 
 Knights HiU Farm, the villa of the Eight Honourable Edward Lord Thurlow, 
 Lord Chancellor of Great Britain, is situated between Dulwich and Norwood. When 
 his Lordship purchased it a few years since, it was a common farm house. He has 
 since caused it to be new fronted, and some additional apartments and offices have 
 been built, and the gardens and adjacent grounds laid out in a pleasing taste ; in 
 which, however, utility has not been sacrificed to show. From its vicinity to town, 
 and agreeable situation, it has become the favourite residence of his Lordship, when 
 he is disposed to exchange the pomp of state for the pleasures of retirement and 
 domestic felicity. 
 
 In a collection of prints of mansions in Surrey, published in 1795, is 
 also to be found a picture of the mansion, to which the following letter- 
 press is appended : — 
 
 This new seat of Lord Thurlow, situated near Dulwich in Surrey, at the distance 
 of about six mUes from London, is erected near an old farm house, for some years 
 inhabited by M" Hervey, who has long been under his Lordship's protection. 
 
 The estate was bought by Lord Thurlow, of the Duke of S' Albans ; and the 
 grounds have been considerably enlarged by subsequent purchases : they form a very 
 extensive and beautiful sheep walk. 
 
 The present edifice, though grand, is in the plain, simple style, from a design by 
 M' Holland, which detracts not from his high reputation as an architect. It is built 
 of those peculiarly neat-looking bricks called Suffolk Malms : and is remarkable for 
 being the very first house finished throughout with the newly introduced cone floor- 
 ings, hitherto only partially adopted. 
 
 From the upper stories, the views are delightful, over Kent, Surrey and the 
 metropolis : and the winding of the Thames is likewise plainly discernible all the way 
 from Gravesend to Chelsea, being a circuit of more than thirty mUes. 
 
 The house and grounds are nearly compleated, and the whole aiTangement is 
 annually improving in beauty ; the expences, it is said, fall Kttle short of thirty 
 thousand pounds. 
 
46o HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 Although, not the property of the College, the Gipsy House is often 
 mentioned ; it was situated in that part of Norwood now called Gipsy Hill, 
 and is described as " on a small green in a valley surrounded with woods." 
 The sign-post was a portrait of Margaret Finch, who was styled Queen of 
 the Gipsies ; she died in 1740, at the alleged age of 109 years. Lysons 
 says that from a habit of sitting on the ground with her chin upon her 
 knees, the sinews became so contracted that she could not rise from that 
 posture, and so was buried in a deep square box. Her niece Bridget, also 
 Queen of the Gipsies, died in 1768 ; her burial took place in the College 
 burying-ground, and is thus recorded in the Register — " Old Bridget the 
 " Queen of the Gypsies bured August 9*^" The Gipsies haunted that 
 part of Norwood long before that period.* 
 
 The inns or taverns on the Dulwich Manor are at present (1888) four, 
 viz. The Half Moon-, originally established about 1760 ; The Crown, 
 about 1720 ; The Greyhound, which is marked in a list of about 1816 as 
 " Ancient; a new addition by Eobert Boxall 1776, and by William Middle- 
 " cott 1813." The Middlecotts conducted this inn with great respectability 
 for four generations, ending about 1870. The family of Goodman held 
 the Crown for nearly as long a period. The Grove Tavern, built about 
 1860 on the site of the old "Green Man," which existed in 1700. In 
 1754 mention is made of the Assembly Rooms attached to the Green 
 Man.t 
 
 During the eighteenth century, and possibly before that, there also 
 existed the following inns and taverns : — 
 
 The Bell, before 1773 : it was in the village near the Greyhound. 
 
 The Hare and Hounds, about 1720 or later : exact site not known. 
 
 The White Hart stood a little to the south of the North Dulwich 
 Station, where " Ivy House " now is. 
 
 The French Horn was on the east side of the old College. It was 
 afterwards used as a National School, the master, Mr. Tijou, livino- in a 
 part of it for many years. ° 
 
 There seems also to have been a " Denmark Hill Tea Garden," kept 
 by Luke Lightfoot in 1765. 
 
 The College.— This building was erected by John Benson in 1613 
 
 * Pepys in his diary, 1667, mentions that "his wife and Mercer and Deb" went to have their 
 fortunes told, apparently at this place, though the description is somewhat indefinite, 
 t That Vauxhall and Ruckholt and Ranelagh too, 
 And Hoxton and Sadlers, both Old and New, 
 My Lord Cobham's Head and Dulwich Green Man, 
 May make as much pastime as ever they can. 
 
 —Mmvk in Good Time, a new Ballade 1745. 
 
THE COLLEGE BUILDINGS. 461 
 
 (see p. 18). It has been stated by old writers tliat it was designed by 
 Inigo Jones, but this theory rests solely on the fact that he was present 
 at the foundation. As, howe'ter, AUeyn, in his ofl&cial capacity of Master 
 of the King's Games, was frequently brought into contact with Jones, and 
 at least once spent several days in his company, and as no mention what- 
 ever is made of an architect in the buUder's contract, it is more probable 
 that the visit of Inigo Jones was made in the capacity of a friendly fellow- 
 ofl&cial than in that of the designer of the building. A more plausible 
 origin for the plan of the College has been found in the fact that Alle)^! 
 had some acquaintance with a History of Amsterdam, published in 1611, 
 by Jan Isaac Pontanus, in which is an account of an institution in that city, 
 founded in 1550 by Hoesia Nicolaa Paradys, a wealthy matron, for the 
 reception of aged men and women, and called the " Geronticomium." * 
 Pontanus' work contains an engraving of this asylum, which bears a 
 resemblance to the early prints of Dulwich College, so close that it can 
 scarcely be conceived to be accidental ; and though the theory cannot be 
 supported by evidence, it is at least not improbable that AUeyn, hearing 
 of the institution at Amsterdam, which was flourishing at the time, and 
 devoted to objects similar to those he contemplated, should have studied 
 Pontanus' account of it, and thought the general design of the building 
 worthy to be copied. He obtained a translation of the statutes of the 
 institution, as given by Pontanus, which is extant at the College (MSS. 
 V. 48). 
 
 Be this as it may, the College building has gone through a good many 
 changes during its now nearly three centuries of existence. It must be 
 admitted that the original plan was not a very good one, and the builders 
 must have " scamped " the work, otherwise it would not have " tumbled 
 " down " so frequently as the records show it to have done. There are 
 various descriptions of it from time to time in old writers, occasionally 
 couched in somewhat contemptuous and sarcastic language. 
 
 Edmund Howes, in his continuation of Stow's Chronicles, published in 
 1631, gives an account of the constitution of the College, and describes 
 elaborately the consecration of the chapel, but does not say anything as to 
 the buildings themselves. 
 
 Evelyn, in his diary, under date 2nd September 1675, says : — 
 
 I went to see Dulwich Colledge being the pious foundation of one AUen a famous 
 Comedian in King James time. The Chappell is pretty, the rest of the Hospitall very 
 ill contrived ; it yet maintains divers poore of both sexes. 'Tis in a melancholy part of 
 CamerweU parish. I came back by certain medecinal Spa waters at a place called 
 Sydnam Wells in Lewisham parish much freq[uented in Summer. 
 
 • See Plate. 
 
462 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 Jolin Aubrey, F.R.S., writing in 1719 {Natural History and Antiquities 
 of Surrey), says : — 
 
 About two miles from Camberwell, in the hundred of Brixton (the richest in "this 
 county) bordering on Kent, is an Edifice containing two Quadrangles called the College 
 of God's Gift at Dulwich. ... 
 
 On the outside of the several Parts of this Building are several dates of Eepairs : 
 as at the East End of the Quadrangle — 1656 : at the West End 1651 — on which side 
 is situate the Picture Gallery, at the North End of which is the year 1667, denoting 
 the Eepair of that Part which feU down about that time. In it are several worthless 
 pictures, and some not so bad ; viz' the Eounder, and his first wife, Henry Prince of 
 "Wales, Sir Thomas Gresham, Mary Queen of Scotland, and several others given by M' 
 Cartwright, a Comedian whose picture is at the upper end. At a small distance is 
 situate the Chapel wherein are the following remarkables. In the Chancel on a free 
 stone, on the South Side in Capitals is this Inscription — 
 
 Here lyeth 
 in Hope of the Kesurrection 
 the Body of 
 Joane, the religious and 
 loving wife of Edward 
 Alleyn Esq, Founder of 
 this Colledge, who de- 
 parted this mortal 
 Life the 28'" of June 
 1623, being in the 
 51 year of 
 Her age. 
 
 Painted on the South Wall in the shape of a Monument, in Capitals, is this 
 Inscription — 
 
 Jone Allene, the religious 
 and loving Wife of Edw. 
 Allene Esquier, Founder of 
 this Chappel and Coledge, depa 
 rted this mortal Life with- 
 out Issue on Saterdaye 
 being the 28 of June 1623 
 And was solemn ely 
 interred on the first 
 Daye of July, following 
 In the Quire of this 
 Chappell. 
 
 On a greyish marble in the middle of the chancel is this Inscription 
 
 Here lieth buried the Bodie of Edward 
 
 Alleyn, Esquire, the Founder of this 
 
 Church and Colledge, who died the 
 
 21 Daye of November 1626. 
 There have been eight lines more but so worn out as to be now illegible. 
 
THE COLLEGE BUILDINGS. 463 
 
 On the North Side, on a Grave stone of white Freestone, in Capitals, is this 
 Inscription — 
 
 Here lyeth 
 
 the Body of Anne 
 
 Jenslowe, late Wife to 
 
 Philip Jenslowe Esc[' one cf 
 
 the ordinary Sewars of the 
 
 Chamber to Queen Eliza- 
 
 heth, and King James the I. 
 
 Three lines are worn out, and now illegible.* 
 
 There is a Library, in which is a Collection of Plays given by M'' Cartwright a 
 Bookseller who lived at the End of Turnstile Alley (a Place which was at iirst designed 
 for an Exchange for the vending of Welch Erizes, Flannels, &c. as is visible on the Left 
 Hand coming from Lincoln's Inn Fields, where it is turned with Arches). This 
 Cartwright was an excellent Player, and besides his Plays gave many Pictures ; one a 
 view of London, taken by M' John Norden in 1603 1 with the Eepreseutation of the 
 City Cavalcade on the Lord Mayor's day, which is very curious. 
 
 Again, in a survey of the Cities of London and Westminster, by Eobert 
 Seymour, published in 1734, it is stated : — 
 
 The CoUege is a strong Gothick Building the Front of Stone, and the Side wings 
 of Brick, which are the Houses of the twelve poor people, six on one side for the men 
 and the same number on the other side for the women. . . . 
 
 The Churchwardens of the Parishes above mentioned (S' Buttolphs Bishops- 
 gate, S' Saviour's Southwark, and S' Giles, Cripplegate) meet twice a year viz' on the 
 4'" of March, and 4'" of September, to look into the affairs of the College and have a 
 dinner provided for them. In the Eoom where they dine are several anticnt pictures, 
 particularly of the Founder, his Father, his Brother, his Wife, and his Mistress, % who 
 by this Picture was a most beautiful woman ; there is likewise a Picture of Prince 
 Henry eldest son of ICing James I., and several old heads of the Kings of England 
 from William the Conqueror to Henry VIII.; of the Apostles; and of the antient 
 sybills. Joyning to this Eoom is a Gallery 80 feet long and 15 broad, in which are 
 likewise some good pictures especially one of S' Jerome. This long Gallery, which is 
 the whole length of the West Wing of the House, over the Apartments of the Six poor 
 women, is seldom made any use of but upon the Election of a warden, and then there 
 is commonly a Ball § in it. 
 
 Again, a vmter in the Gentleman's Magazine, vol. xv. p. 426, 1745, 
 
 states : — 
 
 They assemble at prayers twice a day in the Chappell, One of the clergymen 
 belonging to the foundation officiates. If a spirit of devotion was ever peculiar to any 
 place I believe it is so here. The hearty, the unaffected piety of the pensioners, the 
 plainness and simplicity of the place, the universal decency, the sober and reHgious 
 behaviour of the congregation (which consists chiefly of respectable citizens, who have 
 
 * All these inscriptions liave long disappeared. 
 
 t This has unfortunately been missing for many vears. 
 
 % See Chapter XVIII. p. 482. § See Chapter IX. page 272. 
 
464 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 country retirements in the neighbourhood, and honest farmers and their families who 
 think of nothing in going to church but serving God), are all irresistible excitements 
 to piety, and a " beau " would be devout here, for fear of beiag unfashionable. . . . 
 
 In the Gallery belonging to the College are a great many pictures, the donations of 
 different people ; some are very well done, particularly one representing some father of 
 the Church, or religious hermit. His countenance expresses at once all the severity 
 that is produced by a detestation of immorality with all the composure and secret joy 
 that piety occasions. Fair Eosamond tho' in faded colours still preserves charms 
 enough to render King Henry's immoderate passion for her excuseable; and the 
 Founder seems to observe with pleasure those happy institutions he has made. There 
 is also the picture of a boy, formerly belonging to this College, drawn by himself, and 
 that, without the assistance of any master in the art of painting : The piece is generally 
 Eillow'd to be very well done.* 
 
 The gardens have nothing extraordinary in them : they are in the old taste, and 
 small; but very proper for the place, and furnish'd with fruits and vegetables for the 
 use of the College. 
 
 The Library is compos'd of books necessary to the School, and has but few MSS.f 
 (if any). The founder has been at no unnecessary expence, but made all the 
 ornamental parts subservient to the main point the happy establishment of the 
 revenues and comfortable support of the distress'd. A garden, elegantly laid out, had 
 indeed very much contributed to the beauty, but little to the use of the place : and a 
 library of valuable books and scarce MSS. had been of less use here than anywhere. 
 Nothing material is omitted, nothing superfluous has encreased the cost ; which plainly 
 shews the founder's aim was the service of his fellow creatures, not the vanity of 
 having built a college. 
 
 In the August number of this magazine for the same year, 1745, is the 
 following, said to be " written on the wall of the College of God's Gift at 
 " Dulwich, founded by Edward AUeyn, Esq., who died 1626 " : — 
 
 Quod petis, hie est : Horace. 
 Attend, vain shade of ^gypts mighty Lord J 
 For sumptuous walls, and tow'ring piles ador'd § 
 Whose hand laborious taught their pride to rise. 
 To spurn afflicted earth, and threat the skies. 
 Own you mistook the road to real fame ; 
 And view these humbler roofs w"" conscious shame. 
 Say, to what end you rear'd each mighty tow'r ; 
 Each fond effect of too luxuriant pow'r ? 
 Say, to what end thy lab'ring subjects groan : 
 And load whole regions with a mass of stone ? 
 Say, where the praise whole millions to consume. 
 And lie, magnific, in a splendid tomb ? 
 See for the poor, these friendly walls appear ; 
 Want finds reHef, and charity is here. 
 
 * Possibly No. 73 in the appendix to the catalogue. 
 
 t The writer must have been curiously misinformed, as the MSS. then in the College were verv 
 numerous, and the library by no means contemptible. 
 
 % Cheops. § The Pyramids. (These two notes are in the original.) 
 
THE COLLEGE BUILDINGS. aH 
 
 Here, let the honest and distress'd repair, 
 And with their maker's bless the founder's care. 
 Survey the joys that charity can bring 
 And see the player * far excel the king. 
 Courts to the dead thy mighty fabrics give ; 
 These walls receive, and nourish those who live. 
 
 A paper in the European Magazine, vol. x., August 1791, after giving 
 an account of the institution, thus speaks of the College itself : — 
 
 The original edifice, which was begun about the year 1614, after a plan of Iirigo 
 Jones, is in the old taste, and contains the chapel, master's apartments, &c., in the 
 front, and the lodgings of the other inhabitants in the wings, whereof that on the 
 east side was handsomely new built in 1739, at the expence of the College. Among 
 the observables therein, they have a small library of books, and once had a good 
 collection of plays given by old M'' WilHam Cartwright, a comedian, and said to be an 
 acquaintance of the founders : he was also a Bookseller, and lived at the end of 
 Turnstile Alley by lincoln's Inn Fields. Not far from the Library there is in the 
 "West "Wing, a long gallery full of pictures, whereof the best were those left by the 
 founder himself ; to which were added also M' Cartwright's collections ; and amongst 
 them a curious picture of London, from a view said to be taken by M' John IsTorden, 
 the topographer, in 1603, with the representation of the city procession on the Lord 
 Mayor's da^.f The founder's picture is at full length, in a robe or gown ; but the 
 resemblance of his face is said to have been drawn when he lay dead in his coffin. 
 There is also a portrait of his former wife, of Mary Queen of Scots, of Henry Prince of 
 "Wales, of Sir Thomas Gresham, of both the Cartwrights, elder and younger, and many 
 other persons of note, as appears by an old catalogue preserved of them. A late 
 master's picture painted by M' Charles Stoppelaer, J formerly of Covent Garden 
 Theatre, is also here. The master's rooms are richly adorned with old furniture, 
 which he purchases on entering into his station, and there is a Library, to which every 
 master is expected to add some books. The CoUege is also accommodated with a 
 very pleasant garden, adorned with walks, and a great profusion of fruit trees and 
 flowers 
 
 It is curious that this writer makes no mention of a substantial renova- 
 tion of the west wing, which must have been in progress when his article 
 was published, for in the Letters of Horace Walpole, edited by Peter 
 Cunninofham (London, 1859), the following appears under date 8th June 
 1791, only two months before : — ■ 
 
 8 June 1791. This morning I went with Lysons the Eeverend, to see Dulwich 
 College, founded in 1619 by AUeyn a player, which I had never seen in my many days. 
 We were received by a smart divine § trls bien povdrd and with black satin breeches 
 
 ^lijufc they are giving new wings and red satin breeches to the good old hostel too, and 
 
 destroying a gallery with a very rich ceiling : and nothing will remain of ancient, but 
 
 * Mr. Allejii belong'd to the Theatre Royal. (This note is in the original.) 
 t See note on page 463. t Probably James Allen (1721-1746). 
 
 § The smart divine mu-st have been the Eev. Thomas Jenyns Smith, preacher 1785-1830. 
 VOL. I. 3 N 
 
466 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 the front, and an hundred mouldy portraits among apostles, sybils and Kings of 
 England. 
 
 Dr. Lysons, who accompanied Horace Walpole on this visit, thus speaks 
 of the College in his Environs of London, published in 1792 : — 
 
 Dulwich College consists of a front and two wings, which form three sides of a 
 quadrangle : over the door in the centre of the front building, is the following inscrip- 
 tion upon a tablet of black marble : — * . . . . 
 
 The west end of the front building contains the hall, kitchen, and offices on the 
 ground floor : above stairs are the apartments of the master and warden : the east end 
 is occupied by the chapel, a plain unornamented structure. 
 
 A cemetery was consecrated at the same time with the chapel. It is situated 
 about a quarter of a mile from the college, near the road to London. The chapel is 
 now frequented by the inhabitants of the hamlet, to whom it serves as a chapel of 
 ease : the parochial duties being performed by the senior fellow. 
 
 The contents of the picture gallery have been very cursorily mentioned in all the 
 histories of the college. Aubrey, from whom the succeeding writers on the subject 
 seem to have copied, says that there are portraits of Henry Prince of Wales, Sir 
 Thomas Gresham, Mary Queen of Scots, and some other worthless pictures. The two 
 latter portraits are not there, and as they are not mentioned in the old catalogue, it 
 may be presumed they never were : of the remaining pictures which are treated with 
 so much contempt, some have much merit and many are valuable, as being original 
 and unique portraits of remarkable persons. 
 
 Adjoining the audit room is a small library, in which are the books bequeathed to 
 the college by M' Cartwright. This library formerly contained a very valuable 
 collection of old plays which were given by the college to M'' Garrick when he was 
 making his theatrical collection, in exchange for some more modern publications. 
 There still remain some scarce editions of books in various departments of literature 
 as it may be imagined would be found amongst the stock in trade of a bookseller, who 
 lived in the middle of the last century. The college is likewise in possession of a few 
 curious MSS. Among them is the Founder's diary, to which I have had frequent 
 occasion to refer, and from which I here subjoin some curious extracts with occasional 
 observations 
 
 The east wing of the college has been entirely rebuilt : it was finished in 1740 
 and cost the college above £3600. In the centre of this wing, on the first floor is the 
 schoolroom, and on each side the fellows' chambers, which are spacious and pleasant. 
 Beneath are the apartments of the poor brethren. 
 
 Behind the college is a garden of very considerable extent, whence the view in the 
 second plate of the college was taken ; it exhibits the south side, consisting of the 
 chapel and the master's apartments. (Lysons, vol. i. pp. 105-117.) 
 
 In Pietas Londonensis, by Mr. Highmore (1810), who seems to have 
 been a resident in the neighbourhood, is given a description of the College, 
 with a copy of the statutes. His chief authority seems to have been 
 ;' Lysons." He mentions that in the centre of the east wing was this 
 inscription — " Collegii sumptibus 1739." 
 
 * The inscription has been already printed on page 216. 
 
Part of Dulwicp College Quadrangle 
 
 1797. 
 
THE COLLEGE BUILDINGS. 467 
 
 Finally, a modern writer, Mr. Douglas AUport, in Ms Collections 
 Illustrative of the Geology, History, Antiquities, and Associations of 
 Camberwell and the Neighbourhood, printed for the author in 1841, thus 
 describes the various changes in the College building : — 
 
 Dulwich College was originally a large but mean-lookiDg buildiiig, two stories 
 high, and forming three sides of a square. It had at first a steeple, which fell down 
 on the 6"" July 1638, and soon afterwards a considerable part of the fabric shared the 
 same fate. The west wing was repaired in 1667, and the porch, which had also fallen 
 down, in 1703. It retained an antiquated appearance till nearly the close of the last 
 century, when the eastern wing was rebuilt in the substantial style of that period. It 
 was of red brick, with stone pilasters and pediment, and independently of its heavy 
 appearance had nothing in harmony with the other parts of the building. 
 
 It ought to be added that there now remains but little of the old 
 building which Edward Alleyn so carefully superintended. During the 
 present century large alterations have been made. The tower, which 
 originally faced the south, has been pulled down, and rebuilt on the north 
 side, in the centre of the quadrangle, with a cloister along the wall on 
 either side of it. About 1864 Mr. Lindsay's bay window,* at the north end 
 of the east wing, which really performed no duty, either useful or orna- 
 mental, was pulled down, and an additional set of eight almshouses took 
 its place. The west wing was in 1857 adapted as best could be done for 
 the use of the upper school ; but some of the class-rooms had literally 
 been used as coal cellars and other domestic offices, and so were quite 
 unsuited for scholastic purposes. When the new College was opened in 
 1870, the lower school got possession of this wing, with the addition of the 
 old library, and there it remained till 1887, when the new Alley n's school 
 was opened. The ultimate destination of this portion of the buUdings will 
 probably be to revert, partly at least, to the Founder's wish, and be trans- 
 formed back again into almshouses. 
 
 The former garden of the old College stretched southwards up to the 
 walk across the " Howlets," since called the Grove. The houses now called 
 CoUege Gardens cover the whole of it, except the small portion still attached 
 to the chaplain's house. It was of the old-fashioned sort, without walls, 
 and full of fine old fruit-trees and curious shrubs. The large Judas tree 
 stiU standing against the chapel waU was planted in the year 1816. 
 
 Tradition has it that there was a special sort of elm-tree planted near 
 the College, which came from Holland ; and it must be admitted that the 
 foliage of some of the elms in the " Howlets " bears a close resemblance to 
 that to be seen in many of the Dutch pictures in the Gallery close by. 
 
 In 1850 it was proposed to establish on a part of Champion Hill (near 
 
 » Erected in 1831. See p. 359. 
 
46S HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 the present residence of Sir H. Bessemer) a " Botanical and Horticultural 
 " Society " for South London, similar to that then so prosperous at Chiswiek. 
 The Master, Warden, and Fellows seem to have favoured the suggestion, 
 but ultimately abandoned it on finding that the chief tenants of the College 
 in the vicinity strongly objected to anything of the Idnd. Among the 
 most strenuous opponents were Mr. John James Euskin, Mr. Stone of the 
 Casino, and Mr. Matthias Attwood of Dulwich Hill. It is difficult to see 
 why these gentlemen should have demurred to a plan which would have 
 insured an open space for ever on a spot certain otherwise to be built 
 upon. 
 
 Opposite the north gate of the old College stands a weather-beaten 
 milestone, with the inscription, — 
 
 V 
 
 Miles from the Treasury Miles from the Standard 
 
 Whitehall. Cornhill. 
 
 On the back are the words, — 
 
 Siste Viator 
 T. T. 
 1772. 
 
 The initials T. T. stand for Thomas Test, citizen and cooper, who was 
 long an inhabitant of the place.* 
 
 The chapel of the College seems to have remained as it was when con- 
 secrated in 1616, being, of course, repaired from time to time, until the year 
 1823, when a new gallery was built on the south side, and an addition of 
 several pews made in the interior. The cost of this was mainly defrayed bv 
 the tenants of the College, who acquired by their subscriptions of £8 per 
 seat a right to the sole use of pews during the currency of their several 
 leases.t The present oak screen and carved pulpit and stalls were erected 
 about the same time. 
 
 It appears that when Mr. Hume presented the font to the chapel in 
 1729 (see p. 217), he intended it to have a copper cover with emblematical 
 designs, thus described by him : — 
 
 " The copper cover of the font rais'd Cupalo-wise, to be divided into 
 " four cantons, one of which is to be our Saviour baptized by John in 
 " Jordan, with the distich, — 
 
 Lustravis non, Christe tibi purissime iiostris 
 Purgandis maculis sanctificatus aqua. 
 
 * In Manning and Bray's Bisiory of Surrey tlie name is given as Thomas Treslove, J.P. Letters 
 and other papers at the College show that this is erroneous -^'c^iuve, o.r. j^euers 
 
 t See p. 353. 
 
MR. HUME'S FONT. 469 
 
 " On another, Philip baptizing the eunuch, with this verse, — 
 
 Eluitur labes auimse Baptismatis undtl 
 
 Non frustra ^thiopem, Sancte Phillipe, lavas. 
 
 " On the third side, Christ with an infant in His arms, blessing it, — 
 Suffer little children to come unto me, etc. 
 
 " The fourth side next the wall blank." 
 
 A copper cover still exists, but bears no sign of any sort of ornament, 
 being thickly smeared with common paint. It is not now used, and the 
 font no longer stands against the wall. 
 
[ 47° ] 
 
 CHAPTEE XVIII. 
 
 THE PICrUEES AND PICTURE GALLERIES. 
 
 The Founder of the College had at least a desire to encourage art, as is 
 shown by his purchase of pictures at various times (see Diary, 29th 
 September and 8th October 1618, 25th and 30th September 1620, where 
 he records the prices paid for Kings of England, Sibyls, and the like) ; and 
 although these specimens, almost all still in existence, are sorry enough 
 efforts, stUl they showed some sort of craving for art. He also bought 
 the upper part of the Queen's Barge for £2. 2s. 6d. on the 19th December 
 1618, and in the July following had it fitted up as a chimney-piece in the 
 College. It now forms the over-mantel of the library in the new College, 
 and consists of two figures depicting piety and liberality. 
 
 On the left panel is Pietas (so inscribed), a female figure in yellow drapery and a 
 white wimple. In her left hand she holds up a flaming altar, and with the down- 
 stretched right hand she clasps the neck of a stork. On the right panel is Liberalitas 
 (so inscribed), a female figure in a green dress with a scarf across the body, her left 
 hand raised, her right hand down ; in each hand a cornucopia ; from that in her left 
 hand issue fruits and flowers ; from the other, coins, books, spoons, pens, shoes, and 
 various other articles of dress and ornament. {Supplement of Catalogue, p. 50.) 
 
 The portrait of Alleyn, now in the Board Eoom of the new College, is a 
 very good painting, and that of his wife Joan evidently a " speaking like- 
 " ness ; " they were probably lefb to the CoUege by the Founder, but there 
 is no direct evidence to that effect. That of himself, life-size, was probably 
 painted some years before his death ; * it certainly appears to be that of 
 a man rather under than over fifty years of age. There is no trace of a 
 painter's name, but it bears some resemblance to the work of Marc Geerarts 
 or Gerard or Garrett. The elder of the name was a native of Bruges, and, 
 coming to England in early life, was appointed painter to Queen Elizabeth : 
 he died about 1604 ; but his son, of the same name and much the same 
 style, continued to paint in England till about 1635. If either had a hand 
 in Alleyn's portrait, it must have been Geerarts the younger. Under the 
 portrait a large framed tablet was formerly suspended with the following 
 
 ■* Notwithstanding the tradition mentioned on page 465. 
 
THE FOUNDERS PORTRAIT. 471 
 
 inscription : — " With a view to hand down to posterity the pious memory 
 " of Edward AUeyn Esq: founder of the College of God's Gift Dulwich, 
 " A.D. 1626, this original Portrait was repaired by M' George Paterson, of 
 " S' Botolph, Bishopsgate, London, and these frames given by M"" Henry 
 " Stent and M'' Eichard Woodyer, churchwardens of the said parish. 
 " A.D. 1790." 
 
 Mr. George Paterson and the churchwardens of St. Botolph had the 
 best intentions, but it is apparent that they considerably altered the 
 picture. The face seems to have been largely " assisted," and the beard 
 trimmed, although the linen frill appears to be untouched. The hands 
 seem genuine, except probably the ring ; but the right shoe is " false " and 
 out of drawing. A comparison between two engravings, one before and the 
 other after Mr. Paterson's " repairs," corroborates this view. The first is of 
 head and shoulders only (oval), with this inscription : " Edward AllejTi 
 " Esq^ Founder of Dulwich College, engraved from the original by 
 " J. Wooding. Published by C. Stalker Aug* 1. 1789." In this the 
 beard is square cut and rather long, the moustache dark and strong, the 
 face looking almost straight at the spectator. The second engraving is a 
 full-length, and is inscribed, "Edward AUeyn, from the original at Dulwich 
 " published March 1792 by E. Harding, Fleet S'. S. Harding del*. T. 
 " Nugent sculp*." In this, as in the original as it now is, the face is more 
 turned to the left, while the beard is cut close to the shape of the face, the 
 moustache being thinner and lighter than in the other. The only important 
 difference between this latter engraving and the original picture is that 
 the ring is on the fourth, instead of the little finger, and the gloved left 
 hand holding the right hand glove between finger and thumb, is very 
 badly engraved. 
 
 " The picture of Joan AUeyn is assumed to be such on the authority of 
 " tradition in the College. It bears the inscription, jEIS. 22. 1596; but 
 " on the tombstone formerly in the College chapel it was stated that she died 
 " on the 28th June 1623, 'being in the 51'* year of her age.' The two 
 " dates maybe reconciled on the supposition that the portrait was painted in 
 " the early part of the year 1596, and that she had then already completed 
 " twenty- two years of her age, and that she completed twenty-three years 
 " before June 28, 1596, and therefore fifty years before June 28, 1623." 
 
 These pictures, as has been said, were probably left by AUeyn to the 
 College, but no specific allusion is made to them in his wiU, and they must 
 have passed under the denomination of " all the wainscots, hangings, pictures, 
 " carpets, presses, tables, chairs, forms and stools iu the said College." 
 
 In June 1661 it is recorded in the audit book " that the Picture GaUery 
 " feU down." This was probably an addition after the Founder's death, as 
 nothing of the sort seems to have formed part of his plan. Be this as it 
 
472 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 may, the son of his friend Cart-wTight supplied the want by his bequest in 
 1686 of a number of pictures as well as books and other articles, under 
 circumstances which have been fully described in Chapter VIT. 
 
 These pictures, as well as those of the Sibyls and Kings and Queens of 
 England, were hung in a gallery 11 feet in length by 15 feet 6 inches in 
 breadth, which occupied the upper part of the west side of the quadrangle ; 
 but when (about the year 1791) this wing was partially rebuilt, the 
 pictures were removed to the various rooms in and about the College, 
 where they remained until 1870, when they were carried to the Master's 
 house in the new CoUege. 
 
 It being felt that while they remained in a private house the public 
 were practically debarred from any use of them, it was resolved in 1885 to 
 appropriate one of the unused wings of the Bourgeois Gallery to this 
 collection, and there they will now be found, with the exception of the 
 portraits of the Founder and other officials of the College, which are hung 
 on the walls of the Board Eoom. One of the three portraits of James Allen 
 (Master 1721-1746) has been given to the governors of the girls' school 
 founded by him, where it hangs in the reception room. 
 
 A catalogue of all the pictures and portraits formerly in the Master's 
 house has been compiled by the Eev. Alfred J. Carver, D.D. (Master 1858- 
 1883), and Mr. John C. L. Sparkes, Principal of the National Art Training 
 School at South Kensington, which is quoted above, and to which the 
 reader is referred for a very careful and minute descriptive history of each 
 picture.* 
 
 By Cartwright's catalogue it appears that his collection consisted in 
 his hfetime of 239 pictures : of these, however, he gave away some, his 
 servants stole others after (and perhaps before) his death, and probably 
 some have been since lost or destroyed in various ways, the result being 
 that only 76 now remain at the College. 
 
 This catalogue of Cartwright's is so characteristic as to deserve preser- 
 vation ; it is therefore given here almost verbatim. 
 
 The consecutive numbers are those of Cartwright — the numbers in 
 italics indicate the pictures still in existence : — 
 
 Teansceipt of Caetweight's Catalogue. (Dulwich MSS. vol. xiv.) 
 
 1. A dish of Appricoks in a dish, a closit pece in a gilt frame (aiuen in 
 
 Eothen's dufter). ^ & v& 
 
 2. A pictur of a naked woman & an ould woman houlding up y' courtin & y* 
 
 sheet up, in a gilt frame, a closit pece don by dob. 10'. a skets by 
 dobson. -^ 
 
 3. y' pictur of uennus & cupid & cearis & baccus in a gilt frame a smal closit 
 
 pece. 20'. 
 
 * The descriptions of the pictures here given are chiefly taken from this source. 
 
MR. CARTWRIGHT'S CATALOGUE. 473 
 
 4. a -wich a coungring with a iittell, in it, & a gotte & other spirits about her 
 
 in a gilt frame a closit pece. 10". 
 6. queen marys pictur in oring coluard bodes, after von dik, coped by oul 
 
 Eome in a gilt fram a closit peece. 5\ 
 
 6. a man Reading of a ballet & a man taking a pipe of Tobacco, with a payre 
 
 of Tongs in his hand with a cole of fier in um a smal closit pece in a gilt 
 frame by hemskirt. 1'. 
 
 7. a landscif of flusshers in a gilt frame a small closit peece. 
 
 8. a boys head, Eed hayrd in a gilt frame a smal closit pece. 
 
 9. a cott of armes in a gilt frame. Closit pece. 5^ 
 
 10. y° print of erasmus in a black frame filited with gould. 5'. 
 
 11. a print of our Lady & Sauiour, 5 figuers more, in a black frame, closit 
 
 pece. 1'. * 
 
 12. y° print of Thomas howard duke of Norfolk a closit pece in a gilt frame. 
 
 by Hollbaine. 
 
 13. y° pictur of a duch woman with her cot of Armes, in a gilt frame, a closit 
 
 pece. 3'. 
 
 14. a head with a busshey beard in a gilt frame a clossit pece. 10'. 
 
 15. a head in a plain band, in a gilt frame, a closit pece. 3'. by John Payn. 
 
 16. a head of a boy a sleepe in a gilt frame a closit pece. 5'. 
 
 17. a creon of a mans head with a beard in a black frame couered with a glass 
 
 a clossit pece. 3\ by grinhill. 
 
 18. a creon of pallas head in a black frame couered with glass a closit pece. 
 
 3'. by grinhill. 
 
 19. a creon of a mans head in a black frame couered with glass a clossit pece. 
 
 2". by grinhill. 
 
 20. a Landscife painted on glass in an ebony frame a small closit pece. 3\ 
 
 21. a Landscife painted on glass in an ebony frame a small closset pece. 3'. 
 
