KFN 6199 I A32P C67 ALBANY COUNTY, NEW YORK. PENITENTIARY. RULES, REGULATIONS AND BY-LAWS. (Snntpll ICatu i>rljnol ICibtary ,¥1^1^ *« REGULATIONS AND BY-LAWS, Rules, (iiiifiii»Bi,.ir,,,?r'^«s, for the 3 1924 022 800 167 ' IPVLEiNMINT AN© ©Jil^JPLdWE . ^llrattu ^ouutii ^cttitcntiavj). % A L B A N Y , J o K J. -M u X y ]•; L J. 1868, Cornell University Library The original of tiiis book is in tine Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924022800167 EULES, REGULATIONS AND BY-LAWS, GOVERNMENT AND DISCIPLINE ilhm^ ®0ntttg f ^mtetttog* ALBANY- JOEL MUNSELL. 1868. 518759 ilhm^ ®0Utttg f ^mt^tttmirg. RULES AND BY-LAWS For the^ Government, Regulation, and Discipline of the Albany County Penitentiary; established by the Board of Supervisors of the County of Albany, and the Mayor and Recorder of the City of Albany, in joint meeting assembled on the 26<7i day of December, 1848 [under and by virtue of the Law of the Legislature of the State of New York, for the construction of a Penitentiary, &c., in the County of Albany, passed 13 April, 1844]. Mis Honor, the Mayor, John Tay- lor, in the Chair; and the Recorder, Deodatus Wright, Secretary. The Principal Keeper, or Superintendent of the Peniten- tiary, shall have the entire control and management of all its concerns, subject to the authority established by law and the rules and regulations adopted for its government. It shall be his duty to obey, and carry out, all written or- ders and instructions that he shall from time to time re- ceive from the proper authorities, and he shall be held responsible for the manner in which the said Penitentiary is managed and conducted. He shall reside at the Pen- itentiary and examine daily into the state thereof, visit every apartment, and see every prisoner confined therein, as often as good order and necessity may require. He shall exercise a general supervision and direction, in regard to the discipline and police of the Prison and to the busi- ness concerns thereof, shall make all purchases for the sup- port of the prisoners and proper managment of the Institu- tion, and shall superintend all the business carried on, and labor done, in and upon the buildings or land belonging to or connected with the Institution. It shall be the duty of the Superintendent to select and employ one person who shall be styled Deputy Keeper, who shall be his principal assistant, and in the absence of the Superintendent, clothed with, and exercise all his powers, so far as relates to the discipline of the Penitentiary and the safe keeping of the prisoners. He shall also nominate (to be approved of, or appointed by the Board of Inspectors,) one Overseer, or Assistant Keeper, to each branch of business carried on, and such number of persons for watchmen or guards, as may be necessary for the safe keeping of and for guarding the Penitentiary, to hold their respective places during the pleasure of the Superintendent. Such assistants and guards shall be under the government of the Superintendent, and subject to his orders, who shall oversee and direct them in their several duties, and shall make such rules for their government, and for the government of spectators and others who may be admitted within the prison or yards, or who may be found lurking or loitering without, upon the lands belonging to the establishment, as circum- stances may require; provided they are not incompatible with the laws of the state, or the rules and regulations adopted for the general government of the Penitentiary. It shall also be the duty of the Superintendent to cause the books of the Penitentiary to be so kept, as clearly to exhibit the state of the prisoners, the number received and discharged, the number employed in grading and cultivat- ing the land and other outdoor work, and the number em- ployed in each branch of business carried on, with their earnings, together with the expenditures of each branch or department ; andhe shall make out a quarterly cash account in which he shall specify minutely the persons to whom, or from whom, moneys have been paid or received, and for what purpose, with an abstract of vouchers for all expendi- tures, which, with the vouchers, he shall prepare and lay before the Inspectors, for them to examine and audit at their quarterly meeting at the end of every three months at the Penitentiary. And the Superintendent may, and he is hereby authorized to, draw on the County Treasurer from time to time for such sums as may be necessary to defray the expenses of the Institution and for its necessary maintenance and repairs ; said drafts to be approved of and countersigned by the Inspectors, or by a majority of them ; and the County Treasurer is hereby authorized and directed to pay such drafts, so countersigned, whenever the same are presented. He shall close his accounts and books of the Penitentiary, and balance the same on the last day of October in each year, and render a report exhibiting a comprehensive view of all the transactions of the Peniten- tiary during the preceding year, showing the amount of labor performed, and the earnings and expenditures of each branch of labor at which the prisoners may have been employed, together with the profit, or loss, accruing or re- sulting from the same. He will also see that the prisoners are treated with humanity, that the sick and complaining have proper medical and other attendance, and that they are supplied with such food and medicines as may be prescribed and necessary. All prisoners received by the Principal Keeper, or Superintendent of the Penitentiary, shall be safely kept for the term for which they may be sentenced to confine- ment, and shall be employed in the grading, cultivation, and proper management of the land belonging to the Institution, or jt_any other work_which the Inspectors shall direct for the proper maintenance and best interests of the establishment. The clothing of the prisoners, on their reception into the Penitentiary, shall be taken from them, and (if worth 6 preserving,) restored to them on their discharge. On their entrance into the establishment they are to be thoroughly cleansed, and clothed in the prison dress, which will be, for males, a jacket, vest and pantaloons, made of coarse cloth, with a cap of the same material ; they are also to have woolen socks, with coarse leather shoes ; their shirts shall be made from stout cotton cloth and changed once a week. For females, a checked linsey frock and skirt, cot- ton check apron and neckerchief, shoes and stockings, and the usual under clothes. Each prisoner shall have an iron- frame bedstead with iron sacking bottom, straw mattress and pillow, (and in winter one comforter) and two blankets, one night bucket, one water can and one spoon, knife and fork. The corridors of the prison shallbe sufficiently warmed in cold weather with proper fires. Each prisoner on his or her discharge (if they have no clothes to be re- turned to them) shall, at the discretion of the Super- intendent, be furnished with a cheap laborer's dress, and with a sum of money, not exceeding ten dollars, to enable him or her to find work for his or her support. The prisoners, after receiving their rations, shall eat in their cells and observe such rules, in relation thereto, as shall be directed by the Superintendent. The rations