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REPRINT 
 
 OF THE RARE 
 
 1772 EDITION 
 
 OF 
 
 WILLIAM PRESTON'S 
 
 ILLUSTRATIONS OF MASONRY, 
 
 WITFI 
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICE. 
 
 BY 
 
 WILLIAM WATSON, P.M., P.Z., 
 
 LEEDS. 
 
 LONDON : 
 
 The Eidographic Reproduction Publishing Co. 
 
 45, KIRBY STREET. HATTON GAREN. 
 1887. 
 
NOTICE. 
 
 The older editions of Preston's Illustrations have 
 become exceedingly rare and almost unattainable, 
 except at long intervals and at considerable expense. 
 
 The First Edition differs widely in plan from 
 the editions which follow, and may, from its extreme 
 scarcity, be looked upon as practically out of reach.' 
 
 To meet the wish of the devoted student, indus- 
 trious and enthusiastic collector, or lodge librarian, this 
 reprint has been issued. Those who have been so 
 fortunate as to have had the opportunity of inspecting 
 the original will be able to testify that not only has 
 the text been faithfully adhered to, but an exact fac-simile 
 produced. 
 
 W.W. 
 
INTRODUCTION. 
 
 The Eighteenth Century though ever memorable 
 as witnessing the organization of the craft upon a 
 purely speculative basis, produced but few masonic 
 writers who can be spoken of as possessing literary 
 attainments in an eminent degree, or as having secured 
 even a prospect of lasting fame. 
 
 Of these, Preston is known by the rank and 
 file of our Society, far and away beyond any of his 
 contemporaries, and to a large extent his reputation 
 has been built and maintained by his " Illustrations 
 OF Masonry." 
 
 Few if any, Masonic Works ever published have 
 attained such extensive popularity. The fact that 
 seventeen editions have been issued, and that the book 
 still preserves a strong position in the face of the 
 countless rivals which have come forth during the 
 present century, argues sterling merit and an indisput- 
 able claim to our respectful consideration. William 
 Preston lived not in days when space is annihilated, 
 
6 
 
 when intercourse with the remotest corners of the 
 civihzed world is but a question of moments, when 
 research is no longer a casual pursuit of isolated 
 students, but become elevated to a science by which 
 evidence is collected, weighed and scrutinized with the 
 most systematic care. His lot was cast in a time when 
 the power of making trustworthy record of even passing 
 events hung upon very uncertain conditions, and when 
 almost insurmountable obstacles existed to his obtaining 
 any extended basis of facts. He lived when myths and 
 apocryphal accounts of the early history of the Order 
 had obtained general credence, and by many it may 
 be said, whose gift of critical acumen should have led 
 them to examine and reject legends which had not the 
 support of even the most shadowy evidence. With 
 these surroundings and disadvantages his mind would 
 have been rare indeed had it escaped some tincture of 
 the prevailing love of the fabulous in dealing with the 
 antiquities of Freemasonry. Yet Preston was sturdy 
 and upright in character, possessed a strong fund of 
 common sense, and was held in high estimation by his 
 brethren. His attachment to the principles of Free- 
 
7 
 
 masonry was not only displayed throughout his literary 
 
 effusions, but was exemplified in his daily life and 
 
 actions. Even where he differed widely in opinion 
 
 from others, yet the genuine nature of the man and 
 
 the undoubted possession of great intellectual gifts 
 
 commanded admiration and won respect. That he was 
 
 deemed a shining light in Masonry by brethren also 
 
 highly endowed in mind, is proved by several editions 
 
 of his "Illustrations" having been successively edited 
 
 by Stephen Jones, P.M. of Antiquity Lodge, author 
 
 of "Masonic Miscellanies," &c., and by the late Rev. 
 
 Dr. Oliver, who was probably by far the most prolific 
 
 writer, the greatest essayist and most diligent student 
 
 the nineteenth century Freemasonary had seen up to 
 
 his decease. 
 
 To brethren unaquainted with the career of 
 Preston, the following brief notice may be of interest ; — 
 
 William Preston was born at Edingburgh, in 
 the 7th of August, 1742, (July 28th old style ). His 
 father was a Writer to the Signet, and secured to him 
 that foundation of success in after life — a good educa- 
 
tion. He was bound apprentice to Steathan, His 
 Majesty's Printer, but afterwards became secretary to 
 the learned Thomas Ruddiman, to whom he rendered 
 good service. Subsequently on Ruddiman's death he 
 resumed his labours at the printing office, and finally 
 proceeded to London ; there his great literary abilities 
 were displayed as Editor of the London Chronicle, and in 
 
 many other ways. 
 
 t 
 His initiation into Freemasonary took place in 
 
 1763, at Lodge No. in (of the "Ancient" or "AthoU" 
 
 Grand Lodge), which had recently been opened, and 
 
 was then working under a dispensation. This lodge 
 
 after a while applied to the Parent Grand Lodge, 
 
 ("Moderns") for a warrant and was constituted as the 
 
 "Caledodian" in 1772. 
 
 As a lecturer and orator he soon obtained 
 celebrity. The "Gala," described in his first edition 
 of "Illustrations" was originated by him, and the 
 occasion of an eloquent address. 
 
 Having been induced to attend the Lodge of 
 Antiquity, (No. i.) in 1774, he was admitted a member 
 
9 
 and at the same time had the very exceptional honour 
 
 conferred upon him of being there and then elected 
 Master. He had already filled with distinguished 
 • ability, the office of master in several other lodges, and 
 that the brethren of the "Antiquity" were justified in 
 their choice was proved by the advancement in the 
 state of the lodge immediately after his accession to 
 the chair. 
 
 His zeal in defence of the supposed inherent 
 
 rights of " Antiquity " as a time immorial lodge, led 
 
 him to take active participation in certain proceedings 
 
 which met with the strong disapproval of Grand Lodge. 
 
 In consequence, he, and several others, having been 
 
 suspended from their masonic privileges, withdrew 
 
 along with the majority of the lodge, from their 
 
 allegiance to the Grand Lodge of England, and under 
 
 the wing of the "Grand Lodge" at York, set up in 
 
 1779, a grand lodge of their own, under the title of the 
 
 " Grand Lodge of England, South of the River Trent," 
 
 John Wilson, late Master of No. i being the first Grand 
 
 Master. .This new rival to the Grand Lodge of England 
 
 never attained anything btit very insignificant proper- 
 
lO 
 
 tions, for only two lodges were constituted from it ; 
 the " Perseverance and Triumph," with Preston, as 
 master, and the " Perfect Observance," presided over 
 by P. Lambert de Lintot, whose name and work as an 
 artist have reached us in his engraved allegorical 
 designs on Freemasonary. 
 
 Finally Preston and his compeers decided to 
 tender their submission to the Grand Lodge of England, 
 and that body becoming favourably disposed towards a 
 reconciliation, the seceders were restored in 1789 to 
 their privileges, Preston being honourably received 
 and heartily welcomed back. The " Grand Lodge 
 South of the Trent" disappeared, and thus ended the 
 first and last secession of time honoured "Antiquity.' 
 May the happy union thiis effected never again be 
 disturbed. 
 
 Preston took a prominent share in the formation 
 of the "Grand Chapter of Harodim," an institution 
 which did exceedingly v-aluable work in its time, by 
 extending the knowledge of our principles and by raising 
 the standard of the " working " in lodges. The estab- 
 
II 
 
 iishment however in time, of formal lodges of instruction, 
 did away with the necessity for this body. 
 
 Having attained the ripe old age of seventy-six, 
 he died in Dean Street, Fetter Lane, on April ist, 18^8, 
 and was interred in St. Paul's Chathedral. He 
 bequeathed ;^5oo to the Royal Freemason's Charity ; 
 ;^5oo to the General Charity Fund of Grand Lodge ; 
 and ;^300 consols for the annual Prestonian Lecture, 
 the interest thereof going to the lecturer. 
 
 Thus passed away one who left an ineffacable 
 mark on the history of his own time. If in dealing 
 with facts in his writings he occasionally fell into errors, 
 it may fairly be ascribed to the insufficient means of 
 knowledge at his command. If he strayed in judgment 
 from the orthodox track, it was but from a momentary 
 bias, his naturally clear discernment leading him, on 
 reflection, to resume the right path ; and his manliness 
 of character to acknowledge his fault. His memory 
 will ever be loved and revered as that of a man in whose 
 heart and soul dwelt the precepts of the Craft, and of 
 whom it may be truly said, he was a worthy Mason. 
 Leeds, 1887. WILLIAM WATSON. 
 
ILLUSTRATIONS 
 
 O F 
 
 MASONRY 
 
 The man« whofe tirinti on virtue b«nt. 
 PurTues Come greatly good iitteiK, 
 
 With andivfTted aim ^ 
 Serene, beholds the angr/ crpud. 
 Nor can their clamoun fierce and loud, 
 
 Kis (lubbcra honot tame> 
 
 BlACKTtOCK. 
 
 LONDON: 
 
 Printed for Hie Autmou % 
 
 And fold by BTOthw J. Williams, oppofite St. 
 
 Dunftao's Cbwrh, Fleet Sticet. 
 
TO THE 
 RIGHT HONOURABLE 
 
 JLORD PETRE» 
 
 GRAND MASTER 
 
 OF THE 
 
 ANCIENT AND HONOURABLE SOClETy 
 
 O F 
 
 FREE AND ACCEPTED MASONS^ 
 
 THESE ILLUSTRATIONS 
 
 ARE. WITH THE GREATEST RESPECT, 
 
 INSCBIBEDj 
 
 BY 
 
 HIS LORDSHIP'S, 
 
 M05T OBEDIENT 
 
 SERVANT, ANJ3 ftROTHETl, 
 
 WILLIAM PRESTON. 
 
C^e Sanrftott, 
 
 WHEREAS Brother WilIiam Prestok has 
 compiled a Book, intitled, " Ii.i.vsTqATiON of 
 " Masonry," and has requefted our San Ai on for 
 the publication thereof; we having perufed the 
 faid Book, and -finding it to correfpond with the an- 
 cient prsQices of thi* Society, do Kcommend die 
 fame.. 
 
 PET RE, Grand Maftci^ 
 CHARLES DILLON, D. G. M. 
 
 Peter Parker* \ 
 
 WitiiAM AwtlKSOM,] ®' Wardens. 
 
 James Hbsbltinb^ 
 G. Seoctarjr, 
 
E R RATA. 
 
 Page 5p. line Ij. F»r proceed, roi/l proceie, 
 i66, 4.. For cotamede, read eommetht. 
 8. /V natuMf parfcS^ rmd ta,lent«. 
 167. iji /"ffr familar, waatfantiliar. 
 
 KJ^ The Bin&r is defired to pkce the PJan of tb« 
 Gala ffonting the EKplanation page }t^ 
 
£ vu 3 
 
 PREFACE. 
 
 TTTHocver confiders, with atti;ntloiH 
 " ^ the nature and dcfign of mafonry, 
 ttwitt readily admit Its gener^. utility. 
 Few of the members of this fociety, who 
 Mve examined its tenets, have ever re^ 
 traced thek favourable opinion of it, 
 Did not its own excellence ztrike widi Im* 
 mediate conviftion, it never could have 
 lieea fo ftrenuouOy fupported, fo noHy 
 patronited, or fo greatly cncourafed, 
 through a long fuccefifjon of ages. Meaof 
 the moA diftinguifhed taltnfs, and of the 
 A4 
 
vni PREFACE. 
 
 higheft rank, ia all countries, have not 
 4ifdalned to lay afide thofe diftintfViQas 
 to which their charafter in life indtle 
 them; that they might enjoy the pl#a. 
 fiirea, and partake of the privileges, of 
 mafonry. 
 
 From a perffeft fenfe of its uti- 
 lity and in anxious dedre to difplay its 
 value, I have been induced to ofTcr 
 the following- papers to the confideration 
 of the Public. "Many rcafons might haye 
 withheld rac frora the attempt tnyina- 
 bilitjr as, % -writer, my attention to the du- 
 ties of my profeffion, and the many abler 
 hands who have treated the fubjeft be£»re 
 me: yet, under all thefe dif advantages^ 
 4:he perfuafions of my friends, added to 
 my zeal in tbecaufe, have enabled mc to 
 
PREFACE ut 
 
 ibrmount every difficulty;, and to rifk my 
 reputation on the fate of my performance. 
 My firfl defign was only to publilh the 
 oration I delivered at the Gala, and this- 
 at the particular requeft of a few friend*, 
 but, on advifing farther, I was infltienced 
 to give the whole proceedings of that* 
 evening The entertainment being to be 
 annually repeatedj I thought it neccflary 
 to recite feveral particulars I (hould other- 
 wife have omitted > in order that it might 
 ferve as a precedent for future exhibitions 
 of the fame kind To illuftrate the nature 
 of the fchemc I had adopted, I added feve- 
 ral remarks and obfervations; and thefe, 
 I humbly apprehend, will be found not 
 to be the leaft ufeful part of the work. 
 Having thus extended my plan beyond 
 the ufaal bounds of a painphiei, I re- 
 A S 
 
X PREFACE. 
 
 folved to feledt fome of the beft pieces 
 on the fubjed I could find ', and to anne», 
 a few commentaries, the niore effedually 
 to anfwer the end I had in view. With 
 what ptopnetf I have executed my de- 
 AgD, I muft leave the fraternity to deter^ 
 mine. In may be fuiTicient to obferve, 
 that, as tny intentions are good, I hope 
 their caadour and generofity will read% 
 ovcrlodk any inaccuracies they may dif^ 
 cover, under the rcfle£lion» that my (ud- 
 jcft wouiti not admit of that open free- 
 dom of communication, which might 
 have been expected irora another theme, 
 not under the fame rcftriftipns. 
 
 I have fubjoihed an Appendix, which I 
 flatter myfelf will not be undcfcrving the 
 attention of my brethren , as it contalfis 
 rotny articles never before pubfifiied, and 
 
PREFACE. xi 
 
 is fdtnpiled from the mod authentic re- 
 cords, and the be& authorities I could 
 procure. I have not particularly fpecrfied 
 the different fources of my information) 
 becaufe the fa£b I have adduced are well 
 known to the majority of my brethren, 
 who are converfant with the ancient prac- 
 tices of the fociety. I cannot, however* 
 a/oid exprefllng my thanks to my very 
 worthy friend and brother Captain George 
 Smith, Inlpeftor of the Royal Academy 
 at Woolwich, from whom I had the plea- 
 fure to receive many valuable annoca'* 
 tions. 
 
 I have thus ventured to appear in vin- 
 tjication of the ceremonies, and in fupport 
 of the privileges, of mafonry. Jf I fuc- 
 ceed in my expe£i:atioa$, of giving the 
 world a favourable idea of the infticution^ 
 A 6 
 
XXI 
 
 PREFACE 
 
 1 ftall be happy in the full completion of 
 my wi(h. If my hopes are-fmftrated, I 
 /hall (lilt indulge the not unpleafant re- 
 fleflioR of havit^ eKsrted my btftendea* 
 voars in a gcmd caufe. 
 
CONTENTS 
 
 GRAND GALA. 
 
 TNcroduftion - - Page Xvu. 
 "*■ Lodge opened 
 
 On the management of tlie Craft in 
 woHcing - — -. 1 
 
 Laws for the government of the Lodge 4 
 OrHtion - ' ' 9 
 
 Expla nation of the Plan of the Gala 3 3 
 
 Ode - - - 33 
 
 Song [Tutte. God fave the King] 5^ 
 
 Remark made by Biother Prelbon 3y 
 
 Anthem - - • 38 
 
 Song [^ure. Attic Fire] - ' 4.1 
 
 Charge on the behaviour of mafons 43 
 
 Entered apprentice's fong - - 4./ 
 Thanks returned to the grand officers / o 
 Lodge dofed - ^ - - Ibid. 
 
 Remarks on theftrft lefture . 52 
 
 fidlfc&on » J 7 
 
.Iv CONTENTS. 
 
 Keinarks on the fecond feflion Page 58 
 
 third fedbion - ibid. 
 
 fourth fe£lion - ibid, 
 
 fifth fedioa - 59 
 
 lixth feftion - ibid. 
 
 Advertifemcnt • * 6 j 
 
 A vindication of mafonry, indud ing a de- 
 
 roonftration of its exceil cncy 6§ 
 
 The fundamental principles of mafonry 
 
 explained - - "93 
 
 Historical remarties - - ^§, 129 
 
 Aft againft the inafons confederating in 
 
 chapters and congregations - 97 
 
 Judge Coke's opinion on that ftatute 154 
 
 Extraft from two ancient records 1 oo« 101, 
 
 Mr. Locke's letter to the earl of Pcn^roke, 
 
 on mafoniy - - - 10^ 
 
 An old MS. on mafonry - « 105 
 
 Mr. Locke's notes and obferratioAs on 
 
 It - - - n6 
 
CONTENTS. xy 
 
 Remarks on it, and on the annotations 
 
 of Mr. Locke - - Page 158 
 
 A gloifary to explain the old words in 
 
 it - - - - itj 
 
 Remarks on fecrecy <» ' '7$ 
 
 Inftances of the regard paid to this virtue 
 
 by the ancients - . - 174 
 
 An entertaining ftory »■ - 1 77 
 
 Eulogium on mafonry — « i S5 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 A charge to be dellTcred at initiatioQ into 
 the firft degree. -^ - 191 
 
 'wi- 8t initiation into the fecond de- 
 gree . - _ - aoo 
 
 .^— — > at initiation into the tflird de- 
 
 gree - . - aojT 
 
 Prayer at opening the lodge • sop 
 
 •i^— at clofing the lodge • • ibid. 
 
 .»~-^ at initiation into mafoiuy ibid 
 
xvi CONTENTS, 
 
 A Declaration to be fubfcribed» or aflbnted 
 to, by every candidate before- his 
 initiation* - - Page 210 
 
 Form of propofing a candidate - 212 
 Manner of conftituting a lodge - 213 
 Form of petition for a conftitution ibid. 
 Ceremony of confecration • - 2.59 
 Mode of inftallation - - - zzi 
 Ceremony obferved at funerals. » 23 z 
 Form of proceffion at funerals - 237 
 The funerai fervice - „ , 24a 
 Remarks on the propriety of building a 
 hallr for the general aHen^blies of 
 mafons - -- - 250 
 
 Defcription of the banquetting hall of 
 the lodge c^ Sf. Johrti at Marfeilles g^ 
 
GRAND GALA 
 
 IK HONOUR op 
 
 FREE MASONRY, 
 
 KELD AT THE 
 
 CROWN and ANCHOR TAVERN, 
 in the STRAND, 
 
 On Thvhsoat the 21ft Dajr of MAVt i TfX, 
 
 PRESENT, 
 
 The Grand OfFicsASi with many otiier 
 eminent and reCpe^hble Brethrxn. 
 
STEWARDS. 
 
 Brother BOTTOMLEY, 
 FARMER, 
 PRESTON, 
 
 Capt. SMITH* 
 
 HILL, 
 
 LEDLIE» 
 
 GLIDDON 
 
 PtJGH^ 
 
 SIDEBOTHAW. 
 
 DOBBSi 
 
 WELLS, 
 
 ALLCOCK. 
 
 PEARCi, Boiler, 
 
Cxix] 
 
 INTRODUCTION. 
 
 WHEN I firft had the honor ro be 
 clefted mailer of a lodge, I 
 thought it my duty to inform myfelf more 
 fully of the general rules of the iociety, 
 in order that I mjghe be able to explain 
 to the brethren under ray direAion, their 
 utility and importance ; and officially ta 
 foforce a due obedience to them, The 
 various method? I aidBpted yith this 
 vi)W9> excited in (oms of fuperficial know, 
 lege, an abCoIate dJflike of what tkey 
 confidered as innorationsi and in feme 
 of more enlarged faculttcs, a jeatouly of 
 pre-enjiqence, that the prindplesof mas- 
 onry ought to have checked. Notwith- 
 
«x INTRODUCTION. 
 
 (landing thcfe difeouragements, I perfef^ 
 vered in my intentions, of fuppordng the- 
 dignity of the fociety, and of difcharging 
 with fidelity the trufl: repofed in me. 
 
 As candor and integrity, with a warm 
 aeal, uninfluenced by inrerell and un- 
 biafled by favour, will ever fopport a good 
 caufe, many of my opponents (patdon the 
 expreffibn) were foort convinced by ai^u- 
 rnent of their error and not only applauded 
 my meafures, but cheerfully concurred in 
 their execution , while others fecretly ap- 
 proved what their former declared opi- 
 nion, forbad theni publicly to adopt. 
 
 This unejcpeded Tucce^s exceeded my 
 moft fangaine wifhes^ and indoced me to 
 inqutrci with a more minute attention, 
 into the contents of out >/ariou5 ledums. 
 The rude and impcrfedl (bkte in whichi 
 found feme of thenii the dtflicultics I en» 
 
INTRODUCTION, xxi 
 countered in my fearch after others, and the 
 variety of modes eftablifhed incur diffferent 
 aflemWies rather difcouraged me in my 
 firft attempt : perfevering, however, In my 
 defign, I continued my purfuitv and with 
 a few zealous friends to the caufe, who 
 had carefully preferved what ignorance 
 and the degeneracy of a corrupt age had 
 rejeified as unintelligible and abfurd, I 
 diligently fought for the ancient and vene- 
 rable landmarks of the fociety. 
 
 In the profecution of my endeavours 
 to revive the wife charges and ufeful regu- 
 lations of mafonry, which inattention had 
 fufiercd to fmk into oblivion, I folidted 
 the adtivity and affiftance of my friends-; 
 And, with their kind help and generous 
 fupportj, I, in part, happily accompIilheJ 
 the cfefign I had formed* 
 
mil INTKODUCTIOH. 
 
 Direfted by an affiSuoiis ftudy and 
 careful pemfal of our ancient changes, 
 which we eftablUhcd as the bafis of cwf 
 <rork, our firft ftep was attentively to 
 confidcr the nature of the inffitution. 
 To imprint on the memory their excel- 
 lence and utHity in the faithful difcharge 
 of our duty, we reduced the more mate- 
 rial parts of them into pradice, and pro- 
 iiecuted our enquiries after ftill more m^ 
 ful knowlege. 
 
 To encourage others to join in our 
 great undertaking, we obferved a gciie- 
 ral rule of reading, or ordering to be 
 rea4 one or other of thefe charges on 
 every regular meetings and of offering 
 our fentiments in elucidation of fuch par- 
 ticular paiTages as feemed to be obfeure. 
 
INTRODUCTION xxiil 
 Th'u praftice we (lUl retain* pcffuaded 
 tb%t a reclui of our duty can never be 
 difagrceabk to thofe acquainted, with it ; 
 and to thofe to whom it is not known, 
 fhould any fuch be, it is highly proper 
 to recommend it. 
 
 Such was the method we followed in 
 the introdu£bion of our plan, which being 
 favourably received, we gradually im- 
 proved, and brought into form, the feve- 
 ral fedtions which compofe the firft led^ure 
 of mafoory. 
 
 The progrefs made daily by our fyftem. 
 pointed out the ncceffity of obtaining the 
 fanfkion of our patroRS. Several of our 
 brethren, gentlemen of acknowledged 
 honor and integrity, joined with us in an 
 application to the Grand Officers for theif 
 patronage ; and the following fcheTi^e was 
 
xxiv. INTRODUCTION, 
 propofed, as the moil efFedual means to 
 convince them of the propriety of re- 
 ftoring mafonry to its primitive luflre, 
 and rendering it worthy the attention of 
 men of judgment and penetration. This 
 happily fucceeded, and the regularity ob- 
 ferved by the officers in their different 
 departments on the occafion, fo fully 
 anfwered the expeftations of the originai 
 promoters, as not only to gain the fanc- 
 tion required, but to fecure the counte- 
 nance and fupport of our rulers to an 
 annual exhibition of the fame kind of 
 entertainment. 
 
Crand gala, 
 
 IN HONOUR OF 
 
 FREE MASONRY, 
 
 MAY ai, 1772. 
 
 fir^HE Lodge was opened in due 
 "■• form by command of the Grand 
 Master" in the chair. 
 
 Brother W. P R E S T O N, as W. M. 
 •• A. Gliddon, as S. W. 
 - T. PwcH, as J. W. 
 
* GRANBGALA. 
 
 O N THE 
 
 MANAGEMENT of the CRAFT 
 
 in working. 
 
 Relicarfed by Brother Gi-iddon- 
 
 Masohs employ themfelves honcftly 
 on working days, live creditably on holy 
 days ; and the times appointed by the 
 law of the land, or confirmed by CLiftom, 
 are carefully obferved. 
 
 The moft expert Craftfrnan is chofen 
 or appointed Mafter of the work, and is 
 duly honored as fuch by thofe over whom 
 he prefides. 
 
 The Ma-fter "knowing himfclf {jualified, 
 undertakes the government of the Lodge, 
 and truly difpenfes his rev/ards, giving no 
 TOOTe approbation lo any brother than he 
 Tcally merits. 
 
GRAND GALA. 3 
 
 A. Craftrman appointed Warden of the 
 worlt under the Matter, 15 irae to both 
 MsftcT and fcllovw, caTcfally overfeM the 
 v/ork, and "bis brethren obey him. 
 
 The Mafter, Wardens, and brethTen 
 receive their rewards jiiftly, are faithful, 
 and honeflly iini'fh the work they begin, 
 whether it is in the firfl: orfecond degree), 
 but never put ihat work to the fitfty which 
 has been accuflomed to the fecond degree, 
 
 Neither envy or cenfttre js difcovcrcd 
 amongft mafons. — No brother is fujj> 
 planted, or put out of his work, if Jie is 
 capable to finlfli the fatnej as no rnan 
 ran finifli the work of nnother fo much 
 to the advantage of the MaftcTw unlefs he 
 
 is pcrfcdly fkiUed in the original defign. 
 
 B 2 
 
4 GRAND GALA. 
 
 All employed in mafoTJiy meekly re- 
 ceive their rewards, and ufe no ill lan- 
 guage or difobliging name. BrotKcr w 
 Fellow, are the terms or appellations they 
 beftow on each other. They behave coiirt- 
 coully within and without the Lodge, and 
 never defert the' Matter till the work is 
 iinilhed. 
 
 LAWS 
 FORT li E 
 GOVERNMENT of the LODGE. 
 Read by Brother Gliddon. 
 You are to falute one another in a court- 
 eous manner, agreeably to the forms efta- 
 blifbed amongil mafons ; you are freely 
 to give mutual inftrudion as ihall be 
 thought necefifary or expedient, not being 
 overfeen or overheard, v/ithout encroach- 
 
GRAND GALA. 5. 
 
 ing upon each other, or derogating from 
 that refped which is due to any gentle- 
 man were he not a mafon ; for though as 
 mafons we rank as brethren on a le\rsl, 
 yet mafonry deprives no man of the ho- 
 nour due to his rank or charafter, but ra- 
 ther adds to his honour, efpecially if lie 
 has deferved well of the fraternity, tfho 
 always render honour to whom it is d^p. 
 and avoid ill manners. 
 
 No private committees are to be al- 
 lowed, or feparate converfation encou- 
 raged ; the Mafter or Wardens are not to 
 be interrupted, or any brother fpeaking 
 to the Mafter i but the brethren are to ob- 
 fcrve due decorum, and under no pre- 
 tence to ufe any unbecoming language 
 
 B3 
 
6 GRAND GALA. 
 
 but pay a proper deference and refpeft to 
 
 tKe prefidj-ng officer,s. 
 
 Thefe laws are to be ftriftly obferved. 
 tlbat harmony may be preferved, and the 
 bufnTiefs of the Lodge he carried on with 
 order and regularity 
 
 Amen. So mote it be. 
 
 [Taaji. The Kmd and the Craft, 
 Flonrijh mtb horns. "^ 
 
ORATION 
 
 O N 
 
 MASONRY. 
 
f 9 ] 
 
 ORATION. 
 
 By Btothef PRESTON. 
 