 22. y° pictur of Judath & holifimis painted on copp" in an ebony frame a closit 
 
 pece. 3'.* 
 
 23. 2 men taking of Tobacco, a full pot & a pan of coles on a barr" in a gilt 
 
 frame, a closit pece. 5'. by hemskirt. 
 
 24. three men at cards & 3 Looking on, in a gUt frame on a bord a closit pece 
 
 by hemskirt. 5'. 
 
 25. a pictur of a westfalia gamon & a blue Juge in a gilt frame, on a bord. 3'. 
 
 101. 26. Thre Duchmen on with a Juge in his hand taking a pipe of Tobacco & 2 
 
 men Looking on him, a Lather, a barrell, a cherne, a Mttell, a Lanthorne 
 & other Thmgs in it, on 3 quarters clout pasted on a bourd in a gilt 
 fram. 5'. 
 
 102. 27. a duchman in a Eed wascot taking tobacco a fire before him, a parsell of 
 
 ketteUs, chems & earthen pichards in 3 quarters clouth in a gilt frame. 5'. 
 99. 28. an ould pictur on a bord with soulders a horseback in a gilt frame dun by 
 Brueghel. 5'. 
 
 29. Appolos head don with a pen in a gilt frame a closit pece. 1'. 
 
 30. a skets of pilat giuing our Saviour to y° Jews, in a browne frame, don on a 
 
 bourd a closit pece, don by Tiutoret. 10'. 
 
 31. a woman in her Smok .... in a gilt frame a closit pece on a bord. 4'. 
 
 * Note by a later hand, " The warden has this." 
 VOL. I. 3 
 
474 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 32. a boy in a Eed mantell ove his shurt on a bourd, in a gilt frame don by 
 
 Johnson a closit pece. 
 
 33. A soulder & a wench .... on a bourd in a gilt frame a closit pece. 7 . 
 ""34. a pictur of our Sauiour & his disipells at his last supper, on a bord, m black 
 
 & whit in gilt frame. 6'. 
 
 35. a paintin of y° king of franco his head Luege y° 13'^ to be seeing m a 
 
 sellinder glass put iii y" midst of y° bourd & looke in y" glasse, you may 
 see him perffetly, a clossit pece on a bourd without a frame. 8\ 
 
 36. an other painting of on going oner a brige, set y° glass in y° midst & you 
 
 may see it, pamted on a bourd without a frame, closit pece. 2\ 
 
 37. A drawing on a blue papper, pastid on a bourd, has y° figur of a minster 
 
 drawne, set y° glass in y° midell of it & you may see, a closit pece. 1'. 
 
 38. a painting on a bourd of our kinge a hojseback set y' glasse in y" centter & 
 
 you may see it plaine a closit pece. 2'. 
 
 39. an other bourd with 4 seuerall things to see with y" silinder glasse set in 
 
 Y midst of y° bourd, y' first is a rabbet & other is Acteon with horns, on 
 y° other sid of y° bourd is an Asses head with a halter on his nose, y° 
 other is a hand spanning .... a closit pece. 10'. 
 
 40. 2 bords tyde together, in one of them is a woman's head, in y" other bourd 
 
 41. is painted 2 naked figuers .... in a tente & an ould woman houlding 
 up y° end of y" tent, there is in on of thes bourds a thing to puU out, & 
 at y° end of it a brass playt with a Lickell hole in it, Look through that 
 hole with on eye & winke with y" other & let on hould y" bourd streat & 
 euen to your eye, & put y° hole close to your eye that is open & you may 
 perfitly see them, this thinge with y° hole in it serues for y° other pictur 
 of y° head to see that so. 4'. 1'. 
 
 42. Our Sauiour head in black & whit on pastbourd in a black frame a closit 
 
 pece. 10% 
 
 43. To fryers on wod cut out. 3'. 
 
 44. Anould manshead inaEed Cap withaLonge whit beard, anouldcractthing. 10'. 
 
 45. A whit cow on a bourd in a gilt frame &-elo&it^6set 2'. 
 
 46. a Ked bull on a bourd in a gilt frame. 2'. 
 
 47. a woman milking of a gote a woman by her & gots lying doun, on a bourd 
 
 in a gilt frame (M"'. havt has). 2'. 10^ 
 
 48. a gote on a bourd in a gilt fram a closset pece. 2'. 10^ 
 
 49. A horse tyd to a stub of a tree in a gilt frame. 2\ 10°. 
 
 50. Tow Swans in y° waiter in a gilt frame. 2\ 10'. (M'. Cowley.) 
 
 51. y° pictur of a woman halfe-naked & a young man brought to her by another 
 
 woman, in a gilt frame a closit pece. 1'. 
 
 52. A cobler taking a pipe of tobacco a whit Juge befor him in a gilt frame a 
 
 smal closit pece by hemskirt. 1'. 1 0'. 
 
 53. A woman taking a pipe of tobacco a glass of strong watter by her in a gilte 
 
 frame a smal clossit pece hemskirt. V. 10'. 
 
 54. to reading a ballet in a gUt frame a smal closit pece by hemskirt. 1'. 10'. 
 
 55. A fryer with a tobacco pipe in his hand in a gilt frame a small closit pece. 
 
 hemskirt. 
 
 ^G. 56. buship Lauds pictur in black & whit in a gilte frame a small closit pece. 1'.* 
 
 ' Pencil note " in y° Library." 
 

 57. 
 58. 
 
 
 59. 
 60. 
 61. 
 
 
 62. 
 63. 
 
 
 64. 
 
 
 65. 
 66. 
 
 1S3. 
 
 67. 
 
 105. 
 
 68. 
 69. 
 
 MR. CARTWRIGHTS CATALOGUE. 475 
 
 A Eope of frute in a gilt frame a smal closit pece. 1'. 
 
 tow men, on with a Juge in on hand & a Eomer of Einish wine in y' other, 
 
 in a gilt frame a smal closit pece. 10^ 
 A fox head in a gilt frame a smal closit pece. 10°. 
 
 A fryer Eeading in a book a small closit pece in a gilt frame, hemskirt. l'._* 
 a woman with a glass of brandy in her hand in a gUt frame a smal closit 
 
 pece don by hemsldrt. 10'. 
 hemskirts head don by himselfe in a gilt frame a smal closit pece. 10'. 
 A fryer confessing of a man in a gUt frame a small closit pece, don by 
 
 hemskirt.* 
 2 naked boys & 5 figuers more in it a Longe narrow pictur in a gilt frame 
 
 on a bord, very ould. 1'. 
 A shoke doge in a gilt frame, don by fuller. 3'. 
 A schulmaster & a schoul mistris & boys & girles a there books on a bourd 
 
 in a gilt frame by hemskirt. 6'. 
 A hare hauging upon a huk & 2 birds on a Table in a gilt frame on 3 
 
 quarters cloth. 3'. 
 y° Duke of yorke in a gilt frame, on 3 quarters cloth. grinhiU. 2'. 
 A great Larg pictur of Sumer, An ould man & a boy shering sheep, a cart 
 
 of corn & 2 Eepers 2 women & a boy at diner in a black & gould frame. 
 
 After Bassan. 15'. 
 10 Jt. 70. A greate Large pictur of y° Spring, in it 2 gotes a man & a woman milking 
 
 them, a man with 2 gray hounds a Spanell & a hare on his shoulder & 
 
 a man with a tube in a black & gould frame don after Bassan. 15'. 
 A soulder with a Juge in his hand Looking in it a lofe of bread by him in a 
 
 gilt frame on 3 quarters cloth. 5'. 
 A woman in a blue mantell, in a gilt frame on a 3 quarters clouth don by 
 
 housman. 5'. 
 A pictur of a Cods head & other fishis on a tabell & a red Juge in it, a 
 
 Large pece in a gilt frame. 5'. 
 A man on his death-bed, a doctor & nabors Eound a bout y° bed on a 3 
 
 quarters clouth in a gilt frame don by hemskirt. 15'. 
 A henne & 5 chikins on 3 quarters clouth in a gilt frame. 7'. 
 King Charles y" Second on 3 quarters clouth in a gilt frame. 2'. 
 Altheas pictur her hare desheuell on 3 quarters clouth in a gilt frame. 2'. 
 my first wifes pictur Like a Sheppardess on 3 quarters clouth in a gilte frame. 3'. 
 A great Large pictur of Auttum, in it on IVeding grappes in a Tub, 2 oxon 
 
 drawing a carte, a young man & mayd gathring graps of y° nine, a spanell, 
 
 A woman taldng up 2 baskets of grapps, & a man pouring out grapps out 
 
 of a basket, in a black & gould frame. After Bassan. 15'. 
 107. 80. A great Large pictur of winter, in it a man cleuing of wood, A bucher dress- 
 ing a hoge a woman spining by y° fiere, 2 men Loding an Asse with wood. 
 
 In a black & gould fram, don after bassan. 15'. 
 81. An angiU apering to y° Sheppards with gotes & Sheppe, on 3 quarters 
 
 Clouth in a gould fram. 
 78. 82. Joseph, & Mary & our Sauiour, Joseph Leading an Asse & our Lady & our 
 
 Sauer on it in 3 quarters Clouth in a gilte frame. 3'. 
 
 " Pencil note " in y° Library." 
 
 67. 
 
 1 -1-. 
 
 72. 
 
 
 73. 
 
 
 74. 
 
 1131. 
 
 75. 
 
 11. 
 
 76. 
 
 19. 
 
 77. 
 
 32. 
 
 78. 
 
 106. 
 
 79. 
 
476 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 108. 83. A great Large pictur with a great hous, an ould man sheering a sheep with 
 
 Sheepe & gotes in it & a woman milking a gote, with 2 oxon & a cart of 
 
 corne, &. 
 84. A Large pictur of Joseph & y® Buttlers wife naked on a bed, in a black 
 
 frame. 5'. 
 1^7. 85. A Long pictur of grapps peaches & other frut with a SquereU in it, in a gilt 
 
 frame. 3". 
 126. 86. A Long pictur of frut & a bird in it, in a gilt frame. 3\ 
 128. 87. A Long pictur with flouers, a Lobster an oring, a glass of rinish wine a 
 
 Lemon cut, a Chinia dish with grapes & appells in it, a Chinia bason full 
 
 of Straberys, in a gilt frame. 3\ 
 
 88. A wind mill & a barge in a Eound black frame a small closit pece. 3". 
 
 (mis Butler in Cornhill.) 
 
 89. our Ladys head on a bord without a frame a very small on. 2'. 
 
 90. An ould man in a gown Linnd with firr, a book his hands a crosse, a greay 
 
 beard, on a bord in a gilt frame. 10\ 
 59. 91. S' Jerom in Eed Leaning of his hand 3 quarters clout in a gilt frame. V. 
 92. A naked woman Looking in a glasse Cupit houlding it in a gilt frame. A 
 great large pece. 15\ 
 9. 93. Qunne mary in a whit sattin goun a Larg pece in a gilt frame. To y' 
 
 knees. 5'. 
 8. 94. Kinge Charles y° first in a slashed dublet, & a ruffe a Larg pece in a gilt 
 frame. To j" knees. 2\ 
 27. 95. grenhiUs pictur to y° knees in Read dun by himselfe. grinhill. 5\ 
 3, 96. y° duchiss of Suffouck on a bourd in a white goun Imbrothred with pearls 
 in an ould fashiand frame. To y' knees. 5'. 
 63. 97. A pictur of a woman in an Imbrodred gown & in a Euff on a bord. To y° 
 knee. 4'. 
 98. S'' gorge Sands in Trunke house to y" knee on a bord. 10'. 
 81. 99. our Sauiour & John after uandik in an ould fashiond fram. 4\ 
 18. 100. Colonell Louliss his pictur in armor in a great sUt frame, 3 quarters 
 clouth. 3'. t= & u 
 
 2. 101. y° earle of exitors head y° ground of it gould in a black frame. 5". 
 102. a woman head with her hands a Cross in a gilt frame. 4\ 
 ?68. 103. a womans head on a bord, dun by M' burbige y° Actor in an ould gilt 
 
 frame. 3'. 
 57. 104. S' Palus head in a black frame filited with gould. 1'. 
 
 48. 105. M' burbig his head in a gilt frame a smal closit pece. 5'. 
 106. M' Demetrus pictur in a gilt frame don by gild... 10'. 
 
 61. 107. a doctars head with a veluit cap, a gray beard in a blake fram filited with 
 
 gould. 5'. 
 6. 108. Mickill darayton y° poet in a black frame. 15". 
 
 49. 109. M' Slys pictur y° Actour in a gilt frame. 1'. 
 
 69. 110. A girles head doun by fuller in a blue bodys in a black frame filited with 
 
 gould. 5'. 
 S3. 111. Our Sauiour & 2 Soulders in a gilt fram 3 quarters clouth. 5\ 
 
 112. Mis Wessons pictur in a black frame filited with gould 3 quarters 
 
 clouth. 1'. ^ 
 
 113. M' Wessons pictur in a black frame studed with gould 3 quarters clouth. I'. 
 
MR. CARTWRIGHTS CATALOGUE. 477 
 
 114. M' brutnalls pictur in a black frame filited with gould, 3 quarters clouth. 2". 
 
 115. My Last wifes sisters husband in a black frame, 3 quarters clouth. 10°. 
 33. 116. My Last wifes pictur, with a black uaile on her head in a gilt frame 3 
 
 quarters clouth. 3'. 
 65. 117. A man with a balld head in a gilt frame in 3 quarters clouth don by 
 
 grinhill. 10'. 
 13. 118. quenne mary in blue in a gilt frame 3 quarter clouth. 2\ 
 70. 119. A woman in a green mantell a chaine of pearle on her head on a bord in a 
 
 black frame fileted with gould. 2', 
 SJ^. 120. My last wifes sister in a black frame 3 quarts clouth a book in her hand & 
 
 in a hatt. 10'. 
 W. 121. My Lord Louless in a red mantell, in a black frame 3 quarters clouth. 1'. 
 12Ji. 122. A pictur of a glass of Clarit, a Lofe of Bread an oring 2 apprecoks a Komer 
 
 of Eenish wine on a Tabell couered with a green clouth in a gilt frame, 
 
 3 quarters clouth by M' walton. 2'. 
 87. 123. Shusana & y° 2 elders in a gilt frame a closit pece. 2\* 
 103. 124 a company of Jepseys in a black frame filited with gould. 10'. 
 100. 125. a pictur of men & woman a slidinge a winter peace in a broune frame on a 
 
 bord. 1\ 
 
 126. a glass of flowers on a bord in a black frame a closit pece. Baty Scott. 5'. 
 
 127. a Caesars head on a bord in a black frame filited with gould a small pece. 5'. 
 
 128. a Landscife on a bord, a windmill & a waggon & pssengers in it, in a gilt 
 
 frame. 5". 
 
 129. mircry killing argus in a black frame filited with gould a small closit 
 
 pece. 10". 
 98. 130. Tyme & Truth & a house on tirr & one wonded on y" ground on a bord in a 
 black frame. 
 
 131. a sea scife with a tower on a Eock on a bord in a black frame a small on 
 
 (mary scot y° child has). 2'. 
 
 132. a very smal ould mans head with a Long white beard in a black frame a 
 
 closit pece. 2^ 
 
 133. a Shok doge in a blue frame. 5'. 
 
 134. A Land scift with a hous on a hie cKft in a gould frame a closit pece. V. 
 
 135. A Landscift of y° sunn seting a closit pece in a gilt frame. 15'. 
 
 136. a Landscift with a windmill & , with a barge sayhng, in a gilt frame 
 
 a closit pece. 2'. 
 
 137. A pictur of a Eomer, in clays of gould & a Lemon in it & graps in a gilt 
 
 frame a closit pece. 
 
 138. a Longe pece of mossis passing y' Eed, & pharow pershuiug Them, in black 
 
 & white a closit pece in a black frame filited with gould (a skits). 10*. 
 
 139. A Landscift painted on Copper of our Sauiour & y' woman that gethered 
 
 sticks on y° Sabboath day ; 'in an eboney frame a Clossit pece. 1'. 10". 
 
 140. S' Jerom in black & whit in a black frame a closit pece. 1'. 
 
 141. a deaths head in a black frame. 10'. 
 
 142. an oule in a black frame filited with gould. 151 
 
 143. 2 appells & 2 birds in a black frame. 11 
 
 144. our Lady & Sauiour in a black frame. 1'. 10'. 
 
 ' Inserted in a later hand, " In y° Master's room." 
 
473 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 80. 145. Joseph & maiy & our Sauiour & S' John with a hird in his hand in a blackc 
 frame. 2'. 10". 
 
 146. Three naked boys a soulder & 3 women in a black frame. (M' Butler has 
 
 for Copy Scot.) 
 
 147. an ould mans head painted on pastboard with a Long Eed heard in a black 
 
 frame. 51 
 52. 148. Tom bonds pictur, an Actour, in a band Rought with Imbrodery bared neck 
 on a bourd in a black frame, very ould. 2". 
 
 149. a camill on a bourd in a black frame. 3'. 
 
 150. ms blundall in an ould fashand dresse in a black & gilt frame on a 3 quarters 
 
 clouth. 10\ 
 90. 151. Uenus & Adonis & 2 sayters, on pickin out a Thome out of his fout, in a 
 black frame, on a board a small on. 15°. 
 
 152. A cassell on fire in y° watter with men Rowing in bots, in a black frame. 101 
 
 153. A great Large Landskift with a faire house & Trees & a barge with a flage, 
 
 whit & Red & 2 watter men & gentellmen & women going into it 
 (giuen to Sargent Ramone).* 3'. 
 
 154. S' Johns head in a charger on 3 quarters Clouth in a black frame. 5^ 
 
 155. y° earl of essix Lying dead in his bead his crown on his bossom in a black 
 
 frame. 5'. 
 66. 156. M'. dirges wife in a hat & ruff in a black Tram 3 quarters Clouth. 
 
 157. Ca3sar a horsback in a black frame 3 quarters Clouth (steuen scot y° child). 
 
 158. Cleapatra naked with a uipor in her hand on a bord in an ould frame. 
 
 159. A Large Seascift with a watch hous in a black frame an ould tourn Thing. 5'. 
 
 160. hodsons cot of armes in a black frame 3 qua clouth. 5'. 
 
 161. A pictur of gaily potts & a deaths head & glass in a marbelld couler frame 
 
 3 quarters clouth. 1'. 
 
 162. A round sheld with a cote of Armes on it. 1'. , 
 88. 163. An angell, a flying, on a bourd in a black frame. 10'. 
 
 8^. 164. our Sauiour with a Crown of Thorns 2 Solders & on in a red habet, with a 
 
 Long beard a Larg pece to y° knees in a black frame. 3'. 
 15. 165. S' Will. Loulass on a bord to j" knees with a chan of gould about his neck, 
 
 in a Ruffe & truncke hous in a black frame. 2'. 
 51. 166. M' pirkines y° Actour in a 3 quarts clouth in a gilt frame. 2". 
 60. 167. master feilds pictur in his shurt on a bourd in a black frame filited with 
 
 gould an Actour. 10'. 
 
 30. 168. oui m' Cartwright Actour in a gilt frame. 15^ 
 
 31. 169. young m' Cartwright Actour in a gilt frame. 15'. 
 
 170. an Indian woman taking of her Child out of a bed, on a bourd, a Lar^e on 
 
 in a gilt frame. 7' ' '^ 
 
 171. a Child in bead, with Red curtins painted on a bord with an ould fashind 
 
 frame. 10'. 
 92. 172. a he foole, with a candell & a shee foole with a mous-trap a Lono- Lart^e 
 pictur in a black frame. 2'. r o o 
 
 173. The sheld with a Red Crosse on it. 
 4. 174. S' martin furbushers pictur in a whit dublet & a great Ruff, with a "ould 
 chaine in a black frame. 101 ° 
 
 ExclSS'1'67^ -Xar^ °' ''"^' '"" ^^"^-^ *° ^^° ^- '''' ■' «-S-"*- 16' 7 ; Baron of 
 
95. 
 
 175. 
 
 96. 
 
 176. 
 
 
 177. 
 178. 
 
 17. 
 
 179. 
 
 16. 
 14. 
 
 180. 
 181. 
 
 
 182. 
 
 
 183. 
 
 
 184. 
 
 '22 
 
 185. 
 
 MH. CARTWRIGHT'S CATALOGUE. 479 
 
 A pictur of a bag piper, & a man corting his Lass on a large bord, in a 
 
 black frame filited with gould. 5'. 
 2 naked women, an ould man with a Long whit beard & red mantell a doge 
 
 & a Tritan. a Large pictur on a bord in an ould fashand frame filited 
 
 with gould. T. 
 A Larg Landscife in a black frame filited with gould a very ould on. 
 A Long pictur of 3 or 4 fooles won with a catt an other with with (^sic) a 
 
 balk, an other with an oul with out a frame. 101 
 Loullass his father in black Armor & a red Scarfe on a bourd, in an ould 
 
 black frame. 
 Thomas Loulass his pictur with a hare Lip on a bourd in a black frame. 10'. 
 Sargant Loulass in his red Eobes, on a bord, with his cot of armes, in a 
 
 black frame filted with gould. 10'. 
 my Lady Loulass with a little monkey in her armes on a clouth to y° knes 
 
 in a black frame. 1'. 
 A he & a shee fools Loking in a Looking glass in a black frame 3 quarters 
 
 clouth. 10'. 
 y° ould man that dimolesht y° earle of Essx in y* aby of west minster with 
 
 a hattich in a black frame, 
 a great pictur of fouls & a Eabett & a hare in a gilt frame a uery Long 
 
 Large pece. 12'. 
 
 [One sheet missing, ISTos. 186-209.] 
 
 210. a bunch of grapes, a Lemon, cherreys & figges, in gilt frame a Closit pece 
 (mis Archyoul has). 10°. 
 79. 211. Josiph & mary & our Sauiour on a clauth pasted on bourd. 5'. 
 212. Seaser a horsback in a gilt frame on a bord a clossit pece. 1". 
 117. 213. a smal seascift in a gilt frame a closit. 1'. 
 
 214. a small seascift don by peteres in a gilt frame a closit pece. 5'. 
 
 215. a chappell pece belonging (erased) with shutters to sumthing broking (m' 
 
 Keate has home againe). 2'. 
 116. 216. A seascift of a calme with ships & a wharfe in 3 quarters Clouth in a gilt 
 frame. Castros. 3'. 
 
 217. a prity Long seascift of a barge fuU of passingers & 2 wharfs with men on 
 
 Them in a gilt frame. Castros. 3". 
 
 218. A seascift sumthing calme with ships & wharfe in a gilt frame. 2'. 10'. 
 
 Castros. (m"" hart has.) 
 lllj^ 219. a seascift ruffe watters with shipps & wharfe in a gilt frame. 2'. 10°. 
 Castros. 
 
 220. a night seascift. Castros. 2\ 10'. 
 
 221. A seascift of a ship on a bord in a black frame filited with gould, 
 
 222. a large seascifte of tenn foot hie & nine foot broud with with (sv^ shipps & 
 
 a man of warr under sayle, a Euffe watter, a whayle & a Long bot with 4 
 men in it rowing, & a wharfe with seueraU figers on it. 34'. poune. 
 Castro. 
 
 223. a Large seascift of 2 yards Long, & a yard & quarter deep, in it 4 Long 
 
 bots, a great hie gate a wharfe, & Ladys & gentellmen going into one of 
 y° Long bots, & a galley with passengers y° cullers of galley are greene 
 red & whit a calme watter, in a gilt frame. Castro. 10'. 
 
48o HISTOR Y OP DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 118. 224. a Large Seascift of 2 yards Long & a yard & somthing more depe, shipps a 
 
 block hous a wharfe & an Ale house, a Euffe watter in a gilt frame. 
 
 Castro. 10". 
 113. 225. A galley of Malta y* coulers Eed with whit crosses full of passingers, a yard 
 
 & a halfe Long & a yard deepe in a gilt frame. Castro. 7'. 
 226. A sea-scift of 2 Shipps, a galley fuU of Soulders a hot with 4 men in it a 
 
 wharfe, a Large hous & church, painted on a clouth a yard & 3 quarters 
 
 Longe & a yard deepe. Castro. 6". 
 115. 227. A Large pece of a sea fight in a gilt frame an elle deepe & a yard broud. 
 
 Castro. 4'. 
 109. 228. A Large Landscift don by Streeker in a black frame, fileted with gould. 
 
 Castro. 3'. 
 
 229. A great pictur of my Lady blundaU with a doge by her. 10". 
 
 230. A pictur from head to foot of my Lord of dorset in a black frame. 2". 
 
 231. A pictur from head to foot in black, with a counsellers staffe, in a black 
 
 frame. 2\ 
 
 232. An ugley womans pictur from head to foot in a black frame. 5^ 
 
 233. A great Large pictur of martha & mary & our Sauiour, martha with a 
 
 spitt in on hand & a foule in y° other, a basket with rates in a black 
 frame. 2". 
 29. 234. my pictur in a black dress with a great doge. 
 
 235. A sea scift of 3 quarters cloth in a black frame dun by Castre. 
 
 236. A sea storme in a gilt frame 3 quarts cloth. 
 
 129. 237. A pictur of fruts round in form of a sheeld in a gilt frame 3 quarters 
 cloth. 3'. 
 
 238. a house & gardin with smal figer, in a gilt frame a closit pece. 4". 
 
 239. a cassell on a green in a gUt fram (m'' Scot has). 
 
 Although some of the Cartwright and other pictures outside of the 
 Bourgeois Collection may not possess great artistic excellence, even these 
 in most cases have peculiarities, either from their history or want of history, 
 which give them an interest of their own ; for example, No. 62, the 
 " Portrg,its of a Man and a Woman, in an emblematical picture," attributed 
 to Lucas de Heere, thus described by Canon Carver : — 
 
 " This picture is in a black frame, and contains the portraits of a gentleman and 
 lady, three quarters length. He has a beard, a small ruff and a ring on his fore 
 finger ; she is in a close dress, a small ruff, close head dress, with rings on the middle 
 and little finger of the right hand and on the little finger of the left hand. Between 
 them is a tomb, below which lies a corpse, naked, except a cloth round the middle. 
 The head of the corpse rests on a sheaf of corn, and ears of corn lie beneath the body. 
 On the tomb is a skull, on which rest the gentleman's left hand and the lady's rioht, 
 which are joined. Above this is a burning candle in a candlestick, on each side of 
 which is a wool pack and a brass or metal vase filled with flowers. 
 
 Over the gentleman are arms in four quarterings. On the tomb, by his side the 
 arms of Prance and England quarterly. ' 
 
 Over the lady, in the upper part of the picture, arms in six quarterings. 
 
THE CARTWRIGHT PICTURES. 481 
 
 Over the gentleman's head, setatis suse. 47. 
 
 Over the lady's head, setatis 28. 
 
 Over tlie joined hands, W. I. ' Behowlde ower ende ' I. I. 
 
 Under them, on the face of the tomb, 
 
 'Thewordeof God 
 
 Hathe knit vs twayne 
 And Death shall vs 
 Devide agayne.' 
 On one side of the tomb, ' AN°,' on the other ' 1560.' 
 
 The candle stands between these words, ' Thus consumythe ovr tyme.' 
 
 On each wool-pack is a merchant's mark. On one, ' an° I,' on the other ' an" X.' 
 On each wool-pack is written, ' Good Semster P. daell.' 
 At the bottom of the Picture, ' Lyve to dye and dye to lyve etarnally.' 
 Pound the frame, in gold letters, beginning at the top, 
 
 ' when we are deade and in owr graves, 
 And all owre bones are rottvn. 
 By this shall we rememberd be. 
 When we shulde be forgottvn.' 
 The size of the picture is 2 ft. 7| in. x 3 ft. 4^ in." 
 
 Again, the sea-piece, No. 113, described by Cartwrigbt as "A Galley of 
 " Malta y" coulers Eed with whit crosses full of passengers, a yard & a 
 " halfe long & a yard deepe Castro;" and No. 118, described by him as 
 " A large Sea Scift of 2 yards long & a yard & something more depe, 
 " shipps, a block hous, a wharfe & an ale house, a Euffe watter Castro," 
 are full of life and movement, and are no doubt good illustrations of the 
 ships of the seventeenth century, although all knowledge of the painter 
 " Castro " has utterly disappeared. 
 
 The portrait of John Greenhill, the artist (1649-1676), painted by 
 himself, is also a noticeable work in this collection, as are the various 
 portraits of the Lovelace family. There are also portraits (frequently 
 engraved) of well-known actors of the seventeenth century, viz. Eichard 
 Burbage, William Sly, Nathaniel Field, Eichard Perkins, Tom Bond, and 
 "William Cartwright. To these were added in the present century portraits 
 of Charles Kemble and of Mr. and Mrs. George Bartley.* 
 
 Mr. Eobert Seymour, in A Survey of London and Westminster and 
 Parts adjacent, 1734, says, describing the College :— 
 
 In the room where they (the Churchwardens) dine are several antient pictures 
 particularly of the Founder, his Father, his Brother, his wife, and his mistress, who by 
 the picture was a most beautiful woman. There is likewise a picture of Prince Henry, 
 eldest son of James I, and several old heads of the Kings of England, &c. &c. 
 
 * Bartlev was the son of a cook in Dublin Castle. He came out as Hamlet, but is now the 
 acknowledged representative of Falstaff. He married Miss Smith.— ^?i Old Man's Diary, by J. 
 Payne CoUier, part iii. p. 47. 1832. 
 
 VOL. I. ^^ 
 
482 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 Joyning to this room is a gallery ia which are likewise some good pictures, especia,lly 
 one of S' Jerome. This long Gallery is seldom made auy use of but upon the election 
 of a Warden, and then there is commonly a Ball in it. ..(See page 272.) 
 
 Good Mr. Seymour must have been imposed upon as to the father, 
 brother, and mistress of the Founder; there is no record of any such 
 pictures ever having been in the College, and as to the last-named, the 
 imputation on the character of Edward AUeyn seems to be without any 
 foundation whatever. 
 
 In the Gentleman's Magazine, 1745, mention is made of "the picture 
 " of a boy formerly belonging to the College drawn by himself, and that 
 " without the assistance of any master in the art of painting. The piece is 
 " generally allowed to be very well done." No picture now in existence at 
 the College tallies with this description, unless it be No. 73, in which case 
 the "boy" must have painted himself after he had become a man. 
 
 The Boukgeois Collection of Pictures. 
 
 After the Founder himself, by far the greatest benefactor to the College 
 was Sir Peter Francis Bourgeois, who in 1810 made a will by which he left 
 the whole of his pictures, with £12,000, to the Master, Warden, and 
 Fellows of Dulwich College. It has been stated that he did this at the 
 suggestion of John Philip Kemble ; it is quite possible that this was the 
 case, as he was a friend of Mr. Desenfans, but it also appears to admit of 
 no doubt that about the time of the death of Noel Joseph Desenfans, the 
 Master, Warden, and at least some of the Fellows were on friendly terms 
 with Sir Francis Bourgeois as well as with Mrs. Desenfans, who both lived 
 at No. 11 Charlotte Street, Portland Place, where the body of Mr. Desenfans 
 was preserved in a sort of mortuary chapel or mausoleum in the back 
 garden. Prayers were statedly said in this place of temporary sepulture, 
 and theEeverend Eobert Corry (usher 1806-1812, schoolmaster 1812-1813), 
 one of the Fellows of Dulwich College, was, as appears from Sir P. F. 
 Bourgeois's will, the chaplain. Tradition has it, that he, backed by the 
 Master,_ suggested the bequest ; it must, however, be admitted that there 
 is nothing whatever now remaining on record at the College to corroborate 
 either theory. 
 
 The greater number of the pictures in the gallery were collected, before 
 1807, by the celebrated picture dealer, Noel Joseph Desenfans, for 
 Stanislaus, King of Poland. They were originally intended for a National 
 Gallery at Warsaw; but the subsequent misfortunes of the king, which 
 ended in the dismemberment of the Polish kingdom, prevented the further- 
 ance of the design ; after his death in 1798, the pictures were left in 
 possession of the collector. 
 
SIJi PETER FRANCIS BOURGEOIS, R.A. 483 
 
 " Sir Peter Francis Bourgeois was born in St. Martin's Lane, London, 1756. He 
 was descended from a Swiss family of good position, who came to reside in England 
 in consequence of reverse of fortune. Bourgeois's father carried on the trade of a 
 watchmaker, and, as he became rich, determined to place his son in the army. This 
 intention was strengthened by the promise of a commission by Lord Heathfield, and 
 young Bourgeois attended drill, parade, and reviews. At this time, however, the 
 influence of Noel Desenfans had decided his choice : he determined to be a painter ; 
 and receiving the approval of Sir Joshua Reynolds and Gainsborough for some early 
 productions, he placed himself under the instruction of Loutherbourg, where he quickly 
 acquired sufficient knowledge to bring him some reputation as a painter of landscapes, 
 battle-scenes, and sea-pieces. In 1776 he left England to travel through Italy, France, 
 and Holland, and on his return exhibited several of his works in the Eoyal Academy. 
 Having visited Poland while on his journey, he was favourably received by the King, 
 who conferred on him the Order of Merit, which knighthood was subsequently con- 
 firmed by George III. In 1788 Sir Francis was made an Associate of the Eoyal 
 Academy, and in 1793 he was elected a full member ; and shortly after, while yet in 
 the full vigour of life, he retired from the active pursuit of his profession to occupy 
 himself in the arrangement of the collection of pictures bequeathed to him by his 
 friend Noel Desenfans. The death of Sir Francis Bourgeois was caused by a fall from 
 his horse, January 8, 1811, and his remains are deposited in a mausoleum attached to 
 the Dulwich Gallery, with those of his friends Mr. and Mrs. Desenfans. Bourgeois 
 was chief landscape-painter to George III., and had received the appointment of 
 painter to Stanislaus, King of Poland." — Mr. Sparkes' Catalogue, p. 18. 
 
 Upon the subject of the families of Bourgeois and Desenfans the 
 following information was given in 1874 by Mr. Stephen Tucker, Eouge 
 Croix : — 
 
 As TO SiE Petek Feancis Bourgeois. 
 
 There are no arms or pedigree registered in the Herald's College to Sir P. F. 
 Bourgeois. 
 
 His original will has been examined in the Prerogative Office, in the hope of finding 
 a seal of arms, but none such exists. 
 
 He never received any British knighthood. 
 
 On 12th April 1791, the Eoyal License issued to him, and is here recorded, giving 
 him permission to accept the knighthood and medal called " Merentibus," conferred on 
 him by diploma dated Warsaw, i6th February 1791, by Stanislaus Augustus, King of 
 Poland. In this license Sir Peter is described as a member of the Eoyal Academy, 
 " whose ancestors were formerly of the Canton of Berne in Switzerland." 
 
 Upon the granting of such a license, it was then (though it is not now) the custom 
 to assume the prefix " Sir," as if a British knighthood had been conferred. I find the 
 following notice of the death of his father: "Died 9 Sept. 1793 at Yverdun, in 
 " Switzerland, whither he had retired many years ago, Isaac Bourgeois, Esq., father of 
 " Sir Francis Bourgeois, of the Eoyal Academy, and uncle to Colonel Bourgeois of 
 " Yverdun. He was a native of England, of Swiss extraction." — Gent's Mag. 63, 
 
 part ii. 958. 
 
 In foreign armorials I find entries of eighteen or nineteen coats of arms to the 
 name of Bourgeois, though none localised at Berne. It is highly probable, however, 
 
484 HISIOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 tliat Sir Peter descended from one of the arms-bearing families of his name, and if 
 so, would be entitled to a coat -which my ignorance of his ancestry prevents my 
 identifying. 
 
 A portrait of Sir Peter was publislied (1812) in Cadell's and Bavies' Picture 
 Gallery.— Gent's Mag. 82, part i. 246. 
 
 Stephen Tucker, 
 
 Herald's CoUege, 3rd August 1874. Eouge Croix. 
 
 As TO Noel Joseph Desenfans. 
 