or daily subsistence of the prisoners shall consist of one pound of salt or corned beef, four days ; three-fourths of a pound of salt pork, or three-fourths of a pound of salt fish, one day; and one pound of fresh meat, made into soup, two days, in each week. One pound of bread, made of good wheat middlings, for breakfast and dinner each day, and one-third of a pound of corn meal made into mush, with half a gill of molasses, for supper ; there shall be four bushels of potatoes, carrots or turnips, for every one hundred rations, and a sufficient quantity of salt, pepper and vinegar, with such alterations from time to time, as may be, deemed necessary and approved of by the Inspectors. The prisoners shall be required to labor diligently the whole time they shall be out of their cells, and in going to and from their cells, they shall observe such order as may be directed by the Superintendent; they shall be required to communicate v?ith their keepers in a respectful manner, and with the greatest brevity ; they are not to converse vrith each other, or to be allowed to hold inter- course with any person not belonging to the Institution, unless by permission and in the presence of the Super- intendent or his Deputy ; they must conduct themselves with perfect order, and in strict compliance with the direc- tions of their officers. Silence, order, and regularity must reign ; they must be industrious, submissive, obedient, and labor diligently in silence. In their cells they mustalso be silent, speaking to no person except in the event of sick- ness, in which case they can make it known to the officer on duty. The officers are not to treat the prisoners with harshness or anger, but while a spirit of mildness is to prevail, they are nevertheless expected to be firm and consistent in the discharge of their duties. Each prisoner shall have a Bible and Hymn-Book in his cell, and such other books, or tracts, as may be furnished for their use, and they will be- required to attend service in the chapel every sabbath, and also such other religious and moral instruction as may be provided for them ; at all other times during that day they shall remain in their cells. The Chaplain to the Penitentiary shall have the privilege, and it shall be his duty to visit at any and at all times the male prisoners when in their cells, or in the hospital, to instruct and teach those that can not read, and to adminis- ter to all, such advice, instruction, and consolation as he may deem best calculated to promote their reformation ; 8 and at all proper times lie shall endeavor to impress upon their minds the justice of their punishment, and the necessity of a strict compliance, on their part, with the rules of the establishment. He shall attend and perform such service in the chapel on every sabbath day, at such hour or hours as shall be designated by the Superintendent, with the prisoners, male and female, who shall be assembled for that purpose. He shall not furnish the prisoners with any information or intelligence in relation to secular matters, except by permission of the Superintendent ; nor shall he have any other intercourse with the prisoners, than such as shall be necessary and proper in teaching them to read, and im- parting such moral and religious instruction as shall be best calculated to promote their subordination, reforma- tion and spiritual welfare : nevertheless, he shall endeavor to learn, in visiting the prisoners in their cells, so much of their past history and present views and feelings, as will enable him to adapt his instructions and reproofs directly to their individual cases and circumstances. He will keep in mind, that by visiting the prisoners in the solitude of their cells, by personally teaching the illiterate, and by explaining to all, individually, their moral and religious duties and obligations, he will confer upon them benefits far greater than any which can alone be received by them, from his labors and services, while they are congregated for the customary public worship, on the sabbath. He shall not receive from, or confer any present upon, the prisoners ; nor shall he have any dealings with them, nor shall he take to them or convey from them, any letters from or to their friends, or others ; nor write, or otherwise become the medium of communication between them and their friends, or others, without the consent and approba- tion of the Superintendent. lie shall in all cases conform to the general rules and regulations adopted for the government of the Peniten- tiary ; and it shall be his duty, annually, to render a re- port to the Inspectors of his proceedings for the year, with such remarks and suggestions in relation to the intellectual, moral and religious condition of the prisoners, as he may deem important or necessary. Sectarian preferences in matters of religious belief are disclaimed. If any prisoner desires communication with the minister or instructor of his particular faith, on proper application to the Superin- tendent, and at his discretion, it shall be allowed, under and in conformity with the general regulations of the Penitentiary. But such minister, or instructor, on such occasions, must in all things conform to the rules and restrictions laid down and enacted, as the duty of the Chaplain; any infringement, or departure from which, will debar him from future intercourse with the prisoners. The Physician shall visit the Penitentiary at least every other day, and personally examine every sick and complain- ing prisoner that may be reported to him as such, or whom he may find in the cells or hospital ; and shall prescribe such medical treatment as their cases require. He shall also visit the Institution daily, or oftener, when the condition of the sick requires it ; and when sent for, shall at all times repair immediately to the Penitentiary. He shall keep a book, to be called the "Hospital Eegister," in which shall be entered the names of all the prisoners sick or complaining, requiring medical treat- ment, with their disease and his prescription therefor. When a prisoner dies, he shall record the nature of the complaint and all the circumstances connected therewith that he may deem proper or necessary. He shall in all cases direct the diet to be prepared for the sick, and if it should so happen that the direction or 10 prescription of the Physician should not be properly attended to, he shall report the same to the Superin- tendent, that proper measures may be taken to prevent future neglect or inattention. He shall at the close of each year make out and furnish to the Board of Inspectors a report, or statement, showing the amount and nature of the sickness which has prevailed and the deaths that have occurred during the year, with such remarks in relation to the condition and treatment of the sick, as he may deem necessary or expedient. He shall conform to the general rules and regulations of the Penitentiary. There shall be employed by the Superintendent a Matron and one Assistant Matron, to the Pemale Depart- ment, who shall reside at the Penitentiary, and attend to the labor and conduct Of all the female prisoners. All the rules and regulations required to be observed and en- forced by the subordinate officers having charge of the male prisoners, as are applicable to the