 BUETHREK, 
 
 TN lb refpedable an aflemb^J^ and be- 
 fore fuch competent judges ot real 
 merif, it may probably be deemed arro- 
 gant or prefumptuous in an individual to 
 olYtr his fentiments i efpecially wherj 
 «jonviiJced thatncither his knowlcge of lan- 
 giage. OT his talents for eloquence, can 60 
 fufHcient juftice to the dignity of h'\s 
 tlieroc- — Promplcd, neverthclels Sjf zeal 
 B S 
 
lo CRAND GALA, 
 
 m a good caufe^ and animated by the 
 fan<{\;ion of your fraternal indulgence, I 
 forget the appreheniion of cenfure, and 
 ■vith freedoTn, the charadterlftic of bre- 
 thren, proceed to difplay the merits of 
 the noble Inflitution which we now are 
 called together to celebrate. 
 
 It IS not my intention to enter into 
 an elaborate difquifition •concerning ma- 
 fonry. Tlie taik far exceeds the limits of 
 my abilities. I fhall only venture to fub- 
 mit to yoTlT fcrious conlideration a few 
 obfervations on the real importance of 
 our venerable (bciety. 
 
 Mafonry is my theme, — ^During many 
 ages, xnd in many different coiintries, has it 
 flourifhed. No art, nofcience has preceded 
 it. In thie dark periods of antlqait^j wK«i 
 
GRAND GALA, ii 
 
 literature was in a low ftate, and the rude 
 manners of -our forefathers with-heJd from 
 them the knowlegc we now Co amply fliarCj 
 mafonry began gradually to difiufe her 
 influence. Our myftcries unveiled, arts amd 
 fciences Infl-anlly arofe, civiUzation took 
 pkccj and the progrefs of knowlege and 
 philofophy difpelled the gloom of igho- 
 rance and barbarifm.!— Government being 
 fettled, authority was given to laws, and 
 our aflemblies acqiiired the patronage, of 
 the great and the good j whilft the tepels 
 of our profeffion were attended with ge- 
 neral and unbounded utility. 
 
 Mafonry is a. moral fcience calculated 
 
 to bind men in the ties of true fricndfliip, 
 
 to extend benevolence, and to promote 
 
 virtue. It pa-flfes and is tmderftood rnider 
 
 B 6 
 
iz GRAND GALA. 
 
 two denominations : it is operative and 
 fpeculative. By the former, we allude to 
 the uferui rules of architeclure, whence a 
 ftrufcure derives figure, ftrength and beau- 
 ty; and whence refults due proportion and 
 a jufr correfpondence in all its parts. — 
 By the latter, we learn to fubduc the paf- 
 fions, a£i upon the fquare, keep a tongue 
 of good report, maintain fecrecy, and 
 pT,z&.iic charity. 
 
 Speculative mafonry is fo much inter- 
 woven with religion, as to lay us under the 
 ftrongeft obligations to pay to the Deity 
 that rational homage, which at once confti- 
 tutes the duty and happinefs of mankind. 
 It leads the contemplative to view witJi 
 reverence and admiration the glorious 
 works of the creation, and infpires them 
 
 with the mofl exalted ideas of the per- 
 6 ^ 
 
GRAN n GALA. 13 
 
 fedlions of the great Creator.. — Operative 
 mafonry furnilhes us with dwellings and 
 convenient Ihelters from the viciflitudes 
 and the inclemencies of feafons. It di(plajrs 
 human wifdom in a proper arrangement 
 of materials, and demonftrates that a fuad 
 of fcience and induftry is implanted in tSe 
 rational fpecies for the mofk wife, falu- 
 tary, and beneficent purpofcs. 
 
 The T jpk of time, the ruthlefs hand of 
 ignorance, and the devaftations of ^s(ar» 
 have laid wafte and deftroyed many valu- 
 able monuments of antiquity. Even the 
 temple of king Selemen, fo fpacious and 
 magnificent, aad confcructed by jformanf 
 celebrated artilb, was yet laid in ruint, and 
 cfcaped not the unfparing ravages of bar- 
 barous force. Free-mafonry, notwitf^flan^' 
 ing, has beea able ftill to furvive. I'Ke 
 
14 G R A N D G A L A. 
 
 attentive ear receives the found from the 
 inftrufting tongue, and its facred myftertea 
 are fafcly lodged in the repofitory of faith- 
 ful breads. The tools and implements of 
 architefture, fymbols the moft expreflive f 
 imprint on the memory wife and fenous 
 truths, and tranfmit unimpaired, througK 
 the fucceflion of ages, the exqulfitely in- 
 comparable tenets of this inftitution. 
 
 But to proceed. — Mankind have nei- 
 ther -wifdom to forefee, or power ia 
 prevent, the ev'Is incident to human 
 nature.* but hang in perpetual fufpenfe 
 betwixt hope and fear,, ficknefs and. 
 health, plenty and want, A. iliutual chain 
 of dependence fubfifts throughout the 
 whole creation. Hence the uniyerfal uti- 
 lity of mafonry ! it unites men of the mofti 
 oppofite religions, of the moft diftant 
 
GRAND GALA. 15 
 
 countries, and of the tnoft contradidory 
 opinions, in one indiiDToluble bond of un- 
 feigned afFeflion, and binds them by the 
 ftrongeft ties to fecrecy, morality and 
 virtue. Thus, in every nation a mafon 
 may find a friend, and in every climate 
 he may find a home. 
 
 No eftrangement of behaviour is ob- 
 ferved in the difitrent aflemblies of ma- 
 fons. They rank as children of the fame 
 parent by creation, as brethren bound by 
 the fame tie. Union is cemented by fin- 
 cere attachment ; hypocrify and deceij are 
 unknown; and pleafure is reciprocally 
 communicated by the chearful obfervance 
 of every obliging ofiicc. Such is the na- 
 ture of our venerable inftitution. Virtue 
 the grand objedt in view, luminous as the 
 meridian fun, fliines refulgent on the mind. 
 
16 GRAND GALA, 
 
 enlivens the heart, and converts coal ap- 
 probation into warm fympathy and cordial 
 atterition. 
 
 Our mode of government, as divided 
 into claffes or degrees, under particular 
 reftridions and injuniflions of fidelity, 
 may fufficiently explain the importance of 
 mafonry, and give us a true idea of its 
 nature and defign. 
 
 Three clafies are generally received un- 
 diffcrent appellations. The privileg'es 
 of each are diftinft, and particular means 
 are adopted to preferve thefe privil^es to 
 the juft and meritorious.— Honour and 
 probity are the folc recommendation* to the 
 firft clafs, in which the practice of virtue 
 is enforced, and the duties of morality in- 
 culcated ; while the mind is prepared for 
 fecial converfe* and a regular progrcfi 
 
GRAND GAL A 17 
 
 into the principles of knowlegc and phi- 
 lofophy. — Diligence, affiduity and appli- 
 cation are neceffary qualifications for the 
 fecond clafs, in which an accurate eluci- 
 dation of fciencc, both in t heory and prac- 
 tice, is given -, human reafon is cultivateti 
 by a due exertion of our rational and in • 
 telle^ual powers and faculties j nice and 
 difficult theories, are explwaed ; frcflj dif- 
 coveries are produced, and thofe alTesdy 
 known are beautifully cmbellilhed. — The 
 third clafs confifts of a feledled few, whona 
 truth and fidelity have diltinguilhed, whom 
 years and experience have improved, and 
 whom merit and abilities have intitled to 
 preferment. With them the ancient land- 
 marks are preferved ; and from them we 
 learn and pradlif^ thofe neceflary and in- 
 ftruclive leflbns which dignify the facred 
 art. and qualify its governors to convince 
 
i8 GRANDdALA. 
 
 the unenlightened part of mankind of Its 
 excellence and utility. 
 
 Tins is oil): cftablifeed mode of govem- 
 ment, when we aft in conformity to our 
 rules j hence ttue friendfliip is cuftivated 
 between different ranks and degrees <jf 
 men, hofpitality promoted, induftry re- 
 warded, ingenuity encouraged, and all un- 
 TteceiTary diftinftions are loft in the gene- 
 ral good.. 
 
 If the privileges of mafonry are fo va- 
 luable, as to intitle their poflcflbrs to re- 
 fped and efteem, by promoting virtue 
 and rewarding merit-, why are not their 
 good effefts more confpicuous, and 
 why are they not publicly expofed for 
 the general advantage of mankind ?— 
 If our privileges wtre common, and in- 
 
d RAND GALA. 19 
 
 difcriminatcly beftowcci, the defign of 
 the inftitution would not only be fub- 
 verted, but being familiar, like fome 
 other important matters, it would lofe its 
 value, and fink into difregard. — Ic is a 
 weaknefs in human nature, that men are 
 generally more charmed with novelty, than 
 the real worth or intrinfic value of things. 
 This is not confined to mafonry-, even the 
 operations of nature, though, beautiful, 
 magnificent and ufeful, are overlooked be- 
 caufe common and familiar. The fun rifes 
 and fets, the fea ftows and reflows, rivers 
 glide along their channels, trees and plants 
 vegetate, msn and beafts aft, and all thefe, 
 ever prefcnt to our eyes, yet remain unno- 
 ticed, and excite not one fingle emotion, ei- 
 ther in admiration of the great caufe, or of 
 gratitude for the blefllings conferred. Even 
 
20 G R A N D G A L A. 
 
 virtue itfelf is not exempted froin this 
 unhappy bias in the conftitution of man- 
 kind. Novelty influences ail our aftions, 
 all our determinations. Every thing that is 
 new or difficult in the acquifition, how- 
 ever trifling or iniignificant» readily capti- 
 vates the imagination, and enfures a tem- 
 porary admiration ; whik what is familiar, 
 or eafily attained, however noble, or emi- 
 nent for utility, is fure to be difregardccj 
 by the giddy and the unthinking. 
 
 It is a truth, too obvious to be con- 
 cealed, that the privileges of mafonry 
 have been too common. Hence we may 
 afllgn a reafon why their good effedhs 
 are not more confpicuous. — Several 
 perfons enrol their names in our records 
 merely to oblige their friends; and re- 
 flect not on the confequences of fuch a 
 
GR AN D GALA. 21 
 
 meafure, nor enquire into the nature of 
 their particular engagements. Not a few 
 are proinpted by motives of iriterell ; and 
 many are introduced with no better view 
 than to pleafe as good companions. A 
 general odium, or at leaft a carelefs indifFe- 
 Tcnce, is the refult of fuch conduft. — Bui 
 here the evil flops not. — Thefe perfons, 
 ignorant of our noble principles, probably 
 without any real defeft in their own 
 morals, are led to recommend others of 
 the fame caft with themfelves for the fame 
 purpofe. Thus, behold the end ! the moft 
 facred part of mafonry is turned into fcoft 
 and ridicule, and the fuperficial praftices 
 of a luxurious age bury in oblivion prin- 
 ciples which have dignified princes, and 
 the mo/l exalted characters. 
 
22 GRANDdALA. 
 
 If our fecrcrs or peoillar forms conili- 
 tuted the effcncc of the zrt, it might with 
 fome degree of propriety be alleged that 
 our amufements were trifling, a:od our cere- 
 monies abfurd. But this the fkilful well- 
 informed mafon knows to be falfe, He 
 draws them to a nearer infpeftion ; he ad- 
 verts to the circurrrftances which gave rife 
 to them ; he confiders and dwells upon 
 the excellent IcffoBS they inculcate ; and 
 finding, thsm replete with ufeful know- 
 legCj he adopts them as keys to our privi- 
 iegcs, and prizes them as facrcd. Thus 
 he is convinced of the propriety of our 
 folemnities, and candidly acknowledges 
 their value from their utility. 
 
 Many have been deluded by the vague 
 fuppofition that the myfteries of mafonry 
 were merely nominals that the pracliccs 
 
G R A N D G A L A. 23 
 
 eftablifhed amongft us were "niglit and 
 -fuperlicial, and that our ccrempnies were 
 of fuch trifling import, a? to be adopted or 
 waved at pleafure. Having paflcd through, 
 the ufual formalities, they have accepted 
 offices, and alTumed the gov<irnrn.Wt of 
 l-odges, equally unacquainted with the 
 duties of the trufts repofed in them, and 
 the defign of the fociety they pretended 
 to govern. The confeqnence is obvious 5 
 anarchy and confufion enfue, and the fiib- 
 llaace is lofb in the fhadow. — ^Thus men 
 eminent for ability, for rank and fortune, 
 view with indifference the diftinguifhcd ho- 
 nors of mafonry, and either accept offices 
 with reluflance, or rejedt tliem witii difdain. 
 
 Such are the difadvantageS under which 
 mafonry has Jong laboured. Every zea- 
 lous friend to the fociety mull earncftly 
 
U GRAND GALA. 
 
 wiih for a reformation of thefc abufes. 
 Of late years, to the hoaor of our orefent 
 patrons, let it be acknowledged, that 
 under their anfpices our aflemblies have 
 been Ijetter regulated. 
 
 The good efFedls of prefcrving order and 
 decorum, promoting harmony, and incul- 
 cating a due obedience to the general re- 
 gulations of mafonry, are too obvious to 
 require a laboured elucidation ; and of this 
 the flourifliing ftate of feveral Lodges who 
 have adopted a regular plan of governments 
 are convincing proofs. I am firmly per- 
 fuaded, if the brethren who have the honor 
 to pefide over Lodges, were properly ap- 
 prized of the duties of their refpedire 
 offices, a general reformation would foon 
 take place. This hint may probably be 
 
GRAND GALA. 25 
 
 produftive of good confequences, as a ftep 
 fo laudable miift evince to the world the 
 propriety of our feveral appointments, 
 and lead them to acknowledge, that fome- 
 timcs at leaft our honors are defcrvcdly 
 bellowed. Thus the ancient luftrc of our 
 refpeftable fraternity will be happily re- 
 ftored, and our fyftem of government uni- 
 verfally applauded ; virtue being duly en- 
 couraged, and merit properly rewarded. 
 
 Permit me to clofe my oration with a 
 few obfervations on Charity, the diftin- 
 guilhing charafteriftic of our order. 
 
 Charity is the chief of every focial 
 
 virtue. It includes not only a fupreine 
 
 degree of love 10 the great Creator and 
 
 Governor of the univerfe, but an unli- 
 
 C 
 
25 GRAND GALA. 
 
 mited afFedion to beings of all chafaders 
 and every denomination -, which laft duty 
 is forcibly inculcated by the example of the 
 Deity himfelf, who fo liberally difpenies 
 his beneficence to unnumbered worlds. 
 
 The bounds of the greateft natiot^, of 
 the moft extenfive empire, cannot circum- 
 fcribe the generofity of a liberal mind* 
 Mankind, in whatever fituation they ar^ 
 placed, are ftill, in a great meafure, the 
 fame ; they are expofed to fimilar dangers 
 and misfortunes ; and confequently the 
 -whole human fpecies are proper objcfts 
 for the exercife of this glorious virtue. 
 Beings who partake of one common na- 
 ture, ought ever to be aduated by the fame 
 inotives and interefts. Hence to foothe 
 the unhappy, by fympatbifing with their 
 misfortunes ; and to reftore peace and 
 
GRAND GALA. i; 
 
 tranquillity to agitated fpirits, canftitute 
 the general and great ends of our inftitu* 
 tion. This humane, this generous difpo- 
 fition, fires the breaft with the moft manly 
 feelings, and enlivens that fpirit of com- 
 paflion, which is the glory of the human 
 frame, and v/hich not only rirals, but out- 
 Jhines, every other pleafurc the mind is 
 capable of enjoying. 
 
 All human paflions, if dlrcfted by the 
 fupcrior principle of reafon, tend to pto- 
 motc fome ufcful purpofe j biit compat 
 fion, exerted on proper objefts, is the moft 
 beneficial of all other affeftions ; it ex- 
 tends to greater numbers, and excites the 
 moft lafting degTces of happinefs. 
 
 If may appsar, indeed, unneccffary to 
 
 ;•;. commend the pradlice of this virtue to 
 
 an affembly of men univerfally famed for 
 C % 
 
a8 GRAND GALA. 
 
 difinierefled liberality. When we confider, 
 however, the variety of perlbns who pre- 
 fcnt themfelves at our different meetinjgs, 
 vfhofe feen^ing diftrefs the didtates of na- 
 ture, as well as the ties of mafonry, incline 
 •us not only to pity but relieve, it may be 
 firopcr to fay fomething on the fybjetft ; 
 left the tendernefs of oor difpofitions, and 
 the gerlerofity of our hearts, Itiould pre- 
 vent our inquiring into the caufe of their ■ 
 misfortunes, or making a proper diftinc- 
 tion in the choice of objefts. Thouo-h 
 our hearts and ears are ever imprefled with, 
 and open to the diftrefles of the deferving 
 poor, yet our charity ought not to be mif- 
 applied, noi* our bounty difpenfed with a 
 profufe lilberaliry on thofe wjho probably 
 may make ufe of mafonry as a clplte to 
 cover thcic inipoft^rea. 
 
GRAND GALA. 39 
 
 It cannot be laid, we meet only in order 
 to indulge in convivial mirth, while the poor 
 and needy pine for relief : Our quarterly 
 diftributions, exclufive of the private fub- 
 fcriptions in our different Lodges, to re- 
 lieve diftrefs, will prove the contrary. 
 We are always ready cheerfully to con- 
 tribute, in proportion to our circum- 
 flances, to alleviate the foffcrings of our 
 fellow- creatures. But thofe who are bur- 
 dened with a numerous offspring, and 
 through age, ficknefs, infirmity, or fonie 
 unforefcen accident in life, are reduced to 
 poverty and wjnt -, particularly claim our 
 attention, and feldom fail to experience 
 the happy efFefts of our fraternal afToci- 
 ations. We conlider their fituation as 
 more e^fy to be conceived than exprefled, 
 and are induced liberally to extend our 
 C 3 
 
30 G R A N D G A L A. 
 
 charity in their behalf. Thus we give 
 convincing proofs of our wiftlom and dif- 
 cernmcnt ; for though our benevolence is 
 as our laws unlimited, yet our hearts glow 
 principally with affbdion toward the de- 
 ferving part of mankind. 
 
 To conclude.-!-May all private animo- 
 fities, if any fhould exift aiT^ongft mafons, 
 be buried in perpetual oblivion, and peace 
 ^nd fellowfliip take up their refidence 
 among uSt Uniting in the grand defign 
 let us be firft happy ourfelves, and then 
 endeavour to make others fo. On every 
 occafion let us preferve a noblenefs and 
 juftnefs of undetftanding, a politenefs of 
 manhcr» and an evennefs of temper. Let 
 our recreations be innocent and purfued 
 with moderationj and never let ua fuflfer 
 irregular indulgences to expofe our cha- 
 
G RAND G A LA. 31 
 
 /acler to derifion : Let our conduct be 
 conform.ible to our precepts, and let us 
 fupport .with becoming dignity the name 
 we have alwr.ys borne, of being the moft 
 rcfpecftable, the mull: regular, and the moft 
 uniform Society under the Sun. 
 
 I Ihall not longer interrupt the bufinefs 
 of the evening ; but I routt beg to be per- 
 mitted to exprefs my earnell withes for the 
 honor and profpferity of this fociety ; tlrat 
 all our patronj may ergoy a feries of happy 
 years ; and that peace and plenty reionir^g 
 among us, our facred. principles may 
 diffufe their influence to the moll diftant 
 regions, and our meritorious deeds give 
 occafion for future ages to beftow on us 
 the fandioji of their warmeft approbation. 
 
 [■T'oajh The Grand Mastep 
 
 Fhtiriffj with hotrs.J^ 
 C ^ 
 
EXPLANATION of the PLAN. 
 
 A, B, C, D. The Extent of the Room. 
 
 E. The Grand Mafter on a Throne, elevated i J Foot. 
 
 F. The Deputy Grand Matter. 
 
 G. The Paft Grand Mafter. 
 II. The Paft Grand Officers. 
 I. The Grand Wardens. 
 
 K. Rcfpeftable Perfonages. 
 
 L. Stewards for the Gala, with white Rods. 
 
 M. The l^dge. 
 
 N. The Mafter of the Lodge, 
 
 O. The Affiflants to the Mafter of the I^odge. 
 
 P. The Pedeftal, with the Furniture, Aegalia, &c. oA 
 
 a crimfbn Velvet Culhion with Gold TalTels. 
 Qj_ A rich Carpet. 
 
 f. Two Stands covered with green Baize. 
 K. Brethren feated in &ie~form, 
 S. Tables covered with green Baize. 
 T. Gallery for the Mufic. 
 V. Two Side-tables ;proj)eriy furnilhed, 
 W. ■Repofitory for Wine, 
 X. Door of the Room. 
 Y, Grand Entrance for tTw Proceflion, 
 a, a. Three great Lights properly elevated. 
 
GRAND GALA. 33 
 
 ODE. 
 
 Sung by Brothers Du Bellamy, Burton 
 aqd Re ILLY, accompanied with the 
 inftrijmcnts. 
 
 WAKE thfc lute and quiv'ring ftrings, 
 Myftic truths Urania brings j 
 Friendly vifitant, to thee 
 We owe the depths of Masonry ; 
 Faireft of the virgin choir. 
 Warbling to the golden lyre. 
 Welcome, here thy Art prevail : 
 Hail ! divine Urania, hail ! 
 
 Here, in Friendfhip's facred bower, 
 The downy wing'd, and fmiling hour. 
 Mirth invites, and focial fong, 
 Namelefs myftcries among,; 
 Crown the bowl and fill the glafs. 
 To every virtue, every grace, 
 C 5 
 
34 GRANP GALA. 
 
 To the Brotherhood relbund 
 Health, and let it thrice go round. 
 
 We reftore the times of old. 
 The blooming glorious age of gold j 
 As the new creation free, 
 Bleft with gay Euphrofine ; 
 We with god-like Science talk. 
 And with fair Aftrea v/aik ; 
 Innocence adorns the day. 
 Brighter than the fmiks of May, 
 
 Pour the rofy wine again, 
 Wake a louder, louder ftrain 5 
 Rapid Zephyrs, as ye fly, 
 Waft our voices to the ftv ; 
 While we celebrate the Nine, 
 And the woniders of the Trine ; 
 While the Anoels fing above, 
 As we beloMf, of I'eace aiid Lovi-< 
 
 [Torf/?. The Deputy Grand Master' 
 and Gr-and Wardens. J 
 
GRAND GALA, 
 
 FIRST LECTURE. 
 SECTION I. 
 
 Brother G L I D D O N, as W. M. 
 
 Farmer," 
 
 *AffillantS, 
 
 SONG. 
 
 [Tuney God fave the King. J 
 
 Sung by Brothers Burton and REiJULy* 
 
 HAIL, Masonry divine ! 
 Glory of ages fhine. 
 
 Long may'ft thou reign : 
 Where'er thy Lodges ftand, 
 May they have great command 
 And always grace the land. 
 
 Thou Art divine 
 C 6 
 
36 GR ANp GALA. 
 
 Great fabrics ftill arife. 
 And gracte the azure ikies, 
 
 Great are thy fchemes : 
 Thy noble orders are 
 Matchlefs beyond compare j 
 No Art with tjiee can fliarcj 
 
 Thou Art divine f 
 
 KiTarn-. the arehitcfl:, 
 Pi4 alj th& Craft dired 
 
 H(m they ih«uld build ; 
 *' * Sol'mott^ great ifr'ers king " 
 " Did mighty blefliags bring, 
 *^ And left us room to fmg, 
 
 » Hail, royal Art 1 
 
 * Chrus tjira times^ 
 
 [Tsafi AH Mafons, both an cient and young. 
 
 Who govern their paflionS and 
 bridle tlieit* tongue.] 
 
GRAND GALA. 37 
 
 SECTION II. 
 
 Brotlicr PRESTON, as W. M. 
 Gliddon. "1 
 
 DOBBS, I 
 
 White, J 
 
 REMARK. 
 
 Here Brother Preston pbferved, that 
 it was a duly incumbent on every Mailer 
 of a Lodge, previous to the initiation of a 
 candidate into mafonry, to inform him of 
 the purpjfe and defign of the mfti^ufiop j 
 to CKplain the natur« of his folemn wgage; 
 ments and, in a manner peculiar to 
 mafons alone to require his cheerful 
 lifauiefcence to the dunes of morality and 
 virtAie, and all the facred tenets of the 
 OrOer. 
 
GRAND GALA. 
 
 SOLEMN AIR. 
 
 The heart that conceals, and the 
 tongue that never reveals any 
 of the fecrets of Mafonry.] 
 
 SECTION III. 
 
 Brother BOTTOMLEY, 
 W. M. of the Stewards Lodge, as W. M. 
 
 , Capt. Smith, 
 
 Smith, T 
 
 W£LLS, Lfliftants. 
 
 IE, J 
 
 Hill, 
 Led 
 
 ANTHEM. 
 [Brother Du Bellamy, SdIo.'] 
 Grant us, kind Heav'n,whatwe requeft.. 
 In Mafonry let us be bleft ; 
 Dircft us to that happy place 
 Where friendftiip fmiles in ev'ry face : 
 "Where Freedom and fweet Innocence 
 Enlarge the mind and cheer the fenfe. 
 
GRAND GALA. ^9 
 
 Where fcepter'd Reafon, from her throne., 
 Surveys the Lodge, and makes iis one j 
 And Harmony's delightful fw;iy 
 For ever flieds ambrafial day ; 
 
 Where we bleft Eden's plealure tafte 
 Whilft balmy joys are our repail: 
 
 No prying eye can view us here ; 
 
 No fool or knave difturb our cheer: 
 
 Our well-form'd laws fet mankind free. 
 
 And give relief to Mifery r 
 
 The Poor, opprefs'd with woe and grief 
 Gain from our bounteous hands relief. 
 
 Our Lodge the fecial Virtues grace. 
 And Wifdom's rules we fondly trace; 
 Whole Nature, open to our view. 
 Points out the paths we fhould purfue 
 Let us fubfifl in lafting peace. 
 And may oi.'r happinefs increafc. 
 
 [Taaft. All Mnfonj who honour the Order 
 by conforming to its rules.] 
 
40 GRAND GALA. 
 
 SECTION IV. 
 Brother PRESTON, as W. M. 
 
 GLfDDOff, "J 
 
 .AfTiftants. 
 
 PuCH, [ 
 
 DOBBS, ( 
 
 White, J 
 
 TRIO, Clarionets and Baflbon. 
 
 [Tpajt, May we all arrive at the fummit 
 of Mafonry, and may the juft 
 never fail of their reward.] 
 
 SECTION V- 
 Brother G L I D D O N, as W. M, 
 
 Preston, 
 
 Allcock, , , ^„ 
 
 >Affiflra«t? 
 PvcH, 
 
 Doeusj 
 
GRAND GALA. 41 
 
 SONG. 
 
 Sung by Brother Gliddon. 
 
 {Tune, Attic Fire.] 
 
 ARISE, and blow thy trumpet, Fame ! 
 Free-Mafonry aloud proclaim, 
 
 To realms and worlds unknown : 
 Tell them of mighty David's fon. 
 The wife, the matchlefs Solotnon, 
 
 Priz'd far above his throne. 
 
 The folemn temples cloud-capt towers. 
 Th' afpiring domes are works of ours. 
 
 By us thofe piles were rais'd : 
 Then bid mankind with fongs advance, 
 Apd tlirough tK* ethereal vaft expanfe, 
 
 Let Mafonry be prais'd. 
 
 "Wc help the poor in time of need. 
 The naked clothe, the hungry feed, 
 Tis our foundation ftone : 
 
42 G R A N D G A L A. 
 
 « * Vf e build upon the nobleft plan 5 
 " For friendfhip rivets man to man, 
 " And makes us all as one," 
 
 Still louder. Fame, thy trumpet blow 
 Let all the diftant regions know 
 
 Free-Mafonry is thjs, 
 Almighty Wifdom gave it birth, 
 And Heav'n has fix'd it ,here on earth 
 
 A type of future blifs. 
 
 l^oaft. To the memory of the holy Lodge 
 of St. John.] 
 
 SECTION VI. 
 Brother W H I T E, as W. M 
 
 BOTTOMLEY,. 
 
 ±iOTTOMLEy,.^ 
 
 GUDDON^ 1 
 PUGH, J 
 
 A 1 R. [Sprightly.} 
 
 * Chorus three times inform 
 
GRAND GALA. 43 
 
 CHARGE 
 
 ON THE 
 
 B E H A V I O U R of M A S O N S. 
 
