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 A 
 
 Agricultural 
 
 Bibliography 
 
 OF THE 
 
 State of Maine. 
 
Cornell University 
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 http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924014507374 
 
-^161 Uc^ 
 
EZEKIEL HOLMES, 
 
 FIRST SECBETAKT OF THE MAINE BOARD OF AGRICULTURE; 
 
 AT THE AGE OF SIXTT-FOUK YEARS. 
 
AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHY 
 
 OF MAINE 
 
 BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES OF MAINE WRITERS ON AGRICULTURE, 
 
 WITH A CATALOGUE OF THEIR WORKS; AND AN INDEX 
 
 TO THE VOLUMES ON THE AGRICULTURE 
 
 OF MAINE, FROM 1850 TO 1892 
 
 By SAMUEL L. BOARDMAN 
 
 AUGUSTA: 
 
 PRINTED FOR THE AUTHOR 
 1893 
 
iO-' 
 
 z s-oys 
 
 G^/hO^^ 
 
 3 
 
 EDITION OF TWO HUKDKED COPIES OX LARGE PAPER. 
 
TO THE MEMORY OF 
 
 EZEKIEL HOLMES, 
 
 TEACHER, EDITOR, SCIEKTiST, PHILANTHROPIST: 
 
 THE FATHER OF 
 
 AGRICULTURAL LITERATURE IN MAINE. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 Preface, 
 latroductiou, 
 Bibliography, 
 General Index, 
 
 PAGE 
 
 vii 
 
 1 
 
 19 
 
 91 
 
 ILLUSTRATIONS. 
 
 Portruit of Ezekiel Holmes, 
 
 Fac-slmile of title-page to The Rural Socrates, 
 Pac-simile of title-page to The Northern Shepherd, 
 General offices of Maine Experiment Station, 
 Laboratory of Maine Experiment Station, 
 View on the grounds of the Maine State College, 
 
 FRONTISPIECE 
 
 PAGE 
 
 3 
 
 45 
 56 
 60 
 
 77 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 The present work has been prepared as a contribution to the 
 World's Columbian I^xposition, Department A, group, 15, class 
 83, — "agricultural literature and statistics." 
 
 The biographical sketches embraced in the following pages are 
 those of the leading writers upon agriculture, native or residents of 
 Maine. It has been the aim of the author to present the name of 
 every contributor to agricultural literature whose writings have 
 taken considerable rank in agricultural annals, and if any have 
 been omitted it has been from want of knowledge or information 
 regarding them. It has been matter for regret that in some cases 
 the replies to repeated letters of inquiry have been very meagre ; 
 so mach so that it is feared the sketches will appear inad- 
 equate to the persons whom they most concern. In other cases no 
 replies whatever have been received, and it is consequently feared 
 that some names should appear here which do not occur at all. It 
 can only be said in these cases that the writer has faithfully 
 endeavored to do equal and exact justice to ail. 
 
 It has been found difficult also, to draw the line between the 
 admission of a name to the Bibliography, which would entitle it to 
 the distinction of a biographical sketch ; or to place it in the 
 general index in connection with authors and subjects. Much 
 study was given to this point and it is believed the results have 
 been such as will meet the approval of all interested. In cases of 
 deceased authors estimates of their character and works have been 
 carefully admitted ; and in a few instances the recognition of 
 important and original work by living authors, has been noticed by 
 experts qualified to judge, as something altogether fitting and in com- 
 mendable taste. Many native Maine authors on agriculture have 
 won wide distinction for their elaborate works, while all have per- 
 formed an honorable part in the agricultural literature of the 
 country and age. Writers on the sciences relating to agriculture, 
 as geology, entomology, botany, forestry, in their economic appli- 
 cations, have been included in this list. 
 
VIU PREFACE. 
 
 A woi'd may be said as to the illustrations. The frontispiece is 
 enlarged from a card photograph, the negative of which was made by 
 Sawyer, a Bungor artist, at Augusta, in the winter of 1865, only 
 a few weeks before Dr. Holmes' death. The portrait by Meisel — 
 a lithographic plate — which appears in the Report of the Board of 
 Agriculture for 1865, was a composite one, and never quite satis- 
 factory to those who knew Dr. Holmes only in his later years. 
 The old title-pages are exact reproductions of the earliest works 
 issued in Maine on agricultural subjects ; that of the Northern 
 Shepherd being the work published by the Kennebec Agricultural 
 Society in 1835. These three plates have been made especially 
 for this work ; the views of the State College and Experiment 
 Station have before appeared, and the plates are kindly loaned for 
 use here. 
 
 The want of complete references to volume and page, in some 
 cases, is due to the fact that the author did not have the opportu- 
 nity of consulting original sources of information, and was obliged 
 to depend upon notes furnished by individual writers. 
 
 Augusta, Maine, June 1, 1893. 
 
INTRODUCTION. 
 
 It is an interesting fact, especially to all intelligent Maine farm- 
 ers, that while Arthur Young and Sir John Sinclair were engaged 
 in their eminent services for the improvement of the agriculture of 
 Great Britain, and leading citizens of Pennsylvania had established 
 and were 'carrying on "The Philadelphia Society for Promoting 
 Agriculture," (the first association of its kind formed in the United 
 States) , leading citizens in the then District of Maine had organized 
 an agricultural^society, the third in all North America at the time. 
 So that the great "light stations" first established in this country 
 for the improvement of agriculture and the diffusion of agricultural 
 literature, were : Philadelphia, Pa., 1785 ; Charleston, S. C, 1785 ; 
 Hallowell, Maine, 1787. It was not till five years after this, viz : 
 March 7, 1792, that the '-Massachusetts Society for Promoting 
 Agriculture" was incorporated at Boston. The broad-minded men 
 interested in the establishment of these societies, were convinced 
 of the necessity and of the assistance which such associations 
 would afford to the interests of agriculture. Their objects were at 
 first confined to the diffusion of knowledge pertaining to rural 
 economy through the publication of "Memoirs" or "Papers ;" the 
 offering of premiums for the elucidation of subjects upon which 
 information was desired ; the adoption of approved systems and 
 methods of European culture suited to the conditions of this coun- 
 try, as well as for the improvement of certain articles of domestic 
 manufacture. The holding of fairs or "cattle shows" was no part 
 of the objects of these early societies, this feature not having been 
 introduced till Oct. 1, 1810, when the Berkshire Agricultural Soci- 
 ety, under the direction of Mr. Elkanah Watson, held a cattle show 
 at Pittsfield, Mass., the first that ever took place in the United 
 
 States. 
 
 The Kennebec Agricultural Society was established through the 
 efforts of Dr. Benjamin Vaughan, and his brother, Mr. Charles 
 Vaughan. Dr. Benjamin Vaughan was born in England, April 30, 
 1751, studied at Cambridge and received his medical degree at 
 
2 AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 Edinburgh. During the American Revolution Dr. Vaughan was a 
 member of Parliament, but on account of his friendship for the 
 American Colonies he was obliged to leave his country for France 
 where he resided for several years. In Paris he formed an intimate 
 acquaintance with Dr. Benjamin Franklin ; and greatly admired the 
 character of Washington. After the establishment of peace with 
 England Dr. Vaughan came te the District of Maine and settled in 
 Hallowell. "on the banks of the beautiful Kennebec." Charles 
 Vaughan, who was born in London, June 30, 1759, soon followed 
 his brother to this country, both settling upon a family property 
 derived from their maternal grandfather, Benjamin Hallowell — a 
 tract of land which extended along the Kennebec river for one mile, 
 and westward to Cobbosseecontee lake — a distance of five miles. 
 This land they improved and kept in a high state of cultivation, 
 employing a large number of workmen upon it throughout the year. 
 They had extensive gardens, established nurseries, planted orchards, 
 imported stock, seeds, plants, cuttings and implements from Eng- 
 land, and carried on modtl farming upon a large scale. They built 
 miles of faced and bank wall upon their farms, laid out and built 
 roads for the public use, and while they sold trees and plants from 
 their nurseries, often to the value of a thousand dollars in a single 
 year, they also freely gave to all who were unable to buy ; sent 
 stock, plants and seeds to leading farmers in the several new towns 
 for them to propagate or test, and carried on correspondence with 
 prominent farmers. The apple was not then so highly esteemed for 
 fruit as it is now, but cider was made in large quantities. The 
 Vaughans built the largest and most perfect cider mill and press in 
 New England, employing a skilled mechanic from England to set 
 up the machinery. In their gardens and orchards were apples, 
 pears, peaches, cherries, and many kinds of nut-bearing trees. 
 Doctor Vaughan was a distinguished student, a celebrated physician 
 and an extensive writer upon agricultural subjects, passing a great 
 part of his time in studies and scientific investigations. He carried 
 on an extensive correspondence with learned men and savants both 
 in America and abroad. Among his correspondents in this country 
 were Washington, Franklin, and the elder Adams ; in France 
 Lafayette aod Jilichaux the naturalist ; in England, Sir John Sin- 
 clair, Arthur Young, Sir Humphrey Davy and many distinguished 
 statesmen. Charles Vaughan had the immediate care of their large 
 estates and the carrying out of their experiments and farming oper- 
 
THE 
 
 RURAL SOCRATES ; 
 
 OR 
 
 AN ACCOUNT OF A CELEBRATED 
 
 PHILOSOPHICAL FARMER, 
 
 LATELY LIVING IN SWITZERL/IND, 
 
 AND 
 
 KNOWN BY THE NAME OF 
 
 K L I Y O G G. 
 
 Seed thou a man diligent in buflnrfs, he (hall (land before kings. 
 
 Pnvrrhs xxii. 29, 
 
 Spiritus unus 
 
 Per cunfias habitat partes. Manila AftronomUm. I. II. 
 
 HALLOWELL (district op mains) 
 
 fruited by Fetek Edbs ; and fold by the bookfellers in the ptiocipal 
 towns of the United States. 
 
 A. D. 1800. 
 
 TITLE-I'AUIi llF FIRST BODK RKLATIXG TO AGRIL ILTlRt; 
 PRINTKD IX 5IAINK. 
 
INTRODUCTION. 3 
 
 ations. These were very extensive, were pprformed at great cost 
 of care and money, and had for their object the improvement of the 
 agriculture of the state as much as they did the business of their 
 owners. No breed of stoclt or variety of fruit, vegetable or seed 
 was disseminated until it had been thoroughly tested and found to 
 be valuable and well adapted to this country. 
 
 Dr. Vaughan bad an extensive library and received from England 
 the works on a^^riculture printed by Arthur Young, the •'Commun- 
 ications to the English Board of Agriculture" and works of other writ- 
 ers, some of which are now to be found in the Hallowell public library. 
 In 1800 he published an edition of "The Rural Socrates," which 
 was printed at Hallowell by Peter E'ies. There is nothing in the 
 book to indicate that it was published under Dr. Vaughan's direc- 
 tion, but I had this fact many years ago from the late Mr. John 
 Hesketh, a sou of Mr. John Hesketh who came over from England 
 with Dr. Vaughan as his head gardener, and the venerable Hallo- 
 well printer. Col. D P. Livermore. Arthur Young had published 
 an edition of this work in London, in 1770, under the title of : 
 "Rural Economy ; or Essays on the practical parts of Husbandry ; 
 to which is added The Rural Socrates, being memoirs of a [Swiss] 
 Countiy Philosopher [M. Hirzel]." This work had been reprinted 
 in Philad^phia in 1775, probably under tlie en;^ouragement of the 
 Philadelphia Society, and it is an interesting fact that the second 
 American edition of th s early trr atise on agriculture should have 
 been printed in the District of Maine. Hi nee it may be safely said 
 that the interest in agricultural literature was as great at the com- 
 mencement of ihe present century, in this new and wilderness state, 
 as at any place in the United States. The Rural Socrates is an 
 8vo. volume of xiv, 203, xi.i pages, the matter of which is divided 
 into three sections and an appendix. It contains an account of a 
 philosophical farmer known as Kliyo^g, living in Switzerland, his 
 farm methods, mode of life, and particulars as to his character and 
 sentiments This book is exceedingly rare. I do not know of but 
 two copies, one of which is in the library of the State College at 
 Orono, the other in the collection of the writer. 
 
 Dr Vaughan's first contribution to the "Papers on Agriculture, 
 consisting of Communications made to the Massachusetts Society 
 for Promoting Agriculture," appears in the part for 1803, and is 
 entitled : "On the Benefit of Stripping the Bark from the Trunks 
 of Trees, etc. By a member of the Kennebec A- ricultural Society." 
 
4 AGRICULTUEAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 It occupies pages 5-23, and is designed "to show the benefit of 
 stripping the bark from the trunk of certain diseased or feeble 
 orchard trees ; confirmed by accounts respecting the periodical dis- 
 barking of the Spanish cork-trees ; and of certain other operations 
 which may be performed with advantage on the bark of fruit trees." 
 The article is dated, "Kennebec, January, 1802." 
 
 His second contribution is published in the same number and is 
 entitled: "Means for increasing the Strength, &c., of Timber. 
 By a member of the Kennebec Agricultural Society." It occupies 
 pages 23-43, and treats "of several cheap and brief operations 
 which have been proposed for increasing the strength and dura- 
 bility of certain species of timber, and for giving an immense 
 increase of the dimensions, to be employed while the timber is 
 growing." 
 
 The third essay is contained in the "Papers on Agriculture" for 
 1804. It is : "Particulars respecting the history and the use of the 
 species of Gypsum, called Plaster of Paris ; especially as it con- 
 cerns Agriculture. By a member of the Kennebec Agricultural 
 Society." This occupies pages 11-24, and is dated, "Kennebec, 
 April, 1804." 
 
 The fourth essay from his pen appears in the same part, 
 pages 47-103, and is entitled : "Fruit Trees. A Letter to Judge 
 Dwight Foster, respecting the methods in use for forming Dwarf 
 Fruit Trees, with some detailed particulars respecting Fruit Trees 
 in General ; and Observations on the Supposed decline and extinc- 
 tion of Certain Fruits. By a member of the Kennebec Agricultural 
 Society." This is dated. "Kennebec, April 28, 1804." This is 
 one of the most ingenious and interesting of Dr. Vaughan's essays 
 and its numerous references and quotations indicate the wide range 
 of his reading and his close and accurate observation. 
 
 In the "Papers on Agriculture" for 18011. pages 9-14, appears an 
 "Address of the Kennebec Agricultural Society," which is signed 
 by John Merrick, and is prefaced with this note : "The following 
 communication appeared in the Kennebec Gazette for June 19 and 
 26. 1807, which you will do'a favor to the fanners of Massachusetts 
 by publishing in your Agricultural Papeis. Yours, B. V. Novem- 
 ber, 1807." 
 
 Dr. Benjamin Vaughan died in Hallowell, December 8, 1835. 
 Charles Vaughan died in Hallowell, May 15, 1839. It is almost 
 impossible to over-estimate the value of the efforts of these pioneers 
 
INTRODUCTION. 
 
 in the agricultural development of the State and country, and they 
 should ever be held in grateful remembrance by the farmers of 
 Maine for what they did in improving and perfecting the many 
 branches of our agricultural operations. Their good influence is 
 realized even to the present day. 
 
 One of the earliest writers on the physical resources of Maine, 
 who did much to attract attention to the wealth of timber, manu- 
 facturing advantages and agricultural characteristics of the Dis- 
 trict and State, was Moses Greenleaf , who was the author of two 
 important statistical and general works, and an atlas of maps of 
 the State. Mr. Greenleaf was born at Newburyport, Mass., Octo- 
 ber 17, 1777, and came to New Gloucester with his father's family. 
 Becoming of age and desiring to go into business he settled in Ban- 
 gor and went into trade. In a brief sketch of Mr. Greenleaf, from 
 the papers of the late William D. Williamson, published in the Ban- 
 gor Historical Magazine, Vol. 4, 1888-'9, p. 75, Mr. Williamson 
 who knew Mr. Greenleaf well, says : "Unable through misfortunes 
 or changes in the times to sustain himself in mercantile business, 
 about the year 1806 or 1807, he resigned his property into the 
 hands of his creditors, and afterwards removing into the township 
 where he died, prepared, in the midst of the wilderness, a habita- 
 tion for himself and family. His mind was energetic and elastic. 
 His education, which was acquired at the common schools, was 
 greatly improved by reading and reflection, by business, and by 
 the literary pursuits to which his mind and tastes so much inclined. 
 Being a magistrate, a land-surveyor, and a ready writer, he was 
 one of the most useful men among the settlers of a new country. 
 At one time he was a Justice of the Court of Sessions. In 1816 
 he published a map and a 'Statistical View of Maine,' and in Jan- 
 uary of that year the Legislature of Massachusetts authorized a 
 subscription of one thousand copies, at $3 for each map and 75 
 cents for each copy of the work. Encouraged by this patronage 
 he revised and enlarged both and in 1829 published them at great 
 expense. The new edition was called 'Survey of Maine,' and the 
 maps were several. On application to the Legislature of Maine 
 for aid, a resolve passed March 10, 1830, gave him $500, and a 
 subscription on the part of the Government for four hundred copies 
 of the maps and 'Survey' at $16 per set. These last works acquired 
 him considerable credit, but they were too heavy to find a ready 
 and extensive sale, and hence the remuneration for his labor was 
 not adequate to his deserts, he never was fitly compensated for his 
 
6 AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHT. 
 
 time. Mr. Greenleaf was quick in thouglit, composition, action 
 and speech. His stature was more than middling for height, and 
 well proportioned ; his complexion rather light ; his manners easy, 
 and himself always frank and accessible. He died at Williams- 
 burg, March 20, 1834 " 
 
 Mr. Greenleaf's first work has this title : "A Statistical View 
 
 of the District of Maine ; more especially with reference to the 
 Value and Importance of its Interior. Addressed to the Consider- 
 ation of the Legislators of Massachusetts. By Moses G-reenleaf, 
 Esq. Salus publica mea merces. Boston : Published by Cum- 
 mings and Hilliard, at the Boston Bookstore, No. 1, Cornhill, 
 1816." It is an 8vo volume of 154 pages Chapters in this work 
 relating to its conditions for agriculture are on Climate, Soil and 
 Products, Value of Land, Sales and Grants of Land, and General 
 View of the Interior Vacant Territory. Regarding climate, Mr. 
 Greenleaf thinks its greater coldness when compared with that of 
 other countries under the same parallel of latitude, is the preva- 
 lence of its immense forests which cover the land, but he says : 
 "As the population of Maine increases, the forests are cleared, and 
 the soil becomes more fully exposed to the genial influence of the 
 sun, the climate will continue to ameliorate until it shall arrive to 
 the happy temperature of o'.her countries similarly situated. We 
 may, with a considerable degree of certainty, calculate on the time 
 when the inhabitants of Maine will enjoy all that mild temperature 
 of climate and rich variety of the bounties of nature, which are 
 now in possession of the most favored countries under the sun." 
 In his chapter on agriculture Mr. Greenleaf says that "to each 1000 
 acres in the settled part of Maine, there are, on an average, 838 
 acres of improvable land, 102 acres of waste land, 47 acres covered 
 with water and used for roads." He says, further : "There are 48 
 persons to every ten acres, or four and eight tenths to every acre, 
 annually employed in raising corn, grain and pulse ; and there are 
 86 persons to every ten acres, or three and six tenths to every acre 
 employed in tillage of all kinds." The following interesting statis- 
 tics of agricultural products are given : 
 
 Counties Busliels of -n-lieat Busliels o£ corn Ayei'. bushels of 
 
 raised annually. raised annually, wheat per acre. 
 
 York 12,350 122,307 14 
 
 Oxford 14,508 42,346 18 
 
 Cumberland . . . 16,993 93,887 15 
 
 Lincoln 20,188 82,564 18 
 
 Kennebec 29,003 73.559 19 
 
 Somerset 9,822 21,842 18 
 
INTRODUCTION. 7 
 
 At that time there were only nine counties in the District of 
 Maine, no returns being given from Hancock, Penobscot and 
 Washington counties. Interesting facts and remarks are given in 
 each of the above named chapters specially relating to agriculture, 
 and in the last Mr. Greenleaf observes : "On the whole there is 
 no vacant territory in the United States which affords so many 
 advantages of communication with different markets already estab- 
 lished and flourishing as are to be found in the unsettled part of 
 Maine ; and it may be considered as ri'jh in point of soil, and con- 
 taining as little waste lai(_\.as any part of New England of equal 
 extent. At its first settlement, its products for exportation will 
 consist principally of lumber, potash and wheat. As it proceeds 
 in improvement, flour, pork, beef, wool, flax, &c., will become its 
 staple articles." 
 
 Mr. Greenleaf 's second work is entitled : "A Survey of the State 
 of Maine, in Eeference to its Geographical Features, Statistics and 
 Pol tical Economy. Illustrated by Maps. Portland : Published 
 by Shirley and Hyde, 1829." 8vo. pp. 470. This work may be 
 regarded as a rewritten, enlarged and elaborated edition of his 
 "Statistical View." There are chapters on Climate, Natural Pro- 
 ducts and Agriculture which are especially interesting. They are 
 each more exLended, more carefully written and more abundantly 
 illustrated by references and statistics than those in his first work. 
 Of our climate he says : "The staple productions which are found 
 to succeed in the climate of Maine are Indian corn, wheat, rye, 
 barley, oats, millet, pulse of various kinds, flax, hemp, grass and 
 most of the plants of northern climates. It is not known that the 
 most, if not all, of these do not succeed as well, and in general 
 yield as great crops with the same cultivation, as in any part of 
 New England. * * * The character of the summers of Maine 
 is well adapted to all the necessary purposes of agriculture, and is 
 favorable for the cultivation of all those plants in the production 
 of which consists the true wealth and independence of a people." 
 In the chapter on agriculture Mr. Greenleaf says : "The fertility 
 of the soil in the State is, in general, equal to that of any part of 
 the northern states, in proportion to its extent. That of the northern 
 part of the State, on the Aroostook and St. John, is considered as 
 far superior, unless it may be some portions of comparatively small 
 extent." Eegarding the yield of crops Mr. Greenleaf says : "The 
 crops of Indian corn in different parts of the State, and different 
 
8 AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 seasons, have varied from 30 to 50 bushels per acre ; in some 
 instances 80 bushels ; wheat from 15 to 40 ; rye rather more ; hay 
 from 1 1-2 to 3 tons — other products in proportion." Several 
 quite elaborate tables of agricultural statistics are presented in this 
 chapter. The first gives the amount of agricultural capital and 
 products in the several towns as exhibited in the returns made by 
 order of the Legislature in the year 1820. These returns compre- 
 hend, 1. "Fixed capital," including acres of tillage, of upland, 
 fresh meadow and salt marsh mowing ; acres of pasturage, and 
 number of barns. 2. '-Active capital" — all kind's of farm stock. 
 3. "Annual products," including all crops and the number of 
 cows the pasturage will keep. As these statistics are based on 
 re turns ordered by the Legislature in the first year that Maine was a 
 State, when the authorities desired to know just what wealth the 
 State possessed in this direction, they are without doubt correct. 
 Returns are given from every town in the then ten counties of 
 Maine a summary of which will be of interest as being the first 
 agricultural census of Maine ever taken : 
 
 Tillage 78,964 acres. 
 
 Upland mowing 269,346 " 
 
 Fresh meadow 28,189 " 
 
 Salt marsh 8,859 " 
 
 Pasturage 272,717 " 
 
 Number of barns 31,019 
 
 " " horses.. 17.849 
 
 " " oxen 48,224 
 
 " " cows 95,091 
 
 " " swine 66,639 
 
 Indian corn 508,143 bushels. 
 
 Wheat 202.161 
 
 Rye 45,679 
 
 Oats 102,605 
 
 Barley 74.972 
 
 Peas and beans 34,443 
 
 Hops 17,913 pounds. 
 
 Upland hay 215,805 tons. 
 
 Fresh meadow 18,476 " 
 
 Salt marsh 6,457 " 
 
 Number of cows the pasturage will keep 101 ,803 
 
INTRODUCTION. 9 
 
 From these statistics Mr. Greenleaf constructs a table of propor- 
 tions from which he determines that there was a total of 1 5 9 acres 
 of improved land to each person engaged in agriculture ; that the 
 average yield of hay was 0.79 per acre ; that it required 2.6 acres 
 of land to pasture one cow; that there was 2.7 horses, 7.3 oxen, 
 14.5 cows and steers under three years old, and 10,2 swine to each 
 one hundred acres of improved land, and that to each one hundred 
 persons engaged in agriculture there were 32 horses, 88 oxen, 173 
 cows and steers under three years old, and 121 swine. The total 
 value of the fixed and active agricultural capital was $30,737,255. 
 Commenting upon these tables Mr. Greenleaf makes many observa- 
 tions worthy of note. "It is miserable husbandry," he says ''that 
 dot s not produce at least one ton of hay to the acre on the average." 
 Regarding agricultural exports he says : "The agriculture of the 
 western and older counties of the State, including those of Kenne- 
 bec river, produces not only a sufficiency for their own consumption, 
 but a considerable quantity for foreign exportation, and also some 
 for exportation coast-wise to other parts of the United States. In 
 1826, the exports of agricultural products from Maine to foreign 
 ports — including beef, butter, cheese, pork, bacon, lard, flour, corn, 
 candles, beans, pota'oes and live stock, amounted to $409,561. 
 An interesting feature of the agriculture of the State in 1827 was 
 the number of cattle and sheep driven to the markets at Boston, 
 Brighton, Salem and other points in New England. An account 
 was kept at Haverhill bridge in that year, of all Maine cattle and 
 sheep crossing it to western markets, and a careful estimate — in 
 the absence of an exact account — was made at Piscataqua bridge. 
 The former figures were 3766 horned cattle, and 1368 sheep; the 
 latter were 1000 horned cattle and 2000 sheep. Taking those 
 pas-ing by other avenues, crossing the river at Newingion and 
 Exeter, it was estimated that a t talof 10,000 neat cattle and 7000 
 sheep went annually from Maine to the western market. Cattle 
 were averaged at $20 per head, and sheep at $1.50, bringing the 
 value to $250,000, which added to the foreign exports made the total 
 value of agricultural exports about half a million dollars annually. 
 
 The map accompanying Mr. Greenleaf 's "Statistical View" of 
 Maine, and the atlas of maps accompanying the "Survey," were, 
 says the writer in Appleton's American Biographical Cyclopedia, 
 "the best made to that date." The atlas embraced seven maps 
 and charts, incuding a map of the State, a map showing the 
 
10 AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPIir. 
 
 original grants of land, chart sbowing vertical projectious of eleva- 
 tions from tlie sea to Canada, meteorological diagrams, etc. The 
 engraving is finely executed and the artistic work highly creditable. 
 A set of the maps is in the State Librarj', Augusta. 
 
 Mr. Greenleaf's writings rank very high as original and trust- 
 worthy sources of information regarding the physical resources of 
 the State previous to and immediately following its formation. 
 He was not an agriculturist, but he had a mind trained to a broad 
 grasp of every question affecting the material prosperity of the 
 State, and his views and observations upon our early agriculture 
 and farm methods must ever be regarded as those of a trained and 
 unbiased publicist, containing sound reflections, accurate state- 
 ments and a wise forecast of the future importance of the agricul- 
 ture of our State, which were long ago found to be correct. 
 
 The copj' of Dr. Samuel Deane's New England Farmer — the first 
 work of its kind published on this side of the Atlantic — which is 
 before me, is that of the third edition published in 1822. As Dr. 
 Deane was pastor of the First Parish church in Portland from Octo- 
 ber, 1764, to November, 1814, it is reasonable that this work must 
 have had a considerable circulation in Maine and influenced to a 
 large extent the character of our agriculture. The first edition 
 was published at Worcester, Mass., in 1790, with no name of 
 author upon the title page, but instead the words: ''By a Ft How 
 of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences." The second edition 
 was issued in 1797, and the third in 1822. It has this title : "The 
 New England Farmer ; or Georgical Dictionary. Containing a 
 Comprehensive account of the Ways and Methods in which the 
 Important Art of Husbandry, in all its various branches, is. or 
 may be, Practiced, to the Greatest Advantage in this Country. 
 By Samuel Deane, D. D., Vice President of Bowdoin College, and 
 Fellow of the American Academy of Arts of Sciences. Third 
 edition : corrected, improved, greatly enlarged and adapted to the 
 present state of the science of agriculture. Boston : Wells and 
 Lilly, Court Street, 1822, 8 vo. pp. 532." Dr. Deane was born at 
 Dedham, Mass., July 10, 1733; graduated at Harvard College in 
 1760, and died at Portland, November 12, 1814, aged 82 years. 
 In the introduction to his edition of "Smith and Deane's Journals," 
 Portland, 1849, the late Hon. William Willis, said: "In agricul- 
 ture Dr. Deane pursued his labors zealously and scientifically, and 
 was consequently more successful than any other person in this 
 
INTRODUCTION. 11 
 
 region of country. The results of his experiments and his 
 experience, he embodied in that work, which was the first of the 
 kind published on this side of the Atlantic, and was universally 
 consulted by agriculturists." 
 
 The introduction to the History of Maine, _,by William D. Wil- 
 liamson, published at Hallowell in 1832, in two volumes, was 
 devoted to the geography and natural history of the State, and had 
 sections relating to the atmosphere, climate and seasons ; natural 
 productions, vegetables, trees, shrubs, plants, roots and vines — 
 occupying pages 9-182 of the first volume. The information con- 
 tained under these headings has a direct bearing uj on the charac- 
 teristics of Maine as an agricultural State, and must have had great 
 influence in making still wider known, at the time of its publication, 
 the physical basis of our agriculture. Mr. Williamson was born at 
 Canterbury, Conn., July 31, 1779, and li; at Bangor, October 
 10, 1822. His history of the State is a splendid monument to his 
 rare scholarship and fine qualities as an accurate, impartial and 
 able historian. 
 
 In February, 1834, an act was passed by the Legislature estab- 
 lishing a '"Board of Internal Improvements," which was made up 
 of three commissioners appointed by the Governor. Their duty 
 was "to explore and examine the great water courses of the State, 
 and also different parts of the State where it may be supposed that 
 canals, roads, railroads or other important internal improvements 
 may be made for the benefit of the State." It was under authority 
 of this Board that Dr. E. Holmes made a survey of the then little 
 known "Aroostook territory" in 1838. His report of this survey 
 is entitled : "Report of an Exploration and Survey of the Territory 
 of the Aroostook River, during the spring and autumn of 1838." It 
 was printed in 1839 in a pamphlet of eighty pages, and is one of 
 the scarcest of the earlier publications relating to the agricul- 
 ture of the State. It is divided into two parts — part first embracing 
 the results of a reconnoisance of the rivers and lakes in the territory ; 
 and part second, devoted to the situation and extent of the valley 
 of the Aroostook, its climate, soil, natural growth, agricultural 
 products, roads and geological formations. It is the very first 
 account ever published on the physical characteristics of this now 
 well known section of Maine, the "garden" of the State, and is of 
 great value as coming from a man of such trained habits of obser- 
 vation as Dr. Holmes possessed, and moreover who was a thorough 
 
12 AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHT, 
 
 scientist and one having always before him the practical agricul- 
 tural features of any section visited and studied. 
 
 Regarding the agricultural products of the territory Dr. Holmes 
 says: "Wheat is and ever must be the great staple of the coun- 
 try. In 1837, on the farm of Fish and Wiggins in Township No. 
 4, on the Aroostook road, (now the town of Fatten) , was raised 1 ,250 
 bushels of wheat on fifty acres of burnt land, or 25 bushels per 
 acre. The total number of bushels of wheat raised in that town- 
 ship in 1837 was 6,000, or an average of 300 bushels to each family, 
 worth then $1.75 per bushel. Of potatoes he says: "They are 
 equal in quantity and quality to any whatever — the climate and 
 soil both seem particularly congenial to this root. Many assert 
 that they have obtained 300 bushels per acre with common manage- 
 ment. Nothing is wanting but greater facilities for getting them 
 to market to make their culture one of the most profitable branches 
 of agricultural operations that can be pursued here " Indian corn 
 is not grown on account of frost, but when the climate is "amelior- 
 ated by the absence of forests," he thinks it will be raised. Rye 
 is little cultivated. Oats are "extensively raised " Barley is little 
 raised but always produces well. "Buckwheat," Dr. Holmes says, 
 "takes the place of Indian corn in the older sections of the State." 
 He records instances of fifty bushels being raised from one bushel 
 sowing and in one case twenty-five bushels from a peck and a half 
 of seed. "It shells out badly in harvesting, and the people put rugs 
 and cloths on the bottom and sides of the carts when harvesting 
 it to save that which scatters out." Beans and all garden vegeta- 
 bles do well. "Flax," says Dr. Holmes, "does better than further 
 south, and most of the settlers have a small patch for the purpose 
 of affording them thread." Of fruits he says : "Apple trees grow 
 well at Houlton, but people must wait till the forests are cut away 
 before they can be well grown and the fruit matured." The 
 grasses he says are "the best in New England, and all the culti- 
 vated grasses flourish in great perfection. The average yield is 
 one and one-fourth tons per acre worth $12 per ton on an average 
 for loose hay, and $14 for screwed hay." The objections to the 
 territory Dr. Holmes states to be : "lack of mills; early frosts; 
 want of schools and religious privileges ; want of roads." 
 
 Dr. Holmes recommended that a "State Experimental Farm" be 
 established in the territory because an abundance of the best land 
 could be had for such a purpose, and at a low price. "While such 
 
INIRODCCTION. 13 
 
 farms are almost unknown here, they are common in European 
 countries." He states the object of such a farm to be : "To 
 introduce the various breeds of cattle, sheep, hogs and other stock ; 
 to cultivate the various crops which it is desired to acclimate, and 
 the properties of which it is wished to test in this latitude ; to 
 introduce the various fruits which would probably grow, and thus 
 form a source whence the settler could look for a supply to com- 
 mence his operations or to renovate his stock and crops when 
 degenerated or exhausted. Another advantage of this location 
 would be : it is the most northern section of our State, and we might 
 be pretty well assured that whatever came to maturity here, would 
 also mature in any other part of New England." 
 
 In concluding his report Dr. Holmes uses these effective and 
 forcible words : "Are you a young man just starting in life, but 
 with no capital sa%'e a strong arm, good courage and a narrow axe ? 
 Gro to the Aroostook ; attend assiduously and carefully to your 
 business ; select a lot suitable for your purpose and with the com- 
 mon blessings of Providence you will, in a few years, find yourself 
 an Independent free-holder, with a farm of your own subduing and 
 with a capital of your own creating." Well may Dr. Holmes be 
 called the "father of Aroostook," for it was this report which gave 
 to the people of the State their first real knowledge of the fertility 
 of its soil, the marvelous production of crops of which it was cap- 
 able, and the comparatively small c )St at which they could there 
 obtain a farm and home and become "independent freeholders." 
 Fifty-four years ago Dr. Holmes saw clearly the great natural 
 wealth and abundant agricultural possibilities of the Aroostook 
 territory, which are even yet in their infancy :^f development and 
 just ready to receive the impetus of a new life through the opening 
 of the Aroostook Railroad, a half century after Dr. Holmes wrote 
 that "greater facilities for getting their agricultural products to 
 market" was the greatest obstacle to the development of the 
 country. 
 
 In connection with the work of diffusing agricultuial literature 
 carried on by the agricultural societies of Maine, it is noticeable 
 that the first agricultural and industrial college in North America 
 was established in this State, the personal honor of which is due 
 to the first Robert Hallowell Gardiner of Gardiner. In a petition 
 to the Legislature the year after Maine became a state, viz. : 1821, 
 asking for a grant of one thousand dollars for a'd in establishing 
 
14 AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 an institution "to give mechanics and farmers such a scientific 
 education as would enable them to become skilled in their profes- 
 sions," this distinguished and far-seeing philanthropist said: "It 
 is an object of very great importance to any state, but especially 
 one possessing fine views and a fertile soil, numerous mill seats 
 and a coast indented with many and capacious harbors — to a state 
 rapidly increasing in commerce, agriculture and manufactures, that 
 its artisans should possess an education adapted to make them 
 skilful and able to improve the advantages which nature has so 
 lavishly bestowed upon them. The State of Maine is in possession 
 of these numerous privileges yet while she has liberally fostered 
 her colUges for educating young men for the learned professions, 
 and possesses numerous academies for preparing youth to enter 
 these colleges, and for making useful schoolmasters, she has 
 hitherto omitted to make provisions for giving instruction to her 
 seamen, her mechanics and her farmers upon whom the wealth and 
 prosperity of the State mainly depends. The recent improvements 
 in chemistry which give the knowledge of the nature of fertile and 
 barren soils and the best mode of improving tliem, render the 
 importance of a scientific education to her farmers much greater 
 than at any other period." This, copied from the petition written 
 by Mr. Gardiner, shows the idea which he had of the class of 
 college or school so much needed in his time for giving a "liberal" 
 education to farmers. It foreshadows exactly the colleges of agri- 
 culture and the mechanic arts now existing in all the states, under 
 the endowment of the Morrill Land Grant bill of 1862 ; and Mr. 
 Gardiner in pleading with the state to establish such a school, was 
 actually a whole generation in advance of his time, as it was not till 
 more than forty years later that these colleges were established under 
 the patronage of the general government. 
 
 Mr. Gardiner succeeded in obtaining a yearly g ant of 81,000 
 from the state, and the "Gardiner Lyceum" was incorporated in 
 1821. A stone building for its use was erected in 1822. and on 
 January 1, 1823, the Lyceum was formally opened to pupils. Rev. 
 Benjamin Hale, born in Newbury, Mass., November 23, 1797, and 
 once a tutor in Bowdoin College, being president of the Lyceum 
 from 1823 to 1827. After leaving Gardiner, Mr. Hale^ was pro- 
 fessor of chemistry in Dartmouth College from 1827 to 1835, and 
 from 1836 to 1858 president of Geneva College, New York. He 
 died July 15, 1863. The course of study at the Lyceum was 
 
INTRODUCTION. 15 
 
 arranged fortwo years, and there were twenty students the first year. 
 The courses may be generally described as a chemical, and a 
 mechanical one. The former comprised lectures on the principles 
 of chemical science, on agricultural chemistry, on dying, bleaching, 
 pottery, porcelain, cements and tanning. The latter course 
 embraced lectures on mechanical principles, dynamics, hydro- 
 statics, hydraulics and carpentry. Later a course in minerology 
 was included In 1824 Dr. Ezekiel Holmes was engaged as -'per- 
 manent professor in agriculture," and in connection with this pro- 
 fessorship the trustees undertook the management of a practical 
 farm in connection with the Lyceum, where experiments in agricul- 
 ture were tried, where the students were allowed to work to dimin- 
 ish the expense of board, and '-to give the future agriculturalist the 
 knowledge of those principles of science upon which his future suc- 
 cess depends, and an opportunity to see them reduced to practice." 
 In order to accommodate those students whose business during the 
 summer months made it impossible for th^m to join the regular 
 classes, winter classes were established in surveying, navigation, 
 chemistry, carpentrj' and civil architecture. These "winter classes" 
 corresponded to the "short courses" in special branches now given 
 at many of our agricultural colleges. 
 
 This outline shows the general scope and character of the insti- 
 tution. After Mr Hale's resignation of the office of president the 
 Lyceum was severally in charge of Edmund L Gushing, Dr. 
 Ezekiel Holmes, Mr. Whitman and Jason Winnett, as pr sidents 
 or principles. Its classes were well kept up for many years, at one 
 time the scholars numbering fifty-three. The Lyceum had a good 
 library and creditable collections, and the students were encouraged 
 to make collections of specimens illustrating the geology and flora 
 of the section, which were deposited in the museum. Finally the 
 state withdrew its yearly appropriations, and for two or three years 
 subseqiii-ntly it was maintained almost entirely at the expense of 
 Mr. Gardiner himself. The propeity of the Ljceum, after having 
 remained unused in the hands of the trustees for several years, was 
 sold to the city of Gardiner in 1857, and the building occupied as 
 a high school. The proceeds were divided pro rata among the 
 original stockholders, and the first agricultural and industrial college 
 in the United States ceased to exist. 
 
