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 Cornell University Library 
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 Preparation of manuscripts for the Journ 
 
 3 1924 000 929 707 
 
JO: ft?- 
 
 JJSEPHOSItABK 
 
 Preparation of Manuscripts 
 
 ... for the .. . 
 
 Jourpal of Agricultural Researcli 
 
 EDITORIAL COMMITTEE 
 
 f OR THE DSPAHTMENT 
 
 iCAJftL F. KEttERMAN". Chaiksian 
 
 PUftifHoliilt «ni Assttiftt Ckitl, Btireau 
 t^PtmtlnMxy 
 
 EDWIN W. ALLEN 
 
 CM/. Ofia ofExptrimeiti Simian:, 
 
 CHARLES L. $tARl-ATT 
 
 EntamibJtitt iMAstistdMt Chut fiuri-au 
 of Entomolagy 
 
 FOR THE AaSOOATJOH - 
 
 RAYMOND PEARL 
 
 Biefotiif, iiaitt AgriaituTol Etpertmrnt 
 
 Staiten (Se* footnote, p i ) 
 
 H. IP- ARMSBY 
 
 OirMar^ IitHUuIr of Animil NvtriUon, T»» 
 PtttnsjilvttKia Statt CoUtst 
 
 E. M. FREEMAN 
 
 BctttOiA . Plunt Patietofiit. and AssisMci 
 Dtatt, Agrmdititiil Exptrimmt Status of 
 lit Unhtrsity ef Uiitnudta 
 
 u '^4 
 
 SlI$HEO Bf AUTHORITY OF THE SECRETARY OF AGRICCLTUR?.. 
 
 ^ynm THE COOPERATION OF THE ASSOCUTION OJP AMERICAN 
 
 iGWCUlTUKAt COLLEGES 4N» EXPERIMENT STATIONS 
 
 WASt^INOTON. D. C. 
 
 1917 
 
 ■wjusmumtoni : oontssMUST nttrtivt owic* : iwi 
 
 b 
 
m 
 
 Cornell University 
 Library 
 
 The original of this book is in 
 the Cornell University Library. 
 
 There are no known copyright restrictions in 
 the United States on the use of the text. 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924000929707 
 
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 JOSEPH OSKAMP. 
 
 Preparation of Manuscripts 
 
 ... for the .. . 
 
 Journal of Agricultural Research 
 
 EDITORIAL COMMITTEE 
 
 FOR THE DEPARTMKNT 
 KARL F. KELLERMAN, Chairman 
 
 Physiologist and Associate Chief, Bureau 
 of Plant Industry 
 
 EDWIN W.. ALLEN 
 
 Chief, Office of Experiment Stations 
 
 CHARLES L. MARLATT 
 
 Entomologist and Assistant Chief, Bureau 
 of Entomology 
 
 FOR THE ASSOCIATION 
 
 RAYMOND PEARL 
 
 Biologist, Maine A gricultural Experiment 
 Station. (See footnote, p. 2.) 
 
 H. P. ARMSBY 
 
 Director, Institute of Animal Nutrition, The 
 Pennsylvania State Qollege 
 
 E. M. FREEMAN 
 
 Botanist, Plant Pathologist, and Assistant 
 Dean, Agricultural Experiment Station of 
 the University of Minnesota 
 
 PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY OF THE SECRETARY OF AGRICULTURE, 
 
 WITH THE COOPERATION OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AMERICAN 
 
 AGRICULTURAL COLLEGES AND EXPERIMENT STATIONS 
 
 WASHINQXON, D. C. 
 1917 
 
 WASHINGTON : GOVERNMENT PEINTING OFFICE : 1917 
 

 lli^A 
 
 PREPARATION OP MANUSCRIPTS FOR THE JOURNAL OF 
 AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH 
 
 GENERAL PROCEDURE 
 
 The Editorial Committee of the Journal of Agricultural ResBarch 
 will act as a single committee on matters of general administration and 
 policy of the Journal of Agricultural Research. 
 
 In the consideration of manuscripts submitted for publication the com- 
 mittee will operate as two subcommittees, the, representatives of the 
 State Experiment Stations having entire jurisdiction over papers from 
 the Experiment Stations and the representatives of the United States 
 Department of Agriculture having entire jurisdiction over papers from 
 the Department. 
 