 Rehearfed by Brother Prestov. 
 
 When the Lodge is clofed, you may 
 enjoy yourfelves with innocent mirth ; but 
 you are carefully to avoid exccfs — You 
 arc not to compel any brother to aft con- 
 trary to his inclination, nor to give offence 
 by word or deed, but enjoy a free and eafy 
 converfation. — You are to ufe no immoral 
 or obfcene dlfcourfe, but fuppprt with 
 propriety the dignity of your character. 
 
 You are to be cautious in your words 
 and carriage, that the moft penetrating 
 ftranger may not be able to difcover, or 
 find out, what is not proper to be inri 
 
44 GRAND GALA. 
 
 mated j and fometimes you are to divert 
 a difcourfe and manage it prudently, for 
 the honor of the fraternity. 
 
 At home, and in your feveral neigh- 
 bourhoods, you arc to behave as wife and 
 moral men. You are never to commu- 
 nicate to your families, friends or acquaint- 
 aftce, the private tranfaftions of our dif- 
 ferent aflemblies , but upon every occa- 
 fipn confult your own honor, and the re- 
 putation of the fociety at large. 
 
 You are to ftudy the prefervation of 
 your healths, by avoiding irregularity and 
 intemperance, left: your families are ne- 
 glecfted and injured, or yourfelves dif- 
 
 ai)led from attending to your ncceflary em 
 ployments. 
 
GRAND GALA. 45 
 
 If a ftrange brother applies ia tliat cha- 
 rader, you are caUtioufly to examine him 
 in fuch a method as prudence may direft, 
 and agreeable to the forms eftablifhed 
 amongftmafons ; that you may not be im- 
 pofed upon by an ignorant falfe pretender, 
 whom you are to rqeit with contempt, and 
 beware of giving him any hint? of know- 
 ledge. But if you difcover him to be a true 
 and genuine ^brother, you are to refpedt 
 him accordingly ^ if he is in want, yoo 
 are to relieve him, if you can, or direc'^ 
 him how he may be relieved -, you are 
 to employ him, or recommend him to be 
 emptoyed: however, you are never charged 
 to do beyond yoyr abiUtjr j only to prefer 
 a poor trother, who is a good man and 
 true, before any other poor pet?ple in 
 the fame circuraftances. 
 
4^ GRAND GALA. 
 
 Filially, Thefe rules you are always to 
 obferve and enforce, and alfo thofe duties 
 Vs'hich have been communicated in the 
 ledture*, cultivating brotherly love, the 
 foundation and capeftone, the cement and 
 glory of this ancient fraternity ; avoidingj 
 upon every occafion, wrangling and quar- 
 relling, flander and backbiting; not 
 permitting others to ilander your honeft 
 brethren, but defending their charadlcrs, 
 and doing them all good offices, as far as 
 may be confiftent with your honour and 
 fafety, but no farther. Hence all may fee 
 tTie benign influence of mafonry, as a|ltrue 
 ■maforjs have done from the beginning of 
 the T/oild, and w"ill do to tTie end of time. 
 
 yinien. So mote it be. 
 
 ' An iil';go:-ioa] eJucifJat'inti of the d\ities of 
 tmoraiiiy, praftifed ia all regular lodges. 
 
G R A N D G A L A. 47 
 
 [foitji. May the cardinal virtues, with the 
 grand principles of Mafonry, always 
 diftinguiHi us ; may we be liappy to 
 meet, happy to part, and happy to 
 meet again.] 
 
 SONG 
 
 COME let us prepare. 
 
 We brothers that are 
 Affembled on noble occafion : 
 
 Let's be happy and fing. 
 
 For Life is a Spring 
 To a Free and an Accepted Mafort. 
 
 The world is in pain 
 
 Our fecrets to gain, 
 And ftill let them wonder and paae on t 
 
 They ne'er can divine 
 
 Tlie Word or the Sign 
 Of a Free and an Accepted Mafon. 
 
4? GRAND GALA. 
 
 'Tis this and 'tis that, 
 
 They cannot tell what. 
 Why fo many great ffien of the nation 
 
 Should aprons put on^ 
 
 To make themfelves one 
 "With a Free and an Accepted Mafbn. 
 
 Great kings, dukes, and lords. 
 
 Have laid by their fwords, 
 Oar myftVy to put a good grace on ; 
 
 And ne'er been afham'd 
 
 To hear themfelves nam'd 
 With a Free and an Accepted Mafon, 
 
 Antiquity's pride 
 
 We have on our fide. 
 And it maketh m^n jullin their ftarion; 
 
 There's nought but what's good 
 
 To be under (tood 
 By a Free and an Accspted Mafon, 
 
GRAND GALA. 49 
 
 We're true and fincere. 
 
 And jult to the fair ; 
 They'll truft us on any occafion: 
 
 No mortal can more 
 
 The ladies adore. 
 Than "a Free and an Accepted Mafon. 
 
 Then join hand in hand. 
 
 By each brother firm ftand, 
 Let's be merry and put a bright face on 
 
 What mortal can boaft 
 
 So noble a toaft 
 As a Free and an Accepted Mafon s 
 
 Chorus. 
 No mortal can boaft 
 So noble a toaft 
 As a Free and an Accepted Mafon* 
 D 
 
50 GRAND GALA. 
 
 Brother PR£STO^f, in the name of the 
 Committee oif Stewards appointed for the 
 Gala, returned thanks to the Grand 
 OrrtcERS for the honor of their com- 
 pany* and fainted them in due form. 
 The compliment was returned by the 
 Grand Master in the chair, who ex- 
 prefled his great approbation of the regu- 
 larity of the whole proceedings. 
 
 All bufinefs being over, the Lodge was 
 clofed by command of the Grand Matter 
 in tlie ufual form. 
 
 Brother Preston, as W.M. 
 GtiDboii, as S. W. 
 PuGH, as J. W. 
 
 The grand officers, preceded by the 
 ftewards for the occafion, and attended by 
 
G R A N D G A L A, ii 
 
 feveral refpeftable perfdnages, then ad- 
 journed to flipper, an elegant entertain- 
 ment beirig provided at the expence of 
 the ftewards ; and the evening was con 
 eluded with the greateft joy and fcftivity. 
 
 Da 
 
52 G R A N D G A L A. 
 
 REMARKS 
 
 O N T H E 
 
 FIRST, LECTURE 
 
 O F 
 
 MASONRY. 
 
 By Brother PRESTON. 
 
 Ti yf ASONRY is juftly confidercd as an art 
 equally ufeful and extenfive. It 
 mufl: be allowed, that in all arts there is a 
 myftery; which, being difcovered, requires 
 a gradual progreflion of knowlege to attain 
 to any degree of perfeftion in them. With- 
 out much inftruftion, and more exercife, 
 no man can be fkilful in any art ; in like 
 manner, wthouf an affiduous application 
 
G R A N D G A L A. 53 
 
 to the various feftions comprehended in 
 the different lefturcs of mafonry, no per- 
 fon can be fiifficiently acquainted with its 
 true value. 
 
 I would not, however, have it inferred 
 from this remark, that thofe mafons who 
 labour under the difadvantages of a con- 
 fined education, or whofe fphere of life 
 requires a more intenfe application to bufi- 
 nefs or ftudy, (hould be difcouraged in 
 their endeavours to gain a knowlege of 
 mafonry : I only mean, tliat it is not abfo- 
 lutely neccflaty to be acquainted with the 
 more intricate pacts of the fcience, to 
 qualify an individual to enjoy the benefits 
 of the fociety, and to partalce of its 
 privileges. 
 
 Some are more dexterous and artificial 
 than others, fome more expert, fome more 
 D 3. 
 
54 GRAND GALA. 
 
 eminent, fome more ufefiil ; yet all, in 
 their different fpheres. may prove advan- 
 tageous to the coitimunity ; anc? our nece& 
 , fities as well aS our confciences bind us to 
 love one another. It is certain that the 
 induftrioiis tradefman proves himfelf a 
 very ufeful meriibcr of fociety, and worthy 
 of every honor the craft can confer ; yet 
 flill it mu|i be allowed, that thofe who, 
 l?y accepting offices, ejtercife authority, 
 flioold be. properly qualified to difcharge 
 it with honor to themfelves, and credit 
 to their different ftafians.— <A11 men are 
 not bleiTed with the feme powei's, all men 
 have not <he fame advantages : All men 
 therefore are not equally qualified to go- 
 vern. — Mafonry is founded upon too no- 
 ble, too generous principles, to admit of 
 difquietu^ and variance among its pro- 
 
G R A N D GALA. 55 
 
 fcflbrs ; neither arrogance and prefumption 
 appear on the one handj nor diffidence and 
 inability on the other. True friendfhip 
 is cultivated among the drfFerent ranks of 
 nn«n, and that endearing happin^fs pro* 
 mated, which conftitutcs the efftnce of 
 civil fociet/. 
 
 In the firft Icfture of mafonry, which 
 paints virtue in the moft beautiful co- 
 lours^ and enforces the duties of morality 
 we are taught fuch ufcful leffons as pre- 
 pare our minds for a regular progrefs in 
 the principles of knowlege and philofo- 
 phy. Thefc arc imprinted on the memory 
 by lively and fenfible images, to inflvi- 
 ence our conduft in the proper difchargc 
 of the duties of focial life. Of this truth, 
 no one converfant in the different fee- 
 D4 
 
56 G R A N D G A L A. 
 
 tions contained in this lefture can plead 
 ignorance ; though it muft be acknow- 
 ledged, however ftrange it may appear, 
 that many, diftinguifhed for their know- 
 ledge in mafonry, have too often been 
 difpofed to violate its laws, and even to 
 difregard thofe incomparable precepts, to 
 which a pretended conformity may have 
 gained them appianfe. But 1 mean not 
 this as a refleftion on any individual, only 
 as a friendly admonition, tliat our practice 
 and profeffion fhould at all times perfeftly 
 coincide. 
 
 I fliall now proceed to explain the 
 mode of arrangement of the different fec- 
 tions contained in the ledurc of the 
 firft degree of mafonry as mentioned in 
 the preceding pages, and which, to the 
 honor of my kind afliftants at the Gala. 
 
GRAND GALA 57 
 
 were difplayed to the beft advantage on 
 that occaGon. 
 
 The firft feftion of mafonry is fuited to 
 all capacities, and may and ought to be 
 known to every one who wiflics to rank 
 as a member of this fociety. It confifts 
 of general heads, which, though fhort and 
 fimple, vet carry weight along with them ; 
 and fcrve not only as marks of diflinftion, 
 but communicate ufeful and interefting 
 knowlege when duly examined. They 
 qualify us to try and examine the rights 
 of others to our privileges, while they 
 prove our own ; and as they induce us to 
 enquire more minutely into other parti- 
 culars of greater importance, they ferve as 
 an introduftion to topics more amply 
 elucidated in the following fedions, 
 D 5 
 
58 GRAND GALA. 
 
 The fecond feftion makes us not only 
 acqusiinted with our peculiar fornix and 
 ceremonies, but convinces us, beyond the 
 power of contradidion, of the propriety 
 of our fokmnities $ and dcmonftrates to 
 the moft fteptical ^and hcfitating mind, 
 their excellence and utifity. 
 
 The third feftlon proves us to be regu- 
 lar members of th« fqdetyj and inculcates 
 thofe neceflftTy and inftruflive dvtieav 
 which at once digmfy our char&fters in 
 the double capacity of men andmafons. 
 
 The fourth fe^ion ratbnally accounts 
 for the origin of otir hieroglyphics, and 
 convinces Ws of thofe advantages which 
 ever accompany a faithful obfervancc of 
 ouf duty } it,illuftra.tes at the fanie time 
 
GRAND GALA. 59 
 
 certain particulars, of which our ignorance 
 may lead us into error, and which as ma- 
 fons we arc indtfpcnfably bound to know. 
 
 The fifth feftion informis us concerning 
 the nature and principles of our conftitu- 
 tion, and teaches us to difcharge with 
 propriety the duties of the different de- 
 partments, which wc are nommated to 
 fuftain. Here too, our ornaments are 
 difplayed, our jewels and furniture are fpe- 
 ciHed, and our patrons arc diftinguilhcd. 
 
 The fixth fcftion, though the laft in 
 rank, is not the leaft confiderable in 
 importance. It ftrengthens thefe which 
 proceed, and enforces, in the moft enga- 
 ging manner, a due regard to our cha- 
 radler and beliaviour in public as well as 
 D 6 
 
6o GRAND GALA 
 
 private life ; in our lodges, as well as in 
 the commerce of fociety. 
 
 Such is the mode of arrangement of 
 the difFerent fedions in the firft ledure, 
 which, with the forms adopted at the open- 
 ing and clofing of our aflemblies, compre- 
 hend the whole of the firft degree of 
 mafonry •, which, while it is void of tau^ 
 toiogy, has the fupport of precedent and 
 authority, and the fanftion and refpeft 
 which flow from antiquity. The whole 
 is one regular fyftem of morality, con- 
 ceived in a ftrain of interefting allegory, 
 which unfolds its beauties to the candid 
 and induftrious enquirer. 
 
VINDICATION 
 O F 
 
 MASONRY, 
 
 INCLUDING 
 
 A Demonftration of its Excellency. 
 
ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 ' I '^HE following piece is founded on 
 a difcourie compofed by Brother 
 Chari.es LESLiEj-member of the Vernon 
 Kilwinning Lodge, Edinburgh, and deli- 
 vered by him at the confecration of that 
 Lodge on the 15th of May, 1741, It 
 was publifttcd in the Edinburgh Free- 
 Mafons Pocket Companion of the year 
 
 This ingenious atwhor has difplayed 
 great tafte in the choice of his fubjeft, 
 and h^ handled it with a confiderable 
 fh ve of propriety. In building, however, 
 on the foundation and the materials he 
 has laid and collefted, it appeared to me 
 
 • Publiihed by Auld and Smellie. 
 
ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 neceffary to deviate in a great meafure 
 from his views ; fo that the fuperftrufture 
 I have raifed is to be confidered altnofl 
 entirely as a new work. 
 
 The liberty I have taken, I hope will be 
 freely pardoned, when it is remembered, 
 that it proceeds from an ardent zeal to 
 promote a caufe in the higheft degree im- 
 portant, and interefting to fociety. 
 
 W. PRESTON. 
 
VINDICATION 
 
 O F 
 
 MASONRY. 
 
 TF a man were placed in a beautiful 
 garden, would not his mind, on a calm 
 furvey of its rich colledtions, be afFeited 
 with the moft exquifite delight ? — The 
 groves* the grottoes, the artful wilds, the 
 the flowery parterres, the openhig viftos, 
 the lofty cafcades, the winding ftreatns 
 the whole variegated fcene, would awa^ 
 ken his fenfibility, and infpire his foul 
 with the moft exalted ideas. When hr 
 
66 A VINDICATION 
 
 obferved the delicate order, the nice fym- 
 metry, and beautiful difpofition of every 
 part, which, thpugh feemingly complete 
 in itfelf yet reflefted furprifing and new 
 beauties on the other, lb that nothing 
 could be wanting to make one beautiful 
 whole; with what bewitching fenfations 
 would his mind be agitated I— -A view of 
 this delightful fcene would naturally lead 
 him to admire and venerate the happy 
 ^eims of him who contrived itw 
 
 If tBe produftiotts (rf art can fo forcibly 
 imprefs the human minS with furprife and 
 admiration, with how much greater aflo- 
 nifhment, and with what more profound 
 reverence muft we behold the objcfts of 
 naturet which, on every hand, prcfent to 
 our view unbounded fcenes of pleafure- 
 
O F M A S O N R Y. S^ 
 
 and delight, in which divinity and wifdom 
 are alike confpicuous r The fccnes which 
 fhe difphys, are indeed too expanded for 
 the narrow capacity of man ; yet it is eafy 
 from the uniformity of the whole to com- 
 prehend what may lead to the true fource 
 of happinefs, the grand Author of exift- 
 ence, the fupreme Governor of the world, 
 the one perfedt and unfulUed beauty 
 
 Befides all the gaieties and pleafing 
 profpedVs which every where furround us, 
 and with which our lenfes are every mo- 
 ment gratified ; befides the fymmetry, 
 good order, and proportion that appear in 
 the whole works of the creation, there is 
 fomcthing farther that affefts the refledl- 
 ifig mind, and draws its attention nearer 
 to the divinity, the univerlal harmony 
 
68 A VINDICATION. 
 
 and affe(5tion which fubfifl; throughovit 
 the different fpecies of beings of every 
 rank and denomination. Thefe are the 
 fure cements of the rational world, and 
 by thefc alone the rational world fubfifts. 
 Could we think, that it was poffible for 
 them to be dHTolved, nature too, and 
 man, the chief work of God, would fooa 
 return to chaos, and univerfal ruin enfue. 
 
 If we look around us, we hall Hnd, 
 that in the whole order of beings, from 
 the feraph that adores and burns, dowa. 
 to the moft inconfiderabte infeft, all, ac- 
 cording to their proportion in the fcale of 
 exiftence, have, more Or lefs, innplanted 
 in them by wife nature, thfe principle of 
 uniting with others of the fame fpecies 
 with themfelvcs. Do we not obferve fome 
 
O F M A S O N R Y. (J9 
 
 of even the moil inconfidcrable animals 
 formed into different ranks and focicties 
 for the benefit and protedlion of each 
 other ? Need I nanne the careful ant, or 
 the induftrious bee ? infefts which the 
 wifefl of men has recommended as a pat- 
 tern of unwearied induftry and prudent • 
 forefight. 
 
 If we raife our ideas higher, we fhall 
 find that this innate principle of friends 
 Ihip arifcs in proportion as the objeds 
 feem to advance nearer to the degree of 
 rational. There can be no better way of 
 judging of the fuperiority of one part of 
 the animal creation above the other, 
 than by obferving what degrees of kind- 
 nefs and feeming good-nature they enjoy. 
 However, I fhall here paufe, and refer the 
 
70 A VINDICATION 
 
 difcunion of this philofophical difquifition 
 to fome more refifted genius, of fuperior 
 parts and abilities. 
 
 To confine my fubje£t to the rational 
 fpecies : let us think and meditate on thefe 
 benevolent difpofrtions and good temper of 
 foul which indulgent nature has fo kindly 
 beftowed upon us. As human nature 
 rifes in the fcale of things, fo do the fecial 
 affedtions likewife arife. Do we not feel 
 \n our breafts a ftrong propenfity to 
 frienclftip ? Enjoy we not a pleafure when 
 jt is firm and cemented, and feel we not 
 2 pain when it deadens or declines.- What 
 fweetens life, but friendihip? vrhat di- 
 verts care, but friehdlhip? what allevi- 
 ates pain, or makes forrow fraile, but 
 ftieiidftiip ? faered, holy friendfhip 1 
 
OF MASONRY 71 
 
 The pfogrefs offiriendfhip is not con- 
 fined to the ntttovr circle of private con« 
 neftionSi but is univerfal, and extends to 
 every- branch of the human race. Though 
 its influence is unbounded,' yet it exerts, 
 itfelf more or lefs vehemently as the ob- 
 jci^rs it favours are nearer or more remote. 
 Hence fprlngs true patrloiifm, which fires 
 the foul with the moft generous flame, 
 creates the befl: and moft difinterefted 
 virtue, and infpires that public fpirit and 
 heroic ardour, which enables us to fup- 
 port a good caufe, and rifk our lives in 
 its defence. 
 
 This commendabte virtue crowns the 
 lover of his country with unfading laurels, 
 gives a luftre to all his aftions, and 
 
72 A VINDICATION 
 
 confccrates his name to lateft ages. 
 The warrior's glory may confift in mur- 
 der, and the rude ravage of the defolating 
 fword :, but the blood of thoufands will 
 not ftain the hands of his country's friend. 
 His virtues are open, and of the nobleft 
 kind. Confcious integrity fupports him 
 againft the arm of power ; and Ihould he 
 bleed by tyrant-hands, he glorioufly dies 
 a martyr in the cauie of liberty, and leaves 
 to pofterity an everlafting monument of 
 the grcatnels of his foul. Should I name 
 the firft Brutus, the felf-devoted Decii, or 
 the felf -condemned but unconquerable 
 Cato? 
 
 Friendihip not only appears divine when 
 employed in preferving the liberties of our 
 country, but Ihines with equal fplendor 
 
O F M A S O N R Y. 75 
 
 In the more tranquil hours of life. Be- 
 fore tt rifcs into the noble flame of patriot- 
 ifm, aiming deftruilion aX the beads of 
 tyrants, thundering for liberty, and court- 
 ing dangers in a good caufe we ftiall fee rt 
 calm and moderate, burning with ah even 
 glow, improving the foft hours of peace 
 and heightening the relifh for virtue. — 
 Hence it is that contracts are formed, fo- 
 cieties are inftituted, and the vacant hours 
 of life are cheerfully employed in agree- 
 able company and focial converfation. 
 
 It is thus we may trace from reafon, and 
 
 the nature of things, the wife ends and de- 
 
 figns of the facred inftitution of Mafonry ; 
 
 which not only cultivates and improves a 
 
 real and undifguifed friendftiip among men 
 
 but teaches them the more important 
 E 
 
74 A VINDICATION 
 
 dv5ties of fociety. — 'Vain tberi is each idle 
 jTuriTiife agaiafl; this facred are, which our 
 enemies way either meanly cherifii in their 
 own bofotns, or ignorantly pronfiulgate 
 io fhe uninftrufted world. — By decrying 
 mafonry, they derogate from human na- 
 ture itfeffi and from that good order and 
 wife coilftitution of things, which the 
 almighty Author of the world has framed 
 for the government of mankind, and has 
 cftabHflied as the bafis of the moral fyftem j 
 which, by a fecret but attractive fprce, 
 difpofcSr^ .the human heart to every focia? 
 virtue. Can friendfhip or fodial delights 
 be the objefi of reproach r Can that wis- 
 dom which hoary Time has fanftitied, be 
 the objedl: of ridicule. How mean, how 
 contemptible muft ihck m«o appear, 
 
O F NT A S O N R Y. 75 
 
 who vainly pretend to cenfurc or contemn 
 what they cannot comprehend! The ge- 
 nerous heart will pity ignorance fo afpi- 
 ring and infolent. 
 
 I (hall now proceed, and conGder in 
 what fliape mafonry is of univerfal utility 
 to mankind, how it is reconcilable to the 
 beft policy, why it deferves the gene- 
 ral efteem, and why all men are bound to 
 promote it. 
 
 Abftrafting from the pure pleafurci 
 which arife from a friendlhip fo wifely 
 conftituted, and which it is fcarce pof- 
 fible that any circumftance or occurrence 
 can eraze ; let us confider, that mafonry 
 is a felence confined to no particular 
 
 country, but difFufed over the whole tcr- 
 E 2 
 
76 A V INDICATION 
 reftrial globe. Wherever arts flourifli 
 there it flaurilhes too. Add to this, that 
 by fccret and inviolable figns. carefully 
 prefervcd among ourfclves througliout 
 the world, raafonry becomes an univerfal 
 language. By this means many advan- 
 tages are gained : men of all religions and 
 of all nations are united. The diftant 
 Chinefe, the wild Arab, or the American 
 favage, will embrace a brother Briton j 
 and he will know, that, befides the com- 
 mon ties of humanity, there is ftill a 
 ftronger obligation to engage him to 
 kind and friendly aftions. The fpirit 
 of the fulminating prjcft will be tamed-, 
 and a moral brother, though of a dif- 
 ferent perfuafion, engage his efteem 
 Thus all thofe difputes, whicb embitter 
 
O F M A S O N R Y. 77 
 
 life and four the tempers of msn, frs 
 avoided ; and every face is clad in fmiles, 
 while the common good of all, the gene- 
 ral defign of the crafl is zealoufly pyr- 
 fued. 
 
 Is It not then evident that mafonry is 
 an univerfil advanhige to mankind ? for 
 fure, unlcis difcord and harmony be the 
 fame. It muft be fo. Is.it not likewife 
 reconcilable to the bsft policy ? for it 
 prevents that heat of paflion, and thefe 
 partial animofuies, which different intcrefts 
 too often create, Mafonr^ teaches us to 
 be faithful to our king, and true to our 
 country ; to avoid rurbuknt meafures, and 
 to fubmit with reverence to the deciftons 
 of leglHative pov/er. It is furely then no 
 mean advantage, no trifling acquifition. 
 E3 
 
7& A V I N D I C A T I O N 
 
 to any community or ftate, to have under 
 its power and jurifdidtion, a body of men 
 who are loyal fubjefts!^ pAtrcrvs of fciejice, 
 and frieqds to mankind. 
 
 Does not mafonry, therefore, of itfelf 
 command the higheft regard ? Doe? it 
 nof claim the gceajteft efteem ? Does it 
 not merit the roofl extenfivc patronage ? 
 Without doubt. If all that is good and 
 amiable, if all that is ufefuj to mankind 
 or fociety, be ddciving a wife man's at- 
 tention, mafonry claims it 'm the highcft 
 degree. What beautiful ideas does it in- 
 ipire ? how does it open and enlarge the 
 mind ? and how abundant a fou'cc of 
 fatisfaftion does U afford ? Does it not re- 
 commend univerfal benevolence, and every 
 virtue which can endeai- ons man to ano- 
 
OF MASONRY. 79 
 
 ther ? and is' it not particularly adapted to 
 give the mind the moft difintercfted, the 
 moft generous notions ? 
 
 An uniformity of opinion, not only 
 ufeful in exigencies b«t plcafing in fami- 
 liar life, univerfally prevails among mafons, 
 ftrcngthens all the ties of their fricntKhip, 
 and equally promote loVe and sftccm. — 
 Mafons are brethren, and aniongft bro^ 
 thers there exift no invidious diftin<fViofis. 
 A king is reminded, that although a crown 
 adorns his hejtd, and a fceptre his hajtd, 
 yet the blood in his veins is derived from 
 the cwnmon psrrent of mankind, and is 
 no better than that of the mejuieft of his 
 fubjcAs. Men in inferior ftations are 
 taught to love their fuperjors, when they 
 fee thfcm divefted of their grandeur, atvl 
 
8o A VINDICATION 
 
 condefcending to trace the paths of wif- 
 dom and foJlow virtue, affiftcd by thofs of 
 a rank beneath them. Virtue is true mo- 
 bility and wifdam is the channel by which 
 it Is directed and conveyed. Wifdom and 
 virtue, therefore, arc the great charafter* 
 iftics of tjwibni, 
 
 Mafonry inculcates univerfal lov<? arul 
 benevolence, and difpofes the heartto par- 
 ticular afts of goodnefs. A mafon, pof- 
 fefled of this amiable, this god-like dif- 
 pofition is fhocked at mlfery under every 
 form or appearance. His pity is not only 
 excited, but he is prompted, as far as is 
 confiftent with the rule of prudence, to 
 alleviate the patn of the fufferer and cheer- 
 fully to contribute to his relief. For this 
 end our funds arc raifcd, and our charities 
 
OFMASOKRY. 81 
 
 eftablifhed on the firmed foundation. 
 When a brotlier is in diftrcfs, what heart 
 does not ake ? "When he is hungry, do wt 
 not conv«y hitn food ? Do wc not clothe 
 him when he is naked f Do we notfiy to his 
 relief when he is in trouble. Thus we 
 evince the propriety of the title we afluTne, 
 and demonftratc to the world that the term 
 Brother among mafons is not merely 
 nominal. 
 
