INCORPORATED ALBANY, OREGON 3 f, as ' 5553E5 ■ ■■ ■ ",- ^yi . . f ESTABLISHED 1888 INCORPORATED 1906 CAPITAL STOCK $25,000.00 FULLY PAID DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF THE “OLD RELIABLE” ALBANY NURSERIES INCORPORATED G. W. PENNEBAKER, Manager TWELFTH EDITION PHONE HOME 454 BELL 164 R Office: Room I and 2: Young-Good win Block ALBANY, OREGON PRESS OF OREGON CITY ENTERPRISE 1911 NOTICE ! All persons authorized to act as agents for us, are provided with a written certificate to that effect, and we request that they be required to show their certificates. Stock is not unfrequently sold by persons without authority, and not furnished from the places they repre- sent, by which means many poor trees and plants are distributed, causing great dissatisfaction and disappoint- ment. *®”Buy Good Stock of Reliable Men, and this may be avoided. TO CORRESPONDENTS. In the transaction of any business, a mutual desire for mutual satisfaction between parties should prevail. Let us, then, ask of our patrons an observ- ance of the following requests: That all orders addressed to us be written out in a legible style, with the name in full on a separate sheet, and not in the body of the letter, that no mistake may occur. That particular and plain directions be given how they wish their packages marked, and by what route sent, and to whose care consigned. When no route is designated, we will send by the one we deem most advisable; but let it be distinctly understood that we will, in no case, be responsible for any loss or damage that may occur after we have delivered them to the forwarders. They alone are responsible. While we exercise the greatest care to have all our trees and plants true to name, well grown and packed in the best possible manner, and hold our- selves in readiness, on proper proof, to replace all trees or plants that may accidentally prove untrue to label, free of charge, or refund the amount paid therefore, it is mutually understood and agreed to between the purchaser and ourselves that our guarantee of genuineness shall in no case make us liable for any sum greater than that originally received for trees or plants that prove untrue. Our reputation for upright dealing, and the uniformly high standard of quality of our products, is our guarantee to our customers. When orders are received specifying the kinds wanted, the purchaser will please say whether we shall fill up with other varieties, should some of those which he has ordered be exhausted. We will, so far as in our power, give him his choice; but when the varieties specified cannot all be furnished, or are known to be unworthy of cultivation, we will take the liberty of substi- tuting others in their place, unless special orders are given to the contrary. When the purchaser is not well acquainted with the fruit by name, he would do well to leave the selection to us, briefly stating at what season he wishes the fruit to ripen; and in such cases we will exercise our best judgment in making a judicious and profitable selection of the standard sorts and good Prompt attention will be given to all letters requesting information, all of which should enclose a postage stamp. It is expected that orders for trees from those with whom we have no acquaintance will be accompanied by the cash or a suitable refeience. Our terms are INVARIABLY CASH, or a negotiable note of short time, satisfactorily endorsed, made payable at bank. From past experience we have learned that we cannot affford to delay col- lections, and must henceforth insist upon prompt payment. Our business is attended with heavy expenses, and we must have the cash to push it. Trees, plants, etc., will be carefully taken up, each kind tied by itself and labeled, the roots packed so as to carry safely, and delivered to the trans- portation companies free of charge. All communications should be addressed to ALBANY NURSERIES, Inc., Albany, Ore. PREFACE . It is with pleasure that we present to our friends and patrons this edition of our DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE OF FRUITS, ORNAMENTAL TREES, Etc., and in doing so we tender to them our sincere thanks for the many ex- pressions of encouragement and substantial aid they have given us. We will endeavor in the future, as we have in the past, by strict attention to business, to merit their patronage and good will. The lamented Downing said, in his introduction to his work on fruit and fruit trees, that “A man born on the bank of the noblest and most fruitful river in America, and whose best days have been spent in gardens and or- chards, may perhaps be pardoned for talking about fruit trees.” We must claim indulgence for similar reasons; and if we seem to urge these subjects beyond the rules of propriety, our apology is, that we think we are working in a good cause and for the good of our fellow men. He said further: ‘‘In- deed, the subject deserves not a few but many words. Fine fruits is the flow- er of commodities. It is the most perfect union of the useful and the beauti- ful that the earth knows. Trees full of soft foliage; blossoms fresh with spring beauty; and finally fruit, rich, bloom dusted, melting and luscious. Such are the treasures of the orchard and garden, temptingly offered to the landholder in this bright and sunny though temperate climate.” We are pleased to note an increasing interest throughout the whole country in the cultivation of the useful and beautiful. Both fruits and flowers are more highly appreciated by the masses than formerly, and we regard it as a most happy indication, not only in the effect it will have upon the health of the body, but also in the softening influence it will have on the harsher feelings of our nature. To the planter or purchaser of nursery stock, at least three things are in- dispensible. First, varieties true to name; second, healthy, vigorous, well matured trees or plants; careful and judicious packing, without which all will be lost. V e give the most careful scrutiny to the propagation of varieties, en- deavoring by all methods known to us to protect ourselves from error or im- position, and rejecting anything of which we may have reason to be suspi- cious. By careful and constant watching and attention, we are warranted in offering our stock as pure and absolutely true to name. Our soil being of character best suited to produce the healthiest conditions of growth, that solid, firm texeure of the wood, with abundant fibrous root, so necessary to successful transplanting, we are enabled to offer the product of our nurseries with entire confidence to planters in all sections of the coun- try. V e give to our packing and shipping careful and personal supervision, and to still further protect our patrons, as well as ourselves against loss in’ this direction, we employ the most skilled and competent hands to assist us. We aim to keep fully abreast of enlightened and cultivated taste, in the introduction of new and valuable varieties of fruit and novelties and valuable acquisitions in ornamentals — accepting with pleasure everything that has real merit, we shall with equal readiness discard and discoutenance the sale of worthless humbugs. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE We grow all our trees on WHOLE ROOT STOCKS, and our one-year-old trees have the same age root as two-year-old piece root graft; but a much better root system, as can be readily seen by referring to our illustration showing trees grown by both systems. We exercise the greatest care to keep our varieties true to name; and hold ourselves in readiness at all times to replace, on proper proof, all stock that may prove otherwise, but it is mutually agreed between the purchaser and ourselves that we shall not at any time be liable for any amount greater than the original price of the goods. We cannot accept orders on any other terms. 6 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated Hints on Transplanting . It would be hardly possible, in a circular, to give complete directions on all the points connected with tree planting. We simply give a few hints on the more important operations. We would advise every purchaser of a bill of trees to buy some good treatise on tree culture that will furnish full and reliable instructions of the routine of management. The following points should never be overlooked: Select thrifty young trees in preference to old or very large ones; the roots are more tender and fibrous, and they bear transplanting better and are far more apt to live; they can also be more easily trimmed and shaped to any desired form, and in the course of a few years will usually outstrip the older ones in growth. THE SOIL. A rich loam is the best for fruit, made sufficiently dry by artificial drain- ing if necessary, but all soils may be made available by judicious treatment. PREPARATION FOR PLANTING. Plow and subsoil repeatedly, so as to thoroughly pulverize to a depth of 12 to 18 inches. When planting upon the lawn or grass plots, remove the sod for a diameter of 4 or 5 feet, and keep this space well worked and free from weeds. Dig the hole deeper and larger than is necessary to admit all the roots in their natural position, keeping the surface and subsoil separate. Cut off broken and bruised roots and shorten the tops to half a dozen good buds. If not prepared to plant when your stock arrives, “heel in’’ by dig- ging a trench deep enough to admit all the roots and setting the trees there- in as they can stand, carefully packing the earth about the roots, taking up when required. Never leave the roots exposed to the sun and air, and “pud- dle” before planting. PLANTING. Fill up the hole with surface soil, so that the tree will stand about as it did when in the nursery after the earth has settled, except Dwarf Pears, which should be planted deep enough to cover the quince stock upon which they are budded two or three inches. Work the soil thoroughly among the roots, and when well covered tamp firmly. Set the tree firm as a post, but leave the surface filling (of poorer soil) light and loose. No staking will be required except with very tall trees. Never let manure come in con- tact with the roots. HOW TO WINTER TREES PROCURED IN THE FALL. The practice of procuring supplies of trees in the Fall is becoming more and more general as each season demonstrates its wisdom. To in- sure success, you have only to get the trees before freezing weather and bury them in the following manner: Choose a dry spot where no water will stand during the winter, with no grass near to invite mice. Dig a trench, throwing out enough dirt to admit one layer of roots below the surface, and place the trees in it, inclined to an angle of 45 degrees or more. Widen DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 7 the trench, throwing the soil among the roots in position; place another layer in the trench, reclining the tops on the others, and so on until all are in the trench; then finish by throwing up more soil until the tops of the trees are nearly or quite covered. It is also well to hank up the soil around the sides to insure more thorough protection. The exposed tops should then be covered with pine boughs, which insure them against any possibility of injury. Care should be taken to fill solid all the interstices among the roots. In the spring the roots will be found to have formed the granulation neces- sary to the production of new spongioles, and when planted at the proper time will start to immediate growth. DAMAGED TREES. If dried from long exposure, bury in the ground or keep in water until the shriveled appearance disappears. If the trees are frozen when received they should be buried immediatly in the earth, tops and all, and allowed to thaw in this condition. PLANT YOUNG TREES. We cannot too strongly recommend to our customers the procuring of young trees, especially for orchard planting, instead of selecting the largest that can be had, to secure more immmediate effect. They can be taken up with more perfect roots, and will become sooner established in a new loca- tion. They can also be more readily trained to any desired shape. Ihe largest and most successful planters invariably select young, thrifty trees as the surest in the end to give thorough satisfaction. For small grounds or street planting, when it is necessary to make a show as soon as possible, large trees are often more desirable, and when handled with care should not fail to do well, but with the general plantei the average of loss will be much less and both time and money will be saved if young trees are selected to commence with. DISTANCE FOR PLANTING. Wninnts 40 to 50 feet apart each way Standard 'Apples'. 30 feet apart each way Standard Pears and strong growing Cherries 20 feet apart each waj Duke and Morello Cherries 18 * ee f a P ar !; eac £ v Prunes Plums, Apricots, Peaches, Nectarine. . .16 to 20 feet apart each w } Dwarf Pears 10 to 12 feet apart each way Dwarf Apples 10 to 12 feet apart each way Grapes rows 10 to 15 feet apart, 7 to 1G feet in rows Currants and Gooseberries t0 't f f eet t Raspberries and Blackberries - -3 to 5 by 4 to 7 feet apart Strawberries, for field culture 1 to 1% by 3 to 3% feet apart Strawberries, for garden culture 1 to 2 feet apart NUMBER OF TREES TO AN ACRE. 50 feet apart each way. 40 feet apart each way. 30 feet apart each way. 25 feet apart each way. 20 feet apart each way. 18 feet apart each way. 15 feet apart each way. 17 27 5ft 70 110 135 205 12 feet apart each way 10 feet apart each way 8 feet apart each way 6 feet apart each way 5 feet apart each way 4 feet apart each way 3 feet apart each way 300 435 980 1210 1742 2723 4840 8 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated RULE, SQUARE YARD METHOD. Multiply the distance in feet between the rows by the distance the plants are apart in the rows, and the product will be the number of square feet for each plant or hill, which, divided into the number of feet in an acre (43,560), will give the number of plants or trees to the acre. RULE, EQUILATERAL TRIANGLE METHOD. Divide the number required to the acre ‘‘square method” by the decimal .866. The result will be the number of plants required to the acre by this method. A Plain Talk About Prices • WHY CHEAP STOCK IS DEAR AT ANY PRICE. It costs more to produce a good thing than a poor one, and in buying any article # lhe first question should be: Not how r cheap is it, but how good it is? Manj people understand this well enough, and yet how few ever stop to apply the rule to nursery stock. Yet the fact is that in no other kind of purchase is the quality of the article of such vital importance as in nursery stock. If a man for instance buys a poor coat at a cheap price, it is true that he gets cheated and loses something, as the coat doesn’t wear as long nor look as well as a good one, but yet the loss is not great, as he gets some wear out of it. But note the difference. The price of a tree is the smallest part of its cost by the time it has come into bearing. If a man buys cheap trees to save a few r cents on each, instead of buying first class, warranted stock, what is the result? It is impossible for him to tell by the looks of the stock delivered to him whether he is getting trees true to name or not, and he cannot for several years. If the trees are of decent size the purchaser is apt to think they are all right, so he plants them on valuable land, takes good care of them for several years, losing the use of the land and putting in his time and labor. Now mark carefully the fact that by the time the trees come into bearing, the expense of the land, labor, etc. etc., has amounted to several times the original cost of the trees, and conse- quently if his cheap stock turns out, as it uniformly does, to be of inferior and worthless varieties, then it is a serious loss to him, and he has to begin all over again. Now, is it not plain to all that it is rank folly for anyone to risk this dead loss of trees, use of land for years, expense of cultivation, etc., to save a few cents on a tree, when for a trifling increase in price he can get the very best warranted stock? As a mere matter of insurance, a man cannot afford to buy anything but the best warranted nursery stock. It is a general rule which can be relied upon, that “cheap” stock is worth- less stock, and therefore dear at any price. If a man won’t pay for good stock, but buys cheap stock in order to save money, he is very sure to lose all he puts into it. Most of the worthless stock is worked off by strange agents who sell on their own account, and are not authorized by any responsible firm to DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 9 take orders for them. Such men buy up refuse stock from large nurseries for almost nothing, and fill their orders with it, claiming it to be good. They also warrant the stock but as they are unknown or irresponsible, their war- ranty is absolutely worthless. If people would buy only from agents who can show a certificate author- izing them to represent a responsible firm, there would be no danger of being cheated. There are five classes of worthless stock, and the “cheap” trees which flood some parts of the country will be found under one of these heads: SPURIOUS STOCK — This is a bare face swindle, and is the most con- temptible trick of all. An agent will take a man’s order for trees at a low price, and it being impossible to supply the best grade of stock at any price, he will put in the cheapest stuff he can find to fill his orders, without regard to varieties, labeling the trees to suit his orders. The innocent person seeing that the label reads all right, does not know that be is swindled until the trees come into bearing, years after, when he finds them utterly worthless. SMALL STOCK — It is a very general experience with so-called cheap stock that is very much under the standard size, being the second, or even third, grade, so that no reputable firm would send it out at any price. OVERGROWN STOCK — It is not small, stunted stock only that is unfit to plant, but the truth is that old, overgrown, refuse stock, that has stood too long in the nursery is even worse. It is a sad fact that very few nurseries have to burn up such refuse, overgrown stock as they ought to, because un- scrupulous agents buy such refuse at a nominal price and use it in filling their orders. ROUGH STOCK — In some nurseries the trees are not properly cared for and trimmed, and the result is that they make very rough and scraggy specimens, which cannot be sold as first-class stock. Such trees are sold very low to the unprincipled agent spoken of. UNHEALTHY STOCK — It is surprising what an amount of unhealthy stock, black-hearted, infested with fungus, San Jose scale, black knot, etc., is worked off on those foolish people who bite eagerly at the bate of “cheap prices.” Of course such stuff is a total loss every time. We Cannot Get Something for Nothing - Now' in conclusion, did you ever stop to consider that this is not a world where we can get something for nothing, and that where an article is offered at an extraordinary low price there must be some good reason for it? The very simple reason is that, as the article is of bad quality, it cannot be sold in competition with first-class goods, and is therefore worked off on the public at a low rate to catch the people who will bite at things cheap, without regards to quality. Such people never get ahead, because they waste their money on poor trash that give them no “value received” for their outlay. We do not pretend to compete w r ith “cheap” stock, as we will not send out inferior stock at any price. What we really do is to furnish the very finest grade of genuine stock at as low prices as other responsible firms furnish the same grade of stock. Our agents have regular certificates of agency, and all orders given to them will receive as careful attention as though sent, airect to us, and at the same prices. 10 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated SPRAYING . Spraying has come to be an established part of fruit growing. With all that has been written on the subject, the fruit grower should be competent to perform the ordinary spraying of his trees without further advice; but for the benefit of those who may not be familiar with the best methods and practice, we give the following from the last report of the State Board of Horticulture: Requisites for Successful Spraying. Materials of standard strength, carefully compounded applied in thorough manner at regular intervals. Fruit thinned so that, the spray liquid can reach every portion of that remaining on the tree. Insecticides. Used for codlin moth larvae, caterpillars, slugs, and all biting and chewing insects. SPRAY NO. 1— ARSENATE OF LEAD. For codlin moth and all other chewing insects. The formula for making the arsenate is as follows: 4 ounces arsenate of soda. 12 ounces acetate of lead. Dissolve in water in separte buckets, pour together, and you have suffi- cient arsenate of lead for 50 gallons of water, and all you have to do is to pour your arsenate into the water and stir well. Its advantages over other forms of arsenate are as follows: First — It remains in suspension longer than any other arsenical spray, and hence requires but little agitation. Second — It is very adhesive, but little affected by rains, and therefore requires a less number of applications. Third — It is more pleasant to handle, and can be used any strength with- out injury to the foliage. The arsenate of lead has been highly endorsed by the University of Cali- fornia, Professor Steadman, entomologist of the State of Missouri, Professor Gillette of Colorado, and many other authorities. In Colorado but three spray- ings were used, with excellent results. Professor Steadman recommends four: (1) when petals fall, (2) two weeks later, (3) 30 days after the second, and 4 30 days still later. If used with bordeaux, use only one-third of the arsenate. The Merrimac Chemical Co. of Boston sends out a paste form of the arsen- ate of lead, known as “Swift’s Arsenate of Lead;’’ and the Bowker Insecticide Co., of New York, a similar preparation known as “Disparine,’’ and both have given excellent results. It might be better to use one of these when only a small amount is required, and 2 % pounds of either will be sufficient for 50 gallons of water, in which they dissolve readily. They sell for about 15 cents per pound in 100 pound kegs, and can be had from the local dealers. A considerable amount of the arsenate of lead w r as used the past season at Hood River and Southern Oregon with most satisfactory results, and its use will become quite general the coming season. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 11 SPRAY NO. 2— ARSENATE OF SODA 1 pound of white arsenic 2 pounds of sal soda.* 1 gallon of water. DIRECTIONS — Boil 15 minutes; add amount of water equal to that evap- orated, giving 1 gallon of arsenite of soda. For 50 gallons of water use iy 2 pints of the arsenite of soda and 6 pounds of freshly slacked lime. Can be used safely. SPRAY NO. 3— PARIS GREEN. 1 pound of paris green. 4 pounds of quick lime. > 200 gallons of wmter. Slack the quick lime in part of the water, sprinkling in the paris green gradually, then add the rest ot the water. For the peach and other tender leaved plants use 300 gallons of water. Keep well stirred while spraying. Insects that Suck the Juice of Fruits or Trees SPRAY NO. 4— SULPHUR AND LIME. (Formula.) I 15 pounds of unslaked lime. 15 pounds of flowers of sulphur. 50 gallons of water. Slack the lime in enough water to do it thoroughly; add the sulphur and boil for an hour at least, adding water if necessary. Spray warm through a coarse nozzle. SPRAY NO. 5— WHALE OIL SOAP, OR QUASSIA CHIPS. Boil 1 pound of soap dissolved in 4 gallons of water, or boil for 2 hours 1 pound of quassia chips; add water to extract to make 4 gallons. I Winter Spray when Trees are Dormant . Fungicides. SPRAY NO. 6— BORDEAUX MIXTURE. 6 pounds copper sulphate (blue vitrol.) 6 pounds lime (unslaked.) 50 gallons water. Dissolve the copper in hot or cold water, using a wooden or earthen vessel. Slack the lime in a tub, add the water cautiously and in sufficient amount to insure thorough slacking. After thorough slacking, more water can be added and stirred in until it has the consistency of thick cream. When both are cold pour the lime into the diluted copper solution of required strength, strain- ing it through a fine mesh sieve or gunny sack, and thoroughly mix. •In Western Oregon, and moist sections, use 3 instead of 2 pounds of sal soda. 12 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated It is then ready for use. Considerable trouble has frequently been exper- ienced in preparing the bordeaux mixture. Care should be taken that the lime is of good quality and well burned, and has not been air slacked. Where small amounts of lime are slacked it is advisable to use hot water. The lime should not be allowed to become dry in slacking, neither should it become entirely submerged in water. Lime slacks best when supplied with just enough water to develop a large amount of heat, which renders the process active. If the amount of lime is insufficient, there is danger of burning tender foliage. In order to obviate this the mixture can be tested with a knife blade or with ferro-cyanide of potassium (1 ounce to 5 or 6 ounces of water.) If the amount of lime is insufficient, copper will be deposited on the knife blade while a deep brownish red color will be imparted to the mixture when ferro- cyanide of potassium is added. Lime should be added until neither reaction occurs. A slight excess of lime, however is desirable. • The bordeaux mixture is best when first prepared. Stock solution of lime and copper can be made and mixed when required. For summer spray, use only half strength, 3 pounds of copper sulphate instead of 6 pounds. SPRAY NO. 7 (FOR ROSE MILDEW.) 1 ounce potassium sulphide. 2 to 3 gallons of water. Dissolve the potassium sulphide in water. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 13 Spraying Calendar. SUBSEQUENT APPLES. FIRST APPLICATION. APPLICATIONS. Use Spray No. 6 before buds swell.. Use Spray No. 6, This disease may be treated in essen- tially the same way as scab. As the bitter-rot fungus often contin- ues its destructive work after the fruit is harvested, care should be taken in storing to remove all fruit showing evidence of the disease. Use No. 2 or No. 3 one week after blossoms fall (Directions for using No. 1 are given with the formula.) Use No. 4 when trees are dormant Aphis Use No. 5 as soon as eggs hatch.... Use No. 4 whenever Apple canker or aphis appears on dead spot Cut all head and diseased tissue clean foliage. and wash with bordeaux mixture; spray with winter strength No. 6 as Collar rot or mush- soon as possible after first fall rains room disease . . Dig a trench around tree, cutting off all roots, as the disease is communi- cated from tree to tree through CHERRY. the roots; destroy all affected trees. Aphis When aphis appears use Spray No. 5. Cherry slug When fruit has set, if slug appears, dust leaves w r ith air-slacked lime. half strength, when buds are swelling. RepeatNo.2 and No. 3 at intervals of 2 to 4 weeks, up to within three weeks of harvest Apple scab Bitter rot . Codlin moth Scale Gummosis Cut out gum pockets, split outer bark from roots to branches when sap begins to flow; wash with bordeaux PEARS. mixture. Scale, codlin moth and scab Use same spray as for apple. Leaf blight Use Spray No. G. PEACH. Cut leaf Spray with No. 6 before buds open. ROSES. Mildew Use Spray No. 7. Leaf spot Use Spray No. 6, half strength. Chewing or biting insects Use Spray No. 1. Scale Use Spray No. 4. Note — Bordeaux mixture is a sovereign preventative for all fungus growth, using the modified form when trees are in foliage. Note — Lime should always be fresh slacked and the combined fungicide and insecticide sprays should be used soon after making. 14 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated POINTS TO KEEP IN MIND. 1. Sprays are preventives, not cures. 2. Early spraying is the key to success in the use of fungicides. 3. Combined fungicides and insecticides, the copper-arsenic solutions, are recommended whenever applicable. 4. It is too late to begin making applications of fungicides after the dis- ease has made its appearance. 5. Only with a nozzle throwing fine spray can fungicides and insecticides be properly applied. 6. Agitators must be used to keep solutions thoroughly mixed if satisfac- tory results are to be obtained. 7. The number of applications necessary cannot be stated. It depends upon the weather and the extent of the disease. 8. Great care must be exercised to have the mixture properly made and applied to prevent serious injury to foliage. 9. Diseased portions of trees affected with some fungi must be removed and the rubbish burned. In “canker” and “gummosis” remove the affected parts, wash with copper sulphate, and bind. 10. Spraying must be done in a thorough manner, every leaf must be reached, vigilance in repeating the treatment must be observed, and spraying must not be delayed until diseases have appeared to a damaging extent. MAGOON STRAWBERRIES. 16 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated Fruit Department . APPLES. “The apple,’’ says Downing, “is the world renowned fruit of temperate climates.” Although not possessed of the richness and melting and delicious qualities of the pear or peach, yet from its adaption to a variety of soils, together with the long time through which many varieties can be kept in a fresh state, its various uses, and the profit accruing from its cultivation, as a market fruit, it must be regarded as holding the very first rank among fruits. There is no country in the world where it attains such perfection as it does in this, nor where its cultivation can be made more profitable; but the orchard- ist is at a loss to say what varieties to plant, knowing as he does, that a great error may be committed in selecting sorts that will do well. First, he wants those that bear well; secondly, a fruit of handsome appearance; and thirdly, one that will carry well to market. These qualifications are necessary to a profitable market fruit. The following very pertinent remarks on this subject we copy from Dr. John A. Warder’s excellent work on apples: “Every orchard planter who examines the extended varieties of fruits presented to him in the books and by the nurserymen must feel greatly em- barassed when he comes to select the varieties for his own orchard. Almost every one in the long list is recommended for some good quality, and the num- ber of best, which he is apt to conclude means indispensable to him, is won- derfully large. Some persons are bewildered by the array presented in the catalogue, and fall back upon their own slender stock of information, select- ing only one well-known variety; but most persons commit a far greater fault by attempting to grasp all varieties that are offered and commended, which is very well for some one person in every region to do. It is labor of love for the benefit of his fellow townsmen; but it is far better for him who is about to plant an orchard, either large or small, to determine which varieties are best adapted to his purpose. For the small planter, who is providing for the wants of his family a number of varieties that will ripen in quick succession will be best, and the sorts should be selected with regard to their qualities for household use. The planter of extensive commercial orchards, on the con- trary, will need but a limited number of varieties, which should be selected with a view to the wants of the market he intends to supply, as well as the productiveness of the fruit and its ability to bear transportation. While it is desirable to have but a few well selected varieties in such an orchard, it must be recollected that even when there is a general failure of the crop there are always some sorts that bear fruit, and this is an argument against making the list too small. “All attempts to make lists of fruit for general cultivation over the great extent of our country have been abortive. State and regional lists are made by the pomological and other societies, which are useful in rendering approxi- mate information; but, at last, every planter should observe the fruits that succeed in his neighborhood, and upon soil similar to his own, and select the varieties for planting accordingly. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 17 “In making up our judgment of the excellence of a fruit, there are many elements that enter into the question of what constitutes a good apple, and so much depends upon the taste of the individuals who have the question to de- cide that at last everyone is left to make up his own mind as to what will be the best for his particular case.” Our descriptive list embracing the best and most popular varieties known. Of course, it runs in too great a variety for any one orchard for profit; be- sides there is probably not a spot in the country where they would all flourish — but the latitude of our trade not only admits of, but demands a large list to supply the wants of the different sections of the country. After a long ex- perience in the nursery business, we have with great care made the following selections, from which we trust all our patrons can supply their wants: SUMMER VARIETIES. AMERICAN SUMMER PEARMAIN — Medium to large; skin red, spotted with yellow in the shade, and streaked with lively red in the sun; flesh yellow, remarkably tender, juicy, and rich; a good bearer. August. ASTRACHAN RED — Large, roundish; nearly covered with deep crimson, overspread with a thick bloom; juicy, rich, acid, beautiful. The tree is a vigorous grower, with large foliage, and a good bearer. August. BOUGH, SWEET — Large; pale, greenish-yellow; tender and sweet; moder- ate grower and good bearer. August. CAROLINA JUNE (Red June) — Medium size; red; flesh white, tender, juicy, sub-acid.; and abundant bearer. June. EARLY COLTON — Entirely hardy in all parts of the country; has stood the extreme cold of Minnesota, Wisconsin, New Hampshire; annual and abundant bearer. EARLY HARVEST — (Yellow Harvest) — Medium to large; pale yellow; fine flavor; tree a moderate, erect grower, and a good bearer; a beautiful and excellent variety for both orchard and garden. Middle to end of August. EARLY STRAWBERRY — Medium; striped with deep red; tender, sub-acid and excellent; a poor grower but productive. August. GOLDEN SWEET — Rather large; pale yellow; very sweet and good; strong grower and good bearer. August. KESWICK CODLIN — Large, conical; tender, juicy, acid; excellent for cooking; tree erect, vigorous, productive, and early in bearing. July to October. RED RUSSIAN — Early; very hardy; medium size, conical; color red, slightly striped with deep red; flesh white, tender, juicy, sub-acid. Abundant bearer; resembles the Red June, but flesh more solid and better shipper, ana color not as solid a red as the Red June, but slightly striped. July and August. SWEET JUNE — Fruit medium, roundish, regular; light yellow; very sweet, pleasant and rich. August. 18 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated SUMMER QUEEN — Medium to large, roundish; surface yellow, blotched and streaked with red; flesh yellow and tender, with an acid, aromatic flavor. July to August. TETOFSKY— A Russian apple which has proven profitable for market grower. The tree is an upright, spreading grower, forming an open head; comes into bearing extremely early, usually the second year after transplant- ing, and bears every year; hardy as a crab; fruit good size, nearly round: yellow, beautifully striped with red; flesh white, juicy, pleasant, acid, aro- matic. July and August. WHITE ASTRACHAN — Very large, roundish; skin very smooth and near- ly white; a favorite market sort, where it always attracts attention and brings good prices. August. WILLIAMS’ FAVORITE — A large, handsome dessert apple. Originated at Roxy burg, Mass. Fruit medium size, roundish, oblong conical; long stem; skin smooth; color light red ground, but nearly covered with fine dark red; flesh yellowish white, of very mild agreeable flavor; abundant bearer. July to September. YELLOW TRANSPARENT DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 19 YELLOW TRANSPARENT— A new Russian variety, imported in 1870 through the Agricultural Department; the most valuable early apple ever in- troduced; tree an upright and a very early and abundant bearer; fruit of good size; skin clear white, turning to a pale yellow; flavor acid and very good; ripens from ten days to two weeks earler than the Early Harvest. AUTUMN. ALEXANDER (Emperor) — Of Russian origin; large; deep red or crimson; flesh yellowish-white, crisp, tender, with pleasant flavor; very hardy. Oc- tober. AUTUMN STRAWBERRY — Of good size, brilliant coloring and fair qual- ity, this Apple is greatly valued for table and market. Tree robust and productive. September and October. DUTCHESS OF OLDENBURG— Of Russian origin; large size; roundish, streaked with red and yellow; flesh whitish, juicy; flavor sprightly sub-acid; ■ av;. ' '•*> -.V: 8 ALEXANDER tree a vigorous grower, very hardy; very early and abundant bearer. While it is indispensible in the North, it is almost equally so in the South. We con- fidently recommend it for the orchard as one of the most valuable sorts for market, or in the garden for domestic use. September. 20 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated DUTCH MIGNONNE — A vigorous grower, forming a large, spreading tree and bearing its fruit singly and very evenly distributed over the whole of the branches; young wood very stout, dark reddish brown ; fruit large to very large, roundish oblate; skin dull orange, half covered or more with a rich, dull red, dotted and mottled with large, yellow russet specks; calyx large; basin very broad and large; flesh yellowish, a little coarse, breaking tender, rich, aromatic; very good. November to January. FALL JENNETTING (Summer Jennetting) — Fruit large, oblate, slightly conical, almost ribbed; pale greenish yellow with a blush; flesh whitish, mm sfini w&mmm Wm mm MWWW i ■’ ■ '■ V 1 - . 5 OREGON RED WINTER tender, juicy, brisk, sub-acid. Tree vigorous and productive. September to October. FALL PIPPIN— Very large; tender, juicy and rich; tree vigorous. Octo- ber to December. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 21 FAMEUSE (Snow Apple) — Medium size, roundish oblate; whitish ground, striped with deep red; flesh very white, juicy and pleasant; tree very hardy, one of the most valuable Northern sorts. November and December. GLORI MUNDI — Very large; greenish-yellow; valuable for cooking and drying. October. GRAVENSTEIN— A very large, striped roundish apple of the first quality; tree remarkably rapid, vigorous and erect in growth, and very productive; one of the finest Fall apples. September to October. HASS (Gros. Pommier, Fall Queen) — Medium to large, slightly conical and somewhat ribbed; pale, greenish yellow, shaded and striped with red; flesh fine white, sometimes stained, tender, juicy, sub-acid, good; tree vigor- ous and very hardy; upright grower with well formed head; bear early and abundantly. September to November. JERSEY SWEET — Medium size; striped red and green; tender, juicy and sweet; a free grower and good bearer; very popular, both for table and cook- ing. September to October. JEFFERIS — Medium to large; yellow, striped, mostly red; flesh tender and delicious; one of the finest dessert apples; moderate growth; productive September to November. KING (Tompkins County) — Large and handsome; striped red and yellow; tree vigorous and productive; one of the best. November to May. MAIDEN’S BLUSH — Medium size, flat, quite smooth and fair; pale yellow, with beautiful red cheeks; tender, sprightly, pleasant acid flavor; fair grower and good bearer. September and October. RAM BO — Medium; yellowish, streaked with dull red and somewhat dot- ted; mild, tender and good; fine grower; productive. October to Decern net. RED BEITIGHEIMER — A rare German variety recently introduced; fruit large to very large; skin pale green color, mostly covered with purplish crim- son; flesh white, firm, sub-acid, with a brisk, pleasant flavor; tree a fine grower and abundant bearer. This is one of the largest and handsomest of apples, and promises to be extensively cultivated. September and October. TWENTY OUNCE (Cayuga Red Streak) — Very large; nearly round; yel- low striped with red; quality good; vigorous and good bearer; popular as a market variety. November and December. WAXEN — Medium; pale yellow, oily, sprinkled with a few dots; flesh whitish yellow, crisp, tender, juicy sprightly, sub-acid; good. November. WINTER. AiKIN — Tree a strong, vigorous, upright grower; fruit medium, of good quality, somewhat resembling Jonathan in size, color and quality, but more like Missouri Pippin in shape; productive. February to April. ANTONOVKA — This is one of the true ironclads. The tree is of Russian 22 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated origin and perfectly hardy, withstanding our coldest winters in fine shape. The fruit is large, slightly oblong, and when fully ripe of a light golden color; good keeper. ARKANSAS BEAUTY — Large; beautiful crimson; flavor rich, sub-acid; fine grained. Free and good grower and enormous bearer. November to March. ARKANSAS BLACK — Large; round or slightly conical, a regular, smooth, glossy; yellow when not covered with deep crimson, almost black; flesh very yellow, firm, fine grained, juicy; flavor sub-acid, pleasant, rich. BABBITT — A strong, large growed; wood hard and tough; heavy bearer; fruit one-third larger than Baldwin; brighter red; flesh fine grained, juicy, crisp, rich and of a peculiarly fine acid; use — baking, stewing, pies or jelly, for each and all of which it is simply the best; in cooking it literally melts; ready to cook as soon as grown, but it is so acid that few like to eat it un- cooked until the latter part of the season, when it is a favorite eating apple. BALDWIN — Large roundish; deep, bright red; juicy, crisp, sub-acid, good flavor; tree vigorous, upright and very productive of fair, handsome fruit; one of the best and most popular winter apples. January to April. BELLE DE BOSKOOP — Large; bright yellow, washed with light red on the sunny side, and sometimes with a sprinkling of russet; flesh crisp, firm, juicy, sprightly, sub-acid; quality very good; a late keeper. Tree a vigor- ous grower. BEN DAVIS (New York Pippin, Kentucky Red Streak, etc.) — A large handsome striped apple; tree very hardy, vigorous and productive; a late keeper; highly esteemed in the West and Southwest. BENTON COUNTY BEAUTY — Originated in Benton County, Arkansas; tree is a good grower, early and abundant bearer; fruit large size, fine grained, juicy and crisp; color a bright red all over; one of the finest appear- ing apples grown. BISMARK — In respect to its early fruiting habit, the most remarkable ever introduced; one-year grafts frequently produce fruit, and two-year trees seldom fail; has fruited in many sections of the United States this season; we hear only words of commendation; originated in New Zealand; has been tested in nearly every apple growing country and promises to succeed where- ever apples can be grown, proving healthy, hardy, productive and without a rival in its early fruiting qualities; tree of short stocky growth; thick, healthy foliage; makes beautiful specimens grown in pots for decorative purposes; fruit large, handsome, yellow, sometimes shaded red cheeks; flesh tender, pleasant sub-acid; good for desert; superior for cooking; will keep well into the Winter. BLENHEIM ORANGE — Fruit large, roundish, oblate, conical; yellowish, becoming deep orange, stained on the sunny side with dull dark red stripes; flesh yellow, breaking, very sweet, pleasant, good. October to December. BLUE PEARMAIN — Very large; dark, purplish red over dull ground, appearing bluish from white bloom; flesh yellowish mild, aromatic. October to February. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 23 BRITISH COLUMBIA (New) — Named by the Fruit Growers Association of British Columbia; originated by H. P. Bates at Nicomen in the Fraser val- ley. The tree is a vigorous grower and very hardy; annual and abundant bearer; fruit large; russet on yellow ground, sometimes striped with red; somewhat irregular; flavor mild, sub-acid of the highest quality. Mr. Bates has now 400 trees of this variety bearing. The original tree, when 34 yeais old, measured sixty inches in circumference, and is still in a perfectly healthy condition. Mr. Bates has picked thirty-six 50-pound boxes of apples from it in one season, and always gets from 25 to 50 cents per box more for them than other varieties. We consider this one of the most valuable apples to plant for commercial purposes. January to June. CANADIAN REINETTE — Extra large size; flattened and ribbed; green- ish yellow, with russet dots and patches; flesh firm, rich, juicy and finely flavored; tree grows strongly and is a good bearer. November to March. COOPER’S MARKET — Medium size, conical; shaped and striped with yellow on red ground; flesh white, firm, tender, rather acid; valuable for marketing. November to March. COOS RIVER BEAUTY— From Douglas County, Oregon; first known as Geourney Seedling, later renamed by a Marshfield, Oregon, nurseryman Coos River Beauty; tree a good grower; an annual and prolific bearer; does not break or split, no matter how heavily loaded; fruit large; red, turning to red on the sunny side; flesh white, firm, breaking crisp and juicy; flavor mild, sub-acid, spicy, something like Gravenstein. Season November to March at Coos Bay. COX’S ORANGE PIPPIN — Medium size, roundish, ovate; color yellow, suffused with red streaks; flesh crisp, juicy, sweet, and best in quality. This is regarded by the English as the finest apple in cultivation, either as a des- sert fruit or for culinary purposes. The tree is a moderate, stocky grower. October to April. CUNNINGHAM — Form conical; size medium; smooth, deep red; very attractive flesh yellow, fine grained, pleasant, sub-acid, almost sweet; splen- did keeper and good shipper; annual and prolific bearer. March to May. FALLAWATER (Tulpehocken) — Large and handsome, with smooth skin of a yellowish green, with dull red cheek; flesh is greenish white, finer grained and juicy. Tree grows fast, and bears young and heavily. Novem- ber to March. GANO — Originated in Missouri; form conical, good size and smooth; deep red, shaded on sunny side to mahogany; very attractive; flesh pale yellow, fine grained, tender, pleasant, mild, sub-acid; is a good shipper and keeper; tree healthy, vigorous and hardy; an annual and prolific bearer. February to May. GIDEON — Vigorous, early and prolific bearer; medium, golden yellow; fine, juicy, sub-acid. GRIMES’ GOLDEN (Grimes’ Golden Pippin) — An apple of the highest quality; medium to large size; yellow; tree hardy, vigorous, productive. Jan- uary to April. 24 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated HUBBARDSTON NONSUCH — Large; striped yellow and red; tender, juicy and fine; strong grower and good bearer. November to May. HYDE’S KING — Large to very large; handsome, yellow green; good qual- ity; a remarkable keeper; time of keeping all the year round. IOWA BLUSH — Medium or less; finest tart flavor; tree extremely vigor- ous and hardy; most excellent variety. November to February. ISHAM SWEET — Large; dark red; juicier than its parent, Baily Sweet, and a better keeper. JONATHAN — Fruit medium, roundish; skin yellow, nearly covered with dark or lively red; fine grained, very tender and finely flavored; tree slender and spreading, with light colored shoots. November to April. LADY — A beautiful little dessert fruit; quite small, flat, regularly formed; skin pale yellow or lemon color, with a beautiful red cheek; flesh crisp, juicy and excellent; bears abundantly. December to May. LAWVER — (Delaware Red Winter) — Large, roundish, flat; mild sub-acid; very heavy and hard; beautiful dark red; valuable as a late market sort; tree a vigorous grower and very hardy; bears well. December to May. LONGFIELD — A Russian variety, imported some years since. Tree a free upright grower, early and abundant bearer. Medium to large; yellow, with a blush on the sunny side like Maiden’s Blush rich, sprightly, sub-acid quality as good as Fameuse and something like it. December to March. MANN — Fruit medium to large; roundish, oblate, nearly regular; skin deep yellow when fully ripe; flesh yellowish, half fine, half tender, juicy, mild, pleasant, sub-acid; the tree grows straight and symmetrical and makes a large tree in the orchard; it is an early and annual bearer. MARSHALL, OR RED BELLEFLEUR — Very large deep crimson shape.) like Yellow Bellefleur; of fine quality tree productive originated near Napa by J. L. Marshall, being a cross between Yellow Bellefleur and Red June. One of the most valuable market varieties. MclNTOSH RED — An exceedingly valuable, hardy Canadian sort, medium size; nearly covered with dark red; flesh white, fine, very tender, juicy and refreshing; a good annual bearer of fair, handsome fruit; resembles the Fameuse, but larger and more ha.rdy, and fully equal in quality to this stand- ard sort. November to February. MAMMOTH BLACK TWIG (Paragon) — A Tennessee seedling. The origi- nal tree, over 50 years old, is still vigorous and bearing, though broken by storms; thought to be a cross between Winesap and Red Limber Twig; com- bines the good qualities of both; excells Winesap in nearly every important point; a better and much stronger grower, hardier and the fruit much larger; color even a darker red; flesh firmer, flavor milder, but fully equal; re- markably heavy and a long keeper. MINKLER — Fruit medium; roundish, oblate, slightly conical; pale green DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 25 ish yellow, striped and splashed with two shades of red; flesh yellowish, com pact, moderately juicy, mild, pleasant, sub-acid; tree irregular grower, vig- orous. January to April. MISSOURI PIPPIN— Large; rich red, with dark red stripes; very hand- some and of fair quality; good grower, early and immense bearer. MONMOUTH PIPPIN (Red Cheek Pippin) — Large; greenish yellow, with a fine red cheek; juicy, tender and good; tree erect, vigorous and productive; keeps well till March or April. NORTHERN SPY— Large; roundish, slightly conical, somewhat ribbed; striped with the sunny side nearly covered with purplish red; flesh white and tender, with a mild, sub-acid, rich and delicious flavor; in perfection in January and keeps till June; the tree is strong, upright grower and forms a very compact head; should be kept open by pruning, so as to admit the air and light freely. NORTHWESTERN GREENING — Hardy; yellow; rich; of good size; extra long keeper. OKABENA — A seedling of Wealthy, fertilized by the Duchess; fruit medi- um sized, slightly flattened; a native of Minnesota, first introduced in 188C; very highly colored where exposed to the rays of the sun, resembling the Duchess; flesh fine grained; as an eating apple it is hard to excell. OREGON RED WINTER— Fruit large; fine grained, crisp, juicy and rich, with a flavor so near that it could be well named the Winter Gravenstein; color a bright red, with a dark maroon colored cheek; tree healthy and a strong grower, holding its fruit well until late in the season. Season Janu- ary to May. ORENCO — This new claimant for public favor originated in the hills a few miles east of Oregon City, in Clackamas County, Oregon; probably half a mile distant from any other orchard or fruit tree, and as near as the old settlers of that section can remember, is now (1906) about 25 years old. It has borne a regular and annual crop of the most delicious apples for about 20 years. The old tree is apparently just in its prime, as it is at this time hardy, vigorous and thrifty, although it has never received any attention or cultiva- tion; yet it is a handsome and symmetrical tree, with sturdy branches that bear up the heaviest loads of fruit without breaking. In its general habit of growth the tree resembles the Northern Spy, and in the nursery row it is al- most impossible to tell the two varieties apart. The foliage of the Orenco is darker and more luxuriant, and is apparantly even more hardy and vigorous than that popular variety. To describe the fruit of this beautiful apple is not so easy, for it suggests entirely new flavor in apples. Many who have tasted it express the idea that it has the flavor of a banana. In general terms it. may be described as having a mild, sub-acid flavor, with a very pleasant aroma. The flesh is crisp, tender and juicy, and pronounced by those who have tasted it as being the most delicious of dessert apples. The color is bright red, overspread with numerous light dots. ONTARIO Fruit large, oblate, slightly conical; skin whitish-yellow, near- 2G ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated ly covered with bright, rich red; flesh whitish-yellow, fine tender, juicy, sub- acid, refreshing, slightly aromatic; core small. January to April. OPALESCENT (New) — Probably the handsomest apple ever put on the market; color light, shading to very dark crimson, with many yellow spots; skin smooth, susceptible of a very high polish, reflecting objects like a mir- ror; flesh yellowish, tender, juicy and good. The original tree has never failed to produce from a moderate to a full crop. It is not only a beauty, but k ' 8k Hk «PP sshIS ROME BEAUTY all right for size, quality and productiveness, qualities rarely combined in one variety. Season December to March. PALOUSE — Large; bright red; juicy, crisp and fine flavor; a vigorous growing tree; the fruit somewhat resembling the Baldwin, but better keeper. January to May. PATTEN’S GREENING — A Dutchess seedling from Northern Iowa; tree DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 27 hardy, productive; early bearer; fruit large and smooth; olive green, occa- sionally blushed with dull red; flavor pleasant, sprightly sub-acid; a superior cooking fruit; good keeper. PECK’S PLEASANT — Large; pale yellow; very tender and rich, with a Newton flavor; tree erct and a fine bearer. November to March. PETER — Another seedling which originated with Peter Gideon, the pioneer in apple culture in Minnesota. The tree is a stout, erect, symmetrical, healthy vigorous grower; an immensely productive tree; fruit large, red, sub-acid and a long keeper. It possesses all the good qualities of the good sorts and none of the defects so common to many varieties. PEWAUKEE — A seedling from Duchess of Oldenberg; fruit medium to large, oblate; surface bright yellow, partially covered with dull red, striped and splashed, covered with a gray bloom, and overspread with whitish dots; cavity small; basin shallow and slightly' fluted; calyx rather large; stem vari- able in length, with a fleshy substance on one side from one-half to one inch long; core small, flesh yellowish white, breaking juicy flavor sub-acid, rich aromatic, spicy, something like the Jonathan; quality good to best; tree strong grower and very hardy. January to June. PRYOR’S RED — Medium; juicy, pleasant, very rich, sub-acid. January to March. RAWLE'S JANET — Medium to large; yellow, striped with red; flesh yel- low, tender, juicy, with a pleasant vinous flavor; prolific bearer. January to May. RED CANADA (Old Nonsuch of Massachusetts, Steele’s Red Winter) — Medium, oblate; red; tender, crisp, rich, sub-acid, refreshing and delicious; tree thrifty, but a splendid grower, productive. January to May. RED ROMAN ITE (Gilpin)- — Size medium, roundish; smooth, handsome; streaked with deep red and yellow; flesh yellow, firm, rich, becoming tender in spring. An excellent cooking and dessert apple; very prolific; holds on tree late. A fine winter apple and one of the best keepers. February to June. RHODE ISLAND GREENING — Large; greenish yellow; tender, juicy and rich, with rather an acid flavor; growing strong and spreading and an abund- ant bearer. December to April. ROMAN BEAUTY — Large; yellow, shaded with bright red; flesh yellow- ish, tender, juicy, sub-acid; moderate grower. November to February. RUSSET, ENGLISH — This is a most valuable, long-keeping variety. It is good the first of January and will keep till July, and no apple, to our taste, has a richer flavor. It is medium size, but smooth, firm, crisp and never loses its richness to the last. RUSSET GOLDEN — Medium size; dull russet, with a tinge of red on ex- posed side; flesh generally crisp, juicy and high flavored; tree a vigorous grower and a great bearer; very popular. November to April. 28 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated RUSSET, ROXBURY OR BOSTON — Medium to large; greenish or yellow russet; crisp, good suh-acid flavor; tree vigorous and productive; very popular on account of its long keeping. June. SALOME — Long keeper; annual bearer; medium and uniform size; good quality. SCOTT WINTER — Hardy and vigorous; bright red; crisp, juicy and of a brisk acidity; long keeper. SEEK NO FURTHER (Westfield) — Medium to large, slightly russeted, with dull red stripes; tender, rich, spicy and fine; good grower and bearer. November to February. SHACKELFORD — Tree hardy, free grower, an early and profuse bearer; fruit large; well colored, purplish red in the sun, with a delicate bloom; flesh yellow; flavor mild, sub-acid, aromatic; long keeper. SIERRA BEAUTY — Originated at a high altitude in the Sierra Nevada mountains, 30 miles east of Chico, Butte County, Cal. This beautiful crimson- red apple is certainly a great acquisition to the standard commercial sorts and will pack better than four tier. The original tree is now (1908) 38 years old and is a regular annual bearer. The flesh is white, crisp and tender, with a delicious, juicy flavor. The tree is a hardy, upright grower, resembling the Northern Spy; a splendid cooking and eating apple. Season January to May. SPITZENBERG DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 29 SPITZENBERG, ESOPUS — Medium to large; deep red; flesh yellow, crisp, sub-acid, high flavored; tree a slender grower in the nursery, but bears and grows well transplanted in rich soil. November to April. SPOKANE BEAUTY — Largest apple known, a prodigy for size, of extra- ordinary beauty; color greenish yellow, shaded and striped with deep red; flesh crisp, juicy rich, with a delicious, high flavor; unsurpassed for cooking and drying; a very long keeper, having kept until August 1st; was awarded first prize at the Spokane Fruit Fair in 1895 and 1896. SPRINGDALE — Color dark red, size medium to large; fine flavor and of good quality; a good keeper; introduced in Kansas; winner at 15 different ap- ple shows for home and market use; tree a strong grower. SUTTON BEAUTY — Medium to large; roundish; handsome, waxen yellow, striped crimson; flesh tender, juicy, sub-acid; good quality; keeps well; tree a free grower and productive; one of the most beautiful and valuable apples. STARK— Esteemed as a long keeper and valuable market fruit; fruit large, roundish; skin greenish yellow, much shaded with light and dark red, and sprinkled with brown dots; flesh yellowish, juicy, mild, sub-acid. January to May. STAYMAN’S WINESAP — Originated on the grounds of Dr. J. Stayman, Leavenworth, Kansas; tree hardy, vigorous, spreading, irregular, tough, wiry, droops like a weeping willow, with loads of fruit never breaking a limb; an early bearer and very productive; fruit medium size, round, approaching con- ic; skin smooth, greenish yellow, splashed and striped with red and purple covered with a white bloom, dots small, gray scattered; stem medium, rather slender; cavity wide, deep, much russeted, regular; calyx large, open or half closed segments large, erect basin narrow, abrupt, deep furrowed; core medi- um; flesh yellow, firm, tender, rich, mild, sub-acid, aromatic; quality best. Season January to May. SWAAR — Fruit medium size; yellow, tender, rich and spicy; one of the best and very productive. November to May. TALMAN’S SWEETING — Medium; pale yellow, slightly tinted with red; film, rich and very sweet; vigorous and productive. November to April. VANDERPOOL RED— Originated in Benton County, Oregon; size medium to large; color bright red; fine flavor and one of the best keepers. Specimen of this variety were shown at the Oregon State Fair one year after picking from tree. VANDEVERE (Newton Spitzenburg of the West) — Medium size; waxen yellow, striped with red and becoming deep crimson next the sun; flesh ten- der, yellow, rich and fine; rich and sub-acid flavor; valuable cooking variety; free grower and good bearer. Succeeds best in light, warm dry soils. No- vember to March. WAGENER— Medium to large; deep red in the sun; flesh firm, sub-acid and excellent; very productive; bearing very young. December to May. !0 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated WALBRIDGE — Medium size, striped with red; handsome and excellent quality; vigorous grower and productive; very hardy and considered of great value in the North and Northwest. March to June. WEALTHY — A native of Minnesota, where it has proved perfectly hardy, vigorous and productive; fruit of medium size; red, streaked with white; quality good. December to February. WHITE BELLFLOWER (Ottley) — Fruit medium to large, roundish, ob- long, conic; greenish yellow, becoming yellow at maturity, sometimes with a sunny cheek; flesh white, fine grained, tender, juicy, sub-acid, very pleasant. November to February. WEALTHY WHITE WINTER PEARMAIN — Large, roundish, oblong, conic; pale yel- low; extra high flavor; one of the best. December to February. WILLOW TWIG— Medium size; light yellow, shaded and marbled with DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 31 dull red and sprinkled with russet dots; flesh yellowish green, not very ten- der, pleasant, sub-acid. February to May. WINESAP — Medium; dark red, sub-acid, excellent; tree a moderate grow- er and abundant bearer ; a favorite market variety in the West. December to May. WINTER BANANA — Fruit large size, perfect in form; golden yellow and beautifully shaded and marbled with bright crimson red; flesh lemon yellow, fine grained, sub-acid, rich, aromatic flavor and of the highest quality; a good keeper; tree a remarkably strong grower, and on account of its great hardi- ness w'ill thrive in any climate; its early bearing is something simply wonder- ful, generally producing a fine crop of fruit the second year, foliage large and free from blight or mildew; a valuable market variety. November to May. WINTERSTEIN — One of Luther Burbank’s new creations; a seedling of Gravenstein, with a most delicious flavor; keeps with the Baldwin and R. I. Greening; flesh yellowish, flavor exceedingly tender, spicy, rich, sub-acid; color bright red in stripes; tree a vigorous grower and remarkable bearer; fruits every year; the best. WISMER WISMER’S DESSERT — Size medium to large; smooth, beautifully colored with yellow shaded with bright red, in stripe and blotches, marked with rus- set dots; exquisitely delicious flavor, juicy, melting, buttery, pearlike texture; tree a strong grower and extremely hardy; originated in Northern Ontario, Canada. Season November to April. 32 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated WOLF RIVER — Tree very hardy and productive; fruit large and hand- some; red color; flesh white, sub-acid. YELLOW BELLFLOWER — Large; yellow, with blush cheek; very tender, juicy, sub-acid; in use all winter; very valuable; a moderate grower and good bearer. YELLOW NEWTON PIPPIN — One of the very best apples as to quality; tree a light grower while young, very juicy, crisp and highly delicious flavor; fine keeper; does not succeed in all sections. December to May. YORK IMPERIAL — Medium whitish, shaded with crimson in the sun; firm, crisp, juicy, pleasant, mild, sub-acid; tree moderately vigorous and pro- ductive; a popular Pennsylvania variety. November to February. CRAB APPLE . Within the past few years much attention has been given to improving this class of fruit, because of their adaptability to cold sections where only a few varieties of apples can be successfully grown. These efforts have been attended with marked success. Crab apples succeed equally well in all sec- tions, and are valuable for cider, preserving, jelly, ornament, and some of the improved sorts are excellent for eating. Sent to the Eastern markets, they command a very high price. EXCELSIOR — A new, beautiful variety; tree as hardy as any of the crabs; originated at Excelsior, Minn. FLORENCE— Tree very hardy; a heavy bearer, but a poor grower; fruit medium size, good quality. GENERAL GRANT — Tree an erect, vigorous grower; fruit in dense clust- ers; quality equal to Duchess of Oldenburg. October to December. HYSLOP — Almost as large as Early Strawberry apple; deep crimson; very popular on account of its large size, beauty and hardiness. LARGE RED SIBERIAN — About an inch in diameter; grows in clusters; jellow, lively scarlet cheek; tree erect, vigorous; bears young and abundant- ly. September and October. LARGE YELLOW SIBERIAN — Nearly as large as the above; fine amber or golden yellow color. MARTHA — A new fruit raised from seed of the Duchess of Oldenburg; re- sembles the Transcendent, but larger; handsome, showy fruit; bears enor- mously ; said to be equal if not superior to all others for sauce. MINNESOTA — Hardy; a medium grower. January-February. TRANSCENDENT — All things considered, this is one of the most valuable varieties of crab apples grown; tree remarkably vigorous, growing to a good size, and immensely productive; comes into bearing a little the second year from planting, bearing every year after and producing good crops by the fourth year; fruit very large, from one and one-half to two inches in diameter, DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 33 being large enough to quarter and core for preserving and drying, excellent for sauce and pies, both green and dried; the best of its class for cider, being juicy and crisp, and is also by many considered a good eating apple; skm yel- low, striped with red. September to October. VAN WYCK— Large; skin mottled with bright red; sweet; tree vigorous. WHITNEY’S SEEDLING— Large, averaging one and a half to two inches in diameter; skin smooth, glossy, green striped, splashed with carmine, flesh firm, juicy and rich; a great bearer and very hardy; tree a vigorous, handsome grower; has no superior. PEARS. Our soil is especially adapted to the production of the finest and hardiest pear trees— those containing the most life, body and strength and u is an a mitted fact that they cannot be excelled. THIN THE FRUIT— We cannot urge too strongly the following sugges- tion; When pear trees are heavy laden the fruit should be thinned when about one-third grown, else the fruit will be poor and the tree injured. GATHERING PEARS — Most varieties of pears are greatly infeiior in flavor when allowed to ripen on the tree. Gather when, on gently lifting the fruit, the stem will readily separate from the limb; this will be from one o two weeks before they are ripe. Place in a cool, dark room until fully matured. Winter varieties should remain on the tree until time for the Fall rains or frosts. The following list contains most of those that have been well tested and proven valuable: SUMMER. BARTLETT— Large size, often with a beautiful blush next the sun; but- tery, very juicy and high flavored; tree a strong grower, bearing early and abundantly; very popular. Last of August and first of September. CLAPP'S FAVORITE — A large, new, fine pear, resembling the Bartlett, but without its musky flavor; pale lemon yellow, with brown dots; fine tex- ture, melting buttery, juicy, with a rich, sweet, delicate, vinous flavor; tree hardy and very productive; very desirable in all sections, and especially so where other varieties fail. August and September. DOYENNE D’ETE— Small; melting, sweet; yellowish; tree vigorous and productive. August. KOONCE Originated in Southern Illinois; has been largely planted, the most successful early market pear in that section. A strong, upright grower; hardy, magnificent foliage; has produced crops when all other varieties were killed by frost. Fruit medium, yellow, with carmine cheek; juicy, spicy, sweet and delicious quality; ripens with the earliest. An excellent shipper; it comes into bearing young. July and August. 34 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated LeCONTE (Sand)— Tree very vigorous and productive, partaking of the nature of the Chinese Sand pear, of which it is a seedling; fruit lar|e- skin smooth, pale yellow; quality fair; ripens about with Bartlett. MADELINE-Medium, yellowish green; very juicy, melting, sweet; a fair grower and productive. August. SOUVENIR de CONGRESS— Recently imported from France and of great promise; fruit large and exceedingly handsome; beautiful yellow, with bright red in the sun; melting and juicy, with a musky flavor, rather tender September. WILDER— Handsome, melting, sweet, pleasant and of the best quality for an early pear; one of the best keeping early pears. AUTUMN. l, a rH ESSE , MI , A , N ^ A_Fr ° m Russia; fruit of fair quality; tree is extremely hardy, valuable for the North where other varieties cannot be grown- it has proven as hardy as a Birch; strong, vigorous grower. BEURRE BOSC-A large, fine pear, with long neck, cinnamon russet, handsome; half melting, juicy, slightly perfumed and delicious- tree fine grower and productive; one of the most valuable of the Autumn pears. Sep- tember. • „ „ * CLAIRGEAU— Very large pyriform; yellow and red; nearly melt- >ng, high flavored; tree a very good grower and early and abundant bearer- a magnificent market fruit; one of the finest acquisitions. October and Novem- ber. BEURRE d’ANJOU — A large, fine pear !y, vinous flavor; tree a fine grower and October to January. ; buttery and melting, with spright- good bearer; one of the very best. BUFFUM— Medium size; yellow, somewhat covered with reddish brown and russet; buttery, sweet and excellent; a stout and upright grower. DEMSEY-Originated in Northern Canada, where it has proven hardy: fruit medium size and of excellent quality. DOYENNE du COMICE— Large; yellow, with a crimson and fawn cheek and russet dots; melting, rich, perfumed and luscious; tree vigorous and pro- ductive; a pear of much promise. October and November. DOYENNE WHITE (Fall Butter)- fine flavor. October to November. -Medium pale; yellow, with a blush; DUCHESS d’ANGOULEME— Very large; greenish, sometimes a little rus- seted; makes a beautiful tree; one of the best. October and November. FLEMISH BEAUTY— Large, beautiful juicy, melting, rich and fine strong grower and good bearer; hardy everywhere. September and October. GARBER— Originated in Pennsylvania 23 years ago; is large and beauti- ful; bright yellow with red; juicy and good; delicious canned; ready to pick DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 35 with Leconte or a few days later, and much better, not only in fruit, but in hardiness and health of trees; so far has never been blighted. HOWELL — Large; light, waxen yellow, with a fine red cheek; handsome, rich sweet, melting, perfumed, aromatic flavor; tree an upright, free grower, an early and profuse bearer; very hardy and valuable. September and October. IDAHO — Size large, nearly globular, obtusely ribbed; color light, rich yellow surface, covered with many small dots; cavity very deep and narrow and strongly furrowed; stem small and calyx closed; flesh white, fine grained, buttery and rich. October and November. K | EFFE R'S HYBRID — Tree a remarkable grower, with so vigorous a con- stitution that it rarely if ever blights; fruit of fine size and rich color; best when picked at maturity and house ripened. October and November. LOUISE BONNE de JERSEY— Rather large; greenish yellow, with a bright red cheek; juicy, buttery and melting; excellent; very productive; a fine grower. September and October. ROSSNEY — A new and excellent pear raised from seed at Salt Lake C it>, Utah; in size medium to large; very fine grained; flesh melting and juicy; very sweet; ripens two weeks after Bartlett; is an evcellent keeper and ship- per. The tree is much stronger than Kieffer. Luther Burbank says, under date of October 5, 1895: “The samples of Rossney pear arrived in due sea- son. The large size, handsome form and creamy yellow skin with crimson blush gives the fruit a tempting appearance, and the tender, creamy flesh ol just the right texture, with no hard spots and an unusually small core, with its superior flavor, makes it about the best pear so far seen. SECKEL Small; rich yellowish brown; one of the best and brightest flavored pears known; productive. September and October. TONKOVIETHKA — Russian origin; tree a good grower and very haidj . fruit medium size, fair quality, like Bessemianka; would advise planting in a northern country where other varieties fail. VERMONT BEAUTY— A beautiful new pear that originated in Northern Vermont; tree hardy and vigorous; early and abundant bearer; fruit medium yellow, with bright red cheek; flesh melting, juicy, sprightly and of best quality. October. WORDEN SECKEL — A seedling of the Seckel which for many years has been conceded to be the standard of excellence; equal in quality to its famous parent, which it much resembles in flavor; is equally as luscious, moie juicj, and with an aroma equally as rich and inviting, while in size, color, form and appearance it is decidedly superior; in color, when well ripened, it closely resembles Clapp’s Favorite, with a skin that is usually as smooth and waxy as if it had been varnished; tree a more upright and rapid grower than Seck- el; hardy and enormous bearer; fruit keeps well, retaining its quality to the last. WINTER. BEURRE EASTER — Large pale yellow, sprinkled with round dots, often dull red cheek; quality good; one of the best winter pears; keeps well all win- ter. 36 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated CROCKER BARTLETT PEAR DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 37 CROCKER BARTLETT — Originated by L. L. Crocker, Loomis, Cal., who gives the following description: “Ripens January and February. It is pre- ferable to the Standard Bartlett; better flavor; about the same size very iuicv and melting- high golden color and a prolific bearer, trees ne e loaded, although they bear heavy every year. The Crocker n^ry are picked in October and laid away same as winter apples till about January, when they mellow up and are delicious; very hardy; will ship to England a bacT if required. It has proven to be blight proof, and it has stood the test for the past ten years. Out of 3,000 young bearing Crocker Bartlett trees in my orchard I offer a liberal reward for any sign of blight on them. KENNEDY-Originated by General John Baldwin on Rancho Chico Butte County Cal.; superior to Bartlett or Winter Nellis; would be classed as a winter ’variety in northern sections; hardy, vigorous growing tree; bears well, undoubtedly the most valuable new pear; originated in California. LINCOLN CORELESS-Large green until thoroughly ripe when it be- comes a beautiful yellowish green; flesh rich yellow juicy, melting and of very delicate aromatic flavor; no seeds or core. February and March. MOUNT VERNON— Medium to large; of rich russet color; flesh juicy, rich melting, with a spicy flavor. New. November to January. PATRICK BARRY— This pear was originated by the late B. S. Fox of San Jose, and is acknowledged by our best judges to possess qualities J»iequa ed by anv of our long keeping pears. It is large, deep yellow, nearly covered Jith a rich, golden russet; flesh whitish, firm, juicy, melting, sweet, slightly vinous and rich; an early and prolific bearer. January to March. POUND-A monstrous, very showy, fruit, often weighing three pounds; yellow red cheek; tree very vigorous and productive. PRATT’S SEEDLING— Originated in Salem, Oregon, with Captain Pratt. A pear with all the good qualities of the Bartlett, but will keep until March in shape and color like the Sheldon, but larger. The tree is a fine grower, with a more spreading top than the Bartlett. Has been shown at our fruit conventions and is endorsed by all our fruit growers; a fine acquisition to our list of winter varieties. VICAR OF WINKFIELD (Le Cure)— Large, long; not first quality, but desirable for its productiveness. November to January. WINTER BARTLETT— This fine pear originated at Eugene, Oregon. The tree stands in a door yard in that city, bearing fine fruit, and has, with pos- sibly two or three exceptions, borne a good crop for over 20 years; tree very vigorous, a foot in diameter and 40 feet high; has had no pruning or care, yet it is as symmetrical and pretty a shaped tree as one ever sees; m large ’ closely resembling the Bartlett in shape and appearance; perfectly flesh tender, juicy and melting, but season a little later, and as good a be desired. WINTER NELLIS — Medium in size; yellowish green and msset, fine grained, melting, rich and delicious; one of the best winter pears; tree strag- gly, slender growing, but very productive. December. 38 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated CHERRIES . highest STT, n T a Sa y ° r gravelly SOi1 ’ and there attains its one It is one f’th V6ry ^ ln almost any sit “ a «°n except a wet one. It is one of the most ornamental of all fruit trees, wnich with its de- licous and refreshing fruit, makes it very desirabie for planting near dwell- ings, where beauty and shade, as well as fruit are so desirable. iWoreu th f 6m fnt ° tW ° classes Hearts and Bigarreaus, and Dukes and ‘ ” Th ® flrst - being strong and vigorous growers, making large open spreading heads or tops, are best suited for the purpose of shade, and produce large heart-shape sweet fruit. The Duke and Morellos are all of slower giowth and do not ever attain so large size, and are more hardy, less liable to get injured by bursting bark, and generally produce acid fruits, and make he most beautiful dwarfs. One and two-year-old trees are the most desir able for transplanting, and are usually from 4 to 6 feet high. HEART AND BIGARREAU CHERRIES. Fruit heartshaped, with tender, sweet flesh; large, soft, drooping leaves. tree of rapid growth, wuth ALLEN Has been fruiting for several years; tree a healthy grower- im- mensely productive; fruit of excellent quality; large size, nearly heart-shaped, shiny and smooth; color when ripe nearly black; very meaty and firm; so far free from all rot and disease; ripens late; good enough for any home use, and we believe will prove one of the most profitable market varieties in all sections where the siveet cherries succeed. BING This grand new black cherry was originated by Seth Duelling of Milwaukee, Ore.; one-half larger than Black Republican; flesh very solid; flavor of highest quality; tree tlirif- t>, upright grower; very hardy and product- ive; a fine shipper and market variety. BLACK TARTARIAN — Very large; bright purplish black; half tender, juicy, very rich, excellent flavor; tree a vigorous grower and productive. June. BLACK REPUBLICAN -A native of Ore- gon; fruit very large, shining black; flesh very solid and firm; fine; a good keeper and will bear tiansportation well; tree a moderate grower and rather tender; an early and pro- fuse bearer. A Dimb of Linn County Cherries. CENTENNIAL— A new cherry; a seedling of Napoleon Bigarreau, raised by Mr Henry Chapman, in Napa Valley, Cal. It is larger than its parent more ob.ate in form, and beautifully marbled and splashed with crimson on a pa e • el-<>w ground. Its sweetness is very marked. Its keeping qualities at- DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 39 ter being taken from the tree will undoubtedly render it the best cherry for shipment, specimens having been carried to the Eastern states and Europe without apparent injury. CHAPMAN — This grand new cherry originated in Napa Valley, California, where it ripens about April 10. It is the earliest of all shipping varieties, bears early and immense crops of fine luscious fruit, which grows somewhat more in clusters than Black Tartarian; size very large; form roundish; stem long and slender; surface smooth; color purplish black; flesh half tender, stone small; flavor of the highest quality. On account of ns great beauty, quality and earliness it is a very profitable market variety. Said to be a seedling of the Black Tartarian. DEACON— This new cherry is supposed to have originated at Sacramento, Cal.