. 34- The original of this book is in the Cornell University Library. There are no known copyright restrictions in the United States on the use of the text. http://www.archive.org/details/cu31924014523751 ALBERT R. MANN LIBRARY AT CORNELL UNIVERSITY Cornell University Library PN 4784.A3P93 The Press and the plow. 3 1924 014 523 751 PN 4724- A3 P95 380323 A LITTLE more than a year ago, the Farm Journal, Philadelphia, was awarded a silver sugar bowl by- Printers' Ink, the oldest and most important journal devoted to advertising, for the reason that Farm Journal best serves its purpose as an educator and counselor for the rural population of the United States, and is the most effective and economical medium for communicating with them through its advertising columns. Having thus been singled out and honored as being the foremost farm paper in this country, the question arose : what papers in other countries of the globe would be entitled to the award of similar sugar bowls, had they enterprising journals, like Printers' Ink, to make the necessary canvassing of merits, which in the case of Farm Journal extended over a period of six months. It is believed that the information thus obtained will be of interest to advertising agents and to advertisers generally, and that the publication, for the first time, of a list of the leading agricul- tural papers of the world will be not without value to those enter- prising merchants and manufacturers of this country who may wish to increase their business through advertising in foreign lands. In making this inquiry, it was impossible not to be struck with the predominating importance of agriculture in this country, and comparisons have naturally been made between the conditions that exist here and those abroad. That much of this agricultural greatness is due to our agricultural press, which exceeds in number, circulation, and importance all the farm papers published in the rest of the world, this little booklet will also endeavor to show. On Scullaiid's Jlilli. Ihe Leading Farm Paper O F THE UNITED STATE S W^\^ <' ^fifff'lSKgF^^ • > "" "" " ' "' >' "■ »»' ^' w fr«9niM^! < -uu r 11 01 tl 1 1 . m ..k -.■jTctii in\ riu! no r I, ili h . li.t.[H.n d HitrM Ik , 1 ,1 1 M, ir I li ml t ■MM hlrr. k Ih J U.I ..t rhil 1 ^ . It n ]iai.^ !>• 11 1 (.hi 1 1 Ihmk III li ^l^ II it 1 Hii.li Jp"' Ciblwi,u li« loulil h It knonn «lnl <1 n t.r< lis Bihb iiuiwicr tliin), il n to hsiLTi hiniy U lo n cow ^ 'fonlfjin j,p li 1 oes n re 1 ol Uii! Ill |r M ri« ihiT l^l-niM li iv f 1.-.ir imR thi f ih r U tint ini hih \i\m\ t 1 m, ^^^ "■^ "^ The following is the inscription en FARM JOURNAL graved on the Sugar Bowl p by PRINTERS' INK : resented to 1 All Vn tin By ll l., p Si inters l.JS, h. .111. 111. . Ink, ' ,^ of S I.I. II n-l .IS ■The liii.ii. 11 .;ir._ L ttle Irnil r.l 1 AWARDED JUNE 25th, igo2. Schoolmaster" in the Art of Advertising, to us: n\er a period of h.ilf ii \'i-.ir. llml imiu r, :ini II- oni_- that b<;st serve-^ its ]iiirposo as an i.ilnrato ei onomical mrditint f.ir comnitiiiH.atlni,^ w ii h ihi.ni t the intj .111,1 liiiiil FARM all thos ;h lis ai JOURNAL. ■ piililished in the ir lor the at^ricul- \ crtising columns. WEIN-ZErrUNG Yg,pMi O F EW of our city business men realize the paramount importance of our agricultural interests. They fail to see that in spite of our parade of commerce and industry, trust and merger, as a foundation for all industries, we are a great vigorous, sturdy, farming people. Superficially only are we a trading and manufacturing nation. Eighteen millions ot our citizens make their living bv manufacture in all its branches, ten billions of dollars is invested in mills and machinery ; but thirtf millions of our people are agriculturists, tzocnt-ij billions of dollars is roughly the value of our farm houses, farms, and the stock upon them. Five billions is paid to our farmers each year for the products of their land and stock — 25 per cent, on the capital invested. What Steel Corporation or Standard Oil Companv can boast these colossal proportions t This country is to-dav feeding its own well-kept millions, and is also the granary for a half of Europe. Nearly one-fifth ot all the wheat produced is grown on our plains and hillsides ; all the world does not raise cotton in volume equalling ours ; and of corn we raise three times as much as the rest of the globe. To handle properlv these great crops our manufacture of agricultural machinery has grown to be a vast industry, and to-day American implements are to be found in the fields ot every foreign land. No one doubts that a free press has had a large share in the building of our free nation. How much, then, is our agricultural greatness due to our agricultural press r It is at least very suggestive that in the period ot the great development of agricultural journalism — that is, since 1850 — farm values have increased fivefold. The gain from 1890 to i goo alone was five hundred and sixtv-four millions of dollars greater than the total value in 1850. There are fifty agricultural papers to-day where there was one fifty years ago. As a foundation tor our agricultural greatness we had the vast plains of fertile land brought within easy reach of foreign and growing domestic markets bv the revolutions in methods of transportation. But it was the agricultural paper which supplied the vehicle and much of the motive power in the phe- nomenal development. It carried to each isolated farm news of the farm world. It placed before the farmer the knowledge which others had acquired by theorv or by practical experience. It showed him the methods and tools with which he might succeed. The agricultural press encouraged the invention of labor-saving farm machinery. It urged the appli- cation of scientific methods in agriculture, the greater diversification ot crops, the formation of ^^i*tK-' Saliin Ii''h'If/ yiiri, irilh an Aiii'irlcmi hor.