 If thefe afts are not ftifficient to recom^ 
 mend fo great and generous a plan, fuch a 
 wife and good fociecy, happy in thcmfclves» 
 and equally happy in the poffcfllon of 
 every focial virtue, nothing which is truly 
 good can prevail. The man who refifts 
 arguments drawn from fuch topics, muft 
 be callous to every noble principle, and 
 loft to all fenfe of honor. 
 E5 
 
82 A VINDICATION 
 
 Neverthelcfs, tfiough the faireft and the 
 beft ideas may be thus imprinted in the 
 mind, there are brethren who, carelefs 
 of their own reputation, difregard the in- 
 ftruilive lefibns of our noble fcience, and 
 by yielding to vice and intemperance, not 
 only diigrace themfelvcs, but refledt dif- 
 honor upon m^fonry in general. It is 
 this unfortunate circumftance which has 
 given rife to thofe fevere and unjuft reflec- 
 tions, which the prejudiced part of man- 
 kind have fo liberally beftowed upon us. 
 But let. these stpoftate brethren know, and 
 lex it be proclaimed to the world at large, 
 that they are unworthy of their truft, and 
 that, whatever name or defignation they af- 
 fume, they are in reality no mafons. It is as 
 polfiblc for a moufc to move a mountain, 
 
O F M A S O N R Y. S3 
 
 or a man to calm the boifterous ocean, as ir 
 is for a principled malbn to commit a dif- 
 honorable a£lion. Mafonry confifts in vir- 
 tuous improvement, in cheerful and inno- 
 cent paftime, and not in lewd debauchery 
 or unguarded cxcefs. 
 
 But though unhappy brethren thus 
 tranfgrefs, no wife man will draw any argu- 
 ment from thence againft the fociety, or 
 urge it as an objedion againft the ioftittuion. 
 If the wicked lives of men were admitted 
 as an argument againft the religion which 
 they profefs, chriftianity itfelf, with all 
 its divine beauties, would be cxpofed 
 to cenfure. Let us therefore endea- 
 vour ftrenuoufly to fupport the dignity of 
 
 our characUrs, and by reforming the 
 E 6 
 
84- A VINDICATION 
 
 abufes which have crept in among us, 
 dirplay mafonry in its primitive luftre, 
 and convince mankind that the fourcc 
 from which it flows, is truly divine. 
 
 It is this conduft which can alone re- 
 trieve the ancient glory of the craft. Our 
 generous and good aftions muft diftin- 
 guifh our title to the privileges of mafonry, 
 and the regularity of our behaviour dif- 
 play their influence and utility. Thus the 
 world will admire our Tandtity of manners, 
 and efleftually reconcile our uniform con- 
 dufil with the incomparable tenets -we 
 profefs to admire. 
 
 As our order is founded upon har- 
 mony, and fubfifts by regularity and pro- 
 
OF MASONRY. as 
 
 portion ; (o our paffions ought to be pro- 
 perly reftrained, and be ever (ubfervient 
 to the dictates of right reafon. As the 
 delicate plcafures of friendfhip harmonize 
 our minds, and exclude rancour, malice, 
 or ill-nature •, fo we ought to live like 
 brethren bound by the fame tie, always 
 cultivating fraternal afFe(5lion, and recon- 
 ciling ourfelvcs to the praftice of thoie 
 duties, which are the bafis on which the 
 Structure we ereft muft be fupported. 
 By improving our mmds m the prin- 
 ciples of morality and virtue, we en. 
 large our undf rftandingi, and more eflfec- 
 tually anfwer the great ends of our 
 exiflence. Such as violate our lawi, 
 or infringe on good order, -we mack 
 with a peculiar odium; and if our mild 
 endeavours to reform their lives fhould 
 
d6 A VINDICATION 
 
 not anfwer the good purpofes intended , 
 we expel them our affemblies^ as unfit 
 members of fociety. 
 
 This is the praSice which fhould uni- 
 verfally prevail among mafons. Our out- 
 v/aid conduft being difcfted by 6Ur in- 
 ward principles, we ftiotild be equally 
 careful to avoid cenfure and reproach. — 
 Ufeful knowlege ought to be the great 
 objeft of our dcfire; for she ways of 
 wifdom are beautiful, and lead to plca- 
 fure. We ought to fearch into na- 
 ture, as the advantage* accruing from 
 fo agreeable a ftudy, wjU atopiy eom- 
 penfate our unwearied afliduity^. — Know- 
 lege muft be attained by degrees, and 
 is not every where to be found, Wif- 
 dom feeks the fecret Jhade, the lonely 
 
OF MASONRY. 87 
 
 cell (Jefigned for contemplation ; there 
 enthroned the fits, delivering her facred 
 oracles : there let us feek her, and purfue 
 the real blifs ; for though the paflage be 
 difficult, the fgirthcr we trace it, the eafier 
 it will become. 
 
 Geometry, that extenfivc art, we fhould- 
 particularly ftudy, as the firft and nobleft 
 of fciences. — By geometry we may curi- 
 oufly trace nature, through her various 
 windings, to her moft concealed Jecc/Tes. 
 By it we may difcover the power, the wif- 
 dom,and the goodnefs of the grand artificer 
 of the unircrfe, and view with amazinor 
 delight the beautiful proportions which 
 connedt and grace this vaft machine. 
 By it we may difcover how the planets 
 move in their different orbs, and rnathe- 
 
88 A VINDICATION 
 maticaily demonftrate their various revo- 
 lutions. Byitwemay rationally account for 
 the return of fcafons, and the mixed 
 variety of fccnes which they difplay to the 
 difccrning eye, Numberlefs worlds are 
 around us, »I] framed by the fame divine 
 artift, which roll through the vaft expanfc, 
 and are all conduced by the fame unerring 
 laws of nature. How muft we then im- 
 prove ? with what grand ideas muft fuch 
 knowlege fill our minds .'' and how wor- 
 thy is it of the attention of all rational 
 beings, cfpecially of thofe Who profefs 
 themfclves promoters of our grand in- 
 ftitution. 
 
 It was a furvey of nature and the obfer- 
 vation of its beautiful proportions that 
 
OF MASONRY. 89 
 
 firft determined man to imitate the di- 
 vine plan, and to iludy fymmetry and 
 order, This gave rife to focieties, and 
 birth to every ufcful art. The architect 
 began to defign, and the plans which he 
 laid down, improved by experience and 
 tinne, produced fome of thofc excellent 
 works which will be the admiration of 
 future ages. I might here trace the 
 hiftory of the craft, and fliew, that ever 
 fince order began, or harmony dilplayed 
 her charms, our order had a being; but 
 this is fo well known, that a tedious dif- 
 cuflion of incontrovertible fafts, might 
 rather cloud the vnderftanding, than open 
 to cfor view a prolpeft which ignorance 
 and barbarifm can only veil. 
 
go A VINDICATION 
 
 If we are united, our fociety muft 
 flourifh J let us then promote the ufeful 
 arts, and by that means mark our dif- 
 tinftion and fuperiority ; let us cultivate 
 the fecial virtues and improve in all 
 that is good and amiable ; let the genius 
 o-f mafonry prefide, and under her fove- 
 reign fway let us endeavour to aft with 
 becoming dignity. 
 
 Now, is mafonry (o good, fo valuable 
 a fcience? Does it tend to inftt'iid the 
 mind, and tame each unruly pafllon r 
 Does it expel rancour, hairtd, dnd envy ? 
 Does it reconcfJe men of al! religions and 
 of ^11 nations ? Is it an univerfal cement, 
 binding its fo}low«!rs to charity, good-will 
 and fecret. friaidfhip ? Is it calculated w 
 promote the trueft freedom ? Does it 
 
OF MASONRY. 91 
 
 teach men to lead quiet lives ? In fliort, 
 are its precepts a complete fyftem of 
 moral virtue? Then, Hail, thou glori- 
 ous craft, bright tranfcript of all that is 
 amiable ! Hail, thou blcfl moral fcience, 
 which fo beautifully exemplifies vir- 
 tue ! Welcome, ye delightful manfions, 
 where all enjoy the pleafures of a fe- 
 rcnc and tranquil life ! Welcome, ye 
 bleft retreats, where fmiling fricndfliip 
 ever blooms, and from her throne dif- 
 penfes plealure with unbounded liberality ! 
 Welcome, facred habitations, where peace 
 and innocence for ever dwell I 
 
THE 
 
 Fundamental Principles 
 
 O F 
 
 MASONRY 
 
 EXPLAINED. 
 
 In a. Letter from the learned Mr. John Locke, 
 
 to the Right Honourable Thomas Earl of 
 
 P£mbrok:e, 
 
[ 95 J 
 
 THIS letter inclofes a copy of an 
 old Manufcript in the Bodleian Li- 
 brary, on the fubjc(Sb of free-mafonry, in 
 which the fundamental principles of that 
 inftitution are accurately ftated. Jt is 
 enriched with many learned notes and ob- 
 fcrv^tions by Mr. Locke, who, though 
 not at that cime enrolled in the order of 
 mafons,yet offers conje(5bures on the hiftory 
 and traditions of mafonry, which are not 
 only juft but truly judicious. 
 
 As every reader muft feel fome fatif- 
 fa^ion in the perufal of this ancient ma- 
 nufcript, efpccialiy the true and faithful 
 mafofl, whom it more nearly concerns ; I 
 
[ 96 ) 
 apprehend it will be unneceffary to apo- 
 logize for annexing it to the preftnt; pub- 
 lication. The j:ecommendati45n of the 
 cdebratc<3 Mr. IvOcke, a pliilofoplief of 
 as great merit and pene-tratibn as this na- 
 tion has ever produced, added to the real 
 value of the piece itfelf, mnft not only 
 give it a fanftion, but render it defcrV-ing 
 a ferious and candid examination. 
 
 It may be proper to give fome account 
 of mafonry at the time this manufcript is 
 fuppofed to have been wrote > 1 fliali 
 therefore prefix a brief entraft from our 
 book of" confti tut ions, and other publica- 
 tions which have treated on the fyibjed. 
 
 During the mtnortty of Henry the 
 Sixth, the comfnons of England thought 
 the mafons vorthy their attention : At- 
 
C 97 3 
 tempts wcta made to fupprefs their lodges 
 and communications, and the following 
 aft was paflcd to prohibit their confede. 
 rating in chapters or congregations. 
 
 3 Hen. VI. cap. I. A. D. 14^5. 
 
 Masons JhaU not confederate in chapttrt or 
 congregations, 
 
 " Whereas, by the yearly congrega* 
 " tions and confederacies made by the 
 '* mafons in their general aflemblies, the 
 " good courfc and efFeft of the ftatutcs 
 " of labourers be openly violated and 
 *• broken, it» fubverfion of the law, and 
 " to the great damage of all the com- 
 " mens ; our fovereign lord the King, 
 " willing in this cafe to provide a remedy, 
 " by the advice and confent aforefaid, 
 «* and at the fpecial requeft of the com- 
 F 
 
[ 98 J 
 mons, hath ordained and cftablifhed, 
 •* that fuch chapters and congregations 
 ** fiiall not be hereafter holden ; and if 
 •* any fuch be made, they that caufe fuch 
 •♦ chapters and congregations to be aflem- 
 •• bled and holden, if they thereof be 
 *• convift, fhall be judged for felons : 
 ** and that other mafons, who come to 
 •♦ fuch chapters or congregations, be pu- 
 '* niihcd by prifonmcnt of their bodies, 
 '^ and make fine and ranfom at the king's 
 " will." 
 
 This fcvere ordinance, however, was 
 never once put in execution, nor did it 
 in the leaft intimidate the mafons from 
 holding their regular aflemblies. They 
 never folicited their noble patrons to get 
 it repealed ; confcious of their own jnte- 
 
[ 99 1 
 grity, they dreaded not its force. Their 
 prudent and upright deportment, the re- 
 gularity of their proceedings, and the ex- 
 cellence of their laws and regulations, had 
 eftablifhed their reputation, and gained 
 them univerfal eftecm. Notwithftanding 
 this rigorous edift,.the effird of prejudice 
 and malevolence in an arbitrary fet of men, 
 lodges were formed in di^erent parts of 
 the kingdom % and tranquillity, joy and 
 felicity reigned among the fraternity. 
 
 In the year 1429, during the minority of 
 
 this prince, a refpeftable lodge was held at 
 
 Canterbury, under the patronage of Henry 
 
 Chicheley, the archbifhop ; at which were 
 
 prefent Thomas Stapylton, the Mafter^ 
 
 John Morris, cuftos de la lodge lathomo- 
 F 2 
 
[ 100 ] 
 
 rum, or warden of the lodge of raafons ; 
 with fifteen fellow-crafb, and three en- 
 tered apprentices ; all of whom are parti- 
 ticularly named in the Latin Repiler of 
 William Molart, prior of Canterbury, in 
 mahtjfcript, pap. 88. intitled, " Liberatio 
 " gcnera:Iis Domini Gulielmi Prioris Ec- 
 ♦* clefiae Chrifti Cantuarienfis, erga Faf- 
 ** turn Natalis Domini 1425." 
 
 A record in the reign of Edward IV. 
 runs thus : •' The company of raafons, 
 " being otherwife termed free mafons, of 
 *' auntient ftaunding and good reckojfc- 
 *' inge," by means of affable and kind 
 *' meetyngs'dyverfe tymes, and as a lo- 
 ** vinge brotherhode ufe to doe, did frc- 
 " qucnt this mutual aflembly in the tymc 
 
[ 101 ] 
 
 " of Henry VI, in the twelfth yeare of 
 « his moft gracious reign, A. D. i^za" 
 The fame record fays farther, " That the 
 " charges and laws of the free-marons 
 * have been fecn and perufed by our late 
 " Soveraign King Henry VI. and by the 
 *' lords of his moR honourable council, 
 *» who have allowed them, and declared, 
 '• That they be nght good and reafon- 
 ** able to be holden, as they have been 
 " drawn out and collefted from the re- 
 «« cords of aunticnt tymes^' &c. &c 
 
 From this it appears, that before the 
 troubles which happened in the reign of 
 this unfortunate prince, free'inalbns were 
 in high eftimation; The above rec<)rd 
 dieferibes a coat oC arms niQch the fame 
 
 Fa 
 
I I02 ] 
 
 with that of the London company of 
 freemen mafons ;. whence it is generally 
 believed that this company is defcended of 
 that antient fraternity ; and in former 
 times, no man, it alfo appears, was made 
 free of that company until he was initiated 
 m fome lodge of free and accepted mafons, 
 as a neceflary qualification. This prac- 
 tice ftill prevails in Scoilaad. among the 
 operative maCons. 
 
 By what follows it will be found how 
 very intent king Henry was on obtaining 
 a thorough knowiege of the original 
 principles of mafonry, even before his ini- 
 tiation into the order, which certainly 
 took place in the year 1442. Many 
 lords and gentlemen of the court at the 
 
[ 103 ] 
 
 fame time followed his Majefty's example, 
 and the fociety continued in a flourifhing 
 ftate, till the peace of the kingdom was 
 interrvipted by the bloody civil wars be- 
 tween the two royal houfes of York and 
 Lancafter, when free-mafonry fell into an 
 almoft total negleft. 
 
 F4 
 
THE 
 
 Fundamental Principles 
 o F 
 MASONRY 
 EXPLAINED. 
 
 A LETTER from the learned 
 Mr. John Locke, tx) the Right Hon. 
 Thomas Earl of Pembroke, with an 
 old Manuscript on the fubjcfb of 
 Free-Masonry, 
 
 Mv Lord, 6th May, 1696. 
 
 T Have at length, by the help of Mr. 
 Collins procure(J a copy of that M. S. 
 in the Bodleian library, which you were 
 F5 
 
io6 THE PRINCIPLES OF 
 
 fo CMrious to fee: an(3» in obedience to 
 yoqr t^r(ift|ip's commands, I herewith 
 fend it to you. Moft of the notes an- 
 nexed to it, are what I made yeftenday 
 for the reading of my lady Mafliam, who 
 %i become fo fond of mafonry, as to fay, 
 that ih« now more than ever wifhes herfelf 
 a m^f^if that ihe might be c^aUe of ad- 
 mUBoa Inta ^e fraternity. 
 
 The M. S, of which this is a copy, ap- 
 pears to be about 1 60 years old j y^t (as 
 your lordfliip will obferve by the title) it 
 is itfelf a copy of one yet more ancient 
 by about iqq years: for the original is 
 fa id to have been the hand- writing of 
 K. Henry VI. Where that prince had it 
 <s at prefent an uncertainty -, but it feems 
 
MASONRY EXPLAINED. J07 
 
 to mc to be an examination (taken per- 
 haps before the king) of foine one of the 
 brotherhood of mafons; ^rpong whom 
 he entered himfelf, as it. is faid, when he 
 came out of his minority, and thence- 
 forth put a ftop to a perfecution that 
 had been raifed ag^inft them : But I muft 
 not detain your lordfliip longer by my 
 preface from the thing itfelf. 
 
 I know not what effeft the fight of 
 this old* paper may have upon your 
 lordfhipj but for my own part I can- 
 not deny, that it has (o much raifed 
 my curiofity, as to induce me to enter 
 myfelf into the fratcrnityj which I am 
 determined to do (if I may be admitted.) 
 
 • The paper alluded to by ^r. Locke, is the 
 iamiediately following one. 
 F 6 
 
io8 THE PRINCIPLES OF 
 
 the ntxt time I go to London, and that 
 vnll be ftiortly. I am* 
 
 My LoRD» 
 
 Your Lordship's moll obedient, 
 And moft humble fcrvant, 
 
 JOHN LOCKE. 
 
MASONRY EXPLAINED. 109 
 
 CERTAYNE Q.UESTYONS, 
 
 W Y T H 
 
 AWNSWERES TO THE SAME, 
 
 CONCERNING THE 
 
 MYSTERY of MACONRYE; 
 
 Writtene by the hande of kynge HenryEj 
 the fixthe of the name, 
 
 And faythfullye copyed by me (i) JoHAN 
 Leylande, Antiquarius^ 
 
 By the commaunde of his (a) Highnefle. 
 
 They be as foUowethe, 
 Quest. IT 7 HAT mote ytt be ? (jl 
 
 • ' Answ. Ytt beech the 
 fkylle of nature, the underftondynge "of 
 the myghte that ys hereynne, and H^ 
 fondrye wcrckyngesj fondcrlyche, the 
 
no THE PRINCIPLfES OF 
 
 fkylle of retSbsnyngs, df walghtes apd 
 metyngcs, and the treu msnerf of facon- 
 fiynge al thynges for iriann^g ufe ; headlye, 
 dwell ynges, and buyldynges of alle 
 kindes, and al odher thynges that nuke 
 gudde to manne. 
 
 Quest, "Where dyd ytt begyne? 
 
 A^fsw. Ytt dyd bcgynne with the (4.) 
 fyrfte menne in the efte, whych were be- 
 fore the (5) fFyrfte manne of the wefte, and 
 comyuge welllye, ytt hathe. broughte 
 herM^yth ajle comfortes £0 the wylde and 
 ^Oipfortleife. 
 
 Quest. Who dyd brynge ytt weftlye? 
 
 Answ. The (6) Venetians, whoo W 
 ynge grate njerchaundes, coqied ffyrfte 
 fiVomme the efte ynn Venetia, for the 
 confxmpdytye of marchaundyfynge beithe 
 
MASONRY EXPLAINED, nt 
 
 efte and weftc, bey the reddc and myd- 
 dldonde fees. 
 
 Quest. Howe eomede yttynEngelonde? 
 
 An5w. Peter Gpwer (7) a Grecian, 
 journeyedde fFor kunnynge yn Egypte, 
 and yn Syria, and yn everyche londe 
 whereas the Venetians hadde plauntedde 
 maconrye, and wynnynge entraunce yn 
 al lodges of maconnes, he }erned muche, 
 and retournedde, and woned yn Grecia 
 magna (8) wackfynge^ and becommynge 
 a myghtye (9) ■wyftacre, and greatelyche 
 renowned, and her he frarikd a grate 
 lodge at Grotptj (10), and maked many 
 maconnes, fome whereoffe dyd journeye 
 yn Fraunce, and nnaked manye maconnes, 
 wherefrommc, yn proccfle of tyme. the 
 arte pafled yn Engelonde. 
 
 Quest. Dothe maconnes difcouer there 
 artes unto odhcrs I 
 
112 THE PRINCIPLES OF 
 
 Answ. Peter Gower, whennc he jour- 
 neyedde to lernne, was iFyrfte (ii) made, 
 andanonne techedde; evenne foefliulde all 
 odhers bevn recht. Nathelefs (12) ma- 
 connes hauetlie always yn everyche tyme, 
 from tyme to tyme, communycatedde to 
 mannkynde foche of ther fecrettes as^gene- 
 rallyche myghte be ufefulle ; they haueth 
 keped backe foche allein as fhulde be 
 harmefulle yfF they corned yn euylle 
 haundes, oder foche as ne myghte be 
 holpynge wythouten the techynges to be 
 joynedde herwythe in the lodge, oder 
 foche as do bynde the freres more ftronge- 
 lyche togeder, bey the proffytte and com- 
 modytye comynge to the confrerie her- 
 fromme. 
 
 Quest. Whatte artes haueth the ma- 
 conncs techedde mankynde ? 
 
MASONRY EXPLAINED. 113 
 
 Answ. The artes (13) agricuUura, ar- 
 chiteftura, aftronomia, geometria, numeres, 
 miifica, pocfie, kymiftrye. governmente, 
 and relygyonne. 
 
 Quest. Howe commethe maconnes 
 more teachers than odher tnenne ? 
 
 Ansvt. The hemfdfe haueth allein in 
 (14) arte of fyndinge neue artcs, whyche 
 arte the ffyrfte maconnes receaued from 
 Goddc} by the whyche they fyndethe 
 whatte artcs hem plcfethe, and the treu 
 way of techynge the fanne. Whatt odher 
 menne doethe ffynde out, ys onelvche bey 
 chaunce, and therfore but lytel I tro. 
 
 Quest. What dothe the maconnes 
 concele and hyde ? 
 
 Answ. They concelcthe the art of 
 ffyndynge neue artes, and thattys for here 
 own proffytte, and (15) preifo: They 
 
114 THE PRINCIPLES OF 
 
 concelethe the art of kepynge (i6) fe- 
 crettes, thatt foe the worlde mayeth no- 
 thinge conccle from thern. They concel- 
 ethc the art of wunderwerckyrtge, and of 
 fbrefayinge thynges to comme, thatt fo 
 thay fame attcs may not be iifedde of the 
 wyckeddc to an euyell ende, thay alfo 
 concekthethe (17) arte of chaunges, the 
 "wey of wyr\riynge the faculty e (18) of 
 Abr^Cj the fkylle of becommynge gude 
 and parfyghte wythoutea the holpynges 
 of fere ajnd hope 1 and tl\e univerfelle 
 (19) iongage of maconnes. 
 
 Quest. Wyll$ he teche roe thay fame 
 artes ? 
 
 ANswi Ye fhalle be techedde yff ye be 
 warthye» and able to lerne. 
 
 Quest. Dothe all maconnes kunoe 
 more then odher menne ? 
 
MASONRY EXPLAINED. 115 
 
 Answ. Not fo. Thay onlyche haueth 
 recht and occafyonne more then odher 
 menne to kunne, butt manye doeth fale yn 
 capacity, and manye more doth want in- 
 duftrye, thatt ys perncceflarye' for the 
 gaynynge all kunnynge. 
 
 Quest. Are maconncs gudder menne 
 then odhers ? 
 
 Answ. Some maconnes are not fo ver- 
 tuous as fome other menne 1 but, yn the 
 mofte parte, thay be more gude than they 
 woulde be yf thay war not maconnes. 
 
 Quest. Doth maconnes love eidthcr 
 odher myghfylye as beeth fayde ? 
 
 Answ. Yea yerylyche, and yt may not 
 odherwife be : For gude menne and treu, 
 kennynge eidher odher to be foche, doeth 
 always love the more as thay be more gude. 
 
 Hereendethe the quefiyonnes and awnfweres* 
 
NOTES 
 
 AND 
 
 OBSERVATIONS, 
 
 O N T H E 
 
 FOREGOING Q^UESTIONSv 
 By Mr- Locke. 
 
 (i) John Letlande was appointed by 
 Henry VIII. at the diflblution of mo- 
 nafteries, to fearch for, and fave fuch 
 books and records as were valuable among- 
 them. He was a man of great labour 
 and induftry. 
 
 (2) His H1GHNESSE5 nrieaning the faid 
 king Henry VIII. Our kings had not 
 then the title of majefty. 
 
THE PRINCIPLES, &c. 117 
 
 (3) What mote ytt be ?] That is, what 
 may this myftery of mafonry be? The 
 anfwer imports, that it confifts in natural, 
 mathematical and mechanici knowledge. 
 Some part of which (as appears by what 
 follows) the mafons pretend to have 
 taught the reft of mankind, and fome part 
 they ftill conceal. 
 
 (4) (5) Fyrftc menne yn the efte, &c.] 
 It fbould feem by this that mafons be- 
 lieve there were men in the eaft before 
 Adam, who is called the " fFyrfte manne of 
 the wcfte-," and that arts and fciences be- 
 gan in the eaft. Some authors of great 
 note for learning have been of the fame 
 opinion-, and it is certain that Europe 
 and Africa (which, in refpeft to Afia, may 
 be called weftern countries) were wild 
 and favage, long after arts and politenefs 
 
11% THE PRINCIPLES OF 
 
 of manners were in great pcrfeftion in 
 China, and the I?KJies. 
 
 (6) The Venetians, &c.] In the times 
 of monkilh ignorance it is no wonder that 
 the Phenicians fhould be miftaken for the 
 Venetians.. Or, perhaps, if the peqpk 
 were not taken one for the other, fimUi- 
 tude of found might deceive the clerk 
 who firft took down the examination. 
 The Phenicians were the grcajcft voyagers 
 attiong the ancients, and were in Europe 
 thought to be the inventory of lettersj 
 ■which perhaps they brought from the eaft 
 with other arts. 
 
 (7) Peter Gower.] This muft be ano- 
 ther miftake of the writer. I was puz- 
 zled at firfi: to guefs who Peter Gowei 
 fbould be, the name being perfeftly 
 
 2 
 
MASONRY EXPLAINED. 119 
 Englifh J or how a Greek fhould come 
 by fuch a name : But as foon as I thought 
 of Pythagoras, I could fcarce forbear fmi* 
 ling, to find that philofopher had under- 
 gone a metempfycofis he never dreamt 
 of. We need only confider the French 
 pronunciation of his name, Pythagore, 
 that is Petagore, to conceive how eafily 
 fuch a miftake might be made by an un- 
 learned clerk. That Pythagoras travelled 
 for knowledge into Egypt, &c. is known 
 to all thelearocd; and that he was jni- 
 tiatcdinto jfcveral different orders of priefts, 
 who in thofe days kept ail their* learning 
 fecret from the vulgar, is as we!! known. 
 Pythagoras alfo made every geometrical 
 theorem a fecret, and admitted only fuch 
 to the knowledge of them, as had first 
 undergone a five years filence. He is 
 
120 THE PRINCIPLES OF 
 
 fuppofed to be the inventor of the 47th 
 propofition of the firft book of Euclid, 
 for which, in the joy of his heart, it is 
 faid he facrificed a hecatomb. He alfo 
 knew the true fyftem of the world, lately 
 revived by Copernicus -, and was certainly 
 a moft wonderful man. See his life by 
 Dion. Hal. 
 
 (8) Grecia Magna,- a part of Italy 
 formerly fo called, in which the Greeks 
 had fettled a large colony. 
 
 (9) Wyfeacre.] This word at prefent 
 fignifies fimpleton, but formerly had a 
 quite contrary meaning. Weifager, in the 
 old Saxon, is philofopher, wifeman or 
 wizard, and having been frequently ufed 
 ironically, at length came to have a dire^ 
 meaning in the ironical fcnle. Thus, 
 Duns Scotus, a man famed for the fub- 
 
MASONRY EXPLAINED, lai 
 
 t'tlty and acutenefs of his underftanding, 
 has, by the fame method of irony, given 
 genera! name to modern dunces. 
 
 (lo) Groton.] Groton is the nanle of 
 a place in England. The place here 
 meant is Crotona, a city of Grecia Magna» 
 which in the time of Pythagoras was very 
 populous. 
 
 (i Fyrfte made.] The word made I 
 fuppofe has a particular meaning among 
 the mafbns : perhaps it figniBes, initiated* 
 
 (12) Maconnes haueth communyca- 
 tcdde, 8co,] This paragraph hath fome* 
 thing remarkable in it. It contairts a 
 juftification of the fecrecy fo much boafted 
 of by mafons, and fo much blamed by 
 G 
 
J2Z THE PRINCIPLES OF 
 
 others ; aflferting that they have in all 
 ages difcovercd fuch things as might be 
 ufeful, and that they coaeeal Aich only 
 as would be hurtful either to the world 
 or themfelves. What theft fecrets are, 
 we fee afterwards. 
 