females, shall be enforced by the Matrons under and by direction of the Superintendent. The Matron shall personally superintend the cooking, washing and ironing of the whole establishment ; also the weighing and measuring of the rations for the day, as established by the rules and regulations. And it shall be her duty to attend to the division of the daily food into rations and to see that it is ready and in proper order to be served to the prisoners at regular meal time. The Matrons shall cause the cells, kitchen, workrooms, and every part of the establishment under their care to exhibit perfect neatness and order ; and at all times to be ready for the inspection of the Superintendent, Inspectors and others who may visit the Institution. It shall also be the duty of the Matrons to endeavor to 11 teach those who are unable to read, and to admineter such moral and religious advice and instruction to them, as shall be calculated to promote order, decorum, propriety of behavior, and reformation. They shall assemble the female prisoners in the chapel every sabbath day for divine service and other religious instructions, and it shall be the duty of the Matron to see that every prisoner under her care is furnished with a Bible and Hymn-Book, and such other books or tracts as may be furnished by the Chaplain or Superintendent. For any violation of the rules of the prison by the female prisoners, the Matron shall confine them in their cells, and report the offence to the Superintendent, that he may give her such instructions in regard to punish- ment, or correction, as the nature thereof may require. The Matron, and Assistant Matron, shall each keep a book, containing the names of all the females under their charge, with a table showing every day's labor performed, and also the articles made and work done for the Peniten- tiary or for others, which book shall be deposited in the Superintendent's office at the end of every month. The Superintendent is authorized to employ and permit the use of weapons by the keepers or guards of the prisoners, to put down insurrection by force, and to pre- vent escapes at all hazards from the Penitentiary. The object of this Institution being to effect the moral reformation of the culprit, punishment will be resorted to as rarely as necessity will admit ; the rules of the Prison are nevertheless to be preservedand maintained inviolate, and all infractions thereof or any resistance to the lawful commands and authority of the keepers, shall subject the offender to solitary confinement in a darkened cell, and to rations of bread and water, (or to be showered with cold water) at the discretion of the Superintendent ; no such 12 confinement, however, shall exceed ten days for any one of- fence, and in every doubtful case the proper medical authority shall be consulted. Three Inspectors shall be appointed by the Board of Supervisors, and the Mayor and Eecorder, in joint meet- ing now assembled according to law, who shall have the supervjaj-jgn of the Penitentiary ; one of whom shall hold his office for one year, one for two years, and one for three years, from the first day of March next as shall be de- signated ; and hereafter there shall be annually appointed, in the same manner, one Inspector who shall hold his office for three years from the first day of March then next en- suing. Said Inspectors, now first appointed, shall enter upon the duties of their office immediately. It shall be the duty of the Inspectors to visit the Peni- tentiary jointly at least four times in each year, to examine and audit the accounts of the Superintendent, to inquire into all matters connected with the government, discipline and police of the prison, the punishment and employments of the prisoners, and to make such rules and regulations as they may deem expedient and necessary, provided, how- ever, that such rules and regulations shall not conflict with the laws of the state, or with the general rules and regula- tions now adopted by this joint meeting. It shall be the duty of the Inspectors indioidually, to visit the Penitentiary once in each month, or oftener, as they deem necessary ; to diligently examine and inquire into the condition of the prison and prisoners ; each Inspector shall keep a journal of his visits and proceedings, and shall report the same to the Inspectors at their next joint quar- terly meeting. The Inspectors shall approve of, or appoint, on the nom- ination of the Superintendent, all the subordinate officers employed at the Penitentiary, and shall fix their compensa- 13 tion. They shall also appoint a Physician and Chaplain, and prescribe their payment, who shall hold their offices during the pleasure of the Inspectors. The Inspectors shall annually, on or before the first day of December, render a report to the Board of Supervisors and Mayor and Eecorder, in joint meeting assembled, showing the state and condition of the Penitentiary, and the prisoners confined therein, the amount of money drawn from the treasury and otherwise received and ex- pended ; together with all the transactions of the Pen- itentiary during the year preceding. The Inspectors may also communicate, in the same manner, with the authorities aforesaid, at any other time and on any subject connected with the Penitentiary, whenever they deem it to be necessary. In case of the death, resignation or refusal to serve, of any one or two, of the Inspectors appointed, the remain- ing one or two Inspectors, as the case may be, shall have the power to fill the vacancy or vacancies, so occasioned, and designate the term for which he is or they are to serve ; which appointment or appointments shall remain valid until the joint authorities direct otherwise. The Inspectors shall receive no pecuniary compensation for their services whatever. It shall be an office of honor. I certify the foregoing to be a true copy of the Kules and By-Laws as established and adopted, for the government, regulation and discipline of the Albany County Penitentiary, by the authorities, and at the time first above mentioned. [Signed.] DEODATUS WRIGHT, Recorder of Albany, and Secretary of the Joint Meeting. 15 blankets, beds, furniture, locks, doors, and cells generally, to see that they are not injured and that no attempt to escape has been made. Whenever he discovers anything wrong, he shall note the number of the cell with the offence committed, and report the same to the Superin- tendent immediately. 5. He shall spend the whole day in a general super- vision of the officers, employes and prisoners, and shall direct them in their respective duties and labors ; shall receive reports from the officers of all cases of disobedience or violation of the Rules, and shall report the same to the Superintendent, in whose absence, the Deputy has the power and authority conferred upon the Superintendent, so far as relates to discipline, and to the safe keeping of prisoners, and shall be obeyed and respected accordingly. 6. It shall be his duty generally to see that the whole establishment exhibits throughout neatness, good order and cleanliness ; that all persons visiting the prison are treated with politeness and attention, and that they are promptly conducted through the several departments at all proper times. Visitors will be charged an admission fee of twenty-five cents each, to be applied to the use and benefit of the prisoners upon their discharge. Ladies will not be admitted unless accompanied by gentlemen. 