 There are no arms or pedigree entered to Noel Desenfans or to any one of his 
 name in the Herald's College. 
 
 The only record we have of him is his marriage with Margaret, sister of Sir John 
 Morris, of Clasemount, County Glamorgan, Bart., to which is added the note that they 
 were both living in 1806, and then had no issue. 
 
 Margaret Desenfans could have used the arms of Morris in a lozenge before her 
 marriage, and could have impaled them with Desenfans, as his wife or widow, if he 
 had had arms to impale them with. As, as far as I Imow, he had not, her shield could 
 only be represented with the dexter blank, and the sinister " Morris." The original 
 will of Noel Desenfans in the Prerogative Office has also been examined, on the 
 chance of discovering that he used arms for his seals, but there are none. 
 
 In 1794 "Noel des Enfans " was approved as His Polish Majesty's Consul-General 
 in Great Britain. — Gent.'s Mag. 64, part i. 390. 
 
 If Desenfans (or des Enfans) were a name peculiar to this gentleman, there might 
 be some ground for the tradition of his illegitimate birth, although I confess I do not 
 see anything in the import of the name to warrant the supposition. Such names as 
 Eitzroy (fils du Ptoy) and Faimtleroy (Enfant le Eoy) are obvious enough ; but des 
 enfans appears to me to be the very reverse of such indications. 
 
 The best argument, however, is that the name Des Enfans (and des Enffans) is very 
 distinguished and ancient. They were Counts, not only in Austria, but in Brabant, 
 and noble in Hainault. The main bearing of the des Enfans was an oak tree on a 
 white field ; and this, with certain differences, appears on all their shields. 
 
 I see as much reason to infer the descent of Noel Desenfans from the Austrian 
 Counts, as I do to adopt the unsupported tradition of his illegitimate birth simply 
 because his parentage is unrecorded. 
 
 Stephen Tucker, 
 
 Herald's College, 3rd August 1874. Eouoe Croix. 
 
 ■"o"- 
 
 "Noel Joseph Desenfans was born at Douai in 1745 ; and it is said was brought up 
 in a foundling institution. He was educated partly at Douai, and partly at°Paris. 
 He commenced life as a writer, but before he was thirty years of age came to London 
 as a teacher of languages. He had considerable taste, and much love of the fine arts, 
 and often attended picture sales. At one of these he bought a small picture, by 
 Claude, so advantageously, that when he sold it to George III. for £1000, the profit he 
 made induced him to turn his whole attention to picture-dealing. His friendship with 
 the Prince Primate of Poland, brother to Stanislaus, was the means of his obtaining a 
 commission from that monarch to purchase fine pictures. He was made Consul- 
 General for Poland, in England. In 1802 he found there was no probability of his 
 
MR. DESENFANS' CATALOGUE. 485 
 
 being repaid for the pictures he had bought ; he issued a catalogue of the pictures, 
 which he then tried to dispose of by private contract. Of the 188 pictures in 
 his catalogue, only 39 are in the present Gallery ; but he added to his collection 
 considerably between 1802 and 1807. He married Margaret Morris, sister of 
 Sir John Morris, of Clasemount, Glamorganshire. In 1799 he published a plan for 
 the advancement of the fine arts in England, by the establishment of a National 
 Gallery. If the scheme was carried out, he offered to contribute liberally to it in 
 pictures and in money. He died on July 8, 1807 ; and by his will, dated October 8, 
 1803, he left the whole of his collection to Sir Francis Bourgeois, E.A." — ^Mr. Sparkes' 
 Catalogue, p. 107. 
 
 Mr. Desenfans published — 
 
 A Descriptive Catalogue (with remarks and anecdotes never before published in 
 English) of some Pictures, of the different Schools, purchased for His Majesty the late 
 King of Poland, which will be exhibited early in .1802, at the great room, No. 3 in 
 Berners Street, the third door on the right from Oxford Street. By Noel Desenfans, 
 Esqre., late Consul-General of Poland in Great Britain. Two vols., 1802. 
 
 Vol. I. contains the Italian, Venetian, Spanish, and French Schools ; Vol. II. 
 contains the German, Flemish, Dutch, and English Schools. 
 
 Then follow the conditions of sale, and an index to the Catalogue of 188 
 pictures. 
 
 The introduction commences thus : — 
 
 It was in 1790, immediately after the French Eevolution at that epoch, when the 
 emigrant nobility brought into England their most precious effects to be disposed of, 
 that Stanislaus Augustus sent here a Commission for purchasing a collection of 
 pictures, in order to add some to those His Majesty was already possessed of, and to 
 present the different artists in Poland with the other part, as models and specimens 
 of painting; for His Majesty having a most refined taste of the fine arts, was fond of 
 them, and had at heart their rise and progress in his country. In consequence, it was 
 recommended to us to act with such caution as to purchase none but originals, and the 
 fine pictures of the different schools, when we should meet with them, at a liberal but 
 not extravagant price, and it is on that principle that they have all been gradually 
 purchased, both at pubhc sales and by private contract. ... As His Polish Majesty 
 was particularly desirous of possessing none but pure pictures, we were also instructed, 
 to prevent any damage, not to have them cleaned, which, as the visitors of the 
 Exhibition will see, has been punctually observed, with the exception of a few which, 
 after they were bought, were found to have been painted upon, although we had used 
 the best of our knowledge against purchasing such. Fortunately, they had been so 
 without necessity, and are now an ornament to the Collection. 
 
 The pubHc affairs of Poland were much deranged, and the Empress of Eussia, as 
 well as the King of Prussia, had already invaded the Polish territories, when this 
 Collection, tho' far advanced, was yet far from being compleated. However, we 
 went on in our pursuit, to render it worthy of a Sovereign, or, at all chance, of an 
 Exhibition ; and it was with that view that we continued to make our purchases to 
 the very last spring, when it was expected that the late King of Poland's family would 
 send for the Cabinet, at which time some of our friends, being desirous to see it before 
 the exportation, saw about half of the pictures, as they could not be aU shown for want 
 of room, etc. etc. 
 
486 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 But previous to that epoch, and soon after His Majesty's demise, we applied to the 
 British Government for their protection, and interference on our behalf with Paul, the 
 Emperor of Eussia, that as principal possessor of the Polish estates, and bound, of 
 course, to discharge their and the late King's debts, His Imperial Majesty would be 
 pleased to take the Collection, and reimburse what it had cost, or to defray the 
 expenses of a public sale by auction, and us of our losses, if any were sustained. As 
 soon as Lord Grenville, then Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, had perused our 
 memorial and the different letters of His Polish Majesty's Prime Minister on the 
 subject of this Collection, his Lordship sent them to Lord Whitworth, at St. Peters- 
 burg ; but, unfortunately, the harmony which till then had subsisted between that 
 Court and the Court of London was on its decline, and soon after his Excellency 
 returned home. 
 
 However, on the accession of Alexander to the Imperial throne, we renewed our 
 application, and requested Lord Whitworth to remit to us our papers, in order to lay 
 before His Imperial Majesty the proofs of our just claim ; but his Lordship answered, 
 that after his departure from St. Petersburg the archive had been destroyed, to prevent 
 its falling into the hands of the Eussian Government, at that time inimical to this 
 country, and he was afraid all our papers had shared the same fate. 
 
 However, his Lordship was so kind as to write to Eussia for further enquiries ; but 
 last September we received the following letter, which put an end to our expectations, 
 and made us then determine to submit the pictures to the public : — 
 
 " The enclosed will confirm to you what I had apprehended concerning the fate of 
 " your papers. I hope the documents with which I furnished you will in some degree 
 " compensate their loss. 
 
 " Your most obedient humble Servant, 
 
 " Whitworth. 
 " Stoneland, Sept. 4, 1801." 
 
 In addition to Mr. Desenfans' " Descriptive Catalogue," there are at 
 Dulwich College several other lists and catalogues, 1786-1804 (see MSS. 
 xvi.), all pointing plainly enough to an earnest desire on his part to sell as 
 many of his pictures as possible. An addition to these catalogues has 
 lately been made by the purchase, at the sale of the late Marquis of 
 Thomond, of a printed list 
 
 " of that truly superb, and well known Collection of Pictures of the Eoman, Venetian 
 " Spanish, French, Flemish, Dutch and English Schools, the intire and crenuine property 
 " of Monsieur Desenfans to be sold on Saturday, April 8,' 1786, and following days 
 ' (Sundays excepted) by Private Contract, by a Committee appointed by Mons 
 " Desenfans at the Great Eooms, late the Eoyal Academy, No. 125 Pall Mall.'' 
 
 It appears that in the previous year he had "formed a desio-n of croing 
 " to reside m his native country." He also had evidently been disgusted 
 with the result of sales by auction, and so offers the collection for private 
 sale._ Some of his remarks on Art in England at that period are worth 
 quoting : — -^ 
 
MR. DESENFANS' CATALOGUE. 487 
 
 ' Not more than half a century ago, the sale of so costly a collection as the present, 
 would, in all probability, have been attended with an immense loss to the person who 
 should have formed it at anything like the expence it has cost its present possessor, 
 for though there were then in England connoisseurs who purchased pictures of value, 
 their number was but exceedingly small. 
 
 " Indeed, a taste for this sublime art, however coveted by the English at any time, 
 did not effectually develop itself until the reign of Henry 'VIII. In that of Charles I., 
 it prevailed more generally ; the celebrated liubens and Vandyck were then enriching 
 this country with the chef d'ceuvres of their art. By these, and other patronages of 
 that Monarch, who possessed himself a high taste for the arts, that taste became 
 disseminated through the country ; and though afterwards it was exceedingly damped, 
 by the misfortunes that overwhelmed both the Prince and the people, it was never 
 totally extinguished. Perhaps it owes, in some degree, its preservation to the dis- 
 position for foreign travel, which is certainly meritorious in any people, and hath in 
 more modern times very strongly attached itself to those of condition in Britain ; who 
 if they did not make collections abroad, yet acquired there a taste for the art, which 
 was sufficient to retain some character to their country. 
 
 " But we now live in the reign of George III., by whose accession to the throne this, 
 and all the other arts acquired new vigour, and new lustre. The young Monarch 
 declared himself their friend ; and soon gave them the most striking proof of his royal 
 protection, by founding that superb Academy, which in so few years has acquired a 
 splendor that will remain an immortal monument of the glory of his reign ; for though 
 the wise oeconomy of his Majesty has set proper limits to an otherwise unbounded 
 munificence of mind, he has always shewn that he considers that munificence indis- 
 pensable to those improvements which are the greatest ornaments of an age, and do 
 the greatest honour to the human mind : and accordingly the arts have invariably 
 obtained it from his hand. 
 
 " The whole kingdom hath caught the ardour of his royal example. This love of the 
 arts now animates every part of it. Not in the metropohs alone ; not in the larger 
 cities of the kingdom ; not in the nobleman's mansion only, do we meet with Statues, 
 Pictures, Prints or Drawings : but in the more humble dweUings of the private man, 
 and in the most retired situations, aU these are to be found, and with these, the taste 
 that can discover and value their excellencies. We must not indeed expect to find 
 everywhere Pictures equal to those in the collections of the Dukes of Devonshire, 
 Portland, Eutland and Montagu ; the Earls of Bute, Besborough, Hardwicke, Ash- 
 burnham, Exeter, Powlett, Grosvenor; Lord Arundel of Wardour, Lord Cremome, 
 Lord Clive ; Sir W. W. Wynne, Sir Thomas Dundas, Sir George Yonge ; M' Welbore 
 Ellis, Mess. Agar, Antrobus and Purling, M' W. Smith at Clapham, M' Aufrere at 
 Chelsea, M' Slade at Eochester, M' Udney, M' Hulse and M" Newton ; nor Statues 
 equal in number and value to those of the Marquis of Landsdown and M' Townley ; 
 nor Prints and Drawings such as those of Lord Hampden and M' Dalton. But we 
 may take these as a strong and agreeable specimen of national taste, and may conclude 
 from the great number besides, who are known to collect, that the same taste is 
 universal 
 
 " Unhappily one cause still retards that knowledge which is so necessary to picture 
 collectors. There are Dealers who chiefly occupy their time in studying deceptions, 
 by introducing copies instead of originals. They employ necessitous artists to make 
 these copies, at a low price, from the works of old masters, and these, when soUed over, 
 varnished, and exposed to the sun, decorate their shops as so many rare productions 
 
488 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 from foreign cabinets. But these impositions cannot last long, while there is a growing 
 taste in the country, and while there are among its Gentry such competent judges of 
 the works of real masters, as the Bishop of Peterborough, Col. Smith, M' Taffaert, 
 Capt. BailUe, M' Dalton, M' Udney, M' Whitefoord, and Lord S' Asaph, young as he 
 is, to extend their knowledge, which is so eminent in themselves, to the general classes 
 of society. 
 
 " Besides this, the Arts themselves, not only in their taste, but in their execution, 
 are evidently maldng a considerable progTess among us. There are few of the British 
 youth who do not in some degree apply themselves to Painting or Drawing ; and several 
 with much success. Among these be it permitted us to mention His Royal Highness 
 the Prince of Wales." 
 
 " In point of advantage, indeed, it must be pronounced that a prudent and judicious 
 collector cannot more usefully amuse himself, for the more universal the knowledge of 
 the art becomes, the more will fine pictures be enhanced in their value. 
 
 " In the present collection, M' Desenfans would wish it to be considered, that he 
 has not always relied solely on his own judgement, but has consulted as much as 
 possible the opinion of the best artists. A good artist, though he may not always have 
 the experience of a connoisseur, and therefore may possibly be sometimes deceived 
 respecting a master, yet never can be deceived respecting the merit and purity of a 
 picture. To suppose that an eminent artist is not a judge of a picture in this latter 
 respect, is to deny that Pope and Voltaire were judges of a poem, or Handel and 
 Burney judges of music. If the Connoisseur has any advantage over the Artist, 
 without experience, it is in this, that he knows the master by the touch, as any of us 
 know the handwriting of our particular friends. 
 
 " But the question is, who is the Connoisseur ? for great numbers will pass for such, 
 who have not the least superficial knowledge of a picture. And as these seldom 
 possess less confidence than those who have more real skill, they will sometimes, to 
 shew their importance, turn their backs on a work which feasts the judge's eye, and 
 bestow the most extravagant encomiums on the mere daubings of the canvas. 
 
 "How many then are the disadvantages to which a valuable picture is exposed at a 
 public sale ? it must struggle with envy, malice and ignorance— with the dealer whose 
 interest often leads him to depreciate what is not his own — with the parsimonious 
 collector, who, while he wishes ardently to possess a picture, runs it down, with the 
 view of buying it at a cheaper rate — and lastly, with the mere bunglers in the art, 
 who, being incapable of merit in themselves, will suffer none in any other pencil than 
 their own. 
 
 " If the art were not better protected by a different spirit in other characters, hard 
 indeed would be its lot ! But, where there is true wisdom and judgement there is 
 always candour in proportion." ° ' 
 
 " Shew Vernet or Serr^s a Sea Piece by Vanderveldt, and will they hesitate to mark 
 and expatiate on its excellence ? Bring Meyer and Cosway to the Miniatures of 
 Cooper and Petitot— Greuze to a Conversation or Village Feast of Teniers— Copley to 
 the Force of Carravagio and the Perspicuity of Poussin-Eigaud to the Athletic 
 Characters of Hannibal Carracci— the Eev. M' Peters to the Ano-elic Groups of 
 Parmigiano, or the flowing Tints of Barrochio— M" Cosway to the° Designs of M 
 Angelo— Angelica Kauffman to the Grecian Treasures of Herculaneum-Loutherbourc^ 
 to a Landscape of Berchem-the modest Gainsborough to a Morillo, or the Landscaped 
 
MR. DESENFANS' CATALOGUE. 
 
 489 
 
 of Rubans — West to the immortal Tvorks of Eaphael, and Sir Joshua Eeynolds to a 
 Vandyck and Eubens' Historic Glow, and you cannot give any of them a more sincere 
 satisfaction than in the opportunity of paying their tribute to the pains of those great 
 Originals, whose spirit they have so eminently emulated to make the model of their 
 own." 
 
 The catalogue itself consists of 420 pictures and 23 drawings. Each 
 picture has a price written before it in ink, which has the appearance of 
 being intended for the use of Mr. Desenfans or the salesman, whoever he 
 may have been. These prices show an extraordinary change in taste and 
 values during the past hundred years. A few samples are given, taken 
 almost at random : — 
 
 A Landscape and figures by Hobbima 
 
 A View in Venice by Canaletti 
 
 A View uear Rome by Claude le Lorraine 
 A View of Tivoli by Berchem 
 
 Hercules and the Centaur by Le Brun 
 
 Spanish Peasants by Morillo 
 
 Jacob stealing Esau's blessing by Rembrandt 
 Russel Earl of Bedford by Van Dyck 
 
 A Shipwreck by Vernet 
 
 A calm with a yacht, on board of which is 
 
 Charles IL coming to England on his 
 
 restoration, conducted by a Dutch fleet 
 
 by Vanderveldt (1660) 
 Scene in a play by Watteau 
 
 Battle between the Russians and the Turks 
 
 by De Loutherbourg 
 Landscape with goats by Paul Potter 
 
 Madona and Child with Joseph, Elizabeth and 
 
 Angels by Leonardo da Vinci 
 
 The well-known subject of the Shark by Copley 
 Landscape with cattle and figures by Bourgeois 
 A sea port with S' Ursala, the history of the 
 
 eleven thousand virgins going to the Holy 
 
 Land. — Out of the palace of Barbarini 
 
 by Claude Lorraine 
 
 3"ll'°by4"10J» 
 
 £30 
 
 3ft iQi" by 5" 9'° 
 
 £5. 5s. 
 
 2« 6'" by 3" 3*° 
 
 £200 
 
 4ft 5in by 4ft Jin 
 
 £315 
 
 3ft gin by 4" 10*" 
 
 £210 
 
 5*' by 6" 3'° 
 
 £63 
 
 gft by 7ft 6-° 
 
 £50 
 
 3ft im by 2« T'" 
 
 £21 
 
 4ft j^Qin by 5" 2^™ 
 
 £157. 10s. 
 
 5ft im by 6« 9'° 
 
 £300 
 
 2" 10'° by 3*' 4" 
 
 £8. 8s. 
 
 5ft 7m by 7ft IQm 
 
 £350 
 
 1" 6*" by 1" 9'° 
 
 £8 
 
 1ft 10!° by 1" 7'° 
 
 £25 
 
 3" 8*° by 3« 1" 
 
 £40 
 
 4" 3" by 5" 
 
 £30 
 
 5« 2^ by 6« ^^ 
 
 £2500 
 
 No pictures have been at any time purchased by the College, but 
 several additions to the collection have been made by gift, notably four 
 pictures (Nos. 1,358,361, and 362) by Gainsborough, presented by the Eev. 
 Ozias T. Linley, Organist Fellow 1816-1831, who also gave to the College 
 portraits of several of his relations, by Sir Thomas Lawrence and others. 
 (See Catalogue, p. 69.) Soon after this bequest (about 1834), Captain 
 Moodey gave to the collection a full-length portrait of Mrs. Moodey and 
 
 VOL, I. 2 '^ 
 
490 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 her children, by Gainsborough. The remarkable thing about this splendid 
 gift is, that no record whatever can be found as to who Captain Moodey 
 was, or why he chose to hand over so valuable a picture to the Dulwich 
 Gallery. 
 
 Other gifts there have been as recorded in the catalogue, but none of 
 great importance. Mention, however, must be made of a portrait of Sir 
 Francis Bacon, given in IS/S by Miss Love, of Yarmouth, Isle of Wight, 
 " in fulfilment of the wishes of her late brother, Admiral Henry Ommaney 
 " Love." When Lord Chancellor Bacon fell into disgrace in 1621, he hid for 
 some time at the house of a family named Andrew, in Garret Lane, Wands- 
 worth. To them he afterwards presented this portrait as a recognition of 
 their kindness. 
 
 The history of the picture is given fully in a paper pasted on the back 
 of the frame, which is as follows : — 
 
 Sir Francis Bacon, Baron Verulam Viscount of St. Albans, torn 23''* of Jan^. 
 1561 died 9"" April 1626 aged 65, and is buried at St Albans in St Michaels Church, 
 ■where there is a beautiful Monument to his memory. In 1618 he was made Lord 
 Chancellor of England by King James 1", but about the year 1621 he fell into dis- 
 grace, was banished the country and concealed by the Andrew family in Garrett Lane, 
 "Wandsworth, with whom there had been an intermarriage as appears by their Pedigree^ 
 and after he regained his full liberty, presented them with this portrait of himself as a 
 compliment for their kindness. The last of the said Andrews was a female who 
 married M' John Acworth who were grandfather and grandmother to the late M" 
 Sedgwick, who being the surviving eldest descendant became possessed of both 
 Pedigree and Portrait. 
 
 By the will of Marian Sedgwick, eldest daughter of the above "Ann Blac^rave 
 " Sedgwick," this portrait with the Pedigree came into the possession of her° first 
 Cousin Eear Admiral Love of Yarmouth, Isle of Wight. 
 
 Marian Sedgwick died on the le"* Jan^. 1860 aged 80 years. 
 
 It should be mentioned here that there is a very fine old Italian copy 
 of Eaphael's Transfiguration in the College chapel. It was purchased at 
 Christie's in 1796 for £42 by Mr. Mills, of Saxham Hall, and by him pre- 
 sented the same year to the College. It is an accurate and yet spirited 
 copy of the great ongmal, and perhaps one of the most valuable copies in 
 this country. The following is the description taken from Mr Christie's 
 catalogue of Mr. Van der Gucht's pictures, to be sold on 11th March 
 1796 : — 
 
 Eaffaelle. The Transfiguration. 
 
 The original has ever been the admiration of all men of taste and judgment, 
 admitted as the finest of all his works. More need not be said in the il ustltion 
 This copy, which IS visibly the hand of Julio Eomano, has been judged to rival if not 
 excel even the original m pomt of spirit and expression. Such a masterly picture 
 by his best scholar becomes a very valuable acquisition. i^tiai-eriy piciuie 
 
DINNERS TO THE ROYAL ACADEMY. 491 
 
 Although here unhesitatingly ascribed to GiuHo Eomano, it is more 
 probably the work of Pierino del Vaga, who was recommended to Eaphael 
 by G, Eomano, and worked at the Vatican during Leo X.'s reign. He 
 was born in 1500, and died in 1547. 
 
 At Loseley Hall, near Guildford, there is said to be a copy similar to 
 this. 
 
 As is noted in the will of Mrs. Desenfans, she left the College certain 
 articles of furniture, including what she calls " two commodes with drawers 
 " inlaid with brass and tortoise-shell." These are believed to be the work 
 of the original inventor " Buhl," or " Boule." They had fallen greatly out 
 of repair, but were most skilfully put into good order in 1875 by Messrs. 
 Nixon & Ehodes, of Oxford Street. 
 
 Mrs. Desenfans also left a quantity of silver plate and table linen to 
 be used at a dinner to be given to the Eoyal Academy at their annual 
 inspection of the pictures on St. Luke's day. This inspection took place 
 with tolerable regularity each summer, though not always on St. Luke's 
 day. 
 
 The first of these dinners was given on the 18th July 1818, at a cost of 
 £62. IBs. 9d., including such items as 9 quarts of turtle, £9. 9s. ; 2 
 haunches of venison at £5. 5s. ; one dozen of champagne, £7. 7s. ; one 
 dozen of Moselle, £4. 4s. ; one dozen of Madeira, £3. I7s. 
 
 Entertainments of this sumptuous description were not, however, given 
 every year, a modest breakfast at a cost of forty or fifty shillings being 
 frequently substituted. 
 
 The exact sums of money which were expended for the purpose of 
 building the gallery and the west wing were : — 
 
 Out of the specific legacy and residuary 
 
 estate of Sir P. P. Bourgeois . . £9,365 5 2 
 
 Out of the West Wing Fund of the College 4,857 10 6 
 
 £14,222 15 8 
 
 The further sum held by the College by way of endowment was £l7,000. 
 
 A considerable burden had, however, to be borne by the CoUege, 
 inasmuch as certain relatives of the donor of the pictures had been left in 
 very needy circumstances, and consequently received gifts and annuities 
 from the Master, Warden, and Fellows. Questions also arose as to their 
 power to deal with the leasehold and other real estate as residue. The 
 opinion was taken of Sir Samuel Eomilly and Mr. John BeU, who advised 
 that the leasehold property, an annuity from Covent Garden Theatre, and 
 a right of free admission to the theatre could not be devised for the benefit 
 of a charity, and that, therefore, there was a resulting trust of them for the 
 
492 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 benefit of the next-of-kin, to whom tliey accordingly were transferred 
 without any litigation. 
 
 The gallery remained exactly as originally built, except the addition of 
 a porch about 1865, until 1884 and 1886, when the two wings were added 
 in order to accommodate the " Cartwright " and other pictures. These 
 wings had evidently been designed to form part of the gallery, although 
 used for many years as almshouses for certain of the "Poor Sisters." It 
 is intended to erect a School of Fine Art for the benefit of both sexes as 
 soon as possible. The exact site has not yet been fixed upon, but it will 
 probably be as near the gallery as circumstances will permit. 
 
 A catalogue of the Bourgeois collection of pictures was published in 
 1876 by order of the governors. It was compiled by John C. L. Sparkes, 
 art master in the College 1858-1882, and now Principal of the National 
 Art Training School, South Kensington. A second edition was published 
 in 1880, in which Mr. Sparkes was assisted by Jean Paul Eichter, Ph.D., 
 the latter being responsible therein for the details relating to the pictures 
 by foreign artists. A supplement thereto, as already mentioned (p. 472), 
 was issued in 1884, containing full particulars of the Cartwright and other 
 pictures and portraits outside of the Bourgeois collection. To these works the 
 reader is referred for further particulars of both pictures and painters, the 
 main object of this chapter being to supplement these excellent compilations. 
 
 Eeaders of P^uskin will remember that many of his examples are taken 
 from pictures in the Dulwich Gallery. In Modern Painters especially, his 
 references to this collection are frequent, and his criticisms searching. His 
 father's house being Uttle over a mile from Dulwich, no doubt he had very 
 full opportunities of study there. 
 
 The first keeper of the Gallery was Mr. Ealph Cockburn, who died in 
 1820. He was an engraver, and published a set of prints in mezzo tint or 
 soft ground coloured, of fifty of the pictures. Original sets of these are 
 now very rare, although later and very poor copies of them are occasionally 
 offered in old book shops. 
 
 In January 1821, Mr. Stephen Pointz Denning was appointed keeper, 
 retaining that office till his death in 1864. He was a skilful artist, but 
 his sketches are seldom seen. He compiled a historical and descriptive 
 catalogue of the collection, in which he was assisted by his son, the late 
 Eev. Stephen Denning, formerly head master of Bradfield CoUeo-e. Un- 
 fortunately, it still remains in manuscript, being retained by the widow of 
 the latter gentleman. 
 
 Since 1864 the charge of the pictures has been entrusted to Mr. T. P 
 Hodgkms, whose zeal and care have often been remarked on not only by 
 the governors, but also by the members of the Eoyal Academy and other 
 visitors. He is now assisted in his duties by his son. 
 
[ 493 ] 
 
 CHAPTER XIX. 
 
 DULWICH COLLEGE AFTEB, 1857. 
 
 It forms no part of this work to continue the history of Dulwich after the 
 Act of 25th August 1857 (20 and 21 Vict. cap. 84) became law, but a fev/ 
 facts may suitably be recorded here, and at the end of this chapter the 
 text of the Act is given, as well as the Scheme amending the same, which 
 was approved by Her Majesty in Council on the 18th August 1882. 
 The Governors appointed in 1857-58 were : — 
 
 The Plight Hon. Lord Stanley, M.P. (now Earl of Derby), Chaii-man. 
 
 P. Cator, Esquire. * S. Pegg, Esquire. 
 
 Thos. Devas, Esqiure. * J. Pew, Esquire. 
 
 The Pi,ev. M. T. Faner. « E. PhiUips, Esquire. 
 
 James Fergusson, Esquire. * T. Piper, Esquire. 
 
 * E. Fisher, Esquire. Dr. (now Sir) Lyon Playfair. 
 
 * M. Hopgood, Esquire. Charles Eanken, Esquire (Dalwich Governor). 
 F. St. John, Esquire. The Eev. "William Eogers. 
 
 * M. Maylard, Esquire. E. Stephenson, Esquire. 
 C. L. Norman, Esquire. * J. Waterlow, Esquire. 
 
 Those marked with an asterisk, eight in number, were elected by the 
 four privileged parishes, the remaining eleven v/ere appointed by the Court 
 of Chancery upon application made thereto by the Attorney-General. 
 
 The governors varied from time to time by death or resignation ; Lord 
 Stanley resigning in 1859 was succeeded by the Duke of Wellington as 
 chairman, and he again giving up his seat at the Board in 1862, was 
 succeeded in the chair by the Eev. William Rogers. The first officers of 
 the Board (1857-58) were : — 
 
 The Eev. Alfred James Carver, M.A., Master of the College. 
 The Eev. John Eoberts Oldham, M.A., Chaplain of the College. 
 The Eev. Alfred Povah, M.A., Under Master of the Upper School. 
 The Eev. W. F. Greenfield, M.A., Master of the Lower School. 
 Charles Druce, Esquire, Solicitor and Eeceiver. 
 Charles Barry, Esquire, Surveyor. 
 E. J. Dennen, Esquire, Clerk. 
 
 In 1861 the Rev. A. Povah resigned the Under-Mastership on being 
 appointed to the rectory of St. Olave, Hart Street, E.C. He was succeeded 
 
494 
 
 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. 
 
 by Henry J. Eoby, Esq., M.A., who in February 1865, being appointed 
 Secretary of tbe Endowed Schools Commission, resigned the Under-Master- 
 ship of the College. His successor was the Eey. George C. Bell, M.A., who 
 in 1869 was made Head Master of Christ's Hospital (now Head Master of 
 Marlborough), being succeeded by James Maccall Marshall, M.A., now 
 Head Master of Durham. On his resignation in 1884, the office was 
 abolished. The Chaplains have been : — 
 
 The Eev. John Eoberts Oldham, 1857-1866, afterwards Vicar of Ottershavv. 
 The Eev. Samuel Cheetham, D.D., 1866-1884, now Archdeacon of Eochester. 
 The Eev. G. W. Daniel, M.A., appointed in 1884. 
 
 The Eev. W. F. Greenfield, who was appointed Head Master of the 
 Lower School in 1858, retired upon a pension in 1870, and died soon after- 
 wards. No permanent appointment was made to this office till 1875, when 
 the Eev. J. Henry Smith, B.A., was elected. He is now Head Master of 
 the new Alleyn's School, which took the place of the former Lower School. 
 
 In 1883, when the last Scheme came into operation, the Eev. A. J. 
 Carver, D.D., retired upon a pension, his successor, J. E. C. Welldon, 
 Esquire, M.A., being elected on the 8th March in that year. Two years 
 afterwards he was appointed Head Master of Harrow, and on the 3rd July 
 1885 the present Master of the College, Arthur Herman Gilkes, Esquire, 
 M.A., was appointed. 
 
 The first College Governors, under the Scheme of 1882, were : — 
 
 The Eev. William Eogers, Chairman. 
 Sir Hugh Adair, Bart. 
 C. S. Eoundell, Esquire, M.P. 
 W. H. Stone, Esquire. 
 William Young, Esquire. 
 James Bryce, Esquire, M.P. 
 Admiral Bedford C. T. Pirn, E.N. 
 The Eev. Cameron Churchill. 
 (Under section 5, these being members of the old governing body, retain their 
 offices for life, but as vacancies occur the places are to be filled by coontation ") 
 
 Sir William Anson, Bart., 
 George Buchanan, Esquire, M.D. 
 Professor G. Carey Foster, 
 J. A. Godley, Esquire, C.B., 
 Sir H. J. S. Maine, K.C.S.I., 
 E. J. Poynter, Esquire, E.A., 
 The Lord Bishop of Eochester, 
 Sir James K Douglass, . 
 H. T. De la Bfere, Esquire, 
 E. K. Douglas, Esquire, 
 C. B. Saunders, Esquire, 
 Secretary, 
 
 s, . 
 
 aire, ^ 
 
 e, \ 
 
 re, C.B., ) 
 
 appointed by the University of Oxford. 
 University of London. 
 Eoyal Society. 
 Lord Chancellor. 
 University of Cambridge. 
 Eoyal Academy. 
 Archbishop of Canterbury. 
 Masters of the College. 
 
 nominated by the Charity Commissioners as 
 residents in Dulwich or neighbourhood.. 
 
 James Watchhurst, Esquire. 
 
THE COLLEGE UNDER THE ACT OF 1857. 
 
 495 
 
 The first Estates Governors were ; 
 
 The Eev. "William Eogers, 
 H. T. De la B^re, Esquire, 
 The Eev. Cameron ChurchiU, 
 Sir James Douglass, 
 J. A. aodley, Esquire, C.B., 
 0. B. Saunders, Esquire, C.B., 
 W. H. Stone, Esquire, 
 William Young, Esquire, 
 Charles E. Lindsay, Esquire, 
 Francis Peek, Esquire, 
 
 Admiral Pim, 
 
 \ 
 
 nominated by the College Governors. 
 
 \ appointed hy the Charity Commissioners. 
 
 ( coopted by College Governors owing to a lapse 
 \ by Charity Commissioners. 
 
 L°?T;^ne°°^E?Trr' ^^'^ ^^^^™^°'| representing the Vestry of CamberwelL 
 
 [• representing the Vestry of St. Luke's. 
 
 > representing the Vestry of St. Saviour's. 
 
 \ representing the Vestry of St. Botolph's, 
 3 Bishopsgate. 
 
 F. Hovenden, Esquire, 
 E. L. Nightingale, Esquire, 
 E. F. Ash, Esquire, 
 A. Boulden, Esquire, 
 "W. H. Trego, Esquire, 
 R Stapleton, Esquire, 
 
 Secretary, 
 
 Solicitor to both Boards, 
 
 Surveyor to both Boards, 
 
 Colonel T. Taylor. 
 A. D. Druce, Esquire. 
 Charles Barry, Esquire. 
 
 The new College was opened in 1870 by H.E.H. the Prince of Wales. 
 
 Alley n's School, replacing the Lower School, was opened in 1887. 
 
 The James AUen Girls' School was opened in 1887. 
 
 The new College, originally intended to house both schools, with central 
 block in common, cost in construction about £80,000. This was paid 
 chiefly out of monies received from the London, Chatham and Dover, and 
 the London, Brighton and South Coast Kailways, for land taken by them. 
 
 The AUeyn's School cost £13,800. 
 
 The James Allen's Girls' School cost £6800. 
 
 The building erected for James Allen's Girls' School about 1870 is now 
 the property of the School Board for London. Contiguous to it an Infant 
 School was built about 1860 by subscription, mainly through the exertions 
 of Mrs. Oldham, the wife of the then chaplain. This school still flourishes 
 under the direction of a local committee, with the chaplain as chairman. 
 The schoolmistress. Miss Sharp, has now (1888) ably conducted this school 
 for over thirty years. 
 
496 
 
 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. 
 
 ANNO VICESIMO AND VICESIMO PKIMO VICTORIiE EEGIN^E. 
 
 rights, and privileges as heretofore, so far as the 
 same shall not be inconsistent with this scheme. 
 
 3. There shall be nineteen governors of the 
 Charity, who shall be called " The Governors ot 
 " Alleyn's College, at Dulwich," and who shall 
 have the control and management of the Charity, 
 and the estates and property tliereof, from and 
 after the said 31st day of December 1857. Eight 
 of such governors, hereinafter called "The 
 " Elective Governors," shall be elected ; and the 
 remaining eleven, or non-elective governors, shall 
 be appointed as hereinafter provided. 
 
