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THE 'T>1 \ 
 
 HISTORY 
 
 1/ O F T H E 
 
 Kingdom of Scotland, 
 
 FROM 
 
 Fergus the Firft King, to the Commence- 
 ment of the Union of the Two Kingdoms 
 
 OF 
 
 Scotland and England, 
 
 In the Sixth Year of the Reign of our late Sovereign 
 Queen Anne, An?io 1707. 
 
 W H K R E I N 
 
 Several Miflakes of Buchanan^ and other of the Common Writers 
 of the Hiftory of Scotland, are Refuted : With an Account of 
 feveral Remarkable Occurrences of that Ancient Kingdom 
 never before Publifhed ; particularly, of the Horrid Murder of 
 - the Glenco Men in the Year 15512. 
 
 To which is Added, 
 
 An Account of the REBELLION in Scotland in the Year 1715, 
 and of the Tryal of the Lord Bolinghrokc by the ‘Pretender and his 
 Lords at Avigtion, 
 
 As alfo, 
 
 A Defcription of the Kingdom of Scotlafid, and the Ifles thereunto belong- 
 ing ; with the Names, Surnames, and Titles of the Peers, with the Dates 
 of their Creation ; the Names of the Clans and Families of Diftinftion, 
 and the Laws and Government in Church and State. 
 
 ~By J. W. M. D.~ 
 
 ‘DUBLIN, Printed for the Author 5 and Sold by T. Saunders, 
 at the Bell Little-Britain and B. Creak e, at the Bible in 
 Jermy 7 i-ftreet, St. Jameds, London. M.d CC.XXIV. 
 
‘Printed for B.CreAke, at the Bible in Jermyn-ftreet, St. James’s j 
 
 T he Generai. History of Ireland: Containing, I. A full and impartial Account 
 of the fiift Inhabitants of that Kingdom, with the Lives and Reigns of 174 fucceeding 
 Monarchs of the Milejian Race. II. The Original of the Qadelians, their Travels into 
 Spdiirt, and from thence into Ireland. III. A fuccinft Account of the Reigns of all the 
 Kings of Ireland, with the feveral Attempts and Invafions upon that liland. IV. Of the. 
 frequent Alliftance the Irijh afforded the Scots againft their Enemies the Romatts and Britons j 
 particularly, their obliging the Britons to make a Ditch from Sea to Sea between England) 
 and Scotland, to guard themfelves from the Surprize.s and frequent Incurlions of the Scots and 
 Irijh. V. A genuine Defcription of the Courage and Liberality of the ancient Irijh, their 
 fevete Laws to preferve their JKecords and Antiquities, and the Punillinients inflifted on thofe 
 Antiquaries who prefum’d to vary from the Truth. With an Account of the Laws and 
 Cuftoras of the Irjh, and their Royal AlTemblies at 'Tara, &c. VI. A Relation of the long 
 and bloody Wars of the Irijh againft the Danes, whole Yoke they at laft threw off, and le- 
 ftored Liberty to their Country, which they preferv’d till the Arrival of Henry II. King of 
 England. Collefted by the learned Jeoffry Keating, D. D. Tranflated from the Origi- 
 nal IriPi. With many curious Amendments, taken from the Pfalters of Tara and Cajhel, 
 and other Authentick Records. Illnfttated with above 160 Coats of Arms of the Ancient 
 Irijh. With particular Genealogies of many Noble FamilieSj cutioully Engraven upon Forty- 
 three Coppei Plates, by the bell Mailers, 
 
To the PJght Honourable 
 
 ^ 4 - 
 
 AN N Ey Lady Mount joy. 
 
 M A D A M, 
 
 T his Htfiorj ofSccilmd isDedicatedtoyour 
 Ladyjhi'^ and my Lord Mouncjoy’s Family in 
 General as heing‘T)efcended from that mo fi 
 lAntient and Illupnous Royal Family of zvhic hit treats. 
 Rut in particular your Ladyfdp is Intreated to Coun- 
 tenance and Protect that Part of the Htfiory., wherein 
 the Pdonour and Innocence of that ?noJr injur d Prmcefs 
 Mary Stewart Flueen of Scotland, is Vindicated^ a-a^ 
 gainfi all the Treacherous Forgery of her Mean-fpirited 
 AFalicious Enemies^ and all Juch as Copy after them,, 
 or Countenance their Veteflahle Crimes. 
 
 In the other Parts of the Hiftory of Scotland, are 
 to he feen many Memorable ^tlions of mofl Heroicky 
 as zvell as Virtuous,, Ladies ; which is likezvife fpecially 
 recommended to your Lady-Jhip. ^s for the Hiftory 
 in General, it is ajuji Tribute (tho' 1 am forry it comes 
 fo far fhort of what it ought to be) pay'd to the Memory 
 of the mojt Hncient Race of Hereditary Monarchs, 
 (not only m but in the known World. Then, 
 
 Madam, 
 
 ? ’ 
 
Dedication. 
 
 Madam, as ^ou are Married to a Nohle Lord, and the ' 
 Happy (^Mother of Hopeful Children, def :ended from I 
 that Royal Race, this Dedication is properly due to your ; 
 Lady/hip : Hnd when it appears under your VrdteLti- 
 
 on, 'tts not to he doubted hut it zvill be acceptable to 
 Perfons of all Ranks in this Kingdom* 
 
 I have Nothing to offer to your Ladyjhip or the Pub- 
 lick, to Excufe my own Faults, hut only this, nat it is 
 the Ftrfl Attempt of this Kind, of Ono. zvho is far 
 more Defirous to he Efteem'd a Lover of his Native 
 Country, than a Publtck Author. L'hereforej Madam, 
 your favourable Reception and Protection of it ^ will be | 
 a Certain and Lafitng Itcflimony of your RefpeCt to i 
 the Memory of the Deceas'd Kings, and Generous good : 
 Wifhes to Scotland. Which mufi indifpenfibly oblige I 
 all the Natives and Well Wtfhers of that Nation to f I 
 thank your Ladyjhip, But as for my own Part, aU |l 
 though / am obliged to have a due Regard and Efleem | 
 for all the Nohle Family of my Lord Mountjoy, yet k* 
 your favourable Reception of this will more Particularly jl 
 oblige me to acknowledge, that lam, voith the utmofi j 
 Refpe^, 
 
 Madam, 
 
 Your Ladylliip’s mod Obliged 
 and moft Humble Servant, ^ c* 
 
P R E- F A C E. 
 
 A ccording to common Cudom Imufl Preface a little too. Tes forfooth., 
 and be as ready as any of my Countrymen to aver.^ Thut Scotland 
 may Vie Antiquity mth the Antientejl Nation in the World. Let the 
 Reader coonpare the following Sheets with the Hiftory of any Nation in 
 Europe, and fee which of them has been a continued Monarchy under one 
 Race of Kings for the Space of 2ol>j Tears. But fome miifl fay that Scot- 
 land were Vajfals to the Kings of England, and did them Homage for 
 the Crown of Scotland, and fo can claim no Precedency among Free Prin- 
 ces. This fome EngUlli Hijlorxans do with great Confidence aver. That 
 their Ignorance^ or Malice^ or both, may appear, we are fatisfied to re- 
 fer our Part to the Hifiories and Records of other Nations, and even to 
 the Acknowledgments of the Kings of England as Recorded. We freely 
 grant that the Kings of Scothnd did bold the Lands of Northumber- 
 land Cumberland and Weftmorland, in Capite of the Crown of Eng- 
 land' which was very ordinary arnongji Sovereign Princes-. For thus the 
 Kings of England did Homage to the Kings of France /or the Provinces 
 polfefs’d by them in France. And behold from that fome has ignorantly, 
 and others malitiou fly, taken Occafion to mifreprefent it as doMyfor the 
 whole Kingdom 0/ Scotland. 
 
 Others muji fay {when we fay Scotland was never fubjeB to, nor Con- 
 quered by any Foreign Power) they did not- think it worth Trouble and 
 Expence of Conquejb. In that their Ignorance and Malice, or both, mufi 
 appear. To prove it : See the many Attempts of the Brittons, Romans, 
 Saxons, Danes, Normans, Englifli. It may be forfooth, that they 
 were only in Jefi when they came with their Armies againfi Scotland. 
 But I would Speir at them, whether or not they believed the Scots were 
 in down right Earnefi when they ufed to Bang them foundly^ and make 
 them think One Pair of Heels worth Two Pair of Hands \ But fine’s 
 what is paft is not to be recall d, let both Nations do well in Time to- 
 ming. Bu t as for Scotland, Fm fure the Natives of it need not be afha- 
 med of the Deeds of their Deceas'd Ancefiors. Therefore I think it a 
 Duty incumbent on all Scots Men, to take Notice of any Native or Stran- 
 ger. who .dares offer to Defame the Dignity of the Nat wnf 'tffecially fnch 
 
PREFACE 
 
 jis are fo impudent and infolent to tread with irreverent Feet on the Bufi 
 if our Glorious Race of Kings^ Vnparall^l’d for their Bravery in De- 
 fence of their Country^ Prote^ion of their AUies^ and JJJifiing audRe- 
 dreffing the OpprefPd. 
 
 Here^ befules paying aU due RefpeB to the Memory of our Kings^ 1 ' 
 have done Jujlice to that mojl Injur’d Princefs Mary Stewart ^ueen of 
 Scotland; and I am confident^ as there is nothing but undeniable Truth 
 offered to Vindicate her Honour and Innocence^ all Perfons of Honour and 
 Lovers of Truth, will Defend it. I mn(i take Notice, that I find that 
 famous Piece of forg’d Falfhood, The Deteftion of Mary Queen of Scot- 
 land, Reviv’d by fame fcandalous Perfonj and for foot h he mu ft callhim-‘ 
 felf a Perfon of Honour of the Kingdom of ScotUnd. But lam furehe 
 is neither a Perfon of Honour norHonefty, nor has any Acquaintance with 
 the Hifiory o/Scotland; for be mofi impudently and ignorantly fays in 
 his Preface, That f amts the Fifth, a Cruel Fain-Glorious Prince, was 
 Slain in the Battle of Floden-field, and left his Daughter Mary {who 
 was after jSyfeen) a Child not above Eight Days old. Such is the Igno- 
 rance of this pretended Man of Honour, That it was King James the 
 Fourth who was Slain in Floden-field, and Jame§ the Fifth, Father of 
 ^ueen'Mavy, Died in his own Palace of Falkland. He farther forfeits 
 any Pretention he may have to Honour or Manhood, by countenancing and 
 fubliping with fq much Ignorance and Impudence., that Scandalous For- 
 gery to Murder the Memory of an Innocent-.Woman, efpeciady a ^ueen. 
 'Sure ail Fdsn of Honour or Humanity will acknowledge. That they owe 
 their Being in the World to Women, next to the Divine Providence" 
 of the Almighty Creator, and that the RefpeB that is due to the Sex 
 on that Account, obliges Men in Hono.ur and Gratitude to Sbreen andDe- 
 fend the .Infirmities incident to their Weaknefs, rather than to take any 
 %'^tnanly Advantage of the Tendernefs of their Sex. 
 
 ■ While I jufily complain, of this pretended Perfon of Honour, I cannot 
 forget th^ Jujlice and Impartiality of the Judicious and Learned Mr. 
 Bond, who has in his Dedication of the Second <?/ Buchannau’r 
 
 Hafiory 0 / Scotland, done far more Jujl ice to the Memory of that Author, 
 than thofe who Copy his Errors, without mentioning his Repentance. All 
 other Parts of this Hifiory being Truth in it’s Native Drefs, I hope the 
 Judicious Reader will excuje it’s Want of the Recommending Ornaments 
 of Rhetor ic-k. I am well afiiired of being Cenfured for cramming fo large 
 A Hifiory iMt> fo fmaU a Volume \ but when all the mofi remarkable Paf- 
 
PREFACE 
 
 fa^es are found here Gleaned from the Lejfer Occurrences^ and faithfiu- 
 Iji Dige(ied in a fuccinU Method, it will fatisfy the Curious, efpeciaHy 
 thofe whofe Humour or Leifure will not permit them to turn over larger 
 Volumes', and that what is here contained is fufficient to know the Antienit 
 and Prefent State of the Kingdom of Scotland from the Coming over of 
 Fergus the Firji King of Scotland to the Commencement of the Vnion. 
 I hope I Jhall need no further Apology for that Crime ; and as I have 
 defigned my felf Impartial^ I hope my Reader will do me the Juftice to fay 
 that I have Spoke Nothing but ‘Truth with Relation to any Party or 
 Perfon. 
 
 As for the Letter containing^ A Short Account of the Rebellion in 
 Scotland, which is Added to the ffifory; ^.Gsnplejm0.Qf,kn»^n Affe^ion 
 to the King and Cs>vernment Recommended it ts> vu, at. being far more 
 Brief and Exaid than any Account of that Affair to be had in this Na- 
 tion. Therefore, fince / found Nothing in it->Of[enfive, I have Inserted it 
 without any Alteration.. 
 
 The other Addition, giving a fsorfDefcription <?/ Scotland, 1 hope it 
 will be acceptable to fuch as are defirousto know the Conjl:i(.utioHafthai' 
 Kingdom. To Conclude, T declare "tis really Truth, That my Colleiding 
 and Writing this Hiftory did not proceed from any Ambitious Defire of 
 being an Author, but that the chief Motive which induced me to it was 
 to Confute the Ignorant as well ay Malitious Mifreprefehtathns of the 
 Enemies of my Native Country Scotland, 
 
 For Nature gave to all Men at their Birth, 
 
 Something of feeret Love unto that Earth 
 
 wmfiorfi — — -rt- The 
 
The Frinter to the Reader. 
 
 I T were a hard Task, and rarely to be perform’d, for any PRI'K- 
 TER- .to Undertake the Printing of a BOOK without fome 
 Faults, were 'his Copy never lb fair, or his Apprehenfion fo quick; 
 therefore whatever Faults-miay be met with (befides thofe here under 
 Correfted) the judicious Reader is defir’d toExcufe aud Ainerfd them. 
 
 " Introduftion, Pag. 6. Line 2 2. for Ultimo Heirs, Ultiraus 
 Haeres. " Pag. i6. Line i6. read Baftard Brother Earl of Murray, 
 i Hiftory, Pag. ly, Line 7. read Caffibilan King the Brittons {hnt 
 bis Ambaflador 10 ths^King. oi, Scot land. Pag. 3 o. Line i. agr©at 
 Outcry was made,- and a Multitude of both' Parties. 
 
 
0 
 
 INTRODUCTION 
 
 A Vl NG confidered what is necclfary to ac- 
 quaint the Reader with the Antient Hifto- 
 ry as well as the Late Tranfai^lions of the 
 Kingdom of from the Time that 
 
 it firft became a Monarchy, until the Com- 
 mencement of the UNION in the Year 
 2707, which has Reduced it from an Hereditary Monarchy, 
 to little more than a Pendicle of my Defign is to 
 
 deliver in a few Sheets purged from all the ill-grounded Re- 
 ports of fome Authors whofe great Pains have been to trace 
 the Geneology of our Kings from Japheth the Son of Noah, 
 they having left me notMng that is Kew to fay, unlefs I 
 (hould go back from Noah to Jdam^ which, in my Humble O- 
 pinion, is better Recorded and Difperfed in Sacred Hiftory, 
 than can be Expe^ed by any Hiftorians now, unlefs Di- 
 vinely Infpired, or could produce fuch Monuments of An- 
 tiquity as might atteft their fo far fetch’d Geneologies. |The 
 bell of our Scots Hiftorians think it Sufficient for our Nation 
 to acknowledge, that our firft King Fergus was the Son of 
 Ferquhard King of Ireland, and that the Scots CoHonies, then 
 in Albion, upon his Landing fwore Allegiance to him as 
 their Lawful King, and ever fince his Lineal Succeffors (fome 
 unjuft Ufurptrs-CKcepied) have continued in Polfeffion of that 
 
 D whole 
 
I3\CT^OJ)^Cno^. 
 
 whole Kingdom* and have always maintained and defended its 
 Priviledges againft all the Alfaults of Foreign Powers : What 
 Nation in Europe, or even in the known World, can (hew 
 a Lift of fo many Hereditary Kings, as Scotland can produce 
 Monuments and Records, to vouch the indifputable Truth 
 of the Dates of their feveral Reigns ? Many Hiftorians, have 
 here and there, fpoken very Slightingly of the Antiquities of 
 Scotland, but not fo Ignorantly, as the Learned Doiftor Mat^. 
 therv Kenedy, fome time Judge Admiral of Ireland, who pub- 
 lifhed a Book in Paris, wherein he not only according to the 
 miftaken Notion of Bede, deny’s that the Scot} entered Jlbion 
 before the Return of Fergus the Second, (by which he cuts 
 off the Lives and Reigns of 40 Kings, from Fergus the firft to. 
 Fergus the Second, being 734 Years,) but alfo moft ignorantly 
 alters the Names of many of our Kings, giving them the 
 Names of their Contemporary Kings of Ireland jand in his 
 Preface makes ufe of fuch undecent Reflexions, and ill ex- 
 prefs’d Words, as feem very ftrange, to drop from the Pen of 
 fo great a Lawyer, as he was Reputed j he gives all our Scots 
 Hiftorians one CharaXer, without any DiftinXion, whether ' 
 they were reputed Partial or Impartial, fo little knev/ he of 
 Sir George Mackenzie of Rojhaugh, the greateft Lawyer, and 
 moft Impartial Hiftorian that ever our Nation produced, that 
 he gives, him the fame CharaXer with George Buchannan, In 
 fhort, he fpeaksof ail the Scots Hiftories, and the Antiquity’s 
 of Scotland as if they had been Fabulous or ill Grounded 
 Reports of conceated Partial Perfons. I take fo little Notice of 
 his Malicious, as well as Ignorant Allegations, that I do not 
 think any of them worth Repeating, and am hopeful any 
 who will be at pains to perufe the following Sheets will find 
 them aColleXion of fuch AuthentickRecords,(free from all need- 
 iefs Digreffions as well as fabulous FiXions) as are Sufficient to 
 prove our continued Monarchy, from the Year of the World 
 3691, before the coming of Chrifi 3 30 Years, in the firft Year 
 of the 1 12 Olimpiads, 421 Years after the Building of Rome, 
 about tije beginning of the 4th Monarchy, when Alexander 
 
the Great vanquilhed Darim the laft Monarch of Per/.?, ac- 
 cording to the Hiftories of HeCiar Boetms, Faphael» Holtnjhed, 
 John Johfiflon, and other Authors. 
 
 ’Tis not my Defign to meddle with the Hiftories of any 
 other Country or People, but of Scotland, and its Poffeffors 
 and Inhabitants; from the Time that Fergus Son to Ferquhard 
 King of Ireland, began our Monarchy, which indeed is as 
 much as we can produce any Monument of Antiquity for; 
 except the fatal Marble Chair, which Fergus brought from 
 Ireland, ’Tis true it was ftillin Scotland until the Keign of 
 King Edvoard the firft of England, who moft malitioufly de- 
 ftroy’d and carried away many of the Regal Monuments of 
 Antiquity out of Scotland into England, where the Marble 
 Chair is ftill, but according to the old Infcription, which is,. 
 
 FheScots fhall brook that Realm as Native Ground, 
 
 (If Weird fail not) where ever this Chair is found. 
 