-^i'-hd'', h'uiL-s •>//},>' Xi/r, Eri'. ^'1 tropical field and lis fanners. farmers' fairs and farmers' organizations for mutual protection and encouragement, tiie application of business-like methods in pro- duction and distribution, the establishment of government I bureaus and experiment stations. Above all, there has been the surety to thousands of enterprising men of quickly and cheaply securing publicity for their inventions and products, for every new variety of seed, plant, fruit, poultry, and live stock, through the advertising columns of the rural press. The demands of every rural household have trebled in the fifty-three years under consideration, demands increased as much by the mental stimulus of the farm paper as by the abilitv to buv, which has come with the increased income of the farm, and the facility of purchase which the advertising columns have afixjrded. We believe that the true index of a nation's prosperity is its agricultural condition and its agricultural press ; in proportion as farm papers are few, or lacking, in a country, its agriculture is primitive, its people ignorant, and its standard of living low, and each rise in the scale of civilization shows a notable increase in the number and value of agricultural journals. There are published in the United States and Canada 538 papers devoted to agriculture, including those devoted to special lines of agricultural production — poultry-keeping, bee culture, live stock, garden- ing, the hav trade, etc. Their combined circulations approximate 7,000,000. In addition there are thousands of bulletins issued bv the various agricultural bureaus and experiment stations, both state and national. Nearly ever^- countr\' paper has a column or more devoted to the interests of its farmer readers. After months of patient elFort and considerable expense, we have collected a list of the agricultural papers published in the rest of the world ; it numbers 343. The list itself is published in the back of the book. We disclaim an\- responsibility for the circulation figures, but when figures are given they are quoted from the best information obtainable. Mexico and the pepperv Central American republics have in common a tropical climate, a primitive agriculture, and a population profound! v disinclined to hard work. But two of the seven small countries, Costa Rica and Salvador, support agricultural papers, and these are not of great importance. The Instituto Fisico-Geografico of San Jose, Costa Rica, prints and distributes about 800 of its Bolctitis among the agricultural classes each month. Salvador has its Bolctin Je Agriculture with 3,000 circulation. With a semi-tropical climate, a population of which many are ignorant, lazv Indians and half-breeds, a soil largelv barren and lacking water, and a turbulent historv, it is not surprising that Mexico is somewhat "backward" agriculturally. Cultivation of special crops, sugar, coffee and fruit, and the produc- tion of cocoa and vanilla claim most of her attention. Farming, as wc understand it, is hardly kno\vn, though some grain and live stock are raised in the higher parts of the country. Of the four or five papers published for farmers, the foremost appears to be Ei Hcraldo Agricola, a monthly sheet of 28 pages, published in Mexico City ; its circulation is about 15,000 copies. Grou-inij (vhuee/> In Onha. CENTRAL AND SOUTH AMERICA. whatever. hlrlccn of the l.rUiii-Amer,,Mn Kcpulihcs ha>c n.. .Lgr,>:nan.:il papers X>>i^ 'A-. This Cfii'ilral A nirfican ove-lianflUd plow (Jin's the plvnxdn II fn:if hand to goad his oxen. The bulk of South America presents very much the same situation as Mexico, minus the hopctlil signs for the future which that countrv can show. Except in the southeast there is no scientific agriculture, though vast stretches ot hill-country and plain, rivalling our prairie states in climate and fertilit)", lie waiting tor the farmer's plow. Mountainous Equador and Boli\-ia, A'enezuela the war- ridden, and Chile, clinging to the slope of the Andes, are equally destitute of agricultural publications. Colombia and the Guianas are in the same condition. Peru boasts a single journal, the BuHitin of the i\ation,i! Soiiety of' Agriculture , published monthl}" in Lima. Paragua\- and Urugua\' share in the better conditions of the south, and each supports two papers. The RiZ'istii Je Agroiiomia is published at Trinidad, Paraguax', and the IMonthh Rci'iczv of Pdnigu,i\, (French and English) at Assomption. Uruguav has the Rez'istd dc la Aiociacioii Rural, and the official Analis of the Department of Agriculture. Brazil and Argentina are, however, the great agricultural countries. Brazil leads with ten journals, as compared with the seven or eight i-if Argentina. All are ot recent origin, the Revista AgricoLi of Sao Paulo, Brazil, founded in 1S95, being the oldest. The leader, in energ\' as in circulation, is the thrce-\"ear-old 'Joriial Jos Agr'nultora, published hi-weekl\- at Rio de Janeiro. Agents throughout the countr\' push its circulation diligenth', and it has alread\' over I z,ooo subscribers. The editor states with pride that his is the onl\- paper which distributes free seeds and plants to its subscribers. Argentina is a close second to Brazil in her farm literature, and is probabK' the leading nation ot South .America in other respects. \ ast ^vheat fields are found in the interior, owned