 (13) The artes, agricuitura, Sec] It 
 feems a bold pretence this of the mafons, 
 that they have taught mankind ail thefe 
 arts. They have their own authority for 
 it ; and I know not how we IhaJI djfprove 
 thenn. But what appears moft odd is, 
 that they reckon religion among the arts. 
 
 ( 1 4) Arte of ffjfndinge neue artes.] The 
 art of inventing arts, muft certainly be a 
 moft ufeful art. My lord Bacon's No» 
 vum Organum is An attempt towards 
 
 8 
 
MASONRY EXPLAINED. 123 
 fomewhat of the fame kind. But I much 
 doubt, that if ever the mafons had it, 
 they have now loft it; fince fo few new 
 arts have been lately invented, and fb 
 many are wanted. The idea I have of 
 fuch an art is, that it muft be fomething 
 proper to be applied in all the fcienccs 
 generally, as algebra is in numbers, by 
 the help of which, new rules of arithmetic 
 are, and may be found. 
 
 (15) Preife,] It feems the mafons have 
 great regard to the reputation as well as 
 the profit of their order ; fince they make 
 It one reafon for not divulging an art in 
 common, that it may do honour to the pof- 
 feflbrs of it. I think in this particular they 
 fhew too much regard for their own fociety, 
 and too little for the refl: of mankind. 
 G 2 
 
124 THE PRTNCIPLES OF 
 
 (i6) Arte of keepjfhge fecrettes.] 
 What kind of an art this is, I can by 
 no means imagine. But certainly fuch 
 an art the mafwis muft have : For though, 
 as feme people fuppofe, they Ihould have 
 no fecret at all, even that muft be a 
 fccret which being difcovered would ex- 
 pofe them to the higheft ridicule: and 
 therefore it requires the utmoft caution to 
 conceal it. 
 
 {ly) Arte of chaunges.] I know not 
 tfhat thi; mfansy unlefs it be the tranfmu- 
 taition of metals. 
 
 (1 8) Facultye of Abrac] Here I am 
 utterly in the dark. 
 
 (19) ^niverfelle longage of maeonnes. j 
 An univerfal language has ^een much 
 
MASONRX EXPLAINED. 125 
 
 dcfired by the learned of many ages. It 
 u 3 thing rather to be wilhed than hoped 
 for^ But it feems the niafons pretend to 
 have filch a thing among them. If it be 
 true, I guefs it muft be fomething like 
 the language of tlie Pantomimes among 
 the ancient Romans, who are faid to be 
 able^ by figns only, to exiprefs and delivef 
 any oration intelligibly to men of all na- 
 tions and languages. A man who ha$ aU 
 thefe arts and advantages, is certainly in 
 a condition to be envied: But we art 
 told, that this is not the tak with 4II 
 mafons j for though thefe arts are among 
 hem^ and all have a right and an oppor- 
 tunity to know them, yet fome want cdr 
 jpacity, and others induftry to acquire 
 them. However, of all their arts and 
 fecrets, that which I moft defire to know 
 G 3 
 
ia6 THE PRINCIPLES, &c. 
 
 is, " The Ikjrlle of becommynge gude and 
 parfy ghte ;" and I wifh it were commu- 
 nicated to all mankind, fince there is 
 nothing more true than the beautiful fen- 
 tence contained in the laft anfwer, '* That 
 the better men are, the more they love one 
 another." Virtue having in itfelf fome- 
 thing fo amiable as to charm the hearts 
 of all that behold it. 
 
[ "7 ] 
 
 A GLOSSARY, 
 
 To explain the old words in the fore- 
 going Manufcript. 
 
 ALLEIN, only 
 Alweys, always, 
 Beithe, both 
 
 Commodytye, conveniency 
 Confrerie, fraternity 
 Faconnynge, forming 
 Fore-fayinge^ prophecying 
 Freres^ brethren 
 Jieadlye., chiefly 
 Hem plifethe., they pleafe 
 Hemfelfct themfelves, 
 . Her^ there, their 
 Hereynne, therein 
 Herwythy with it 
 Holpynge, beneflcial 
 Kunne, know 
 Kunnynge, knowledge 
 Make guide, arc beneficial 
 MetyngeSy meafures 
 G4 
 
ia8 A GLOSSARY. 
 
 Mete^ may 
 
 Myddklmdet Mediterraneart 
 Myght&t power 
 OccafyonnCy opportunity 
 Oder, or 
 Oneiyche^ only 
 
 PerHecejfarye, abfolutely neceflary- 
 Preife, honour 
 Recht, riglit 
 • Reckenyngs, numbers- 
 Soitderlyche, particularly 
 Skylle, knowledge 
 Wackfynge., growing 
 fVerck, operation 
 ^ey, way 
 IVbereaSy where 
 TFoned, dwelt 
 
 Wundfrwerckyage, working miracles 
 fVylde, favage 
 Wynnynge, gaming 
 Ttin, into 
 
[ 129 ] 
 
 REMARKS. 
 
 By the EDITOR. 
 
 A N aft of parliament having pafled 
 "*■ *■ during the minority of Henry VI. 
 to fupprefs the lodges and communica- 
 tions of mafons, it may not be improper 
 here to ftate fome of the circumftances 
 which are fuppofed to have given rife to 
 this fevcre edidt 
 
 The duke of Bedford, at that time 
 regent, being in Prance, the regal power 
 was veftcd in Humphrey, duke of Gk)u 
 cefter, his brbther, who was ftiled pro- 
 
 G5 
 
ijo REMARKS 
 
 tcfitor and guardian of the kingdom* 
 The care of the young king's perfon and 
 education was intrufted to Henry BeaU' 
 fort, bifliop of Winchcfter, the Duke's 
 uncle. The bifhop was a prelate of great 
 capacity and experience, but of an intri- 
 guing and dangerous charafter. As he 
 aipired to the government of affairs, he 
 liad continual difputes with his nephew 
 the proteftor;, and gained frequent advan- 
 tages over the vehement and impolitic 
 temper of that prince. Being inveftcd 
 with power, he foon began to /hew his 
 pride and haughtinefs, and he wanted not 
 followers and agents, who were bufy to 
 augment his influence, 
 
 In a parliament held at Weftminfter 
 on the 17th of November 1423, to an- 
 
REMARKS. 131 
 
 fwer a particular end, it was ordained 
 and enadled, «' That if any pcrfon, com- 
 " mitted for grand or petty treafon, 
 " Ihould wilfully break out of prifon, 
 ''• and efcape from the fame, it Ihould be 
 " deemed petty treafon, and his goods 
 " be forfeited * " About this time one 
 William King of Womolton in York- 
 fhirCj fervant to Sir Robert Scott, lieu- 
 tenant of the Tower, pretended, that he 
 had been oflfered by Sir John Mortimer, 
 coufin to tlie lately deceafed Edward 
 Mortimer, earl of March, the neareft in 
 blood to the Englifli crown; and then a pri- 
 foner in the Tower, ten pounds to buy him 
 clothes, with forty pounds a year, and to 
 be made an earl, if he would afiift Mor- 
 timer in making his efcape ; that Mortimer 
 * Wolfe's Chronicle, publiibed by Stowe 
 G 6 
 
IJ2 REMARKS. 
 
 faid, he would raife 40,000 men on his 
 enlargement, aiid would flrike off the 
 heads of the rick bifhop of Winchefter, 
 the duke of Gloucefter, and others. This 
 fellow undertook to prove upon oath the 
 tru«h of his aflbrtion, A fhort time after, 
 a fcherne was formed to out off Mortimer, 
 and an opportunity foon offered to carry 
 it into execution r Mortimer being per- 
 mitted one day to walk to the Tower 
 wharf, was fuddenly purfued, fcized, 
 brought back, accufed of brealdng out of 
 jMi(bn» and of attempting his efcape. He 
 ■was tried, and the evidence of King being 
 adrftitted, was convifted, agreeably to the 
 late ftatutCj and afterwards beheaded* 
 
 The death of Mortimer occafioaed great 
 murmuring and difcontenc among the 
 people, and threatened a fpecdy fubver- 
 
REMARKS. 133 
 
 fjon of thofc in power. Many hints were 
 thrown out, both in public and private 
 aflemblies, of the fatal confequences which 
 were expefted to fucceed this commo- 
 tion. The amazing progrefs it made, 
 juftly alarmed the fufpicions of the ambi- 
 tious prelate, who fpared no pains to exert 
 his power on the occafion. 
 
 The animofity between the uncle and 
 nephew daily increafed, and the autho- 
 rity of parliament was obliged to inter- 
 pofe. On the lift day of April 1425, 
 the parliament met at Weftminfter. 
 The fervants and followers of the 
 peers coming thitner, armed with clubs 
 and ftaves, occafioned its being named 
 
 THE ?ATT PARLIAMENT. ScVCral lawS 
 
 were then made, and among the reft, an 
 aft for abolilhing the fociety of ma- 
 
i34 REMARKS. 
 
 fons ; at leaft for preventing their affem- 
 blies and congregations. As their meet- 
 ings were fecret it can raife no furprife 
 that they fhould attrad the attention of 
 the afpiring prelate, renewhis apprehenfion, 
 and incur his difpleafure : the law, how- 
 ever; was never once executed againft them, 
 nor any attempt made to difturb their 
 alTcmbliesi the biihop being diverted 
 from his perfecution of the mafons, by 
 an affair in which he was more nearly 
 eoncerned.. 
 
 On the morning of St. Simon and 
 Jude's day, after the lord mayor of Lon- 
 don had returned to the city frorh Weft- 
 mi nftcr, where he had been taking the 
 ufual charges of his high office, he re- 
 ceived a fpecial meffage from the duke 
 
REMARKS, 135 
 
 of Gloucefter, requiring his imincdiate 
 attendance. Being feated at dinner when 
 the meflenger arrived, he returned sn 
 anfwer that he would immediately wait 
 on his highnefs j which he accordingly 
 did. Being introduced into the prefence, 
 the duke commanded his lordlhip to fee 
 that the city was properly watched the 
 following night, as he expcded his uncle 
 would endeavour to make himfelf mafter 
 of it by force, unlefs fome efFedual means 
 were adopted to (lop his progrefs. This 
 command was ftriftly obeyed; and, at 
 nine o'clock the next morning, the bifiiop 
 of Winchefter, with his fervants and fol- 
 lowers, attempted to enter the city by 
 the bridge, but were prevented by the 
 vigilance of the citizens j who, having 
 been previoufly apprized of their defign 
 
136 REMARKS. 
 
 repelled them by force. This unexpeAed 
 repulfe enraged the haughty and rmpcti- 
 ovis prelate, wh<J immedktely collefted a 
 numerous body of archers and other mon 
 at arms, and commanded them to affauh 
 the gate with fliot. The citizens direftly 
 fhut up their fhops, and crowded to the 
 bridge in gteat numbers, when a general 
 ma/Tacre would certainly have enfued, had 
 it not been for the timely interpofition 
 and prudent adminiftfation of the mayor 
 and aldermen, who happily ftopt all vio- 
 lent meafures. and in all probability pre- 
 vented a great eftufion of blood. 
 
 The archbifbop of Canterbury, in con- 
 jundion with Peter, duke of Conimbra, 
 eldeft fon of the king of Portugal, awd 
 feveral others, endeavoured to appeafe the 
 
REMARKS. t37 
 
 fviry of the two contending parties, and, 
 if pofTible, to bring about & reconciliation 
 between themi but all to no purpofc, 
 neither party would yiield. They rode 
 eight or ten times backwards and for- 
 wards, ufing every fcheme they could 
 think of to prevent further extremities, 
 before they could fucceed in their media- 
 tion, or bring the parties to a conformity v 
 at Jaft it was agreed on both fides, that 
 all hoftile proceedings fhould drop, and 
 the matter be referi«ed to the award of the 
 duke of Bedford Upon this' peace was, 
 reftored, and the city remained in c^ht, 
 for the prefent « 
 
 The bifhop loft no time in tranfmitting 
 Jhis cafe to the duke of Bedford -, and in 
 
1^8 REMARKS. 
 
 order to glofs it over v?ith the beft co- 
 lours he wrote the following letter : 
 
 " RIGHT high and mighty prince,, 
 ** and my right noble, and after one, 
 '''■■ leiuefl: [earthly] lord ; I recommend 
 " me unto your grace with all my heart.. 
 " And as you defire the welfare of the 
 *' king our fovereign lord, and of his- 
 *' realms of England and France, your 
 ♦' own weal [health] with all yours, hafte- 
 *' you hither : For by my troth,, if you 
 " tarry long, we fliall put this land in 
 *' jeopardy [adventure] with a field, fuch 
 ** a brother you have herev God make 
 '^' him a good man. For your wifdotn, 
 *' well knoweth that the profit of Ftance 
 *' ftandeth in the welfare of England* &c« 
 " The blefled Trinity keep you» Written 
 
REMARKS. 139 
 
 in great hafte at London, on All-hal- 
 " lowen-even, the 3ifl: of Oftober, 1425* 
 
 " By your fervant, to my lives- end, 
 
 « HENRY, Winchester." 
 
 This tremendous letter had the de- 
 fired cfFe<St, and haftened the return of the 
 duke of Bedford to London, where he 
 'arrived on the loth of January, 1 4-2 5-6, 
 On the 2 1 ft of February he held 3 great 
 council at St. Albans, adjourned it to 
 the 13th of March at Northampton, and 
 the 25th of June at Leicefter. Batts and 
 ftaves being now prohibited, the fol- 
 lowers of the members of parliament at- 
 tended with Hones in a fling, and plum- 
 mets of lead. The duke of Bedford 
 employed the authority of parliament ta 
 
140 REMARKS. 
 
 reconcile the differences which had broke 
 out» and proceeded to extremities, be 
 twixt his brother and the bifhop of Win- 
 chefter ; and obliged thefe rivals to pro- 
 mife before that aflembly, that they would 
 bury all quarrels in oblivion. Thus the 
 long wiflied-for peace between thefe two 
 great perfonages, was, to all appearance^ 
 accomplKhed. 
 
 The duke, of Gloucefter, during the 
 difcuflion of this matter before paEliaxnenJi 
 exhibited the following charge, among five 
 others, agfiinnr the bifhop of Wiiicheftef 5 
 " That he had, in his letter to the duice 
 "of Bedford at France, plainly declared 
 «' his malicious purpofeof afTembling the 
 " people, and ftrrrirtg up 3 rebel lioj) in 
 
REMARKS. 141 
 
 '« the nation^ contrary to the kings 
 *« peace," 
 
 The biftiop's anfwer to this accufation 
 was, ** That he never had any intention 
 " to difturb the peace of the nation, or 
 *' raife any rebellion ; but that he fent to 
 «' the duke of Bedford to folicit his Ipeedy 
 " return to England to fettle all thofe 
 ** differences which were fo prejudicial 
 •• to the peace of the kingdom : That 
 *• though he had indeed written in the 
 •' letter, That if he tarried, wajhould put 
 " the land in adventure by a fields fucb a 
 " irother you have here \ he did not mean 
 " it of any defign of his own, but con- 
 «' cerning the feditious aJTemblies of ma- 
 " fons, cajpentets, tyleis, and plaifterers; 
 *» who, being diftafte by the late act of 
 
142 REMARKS. 
 
 " parliament againft the exceflive wages 
 "• of thofe trades, had given out many 
 *= feditious fpeeches and menaces againft 
 ** certain great men, which tended much 
 «' to rebellion : That the duke of Glou- 
 *' cefter did not ufe his endeavour, as he 
 ^' ought to have done in his place, to 
 " fupprefs fuch unlawful affemblies; lb 
 " that he feared the king, and his good 
 '♦ fubjeds, muft have made a field to 
 « withftand th'em ; to prevent which, he 
 « chiefly defired the duke of Bedford to 
 " come over." 
 
 The falfehood of the bilhop's charge 
 againft the mafons is fo felf-evident, that it 
 would be encroaching on the judgment of 
 the candid reader to fuppofe it neceffary to 
 urge any arguments to prove it. Suffice 
 
REMARKS. 143 
 
 it to obferve,that themafons have ever been 
 quiet men and faithful fubje<fts, who have 
 cultivated peace and friendfhip one with 
 another, promoted the ufeful arts, prac- 
 tifed the mofl noble principles, and never 
 meddled in the affairs of either church or 
 ftate, but have always fubmitted with reve- 
 rence to the eftabliftied laws and govern- 
 ment of the country in which it was their 
 lot to refide. The innocentcaufe of all the 
 perfecutions and reproaches which they 
 havefufferedjis the fecrecyobferved among 
 them. In conducing all worldly aiFairsj 
 fecrecy is a virtue, not only clTential, but 
 abfolvitely neceflary. The royal art teaches 
 us fidelity to our truft, as well as difcretion 
 in the rule of our conduct •, and the fecrcts 
 of mafonry are neither contrary to religion 
 OJf the duty of fubjcfts. nor are they in 
 
J44 REMARKS. 
 
 the leaft degree inconfiftent with any law^ 
 human or divine. — It is probable, the 
 prelate may have had the lord mayor, 
 aldermen, and commons of London^ in 
 his view, at the time he made his charge 
 againft the fraternity, and that thefe were 
 the mafons whom he had decreed for 4e- 
 ilrudion. 
 
 Sovereign authority being vefted in the 
 duke of Gloucefter, as proteftor of the 
 realm, the execution of the aws, and all 
 that related to the civil magiftrate, cen- 
 tered in him : a fortunate circumftance 
 for the mafons, vi^ho were nc^ only un- 
 juftly accufed, but vilely afperfed, and 
 debarred the privileges of aflTembling to* 
 gether for mutual edification and improve- 
 ment, by a cruel aft of parliament ifliiefi 
 out, againft their chapters, thfcwgh th6 
 
REMARKS. t45 
 
 powerful influence of the bifliop of Win 
 chefter, and his adherents. 
 
 The duke of Gloucefter particularly fa. 
 voured the mafons at this critical junfture. 
 Knowing them to be innocent of the ac- 
 cufations laid againft thetn, he not only 
 protefted them, but transferred the charge 
 of rebellion, fcdition, and treafon, from 
 them, to the bifhop of Wincheftef, and 
 his followers ; who were the fifft to 
 difturb the public peace, and kindle the 
 flames of civil difcord. This prince is 
 faid to have received a more learned 
 education than was ufual in his age, to 
 have founded one of the firft public libra- 
 ries in England, and to have been a great 
 patron of learned men. So refpeftable & 
 focicty as that of the mafons. could not 
 H 
 
46 R E M A R K S. 
 
 then fail of attrafling his notice ; and, if 
 our records may be depended upon, we 
 ihave reafon to believe, that he was admit- 
 ted into the order, and that he affifted at 
 the initiation of king Henry, in the 
 year 1442. 
 
 Thebifhop of Winchefter, fenfible that 
 his aftions were npt to be juftified by the 
 laws of the land, prevailed with the king, 
 through the interceffion of the parliament, 
 whom his riches had particularly inte-, 
 rcfted in his favour, to grant hiqi letters 
 of pardon for all offences committed by 
 him, contrary to the ftatute of provifors, 
 and other afts of praemunire. Five years 
 after this, he procuced another pardoDj 
 under the great feal, for all foris of crimes 
 
REMARKS. 147 
 
 ■whatever, from the creation of the world 
 to the 26th of July i^SJ- 
 
 The duke of Glouceftcr, notwidiftand-^ 
 ing all the cardinal's precautions, in 14-^2^ 
 drew up articles of impeachment againft 
 him, and prclented them with his own 
 hands to the king-, dcfiring that judgment 
 might be pafled upon him, according tQ 
 his crimes. The king referred the maxtcf 
 to his council, who took it under their 
 confiderationv but, being principally eccle* 
 fiaftics, they favoured the cardinal. At 
 laft, the duke wearied out with their te- 
 dious delays and fraudulent dealings, 
 dropt the profecution, and the cardinal 
 efcaped. 
 
I4S REMARKS. 
 
 Nothing could remove the inveteracy 
 of the cardinal againft ^he duke of Glou- 
 cefter •, he Was refolved to deftroy a man 
 whole popularity might become danger- 
 ous, and whofe refentment he had fo much 
 xeafon to apprehend* The Duke had ever 
 been a ftrenuous oppofer of every mea- 
 fure contrary to the public good. By his 
 prudence, as well as the authority of his 
 birth and ftation^ he had prevented An ab- 
 folute fovereign power from being vefted 
 in rhe king's perfbn. This enabled 
 "VVinchefter to gain many partizans, who 
 were eafily brdught to concur in the ruin 
 of the prince. 
 
 His dutchefs, the daughter of Reginald 
 lord Cobham, had been accufed of the 
 
REMARKS. 149 
 
 crime of witchcraft, and it was pretended 
 that a waxen figure of the king was found 
 in hff poffefllon ; which flie, and her a/To- 
 ciates. Sir Roger Bolingbroke, a prieft, 
 and one Margery Jordan of Eye, melted 
 in a magical manner before a flow fire, 
 with an intention of making Henry's force 
 and vigour wafte away by like infenfible 
 degrees. The accufation was well calcu- 
 lated to afTeft the weak and credulous 
 mind of the king, and to gain belief in 
 ah ignorant age. The dutchefs was 
 brought to trial, with her confederates, and 
 the prifoners were pronounced guilty : the 
 dutchefs was condemned to do public 
 penance in London for three days, and 
 to fuffcr perpetual imprifonment -, the 
 others were executed. 
 
 H3 
 
150 REMARKS. 
 
 The proteftor, provoked at fuch re- 
 peated infuhs oiFered to his wife, made a 
 noble and ftout refiflance to thefe moft 
 abominable and fhamelefs proceedings, 
 but it unfortunately ended in his own 
 deftrudtion. In order to effeftuate the 
 plan the enemies of this prince had con- 
 certed to murder Bim, a parliament was 
 fummoned to meet at St. Edmondfbury 
 in 144,7, where *^^y expedled he would lie 
 entirely at their mercy. As foon as he 
 appeared, on the fecond day of the fcfli- 
 ons, he was^accufcd of treafon, and thrown, 
 into prifon j where he waa found the nexc 
 day, bafcly and fliamefuUy murdered. It 
 was pretended, that his death was. natural ; 
 but though his body, which was expofed 
 to public view, bore no marks of outward 
 injury, no one doubted that he had. fallen 
 
REMARKS. 151 
 
 a facrifice to the vengeance of his ene- 
 mies. Five of Iiis fervaats were tried for 
 aiding him in his treafons, and condemned 
 to be hanged, drawn and quartered. 
 They were hanged accordingly, cut down 
 alive, (tripped naked, and marked with a 
 knife to be quartered ; when the marquis 
 of Suffolk, through a mean and pitiful 
 affedation of popularity, produced their 
 pardon, and faved their^ lives : the moft 
 barbarous kind of mercy that can poflibly 
 be imagined !. 
 
 Thus fell that great prince the duke 
 of Gloucefter. His death was univer- 
 fally lamented throughout the whole 
 kingdom. He had long, obtained and 
 defcrved well, the firname of good. He 
 H4 
 
^50i REMARKS. 
 
 was a lover of his country, a friend to 
 good men, the protedor of the mafons, 
 a patron of the learned, and an en- 
 courager of every work worthy of 
 evcrlafting memorial. His inveterate 
 profecutor, the hypocritical bifhop, ftung 
 with remorfe, fcarce furvivcd him two 
 months ; when, after a long life fpent 
 in faifehood and politics, he funk into 
 oblivion, with all the daggers of divine 
 vengeance flicking in liis lieart. 
 
 The wickednefs of his life, and his 
 mean, bafe and unmanly death, will ever 
 be a bar againfl: any vindication of his 
 memory for the good which he did while 
 alive, or which the money he had amafled 
 could do after his deceafe. When in his 
 
REMARKS. 15^ 
 
 laft moments he was heard to utter thefc 
 mean expreflions : " Why fhould I die, 
 •' who am pofleffed of ib much wealth ? 
 " If the whole kingdom could fave my 
 •' life, I am able by my policy to prc- 
 ** fcrve it, or by my money to purchafe 
 " it. "Will not death be bribed, nor 
 «' money do every thing ?'* The inimi- 
 table Shakefpeare, after giving a moft hor- 
 rible pifture of defpair, and a- tortured 
 confcience, in the perfon of the Cardinal, 
 introduces king Henry to him with thefe, 
 Iharp and piercing words : 
 
 ** Lord cardinal, if thou think'ft on 
 heav'n's blifs, 
 
 ** Lift up thy hand, make figoal of 
 that hope." 
 
 — — He dies, and makes no fign. 
 
 Hen. VI. Aft 3. 
 H5 
 
154 REMARKS. 
 
 " The memory of the wicked fliall rot, 
 " but the unjuftly perfecuted ftiall be had 
 *' in everUfting remembrance." 
 
 Having thus endeavoured to explain 
 the circumftances which gave rife to the 
 ad of parliament pafled during the mi- 
 nority of Henry VI. againft the aflem- 
 blies of mafons, and which has never yet 
 been repealed, I fhall now proceed to 
 give the opinion of judge Coke upon 
 that ftatute. 
 
 " All the ftatutes concerning labourers 
 *f before this ad, and whereunto this adt 
 •* doth refer, are repealed by the 5 EJiz, 
 ** cap. 4. ahui A. D. i ^62y whereby the 
 ** caufe and end of making this a<5t is 
 " taken away, and confequently the a£t 
 " is become of no force } for cef:inte ro" 
 
REMARKS. f55 
 
 ** tione legiSi cejfat ipfa lea : and the in- 
 " didlment of felony upon this ftatute 
 " muft contain. That thofe chapters and 
 " congregations are to the violating and 
 ** breaking of the good courfe and efFeft 
 ♦' of the ftacutes of labourers ; which 
 " now cannot be alleged, becaufc thofe 
 ** ftatutes be repealed. Therefore this 
 •* would be put out of the charge of 
 " juftices of the peace." Institutes, 
 Part. III. fo. I J. 
 
 It is plain, therefore, from the above 
 opinion, that this aft, though never ex- 
 prefsly repealed, can have no force at pre- 
 fcnt. . The mafons may reft very quiet, 
 may continue to hold their afiemblies, and 
 may propagate their myfteries, as long as 
 their conformity to their profefTed prin- 
 ciples intitles them to the fanftion of go- 
 H 6 
 
156 R E M A R K 5. 
 
 vemment. In this country, mafonry h 
 too well known, to raife any fufpicion 
 in the legiflature.. The greateft perfon- 
 ages have prefided over the fociety, and 
 under their aufpicious' government, at 
 difFerent times, an acquifition of patrons^ 
 both great and noble, has been made. 
 It woujd therefore be abfurd to imagine, 
 that aoy legal attempt will ever be thought 
 of to difturb the peace and harmony 
 of a Ibciety fo truly refpedable and fo 
 highly honoured. 
 
 I will nov beg leave to offer a few re- 
 marks on the old MS. which Mr. Locke 
 has fo faithfully copied, and which feems 
 to have engaged his attention in a par- 
 ticular manner, by his enriching it with 
 many curious and ufcful elucidations. 
 His conjeftures, concerning its being an 
 
REMARKS. 1S1 
 
 cxartiination taken before king Henry of 
 feme one of the fraternity of mafons, are 
 very juft. The fcvere edi£l pafTed at that 
 time againft the fociety, and the difcou- 
 ragement given to the mafons by the 
 bifhop of Winchefter and his party, in- 
 duced that prince, in his riper years, to 
 make a ftrider fcrutiny into the nature of 
 the mafonic inftitution, which was fortu- 
 nately attended with this happy circum- 
 Aance, of gaining his favour, together with 
 his patronage. Had not the didurbanoes 
 and civil commotioiw in the kingdom, du- 
 ring his reign, fokly attradled the notice 
 of government, it is more than probable 
 this adt would have been repealed, 
 through the interceflion qf the duke of 
 Gloucefterj whofe attachment to the fo- 
 
158 REMARKS, 
 
 ciety, we have already obferved, was par- 
 ticularly confpicuous. 
 