 Manuscripts originating in the United States Department of Agriculture 
 should be sent to the Chairman of the Editorial Committee. Manuscripts 
 emanating from the State Experiment Stations should be sent to H. P. 
 Armsby, Institute of Animal Nutrition, State College, Pa., Acting Chair- 
 man of the Subcommittee in Charge of Experiment Station Manuscripts.' 
 
 Every article intended for publication in the Journal should bear the 
 formal approval of the Chief of the Department Bureau or of the Director 
 of the Experiment Station from which the paper emanates. 
 
 Where a preliminary report of research has been released for publica- 
 tion in an outside journal, a copy of the preliminary paper must accom- 
 pany the article submitted for the Journal op Agricultural Re- 
 search. Extensive preliminary publication will preclude publication 
 in the Journal. 
 
 It is adAdsable that a duplicate copy of the manuscript be kept by the 
 author. The submission of the manuscript in duplicate or triplicate 
 will expedite action by the Editorial Committee. 
 
 The Director of an Experiment Station will be notified of a date on or 
 before which a paper emanating from his Station will appear in the 
 Journal. Publication of the article by the Station must not take place 
 before that time. 
 
 The key number appearing in the lower tight-hand comer of the first 
 page of each article shows the total number of papers issued by the 
 Department Bureau or State Experiment Station from which the paper 
 emanates. 
 
 ' Dr. Pearl has undertaken special work in connection with the war emergency; therefore, until further 
 notice Dr. Armsby will act as chairman of the Subcommittee in Charge of Experiment Station Manu> 
 scripts. 
 
 2 
 
 100863—17 
 
JOURNAL OF AGRICUIyTURAI, RESEARCH 3 
 
 CLASSES OF PAPERS 
 
 The Journal op Agricultural Research publishes three classes of 
 papers: 
 
 In the Journal proper: 
 
 1. Major papers: Concise but complete reports of original research. 
 
 2. Preliminary papers reporting original research. 
 In separate form: 
 
 3. Reprints of Journal papers. 
 
 I. A major paper should chronicle a discovery or definite advance in a 
 science that directly or indirectly may be of importance to the art of 
 agriculture. 
 
 Papers which are purely of systematic and taxonomic interest should 
 be published in journals which are more appropriate for such descriptions, 
 reserving the Journal for accounts of research in the field of agriculture, 
 as distinguished from general science. Accounts of conventional tests 
 and experiments which do not involve originality in plan or method nor 
 provide for the control or accurate measurement of the experimental 
 conditions and which fail definitely to throw light upon the relationship 
 to principles or limiting factors are not considered suitable for publication 
 in the Journal. The same is true of descriptions of local variety tests 
 of plants or animals, fertilizer and feeding experiments, routine analyses 
 which merely contribute to the mass of similar data, elaborate historical 
 reviews, and, in fact, all articles which are encyclopedic and purely 
 statistical rather than reports of original studies made for the purpose 
 of research. 
 
 Long historical reviews should be reduced merely to a sufiicient review 
 of the literature to define clearly the problem undertaken by the author 
 and to show the bearing of his contribution. Logical and concise pres- 
 entation, freed from extraneous and confusing details, is more to be 
 desired than minute and tedious notation and explanation, or studied 
 originality of expression. Such an article usually will not exceed 10 or 
 12 printed pages in length; and seldom, if ever, should it exceed 50 pages. 
 
 It is seldom practicable or desirable to include all the data obtained 
 in an investigation. Many of the data pertaining to intermediate steps 
 and individual records of negative results are unessential to the majority 
 of readers and do not justify the expense of publication. The desire of 
 writers to make published articles a complete record of their studies is 
 often founded on the criticism of some readers who assume that, if 
 everything is not given, something of importance may have been with- 
 held or conclusions may have been incorrectly drawn. The contention 
 that the reader should be able to check up completely the author's 
 findings from the published account is generally not justified, though 
 the extent to which it is desirable to report details of research is admittedly 
 a difficult question, not to be determined by set rules. The reader has 
 a right to essential scientific evidence, but evidently there must be a 
 
4 PREPARATION OP MANUSCRIPTS 
 
 limit, dependent upon the suggestive value of the details and incidental 
 matter. Critical judgment is essential regarding what is feasible, so far 
 as the agencies for publication are concerned, and what is desirable, so 
 far as the reader and the permanent value of the research are concerned. 
 