largelv hv foreigners, and worked b\" Italian labor. Huge herds of cattle \'ield beet, milk, and hides. Creameries are spring- ing up, and butter is extcnsivch' exported. La Agriiultura, ot Buenos Aires, is considered the leading farm paper, though the Bolctiii Jiiauitrial is much esteemed. Both are weeklies, the first-named issuing 6,000 or 7,000 copies, and the Bolftin an average of 4,000. For thousands of \-ears the soil of Africa has been culti\-ated bv man. Eg\-pt was the granary' of the world befjrc .Abraham came out of Chaldea. The overflow of the Nile and a spilendid s\'stem of irrigation made the agriculture ot th" Pharaohs the wonder of the world. In modern times, ho^vever, tillage of the soil has been rude and inadequate. Eg^'pt has onh' begun, under British auspices, to introduce modern methods. No agriculttiral paper exists in the countrv, although nearly 70 per cent, of the inhabitants, it is estimated, depend on the soil tor their living. Morocco has about a million inhabitants engaged in agriculture of the rudest descrip- tion, and has no farm publications. In the south, Dutch and English farmers are building up, along with the diamond trade, a great agricultural nation. Cape Colony has three papers for the farm, and other local journals devote much T H 'rnn haiichj v:agon needed here. of their space to farm matters. Natal has the Agricultural Jdunial aud 'Mining Record. The two new British States, Orangia and the Trans\'aal, are still prostrated from their three ^'ears' struggle, and have no agricultural literature. Zanzibar has no tarm papers and no farmers, practically its sole product being cloves. Ot the Cape journals the Cio\'ernmcnt's Au>,M-,„ai,dimmpU„rU„j;.,ih,.rarEmi. Agricultural Journal \i the most v\-idel)- distributed and most influential. The South African Agricultural Tf'cckh, published at ^^'vnbcrg, is also of value. Europe is in wealth, intelligence, energ\-, progress, and the general fertility of its soil, the garden spot ot the old world. Nowhere else is the same industry and knowledge displayed ; nowhere else are scientific methods applied to fertile land on a large scale. It must be acknowledged that this country is indebted to Europe tor many improvements in agricultural science. Nowhere else — alwa\'s excepting our own country, of course — are there so many and such powerful agricultural journals. Germany should probably be classed second in agricultural rank in the world. The superiority of the United States over the rest ot the world in tarm literature is no more impressive than that of Germanv o\'er the rest ot Europe. At Berlin is published the Bund dcr Landzvirtc, a ^veekly journal with 156,000 circulation. Seven provincial editions published simultaneously throughout Germany bring its total circulation up to 250,000. America itself has but tour journals exceeding these figures, and for a f jreign nation the\' are prodigious. Twent}--eight other great papers ha\e circulations well up in the thousands. Haui, Hof, (iartcn has 75,000; Dcr Gcsclligc, ^6,000; Illuitricrtc Landccirt- schaftlichc Zcitung, 40,000; Laudzcirtluchaftlicbc Anzcigcr, 25,000. And mere are man\- smaller papers, more or less local in scope and circulation. A number ot good tarm papers are published in Russia. Five ot the first class appear in St. Peters- burg, one at Moscow, and one at Riga, besides a number ot minor journals. Among the last should be mentioned the Gaz.ctta -Rolmicza, the chief agricultural organ of unhapp\- Poland, and two journals, a weekly and a bi-monthl\-, published in the province ot Finland. The selection of the leading journal is not easy. I'icst/tik Sclscago Choiiaiitva, piublished at Moscow with 3,000 subscribers, is the favorite of the best farmers. On the other hand, Sclskix ricstnik, a St. Petersburg weekh', claims the large circulation of 115,000, and appears to be energetic and successful. All things considered — extent and quahty of circulation, value of contents, and excellence of typography and general appearance — the a\vard wil probabl)' go to the I'icstnik Sclscago Chosiaistva, though there is room for difference ot opinion. It is a weekly of twent\' pages, well illustrated and printed, with a good advertising patronage. Though England is first of all an industrial coun- try, her agriculture is considerable. Heavily handi- capped by her general system ot tenant farming, and by the constant drain of young blood to the cities and An Arabj^luw in Utt Lui"i oj tSoshcn. J^ii.^.\i(i» farinerx threshinij with flails. the colonies, she is nevertheless among the first in modern scientific methods of agriculture. A million dollars' worth of improved farm machinery from this country alone is sold in England yearly. Considering their actual value to farmers, the first six English papers would rank about as follows : f I ) Farm, Field, lUid Fireside, published weekly at Lon- don, circulation estimated at 30,000 ; its strength and value lie chiefly in its position as the intimate friend and counselor of the smaller farmers ; {2) Farm and Home, also a weeklv, on much the same lines as Farm, Field, and Fireside, circulation 30,000 ; (3 ) Farmer and Stockbreeder, a splendid paper, circulation 10,000 weekly; (4) The Field, a weekly paper taken chiefly by "gentlemen farmers" and wealthy landowners, and largely devoted to sport, circulation 15,000 ; (5 ) The Rural World, a good paper with 10,000 circulation ; (6) The Mark Lane Express, considered as a kind of official agricultural gazette, circulation 5,000. Scottish and Irish farmers patronize the English papers to some extent, but each has its particular favorite, adapted to the needs of its own soil. Scotland the cannv has two great journals. The Scottish Farmer, published weeklv at Glasgow, and the North British Agriculturist, of Edinburgh. The former is generally thought to be the more valuable of the two ; their circulations are both in the neighborhood of 10,000 copies. Fertile Ireland possesses but one great paper, the Farmer' s Gazette, which has been for sixty years the authority on Irish agriculture. It is published weeklv at Dublin with 10,000 to 12,000 copies. The only other journal of note in the island is the Irish Homestead, which is of considerable merit. French agriculture presents few points of unusual interest. France is a country of moderately fertile soil, divided for the most part into small farms, cultivated with the greatest care by their owners. Wheat and dairy products are raised extensive!