Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2016 with funding from Duke University Libraries https://archive.org/details/healthresortsofs01unse y BALTH Resorts OF= THe SOUTH. Containing numerous Engravings descriptive of the most desirable l^esorts of the Southern States. BOSTON : Geo. H. Chkein. 1BB9. Old Fort Marion, St. Augustine. k\z. IX. 4 - 34 ' St. At^gcstixe, Flokida, ... Greenville, S. C., Paris jMorxTAiN Crescent Pidoe Greenvii.le ^Mineral Spring. . , C-ESar’s Head ^Mountain, ... Cedar JIount.un, De.morest, Ga AValhalla, S. C Seneca, S. C., AA'est.min'Ster, S. C Oconee Coi nta', S. C., . . . . Trout Fishing in the Mountains, Tallulah Falls, Ga. Clarksville, Ga., Nacoochee, Ga., Hahlonega, Ga., High Point, X. C. Palatka, 55 r.8 98 99 100 102 105 115 135 U7 154 157 161 167 177 181 191 205 ILLUSTRATIONS Fort Marlon Heaflpiece Contents . . . . City Cate St. Frances st., St. Augustine . Children Playing on the Beach in . February Mammoth' Alligator at St. Augus- tine Museum The Anastasia Light House Front View of the i^once de Leon Hotel The Alameda and Plaza . Courtyard of the Ponce de Leon Hotel Genovar’s pera House . The Catholic Cathedral, remodeled The Cathedral before the Fire The Cordova Hotel . . . . Distant View of the San Marco Hotel The Banana Blossom . . , Jnterior of the Slave Utarket . The I’resbyterian Parsonage . The Yacht Club House CabdiingDrum Fish on the Matazas The old Slave Market The I’once de Leon Hotel St. George St. and Bishop’s Mansion Banana'Plants in Museum Garden Bird’s Eye View of St Augustine During Spanish Administration Fort Marion Gateway and Coat of A rms The Alcazar interior of FortiMarion . The Magnolia Hotel Fort Jiarion, the Dungeon Gateway of the Ponce de Leon Hotel Orange Archway . . . . Stairway of Fort Marion old Spanish Museum, St. Augustine finited States Barracks The City Gates, side view i»uck Shooting near St. Augustine The Date Palm Blossom . Major Dale’s Monuments Corridor of an Ancient House A Picturesque Cabin Lock to the Door of Fort Marion Lookout Tower, Fort Jiarion Aiagnolia Blossom . . . . St)anisliBayonet in Museum Garden Port Blarrou, sliowing the "Water Battery and Hot Sliot Furnace The Old Piano at the Museum The Ocean View House Boating on the Matanzas River The Spoonbill at the Museum A Pine Forest near St. Augustine . TheNewPost Office Building,Green- ville Head Piece, Greenville A'oung Men’s Christian Association Building, Greenville Page. 2 4 5 9 10 10 n 12 13 14 1.5 l(i 17 18 18 19 20 20 21 22 23 24 2.5 2fi .28 29 30 31 32 33 34 34 35 3(! 37 38 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 46 48 49 50 51 .52 .53 .54 55 56 Residence of tVm. Wilkins Greenville Conservatory of Music Residence of Hamlin Beattie . Residence of Dr. .Tohn H. Maxwell The Reedy River Water Falls Rasidence of C. 11. Lanneau . The Greenville Female College A Colored Washing Camp Bird’s Eye View of Greenville The Millsdale Stock Farm The Presbyterian Clu rch . Residenc" of W. T. Shumate . The East End Schoolhouse Building The Lanneau Mill The Furman University . Ferguson A Miller Building . The Methodist Church Residence of T. Q. Donaldson The Baptist Churcli .... The Mammoth Vineyard . Main Street Residence of H. B. Buist . The Greenville Coach Factory Re.sidence of .Julius C. Smith' . The Episcopal Church Residence of .1. P. Miller . The Gower A Reilly Warehouse Residence of .lohn D. Sullivan “ Sans Souci Residence of Mrs. L. B. Cline . A South Carolina Garden Scene Residence of Squire McBec Lions Head Mountain Residence of Prof. A. E. Townes . The Mansion House . . . . The E.xchange Hotel .... Residence of R. L. E. Bentz Residence of T. C. Gower . Residence of George Heldmann The Altamonte Hotel, J’aris Motin. tain The Shumate Mill .... The Cline Building .... The Carrier Building Greenville Machine ^Vorks The Caesar’s Head Hotel . Ciesar’s Head Mountain . Hotel de Gower, Cedar Mountain . South Carolina Deaf ami Dumb Asylum Jit. Yonah from Demorest Heights Below the Old Mill, Demorest Hazel Rapids, Demorest . Lake Demorest AView of the Blue Ridge Mountains The Biemann Hotel, Walhalla The Cliffs Residence of Otto H. Schumacher . The AVaterfall Summer in the Piedmont Region . Near Good Trout Fishing Residence of Dr. D. B. Derby . The Kaufmann Opera House . A Mountain Cascade Page 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 6.5 66 67 ^>8 69 70 71 74 75 7(5 77 78 79 80 81 8*2 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 98 94 95 96 !N> 97 98 100 101 102 103 104 105 107 109 112 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 ILLUSTRATIONS. A Mountain Vien A trip tlirougii tlie liill country A day’s shooting in Oconee County A Mountain Waterfall High and Invigorating, free from Malaria Returning from tlie Mountains Railway Station at Seneca Tlie Keowee Hotel A Mountain Stream . Taylor’s Falls .... A Scene in Oconee County .larrett & Hastings’ Milts' .1. W. Gignilliat’s Vineyard Fort Hilf, the .lohn C. Calhoun resi donee ..... A Glimpse of the Valley . A Storm in the Blue Ridge Mts. Residence of R. E. IMason, Wesl minster A Carolina Cotton Field • Fording the Stream . Residence ofA.Zimmermanm.West Minster . , ■ . The Magnilicent Scenery of the Mining Section of the i’iedmon Region Residence of W. F. Parker, West minster A Stage Ride in the Piedmon Region A Landscatie in Oconee County, S.C Trout Fishing in the IMountains A River Scene .... The Mountains hy Moonlight . The Prolile at Tallulah TheRohinson House, Tallulah Falls Caledonia Cascade and OceanaFalls The Cascade Turner’s I’oint from Angelina Rock and Indian Arrow Ra)iids The Grand View Hotel, Tallulah The Mountain View Hotel, Clarks Vi lie The Porter Cotton Mill The Granil Chasm Sunset Hill, the Residence of Mrs. Harriet C. Bean The Grove House, Clarksville Toccoa Falls .... The Porter Woolen Mill . A Quartz Mill in the Piedmont Region Gold Mining in Georgia — the Water Ditch Hydraulic Mining A Sheep Farm .... Residence of Cai't. J. II. Nichols Nacoochee .... Indian Mound at Nacoochee . Tlje Anna Ruhy Falls The Lovers’ Leap The Bridge .... Tallulah i'alls .... The Hall Stampi Mill Page 1-24 12.5 127 128 131 133 135 131 ! 137 138 139 140 141 142 14.5 140 147 148 149 1.50 151 1.52 1.53 1.55 157 1.58 1.59 Hill 102 103 104 105 100 107 108 109 170 170 171 172 173 174 175 170- 177 178 179 ISO 182 183 1S4 Fla Ha t’s : The Burnside House, Dahlonega,Ga. Hall’s Block Residence of Capt. Frank W. Hall Residence of Prof. W. S. Wilson . N. Georgia Agricultural College A Tunnel in the Piedmont Region .Jarrell’s Hotel, High Point, N. C. Residence of J. Elwood Cox, High Point, N. C Residence of E. A. Snow . The Snow Lumber Co.’s Mills . The Thermal Belt Tryon IMountaiu Residence of Capjt. W. H. Snow The French Broad River . A Scene in the Mountains of North Carolina A Picnic Party A Morning Ride Snow’s Tobacco Barn. — Curing the Tobacco Snow’s Tobacco Barn. — The Engine Snow’s Tobacco Barn. — Interior \'iew .... A Landscape 'I'he Kean Block, Palatka, On the St. .Johns River ( The Carleton House \ The Putnam House . Residence of H. S. Hart Evergreen Vase in Col. Garden .... Daily News Building . The Saratoga House'’ . Residence of A. .1. Kennerly Academy of the Sacred Heart Residence of F. A. Garrison Residence of Slajor S. Conant Capt. Lucas Boat-house . Residence of G. W. Pratt . Residence of C. P. Devereaux Frye’s Natural History Store Residence of F. C. Cochrane Residence of Mrs. Sarah E. Wall First National Bank of Palatka I Sago Palm l The Ocklawaha Steamer . The Louise The Palatka Water Works. — The Puni]jing Station Palatka Water IVorks.— The Stand pipe Residence of \5 . C. Hargro e . Edgewater Grove — Front \'iew o Residence .... Edgewater. — Side View of Resi dence Dr. Flower’s Winter Home. — The Orange Grove .... Winter Home of Dr. R. C. Flower Dr. Flower’s 'Winter Home. — Green house Dr. Flower’s Winter Home. — The Fishpond . Interior View of R. .1. Rile’s .Jew elry Store, Palatka . Page 185 ISfi ISG 187 188 190 191^ 192 193 194 195 19(i 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 210 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 227 228 229 •230 •231 232 233 233 Plaaeg of Infeepesti in St. Jlugustine ai^d WiGinitv. Fort srARioN— Xortli end of seawall. City Gates— North end of St. George St. The Museum— (Which contains the old Spanish relics and wonders of Florida) between City Gates and Fort Marion. A Souvenir is given to each visitor. Union Railway Station— Malaga St. I'assenger Fare : In Omnibus, 25c. In Hack. .50c. Baggage 25c. each piece. South Beach Ferry and Railway— Foot of Central Wharf, east of Plaza. Goes half hourly. HOTELS. Ponce de Leon— O n the Alameda, west of Plaza. Cordova— On the Alameda, west of Plaza. Alcazar— On the Alameda, we.st of Plaza. San Marco— North of City Gate. Magnolia— S t. George, North of Plaza. Florida— “ “ “ “ Cleveland— “ “ “ “ “ The Abbey— “ “ “ “ “ Rolleston— “ “ “ “ “ St. George— “ “ South of Plaza. Barcelona — North of Ponce de Leon. Hernandez— Charlotte Street- Ocean View'- Bay St. South of Plaza. American— Orange Street. With excellent boarding houses tlirough- out the city. Free Exhibition of strange and curi- ous things at the Fort Marion Store, opposite Fort Marion, all of which are for sale Old Huguenot Cemetery'— N orth of City Gates. Military Cemetery' and Dade Monu- ment — S outhwest of Barracks. Spanish Cemetery'— C ordova St. near Orange. CHURCHES. Presbyterian Valencia— N o r t h of Ponce de Leon. Services 10.30 A. M., and 7 P. M. Sabbath School 3 P. M. Prayer Meetings Wednesdays 7 P. M. Episcopal— South of Plaza, near St. George St. Services 10.30 A. M., and 7 P. M. Sabbath School 3.30. (See bulletin in front of church.) Methodist (Grace Church)— Corner Cordova and Carrera Sts., north of Ponce de Leon. Sermons 10.30 A. IM., and 7 P. M. Sabbath School 9 A. JI. Class Meeting 11.45 A. M. Young Peo- ple’s Meetin" 6.15 P. M. Prayer Meet- ing Wednesday 7 P. M. Baptist — In Opera House Building. 10.30 and 7..30 P. M. .Sabbath School at 9 A. M. Prayer Meeting Thursday 7.30 P. ]\r. Royian Catholic Cathedral— N orth of Plaza. Services 6, 8 and 10 A. M., and 4 P. M. Y. M. C. A.ssociation— Lvons Block, Corner St. George St. and tbe Alameda. Sabbath Praise Meeting 4 P. M. Bible class Saturday 7.30 P. M. Open ilaily from 8 A. M'. to 9 P. M. Stranger.s cordially invited. Post Ofpice- St. George Street, at head of Plaza. Hours, Lock Box 6.30 a. m. to 8p. m.; general delivery, 8 a. m. to 5.30. Money orders and registered let- ters, 8.30 to i-2.30 and 1.30 to 3.30. United States Barracks— A t south end of Sea Wall. Hospital — South of Barracks. Spanish Monument— I n Plaza. Yacht Club House— A t heail of Cen- tral Wharf. Bath House — Bay Street between Plaza and Fort. Telegraph Offices— At Ponce de Leon and San Marco hotels and in Bank Building north of Plaza. Opera House— S t. George Street. Old Slay'e Market— I n I'laza. Artesian Water Fount.ain— I n the Slave Market. Public Library— Post Otlice Building, hours 10 a. m. to 1 p. m. except Thurs- day and Sunday. Non-residents can take out books fiee, by depositing two dollars. Artists Studio's — Y’alencia St., north of Ponce de Leon Hotei. The Tourists’ Registry— .\t the Span- ish Museum, opposite Fort Ylarion. Ponce de Leon Spring — West of City. XftWc Ccirri«i^6. Coquina Quarries — South of Light House on Anastasia Island. •‘Old Curiosity Shop”— In the Museum Building between the City Gate ami Fort. Lorrillari) Park— North of New Augustine, beyond Ponce de Leon Spring. Hacienda — The old Master’s Plantation, near Lon'illard Park, to be sold as .a whole or in house lots. Apply at Fort Marion store. t. Auffustine, Florida. The Name. The city of St. Augustine [Chtdad de San.Augusthi) received its name from its founder, Pedro Menendez de Aviles, who took possession of the place in the name of Philip II, King of Spain, on the 8th day of September, 1565. As he had arrived on the coast the 28th of the preceding month, the day dedicated to St. Augustine, he was led to name the city in honor of that celebrated Latin Father. The Indians whom he found there called tlie place Selooe, or Seloy, from the numerous dolphins (porpoises) seen along the shore ; _ _ the Spaniards had already named the an entrance at the the south end ofk eight feet deep at River of Dol- Situation.— brated for its an- history, the pecu- ings, the salubrity the geniality of its the southern part two miles from the J* __ Matanzas and the Rivers, and is a The Old City Gates, the capital of St. John’s County, Florida. Its latitude is 29°, 48 2,0" north ; its longitude 81°, 35 ' west, and it is about 30 miles south of Jacksonville, 160 miles south of Savannah, and 200 miles east of ^ harbor, which has north and also at fnastasia Island, ^glow tide, “The 'm phins.” This city, cele- tiquity, romantic iarity of its build- of its climate, and people, is built on of a peninsula, sea, between the St. Sebastian port of entry, and HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOOTH. Tallahassee. It is separated- from the sea by Anastasia Island and the Matanzas River, forming a safe harbor about one-half mile in width, with some 20 feet depth of water. A triangulation of the harbor was made by the U. S. Coast Survey in 1859, which gives the mean height of the rise of the tide 4.2 feet. The site of the city is level and elevated only about 12 feet above the water. When Harriet Beecher Stowe first visited St. Augustine, she said, in describing it : “ If an old, sleepy, narrow-streeted mediaeval town, with balconied houses, inner courts, and tesselated floors, had broken loose from its moorings in Spain, and, floating across the ocean intact, had stranded on a beach of the New World, that town would have been St. Augustine.” The great auth- oress made this remark in the old St. Francis Street, sleepy days of the ancient city, when sitting on the parapet of Fort Marion with its Span- ish coat of arms, and its three-hundred-}'ear-old inscription above the massive port-cullis, when St. Augustine had but two thousand inhabi- tants. To-day she boasts of upwards of ten thousand people, with from forty to fifty thousand winter visitors, and palatial hotels, unex- celled in this country or in Europe, the most notable of which are the Ponce de Leon, Cordova, Alcazar, San IMarco, Magnolia, and the Florida Houses. The first of these, the Ponce de Leon, which the Duke of Newcastle pronounced the most magnificent building in the world, covers nearly six acres of land, and has 375 rooms, with a grand dining hall that will seat 800 persons. The hotel is built around three sides of a courtyard 150 feet square, with an elaborate fountain in the centre, which is self-supplied from the famous artesian well. Children on the St, Augustine Beach in February. r Iff ' lo HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. The material of its construction is coquina, the strange shell conglom- eration quarried on Anastasia Island, from which the old fort was built centuries ago, and mixed with Port- land cement, — not put up in blocks, but cast in cement, so tliat the whole structure is without Iseam. The towers are 150 feet high, B with terra-cotta bal- conies and Spanish The Monster Alligator at the Museum. turrets. The entrance to the hotel, a broad Spanish arch, is worthy of a king's palace. Passing through this, we enter the rotunda, which extends to its carved oaken col- pavements, and ela- arches will furnish of study. Thearch- Carrere & Hastings, ^d the style of the sance, and the selec- happy on account associations of the considerable bear- of the romantic old whom the hotel is trance to the din- magnificent arches the main hall being and forty-eight feet with bay windows feet. lor, 104x53 feet, di- contains a carved the roof, which, with umns, its tesselaied borately decorated material for hours h i t e c t s , Messrs, of New York, select- Spanish Renais- ti o n was particularly of the historical old town, as it has ing upon the story Spanish knight for named. The en- 5^53 ing-room is through of Verona marble, ninety feet square from floor to ceiling, projecting t h i r ty ^ The grand par- vided by portieres, Light House, mantel that is a masterpiece of art, in which is set a clock of transparent Mexican onyx. But it is impossible to give an adequate description of 12 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. the artistic beauties of the decorations of the Ponce de Leon in the brief space allotted. Just across the street is the Alcazar, built in the Moorish style of architecture, representing the Facade of the Alcazar in Seville in Spain, the palace of the Moorish kings, famous for its architectural beauty. Built of the same material as the Ponce de Leon, yet entirely The Alameda, showing the Plaza and the Ponce de Leon Hotel, different, less ornate in decoration, with lighter minerets. It stands back from the street, with a garden filled with plants, in the centre of which is a large fountain. In the Alcazar is a fine dining hall and rooms for guests, a swimming pool, with Turkish and Russian baths, stores, and offices. Diagonally opposite the Ponce de Leon is the Cordova, also in the Spanish style of architecture, and of wonderful beauty and magnifi- Court Yard of the Ponce de Leon Hotel. I I I r f i i \ u HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. cence, many of its features having been copied from buildings in the ancient Spanish city from which it takes its name. The San Marco Hotel is beautifully situated near the City Gates, commanding a fine sea view, with a table not excelled in all the South. The Magnolia, on St. George Street, is very popular, and is always well patronized. The Florida, also on St. George Street, and nearly opposite the Magnolia, is a good house. Genovar’s Opera House, The St. George, on St. George Street, The Ocean View, on Bay Streeet, are each excellent houses. And there are also many family hotels and boarding houses where good board can be obtained at reasonable rates, as Mrs. Hazeltine's, The Craddock. The Cleveland, The American, Mrs. Frazer’s, Mrs. Foster’s, The Greeno, The Hernandez. The location of each, with all information of interest to strangers may be obtained at the Fort Marion Store opposite Fort Marion. Anastasia Island. — This narrow strip of land extends along the coast about eighteen miles and forms a natural breakwater for the city, from which it is separated by Matanzas River. Its average width is about half a mile. Near the north end of the island, opposite St. The Spanish Cathedral as it now Appears, l6 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. Augustine, stands the light house, one of the noblest structures of its kind on the Atlantic coast. It was built in 1873 at a cost of more than $ 100 , 000 . Near by, on the ocean side, are the ruins of the old Spanish light house which was erected towards the close of the 17th century, and was destroyed by a storm on the 4th of June, 1880. A ferry boat makes frequent trips to the island, connecting with the railway wliich is fully described elsewhere. The Catholic Cathedral, which was constructed in 1793, was partly destroyed by fire in 1887, has since been restored, the front re- ^ The Catholic Cathedral as it appeared before the Fire, taining much of its original appearance exxepting the addition of a fine tower. Great changes have been made in the other church edifices of St. Augustine. Grace Methodist Episcopal Church, at the corner of Cordora and Carrera Streets, and the Presbyterian Church, on Valencia Street, were both built of the same material as the Ponce de Leon Hotel, and were both erected and presented to the several societies by Mr. H. M. Flagler. Coquina. This strange shell conglomeration of wdiich the old Fort and the City Gate W'ere constnrcted centuries ago is eagerly sought f . i8 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. for by visitors as souvenirs. Fine cabinet specimens, properly labeled, are presented to each visitor to the museum. Distant View of the San Marro. Gates. The sign, “ Museum,” which building, will guide the visitor to the place. The Museum, which has a frontage of 103 feet on the Govern- ment reservation, the lot extending back nearly a hundred feet on Fort Street, contains ten apartments which are full to overflowing with strange and curious articles of inter- est to the visitor. Orange Groves. — These are the pride of the city. The orange tree (citrus aurantium) with its shining leaf, white blossoms and golden fruit, flourishes finely here, and is one of the stable products of the place. One of the best groves in this location is on the Ponce de Leon hotel grounds, and should be seen by every visitor to the ancient city. In these grounds will be found a fine collection of rare semi-tropical plants, shrubs and flowers, that Mr. Old Spanish Relics.— The unique and historic col- lection of curiosities, asso- ciated with the early history of St. Augustine is naturally visited by the educated por- tion of the visitors to the ancient city. The St. Augus- tine Museum, where these valuable relics are deposited, is directly opposite Fort Mar- ion, one block from the City extends across the roof of the A Banana Blossom in the Museum Gardens. Flagler has brought from Europe, which are greatly admired by visitors. Interior of the old Slave Market, St. Augustine. 4 20 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH, The Plaza de la Const! tucion.— This fine public square open- ing on the Bay and in the central part of the city, where people “most do- Tte Presbyterian Parsonage, St. George Street. congregate,” was in a pitiable condition, being for a long time, as the Campo Vaccino at Rome, the resort of cattle, until improved by the late Mr. Holmes Ammidown, of New York. It is now laid out with well- made walks and embellished with fountains. It is shaded by the Pride of [Catching Prutn Fish in the hCatanz?s Riyer, near St, Augustine. 22 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. India, oak and other noble trees, and flanked by the Spanish Cathedral, Trinity Episcopal Church, the St. Augustine Hotel, and other notable structures. A monument, in the form of an obelisk, about twenty feet high, stands near the centre of the Plaza. It was erected in 1812-13 under the direction of Don Geronimo Alvarez, Alcalde, to commemorate the Spanish Constitution, and bears the following inscription on a mar- ble tablet : — I’LAZA I>B I,A COXSTITUCIOX. PROMULGA E.V KSTA CIUDAD DE SAX AUGUSTIX DK. LA FLORIDA, ORIENTAL EX 17 DE OCTOliRE, DE 1S12, SIEXDO GORERXADOR EL BRIGADIER DOX SEIMSTIAX RIXDALAM, CABALLERO PARA STERNA AIEMORIA, EL AVUXTAJIIENTO CONS'ITTUCION A L ERIGIO ESTE OBELISCO DIRIGIUO POR DOX FERXANDO DE LA MAZA ARREDONDO, EL .lOVEX REGIDOR DECANO. DOX FRANCISCO ROBIRA, I'ROCURADOR SINDICO. .AXO DE 1813. The Old Market. It may be thus translated : Plaza of the Constitution. Proclaimed in this city of St. Augustine, East Florida, on the 17th of October, 1812, Brigadier Don Sebastian Kindalem, Knight of the Order of San Diego, being then Governor. For eternal remembrance, the Constitu- tional City Council erected this obelisk, under the supervision of Don Fernando de la Maza Arredondo, the young municipal officer, oldest member of the Corporation, and Don Francisco Robira, Attorney and Recorder.” On the downfall of the Spanish Liberal Constitution, orders were given that this monument should be demolished, and the people removed the marble slabs containing the inscription. But as the obelisk HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. was allowed to remain, the tablets were in i8i8 restored to their places. Strangely enough for a Catholic city, as St. Augustine was when this monument was erected, the Masonic emblems of the square and com- pass are cut in the tablet immediately under the date. In his history of the city, Mr. Dewhurst thus accounts for it : “Soon after the close of the War of the Rebellion, the ‘young bloods’ amused themselves by endeavoring to create an alarm in the mind of the United States Commandant, and by executing a series of cabalistic marks at different localities throughout the town, to convey the impression that a secret society was in existence and about to do some act contrary to the peace and dignity of the United States. Resides other marks and notices posted upon private St. George Street, Showing the Bishop's Mansion. and public buildings about the town, this square and compass was one night cut upon the Spanish monument, where it will remain as long as the tablet exists, an anomaly without this e.xplanation.” The Confederate Monument, erected by the Ladies’ Memorial Society in 1880. in memory of the St. Augustine soldiers lost in the late war, stands opposite the Spanish monument, and in addition to the names of the soldiers, bears the following inscriptions: “Our dead. Erected by the Ladies’ Memorial Association, of St. Augustine, Florida, A. D. 1872.* In Memoriam. Our loved ones who gave their lives in the service of the Confederate States.” These inscriptions are on the east and west sides of the monument. On the south side are the lines: “They died far from the home that gave them birth and on the side * A broken shaft was raised this ye.ar on St. George Street to the memory of the fallen soldiers. Banana Plants in the Museum Garden, St. Augustine. 26 HKAI.TH KESOUTS OE THE SOUTH. fating north : “They have crossed the river and rest under the shade of the trees.’’ These two monuments are unique in style and give peculiar, interest to this fine old Plaza. Another object that attracts the at- tention of the visitor is a curious old bruised and battered building, sus- tained by huge square pillars, and surmounted by a cupola and bell, and bearing the name of the Old Market. It stands on the Plaza, east of the last-named monument, and is of a style of architecture, which the books have not laid down. I 5 y whom or when, or for what pur- pose it was built, will probably be never known. There is an Artesian well in the central part of the Plaza, afiTording a supply of mineral water whose virtues have e.xcellent reme- dial qualities. The Sea Wall. — Thisstructure i.s built of coquina and capped with granite, and e.\tends from Fort Marion along the Bay, in front of the city, for about one mile. It was built by the United States Govern- ment, 1S37-43, at an expense of about one hundred thousand dollars. The design of it is to protect the city from the encroachment of the sea. It rises about ten feet above low water mark, and the coping is just wide enough for two persons to walk abreast. It hence forms a favorite promenade for lovers in the gloaming. The listening stars above- and whispering waves below, alone- During Spanish Administration. 28 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. can tell what tender sentiments have been expressed, what love-troth.s plighted, on this long line of rock that separates the city from the deep. The ruins of an old sea wall, extending from the Fort to a point op- posite to the Plaza, are still visible. It was begun in 1690 by Governor Diego de Ouiroza y dosada. Fort Marion. — Anciently San Juan de Pinos, and San Marco, this celebrated structure stands at the north-eastern extremity, covers about four acres of ground, and commands the city, the harbor, and its entrance from the sea. It is built of coquina and its walls are 21 feet in height and 12 feet in thickness. It has four bastions and is constructed in accord- ance with the plans of the famous French engineer Mar- achal de Vauban. In all respects it is a military castle, and so in former times was designated. It has 27 case- mates, 35 feet long and 18 feet wide, and its complement is 100 guns and i, 000 men, though it has room for many more. It is surrounded by a moat, and its main entrance was by a draw-bridge, but for this a movable bridge has been substituted. A block of over :.se doer exlnbiis ;n alto ■~irisz-o tiie Soanisit coat of arms with a glo-'iS and and cross above, and a Maltese cross and iamb below, together with this inscription ; — REYNANDO EN ESPANA EL SER-- DOX FERNANDO SEXTO Y SIENDO GOV<"- Y CAP ■' DE ES C -1 S "" AUG DE LA FLORIDA Y SUS PROV EL MARESCAL DE CARNPO D" ALONZO FERNo- MATURE has given to Greenville remarkable advantages of situation. In beauty of scenery, in pure and balmy atmosphere, in thrift and enterprise, and as a health Resort, she stands preeminent among the flourishing towns of the New South. Is it strange, with her vast water power, her health- giving mountain breezes, her many firmly established and important industries, school privileges of unusual and acknowledged excellence, churches of nearly every denomination, and direct railway connection with leading business centers, is it strange that she has gathered to her peaceful domain, over ten thousand prosperous people, and organized numerous industries, social and educational institutions which are now in full and beneficent activity ? Greenville was first settled by white men in 1777, though centuries before, the red men made their favorite camping ground on the banks of the Reedy River. HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. S6 The antiquarian is constantly finding arrow-heads, hatchets, pestles, bone instruments, and remnants of pottery, the rewards of careful search on this prehistoric ground. The original name of the town was “ Pleasantville.” In 1831 the village was incorporated and the name changed to Greenville, in honor of Gen. Nathaniel Green, the patriot soldier of the Revolution. The general surface of the country at and around the city is that of The Young Men's Christian Association Buiiding. a rolling plain, varied by stream, valley and rounded hill and low ridges, but everywhere open and commanding wide stretches of charm- ingly picturesque valley landscapes ; with Paris mountain and the peaks of the Blue Ridge as a background, bold in relief and beautiful in out- line and color. Greenville’s Growth. — In 1824 the population of the town was 450, and the growth was very slow for thirty years. In 1S60 the number of inhabitants was 1815 ; in 1870, 2757 ; in i 83 o, 6160 ; in HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 57 1883, 8355, and has rapidly increased since that date, the population now being upwards of 10,000. Climate and Health. — One of the first considerations in seeking a home in a new country, is its healthfulness. We clip the following from the Augusta Chronicle, of April nth, 1887 : The record of the temperature in Greenville shows a remarkable uniformity for all seasons of the year. And even when the thermome- ter is at its lowest in winter or its highest in summer, the dr}' atmos- The Residence of Wm. Wilkins. phere tempers the cold as well as the heat, and the climate is therefore exceedingly pleasant all the year round. I do not believe there is another city in the country that has so equable a temperature through- out the year, and where the people suffer less from heat or cold. By close and accurate observation, during a number of years, the average highest temperature has been found to be for January 40° to 42°, and for July and August 70° to 75°. The average annual temperature is 59°.'’ The chief factors in producing the extraordinary healthfulness for which this region has for generations been celebrated, are the mildness 58 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. and general equability of its winter climate, the preponderance of bright sunny days, which enable the invalid to pass most of the time in the open air, the absence of fogs, and the remarkable invigorating influence of the atmosphere. Situated at an elevation of 1145 feet above the level of the sea, protected from the cold north-west winds by Paris mountain — a spur of the Blue Ridge — Greenville possesses climatic peculiarities which approach more nearly the ideal of what a The Greenville Conservatory of Music. climate for pulmonary invalids should be than any other health re.sort in this country or Europe. While Florida, Minnesota, and the Mediterranean Health Resorts offer flattering attractions to the invalid for a few months of the year, we here have the best all the year climate in the world, as is evidenced by the remarkable longevity of its inhabitants, and the wonderful salu- brity of its climate. Speaking of the climate of the “ Piedmont Region,” i\Ir. James E. Calhoun said: — “Blessed with sunshine and showers throughout the HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH 59 year ; there is just winter enough to keep the insects in check, while the pomegranate and fig do not require to be sheltered. Nowhere can be found a larger percentage of the population of seventy years and upwards. I am an octogenarian, with the fresh vitality of twentv-five.” The weather during many months partakes of that delightful interlude known at the North as the Indian Summer. Invalids may prolong life at this delightful spot, for the pure oxide contained in every atom of air, and snuffed in at every breath has a most efficacious effect upon the system. Patients in the last stages of consumption should not come The Residence of Hamlin Beattie. South, they had much better remain at home among friends, but in the early stages of bronchitis, laryngitis and other diseases of the respira- tory organs, health and renewed vigor is almost certain by a continued residence in this region — and the sufferer from catarrh, and his name is legion, will here find relief — but while Greenville will receive the invalid tenderly, sympathetically, and cordially, she needs able-bodied, clear-headed business men, manufacturers and farmers. To these she holds out both hands. This is no place for poor emigrants. It is folly to come here without money unless one has a good trade. Laborers are not needed, the colored people supply that want. The South Carolina ■6o HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. negro, compared with his brother of Florida, is faithful and trustworthy. He is satisfied with reasonable wages and seems contented and happy. Skilled white labor, however, is always in demand, and there are now many good openings for business here •, for particulars of which write to the Greenville Board of Trade. Houses are in demand and at a good rental. Labor is cheap. If you have money to loan, you will receive from eight to ten per cent, interest, with undoubted security. The titles to real estate are The Residence of John H. Maxwell, M. D. generally good. We believe there is no place where a northern farmer with sufficient capital to buy his farm and stock it, or to set out a vineyard, can do as well as in this “ Piedmont Region,” and the people here will make him feel at home at once. Indeed, he will see no differ- ence between them and his old neighbors at home in all that makes a kind considerate neighbor. Emigration agents who are anxious to dispose of large tracts of wild land, will tell you that it is better for settlers to locate in colonies, this is not at all necssary in this State. Come and settle wherever you can find a good plantation that suits you. Ttie Reedy River Water Falls In Greenville, S. C. 62 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. and you will find nice people in your neighborhood. Whether or not they are congenial will depend largely upon yourself. Greenville has a prosperous and fertile country tributary, and a lovelier site on which to build a city could not have been found. Situated at the foot of the mountain, with a swift riv'er flowing through, forming natural drainage for the town, on either side the land rising into low ranges of hills, the streets wide and laid out with reference to her future needs, along which shade trees have been planted, and already, from any of the high points around, presents the appearance of The Residence of C. H. Lanneau. a vast grove with here and there an attractive residence peeping out, and overlooking the whole is seen the stately towers of the Furman University. ' “ Greenville is a typical town of the old South, preserved in all the warm-heartedness, refinement, culture, and hospitality of those days, yet, throbbing with enterprise and expanding with prosperity, a repre- sentative city of the new' South."’ Fire Department. — Greenville has excellent fire protection, in charge of energetic, wide-awake, volunteer citizens. The Greenville Female College. 64 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. Public Building’S. — Although Greenville boasts no distinction for her public buildings, she has those which would be an ornament to any town in the Commonwealth. Engravings of several of which we present herewith. Taxes are low, the expenses of the State government being less than four hundred thousand dollars a year, and the valuation is ex- tremely low. The laws are faithfully administered, and bear equally upon all citizens. The financial condition of the city is good. A Colored Washing Camp Newspapers. — Greenville has an able daily paper — the A ews and three weeklies. The Etiterprise and IMountaineer , the Weekly News, and the Baptist Courier. An agricultural paper, the Cotton Pla7it, is also published here. Tbe Grreen’ville Bar numbers some of the best la\\\ers in the South. Bird's Eyo View of Greenville. 66 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. Banking Facilities are well supplied by the National Bank of Greenville and the People’s Bank, both of which are solid and in a flourishing condition. The Greenville Savings Bank is also a popular institution. Private Residences. — Greenville has many beautiful homes, some of which are represented by our engravings. Fancy Stock Farms. — What can be done in this line in the Piedmont Region may be seen by a visit to the MUlsdale Stock The Millsdale Stock Farm. Farm, situated on Augusta Street, where Capt. Mills has a fine herd of Jerseys. The Gas Works which were established in 1S69, by IMessrs. Asbury & Son, are situated at the corner of Boyce and Broad Streets, and were first illuminated to celebrate the declaration of secession at Charleston. Messrs. Asbury have recently added an Electric Light Plant which is now in successful operation. The Ice Factory supplies the city with a good quality of ice. Wood’s Carp Ponds, situated a short drive east from the < ity, are well worth visiting. These ponds, six in number, are fed by The Presbyterian Church, Greenville. 68 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. the waters of Laurel Creek, and are stocked with Scale Carp, fully a hundred thousand, many of them measuring 27 inches in length, which are Mr. Wood’s stock fish, and will average from seven to nine pounds each. One of the ponds, 225 x 100 feet, seems almost alive with fish. A piece of cracker thrown into the water will immediately cause a great commotion, and it is only necessary to clap ones hands to make the voracious and beautiful carp appear. To breed carp requires but little attention, and the occupation is very fascinating and promises to be highly remunerative. The Residence of W. T. Shunnate. Paris Mountain. — This popular Summer Resort, is five miles north of the city ; named in honor of Richard Paris who first settled in the county. It is 2060 feet above the level of the sea and 800 teet above Greenville. Here peaches, grapes and berries make wonderful growth, and here several .summer cottages have been erected by citizens of Greenville. Lownes’ Hill from which a charming view is obtained, is three miles east of the city, and a favorite drive. Crescent Ridge- — About a mile south is one of the most beautiful sections of the city and is destined to become a popular place of residence. The views from this locality are really enchanting. Tha "East End" Schoolhouse Greenville. 70 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. Manufactures. — Greenville, with its abundant water power, which is far from being utilized, offers great inducements to manufac- turers. She now has an extensive Carriage Manufactory, a Cotton-seed Oil Mill, and two Foundries and Machine Shops, an Ice Factory, and other important industries, including four Cotton Mills. The Huguenot Mills, the two Camperdown Mills, the Lanneau Mill, and the Piedmont Mill which is the largest, with a capital of half a million dollars. Other mills contiguous to Greenville are the Pelzer Cloth Mill, the Reedy River Cloth Mill, the Fork Shoals Yarn Mill, the Batesville Mill, and the Pelham Mill, all of which are in a prosperous condition. The Lanneau Mill. That cotton manufacturing in the South is very profitable, is evidenced by the fact that such great mills as the Piedmont, Pelzer, Clifton and Pacelot, in South Carolina, are spending from $230,000 to $500,000 in enlarging their capacity, and while mills at the North have increased only twenty per cent, since 1880, the mills of the .South show an increase of over one hundred per cent, during the .same period. The value of cotton goods manufactured in the South in 1887 was $43,000,000, against $21,000,000 in 1880. The first cotton mill in the State was established in this county in 1835. The following letter from one of Greenville’s most prominent citizens will be read with interest : The Furman University, Greenville. 72 HEALTH RESORTS OK THE SOUTH. “Greenville has exceptional natural advantages as a manufacturing center. With her splendid railroad facilities, her mild and healthful climate ; fertile soil, and unsurpassed water power, and cheap and abundant labor, she may challenge the world in the production of cheap goods. These facts have of late years been appreciated by capi- talists who have invested largely in the numerous and prosperous cotton mills in and around the city, all of which are paying handsome dividends, and are an important factor in promoting the growth and prosperity of this section of the country. The capital invested in these enterprises, in this immediate section The Ferguson and Miller Building. since 1876, will not fall far short of ($2,000,000) two millions of dol- lars, no inconsiderable part of which has been furnished by northern capitalists. Before tlie war it was a rare occurrence that a bale of cotton was seen in the cit)-. Of late years the number of bales sold in Greenville has reached in the neighborhood of thirty-five thousand. One or more of the cotton mills near here, each consume during the year not less than twelve or fifteen thousand bales. The city has recently purchased a parcel of real estate, eligibly and conveniently located, and are now engaged in developing it into a delightful park which promises to be one of the attractive features of Greenville. T]ie Methodist Church, Greenville. 74 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. The Fire Department is well organized and equipped, and very efficient. The city is brilliantly lighted bv Gas, and two Electric Plants, the Brush and Thompson-Houston. She has two well drilled and handsomely uniformed military companies. The Carolina, Knoxville & Western Railroad is in rapid process of construction, and will contribute immensely to the growth of the city, connecting her as it will with the great cities of the North-west by the shortest and most direct line. The people of Greenville are generous and hospitable, and welcome Th3 Residence of T. Q. Donaldson. all who come within her borders, and lend a helping hand to all who are disposed to help themselves.'’ T. O. Donaldson. Vineyards. — Vine growing and wine making constitute an im- portant industry in this region. There are about a dozen flourishing vineyards in and about the city, producing in perfection many varieties of table and wine-grape. It is here that the grape finds a congenial home as regards both soil and climate, being free from the fogs that some- times work injury to the vine in less favored localities. The principal \ineyards are the “Mammoth Wneyard,"’ situated about four miles west of the city, owned by Madame Carpin, containing 75 acres of The Baptist Church, Greenville, 76 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. grapes with over 65,000 vines, and substantial buildings. This vineyard is now offt red for sale by the Chapin farm agency of Boston, which has a branch in this city where every assistance will be given visitors who may be seeking homes or investments. The next in size is the Marshall vineyard, is now owned by Jules Ernest David. The estate contains 200 acres, with fully 50,000 vines, beautifully located on the side of the Paris mountain overlooking the city. Among the other vineyards is the Germantown vineyard of Mr. Hahn, and that of H. M. Buist from whom we have received the following article which will be read with interest : " The Mammoth Vineyard.” Grapes. — The Piedmont section of South Carolina of which Green- ville County is the centre, is well adapted to the growing of fruit, espe- cially the grape. It has proved such a success that vineyards are being planted on all sides. The past season, at least a hundred thousand pounds of table grapes were shipped to market, and twice that amount was used in the manufacture of wine. This industry has passed the stage of experiment, and now awaits the hands of patient workers to develop it into one of the best paying branches of agriculture. Main Street, Greenville. % 78 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. The soil and climate are well suited to the growth of the grape, and if a suitable situation is selected and hardy varieties planted, there need be no such thing as failure. The varieties of grapes that have proved best suited to this section are, the Concord, Brighton, Moore's Early, Worden, Martha, Delaware, Ives, Clinton, and Morton’s Virginia. There are many other varieties of choice grapes not in this list because they have not been tested sufficiently to be depended upon. I believe the grape industry has a great future before it in this section of the South, and one visit made to our section will convince any one that he The Residence of H. B. Buist. who plants a vineyard here, and cultivates it wisely, will surely succeed. The cost of preparing the land, purchase of vines, planting, posts and wire will be from fifty to one hundred dollars per acre. This difference in cost is owing to the value of rooted vines ; thus. Concords will cost two dollars and Morton's ten dollars per hundred. The proper number of vines to be planted has been found to be five hundred j)er acre, this allows the cultivation of other crops, such as melons, peas, pinders, etc. between the vines, which pay all expense of cultivation, even after the vines come into bearing. Profits to the grape grower are generally very large as compared to the other crops, seldom falling below fifty So HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. dollars, and often going as high as two to five hundred dollars per acre. The grape season in this section begins about July loth and con- tinues until September ist. This gives us the advantage of furnishing the northern and western cities, and later in the season the southern cities, enabling us to realize the best prices at all times. Greenville, June 25, 1888. H. B. BUIST. Stock Raising' in the Piedmont Region.— For stock raising, the beautiful country around “the pearl of the Piedmont," as The Residence of Julius C, Smith. the city of Greenville is appropriately styled, is perhaps unsurpassed iix, the South. The section comprises a broad and fertile belt of hilly country, extending east and west at the foot of the Blue Ridge moun- tains, and known as the Piedmont Region in the State's geological survey. The country is well watered by clear silvery streams which flow from the mountains, affording water as pure as that from a well kept spring. The climate is excellent, the city and section being the summer resort for thousands of people from the country furthei south and from the seaboard. These considerations, pure water and air, remove all mystery from the question of the remarkable and note- 82 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. worthy absence of contagious diseases among stock. When cattle, horses, sheep and hogs are dying from infectious and contagious dis- eases by the hundred in other sections of the country, it is a fact that speaks out boldly for this region, that no signs of disease are to be seen as a rule, and when imported from other sections the diseases have never been known to spread, but soon disappear. This is only in ac- cordance with the fact that malarial and other germ diseases of the human body are no terror to the people of Greenville and vicinity. When the yellow fever is raging in the coast cities, Greenville opens The Residence of J. P. Miller. (Ferguson & Miller.) wide the door of welcome to fleeing refugees instead of establishing a quarantine regulation. The same laws govern, of course, in animal and human diseases, i. e., pure water and pure air prevent the multiplication of the seeds of disease, and hinder its spreading from farm to farm. Aside from the questions of disease, it cannot be doubted, (and it is proven with those who have observed it in practice,) that the same climatic conditions contribute to bodily health and vigor and early de- velopment in the cow or horse as well as in the human individual. These are not theoretical assertions. Let him who doubts visit the country and see for himself the few herds of thoroughbreds owned by the enterprising citizens of the country about Greenville, as the}' graze The Gower & Reilly Warehouse, Washington Street, Greenville. I 84 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. in picturesque slopes and valleys, amid scenes of natural beauty, that inspire the poet and painter and teach the people of the Piedmont to love and cherish their smiling and beautiful country. Nature has sup- plied here every condition and advantage necessary to successful stock- raising, and what has been left to man to complete, in the way of com- mercial facilities, is being done at the present time in the building of railroads in all directions from the city of Greenville, across the mount- ains to the great West, through to the seaport cities of Charleston and Savannah, and to the great harbor of the South, Port Royal. The soil The Residence of John D. Sullivan. and length of the growing season render the growth of forage and ensilage crops an easy matter. Two crops of Indian corn are grown for ensilage in a season on the same soil. The sorghum crops are at home on the soil and climate of this section, while most of the culti- vated grasses, particularly red clover, lucerne, orchard grass, red-top, timothy and Bermuda grass, and other forage and grazing crops grow luxuriantly and produce enormously. The soil varies through all the grades from heavy clay to light sand and alluvial bottoms, and bold sparkling springs and branches can be found on almost any small farm. The country is rolling, beautiful and fertile, as well as health}-. It is rapidly being settled up, and the best farm lands are going up in "Sans Souci,” The Gov. Perry Residence. Greenville. 86 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH price, although now obtainable at reasonable figures. The opportunity for the breeder of fine stock is now. Fine breeds are the order of the day and the scrub must go. The home market will be a good one for years to come, as fine breeds of stock are yet scarce and high priced, while a decided preference is given, always, for stock raised at home over animals raised in other States which have to be shipped a long distance and “ acclimated.” Whether this preference is from prejudice or otherwise, it matters not. The cow, hog, sheep or other animal of unquestioned pedigree, raised in the Piedmont county we are describ- The Residence of Mrs. L. B. Cline. ing, will find readier sale with the farmers of the State, than those brought from elsewhere. Hence, the opportunity for the enterprising stock breeder. The best market for his products is right at his g^te where the farmers will come and purchase. Shipping facilities by rail are already ample in five directions from Greenville — north, south, east and west : to the mountains and westward by a new road which will be completed across the Blue Ridge within a year, and by the several lines to the various counties of this and adjoining States. The professional stock raiser could hardly ask for better opportunities and facilities than he can find here for the successful pursuit of his business. There are A South Caiolina Garden Scene, HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. golden opportunities for men of the right stamp with capital to back them, and likewise for men of moderate means. There are other ad- vantages than those enumerated. The winters are mild, requiring less food for stock during the winter months, and some of the grasses afford good grazing from summer to summer, namely : Bermuda, whose nutritious stems remain succulent and sweet until mid-winter under the dead tops, on plats not summer-grazed, and Kentucky blue grass which makes excellent growth from Christmas until spring. Orchard grass also affords good winter grazing, as well as Burr clover, rye and barley. Green pastures are thus available throughout the year, while the snows of winter are of short duration. It is a conceded fact that heifers de- The Residence of Squire McBee. velop into well grown milch cows in this section in much less time than they do at the North, and at far less expense. Why cannot the Pied- mont country of South Carolina supply the northern dairy-man with, the cows he must buy ?” Millsdale. The Street Railway is owned by Messrs. Gower and Reilly. The cars run from the Air Line Railroad Station, through W’ashington,. Main and Augusta streets to the Station of the Columbia and Green- ville Railroad, passing all the hotels, the Court House and the prin- cipal business houses. The fare is five cents, or fifty tickets for two. dollars. Lion’s Head Mountain, near Caesar's Head Hotel. 90 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. The Telephone.^ — The Greenville Telephone Company has three of the longest lines in the State, and is in a prosperous condition. Churches. — One of the first acts of the settlers of Greenville was to prepare some suitable place for the worship of God, and that the spiritual wants of the people are now well supplied, is indicated by the beautiful church edifices which are represented by our engravings. They are well situated, and are each blessed with pastors who are con- secrated to the work of the Master and are working earnestly and suc- cessfully in His cause. Besides the Episcopal. Presbyterian, Baptist, Prof. A. E. Towne's Cottage at the Female College. and Methodist, the Catholics have a commodious house of worship with a parsonage attached. The Young Men's Christian Association has a large membership and is doing a good work. The colored people of Greenville, who as a class are church goers and constant attendants upon divine worship, have suitable churches. Schools. — Besides the public schools, which are of a high order. Greenville is the seat of the Furman University, one of the best col- leges in the South. Faculty. — Rev. Chas. Manly, D. D., President ; Rev. Jas. C. Furman. D. U., Prof. Moral Philosophy : C. H. Judson, HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 9 ' L. L. D., Prof. Mathematics; H. T. Cook, A. M., Prof. Ancient Lan- guages ; W. F. Watson, A. M., Prof. Physics and Chemistry; C. Manly, D. D., Prof. English Language and Literature ; H. H. Watkins, A. M., Principal Preparatory Department. The University comprises seven separate schools. These schools are so arrahged as to enable the student to pursue to the best advan- tage any particular course of study he may' select, while definite courses are prescribed for each of the several degrees conferred by the Univer- sity. The annual session begins the last Wednesday in September and continues uninterruptedly until the third Thursday in June. For full information in regard to advantages offered, expenses of board and tuition, apply for catalogue to Prof. H. T. Cook, Greenville The Greenville Female College is situated in one of the most desirable sections of the city. Our engraving is the original design for the complete building. The corps of instructors rank among the most experienced in the State. The following are the Board of Trustees ; — T- !’• Smith, Presi- 92 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. dent, Charleston, S. C. ; G. G. Wells, Secretary, Greenville, S. C. ; J. A. W. Thomas, A. B. Woodruff, Julius C. Smith, R. B. Watson, James A. Hoyt, R. W. Sanders, John Stout, W. C. Coker, E. B. Murray, J. W. Stribling, John Lawton. Executive Coinmittee — Charles Manly, Chairman; J. C. Smith, Au- ditor; G. G.Wells, Secretar}' ; C. H. Judson, Treasurer ; James A. Hoyt. Fac7ilty. — A. S. Townes, President, English, Latin, Mental and Moral Science ; Miss Mary C. Judson, Lady Principal, Logic, Physical Sciences, Elocution and Calisthenics ; Miss Caroline D. Dawson, French, The Exchange Hotel. Mathematics and History ; Miss Bessy Bagby, English, Latin and Mathematics ; Miss Lucy R. Hoyt, Composition, Latin and English ; Prof. W. F. Watson, {Prof. Chc7n. ajid P/tys. in Ftirman University,) Special Lecturer on Physics and Chemistry ; Prof. J. M. Perry, Pen- manship and Book-Keeping ; Miss F. G. Bibb, Principal of Academic Department, Miss Julia Lide, First Assistant, Miss Ida I. Wells, Second Assistant; Miss Maggie G. Grifhth, Principal of Primary Department. Miss Helen R. Platt, principal of the Art Department. A fine studio fitted with models, drawing and painting apparatus, affords every advan- tage to the student. HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 93 The Conservatory of Music is situated on College Street adjoining the grounds of the Female College, on one of the highest points in the city, and but a few minutes’ walk from the business centre. The building is heated by steam and has all the modern appliances of gas, water, bath rooms, fire escapes, etc. Prof. M. G. De Camps, Director of the Conservatory, and for many years Professor of Music in the Female College, conceived the idea of establishing a school where music should be thoroughly and exclusively taught, believing that such a one, maintaining a high standard of das- Residence of R. L, R, Bentz, Greenville, sical culture in taste and execution, would be liberally patronized by the music-loving families of the South, and he erected the beautiful build- ing of which we have prepared an engraving, and the conservatory is in a flourishing condition, of which the people of Greenville are justly proud. The New Post OflSce Building, which the government is build- ing at a cost of $100,000, is at the corner of Main and Broad Streets, nearly in the geographical center of the city. Our engraving repro- duced fro.n the architect’s drawing is a faithful representation of the structure as it will appear when completed. 