 But few (if the publications of the Lyceum have been preserved. 
 Among those to which the writer has had access are : the "Inaugural 
 2 
 
16 AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 Address, delivered at Gardiner, Me., Jan. 1, 1823, by Benjamin 
 Hale, principal of the Gardiner Lyceum and Lecturer on Natural 
 Philosophy,'" a pamphlet of 16 pages printed by S. K Gilman, 
 Hallowell ; and a pamphlet of 24 pages, the title page of which is 
 wanting, but containing the "Laws of Gardiner Lyc-um, and Reg- 
 ulations for the Government of the Lyceum." In his inaugural 
 address Mr. Hale gave the key-note in the design of the institution 
 ia these words: "It will not be said that the founders of this 
 institution have assisted in unnecessarily multiplying seminaries of 
 education for it is new in character, and it is designed to supply the 
 wants of a large portion of the community, for which no provision 
 had hitherto been made. Nor will it be said that these wants are 
 not real. The education of the advocate or divine is scarcely more 
 necessary to his success than that of the mechanic or the farmer. 
 If the professions of the former are themselves branches of science, 
 those of the latter are founded in science. And as we expect 
 empiricism from those who enter the learned professions without a 
 suitable preparatory education, so we can expect nothing but defi- 
 ciency of skill in mechanics who have been taught only the manual 
 exercise of their arts. There surely ran be no reason why mechan- 
 ics and agriculturists should not be instructed in that science which 
 will enable them to follow their pursuits, not blindly, but from 
 rational views. Those who have not this education, may indeed 
 copy faithfully the practices of their fathers, but we cannot expect 
 from them improvements which shall enrich their country and ben- 
 efit the world." The government of the Lyceum was vested in the 
 students. 
 
 As progiess was made in our agricultural operations and the semi- 
 occasional or yearly publications of the "papers" and "memoirs" 
 of the agricultural societies became inadpqnate lo the intellectual 
 needs of farmers, agricultural journals took the place of these official 
 publications. Ttius the New England Farmer grew out of the 
 "Papers on Agriculture" published by the Massachusetts Society 
 for Promoting Agriculture ; and it was at the annual dinner of the 
 Kennebec Agricultural Society in 183], tbat Samuel Wood, Esq., 
 read a proposition from Dr. Holmes in regard to the establishnaent 
 of the Kennebec Farmer, "which proposition was received with 
 much enthusiasm." Previous to this, however, "Tne New England 
 Farmers' and Mechanics' Journal" had been published for one year, 
 1828, at Gardiner, "conducted by E. Holmes, M. D., Professor of 
 
INTRODUCTION. 17 
 
 Chemistry, Natural History and Agriculture inGardiner Lyceum." It 
 was a monthly journal published by Parker Sheldon, each number 
 containing a lithographed plate, the magazine being very creditable 
 in typographical appearance and containing nseful articles relating 
 to agriculture and mechanics. The first number of the "Kenne- 
 bec Farmer and Journal of the Useful Arts," was issued January 
 21, 1833, but the title was changed to "Maine Farmer" with the 
 number for March 18, of that year. In making this change, the 
 editor, Dr. Holmes, said : "This is our first and last change," — 
 and the paper is still published under this title although in the 
 course of its history many changes in proprietorship and editors 
 have been made. "The Yankee Farmer" was established at Cor- 
 nish in 1835, by S. W. Cole, was removed to Portland at the close 
 of its first year, and subsequently removed to Boston where it was 
 merged in the New England Farmer. "Drew's Rural Intelligencer'' 
 was first published at Augusta, January 6, 1855, was removed to 
 Gardiner in 1857 and discontinued in 1859. The publisher and 
 editor, Rev. William A. Drew, was born in Kingston, Mass., 
 December 11, 1798, and died in Augusta, December 2, 1879. He 
 was a true lover of nature, had great fondness for all agricultural 
 and horticultural pursuits, and his writings upon these sub- 
 jects were not only picturesque and interesting but thoroughly 
 practical. The "Dirigo Rural" a weeklj' agricutlural journal 
 was first issued at Bangor, July 4, 1874, and was published till 
 August 6, 1887, when it was discontinued. Its proprietor and 
 editor throughout the entire course of its publication was Daniel M. 
 Hall, who was born in Hermon, September 17, 1836. Mr. Hall 
 was Secretary of the Maine State Grange from 1881 to 1885, 
 inclusive. He now holds an important position in connection with 
 the Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C. "The Home 
 Farm" was published at Augusta from 1880 to 1887, when it was 
 removed to Waterville and its name changed to "The Eastern 
 Farmer." It was discontinued in April 1888. Its editor during this 
 entire period was Samuel L. Boardman. These comprise the lead- 
 ing agricultural journals that have been published in Maine, although 
 a few others devoted to general farming, stock breeding and bee- 
 keeping have from time to time appeared in difl!erent places and 
 been published for short intervals. Although somewhat ephemeral 
 in their nature, the influence of agricultural papers for the wide 
 difl[u8ion of agricultural knowledge has been immense, and this 
 
18 AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 brief recognition of their service and value, at least, ought to find 
 a place in any survey of the agricultural literature of the State. 
 Aside from the above named distinctively agricultural journals, 
 many of the stale and local papers maintain departments of farm- 
 ing and grange intelligence and information, demanded by their 
 readers, which furnish a great aid to intelligent agriculture. 
 
 The Board of State Assessors, established by act of the Legis- 
 lature in 1891 publishes an annual report which contains many 
 statistics of interest relating to the movable capital of our farms. 
 In the report for 1892 the following statistics and values of live 
 stock are given . number of horses in the state, 117,332; number 
 of three year old colts, 9,600 ; number of two year old colts, 8,645 ; 
 number of one year old colts, 9,125 ; number of oxen, 26.609 ; 
 number of three year old steers, 26,304 ; number of two year old 
 steers. 40,867 ; number of yearling steers, 44,821 ; number of cows, 
 138,994; number of sheep, 370,602; number of swine, 33. 44fi ; 
 total values aa returned, $15,747,468. 
 
 This survey of the agricultural literature of iVIaine, embraces a 
 glance at all that has been published, either privately or officially, 
 with the exception of the various reporis and transactions of our 
 Board of Agriculture, State Pomologicat Society, State College and 
 Experiment Station, which are fully described and indexed in the 
 following pages. 
 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 Abbott, Lyman F. Bom in Wilton, October 12, 1830. Agri- 
 cultural editor of Lewiston Journal since 1882. A leading writer 
 for many agricultural journals. Address: Lewiston. 
 
 1. Small Fruits and their Culture. Transactions Jliiine State Pomolog- 
 
 ical Society, 1S7.5, page 83-9.3. 
 
 2. Culture of the Gooaeberrj' for jSfarlcet. Transactions JMaiue State 
 
 Pomological Society, 1876, page 123-127. 
 
 3. The Future of Orcharding inilaiue. Trausactionsilaine State Pom- 
 
 ological Society, 1885, page 118-124. 
 
 4. Fruit Growing in Maine compared with other Agricultural Industries. 
 
 Transactions ]Maine State Pomological Societj-, 1891, page 95-104. 
 
 Abbott, Theophiltjs Capen. Born in Vassalboro in 1826, and 
 graduated from Waterville College, now Colby University, in the 
 class of 1845. Immediately upon leaving college, Mr. Abbott 
 engaged in teaching for many years, going first to Vermont where 
 he taught two years at Townshend. He then returned to Maine 
 and was principal of the school in Augusta in 1847. In 1848 he 
 was principal of the school in Thomaston ; at Bath in 1849 ; Port- 
 land in 1849-50, and Houlton in 1851. During 1852 and 1853 he 
 was an instructor at Waterville College. In 1854 he went to Mich- 
 igan, and for one year taught an academy at Berrien, in that state, 
 and in 1856 and 1857 was an assistant professor at Ann Arbor 
 In 1857 he was ordained to the ministry of the Congregational 
 church but did not preach as he liked teaching better. The Blich- 
 igan Agricultural College was established in 1855, in accordance 
 with a provision in the State constitution which said that "The 
 Legislature shall, as soon as practicable, provide for the establish- 
 mfent of an agricultural School" — this being the first agricultural 
 school or college, established by constitutional provision in any 
 state in the United States. In this college, which was opened to 
 students in May, 1857, Dr. Abbott was appointed to the chair of 
 English Literature, and held the position from 1858 to 1862 ; and 
 on December 4, 1862, he was chosen president continuing in this 
 
20 AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 office till July 1, 1885, Ms voluntary resignation having been placed 
 before the trustees November 24, 1884. On retiring from the 
 presidency of the college, after a service of twenty-two years, the 
 trustees induced him to accept the chair of Mental Philosophy and 
 Logic, which position he held till his death. In 1862 and 1863 he 
 was acting secretary of the State Board of Agriculture of Mich- 
 igan. In 1871 the University of Michigan conferred upon Dr. 
 Abbott the degree of LL D. Upon his resignntion of the presi- 
 dency of the Agricultural College the trustees in a vote of thanks 
 said: '-Dr. Abbott's labors have been largely instrumental in 
 bringing this college to its present high position among institutions 
 of its kind in this country." He died at Lansing, Michigan, 
 Novtmber, 1892. [Portrait: Report Michigan Board of Agricul- 
 ture, 1884, p. 255. J 
 
 1. Agricultural Education and Agricultural Colleges. Report Maine 
 
 Board of Agriculture, 1869, page 383-392. 
 
 2. Agricultural Education. Address before the Michigan Legislature, 
 
 March 4, 1875. Lansing, Mich., 1S75, 8 vo., pp. 24. [Also Eeport 
 Michigan Boad of Agriculture, 1874, page 64-83.] 
 
 3. Student Labor at Agricultural Colleges. Report Michigan Board of 
 
 Agriculture, 1874, page 98-10.5. 
 
 4. Prejudice xVgainst Agricultural Schools. Report ^Michigan Board of 
 
 Agriculture, 1875, page 212-222. 
 
 5. Manual Labor at Michigan Agrieultural College. Report Michigan 
 
 Board of Agriculture, 1879, page 182-188. 
 
 6. Social Rank of Farmers. Michigan Board of Agriculture, 1880, page 
 
 258-265. 
 
 7. Earlj' History of Michigan State Agricultural College. Report 
 
 Michigan Board of Agriculture, 1881, page 358-379. 
 
 8. Michigan Agricultural College and State Board of Agriculture. 
 
 Report Michigan Board of Agriculture, 1884, page 255-260. 
 
 9. Reports as President of the Michigan Agricultural College. 1862-1885. 
 
 "A modest, roilcl-manneretl, noble man, cultured and broad in miud, genial in 
 social intercourse, beloved by all. In all the time of Dr. Abbott.'s presidency of 
 the Mieblgan college, he enjoyed the most abundant confidence of the legislators 
 and people of that state. Karnest, straightforward, sincere and conscientious In 
 the discharge of his duties, he never appealed to the Legislature In behalf of Its 
 agricultural college, in vain. Indeed it was said of him at this time that the suc- 
 cessive Legislatures of that state had so high an opinion of his character and such 
 unbounded confidence in his plans and his ability to carry them out, that they 
 would give him any amount of money he asked for any purpose whatsoever ; and 
 that is why the agricultural college of Michigan is so noble an institution today; 
 why Dr. Abbott will always live in it, and why the people of Maine and of the 
 country should never forget him. His memoi"y and fame are secure in the splen- 
 did institution of which he was the real father."— Kennebec Journal, November, 
 16, 1893. 
 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 21 
 
 "Dr. Abbott's death has reminded every alumnus of the Michigan Agricultural 
 College, of the kind, fatherly man wlioiu every student loved and i-espected; the 
 man vfho was ever thoughtfully attentive to every interest of the college, and 
 Tvho aU\ays found tiuie to exercise a personal care for each and every student. 
 He came to the college as a professor at an early day, and while still a young man 
 "was appointed president. In this capacity he skilfully conducted the institution 
 through its darkest days and finally saw it firmly established in a successful aud 
 popular career. A man of studious habits and not very robust physique, he was, 
 nevertheless, an indefatigable worker. When, some years ago, lie became unable 
 to continue the duties of president, from the results of a serious injury, he "was 
 continued as professor of mental philosophy and logic, and when his injuries ren- 
 dered him unable to perforiu further active duty at the college, he was honorably 
 retired with the title of Emeritus Professor. He well deserved the name given 
 Mm by the graduates— 'The Father of the College.'"— Xew York Tribune, March 
 6, 1893. 
 
 Agricdlture of Maine. A complete set of the volumes under this 
 general title comprises thirty-nine volumes, from 1850, to and includ- 
 ing 1891. The volume for 1850-'52, is entitled "Transactions of the 
 Agricultural Societies in the State of Maine," and contains 862 pages. 
 This volume was "arranged from official returns" by E. Holmes, Secre- 
 tary of the Board of Agriculture. It comprises many able addresses, 
 historic;il notes, essays on agricultural subjects and fruit lists for 
 different parts of the State. The volume for 1853 contains 421 
 pages, "arranged froin official returns'' by E. Holmes, Secretary 
 of ihe Board of Agriculture. It embrac>s addresses, description 
 of frui s, statements of exhibitors in various classes at fairs and 
 historical notes which make it a valuable work. The volume for 
 1854 contains 310 pages, and was printed in 1854. It was 
 "arranged from official returns" by E. Holmes, Secretary of the 
 Board of Agiiculture. On the establishment of the Board of Agri- 
 culture in 1852 the duty of collecting and publishing the transac- 
 tions of the several couoty agricultural societies devolved upon the 
 secretary of the board. The Legislature made no provision for 
 compiling the transactions for the year 1855. In 1855 it incorpo- 
 rated the Maine State Agricultural Society, which act of incorpora- 
 tion authorized the secretarj' lo prepare and publih the doings of 
 the several societies. Before all the returns from these county 
 societies had beea sent in a change was made in the law by which 
 the duty of preparing these repor s for the press devolved upon the 
 secretary of the Board, Stephen L. Goodale, who commenced his 
 services with the year 1856. The volume for 1855 is entitled: 
 "Agriculture of Maine ; Eepo.t of the Secretary of the Maine State 
 Agricultural Society and Transactions of the several county Agri- 
 cultural Societies." It was not printed til 1859, and comprises 
 
22 AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 240 pages. It embraces important historical data relative to the 
 different breeds of horsas, cattle and sheep that have been intro- 
 duced into Maine, with the dates imported and by whom brought, 
 from the pen of Dr. E. Holmes. The v«:>hime for I;<56 is the '-First 
 Annual Report of the second Secretary of the Board of Agriculture, 
 together with an abstract from the returns of the Agricultural 
 Societ es in the State. Tins is the first volume compiled by 
 Stephen L. Goodile as secretary, who ediied seventeen volumes, 
 viz: 1856-72. The plan of publishing the yearly volume in two 
 parts ; part first the report of the secretary ; part second, abstract 
 of returns from the county agricultural societies witb miscellaneous 
 papers, was continued throughout Mr. Goodale's t^rm of ofl3ce. 
 The volumes edited by Mr. Goodale are all lettered, "Second 
 Srries," with the exception of the first report. 1856, which was not 
 bound in cloth. Two editions of this report weie published, the 
 only instance in which a second edition of this work was issued. 
 The volumes for the years 1x61 and 1862 contain the reports on 
 the scientific survey of tie State, hence the agricultural portion of 
 these volumes is limited. For 1861 it embraces 212 pages: for 
 1863, 223 pages. The six volumes for 1S73-4 to 1878-9 were 
 edited by Samuel L. Boardnan, third secretary of th' Board, the 
 words "Second Seiies" having been omiltcd from the lettering of 
 the volumes Upon the resignation of Mr Boardmaa in 1879, Mr. 
 Goodale was re-appo nted secretary and held the office for about 
 six months. The volumes of the "Agriculture of Maine" from 
 and including 1880 to 1890, were edited by Z. A. Gilbert, the fifih 
 secretary. The publishing of the "Abstract." or second part of 
 the aunual volume, was discontinued with the year 1879. In the 
 rep )rt for 1882 appeared the report of the State Board of Cattle 
 Commissioners, Inspector of Fer.ilizers, Report of Experimci.ts at 
 the State College and Trjnsactions of the State Pomological 
 Society ; and these reports together with those of the Fertilizer 
 Control Station, and the Asricultural Experiment Station of the 
 State College have since been published in the annual agricultural 
 volume. Since 1891 the volumes have been edited by B. Walker 
 McKeen, Secretary of the Board of Agriculture; that for 1891 
 embracing also a compilation of the laws of Maine relating to 
 agriculture. 
 
 Allen, Charles F. Born in Norridgewock, January 28, 1816. 
 Graduated at Bowdoin College, class of 1839. President of the 
 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 23 
 
 Maine State College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts. 1871- 
 '79 ; member Maine Board of Agriculture, 1871-'79. Received the 
 degree of D. D., from Bowdoia College, and also from Wesleyan 
 University, Middletown, Conn., 1872. An eminent clergyman of 
 the Methodist church ; an eloquent speaker ; a profound scholar. 
 Address : Kennebunli. 
 
 1. The Aims and Methods of the Maine State College of Agriculture 
 and the Mechanic Arta. Keport ilaine Board of Agriculture, 1872, 
 page lS-;!7. 
 
 "2. Science in Agriculture. Keport Maine Board of Agriculture, 1371-!, 
 page 375-384. 
 
 3. Agricultural Education. Keport Maine Board of Agriculture, ls75, 
 
 page 94-105. 
 
 4. The Education of Farmers and jMechanics. Keport jMaine Board of 
 
 Agricultm-e, 1877, page "221-235. 
 
 5. Best Jlethods of Ketuiuiug the Fertility of the Virgin Soil. Keport 
 
 Maiue Board of Agriculture, 1878, page 113-128. 
 
 6. Reports as President of the ?il;iiue State College of Agriculture and the 
 
 Mechanic Arts, 1871—79. 
 
 Atkins, Charles Gkandison. Born in Augusta, January 19, 
 1841. Graduati-d at Bowdoin College, 1861. United Stalts Fish 
 Commissioner, Buclcsport. 
 
 1. The Menhaden and Herring Fisheries of Maine as Sources of Fertiliza- 
 
 tion. Augusta, 1875, 8vo. pp. 67. [With one plate.] 
 Quoted as an authority i)y the United States Commissioner of Fish and 
 Fisheries, in Report for 1877, as "containing very valuable contributions 
 to the knowledge of the menhaden." 
 
 2. Studies on the Codling Muth. Transactions Maine State Pomological 
 
 Society, 1883, p'lge 54-61. 
 
 3. The Kound-Headed Apple-Tree Borer. Transactions Maine State 
 
 Pomological Society, 1884, page 6.3-67. 
 
 4. The Mulching of Orchards. Transactions jMaine State Pomological 
 
 Society, 1885, page 91-95. 
 
 Balentine, Walter. B trn in Waterville. Graduated at the 
 Maine State College in 1874, Was a post graduate student at 
 Weslej an University, Middletown, Conn , and an assistant in chemis- 
 try in tbe Connecticut Agricultural Efperiment Station, Middleiown, 
 Conn., for two years. Was employed four meuths in teaching 
 chemistry at Lawrence University, Lawrence, Kansas. Studied one 
 year at the University of Greifswald, Germany, and one year at the 
 University of Halla, Germany, in which place was also employed 
 as asi<istaat in the Agricultural Experiment Station. In the summi r 
 
24 AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHT. 
 
 and fall of 1880 chemist in the Department of Agriculture, Wash- 
 ington, D. (J. In 1881 was elected ta the chair of Agriculture in the 
 Maine State College. Acting Direc'or Maine Experiment Station, 
 April-Julj', 1885. From 1881 to 1892, member o( the Maine Board 
 of Agriculture, Has contributed largely to the agricultural and 
 scientific press of th s country and Germany. Address : Orono. 
 
 1. Improving the Fertility of the Soil. Report Malue Board of Agricul- 
 
 ture, 1881, page 193-199. 
 
 2. Experimental \rork in Agriculture. Report JIaine Board of Agricul- 
 
 ture, 1892, page 114-129. 
 
 3. Soil Exhaustion. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1883, page 
 
 47-63. 
 
 4. Milli and its Secretion. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1884. 
 
 48-64. [With two plates.] 
 
 5. Farm Accounts. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1885, page 
 
 239-233. 
 
 6. Chemistry of the Potato. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1886, 
 
 page 133-144. 
 
 7. Experiments with Potatoes, Oats, Barley and Peas. Report Maine 
 
 Experiment Station, 1888, page 12.3-1.34; 1889, page 14.5-147; 1890, 
 page 102-103. 
 
 8. Experiments with Fertilizers. Report Elaine EKporiment Station, 
 
 ISSJi, page 135-144; 1890, page 79-101; 1891, page 123-153. 
 
 9. On the Comparative Agricultural Value of Soluble, Reverted or Citrate 
 
 Soluble, and Insoluble Pliosphoric Acid. Report Maine Board of 
 Agriculture, 1890, page 90-95. 
 
 10. The Dairy School at the State College. Report Maine Board of 
 
 Agriculture, 1890, page 156-158. 
 
 Barker, Noah. 
 
 1. Report of the Commissioner on the Variations of the Magnetic Xeedle. 
 Augusta, 1868, 8 vo., pp. 83. 
 
 Bartlett, James M. Bjrn in Litchfield, September 25, 1854. 
 Graduated at Maine State College with degree of B S., 1880 
 Chemist to Fertilizer Control Station at Pennsylvania State College, 
 1882-"84 ; Chemist to the Miine Experiment Station, 1885-92. 
 Received the degree of M. S., from Maine State College in 1883. 
 Address: Orono. 
 
 1. The Artificial Digestion and Estimation of Protein Compounds by 
 
 Stutzer's Methods. Report Maine State College, 1883, page 23-28. 
 
 2. On Fertilizers, Milk, and Sugar and Starch in Coarse Fodders. 
 
 Report Maine Experiment Station, 1888, page 204-209. 
 
 3. Composition and Value of Various Commercial Feeding Stuffs. 
 
 Report Maine Experiment Station, 1889, page 57-60. 
 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 25 
 
 4. Loss of Food and Manurial Value in Selling Sweet Corn. Keport 
 
 Maine Experiment Station, 1889, page 286-287. 
 
 5. The Babcock Milk Test adapted to Testing Cream. Keport Maine 
 
 Experiment Station, 1891, page 71-80. 
 
 [Also published as Bulletin No. 3, Second Series, Maine Experiment 
 Station, September, 1891, 8vo. pp. 8.] 
 
 The greater part of the analytical work of Mr. Bartlett at tlic Station 
 has been published in the several annual reports of the Director. 
 
 Barnes, Phinehas. Born in Oiland, January 26, 1811. Fitted 
 for college at Phillips Academy, Andover, Mass., having as a seat 
 mate Oliver Wendell Holmes. Graduated at Bowdoin College, at 
 the age of 18, at the head of his class in 1829. In early life he 
 was engaged in teaching and editoriai work, having been editor of 
 a paper in Bangor in 1833; and from 1836 to 1839, professor of 
 Latin and Greek In Waterviile College In 1841 he assumed edi- 
 torial charge of the Portland Advertiser, remaining in that position 
 for many years. During this time he became greatly interested in 
 railroads and had much to do in devising and constructing the early 
 railway system of the State. After this be entered the profession 
 of the law to which his whole luture life was devoted. He always 
 had a great love for botanical studies and for the practical working 
 of the land, and made a close study of agricultural science and 
 practice for the pure love which he had for it. He always had a 
 fine garden the care of which was a constant delight. At a meet- 
 ing of the trustees of the State College of Agriculture and the 
 Mechanic Arts held January 22, 1867, he was elected first president 
 of that Institution. He died in Portland, August 25, 1871. 
 
 1. The Colleges for the Industrial Classes, contemplated bj' the Act of 
 
 Congress of 1862. Augusta, 1866. page 39. 
 One of the clearest and best presentations of the correct idea of an 
 agricultural college, ever written at that date. 
 
 2. On Drainage and Flowage. Eeport Maine Board of Agriculture, 1858, 
 
 page 208-220. 
 
 3. On Plowing and Manuring in Autumn. Report Maine Board of 
 
 Agriculture, 1866, page 99-119. 
 
 Batchelder, T. p. Secretary West Penobscot Agricultural 
 Society. Has published since 1867 an annual report of this society, 
 with list of premiums and members, occasional addresses, and 
 interesting notes and reports on premium crops. Address : Ken- 
 duskeag. 
 
 Bailey, George Henry. Born in Portland, December 25, 1832. 
 Served as Lieutenant Co. D., First Maine Regiment throughout full 
 
20 AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 term of enlistment, mustered in May 8, 1861. Graduated at the 
 American Veterinary College, New York, 1S79. State Veterinary 
 Surgeon 1884:-'92. Represented the State. at the National Conven- 
 tion of Cattle Commissioners at Springfii'ld, III., in 1883. Address: 
 Westbrook Junction, Deering. 
 
 1. Report of the Commissioners on the Contagious Diseases of Animals 
 
 for 1887, Augusta, 1888, pp. 16. 
 
 2. Second Eeport, 1889, pp. 27. 
 
 3. Tiiird Eeport, 1890, pp. 55. 
 
 4. Fourtli Eeport, 1891, pp. 98. 
 
 5. Filth Report, 1892, pp. 95. 
 
 6. Sixth Eeport, 1893, pp. 36. 
 
 Bayley, W. S., Ph. D., and King, F. P. 
 
 1. Catalogue of the !Maine Geological Collection, witli a Brief Outline 
 History of tlie Two. Surveys of the State. Waterville, 1899, 8 vo. 
 pp. 32." 
 A Catalogue of the collections made by the two State Geological Sur- 
 veys of Maine, now in tlie custody of Colby University, AVaterville. 
 
 Blake, Joskph Barn in Otisfield, Jan. 21, 1814. He graduated 
 at Bowdoin College in the class of 1835, and from the Bangor 
 Theological^Seminary in 1840. la 1872 he received the degree of 
 D. D. from Bowdoin College. He contributed to various periodicals 
 during his life and published a few sermons. He was ordained pas- 
 tor of the Congregational church in the town of Cumberland in 1841, 
 and remainid (here eighteen years. A year or more after graduating 
 from college, November. 1836, he went to Natchez, Miss., remain- 
 ing as a teacher till May, 1838. His botanical studies began at 
 that time and were continued to the very close of his life ; he being 
 a most enthusiastic collector of plants. During the eighteen years 
 of his preaching at Cumberland, he made several trips through 
 the State, for the purpose of obtaining plants. ItiJune and July, 
 1856 he went to Mt. Ktaadn where he collected some alpine 
 plants, mosses and lichens. Perhaps the larger part of his Maine 
 plants were obtained in Harrison and Wells, where he passed his 
 summers for a number of years. He made one or more journeys to • 
 the verj' northern part of the State collecting some plants along the 
 St. John river. In Maj', 1860 he moved to Gilmanton, N. H., 
 and was installed pastor of the Congregational church at that place. 
 During the eighteen years of his pastorate in New Hampshire he 
 collected in the vicinity of his home and in the White Moun- 
 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 27 
 
 tains, keeping up his collecting in Maine during the summers. 
 In December, 1878, he moved to Andover, Mass., where he remained 
 for a period of ten years. He preached there occasionalh', and still 
 continued his botanizing. During all these years he exchanged 
 plants with neaily all the prominent botanists in the United States, 
 including Dr. Asa Gray, William Booth, M. S. Bebb, Spencer F. 
 Baird, A. P. Cliute, W. M Canby, J. W. Chiekering, M. A. Cur- 
 tis, Geo. L. Goodale, E. Hall, Thos. C Porter, Chas. J. Sprague, 
 H. P. Sortwell, F. Scammon, John Torrey, Geo. Vasej', A. E. 
 Verrill, J. M. Holtzroger, C. S. Sheldon, I. Macouo, L. M. Under- 
 wood, M. E. Jones, C. G. Pringle, H. N. Patterson, L. C. Cleve- 
 land, S. B. Mead, C. H. Peek, Dr. Dewey, J. A. Paine, J. C. Mar- 
 tindale, A. P. Garba, Judge Clinton, C. F. Parker, J. Fowler, 
 A. H. Curtis and E Diirand. His correspondence is pre- 
 served in the herbarium of the State College, Orono. Mr. 
 Blake was a member of the Portland Society of Natural His- 
 tory, thG Buffalo Society ot Natural History and the American 
 Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia. A valuable herba- 
 rium collected by Mr. Blake enriches the collections of Bowdoin 
 College. The '-Blake Herbarium" in the State College of Agricul- 
 ture and the Mechanic Arts, Orono, contains between three and 
 four thousand species of Phenogams collected in tlie United States, 
 and four or five thousand duplicates. About two thousand species 
 of foreign plants, with numerous duplicates, from Switzerland, Ger- 
 many, England, Hungary aud South Africa. A considerable part 
 of the mosses, lichens, fungi and otiier cryptogams of North 
 America, amounting with duplicates to several thousand. He died 
 at Andover, Mass., May 26, 1888 
 
 1. The Portland Catalogue of Maine Plants. Adapted for Marking 
 Desiderata in exchange of Specimens. Portland, 1868, 8vo., pp. 12. 
 
 Mr. TJlake "was led to the study of botany by his great love of Nature ami the 
 refreshment he found in out of door life. To study the works of the Creator he 
 held to be the noble and eternal joy of man. He took great pleasure in interesting 
 others in the Natural Sciences and especially in Ms Later years "vras able to give 
 mxKih assistance to younger^botanists. Tlie purity, sincerity, and modesty of his 
 eliaracter impressed all "vvho knew him. He was delicately honorable in all the 
 conduct of life, accurate in speech, careful iu judgment, loyal in friendship, of 
 strong and tender feelings, with refined and scholarly tastes, and, above all, a pro- 
 found sense of the oeauty of Holiness as manifested in the character of God. 
 
 BoARDMAN, Samuel Lane. Born in Bloomfield, (now Skowhe- 
 gan), Mirch 30, 1836. Assistant editor Countrj' Gentleman, 
 Albany, N. Y., 1859 ; editor Maine Farmer, Augusta, 1861 to 18 78; 
 
28 AGRICULTUKAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 editor American Cultivater, Biston, 1878 ; editor and publisher The 
 Home Farm, Augusta, 1880-88; agricultural editor Kennebec 
 Journal, 1889-92 ; i-'ecretary Maine State Agricultural Society, 
 1855-74 ; Member of Maine Board of Agricul ure, 1872-74 ; Sec- 
 retary Maine Board of Agriculture and Trustee Maine State College 
 of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts, 1874-79 ; Secretary Maine 
 State Pomological Society, 1885-86 ; Member Board of Managers 
 Maine Experiment Station, 1885-'87; Member of various agricul- 
 tural, historical and scientific societies. 
 
 1. Agricultural Survey of Somerset County, Maine. Augusta, 1860, 
 
 8vo., pp. 75. 
 
 2. The Agriculture and Industry of Kennebec County, Maine. With 
 ^ notes upon its History and Natural History. Augusta, 1867, Svo., 
 
 '^^^^P pp.200. 
 
 3. Maine State Agricultural Society: Report of the Exhibition at 
 
 Portland, Oct. 6-9, 1868. Augusta, 1869, 8vo., pp. 16. 
 Contains history of the Society from 1855 to 1868. 
 
 4. Power and Influence of the Agricultural Press. A Lecture before 
 
 the :Maine Board of Agriculture at Skowhegan, Oct. 9, 1872. 
 Augusta, 1873, 8vo., pp. 15. 
 
 5. Something about Foods. A Lecture before the Board of Agriculture 
 
 at Etna, Dec. 29, 187-t. Augusta, 1875, 8vo., pp. 19. 
 
 6. Maine Cattle. Some Materials towards a History of the Cattle of 
 
 Maine; with Facts Concerning Early Breeders, and Notices of the 
 Thoroughbred Herds at Present kept in the State. Augusta, 1875, 
 8vo., pp. 48. 
 
 7. The Menhaden and Herring Fisheries of Maine as Sources of Fertil- 
 
 ization. Augusta, 1875, 8vo., pp. 67. [With one plate.] 
 Mr. G. Brown Goode, in his "Natural and Economical History of 
 the American Menhaden," published in the Report of the United 
 States Commissioner of Fish and Fisheries for 1877, says: "From 
 Mr. Boardman's work I have derived much information and quoted 
 freely. * * The account of the agricultural uses of fish is the 
 most complete which has yet been published." 
 
 8. A General Index to the Principal Ai'ticles and Leading Subjects in 
 
 the Volumes on the Agriculture of Maine, fi'om 1850 to 1875. 
 Augusta, 1876, 8vo., pp. 24. 
 
 9. Some Notes on the History, Varieties and Statistics of Indian Corn. 
 
 Augusta, 1877, 8vo., pp. 23. [With one plate.] 
 10. . The Laws of Maine relating to Agriculture, or of Special Interest to 
 
 Farmers. [Editor of.] Augusta, 1878, 8vo., pp. 78. 
 11. The Development of our Agriculture as a means for The Improve- 
 ment of Business. A Lecture before the Farmers' Convention at 
 Warren, Feb. 19, 1878. Augusta, 1878, 8vo., pp. 21. 
 
BIBLIOGEAPHY. 29 
 
 12. The Climate, Soil, Physical Resources aad Agricultural Capabilities 
 
 of the State of Maine ; with Special Reference to the Occupation 
 of Its Xew Lands. Washington, D. C, 1884, 8vo., pp. 60. [Mis- 
 cellaneous Reports of the Department of Agriculture, No. 4.] 
 
 13. The Agriculture of Maine. Introduction to the Atlas of the State 
 
 of Maine, Houlton, 1884. [The equivalent of twelve 8vo. pages.] 
 
 14. The Tidal Lands and Diked Marshes of Nova Scotia and New Bruns- 
 
 wick. Washington, D. C, 1885. 8 vo., pp. 31, Illustrated. 
 Forming, chapter vii, pages 33-61, of "Tide Marshes of the United 
 States." Being Miscellaneous Reports of the Department of Agri- 
 culture, No. 7. 
 
 15. History of the Agriculture of Kennebec County, Maine. New York, 
 
 1892. Large octavo, pp. 40. [With one plate.] 
 Being a reprint of chapter viii of the "Illustrated History of Ken- 
 nebec County." 
 
 16. Editor of Agriculture of Maine, 187.3-79, 6 vols. 
 
 17. Editor of Poniolgy of Maine, 1885-86, 2 vols. 
 
 18. Some outlines of the Agriculture of Maine. Report of the Commis- 
 
 sioner of Agriculture, Washington, D. C, 1862, page 39-59. 
 
 19. The Horse at Agricultural Exhibitions. Report Maine Board of 
 
 Agriculture, 1876, page 120-132. 
 
 20. Historical Sketch of the State College. Report Maine Board of 
 
 Agriculture, 1876, page 208-220. 
 
 21. An Apple : How to Pick It and What to Do with It. Transactions 
 
 Jluiue State Pomological Society, 1885, page 105-115. 
 
 22. Memoir of Hon. Robert Hallowell, Gardiner. Transactions Maine 
 
 State Pomological Society, 1886, page 27-34. [With portrait.] 
 
 23. Trees and their L'ses in Rural Embelishment. Transactions Maine 
 
 State Pomological Society, 1887, page 51-59. 
 
 Krackett, George E. Born in Belfast, January 28, 1838. 
 Member ot the Stale Board of Agriculture from 1869 to 1879, and 
 from 1881 to 1883; register of deeds, Waldo county, five years; 
 assistant secretary, Maine senate, 1880 ; secretary Grand Lodge 
 of Maine Good Ti^mplars for a period of twenty years ; secretary of 
 Waldo County Trotting Horse Breeders' Association, 1890-1891 ; 
 trustee Slate Agricultural Society ; assistant editor of Maine Farmer, 
 1860. Addiess, Belfast. 
 
 1. Farm Talk : A Series of Articles in the Colloquical Style, illustrat- 
 
 ing various common Farm Topics. Boston, 1868, 16 mo., pp. 130. 
 
 2. Farm Talk : A Series of Papers Written in Colloquial Style, illustrat- 
 
 ing various Farming Subjects. [With portrait of the author.] 
 Belfast, 1881, 16 mo., pp. 144. 
 
 3. Practical Entomology. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1860, 
 
 Abstract, page 151-167. [With one plate.] 
 
30 
 
 AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHT, 
 
 4. Parasitic Insects Injurious to Farm Stock. Eeport Maine Board of 
 
 Agriculture, 1871, page 116-123. 
 
 5. On the Keeping of Fruit. Transactions Maine State Pomological 
 
 Society, 1873, page 117-119. 
 
 6. Associated Dairying in Maine. Report Maine Board of Agriculture 
 
 1874, page 37-43. 
 
 7. Associated Dairying in Maine. Eeport Maine Board of Agriculture, 
 
 1875, page 84-93. 
 
 8. Commercial Failures— and After. Eeport Maine Board of Agricul- 
 
 ture, 1875, page 1.53-lGO. 
 
 9. Beet Sugar. Eeport Maine Board of Agriculture, 1876, page 80-84. 
 
 10. Muck, Its Value and Use. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1878, 
 
 page 129-133. 
 
 Cole, Samuel W. Born in Cornish, in 1796. "When about 
 twenty years of age he left Maine and taught school for two years 
 in New Jersey and Pennsylvania. Soon after his return he pub- 
 lished the "Columbian Spelling Book," and a collection of poems 
 entitled "The Muse." On January 5, 1835, he published at Cor- 
 nish the first number of the Yankee Farmer, an eight page paper, 
 "Devoted to Farming and Gardening, Rural and Domestic Economy, 
 Arts, Trades &c." The size of the page was 8x9 1-2 inches, three 
 columns to the page. It was issued semi-weekly. The building 
 in which this paper was printed, and in which was also Mr. Cole's 
 book-bindery, is now standing — or was a few years since — on the 
 farm of the late G-owen Wilson Guptill, .'■lome two and a half or 
 three miles from Cornish village. Here Mr. Cole had his seed 
 gardens and experimental orchard. At the end of its first volume 
 the paper was moved to Portland, and published in connection with 
 a seed store and agricultural warehouse. Its publication was dis- 
 continued in 1838. In 1839 Mr. Cole moved to Boston and was 
 connected editorially with diflerent papers. He appears to have 
 begun his editorial work on the New England Farmer, Saturday, 
 December 9, 1848, with the first number of a "new series," which 
 is called. Vol. 1, No. 1. In his opening editorial Mr. Cole says: 
 "We recently offered a valedictory in another journal, and we are 
 now happy in greeting the agricultural community under circum- 
 stances so auspicioas, in a new and more acceptable manner." Mr. 
 Cole continued editor of the New England Farmer till his death 
 which occured at his home in Chelsea, Mass., December 3, 1851. 
 I regret that so little is known regarding the personality of this 
 noble man, and his good work as an agricultural editor and writer. 
 But repeated letters written for the purpose of obtaining facts of 
 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 31 
 
 this kind, fail to reach their destination or to receive attention. Mr. 
 A. W. Cheever, editor of the New England Farmer, writes me under 
 date of Nov. 23, 1892: "Mr. Cole was a devoted admirer of 
 Nature and among his last words were these : 'Lay me in some 
 quiet nook, under some shrub or tree and I shall repose in peace.' 
 1 find the above in the December 20, 1851, number of the New 
 England Farmer." 
 
 1. The American Veterinarian, or Diseases of Domestic Animals, show- 
 
 ing the Causes, Symptoms and Remedies ; and Rules for Restoring 
 and Preserving Health by Good JIanagement ; with Directions for 
 Training and Breeding, Boston, 1847, 16 mo, pp. 288. 
 
 Upon the title page of this- volume the author is said to be : 
 "Editor Agricultural Department Boston Cultivater, formerly editor 
 Yankee Farmer and Farmer's Journal." Many editions of this work 
 have been published — how many I cannot say. The preface to the 
 edition dated : "New England Farmer Office, Quincy Hall, Boston, 
 1850," says "Fourteenth Edition or Thirtieth Thousand." It is a 
 work that now finds a large yearly sale. 
 
 2. Tlie American Fruit-Book: containing Directions for Raising, Propa- 
 
 gating and Managing Fruit Trees, Shrubs and Plants, with a 
 Desoi'iption of the Best Varieties of Fruit, including New and Val- 
 uable Kinds, Embellished and Illustrated with numerous engravings 
 of Fruits, Trees, Insects, Grafting, Budding, Training, &c., &c. 
 Boston, 1819, 16 mo., pp. 288. 
 
 Upon the title page of this volume the author is said to be : "Edi- 
 tor of the New England Farmer, late editor of the Boston Cultivator, 
 author of the American Veterinarian, and formerly' editor of the 
 Yankee Farmer, and Farmer's .Journal.'' Acknowledgements are 
 made by the author for aid received in its preparation from Stephen 
 L. Goodale, Saco ; Dr. E. Holmes, Wintbrop ; Henry Little, Ban- 
 gor, and D, Taber, Vassalboro. Many editions of this work have 
 been published. 
 
 Mr. Cole was one of the founders of our agricultural literature, 
 and deserves to be held in honorable and grateful recognition for 
 his intelligent labors in promoting early agricultural journalism in 
 Maine — that great agency for the education of farmers. 
 