- color black; flesh firmer than Luelling (Black Republican), and much larger- ripens with Black Tartarian; flavor of the highest quality; it has been shipped from Sacramento to New York arriving in prime condition. EARLY PURPLE GUIGNE (Early Purple)— The earliest fine variety; medium size; heart shaped; tender, juicy and sweet; tree rather a slender grower, but very hardy and productive. ELTON— Large and fine flavor; pale yellow, light red next the sun; vig- orous grower. Last of June. GOVERNOR WOOD— Very large; rich; light yellow with red cheek; juic\ and sweet ; one of the very best. Last of June. HOSK IN— Originated by C. E. Hoskin, Newberg, Oregon; very large; col- or black; flavor similar to Black Tartarian; a very promising variety. KNIGHT’S EARLY — Large, black, tender, juicy, rich and excellent, good grower and productive. Middle to last of June. LAMBERT — Size very large; form roundish, heart-shaped; cavity medium regular with gradual slope; stem long, slender; suture of medium depth and wide, extending from cavity to apex, which is of a round, russet dot in a broad depression; surface smooth, glossy; color dark purplish red with numerous minute, indented russet dots; flesh dark purplish red, with whitish veins, meaty and of firm texture; stone oval, semi-cling, small for so large a fruit; flavor sweet or very mild, sub-acid, aromatic, rich; quality very good. OX-HEART (Major Francis) -Fruit large, obtuse, heart-shaped; skin aark red; half tender, with a pleasant juicy, of second quality in point of flavor. Last of June. NAPOLEON BIGARREAU (Royal Ann)-A magnificent cherry of the larg- est size; pale yellow, with bright red cheek; flesh very firm, juicy and sweet; one of the best for market and canning. Late. OREGON-Tree a strong grower; fruit large, black, of good quality, but not so firm as Bing. Late. W ,NDSOR — New seedling, originated at Windsor, Canada; fruit large; liver color, resembling the Elkhorn or Tradescanfs Black Heart, nevertheless 40 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated quite distinct; ripens three or four days after that variety; flesh remarkably firm and of fine quality; tree hardy and very prolific; a valuable late variety for market and for family use. YELLOW SPANISH— Large; pale yellow, with red cheek; firm, juicy and excellent; one of the best light colored cherries; vigorous and productive. Last of June. DUKE AND MORELLO CHERRIES. These two classes of cherries are very distinct from the preceding. The trees of smaller size and grow more slowly; the leaves are thicker and more erect and of a deeper green. The fruit is generally round, and in color varying from light red to dark brown. The Dukes have stout erect branches usually, and some of them, like Reine Hortense, quite sweet fruit, while the Morellos have slender, spreading branches and acid fruit invariably. These two classes are peculiarly appro- priate for dwarfs and pyramids on the Mahaleb stock, and their hardiness renders them well worthy of attention in localities where the Heart and Bigarreau are too tender. BALDWIN CHERRY— This cherry is a seedling of the English Morello, and it was originally planted for an Early Richmond, which had been budded on a seedling of the English Morello. The budded part was accidentally broken off and a sprout came from the root, which was so vigorous that it was allowed to grow. The tree is an upright grower, more inclined to be round than otherwise. A very rank, vigorous grower; leaves rather broad- bloom pure white, which turns to pink color, similar to the Hydrangea; fruit very large almost perfectly round; very dark, yet almost transparent; flavor slightly sub-acid, yet the sweetest and richest of the Morello type- stems rather large, of medium length, more inclined to grow in pairs than in clus- ters; it is remarkable for earliness, vigor and hardiness. DYEHOUSE— Partakes of both the Duke and Morello in wood and fruit- a very early and sure bearer; ripens a week before Early Richmond, of better quality and quite as productive. ENGLISH MORELLO— Medium to large; blackish red; rich, acid juicy and good; very productive. August. KENTiSH (Early Richmond)— Medium size; dark red; melting, juicy, sprightly acid flavor. This is one of the most valuable and popular of the acid cherries, and is unsurpassed for cooking purposes. Tree a slender grow- er, with a roundish, spreading head, and is exceedingly productive; the most hardy Of all varieties; uninjured by the coldest winters, when almost every other variety has been killed. Ripens through June. LATE DUKE— Large; light red; late and fine. Last of July. MAY DUKE— Large; red; juicy and rich; an old, excellent variety vig- orous and productive. Middle of June. MONTMORENCY LARGE— A large, red cherry; larger than Early Rich- mond and fully 10 days later. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 41 OLIVET— A new Duke of French origin; unlike most others of this class it is said to be very early and to ripen over a longer period; fruit very large, globular and of a deep, shining red; tender, rich and vinous, with a sweet, sub-acidulous flavor. OSTHEIM — A hardy cherry from Russia. It has been tested in the sever- est winter of Minnesota and has been found perfectly hardy; fruit large, roundish, ovate; skin red, dark at maturity; stalk long; flesh liver colored, tender, juicy, almost sweet. VLADIMIR — Of medium size, mildly acid, excellent. A haidy, fruitful Russian sort particularly adapted to northern growing. July. WRAGG— Much like English Morello; more productive and excels in size, in yield and quality. PLUMS . ABUNDANCE— Mr. George W. Thisseil of Winters, Cal., says of this fruit; “I have fruited it three years; have found it very prolific; fruit large to very large- color vellowish green, with red cheek in the sun; flesh deep yel ow and exceedingly sweet; pit very small; ripens at Winters June 10th. I con aider this one of my best shipping plums. AMERICA-Originated by Luther Burbank; fruit large to very large; skin glossy coral red; flesh yellow, moderately firm and delicious; said to be one of the most highly flavored plums. A P P L E Another of Burbank’s novelties; named from its close resem- blance. form, color and rare keeping qualities; flesh firm, pale red, with marbling and streaks of pink; a valuable acquisition to the list of Japanese plums. Ripens after Burbank. BARTLETT— One of the best of Burbank’s recent productions; said to be wonderfully productive; a very ornamental tree with glossy green l leaves re- sembling very closely the famous Bartlett in habit of growth, flavor and fra gr^nce- fruit oval, yellow, turning to deep crimson when fully ripe; flesh light salmon colored, firm and juicy. Ripens before Burbank. BLUE DAMSON— Fruit small, oval; skin purple, covered with blue bloom; flesh melting and juicy, rather tart; separates partly from the stone. Sep- tember. BRADSHAW— Fruit very large; dark violet red; flesh yellowish green; juicy and pleasant; tree vigorous, erect and productive. Middle of August. BURBANK— Tree a vigorous grower; early and very heavy bearer; fruit very sweet yellowish ground, with red cheek in the sun; flesh and very sweet when full ripe; extremely small pit, which clings. Midale o June. CHARLES DOWNING— Vigorous, healthy tree; fruit large, round, re , handsome and excellent; one of the best of the Wild Goose type. CHALCO-A cross between Simon! and Burbank; resembles the former variety very closely, but said by the originator, Luther Burbank, to be by far 42 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated superior to it; a tremendous grower and very prolific; superior shinning nlmn. as it ripens and keeps well when picked green; must eventually supplant tne Simoni, thriving and bearing where that variety is a failure. CLIMAX— This is well named the “King of Plums.” Its extreme earliness, immense size, high color, delicious flavor and fragrance places it in the lead among early shipping plums. Fruit heart-shaped; color deep, dark red; flesh yellow ; tree vigorous and remarkably productive. CLYMAN— A beautiful plum originated in the Napa Valley, California- it is a good bearer; free stone; quality of llesh superior; valuable on account of its earliness and its excellent shipping qualities. COE'S GOLDEN DROP— Large and handsome; light yellow; firm, rich, sweet; one of the best of late plums. Last of September. COLUMBIA— Fruit of largest size. G or 7 inches in circumference, nearly globular; skin brownish purple, dotted with numerous fawn colored specks- flesh orange, not very juicy, but when at full maturity very rich, sugary and excellent. Last of August. COMBINATION— New plum; early, regular and abundant bearer of large, nearly globular fruit of uniform size; flesh straw color, extremely sweet, with a very pronounced pineapple flavor; stone small and nearly free when’ fully ripe. Luther Burbank, the originator, says: “An extremely handsome, large, early, light crimson plum of the very best quality, ripens at Santa Rosa, July 12th, before most of the earliest plums and about as early as the Climax'. The trees, both old and young, are about the best and most symmetrical grower among the plums, making an early, rapid growth, ripening the wood perfectly aardy to the tips early in the season, indicating unusual hardiness. The bark, leaves and fruit are all unique. Bark, dark russet bronze. The unus- ually large broad glossy coriaceous leaves are bronze crimson in the spring and fall. “Combination” tree resemble no other trees in cultivation and are certain to please everyone.” DeSOTO— Very hardy; extremely productive; medium size; bright red; good quality. FIRST New plum; fruit of good, medium size; pale amber, faint blush on sunny side, half transparent ; flesh same color, moderately firm, sweet, juicy and good, especially so when just at the right stage of ripeness; tree of medium growth; never fails to produce all it can hold. Luther Burbank, the originator, says: “In introducing this new plum, I confidently make the state- ment that it is the earliest of all plums, ripening at Santa Rosa, June 15th, fully three weeks earlier than the Red June, and also that it is the largest,’ handsomest and most productive of all very early plums. It should prove very hardy, and for home use and near markets will be the most useful of all \ery early plums. It is too soft and ripens too suddenly for shipping to dis- dant markets, but its extreme earliness, large size and good quality make a combination of very unusual value.” FOREST ROSE A native of Polk County, Missouri; fruit round, larger than Wild Goose; skin rather thick and of a beautiful dark color, covered with a delicate bloom ; stone small; excellent quality. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 43 GREEN GAGE — Small, round; flesh pale green, melting and juicy; sepa- rates freely from the stone; one of the best flavored plums. July. qUEII — F ruit very large; deep blush purple, covered with thick bloom; flesh yellowish green, coarse, sweet and pleasant ; great bearer and very ear- ly; tree a hardy and rapid grower. This new variety is regarded as very valuable for market by growers along the Hudson river. First to middle of September. HALE — Fruit medium to large; yellow mottled and speckled red; flesh soft and juicy, yellow, cling, of good quality; tree a moderately spreading, vigorous grower; follows Burbank in ripening. Last of August. JEFFERSON — Tree a rather slow and poor grower, but very productive; color yellow with a red cheek ; flesh orange colored, juicy and rich, parts free- ly from the stone. Last of August. KELSEY JAPAN — Very large, heart shaped; color green, changing to rich yellow, nearly overspread with bright red when fully ripe, and covered with bloom; flesh yellow, very firm and adheres slightly to the stone, which is very small; tree an immense bearer and very ornamental. July to October. LOMBARD — Medium size, roundish oval; delicate violet red, with a thin bloom; flesh yellow, juicy and pleasant, but not rich. Middle and last of August. MAYNARD — Originated by Luther Burbank, that great master of modern horticulture. In size it is very large, often measuring 7% inches in circum- ference; form nearly round, slightly flattened at the ends; of richest crimson purple, deepening to royal damask as full ripeness is reached; tree hardy vigorous and compact grower; leaves dark, gloosy green; bears immense crops of even-sized fruit while very young; never fails; surpasses all other varieties in keeping and carrying qualities; flesh firm, even when dead ripe but melting and juicy, with a deliciousness indescribable; will command the highest price in both home and foreign markets. MILTON— Rather large; dark red; skin thin; flesh firm; good quality; ripens earlier than Wild Goose; its large size, good quality and extreme ear- liness make it very valuable; a strong grower; productive. MINER— Medium size; oblong; skin dark, purplish red; flesh soft, juicy, vinous and adheres to the stone; excellent for canning and cooking and es- teemed for market; productive. MIRACLE — Burbank’s history and description of the stoneless plum Mir- acle: “About 16 or 18 years ago I sent to a French nurseryman for the Prim- us- Sans Noyeau, a fruit which has been known as a curiosity for hundreds of years. This soon fruited with me, producing a fruit about the size of a small cherry, having a Damson color and flavor, with a stone partially covering the pit, and growing on an unproductive, rambling, thorny bush. This was care- fully crossed with the French prune and other plums, and after about ten years I began to see the results in sweet and sour Damson like fruits of all sizes. At last, about 4 years ago, in a lot of these hybrid seedlings, a strong vigorous, close jointed tree with large leaves and very prominent buds was raised, which produced the fruit called Miracle, of much better flavor than 44 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated even the best Damsons, of greatly improved form, size, color and quality, and the stone wholly eliminated. Like several others of these hybrid seedlings, this new and first really stoneless hybrid plum not only resembles but even surpasses its staminate parent, the French Prune, in size, and resembles it in general form, and especially in its enormous productiveness, but having a much heavier blue bloom, thus more resembling some of the German Hun- garian prunes. While not containing sugar enough to be classed among the drying prunes, for cooking it must supplant all the Damsons, as it is larger and more productive, if possible, than any of them which are noted for their productiveness. Experiments are to be continued in this very interesting line, and among the thousands of hybrid seedlings of the last generation a large number show that they have still further valuable distinctive qualities. It has been a tedious and highly expensive matter to breed out the stone from the plum, and at the same time increase its size, quality and productiveness, as only a small proportion of the seedlings are stoneless, and most of them Our Trees and Plants are tured and Absolutely True to we have established our well - earned reputation as the “OLD RELIABLE” DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 45 show the many undesirable qualities usually found in seedlings, so that to produce a stoneless fruit of good quality has been a monumental task which very few would be willing to follow up. Probably not one person in a million realizes the fact that such a plum could hardly be produced for less than the cost, of half a score of average New England farms, yet such are the facts. MOORE’S ARCTIC — Originated in Maine, and celebrated for its remark- able hardiness, great bearing qualities and freedom from curculio; fruit glows in large clusters; large, dark purple; flavor very fine, both for preserving and dessert; a long keeper. OCTOBER PURPLE — Propagated by Luther Burbank of California; lruit large and uniform in size; color a dark, rich maroon; stone small; flavor fine; tree a fine grower; this variety is pronounced by Mr. Burbank one of the best varieties he has producted; ripens middle of September; should be in every collection. PEACH— Very large, shaped like a peach; skin brownish red; flesh pale yellow, slightly coarse grained, but juicy; separates freely from the stone; very valuable for shipping, always commanding a high price. POTTAWATOMIE — Perfectly hardy and an immense, early, annual bear- er; fruit is yellow, overspread with a bright pink and prominent white dots; flesh yellow, luscious, good. Ripens in July. PRUNUS SIMONI (Apricot Plum)— A distinct species from China; growth erect; flower small, white, appearing early in the spring; fruit large flattened; of the size and appearance of a nectarine, and of a brick red color; flesh yellow, with a peculiar aromatic flavor. RED JUNE — Recommended by such high authority as Professor Bailey as “by all odds the best Japanese plum, ripening before Abundance.’ One o the vigorous, upright growers; productive; fair size; vermillion red with handsome bloom; pleasant quality. Ripens after Willard, a week before Abundance. August. REINE CLAUDE DE BAVAY— Rather large; yellowish green; flesh yel- low, sugary, melting and juicy, with a sprightly, excellent flavor. Last of September and first of October. SATSUMA (Blood Plum)— Large, round; deep crimson to the pit; flesh very firm- seed remarkably small; it makes a beautiful crimson, semi-trans parent jelly, which has a peculiar guava-like, spicy flavor, which all admire Ripens five to six weeks earlier than the Kelsey. SHIPPER’S PRIDE-This plum originated in Northwestern New York, near the shores of Lake Ontario, and has never been known to freeze back a particle in the severest winter; size large; color dark purple; flesh firm and excellent quality. First of September. SHIR0 — Originated by Luther Burbank; fruit egg-shaped; medium size; smooth, bright yellow, thin bloom; flesh clings to the pit; said to be more productive than the Burbank. 46 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated SULTAN— Also known as Occident; a rapid, compact grower; very pro- ductive; fruit falls like apples soon as ripe; fruit large spherical; dull red, with blue bloom; delicious, sub-acid; one of the best for cooking; fine keeper and shipper; will attract attention anywhere by their unusual size and beauty of form and color. Ripens about a week before Burbank. TATGE— Another new plum of the Domestic type that bids fair to rival all others in its class; it is of the Lombard family; originated in Iowa- a good grower; comes early into bearing and is immensely productive. WASHINGTON— All things considered, this is one of the finest and most popular plums; fruit very large, roundish oval; skin yellow, with a slight crimson blush in well ripened specimens; flesh very sweet and luscious; tree vigorous, with broad handsome foliage; very productive. Last of August. WEAVER-Pruit large; purple, with bloom; of good quality; a constant and regular bearer; tree hardy and thrifty grower. WICKSON— Originated with Luther Burbank of Santa Rosa, California, and considered by him to be among the best of the Japan plums; the tree is a strong, vigorous, upright grower, even more so than the Simoni Plum which it very much resembles in habit, except that the leaves are much broader; it is a cross with Satsuma on Kelsey bloom; formed like the Kelsey, but more sy metrical; in ripening the color changes from a deep cherry red to a rich claret; flesh amber, very juicy; pit is small; the flavor is striking and agreeable; a valuable shipping plum. WILLARD Earliest of Japan plums and hence very valuable ior market; a strong vigorous, hardy tree; very productive; fruit a medium size; bright claret red with many minute dots; firm, white flesh; free stone. WILD GOOSE A variety of the Chickasaw; medium; roundish oblong; reddish yellow; valuable and profitable at the south and southwest, where the European plum will not succeed; tree a free grower. Middle of August. YELLOW EGG— Very large; skin of a deep golden color, covered with a white bloom; juicy, but rather acid; an excellent variety for cooking; very showy, and when fully ripe a most attractive dessert plum. PRUNES . We follow the distinction made between plums and prunes, as is common in the horticultural literature of the Pacific Coast. By the term “prune” is signified a plum which dries successfully without the removal of the pit and produces a sweet, dried fruit, though in the confusion of our nomenclature not even this broad classification is faithfully followed. For example- We have the “Hungarian Prune” as a local traditional name for “Pond’s" Seed- ling Plum ’ which has no value as a prune. DOSCH-Introduced by Hon. H. E. Dosch, after whom it is named. Origi- nated near Portland, Oregon, about 10 years ago. Color purple, very large- flesh juicy delicious, sweeter than the Italian but not so sweet as the Petite! DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 47 flavor excellent and for canning has no equal; dries very heavy. Tree hardy thrilty grower ten days to two weeks earlier than the Italian. Received a gold medal at Omaha Exposition in 1898, both in green and dried states. FRENCH PRUNE (Petite Prune d’Agen) — Medium size, egg shaped; violet purple; sweet, rich and sugary; very productive. This is the standard variety for drying and has been more extensively planted than any other. September. GERMAN PRUNE — Long, oval; skin purple, covered with blue bloom; flesh green, sweet; separates from the stone. September. GIANT — Fruit is much larger than the Petite prune; dark crimson on yel- low ground; flesh is sweet and of fine texture; makes a handsome dried prune, recommended as a good shipping variety. GOLDEN— A seedling of Italian prune; originated in Oregon; light golden color good flavor and heavy dryer; strong grower and abundant bearer; very free stone. September. PRUNES COMPARED WITH A HALF DOLLAR (Grown in Linn County) HUNGARIAN PRUNE (Pond’s Seedling, Grosse Prune d’Agen) Large, ovate; skin thick, reddish violet, with numerous brown dots; juicy and sweet; tree a strong grower and good bearer; its large size and showy appearance render it a profitable variety for shipment for home and distant markets. IMPERIAL (Clairac Mammoth) — Very late; of a violet purple color, with dark blue bloom; flesh greenish yellow and exceedingly sweet; pit small, ripens earlier than the French prune, and when dried is quite dark; the fruit when graded average 20 to 30 to the pound. ITALIAN (Fellenberg) — Medium to large size, oval; dark purple; flesn juicy, sweet and delicious; a standard drying variety. September. 48 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated PACIFIC — Originated at Mt. Tabor, Oregon; tree hardy; borne abundantly since 3 years old; fruit free stone; very large and handsome; flavor the finest, rich sugary and luscious; a good shipper. ROBE de SARGENT — Fruit medium size; oval; skin deep purple approach- ing to black and covered with a thick blue bloom; flesh greenish yellow, sweet and well flavored, sugary rich and delicious, adheres slightly to the stone. This variety makes a large darker colored dried prune than the Prune d'Agen and is valuable both for drying and preserving. SILVER— A seedling of Coe’s Golden Drop, which it much resembles. In the judgment of fruit experts it is entitled to rank with the best dried plums and prunes because of its large size, handsome appearance and superior flavor. SPLENDOR— Large; very long in shape; clear, even purple; turns black in curing; cooked has a slight acid flavor. SUGAR PRUNE — This is another of Luther Burbank’s valuable produc- tions, and is not only very much larger but is regarded as much superior to the French prune. It is claimed by the producer to ripen 28 days earlier than the French ; that the fruit is four times as large, that it dries in half the time, that spring frosts do not affect the trees, and that it never fails to bear a full crop. The tree is a strong grower, producing heavy branches and does not re- quire the care demanded by the French. It is both early and prolific in bear- ing and the fruit when cured is very large, attractive and of excellent quality. TENNANT — Originated in Whatcom County, Washington, where it has been tested for 20 years, and has never failed to produce a good crop of fruit; large; dark purple with a blue bloom; tree hardy and very productive; bears transportation well. August. TRAGEDY— Fruit medium size; skin dark purple; flesh yellowish green, very rich and sweet; frees readily from the pit; its early ripening (in June) makes it very valuable as a shipping fruit. PEACHES To secure healthy, vigorous and fruitful trees and fine fruit, the following points must be well attended to in peach culture: First— Keep the ground clean and mellow around the trees, and give it an occasional dressing of wood ashes. Second — Keep the head low. Third — Attend regularly every spring to pruning and shortening the shoots of the previous year’s growth. This keeps the head round, full and well furnished with bearing wood. Cut shoots back about one half, and strong ones one-third, but see that you have a sufficient supply of fruit buds. Sickly and superfluous shoots should be cut clean out. It should always be borne in mind that the fruit is produced on wood of the last season’s growth, and hence the necessity for keeping up a good sup- ply of vigorous, annual shoots all over the tree. ADMIRAL DEWEY — Ripens at the same time as the Triumph, but is said to be far superior to it. It is a perfect freestone; has better form and DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 49 brighter color; flesh is yellow, of uniform color and texture to the pit; the tree is strong, symmetrical grower and fully as hardy and productive as the Triumph; said to be the very best early yellow freestone in cultivation. ALEXANDER — Large; greenish white, with deep maroon shade; juic> and sweet ; one of the standard sorts. AMSDEN’S JUNE— Very similar to the Alexander; some say they are identical; originated in Missouri; ripens same time as Alexander. AUSTRALIAN SAUCER— Medium flat, hollow like a saucer on one side, hence the name; skin white, shaded crimson in the sun; flesh white, sweet, delicious flavor; pit small, almost round; an oddity for home consumption only. July. BANNER (New) — Originated at Woodslee, Ont. The original trees have borne 16 crops, several years bearing well when all other varieties in Ontario failed- tree very hardy, both in wood and bud; bears young and very pro- ductive, equaling the Prolific; fruit large; deep yellow, with crimson cheek, flesh yellow to the pit, firm, rich and excellent quality; pit small, free, equal io any as a shipper or keeper. Prof. W. W. Hilborn, director of the experi- mental station at Leamington, Ont., has known it for many years, fruited it for several years in experimental orchard, and recommends it as the very best late market variety. Last of September and October. BOKARA-The best of Professor Budd’s importations from Bokara and said to be the hardiest peach grown; lareg size, fine quality and immense . productive. Last of August. BRIGGS RED MAY-Originated with J. B. Briggs of Marysville; fruit medZf «; I greenish white, with red cheek; melting and juicy; a standard early variety and one of the most extens planted in California. Middle of June. CARMAN-Large, resembling the Elberta in shape; creamy wMto » pri. vellow, with deep blush; skin very tough; flesh tender and of fine flavor, juicy; prolific bearer; profitable market variety. Ripe June 20th. CHAMPION— Beyond doubt this is the champion early peach of America. Tree and fruit buds extremely hardy-has stood 18 degrees below zero and produced a full crop the following summer. Fruit often 10 inches in cir- cumference; quality Al; remarkable good shipper. August. CHARLOTTE-An improved seedling from Early Crawford; originated at Salem Oregon in 1878, by O. Dickenson, where it has attracted much atte tion among fruit growers. This remarkable new peach succeeds in O. egon where many other varieties fail. Flesh yellow, melting and juicy, with rich and excellent flavor. CRAWFORD’S EARLY-Very large; yellow, with a handsome red_Cheek; flesh yellow, melting, rich and sweet, with a very luscious flavor; the best 50 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated early yellow-fleshed peach, and as profitable for market as any of its season- very vigorous, productive and hardy. Middle of August. CRAWFORD’S LATE Very large, in color resembling the Early Craw- ford; flesh rich yellow, very melting, with a sweet vinous flavor; like the fore- going, an excellent market fruit; also a strong grower. Middle of September. CROSBY— This new peach, which originated in New England, is highly recommended on accout of its hardiness and bearing qualities; it has borne full crops for the past five years very near the New Hampshire line. It has stood 12 degrees below zero and borne immense crops, while all other kinds were killed in the same orchard. Fruit roundish in form, slightly Battened, with a distinct seam across the bloom end; color is bright yellow, with a red cheek; flesh yellow, sweet, juicy and rich; a freestone with a very small pit Last of August. ' EARLY IMPERIAL— Originated by W. W. Smith, Vacaville. Fruit large- deep yellow, with dark red cheek; flesh rich, juicy and very firm; very highly colored peach and remarkable for its firmness; resembles Yellow St John in form, but earlier, larger, and more highly colored. Ripens with Hale’s Early and its rich color and earliness combined will make it one of the most profit- able varieties for early shipment. ELBERTA No peach that has been introduced in the past 10 years has created such a stir or is entitled to such universal recognition as the Elberta. It is yellow fleshed and of large size; a beautiful color of yellow and red- delicious quality; vigorous grower, one of the most productive on all soils id cultivation, and last but not least is a good shipper. The tree comes into bearing very young and is distinct in growth from anything else. Early August. EVERBEARING— A remarkable peach, having the peculiarity of ripening its fruit successively over a period of eight weeks; creamy white, mottled and striped; flesh white, with red veins; juicy, rich and fine. FITZGERALD— A new variety from Ontario, Canada. Very large, similar to Crawford in appearance; pleasant sub-acid and excellent; very hardy and reliable and a fine cropper. FOSTER Large; yellow, becoming very dark, and earlier than the Early Crawford and superior in many points; flesh is firmer, without so much red at the stone, which is smaller; one of the very best for drying, marxet or canning. GLOBE A rapid, vigorous grower and an enormuos bearer; fruit very targe; globular in form; flesh firm, juicy; yellow, shaded with reddish crim- son towards the pit or stone; quality good, very rich and luscious. September. GREENSBORO— The largest and most beautifully colored of all the early varieUes; double the size of Alexander, ripening at the same time; flesh uiniro ininu ond ,1 t..i DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 51 GOLDEN CHANCE — An extra large peach; yellow; with full red cneelt , strong grower and great bearer; one of the best new peaches; good for can- ning or drying. HALE’S EARLY — Medium size; greenish white, with red cheek; first quality; tree healthy, good grower and productive. LEMON FREE— Lemon shape and color; large size; immensely pioduct- ive; excellent quality. September. LOVELL— A California seedling; large, almost perfectly round; flesh yel- low to the pit, firm and of excellent quality, a superb canning and drying peach and more in demand by the canners in recent years and commanding a much higher price than any other variety of freestone peach; worthy of ex- tensive cultivation. Ripens a few days after Muir. MOUNTAIN ROSE-Large; red; flesh white, rich and excellent; one of the best early peaches, ripening with Troth’s Early, and much larger and finer than that variety; should be in every collection. First of August. MUIR PEACHES M u I R — Large to very large; perfect freestone; flesh clear yellow, very dense, rich and sweet; pit small; fruit a good shipper a “ d can "® r J ty culiarly adapted to drying because of its exceptional sweetness and density of flesh. Ripens third week in August. NEWHALL-Originated with Sylvester Newhall of San .Tose; a superb peach of very large size; skin yellow, with a dark red cheek- flesh t deep jel- low juicy and rich, vinous flavor; ripens about one week before Crawfords Late; tree very healthy, hardy, vigorous and not affected by curl like Cra ford’s Late. 52 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated PERFECTION— This new and valuable peach originated about three miles above Weston, Umatilla county, Oregon, near the timber line of the Blue Mountain Range, at a high altitude which proves its hardiness. The fruit is of the largest size, yellow with a beautiful blush cheek. The flesh is thick and very fine grained yellow, with red around the pit, which is nearly as small as a prune seed. Its tough skin, firm flesh and good keeping qualities place it in the lead for a good shipping and market variety. Ripens from 10th to 15th of September. PROLIFIC (New)— Large, attractive, firm; color yellow, crimson cheek; flesh yellow to pit; very firm; pit small; very productive and one of the hardiest peaches known. September. REEVES’ FAVORITE — Large, roundish; skin yellow, with fine red cheek; flesh yellow, red at the stone, juicy, melting, with a vinous flavor; a good, hardy variety. September. SALWAY — A large peach of English origin; creamy yellow, with a brown- ish red cheek; flesh deep yellow, red at the pit, rich and sweet; a standard late peach growing more in favor with the orchardists. Middle of September. STRAWBERRY — Medium size; white marbled with dark red; flesh white, red near the pit; juicy, with a rich, delicious flavor. July. SNEED— A new variety from Alabama and a seedling from Chinese Cling; ic is also a cling, with a beautiful red cheek; flesh white, very sweet and juicy, the skin peeling off like a banana. Ripens 10 days before Alexander. SUSQUEHANNA— A large, handsome variety, nearly globular, skin rich yellow, with beautiful red cheeks; flesh yellow, sweet, juicy, with a rich, vinous flavor. TRIUMPH — A freestone, ripening with Alexander; blooms late and tree is a strong, thrifty grower; the fruit is of large size with a very small pit; sur- face yellow, nearly covered with red, and dark crimson in the sun; flesh bright yellow, juicy, sweet and of excellent flavor. VAN BUREN DWARF— Tree very dwarf and ornamental, and on this ac- count valuable for very small gardens; fruit medium size; skin yellow, shaded red; flesh yellow and of fine quality. Ripens middle of August. WAGER — Medium; yellow color in the sun; juicy and of fair flavor; the trees have remarkable vigor and vitality; valuable for drying and canning. Last of August. WATERLOO — Originated at Waterloo, N. Y.; medium to large size; color whitish green, marbled with red, deepening into dark purple crimson in the sun; flesh greenish white, with an abundance of sweet, Vihous juice; adheres some to the stone, like Amsden, Hale’s Early, etc.; ripened at Waterloo July 14, 1878; in 1879 three or four days ahead of Alexander. For so early a peach it is a remarkable keeper, ripe specimens having been kept in perfect condi- tion for nearly a week. This makes it valuable for shipping. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 53 WHEATLAND — Very large, round, yellow, shaded red; flesh yellow, firm, melting, juicy, rich, sweet; tree a rapid grower and heavy bearer; fruit ripens between the Early and Late Crawford; one of the largest and finest flavoret freestones and superior to either of these varieties; excellent for shipping, canning or drying. WONDERFUL— Large, almost globular; slightly pointed apex; uniform size and shape; rich golden yellow, overspread with carmine; flesh firm, yellow, delicious and highly flavored; a good keeper; one of the best for ship- ping. September. YELLOW ST. JOHN— A favorite southern sort; large; orange yellow, with red cheeks; juicy, sweet and highly flavored. Ripens early in July CLINGSTONE VARIETY. CALIFORNIA CLING— Very large, round, regular; orange, nearly covered with dark, rich red; flesh deep yellow; flavor delicate, rich, vinous. Middle of August. CHINESE CLING-Large, globular; skin white, shaded with light red; flesh white, red at the stone; very juicy, melting and rich. July. COX GOLDEN CLING— Medium, nearly round; skin golden yelLow; flesh fine grained, firm, rich and sugary; clear yellow to the pit. Last of August. HEATH CLING— A most delicious cling; very large; skin downy, creamy white, with faint blush of red; flesh white, slightly red at the pit; very ten- der, juicy and sweet; valuable for canning. Season closes early September. INDIAN CLING (Indian Blood)— Large; deep claret color with red veins; downy flesh, red, very juicy and refreshing. LEMON— A very large and beautiful lemon shaped variety; skin light yel- low, reddened in the sun; flesh firm, yellow, rich, with a vinous, sub-acid flavor. LEVY’S LATE, or HENRIETTA CLING-A magnificent cling of large size; skin a deep yellow, a shade of rich brownish red in the sun.fleshdeep yellow, firm, juicy, sweet, half melting, slightly vinous; latest of all clings and highly esteemed for canning and market. Middle of September. McDEVITT’S CLING— Originated with Neal McDevitt of Placer county, California; very large, rich, golden yellow, becoming quite red when ripe; flesh yellow, firm and ,of superior flavor; excellent shipper. Last of August. McKEVITT’S— A California seedling introduced by A. McKevitt, Vaca valley white; flesh firm, rich, sugary and highly flavored, white to the pit; excellent for shipping and canning; tree a remarkably strong grower and not subject to curl. PHILIPS- CLING— Fine, large; flesh firm, clear, yellow to the pit, which is very small; preferred by canners to any other variety of cling on account of its firmness, fine texture of flesh and lateness, not ripening until Septem- her, when other clings are practically harvested, which makes a demand this variety far beyond the supply. 