 4. The vestries of the parishes of Saint Botolph 
 Without Bishopsgate, Saint Saviour Soiithwark, 
 Saint Luke Middlesex, and Saint Giles Camber- 
 well, shall each elect two of the said eight 
 elective governors respectively ; and the first 
 election shall be made before the expiration of 
 the month of November 1857. And every sub- 
 sequent election shall be made by the vestry 
 entitled to elect within three calendar months 
 next after the occurrence of the vacancy requiring 
 to be filled. Every elective governor shall be 
 elected to hold office for a period of seven years, 
 and shall be re-eligible at or subsequently to the 
 determination of such period. 
 
 5. The non-elective governors shall be ap- 
 pointed by the Court of Chancery, upon applica- 
 tion to be made to the same Court by Her Majesty's 
 Attorney-General, either by petition or by sum- 
 mons before one of the judges of the said Court 
 sitting at chambers. And the first appointment 
 of non-elective governors shall be made as soon 
 as conveniently may be after the establishment 
 of this scheme ; and whenever the number of 
 non-elective governors for the time being shall 
 be reduced by the occurrence of vacancies to 
 eight, three suitable persons shall be a,ppointed 
 by the said Court, upon such application as afore- 
 said, so as to make up the full number of eleven 
 non-elective governors. 
 
 One of the non-elective governors to be ap- 
 pointed by the Court of Chancery shall be a 
 resident inhabitant of the township or hamlet of 
 Dulwich, and shall be distinguished in his 
 appointment as the " Dulwich Governor." * And 
 upon any vacancy in the office of the " Duhvich 
 'Governor" for the time being, some other 
 resident mhabitant of the same township or 
 hamlet shall be appointed by the said Court to 
 succeed to such vacancy whether the number of 
 non-elective governors shall then have become 
 reduced to eight or not ; but nothing herein con- 
 
 CAP. LXXXIV. •• 
 
 An Act for confirming a Scheme of the Charity 
 Commissioners for the College of God's 
 Gift, in Dulwich, in the County of Surrey, 
 vsrith certain Alterations [25th August 1857.] 
 
 Whereas the Charity Commissioners for England 
 and Wales, in their report to Her Majesty of 
 their proceedings during the year one thousand 
 eight nundred and fifty-five, have reported that 
 tliey have provisionally approved and certified 
 (among other schemes for the application and 
 management of charities) a scheme for the College 
 of God's Gift, in Dulwich, in the county of 
 Surrey, and such scheme is set out in the 
 appendix to the said report : And whereas it is 
 expedient that the said scheme, as the same, 
 with curtain modifications thereof, is set out in 
 the schedule to this Act, shall take effect : Be it 
 enacted by the Queen's most Excellent Majesty, 
 by and with the advice and consent of the Lords 
 Spiritual and Temporal, and Commons, in this 
 present Parliament assembled, and by the 
 authority of the same, as follows : 
 
 I. The scheme set out in the schedule to this 
 Act shall be established and take effect. 
 
 SCHEDULE. 
 
 Scheme for the Application and Management 
 of the Charity called the College of God's 
 Gift, in Dulwich, in the County of Surrey. 
 
 General Provisions. 
 
 1. The existing incorporation of the above- 
 mentioned Charity, by the name of the College 
 of God's Gift, in Dulwich, or by any other name, 
 shall be dissolved ; and the several offices and 
 places of the Master, Warden, and Fellows, 
 brothers, and sisters of the said College shall be 
 abolished from and after the 31st December 1857, 
 and no new appointment shall be made to any 
 office or place in or under the Charity according 
 to its present constitution, after the establishment 
 of this scheme. 
 
 2. The Charity, as reconstituted by this scheme 
 shall be called " AUeyn's College of God's Gift' 
 " at Dulwich ; " and the Archbishop of Canter- 
 bury, and his successors, shall continue to be the 
 visitors of the Charity, with the same authorities 
 
 * The successive " Dulwich Governors " were 
 
 Charles Ranken, F. St. John, 
 
 Thomas Devas, Col. Horsbu'ro-h 
 
 Macdonald, and William Young. 
 
THE DULWICH COLLEGE ACT, 1857. 
 
 497 
 
 tained shall be construed as restraining tlie ap- 
 pointment of a larger number of non-elective 
 governors from among residents in tbe said town- 
 ..ship or hamlet. 
 
 6. Death, resignation, bankruptcy, or insolv- 
 ency, residence out of England, refusal or in- 
 capacity to act, or neglect to attend any meeting 
 of the governors for one year, shall respectively 
 create a vacancy in the office of governor. The 
 office of the Dulwich governor shall also deter- 
 mine upon his ceasing to be resident in Dulwich. 
 
 7. All the real estate, of whatsoever tenure, 
 and rights and privileges vested in or held in 
 trust for the said College, or any of the members 
 thereof, as such (subject to the subsisting leases 
 and charges, if any, thereof), and the full benefit 
 of all subsisting covenants, conditions, and 
 securities made or entered into with or reserved 
 to the said College, or any person or persons in 
 trust for the same College, and all the personal 
 estate belonging to or held in trust for the said 
 ColleM, or any of the members thereof as such, 
 and the right to sue for and recover all choses in 
 action recoverable for the benefit of the College, 
 or any such member as aforesaid, shall, from and 
 after the said 31st day of December 1857, be 
 vested in the said governors, and shall from time 
 to time thereafter vest and continue vested in 
 the governors of Alleyn's College at Dulwich for 
 the time being, for the purposes and according to 
 the provisions of this scheme, without any con- 
 veyance, assignment, or assurance ; and the right 
 to sue upon or enforce all or any covenants, con- 
 ditions, or securities made, reserved, or contracted 
 to or with the said College before its dissolution, 
 or to or with any preceding governors of the said 
 Charity for the benefit thereof, shall be exercis- 
 able by and in the names of the governors for the 
 time being, as fuUy and effectually as the same 
 right might be exercised by such College if not 
 dissolved, or by such preceding governors, if still 
 retaining their office ; and in the same manner 
 all contracts and liabilities of the said College 
 before its dissolution, or of any preceding 
 governors for the time being of the Charity, may 
 be enforced against the governors thereof for the 
 time being, to the extent of the property or assets 
 of the Charity, but not against their private estates. 
 
 8. Leases and other deeds and instruments for 
 the letting or disposition of the Charity estate, 
 or any part thereof, may be executed and made 
 by any five of the governors for the time being 
 on behalf and as the act of the whole of them, 
 according to any order of the governors of the 
 said Charity, made at any regular meeting of 
 their body, and shall have the same effect as if 
 executed by all the said governors ; and the 
 recital of any such order, contained in any deed 
 or instrument by which any such lease or other 
 disposition shall be effected, shall be jjnmiJ facie 
 
 VOL. I. 
 
 evidence thereof upon any proceedings to which 
 the parties to the same lease or instrument, or 
 their respective successors in title, representa- 
 tives, or assigns, shall be parties or a party. 
 
 9. The governors may from time to time 
 appoint any four persons of their number to be a 
 stock committee, into whose names all stock 
 belonging to the Charity may from time to time 
 be transferred, and the dividends on all such 
 stock shall be disposable by the governors for the 
 time being as part of the general income of the 
 Charity. All or any suras of stock belonging 
 to the Charity may also be transferred into the 
 name of "The Official Trustees of Charitable 
 " Funds," in trust for the Charity under the 
 provisions of " The Charitable Trusts Act, 1853," 
 and "The Charitable Trusts Amendment Act, 
 " 1855." 
 
 10. The C!harity shall continue to be managed 
 and administered by the present governing body 
 of the College until the said 31st day of December 
 1857, inclusive, and the accounts of the Charity 
 shall be made up and finally balanced to that 
 day. And there shall be paid to the Master, 
 Warden, Fellows, and poor brethren and sisters 
 of the College respectively out of the current 
 year's income a due proportion of the several 
 annual or other payments to which they are 
 respectively entitled under the present system of 
 administration, to be calculated from the then 
 last preceding day of payment up to the said 31st 
 day of December 1857. And any surplus or 
 balance of income which shall remain to the 
 credit of the Charity after providing for and 
 satisfying such proportion of the said several 
 annual payments, and the requisite or proper 
 expenses attending the management and admini- 
 stration of the Charity up to that time, and all 
 trust funds held by the College, or bj' any of its 
 members as such, in trust for any other charit- 
 able purposes, shall be paid and transferred on 
 that day unto the governors to be appointed as 
 provided by this scheme, or as they may direct, 
 according to and to be held upon the subsisting 
 trusts thereof. 
 
 11. There shall be paid by the governors to 
 the present Master, Warden, Fellows, and pool 
 brethren and sisters of the College respectively, 
 or to such of them as shall be living on the said 
 31st day of December 1857, during their respec- 
 tive lives, out of the income of the Charity, in lieu 
 and full satisfaction of all present and future 
 allowances, rights, and emoluments, the following 
 annual sums ; that is to say, — 
 
 To the Master the sum of . . £1015 
 
 To the Warden 855 
 
 To the first and second Fellows each, 500 
 To the third and fourth Fellows each, 466 
 To each of the poor brethren and 
 
 sisters, 150 
 
 3r 
 
498 
 
 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 The Baiil allowances or annual sums shall com- 
 mence from the said 31st day of Decemher 1857, 
 and sliall be payable half-yearly, except the 
 allowances to the poor brethren and sisters, 
 which shall be paid monthly, or at such other 
 periods as the governors may think fit, and shall 
 be apportionabie in cases of the death of any of 
 the said recipients before or in the interval 
 between any of the said half-yearly payments. 
 
 The allowance or annual sum paj'able to the 
 Warden shall, in the event of his surviving the 
 Master, be increased to £1015 from the day of 
 t)ie Master's decease ; but the whole of the said 
 allowances or annual sums shall abate in propor- 
 tion in case and so often as the clear income of 
 the Charity, after paying and providing for all 
 necessary or proper outgoings and expenses of 
 management, as well as t\ie several payments and 
 expenses directed or authorized by this scheme 
 for the benefit or maintenance of the present 
 poor scholars, and the College grammar school, 
 and the servants and others attached to the 
 present establishment, shall in any year or years 
 prove insufficient to pay the same allowances or 
 annual sums in full. 
 
 12. Until the appointment of a chaplain as 
 hereinafter provided, the present first and other 
 Fellows of the said College shall respectively 
 continue as heretofore to perform or provide for 
 the performance of divine service in the chapel 
 of the College, or in some other building to be 
 appointed by the governors for that purpose, and 
 to discharge the other spiritual duties heretofore 
 and of right discharged by them respectively ; 
 but, save as aforesaid, the said Master, Warden, 
 and Fellows respectively shall from and after the 
 said 31st day of December 1857 be exonerated 
 from all obligation of residence in the said 
 College, or the performance of any duties mth 
 respect to the Charity, and from all restriction 
 against their respective marriages. 
 
 1 3. Until the establishment of a school in which 
 the existing poor scholars shall be received and 
 instructed, as contemplated by this scheme, and 
 subject to the provisions herein contained, such 
 poor scholars shall receive and enjoy the same 
 instruction, maintenance, and other benefits, and 
 shall also be entitled to the same apprenticeships 
 and exhibitions to be respectively provided and 
 paid out of the general income of the Charity, 
 as such scholars respectively would have been 
 entitled to receive and enjoy if this scheme had 
 not been established. 
 
 14. Subject to the provisions of this scheme, 
 and until the governors shall otherwise direct, 
 the College grammar school may continue to be 
 carried on as heretofore in the buildings hitherto 
 used for such school ; and the several stipends, 
 allowances, and other payments which have been 
 heretofore paid and allowed out of the income of 
 
 the Charity for the purposes of such school may 
 continue to be paid and allowed as heretofore ; 
 and upon the discontinuance of tho said school 
 the governors may, if they so think fit, pay to 
 the master thereof, out of the general income of 
 the Charity, such a reasonable gratuity or pension 
 in consideration of his services as they may con- 
 sider proper and expedient. 
 
 15. The servants and attendants now employed 
 in the College, upon their respective service.'? 
 being dispensed with in consequence of the pro- 
 visions of this scheme, may respectively have any 
 reasonable pensions or gratuities paid to them by 
 the governors out of the income of the Charity, 
 in such manner and subject to such conditions 
 as the said governors shall think fit. 
 
 16. All pensions and exhibitions at present 
 properly payable out of the income of the 
 Charity shall continue to be paid to the present 
 recipients thereof respectively during the tenure 
 of their respective appointments, subject to the 
 same rules and conditions as are now subsisting 
 and applicable to the same respectively. 
 
 17. The governors may appoint a clerk and a 
 receiver (who respectively shall be removable by 
 them at their pleasure), or they may grant the 
 offices of clerk and receiver to one person, and 
 they may pay to the holder of each such office, 
 out of the income of the Charity, any reasonable 
 stipend or allowance as a remuneration for his 
 services. Every receiver shall, before entering 
 upon his office, give such security for the due 
 performance of tlie duties thereof as the gover- 
 nors shall direct. 
 
 18. It shall be the duty of the clerk, subject to 
 the control and direction of the governors, to 
 give notices of and to attend all meetings of the 
 governors or committees of the governors, to enter 
 and keep minutes of the proceedings at all such 
 meetings, to keep the accounts, and to pay the 
 bills of the Charity, to prepare and make out 
 such statements of account relating to the Charity 
 as the governors shall from time to time require, 
 and to perform all such other duties appertaining 
 to the office of clerk of the Charity as the gover- 
 nors shall direct. 
 
 19. The receiver, subject to the control and 
 direction of the governors, shall exercise a 
 general supervision over the Charity estates and 
 property, and the lessees thereof, and shall collect 
 and receive the rents and income, and shall sub- 
 mit to the governors, so often and at such times 
 as shall be directed by them, a report as to the 
 state and condition of the Charity estates, and 
 also full and particular accounts of all rents, 
 income, and monies collected or received on 
 account of the Charity, and of all arrears due of 
 such rents or income ; and shall perform all such 
 other duties appertaining to the office of receiver, 
 in respect of the Charity and its property, as the 
 
THE DULWICH COLLEGE ACT, 1857. 
 
 499 
 
 governors sTiall reasonatly direct. And unless 
 the governors shall otherwise direct, all rents 
 and incomes to be received by the receiver on 
 account of the Cliarity shall, immediately upon 
 the receipt thereof, be paid over by him to the 
 bankers of the Charity to the credit of the 
 Charity account. 
 
 20. There shall not be less than four meetings 
 of the governors in every year, and such meetings 
 shall be held on the Thursday fortnight after 
 Lady Day, Midsummer Day, Michaelmas Day, 
 and Christmas Day respectively, or upon such 
 other days, being respectively within thirty days 
 next after_ the said quarterly days as shall have 
 been appointed by the governors at any preceding 
 meeting ; and the said governors shall have power 
 to appoint all such other meetings as they shall 
 think necessary. All meetings shall be held at 
 the College, and at the hour of noon, unless the 
 governors shall fix some other convenient place 
 in Dulwich, and some other convenient hour for 
 holding the next or any other meeting. There 
 shall also be a first general meeting of tlie gover- 
 nors, for the general purposes and business of the 
 Charity, on the first day of January 1858. 
 
 21. Any three or more governors may require 
 the clerk to convene a special meeting of the 
 governors for any special object to be mentioned 
 in such requisition, and the clerk shall thereupon 
 give notice to each governor of the holding of 
 such meeting, specifying the time, place, and 
 object thereof; and no business shall be trans- 
 acted at any special meeting, which shall not be 
 specified or sufficiently indicated in the notice. 
 
 22. Notice shall be given by the clerk to every 
 governor seven clear days at the least previously 
 to a general meeting, and fourteen clear days at 
 the least previously to a special meeting ; and 
 notice of every adjourned meeting, so far as the 
 interval between the original and adjourned 
 meetings will permit, shall be given in like 
 manner immediately after the adjournment to 
 aU governors not present thereat, and every 
 notice shall specify the place and the day and 
 hour appointed for holding the meeting. All 
 notices required to be given to any governor 
 shall be in writing delivered to him, or sent 
 by the post or otherwise to his usual place of 
 residence. 
 
 23. There shall be a permanent chairman of 
 the governors, who, whenever present, shall pre- 
 side as chairman at all meetings of the governors, 
 and who shall hold ofBce vmtil he shall cease to 
 be a governor, or shall resign, or be appointed 
 receiver, or be removed from Ijeing such chair- 
 man by a resolution passed at any special meet- 
 ing of the governors to be convened for that 
 purpose. The first permanent chairman shall be 
 elected by the governors at their first meeting ; 
 and every subsequent permanent chairman shaU 
 
 be elected at some special meeting of the gover- 
 nors, to be held upon due notice after an interval 
 of not less than twenty-eight days after the 
 vacancy of the office. 
 
 24. Pive governors shall form a quorum at any 
 meeting ; and so soon after the time fixed for the 
 holding of any meeting as a sufficient number of 
 governors shall be present to form a quorum, in 
 case the permanent chairman shall be absent, or 
 his office shall be vacant, the governors then 
 present shall proceed to elect a deputy-chairman, 
 who, when so elected, shall preside as the chair- 
 man at such meeting. 
 
 25. The resolutions and proceedings of a 
 niajority of the governois present at any meet- 
 ing shall be binding on the whole body ; and no 
 resolution or proceeding .shall be subsequently 
 revoked or altered, except at a special meeting 
 duly convened upon notice for that purpose. 
 The chairman presiding at any meeting shall, in 
 the event of an equahty of votes, have in addi- 
 tion to his original vote a second or casting vote. 
 
 _ 26. If after the space of one hour from the 
 time appointed for holding any meeting, a suffi- 
 cient number of governors shall not be in attend- 
 ance to form a quorum, the pennanent chairman, 
 or in his absence any governor then present, or 
 the clerk if no governor be present, may adjourn 
 the meeting to a subsequent day, not less than 
 seven days distant. Any meeting may also be 
 adjourned at any time by the chairman thereof 
 upon a resolution for adjournment being adopted 
 at such meeting. 
 
 27. The governors may at any time appoint 
 three or more of their body to be a committee 
 for the purpose of making any inquiry, or super- 
 intending, or performing any specific acts or 
 duties which in their judgment may be more 
 conveniently referred to or delegated to such 
 committee. The acts and proceedings of every 
 such committee shall be reported to the governors 
 from time to time at their next meeting. 
 
 28. The governors shall provide and keep 
 minute books, wherein slxall be entered the 
 names of the governors attending each meeting, 
 and minutes ot all proceedings thereat, and of all 
 other transactions of the governors relating to 
 the Charity. The minutes of the proceedings at 
 each meeting shall be signed by the chairman of 
 the meeting, and countersigned by the clerk. 
 
 29. The governors shall provide and cause to 
 be kept proper account books, wherein shall be 
 regularly entered and kept full accounts of all 
 receipts and payments on behalf of the Charity, 
 and such other particulars as the governors shall 
 direct to be entered therein. All such accounts, 
 and all accounts of the clerk and receiver, or 
 other agents of the governors, shall be examined, 
 vouched, and audited half-yearly at the first 
 general meeting after Slidsummer Day and 
 
500 
 
 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. 
 
 Christmas Day in every year, or at some ad- 
 journment of such meetings respectively, by one 
 or more auditors, to he appointed for that pur- 
 pose by the governors, and shall be signed by 
 the chairman and two at least of the other gover- 
 nors present at such meeting ; and a statement 
 or sufficient abstract of such accounts, together 
 with a statement showing the number of the 
 boys of each description at the respectivfe schools, 
 and the number of exhibitioners, and other 
 recipients of the Charity, shall be printed and 
 delivered annually to each governor, and to the 
 vestry clerk of each of the said four parishes, 
 and to such other persons as the governors shall 
 think iit. 
 
 30. The governors shall from time to time 
 appoint and employ bankers to the Charity, or 
 for the purposes thereof; and all payments of 
 money on account of the Charity shall be made, 
 as far as practicable, by means of cheques or 
 orders drawn on such bankers, to be signed at 
 some meeting of the governors by the chairman 
 thereof, and by one at least of the governors 
 present thereat, and to be countersigned by the 
 clerk. 
 
 31. Such monies nevertheless as may from 
 time to time be reqiiired for payment of the 
 current expenses of the Charity may be paid or 
 advanced by the governors for that purpose to 
 the clerk or such other officer of the Charity, and 
 in such manner, as they may consider expedient ; 
 and every such officer shall render to the gover- 
 nors, or as they shall direct, full and exact 
 accounts of all such monies received or expended 
 by him. 
 
 32. The governors shall provide some suitable 
 room or place of deposit in the College, wherein 
 shall be deposited the deeds, vouchers, account 
 books, and documents belonging to the Charity, 
 with proper lists or schedules thereof ; and the 
 contents of such room or place shall be examined 
 by or under the direction of the governors at 
 least once in each year ; and such room or place 
 shall be kept locked, and the keys thereof shall 
 be kept in such secure custody, and under such 
 regulations, as the governors shall from time to 
 time prescribe. 
 
 33. The governors shall make suitable provision 
 for the preservation and custody of the library 
 belonging to the College, and shall appropriate 
 annually, out of the income of the Charity, any 
 sum not exceeding £100 for binding, and the 
 purchase of books ; and, subject to the superior 
 authority and directions of the governors, the 
 Master of the College shall have the immediate 
 charge and management of the library, and may 
 establish suitable regulations for access thereto, 
 and for the use of the books by the masters and 
 boys of either school hereinafter mentioned, and 
 the officers and members of the establishment, 
 
 and other persons, and generally for the manage- 
 ment thereof. 
 
 34. There shall be one chaplain, to be styled 
 « The Chaplain of Alleyn's CoUege of God's Gift at 
 " Dulwich," who shall be a duly qualiiied person 
 in priest's orders of the Established Church. The 
 chaplain shall be appointed by the governors, 
 who shall also have the power of removing him 
 for neglect of duty, or other sufficient cause. The 
 first appointment of a chaplain shall be made as 
 soon as conveniently may be after the said 31st 
 day of December 1857, and not later than the 
 first general meeting to be held next after the 
 25th day of March 1858. 
 
 35. A suitable residence shall be erected or 
 appropriated and provided by the governors at 
 the expense of the Charity for the use of the 
 chaplain, and such residence shall be occupied by 
 the chaplain for the time being and his family 
 rent free, and shall be kept in substantial repair, 
 and all rates and taxes thereon paid by the 
 governors out of the general income of the 
 Charity ; and the chaplain shall reside in his 
 official residence rent free, and shall not underlet 
 or part with possession of the same, or any part 
 thereof, and he shall not absent himseK from 
 residence without the permission of the governors 
 or of the Master of the College acting under their 
 authority. 
 
 36. The chaplain shall perform divine service 
 in the chapel attached to the College upon 
 Sundays, and on such other days and at such 
 time as the governors or the Master of the 
 College, with their sanction, shall from time to 
 time direct, and he shall discharge such spiritual 
 duties for the benefit of the several objects of the 
 Charity as established by this scheme, and the 
 several persons for the time being belonging or 
 attached thereto, as the governors or the Master 
 with their sanction shall authorize and direct, 
 and also, so far as may be lawful and convenient, 
 all such spiritual duties for the benefit of the 
 township or hamlet of Dulwich, and the inhabit- 
 ants thereof respectively, as have been hereto- 
 fore commonly performed by the first or other 
 Fellows of the College. 
 
 37. In case an ecclesiastical district comprising 
 the said township or hamlet of Dulwich shaU 
 hereafter be legally created, the chaplain, with 
 the consent of the governors of the said Charity, 
 may become the incumbent or minister of such 
 district, subject and without prejudice to the 
 performance of his duties tmder this scheme. 
 
 38. The governors shall pay to the chaplain 
 out of the general income of the Charity, by 
 equal half-yearly payments, a clear annual 
 stipend not exceeding £350 and not less than 
 £250. 
 
 39. There shall be an organist for the purposes 
 of the Cliarity, who shall be appointed by the 
 
THE DULWICH COLLEGE ACT, 1857. 
 
 SOI 
 
 governors, and shall be removable by them at 
 pleasure, and who shall be paid such a reasonable 
 annual salary out of the income of the Charity 
 as the governors shall direct ; and the duty of 
 the orj^anist shall be, subject to the control and 
 direction of the Master and the governors, to 
 play the organ and generally to superintend the 
 musical part of the services in the College chapel, 
 and to instruct the boys in vocal music and 
 choral singing at the schools hereinafter con- 
 stituted, or such of them as may be selected for 
 that purpose by the Master, and also such of the 
 girls in the Dulwich girls' school as hereinafter 
 provided. The governors may, if they so think 
 tit, provide an official residence for the organist 
 rent free out of the fimds of the Charity. 
 
 40. The present chapel of the College shall 
 continue to be appropriated and used as a place 
 of divine worship for the purposes of the Charity 
 and its establishment, and also for the inhabitants 
 of the township or hamlet of Dulwich, in the 
 same manner and to the same extent as hereto- 
 fore ; and the governors may, if they think fit, 
 declare any number of the sittings to be free, or 
 may require from any persons frequenting the 
 chapel, and not being members of the Charity or 
 its establishment, the payment of any reasonable 
 sums by way of pew rent to be applied towards 
 the expenses of such chapel, and the maintenance 
 of the services thereof; provided that no such 
 payment shall be required in respect of any pew 
 or sitting in the chapel which shall have been 
 annexed or appropriated to any house in the 
 township or hamlet of Dulwich under any agree- 
 ment or resolution of the College during the 
 continuance of the term or period for which such 
 pew or sitting shall have been so annexed or 
 appropriated. In case the present chapel shall 
 at any time hereafter be found insufficient or 
 unsuitable for the purposes of the Charity and 
 for the inhabitants of the township or hamlet of 
 Dulwich, it may either be altered or enlarged by 
 the governors, or a new chapel in a convenient 
 situation for the inmates of the College may be 
 erected and fitted up by the governors upon a 
 plan to be approved by the Visitor ; provided 
 that in the construction of such new chapel 
 arrangements shall be made for affording to the 
 inhabitants of the township or hamlet of Dulwich 
 an equal extent of accommodation at least to that 
 heretofore enjoyed by them in the present chapel 
 of the College, having regard also to the probable 
 or eventual increase of population in the said 
 township or hamlet. 
 
 41. Subject to the provisions of this scheme, 
 the governors may from time to time prescribe 
 such reasonable rules and regulations as they 
 may think expedient for the internal government 
 and conduct of the Charity and the establishment 
 thereof as contemplated by this scheme, and of 
 
 all officers and persons for the time being attached 
 thereto or employed therein ; and all such rules 
 and regulations shall be observed by the persons 
 affected thereby. 
 
 42. The Charity with respect to its objects 
 shall consist of two branches, hereafter respectively 
 called "the Educational" and "the Eleemosy- 
 " nary " branches ; and the surplus annual income 
 of the Charity, which shall remain after providing 
 for and paying thereout the expenses of all 
 necessary buildings, repairs and insurance, and 
 all other requisite or proper outgoings and ex- 
 penses of management, as well as the stipends 
 and salaries, and several other payments herein- 
 biifore authorized or directed to be paid, and the 
 interest and instalments of any debt payable 
 thereout, shall be divided by the governors 
 annually into equal fourth parts ; and three of 
 such fourth parts shall be placed by them from 
 time to time to the account of " the educational 
 " branch" of the Charity, and (subject to the pro- 
 vision next hereinafter contained) shall be applied 
 and expended for the purposes thereof as herein- 
 after directed, and the remaining one-fourth part 
 of such surplus income shall be placed by the 
 said governors to the accoiint of the eleemosynary 
 branch of the Charity, and (subject to the said 
 provision next hereinafter contained) shall be 
 applied and expended for the purposes thereof as 
 hereinafter also directed. 
 
 43. Provided nevertheless, that until the avail- 
 able surplus income of the Charity shall be 
 sufficient for accomplishing the whole purposes 
 hereby provided for with respect to the said 
 educational and eleemosynary branches of the 
 Charity respectively, or for bringing the same 
 into active and complete operation, the amount of 
 such surplus income as aforesaid shall be invested 
 by the governors from time to time in the public 
 funds or other Government securities in the name 
 of the stock committee for the time being, and 
 the dividends thereon shall also be received and 
 invested by them in like manner, so as to form 
 an accumulating fund, which shall be ultimately 
 applicable for such or the like purposes as are 
 hereby declared of the income whence the same 
 shall have arisen, except that if and so far as the 
 governors may from time to time find the income 
 for the time being sufficient for any partial 
 accomplishment of such purposes respectively, it 
 shall be lawful for them, with the sanction of the 
 Board of Charity Commissioners for England and 
 Wales, to apply the same income, or any part 
 thereof, to such partial purposes. 
 
 44. If any doubt or question shall arise amongst 
 the governors or any of them as to the proper 
 construction or application of any of the pro- 
 visions of this scheme or the management of the 
 Charity, application may be made by the gover- 
 nors to the Charity Commissioners for England 
 
502 
 
 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. 
 
 and Wales for tlieir opinioa and advice thereon, 
 which opinion and advice, when given, shall be 
 binding on the governors ; and any provision in 
 this scheme which may require to be explained 
 or more closely adapted to the circumstances for 
 the time being of the Charity may be explained, 
 and adapted accordingly, by an order either of 
 the Court of Chancery or of the Board of Charity 
 Commissioners for England and Wales, to be 
 made upon the application of the governors to 
 the said Court or Board ; and any provision in 
 this scheme which shall be found inconvenient 
 or objectionable may be modiiied accordingly by 
 an order of the Court of Chancery, provided that 
 no alteration shall be made by any such order 
 involving a deviation from the main objects and 
 principles of this scheme. 
 
 As TO THE Educational Bra2?ch op the 
 Chaeity. 
 
 45. There shall be two schools, viz. an " Upper 
 " School," and a " Lower School," which shall be 
 respectively established and maintained in the 
 township or hamlet of Dulwich, out of the pro- 
 portion of the income and funds of the Charity 
 applicable to the educational branch thereof, 
 subject and according to the provisions of this 
 scheme. 
 
 46. The upper school shall be for the reception 
 and instruction of boys as foundation scholars 
 and day boys, and may be carried on in the 
 present College buildings, which, for the purposes 
 thereof, may be altered, enlarged, adapted, and 
 fitted up by the governors, or, if necessary, new 
 school buildings, mth masters' residences, play- 
 grounds, and appurtenances, may be erected, 
 provided, and fitted up by them, according to 
 any plan which shall be previously approved by 
 the Board of Charity Commissioners for England 
 and Wales. 
 
 47. There shall be a head master of the said 
 upper school, to be styled " The Master of AUeyn's 
 " College of God's Gift at Dulwich," and who shall 
 have the general control and superintendence of 
 the educational branch of the Charity, subject to 
 the superior authority of the governors, to whom 
 he shall be responsible for the conduct thereof. 
 There shall also be an under master of the same 
 school, and such master and vinder master respec- 
 tively shall be appointed by the governors. 
 
 48. The Master of the College, and the under 
 master of the upper school, shall respectively be 
 members of tlie Church of England, and graduates 
 of one of the Universities of the United Kingdom, 
 duly qualified to discharge the duties contemplated 
 by this scheme ; and the governors shall in all 
 cases, previously to appointing any master or 
 under master, advertise for candidates, and require 
 and receive testimonials and other evidence of 
 
 qualification in such manner as they may deem 
 expedient for securing the services of the most 
 efficient and eligible persons. 
 
 49. The governors shall p£^y by equal half- 
 yearly payments, out of the income of the educa- 
 tional branch of the Charity, a fixed annual 
 salary or stipend of £400 to the Master of the 
 College, and of £250 to the under master of the 
 upper school, and also, in addition to such fixed 
 salaries or stipends, a half-yearly payment or sum 
 of 30s. to the Master, and 10s. to the under 
 master, for every boy exceeding the number of 
 fifty, who shall have hmiA fide attended the said 
 school for a period of not less than three calendar 
 months during the then preceding half-year. 
 
 50. The Master of the College, with the 
 approbation of the governors, shall be at liberty 
 from time to time to appoint such assistant 
 masters or teachers, and such professors, lecturers, 
 and instructors, as may be requisite and proper 
 for the purposes of the school ; and every person 
 so appointed shall hold office during the pleasure 
 of the governors, and shall be paid out of the 
 income of the educational branch of the Cliarity 
 such a reasonable salary or remuneration as the 
 governors shall appoint. 
 
 51. All boys between the ages of eight and 
 fifteen years, whose parents or next friends shall 
 be inhabitants of any of the said four parishes of 
 Saint Botolph, Saint Saviour, Saint Luke, and 
 Saint Giles Camber well, being respectively of 
 good character and conduct, and free from any 
 infectious disease, and able to read and write, 
 shall, to the extent of the accommodation aiforded 
 by the said upper school, be capable of being 
 admitted thereto as day scholars, and of partaking 
 of the benefits and advantages thereof, subject to 
 the provisions of this scheme, and to such rules 
 and regulations as may be prescribed by the 
 governors consistently therewith ; but no boy 
 shall remain in the said school after he shall 
 have attained the age of eighteen years. Subject 
 to such rules and regulations as aforesaid, and 
 subject to the right of preference in favour of 
 boys from the four parishes aforesaid, it shall be 
 lawful for the governors, if they think it expedient, 
 at any time, to order the admission to the said 
 school of boys from other parishes also, provided 
 that the accommodation afforded by the school 
 buildings and the funds of the Charity shall be 
 sufficient for that purpose. 
 
 52. Every application for admission to the 
 upper school as a day scholar shall be made in 
 writing to the Master of the College, in whom 
 the power of admitting or rejecting applicants 
 shall be vested in the first instance, subject to 
 the revision and control of the governors in each 
 case, and such applications shall be made in such 
 form, and shall be accompanied by such testi- 
 monials and evidence of qualification, as the said 
 
THE DULWICH COLLEGE ACT, 1857. 
 
 503 
 
 Master, with tl\e sanction of the governors, shall 
 from time to time require ; and registers of the 
 applications for admission, and also of the boys 
 admitted to the school, specifying the respective 
 dates of such applications and admissions respec- 
 tively, and the residences of the hoys, and such 
 other particulars as the governors may direct or 
 sanction, shall be kept by the said Master, and 
 shall be accessible to every governor. 
 
 53. Any of the day boys attending the upper 
 school may, with the consent of the governors, 
 be admitted as day boarders upon the payment 
 of such sums as the governors shall from time to 
 time direct, and subject to such other reasonable 
 regulations as they may prescribe. 
 
 54 There shall be so many foundation scholars 
 in the upper school, not exceeding the number of 
 twenty-four at one time, as shall be fixed and deter- 
 mined from time to time by the governors, having 
 regard to the amount of the income and resources 
 of the educational branch of the Charity and the 
 extent of accommodation afforded by the build- 
 ings, and the said foundation scholars shall be 
 appointed in manner hereinafter mentioned, and 
 shall hold their respective appointments during 
 such periods and subject to such regulations and 
 conditions as the governors may from time to 
 time prescribe. 
 
 55. AU boys belonging to any of the four 
 parishes, either from the upper school or the 
 lower school hereafter constituted, between the 
 a"es of twelve and fifteen years, may offer them- 
 selves as candidates for appointment as founda- 
 tion scholars in the upper school, subject and 
 according to such regulations as the governors 
 may from time to time prescribe ; and the raid 
 foundation scholars shall be elected and appointed 
 by the governors from time to time from the 
 candidates who shall be reported to them by the 
 Master of the College to be the most deserving, 
 having regard to the examinations passed by 
 such candidates respectively at tlie examinations 
 hereinafter directed to be held of the said 
 schools, and to their respective characters and 
 conduct : Provided that of the whole number of 
 foundation scholars in tlie upper school not less 
 than one-third shall be so elected and appointed 
 by examination from the foundation scholars of 
 the lower school. 
 
 56. Subject to such regulations as shall from 
 time to time be established or approved by the 
 governors, the foundation scholars in the upper 
 school shall during their continuance at the 
 same school be lodged, boarded, clothed, educated, 
 and maintained in all respects at the entire 
 expense of the Charity, and the governors may, 
 if they think fit, direct that such scholars shall 
 wear a suitable cap or other mark of distinction. 
 