7. He shall keep a book in which shall be entered a re- cord of all infractions of the discipline, with the name of the prisoner offending, and the punishment inflicted therefor, which record shall be submitted to the Superintendent daily. He shall inspect the arms of the watchmen at least once a week, and report any officer who may be found deficient in ammunition or whose guns are not in perfect order. He shall at all times have a superintending care over all the internal affairs of the Penitentiary, and especially of its police ; he will be held responsible to the Superintendent 16 that his orders and directions are strictly and promptly observed, and to this end the Deputy must be present at the Penitentiary day and night, that he may be able during the evening and night to see that all is safe and that the officer on night duty is vigilant and faithful. Duties of the Clerh. 1. The Clerk shall keep the books and accounts of the Penitentiary. He shall register all prisoners when receiv- ed, and enter their discharge v?hen released, and do all other writing that may be required of him. 2. He shall assist the Superintendent in the purchase of supplies for the use of the Penitentiary as he may be directed, and when not thus employed he shall perform such other duties as may be required of him by the Super- intendent. 3. He will generally attend to conducting through the establishment distinguished strangers and officers of other prisons who may visitthe Penitentiary, and give them such information regarding the discipline and manage- ment as may be desired. In the absence of the Superintendent, he will attend to the office and such business transactions as may require immediate attention. Duties of Ball Officer. 1. The Hall Officer shall (under direction of the Deputy) have sole charge of the block of male cells, and shall see that they are swept twice daily, also that the cells, galleries and flagged floor are mopped and scrubbed as often as neatness requires. He shall take particular care that the cells are thoroughly whitewashed and kept clear of all kinds of stains ; that the beds and blankets in every cell 17 are properly hung up and not injured ; and that they are washed and renewed often enough to be always comfort- able and in good condition. 2. He shall see that the water and food are properly distributed and placed ; and that drinking vessels and buckets in vacated cells have sufficient water put in them to keep them from shrinking ; also that such cells be kept in perfect order, ready for immediate use. 3. lie shall, whenever required, take the place of any overseer who may be temporarily absent ; shall wait upon ]!n u i i iiii '.n :; shall assist the Deputy in receiving and dis- charging prisoners, and shall do any other work or duty as he may be directed by the Superintendent or the Deputy. 4. He shall perform dog-watch, night tours, relief duty, and Suuday duty, regularly in his turn ; he shall be the messenger of the Superintendent, and may be required at times to act as Guard, Overseer, etc. 5. On the arrival of male prisoners, the Hall Officer shall see that they are thoroughly cleansed, their beard removed, and their hair cut so as to be readily kept in order, and that they are supplied with a suit of prison uniform. He shall also personally supervise the regular bathing of the male prisoners at the stated periods hereinafter prescribed. 6. He shall personally examine them for indications of disease, and promptly report to the Deputy when such in- dications are discovered ; he will see that their citizen's dress is cleansed, repaired if necessary, securely tied up in a bundle, marked and put away for safe keeping to be re- stored to them when discharged. 7. The Deputy Superintendent or the Hall Officer shall personally explain to the prisoners, before assigning them to their cells, the signal bell in the hall ; shall teach them the lock step, and shall clearly and distinctly inform them 3 18 of the following rules, endeavoring always to impress them upon their minds, viz : That they are never to communicate with their fellow prisoners by speaking, writing, signs, signals or in any manner whatsoever. That they are to keep their cells and clothes in good order, their beds smoothly hung up during the day, and their books clean and free from grease. They are for- bidden to spit upon the floor or walls of their cells or any other part of the prison, and when occupying their cells are to be careful not to make any unnecessary noise. That they shall render to their overseer prompt and cheerful obedience, and if they consider themselves un- justly or oppressively treated they are at liberty to com- plain to the Superintendent or Deputy. That these and all other rules of which they may be ap- prized will be strictly enforced ; and that if they yield cheerful and perfect obedience, they will ensure to them- selves kind, considerate treatment, and many immunities and favors which would otherwise be withheld. 8. The Hall Ofiicer shall take charge of the library, shall see that the prisoners are supplied with books adapt- ed to their peculiarities of education or state of mind, and shall every week carefully examine the books in use and report to the Superintendent or Deputy any injury to them which he may discover. 9. He shall be subject to the rules established for the government of the other officers in his intercourse with prisoners, in his general deportment, and in the discharge of any duties assigned to him. 19 Duties of Out-door Officer. 1. The Out-door Officer shall take charge of and be held responsible for the safe custody of the prisoners who are employed at out-door work, and shall supervise all work done outside the Penitentiary buildings and upon the grounds attached. 2. He shall see that the horses and cows are well attended to, and that the stables, wagons, etc., are kept in good order. He shall have a particular place in which the agricultural and other tools and implements shall be safely kept when not in immediate use and shall be properly taken care of. 3. He shall, as often as safety requires, blow off the kitchen and wash-house boilers, have the fire-beds freed from scales and the flues cleaned, and so keep them that, while in ordinary daily use, they shall not clog up or burn out. 4. He shall pay special attention to the provisions and vegetables kept in the store room and cellars, see that the flour and beef are securely piled up, that the wood and coal are not scattered about, that the coal ashes are properly screened, and that the screenings are used daily in the kitchen and wash house ; and shall in every possible way see that nothing is allowed to go to waste. 5. He shall be subject to the same rules as the Overseers and Guards, and shall perform such hall, night, Sunday and other duties as may be assigned to him by the Super- intendent or Deputy. nuties of Overseers and Watchmen. 