54 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated RUNYON’S ORANGE CLING — Originated with Mr. Sol Runyon on the Sacramento river; fruit very large; yellow, with a dark crimson cheek; flesh golden yellow, rich and sugary, with a vinous flavor; tree an immense bearer and not subject to mildew like the common sort; a splendid fruit for shipping, canning or drying. Early in August. SELLERS’— A variety of Orange Cling of the largest size raised by Mrs. Sellers of Antioch; skin fine yellow, with a dark red cheek; flesh yellow, firm, very juicy and rich; a very desirable sort for canning. TUSKENA (Tuscan, Yellow Vuscan) — A very large yellow cling; the earliest fine cling; flesh juicy and of fine flavor and clear yellow to the stone; a good shipping and canning peach and very desirable on account of its ear- liness, ripening with the Early Crawford. TWENTY OUNCE CLING— A fine, very large cling peach; very desirable for canning. August. APRICOTS . The apricot is one of the most beautiful and delicious fruits we possess, and its value is greatly enhanced by the season of its ripening — between cher- ries and peaches. In the selecting of choice garden fruits it is quite indispensable. It suc- ceeds admirably trained in Espalier form, which will be found advantageous in small gardens, as it may occupy a house wall, fence or trellis, leaving the open ground for other trees. In cold sections, too, where trees get winter- killed or the bloom injured by the late spring frosts, these Espalier trees can easily be protected by mat or board screens. BLENHEIM— Large, oval; flesh full to the pit, yellow, rich and juicy; ripens evenly and soon after the Royal; regular and prolific bearer; profit- able for canning, drying and marketing. HEMSKIRK— Large, roundish; flesh bright orange, tender and juicy, with a rich plum-like flavor; fruit not quite as large as the Moorpark, but ripening more evenly. MOORPARK— Very large; yellowish green, browish red on the sunny side marked with numerous dark specks and dots; flesh bright orange; parts free- ly from the stone; fine for canning and drying; the most popular variety in the northern coast counties. PEACH— Very large, handsome and of delicious flavor; skin deep orange, mottled with dark brown; flesh of a fine saffron yellow color, rich, juicy, and highly flavored ; one of the best. August. ROYAL French origin; fruit medium, oval, slightly compressed; dull yel- low, with red flesh on side exposed to the sun; flesh pale orange, with rich vinous flavor; very desirable; more extensively planted than any other variety; excellent for canning and drying. June. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 55 TILTON — Originated near Hanford, King county, Cal.; fruit medium to large; rich apricot color; good flavor and quality; parts readily from the stone; recommended as a regular and heavy bearer. RUSSIAN VARIETIES. These are quite distinct from other European varieties. Their leading characteristics are extreme hardiness, early bearing, productiveness and free- dom from disease. The following are the best that have been thoroughly tested : ALEXANDER — An immense bearer; fruit of large size, oblong; yellow flecked with red; flavor sweet and delicious; tree hardy; one of the best, .Tuly 1st. ALEXIS — Large to very large; yellow with red cheek; slightly acid, but rich and luscious; tree hardy and abundant bearer. July 15th. GIBB — Medium size; yellow; sub-acid, rich and juicy; the best early sort, ripening with the strawberry. J. L. BUDD — Of large size; white, with red cheek; flavor sweet, juicy, extra fine; a hardy, strong grower and profuse bearer; the best late variety. August 1st. NICHOLAS — Tree hardy and prolific; fruit medium to large; white sweet and melting; a handsome and valuable variety. July. THE NECTARINE As it is becoming better known this delicious fruit is being extensively planted every year. As a dried fruit it is far superior to the peach, and as a preserve it has few equals. Some varieties stand shipment well and, being a novelty in the eastern markets, command good prices. It should be handled in the same manner as the peach. BOSTON — Large deep yellow; sweet; freestone; the most beautiful variety; hardy and productive. September. EARLY VIOLET — Large; pale yellow, mottled with red; juicy, rich and luscious and very high flavor; very hardy and productive; free. LORD NAPIER — Large; cream color, dark red cheek; flesh white, tender, juicy and sugary; freestone. July. NEW WHITE — Large, white, nearly round; flesh white, tender, very juicy, with a rich, vinous flavor; stone small and separates freely. August. STANWICK — Very large, often as large as a peach; skin pale, greenish v/hite shaded into deep, rich violet in the sun; flesh white, tender, juicy, rich, sugary and delicious; for drying and shipping not excelled by any other variety. August. RED BEAUTY — Very large; skin red; flesh white, tender juicy. Its large size and deep color makes this one of the best for the market. 56 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated QUINCES The quince is generally well known and highly esteemed for cooking and preserving. It thrives best in a deep, rich soil and is benefited by a clean, high cultivation. It is said to be improved by the application of salt in small quantities. The quince is usually sold at the age of 2 or 3 years, and is from- three to four feet in height. APPLE or ORANGE — When grown in perfection this variety is very large, of a rich golden color and very productive, rendering it one of the most profitable fruits for market. BOURGEAT— A new golden prolific variety of the best quality; tree a remarkably strong grower, surpassing all others, yielding immense crops, fruiting at 3 and 4 years in nursery rows; fruit of large size; round; rich golden color; smooth; very tender when cooked; has been kept until Febru- ary in good condition. CHAMPION — Very large; tree vigorous; bears young, sometimes produc- ing a peck of fruit the third year after transplanting; quality best; keeps until January; a valuable acquisition. PINEAPPLE — Originated by Luther Burbank. The name comes from the flavor, which is suggestive of the pineapple. The fruit in form and size resembles the Orange quince, but is smoother and more globular; makes a superior jelly; can be eaten raw, and is said to cook tender in five minutes as the best cooking apple, possessing a most exquisite and delicious flavor not equalled by any other quince. REA’S MAMMOTH — A seedling of the Orange Quince; very much larger a strong grower and under cultivation ; productive. GRAPES Too much cannot be said in praise of the grape. It is one of the best and most popular fruits, delicious for eating, especially desirable for cooking and preserving, and everywhere in large demand. The vine comes quickly into bearing, yielding fruit usually the second year after planting; requires but little space, and when properly trained is an ornament to the yard, garden or vineyard. Almost every one can find room for from six to a dozen or more grape vines. They can be trained up the side of any building or over a garden fence, but the best and cheapest way to grow them, either in small or large quantities, is on a wire trellis. Work the ground deep for grape vines and plant a little deeper than they were in the nursery. Make the rows 8 feet apart and plant vines 6 to 8 feet apart in the rows. Some of the tender varieties would be benefited by laying the vine flat on the ground during winter, with a light covering of earth or litter. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 57 ALICE — A new red grape, originated in Ulster county, New York; re- markable for its frost-resisting and long-keeping qualities, retaining their plumpness and flavor in an ordinary cellar until February; bunch and berry medium; pale red with lilac bloom; pulp meaty and tender, with few and small seeds; sweet to the center; skin thick and tough, without a stringency. Ripens about with Concord. t . BRIGHTON — A superior family grape; its remarkable vigor and hardiness of vine, large, compact bunches, rich wine shade of the ripened berry, deli- cate' skin, tender, almost seedless pulp, sugary juice and rich flavor are com- bined qualities that are not united in such a degree in any other sort; it rip- ens a week or 10 days before the Delaware and bears most abundantly; es- pecially commended as a standard variety for the vineyard or garden. CAMPBELL’S EARLY — A seedling of Moore’s Early crossed with pollen of a choice seedling that resulted from a cross of Muscat Hamburg on Belvi- dere. It is regarded by Mr. Campbell as the finest grape in all respects that he has produced in 40 years of experimenting; cluster large, shouldered, moderately compact; stem large, long, strong; berry large, nearly round, slightly elongated; black, with profuse, light blue bloom; skin thin, with slight pulpiness; flesh translucent, very tender and very juicy; flavor sweet rich, aromatic; aroma delicate, not foxy; quality best both for market and dessert; season early. CATAWBA— Dark red when fully ripe; bunch large, moderately compact, shouldered; berries medium to large; skin thick tough; flesh somewhat pulpy, with rich, vinous flavor, of best quality for the table and wine; vine a good grower, hardy, with healthy foliage; very productive and profitable where it succeeds and matures well; ripens too late for high altitudes. CONCORD — A most popular variety; universally healthy, vigorous and productive; flesh somewhat buttery, moderately juicy and sweet; bunch large; nearly black, with bloom; early. Much is said about some grape to take the place of the Concord, its poor quality, etc., but the fact is generally recognized that the man who plants and cares for Concord vines will get bountiful crops of grapes, and if they are allowed to remain on the vines until fully matured the quality is excellent. No other grape can be planted with the confidence that is felt in the Concord. DELAWARE — Superior as a table grape; bunch medium, very compact and generally shouldered; berries medium, roundish; skin thin, of beautiful dark red color when fully ripe; flesh tender and juicy, scarcely any pulp, ex- ceedingly sweet, but still brisk and vinous; vine very hardy, moderately vig- orous and very productive. Ripens very early in September. DIAMOND — The leading early white grape, ripens before Moore’s Early; white, with rich yellow tinge; juicy, few seeds, almost free from pulp, excell- ent quality; above medium size; adheres firmly to stem; vine like Concord in growth, hardiness and foliage; fine variety for both market and home garden. EARLY OHIO— Very early, hardy and productive; strong, thrifty grower; good size bunch; berry smaller than Concord; adheres firmly to the stem; a profitable early market sort. 58 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated EATON — Bunch very large, compact, shouldered; berries very large, many one inch in diameter; round, black, covered with a heavy blue bloom; skin thin, with no bad taste when eaten close; pulp tender, very juicy, equal or superior to Concord in quality; clusters weigh from 10 to 25 ounces; vine very hardy, healthy and productive. GREEN MOUNTAIN (Same as Winchel) — white; bunch medium to large, shouldered; berrites medium, greenish white; skin thin, tough; pulp tender, sweet, with few seeds; of excellent quality, free from foxiness; very early; vine vigorous, healthy, hardy and very productive; a fine grape, identical in every w'ay with Winchell. HARTFORD PROLIFIC — Very productive, hardy and a strong grower; bunch and berry rather large; black; juicy, sweet and agreeable, but not rich; ripens a week before Concord. ISABELLA — An old, esteemed variety that is now quite inferior to some of the newer introductions in point of flavor and earliness; in some seasons rots and is uncertain. McKINLEY — A cross between Niagara and Moore’s Early; strong grower; healthy, robust foliage; equal to Niagara; bunch large, compact and hand- some; berries large, nearly round; green at first, turning to yellow when fully ripe; very sweet, extra quality; a good shipper, remarkable keeper; will hang on vines sound and perfect for weeks after ripe. All grape growers will appreciate the value of an early white grape as large and productive as Niagara. The introducer guarantees the McKinley to be as strong a grower as Niagara, fully 10 days earlier, with the richest flavor of any grape on the market. McPIKE — This grand variety was originated in Southern Illinois. Has taken premiums at Ohio, Illinois, Indiana and Missouri State Fairs. The Mc- Pike is a seedling of the Worden, perfectly hardy, with leaf unprecedented. It is earlier than the Concord; bunches large, even and compact; berries even in size, covered with a beautiful bloom, black in color; ripens uniformly and has generally the appearance of Worden; the berries are of mammoth size, being three inches in circumference and of superb quality. MOORE’S EARLY — Seedling of Concord, combining the vigor, health and productiveness of the Concord, and 10 days earlier than Hartford; in quality hardly to be distinguished from Concord. This grape has taken the first prize at the Massachusetts Horticultural Society each year since 1872, when first exhibited, and the $60 prize of same society for the best new seedling in the fall of 1877; a valuable acquisition; bunch large; berries very large; black. NIAGARA — Originated at Lockport, N. Y.; is a cross between Concord and Cassady; vine remarkably hardy and an unusually strong grower; bunches very large and compact, sometimes shouldered, uniform; many weigh 15 to 20 ounces; berries as large or larger than Concord; light greenish white, semi-transparent, slightly ambered in the sun; skin thin, but tough and does not crack; quality good; has a flavor and aroma peculiarly its own; very lit- tle pulp; melting and sweet to the center; enormously productive. POCKLINGTON — Is a seedling from Concord; the vine thoroughly hardy, both in wood and foliage; strong grower; never mildews in vine or foliage; DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 59 called a white grape, but the fruit is a light golden yellow, clear, juicy and sweet to the center; good; bunches very large, sometimes shouldered; ber- ries round and very large and thickly set. Ripens after Concord. SALEM (Rogers’ No. 22) — Bunch and berry large; rather darker than Catawba, flesh sweet, juicy, with an aromatic flavor. Ripens soon after the Delaware. WILDER (Rogers’ No. 4) — One of the best of Rogers’ seedlings; bunch and berry large; black, with a slight bloom; flesh tender, juicy, sweet and rich. Ripens with Concord; vigorous and productive. WYOMING — An extra early red grape, resembling the Delaware in appear- ance, but double its size and 10 days earlier; bunch compact and handsome; berry medium, bright red; skill thin and firm; flesh sweet; a valuable market grape. , WORDEN — Black; bunch large, sometimes shouldered, compact; berries very large; skin thin. Superior to Concord in the following points: It is better in quality, has a larger berry, a more compact and handsome cluster, and ripens 5 to 10 days earlier. It fully equals Concord in vigor, health and productiveness. In berry it is about the size of Moore’s Early, but of better quality, more vigorous and productive, and ripens but little later. We cannot too strongly recommend it; not so good a shipper as Concord. FOREIGN VARIETIES. BLACK HAMBURG — Bunches very large; berries large, round; skin thick; coal black when fully ripe; flesh sweet and juicy; one of the best table grapes. BLACK M ALVOISE — Bunches large and long; good for wine and table use. BLACK PRINCE — Bunches very long, tapering, berries medium, ovate, with thick bloom; juicy and sweet. CHASSELAS GOLDEN — Bunches medium, compact; berries of an amber color, sweet and watery. Ripens latter part of July. CORNICHON BLACK — Bunches long and loose; berries oval, tapering at both ends; skin thick and dark, covered with bloom; flesh firm, with pleasant flavor; a desirable variety for shipping and marketing. Ripens late. CORNICHON WHITE — Resembles the above, only the skin is white and not so thick. EMPEROR — Vine a strong grower and heavy bearer; bunch very large, long and loose shouldered; berry large oblong, deep rose colored, resembling the Tokay, covered with light bloom, firm; skin thick; one of the most profit- able late varieties to plant for market; its firmness, good keeping qualities and rich color causes it to be in great demand in eastern markets every year; withstands rain better than any other variety; does well on granite soil of our foothills; should be staked to get best results. FLAME COLORED TOKAY — Bunches and berries very large, firm and sweet; valuable market and one of the best shipping varieties. 60 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated MALAGA — Vine a strong grower and immensely productive, thriving in almost any soil ; bunches very large, oval ; yellowish green ; skin thick, fleshy ; one of the best shipping grapes, commanding a good price in the eastern markets every season; makes a second quality raisin. MISSION OF CALIFORNIA — A well known variety; a strong, sturdy grower, bearing large bunches of black, medium sized berries; valuable for wine. MUSCAT OF ALEXANDRIA (Gordo Blanco) — Bunches long and loose shouldered; berry oval, sometimes round; yellowish green; skin thick; flesh with a decided Muscat flavor. This is the variety so extensively planted for raisins. The distictive feature between Alexandria and Gordo Blanco is sup- posed to be in the shape of the berries, the former being oblong and the latter round. In this locality the two varieties have been found to be so nearly identical, round and oblong berries being found on the same vine, that they are classed as Muscat, and n.o distinction is made by even the most ex- perienced raisin vineyardists. ROSE OF PERU — Vine a strong grower; bunches very large, shouldered, loose; fruit round, large, with firm and crackling flesh; very handsome grape of fine quality and highly esteemed as a market variety. SULTANA — Bunches long and very compact; berries small, amber col- ored; seedless; making fine seedless raisins; vine an immense bearer; grows on sandy soil, producing large crops. THOMPSON’S SEEDLESS — Identical with the Seedless Sultanas of Asia Minor; vine an enormous bearer and very rapid grower; bunches very large; berries greenish yellow, firm, oval, seedless; skin thin; much larger than the Sultana. This variety is attracting a great deal of attention, and it is pre- ferred to the Sultana, having many qualities superior to it. The raisins are of a very superior quality and are in good demand; a very early shipping grape, ripening in July. As a sherry grape much can be said in its favor. WHITE SWEETWATER — Bunches good size, open; berries medium size, round; flesh crisp, watery, sweet, but not highly flavored; the first good early grape. ZINFANDEL — Bunches large and compact; berries round, dark purple; the most extensively planted grape in California for making claret. STRA W BERRIES. First of the small fruits comes the beautiful and wholesome strawberry, and the profit resulting from its wise cultivation will satisfy any reasonable expectation. They may be successfully grown on any soil adapted for garden purposes, or where good crops of grain or potatoes can be raised. The ground should be well prepared, thoroughly enriched and be kept mellow and free from weeds. ADMIRAL DEWEY — New, originated near Salem, Oregon. Larger than the Wilson; very firm; good shipper and unexcelled for canning. Color beau- DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 61 liful dark red, and unlike other berries, the flesh is red to the center; no white core; shape conical, much like Clark’s Seedling; very early, abundant bearer, and continues bearing throughout the season, coming nearest to an everbearing berry of any in this vicinity; flavor resembling that of the wild strawberry. CLARK’ SEEDLING — The berry that has made Hood River famous; best shipper; berries large, firm and of delicious flavor; vines bear large crops; is especially adapted to dry soil. CRESCENT SEEDLING — Large, averaging larger than Wilson’s Albany; conical; color a handsome, bright scarlet; quality very good; in productive- ness unequalled, having produced over 400 bushels per acre; plants very strong and vigorous, a most valuable market sort. GREENVILLE — Considered by many an improvement on Bubach, especial- ly in point .of firmness and vigor of plants, having also a fine color; has been favorably reported from nearly every experimenter in small fruits in the country; a very fine variety. STRAWBERRIES COMPARED WITH A SILVER DOLLAR (A Linn County Product) JESSIE — This variety is named by nearly all strawberry growers as one of the best in a collection of three or four varieties for home and market; its season is early to medium; Jessie is a perfect strawberry for those having only a garden spot; perfect flowering; on rich, loamy soil it is very product- ive andthe fruit is very large. MAGOON— Originated by Mr. Magoon near Portland; berry large, fine and excellent; sub-acid flavor; bears heavily and throughout the season, being a little later than the Wilson; especially adapted to Western Oregon and Wash- ington. OREGON — This new berry originated near Salem, Ore., where it has been in bearing for a number of years; plants very strong and vigorous; berries 62 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated large to very large; in color deep, rich red and of excellent quality; good for either table use or canning; immensely productive, begin to ripen early and continuing throughout a long season like some other Oregon seedlings, this variety often produces a second crop in September or October. MAGOON STRAWBERRIES PEARL — Said to possess more points of excellence than any other; plants immensely strong, vigorous and productive; berries large, symmetrical and well colored. SHARPLESS — Large; of delicious flavor; good bearer; bright color; speci- mens exhibited weighing 1% ounces and measured 7 inches in circumference. WILSON — An old standard variety, a heavy bearer of fine, moderate sized berries sharp, acid flavor and the leading sorts for canning. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE G3 RASPBERRIES Coming immediately after Strawberries, where there is a dearth of other fresh fruits, raspberries are equally desirable for planting in the garden for home use and in the field for market. They are easily cultivated. Beds seldom require renewing. Their season of ripening is long. The fruit bears transportation, and, aside from the demand for its immediate consumption, it brings highly remunerative prices for drying and canning. RED AND YELLOW VARIETIES. BRANDYWINE (Susqueoo) — Large, bright red; very firm. Valuable for market on account of its fine shipping qualities. CARDINAL, (New) — This wonderful berry is a surprise in the fullness of its merits — its great growth, its extreme hardiness and the exceeding product- iveness of its choice red, rich, pure-flavored berries. It will pay. It is not a novelty, but a variety of great merit. The new Cardinal is claimed to grow 10 feet high and bears in proportion. Leading horticulturists who have seen this berry say that it is one of the wonders of the century, so far exceeding all others as to put it entirely beyond comparison. Judge Wellhouse, presi- dent of the Kansas State Horticultural Society, said at a meeting of the Society, that the introduction of the Cardinal Raspberry would add millions to the wealth of the farmers of the country because of its inherent great vigor and exceeding productiveness. This most promising raspberry is another natural product of Kansas. It is not a hyorid, but results where nature combined its best in one little seed that produced the first Cardinal raspberry plant. It also germinated that seed in its own way not under the pet care of an expert gardener who could control the temperature, moisture, sunshine and weeds, but came up in a neglected clump of Gregg raspberry bushes, and there showed its makeup by growing far above them and producing its great crop of red berries in contrast to the few Greggs beneath them. When first seen by the owner, the Greggs were dug and the Cardinals had the room. COLUMBIAN — Fruit resembles Shaffers; very large; purplish color; rath- er soft; rich, sprightly flavor; unrivalled for canning, or making jam, jell, etc.; bush wonderful for vigor of growth and productiveness, attaining a very large size and producing immense crops. CUTHBERT, or QUEEN OF THE MARKET— A remarkably strong, hardy variety; stands the northern winters and southern summers equal to any. Berries very large, measuring three inches around, conical, rich, crimson, ’'ery handsome and so firm they can be shipped hundreds of miles by rail in good condition; flavor is sweet, rich and luscious. The leading market variety for main crop. GOLDEN QUEEN— A beautiful, large golden yellow berry, seedling of the Cuthbert and surpassing that variety in size, beauty, quality and adaptability. Canes hardy, a strong grower, productive; should be in every home garden, its beauty and high quality placing it at the head for table use. G4 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated JAPANESE RASPBERRY (Wine- berry) — Berry round, deep red, glossy, handsome and fairly firm; borne in large clusters and each berry at first tightly enveloped by large calyx, forming a sort of burr, which is cov- ered with purplish red hairs, these gradually open and turn back, ex- posing wine colored fruit of medium size; brisk sub-acid, retaining flavor when cooked. LOUDON — The superior points of this excellent red raspberry are vigor of growth, large fruit; beautiful, rich, dark crimson color; good quality and of marvelous productiveness and hardiness, enduring winters without protection and without injury to the very tips; it stands shipping the best of any variety and will remain on the bush the longest without injury; seems to succeed wherever red sorts will do well and promises to become GOLDEN QUEEN RASPBERRIES ,he ,eadin S variety; season medium to late. MARLBORO — A variety from Ulster county, New York; canes very strong, healthy and vigorous; berries large; bright red color; good quality and a good shipper. MILLER’S — Very early; berries bright red, large and hold their size to the end of the season; very firm, hence valuable to ship to distant markets; in most markets a red raspberry to be really valuable must be a bright red and ripen very early; this Miller does, and hence is one of the very best and profitable to plant. TURNER — A red variety from Illinois; very productive and hardy; of good size; light, handsome red and fine flavor; its success in extreme localities render it of great value. BLACKCAPS. CUMBERLAND- — The largest black raspberry known, has been well tested in nearly all sections the past seasons giving thorough satisfaction. In hardi- ness and productiveness it is unexcelled by any other variety. In size the fruit is simply enormous, far surpassing any other sort. The berries run 7-8 and 15-16 of an inch in diameter, and are of such handsome appearance that their fruit sold for 10 cents per quart when other varieties were selling for 5 to 7 cents per quart. In spite of its unusual large size the fruit is possessed of great firmness and is thus well adapted for standing long shipments. It follows Palmer and Souhegan and precedes Gregg a short time, making it a mid-season variety. The bush is exceedingly healthy and vigorous, throwing up stout, stocky canes well adapted for supporting their loads of large fruit. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE G5 It has also shown itself remarkably free from that scourge of its family— anthracnose. Large growers report yields of two and three times as much per acre as Ohio under same conditions, and far ahead of all other varieties. MARLBORO RASPBERRY GREGG— For many years the leading standard, best known market sort; very productive; large size; firm, meaty berries, covered with heavy bloom. HAYMAKER — New. A purple cap, not so dark as Columbian or Shaffer, and much larger and firmer than either of those varieties, nevei crumbles and stands up well in shipping. Sample crates have been shipped to distant points with entire satisfaction. It is a berry to grow for either home use or market. The originator has found it the most profitable berry ever raised for market, and has never yet been able to supply the local demand. So much of a favorite has the Haymaker become that local growers have said that it has ruined the sale of other varieties. Very popular as a canning berry. Many orders for berries for this purpose are placed a year in advance. One writer located near a canning factory has thus written: “If any one about here had several acres of it in bearing, he could dispose of the entire crop to good advantage to the canning factory.” 66 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated KANSAS Originated at Lawrence, Kan., it is healthy, vigorous and not subject to leaf blight; produces strong, healthy tips; fruit large; as fine a berry as Gregg and equally as good a shipper; ripens just after the Souhegan; very prolific. MAMMOTH CLUSTER — Canes of strong growth and very prolific- ber- ries large and of fine quality. MUNGER— The fruit of Munger is black and resembles Gregg very much. It is a better flavored berry than Gregg, tougher in texture and therefore a better shipper. In size it excels Gregg by almost 25 per cent, being extra fine for canning and evaporating. The last season, when most others were dry and seedy Munger ripened up sweet and juicy and readily brought an ad- vance of 50 cents per bushel over other kinds. The canes, too, resemble Gregg, are free from disease, and upright in growth. OHIO— One of the best market varieties; grown by the thousands for evap- orating purposes and for use in fresh state; canes very vigorous, hardy and productive. SHAFFER’S COLOSSAL— Fruit large, purple, soft, with a sprightly sub- acid flavor; plant very vigorous, hardy and productive; most esteemed in some localities; season medium to late; valuable for canning. SOUHEGAN — A valuable market variety; its earliness and large size make it one of the most valuable of the black raspberries; firm and sweet. HYBRID BERRIES. BURBANK’S “PH E NOM ENAL”— Is the result of a cross between the “Improved California Dewberry and the Cuthbert Raspberry.” It takes the color and flavor of the latter, and size and shape more of the former. Mr. Burbank describes it as “larger than the largest berry ever before known ; blight crimson raspberry color; productive as could be desired and the most delicious of all berries for pies, canning, jelly or jam.” The berry grows in clusters of from 5 to 10, or more, and individual berries under favorable con- ditions have measured 3 inches one way by 314 to 4 the other. It’s a surprise and delight to people when first seen, being so large and luscious. It is the prophecy of others that the Burbank is the coming berry of the future. The demand for plants last year far exceeded the supply, and the demand now is greatly on the increase. This speaks for itself as to the quality and merits of the berry. It being easily grown and firm, it is a profitable berry for the fruit growers or small rancher to produce for shipping to home or distant mar- kets. Also its no mistake if one has a half dozen or dozen plants in the garden or back yard of a town or city residence, for by their productiveness they prove a delight for the table and yield great returns for the amount invested. LOGANBERRY— This a seedling from the Aughinbaugh blackberry, a wild variety, pistillate, of California crossed or fertilized by pollen of the Antwerp raspberry. The plants are described as unlike either the raspberry or blackberry, and are of low growing habits, more like the dewberry, of- very large, strong canes or vines, without thorns, but have very fine, soft spines like those found on raspberry plants. Leaves of a dark green color, coarse DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 67 68 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated and thick, more like those of the raspberry than the blackberry. The fruit is as large as the largest size blackberry, is of the same shape, with globules similar to that fruit. Color, when fully ripe, a dark, rich red. It partakes of both flavors of the raspberry and blackberry, being a combination of the two mixed, a very pleasant, mild, vinous flavor, delightful to the taste, not found in any other fruit, but peculiar to this alone. It is excellent for the table, eaten fresh or cooked, and for jellies or jams without an equal. The fruit is firm and carries well; seeds small and few. The vines are enormous bearers. PRIMUS This is one of Mr. Burbank’s greatest productions, and he says of it: This was my first success with blackberry-raspberry hybrids, and it has been fully tested for several seasons. It is one of the most productive berries known, and is larger and more regular in shape than any other berry. Its flavor is unique; nothing like it has before appeared. All pronounce it superior when cooked, and eaten raw it is claimed to be the best berry ever tasted. This berry is really enormous in size of fruit and vigor of growth. Its flavor is like that of raspberry and blackberry combined. Fruit large and handsome, of a mulberry black color. Its season of fruiting is earlier than either the raspberry or blackberry, following close upon the strawberry, often before standard blackberries commence to bloom. Bushes inclined to a trail- ing habit and are best trained upon wire like grape vines. It is somewhat of a perpetual bearer, showing more or less fruit all summer. In a greenhouse it is a great thing for it will fruit splendidly all winter and prove exceedingly profitable. It is as hardy as an oak in any climate and a sure cropper every year. BLACKBERRIES. 1 hese require the same kind of soil and treatment as raspberries, except that they should be planted in rows 8 feet wide and 4 feet apart in the row. For self-sustaining bushes clip off the points of the growing canes as soon as the plants are about 4 feet high, and repeat the operation several times until they assume the form of a bush. Mulching is of great advantage to both raspberries and blackberries. EARLY HARVEST One of the most valuable where it succeeds; is not entirely hardy in the north and need winter protection; its earliness, being one of the first to ripen, combined with good shipping qualities, make it very profitable; compact, dwarf grower; enromous bearer; fruit medium size, black, of excellent quality. ERIE— (New)— Said to be the only large, productive, absolutely hardy blackberry yet introduced; originated in northern Ohio; free from rust and all other diseases and wonderfully productive (exceeding even the prolific Lawton), bending the robust canes to the ground with the weight of fruit; fruit very large, excellent quality, handsome and firm, and ripens exceedingly early; fruit uniform, both in size and shape. EVERGREEN— A strong growing late variety of trailing or climbing habit; retaining its foliage throughout the winter; a heavy producer of good size berries. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE G9 ELDORADO — Like many of our best fruits, Eldorado is and accidental seedling and takes its name from the town close by where it was found in Preble county, Ohio. It has been cultivated 14 years, and under careful test at different experiment stations for 4 years; has never winter-killed or failed to produce a full crop of the finest fruit. The vines are very vigorous and HIMALAYA GIANT hardy, enduring the winters of the far northwest without injury, and theii yield is enormous. The berries are very large, jet black, borne in large clus- ters and ripen well together; they are very sweet, melting and pleasing to the taste; have no hard core; fruit will sell 50 cents to $1 per bushel higher than 70 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated Snyder. We quote words of commendation from the following high authori- ty. This berry was noted last year, and is of much promise, so much so that a special colored plate has been made. It is an oblong, irregular berry of large size, fruiting in pendulous, slender, hairy spikes with few thorns; color black; flesh deep crimson, with tender core; flavor sweet, rich quality and very good.