94 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. Public Schools. — The graded schools are a source of much pride to the citizens of Greenville, and their growth and increase is watched with great interest. Prof. W. S. Morrison has made a tabulated state- ment, showing the growth made during the past three years, which is given below : “ The number of scholars enrolled in 1886-87 was 456 — whites, 232 ; colored, 224. The average attendance was 339 — whites, 185 : colored, 154. The number in 1887-88 was 659 — whites, 388; colored, 271. In- Residence of T. C. Gower, Greenville. crease over the previous year, 203. The average attendance was 454 — whites, 286; colored, 168. Increase over the preceding year, 115. The number in 1888-89 was 796 — whites, 431 ; colored, 365. In- crease over the preceding year, 137. The average attendance was 629 — whites, 361 ; colored, 268. Increase over the preceding year 175. The number in 1889-90, so far as enrolled has been 1071 — whites, 542; colored, 529. Increase over the preceding year, 275. The average attendance so far has been 858 — whites, 459; colored. 399. Increase over the preceding year, 229. HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 95 Hotels. — Greenville has excellent hotel accommodations, F oremost is the Mansion House, kept by A. A. Gates, who has had a valuable Northern experience, and keeps a popular house. The Exch.ange Hotel is another good house kept by Capt. W. H. White, an old-time Southern hotel keeper, who has a warm welcome for every guest, and a good table. At either of these houses you will fare as well as you could wish. Here you will find fat, yellow-legged chickens, butter without any features of oleomargarine, mutton from the mountain sides Residence of George Heldmann, Greenville. where the water, the air, the feed, all combine to make it the finest in the world. Everything well cooked ; the table cloths, napkins, every- thing nice and clean. Here a home feeling comes over you and you repeat to yourself the Ponce de Leon’s words of welcome : “ Who’er has travelled life’s dull round, Where’er his stages may have been, May sigh to think he still has found The warmest welcome at an inn.” There are several smaller hotels and numerous boarding houses throughout the city where board may be obtained at various prices. 96 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH, T HE Altamonte. — This new and popular hotel on the summit of Paris Mountain about an hour’s ride from the city, under the efficient manage- ment of A. H. French, has had a prosperous season. Situated over The Altamonte Hotel, Paris Mountain, near Greenville. 2000 feet above the level of the sea and commanding views of the sur- rounding country grand beyond conception, it will not be surprising if The Shumate Mill, Greenville. the success with which it is meeting should cause the stock holders to Tlouble its capacity before another season. HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 97 Market Gardening. — That there is money in raising vegetables for the Greenville market is evident from the experience of Mr. Schwies, described in the Greenville News of Oct. 24 : “ The News reporter went out yesterday to the market garden of Henry Schwies, which is just beyond the Lanneau cotton mill on McDaniel Street. Mr. Schwies is a German and has had large exper- ience in this line. He cultivates eight acres, and while it is late in the year to speak of vegetables, still a few figures concerning this enter- prise will show that a business of this kind, properly managed, will yield a fair income. The land on which Mr. Schwies lives was not in a very high state of cultivation when he moved here si.x years ago, but with patience and hard work in the interval, it has produced this year 600 bushels of sweet potatoes, 400 of Irish potatoes, 800 of turnips, 50 of English peas and 75 of beans. Besides these, he has raised 8,000 head of cabbage — and tomatoes without number. The smaller herbs and vegetables have not been neg- lected, as a glance at his garden will show. The total receipts for this year from the sale of his pro- ducts amounted to $1800, not a small sum by any means. When the fact that he raised everything he eats and the food for his stock is taken into consideration, it is evident that truck farming pays even when the farmers’ market is a city of no more than ten thousand inhabitants.” The Chapin Farm Agency, of Greenville, have several desirable small farms for sale near Greenville at extraordinary low prices and upon very easy terms of payment, besides vineyards and cotton plantations throughout the Piedmont Region. Full particulars will be mailed, post paid, on application. HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. Crescent Ridge is one of the most healthy and attractive sections of the city for residences. The situation is exceedingly pleasant, the views really enchanting ; located a few rods south of the forest-covered grounds of the Furman University and but a few minutes’ walk from steam and street cars ; with electric lights on the next block ; in a The Carrier Building' and Piedmont Improvement Company Office. neighborhood unsurpassed in the city ; with perfect drainage and a soil of great fertility these lots will rapidly be improved. Every lot will be sold under restrictions so that nothing objectionable can get a foothold ; and here is located the Greenville AIiner.\l Spring, a HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 99 water of remarkable value in cases of dyspepsia, indigestion and liver complaint as attested by Dr. H. L. Bovvker, the State assayer of Massa- chusetts : COMMONWEALTH OF MASSACHUSETTS. Certificate of An.\lysis. State Assayer’s Office, 297 Franklin St., Boston, Mass., Oct. 29, 1889. To the Piedmont Improveme7it Company, Greenville, S. C. t The sample of water, marked “ Greenville Mineral Spring water,” submitted for analysis, has been carefully examined, with the following results : — It contains in parts per 100,000 : Silica, . . . . . . . . ■ . .800 Oxide of Iron and Aluminum, ..... .400 Carbonate of Lime, ...... 1.200 Magnesium Carbonate 700 Sodium Carbonate, 1.824 Chloride of Sodium, ....... .966 Chloride of Potassium 610 Free Ammonia, ........ .005 Albuminoid Ammonia, ...... .006 Total, . . . . . . . . .6.511 Total number of grains per U. S. gallon, . . 3.64 It is a first-class spring water in every respect and would be found beneficial To those who are troubled with dyspepsia, indigestion or disarrangement of the digestive organs. It would be also beneficial in weakness or disease of the urinary organs; or where the blood is impure from zymotic diseases, improper habits of living, etc. [Signed] H. L. Bowker, State Assayer. That this is a valuable water for kidney difficulties is evident from a subsequent letter received from Dr. Bowker. The Poland Spring water referred to has for many years been noted for its efficacy in the treatment of diseases of the liver and kidneys, and has yielded an immense fortune to its proprietors. State Assayer’s Office, 295 and 297 Franklin St. Dr. H. L. Bowker, State Assayer, Boston, No\'. 2, 1889, Piedmont Improvement Company, Greenville, S. C.: Dear Sirs, — In reply to your note of the 31st, ult., inquiring what water, if any, the Greenville Medical Spring compares with, would say, that so far as I have made comparison, it comes nearest to the Poland Mineral Spring water lOO HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH of Maine. There is only the difference of a few grains per gallon in total solids and there is a great similarity in their composition. Vours truly, H. L. Bowker. The spring is situated in a small oak grove, but a short distance from the Furman University, just a pleasant walk from the centre of the city. The public are cordially invited to visit the spring and drink of its health-giving waters. There are other springs of pure cool water in the Crescent Ridge section of Greenville, and the well water, which is free stone, is noted The Greenville Machine Works. for its purity. As a location for the establishment of a home no spot offers more attractions. Ceesar’s Head.— “ Cesar’s Head Mountain is an outlying spur of the Blue Ridge in upper South Carolina, 4600 feet above the sea. The scenery from this mountain summit presents a panoramic view, varied, grand and beautiful beyond description. Objects more than 200 miles apart are distinctly seen by the unaided eye. The extent of view is only limited by the capacity of vision. In the vicinity are nu- merous waterfalls and cascades unsurpassed for beauty and grandeur in the southern country. The altitude and latitude combined for a HEALTH RESORTS OF TAE SOUTH lOI climate unparalleled, with an atmosphere cool, dry, soft and balmy, and wonderfully invigorating. It is a veritable “ elixir of life.” No dews, no frosts. Having an average temperature in the summer months of from 6o° to 70°, which charms the visitor into a pleasant forgetfulness of the burning heat which he has left behind him. Malarial and ner- vous diseases — Consumption, bronchitis, hay fever and general debility are promptly relieved. The hotel is situated upon the summit of this mountain, surrounded by magnificent shade trees and beautiful grassy lawns, commanding extended views of the surrounding country from TheCssar's Head Hotel, every nook and corner. Near the hotel is a Mhieral Spi'ing contain- ing protoxide of iron, chlorine, magnesia, silicic acid, soda and sul- phuric acid. Cold free-stone springs abundant. Delightful walks and drives. The capacity of the hotel is about 200. Every convenience possible is provided. There are daily mails, livery stable, and varied amusements.” How to reach Caesar’s Head. — From Atlanta or Richmond to Greenville, S. C., from thence by the Carolina, Knoxville & Western R. R., or by carriage, eight hours over good roads through a delightful .country. The place is easily reached trom Asheville or Hendersonville, 102 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH N, C., and when the C. K. & W. Koad is completed, from Knoxville,. Tenn., by rail. On Cedar Mountain, about midway between Caesar’s Head and Buck Forest, on the road leading to Hendersonville, N. C., is the “ Hotel DE Gower,” erected by Mr. T. C. Gower, of Greenville. The locatioa of this house which is well described by our engraving, is very fine,. Casars Head Mountain. commanding scenery grand beyond description. Tourists can take the cars of the Carolina, Knox\ ille & Western R. R., or by taking the stage at Greenville, will travel over the “ Jones Gap Turnpike,” a splen- did road, passing through the most lovely scenery of fertile valleys, beautiful cascades, and towering mountains. The proprietor has just completed an e.xcellent road leading to the HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 103 top of Bradford Mountain, a distance of about two and one-half miles from the hotel. This is one of the highest peaks in this range of moun- tains, from which there is a most lovely and extended view on all sides. In one direction, looking over the intervening mountain range, is spread out a magnificent view of the adjoining Counties of Greenville and Pickens in the Palmetto State, while around on every hand are piled the numerous peaks and ranges of western North Carolina. Various other points of interest are within easy reach, which, com- bined with the delightfully cool climate, invigorating atmosphere and The Hotel de Gower on Cedar Mountain, pure ice-cold spring water, makes this one of the most attractive Sum- mer Resorts in the South, to those in quest of health or recreation. Persons desiring to take conveyance from Greenville, can obtain all necessary information by applying to Messrs. Gower & Reilly, City Warehouse, Greenville. The rates of board are $1.50 per day; $9.00 per week, or $30.00 per month. Gold. — Perhaps it is not generally known that Greenville County is a rich mineral section, but such is evidently the fact. Nuggets of gold are frequently brought into the city. South Carolina Deaf and Dumh Asylum. Semopesb, 0e©pgi§ ''N the centre of that surpassingly beautiful and healthful region, known as the Chattahoochee Ridge, in Northeast Georgia, is lo- cated the new town of Demorest, which promises to become one of the fairest and health and plea- the entire South, the most pros- ing business the whole nation. County, in which cated, has. the tion of having rate, in propor- lation, than any the United town lies 1600 level of the sea. tude ; the llfe- breezes ; the crystal springs ; water in wells the mild seasons changes, all corn- favored region ingly healthful the earth. most popular sure resorts in as well as one of perous andthriv- communities in Habersham Demorest is lo- proud distinc- a smaller death- tion to the popu- other county in S t a t e s . The feet above the The high alti- giving mountain numberless cool, the pure, soft and streams, and with their gentle bine to make this the most surpas- on the face of Mt. Yonah, View from Demorest Heights. No malaria exists. Malarious diseases are unknown in the vicinity of Demorest. No epidemics have ever prevailed. The region is abso- lutely free .from the da 7 iger of yellow fever visitations. That fatal io6 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. disease has never been epidemic in any part of the world with an alti- tude of 600 feet above sea level. De 7 norest lies a thousand feet above the danger litie. During the summer of 1888, when the yellow fever was decimating the population of Florida, and spreading consternation among the cities of Northern Alabama, where it dealt death daily. North Georgia opened her generous arms to receive the fear-stricken refugees, even though the yellow scourge had already attacked (hem. The terrified fugitives came by thousands ; came with fever fires consuming them ; came with the touch of death upon their sallow faces ; came almost hopeless and de- spairing, — and breathing the pure air of Georgia's highlands, their health and strength returned. And Northern Georgia did not suffer for its generous welcome. The fever did not spread. No new cases were reported from contact with the refugees, and those who caught the infection before they came, speedily recovered. For more than two generations Habersham County has been famed throughout the entire South for its unequalled healthfulness. So great is this renown that a large number of guests visit the region every sum- mer to escape the fierce tropical heats of Florida and the South Atlantic and Gulf coasts. Indian tradition also tells of annual migrations of whole tribes from the coast region further south, to hunt and fish during the summer in these healthy highlands. Even to this day, one or two aged chiefs from the reservations of South Carolina make these summer pilgrimages. When Col. M. C. Wilcox removed to the region he was a great suf- ferer from asthma and bronchial trouble. The following letter to the Secretary of the Demorest Home, Mining and Improvement Company, indicates the good results from residence in the vicinity of Demorest: Frank J. Sibley, Secretary: Dear Sir: — I regard this section of the Chattahoochee Ridge of North- east Georgia as peculiarly favorable for a permanent residence for all persons- afflicted with bronchial or throat troubles. All persons coming here during my twelve years’ management of the Mt. Airy Hotel, afflicted with asthma, and remaining here any length of time, received great benefit, some entirely recovered. This has been my home for over thirteen years. I am entirely free from asthma while here and my bronchial troubles so greatly relieved that I am seldom inconvenienced thereby. Yours very truly, M. C. Wilcox. The climate is exactly suited for an “ all-the-year-round ’ residence. Freezing days and snow are rare in winter, and summer heat is seldom Below the Old Mill, Demorest. Th6 grand mountain peaks of the Blue Ridge, plainly visible fronv Demorest, the rushing rivers, the rapids and cascades without number on the smaller creeks, the copious springs gushing from the foot of every hill and mountain, the wooded valleys through which the streams. HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. excessive. Springtime, with its soft sunshine, gentle breezes and wealth of wild flowers, comes early and lingers long. Autumn, with its rich fruitage, gorgeous coloring, bright skies, and its dreamy haze on hill and mountain, comes soon and stays late. io8 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. wander, and the rocks over which the torrents leap, all unite to form an almost endless panorama of ever-changing scenes, of which neither the tired toiler nor the dispirited pleasure-seeker or invalid could ever grow weary. A large number of pleasure drives are laid out and are being improved by tlie Demorest Company. Places of Interest in the Vicinity. — Added to its numerous attractions close at home, there are many points of interest worth visit- ing in the vicinity of Demorest. Toccoa Falls, i86 feet in height, are fourteen miles east. The famous Tallulah Falls, a succession of cataracts, 450 feet, falling into a rocky gorge 800 feet in depth, are seventeen miles north. Nacoochee Valley, famed for its beautiful scenery and fine farms, lies fourteen miles northwest. Mt. Yonah, 3600 feet in height, and an easily accessible peak of the Appalachian chain of mountains, rears its head seventeen miles to the westward. Currahee Mountain, 1740 feet high, where the I ndians formerly mined silv'er, is thirteen miles southward. Anyone of these points of interest may be reached in a half day's drive from Demorest. The natural roads are good at all seasons. The town was laid out and improved by the Demorest Home, Mining and Improvement Company, which was organized to develop the abun- dant mineral and manufacturing resources of the country. That Com- pany has a capital stock of $1 .500,000 in 60,000 shares of 525 each. It sells small blocks of its stock from time to time as needed for permanent improvements of its property, which consists of 4000 acres of land in a solid body, several great water powers, and ine.xhaustible beds of the finest iron ore, worth many times the value of its entire capital stock. With such a solid basis of natural wealth, the stock is as secure an in- vestment as the best farm mortgages, while paying very much more than the interest on bonds and other securities. It is the purpose of the Company that is building Demorest to introduce a great number and variety of manufacturing industries. Among these the manufacture of everything made of wood will be prominent, the vast reserves of hard- wood timber extending for miles into the mountain region to the north- west, affording a supply for the most e.xtensive industries of this char- acter. Manufacturing sites, with free use of water power, will be donated to parties desiring to establish factories. A Substantial Town.— The members of the Company have the firmest faith in the future of the city. In towns “boomed” for the I 10 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. private profit of individuals, there are no real elements of success or permanence, and the originators remain in distant States with no inten- tion of taking any active part in the work of building up their ephemeral ■creations. In Demorest, the officers and stockholders of the Company manifest their faith by being the first to remove to the young city with their families and build homes. The president, secretary, attorney, super- intendent, and several other stockholders are building handsome homes for permanent residence. Natural Resources — Minerals. — As early as 1828 the value of the Demorest iron beds was recognized. Long before the era of rail- roads and rapid transportation, a Mr. Stout built a furnace and manu- factured bar iron and castings. In the office of the Company are samples of iron made by Mr. Stout over fifty )'ears ago. It shows remarkable ductility and strength, and iron workers pronounce it far superior to any bar iron they are now able to obtain. The leads of this valuable ore run for two miles across the property of the Demorest Home, Mining and Improvement Company, and are practically inexhaustible. The region is abundantly supplied with wood, suitable for making charcoal, which can be made at a very low cost ; and the finer grades of iron can nowhere be manufactured more cheapl}', or of superior quality. The unexcelled quality and inexhaustible quantity of the iron ore in and about Demorest, will soon make it a great center for the manufacture of the finer grades of iron. The precious metal, gold, exists in paying quantities in many places in the town and in the immediate vicinity. Some mines near are worked by hand labor, and even with these crude methods yield fair returns. In Currahee Mountain and the foot hills of the Blue Ridge range, rich silver ores have been found. Lead, corundum, cyanite, asbestos, mica, manganese, serpentine, talc, graphite, and other min- erals are found in different parts of Habersham County. A large vein ■of perfectly pure siliceous rock crops out near Demorest, furnishing abundance of the best material for making glass of every grade. The American Cyclopedia (edition i88i, Vol. VIII., page 365) says of Habersham County: “Iron is abundant; rubies, carnelians, and occasionally diamonds, have been found. The gold mines were for- merly among the richest in the State.”’ The region abounds in valuable timber. Pine, the universal necessity , is plenty, and pine lumber is sold and delivered at very low rates. Ine.x- HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 1 1 I haustlble quantities of valuable oak cover the large area of country be- tween Demorest and the mountains on the northwest. White oak, chestnut oak, Spanish oak, post oak, and many other varieties, are so plentiful that they are being cut merely for the bark, which is sold at such low prices that large profits are made in tanning leather. Several of these varieties of oak are suitable for manufacture of the finest furni- ture ; others for wagon and carriage timber and many other purposes. Poplar, hickory, ash, elm, maple, hackberry, sycamore and other woods grow more or less plentifully. One Most Desirable Feature of Demorest as a resort for plea- sure seekers and invalids will always b.e the business life and activity, drawing the attention of the health-seeker from his own ills and engross- ing him with other interests. The Name Demorest was given to the town in honor of that widely-known philanthropist, educator and temperance leader, W. Jen- nings Demorest of New York. The compliment to Mr. Demorest was genuine and unsolicited, he having no information of the intention nor of the name having been bestowed until months after the founding of the town. As would be supposed from the name selected, the Company have decreed perpetual banishment of saloons, gambling and prostitution. A clause in their deeds provides for forfeiture of the title if the owner wilfully permits these vices to flourish on his premises. Many towns have been built on the plan of excluding saloons, and they have always been strikingly successful in their development. Demorest has the addi- tional attraction for a moral people that it will not allow either of the three greatest vices to find a harbor in the community. The Word Home in the name of the Demorest Company indi- cates their plan of building a city, viz. : for every man to build and own and beautify a home. This plan ensures a substantial, law-abiding citizenship, among whom it is a pleasure to make a residence. W^ater Power for mills and factories is abundant in the town and surrounding it. The many water powers are all to be utilized in driving machinery. One has but to visit New England to become impressed with the importance of water powers as wealth producers. By the side of every “ tumbling torrent ” in these States the shrewd investor has built a mill, and thus aided in the development of a vast industrial system, which I 12 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. supports a dense population. With no broad stretches of fertile farming lands, with little mineral wealth, with almost no valuable timber remain- ing, New England steadily maintains her commercial ascendancy, and holds within her limits more accumulated wealth than any similar area in the world. Lake Demorest. On the rich, level prairies of the West, vastly productive in raw- material, with exhaustless beds of cheap coal underlying the fertile fields, with millions of consumers around them, north, south, east and west, capital has been invested in mills and factories run by steam to make the goods used in the West, and compete with the East for the industrial supremacy. And yet the cheap water power of New England has won the victory. Steam cannot win in such a contest. HEAI.TH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. I 1.3 If New England cities, handicapped by so many disadvantages, with little natural resources remaining, with a foreign country on one side and a wide ocean on two other sides, can freight their raw naterial thousands of miles and then return their manufactured articles over the same highways, and still retain their prestige as manufacturing centres because of their abundant and cheaply used water powers. Demorest will accomplish more with her vastly greater natural advantages, with equally good water powers, with markets near at home, and with far fewer obstacles to overcome. Here the producer may deliver his cotton, wool, logs, or bolts direct from the farm and forest to the door of the mill, and buy for home comfort and convenience commodities made at home with no expensive freight rates added to their cost. Shipping raw material a thousand miles to the mill to be manufactured and shipped back is a policy of industrial servitude which long impoverished the South, but the day of its deliverance is at hand. Routes and Rates of Fare and Freight. — Visitors from the Northwest go by way of Atlanta. Fare from Chicago to Demorest, $23.80; from Cincinnati. $15 35. Visitors from the East and Northeast take Piedmont Air Line from Washington. Fare from Boston, via all- rail route, $3 1 .60 ; via steamer to Norfolk, and thence by rail, $26.60. Freight rates on household furniture from New York or Philadelphia, billed to Cornelia, Georgia, less than carloads, seventy-eight cents per 100 lbs. ; full carloads, fifty-two cents per 100 lbs. From Boston or Providence, five cents more per 100 lbs. From Chicago, less than car loads, ninety-seven cents per 100 lbs. The Company has its principal office at Demorest, Habersham County, Georgia. For the convenience of Eastern investors and in- quirers an office is also open at No. 282 Washington street. Room 3, Boston, Mass., where C. Anthony Tuell, the Eastern Manager, may be seen at any time and where full information be obtained. A View of the Blue Ridge Mountains. YDismarck recently wrote to an aged vineyard owner on the Rhine as Jl/ follows ; “ r envy you your o''cupation hi the eve of your life. The vegetable kingdom repays our tender care in its behalf far more satis- factorily than politics. It was the beau ideal of my earlier years to pic- ture myself as a gray haired man, free from care, tending his garden with pruning-knife in hand." The Biemann Hotel, Walhalla. One can hardly conceive of a more delightful occupation than the care of a fruit garden or vineyard in Walhalla, a pleasant little moun- tain city in the Piedmont Region of South Carolina, the county seat of Oconee County, the present terminus of the Blue Ridge Railroad, con- necting at Seneca, eight miles distant, with the Piedmont Air Line Rail- Il6 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. road, affording direct and frequent communication with the North. The many thousands whose feet are turning southward for homes in which they can enjoy health, happiness, and plenty, cannot fail to appreciate the extraordinary inducements offered by Walhalla. The The Cliffs. people are intelligent, refined, generous and hospitable, and to everv- one who seeks a home in their midst a warm Southern welcome is e.x- tended and a stranger is made to feel that he is among friends upon whom he could rely if misfortune should befall him. HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH H7 Walhalla was originally settled by Germans, the first building hav- ing been erected by Diedrich Biemann in 1851 and now has a popula- tion of about thirteen hundred, with live, energetic business men, whose stores would do honor to a much larger place. The citv extends for three miles, and is having a steady, healthy growth. Unlike most other sections of South Carolina, the whites outnumber the blacks more than three to one, the population representing several nationalities, chiefly German and English, a progressive, thrifty people, as is evidenced by the attractive appearance of the houses and vineyards, which for miles line the principle street. While Walhalla cannot boast of any magni- Residence of Otto H. Schumacher, Walhalla. ■ficent churches, she has substantial church buildings that will compare favorably with those of other cities of equal population. They are six in number — Presbyterian, Lutheran, Methodist, Episcopal, Baptist, and the West Union Baptist. The Lutheran church has a fine clock in the steeple. Walhalla has an efficient fire department, an excellent trotting park located in the outskirts of the city, an opera house owned by Mr. John Kaufmann who is an extensive builder and lumber dealer. Ii8 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH The city boasts of many attractive residences and has excellent edu- cational advantages. The Walhalla Female College under the efficient management of Prof. H. G. Reed, is in a prosperous condition. The Oconee Vine Growers and Fruit Distilling Association have recently erected a large distillery, and are doing a thriving business ; — and the Oconee wines are finding a market in the large cities of the Union. The Waterfall, Walhalla has a model weekh' newspaper, the Keowee Courier, pub- lished by Messrs. Thompson, Smith and Jacques, and our readers who would know more of this favored locality would gain all desired informa- tion from a year’s subscription. Send to the publishers for a sample copy. HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH 119 Hotels. — The Biemann House, which is kept by Messrs. Biemann & Son, is substantial and roomy and is well patronized by the travel- ling public (see engraving). Messrs. Biemann & Son are extensive land owners, and have erected many buildings, and are engaged in Summer in the Piedmont Region. numerous enterprises in Walhalla and vicinity. A new house, the Norman Park Hotel is in progress of construction, which will be well patronized as soon as opened to guests. 