 That Weird (/.e.Prophefy) has fadly fail’d us. Some of our Au- 
 thors who were only Partial in fo far as they were Enemies to 
 Monarchy, have been at great Pains to fill many Sheets with the 
 Original Derivation oftheNameofour Kingdom, which faves 
 me that Labour, only that I findby all Accounts that the whole 
 Ille(now call’d Britain) was call’d (which is the Name 
 
 it was firft known by) according to the Beft Authors, which 
 Name that part thereof call’d Scotland, has ever retained and 
 bears to this Day, as is clear to all who underftand the Irijh 
 or Antient Gaulick, Language ; the Scots SiW called Alhinich,. 
 As for the many differing Accounts about the Etymologie of 
 the Word, or Name Albion, or Album, Buchannan and others 
 have faid enough of it, which makes me forbear faying any 
 thing about it, fince I can fay nothing that’s New 5 and all 
 that I fhall offer to trouble the Reader with, is what I think 
 abfolutely Neceffary to prove that Scotland from the b'egin- 
 ning has been an Hereditary Monarchy, the Kings thereof de- 
 riving their Power from God alone, and not from the People, 
 as is falfly alledged by fome Authors, as Buchannan, Naphtaly, 
 Dolman, and others 5 'tisundeniabie, that Buchannan 
 
 wrote 
 
l5\(X%0^^CCtl03\C; 
 
 wrote his Book Ve Jure Regni apud Scotos, to perfwade the 
 People of Scotland to Raife his Patron the Earl of Murray to 
 the Crown, and the Authors of Lex Rex, Jus, populi Vindi- 
 catiim, and others, were known to have written thofe Scan- 
 dalous Libels from Picque againft the Government, becaufe 
 they juftly fuffered under it 5 as to the firft, a Treatife Lejure 
 Regni apud Scotos, Ihould have declared what the Power of 
 Monarchs was by Law 5 and particularly what was the po» 
 litive Law of Scotland as to that Point, for if thofe were 
 clear by our Pofitive Laws, there was no further Place for 
 Debates, fin ce it is abfolutely neceffary for Mankind, efpecially 
 in Matters of Government, that they atlaftacquiefcein fome- 
 thing that is fix’d and certain, and therefore it is very well 
 obferved by Lawyers and Statefmen, that before Laws be made. 
 Men ought to Reafon, but after they are made, they ought 
 to Obey, which makes many Lawyers admire how Buchann an, 
 and other Authors above-named, lliould have adventured up- 
 on a Debate in Law, none of them being Lawyers, and have 
 written Books upon that SubjeQ: without citing one Law 
 Civil, or Municipal, pro nor con, but their main Defigns were 
 not to prevail with Lawyers or Men of Judgment, but with 
 the Illiterate and Ignorant Multitude, who were the fitteft 
 to Execute their Impious Defigns, and ever are the moft 
 Dangerous Party. 
 
 'Tis fit to know that our Parliaments never gave Preroga- 
 tives, but only declare what have been their Prerogatives, 
 the Parliament doth not confer any new Right upon the King, 
 but only acknowledge what was Originally his Right and 
 Prerogative from the Beginning, and therefore the Parliament 
 being the only Judges, who could decide whether Buchannan’s 
 Principles were folid^ and what was Jure Regni apud Scotos, 
 feveral Statutes having decided the Points Controverted by 
 him, there could be no Place thereafter for Debate, and particu- 
 larly as to Buchannan’s, De Jure Regni apud Scotos, It was ex- 
 preilly condemned as flanderous, and containing feveral offenfive 
 Matters by the 134 Park ^Ja, VI, in Anno 1584 which 
 
 was 
 
1 3\C T2<p P TlOSSC’ 
 
 was the firft Parliament that ever fate aftej^ his Book was 
 printed. Sir Geo. Mac kenzh in his Jus Reghm,^age 49> faySf 
 Our Fanaticks Republicans have always mifreprefented ab- 
 falute Monarchy y as Tyranny : But ^tyrant is he who has No 
 ■Right to Govern, and fo he may be oppofed, as the Common £~ 
 nemy, ofall the Society 3 and chat it, is Ridiculous to pretend 
 yvith Hob s,Hh at we are obliged to obey whoever is once in Vof* 
 fefton ', for that were to invite Men to torment us, and to 
 juftify Crimes by Succefs, nor can it be from this Deduced, 
 that fince it is Lawful to oppofe any who are in Po{fe{Tion, 
 that it is therefore Lawful to oppofe our Monarchs : Becaufe 
 they have (as Algernon. 5 pretends) ufurpt over us,, a Rower 
 Inconfifiant with our ‘Natural Liberty, and owe their Right to 
 that Frefcription 5 which the.greateft Tyrants may maintain 
 by Force, and to that Confent which, they may procure by 
 Violence or flattery ^ for to this 'tis anfwered, Lhat our Mo^ 
 narchs of Scoihind had their Power Efidblilhed by Birth-Right, 
 hy Confent, PxQfzn]yx\on and by Law, which are all the Ways 
 whereby any Right can be Legally EJiablifloed ; But it is a 
 grofsMiftake in Buchanamnd others to conclude a Lawful 
 King punilhable as a Tyrant : Becaufe he offends the differing 
 Humours of the People, or even becaufe he may become Vitious ; 
 for tho’God maypunifh him asfuch, yet his People cannot 5 
 that were to Raife the Servant above the Mafter, and tooc- 
 cafion a Thoufand Diforders to Redrefs onej and when King 
 James the Sixth acknowledged, lhat a Good King thinks 
 himfelf made for his People, and not his People for him, that 
 he faid with Reffefence to the King's Duty to God, But not 
 with Relation to the Peoples Vuty to the King, and when 
 Trajan delivering the Sword to the Proconful, faid. Pro me 
 fi reBe impero, fi male contra me, Grotius Obferves juftly that 
 this was /poke as a P.hilofopher, and not to fubjeB himfelf to 
 the others hirifdiBion. Axid ^0 Buchanan ddd moft treache- 
 roufly advife the Printing of this on the Scots Coin in the 
 Minority of King James the Sixth, 
 
i^r^o^)^oCTio3\c- 
 
 Butaltho’out Kings of Scotland have always been abfo- 
 lute Monarchs, yet that Title did not, nor does Impower 
 them, to difpole of the Suhje£ls Eftatesj for it is fit to know, 
 tlut Government is thQ King% and Property is the Subjects 
 Birth-Right, Monarchy is a Government, and fo can include 
 no more then what is heceffary for Government, and though 
 the Turk or Mogul arrogate to themlelves, the Total Property 
 of their Subjects 5 in this they are Tyrants and not Kings, znd 
 when our Laws and Statutes fays, That our Kings have as much 
 f.ovper as they j this is only to be underfiood of what Right 
 they have by the Nature of Monarchy, Rex JTIomen efl Ju- 
 trifdiSiionis non Dominii, fay the Lawyers ^ for the Law ha- 
 ving Paid all things were the Sovereigns, but what is once 
 the Subje^s cannot be taken away without their Gonfent. 
 *Tis Certain all the Lands of Scotland did belong to the King, 
 and that the King diftributed the Lands among his Subjebis, 
 but ftill referved to himfelf a Right of Superiority; even 
 fuch a Right of Superiority have many of the Subje(5i:s of 
 referved to themfelves ; when any Parts of theirE- 
 ftates are purchafed, their Superiority over their Vaflfals is only 
 inferior to that ot the King; in this. That they cannot impofe 
 Taxes, and that the King has the Right ultimo He/Vj- ^ which no j 
 Siibje^ has ; as alfo where there can be none to inftruft a valid 
 Right to any Lands that belongs to the King, according to 
 the Senfe of Lnw, jVemo Terrarum nifi Authoritate Regis poJJi~ 
 deto, and of King Malcolm xht Third’s Law : That Rex di- 
 jiribuit totam Terr am Scotia Hominibus fuis : And it therefore 
 clearly follows, that the King has Dominium dire^um, aRigbt 
 of Superiority, as all Superiors have, and the People on whom 
 he has bellowed thofe Lands are obliged to concur in the Ex- j 
 pence with him for the Defence of it ; for as if he had retained I 
 the Property of it, he would have been able with the Fruits and I 
 Rents to have defended it: So it is not agreeable toSenfe orRea- I 
 fon, that they to whom he has granted it, Ihouldnot be obliged I 
 to defend it, Efpecially feeing all the Rights made by the I 
 King are in Law prefumed meer Donations j for it cannot be I 
 
 denyed, I 
 
l^t^0T><VCTl05^. 
 
 denyed, but that all Lands were originally granted by the 
 King, and fo rauft have Originally belonged to himfelf 5 for 
 no Perfon can give what is not his own : And as our Lawi 
 acknowledgeth, that att Lands belong to the King, except 
 where the prefent Heritor can inftruti a Right flowing from 
 our Kings by which it is Clear the King is the Fountain of 
 Property as well as of Jufticej the Sovereign having the Po- 
 minium direSium^ and the Vaflal Dominium utile it fol- 
 lows that the Vaflals of the Kingdom fliould contribute to- 
 wards its Prefervation, and the Sovereign may juftly expert 
 an equal Contribution towards the Defraying of the neceiiary 
 Expence 5 and it is Clear, that by our Antient Laws, all He- 
 ritors were obliged to furnifli fome unum Mil item ^ unumSa^ 
 gitarium^ or Equitem^Some a Bow*man, fome a Soldier, fome 
 a Horfe-man j but afterwards the King having changed thole 
 Tenures, or becaufe all betwixt Sixty and Sixteen were o- 
 bliged to come to the Field with Forty Days Provifion, which 
 was all that was then Neceffary, itfoBows,that now that Way 
 of making War being altered, the Subjects Ihould contribute 
 towards the Way that is neceffary for Defending the King- 
 dom, the King by his Forces being obliged to defend our Per- 
 fons, and by his Navies to protect our Commerce, by his Em- 
 baffadors, manageallour publick Affairs ; and by his Officers 
 and Judges toadminifter Juftice to us. 
 
 Having produced here what I think is Sufficient to fatisfy 
 any Reasonable Perfon as to Prerogative and Property of our 
 Sovereign againft the before-mentioned Authors ; I find it 
 neceflary alfo to acquaint the Reader, how our Nation became 
 a Monarchy 5 which we muft believe as delivered to us by our 
 Hiftorians, the Monuments of Antiquity being no farther 
 Proof than what is in or by them known, to prove that the 
 People of Scot land did never Elecf a KingtasBuchannan falfe- 
 ly alledges. Contrary to the beft and moft Antient and ap- 
 proved Authors : That our firft King Fergus by all the agree- 
 ing Accounts was the Lineal Heir and Succelfor of Gathelus 
 Sovereign of thofe Collonies of whom the firft Inhabitants of 
 
 Scotland' 
 
1 3\cr ‘HP 10 :i\C- 
 
 Scotland were defcended, and altho’ the beft of our Hiftorians 
 were not very fond of fabulous Antiquity, yet if Tradition, or 
 Hiftory, or Monuments of Antiquity, can be believed in any 
 Thing, they Ihould atleaft be believed againO: Buchannan and 
 all thofe who were fuch Enemies to our Antient and Excel- 
 lent Conftitution, by alledging our firfl King and others fince 
 to have been Eleded by the People ^fince by our Hiftories it 
 is clear, that Gathelus Son of Cecrops King of Athens^ led many 
 Valiant Soldiers into a ffifted Pharaoh m his Wars again ft 
 ihtEthiopiansyViho with great Cruelty had wafted the moft 
 part of Egypt unto Memphis, the Principal City of that Realm ; 
 Pharaoh with the Affiftance of Gathelus, overcame the Ethiopi- 
 ans in a moft dangerous Battle, and Gathelus valiantly wan 
 their principle City, called Maroe^ this great Victory obt a in- 
 eil by him recommended him fo much to the Favour and Fa- 
 miliarity of Pharaoh and his People, thditScota, Pharoh’s Daugh- 
 ter was given in Marriage to. him with many Lands 5 if He- 
 ft or Boetius, Andrew Melvin, Raphael Holinjhed, and others, 
 may be credited. Gathelus was m Egypt when that Pharaoh 
 received the Children of Ifrael, and that fhortly after that 
 Pharaoh died, and was fucceeded by another Pharaoh, who op- 
 preft the Children of Ifrael, and that Gathelus conferr’d with 
 Mofes nlHo, having refponfe of the Oracles of foretelling 
 the Plagues that were to come upon Egypt : He took Shippin-g 
 v\ith his Wife Scota his valiant Grecians, and many E- 
 gyptiansy from the River i^/ 7 /o, in the Year of the World 2453. 
 He firft came to the Land oi Numidia-, but bein g hinder’d to land 
 there he fet Sail, and after a long and dangerous V oyage made his 
 Paflage thorough the Straits, he landed in that Part o( Spain, 
 then called after caDed from him Pertus Gatheli, 
 
 now Port augal ; from which a Colony of that Race Tranfported 
 themfelves into Ireland, and another into Scot I an di nor il.ould 
 this be accounted a Fable, fince Cornelius Tacitus in the Life 
 of Agric6la, ma]ies th^ Scots to beof SpaniJh,andthePi£ls(who 
 were then or foon after PoffefTorsof a part of Scotland) ofCer- 
 tnan Extra.fUon. Some .will have it, that all thofe Scots were 
 
 fometime 
 
is\CXKO'^^ctios\(\ 
 
 fometime in Ireland, and fome of them were after Tranfpor- 
 ted and Settled in of which we have but little to fay; 
 
 but it is certain, thofe Scotljh Colonies in Albion finding 
 themfelvesopprefs’d by the Britains and Pi6is, they fent over 
 to Ferquhard King of Ireland, and he fent them a confiderable 
 Supply, under the Command of Fergus his Eldeft Son^ who 
 having undertaken to fecure them againft their Enemies the 
 Bntains and Pi6is, all the Heads of the Tribes or Clans gave 
 up their Government (in which they had equal Power over 
 their feveral Tribes) to Fergus, acknowledging him for their 
 King ; and Unanimoufly agreed to fwear an Oath of Allegi^ 
 ance to him, it being propofed to the Heads of the Clans, by 
 the Friends of (before fwearing the Oath) whether they 
 would be governed by a King who fiiould have Abfolute 
 Power, or by the Nobility ; or by the Multitude / Itwasan- 
 fwqnpd, thatleaft they Ihould have many Kings inftead of one, 
 they abhorr’d to bellow the Abfolute Power, either upon the 
 Nobility, or upon the Multitude ; and fwore they Ihould never 
 admit of any other Form of Government, than Monarchy, and 
 that they lliould never obey any except him and hisPofterity, 
 which if they broke, they wilhed that all the Plagues and 
 Mijeries that had formerly fallen on their Predecejfors^ might 
 again fall on them, and their Poflerity, as the Punifhment of their 
 Perjury, All which Solemn Vows and Promifes, fealed by 
 Dreadful Oaths Voluntarily given, were graven on Marble 
 Tables, and configned for Prefervation to the Cuftody of the 
 Prielis. Thefe are own Words, Fob l o. by which it 
 
 may appear they looked upon Fergus as the Perfon, who 
 had a Right by his Birth to be their King; but if it be pre^ 
 tended, that this Fergus was not the Eldeft Son of Ferquhard, 
 and was only elected or chofen King by the Confent of thofe 
 Heads or Chieftains of the Clans, having no Title nor Right by 
 Birth to-be their King, That the Eldeft Son of Ferquhard the 
 Hereditary King of all thofe Collonies of Scots, well in Al- 
 bion as then in Ireland, would not have preferr’d an uncertain 
 Conqueft in Scotland, to his fecure Succelfion in to this 
 
 F ^ it 
 
i 7 2^0 ® r)Ctio:ac_- 
 
 ids anfwered, that all our Hiftories bear, that King FerquBard 
 font his Son Fergus, and when a Son is fpoken of Indefinitely 
 in luch Cafes, he is Actually underftood to betheEldeff. 2dlj. 
 He brought with him the Marble Chair, the Mark of Empire, 
 which wou’d not have been allowed to a younger Brother. 
 ^dly, It is faid, that having fettled his Affairs in Scotland, he 
 returned into Ireland to fettle the Differences there about 
 the chufing of a New King, which does import, that he 
 fliould have been King, if he had not preferred Scotland to 
 Ireland, and the Reafon of his Preferrance, was becaufe Ire^ 
 land was divided amongff many Kings, and his Predeceffors 
 had but a fmall Share of it at that Time, and Scotland being 
 a Part of- a greater Ifle he, probably found in this greater 
 Ifle> a higher plight for his Hopes and Latitude for his 
 Ambition. 
 
 We read nothing at all of the Confent of the People, but 
 of the Heads of the Tribes or Clans, who had no Commiffion 
 from the People-, each of them having by his Birth-Right a 
 Power to Command his own Tribe or Clan, and Confequent- 
 ly the Royal Power was not derived to Fergus from the Peo- 
 ple, but had its Original from this- Birth-Right that was 
 both in them and Fergus, and he fucceeded in the Right of 
 thofe Chieftains to command the RefpeCtive Tribes-, and that as 
 all cur Laws afferr, that our Kings derives their Power from 
 God, and not from the People, fo we ought not to believe 
 the Contrary upon the Faith of Hiftoriansj unlefs they 
 were very Clear, and Unanimous in Contradiding our Laws, 
 whereas it appears, that our Laws agree with our Hi- 
 ftory, for Gathelus was not at all EleUed by the People, but 
 was himfelf the Son of a King, and did conquer by his own 
 Subjects and Servants, and all thofe who are defcended from 
 his Collonies, were by Law obliged to obey the Eldeft Son, 
 and Reprefentative of that Royal Family, and Ferquhard is 
 acknowledged to have been his only Succelfor, nor did ever 
 any of our Scotijh Tribes pretend to the Supremacy, and our 
 Hiltories bear, that none of our Tribes would yield to ano- 
 ther 
 
ther, and the fatal Marble Chair, that came from Spain, re- 
 maining with thofe who were in Ireland, does evince that the 
 Birth-Right remained with them 5 and therefore, when Fergus 
 the Son of Ferquhard came over to Scotland, he brought with 
 him the Marble Chair, which was the Mark of Empire, and 
 Boetius immediately upon his arrival, calls him King, and 
 For don the moft Ancient of our Hiftorians, hib. i. Cap. $6, 
 calls him Fergufius, Filius Ferardi, aut Ferquhardi ex anti- 
 atiorum Regum profapia genittu, qui anibitione liegnandi fUryndatus 
 magnam jibi Juvenum copiam affimulavit, Aloiontm comt^ 
 nuo progreffus eft, ^ ibidem fuper eos Regem primum fe confti- 
 tuit, that is to fay, he made himfelf (or took Place by his 
 Birth-Right) the firlf King of the Scots in Albion, and the Con- 
 fent given by the Chieftains of the Clans, and the People, did 
 no more then declare and confirm what was due to him by 
 his Birth-Right, as the Subjects confent in latter Ages, did in 
 the A6ts concerning the Prerogative, and as the Vote of the 
 Inqueft does in the Service of Heirs. The People of Scotland 
 had very great Reafon to commend their Predecefidrs, for 
 confenting to make their King an abfolute Monarch, for a 
 Monarch that is fubjedl to the Impetuous Caprices of the Mul- 
 titude when giddy 5 or to the Incorrigible Fa(aioufnefs of the 
 Nobility when Interefted, is in Effed no Government at all, 
 and though a mixt Monarchy may feem a Plaufible Thing 
 to Metaphyfiical Spirits and Scheol-men, yet to fuch who 
 underhand Government, and the World ; it cannot but ap- 
 pear Impradicable 3 for if the People underhand that it is in 
 their Power to check their Monarch, the Defire of Command 
 is fo bewitching a Thing, that probably they would be at it 
 upon all Occafions, and fo when the King commanded one 
 Thing, the Nobility would command another, and perhaps 
 the Multitude a third; and as it Implies a Contradidion, 
 that the fame Perfonsihould both Command and Obey, where 
 find we thofe Sober and Mortified Men who will Obey, 
 when they may Command i 
 
 It 
 
l3\CT^li0‘D^<JCr}03\C- 
 
 It may be proved from the Principles of Reafon, that Kings 
 derive their Power from God alone, and not from the Poeplej 
 for the Almighty’s Defign being to manifeft his Glory in 
 creating a World fo Vaftand Regular as this is, and his Good- 
 nefs in Governing it, and that Men might live Peaceably in 
 it, having both Reafon and Time to ferve him, it was confe- 
 quential, that he (hould have referved to himfelf the imme- 
 diate dependance of the Supream Power, to Ihut out the 
 extravagant and reftlefs Multitude from thofe frequent 
 Revolutions which they would make, and Defolations which 
 they would Occafion, if they thought the Supream Power de- 
 pended upon them, and that they were not bound to Obey, 
 for Confcience fake *, and wbat is expreft in Scripture, con- 
 cerning Kings is ufeful tocrub the Infolence and Rehlellnefs 
 of the People *, and it feems, that Kings are in Scripture, faid 
 to be Gods, to the End it might be clear, that they were 
 not made by Men, and that as 'God Almighty being King 
 of Kings, it was Juft, that as inferior Magiftraies derived 
 their Power from the King, fo Kings fliould derive their 
 Pow'er from God, w'ho is their King-, and this feems to be 
 clear from that Analogy, which runs in a Dependance and 
 Chain thro’ the whole Creation. Our Kings thus deriving 
 their Power from God alone, in Confequence are abfolute 
 Monarchs, w'hich has ever proved the beft Government by 
 the many Advantages accruing thereby to the Safety and 
 Security of the Subjeds. If Monarchy be a good Government, 
 then it is certain abfolute Monarchy mult be by far better 
 than limitted Monarchy ^ if Monarchy be Commended becaufe 
 it prevents Divifions, then a limited Monarchy, which allows 
 the People a Share, is not to be commended, becaufe it occa- 
 lions Divhions ; if Monarchy be commanded,, becaufe there is 
 more Expedition, Secrecy, and other excellent Qualities to be 
 found in it -, then abfolute Monarchy is to be conittiended 
 above a Limited one, becaufe a limited Monarch muft impart 
 his Secrets to the People, and muft delay the nobleft Defigns 
 until malicious and fadious Spirits/be either gained or over- 
 come, 
 
come, and the fame Analogy of Reafon will hold in Refleding 
 upon all other Advantages of Monarchy, the Examination 
 whereofmay be trufted to every Man*s own Breaft. 
 