1. It shall be the duty of the Overseers and Watchmen to be at the Penitentiary during the whole time, day and night, and to be vigilant and active in the performance of 20 all duties and services for the safety and security of the prisoners and the buildings. They shall refrain from all immoderate and boisterous conduct, conversation or dis- cussion upon any subject, while in the presence of the prisoners ; and shall not leave their shops or posts on any pretext without being relieved. 2. They shall march their men to and from the cells in close order taking the lock step ; shall use their utmost en- deavors to enforce perfect non-intercourse and entire obedience to all the rules and regulations ; and shall require from the prisoners an uniform, sober, orderly and humble deportment. 3. They shall not permit a prisoner to pass the pre- scribed limits or pass out of their shops except in charge of a proper officer. It shall be their duty to keep their arms and weapons clean and in order, ready at all times for use ; and they are constantly to keep in mind that it is required of them to prevent any prisoner from making his escape at all hazards. 4. They shall not allow the prisoners to make any en- quiries relative to any subject not immediately connected with their duty, employment or wants, or to speak to or hold any conversation with each other, or to leave their work without permission, or to speak to or gaze at visitors ; but shall see that they are constantly employed, and that they labor diligently, in order and in silence. 5. They are not to hold any conversation with the prisoners, except to instruct them in the rules necessary for their government. They shall admonish them upon the least appearance of insubordination ; and, whenever they refuse to obey orders or neglect to perform their duty, shall report them to the Superintendent or Deputy for correction. 21 6. The Watchmen on duty upon the wall shall, at all times when the weather will permit, keep moving upon the platform in front of the guard house, constantly carry- ing one of their rifles, ready for use at any moment. 7. The Overseers and Watchmen shall not, while on duty in the shops, on the wall or at any other post, sit down on any pretext whatever. They shall be constantly on their feet, strictly and vigilantly observant of the prisoners, and shall not for a moment permit their attention to be dis- tracted from the object of their charge, but shall be in instant readiness at all times for any exigency. 8. They shall not, while on duty, hold conversation with each other, nor with contractors or their instructors, except such as may be necessary in the discharge of their duties, nor shall they be engaged in reading, writing (other than making necessary entries), or in any other occupation calculated to interfere with constant watchful- ness and vigilance. 9. They shall not punish or strike a prisoner with a cane or stick, or with the fist or feet, or any weapon, unless it be in self-defence or to quell an insurrection ; nor shall they use any profane or indecorous language to them or in their presence, but shall uniformly treat them in a kind and humane manner. 10. They shall require from all the prisoners the great- est possible cleanliness in their persons and clothing and in their working and sleeping apartments. 11. They shall not receive from or deliver to a prisoner any article or thing whatever, without the knowledge and consent of the Superintendent or the Deputy. 12. They shall keep a list of the prisoners under their charge, with the number of the cell each occupies regis- tered opposite his name ; and upon locking up, morning, noon and night, shall note the absence of any prisoner 22 from his cell, and immediately report the same to the Superintendent or the Deputy. 13. While in the guard room, the officers shall refrain from singing, whistling, immoderate laughter and boister- ous conversation, or other acts calculated to disturb har- mony and good order. This rule shall also be strictly observed while in the dining room. They shall have no conversation whatever at the table, while taking their meals, or at any other time when a servant or a prisoner or prisoners are present, either in regard to the prison, the prisoners, or their own or others' sphere of duty ; and it is expected that they will not use as topics of conversation at any time, the trials or incidents that occur in the performance of their several duties. 14. In their intercourse among themselves, the officers of the prison are at all times to treat each other with respect and courtesy ; they are required to avoid all colli- sions and jealousies, and are strictly forbidden to treat each other rudely or to apply ungentlemanly epithets. 15. It shall be the duty of the officer having charge of the hall, while the prisoners are in their cells, either at meal time or during the night, to keep moving around the block of cells and upon the galleries, with socks on, noiselessly, that he may be able to detect and suppress any unnecessary violation of the required silence. And it is again strictly enjoined upon him not to hold the least con- versation with the prisoners, or to suffer them to speak to him except to make known their immediate wants. He must use his utmost exertions to secure perfect obedience to the rules of the hall, and shall report to the Superin- tendent or the Deputy any infraction of them by the prisoners while in their cells. 16. The officer on night duty shall frequently survey 23 from the windows the prison yard containing the work shops, etc., in order to discover as quickly as possible any signs of fire, and upon the slightest discovery of that nature shall instantly alarm all the officers by ringing their bells. Duties of the Matron and her .Assistants, 1. The Matron and her Assistants shall have charge of the prisoners in the Female Department. The cells of those employed in cooking shall be unlocked by the Matron at half past four o'clock a. m. in Summer and at five o'clock A. M. during the remainder of the year ; they are to be employed in cooking, cleaning, etc., under the constant and immediate supervision and direction of the Matron. 2. One Assistant Matron shall have charge of the hall and cells for female prisoners. She shall, under the direc- tion of the Matron, take the statistics required by law of female prisoners on their arrival ; shall also see that they are thoroughly cleansed and provided with the prison dress, and that the clothing which they bring with them is washed, securely tied up, marked and put away. She shall see that they are properly dressed preparatory to their being discharged, shall attend to the making and mending of clothing, and shall see that the cells, galleries and flagging, the bedding and clothing of the prisoners, are clean and in proper order, and that they are not injured or destroyed. She shall take the place of the Matron when required, and shall do any and all duties or work as she may be directed. 