— H. E. Van Deman, U. S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D. C.” From the Ohio experiment station: “Eldorado is the most promising blackberry. It appears to be as hardy as Snydei, is larger and better quality — W. J. Green, Horticulturalist.” HIMALAYA GIANT — Originated by Luther Burbank from blackberry seed sent from Asia near the Himalaya mountains. A strong, remarkable grower producing canes from 20 to 30 feet in length. The fruit is of good size and borne in large clusters; is deliciously sweet and melting, with small seeds and no core. Mr. Brodie, superintendent of the experiment station, Puyallup, states that it has yielded at the rate of 400 crates (9,000 quarts) per acre, and thinks it might be made to yield 600 crates per acre on proper soil. Sea- son, August 1st to November. Retains its foliage throughout the winter, but should not be confused with the old Evergreen, as it is a distinct variety and in every way superior to it. ICEBERG— Raised by Luther Burbank, the “Wizard of Horticulture,” whose originations have world-wide fame and value. The following is Mr Burbank’s own description of White Blackberry Iceberg. He says: Owing to the somewhat unsatisfactory qualities of white blackberries so far known, the impression may have been entertained by some that no white blackberry could be as productive and hardy, with berries as early, abundant, large, handsome and delicious as the best black ones. The well known Lawton is, when ripened, unsurpassed and very generally known as the most productive mar- ket berry. Owing to its fixity of race, it will re- produce itself from seed almost exactly, and its seedlings will not be influenced when raised from seed pollinated by other varieties, but it readily THE ICEBERG imparts its good qualities when employed as the staminate parent. One of the great grandparents of Iceberg was Lawton. The first generation of seedlings, when crossed with Cristal White was all black; the second also, though varying very much in other respects; but the third produced this wonderful plant, bearing the snow- iest white berries ever seen. Very little attention was paid to the long rows of crossbred descendants, until one day this berry was discovered among its black relatives, with the canes bending in various directions with their loads of delicious, snowy berries, which are not only white, but so transparent that the seeds, which are unusually small, may be seen in the berries when ripe. Clusters larger than those of the Lawton. Berries, as near as could be judged, vere at least as large, earlier, sweeter and more tender and melting through- out, though as firm as Lawton is when ripe.” DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 71 KITTATINNY — Large, black, sweet; soft when black; very hardy; ripens up, gradually like the Lawton; one of the best. LAWTON — Fruit large; ripens late; very productive. MAMMOTH (New) — The Mammoth, in growth and vine, is entirely unlike any other blackberry plant known. The canes are exceedingly large, and when exposed to the sun a deep red color; is a rampant grower, trailing upon the ground, and under favorable conditions will make a growth of 20 feet or more in one season. The foliage is large and thick, of a deep green color. The plants are wonderfully productive and exceedingly early, fruit ripening three weeks before other cultivated kinds. The fruit is enormously large, some specimens measuring from 2% to 2% inches long; very largest black- berry known to the world. The globules are large; seeds small, soft and not very abundant; core quite small and very soft. The flavor is a decided im- provement on any known variety of blackberry. The acid flavor so pro- nounced in all other kinds is very mild and pleasant, and when fully ripe is quite sweet. The berry in size and delicious flavor will eclipse any black- berry heretofore produced. It is advisable in planting the Mammoth black- berry plants that they be given plenty of room. If grown upon a trellis, which is by far the best, the rows should not be less than 9 or 10 feet apart, and the plants 6 to 8 feet in the rows. MERSEREAU (New)— This early mammoth iron-clad blackberry is by far the most valuable variety that has ever appeared since the advent of the Wil- son, over 30 years ago. It originated in northwestern New York, where the mercury falls from 15 to 25 degrees below zero and where it has stood in open field culture for many years without the slightest protection, never being in jured in the least. It has never had a leaf affected with orange rust, blight or other disease or produced a double or “rose” blossom. In hardiness it is doubtless without an equal among blackberries, having endured a temperature of 20 degrees below zero without being injured in the least, even at the tips, although Snyder and Taylor’s Prolific were much dam- aged. Just how low a temperature it will withstand uninjured is not known. The berries are brilliant, sparkling black throughout, and what adds great value to it as a market berry, it remains black under all conditions and cir- cumstances, never turning red when gathered in hot, muggy weather, after the manner of Snyder, Lawton, Erie and many other varieties. In quality it is exceptionally sweet, rich, melting and luscious, being without core; the seedy character of Snyder and most other sorts is noticeably absent. As a shipper and keeper it is unsurpassed, remaining firm without bleeding in handling. The canes are of exceedingly strong, upright habit, attaining upon fairly good soil a height of 8 feet if permitted t.o grow unchecked, and are so stout as to always remain erect; foliage large, deep green, abundant and entirley free from rust or blight. The yield is simply enormous, producing double the quantity of fruit per acre of the Snyder, Kittatinny or Taylor’s Prolific and af- fording heavy pickings from the first until the crop is all matured. Its season is early to mid-season, ripening with the Snyder, in advance of Kittatinny, Law- ton, Taylor’s Prolific or Erie, but not so early as Early Harvest or the Wilson. RATHBURN — The berries are large, larger than Kittatinny, of an intense jet black, very glossy and of permanent color, never turns red, without any 72 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated hard core, small seeds, extra fine quality,* with a peculiar rich aroma, and sufficiently firm to carry well to market. It is in habit of plant, however, that this variety differs from others. The plant suckers very little. It makes a strong, upright main stem, from which the branches start out long and drooping, and the ends of which root readily in the ground, like Blackcap raspberries, if covered lightly with soil. It is not a dewberry, as one might suppose from this description, but simply a blackberry with the tip-rooting habit. Its central stem is as erect and stout as that of any other blackberry. It forms a compact bush of four or five feet high, with canes much less thorny than other varieties, and yields abundantly. In the matter of hardiness it has been well tested at its home where it has safely endured a temperature of 15 to 18 degrees below zero without injury. It ripens early— about with the Wil- son. All who want a large blackberry of the highest quality should certainly try this. SNYDER— Extreme hardy; enormously productive; fruit of medium size, with no hard, sour core; half as many thorns as Lawton or Kittatinny, and they are straight and short; most prolific blackberry grown; comparatively free from rust; a safe and profitable berry to plant; has been a standard market berry over a wide range of country for years; succeeds and yields well everywhere; is a great favorite north for its hardiness. WARD (New) — It was found growing in the fence row adjoining a planta- tion of Wilsons, on the Michael Ward farm in Monmouth county, New Jersey. Its fine fruit, healthy canes and very prolific bearing qualities attracted the attention of the owners. A few plants were removed to a position where it could be cultivated and planting extended from year to year, as fast as the sucker plants allowed, where it has been fruiting for several years, canes never winter killing, bearing a crop every year and the fruit coming into com- petition in the market with all other varieties, and always commanding the highest price and producing twice as many bushels per acre as the Wilson alongside (and as many bushels per acre as (he Wilson when in its prime). The Ward Blackberry is undoubtedly a seedling of the Kittatinny, which it closely resembles, having all the good qualities of the parent with none of its defects. The Ward is a very strong grower, perfectly hardy (in New Jersey) the fruit black throughout and very prolific. DEWBERRIES. AUSTIN IMPROVED— (New) — From Texas; has been tested several years. We note the following good points. Surpasses in productiveness any thing ever seen in Blackberry or Dewberry. It is of a glassy shining black color; its very appearance has a tempting effect on those who see it. It’s flavor is mose excellent. When fully ripe it will melt in your mouth most pleasantly. Has the hardy character common to the Dewberry family. LUCRETIA DEWBERRY — Claimed to be the best of the blackberry family. As hardy as Snyder; as productive as any. The berries are far larger and incomparably better than any blackberry, and of unequalled excellence, soft. MAMMOTH BLACKBERRIES 74 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated sweet and luscious throughout; of brightest, glossy black color. The Lucretia dewberry has received the endorsement and highest praise from the best horticulturists in the country. Its eminent success in all soils, from Maine to California, from Minnesota to Florida, is something phenomenal in small fruit culture. Its trailing habit renders it less liable to winter-kill. PREMO— (New Dewberry)— Much like Lucretia, but very distinct and ex- ceedingly early, being 7 to 10 days ahead and all cleaned off when Lucretia is beginning; quality and size uniform; was found in a Lucretia patch. GRAY’S GARDENA (New)— Fruit very large, as large or larger than the Loganberry. One grower says: “I had some that measured 4 inches around.” Color jet-black, has only one-third as many seeds as the Crandall blackberry. Ripens early (in May in most parts of California). Fine quality, much more juicy and luscious than the Lucretia; a little tart until fully ripe, then quite sweet; the crop covers a period of about four weeks; firm, good shippers. The bushes are very vigorous growers, resisting frost better than any of the blackberry family. One of the best varieties ever introduced. “Any soil adapted to the blackberry family will produce the Gardena Dewberry, as its root-growth is very strong, permeating the soil for several feet in depth. The vines give the best results when trained on wires that are 18 to 20 inches above the ground, or two wires may be used to better advantage, one, say, 15 inches, and the other 20 inches above the ground.” CURRANTS . Ripens just before raspberries are gone, and continuing in prime order for several weeks. There is no more useful fruit than the currant, and it is among the easiest to cultivate. Plant in very fertile soil made so by liberal manuring. The tops should be cut back so only three or four branches will grow the first season. Thin out the old wood early, opening the bush considerably. At the first appearance of currant worms they are easily destroyed by sprinkling with a can of water in which powdered white hellebore is stirred (one ounce to three gallons.) Plant in rows 5 feet apart and 3 feet in row. BLACK NAPLES— Very fine and large; black; valuable for jams and jell- ies. CHAMPION (Black)— A new variety from England; pronounced to be the finest black currant ever brought to notice. The bushes are very large and the flavor of the fruit excellent. CHERRY — Very large; deep red; fine for preserving; valuable market variety. La VERSAILLAISE— A French variety of very large size, resembling the Cherry; of great beauty and very productive. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 75 FAY’S PROLIFIC — Originated in Chautauqua county, New York; across between Cherry and Victoria; of large size, fine flavor and claimed to be five times as prolific as the Cherry; a great acquisition. NORTH STAR — The strongest among the red varieties; should be given plenty of room and ground kept well enriched; bunches average 4 Inches in length and are freely produced. Combines extreme hardiness, vig- oruos growth, extra quality and great productiveness. POMONA — While not the largest is of good size. It is a beautiful, clear, bright, almost transparent red; has but few and small seeds; easily picked; hangs a long time after ripe, and is one of the best to hold up shipping or on the market; a vigorous grower, healthy and hardy; the most productive; one of the sweetest and best quality; continues longest in profitable bearing; re- tains its foliage; hangs on bush in good condition the longest; comes into bearing early; is easily and cheaply picked; holds an unparalleled record for actual acreage yield in ordinary field culture for over 18 years ; only one crop failure in that time; has averaged over $450 per acre for 4 consecutive years on 6 acres. PERFECTION — The color is a beautiful bright red. Size as large or larger than Fay, the clusters averaging longer. The size of berry is well maintained to the end of bunch. The Perfection has a long stem from point of at- tachment to the bush to the first berry, making it easy to pick without crush- ing any of the berries. Productiveness; — The Perfection is a great bearer, resembling its parent the White Grape, in this respect, superior to the Fay or any other large sort with which we are acquainted. On account of this great productiveness, the plants should be kept well cultivated and fertilized, as should all heavy bearers. Under these conditions they will regularly produce heavy crops of large fruit of the very best quality. The season of ripening is about the same as that of the Cherry over Fay. Quality:— Rich, mild, sub- acid, plenty of pulp with few seeds. Less acid and of better quality than any other large currant in cultivation. The White Grape has always been consid- ered one of the best varieties for table use, and the effect of this strain is plainly seen in the very fine quality of Perfection. Vigor and healthfulness: — 7G ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated In habit of growth it is intermediate between its patents Fay and White Grape, with remarkably large healthy foliage. VICTORIA — Large; bunches long; berries bright red color, of excellent, quality; bush good grower; extremely hardy; perhaps this is the best of the older variety of currants. WHITE GRAPE — The finest white currant; large, sweet and pleasant; very productive. GOOSEBERRIES . Gooseberries thrive well on a variety of soils if well drained and fertile. The cultivation should be thorough early in the season. European varieties are of large size and various colored. The green fruit is sent to the early markets and is profitable. The best American gooseberrries are superior to European sorts in pro- ductiveness, hardiness, quality and freedom from mildew. The curse of the European varieties and their seedlings is mildew. Mildew may be kept under control by frequently spraying with potassium sulphide. Bordeaux mixture is not recommended because it spots the fruit. After the fruit is gathered the Bordeaux mixture may be used against the leaf blight. CHAMPION — A native of Oregon; pale green; about the size of Downing, but longer berry; immensely productive and free from mildew. CROWN BOB — Large, roundish oval, red, hairy; of fine quality. DOWNING — Large size, oval, greenish white; plant vigorous and hardy, with stiff, strong shoots; foliage heavy, covering the fruit from the sun and resisting mildew; bears most abundantly and is profitable for market and home use. HOUGHTON’S SEEDLING — A vigorous American sort; very productive; free from mildew; fruit medium, roundish, smooth, of a pale red color; tender sweet and of a delicious flavor. INDUSTRY — Large, oval, dark red, hairy, rich and agreeable. Although this is a foreign variety, it has succeeded admirably in this country. We can confidently recommend it, both for the garden of the amateur and the market plantation. The plant is remarkably vigorous and productive, and the fruit large, beautiful and of excellent quality. When shoots are left long they fruit to the very tips. We regard it as, on the whole, the best foreign goose- berry ever introduced. PEARL — This very delicious American is a cross between Houghton and one of the large English varieties. It is very hardy, entirely free from mil- dew; superior in size and quality, more productive than Downing, and is like- ly to supersede this standard sort. The many flattering testimonials from most of the leading horticulturists lead us to recommend it for small or ex- tensive planting as one of the best berries of recent introduction. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 77 RED JACKET (JOSSELYN) — What the introducer says of it: “When we introduced this new gooseberry it was with entire confidence that it possessed the best foliage and was the most vigorous in growth of any gooseberry in America; also that it was a good cropper and fruit of the very best quality. Although a pure native American (no English blood), it required time to get reports from states where it was being tested. The next most important question was whether it would in other localities, be afflicted with that curse mildew, which, in America, affects not only all English gooseberries, but all tainted with English blood. We knew it was all right as to mildew in our state, but we were agreeably surprised to hear so much good from such a wide extent of territory.” VICTORIA (New) — The best Gooseberry In England, and the champion berry for the London market. It is the strongest grower, making shoots 3 feet 9 inches in a season. Berries larger than Crown Bob or Lancashire Lad, pale red color and excellent flavor, similar to the Ashton Reds or Warrenton; a late bloomer and a cropper; it is of a hardy constitution, growing and bear- ing well in Northumberland, England. A Victoria 3 year old bush, bearing 28% lbs. of fine, large fruit, was shown at the Drill Hall, London, in 1900, and received great praise from a large number of leading nurserymen, who spoke very highly of it. It is much in advance of all other English Gooseberries. The "Horticultural Trade Journal,” August 14. 1901, said: “The Windham (Industry) seems likely to be eclipsed in productiveness by the introduction of Victoria, by Messrs. Charlton & Sons (the introducers in England). This is a most prolific cropper; the large fruit, of a pale red color, -was thickly set on every branch, characteristic of the variety from the first.. Flavor, too, is excellent, and, all around, it seems well suited for market purposes.” ASPARAGUS . To make a good asparagus bed the plants may be set in the fall or early spring. Prepare a place of fine loamy soil, to which has been added a liberal dressing of good manure. Select 2-year or strong 1-year plants, and for a garden set in rows 18 to 20 inches apart, with plants 10 to 12 inches in the row. The roots should be spread and planted so that the crowns when covered shall be 3 inches below the surface of the ground. If planted in the fall the whole bed should be covered before winter sets in with 2 or 3 inches of stable manure, which may be lightly forked in between the rows as soon as the ground opens in the spring. COLUMBIAN MAMMOTH WHITE — A distinct variety of strong vigorous growth, producing very large, white shoots that in favorable weather remain white until 3 or 4 inches high, or as long as fit for use. Market gardeners and those growing for canners will find this a very profitable variety. CONOVER’S COLOSSAL — A mammoth variety cf vigorous growth, send- ing up from 15 to 20 sprouts each year from 1 to 2 inches in diameter; color deep green and crown very close. 78 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated PALMETTO— A very early variety; even, regular size of excellent quality. QUALITY (New) — Another .of Burbank’s wonderful creations, producing an unusual number of shoots of a light yellowish green color. Other plants often produce large shoots, but none of them nearly so many in number ur so much in weight. When cooked, it has a rich flavor, unlike and very much superior to any other. RHUBARB OR PIE PLANT . This deserves to be ranked among the best early products of the garden. It affords the earliest material for fine pies and fresh table sauce, continues long in use, and is valuable for canning. A deep, rich soil is indispensible to secure large, heavy stalks. Plant in rows 4 feet apart, with the plants 3 feet distant. So that the crowns are about an inch below the surface. Apply annually in the fall top dressing with stable manure and fork under in the spring. AUSTRALIAN, CRIMSON WINTER — Introduced by Luther Burbank: “Fully six months earlier than any other rhubarb. The stalk of medium size, well-grown ones averaging 12 to 18 inches in length and about 3-4 to 1 inch in diameter. They are a pale, greenish crimson color, turning when cooked to a light clear crimson, and of very best quality. The plants somewhat more in- clined to bloom than the other kinds, which is easily remedied by topping. Crimson Winter start3 to grow vigorously by October and continues to produce stalks continuously until after the common varieties make their first appear- ance some six months later. If kept moist will produce stalks abundantly at any season; it is, in fact, absolutely perpetual.” DODGE PROLIFIC — A valuable new variety; seedling from the Myatt’s Linnaeus; ripens between the Victoria and Linnaeus; very large, stalks often 3 to 4 feet high; very tender; the best variety that has been introduced. MYATT’S LINNAEUS — Those who have never grown this variety, which is of superior quality, will hardly recognize the old “pie plant.” It is an early tender variety, without being in the least tough or stringy, with a mild sub- acid flavor. VICTORIA — Very large and valuable for market; early. MULBERRIES . The Mulberry is valuable both as an ornamental shade tree and for its fruit. It is of easy culture, requiring little or no pruning. DOWNING’S EVERBEARING — The beauty of this as a lawn or street tree is quite enough to commend it, but in addition it yields an abundant supply of its large refreshing berries for about three months. “I regard it as an in- dispensible addition to every fruit garden; I had rather have one tree of Downing’s Everbearing Mulberry than a bed of strawberries.” — Henry Ward Beecher. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 79 NEW AMERICAN — A sprout from Downing, and precisely like that well known sort, but decidedly hardier. NOIR OF SPAIN — A new everbearing Mulberry of large size, larger than the Lawton blackberry, which it greatly resembles; color black; flavor tart, like a blackberry and not the insipid sweet of most of the Morus family, and preferred by many to a blackberry. The tree is a sure bearer, strong grower, very hardy, and has a tendency to weep and could almost be classed as a weeping tree, making the fruit easily gathered. A very desirable ornamental tree, as well as one of the hardiest and most abundant bearers. By far the most desirable of the Mulberries. RUSSIAN — A hardy, rapid growing tree, introduced from Russia by the Mennonites; foliage abundant; valuable for wind-break. Fruit of little value. WHITE — Mostly cultivated for silk and honey. Fruit small and very sweet. F/GS. BROWN TURKEY — This is a very large fig; color violet-brown; the earli- est large fig in the San Francisco market. CALIFORNIA BLACK (Mission) — The well known local variety; fruit large; dark purple, almost black when fully ripe; makes a good dried fig; tree grows to a very large size and bears immense crops. SMRYNA (Lob Ingir) — Described by Gustave Eisen in Bulletin No. 9, page 250 and 278 as follows: “Bulletin Smryna, Commercial Smryna, or California, Erbeghli, Erbelli, Erbeili; fruit large to very large, about 2 3-4 inches wide by 2% inches long decidedly flattened like an onion, being compressed in diam- eter from stem to eye, neck thin, distinct but short; generally straight. No stalk or one very short. Ribs heavy, uneven, knotted and branching. Eye large with numerous scales of amber tint open and about 3-16 inches wide, so that the pulp can be seen through the opening. Skin the color of beeswax, smooth and waxy, shaded greenish; pulp pale to dark amber; when unripe shaded red. No distinct iris. Seeds large, flattened. Tree a strong, spread- ing but rather a straggling grower, with heavy branches. This is the best type of Smyrna fig, and the majority of figs imported from Smrnya to this country belong to this variety. It is a distinct fig, and this, and no other fig, should be known as Smyrna, if this name should be used at all. The promis- cuous use of the name Smyrna figs cannot be too much condemned. First imported by the Bulletin Co.” WHITE ADRIATIC — This variety takes the lead of all figs planted in Cali- fornia, and has of late years proven the most profitable fig grown. The best dried figs have been produced from this variety. Tree a stn>|^ and healthy grower; fruit about medium size; skin white and thin; pulp red, exceedingly aromatic, and changes to amber color when dried. Introduced from Sicily. August to October. 80 ALBANY NURSERIES, ' Incorporated CAPRI , OR WILD FIGS . To successfully grow the Smyrna Fig, it is necessary to have the Capri, or Wild Fig. In the Capri Fig there is said to exist in the Mediterranean re- gion three crops of fruit. The spring, .or “profichi,” the second, or “mam- moni,” and the third, or “mamme," the latter remaining upon the trees dur- ing the winter. The fig wasp (Blastophara grossorum) winter in the mamme. oviposit in the profichi, and develop a geneation within it. For a fuller account, see “Smyrna Fig Culture in the United States,’’ by L. O. Howard, Ph. D., Bulletin No. 7, United States Department of Agriculture. CAPRI NO. 1 — A very rapid, vigorous grower of spreading habits and very large leaves. Particularly valuable on account of producing an abundance of all crops — profichi, mammoni, and mamme and mature Ihe first profichi, so as to carry them through all the generation of the Blastophaga. CAPRI NO. 2 — A very upright grower, branches slender; leaves small. Tts priciple value is in maturing somewhat later than No. 1, as it lengthens the season .of caprification of the Smyrna. PERSIMMONS . The Japanese Persimmons (D. Kaki) are growing more into favor every year and they are especially valuable for Winter fruit. For the Southern States these Persimmons will be a most welcome addition to the fruit list. The Persimmons always command a high price in the market. Like all other Japanese fruits, there is much confusion in the names. AMERICAN — (D. Virginia) — Makes line ornamental specimens. Leaves 4 to 6 inches long, glossy green above, glacuous beneath. Makes a round or conical rather open head, with crooked, twisted branches. DAI-DAI-MARU— Fruit very large, roundish, oblate, somewhat flattened; color dull orange; flesh firm, light yellow, juicy, good; with few or no seeds. GOSHI-GAKI— Fruit medium, oblate, rather flat; color bright red; flesh light orange color, with few seeds. HACHIYA— Very large, pointed; a little flattened at the stem; skin colored dull orange, covered with minute dark specks; flesh brownish yellow, flecked with red. HYA KUME — Very large, roundish, oblate; skin vermillion red; flesh rusty brown, juicy; very delicious. KURO-KUME — Medium, oblate; skin yellowish red; flesh orange colored; juicy and swe^t. TANA-NASHI — An excellent variety; medium to large, conical; skin smooth and translucent, reddish orange; flesh tender, melting; almost entirely seedless. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 81 nut bearing trees. Almost every farm contains land that should he planted to nut trees adapted to the soil. Probably no branch of tree cultivation pays larger pro u or is as well assured of a profitable market for all products, the nuts in many cases paying better than farm crops or fruits, while most kinds are making a growth of valuable timber that will of itself pay a large per cent on the in- vestment. ALMONDS. DRAKE’S SEEDLING— Originated with Mr. Drake of Suisun, California; of the Languedoc class; bears abundantly and regularly where the Languedoc is a total failure. HARDSHELL-A fine, hardy variety with large, plump kernel and very ornamental when in bloom. I x L— Tree a sturdy, upright grower with large leaves; nuts large; shells easily, no machine being needed, nor is any bleaching necessary; she soft but perfect; it bears heavily and regularly; highly recommended by all orchardists who have tried it. JORDAN-This new sort is the famous Spanish variety so long sought af- ter by nut growers. First introduced by John Rock of Niles, and later by t e United States department of agriculture. The name is a corruption of the French word “Jardin,” meaning simply “garden” almond. The nuts are long and are hardshells; the kernels are single, narrow, long 5 and l Pta»P; : the kernel is always removed from the nut proper when exported. In this form thev bring from 8 to 10 cents more per pound than any other variety. T e tree is a strong, thrifty grower and heavy bearer, and will probably do much to give almond growing in California a strong impetus. NE PLUS ULTRA-Introduced by Mr. A. T. Hatch. Tree a rapid grower; leaves rather large; a heavy and regular hearer; nuts large and very long shape; soft shell; hulls free. NONPARIEL— First called Extra. Of a weeping style of growth, smaller foliage than the I. X. L„ but still forms a beautiful tree; an extraordinary Sl»y »d“ dearer; with very thin .del., of the M. Ml type. On. of the best. PEERLESS-Originated near Davisville, California, a sure and heavy bear- er; shell harder than I. X. L., single large kernel. CHESTNUTS. AMERICAN SWEET— A valuable native tree, both useful and ornamental; timber is very durable, and possesses a fine grain for oil finish. Nuts sweet of deTicate nLor and are a valuable article of commerce. No farm should be without its grove of nut-bearing trees, and the chestnut should be foremos wherever the soil is adapted to its growth. 82 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated JAPAN MAMMOTH— Immense size, and of tine flavor; the burrs contain at times as many as five large nuts; the tree is similar in habit and growth to the Italian Chestnut; it yields fruit in two years after planting; seedlings vary in size and shape as well as habit of growth and productiveness, and are not so reliable as grafted trees. SPANISH A handsome round-headed tree producing abundantly very large nuts that find a ready market at good prices. $25 have been realized off one fruiting from nuts of a single tree. Not as sweet as the American. FILBERTS. FILBERT, ENGLISH — This is of the easiest culture, growing 6 to 8 feet high, entirely hardy, and one of the most profitable and satisfactory nuts to grow, succeeding well on almost all soils, bearing early and abundantly. Nut nearly round, rich and of excellent flavor; admired by all for dessert. RED HAZEL— Medium size, shell rather thick, kernel crimson skin, with a peculiar excellent flavor. KENTISH COB Not very large, oblong, and somewhat compressed, shell pretty thick, of a brown color; kernel full and rich; and great bearer. The best of all nuts. HICKORY. SHELLBARK To our taste no other nut that grows foreign or native is superior to this in quality; it possesses a peculiar, rich nutty flavor excelled by none. The tree is of sturdy lofty growth. The wood, on account of its great strength and elasticity, is highly prized for making agricultural implements and is unsurpassed for fuel. THE PECAN. A iapid growing tree, attaining a height of 170 feet in its natural habit. In form and contour conspicuous and attractive, producing valuable timber, and a great abundance of smooth, oblong nuts, with sweet and delicious ker- nels. WALNUTS. AMERICAN BLACK— This species of walnut is a common and stately forest tree in the Middle and Western states; making a fine shade and orna- mental tree; produces a large crop of rich and oily nuts. BUTTERNUT, OR WHITE WALNUT-A fine native tree, producing a large, longish nut, which is prized for its sweet, oily nutritious kernel. PERSIAN VARIETIES. ALSO KNOWN AS ENGLISH, MADERIA AND FRENCH WALNUT. We would call special attention of the public to the following most valuable varieties of walnuts. The varieties we recommend to plant for market, are well tested varieties, that cannot be surpassed for beauty, size of nut, quality of meat or hardiness of tree. Commercial walnut culture is concerned with J. Regia, commonly known as “English Walnut,” but in reality the Persian, and sometimes known as the DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 83 Madeira Walnut, as it was FRANQUETTE imported into England from those islands. It is, however, a native of Persia or Southern Asia. SANTO BARBARA SOFT SHELL— Originated by Joseph Sexton of Santa Barbara, California. The nut is large, shell thin, so that it is readily broken by tbe hand. The kernel is white, full and sweet. The favorite variety in Southern Cali- fornia. SANTA ROSA SOFT SHELL— Claimed to be the hardiest of walnuts. The nut is large, and of fine quality and flavor. Originated by Luther Burbank of Santa Rosa, California, who claims that it is the finest nut grown, and mat n. will succeed where other varieties fail. It blooms late in the spring and thereby escapes the frosts. Comes into bearing very young. An abundant bearer. FRENCH VARIETIES OF THE PERSIAN WALNUTS. These we grow from nuts secured from grafted first generation trees, thus making ours the second generation tree, these should not be confused, or prices compared with the common tender varieties grown by most nursery- men as “English Walnuts,” which are not hardy enough for Oregon or the Northern States, and are very often barren caused by the staminate (or male blossom or catkin) being out while the pistillate, (or female blossom) is yet in a dormant state, so that, when the latter are out, there are no male catkins to fertilize the nuts, which drop off after attaining about the size of a pea. Thousands of good healthy trees can be seen both in California and Oregon of this class which are worthless, except for shade. CHABERTE WALNUT — All old and most valuable variety; late in budding out The nut is well shaped, roundish, oval, and of fair size, though it is not what is called a large nut; the kernel is of extra fine quality; good bearer. The Chaberte was originated over a century ago by a man named Chaberte, hence its name. FRANQUETTE — Possesses distinct characteristics. 1 he tree is \ei> hardy, withstanding the cold winters of eastern France, where it originated. It is a clean, vigorous grower, has never been attacked by disease a late bloomer escaping late frosts; a regular and abundant bearer. The hull, or outside covering, is much thicker than the soft-shell varieties and conse- quently the nuts do not sunburn during hot spells, when most other varieties burn very badly. The Franquette is the ideal nut for dessert and confect on- ery use; it is of large, uniform size, long in form, and has a smooth, well-filled shell of’ medium thickness, which insures its safe shipment to market. Being long in form, it carries one to two ounces more meat per pound of nuts than the round or chunky sorts. Its pellicle is pale yellow in color; meat of ex- quisitely rich, oily, nutty flavor. 84 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated I he Franquette is the peer of all French varieties and the heaviest bear- er; unlike the Mayette, which produces a nut of fair quality, but is a decided- ly shy bearer; not like the Praeparturien or other early-blooming soft-shell vai ieties, which only occasionally bear a crop of nuts of mixed sizes and in- ferior quality. The tender soft-shell varieties that have been planted in southern California must be left severely alone in the North, in order to in- sure an annual and successful crop. First, because the trees of the soft-shell kinds are not hardy enough to withstand our coldest winters; and, second, because they bloom too early, they are almost sure to be caught by the frost. MAYETTE WALNUT — This is one of the finest dessert nuts grown. It is quite large, uniformly so, well shaped and with a light colored shell. The kernel is full fleshed, sweet and nutty. But what renders this remarkable kind so much more valuable is its very late budding out, which enables it to escape the disastrous effects of late frosts in the spring. It is also an abund- ant bearer. This is the nut imported in the United States under the name of Gienoble, but on account of the duty of 3 cents per pound, r.s the nut is a high-priced nut in France, a common and cheap grade is mixed with it, to the disgust of nut importers in New York and Chicago. The Mayette was origin- ated by a man of the name of Mayett about 125 years ago, the nut having ever since been a great favorite. 0 PARISIENNE— A beautiful nut with full fleshed kernel. Blooms very late. Oiiginated in the southeast of France, and named “Parisienne” in honor of the capital of France, on account of its beauty. PRAPARTURIEN (Or Dwarf Prolific) — This is a dwarf growing, early- bearing variety, which matures its growth well, not suffering, therefore from early frosts. Its leaves and blocms appear about one month later in the spring than the common English Walnut, and are consequently seldom, if ever injured by the late spring frosts. JAPANESE VARIETIES. As the name indicates they were introduced from Japan, ana are sure to prove of great importance in nut growing districts. Easily transplanted, hardy, abundant and early bearers, with little, if any, tap-root compared with other varieties, but abundantly supplied with laterals. CORDIFORMIS — The tree is a rapid grower and bears at four years from the seed, and is said to attain a great age. As a dessert nut it has few super- iors; the kernels are of a peculiar heart shape, which can be readily extracted whole by boiling the nut for about five minutes and cracking them while still hot. The meat is very sweet and is used very extensively in the form of candied nuts. SIEBOLDI— Tree very vigorous and of handsome form, with immense leaves, having a charming shade of green; the nuts are produced in clusters, shell smooth and much thinner than the native American Walnut; the kernel is sweet, has the flavor of the butternut, but is less oily. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 85 Ornamental Department The increasing demand for this class of stock has induced us to make this branch a more prominent feature of our establishment, and to this end we have Been steadily working for years, carefully selecting the best and most de- sirable sorts out of the great mass that has been brought to the notice of the public. That there should be many very good things and also very poor ones, in these vast collections, is a fact beyond question. For the supply ot the amateur, and those whose plantings are to embrace a large collection for variety’s sake, it is very proper that they should be supplied; but our purpose is chiefly to furnish material to those who select for true merit, who want trees and plants that will do the most good and give the best satisfaction. It should be kept in mind that with ornamentals, as with fruit trees, there are some that do well in one place that will fail in another so that care should be taken in making up plantings lists to select only such as are known to succeed in the particular locality where they are to be planted. We want trees that will not only show well in the earliest stages of their growth, but those that will maintain a good form and pleasing habit as they grow older; in fact we would look more to the character of the tree when developed than to its ap- pearance -when young. Our stock is in the best possible condition for trans- planting, having plenty of room where growing, and in soil eminently suited to the development of a good system of roots. With careful planting, and proper care afterward, there will be but little danger of failure. TRANSPLANTING AND CULTIVATION. The same advice concerning transplanting and cultivation, given in our Fruit Catalogue applies to this department; but as it is .often impossible to cultivate the ground in which shade trees are planted, it will be the more necessary to mulch them well, and not let the grass grow close around the stem of the tree. Flowering shrubs and evergreens should be carefully planted in good, deep, rich soil, and well mulched. When this is done, watering will seldom be necessary; but when, in case of extreme drought, it may be required, it should be thoroughly done, so as to reach well down into the roots. Very much watering before the leaves expand is a decided injury; let there be just enough to keep the earth moist about the roots, not soaking wet or it may cause them to decay. The branches should always be shortened back at the time of planting, in proportion to the loss of root sustained by the tree in moving. Those contemplating planting trees should bear in mind that the value and beauty of a tree or plant is dependent upon its thriftiness and symmetry rath- er than its height. 