 As to the Fundamental ConlUtution of our Government,' 
 as before mentioned, our Hiftorians tell that the People did 
 fwear Allegiance to Fergus and his Heirs, and that they 
 would never obey any other but his Royal Race, which Oath 
 does in Law and Reafon bind them to Obey the lineal Suc- 
 ceffor, according to the Proximity of Blood *, foran indefinite 
 Obligation to obey the Blood Royal, muft be interpreted 
 according to the 'Proximity in Blood, except the Swearers had 
 referved to themfelves a Power to chufe any of the Royal 
 Family whom they pleafed ; which is fo True, that in Law 
 an Obligation granted to any Man, does in the Conftrudtion 
 of Law accrue to his Heirs, tho’ they be not expreft ^ui 
 Jibi providet Heredibus providet. And Boetius tells us, that 
 after King Fergus's Death the Scots finding their new King- 
 dom infefted with Wars under the powerful Influence of 
 the PiSs, and Britainsy they refufcd to prefer the Brother of 
 FerguSy (who was of perfed: Age, and a Man of great Merit) 
 to the Son of King Fergus though an Infant, which certainly 
 in Reafon they would have done, if they had not been ty*d 
 by their aforefaid Oath to the lineal Succeffor : But lead the 
 ‘Kingdom fhould be prejudged during the Minority, they 
 enaded, that for the future, the next of the Blood Royal 
 fhould always in the Minority of our Kings, adminifler as 
 Kings till the true Heir were of per fed Age, but this does 
 not prove, as Buchannan falfely alledges, that the People had 
 Power to advance to the Throne any whom they judged 
 mofl fit 5 for common Senfe may tell us, that was not to chufe 
 a King, but a Vice-Roy or Regent, for though to give him the 
 more Authority, and fo to enable him the more to crub Fadi- 
 ons, and oppofe Enemies, he was called King, yet he was 
 but Bex fidei Commiffariasy being obliged to Reftore it to the 
 true Heir, and was chofen rather to ferve, than to Reign, and 
 fo governed only for a Time, and confequently was only his 
 Vice-Roy» G -But 
 
Burbecajife the Uncles and next Heirs, being once admitted 
 to, th\s. fidei Ccmmijjfarie Title, were unwilling to reftore the 
 Grown to their Nephews, and fometimes murder’d them, 
 and. oft-times raifed Factions againft them, therefore the Peo- 
 ple, abhorring thofe Inhuman Cruelties, and Weary of the 
 Djdradions and Divifions which they Occafion’d, begged from 
 King Kemh the Third, that the following Laws might be 
 made. 
 
 I. Tbat Immediately upon the King* J Death the next Heir of 
 :srhat/c€v.er Age^f^ould fucceed. 
 
 II. Grand Child either by Son or Daughter fhould he pre- 
 ferred, 
 
 III. And till the King arriv'd at fourteen Tears of Age, feme 
 Wife Men fhould he chofen to govern. 
 
 After, which the King fhould enter into free Adminiftra- 
 tion, and according to this Conftitution fome fit Perfon has 
 Bill been chofen Regent in the King’s Minority, without 
 Refpe(ft to the Proximity of Blood j and, our Kings have very 
 often been Crown’d in their Cradles. 
 
 In Conformity alfo to thofe Principles, all the Acknow- 
 ledgment made to our Kings, ran ftill in Favour of the King, 
 and his Heirs. As in the firft A6t of Parliament, i8 James, 6 . 
 and 2,. 3, 4. Adis of Pari. Charles 2, and by the 
 Oath of Allegiance to his Majefty, his Heirs and lawful 
 SuccefTors, which Word Lawful, is incerted to cut off the 
 Pretences of fuch as flwuld not fucceed by Law, and the In- 
 folent Arbitral inefs of fuch as being but Subjedls themfelves, 
 think they may chufe their King. 
 
 So great an Enemy was Buchamian to Hereditary Monarchy, 
 that even fo Late as the Life of Robert the 2d, he would 
 falfly alledge, that the King with Confent of the Parliament, 
 preferred, as he pretends, his Son of the Marriage by £r 
 iizaheth Muir to the Children of Euphan Rofs, Daughter to 
 the Earl of Rofs. Certainly Buchannan could never have ofe-v 
 ed fuch an Untruth, unlefs he had fome Affurance (from the. 
 Eaii , of, bis. Patron) tha.t all the Records . and. Charters. 
 
 fliouid 
 

 iliould be deftroyed, wherein Rchert the 3^, in the Lifc-tim^ 
 of his Father, Robert the 2d, is often mentioned, by the Name 
 of John the eldeft Son 5 and after his Fathers Death, is declared 
 the eldeft lawful Son and Heir, and Allegiance Iworn to him, 
 and that it is certain that Euphan Rofs was alive, when hs 
 was proclaimed J^ing, by the Name of Robert. So far was liu^ 
 channan Malicious in this and many other things, that he con- 
 tradi< 5 ls his own Hiftory, and what he fays of King Robert 
 the 2d, is without any thing offered as Proof ; for Proof 
 he had none. In a Cafe of fo great Moment, Hiftoriaiis ought 
 not to be credited, except they could have produced very in-- 
 fallible Documents, and as in General, one Hiftorian may make 
 allfucceeding Hiftorians err, fo in this Cafe, (who 
 
 was the firft) lived and- wrote two hundred Years after- tha 
 Marriage of King Robert the 2d, and wrote his Hiftory at 
 Jberdeen very Remote from the Regifters and Records, by 
 which he Ihould have Inftrudled himfelf, nor faid he any^. 
 thing of this Point but what might be imputed to Miftake |r 
 nor did he know any thing of the Importance of this Pointy 
 having touched it Tranfiently without any Defign^but by 
 Buchannan, it was defignediy Preffed to evince, that tliePai’- 
 liament of Scotland might prefer any of the Royal Line theyr 
 pleafed, and it is indeed Probable, that King Robert the 2 d 
 did for fome Time make no great Noife about his firft Mar- 
 riage with Elizabeth Muir, leaft the meannefs of the Match, 
 iliould have weakened hislntereft upon his firft coming to 
 the Crown, he being himfelf the firft of the Race of Stewarts 
 and having fo ftrong Competitors as the Earl Dowglafs, who 
 claimed Right to the Crown, in the Right of the Balliols and - 
 tht Curnmins,2iS Boetius HmitXi obferves,* Buchatman's Rage 
 prevailed with him fo far, that he ptaifed and railed at the 
 fame individual Law, and it is obfervable, that it is very Dan- 
 gerous to recede once from Fundamental Laws*, for Buchannan 
 makes not only the Succeflion Eledive, but makes no Difference ^ 
 betwixt lawful Children and Baftards, and excludes, not only 
 Minors during the Uncles Life, but Women for eter. 
 
CTio^, 
 
 5ir George Mackenzie rightly terms George Buchannan, both 
 an Ornament and a Reproach to his Country ; He was Cer- 
 tainly a very Great Scholar, and expreft his Mind in a veiy 
 lofty Style, fo very agreeable to Men of Letters, that many 
 look upon what he faid (however fo falfly alledged) to be as 
 True as Gofpdj though at the fame Time, it is avert’d, that 
 fome of the Remoter Antiquities were very much depraved 
 by him, and that even in hisfreflieft -Accounts, he is very often 
 convicted of Faljhood and Calumny. But yet Buchannan 
 found the Period of his Days approach, he with great Sin- 
 cerity and Grief repented of what he had written againft 
 Monarchy in General, and in Particular confefs’d what he 
 had written with fo much Malice and Falfliood againft the 
 Honour and Innocence of his Royal Miftrefs Queen Mary was 
 without any Ground invented by himfelf with regard to the 
 Defigns of her Baftard Brother the Earl of Murray. As it is 
 certain his Hiftory wasthe Source from whence has flow’d all 
 the Calumnies and indecentRefledions made ufe of by fucceed^ 
 ingAuthors,againft that moft Innocent and Injur’d Queen : But 
 fincehegave fuch evident Proof of his unfeigned Repentance, 
 they do that learn ’d Man Injuftice who repeat his Crimes, or 
 reprint his Errors, wit’nout mentioning his Repentance 5 and 
 I’mconfident, if hehad forefeen tire Evil Confequences of his 
 Dejure Regni apudScotos, He had certainly repented him of 
 his Dehgns. What I have faid againft Buchannan is not out of 
 Hatred to the Dead fo much as Refped to the Living, for 
 as Mr. Cowly interprets that Sentence of a Generous Heathen. 
 
 ’Tis -wicked with infulting Feet to tread. 
 
 Upon the .Monuments of the Dead. 
 
 T H E 
 
O F 
 
 SCOTLAND, &c 
 
 FERGUS Firft King of SCOTLAND, 
 
 ERG US the firft King oi Scotland 
 Crown’d in the fetal Marble Chair, which 
 he brought with him from Ireland in the 
 3641 Year from the Creation of the Worlds 
 330 Years before the coming of and 
 about the fourth Monarchy, when Alex- 
 ander the Great vanquiflied Darius the 
 iaft Monarch of Ferfiai the Chieftains 
 of the Clans or Tribes having fworn Al- 
 legiance to Fergus and his Pofterity, he conven’d all the 
 Tribes, with their Chieftains or Captains, Commanding 
 the People to be obedient to their Chieftains ; and gave 
 proper Diredfions to the Captains, to have their feveral 
 Tribes Ready with Forty Days Proviflons, to pafs with him 
 againft the FiHs and Britains, to give them Battle, if need 
 required ^ and according to the Cuftom of the People, he 
 Tacrmced to their Goix ^ and prayed the Gods might taka 
 
 H Vsngeancs 
 
^ The H I ST 0\r of 
 
 Vengeance of the Party that was the firft Occafion of Battle, 
 and to grant him fuch Felicity in his juft Defence, that he 
 might obtain Victory without great Lofs of People ; The 
 FiHs Army advanced, being followed by the Bvitains j and 
 Fergus with his Valiant Scots advanced with Antient Arms, 
 difplayed in Form of a Banner, on which was a Red Lyon 
 Rampant in a Field of Gold. Whilft the Scots and FiHj Rood 
 in Array in Sight of each other, the Army of the Britains 
 were alfo in Array, yet did not advance, but Rood Devi- 
 ling how they might deRroy both the Scots and Pi&s j and 
 determined when one had Conquered the other, to fall on 
 the Conquerors with their frclh Army, and by that Means, 
 either deRroy both, or drive them out of the Ifland, that 
 they themfelves might enjoy the whole. This Deceit being 
 difcovered to Fergus by a baniihed Briton, by which both 
 Armies were moved, no lefs by Fearof their Enemies than by 
 their own proper Damage. King Fergus ddired a 
 Conference with the King of the who willingly 
 comply ’d, and went over to him with fome of his 
 Nobles. After a long Conference and deliberate Confultation 
 v;ith the Counfeliors of both Parties, and being moved by 
 the Ruthful. Cries of the P/<Tr Wives, they being the 
 Daughters, Peace was Concluded between the iJcorj and FiSis, 
 The Three Armies returned home, the PnV/i/W being difap- 
 pointed in their hrR deceitful Proje^ attempted another Wile i 
 They privily lent in Robers among the PiSis who drove away 
 their Cattle. When the Fi£is demanded Reftitution, they 
 anfwered, that they fl-.ould feekit from the Scots who had 
 plunder’d them, rather than from them. Thus they eluded 
 the Embaffy, and fent away their Ambaffadors without their 
 Demands 5 fo that the Matter did appear to be a plain Mocke- 
 ry. Their fraudulent Councils being thus difcovered more and j 
 more, the late Reproach did Incenfethe Hearts of the Peo- 
 ple of Both Nations againft the Britains, more than the Rc- 
 
 licks 
 
SCO Ti: AND- 3 
 
 licks of their Anger for their lormer Injuries} and therefore 
 Levying as great an Army as they could, both Kings two fe- 
 v^ral Ways entered the Kingdom of the Brit aim j and having 
 deftroyed the Country with Fire and Sword, returned home 
 with a great Booty. To revenge this Lois the Britains en- 
 tered and came as far as the River Vomi (dividing 
 
 Kyle from Garrick) and having ravaged the Country there- 
 about, they pitched their Tents upon the Banks of the faid 
 River. Fergus having fent the Wives and Children of the 
 Scots, and other portable Goods, to the me ft unaccedable 
 Mountains, and fecured all the Avenues or Roads till the 
 coming of the Pi6is, with whom he at length joined Forces 5 
 and confulting with One another, they refolved to make a 
 Diverfion and lengthen the War, by making an Incurfion 
 with a Part of their Forces into the Enemies Country, and 
 fo weary them out. But Coilus (that was the Name of the 
 King o( the Britains) underftanding by his Spies the Caufe 
 of their Delay, fent 5000 Men before to lye in Ambulh in 
 the upper Grounds, and he determined to lead forth the reft 
 of his Army directly againft the Enemy, When the Scots 
 and PiBs knew this, they again Confulted, and by Way of 
 Prevention they agreed to alfault the Camp of the Britains 
 by Night, and accordingly drew out their Forces, the ^co/jin 
 the Front, and the PiBs in the Rear, attacked their Enemies 
 before Day, and by this Means they made a great Slaughter 
 of the Britains, In this Battle fell Coilus with the greateft 
 Part of his Army. The Place where it was fought was called 
 by his Name Co//, now Kyle/mtheShire o( Jire, After this Vi- 
 Q:ory King Fergus called a Convention of the Chieftains, and 
 their Tribes, making a large and plaufable Oration to thePeo 
 pie, they all condefeended, and agreed to fw ^ar again, that they 
 and their Poflerity fliould never acknowledge any one (upon 
 any Pretence whatfoever) for their lawful and rightful So- 
 vereign, but Fergus and his Lineal SuccelTors, according to 
 the Proximity of Blood} whereupon Charters and lafting 
 Evidences were granted to him and his lawful SuccelTors for 
 ever. . 
 
4 The msTO^^of 
 
 The Kingdom of being thus confirmed to King 
 
 "Fergus and his Lineal Heirs and Succeifors, with deliberate 
 Counfel andConfent of all the Cheiftains and Tribes, he 
 divided the whole Lands then inhabited by the Scots^ among 
 his Chieftains or Captains of the Tribes by Lots or Cavils : 
 The firft Lot chanced or fell to Gorunath and his Tribes, viz. 
 The Lands and Shires of Gaithnefs, Strathnaver and Suther- 
 land, komDunnisbey (commonly now called John Groats 
 Koufe) lying overagainft Orkney, to the Riverof Tain in Rofs 5 
 the Second to Lutork, the Lands lying between the 
 
 Rivers Tain and ^fefs, (now called Eaft and Weft Rofs,) the 
 Third to Captain Warroch, the Lands lying between We/j 
 and Spey, from the Eaft to the Weft Seas, (now called Mur- 
 ray,) the Fourth to Captain Thalis, the Lands of Boyn, Enzie, 
 Strathbogie, Barnff and Buchan. Thefe Lands were then 
 called lhalia by the Name of their Cheiftain or Captain. 
 The Fifth to Captain Murdogh, all the Lands of Mar, Bai- 
 dyenoch and Loquhaber. The Sixth to Novance, the Lands 
 of horn and with the Mountains and high Places 
 
 lying from the Lands of Mar to the Sea. The Seventh to 
 Captain Atholus, the Lands of Jthole. The Eighth to Greo- 
 nis and Epidithes two Cheiftains of the Tribes, the Lands 
 of Sirathern and Broadalbin, lying Weft from Vunkell. The 
 Ninth to Argaihelus, the Lands of Ardgaiel or Argyle. The 
 Tenth to Lolgonas, the Lands of Lenox and Clydfdale. The 
 Eleventh to Captain Silur-ch, the Lands of Kyle, Garrick, 
 Cuningham. The Twchth to Brig andes, the Lands of 
 Brigance, now called Galhvpay, Nethjdale and Annandale. 
 The FiSis at the fame Time inhabited all the Lands upon the 
 Eaft God.&. of Scotland, from Buchan to the River Tine, con- 
 taining (as itds now called) Aberdeen, Merns, Angus, Berth, 
 Fife, Sterling, Lothians, Haddington, Tweedale, Tivotdale and 
 the Mers, and ail along the South Borders. 
 
 King after having thus'divided the faid Lands, 
 
 inftituted many good Laws to fupprefs Vice 5 he built feve- 
 ral Caftles in Scotland, and paft the Reft of his Days in 
 
 Peace 
 
SCOTLAND. 
 
 5 
 
 Peace with the P/^?j and Britainst at iafthe returned with 
 feveral Noble Perfons to Ireland^ where he fettled feme 
 Diflferences about choofing a King, atter which as he was 
 returning Homeward, a Tempeft arrifing fuddenly, he 
 with an the Nobles (in his Company) was drown’d near 
 the Port called from him, Fergus his Rock (/. e.) Knock- 
 fergus or, Curriekfergusy in the County of Antrim in Ireland, 
 in the 25th Year of his Reign. 
 
 Fergus dying as aforefaid, left two Sons, Ferlegus and 
 Mainus, neither of them being able to undertake the Go- 
 vernment, the Cheiftains of the Clans met together, and 
 there was great Contention among them about fettling 
 the Succeflion, they being by their Oath of Allegiance to 
 Fergus, bound and obliged to acknowledge his Son, or his 
 next Heir in the Line, for their Lawful Sovereign 5 yet 
 confidering the Hazards, they might run under an Infant 
 King, they appointed, and enaHed, That for the Future, the 
 next of the Royal Blood Ihould always Adminifter during 
 the King’s Minority, but to give him the more Authori- 
 ty, to curb Factions, and oppofe Enemies, they called 
 him King, during the Time of his Adminiftration, he being 
 obliged to reftore the Government, and be Accountable 
 for his Intromillions to the lawful King, when of perfeH: 
 Age. This Law did afterwards continue 1025 Years to the 
 Reign of Keneth the Third, of whom I fliaU fpeak in his 
 Place. By Virtue of this Law the Brother of Fergus was 
 nominated to adminiftrate as King. 
 
 FRITHJRJs the Second King v>t S C O TL AND. 
 
 ‘^R ITHARIS Brother to Fergus Succeeded in theGovern- 
 -L ment in the Year of the World 5666, before the com- 
 ing of Ghriji 304, from the beginning of the Monarchy., of 
 Scotland 26 Years. He was a good Prince, and managed 
 with fuch Equity and Juftice, that'by his Carriage he pro,* 
 .cured Peace abroad, and the I.<eveQf the Subjeds at home, 
 
 I Laving 
 
^ The mSTO^Hj' of 
 
 having reigrted 15 Years, hecalledan AfTembly of the States, 
 and declared to them, that he was ready to rehgn and lay 
 down the Regal Scepter, adding alfo many Words in Com- 
 mendation ot Ferlegus the Eldeft Son of Fergus •, as forhim- 
 ielf, he faid he had rather freely refign the Kingdom (with 
 which he was but Intrufted) which his Death 
 now near at Hand would deprive him of ^ that fo his Fi- 
 delity to his Nephew might appear to be rather of Good- 
 will than NecelTity, yet fo far had his Goodnefs prevailed 
 witJi the People, or fuch was their Humour, that they 
 difliked their lawful King Ferlegus, and to Continue Fritha- 
 ris in the Government, they plotted again ft him, whereupon 
 he retired to the FiCls, and after to the Britains, where he 
 died, and Fritharis died a few Months after in the ■ 5th 
 Year of his Reign, or Adminiftratioiio . 
 