3. One Assistant Matron shall have charge of the female prisoners employed in the work-room in caning chair seats or such other work as may be provided for them. She shall direct them in their labors, and shall keep a book in 24 which the names of the prisoners shall be entered, and which shall exhibit the amount of work performed or the time they have worked each day. She shall see that the work room and benches are regularly cleaned and that all the articles required to carry on the business of the room are kept in order and in regular places, 4. One Assistant Matron shall have charge of the female prisoners in the laundry. She shall oversee the washing and ironing of clothing for the prisoners, officers and family. She shall see that the prisoners under her care are not wasteful with the stores furnished them in per- forming their daily labor, and that they do not injure, tear or destroy any of the linen, clothing or bedding upon which they are at work. She shall keep a strict watch over any prisoners she sends into the female yard, seeing that they perform their work quickly and return promptly to the laundry. It will be her special duty to pass through the several rooms which are placed under her supervision, and direct the prisoners, seeing that they comply with the rules and are diligent : also to keep such articles as are received from different parts of the institu- tion in separate lots, so that when washed and done up they shall always be correctly returned. She shall preserve good order and keep this distinct department always ready for inspection. 5. The Matron and her Assistants will be required not only to direct the prisoners under their immediate charge, but to show them how to perform the labor understandingly and well. 6. The Assistant Matrons shall see that all the female prisoners take a bath every Saturday evening. One Assist- ant shall be present in the bath room ; another shall unlock the cells and send the prisoners down ; and an- other shall remain in the hall to see that they return to 25 their cells, and that order and decorum are preserved. The Assistant Matrons shall, each in her turn, perforni these several duties. 7. The Matron and her Assistants shall cause the kitchen, cells, work rooms, laundry, and every part of the establish- ment under their care, to exhibit perfect order and neat- ness, and to be ready at all times for inspection by the Superintendent or by the Inspectors and others who may visit the institution. 8. Two Matrons shall always be present within the department under their charge on Sunday, also at meal times and during the evening and night, when the prisoners are in their cells, to attend to their necessary wants, and to see that the rules and regulations of the prison are strictly observed. 9. All the rules and regulations, required to be observed and enforced by the subordinate officers having charge of the male prisoners, shall, so far as practicable, apply to the female prisoners and be observed and enforced by the Matron and her Assistants. 10. For other duties of the Matron and her Assistants, see page 10 of the General Rules and By-Laws established for the Government of the Penitentiary. . Contractors. 1. Contractors, their agent, foreman and instructors shall hold no intercourse with any prisoner other than those employed by them, nor upon any subject whatever other than the business carried on, and shall confine their conversation with prisoners to the narrowest limit con- sistent with giving them proper instruction. 2. They are to confine themselves strictly to their busi- ness, and are not to leave the shops where their business is carried on to visit any other part of the prison. 4 26 3. Their intercourse with the officers of the prison shall be such only as is necessarily connected with the prosecu- tion of the business under their charge. 4. They are not under any circumstances to inflict punishment or to enforce the discipline in any manner upon any prisoner whatever. 5. They are expected to report to the Overseer having charge of the prisoners in their department all violations of the rules and regulations of the prison that may come under their observation. 6. No foreman, instructor or other person, shall be em- ployed by contractors or their agent, within the prison, without first obtaining the consent of the Superintendent. 7. They shall not apply any harsh or opprobrious epithets to the prisoners, or use any profane language in their presence. 8. The teamsters, or other persons in the employ of the contractors, who may occasionally visit the prison, shall not speak to a prisoner without permission of the Super- intendent or Deputy. One man to a team only will be allowed at a time in the male yard. 9. One or more of the instructors shall remain in the shops while the^prisoners are in the Hall for dinner during the season that fires are used for warming the same ; and, throughout the year, all the instructors will be required to remain in the shops where they are employed while the prisoners are marching to their cells, and not to leave the yard until the prisoners are locked up for the night and the signal is given that all is right. 10. All scraps, shavings, chips, sticks, and other com- bustible waste must be disposed of each day either by con- sumption as fuel or by removal. 11. !N"o old trash, or other material not necessary to the carrying on the business of the contract, must be per- mitted to accumulate within the yard, shops or cellars. 27 12. No contractor shall be allowed to give any overseer any reward or present ; and any overseer receiving such reward or present, without consent of the Superintendent, will be immediately discharged. 13. The Deputy is expressly charged with the execution of the above orders, and is directed to report any neglect or violation of the same to the Superintendent. 14. The Deputy will also see that the interests of the contractors are forwarded by cheerfully granting or ex- tending to their foreman and instructors every facility and privilege, consistent with the rules, for carrying on the business at which the prisoners may be employed by them. Duties of the Prisoners. 1. The prisoners are to labor faithfully and diligently, are to obey all orders promptly, and are to preserve un- broken silence. 2. They are not to exchange a word with each other under any pretence, or to communicate any intelligence to each other in writing, and are not to make use of any signs except such as are necessary to convey a knowledge of their wants to the ofl&cer having them in charge. 3. They must approach their Overseers in a respectful manner, and be brief in their communication ; they are not to speak to them on ordinary topics, nor address them except when it becomes necessary in regard to their work or their immediate wants. 4. They shall not at any time, or under any pretence, without leave, speak to any person who does not belong to the institution, or receive from such person any letter, paper, tobacco, or other thing whatever ; they are not to leave the place where they are put to work nor the work they are set to do, without tke special permission or order 28 of the proper officer; and they are not to sufl'er their attention to be taken from their work to look at visitors, nor are they to gaze or look at them when unemployed. 5. All prisoners whose conduct has been unexception- able will be allowed, in the presence of the Superintendent, Deputy or Clerk, to see and converse with their friends once in each month. They will also be allowed to receive all letters sent to them through the Superintendent's office, and will be permitted to write monthly. 