 REMARKS on the Questions, and 
 on the Annotations of Mr. Locke. 
 
 I, 
 
 * P. 109. 117. What mote ytt be?] 
 Mr. Locke obferves, in his annotation 
 on this queftign, that the anfwer to it 
 imports, that mafonry confifts of natural, 
 mathematical, and mechanical knowlege s 
 fome part of which the mafons pretend 
 to have taught the reft of mankind) and 
 
 * The firft number refers to the page of the 
 queftions ; the fccond number to the page of the 
 
 notes, 
 
REMARKS. 159 
 
 fome part they ftill conceal. — The arts 
 which have been communicated to the 
 world by-mafons, are particularly fpeci- 
 fied in an anfwer to one of the following 
 qucftions-, as arc alfo thofe which they 
 have reftridled to themfclves for wife pur- 
 pofcs. — Morality might likewife have 
 been included in this anfwer, as it con- 
 ftltutes a principal part of the mafonic 
 fyftem ; every chara(fler, figure, and em- 
 blem, adopted by mafons, having a moral 
 tendency, and fcrvingto inculcate the prac- 
 tice of virtue. 
 
 II. 
 Page no. 117. Where did ytt bc- 
 gynne ?] Mr. Locke's remark on the an- 
 fwer to this queftion, that mafons believe 
 there were men in the eaft before Adamjt 
 
i6o REMARKS. 
 
 is indeed a mere conje<Slure. This opi- 
 nion may be confirmed by many learned 
 authors, but mafons comprehend the 
 true meaning of mafonry taking rife in 
 the eaft, and fpreading to the weft, with- 
 out having recourfe to the Prseadamites. 
 Eaft and weft, are terms peculiar to the 
 fociety, and, when mafonicaliy adopted, 
 are only intelligible to mafons j as they, 
 refer to certain forms and eftablifhed cuf» 
 toms among themfelves. 
 
 III. 
 Page no. irS. Who dyd brynge ytt 
 weftlye ?] The judicious corrediort of an 
 illiterate clerk, in the anfwer to this que f- 
 tion as well as the next, refleSs great 
 credit on the ingenious annotator. His 
 
REMARKS. t6i 
 
 explanation is juft, and his elucidation 
 accurate. 
 
 IV. 
 
 Page in. II 8. Howe comede ytt yn 
 Engelonde?] Pythagoras was regularly 
 initiated into mafonry; and being pro- 
 perly inftrufted in the myfteries of the 
 art, he was much improved^ and propa- 
 gated tlie principles of the order in other 
 countries into which he afterwards tra- 
 velled. The records of the fraternity in- 
 form us, that the ufagcs and cuftoms 
 among mafons have ever correlponded 
 ■with thole of the antient Egyptians, to 
 which they bear a near affinity. Thefe 
 philofopheris, unwilling to expofe their 
 myfteries to vulgar eyes, couched their 
 particular tenets and principles of polity 
 
i62 REMARKS. 
 
 under hieroglyphical figures, and exprcf- 
 fed their notions of government by figns 
 and fymbols, which they communicated 
 to their magi alone, and they were bound 
 by oath not to reveal them. Hence arofc 
 the Pythagorean fyftem, and many other 
 orders, of a more modern date. This 
 method of inculcating fublime truths and 
 important points of knowlege by alle- 
 gory, fecured them from defcending into 
 the familiar reach of every inattentive and 
 unprepared novice, from whom they 
 might not receive due veneration. A ft- 
 milar cuftom ftill prevails in many of the 
 eaftern nations. 
 
 V. 
 Page III. 121. Dothe maconnes dif- 
 couer here artes unto odhers ?] Mafons, 
 in all ages, have fludied the general good. 
 
REMARKS. 163 
 
 of mankind. Every art which is ufeful, 
 or neceflary for the fupport of authority 
 and prcfervation of good government, as 
 well as for promoting fcicnce, they have 
 cheerfully communicated to mankind, 
 Thofc matters which were of no public 
 importance, they have carefully preferved 
 in their own breafls ; fuch as, the tenets 
 of the order, their myftic forms, and par- 
 ticular cuftoriis. Thus they have beea 
 diftinguiftied in different countries, and 
 by this means have confined their privi- 
 leges to the juft and meritorious. 
 
 VI. 
 
 Page 112. 122. Whatte artes haueth 
 
 the maconnes techedde mankynde ?] The 
 
 arts which the mafons have publicly 
 
 taught, are here fpecified. It appears, to 
 
i64 REMARKS. 
 
 have furprifed the learned annotator, that 
 religipn fhould be ranked among the arts 
 propagated by the fraternity. Mafons 
 have ever, in compliance with the tenor 
 of their profeflion, paid due obedience to 
 the rnoral law, and have inculcated its 
 precepts with powerful energy on all 
 their followers. The doftrine of one 
 God, the creator and preferver of the uni« 
 v^erfe, has always been their firm belief. 
 Under the influence of this dodlrine, the- 
 condudl of the fraternity has been regu- 
 lated through a fuccefllon of ages. The 
 progrefs of knowlege and philofophy, 
 aided by divine revelation, having abo- 
 lifhed many of the vain fuperftitions of 
 antiquity, and enlightened the minds of 
 men with the knowlege of the true God 
 and the facred myfteries of the chriftian 
 
REMARKS. 165 
 
 faith, mafons have always acquicfced in, 
 and zealoully purfued every meafure which 
 might promote that holy religion, fo wifely 
 calculated to make men happy. In thofe 
 countries, however, where the gofpel has 
 not reached, and chriftianity difplayed her 
 beauties, the mafons have purfued the 
 univerfal religion or the religion of na- 
 ture i that is, to be good men and true, by 
 whatever denomination orperfuafion they 
 have been diftinguifhed. A cheerful com- 
 pliance with the eftabliOied religion of the 
 country in which they live, in fo far as it 
 correfponds with, and is agreeable to the 
 teftets of mafonry, is earneftly recom- 
 mended in all their aflemblies. This uni- 
 verfal conformity, notwithftanding private 
 fentiment and opinion, anfwers the laud- 
 able purpofe of conciliating true friend- 
 
i66 REMARKS. 
 
 fliip among men, and is an art few arc 
 qualified to learn, and ftill fewer to teacfi. 
 
 VII. 
 Page 113. 122. How commede ma- 
 connes more teachers than odher menne ?] 
 The anfwer implies, that raafons having 
 greater opportunities of improving their 
 natural parts, are better qualified to in- 
 ftruft others. Mr. Locke's obicrvation 
 on their having the art of finding new 
 arts, is very judicious, aijd his explanation 
 of it j utt. The fraternity have ever made the 
 ftudy of the arts a principal part of their 
 private amufement j in their feveral affem- 
 b'.ies nice and difficult theories have 
 been faithfully canvafled and wifely ex- 
 plained-, frcfh difcoveries have alfo been 
 produced, and thofc already knOwa 
 
REMARKS- 167 
 
 have been accvrately tlluftrated. The 
 different clafles eftabKfhed, the gradual 
 progreffion of knowlege communicated, 
 and the regularity obfervcd throughout 
 the whole fyftem of their government is 
 an evidcntproof of this aflertion. Thofe 
 initiated into the myfteries of the art foon 
 difcover that mafons are poffefled of the art 
 of finding out new arts ; to which know- 
 lege they gradually arrive by inftruAion 
 from, and familar intcrcourfe with, men 
 of genius and ability. 
 
 VIII. 
 Page 113. 123. What dothe the ma- 
 connes concele and hyde ?] The anfwer 
 imports, the ^rt of finding new arts, for 
 their profit and praife ; and then par-r 
 ticularizes the difFereot. arts they care^ 
 
i68 REMARKS, 
 
 fully conceal. Mr. Locke's, remark, that 
 this fhews too much regard for their own 
 fociety, an4' too little for the reft of man- 
 kind, is rather too feyere, when he has 
 admitted the propriety of concealing from 
 the world what is of no real public utility, 
 kft, being converted to bad ufes, thecon- 
 fequences might be prejudicial to fociety. 
 By the word praife^ is here meant honor 
 and refpeft, to which the mafons' were 
 ever in titled, and which only could give 
 credit to the wife doftrines they propa- 
 gated. Their fidelity has ever given tliem a 
 claim to cfteem, and the redtitude of their 
 manners has ever demanded veneration. 
 
 Mr. Locke has made feveral judicious 
 obfervations on the anfwer to this qucf- 
 tion. His being in the darit concerning 
 ^hc meaning of the faculty of Abrac, I 
 
 7. 
 
REMARKS. 169 
 
 am noways furprifed at, nor can i con- 
 ceive how he could olherwife be. Abrac 
 is an abbreviation of the word abraca- 
 dabra. In the days of ignorance and fa 
 perflition, that word had a magical figni- 
 fication. ftnd was written in a certain fbml 
 "peculiar to the craft. The explanation 
 of it is now loft. 
 
 Our celebrated, annotator has takerv no 
 notice of the mafons having the art of 
 working; miracles, and fbrefaying thtngs-to 
 come. Aftrology was received as one of 
 the afts which merited their patronage j 
 and the good ei^d^ refulting from the 
 ftudy of it, may fully vindicate the counte- 
 nance given by the mafons to this delufion^ 
 
 The ancient phiiofophers applied with 
 unwearied diligence to difcover the afpefts, • 
 magnitudes, diftances, motions and revolu- 
 
170 REMARKS. 
 
 tions of the heavenly bodies -, ami accord- 
 ing, to the difcoveries they tnade, pretended 
 to foretell future eventsi* and to deter- 
 mine concerning the fecrets of providence: 
 Hence this ftody grew, in a courfe of 
 time, to be a regular fcience, and was ad- 
 mitted among the other arts praifHfed fay 
 fnafbns. 
 
 Aftrology, it moft be ovimed, however 
 vain and delafivc in it&lf, ha« proved ex- 
 tremely ufefiU to Ttiankind, by proraoting 
 ihe exQcllent fcienee of aftronomy. . The 
 • vain hope of reading the fates of men, and 
 the fuccefs of their defigns, has been one 
 of the ftrongeft. motives to induce them, in 
 'all countries, to a«3it|pntive obfervation of 
 0iecelcftial bodies ; ■whence they have been 
 taoght to meafurc time, to mark the dura* 
 tion of feafons, and to regulate ihe aera- 
 tions of agriculture. 
 
REMKllKS. 171 
 
 IX. 
 Page 114. Wylle he techc me thay 
 fame artes P] By the atifwerto this quef*^ 
 t'loixt we learn the ncceflary qualiflcattons 
 which are required in a candidate for 
 mafonry >, a good chara^er, and an abk 
 rapacity. 
 
 Page 1x4. Dot;he all maconncs kunne 
 more then odher mennc?] The anfwcr 
 only implies, that mafons have a better 
 opporttinity than the reft of marikHid, of 
 rmpTOvir^ in ufeful knowlcge. 
 
 XI. 
 Page 115. Aremaconnesguddcrfnenne 
 than odhers ?] Mafons are not underftood 
 %a l>e more virtupus in their lives and 
 I z 
 
172 REMARKS, 
 
 adionSj than other men may be,j but it 
 is an undoubted £a&^ that a ftrid con- 
 formity to the rules of their profefllon 
 may make them better men than ihey 
 otherwiie would be. 
 
 XII. 
 page 115. Dothe maconnes love eidher 
 odher myghtylye as beeth fayde ?} The 
 anfwer to this quefl,5on is truly greatj and 
 ss judicioofly remarked upon by the 
 teamed aniiotator. 
 
 By the anfwers to the three laft quef- 
 tions) mafonry is vindicated againfl: all- 
 the objeftions of cavillers j its excellency 
 is difplayed -, and every cenfure againU 
 jt, on account of the tranfgrc/nens of its 
 profeffiirs, enth«ly removed. — No bad. 
 man can be enrolled in our records^ if 
 
REMARKS. 173 
 
 knoMvn to bt foj but fhould he impofe 
 upon us, and we unwarily are led to re- 
 reive him, our endeavours are exerted to 
 reform him : and, it b certain, by being a 
 niafon, he v/i)I become a better fobjeft to 
 his fovcrcjgn, and 4 more ufeful member 
 to the itate. 
 
 Upon the whole, Mr, Locke's obfer*- 
 vations on this curious rnanuftript, are 
 well defcrving a ferious and careful ex- 
 amination i an4therie remains little doubt, 
 but the favourable opinion he conceived 
 of the fociety of mafons before his ad^ 
 niifnon, was fufficiently confirmed after 
 his initiation. 
 
 Of all the arts which the mafons pro- 
 fefe, the art of keeping a (terete particu- 
 I3 
 
X74 REMARKS. 
 
 larly diftinguifhes them. Secrecy is a 
 proof of wifdom, and is of the utmoft 
 importance in the different tranfafkions of 
 life. Sacred, as well as profane, hiftory, 
 has declared it to be an art of inefti- 
 mable value. Secrecy is agreeable to the 
 jpcUy himfelf, who gives the glorious eK- 
 ample, by concealing from mankind the 
 fecrets of his providence. The wifeft of 
 men cannot pry into the arcana of heavtn, 
 nor can tihey divine to-day what to-mor' 
 fovf may bring forth. Many inftances 
 maybe adduced from hiftory, of the great 
 veneration that was paid to this art by 
 the ancients i but I (hall only feledl a fev^ 
 for the prefent entertainment of the reader. 
 
 Pliny informs us, tiiatAnaxarchui, be- 
 ing imprifoned with a view to txtort from 
 
REMARKS. 175 
 
 bim fomc fecrets with which he had been 
 entrufted, and dreading that exquifrte tor- 
 ture might induce him to betray his truftj 
 bit his tongue in the middle, and threw 
 it in the face of Nicocreon, the tyrant of 
 Cyprus. — No torments could make the 
 fervants of Plancus betray the fecrets of 
 their matter % with fortitude they encour*- 
 tered cverypain, and flrenuouilyfup ported 
 Uieir ftdclity, till death put a period to their 
 fiafFerings. — The Athenians had aftatue of 
 bcafsvto which they bowed ; the figure was 
 reprcfcnted without a tongue to denote fe- 
 crecy. — The Egyptians worlhipped Har- 
 jxjcrates, the god of filence, who was always 
 Tcprefented holding his finger at his ih<Hith. 
 .r-Tbe Romans bad likewifc their godd^ 
 of filence, named Angerona, to >yhom they 
 oflfcricd worlhip. — In fhort, the multi- 
 I4 
 
: -6 REMARKS, 
 
 pUcity of examples, -which might be 
 t-rought to confirnt) the regard that was 
 :.<ajd to this virtue in the early ages, 
 would increafe the plan of my work fer 
 c eyond its prefcribed limits ; fufSce it to 
 rAjferve, that Lycurgiis» the eelebratcd 
 lai»^iver, as vreH as. PytliiagoTa.?, the great 
 fehotar, particularly recomtneaded this viv- 
 tue: sipecially tfie laft, w^o kept his difcU 
 pies file^t during ftyren yearsj that they 
 might learn the valuable fecrets he had to 
 communicate 111159 them i thereby expre& 
 fing that fccrecy waS the rateftj as \/d\ as 
 the nobieft, art. 
 
 I lliall concltide my remarks with th^ 
 ivllowing ftory^ related by a Roman hifto- 
 riri, which, as ft may be equally pleafing 
 and inftruftiTe, I fhall give at full length. 
 
REMARKS. t77 
 
 The fenators of Rome had ordained, 
 that, during their confultations in the fe- 
 natc-houfe, each brother fenator (hould be 
 jpcrmitted to bring his fon with him, who 
 was to depart if occaflon required. This 
 favour, however, was not general, but re- 
 ftrifted only to the fons of noblemen ; who 
 were tutored from their infancy in the vir- 
 tueo/fecrecy,and thereby qualified, in their 
 riper years, to difcharge the moft import- 
 ant offices of government with fidelity 
 and wifdom. About this time it hap- 
 pened, that the fenators met on a very 
 important cafe, and the affair requiring 
 mature deliberation, they were detained 
 longer than ufual in the fenate-houfe, and 
 the conclufion of their determinations ad- 
 journed to the followingday ; each member 
 engaging, in the mean time, to keep fecret 
 l5 
 
178 REMARKS, 
 
 the tranfa(5lions of the meeting. Among 
 other noblemen's fons, who had attended 
 on the occafion, was, the fon of the grave 
 Papyrus •, a family of great renown and 
 fplendoe. The young Papyrus was no 
 leis remarkable for his genius, than for 
 the prudence of his deportment. On his 
 return home, -KU mother, anxious to know 
 -what important cafe had been debated in 
 the ienate that day, which had detained the 
 fenators fo long beyond the ufual hour, irv- 
 treated him to relate the particulars. The 
 noble and virtuous youth told her, it was a 
 bulinefs not in his power to reveal, he be- 
 ing folcmnly enjoined to fiknce^ On hear- 
 ing this, her importunities were moce 
 earneft, and her inquiries more minute. 
 Intelligence Ihe muft havcv all cvafioia 
 
REMARKS. 179 
 
 were vain. Firft, by fair fpceches and 
 imrcaties, with liberal promifcs, Ihe en- 
 deavoured to break open this little cafltet 
 of fecrecy -, then finding her efforts in 
 vain, (he adopted rigorous mcafures, and 
 had recourfe to ftripes and violent threats i 
 firmly perfuadcd that force would extort; 
 what lenity could not effcft. The youth, 
 finding his mother's threats to be very 
 harfh, but her ftripes more fevere ; com- 
 paring his love to her, as his mother, with 
 the duty he owed to his father ; the one 
 mighty, but the other impuliive; lays her 
 and her fond conceit in one fcale i his 
 father, his own honour, and. the folemn. 
 injunflions to fecrecy in the other fcale ; 
 and finding the latter greatly prepon- 
 derate, with a noble and heroic fpirit prc- 
 
 fcrved liis honour, at the rifle of his mo- 
 16 
 
tSo REMARKS. 
 
 ther's difpleafure j and thus endeavoured 
 
 to relieve her anxiety. 
 
 " Madarn^ and dear mother, you may 
 ••^ well blame the fenate for their long 
 *• fitting, at leaft for prefuming to call 
 ** in queftion a caie fa trul^ impertinent j 
 ** except th^ wives of the feoators are al 
 ** lowed to confult thereon, thexe can be 
 • ^ no hope of a concl u fi on^ I ipeak this 
 " only, from my own opinion; I know 
 *' their gravity will eafiJy coirfoimd my 
 •* juvenile appfehetvGons v yet^, whether 
 ** nature or duty inftru£b. ms to da foj 
 ** I cannot tell. It fcems neceflary to 
 •^ them,, for the increaf^ of people, and 
 " the public good, that every fenator 
 '* ihould bs allowed two wives j or oth€r- 
 " wife, their wives two hnibands.' I fball 
 " hardly incline to call^ under one. roo^ 
 
REMARKS. lit 
 
 *' tvfO men by the name of father ; I had 
 " rather with cheerfulncfs falute two 
 •* women by the name of mother. This> 
 ** is the queftton) mother } and to-morrow 
 •* it is to be determined.'* 
 
 His mother hearing this, and his feenv 
 ing unwilling to reveal it, Ihe took it for 
 an infallible trutli. Her blood was quickly. 
 
 firedj and rage enfued. Without in- 
 qoiring any farther into the merits of the ■ 
 cafe, ihe immediately difpatched meffen^ 
 gers to all the other ladies and matrons. 
 of Rome, acquaintrag them of this 
 weighty affair now under deliberation^ iir 
 v^hich the peace and welfare of their 
 whole lives was fo nearly concerned.-- The 
 melancholy news foon fpread a general 
 alarm; a thoufand conjedSlores were 
 formed, and the ladies being refolvcd^tQ 
 
i82 REMARKS. 
 
 give their adiftaTice in the decidon of 
 this vreighcy pointy immediate]/ af«- 
 fcmbledj and headed by young Papyrus' 8 
 mother, on the next moffniogy proceeded 
 to the fenate-houie. Though it is re- 
 marked that a parliament of women are 
 fcldom governed by. one fpcaker, yet the 
 affair being {o ur^gcntj the hafte as perti- 
 nent, and the cafe (on their behalf) of the 
 utmoft Gonfequence, the revealing woman 
 muft fpeak for all the reft, and infift on 
 the neceffity of the concurrence of the 
 feuators wives to the deteraiination of a 
 Jaw in which they were Qj particaJarly 
 interefted. When they came to the door 
 ofihjc fcnate-houfe, fuch a noifewas made, 
 for admiflfon to fit wkh their hufbands in 
 this grand confottation, that all Rome 
 £eetned to be in an upfoaF^ Their bufine^ 
 
REMARKS, 183 
 
 mud be known before they have audience; 
 
 which being complied with, and their ad- 
 
 .miflion granted, fuch an elaborate oration 
 
 was made by the female fpeaker on the 
 
 occaGon, in behalf of her fex, as aftoniihed 
 
 the whole fenators. She requefted, that 
 
 the xnatter might be feriouily canvafTed 
 
 according to juflice and equity', and ex<- 
 
 preiled the determined refolutions of all 
 
 her fiflecs, to oppofe a meafore fo unconf 
 
 iHtutional, as that of perjnitcing one hu& 
 
 band to have two wives, who could fcarcely 
 
 pleafe one : ihe propofed, as the moQ: 
 
 efFeflual way of peopling the ftate, that 
 
 if any alteration was . made in the eftar 
 
 biifhed cuIVom of Rome, women might be 
 
 permitted to have two hufbands. — Upon 
 
 the riddle being folved, the ladies were 
 
 greatly confoundcdi and departed wfth 
 
r84 REMARKS. 
 
 blufhing cheeks ; wfiile the noble yovth, 
 who had thus proved himfelf worthy of 
 his truft, was highly commeilidcd for his 
 fidelity, Howeverj in order to avoid a 
 like tumult in future, the fenate r^folved, 
 that the cuftom of intfodocing their fons 
 fhould be abolifhed ; but that young 
 Papyros, on account of bis attachment to 
 his word, and his difcreeC policy, fhould 
 be freely admitted, and ever afterwards be 
 dignified and. rewarded. 
 
 The virtue and fidelity of Papyrus is 
 truly worthy of imitation j but the mafons 
 have ftill a more glorious example in their 
 own body, of a brother *, accotnplilhcd in 
 every sort, who, rather, than . forfeit his 
 honor> or betray his truft* fell a fecrifice 
 to the cruel hand <^ a barbarous alTafllR 
 * Hifam Abbiill 
 
REMARKS. I85 
 
 E U L O G I U M. 
 
 " Masonry ftamps an indelible mark 
 « of pre-eminence on all its ^rofsSbrs, 
 ** v/hicli neither chance, powefj nor fbr- 
 •* ^unt can beftow on thofe who have not 
 •' been initiated into its myftcries. It is a 
 " fure foundation of tranquility amidft all 
 ' ' ihc difappointments of life } it is a friend 
 *• who -will not deceive, but will comfort 
 ** una affifV, both in profpcrity and adver- 
 " iity ; it is a bleffing which will remain 
 " with all times» circumft^nccs and 
 *' p}ac«8, and may be Iiad recourfe to, 
 » vvhcn all other earthly comforts fail. 
 
186 REMARKS. 
 
 " Mafonry gives real and intrinfic excct- 
 **■ lence to man, and renders him fit for 
 ** the duties of fbcial life. It calms 
 " domeftic ftrife, is company in folitudc, 
 ** ind gives vivacity, variety and energy 
 *• to fecial converfatbn. Li youth it 
 " calms the pafllons, and employs ufe- 
 ** fully our moft aftive faculties j and in 
 ** old age, when ficknefs, imbecility and 
 ** difcafc have benumbed every corporeal 
 *' ftnfe, and rendered the union of foul 
 ** and body afmoft intolerable, it yields 
 «* an inexhauftible fund of comfort and 
 « fatisfaftion. 
 
 '* Such are the general advantages of 
 ** mafonry; to enumerate them fepa- 
 •* rately, would be an md^lds labour ; 
 "■ fufficc it to fey, that he who is pofieft 
 " of this true fcicncc, and afts agreeably 
 
REMARKS. 187 
 
 ** to the charafter he bears, has within 
 ** himfelf the fpring and fupport of 
 ** every focial virtue j a fubjeft of contcm- 
 ** plation that enlarges the mind, and 
 *» expands every mental power j a fub- 
 ** jeft that is inexhauftible, is ever new, 
 «* and always interefting " 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 A CHARGE* 
 
 O N 
 
 MASONRY. 
 
 To be delivered after the ceremony of 
 Initiation into the Firft Degree 
 
 Brother 
 
 AS I hare had the honour to intro- 
 ducc you into the firft principles 
 of our Royal Order, I have now the plear 
 furc to congratulate you on being ac- 
 cepted a Member of this moft ancient 
 
 * This charge was printed by itfelf in 1769. 
 and infcribed to the honourable Chahles Dillon* 
 who was pleafed to give it Ki( patronage. 
 
I9Z A P P E N D I X> 
 
 and honourable Society! ancient, as hav- 
 ing fubfifted from time iimnemorial 5 and 
 honourable, as tendings in every parti- 
 cular! to render all men fo, who will be 
 but conformable -to its ^orious precepts. 
 No feciety ever ilibfifted which was raifcd 
 on a better principle or more folid foun- 
 dation i nor were ever more excellent 
 rules and ufcful maxirns laid down, than 
 are inculcated on all perfons when ini* 
 tiated into the myfteries of this fcience. 
 Monarchs, in all ages, have been encou- 
 rftgcrs. and promoters of this Art;, and 
 have never deemed it derogatory from 
 their dignity to level themfelves with 
 the fraternity* to extend their privileges, 
 and to patronize their aflemblies. 
 
 As a gentleman and a mafon you are 
 bound to be a ftrift obferver of the moral 
 
APPENDIX. 193 
 
 law, as contained in this holy book ^ ; to 
 confider it as the unerring ftandard of 
 truth and juftice, and to regulate your 
 life and aflions by its divine precepts. 
 Herein your duty to God, to your neigh- 
 bour, and to yourfelf, is duly inculcated i 
 and; as a zealous attachment to thefe 
 duties will fecure both public and private 
 etteetn* I hope your future conduft wilt 
 amply evince the happy cfk&s of this 
 fraternal admonition. 
 
 In the ftate> you are to be a quiet and 
 peaceable fubjed, true to your fovereign^ 
 and juft to your country i never to coun* 
 tenance diOoyaltjr or rebellion^ but pai* 
 tiently to fubmit to magifterial authority^ 
 and conform with cheerfulnefs to the go- 
 * Hen the Msfter poinu to the Bible. 
 K 
 
194 APPENDIX. 
 
 vcrnment of the kingdom in which you 
 live. 
 
 In your outward demeanour, you are to 
 be particularly careful to avoid cenfure 
 or reproach \ and to beware of all thofe 
 who may artfully endeavour to infinuatc 
 thcmfelves into your efteem, with a view 
 to betray your virtuous rcfolutions, or 
 make you fwerve from the honourable 
 principles of this inftituticm. Let not in- 
 tereft, favour, or prejudice, ever biafs 
 your integrity, or influence you to be 
 guilty of a dishonorable adion; but let 
 the whole feries of your conduft and be- 
 haviotir be regular and uniform, and your 
 deportment fui table to the dignity of this 
 laudable pro&fllon. 
 
APPENDIX. 195 
 Above all other virtues, praftife bene- 
 volence and charity \ two of the moft diC- 
 tinguiftiing eharafteriftics of this vene- 
 rable inftitution. The inconceivable plea« 
 fure of contributing towards the relief oF 
 our fellow-creatures can only be experi- 
 enced by perfons of a humane difpoGtion; 
 who are naturally excited, by the power 
 of fympathy, to extend their aid in allevi- 
 ation of the miferies of others. This alone 
 encourages the generous foul to diftribute 
 his bounty with cheerfuinefs. By fup- 
 pofing himfelf in their unhappy fituationi 
 he liftens to their complaints with atten- 
 tion, bewails their misfortunes, and Ipeed- 
 ily relieves their diftrefi. 
 