 MJ IJSIU S the Third King of SCOFLJND. 
 
 J INU S the Second Son of Fergus (Ferlegus the Eldeft 
 being Dead as aforefaid) took the Government upon 
 him in Year of the World 3<58 q, before the Coming of Chrift 
 291 Years. He was a Prince more like his Father than 
 
 his Brother or Uncle, He Confirmed and Settled Peace 
 Abroad, and Punilhed the Wicked and Profligate at Hemes / 
 and Conftantly performed Religious Exercifesj where- 
 by he procured to himfelf, fuch an Opinion of Juftice and Pie- 
 ty, that Foreigners, as well as his own Subjects, thought it 
 villainous to hurt fuch a good King. He Renewed the League 
 with King of the and continued Peace with the 
 
 Byitains. 'Tis faid he w^as better Guarded by his Sandity 
 than by his Military Forces. He Died in the 29th Year of 
 his Reign, being much Lamented by all Good Men, 
 
 ,P 0 R LLA the Fourth King oiSCOlLA ND, 
 
 Q K N D IL L A Succeeded his Father Maims in the 
 ' Year of the World 3709, before the coming of Chrift 
 
2^2 Years, after the Begining of the Reign_ 70 Years. Hs 
 was a good King, in Point of Equity like his Father^ 
 but very unlike him in the other Parts of his Life 5 for he 
 fpent much of his Time in Hunting, as judging that Exer- 
 cife to be proper enough in Time of Peace, and Healthful} 
 as alfo to harden the Body for War^ and belides the Mind 
 did Suck in the pureft Pleafures there from, and was greatly 
 Strengthned thereby againftCovetoufnefs, Luxury, and other 
 Vices. *Tis Reported, that the Venatory Laws Obferved in 
 Scotland by the High] under Sj and in other parts of that King- 
 dom till of Late Years, were made by him. He Died peacea^ 
 bly in the 26th Year of his Reign, 
 
 NO rH At US the Fifth King of SC OIL AND. 
 
 N OIHJTUS Dornadillas's Brother Succeeded in the Go» 
 vernment, (Rutherus the Son of DornadiUa being a 
 Child not able to Govern} by Virtue of the aforefaid Statue) 
 in the Year of theWorld 3738) before the coming of Chrift 233 
 Years, after the Beginning of the Reign 98 Years. He changed 
 the Government (which tiUthen had been Moderate and peace- 
 able)into Cruelty and Tyranny } he puniflied High and Low 
 promifeuoufly with Forfeiture of Goods, Banilhment,Death,and -> 
 all Sorts of Miferies} So that nothing could exceed his Cruel- 
 ty. But one Dowalus of Galiaway, who Knowing that his 
 own Life was Infiduoufly Aimed at by the King, advanced 
 himfelf againftiV7(9#^/2f«r with a Number of his Friends, Char- 
 ged him with the Slaughter of the Nobility, and the Seizure 
 of their Goods and Eftatesi and demanded of him to Reftore 
 the Kingdom to the Lawful Heir. Nothatus finding himfeif 
 affronted contrary to his Expe^ation, Retained his wonted 
 Fiercenefs, and upbraided Dowalus and the Nobility, threat- 
 ningthem with Punifhment, and deny’d to refign the Govern- 
 ment: Thofe Threatnings encreafed the Animofity between 
 them;Mnfomuch that at laft it came to Blows, and Nothatus ■ 
 was Slain by Dovoalus and his Party } having Reigned Cruel- 
 ly and Ayaritioufly Twenty Y ears, Kutherusiy- 
 
8 
 
 The HlSTO^Tof 
 
 RUtHERUS the Sixth King o{ SCOILJND. 
 
 ^^UTHERUS the Son of Dornadilla (according to his 
 Hereditary Right) fucceeded alter tlie Death of Nothatus, 
 in the Year of the World 3758, .before the coming of Chrift 
 215 Years, after the Reign 1 18 Years. The King being young, 
 and the Nobility ;thought they Nothdt us worthy of 
 
 the word ol Pimiihments, yet did not approve of what Dowa- 
 lus had done in Killing the King, about uhich a great Con- 
 tention arofe between ferquhard Chieftain of Kintire and 
 Lorn (Son-in-Law orCoufin and Doui’al us, who 
 
 at laft denounced War againft one another, theKing being Young 
 was very much Governed by Doxvalus and his Party, Ferqu- 
 hard, with the Friends oi N^thatus, having Declared War a- 
 gainft Dowaius and the King’s Friends, Doivalus invited to his 
 Afliftance Getus King of the Pi 6 is, who readily joynkl with 
 him, Ferquhard being joyn’d with many Irijhmen, with the 
 Inhabitants of Lorn,Argyle, Caithnejs and Murray, 
 
 Both Armies met and fought twice in one Day, Dovpalus's 
 Party being put to flight, many more were flain in the Pur- 
 fuit than in the Battle 5 befides D-oivalus himfelf and many of 
 the Chieftains in his Army, there fell aifo Geius the King of 
 the Pf£is, v/ith many -of nis Men 5 Rutherus the King was ta- 
 ken Prifoner, to whom they fliewed all due Refpe^^i, Declaring 
 it was not againft him ( whom they acknowledged as their law- 
 ful King) that they had Rebelled, but only deflgned to be Re- 
 venged oi Doripal us and his Friends, for the Slaughter of No- 
 t hat us. But the King was advifed to Retire to Ireland, where 
 he went. This Conflid: between the Scets and Pi£is brought 
 Matters to that low Ebb, that there: was fcarce left a fuffici- 
 ent Number of People to. Inhabit the Country 3 the Britdins 
 who having now gotten that , Opportunity which they had 
 long thirfted after, penetrated into the Country as far as Bo- 
 dotria, (now call’d. Tor^/?) , ExeECfflng great Cruelty againft 
 mdti^s in all Parts where .they came, ‘p^?hting 
 
 Cafrifon^ 
 
SCOTLAND- 
 
 Giirrifons in many Places, efpecially the Low Countries of 
 the Pi£is, The Scots and Pi£is being miferably affli^ed twelve 
 • Years, at length a new Breed of Lufty Warlike youn^ Men 
 grew up, ( who were Enur’d to great Hardihips by the Op- 
 preflioii of the Britains) applyed to their King who 
 
 then Refided in Ireland (till the Strife between the two afore- 
 mentioned contending Parties were Pacifyed) and fent Mef- 
 fengers to all their Neighbours; and the Piets Exhorting one 
 •another, to try their Fortunes; whereupon Rntherus fail’d 
 from Ireland into thee/£^;/<!ieor Weftern Ifles, and irom thence 
 to and landed at the Bay call’d Loch-Brien ov %och^ 
 broom in the Shire oiWeJi-Rofs, and was joyn’d by Getus King 
 of the Pi&s, the Son of Getus who was flain in the aforefaid 
 Battle, who was alfo Brother-in-Law to King Rut her us, he 
 i being married to the Sifter Getus, They con ful ted how 
 I they might manage the War againft the Britains, and agreed 
 !: to attack the Britains with all poflibie Expedition while they 
 i were un prepar’d. As foon as they met a very Iharp Battle 
 w'as fought, Vidory was obtain’d againft the by the 
 
 Manhood and Valour of King 2?7xMerz/x, the Britains quit- 
 ted all the Garrifons, Towns and Lands appertaining to the 
 Sco^x and Piets, with faithful Promife never to Invade them 
 for the Time coming. The King fpent the reft of his Daj s in 
 Peace and Quietnefs, and Departed this Life in the Twenty 
 fixth Year ofhis Reign, leaving behind him one Son named 
 Ihereus, Begot upon the Daughter of Getus King of the Piets, 
 
 REUtHl the Seventh King of -SC OIL JA 7 P. 
 
 EUTHJ fucceeded his Brother JR^^^ierz/x (becaufe 2 he~ 
 reus, Rutherus's Son was but Ven Years old) in the Year 
 I of the World ^784, before the coming of Chr'-ft rSy Years, 
 
 I after the Reign 144 Years. He was a good King, and endea- 
 voured to Reduce the People (who were grown infolent up- 
 on their late Viffory into a milder Behaviour and De- 
 portment ) and accordingly he Eiiaded many Publrck. 
 
 K and: 
 
1 o 
 
 The HISTORY of 
 
 and profitable Laws, of which feme remain to this Day among 
 
 the Antient Families. He cauled Sepulchres or Tombs to be 
 
 made for valiant Men. He brought many Artificers into the j 
 
 Country. In his Time came certain Phiiofophers from King ‘ 
 
 Ftelomeus oi Egypt, who were pleafantly received and well i 
 
 entertained on Account of the Relation between the Egypt i- j 
 
 fins and his Antient Progenitors. He lived peaceably Sixteen 
 
 Years, and Refigned the Crown to his Nephew Ihereus, the- 
 
 lawful Heir. 
 
 # 
 
 H E R E U S the Son of Rutherus, took the Go- 
 
 vernment upon him in the Year of the World 
 3799, before the coming of Chrift- 171 Years, after 
 the Reign 158. He appeared at firft to be virtuoufly enclin’d, 
 but after ran headlong into all Manner of Vice, not by De- 
 grees but ail at oncej infomuch, that putting many Nobles 
 to' Death, and encouraging many lewd Fellows who opprefs’d 
 the Subjeds with great Cruelty 5 the Chief of the Clans con- 
 lidering the deplorable State of the Subjeds, determined to 
 punilh thofe wicked Perfons. Ihereus leaving their Defigns, 
 fied to the By itains. He ended his Days in a fiiort Time after 
 in the City of the Twelfth Year of his Reign. In the 
 mean Time Conanus Chieftain of the Brigandes, a prudent 
 and regular Man, was Eleded Vice-Roy : He retrained Ro- 
 beries, and refiored what Thereus had impaired and weakned. 
 Having compofed Matters as well as he could, as foon as he 
 received News ol the Death of Bhereus^ he Refign’d his Ma- 
 giflracy. 
 
 JO SIN A the Ninth Ring of SCOTLAND. 
 
 10 s INA fucceeded his Brother in the Year of the 
 
 J World 3810, before the coming of Chrift 161 Years, af- 
 ter the Reign 170 Years, He was a good King, he Ratified 
 
 t HERE US the Eighth King of SCOtL AND. 
 
 Peace 
 
SCOTLANP. 11 
 
 Peace with his Confederates the fiSiSi he encouraged Phifi- 
 cians and Herbfters, that in his Time there was fcarce a No- 
 bleman or Gentleman in Scotland but had Skill in Curing of 
 Wounds or Bruiles j for there was but little Ufe for Phyfick 
 any other way at that Time, or long after. In his Time two 
 venerable Philofophers being Priefts of Spain, paffing from 
 Portugal to Athens, were by a 1 empeft Shipwreck'd, at or 
 near Lochbroom in Rofs ( the Ship and Mariners perilhing, they 
 only fav’d) they were brought into the King’s Prefence, plea- 
 fant of Vifage, but almoft naked 5 after Reheihing and good 
 Entertainment, the King delired of them, what they under- 
 ftood by their Science of the Nature of the Ground of Scotland, 
 After good and deliberate Goniideration, they anfwer’d (fo 
 far as they could conjeSlure) there was more Riches and Pro- 
 fits to be gotten within the Veins of the Earth, in many Part? 
 of Scotland, than above, meaning that in fuch Parts as were 
 unfit for Corn, were many rich Minesj alfo they inftru(5led 
 the People oi Scotland to Worfliip the only God the Creator, 
 forbidding them to Sacrifice (as their Cuftom then was) to 
 Ifis and Apis the Egyptian Gods, but only tofacrifice and pray 
 in their Temples to the Great God Creator of Heaven and 
 Earth; which the People for the moft Part obferved, till the 
 Ghriftian Faith was received. King Jojina Died in a good old 
 Age, having Reigned Twenty four Years. 
 
 FI J^NA N^U S the Tenth Sing o( S COrLAN^D, - 
 
 F I NN ANUS fuccecded his Father Jofi na in the Y ear oi 
 the World 3854, before the coming of Chrift 137 Years, 
 after the Reign 194 Years. He followed his Father's Exam- 
 ple; he endeavoured nothing more than to accuftom his Sub- 
 je^stoa juft and moderate Government, labouring to main- 
 tain his Kingly Government more by good Will than by Ar- 
 mies. He appointed learned Men to refide in tiie ifle of Man , 
 where all the Noblemens Children of Scotland were to be In- 
 ftru^ed, haying Marry’d his Son Dufftus to Jgafi a Dmghte^: 
 
 to 
 
12. The HrSTOm of 
 
 to the King of Britams, and won great Favour among them. 
 Ke vihted the King of the Vi^s wno was fick of a vehement 
 Fever at Camelon, He was beloved both by his Subjects and 
 by Foreigners, he Deceafed, having Reigned in Peace and 
 Plenty i hirty Years. 
 
 DURSJUS the Eleventh King of SCOTLAND, 
 
 D URsTUS fucceeded his Father Rinnanus in the Year 
 ot the World 5864, before the coming of Chrift 107 
 Years, from the Beginning of the Reign 224 Years. He firlt 
 Banifhed all his Father’s Friends from his Pre fence, by the Ad- 
 vice of lome young corrupted Perfons who had gotten into 
 his Favour. He gave himfelf up wholly to Wine and Wo- 
 men 5 he drove away his Wife the Daughter of the King of 
 the Britainn But fearing the Confpiracy of his Subjects, he 
 feigned Repentance 5 he recalled his Wife, and aifembled all 
 the Nobility, and prepared a Supper for them, and when they 
 were all unarmed at the Entertainment, he caufed his Ruf- 
 fians to deflroy them; which made all theeir Friends gather 
 together, and Durjius rather than yield to his Subjefis, or fly 
 to Foreigners, being equally hateful to both, refolved to try 
 his Fortune in a Battle, where he was Slain the Ninth Year 
 of his Reign : Yet out of Refped to him as their King, and 
 the Kjcmory of his Anceflors, they Buried him among his 
 Royal PredeceflbrSo 
 
 EVRNUS the Twelfth King of SCOlLJ ND. 
 
 VENUS fucceeded his Brother Durflus'in the Year of the 
 WorKl 3815, before the coming of Chrift 98 Ye.^rs, alter 
 the Reign 235 Years; a wife, juft and vinuous Prince. He 
 was the firft who made the Subjects Swear an Oath of Fideli- 
 ty to the King; which Cuftom was ever after obferved by 
 the Chieftains of the Clans. He affifted the King ot the Pi^s 
 againft the Britains, betwixt whom there was Fought a bloo- 
 dy Battle till Night parted them ; the Victory being fo un- 
 certain 
 
SCOTLAND. 
 
 certain that both Armies departed with equal Slaughter, and 
 as equal Fear 5 but the Brit aim i:etinng left their Camp ftan- 
 ding, with their Carriage, which being known to the Scots 
 and they returned and divided the Spoil, according to 
 
 the Cuftom of War. Evenus rewarded the Friends of thofe 
 who were (lain in Battle with publick Offices and Goods. Ha- 
 ving Repelled his Enemies, he apply’d himfelf to the Arts of 
 Peace 5 and that it might not be troublefome to the Kings to 
 Travel over the Kingdom fo often, for the Adminiftration of 
 Juftice, ( which was then their Cuftom) he divided the King- 
 dom into Circuits, and fettled ordinary Judges to Execute Ju- 
 ftice. He alfo appointed Informers to bring in Accufations 
 gainft the Guiltys which Office being found inconvenient, 
 was either abrogated by a Law, or elfe grew obfolete by Cu- 
 ftom, He Died in the Nineteenth Year of his Reign, and 
 was BmleAinDunliajfage, leaving no Children but a Ba- 
 ftard Son, named a crafty Man. 
 
 GILLUS the Xin. King of COIL 
 
 G ill U S, Baftard Son to Evenus, Ufurped the Crown in 
 the Year of the World 3892, before the coming ofChrift 
 79 Years, after the Reign 252 Years. There remained alive 
 of the Royal Blood, as Heirs to the Crown, Lifmorus, Gorma<^ 
 chus, and Ederusy the Children of Donachus Son of Durflus, 
 who were Educated in the Ifle of Man. Thither went Gil* 
 liisy on Pretence to bring them home^ to the two Elder he 
 behaved himfelf with great Reverence and Refpecft, and car« 
 ried them with him to Scotland cunningly , pretending, that 
 they being of the Royal Stock, fhould be Educated at his 
 Court according to their Princely Quality. As for Ederus the 
 youngeft, he left Soldiers on Pretence of Guards, to attend 
 his Perfon, to whom he gave Command, on a certain Day ap- 
 pointed, to Kill him. But his Nurfe fufpedling the Trea» 
 chery, conveyed him fecretly by Night to the Country of Jr- 
 ,gyle, and fo difappointed Gillus. She bred him up feveral 
 
 L Years 
 
14 the BIST 0^7 of 
 
 Years privately in a Cave under Ground % whereupon GHlus. 
 put the two elder Brothers to Death, as alfo the Guard left 
 to Kill Ederus: The Subje^s being grieved at this inhuman 
 Cruelty, raifed an Army againft him, and appointed CadvaU 
 lus Chief of the Brigantes, their Vice-Hoy, and coming un- 
 awares upon Gillusi who had none to fide with him but feme 
 Debauched Perfons; he left his Army, and in aFHher-Boat 
 was watted over into Ireland ^ vetuming again from Ireland 
 he arrived in the Ifie of I/laj with fome Irijh Men ; he there 
 ventured a Battle againft Cadvallus who Commanded the Ar- 
 my of JSvewMjj being Routed he hid himfelf in a folitary Cave, 
 where he was found Slain, and his Head Gut off from his Bo- 
 dy. He was Buried in Dunjiafi'age, after Reigning Two Years. 
 
 EVEHUS lid. the XIV. KingolSGOtLAND. 
 
 E VENU S the Son o( Dont/alus, Brother to King Finnanus, 
 Succeeded in the Year of the World 3894, before the co- 
 ming of Chrift 77 Years, after the Beginning of the Reign of 
 Scotland 2$^ Ye^in^ a virtuous good Prince. He rewarded 
 Cadvallus for the Lofshe had fuftained. in a Storm return- 
 ing from Ilia, after he had Vanquilhed and Slain the llfurper 
 he married Siora Daughter to Gethus King of the Vi^s, and 
 confirmed ihe old Bond| after his Marriage the Arcedians or 
 Orkney Invaded but theKingfailing fuddainly 
 on them. Drove them to the Sea, being in a Hurrey whijft 
 they Crowded one another Endeavouring to Ship themfelves, 
 they wereSlain to aMan, their King defpairing to find 
 
 Qpaiters, flew himfelf. Evenus having finifhed the War, Re- 
 turned to the Work of Peaccj and Conftituted two'market 
 Towns for Trade in convenient Places (/. e.) Ennerlochy and 
 Envernefs, (each of them Receiving their Names from Rivers 
 Gliding by them) among the Ancient .Sco//, fignifyes 
 a Place where Ships do ufually Refort. HeRefigned theCrown 
 to Ederin beforementioned, and Died the Seventeenth Year 
 of his Reign, and was Buried in Dunfiaffage, 
 
 Ederus 
 
SGOTLAND^ 
 
 EDERUs the 15th King of SCOtLAKD. 
 