86 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated DECIDUOUS SHADE TREES. AILANTHUS, GLANDULOSA (Tree of Heaven) — A lofty, rapid growing tree, thriving well on barren soils, and making a beautiful shade tree; some object to it on account of the disagreeable odor of the leaves and flowers. ALDER, EUROPEAN — A remarkable rapid growing tree, with roundish, wedge shaped foliage. Well adapted to most situations. ALDER, IMPERIAL CUT-LEAVED — A stately, vigorous growing tree, of graceful habits, with large and deeply lacinated foliage. A grand lawn tree. ASH, EUROPEAN — Large, spreading tree, of rapid growth; darker foliage than the American. ARALIA, JAPONICA (Angelica Tree) — A handsome, distinct, small tree from Japan; of spreading habit of growth, with immense finely-divided foliage and spiny stems. Flowers white, in large spikes, in July. ARALIA, SPINOSA — A very showy sort. Broad, handsomely cut foliage, and immense clusters of small white flowers in July or August. A singular looking small sized tree, with very prickly stems, pinnate leaves. It suckers occasionally from the roots, but not after well established. BEECH, EUROPEAN — A beautiful tree attaining a height of 60 or 80 feet. BEECH, PURPLE-LEAVED — A remarkable variety, with very dark pur- plish foliage, changing to crimson, and again in the fall to dark purplish green, making a striking contrast with the green of other trees. Highly ornamental and desirable. When fully grown, 40 to 50 feet high. BEECH, RIVERSI— Smooth leaved purple. This variety differs from the ordinary purple leaved by its compact, symmetrical growth, and crimson foli- age early in the spring, changing to dark purple in the summer. One of the finest of all purple leaved trees. BIRCH, EUROPEAN WHITE — Remarkable for its elegance; very grace-' ful with silver bark and slender branches; quite erect when young, but after- wards assuming an elegant drooping habit. CATALPA BUNGEI — This, on its own root, is a dwarf Catalpa, a close, compact shrub, absolutely healthy, hardy; its branches are numerous and short, the broad leaves lay as shingles on a roof, making a dense shade, and when worked eight or more feet high, makes the umbrella shaped top tree equal, if not even more symmetrical than the famous Chinese Umbrella tree of the south; being thus worked it has grown five and one-half feet in diam- eter in two years. CATALPA, HARDY, OR WESTERN (Speciosa)— This early blooming, upright variety is much hardier than the Syringa-Leaved, having proven it- self able to stand the severest winters of Wisconsin and Iowa; making when planted in groves, straight, symmetrical trees, suitable for posts. or railway ties, for which purpose it is one of the most useful trees known, lasting in many instances nearly or quite a century. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 87 CATALPA, SYRINGA-LEAVED (Syringafolia) — A rapid growing tree with large, heart-shaped leaves, producing clusters of white and purple flowers in July, when few trees are in bloom. Twenty-five to thirty-five feet high when fully grown. CATALPA, TEA’S JAPAN HYBRID — Large luxuriant foliage, handsome white flowers w r ith purple dots and a touch of yellow around the throat, with a pleasant delicate fragrance; a tree in bloom not only produces a magnificent spectacle to the eye, but also fills the air quite a distance with its agreeable odor. In rapidity of growth it rivals the most luxuriant tree of temperate climate. CHERRY, FLORE ALBA PLENO (Large, Double Flowering Cherry) — At the period of flowering, a remarkable beautiful and attractive tree; the flow- ers are so numerous as to conceal the branches and to present to the eye nothing but a mass of bloom, each flower resembling a miniature white rose; a valuable variety deserving wide dissemination. CHERRY, RHEXI FL. PL. — Extra fine, double white flowered variety. Its pure white fLowers resembling white roses, are freely produced at blossoming season. CRAB, BECHTEL’S DOUBLE FLOWERING — Makes a medium sized or- namental tree of great beauty; perfectly hardy; succeeds well in all soils not extremely wet. When in bloom in early spring this tree presents the appear- ance of being covered with perfectly double, small, pink roses of delicious fragrance. The only sweet-scented Double Crab ; blooms quite young. Unlike many other, trees, it does not bloom until the leaves are fully developed, which adds greatly to its beauty. Sure to become quit popular as soon as it is well known. DOGWOOD, CORNUS FLORIDA — An American species , of fine form, grow- ing from 16 to 26 feet; the flowers are produced in the spring before the leaves appear, are from three to three and one-lialf inches in diameter, white and very showy, resembling the Clematis flower somewhat; the foliage in autumn is of a deep red color, rendering the tree one of the most beautiful objects at that season. ELM, AMERICAN WHITE— A native tree of large size, with open spread- ing head and graceful drooping branches. Very popular in nearly all sections, and valuable for street planting. Succeeds admirably even where the soil is somewhat heavy and damp. ELM, CORK-BARK — A valuable shade tree, and very desirable for streets and avenues; young branches very corky; leaves rough on both sides. ELM, ENGLISH — A native of Europe, forming a tall, erect tree, with slen- der branches and small leaves. When fully grown 40 to 50 feet high. ELM, PURPLE-LEAVED — A very beautiful and distinct variety; leaves of rich purple when young. When fully grown, 15 to 25 feet high. FRINGE, PURPLE — A much admired small tree or shrub, for its curious fringe or hair like flower that covers the whole'surface of the plants in mid- summer. 88 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated FRINGE, WHITE A small native tree or shrub, glossy leaves and droop- racemes, of pure white flower, having narrow, fringe like petals. Its foliage as well as its flowers, make one of the most desirable lawn trees. HORSE CHESTNUT, WHITE FLO WER I NG— The well known European species; very handsome; has magnificent spikes of white flowers. As a lawn tree or for the street it has no superior. HORSE CHESTNUT, RED FLOWERING— A splendid tree, producing showy red flowers a little later in the season than the white; foliage a deeper green. When fully grown, 40 to 50 feet. The white and the red flowering contrast well when planted together. HORSE CHESTNUT, SMOOTH-FRUITED, OHIO BUCKEYE — Has pale green leaves and showy yellow flowers. A fine small tree. A very crooked and irregular grower. JUDAS TREE, OR RED BUD — A very ornamental tree, medium in size, with heart-shaped leaves of pure green color and glossy surface. Before the foliage appears it is covered with a profusion of delicate pink flowers from which it derives its name, Red Bud. It is a very beautiful and effective tree. It flowers at the same time as the Chinese Magnolias, and when planted with them produces a very beautiful effect. It makes but a small tree. KENTUCKY COFFEE TREE — A native of large size, with rough bark and coarse branches; feathery foliage of a bluish green color. Flowers white in racemes followed by long pods. LARCH, EUROPEAN — An excellent upright, rapid growing, pyramidal shaped tree, with drooping, slender branches; foliage light green, soft and graceful in the spring, turning to golden yellow in the autumn before falling. Unlike most conifers, it is deciduous after the first year; perfectly hardy and thriving in nearly all situations. Makes a very handsome specimen for orna- mental planting and is very valuable for timber. LABURNUM, GOLDEN CHAIN — Bears long, penant recemes, of yellowish flowers in June; showy and beautiful. Should be in every lawn. LINDEN, AMERICAN OR BASSWOOD — A rapid growing, open head, or spreading tree, with large leaves and fragrant flowers; very desirable ,on ac- count of its fine, luxuriant foliage. When fully grown, 40 to 60 feet. LINDEN, EUROPEAN— A very fine pyramidal tree, with large leaves and fragrant flowers; smaller in all its parts than the preceding, and more valu- able for street or lawn planting. When fully grown, 30 to 50 feet. LINDEN, WHITE OR SILVER-LEAVED — A handsome vigorous growing tree; pyramidal form; large leaves, whitish on the under side, and having a beautiful appearance when ruffled by the wind; its white color making it conspicuous among other trees. LOCUST, BLACK OR YELLOW — A native tree, of large size, rapid growth and valuable for timber, as well as quite ornamental. The flowers are dis- posed in long, pendulous recemes, white or yellowish, very fragrant, and ap- pear in June. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 89 LOCUST, HONEY, THREE-THORN ED ACACIA — A strange but striking ornamental tree, with large branched reddish spines on trunk and branches; forms a broad graceful, rather loose head, with finely pinnate, glossy green foliage; the greenish flowers appearing in racemes in the early summer are followed by flat ornamental bean-like pods eight to ten inches long. As ave- nue trees they are very picturesque. LOCUST, ROSE OR MOSS — A native specimen of spreading, irregular growth, very long, elegant clusters of pea shaped, rose-colored flowers in June, and at intervals throughout the season. Compound foliage of a pleasing shade of light green. MAGNOLIA (Native Sorts) — It would be difficult to over-praise Magnolias, they make beautiful trees for ornamental planting, and the acuminata and tripetela are also valuable as street and avenue trees. The leaves are large, dark green, the flowers white or yellowish white, and most of them sweet- scented. Nearly all of them bear large and conspicuous fruit pods — the tripe- tela being especially handsome in this respect. MAGNOLIA, ACUMINATA (Cucumber Tree) — A majestic pyramidal grow- ing tree, with large, conspicuous leaves and yellowish-white flowers; fruit when green, resembling a cucumber, hence the name. MAGNOLIA, M. GLAUCA— Sweet Bay— (15 to 20 feet.) The Sweet White Magnolia is greatly prized for its beautiful, white, sweet-scented flowers. These flowers come later than those of most all other kinds, not expanding until the first week in June. In sheltered places it is almost or quite an evergreen. Though it grows in swamps and low ground in its wild state it does equally well in higher situations. MAGNOLIA, M. TRIPETALA (Umbrella Tree)— A hardy, medium size, tree with immense leaves and large white flowers four to six inches in diam- eter, appearing in June. MAGNOLIA, CHINESE AND JAPANESE SORTS— The Chinese and Japa- nese are not so large-growing as the native ones, their maximum height be- ing about twenty to thirty feet. They can either be trimmed up to a single stem — tree form — or allow to grow bushy as shrubs, in which form it could be kept to any desired height. MAGNOLIA, CHINESE WHITE (Alba Conspicua)- — A beautiful Chinese variety, with large white flowers that appear before the leaves. Tree of small size. MAGNOLIA, SNOWY-FLOWERED (M. Apecious) — Resembles the Sou langeana; flowers not as large or as deep in color; exceedingly free bloomer and flowers remain on tree longer than any other Chinese variety. One of the hardiest and best. MAGNOLIA, LENNEI — (20 to 25 feet) — The large cup shaped, rosy-pink flowers are beautiful, and are unlike those of any other sort. MAGNOLIA, PURPURPEA (OBOVATA) — (G to 10 feet)— Bushy growth; flowers are purple, after many others are over. MAGNOLIA SOULANGEANA (15 to 20 feet) — Perhaps the most popular of all Magnolias, being of vigorous growth, and blooming profusely, even when 90 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated quite small. The flowers are large, pink on the outside of petals and white inside. In average seasons the flowers open in the third week in April. It can be grown as a small tree or large shrub. MAGNOLIA, STELLATA (HALLEANA)— (5 to 6 feet)— A dwarf bush- growing most valuable species. The flowers are white, tinted with pink in (he bud, semi-double, fragrant, and appear as early as the 15th of April. The earliest of all to flower. It is one of the best for massing as well as for a specimen shrub. MAPLE, ARGENTA VARIEGATED — This we consider one of the most attractive ornamental trees grown; so much of the leaf is variegated that at a short dis- tance it has the appearance of the whole leaf being a silver white. The tree is as hardy as the ash-leaved, and a specimen should be in every lawn. MAPLE, ASH-LEAVED (BOX ELDER) — A. Nugundo) — A fine, rapid growing variety, with handsome light green pin nated foliage and spreading head, very hardy; desirable for street planting and succeeds in many sections where other vari- eties do not thrive. MAPLE GOLDEN VARIE- GATED — Foliage golden yellow. Tree very hardy and attractive. MAPLE, NORWAY — Form European; a large handsome tree, with broad deep green foli- age and of very compact growth rendering it one of the most de- sirable varieties for the street, park or garden. MAPLE, OREGON — A most graceful tree with wide spreading branches and large foliage. MAPLE, PURPLE-LEAVED SYCAMORE — Leaves deep green on upper surface, purplish red beneath, producing a beautiful color effect when leaves are in m 0 tion. Tree of robust habit; fine for grouping with other foliage trees. MAPLE, RED OR SCARLET — A native species of medium size and round- ed head; produces deep blossoms which appear before the leaves. In autumn the foliage changes to brilliant scarlet. MAPLE, SCHWEDLER’S — - A beautiful variety, with young shoots and leaves of a bright, purplish and crimson color, which changes to purplish green in the older leaves. A distinct and handsome sort. — OREGON MAPLE DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 91 MAPLE, SILVER or SOFT — A rapid growing tree of large size, irregular rounded form; foliage bright green above; silvery beneath; a favorite street and park tree. MAPLE, SUGAR — A well-known native tree of stately growth; valuable both for the production of sugar and for its wood; and also very desirable as an ornamental shade tree. MAPLE, SYCAMORE — A handsome tree of rapid, upright growth, with large foliage, and smooth, ashgray colored bark. MAPLE, WIER’S CUT-LEAVED SILVER — This is one of the most remark- able and beautiful trees with cut or dissected foliage yet offered. Its growth is rapid, shoots slender and drooping, giving it a habit almost as graceful as the Cut-Leaved Birch. The foliage is abundant, silvery underneath and on the young woods especially, deeply and delicately cut. MAPLE, JAPANESE— The Japanese Maples are becoming more popular as they become better known. They are of dwarf habit and are varied in their foliage. They are also shrub-like in growth, and many of them of such rich, bright hues and deep cut leaves that we class them by themselves. On account of these characters they are much used for forming permanent beds, are very effective whether planted singly or in groups. In groups they can be planted four to six feet apart. Though succeeding in the sun, they prefer light shade at midday. The bright-hued leaves make a fine display and the blood-leaved (Atropurpureum), areum and purple cut-leaf are especially in de- mand. We include only those we can especially recommend. MAPLE, JAPAN BLOOD-RED — The brightest and most constant in color of the red-leaved sort and one of the most popular. MAPLE, JAPAN CUT-LEAVED PURPLE — -One of the most striking and handsome varieties of the Japan Maples. Form dwarf and weeping; the leaves are of a beautiful rose color when young, and change to a deep and con- stant purple as they become older. They are also deeply and delicately cut, giving them an elegant fern-like appearance, (5 to 7 feet when grown.) MAPLE, JAPAN, DARK PU RPLE-LEAVED— Forms a bushy shrub; foliage dark purple and deeply cut; very ornamental. The hardiest and altogether the best of the Japan Maples. MAPLE, JAPAN GOLDEN — The leaves retain their light yellow color with little variation throughout the summer. One of the best and most effective in a group. (8 to 10 feet when grown.) MAPLE, JAPAN — (A polymorphum)— The most vigorous of tne type; forms a small shrubby tree with various shades of color on the young growth ; foliage small, deeply lobed, coppery-green, changing to the most brilliant and gorgeous tints in the autumn. It is the parent form of many of the “Japanese Maples.” F,or planting single on a lawn it is most handsome, its feathery green leaves making its appearance distinct from that of any other shrub-like tree. (12 to 15 ft. when grown.) 92 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated MOUNTAIN ASH, AMERICAN — A favorite, erect-growing tree of medium size, producing white flowers early in spring, followed by clusters of bright scarlet berries, which remain on the tree through the winter months. MOUNTAIN ASH, EUROPEAN — A very beautiful tree of medium size, with an erect stem, smooth bark and round head; covered during the fall and winter with bright scarlet berries; universally admired. MOUNTAIN ASH, OAK-LEAVED— A hardy tree of fine habit; height and breadth from 20 to 30 feet; foliage simple and deeply lobed. A very fine lawn tree. OAK, PIN — The Oak is undoubtedly the most valuable variety for all prac- tical purposes. The foliage is dense, finely divided, of a beautiful shining green that colors to sparkling red and yellow in fall. The tree is easily trans- planted and grows well on wet or dry ground; is, in fact, the quickest grow- ing of all the Oaks. As an avenue and street tree it is unequaled, and it is one of the best for park planting. OAK, RED — A very well-known, rapid growing, native species. The leaves are large and bright green, and take on a purplish-scarlet hue in the fall. It becomes of large size, with a round and spreading head, one of the best sorts not only as a street and avenue tree but also for ornamental purposes. OSAGE ORANGE — A native tree of medium size and spreading habit. Leaves bright, shining green, broad and sharp pointed. Fruit resembles an orange. One of the very best defensive hedges. It is of vigorous habit and rapid, dense grow'th, and when kept properly trimmed makes a very efficient hedge and is also ornamental. PAULOWNIA, EMPRESS TREE— A magnificent tropical looking tree from Japan. Of extremely rapid grow'th, and surpassing in size of leaves which are 12 to 14 inches in diameter. Blossoms trumpet-shaped formed in large, upright panicles in May. Quite hardy here, but the flower buds are apt to be killed during severe winters. PLUM, PURPLE-LEAVED (Prunus Pissardi) — Tree of medium size; wood and leaves dark purple. The fruit from its formation is also purple until it ripens. Introduced from Persia. PLUM, PRUNUS TRILOBA (Double Flow'ering Plum) — A very desirable shrub, introduced from Japan. Flowers semi-double, of delicate pink upwards of an inch in diameter, thickly set. Hardy; flowers in May. POPLAR, AUREA VAN GRETII — Has fine golden yellow foliage, retain- ing its brilliancy throughout the season; effective in masses. POPLAR, BALSAMIFERA (Balm of Gilead) — A native of the Eastern States of remarkably rapid and luxuriant grow'th, with large, glossy foliage. Buds covered with a fragrant resin. POPLAR, BOLLEANA — Of recent introduction. A very compact, upright grower, with glossy leaves, green above and silvery beneath; the most desirable of all Poplars. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 93 POPLAR, CAROLINA — One of, if not the most rapid growing trees, with large, handsome, glossy, serrated, deep green leaves. Succeeds everywhere; especially adapted to large cities, where it makes unusual fast growth, and resists smoke and gas. Pyramidal form, making a spreading head and dense shade when properly trimmed. New growth should be well cut back in spring for the first few seasons. It is unexcelled for quick growth and effect, and makes a splendid windbreak or screen; is used in larger numbers than any other one tree for street planting. For new places and streets where the slower grow- ing ornamentals are desired, plant the Poplars between, securing an almost immediate effect, removing them as the other trees attain size. POPLAR LOMBARDY— Well known for its erect, rapid growth and commanding form. Very desirable in large grounds or along roads to break the average height and forms of other trees. When fully grown, 50 to 75 feet. POPLAR, SILVER-LEAVED OR WHITE— A tree of wonderfully rapid growth and spreading habit; leaves large dark, rich green above, and white as snow beneath. When fully grown 40 feet. SALISBU Rl A, MAIDEN-HAIR TREE, OR GINGKO — A rare, beautiful tree from Japan, with remarkable, fern-like foliage, distinct and fine. Especially desirable for planting on lawns or in door-yards. A rapid grower. SOUR GUM, or TUPELO — Besides its bright green leaves and shapely growth, its lovely autumn foliage recommends it. SWEET GUM, or BILSTED — One of the finest American trees. Of medium size and moderate growth; form round head or tapering; leaves resemble somewhat those of the maple, but aree star shaped and of a beautiful glossy green color in summer, turning to a deep purplish crimson in autumn; and m this respect is equal to the Sour Gum; bark corky. Beautiful in all stages of growth, it is particularly handsome and striking in autumn. It thrives in low, damp places, though growing equally well in higher ground. A beautiful tree for street or avenue planting. Prune closely when transplanted. SYCAMORE, AMERICAN PLANE, SYCAMORE or BUTTONWOOD— A well known, tall, rapid growing native tree; leaves large, heart shaped at the base; the lobes sharp pointed. SYCAMORE, EUROPEAN — Oriental plane. A lofty, wide spreading tree; heart shaped leaves, more deeply cut that above species; valuabe for its handsome foliage and free growth. 94 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated THORN, DOUBLE SCARLET — Flowers deep crimson, with scarlet shade; very double, and considered larger than the double red; fine rich foliage. THORN, DOUBLE WHITE — Has small, double white flowers. THORN, PAUL’S DOUBLE SCARLET — Flowers large, deep carmine scarlet. Superior to any other variety. TULIP TREE, or WHITE WOOD — A magnificent native tree, very rapid of growth; broad glossy and fiddle shaped leaves. It is valued for its clear smooth bark and handsome green foliage. The flowers appear in the first week in June. They are large, greenish yellow, blotched orange, and have the shape of a tulip. It makes a very desirable tree for street planting, thriv- ing in a low as well as high ground. Plant only in spring and prune veiy closely. Allied to the Magnolias, and like them, difficult to transplant, un- less of small size. WILLOW, GOLDEN — A handsome tree; conspicuous at all seasons but particularly in winter, on account of its golden yellow bark. WILLOW, ROSEMARY-LEAVED — Budded 5 to 7 feet from the ground, it makes a very handsome round-headed small tree; branches feathery, foliage silvery. YELLOW WOOD — One of the finest of American trees, of moderate growth; foliage of a light green color; flowers pea-shaped, white, sweet- scented, appearing in June in great profusion, in long, drooping racemes, covering the tree. Weeping or Drooping Deciduous Trees . Much attention is now given to this interesting class of trees, and we therefore place them separate for the greater convenience of our friends. For the benefit of those unacquainted with thir habits, w would say that they should b divided into two separate classes, namely: Those which are grafted where the top or head commences to form, as in the case of the Kilmarnock Willow, and those having long, slender branches which droop naturally, like the Cut-Leaved Birch; the first assume that conspicuous, umbrella-like form so well known, and so excellently adapted for planting in cemeteries, small yards and gardens. The latter have tall growing trunks, with long slender branches, and are really handsome. They are well adapted for large places where they can have sufficient room. In such situations, the elegance and grace of their branches in motion or at rest, are so graceful to the eye that among ornamental shrubbery they have few if any superiors. ASH, EUROPEAN WEEPING — One of the finest lown or arbor trees; covers a great space and grows rapidly; well adapted for covering arbors. BEECH, WEEPING (Pendula) — Quite ungainly in appearance, divested of its leaves, but when covered with rich, luxuriant foliage, of wonderful grace and beauty. Attains 30 feet. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 95 BIRCH, CUT-LEAVED WEEPING — Extremely vigorous and hardy. Mr. Scott in his “Suburban Home Grounds,” says of it: “No engraving can do it justice: like the palm tree of the tropics, it must be seen in motion, swaying in the light breeze, its leaves trembling in the heated summer air, its white bark glistening through the bright foliage and sparkling in the sun, to enable us to form a true impression of its character.” BIRCH, ELEGANT WEEPING — First exhibited at the Paris Exposition in 1876, where it attained great attention. It has beautiful foliage, and an ele- gant weeping habit. It is very desirable in grounds that admit of variety. BIRCH, YOUNG’S WEEPING — Originated near Milford, England, where it was found trailing upon the ground. Grafted into stems of some height, it forms pendulous heads, drooping to the ground in fine, thread like shoots; very beautiful. CHERRY, JAPAN WEEPING ROSE, FLOWERED— Brought from Japan by Van Siebold, and is certainly one of the finest weeping trees for lawns or small grounds. The branches are slender, and when grafted on tall stems, fall gracefully to the ground. The flowers are rose colored, appearing before the leaves. Undoubtedly the finest weeping cherry, and one of the finest weeping trees in cultivation. CHERRY, JAPAN WEEPING WHITE — Feathery and graceful; flowers single white; fruit red. One of the finest of the small-headed cherries. Re- sembles the pumila pendula somewhat, but much more feathery and graceful. DOGWOOD, WEEPING— A weeping form of the White Flowering, distinct from all other weeping trees. Possesses the abundant bloom, handsome foliage and fruit of the White Flowering, and makes a magnificent specimen, either summer or winter. ELM, CAMPERDOWN — One of the most graceful of all weeping trees, having large, luxuriant and deep green foliage; well adapted for planting on lawns and covering arbors; very desirable; a rapid grower. MOUNTAIN ASH, WEEPING— A beautiful tree, with straggling, weeping branches; makes a fine tree for lawn; suitable for covering arbors. MULBERRY, TEA’S RUSSIAN — A very graceful weeping tree with long, slender branches, drooping to the ground, parallel to the stem; one of the most graceful of weeping trees. POPLAR, LARGE-LEAVED — A variety with slender, drooping, graceful branches, like cords; foliage dark shiny green and deeply serrated. WILLOW, WEEPING (Babylonica) — Our common, well-known weeping variety; forms a large, round-headed, graceful tree; requires plenty of room, and where space can be spared, is quite desirable. WILLOW, GOLDEN WEEPING— The bark of this is of a bright golden color. The branches are somewhat drooping. Makes a medium sized orna- mental tree. PC. ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated CUT LEAF WEEPING BIRCH DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 97 WILLOW, KILMARNOCK WEEPING — A distinct variety, having reddish shoots and large glossy foliage, graf- ted at a proper height, about five feet from the ground, it makes a very de- sirable small lawn tree, having a per- fect umbrella-shaped head, and with the branches drooping gracefully to the ground and is well suited for planting in cemetery lots or other small enclosures. Extensively planted and should be in every collection of ornamental shrubbery. Hardy and of vigorous growth. WILLOW, NEW AMERICAN— A handsome weeping tree with large glossy leaves; a strong grower, with a more pendulous habit than the Com- mon Willow. KILMARNOCK WEEPING EVERGREEN TREES. The following Evergreens are mostly hardy and particularly adapted to cur Northern and Western climates. Many of these make the most ornamen- tal hedges and screens. ARUACARI A IMBRICATA (Chile Pine)— Beautiful, regular pyramidal form; branches in whorls, spreading horizontally when young, rather ascend- ing near the top; leaves stiff, smooth, shining deep green, sharply pointed and entirely clothing the branches; the greatest ornament among conifers. ARBORVITAE, AMERICAN — A well known variety of great value; it forms an upright, conical tree of only medium size, and is, all things consid- ered, the finest Evergreen for screens, being hardy and more easily trans- planted. It grows rapidly, and with little care, or rather by easy manage- ment, it soon forms a most beautiful hedge, very dense, and perfectly imper- vious to the sight. It is not adapted to turn stock, but forms a most desir- able and ornamental screen to divide the lawn from other parts of the ground, or for any similar purpose. ARBORVITAE, CHINESE— Of upright growth, slender, and bright green foliage. Growth is on flat twigs; arranged mostly vertically. ARBORVITAE, COMPACTA (Parson’s) — Foliage bright, light green. Habit dwarf and compact. 98 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated ARBORVITAE, ELEGANT or ROLLISON’S GOLDEN— New, pyramidal; of a beautiful golden tint, when young, changing to golden bronze in autumn. The finest of this habit. ABORVITAE, GLOBE— Forms a natural evergreen globe or ball without any trimming; very pretty and hardy. ABORVITAE, GOLDEN— Free grower with fine golden yellow foliage; hardy; the most desirable Golden Arborvitae for the Northern States. ARBORVITAE, HOVEY’S GOLDEN — A small tree globular in form; foliage light green w r ith a golden tinge and very compact. ARBORVITAE, PYRAM I DA- LIS — An exceedingly beautiful bright variety resembling the Irish Juniper in form; foliage deep green; color w r ell retained in winter; perfectly hardy. Should have a place in every collection. AREORVITAE, SIBERIAN — Well known and deservedly popular on ac- count of its hardiness, being able to endure the changes of our climate, and retain its dark green color; makes an excellent lawn tree, and is of great value for ornamental screens and hedges. ARBORVITAE, TOM THUMB— A very small, compact little evergreen; very fine foliage. Makes a beautiful ornament for a small yard or cemetery- lot; fine for low hedges. CEDAR, HIMALAYANOR INDIAN— Exceedingly handsome with drooping branches and silvery green foliage, branches feathery and spreading, forming o dense net work; the finest, mots rapid growing of all cedars, and worthy of a place in every garden. CYRPTOMERIA (Japan Cedar) — One of the finest evergreens of Japan. * airly hardy. CALIFORNIA BIG TREE (Sequoia Gigantae)— The famous Big Tree of California; it makes a handsome pyramid when young; very desirable for lawn decoration. A very attractive evergreen; thrives well in this climate. CYPRESS, LAWSON’S — A fine evergreen, native of the Pacific Coast; one of the most graceful and beautiful evergreens; of fine, compact habits, DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 99 delicate, feathery foliage; varies from vivid green to a silvery or bluish tint, according to sub-varieties. FIR. CONCOLOR, COLORA- DO SILVER — A stately and beautiful variety; one of the finest of Rocky Mountain Ever- greens. Graceful habits; broad, handsome foliage, bluish above, silvery beneath. A fairly hardy grower and a very desirable va- riety for the lawn. Extremely hardy and a fit companion for the Colorado Blue Spruce. With stands heat and drought the best of all Firs. FIR, SILVER or GRAND— A large stately tree of pyramidal growth, leaves thin, flexible, deeply grooved, very dark green above and silvery white be- neath; a native of the Pacific Coast. HEMLOCK — An elegant tree with drooping branches and fine yew-like foliage; perfectly hardy and quite distinct; of undoubted worth and beauty. Makes a fine ornamental hedge. JUNIPER, IRISH — A very pretty little tree or shrub, forming a neat, ta- pering column of deep green foliage; very hardy and desirable for planting on lawns or in cemetery lots, where larger evergreens are not admissible. JUNIPER, SWEDISH — Similar to the Irish, though not so erect, with yellowish-green foliage, of somewhat lighter color than the preceding, form- ing a beautiful pyramidal small tree. RED CEDAR — A well known American tree with deep green foliage; makes a fine ornamental hedge. PINE, AUSTRIAN, or BLACK — A remarkably robust, hardy, spreading tree; leaves long, stiff and dark green; growth rapid; valuable for this country. PINE, MUGHO, DWARF MOUNTAIN PINE— Of compact spreading growth; it keeps below four feet in height for many years. Does not grow tall but spreads over the ground, generally assuming a globular form; very dense. PINE, SCOTCH — A fine, robust, rapidly growing tree, with stout, erect shoots and silvery green foliage. LAWSON CYPRESS 100 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated PINE, WHITE — The most ornamental of all our native pine; foliage light, delicate, or silvery-green; flourishes in the poorest soils. RETINOSPORA (Japanese Cypress or Japanese Cedar) — A genus very similar to cypresses. It comprises many varie- ties of wonderful beauty. Botanists class all varieties under two species — obtusa and pisifera, but originating in Japan it is almost impossible to say for certain to which variety it belongs, and following most other nurserymen we list it under the names we received them. They are very desirable for planting in groups, as they are of medium size. In the far north they must be protected in the winter. RETINOSPORA FILIFERA — Upright leader, main bran- ches nearly horizontal, smaller branches of a graceful and weeping habit. One of the showiest. RETINOSPORA FILIFERA AUREA— A golden form of the preceding. RETINOSPORA OBTUSA — A free growing evergreen, of bright green foliage. IRISH RETINOSPORA PISIFERA — An evergreen of tree-like JUNIPER character when mature. The underside of foliage is silvery. RETINOSPORA PLUMOSA — An exceedingly handsome small evergreen from Japan, with feathery, light-green foliage. RETINOSPORA PLUMOSA AUREA — Like the preceding, a plant of great beauty; foliage soft, plume like, of a golden color; close and compact habit; should be in every amateur collection. RETINOSPORA SQUARROSSA — This valued sort has steel colored foliage and makes a tufty, compact growth. It grows to a large size, but by pruning can be kept down to almost any size, as, in fact, can all Retinosporas. SPRUCE. The name Abies for Fir and Picea for Spruce are used just oppositely by different authors, Linnaeus employing Abies for Spruce and Picea for Fir. We have followed Gray, Bailey and most of the later botanists, who use the name the same as the ancients. SPRUCE, COLORADO BLUE — A rare elegant tree with foliage of rich blue. One of the most distinct and striking of all the spruce family. This variety of Spruce was found in the Rocky Mountains, and has always given the best of satisfaction wherever planted. Considered as one of the most beautiful of all evergreens. A free grower and perfectly hardy. SPRUCE, NORWAY— A lofty, elegant tree, of erect, pyramidal habit, re- markably elegant and rich, and as it gets age, has fine, graceful, pendulous branches; it is exceedingly picturesque and beautiful. Very popular and DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 101 deservedly so, and should be largely planted. One of the best evergreens for hedges. SPRUCE, PYGMAEA — A dwarf variety of the Norway; grows from three to four feet high; very compact. SPRUCE, DOUGLAS — Indigenous to Colorado. Of quite rapid growth and conical form; foliage delicate green, glacuous underneath; hardy and easily grown. YEW, ENGLISH — A large bush or tree, 30 to 40 feet when fully grown. It is densely branched ar.d can be trimmed into any shape. YEW, ERECT ENGLISH — A very fine pyramidal variety of the English Yew, with dark green foliage. Hardy and dense. YEW, T. ELEGANTISSIMA — One of the most valuable golden leaved ever- greens which we have. In June and July the leaves of the new growth are of a bright straw color, rendering the plant highly effective, either by itself or in connection with other conifers. One of the hardiest of the Yews. YEW, IRISH — Of tall, slim growth, and beautiful dark green foliage. It is of great use to planters. As with all Yews, it winters better where shaded from the sun during the cold months of winter. PODOCARPUS. JAPAN YEWS — A peculiar, charming, erect tree from Japan, hardier and denser than the Irish Yew, eminently fitting it for cemetery purposes. UPRIGHT DECIDUOUS SHRUBS . Our shrubs are all strong, well rooted, transplanted stock from open ground. Once carefully planted in suitable positions they increase in size and beauty from year to year, and require but little further care. The time of bloom of the different sorts extends over nearly the whole season, though the greatest show is to be expected in Spring and early Summer. ALTHAEA, (Rose of Sharon.) One of the most showy and beautiful shrubs. Flowers large double, of many brilliant colors. Blooms freely in August and September when few other trees or shrubs are in bloom. ALTHAEA, DOUBLE RED— (A. Rubra flore pleno.) ALTHAEA, DOUBLE PURPLE— (H. Purpurea flore pleno.) ALTHAEA, DOUBLE WHITE— (H. Alba flore pleno.) ALTHAEA, VARIEGATED LEAF— (H. variegatis flore pleno.) ALMOND, DOUBLE-ROSE FLOWERING— A beautiful small shrub bear- ing in May before the leaves appear; small, double, rose-like flowers, closely set upon the twigs. 102 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated ALMOND, DOUBLE flowers in May. WHITE FLOWERING — Produces beautiful white AZALEA, MOLUS— Showy, hardy plants, used extensively in parks and public grounds. The brilliancy of their flowers is not approached by anything in the line of hard shrubs. Excellent for the front of borders or clumps of taller growing shrubs. BARBERRY— Used as hedge plants quite extensively. Their showy orange and yellow flowers in May and June are followed by bright and various cc ored fruits, making them especially showy in autumn and winter. PURPLE-LEAVED— A very handsome shrub growing from 3 to 5 feet high. THUNBERG’S— Dwarf habits; small foliage, changing to red in the fall- very pretty. CALYCANTHUS, SWEET-SCENTED SHRUB OR CAROLINA ALL-SPICE This is very desirable on account of its peculiarity and very pleasing frag- rance of its wood; its foliage is rich and flowers of a rich chocolate color with an agreeable odor. The Calycanthus blossoms in June and at intervals through the summer; very desirable. When full grown 6 to 8 feet. CHERRY, DWARF ROCKY M OU NTAI N-From the mountains of Colo- rado. Hardy as a Wyoming sage-brush. With its deep green willow-like leaves, mass of pure white flowers in spring and a load of fruit in summer, it is well worth cultivation for an ornamental shrub. Makes a bush four or five feet high, usually fruiting in two years, producing large quantities of jet black fruit about the size of English Morello, and ripening after all other cherries are gone. CORCORUS— A graceful, slender shrub, growing 4 to 5 feet high, flower- ing with double yellow flowers from early summer till fall. As pretty as a rose in shape of flower and very ornamental as a plant for lawn. CRAPE MYRTLE— A very beautiful class of shrub. It is to the South what the Lilac and Snowball are to the North being found in nearly every yard. It is a strong grower, reaching a height of 10 to 25 feet; a continuous bloomer during the entire summer; flowers are very pretty, having curiously crimped petals. The normal color pink, but varieties with blush, white and purple are not uncommon. It is a native of Southern Asia, probably from China. Not hardy in the extreme North. CURRANT, CRIMSON FLOWERING— Produces an abundance of crimson flowers in early spring. CURRANT, YELLOW FLOWERING — A native species with yellow' flowers. DEUTZIA. This valuable species of plants comes to us from Japan. Their hardiness, luxuriant foliage and profusion of attractive flowers, renders them deservedly among the most popular of flowering shrubs. The flowers are produced in June, in racemes four to six inches long. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 103 DEUTZIA, ABEL CAR Rl ERE— Bright rose-carmine; a choice sort; one of the best. DEUTZIA, DOUBLE FLOWERING— (D. Crenata flore pleno)— Flowers double; white, tinted with red. One of the most desirable flowering shrubs in cultivation. DEUTZIA, GRACILIS — (Slender Branched) — A very desirable dwarf- growing variety. Flower pure white. A valuable plant for winter blooming. DEUTZIA, LEMOINE’S — (D. Lemoinei) — Single white, a hardy hybrid, partaking to a great extent of the character of Gracilis, but of stronger growth. Good for forcing. DEUTZIA, PRIDE OF ROCHESTER— A new variety said to excel all other in size of the double white flower, length of panicle, profuseness of bloom and vigorous habit. A charming acquisition. DEUTZIA, WATERII — A grand new variety with very large flowers borne in large loose racemes; robust grower and very hardy. DOGWOOD, C. SANGUINEA — One of the finest variegated shrubs; of rapid growth; the leaves are broadly margined with white, bark bright red in winter. ELEAGNUS LONGIPES — A handsome, shapely, silver-leaved shrub, with ornamental reddish brown bark in winter, perfectly hardy and easy to grow. The bright yellow flowers appear in June on long stalks, but the greatest value of the shrub is in the fruit which is produced in great abundance along the -whole length of the branches; oval in shape, and about one-half inch long. Color deep orange red; very showy and attractive. The fruit is not only very ornamental, but has a sprightly, sharp, pleasant flavor and makes a delicious sauce when cooked. Eleagnus is one of the most ornamental of berry-bearing shrubs, and should be largely planted. ELDER, GOLDEN — From Holland. New and rare. When the leaves first appear they are bright green, but if planted where they will have plenty of sun they soon change to a golden green. The blossom, which resembles the common Elder blossoms appears in July. The best effect is produced when they are planted with other shrubs, thus rendering the foliage more conspicu- ous by the contrast. EXOCHORDA, PEARL BUSH— A vigorous growing shrub from China, forming a compact bush 10 to 12 feet high; can be trimmed to any desired shape. The flowers are borne in slender racemes of eight to ten florets each, on light and wiry branches that bend beneath their load of bloom just enough to be graceful. It is perfectly hardy; flowers pure white. Very useful for cut-flowers. FILBERT, PURPLE LEAF — A very conspicuous shrub, with large, dark purple leaves. Soon after the leaves expand they are almost black, but later on fade to a light purple. Valuable for planting in groups of large shrubs, to secure color effect. Distinct and fine. 304 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated FORSYTH IA, GOLDEN BELL— A very singular and quite ornamental shrub. Its branches in the spring, before the leaves appear are covered with bright golden yellow, pendulous flowers. FORSYTH IA FORTUN IT— Similar to the above but of a more upright growth. FORSYTH IA SUSPENSA — (Weeping Forsythia) — Of drooping habit, re- sembling Fortuni in its flowers. HEDYSARUM MULTIJUGUM— Hardy, perennial, of recent introduction, of angular, straggling growth, 2 to 5 feet high, very showy and worthy of general culture; flowers all summer, pea-shaped, violet or purplish majenta, with yellow blotches in racemes, 8 to 10 inches long; leaves oval, grayish- green; fine for rockwork. HONEYSUCKLE, UPRIGHT RED TARTARIAN— A beautiful flowering shrub, blooms early in spring, flowers bright pink. HONEYSUCKLE, UPRIGHT WHITE TARTARIAN— Similar to the pre- ceding, with white flowers. HYDRANGEAS. Beautiful free flowering shrubs, bearing immense panicles or trusses of flowers. Paniculata is perfectly hardy and requires no protection; the other varieties require protection in the winter and should be grown in pots or boxes and wintered in the cellar, except in the warmer sections. HYDRANGEA, OTAKSA — Immense trusses of rose-colored flowers; foliage deep green; a free bloomer; season, July. HYDRANGEA, PANICULATA GRANDIFLORA, or LARGE PANICLE- FLOWERED— A fine shrub, growing from 8 to 10 feet high; flowers produced in great pyramidal panicles a foot long, are at first pure white, then changing to pink. Begins to bloom early in August, continuing several weeks. It is valuable for planting either singly or in beds. Pronounced “decidedly the finest flowering shrub of recent introduction.” While everyone is familiar with the tender Hydrangea, w'hich is common everywhere as a pot plant, yet many are still unaware of the existence of a perfectly hardy variety known as the Hydrangea Paniculata Grandiflora. It is recognized wherever known, in all latitudes, as decidedly the finest acquisition to the list of hardy shrubs made in the past twenty years. It is as hardy as a native oak, and produces at the ends of the branches great masses of flowers, the individual clusters often being nearly a foot in length. HYDRANGEA, THOMAS HOGG — Immense trusses of flowers, at first slightly tinged with green, becoming of the purest white, and remaining so a long time. JUNE BERRY, IMPROVED DWARF— The fruit is borne in clusters, red- dish purple in color, changing to bluish black. In flavor it is mild, rich, sub- acid, excellent as a desert fruit or canned. It is extremely hardy. In habit it is similar to the currant, the bush attaining the same size. The blossoms are quite large and composed of fine, white petals which, with its bright, DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 105 glossy, dark green foliage, renders it one of the handsomest of ornamental shrubs. HYDRANGEA PANICULATA GRANDIFLORA LILAC. Well-known shrubs, succeeds everywhere. Few are aware of the wonder- ful improvement in the past few years. We offer a choice selection of the best new double varieties, remarkable for their large tresses and beautiful flowers. Should be in every collection. LILAC, COMMON PURPLE— (S. Vulgaris) — The well-known sort. LILAC, BELLE de NANCY — (Double)— Very large, brilliant, satiny rose; white toward center; very fine. LILAC COMMON WHITE— S. (Vulgaris Alba.) LILAC, FRAU DAMMANN — This produces the largest clusters of the white lilacs, of the common species known in cultivation, and also the purest white. Highly desirable. 106 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated LILAC, JAPONICA — (Tree Lilac) — A new species from Japan that makes a tree 20 to 25 feet high. The foliage is large, very dark green, glossy and leathery. Flowers white, in immense clusters, that stand up erect above the foliage on stout stems. It flowers about a month later than the common sorts. LILAC, MADAM LUDWIG SPAETH — Panicle long; individual flowers large, single; dark purplish red; distinct; superb. The finest of its color. LILAC, MADAME ABEL CHATENAY— (Double)— Large panicle; double white, very fine. LILAC, PRESIDENT GREVY — A beautiful blue; individual flowers very double and very large, measuring three-quarters of an inch in diameter; the panicle is magnificent and measures eleven inches in length and five inches across. One of the finest lilacs. LILAC, SENATEUR VOLLAND — (Double) — Flowers rosy red. LILAC, PERSIAN — Medium size, with small leaves and bright purple flowers. LILAC, WHITE PERSIAN — A fine sort, with flowers delicately tinged with rose color. LILAC, JOSIKAEA — From Transylvania. A fine distinct specimen of tree- like growth, with dark, shining leaves and purple flowers in June, after the other lilacs have done. PRIVET. The privet in all its varieties deserve attention as an ornamental plant. It is almost an evergreen, and grows freely in all soils; is compact and regu- lar in its form, and bears shearing to any extent. The flowers appear in June and July. Makes fine ornamental single specimens and one of the most desirable hedge plants; compact, free grower. PRIVET, COMMON — An English shrub with smooth dark green leaves; showy white flowers, fruit purple, hardy. PRIVET, CALIFORNIA — A vigorous growing variety, of fine habit, thick, glossy, nearly evergreen leaves. Of all ornamental hedge plants this is the most highly prized. If cut to the ground one or two years after planting it makes a very thick hedge right from the bottom, sending up many strong shoots. The leaves are a rich green, and will remain on the plant up to Christmas, and if they are little sheltered they will keep green almost all winter. This is especially the case if the hedge has attained some age and has frequently been trimmed. Though it is a strong grower it can be kept to a low size by frequent trimming. QUINCE, JAPAN. There are several flowering varieties, differing only in their color. Al- though of straggling growth, they can be produced to desirable shape without injury. Their large brilliant blossoms appear early in the spring in great profusion. Foliage bright green and glossy all through the summer. It is DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 107 sufficiently thorny and strong to make a valuable hedge, and its beautiful flowers make it very handsome for that purpose. QUINCE, SCARLET — One of the best known; a very handsome, hardy, ornamental shrub. Has bright scarlet-crimson flowers in great profusion, early in spring; one of the best hardy shrubs; makes a beautiful ornamental hedge. QUINCE, BLUSH — A beautiful variety with white and blush flowers. SCOTCH BROOM — The branches, almost rush-like in appearance, bearing lovely yellow flowers. SILVER BELL, OR SNOW DROP TREE— A fine large shrub, with beau- tiful large white, bell-shaped flowers in May. Rare and desirable. SNOWBALL, COMMON — A well-known favorite shrub of large size, with globular clusters of pure white flowers in the latter part of May. SNOWBALL, OPULUS — (High Bush Cranberry) — Handsome and dense foliage; flowers white in drooping flat cymes followed by brilliant scarlet fruit in showy pendulous branches that remain on the plant all winter. SNOWBALL, PLICATUM — (Japan Snowball) — This Japanese variety of the old fashioned Snowball is one of the most valuable of our hardy shrubs. It forms an erect, compact shrub, six to eight feet high ; blossoms in June and for a long time is a solid mass of white, the plants being completely covered from the ground to the top of the branches with large balls of flowers as white as snow. The foliage in early summer is an olive green, turning to very dark later in the season. SNOWBERRY, VULGARIS — (Indian Currant Coral Berry, St. Peter’s Wort or Wax berry) — Graceful small shrub; small flowers, followed by persistent deep red berries along the under side of branches. SNOWBERRY, RACEMOSUS — A well known shrub with pink flow rs and large white berries that remain on the plant throughout part of the winter. SPIREA. Graceful shrubs, everyone should plant. They are of easiest culture, and very desirable in collections, for they embrace such a range of foliage color of flower and habit of growth. SPIREA, ANTHONY WATERER — In our estimation one of the best flow- ering hardy plants. Makes a dwarf bush 15 to 18 inches high, covered from spring till late in the fall with large heads of crimson flowers. Perfectly hardy. Grand for border to taller growing shrubs, single specimen plants for the lawn or for winter and spring blooming in pots. SPIREA, AUREA — (Gold Leaved) — Flowers fine, white; foliage of a beau- tiful golden color, which gives variety to the lawn and renders it very de- sirable. SPIREA, CALLOSA ALBA — A white flowering variety of dwarf habit; \ery fine; remains in flower all summer. 108 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated SPIREA, PRUNIFOLIA — (Plum Leaved Spirea) — Blooms in May with pure white double flowers. Makes showy specimen plants for lawn. SPIREA, THUNBERGII — One of the first shrubs to flower in the spring. Forms a perfect, well-rounded bush, dwarf and compact. A perfect ball of white when in bloom. SPIREA, VAN HOUTTE — The grandest of all the Spireas; it is a beauti- ful ornament for the lawn at any season, but when in flower it is a complete fountain of white bloom, the foliage hardly showing. ST. JOHN’S WORT, MOSERIANUM — A grand variety with bright golden yellow flowers two inches in diameter. A continuous bloomer. SUMACH or SMOKE TREE, SHINING SUMACH — Noted for its lustrous green leaves which are crimson in autumn, and its scarlet heads of seeds. SYRINGA, or MOCK ORANGE — All the species and varieties of the syringa philadelphus have white flowers, many of them quite fragrant. SYRINGA, GARLAND — A well known shrub, pure white sweet-scented flowers. SYRINGA, GOLDEN-LEAVED — A very pretty plant of medium size with golden yellow foliage. It retains its color the entire season, and is valuable for creating pleasing and striking contrasts with both green and purple- leaved shrubs. SYRINGA, LEMOINEL ERECTA — A shrub of comparatively recent intro- duction, and one that you cannot afford to be without. It is dwarf in growth very compact and shapely, producing flowers from the ground to tip of branches. Flowers creamy white, very fragrant, making it one of the finest hardy shrubs for massing or individual specimen plants. SYRRINGA, VAN HOUTTE’S — Red; one of the best red varieties. TAMARIX, AFRICAN — A very beautiful shrub, with very fine, feathery foliage, something like the Juniper; this sort has light pink flowers in small racemes, which appear toward the close of May or first of June; a valuable shrub for near sea shore or in sandy soils, where others do not do well. VERBENA SHRUB, OR BLUE SPIREA — A new shrub, which is planted because of its blossoming late in the fall, when but few shrubs are flowering. In the axil of each leaf-stalk is a bunch of bright-blue flowers. It continues in flower from the middle of September to the middle of October. An entire bed of this plant produces a striking effect; 2 to 3 feet high when grown. A valuable plant for bedding. WEIGELA. A valuable class of Japanese shrubs, adapted to any good soil. The flow- ers are large trumpet-shaped, of all shades and colors, from pure white to red and are borne in great profusion. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 109 WEIGELA, CANDIDA — A vigorous, erect grower; flowers pure white, borne all through the summer months. One of the most free-blooming of all Weigela’s. WEIGELA, ROSEA — A beautiful shrub with rose-colored flowers in May and June. WEIGELA, VARIEGATED-LEAVED— A neat, dwarf shrub, valuable for the clearly defined variegation of green and silvery white in its leaves; flowers nearly white. It stands the sun well, and is one of the best dwarf variegated-leaved shrubs. HEDGE PLANTS. Ornamental Hedges, for fences, screens, windbreaks or boundaries. AMERICAN ARBOR VITAE, SIBERIAN ARBOR VITAE, NORWAY SPRUCE, HONEY LOCUST, JAPAN QUINCE, All described in appropriate places mental hedges. BARBERRY, BOX, LAURUSTINUS, PRIVET, EUONYMUS, in this catalogue make beautiful orna- DEFENSIVE HEDGES — Honey Locust, Osage Orange. EVERGREEN SHRUBS . ASHBERRY, HOLLY LEAVED — A beautiful shrub with smooth, shining leaves, covered with bright yellow flowers in spring, and a profusion of blue berries in Autumn. AUCUBA, JAPONICA, GOLD DUST TREE — A small, beautiful shrub, with curios gold blotched leaves; needs protection in winter. AUCUBA, JAPONICA, MACULA MASCULATA— Leaves long and narrow, irregularly toothed; color deep green. AUCUBA JAPONICA, MASCULATA — A desirable variety with deep green, lance-shaped leaves. BOX, DWARF — Used principally for borders and edging, for w^hich pur- pose it is the best plant in cultivation. BOX, TREE — A very desirable small tree in the yard or garden, well adapted to small places, prefers a shady situation; it can be made to assume any form. BOX VARIEGATED — A variety of tree box, forming a beautiful small bush, blotched with white. EUONYMUS — (Spindel Tree, Strawberry Tree or burning bush.) no ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated EUONYMUS JAPONICA — A neat trailing variety, with small, glossy green leaves broadly margined with white. Valuable for rock work or borders of beds; also for vases or baskets. This variety is hardy in the north. HOLLY, AMERICAN — Deep green glossy leaves with scattered spiny teeth; bright red berries. HOLLY, ENGLISH — A small tree with shining, dark green thorny leaves, somewhat resembling the oak in form. In winter the tree is covered with bright red berries. HOLLY, GOLDEN VARIEGATED — Leaves having a large blotch of creamy-yellow, surrounded by a green border. LAURUSTINUS — A well known winter flowering shrub of great beauty, producing an abundance of white flowers; well adapted for hedges. LAURUSTINUS, ROTUNDIFOLIA — Far superior to the common variety; leaves rounded, deep glossy green. Flowers much larger than the above. Better adapted to this valley; never sun-scalds. LAURUSTINUS, VARIEGATA — Leaves blotched with silvery white. Very fine. MOUNTAIN OR AMERICAN LAUREL, OR CALICO BUSH— Broad, glossy green, shining foliage, flowers in large and showy clusters of elegant shape, and most beautiful color, mostly pink or white. Few broad-leaved Ever- greens are as beautiful in foliage and none can excel the beauty and deli- cate form of its flowers. Requires about the same treatment as the Rhodod- endron. RHODODENDRON, OR ROSEBAY — This, wherever known, is universally acknowledged to be the most showy, magnificent, hardy evergreen shrub that grows. It will thrive in any good soil without any special preparation, and in the full blaze of the sun. But it is more luxuriant in good, well pre- pared soil of leaf mould, or leaf mould and muck and peat mixed, and in par- tial shade, and does especially well near seacoast. It is abundantly supplied with numerous fibrous roots that retain a quantity of earth in lifting so that it can safely be removed at any season of the year, except the short period of their rapid growth, covering a period of June and July. The broad, thick evergreen foliage, with its glossy richness, would alone entitle it to a place foremost in the rank of evergreen shrubs, but when in June this mass of lux- uriant foliage is almost hidden by the magnificent array of beautiful flowers in clusters and each cluster large enough for a lady boquet, it gives it a pre- eminence that our pen -would fail to portray. Planted singly, in the flower garden or upon the lawn, they are objects of interest, but their greatest beauty, as in many other plants, can only be fully developed by artistically massing them in beds upon the lawn, when the different varieties of white, purple, blue, cherry, lilac, mauve and crimson can be made to blend or con- trast at will, producing an effect unrivalled by any other hardy plant in ex- istence. We have a considerable list of the hardy grafted varieties that are of higher price and much more desirable than the seedlings of the Cataw- DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 111 biense, as they compass in the different sorts the entire range of colors, and each in itself distinct and definite, while the seedlings as a rule, vary but little from the original type. When soils are too strongly impregnated with lime, the original soil should be removed to a good depth and width where the Rhododendrons are to be planted and the space filled in with leaf mould and peat or muck mixed or some other soil tolerably free from lime. They will re- ^ay all care that may be bestowed in preparing a bed suitable to their wants YUCCA. (Spanish Bayonet or Adam’s Needle). Has a fine appearance; the stem is two feet above the ground, covered with large, bell shaped flower or later- als, forming a perfect pyramid; valuable for rockwork. We list two varieties. YUCCA ALOEFOLIA — Slender simple trunk; dagger shaped leaves one to two inches wide; very stiff; flower white, often tinged with green or purple; panicle compact, close to leaves. YUCCA FILAMENTOSA — The well known garden variety, thread leaved, creamy white; two to four feet. The best known and most largely planted of the Yuccas. July. CLIMBING AND TRAILING PLANTS. AKEBIA QUINATA — A perfectly hardy, fast growing Japan vine, with magnificent foliage, producing flowers in large clusters, of chocolate purple color, possessing a most delicious perfume; unsurpassed for covering trellises and verandas, the foliage never being attacked by insects. AMPELOPSiS, QUINQUEFOLA (Virginia Creeper) — The common Ameri- can ivy, with large, luxuriant foliage, which in Autumn assumes the most gorgeous and magnificent color. One of the finest vines for covering walls or verandas. AMPELOPSIS VEITCHII — (Boston Ivy, Japan Ivy) — This is the hand- somest creeper so generally used for covering brick, stone and wooden walls. When once established the vine grows very rapidly and clings to the walls with the greatest tenacity. The leaves are of a shining, glossy green, taking on beautiful Autumn coloring. Flowers small, followed by dense clusters of deep blue berries. BIGNONIA, OR TRUMPET FLOWER, RADICANS — A splendid climber, vigorous and hardy with clusters of large trumpet-shaped scarlet flowers in August. BIGNONIA, OR TRUMPET FLOWER, GRANDIFLORA— New. Leaves thick and shining, and immense blossoms of gorgeous crimson and yellow. CINNAMON VINE — A fine hardy climber, and well known in some parts of the country as Chinese Yam. These tubers grow very large, and are edible .112 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated like a sweet potato. The vine is a beautiful rapid grower, producing sweet- scented flowers. DUTCHMAN’S PIPE — A magnificent hardy vine of rapid growth, with very large heart-shaped leaves and brownish flowers, resembling a miniature pipe; splendid for archways or verandas. HONEYSUCKLE. HONEYSUCKLE, CHINESE TWINING — A well known vine, holding its foliage nearly all winter. Blooms in July and September and is very sweet. HONEYSUCKLE, COMMON WOODBINE — A strong, rapid grower with very showy flowers, red outside, buff within. June and July. HONEYSUCKLE, HALL’S JAPAN — A strong, vigorous evergreen variety, with pure white flowers, changing to yellow. Very fragrant, covered with flowers from June to November. HONEYSUCKLE, JAPAN GOLD-LEAVED — A handsome variety having foliage beautifully netted or variegated with yellow. Flowers yellow and fragrant. HONEYSUCKLE, MONTHLY FRAGRANT— Blossoms all summer. Flow- ers red and yellow. Very sweet. Rapid grower. HONEYSUCKLE, SCARLET TRUMPET— A strong grower and produces bright scarlet, unodorous, flowers all summer. IVY. Evergreen Ivies often suffer in winter if exposed to the sun, and should therefore be planted on the north side of a wall or building. IVY, ENGLISH — A well known old and popular sort. IVY, VARIEGATED-LEAVED — With smaller leaves than the preceding, variegated with white. IVY, IRISH — -The well known old sort. JASMINE. JASMINE, HARDY YELLOW — Bright yellow fragrant blossoms. JASMINE, HARDY WHITE — Very sweet-scented and highly desirable. CHINESE MATRIMONY VINE — A neat, half-climbing plant, bearing small, light pink flowers in summer, followed by berries which turn to a beautiful scarlet in the fall, when it is very ornamental. SILVERY SWEET VINE — A new, hardy climber, from Japan, of remark- able beauty. The foliage on the ends of the flowering shoots is of a glisten- ing silvery white color, giving the whole vine, from a little distance, the ap- pearance of being covered with large white flowers blooming among its DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 113 bright green leaves. The effect is very marked and beautiful. The flowers, which appear in this latitude about the middle of June, lasting from two to three weeks, are creamy white with purple centers in color with numerous stamens with bright yellow anthers, and remarkable sweet, resembling the Lily of the Valley in fragrance. CHINESE WISTARIA WISTARIA. WISTARIA, CHINESE PURPLE— A most beautiful climber of rapid growth, and producing long, pendulous clusters of pale blue flowers. When well established makes an enormous growth; it is very hardy and of the most superb vines ever introduced. WISTARIA, CHINESE WHITE — Introduced by Mr. Fortune from China and regarded as one of the greatest acquisitions. Rather tender. CLEMATIS, OR VIRGIN BOWER. A beautiful class of climbers, many of the varieties with flowers five to seven inches in diameter. Excellent for pillars or trellises; or when used for bedding, running over rock work or an old tree stump they make an excellent show. They delight in a rich soil, a sunny situation, and are perfectly hardy. ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated 1 14 CLEMATIS, COCCINEA— (The Scarlet Clematis) — The vines aitain a height of from 10 to 12 feet, beginning to flower in June and continuing until frost, single vines have from 20 to 30 flowers on each, and frequently as many as ten vines will start from one crown each season. The flowers are bell shaped; in color a rich, deep coral scarlet, shining as if polished, and lasting a long time when cut. CLEMATIS, DUCHESS OF EDINBURG— A free flowering double white variety with medium sized flowers. CLEMATIS, HENRYI — Fine, large creamy white flowers. A strong grower and very hardy, one of the best of the white varieties; a perpetual bloomer. CLEMATIS, JACKMANI — The flowers, when fully expanded, are from four to six inches in diameter; intense violet purple, with a rich velvety ap- pearance, distinctly veined. It flowers continually from July until cut off by frost. HARDY PERPETUAL CLEMATIS CLEMATIS, JACKMANI ALBA — A strong, vigorous grower, perfectly hardy, and a most prolific bloomer; fine, large, pure white flowers. CLEMATIS MAD. ED. ANDRE — This is the nearest approach to a bright red clematis and has been called the Crimson Jackmani. The plant is a strong, vigorous grower and very free in bloom. Color a distinct crimson red; a very pleasing shade and entirely distinct from all other varieties. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 115 CLEMATIS PANICULATA— (New Sweet-Scented Japan Clematis)— No introduction of recent years has met with such ready sale and given so per- fect satisfaction wherever planted. It grows and thrives anywhere and is a very rapid grower and profuse bloomer. The flowers are pure white, borne in large clusters, converting the plant into a perfect mass of white. It's ex- treme hardiness, bright green foliage and delightfully fragrant flowers serve to make this one of the finest hardy climbing plants in cultivation. CLEMATIS RAMONA — A strong, rampant grower, and very hardy. A free and perpetual bloomer. Flowers large; color a deep sky blue. CLEMATIS, VITICELLA KERMISINUS — A splendid variety of the utmost profusion of bloom; flowers of medium size and of bright wine-red color, without a touch of purple. A strong, free grower. ORNAMENTAL GRASSES. PAMPAS GRASS — -(Gynerium digertium) — Half hardy perennial, a native of South America. Very beautiful. Roots require winter protection. ELEGANS — (G. Elegans) — Plumes silvery white, upon very long stems; blooms early. A graceful new variety that is bound to become popular. The large plumes when dried make a splendid addition to a boquet of dried grasses. BURBANK’S NEW DWARF PAMPAS GRASS— (G. Jubatum l— Which produces a great abundance of large, feathery, light violet purple plumes, which appear months before those of the old kinds and stand well above the broad recurving foliage; very attractive. EULALIA. JAPONICA ZEBR1NA — One of the most striking and distinct plants. Un- like most plants of variegated foliage, the striping or marking is across the leaves instead of longitudinally, the leaves being striped every 2 or 3 inches by a band of yellow one-half inch wide. BULBOUS AND TUBEROUS ROOTED PLANTS. PAEONIAS HERBACEOUS — This splendid class contains the largest, most showy and attractive flowers in cultivation, almost rivaling the rose in color and blossom, and it is to be regretted that they have been so much neg- lected. They are of stately growth, very hardy, and delightful when in bloom. At the present time the public is beginning to appreciate the many fine varie- ties of recent introduction, ranging from pure white througn the different shades of pink, rose, variegated, purple, white, etc. They increase in beauty with age, and may be planted in almost any situation. We recommend fall planting. They succeed best in rich soil and will be benefitted by a mulch of rotten manure during the winter which may be lightly spaded into the 116 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated soil in the spring. Many of them are very double and have delicate and re- freshing fragrance. They are easily cultivated and require but little protec- tion. Blossoms from four to eight inches in diameter. Foliage rich, glossy, deep green color. PAEONIA MOUTAN — (Tree Paeonia) — Handsome flowering shrub, at- taining a height of 4 to 6 feet with proper care. The flowers are remarkably striking, of gorgeous colors and enormous in size, often six to eight inches across. Very effective among shrubs or in borders. PAEONIA BANKSII — Rosy blush, very large, fragrant flowers. One of the best. AMARYLLIS — A beautiful class of plants with large, drooping, bell-shaped, lily-like flowers, varying in color from the richest crimson to pure white striped with crimson or scarlet. CALADIUM, ESCULENTUM, ELEPHANT’S EAR— For obtaining tropical effects in lawn and garden planting, this beautiful plant takes a prominent place. Grows well in any garden soil, but should have plenty of water and good, rich soil to obtain best results. When at its best stands C to 7 feet high with bright green leaves three to four feet long and two and one-half feet wide. CALADIUM, FANCY-LEAVED — A class of beautiful variegated foliage plants excellent for house culture and open ground. They delight in a shady and moist place. The bulbs should be started into growth about the iirst of April and dried off in October and kept in a warm and dry place until spring again. These are excellent for window boxes, vases, or single pot plants, and succeed equally well in a somewhat shady situation out of doors. CANNA. CANNA, INDIAN SHOT PLANT — Stately and highly ornamental plants, for both flowers and foliage. They attain a height of 2 to 5 feet and may be grown singly, or in masses. Leaves green or brownish red; flowers scarlet, crimson, yellow, cream, etc., variously marked. CANNA, NEW LARGE FLOWERING FRENCH AND AMERICAN— Not SO tall as the old fashioned sorts, but with flowers of great beauty; everywhere popular. These seedlings vary in color, ranging through all shades of yellow and orange to richest crimson, scarlet and vermillion. Some are plain and some are spotted. CROCUS — A universal favorite and one of the earliest garden ornaments; should be planted about two inches deep. Color, blue, white, yellow, and striped. DAHLIAS — There is nothing that with the same amount of money invest- ed, will give more show of flowers than Dahlias. We offer dry bulbs or tub ers. Especially fine for borders. Large assortment of colors. GLADIOLUS — The Gladiolus is the most attractive of all the summer flowering bulbs, and deserves a place in every garden, as it is sure to flower DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 117 and do well with little care. Set the bulbs from six to nine inches apart and about four inches deep. Plant from middle of March to first of June. It is a good way to plant two or three different times, ten days or two weeks apart. This will give a succession of blooms from July to November. • HYACINTHS — The most beautiful and fragrant of early spring flowering bulb much used for winter forcing. Too well known to need description. • Large assortment of colors and varieties. IRIS, GERMAN ICA — (German Iris) — The true “Fleur de Lis,” the nation- al flower of France. They are perfectly hardy, thrive anywhere, grow and blossom luxuriantly, particularly if plentifully supplied with water or if plant- ed in moist situations, as on banks of ponds, etc. Plants well established produce from 50 to 100 spikes of bloom, deliciously fragrant and fine for cut- ting. In beauty the flowers rival the finest Orchids, color ranging through richest yellows, intense purples, delicate blues, soft mauves, beautiful claret reds, white, primrose and bronzes of every imaginable shade. IRIS, KAEMPFERII — (Japan Iris) — Finest of the Iris family. The flowers are of immense size, from 6 to 8 inches in diameter, and one of the most beau- tiful and delicate shades. They are perfectly hardy and flowers in great pro- fusion during June and July. A well established plant gives a dozen or more flower stalks 2 to 3 feet high, each stalk producing two to four enormous blooms. The Iris thrives best if planted in a moist soil ; if this cannot be had, it should be plentifully supplied with water while growing and flowering. JONQUILS — (Narcissus Jonquils) — Pretty varieties of the Narcissus hav- ing a very agreeable fragrance; adapted to either pots or outdoor culture. The bulbs being small, six or eight may be put in a six inch pot. LILY-OF-THE-VALLEY — The Lily of the Valley is as hardy as any plant can possibly be and when planted in open ground will increase pretty rapidly. For the house we have what are called "pips” — young roots with flowering stems, that will bloom in a few weeks after planting, and will flower well in baskets of damp moss, or potted. For the garden we can ship either in the spring or in the autumn. LILIES.— LILIUM. No class of plants capable of being cultivated out of doors possesses so many charms; rich and varied in color, stately and handsome in habit, pro- fuse in variety, and of delicious fragrance, they stand prominently out from all other hardy plants. They thrive best in a dry, rich soil well drained, where water will not stand in winter. After planting they require very little care and should not be disturbed for several years, established plants bloom more freely than if taken up annually. AURATUM — (Gold Banded Lily of Japan) — Flowers very large, of a deli- cate ivory color, thickly dotted with rich chocolate crimson spots, with a bright golden band through the center of each petal. The finest of all lilies. HARISII — (The Bermuda Easter Lily) — Flowers large, trumpet-shaped, pure wax white, gracefully formed and delightfully fragrant. The ease with 118 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated which it can be forced into flower in winter has made it wonderfully popular as a winter flower. Tens of thousands of it are grown every year for church decorations at Easter. LONGIFLORUM — A well known beautiful variety, with snowy white trum pet shaped flowers that are very fragrant. It is quite hardy and blooms freely in the open ground in June and July. It is also used largely for forcing for the Easter holidays; the flowers have more substance and last longer than the Bermuda Lily. TIGRINUM FL. PL. — (Double Tiger Lily) — Bright orange scarlet with dark spots; a very strong growing showy variety, and entirely hardy. Suc- ceeds well everywhere. SPECIOSUM RUBRUM — White, beautifully spotted red; flowers in Aug- ust. This is one of the most useful of the Lily family, perfectly hardy, and flowering well under all circumstances. SPECIOSUM ALBUM — Very fragrant large flowers, pure white with a green band running through the center of each petal. One of the best. NARCISSUS — (Narcissus) — We have a choice collection of these fragrant winter blooming plants. TIGRIDIA — One of the most showy of all summer bulbs, and blooms from mid-summer until frost, growing three feet high, . with large wide-open tri- angular blooms, 4 to 6 inches across. The colors and markings are very brilliant and peculiarly odd and attractive, and clumps of them in the border have a most gorgeous effect. It is difficult to name a flower of such unique and exquisite beauty as a Tigridia, the superb spotting being so self-like and handsome. They are easily grown and always more than satisfactory. TUBEROSE — (Polianthes Tuberose) — These deliciously fragrant plants should be in every garden. This valley is particularly adapted to their suc- cessful culture. TULIPS — (Tulip) — Owing to the late spring frosts in the colder sections, bedding plants cannot safely be planted in such localities before the early spring-flowering bulbs are through blooming. Without these bulbs, for one or two months of beautiful spring weather, our gardens would present a bare appearance. We know of nothing that for the money invested will give a more gorgeous show during early spring and there is nothing more easily grown than the Tulip. They thrive well in almost any soil. Should be planted in October or November. ROSES . Very great progress has been made in the last few years in rose culture, and the best list of roses today would not contain many varieties that were the best a few seasons ago. From the ends of the earth new varieties and new species are gathered, new hybrids are produced and new seedlings are DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 119 grown from which careful selections are made, and it is truly wonderful whac the results have been up to date. About all that is desirable in the rose ha> been obtained in color, size, fragrance and hardiness. As roses are raised mostly for their flowers, it is necessary to give the culture to the plant best adapted to produce this result. A very rich soil is of the first importance, and it must be made so by thoroughly working into it plenty of old decomposed stable manure in which leaf mould has been de- composed. The location should be out in the broad sunlight, and the subsoil should be thoroughly underdrained. Hardy sorts of roses may be planted in the fall or spring. All roses should be severely cut back at the time of planting. Hybrid Perpetual Roses may be cut back immediately after flowering to insure a new growth and increased bloom the same season. WINTER PROTECTION. ■ All roses in the colder sections will give better results if protected in the winter. The best way is to cover the plants with dry leaves, kept down by evergreen boughs, all of which should be removed in the early spring. INSECT REMEDIES. For any insect that eats the foliage, a dusting of the damp leaves with white hellebore will be safe and sufficient. For thrips and aphisides, spraying or wash of whale-oil soap will be ef- fective. If mildew appears, sprinkle the moist leaves with dry powdered sulphur, or sprinkle with sulphide of potassium (liver or sulphur) dissolved in water. A cubic inch to a gallon of water. The roses we offer are not the little soft plants, grown as small as possi- ble so as to send by United States mail, but strong, good, well rooted two- >ear plants, 18 to 30 inches high. No statement is needed to convince plant- ers which are best. HYBRID PERPETUAL ROSES. ALFRED COLOMB — Bright carmine crimson; very large, full and of the globular form. AMERICAN BEAUTY — This variety has rightly been described an ever- blooming Hybrid perpetual. The flowers are very large, of beautiful form and very double; color a deep rich rose. The fragrance is delightful, resem- bling LaFrance or old-fashioned Damask. ANNE DE DIESBACH — (Glory of France) — Raised from La Reine; color a beautiful shade of carmine; flower large and fragrant. A superior garden sort. BARONESS ROTHSCHILD — One of the old standard, highly prized sorts. Flowers are of immense size, splendid form, exquisite pink color, delicate per- fume. BLACK PRINCE — Deep dark crimson, richly shaded; very globular; good. 120 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated AMERICAN BEAUTY BURBANK — (A perfectly hardy. New Everblooming Bourbon Rose) — This lovely rose was raised by Mr. Luther Burbank, of California, known the world over as the “Wizard of Horticulture.” The color is described as cherry crim- son — it is, in other words, the very deepest and brightest pink rose in cultiva- tion. It is peculiarly adapted for both outdoor planting or blooming in pots in the house during the winter. The Burbank Rose is perfectly hardy and will stand our most severe weather. The Burbank is without doubt, the freest-flowering Hybrid rose in cultivation. It commences to bloom when on- ly a few inches high, and blooms throughout the season until stopped by freez- ing weather. The flowers are double, three inches across. The whole flower is most pleasing in its rich beauty and is delightfully fragrant. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 121 CAPTAIN CHRISTY— A lovely rose, blooming almost the entire season; very large double buds of a deep color; strong grower and grand foliage; very beautiful and valuable. CLIO— The finest flesh-colored Hybrid Perpetual. The flowers are sim- ply perfection in form, with fine, broad petals and are beautiful at all stages of development, from the small bud to the full open flower; color delicate satin blush, with a light shading of rose pink at the center; very free bloom- ing and strong, healthy grower. COQUETTE des ALPS — One of the finest pure white Hybrid Perpetuals; large, full; finely formed flower; color pure w'hite; sometimes faintly tinged with pale blush; profuse bloomer; very hardy and beautiful. COQUETTE des BLANCHES — (Sometimes called Ball of Snow) — Pure snowy white, sometimes faintly tinged with pale rose; blooms in large clust- ers; flowers medium size; full and pretty; slightly fragrant; blooms the first, year and all through the season. EARL OF DUFFERIN— Fine velvety crimson, beautifully shaded with dark rich maroon; very large; full and fragrant; hardy and free. FISHER HOLMES — Shaded crimson scarlet; large, globular, with pointed center; vigorous and free flowering. GENERAL JACQUEMINOT — Bright shining crimson; very rich and vel- \ety; exceedingly brilliant and handsome; makes magnificent buds, and is highly esteemed as one of the best and most desirable for open ground, and also for forcing. GENERAL WASHINGTON — This splendid rose is one of the best hardy perpetuals for general planting; color bright shining crimson; very rich and beautiful; flowers are large and perfectly double; blooms first season and constantly. GIANT OF BATTLES— Very deep brilliant crimson center; dwarf habit; free bloomer, and one of the very best. GLOIRE de MARGOTTIN — Rich, dazzling crimson; makes beautiful, long pointed buds; flowers when open, large and of good shape; a vigorous grower and remarkably free flowering. GLOIRE LYONNAISE— A grand rose. Color a pale shade of chamois or salmon yellow, deepest at the center, and sometimes passing to rich creamy white, finely tinted with orange and fawn; flowers have all the beauty of Tea Roses and are very fragrant. HARRISON’S YELLOW — Golden yellow, medium size semi-double. A freer bloomer than Persian. HER MAJESTY— Originated in England, and named in honor of the Queen ; it is one of the largest and most beautiful hybrid perpetual roses ever grown; blooms large and perfectly double; the color is a lovely pink. ) 122 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated JOHN HOPPER — Flowers large; very regular and full; color a brilliant rose; very sweet. JUBILEE — In this rose we have a grand addition to the list of dark col- ored Hybrid Perpetuals. It has been thoroughly tested and found to possess most excellent qualities. Of vigorous growth, yet short jointed and compact it takes a place in the front ranks of hardy roses. JULES MARGOTTIN — Bright cherry red; large, well formed; fragrant flowers. LA REINE — Bright rosy pink; very large, double and sweet, one of the best. LOUIS VAN HOUTTE — Rich crimson, heavily shaded with maroon; a beautifully formed double flower. MABEL MORRISON — A sport from Baroness Rothschild. Flesh white, changing to pure white; in the autumn tinged with rose; double, cup-shaped flowers, freely produced. In all save substance of petal and color, this variety is identical with Baroness Rothschild. MADAME PLANTIER — Pure white; above medium size; produced in great abundance early in the season. One of the best hardy white roses. MAGNA CHART A— Splendid sort; bright clear pink; flushed with violet crimson; very sweet; flowers extra large; fine form; very double and full; a free bloomer. MARCHIONESS OF LONDONDERRY— One of the late introductions of the Messrs. Dickson & Sons, of Newtonards, Ireland. Flowers of great size, measuring five inches across; perfectly formed and carried on stout stems, color ivory white; petals of great substance; shell-shaped and reflexed; free flowering; highly perfumed; growth vigorous and foliage very handsome; undoubtedly one of the finest roses raised by this firm; awarded the gold medal of the National Rose Society of England. MARGARET DICKSON — Beyond question the finest white Hybrid Perpet- ual rose yet introduced. Wherever exhibited it has received first honors. The flower is of magnificent form, very large in size, almost as large as Paul Neyron, the largest of roses; the color is a pure waxy white, without spot or blemish; petals are very large, well shaped and of great substance; they are prettily curled back or reflexed giving the flower inimitable grace and charm. The buds are large and globular, particularly handsome. It is a strong, vigorous grower, with fine foliage, a free bloomer, and indeed it is a remakably fine rose. Should be included in every order. MARSHALL P. WILDER — Flowers are large, semi-globular, full and of good substance; color bright, scarlety crimson, richly shaded with maroon; very fragrant; should be planted more generally, as its ease of growth, free- dom of bloom and fine flowers make it a most desirable rose. MRS. JOHN LAING — A splendid rose; color clear bright pink, exquisitely shaded; the buds are long and pointed; the flowers extra large and full, borne on long stems and exceedingly sweet. descriptive catalogue 123 flowers' L NEYR0N_Deep rose color : splendid foliage and habit, with large PERSIAN YELLOW— Bright yellow, small, nearly full. It is desirable to grow more than one plant, and by pruning one this year in the usual way, and the other plant next year, annual crops of flowers may be had. PRINCE CAMILLE DE ROHAN OR LA ROSIER— Very dark crimson; one of the best dark roses; unexcelled In every respect. SOLEIL D’OR— New hardy yellow rose. The goal for which many of the world’s greatest hybridizers have been striving has at last been reached and we have a double flowering Yellow Rose, hardy enough to withstand the win- aters of the Northern States. Has blossomed all summer on the coast. Soleil D’Or is the result of a cross between Persian Yellow and Antoine Dutch- er, retaining many of the characteristics of Persian Yellow, the bark being much the same and foliage resembling that of its parent but produced more plentifully, while in growth it is more branching and more vigorous. The flower is perfection in form with conical buds, expanding into a large and full globular flower, with incurved inner petals. The buds are a marvelous shade of rich chrome yellow with just a tinge of coppery rose in the center. The fully expanded flower is beautiful in its blending of orange yellow, red- dish and golden nasturtium red, forming a coloring impossible to satisfactor- ily describe. This grand seedling has been shown at all the large Rose exhi- bitions in Europe and has received the highest awards possible to grant at every display. 124 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated ULRICK BRUNNER— Splendid upright grower, with bright healthy foliage. The flowers are good sized, and of fine form, with well-shaped petals. One of the most abundant bloomers; color, cherry red. VICK’S CAPRICE — Flowers large, slightly cup-shaped; petals are thick clear, satiny-pink, distinctly striped and dashed with white and bright car- mine; makes lovely elegant shaped buds, which show the stripes and marks to great advantage. HARDY CLIMBING ROSES. BALTIMORE BELLE — Pale blush, nearly white; the best white climbing rose of its class. CHEROKEE SINGLE — A distinct and beautiful climbing rose of rare mer- it. A most vigorous and clean grower, entirely free from disease. Flowers large, clear white and single, full of bright yellow stamens in the center, making a very attractive appearance; foliage distinct and one of the valuable features of the plant; its color is a very rich, dark, glossy green; surface smooth, always bright and shining free from dust. Will cover a porch quick- ly, very valuable for screens, fences, arbors, etc. CRIMSON RAMBLER — This superb novelty was originally received from Japan. The flowers are produced in great pyramidal panicles or trusses, each carrying from 30 to 40 blooms, the individual flowers measuring about one to one and a half inches in diameter and remaining perfectly on the plant up- wards of two weeks with the freshness of color unimpaired; the foliage is bright green and glossy, and contrasts finely with the bright crimson of the flowers; for verandas, walls, pillars and fences this rose cannot be excelled; a remarkably vigorous grower, making shoots from ten to fifteen feet long in a season. DOROTHY PERKINS — (New) — This is a splendid new, shell pink climb- ing rose. It attracted much attention at the Pan-American Exposition, where a bed of fourteen-month old plants produced a show of bloom unequalled by any other variety unless it was the famous Crimson Rambler. This new rose is of the same strong habit of growth as Crimson Rambler, and the flowers are shell pink, a color that is almost impossible to accurately represent by lithography. Raised from seed of Rose Wichuriana, crossed with that grand old rose, Mme. Gabriel Luizet. Absolutely hardy. Mr. Wm. Scott, the As- sistant Superintendent of Horticulture at the Pan-American, says regarding the Dorothy Perkins; “This has exactly the habit of the well known Crim- son Rambler. It has flowered splendidly and been very brilliant. This seems to me to be a great acquisition and I believe it to be a good forcing rose. The individual flower is larger than the Crimson Rambler, but it is a beauti- ful shell-pink in color.” EMPRESS OF CHINA — A new, hardy, ever-blooming, climbing rose that blooms the first season early, late and all the time. Without exception one of the most valuable and popular roses now offered. It is a rose that every- body can succeed with and one that is sure to give satisfaction. From May until December it produces its flowers in great profusion. It is absolutely DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 125 hardy, having withstood uninjured a temperature of 16 degrees below zero unprotected. It grows almost as fast as a Morning Glory, young plants mak- ing canes in one year 15 to 25 feet high. The flowers look like apple blos- soms. The color is soft, dark red, changing to lighter red or pink, like the color found in an apple blossom. They come by the hundreds. dark red. GREVILLE, or SEVEN SISTERS — Large clusters of bloom, shaded to LEUCHTSTERN — (New) — Flowers single; in large clusters, bright rose with a distinct white eye, like a cineraria; foliage and habits resembling Crimson Rambler. A very distinct and valuable variety. PINK RAMBLER — What is said of White Rambler applies equally to this except that the color of the flowers is pure shiny rose — the partially open buds being bright, light carmine, thus producing a strong and pleasing con- trast. The flowers often changing to creamy white when fully matured. “The numerous yellow stamens lend an additional charm to the flower. In hardiness, freedom of bloom, form and color of flowers and vigorous climb- ing habit, this variety is fully the equal of Crimson Rambler.” QUEEN OF THE PR A I RIE— Bright rosy red, frequently striped with white, large, compact and globular. RUSSELL’S COTTAGE — Dark Crimson, very double and full. Strong grower. RUBIN— (New)— Another acquisition resembling the Crimson Rambler, but having larger flowers of a deep red or ruby color. Very attractive. WHITE RAMBLER — A worthy companion of the Crimson Rambler. In habit of growth, foliage, manner of blooming and shape of flower this is iden- tical with Crimson Rambler, differing only in color which in Thalia is pure, clear white. Flowers quite fragrant and last for a long time after cutting. YELLOW RAMBLER — The only yellow, hardy climbing rose. It has been thoroughly tested and found to successfully withstand without protection, a continued temperature of zero and below. It is similar to Crimson Rambler in manner of blooming, the flowers being immense clusters and having the same lasting qualities, remaining in bloom three to four weeks. This plant is er en freer in growth than Crimson Rambler, and soon makes a fine showy specimen. MOSS ROSES. The moss rose is as hardy as any rose can be, and an extra vigorous grow er. They are much admired on account of their bright, healthy foliage and mossy-like covering of the buds. While they bloom but once a year, the flowers are large, beautiful and plentiful. COUNTESS de MURINNAIS-Pure white; large; ver y desirable- the finest White Moss. CRESTED — Deep pink buds, surrounded with mossy fringe. Very beauti- ful and free from mildew. 126 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated GLORY OF MOSSES — A moderate grower. Flowers very large; appear to best advantage when full; color pale rose. PERPETUAL WHITE — Nicely pointed bud, pure white. SALET A vigorous grower and perpetual bloomer. Light rose; large full. The best of the class. A true perpetual moss, blooming at intervals from June until November. WHITE BATH — White, sometimes tinged flesh; attractive in bud and open flower. This is by far the finest White Moss. HYBRID TEA ROSES. BARONNE DE MAYNARD— Pure White; medium size; very good form; double and free. BELLE SIEBRECHT — This rose comes to us from the East very highly recommended. It is a cross between La France and Lady Mary Fitzwilliam; color imperial pink; the bulbs, which are borne on strong, erect stems 1% to 2 feet long are tapering 2% inches to 3 inches long, and when fully open measures 5% inches to 6 inches in diameter, without showing the center. LA FRANCE — Delicate, silvery rose; very large and full; an almost con- stant bloomer, equal in delicacy to a tea rose; the most pleasing fragrance of all roses, only a moderate grower. LA FRANCE RED — (Duchess of Albany) — This variety is a sport from La France, deeper in color, more expanded in form, larger in size. The flow- ers are deeper, even pink, very large and full, highly perfumed and of first quality in every respect. The growth of the plant is vigorous, habit good, and the flowers produced in extraordinary profusion, the plants being con- tinually covered with handsome blooms. LA FRANCE STRI PED— (Madame A. Veyvaset) — Resembles the Pink La France in every particular, with the exception of color, which is bright, .-at- iny pink, distinctly striped with bright rose. LA FRANCE WHITE — (Augustine Guinoisseau) — This magnificent new rose is a pure white La France, having just a breath of rose tinted blush, de- cidedly clouding the depths of its broad petals; the bud3 and flowers are extra large, very full, and finely formed; the fragrance is delicious. It is a free, continuous bloomer. LIBERTY — This rose marks the limit Of glorous deep, yet brignt, colora- tion in a family by no means deficient in warm, rich hues of crimson red. Most nearly approached by Meteor in color this new-comer surpasses that standard variety in purity, without the tendency to blacken that Meteor ex- hibits and also the blue cast sometimes seen on the fully expanded petals of Meteor has not been detected in any degree whatever upon a single one of many critically examined blossoms of Liberty. This novelty does not exact a temperature in excess of that generally accorded to other roses when grown under glass. Liberty is destined to become the one dark flowered rose for both commercial and private use. descriptive catalogue 127 MADAME CAROLINE TESTOUT— Probably no rose stands higher in pub- lic estimation today than La France, and when we say this elegant new rose is a far better rose than the La France, we have said about all that can be said. It is decidedly large, deeper and more brilliant in color, and as good in other ways. The petals are large and of elegant form; exquisitely edged and borueied with clear silver rose. Both flowers and buds are extra large and of very elegant form; color is brilliant, satiny rose. METEOR— A reliable ever-bloomer of the deepest glowing crimson; flow- ers very double, and petals slightly recurved; a beautiful open rose, vigorous grower and very fine bloomer; a grand rose in this climate. MRS. ROBERT GARRETT— A beautiful, large rose of exquisite shape, finish and blending of colors. It was raised by Mrs. John Cook of Baltimore, Md., the result of a cross between Sombreuil and Madame Caroline Testout.' It partakes largely of the latter variety in habit of growth in foliage, spines and stems, and in shape of flowers shows a complete blending of both parents. The flowers are very large, on strong stems, clothed with clean, heavy foliage and strong spines. The buds are long and pointed in shape, and open up beautifully into a full, rounded flower. In shape of bud and half-open flower it very much resembles Souvenir de President Carnot, but is very much larger, color a glowing shell pink, very deep in the center; the fragrance is delicate and pleasing. SOUV. DE PRES. CARNOT— An excellent rose of recent introduction that has already become a great favorite. The flower is of large size, of exquisite shape, with heavy, thick, shell-like petals; buds long and pointed similar to Niphetos, but very much larger and borne on stiff, erect stems; color delicate, rosy flesh, shaded a trifle deeper at the center. An extra good gar- den rose. GENERAL COLLECTION OF TEA AND EVER-BLOOMING ROSES. AGRIPPINA— An excellent rose for bedding or pot culture; continuous bloomer; color fine velvety crimson. BEAUTE INCONSTANTE— (The Rose of Many Colors)— A single plant will bear flowers ranging in color from coppery yellow, blush pink, carmine and apricot to light crimson; the bud is especially fine, being a coppery orange scarlet, all the variations of coloring appearing in the open flower. A strong, healthy grower and a prolific bloomer. BON SILENE — Very fine in bud, dark crimson rose, often changing to crimson. Very extensively grown by florists for its highly colored buds. BRIDE — A pure white rose of perfect form and extra large size. The buds are long and pointed, very handsome, while the flower opens up beautiful and full; delightfully scented. The most popular White Tea rose. BRIDESMAID — A sport from Catherine Mermet. This new variety has all the good qualities of the parent, but is of a deeper shade of clear bright pink and is a more constant bloomer. 128 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated CATHERINE MERMET — Light flesh colored; large, full and globular. One of the finest teas; when the flowers are fully expanded they yield a delightful perfume. CORNELIA COOK — Pale yellowish-white, sometimes tinged with flesh; flowers large and full; a very free bloomer, buds of immense size and very double. DUCHESS de BRABANT — In this variety we have a combination of rich and peculiar coloring, delightful perfume and a remarkable profusion of bloom and foliage; color, light rose, with heavy shading of amber and salmon. Quite hardy. ETOILE de LYON — This is considered one of the finest yellow bedding roses for outside planting. It is, moreover, one of the hardiest in the Tea section. It blooms freely, and every flower is a gem. It equals Marchal Neil in size, on strong bushes. A deep chrome yellow. A remarkable rose, de- serving extensive culture. FRANCISCO KRUGER — This rose has taken a foremost position as a rose for general culture, and its striking color and free growth gives it popularity wherever grown. It is a beautiful coppery yellow with large flowers, unlike any other rose in our list. FRANZ DEEGAN— (New Forcing Rose)— A seedling from Kaiserin. This beautiful yellow Hybrid Tea is a fine grower, having dark leathery foliage and the good habit of throwing up numerous heavy canes, each one crowned by a glorious flower of large size. Composed of large petals; the outer petals are about the color of Perle de Jardins ; the inner petals a good orange shade very deep and rich. It is a constant bloomer, opening its buds freely. A strong healthy grower, not subject to mildew. A very promising variety for forcing. GOLDEN GATE — This is a beautiful free blooming and healthy Tea Rose that we can recommend to everyone desiring large flowers, long stems and continuous bloom. The buds are long and pointed, opening out into a well- shaped flower of creamy white, delicately tinged with golden yellow and rose. GRUSS AN TEPLITZ — One of the brightest colored roses grown. When first opened it is dark rich crimson, quickly changing to bright scarlet shading to velvety fiery red. Blooms continually; flowers good sized and delightfully fragrant. Plant vigorous and upright grower, making fine pot plants. HELEN GOULD, or BALDUIN — Claimed by the introducers of Helen Gould to be a different rose from Balduin. While the identity of the rose is in dispute, it has proved so satisfactory with us that we have planted it. largely. This is probably the most beautiful and satisfactory rose for general planting ever introduced in America. It has proved itself to be the strongest-growing freest-blooming, largest flowering and hardiest rose in existence. It is a better rose for general planting than the American Beauty — the dream and hope of every rose grower for years past. The flowers are full and perfectly double, the buds beautifully made long and pointed. The color is a warm rosy crim- DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 129 son, like the color of a ripe red watermelon. It is as hardy as La France, and one of the best, if not the very best rose for winter blooming. HERMOSA — It would be a waste of words to write a long description of Hermosa. It is too well known and too great a favorite. It is always in bloom and always beautiful; the color is a most pleasing shade of pink, very fragrant. A grand rose for bedding or pot culture. HOMER — Flesh-colored rose, edged with velvety lilac rose; one of the best teas; very vigorous and perfect. KAISERIN AUGUSTA VICTORIA — One of the most beautiful of all roses for open ground culture; it is a strong, healthy grower, and as hardy as any of the Hybrid Perpetual Roses, while it blooms with unbroken continuity from early spring until severe frost, it is as free blooming as any Tea Rose. It is celebrated the world over for its elegant large pointed buds, and large, full, double flowers. The color is a delicate, creamy white; deliciously frag- rant. As a cut flower, stands without peer. MADAM de WATTEVILLE — (The Tulip Rose) — This grand variety, some- times called the Tulip Rose, is one of the most beautiful varieties we have ever sent out, and is very largely planted by those who know its beauty. The color is a remarkable shade of creamy yellow, richly colored with rosy blush ; the petals are large and each one widely bordered with bright crimson, which gives it a very striking and beautiful appearance. The flowers are large, very full, and highly perfumed. For planting in the open ground Madam de Watte- ville takes front rank, being a hardy, vigorous grower, standing the sun and weather well; a profuse bloomer; unsurpassed for cutting. MADAM FALCOT — Deep apricot, shaded buff. MADAM HOSTE — This excellent rose is highly prized for cut flowers on account of its superb buds and long stems; is valuable for garden planting. A remarkably strong growing variety and a constant bloomer; color soft canary yellow, beautifully flushed with pale amber, edges and reverse of petals creamy white. MADAM LOMBARD — A first-class rose for garden planting or pot culture; habit of growth is vigorous; very free bloomer. A beautiful shade of rosy bronze, changing to salmon and fawn, shaded with carmine. Very sweet scented. MADAM PIERRE GUILLOT — Large, splendid shaped, pointed buds. Color deep coppery orange in the center, gradually changing lighter outward; edge of petals bright rose. Fine, large, double flowers and an excellent winter bloomer. MADAM WELCHE — Color beautiful amber yellow, deepening to coppery yellow at the center, delicately tinged and shaded with dark orange red; flowers- extra large, globular form, very double and full. MAMAM COCHET — An excellent pink rose with rich, healthy foliage and large flowers on long straight stems; color deep, rosy pink, the inner side of petals silvery rose. Equally valuable for pot culture and out-door planting. 130 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated MAMAM COCHET, WHITE — A sport from that grand sort, Mamam Cochet with which it is identical in every respect but color. It is a beautiful snow white sometimes tinted with the faintest suggestion of blush. An extraordi- nary rose. MARIE VAN HOUTTE — (A beautiful Rose) — This exceedingly lovely va- riety cannot be surpassed by any rose of its color. In the open ground it is truly magnificent. The flowers are extra large, very double and full, and are deliciously scented. The color is pale canary yellow, passing to rich creamy white, shaded with pale rose. It grows strong and sturdy and blooms con- si antly and w T ith great freedom. As an outdoor rose for bedding, massing or single specimens it cannot be excelled. MARION DIN GEE — The darkest, richest colored tea-rose known. Large, finely formed, flowers are borne in constant profusion throughout the season. Color, deep, brilliant crimson. NIPHETOS NIPHETOS — Pure white; very large and full; long-pointed buds; very free flow'ering; purest white roses. Very attractive in the bud form. PAPA GONTIER — A magnificent bold flower; finely formed buds, color brilliant carmine, changing to rose and lilac. In brilliancy of color fully DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 131 equal to General Jacqueminot. It is delightfully fragrant and is the most popular forcing rose of its color. PERLE des JARDINS— Very large and full, bright straw color; some- times canary color; very fragrant; one of the best Tea Roses. One of the most popular forcing roses. PRESIDENT — A lovely rose, fresh, carmine pink, extra large size; very double and full; free bloomer; delicious tea scent. QUEEN — A beautiful, pure white, free blooming Tea Rose, producing an abundance of well formed buds and flowers the entire blooming season. RAINBOW — An elegant new striped Tea Rose, of strong, healthy growth and exceedingly free flowering habit. The buds are large, on strong, stiff stems. Color a beautiful shade of deep pink, distinctly striped and mottled with bright crimson, elegantly shaded and toned with rich amber. It makes beautiful buds and flowers of large size, with thick, heavy petals, very frag- rant. A useful variety for cut flowers. SAFRANO — An old favorite. Bright apricot yellow, changing to orange and fawn, frequently tinted with rose. Desirable for outdoor planting and much prized for its fragrance and nicely shaped bloom. SENATOR McNAUGHTON— (White Perle des Jardins)— A sport from Perle des Jardins; it resembles that grand old rose, excepting in color, which is a delicate creamy white; the flowers are very large and full, the buds beau- tifully shaped; foliage dark and glossy. SOUVENIR de la MALM AISON— One of the choicest roses we offer and one that will give entire satisfaction for either garden or pot culture. The color is a creamy flesh, bright and clear; the flower large and double; very fragrant. SUNRISE — The most gorgeous rose of its class yet introduced. It has made a sensation in England, and taken first honors wherever shown. In the close bud form it shows the high, brilliant colors seen only in the Austrian Copper rose, scarlet and yellow. As it opens the colors deepen, the scarlet turning darker red, the yellow' to orange and copper, the inside of the petal golden yellow. The open rose is large, perfectly double, and of grand form. The foliage is glossy and thick, the new growth being the darkest and most beautiful found among roses; the form and color of bud, its freedom and growth of bloom, will give Sunrise a high place among forcing roses. A nov- elty is earnestly wished for by cut flower growers, and here is a novelty of the highest quality. VISCOUNTESS FOLKSTONE— The flow'er is delicately tinted flesh, al- most w'hite and lustrous as satin; when in full bloom it is like a fine white Paeony, but without a suggestion of stiffness. SUNSET — A fine novelty, a sport from Perle des Jardins, which it strongly resembles except in color, which is a remarkable shade of rich golden amber, 132 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated elegantly tinged and shaded with dark copper, intensely beautiful and resem- bles in color a splendid “after glow.’’ Very fragrant. CLIMBING TEA AND NOISETTE ROSES. BEAUTY OF GLAZENWOOD — (Fortunes’ Double Yellow) — Hardy, Bronzed yellow or copper and fawn color. CAROLINE GOODRICH, or RUNNING GENERAL JACQUEMINOT— This lose has finely formed, very double flowers. Fragrance most delicious. A hardy climbing Tea, and should not be classed with the hardy climbing that bloom but once a year. Color the same as that of General Jacqueminot. CLIMBING La FRANCE — A sport from La France, and identical with it in every particular, save its climbing habit of growth. One of the most mag- nificent climbing roses in cultivation. It is a strong, rapid grower, producing its splendid, large delicate, silvery-pink flowers in great abundance. CLIMBING METEOR — This rose has gained a world wide reputation as the finest crimson everblooming climbing rose in cultivation. It is a rich, velvety crimson, much like the forcing rose Meteor, of which it is a sport. An extremely strong growing variety, making shoots 12 to 15 feet long in a single season under favorable circumstances. South of the Ohio River it would be perfectly hardy, while in the extreme north it could be laid on the ground and covered with leaves or straw. CLIMBING PERLE des JARDINS — Same as the Perle des Jardins, except in growth, it being a very vigorous climber. CLIMBING WOOTON — A fine large double flower; bright cherry crimson. A beautiful free flowering rose that is completely covered with bloom the en- tire season. Will make shoots 10 to 15 feet in one year. CLOTH OF GOLD — (Chromatella) — Rich, deep yellow; large, double, fra- grant, and a vigorous grower. GLOIRE de DIJON — Buff, orange center, very large and double; very early flowering and the hardiest of any of the tea roses; a very popular variety. GOLD OF OPHIR — Salmon yellow, shaded with bright, deep rose. Very effective. La MARQUE — Pure white buds; open flower, tinged light canary yellow; large and full. MADAM ALFRED CARRIER — Flesh white, with salmon yellow at the base of petals; full and well formed; vigorous grower. MARECHAL NIEL — A beautiful deep sulphur yellow rose, large, globular, very full and highly scented. The finest yellow rose in existence. MARECHAL NIEL, WHITE — This rose is an exact counterpart of Mare- chal Niel in every respect except the color of the flowers. Identical in growth, foliage, climbing habit, etc. The flowers are white. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 133 MRS. ROBT. PEARY — (Climbing Kaiserin Augusta Victoria) — A sport from that grand hardy ever-blooming rose, Kaiserin Augusta Victoria. It has the same beautiful creamy white flowers, and splendidly shaped buds, and in addition a remarkably strong climbing habit of growth, sending up shoots 10 to 12 feet high. REINE OLGA de WURTEMBURG— The people of the south would do well to employ this beautiful sort for covering verandas and trellises. Color a rosy carmine, suffused with yellow. REINE MARIE HENRIETTE— A strong growing red climbing rose. A grand pillar rose. Flowers full and well formed. REVE d’OR — One of the grandest climbing roses; a splendid robust climb- er with the very best of foliage; a good plant will soon go to the top of a two story house and cover space proportionately large the other way; such a plant in full bloom, with its graceful flowers of delicate coloring is a charming sight. Color, apricot yellow with orange and fawn tints; petals of superb and delicate texture; flowers moderately full; always pretty and graceful, whether in bud or full bloom; a very profuse bloomer. SOLFATERRE — Fine, clear sulphur yellow, large, full and double. Very sweet. WHITE BANKSIA— White and yellow; thornless. WM. ALLEN RICHARDSON — Beautiful, orange yellow; flowers small; very fine and floriferous. POLYANTHA ROSES. CLOTH1LDE SOUPERT — The best known and most popular Polyantha. It is as free blooming as a rose can be, commencing to bloom when but three or four inches high, and is never after without bloom if kept in a healthy growing condition. The full double flowers are produced in sprays of three or more and are the finest imaginable form. The outer petals are pearl white. BABY RAMBLER — This great novelty originated at Orleans, France, and is a hybrid produced by the crossing of Crimson Rambler and Glorie des Polyanthus. It preserves the prolific flowering qualities of the latter, but with the color of the Chimson Rambler (clear brilliant ruby rose). The foliage is of a fine polished dark green and is never attacked by insects and fungus. It blooms in clusters and is very continuous. The time of blooming of the first umbet is not ended when the adjacent branches are ready to open with a considerable number of flowers, so that the period of blooming is not inter- rupted until after severe frosts. This rose will be very popular on account of its cluster formation being similar to that of the Crimson Rambler, and more particularly because it is covered with flowers the whole summer. It will be especially valuable for culture in pots. The winter of 1903-1904 was the most severe experienced in years. The plants stood outside during all that winter, without any protection whatever. Spring found these bushes alive to the tips of their branches. We have no hesitation in saying that the bushes of Dwarf 184 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated Perpetual Crimson Rambler are perfectly hardy and vigorous; the plants grow 24 to 30 inches high. We can supply dormant field grown plants. TREE ROSES. The Tree Roses are grafted on hardy rose stalks four to five feet high, are tree shaped and when in full bloom are objects of beauty, making hand- some plants for the lawns or rose border. In this shape we offer only the Hybrid Perpetual or hardy class. We have them in white, the different shades of pink, red and crimson. SHASTA DAISIES. (CHRYSANTHEMUM LEUOANTHEMUM HYBRIDUM.) Originated by Luthur Burbank, from whom we secured our supply. Too well advertised by this time to need any long description. A marvelous com- bination of size, grace, abundance and general effectiveness of flowers, which are borne on long, strong clean stems; flowers showy white or cream colored, 4 or 5 inches across. ALASKA — (New) — The whole plant, roots, stems, leaves, buds and flowers are gigantic, but compact and graceful in every respect. The marvelous com- bination of size, grace, glistening whiteness, abundance and general effective- ness of the flowers, w'hich are borne on long, clean strong stems, will place it at once far ahead of all others of its class. Under the ordinary field culti- vation given Chrysanthemums, the flowers average 4 to 5 inches across on stems 2 or 3 feet long, with 38 to 42 wide petals and a very small disk ; with proper disbudding are produced perpetually, though more abundantly at the usual blooming season. CALIFORNIA — (New') — Another giant in growth, and in most respects similar to Alaska, but the buds and half-opened flowers are of a most pleasing clear, pale lemon yellow, with two rows of petals. When a day or two old these gradually change to pure white. The combination is exceedingly pleas- ing. The flowers average 4 to 5 inches across, and with ordinary care, are perpetually. The common varieties of Chrysanthemum maximum are as weeds when compared with these. WESTRALIA — (New) — This is distinguished by its branching habit, which is a strong characteristic in one of the parents of the whole Shasta Daisy Family — the Japanese Field Daisy Chrysanthemum Leucanthemum Nipponi- cum. Well grown plants are 3 to 4 feet high and nearly as much through, buds and newly opened flowers are of a pleasing cream color, semi-double, 3 to 4 inches across and are produced on fairly long stems in bewildering pro- fusion. DESCRIPTIVE CATALOGUE 135 GENERAL INDEX. Page Adam’s Needle Ill Ailanthus 8G Akebia Quinata Ill Almond 81 Almond, Flowering 101 Alder 86 Athaea 101 Amaryllis 116 Ampelopsis Ill Angelica Tree 86 A Plain Talk About Prices 8 Apples 17 Apricots 54 Araucaria 97 Arbor Vitae 97 Aralia 86 Ash 86 Ash, Weeping 94 Ashberry 109 Asparagus 77 Aucuba 109 Azalea 102 Balm of Gilead 92 Barberry 102 Basswood 88 Beech 86 Beech, Weeping 94 Bignonia Ill Bilsted 93 Birch 86 Birch, Weeping 95 Blackberries 68 Blue Spirea 108 Box 109 Box Elder 90 Buckeye 88 Bulbs 115 Buttonwood 93 Butternut 82 California Big Tree 98 Calycanthus 102 Canna 116 Caladium 116 Catalpa 86 Cedar 98 Cherries 38 Cherry, Weeping 95 Cherry, Flowering 87 Cherry, Dwarf Rocky Mountain . . 102 Chestnut 81 Chinese Matrimony Vine 112 Cinnamon Vine Ill Clematis 113 Climbing and Trailing Plants . . . .111 Corcorus 102 Crab Apple 32 Crab, Flowering 87 Page Crape Myrtle 102 Crocus 116 Cryptomeria 98 Currants 74 Currant, Flowering 102 Cypress 98 Dahlias 116 Deciduous Trees 86 Deciduous Shrubs 101 • Deutzia 102 Dewberries 72 Distances For Planting 7 Dogwood 87-103 Dogwood, Weeping 95 Dutchman’s Pipe 112 Elder 103 Eleagnus 103 Elm 87 Elm, Weeping 95 Empress Tree 02 Eulalia 115 Euonymus 109 Evergreens 97 Evergreen Shrubs 109 Exochorda 103 Figs 79 Fir 99 Filberts 82-103 Forsythia 104 Fringe 87 Fruit Department 16 Ginkgo 93 Gladiolus 116 Golden Chain 88 Golden Bell 104 Gold Dust Tree 109 Gooseberries 76 Grapes 56 Hedge Plants 109 Hedysarum 104 Hemlock 99 Hickory 82 Hints on Transplanting 6 Holly HO Honeysuckle 112 Honeysuckle, Upright 104 Horse Chestnut 88 Hyacinths 117 Hydrangea 104 Iris 117 Ivy 112 Ivy, Japan or Boston Ill Japan Quince 106 Jasmine 112 Jonquils 117 Judas Tree 88 Juneberry 104 136 ALBANY NURSERIES, Incorporated Page Juniper 99 Kentucky Coffee Tree 88 Laburnum 88 Larch 88 Laurustinus 110 Lilac 104 Lilies 117 Lily-of-the- Valley 117 Linden - 88 Locust 88 Loganberry 66 Magnolia 89 Maples 90 Mock Orange 108 Mountain Ash 92 Mountain Ash, Weeping 95 Mountain Laurel 110 Mulberries 78 Mulberries, Weeping 95 Narcissus 118 Nectarines 55 Nut Trees 81 Number of Trees to an Acre .... 7 Oak ...92 Ornamental Department 85 Ornamental Grasses 115 Osage Orange 92 Paeonies 115 Pampas Grass 115 Paulownia 92 Peaches 48 Pears 33 Pecan 82 Persimmons 80 Phenomenal Berries 66 Pie Plant 78 Pine 99 Plums 41 Plum, Flowering 92 Points to Keep in Mind 14 Podocarpus 101 Poplar 92 Poplar, Weeping 95 Preface 4 Primus Berry 68 Privet 106 Prunes 46 Prunus Pissardi 92 Prunus Triloba * • • • 92 Quince 56 Raspberries 63 Page Red Bud 88 Retinospora 100 Rhododendron 110 Rhubarb 78 Rosebay 110 Roses 118 Rose of Sharon 101 Salisburia 93 Scotch Broom 107 Shasta Daisy 134 Silver Bell 107 Silvery Sweet Vine 112 Snowball 107 Snowberry 107 Snowdrop Tree 107 Sour Gum 93 Spiraea 107 Spraying 10 Spray Calendar 13 Spruce 100 St. Johns Wort 108 Strawberries 60 Sumach, or Smoke Tree 108 Sweet Gum 93 Sycamore 93 Syringa 108 Tamarix 108 Thorn 94 Tigridia 118 To Correspondents 3 Tree Box 109 Tree of Heaven 86 Tree Paeonie 116 Trumpet Flower Ill Tube Rose 118 Tulip 118 Tulip Tree 94 Tupelo 93 Verbena, Shrub 108 Virgin’s Bower 113 Virginia Creeper Ill Walnut 82 Weeping Trees 94 Weigela 108 Willow 94 Willow, Weeping 95 Wistaria 113 Yellow Wood 94 Yew 101 Yucca Ill ■v