 The next objeft of your attention, and 
 which more immediately relates to your. 
 K 2, 
 
196 A P P E M D 1 K. 
 
 prefent ftate, is our excellent Book of 
 Conftitutionsi containing the hiftory of 
 the Craft from the earlieft periods and an 
 entertaining detail of thofe noble peribn* 
 ages who have enriched the Art from 
 Adam to the prefent aera -, with all the 
 laws and regulations of th€ fociety, necef- 
 fafy for the inftruftion of the fraternity 4 
 and to which* I hope, you will ever con- 
 form and adhere. 
 
 A puncfhial attendance on our aflem- 
 blies I would next enjoin> more efpecially 
 on the duties of this lodge. Here, as in 
 all other regular meetings of the frater- 
 nity, you are to behave with due order 
 and decorum, that harmony may be pre- 
 ferved, and the bufinefe of the fociety be 
 properjiy conduced. You are not to lay. 
 
APPENDIX, 197 
 
 or offer to lay, wagers ; nor uie any unbe- 
 coming language in derogation of the 
 name of God, or towards the corruption of 
 good manners } neither are you to intro- 
 duce, fupport, or maintain any difpute 
 about religion or politics ; nor to behave 
 yourfclf ludicroufly while the lodge is en- 
 gag,ed in what is ierious and important-, 
 but to pay a proper deference and refpeft 
 to the Mailer and prefiding officers, and 
 diligently to apply to your work in ma- 
 fonry, that you may the fooner become a 
 proficient therein, as well for your own 
 reputation, as the honor of the lodge in 
 which you have been made. 
 
 However, although I would earncftly 
 folicic your frequent appearance at our 
 r^lar meeiiags, yet I mean not to in- 
 K3 
 
198 APPEND! X 
 
 terfere with your accsHkry avocations ; 
 for theie are on no occafion to be neg- 
 lefted. At your ieifure hours you are 
 required to fhjdjr -only the liberal art* 
 and fciencesi, and, by that means, with 
 a few private inftrudions, you will foon 
 attain a competent knowlege of our ma- 
 fonic inyderies. 
 
 Before I conclude, I fnwft lecal to your 
 memory the abfolute neceiTity of keeping 
 inviolable every particular inftrudlion of 
 this folemni charge; and that if €ver 
 in the circle of your acquaintance, you 
 ihould find one defirous of being accepted 
 amorg mafons, you will be particularly 
 attentive not tp recommend him, unlefs 
 you are convinced he will conform to thefe 
 rules 3 in order that the hoaour, glory. 
 
APPENDIX. 199 
 
 and reputation of this noble inftitu- 
 tion may be firmly eftablifbed, and the 
 popular world be fully convinced of its 
 benign influence. 
 
 Thus, brother, I have recapitnlated 
 thofe duties I could wilh you carefully to 
 obfervci and hope, from the apparent er- 
 tention you have paid to their recital, 
 that you will cftimatc their real value: and 
 ever imprint on your mind the facred dic- 
 tates of truth, honor, and juftice» 
 
 K* 
 
aoo APPENDIX. 
 
 A CHARGE, 
 
 To Jbe delivered at Initiation into the 
 Second Degree. 
 
 Brother, 
 
 BEING now advanced to the fecond 
 degree of mafonry, it is my pro- 
 vince to congratulate you on your prefer- 
 ment Yo Uf mofV know» that the internal, 
 tnd not the external, qualifications of a 
 man are w?iat fna&my regards. As you 
 increafe in knowlege, you mil conie- 
 quentljF improve in ibcial intercourfe. I 
 ^all not therefore recapitulate the feveral 
 duties, which, as a maibn, you are bound 
 to difcharge ; or enlarge on the necefllty 
 of a RnQ. adherence to them, as your own 
 experience muft have fufficieutly convinced 
 
APPENDIX, 201 
 
 you of their importance and tjtility. Suffice 
 it to obferve, that your paft behaviour and 
 regular deportment has merited this addi- 
 tional honor which we nov/ confer; and 
 that, m your new charafter, it is expcAtd 
 you will always conform to the principles 
 of mafonry, and fteadily perfevere in the 
 pra^ice of every commendable virtue. 
 
 The Xhidy of the liberal arts, that va^ 
 luable branch of education, .which tends 
 fo eife^ually to polifh and adorn the hu* 
 man mind, I would earneftly recommend 
 to your ferious confideratton \ cfpecially 
 the noble fcience of geometry, which is 
 eftabllfhed as the bafis on which the fupcr- 
 (Irufture of mafonry is ereftcd. This fci- 
 ence, being both of a divine and moral na- 
 ture , isenriehed withthe moft ufeful loKnw 
 K5 
 
202 APPENDIX* 
 
 lege ; and, while it proves the wonderful 
 properties of nature, it alfo demonftrates. 
 the Tttore important truths of morality. 
 
 As the folemnhy of our different cere- 
 monies alwaya requires a grave and feri- 
 OU5 deportment you are to he particularly 
 attentive to your behaviour in our regu- 
 lar aflemblies j to preferve the antient 
 ufages and cuftoms of the fratermty fa- 
 cred and invioiable ; and to endeavour to 
 induce others, by your example, to hold 
 them in due veneration. 
 
 The laws and regulations of the fociety 
 you are to fupport and maintain j and be 
 ever ready to affift in feeing them duly 
 executed. You are neither to palliate 
 nor aggravate the offence^ of your hre- 
 
APPENDIX. 203 
 
 thren ; but, in the decifion of every treC- 
 pafs againft our rules, you are to judge 
 v(ith candor, to admonifh with friend- 
 ihip, and to punlHi with juftice. 
 
 In our private zl^mhVies, you msy 
 oSht your fentiments and opinions on va^ 
 rious branches of ufeful knoHrlqge, fo far 
 as they correfpond with, and are gree* 
 able to, the tenets on mafonry. Thus 
 you may improve your rational and Intel- 
 lediual powers i qualify yourfelf to be- 
 come an ufeful member of fociety -, and 
 vie with your brethren, in your endea- 
 vours to excel in every thing that is good 
 and great. 
 
 Every regular fign or fummons, given 
 and received, you are duly to honor, and 
 iC 6 
 
204 APPENDIX. 
 punftually to obey; inromuch as they 
 confift: with our profeflid principles. 
 You are cheerfxilly to relieve the necefli- 
 ties of your brethren to the utmoil of 
 your power and Ability^ without prejudice 
 to yourfelf or your private concerns : and 
 you are, on no account, to injure a bro- 
 ther, or to fee him injured } but you are 
 to apprife him of all approaching dan- 
 gers, and to View his intereft as your own. 
 
 Such is the nature of your prefent en- 
 gagements ', and to thefe duties you are 
 now bound by the moft facrcd ties. 
 
APPENDIX. i05 
 
 A CHARGE. 
 
 To be delivered at Initiation Into the 
 Third P^fce. 
 
 Brother, 
 TTAVING arrived at this refpeftable 
 •• ^ degree, with equal pleafure and 
 joy, I falute you. Your zeal for this 
 honourable inftitution, your knowlege in 
 our facred myfteries, and your ftedfaft 
 conformity to all our wife and ufeful re- 
 gulations, have pointed you out as a 
 proper objeft for this diftinguifhing mark 
 of our fraternal afTeftion. 
 
 Duty now binds you, as -well as honor 
 and gratitude, to be faithful to every 
 truft } to fupport the dignity of the fociety 
 
206 APPENDIX. 
 
 on all occafions, and to recommend a due 
 obedience to our incomparable tenets. 
 The principles of mafonrp will certatnly^ 
 induce you to adhere ca all the duties 
 contained in our various le^ures i I (hall 
 not therefore enlarge on this fubjefti but 
 requeft diat, by precept and exannple^ 
 you may enforce our laws % thereby con- 
 vincing the world that merit is the only 
 title to our privileges, and that on you our 
 favours are not ondelervedly bellowed. 
 
 In the charafter of a matter mafbn, 
 you are authorized to conefl the irregu^ 
 larities of your brethren ; if any of them 
 have, tiiroughi heedlefTnefs and inatteii- 
 tion* deviated from our excellent rules | 
 you are to be to them « perpetual mo- 
 nitor of their errors, to fortify their 
 
 5 
 
APPENDIX. ao7 
 minds with refolation to refift the 
 temptations of the wild and imprudent, 
 and to guard them againft every allure- 
 ment to VICIOUS praftices. On all occa- 
 iions you are to caution the inexperienced 
 againft a breach of fidelity, and, as much 
 as lies in your power, preferve the repu- 
 tation of the fociety at large. You are 
 to recommend to your inferiors, obedi- 
 ence and fubmifliOn j to your equals, 
 coortefy and affability i and to your fu- 
 periors, kindnefe and condefcenfion, Uni- 
 verfal benevolence you are zealoufly to 
 inculcate; and qualify yourfelf, byargo- 
 meat» to remove every afperflon againft 
 this venerable inftitution. Our ancient 
 landmarks you are carefully to preferve, 
 and never Co fuffer any infringement of 
 them i or, on any pretence^ to countenance 
 
2o8 APPENDIX. 
 
 deviations from the eftablilhed wfages and 
 cuftotns of the order. 
 
 Your zeal for virtue* your honour as a 
 gentleman, your reputation as a mafon 
 are all equally toncerned in fupporting, 
 with becoming dignity, the charadler in 
 which you now appear^ let no motive 
 therefore make you fwerve from your 
 duty, violate your vows^ or betray your 
 truft i but be true and faithful^ and imi* 
 tate the glorious example of that cele- 
 brated artift, Vhom you have this evening 
 rcprefented. Thug you will prove your- 
 felf worthy of the confidence which we 
 have repofed in you, and defcrving of every 
 honor which wc can confer. 
 
APPENDIX. 209 
 
 A PRAYER, 
 Ufed at opening the Lodge. 
 
 V/TAY the favour of Heaven be upon 
 this our happy meeting ; may it be 
 begun, carried on, and ended with order,, 
 harmony, and brotherly love. Amen. 
 
 A PRAYER. 
 
 Ufed at clofing the Lodge. 
 Jy^AV the blefBng o( Heaven be with 
 us, and all regular mafons ; to beau- 
 tify and cement us with every moral and 
 focial virtue. Amen. 
 
 A PRAYER, 
 Ufed at the Inidation of a Candidate. 
 
 •l^Ouchfafe thy aid. Almighty Father 
 
 and fupreme governor of the world, 
 
 on this our prefent convention ; and grant 
 
210 APPENDIX. 
 
 that this candidate for mafonry may de- 
 dicate and devote his life to thy fcrvice, 
 and become a true and faithful brother 
 among us. Endue him with a compe- 
 tence of thy divine wifdom, that, by the 
 fecrets of this art, he may be better cna- 
 tied to unfold tlie myfterics of godlineis, 
 to the hoftor of thy h<^y name. Amen, 
 
 A DECLAKATION, 
 
 To be fubfcribed, or aCfented to, by every 
 
 Candidate for Nafonr/^ previous to his 
 
 lixitiatiorv 
 
 «♦ T A. R do ferioufly dtcJare upon my 
 * honor, ihal unbiaffed by ftiends and 
 *^ uninilaenc«d by mercenary motives* 1 
 
APPENDIX. 211 
 
 ** freely and voluntarily offer myfclf a 
 " candidate for tJie mj^teries of mafonry ; 
 *■' that 1 am folely prompted by a favour- 
 " able opinion conceived of the inflitu- 
 " tion, a defire of kruivvlege, and a 
 ** fincere wiJh of being fcrviceable to my 
 " fellow-creatures ; and that 1 will cheer- 
 *' fully conform to all the ancient efta' 
 *' blilhed ufages and cuftoms of the 
 *' fociety. As witncfs my hand, this 
 ** day of 
 
 (Signed) 
 
 « E. F.'} Witnefles. ^' 
 
 When the above declaration is made and 
 attefted, the candidate is then propofed in 
 opca lodge, in manner following : 
 
ai2 APPENDIX. 
 
 " Right Worftiipful Mafter and bre- 
 
 " thren, 
 " At the earneft requeft of Mr. A. B. 
 " {mentioning his profejjion and refidenee,"] 
 *' I propofe him as a candidate for our 
 •* myfteries. From a knowlege of his 
 *• charajfter, I recommend him as worthy 
 *' to partake of the privileges of mafonry ; 
 ** and in confequence of a declaration of 
 " his intentions, made, figned, and pro- 
 " perly attefted, I firmly believe he will 
 ** cheerfully conform to all the rules of 
 ♦» this foclety." 
 
 dWJ^ 
 
APPENDIX. ai^ 
 
 THE 
 MANNER 
 
 O F 
 
 Conftitutlng a Lodge, 
 
 According to ancient Ufage: 
 
 WITH 
 
 The Ceremony of Consecration. 
 
 ANY number of Mader-mafonx, not 
 ■*• ^ under feven, refolved to form thetn- 
 felves into a New Lodge, mull apply, by 
 petition, to the Grand Mafter} fetting 
 forth, ** That they are regular-made ma- 
 *• fons, and prefcnt members of different 
 " lodges under the conftitution of Eng- 
 «• land : That they have the profperity 
 
214 APPENDIX. 
 
 <* of the fociety at heart, and are willing 
 *• to exert their bcft endeavours to pro- 
 ** mote the principles of raafonry : That» 
 «« for the convcniehcy of their re(peftive 
 «' dwellings, and other good reafons, 
 «♦ they have agreed to form themfelves 
 «< into aNew Lodge, to be named — — — -, 
 «' and have nominated A. B. to be the 
 *' Matter, CD. to be the Senior Warden, 
 •* and E. F. to be the Junior Warden : 
 *« That, in confcquence of tliis refolution, 
 ** they pray for a warrant of conftitutk)n, 
 *( to impower chem to ailemble, and bold 
 «* a regular lodge on the — — of every 
 " month* at the houfe of G. H. known 
 
 «• by the fign of — — , in ^, and 
 
 *« then and there to make, pafs, and 
 " raife mafons, according to the regular 
 
APPENDIX. 2J5 
 
 ^ forms of th^ fociety, and to execute all 
 «* the other duties of the craft: That, 
 *' the prayer of their petition being 
 <• granted, they will faithfully obey all 
 ** the edifts or commands of the Grand 
 << Mafter, and ftrt^ly conform to all 
 ** the laws and regulations of the Grand 
 " Lodge." 
 
 This petition, being properly figned, 
 and recommended by three Matters of 
 regular lodges, muft be delivered to the 
 Grand Secretary •, who, on prefenting it to 
 the Deputy GraiSd Mafter, and his approv- 
 ing of ic, will grant a difpenfation s autho- 
 rifing the brethren fpecified in it, to aS~ 
 femble as malbns for forty days, or until 
 fuch time as a conftitution fhall be granted, 
 or that authority be recalled. 
 
2i6 APPENDIX. 
 
 In confequence of this difpeniation, a 
 lodge may be held at the place there 
 fpecifted ; and its tranfadtions, being pro- 
 perly recorded, will be equally valid, for 
 the time being, with thofe of a regular 
 conftituted lodge. 
 
 The petition is prefented by the De- 
 puty Grand Mafter to the Grand Mailer^ 
 who being fatisfied of the truth of the 
 allegations it contains, appoints a day 
 and hour for conftituting [and confe- 
 crating *} this New Lodge i and for inftal- 
 ling the Mafter, Wardens, and other offi- 
 cers of the iame. 
 
 If the Grand Mafter attends, with all 
 
 his OfHcers» the lodge will be conftituted 
 
 IN AMPLE FORM } if the Deputy Grand 
 
 Mafter and theotherGrand Officers attend* 
 
 • This is too Ireiiuently omitted* 
 
APPENDIX. 217 
 
 it will be condituted in doe form j but 
 if the power is vefted in any fubordinate 
 lodge, it will only be conftituted in form. 
 On the day and hour appointed, the 
 Grand Mafter, with his Officers, [or the 
 Mafter and Officers of any private lodge 
 authorized by the Grand Mafter,] meet in 
 a convenient room, and being properly 
 clothed, walk in proccflion to the lodge 
 room. The lodge is opened by the Grand 
 Mafter in all the different degrees of ma- 
 ibnry. A prayer being repeated in due form, 
 and an ode in honor of the focicty fung, the 
 Grand Mafter [or Mafter in the Chair] 
 is informed, *' That a certain number of 
 " brethren then prefent, duly inftrufted 
 •* in the myfteries of mafonry, defire to 
 « be formed into a New Lodge, under 
 *» his Worlhip*s [or the Grand Mafter'sj 
 
218 APPENDIX. 
 
 •* patronage ; that & difpenfation had 
 ** been granted to thetn, by virtue of 
 " which authority they had aflembled as 
 ** regular mafons; and that the tranf- 
 *' adions of their fevcral meetings had 
 *' been properly recorded." The petl- 
 tiemsisthen read, as is aifo the difpenfacion, 
 end the warrant or charter of conftjtiK 
 tion, granted in confequence of it. The 
 minutes of all the tranfa£i:ion« of the 
 New Lodge, while under difpenfetion* 
 ore lifcewifc read, and bdng approved 
 of, they are declared to be regular and 
 valid. Then the Grand Mailer [or 
 Mafter hi the ChairJ takes the warrant 
 In his hand, arrf requcfts the brethren of 
 the New Liodge, to fignify their appro- 
 bation or difapprobation of the officers 
 nominated in the faid warrant to prcCde 
 over them. This facing fignified accord- 
 
APPENDIX. 219 
 rn^y, &n anthem is fung, and an oration 
 on the nature and defign of nialbnry i? 
 delivered.. 
 
 Ceremony of Consecration *. 
 
 The Cranfd Matter, attended by his 
 Officers, and fome dignified Clergyman, 
 form thcmfelves in order round the lodge 
 in the center } and, all devoutly kneeling, 
 the prepM*atory prayer is rehearfed. The 
 chaplain produces his authority, and 
 being properly aQlfled, proceeds to con- 
 fecrate. Solemn mufic ftrikes up, and 
 the neceffary preparations are made. 
 The firft claufeof the confecretion prayer 
 is. rehearfed, all devoutly kneeling ; and 
 
 * This is never to be ufcd but when ipeciatljr 
 ordered. 
 
 L z 
 
220 APPENDIX, 
 
 the refponfe is made, olory to God 
 ON HIGH. Inccnfe is fcattered over the 
 lodge, and the grand honors of mafonfjr 
 are given. The confecration prayer is 
 concluded, and the refponfe repeated, toge- 
 ther with the grand honors, as before. 
 All rifing upj folemn mufic is introduced, 
 after which the bleiBng is given, and the 
 refponfe made as before, accompanied 
 
 with the ufual honors. An anthem bein* 
 
 o 
 
 then fung, and the brethren of the New 
 Lodge coming forward, the Grand 
 Mafter pronounces thefe words : 
 
 " In this my facred charafter, and in 
 
 of the MOST HIGH, to whom 
 
 *' be glory and honor, I conftitute and 
 
 ** form thefe good brethren into a rcgu- 
 
 « lar Lodge of Free and Accepted IVIa- 
 
APPENDIX. 221 
 
 " fons } and may God be with them." 
 Amen. [Flourifh with drums and trum- 
 pets.] 
 
 The grand honors are once more re- 
 peatedj and the ceremony of conlecration 
 ends- 
 
 The Grand Mafter* then aflcs his de- 
 puty, " If he has examined the mafter 
 " nominated in the warrant, and whether 
 ♦' Ke finds him well fkilled in the noble 
 •* fcicnce, and the royal art?" Tlie de- 
 puty anfwering in the affirmative; he, by 
 the Grand Matter's order, takes the can- 
 didate from among his fellows, and pre- 
 fents him at the pcdeftal j faying, " Moft 
 
 • In this, and other (imilar inftances, where 
 the Grand Mafter is fpecified u afling ; may be 
 uaderftood any Mafter who performs the ceremony, 
 
 L3 
 
m 
 
 aaa APPENDIX' 
 
 " worftiipful Grand Matter, [or right 
 " worftiipful, as ir happens,] I prefent 
 " my worthy brother A' B. to be in- 
 " flailed Mafter of this New Lodge, 
 " knowing him to be of good morals 
 " aiid of great (kill» true and trufty, and 
 ♦' a lover of the whole fi^aternity, wherc- 
 " foever difperfed over the face of the 
 earth," The ancient charges and ge- 
 neral regulations are then read, and the 
 Grand Mailer addreffes the maftflt eleft, 
 " Do you fubPAit to tbefe charges, and 
 «f do you promife to fupport thefc regii- 
 •* lations, as mafters have done in all 
 " ages ?" The New Mafter having fig- 
 nified his cordial fubmiffion, is bound to 
 his truft, and inverted with the badge of 
 his oilice by the Grand Matter, who thus 
 falutes him: "Brother A. B. in confc- 
 
APPENDIX. a»3 
 
 " quence of the recommcndatioa I have 
 *' received of you» and your cheerful 
 ** conformity^ to the u^iges and cuftoms 
 *' df the fociety, I appoint you Mafter of 
 *• this New Lodge, not doubting of your 
 " care, fkill, and capacity " The war- 
 rant is then delivered over to the New 
 Mafter i after which the hiranv the Holy 
 Bible, the iquare and c^pjtfs, the book of 
 conftitutions, the minute booki the move- 
 able jewels, and all the infignia of his dif- 
 ferent oiBcers, are feparately prcfented to 
 him, and the neceflary charges luicable to 
 each, properly delivered*. The New 
 MaHier is then condu£ied by the Stewards, 
 amidtl the acclamations of the brethrep, to 
 the Grand Matter's left hand, where he rc- 
 
 * Tbe fame eeremoa/ it to »be afed at cveiy 
 Aicceeding ioftalUaoiu 
 
 L4 
 
324 APPENDIX 
 
 turns Misbecoming acknov/iedgments; to 
 the Grand Mafter fiift. snd to all the 
 reft in their order : after which he is 
 faluted by the mufic, with a fong fuit- 
 able to the occafion. Then the members 
 of the New Lodge advance, pay due 
 homage to the Grand Mafter, and fignify 
 their promife of fubjeftion and obedience 
 to their New Mafter, by the ufual congr*. 
 tulatiofis m tlSe different degrees of 
 mafonry. 
 
 The Grand Mafter then orders the New 
 Matter to enter immediately upon the 
 exercife of his office ; to wit, in appoint 
 ing his wardens, whoni he aceordingly 
 names. They are condufted up to the 
 pedeftal, and prefcnted to the Grand 
 Mafter ; after which the New Mafter pro- 
 
APPENDIX. 225 
 
 ceeds to invetfc them with he badges of 
 their offices in the following manner : 
 
 " Brother C. D. I appoint you Senior 
 *' "Warden of this lodge j and inveft you 
 " with the enfign of your office. Your 
 *• regular and early attendance I parti- 
 " cularly requeft, as in my abfence you 
 •* are to govern the lodge, and in my 
 *• prefence to alfift me in the government 
 ** of it. Your zeal for mafonry, joined 
 • to your ejctenfive abilities, will, no 
 
 doubt, enable you to difcharge the 
 ** duties of this important ftation to your. 
 ** own t-eputation, aod to the honor of 
 *• thofe over-whom you are now appointed 
 •* to prefide.'* 
 
 ** Brother E. F. I appoint you Junior 
 «« Warden of this lodge i and inveft you 
 *« with the badge of your office. To 
 1^5 
 
2z6 APPEND! X. 
 
 ** you I entruft the examination of vifi- 
 " tors, and the introdud^ion of candidates. 
 "I therefore requeft your regular and 
 <* punftual attendances Imd de^ubtnot but 
 ♦* your proficiency in m^fojiry will qualify 
 " you .to escecutc faithfully the duty you 
 ♦• owe to your prefent appointment,** 
 
 *• Brother Wardens, you are both too 
 " good members of our community, and 
 •* £00 expert *m the principles of nufoniy, 
 *• to require more ihfbrmaiujn in the 
 ** duties of your refpeftive offices : fiif- 
 ** fice it to mention, that I expedl what 
 *• you have feen praife- worthy in others, 
 *' you will carefully imitate; and what 
 ** in them may have appeared dciec- 
 *• tive, you will carefully avoid. Good 
 »* order and regularity you muft endea- 
 *' vour to promote, and by a due regard 
 «* to the laws in your own coodufl, en- 
 
APPENDIX. 227 
 
 " force a due obedience to them in that 
 •* of the other members." 
 
 The Wardens retiring to their feats, 
 the Treafurqr • is next invcfted. The 
 $eerpt9ry is then called up to the pedeftal, 
 and inrefted with the jewel of his office j 
 the Nov MaftcT thus addrefling him : 
 
 *^ I appoint you bnxhcr G. H. Seu-e>- 
 ** tary of this lodge. It is your province 
 " to record the miautes, fettle the ac- 
 ** counts, and ilTuc out the fummons for 
 " our regular meetings. I am v/ell con- 
 **' vinced your good inclinations to ma- 
 *♦ fonry will induce you to difeharge 
 •♦ this traft writh fidelity, ' and I doubc 
 *♦ not but your condudl ■will juftly merit 
 ** the efteem and applaufe of the lodge." 
 
 * This officer i» not appointed by the ma&tt, 
 bat eleded by tbe lodge. 
 
 L 6 
 
2a8 appendix. 
 
 The Stewards afe , then called up and 
 invcfted, and the foJlawing charge deli- 
 vered by the New Mafter : 
 
 " Brother I. K, md biX)ther L. M. 1 
 *' appoint yew Stewards of the lodge, 
 " The duties of you- Ofike are to in- 
 " troduce vifitors, and to fee that they 
 " are properly accommodated j to colledb 
 *• the quarterage and orher fees, and to 
 " keep an account of the lodge expences. 
 ** Your regular and early attendance, 
 <♦ will be the beft proof you can give of 
 •' your zeal for malbnry, and your attach- 
 *♦ ment to the lodge." 
 
 The Mafter then appoints the Tyler, 
 and delivers over in form the inftrument 
 of his office, witli the neceOary charge 
 on that occafion %. after wl^ich he addreffes 
 the members of the lodge as follows : 
 5 
 
APPENDIX. ^29 
 
 " Brethren, 
 " Such is the nature of our conftitu- 
 " tion, that as fome muft of neccflitv 
 " ruk and teach, fo others muft of courfe 
 " learn to fubmit and obey. Humility ia 
 *' both is therefore an eflential duty. I 
 ** am firmly perfuaded, that the brethren I 
 *' have appointed to fupport me in the go- 
 " vernment of this lodge, are too well ac- 
 *' quainted with the principles of mafonry, 
 «' and the rules of good breeding, to 
 ** extend their power -, and the other 
 •♦ members too fenfiblc of the neccffity 
 *' of their appointment, and of too gene- 
 " reus difpofitions, to envy their prefer- 
 «' nient. From the know lege I have of 
 " both, I make no doubt but we fliall 
 '« all concur in the grand dcfigii of being 
 «' happy, and of communicating hap- 
 " pinefs." 
 
2J0 APPENDIX. 
 
 The Grand Mafter then gives all the 
 brethren joy of their officers, and recom- 
 mends harmony ; exptefling his deiire 
 that their oply contention will be a laud- 
 able emulation in cultivating the royal 
 art, and the focial virtues. Upon which 
 all the New Lodge bow together, and 
 return thanks for the honor of the con- 
 ftitution. 
 
 The Grand Secretary then proclaims 
 the New Lodge three times, with the 
 honors of mafonry. Flourifh with horns 
 each time. 
 
 A long is then fung witli a grand 
 chorus. After which the New Matter 
 proceeds to explain the lodge. 
 
 The Grand Mafter then orders the 
 lodge to be regiftercd in the Grand Lodge 
 book, and the Grand Secretary to notify 
 the fjLtas to all other regular lodges. 
 
APPENDIX. Z2i 
 
 A fong * concludes the cntertainmcntt 
 when the lodge is clofed with ihi? wfual 
 foleinnuies in the dififerent degrees, by 
 the Grand Matter and his Officers j after 
 which they return in proceifien to the 
 aparwieni from whence they cuqe. 
 