 Emerson, George B. Born at Wells, September 12, 1797. A 
 teacher for forty years, and one of the foremost lecturers in the 
 sciences which our country has produced. Said to have been 
 
32 AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 more familiar witli ttie agricultural and botanical products of New 
 England than any other man. Harvard University conferred upon 
 himthedegreeof LL.D.,in 1859. Died, March 4, 1881. [Portrait: 
 Maine Historical and Geneologioal Recorder, October, 1889 ; Vol. 
 vi. No. 4. J 
 
 1. A Report on the Trees and Shrubs growing Naturally in the Forests 
 of JIassachusetts. Originally published agreeably to an order of 
 the Legislature by the Commissioners on the Zoological and Botani- 
 cal Survey of the State. Second Edition. In two volumes. 
 Boston, 1875, 8 vo. pp. 624. [With one hundred and fifty-three 
 plates.] 
 The first edition of the above work was published by the State of 
 
 Massachusetts in 1846. 
 
 "One o£ the last labors of Mr. Emerson's life was to carefully revise the whole 
 work, sparing no expense to have its information complete down to that time, 
 and its illustrations such as should reflect honor upon his countrj^. These 
 volumes, for exactness of knowledge, thoroughness of detail, artistic skill and 
 consummate genius in the illustrative drawings, with a perfect adaptation to the 
 purpose tor which the work was prepared, render it a fitting monument to the 
 memory of the writer." Memoir by R. C. ^yutterson. 
 
 Emkrt, Frank Edwix. Born in Fairfield, May 31, 1855, and 
 graduated at Maine State College, class of 1883. Assistant in Ex- 
 perimental Department, Houghton Farm, Mountainville, N. Y., 
 1884-86; Superintendent Houghton Farm, 1886; Superintendent 
 Maplecroft Slock Farm, Fowling, N. Y., 1887; Farm Superin- 
 tendent New York State Experiment Station, Geneva, 1888-'90 ; 
 Agriculturist to North Carolina Experiment Station, since 1890. 
 Address : Raleigh, N. C. 
 
 1. Report as Farm Superintendent. Xew York Agricultural Experi- 
 
 ment Station, ISSS, page 316-403. [With two plates.] 
 Contains: Soil and rotation of crops; forage crops; silos and silage; 
 fertilizer experiments on grass; grass experiments on small plats; fer- 
 tilizer experiments on grass ; fertilizer experiments on corn. 
 
 2. Report of Farm Superintendent. Xew York Agricultural Experi- 
 
 ment Station, 1889, page 21.5-297. [With two plates.] 
 Contains : Grass plats and forage crops ; potato experiments ; experi- 
 ments with corn; nitrogen test jilats; warming water for milch cows. 
 
 3. Report of F.arm Superintendent. Xew York Agricultural Experi- 
 
 ment Station, 1890, page 352-471. 
 Contains : Experiments with grasses and forage crops ; on wheat ; 
 report on lysimeters ; food of dairy animals ; meteorology. 
 
 4. Silos and Ensilage. Bulletin Xorth Carolina Experiment Station, 
 
 No. 80. 
 6. Cotton Seed Hulls and Meal for Production of Beef. Bulletin North 
 Carolina Experiment Station, Mo. 81. 
 
BIBLIOGRAPHT. 83 
 
 6. Comparative Field Tests for 1891 and 1892. Bulletin North Carolina 
 
 Experiment Station, No. 89. 
 
 7. Experiments with oats, corn, potatoes, sorghum and grass. Bulletin 
 
 New York Agricultural Experiment Station, New Series, No. 13, 
 September, 1888, 8vo. page 59-73. 
 
 8. Comparative Test of Cows ; Loss in Keeping Manure. Bulletin New 
 
 York Agricultural Experiment Station, New Series, No. 23, Sep- 
 tember, 1890, 8vo., pp. 297-325. 
 Mr. Emerj' is also author of the following articles as "Press Bulletins 
 of the North Carolina Experiment Station," viz : No. 12, cost of feeding 
 working teams; No. 14, rear calves only from the best cows; No. 21, 
 peavine manuring for ■\\'heat; No. 22, tile-draining farm lands; No. 25, 
 will stock fatten faster loose or tied up; No. 26, cost of feed in working 
 farm teams ; No. 29, a test of cows in one dairy ; No. 32, cheese-making ; 
 No. 38, marketing stock for beef; special co-operative creameries. In 
 addition to the above, twelve other "press bulletins" upon move general 
 subjects are from Prof. Emery's hand. In connection witla Prof. Kilgore, 
 assistant chemist to the North Carolina station, Prof. Emery has pre- 
 pared Technical Bulletins of the station, Nos. 80c, and87d; has delivered 
 many addresses at farmers' conventions in New \ ork and North Caro- 
 lina, and coniributed largely to American agricultural journals. 
 
 Fernald, Merritt C. Born la South Levant, May 26, 1838 ; 
 and graduated at Bowdoin College, 1861. Principal of Gould's 
 Academy, 1863-'4 ; Houlton Academy, 1865-'6 ; Foxcroft Academy, 
 1866-'8. Professor of Mathematics and Pliysics, Maine State Col- 
 lege, 1868-'79 ; acting President Maine State College, 1868-'71 ; 
 President Maine State College from March, 1879. During his col- 
 lege presidency Dr. Fernald held the chair of Physics and Mental 
 and Moral Philosophy, 1879 to 1891, and since 1891 that of Mental 
 and Moral Philosophy. Received from Bowdoin College in 1861 
 the degree of A. B. ; in 1864 that of A. M. and in 1881 that of 
 Ph. D. Address : Orooo. 
 
 1. Table of Azimuths for the Latitude of IiUiine, from 1868 to 1900 
 
 [See Barker's Report ou the Variation of the Magnetic Needle, 
 1868.] 
 
 2. Register of Meteorological Observations, taken at Orono, Lat. 44 
 
 degrees, 53 minutes, 10 seconds ; Long. 8 degrees, 24 minutes, 3 
 seconds E of Washington, Elevation above the Sea 134 feet. Prom 
 1869 to 1892. [See Reports of Maine State College.] 
 
 3. Meteorological Reports of Maine Experiment Station, 1889-'92. 
 
 4. The Distribution of Rains. Agriculture of Maine, 1870, page 126-142. 
 
 5. On Plant Growth. Agriculture of Maine, 1871, page 40-56. 
 
 6. Protection from Lightning. Agriculture of Maine, 1872, page 38-58. 
 
 7. Agriculture compared with other Industries. Agriculture of Maine, 
 
 1873, page 331-351. 
 
34 AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGKAPHT. 
 
 8. Education and Labor. Agriculture of Maine, 1875, page 72-84. 
 
 9. Taxation. Agriculture of Maine, 1876, page 48-70. 
 
 10. The Margin of Profit in Farming and Farm Crops. Agriculture of 
 
 Maine, 1877, page 114-131. 
 
 11. Lightning and the Means of Averting Its Destructive effects. Report 
 
 Maine Board of Agriculture, 1872, page 38-57 
 
 Fernald, Charles H. Born in Mt. Desert, March 16, 1838. 
 Fitted for college at Maine Wesle\'an Seminary, bul entered the 
 Navy in August, 1862, where he remained till the close of the Re- 
 bellion having reached the rank of Ensign, when he resigned and 
 came to Maine, July, 1865. Principal of Litchfield Academy ; of 
 Houlton Academy 1866-71 ; professor of -Natural History, Maine 
 State College, 187l~'86. Was wilh the United States Fish Com- 
 mission at Eastport in the summer of 1872 ; at the Agassiz School 
 at Penekese, summer of 1873, and at Museum of Comparative Zool- 
 ogy, Cambridge, Mass., during several summer vacations. Trav- 
 elled in Europe and studied in the Continental Museums in the 
 winter of 1878--'9 and summer of 1890. Since 1887 professor of 
 Zoology, Massachusetts Agricultural College ; and from August 1891 
 to January, 1892, acting President of the same. Eutomological 
 Adviser to the Massachusetts Gypsy Moth Commisii; n Received 
 degree of A. M., from Bowdoin College, 1865, and Ph. D. from 
 Maine State College, 1885. In addition to his works enumerated 
 below. Prof. Fernald has written a large number of articles upon 
 entomological subjects which have bean published in the North 
 American Eutomologist ; Canadian Entomologist; Psyche; Ameri- 
 can Naturalist ; Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Club ; 
 Papilio; Entomologica Americana; Transactions of the American 
 Entomological Societv, Pbiladelijhia ; Entomologist, London ; Ento- 
 mologist's Monthly' Magazine, London ; Transactions of the Ento- 
 mological Societ3', London and other publications. In recognition 
 of his contributions to science. Prof. Fernald had a genus cf insects 
 namtd for him, Fernaldia, by Prof. A. R. Grote, F. analomella ; one 
 of the small moths, Ayrotis fernaldi by Morrison ; Conchylis fernal- 
 dana by Lord Walsingham ; Setiostoma fernaldella by Prof. Riley ; 
 Nephopteryx fernaldi by Mons. Ragonot of Paris ; Melitara ferna- 
 dalis by Dr. Hulst ; Acallis fernaldi by Mons. Ragonot ; Teras fer- 
 naldi by Prof. Butler of the British Museum. Several other insects 
 have also been named for Prof. Fernald. Address : Amherst, Mass. 
 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 35 
 
 1. Tuberculosis. Hatch Experiment Station, Jlussaohusetts Agricul- 
 
 tm-al College, Bulletin Xo 3, 18S',), 8 vo., pp. 20. 
 
 2. A Dangerous Insect Test in Medford. Hatch Experiment Station, 
 
 Massachusetts Agricultural College, Special Bulletin, jSTovember, 
 
 1SS9, 8 vo. pp. 8. 
 
 First description of the <i}'psy Sloth in tliis country. 
 
 3. Report on Insects. Hatch Experiment Station, Massachusetts Agri- 
 
 cultural College, Bulletin Xo. 19, May, 1802. ["With one colored plate, 
 one map and four full page plates.] 
 
 Describes g>iisy moth ; Paris green on tent caterpillars ; cranljerry 
 insects ; -sine worm ; fruit -svorm. 
 i. . Tuberculosis, with Special Reference to the Disease as seen in Cattle 
 and other Dom<'Sticated Animals. Report Massachusetts Agricul- 
 tural College, 1S!)2, page 81-100. 
 
 5. Report on Insects. Hatch Experiment Station, Massachusetts Agri- 
 
 cultural College, Bulletin Xo. 20, pp. 16. 
 
 Describes Canker worms ; Apple-tree tent caterpillars ; Fall AVeb- 
 
 worm; Tussock moths. 
 
 6. The Grasses of Maine. Designed for the Use of Students of the 
 
 Maine State College and the Farmers of the State. ^Vugusta, 1885, 
 8 vo., pp. 70. [With forty-two full page plates.] 
 Also, Maine Board of Agriculture, 1884, page 194. 
 
 7. The Butterflies of Maine. Described for the Use of Students of the 
 
 Maine State College, and the Farmers of the State. Augusta, 
 1884, 8 vo., pp. 104. Illustrated. 
 
 8. On Some of our Injurious Insects. Augusta, 1877, 8 vo., pp. 14. 
 
 One plate. [Also JIaiue Board of Agriculture, 1877, p. 56-69.] 
 Describes the "Wheat midge and Oyster-shell bark louse. 
 
 9. A Synonj'mical Catalogue of the Described Tortricidse of Xorth 
 
 America north of Mexico. Philadelphia, 1882, 8vo., pp. 72. 
 Reprinted from Transactions of American Entomological Society, 
 May, 1882. 
 
 10. The Sphingidaj of New England. Augusta, 1886, 8vo., pp. 87. 
 
 [With six full page plates.] 
 
 11. Moths. [Heteroccra.] In Standard Natural History, Boston, 1884. 
 
 Vol. II, page 435-469. [With one full page plate and thirty-nine 
 illustrations.] 
 
 12. Natural History of the Potato-Rot Fungus. Maine Board of Agri- 
 
 culture, 1882, p. 210-21J. [With one plate.] 
 
 13. Destructive Insects — Their Habits and the Means of Preventing 
 
 their Depredations. Transactions Maine State Pomological Society, 
 1875, p. 17-31. 
 
 14. The Orthoptera of New England. Designed for the Use of the 
 
 Students in the ^Massachusetts Agricultural College and the Farm- 
 ers of the State. Boston, 1888, 8vo., pp. 61. Illustrated. 
 
36 
 
 AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 Fernald, Merritt Lyndon. Bjrn in Orono, October 5'. 1873. 
 Assistant in tlie Herbarium and Botanical Laboratory of Harvard 
 University', 1892. Address : Cambridge, Mass. 
 
 1. Plants of Special Interest Collected at Orono, Maine. Bulletin of 
 
 the Torrey Botanical Club. New York, 1891. 
 
 2. The Portland Ciitalogue of Maine Plants. Second Edition. Portland, 
 
 ly92, 8 vo., pp. 40-72. 
 
 Getchell, Ira E. 
 
 1. Tables showing the Magnetic Declination in the State of Maine from 
 1609 to 1880. With notes on the Variation of the Compass, the 
 Secular, the Annual and the Diurnal Cliange. Xorth Vassalboro, 
 IsSO, 12 mo, pp. 13. 
 
 Gilbert, Z. A. Born in Greene, November 4, 1832. Member 
 of Maine Board of Agricnlture, 1860"'77 ; President Maine State 
 Pomological Society, 1874— "78 ; Trustee State College of Agricul- 
 ture and the Mechanic Arts, lS-<0--'88 ; President Miine State 
 Jerse}' Cattle Association, 1886-"92 ; State Inspsctor of Fertilizers, 
 1883--'84 ; President Board of Managers Maine Fertilizer Control 
 and Agricultural Experiment Station, 1885-'87 ; Chairman of Coun- 
 cil ]\Iaine State College Agricultural Experiment Station, 1888; 
 President Board Commissioners on Contagious Diseases of Cattle, 
 1882 -'6 ; Secretary Maine Board of Agriculture, 1880--'91 ; Agri- 
 cultural Editor Maine Farmer. Address : North Greene. 
 
 1. Editor, Agriculture of Maine, 1860-"90, 10 vols. 
 
 2. The Culture of the Potato. Keiimt Maiue Board of Agriculture, 
 
 1869, p. 42.5-433. 
 
 3. Plows and Plowing. Report iiaiae Board of Agriculture, 1870, p. 
 
 27"-298. 
 
 4. The Cooking of Food for Farm Stocli. Report Maine Board of Agri- 
 
 culture, 1S71, p. 24.5-263. 
 
 5. ( hanDfes in Our Farming. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1873, 
 
 p. 6-29. 
 
 6. .Special I-^arming. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1873, p. 
 
 393-402. 
 
 7. Planting an Orchard. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1875, 
 
 p. 05-71. 
 
 8. Fences and Fencing. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1876, p. 
 
 1-7. 
 
 9. The Compost Heap. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1877, p. 
 
 193-202. 
 
 10. Silos and Ensilage, Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1880, p. 
 
 12-25. 
 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 37 
 
 11. Co-opovative Butter Making. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 
 
 1881, p. 8-21. 
 
 12. Principles of Fertility. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1882, 
 
 p. 1.31-140. 
 
 13. Associated Dairying. Repoi't Maine Board of Agriculture, 1883, 
 
 p. 71-86. 
 
 14. The Grass Crop and \\'hat to Do with It. Report Maine Board of 
 
 Agriculture, 1883, p. 13-23. 
 
 15. Machinery in Corn Growing. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 
 
 1883, p. 115-127. 
 
 16. Comparative Profits of Butter Making and Selling j\Iilk. Report 
 
 Maine Board of Agriculture, 1883, p. 177-187. 
 
 17. The Red Russet. Transactions Maine Pomological Society, 1887, 
 
 p. 89-93. 
 
 18. Practices in Private Dairying. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 
 
 1888, p. 50-72. 
 
 19. Work of the Cream Separator. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 
 
 1890, p. 148-153. 
 
 20. Products of the Dairy and How to Secure Them. Report Maine 
 
 Board of Agriculture, 1890, p. 172-181. 
 
 21. Shrinkage in Value of Farm Real Estate. Ijcoture before Maine 
 
 Board of Agriculture at Augusta, January 15, 1890, Augusta, 1890, 
 8 vo., pp. 6. 
 
 GooDALE, Stephen L. Born ia South Berwick, Augmt 14, 
 1815. Was educated in the public schools and at Thornton 
 Academy, Saco. Eleeted Secretary of the Maine Board of Agri- 
 culture in 1856, and continued in that position till 1872. Trustee 
 Mai»e State College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts, 
 1870-'73. For man3' years general manager and chemist of the 
 Cumberland Bone Company. Trustee of the Saco and Biddeford 
 Savings Institution, 1847-'57 ; Vice President, 1857-'67; President, 
 1867-'87. One of the most eminent agricultural chemists in the 
 ccunlry. Address : Saco. 
 
 1. Editor, Agriculture of Jlaiue, 185G-72, 17 vols. 
 
 2. The Principles of Breeding ; or, Glimpses at the Physiological Laws 
 
 involved in the Reproduction and Improvement of Domestic Ani- 
 mals. Boston, 1861, 12 mo., pp. 164. 
 One of the earliest treatises published on this subject, which has 
 
 received high praise from the agriculturists of the whole country 
 
 and is today regarded as a standard work. 
 
 3. Dah'y Husbandry. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1858, p. 
 
 57-124. 
 
 4. The Grasses of Maine. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1859, 
 
 p. 61-152. 
 
38 AGRICTJLTUUAL BIBLIOGKAPHT. 
 
 5. Principles of Breeding Domestic Animals. Report Maine Board of 
 
 Agriculture, 1860, p. 57-142. 
 
 6. On the Manufacture of Cheese as an article of Export, by meanc of 
 
 Associated Dairies. 1863, p. 111-1.32. 
 
 7. Fruit Culture. Keport Maine Board of Agriculture, 1863, p. 133- 
 
 267. [The Apple and Pear.] 
 A careful and elaborate general treatise on this subject, and one of 
 permanent value. 
 
 8. Fruit Culture. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1864, p. 136- 
 
 167. [The Plum, Cherry, Grape and Currant.] 
 
 9. On the Beet Root as a Source of Sugar. Report Maine Board of 
 
 Agriculture, 1SG4, p. 168-171. 
 
 10. Influsnce of the Forest on Clim.ate. Report Maine Board of Agri- 
 
 culture, 1868, p. 71-103. 
 
 11. The Rinderpest or Cattle Plague. Report Maine Board of Agricul- 
 
 ture, 1868, p. 104-119. 
 
 12. On the Cultivation of the Hop. Report :Maine Board of Agricul- 
 
 ture, 1866, p. 54-S!0. 
 
 13. Structure, Functions and Diseases of the Udder of the Cow. Report 
 
 Maine Board of Agriculture, 1866, p. 184-198. 
 
 14. On tlie Cheinistry of ^Manures. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 
 
 1867, p. S3-113. 
 
 15. "Wheat Culture in Maine. Ri'port Maine Board of Agriculture, 1868, 
 
 p. 121-1.59. 
 
 16. On Some Points in Potato Culture. Report Maine Board of Agri- 
 
 culture, 1808, p. 160-180. 
 
 17. Riader]>est. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1868, page 181-235. 
 
 18. Valuation of Manures. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1869, 
 
 p. 360-381. 
 
 19. Foot and Mouth Disease in Cattle. Report Maine Board of Agricul- 
 
 ture, 1870, p. 431-440. 
 
 20. The Changes in Farming which have taken place, and ^^'hich should 
 
 be made. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1872, p. 334-3.54. 
 
 21. Shall the State of Maine grow her own Fruit Trees, or buy them 
 
 from Other States. Transactions Maine State I'omological Society, 
 1873, p. 49-56. 
 
 GooDALE, George Lincoln. Born in Saco, August 3, 1839. 
 Daring his preparation for college, he served as apprentire in an 
 apothecary store, bis grandfather's business, and acquired a good 
 knowledge of the pharmacy of that day. He entered Amherst 
 College in 1856, and graduated in 1860 in the class with Prof. 
 Estey and President Francis A. Walker. After graduation, he 
 remained for a 3 ear connected with the college as assistant in chem- 
 istry and botany. His teacher in the latter department was the late 
 Prof. Tuckermao. In Tuckerman's Catalogue of the Plants of 
 
BIBLIOGEAPHY. 39 
 
 Amherst and Vicinity the author refers to the excursions made with 
 Mr. Goodale during the j-ears from 1856 to 1861. Among the 
 other teachers then in Amherst College who exerted a marked 
 Influence upon the tastes and work of Mr. Goodale should be men- 
 tioned the late President P^dward Hitchcock and his son Charles, 
 now of Dartmouth, Prof. C. U. Shepard, the mineralogist, Presi- 
 dent Seelye, and the venerable Piof. William S. Tyler. Being a 
 rapid short-hand writer, he was at one period in his college course 
 amanuensis to the late President William A. Stearns, with whom to 
 the very last he maintained close relations. In his senior year he 
 began the study of medicine with the well-known and beloved 
 ph3'sician, Dr. A. Smith, of Amherst, but toward the end of 1861 
 joined the Portland School for Medical Instruction as a pupil, 
 attending courses of medical lectures in the Medical School of Maine 
 and at Harvard. He received his medical degree at Harvard Uni- 
 versitj' in 1863, reading at graduation, a thesis on Anthrax maligna. 
 Later in the same year he was given the same degree by Bowdoin 
 College. From this date until 1865 he practiced medicine in Port- 
 land, served as City Physician, and gave lectures in the medical 
 school on anatomy, and afterward on surgery and materia medica. 
 During the winter of that j-ear he attended as private pupil, in New 
 York, the special classes of Dr. Frank Hamilton, Austin Flint the 
 elder, and Dr. Sbrady ; but in February of 1863 his health was so 
 much impaired that he relinquished practice and study, and went 
 by the way of Panama to California. After having executed cer- 
 tain commissions in the inspection of mining property, he visited 
 the principal points of botanical interest in the State, ascending 
 Mount Shasta with a party in August. In the following year Dr. 
 Goodale visited Europe with his life-long friend. Prof. Brackett, 
 formerly of Bowdoin College, and now of Princeton University. 
 He accepted, in 1868, an inslructorship in Bowdoin College and the 
 Medical School of Maine. His connection with those twi institu- 
 tions lasted until 1871, during which period he held the chair of 
 Materia Medica in the Medical School, and of Applied Chemistry 
 and Natural Science in the college. At the invitation of Prof. Asa 
 Gray, he became assistant in botany in the Summer School of 1871, 
 and later in that year was appointed university lecturer in Harvard. 
 In 1872 he was promoted to the Assistant Professorship of 
 Vegetable Physiology, and in 1877 to the Professorship of Botany. 
 On the death of his teacher, the late Asa Gray, he was appointed 
 
40 AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 to the vacant Fisher Professorship of Natural History. Many 
 of his vacations have been passed in Earope in the study of 
 economic and physiological botany, the vacation year of 1881- 
 1882 in the laboratory of Pfeffer, in Tiibingen, and in Paris. 
 In addition to the degrees already mentioned, Prof. Goodale has 
 received that of Master of Arts from Biwdoin and from Amherst; 
 from the latter also that of Doctor of Laws. Among the societies 
 to which he belongs may be mentioned: Phi Bsta Kappa, of Am- 
 herst; American Socitty of Naturalists (of which he has been pres- 
 ident;) American Physiological Society; Siciety of American 
 Anatomists ; the German Botanical Society ; the Academies of 
 Philadelphia and of New Yorl? ; the American Academy of Arts and 
 Sciences; and the National Academy, Washington. lie was Pres- 
 ident of the American A-^sociution for the Advancement of Science 
 in 1891. Prof. Goodale's contributions to science have been chiefly 
 physiological and botanical. In addition to these publications, refer- 
 ence may be made to his work as associate editor of the Anaerican 
 Journa"! of Science, and to his three series of lectures before the 
 Lowell Institute in Boston. One of these courses, that on forest trees 
 and forestry, is especially valuable to all having the care of woodlands 
 or forest trees, and to farmers generally. Reference is made to a 
 few of his published treatises of more direct economic value to 
 farmers. [Portrai : Popular Science Monthly, September, 1891. J 
 Address: Cambiidge, IMass. 
 
 1. Prize Essay on Underdraining and Deep Tillage. Report Maine 
 
 Board of Agriculture, 1860. Part II, p. 122-138. 
 
 2. Botanical Keport on ^Maine Plants. Preliminaiy Report upon the 
 
 Natural History and Geology of Maine. Report Maine Board of 
 Agriculture, 1S61, p. 125-129. 
 
 3. Botanical Notes on the New Lands of Maine. Report Maine Board 
 
 of Agrlcuiture, 1861, p. 361-372. 
 
 4. Mineral Waters of Maine. Report Jlaine Board of Agriculture, 1861. 
 
 p. 443-1.50. 
 
 5. The A''egetation of Aroostoolv C:ounty. Report Maine Board of Agri- 
 
 culture, 1862, p. 120-128. [\Vith a map.] 
 
 6. On the diseases of Plants. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1869, 
 
 p. 129-149. 
 
 7. Some of the Conditions of Successful Experimenting. Report Maine 
 
 Board of Agriculture, 1869, p. 310-325. 
 
 8. Analytical Researches on the Food of Cows. Report Maine Board_of 
 
 Agriculture, 1871, p. 96-104. 
 
 9. American Wild Flowers. Fifty-one beautiful colored plates. Boston, 
 
 Mass., 1892, 4 to. 
 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 41 
 
 10. Several editions of the works of Dr. Asa Gray, on American botany, 
 with revisions and additions. 
 
 Hamlin, Charles Edward. Born in Augusta February 4, 1825. 
 He graduated at Waterville College (now Colby University) class of 
 1847, and received the degree of A. M. in 1850. The University 
 of Lewisburg in 1873, conferred the degree of LL. D. He was 
 Professor of Chemistry and Natural History at Colby University, 
 1853--1873 ; Member of the Maine Board of Agriculture in 1870--'71 ; 
 was elected a Member of the Board of Trustees of Colby University 
 in 1880; Fellow of the American Academy, 1876; Curator of 
 Conchology and Pa'aeontology, Museum Comparative Zoology, from 
 1873, and Instructor in Geography and Geology, Harvard University, 
 1875--1877. He died at Cambridge, Mass., January 3, 1886. 
 
 1. Birds of Kennebec County. Eeport Maine Board of Agriculture, 
 
 1865, p. 168-173. 
 
 2. Observations upon the Piiysical Geography and Geology of Mount 
 
 Ktaadn and the Adjacent District. Bulletin of the Museum of 
 Comparative Zoology of Harvard College, No. v of vol. vii, pp. 
 189-2-23. [With one folded heliotype, and one map.] 
 In this work Prof. Hamlin describes the geological features of the 
 surrounding region, the lakes in tlie vicinity, a Kame at Gordon's Land- 
 ing, the granite area, reaching the conclusion that the country south of 
 Ktaadn is part of the great region of stratified rooks which surround it 
 on all sides. Incidental!}- mentions the geological features of Kennebec 
 valley. 
 
 Prof. Hamlin's beautiful character and -worthy life find fitting eulogy in the 
 Memorial discourse delivered in the chapel of Colby University, July 5, 1SS7, by 
 Rev. Francis W. Bakeman, D. D. [Portland, 1887, 8 vo. i^p. 32.] "Sincere, modest, 
 kind; pure in thought and expression; charitable in judgment, loyal to his con- 
 victions, yet human and reasonable; full of most generous sentiment and winning 
 in his friendliness, he -was as near the perfect Christian gentleman as -^e may 
 hope to see in an imperfect -\vorld." 
 
 Harvey, Francis LeRoy. Born April 22nd, 1850, near Ithaca, 
 Thompkins Co., New York. Early education in public schools of 
 Ithaca. Moved with parents to Iowa in 1865. Taught fourteen 
 terms in the public schools of Iowa between 1867 and 1874. Entered 
 the Iowa Agricultural College in 1868. Graduated in 1872, degree 
 B. S.'. Student Assistant in Chemistry for two and a half years. 
 Curator in Entomology for Natural History Society of Alma Maler 
 three years, and President two j'ears. Took post-graduate in Botany 
 at Alma Mater 1874, Harvard Summer Course in Mineralogy and 
 Geology 1877. Principal Graded Schools in Iowa 1873. Chair 
 of Natural Sciences, Humboldt College, Iowa, 1874. From 1875-'81 
 
42 AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 Chair of Theoretical and Applied Chemistry ia the Arkansas Indus- 
 trial University. From 1881-'5 Chair Biology, Mineralogy and 
 Geology, same institution. In 1886 in charge of Dr. A. E. Foote's 
 Natural History and Mineral Establishment in Philadelphia, Pa. 
 From 1887 to date chair Natural History, Maine State College. 
 From 1888 to date, also Botanist and Entomologist to the Maine 
 Agricultural Experiment Station. Received the degree of Ph. D. 
 in 1890 from Arkansas Indus'rial University. Thesis for degree 
 "The Apple Maggot — Trypeta pomohella, Walsh " Corresponding 
 member Academy Natural Sciences, Philadelphia, Pa. ; Correspond- 
 ing member Portland Society Natural History ; Corresponding mem- 
 ber Torrey Botanical Club, N> w York ; Coirespondiog member 
 Washington Entomological Society, and active member American 
 Association of Economic Botanists and Entomologists. Address : 
 Orono. 
 
 1. First Report as Botanist and Entomologist to the Maine Experiment 
 
 Station. Report Maine Experiment Station, 1888, p. 136-195. 
 
 2. Second Report, 1889. Report Maine Experiment Station, 188, p. 148-254. 
 
 Contains : Life Hist;or_y of the Apple IMaggot, p. 190-237. [With 
 three plates.] 
 
 3. Third Report, 1890. Report Maine Experiment Station, 1890, p. 105-139. 
 
 Fourth lleport, 1891. Report Maine Experiment Station, 1891, p. 
 175-207. 
 
 4. Preservation of Our Forests. A Paper read at the Maine Forestry Con- 
 
 vention at Bangor, Decemljer 18, 1888. 12mo. pp. 8. [See also 
 First Annual Report of Maine Forest Commissioner. Augusta, 
 1891, p. 29-41.] 
 
 5. Some Fungous Diseases of Fruits. Transactions Maine State Pomo- 
 
 logical Society, 1889, p. 88-107. [AVith one plate.] 
 
 6. "VMiat and How Much Science Teat'hing in Common Soliools. Thirtj'- 
 
 Fourtli Report State Suiseriutendcnt of Common Schools of Maine, 
 
 1887, p. 145-153. 
 Has contributed many agricultural, botanical and zoological articles to 
 public journals and periodicals. 
 
 "One of the best pieces of work "vvliioh has been done by the experiment station 
 entomologists in the past year lias been performed by Prof. Harvey in his studies 
 upon the applf maggot. He has outlined a careful investigation and carried it 
 through successfully, and has presented his results in a straightforward, sclentiflc 
 and readable way. He gives for the first time accurate observations upon the 
 eggs, careful studies of the reproductive system, observations upon the act of 
 oviposition, and a list of sixty-six varieties of apples infested by the maggot, 
 with comparative statements as to damage. His summary of the life history is 
 very careful, and his consideration of the remedies includes an account of the 
 useless methods, the preventive measures, and the direct methods. He follows 
 with some critical remarks upon the anatomy of Trypete, and a summary of the 
 previous writings upon this insect, correcting the numerous errors which have 
 occurred in print. He rightly claims for himself the credit of recording tor the 
 first time, a, the discovery and history of the eggs; b, that the larva becomes full 
 
BIBLIOGBAPHT. 43 
 
 grown in Irom four to six weeks; c, that tlie flies are on tlie wing larger tlian 
 before recorded, tliat tlie later races of flies affect the later fruit."— Prof. C. V. 
 Eiley, In Insect Life, Vol. Ill, p. •2r)3-'264; March, 1891. 
 
 Hayes, John Lord. Born in South Berwick, April 13, 1812. 
 Graduated at Dartmouth College, 1831. From 1865 to his death, a 
 period of twenty-two years. Secretary of the National Association 
 of Wool Manufacturers; Judge at the Centennial Exhibition, 1876, 
 on Wool and woolen fabrics, and Silk and silk fabrics ; received the 
 degree of LL. D. from Dartmouth College in 1878 ; appointed Pres- 
 ident of the Tariff Commission by President Arthur in 1882 Died 
 at his home in Cambridge, Mass., April 18, 1887. Mr. Hayes was 
 a voluminous writer on subjects pertaining to the wool industr3' and 
 related questions. He edited eighteen annual volumes of the quar- 
 terly "Bullftin," published by the Wool Manufacturers' Association, 
 wWch is an authority, the woild over, on matters pertaining to sheep 
 husbandry, the wool industry and legislation affecting it. A memoir 
 of Mr. Hayes, and tributes to his memory and character appear in 
 the '•Bulletin," Vol. 17, p. 98-115, which contains a portrait of Mr. 
 Hayes as a frontispiece. A biblography of his writings will be 
 found in the "Bulletin," Vol. 17, p. 101-10-1, extending to fifty- 
 eight titles. A few of the mora important of these are given below : 
 
 1. The Angora Goat. Its Origin, Culture .iml Products, Boston, 1868, 
 
 8vo., pp. .38. 
 
 2. Address before the National Association of Wool ]Manufaeturers, at 
 
 the First Annual Meeting in Philadelphia, September 6, 1865. Cam- 
 bridge, 1865, 8vo., pp. 80. 
 
 3. Eeport upon Wool and Manufactures of Wool at the Paris Universal 
 
 Exposition, 1867, Washington, 1868, 8vo., pp. 14,?. 
 
 4. The W^ool Industry in our National Economy. Eeport Maine Board 
 
 of Agriculture, 1876, p. 179-207. 
 
 5. The Awards and Claims of Exhibitors at the International Exhibition 
 
 at Philadelphia, 1876, in the Departments of Textile JIaterials, 
 Fabrics and Machinery, Boston, 1877, 8vo., pp. 631. 
 This volume contains Jlr. Hayes" remarkable reports on wool and 
 woolen fabrics, and on silk and silk fabrics, p. 277-458. 
 
 6. Wool Production and Sheep Husbandry. Eeport Maine Board of 
 
 Agriculture, 1877, p. 132-156. 
 An address delivered before the Maine Board of Agriculture at New- 
 port, February 22, 1877 ; full of interesting personal and auto-biographi- 
 cal reminiscences, and equally so of the most valuable and important 
 matters on sheep husbandry for Maine farmers to consider. They are as 
 applicable to our conditions now as when first spoken. 
 
 7. Sheep Husbandry in the South. Boston, 1878, 8vo., pp. 108. 
 
 8. The Resources of the United States for Sheep Husbandry and the 
 
 Wool Manufacture. Boston, 1878, 8vo., pp. 43. 
 
44 AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHT. 
 
 "In Ills paper on sheep culture, on wool as an Article of commerce, and on its 
 manufacture, be has manifested not only his thorough knowledge of the busi- 
 ness and his accuracy in statistics and details, but, equally, a literary taste and 
 ability, a purity of style and an elegance of diction, which, employed on themes 
 of a less technical and limited interest, would have won for him commanding 
 reputation as a master of English composition." — Dr. Andrew P. Peabody, Wool 
 Manufacturers' Bulletin, Vol. 17, p. 96. 
 
 "But John L. Hayes' great work in life, that for which his memory will for 
 many years be most honored, is his able, consistent, intense and thoroughly 
 patriotic advocacy of the policy of protection to home industry. In the earnest- 
 ness and zeal with which he advocated this pollcj-, he had no superiors; in the 
 fulness of his knowledge of his subject, he had few equals. The wool tariff of 
 1877, which gave such general satlsf .ction, and assisted so greatly to develop both 
 our wool growing and wool manufacturing industries, was chiefly the work of his 
 skilful hand, and its enactment into a law was chiefly due to his personal influ- 
 ence with leading members of both branches of Congress." — James M. Swank, 
 Editor Bulletin of the Iron and Steel Manufacturers' Association, April -0, 1S77. 
 
 "In all the relations of domestic and social life, Mr. Hayes has been true, faith- 
 ful and kind, loving and tenderly beloved, incapable of enmity or ill-will, deem- 
 ing it his happiness to make others happy, and filling a large and unspeakably 
 dear place in the affection of very niany beyond the inner circle of family and 
 kindred." — Dr. Andrew P. Peabody. 
 
 Holmes, Ezekiel. Born in Kingston, Mass., August 24, 1801. 
 Graduated from Brown University in 1821, and from the Maine 
 Medical School in 1821. His health being inadequate to the hard 
 service of a country physician's life, he became a teacher for the 
 next five years in the Gardiner Lyceum. In 1828 he edited for a, 
 single year the New England Farmers' and Mechanics' Journal. He 
 was professor of natural science in Waterville College from 1833 to 
 1837. From its establishment, in 1833, Doctor Holmes ably edited 
 the Maine Farmer until his death — a period of thirt; -two years. 
 Before 1840 he advocated the establishment of a Board of Agricul- 
 ture, which was finally done in 1852, he being its first secretary and 
 holding that position for three years. A State Agricultural Society 
 was also incorporated by the legislature in 1855, largely through the 
 eflorts of Doctor Holmes, who drafted its constitution and was its 
 secretery until his death. In 1838 he made a survey of Aroostook 
 county for the State Board of Internal Improvement ; and in 1861--2 
 was chief and naturalist of the scientific survey of Maine, authorized 
 by the Legislature. These leading dates in the active and useful 
 life of Doctor Holmes give but a very imperfect idea of the great 
 work he accomplished for the agriculture of Maine — the influence of 
 which is still potent and fruitful. As editor of the Maine Farmer 
 for more than thirty years, the work of Doctor Holmes was such 
 that had he done nothing more for Maine agriculture his memory 
 would forever be held in grateful remembrance. Doctor Holmes 
 
THE 
 
 NORTHERN^ SHEPHERD, 
 
 A REPORT OF A COMMITTEE 
 
 KENNEBEC COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETT. 
 
 Ul-ON THE 
 
 DISEASES AND MANAGEMENT OF SHEEP. 
 
 ■ To rear the lender flock. 
 
 A labor Ihis. - 
 
 yirg\! . 
 
 WINTHROP, 
 William Nojes— Printei. 
 
 1835. 
 
 TITLK-PAGE OF FIRST ORKilNAL TREATISE ON 
 .MAINE AGRICULTURE. 
 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 45 
 
 was the first person in Maine to iuiroduce Shorthorns into the state ; 
 the first Southdown and Cotswold sheep, and the first of the Jersey 
 breed of cattle. The last public act of his life was that of securing 
 from the Legislature in February-, 1865 — but a week before his death 
 — an act which established the State College of Agriculture and the 
 Mechanic Arts as a separate and independent institution. The nat- 
 ural history cabinet in this college is named the ''Holmes Museum" 
 in hij hoaor. Ha died at his homs in VVinthrop, February 9, 1865. 
 [Portrait : Ffoati.sp;ece to Agriculture of Maine, 1865. J 
 
 1. Culture of Hemp. Report of ;i Committee of the Legislature. Maine 
 
 Documents, [Council], 1829, p. 479^86. 
 
 2. Annual Report of the Corresponding Secretary of the Kennebec 
 
 County Agricultural Society, for 1834, pp. 11. [Maine Documents, 
 1835.] 
 
 3. Editor of Transactions of the Agricultural Societies of Maine, 1850- 
 
 55, 4 vols. 
 
 4. The Xorthern Shepherd, being a Report of a Committee of the Ken- 
 
 nebec County Agricultural Society upon the Diseases and Manage- 
 ment ot Sheep. AVintlirop, 1835, ]2mo, pp. 132. 
 The first distinctively original treatise on agriculture printed in Maine. 
 A rare volume. 
 
 5. Report of an Exploration and Survey of the Territory of the Aroos- 
 
 took River, during the Spring and Autumn of 1838. Augusta, 
 1839, 8vo, pp. 80. 
 
 6. Birds Injurious to Agriculture. Agricultural Report of the Commis- 
 
 sioner of Patents. "Washington, 1857, p. 110-160. [With thirty- 
 two plates.] 
 
 7. Introductory Report as Naturalist to the Scientific Survey of Maine. 
 
 Preliminary Report upon the Natural History and Geology of 
 Maine. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1861, p. 97-124. [Con- 
 tains notes on the physical geography of Maine, and List of Birds 
 ot Maine.] 
 
 8. On the Fishes of Maine, including some of the Elementary Principles 
 
 of Iclithyology. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1862, p. 9-117. 
 
 9. Notes on the Geology of a Portion of Aroostooli County. Report 
 
 Maine Board of Agriculture, 1862, p. 359-376. 
 
 10. Aqua3culture. Rejjort Maine Board of Agriculture, 1864, p. 99-135. 
 
 11. Numerous agricultural, scientific and literary addresses and lectures 
 
 published in pamphlet form from 1830 to 1865. 
 For biographical sketch of Doctor Holmes see Agricultm-e of Maine, 
 1865, p. 205-226. 
 