}". Agricultural journals, in general, are not of the first class. .\s France is chiefly Paris, so the farmers' reading matter is largely the product of that city. The great dailies, the Petit Parisien and Petit Journal, each issue a weekly review called U Agriculture Kouvelle and V Agriculture Modenie respectively. There is a daily paper, U Echo Agrieole, and the following \veeklies : Le Fermier, 'Journal d' Agricul- ture Pratique and Journal de I' Agriculture, all printed in the great city. Besides these leaders, the number of papers devoted to horticulture is unusually large. Lyons, Marseilles, Toulouse, and other cities have agricultural journals. The foremost of the country, value and circulation considered, is probably the Journal d' Agricul- ture Pratique, though the Journal de P Agriculture presses it closely. The former is the older. Part of Ihe American inra^ion. Pfanef Jr. hoe.'i af work in a S"<}nr hepf fie/if in Cfermani/. wmssB^^ THE LEADING FARM PAPERS OF GREAT BRITAIN. Farm, Fielfi, vnd I'lKF.sinic, c.f Lnndnn, is |>crliaps the most widely circiiiatcd, witli Farm ami Hclmf, a close .qeemul. See furtlieT ilescrlplioii on op[")itc page. .-In Emlli^h hnnr^tfirhl. having been established in 18^7. With it is published the Rcviic Horticok, eight years older than the Jouni.il, which is also a leader in its particular field. The circulation of the Journal is approximately 10,000. In general, Spain is an agricultural nation, practically halt' her people belonging to this class, but agriculture shares with commerce and trade the century-old lethargy which the nation is only beginning to shake ofF. Of true farming, indeed, there is not so much as might appear. A quarter of the total area of the country is uncultivated, and the production of oil and wine absorbs much ot her none too abundant energv. A hopeful sign appears in the number of agricultural papers published at Madrid, Valencia, Valladolid and Barcelona. The most valuable publication in the countrv seems to be La Agricultura Espanola, published fort- nightly at Valencia. The management of this journal issues a "library" of agricultural reports, experi- ments, etc., which arc ot much value. Five vcr\' good papers appear in Madrid. Portugal is geographicallv a part of Spain, but cnjovs rather better agricultural conditions and prospects. The countrv is comparativeK' well supplied with farm papers, including the following, published at Lisbon : Agricultura Contemporanca, A':;ricu!tura Portugucza, and Portugal Agricola. The last-named is thought to be the leader in this field. A most excellent illustration of the intimate connection between farming and farm papers is the wonderful little state among the Alps. A nation ot herdsmen, shepherds, and small farmers, the country supports nearlv twent\--five journals, distributed among the smaller towns. The result is a population of high general intelligence, contented, moderately progressive, and prosperous. The foremost of the journals is the Schwcizcrhchc LandzuirthsLhat'tliihe TjCitichrift, with a circu- lation stated at 14,000. It is published weekly at Aarau, and is one ot the oldest in the countrv, having been established in 1872. Dcr Scbiaci-zrr Bauer, a semi-weekly issued at Berne, has 1:5,000 circulation, and is of equal influence with the Zeitichrift, besides being 37 vears old. Its field, however, is rather less comprehensive. In the western cantons, where French is commonlv spoken, are several journals in that tongue, ot which the 'Journal (P Agriculture, with 5,200 circulation, is the chief. Italy is divided into three sections, the lo\cly and fertile valley of the Po in the north, the moun- tainous southern half of the peninsula, and the island of Sicih'. The last-named has alwa)'s been known fiir its fertility, but in modern times its population has not been ot a class capable ot giving it adequate cultivation. There are no agricul- tura! papers of importance. The valle\- ot the Po, on I'hnciiiif in diTYiiitnif GERMAN PAPERS. (77u's Hhistration s/wu's the icaJcrs of the Cfy)iian A-^ricultural J'tcs^.