120 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. A cheerful, homelike place is the Faculty Hill Boarding house, on College St., convenient to the station, kept by H. P. Terhune, formerly of Hackensack, New Jersey — guests will be assured a hearty welcome and will find an excellent table. See description on another page. Walhalla has also other boarding houses. Near Good Trout Fishing, Health. — The health of Walhalla is probably unexcelled by that of any town or city in the South or in the United States, perhaps from the fact that it is built upon a foundation of granite, a quarry of which is now being worked within the city limits. Drainage is perfect, and no epidemics have ever visited the city. The locality is high and dry — the elevation being looo feet above the sea, with pure freestone water. The conditions for health all the HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 121 year are unsurpassed. Invalids are aware that a dry atmosphere is as •essential to the comfort and restoration to health of those suffering with pulmonary diseases as any other beneficial conditions. The altitude of Walhalla and its favorable surroundings, contribute to envelope it with a pure atmosphere, with less humidity than is found in most Southern Resorts, as the dense fogs so prevalent in many towns are almost un- known here. Malaria is an unknown disease, and the mild winter cli- mate is such that out door occupations can be followed nearly every day, and out door exercise can always be indulged in by the invalid with Residence of Dr. D. B. Darby, Walhalla. pleasure and profit. The crisp, cool mornings are invigorating, and the balmy air is full of healing to the diseased lungs. A Physician’s Testimony. — “There is no healthier locality than Walhalla, for lung and throat affections. It is protected from the chilling blasts of the Northwest, on account of its situation at the foot of the mountains, which almost surround it. The atmosphere is dry and invigorating — fogs we seldom have, and less moisture here than north or south of us, which is a great advantage to those suffer- ing from lung affections. In a practice here of 14 years, I have never treated but two natives with consumption, nor have I ever known of 20 122 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH persons dying in the county with it. Those persons who have come here before a breaking down of tissue (suppuration), have improved in general health and especially in weight. Situated on a ridge with natural drainage, we are free from stagnant water, marshes, &c. No malaria has ever originated here or vicinity ; those coming here suffering from it soon recuperate. For emaciated and teething children, it is the finest climate in the world — winter not too severe, nor summer too The Kaufmann Opera House, Walhalla, hot — cold nights, with refreshing mountain breeze. ;iure spring and well water, with beautiful walks and drives. Below, find temperature of winter and summer of 1887 — the former e.xceptionally cold : January, mean temperature above® 28 February, “ “ ° 52 March, •* “ .. o June, “ “• ° 74 July, •• ° ....80 August, “ •* .. o Coldest day in 1887 4 Coldest day in 1888 ° 14 This shows that we have no extremes in winter or summer, which makes this a desirable place for invalids, as they can be out in the fresh A Mountain Cascade. 124 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. and invigorating air most of the time, which, of itself, has great strengthening qualities, and is a good appetizer.” D. B. DARBY, M.D. The soil in and about Walhalla is good with a stiff, dry subsoil re- taining fertilizers and producing good crops. The staple products are A Mountain View. cotton, sweet and white potatoes, sorghum, and all the grasses, corn, rye, wheat, barley, oats, peas, rice, buckwheat, tobacco and the usual vegetables. Fruits do well, particularly apples and peaches, but, while it is the natural home of the strawberry and blackberry', it may well be denominated the “land of the vine,” for, whether in forest or vineyard the grape is as much at home here as on the famous islands of Lake A trip through the hill country of South Carolina. L.:. 126 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. Erie or the hillsides of France; indeed the sunny slopes of France, or •the vine-clad hills of California produce no finer grapes than are suc- cessfully cultivated in the vineyards of Walhalla. The vine yields bounteously and the size, color and flavor of the grape would do honor to the best vineyards of the continent. Many well cultivated vineyards are to be seen and many cellars are stored with wine, yet there are thousands of southerly exposures along the hill- sides that will some day reflect the glories of a new Italy redolent with the green and crimson and purple of the vintage and wine press. If there is anywhere in this great Union a region especially conse- crated by good Mother Nature to fruit growing and gardening, it is in this famous Piedmont region of South Carolina, and I know of no region west of the Alleghanies that offers a more promising field of enterprise to practical fruit growers than this. The following article from one of Walhalla’s most extensive grape growers, formerly a Union soldier will be read with interest : “After extensive travel almost over the whole world and visiting nearly every grape growing district in the same, I will say, that as a grape growing country, this section has no superior. “With us the cultivation of the grape is an industry which is rapidly increasing in importance, and nowhere can it be so advantageously carried on as in this much favored locality. The peculiarity of climate giving it many of the characteristics of France, Suisse and Italy, and the grapes grown on our sunny eastern and southern slopes, are of such a character and yield in such quantities, that they bid fair to rival with the products of France and Germany, with a good show of win- ning rank equal at least to that held by them. The testimonies of practical grape growers may be taken regarding this which all unite in declaring that there is a peculiar and favorable combination of soil, ■climate and situation in this county which produces all varieties of grapes, not only in abundance, but of the choicest quality. Soil often pronounced worthless, has been known to grow grapes which might well rival with the best in the market. “ The vines are vigorous and thrifty, and frost and cold winters never injure them. Scientific researches and experience have shown this to be the natural home of the grape, and is now everywhere pronounced as the best and most productive grape-growing locality this side of the Alleghany Mountains. To illustrate it further, I make mention that at HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 127 the New Orleans Exposition, we had an exhibit of 74 varieties of grapes, which exhibit can still be seen at the State Department of Agri- culture, in Columbia, S. C. Since having made this exhibit, the num- ber of varieties has reached more than 100. Grape-growing being yet in its infancy, we have in the last seven years planted over 70,000 vines. A Day’s Shooting In Oconee County, and as our people are getting more and more interested in this most profitable agricultural pursuit, it will not be many years when every available and now really worthless hillside will be producing the deli- cious grape. “To further illustrate what can be realized by grape culture, the fol- lowing figures will, no doubt, be of interest : A one-acre vineyard 128 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. planted in i88i, with 680 vines, produced in 1884, as its first croo. 310 gallons of pure juice; in 1885, 640 gallons; in 1886, 530 gallons — be- A Northern Settler’s Opinion. — “In the year 1884 rny health broke down. I suftered from malaria and throat disease, which gradually sides more than one ton of grapes sold in tlie home market at six cents per pound. 360 gallons of ^^■ine were made in 1887, and over two tons of grapes sold at an average price of eight cents per pound. ■ ‘ Having been a Union soldier dur- ing the late war, it speaks well for my adopted home by mentioning that I have already held a prominent public office in this county, and that my stay among these hospi- table Southern people has been ot the most pleasant nature.’ G. WANNER. grew worse, after trying a number of physicians without an\ benefit I HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 129 concluded to try a change of climate. I first visited Florida, then tried the Berkshire Hills, of Massachusetts, afterwards I went to the moun- tains of Western North Carolina, all without any good results, and in the spring of 1887 I arrived in Walhalla and hearing such good reports of the climate here, concluded to try it faithfully. It was nearly a year before I noticed any particular benefit ; after that I began to im- prove slowly but surely. Up to last fall I could not lie on my right side in bed, now I can lie anyway, my cough has entirely left me, and all without the aid of medicine. I consider the climate here unsur- passed by any other location of which I have any knowledge. I believe most people similarly affected would be greatly benefited by a sojourn in this place.” N. P. Terhune. Walhalla, Aug. 22, 1889. Walhalla is the starting point for visitors to Highlands and other points in North Carolina, and good conveyances can always be had at the Walhalla livery stable which is well equipped. The following letter from Dr. Fahnestock, formerly of Ohio, so truthfully describes the real state of society in the Piedmont region, that we copy it (in part) from the Walhalla Pamphlet which was issued by the citizens of Walhalla.* “ That my health was slowly but none the less surely failing, forced itself upon me day by day, and that something must be done to stay the fell destroyer, I felt could not be done too soon, and hearing of the salubrious climate, pure air and good water of the Piedmont re- gion of South Carolina, I concluded to test the matter for myself, and was soon on my way to the ‘ Sunny South,” and in due time arrived at Walhalla. “ Before leaving Cincinnati some of my friends thought I was about to undertake a hazardous journey, and reminded me that the average Southerner was an individual who devoted considerable of his time to ‘ fire-eating,’ and prowling about seeking whom he might devour. I ventured the opinion that human nature was about the same the world over ; that I thought the ‘ average Southerner ’ had been very much misrepresented, and that, so far as my experience went, gentlemanly conduct would command respect in any civilized community. “ I remained in Walhalla and vicinity about two months, during which time I rode ‘ by my lone self’ over a large part of Oconee ^(Copies may be obtained at our Boston Office or will be mailed post paid on application.) J30 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. County, and still retained my scalp. Had never been more kindly treated by entire strangers — as all were to me — in any countr}', and could, did space permit, relate many pleasant incidents, illustrative of hospitality which occurred on my travels through the mountains. “ ‘As deeds speak louder than words,’ I will say, that before leaving Walhalla, about December 23rd, 1875, I rented a farm three miles from town, and six weeks later removed to the same for a year’s trial. Being pretty well satisfied with things generally, on June ist, follow- ing, I bought the farm, and as I continue to be pretty well satisfied with my surroundings, I have no thought of making a change. “ My health has been fully restored, and that of my family — outside of extraordinary occasions — has been so robust, that less than ten dollars sufficed to pay all doctor’s bills. “ Our spring weather may be said to begin about the middle of February and continues, with the exception of an occasional frost}' morning — pleasant through March and April. May warms up things generally, and June does so particularly, as I have seen the mercury rise higher in this month than in any other. During July and August the temperature from noon to 3 P.M., varies from 85 to 92, seldom over that, and I have never known it to go above 98 in the shade. “ Folks in the North are very much mistaken, in supposing that it is hotter here than there. Who ever heard of a case of sunstroke in this Piedmont region? No one ; hence it causes us to smile when we hear the remark, ‘ it is too hot to go South in summer.’ “From twenty-five to thirty miles north of Walhalla, a little fire upon the hearth-stone after sun down, is considered just the thing, so it may easily be seen how we can, within an easy day’s drive, get into a temperature as low as sixty degrees or less in mid-summer. “ The time, I think, is not very far distant when people of the North, who, for their health’s sake, punish themselves by crowding into a seven by nine room fully occupied by mosquitoes — at some fashion- able summer resort, will learn that we have a country and climate where health and comfort may be promoted and enjoyed at all seasons of the year ; Autumn beats them all, and it frequently continues mild and pleasant far into December. Winter — our very roughest weather — comes in between the latter part of December and the latter part of January. One morning only during 1879, again in 1884, the mercury went down to five degrees below zero. With these two ex- cpptions, our coldest weather has ranged froni ten to fifteen degrees High and Invigorating; frae from Malaria, 132 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. above zero. As our ‘cold snaps’ are very short and very few, the soil freezes but an inch or two in depth, and plowing is done with slight interruption throughout the winter. “That this is a good climate for persons affected with throat and lung diseases, there can be no doubt. A friend of mine from Cincin- nati, being afflicted with asthma and hay-fever, during two years’ resi- dence on my farm, never had a symptom of either. A young man living in Ohio had consumption with profuse hemorrhages. He came to my house in September, 1887, and remained there until January, when he said he felt well enough to go to work. 1 hired him for a year, and he took the lead in the field that year, and is now in Ohio, alive and well. What might have been, had he remained there was clear to his mind. I could mention many more cases, but these must suffice. “ I came to this country for the benefit of my health, and to me be- longs the increase. I therefore praise the bridge that carried me over safely. I remain here because I like this country, the climate, the people, and because I believe there is more outcome here than in any section with which I am acquainted. Being fully persuaded that had I remained in the land of snow and ice, I would, long since, have passed to that bourne from whence there is no material return, as many my friends have since done — who, had they taken time by the fore- lock, might now be here. Still others are in the same boat, and the pale ferryman is silently pulling for the other shore. They too, as the seasons come and go, will pass over to the vast majority, if they do not flee from the land of rigorous winters, to this more genial clime. Here they mav enjoy years of usefulness in a section that but for an institution now passed and gone, would have been one of the richest portion of the States. The advance has begun and now moves on apace. Judging by the rapid progress in the South during the decade just passed, our future is bright and still brightening. Tarry not by the wayside, ye who would add to your days, or ye who wish to avoid further acquaintance with that terrible depredator — the blizzard — which here is unknown. Come, help us develop, enrich and enjoy the many advantages of this region, and amid peace and plenty, add to the years that are yours ; years that are in your own hands, to prolong or curtail, as to thee seemeth best.” Thos. G. C. Fahnestock. “Woodlawn Farm,” Oconee County, S. C. Returning from the Mountains. 134 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. Strangers have but little idea of the character of this climate during the summer months. The winters being mild and pleasant, they nat- urally conclude, without investigation, that the summers must neces- sarily be hot and disagreeable which is a great mistake. The nights are generally cool and comfortable, and there is probably no more enjoyable a summer climate, all things considered, than that of Wal- halla. The streets are wide and clean and the beatiful trees for which the town is famous cast their grateful shade along the principal street. The Stump House Tunnel, situated a short drive from Wal- halla, is a favorite resort for picnic parties. This gigantic undertaking was begun nearly thirty years ago, and operations were discontinued by reason of the civil war, after boring nearly a mile into the mountain. Isaquena Falls, located within a short distance from this tunnel, is a picturesque and wonderful display of natu’-e. To borrow the words of a visitor, “ For more than a hundred feet the splashing waters are dashed to spray as they fall from one rocky trellis to an- other until received into glassy pools at the bottom. Like a veil the waters curtain their precipitous pathway, while here and there mosses and ferns add variety and cheerfulness. “ Two legends add to the interest and romance of the falls. From one their name is derived. As both agree in several important regards, the presumption is a fair one that they contain some particle of truth. According to one, which is perhaps the most generally received, many years ago two Indian tribes, upon the top of an adjoining mountain, met in battle array to settle by stern, unyielding conflict their savage differences. Of the defeated tribe but a single soul escaped — an Indian girl — Isaquena, who, fleeing for her life, jumped from the ragged top over the falls and, falling uninjured upon one of the ter- races, plunged through the curtaining waters and under a sheltering rock behind them found life and safety. According to the other, two persons — an Indian girl and her lover — escaped the cruel weapons of their conquerors to find a common death in leaping over the falls.’’ It is proposed to conduct the water from this stream to the city which now depends upon wells and springs for its water supply. There are many other beautiful waterfalls and cascades within easy driving distance which will well repay a visit. ©H©Gil. Which is one of South Carolina’s youngest cities, contains less than one thousand people, but is steadily Increasing. Situated in the southern part of the Alpine division of the famous Piedmont region, a section noted for the salubrity of its climate, the fertility of its soil, the purity of its water and the hospitality of its citizens. The elevation of the city is one thousand feet above the sea, with a delightful climate, the average summer temperature being 73°, and The Railway Station at Seneca, in the winter the average temperature is 43°, with only an occasional snow storm, the snow remaining upon the ground but a short time. Seneca is situated on the Piedmont Line, 120 miles from Atlanta and on the Blue Ridge Railroad, eight miles from Walhalla, its pre- sent terminus. Seneca has four churches, Presbyterian, Episcopal, Baptist and Methodist, while the colored people have churches of their own. 136 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. There are no saloons, and the city grants no licenses to sell liquor. The schools are good. The school district extends over an area of five miles of territory, thus giving the farmers living in the suburbs the same school advantages as residents of the city. The schools are graded, the high school being under an accomplished principal where students are prepared for college. A Masonic lodge, a lodge of the Knights of Honor, and a literary society which meets weekly, are all in a flourishing condition. The city has a live newspaper — the Seneca Free Press — which has done much towards the improvement of the town. The Keowee Hotel, Seneca. Hotels. — Many people whose health requires a residence in the South during the winter months, find their pur.ses incapable of standing the pressure of four dollars a day hotels and attendant e.xpenses ; to all such, the hotel and boarding houses of Seneca present superior induce- ments ; good rooms and excellent board can be obtained at reasonable rates, by the month or season, and the chances are that many visitors will become so attached to this exhilarating climate that they will decide to make their permanent homes in Oconee County. A Mountain Stream, Taylor’s Falls near Seneca. the property, Mr. J. C. Cary, has recently put the house in perfect repair throughout, and a good table, excellent beds, and good service can be depended upon. A short distance from the hotel is the IMineral Spring, the merits of which were discovered in 1877 by Dr. J. W. Speerman, who tested it for iron and found it largely impregnated with that mineral. The analysis of Prof. W. J . Lane of Atlanta, Ga., j 138 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. The Keowee Hotel, which is well represented by our engraving,, is the first object that meets the eye of the traveller as the train ap- proaches the station from the south, and returning tourists will find this a pleasant stop-over place, and will be assured of a cordial South- « ern welcome from the proprietor. Col. F. A. Hoke. The owner of A Scene in Oconee County. 140 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. makes it contain the following ingredients : iron, the sulphate and carbonates of lime, sodium and potassium, with traces of lithium, aluminum, hydrosulphuric and carbonic acid. Several wonderful cures are reported from the use of these waters. The location of Seneca being upon an undulating plateau affording perfect drainage, secures a degree of health that can not be surpassed. Epidemics are unknown. Dr. H. T. Getchell who has made the climate of this region a study says : “ The winds passing over these heavily timbered, hilly and mountainous regions, are sponged of their moisture and become dry, purified and invigorating. Bronchial catarrh, including chronic bronchitis, whether the expectoration is scant or profuse ; laryngeal and pharyngeal catarrhs, especially those cases complicated with aural troubles, so complicated and intractable in the North, are readily cured.” Seneca offers to persons in health, or to those in search of it, substantial inducements, either for a summer or winter's visit or to locate permanently. Many advantages await those of limited means, for lands may be obtained at extraordinarily low prices and comfortable houses secured with all the essentials of life and many of its luxuries for a very small sum of money. As this region becomes better known and more fully understood, with its health giv- ing qualities, its bright sunny winter days, and its cool bracing nights in summer, its church privileges for all denominations, the prevailing HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. I4I good tone of its society, its excellent hotel and boarding houses, and the very moderate prices charged for entertainment, its intelligent and skillful physicians, prompt and efficient druggists, live, energetic livery stable keepers, and attractive homes in and about the city, when all these and the many unwritten attractions become known to the people of the North, it is reasonable to presume that very many will seek this climate for themselves and their families. While cotton is the principal crop, mixed farming is the safest and surest, and should be the rule everywhere ; everything that grows in field or orchard will grow in profusion and perfection in this warm, quick, deep and generous soil. Oats, wheat, millet, buckwheat, rye. A Section ofJ. W. Gignilliat's Vineyard near Seneca. barley, corn, sorghum, and broom corn are the best and surest crops ; while other field crops, such as Irish and sweet potatoes, beans, peas, turnips, and a long list of kindred products do well and are grown more or less by every farmer. Although this is a superior dairy country, there is not a creamery or a cheese factory in Oconee county and no better opportunity is offered anywhere for New England farmers to engage in this line than right here. The climate favors the industry and yet Oconee County has never made half enough cheese to supply the local demand. 