 £ D ERUS theSono^ Dcmachus the SoRoi Dur ft us, Succeed' 
 ed in the Year of the World 591 1, before the Coming of 
 Chrift 60 Years, after the Reign 271 Years*, a vahant Vvil'e 
 and Good King. Beredus ofthelfles Goufin to Gilius before- 
 mentioned j Railed an infurrection, but was with his Affiftams 
 overthrown, taken and Killed by the King, CaJJibilun King of 
 Scotland, defiring fupply againftyt///^/ O/ar theKoman £mper- 
 or,the King andNoblesReceived theAmbalTadors couneoufly and 
 fent 1 0000 Chofen Men under the Conduct and Command 
 of Cadalla, Chieftain, of the Bri games, and I^ozr^/Chifctain of 
 Lorn, alfoat theRequeft of King the King of the P/Sj 
 
 fent an Army with the Scots to affift the Brstatns agamflthe Ro- 
 mans. There enfued a Dangerous and Doubtful Battle, but at 
 laft the Remans were overthrown, Julius Cefar v,’i\s Refolved 
 to Renew the Battle, but Hearing of great Deflrudion of his 
 Ships, he Changed his Mind, and fet Sail in the Night, and 
 returned to ; by hisfudden Departure, they left great^ 
 Booty to the , and Picis, who divided it among 
 
 them in his Camp, according to the GuRom of War. Cadalla 
 and Doiral being Richly Rewarded by the King of the By hams, 
 Returned to Scotland, the King pafiing to Envernefs was cer- 
 tainly Informed by Merchants, That JuEus Cefar had Sub- 
 dued France to his Empire, and was Preparing an Army to Re- 
 turn to Britain to Revenge the Injuries done him, the Year be- 
 fore. Ederus fent his AmbafTador to Cajpbilan offering him the 
 Afliftance of the like Number which he had fent before , But 
 theBritains moved with vain Arogancy, refufed tohave any 
 Supply of the Scots ot Pidts, Jultu^ Returning to Britain, 
 was twice Repulfed, but at laft CaJJtbilan with all his valiant 
 Captains was overthrown, taken, and Killed 5 and his Lands 
 made to Pay Three thoufand Pounds of Silver as a Tribute t« 
 the Romans', Julius Cefar fent his AmbafTador to theS’et)/j and 
 offering them Conditions of Peace, they anfwered, They 
 
 were 
 
,6 . The HISTORY of 
 
 were Refolved to Live free not to beSubje(atoanyPower, and 
 were willing to defend their Lives and Libertysj and Refufed 
 all Conditions of Peace. Julius Cefar being Determined to In- 
 vade the Scots and £i£h, was advertifed of an Uproar in France, 
 upon which he Returned into France. Market another Coufm 
 of Gillus raifed an Infurredion againft the King, but he fent 
 Cadalla with a Number of Armed Men, who overthrew took 
 and hanged Market, and his Accomplices. The King having 
 fettled, afirm Peace, he Died the Forty Eighth Year of his Reign, 
 and was Burned in Duufiajfa^e. 
 
 FVFUU S the llld. The i^th King of SCOTL JjVD. 
 
 E F E]SlU ^ The third Succeeded his Father Eder as in the 
 Year of the World 3 9 59, before the Coming of . Chrift 12 
 Years, after the Reign 519 Years ^ a Son unworthy foGood 
 a Father, for not being Contented with One hundred Conca- 
 bines, of the Nobleft Families *, He publiflied his Shameful Luft 
 to the World, by Enabling Laws, that the King (hould have 
 the firft Night after Marriage of all Noblemens Daughters, and 
 they the fame of the Daughters of their Vaffals and Tenants; 
 which Law continued in Force, till abolifhed at the Requeft of 
 Queen Margaret . Called St. Margaret) Wife to King .Mo/cc/?}? 
 the Sd. The nobles Confpiredagainh him, he Raifed an Army 
 to Defend himfelf •, he was in a Battle overthrown, taken and 
 throve into Prifon, and Condemned to Perpetual Imprifon- 
 ment. But was Strangled by fome privat. Enemies in the Nighte 
 The PerfonSufpedted was Executed the next^Day. He Reign- 
 ed Seven Years-, he was Buried. in 
 
 TI FT ELF 5 the 1 7th King of SCO TL J Jsl D. 
 
 M e T ell anus Ederush^s Sifter’s Son, fncceeded in the 
 Year of the World 59(5<5, before the -Coming of Chrid 
 Five Years, after the Reign of Scotland A 26 Years ; avery mo- 
 deft, and good King, no Lefs dear to all for his .Excellent 
 
 Vir^ 
 
SCOTLAND. 
 
 -VirlUes, than Evems was Hateful to them for his Flagitious 
 Vices, he was mightily Efteemed for this, that by hisMeans Peace 
 waspreferved with many Neighbouring Princes. At the time 
 of our Saviour’s Birth, (which was in the Fifth Year of his 
 Reign) all the World wasatPeace, the Roman Emperor Jugu~ 
 ftus fent his Ambaifador into Brttainj Requefting the Kings 6f 
 Britain. Sind Scotland to Continue in Peace with him, which 
 they agreed to. In this King’s Time were in Rome, Virgil, Hor- 
 race, Ovid, Julius, fAarcus, Varo, Strabo, Vitus Livius, and many 
 otherLearnedMen.By his prudence he had repaired much of the 
 Corruptions of but it was fome Allay to his Happinefs, 
 
 That he Could not abrogate the filthy Laws before mentioned, 
 being hindred by the Nobility j who were too much addit^ied to 
 Luxury. He Died in the 50th Year of his Reign, and was Buried 
 -Sit Dunji a ff age. 
 
 C AR A VJ CUS the 1 8th King of 5 CO rhAUD. 
 
 C AR AT AC US the Son of Cadallamts, by the Siher oi Me- 
 tellanus, fucceeded in the Year of the World 4005, af- 
 ter the Coming of our Ssniioux Jefus C hr iji 25 Years, after the 
 Beginning of the Redgnoi Scotland ^yd.Years-, a wife, valiant 
 Prince. He Enjoy'd the great Treafure left by King 
 -who Exceeded all the former Kings in Riches; He pacified all 
 thelnfurredtions ihrougliout theKingdom,andthe«^i^ttd5>lilands, 
 the King of the having Raifed an Army to withfland 
 
 the Romans, fent his AmbafFador to Garatacus, who promifed 
 him 5 'upply, and wifely Counfehd him to Sollicitethe People, of 
 Sormand), Rickardy, and Britain, to Rebd againfl the Ro- 
 mans, and to promife them AfTiftance of Money and valiant Wa- 
 fiors. The King of the Scots and Pibis joyned with the Brit- 
 tains ^tTork, Carat acus being Chofen General, the Romans Com- 
 manded by their Governor, came againil them; there 
 
 followed a Bloody Battle with uncertain Victory, until Night 
 Separated them ; Planicus feeing his Lofs fo great the next Day, 
 -Efpecially his Horfemen, retired towsivdsLondon,Caratacus, flay’d 
 
 M at 
 
i8 T3e Hisro^r of 
 
 at Tork* Next Year Avviragus King of the Britains, Raifed 
 an Army ofdyooo ChofenMen, andtheKingsofiar/.^w^iand 
 the Fi£iSj joyned him with dOOOO valiant Men, againft whom 
 Claudius Cefar {ent Vefpafian with an Army of . and 
 
 fought a Terrible and cruel Battle, wherein I'^efpafian obtain’d 
 the Victory, not withftanding the valiant Behaviour of the Bri- 
 tains, Sc^?^J■,and BiSls. In that Battle fell the King and the whole 
 Army of except 6000 , the King of the F/'£fx with 
 
 many and 5 'cc#/, Caratacus returned io Scotland With his 
 Army, and Vejpafian wintered at York, and in the Spring Enter- 
 ed Albion, and Befieged and took Camilion the Chiet City of the 
 Fi£is 5 Vefpafian fent his Ambalfadors to promifing(if 
 
 he would be Obedient to the Empire of Romcy he fhould Remain 
 in Honour, and be Reputed a Friend to the Senate and People 
 of Rome, Caratacus anfwered, the Kingdom of Scotland was as 
 free to him as the Kingdom of the Ro7nans was to Cefar. Vefpa^ 
 fion returned to Rome, Oflorica Seapula was fent by Claudius 
 Cefar in his Stead, Caratacus, Affembled an Army of 40000 ,' 
 and Encountred the Romans, who had fubdued the Britains, 
 and entered Scotland 5 a Dangerous Battle was Fought with un- 
 certain Vidory , the Romans Retired, and Caratacus being Woun- 
 ded return'd to Dun faff age. HelivedPeaceably after, and Died 
 the Tw'entieth Year of his Reign, and was Burried in Dunfiaf- 
 fage. 
 
 CORBREDUS the Nineteenth King of 5 ’C 02 LJAfD. 
 
 C OR BRED US Brother to Caratacus, Succeeded him in 
 the Year of the World 4025, in the Year of Chrift 55, 
 after the Reign 585 Years*, agood King and a Lover of Juftice. 
 he made a Progrefs over all the Kingdom, fupprefs’d all thofe 
 Infolent Perfons whodifturbed the Kingdom, and Repaired all 
 tile Places Dehroyed by the Romans, in his Time a People call’d 
 Munw)s, with their Captain Named Rodonck, being Driven 
 out of tlieir Native Country in Germany by the Romans, at- 
 reint ted to Land in France and Britain) but being hindred, 
 
SCO T L AN D. 
 
 they Landed in the River Fenh, and were Generdufly received 
 by the King of the Scots, Woda of Bri tains. Sifter to 
 
 CoykeauSyiQnt to him tor Aififtance againtt the Romans. He went 
 with an Army of vadant Scots^ being Joyned with the BiSis 
 and the Mufrays^ agai.*ft Cattus the Roman Governor. There 
 followed a Ibarp Battle, wherein the Roman Horfemen were rou- 
 ted, theReft fled, with Cattus who was fore wounded, &Returned 
 toFrance. InthisBattlewereKilled 70 ,OOOSe???^:«/, and $O,O0Q 
 Scots and Pi 6is^ but Suetonius came fpeediiy with Two Legi* 
 onS oiRomans, and flew mahy of the Scots, PiSis and Murrays, 
 when Woda the heard of the Vidory obtained by tiie 
 
 Romans, (he Killed her Self j her Two Danghterswete brought 
 Captives to Suetonius, theEldeft was Married to a Noble Ro- 
 man 5 Named Marim ‘who was by the Command otCefar, made 
 King of the Britains'-, Corbredus returned to Scotland, and gave 
 to the Murrays {who had behaved themfelves with great Cour- 
 rage, and Fidelity) the Lands lying Between the Rivers Spey, and - 
 Invernefs, from them Called Murray-land, now the fliireof Mur- 
 ray, Fho Murrays Married Scot/-2i7ome», andRemained under one 
 Blood and Friendlhip; continued tlie reft of his Days 
 
 in Peace, and Died the EighteenthYear of his Reign? and was ^ 
 Buried in Dunfiaffage, 
 
 DJRDAKUS the 20 th King of SCOtL 
 
 D ARD A KUS Sifter-Son to Meteilanm, fuceeded in the Go- 
 vernment (the Sons Corbredus beingYoung)in the Year 
 of the World 4042, in the Year of Chrift 72, after the Reign 
 402 Years. He appeared in the Beginning to be a good Ring, 
 but in the Third Year of his Reign he Ran headlong into all 
 Sorts of Wickednefs, and would haveCaufed the Sons of Corbre^ 
 Hus (who were in the Ifle of Man) tobe Treachercufly Murder- 
 edj ButthePeopleoutofRefpedtotheir lawful King, Armed 
 themfelves with him againft the Tyrant Da danm, overthrew 
 bis Party in Battk, and took biro, and Caufed his Head to be Cut 
 
 off. 
 
10 
 
 The HlSTOnTof 
 
 ond his Body was privately- Buried, after he had Reigned 
 Potii Yeats. 
 
 CORBREDUS Ild. the 21ft Kingof SCO fLJiVTD. 
 
 C OR BRED US lid. Sirnamed Galdus, Son to Corhredu6 the 
 Fird, fueceeded in the Year -of the' World 4046, after 
 .the coming of Ghrift y^? Years, after the Beginning of the Reign 
 of Scotland ^06 Years*, a Valiant and Couragious King. In his 
 Reign Julius Agricda, fueceeded the Roman General, ^nd Julivus 
 Erontiumm the Government of theGonqueftin Britain. ln the 
 'Third Year of his Government he EnteredScoz/^w^/, and^c-ame 
 as far as the River tay without Refinance, having planted Gar- 
 rifons he put a Fleet to Sea to Survey the Ifle, attempting to Land 
 in feveraiPlaces, were Repulfed, excepting the Ijlands of Orkenyes, 
 which he fubdued. Upon the Return of the Navy, the King of 
 tile Sect/ and Pi&s cameagainft thef?cm^«i',thereEnfued aBloody 
 and Defperate Battle, the Sect/ and having-DivIded their 
 Army into Three Brigades^j Agricola alfo Divided his Army in- 
 to Three Squadrons, the King of Sect/ having attacked Two of 
 the R wjw Squadrons, and fought all the Night, andhadalmoft 
 Gut them olf j But as foot as it was Day-'Light the Third Squa- 
 dron coming upon them frdh, Turned their Vidory to great 
 Lofs of Men. Both Armies retired with aDelign to Prepare a- 
 gainh the next fpring,it being Winter then, Agricda beingCalled 
 home by DomitianthoEmperor was Poyfened by his Command, 
 and Gc^venus labellim fent in his Read to the Government or 
 Britain^ xhtRc^ans being Rill Encamped in Scotland Sedition 
 arofe among them. King Corbredus taking that Opportunity, 
 being FirftEncouraged by Light S/fe/rwdbtf/, ventured to Fight 
 them in a Pitched Field Battle, wdiere they totally Routed the 
 Roman Army, and purfued and flew rr,any of them. Having 
 Expelled them Entirely out of Scotland, and Retaken all the 
 Garrifon Forts, and Goods taken from the Sccz/and Pi&s during 
 the Wars, they fent their Ambaffadors, to Corhredm, Defiring 
 Peace upon any Termsi which he granted,, uponmakingReftitu- 
 
 tios 
 
tion to his Subjeds for the Lbffes, they had Suftained during 
 the Wars*, whicli they did. He pa fifed over the Country fet- 
 tling all the old Inhabitants in their Houfes and PoiTeliions, 
 Compsiing all Differences betwixt his ^ubjeds and the 
 ’andl'pentthe reft of his Days in Peace and Quietnefs: At length 
 with Glory and Ende irment of his Friends and Foes, heDecea- 
 'fedjn the Twenty fifth Year of his Reign, and was Buried at 
 Dunjiaff^^e, 
 
 Lucr AC U S the 22d King o{ SCQlhASD. 
 
 L /JCTjICUS the Son Oi Corhredus Galdus, fucceeded iii 
 the Year of the World 4080, in the Year of Clirift i !Q, 
 after the Reign 440. So good a Father was fucceeded by a bad 
 Son, who gave himfelf up entirely to Whoring and Drinkiug, 
 and all Manner of Vice. He was inhumanly Cruel, and unfa- 
 tlably Covetous ^ fome of the Nobles whofe Daughters he had 
 Dedled and Proftituted to his lewd Companions, Confpir’d a- 
 ^ainft him and flew him, and alfo the loathed Minifters of 
 his Luft and Lewdnefs, in the Third Year of his Reigns and 
 was Buried in Vunji affage. 
 
 MOG ALDUS the 2^d King of SCOTLAND. 
 
 M OG ALD U SjCorbredu's the 2ds. Sifter’s Son, fucceeded 
 in the Year of the World 4083, after the Coming of 
 Chrift 1 13 Years, after the Beginning of the Reign of Scotland 
 443 Years. A good King, and Vidorious in the Beginning of 
 his Reign-, Governing his People with great Juftice, andobtai- 
 ned great Vidor.- over the Romans, and drove them out of the 
 Borders of his Kingdom ^ yea in fome Battles he weakened the 
 Power amongft the Britains, that tliey alio were in 
 fome Hopes ol recovering their Liberty, and thereupon took up 
 Arms in feveral Places, and their Hopes were the more encrea- 
 fed, becaufe the F.mperor Adrian had called home Severus, a 
 fierce and skilful Warrior, out of Brittany into Syria, toC^eli 
 the feditbus Jer&s, InhisTime Adrian the Emperor came from 
 
a a The MlSTO^Yof 
 
 Gallia into Britain, and Built that Wall which is lince call’d 
 Jdrian'i Wall^, as Mliut Spartianuj giveth Account of it in 
 the LUe o( Adrian. The Remams of this Wall and Trench are 
 to be feen yet in feveral Places between the baft and Weft 
 Borderj it run from Hinmouth to Eskmouth in Sollvpay Birth* 
 Mogaldus finding himfelf free from War, forgot the Example 
 of his Anceftors, and gave himfelf up to Vice, and Died the 
 36th Year of his Reign, and was Buried in Dunjiaffage. 
 
 CO N ARU S the 24th King of SC07LAND. 
 
 C O N ARMS fucceeded his Vdithet Mogaldus, in the Year 
 of the World 41 19, in the Year of our Lord 149,. after the 
 Reign 479, In the Beginning of his Reign the Romans nm\ Bri^ 
 tains having made Incurfioiis into the Borders of Scotland over 
 Adrian’s Wall, Conarus Raifed an Army, and being joined by 
 the Pi^s, pafs’d over the Wall into the Britains Country, and 
 fought a Bloody Battle with uncertain Viclory. The Scots re- 
 tired to their own Country beyond the Wall of Adrian, v hich 
 lie again Repaired. Conarus by the evil Counfels of wicked 
 Perfons, begun to Exercife great Severity over his Subje(fts,the 
 Nobility finding the King Governed by a Set of w'icked Pei" 
 fons (who- prompted and indulged him in many wicked A- 
 fiions). Seized the King, and after putting many of his evil 
 Goun-fellors to Death, the King acknowledged his Error?, and 
 evas again reftored to his Government, which he managed with 
 Juftice and Equity after j and Died the Fourteenth Year of 
 his.;Reign, and was. Buried in Dunji affage. 
 
 E7 HOLD U S the 25th King of SCOTLAND. 
 
 E T HO L D U S the Sifter’s Son of Mogaldus, fucceeded in 
 >the Year of the World 4t33, the Year of Chr.ft 163, af- 
 ter the Reign 493. A wife, valiant, and good King, in his 
 Reign the Inhabitants of tire ^Bhude Iftands being aiftfted by 
 the PiSis-and many Irifhmen, vaiied great Tumults t, but the 
 King Routed them. in. 'a Battle, and punilLed the Ring- Leaders, 
 
He Fought feveral Battles againft theRomans, with their Cap- 
 tains ViBorine, TrebelliuSf and Pertitiax, near Adrians Wall, 
 and having forced the Romans over the faid Wall, and lived a 
 ter peaceably, he.was^by an Irijh Harper who vvasadmitttrd to 
 play in the King’s Bed-Chamber) Slain, in the Ihineench 
 Year of his Reign. When the Harper was led to Execution, he 
 confeflfed it was in Revenge of oneof hisKinfmen v. ho wasfiain 
 by the King in the before mentioned Rebellion of tlie Ifiand' 
 ers. He was Buried in Vunfiajfage, 
 
 S A TRA EL the 26th King of SCOELlJSfD. 
 