 "Dr. Holmes waaSunwearied in his efiorts to promote the public interests of the 
 State. Everything pertaining to its natural resources— from the humblest plant 
 to the giantjtree of Ithelforest, from the soil to the 'mountain, from the bottom of 
 the small stream tolthatof the neighboring ocean— bore testimony to his zeal and 
 
46 AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 knowledge. Nothing escaped his eye that might render service to the wants of 
 his fellow man. His influence in promoting emigration to the Aroostook was of 
 a far greater value in erecting a barrier against foreign encroachments, than a 
 line of forts In an unbroken forest from Canada to the Atlantic."— Dr. X. T. True 
 Agriculture of Maine, 1865, p. 21.5. 
 
 "He was the true conservator of the industrial and domestic interests of Maine, 
 and watched their progress and development with all the solicitude and care of 
 one whose vital concerns were at stake. To the farmers whom he so often met 
 in the midrit of bis labors, he was emphaticallj' a father, and in the many homes 
 in his own and other states lived a numerous family. When he went forth he 
 moved as a patriarch of old among his children, their herds and their flocks; all 
 were ready to bid him welcome, and thousands rose up to do him reverance. 
 His sjmpathles were emphatically with the masses. Man was his brother, and 
 In whatever state or condition he met Mm he was ever ready to extend the right 
 hand of friendship to bis equals and comrades in life, or relieve the wants of the 
 mendicant that sought his charity."— Eulogy delivered in Representatives' Hall, 
 State House, Jan. 29, 1866, by Hon. E. R. French, Agriculture of Maine, 1866, p. 4647. 
 
 Hitchcock, Charles Henry. Born in Amherst, Mass., August 
 23, 1836. Graduated from Amherst College, 1856 ; Andover Sem- 
 inary, 1861. Assistant State Geologist, Vermont, 1857 ; Geologist 
 to Natural History Survey of Maine 1861-'62 ; Geologist New 
 Hampshire, 1868— '72. In 1869 received degree of Ph. D. from 
 Lafayette College, Indiana. Has published important reports on 
 geological surveys of Vermont, Maine and New Hampshire ; several 
 geological maps of authority ; treatise on geology in Report of Ninth 
 Census ; Elementary Geology, 1860 ; Mount Washington in Winter, 
 1871, and has made more than one hundred and fifty contributions 
 to scientific literature. Has in late years made extensive explora- 
 tions in Florida and the Windward Carribee islands, the last trip in 
 the interest of the Cumberland Bone Company, Portland. Discov- 
 ered that the phosphate of Redonda was of mineral origin. Was 
 one of the principal geologists connected in the formation of the 
 Geological Society of America, 1888. Has recently presented 
 extensive geological collections to Dartmouth College. Professor of 
 Geology, Dartmouth College. Address : Hanover, N. H. 
 
 1. General Report upon the Geology of Maine. Preliminary Report 
 
 upon the Natural History and Geology of the State of Maine. 
 Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1861, p. 146-328. 
 
 2. Geology of the "Wild Lands. Report Board of Agriculture, 1861, p. 
 
 377-442. [With a geological map of Northern Maine.] 
 
 3. Geology of Maine. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1862, p. 221- 
 
 430. [With a map.] 
 
 HosKiNs, Thomas H. Born in Gardiner, May 14, 1828. Grad- 
 uated from Medical Department of the University of Louisville, Ky., 
 1860. From 1849 to 1854 in the wholesale drug business in Louis- 
 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 47 
 
 ville. Editor Veimont Farmer, 1872 ; Agricultural Editor Vermont 
 Watchman and State Journal ; Member Vermr nt Board of Agricul- 
 ture. Since I860 has resided at Newport, Vt., rear the head of 
 Lake Memphremagog. The extreme severity of the winter climate 
 in this elevated locality led him into an ardent study of the "iron- 
 clad" tree fruits, which he has now pursued for over twenty-five 
 years. His orchard contains more than twelve hundred fruit trees, 
 embracing every variety capable of enduring the climate, collected 
 from our northern border, from Canada and from Eussia ; and Dr. 
 Hoskins appears to have solved the problem of tree fruits — especially 
 of apples, pears, cherries and plums — forall NorlherD[New England 
 and lower Canada. He is an enthusiastic gardener and hybridist, 
 and has produced a considerable number of valuable new varieties 
 of garden vegetables. His experimental gardens and grounds have 
 become a sort of horticultural Mecca for those seeking an example 
 of success in these specialties. Dr. Hoskins is one of the most dis- 
 tinguished and best known horticultural writers in the country and 
 has contributed largely to the agricultural and horticultural journals 
 and magazines, and the Agricultural reports and horticultural trans- 
 actions of many states. Among the journals to which he has con- 
 stantly and frequently contributed are the Maine Farmer, The 
 Home Farm, New England Farmer, Mashachusells Ploughman, 
 Rural New Yorker, The Gardener's Monthly, American Gardening 
 and Garden and Forest. In addition to this Dr. Hoskins has pre- 
 pared valuable reports on the fruits of Vermont which have appeared 
 in the Transaction of the American Pomological Societj', viz : 1881, 
 p. 118; 1885, p. 108. The catalogue below comprises only some 
 of his more important lectures and papers furnished to the reports 
 and transactions named. Address : Newport, Vt. 
 
 1. Fruit Raising in Vermont. Vermont Board of Agriculture, 1872, p. 
 
 50-61. 
 
 2. Vermont as an Agricultural State. Vermont Board of Agriculture, 
 
 1872, p. 568-578. 
 
 3. Science and Practice of Manuring. Vermont Board of Agriculture, 
 
 1874, p. 158-176. 
 
 4. Why does Education Draw Young Men from the Farm. Vermont 
 
 Board of Agriculture, 1875-'76, p. 489-504. 
 6. List of Fruits for Vermont. Vermont Board of Agriculture, 1878, p. 
 216-217. [Equally valuable as a guide to varieties for cultivation. 
 in Maine.] 
 
48 AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 6. Apples for Ai'oostook County. Maine Board of Agriculture, 1880, p. 
 
 105-115. [An exceedingly important contribution to Maine pom- 
 ology.] 
 
 7. Small Fruits and Apples on the Farm. Vermont Board of Agricul- 
 
 ture, 1881-'2, p. 169-174. 
 ?. Hardy Winter Apples. Transactions :Maine State Pomological Society, 
 
 1882, p. 29-34. 
 
 9. Nomenclature of Kussets. Transactions Maine State Pomological 
 
 Society, 1882, p. 86-38. 
 
 10. Setting out an Apple Orchard. Vermont Board of Agriculture, 
 
 188.3-'4, p. 123-126. 
 
 11. The Iron-Clad Tree Fruits. Maine Board of Agriculture, 1885, p. 
 
 10-31. [Illustrated with thirteen outlines and portraits of fruits.] 
 
 12. Truck Farming. Vermont Board of Agriculture, 1885-'6, p. 103-116. 
 
 13. The Bleeding of Apple Trees. Transactions Maine State Pomo- 
 
 logical Society, 1SS6, p. 15S-160. 
 
 14. Russian Fruits. Transactions Maine State Pomological Society, 1889, 
 
 p. 126-128. 
 
 Jackson, Charlks Thomas. Born in Plymouth, Mass., June 
 21, 1805; died in Somerville, Mass., August 28, 1880. Graduated 
 at the Harvard iledical School in 1S29 ; studied in Europe; dis- 
 covered the magnetic telegraph in 1832, claiming priority over that 
 of Samuel F. B. Morse; State Geologist of Maine 1837-39; of 
 Rhode Island, 1839 ; of New Hampshire ]841-'44 ; published Report 
 on Mineral Lands of United Stales in Michigan, 1849 ; discovered 
 the anaesthetic properties of elhei , 1841-2 ; received decorations, 
 orders and honors on this discovei^- from many foreign nations and 
 learned societies. Made numerous contributions to scientific 
 transactions and journals. 
 
 1. First Report on the Geology of the State of Maine. August, 1837, 
 
 8vo., pp. 12S. [Accompanied by an atlas of twenty-four plates 
 and views.] 
 
 2. Second Eeport on the Geology of the State of 3Iaine. Augusta, 1838, 
 
 8vo., pp. 168. [This contains a treatise on Agricultural Geology; 
 embracing the geograhhical origin, distribution, chemical compo- 
 sition and capabilities of soils, p. 140-168.] 
 
 3. Third Report on the Geology of the State of Maine. Augusta, 1839, 
 
 Svo., pp. 276. [Contains: Catalogue of geographical specimens 
 in the State Cabinet, Maine; collected in the years 1836, 1837 and 
 1838, p. i-lxiv ; and a chapter on agricultural geology, p. 123-183.] 
 
 4. Dr. Jackson also issued two reports on the "Geology of the Public 
 
 Lands" belonging to the states of Maine and Massachusetts, the 
 matter in which was, in part, a duplicate of some portions of the 
 reports of the geological survey. The second report, published in 
 1838, contained 100 pages, nine plates, and an appendix of xxxvii 
 pages. 
 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 49 
 
 A copy of the atlas of plates, and also the portfolio of original sketches 
 from which the plates were made is in the State Library, Augusta. In 
 addition to the above works, Dr. Jackson published reports on the geol- 
 ogy of Rhode Island and "S'ermont, besides other important scientific 
 works. 
 
 Jordan, Whitman H. Born id Raymond, October 27, 1851. 
 Graduated from the Maine Stale College in 1P75, with the degree 
 of B. S. Principal Dennysville High School 1876-77. Post-grad- 
 uate student at Cornell University in Chemistry and Physics in 
 1877-8. Assistant in Experimental and Analytical Chemistry at 
 Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn., 1878-9. During 1879-80 
 instructor at the Maine State College. From 1881 to 1885 professor 
 of Agriculture and Agricultural Chemistry, at the Pennsylvania 
 Slate College ; Chemist to Pennsylvania State Board of 
 Agriculture, 1883-'5. Since April, 1885, Director Maine Agri- 
 cultural Experiment Station. Address: Orono. 
 
 1. Value, Production and Use of Manures. Report Maine Board of 
 
 Agriculture, 1880, p. 42-74. 
 
 2. Experiments and Investigations conducted at the Pennsylvania State 
 
 College, 1881-'2. Harrisburg, Pa., 1892, 8vo., pp. 20. 
 
 3. Agricultural Experiment work. Annual Report, Pennsylvania State 
 
 College, 1883, pp. 20. 
 
 4. Agricultural work for 1884. Report Pennsylvania State College, 
 
 1884; pp. 34. 
 
 5. On non-albuminoid nitrogen of Timothy at different stages of growth. 
 
 Report Society for the Promotion of Agricultural Science, Vol. I, 
 1882, p. 68-71. 
 
 6. The changes tliat occur in the albuminoids of silage. Proceedings of 
 
 the Socletjr for the Promotion of Agricultural Science, Phila- 
 delphia, Pa., 1884, p. 39-42. 
 
 7. Annual Report Experiment Station. Report Pennsylvania Board of 
 
 Agriculture, 1881. 
 
 8. Field Experiments with Fertilizers. Report Pennsylvania Board of 
 
 Agriculture, 1881. 
 
 9. The Maintenance of Fertility. Report Pennsylvania Board of Agri- 
 
 culture, 1882. 
 
 10. Relations of Soils and Crops to Moisture. Report Pennsylvania 
 
 Board of Agriculture, 1882. 
 
 11. Report as Chemist to the Board of Agriculture. Report Pennsyl- 
 
 vania Board of Agriculture, 1883. 
 
 12. How can our Cereal Crops be most Economically Increased. Report 
 
 Pennsylvania Board of Agriculture, 1884. 
 18. Fertility, Soil Exhaustion and Fertilizers. Report Pennsylvania 
 Board of Agriculture, 1884. 
 
50 AGRICULTUEAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 14. Plant Food. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1885, p. 52-53. 
 
 15. The Chemistry of the Silo. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 
 
 1885, p. 125-130. 
 
 16. Clover in Agriculture. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1887, 
 
 p. 132-155. 
 
 17. The Determination of the Digestibility of Feeding Stuffs. Agricul- 
 
 tural Science, Vol. I, 1887. 
 
 18. Further Remarks upon Foods and Feeding Problems. Agricultural 
 
 Science, Vol. 1, Xo. 12, 1887. 
 
 19. The Xeccssity of Caution in Agricultural Research. Agricultural 
 
 Science, Vol. 2, Xo. 10, 1888. 
 
 20. The Composition and Digestibility of Certain Cattle Foods with 
 
 some observations on the determination of the digestibility of pro- 
 tein and carbohydrates. [With J. M. Bartlett and L. H. Men-ill]. 
 Atjricultural Science, Vol. 2, Xo. 11, 1888. 
 
 21. Annual Report of the Elaine Fertilizer Control and Agricultural 
 
 Experiment Station, 18S5-'6; pp. 78. 
 
 22. Annual Report of the Elaine Fertilizer Control and Agricultural 
 
 Experiment Station, 1880-7; pp. 136. 
 
 23. Annual Report of the Maine State College Experiment Station, 1888, 
 
 pp. 1-134 and 195-203. 
 
 24. Annual Report Maine State College Experiment Station, 1890, pp. 
 
 1-78. Report of same for 1891. 
 
 25. Pennsylvania State College Bulletins, Xos. 1-6-8-11, 1882-1885. 
 
 26. Bulletins of the 31aine Agricultural Experiment Station, Xos. 2-2G ; 
 
 Second Series, Xo. l,1885-"90. 
 
 27. Feeding Value of Sliun Mill::. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 
 
 1888, p. 102-111. 
 Jliscellaneous articles in the Maine Farmer, Germantown Telegraph 
 and Philadelphia Press. Xumerous addresses at farmers' institutes in 
 Maine and Pennsylvania, which are not fully reported in the published 
 annals. 
 
 Knowlton, David H. Born in Farmington, December 21, 1844. 
 Graduated from Bowdoin College, 1869. Secretary Maine Stale 
 Pomological Society, 188 7-'9 2. Address: Farmington. 
 
 1. Editor Transactions Maine State Pomological Society, 1887-'92, 6 vols. 
 
 2. "What Man hath Done, Man may Do." Transactions Maine State 
 
 Pomological Society, 1885, p. 83-85. 
 
 3. Essay on Pomology. Transactions Maine State Pomological Society, 
 
 1886, p. 61-72. 
 
 4. Arbor Day and Its Observance. Transactions Maine State Pomologi- 
 
 cal Society, 1887, p. 59-70. 
 
 5. Field Work among the Fruits. Transactions Maine State Pomologi- 
 
 cal Society, 1888, p. 36-43. 
 
 6. The Experiment Station and Its Work. Transactions Maine State 
 
 Pomological Society, 1889. p. 108-115. 
 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 51 
 
 7. Fruit Culture — Its Possibilities in llaine. Trausaotions Maine State 
 
 Pomological Society, 18il0, p. 65-73. 
 
 8. Fruit Exhibitions. Transactions Maine State Pomological Society, 
 
 1891, p. 47-51. 
 
 Ladd, Edwin F. Born in Starks, December 13, 1859. Grad- 
 uated from Maine State College, 1S84, with degree of B. S. Assist- 
 ant Chemist to New York Agricultural Experiment at Geneva, 
 1884-'88 ; Chief Chemist to New York Experiment Station, 1888-'90. 
 Professor of Chemistry North Dakota Agricultural College, and 
 Chemist to the North Dakota Experiment Station, 1890-'92. Sec- 
 retary North Dakota State Dairymen's Association. Fellow of the 
 American Association for the Advancement of Science ; member of 
 the Society for the Promotion of Agricultural Science ; of the Amer- 
 can Chemical Society ; of the American Academy of Political and 
 Social Science ; of the Scientific Society of the Maine State College, 
 and of the New York State Dairymen's Association. Address : 
 Fargo, N. D. 
 
 1. Composition and Eelative Digestil)ility of Feeding Stuffs. American 
 
 Chemical Journal, Vol. 8, p. 1. 
 
 2. Pepsin vs. Animal Digestion. American Chemical Journal, Vol. 7, 
 
 p. 6. 
 
 3. Sugars and Starch in Fodders and their Determination. American 
 
 Chemical Journal, Vol. 10, p. 1. 
 •4. The Influence of Food on the Composition of Butter. Agricultural 
 Science, 1880, p. 251. 
 
 5. Cooked vs. Paw Food for Stock. Bulletin Xo. 5, (Xew Series), 
 
 New York'Agricultural Experiment Station, October, 1885, pp. 3. 
 
 6. Hay vs. Damaged Haj-. Bulletin No. 6, (New Series.) New York 
 
 AgriculturairExperlment Station. November 5, 1885, pp. 2. 
 
 7. InfluencCj^of Fertilizers on the Chemical Composition of Plants; 
 
 Analysis of Feeding Stufl's; Feeding and Digestion Experiments. 
 Bulletin No. 10, (New Series). New York Agricultural Experi- 
 ment Station, August, 1888, pp. 8. 
 
 8. Chemical Composition of Some Feeding Stuffs. Bulletin No. 14, 
 
 (New Series). New York Agricultural Experiment Station, Octo- 
 ber,';i888, pp. 30. [With one plate.] 
 
 9. Cattle Poods and Feeding Rations. Bulletin No. 17, (New Series). 
 
 New York Agricultural Experiment Station, October, 1889, pp. 28. 
 
 10. A Method for the Determination of Fat in ]Milk and Cream. Bulletin 
 
 No. 19, (New Series) . New York Agricultural Experiment Sta- 
 tion, June, 1890, pp. 12. [With two plates, and two folding tables.] 
 
 11. The Relative Digestibility of Feeding Stuffs. Report New York 
 
 Agricultural Experiment Station, 1885, p. 312-319. 
 
 12. Action of Phosijhoric Acid in the Soil. Report New York Agricul- 
 
 tural Experiment Station, 1885, p. 321-325. 
 
52 AGRIEULTURAL BIBLIOGKAPHT. 
 
 13. Feeds— E:nv and Cooked. Report Xew York Agricultural Experi- 
 
 ment Station, 1885, p. 320-321. 
 
 14. An Examination of Feeding Stuffs. Report Xew York Agricultural 
 
 Experiment Station, 1886, p. 358-366. 
 
 15. Albuminoid and Xon-Albubuioid Nitrogen. Report Xew York 
 
 Agricultural Experiment Station, 1886, p. 366-374. 
 
 16. Variations in the Composition of (irasses in Two Years. Report 
 
 K"ew York Agricultural Experiment Station, 1887, p. 406^11. 
 
 17. Early and Late Cut Timotlij-. Report Xew York Agricultural 
 
 Experiment Station, 1S87, p. 411^17. 
 
 18. Analysis of Hays from Different Localities. Report Xew York 
 
 Agricultural Experiment Station, 1SS7, p. 417-419. 
 Samples of Timothy from Wisconsin and Maine; the latter from the 
 farm of the State College, Orono. 
 
 19. Composition of Forage Plants. Report Xew York Agricultural 
 
 Experiment Station, 1887, p. 419-431. 
 The cactus of the genus Oinintia known as "Prickly Pear," Prickly 
 Comfrey, and various grasses. 
 
 20. ■V\Tieat and Its Products. Report Xew York Agricultural Experi- 
 
 ment Station, 1887, p. 431-437. 
 Analysis of wheat straw, wheat bran, flour, middlings, shipstuff, bran. 
 
 21. Per cent, of AVater in Some Farm Products. Report X^ew York 
 
 Agricultural Experiment Station, 1887, p. 437-440. 
 Amount of water in grasses when in full bloom; in hay; in fodder 
 corn; in corn stover; in corn meal. 
 
 22. Influence of Fertilizers upon the composition of Timothy and Clover. 
 
 Report Xew York Agricultural Exjieriment Station, 1887, p. 441-4.54. 
 
 23. Amount of Xitrogen, Phosphoric Acid and Potash removed from 
 
 the soil bv Farm Crops. Report X'ew York Agricultural Experi- 
 ment Station, 1887, p. 455-464. 
 
 24. Fodder Aualj'ses. Report Xew York Agricultural Experiment Sta- 
 
 tion, isss, p. 235-244. 
 
 25. Amount of Fertility Removed from the Soil by Crops. Report Xew 
 
 York Agricultural Experiment Station, 1888, p. 244-250. 
 
 26. Influence of Fertilizers upon the Chemical Composition of Grass. 
 
 Report X'ew York Agricultural Experiment Station, 1888, p. 250-262. 
 [AVith two plates.] 
 
 27. Results of Special Fertilizers upon Oats. Report Xew York Agri- 
 
 cultural Experiment Station, 1888, p. 202-264. 
 
 28. Changes in ilaize as it Apjiroaches Maturity. Rejjort Xew York 
 
 Agricultural Experiment Station, 1888, p. 264-265. 
 
 29. Analyses of Hays from Different Localities. Report Xew York 
 
 Agricultural Experiment Station, 1888, p. 265-267. 
 
 Hays from "Wisconsin, Maiue (farm of Maine State College, Orono), 
 
 Xew Hampshire and Xew York ; the growth of 1885, 1886, 1887. "The 
 
 variation in the composition of hays from different localities is quite 
 
 Inarked for different years, and shows that often the meteoralogical 
 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 53 
 
 influences are ;i more potent factor in detennming the quality, (n6t the 
 quantity), of a hay crop than are the fertilizers." 
 
 30. Nitrogen-freo Extract of Fodders. Eeport New Yorli Agricultural 
 
 Experiment Station, ISSS, p. 267-270. 
 
 31. Feeding Experiments with Dairy Cows. Report New York Agri- 
 
 cultural Experiment Station, ISSS, p. 270-2N4. 
 Experiments with orchard grass, corn meal, Linseed meal and wheat 
 bran; with the amount of nitrogen supplied and recovered, and the 
 amount of dung and fertilizing matter contained in the same voided by 
 the cows during the experiment. 
 
 32. Influence of Food on Milk and Butter. Eeport New York Agri- 
 
 cultural Experiment Station, ISSS, p. 284-292. 
 
 33. Feeding Exjieriments. Eeport New York Agricultural Experiment 
 
 Station, 1888, p. 292-297. 
 
 34. Corn Fodder vs. Ensilage. Kepoi-t New York Agricultural Experi- 
 
 ment Station, 1888, p. 297-299. 
 
 35. Sheep Feeding Experiment for Fat and for Lean ]Meut. Eeport New 
 
 York Agricultural Experiment Station, 1888, p. 300-302. 
 
 36. Artificial vs. .Vniraal Digestion. Report New York Agricultural 
 
 Experiment Station, 1888. p. 304-307. 
 
 37. Analyses of Fertilizers. Report New York Agricultural Experiment 
 
 Station, 1888, p. 307-315. 
 
 38. Analyses of Foods. Report New York Agricultural Experiment 
 
 Station, 1889, p. 7.8-79. 
 Nitrogen free extract of foods, its composition and digestibilitj'. 
 
 39. A Study of the Maize Plant. New York Agricultural Experiment 
 
 Station, 1889, p. 79-91. 
 The chemistry of the Maize plant through its periods of growth. 
 
 40. Cattle Foods and Feeding Rations. Eeport New York Agricultural 
 
 Experiment Station, 1889, p. 91-153. 
 The nitrogenous and carbonaceous rations, digestibility of alfalfa hay, 
 of hay-mixed grasses, of a compound ration, and influence of roots 
 on the digestibility of a ration. 
 
 41. Influence of certain Grain Foods on the Chemical Composition of 
 
 Milk. Eeport New ITork Agricultui'al Experiment Station, 1889, 
 p. 153-205. 
 
 42. Dairy Notes. Eeport Ne\\' York Agricultural Experiment Station, 
 
 1889, p. 206-214. 
 Sweet vs. ripened cream for butter; temijerature for churning; ash 
 constituents of milli and cream ; pounds of cream for one pound of butter ; 
 influence of food ou the butter; rations fed by New York dairy farmers. 
 
 43. Artificial vs. Animal Digestion. American Chemical Journal, Vol. 
 
 xi, 1889, p. 169. 
 
 44. Estimation of Sugar, Starch and Ash constituents in Fodder. Jour- 
 
 nal Analytical Chemistry, Vol. ii, 1888, p. 145. 
 
 45. Some Changes in Timothy Grass as it approaches Maturity. Agri- 
 
 cultural Science, Vol. i, 1887, p. 221. 
 
54 AGRICtTLTUEAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 46. Need for more thorough Meteorological and Climatic Studies. Agri- 
 
 cultural Scieuce, 1890, Vol. x, p. 36. 
 
 47. Silage vs. Dry Fodder. Society for the Promotion of Agricultural 
 
 Science, 1890, p. 29. 
 
 48. Digestion Experiments. Society for the Promotion of Agricultural 
 
 Science, 1888, p. 96. 
 
 49. Eational System of Stock Feeding. Report Xew Yorli State Agri- 
 
 cultural Society, 1888. 
 
 50. Investigations upon ^laize. Journal of American Chemical Society 
 
 Vol. 12, Xo. 8, 1890. 
 
 51. Sugar Beets. Bulletin Xo. 5, Xorth Daliota Experiment Station, 
 
 February 1892, pp. 50. 
 
 52. Wheat Growing and Dairying for North Dakota. Bulletin Xo. 8, 
 
 North Dakota Experiment Station, December, 1802, ijp. 14. 
 
 Lang, John Wilson. Born in Brooks, September 23, 1840. 
 Educated in common schools. Served in Ninth Maine Regiment 
 1864-5, in Virginia and North Carolina. Agricultural editor Re- 
 publican Journal, Belfast, 1869-72 ; of Dirigo Rural, Bangor, 1875 ; 
 of Eastern State, Dexter, 1383-'5, of American Sentinel, Bath, 
 1887~'89. One of the editors of Maine Journal of EJucation, 
 Portland, 1873. Published the Farmers' Exchange, Brooks, for six 
 months, 1873. Member of Maine Board of Agriculture, 1871-'74. 
 Secretarj' Maine Dairymen's Association, 1874--'79. Address: 
 Bowdoinham. 
 
 1. Sm'vey of Waldo County: Historical, Physical, Agricultural. 
 
 Augusta, 1873, 8vo., pp. 131. 
 
 2. Wants and Resources of !Maine Agriculture. Report MaineBoard of 
 
 Agriculture, 1873, p. 62-74. 
 
 3. Dairy Interests of !Maine. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1873, 
 
 p. 354-361. Same, Part II, 1874, p. 169-'74. Same, Part II, 1875, 
 p. 190-203. 
 
 4. Fai-ming as a Profession. Report Elaine Board of Agriculture, 1874, 
 
 p. 94-103. 
 5.^ Adaptabilitj- of Maine to Dairying. Report Maine Board of Agricul- 
 ture, 1876, Part II, p. 259-267. 
 
 6. Feeding Dairy Cows. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1877, 
 
 Part II, p. 130-135. 
 
 7. Dairy Interests of Waldo County. Report Maine Board of Agricul- 
 
 ture, 1882, p. 162-166. 
 
 8. Ourj Worn Lands. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1883, p. 
 
 199-207. 
 
 9. Fruit Culture in ^Maine. Transactions Maine State Pomological 
 
 Society, 1884, p. 30-36. 
 10. Practical Co-operation. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1886, 
 p. 81-94. 
 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 55 
 
 11. Fruit Culture in Sagadahoc County. Transactions Maine State 
 
 Pomological Society, 1886, p. 110-1'21. 
 
 12. "History and Culture of the Potato. E(.>port ISTew Hampshire Board 
 
 of Agiiculture, 1872, p. .S03-323. 
 
 13. Value of Insect-Eatiug Birds. Eeport New Hampshire Board of 
 
 Agriculture, 1873, p. 297-314. 
 
 14. Sheep, ■3\^ool and Mutton. Eeport New Hampshire Board of Agri- 
 
 culture, 1874, p. 179-192. 
 
 Edited First, Second, Third and Fourth Eeports of Maine Dairymen's 
 Association, published in Eeport of Maine Board of Agriculture for the 
 years 1874, 1875 and 1877. 
 
 In addition to the above the agricultural reports of Maine contain 
 many shorter articles from Mr. Lang's pen, while he has been a contri- 
 butor to the leading agricultural journals of the State and country, for 
 many years. 
 
 Matthews, S. W. Born ia Hampden, May 31, 1832. Grad- 
 uated from Waterviile College, (now Colby University), 1854. 
 Assistant Assessor of Internal Revenue ; Deputy Collector of Cus- 
 toms ; editor of newspapers nine years ; member of the House of 
 Representatives in 1^73 ; Commissioner of Maine Bureau of Indus- 
 trial and Labor Statistics, 1885--'92. Address: Augusta. 
 
 1. Our Abandoned Farms. Eeport Bureau of Industrial and Labor 
 
 Statistics, 1890, p. 93-135. 
 
 2. The Canning Industry of Maine. Eeport Bureau of Industrial and 
 
 Labor Statistics, 1892, pp. 32-35. 
 More canned goods are packed in the State of jNIaine than in any other 
 state of the Union. Corn, beans, squash, pumpkin, apple,berries, jellies, 
 •condensed milk, are among the products of the canning industry of 
 the State. Eeturns from 64 corn packing factories in 1891 show that 
 they packed the product of 9312 acres of sweet corn, and employed 
 eight thousand persons. The total pack of these factories was 13,161,028 
 «ans. 
 
 Mattocks, Charles P. Born in Danville, Vt., October 11, 1840, 
 and has lived in Maine since he was ten yeais old. Graduated from 
 Bowdoin College in 1862, and from the Harvard Law School, 1867. 
 Immediately upon graduating from Bowdoin he entered the 17th 
 Maine Regiment as First Lieutenant and participated in all the bat- 
 tles of the Army of the Potomac from the first battle of Fredericks- 
 burg until the surrender of Lee, with the exception of nine months 
 spent in rebel prison. For gallantry brevetted througli all grades to 
 Brigadier General. County Attorney of Cumberland 1870-'73. 
 Colonel of State Militia, 1879. Member of House of Representa- 
 tives, 1883-'85. A lawyer having a large practice. Proprietor of 
 
56 AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 "Riverside Farm," East Baldwin, one of the most celebrated breed- 
 ing farms of thoroughbred live stock, Jdrsej's, Cotswolds and Berk- 
 shires, in the State. President of Winslow Packing Company, 
 operating in some years as man}' as fifteen corn packing factories. 
 Executive Commissioner of Board of Columbian "World's Fair Man- 
 agers for Maine. Address: Portland. 
 
 1. Cotswold Sheep : Their History, Breeding and Management. Chi- 
 cago, 1878. Large 4vo, pp. 9. Illustrated. 
 
 Indroductory essay to American Cotswold Record, Vol. I. 
 
 Regarded as an authority on the history and characteristics of this 
 hreed of sheep, hy all American and Canadian breeders. 
 
 Maine. 
 
 Present Condition of the State. Its Agricultural, Financial, Commer- 
 cial and Manufacturing Development. Advantages of the State as a 
 Summer I'esort. Augusta, 1885, 8vo., pp. 40. 
 
 The chapter on agricultural condition, pages 7-11. 
 
 Maine Experiment Station. The Maine Fertilizer Control and 
 Agricultural Experiment Station was established by act of the Legis- 
 lature approved March 3, 1885. It contemplated two lines of work : 
 First, in reference to the inspection and analysis of feitilizers; 
 second, that of experiment and investigation. From the organiza- 
 tion of the Station in April, till Jul}' 1st, 1885, Prof. Walter 
 Balenline was acting Director. Prof. W. H Jordan was elected 
 Director and assumed the duties in July, 1885, and has continued 
 in that position to the present time. The Station existed as a State 
 institution till the Hatch Bill, passed by Congress March 2, 1887, 
 became a law, viz: October 1, 1887, when a state law went into 
 effect repealing the law creating the Station. From that time it 
 has existed as the "Maine State College Agricultural Experiment 
 Station," under the provisions, and by virtue of the apptopriations, 
 authorized by the Hatch Bill of 1887. As a State institution the 
 Station published three reports, and twenty bulletins, the latter 
 having been published only in the agricultural journals of the State. 
 
 1. Report of the Maine Fertilizer Control and ^Agricultural Experiment 
 
 Station, 1885. Augusta, 1885, 8vo., pp. 23. 
 Contains : Analysis of Fertilizers for the months of April-June, 1885, 
 and law establishing the station. 
 
 2. Annual Report, 1885-'6. Augusta, 1886, 8vo., pp. 87. 
 
 Contains : Report on Inspection and Valuation of Fertilizers, p. 9^1. 
 The Manure Residue of Corn Meal and of Cotton-Seed Meal, p. 42-46. 
 Composition of Cattle Foods, p. 47-53. 
 
> 
 r 
 
 o 
 
 hi 
 
 o 
 o 
 
 f— I 
 
 >^ 
 ^3 
 6=J 
 
 H 
 I— I 
 O 
 
 !2; 
 
BIBLIOGRAniY. 57 
 
 Digestion Experiments, p. 53-G4. 
 
 Digestibility of Timothy Hiiy :ind tlie Maize Kornel. 
 
 Feeding Cotton-Seed Meal for Milk and Butter Production, p. 65-72. 
 
 On Feeding Steers for Growtli, p. 73-78. 
 
 3. Annual Report, 188G-'7. Augusta, 1887, 8vo., pp. 145. 
 
 Contains : History and Analyses of Samples of Fertilizers collected in 
 1887, p. 8-40. 
 
 Relative ilanurial Value of Cotton-Seed Jleal and Linseed Meal, p. 40-41. 
 
 Experiments with Fertilizers at the Station. Field experiments with 
 fertilizers at the Station, showing the comparative production from 
 different forms of phosphoric acid ; the profitable quantity of commercial 
 fertilizers to use, and results of field trials of fertilizers by farmers in 
 diflerent parts of the State, p. 41-64. 
 
 Analyses of Feeding Stuffs, Analyses of Timothy hay, clovor hay, 
 oat straw, potatoes, cottonseed meal, linseed meal, patent cotton food, 
 heef scraps, pork scraps, dried blood, whole corn and meal, corn meal 
 and corn-and-oob meal, rations for poultry raising, p. 64-100. 
 
 Dairy Products. The effect of the temperature at wliich the milk is 
 set upon the volume of cream ; upon quantities of cream ; upon the com- 
 position of the cream ; upon the amount of cream for a pound of butter ; 
 to the residue of fat left in tlie skimmed milk after different periods 
 of setting, and comparative ^leights of night's and morning's milk, 
 p. 107-119. 
 
 Analytical and Experimental Methods at the Station, p. 12.3-136. 
 
 4. Annual Report of the Maine State College Exijeriment Station, 
 
 18SS. Augusta, 1889, 8vo., pp. 223. Contains: 
 Report on Inspection of Fertilizers offered for Sale in 1SS8, p. 27-60. 
 Analyses of Muck, p. 61-63. 
 Box Experiments with Fertilizers, p. 64-66. 
 Field Experiments -with Fertilizers by Farmers, p. G7-81. 
 Foods, p. 81-90. 
 
 Digestion Experiments, p. 90-100. 
 "Whole Corn vs. Corn Meal, p. 101. 
 
 The Compounding of Rations for the Difl'erent Classes of Farm Ani- 
 mals, p. 102-110. 
 
 Composition of American Feeding Stuff's, p. 111-122. 
 Experiments with Potatoes, Oats, Barley and Peas, p. 123-134. 
 Experiments in the Improvement of Plants by Seed-Selection, p. 135- 
 
 147. 
 Potato Scab, p. 148-149. 
 
 The Apple Scab, p. 149-151. 
 
 Injurious Insects, p. 151-195. 
 
 Describes the round-headed apple tree borer; flat-lieaded apple tree 
 borer ; oyster-shell bark-louse ; apjale tree tent caterpillar ; forest tent cater- 
 pillar ; fall canker worm ; eye-spotted bud-moth ; apple tree aphis ; cod- 
 ling moth; apple maggot; ash-gray jDinion; pear tree slug; plum cur- 
 calio ; cherry tree plant louse ; imjjorted currant worm ; white scale ; 
 
58 AGRICULTUEAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 black swallow tail ; eyed elator ; hawthorn tingis ; mourning cloak butter- 
 fly ; meal worm ; spraying trees. [With thirty-four figures.] 
 Protein Digestion, p. 195-203. 
 
 5. Annual Report of Maine State College Experiment Station for 1889. 
 Bangor, 1890, 8vo., pp. 294. Contains : 
 Inspection of Fertilizers, p. 1-35. 
 Experiments with Cattle Foods, p. 37-68. 
 
 Feeding Experiments, p. 69-84. 
 
 Feeding Experiments with Swine, p. 85-105. 
 
 A study of Dairy Products, p. l')6-134. 
 
 Being the results of tests with several different breeds of dairy cows. 
 
 Experiments with Fertilizers, p. 135-144. 
 
 Being the results of both pot experiments and field experiments by 
 farmers in diiferent parts of the State. 
 
 Germination Experiments, p. 149-160. 
 
 Experiments with Forage Plants, p. 161-169. 
 
 Injurious Plants, p. 170-187. 
 
 The potato rot ; apple scab; false flax; rib-grass. [With two plates.] 
 
 The Apple Maggot. [With three plates, embracing twenty figures.] 
 p. 190-241. 
 
 Insecticides, p. 242-254. 
 
 Fruit Tests, p. 255-256. 
 
 Keport of Veterinarian, Dr. F. L. Eussell, p. 257-266, contains : 
 
 Hog Cholera ; parturient apoplexy. 
 6. Report for 1890. Bangor, 1891, 8 vo. pp. 162, contains : 
 
 Inspection of Fertilizers, p. 1-16. 
 
 Tests of Dairy Cows, p. 17-51. 
 
 Relates to cost of food ; yield of milk solids ; cost of milk ; composi- 
 tion of milk ; food value of waste products of the dairy ; loss of fat in 
 waste products ; mechanical loss of butter fat ; eflect of a delay in set- 
 ting milk ; mineral ingredients of milk. 
 
 Relative Yield of Digestible Material in Early Cut and Late Cut Tim- 
 othy Hay, p. 65-67. 
 
 Feeding Experiments with Colts, p. 68-70. 
 
 Feeding Experiments with Steers, p. 71-74. 
 
 Feeding Experiments with Different Breeds of Swine, p. 75-78. 
 
 Fertilizer Experiments, p. 71-106. 
 
 Relates to the efiect of difterent forms and mixtures of fertilizers; 
 systems of manuring, and field tests of fertilizers by farmers in diflerent 
 parts of the State. 
 
 Tests of Vai-ieties of Beans, Sweet Corn, Peas, Beets, Squash and 
 Pumpkins, p. 102-103. 
 
 Report of Botanist and Entomologist, Prof. F. L. Harvey, p. 105-139. 
 [With two plates and twelve illustrations.] 
 
 Embraces germination experiments ; experiments with corrosive sub- 
 limate ; spraying for apple scob ; Paris green for potato beetles ; causes 
 of potato scab ; strawberries ; rib grass, or English plaintain ; fall dande- 
 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 59 
 
 lion ; the oecropia emperor moth ; the white-marked tussocl?-moth ; fall 
 webb-worm ; eye-spotted bud moth ; -woolly-louse of the apple tree ; red- 
 humped apple tree caterpillar ; fall canker-worm ; forest caterpillar. 
 
 Fruit Tests, p. 140. 
 
 Report of Meteorologist, Dr. M. C. Fernald, p. 141-157. 
 7. Eeport for 1891. Bangor, 1SSJ2, 8vo., pp. 21,3. [Witli thirteen 
 plates.] Contains : 
 
 Results of Inspection of Fertilizer, p. 1-20. 
 
 Description of the Station Equipment, p. 21-28. 
 
 Digestion experiments, p. 29-40. [Appendix, p. 3-9.] 
 
 Embraces the tests of digestibility of Hungarian grass; Hungarian 
 hay; corn fodder; Timothy hay; various roots; gluten meal; wheat 
 bran. 
 
 The production of Food Material by Various Fodder and Root Crops, 
 p. 41-16. 
 
 Turnips as Food for Sheep, p. 47-.52. 
 
 An Experiment in Producing Growth in Lambs, p. .53-57. 
 
 Feeding Experiment with Colts, p. 58-61. 
 
 Influence of Food upon the Quality of Butter, p. 62-69. 
 
 The Babcock Milk Test adapted to Cream, p. 71-80. 
 
 Report of the Horticulturist, Prof. ^y. M. Munson, p. 81-122. 
 
 Embraces notes on cabbages ; on tomatoes ; on egg-plants ; fruit tests ; 
 spraying for codling moth ; spraying for apple scab, [with three figures] ; 
 spraying apparatus ; [formulas and modes of application.] 
 
 Fertilizer Experiments, p. 123-144. 
 