6. ISTo prisoner is wilfully or carelessly to injure his work, tools, wearing apparel, bedding, or any other thing belonging to or about the prison ; nor will any prisoner be suffered to mark, injure or in any way deface the walls or any part of his cell or night room ; nor is he to execute his work badly when he has the ability to do it well. 7. No prisoner shall receive or transmit any letter or paper except under the inspection of the Superintendent 5 nor shall any prisoner converse with any visitor without the consent and presence of the Superintendent, Deputy or Clerk. 8. Each prisoner, so far as practicable, shall occupy the same cell every night. As he enters his cell, each prisoner, after setting down his bucket, must draw the door to until it strikes the jamb, and must stand in that position, hold- ing the door, until the officer locks the same. 9. Every prisoner who has not previously gone to bed must do so immediately at the striking of the gong ; and from that time, profound silence must be observed until the sound of the gong in the morning, when every prisoner must immediately dress himself and prepare to receive his breakfast. 10. The prisoners shall always march in the lockstep, and in such order as may be designated by the officer in charge. While marching, as well as while in their cells 29 and at all other times, all unnecessary noise must be avoided. 11. ISo prisoner will be suffered to sleep with his clothes on. 12. If a prisoner becomes sick, or from any cause feels unable to work, he shall report himself to the officer under whose charge he may be. General Rules. 1. The officers and guards must always yield that ready obedience to their superior officers so essential to secure the beneficial results of effective co-operation and good government. 2. They shall not be permitted to have any unnecessary conversation, after locking up their divisions, while the Deputy Superintendent is receiving their report, and shall not leave the Hall until all is found to be correct. 3. No person shall be allowed in the Hall after the prisoners are locked up, except officers of the Penitentiary. 4. The officer or guards on duty in the guard-room will not be permitted to read any book or paper, wtile the prisoners are out of their cells. 6. 'No officer or employe shall receive a gift from any prisoner, though it be trivial and valueless, nor suffer a prisoner to perform any personal offices or work for him, without permission from the Superintendent or Deputy. 6. N"o officer or employe shall give anything whatever to the prisoners as a gift, or buy or sell anything of or to them, or extend to them any favors of diet, of clothing or of any other nature, not common to all ; and in no case shall prisoners be transferred from one department of labor to another, or be taken from their cells to other than their usual labor, without permission from the Superintendent or Deputy. 30 7. N"o officer, instructor or employe shall chat with, prisoners, or convey to them newspapers, current rumors or any facts about other prisoners, about the officers, the prison, the courts or the Government ; nor shall they listen to their history or the history of their or of other's crimes or misdemeanors; nor shall they pass books or other means of information from one cell or prisoner to another, or from any prisoner to any officer' or instructor of the prison, or to any person whatever, unless by permission of the Superintendent, the Deputy or the Clerk. 8. The officers and guards shall not allow any persons to go on the walls, or into the prison, without permission from the Superintendent, the Deputy or the Clerk. 9. JSTo officer or employe, whether at the Penitentiary or elsewhere, shall hold conversation with any person or persons not connected with the institution, about the prisoners, their management or treatment, except in generalities ; for answer to particular inquiries, or informa- tion that may be desired, strangers and others must be re- ferred to the Superintendent, the Deputy or the Clerk. 10. Visitors will not be permitted to enter the prison un- less accompanied by an officer or guard of the Penitentiary ; and when within the prison, will be under the surveillance of the officer or guard accompanying them. 11. Visitors will have no intercourse whatever with the prisoners, and when passing through the prison will con- duct themselves in a quiet and orderly manner — loud talk- ing, laughing, and personal allusions to prisoners by point- ing or otherwise, being positively prohibited. 12. Visitors must enter and depart through the guard room. It shall be the duty of any officer or guard of the Penitentiary, when persons are found within the prison contrary to or in violation of any of the above rules, to see that they are, immediately stopped and compelled to leave the prison and grounds. 31 13. The officers and guards will not be permitted at any time to enter the Female Department or any portion thereof, unless directed so to do by the Superintendent or the Deputy, exceptin conductingvisitors through the institution. 14. Any officer who shall sleep while at his post or while engaged in any other duty, or who shall in any way neglect his duty or behave improperly, will be discharged from the institution. 15. Two officers shall every night (at 7 o'clock p. m. in Winter and at 8 o'clock p. m. in Summer) visit the shops and cellars where fire has been used during the day and search thoroughly for any signs or indications of fire, and shall report at the office the slightest want of care, on the part of any person, that may then be discovered. During such examinations, or at other times when the officers are not on duty, they are not to touch, handle or otherwise disturb the stock, tools, machinery, or manufactured goods of the contractors. 16. No officer, guard, or matron will be allowed to leave the premises at any time, without permission of the Super- intendent, or (in his absence) of the Deputy. 17. At least four of the officers or guards will be requir- ed to be present in the guard room during the evening and night ; they shall sleep in the dormitories attached there- to ; and shall not absent themselves therefrom except to go to the fires or for other necessary purposes, and will promptly return. 18. The outer doors of the dwelling and prison will be closed at 9 o'clock p. m. The matrons and those officers absent and not having families shall return to their sleep- ing apartments at or before 10 o'clock p. m. ready to be called at any moment their services may be required. 19. No ardent spirits, wines, beer or ale are upon any occasion to be used by any officer, contractor or foreman in 32 or about the prison ; nor shall any person be suffered to bring the same within the prison walls except for the Hospital, to be used as medicine under the direction^of the Superintendent or the Physician, 20. During the warm weather, all the male prisoners will be required to bathe at 'least once every fortnight. 21. Every Sunday morning the prisoners will be march- ed to their respective shops, where they shall remain not longer than one hour, for the purpose of washing, arrang- ing their hair, and changing their clothing when necessary. The overseers in charge will be required to have the prisoners present a neat, orderly appearance. They shall then be marched back to their cells, and at 8.45 a. m. be again unlocked, form in line in the Hall, and ascend to the chapel for religious services. Every prisoner shall attend, unless mentally or physically disabled. All the officers and Matrons must be present, except those assigned to special duty elsewhere. ISTo officer or Matron shall be granted leave of absence, until after the prisoners have been given their dinner, unless by special permission from the Superintendent. 