 57. The Master of the College and the second 
 master of the upper school shall not be at liberty 
 
 to receive and board any private pupils in their 
 respective residences. 
 
 58. The governors shall have the power ot 
 dismissing and expelling any boy from the upper 
 school for any immorality, insubordination, mis- 
 conduct, or other sufficient cause ; and the Master 
 may immediately suspend any boy guilty of any 
 such misconduct from further attendance at the 
 school until the case can be reported to the 
 governors and decided upon by them. 
 
 59. An annual sum or capitation fee to be 
 fixed and determined from time to time by the 
 governors shall be paid by every boy attending 
 the upper school, with the exception of the 
 foundation scholars, and, until it shall be other- 
 wise determined by the governors, the pay- 
 ment shall be according to the following scale, 
 viz. : — 
 
 For every boy under the age of fourteen years : 
 If belonging to any of the four parishes 
 
 aforesaid, £6. 
 If not belonging to any of the same parishes, 
 £8. 
 For every boy above the age of fourteen years : 
 If belonging to any of the four parishes 
 
 aforesaid, £8. 
 If not belonging to any of the same parishes, 
 £10. 
 And all such capitation fees shall be paid in 
 advance to the governors, or to such person as 
 they may appoint to receive the same, in such 
 half-yearly or other payments and at such times 
 as the governors may direct ; and the governors 
 shall be at liberty in any special cases to vary 
 the sum to be paid by any boy, or to remit the 
 same either partially or entirely as a reward of 
 his superior merit, or on the ground of the 
 greater poverty of his parents or next friends. 
 
 60. The annual amount of the capitation fees 
 to be received from the boj's as aforesaid shall be 
 paid and applied by the governors as follows, 
 viz. one moiety thereof shall be paid half-yearly 
 to the Master of the College, and one-fourth part 
 thereof shall be paid half-yearly to the under 
 master of the upper school, in augmentation of 
 their respective stipends, and the remaining one- 
 fourth part thereof shall be applicable to the 
 general purposes of the said school, 
 
 61. The instruction to be aiforded in the upper 
 school shall comprise, as far as may be — 
 
 The Principles of the Christian Religion and 
 the Beading and Study of the Holy 
 Scriptures ; 
 
 English Literature and Composition ; 
 
 The Greek, Latin, and modern Languages and 
 Literature ; 
 
 History and Geography ; 
 
 Writing and Vocal Music ; 
 
 Mathematics, Algebra, Arithmetic and Book- 
 keeping ; 
 
504 
 
 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. 
 
 Drawing and Designing, Practical Geometry 
 and Mensuration, and the Principles of 
 Civil Engineering ; 
 Physics, Mechanics, Chemistry, and the 
 Natural Sciences, especially with their 
 applications to the Industrial and Practi- 
 cal Arts ; 
 And generally such subjects as the governors 
 shall from time to time prescribe for affording to 
 the scholars a sound religious, moral, and iiseful 
 education. 
 
 For the purposes of these several branches of 
 instruction, the upper school may be divided into 
 such departments or sections as the governors, or 
 the Master with their sanction shall from time to 
 time determine, and the buildings to be provided 
 for or appropriated to the objects of the same 
 school, and the fittings thereof respectively, shall 
 be adapted to the same purposes accordingly. 
 
 The governors may also, out of the funds 
 applicable to the educational branch of the 
 Charity, from time to time provide such instru- 
 ments, models, drawings, apparatus, and other 
 requisites, and may employ either tempoiarily or 
 otherwise such lecturers, professors, or teachers, 
 as they shall think proper, and as the said funds 
 shall be sufficient to provide for advancing or 
 rendering more effective the instruction to be so 
 given. 
 
 62. The course of instruction to be adopted in 
 the upper school, and the hours of attendance, 
 and the discipline and internal conduct and 
 management thereof, and the holidays and 
 vacations to be allowed therein, shall be under 
 the direction and control of the Master of the 
 College, subject to such rules and regulations as 
 the governors may from time to time approve. 
 
 63. There shall be an annual examination of 
 the boys at the upper school at such time as 
 shall be appointed by the governors, who shall 
 appoint one or more suitable examiners, being 
 respectively graduates of one of the Universities 
 of the United Kingdom, to conduct such exami- 
 nation, and may pay such examiners respectively 
 any reasonable sum for their trouble and ex- 
 penses ; and such examination shall take place 
 in the presence of the governors, and of the 
 Master of the College, and the under master of 
 the school, or such of them as can conveniently 
 attend ; and the churchwardens of the said four 
 parishes, and such other persons as the governors 
 or the Master may think fit, shall be invited to 
 attend the same ; and suitable prizes may be 
 provided and distributed by the governors upon 
 every such examination to the boys who shall be 
 reported to them by the Master of the College as 
 deserving the same. 
 
 64. Whenever the income and resources of the 
 educational branch of the Charity shall, in the 
 judgment of the governors, permit, it shall be 
 
 lawful for the governors to establish and pay out 
 of such income any number of exhibitions or 
 scholarships, not exceeding eight in the whole, 
 and not exceeding the amount of £10& per 
 annum each ; and such exhibitions or scholar- 
 ships, when vacant, shall be open to the com- 
 petition of all the boys at the upper school at 
 the annual examination aforesaid, and may be 
 awarded by the governors to the boys who shall 
 appear to be most deserving thereof, having 
 regard to the result of the said examination, and 
 to the general character and conduct of such boys 
 respectively : Provided that no boy shall be 
 eligible for such exhibition who has not for the 
 period of two years immediately preceding been 
 educated in the upper or lower school. 
 
 65. Each exhibition or scholarship shall be 
 tenable for five years, or for any less period, to 
 be determined by the governors ; provided that 
 the holder shall, during his tenure thereof, con- 
 tinue to be resident at one of the English 
 Universities, or to be a honA fide student of some 
 learned or scientific profession or of the fine 
 arts, with a view to the professional practice 
 thereof, and shall continue to conduct liimself 
 with propriety and to the satisfaction of the 
 governors. 
 
 66. The lower school shall be for the instruc- 
 tion and benefit of boys as foundation scholars 
 and day boys, and shall be established and 
 carried on in suitable buildings and premises, 
 to be constructed or provided and fitted up for 
 that purpose by the governors in Dulwich, 
 according to a plan to be previously approved by 
 the Board of Charity Commissioners for England 
 and "Wales ; and the buUdings of the present 
 College grammar school may, if thought ex- 
 pedient, and subject to the like approval, be 
 appropriated and altered, enlarged and fitted up 
 by the governors for the purpose of the said 
 lower school. 
 
 67. There shall be a master of the lower school 
 to be appointed by the governors, who shall be a 
 member of the Church of England, duly qualified 
 to discharge the duties contemplated oy this 
 scheme ; and the governors, previously to ap- 
 pointing any such master, shall advertise for 
 candidates, and receive such testimonials and 
 evidence of qualification as they may deem 
 expedient for securing the services of the most 
 efficient and eligible master. 
 
 68. The master of the lower school shall be 
 paid by the governors by half-yearly payments 
 out of the income of the educational branch of 
 the Charity a fixed annual stipend of £200, and 
 also an additional half-yearly sum of 20s. for 
 every boy exceeding the number of fifty who 
 shall have bond fide attended the same school for 
 a period of not less than three calendar months 
 during the then preceding half-year. 
 
THE DULWICH COLLEGE ACT, 1857. 
 
 SOS 
 
 69. The governors, vipon the recommenclation 
 of the Master of the College, may from time to 
 tiiae appoint such and so many persons as 
 assistant masters, teachers, and instructors for 
 the purposes of the lower school as in their 
 opinion may be requisite or proper, having 
 regard to the requirements of the same school, 
 and the income and resources of the educational 
 branch of the Charity ; and everj' such person 
 may be paid by the governors such a salary or 
 remuneration as the governors may think proper, 
 and every person to be so appointed shall hold 
 office during the pleasure of the governors. 
 
 70. There shall be so many "foundation 
 " scholars " in the lower school as shall be fixed 
 and determined from time to time by the 
 governors, having regard to the amount of the 
 income and resources for the time being of the 
 educational branch of the Charity. 
 
 71. The foundation scholars at the lower 
 school shall be appointed by the governors, and 
 boys between the ages of eight and twelve years, 
 of good character, free from infectious disease, 
 and able to read and write, and being poor 
 orphans having lost one or both parents, or in 
 default of such then the children of poor 
 deserving parents resident in any of the said 
 several parishes of St. Botolph, St. Saviour, St. 
 Luke, and St. Giles Camberwell, shall be eligible 
 to be so appointed, but so that an equal number 
 of the said foundation scholars shall be taken 
 from each of the said parishes. The age up to 
 which the foundation scholars may remain in the 
 lower school may be fixed and determined from 
 time to time by the governors, provided that no 
 boy shall be allowed to remain as a foundation 
 scholar in the same school after the age of six- 
 teen years. 
 
 72. The foundation scholars at the lower school 
 shall be elected from time to time from amongst 
 boys duly qualified as aforesaid, upon an exami- 
 nation and inquiry to be instituted by the 
 governors, or by a committee of not less than 
 three of their number, to be appointed for that 
 purpose ; and every such election shall be held 
 either at Dulwich or at the respective parishes 
 from which the scholars are to be elected, and 
 shall take place at such times and be subject to 
 such rules and regulations as may be prescribed 
 by the said governors ; and previously to every 
 such election sufficient notice shall be given by 
 the governors in such of the said parishes as may 
 be interested therein, and in any manner and 
 form which the governors may consider best 
 calculated to ensure publicity, specifying the 
 number of vacancies to be filled up, and the 
 qualifications required from candidates, and the 
 time and place at which the election will take 
 place ; and in making every such election the 
 merits, qualifications, and claims of the candi- 
 
 VOL. I. 
 
 dates in regard to their respective proficiency, 
 abilities, and general character, and the circum- 
 stances and character of their respective parents, 
 shall be taken into due consideration by the 
 governors. 
 
 73. The governors may appoint any fit and 
 proper person to examine the candidates at 
 every such election, and may pay to such person 
 oiTt of the funds of the Charity any reasonable 
 remuneration for his trouble and expenses, or 
 they may authorize the master of the lower 
 school, or the Master of the College, or the 
 imder master of the upper school to act as the 
 examiner iipon any such occasion gratuitously ; 
 and so far as conveniently may be, and subject 
 to such regulations as the governors may pre- 
 scribe, every such examination may be attended 
 by all parishioners of the parish for which the 
 election in question shall be held, and by any 
 other persons whom the said governors may 
 think fit or expedient to admit to attend the 
 same. 
 
 74. The foundation scholars at the lower 
 school shall be lodged and boarded in suitable 
 buildings attached to the same school, to be pro- 
 vided and fitted up by the governors for that 
 purpose, and shall also be clothed, maintained, 
 and educated at the same school, at the entire 
 expense of the Charity, in accordance with such 
 rules and regulations as may be prescribed by the 
 governors in that behalf 
 
 75. Subject to the regulation and control of 
 the governors, and to the extent of accommoda- 
 tion afforded by the school, all boys above the 
 age of eight years, the children of the industrial 
 or poorer classes resident in any of the four 
 parishes aforesaid, being respectively of good 
 character and able to read and write, and not 
 suffering from any infectious disorder, shall be 
 admissible to the lower school as day boys ; but 
 no such boy shall remain at the school after the 
 age of sixteen years. 
 
 76. Every application for admission as a day 
 boy to the lower school shall be made to the 
 master of the same school, who shall keep a 
 register of aU such applications and of the boys 
 admitted to the school, which register shall 
 always be open to the inspection of every gover- 
 nor and of the Master of the College. 
 
 77. A capitation fee to be fixed by the gover- 
 nors from time to time, but not exceeding 5s. a 
 quarter for each boy under fourteen years of age, 
 and 10s. a quarter for each boy above that age, 
 shall be paid by the parents or friends of every 
 day boy attending the lower school to the gover- 
 nors, or to any person appointed by them to 
 receive the same ; but the governors may in 
 particular cases, if they see fit, as a reward of 
 superior merit, or on the ground of the poverty 
 of any boy or his friends, or for sufficient special 
 
 3 S 
 
So6 
 
 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 reasons, excuse the payment of such capitation, 
 fees, either wholly or in part. All such capita- 
 tion fees shall he paid in advance quarterly, or at 
 Buch other times as the governors may direct, and 
 shall be paid and applied by the governors as 
 follows, viz. one moiety of the amount thereof 
 shall be paid half-yearly to the master of the 
 lower school in augmentation of his stipend, and 
 the remaining moiety shall be applied towards 
 increasing the stipend or remuneration of the 
 assistant masters or teachers of the said school 
 respectively (if any), or for the general purposes 
 of the same school, as the governors in their 
 discretion shall think fit. 
 
 78. Any of the day boys attending the lower 
 school may, with the consent of the governors, be 
 admitted aa day boarders, and may thereupon he 
 boarded with the foundation scholars of the 
 same school upon the payment of such a sum for 
 defraying the expense as the governors may from 
 time to time direct, and subject to such other 
 reasonable regulations as they may prescribe. 
 
 79. The instruction to be given in the lower 
 school shall comprise, as far as may be — 
 
 The Principles of the Christian Religion, and 
 the Reading and Study of the Holy Scrip- 
 tures ; 
 Spelling, Reading, and Writing ; 
 English Grammar and Composition, and the 
 
 Latin and modern Languages ; 
 General History and Geography ; 
 Vocal Music ; 
 
 Arithmetic, Algebra, Mathematics, and the 
 Elements of Practical Geometry and of 
 Mensuration ; 
 Elementary Instruction in the Laws of Physics, 
 Mechanics, Chemistry, and the Natural 
 Sciences ; 
 Elementary Freehand and Mechanical Draw- 
 ing. 
 The instruction in these subjects shall bear 
 especially on their application to the Industrial 
 Arts, and to them may be added such subjects 
 as the governors shall from time to time prescribe 
 for affording to the scholars a sound religious, 
 moral, and useful education, adapted to their 
 probable occupations or stations in life. 
 
 For the purposes aforesaid the lower school may 
 be divided into such departments or sections as 
 the governors, or the Master with their sanction, 
 shall from time to time determine, and the 
 buildings to be provided for or appropriated to 
 the objects of the same school, ancT the fittings 
 thereof shall be adapted to the same several pur- 
 poses accordingly. 
 
 The governors may also from time to time, for 
 the benefit of the lower school, make any such 
 provision for _ promoting or rendering more 
 effectual the instruction to be given therein, 
 and particularly in any branches of physical or 
 
 mechanical science as are authorized to be made 
 by them for the benefit of the upper school for 
 the like purposes, so far as in their judgment 
 such provision shall be required, and the funds 
 of the educational branch of the Charity properly 
 applicable to this purpose will permit. 
 
 80. The boys at the lower school shall be liable 
 to dismissal and expulsion by the governors for 
 any breach of the rules of the school, or for theft, 
 immorality, insubordination, or misconduct, or 
 other sufficient cause. And upon the occurrence 
 of any such offence or occasion, the master of the 
 same school shall report the same to the Master 
 of the College, who shall have power to inquire 
 into the same, and, if he shall so think fit, to 
 suspend the oftender from further attendance at 
 the school, until the case shall have been reported 
 by him to the governors, and decided upon by 
 them. 
 
 81. The discipline and course of instruction to 
 be adopted at the lower school, and the internal 
 regulation and management thereof, shall be 
 committed to the master of the same school, 
 subject, nevertheless, to the general superintend- 
 ence and direction of the Master of the College, 
 who shall be at liberty at all times to visit and 
 inquire into the state and condition of the said 
 lower school, and shall, at least once in each 
 year, make a report thereon to the governors, and 
 subject also to the orders and regulations of the 
 governors. 
 
 82. There shall be an annual examination of 
 the boys at the lower school at such time as shall 
 be appointed by the governors, who shall appoint 
 some fit and proper, examiner to conduct such 
 examination, and may pay to him any reason- 
 able remuneration for his trouble and expenses ; 
 and such examination shall take place in the 
 presence of the governors, and of the masters of 
 the upper and lower schools, or such of them as 
 can conveniently attend ; and the churchwardens 
 of the said four parishes, and such other persons 
 as the governors or the Master of the College may 
 from time to time think fit, shall be invited to 
 attend the same. With the approbation of the 
 governors, either the Master of the College or 
 the second master of the upper school may act as 
 the examiner at any such annual examination 
 gratuitously. 
 
 83. The governors may yearly, upon the occa- 
 sion of such examination as last aforesaid, distri- 
 bute suitable prizes, to be pro^'ided out of the 
 income and funds of the educational branch of 
 the Charity, among the boys at the lower school 
 who shall be found to be most deserving thereof, 
 having regard to the results of the said examina- 
 tion and to the general character and conduct of 
 such boys, according to a report thereof to be 
 made to the governors by the Master of the 
 College in concurrence with the master of the 
 
THE DULWICH COLLEGE ACT, 1857. 
 
 507 
 
 lower school ; and the governors may also yearly, 
 upon the occasion of such annual examination, 
 award and pay out of the same income and funds, 
 to or for the benefit of a limited number of suet 
 boys as last aforesaid who shall be then leaving 
 the school (but not exceeding the number of six 
 in the whole during any one year), a gratuity 
 or sum not exceeding £40 in each case, for the 
 purpose of apprenticing or advancing such boys 
 respectively in the world in such manner and 
 subject to such conditions and regulations as the 
 governors may prescribe: Provided that one- 
 third at least of the boys receiving such beneiit 
 shall be taken every year from the most deserv- 
 ing of the foundation scholars of the lower 
 school, if a sufficient number of the foundation 
 scholars should be then leaving the schooL 
 
 84. Whenever the income and resources of the 
 educational branch of the Charity shall in the 
 judgment of the governors permit, any number 
 of exhibitions or scholarships, not exceeding 
 twelve in the whole, and not exceeding the 
 amount of £40 per annum each, may be awarded 
 and paid by the said governors out of such 
 income to or for the benefit of such boys as 
 hereinafter mentioned upon their leaving the 
 lower school ; and any such exhibition or scholar- 
 ship shall be tenable by the boy to whom it shall 
 be so awarded for a period not exceeding four 
 years from the time of his leaving the school, 
 provided that he shall continue to conduct him- 
 self with propriety and to the satisfaction of the 
 governors ; but no more than three such exhibi- 
 tions or scholarships shall be awarded or filled 
 up in any one year. 
 
 85. The said exhibitions or scholarships to the 
 extent of the disposable vacancies for the time 
 being therein shall be open to the competition of 
 aU boys at the lower scnool (as well foundation 
 scholars as day boys) at the annual examination 
 for the same schools, and shall be awarded by the 
 governors to the boys who shall be found to be 
 most deserving thereof, having regard to the 
 result of the said examination, and to the general 
 character and conduct of the boys, according to a 
 report to be made to the governors by the 
 Master of the College in concurrence with the 
 master of the lower school ; but no boy shall be 
 entitled to receive any such exhibition or scholar- 
 ship in addition to a gratuity for his apprentice- 
 ship or advancement as aforesaid : Provided also 
 that no boy shall be eligible for such exhibition 
 or scholarship who has not for the period of two 
 years immediately preceding been educated in 
 the said lower school. 
 
 86. Suitable residences, with all proper fittings 
 and appurtenances, shall be provided by the 
 governors for the persons holding the respective 
 offices of Master of the College and under master 
 and master of the said upper and lower schools, 
 
 and the same persons respectively shall reside in 
 their respective official residences rent free, and 
 shall have the occupation and use thereof in 
 respect of their official character and duties, and 
 not as tenants, and shall, if removed from office, 
 deliver up possession of their said respective 
 residences at such time and to such person as the 
 governors may require or direct ; and no Master 
 shall underlet or permit any person, except him- 
 self and his family, to occupy his official residence 
 or any part thereof. The said official residences, 
 with their respective appurtenances, shall be 
 kept in proper repair, and all rates and taxes 
 thereon shall be paid by the governors out of the 
 income of the Charity. 
 
 87. The Master of the College and the under 
 master and master of the said upper and lower 
 schools respectively shall give their whole time 
 and personal attention to the duties of their 
 respective offices, and shall not respectively 
 during their respective tenure of office accept or 
 hold any benefice having the cure of souls, or 
 any office or appointment which in the opinion 
 of the governors may interfere with the proper 
 performance of their respective duties under this 
 scheme. 
 
 88. The Master of the College and the under 
 master and master of the said upper and lower 
 schools respectively, previously to entering into 
 office under the provisions of this scheme, shall 
 respectively sign a declaration to be entered in 
 the minute book of the governors, which may be 
 in the following form, or as near thereto as con- 
 veniently may be, i.e. : — 
 
 " I, declare, 
 
 " That I will always to the best of my ability 
 " discharge the duties of 
 
 " during my tenure of that office according to the 
 " provisions of the scheme for the regulation of 
 " Alleyn's College of Grod's Gift at Dulwich, and 
 " that in case I shall be removed from my office 
 " by the governors according to the provisions 
 " of the same scheme, I will acquiesce in such 
 " removal, and will thereupon relinquish all 
 " claim to such office and its future emoluments ; 
 " and upon any such removal, or upon any 
 " avoidance of my office, possession of my official 
 " residence with its appurtenances may be forth- 
 " with taken by the governors, or any person 
 " appointed by them to take possession of the 
 " same." 
 
 89. The Master of the College, and the under 
 master of the upper school, and the master of the 
 lower school respectively, shall be liable to be 
 removed from their respective offices by the 
 resolution of the governors present at a special 
 meeting, to be called for the express purpose of 
 considering the expediency of such removal upon 
 a requisition of at least tliree governors, provided 
 that the resolution for such removal shall be 
 
SoS 
 
 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. 
 
 carried at such meeting by at least two-thirds of 
 the governoi's present, and that the number of 
 governors voting for the removal shall not be less ■ 
 than seven, and provided that the notice of 
 meeting shall in this special case have been 
 given to every governor by the space of at least 
 one calendar month previously to the holding 
 thereof, and that notice thereof shall have been 
 also given in like manner by the same space 
 previously to the master whose removal shall be 
 proposed, and that such resolution shall be entered 
 on the minutes and signed by the governors 
 voting for the same. 
 
 90. The Master of the College, and the under 
 master of the upper school, and the master of 
 the lower school, shall also respectively be 
 removable by the governors under the proidsions 
 of " The Charitable Trusts Act, 1853,'' and the 
 governors may assign to any master or under 
 master, upon his removal under this or the last 
 foregoing clause, or upon his retirement, such a 
 reasonable annual allowance by way of retiring 
 pension, to be paid out of the income of the 
 educational branch of the Charity, as the Board 
 of Charity Commissioners for England and 
 Wales shall sanction. 
 
 91. Any Master of the College, and any under 
 master or master of the said upper and lower 
 schools respectively, who may die, resign, or be 
 removed from oifice under the provisions of this 
 scheme in the interval between any two half- 
 yearly days of payment, shall respectively be 
 entitled to a due proportion of his salary or 
 stipend, and of the portion of capitation fees, if 
 any, payable to him under the provisions of this 
 scheme from the previous half-yearly day of 
 payment thereof up to the day of his death, 
 resignation, or removal. 
 
 92. Prayers taken from the liturgy of the 
 Church of England, or of which the form shall 
 have been approved by the Visitor, shall be said 
 daily in each of the said schools when the same 
 shall meet. The religious instruction in both 
 the schools shall be in accordance with the 
 doctrines of the Church of England, and shall be 
 given under the general direction of the Master 
 of the College to all boys, except that instruction 
 in the Church Catechism, or in any distinctive 
 doctrines of the Church of England, shall not be 
 ^ven to boys whose parents, or persons standing 
 vn loco parentis (being respectively persons not in 
 communion with that (Jhurch), shall state in 
 writing to the Master of the College that they obj ect 
 to such last-mentioned instruction upon conscien- 
 tious grounds ; and aU the boys, e.Kcejit those 
 last aforesaid, shall also attend divine service at 
 the chapel of the College on Sundays, and on 
 such other days and at such times as may be 
 directed by the Master of the College, subject to 
 the approbation of the governors. The exemp- 
 
 tion from attending divine service at the chapel 
 of the CoUege on Sundays may also be extended 
 by the governors or the Master, if found necessary 
 or convenient, to any day boys attending the'- 
 schools from other places than Dulwich ; but 
 care shall be taken, as far as possible, that all 
 boys who shall, by virtue of the said exception, 
 be exempted from attendance at the said chapel 
 as aforesaid, shall recjularly attend some other 
 place of religious public worship on Sundays. 
 
 93. Every establishment which may be set up 
 by any person or persons for the purpose of 
 lodging or boarding boys at the upper or lower 
 school shall be under the superintendence of 
 the Master of the College, subject to any rules 
 and regulations which may be made by the 
 governors. 
 
 94. The governors may appoint from time to 
 time such attendants and servants as may be 
 found to be required for any of the purposes of 
 the said respective schools at such reasonable 
 salaries to be paid out of the income of the 
 educational branch of the Charity as the gover- 
 nors may think fit, and may remove any such 
 attendants and servants at pleasure. 
 
 95. The present poor scholars at the College, 
 or such of them (if any) as may retain their 
 respective appointment when this scheme shall 
 come into operation, shall be entitled to be 
 admitted in the first instance as foundation 
 scholars either at the upper or lower schools, as 
 the governors may determine and direct in each 
 case. 
 
 96. In the appointment or admission of boys 
 from the parish of CamberweU to either of the 
 said schools, under any of the provisions of this 
 scheme, boys being the children of resident 
 inhabitants of the township or hamlet of Dul- 
 wich, and being otherwise duly qualified for 
 appointment or admission, shall always be 
 entitled to and have a preference, ceteris paribus, 
 over boys being the children of persons resident 
 in any other part of the said parish of Camber- 
 well : Provided nevertheless, that the preference 
 hereby given shall take effect and be acted upon 
 in those cases only where the merits and qualilica- 
 tions of the respective candidates for appointment 
 or admission independently of their place of 
 residence shall be equal in the judgment of the 
 governors, whose decision in case of any dispute 
 or difference as to the application or effect of this 
 provision shall be conclusive upon all parties. 
 
 97. The schools shall respectively be subject 
 to inspection by Her Majesty's Inspectors of 
 Schools. 
 
 98. It shall be lawful for the governors from 
 time to time, with the sanction of the Court of 
 Chancery or the Board of Charity Commissioners 
 for England and Wales, to be obtained upon 
 application to such Court or Board, to increase 
 
THE DULWICH COLLEGE ACT, 1S57. 
 
 509 
 
 the number of foundation, scholars or exTiibi- 
 tioners at or from both or either of the said 
 schools to such an extent as the amount of the 
 income and resources of the educational branch 
 of the Charity for the time being, and other 
 circumstiinces, may render proper and expedient. 
 
 99. The annual surplus income (if any) of the 
 educational branch of the Charity wliich sliall 
 not be applied or required for the purposes 
 liereinbefore expressed, shall be invested by the 
 governors from time to time in the public funds 
 or other Government securities, in the names of 
 the stock committee or in the name of the official 
 trustees of charitable funds, and the dividends 
 and income to arise from such investments shall 
 be applicable as part of the income of the 
 educational branch of the Charity. 
 
 As TO THE Elesjiosyuart BeAIsCH. 
 
 100. There shall be such a number of alms- 
 people belonging to the Charity as shall be 
 determined by the governors from time to time, 
 having regard to the amount of income available 
 for the support of the eleemosynary branch of 
 the Charity, and the extent of accommodation 
 afforded by the buildings to be erected for that 
 purpose according to this scheme ; but the 
 number of such almspeople for whom accom- 
 modation shall be provided by the governors in 
 the first instance shall not exceed twenty-four. 
 
 101. Suitable residences ■ndth gardens, if the 
 same can be conveniently attached to them, and 
 all necessary and proper fittings and conveni- 
 ences, shall be erected or appropriated and pro- 
 vided by the governors for the reception and 
 accommodation of the said almspeople, upon the 
 Charity estate if practicable, or elsewhere at 
 Dulwich, and according to plans to be approved 
 by the Board of Charity Commissioners for 
 England and Wales. 
 
 102. The present poor brethren and sisters 
 belonging to the Charity, or any of them, who 
 may continue to hold their respective appoint- 
 ments after the 31st day of December next, shall 
 be entitled to be placed in the first instance in 
 the residences to be erected or appropriated and 
 fitted up in accordance with the provisions of 
 this scheme ; and until suflicient residences shall 
 be erected and fitted up for such poor brethren 
 and sisters, and in case of and from and after their 
 removal from the College, the governors shall 
 provide them with fit residences or make such 
 other provision for their location and domiciles 
 as shall be just and expedient. 
 
 103. One half of the almspeople shall be poor 
 men to be called " Brethren," and the other half 
 of such almspeople shall be poor women to be 
 called " Sisters," and both classes shall be selected, 
 so far as practicable, from among respectable 
 
 persons, either married or single, who shall have 
 fallen from better circumstances into indigence, 
 and who shall be of the age of sixty years or 
 upwards f' and the said almspeople shall always 
 be chosen and appointed from among residents 
 in the said four parishes of Saint Botolph With- 
 out Bishopsgate, Saint Saviour Southwark, Saint 
 Luke Middlesex, and Saint Giles Camberwell, 
 respectively, in the proportion of one-fourth of 
 the whole number of such almspeople from each 
 of the said several parishes respectively. 
 
 104. The right of appointing the almspeople 
 shall be vested in the governors, but for the 
 purpose of every such appointment the vestry of 
 the parish from which the appointment is to be 
 made shall submit to the governors the names of 
 three persons duly qualified as aforesaid as candi- 
 dates, with all proper inlbrmation and evidences 
 as to their qualification, condition, character, and 
 circumstances, and so far as regards the candi- 
 dates to be so submitted from the parish of 
 Camberwell, having due regard to the preference 
 hereinafter reserved in favour of persons resident 
 in the to^vnship or hamlet of Dulwich, and one 
 of such candidates, if foimd duly qualified and 
 eligible, shall thereupon be selected and appointed 
 by the governors to fill the vacancy ; but the 
 governors may, if and so often as they shall 
 thinlt fit, on the ground of disqualification, or 
 any other reasonable cause to be assigned by 
 them, reject all or any of the three candidates to 
 be so submitted to them for the purpose of any 
 such appointment, and require other candidates 
 to be submitted to them as aforesaid, in the 
 respective places of any so rejected. In any case 
 of the refusal or omission of the vestry to submit 
 to the governors the names of proper candidates 
 within twenty-eight days next after a notification 
 made to them or to their clerk by order of the 
 governors of a vacancy to be filled, or next after 
 the rejection by the governors according to the 
 preceding provision of any candidates or candi- 
 date for the said vacancy, the governors shall be 
 at liberty to appoint any duly qualified person to 
 fill such vacancy. 
 
 105. The almspeople, during the tenure of 
 their respective a2:)pointments, shall have the use 
 and occupation of their respective residences, 
 together with such fittings and furniture (if any) 
 as may be provided by the governors, rent free, 
 and a weekly stipend to be fixed and determined 
 from time to time by the governors, but not 
 exceeding 20s. per week, shall be paid to each 
 almsperson out of the income of the eleemosynary 
 branch of the Charity. 
 
 106. The chaplain of the College, subject to 
 the superior authority and direction of the 
 governors, shall have the immediate supervision 
 and control of the almspeople, and shall take 
 care that proper discipline and order is observed 
 
510 
 
 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. 
 
 by ttem, and he Bhall half-yearly or more fre- 
 quently report to the governors as to the state 
 and condition of the almspeople and eleemosynary 
 branch of the Charity generally. 
 
 107. Whenever the income of the eleemosynary 
 branch of the Charity, after providing for the 
 establishment and maintenance of twenty-four 
 almspeople, shall be sufficient for the following 
 purpose, the governors shall appoint from time 
 to time as out-pensioners any number of persons 
 not exceeding the number of almspeople for the 
 time being, and not exceeding thirty-two in the 
 whole. The number of such pensioners of either 
 sex shall, so far as possible, be equal ; and so far 
 as may be convenient and practicable the several 
 provisions herein contained with regard to the 
 qualification of the said almspeople, and the pro- 
 portion of the whole number to be appointed 
 from the poor of each of the said four parishes 
 respectively, and the mode of their election and 
 appointment, and the tenure of their appoint- 
 ments, shall be applicable to the pensioners con- 
 templated by this provision, except that such 
 pensioners shall be eligible after the age of fifty 
 years. The governors may pay to each pensioner 
 during the tenure of his or her appointment, 
 out of the last - mentioned income, a weekly 
 or other periodical sum at the rate of 10s. per 
 week. 
 
 108. The governors shall have the power of 
 removing and dismissing any almsperson or pen- 
 sioner for disqualification, immorality, insub- 
 ordination, misconduct, or other sufficient cause, 
 and the Master of the College may at any time 
 suspend any almsperson or pensioner guilty of 
 any such misconduct from the receipt of any 
 allowance or benefit from the Charity until the 
 case can be reported to the governors and decided 
 upon by them. 
 
 109. In the appointment of any almsperson or 
 pensioner from among residents in the parish of 
 Camberwell under the provisions of this scheme, 
 poor persons resident in the said township or 
 hamlet of Dulwich, being otherwise duly qualified 
 as required by this scheme, shall always be 
 entitled to and have a preference, cceteris paribus, 
 over poor persons resident in other parts of the 
 said parish, and the nominations to be made by 
 the vestry of the said parish of Camberwell shall 
 in all cases be made in accordance with this 
 provision ; provided nevertheless, that the pre- 
 ference hereby given shall take effect and be 
 acted upon in those cases only where the qualifica- 
 tions and claims of the respective candidates in 
 accordance with this scheme, independently of 
 their place of residence, shall be equal accord- 
 ing^ to the judgment of the governors, whose 
 decision in case of any dispute or difference 
 as to the application or effect of this provision 
 shall be conclusive as between all parties. 
 
 110. The annual surplus income (if any) of the 
 eleemosynary branch of the Charity which shall 
 not be applied or required for the purposes 
 hereinbefore expressed, or any of them, shall be 
 invested by the governors from time to time in 
 the public funds or other Government securities, 
 in the names of the stock committee or in the 
 name of the official trustees of charitable funds, 
 and the dividends and income to arise from such 
 investments shall be applicable as part of the 
 income of the eleemosynary branch of the 
 Charity. 
 
 As TO THE Pictures and other Minor 
 Foundations. 
 
 111. Provision shall be made by the governors, 
 with the sanction of the President and Council 
 of the Royal Academy, for the preservation and 
 custody of the collection of pictures and other 
 works of art bequeathed to the College by the 
 respective wills of Sir Peter Prancis Bourgeois 
 and Margaret Desenfans, and all accretions or 
 additions (if any) to such collection, in the 
 present gallery, and, if necessary, in some addi- 
 tional gallery to be erected or otherwise pro- 
 vided for the purpose at the College at Dulwich, 
 and subject to such regulations for making the 
 same accessible to the public, and for other 
 purposes, as the governors, with the like 
 sanction or approval, may determine or direct. 
 
 \\% All sums of stock, securities for money, 
 and other property vested in or held by the 
 College, or any person or persons in trust for the 
 custody or preservation of the said pictures or 
 works of art, or for any object or purpose con- 
 nected therewith, or so much thereof as shall not 
 have been already vested in the said governors 
 by virtue of tlie provisions hereinbefore con- 
 tained, shall be transferred to the governors 
 hereby established, or to any four persons of 
 their number to be appointed by them for that 
 purpose, or as to such stock to the official 
 trustees of charitable funds, and shall be 
 placed by the governors to a separate account, 
 to be called " The Picture Gallery Endowment 
 " Account," and the same stock, securities, and 
 premises, and the dividends and income arising 
 therefrom, shall be applicable primarily to the 
 purposes of placing, preserving, and guarding 
 the said pictures and works of art ; but such 
 purposes may include the erection, providing, 
 appropriation, and fitting of any additional 
 gallery which may be erected or provided in 
 pursuance of the foregoing provision, and of 
 keeping the same in repair. In case the services 
 of the present ciirator and doorkeeper of the 
 Picture Gallery, or of either of them, shall be 
 dispensed with by the governors, a suitable 
 yearly allowance or pension shall be assigned 
 
THE DVLWICH COLLEGE ACT, 1857. 
 