 Growing Mixed Grains comiiared with growing Grains Separately, p. 
 144-145. 
 
 Tj-ials of Spring and Fall Manuring, p. 146. 
 
 Field Trials of Fertilizers by Farmers in different parts of the State, 
 p. 146-153. 
 
 Report of Meteorologist, Dr. M. C. Fernald, p. 155-174. 
 
 Report of Botanist and Entomologist, Prof. F. L. Harvey, p. 175-207. 
 [With one plate and thirteen figures.] 
 
 Embraces report on plants received for examination ; hawk moths ; 
 cut-worms ; goldsmith beetle ; remedies for borers. 
 
 Bulletins Nos. 1 to 20 were published in the agricultural journals of 
 the State from May 18, 1885, to May 13, 1887. Nos. 1 to 5, inclusive, of 
 this series were reprinted in a pamphlet of 15 pages, 8vo. Nos. 6 to 20 
 inclusive were issued on slips. 
 
 Bulletin No. 21 is out of print. 
 
 Bulletin No. 22, March, 1888, [Organization of the Station], pp. 8. 
 
 Bulletin No. 23, April, 1888, [analysis and valuation of fertilizers], 
 pp. 16. 
 
 Bulletin No. 24, May, 1888, [tests of potatoes, oats, barley and peas ; 
 and germination and purity of seed], pp. 10. 
 
 Bulletin No. 25, August, 1888, [analyses of commercial fertilizers], pp. 8. 
 
60 AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 Bulletin Xo. 26, October, 1888, [composition and digestibllitj- of cer- 
 tain cattle foods], pp. 16. 
 
 Bulletin Xo. 1, Second Series, May, 1889, [analyses of fertilizers for 
 1889], pp. 4. 
 
 Bulletin No. 2, Second Series, [the apple maggot and potato rot, by 
 Prof. F. L. Harvey], pp. 7. 
 
 Bulletin No. 3, Second Series, September, 1891, [the Babcock milk 
 test adapted to testing cream], pp. 8. [With one plate.] 
 
 Maine State Grange. The Maine State Grange, Patrons of 
 Husbandry was organized at Lewistoo, April 21-22, 1874. Its sec- 
 retaries have been : J. M. Jackson, Lewiston, 1874-80 ; Daniel 
 M. Hall, Bangor, 1881-85 ; Fredeiick A. Allen, Auburn Plains, 
 
 1886-'92. 
 
 1. Journal of Proceedings, First Annual Session, Lewiston, 1874; and 
 
 Second Annual Session, Bangor, 1875. Lewiston, 1876, Svo. pp. 51. 
 
 2. Third Annual Session, AVaterville, 1876. Lewiston, 1877, Svo. pp. 
 
 45. 
 
 3. Fourth Annual Session, Saco, 1877. Bangor, 1878, pp. 36. 
 
 4. Filth Annual Session, Gardiner, 1878. Bangor, 1879, 8vo. pp. 40. 
 
 5. Sixth Anuual Session, Portland, 1879. Bangor, 1880, Svo. pp. 40. 
 
 6. Seventh Annual Session, ^Vaterville, 1880. Bangor, 1881, 8vo. pp. 
 
 38. 
 
 7. Eighth Anuual Session, Augusta, 1881. Bangor, 1882, 12 mo. pp. 52. 
 
 8. Ninth Annual Session, Lewiston, 1882. Bangor, 1883, 12 mo. pp. 44. 
 
 9. Tenth Annual Session, Bangor, 1883. Bangor, 1884, 12 mo. pp. 88. 
 
 10. Eleventh Annual Session, Houlton, 1884. Augusta, 1885, 12 mo. pp. 
 
 80. 
 
 11. Twelfth Annual Session. Augusta, 1885. Farmington, 1886. 12mo., 
 
 pp. 72. 
 
 12. Thirteenth Annual Session. Augusta, 1886. Lewiston, 1887. 
 
 12mo., 74. 
 
 13. Fourteenth Annual Session. Skowhegan, 1887. Lewiston, 1888. 
 
 12mo., pp. 84, 
 
 14. Fifteenth Annual Session. Bangor, 1888. Lewiston, 1889. 12mo., 
 
 pp. 72. 
 
 15. Sixteenth Annual Session. Belfast, 1889. Lewiston, 1890. 12mo., 
 
 pp. 72. 
 
 16. Seventeenth Annual Session. Lewiston, 1890. Lewiston, 1891. 
 
 12mo., pp. 70. 
 
 17. Eighteenth Annual Session. Skowhegan, 1891. Lewiston, 1892. 
 
 12mo., pp. 72. 
 
 18. Nineteenth Annual Session. Lewiston, 1892. Lewiston, 1893. 
 
 12mo., pp. 82. 
 
 At the close of the year 1892, there were 214 subordinate granges 
 in Maine having a membership of 16,330. There were also seven- 
 
f 
 >■ 
 w 
 o 
 
 > 
 
 o 
 
 o 
 
 S3 
 
 
 O 
 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 61 
 
 teen County or Pomona Granges. The published Journal of Pro- 
 ceedings contain many innportant annual addresses by the State 
 Masters, Nelson Ham, D. H. Thing, Frederick Robie, Rufus Prince, 
 M. B. Hunt ; and valuable reports on grange work, agricultural 
 educatiou, taxation, general agricultural work of the State and mat- 
 ters of domestic economy. Tue State Grange also publishes an 
 annual Register of Granges with a list of officers, and has issued 
 several circulars and reports relating to grange principles and work, 
 for general circulation. 
 
 Maine State Pomological Society. The Maine State Pomo- 
 logical Society was incorported by the Legislature of Maine in 1873, 
 its act of incorporation having been approved February 17, of that 
 year. Its first annual report was published in 1874 and contained 
 an important and interesting historical introduction from the pen of 
 its first secretarjs Hon. Geo. B. Sawyer of Wiscasset. This em- 
 braced a history of the fruits indigenous to Maine ; history of 
 orcharding in Maine ; a fac simile of the first catalogue of nursery 
 trees issued in this State, (by Ephriam Goodale of Buckstown now 
 Orrington, as early as 1804), history of the old Maine Pomological 
 and Horticultural Society organized in 1847, and of other associated 
 efforts in behalf of pomology in this State. The six annual reports, 
 1873 to 1878, inclusive, are usually found bound up in one volume, 
 although all were issued for separate years and a few copies of each 
 were bound in cloth. For the years 1879, 1880 and 1881 no reports 
 were published. The State having refused the publication of the 
 reports for those years the society sought to procure the printing of 
 the transactions by private means. Copy was furnished to a printer 
 in Biddeford, and 128 pages of a volume embracing the above named 
 three years' work of the society were printed ; but the volume was 
 never completed or distributed. This report so far as printed em- 
 braced the following lectures and papers : 
 
 The Apple Tree Borer. By John E. Bennoch of Orono, p. 30-39. 
 
 Orcharding in Washington County. By H. A. Sprague of Charlotte, 
 p. 39-44. 
 
 Cranberry Culture. By Alfred Smith of Monmouth, p. 45-46, 
 
 Apples in their Commercial Aspect. By E. H. Gardiner of Gardiner, 
 p. 46^8. 
 
 Orchard Management. By Joseph Taylor of Belgrade, p. 48-55. 
 
 The Codling Moth. By S. C. Harlow of Bangor, p. 55-60. 
 
 Tree Fruits for Northern Maine. By T. H. Hoskins, Newport, Vt., 
 p. 60-64. 
 
62 AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 The Profits of Orcharding as Compared with General Farming. By 
 W. P. Atherton of Hallowell, p. 69-77. 
 Varieties of Apples for Maine. By W. P. Atherton, p. 99-117. 
 
 In 1883 the publications of the society were again resumed as 
 formerly, the title of the volume being changed from "Report" to 
 "Transactions" which has since been uniformly followed. A yearly 
 volume has been issued from 1882 to 1892. The Secretaries of the 
 society have been as follows : 
 
 1873-"84 : George B. Sawj-er, Wiseasset. 
 1885-"86 : Samuel L. Boardman, Augusta. 
 1887-"92 : D. H. Knowlton, Faraiington. 
 
 Below is given a list of the volumes with plates of Maine fruits 
 and reference to the more important contents not catalogued in the 
 general bibliography : 
 
 1873 : pp. 127, contains : 
 
 Manure for Orchards. By "Wasliington Gilbert, p. 69-91. 
 
 1874 : pp. 146, Plate of the Goodale Pear, originated in Saco. Con- 
 tains : 
 
 Catalogue of Fruits of the State of Maine, p. 108-138. 
 
 1875 : pp. 176, contains : 
 
 Orcharding as a Business. By Alfred Smith, p. 40-.54. 
 
 Cherries in Maine. By Granville Fernald, p. 64-93. 
 
 Maine Fmits at the Centennial Exposition, 1876, p. 104-116. 
 
 1876 : pp. 165. Plates of residence and grounds of the late Dr. J. C. 
 Weston, Bangor. Contains : 
 
 Fruit Growing in Monmouth. By G. H. Andrews, p. 89-92. 
 
 Fruit Growing in Connection with General Farming. By Joseph Tay- 
 lor, p. 92-104. 
 
 1877 ■ pp. 112. Plate of the Starkey apple, originated in Vassalboro. 
 Contains : 
 
 The Kenovation of Old Orchards. By W. P. Atherton, p. 45-56. 
 
 Nurseries in Maine, p. 74-80. 
 
 1878 : pp. 28. 
 
 1882: pp. 120. Contains: 
 
 Eeport on Russian Fruits. By Charles Gibb. 
 
 1883 : pp. 112. Contains : 
 
 Experience in Orcharding and Its Lessons. By Rufus Prince, p. 32-38. 
 
 Orcharding in Franklin County. By S. R. Leland, p. 45-47. 
 
 Growing Apples for Profit. By D. J. Briggs, p. 48-52. 
 
 Fruit Growing in Piscataquis County. By^H. L. Leland, p. 52-54. 
 
 1884: pp. 100. Contains: 
 
 The Nursery Business in Maine. By VT. P. Atherton, p. 45-56. 
 
 Maine Fruits at the Cotton Centennial Exposition, New Orleans, p. 
 59-63. 
 
 1885 : pp. 167. Contains : 
 
BIBLIOGBAniY. 63 
 
 The Climatic Line of Fruit Culture in Maine. By W. P. Atherton, p. 
 85-91. 
 
 Can the Codling Motli be Trapped? By S. C. Harlow, p. 97-100. 
 
 1886: pp. 186. Poitrait of the Hon. Kobert Hallowell Gardiner, for- 
 merly President of the Society ; Portrait of Marshall P. "Wilder ; plate of 
 the Boardinan apple, originated in Favmington. Contains : 
 
 Exjierience in Orcharding and Maiketing the Fruit. By P. "Whittier, 
 p. 35-10. 
 
 Twenty j-ears' Experience and what I have Learned. By W. P. 
 Atherton, p. 81-85. 
 
 Propagation and Culture of the Plum. By J. E. Bennoch, p. 128-130. 
 
 1887: pp. 164. Plate of Dudley's AVinter Apple, originated in Castle 
 Hill, Aroostook County. Contains : 
 
 ISTotes on Plum Culture. By D. P. True, p. 40-50. 
 
 Insects Injurious to Fruits. By Carl Braun, p. 77-87. 
 
 Small Fruits and their Culture. By P. 31. Augur, p. 105-120. 
 
 18S8 : pp. 148. Plate of the Kolfe Apple, originated in Guilford. 
 Contains : 
 
 Diseases attacking our Fruits. By S. T. ^layuard, p. 48-59. 
 
 Money in Small Fruits. By J. H. Hale, p. 70-90. 
 
 Kcvised Fruit List for Maine, p. 113-120. 
 
 1889 : pp. 172. Colored plate of the Kussell apple, originated in 
 Farmington. Portrait of Peter Henderson. Contains : 
 
 Pear Culture. By C. M. "Weston, p. 48-51. 
 
 The Dietetics of Fruit. By C. D. Smith, M. D., p. 58-77. 
 
 Some Fungous Diseases of Fruits. By Prof. F. L. Harvejr, p. 88-107. 
 [With one plate] 
 
 Maine Fruit at the Bay State Fair, p. 129-130. 
 
 1890 : pp. 152. Contains : 
 
 Eesults of Spraying. By S. C. Harlow, p. 58-63. 
 
 Fruit Eaisiug in Aroostook County. By James Xutting, p. 73-74. 
 
 Strawberry and Small Fruit Culture. By S. H. Dawes, p. 8"I-90. 
 
 Varieties of Strawberries and Marketing. By "Willis A. Luce, p. 91-02. 
 
 Horticultural work at the Maine Experiment Station. By Prof. "W. M. 
 Munson, p. 115-116. 
 
 1891 : pp. 137. Contains. 
 
 Pear Culture. By S. H. Dawes, p. 64-70. 
 
 Experiments in Spraying. By Prof. W. M. Munson, p. 71-85. 
 
 Maine Apples in the English Market. By Edward Peake, p. 92-94. 
 
 McKeen, B. "Walker. Born in Fryeburg, March 9, 1849. A 
 teacher of experience and largely intarested in educational progress. 
 Agricultural editor of the Oxford Democrat from January 8, 1884 to 
 March 9, 1886. Secretary of the West Oxford Agricultural Society 
 from October 6, 1886 to December 8, 1692. Member of the Maine 
 
64 AGKICnLTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 Board of Agriculture, 1888 to 1892 ; president of the Board, 1891 ; 
 elected Secretary' of the Board, January, 1892. Address : Augusta. 
 
 1. Editor, Agriculture of Maine 1891-'92, 2 vols. 
 
 2. Sweet Corn Culture. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1887, p. 
 
 53-62. 
 
 3. Stock Feeding and Its Relations to the Fertility of the Farm. 
 
 Report Maine Beard of Agriculture, 1888, p. 169-178. 
 
 4. Importance of Specialties in Farming. Report Maine Board of Agri- 
 
 culture, 1889, p. 121-135. 
 
 5. Business Farming. Report ilaine Board of Agriculture, 1890, p. 96- 
 
 108. 
 
 Memorial of the Maine State Ai^ricultural Society for the adop- 
 tion of Measures for the Settlement and Sale of the Public Lands of 
 Maine. Augusta, 1858, 8vo., pp. 27. 
 
 Merrill, Lucius H. Born in Aubnrn, October 11, 1857. Grad- 
 uated at Maine State College, 1883. For two years assistant in the 
 United States National Museum ; since 1886 Chemist at Maine Ex- 
 periment Station. Address : Orono. 
 
 1. Fodder analysis, artificial digestion, log? of nitrogen from nitrogen- 
 
 ous Superphosphates, Method for Phosphoric Acid. Report Maine 
 Experiment Station, 1888, p. 210-213. 
 
 2. Co-efficients of Digestibilitj- for Protein. Report Maine Experiment 
 
 Station, 1889, p. -JS-l-iSo. 
 
 3. The Mineral Ingredients of Milk. Report Maine Experiment Station, 
 
 1890, p. 52-57. 
 
 4. The Fat Globules of Milk. Report Maine Ex-periment Station, 1890, 
 
 p. 58. 
 The greater part of tlie ^vorkof Prof. Merrill performed at the Station, 
 appears in the general report of the Director. 
 
 Merritt, E. W. Has published at Houlton an annual "Guide 
 to Fruit Culture," from 1876 to 1892. Later numbers contain lists 
 of fruits adapted to Aroostook County and similar high latitudes, 
 with much information specially useful to fruit growers in that sec- 
 tion. The Massachusetts Horticultural Society- regards this little 
 annual guide and catalogue of so important a nature as to be pre- 
 served in a full set in its library. 
 
 MuNsoN, Welton Marks, M. S. Graduated at Michigan Agri- 
 cultural College in class of 1888. Assistant Horticulturist Experi- 
 ment Station of Cornell University, 1888-90 ; Professor of 
 Horticulture, Maine State College, and Horticulturist to the Maine 
 State College Experiment Station, since 1891. Address: Orono. 
 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 65 
 
 1. Horticultural Work at the Maine Experiment Station. Transactions 
 
 Maine State Pomological Society, 1890, p. 115-116. 
 
 2. Experiments in Spraying. Transactions Maine State Pomological 
 
 Society, 1891, p. 71-85. 
 
 [See also, Report Maine State College Experiment Station, 1891, 
 
 p. 99-121.] 
 
 3. Report as Horticulturist to Maine State College Experiment Station, 
 
 1891, p. 81-122. Contains: Equipment of the Station; Notes on 
 Cabbages ; Notes on Tomatoes , Notes on Egg Plants ; Fruit Tests ; 
 Experiments in Spraying. 
 
 4. Preliminary Notes on the Secondary Effects of Pollination. Report 
 
 Maine State College Experiment Station, 1892, p. 29-58. [With one 
 plate and sixteen illustrations.] 
 
 5. Report as Horticulturist to Maine State College Experiment Station, 
 
 1892, p. 59-98. [With one plate and seventeen illustrations.] 
 Contains : Notes on Cabbages ; Notes on Tomatoes ; Notes on Egg 
 
 Plants; Fruit Tests; Spraying Experiments. 
 
 Packard, Cyrus A. Born in Hebron, December 22, 1822. 
 Graduated at Foxcroft Academy, 1840. Address : Blanchard. 
 
 1. Reports as Land Agent of Maine from 1880 to 1891, pp. 232. 
 
 2. First Annual Report of tlie Forest Commissioner of the State of 
 
 Maine. Augusta, 1891, 8vo. pp. 78. Contains: 
 
 Act Creating Forest Commissioner of Maine for the Protection of For- 
 ests. 
 
 Importance of Pi'otecting our Forests. 
 
 Returns of Selectmen, County Commissioners and Fire Wardens. 
 
 Preservation of our Forests. By Prof. F. L. Harvey, p. 29-tl. 
 
 The Relation and Importance of our Forests to Summer Tourists and 
 Sportsmen. By George F. Godfrey, p. 42-44. 
 
 Economical Cutting of our Forests. By Wilson Crosby, p. 45-50. 
 
 Forest Planting and Municipal Ownership of Forest Lands. By George 
 F. Talbot, p. 51-60. 
 
 The Depreciation of our Forest Growth and its Eftects upon our Vari- 
 ous Industries. By .John E. Hobbs. p. 61-78. 
 
 Packard, Alpheus Spring. Bom in Brunsvrick, February 19, 
 1839. Graduated at Bowdoin College, 1861. On leaving college 
 he at once became a volunteer assistant in the Maine Geological 
 Survey. Meanwhile his interest in entomology, which has since 
 become his life work, had already manifested itself, and during 
 August and September, 1861, he collected insects on the Penobscot 
 and Alleguash rivers, a description of which he furnished to the 
 "Eeport of the Maine Board of Agriculture." This and other 
 writings, including one on "How to Observe and Collect Insects," 
 must have attracted Agassiz's attention, for Packard was sent for, 
 
66 AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 and to Cambridge he went. For three years he studied natural 
 history, and during 1863-4 he was Agassiz's private assistant. He 
 also studied medicine, and in 1864 was graduated at the Maine 
 Medical College, and in October went with the First Maine Veteran 
 Volunteers to the front, and served with the Sixth Corps in Army 
 of the Potomac until mustered out in July, 1865. Turning to 
 science, he became acting custodian and librarian of the Boston 
 Society of Natural History, which place he relinquished in 1867 to 
 join Putnam, Hyatt, and Morse in Salem. There he was one of the 
 founders of the Peabody Academy of Sciences, and one of its cur- 
 ators, also aiding in the establishment of the American Naturalist, 
 of which he was editor-in-chief until 1886. He founded a summer 
 school of biology in Salem, and wasoneof the iastructorsin Agassiz's 
 Science School at Penekese in 1873-1. For eleven years he con- 
 tinued in Salem, but in 1878 he accepted the chair of zoology and 
 geology in Brown University, Providence, where he has since 
 remained. He had, however, previovsly lectured on entomology 
 at the Massachusetts Agricultural College and at Bowdoin College, 
 besides having had charge of the entomology of the United States 
 Geological and Geographical Survey when under Dr. Ferdinand 
 V. Hayden ; and during 1871-3 he was State Entomologist of Mas- 
 sachusetts. Dr. Packard was a member of the United States 
 Entomological Commission during its existence in 1877-82, and 
 made for it in the earlier years extensive excursions in the Western 
 and Pacific States and Territories, while in the latter years he con- 
 tributed largely to the three volumes of its reports. As early as 
 1863 he proposed a new classification of insects, which has since 
 been generally adopted both in Europe and America. He discov- 
 ered the morphology and mode of development of the ovipositor 
 and sting of insects, and has studied their external anatomy. His 
 contributions to the natural history of the limulus, including the 
 development and anatomy of the brain and nervous system of Crus- 
 tacea and insects, have received the highest praise Like his 
 associates, he became a prominent advocate of the evolution theory, 
 accepting the views both of Lamarck and Darwin, but not to the 
 exclusion of either. In the introduction to the Standard Natural 
 History, in 1883, he proposed the tfrm Neo-lamarckism to cover 
 the views of those who, like himself, did not accept all of Darwin's 
 ideas. In this expression he includes the more fundamental factors 
 of organic evolution, as changes of circumstance, reaction against 
 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 67 
 
 external stimuli, the effects of use and disuse by which he accounts 
 for the origin of variation, ihus affording a foundation for natural 
 selection to act on. In other words, "natural selection is not a 
 vera causa, but rather expresses the effects of the co-operation of a 
 number of factors in organic evolution." In this modified theory 
 of evolution he has received the support of some of the best nat- 
 uralists of Europe, and he has many followers in this country. His 
 latest work is an extended memoir on Cave Animals of North 
 America, which has been issued by the National Academy. He is 
 a member of many scientific societies, both at home and abroad. 
 In 1889 he was chosen one of the eight honorary presidents of the 
 Zoological Congress held in Paris, and was made an honory presi- 
 dent of the section of zoology of the French Association fur the 
 Advancement of Science ; and also the Btitish Association for the 
 Advancement of Science announced his election in 1890 as a cor- 
 responding member of that body. In 1872 he was chosen to the 
 National Academy of Sciences in this country. Dr. Packard 
 received the degree of M. D. from the JVIaine Medical School in 
 1864; and Ph. D., from Bowdoin College. Entomological editor 
 of Garden and Forest since its foundation. Professor of Zoology 
 in Brown University. In 1887 a list of the entemological writings 
 of Dr. Packard, compiled by Mr. Samuel Henshaw, was published 
 by the Department of Agriculture as Bulletin No. 16 of the Divi- 
 sion of Entomology. It embraced 339 titles, many of which were 
 those of large volumes and elaborate treatises. Below are given 
 only those titles which are of economic importance, or which refer 
 in general to insects injurious or beneficial to crops, and are of 
 special intesest to agriculturists. [Portrait: Harper's Weekly, 
 November 29, 1890. J Address: Providencp, R. I. 
 
 1. Entomological report on the Army--\vorni and Grain Apliis. Sixth 
 
 Annual Itcport Maine Board of Agriculture, 1861, pp. 130-145. 
 
 2. Report on the Insects collected on the Penobscot and Alleguash 
 
 rivers during August and September, 1861. Sixth Annual Report 
 Maine Board of Agriculture, 1861, pp. 373-376. 
 
 3. How to observe and collect Insects. Second Annual Report Xatural 
 
 History and Geology of Maine, 1862, pp. 143-219, figures. Separate : 
 Augusta, 1863, pp. 79 ; figures. 
 
 4. Increasing distribution of the C'anker-worm. Pi'ooeedings Boston 
 
 Society of Xatural History, 1867, Vol xi, p. 88. 
 
 5. Are Bees Injurious to Fruit ? American Xaturalist, 1868, Vol. ii, p. 52. 
 
 6. Guide to the study of In-ects, and a treatise on those injurious and 
 
 beneficial to crops. Salem, 1869, pp. 8+702, pi. 1-11 ; illustrated. 
 
68 AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 a. 2nd edition, Salem, 1870. 
 
 t). 3d edition, Salem, 1872. 
 
 c. 4tli edition, Salem, 1874. 
 
 d. 5th edition, New York, 1876. 
 
 e. 6th edition, New York, 1878. 
 
 f . 7th edition, New York, 1880. 
 
 g. 8th edition. New York, 1884, pp. 8-)-715, pi. 1+1.5 ; illustrated. 
 
 7. The borers of certain shade-trees. Amer. Nat., 1870, v. 4, pp. 588- 
 
 594, flgs. 
 
 8. New or little known injurious Insects. 17th Ann. Kept. Sec. ilass. 
 
 Bd. Agric, 1870, pp. 235-263, pi. 1. figs. Separate: 1870, pp. 31, 
 pi. 1, figs. See Amer. Nat., 1871, v. 4, pp. 684-687, i)l. 6, figs. 
 
 9. Parthenogenesis in Bees. Ann. Bee Cult., 1872. 
 
 10. Injurious Insects in Essex County. Bull. Essex Inst., 1872, v. 4, 
 
 pp. 5-9, figs. 
 
 11. Second annual report on the injurious and beneficial Insects of Mas- 
 
 sachusetts. 10th Ann. Eept. Sec. Mass. Bd. Agric, 1872, pp. 331- 
 347, flgs. Separate : Boston : 1872, pp. 19, figs. (See Amer. Nat., 
 1873, V. 7, p. 241-244, figs.) 
 
 12. Third annual report on the injurious and beneficial efiects of Insects. 
 
 20th Ann. Eept. Sec. Mass. Bd. Agric, 1873, p. 237-265, figs. 
 (Eeprinted with corrections in Amer. Nat., 1873, v. 7, p. 524-548, 
 tigs.) 
 
 13. Life histories of animals, including man, or outlines of comparative 
 
 embryology. New York, 1876, pp. 243, pi., figs. 
 
 14. The migrati(ms of the destructive Locust of the West. Amer. Nat., 
 
 1877, V. 11, pp. 22-29. 
 
 15. The Hessian-fly, Joint-worm, and A\Tieat-midge. Ca. Eut., 1877, v. 
 
 9, p. 100. 
 
 16. Eeport on the Eocky Mountain Locust and other Insects now injui- 
 
 ing or likely to injure fit-id and garden crops in the western states 
 and territories. Eeport United States Geological Survey for 1875, 
 1877, pp. 589-810, pis. 62-70, maps 1-5, figures. 
 
 17. Half-Hours with Insects. Boston : 1S77, pp. 84-384, pi., figui-es. 
 
 18. Insects aflecting the Cianberrj-, with remarks on other injurious 
 
 Insects. Eeport L^nited States Geological Survc}- for 1876, 1878, 
 pp. 521-.531, figures. 
 
 19. Insects of the West: An account of the Rocky Mountain Locust, 
 
 the Colorado Potato-beetle, the Canker-worm, Currant Saw-fly, 
 and other Insects which devastate the crops of the country. Lon- 
 don, 1878. 
 
 20. Parthenogenesis of the Iloney-bee. American Naturalist, 1879, 
 
 Vol. xiii, p. 394. 
 
 21. Cotton-worm investigation. American Naturalist, 1S79, Vol. xiii, 
 
 p. 535. 
 
 22. The Eocky Mountain Locust In New Mexico. American Naturalist, 
 
 1879, Vol. xiii, p. 58G. 
 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 69 
 
 23. The Hessian Fly, its ravages, habits, enemies, and means of pre- 
 
 venting its increase. Bulletin, United States Entomological Com- 
 mission, No. 4, 1880, pp. 4.S, pis. ]-'2, map, figure. (See American 
 Xaturalist, 1880, Vol. xiv, pp. 586-587 ; American Entomologist, 
 1880, Vol. 3, pp. llS-1-21, 140-141, figures.) 
 
 24. Second Keport of the United States Entomological Commission. 
 
 Washington, 1880, pp. lS-|-3-22-|-Sn, pis. 1-17, maps, figures. 
 
 25. Insects injurious to Forest and Shade Trees. Bulletin United States 
 
 Entomological Commission, No. 7, 1881, pp. 275, figures. 
 
 26. Note on Forest-tree Insects. Bulletin Div. Ent. United States 
 
 Department of Agriculture, No. 3, 1883, pp. 24-30. 
 
 27. Decay of the Spruce in the Adirondacks and northern New England. 
 
 Nation, New York, 1883, Vol. sxxvii, p. 525. 
 
 28. Report on the Causes of Destruction of E\'er,nreen Forests in 
 
 northern New England and New York. Report Department Agri- 
 culture lor 1883 [part of Riley's report as Entomologist], 1883, pp. 
 138-151, pi. 9, figures. 
 
 29. Egg-laying Habits of the Egg Parasite of the Canker-worm. 
 
 American Naturalist, 1884, Vol. xviii, pp. 292-2!l3. 
 
 30. The Larch-worm. American Naturalist, 1884, Vol. v, 18, pp. 293- 
 
 290, figures. 
 
 31. The Hemlock Gelechia. American Naturalist, 1884, Vol. v, 18 p. 296. 
 
 32. The Spruce-bud Tortrix. American Naturalist, 1884, Vol. xviii, pp. 
 
 424-126, figures. 
 
 33. Egg-laying Habits of the Jlaple-tree borer. American Naturalist, 
 
 1884, Vol. xviii, pp. 1151-1152. 
 
 34. Second Report on the Causes of the Destruction of the Evergreen 
 
 and other Forest Trees in northern New England and New York. 
 Report Department Agriculture for 1884, [part of Riley's Report 
 as Entomologist,] 1885, pp. 374-383, figures. Separate : 1885, jjp. 
 12, figures. 
 
 35. Third Report on the Causes of Destruction of the Evergreen and 
 
 other Forest Trees in northern New England. Report Department 
 Agriculture lor 1885, [part of Rilej-'s report as Entomologist,] 
 1886, pp. 319-.S33, figures. 
 
 36. Additions to the Third Keport on the Causes of the Destruction of 
 
 the Evergreen and other Forest Trees in northern New England. 
 Bulletin Div. Ent. United States, Department Agriculture, No. 12, 
 
 1886, pp. 17-23. 
 
 37. Fourth Report on Insects injurious to Forest and Shade Trees. 
 
 Bulletin Div. Ent. United States Department Agriculture, No. 13, 
 
 1887, pp. 21-32, figures. 
 
 38. Value of Honey-bees in Fruit Culture. "Western Pomologist, 1871, 
 
 Vol. ii, pp. 133-134. 
 
 39. The Colorado Potato-beetle and Army-worm. The Currant-worm. 
 
 New England Farmer, 1875, Vol. liv, No. 35, p. 1. 
 
 40. The Canker-worm. Scie-itiflc Farmer, 1876. 
 
70 AGRICULTURAL BIBHOGRAPHT. 
 
 41. Insects injurious to the Maple. Scientific Farmer, 1878. 
 
 42. Fiftli Keport of the United States Entomological Commission. 
 
 Keport on the Insects injurious to Forest and Shade Trees. Wash- 
 ington, 1890, 8v. pp. 1-955. 
 
 43. Certain Cone-eating Insects. Garden and Forest, April 25, 1888, i). 
 
 100-101. 
 
 44. The Ked Mite on Verbenas. Garden and Forest, March 7, 1888. 
 
 45. Life-history of Calothysanis amaturaiia '^^^alk. A geometric moth. 
 
 Insect Life, iv, August, l.sn2, pp. 382-384. 
 
 46. Occurrence of Bucculatrix canadensisella Chamb. on birches in 
 
 Khode Island. Insect Life, V, Xo. 1, September, 1892, pp. 14-16. 
 
 Pike, N. R. Born in Fayette, December, 8, 131.5. Secretary 
 of the Maine State Jersey Cattle Association from its organization 
 to the present time. Address: Winthrop. 
 
 1. Herd Book of the Maine State Pure Blood Jersey Cattle Association. 
 
 Together with Extracts from the Constitution and By-Laws of the 
 Association; also Some Practical Hints on Dairying, Dairy Stock, 
 etc. Vol. I. Aun'usta, 1876, 8vo. pp. 80. Hlustrated. 
 Contain : Scale of Points forjudging Jerseys adopted by the Royal 
 Jersey Agricultural Society of the Jersey Islands. 
 
 2. Herd Book of the Maine State Jersey Cattle Association. Compiled 
 
 from Official Entries, Vol. II, Portland, 1880, 8vo. pp. 75. Illus- 
 trated. 
 Contain : History of Jersey Island Cattle. 
 
 3. [Same.] Vol. Ill, Portland, 18^3, svo. pp. 96. 
 
 4. [Same.] Vol. IV, Portland, 1886, 8vo. pp. 137. 
 
 5. [Same.] Vol. V, Augusta, 1.^^'.), Svo. pp. 139. 
 
 Contain: Constitution, transfers and list of members. 
 
 6. [Same.] Vol. VI, Augusta, 1892, Svo. pp. 127. 
 
 One of the most important sets of agricultural books ever published in 
 Maine, and one of the earliest state or local herd books issued in this 
 country. The "Winthrop Jersey Cattle Association" was organized as a 
 town society March 7, 1870, and a local herd book was kept in manu- 
 script for several years. The Association was incorporated by the 
 Legislature in 1875. The six volumes record a total of 3335 animals — 880 
 bulls, and 2455 cows and heifers. The Association has a membership of 
 267; the states of Maine, Nebraska, Iowa, Indiana and Vermont, and the 
 Provinces of Xew Brunswick and Xo^a Seatia being represented. The 
 Society has done a great work for the Jersey cattle interests of !Maine, 
 and the Association and its hr'rd books are a monument to the fidelity 
 and integrity of its veteran seeretarj-. 
 
 Poor, John A. 
 1. Maine as a Field for Immigration. .V >[emorial of the Em-opean 
 and Xorth American Railway Company, and for a State Policy 
 favorable to Immigration and the Encouragement of 3Ianufae- 
 tures. Augusta, 1861, Svo, pp. 52. 
 Contains important facts relating to Maine Agriculture. 
 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 71 
 
 Proceedings of the meeting of Stockholders of the Presumpscot 
 Park Association, holden January 22, 1876. With the charter 
 prefixed. Portland, 1876, 8vo., pp. 27. 
 
 Reports of the Secretary and Treasurer of the Maine State Agri- 
 •cultural Society for the year 1868, with the address of His Excel- 
 lency, J. L. Chamberlain, Reports of Discussions, &c. Augusta, 
 1869, 8vo., pp. 47. 
 
 Rus.<ELL, Fremont L , V. S. Graduated at Maine State Col- 
 lege in class of 188.5 ; Inspector of Live Stock, Vanceboro ; Veter- 
 inarian to the Maine State College Experiment Station. Address : 
 -Orono. 
 
 1. Keport as Veterinarian. Keport jMaine State College Experiment 
 
 Station, 1S8'.), p. 257-266. Contains: essays on hog uholera, and 
 parturient apoplexy-. 
 
 2. Keport on Tuberculosis, lleport JIaine State College Experiment 
 
 Station, 1890, p. 59-64. 
 
 Sawyer, Gkorge B. Secretary of the Maine State Poraological 
 Society, 1873 to 1884, and editor of its volumes of Transactions 
 for that period. Address : Wiscasset. 
 
 ScEiBNEK, Frank Lamson. Born in Salem, Mass , in 1851. 
 His father died when he was three years old and very soon after 
 he was adopted by a family, whose name he bears, living near 
 Augusta, Me. Living on a farm, where work was the order of the 
 day, he had little time fur intellectual pursuits, but, happily, the 
 mother of his adoption encouraged and fostered his inclination to 
 study, and to her chribtian guidance he claims to owe all that he 
 has ever accomplished. At ihe age of fifteen he began to interest 
 himself in botany, analysing his first flower — the trailing arbutus 
 — April 19, 1866, and from that time until his connection with the 
 Department of Agriculture, in 188.5, the greater share of his leisure 
 moments was devoted to this, his favorite pursuit. His first botan- 
 'ical collections, made in 1866-'7 were acquired by Bowdoin College. 
 At the age of eightCin, while yet on the farm, he prepared a treat- 
 ise on the "Weeds of Maine" an ilListrated paper of 62 pages., 
 wiitten for the State Board of Agriculture and published separately 
 in pamphlet form. In 1874 he prepared for the same report, a 
 similar paper on the "Ornamental and Useful Plants of Maine," 
 published sepatately, making a pamphlet of 85 pages. After 
 spending a term at Hebron Academy, another at Kent's Hill 
 
72 AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 and two terms at the "Waterville Classical Institution, he entered 
 the State College of Agriculture and ihe Mechanic Arts, at Orono, 
 in the spring of 1870, from which institution he graduated in 1873, 
 receiving the degree of B. S. While at Orono he spent much time 
 in collecting plants for the college. During vacations he taught 
 schools to assist in defraying college expenses. After leaving col- 
 lege he continued to teach, and was for some time connected with 
 the works of the Government Fish Commission, located at Bucks- 
 port and at Grand Lake stream. In the summer of 1876 he taught 
 botany to private classes, chiefly teachers in the public schools in 
 Bangor, Me. In the same year he conducted the classes in botany 
 in the Bowdoin college Summer School of Science. In January, 
 1877, Mr. Scribner went to Girard college, Philadelphia, as an 
 oflScer of discipline, where he remained eight years. Soon after 
 coming to Philadelphia, he was elerted a member of the Academy 
 of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia and for a number of years 
 served as recording secretary of the Botanical Secti ui of the Society. 
 Such time as he could now command, he began to devote to the 
 study of grasses and soon became one of the recognized 
 authorities in this difficult but important order of plants. 
 One of his first published papers on this subject "A list of the 
 Grasses collected by Mr. C. G. Pringle in Arizona and California," 
 which appeared in the Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club, 
 brought him prominf-ntly before the botanists of the country and 
 indicated his ability in discriminating forms and care in looking- 
 up authorities. It also led to his recognition abroad and brought 
 him into correspondence with foreign botanists. He has since been 
 honored by having a new genus of grasses — Scribneria — dedicated 
 to him by the celebrated Austrian botanist, Prof. E. Hackel. Since 
 the publication of the paper just referred to, he has been a fre- 
 quent contrihutor t) our leading botanical journals and has pub- 
 lished descriptions ©f many new species of plants which he has 
 often illustrated with his own hands. "A R vision of the North 
 American species of the genus iMelicae" is the title of one of Mr. 
 Scribner's more important scientific papers, which was communi- 
 cated to the Academy of Natural Sciences of Pniladelphia and 
 published in their proceedings. His second, and only other pub- 
 lished communication to this society was an illustrated paper 
 entitled ''Observations on the genus Cinna, with descriptions of a 
 new Species." In the summer of 1883, he was connected with the- 
 
BIBLIOGEAPIIT. 73 
 
 Northern Transcontinental Survey, in the department of Economic 
 Botany, and spent several months in Central Montana, making 
 general collections, but paying special attention to the forage plants 
 in order to determine their general prevalence and the actual or 
 probable values of the several species for pasturage or for hay. 
 The result of these observations was given in an illustrated paper 
 entitled "Agricultural Grasses of Central Montana," read before 
 the society for the promotion of agricultural science, and published 
 in their proceedings for 1883. Two years later, he presented to the 
 same Society a similar paper on the Grasses of Arizona. In 1883-'4 
 he prepared two long chapters for the American Supplement to the 
 Encycl.Brit. published in Philadelphia, one on "Cereals" under agri- 
 culture ; theotherunder Forage Plants, on the "Grassesof the United 
 States." He made "A Con'ribuiion to the Flora of Kansas — 
 Gramineae" illustrated by three plates and published in the pro- 
 ceedings of the Kansas Academy of Sciences, for 1885. In May, 
 
 1885, Mr. Scribner was appointed Assistant Botanist in the 
 United States Department of Agriculture, and in July, 1886, 
 he was made special agent to have charge of ttie Mycological Sec- 
 tion of the Botanical Division — a section devoted to the study of 
 the diseases of plants, a new branch of work la the Depaitment. 
 A year later he was appointed Chief of the Section of Vegetable 
 Pathology, in continuance of his former duties, but then ofllcially 
 recognized by Congress. As assistant botanist, Mr. Scriboer made 
 a report on the "Fungus Diseases of Plants," which was published 
 in the annual report of the Department for 1885. In December, 
 
 1886, his report on the "Fungus Diseases of the Grape Vine" 
 appeared as a Special Bulletin. His report as Mycologist, pub- 
 lished in the Annual Report of the Department for 1.S86, embraced 
 a discussion of a number of fungus diseases of plants and their 
 remedies. A number of papers relating to subjects connected with 
 his ofl3cial duties have appeared from time to time in various scien- 
 tific and horticultural publications. One on "Greeneria fuliginea, 
 a new disease of the Grape," was published conjointly with M. P. 
 Viala of the National School of Agriculture, at Montpelier, France, 
 in "Comptes Rendus," September 12, 1887. Mr. Scribner is a 
 member of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia ; 
 American Association for the Advancement of Science ; a Fellow 
 of the American Association for the Advancement of Science ; a 
 corresponding member of the Buffalo Academy of Science ; of the 
 
74: AGEICULTUKAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 Torrey Botanical Club ; of the New Jersey State Horticultural 
 Society, and the Pennsylvania State Horticultural Society. In 
 January, 1889, the Croix de Chevalier du Merite Agricole, was 
 conferred upon him by the French Minister of Agriculture for his 
 services to the French Government in matters pertaining to viticul- 
 ture and the diseases of the vine. Mr. Scribner is Director of the 
 Agricultural Experiment Station of the University of Knoxville, 
 Tennessee. His collection of grasses which numbers nearly five 
 thousand specimens embracing nearly all the known North 
 American specimens, is one of the largest private collections in the 
 country. [Portrait : Frontspiece to his work on Fungous Diseases. 
 Little Silver, N. J., 1890.] 
 