^ l3i'ND DRR l.ANDurKTR cifculatcs 25i-i. Cdpies \\eel;ly : iis influence on C'crrnan agriculture is \ ury great, (.lermany i~ ^i,. i.ii,l nly to our uwn cmiiUrN' in agriculture and auricultural litcraliire. the other hand, is to-da\- one of the garden spots ot the world, as it has always been. Agriculture, while not of the latest type, and largely directed to wine and oliye-oil production, is still the great industrw Grain is largely raised. The Minister ot" Agriculture at Rome publishes what is considered the most \aluable agricultural journal in the country, the BoHrtliiiv Vffii'id/i , published three times a \yeek. The leading paper ofpriyatc ownership is L' Itiiliii Agricohi, ot Piacenza, \\ hich has an estimated circulatidn ot i 2,000. U Jvi'icoltura ^lodcrna, I I J II ■^ij't''i- of Milan, and the B'jIIittiiio ,ir/" Jgrii'iltura, ot the same cit\', are probabh' next in rank. Each has a circulation of about 7,000. Austro-Hungar\' is an agricultural ciiuntr\', with somewhat o\'cr ^o per cent, rjt the population de\'oted to farming, cattle-raising, and gardening. Corn, wheat and oats are important crops. A^'hile Germanic in many respects, the countr\" is tar bchmd Germanx' in education and general intelligence, and the tarm papers as a rule " talk oyer the heads " ot the people. The chief ot the .Austrian journals is Dcr Oik'/iiovi, a semi-weekl\' published at A ienna, with an edition ot 3,800. The publishers also issue Dcr Pr.ikii'cbc Liuid:cirtl\ and the Wiener Laiulzvirtk- schiifllichc Zritii/ig, a wcckl\" and a semi-\\eekl\ respecti\'el\', with 2,000 and ^,"oo circulation. In the order giyen aboyc, their ages are 26, 40, and q :; \cars. Hungar\' is so nearK' an independent countr\' that \ye ma\' mention separateK" her chief journal, the koztelrk, an excellent paper published at Budapest. Its circulation is 7,200, most of which goes to the smaller farmers. The north of Europe is the home of a sturd\', rugged, and intelligent people, who tor centuries haye forced a liying from the rock\- soil. Nor\ya\' and Sx\eden differ \yidel\' in character of soil. Norway is practicalh' all mountains, and agriculture is difficult except in the narroiy yallevs, and the lower lands of the southeast. Sweden, on the other hand, is comparatively level, and a much better subject tor farming. AA'e are therefore scared}- prepared to find Norway leading in agricultural journals, but this is the case. The leader is the Norsk Landmandshlad, published weekly at C'hristiania. The Landmandsposten, of the same city, is also of value. The circulation ot both is limited, probabh' not exceeding 1,000 copies. Sweden has but three or four papers, of \yhich the chief is the Pr,iktiikt Landthruk, of A'argarda, printing 1,000 copies twice a month. The Sordisk Lividtmauiui 71dniii;r, a Stockholm weekly, is the only other publication ot importance. In Denmark agriculture takes a specialized form. She presents the best example in the world of dair\-- ing as a national industry, surpassing even Holland, Switzerland, or the west of France. For the needs ot the 900,000 Danish farmers, ele\'en papers devoted " to agriculture are published in Copenhagen, the chief of •■3^,'," V - which are the Ugrskrift for Landmacnd, and the .. ,™|^^, ;'^„^. A L-st i'utcli i)a[)L'i> NORTHERN EUROPE. iNiK Si:T_scA'"",n Ch'Isiaisiva, the leading Russian larm paper. Nn. i i I :iL RiLra, and has over 10,000 cinrLilatinn. Xi>. 1 .: is Sii.skiv Khi i/i ai n'. _\ ill. :.■ , ^. b. 8, and -i rirciilati.in. r>l-K Si HWBIZKK I'aii-.i^ ;tn(i hrHW FiziiniSLM (-: Landwirthscii AFii-iclli-: ZElTsr.HKlhT (^ r^n t h(i I el t I .lie 1 he liei^C in S\\ j;/erland, with i.;,i."_o and i4.cKje. circulation. Greece has but one I'arm paper. I'eltion <_iF( tK(iiK( ix, i^hown in the lower left-hand curner. Ihe IWlletjn'i I 'I [ 1. ■ Ai-KHOLTURA ib onc uf Italy's agricultural sheets. versatility of tlie Japanese that along with their great strides in commerce, manufacture, and the arts of war, they have made nearly equal progress in agriculture in the past generation. The present conditions are not wholly satisfactory, 5^ owing to the general svstem of tenant farming, and the exorbitant rates of interest demanded on I mortgages, etc. Nevertheless, with the finan- cial situation improving, and better farming methods being introduced, it is likeh' that the country will ,1 Bnrr ii-aiii i,i \,iiih Ati i< ,i "ot lose what it has gained. No less than t\vent\-eight journals are published in the native tongue, at Tok\'0 and other cities. The leaders are the Sf/'/zi'/i M'jiiiihy (The Popular Agriculturist), a monthh" published at Tokyo, with a circulation of iz,ooo, and S/i/j,' y,■«■- '^ /_.'f^.^l, W.sh.d a, .uppl»raenla, J .hc.t. I.> . I ■Ar.KRl'l.irKI'. NM\iVI-.Ll.b. ai - The circulation figures as given on the preceding and succeeding pages jjBs. irc not altogether satisfactorv. A vi\'id imagination is bv no means confined to American publishers, and a large proportion of the press refuses to give any figures. Manv of the papers mentioned are organs of agricultural societies, and are distributed free to its members, so that the edition printed gives no indication of the number of io/i/i fiJe subscribers. In the course of our investigations one of our representatives, a lad\-, called on the editor ot the leading journal of one of the European countries, which has a circulation estimated variously at from four to twcK'e thousand. " I asked," she says, " how many subscribers he had. I was not cjuite prepared for the answer. He said, ' One should never ask a lad\- her age nor an editor the number of his sub- ' '"' scribers.' I proniptK' replied that ot course the answer to the former necessitated the answer to the latter, and that I \\'as ^2 \ears old. Being a courteous old gentleman, there was nothing left for him to do but laugh and admit that he had 900 subscribers. He \-\as evidently so surprised at m\- information that he took no time to think it over, or he would perhaps have given a larger figure." Taking a comprehensive view, we mav sa\- that with the exception of the two or three leading agricultural nations, the foreign farm papers that exist do the ordinar\' peasant little good. Their field is too theoretical, their articles too scientific and technical, for his mind to grasp. This is especialb- true in most of Europe, where the burden of militarism \veighs