 2. Occasionally the progress of an extensive research is considerable 
 and the data available are important, yet the entire problem has not 
 been completed. Under these circumstances an article which is a pre- 
 liminary report of very extensive research and which announces some of 
 the more important new features of the work may be published in the 
 Journal and the completed work issued later. 
 
 3. Each paper in the Journai, is reprinted in a separate form. 
 
 DISTRIBUTION OF THE JOURNAL 
 
 The complete Journai, is issued every week. It is distributed free 
 throughout the world to agriculture colleges and experiment stations, 
 universities. Government depositories, large technical schools, and insti- 
 tutions whose work relates directly to scientific research in agriculture. 
 No copies whatever are for free distribution to individuals. 
 
 For those who desire to purchase the Journal, the Superintendent of 
 Documents, Washington, D. C, maintains a subscription Ust, the price 
 of the weekly magazine being $3 per year. Single copies may also be 
 purchased at varying prices, generally 10 or 15 cents. The Monthly List 
 of PubUcations of the Department gives the price of each number, as well 
 as a list of the contents. 
 
 DISTRIBUTION OF REPRINTS 
 
 Each Department Bureau or State Experiment Station has entire con- 
 trol over the distribution of the reprints emanating therefrom, with the 
 exception of the following automatic distribution : 
 
 (a) One hundred copies will be sent to the author or authors for 
 
 personal distribution. 
 (6) Reprints of State Experiment Station papers will be sent to 
 Department workers interested in the subject of the paper. 
 
 DEPARTMENT REPRINTS 
 
 Any number of reprints up to i ,500, including the authors' copies, will 
 be furnished to Department Bureaus. 
 
 Every manuscript emanating from the Department should be accom- 
 panied by a scheme (yellow card) giving in detail the distribution to be 
 made of the reprints. If reprints are to be sent to any of the permanent 
 stenciled lists of the Division of Publications or the Government Printing 
 Office, either the key numbers or the titles of such lists should be given. 
 In addition. Department offices should send to the Division of Publica- 
 tions addressed franks sufficient for mailing the reprints to the addresses 
 that are not upon stenciled lists. 
 
JOURNAL, OF AGRICULTURAL, RESEARCH 5 
 
 EXPERIMENT STATION REPRINTS 
 
 Any number of reprints up to 300 (exclusive of the authors' copies) will 
 be furnished a State Experiment Station upon its order. (A printed 
 form will be supplied for this purpose.) Any request for an additional 
 number should be accompanied by a detailed statement of the reasons 
 underlying the request. * 
 
 Experiment Stations desiring reprints in excess of 300 may obtain them 
 in any desired number at the cost of their production. It is impossible to 
 make any general statement as to what this cost would be. Station-paid 
 reprints should be ordered direct from the Superintendent of Documents, 
 Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. A bill will be rendered 
 by the Superintendent of Documents to the State Experiment Station 
 when the reprints are forwarded. Payment should be made as soon as 
 the account is audited. 
 
 Authors' free reprints will be sent to the senior author, and the dis- 
 tribution to the other authors should be made by him. 
 
 Authors desiring reprints in excess of their free allotment may obtain 
 them at cost by writing direct to the Superintendent of Documents, 
 Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. Remittance (in cash or 
 postal money order) should be made at time of ordering. 
 
 RULES FOR THE PREPARATION OF MANUSCRIPTS 
 
 When preparing an article for the Journal of Agricultural Research, 
 consult a copy frequently and follow its style, especially in tables, illus- 
 trations, and citations. 
 
 Every page of a manuscript, including tables and illustrations, should 
 be numbered consecutively, and the total number of pages should be 
 written at the top of the first page of the manuscript. 
 
 Manuscripts should be of letter-size paper, about 8 by io>^ inches, 
 typewritten either triple or double space. Single space should never be 
 used. If triple space is used for the body of the text, double space may 
 be used for quotations, legends, illustrations, footnotes, and tables. 
 
 Title of paper should be written at the top of the first page of the 
 manuscript. 
 
 Author. — ^The name of the author should be written on the next line 
 after the title of the article. The title of author, Office, and Department 
 Bureau or State Experiment Station should be given on separate Une. 
 