 1. The AVeeds of Maine. Augusta, Me., 1869, 8vo, pp. 62. Illustrated. 
 
 2. The Oi-uamental and Useful Plants of Maine. Part I, Augusta, Me., 
 
 1S74, 8vo, pp. 85. Illustrated. [Part II was never published.] 
 
 3. A List of Grasses Collected by Mr. C. G. Pringle in Arizona and 
 
 California, during the summer of 1881, with descriptions of those 
 species not .already described in American publications. Bulletin 
 Torrey Botanical Club, 1SS2-1SS3. 
 
 4. Xew Xorth America u Grasses. Bulletin Torrey Botanical Club, 1884. 
 
 5. Observations od the Genus Ciuna, witb description of a Xew Species. 
 
 Illustrated. Proceedings Academy Xatural Science. Philadelphia, 
 1884. 
 
 6. A List of the Grasses from AA'ashington Territory. Bulletin Torrey 
 
 Botanical Club, 188.3. Illustrated. 
 
 7. Agricultural Grasses of Central Montana. Proc. Socy. Prom. Agi-i. 
 
 Sci., 1883, 12 pp., illustrated. 
 
 8. Agricultural Grasses of Arizona. Proc. Soc. Prom. Agr. Sci., 1886, 
 
 5 pp. 
 
 9. A Revision of the Xorth American Melicae. Proceedings Academy 
 
 Xatural Science, Philadelphia, It-'So, 10 pp. [With one plate.] 
 
 10. A Contribution to the Flora of Kansas — Gramineie. Proceedings 
 
 Kausas Academy of Sciences, 1885, 5 pp., 3 plates. 
 
 11. Grasses of Yellowstone Xational Park, I. Botanical Gazette, 1886, 
 
 9 pp. 
 
 12. Xotes on -a Hybrid Grass. Botanical Gazette, 1884, 2 pp. [With 
 
 [figures. 
 
 13. A Xew Eriochloa. By Vasey & Scribner. Botanical Gazette, 1884. 
 
 [AVith one plate.] 
 
 14. Arizona Plants. Botanical Gazette, 1885. 
 
 15. Some Arctic Grasses. [\\'ith plate.] Botanical Gazette, 1886. 
 
 16. X'otes on Andropogon. Botanical Gazette, Vol. XIII. 
 
 17. List of X'orth American Audropogoneaj. Bulletin Torrev Botanical 
 
 Club, Vol. XVI, 9 pp. 
 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. VO 
 
 18. New or Little Known Grssses. I. (Four species described and fig- 
 
 ured.) Bulletin Torrey Botanical Club, 1888. 
 
 19. New or Little Known Grasses. II. Bulletin Torrey Botanical ]Clul), 
 
 Vol. XVII, 10 pp. [With lour plates. J 
 
 20. The Grasses ot Koane Mountain. Botanical Gazette, Vol. XIV. 
 
 Illustrated. 
 
 21. Mexican Grasses. Proo. Acad. Xat. Sci. Phila. 1891, 18 pp. [With 
 
 one plate.] 
 
 22. Grasses of Mountain Meadows and Deer Parks. Proc. Soc. Prom. 
 
 Agr. Science, 1889. (Rei^rinted with illustrations in Bulletin Ten- 
 nessee Agricultural Experiment Station.) 
 
 23. Index to Grass Names. Proc. Soc. Prom. Agr. Sci. pp. 18, 1890. 
 
 24. The Grasses of Tennessee. Part I. Bulletin Tennessee Agricultural 
 
 Experiment Station, Vol. Y, Xo. 2. Illustrated. 
 
 25. Mt. Kataadn and its Flora. Botanical Gazette, 1892, 8 pp. 
 
 26. Weeds of the Farm. Bulletin Tennessee Agricultural Experiment 
 
 Station, Vol. I, No. 3. 
 
 27. The True Grasses. B}' E. Hackel, translated from die Naturlichen 
 
 Pflanzen famUicn., by F. Lamson Scribner and Effle A. Southworth, 
 Svo. pp. 227. New York, 1890. 
 
 23. Fungous Diseases of the Grape and other Plants, and their Treat- 
 ment. 12 mo. pp. 136. Illustrated. Little Silver, X. J., 1890. 
 
 23. Report on the Fungous Diseases of the Grape Vine. Bulletin No. 
 2, Botanical Division United States Department Agriculture 1886, 
 pp. 136. [With seven plates.] 
 
 30. Black Rot. FJujsahiyponi, BklioeUit. Proc. 7th Annual Meeting 
 
 Socy. Prom. Agr. Sci. 1886, pp. 7. 
 
 31. Botanical Characters of Black-rot. Physalospora JJidwelHi Sacc. 
 
 Botanical Gazette, Vol. XI, pp. 5. [\Vith one plate.] 
 
 32. New Observations on the Fungus of Black Rot of Grapes. Proc. 9th 
 
 Ann. Meeting Soc'y Prom. Agr. Sci., 188S. 
 
 33. Successful Treatment of Black Rot. (The Same.) 
 
 34. Report on the Extent, Severity and Treatment of Black Rot and 
 
 Brown-rot in Northern Ohio, in 1889. Bulletin No. 11, Botanical 
 Division, United States Department Agriculture, 1890, pp. 76-83. 
 
 35. Black-Rot. Scribner and Viala. Bulletin 7, Botanical Division, 
 
 United States Department Agriculture, 1888, pp. 29. [With one 
 plate.] 
 
 36. Report on the Experiments made in 1887 in the Treatment of the 
 
 Downy Mildew and Black-rot of the Grape-vine. Bulletin Xo. 5, 
 Botanical Division, United States Department Agriculture, 1888, 
 pp. 110. Illustrated. 
 
 37. Report on Experiments made in 1888 in the Treatment of the 
 
 Downy Mildew and Black-rot of the Grape-vine. Bulletin No. 10 
 of the Botanical Division, United States Department of Agricul- 
 ture, 1889, pp. 6. 
 
76 AGRICULTDK,V.L BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 38. On a Xew Fungus Disease of the Vine, Grreeneria fuliginea. Scribner 
 
 and Viala. Proceedings Eiglith Annual Meeting Society Prom. 
 Agricultural Science, 1887. 
 
 39. Fungicides. Circular Xo. 5 of the Section of Vegetable Pathology, 
 
 United States Department of Agriculture, 1887. 
 
 40. jSTotes on Orange Leaf-scab. Bulletin Torrey Botanical Club, 
 
 October, 1886. 
 
 41. Fungus Diseases of the Vine and their Remedies. Proceedings Xew 
 
 Jersey State Horticultural Society, 1886. 
 
 42. Observations the Past Season on Grape-rot and Mildew. Proceed- 
 
 ings Xew Jersey State Horticultural Society, 1887. 
 
 43. Fungous Diseases of Plants. An address delivered before the East 
 
 Tennessfe Farmers' Convention at the 16th annual meeting, 1891. 
 
 44. In Annual Reports of United States Department of Agriculture : 
 
 1885. Report as Assistant Botanist on the Fungous Diseases of 
 
 Plants, 10 pp. 
 
 1886. Rt'port as Special Agent in charge of the Mycological Section, 
 
 31 pp., 8 plates, 3 maps. 
 
 1887. Report as Chief of the Section of Vegetable Pathology, 74 pp., 
 17 plates. 
 
 In American Supplement to The Encyclopaedia Britannica : 
 
 1. Article on "Cereals."' 
 
 2. Article on "Grasses." 
 
 In addition to the above, contributions to horticultural and agricultural 
 papers may be noted ; especially to Colman's Rural World, Maine Farmer, 
 The Home Farm, and Orchard and Garden. In the last named paper 
 appeared a series of illustrated articles on the fungous diseases of plants. 
 
 "In many departments of botany Prof. Scribner is one of tlie leading autliorities, 
 but iiis great specialty is tlie grasses and foreign plants, in "wliicli he easily stands 
 foremost and of whieli his knowledge is greater than that of any other man in 
 this counti-y today. Collections are sent to him from botanists in all parts of the 
 country for classification and name. Fungus diseases of plants have also received 
 a great deal of attention and study from him, and he will be remembered as the 
 first in this country io recommend and use the Bordeaux mixture and other sul- 
 phate of copper compoundsin cheir treatment, especially his successful treatment 
 of black rot with these preparations."— Orchard and Garden, August, 1890, p. 149. 
 
 Shaler, Nathaniel Southgate. 
 
 1. The Geology of Mount Desert. Eighth Annual Report of the United 
 States Geological Survey-, Washington, 1889. Part Second. 
 Quarto p. 987-1063. [With two geological maps in colors, eleven 
 full page plates and twenty-three illustrations in the text.] 
 
 Springer, John S. 
 
 1. Forest Life and Forest Trees. Comprising Winter Camp-life among 
 
 the Loggers, and Mild-wood Adventure, With Descriptions of 
 
 Lumbering Operations on the Various Rivers of Maine and Xew 
 
 Brunswick. Illustrated. Xew York : 1956, 12mo, pp. 259. 
 
 Many of the illustrations in this volume are the same as those used in 
 
 Jackson's reports on the geology of Maine, and are from the same plates. 
 

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BIBLIOGRAPHT. 77 
 
 State College of Agriculture and the Mechanic Arts. The 
 •annual reports of the trustees, officers and faculty of the Maine 
 State College, form a series from 1886 to the present time, issued 
 annually. The several numbers contain the usual reports of the 
 President of the Board of Trustees, treasurer, and heads of the 
 various departments of instruction. They also embrace a sum- 
 mary of the meteorological observations for each year and the 
 annual catalogue, thus forming a complete history of the institution 
 and marking its successive stages of growth, and development. In 
 the notes given below only the more important contents of the 
 .reports are referred to, and no reference whatever is made of the 
 catalogues and si heme of the different courses of study which 
 accompany each annual report. Located at Orono. 
 
 1866: [No title page.] pp. 31. Contains: 
 Report of the Architect, Fred Law Olmstead. 
 
 1867 : [No title page.] pp. 12. 
 
 1868 : [Title page used for first time.] pp. 20. 
 
 1869 : pp. 32. Kegister of Meteorolgical Observations, with tables, first 
 appears in this report. 
 
 1870 : pp. 40. 
 
 1871 : pp. 36. 
 
 1872. pp, 44 
 
 1873 : pp. 60. 
 
 1874 : pp. 68. 
 
 187.5 : pp. 60. This report contains the first frontispiece ever used. It 
 ^ives a \iew of the camiiiis, with tlie Dormitory, Boarding House, White 
 Hall and Laboratorj-. 
 
 1876 : pp. 76. Contains : 
 
 Report of Experiments in Feeding Cooked and Raw Food to Swine, p. 
 35^0. 
 
 1S77 : pp. 79. Contains : 
 
 Reports of pig-feeding experiments, p. 30-34. 
 
 187S : pp. 87. Contains: 
 
 Report of pig-feeding experiments, p. 39^3. 
 
 1879 : pp. 103. 
 
 1880 : pp. 96. 
 
 1881 : pp. 100. Contains : Laws relating to the College, p. 49-56. 
 
 1882 : pp. 143. Contains : 
 
 Microscopic examination and Determination of the Building Stones of 
 Maine. By G. P. Merrill, M. S., p. 89-100. 
 
 Field experiments with Artificial Manures, p. 71-74. 
 
 Fish Scraps as Food for Domestic Animals, p. 75-78. 
 
 1883: pp.208. Contains: 
 
 Artificial Digestion, and the Estimation of Protein Compounds by 
 Stutzer's Method. By J. M. Bartlett, B. S., p. 25-29. 
 
78 ' AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 Expei-iments on the Feeding Values of Early and Late Cut Hay, p. 40-44. 
 
 The Buttei-nies of Maine By C. 11. Fernald. A. M. [Appendix.] 
 p. 1-106. 
 
 1884 : pp. 140. Contains : 
 
 [Appendix.] Laws Pertaining to the College, p. 3-10. 
 
 Xotes on the Character of the Keck Formations in the vicinity of 
 Auburn, Maine. By G. P. Merrill, M. .S., p. 11-13. 
 
 The Preoipation of Casein. By 11. L. Merrill, p. 14-1.5. 
 
 On the Volumetric Determination of Fixed Fatty Acids in Butter and 
 Other Fats. By H. ^X. Powers, p. 16-17. 
 
 1885: pp. 175, contains: 
 
 Experiment in Beef Production, p. 31-36. 
 
 The Sphingidaa of Xew England. By C. H. Fernald, A.M., [Appendix.] 
 pp. 89-175. [With six plates.] 
 
 1886 : pp. 118. Has a new plate as a frontispiece, giving a view of 
 Brick Hall and Boarding House ; ^Vhite Hall ; Chemical Laboratory, and 
 Work Shop. Contains a reference to the §100,000 endowment of the 
 College from the late Ex-Governor Abner Coburn. 
 
 1837 : pp. 98. Has new plate : View of Coburn Hall. 
 
 1888 : pp. 126 Contains : 
 
 Dedication of Coburn Hall. 
 
 Bulletin of the Maine State College Laboratory of Xatural History. 
 Vol. I, Xo. 1. 
 
 A Catalogue of the Minerals and Rocks in the Museum. 
 
 1889: pp. 100. 
 
 1890 : pp. 185. Has plate : "Design for Engineering Building." Con- 
 tains : 
 
 The Land ilammals of Xew England. A Thesis for an Advanced 
 Degree. By Alice A. Ilicks, B. S., (Mrs. George F. Black,) "87. Port- 
 land. "With iive full page plates. 
 
 1891 : pp. 107. Embraces eleven beautiful plates of views of the 
 grounds, buildings, interiors, etc., and a map of college campus. 
 
 1892 : pp. 155. With ten new plates of buildings, view of campus and 
 interiors. Contains Law of Congress of 1890 relating to the more com- 
 plete endowment and support of agricultural colleges. 
 
 Report of the Evidence and Conclusions of the Committee to Investi- 
 gate the Sale of the Ag]-icultural College Script. Made to the Fifty-Ffth 
 Legislature. Augusta, 1876, 8vo, pp. 130. 
 
 Report of the Joint Special Committee to Investigate the Cause 
 of the Outbreak of Disease among the Cattle at the State 
 College Farm, the Loss and Disposal of Cattle Therefrom, and the 
 Doings and Correspondence of the Commissioners on Contagious Diseases 
 among Cattle in Relation to the Same. Together with the Testimony 
 taken Before the Committee. Augusta, 1887, 8vo. pp. 257. 
 
 Dedication of Cobm-n Hall, June 26, 1888. Augusta, 1888, 8vo, pp. 71. 
 
 Contains Ode by Mrs. M. C. Fernald; Address of Welcome by Presi- 
 dent M. C. Fernald; Historical Address by Hon. Lyndon Oak; record of 
 
ElBLIOGRAl-HT, 79 
 
 all officers of the College and membcns of the Faculty ; report of building 
 committee, and speeches by Prof. F. L. Harvey. ITon. Samuel Libhey, 
 Hon. Herbert M. Heath and Dr. John T. Cushlug. 
 
 Bulletin of the Maine Slate C^ollcge Labor;!to"y of Natural History. 
 Vol. I; No. 1. A Catalogue of the Mioerals and Kocks in the Museum. 
 Augusta, 188S, 8vo, pp. 28. 
 
 Circular of Information. Oiono, 1892. Oblong, pp. 32. [AVith thirty 
 plates and engravings.] 
 
 Annual Catalogues, 1808-]8;i2. 
 
 Souvenir of the Twentieth Annual Commencement, June 20-26, 1891. 
 By Edward H. Kelley, "90. Contains plates, views, Historical Reminis- 
 cences, Fraternity Directorj^, etc. 
 
 College journals have been the College Reporter, 1875, published for a 
 few years; The Cadet, 1886 to 1892, and occasional annual numbers of 
 The Pendulum. 
 
 Stone, Geoege H., A. B., A. M. Born iu Colamer, ODondaga 
 County, N. Y., Nov. 22, 1841. Graduated at "Wesleyan Univei- 
 sity, Middlelown, Conn., 1868. Professor of Mathematics, Gene- 
 see Wesleyan Seminary, Lima, N. Y., 1869-'72. Professor of 
 Natural Science, Maine Wesleyan Seminary and Femnle College, 
 Kent's Hill, 1874-'81. Professor of Geology, Colorado College, 
 Colorado Springs, Col., 1881-'89. Mining Expert, Colorado Springs, 
 Col. In addition to the works enumerated below Prof. Stone has 
 prepared a report on "The Glacial Gravels of Maine and their 
 Associated Deposits,'' making eleven hundred large manuscript 
 pages, accompanied with maps and engravings which is soon to be 
 published by the United States Geological Survey. It is a gsneral 
 review of the glacial geology of Maine, the origin of its soils, etc. 
 In a letter to the author under date of March 22, 1893, Prof. Stone 
 says: "My studies in the mountains during the last four years 
 have quite revolutionized my views as to matters of interpretation." 
 Address : Colorado Springs, Colorado. 
 
 1. The Kames of Maine. [From Proceedings of the Boston Society of 
 
 Natural History. Vol. XX, March 3, 1880, pp. 430-469.] 8vo, pp. 
 430-469. The pamphlet is published in separate form and paged 
 continuously. 
 
 2. Geology and Paleontology. Note on the Androscoggin Glaciers. 
 
 [From the American Naturalist, Apr'!. 1883.] &vo, pp. 244-G62. 
 
 3. The Kames or Eskers of Maine. [From the Proceedings of the 
 
 Amei.i-.in Association for the Advancement of Science, Vol. 
 29. Boston Sleeting, August, 1880.] Svo pp. 510-514. ["With 
 a map] 
 6 
 
80 AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHT. 
 
 4. Lecture upon Glacial Deposits iu Eastern North America. 1881. 
 
 See Portland Natural Hist. .Soc. Proc. Glacial Erosion in Maine. 
 Portland Natural Hist. Soc. Proc, Nov. 21, 1881, pp. 11. 
 
 5. The Kame Rivers of Maine. Prom the Proceedings of the Ameri- 
 
 can Association for the Advancement of Science, Vol. 32. 
 Minneapolis Meeting, August, 1883. Salem, Mass., 1884, 8vo, pp. 
 234^237. 
 
 6. Local Deflections of the Drift Scratches in Maine. American Journal 
 
 of Science, 130-146. 1885. 
 
 7. Terminal ^lorainesin Maine. [From the American Journal of Science, 
 
 Vol. 33, May, 1887. 8vo, pp. 378-385.] 
 
 8. Classiflcation of the Glacial Sediments of Maine. American Journal 
 
 of Science, 40-122. 1890. 
 
 9. The same. New Haven, 1890, 8vo, pp. (1), 122-124. 
 
 "Prof. Stone, by devoting the time of liis vacation for three years to an examin- 
 ation of tliose peculiar formations of our surface geology known as 'horsebacks', 
 "which he mapped out for the Boston Society of Natural History, has done more 
 for the interpretation of geological science in our State, tlian has been done by 
 the work of both our State surveys put togetlier."— The Home Farm, August 14,1884. 
 
 Sturtevant, Edward Lewis. Born in Boston, Mass., January 
 23, 1842. Moved to Maine, "on the old hill inWinthrop," in the 
 "fifties." Entered Bowdoin College in the class of 1863. Enlisted 
 in the Twenty-fourth Maine Regimentin 1862. Was with the 19th 
 Army Corps, on the lower Mississippi and at the seige of Port 
 Hudson. Was First Lieutenant and Captain, and also attached to 
 the staff of Gen. Nickerson, 3d Brigade, 2d Division, with the rank 
 of Captain. Eeceived the degrees of B. A., and M. A., from Bow- 
 doin College. Graduated at Harvard Medical School, 1866. Pro- 
 prietor (with his brother) of WaushakumFarm, South Framingham , 
 Mass., — a farm famous for its herd of Ayrshires, seed-corn and 
 experimental work — from 1860 to 1882. Editor of The Scientific 
 Farmer, (in conjunction with E. H. Libby),from February, 1H76, 
 to April, 1878 ; and sole editor of the same journal from May, 1878, 
 to October, 1879. Director New York Agricultural Experiment 
 Station, Geneva, 1882-87. Fellow of the American Association 
 for the Advancement of Science. Formed one of the largest and 
 finest private libraries on subjects pertaining to agriculture, horti- 
 culture and botany ever collected, which was presented to the 
 Missouri Botanic Garden, St. Louis, Mo., in 1892. Author of an 
 "Agricultural Bibliography," the manuscript of which was presented 
 to the library of the Massachusetts Agricultural College, Amherst, 
 Mass. Address : South Framingham, Mass. 
 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 81 
 
 1. The Dairy Cow. A Monograph on the Aj'rshh'e Breed of Cattle. 
 
 With an Appendix on .Vyrshire, .Jersey and Dutch Millcs; Their 
 Formation and Peculiarities. Boston, 1S7.T, 12 nio., pp. 252. Illus- 
 trated. 
 The authorsliip of tliis work was in eonjuaction with his brother, 
 Joseph N. Sturtevant. 
 
 2. Editor of Eopovts oC the Xow York Agricultural Experiment Sta- 
 
 tion, 18S2-'87, 6 vols. Contents : 
 
 First Eeport, 1882. Organization of Station work; experiments with 
 wheat, barley and oats ; studies on Maize ; experiments with Potatoes ; 
 Forage Crops. 
 
 Second Eeport, 1883. Botanical Notes; Studies on Maize; Station 
 grown Seeds; Weight of Seeds; Kelations of Feed to Milk; Experiments 
 with Potatoes; Experiments with Corn; Experiments with Grasses. 
 
 Third Eeport, 1884. Feeding Exi)eriments and Milk Analysis ; Study 
 of JMilk ; Experiments with Potatoes ; Wheat Improvement ; Experiments 
 with Corn; Germinations of Seeds; Study of Maize, including Sweet, 
 Pop and Dent Corn. 
 
 Foui-th Eeport, 1885. Starch Waste as Cattle Foods; Ensilage and 
 Forage Crops ; Studies on Corn ; Fertilizers on Potatoes ; Tests on Ger- 
 mination of JIaize and other Seeds ; The Sweet Corns. 
 
 Fifth Eeport, 1886. Cattle Feeding Experiuients ; Temperature and 
 Crops ; Vitality of Seeds as Influenced by Age ; Experiments with Cab- 
 bage; Studies of Indian Corn. 
 
 Sixth Eeport, 1887. Feediug for Beef; Experiments with Potatoes; 
 Seed Germinations. 
 
 3. Physiological Considerations concerning Feeding for Butter and 
 
 Cheese. Hartford, Conn., 1874, 8vo, pp. 67. 
 
 4. The "\A'ild White Cattle of Scotland, or White Forest Breed. [Ee- 
 
 printed from American N"ataralist, Vol. 8,1874, pp. 135-145.] pp.11. 
 
 5. Millf : Its Tj'pical PLolations. A Lecture before the Vermont 
 
 Dairymen's Association, .January 21, 1874. South Framiagham 
 jMass., 1874, Svo, pp. 20. 
 
 6. Chemical Corn Growing. [Eeprlnted from Transactions South 
 
 Middlesex Agricultural Society.] Framingham, Mass., 1875, 8vc, 
 pp. 32. 
 
 7. The Law of Inheritance ; or The Philosophy of Breeding. Boston, 
 
 1875, Svo, pp. 48. 
 
 8. Plant Food and Agriculture. Hartford, Conn., 1876, 8vo, pp. 14. 
 
 9. Intercultural Tillage. Hartford, Conn., 1877, Svo, pp. 42. 
 
 10. Indian Corn. Alban}-, JST. Y., 1880, Svo, pp. 31. 
 
 11. Some Thoughts and Facts Concerning the Food of Man. [Eeprlnted 
 
 from the Eeport of the Connecticut Board of Agriculture, 1880.] 
 Pages 114-155. 
 
 12. Thoughts on Agricultural Education. Hartford, Conn., 1881, Svo, 
 
 pp. 19. 
 
82 AGRICULTUKAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 13. Agriculture of Massachusetts. A Report prepared for the Massa- 
 
 chusetts State Commission to the Ceutennial Exposition, 1876. 
 Boston, 1876. 
 
 14. The Growing of Corn. [From the 28th Annual Keport of the Secre- 
 
 tary of the State Board of Agriculture.] Boston, 1881, 8vo, pp. 
 77-130. 
 
 15. Maize. An Attempt at Classification. [Printed for private distri- 
 
 bution only.] Eochester, X. Y., 1884, 8vo, pp. 9. 
 
 16. The Dairy Cow— ^Miat She Is, and whence She Came. Report 
 
 Maine Board of Agriculture, 1875, p. 112-125. 
 
 17. American Agricultural Literature. Proceedings of Fifth Annual 
 
 Session of National Agricultural Congress, Philadelphia, 1876. 
 
 18. Milk: Physiological and Miscellaneous. Trans. N. Y. State Agri- 
 
 cultural Society. Vol. 32, Albany, X. Y., 1878, p. 91-124. [With 
 three plates.] 
 
 19. Seed Breeding. Agriculture of Connecticut, 1878, p. 149-187. 
 
 [Reprinted in Monthly Journal of Science, August, 1879.] 
 
 20. Seed Corn. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1S73, p. 30-47. 
 
 21. Fertility. Journal of American Agricultural Association, Vol. I. 
 
 22. Seedless Fruils. Trans. Mass. Hort. Society, 1880, p. 133-161. 
 
 23. Relation between Seeding and Quality in Certain Vegetables and 
 
 Fruits. Proceedings Societj- for the Promotion of Agricultural 
 Science, Vol. I, 1883, p. 40-49. 
 
 24. Different Modes of Cutting Potatoes for Planting. Proceedings of 
 
 Society for the Promotion of Agricultural Science, Vol. I, 1S83, p. 
 77-78. 
 
 25. Dairying vs. Thoroughbred Bulls. Transactions Veimont Dairy- 
 
 men's Association, 1876, p. 60. 
 
 26. Philosophy of Dairying. Transactions American Daii-ymen's Asso- 
 
 ciation, 1876, p. 90. 
 
 27. Why the Ayrshire Cow Should be the Dairyn.eu's Choice. Tran- 
 
 sactions Vermont Dairymen's Association, 1872, p. 150-159. 
 
 28. Fertilizer Laws. Agriculture of Pennsyhania, 1877, p. 108. 
 
 29. Cost of a Crop of Corn to the Massachusetts Fai-mer. Agriculture 
 
 of Massachusetts, 1872-'3, part JI, p. 80-89. 
 
 30. Ayrshii-e Points. Ohio Agricultural Report, 1872, p. 261-270 
 Reprinted in Mark Lane Express, London, England, February 3, 1873 ; 
 
 in Farmer's Magazine, London, May, 1873, p. 230, and in North British 
 Agriculturist, Edinburgh, Scotland, Juh- 16, 1873. 
 
 31. Hungarian Grass. Trans. New York State Agricultural Society- 
 
 Vol. 33, 1884, p. 208-220. 
 
 32. Experiment Stations. Trans. New York State Agricultural Society. 
 
 Vol. 33, 1884, p. 235-243. 
 
 33. Experimental Observations on the Potato. Trans. New York State 
 
 Agricultural Society. Vol. 33, 1884, p. 261-265. 
 
 34. Lysimeter Records. Proceedings American Association for the 
 
 Advancement of Science, 1881. 
 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 83 
 
 35. The Need of a Better Seed Supply. Trans. New York State Agri- 
 cultural Society, Vol. 33, 1884, p. 28'J-289. 
 
 3fi. Corn Culture at Wauphakum Farm. Transactions New York State 
 Agricultural Society, Vol. 32, 1878, p. 17C-17C. 
 
 37. The Claims of the Ayrshire Cow upon the Dairy Farmer. Transac- 
 
 tions New York State Agi icultural Society, Vol. 32, 1878, p. 266-279. 
 
 38. Ensilage Experiments In ''884 and 1885 at the New York State Agri- 
 
 cultural Experiment Station. Transactions Now York State Agri- 
 cultural Society, Vol. 34, 1889, p. 116-120. 
 
 39. Forage Crops : Maize and Sorghum. Transactions New York State 
 
 Agricultural Society, Vol. 34, 1889, p. 135-143. 
 
 40. Agricultural Botany. Transactions New York State Agricultural 
 
 Society, Vol. 34, 1889, p. 335-338. 
 
 41. Morphology of Milk. Agriculture of Massachusetts, 187?-'4, p. 
 
 37i-,388. 
 
 42. Deerfoot Farm Centrifugal Dairy. Keport Department of Agricul- 
 
 ture, AVashington, D. C, 1880, p. 629-651. [With three plates.] 
 Eeprinted in Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society of England. 
 Second Scries, Vol. 18, "'SS2, p. 473--»')5. 
 
 43. Conditions Necessary to Success in Dairying. Report New York 
 
 State Dair\'meu's Association, 1883. 
 4''. The Feeding of Spoiled Brewers' Grains. Report New York State 
 Dairymen's A-isocLition, 1884. 
 
 45. Agricultural Botany. Riooeedings Society for Pj-omotion of Agri- 
 
 cultural Science, Vol. 2, 18S5, p. 9-15. 
 
 46. Cultivati'd Fooil Plants. Proceed'ugs Society for the Promotion cf 
 
 Agricullural Science, Vol. 2, 1835. p. 59-72. 
 
 47. An Observation of the Hybridization and Cross-breeding of Plants. 
 
 Proceedings of American Association for the Advancement of 
 Science. 1885. 
 
 48. Germiu'uiod Studi"s. Proceedings of Ameiican Association for the 
 
 Advajceinent of Science. 1885. 
 
 49. Influence of Insulation upon Vegetation. Proceedings of American 
 
 Association for the Advancement of Science. 1884. 
 
 50. Hoitifaltural Botany. Proceedings of Western New York Horti- 
 
 cultuial Society, 1886. 
 
 51. Inidan Com. I'^nnsactions New York State Agricultural Society, 
 
 1879, p. 07-74. 
 
 52. Histoiy of Indian Corn. Sibley's Graia and Farm Seeds Annual, 
 
 1883. 
 
 53. Notes on the History of the Strawberry. Transactions Massachu- 
 
 setts Horticultural Society, 1888, p. 19] -204. 
 
 54. Edible Plants of the World. Agricultural Science, Vol. 3, No. 7. 
 
 55. The Tomato. Report Maryland Experiment Station, 1889, p. 18. 
 
 56. Concerning Some Names for Cucurbitse. Bulletin Torrey Botanical 
 
 Club, October 1891. 
 
84 AGEICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHr. 
 
 57. The Dandelion and the^Lettuce. Proceedings Society for the Pro- 
 
 motion of Agricultural Science, Vol. 3, 1886, p. 40-44. 
 
 58. ^V Study in Agricultural Botany. Pi'oceedings Society for the Pro- 
 
 motion of Agricultural Science, Vol. 4, 1886, j). 68-73. 
 
 59. Atavism the Ilesult of Cross-breeding in Lettuce. Proceedings of 
 
 Society for the Promotion of Agricultural Science, Vol. 4, 1886, p. 
 73-74. 
 
 60. History of the Currant. Proceedings ^\'estern Xew York Horticul- 
 
 tural Society, 1887. 
 
 61. ( 'apsicura pascieulatum. Bulletin Torrey Botanical Club, Jlay, 1888. 
 
 62. Capsicum umbillicatuni. Bulletin Torrey Botanical Club, April, 1888. 
 
 63. Seedless Fruits. Jlemoirs Torrey Botanical Club, Vol. I, part 4. 
 
 64. Huckleberi'ies and Blueberries. Transactions JMassachusetts Horti- 
 
 cultural Society, 1890, p. 17-38. 
 
 ■\Miat is the Ayrshire Cow. Country Gentleman, Albany, N. Y., Sept. 
 18, 1873; Live Stock Journal, Buftalo, X. Y., Oct., 1873. 
 
 Dairy Cattle. Country Gentleman, Oct. 30; Xov. 6; Xov. 13; Xov. 20, 
 1873. 
 
 Adulteration of Milk. An Address. Massachusetts Ploughman, Bos- 
 ton, March 7, 1874. 
 
 Adaptation in Farming. An Address, ilassaehusetts Ploughman, 
 April 4, 1874. 
 
 The Points of Ayrshires. An Open Letter. Country Gentleman, Dec. 
 16, 187.5. 
 
 S.^x in Breeding. Scientific Farmer, Aug., Sept., Oct., 1876. 
 
 A Xew Theory of Tillage. Seientiflc Farmer, Jan. 1877. 
 
 Epizootic Abortion. Scientific Farmer, ilay, 1877. 
 
 Agricultural Plant Feeding. An Address. American Cultivator, 
 October 5, 1878. 
 
 Fertilizers on Brains. Land and Home, Feb. 5, 1880. 
 
 Milk. National Live Stock Journal, July, August, Septemljer, October 
 XovcMuber, 1880. 
 
 Concerning Sex. Xational Live Stock Jom'ual, Fel)ruary, ;>larch, 1881. 
 
 Thorougeljred Seed. Indiana Farmer, Dec. 2.5, 1880. 
 
 Thoughts ou Breeding. Xational Live Stock .Journal, April, June, 1881. 
 
 Lowest Germination of ^laize. Botanical Gazette, April, 1SS5. 
 
 Glimpses of Old Herbals. American Garden, ilay, 1891. 
 
 Seed Germination. A Study. Agricultural Science, February, 1887. 
 
 Acid Food. Xational Live Stock Journal, January, 1SS9. 
 
 Sweet Corn. P.ural Xew Yorker, July 12, SS81. Illustrated. 
 
 Evaporation. Xew England Farmer, May 2(1, 1882. 
 
 CoxTRiBtTioNs TO Aji KKic.VN Xatuisalist. Agricultural Botany. 
 Illustrated. Vol. 18, 1884, p. 57:5-577. 
 
 Indian Corn and the Indian. A^ol. 19, 1885, p. 225-234. 
 
 Kitchen Garden Esculents of American Origin. Vol. 19, 1885, p. 444- 
 457; 542-5."3; 058-669. 
 
BIBLIOGKAPHY. 85 
 
 A Study of tlie Dandeliou. Illustrated. Vol. 20, 1886, p. .5-9; A Study 
 of Garden Lettuce, p. 230-233; History of Celery, p. 599-606. 
 
 History of Garden Vegetables. Vol. 21, p. 49-.59; 125-133; 321-333; 
 433-444; 701-712; 826-8,33; 903-912; 975-985. Vol. 22, p. 420-433; 802-808; 
 979-987. Vol. 24, p. 30-48; 143-157; 629-64(J ; 719-744. 
 
 An important series of articles on the history of our cultivated garden 
 vegetables, arranged alphabetically, but unfortunately terminating at 
 "Gourd." Kemarkable for its caretul descriptions, syuonjniy, and volum- 
 inous references to the old hcrbals and the entire range of gardening 
 literature ancient and modern, Anu'rican and foreign. 
 
 Ill his report on the presentation of Dr. Sturtevant's library to tlie Missouri 
 Botanic Garden, Dr. >Villiaiii Trelease, Direetor of tlie Garilen, in his Fourth Re 
 port, [ISDS, p. 14-15], sa>'s: "The library is undoubte(ll>' the most complete and 
 valuable American collection of pre-Liniueau botanical hooks, and represents the 
 expenditure of a great amount of time and money on Dr. Sturtevant'.s part, since 
 he has for many years been interested in bringing together the early literature 
 of the science of botany, especially in its application to economic plants. * * * It 
 will be kept in a separate alcove, to be known as the 'E. Lewis Sturtevant Library 
 of pre-Linmean Botany.' A catalogue of its contents will be published in order 
 that students of botany may know where a collection of books of this character 
 can be consulted." 
 
 Thompson, John Wallace. Born in Turner, February 4, 1844. 
 Enlisted in band of Fifth Maine Regiment at 17 years of age in 
 1861, and was mustered out in 1862 by the law discharging regi- 
 mental bands. Enlisted again in 32d Maine Regiment, in March, 
 1864, and served till close of the Rebellion. Address : Canton. 
 
 1. Sketches, Historical and Descriptive, of Noted Maine Horses, Past 
 
 and Present, their Aueestors and Descendants. Portland, 1874, 
 12 mo. pj). 228. Illustrated. 
 
 2. Sketches of Noted Maine Horses. Vol. II. Canton, 1887, 12 mo. j)p. 
 
 ,348. lUustj-ated. 
 
 The most important -works ever published on the horse breeding 
 interests of Maine. Volume I contains historical sketelies of the 
 ^Messenger, Morgan, Di^'W, Eaton, Kislug San, Flying Eaton, 
 Brandywine, Knox, Black Hawk, Morrill, Hampton, Patehen, 
 Cadmus, Annfleld, Fearnaught and Ilambli'tonian families of horses 
 in ifaiue; and pedigrees of 1061 horses. Volume 11 contains his- 
 torical sketeh<'S of the Brandywines; Drew Horse, 114; Eaton 
 Horse, 122; Geu. Knox, 140; Eisiug Sun, 429; AVintlirop Morrill, 
 373 ; biographical sketches of the drivers, fidwin D. Either and 
 .James Dustin, and pedigrees of 1711 horses. 
 
 3. The Maine Horse Bregdsrs' Monthly. 
 
 A full set of this valuable magazine comprisi's thirteen volumes and 
 three numbers, it having been published Crom .June, 1870, toMaroh, 1892, 
 when it was discontinued. It is a mine of information on the pedigrees, 
 historjr and performances of Maine bred horses, but unfortunately the 
 several volumes are without title pages or indexes. A'olume 1, embraces 
 
86 AGRICULTCBAL BIBLI06R A.PHT. 
 
 ten numbovs ; volume 2, nine numbers, but all subsequeat volumes, tweHe 
 numbers each, beginning with January of each year. Some one will do 
 a servi'^'e tD jrilne agricultural liteiature by preparing on iudex to tb's 
 work. 
 
 Thoreau, Henbt D. 
 
 ] . The ^ilaiue "Woods. Boston, 1892, 1 2mo, pp. 328. [Many Editions.] 
 The s^.cl.ions of this work relate to Ktaadn, Chesuncook and the AUe- 
 gash and East Bianch. Appendix contains the following: 1. Trees. 
 2. Flower* and Shrubs. ?. List of Plants. 4. List of Birds. 5. Quad- 
 rupeds. 6. Outfit for an Excursion. 7. A List of Indian Words. 
 
 This work has long been, aul will long continue to be, a classic of the 
 Maine forests. 
 
 Teansactioks of the Cumberland County Agricultural and Horti- 
 cultural Society, for the year 1861. With an Address by Hon. 
 Samuel F. Perley. Portland, 1861, 8vo, pp. S3. 
 
 Transactions of the York County Agricultural Society for the 
 years, 1847, '48, '49. Together with the by-laws and laws of the 
 State relating to Agr'cultural Societies. Saco, 1850, 8vo, pp. 144. 
 
 Contains Add'e.^s of Hen. Bufus Mclatire of ParsonsfieUl; Address of 
 Ealph r.. Philips of Mancln'si er, Conn. ; Address of Dr. Ezeldel Holmes 
 of AVinthrop; Han'est Home and Farmer's Pest, two poems by Chai'les 
 H. Giaager, Saco; Pemarks on the difl'erent breeds of Sheep that have 
 been i Produced into Jl.;ine, by E. Holmes; On the Cultivation of the 
 Pear on the Quince, by S. L. Goodale, and a Select List of Fruits for 
 Maine. 
 