hea\'ilv on the farmer, robbing him ot the \ears when he would be gaining a knowledge ot improved farming, and keeping him too poor to acquire that knowledge later. The farm papers show little energ\' or enterprise in combating this condition. Besides their making no effort to adjust their reading matter to the com- prehension of their readers, thc\- place the price of subscription at a figure ^\ hich is prohibitive to the tax-poor farmer. A campaign ot education tor the picasant and reform in the paper must come before the latter will gain greath' in size or influence. German)' is the shining exception to the conditions outlined above. Her superb school s\-stem has raised her agricultural populati(jn to a plane of intelligence tar above other nations in Europe, and the influence of her group of great agricultural journals has gi\-en her the first place, afi:er the United States, in the world's agricultural rank. It IS true that in Russia there are eighty millions of farmers cultivating the soil, and untold millions in India and China. But it will hardi}' do to call the latter farmers, or to dignifv their rude scratehings in the earth b\- the name ot farming. Russia is a great agricultural nation, and "will steadily grow greater as her peasantry- i letter educated and American farm machiner\' is introduced. Yet as long as Russia remains in the grip of ignorance, occasional famine, and an out-gro\\n feudal system, she will hardl) press German \- ver\- serioush-. The most striking result of the study of the rest of the world is. to emphasize the pre-eminent agricultural position of the United States, and the power and influence of her agricultural press. -At "■? A /i?a farm in ludUl. THE BRITISH PROVINCES. Tlie papers of India and Aii--tralasia are adapted to the sp-.-cial needs of tbi>';e countries. KtiiAN Pi.antim; ami Caiipenexg, Plan I IN'. ' )i'iNi'iN, and The 1 Kofii Ai. AiiKii 11- ri'Kisr art: the favorites ut English planters in India. Tut-: Hhhak H i- k aid is > .iie of the few paper-- in native tongues. The other papers illustrated are from .Uistralia, Xew Zealand, Cape Coliin>", Jamai'a, and Jlarliadus. JAPANESE PAPERS {/,i/'a>U'sc J'd/'crs (wr s/i/iht\/ at the rigJit instead of the I c/i as -zvitlt us.) No. 6 >,-,,. I, — XmKa Km<,iit>ku 1 I.eclvirc mi Al;i iciillure: i , Tnkyo. Xo. 2.— KAiUT.-,r /asmii ll'iuiL Joui-n;ili. Knl>c. Ku. 3- — HoKKAiuM Xmkaiiim ( Report I iukkaldo AK^iicultur Ko. 4.— SniN' K.-nn (Xew AuM. nlinrist I. Osaka. This is one of i\o. 9 the btst 1:11111 ii,Lp w uKai .u jo..><>o. Nn. 10 Xo. 5, — SiMNtN XiiKAinn I I'opuLir AKiiuLiUurist 1, l\ikyAi X'rrTi i\- X'l >kaii[') ( Rcpmt Japan Agricuhural Asso- ciation), iukyo. This papL-r stands secrmd -n iniimrlance. — Kmno Zasshi (japan A,LrrictUctirisi ), Tokvo. ~J I isiiGYii M> XiFi'ciN ( Industrial Japan), Tok>-n. — I iTSiji,-, M JiKciN (Industrial Jnurnal), 'J'okyM. — 1 1 rsiTr.vii /ass MI ( Industrial lia/elte). f-'uku'^hima. — Xmji Zass]II ( Agricultnral Journal), 'JokNo. — I'Ai X'iri'MM Xmvukai Kaihd (Report Assi>ciation j\,L;ricidtural Friends), Xagano. Xo. i A List of the Leading Agricultural Papers Published in Foreign Lands, showing also the frequency of issue.-'- w \v w M W ALGERIA niilletin Agricole de I'AlgOrie ARGENTINA La Agricultura Boletin Industrial Revista de Productos del Pais Vcncedor y Comprador dc Maquinas La Rural Ccntro Azucarero Anales de la Socicdad Rural de Ar- gentina Boletin Oficial de Agricultura Rcvista de la Facultad de Agronomia y Veterinaria AUSTRALIA P.istoralist's Review Station, Farm, and Dairy Fat'Tiier and Grazier Australian Agriculturist Agricultural (Jjzetti; Australian Iloirie and Fjrni Federal Pastoral ist Stock and Station Journal Australian Farm and Home Australian Pastoralist's Review Garden and Field Queensland Grazier AUSTRO-HUNGARY Ihr Oekouom SW Der Praktische Landwirth W Wiener Landwirthschaftlichc Zeilung SW Oesterreichesches Landwirtliscluifl- liches Wochenblutt Frick's Rundschau Zeitung der Landwirtlischaft Landwirthscliaftliche Zeitschrift lUustrierte Landwirth-Zeitschrift (irundbesitzer's Zeitung General Anzeiger fiir die Gesammte Landwirtlischatt lUust. Praklisclic Blatter f[ir Garten- SM Alger-ilustapha Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Buenus Aires Buenos Buenos Aires Aires Buenos Aires Buenos Aires M La Plata M W M M M M W iM M W W W Sj'dney Sydney Sydney Sydney Sidney Sydney S.\ dney ik'llioniue MuU'oume Melbourne Adelaide Biisbane Wicn Wien Wien Wien Wien Wien >\'ien Wien Wien Wien bau \\ien Allgemeine Landes-Zeitung Wien Wiener lUustrierte Garten-Zoitung Wien Zeitschrift fiir das Land. Vereuchs- wesen Wien Kiiztelek SW^ Budapest BARBADOS Agricultural News BW^ Barbados Agricultural Reporter D Barbados West Indian Bulletin Q Barbados BELGIUM Bulletin ilc PAgriculturt M Biuxelles Revue de PHortieulture Beige M Gand Le Paysan Beige Bruxelles Mentor Agricole Bru-\elles L'Indicateur Agricole BW Bruxelles La Belgique liorticole dSI Bruxelles L'liidustrie Laitiere Beige AV Bruxelles Journal des Societes Agricoles Bru.