22. It shall be the duty of the officers and guards to perform night tours, Sunday, relief, dog-watch and Guard Room duties, as they may be directed by the Superin- tendent. 23. Overseers, Watchmen and Matrons, desirous of vacating their situation, shall give one month's notice in writing to the Superintendent. Daily Routine of Duties in the Jflate Prison. 1. At such time in the morning as the Superintendent or Deputy shall designate, the gong will be struck three times for the prisoners to rise, dress, put up their bedsteads, beds and bedding; and the bells will be rung at the same 33 time for the officers, who will immediately repair to the Guard Eoom. 2. At a signal from the Deputy, the Overseers will take the keys and go to their respective divisions, and the guards will take such positions in the Hall as the Deputy may direct; where, by their presence and watchfulness, they will endeavor to prevent any communication between the prisoners, or other improper conduct by them, while the waiters are- placing the rations. 3. On hearing the next signal, the overseerei^will unlock the cell doors, when each prisoner will take his ration in hand, close the door, and be immediately locked up. The officers shall then form in line, and severally report to the Deputy the number of prisoners in their respective divi- sion of cells. 4. If the number thus reported is correct the Deputy will give the signal, when the overseers and guards will hang up their keys and immediately go to breakfast, ex- cepting two, one of whom will remain in the Hall and one in the Guard Room and be relieved in turn. The officers will take their breakfast and return to the Guard Room as soon as possible. 5. At 6.45 A.M., every working day, at the prescribed signal, the guards will man the walls, and upon hearing another signal, the officers will enter the Hall and assume their positions. The Deputy will then strike the gong once, upon which the Overseers willunlock the cell doors, form their men in line and march them to their respective shops and other places of labor, when the prisoners will immediately commence work ; after which, beginning at a given point in the shops, each man will be required to wash, in consecutive order. 6. On reaching the place of employment, the Overseer will ascertain how many (if any) of his prisoners are 34 absent from their accustomed places, and will report them to the Deputy, on his first appearance. 7. The prisoners will be kept steadily at work until 12 o'clock noon, when at the prescribed signal they will cease work, form into line in their shops in the order in which they are arranged in their cells, and await the next signal, when they will march into the prison yard and form a line in rear of their buckets, facing front. At the word right, each man will turn to the right.' at the word wp, each man will take his bucket upon his left arm : they will then again form into sections in close order as marched from the shops ; and, at the word forward, will march in the same manner to the Hall, and to their cells, and be immediately locked up. 8. .Each oflficer will then report the number of men in his division of cells to the Deputy, who, upon finding the number correct, will give the signal. The watchmen on the walls and the otiicers will then repair to the Guard Room, and dining room, except two who will remain until relieved, as in the morning-. (See section 4 of Routine.) 9. The time allowed for dinner in Summer is one hour from the time the prisoners cease labor until they resume it again ; and in Winter, or short days, three quarters of an hour. 10. At the appointed time after dinner, the prisoners will be marched to their labor in the same manner as in the morning, and will continue at work until 6 p. m. in Summer or long days, and until sunset in short days, when they will be returned to their cells as at noon. 11. Immediately after the prisoners are locked in their cells for the night, one of the ofiicers remaining in the Hall will count them by passing along the galleries and looking at the occupant of and trying the door of each cell, assuring himself that what he sees is a real, living 35 person, and that the door is secure. The other officer will remain always on the side of the block of cells opposite to where his fellow officer is counting, that by his presence and watchfulness he may deter the prisoners from violat- ing the rules, or detect them in so doing. When the count is summed up, the officer will report to the Superintendent or the Deputy. 12. The officer having the dog-watch will relieve the guard who has been preserving order, immediately after tea, at which time all the officers will repair to the Guard Eoom, await the signal, and proceed to their respective divisions to return the ration pans from the cells to the kitchen, same as directed for giving the prisoners their breakfast in the morning, and report to the Deputy. (See section 3 of Routine.) 13. The dog-watch shall continue until 7.30 p. m. ; fifteen minutes previous to which time the officers having night tours to perform will enter the Hall. One shall retire to his apartment ; the other will try the cell doors and be assured that all are locked and then draw the brakes. At such times as may be designated by the Superintendent or Deputy, the night watchman will strike the gong as a signal for the prisoners to retire ; and, after waiting a reasonable time, he will pass along the galleries and see that the signal is obeyed. At 12.30 a. m. he will call his partner ; and, before retiring, will see that he is up, ready for duty. 14. The officers mentioned in the last preceding "section will not suffer prisoners to rise and remain up in their cells during the night, except for necessary purposes. If any sickness or disorder takes place, the officers will call the Deputy, who will immediately repair to the Hall, and take the requisite measures for the relief of the sick, or the suppression of disorder. The officers will be allowed 36 to sit down only to rest their limbs and for the briefest possible time. For this purpose, they shall use only a high stool to be placed at the North end of the cells and on a direct line south of the guard room door. The officer doing the second tour shall ring the bells in the morning at such hours as he may be directed, and shall remain in the Hall until the proper officer comes to relieve him. He shall then arouse those officers sleeping in Guard Eoom No. 2 and in the North wing. 15. The duty of going to fires will be found under head of General Rules, section 15. The foregoing regulations, prescribing the routine of duties in the Penitentiary, are set forth for the instruc- tion and government of the subordinate officers, employees, and others, and the most careful and strict observance of the same is required and will be enforced. AMOS PILSBURT, Superintendent. Approved W. A. Young, ^ Robert Babcock, \ Inspectors. Eli Perry, J Penitentiary, July 1st, 1868.