 S" 
 
 to tliem respectively durin" their respective 
 lives, in consideration of their past services, 
 such respective allowances or pensions to be 
 paid by the {Governors half-yearly out of the 
 income of the Picture Gallery Endowment. 
 
 113. The annual surplus income (if any) 
 arising from the said Picture Gallery Endow- 
 ment shall be applied by the governors in or 
 towards providing instruction in drawing or 
 designing for the boys at the two schools con- 
 stituted by this scheme, and until so applied 
 shall be accumulated and invested as part of the 
 surplus income of the said educational branch of 
 the Charity. 
 
 114. The sum of £666. 13s. 4d., £3 per cent, 
 reduced bank annuities, bequeathed by John 
 Whitfield, Esquire, by his will dated the 24th of 
 April 1826, to the Master and Warden of the 
 said College and their successors, upon trust to 
 lay out the interest thereof annually in bread 
 and potatoes, or other necessaries, and distri- 
 bute the same in the months of December, 
 January, and February in each year unto and 
 among such twenty poor widows in the hamlet 
 of Dulwich as the said Master and Warden 
 should in their discretion consider most to 
 stand in need of such assistance, and in pro- 
 portion to the number of their respective 
 families and wants, together with all accretions 
 or additions (if any) to such bequest, shall be 
 transferred to the official trustees of charitable 
 funds, in trust for John Whitfield's Charity, 
 Dulwich ; and the chairman for the time being 
 of the governors and the Master and the chap- 
 lain for the time being of AUeyn's College of 
 God's Gift at Dulwich as hereby constituted, 
 shall be the trustees for the management and 
 distribution of the said last-mentioned Charity, 
 and the income thereof shall be paid over from 
 time to time to such trustees, or any one or 
 more of them, in order that the same may be 
 applied and distributed by them, or the majority 
 
 of them, in accordance with the trusts declared 
 by the said will, 
 
 115. The rents, dividends, and income arising 
 from the estates and other property constituting 
 the endowment of the school founded by James 
 Allen, by indenture dated on or about the 31st 
 of August 1741, for the benefit of the children of 
 poor persons resident in the town of Dulwich, or 
 within one mile thereof, and all accumulations 
 of income and other funds belonging to the said 
 endowment, shall be placed by the governors to 
 a separate account, to be called the " Dulwich 
 " Girls' School Account." The chairman for the 
 time being of the governors and the Master and 
 the chaplain for the time being of the said 
 College, shall be the trustees for the administra- 
 tion of the said last-mentioned school, which 
 shall be established and carried on as a school 
 for the instruction of girls being the children of 
 poor persons resident in the hamlet of Dulwich 
 and its immediate vicinity, subject to such 
 regulations as may be prescribed by the said 
 trustees, or the majority of them, with the 
 sanction of the said Board of Charity Commis- 
 sioners for England and Wales ; and the organist 
 of the College shall instruct in vocal music and 
 choral singing such girls in the said school as 
 the trustees may select ; and the rents and 
 income arising from the said endowment shaU. 
 be paid over to the said trustees in trust for the 
 purposes of the same school, and the governors 
 of the said College shall be at liberty to appro- 
 priate in perpetuity a suitable piece of land out 
 of the College estate as a site for school buildings 
 for the said last-mentioned school, and any 
 accumulations which have been already made, 
 or may hereafter be made, out of the rents or 
 income of the said endowment, may be applied 
 by the said trustees in or towards erecting and 
 fitting up suitable buildings for the purposes of 
 the said school. 
 
51 = 
 
 HISTORY OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 Approved hy Her Majesty in Council, IStfi August 1882.] 
 No. 302. 
 
 Cown^y— SUEEEY. 
 
 Hamlet— D^JIMIGK. 
 
 , CALLEYN'S COLLEGE OF GOD'S GIFT. 
 Endowments Jdul-v^tich COLLEGE PICTUEE GALLEEY. 
 
 CHARITY COMMISSION. 
 
 In the Matter of tlie Fonndation known as 
 Alletn's College op God's Gift at Dul- 
 ■wiCH, in tlie County of Surrey, originally 
 estaUislied on or about the 1.3tli day of 
 September 1619, by Edwabd Allbtn, in 
 pursuance of a Charter or Letters Patent of 
 King James the First, dated the 21st day of 
 June 1619, and recently managed under an 
 Act of Parliament, 20 & 21 victoria, cap. 
 84, and of all the Endowments thereof ; 
 
 AND 
 
 In the Matter of the Foundation known as the 
 DuLwioH College Pictuee Qalleey, 
 originally established by the several Wills 
 of Sir Peter Francis Bourgeois and 
 Margaret Desenfans, and of all the 
 Endowments thereof ; 
 
 AND 
 
 In the Matter of the Endowed Schools Act, 18C9, 
 and Amending Acts. 
 
 Scheme for the Administratio'n of the ahove-named 
 Foundations and Endowments. 
 
 1. The above-named Alleyn's College of God's 
 Gift and the endowments thereof, hereinafter 
 called the College of God's Gift, shall, subject as 
 herein provided, be henceforth administered by 
 the governing bodies herein called the estates 
 governors and the College governors respectively, 
 according to the functions hereby assigned to 
 them respectively, and in accordance with the 
 provisions of this scheme, and, subject to the 
 provision made or to be made for ecclesiastical 
 uses under this scheme, for the following pur- 
 poses, that is to say, — 
 
 (o.) To supply practical, liberal, and religious 
 education for boys and girls by means of 
 schools and otherwise in the hamlet of 
 Dulwich and elsewhere in the parish of 
 
 St. Giles Oamberwell, and in or near the 
 parishes of St. Saviour Southwark, St. 
 Botolph without Bishopsgate, St. Luke 
 Middlesex, and elsewhere in or near 
 London ; 
 (h.) To provide for the relief of poor people. 
 And the above-named Picture Gallery and the 
 endowments thereof shall be henceforth adminis- 
 tered by the College governing body hereinafter 
 constituted, in accordance with the provisions of 
 this scheme, under the name of Dulwich College 
 Picture Gallery, for the purpose of promoting 
 fine art education in England, and particularly 
 in Dulwich and other parts of London south of 
 the Thames. 
 
 2. Except as herein provided, the adminis- 
 tration and management of the estates and 
 jjroperty of the College of God's Gift shall 
 remain vested in the governing body created by 
 the scheme established by the above-mentioned 
 Act of Parliament, 20 & 21 Vict. c. 84, which 
 scheme is hereinafter referred to as the Dulwich 
 College Act Scheme, and which governing body, 
 in that scheme called " The Governors of Alleyn's 
 " College at Dulwich," and consisting of eight 
 elective governors and eleven non-elective 
 governors, shall henceforth, except where other- 
 wise herein referred to, be called the estates 
 governors. The vestries of the parishes of St. 
 Botolph witho^■lt Bishopsgate, St. Saviour South- 
 wark, St. Luke Middlesex, and St. Giles 
 CamberweU, shall each continue to elect two 
 of the eight elective governors respectively, and 
 of the eleven non-elective governors three shall 
 be residents in the hamlet of Dulwich or else- 
 where in the parish of St. Giles CamberweU, or 
 adjoining parishes, and shall be appointed by 
 the Charity Commissioners for England and 
 Wales, and eight shall be appointed by the 
 College governing body hereinafter constituted. 
 
 Every appointment of an estates governor 
 shall be made as often as there may be occasion 
 
SCHEME OF THE CHARITY COMMISSION, 1882. 
 
 513 
 
 by the ho<i.j entitled to appoint, at a meeting 
 thereof which shall be convened, held, and con- 
 ducted as nearly as may be in conformity with 
 the ordinary rules or practice of such body, or 
 in the case of appointments by the Charity Com- 
 missioners, at any meeting of their Board. 
 Every estates governor, except as hereinafter 
 jirovided, shall be appointed to office for the 
 term of seven years reckoned from the date of 
 the appointment. The elective governors in 
 office at the date of this scheme shall, subject as 
 herein provided, be estates governors under this 
 scheme for the remainder of the terms for which 
 they were respectively elected to act as elective 
 governors, but shall in other respects be counted 
 as estates governors elected by the said vestries 
 respectively under this scheme. The other first 
 estates governors shall be appointed as soon as 
 conveniently may be after the date of this 
 scheme. The chairman or other presiding 
 officer of each meeting at which the appoint- 
 ment of any estates governors or governor shall 
 be made, or in the case of appointments by 
 the Charity Commissioners, such Commissioners 
 shall forthwith cause the names or name of 
 the persons or person so appointed to be 
 notified, in the case of the first such appoint- 
 ment to the person hitherto acting as chairman 
 of the governors of the College of God's Gift, or 
 in case of necessity to such other person as the 
 Charity Commissioners shall appoint for the 
 purpose, and in the case of every subsequent 
 appointment to the chairman of the estates 
 governors or their clerk or other acting officer. 
 Any appointment of an estates governor by a 
 body entitled to appoint not made as aforesaid 
 within three calendar months from the date of 
 this scheme, or of the notice hereinafter pre- 
 scribed of the occurrence of a vacancy, as the 
 case may be, shall for that turn be made by the 
 then existing estates governors. 
 
 3. The upper school of the College of God's 
 Gift shall, except where otherwise herein 
 expressed, be named Dulwich College, and is 
 what is meant by the term Dulwich College as 
 used in this scheme. The lower school of the 
 College of God's Gift shall, except where other- 
 wise herein expressed, be named Alleyn's School. 
 For the administration of the schools of the 
 College of God's Gift, and for the other educa- 
 tional purposes of this scheme, except as herein 
 provided, and for the administration of the 
 chapel endowment hereinafter mentioned, and 
 of Dulwich College Picture Gallery, there shall 
 be a separate governing body, called the College 
 Governing Body, hereinafter referred to as the 
 College governors, which, when completely 
 formed and full, shall, subject as herein pro- 
 vided, consist of nineteen persons, of whom 
 eleven shall be called nominated College 
 VOL. I. 
 
 governors, and eight shall be called cooptative 
 College governors. 
 
 4. The nominated College governors shall be 
 competent persons duly qualified td' discharge 
 the duties of the office, and shall be appointed 
 bj"- the following persons and electing bodies 
 respectively in the following proportions ; that 
 is to say, — 
 
 One by the Lord Archbishop of Canterbury ; 
 
 One by the Lord High Chancellor of Great 
 Britain ; 
 
 One by the Hebdomadal Council of the Uni- 
 versity of Oxford ; 
 
 One by the Council of the Senate of the 
 University of Cambridge ; 
 
 One by the Senate of the University of London ; 
 
 One by the President and Council of the Koyal 
 Society ; 
 
 One by the President of the Eoyal Academy ; 
 
 One by the Head Master and Assistant Masters 
 of Dulwich College and the Head Master 
 of Alleyn's School ; and 
 
 Three, being residents in the hamlet of Dulwich 
 or elsewhere in the parish of St. Giles 
 Camberwell, or adjoining parishes, by the 
 Charity Commissioners. 
 
 The appointments by the head masters and 
 assistant masters shall be made by means of 
 elections to be conducted according to regulations 
 to be settled in the first instance by the present 
 governors of the College of God's Gift, and after- 
 wards from time to time by the College governors, 
 subject in every case to the approval of the 
 Charity Commissioners. Every other appoint- 
 ment shall be made as often as there may be 
 occasion by the person or body entitled to appoint, 
 and where by an electing body, at a meeting 
 thereof which shall be convened, held, and con- 
 ducted as nearly as may be in conformity with 
 the ordinary rules or practice of such body, or 
 failing such rules or practice, then in conformity 
 with regulations to be made or approved by the 
 Charity Commissioners, or in the case of appoint- 
 ments by the Charity Commissioners, at any 
 meeting of their Board. Every nominated College 
 governor shall be appointed to office for the term 
 of five years reckoned from the date of the 
 appointment. The first nominated College 
 governors shall be appointed as sotm as conveni- 
 ently may be after the date of this scheme. Each 
 person appointing, or the chairman or other 
 presiding oflficer of each meeting at which the 
 appointment of any nominated College governor 
 shall be made, or in the case of appointments by 
 the Charity Commissioners, such Commissioners, 
 shall forthwith cause the name or names of the 
 person or persons so appointed to be notified, in 
 the case of the first such appointment to the 
 person hitherto acting as chairman of the gover- 
 nors of the College of God's Gift, or in case of 
 
 3t 
 
514 
 
 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 necessity to such other person as the Charity 
 Commissioners shall appoint for the purpose, and 
 in the case of every subsequent appointment to 
 the chairman of the College governors or their 
 clerk or other acting officer. In the case of each 
 first appointment of a nominated College governor 
 by any person or body other than the Charity 
 Commissioners, the name of the person so ap- 
 pointed shall in like manner be notified also to 
 the Charity Commissioners. Any appointment 
 of a first nominated College governor not made 
 as aforesaid within three calendar months from 
 the date of this scheme, shall be made by the 
 Charity Commissioners. Any appointment of a 
 nominated College governor to be made on the 
 occurrence of a vacancy and not made by the 
 proper appointing or electing person or body 
 within three calendar months from the date of 
 the notice hereinafter prescribed of the occurrence 
 of such vacancy, shall for that turn be made by 
 the then existing College governors. 
 
 5. The first coBptative College governors, 
 instead of being eight persons appointed by the 
 College governors as hereinafter mentioned, shall 
 be so many of the non-elective governors in ofiRce 
 at the date of this scheme as are willing to accept 
 the ofllce of cobptative College governor, and, if 
 they are less than eight in number, of so many 
 other persons appointed as hereinafter mentioned, 
 as will with them make up the number of eiglit 
 cobptative College governors. The first cobpta- 
 tive College governors other than those, if any, 
 appointed as hereinafter mentioned, shall be 
 appointed to office, subject as herein provided, 
 for the term of their respective lives, and their 
 appointment shall take effect from the date of 
 this scheme. 
 
 The cobptative College governors shall be com- 
 petent persons duly qualified to discharge the 
 duties of the office, and, except as aforesaid, shall 
 be appointed in every case by the general body 
 of College governors at a special meeting, by a 
 resolution to be forthwith notified by them with 
 all proper information to the Charity Com- 
 missioners at their office in London ; but no such 
 appointment shaU be valid until it has been 
 approved by the said Commissioners, and their 
 approval certified under their official seal. Every 
 cobptative College governor, except as aforesaid, 
 shall be appointed to office for the term of seven 
 years reckoned from the date of the approval. 
 
 6. Any estates governor or College governor 
 who during his term of office shall become bank- 
 rupt or incapacitated to act, or express in writing 
 to the estates governors or the College governors, 
 as the case may require, his wish "to resign, or 
 omit_ for the space of one year to attend any 
 meeting, or in the case of a governor appointed 
 by the Charity Commissioners, shall cease to be 
 a resident in the hamlet of Dulwioh or elsewhere 
 
 in the parish of St. Giles Camberwell or adjoin- 
 ing parishes, shall thereupon forthwith vacate 
 his office ; and the estates governors or College 
 governors, as the case may be, shall cause an 
 entry to be made in their minute book of every 
 vacancy occasioned by any of the said causes, or 
 by death or expiration of term of office ; and as 
 soon as conveniently may be after the occurrence 
 of any vacancy a new estates governor or College 
 governor, as the case may be, shall be appointed 
 by the person or body entitled as aforesaid to 
 make such appointment, but so that, except at 
 first as herein provided, the number of cobptative 
 College governors shall never be more than eight. 
 Any estates governor or College governor may be 
 re-appointed. Notice of the occurrence of every 
 vacancy of the office of estates governor or College 
 governor shall be given, as soon as conveniently 
 may be, by or under the direction of the estates 
 governors or College governors, as the case may 
 be, to the proper appointing or electing person or 
 body, or the clerk, if any, or other acting officer 
 of such body. 
 
 7. Eeligious opinions, or attendance or non- 
 attendance at any particular form of religious 
 worship, shall not in any way aflFect the qualifica- 
 tion of any person for being a member of any 
 governing body under this scheme. 
 
 8. No head master or assistant master or 
 teacher of any school endowed or to be endowed 
 under this scheme, or any scheme to be made 
 under it as herein mentioned, shall be a member 
 of any governing body under this scheme. 
 
 9. Every estates governor and every College 
 governor shall, at or before the first meeting 
 which he attends upon his first or any subsequent 
 entry into office, sign a memorandum declaring 
 his acceptance of the office and his willingness to 
 act in the trusts of this scheme. And until he 
 has signed such a memorandum he shall not be 
 entitled to discharge the functions of the office. 
 Every estates governor and every College governor 
 shall from time to time certify his address to the 
 estates governors or College governors, as the case 
 may be, to which address alfnotices shall be sent. 
 
 10. The estates governors shall hold meetings 
 in some convenient place in Dulwich, or else- 
 where, as often as may be found necessary or 
 desirable, and at least twice in each year, on and 
 at convenient days and times to be appointed by 
 such governors, and to be notified to each estates 
 governor by the clerk, if any, or by some other 
 person acting nnder the direction of the estates 
 governors, at least seven days before every meet- 
 ing. 
 
 11. A preliminary meeting of the estates gover- 
 nors for the arrangement of the conduct of the 
 business shall be held upon the summons of the 
 person hitherto acting as chairman of the governors 
 of the College of God's Gift, or in case of necessity 
 
SCHEME OF THE CHARITY COMMISSION, 1882. 
 
 515 
 
 of such other person as the Charity Commissioners 
 shall appoint for the purpose, upon some day to 
 be fixed by him, being within one calendar month 
 after the meeting hereinafter mentioned as the 
 last general meeting of the estates governors as 
 hitherto constituted. 
 
 12. The estates governors shall, at the said pre- 
 liminary _ meeting, and afterwards at their first 
 meeting in each year, elect one of their number 
 to be chairman of their meetings for the current 
 year, and they shall also make regulations for 
 supplying his place in case of his death, resigna- 
 tion, or alssence during his term of office. The 
 chairman shall always be re-eligible. 
 
 13. At meetings of estates governors a quorum 
 shall be constituted when five such governors are 
 present at a meeting, and all matters and questions, 
 except as herein provided, shall be determined 
 by the majority of the estates governors present 
 at a duly constituted meeting ; and in case of 
 equality of votes the chairman shall have a second 
 or casting vote. Any resolution of the estates 
 governors may be rescinded or varied at a special 
 meeting held after not less than seven days' 
 notice. 
 
 14. The chairman, or any two estates governors, 
 may at any time summon a special meeting for 
 any cause that seems to him or them sufficient. 
 All special meetings shall be convened by or 
 under the direction of the person or persons 
 summoning the meeting, by notice in writing 
 specifying the object of the meeting, and delivered 
 or sent by post to each estates governor at least 
 seven days previously, except in cases of emer- 
 gency, when two days' notice shall be sufficient. 
 And it shall be the duty of the clerk, if any, to 
 give such notice when required by the chairman 
 or by any two estates governors. 
 
 15. If a sufficient number of estates governors 
 to form a quorum are not present at any meeting, 
 or if the business at any meeting is not fuUy 
 completed, those present, or if no such governor 
 is present, the clerk or other acting officer of such 
 governors may adjourn the meeting to a subse- 
 quent day and time, at an interval of not less 
 than seven days, of which day and time notice 
 shall be given in manner aforesaid to each estates 
 governor. 
 
 16. A minute book and proper books of account 
 shall be provided by the estates governors, and 
 kept in some convenient and secure place of 
 deposit to be provided or appointed by them for 
 that purpose, and minutes of the entry into office 
 of every new estates governor, and of all pro- 
 ceedings of the estates governors, shall be entered 
 in such minute book. 
 
 17. The estates governors shall cause fuU 
 accounts to be kept of their receipts and ex- 
 penditure ; and such accounts shall be stated for 
 each year, and examined and passed by the estates 
 
 governors at a meeting to be held in the first 
 quarter of the ensuing year, unless some other 
 meeting shall be appointed for the purpose with 
 the approval of the Charity Commissioners. 
 Every such account shall be signed by the chair- 
 man and two other estates governors present at 
 the meeting at which it shall be passed. The 
 accouQts of receipts and expenditure of the estates 
 governors shall, before they are so examined and 
 passed, be audited in each year by a professional 
 auditor to be appointed and paid by the estates 
 governors. 
 
 The estates governors shall cause sufficient 
 abstracts of their accounts to be published 
 annually for general information. Such abstracts 
 shall be in the form for that purpose given in the 
 fourth schedule hereto, so far as the same applies 
 to such abstracts, unless some other form is pre- 
 scribed by the Charity Commissioners, in which 
 case the form so prescribed shall be followed. 
 
 18. The estates governors may from time to 
 time make such arrangements as they may find 
 most fitting for the custody of all deeds and 
 other documents belonging to their several trusts, 
 for deposit of money, for the drawing of cheques, 
 and also for the appointment of a clerk or of any 
 necessary agents or other proper officers for their 
 assistance in the conduct of the business of their 
 trusts at such reasonable salaries or scale of 
 remuneration as shall be approved by the Charity 
 Commissioners, but no estates governor acting as 
 such clerk, agent, or officer shall be entitled to 
 any salary or remuneration. If any such clerk, 
 agent, or officer is appointed to act for two or 
 more such trusts, the estates governors shall 
 apportion his salary, if any, at their discretion 
 among the trusts for which he is appointed to 
 act. 
 
 19. The last nine foregoing clauses of this 
 scheme relating to matters of business, and the 
 conduct thereof, shall, except so far as the same 
 require the accounts to be audited by a pro- 
 fessional auditor, apply to the College governors 
 and their business as if in such clauses the terms 
 College governors and College governor were 
 substituted for estates governors and estates 
 governor respectively. 
 
 20. From and after the day after the meeting 
 hereinafter mentioned as the last general meeting 
 of the estates governors as hitherto constituted, 
 such of the lands and hereditaments belonging 
 to the above-named foundations respectively as 
 are described in the second and third schedules 
 hereto shall vest in the official trustee of charity 
 lands and his successors, in trust for the estates 
 governors and College governors respectively, 
 according as the same are to be administered by 
 the estates governors or the College governors 
 under the provisions of this scheme. 
 
 21. From and after the dav after the meeting 
 
Si6 
 
 HISTORY OF DULWICII COLLEGE. 
 
 hereinafter mentioned as tlie last general meeting 
 of the estates governors as hitherto constituted, 
 all stock in the public funds and other securities 
 belonging to the above-named foundations respec- 
 tively, and not hereby required or directed to be 
 otherwise applied or disposed of, shall be trans- 
 ferred to the official trustees of charitable funds 
 ia trust for the estates governors and College 
 governors respectively, according as the same are 
 to be administered by the estates governors or 
 the College governors under the provisions of 
 this scheme. 
 
 22. Except so far as relates to the lands and 
 hereditaments described in the second and third 
 schedules hereto, and except as herein provided 
 as to the constitution of the body ot estates 
 governors or otherwise, section 7 of the Dulwich 
 College Act Scheme, which section is set out in 
 the First Schedule hereto, shall, so far as relates 
 to any real estate coming within the operation of 
 such section, and remaining, as herein provided, 
 under the administration of the estates gover- 
 nors, remain in force. Any subsisting leases and 
 charges of or on such last-mentioned real estate 
 are hereby continued and confirmed. 
 
 23. Except as herein provided as to the con- 
 stitution o± the body of estates governors, and 
 excejjt so far as relates to the land.s and heredita- 
 ments described in the Second and Third Sched- 
 viles hereto, section 8 of the Dulwich College Act 
 Scheme, which section is set out in the first 
 schedule hereto, shall, so far as relates to any 
 estate or matter remaining as heroin provided 
 imder the administration of the estates governors, 
 remain in force. 
 
 24. Subject to the provisions herein contained, 
 all the estates and property of each of the above- 
 named foundations not required to be retained or 
 occupied for the purposes thereof shall be let or 
 otherwise managed by the governing body there- 
 of, or by the officers of such governing body act- 
 ing under their orders, according to the general 
 law applicable to the management of jjroperty by 
 trustees of charitable foundations. 
 
 25. AH capital sums to be raised under the 
 provisions of this scheme shall be raised, subject 
 to the sanction of the Charity Commissioners, by 
 sale or mortgage or otherwise by means of any 
 part of the property of the College of God's Gift, 
 and such part shall become discharged hereby 
 for that purpose only from any charge hereby 
 created. 
 
 26. Any money arising from the sale of timber 
 or from any mines or minerals on the estates of 
 the_ College of God's Gift, shall be treated as 
 capital, and shall be invested in the name of the 
 official trustees of charitable funds, under the 
 direction of the Charity Commissioners, in trust 
 for the estates governors, except iu any special 
 cases in which the estates governors may be 
 
 authorized by such Commissioners to deal other- 
 wise with such money, or any part thereof. 
 
 27. Except as herein provided, the above- 
 named foundations, and the estates and property 
 thereof, shall continue to be administered and 
 managed by the present governing body as nearly 
 as possible in conformity with the provisions of 
 this scheme until the day after the first general 
 meeting thereof to be held after the Midsummer 
 Day or the Christmas Day next following the 
 date of this scheme, whichever shall first happen. 
 At such general meeting the accounts of the said 
 foimdations, and all accounts of the clerk and 
 receiver and other agents of such governing body, 
 shall be examined, vouched, audited, and signed 
 as provided by the Dulwich College Act Scheme. 
 From and after the day after such general meet- 
 ing, herein referred to as the last general meeting 
 of the estates governors as hitherto constituted, 
 the said foundations, and the estates and property 
 thereof, shall be administered and managed by 
 the estates governors and College governors re- 
 spectively, conformably with the provisions of 
 this scheme ; and the present governing body, so 
 far as relates to matters by this scheme placed 
 under the administration of the College governors, 
 shall become vpm facto removed and (discharged 
 from their office, and shall cause all deeds, 
 minute and account books, and other papers and 
 documents, and all cash balances, furniture and 
 fittings, and library books, and the portraits and 
 other pictures bequeathed to the College of God's 
 Gift by the Founder and by "William Cartwright 
 respectively, and all other personal effects belong- 
 ing or exclusively relating to the schools of the 
 College of God's Gift and the chapel endowment 
 respectively, and the collection of pictures and 
 works of art and other personal effects belonging 
 to Dulwich College Picture Gallery, excepting in 
 each case any stocks or securities herein required 
 to be transferred to the official trustees of charit- 
 able funds, to be delivered or transferred to the 
 College governors, or as such governors, or as in 
 case of doubt or difficulty the Charity Commis- 
 sioners, shall direct, and the same shall be vested 
 in the College governors, or in accordance with 
 any such directions as the case may be. From 
 and after the day after the last general meeting of 
 the estates governors as hitherto constituted, the 
 year for all purposes of administration under this 
 scheme shall be computed from the date up to 
 which the accounts were made up for the Uien 
 immediately preceding half-yearly audit. Such 
 year is hereinafter referred to as the administra- 
 tive year. 
 
 28. From the day afler the last general meeting 
 of the estates governors as hitherto constituted, 
 the members of each governing body for the time 
 being, if a quorum is constituted, may act as such 
 goveDiing body for all the purposes of this 
 
SCHEME OF THE CHARITY COMMISSION, 1882. 
 
 517 
 
 scheme, althoiigli bucIi governing body as herein 
 constituted is not full. 
 
 29. The iipxier school of the College of God's 
 Gift, except tis in this clause provided, shall be 
 carried on as nearly as may be as heretofore by 
 the present governing body until the day after 
 the last general meeting of the estates governors 
 as hitherto constituted, and afterwards may be 
 further so carried on by the College governors, out 
 of the income hereby made applicable to Dulwicli 
 College, until the end of the school term, if any, 
 current at that date, or until such other time as 
 may, with the approval of the Charity Commis- 
 sioners, be iixed by the College governors. After 
 the date of this scheme no boy shall be appointed 
 a foundation scholar in Dulwich College under 
 the Dulwich College Act Scheme. 
 
 30. The lower school of the College of God's 
 Gift, except as in this clause provided, shall be 
 carried ou as nearly as may be as heretofore by 
 the present governing body until the day after 
 the last general meeting of the est-ates governors 
 as hitherto constituted, and afterwards may be 
 further so carried on by the College governors, 
 out of the income hereby made applicable to 
 Alleyn's school, until the end of the school term, 
 if any, current at that date, or until such other 
 time as may, with the approval of the Charity 
 Commissioners, be fixed by the College gover- 
 
 jiors. After the date of this scheme no boy shall 
 be appointed a foundation scholar in Alleyn's 
 School under the Dulwich College Act Scheme. 
 Until the opening of the school buildings to be 
 provided by the College governors on the new site 
 to be appropriated to the purposes of Alleyn's 
 School as hereinafter mentioned, and hereinafter 
 referred to as the new buildings for Alleyn's 
 School, all boys admitted to thi? school between 
 the date of this scheme and the 31st day of De- 
 cember 1880, shall pay such tuition fees, and all 
 boys afterwards admitted to this school shall pay 
 such entrance and tuition fees as may be sanctioned 
 by the Charity Commissioners. 
 
 31. Tliis scheme shall not affect such interest as 
 any person may have in any pension or compen- 
 sation allowance payable out of the income of the 
 endowment of the College of God's Gift to which 
 he was entitled on the 25th day of June 1868. 
 
 32. The Reverend Alfred James Carver, D.D-, 
 having elected, upon an option accorded to him, 
 to retire from the office of Master of the College 
 upon a pension of £1200 a year, shall, from and 
 after the date in that behalf in this clause speci- 
 fied, cease to hold such office, and thereupon the 
 said pension shall become payable out of the in- 
 come of the endowment of the College of God's 
 Gift to the said Alfred James Carver during his 
 life in equal half-yearly instalments, of which the 
 first shall become due at the expiration of six 
 calendar months from the date of his ceasing as 
 
 aforesaid to hold office. The date at which he 
 shall cease as aforesaid to hold office shall be either 
 the day on which the first head master of Dulwich 
 College to be appointed under this scheme, as 
 hereinafter mentioned, enters into office, or the 
 last day of the first three calendar months after 
 the last general meeting of the estates governors 
 as hitherto constituted, whichever day shall first 
 happen. 
 
 33. The clerk, organist, and all other officers 
 hitherto employed by the governors of the above- 
 named foundations shall continue to perform the 
 same duties on the same terms as heretofore, un- 
 less or until other arrangements are made by the 
 governing body or governing bodies for the time 
 being administering the said foundations and the 
 endowments thereof respectively under the pro- 
 visions of this scheme. The salaries of all such 
 officers shall be apportioned and charged upon the 
 several trusts on account of which such officers 
 I'cspectively shall be from time to time employed. 
 
 34. The Reverend James M'Call Marshall, 
 M.A., under master of the upper school of the 
 College of God's Gift, shall hold the same office, 
 rank, and title as hitherto, and shall be liable to 
 dismissal only by the present governing body, so 
 long as they continue to carry on the same school, 
 and afterwards by the College governors, in the 
 same manner as he has hitherto been liable to 
 dismissal. During his tenure of office he shall 
 have a house assigned to him free of charge for 
 rent, rates, taxes, or repairs, or, if at any time the 
 College governors so decide, a fixed payment in 
 lieu thereof, to be settled in case the parties differ 
 by the Charity Commissioners. During his term 
 of office he shall also receive out of the general in- 
 come of Dulwich College a fixed annual stipend 
 of £250, and a half-yearly payment of 10s. for 
 each boy in Dulwich College above the number of 
 50 boys up to 250 boys in all, and out of so much of 
 the general income of Dulwich College as consists 
 of one-fourth pai-t of the tuition fees for the year 
 such a further payment as with such fixed annual 
 stipend of £250, and such half-yearly payments 
 of 10s. as aforesaid, will mate up a sum of £962. 
 10s. in the whole for the year, unless the College 
 governors, with his consent, and upon the recom- 
 mendation of the head master, decide upon some 
 other terms, in which case he shall receive pay- 
 ment accordingly. After he has ceased to hold 
 the office of under master such office shall be 
 abolished. 
 
 35. The several assistant masters, teachers, 
 professors, lecturers, and instructors appointed to 
 their present offices in the upper school of the 
 College of God's Gift before the 25th day of June 
 1868, shall respectively retain their said offices, 
 without further appointment, during the pleasure 
 of the present governing body as long as such 
 governing body continue to carry on the same 
 
Si8 
 
 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. 
 
 school, and afterwards during the pleasure of the 
 College governors. 
 
 36. Any payment, or exemption from payment, 
 scholarship, exhibition, or other benefit to which 
 any boy, who was on the 31st day of December 
 1880 on the foundation of the College of God's 
 Gift, is legally entitled thereunder, shall be con- 
 tinued to him, except that in the case of any such 
 boy in AUeyn's School, in place of such benefit as 
 aforesaid, any benefit approved by the Charity 
 Commissioners aa being of equal value may be 
 provided for him in a manner not inconsistent 
 with the provisions of the Endowed Schools Act, 
 1869, and Amending Acts, hereinafter referred to 
 as the Endowed Schools Acts. 
 
 All other boys in either school of the College 
 of God's Gift admitted thereto before the 1st day 
 of January 1881, shall be allowed to remain in 
 the same school on the same terms as if this 
 scheme had not been made. So much as the 
 Charity Commissioners may approve of the differ- 
 ence between the fees thus payable by any such 
 boy as last aforesaid in Dulwich College and the 
 fees which would otherwise be payable by such 
 boy, shall in each year be paid by the estates 
 governors to the College governors, to be treated 
 as income applicable for the purposes of Dulwich 
 College, in addition to the annual payment to be 
 made for those purposes as hereinafter mentioned. 
 
 Ap^mtwrmient of Endowment and Application of 
 Income of College of God!s Gift. 
 
 37. As soon as may be after the date of the last 
 general meeting of the estates governors as 
 hitherto constituted, a suitable and sufficient new 
 site for Alleyn's School shall be appropriated to 
 the purposes of such school out of the lands and 
 hereditaments at Dulwich belonging to the 
 College of God's Gift, other than those described 
 in the Second and Third Schedules hereto. Such 
 Bite shall be within easy access of Camberwell, and 
 shall be fixed and the boundaries thereof shall be 
 determined by an order of the Charity Commis- 
 sioners, to be made on the application of the College 
 governors, of which application reasonable notice 
 shall be given by the College governors to the 
 estates governors. Such site shall be vested in the 
 official trustee of charity lands and his successors, 
 in trust for the College governors. 
 
 38. As soon as may be after the date of the 
 last general meeting of the estates governors as 
 hitherto constituted, and the establishment of a 
 scheme for the girls' school of the foundation of 
 James Allen at Dulwich, hereinafter called James 
 Allen's Girls' School, under the Endowed Schools 
 Acts, a suitable and sufficient site for such school 
 shall be appropriated to the purposes of such 
 school out of the lands and hereditaments at 
 Dulwich belonging to the College of God's Gift, 
 
 other than those described in the second and 
 third schedules hereto. Such site shall be within 
 easy access of Camberwell, and shall be fixed and 
 the boundaries thereof shall be determined by an 
 order of the Charity Commissioners to be made 
 on the application of the governing body of 
 James Allen's Girls' School as constituted under 
 the said scheme for that school, of which applica- 
 tion reasonable notice shall be given by such 
 governing body to the estates governors. Such 
 site shall be vested in the official trustee of 
 charity lands and his successors, in trust for the 
 governing body of James Allen's Girls' School. 
 