\ellus La Laiterie Beige M Rcnaix L'Fcho Veterinaire 11 Liege L'lngenieur Agricole M Geniblonx Revue GcnOrale Agronomique U Lou vain Revue GOnOrale du Lait SM Lierre *y>, Daily ; It', Wkkklv ; -lA MuNTrii-v Cape Town AVynberg Cape Town Craddock Uteiihage Catlieart Pietermarilzbui BRAZIL Jornal dos Agricultores BW Rio de Janiero Revista Agricola M Sao Pauh> A Lavoura Q Rio de Janiero Buletim da Agricultura M Sao Piiulo Revista Agricola do Rio Grande do Sul M Revista Agricola de AlngOas M AlagOas Agricultura Tropical M Buliia Uniao dos Lavradores AV Sao Paulo Boletim da Agricultura M Bahia Agricultor Pratico BM Recite CAPE SETTLEMENTS Agricultural Journal BAV Agricultural AVeekly W A£;ricultural Adveiliser Midland News Ltcnliage r'armer Farm Chronicle Agricultural Journal. and Mining Rec- ord COSTA RICA Boletin del liistituto FIsico-Gco- griiflco CUBA Ki Agricultor Cubano La Revista de Agricultura Cuba Agricola-Comercial El Tabaco Azuca r DENMARK Landmandsblade Ugcskriit for Landmaend Maanedskrift for Dyrlaegt-r Maelkeritidende National Tidcnde Botanisk Tidskiift Foderniarken Gardner Tidende llusmands Bljdet Landtiobladet Landbuveiinen Land og Sko\ljrugs Bladel Tidsskrift for Land Okonunii llonsegaarden Landbrugs Bladet FRANCE Journal d' Agriculture Prat iijUi' Le Fermic-r Journal dc 1' Agriculture Revue Hurticolc La Laiterie L' Agriculture Nouvelle L'Agi'i cull ore iloderne L'Eclio Agricole Journal des Roses L'Avenir liorticole Journal d' Agriculture Tropica le Annales Agronomiques Annates de la Science Agronimiiqui.' Journal Agricole Journal d' Agriculture Pratiipie Resale Horticole L'Apiculteur L' Industrie LaitiOre Le Jardin M San Jose W Ilribana 11 Ilabaiia M liabaiia SM Habana M Habana \V Kuljciilja\ri Ki)lK'nlia\ ri M Kulnjnlja\ii W Odense Kobenhavn Kubfnliavn Kob(.'n)ia\ 11 Kubenhavn Kobenhavn Kobenhavn Kobenhavn Kobenhavn Kobenha\n KubenhavTi "^^' Paris w Paris w Paris B\V Paris B\V Pans W Paris W Paris IJ Paris M Paris 11 Lyon M Paris M Paris Paris .\1 Pans M Toulouse Marseilles U Paris W Pans SJI Pari^ NTrri.v ; 1^ (Jr'AHTKKLV ; .•- ir, Si:mi-\Vei:kly ; /; 11', Hi-\Vi:kki.v .V,)/, Se5II-.Mi»t11LV ; B .V, Bl-.MllNTlll.V. La Porno] ogie Francaise La Semaine Agricole La Vigne Americaine Revue 1-Iorticole La Sucrerie Revue Veterinaire Revue de Viticulture L'EngTais Progri'S Agriculo et Vitieole GERMANY liuud del' Liindwirtc ITaus, Hof, Garten Der Gesellige Ilhistrierte Landwii tscliafUiclio Zei tung" LandwirthRcbafLliclie Anzi-iger Praktisclicr AVegweiser Deutsche Landwirthscbaftliclie Pi'esse Der Deutsche Landwirt Dvr Pi-Liktisclie Landwirtli I'Y'ld und "Wald JMitteilungeii der Drutsclicu Laiid- wirtschafts-Gesellschaft Landwirthschaftliche Zeitsclu'jft filolkerei-Zeitung Friihlings Landwirthscliaflliclu- Zeit ung l>er Acl;er)mrger Archiv des Deutschen LandwirLh- schaftrathes Bliitier flir Zuckcrriihenl.iau Die Biudekuiist Die Deutsche Zuckeriridustrie Drutsclie Agrarzeitung Deutsche Gefliigel Zcituiig Laudwirtlischaftliches Central blatt Laiidwirthschaftliclie Jalirbiiclier Laiidwirtbscluiftlicbe Anzeigei' Journal fiir L.widwirtliseli.it't Wald UTid Flur Die Garteinvelt Forstvei-kchrsl.ilatt Deutsche Landwirt hscliafts Zei tung Archiv fiir Thierheilkunde Berliner Thierai-ztliclie AVochenscliritt Milch-Zeitung Landwirthschaftliche Zeitschrift Landwii'thscliafllicbes Woclinildatt llessische Land. Zeitschrift Landwirthschaftliche "Woebenschnft Deutsche Giirtner Zeitung Obstbau Zeitung Roscn-Zeitung Siiehsische Landwirthschaftliche Zeit- f^cbrift Wochenblatt fiir Laiidwirthschat't Der Thierarzt Wochenscbrift fiir Thierlieill1 StuUg-a Rixdori Berlin ,rt i SM Berlin Erl'urt w Berlin Berlin Berlin Berlin Bialin Berlin Berlin Berlin Berlin Beilin Berlin UM Beilm \\- Berlin w Leipzig fl' Bonn w Kiel w DarmsU idt \v Halle \v Erfuit M i'rosl\au BM Trier Dreselen W StuUgai ■I M Welzlar W llilncliei 1 51 Kiel 11 Berlin N W Leinlnii w Londenn w I.nndon w L.iiidon 51 Linidon W Lcunlnn \V Lr)iuliin W Lomlnn L.,ndun W Lenidun JI London M London W London 51 London 51 London e Can len W London rnal 51 51anchesler W London 51 London W London W London W London \y Dublin w Dublin Dublin ^v (ilasgow ■ist w IMiiiliurgh GREECE Countrj' Gentleman Farming AVorld Bee-Keeper's Record Fowls Feathered World Agiicultutal KcnnnmiM Dairy C'ountry Life Dairy World Veterinarian The Field, the Farm, t International Sugar Journal Journal of Ilorticultui Veterinary Journal Garden (.iai'dener's Chruuicle (.iardening Fanners' Giizette Irish Farming World Irish Homi*?tead The Scottish l-'armi. r Xurth British AgricuKi Deltion Geo rg ikon HOLLAND Nederlandstb Landlxniw Weekbhid W De Veldpost SW Lie Pluimgraaf • W^ Aiinales d'Hurticulture De Hunderpest Tijdschrift voor Veeartsenijkunde il De Crund-Ceidraal Urgaan Pi'actisclie Laiidbniiw Almaiiak De Buer De llollandscbe Boer De Boeren:^laiid Landliuuwliehmg tlct Landbuuwbhid De Landbouwcouiant De Landbouw De Landman De Piaetisehe Landman De Landbuuwgids Landbou\Akiunick W'eekMad van den Landbouw W Nederlandscbe Weekblad W INDIA Indian Planting and Gardening Tropical Agriculturist Indian Agriculturist ^M^ntbly Indian Planters' Gazette Planting Oiiinam Imiiei'ial Fortnightly Assam Times Agriculturist Indian Fureyter Kheda Khelivudi Palra The Planter Krisikarak The Statesman AgricuUui. .M M \\' \V BW st ITALY L' Italia Agrieola 1/ Agi'ieoltura MudtTua H GoKivatore Bollettino dell' Agricoltura Glinica A'eterinai la Bollettino di Nolizie Agrarie Bollettino I'tficiale Amsterdam Amsterdam Haarlem Leiden Amsterdam Utrecht (ii'oningen \'eendani Alkniaar lie\-erwyk Cieiidringen (jJroningen Ilaag Groningen Arum Leeuwarden G'ouda Deventer G ulpen Sittart Doetinchem Calcutta Culombo Calcutta Calcutta Madras Delhi Dibrgurh Amraoti Mussoorie Nadiad Calcutta Amraoti Calcutta 51 Piacenza JI 51ilano W C'asale W 5lilano W 51ilaiio lirima ;w Konia JAMAICA -Ini il iif IIhj \y;n (.■ulliiral S„,kty M l\iiij;stun Ai,n'iL'uUiii;iI .luuriial JA PAN \l l\ini;^tori SciiK'ii NoUiiilio H Tokyo Dai Nippon Nolvaiho M Tokyo Sliin Nalio M Osaka Clmonojilio M Tokyo K'ono Z;isslii 51 Tnkl'O Nippon Sanffyo KaKi isliiiikail 10 M Tokyo Nogyo Tlochi M T"kyo Nosan Jiho M Tokyo Nojjyol^ai M Tokjo Nogyo Zasslii SM Tukyo Noji Zasslii M Toky.) Noka KogimKu SM Tcik^o Nogci Shinipo M Kyi.l.i Kalmlsu Zaaslii M K..I1C .1i)yiiti\o Zasshi M Fuko-lnri Konchu'^ckai M IlifM Sanyu Za-.