 A TABLE OF CONTENTS showing the proper relation of the headings 
 should be furnished. 
 
 A LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS should accompany every manuscript for aid 
 in editing. 
 
 A BRIEF SUMMARY of the principal points or important conclusions of 
 the article should form the concluding section of every paper. 
 
 Orthography. — Webster's New International Dictionary (1913) is the 
 standard authority of the Government Printing Office. 
 
6 PREPARATION OP MANUSCRIPTS 
 
 ILLUSTRATIONS 
 
 Only illustrations which are of good quality and which are necessary 
 to a clear understanding of the report can be accepted for publication. 
 
 Kach illustration must be specifically referred to in the text. 
 
 So far as possible, text figures (line drawings) should be used in pref- 
 irence to plate/ (half-tones or color illustrations). 
 
 TexT PiGURUS. — Maximum width, ^% inches; maximum length, 6% 
 inches. 
 
 The legend should be inserted in the text immediately following the 
 first reference to the illustration. 
 
 The proper number of the text figure, the title of the article, and a 
 copy of its legend should be attached to each figure. 
 
 Text figures should be numbered in the order of their reference. 
 
 Arabic numerals should be used in numbering and in referring to 
 text figures, as "fig. 13." 
 
 When separate figures in an illustration are referred to, each figure 
 should be designated by a capital letter {A, B, C) in pencil on the 
 margin of the illustration. When referring to a part of a figure — ^for 
 example, to a diseased spot on a leaf — use small letters (a, 6, c) in pencil 
 on the margin of the illustration. 
 
 Platbs. — Width, 4.^ inches; length, 7}4 inches. 
 
 Legends of plates should not be inserted in the text, but should be 
 placed at the end of the manuscript. 
 
 Photographs intended for plates should be of a glossy finish and 
 should be unmounted. These should be attached slightly at the cor- 
 ners to letter-size paper on which should be written the plate number, 
 title of article,,.and a short identifying legend. 
 
 The title of the paper should be attached to each plate. 
 
 Arabic numerals should be used in numbering plates and in referring 
 to them in the text, as "PI. 29." Separate figures in the plates should 
 be lettered in capitals {A, B, C, etc.). Parts of the separate figures 
 should be designated by small letters (a, b, c, etc.). 
 
 Color plates should be lettered alphabetically, as "PI. A." Sepa- 
 rate figures of color plates should be designated by arabic numerals, as 
 "Plate H, figures 2 and 4." 
 
 CITATIONS TO LITERATURE 
 
 If there are seven or more citations to literature, they should be grouped 
 together at the end of the paper under the heading "Literature cited;" 
 if less than seven, they should be given in footnotes. Only references 
 cited in the text will be printed. 
 
 If the original of an article has not been consulted, the following 
 statement should be added to the citation: "Original not seen." 
 
 If only an abstract can be cited, the word "abstract" should follow 
 the title. (See example A.) 
 
JOtTRNAIv OP AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH ^ 
 
 The abbreviations "fig.," "pi.," and "p.," for figures, plates, and 
 pages, respectively, are used regardless of the language of the title 
 of the book or periodical; but the language of the title should be followed 
 for edition, volume, and part. (See example A.) 
 
 Citations under "Literature cited" should be placed in alphabetical 
 order (or chronological, if desired) and, preferably, should be numbered 
 for convenient reference. The reference in the text should be made as 
 follows: "Was reported by Cugini (i, p. 75), etc."; or "was reported 
 by Cugini (1891, p. 75), etc." 
 
 Footnotes should be inserted in the manuscript on the line imme- 
 diately following the reference and should be cut off from the text proper 
 by a line above and below. If desired, the specific page cited may be 
 given. (See example D.) The reference in the text should be made as 
 follows: "Cugini* said that, etc." 
 
 In Citations of books, the author's surname, followed by his fore- 
 name or initials, the verbatim title of the work, edition, volume, pages, 
 figures, plates, and placeof publication should be given. (See example B.) 
 In footnote references the date should follow the place of pubUcation. 
 (See example D.) 
 