 39. As soon as may be after the date of the 
 last general meeting of the estates governors as 
 hitherto constituted, the estates governors shall 
 set apart the following capital sums, to be raised, 
 if necessary, in the manner hereinbefore provided, 
 and to be applied as hereinafter mentioned ; that 
 is to say : — 
 
 (1.) Such capital sum in Government stock or 
 cash, or partly in the one and partly in 
 the other, as shall then represent the 
 accumulations of income belonging to the 
 eleemosynary branch of the College of 
 God's Gift under the Dulwich College 
 Act Scheme, siich sum to be invested in 
 the name of the official trustees of charit- 
 able funds, iu trust for the eleemosynary 
 branch of the College of God's Gift, and- 
 to be carried by the estates governors to 
 the credit of the eleemosynary branch ; 
 
 (2.) A capital sum, the precise amount of which 
 shall be determined by the Charity Com- 
 missioners, but which shall not exceed the 
 sum of £4000, to be paid to the College 
 governors for the purposes of Dulwich 
 College, and to be carried by them to a 
 separate account, to be called the Dulwich 
 College Account ; 
 
 (3.) A capital sum of £12,000, to be paid to 
 the College governors for the purposes of 
 Alleyn's School, and to be carried by them 
 to a separate account, to be called AUeyn's 
 School Account ; 
 
 (4.) A capital sum of £6000, to be paid to the 
 governing body of James Allen's Girls' 
 School constituted as aforesaid, and to be 
 by them applied for the purposes of the 
 said scheme for that school. 
 
 40. The estates governors shall employ the 
 annual income of the endowment of the College 
 of God's Gift under their administration, remain- 
 ing after setting apart the capital sums under the 
 last foregoing clause, as follows, and in the 
 following order of priority : — 
 
 Firstly, they shall pay the interest on loans, 
 if any, existing at the date of this scheme, 
 or raised by them under the provisions of 
 this scheme, and pay or provide for any 
 
SCHEME OF THE CHARITY COMMISSION, 1882. 
 
 519 
 
 yearly or other instalments or any accum- 
 ulation or sinking fund on account of 
 such loans which the circumstances may 
 require ; 
 
 Secondly, they shall defray the expenses of 
 management of the pro^ierty of the College 
 of God's Gift under their administration ; 
 
 Tliirdly, they shall pay what may be due to 
 any person in respect of any pension or 
 compensation allowance hereby saved ; 
 
 Fourthly, they shall pay the pension or annual 
 sum hereby made payable to the said 
 Alfred James Carver ; 
 
 Fiftlily, they shall carry to a sejparate account, 
 to be called the Eleemosynary Branch 
 Account, the annual sum of £1700, in 
 trust for the eleemosynary branch of the 
 College of God's Gift ; 
 
 Sixthly, they shall pay to the College governors 
 for the purposes of the chapel endowment 
 the annual sum of £500, to be carried by 
 them to a separate account to be called the 
 Chapel Account, and to be treated as 
 income ; 
 
 Seventhly, they shall pay to the College 
 governors for the purposes of Dulwich 
 College the annual sum of £4000, to be 
 carried by them to the credit of the 
 Dulwich College account, and to be treated 
 as income ; 
 
 Eighthly, they shall, from and after the open- 
 ing of the new buildings for Alleyn'a 
 School, pay to the College governors for 
 the purposes of such school the annual 
 sum of £1000, to be carried by them to 
 the credit of Alleyn's School account, and 
 to be treated as income ; 
 
 Ninthly, they shall, until the opening of the 
 new buildings for Alleyn's School, pay in 
 each year such sum as shall be requisite 
 for the liquidation of any deficit incurred 
 in the maintenance of such school for that 
 year ; 
 
 Tenthly, they shall pay to the ColleM gover- 
 nors for the purposes of Dulwich College 
 Picture Gallery the annual sum of £300, 
 to be carried by them to the credit of the 
 Dulwich College Picture Gallery account, 
 and to be treated as income ; 
 
 Eleventhly, they shall, from and after the 
 opening of new buildings for James 
 Allen's Girls' School on the site to be 
 appropriated to the purposes of such 
 school under this scheme as aforesaid, pay 
 to the governing body of such school 
 constituted as aforesaid the annual sura 
 of £500, to be by them applied for the 
 purposes of that school ; 
 
 Twelfthly, subject as hereinafter provided, they 
 shall carry to separate accounts, to bo 
 
 applied as hereinafter provided, the annual 
 sum of £500 for the educational benefit of 
 the parish of St. Saviour Southwark, the 
 annual sum of £500 for the educational 
 benefit of the parish of St. Botolph With- 
 out Bishopsgate, and the annual sum of 
 £500 for the educational benefit of the 
 parish of St. Luke Middlesex. 
 Lastly, they shall, during the first ten adminis- 
 trative years after the date of this scheme, 
 or during such lesser time as the Charity 
 Commissioners shall direct, accumulate 
 the residue of the income of the endow- 
 ment of the College of God's Gift, under 
 their administration, by investment of the 
 same and of the resulting income thereof 
 in the name of the ofiicial trustees of 
 charitable funds, in trust for the estates 
 governors. 
 Each of the several above-mentioned annual 
 sums to be paid to the CoUege governors and the 
 aforesaid governing body of James Allen's Girls' 
 School respectively shall be payable in half-yearly 
 instalments, of which, except as herein provided, 
 the first shall become due at the expiration of six 
 calendar months from the commencement of the 
 first administrative year, but of the annual sums 
 to be paid to the College governors and carried 
 to the credit of Alleyn's School account, and the 
 annual sums to be paid to the aforesaid governing 
 body of James Allen's Girls' School respectively, 
 the first, in the case of each school, shall become 
 due at the expiration of six calendar months 
 from the opening of new buildings for such 
 school as above mentioned. 
 
 41. Each of the said three annual sums of 
 £500, £500, and £500, to be applied for the 
 educational benefit of the three parishes last 
 aforesaid, shall, until the establishment of a 
 further scheme, as hereinafter mentioned, for the 
 application of the same sum, be in the first 
 instance applied by the estates governors, so far 
 as may be necessary, and as nearly as can be 
 calculated, in providing in manner aforesaid for 
 the benefits hereinbefore reserved to boys ap- 
 pointed from such three parishes who were on 
 the 31st day of December 1880 on the foundation 
 of the College of God's Gift, either in the lower 
 school or as exhibitioners from such school, the 
 cost of providing such benefits to be charged 
 rateably upon the said annual sums respectively 
 assigned as aforesaid for the educational benefit 
 of the parishes from which such boys were 
 appointed. Subject as aforesaid, each of such 
 three annual sums shall, until the establishment 
 of a further scheme, as hereinafter mentioned, 
 for the application of the same sum, be applied 
 by the estates governors, if they think fit, in the 
 advancement of the education of boys and girls 
 in a manner not inconsistent with the provisions 
 
520 
 
 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. 
 
 of the Endowed Schools Acts by means of 
 exhibitions tenable at schools higher than ele- 
 mentary in or within easy access of the parish 
 for the educational benefit of which such sum is 
 assigned as aforesaid, and so far as not so applied 
 shall be invested in the name of the official 
 trustees of charitable funds, in trust for the 
 purposes of such further scheme. The exhibi- 
 tions, if any, under this clause shall be given as 
 the reward of merit, and, subject as aforesaid, 
 shall be awarded and held under such regulations 
 and conditions as the estates governors think fit. 
 
 42. At the expiration of the said first ten 
 administrative years, or such lesser time as afore- 
 said, the estates governors shall set apart, to be 
 applied in accordance with schemes to be made 
 for the purpose under the Endowed Schools Acts, 
 the following capital sums out of the then 
 accumulated income of the endowment of the 
 College of God's Gift under the administration of 
 the estates governors, so far as the same shall be 
 sufficient, and so far as the same may be insufiicient 
 to be raised in the manner hereinbefore provided ; 
 that is to .say : — 
 
 (1.) For the purposes of St. Saviours Grammar 
 School in Southwark, or of some other 
 middle school or schools for the parish of 
 St. Saviour Southwark, a capital sum of 
 £15,000. 
 
 (2.) For the purposes of a middle school or 
 middle schools for the parishes of St. 
 Botolph Without Bishopsgate, and St. 
 Luke Middlesex, a capital sum of 
 £50,000. 
 
 43. From and after the expiration of the said 
 first ten administrative years, or such lesser time 
 as aforesaid, the said three annual sums of £500, 
 £500, and £500 last hereinbefore mentioned 
 shall be applied, in accordance with schemes to 
 be made for the purpose under the Endowed 
 Schools Acts, in manner following ; that is to 
 say : — One such annual sum of £500 shall be so 
 applied for the purposes of the school or schools 
 for the parish of St. Saviour Southwark, to be 
 endowed under the last foregoing clause, and the 
 remaining two such annual sums of £500 and 
 £500, making together the annual sum of £1000, 
 shall be so applied for the purposes of the school 
 or schools for the parishes of St. Botolph With- 
 out Bishopsgate, and St. Luke Middlesex, to be 
 endowed under the last foregoing clause. 
 
 44. Any of the said three annual sums of 
 £500, £500, and £500 last hereinbefore men- 
 tioned may, under an order of the Charity Com- 
 missioners, he commuted for such a capital sum 
 as they shall approve, to be raised in the manner 
 hereinbefore provided, and thenceforth this 
 scheme shall be read as if any consequent modi- 
 fications had been made in it. 
 
 45. From and after the expiration of the said 
 
 first ten administrative years, or such lesser time 
 as aforesaid, the estates governors shall, subject 
 to the provisions of any schemes to be made 
 under the Endowed Schools Acts, make a further 
 distribution of income of the College of God's 
 Gift in manner following ; that is to say : — For 
 the purposes of Alleyn's School, for the purposes 
 of James Allen's Gills' School after the establish- 
 ment of a scheme for such school under the 
 Endowed Schools Acts, for the purposes of St. 
 Saviour's Grammar School in Southwark or such 
 other middle school or scliools for the parish of 
 St. Saviour Southwark as may be endowed under 
 this scheme as aforesaid, and for the purposes of 
 such middle school or middle schools for the 
 parishes of St. Botolph Without Bishopsgate and 
 St. Luke Middlesex as may be endowed under 
 this scheme as aforesaid, a sum by way of capita- 
 tion money, at an uniform rate of not more than 
 £2 a year for every scholar in average annual 
 attendance at each of such schools : Provided 
 that the simi payable by way of capitation money 
 under this clause in any year for scholars in 
 attendance at Alleyn's School shall not exceed 
 £500 ; for scholars in attendance at James Allen's 
 Girls' School shall not exceed £500 ; for scholars 
 in attendance at St. Saviour's Grammar School in 
 Southwark or at such other middle school or 
 schools for the parish of St. Saviour Southwark 
 as may be endowed under this scheme as aforesaid 
 shall not exceed £500 ; for scholars in attendance 
 at snch middle school or middle schools for the 
 parislies of St. Botolph Without Bishopsgate and 
 St. Luke Middlesex as may be endowed under 
 this scheme as aforesaid shall not exceed £1000. 
 _ 46. After providing for such further distribu- 
 tion of income as hereinbefore prescribed, the 
 estates governors shall pay the capital sum of 
 £4000, to be raised, if necessary, in the manner 
 hereinbefore provided, to the College governors, 
 to be applied by them in the erection of a suit- 
 able building for a School of Fine Art as herein- 
 after provided. 
 
 47. Any further surplus income of the endow- 
 ment of the College of God's Gift under the ad- 
 ministration of the estates governors shall be 
 invested in the name of the official trustees of 
 charitable funds, in trust for the estates gover- 
 nors, and shall be applicable in the first place to 
 the establishment and maintenance in London, 
 south of the Thames, of a college or school of the 
 highest class for girls. For this purpose the 
 estates governors shall, when and so soon as the 
 occasion shall arise, apply to the Charity Commis- 
 sioners for a supplementary scheme, to be made 
 under the Endowed Schools Acts. 
 
 48. The College governors shall also, if and 
 when funds become available for the purpose, 
 provide for the better protection of the Picture 
 Gallery from fire, by isolation, removal, or other- 
 
SCHEME OF THE CHARITY COMMISSION, 1882. 
 
 521 
 
 •n'ise, in siich manner as may be sanctioned by 
 the Charity Commissioners, and for this purpose 
 the estates governors shall pay to the College 
 governors such further sums, to be raised, ^if 
 necessary, in the manner hereinbefore provided, 
 as in the opinion of the Charity Commissioners 
 may be reasonable and proper. 
 
 49. If at any time after provision has been 
 made for all the requirements hereinbefore ex- 
 pressed, there shall be surplus income of the en- 
 dowment of the College of God's Gift under the 
 administration of the estates governors, for the 
 application of which further directions shall be 
 necessary, the estates governors shall apply to the 
 Charity Commissioners for a supplementary 
 scheme, to be made under the Endowed Schools 
 Acts, for the application of such surplus income, 
 and in framing any scheme for that purpose the 
 Charity Commissioners shall have regard to the 
 educational purposes of this scheme hereby 
 placed under the administration of the College 
 governors, and to the claims of the four parishes 
 of St. Giles Camberwell, St. Saviour Southwark, 
 St. Botolph Without Bishopsgate, and St. Luke 
 Middlesex. 
 
 The Eleemosynary Endowment. 
 
 50. The eleemosynary branch and its endow- 
 ment shall be administered by the estates gover- 
 nors. Subject to the provisions hereinafter con- 
 tained, this endowment shall consist of the alms- 
 houses of the College of God's Gift, and other 
 buildings described in the second schedule hereto, 
 with their respective sites and appurtenances, 
 and of the above-mentioned capital sum repre- 
 senting accumulations of income belonging to the 
 eleemosynary branch of the College of God's Gift, 
 under the Dulwich College Act Scheme, together 
 with the cash balance, if any, belonging to such 
 eleemosynary branch, and of the said annual 
 sum of £1700 hereby directed to be carried to 
 a separate account in trust for the eleemosynary 
 branch. The said almshouses, buildings, and 
 premises shall be maintained and adminis- 
 tered by the estate governors, and the in- 
 come of the eleemosynary endowment shall be 
 applied by them to such maintenance, and other- 
 wise for the benefit of poor persons, according to 
 the trusts of the eleemosynary branch of the 
 GoUege of God's Gift in force at the date of this 
 scheme, subject nevertheless to the provisions 
 hereinafter contained. 
 
 51. The right of appointing the almspeople 
 shall be vested in the vestries of the several 
 parishes hitherto entitled to submit names of 
 candidates, so that on the occurrence of any 
 vacancy, the vestry which would have been en- 
 titled to submit names shall be entitled to make 
 an absolute appointment : Provided that, in lieu 
 of the preference heretofore reserved in favour of 
 
 VOL. I. 
 
 persons resident in the township or hamlet of 
 Dulwich, every alternate person appointed by 
 the vestry of the parish of St. Giles CamberweU 
 shall be a person who has been for at least one 
 year immediately before the appointment resi- 
 dent in the said township or hamlet. 
 
 52. The estates governors may at any time, 
 with the consent of tlie vestry of any one of the 
 four parishes from among the residents in which 
 parishes almspeople are to be chosen and appointed, 
 and with the sanction of the Charity Commis- 
 sioners, make a regulation that any annual sum 
 not exceeding one equal fourth part of the income 
 of the eleemosynaiy endowment shall thenceforth 
 be applicable to the provision of exhibitions ten- 
 able by children attending or having attended 
 public elementary schools of such parish upon 
 terms to be settled by such regidation, due re- 
 gard being had in the case of the parish of St. 
 Giles Camberwell to the educational interests 
 of persons resident in the township or hamlet of 
 Dutmch ; and from and after the making of any 
 such regulation the annual sum applicable out 
 of the income of the College of God's Gift for 
 eleemosynary purposes shall be reduced by an 
 anioim.t equal to the annual sum so made appli- 
 cable to the provision of such exhibitions, pro- 
 vided that such regulation shall not in any case 
 be inconsistent with anything contained in the 
 Endowed Schools Acts, or aflect any of the said 
 four parishes of which the vestry shall not have 
 consented thereto. 
 
 53. From and after the opening of the new 
 buildings for Alleyn's School, the almshouses ad- 
 joining to the Dulwich College Picture Gallery 
 shall cease to be used as almshouses, and shall be 
 vacated accordingly, and the estates governors 
 shall, subject to the sanction of the Charity Com- 
 nussioners, adapt to the purposes of almshouses 
 the buildings now used for the lower school of 
 the College of God's Gift, or any part of such 
 buildings, except any part thereby otherwise 
 appropriated, and apply the same in substitution 
 for the almshouses in this clause aforesaid ; and 
 for this purpose a capital sum may be raised, if 
 necessary, in the manner hereinbefore provided. 
 The management of the almshouses so vacated as 
 aforesaid shall pass to the College governors, and 
 such almshouses with their sites and appurten- 
 ances shall thenceforth be part of the endowment 
 of Dulwich College Picture Gallery, and be held 
 by the official trustee of charity lands and his 
 successor."?, in trust for the College governors 
 accordingly. 
 
 Tlie Ghapel Endowment. 
 
 54. The chapel endowment shall be adminis- 
 tered by the College governors. It shall consist 
 of the chapel of the College of God's Gift, with 
 the fittings and furniture thereof, and of the 
 
 3u 
 
522 
 
 HISTOR Y OF DUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 chaplain's house with the garden appropriated 
 thereto, and their respective sites and appurten- 
 ances, described on Part I. of the Third Schedule 
 hereto, or other property to be substituted for the 
 same, and of the cash balance, if any, belonging 
 to the chapel, and the said annual sum of £500 
 to be paid to the College governors and carried 
 by them to the chapel account, as hereinbefore 
 provided, and of all other property hereafter to 
 become part of the chapel endowment under this 
 scheme or otherwise. 
 
 55. In order to promote the immediate or early 
 formation of a new ecclesiastical district for or to 
 include the township or hamlet of Dulwich, the 
 estates governors may, on receiving a requisition 
 in writing to that effect from the College gover- 
 nors, sanctioned by the Charity Commissioners, 
 grant out of the property of the College of God's 
 Gift a site for a new church or parsonage, or both, 
 and if such new church is erected may, with the 
 sanction of and upon terms approved by the 
 Charity Commissioners, expend upon or sub- 
 .scribe towards the building of the same or of a 
 parsonage house, or of both, a capital sum not 
 exceeding the sum of £2500, to be raised, if 
 necessary, in the manner hereinbefore provided. 
 
 56. The Venerable Samuel Cheetham, D.D., 
 the present chaplain, shall continue in office as 
 the first chaplain under this scheme until the 
 formation of a new ecclesiastical district for or 
 to include the township or hamlet of Dulwich, 
 and afterwards, if such formation occurs during 
 his tenure of office, on the same conditions as to 
 tenure, duties, and emoluments as are prescribed 
 in the next following clause. After such a new 
 ecclesiastical district is formed, and the said 
 Samuel Cheetham, or any other person holding 
 the office of chaplain at the time of such formation, 
 ceases to hold office, no new appointment of a 
 chaplain shall be made under this scheme, except 
 as hereinafter provided, and the said annual sum 
 of £500 to be paid to the College governors, and 
 carried by them to the chapel account, shall 
 thenceforth either be paid to the incumbent of 
 such ecclesiastical district, or be applied in the 
 payment of a chaplain or for the maintenance of 
 divine service in the chapel, or in part be paid 
 to such incumbent, and as to the remainder be 
 applied in the payment of a chaplain, or for the 
 maintenance of divine service in the chapel, but 
 any such payment or application shall be in 
 accordance with directions to be given by the 
 Charity Commissioners, and the College gover- 
 nors shall apply to them for such directions 
 accordingly. 
 
 57. Until the formation of a new ecclesiastical 
 district for or to include the township or hamlet 
 of Dulwich, and after such formation until the 
 said Samuel Cheetham or any other person hold- 
 ing the office of chaplain at the time of such for- 
 
 mation ceases to hold office, the present chapel 
 and the chapel endowment shall be managed as 
 follows ; that is to say : — 
 
 (a.) There shall be one chaplain, who shall he a 
 duly qualified person in priest's orders of 
 the Established Church. On the occur- 
 rence of a vacancy a chaplain shall be 
 appointed by the College governors. The 
 College governors may remove the chaplain 
 for neglect of duty or other sufficient 
 cause. 
 
 (6.) The chaplain shall perform divine service 
 in the chapel of the College of God's Gift 
 on Sundays, and on such other days and 
 at such time as the College governors shall 
 from time to time direct, and he shall 
 discharge such spiritual duties for the 
 benefit of the almspeople of the said 
 foundation as the estates governors with 
 the assent of the College governors shall 
 authorize and direct, and also, so far as 
 may be lawful and convenient, all such 
 spiritual duties for the benefit of the town- 
 ship or hamlet of Dulwich and the in- 
 habitants thereof, as the chaplain has 
 hitherto been bound to perform. 
 
 (c.) The house hitherto occupied by the chap- 
 lain shall continue to be appropriated to 
 his use free of rent, and the College gover- 
 nors shall provide for repairs of the same, 
 and for payment of the rates and taxes 
 thereon out of the annual sum to be carried 
 by them to the creditof the chapel account as 
 aforesaid. Thechaplainshallreside in such 
 house, and shall have the occupation and 
 use thereof in respect of his official charac- 
 ter and duties, and not as tenant, and shall, 
 if removed from his office, thereupon de- 
 liver up possession of such house to the 
 College governors, or as they direct. 
 
 (A) The College governors shall pay to the 
 chaplain out of the annual sum of £500 
 to be carried by them to the credit of the 
 chapel account as aforesaid, by equal half- 
 yearly payments, a clear annual stipend not 
 exceeding £350 and not less than £300. 
 
 (e.) The College governors may apply the resi- 
 due of the said annual sum of £500 in or 
 towards the payment of the present or any 
 future organist for the chapel, or otherwise 
 in the maintenance of the chapel and the 
 services thereof. They shall in each year 
 carry any unapplied surplus of such annual 
 sum to the credit of the chapel account. 
 
 (/.) The present chapel of the Ctollege of God'a 
 Gift shall continue to be appropriated and 
 used as a place of divine worship as here- 
 tofore. The College governors may, if they 
 think fit, declare any number of the sit- 
 tings to be free, or may require of any 
 
SCHEME OF THE CHARITY COMMISSION, i! 
 
 523 
 
 persons frequenting the chapel, not being 
 masters or scholars of any of the schools of 
 the College of God's Gift, the payment of 
 any reasonable sums by way of pew rent, 
 to be applied towards the expenses of the 
 chapel and the maintenance of the services 
 thereof : Provided that no such payment 
 shall be required in respect of any pew or 
 sitting in the chapel, which shall have 
 been annexed or appropriated to any house 
 in the township or hamlet of Dulwich 
 under any agreement or resolution of the 
 governing body for the time being of the 
 College of God's Gift, during the continu- 
 ance of the term or period for which such 
 pew or sitting shall have been so annexed 
 or appropriated. 
 
 The Schools and their Management. 
 
 58. The two present schools of the College of 
 God's Gift, hereinbefore named respectively, that 
 is to say, Dulwich College and Alleyn's School, 
 shall be maintained under this scheme. Alleyn's 
 School shall, subject as herein provided, be a day 
 school only. 
 
 59. Dulwich College and the endowment 
 thereof shall be administered by the College 
 governors in accordance with the provisions of 
 this scheme. Dulwich College shall be main- 
 tained in the buildings known as the New 
 College, and the gardens, cricket iield, and play- 
 grounds appropriated thereto, which buildings 
 and lands are described in Part II. of the Third 
 Schedule thereto, with their respective appurten- 
 ances. The endowment of Dulwich College shall 
 consist of the same buildings and premises, with 
 the fittings and furniture thereof, and the said 
 capital sum not exceeding £4000, to be paid to 
 the College governors, and carried by them to 
 the Dulwich College account as hereinbefore 
 provided ; and the cash balance, if any, belonging 
 to the upper school of the College of God's Gift, 
 and the said annual sum of £4000, to be paid to 
 the College governors and carried by them to 
 the Dulwich College account, as hereinbefore 
 provided, and of all other property hereafter to 
 become part of the same endowment under this 
 scheme or otherwise. 
 
 60. The College governors shall, as soon as 
 conveniently may be, complete the fencing of 
 Dulwich College and the grounds thereof, and 
 provide a gymnasium and fives courts, and such 
 other suitable buildings in the said grounds for 
 the use of the scholars of Dulwich College as 
 they may think fit, and for such purposes they 
 may apply the said capital sum not exceeding 
 £4000 to be paid to the College governors and 
 carried by them to the Dulwich College account 
 as aforesaid ; but for all the purposes of this 
 
 clause they shall act subject to the consent and 
 approval of the Charity Commissioners. 
 
 61 . Alleyn's School and the endowment thereof 
 shall be administered by the College governors 
 in accordance with the provisions of this scheme. 
 
 62. As soon as conveniently may be the College 
 governors, by erecting buildings upon the site to 
 be appropriated to the purposes of the Alleyn's 
 School as aforesaid, shall provide proper school 
 buildings suitable for not less than 400 day 
 scholars, and planned with a view to convenient 
 extension, and may apply for the purpose the 
 whole or any part of the said capital sum of 
 £12,000 to be paid to them by the estates 
 governors ; but for all the purposes of this clause 
 the College governors shall act subject to the 
 consent and approval of the Charity Commis- 
 sioners. 
 
 63. The endowment of Alleyn's School shall 
 consist of the site and buildings referred to in 
 the last foregoing clause, and the said capital 
 sum of £12,000 or so much thereof as shall 
 remain unexpended after providing the same 
 buildings, and the cash balance, if any, belonging 
 to the lower school of the College of God's Gift, 
 and the said annual sum of £1000 to be paid to 
 the College governors and carried by them to 
 Alleyn's School account, as hereinbefore provided, 
 and of all other property hereafter to become 
 jDart of the same endowment under this scheme 
 or otherwise. 
 
 64. No person shall be disqualified for being a 
 head master or assistant master or teacher in 
 either of the schools by reason only of his not 
 being, or not intending to be, in holy orders. 
 
 65. The parent or guardian of, or person liable 
 to maintain or having the actual custody of, any 
 scholar attending either of the schools as a day 
 scholar, may claim by notice in writing addressed 
 to the head master the exemption of such scholar 
 from attending prayer or religious worship, or 
 from any lesson or series of lessons on a religious 
 subject, and such scholar shall be exempted 
 accordingly, and a scholar shall not, by reason of 
 any exemption from attending prayer or religiovis 
 worship, or from any lesson or series of lessons 
 on a religious subject, be deprived of any advan- 
 tage or emolument in either of the schools or out 
 of the endowment of either of the above-named 
 foundations, to which he would otherwise have 
 been entitled. 
 
 If the parent or guardian of, or person liable 
 to maintain or having the actual custody of, any 
 scholar who is about to attend Dulwich College, 
 and who but for this clause could only be admitted 
 as a boarder, desires the exemption of such scholar 
 from attendimg prayer or religious worship, or 
 from any lesson or series of lessons on a religious 
 subject, but the persons in charge of the boarding 
 houses of Dulwich College are not willing to 
 
524 
 
 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. 
 
 allow sucli exemption, tlien it shall be the duty 
 of the College governors to make proper pro- 
 visions for enabling the scholar to attend Dulwich 
 College and have such exemption as a day scholar, 
 without being deprived of any advantage or 
 emolument to which he would otherwise have 
 been entitled. So long as, for the purpose of 
 continuing any benefits hereinbefore reserved to 
 boys in AUeyn's School, who were on the 31st 
 day of December 1880 on the foundation of the 
 College of God's Gift, such boys are allowed to 
 be received in Alleyn's School as boarders, a like 
 provision shall be applicable to AUeyn's School 
 in respect of such boys. 
 
 If any teacher, in the course of other lessons 
 at which any scholar exempted under this clause 
 is in accordance with the ordinary rules of either 
 of the schools present, shall teach systematically 
 and persistently any particular religious doctrine, 
 from the teaching of which any exemption has 
 been claimed, as in this clause before provided, 
 the College governors shall, on complaint made 
 in writing to them by the parent, guardian, or 
 person liable to maintain or having the actual 
 custody of such scholar, hear the complainant, 
 and inquire into the circumstances, and if the 
 complaint is judged to be reasonable, make all 
 proper provisions for remedying the matter com- 
 plained of. 
 
 66. Subject to the provisions herein contained, 
 the College governors and the head master of 
 each of the schools shall, within their respective 
 departments as herein defined, make proper pro- 
 visions for religious instruction in such school. 
 No alteration in any regulations made by the 
 College governors respecting the religious in- 
 struction given in either of the schools shall take 
 effect until the expiration of not less than one 
 year after notice of the making of the alteration 
 shall have been given by the College governors 
 in such manner as they shall think best calculated 
 to bring the matter within the knowledge of 
 persons interested in such school. 
 
 Dulvnclh College. 
 
 67. There shall be a head master of Dulwich 
 College, who shall be called the Master of 
 Dulwich College. He shall be a graduate of 
 some University in the United Kingdom. The 
 Master shall be appointed by the College gover- 
 nors at some meeting to be called for that 
 purpose, in the case of the first appointment, not 
 less than two nor more than three calendar 
 months after the date of the last general meeting 
 of the estates governors as hitherto constituted, 
 and in the case of subsequent appointments, as 
 soon as conveniently may be after the occurrence 
 of a vacancy, or after notice of an intended 
 vacancy. In order to obtain the best candidates, 
 
 the College governors shall, for a sufficient time 
 before making any appointment, give public 
 notice of the vacancy, and invite applicants for 
 the oflice by advertisements in newspapers, and 
 by such other methods as they may judge best 
 calculated to secure the object. 
 
 68. The College governors may dismiss the 
 Master without assigning cause, after six calendar 
 months' written notice, given to him in pursuance 
 of a resolution passed at two consecutive meetings 
 held at an interval of at least fourteen days, and 
 convened for the purpose of considering the 
 question, such resolution being aflirmed at each 
 meeting by not less than two- thirds of the College 
 governors present. 
 
 The College governors for what in their opinion 
 is urgent cause may by resolution passed at a 
 special meeting convened for the purpose of con- 
 sidering the question, and afiirmed by not less 
 than two-thirds of the whole number of College 
 governors for the time being, declare that the 
 Master ought to be dismissed from his office 
 without the aforesaid notice, and in that case 
 they may appoint another special meeting to be 
 held not less than a week after the former one, 
 and may then by a similar resolution, affirmed 
 by as large a proportion of College governors, 
 absolutely and finally dismiss him. And if the 
 College governors assembled at the first of such 
 meetings think fit at once to suspend the Master 
 from his oflice until the next meeting, they may 
 do so by resolution affirmed by as large a pro- 
 portion of College governors. Pull notice and 
 opportunity of defence at both meetings shall be 
 given to the Master. 
 
 69. The Master, previously to entering into 
 office, shall be required to sign a declaration, to 
 be entered in the minute book of the governors, 
 to the following effect : — 
 
 " I, , declare that I wiU 
 
 " always to the best of my ability dis- 
 " charge the duties of Master of Dulwich 
 " College during my tenure of the office, 
 " and that if I am removed by the College 
 " governors, I will acquiesce in such re- 
 " moval, and will thereupon relinquish 
 " all claim to the mastership and its 
 " future emoluments, and deliver up to 
 " College governors or as they direct, 
 " possession of aU the property of Dulwich 
 " College then in my possession or occu-pa- 
 " tion." 
 
 70. The Master shall dwell in the residence 
 assigned for him. He shall have the occupation 
 and use of such residence and of anj' other 
 property of Dulwich College of which he becomes 
 the occupant as such Master, in respect of his 
 official character and duties, and not as tenant, 
 and shall, if removed from his office, deliver up 
 possession of such residence and other property 
 
SCHEME OF THE CHARITY COMMISSION, 1882. 
 
 525 
 
 to tlie College governors, or as tliey direct. He 
 shall not, except witli the permissioa of the 
 College governors, permit any person not being 
 a member of his family to occupy such residence 
 or any part thereof. 
 
 71. The Master shall give his personal attention 
 to the duties of Dulwich College, and during his 
 tenure of office he shall not hold any benefice 
 having the cure of souls, or undertake any office 
 or employment which, in the opinion of the 
 College governors, may interfere with the proper 
 performance of his duties as master. 
 
 72. Neither the Master nor any assistant master 
 or other teacher shall receive or demand from 
 any boy in Dulwich College, or from any person 
 whomsoever on behalf of any such boy, any 
 gratuity, fee, or payment, except such as are 
 authorized by or under this scheme. 
 
 73. Within the limits fixed by this scheme, 
 the College governors shall prescribe the general 
 subjects of instruction, the relative prominence 
 and value to be assigned to each group of subjects, 
 the arrangements respecting the school terms, 
 vacations, and holidays, the payments of day 
 scholars, and the number and payments of 
 boarders. They shall take general supervision 
 of the sanitary condition of tlie Dulwich College 
 buildings and arrangements. They shall deter- 
 mine what number of assistant masters or other 
 teachers shall be employed. They shall every 
 year assign the amount which they think proper 
 to be contributed out of the income applicable to 
 Dulwich College under this scheme for the pur- 
 pose of maintaining assistant masters or other 
 teachers, and providing and maintaining a proper 
 school plant or apparatus, and otherwise further- 
 ing the current objects and the efficiency of 
 Dulwich College. 
 
 74. Before making any regulations under the 
 last foregoing; clause, the College governors shall 
 consult the Master in such a manner as to give 
 him full opportunity for the expression of his 
 views. The Master may also from time to time 
 submit proposals to the College governors for 
 making or altering regulations concerning any 
 matter within their province. The College 
 governors shall fully consider any such expression 
 of views or proposals, and shall decide upon them. 
 
 75. Subject to the rviles prescribed by or under 
 the authority of this scheme, the Master shall 
 have under his control the choice of books, the 
 method of teaching, the arrangement of classes 
 and school hours, and generally the whole 
 internal organization, management, and discipline 
 of Dulwich College, including the power of ex- 
 pelling boys therefrom, or suspending them from 
 attendance thereat, for any adequate cause to be 
 judged of by him, but upon expelling or suspend- 
 "ing any boy shall forthwith report the ease to 
 the College governors. 
 
 76. The Master shall have the sole power of 
 appointing, and (subject to the provisions herein- 
 before contained as to the present under master, 
 and as to the several assistant masters, teachers, 
 professors, lecturers, and instructors appointed to 
 their present offices in the upper school of the 
 College of God's Gift before the 25th day of 
 June 1868) may at pleasure dismiss all assistant 
 masters or other teachers in Dulwich College, 
 and shall determine, subject to the approval of 
 the College governors, in what proportions the 
 sum assigned by the College governors for the 
 maintenance of assistant masters or other teachers, 
 or the other current objects of Dulwich College, 
 shall be divided among the various persons and 
 objects for which it is assigned in the aggregate. 
 And the College governors shall pay the same 
 accordingly either through the hands of the 
 Master or directly as they think best. 
 
 77. The Master shall receive a fixed annual 
 stipend of £200. He shall also be entitled to 
 receive for each boy attending Dulwich College 
 a further or capitation payment, at the rate of £4 
 a year for each boy up to the number of 200 boys, 
 at the rate of £3 a year for each boy above that 
 number up to the number of 400 boys in all, and 
 at the rate of £2 a year for each boy beyond the 
 number of 400 boys. The amount of this further 
 or capitation payment shall be ascertained and 
 paid to the Master by the College governors, 
 together with the proper proportion of his fixed 
 stipend quarterly or terminally as the College 
 governors think fit. 
 
 78. The College governors may make such 
 regulations and arrangements as they may think 
 right for the reception of boarders, either in the 
 house of any assistant master, or of any person in 
 whose house boarders were allowed on the 31st 
 day of December 1878, being the date of publica- 
 tion of this scheme, or in a hostel or hostels con- 
 ducted imder the management of the College 
 governors, or, if they think fit, in all or any of 
 those ways ; provided that the total number of 
 boarders shall not, unless with the express 
 sanction of the Charity Commissioners (which 
 sanction they may at any time withdraw on 
 giving reasonable notice to the College governors) 
 exceed 100. 
 