^lii 11 Nagano iroknyolsii Nnlm M KliRata El Ilcraldo A-ricola I'll Aeriuiiltni- Mcxifano Agricnltor lludurno IC! Prni]:n.'SO dc Mexico Bolclin do Atificnltiira l?olelin ill? la f'amara La Tierva dc Afrxico Moxirn D 1 Ciiiliualiua M Jlexico ]) I" W Mexico D I ^[ Mexico D F rinadalajaia M Alexioo T) V NEW ZEALAND Nuw Zealand Fai'mcr Nt'w Zealand Dairy Weelily News M Auckland M Wellingfton W Ancklan.] NORWAY Norsk Landinaiid^Iilad Landniandsposien Norsk llavetidciidc Tidsskrift for dot Nnrskc La 1!. -visia .II- Af; roi loini; L Ml jlltlil\ ■ R. evit .'W of r ara; L!i ilclill dc At ;iic ■ultui ■ ^ PARAGUAY PORTUGAL id ad Miiitii'ii Pdrliiyal Ag-ricola liuletiii d'j Agncultura Archive Rural CoiTC'io Agricola Agricultiira Contonipoi-ai Agricultura Portiigui.'za Revista Tochnica Vinta Portugueza Jornal Horticolo Boletini do Syndicaln Al: A B C da Agricultura M I.isl.oa lu^iu/ia M Lislioa SJ( Lislxia W Lisboa Lisboa Lisboa Lisboa Lisboa ll|iorto t'nimbi S.M Lisboa Vieslnik Sols Selski}' Viestnik Seiskiy Khoziaiii Zcmledelclicskaia tJhazL;ta RUSSIA Cliosiaistva W Jloscow fl' St. Potevsbui^ St. I'otflslmi;; \V bt. Putcrsbui;; NaM.dri.i,. Kli,,zia\^(vo SI l',lorsboi| Ziin]i\ cdcine Mn^cow Solskiy Clinsiai^tva 11 SI. Polorsbur, DcT Oekonom Txiffa Gazetta Kolmicza \V.ii-sa\v Zemledielio \\ Kiev Kavkazskiy Sc-lskiy Cliosiaistva W Tillis Boktiii do .\g La Cooperation Ruialc SALVADOR SERVIA SPAIN Ay:i-icuUura Espaiiola Revista Vinicola \ai-iciilluia Ine'ustriosa Itrvisia .\[;rie"la Iliirlieulti.r La Croiiica de I'inos )' Cerealo Urvisla .\Kiio.,la lievista Amicola C.isUllaaa -\i".ij>:oii Atrricola Revista Vinicola E\ Resiimen dc Agi-icnltuia L'Art del Pages lievisla Ibiilienla HevisUi dr] Inst. San YMdn. La I'iiia Americana I'rakliskt Landlbnik Xnnlixk Laiidlni.niria-Ti Laodlinaiinen .N'erdisl> Meji-n-Tidiiin.g IIW San S.ilvado Wilrncia Madiid Miohid .Madrid .M.oliid Madri.l \'alladnlid \alla.kilid Zar.ig.,^;, Zai ago^a Barcelona Barcelona Barcelona B.ircelona Barcelona S.M W SWITZERLAND ScliweizeriscliG Landivirtliseliafllirhc Zeilscjirift ller Seliweizer Bauer Her Laiidwirlli Her Sehweizeri^elie ll.nlelil.au Sehweizer-Areliiv fiir TIderheilkuiidr 11, r Ziircher Bauer Zineher BlaUer fiir Thierseliotz Si hweizi risi lie Weiiizeitiing Seliweizeriselies Landwii-lliseliallliehes Centralblatt Zeilsclirift fiir (Ibsl- uiid Weinbau VolkswirtlLsehal't BliiUer fiir Laiidwirtliseliafl Seliwei/erisctie Milclizeitung Her Geiiosscnscliafter Laiiilwirthseliaflliclier Ratgelier r'lironiqne .\grieole -Tournal d'llorticiilture Journal de la SuC. d'lloi lieoUuie Le Jardiiiier .lourlial d'.VgneoUuie Suisse Coiirrier I'inicola TASMANIA Agricultural Gazelle Tasnianian Hail Cornier URUGUAY Itevista de la Asociacion Rui.il -\nales de Agiicultura \'ihglii, St.ieklii Linko,,, Stoekli, w .\aran SW Berne W Luzerii \v Zlirieli IIM Ziirieli W Ziirieli Ziiiii li Ziiiieh M Fraiieiilelil W Fraiienfeld ( il .... li.vhiikoii SclialTliaiisei Wintertlan Wyl S.M Lausanne JI Lausanne M Lausanne .M Genf M Geiif Genf M llobait W Hol.iart W Liiiniei'Stoii M Montevideo W Montevideo Comparative Statement Showing How the Circulation of One Paper in this Country, the Farm Journal, Exceeds the Combined Circulations of the Leading Farm Paper in Each Foreign Country of the Globe. Argentina . La Af;ricultura Australia . Australian PaslnralisCs llevicw Austria . Der Ookonom Barbados . Agriiailtural ^\■«^ Belgium . Bulletin de I'Agriinlture Brazil . .lornal dns Agricnltorcs Cape Colony Agricultural Jiainuil . . Costa Rica . Boletin Fisifo-( Jpogr.'iHco Cuba , Agricultor Cubano Denmark LandTnanilsblade England . Farm, Field, and Fireside France . .Truirnal d'Agriculture Pratiqtie . Germany . Bund der Landwirte Greece . Dehiou (Jeorgikon . . Holland. . Landlmuw Weekblad Hungary Koztelek India .Indian Blantiug and (iardeuing . , Ireland . Fanners' Gazette . Italy . L' Italia Agrieola .... Jamaica . Journal of the Agrieultural Society Japan . Seinen Nokaiho . . Mexico . El Ilcralilo Agrie(da New Zealand . Xeiv Zealand Farmer . . Norway . Norsk Landniandsblad ... Paraguay . Picvista ile Agrononiia . . Peru . Boletin de Agrieultura .... Portugal . Portugal Agrieola Russia Yiestnik Selscago ( 'liosiaistva . Salvador . Boletin de Agriculttira . . . Scotland . Sei.ttisli Fanner Servia . La * '"opcratien Uui-aie . . . Spain La Agrieultura Espanola ... Sweden Praktiskt Landtlirnk , Switzerland . Seliweizerische Lauilwirtlischat'tliche Zeit Tasmania . .Vgi'ietiltural Gazette Uruguay . Bevista de la Asoeiaeion Eural Total . ..,.,.. sell rift K,.")ll(l .1,0110 o,S()() 1,000 ,S,(KKI 12,IHI() 1,11110 StfO .1,11(1(1 L',.''0(l oO, 0(1(1 10,000 :!.")( 1,000 1,000 12,000 ~,L'00 ."t,OtlO 10,0(10 12,0 10 :!,20o 12,000 1.1,000 (1, 000 ],.iOO ."'( i( ) 1,000 l,.'iO() .1,000 1,00(> 10,000 1,0(10 .i,0(.IO 1 ,0'1(I , 14,000 1,(.I0(I .500 455,00(.l r-ARl\l JOCHNAL SI lisl milHKS L\ STAIKS. Arkansas . 2,691 California . 5,579 The Carolinas 6,910 Colorado 3,166 Connecticut 12,177 The Dakotas 6,4117 Delaware 2,636 Georgia 2,891 Illinois 28,540 Indiana 2S,.5.58 Iowa 22,462 Kansas 19,796 Kentucky 8,935 Maine 5,507 Maryland . 9,047 Massachusetts 19,111 Michigan 23,481 Minnesota . 13,732 Missouri 14,795 Nebraska 11,468 New Hampshire ii,523 New Jersey 15,175 New York 51,220 Ohio . 35,692 Oregon 4,725 Pennsylvania 72,621 Tennessee 5,523 Texas , 7,971 Vermont , 5,191 Virginia 10,005 Washington 5,602 West Virginia . .'<,041 Wisconsin . 1!I,2.S1 Other States 11,339 Territories 5,135 Foreign 18,731 Total . 530,724 This Count of Subscribers to the Farm Journal was made June 30th, 1903.