 This is the fym, but not the whole 
 cJeremoniaU whi«;h the Grand Officers 
 can abridge or extend at pleaAtfC, 
 
 * Al) the (bflgs and anthemi, uk4 upoo this 
 
 »rni other occafion wfh tfce ipuliq ainiei^d, wjU 
 
 b€ilt(ertei ill a n*w wdfH. «> p«Cenf m th? profs, 
 
 intilad, T h« MuifCA*. MaSon, publiOied by 
 
 Brother W. Lbslic, and printed w the (amefiM 
 
 with thu Volume, 
 
 (Sm» 
 
232 APPENDIX. 
 
 THE 
 GEREMONT 
 
 OBSERVED AT 
 
 FUNERALS, 
 According to Ancient Cuftom: 
 
 WITH 
 
 The Service ufed on thofe occafions. 
 
 NO mafon dstn be interred with the 
 formalities of the order, unlefs it 
 has been by his own fpecial requeft, com- 
 municated to the Mafter of the lodge, of 
 which he is a member, before his deccafe ; 
 nor unleGi he has been advanced to the 
 
APPENDIX. 8,33 
 
 third degree of mafonry, and has died a 
 member of a regular conftituted lodge * 
 
 The Mafter of the lodge, on receiving 
 intelligence of his death, and being made 
 acquainted with the day and hour ap- 
 pointed for his funeral is to iffiie Ins 
 command for fummoning the lodge •, and. 
 immediately to make application, by the 
 Grand Secretary, to the Deputy Grand 
 Matter, for a 1^1 power and autfaority 
 ID attend the proceflion, with his officer? 
 and fuch brethren a* he may approve of, 
 properly clothed f . 
 
 • The Isil part of (his reftriftion has been 
 Wftved in behalf of foreigners and fojourner.i, hut 
 do«i not extend to refidents and natives. 
 
 t By an expreis law of the Grand Lodge, it in 
 etiaAed, " That no r^al«r mtSen do »tt?nd any 
 " funcrai or other pubJic proceflion, clothed with 
 '* the badges and ejtfigns o( the order ; iinle& a 
 
%U APPENDIX 
 
 The difptyifation being obtained^ the 
 Maftcr may invite as many lodlgcs as he 
 thinks proper^ and the memb^s of the 
 
 • 
 
 " difpenfation for that pitrpcrfe, has been ofitatn^ 
 " from the Grand Matter, or hi» iOeputy, tiniet 
 " the penalty of forfeiting all the righu and pri« 
 ** >ileges of the fociety ; and of being deprived of 
 " the benefit of the geoerat fuod of charityt (hould 
 " he be reduced to want." 
 
 As difpenfatioiu for pnbiic procefiiotta a/e fel> 
 hojo or never granted but uprn.v&ry particulai 
 occafuons, it cannot be thought that thfife will be 
 very frequent, or that regaiar mafons will incline 
 to infringe an eftablifhed law, by attending thofe 
 which afe «ot properly aathorifed. Many public 
 parades .under this chara£ter, it is true, have been 
 made of late years; but it raayfafelybe affirmed, that 
 they never received the fancKon of the Grand 
 Mailer, or the countenance of any regular mafon, 
 tomrerftnt with the laws of the fociety. Of this 
 the pablic may be ea£Iy convinced, if they reAed 
 that the reputation of the whole fraternity would 
 be at riflt by irregularis on fuch an oecafidn) 
 
APPENDIX. 235 
 
 faid lodges may accompany their officers 
 in form ; but the whole ceremony muft 
 be under the direction of the Mafter of 
 the lodge to which the deceafed belonged •, 
 and he, and his officers, muft be duly 
 honored, and cheerfully obeyed on the 
 occafion. 
 
 AU the brethren, who walk in proceC- 
 fion, fliould obfrrve, sls much as poflible, 
 
 abd it cannot be imagined, tiiat the Gr»nd MaKer, 
 
 who IS generally of noble birtti, would To £ar 
 
 <fegrade iKe dfgnicy «f Kis c&te, es fo hazard 
 
 ch« charadef of the fociety at large, by granting a 
 
 difpcnfatiFn from our dIaMiihed rules, for a pub. 
 
 Uc proeeflfon upon fo trifling an oceafion as a pri- 
 
 ate benefit at a playhoaft, pffblic garden, or other 
 
 ■ place of general refort ; vrhwe neither the inttreft 
 
 of the fratetnity, itor the ^sablJc good, if coo. 
 
 terned ; and which thonglt it may be of ad:- 
 
 vantage to one or two indivtduak, can never re« 
 
 donnd to the good oTttafonry. or ilie hotior <ir itc 
 
 flArOns. 
 
236 APPEND! X. 
 an uniformity in their drefs. Decent 
 inourning, with white ftockings, gloves 
 and aprons *, is mQftfuitabie and becom- 
 ing; and no pcrfon ought to be diilin* 
 guiihcd with a jewel, unkfs he is an-offic 
 cer of one of the lodges invited to attend 
 in form. The officers of fuch lodges- 
 fhould be ornamented with white falhes 
 and hatbands j as alfo the officers of the 
 bdge to whom the difpenfation is granted, 
 who fliould likewife be difl:inguiflie4 with 
 white rods. 
 
 In the proceffion to the place of inter- 
 ment, the different lodges rank according^ 
 to their feniority ; the junior ones prece^ 
 ding. Each lodge forms one divifipn* 
 and the following; order is obfcrvcd : 
 
 This is the ufual dothing of msAer mafonn 
 
APPENDIX. 23; 
 
 The Tyler, with his fword ; 
 
 The Stewards, with white rods ; 
 
 The Brethren out of office, two and two^ 
 
 The Secretary, with a roll ; 
 The Trcafurer, with his badge of office j 
 Senior and Junior Wardens, hand in hand j 
 The PaftmAfter ; 
 The Matter; 
 The Lodge to which the deceafed Bro- 
 ther belonged, in the following order-, 
 ail the members having flower's or herbs 
 in their hands : 
 The Tyler } 
 The Stewards ; 
 The Mufic, [Drums muffled, and Trum- 
 pets covered ;] 
 The Members of the Lodge; 
 The Secretary and Treafurcr ; 
 The Senior and Junior Wardens j 
 
238 APPENDIX. 
 
 The Paftmaftw 5 
 
 The Bible aiid Book of Conftiturions on 
 
 a ctifhion, covered with black cloth, 
 
 carried by a Member of the Lodge ; 
 
 The Master j 
 
 The Choirifters, finging an anthem j 
 
 The Clergyman •, 
 
 Pall Bearers, 
 
 The BODY, 
 with the Tegaljl^ 
 placed thereon, 
 and twoswords 
 crossed. 
 
 Fall Besreni 
 
 Chief Mourner ; 
 Affiftant Mourners -, 
 Two Stewards } 
 A. Tyler. 
 One or two lodges march, before the 
 proceffion begins, to the churchward, to 
 prevent confufion, and make the necef- 
 faiy preparations. The brethren on no ac- 
 count to defert their ranks, or change their 
 
APPENDIX. 339 
 
 places, but k«ep in their different depart- 
 ments. When the procefllon arrives at 
 the gate of the church-yard, the lodge 
 to which the deceafed brother belonged, 
 and all the reft of the brethren, mult 
 halt, till the members of the different 
 lodges have formed 41 perfcft circle round 
 the grave, when an opening is made to 
 receive them. TJiey then march up t» 
 the grave V and the clergyman, and the 
 officers of the a&ing lodge, taking their 
 ftation at the head of the grave, with the 
 choirifters on each fide, and the mourners 
 4t the foot, the feryice is reheaded, an 
 anthem Tung, and that particular part of 
 the ceremony is concluded with. the ufual 
 forms. In returning from the funeral, 
 the fame order of procefllon is to be ob- 
 ferved. 
 
240 APPENDIX. 
 
 THE 
 FUNERAL SERVICE, 
 
 The lodge is opened by the Mafter of 
 the lodge to which the deceafed belonged 
 in the third degree, with the utual forms, 
 and an a.aihem is fung. The body being 
 placed in the center on a couch, and the 
 cheft in which it is laid being open, the 
 anafter proceeds to the head of the corpfc, 
 and the fervice begins. 
 
 Master. 
 
 •^ What man is he that liveth, and 
 « iliall not fee death . fliall he deliver his 
 *• foul from the hand of the grave ? 
 
 *• Man walketh in a vain fhadow, he 
 " heapeth. tip riches, and cannot idl who 
 *' fliaU gather them. 
 
APPENDIX, t^t 
 
 " When hedirth, he fliall carry no- 
 "• thing away i his glory fhdl not dcfcend 
 " after him. 
 
 *' Naked we catnc into the world, and 
 ** naked we muft return : the Lord gave, 
 " and the Lord hath taken awa/i bleffed 
 " he the name of the Lord." 
 
 The grand honors ^re then given, and 
 certain forms ufed, which cannot be hrrs 
 explained. Solemn nauGc is introduced, 
 during which the Matter ftrews herbs of 
 flom^rs over the body; and then, taking 
 the SACiiBP RoiiL in his hand, he fays, 
 
 '* Let TQC die the de»th of the righte- 
 ousness, and jny }aft cfid be like his.'* 
 
 The Brethren anfwerj 
 
 " God is our God, for ever and ever 
 
 he will be oat ^de even onta death, 
 M 
 
«4a APPENDIX, 
 
 The Mafter then puts the roll into the 
 clicft, faying, 
 
 ** Almighty Father, into thy hands 
 ** we commend the foal of our loving 
 « brother." 
 
 The Brethren anfwer three times, giving 
 the grand honors each lime, 
 
 •* The will of God is accompHOied i 
 "fo be it." 
 
 The Mafter then repeats ^he following 
 prj^er: 
 
 " Moft glorious God author of all 
 » goodi and giver of all mercy, pour 
 ** down iky bleffings upon us, and 
 ** ftrengthen all our folemB engagement 
 «* with the tics ©f fraternal affection. 
 « Let this ftriking iti&mce of morta!it/« 
 « O Lord, remind us of our approaching 
 
APPENDIX. 24a 
 
 '' fate > and fo 6t and prepsrr us for thac 
 *' awful period, whenever is may arrive, 
 " that aderour departare hence, in peace 
 '• and in thy favour* -we may be received 
 '* into chine everlafting kingdons and 
 " there enjoy» in endlefs fruition, the juft 
 " rewards of a pious and virtaoos life. 
 " Amen ** 
 
 An anthem being fung, the Mailer retcres 
 to the pedeftaly and the cheft is (hut up. 
 An oration fuitable to the occaHon is then 
 delivered-, and the MaOer reconunending 
 love and unity the brethren join hands, 
 and renew to each other their pledged 
 vows. The lodge is adjourned, and the 
 proceflion begins, in the form already de- 
 scribed, to the church, «ad from thence 
 fo the place €if interment; where an ex- 
 hortation is given, and the Mailer makes 
 M 2 
 
444 APPENDIX. 
 
 the followirtg Invocations, the ufual ho- 
 nors accompanying each. 
 Master. " May we be true and faith- 
 ful, and may we live and die in Jove J" 
 Answer. " So mote it bCi" 
 Master. " May we always profefs 
 *' what is good, and may we always aft 
 ** agreeably to our profefilon !" 
 Answer, " So mote it be." 
 Master. " May the Lord blefc us, 
 and profper us ; and may all oar good 
 intentions be crowned withfaccefsl" 
 Aw5"WER. *' So mote it be now, from 
 « henceforth, and for evermore " 
 
 The Secretaries then advance, and throw, 
 their rolls into the grave with the ufual 
 forms, while the Matter repeat* with an 
 audible voice : 
 
APPENDIX, a4y 
 
 " Glory be to God on high, on earth 
 "■ peace, and good-will towards nien. 
 
 Answer. " So mote it be." 
 
 The Mafter then concludes the ceremony 
 at the grave in the following wgrds : 
 
 ♦* From time immemorul it lias been 
 " an cftablifhed cuftom among the mem" 
 " bcrs of this refpeftablc ibciety, when 
 '• requefted by a brother, to accompany 
 *' bis cofpfe to the place of interment ; 
 " aod there to depofi^ his remains with 
 " the ufual formalities, 
 
 *♦ In conformity with this laudable 
 " ufage and at the Ijpecial reque/l of 
 " our deccafed i>roth£r, whole memory 
 " we rever^ and whofe lofs we now de- 
 •' plore,wc arc here sficmbled^ under legal 
 
 difpenfation, in the form and chtracccr 
 
 of roafons, to rcfign his body to *e 
 M 3 
 
 It 
 It 
 
a4« APPENDIX. 
 
 *' cartJi from whence it came, and to 
 *" offer up the laft tribute of our fraternal 
 " affeftion and regard to hia memory > 
 ♦• thereby demonftrating to the world the 
 *' finccrity of our paft efteenj, and our 
 ** ifteady attachment to the principles of 
 *• our honorable order. 
 
 " With all proper re/pe£t to the efta-. 
 
 bli/hed cuftoms of the country in which 
 " we refide, with due deference to our fu- 
 *'' periors in church and ftate, and vnth 
 " unlimited goodrMrill to all raanldad> 
 ' 'we here appear in the character of our 
 "profcflion— Invefted with the badges 
 ** of our iacred inftitiitiouj ^e humbly 
 " implore the bleffing of Heaven on all 
 " our zealous endeavouB fjor the getieraj 
 "^oodoffociety, and pray for our 
 
APPENDIX. 947 
 
 '* fteady perfcverance in the principles of 
 •* piety and virtue. 
 
 *' As it has plcafed the great Creator 
 •* to remove our worthjr brother now 
 " deccafed, from the cares and troubles 
 " of a tranfitory exigence, to a ftate of 
 *• eteraal duration j and thereby to weaken 
 •* the chain by which we arc linked one 
 ** to another: may this example <rf the 
 *' uncertainty of human life remind ua 
 •* of our approaching fate, and maf we 
 ** vho furvive him^ be mote ftronglf 
 ** cemented with the ties of union 9n4 
 ** fricndihip ; and fo relate our conduft 
 ** here, by the facred dilates of truth 
 ** and wifdom, m to enjoy, in the Utter 
 « period of life, that ferene traoquilltty of 
 «* mind which ever flows from a dear and 
 ** iiflAiUicd conference, voidof c^^ncep 
 M4 
 
!?48 APPENDIX. 
 
 " Unto the grave we have refigncd 
 ** the body of our loving friend and bro- 
 " ther, there fo rem^^in until the generai 
 " refgrreftipn , in favoiirable expe^tatica* 
 ** that his immortal foul will partake of 
 •* thofc joys which have been prepared 
 ■^ for the righteous frora the beginning 
 •' of the world : and we earneftly pray 
 "Almighty God, of his infinite good* 
 " nefs, at the ^rani mboflal <}£ unbiased 
 "juftice, to extend his iti^T^y towards 
 " him, and all of «s, and to crown our 
 " felicity with evcrlafting blifs in the 
 *' expanded realms of a boundlcfs etcr- 
 " nity. This we beg, for the honor of 
 " his hoi J name, to whotn be ^f^» now 
 " and for ever Amen." 
 * Thus the fervice end*, when the ufual 
 honors are given, and the procefllon re- 
 turns to the place from whence, il came. 
 
APPENDIX. 149 
 
 The brethren being all arrived at the 
 lodge, the ncccffary duties are complied 
 with, and the bufinefs of mafonry is re- 
 newed, "f he rtgaJiay and ornaments of 
 the deceafed, if an officer of a lodge^ arc 
 returned totheMafterin due form, and with 
 the ufual ceremonies ; after which the 
 charges for regulating the condu£l of the 
 fraternity are rchcarfed, and the lodge 
 is clofed in the third degree with a 
 blelBng. 
 
 M 5 
 
2^ APPENDIX. 
 
 R E ^f A R K S 
 
 O N T H E 
 
 Propriety of Building a Hall for 
 the General Aflcinblics of Mafoos. 
 
 Hxttaded from « Letter witten by 
 Brother James Galloway, to Brother 
 Wf LLiNs Cai,cott, and publifiicd in his 
 Candid Difquifition of the Principles and 
 Prafticcs of the Society of Free and 
 Accepted Mafons, ama i y6g. 
 
 TS k not greatly to be lamented, that 
 * the fociety of mafons, fo numerous, 
 and fo highly honored in its members^ 
 (being in a great degree compofed of 
 perfons of rank and fortune) ihould^ as 
 oft 35 they have occafion for ^neral mce t- 
 7 
 
APPENDIX ft5i 
 ings, be obliged to refort to taverns, or 
 to hire halb of inferior communities, and 
 thofe> at the bcft, very ill adapted for fucH 
 meetings; as all places mxift generall/ 
 be, that are not particularly cotiftiufted 
 for the purpofe ? 
 
 fiefides» our meering at the houfes of 
 publicans, gives us the air of a Baccha- 
 nalian fociety, inHeadof that appearance 
 of gravity and wifdom, vdiich our order 
 jtiftly requires. 
 
 How properly mi^ it be Temarked 
 on fuch a condufb, that as almoil all the 
 companies that refort with Co much for- 
 mality to the city-hall^ have in view chiefly 
 feafVing and jollity ; fo mafons affcmble 
 y/ith an air of feftivity at taverns, >to per- 
 form the fcriou* duties of their profefficMi, 
 under the regulations of moralhy and 
 phjlofc^hy. Such a condud, in the eyes 
 M 6 
 
25* APPENDIX. 
 
 of every thinking man, muft appea*, even 
 on the Rrd view, to be ridiculous and 
 abfuTti. 
 
 The neceflity of fuch a building is uni- 
 Verfafly acknowledged through the fociety ^ 
 and a defire of feeing one ereifted, as gene* 
 rally prevails — How afflifting muft it be 
 to thew(»thyinafon,afliflg under the au- 
 thority of our Grand Mafter, to confider the 
 accounts iwe daily receive frotp farayclling 
 brethren, of the magnificence of the grand 
 lodges abroad i T«rhilc that in England, 
 which in many rcfpeifts is intitled to a 
 preference in dignity to all others, is def* 
 titute of a building, which they can call 
 their own. But, nor to reft on thefe general 
 accounts, permit me here to give a 
 particular defcription of the banquettin^ 
 toom belonging to the lodge of St, Joha 
 at Marfeilies i and from the magnificence 
 
APPENDIX. 253 
 and fplendor of that room, to which the 
 brerhren only retire for refrefhtnent, there 
 may be formed, I (hould think, fomc idea 
 of the fuperior excellence which ought to 
 diftinguiflx the lodge room, 
 
 A DESCRIPTION 
 
 OV THE 
 
 Banquetring Hall of the Lodge at Mar- 
 fellies,, intitied, the Lodge of St JmiN. 
 
 At the bottom of the hall, under a 
 gilded canopy, the valences whereof arc 
 blue, fringed with, gold, is a painting, 
 which rcprefents the genius of mafoniy 
 fupporting the portrait of the king of 
 France, upon a pedeftal, with this in- 
 fcription : 
 
 DiUSllJfimo Regi Mbnumentum 
 jimoris 
 
25f A P P E N B r X 
 
 [Tht^ MASQws at MarMies have ere^d 
 Shis monument of their affe^ion to thdf 
 mo?t belovesi king,] 
 
 A genius fcated bclo^ the pedsils^lj 
 prsfents with one haad tlus infctipfioHs 
 and with the other the arms'of the lodge, 
 with their motto : 
 
 Deo, Regi^ a Fetri»^ FidfiUas. 
 [Fidelity to God, our King and Country.] 
 
 Abo^e this b a genius which crewns 
 the king. 
 
 To the light of this painting is placed 
 another* reprdenting the wifdoin of Scuk 
 MON, with this infcription abore it,— 
 Prudentia. [Prudencei] 
 
 To the left is another, reprefcnsing the 
 courage of St. John the BaptitI:, in resicn 
 ftrating vrith Herod apon his dcbaucls 
 eries. The infcription above is is^*-*' 
 Fortitado. j^FOEtitudlwj 
 
APPENDIX. 255 
 
 The right fide of the hall is ornamenrcd 
 ^mth paintings of equal grandeur. 
 
 The firft reprcfents Joseph acknow- 
 ledging his brethren^ and pardoning thetn 
 for the ill ufage he had received froni 
 tiicm, with this infcription,— ^Wff. 
 [Pardon.] 
 
 The fccond reprtfcnrs Job upon the 
 dunghill, bis houfe deftroycd, his fields 
 laid wafle by fborni, his wife infulting 
 him and himfclf calm, lifting his hands 
 towards heaven, with this infcription,— 
 Fatientfa. [Patience.] 
 
 The third rcprefents St. Paui. aiid-St. 
 BAR.NABAS, rcfufing divine honors a 
 Lyftra, with this infcriptionj — Humilitasi, 
 {;Humility.3 
 
 The fourth, Jonathan, when he warned 
 David to keep from the city» in order to 
 
25' APPENDIX. 
 
 avoid the danger which threatened his 
 days, with this infcription, — Amicitlti: 
 [FriendJhip.] 
 
 The fifth, SoLOMOU furveying the works 
 oi* the temple, and giving his orders for 
 the execution of the plan, which his father 
 David had left him of it, with this in-* 
 fcription, — Pietas, fPiety.} 
 
 The fixth, the charity of the Sama- 
 ritan, with this infcription, — Cbarhas* 
 {Charity.] 
 
 The feventh, St. Peter and the other 
 apoftles paying tribute to C.«Sar, by 
 means of the piece of money found mira- 
 cuioufiy in the belly of a fifh, with this 
 \nkn^iyQn,—FiMtas: [Fidelity.] 
 
 The left fide of the hall contains three 
 paintings. 
 
APPENDIX. «S7 
 
 The fiift, Tobias curing his father, 
 with tiiffe words fox the infcription, — 
 FitUdt Dehiium. [Filial Debt.] 
 
 The fecond, the father of the jnodigal 
 f©fi when he embraces him, and pardons 
 his offences, with this infcription, — F^fef- 
 nus Amor. [Paternal Love.] 
 
 The third reprefents the fa^lfice of 
 Abraham, with this inlcnption,—- O^f- 
 ditntia. [Obedience,] 
 
 On each fide the door are two paints 
 ings of equi^l grandeur., 
 
 One reprefents the apoftles giving aim* 
 in common v the infcription,— -£/«»»^«*, 
 fAIms-giviog.] 
 
 The other reprcfejits Lor, tec«iving 
 the angels into his houfe, believing them 
 to be ftrangers s the infcription iSf-^Hof- 
 pituHtas. [Ho^itality.] 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 The four corners of the hall arc deco- 
 rated with four allegorical piftures. 
 
 Tn one are reprefcntcd tv/o gehiufea 
 holding a large medal, in which are 
 painted three pillars of a gold colour^ 
 with this motto, 
 
 Uicpoftiere Ltcam, Virtus^ Sapientia F^rma , 
 [Here Virtue, Wifdom, Beauty fixed their 
 feat,] 
 
 In another, two geniufes equally fup* 
 porting a lar^e medaU on which are xe* 
 prefented three hearts fet on fire by the 
 fame flaine, mttted by the bond o£ tb€ 
 onier, with this motx^^ 
 Pe&era junijit Amr^ Pietaffm U^eaiU 
 
 JmaBtes, 
 [Lovejoins their hearts, and Piety the eJe J 
 
 the two others are in the fame tafie, 
 but fq>potted by o&e genius only, being 
 
APPENDIX. 259 
 
 a fmaller fiae. The medah reprefexit as 
 follows ; 
 
 The firft, three branches ; one of olire, 
 another of laurel, and another of myrtle ^ 
 with this motto, 
 
 Hie Pttcem mutuo dam us, accipimufjue vicijim. 
 [Here Peace we give, and here bjr turns 
 receive.] 
 
 The other a level in a hand coming 
 from heaven* placed pcrpcadiculaTiy apaa 
 a heap of ilones of unequal forms and 
 fixes, whh this motto, 
 
 Equa LegsfprtiSitr Infignes et hmf. 
 [Ofle equal Law, of high and low the lot.] 
 
 All thele paintings are upon a linei 
 thoie which are placed oppofice the win» 
 dow3 are intirely in front. Over the 
 mner door of entrance is this inscription) in 
 a painting whicK \s dKfplayed by z child ^ 
 
26(5 AfPU^DlX, 
 
 ?'(??-;i2 /"iff Virtmum Exempla Fraternte Li'., 
 leralitsiu Monumenta D. V. l^ C. Latomi 
 M&ffMsnfeSy Fratrikus ^v.,e ajfequenda ft a-' 
 hent^ anno Lucis ^7^5' 
 The letters S. T. O, T. A. fignify, 
 Suprenw TeUus OrMs Terrarum Jnhiieifa 
 [The matter, vjce»m after,, and whole 
 body of the mafoos at Marfciiles have eicdl- 
 ed. thefe different examples of the virtues, 
 and monuments oE fraternal liberality, 
 propofcd to the. imrtatjon of tbeir btethten, 
 to the honor of the fupreme irebiteft of 
 the whole world-, in the ytix of fight 
 
 5765) 
 Each painting bears below it, the arms 
 
 and blazon of the brethren who caufcd 
 them to be painted. 
 
 Every ^ce* frara one column to an- 
 other, forms an intercolumniation. t/poa 
 
APPENDIX. 261 
 
 the middle of each pilafter, being twenty- 
 
 fourin number, arc raifcd corbals, in form 
 
 of antique Guaines, upon which are placed 
 
 die baft of the great and virtuous men of 
 
 antiquity. 
 
 The curtains to the gilded canopy are 
 
 in the Italian taAe^ and are four in 
 
 number. 
 
 Three great branches of chryftal, light 
 
 this hall at proper times, and ferve as an 
 
 additional ornament. 
 
 This hall will contain fixty brfthren. 
 
 without making ufe of the in fide of the 
 
 horfe-lhoe table- 
 There arej moreover, two grand defert 
 
 buffets, which take up a great fpace in 
 
 the length. 
 
 The above defcription of the Banquet- 
 ting Hall of the lodge of St. John ?t 
 
s62 APPENDIX, 
 
 Marfdlies. does not exceed &e rplendor 
 of many other lodges in foreign countries. 
 The grand lodges inftituted in Ruflia, 
 HoUand, and imny pa^ts of Germany, 
 according to the accounts we have re- 
 ceived, far eaoseedthis inelegance; par- 
 ticuJady ia Berlin, under lite great King 
 of Pruffia- our royal brother, Thsy are 
 hwng witH the rfcheft velvet « tapeflrifa, 
 cmbraiderits, and gold law? and are oraar 
 mcnted with every coftly luftre and fuit- 
 able decoratioo* The sUunvinaf^d bril- 
 liancy thefe make, added to the polite 
 order and harmony of the members, and 
 Ihe graadeur of the mufic> confillieg o£ 
 feveral different bands, ftrike a, moil 
 grateful and pleaiiag concord, w^hiie fhey 
 fin the mind of every brother with the 
 idea of a heavenly matirjon, and the plea- 
 {ures of an angelic aflbciauon ' 
 
 • Edmondes' Addrefs to the Free RfafsiiiS,. 
 
APPENDIX. 263 
 It '» therefoK greatly to be wifhed that the 
 brethren of this kingdom, the grand local 
 Aandard for msTomy, could bo induced 
 to exrend their geneoolity and, by em- 
 bracing Hit glorious opportunit/, while 
 princes of the blood are our patrons^ and 
 noblemen of the moil diftfnguKhed virtue 
 are our rulers immediately to fct on foot 
 a roluntaxy contribution for ere&ing, in 
 this country! % fuperb and magnificent 
 ftruAure for the genera! afleipblies of the 
 fraternity, that it might be recorded, to 
 the honor of the prefent age, that cvay 
 encouragement was given to a fociety* 
 whofe chief purfiilt is the acquifition of 
 knowlege^ and the cultjvatioa of virtue. 
 
 As fuch a fcheme is now in agitation, 
 every zealous friend to the caufe ought 
 to exert his inQuence on the occafion« and 
 
%64 APPENDIX. 
 
 not let it fall to the ground for want of 
 fuppoTt. Though the ftims we hare re- 
 ceived are as yet inconfiderable, if ve 
 perfevere with fpirit in the profccution of 
 dur kudable defign, there is little doubt 
 but we fhall happily fi)Qcei«d in our 
 greateft expeftations. 
 
 FINIS.