 79. All boys, including boarders, except as 
 herein provided, shall pay entrance and tuition 
 fees, to be fixed from time to time by the College 
 governors, such entrance fees being not more 
 than £3 for any boy, and such tuition fees being 
 at the rate of not less than £20 nor more than 
 £30 a year for any boy. No difference in respect 
 of entrance or tuition fees shall be made between 
 any scholars on account of place of birth or resi- 
 dence, or of their being or not being boarders. 
 Tlie payments to be required from boarders, 
 exclusive of the tuition fees, shall not exceed the 
 
526 
 
 HISTORY OFDULWICH COLLEGE. 
 
 annual rate of £50 in a hostel, or £70 in any 
 assistant master's house, for any boy. No extra 
 or additional payment of any kind shall be 
 allowed without the sanction of the College 
 governors and the written consent of the parent, 
 or person occupying the place of parent, of the 
 scholar concerned. 
 
 80. All payments for entrance and tuition fees 
 shall be made in advance to the Master, or to 
 such other person as the College governors shall 
 from time to time determine, and shall he 
 accounted for by the person receiving them to 
 the College governors, and treated by them, sub- 
 ject as herein provided, as part of the general 
 income of Dulwich College. 
 
 81. No boy shall be admitted into Dulwich 
 College under the age of ten years. No boy shall 
 remain in Dulwich College after the age of nine- 
 teen years, or if he attains that age during a school 
 term, then after the end of such term, except with 
 the permission of the College governors, which in 
 special cases may be given upon the recommenda- 
 tion of the Master. 
 
 82. Subject to the provisions established by or 
 under the authority of this scheme, Dulwich 
 College and all its advantages shall be open to 
 all boys of good character and sufficient health 
 who are residing with their parents, guardians, 
 or near relations within degrees to be determined 
 by the College governors, or in some boarding- 
 house conducted under regulations made by the 
 College governors. No boy not so residing shall 
 be admitted to Dulwich College without the 
 special permission of the College governors. 
 
 83. Applications for admission to Dulwich 
 College shall be made to the Master, or to some 
 other person appointed by the College governors, 
 according to a form to be approved of by them, 
 and delivered to all applicants. 
 
 84. The Master or some other person appointed 
 by the College governors shall keep a register of 
 applications for admission, showing the date of 
 every application, and of the admission, with- 
 drawal, or rejection of the candidate, and the 
 cause of any rejection and the age of each candi- 
 date. 
 
 85. Every candidate for admission shall be 
 examined by or under the direction of the 
 Master, who shall appoint convenient times for 
 that purpose, and give reasonable notice to the 
 parents or next friends of the boy to be so 
 examined. No boy shall be admitted to Dulwich 
 College except after undergoing such examina- 
 tion and being found fit for admission. Those 
 who are so found fit shall, if there is room for 
 them, be admitted in order according to the dates 
 of their application. If there is not room for 
 all candidates, boys belonging to the parishes 
 of St. Giles Camberwell, St. Saviour South- 
 wark, St. Botolph Without Bishopsgate, and St. 
 
 Luke Middlesex, shall be preferred ; and as 
 between boys belonging to the parish of St. 
 Giles Camberwell, children of resident inhabit- 
 ants of the township or hamlet of Dulwich shall, 
 in cases of equal merit, be preferred. 
 
 86. The examination for admission shall be 
 graduated according to the age of the boy, and 
 shall be regulated in other particulars from time 
 to time by or under the direction of the College 
 governors, but it shall never for any boy fall 
 below the following standard ; that is to say : — 
 
 Beading ; 
 
 Writing from dictation ; 
 
 Sums in the first four simple rules of Arith- 
 metic, with the Multiplication Table ; 
 
 Outlines of the Geography and History of 
 England ; 
 
 The Translation and Parsing of simple Latin 
 sentences. 
 
 87. Besides religious instruction as herein- 
 before provided, instruction shall also be given 
 in Dulwich College in the following subjects : — 
 
 The English, Latin, and Greek Languages and 
 Literatures ; 
 
 Arithmetic and Mathematics ; 
 
 History and Geography ; 
 
 Natural Science ; 
 
 French and German ; 
 
 Drawing, Vocal Music, and Drill. 
 
 The governors, after consultation with the 
 Master, may establish a department or depart- 
 ments for special instruction in surveying, 
 engineering, or other subjects not enumerated 
 above. Subject to the above provisions, the 
 course of instruction shall proceed according to 
 the classification and arrangements made by the 
 Master. 
 
 88. There shall be once in every year an 
 examination of the scholars by an examiner or 
 examiners appointed or approved for that pur- 
 pose by the College governors, but otherwise 
 unconnected with Dulwich College. The day of 
 examination shall be fixed by the College gover- 
 nors after consulting with the Master. The 
 examiner or examiners shall report in writing 
 to the College governors on the proficiency of 
 the scholars, and on the condition of Dulwich 
 College as regards instruction and discipline, as 
 shown by the result of the examination. The 
 College governors shall send a copy of the report 
 to the Master and to the Charity Commissioners. 
 
 89. The Master shall make a report in writing 
 to the College governors annually at such time 
 as they shall direct on the general condition and 
 progress of Dulwich College, and on any special 
 occurrences during the j'ear. He may also 
 mention the names of any boys who, in his judg- 
 ment, are worthy of reward or distinction, having 
 regard both to proficiency and conduct. 
 
 90. The College governors may award prizes of 
 
SCHEME OF THE CHARITY COMMISSION, 1882. 
 
 527 
 
 books or other suitable rewards as marks of dis- 
 tinctioa to any boys mentioned as worthy of 
 reward or distinction, by the Master or by the 
 examiner or examiners. 
 
 91. The College governors shall apply the 
 annual sura of £1000, or as near that sum as, in 
 their opinion, the income of Dulwich College 
 will allow, in maintaining scholarships tenable 
 at Dulwich College, each of an annual value not 
 greater than the highest tuition fee fixed for boys 
 in Dulwich CoUege at the time of the award of 
 such scholarship. These scholarships shall be 
 awarded^ in such manner as to encourage pro- 
 ficiency in the several subjects, special as well as 
 ordinary, that may be taught in Dulwich College. 
 They shall be granted for such periods and, sub- 
 ject to the provisions of this scheme, on such 
 conditions as the College governors think fit. 
 Boys to whom such scholarships shall be 
 awarded shall be called Foundation Scholars. 
 These scholarships shall be awarded on the 
 result of any such examination as the College 
 governors think fit, but no such scholarship 
 shall be granted to any boy already attending 
 Dulwich College, unless the Master shall report 
 that he is deserving of it by reason of his charac- 
 ter and good conduct, and no such scholarship 
 shall be granted for which there shall be no 
 candidate who on examination shall be adjudged 
 worthy to take it. The establishment of these 
 scholarships may take place by degrees according 
 to the discretion of the College governors, so long 
 as there are any boys in Dulwich College who 
 were admitted into the upper school of the 
 College of God's Gift before the 1st day of 
 January 1881. 
 
 92. Subject to such reasonable regulations, not 
 inconsistent with the provisions of this scheme, 
 as the College governors may from time to time 
 prescribe, the College governors shall apply an 
 annual sum of not less than £1000 in maintain- 
 ing exhibitions of an annual value of not more 
 than £75 each, tenable for not more than four 
 years at the Universities of Oxford or Cambridge, 
 or any other place of higher education or pro- 
 fessional training approved by the College gover- 
 nors, and to be awarded to boys who are being 
 and have for not less than three years been 
 educated at Dulwich College. The establish- 
 ment of these exhibitions may take place by 
 degrees, according to the discretion of the Col- 
 lege governors, so long as the term of any 
 exhibition or scholarship awarded under section 
 64 of the Dulwich College Act Scheme before the 
 1st day of January 1881 remains unexpired. 
 
 93. Every scholarship and exhibition shall be 
 given as the reward of merit, and shall be freely 
 and openly competed for, and shall be tenable 
 only for the purposes of education. If the holder 
 shall, in the judgment of the College governors, 
 
 be guilty of serious misconduct or idleness, or 
 fail to maintain a reasonable standard of profici- 
 ency, or wilfully cease to pursue his education, 
 the College governors may at once determine the 
 Bcholar.ship or exhibition, and for this purpose, 
 in the case of an exhibition held away from 
 Dulwich College, may act on the report of the 
 proper authorities of the place of education at 
 which the exhibition is held, or on such other 
 evidence as the College governors think sufficient. 
 For the purposes of this clause the decision of 
 the College governors shall be final ia every 
 case. 
 
 94. The College governors shall place the annual 
 sum of £1700 to a separate account, entitled 
 " Dulwich College Management Account." The 
 money for the time being standing to the credit 
 of such account shall be applied by the College 
 governors in paying aU rates and taxes due in 
 respect of the buildings of Dulwich College and 
 their appurtenances, in insuring the same against 
 loss or damage by fire, in effecting repairs of 
 property used for the purposes of Dulwich 
 College, and in paying any other expenses of 
 management of property and business, and so far 
 as not wanted for these purposes, shall be accumu- 
 lated so as to form a fund for the like purposes, 
 or for improvements of such property, in any 
 future year or years, but all expenditure out of 
 such accumulated fund shall be subject to the 
 control of the Charity Commissioners. 
 
 95. The College governors may, if they think 
 fit and the income at their disposal suffice for the 
 purpose, agree with the Master of Dulwich Col- 
 lege for the formation of a fund in the nature of 
 a pension or superannuation fund, the main 
 principles of such agreement being that the 
 Master and the College governors respectively 
 shall contribute annually for a period of twenty 
 years such sums as may be fixed on ; that these 
 contributions shall accumulate at compound 
 interest ; that in case the Master serves his office 
 for twenty years, he shall on his retirement be 
 entitled to the whole of the accumulated fund ; 
 that in case he retires earlier on account of per- 
 manent disability from illness, he shall also be 
 entitled to the whole of the same fund ; that in 
 all other cases he or his legal representative shall, 
 on his ceasing to be Master, be entitled to the 
 amount produced by his own contributions, and 
 to so much, if any, of the remainder of the same 
 fund as the College governors, with the approval 
 of the Charity Commissioners, may think proper. 
 If any question shall arise upon the construction 
 or working of this provision, the same shall be 
 referred by the College governors to the Charity 
 Commissioners, whose decision thereon shall be 
 final and conclusive. 
 
 96. Subject to the payment of any necessary or 
 proper outgoings, any income of Dulwich College 
 
528 
 
 HISTORY OF nUL WICH COLLEGE. 
 
 not applied under the foregoing provisions relat- 
 ing to Dulwicli College, aad not needed as a 
 balance to meet current expenses, may be applied 
 for the purposes of Dulwicli College in improv- 
 ing tbe College library, or the accommodation 
 or convenience of the buildings or premises of 
 Dulwich College, or generally in extending or 
 otherwise promoting the objects and efficiency of 
 Dulwich College, and so far as not so applied 
 shall, on passing the annual accounts, be invested 
 in the name of the official trustees of charitable 
 funds, in trust for Dulwich College in augmenta- 
 tion of its endowment. 
 
 Alleyn's School. 
 
 97. The Reverend Joseph Henry Smith, the 
 present master of the lower school of the College 
 of God's Gift, shall retain office as the head 
 master of Allej'n's School under this scheme. 
 
 98. Every head master of Alleyn's School shall 
 be a graduate of some University in the United 
 Kingdom, or have such other qualification or 
 certificate or other test of his attainments as may 
 be fixed from time to time by any regulation of 
 the College governors approved by the Charity 
 Commissioners. He shall receive a fixed stipend 
 of £100 a year. He shall also receive a further 
 or capitation payment calculated on such a scale, 
 uniform or graduated, as may be fixed from time 
 to time by the College governors, at the rate of 
 not less tlian £1 nor more than £2 a year for 
 each boy attending the school ; but the whole 
 amount of the head master's emoluments under 
 this clause shall not exceed the sum of £700 in 
 any one year. Until the opening of the new 
 buildings for Alleyn's School, the head master, in 
 place of payment under the foregoing provisions, 
 shall receive such emoluments as he would have 
 been entitled to if this scheme had not been 
 made. The College governors may arrange that 
 for the first year after the opening of such new 
 buildings the income of the head master under 
 this clause shall be made up to £700 out of the 
 income of Alleyn's School. 
 
 99. After the opening of the new buildings for 
 Alleyn's School, all boys, except as herein pro- 
 vided, shall pay entrance and tuition fees to be 
 fixed from time to time by the College governors, 
 such entrance fees being not more than £1 for any 
 boy, and such tuition fees being at the rate of not 
 less than £4 nor more than £8 a year for any boy. 
 
 100. No boy shall be admitted into the school 
 under the age of eight years. No boy shall 
 remain in the school after the age of sixteen 
 years, or if he attains that age during a school 
 term, then after the end of such term, except 
 with the permission of the College governors, 
 which in special cases may be given upon the 
 recommendation of the head master. 
 
 101. The examination for admission shall 
 never for any boy fall below the following 
 standard ; that is to say : — 
 
 Reading ; 
 
 Writing text-hand ; 
 
 Sums in the first two simple rules of Arith- 
 metic with the Multiplication Table. 
 
 102. Besides religious instruction as herein- 
 before provided, instruction shall also be given 
 in the school in the following subjects : — 
 
 Reading, Writing and Arithmetic ; 
 
 Geography and History ; 
 
 English Grammar, Composition, and Litera 
 ture; 
 
 Mathematics ; 
 
 Latin ; 
 
 At least one Foreign European Language ; 
 
 Natural Science ; 
 
 Drawing, Vocal Music, and Drill. 
 
 The College governors may, however, provide 
 that the course of secular instruction shall be 
 adjusted with a special regard to industrial or 
 technical training, and that it shall comprise 
 instruction in geometry, practical and experi- 
 mental science, and drawing with reference 
 particularly to mechanics and engineering. 
 
 103. After the opening of the new buildings 
 for Alleyn's School, the College governors shall 
 apply the annual sum of £200 in maintaining 
 scholarships tenable at Alleyn's School, each of 
 an annual value not greater than the highest 
 tuition fee fixed for boys in Alleyn's School at 
 the time of the award of such scholarship. 
 These scholarships shall be granted for such 
 periods and, subject to the provisions of this 
 scheme, on such conditions as the governors 
 think fit. Boys to whom such scliolarships 
 shall be granted shall be called Foundation 
 Scholars. Ten of these scholarships shall be 
 competed for in the first instance by boys who 
 are being and have for not less than three years 
 been educated at any of the public elementary 
 schools in the parish of St. Giles Camberwell, 
 and the College governors shall make such 
 arrangements relating to the elections to these 
 ten scholarships as seem to them best adapted 
 to secure the double object of attracting good 
 scholars to Alleyn's School, and advancing educa- 
 tion of such public elementary schools. All 
 these scholarships shall be awarded on the 
 result of any such examination as the Collece 
 governors think fit, but no such scholarship 
 shall be granted to any boy already attendimr 
 Alleyn's School unless the head master shall 
 report that he is deserving of it by reason of his 
 character and good conduct, and no such scholar- 
 ship shall be granted for which there shall be 
 no candidate who on examination shall be 
 adjudged worthy to take it. The establishment 
 ot the scholarships may take place by de<Trees 
 
SCHEME OF THE CHARITY COMMISSION, 1882. 
 
 529 
 
 according to the discretion of the College 
 governors, so long as there are any boys in the 
 same school who were admitted thereto before 
 the 1st day of January 1881. 
 
 104. Subject to such reasonable regulations, 
 not inconsistent with the provisions of this 
 scheme, as the CoUege governors may from time 
 to time prescribe, the CoUege governors shaU 
 apply, tlie annual sum of £300 in maintaining 
 exhibitions, each of the annual value of not less 
 than £20 nor more than £30, tenable for not 
 more than four years at Dulwich College or at 
 any_ other place of higher education or pro- 
 fessional training approved by them, and to be 
 awarded to boys who are being and have for 
 not less than three years been educated at 
 Alleyn's School. 
 
 105. The College governors shall place the 
 annual sum of £150 to a separate account, 
 entitled "Alleyn's School Management Account." 
 The money for the time being standing to the 
 credit of such account shall be applied by the 
 CoUege governors in paying aU rates and taxes 
 due in respect of the buildings of Alleyn's 
 School and their appurtenances, in insuring the 
 same against loss or damage by lire, in effecting 
 repairs of property used for the purposes of 
 Alleyn's School, and in paying any other 
 expenses of management of property and busi- 
 ness, and so far as not wanted for these purposes 
 shall be accumulated so as to form a fund for 
 the like purposes, or for improvements of such 
 property, in any future year or years, but all 
 expenditure out of such accumulated fund shall 
 be subject to the control of the Charity Com- 
 missioners. 
 
 106. Except as herein otherwise provided, 
 AUeyn's School shall be subject to the like 
 provisions as are contained in the foregoing 
 clauses relating to Dulwich CoUege. 
 
 107. Subject to the payment of any necessary 
 or proper outgoings, any income of AUeyn's 
 School not applied under the foregoing pror 
 visions relating to such school, and not needed 
 as a balance to meet current expenses, may be 
 appUed for the purposes of the same school, 
 according to the like provisions as hereinbefore 
 contained with regard to Dulwich CoUege, and 
 so far as not so applied shall, on passing the 
 annual accounts, be invested in the name of the 
 ofiacial trustees of charitable funds, in trust for 
 AUeyn's School in augmentation of its endow- 
 ment. 
 
 Dulwich College Picture Gallery and School of 
 Fine Art. 
 
 108. Dulwich CoUege Picture Gallery and the 
 endowment thereof shall be administered by the 
 CoUege governors. Such endowment shaU con- 
 
 VOL. I. 
 
 sist of the lands, buildings, and hereditaments 
 described in Part III. of the Third Schedule 
 hereto, and of the said capital sum of £4000 
 (when the same shall come into possession) to be 
 applied in the erection of a suitable buUding for 
 a school of fine art, and of the said annual sum 
 of £300, to be paid to the College governors and 
 carried by them to the credit of the Dulwich 
 College Picture Gallery account, as hereinbefore 
 provided ; and of the sum of £17,500 consoli- 
 dated 3 per cent, annuities, or other the stock 
 belonging to Dulwich College Picture GaUery, 
 and the dividends accruing or accrued thereon, 
 and the cash balances, if any, and the pictures, 
 works of art, and other effects belonging to 
 Dulwich College Picture Gallery. 
 
 109. The CoUege governors shall, with the 
 sanction of the President and CouncU of the 
 Eoyal Academy, make provision for the pre- 
 servation and custody of the coUection of 
 pictures and works of art belonging to Dulwich 
 College Picture Gallery in the present GaUery or 
 elsewhere in Dulwich, subject to such regula- 
 tions for making the same accessible to the 
 public, and for other purposes, as the College 
 governors may determine or direct. 
 
 110. After defraying the expenses of manage- 
 ment, including those of the annual visitation 
 as directed by the above-mentioned will of 
 Margaret Desenfans, and of the maintenance 
 of the gallery, pictures, and works of art, the 
 CoUege governors shaU, out of the remaining 
 income of Dulwich College Picture Gallery, pro- 
 vide for instruction in drawing and designing 
 and otherwise for the advancement of education 
 of boys and girls by means of a School of Fine 
 Art. The governors may appoint and pay such 
 lecturers or other teachers in the school of fine 
 art as they think fit, and may at pleasure 
 dismiss any such lecturer or teacher. The 
 School of Pine Art shaU be open to aU boys and 
 girls belonging respectively to Dulwich College, 
 Alleyn's School, James Allen's Girls' School, or 
 to any school endowed or to be endowed under 
 this scheme, or any scheme to be made under it 
 as herein mentioned. The CoUege governors 
 may also admit other persons to the School of 
 Fine Art, but not so as to interfere with the 
 aforesaid object of such school. For instruction 
 in the School of Fine Art the CoUege governors 
 shaU charge such fees as they think fit, but boys 
 attending Dulwich CoUege shall, and boys and 
 girls attending AUeyn's School, or James Allen's 
 Girls' School, or any other school endowed or to 
 be endowed under this scheme, or any scheme 
 to be made under it as herein mentioned, may 
 he admitted to such instruction free, or at a 
 scale of fees lower than those charged to other 
 scholars. If at any time there is not room for 
 aU applicants for admission to the School of Fine 
 
 3x 
 
S3<: 
 
 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. 
 
 Art, a preference shall te accorded in the first 
 instance to boys attending Dulwich College, and 
 afterwards to boys and girls attending respec- 
 tively Alleyn's School, James Allen's Girls' 
 School, and any school endowed or to be 
 endowed under this scheme, or any scheme to 
 be made under it as herein mentioned. All 
 fees received under this clause shall be placed to 
 the credit of the Dulwich College Picture Gallery 
 accoimt. The College governors may out of the 
 income of Dulwich College Picture Gallery grant 
 exhibitions or prizes as the reward of merit and 
 proficiency to boys and girls in the School of 
 Fine Art. The school of fine art shall be subject 
 to the like provisions as hereinbefore contained 
 with regard to Dulwich College for giving effect 
 to the requirements of sections 15 and 18 of the 
 Endowed Schools Act, 1869. 
 
 111. Subject to the payment of any necessary 
 or proper outgoings, any income of Dulwich 
 College Picture Gallery not applied under the 
 foregoing provisions relating to such Gallery, 
 and not needed as a balance to meet current 
 expenses, may be apx^lied in improving the 
 Gallery, purchasing pictures and works of art, 
 and generally in extending or otherwise pro- 
 moting the objects and efiiciency of the Gallery 
 and the School of Fine Art, and so far as not so 
 applied shall, on passing the annual accounts, 
 be invested in the name of the olficial trustees 
 of charitable funds in trust for Dulwich College 
 Picture Gallery in augmentation of its endow- 
 ment. 
 
 112. When the said capital sum of £4000 
 shall come into possession, or sooner if circum- 
 stances will permit, the College governors shall 
 erect a suitable building for the School of Fine 
 Art upon some site belonging to Dulwich College 
 Picture Gallery, but for all the purposes con- 
 nected therewith the College governors shall act 
 subject to the consent and approval of the 
 Charity Commissioners. 
 
 General. 
 
 113. The estates governors and the College 
 governors respectively may receive any addi- 
 tional donations or endowments for the general 
 purposes of the several trusts to be administered 
 by them respectively. They may also receive 
 donations or endowments for any special objects 
 connected with the said several trusts, or any of 
 them, which shall not be inconsistent with or 
 calculated to impede the due working of the 
 provisions of this scheme. Any question arising 
 upon this last point shall be referred to the 
 Charity Commissioners for decision. 
 
 114. "Within the limits prescribed by this 
 scheme the estates governors and College gover- 
 nors respectively shall have full power from time 
 
 to time to make regulations for the conduct of 
 their business and for the management of their 
 respective trusts, and such regulations shall be 
 binding on all persons affected thereby. 
 
 115. Any question affecting the refrularity or 
 the validity of any proceeding under this scheme 
 shall be determined conclusively by the Charity 
 Commissioners upon such application made to 
 them for the purpose as they think sufficient. 
 
 116. If any doubt or question arises between 
 any governing bodies under this scheme, or 
 among the members of any such governing body, 
 as to the proper construction or application of 
 any of the provisions of this scheme, the govern- 
 ing bodies or governing body concerned shall 
 apply to the Charity Commissioners for their 
 opinion and advice thereon, which opinion and 
 advice, when given, shall be binding on the 
 governing bodies or governing body concerned, 
 and all persons claiming under the trust con- 
 cerned who shall be affected by the question so 
 decided. 
 
 117. From the date of this scheme, all jurisdic- 
 tion of the ordinary relating to or arising from 
 the licensing of any master or teacher in Dulwich 
 College or Alleyn's School, or any other school to 
 be managed under the provisions of this scheme, 
 shall be abolished. 
 
 118. From tlie date of this scheme aU rights 
 and powers reserved to, belonging to, claimed by, 
 or capable of being exercised by the Archbishop 
 of Canterbury, or any other person or body 
 (other than Her Majesty) as visitor of either of 
 the above-named foundations, shall be transferred 
 to Her Majesty, and all such rights and powers, 
 and also any like rights or powers vested in her 
 on the 2nd day of August 1869, shall be exercised 
 only through and by the Charity Commissioners 
 for England and Wales. But notwithstanding 
 anything herein contained, the Archbishop of 
 Canterbury for the time being shaU retain and 
 have the honorary style and title of Visitor of 
 Alleyn's College of God's Gift at Dulwich. 
 
 119. The Ciiarity Commissioners may from 
 time to time, in the exercise of their ordinary 
 jurisdiction, frame schemes for the alteration of 
 any portions of this scheme, provided that such 
 schemes be not inconsistent with anything con- 
 tained in the Endowed Schools Acts. 
 
 120. From and after the date of this scheme 
 the above-named foundations and endowments 
 shall for every purpose, except as herein pro- 
 vided, be administered and governed wholly and 
 exclusively in accordance with the provisions of 
 this scheme, notwithstanding any former or other 
 scheme, Act of Parliament, charter or letters 
 patent, statute, or instrument relating to the 
 subject-matter of this scheme. 
 
 121. The estates governors shall cause this 
 scheme to be printed, and a copy to be given 
 
SCHEME OF THE CHARITY COMMISSION, 1882. 
 
 531 
 
 to every estates governor, College governor, 
 master,_ assistant master, and teacher upon, their 
 respective appointments, and copies may be sold 
 at a reasonable price to aU persons applying for 
 the same. 
 
 122. The date of this scheme shall be the day 
 on which Her Majesty by Order in Council 
 declares her approbation of the scheme. 
 
 FIRST SCHEDULE. 
 
 Sections 7 and 8 of the Dulmch College Act 
 Scheme respectively referred to in the 
 foregoing Scheme, the College and the 
 Charity in these sections respectively 
 mentioned being Alleyn's College of God's 
 Gift at Dulwich and the Governors thereof 
 as in the Dulwich College Act Scheme 
 respectively constituted. 
 
 7. All the real estate of whatsoever tenure and 
 rights and privileges vested in or held in trust 
 for the said College, or any of the members 
 thereof as such (subject to the subsisting leases 
 and charges, if any, thereof), and the full benefit 
 of all subsisting covenants, conditions, and securi- 
 ties made or entered into with or reserved to the 
 said College, or any person or persons in trust 
 for the same College, and all the personal estate 
 belonging to or held in trust for the said College, 
 or any of the members thereof as such, and the 
 right to sue for and recover all choses in action 
 recoverable for the benefit of the College or any 
 such member as aforesaid, shall from and after 
 the said 31st day of December 1857, be vested in 
 the said governors, and shall from time to time 
 thereafter vest and continue vested in the 
 governors of Alleyn's CoUege at Dulwich for the 
 time being, for the purposes and according to the 
 provisions of this scheme, without any convey- 
 ance, assignment, or assurance ; and the right to 
 sue upon, or enforce all or any covenants, con- 
 ditions, or securities, made, reserved, or contracted 
 to or with the said CoUege before its dissolution, 
 or to or with any preceding governors of the said 
 Charity for the benefit thereof, shall be exercise- 
 able by and in the names of the governors for 
 the time being, as fuUy and effectuaUy as the 
 same right might be exercised by such CoUege, 
 if not dissolved, or by such precedmg governors, 
 if stUl retaining their office ; and m the sanie 
 manner all contracts and liabiUties of the said 
 CoUege before its dissolution, or of any precedmg 
 governors for the time being of the Charity, may 
 be enforced against the governors thereof for the 
 time being, to the extent of the property or assets 
 of the Charity, but not against their private estates. 
 
 8. Leases and other deeds and instruments for 
 the letting or disposition of the Charity estate or 
 any part thereof, may be executed and made by 
 any five of the governors for the time being on 
 behalf and as the act of the whole of them, 
 according to any order of the governors of the 
 said Charity, made at any regular meeting of 
 their body, and shall have the same effect as if 
 executed by aU the said governors, and the recital 
 of any such order, contained in any deed or 
 instrument by which any such lease or other 
 disposition shall be effected, shall be primd facie 
 evidence thereof, upon any proceedings to which 
 the parties to the same lease or instrument or 
 their respective successors in title, representatives, 
 or assigns, shaU be parties or a party. 
 
 SECOND SCHEDULE. 
 
 Lands and Hbkbditaments to be vested in 
 the Official Trustee of Charity Lands and 
 his successors, in trust for the Estates 
 Governors, subject as regards the par- 
 ticulars specified in paragraph 2 of this 
 Schedule to the direction in the foregoing 
 Scheme for shifting the benefit of the 
 trust. 
 
 Property to he appropriated as part of ilie 
 Eleemosynary Endowment. 
 
 1. Such part of the site and buildings known 
 as the Old CoUege as consists of the eastern wing 
 and the northern part of the western wing of 
 those buUdings and the quadrangle or forecourt 
 and planted enclosure belonging to the Old 
 CoUege, and is bounded on the south partly by 
 the chapel and the chaplain's residence and the 
 cloisters adjoining to them, and partly by the 
 stable-yard attached to the chaplain's residence, 
 and is shown in a plan of the Old CoUege and of 
 part of the estate of the CoUege of God's Gift 
 adjoining thereto sealed with the seal of the 
 Charity Commissioners and deposited in their 
 custody, and it is therein coloured grey ; but 
 subject to the right of access mentioned in para- 
 graph 1 of Part I. of the Third Schedule. 
 
 2. The two buildings abutting on the west 
 waU of the Dulwich College Picture GaUerj'', and 
 now used as residences for almswomen, and the 
 two out-buildings used as offices appurtenant to 
 such residences : which residences and offices are 
 shown in the said plan, and are therein also' 
 coloured grey, with their respective sites, with a 
 right of access to the same residences and offices 
 through the courtyard adjoining to GaUery 
 Road. 
 
532 
 
 HISTORY OF DULWICH COLLEGE. 
 
 THIRD SCHEDULE. 
 
 Lands and Heeeditaments to be vested in 
 the Official Trustee of Charity Lands and 
 his successors, in trust for the College 
 Governors. 
 
 Paet L 
 
 Property to le appropriated as part of the Chapel 
 Endowment. 
 
 1. The chapel and the chaplain's residence, 
 and the cloisters adjoining to them, forming 
 together the southern block of the buildings of 
 the Old College, and the kitchen offices, attached 
 to the chaplain's residence, and such part of the 
 western wing of the buildings of the Old College 
 as is over the same offices, and the stable-yard 
 and stable abutting on Gallery Road : which 
 southern block and other particulars, the siibject 
 of this paragraph, are shown in the said plan, 
 and are therein coloured pink, with their respec- 
 tive sites, and with a right of access to the same 
 through the quadrangle or forecourt and planted 
 enclosure described in paragraph 1 of the Second 
 Schedule. 
 
 2. The garden appropriated to the chaplain's 
 residence, containing by admeasurement Oa. Ir. 
 25p. or thereabouts, and bounded on the east by 
 College Road, on the south partly by the garden 
 or piece of land containing by admeasurement 
 la. Ir. 30p. or thereabouts described in paragraph 
 1 of Part III. of this Schedule, and partly by the 
 northern wall and fence of the Dulwich College 
 Picture Gallery and of the covered way or cloister 
 of the Dulwich College Picture Gallery, on the 
 west partly by the covered way or cloister of the 
 Dulwich College Picture Gallery and partly by 
 the stable-yard described in the last foregoing 
 paragraph, and on the north by the southern 
 block of the buildings of the Old College : which 
 garden is shown on the said plan and is therein 
 also coloured pink. 
 
 Paet II. 
 
 Property to be appropriated as part of the Endow- 
 ment of Dulwich College. 
 
 1. A parcel of land containing by admeasure- 
 ment 28a. Ir. 38p. or thereabouts, and numbered 
 338 in the plan of the estate of the College of 
 God's Gift made in the year 1876, bounded on 
 the east by College Road, on the south by the 
 site of a fence, now removed, formerly dividing 
 this parcel from the field numbered 337 on the 
 same plan, on the west by Palace Road, and on 
 the north by Dulwich Common Road : Also a 
 parcel of land containing by admeasurement 
 13a. 2r. 26p. or thereabouts, numbered 337 on 
 
 the same plan, bounded on the east by CoUece 
 Road, on the south by Union Road, on the west 
 partly by the property of the London, Chatham 
 and Dover Railway Company and partly by 
 Palace Road, and on the north by the site of the 
 said fence now removed : The same two parcels 
 of land containing together by admeasurement 
 42a. Or. 24p. or thereabouts ; together with the 
 school buildings, masters' residences, and their 
 respective appurtenances erected thereon and 
 known as the New College, and now used for the 
 purposes of the upper school of the College of 
 God's Gift. 
 
 Paet III. 
 
 Property to he appropriated as part of the Endow- 
 ment of Dulwich College Picture Gallery. 
 
 1. The site and buildings of Dulwich College 
 Picture Gallery, and the land and appurtenances 
 appropriated thereto, including the covered way 
 or cloister on the east side, and the lobby and the 
 mausoleum and the curator's room and the court- 
 yard on the west side of the Gallery, and includ- 
 ing also the detached building used as a residence 
 for the curator and the garden appropriated 
 thereto, and also the garden or piece of land 
 containing by admeasurement la. Ir. 30p. or 
 thereabouts on the east side of the Gallery : which 
 site and buildings and other particulars are 
 bounded on the east by College Road, on the 
 south partly by the northern of the building 
 plots known as College Gardens and partly by 
 the parcel of land described in the next following 
 paragraph, on the west partly by the last-men- 
 tioned parcel of land and partly by Gallery 
 Road, and on the north partly by the garden 
 appropriated to the chaplain's residence, partly 
 by the northern of the two buildings used as 
 residences for almswomen described in paragraph 
 2 of the Second Schedule, and partly by the stable- 
 yard described in paragraph 1 of Part I. of this 
 Schedule : all which site and buildings and other 
 particulars, the subject of this paragraph, are 
 shown in the said sealed plan, and are therein 
 coloured green ; but subject to the right of access 
 mentioned in paragraph 2 of the Second Schedule. 
 
 2. A parcel of land containing by admeasure- 
 ment 3a. Or. 15p. or thereabouts, bounded on the 
 east partly by the said garden or piece of land 
 containing by admeasurement la. Ir. 30p. or 
 thereabouts and described in the last foregoing 
 paragraph, and partly by the building plots 
 known as College Gardens, on the south by the 
 footpath leading from Gallery Road to College 
 Road, on the west by Gallery Road, and on tile 
 north partly by the garden appropriated to the 
 residence for the curator and partly by the 
 planted enclosure of the Dulwich College Picture 
 Gallery : which parcel of land is shown in the 
 said sealed plan, and is therein coloured brown. 
 
MAP OF DVLWICH AND NEIGHBOURHOOD^ BY ROQUE. ^74^ 
 
PROPOSALS TO ALTER SCHEME. 533 
 
 Since this Chapter was in print, the Charity Commissioners have 
 made proposals to alter the scheme of the 18th August 1882 in several 
 particulars, notably by cancelling the gift of X50,000 to the parishes 
 of St. Luke's and St. Botolph's, and bestowing the income of that sum 
 at 3 per cent., together with other endowments, upon a new foundation, 
 to be called the London Central Commercial Schools, to consist of two 
 schools for boys and one for girls. 
 
 The Endowed Schools Commissioners on February 13, 1874, gave the following opinion upon 
 the parochial claims. It forms an interesting commentary on a good deal of the preceding 
 history : — 
 
 " The vestry of St. Luke's base their claims on the assumption that the four parishes have equal 
 beneficial interest in Alleyn's foundation, and that this interest is for each parish one-fourth of the 
 whole. . . . The Commissioners desire to state that in their judgment this argument is not supported 
 by the true interpretation of the instruments of foundation, or by the facts of the case. . . . There 
 la, therefore, in the opinion of the Commissioners no ground for an apportionment of Alleyn's 
 endowment into equal fourth parts, one for each of the four parishes. And in this opinion they are 
 confirmed by the circumstance, that, although this endowment has been many times the subject of 
 hot debate before the Archbishop of Canterbury as Visitor, before the Court of Chancery, before the 
 Charity Commissioners, and before Parliament, no one of these authorities has ever recognised such 
 a view. On the contrary, their decisions and action have been entirely inconsistent vidth it." 
 
 END OF VOL. I. 
 
 MORBISON AND OrBB, EDINBURGH, 
 PEINIEBS TO HBE MAJESTY'S STATIONEEY OFFICE.