 True, Nathaniel Tuckkrman. Born in North Ya'-mouth, (now 
 PowDal), March 15, 181"2. After studying for two yea's at Bow- 
 doin College he relinguished his college coarse and airerded the 
 Maine Medical School from which he graduated in 1846. He 
 abandoned the piacUce of medicine for the piofession of teaching 
 which he made his life work, havirg been principal of Gould's 
 Academy, Bethel, for a long term of years ; also a picfesscr in a 
 normal school in western New York, and principal of schools and 
 academies in Goiham and Mi'ao, N. H., and Litchfield, Maine. 
 Member of Maine Boaid of AgiicuUure, 1858-'61. Received the 
 honorary degree of A. M., from Colby University, (Waterville 
 College), in 1868. aad Bowdoin College, in 1841. Founder of the 
 Bethel Farmers' Club, one of the best known and most influential 
 of the earlier farmers' clubs of Maine. Senior editor of the Maine 
 Farmer from 1865 to 1869, for which he wrote two series of very 
 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 87 
 
 popular short articles, viz. : "Chemistry by the Fireside," and 
 "Geology by the Fireside." President of the Maine Board of 
 Education; member cf Pcrtlaod Society of Natural History ; 
 American Association for the Advancement of Science ; Wisconsin 
 Historical Society ; Maine Histoiical Society. He died in Bethel, 
 May 18, 1887. [For sketches of bis life see History of Bethel, 
 1891, p. 144-147; Collections and Proceedings of the Maine His- 
 torical Society, 1892, p. 225-231. Potrait: History of Bethel, 
 p. 144.J 
 
 1. Address. Transactions of Agricultural Societies of Maiue, 1853, p. 
 
 3-23. 
 
 2. Address on the Soils of Oxloid County. Eepo)t Maine Board of 
 
 Agriculture, 1856, Abstract, p. 88-102. 
 
 3. Address. Keport Maine Doard ol Agriccilture, Abstract, ?857, p. 
 
 179-203. 
 
 4. Address on Progi-essive Farming. Eepoit Maine Board of Agricul- 
 
 ture, Abstract, 18.58, 77-105. 
 
 5. Insects Injurious to Vegetation. Eeport Maine Board ol Agricul- 
 
 ture, 1858, p. 167-176. 
 
 6. Renovation ol Orchards. Eeport Maine Board of Agriculture, 1859, 
 
 p. 205-209. 
 
 7. Biographical Sketch of Ezekiel Holmes, M. D. Ecpoit Maine Board 
 
 of Agiicultuve, 1865. p. 207-220. 
 
 8. The Soil and Its PrepaKitiou lor an Orchard. Transactions Maine 
 
 Maine State Pomologlcal Society, 1870, p. 71-77. 
 
 9. Planding an Oi'cliard. Transactions Maine State Pomologlcal 
 
 Society, 1877, p. 23-2!). 
 10. Pear Culture. Transactions Maine State Pomologlcal Society, 1883, 
 p. 79-81. 
 
 "It was his delight to take his sp'^'Dj? tncl sumjiitr clr-sses inhotany thvoagh the 
 fields, pastuves and woods, srtiieii'ig and fd."'ssifjing the vuiioas "wild flowers ia 
 their season; or his pupils inte' esled in niiiieralogy and geology to the suminit 
 of Paradise Hill, and sometimes even to the tops cf the surrounding mountains 
 where he pointed out and desc.ibed diluvi; 1 markings and Other sigiis of glacial 
 action, and gathered minerals of various kinds. Dr. Tine's studies embraced a 
 very wide range, and he was able to impart instruction in j'ln?ost every depart- 
 ment of useful knowledge. They embraced languages, both ancient, including 
 Latiu, Greek and Hebrew, and modern, including French, Spanish, Italian and 
 German, the natural sciences, practical surveying and engineering, scientific 
 agriculture, navigation, asti-onomy and thehigher mathematics." — Maine Histor- 
 cal Collections, 18112, p. 2J8-3i9. 
 
 *'He was one of the most industrious of men, never losing any time, end ever an 
 early riser. He was a kind-hearted, genial man end full of sympathy for those 
 working for self-education with limited means. Cf his writings but little was 
 ever published In permanent form, and most of them wdl soon be forgotten unless 
 gleaned from the various newsx^aper tiles and reprinted.'' — Lapham's Histcry of 
 Bethel, p. 147. 
 
88 AGRICULTUKAX BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 TwiTCHELL, G. M. Born in Bethel, Sept. 17, 1847. Lecturer 
 Maine State Grange, 1889-'91 ; Overseer Maine State Grange, 
 1891-'92; Secretary Maine State Agricultural Society, 1891-'92. 
 Assistant Editor Maine Farmer. Address : Augusta, 
 
 1. How to Make Poultry Profitable. Report Maine Board of Agricul- 
 
 ture, 1883, p. 127-136, 
 
 2. Poultry for Profit. Eeport :\IaiQe Boai-d of Agriculture, 1884, p. 39^7. 
 
 3. On Poultry. Keport Maine Board of Agriculture, 1885, p. 224-229. 
 
 4. The Xetessities of Today. Keport Maine Board of Agriculture, 
 
 1887, p. 123-131. 
 
 5. The Peixheron Horse. Report :Maine Bo.ard of Agriculture, 1888, 
 
 p. ltJ8-208. 
 
 6. Intensive Poultry Culture. Report JIaine Board of Agriculture, 
 
 1889, p. 172-1 S.5. 
 
 7. Inexpensive Sources of Fertility for the Orchard — Poultry. Trans- 
 
 actions Maine State Pomological Society, 1890, p. 53-.5(J. 
 
 8. How to Make Poultry Keeping Profitable. Keport JIassachusetts 
 
 Board of x\grieulture, 1889, p. 238-268. 
 
 9. Some Conditions for Success in Xew England Agriculture. Report 
 
 ^Massachusetts Board of Agriculture, 1890, p. 90-104. 
 In addition to the above list, Dr. Twitchell has delivered many lectui-es 
 before farmers" institutes and agricultural conventions in Xew Hamp- 
 shire, Vermont, Rhode Island, Xew Brunswick and Xova Seotia, which 
 have been jjublished in full or by aljstract in the agricultural reports 
 of the several states and provinces named. 
 
 Wasson, Samcel. Born in Brooksville, August 15, 1819. 
 Member of the StD.te Board of Agriculture, 1860-1879; President 
 Maine State Agricultural Society, 1873-'74 ; Secretary State Agri- 
 cultural Society, 1875 ; trustee State Agricultural Society, fourteen 
 years; member of the Maine Senate, 1857-'58; member of the 
 Maine House of Representatives, 1865-'70, also in 1874. Editor 
 and publisher of Eastern Farmer, Ellsworth. For many years a 
 prominent contributor to the agricultural press. Address : East 
 Surry. 
 
 1. Transactions of the ]Maine State Agricultural Society; for the State 
 
 Fair Year, 1S7,5. Portland, 187.5, 8vo, pp. 101. [All published.] 
 
 2. A Survey of Hancock County, Maine. Augusta, 1878, Svo, pp. 91. 
 
 3. JIarine ^lanures. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, IS.i!), p. 
 
 180-182. 
 
 4. Use of Artiticial Fertilizers. Kejxjrt Maine Board of Agriculture, 
 
 1867, p. 74-77. 
 
 5. The Ideal Farmer. Keport Maine Board of Agriculture, 1868, p. 
 
 56-65. 
 
BIBLIOGRAPHY. 89 
 
 6. History of the Potato. Report JlMiuc Board of Agriculture, iko, 
 
 p. 90-100. \ 
 
 7. AVater as au Agricultural Ageut. Kcport Maiue Board of Agricul- 
 
 ture, 1870, p. 359-370. 
 S. Grcou Ciops as a Ready and .Vvailablc Jleaus for Enriching the Soil. 
 
 Report Jlaine Board of Agriculture, 1S73, p. i:!4-150. 
 9. Conditions Rccxuisite for tlie Elevatiou of Farming. Report Maine 
 
 Board of Agriculture, 1874, p. 19-30. 
 
 10. -'Xo Cattle, no Crops." Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1874, 
 
 p. 283-294. 
 
 11 . Specialties in Farming. — Mutton Rather than \\'ool. Report JIaine 
 
 Board of Agriculture, 1875, p. 161-176. 
 
 12. Muscle Beds. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1877, p. 211-216. 
 
 13. The Grasses of Maine. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1878, p. 
 
 1-24. 
 WiGGiN, Edward. Born in Bangor, November 14, 1837. Ed- 
 ucated in the public Schools. Enlisted in Sixth Maine Battery, 
 December, 1861, of which he was First Lieutenant, and was for some 
 time acting assistant adjutant general on staff of Second Brigade, 
 Artillery Division, Army of the Potomac. President of North 
 Aroostook Agricultural Society ; member of Maine Board of Agri- 
 culture, 1883-'85 ; President of the Maine Board of Agriculture, 
 1885 ; member of of the Maine Senate 1893. A teacher of experi- 
 ence and wj-iter of ability for the public press. Address : Mays- 
 ville Ctntre. 
 
 1. Aroostook. Address delivered at Boothbay, December 14, 1885. 
 
 Also opinions of others with reference to that county. Portland, 
 1887, 8vo, pp. -26. 
 
 2. A Series of Articles giving a history and description of each town in 
 
 Aroostook county, with special reference to their agricultural 
 features and capabilities. [Published in AVeekly Kennebec Journal, 
 Augusta, 1890-'!)1.] 
 
 3. The Agriculture of Aroostook County. [In Report of Industrial and 
 
 Labor Statistics of Elaine, 1890, p. 68-7!).] 
 
 4. Soil E.chaustion and IIow to Prevent It. Report Maine Board of 
 
 .Vgriculture, 1883, p. 37-47. 
 
 5. Advantages of Aroostook County. Report Mainc^ Board of Agricul 
 
 ture, 1883, p. 137-158. 
 
 6. Intellectual ami Social Culture among Farmers. Report Maine Board 
 
 of Agriculture, 1884, p. 131-149. 
 
 7. Progress in Agriculture. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1885, 
 
 p. 186-202. 
 Mr. Wiggin is also the author of ".Maine: Its History, Development, 
 Resources and Industries," to be published as a contribution to the liter- 
 
90 AGRICULTURAL BIBLIOGRAPHY. 
 
 ature of the Columbian World's Fair, one chapter of which is devoted to 
 the agriculture of the State. 
 
 Wilson, Naihaniel E. Bora in Orono, October 15, 1867. 
 Graduated from Maine Stale College, with degree of B. S. in 1888. 
 Assistant Chemist Vermont Expeiiment Station; chemist Bergen- 
 port Chemical Company, Bayonne, N. J. ; now Chemist to the 
 Nevada State Expeiiment Station, Reno, Nevada. 
 
 1. Sugar Beet Experiments. Bulletin No. 13, Agricultural Experiment 
 
 Station, Universitj' of Nevada, October, 1891, 8vo , pp. 40. 
 
 2. Potato Experiments. Bulletin No. 14, Agricultural Experiment Sta- 
 
 tion, University of Nevada, December, 1891, 8vo., pp. IS. 
 
 3. The Creamer}' Industry. Bulletin No. 16, Agiicultural Experiment 
 
 Station, University of Nevada, April, 1892, 8vo., pp. 66. 
 
 4. Cheese and its Manufactui-e. Bulletin No. 18, Agricultural Experi- 
 
 ment Station, University of Nevada, November, 1892, 8vo., pp. 27. 
 
 WiNSLOW, Isaac O. Born in Fairfield, January 30, 1856; grad- 
 uated at Brown University, Providence, R. I., 1878; degree of 
 Master of Ajts conferred upon him by his alma mater, 1887. 
 Master of a piiblic school in Providence for six years ; member of 
 Council of Maine Experiment Station, 1889-'92 ; Lecturer of Maine 
 State Grarge, 1891-'2; member of Maine Senate, 1893. Has 
 contributed largely to the agricultural press of the State. Address : 
 St. Albans. 
 
 1 . The Principles of A gi Iculture for Common Schools. New York, 1891 , 
 
 12mo, pp. 1D2. 
 2 Market for Dairy Products. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 
 
 1890, p l-;8-143. 
 3. Home Grown Fioducts for Daiiy C>w. Eepoi t Maine Board of 
 
 Agriculture, 1801, p. 108-117. 
 4 Education for Faimers. Report Maine Board of Agriculture, 1890, 
 
 p. 55-66. 
 
GENERAL INDEX. 
 
 A general index to the Iwcnty-tbree volumes of the Agriculture 
 of Maine, embracing the transactions and reports from 1850, to 
 and including 1875, was published in 1876, the year of the Cen- 
 tennial Exposition at Philadelphia. In his introduction to that 
 index the Secretary of Ihe Board of Agriculture, said: "The 
 twenty-three volumes on the agriculture of Maine here indexed 
 present to the farmer a record of facts and observations which 
 embody almost every varied duty of his vocation, and nearly every 
 principle which governs those duties and assists in their accomplish- 
 ment." Since that index was published, sixteen additional volumes 
 have been added to this long set of reports, one of the most 
 important seiies of volumes ever published relating to the material 
 interests of the State. During this period remarkable advance- 
 ment, improvement and discoveries have characterized all agricul- 
 tural operaiions, and the results of such improvements have been 
 fully recorded in th^se volumes. They contain so many valuable 
 essays, papers and lectures, recording the experience and practices 
 of the best farmes, in our own State and in other states and coun- 
 tries, in regard to methods and results ; as well as ths light which 
 science has thrown upon agriculture, that it has been deemed 
 fitting — now that the nafons of the world are uniting with the 
 United States in celebrating the four-hundredth anniversary of the 
 discovery of this Cont'.nent, and contributions of all kinds are being 
 made to the lilerature, science and art of the world — that this gen- 
 eral index should be revised to date, iu order that the wealth of 
 information embraced iu tbese volumes may be made available to 
 all desiring to coosult them. Hence, whenever the farmer, wishing 
 to ascertain the best practice, or the student in pursuit of science con- 
 nected with agiicuUure may desire to ascertain how far the volumes 
 on the Agricultuj-e of Mains may aid him in his investigation, 
 a few moments devoted to the followirg index will point out its 
 chief contents and the pages to be consulted. Generally only 
 the more important subjects and papers have been indicated, 
 
92 INDEX. 
 
 but it is believed they are sufficient to direct a clear and sat- 
 isfactory examination of the complete series. Each contributor 
 will find his name in the index, with the title of his tvork ; 
 while the index of subjects is so complete as to leave little to be 
 desired. The volumes are numbered by years, and where a refer- 
 ence is given, as "1874, ab. 127, "the "Abstract," or second part of 
 the volume is to be understood. 
 
 A. 
 
 Abbott, Prof. T. C, agricultural education and agricultural colleges, 
 
 1869, 383. 
 Abbott, L. P., on the culture of small fruiti, 1875 ab., 83. 
 Ackland, T. D., chemistry of farming, 1864 ab., .52. 
 Adams, J. ^1., address in Oxford county, 1852, .S69. 
 Adams, P. S., leaks on the farm, 1889, 165. 
 
 Agriculture, laws relating to, 1850,3; 1861 ab., 93; 1878, 183; 1891, 
 [Appendix.] 
 
 improved, 1864, 11 ; 1850, 497. 
 
 history of, iu Maine, 1856, 12. 
 
 wants of, in JIaine, 1856, 23. 
 
 and manufactures, 1864, 50. 
 
 conditions favorable to, 1867, 38. 
 
 progressive, essay on, 1869, 149. 
 
 scientific, 1871, 173. 
 
 as a business, 1872, 311. 
 
 and botany, 1872, 423. 
 
 and science, 1873, 375. 
 
 and manufacturing interests, 1873, 331. 
 
 system of practical, 1S74, 44. 
 
 progressive of American, 1874, 105. 
 
 board of, province of, 1874, 337. 
 
 fisheries in connection with, 1875, 1. 
 
 in Washington county, 1875, 177. 
 
 experimental work in, 1882, 114. 
 
 progress in, 1885, 186. 
 
 State aid to, 1886, 8. 
 
 societies of, 1887, 46. 
 
 the dairy in, 1887, 194. 
 
 and its needs, 1889, 193. 
 Agricultural education, 1851, 97; 1856,117; 1859,249; 1862,43; 1863,42; 
 1863 ab., 110. 
 
 experiment station, reports of, 1885, 249; 1886, 255; 1888, '235; 
 1889, 243; 1890, 235; 1891, 313. 
 
 college and board of agriculture, 1869, 221. 
 
 experiments at State College, 1878, 168. 
 
INDEX. 93 
 
 Agricultunil interests of Haiuc, 1850, 7; 1872, 319. 
 
 colleges, 1860, 81; isf,9, 383; 1872, 18. 
 
 eollege ill Maine, lS(i-2, 140; 1864, 177; 1865, 17, 227; 1870, 416; 
 1S72. 449; 1870, 208. 
 
 statistics, 1862, 154 ; 1863, 74. • 
 
 experimeuts, 1869, 310; 1872, 274. 
 
 and industrial colleges, 1866, 199. 
 
 draiua^c, essay on, 1808 ali., 201. 
 
 science, progress of, 1869, 332. 
 
 press, influence of, 1872, 393. 
 
 implements, history of, 1873, 363. 
 
 develoi)ment, a remedy for "iiard times," 1878, 93. 
 Alvord, II. E., butter factories and factoi'y butter, 1882, 197. 
 
 silos and ensilage, 1885, 81. 
 
 dairying the best farming for farm and farmers, 1885, 131. 
 
 cutting and seeding potatoes, 1886, 145. 
 Allen, Kev. C. F., aims and methods of JIaine state college, 1872, 18; 
 1875, 195. 
 
 science in agriculture, 1873, 375. 
 
 agricultural education, 1875, 94. 
 
 education of farmers and mechanics, 1877, 221. 
 
 best methods of retaiuing the fertility of the virgin soil, 1878, 113. 
 Allen, A. B., origin, breeding and management of Berkshire s^\■ine, 
 
 1878 ab., lie. 
 Anderson, .John F., prize essay on ueat cattle, 1855, 119. 
 
 essay on sheep, 1859, 171. 
 
 improvement of pastures, 1805, 55. 
 Animals, parisites of, essay on, 1869, 166. 
 
 chemistry of feeding, 1870, 173. 
 Apples, descriptions of, 1853, 398 ; 1874 ab., 118. 
 
 lists of, 1874 ab., 109; 1875 ab., 157. 
 
 for Aroostook county, 1880, 105. 
 Arnold, L. B., lecture on dairy farming, 1875, 120. 
 Aroostook county, agriculture of, 1857, 1 ; 1858, 195 ; 1867, 231. 
 
 advantages of, 1883, 137. 
 Artichoke, culture of, 1866, 91. 
 
 Atherton, W. P., methods and practices in fruit culture, 1881, 138. 
 Atwater, W. O., experiment stations in the United States, 1887, 215. 
 Aubert, A. B., culture and manufacture of sugar beets, 1876, 166. 
 
 scientific principles of cattle feeding, 1880, 127. 
 Ayer, r. W., raising neat stock, 1875, 155. 
 
 cost of fencing in Maine, 1876, 19. 
 
 B. 
 
 Barometers for farmers, 1860, 218. 
 
 Bates, Rev. George, address at Dixfield, 1850, 333. 
 
 Bates, Dr. James, address at Alfred, 1853, 117. 
 
94 INDEX. 
 
 Bartlett M. B., address at Loveii, 1S5.J, 207. 
 Bartlett, -T. M.. ine of Babcock milk t^=tei-. ISOl. 135. 
 Barns, lepoit oa. 1^57. ic:;. 
 Barnes, Phinelia-. on diaina^j and flowage. I^'jS, 20S. 
 
 on plowing and manuring in autumn, IS66, 99. 
 
 oa indu^tiial college-. 1866, 199. 
 Barnes. Frantis. nssoe'ai'^d da''.yiiig, l^^l. 200. 
 
 fine points in cheese making, 1>S2. 172. 
 
 cheese. lSi'4. 122. 
 
 the potato ia Aroostook county, IS^H, 9^. 
 Balentine, W., irnpro^ii: .g tl .? fei\:i:ty of the soil. 1S81. lf.3. 
 
 experimeatai wdk ij :'^x;eultuie; I^^i. lit. 
 
 soil e::haustion. ]-■; '.. 47. 
 
 mUk and its -eeret'oD, 1>S4. -?S. 
 
 phosphoric acid, ]>'. >. riO. 
 
 dairy sehool at the Slate College. 1S90, 156. 
 
 scope and character of i islltute work, 1S91, S. 
 
 the B.ibcoek mC".; te:-t, ISril, fy.i. 
 
 cheiDiicry of the chur j, ItSii , 74. 
 
 farm accounts. ICii, 2:;0. 
 Baiiihara, E. H., address of, 1S5S ab.. 216. 
 Bailey. B. C, oa marine madur-s. 1S59. 1S2. 
 Barrows. G. B., system of practical agriculture. 1>74, S6. 
 
 pro^lace of a board of agriculture. 1S74. 3C7. 
 
 state industr'.il exposifiOi, 1-7'j. !'SS. 
 Beaos. esperiments with fertilizers on. 1>"7. 246. 
 Beet root as a source of sugar. l?-e4. IC*. 
 
 sugar. 1S76. SO 
 
 Industry. 1^7t'.. 10". 
 
 in Maine. l5'7S. 174. 
 Beet culture. ]>;t. 2-'. 
 
 Bell.'S.. application of bus. jess princiiile? to farming, lSS;i5. 162. 
 Bennoch, J. E.. smaU fruits. 1SS3. 33. 
 
 Bird. J. B., qualities of cake and hay for shenp. 1S5S ab., 263. 
 Birds, insect eating. 1S73 ab., 203. 
 BUss. O. S.. on butter making. 1S71. 105. 
 Boardman, S. E., agricultural survey of .Somerset county, 1S60, 145. 
 
 survey of Kennebec county, 1Sk5. 121; 1^67, 11?. 
 
 influence of agricultural press. 1S7'2, 39C. 
 
 something about foods. 1>75: 207. 
 
 histoiical sketch of Maine Stat • College. 1S76. 20S. 
 
 Maine cattle, l''r4, 2.~'\ 
 
 agricultui.il use of fish ss fert'iizer and food for animals, IS" 
 42: .?.'. 
 
 agriculiurnl development a remedy for '-haii times," 1S7S. 93. 
 
 history of lud'-in corn, 1577 1. 
 
 the horse at agrieultnral exhibitions, 1S76, 120. 
 
95 
 
 JBodwell, Horace, possible capacity of milch cows, 1876 fl48. 
 
 methods of renovating farms, 1878, 48. 
 Bones and superphosphate, 1SG4. 88. 
 Bog lands, reclaiming, 1872, 116. 
 Boynton, Dr. Henry, sheep husbandry in iS'ew England, 1869, 187. 
 
 influence of climate upon man, 1869, 396. 
 Botany and agriculture, relations of, 1872, 423. 
 Board of agriculture, province of, 1874, 337. 
 Book-keeping for farmers, 1877, 78. 
 Bowen, G-. A., business side of farming, 1887, 62. 
 
 breeding for special purposes, 1887, 91. 
 
 farm life in Xew England, 1888, 35. 
 Brown, James Olcott, essay of, 1856 ab., 51. 
 Brown, Simon, progressive agriculture, 1869, 149. 
 
 on farmers' clubs, 1870, 38. 
 Bro^Ti, J. M., book keeping for farmers, 1877, 78. 
 Brown, A. I., farm wastes, 1885, 158. 
 
 raising early potatoes, 1886, 110. 
 
 compensations of farm life, 1887, 2i)2. 
 
 farm help, 1889, 136. 
 Brackett, George E., practical entomology, 1860 ab., 151. 
 
 parasitic insects of farm stock, 1871, 116. 
 
 on the keeping of fruit, 1873 ab., 121. 
 
 associated dairying, 1874, 37 ; 1875, 84. 
 
 commercial failures, 1875, 158. 
 
 beet sugar, 1876, 80. 
 
 muck, its value and uses, 1878, 129. 
 Brackett, Prof. C. F., parasites of animals, 1869, 166. 
 
 progress of agricultural science, 1869, 332. 
 Bradley, A., Holstein cattle, 1883, 102. 
 Bread and bread making, 1866 ab., 122; 128. 
 Breeding, principles of, 1860, 57 ; 1869, 5. 
 
 of farm stock, 1864 ab., 96. 
 
 for special purposes, 1887, 91. 
 Brewer, Prof. W. H., fungoid diseases of plants, 1868 ab. 180. 
 
 cattle breeding and dairy farming, 1873, 294. 
 Bruce, Alexander, on judging live stock, 1873 ab., 237. 
 Bradbury, A. L., on raising calves, 1874, 301. 
 
 Brainard, J. E., how to increase the fertility of our farms, 1885, 177. 
 Briggs, D. J., ensilage for sheep, 1885, 122. 
 Briggs, B. F., an honest horse industry, 1890, 36. 
 Burleigh, H. C., stock husbandry for Aroostook county, 1878 134. 
 Butterfield, J. W., wheat growing, 1883, 234. 
 
 does sheep husbandry renovate, 1883, 190. 
 
96 INDEX. 
 
 Butter making, 1871. 105 ; 1873 ab., 186. 
 and cheese making, 1866 ab., 125. 
 or cheese, 1874, 9. 
 history of, 1S77 ab., 303. 
 dairying, 1880, 116. 
 co-operative making of, 1881, 8. 
 factories and factory butter, 1882, 197. 
 making, 1882, 252. 
 
 making and selling milk, compared, 1883, 177. 
 making as a business, 1884, 8. 
 how I make prize, 1888, 78. 
 profits of making, 1888, 82. 
 co-operative, 1888, 88. 
 quality in, 1890, 121. 
 fine points in, 1890, 128. 
 what constitutes good, 1891, 120. 
 
 Calves, on raising, 1874, 301 ; 1875 ab., 173. 
 Campbell, D. "VV., agricultural societies, 1887, 8; 46. 
 Gary, Shepard, on drainage, 1861 ab., 78. 
 Cattle, prize essay on neat, 1855, 76. 
 
 foot and mouth disease in, 1870, 431 ; 1871, 371. 
 
 history of Maine, 1855, 76; 1874, 238. 
 
 food, cotton seed meal as, 1860, 223. 
 
 plague, 1865, 104; 1866, 179; 1870, 431. 
 
 breeding, 1871 ab., 52 ; 1873, 294. 
 
 feeding, science of, 1874, 44. 
 
 no, no crops, paper on, 1874, 283. 
 
 foods and methods of improving them, 1880, 26. 
 
 scientific principles of feeding, 1880, 127. 
 
 Holstein, 1883, 103. 
 
 husbandry in Xew England, 1SS4, 85. 
 
 feeding, 1885, 61). 
 
 commissioners' report, 1882, 283; 1S83, 442; 1884, 470; 1886, 
 [appendix ii] ; 1889, 233; 1890, 227; 1891, 269. 
 Carbolic acic, use of, 1869, 301. 
 
 Carmichael, H., what science may do for farming, 1887, 257. 
 Catalogue of fruits for Maine, 1856, 103 ; 1874 ab., 109 ; 1875 ab., 157. 
 Chamberlain, C, the soiling system, 1859, 212. 
 
 iipple orchards, 1867, 1. 
 
 improved agriculture, 1864, 11. 
 
 use of fruits and vegetables, 1867, 64. 
 
 man a destructive power, 18CS, 97. 
 
 protection of forests, 1869, 65. 
 
 homes and liow to make them, 1870, 59. 
 
INDEX, 97 
 
 Chamberlain, C, lessons of the year, 1S71, 200. 
 Chamberlain, L., principles of breeding, 1869, 5. 
 
 the grass crop, 1870, 96. 
 Chemical investigations, 1871, 155. 
 Chemistry of manures, 1867, 83. 
 Chemistry of the churn, 1891, 74. 
 Cheever, A. W., cattle foods, 1880, 26. 
 
 thorough work in farming, 1881, 151. 
 
 dairy farming and dairy cows, 1881, 11. 
 
 cattle husbandry in New England, 1884,^85. 
 
 potatoes for planting, 1886, 167. 
 
 the bright side of farm life, 1890, 43. 
 
 the farmer's garden, 1891, 227. 
 Cherries in Maine, 1875 ab., 64. 
 Cherry trees, English, 1853, 407. 
 Cheese, as an article of export, 1863, 111. 
 
 dairying, 1872, 241; 257; 1875, 137. 
 
 factories in Maine, 1872, 382; 1873,"402;31874 ab., 146; 1875 ab., 
 198. 
 
 making, fine points in, 1882, 172. 
 
 essay on, 1884, 122. 
 
 making, Canadian, 1890, 133. 
 Chessman, James, the dairy farmer and creameries, 1888, 112. 
 
 feeding of Ayrshire cattle, 1888, 143. 
 
 quality in butter, 1890, 121. 
 
 testing milk, 1891, 253. 
 Chicory, culture of, 1864, 172. 
 Churn, chemistry of the, 1891, 74. 
 Climate, influence of on forests, 1865, 71. 
 
 influence on man, 1869, 396. 
 Clarke, John Algernon, farm-yard poultry, 1868 ab., 219. 
 Clarke, Prof. W. S., botany and agriculture, 1872, 423. 
 Cleveland, H. W. S., on farm drainage, 1877 ab., 308. 
 Clover;as a fertilizer, 1869, 456. 
 
 in agriculture, 1887, 132. 
 Cobb, C. H., milk farming, 1881, 200. 
 
 cost of making milk, 1883, 269. 
 
 corn as a farm crop, 1891, 243. 
 Colts, breeding and raising of, 1888, 209. 
 
 Collier, Peter, sugar from sorghum and corn stalks, 1880, 169. 
 Cotton seed meal as cattle food, 1860, 223. 
 Cow, udder of the, 1866, 184. 
 
 the dairy, essay on, 1875, 112; 1877 ab., 80. 
 
 researches on the food of the, 1871, 96. 
 Cows, Jerseys as butter makers, 1888, 120. 
 
 Guernsey, ISSS, 133. 
 
 Ayrshires, and their breeding, 1888, 143. 
 
98 INDEX. 
 
 Cows, Holstein-Friesian, 1888, 152. 
 
 dairy temperament in, 1890, 160. 
 Commercial manures, essay on, 1869, 198. 
 Competition, western, 1886, 228. 
 Cooperation among farmers, 1874, 210 ; 1876, 94. 
 Cook, G. H., corn ensilage, 1887, 237. 
 Cook, E., the profits of orcharding, 1890, 186. 
 Cook, "W. W., variations in milk and its products, 1891, 80. 
 Composts, application of, 1871, .307. 
 Contageous diseases among cattle, 1874, 369. 
 Colburn, Horace, reclaiming hog lands, 1872, 116. 
 
 changes in farming, 1872, 377. 
 
 management of dairy cows, 1873, 40. 
 
 hutter or cheese, 1874, 9. 
 Corn, Stockhridge's fertilizer on, 18S7, 236. 
 
 culture of, 1877 ab., 294. 
 
 stalks, sugar from, 1880, 169. 
 
 growing, use of machinery in, 1883, 115. 
 
 cheap, 1886, 246. 
 
 Indian, 1889, 54. 
 
 as a fai-m crop, 1891, 243. 
 Cotswold sheep, history and breeding of, 1878 ah., 89. 
 Cranberry, cultivation of the, 1858, 151 ; 1876, 132. 
 Crop reports and forecasts, 1871, 352. 
 Crops, rotation of, 1863, 20; 1872, 177. 
 Cream raising, 1877 ah., 135. 
 Cross-breeding, 1866, 120. 
 Creameries, essay on, 1874 ab., 160. 
 
 in Maine, 1884, 5 ; 1887, 29. 
 
 business side of, 1891, 32. 
 
 latest conclusions in work at, 1891, 94. 
 
 the farmer and the, 1888, 112. 
 Cressey, Xoah, natural history and' pathology of the trichinous infection 
 of men and animals, 1886, 162. 
 
 diseases of domestic animals, 1886, 178. 
 
 transmission of bovine tuberculosis, 1880, 203. 
 Cuming, ^I. A., horse shoes and horse shoeing, 1857, 135. 
 
 biographical notice of, 1859, 238. 
 
 the horse, his nature and treatment, 1866, 161. 
 Cushman, Alfred, address of, 1859 ab., 183. 
 Cushman, E., cultivation of grasses, 1887, 174. 
 
 cheap corn, 1886, 246. 
 Cultivation, a fertilizing agent, 1861, 72. 
 
 plea for clean, 1871, 332. 
 Curd, development of acid in, 1878 ab., 69. 
 Cui-rier, John, fruit culture, 1862, 20. 
 Currant worm, history of, 1867, 244. 
 Cutter, J. D., top dressing for grass land, 1887, 242. 
 
99 
 
 D. 
 
 Dadd, George H., address of, 1850, 719. 
 Dairy cow, tlie, paper on, 1875, 112. 
 
 cows, managenient of, 1871, 10; 1873, 40. 
 
 husbandry, 1858, 57; 1862, 61. 
 
 farming, 1873, 294; 1874, 299; 331. 
 
 interests of Maine, 1873, 354. 
 
 needs of tlie, 1872, 242 ; 1875, IGG. 
 
 feeding of cows, 1876, 85. 
 
 stock, 1881, 99. 
 
 in Aroostook county, 1878, 151. 
 
 farming and dairy cows, 1882, 11. 
 
 conference, 1888, 50. 
 
 products, market for, 1890, 138. 
 
 how to secure good, iDroducts, 1890, 172. 
 
 profits of business, 1891, 67. 
 
 school at State College, 1890, 156. 
 
 home grown products for the, 1891, 108. 
 
 food'production for the, 1891, 152. 
 
 dollars in the, 1891, 216. 
 Dairying, associated, 1863, 111 ; 1870, 334; 1871, 35; 67; 1874, 37; 169; 
 1875, 84; 1875 ab., 190; 1881, 206; 1883, 71. 
 
 private, profits of, 1882, 141. 
 
 in AValdo connty, wants of, 1882, 162. 
 
 profits of, 1883, 61. 
 
 in Piscataquis countj'-, 1885, 39. 
 
 the best farming for farm and farmer, 1885, 131. 
 
 business, the, 1889, 154; 1890, 86; 1890, 114. 
 
 good business for Maine farmers, a, 1890, 114. 
 Daggett, Thomas, the business horse, 1886, 239. 
 
 corn for the silo, 1891, 181. 
 Davy, B. ^Y■, agricultural tour in France and Belgium, 1863 ab., 128. 
 Decimal system of weights and measures, 1866, 84. 
 Deering, J. !JI., stoclf husbandry, 1885, 212. 
 
 western completion, 1886, 228. 
 
 management of fairs, 1SS8, 30. 
 
 does the farm pay, 1888, 191 . 
 
 stock industry, our, 1890, 61. 
 
 cost of a ton of ha}^, fed on the farm, 1884, 174. 
 
 State aid to agriculture, 1886, 8. 
 Denton, J. Bailey, agricultural drainage, 1868 ab., 201. 
 Dike, Eev. S. F., bee culture, paper on, 1868, 24. 
 
 industrial schools and common schools, 1868, 65. 
 Diseases of the horse, 1874, 317. 
 
 contagious, among cattle, 1874, 369. 
 
100 INDEX. 
 
 Domestic animals, parasitic diseases of 1866 ab., 160. 
 
 diseases of, 1886, 178. 
 Dodge, Allen W., market fairs, 1858 ab., 292. 
 
 Douglass, F. D., raise more and buy less, 1888, 179. 
 
 the philosophy of farm improvements and its crop production, 
 1888, 184. 
 Drew, Rev. W. A., address of, 1850, 7. 
 
 address at Portland, 1851, 548. 
 Drainage, 1851, 115; 1873, 37; 1891, 222; 1S77 ab., 308. 
 Dunham, D. M., history of agi'icultural implements, 1873, 363. 
 
 on irrigation, 1874, 31. 
 
 farmers' experiments, 1874, 354. 
 
 sheep husbandry, 1S75, 149. 
 
 co-operation, 1876, 94. 
 
 farm crops for Aroostook county, 1878, 161. 
 
 imports and exports of fertilizers, 1871, 170. 
 
 E. 
 
 Eaton, Rev. H. M., address at Readfleld, 1863, 53. 
 Earth closet manure, 1873 ab., 217. 
 
 Education, agricultural, 1851, 47 ; 1856, 117 ; 1859, 249 ; 1862, 43 ; 1863,"42 ; 
 1863 ab., 110; 1875, 94. 
 
 of farmers and mechanics, 1877, 221 ; 1891, 55. 
 
 and labor, 1882, 219. 
 Ellis, R. W., barn manures and their ajpplication, 1887, 105. 
 
 profits of dairying, 1888, 82. 
 
 business dairying, 1889, 154. 
 
 dairying a good business for Maine farmers, 1890, 114. 
 English agriculture, progress of, 1859 ab., 204. 
 Ensilage for sheep, 1885, 122. 
 
 corn, 1887, 237. 
 
 and fodder corn, 1890, 207. 
 Entomology, practical, 1860 ab., 151. 
 Epizootic and contagious diseases, 1874, 369. 
 Experiments in ngriculture, 1872, 274; 1874, 354. 
 
 at State College farm, 1883, 430; 1885. 333. 
 Experiment stations in the United States, 1887, 215. 
 
 Maine, reports of, 18SS, 335 ; 1889, 243 ; 1890, 235 ; 1891, 313. 
 
 F. 
 
 Faies, management of, 1866 ab., 198; 1884, 105; 1888, 30. 
 Farm law, lecture on, 1870, 305. 
 
 experiences of 1870, 1871, 206. 
 
 stock, cooked food for, 1871, 245. 
 
101 
 
 Farm stock, rearing and feeding, 1872, 149 ; 1873, 384. 
 
 buildings, 1857 ab., 36; 1873, 75. 
 
 accounts, 1857 ab., 60; 1862, 5. 
 
 labor, essaj' on, 1874 ab., 242. 
 
 method of renovating a, 1878, 48. 
 
 crops for Aroostook county, 1878, 161. 
 
 wastes, 1885, 158. 
 
 how to increase the fertility of the, 1885, 177. 
 
 life, compensations of, 1887, 212. 
 
 life, in New Englund, 1888, 35. 
 
 does it pay, 1888, 191. 
 
 help, 1889, 136. 
 
 accounts, 1889, 150. 
 
 life, the bright side of, 1890, 43. 
 
 experiments at State College, 1883, 430; 1885, 333. 
 Farming, chemistry of practical, 1854 ab., 149. 
 
 ornamental, 1873, 372. 
 
 recent changes in, 1872, 334; 377; 1873, 6; 1873 ab., 173. 
 
 in Knox county, 1873 ab., 164. 
 
 elevation of, 1874, 19. 
 
 as a profession, 1874, 04. 
 
 success in, 1875, 181. 
 
 what science may do for, 1887, 251. 
 
 in Washington county, 1880, 187. 
 
 for success, 1880, 75. 
 
 thorough work in, 1881, 151. 
 
 success in, 1882, 93. 
 
 application of business principles to, 1883, 162. 
 
 business side of, 1887, 62. 
 
 Importance of specialties in, 1889, 121. 
 
 business, 1890, 96. 
 
 specialties in, 1891, 159. 
 Farmers, intellectual wants of, essay on, 1856 ab., 51; 1857 ab., 39; 50. 
 
 co-operation among, 1874, 310. 
 
 and mechanics, education of, 1877, 221. 
 
 practical education of, 1884, 71. 
 
 intellectual and social culture among, 1884, 131. 
 
 education for, 1890, 55. 
 Farmers' clubs, 1870, 38; 376; 396; 1871, 137; 229; 1872, 171. 
 Farrington, J. E., agricultural experiments at state college, 1878, 168. 
 Ferguson, Thos., experiments with special manures, 1858 ab., 248. 
 Ferguson, "W. E., cutting and planting potatoes, 1877, 243. 
 Ferguson, ^\^. B., labor and education, 1882, 219. 
 Fertilizer, clover as, 1869, 456. 
 
 potash salts as, 1871, 344. 
 
 fish as, 1875, 1. 
 
 artificial, 1878 ab., 101. 
 