 In Citations op periodicals the author's surname, followed by his 
 forename or initials, and the verbatim title of the article should be given. 
 In should precede the title of the periodical, which should be followed 
 by the number of the series, volume, and part, the inclusive pages, the 
 number of figures, if numbered (if unnumbered, use "illus."), and the 
 number of plates. In footnote references the date should be placed at 
 the end of the citation. (See example C.) The month and year should 
 be given if there is no part number, but not in addition to the part num- 
 ber, unless it is especially desirable. Where two dates are given, the 
 nominal date should appear immediately after the volume number. 
 Titles of periodicals are abbreviated according to the "List of Abbrevia- 
 tions Employed in Experiment Station Record," but for convenience 
 they may be written in full in the manuscript. 
 
 In Synonomy the author's name and the title of the book or periodical 
 
 should be abbreviated, and the date of publication written immediately 
 
 after the author's name. The place of publication should be omitted. 
 
 (See example E.) 
 
 Examples op "Literature Cited" 
 
 a. — ^periodical citations 
 (i) Cugini, Gino. 
 
 1891. II, CARBONE DEL GRAND TURCO. In Bol R. Staz. AgT. Modena, n. s. v. 
 10, 1890, p. 71-87, pi. 3-4. 
 
 (2) Stevens, F. L. 
 
 1912. NITRATE IN SOILS. (Abstract.) In Centbl. Bakt. [etc.], Abt. 2, Bd. 
 34, No. 1/3, p. 64. 
 
 (3) Sackett, W. G. 
 
 1914. THE NITRIFYING EPPICIENCY OF CERTAIN COLORADO SOILS. Colo. Agf. 
 
 Exp. Sta. Bui. 193, 38 p. 
 
8 PREPARATION OF MANUSCRIPTS 
 
 B. — ^BOOK CITATION 
 
 (4) Hbnry, W. A., and Morrison, F. B. 
 
 1915. PEBDS AND FBSDING . . . cd. 15, 691 p. Madisoii, Wis. 
 
 Examples op Footnotes 
 
 C. — ^PERIODICAI, citation 
 
 (i) CuGiNi, Gino. II, carbone del grano turco. In Bol. R. Staz. Agr. Modena, 
 n. s. V. 10, 1890, p. 71-87, pi. 3-4. 1891. 
 
 D. — book citation 
 
 (3) Henry, W. A., and Morrison, F, B. feeds and feeding . . ed. ij, p. 
 500. Madison, Wis., 1915. 
 
 E. — Examples of Synonymy 
 
 Limonia Sckweinfurthii Engler, 1895, in Notizbl. K. Bot. Gartens u. Mus. Berlin, 
 
 Bd. I, p. 29. 
 Citrus articulata Willd., 1826, in Spreng., Syst. Veg., v. 3, p. 334. 
 
 Corrections of figures should be made with care, especially in 
 tabular matter. Either erase the original figures and insert the cor- 
 rections or strike out and write the corrections in the margin. 
 
 Metric weights and measures. — Always abbreviate if there is a 
 recognized form, as "gm.," "kgm.," "cm.," "c. c"; but spell out "liter," 
 "meter," "square centimeter," etc. 
 
 English weights and measures. — Abbreviate only when inclosed in 
 parentheses or in tables. 
 
 Common name of plant, insect, etc. — The first reference should be 
 followed by its scientific name in parentheses. 
 
 Quotations and proper names should be verified, as no corrections 
 will be made in editing. 
 
 Geographic names. — The following authorities, in the order given, 
 govern the spelling of geographic names : 
 
 1. Correct Orthography of Geographic Names (decisions of the United States 
 
 Geographic Board). 
 
 2. United States Postal Guide. 
 
 3. Lippincott's Gazetteer of the World. 
 
 4. International Postal Guide. 
 
 5. Rand, McNally & Co.'s Atlas. 
 
 Corrections of proof. — The Government Printing Office seriously 
 objects to material changes in proof; sufiicient time therefore should be 
 taken to prepare a manuscript so thoroughly that practically no editing 
 will be necessary in proof. Except under extraordinary conditions, 
 only one proof will be sent to authors. 
 
 Changes in manuscripts are made by the editors either to conform to 
 the Journal style or for clarity of expression. These should be consid- 
 ered as suggestions of the editors. If an author wishes to revert to the orig- 
 inal form, the necessary changes should be made in the proof sent him. 
 
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