 QJTRA EL fucceeded his Brother Ethodius, in the Year of 
 the World 4165, the Year of Chrift 195, after the Reign 
 525:, (the Son of Ethodius being a Child) a cruel Tyrant} 1 e‘- 
 endeavoured to Deftroy the Sons of Ethodius, but the Nobles 
 Declaring. their Difpleafure on that Account, raifed Tumults 
 and Sedition: But he could not go forth to fupprefs them, be- 
 caufeheknew he lay under a publick Odium. He was Slain 
 privately in the Night by one of his own wicked Courtiers (af- 
 ter he had Governed Four Years) and was Buried in Dunfiaffage<y ' 
 
 DO U ALDUS I. the 27th King of SCOTL JWDo - 
 
 D OpiALDUS I. Brother to Ethodius and Satrael, fuc- 
 ceeded in the Government the Year of the World ^i6g, 
 in the Year of Chrift 199, after the Beginning of the Reign op 
 Scotland 529 Years } a good Religions Prince. In his Time the - 
 Chriftian Religion was firfi received in S cot I and, tho' the King 
 and many of the Nobility Embraced the Chridian Faith, yet 
 the old Heathenilh Idolatry could not be wholly Extirpated 
 in ibme fucceeding Ages Severus the Emperor coming over ’ 
 to Britain with a greater Number of Forces than had been for- 
 merly brought over, entred Albion, with a Defign to Conquer' 
 the whole Ifland, but was floiitly Repulfed by the Scots, ha- 
 ving in feveral Skirmifhes and Ambulhes loft above 50,000) of 
 his Soldiers, He Built a Wall as a Moudfo the Roman Empire^ ■ 
 
 betweerc'* 
 
'T^he HIST^OT of 
 
 between the Firths ofFor^^and Clyde^ where Jlgrkola hdmt 
 him had alio determined to Bound theirProvince. This is the 
 Wall which Bede hath mentioned for that of Adrian. This 
 Wail is vilible in fome Parts to this Day ; Stones with Infcrip- 
 tions have been lately found in this Wall, which People in the 
 Country ufe in their Building; by which it appe^irs it was a 
 Wall, and not as Bede and other Authors call it, a Trench, it 
 being where it is neareft to Adrian'^, WaD, about 8o isTlesdi- 
 ftant. That it wasa ftately Pileot Building, thofe Words 
 
 of Jnliiis Spurt ianus do (hew ihe Grandeur of theStrudluve : 
 He jirengthned Britain (fays he) with a Wall draven evofs, cr 
 t/nvart the Ijt.^nd frem Sea to Sea, nhich is the gre.:tejl Ornament 
 of his Empire. Near the faid Wall is tobefeen in Shire 
 
 Two Hillocks or Mounts, called by the Antients 'Dutn Facts, 
 (i. e.) The Mounts or Emblems of Peace or Reconciliat/on-, w hich 
 was then Concluded between the Rf mans Scots. About 
 Two Miles diilant from the Duni Pads, there is to he feen the 
 Remains of an antient Building, commonly call’d by the Peo- 
 ple, Art! lief s Oven ’tis Built in Form of a Pyramid, which 
 moll Authors agree was the Temple of theGod let minus. Sorr^e 
 have written that it was the Temple of Claudius C£far. This 
 '’Monument with many other antientMarks of Antiquity, was 
 invjdioufly defaced, by Edward the firh King of England. Do- 
 naldush'4nW% Governed Twenty one Years with Juhice and 
 iiquity, (Refigned the Governmenment to the lawful Keir£- 
 thod'us his Nephew) Departed this Life, and was Buried in 
 Dunjlajfage. 
 
 ETUODIUS IL th^28th King of SCOlLAND. 
 
 E THODIU.S I I. Son to Et hod ius the Y‘u(d, fucceeded in the 
 Year of the World a{iS6, the Year of our Lord 21^5 Years, 
 after the Reign ^c\6. A A. an of a more Languid and foft Dif- 
 polition than was Ht to Govern fuch a Warlike People ; but 
 not guilty of anv notorious Wickednefs, which made the I^o- 
 ple (hew all the Reverence and Refpedt due to. their Lawful 
 
 King 
 
King the Lineal Heir o( Fergus. He appointed Judges over the 
 Kingdom, whofe Equity and Moderation did fo regulate Mat- 
 ters, that Scotland was never in a quieter State than it was 
 during his Reign 5 there being Peace at Home and Abroad. 
 He Deceafed the Twenty firR Year of his Reign, and was Bu- 
 ried in Dunjiaffage, 
 
 JTHIRCO the 2gth King of SC OIL AND. 
 
 A THIRCO fucceeded his Father II, in the Year 
 
 of the World 4201, in the Year of Chrift 231, after the 
 Reign 561. In the Beginning of his Reign, by his bounteous 
 and courteous Demeanor, he won to himfelf the Love of all 
 People^ he exceeded moft Men in many Manly Exercifes, fuch 
 as Riding and throwing the Dart : Buthis Viceencreafing with 
 his Age, at lafi: a Confpiracy was formed againft him by one 
 Nathalocus a Nobleman, whofe Daughter being firft Deflowr’d 
 by the King, and afterwards beaten with Rods, Atbirco being 
 Deferred by thofe wicked Perfons who had indulged him in 
 his vitious Life, .laid violent Hands on himfelf in the Twelfth 
 Year of his Reign. Dorus, hvother to Jthirco, fearing the Rage 
 of Nathalocus i fled with Undochus, Carantius, and Donaldus, 
 the Three Sons of Athirco, into the FiCls, where they were re- 
 ceived with all Refpedt due to their Royal Birth. Nathalocus 
 finding the Royal Family were fled, he hired Ruffians to Kill 
 Dorus. They finding one very like him in Stature and phif- 
 ognomy, flew him inftead of Dorus, and brought the Account 
 thereof to Nathalocus, who then fet his Invention to work how 
 to get himfelf in Pofleflion of the Crown, tho’ the moR Part 
 of the Nobility were againft him, yet by Bribes and great I re- 
 mifes of Rewards, carried his Point. 
 
 nathalocus the 30th King of S C OIL A ND, 
 
 N ath A locus thinking himfelf fure by the fuppofed 
 Death of Dorus, Ufurped the Crov/n in the Year of the 
 World 421 2, the Year of Chrift 242, after the Reign This 
 
 O vile 
 
z6 The HIST^OT of 
 
 vile Ufurper Exerdfed all Manner of Villainy and Cruelty, 
 hearing that Dorns and the bons ot Athinco were alive^ aiid a- 
 mong the Pifis, not being contemea with their Exiie, lubor- 
 ned hmiiiarie:> to kill them j and aft i wards when he found the 
 Nobility take Noticeof his inhumane Defigns, the better to fe- 
 cure himfelf,as he thought, fent U'l’th .fe Nobles whom he moft 
 fufpected, to come to him,prerend ng he had rseedot their Ad- 
 vice in publick A 'fairs of the Kingdom. When they were af- 
 fembied, he Ihut them up m Prifon, and the very next Night 
 cauled them all to be drangled : But that which he hoped 
 would be the Means to fecure him, was the only Means of his 
 Ruiu 5 the Friends of thofe whom he had fo bafely Murder’d, 
 immediately Armed themfeives againft him, and whiift he was 
 arming againft them, he was flain by one of his own Dome- 
 Ificks. ’Tis Reported, that the Aian who flew the King, was by 
 him fent to Confult Soothfayers concerning his Fate 5 
 and that an old Wizard anfwered the Man, 7hat the King jhoiPd 
 not live long after but his Danger fhould not arije from his Ene- 
 mies, but from his DomejUcks. And when he prefs’d to know 
 from which of them 5 he anfwered, *lis even from thy felj Man, 
 Whereupon he Curled the Wizard, Swearing Fidelity to the 
 llfurperj but yet when he conlidered that it might be made 
 known, and wou’d render him fufpected, herefolved to kill him, 
 knowing how acceptable the Adtion wou’d be to many. When 
 he returned, lie defired to have Accefs to deliver his anfwer in 
 private, and Stabbing the Ufurper faid, 7hts Is thy Anfwer . He 
 Reigned Eleven Years, and when his Death wasknowm to the 
 People, they called home their Baniflied Law ful King and his 
 Brethren, from his Exile, and plac’d him upon the Throne of 
 his Anceflors. 
 
 EINDOCHUS the ^ifl King of ^ COrjL J A/P. 
 
 F I N DO C Hu S the Son of Athirco, fucceeded in the Year 
 of the World 4223, after the coming of Clirifi: 253 Years,- 
 after the Reign of Scotland 583) a good valiant King. Befldes 
 
 his 
 
S C O T L A N D: 
 
 his being the Lawful Heir of the Crown of the Royal Race, he 
 was alio Ciidued wi.h many extraordinary biits ol Nature, be- 
 in^, beautiful and tali oi btatuie, a d in the flower of his nge 
 when he iuccteded to the Crown, ai d -as the more accepta- 
 ble to the People, becaufethat by the Nnhulvcus they 
 
 had futiered all theOppreiTions and . vfhi ions that People may 
 well expect trom an u juft Ufurper, and by the Reftoration 
 of their Natural and Lawful Ki ng they enjoy’d that 
 
 Happinefs People may expect from t Lawful King wnu derives 
 his Right Irom Divine as well as Human Laws; neither did he 
 deceive his People, for in his oruinary Deportment he was ve- 
 ry Courteous in adminiftring Juftice equal and impamai, and 
 a Con fcientious Performer of all his Promiles. In his lime 
 D ^ ^ A L L> U S the lllander, a Friend of the late Ulur- 
 per Nithalocus, i-diVd over with a numerous Army to Albion 
 from the Ifles, pretending to Revenge the Death oiNtth locus y 
 But the King Railing an Army, overthrew him in Battle j Do- 
 naldus flying tor Refuge to his Ships, was Drown’d in a Imail 
 Boatj notwithftanding this Overthrow, they.fent for Forces 
 out of IreUndy and mdde Donald, Son to the beforenamed Do- 
 na! dus, their General; tindochus again fent an Army againft 
 them and Routed them, and Demoliihed their Forts, unto which 
 they were wont to fly, and Donaldus was Forced to Ireland 
 But being afterwards pardoned by the King, and having given 
 all Poflible Security for his f idelity,yet did not ceafe to Contrive 
 by -Stratagem, what lie could notEfieffby Force; the Means 
 he ufed to Deftroy him was. He Hired two Villians, who pre- 
 tended to Complain to the King of the Wrongs they had fuf» 
 fered by him the faid Donaldus, and Relating their Lineage 
 and Relation to the Royal Blood, they were admitted into the 
 King’s familiar Acquaintance, and finding Caranticus the 
 King’s Brother a Shallow vain-glorious Man, and a Perfon fit 
 for their Bloody Deligns, they Communicated their Deflgn to 
 him, asa properMeans to put him in Pofeflion of the Crown, 
 to which he Liftned; and they being inCompany with theKing 
 on a Day Hunting, whilftthe Nobility and Attendance were 
 
 before 
 
i8 
 
 The HlSTO^Tof 
 
 before. Running to fee a wiid .Beaft of an Extraordinary Big- 
 nefs, the Traitors Run the King through the Body with a Spear 
 theMurderers being taken and put to the Rack, they ConieU'ed 
 aU their Wickednets, and that Carantius was fecret to the 
 Murder 5 upon vjhlch Carantius to the Eritains, not be- 
 ing well iookt upon there, he went to tht Roman Camp. Thus 
 fell the beft of Men, as well as of Kings, by the deteftabie 
 Treachery of Villains, to the .great Lofs of his Subje<fls, being 
 univerfally beloved and lamented. He Reigned Eleven Years^ 
 and was Buried in Dunjiaffage. ^ ' 
 
 DONALDU S II. the 3 2 d King of 5 CO TLJ^i^7Z). 
 
 A L D U ^ -II. the Third Brother of itndochusj fuc~ 
 ^ ceeded in the Year of the World 4234, after the coming 
 of Chrift 264 Years, after the Reign 594. A good Prince, w ho 
 lamented the Death of his Brother with exceeding Grief j whiift 
 he was preparing to Revenge his Brother’s Death, Word was 
 brought him, That Donald of the IJl antis, the Author and Con- 
 triver of the Murder, was entred Murray, not as a Rebel but 
 as a King. The King being Turpris’d, before he could get an 
 Army ready, and could not avoid Fighting, was, with all his 
 Friends and Nobility, overcome by the Multitude of their E- 
 nemies, and being grievoufly wounded, with Thirty of the 
 Prime of his Nobility, was taken Prifoner^ about 3000 Men 
 were Tain in the Fight, & 2000 taken Prifoners : The King Di- 
 ed within Three Days after of his Wounds, or Grief, having 
 fcai ce Reigned One full Y'ear. He was Buried in Dun/lafage. 
 
 DO JSlALDU S HI. thej^dKingof S GOT L A JSID, 
 
 D OJSfALD of rhe.Ifles llfurped the Crown in the Yeat' 
 of the World 4235, in the Year of Chrih 2C5, after the 
 Reign 525. A cruel Tyrant, as he a (fum’d the Name of King 
 without any Authority. He forced the People to fubmit tohim, 
 by threatning to kill all thofe Nobility and Perfons he hadftin 
 Prifoners, if they denyed his Authority. He difarmed all the 
 
 Sub- 
 
SCO TL AND. 
 
 Subje< 5 ts but his own Servants^ and his own AlTiftantSi hecau- 
 fed many of the Nobility to be violently put to Death, Thofe 
 Miferies continued long, but Carthilinthus, the Son of JP/k- 
 dochusf was found out to revenge his Father’s Death, and the 
 publick Wrongs. He had been bred up privately by hisFofter- 
 Father, (a Man of great Induftry ) and was thought to have 
 been Dead 3 but having few about him equal to him in Strength 
 or Wit, he hill concealed his Name, and got in Favour at Court, 
 where he found at laft Opportunity to difcover himfelf5 when 
 he found Things fucceed according to his Mind, having gota 
 fmall Party about him, flew Donaldus the Ufurper, and fled 
 with his Party ; But when the Death of the Tyrant w^as di- 
 vulged, both the Fad it felf, and the Authors thereof, were 
 Entertained with great Acclamation 3 fo that Carthalinthus^ 
 upon the Difcovery and Legal Proof of his Right, was Proclai- 
 med King with more Unanimity and Applaufe, than ever any 
 King had before him 3 in Regard he had been the Author, not 
 only of their Liberty, but of their Safety alfo. 
 
 CJRTHJLINTHUS 34th King of SCOl’LJND. 
 ARTHALI^THU S the Son of Findochus, fucceededto 
 
 the Grown in the Year of the World 4247, in the Year 
 of Chriff 277, after the Reign 607 Years. At the Beginning of 
 his Reign, by publick Confent, he caufed the Friends of the 
 Tyrant to be put to Death 3 afterwards made a Progrefs over 
 all the Kingdom, to Adminifler Juftice, and repair as careful- 
 ly as he could, all that was ruined by the Ufurper Donaldus. 
 Having Eftablilhed Peace at Home and Abroad, after the Cu- 
 ftom of the Nation, he fpent very -much Time in Hunting , he 
 Entertained the young Noblemen of the very courteouily, 
 and with more Familiarity than any of his Anceftors. But this 
 Familiarity had like to have prov’d very deflruffive to him: 
 Some of the PiSs having ftolen a Dog belonging to the .Scotj 
 King, wherein he much delighted, the Keeper having difco- 
 vered the Place where the Dog was hid, endeavouring to bring 
 
 P 
 
 him 
 
The msrO‘R7' of 
 
 him back, was flain. by the hereupon a great Outcry 
 were gathered together, between whom there v/as a il arp Com- 
 bat, Wherein many Noblemen, and others of both Nations 
 %v.ere, which was followed with a moh cruel War betwixt 
 them,, infomuch that it was difficult lor the Kings of both Na- 
 tions (tho’ they both delifedit) to bring the People to any Terms 
 of -Peace. They by this negleded the Danger they expos’d them- 
 felve'sto from their common Enemies the Romans and Bri tains, . 
 Carantius, the Brother of Findcchus beforementioned, having . 
 fled upon Sufpition of his Brother’s Murder, was till then in 
 Rome, Iraving been employed in the Rtmaft ^^'ars by Deoclejhni^ 
 the Timperor, and behaved himfelf valiantly, being fent by 
 Deosleftan to the Sea oi Bologiie, to defend Bolgica Ar- 
 
 morica, from the Incurfions of the Saxons, having enriched 
 himfelf with great Spoils, returned to Scotland with many va- - 
 liant Soldiers, and, fettled his Refidencein IVeJimcrland in Jing- 
 iand, being received into 'Favour by the King of Sects his Ne- 
 phew, he reconciled the Scots 'and Pi£is, and having procu- 
 red their Affiftance, he with a great Army Fought ^lintns Baf- 
 fianus the ^Rom an Oenei'al, whom he overcame and flew in the 
 Battle, with many more valiant Romans/ He pafTed to hvndon 
 with his Army, where he was received with great Reverence, 
 and took PolTeffion of the'Crown of Britain.Ahe Romans made 
 many Attempts againft him, but by his Skill in Military Af- 
 fairs, he Defeated ail their Defigns- After he had reflored the 
 their Pofleffions which. they formerly held, he 'was flain 
 by JileSius his Companion, a Roman Captain, after he had 
 Reigned Seven Yedrs. KingCarthalinthus Reigned peaceably 
 after, and Died in the 24th Year of his Reign, and was Buri- 
 ed in Vunftajfage., 
 
 BmCO-.RMACEM.S the jyth King of- SCO-FL A dlD, 
 
 ^WCORMACHUS, Son to Donaldus the IT. Succeeded his 
 Goulin German CarthaUntkvXin the Y ear of the World 427 1 , 
 the Year of Chrift 50!, after the Reign 6 ^ \ ^ a godly valiant 
 Prince, who performed many Excellent Exploits againflthePc- 
 
 nuins 
 
S c O T L D- 
 
 matis^ by the Aid of the Pi&sj yea feveral Battles he Fought 
 without any Auxiliaries, and obtained Vi( 5 lory over the Romans^ 
 w ho were Conten ted to accept of Peace on any Terms from him 5 
 he being freed from Wars, was at great Pains to promote the 
 Chriftian Religion, and to Root out the Relicks of Heathenilh 
 Worflup. He Received and Proteded many GhriRians who fled 
 from among the Britain! , fearing the Cruelty of Deoclejian 5 ar 
 mongft which, Sundry Eminent for Learning and Integrity of 
 Life, made their aboad in Scotland, where they led Solitary Lives, 
 with fuchanUniverfalOpinion of their Sanctity, that wlien they - 
 Died, their Cells were Changed into Temples; from hence a- 
 rofe afterwardsamongft the ancient ^Scof/toCall Temples Cells. 
 This fort of Religious Men or Monks, were Called Culdees whofe ■ 
 Name and Order continued many Years in Scotland. Fincorma- 
 chus Having alTifted OSfavius King of theBr/V^/«/,and over- threw ~ 
 Traherus the Roman General, with his Army, and Redored Oc- ' 
 tavius to the Crown, OBavius Confirmed by an Oath to Fincor-- 
 mochuj and his Poderity, the Lands of Wefimoreland, ^onhum-*- 
 berland, and Cumberland. King Fincormachus having fettled his 
 Affairs in Scotland, lived all the Red of his Days in Peace. He 
 Died the 47th Year of his Reign, and was Buried in Dunfta- 
 fage. After his Death there was a great Conted betwixt his 
 Three Coufin Germans, the Fhtee Btothexs oi Cart h dint bus 
 their Names were Romachus, Fethelmachus, and Augu/iamis, or ra- 
 ther Mneatm, Romachus's Plea w-as. That his Father was the 
 Elded of the Three Brothers; but Jugu/iamu, by his Age and 
 good Behaviour, had got into the Favour of the People, befides 
 Fethelmachus the other Competitor, gave his Vote for him; by - 
 which they Divided the Kingdom into FaSlions, and brought 
 their Parties tQ the Field; a Bloody Battle was Fought, where 
 Aiigupanus and Fethelmacus, and their Party, was Defeated, and 
 they fled into the ^hude Ides ; and not finding themfelves fafe 
 there, went into Ireland. 
 
 B. 
 
 ROMACHUS the 36th Kingof SCOTLAND. 
 
 0 MAC Hu S having thus Removed his Competitors, took 
 PoIfelfioH of the Crown in the Year of the World 43 i B, - 
 
.5 a The BISTORT of 
 
 ,ia the Year of Chrift 348, after the Reign ^78 Years a vile 
 .Tyrant, having Exercifed his' Cruelty over the People Three 
 Years. The Nobles took up Arms againR him j and before he 
 could get his Forces together, he was taken making his Efcape 
 to the Pt£is, and Beheaded 5 and Augufianus was by a General 
 Confent call’d Home from Ireland to take the Government. 
 
 All GUSl ANUS the 37th King of SCOTLAND. 
 
 A UGUSIANUs Succeeded in the Year of the World 4321, 
 in the Year of ChriR, 35 1, after the Reign 681 Years. In 
 the Beginning of his Reign, they which were the Minifters of 
 Cruelty and OpprelTion under being affraid to live 
 
 : under lo good a Prince as Augufianus ^ they Stirred u'^Ne6la7ius 
 King of the Pi6is to make War uponhim-, Augufianus^ being a 
 Loverof Peace, Defired they might continue Peace, in Regard 
 the Britains only wanted an Opportunity to Deftroy them 
 - both 5 but the Fi£ls truRing to their own Rtrength would not 
 -Hearken to him, fo that perceiving them to be averfe to Peace, 
 led out his Army againfl them •, and after a flmrp Conflid, ob- 
 tain’d the Vi(Rory over the F/fiFx, the BiBs again gave Battle 
 to the Scots j wherein the King Augufianus was 5 'lain, which Dif- 
 coiiraged the Scots Army 5 fo that great Diforders Happened a- 
 mong them •, nor was the Battle lefs bloody to the Pt^s, their 
 •Kingwith moR of his beR Wariors being Rain j the Eofs being 
 Equal on both fides, Occafioned a Peace between both Nations. 
 He Reigned.Three Years,.and,Left nolffue 5 he was Buried in 
 Dunfijjfage. 
 