142 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. Manufactures. — Messrs. Jarrett & Hastings own vast tracts of mountain timber on the head waters of the Seneca and Keowee rivers which is the finest in the South, and are extensive manufacturers and wholesale dealers in yellow poplar, white pine, white ash, red gum, and chestnut lumber. These mills which are situated on the Seneca river at the crossing of the R. & D. R.R., afford excellent transportation facilities, enabling them to offer lumber at prices that considerably discount other markets. ‘‘Fort Hill,” the John C. Calhoun Residence. Their mills, which are well represented by our engraving, contain the latest machinery with an eighteen horse power Atlas engine. Messrs. Jarrett & Hastings have been engaged in the lumber business for the last eighteen years and are becoming one of the leading lumber concerns of South Carolina. R. H. S. Lowery, who is the pioneer in Seneca manufacturing enter- prise, has an extensive planing mill and also saw and grist mills with an extensive cotton gin. W. H. Cole manufactures carriages and does all sorts of wood work. HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 143 A cotton seed mill company has recently been organized. Cotton is Seneca's principal crop and about 6000 bales are annually sold at this market. W. O. Hamilton does an extensive lumber business. The stock farm of L. VV. Jordan with his fine head of Jerseys is well worth a visit. Messrs. Thompson & Lowery have a livery stable that would do 'honor to a large city. Conveyance is furnished by them for Highland and other mountain resorts. Seneca’s excellent freight facilities give it great advantages as a trading point. The business of the past year including 6000 bales of cotton and the shipment of live stock, aggregated a half million dollars. An average of one carload of cattle is shipped weekly from Seneca, the annual sales amounting to upwards of $30,000. Two great advantages which Seneca presents over many other places are the absence of fogs and the exemption from malaria. Eminent writers who have made the examination of climate and healthfulness a life study, declare that fevers and diseases of the malarial character carry off about one-half of mankind, and diseases of the respiratory organs one-fourth. From malarial diseases the Piedmont region is probably more free than any other locality in the South. When health is the first consideration and a perfect sanitarium is offered, why will people hesitate in their selection of a safe home? The dryness of the atmosphere and the absence of stagnant water, prevent any malarial diseases ; as one writer puts it, “ there is a steady tone in the atmosphere like draughts of champagne, it is like Italy’s cli- .mate except it is not enervating.” Nature was in her most fruitful mood when she fashioned this region. The wild fruits are everywhere Jbountiful. Blackberries, which are among the most delicious of the berries, grow everywhere, and thousands of bushels are each year wasted that should be utilized by a canning factory. Dried blackberries are as staple a commodity as dried peaches and every market of the world is open to them. North Carolina realizes over a million dollars and Oconee county could more than treble the revenue she derives from her crop. Peaches, pears, apples, plums, cherries, apricots, quinces, and figs do well, while strawberries are indigenous to the soil and the picnicer 144 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. frequently finds a natural garden of those delicious berries on which he can regale an appetite whetted by invigorating exercise. These and all other garden fruits are successfully cultivated. Vineyards are to be seen everywhere and nowhere does the vine flourish more luxuriantly. One of the best vineyards in this region is that of G. W. (iignilliat, a portion of which is described in the accompanying engraving. One of the favorite places of interest in the vicinity is Fort Hill, the home of John C. Calhoun, South Carolina’s greatest statesman and most honored son. It has long been a Mecca for his admirers in this and adjoining States, and as time passes and sectional animosites are forgotten, it will rank with Mount Vernon, Monticello, Marshfield, and other national shrines. Our statesmen preferred rural scenes to city life, and Calhoun was no exception. Though a native of Abbeville county he preferred to make his home on Seneca’s beautiful river in full view of the Blue Ridge mountains. The site selected is a forest covered knoll overlooking the river, beyond which are the remains of an old Indian fort, whence the name. At the time Mr. Calhoun located there the only means of travel was by stage, but the river run- ning near afforded ready transportation by way of Augusta, Ga., for farm produce and plantation supplies. The house is built in the style prevailing in the country fifty years ago. The library is detached from the main building and situated in a grove at the rear. In front, some- what down the slope of the hill is a cavern, entering which is found a well of delightful water and a cellar for the storage of wine. To the right is a long low of tenement houses — surrounding all these are forests of native growth, great oaks, and cedars which would vie with those of Lebanon. Beyond, fields and pastures, green with luxuriant Bermuda grass. A more pleasant home in which the busy legislator could spend his vacations could not be found. Mr. Calhoun spent many such vacations at Fort Hill, but the summons to another home came to him in Washington, March, 1850, and his mortal remains were buried in Charleston, the metropolis of the State, because of its greater accessibility. A splendid monument has recently been erected to his memory in the “City by the Sea,” but a far more enduring monument is to be found at the home he loved so well. His son-in-law, Mr. J. C. Clunson, who, as the husband of his only daughter, inherited the property, dying little more than a year ago, bequeathed the realty. A Glimpse of the Valley. I 146 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH and a large amount of personal property to the State, for the establish- ment of a college for the training of the youth of the land in practical agriculture and mechanic arts. As soon as some legal matters can be ft Storm In the Blue Ridge Mountains. settled, steps will be taken to found an institution worthy of the great .defender of the constitution, and of the rights of the State and people a.e loved so well. WesfemiFisfeep new and thriving town on the Piedmont Air Line Railroad, no miles east from Atlanta, eight miles from Walhalla and nine miles from Seneca, in Oconee County, which is about in the centre of the famous Piedmont region of South Carolina. Westminster is situated on the dividing ridge of the Tugaloo and Seneca rivers, surrounded by a prosperous agricultural country. Residence of R. E. Mason, Westminster. Sixteen years ago, the only house in the town was a little building I2xi6 feet then known as the “Air Line Depot,” but soon mills sprung up in every direction and the town became noted as the most extensive lumber market in upper South Carolina. Millions of feet of lumber were shipped from this place to help build up other towns and cities. 148 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH The pioneer in this business is W. F. Parker, who owns vast tracts of mineral, farming and timber land in this region. An engraving of Mr. Parker’s residence, which is surrounded by orchards of choice fruit, is found upon another page. The residences of Messrs. R. E. Mason and A. Zimmerman are also represented. Mr. Zimmerman owns extensive tracts of agricultural land and will be glad to correspond with parties wishing to locate in this region. A Carolina Cotton Field. Mr. Mason owns mills and extensive manufacturing interests in Oconee County. The surrounding country abounds in corundum, iron, gold, mica, asbestos, copper, lime, granite, potters’ clay, soapstone, marble, etc. Iron Ore is found in several sections of the county and before the war two iron foundries were in successful operation, and that the future HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 149 is bright for mineral development is evident from the following state- ment which we find in a late Issue of the Greenville News : “ Capt. W. F. Parker has recently refused an offer of twenty thou- sand dollars for an interest in certain mineral lands which he owns near Westminster. But the Captain realizing that he has a bonanza in the mineral line is not anxious to sell and declined the offer though made by a capitalist.” Fording the Stream, Churches. — Westminster has three churches, Presbyterian, Meth- odist and Baptist. The colored people have a church of their own ; it is an intelligent Christian community, almost every person attends church regularly. The standard of morals is high. There are no saloons, and arrests for wrong doing are exceedingly rare. HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. ISO Elducation. — The Westminster High school embraces all classes- from the primary through the common and higher English branches, mathematics, science and the languages, fitting young men for college ; vocal and instrumental music is included. The Academy building which accommodates 150 pupils would do honor to a larger town. Westminster also enjoys her share of benevolent and social organiza- tions. The Knights of Honor and the Free Masons have flourishing lodges, composed of the best men of this region. The National Tem- perance Workers — a new temperance organization which originated in Westminster — is also in fine working condition. Residence of A. Zimmerman, Westminster. The hotel and boarding houses are situated on Main street near the station. New comers will receive a cordial welcome and will find e.xcellent openings for business. A large hotel for Northern visitors is badly needed. Factories are also wanted for the manufacture of brooms, bob- bins, shoe pegs, spokes, hubs, felloes, doors, sash and blinds. Lumber is abundant and cheap. A brick-maker will do well, and there is no better opportunity for the establishment of a pottery. Thousands of bushels of fruit decay each season that could be profitably utilized by a. The Magnificent Scenery of the Mining Section of the Piedmont, Region, 152 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. canning factory. There are pleasant drives through woods and valleys, and within a few miles are picturesque water falls and wild mountainous scenery, and surrounding the town in every direction are attractive farms and vineyards. Bee Culture. — Wild bees abound in the woods, domesticated swarms thrive in home made hives and enjoy a wide range of field and forest. Those who devote the little care necessary to bee culture are richly repaid with honey of the most superior quality, in which is blended the sweets of every wild and cultivated flower that blooms in Residence of W, F. Parker, Westminster. endless variety and sweetest profusion in this soft Southern climate. The most extensive cultivator of the bee is R. E. Mason, who has from forty to sixty swarms in improved hives of his own invention, which are arranged in an unique apiary which is w'orth travelling a long distance to see. Farm life in this region is vastly more inviting than at the North — labor is cheap — good field hands receive from fifty to sixty cents a day without board, or from $6 to $io a month with board. The climate is milder, the season much longer, less fuel is required and farm work is rarely hurried. One great item in opening up a farm is the cost of fen- F A Stage Ride in the Piedmont Region. 154 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. cing, but here a general herd law is in force and fences are not needed for the protection of one’s crops. The visitor may drive for days in sight of grain and cotton fields, orchards and vineyards, with no pro- tection save such as the herd law affords. The roads are excellent, and the principal streams are spanned by substantial bridges ; but occasionally one meets with a ford. Land values are remarkably low. Wild lands of the roughest sort in the hill country, well situated for sheep farms and for vineyards, are selling all the way from $2 to $6 an acre, while improved farms in and near to Westminister, can be bought at very reasonable prices. Oconee County is noted for the salubrity of its climate, its exten- sive water-power and the value and extent of its minerals. The Climate is a perfect benediction. An elevation of 1000 feet above the tides, with a clear, rare, radiant, and invigorating atmos- phere, the prevailing wind from the mountains, long, genial and friendly summers, with bright, breezy diys and deliciously cool and re- freshing nights ; short, open, mild winters, with very light and tran- sient snow-fall ; an all perv'ading electrical influence, permeating earth and sky, giving vigor and buoyancy to every form of life, forming one of the most delightful climates in the Lmion. There are no swamps, marshes or lagoons to breed malaria. Invalids coming here from the more thickly settled States And in this life giv- ing, health inspiring atmosphere, relief from incipient consumption, asthma and bronchial affections. Other elements of health are found in the pure free-stone water which abounds every.where, and in the fine natural drainage, the latter resulting from the undulating character of the country, and frequent ravines and rapid flowing streams, which readily ab.sorb the surplus rains and leave the fields and gardens available to the cultivator very soon after the heaviest rain. Fine Stock. — Blue grass, clover, lucerne and Bermuda grass grow luxuriantly, and as fine horses are put on the market from Oconee County as from any other region. The fine herds of Holstein, Jersey, and Durham cattle attest to the value of this as a grazing country. The horses raised here have taken the first premiums over all competi- tors for years. The Hambletonian and other finely bred horses raised in this county can not be excelled by the horses of the famous blue grass region of Kentucky ; some of these horses have achieved great renown, as liter- A Landscape in Oconee County, S. C. HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 156 rick's “ Bibi,” “Abdallah,” Biemann’s “ Tena B.,” “Diamond,” “ Red Chief” and “ Margin,” and half a score of others. The visitor will get a good insight into the claims of this as a stock- raising region by visiting the stock farm of L. N. Jordan at Seneca, which is mentioned upon another page. Tobacco of as good a quality as that grown in Connecticut, Virginia, or North Carolina, has been raised here. Timber. Native forests of oak, hickory, chestnut and kindred woods are seen in every direction. Beyond the modifying influence which these forests have upon the elements, and their marketable value, they lend indescribable grace and beauty to the landscape, giving the country the semblance of one vast, beautiful park. Oconee County took the second premium at the New Orleans Exposi- tion with her 131 specimens, and presents unsurpassed opportunity for the establishment of wood-working manufactories. Here is wood in unlimited quantity for the manufacture of wagons, spokes, hubs, felloes, plow-stocks, axe handles, barrel staves, furniture, chairs, and every thing that is made of wood. Water Power. — Oconee County is drained by the Tugaloo, Chatuga, Seneca, and To.xaway rivers, rapid, spring-fed streams, of fine volume, only a fraction of which is yet utilized and hundreds of mill sites await the coming of mills and factories. From one end of Oconee County to the other is a region of marvel- ous, bewildering scenic beauty whose impress can never be effaced from the memory of the visitor and of which no pencil can give adequate por- traiture. These grand hill sides and sweet pastoral low-lying valleys, coursed by clear, rapid, forest fringed streams, winding down through green grassy intervales lying in the shadows of picturesque bluffs, are resplendent with the glory of matchless corn fields and meadows. The bold headlands, whose terraced slopes and curves abound in number- less lines of grace and beauty wrought by the ancient water currents, and beyond it all looms up the grand old Blue Ridge Mountains. While considerable of the surface is unprofitable, except for mining purposes, Oconee County has vast tracts of rich bottom land, the alluvial deposits of centuries, from ten to twenty feet in depth, as fertile as the valley of the Nile, which from the earliest settlement of the country have never failed of generous crops. Trout Fishing in the Mountains, These beautiful game fish, with their olive green sides and carmine spots, in horizontal lines and fiery like fins, are the most beautiful fish in the world. Their flesh is salmon color and delicious to the taste.. Their flesh is very delicate in this region, from the fact that they do not grow large and coarse, seldom exceeding a pound in weight, and HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH, 158 because of the purity of their food, which they find in these clear, cold waters. They ascend the streams in October, and follow the tributaries to their fountain heads, hence they are called sabno fon- tinalisj here they spawn in water scarcely deep enough to cover their bodies. In Marcli, following, these eggs hatch and the “fry ” remain for a time until they get strength, activity, and size enough to escape being devoured, wdren they reach the deep water below. They are caught in the early spring when the water is not quite clear, with a hook and line, with sinkers to take it under water, the bait being angle worms, grasshoppers and the like ; but from Alay to September they rise to the different flies according to the season, and then the most enthusiastic fishermen can satisf}- his most ardent wishes in this sport. HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 159 The sportsman must, however, bring his rod, lines, and flies with him, or depend upon the rude tackle used in this region, — with which, however, the natives are very suc- cessful in catching trout — and they know how to cook them. Good, plain accommodations will be found at the farmhouses scattered through this region, and the charges will be ridiculously low com- pared with the prices charged at hotels. The shooting in this region is moderately good, and altogether a good time is assured. The Profile at Tallulah FallS|-.Ga. 5^allylah Falls ITUATED in Rabun County, Georgia, in the Blue Ridge Moun- tains, is 2,200 feet above the level of the sea, yet the air is soft and mild, a perfect benediction. Tallulah has long been a popular resort for tourists, and for invalids it offers extraordinary attractions, the air is dry, clear and invigorating ; consumption, malaria, hay fever, and asthma are said to be unknown. Within ten rods from the hotel is the Terrora River (the Terrible), which has been for ages cutting its way through the Blue Ridge, whose fretful W'aters have made a chasm in the mountains miles in length and in some places over a thousand feet in depth. After shooting the Indian Arrow Rapids, the river falls 650 feet in the first half mile of its descent through the Grand Chasm, winding along over ragged beds of rocks and over a precipice forming the L’Eau d’Or and empties into Hawthorn’s Pool, so called in memory of a Presbyterian clergyman who, in 1836, lost his life while bathing in these turbulent w'aters. A rugged stairway is cut out of the side of the cliff which leads down to the edge of the falls, and now we are encircled by towering rocks on every side. Next comes “ Tempestia.” Owing to the circuitous course of the river the L’Eau d’ Or and “ Tempestia” falls, only can be seen at one view from the “ Lovers’ Leap,” a sheer precipice 500 feet above, and overlooking the vast basin thickly studded with lofty oaks and pines ; and through the deep green of the luxuriant foliage far below, the eye is entranced by the gleam and glitter of the rushing waters, and the ear, catching the distant rumbling, yields willingly to the soothing influence. The “Lovers’ Leap” has, of course, its Indian legend, but we must hurry on to the “Hurricane.” It is the fiercest, the most HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 162 relentless, as well as the highest of the whole series, falling magnifi- cently over high rocks, a distance of 92 feet. On the opposite side of the gorge the “Caledonia Cascade” falls a distance of 6co feet, near which is “ Vulcan’s Forge,” a cave whose entrance is 550 feet above the river. Below, near the centre of the river, lies a huge mass of granite which fell a distance of 500 feet and is called “ Death Rock.” Just below the “Oceana” comes the “Bridal Ved.” Now climbing the stairway (for stairs and walks extend the whole length of the chasm), we reach “ The Student’s Rostrum,” 600 feet above the bed of the The Robinson House, Tallulah Falls, Ga. river, commanding fine views of the fearful gorge beneath, and then on to the “ Grand Chasm,” which we view from a height of Soo feet, not a chasm at all, but a vast amphitheatre hewn out of the solid rock, and the mountains which enclose it raise their huge, deeply wooded, rocky sides far above in every direction, all around us. Ten or twelve hundred feet below their summits, at the bottom of the “ chasm,” the river turns in its rocky and boulder-strewn bed, forming the gigantic “Horse Shoe bend,” and for miles continues its tumultuous course. Standing on the table rock overhanging the natural amphitheatre, with Caledonia Cascade and Oceana Falls. HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. IC)4 no .sound of civilization, the view is unsurpassed in the combination of grandeur and wildly picturesque beauty by any we have ever seen in New England or in the Rocky Mountains. There are other interesting points along the river, which have names and legends, as “ The Lion Rock,” “Rose Glen,” “Diana's Rest,” “Point of Inspiration,” 920 The Cascade. feet in height ; “ Ribbon Cascade,” with a fall of 700 feet ; “ Chimney Rock,” a mountain 500 feet in height, whic'n also has its Indian legend ; “Glen Ella Springs,” and “The Devil’s Jail.” The whole valley is lined with rhododendrons and kalmias, which in spring time present the most gorgeous appearance. 'urner's Point from Angelina Rock and Indian Arrow Rapids, HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH 1 66 Tallulah is on the Blue Ridge and Atlanta Railroad, which is owned by Judge Baily Thomas, who has recently erected an attractive resi- dence near the station. This road is well equipped and passes through a picturesque country. Double daily trains make connections with the Richmond & Danville Railroad for the north. The hotel accommodations are excellent. There are three hotels, situated within 400 yards of each other, accommodating 500 guests. The Grand View Hotel, The Cliff, and Robinson Houses each keep a band of music, and in the season Tallulah is full of life and gayety. Grand View Hotel. Ample amusements are provided in billiards, tennis and ten-pins, and the river affords excellent fishing while the surrounding forests afford good hunting. Tallulah, which was recently described by a zealous writer on cli- matology as an “ Eldorado for consumptives,'’ is daily becoming more popular with invalids suffering from asthma, bronchitis and kindred dis- eases ; and the dry. invigorating air of this Alpine region does certainly have a wonderful effect upon the air-passages. Whether the object of the visitor be for health or for pleasure his reward in either case will far surpass his most sanguine expectations. The mountayne men live longer, many a yeare Than those in vale, in playne, or marrish soyle; A lustic hart, a cleane complexion cleere They have, on hill that for hard living toil.” A mountain climate, with pure, fresh, and bracing air, and chemically pure water, with absolute freedom from malaria, is making Clarks- ville known throughout the country. The summer temperature is not The Mountain View Hotel, Clarksville. only low, but it is fresh and invigorating, intensified by the clear sky and translucent atmosphere. Invigoration is in every breeze and the glow of health responds to the touch of the mountain-borne air. In mid-summer blankets are indispensable as covering for the bed, and the change of temperature is noticeable when foot is first set on Clarksville ground. HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 1 68 Elevated seventeen hundred feet above the sea, the climate is par- ticularly beneficial to that class of invalids who fail to i.nprove in the low altitude of the extreme South. The average temperature in sum- mer is about 70°, in winter 44°, for the entire year about 61 The nights are generally cool in summer, and in winter the mercury seldom falls below 15° above zero. But little snow falls — and that remains upon the ground but a short time. For an all the year home. Northern people will find Clarksville particularly desirable. The Soquee river on one side and the Chattahoochee on the other, give perfect surface The Porter Cotton Mill, Clarksville. drainage. The mild, invigorating climate, the pure free-stone water, the absence of swamps and marshes make this one of the most desir- able locations in the South. Statistics show Habersham County to have a lower death rate than any other portion of the United States. Yellow fever, malaria, and epidemic diseases are unknown. The loca- tion is really charming, the mountain views perfectly grand. This thriving little city is situated in Habersham County, on the Blue Ridge & Atlantic Railroad, a few miles from Cordelia, which is on the Piedmont Air Line, and is one of the most healthy regions of the South. Clarksville has long been a popular summer resort for people The Grand Chasm, 170 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. from the low country, and during the past season the hotels and board- ing houses have been filled to overflowing. Hotels. — Long before there were railroads, people came here from the low sections of the Carolinas, Georgia and Florida to escape from The Grove House, Clarksville. During the past season the famous old Inn, the Habersham House, has been enlarged, remodeled, refurnished and reiiamed, and well repre- sented by our engraving. To-day as the “ ilountain View Hotel,” "Sunset Hill,'’ the Residence of Mrs. Harriet C. Bean, the oppressive heat and the malarial influences of the low country, completely filling the hotels and boarding houses. Some built homes here, and during the summer season Clarksville was full of life. Toccoa Falls, J72 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. it is one of the most cheerful and homelike hotels in North Georgia. It is kept by A. R. Houston, and it supplied with the best the market affords. It has five hundred and sixty-five feet of piazzas from which the eye takes in valleys, cultivated fields and extensive forests, rugged hill-tops, and lofty mountains, in the distance the Blue Ridge range, with Yonahand other peaks towering above. The Alleghany House, kept by John Jones, will be remembered by old time visitors to Clarksville, and it keeps its old time reputation as a good, homelike place, with an excellent table and low prices. The Porter Woolen Mill, Clarksville. The Grove House has also had its name changed, and during the past season was managed by J. Eugene Durbec, under whose efficient management it was full to overflowing, principally by Floridians. Its pleasant location, surrounded by stately pines, prepossesses the visitor, and in his after experience he will not be disappointed. The Eureka. — This new hotel will be open to the public for the first time the coming season, the success of the proprietor, J. Eugene Durbec, with the Grove House during the past season, will insure him immediate success in his new house. The Eureka is beautifully situated, commanding a fine view of the mountains, and the table tvill be supplied with the best. 174 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. Churches. — Of which there are four, Episcopal, Presbyterian, Methodist and Baptist each have comfortable church edifices. Schools. — The High School under an efficient Principal and Assistants, is in a flourishing condition, affording excellent educational advantages. Miss M. E. Allen’s private school, where the higher branches are taught, is well patronized. The weekly paper, the Ad- vertiser, has done much for the town, and if our readers would know Gold Mining in Georgia. — The Water Ditch. more of Clarksville and its advantages, they will do well to send for sample copies of the Advertiser, and subscribe for it for a year. Business Opening's. — As Clarksville is the commercial centre of about forty miles of surrounding country, its business is quite ex- tensive, the merchants carry large stocks, and have accumulated for- tunes. They buy everything the farmer raises, a leading crop being poultry and eggs — upwards of $50,000 worth of which were shipped HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. '75 from this point last season. There are good openings here for live men, with capital, in various branches of business, full particulars of which may be obtained at our office. Porter’s Mills. — These mills which are well represented by our engravings are doing an extensive cotton and woolen manufacturing business. They are owned by the Porter Manufacturing Company which was chartered in 1883, with a capital of $125,000, which has since been largely increased. Mr. J. H. Porter of Atlanta, is the President, with Hydraulic Mining, Col. J. \V. Robertson, manager; situated on the Soquee river it has a magnificent water power, comprising two rapids about a quarter of a mile apart, over which the river pours its entire volume of water. Gold mining is prosecuted herewith considerable success, principally placer mining. Gold was first discovered in 1831, and it is said that an average of three thousand men have been employed in the mines of this region, during the past fifty-eight years, some of the mines 176 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. yielding over a million dollars. The gold obtained is worth ninety cents to the pennyweight. Nuggets have been found from time to time, varying in value from a few dollars to a thousand dollars. Boys wash the sand in the branches with the ordinary pans and obtain from seventy-five cents to two dollars a day of the glittering dust. The amethyst, ruby, garnet, and other gems are occasionally found. Diamonds of considerable value have been found. The diamond belt extends all through this region. There are also vast deposits of mica, soapstone, and asbestos, only awaiting capital for development. There are beautiful drives in every direction ; three miles to the south is Demorest, the new and popular northern town, with its won- derful water power. A pleasant afternoon ride to the east is the famous Toccoa Falls, which is represented by our engraving. To the north, about ten miles is the beautiful.Nacoochee Valley, widely cele- brated for its grand and picturesque scenery, its attractive country seats, the remarkable fertility of its soil and for its romantic Indian legends, which will be found recorded upon other pages. Clarksville has many attractive residences among which is that of Mrs. Caroline C. Bean, of which we have prepared an engraving. The grounds contain a collection of rare ornamental trees, flowers and shubbery. SUDDENLY, after a drive of twelve miles from Clarksville, a view of this lovely valley bursts upon us — a view once seen never to be forgotten — on the left stands Lacelles mountain, behind it looms up old Youah, grim sentinels of