102 INDEX. 
 
 Fertilizer, home made, 1881, 23. 
 
 how to compound and apply, ISSo, 112. 
 
 and plant food, 1888, 214. 
 Fertilizers, report of inspector of, 1882, 286; 1883, 412; 1884, 473; 1885 
 
 249 ; 1886, 255. 
 Fences and fencing, 1876, 1. 
 
 statistics of, 1876, 8. 
 
 cost of, in Maine, 1876, 19. 
 
 farm, and barbed wire, 1882, 236. 
 Fernald, Prof. M. C, the distributions of rains, 1870, 126. 
 
 plant growth, 1871, 40. 
 
 protection from lightning, 1872, 38. 
 
 agriculture, compared with other industries, 1873, 331. 
 
 education and labor, 1875, 72. 
 
 taxation, 1876, 48. 
 
 the margin of profit in farm crops, 1877, 114. 
 Fernald, Prof. C. H., lecture on destructive insects, 1875 ab., 17. 
 
 some of our injurious insects, 1877, 56. 
 
 natural history of potato-rot fungus, 1882, 210. 
 
 the grasses of Maine, 1884, 194. 
 
 sphingidfB of Xew England, 1SS5, [Appendix.] 
 Fernald, Granville, on cherries in Maine, 1875 ab., 64. 
 Feeding stock and its relations to tlie fertility of the farm, 1888, 169. 
 
 stuffs, composition of American, 1883, 278 
 Fish oftal as food for sheep, 1864, 42 ; 1869, 60 ; 1S75, 55. 
 
 breeding, artificial, 1865, 58. 
 
 culture, reports of state commissioners, 1SC7 ab., 68 ; 1868 
 ab., 88. 
 
 scraps and fish guano, 1875, 226. 
 Fisheries in connection with agriculture, 1S75, 1. 
 Flax, culture and management of, 1863 ab., 166. 
 Flint, C. L., progress of American agriculture, 1874, 105. 
 Floyd, S. T., why I prefer the Jersey, ISSS, 77. 
 Flynt, George, sheep, 1S76, 160. 
 
 sheep husbandrj' for Aroostook county, 1878, 142. 
 
 liquid manures, 1S77, 117. 
 Forbes, Eev. Darius, address at South Pari?, 1854, 297. 
 
 fodder corn and ensUage, experiiiients with, 1890, 207. • 
 Food, nature and composition of, 1804 ab., 149. 
 
 flesh meat as human, 1855, 40. 
 
 for farm stock, cooking of, 1S71, 245. 
 
 production for the dairy, 1891, 152. 
 Foods, a short treatise on, 1875, 207. 
 
 and feeding, ISSl, 38. 
 Foot and mouth disease in cattle, 1870, 431 ; 1871, 371. 
 Forests, j)rotection of, 1869, 65. 
 
 influence of, on climate, 1869, 73. 
 
103 
 
 Forests, destruction of, effects of, 1870, 408. 
 
 and climate, 1865, 71. 
 Foster, S. G., management of butter dairy, 1873 ab., 186. 
 
 feed and care of calves and heifers, 1875 ab., 173. 
 French, H. F., address at Saco, 1852, 137. 
 French, E. R., eulogy on Ezelciel Holmes, 1866, 44. 
 
 conditions favorable to agriculture, 1867, 38. 
 
 addresses of, 1858 ab., 158 ; 18G4 ab., 39. 
 Fruit culture, methods and practices of, 1881, 138, 
 
 business side of the creamerj', 1891, 32. 
 Fruit lists for Maine, 1856, 103; 1874 ab., 108; 1875 ab., 157. 
 
 cblture, 1862, 20; 1863, 133; 1864, 136; 1870, 370. 
 
 trees, grown in Maine, 1873 ab., 53. 
 Fruits and vegetables, use of, 1867, 64. 
 
 and flowers, 1872, 405. 
 
 for Maine, lists of, 1874 ab., 108 ; 1875 ab., 157. 
 
 the "iron clad," 1885, 10. 
 Fungoid diseases of plants, 1868 ab., 180. 
 
 G. 
 
 Galloway cattle, history of, 1866 ab., 89. 
 
 Gamgee, John, breeding hunters and roadsters, 1864 ab., 123. 
 
 Garden, the farmer's, 1891, 227. 
 
 Gardening, vegetables for Maine, 1887, 112. 
 
 Gennei't, E. Th., beet sugar industry in Maine, 1878, 174. 
 
 Geological survey of Maine, 1858 ab., 306. 
 
 Geology and natural history of Maine, 1861, 91 ; 1862, 217. 
 
 Gerrish, J. L., sheep husbandry, 1891, 179. 
 
 dollars in the dairy, 1891, 216. 
 Getchell, I. E., statistics of fencing, 1876, 8. 
 
 what products shall Maine export, 1877, 157. 
 Gilbert, Z. A., dairj' farming, 1869, 56. 
 
 jjlows and plowing, 1870, 275. 
 
 on farmers' clubs, 1871, 137. 
 
 cooliing food for farm stock, 1S71, 245. 
 
 changes in our farming, 1873, 0. 
 
 special farming, 1873, 393. 
 
 addresses of, 1873, ab., 37; 1S74 ab., 8, 220; 1875 ab., 36. 
 
 on planting an orchard, 1875, 65. 
 
 fences and fencing, 1876, 1. 
 
 the compost heap, 1877, 193. 
 
 silos anil ensilage, 1880, 12. 
 
 co-operative butter making, 1881, 8. 
 
 principles of fertility, 18s2, 131. 
 
 grass crop and what to do with it, 1883, 13. 
 
 associated dairying, 1883, 71. 
 
104 INDEX. 
 
 Gilbert, Z. A., machinery in corn growing, 1883, 115. 
 
 comparative profit of making butter and selling milk, 1883, 177. 
 
 dairying in Piscataquis county, 1885, 39. 
 
 cattle feeding, 1885, 69. 
 
 practices in private dairying, 1888, 50. 
 
 work of the separator, 1890, 148. 
 
 products of the dairy, and liow to secure them, 1S90, 172. 
 Gilbert, W., manuring for orchards, 1873 ab., 73. 
 Goodale, S. L., Maine grown fruit trees, 1S73 ab., 53. 
 
 dairy husbandrj', 1358, 57. 
 
 the grasses of Maine, 1859, 61. 
 
 principles of breeding domestic animals, 1860, 57. 
 
 the manufacture of cheese, 1863, 111. 
 
 fruit culture, 1863, 133 ; 1864, 136. 
 
 the beet root as a source of sugar, 1864, 168. 
 
 influence of the forest on climate, ISGS, 71. 
 
 the rinderpest, or cattle plague, 1868, 104. 
 
 cultivation of the hop, 1866, 54. 
 
 the udder of the cow, 1866, 184. 
 
 chemistry of manures, 1807, 83. 
 
 wheat culture in Maine, 1S6S, 121. 
 
 potato culture, 1868, 160. 
 
 rinderpest, 18CS, 181. 
 
 valuation of manures, 1869, 360. 
 
 foot and mouth disease in cattle, 1870, 431. 
 
 changes in farming in Maine, 1S72, 334. 
 Goodale, Prof. George L., on the diseases of plants, 1869, 129. 
 
 on agricultural experiments, 1869, 310. 
 
 researches on the food of cows, 1871, 96. 
 
 underdraining and deep tillage, 1860 ab., 122;_1862, 217. 
 Goessmann, Pi'of. Charles A., potash salts as fertilizers, 1S71, 344. 
 
 fish scraps and fish guano, 1875, 220. 
 Godfrey, J. E., address of, 1S73 ab., 43. 
 Goodridge, O. T., manures and their application, 1881, 65. 
 
 success in farming, 1882, 93. 
 Goodman, K., Jersey cattle and their butter, 1882, 183. 
 Gold, T. S., curing milk for market, 1870, 348. 
 
 production of milk, 1872, 122. 
 
 feeding vs. selling hay, 1881, 70. 
 
 milk farming, 1881, 104. 
 Gould, John Stanton, on plowing, ISGS ab., 151. 
 
 on meadows and pastures, 1872, 89. 
 Gowell, G. M., butter dairj-ing, 1880, 116. 
 
 the dair3' in agriculture, 1887, 104. 
 
 the Jersey cow as a money maker, 1888, 120. 
 
 what constitutes good butter, 1891, 121. 
 
 fine points in butter making, 1890, 128. 
 
INDEX. 105 
 
 Granger, George H., farmers' hymn for winter, 1856, G2. 
 
 the farmers' soug, 1856, 63. 
 
 the harvest time, 1852, 163. 
 
 farmers' hjinn, 1853, 136. 
 
 plaint of the bad farmer's dame, 1853, 136. 
 
 destruction of forests, effects of, 1870, 408. 
 
 farmers' ode to rain, 1854, 20. 
 Grapes in Maine, 1853, 414; 1857, 181; 1858, 204; 1860, 226; 1864, 140; 
 
 1873 ab , 105. 
 Grasses of Maine, treatise ou, 1858, 197 ; 1859, 61 ; 1878, 1 ; 1884, 194. 
 
 cultivation of, 1887, 174. 
 Grass lauds, management of, 1871, 323; 1875, 203. 
 
 top dressing, 1877, 242. 
 
 crop, improvement of, 1880, 191; 1883, 13. 
 
 green vs. dried, 1889, 215. 
 
 Green crop maniu-ing, 1873, 134. 
 
 H. 
 
 Hammond, J. K., profits of private dairying, 1882, 141. 
 
 profits of dairying, 1883, 61. 
 Harris, W. W., commercial aspect of poultry raising, 1877, 88. 
 
 cost of harvesting liay, 1884, 179. 
 Harwood, M. P., the liolstein-Friesian cattle, 1888, 152. 
 Hay teddar, the, 1868, 236. 
 
 making, principles of, 1868 ab., 165 ; 1870, 155 ; 380. 
 
 feeding against selling, 1881, 70; 1882, 98. 
 
 cost of a ton, 1884, 154 ; 165; 167; 174; 179. 
 Hawes, Silas, on mixed husbandry, 1873, 2. 
 Hayes, J. L., wool industry in our national economy, 1876, 179. 
 
 wool production and sheep liusbandry, 1877, 132. 
 Hayford, C, winter management of neat stock, 1878, 58. 
 Hersey, E., experiments in the culture of the potato, 1886, 118. 
 Henr}', W. A., experiments with Inmlis and sheep, 1890, 194. 
 Hichcox, S. A., how to bring up a New England Farm, 1890, 181. 
 Hight, B. M., labor and capital, paper on, 1875, 106. 
 
 success in farming, 1S75, 181. 
 
 demands of agriculture ou veterinary science, 1876, 98. 
 
 preparation of soil and fertilizer for Indian corn, 1877, 22. 
 History of Maine cattle, 1855, 7G; 1874, 238. 
 Hoard, "VV. D., dairy temperament of cows, 1890, 160. 
 
 a talk with a man who produces the butter, 1891, 40. 
 
 latest conclusions in creamei'y work, 1891, 94. 
 Hobbs, Charles C, farmers' ode, 1856, 22. 
 Holbrook, S. L., stock husbandry and its relation to fertility, 1883, 23. 
 
 "speed the plow," 1883, 219. 
 
 cost of hay in rotation, 18S4, 167. 
 
106 INDEX. 
 
 Holbrook, S. L., jurisdiction of the board of agriculture, 1886, 18. 
 
 the potato ctop, 1886, 113. 
 Holmes, Ezekiel, addresses of, 1851, 42 ; 766 ; 1853, 251 ; 1855, 221 ; 1864 
 ab.. 111. 
 
 aquaeculture, paper on, 1864, 99. 
 
 memoir of, 1865, 207. 
 
 eulogy on, 1866, 44. 
 Homes and how to make them, 1870, 59. 
 Hops, cultivation of, 1866, 54 ; 1877, 107. 
 Horse shoes and horse shoeing, 1857, 135. 
 
 education of the, 1859, 241. 
 
 the Percheron, 1869, 297; 1888, 198. 
 
 nature and treatment of the, 1866, 161. 
 
 bone diseases of the, 1874, 317. 
 
 at agricultural exhibitions, 1876, 120. 
 
 the business, 1886, 239. 
 
 industry, the, 1890, 36. 
 
 breeding, 1891, 201. 
 Horses of Maine, history of, 1855, 43. 
 
 and oxen, for farm labor, 1857 ab., 91. 
 
 breeding of, 1863 ab., 181 ; 1869, 111. 
 
 cross-breeding of, 1866, 141. 
 
 on raising, 18C7. 17 ; 1855, 49. 
 Hoskins, T. H., apples for Aroostook county, 1880, 105. 
 
 ' the iron clad tree fruits, 1SS5, 10. 
 Howard, Sanford, management of pastures, 1866 ab., 102. 
 
 remarks on the horse, 1855, 40. 
 
 history of Galloway cattle, 1866 ab., 89. 
 Hunter, T. B., sheep as renovaters of the farm, 1881, 188. 
 
 I. 
 
 Implements, report on farm, 1858, 1.54. 
 
 history of farm, 1873, 363. 
 Indian corn, historical sketch of, 1877, 1. 
 
 preparation of soil and fertilizers, for, ls,S7, 22. 
 
 planting, culture and harvesting, 1887, 32. 
 
 uses and value of the crop, 1S77, 37. 
 
 as a farm crop, 1891, 243. 
 Improvements on the farm, 1888, 184. 
 Insect eating birds, 1873 ab., 203. 
 Insects injurious to vegetation, 1S58, 167 ; 1877, 56. 
 
 on farm stock, jjarasitic, 1871, 116. 
 Influence of education upon labor, 1875, 72. 
 Industrial exposition, a State, 1875, 188. 
 
 schools, 1865, 65 ; 1866, 199. 
 Irrigation, paper on, 1874, 31. 
 
 of land, 1860 ab., 139. 
 
INDEX. 107 
 
 Jamieson, T. J., on the breeding of oattle, 1871 ab., 55. 
 Jenkins, E. H., composition of American feeding stuJls, 1883, 278. 
 Jersey cows as dairy animals, 1875 ab., 178. 
 
 as cheese producers, 1875 ab., 186. 
 
 and their butter, 1882, 183. 
 Jefiferds, P. M., on raising horses, 1867, 17. 
 Johnson, "Warren, address of, 1858 ab., 112. 
 Johnson, Prof. S. ^V., on tlie potato disease, 1863 ab., 90. 
 
 soil exhaustion and crop rotation, 1872, 177. 
 
 agricultural experiment stations in Europe, 1878, 255. 
 Johnson, Samuel, address of, 1855 ab., 37. 
 Johnson, John, Jr., pasture lands, 1866 ab., 113. 
 Johnson, Prof. S., potato culture, 1886, 151. 
 Johnson, D. B., stock farming, 1885, 77. 
 Jordan, W. H., principles of manuring, 1880, 42. 
 
 plant food, 1885, 52. 
 
 chemistry of silo, 1885, 125. 
 
 clover in agriculture, 1889, 122. 
 
 feeding value of skim milk, 1888, 102. 
 
 Keep, M. E., address at Patten, 1858 ab., 231. 
 Kennebec county, survey of, 1855, 121 ; 1857, 113. 
 Keyes, J. O*, Stockbridge fertilizers on corn, 1877, 236. 
 
 feeding and care of stock, 1881, 30. 
 Knight, Rev. E., address at Maple Grove, 1853, 367. 
 Knights, C. V., profits of the dairy business, 1891, 67. 
 Knowlton, D. H., practical education of farmers, 1884, 71. 
 Knox county,5farming in, 1873 ab., 164. 
 
 L. 
 
 Labor, essays on, 1871, 123;31872, 144; 1873, 55; 1871, 350; 1874 ab., 242. 
 
 and education, 1875, 72 ; 1882, 219. 
 
 and capital, paper on, 1875, 106. 
 Lambs, growing for early market, 1889, 186. 
 Lang, T. S., on breeding horses, 1869, 111. 
 Lang, J. W., curse of human parasites, 1872, 385. 
 
 our wants and resources, 1873, 62. 
 
 survey of Waldo county, 1873, 165. 
 
 dairy interests of Maine, 1873, 354; 1874 ab., 169; 1875 ab., 190. 
 
 farming as a profession, 1874, 94. 
 
 dairying in Waldo county, 1882, 162. 
 
108 INDEX. 
 
 Lang, J. W., oui worn lands, 1883, 199. 
 
 practical co-operation, 1886, 81. 
 Lane, Henry, sugar beets lor stock feeding, 1872, 263. 
 
 breeding merino sheep, 1881, 166; 1883, 249. 
 Laws relatingjto agricultnre, 1850, 3; 1861 ab., 93; 1878, 183; 1891, 
 
 [appendix.] 
 Law for the farmer, 1870, 305. 
 Law, Prof. James, bone diseases of the horse, 1874, 317. 
 
 on epizootic and contagious diseases, 1874, 369. 
 
 plea for veterinary surgery, 1877 ab., 375. 
 Lawes, J. B., stock raising and beef making, 1871, 20; 1872, 149. 
 
 scientific agriculture, 1871, 173. 
 
 manuring for potatoes, 1866, 159. 
 Leonard, Kev. H. C, addresses of, 1856 ab., 189; 1857 ab., 16;3;i858 ab., 
 
 184. 
 Lebroke, A. G., lecture on farm law, 1870, 305. 
 Leland, H. L., permanent pastures and their maintenance, 1878, 69. 
 
 pastures, 1885, 203. 
 Lermond, E., improvement of the grass crojD, 1880, 191. 
 
 dairy stock, 1881, 99. 
 Letiecq, A., Canadian cheese-making, 1890, 133. 
 Lewis, Harris, on milk, 1874, 73. 
 Libby, E. H., beet sugar, 1876, 103. 
 Little, Henry, address at Bangor, 1852, 839. 
 Lightning, protection from, lecture on, 1872, 38. 
 Lincoln, A. R., farming in Washington county, 1880, 187. 
 
 home made fertilizers, 1881, 23. , 
 
 Live stock, on judging, 1873 ab., 237. 
 Loomis, Prof. J. E., address at Portland, 1850, 497. 
 Loring, George B., raising neat stock, 1869, 172. 
 
 boards of agriculture and agricultural colleges, 1869, 221. 
 Lucas, L. L., stock raising and beef making, 1871, 20; 1872, 149. 
 
 changes in our farming, 1873 ab., 173. 
 Lufkin, G. W., experiments with fertilizers on potatoes, beans and ruta 
 bogas, 1877, 246. 
 
 M. 
 
 Maine state agricultural society, report of secretary, 1855, 3; 1880, 193; 
 1882, 272; 1883, 287; 1S84, 298. 
 dairymen's association, transactions of, 1877 ab., 107 ; 1878, ab., 65. 
 Maine, wants and resources of, 1873, 62. 
 
 reports on natural history of, 1861, 91; 1862, 217. 
 
 state college, 1862, 146; 1864, 177; 1865, 17; 227; 1869, 383; 1870, 
 
 416; 1872, 479; 1875, 195. 
 list of fruits for, 1874 ab., 108; 1875 ab., 157; 1884, 369; 1885, 
 474. 
 
INDEX. 109 
 
 Maine, history of cattle, 1874, 238. 
 
 weeds of, 1869, 239. 
 
 cherries in, culture of, 1875 ab., 65. 
 
 ornamental and useful plants of, 1874, 157. 
 
 state college, historical sketch, 1876, 208. 
 Mallett, I. E., on co-operation, 1874, 310. 
 
 renovation of waste lands, 1878, 79. 
 
 Indian corn, preparation of land for, culture and harvesting of, 
 1877, 32. 
 Mansfield, F. L., agriculture and its needs, 1889, 193. 
 Manure, salt as, 1861, 65 ; 1864, 22. 
 
 muscle bed as, 1862, 207; 1864, 46; 1877, 211. 
 
 sea-weed as, 1861, 57. 
 
 night soil as, 1866, 81. 
 
 from the earth closet, 1873 ab., 217. 
 
 production of, 1870, 173. 
 
 green crops .as, 1873, 134. 
 Manures, 1856, 79; 1857, 175, 188; 1858, 176; 1863 ab., 96; 1870, 30. 
 
 marine, 1859, 180; 1861, 43; 1875, 1. 
 
 valuation of, 1869, 360. 
 
 on the chemistry of, 1867, 83. 
 
 commercial, 1869, 198 ; 1871, 189. 
 
 application of, 1871, 307. 
 
 for oi-chards, 1873 ab., 73. 
 
 special experiments on, 1858 ab., 248; 1860, 233. 
 
 imports and exports of, 1877, 170. 
 
 liquid, 1877, 177. 
 
 the compost heap, 1S77, 193. 
 
 muscle beds, 1877, 211. 
 
 and their application, 1881, 65. 
 
 barn, and their application, 1887, 105. 
 Manuring, surface and top-dressing, 1860 ab., 113. 
 
 and plowing in autumn, 1866, 99. 
 
 with green crops, 1873, 134. 
 
 methods of, 1878, 87. 
 
 principles of, 1880, 42. 
 31angold wurzels, culture of, 1855 ab., 275. 
 Maple sugar and syrup, manufacture of, 1858, 210 ; 1862, 47. 
 Mapother, E. D., flesh as hmnan food, 1865 ab., 49. 
 Market f.airs, 1858 ab., 292. 
 
 Mattocks, C. P., history of Cotswold sheep, 1878 ab., 89. 
 Maury, M. F., crop forecasts and reports, 1S71, 352. 
 McAdam, Eobert, develoijment of acid in curd, 1878 ab., 69. 
 McKeen, B. W., sweet corn culture, 1887, 53. 
 
 stock feeding and its relation to the fertility of the farm, 1888, 169. 
 
 business farming, 1890, 96. 
 
 specialties in farming, 1889, 121. 
 
110 
 
 Meat and manure, production of, 1870, 348. 
 Meadows and pastures, 1872, 89. 
 
 Merrill, S. P., experiments in feeding swine, 1877, 240. 
 Millj, supply and adulteration of, 1873 ab., 263. 
 
 general treatment of, for butter and cheese, 1874, 73. 
 
 curing for market, 1870, 348. 
 
 production of, 1872, 122. 
 
 cows, possible capacitj' of, 1876, 148. 
 
 setting for cream raising, 1877 ab., 135. 
 
 effect of feed on quality of, 1877 ab. 76. 
 
 farming, 1881, 104; 200. 
 
 comparative profits of selling and making butter, 1883, 177. 
 
 cost of making, 1883, 269. 
 
 what to do with it, 1883, 273. 
 
 and its secretion, 1884, 48. 
 
 feeding value of skim, 1888, 102. 
 
 the Babcock test for, 1891, 63 ; 135 ; 253. 
 
 variation in, and its products, 1891;[^80. 
 
 production of, 1891, 126. 
 Mixed husbandry, 1873, 2. 
 Morse, P. H., address of, 1859 ab., 105. 
 Moore, Albert, irrigation of land, 1860 ab., 139. 
 
 sheep husbandry in Somerset county, 1866, 11. 
 
 culture of wheat, 1869, 26. 
 Moore, A. L., cost of a ton of hay, 1884, 165. 
 
 butter making, 1882, 252. 
 Morris, C. J., agriculture as a business, 1872, 311. 
 Morrill, J. S., speech on agricultural education, 1863 ab. 110. 
 Mott, H. A., history of butter, 1877 ab.. 303. 
 Muck, treatment of, for manure, 1857, 191. 
 
 value and use of, 1878, 129. 
 Murch, K. ^Y., cost of a ton of hay when grown for sale 1881, 154. 
 
 good husbandry, 1886, 68. 
 Mutton, production of, 1875, 161. 
 
 N. 
 
 Nash, J. A., address of, at Gardiner, 1855 21. 
 Natural history, survey of Maine, 1861, 91 ; 1862 217. 
 Neat stock, on raising, 1869, 172 ; 1875, 155. 
 
 winter management of, 1878, 58. 
 Nelson, J. P., Jersey cows as cheese producers 1875 ab., 186. 
 
 dairying in Aroostook county, 1878, 157. 
 Nichols, J. R., on bread and bread making 1866 ab., 122. 
 
 artificial fertilizers, 1878 ab., 101. 
 Night soil, value as a manure, 1866, 81. 
 
INDEX. Ill 
 
 North, J. W. Jr., on creameries, 1874 ,ili., 160. 
 
 on Jersey cows as dairy animals, 1875 ab., 178. 
 
 the dairy cow, 1877 ab., 80. 
 
 effect of feed on quality of milk, 1878 ab., 70. 
 Nourse, B. F., address at Baugor, 1850, 810. 
 
 o. 
 
 Olivee, H. K., address at Saco, 1855, 193. 
 Orchard, on planting an, 1875, 65. 
 Orchards in "Winthrop, history of, 1853, 413. 
 
 renovation of, 1859, 205. 
 
 manure for, 1873 ab., 73. 
 
 and their cultivation, 1867, 1: 1872, 58; 1873;ab.,[8; 1874 ab., 50; 
 1875 ab., 40. 
 Orcharding, 1882, 260. 
 
 profits of, 1890, 186. 
 Organization among farmers, 1887, 62. 
 Osgood, Eev. H. P., address at Dover, 1857 ab., 309. 
 Oxford county agricultural societj', history of, 1850, 207. 
 
 on fruit growing in, 1850, 311. 
 
 Palmer, F. H., on insect eating birds, 1873 ab., 203. 
 Parasitic insects of animals, 1869, 166; 1871, 116. 
 Pasture lands, 1866 ab., 113. 
 
 Pastures, improvement of, 1857 ab., 86; 1866 ab., 102; 1865,"55; 1872, 89; 
 1875, 203. 
 
 management of, 1876, 70. 
 
 permanent, their maintenance, 1878, 69. 
 
 management of, 1885, 203. 
 Payson, Edward, on brains in agriculture, 1873, 321. 
 Pears, plums and grapes in Maine, 1855, 237. 
 
 for Maine, lists of, 1858, 164; 1863, 240; 1874 ab., 132 ;21875,ab., 
 166. 
 
 culture of, 1863, 225. 
 Percival, "Warren, sheep husbandry, 1860 ab., 116. 
 
 on our agricultural influence, 1872, 167. 
 
 breeding and feeding farm stock, 1873, 384. 
 
 essay on labor, 1874, 350. 
 
 shorthorns as dairy animals, 1875 ab., 206. 
 Perham, Sidney, addresses of, 1853, 181 ; at ^Vayne, 1854, 165. 
 Perley, S. F., the grasses of Maine, 185S, 109, 197. 
 
 practical suggestions in agriculture, 1861 ab., 84. 
 
112 
 
 Perley, S. F., winter care of stock, 1863, 150. 
 
 farm accounts, 1862, 5. 
 
 maple sugar, 1862, 4". 
 Percheroii liorse, essay on, 1869, 297. 
 Phosphoric acid, 1890, 90. 
 
 Pigs, breeding and management of, 1864 ab., 187. 
 Pilje, X. P., breeding and teed of dairy stock, 1878 ab., 65. 
 Plant growth, 1871, 40. 
 
 nutrition, 1876, 31. 
 
 food, 1885, 52. 
 Plants, diseases of, 1869, 129. 
 
 of Maine, treatise on, 1874, 157. 
 Playfair, Lyon, nature and composition of food, 1864 ab., 149. 
 Pleuro pneumonia in cattle, 1862, 203. 
 Plows and plowing, 1870, 275. 382 ; 1873, 100. 
 Plowing, essay on, 1868 ab., 151. 
 Plum, culture of, 1863, 225. 
 
 Plumb, Charles S., whole potatoes best lor seed, 1886, 149. 
 Potato culture, experiments in, 1863, 5; 1868, 160; 1869, 420; 442. 
 
 dilferent methods of cutting and planting, 1887, 243. 
 
 experiments with fertilization, 1 887, 246. 
 
 disease, 1863, ab , 90. 
 
 history of, 1869, 90. 
 
 rot fungus, natural history of, 1882, 210. 
 
 in Aroostook county, 1886, 98. 
 
 raising early, 1886, 110. 
 
 u sure crop, 1886, 113. 
 
 experiments in the culture of, 1886, 118. 
 
 chemistry of the, 1886, 133. 
 
 cutting and seeding, 1886, 145. 
 
 whole ones, best for seed, 1886, 149. 
 
 culture of the, 18SC, 149. 
 
 facts about the, 1886, 157. 
 
 manuring the, 1886, 159. 
 
 planting the, 1886, 161. 
 Potash salts as fertilizers, 1871, 344. 
 Poultry, farmyard, essay on, 1868 ah., 219. 
 
 raising, commercial aspect of, 1887, 88. 
 
 how to make profitable, 1883, 127. 
 
 for profit, 1884, 89. 
 
 management of, 1885, 224. 
 
 intensive culture of, 1889, 172. 
 Power, force and matter, essay on, 1866 ab., 47. 
 Prentiss, Sarah J., ode, 1850,332. 
 Proctor, John W., address at Biddeford, 1854, 3. 
 Porter, H. F., agriculture of Washington county, 1875, 177. 
 
IKDEX. 113 
 
 R. 
 
 Rains, essay ou the distribution of, 1870, 126. 
 
 Keuovatiiig worn out lands, 1859, 185. 
 
 Richardson, J., soils and their comiwsitiou, ISS-^, 102. 
 
 farm accounts, 1889, 150. 
 
 farm drainui,'c, 1891, 222. 
 Rinderpest or cattle plague, 1805, 104; 18(iS, 181. 
 Roads, condition and construction of, 1870, 223. 
 Road making, 1858, 206 ; 1870, 245. 
 Roadsters and hunters, breeding of, 1864 ab., 123. 
 Robinson, A. M., essay on labor, 1871, 123. 
 Roberts, I. P., milk production, 1891, 126. 
 
 food production for the dairy, 1891, 152. 
 Robbins, ilrs. Mary L., how I make prize butter, 1888, 78. 
 Rogers, George A., manuring aud top dressing, 1860 ab., 113. 
 Roosevelt, E. B., water culture and land culture, 1872, 220. 
 Roots for cattle and hogs, 1859, 190. 
 Rural life, poem on, 1S56 ab., 180. 
 Ruta bagas, experiments with fertilizers upon, 1877, 246. 
 
 S. 
 
 Salt Marshes, management of, 1869, 16. 
 
 Salt as manure, 1861, 65 ; 1864, 22. 
 
 Sanborn, J. W., extensive farming for success, 1880, 75. 
 
 food and feeding, 1881, 38. 
 
 Indian corn, 1889, 54. 
 Scamman, Seth, on salt marshes, 1889, 16. 
 
 on farm labor, 1S72, 144. 
 
 on improvement of pastures, 1871, 284. 
 Ssience in agriculture, 1873, 375. 
 Scientific agriculture, profits of, 1871, 173. 
 Scribner, F. L., the weeds of Jlaine, 1869, 239. 
 
 ornamental and useful plants of Maine, 1874, 157. 
 Sea weed as manure, 1861, 57. 
 
 tish, restoration of, 1S07, 68; 1868 ab., 88. 
 Sex In animals, regulating the breeding of, 1804, 175. 
 Seed corn, 1878,30. 
 Sheep, history of Maine, 1855, 138. 
 
 aud wool, 1868 ab., 80. 
 
 best breeds of, 1858, 194. 
 
 cake and hay lor, 1858 ab., 203. 
 
 cross breeding of, 1866, 120. 
 
 experiment in feeding, 1875, 58. 
 
 fish offal as a feed lor, 1864, 42 ; 1869, 60 ; 1875, 55. 
 
114: INDEX. 
 
 Sheep, husbandry, 1863, 65 ; 1870, 387 ; 1875, 149 ; 161 ; 1876, 160 ; 1891, 
 174 ; 179. 
 
 in Somerset count}-, 1868, 11. 
 
 in Washington county, 1863 ab., 45. 
 
 in ISTew England, 1869, 187. 
 
 for Aroostook county, 1878, 142. 
 
 and wool production, 1877, 132. 
 
 Cotswold, history of, 1878 ab., 89. 
 
 the Mermo, 1881, 166. 
 
 as renovators of the farm, 1881, 188. 
 
 feeding, the Merino, 1883, 249. 
 
 husbandry, does it renovate, 1884, 190. 
 
 and lambs, experiments with, 1890, 194. 
 
 ensilage for, 1885, 122. 
 Shaw, J. E , dairy farming, 1874, 299. 
 
 on pastures and grass lands, 1875, 203. 
 
 feeding hay, 1881, 93. 
 Short, F. G., experiments with fodder corn and ensilage, 1890, 207. 
 Shorthorns as dairy animals, 1875 ab., 206. 
 Small fruits, culture of, 1864, 29; 1875 ab., 83; 1891, 191. 
 Smith, J. H., management of agricultural fairs, 1866 ab., 178. 
 Smith, Alfred, on orcharding as a business, 1875 ab., 40. 
 Smith, S. S., growing of sweet corn for canning, 1881, 121. 
 Smith, H. M., farm fences and barbed wire, 1882, 236. 
 Silos and ensilage, 1880, 12; 1885, 87. 
 
 chemistry of, 1885, 125. 
 
 corn for, 1891, 181. 
 Simmons, J. B., parasitic diseases of domestic animals, 1866 ab., 180. 
 Simpson, A. L., culture of fruits and flowers, 1872. 
 
 essay on labor, 1873, 55. 
 Soiling, system of, 1859, 145. 
 Somerset county, survey of, 1860, 145. 
 Soils, preparation of, 1866 ab., 70. 
 
 improvement of, 1870, 268. 
 
 exhaustion of, 1872, 177. 
 
 improvement of fertility of, 1881, 183. 
 
 exhaustion and how to prevent it, 1883, 37; 47. 
 
 and their composition, 1888, 181. 
 Sorghum, sugar from, 1880, 169. 
 Sour Krout, 1867, 228. 
 
 Spooner, W. C, on cross breeding, 1866, 120. 
 Special farming, 1873, 393. 
 State industrial exposition, 1875, 188. 
 Stevens, Rev. D. T., address of, 1852, 619. 
 Stetson, C. B., on county roads, 1870, 223. 
 Stickney, Rev. D., address of, 1859 ab., 170. 
 
INDEX. 115 
 
 Stra\Y chaff for feeding purposes, 1871, :273. 
 
 Strawboriy culture, 1886, ol. 
 
 Stock raising and beef making, 1871, 20; 1872, 140. 
 
 breeding and feeding, 187.S, ,S84; 1871, 44; 1875, 155. 
 
 feeding, sugar beets for, 187'2, 263. 
 
 husbandry for Aroostooli county, 1878, 134. 
 
 feeding and care of, 1881, 30. 
 
 husbandry and its relations to fertility, 1883, 23. 
 
 farming, 1885, 77. 
 
 husbandry, 1885, 212. 
 
 feeding, 1887, 155. 
 
 industry, 1890, 67. 
 Stockbridge, Levi, plant nutrition, 1876, 31. 
 
 management of pastures, 1876, 70. 
 
 impressions received from rambles in tlie West, 1889, 30. 
 Starrett, L. F., farming in Knox county, 1873 ab., 164. 
 Starrett, Miss S. C, dignity of farm labor, 1874 ab., 242. 
 Sturtevant, E. Lewis, on the dairy cow, 1875, 112. 
 
 culture of Indian corn, 1877 ab., 204. 
 
 seed corn, 1878, 30. 
 Superphosphate of lime, 1SG4, 88. 
 Success, what constitutes, paper on, 1870, 258. 
 Sugar beets for stock feeding, 1872, 263. 
 
 culture and manipulation of, 1876, 166. 
 Swine, history of Maine, 1855, 142. 
 
 experiments in feeding, 1870, 416; 1877, 240. 
 
 history of the Berkshire breed, 1878 ab., 116. 
 Swett, Vim., orchards and fruit culture, 1872, 58. 
 Sweet corn, grown for canning, 1881, 121. 
 
 culture of, 1887, 53. 
 
 Talbot, George F., sheep husbandry, 1863 ab., 45. 
 Tanner, Henry, breeding farm stock, 1864 ab., 96. 
 
 breeding and management of pigs, 1864 ab., 187. 
 Taxation, 1876, 48. 
 
 municipal, 1886,86. 
 Thing, T>. II . agricultural fairs, 1870, 5. 
 
 on underdraining, 1870, 146. 
 
 success in business, 1870, 258. 
 
 associated dairying, 1871, 35. 
 
 "pay as you go," paper on, 1871, 299. 
 
 address of, 1874 ab., 32. 
 Thomas, "\V. W. Jr., address of, 1874 ab., 12. 
 Thompson, Rev. Zenas, address of, 1851, 431. 
 Tobacco culture, 1863 ab., 159. 
 
116 IKDEX. 
 
 Tolman, A. J., strawberry culture, 1886, 54. 
 
 vegetable gardening for Maine, 18><1, 112. 
 True, N. T., renovation of orchards, 1859, 205. 
 
 addresses of, 1853, 3; 1858 ab., 88; 1857 ab., 179; 1858 ab., 77. 
 
 insects injurious to vegetation, 1858, 167. 
 
 sketch of Dr. Ezekiel Holmes, 1865, 207. 
 Tuberculosis, transmission of bovine, 1886, 203. 
 Turner, Prof. J. B., on power, force and matter, 1866 ab., 47. 
 
 on preparation of soils and cultivation, 1866 ab., 70. 
 Tinkham, O. il., butter making as a business, 1884, 8. 
 Twitchell, G. M., how to make poultry profitable, 1883, 127. 
 
 poultry for profit, 1884, 39. 
 
 poultry, 1885, 224. 
 
 the necessities of to-day, 1887, 123. 
 
 the Percheron horse, 1888, 108. 
 
 intensive poultry culture, 1889, 172. 
 Tynan, John, report on mangold wurzels, 1858 ab., 275 
 
 U. 
 Udder of the cow, functions of, 1866, 84. 
 Underdraining, 1856, 60 ; 18.58, 221 ; i860 ab , 122 ; 1S61 ab , 78 ; 1870, 146 ; 
 
 1871, 236. 
 Useful and ornamental plants of Maine, 1874, 157. 
 
 Yarsey, J. A., on floriculture and gardening, 1874 ab., 5G. 
 
 culture of flowers, 1877, 96. 
 Vegetation, diseases of, 1862, 10. 
 A'eterinary science, demands of upon agricultm-e, 1876, 98 
 
 surgery, plea for, 1877 ab., 273. 
 Virgin soil, best methods of retaining the fertility of, 1878, 113. 
 Vinton, W. H., management of fairs, 1884, 105. 
 Volcker, Dr. Augustus, principles of hay maldng, 1868 ab. 65. 
 
 clover as a fertilizer, 1869, 457. 
 
 on chemical investigations, 1871, 155. 
 
 value of artificial manures, 1871, 189. 
 
 on straw chalf for feeding purposes, 1871, 273. 
 
 on earth closet manuie, 1873 ab., 217. 
 
 on milk, 1873 ab., 263. 
 Vose, T. W., municipal taxation, 1886, 36. 
 
 W 
 
 ^ValdO coimty, survey of, 1873, 165. 
 Walker, J. B., Indian corn and its culture, 1868 ab., 125. 
 on plowing, 1873, 160. 
 
117 
 
 Washburn, C. L., oranbcny culturo, ]S7(i, 133. 
 Wasson, Sanmel, essay on marine manures, 1850, 183. 
 
 artificial fertilizers, 18(>7, 74. 
 
 the ideal farmer, 18(!8, 56. 
 
 liistcay of the potato, 1869, !in. 
 
 water as an agriuultural agent, 1870, S.ill. 
 
 green crops as manure, 1873, 131. 
 
 elevation of farming, 1874, 19. 
 
 "no cattle, no crops," essa}- on, 1874, 283. 
 
 production of mutton, 1875, 161. 
 
 grasses of Maine, 1878. 1. 
 
 muscle beds, 1877, 211. 
 Waste lands, renovation of, 1878, 79. 
 Water as an agricultural agent, 1870, 359. 
 
 culture and laud culture, 1872, 220. 
 Webster, Rev. C. II., address of, 1857 ab., 219. 
 Weeds of ilaine, treatise on, 1869, 239. 
 Weights and measures, decimal system of, 1866, 84. 
 Weston, Dr. J. C, diseases of vegetation, 1862, 10. 
 
 agricultural education, 1862, 43. 
 
 agriculture and manufactures, 1864, 50. 
 
 cultivation of the grrape, 1873 ab., 105. 
 
 report of, 1874 ab., 75; 1875 ab., 136. 
 Wetherell, L., address of, 1859 ab., 69. 
 Wheat culture, 1858, 125; 1868, 121; 1869, 26; 1883, 234. 
 Whittier, P., orcharding, 1882, 260. 
 Whitcher, G. H., stocli feeding, 1887, 155. 
 
 fertilizers and plant food, 1888, 214. 
 "WTieeler, C. E., the business of dairying, 1890, 86. 
 Wiggin, Edward, soil exhaustion and how to prevent it, 1883, 37. 
 
 advantages of Aroostook county, 1883, 137. 
 
 intellectual and social culture among farmers, 1884, 131. 
 
 progress in agriculture, 1885, 186. 
 Willard, X. A., butter and cheese making, 1866 ab., 135. 
 
 associated dairying, 1871, 67. 
 Wiuslow, L. H., on drainage, 1873, 37. 
 
 ornamental farming, 1873, 372. 
 
 uses and value of Indian corn, 1877, 37. 
 Winalow, I. O., education for farmers, 1890, 55. 
 
 market for dairy products, 1890, 138. 
 
 home'grown products for the dairy, 1891, 108. 
 Winslow, C. M., sheep husbandry, 1891, 174. 
 
 horse husbandry, 1891, 201. 
 Woods, Mrs. J. E., on bread making, 1866 ab., 125. 
 Wool and sheep, treatise on, 1865 ab., 80. 
 
 industry in our national economy, 1876, 178. 
 
 production and sheep husbandry, 1871, 37. 
 
f 
 
 J 
 
 
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