 FETHELMACHUS the 58th King SCOTLAND. 
 
 ^ETHELMACHUS the 3d; Brother of Canhali-nthus, Suc- 
 ceded in the Year of the World 43 24, in the Fear of ChriR 
 354, after the Reign ^84 Tears. He wasagood valiant Prince •, 
 t he fecond Year of Ms Reign he Raifed an Army againfl thef 
 and killed their King, with moR Part of ail their Army 
 
 in 
 
SCO T L A N D. 
 
 in Battle. One JuguflusSL crtifty Man, having undertaken the 
 Command of the Bids, treacheroufly Contrived by Fraud what 
 he could not attempt by Force; he hired Two Ft 6 ls who;pre- 
 tended they were Scotsj to Murder the King ; They found a 
 Harper who was admitted to play in the King’s Bed-Chamber, 
 fo having agreed with him, he on a Night when the King was 
 afleep, introduced the Two who Aiurdered theKn>gas 
 
 privately as they could : But the King’s Attendants hearing his 
 Dying Groans, purfued the Murderers, Apprehended, and 
 juftly Tormented them to Death. Inthefirft Year of hisReign 
 the Church of St. Andrews was, at the Requeftof St. Ruel, 6 t 
 Regulus, (who brought over with him and Buried there the 
 Arm ot St. Andrew the Apoftle) Built by the-Kingof the-P/ii?/. 
 Fethelmachus Keigned 3 Years, and was Buried in Dim// 
 
 EUGlJSfUS the 59th King of SCOTLAND, 
 
 E UGlNU S the Son of Fincormachus, fucceeded in the Year 
 of the World 4^27, after the coming of Chrift 357 Years, 
 after the Reign, 687 Years. About the Beginning of hisReign 
 Maximus the Roman General in Britain, being in Hopes to 
 Conquer the whok Illand, ftud'ed how to Deftroy the Scots 
 and to that End apply’d to the Ft^s, propoling many Advanta- 
 ges to them, if they would Join with the Romms againft the 
 Scots ; rhat they fliould have the Lands ot theSror/ to be divi- 
 ded amongft them: The P/iSj were Catched with that Bait, 
 being defirous of Revenge, allured by vain Promifes, regard- 
 lefs of all future Good, join’d Forces with the againft 
 the Scots. /KMX being furprifed, advanced againft them with 
 
 a fmall Number ot his Attendants and Guards, and at the Ri- 
 ver Cree\n Gallaway Fought a great Army of the Rom ms, FiSts, 
 and Eri tains, with incredible Courage; but being overpower- 
 ed bv the Number of the Enemy, Retired in pretty good Or- 
 der, and being foon join’d by the ArgyJe Men, and fome other 
 Forces, again Attacked the Enemy, and made great Slaughter 
 amongft them. The Romans retired to England, and Euginu>s 
 
 Q. Reven- 
 
34 The BIST Om’ of 
 
 Revenged himfelf on the lPi£ts, by flaying all they met with, 
 laying,,Wafte a great Part of their Country. Maximus find- 
 ing the Fi3s enraged againft the Scots, took that Opportu- j 
 nity to join them again with a numerous Army, and Marched 
 into Scotland, as far as the River Dorvn in Gallavoay, and pitch- i 
 ed . their Camp there. Euginus refolved to venture all in a fair I 
 Battle, and raifed all the fighting Men of the Nation, and put ! 
 the Women and Children in a Condition to fly, if they loft j 
 that Battle. ’Tis alledged that many Women appeared under !| 
 Arms in that Army, and fought with their Fathers and Hus- |; 
 bands. The Scots advanced to the Enemy’s Camp^ Maximus 
 caofed the Britains and PiSis by themfelves to Engage the 
 Scots, who were, by the refolute Valour of the put to i 
 Flights till Maximus with his JRoman Legions, being frefli, I 
 fell upon the Scots who were near tired with their former En- 
 gagement, yet fought with fo much Courage and Refolution, 
 that they never gave Ground till the King was flain, with the 
 greatefl Part of his Nobles, who would not forfake their Law- i 
 
 ful King, but choos’d rather to partake in his and theirCoun- ; 
 try’s Fate, than fubmitto any Foreign Invader. Maximusob- j 
 taining this Vidory, and feeing the great Deftru<iUon of the, 
 Scots, who had fo valiantly defended themfelves againft fo great 
 a Force, begun to compaflionate theLofs of fo brave a People, j 
 But the perfidious cruel PiSls finding his Clemency like to 
 fruftrate their Hopes, told him : That Britain would ne'ver be fe- ! 
 cured whilji any of the Scots Blood remained in it^ that they were j 
 a People who would never Jubmit to any Power but that of their 
 own Kings s fo that there would he no End of War till the whole 
 Nation was ExtinSi., Reply ’d many Things in Barr 
 
 to fuch Severity s as, That it was the antient Cufiom of the Ro-. 
 mans, if they overcame any Nation, to he fofar from Extirpating 
 them, that they made them E>enizons of their City : That though 
 they had a! mofi Conquered the World, yet never any People or Na- 
 tion were wholly 'Eradicated by them^ ’Twas not any Love hp ^ 
 bore to the Scots that made him fpeak, fo much as fore feeing 
 that by Extirpating the the might become too pow- 
 erful 
 
SCOTLAND* 35 
 
 erful a Nation, they generally being a fubtle, cruel, perHdious 
 People, very ambitious of Power. The Scots to £hun the Trea- 
 chery of the Romans and RiSlsj fled to feverai diftant Places; 
 Ethodius the Brother ot Euginus, took Shipping, with Fergus 
 the King’s Son, and his own Son Erthus^, committing him- 
 lelfto the Winds and his Fortune, arrived in Scandia, where 
 they were courteoufly received, the People being fcattered, 
 fome in the Wefternifles, fomein Ireland, fome in Scandia^nd 
 the Cimbrick Cherfonefus, and were kindly received by the in- 
 habitants of every Place where they went. Tho’ the Fi6is pub- 
 lickly profeffedthe Chriftian Religion, yet they moft barba- 
 toufly abufed the Monks and Priefts, who in thofe Days were 
 had in great Efteem *, many of thofe pooraffliQ:ed Eecleiiafticks 
 came into Icolmkill, one of the *^hude Ifles, where being ga- 
 thered together in a Monaffry, they tranfmitted an high Opi- 
 nion of their Piety and Holinefs to Pofterity. The Scots, with 
 the Afliftance of the IriFh and People of the ^^bude, attempted 
 to get themfelves repolfefs’d of their Lands, but were unfuccelf-* 
 ful,nor wou’dthey fubmit to the Power; and though 
 
 the Romans and Pibis had the moft Part of Scotland in their 
 Poffeflion, yet the Scots were ftill pofCefledof the ^^bude, and 
 fome remote Parts of the Nation : Nor can it be faidthat the 
 Romans made an entire Conqueft of Scotland at that Time, 
 which was the greateft Power or Vidory they ever obtained 
 over the Scots, This was the Time fome Authors miftakenly 
 alledge. That Scotland was peopled from Ireland. AndDo^or 
 Mat thero Kennedy in his pfiftory, call'd, J Dijfertation of thf Roy- 
 al Family of Stewarts, falfly atferts, That Fergus the Son of 
 Euginus, was the firft King of the Scots in Albion, It is Mat- 
 ter of greatSurprife to me to find a Perfon of fo great Learning 
 as Dr. Kennedy was reputed to be, fo ignorant of the Antiqui- 
 ties of the next neighbouring Nation. The P/d/ got Poffeflion 
 of a great Part of the Kingdom of Scotland, but Maximus 
 made them greater Promifes than he defigned to perform, 
 they found themfelves very much oppreffed by the Mom an 
 Laws, and more when Vi^orims was fent into the Placs of 
 
 Maxiz 
 
 L 
 
y6 The HISTORY of 
 
 M.aximuSi who was flain in Italy, ViSlorinus compelled the 
 -Piets to fubmit to the Roman Laws, and Puniflied them with . 
 .great Severities. i/er^t//r«jtheirKingDying, left them in great 
 Slavery under the Romans ’twas then they called to Mind, 
 -the Peace and Profperity they enjoy’d whjlft they lived in 
 Peace with their -Antient, Generous, Faithful Neighbours the 
 . they being foretold.by the RefponreDf the Oracle, that 
 the Piets in Time ihohid be Extirpated by the Scots ^ they loo- 
 ked upon themfelves now as the Conquered People, becaufe 
 the Sroodifdaining to fubmitor acknowledge themfelves Con- 
 quered by the Kow.nix,' they:only retired to Places of Safety, till 
 Fortune ought favour them with an Opportunity to Return 
 to the free Pc'fleiTion of their Country ; That their Servitude 
 was far more intolerable than Bihiihment, befides the Hatred 
 of their Neighbouring Nations. They were bitterly Reproa- 
 ched by the ' . onks, who cry ’d out, that God did juftly de- 
 fpife and reject their Prayers who had fo cruelly perfecuted his 
 Minifters. Their Gonfciences being touch’d with a Senfe of 
 their Perfidioufnefs, thought the only Way to recover their 
 Liberty (as well as to appeafe the Wrath of God) was to Re- 
 concile themfelves to the -S’cetj-, To that End they fent their 
 Ambafiadors to Fetgus, whom they underftood was then well 
 Entertain’d by the King oi Scandia at his Court, to Recall 
 him to his julf PotlelTion of the Kingdom of Scotland. 
 
 As foon as Fergus, with his Uncle Ethodius, arrived at the 
 Court of Scandia, the King being informed who he was, from 
 w'hence he came, and what adverfe Fortune had driven liim 
 there; his Language, alfo his Habitand Beauty, foon procured 
 Credit to his Allegations. He was admitted into near Fami- 
 Jiarity with the King, and lived there till he became a Man. 
 He addiefed himfelf whoily -to Military Exercifes, at which 
 Time many Expeditions were made by the united Forces of 
 the'll^ortJj againft the R mm Empire. Some of the Forees fell 
 upon ‘^umtary, and Tome upon Galiia-j and Fergus both out of 
 his Love to Vrms, and his Hatred to the Romans, followed the 
 ^Eranks in thek War againft the Gauls : But that Expedition 
 
 did 
 
SCOTLAND. 
 
 did not prove very profperous, fo that he Returned to Scandia 
 with greater Glory than fuccefs. At that Time the be- 
 
 ing Attacked on all fides, call’d over their Legions from Briu 
 tan), and the FiSis took that Opportunity to Reconcile them- 
 felves with the Scots, and Importuned them to call Home their 
 Exile King, which they did by a Secret AmbafTador5 When 
 the Rumour of the King’s Return was fpread abroad, all the 
 Exile Scots Returned from and the Circumjacent lilands, 
 and Repaired to their former Places. King Fergus was accom- 
 panyed by many Vanes, who had been his fellow Soldiers a- 
 broad *, the great Charader he had gained by his Bravery Con. 
 tributed much to bringmany Strangers, beiides all his own Peo- 
 ple, who received him with the utmoft Demonftrations of Joy, 
 -and Refolution to Extirpate the Roman Power out of Scotland, 
 
 FERGUS n. the 40th King of 
 
 F ergus II. son of Euglnm, (whom fome Authors callj the 
 Son of Erthus, Brother to Ethodim) was Reftored to the 
 Crown of Scotland in the Year of the World 4374 > in the Year 
 of GhriR 404, after the Beginning of the Reign of Scotland 7S4 
 Years, according to the ancient Records of Scotland, Called the 
 Black Book of Fajly (a Parchment Chronicle of Written 
 
 by the Monks of the Abhy of Vajly in the ihire ofRenfrevp near 
 Glafs^mv, Called from the Colour of its Cover, the Black Book) 
 which may ealily Confute all thofe who contend out of Bedels 
 Account, that this was the firft coming of the Scots into Jlhtoni 
 Asalfo the Learn’d Dodtor Kenedy may be convinced of mani- 
 feft Untruths, Even by Bede's own Hiftory. Mart anus Scotm, 
 and Funccim, in both their Accounts, agree about the Return of 
 King Fergus II. only differing in fome Months. Fergus upon his 
 Landing was Cheerfully received by the Chieftains of the Clans, 
 and they Renewed to him the former Oath Sworn to Fergus 
 thePirff, and his Lineal Succeffors •, he proceeded to Demolilh 
 all the Fortifications made by the Romans 5 the Wall of Severm 
 was Demolifhed by Graham, Son to Ethodious, the Brother 
 
 R Eu- 
 
 L 
 
38 The HlSTO^r of 
 
 'Euginus, who Carried Fergus to Sc anAi a this married 
 
 a noble Lady of Denmark^ who was Mother to Graham, and 
 Graham married a Lady of the Blood Royal of Denmark--, by 
 whom he had a Daughter of Excelling Beauty, who was mar- 
 ried to King Fergus. From this Graham defcended the antient 
 Sirnome of the Grahams. Graham after he had Demolilhed the 
 Wall of Sever m, paft over and flew the Guards, and had 
 
 almoli: Deflroyed the Roman Power in Britain, when Maximi- j 
 isaus unexpe<^edly came over with a mimrous Army, Fer- 
 gus with the King of the PiSis, and one Dionethus, a Britain, ad- ' 
 vanced againft them, and fought a Defperate Battle with Equal 
 Vidory, the6^cc^/afterthat, having flain many of the in ! 
 
 feveral Skirmifhes,they again came to a pitched Battle wherein 
 fell Fergus King of Sects, the King of the Pi£is, and Dicnetlm 3 
 many ot both Armies being flain, the Romans Retired to their j 
 iirong Holds in England. Fergus left Three Sons, behind him, 
 Euginus Dongardiis , and Confiantinus who being young, 
 their Unde was appointed their Guardian, and to manage the i 
 Government of the Kingdom, till they came to perfed Age 3 3 
 v/hich he did with great juftice and Equity. Reigned, 
 Sixteen Years,and was Buried in the MonaRry of holm kill, which ! 
 was the Burying place of the Kings of Scotland, until the Days of 
 King Malcdm the Third. 
 
 EUGINUS 11, the4ift. King of SCOTLAND. 
 
 E U G IN US II. theSonofLer^wi, the II. Succeeded in the Year 
 ofthe World 4390. beginning of the Reign of Scot- 
 
 land j 20 Years. Graham being Governor as aforefaid, intheFirfl: 
 Year of the Reign of Euginus, he paR to Adrian’s wail (which Divi- 
 ded from England and Demoliflied it. The Eom^wx being 
 
 Galled over from Britain to Defend their Empire at home, Graham- 
 paR with Fire and Sword throughall the Bounds betwixt Tynand. 
 Bumber, and Fought a very Defperate Battle with the Britains 
 wherein fell 1 5 ,000 with many of their Nobles, 8c ^coo 
 
 Scots. In the SeyenthYe-ar of theKeign of Euginus, theRcmanswere 
 
 entirely 
 
entirely expeird Britain, being 49<5 Years after the firft Con- 
 qaeh of Julius Cafar* The Britains fearing xhditGraham would 
 not lay down Arms till he had brought the whole Iflandinto 
 Subjection, they fent their Ambalfadors to him to defire Peace 
 on any Conditions, which was Granted tothem 5 theybeingobli- 
 ged to quit all the Lands Lying be North Humber i, and that 
 it fliould be perpetually pofl’eiTed by the Kings Scotland-, they 
 alfo being obliged to pay prefently tothe Armyofthe^cfjt/and 
 FiBs 60,000 pounds Sterling and 20,000 Yearly to be paid " 
 by the Britains to the Kings of And GrahamKehgn- 
 
 ed the Government toKing Euginus, Soon after thofe Conditions 
 were agreed on 5 Confiantine King of the Britains, was (lain by 
 Vortigern a potent and ambitious man, who made himfelf King 
 of the Britains, and Engaged the Saxons to take his Part, who 
 then Exercifed Piracy at Sea, and InfeCted alltheCoaffs farand 
 near. Hengift their Captain came to his Affifiance with a- 
 flrong Band of Soldiers with Three Gallies, and Vortigern affign- 
 ed Lands to him in Britain fo that he was not to Fight for a. 
 ftrange Country, but for hisownEfiate^ and therefore was like- 
 ly to do it with the greater Alacrity. When this was noifed a- 
 broad, large Numbers of the and flocked intoEri- 
 
 tain, about the Year of our Lord 4495 Vortigern being firength- 
 hed by thofe Auxiliaries, joyned Battle with the and Pt£fs, 
 and took all the Lands from the King of Scots, Granted by the 
 before-mentioned League; and the«S'co#iRetired from Beyond Jd- 
 rian's wall' Euginus being at Peace with every one, took Great 
 Delight in Inftituting good Laws, and Executing Juftice 3 he 
 divided feveral Landsamongft his Subjects, as a Reward of their 
 Loyal 5 ’ervice. He brought Home the Monks and Teachers of the 
 Chriftian Religion 5 and that they fliould not be Burdenfome to 
 the poorer fort of the People, Ordained, that they fliould have 
 an Annual income pay’d them out of the fruits of the Earths 
 which was the firfi: Inftitution of Tyths paid to Church- men^ 
 He Died peaceably the 3 ift Year of his Reign, and was Buried 
 in holm kill, 
 
 Dongarduj- 
 
40 The HIST Om of 
 
 DO^G ARD US the 42 d. King of SCOILJX^D. 
 
 D O JRD USSucceeded his Brother jB«^/wt«inthe Year 
 
 of the World 44 ^ 1 ; the Year of our 5 'aviour i, after 
 the Reign of Scotland 781. He was of a Difpofition like his Bro- 
 ther, he wasa ftrong Oppofer of thePalagian Herefy, which in his 
 Reign did trouble the Church 5 to Confute them, Pope Celaftine, 
 fent Paladins, andfeveral other Learned Monks to Set?/ this 
 Paladins was the firft who appointed Bilhops in Scotland, till 
 then the Churches were Governed by Monks without Bilhops. 
 ■Vonimer being Chofen King of the Britains, he finding the 
 tPower of the Saxons waxing too great *, Renewed their former 
 .•League with the Scots and Pt^s, the better to break the Grow- 
 ing Power of the Saxons Dongardus. Dyed in Peace the 5 th Year 
 •of his Reign, and was Buried in kolmkill. 
 
 CONslJjSltJNP I. the43d. King of .y COIL 
 
 .^OlCslANtlNP L Succeeded his Brother Dengardus in the 
 Year of the World 44 ^ 7 , in the Year of Chrift 457 ? after 
 ■the Reign 787 a vitious Prince. He was Killed by a Noble Man, 
 {whofe Daughter he had Raviflied and abufedj in the 2 2d Year 
 of his Reign, and v/as Buried in kolmkill, 
 
 CONG ALL US the 44th King of SCOTLAND. 
 
 ■^O^NGALLU S the Son o( Doftgatrdns, fucceeded his Uncle 
 Cenftantine, in the Year of the World 4449 ^ ft' the Year 
 of Chrih 479, after the Reign 2095 a good, valiant and wife 
 Prince, who by his good Example Reclaimed the People (who 
 Jiad been much addided to floath and Luxury in the former 
 J\ ei gn) to a more Civil Courfe of Life. Conga ll us had War moft 
 .PartofhisReign, but never Exceeded Skirmiflies, in which the 
 5 cr?/j always had the Better*, they being nimble, and the moft 
 Part of them Horfe men^ notwi'chftanding the Britains Ind 
 •|>reffed Aurelius Ambrefip^ to recover the Lands in England from 
 
 the 
 
SCO TL AND. 
 