the valley. Northward and westward Residence of Capt. Jas H, Nichols, Nacoochee. mountain rises upon mountain until they culminate in grand old Tray, the highest point in this portion of the appalachian chain. To the east is Chimney Mountain, then mountain after mountain rises and falls in 178 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. beautiful undulations until they are lost in the Blue Ridge, and here in this amphitheatre is nestled “ the lovely vale of Nacoochee,” and as ■we drive up the valley new beauties are constantly unmasked. All along our way on the left of the road are green meadows and fields of waving corn, through which the beautiful Chattahoochee winds its way, we pass attractive country seats and cosey cottages surrounded by trees and shrubbery, and we are at the entrance to “West End,” the beau- tiful country seat of Capt. Jas. H. Nichols, a charming mansion before which magnolias are in full bloom and the grounds resplendent with gorgeous flowers. In front of the villa, and some distance back from Ttre Indian Mound at Nacoochee. the road, is an Indian mound, the most noted landmark in the valley. It is an oblong mound thrown up with precise regularity and measuring on the summit about 80x100 feet, the longest diameter pointing north and south, and in height about twenty feet. Fifty years ago the French savant Nicolet spent several days in exploring the mound in search of some clue to the history of this lost people. Col. O. C. Jones, after a careful examination, made it the subject of a lecture, and has described it in full in his valuable work, the “Antiquities of the Southern Indians,” published b}- Appleton. A summer house has been erected in the centre of the mound which is ombellished by parterres of flowers, and from this point is obtained the Lest view of the estate, a home which is noted throughout this region HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 179 for its loveliness and its hospitality. The dwelling is spacious, sur- rounded by broad piazzas, over which are entwined flowering vines, and here Captain Nichols has gathered around him everything that makes life pleasant, a large farm, well stocked, rich fields, trained hounds, and plenty of game, fish ponds, a choice library, billiard room, gas, pure spring water throughoijft, greenhouse, fountains, and near by on a rise of land, shaded by beautiful oaks, the captain has erected a charming little church finished in natural woods from the trees of the The Anna Ruby Falls, Nacoochee. forests of Nacoochee Valley, comprising many dfferent shades and colors which beautifully harmonize, and this gem of a church Captain Nichols has deeded to the trustees of the Presbyterian Church. “West End” comprises 2,600 acres, much of which is in virgin forest, beneath which are vast treasures of gold. Mining for the precious metal is extensively and successfully persued on adjoining lands, many acres of rich interval are now in waving crops, presenting a scene of rare loveliness. The stables and outbuildings are com- modious and conveniently arranged. The whole forming one cf the most perfect country seats in the South. igo HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. At a distant part of the plantation is a charming cascade, known as the Anna Ruby Falls, situated in the depths of a wild gorge whose precipitous sides are covered with a growth of giant forest trees and carpeted with beautiful ferns and grasses. Two distinct streams make their descent over a precipice of solid rock, emptying their waters into the same pool at its base. The main stream itself is broken into two falls, the upper fall being not less than 175 feet. A ledge of 50 feet intervenes between the upper and lower fall. Either one of these falls viewed separately is charming, but seen as a whole from below they form a picture of wild beauty. The upper and lower cascade seeming to connect and form one continuous fall of nearly three hundred feet. The Lover's Leap. The Gold Fields of Dahlonega. — Thi^ peerless mountain city ■which nestles at the foot of the Blue Ridge, is appropriately called the “ City of Gold,” for the small boys of the town go out into the streets with their mining pans after a shower and gather the shining metal — hence the statement that “ the streets of Dahlonega are paved with gold,” Of course the quantity of gold so found is small, but it is gold all the same. Its location is perfectly charming, surrounded on all sides by lofty hills and mountains. On the north and west, by the Etawah and Blue Ridge ; on the south and east, the dividing ridges of the waters of the Yahoola, Chestatee, and Chattahoochee rivers, which rise at the base of the Blue Ridge. The Etawah River rises on the westerly side of Lumpkin County at the base of the Etawah and Blue Ridge Moun- tains. Dahlonega, which is the principal town of Lumpkin County, Georgia, is three hundred miles from Charleston, S. C., its nearest seaport, and twenty-five miles from Gainesville, Ga., at present its nearest railway station, and has a population of about one thousand. While it offers extraordinary inducements to the health seeker, Dahlonega’s chief attraction is its mining industry. Long before gold was discovered in California thousands made their living in Lumpkin County by digging gold, and to-day, it is said that more gold is being taken from these mines than they yielded forty years ago. Indeed, the supply seems inexhaustable. Statistics prove that Lumpkin County has produced more gold than any County in California, and capital only is needed to develop these wonderful deposits. i 82 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. The “Atlanta Constitution,” of June 2, is authority for the follow- ing: “Fine gold has been produced in Lumpkin County since about 1837, and authoritatively estimated to have reached the sum of $7,000,000, with an additional amount of silver not accounted for — say at least five per centum of the amount or about $350,000 — an interval occurring of about four years, or between the years of 1861 and 1865, during which time no information can be obtained — and it will appear upon an inspection of the ground covered by the develop- ments as at present existing, that said developments are scarcely perceptible and could hardly be considered a beginning.” The native miner continues his operations in the old fashioned way, delighted with the ups and downs of mining, occasionally “ striking it rich,” but oftener obtaining only a few pennyweights. Others are satisfied to work for wages, week after week and month after month for a dollar a day. Many miners are now making a good living and saving money by working the waste rock from the old mines, thrown out many years ago as worthless. Prof. Geo. B. Sherwood, a mineralogist of note, who, with Captain Hall, made the valuable collection of Dahlonega ores on exhibition at the museum at St. Augustine, has for the past six months been engaged in preparing maps of the mining belts of this region, and expresses great astonishment at the fabulous amount of gold stored in the hills of Dahlonega, which only needs work and capital for its development. As an illustration we copy this statement from the “ Signal,” published at Dahlonega: “ A '^ew days ago a small quantity of ore obtained from the mine (which is within the city limits) was placed in a mortar, and with a pestle the gold was pounded from the rock. From one of the rocks, of the size of a large turnip, 113 pennyweights of gold, mostly in nuggets, were obtained. From the balance of the rock 82 pennyweights were gotten, making in all 195 pennyweights of pure gold from less than a peck of Tallulah Falls, North Geocffia* HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. quartz. One of the nuggets was as large as a pullet’s egg, the quartz was solid and of a rose color.” The editor adds: “‘This was an unusual find, and it is seldom that so much gold comes from so small an amount of ore.” Gold Mining. The first mining was in the placers for depositgold, the beds of the Yahoola, the Chestatee, Cane Creek, and a score of small branches were searched through and washed over, and many a rich nugget was unearthed. Then the veins of quartz, rich in gold, were opened — fortunes were made, others were lost. Then came the discovery of gold in California, which drew off the miners by the hundred. Later on, science dis- covered new methods of extracting gold, and the California hydraulic plan was adopted. Before the war, the Yahoola Water Company was formed. They were to bring the water 28 miles and wash down the hills ; the war stopped the work. Later on an Ohio company took the work in hand. They expended $150,000 on the ditch alone, and it is now in successful operation. The Hall Stamp Mill. With a sufficient head of water conducted in pipes to where they desire to work, they are prepared to go forward. A stamp mill is erected, a flume is constructed, sluice troughs are made, and down in the ravine they turn the imprisoned water upon the beds of decayed mica slate. The stream from the nozzle of the hose pipe dashes at the side of the mountain and bores its way into the depths. If you stood in front of it, it would dash you upon the hillside and pound you to death. Soon the ground is honeycombed, and then with a great crash it falls, and now the stream washes the soil, the rocks, the gold veins, all together into sluice boxes and flume, and they go dashing on to the basin of the pounding mill. They are carried a half hundred yards or more to the mill, and the water washes all under the mighty steel pestles. They are pounded fine as sand and are soon swept by the water over the plates cf copper. They are coated with quicksilver, and the avaricious metal HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH, 185 seizes the small particles of gold and holds it in amalagum. Then it goes to the retort, and then the gold goes to the mint and the quick- silver back to the plates and thus the gold is gathered. Besides gold and silver other valuable minerals are found in this region, comprising copper, magnetic iron, and all varieties of hematitic iron, manganese, talc, mica, kaolin, asbestos, corundrum, marble, soapstone or stealite, surpentine, calcite, sulphur, copper ppites and iron carbonites. The Burnside House, Dahlonega. The Burnside House, of which we have prepared an engraving, is pleasantly situated on the north side of the public square, before which the University boys drill in uniform every afternoon at four o’clock. Visitors will receive a true southern welcome from the genial proprietor, Capt. Joseph Allen. In the centre of the square is the Town Hall, a well preser\'ed brick building of a somewhat ancient style of architecture but very attrac- tive. Near by is the substantial warehouse of the Hall Mercantile Co., and adjoining is the attractive residence of Capt. Frank W. Hall, the inventor of the famous Hall Stamp Mill. On a rise of land overlook- ing the city is the imposing residence of Prof. W. S. Wilson, of the University, Col. Price’s home-like estate is near by, and altogether Dahlonega has reason to be proud of its appearance. 86 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH Dahlonega is centrally located, and commanding a remarkably picturesque view of the surrounding country with “hill, dale and Hall's Block, Dahlonega, streams,” the eye never becoming weary in beholding nature's lavish display, in some instances covering a distance of one hundred miles- Residence of Capt, Frank W. Hall, Dahlonega. HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 187 along the spurs of the Appalachian chain of mountains and is acquiring quite a reputation as a health resort, and has within its limits mineral waters of almost fabulous medicinal properties. In fact, most of the wells and springs of this region are more or less mineralized with iron and a few with sulphur and iron. But there are others rising and percolating in the digillaceous slates and strata, which are almost without mineral taste, and these are commonly designated as “Free Stone.'’ The waters percolating through the iron formations of the country form with other minerals the “ Chalybeate Springs.” Residencj of Prof. W. S. Wilson, Dahlonega. Those percolating the iron and sulphur form a combination, and the visiting invalid can have his choice of sulphur, lime, chalybeate, iron or freestone water. To this fact, together with its pure, invigorating mountain air, is attributed the rapid improvement noticed in invalids visiting this favored locality. Dahlonega is, by recent surveys, about nineteen hundred feet above the sea level, and the peaks of the Blue Ridge are from three to six hundred feet above this level. The attractions for the tourist in this vicinity are numerous. From “ Findley’s Ridge,” south of the city, a magnificent view of the surrounding country is obtained, and here one of the most noted gold mines is situated. The distance is five miles for the round trip. HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH, ^ North Georgia Agricultural College, Dahlonega. SiLOAM Spring, noted for the wonderful mineral properties of its waters, is four miles distant. Besser Mineral Spring, a chalybeate water which has enjo3'ed an enviable reputation for the past century, is quite near the town, one- fourth mile from the hotel. The grounds surrounding the spring have been tastefully laid out by the liberal and public spirited citizens, a pavilion erected for picnic parties, and the whole is free to the public. One of the principal attractions of Dahlonega is the North Georgia Agricultural College, of which we present an engraving. It was incor- porated in 1871, in pursuance of the Act of Congress of July’ 2, 1S62, Cane Creek Falls, two and a half miles away, is a beautiful cas- cade with sixty feet fall. Amicalola Falls leaps continuously for a distance of six hundred feet amidst wild and magnificent scenery. The distance is fifteen miles. Porter Mineral Springs is at the foot of Cedar Mountain, nine miles away. HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 189 the object of which was to provide for the establishment of agricultural colleges in the States, to “ promote the liberal and practical education of the industrial classes.” The education imparted is, according to the Act, — 1. In “such branches of learning as are related to agriculture and the mechanic arts.” 2. In “ other scientific and classical studies.” 3. In “ military tactics.” The College is an adjunct to and part of the University of Georgia, and is subject to the “revision and control” of the Trustees of the University; and the studies pursued are arranged, as nearly as pos- sible, according to the system adopted in other colleges of the Uni- versity. The military department is under the immediate direction of an officer of the army, detailed for the purpose, and has been furnished by the Government with small arms and accoutrements and some pieces of field artillery. The institution has been in successful operation for fifteen years. It is open to all comers under its rules, free of expense, except a small entrance fee to provide a fund to pay for attendance, fuel, etc. The main building stands upon the levelled and terraced summit of an eminence overlooking the town of Dahlonega, and commands a beautiful view of the Blue Ridge, which sweeps round it, as a centre, in a noble semicircle of mountains from ten to fifteen miles distant. On another page we present an engraving of the o'd United States Mint, which formerly occupied the present site of the college building, and was destroyed by fire. A Tunnel in the Piedmont Region, HI6H POINT There has not been a single death of a white adult in High Point since July 1SS6 — about thirteen months. There has been only about three deaths of persons between fifteen and forty years of age, in four years. The mortality being confined aiinost entirely to in- fants and very old persons, and the number of these has been 1‘oint Enterprise, Sept. 16th, ISSV. Jarrell’s Hotel, High Point. The above remarkable statement is made by the editor of the High Point Enterprise, and with such a health record it will be strange when the fact is made public abroad, if the place is not crowded to overflow- ing with seekers after health. This healthy little city of about 2400 inhabitants, is situated in Guiiford county, North Carolina, and is the highest point of land be- tween Washington and Charlotte, at an elevation of 1065 feet above the 192 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. level of the sea, and as a summer resort offers extraordinary attractions being surrounded by rolling lands affording natural drainage, and entire freedom from malaria. A comparison of the above record with Boston’s- death rate, which is from 21 to 26 to each thousand of its inhabitants, should induce sufferers from pulmonary disease, living in New England, to visit High Point with the idea of making a home in the Piedmont region. Southern people of the coast country discovered, long ago, that a summer could be passed as comfortably here, as at the North, and High Point is each Summer filled with boarders from the low Residence of J. Elwood Cox, High Point. country. Lately, Northern people are learning that a winter can be passed more profitably in this high rolling country than in Florida. Six years ago the writer received the following letter from Lieut. Allen, a retired army officer, who came to High Point given up by his physician to die : “ The climate of the place, I believe has kept me alive for some two or three years. My trouble is of a bronchial nature, involving almost the entire left lung. Hemorrhage from the tubes seem to be my difficulty. I came here from Florida, whence I was glad to escape with my life, as the dampness provoked hemorrhage. In any other locality it attacked HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 193 with hemorrhage, I have a succession of them, and the summer before last I ventured, in view of my improved condition, to go to Erie, Pa., but was taken with bleeding from the lung and I insisted on being brought here, and was carried, unable to walk, from the cars to the hotel, on December ist, and by February ist I was up and walking around. I commenced to pick up at once and through the worst season of the year at that. Nearly four years ago I came here weighing 117 lbs.-, I have gone as high as 123 lbs. Now, for a man whose lung ought to use him up in a few months, I think I am doing well. I regret Residence of E. A, Snow, High Point, my inability to furnish you with figures as to the hygrometric condition. I have a hygrophant, but the sunny South has demoralized me to that extent that I am too lazy to keep a record, and, too, my wet bath ther- mometer is “done broke.” The place is 1000 feet above the sea, and to the dryness of the air I attribute the benefit derived. The temperature is, I should say, about that of Washington, D. C., or somewhat higher during Fall and Winter. From August 25th to November 15th, we had but five rainy days. We are not in the mountains, but about fifty miles from them. My own opinion is that for bronchial and pulmonary com- plaints, a warm climate will do nothing, and my opinion is based on a ig4 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. residence in the South of France, and visits to most of the West India “ cure all ” islands. Now, Sir, I have tried to tell you what I thought might be of in- terest to you, but I am very much biased in favor of the climate of the place, and believe that under Providence, I owe my life to it. For my part I am afraid to go away, and rented a house and remained all of last summer, which was the coolest summer I have ever passed, so I imagine 1 am here for good. If there is anything else you want to know that I can write you, let me know and I will take pleasure in posting you.” Very respectfully, S. K. ALLEN. Snow &. Dalton's Mills, High Point. Lieut. Allen tried the most noted health resorts of Europe and America, and found that he could enjoy no degree of comfort. e.Kcept in the Piedmont region. Since writing to me he re-visited the North, took a violent cold and passed away. One of nature’s noble- men, regretted and mourned by the people of High Point, who had learned to love him. Rev. J. B. Richardson says — “ High Point has 2500 to 3000 population, and only four deaths of resident citizens (white) in tne last 3.^ years. We have two large and well kept hotels, with a number of boarding houses ; we have no malaria ; we are in the Piedmont belt ; The Thermal Belt, Tryon Mountain, North Carolina. ig6 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. living is very cheap ; it is a great fruit growing section. We welcome all good moral citizens without regard to politics or religion.” High Point has four daily mails, telegraph and express offices, and is easily accessable from all points north and south. With religious advantages High Point is well provided, the following denominations being represented : Methodist, Baptist, Presbyterian, Quaker, and Episcopalian, among whom the kindest feeling exists. The drives in and about High Point are excellent. The water is good, pure freestone. The land in and about the city is of good quality, noted for the fine Residence of Capt. W. H. Snow, High Point, quality of the tobacco raised,' and High Point has become quite a tobacco centre, having extensive tobacco warehouses and tobacco facto- ries, and here the celebrated “Snow Tobacco Barn” is manufactured by Capt. W. H. Snow, who came here many years ago from New Eng- land and is now Mayor of the city. Mayor Snow says — “ It is conceded that High Point is one of the healthiest towns in the United States. I have lived in this county 2 r years and have found the place remarkable in that way. We are supplied with everything needful for comfort. High point will be found Ttie French Broad River. 198 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH, V- r ■■7 a pleasant' place, and the people kindly disposed to all respectable persons.” High Point has extensive sash and blind factories, one of the largest in the State being located here. A cotton factory, planing mills, spoke A Scene in the Mountains of North Carolina, and handle factory, a flouring mill, good stores, livery stables, and ex- cellent hotels which are well kept, and are more fully described on other pages.” HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 199 In the summer the society of Friends hold their annual meeting here, when the little city is full to overflowing. In the Autumn, the meeting of the Eastern Field Trials Club taxes the capacity of the hotels and boarding houses, and it is seldom that so many fine dogs are gathered together as are brought here. The Eastern Field Trials Club.— In the year 1881 after the conclusion of its meeting, finding that the accommodations on Rob- A Picnic Party, bins’ Island, situated in great Peconic Bay, Long Island, was insuffi- cient to run the dogs of the increasing stakes, they looked about to find more suitable quarters, and after much consideration decided upon High Point as presenting greater advantages than any other location, and in conformity with the above resolution the Club held their Field Meeting commencing with the Members’ Stake, on Friday, Nov. 17th, 1882, at 9 :5o a.m., with 15 entries. It was a highly successful meeting as each succeeding meeting has been. The Club rent ground privileges of the plantation owners for 10 cents per acre, which is about equivalent 200 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. to paying the taxes. The Club as a general rule have from loo to 150 dogs here, and the attendance is always large. Many handlers and trainers go down as early as Oct. ist, and prepare the dogs in their charge for the coming trials, and at the opening of the Meeting the hotels and boarding houses are filled to overflowing. The officers of the Club are, B. F. Wilson, Esq., Pres. ; J. Otto Donner, Esq. and Francis R. Hitchcock, Esq., Vice-Presidents; Washington A. Coster, Sec’y and Treas. Educational Advantages.— High Point stands out preemi- nent as to the interest manifested by her citizens in the growth and encouragement of her educational interests.- It might be well to com- pare High Point with many other towns in the State in this respect. ^ There can be no greater consideration on the part of parents, who have children to educate, than the health of those children after they have left the parental roof. From its lofty situation and natural drainage, High Point bears the very proud and enviable distinction of being one of the healthiest towns in the South, and from the mildness of its winters offers an inviting home to those of delicate constitutions. High Point is now, and has been for years, free from bar-rooms and places of vice. Every influence i.s thrown around the young A Morning Ride, HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 201 Snow's Tobacco Barn— Curing the Tobacco. child:en to educate should look to the advantages which High Point offers. The opening of the High Point, Randleman, Ashboro & Southern Railroad, which extends through a fine lumber country, makes High Point a lumber market of no small magnitude. to prevent their being led astray ; and the temptation to do otherwise is not placed before them in this moral community. In addition to the public and private schools there is the High Point Female College, J. A. Stallings, president, with competent assistants. Parents who have 202 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. The Snow Lumber Company do an extensive wood-working busi- ness— probably the largest in the State. The officers are: R. F. Dalton, president; J. H. Millis, vice-president; E. .A. Snow, secretary and treasurer. The High Point Furniture Company, the High Point Machine Works, the Guilford Flouring Mills, the Cox Spoke, Handle Snow’s Tobacco Barn — Ths Engine. and Shuttle Block Factory, the Empire Plaid Mills, the Barker Sash and Blind Factory, and the Tobacco Manufacturing Establishments of Messrs. W. P. Pickett & Co. and J. H. Jenkins & Co., are all in a flourishing condition. HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 203 Snow’s Tobacco Barn. — One of the most important industries of High Point is the manufacture of this famous invention, of which the Mamifacturers' Record contains the following interesting descrip- tion : — “This barn, the invention of Captain W. H. Snow, is des- tined, in a great measure, to revolutionize the tobacco business. The Snow’s Tobacco Barn — Interior View, old process of ‘charcoal’ and ‘flue’ drying was slow and expensive, and in no wise as sure a method as this. Another point is that by the old method the leaves were dried upon the stalk, while in the ‘ Modern Barn’ they are taken from the stalk and dried independently, thus insuring a much more uniform curing, the gaining of which, it is said, more than doubles the value of the product. In the old log barn the 204 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. leaves are left upon the stalk and then hung over a stick fastened in the barn, and the heat ascending dries first the outer leaves, and then the inner, thus making the outer too dry if the inner are suffi- ciently cured. In the ‘Modern Barn’ a series of sticks, with wire points projecting are arranged upon a frame. The leaves are pressed upon these wire points, at equal distances from each other, and receive the heat upon every point of their surface at once. After the frame is filled it is hoisted to the top of the barn by means of a pulley, and another filled to take its place immediately under it until the whole space is occupied. Captain Snow has patented every part of his plan and has invented the machinery to make it the most expeditiously. The entire work is done in his own work-shops and under his own supervision. The complete barn in ‘knock-down’ shape is taken to the farm ; the only thing to be done after it has reached its destination being to put it together, and wherever it has been tested it has given perfect satisfaction. The invention of this barn is but another illus- tration of the many improvements that are coming into use to increase the value of the products of Southern soil and Southern mines. It will, doubtless, prove to the tobacco farmers of the South as great a blessing as the utilization of cotton seed for oil making has proved to cotton planters. Captain Snow manufactures the ‘ Modern Barn Smoking Tobacco,’ with a view of proving the value of this method of curing tobacco, and experts pronounce it a ‘most superior grade.’ ® HIS popular winter resort is situated on the west banks of the St. John’s River, 27 miles from St. Augustine, with which it has frequent communication. The river sweeps broad and deep around three sides of this busy little city, “ the Gem City of the St. The Kean Block. Johns,” and from the distance the heights look down from their pine- covered crests on the mass of human life which swarm at their feet, as they did years and years ago, when the red man occupied this region. Here they smoked the pipe of peace and invoked the favor of the Great 2o6 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. Spirit they heard in the thunder, and felt in the breeze, and saw in the sunlight. Here they recited their legends and intoned their songs, and here on our bright waters glanced their light canoes. Here they passed their On the St. Johns River. ■mighty Welaka (chain of lakes) so frequently tl\at the}' named it Palatka (The Crossing). Then came the white man, and he appeared to them out of the vast The Carleton House. unknown. He sailed on broad wings which made his ships the sacred birds of their gods, and he slew them with the thunder which was to them the voice of the Great Father. To these children of Mother Nature the Spaniard was proud and cruel. Is it strange that the Indian The Putnam Housei Palatka. i 2o8 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. finally believed him a devil, and sought to break his power by killing the “medicine men” whose enchantments bound the thunder in sub- mission to his hands ? Is it strange that the Spaniards had no pity for the race which refused their faith, tortured their priests, and joined their enemies of the Old World to slay and hang? Consumed by ignorance, corrupted by the vices of their foes, made doubly cunning by contact with overpowering force, the aborigines of Florida received with open arms their brothers from the North, who promised assistance and strove to give it. And Spain gave place to Residence of Col H, S. Hart. England, and England to the sons who had defied her, and each passed in turn to the other the savage and his lands as a possession won by the right arm of the Christian whose faith forbids robbery. The Indian cared little ; they were all white and all his enemies. But there came a time when the last stand was to be made, and Oseola and Cacaochee defied the overwhelming power of the stronger, as did the Greeks of old. In the fastnesses of their forests and the depths of the Everglades the beaten tribes of Muskokees, Chickasaws, Cherokees, Tuscaroras, and Choctaws, assumed leadership over the owners of the soil, and stood ready to die as brave men have often done. The confederacy was known as the Seminoles, or “ Refugees.” HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. '209 Then the advantages of Palatka became evident to the e)-e of the white man. The oaks, which liad sheltered Satouriara and his fathers, were An Evergreen Vase in Col, Hart's Garden. 'felled to protect the foes of his children, and eight lofty block-houses were erected along the river front, where our busy wharves now stand, the headquarters of successive generals who sent out expeditions, gener- .ally fruitless, to crush the Seminoles. On the spot where now stands The Daily News Building. 210 HEALTH RESORTS 0-^' THE SOUTH. the Putnam House, stables for four hundred horses were placed. Here Generals Scott, Taylor, and Gaines came to prove that the glory won on far distant fields could be lost in Florida, and the abilities potent against kindred nations availed nothing when confronted with the wily tactics and unconquerable spirit of a people making a stand with na road for flight. General Twiggs set up his tent on the crest of the Heights, on what is now “The Folly,” the residence of W. C. Hargrove, and from his lofty perch looked over river and forest, and brooded on vain schemes- The Saratoga House. of attack against an enemy whose tomahawk always arose when least expected, and who presented no shield for the straight attack of a stronger foe. In those days of warfare Palatka must have presented a strange aspect. The call of the sentry resounded everywhere ; the soldier passed with stiff carriage on his round of daily duties ; the settler came in with fresh tales of spoliation or butchery ; parties passed out with full ranks and fresh uniforms, only to return with diminished numbers and wasted forms, bringing in a few half-starved children and wolfish squaws as poor compensation for blood poured out like water, and bitter hardships which made young men old and gray. Then Oseola. HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 2If was betrayed, the Wild Cat was killed, and Palatka again was forgotten by the world as she dreamed out her sleepy existence in the warm light of her perennial sunshine. Only a few years, and again was sounded the notes of the drum drawing young men to the battle-fields of Virginia and Tennessee ; the uncouth gunboats steamed up the river and woke the deep echoes with the thunder of their heavy guns and shrill whistles and loud martial music. Palatka again became a garrison town. One of her buildings yet shows the path of shells, and in through the old Putnam one passed, The Residence of A. J. Kennerly, and we had the old scars to show till they were wiped out by the fire of 1884. In the neighborhood are still found these heavy shot, and from the sides of our hills they are still exhumed and shown as mementoes of a period which has passed into history and ceased to be of greater interest than that of the Indian War, for the garrison of Palatka had to keep watch and ward as in a beleaguered castle. Then came Lee's surrender. Soldiers dropped the sword, and worked or “talked” as they had done before. Gradually out of the dust of defeat was born the New South. The climate of Florida remained the balmiest under heaven, and suffering humanity longed for the warm air of the Gulf and the spicy breezes of our hills. 212 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. In 1 88 1 the Florida Southern Railway was accorded an entrance, and the beginning of its work was the beginning of yet another chapter in this history of changes. With ample encouragement from city and state, this railway made a beginning at its wharf on the St. Johns River, and pushed rapidly through to Gainesville. It opened up a fertile and inviting country ; settlements sprung up like magic along its line which already aspire to the dignity of cities. Groves, farms and gardens flourished and grew, and sought their natural outlet in Palatka, and from the business thus created the present city was made a necessity. The Academy of the Sacred Heart and it became a growing town which was more than a sanitarium and greater than a winter resort. Then the construction of the Palatka and Indian River Railway began, and the progressive city looked farther and prepared itself for enlarged opportunities which awaited it in the future. In the mean- time, the bank of Wm. J. Winnegar & Co. was established, and soon had a heavy business. The facilities it alforded the business circles of the city and vicinity was quickly appreciated, and a larger building and wider connections were made necessary. \\ ithin a year, constantly growing in strength and importance, it became the First Rational Bank of Palatka, now well known in financial circles, and one of the most HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH, 213 important features of the present city. It is one of the State Deposit- ories and is still under the same management. In 1869 the Palatka Herald was established by G. W. Pratt, and is the oldest paper on the St. Johns River and in East Florida, and, in connection, has an ex- cellent job office. Hitherto, the daily papers of the State were confined to Jacksonville ; and Palatka was again the first to set an example to her sisters, on the 28th of February, 1884, the first number of the Palatka Daily News was issued (which was accompanied immediately by the Weekly News) and is now a daily of metropolitan proportions. Residence of F, A, Garrison. carrying a fine job establishment, and publishing the full Associated Press despatches and market reports. These were great days for the steamboat business. Palatial steamers were nearly always in sight. Nearly one hundred boats of large size were plying between Jacksonville and Sanford, and many of them w’ere especially built for the accomodation of passengers, and sumptuously fitted up. On these, during the winter, crowds of tourists passed up the river, and returned to Palatka declaring the scenery on the St. Johns entirely different from that of any other river and unsurpassed in beauty by that of the famous streams which have won the admiration of travellers and inspired the strains of poets for all ages. 214 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. Parties interested in the Florida Southern Railway had also secured the services of two fine steamships, “The City of Palatka,” and “The City of Monticello,” and these supplied the demands of a growing trade of passenger business with Charleston, and through this channel with the East. All heavy freight was then brought by water, and the wharves of Palatka were crowded, while schooners discharged hay, grain and ice. Local steamers brought oranges and vegetables. But this busy scene was changed in a few hours, and ashes of deso- lation lay in its place. About lo P. M., November yth, 1884, a fire Residence of Major S. Conant, broke out in one of the rooms in the rear of the store occupied by Devereaux, Rogero & Co., which soon made the old wooden town a thing of the past. The following description of the scene and its accompanying circumstances is taken from the Palatka News, published on the morning following the conflagration, and already breathes the hopes which were afterwards so abundantly realized. “ The night of November yth, 1884, brought to Palatka destruction as complete as that which befell Chicago ; but not for one instant did the spirit of her people falter. Both her journals as well as her people dis- dained the idea of asking aid from others, and goods were ordered by HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH 215 telegraph while the ruins were still smoking. Offers of help came from all quarters, and the following from Florida’s Governor elect is but a specimen of many : Pensacola, Nov. 16, 1884. Hon. Benja7nin Harriso7i, Palatka, Fla.: My Dear Judge, — I heartily sympathize with the good citizens of Palatka. So, also, do the citizens of Pensacola, who in' the past have similarly suffered. If money is needed to relieve any sufferers from your dreadful fire, draw on me to the extent of $500 ; and, if you so advise, our people will subscribe and forward help according to their ability. Faithfully your friend, E. A. Perry. Captain Lucas' Boathouse and Wharf. “ The Palatka of 1884, with her splendid river front, her two fine rail- roads, and the scores of palace steamers paying tribute to her throne, realized the aphorism, “uneasy lies the head that wears a crown.” Overlooking the river and fronting on Front Street stood the Larkin House' at the corner of Lemon and Front Streets, the Putnam House occupied a whole block, and a little army of seir-ants were at work pre- paring the great hotel for her winter guests. From Front Street down Lemon, to the river, the space was filled with great stores, full of goods. From Front to Reid stood Moragne’s pharmacy, the post office, the new 2i6 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. building, three stories high, to be occupied by the Second National Bank,, the First National Bank, the residence of Mr. Joseph Price, and the Putnam pharmacy. On the corner of Water and Lemon Streets stood the great stores of Devereaux, Rogero & Son ; opposite was Griffin's new brick block, full of stores, including those of Vertrees & Co., Haughton Brothers, and Kennedy & Co. Then down Water Street, next the river, were the warehouses of Griffin and Adams, Dunn’s store, with a large stock, the immense hardware establishment of E. T. Lane, and the fine offices occupied by Colonel Hart and others. Residtrnca cf G. W. Pratt. About to P. M. of November yth, a blaze was seen bursting through- the roof of the small store-room used for oils and spirits by Devereaux, Rogero & Son. The firemen, with engine and hooks and ladders, were on hand, but, for some reason not yet ascertained, the engine sent no water through the hose. Meantime, the flames burst in volumes through the roof, and the firemen broke open the building onh' to find themselves in danger from the exploding liquids. Then the engine began to act, but too late. Bravely the nozzle-men poured a full stream at short range. But a fierce wind drove the high flames across the intervening space, and the main building occupied by Devereau.x, Rogero & Son caught. Then the blaze leaped across Lemon Street and attacked Graham’s hotel, while explosion after explosion followed HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 217 from the stores. Across Water Street, Griffin’s block caught, and the conflagration marched towards Kennedy’s building, which was only saved by the engines and crew of the Chattahoochee led by Capt. Fitzgerald. Meantime Lemon Street was ablaze on both sides, and, the flames wheeling around Moragne’s corner, charged across Front Street and attacked the Putnam. Then, on both sides of Front Street, sweeping out of existence everything that could be burned, to Reid Street. Across Reid Street the flames could not go, being stopped by Residence of C. P Devereaux. Colonel Hart’s grounds on one side and by the gap left by the demolition of the Smith building at the corner of Reid and Front streets. At the corner of Lemon and Front, Fry’s brick block offered a point of resistance, and the defence of Murray’s store saved a block south of Lemon and west of Front. But between Lemon and Front, to the river, a clean sweep was made, and from Ackerman’s corner only ashes are left of a whole block which includes the Larkin and -the new brick Presbyterian Church, and extends in a triangular form between Lemon and Front streets and the river, to the office of the J., T. & K. W. Railway."’ 2lS HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. But to this, as to all, the people replied that the work of rebuilding would immediately be undertaken by those who had money, and those who had none could work and live on their wages. This was the spirit which had made Palatka what it is. In this season of difficulty some anonymous hand sowed slanders throughout the country which injured the community more than the fire. Some anonymous brain concocted a telegram which was sent to different papers and generally published. It was asserted that the negroes had set fire to the citv', that a race war had been inaugurated, the Gem City Guards had been called out and Fry's Natural History Store. massacres were hourly expected. To correct this, the citizens held a mass meeting. Resolutions contradicting the slander were adopted and telegraphed to the papers which had published the report. The Palatka Daily News denounced the defamer of his people ; the press of Jackson- ville joined in the work, and at last the New York Herald made ample reparation. Meantime the City Council met and passed an ordinance which instituted a limit within which all wooden buildings could be removed by the Mayor. The ground was broken for the. first brick build- ing on November 24th, 1885. This was the Kean Block, at the corner of Lemon and Front Streets, now belonging to Mrs. Wall. HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 219 The new Putnam House was begun on May ist, 1885, and opened on January 26th, 1886. In 1884 and 1885 the business houses along the burnt front of Lemon and Water Streets were restored in fine brick buildings. Then on Front Street, W. C. Snow and the First National Bank erected substantial structures worthy of a much larger population, and At the commencement of the season of 1886, Palatka was a brick city. The fine block in which the post office is now situated had been erected before this by State-Treasurer E. S. Grill, and on each side arose other Residence of F. C. Cochrane. blocks. Meantime, the Jacksonville, Tampa and Key West Railway had been completed from Jacksonville to Palatka, and gave the public a thoroughfare second to none in the South. Through the energetic efforts of many citizens, led by S. J. Kennedy, and the contributions of many others, the managers of this road located their shops in Palatka, and the year 1885 will remain celebrated by the success which crowned the efforts of her people to make the new city grander and better in all material interests than the old, which had disappeared in smoke. The Florida Southern road had extended its line far down into the heart of the peninsula, and was progressing rapidly to the Gulf — the Jacksonville, Tampa and Key West absorbed the Indian River road and 220 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. ran south, parallel with the St. John’s, crossed the river at the northern end of Lake Monroe, and pushed into Sanford. Thus a wide stretch of fertile country, rich in golden opportunities, was opened up to our mer- chants who quickly occupied the vacant territory. Many of our business enterprises have exhibited marvelous growth. Palatka, which in 1852 had a population of less than a dozen families, to-day boasts of broad streets and substantial hotels, with water, gas, and everything that goes to make up a first-class city. Residence of Mrs, Sarah E. Wall. Churches. That the religious wants of Palatka are well cared for may be seen from the fact that there are five difterent church organi- zations, viz., Presbyterian, Episcopal, Methodist Episcopal, Baptist and Roman Catholic. Each church has provided for its pastor a com- modious parsonage. Schools. The public schools, of which there are two — one for white and one for, colored children — are in a flourishing condition. The Academy of the Sacred Heart, situated at the corner of Dodge and Emmett Streets, under the charge of the Sisters of St. Joseph, was established in 1876 by three sisters, with not more than a dozen pupils. It soon outgrew the small dwelling house, which it then occupied, and in 1878 the present fine building was erected. The staflT of teachers has. HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH, 22 I been greatly increased, and the Academy now has an attendance of from eighty to one hundred pupils. First National Bank of Palatka. St, Mark’s School, in connection with the Episcopal Church, pre- sents another valuable educational advantage for our visitors. It com- menced six years ago with thirty-six pupils, it now numbers nearly a A Sago Palm in Colonel Hart's Garden, 222 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH hundred, with a prospect of farther growth. The school building, which- is located in a pleasant part of the city, is well lighted and ventilated, and has the modern appliances for school purposes. There are hun- dreds of children at the North with feeble constitutions who would be greatly benefited by p'.irsuing their education in this glorious climate at such schools as these. Visitors passing the winter in Palatka will find educational advantages of no mean order at this school. Residences. Few Southern cities can boast of more attractive residences than Palatka, which are built in the most thorough manner Colonel Hart’s Ochlawaha Steamer. and of various styles of architecture, many of which are surrounded by fine orange groves and gardens containing a wealth of flowers and shrubbery, with a great variety of temperate, tropical, and semi-tropical fruits, and embellished with fountains. The most attractive of these residences are represented by our engravings, the latest and most elegant of which is that of Major S.'Conant, of the Southern Florida Railway, situated at the corner of Dodge and Emmet streets. Secret and other Organizations. F. A. M. — Palatka Lodge, No. 34, meets first and third Fridays, each month. . A. O. U. \V. — Putnam Lodge, No. 10, meets every Wednesday HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 223 Knights of Pythias. — St. John's Lodge, No. 8, meets every Thursday evening. Knights of Honor. — Harmony Lodge, No. 2767, meets first and third Mondays, each month. I. 0 . R. A. — Seminole Tribe, No. 4, meets first and third Tuesday of each month. Gem City Guards, meets first Monday of each month. Putnam Brass Band, meets first Monday, each month. \V. C. T. U. Free reading rooms, open 2 to 10 P. M. The Louise, the Transfer Boat of the St. A. &. P. R, R. Hotels. The Putnam House, on Lemon, Reid, Front and First Streets, is one of the best kept houses in the South, as is evidenced to the travelling public from the fact that it is kept by Oscar G. Barron, propri- etor of the famous White Mountain hotels. The Carleton House, on Orange and Third Streets, is near the Court House, and is well represented by our engraving. It is kept by Andrew Shelley, and has a good reputation with the travelling public. The Saratoga House, on Lemon Street, owned by Cook Carleton, is well represented by our engraving. Phcenix Hotel. — Among the substantial brick buildings of the city is the Phoeni.x Hotel, owned by S. J. Kennedy, which is situated quite near the river. ;24 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH Bangor House. — A good, but small, family hotel, where excellent board may be obtained for the winter at reasonable rates, is the Bangor House, situated quite near the Putnam, kept by L. R. Gray. Palatka "Water "Works. Probably no class of public improve- ments contributes more to the general welfare of populous communities than those designed to furnish an abundant supply of wholesome water under a pressure adequate for fire protection, and for its delivery at all points where it may be needed for general uses. Palatka is favored in this direction to a degree surpassing that of probably any other city in The Palatka Water-Works. The Pumping Station. the State. The Palatka Water Works is a Florida corporation, organ- ized to supply the city and its inhabitants with water for the extinguish- ment of fires, and for domestic, manufacturing and other purposes. The entire works were constructed during the winter of 1886-S7 by the firm of Wheeler & Parks, of Boston, who have had large experience as engineers and builders of water works in man}’ States of the Union. The works were put into operation about April ist. The source of supply is White Water Branch, a clear stream in the town of Palatka Heights, fed by copious and never failing springs, yielding in the driest seasons over one million gallons daily of pure, soft water, and ample in quantity for a population of twenty to twenty-five thousand. HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 225 The works at the pumping station comprise a storage canal eight hundred feet in length, ten feet wide, and five feet deep, the sides of which are of brick masonry, and the bottom a clean bed of sand covered with hard pine flooring. This resevoir constitutes a storage and settling basin where any floating or suspended particles are allowed The Palatka Water-Works. The Standpipe. to settle before the water is pumped into the standpipe and mains. Also the pump house, which is a substantial brick building about thirty by forty-five feet, one story high, adjoining which is an orna- mental chimney stack about sixty-five feet in height. In the boiler room of the pump house are two large boilers of fifty horse power each, and in the pump room, two Worthington duplex pumps, each having a capacity of one million gallons daily. The pumping plant is furnished with condensers, heaters, and all the appliances of a first-class pump- ing system of works. Adjoining the pump house is a tool and fuel house so situated as to be filled either from a side track upon the Jacksonville, Tampa and Key West R. R., or from White Watej- 226 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. Drive. This building is large enough to contain about six months’ supply of fuel. From the pumping station the water is forced through twelve and ten inch mains, either directly into the city or into the standpipe, built upon the highest point of Palatka Heights. The standpipe is of heavy plates of the best wrought iron, built upon a solid foundation of brick, and is thirty feet in diameter and fifty feet in height, having a capacity of about two hundred thousand gallons. Around the top is an orna- mental iron balcony and railing, to which access is had by an iron ladder fastened to the side of the tower. From this balcony can be had the most extended and comprehensive view of the surrounding country to be obtained from any point in this vicinity. There are about eight miles of supply and distribution pipes of cast iron, from twelve to four inches in diameter. The number of fire hydrants connected with these works is fifty-nine, five of which are rented to railroad companies, four by the town of Palatka Heights, and fifty by the City of Palatka, to which latter number, fifteen additional hydrants are to be added during the next four years. From these hydrants several fire streams can be thrown at once over the highest buildings in the city with the pressure from the standpipe alone, and they constitute a means of protection against fire unsurpassed in effectiveness and reliability. Much credit is due to Mr. Charles Underwood, a resident of Palatka, through whom the attention of the parties owning and building the works was first brought to this subject; also to the builders of the works, of whose representative in charge thereof the News declared : “ Mr. Wheeler has done more than he agreed to do, and his labors in behalf of the City of Palatka are worthy of the greatest praise.” Palatka Heights is a new town only one mile-from the business portion of Palatka, on a high ridge of land overlooking the city and the beautiful St. Johns River, and no finer sight probably is to be witnessed than that to be obtained from the Palatka Heights. Arriv- ing at the brow of the hill from the country in the early morning, a grand view is to be had of the St. Johns River, with its dazzling sheet of water, sparkling in the sunlight, moving backward in a ceaseless flow as the tides rise and fall, bearing on its ample bosom, especially through the winter season, when visitors are pouring into the country, great numbers of steamers, large and small, sail and row boats of every HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH 2.21 description, making the wharves of the city a scene of busy turmoil equal to that of much larger cities. Approaching the city at night from these Heights, the scene is no less than enchanting. The illumi- nations along the shore by the moving variegated lights of the river craft, the lighted buoys, and the lamplight gleaming from hundreds of houses all over the flats, the incoming and outgoing headlights of locomotives rushing along their respective iron pathways, the colored “The Folly.” The Residence of W. C. Hargrove. “aloft lights” of swinging vessels anchored in the stream, all making a beautiful panorama, an ever dioramic scene never to be forgotten. And here are situated some of the finest residences of Palatka’s busi- ness men, among which is “The Folly,” the residence of W. C. Hargrove, comprising fourteen acres of land, beautifully situated about one hundred feet above the St. Johns River. The place is covered with fine oak trees, and seventy-five hundred feet ?23 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. of carriage drives, bordered with sour orange hedges, run through the grounds ; from many points on these avenues most charming views are obtained of Palatka, the St. Johns River, and surrounding country. Twelve acres of The Folly are covered with thrifty young orange trees, which are budded with the choicest varieties, and many thousands of these trees are shipped to different points in the State every winter. The place is open to visitors daily, and a drive through the grounds is one of the pleasures greatly enjoyed by tourists. The grove of F. A. Garrison is also situated at the Heights and is a very attractive estate. " Edgewater," Front View of Residence. Edgewater Grove. Si.x miles above Palatka, on the east side of the river, is this beautiful estate, the winter home of W. F. Fuller, of New York, one of the most attractive in Florida, containing over 2000 orange trees, with other varieties of the citrous family, also Japan per- simmons, Kieper and Le Courte pears, pine apples, figs, peaches, bananas, etc., with a greenhouse for propagating the more delicate tropical fruit and plants. The grounds are nicely laid out with a rare collection of choice plants, comprising azaleas, camelias, palms, and over 700 roses. An artesian well, flowing at the rate of 150,000 gallons per day, which is carried over the grounds by pipes, furnishes an HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 229 abundant supply of water for irrigating purposes ; it also supplies a bathing pool of sulphur water, 40 x 20 feet, which is enclosed and has bathing houses, etc. The temperature of the water is seventy-six degrees. The water is also carried to the stable and poultry yards. The house is a model of convenience, two stories in height, contain- ing eleven rooms, with hot and cold water, bath, laundry, etc. A spacious veranda extends around three sides, on which climbing roses and flowering vines are trained, filling the air with their sweet perfume. There is a gardener’s cottage, stable, and various outbuildings, and at " Edgewater.” Side View of Residence. the wharf a model packing house for the storing and shipping of oranges. Edgewater is justly celebrated for the quality of its fruit. The oranges bringing fancy prices in the market. Over 4000 boxes being shipped annually. Dr. R. C. Flower’s Winter Home is on the St. Johns River, directly opposite Palatka. Dr. Flower conceived the idea, a few years ago, of a winter home in the South, and, after visiting the principal places of attraction, he purchased land here. In the first place Dr. Flower selected very rich land ; in fact, there is not a better piece of land in the State. There is hardly any calculating the work 230 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. he has done, from the clearing of the forest to the beautifying of the place. He has nearly fifty acres of orange grove, which is in the highest state of cultivation. The thirty acre lot, in which is his home, is in every sense of the word an ideal tropical garden. Here are all kinds of tropical plants, trees, flowers, berries, grasses and vines, including thousands of rose-bushes which bloom, leaf and blossom every day in the year. There are two very large artesian wells pouring forth thousands of barrels of water a day. This water supplies the house and the Turkish bath (which is the only one outside of St. Augustine, in the State of Florida). Under sixty acres of his place Dr. Flower's Winter Home — The Orange Grove. two inch pipes are laid one hundred feet apart, and two feet under- ground with hose attachments every hundred feet. These pipes are connected with the artesian wells, consequently, in case of a dry season it would be little trouble to keep the place fresh with mists and showers. Surrounding the house there are twelve or fifteen acres of beautiful grass lawns, as smooth as a table top. The roads running all over the place are made of white shell, and are twenty feet wide, making an avenue as fine as any street in New England. Here are lakes, ponds, Winter Home of Dr, R, C. Flower, opposite Palatka, Florida, 232 HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. and fountains from which flow and spurt in streams and sprays crystal water all the time. In the centre of the place are several acres of deep, heavy, tropical forest of magnolia, pine and oak, the ground covered with palmetto plants, and the trees filled with vines and covered with moss. This the doctor calls his jungle, and you could not well imagine more of a jungle. The driveway to the river runs through this jungle. His vegetable garden is one of the features of the estate. Here grow fruits and vegetables for every day in the year; strawberries from January to January, new potatoes, sweet pota- toes, cabbage, lettuce, peas, greens, and nearly all other vegetables.- Dr. Flower’s Winter Home — The Green-house. His gardeners are imported Scotch gardeners, and his extensive poultry yards are under the most competent management. The house is a two and a half story Queen Anne style with extensive porches all around. It was made in Boston and shipped to Florida, and carpenters were sent to put it up. It is thoroughly modern with every convenience. The doctor keeps considerable stock in his pas- tures and with his hunting horses for the land, and his steam-launch and small boats for the water, he spends most of the time out of doors. He makes several trips during the winter to Florida, staying from a week to two weeks at a time. To quote Dr. Flower's own language ; — “I take more pleasure in visiting Florida than any country in the world. I consider it the Italy of America. A more healthful country HEALTH RESORTS OF THE SOUTH. 233 does not exist ; a more beautiful one cannot be found. It is a land of birds, flowers, fruits and blossoms ; rich in music ; rich in beauty ; rich Dr. Flower’s Winter Home— The Fish Pond. in fragrance. With the summer to the south, winter to the north, it nestles in the lap of spring, semi-tropical fairy of the States." Interior of R. J. Riles’ Jewelry Store, Palatka. (A list of real estate for sale in Palatka and vicinity may be obtained at Chapin’s Farm Agency, Boston, Mass.) ^COTTON SEED OIL COTTON SEED OIL MEAL. COTTON SEED ^COTTON SEED OIL CAKE. RE-GINS. Should be used by every farmer in the South as a stock feed and fertilizer. ‘Tl^e • (ai^eenville • Fertiliser. The best Fertilizer in the market. For proof of this, consult the following gentlemen who have thorOTtgly tested its merits: Capt. O. P. Mills, Greenville; M'. D. Acker, Anderson ; R. F. G. Iloltzclaw, Greenville; J. D. Charles, Reedy River; A. W. McDavid, Oakville; F. E. Mc- Kenzie, Grove Station; R. K. Adams, Reedy River; 1) R. Anderson, M. I)., Fountain Inn; D. R. Adams, Reedy River; .Joiin Ferguson, Greenville; Capt. tVm. 'Wilkins, Greenville; C. Q. Hammond, Ahl)eville; R. E. Sloan, Pendleton; Richd. Linhardt, Easley. ANALYSIS : STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA. Department of Agriculture, i Columbia, S. C., Oct. 2.5, ISSS. i To Greenville Oil Mill, Greenville, S. C. : Dear Sir; A’our attention is called to the follOM'ing copy of Fertilizer Analysis in wluch you are interested : Fertilizer Sample, No. 373. Drawn at Greenville, March IT, 1S8S. Analysis No. 1199-Of Greenville Fertilizer. p. c. Soluble Phosphoric Acid, 4.48 Reverted, . . 3.77 Available, - S.2.7 Insoluble, - 1-47 Total, - . 9.72 Nitrogen 2.89 p. c., equivalent to Ammonia, 3.51 Potash, - 2.14 (Equivalent to p. c. Sulphate of Potash.) Moisture, S.40 Relative commercial Valuation per ton of 2000 lbs., S22.1S. Respectfully submitted, Philip E. Chaz.vl, E. M., Cliemist. Very respectfully, A. P. Butler, Commissioner of .\griculture. Analysis Guaranteed on Sacks. p. c. Available Phosporic .Aciil, - 8 Ammonia, - 21 Potash, - - Greenville Cotton Seed Oil and Ice Co, Greenville, S. C. St Co. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DEALERS IN Drugs & Medicines, Toilet At^tieles, Paints and Oils, Garden and Flower Seeds, etc. PRESCRIPTIONS CAREFULLY PREPARED. Post Office Building, VstRUHRUUR, S. G. rE St. El-7vto. MONTICELLO. FLORIDA. Jefferson county, in which Monticello is situateil, has more fish, game, deer, hears, panthers, and catamounts, than any county of its area in the United States, a fact which every 8])0rtsman should know. The St. Elmo has been newly and elegantly furnished, and will he found first-class in every particular. M weU equipped Livery Stable, and delightful drives in every direction, J. C. S. TIMBERLAKE, Proprietor. fT HE OliRR H OUSE,?- THLLUL/IH FULLS, GM. “THH HIRGRHR OF THE SOUTH” illlllllllllllllllllllli!!l||^^ 200 'S'e&t OUhou© tlv& = = = = = 'STvaiAt6- tfi-e A GOOD BAND. AN EXCELLENT TABLE. SPECIAL RATES BY THE SEASON. Send for Circular, to J. C. S. TIMBERI.AKE, Proprietor. L.ECTRICITY.i<^ PLACE TO CONTINUE ALL THE AVINTEH. lligli I’oint is benutifally sUuateil at an elevation of a thousand feet a')Ove tlie sea, surrounded by Pine Forests, with t’hariiiing Drives, Pure Freestone Water, amt liood Hunting. .lAURELL’S HOTEL is located near the Station, and has FIRST-CLASS ACCOMMODATIONS. Spacious Sample Rooms on first floor for Commercial Men. TERMS: $2.00 yer day. Special rates by t lie inontli . M. JARRELL, Proprietor. The Greenville Female College. T HH DEPflHT|VIE]^T is under the control of Miss Helen R. Platt, of the Chicago Art Institute. Her method of instruction is scientific. The aim of this department is to qualify the student to draw and paint from objects and natural scenery. The Course of Study prescribed is the same as that pursued by the leading Art Institutes in the United States. Students may take a thorough course of charcoal, crayon, oil and water colors, also French pastel, or they may take a shorter course of any one of these, as well as Kensington, Lustra and China painting, having the China fired in town. Charcoal work in Outline Chiaroscuro and Perspective made careful study. Good flats, casts and busts to study from, also charcoal land- scapes from Allonge & Hunt to copy, which, when done properly, resemble bold engraving. This is all preparatory to working from buildings and scenery out doors. Advanced students taught to work from the human face and form, also from animals of all kinds, as they can be brought into the studio or the students taken out doors to work from them. At close of scholastic year there will be an exhibition of the year’s work. All creditable pieces of work are expected to be framed. Frames will be bought wholesale and thereby as cheap as possible. The Art students will appear at exhibition decorated with new art badge. Lessons also given in stamping, designing and all late styles of embroidery. Previous to the session of 1884-85, the means of imparting instruc- tion in Art were quite limited, and the number of pupils rarely exceed- ed five or six. Under the thorough and enthusiastic teaching of Miss Platt, this Department has steadily grown in numbers and efficiency till it is now one of the leading interests of the College. Reference is made to the Catalogue of Works of Art done by pupils of this Depart- ment. An elegant studio, fitted with models, drawing and painting apparatus, is set apart for pupils in Art. J. Ell WOOD Cox, MANUFACTURER OF Shuttle Blocks, Finished Spokes, DOGWOOD BOBBIN HEADS, HICKORY RIM STRIPS, SPOKE BILLETS, HANDLE BLOCKS, ETC. High Poiht, H- C. TERRY’S Improved Cotton Seo*^l Planter, RETAIL, PRICE REDUCED TO $6. TTJIIE most DTTRABLE 51.VCHIXE IX THE MAltKET. I'ufs in ilry mi- rjlt rolled Cotton Seed. !mAKES XO XUISE. The leeil I.S I’EHEECT and * NEVER FAILS. Drops in large or small seed equally well, and can he regulated to put in any quantity ilesired. It opens the furrow,' C]t?s 0^ FLOWER POTS, JUGS, ETC. J. p. <$ummi9(5s pri9tii>(5 <$o., Printers, * Publishers, • 5TflTiONERS, AND ELECTROTYPERS, .* « W ers^ii^^for^ Sfpeet, jSosioi^, j^eiss. * * Publishers of the KNIGHTS OF HONOR REPORTER. Printers of this book. McAllister & bentz, Are now in complete readiness for the Fall and Winter trade. Stocked with all that is new, fashionable and rare, in all the different departments of their estab- lishment, viz. : Dress Goods, Calicoes, Cloths, Linens, Underwear, Jer- seys, Cloaks, Furniture Coverings, Carpet and Window Shades, and Cornice Poles. New dress goods are simply superb in style and colorings, and in greater variety than ever before presented within tfiese four walls. Prices in all styles vary from 8 cents for wool mixtures up to the rarest imported fabrics. We'are l>repared to supply all tastes and inclinations. Our stock of black goods, to which we are constantly adding all the new de- signs in pattern and weave that the most skilled clotli artists in Europe and America are producing, is grandeur itself. We are handling many of Priestly’s weaves whose colors are renowned for excellence and durability. We are selling the "usual 3.5c. Henrietta, 38 inches wide, at ‘2.5c. All grailes proportionally low. We have all the fashionable Trimmings, Black Crochet, Gimps, Points, Hadings, Panels and Fronts. Striped Surahs are simply lovely in qualities and design. Plushes all widths and all colors. Dress Goods stock, in Dry Goods, always the centre of attraction, the “ hub of the wheel,” the “ centre gem of the business.” All other stocks and material are but toiling to support this “Haughty Chief.” The character of a dry goods store is always judged by the dress goods stock. It takes more thought and time than all the others. Weare willing to be thus judged, and we earnestly trust that our customers and friends will see “Our Stock” and fonu their own conclusions. We are full in the Cloth Department : Cassimeres of all makes and shades, Jeans of allgraen to the worlil, Auajust.a. .5 in premiums. Sheep, live ])rizes. With three entries in bench show, we won two second prizes. Premiums Won at South Carolina State Fair. Stallion, in harness, open to the world first prize; Saddle horse, open to the world, first prize; Stallion, over 4 yrs., second prize; Best filly, 3 yrs., first prize: Be, St filly, 1 yr., second prize ; Saddle pony, first prize ; Pair matched mares, open to the world, second prize; Best 2-year-oid mule, second prize; Best 1-year-old mule, first prize. ' CATTLE. Best herd (grade) Holstein, first prize; Best herd (grade) Devons, first prize; Best Holstein bull, 3 years, first prize ; Best Holstein bull, 1 to 2 years, first prize ; Best Holstein heifer, 2 to 3 years, first prize; Best cow (grade) Devon, 3 years, first prize; Best heifer (grade) Devon, 2 to 3 years, first prize; Best Heifer calf, second prize; Best Jersev heifer, 2 to 3 years, first prize; Best Oxford Down ram, 1 to 2 years, first prize; 6est Oxford Down ewe lamb, second prize; Best Angora buck, 1 to 2 years, second prize. SANS SOUCI FARMS, Greenville, P. O., Soutk Carolina fdanuiaetupeps of (si)(i G'eapii)^, jfipe ar)A Ipo:^ ff) i^OjviSEjf}. Seheca, South Cahouiha. WILKINS, POE & CO. Wholesale Dealers in Agricultural Implements and Machinery, 67 MAIN STREET, GREENVILLE, - - - SO. CAROLINA. F. B. ncBEE, ^ ^ ^ ATTORNEY-AT-LAW. Examining (Real Estate Titles a Specialty. GRHENVmLiE, S. C. CLARK & WILCOX, Greenville, S. C. Monument Work of every Description STATUARY AND VASES IMPORTED TO ORDER. Wrou.gh.t Iron Fencing, Etc. R . C. ROSXER. ■^i Cotton BuyePl^ Dealer in Qeneral ]\iferchandise 134 MAIN STREET, GREENVILLE, S. C. T^OUKISTS will find a quiet stopjjing place en -route North at WESTflIINsTER, S. C ., between Atlanta and Charlotte, on the Pied- mont Air Cine K. K., nearly opposite the Station. Terms, SI. 50 a day. Write for rooms, or stop over without notice. MRS. P. M. ENGCAND. WESTMINSTER ARBLE Works, WESTMINSTER, S. C. PITTS & GF?H.Y, - - PfiopfiietOPS. Mamifacturer.s of and dealers in all kinds of American and Italian Marble work. Tiling, Flagging, Mantels, Hearths, Tablets, Jlonunients, Headstones, etc. Iron Railing and Fencing. •Sll Kii“|tl^ of Cenietefy \Yoi‘k a ^pocdally LOWEST PRICES. SATISFACTION CUARANTEED. CORRESPONHF.NCE SOLICITED. PITTS S GRAY, Westminster S. C. P. C. Westmoeeland. Dr. W. P. adei.sos. WESTMORELAND BROS,, WHOLKSALE AIsD RETAIL No. 101 Main St., Greenville, S. 0. We carry a full anil complete stock of tlrug.s, medicmes, patent ami proprie- tary meilicines. Sponges, Brushes, Toilet and Fancy Mrticles, Paints, Oils, Uarnishes, lllindow Class, GAROEN AND FIELD SEEDS. Pliy.sicians, Merchants, anil families, can always lind what tlie.v want in mir stock, anil guavanteed of best quality and at lowest market rates. U/e are sole Manufacturers and Proprietors of Dr, Duke’s Anti-Bilious Wafers, and many other popular and valuable remedies, Call and see us, or write us for prices. We are Wholesale Agents for many of the most popular patent medicines, and sell the same to the trade at mauufacturer.s’ prices. Resjiectfnlly, WESTMORELAND BROS. J. C. FITZOERALD (Over Westmoreland Bros.’ Drug Store,) GREENVILLE, S. C. All work done bj' the instantaneous process. Also, make enlargements from old pictures to any size, in Water Colors, Crayon, India Ink, Oil, and plain Photographs. In my Studio the visitor will tlnd on exhibition an extensive collection of INDIAN RELICS, CONFEDERATE CURIOS in variety, among which is an original plate from which the Confederate Government issued Confederate Bonds and Bills. Have rare OLD ARMS, ANCIENT COIN, A’ALUABLE OLD MEDALS, and many wonderful Curios which I shall be glad to show the visitor. Do You Know That for the Past 52 Years THE Greenville Coach Factory, Has Been in Successful Operation? Tlicir Carrijiges, Buggies, Hacks, Phaetons, and Wagons have no superior in durabiUty. l*rices low, compelling’ sales. Special attention given to ordered work. A large stock of WESTERN AVORK on hand. Our HARDWARE DEPARTIVIENT : Well stocked in Tools. Farming Implements, Cotton Planters, General Hardware, and Carriage Goods. PAINT DEPARTIVIENT: Oils, Leads, Paints and Painters’ Supplies. Sole Agent for SHERWIN-WILLIAMS MIXED HOUSE PAINTS. H. C. MARKLEY, Proprietor. 0. W. SIKRINE, Siipcriiitendent. GREENVILLE, S. C, SAM FARKAS, SALE AND FEED STABLE. Cor. Jackson and Broad Streets, ALBANY, GA. E. A. GARTER, cneat niapket, i ^ivexcelled. On the line of street rudnap. Free from the racl-et of Main Street. Xear churches. Post Office, Telegraph Office, etc., etc. It win be the constant eflovt of the rroprietov to liave his table to reiniml yon of your Grandmother’s. It is a good place for yon to speml either Summer or Winter. It is a good place for the Commercial Tourist to siicnd Sunday. Bells, Baths, Electric Lights, Telephone, and a Whistle. W. R. WHITE, THE • EUHEKfl, CLARKSVILLE, GA, ■^ 1 * • • SEASON OF 1890 . • 1 ^ Be^UFA(.TLrRERJ5 ANI> I>EALEKS IX lumber, Sast^, Door5, Blinds, BRACKETS. MOULDINGS. ETC. STAIRS, - NEWP:L posts, - BALUSTP:RS, - WOOD MANTELS, - AND BUILDING MATERIAL GENERALLY. COKKESPONDETSCE SOEICITED. Barker’s Mills, - - High Point, N.C. o 5I.T. Barkkr. T. C. Barker. iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiMiMiiiiiiiiiiiiiimiiiiiiiiii BiEIWRHI^’S rioTELi, D. BIEMANN & SON, Propr’S. Summer inter Resort. ALTITUDE 1660 FEET. DRY ATMOSPHERE. Climate unequalleil for Asthma ami Lung Troubles, also tree from Malaria. •$1I=REE WALHALLA, S. C Df. J. P. CRplilSliE, Dentist, Greenville, S. C. OveF WesttnoFeland & Co.’s Drug StoF0. ^he nterprise and jy[ountaineer, Greenville, South Carolina. ••• • • Established 1824. • • •?• '/yy.^ /^//^//^//^//^//^//^ ^'^^//^//^//^. ^ ^//^//^//^//A' ^ y y /y//y//y//y//y//y//y/ y//y//y//y//y/'A JOHN C. BAILEY, Editor. A Good GirGugation. A High Prigdd Paprr, Only piFst-elass Advertisements Solicited. ReaiUng notices, except for responsible residents of this city, will not he inserted at any price. Address, John C. Bailey, P. O. Eox No. 70. Greenville, S. C. BOCKHEIR & PARKER, *?^RAGTlGAL FAINTDRG D OPPOSITE EXCHANGE HOTEL, Washington vStreet, GREENVILLE, S. C. •f House • Painting, -r - Graining, Glazing, Galsomining, Frescoing, - Carriage Painting, Paper Hanging, iiiimiiiiiiiiiniiuuimiiiiimiinniiiniii (Sltt GJ5o-\-fo ©a-iTe, O/M/ti = j^aoti/O-ri/ ‘§iu/aVavite©ci. Home • flleat • fHarket, D. T. BOUNDS, Proprietor. 56 Coffee St., Gpeenville, S. C. My customers are supplied all the year round with the best and purest quality of fresh Meats. I study the interest of my customers as well as my own in keeping a neat home market, well supplied with the choicest Beef and other Meats. D. T. BOUNDS THEObORE nEINHflKbT, AND SURVEYOR. Office over Sloan Bros.’ Drug Store. Gt^EEHVmiiE, s. c. JAS. T. WILLIAMS & CO., Wliolesale and Retail Dealer? in CUTLERY, GUNS, IRON. NAILS, AND STEEL. Buildeps’ fDatepial, Agricultural Implements- 79 Main St., and 8 & 10 Laurens St., GREENVILLE, S. C. ALEXANDER FINLAY. JAMES FINLAY. F'INLAY BROS., WHOLES A.LE AND RETAIL GROCERS 123 Main and 40 &. 42 Coffee Streets, GReeN:^iLL-e, s. c. None but the best goods sold, and every package guaranteed as to weight and quality. Ail goods delivered inside the corporation if desired. We keep all kinds of Canned. Gfoods, Sugar, Tea, Coffee, Butter, Cheese, etc. Dealers in « « « « Flour, Bacon, Lard, Syrup, MOhflSSES, Peas, Oats, Rye,W^heat Bran, CORN MND HKV. I4- ;6®*Telephone Call 49. «Cfl5E 6^ LITTON, f Contractors psR Builders, AND MANUFACTURERS OF Doors, Sash, Blinds, Mouldings and Building Material of Buerg description, Rough Lumber from 7 Sc. to $1.25 per hundred. Dressed Lumber from 7 Sc, to $2.00 per hundred. 100,000 feet of good Kiln Dried Georgia Lumber, just ordered, Ule will, at an earlg dag, add to our establishment a Standard Hat Blast Drg Kiln, with a capacitg of 4000 feet Buerg twentg-faur hours. LUe are here to stag and with the determination not to be undersold bg ang one, LUe have emploged the best skilled labor, and solicit gour patronage, guaran- teeing satisfaction to our customers. CMSE & LITTON, Cor. Ulest and Echols Sts,, Greenville, S. C. James McPherson, PUP^E) OPvAPE^ WINE), BY THE BOTTLE OR GALLON. ^iTOBACCO AND CIGARS,!^ CONFPXTIONERY, Toys, FpuiT, Tin, and Glass Ward. BASKETS, CANNED GOODS, PITC. No. Ill Main Street, GRE E IV/ILLE, S. C. •fE. H. 7v\:^Bee, Eloui^sell©!? etf Practices in State and United States Courts. OFFICE : Over A. H. .Jenkins’ office, Main Street, Greenville, S. C. iA£3AI-TeR H[\^rS[NICUTT, Pl5](^t(^gfa^t]i(S Artist, Tallulah Falls, Ga. Groups in and out of doors. Studio work a specialty. Views of Tallulah Falls and points of interest in vicinity, mailed post-paid at the following prices ; Stereoscopic Views, per doz., $2.00; Large 5x8 Views, each, 25o. Send for Catalogue. J. L. HAYNIE & DAUGHTER, AGENTS FOR LUDDEN X BATES’ SOUTHERN MUSIC HOUSE SAVANNAH, GA. CHIGKERING PIANOS AND MASON 8 HAMLIN ORGANS. Instruments direct from the factory and all freights paid, Sheet Music, Music Books, Imported Musical Instruments, Band Instruments and Supplies. Office, 38 Westfield Street, - - GREENVILLE, S, C. B. KAUFLE, ^OOSI, 5IGN »ND OSNMEKm PITIIG ALSO Frescoing, Paper Hanging, Graining, Etc. U9 1-2 McBee Ai/enue, - - - GREENVILLE, S. C. A, B. SCRUGGS. Main Street, GREENVILLE, S. C. (Over Snider A Co.’s .lewelry Store.) Fashionable Boot and Shoe Maker. REPAIRING A SPECIALTY. FAMILY GROCERIES, FAMILY GROCERIES. Families can always depend upon finding a general assortment of Staple -AND- Fancy Groceries, DRIED AND SMOKED MEATS, Canned Goods, and Vegetables in their Season, POULTRY, EGGS, CHICKENS, CONFECTIONERY. 0000000 FLOUR ‘test grades: (Tobacco and Cigars.) Nearly opposite Opera House. THOS. J. PRICE, No. 52 Coffee St. T. W. Bark. L. L. Barr. T. W. BARR'& BRO, PUMPS, IRON and lead PIPE, Plumbing and Steam Fitting, Houses Fitted for Gas or Steam Heat. Bath Rooms and AVater Closets litted up. House and Store Awnings. No. 38 Main Street, GREENVILLE, S. C. G. D. Barr. T. W. Barr. G. D. BARR & SON. RANGES AND FURNACES. Tin, Sheet-iron, Slate and Metal Roofing. Repairing Maohinery, Sewing Machines, Guns, Locks, etc., promittly done. «g=BARR BUILDING, COR. MAIN AND BROAD STS.,^ 0pp. new Post Office GREENVILLE, S. 0. L_ . REID.i^ DEALER IN 0oods, 01othing, BOOTS, SHOES, 41HATS, CAPS, DRUGS, AND GENERAL • MERCHANDISE CHOICE jPKWIL-V GROCERIES, Teas and Coffees, Foreign and Domestic P'rdits, Cigars, &c. ■^I-Country Ppoduee Bought and Sold. WALHADLA, S. C. J. W. Norwood, D. D. S. W. M. Norwood, D. D. S. ♦DENTISTS- OFFICE, 80 i Main Street, Nearly opposite the Mansion House. RESIDENCE, 171 WASHINGTON STREET. GREENVILLE, S. C. G7XS TXDTV^INISTEReD. Local Antesthetics used when filling sensitive teeth. All operations carefully and skilfully performed. WHEELER’S Photograph Gallery, iiiiiiniiiiiiiiiimiiiiisniiiiiiiiiiiHiuuimiiiuniiiiiiiiliilfiliniliiiiiitiiiiiiiiiiiniiniiliiiiin iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiini mill nun iinnuiiiniiiiininn. 1 13 Main Street, Greenville, S. C. Old Pictures Copied and Enlarged. PARTICULAR ATTENTION TO PHOTOGRAPHING CHILDREN. VIEWS of BUILDINGS TAKEN TO ORDER. Having been established eighteen years, all work will be done in first-class style. IV. M. WHEELER, Photographer . “The JSliagaPa of the South 9 9 VIEW HOTELi. TALLULAH FALLS, GA. opens dune 10, and Closes !• Kates Aocordlnj? to Location of Rooms. Special avrangements made tvith families. Trains stop at the Gkand View, Whicli is tlie first liotel reached at Tallulali. Beniitlfiil Park Coiiiiecled. Siiiniiier Houses. Foiiiitaiiis. Magniflreut Views. Billiarils. Ten Pins. Tennis. Fishing. A tiood Band of Music. • • • AND GOOD LIVING. ••• !«■ For further itarticulars, address, W. D. YOOHO, Ovunep and Proprietor. ■^1- F=7VL-I_S. Gt^. R EK1_ EsTHT© R EKL. RsTHXe. % The Putnam County Central Real Estate Bureau Having its headquarters at Palatka, Florida, is pre- pared to Sell, or Exchange, REAL ESTATE OF EVERY DESCRIPTION, in Putnam County, the banner county of the State. Palatka, the gem city of Florida, has the most promising future of any city in the State. Estates managed, taxes paid, titles investigated, and loans negotiated. J. RUSSELL KENNEDY, Manager, P. 0. Box 457. Front Street, Palatka. MANUFACTURER AND DEALER IN Wagons, Baggies, Cappiages, ROADCARTS, BUCKBOARDS, WHEELBARROWS, &c, /\11 Js^inds of ^ork in '\Yood or Jron Pt^OmPTliV DOl^E ON SHORTEST NOTICE AND REASONABLE TERMS. iiiiiiiiiiiiiiitimiiiiiiniiiiiiiiiiiinniiiiii REPAIRING A SPECIALTY NEATLY DONE, Senecm, S. C. Mountain View Vineyard, In the City oe Walhalla, s. C. CommaDcling a maguificent view of the Bine Ridge Moun- tains. Containing 51 Acres, with eleven thousand Grape Vines in bearing. Also five hundred Apple, Pear, Peach, Cherry, and Plum Trees, all in bearing. "Wine Cellar, 20x40, with press and all required machinery. Residence of 6 rooms, all 10x16, painted and blinded, broad piazza, detached kitchen. Stable, 30x20, Hennery, Granary, Carriage House, etc., all in good repair. The Grape Crop will amount to FIFTY TONS this Season. PRICE. $10,000. One-fourth Cash, balance in light annual payments at 7 per cent, interest. Apply to OR TO CHAPIN’S FARM AGENCY. The Oconee Wine Growers and Fruit Distilling Association are building a cellar on this estate. C. W. WIECKING, Walhalla, S. C. flliLiEGHAriY HOUSE. JOHN JONES, Proprietor. A HOME FOR COMMERCIAL MEN, AND A PLEASANT RESORT FOR ALL TRAHSrEHT AND -SUMMER VISITORS, WHO CAM: GET POLITE AND PROMPT ATTENTION AED GOOD FARE AT REASOH- ABLE RATES. MY REFERENCES ARE MY TABLE AND BEDS. • • • • TRV T^T • • . • CLtflHKSVmiiE, - - GEOHGIFi- JOHN JQNES> The Old l^eliable Ltivei»yman, tuith Jt^tvyes W. West, • Owner and Proiirietor, • ClaiT^ksVille • liivepy • Stable. First-Class Turnouts furnished at all times at reasonable rates, with careful drivers. Satisfaction guaranteed. lour Patronage Solicited. Give us a trial at Clarksville, Ga. IWountain Vietu Hotel, (Formerly the Habersham). On the Public Sq., CLiAf^KSVILiLiE, GA. The iiopular Summer Resort. Midway between the TALbULAlI and TOCCUA FALLS, and ten miles from the FAMOUS UACOOCHEE VALLEY and YONAH MOUNTAIN. MAGNIFICENT MOUNTAIN VIEIYS. FIVE HUNDRED AND SIXTY-FIVE FEET OF PIAZZAS. 1700 FEET ABOVE THE SEA. The table is supplied with the best the market affords. Telegraph and Ex- press accommodations. Rates — $10 per week, $25 per month. Children half price. Newly repaired, enlarged and refurnished. Conveyances to all points at reasonable rates. fl. HOUSTOH, PFoppietOF Pure Grape Wine and Brandies. Grape Vines for Planting a Specialty. Prices Low and Satisfaction Guaranteed. pi: > Oh c5 '-o % I 'S; S I - So ^ During the Season the Trade Supplied at Short Notice with the Choicest Fruits. FflCUliTY Hllili 3ummep and ^intep l^esopt. College Street near Depot, P. 0. Box 153, WALHALLA, S. C. H. P. Ppop’F. House lieated throughout ill winter, and open lii-e places. Fine drives and plenty of shade; good hunting; climate unsurpassed all the year round by any other place in the United States. For terms and other information, write to the Proprietor. H. P. TERHUNE. (Late of Hackensack, N. J.) Hell -hole Lime FOR SKLE. Including 70 Acres heavy Timber. Inexhaustible supply first quality Lime. Lime Kiln, Furnace, and various Outbuildings. 12,000 bushels capacity. VALUABLE WATER POWER— for any Manufactur- ing business. 40 ft. fall — Ten Miles. Cottage House, Stable and Barn. 20 Acres Under Cultivation. Price, $ 2000 . $500 Cash, balance $200 a year — 7 per cent. Apply to J. E. WALHALLA, S, C. Palatka, Fla. The Putnam, with every modern improvement, has accommodations for five hundred. It occupies an entire square, thus securing light on all sides, WITH THE BEST OF VENTILATION. Its sanitary arrangements are perfect. Pure water from an Artesian Well. Lioeated 56 Miles fpom Jacksonville, via J. T. ii K. W. K. R., or St. Johns River Steamers, and Only 28 Miles from toe celeOratet Ponce fle Leon Hotel, St. Aiipstine. ALL OCKLAWAHA Rli/ER STEAMERS START FROM PATLATKA. OSCAR G. BARRON, Proprietor. ,\lso of the FABYAN, CRAWFORD, Mt. Pleasant and Summit Houses, AVhite’ Mountains. m. F. PARKER, aiEST)VlirjST EH, s. C. WHOLESALE DEALER IN liumbeF. iFriiiminiiimniimiiiimiii Comprising Pine, Oak, Poplar, flsh. Hickory, &c. ! SEND FOR LIST OF PRICES. pei^eca I^ivefy Stable X. E. Cor. of the Square, SENECA, S. C. THOMPSON & LOWERY, Propr’s. We do a Ilrst-class livery busiuoss and deal in tine Horses an• f C7« es I I tc “BAY VIEW" I'lear Bap Hai^bop, JVIe The old Closson Homestead, containing 50 acres, situated at Blue Hill, Maine, across the Bay from Bar Harlior (but much safer yachting than at Bar Harbor, being land locked). There is about half a mile of ocean front available for cot tage lot.s, and an excellent beach for bathing. The land is -n-ell situated, highly productive, and well watered by living springs. There is a granite rjuarry on the farther side with an inexhaustible stipply of the best quality of building material. •20 acres are in wood of heavy growth — fully 10,000 feet of siu-uce lumber is now suitable to cut, besides enough wooil for open fires. Fruit in variety. Cottage with basement. Stable 30,x28. Carriage House, Shed, etc., needing some repairs. Steamers pass within hailing distance and leave iiassengers at the fann. Lobsters and other shell fish in great abundance, and no better fisbing anywhere. The heirs live at a distance, and being unable to occupy the estate, offer the same for JVIagnifiGent Ocean Viems. $.500 cash, balance $.500 a ye.ar at .5 per cent, interest. Apply to GEO. W. CLAY, Ex’r, Blue Hill, Me. SAM’L CLOSSON, Monson, Mass. Or to CHAPIN’S FARM AGENCY, Boston, Mass.