 41 
 
 the Scots j yet Congallus fent Forces to Affift them againft the Sax- 
 ons. In the Reign of Congallus Lived the two famous Prophets 
 Merlin andGe/d^/. He died in the zad Year of his Reign, and 
 was Buried at Icolmkilh 
 
 GORANUS the 45th King of SCOtL A 
 
 G OR ANUS fucceeded his Brother Congallus in the Year 
 of the World 447 *^ i^i Year of Chrift 50 1, after the 
 
 Reign 831 5 a good Prince and fevere Jufticiar. He perfwa- 
 ded Lothus King of the FiBs, and Uter King of the BritainSf 
 to join with the again ft the and overthrew them 5 
 
 and at laft almoft drove them out of Britain. Goranus Reign- 
 ed Thirty four Years, and Died of old Age in his own Palace, 
 and was Buried in Icolmkill. Some Authors fay he was Mur-" 
 dered by Donald Captain oi Athol, but are miftaken. 
 
 LUG IN US III. the 46th King of ^ COIL 
 
 E UGINU S III. the Son of GongaUus, fucceeded in the 
 Year of the World 4505, in the Year of Chrift 535, after 
 the Reign 865 5 a wife good Prince. He inftituted many good 
 Laws, and executed Juftice. He lived in Peace all the Time 
 of his Reign, and Died the 23d Year of his Reign, and was 
 Buried in IcolmkiU. 
 
 CONGALLUS II. the 47th King of 5 CO TL if ATD. 
 
 C ONGALLUS IL fucceeded his Brother in the 
 
 Year of the World 4528, the Year of Chrift 458, after 
 the Reign 888 5 a good, juft, and godly Prince. He inftituted 
 many good Laws concerning Churches and Church-Men | 
 and for his many excellent Endowments is worthy of perpe- 
 tual Memory. He Died in Peace the iith Year of his Reign, 
 and was Buried in Icolmkill. 
 
 S KlNz 
 
4'Z T^he H IST^OT of 
 
 KU^ATELLUS the 48th King of SCOlhAKD. 
 
 K ina tell us fucceeded his Brother Congallus, in , the 
 > Year of the World 4539, the Year of Chnft 569^ after 
 the Reign of Scotland 899 Years. A good Prince, who Died 
 the Firit Year of his Reign, and was Buried in kolmkiUy 
 
 AID anus the 49th King of SCOTLAND, 
 
 IDANUS the Son of Goranus{ fucceeded in the Year of 
 the World 4540, the Year of Ghrift570, after theReign 
 of Scotland 900 Years. He was a valiant and good King 5 he 
 joined the Britains againfl the Saxons and Pi&s, and overthrew 
 them in a defperate Battle. The Tenth Part of the Spoil of the 
 Field was dedicated to the Churches of Scotland.^ andthe Ban- 
 ners or Enfigns won in the Battle, were fent to lcolmkilh' He 
 Died in Peace the 35th Year of his Reign, and was Buiied in 
 
 icfilmkiH . . 
 
 KENETHUS I. the 50th King of SCOTLAND. 
 
 K ’ ENETHU S I. the Son of CangaBus the 2d, fucceeded in 
 - the Year of the World 4575 » the Year of Chrift 605, af- 
 ter the Reign of Scotlandg^S Years.- He was a good and peacea^ 
 ble Prince. He Died the Firft Yearcf his Reign, and w as Bu- 
 rled in Icolmkill. 
 
 EUGINUS IV. the 51ft King ot SCOTLAND. . 
 
 E U G IN US IV. the Son of Aidanus, fucceeded in the Year 
 of the World 4576, theYearofChriff 606, after theReign 
 of Scotland. g ^6 Years, according to the Black Book of Bajly, 
 He was well Educated in Humane Learning, being carefully 
 and pioUily brought up under St. Colmov.Columba (whocame 
 to Scotland Muyigo in.the Reign of Cong all vs„d.V].d were' 
 
 had in great Efteem the Three preceding Reigns ) St Colm Di- 
 ed in.the Reign of Aidanus, very much lamented by the King 
 
 and 
 
SCOTLAND 
 
 \ 
 
 and People 5 he was a Man of Eminent Sandity. This King 
 Lived peacably all the Days of his Life. In the Tenth Year of 
 the Reign of Eiiginusy the Saxons having Rain Etkolfrid the 
 potent King of Northumherland, his Son Edwinus, wit!^ Seven 
 Brethren and one Sifter V came into Scotland, and were Com te- 
 oufly Received and Entertained at the Court' of Scotland’^ as 
 alfo many Saxons Red from England, and w'ere Shelreirdby 
 the King, and can fed them to be carefully Educated in the 
 Chriftian Religion. He died in the 15th Year of his Reign, 
 much Lamented by all good men, and was Buried in IcalmkilL 
 
 FER^HJRDUS 1 . the 52d King of ^ COIL 
 
 F ER^JlHjRDUS Succededhis Father Euglnus lY, in the 
 Year of Chrift 6zt, after the Reign pyi Years. He Ex- 
 ercifed greatCruelty over the People, for which they (’tis faid 
 by fome Authors) Confpired againft him,and Confin’d him, and 
 he Kill’d himlelf in his Confinement. Buchannan calls him a 
 Cunning Politick Man 5 and that he defigned to turn the Li- 
 mited Government ( as he terms it ) into Tyranny 5 but other ' 
 Impartial Authors fay it was for his inhuman Cruelty j hav- 
 ing Murdred many of the Nobility without Law, (which is no 
 Priviiidge of abfolute Monarchy) the People Confin’d him to 
 hinder thofe Ruffians to have accefs to him, who were the In- 
 ftruments of his Cruelty. He Reigned Eleven Years, and wa§ 
 Buried in IcolmkiU, 
 
 DOJSfJLDUS IV. the 53d. King of SCOTLAND, 
 
 D ONALDUS the Son of Euginus, and Brother of Farquhar- 
 dus, fucceededinthe YearofChrift C32, after the Reign 
 962. He called to Mind the Elogy of his Father, and the un^ 
 hapy Fate of his Brother; and made it his Bufinefs to Eftab- 
 lifh and Maintain the true Worfhip of God both at Home and 
 Abroad. He Reftored the Children of Ethelfrid, to whom 
 he gave great Gifts. The Kingdom of Northumberland was di- 
 yid^ into Two Kingdoms {viz*) thePe/VeandBerK/c/j Edwin' 
 
 the 
 
the niSrO^Tof 
 
 the Soil of 'Ethel fr id Commanded the former, and Enfrid the 
 2d Son Commanded the latter 3 notwithftanding tliey had 
 been pioully and carefully Educated in by therv. onks, 
 
 they Renounced the Chriftian Religion : But both foon after 
 loft their Lives, and was fucceeded by Ojwald the 3d Brother, 
 who was a ftudious Promoter of Religion. He fent his Ambaf- 
 fadors to Scotland to King Donald for fome Learned DoQ:ors, 
 and Donald fent Men of great Sandity and Learning, who 
 were courteoufly Received, Entertained, and Rewarded : Such 
 a pious Prince was Donaldus, that he did not think it below 
 his Kingly Dignity to Interpret many Sentences of Scripture, 
 and Sermons, to the People. He Died in the 14th Year of his 
 Reign, leaving behind him the precious Memory of his Vir- 
 tues, and was Buried in Icolmkill. 
 
 EERSU^HAKDU S II. the 54th King oEsCOtLJND 
 
 F EK^JiHARDUS ll. the SonoiFerquhardush fuccee- 
 ded in the Year of the World 4^1(5, in the Year of Chrift 
 696, after the Reign g ^6 5 an Avaritious and Vitious Man, 
 He was bitten by a Wolfe in Hunting, which occafioned a dan- 
 gerous Fever 3 ^nd when he found Death drawing near, he 
 caufed himfeif to be carried abroad meanly apparelled, and 
 made publick ConfefTion of his Sins. The holy Bilhop Colman 
 comforted him with Hopes of Mercy. He departed this Life in 
 the 1 8th Year of his Reign, and was Buried in IcolmkilL 
 
 MALDUWUS the 55th King of 
 
 M AluDUlF^U S the Son of Donaldus IV. fucceeded in 
 the Year of the World 4634, in the Year of Chrift 66 ^, 
 after the Reign 994 Years, He was a godly and wife King, and 
 Repaired very much the Loffes fuftained by the Mifraanage- 
 ment in the former Reign, In his Reign thole Monks fent 
 by Donald to England were Banilhed from the feveral Parts 
 of that Nation where they had laboured to Ipread the Chri- 
 ftian 
 
fUan Religion, and returned to Scotland. At that Time there 
 fell out a terrible Plague over ail Europe-^ but by the Divien 
 Piealiire of the Almighty God, Scotland was not at all vihted 
 with any Symptoms of the Diftemper, tho’ it raged over all the 
 fame Ifle, except thereof/ and they both inhabiting 
 
 that Part ©f the lile which is now call’d Scotland. Malduinus 
 was in the 20th Year of his Reign Strangled by his Queen in 
 the Night ((behaving fufpe( 5 ted that he had been nought with 
 a common Harlot.) For which Fad /lie was burnt alive, with 
 her Accomplices. He was Buried in Icolmkill. 
 
 EUGWUS V. the 56th King of SCOILJND. 
 
 E UGINUS V. the Son of Donaldus IV. and Brother to 
 Malduinus, fucceeded in the Year of the World 4654, in 
 the Year of Chrift 684, after the Keign of Scotland 1014 Years. 
 He was a valiant and good Prince; he obtained a great Victo- 
 ry over Edfrid King of Northumberland, whom he killed in 
 Battle, with Ten thoufand Saxons', and alfo Bre<^«j-Kingof the 
 ViSls who joined Edfrid, was overthrown by Euginus. He Di- 
 ed the 4th Year of his Reign, and was Buried in Icolmkill. 
 
 Euginus VI. the 57th King of s cotlj Nd. 
 
 UGlNU S VI. the Son of Ferquhard II. fucceeded in the 
 
 Year of the World 4658, in the Year of Chrift 688, after 
 the Reign 1018 Years; a good Prince. During his Reign the 
 Scots had neither an Eftablilbed Peace nor a Declared War with 
 the Pi£is, there being daily Skirmilbes betwixt them; and al- 
 though Euginus was very much importuned by Adamanus a 
 Bifliop o{ Scotland, as alfo by Cuthbertus an Englifh Bilbcp, he 
 could not be perfwaded to receive the Piets into Friendfldp as 
 formerly, being incenfed with an inexpiable Hatred againft 
 their Perfidioulnefs. In his Reign, it is Reported, That it Rai- 
 ned Blood over all Britain /br Seven Days, and that Milk, Cheefe 
 and Butter , were turned into Blood. EuginusDied in the Ninth 
 Year of his Reign, and was Buried in IcolmkiU^ 
 
46 T^he niST^OT of 
 
 J M B ERKELE'T HUS the 58th King of SCOTLAND. 
 MbERKELETHUS the Son of Findanus, the Brother 
 
 of E.uginus.Y, fucceeded in the Year of the World 
 in the Year of Chrift 697, after the Reign of Scotland 1027 
 Years. At the Beginning of his Reign he feemed to be a very 
 Temperate Prince, but foon after gave himfelf up to many , vi- 
 tious Courfes, Garnard King of the took the Opportuni- 
 
 ty of the Diflike the People had to him, and Invaded the Scots 
 with a great Army; Amberkelethus gathered an Army and met 
 them, and in a thick Wood (after Defeating the FVctj-) was 
 Wounded with an Arrow, whereof he Died the Second Year 
 of his Reign, and was Buried in IcolmkiU. 
 
 EU G INU S Nil. the ypth King of SCOTLAND. 
 
 E UGINUS VII, the Brother of Amherkelethus, fucceeded 
 in the Year of the World 46^9, in the Year of Chrih 699, 
 after the Reign 10295 a good Religious Prince. He made Peace 
 with Garnard King ofthe P/< 9 x, and Married his Daughter 
 named. Spontana^ Ihe being with Child the next Year was Mur- 
 dered in Bed inffead of the King, by Two Athol Men, who had 
 Confpired againftthe King’s Life ; the King himfelf was accu- 
 fed of the Murder, but falfly; the Murderers being found out, 
 Confeffed the Fact, and the King appeared innocent. They were 
 Tortured according to the Heinoufnefs of the Crime. He con- 
 tinued a Religious King, being. Endowed with many excel- 
 lent Virtues, and free from Vice : He Ordained, Ehat for the 
 future all Actions and Enterprifes of the Kings (hould he 
 
 Recorded in the Monafteries. He maintained an uninterupted 
 Peace with all his Neighbours, and Died at the 17th 
 
 Year of his Reign, and was Buried sit Icolmkill. 
 
 MORD AC US the 60th King of SCOTLAND. 
 
 M ORDACUS theSon of Amberkelethus, fucceeded in 
 the Year of the World 4^86, in the Year of Chrift 716, 
 after the Reign iO/{6, He was a pious and good Prince. During 
 
 his 
 
 
SCOTLAND: 
 
 47 
 
 his Reign there was peace over all Britain'^ he Built theMona- 
 ftry of Whitehorn?LVi^ many other Churches, and Repaired all 
 fuch as were Decayed j he Died the i6th Year of his Reign and 
 was Buried in Icolmkill. 
 
 ETHjSrus the ( 5 ift. King of SCOTLAND. 
 
 E TFINUS theSonof VII. fuccceeded, in the Year 
 
 of the World 470, in the Year of Chrift 730, atter the 
 Reign lOdO. He was a Godly Wife Prince, and Governed the 
 Kingdom with Juftice, and Equity, and being come to great 
 Age,appointed Four Regen ts,(v^'z)The Thanes of Ardgyle,Althole, 
 Gattorvay, md Murray, todo JufticetohisSubje6s, which they 
 did, but not with that ExaQ:nefs which the King himfelf had 
 done, which occafionedmany Diforders, but came to no Height 
 to Difturb the Peace of the Kingdom- Etfinus Reigned 3 1 Y ears 
 and Died at Ahernethy, and was Buried in Icolmkill, 
 
 EUGINUS VIII. the( 52 d. King of SCOTLAND. 
 
 E UGlNUS Ylll. theSonof Mordac us, fucceeded in the Year 
 of the World 4732, in the Year of Chrift 762, after the 
 Reign 1092. In the Beginning of his Reign he was a good and 
 valiant Prince, and Executed Juftice againft thofe who had 
 Committed Diforders in the former Reign-, efpecially on Do- 
 naldus who had Plundered many Parts of Galloway', heCaufed 
 him yNithMurdacusthe Regent or Govern our of (who 
 
 fided with him,) to be publicklyExecuted on Gibets, with many 
 of their Complices, making Satisfaction to all thofe who had 
 been Robbed by them : But when he had fettled all the Affairs 
 of the Nation, he gave himfelf up to a more loofe Life than 
 became a King. He was Murdered by Ruffians in the 3d. Year 
 of his Reign, and was Buried in Icolmkill, 
 
 FERGUS. III. the 63d. King of SCOTLAND. 
 
 F ergus the Son of Etfinus, fucceeded in the Year of the 
 World 4735, in the YearofChrift7(55, aftertheReign 1095: 
 He Married Ethiolia Daughter to the King of the Ficts, who 
 fufpeCted the King of being familiar with other Women, poi- 
 
 fon’d ‘ 
 
48 i:‘he HlSrO^^Tof 
 
 fon’d him; feveral of the King’s Friends being taken and tor- 
 tured upon Sufpicion oftheMurder, the Queen pitying them, 
 appeared at a Confpicuous Place of the Pallace, and told She 
 WAS the Ferfon who had Committed the Murder by Foifon^j and 
 to prevent being made a Living Spectacle of Reproach, Im- 
 mediately Stabbed herfelf with a Dagger to the Heart. He Reign- 
 ed Three Years and w^as Buried in Icolmkill. 
 
 SOLVA THIUS the 64th King of SCOtLAAND. 
 
 S OLFATHIUS the Son oi VIII. Succededin the 
 
 Year of the World 4738, in the Year of Clirifty^S, after 
 the Reign 1098. If he had not been afflidled with the Gout in 
 the 3d Year of his Reign, he might well be Reckoned amongft 
 the Beft of the Kings for his perfonal Valour and Good Manag- 
 ment. He appointed Generals who Governed his People, and 
 allay’d all the Tumults at that time. One Donald Bane ( i. e. 
 White,) Standing in no Fear of being Attacked by a Lame 
 Gouty Prince, had the Boldnefs to Seize upon feveral of the 
 Weflern Iflands, Calling himfelf King of the^^w^et. Afterwards 
 making a Defcent into the Continent; the King being affraid 
 of his ftrength, immediately Raifed an Army, and was in Per- 
 fon with them, being afTided bymany ir/Th almoft Routed 
 
 the King’s Army; But a Brave Man with a ftrong Party Came 
 iinexpe^ifed to the King’s AlTiftaneej and made fo furious an On- 
 fet, that the Rebells were driven into a Wood, w'here Bane 
 with his whole Party were ilain to a Man. The valiant Per- 
 fon not being known to the King, heaskedoneof his Atten- 
 dants, for the Perfon who had done this Great Service; the 
 Attendant anfwered the King in the Gaulick Language (i. e. 
 Irijh) Sholto Diiin Du Glafs, That is to Say, Behold that Black 
 Gray Man. Whatever his Name formerly was, ’tis not much 
 mentioned in any Hidory, but by the King’s Order he w'as 
 Called Sholto Du Glafs-, and was the Firft of the Antient and 
 Great Name oi Dugl ajfes. The King Rewarded his Service 
 with feveral Lands in the fnire of Lanarick, Called by their 
 name Douglafs. Schatbius having Continued all the Reft of his 
 Days in Peace, Died the Twentyeth Year of his Reign, and 
 wa? Buried in Icolmkillc AC H A 1 U s 
 
SCO XL A ND 
 
 AC HAWS the 6 ^th King of SCOTLAND, 
 
 A CHAlyS the Sonof fucceeded in the Year of the "World 
 
 4757. in the Year ot Chrift 787, after the Reign 1 1 17 5 agood 
 godly and valiant Prince. In the Beginning of his Reign, the People 
 of Ireland declared Waragainft the Albion Scots ’, theirReafon (which 
 was very bad) was. That they affifted Donaldus Bane^ mentioned Xn 
 theformerReign ; and that their People were all Slain at their Landing 
 in Cantyre and other Places, by the King of Scotland’^ Army. Achaius 
 fent his Ambaffadors to them, defiring Peace of them on Account of 
 their former Friendfliipand primitive Defcent. But they difdained to 
 hear the Ambafladors, and fitted out a Fleet; which was no fooner at 
 Sea, but was deftroyed by a violent Temped, which Mifchance fo hum- 
 bled them, that they fued for that Peace which they before had fodif- 
 dainfully refufed, which was granted to them. Aehains contracted 
 Peace with Charles the Great, King oi France, and Emperor of Ger- 
 many; and entered into a League with him as King of France, which 
 continued for many fucceeding Ages, and was never broke till the Dif- 
 ference of Religions occafion’d Difeords. Achaius lent over many lear- 
 ned Men, to Read Greek and Latin^at Paris, among whom was Johan- 
 nes, Sirnamed or Albinus, who was Preceptor toXh^^dX^Charles, 
 
 and left many Monuments of Learning, which remain in Paris to this 
 Day. GuiUiam, Brother of Achaius, went over to France with ftiany 
 valiant Scots, (among whom were many Nobles) and aflifted Charlesitv 
 all his Wars. He was fo efteemed among the Princes of Franc e,x\iat 
 he was called The Knight without Reproach. He was very profperous ia 
 all his Wars, and fiibdued many Nations. Many of the mod famous 
 Exploits attributed to Charles, were entirely performed h'^ GuiUiamatA 
 his vaViant Scots. He Redored th^ Florentines (who were dedroyed by 
 thQ’Goths) to their City of Florence,; in Rccompence of which, they 
 ever after had Days appointed whereon they had Celebrated Plays in 
 the City, wherein was Reprefented a XjyoH,. with divers Re- 
 
 prefentaiions, in Memory of the Scots Guitliam their Deliverer. Gu- 
 illiam having purchafed great Lands and Riches by his Valour, being 
 .come to Age, having no tlfue, dedicated all his Subdance to pious U- 
 fes. He founded feveral Abbeys in Italy, Almain, and-(jfm«2^, 'Ordai- 
 ning. that ,ycwi.Af(fH(hould dill be Abbots of them; which was and dill is 
 infomeofthemobferved, according to fhefird Inditution. Aebainsa^- 
 ded.fif««^aj Kingot the P/^Xi (whofeDaughterhe Married) with Ten 
 ithoufandMen under the CommandofhisSon>^//'iK«/, agamdiAthelI:ain. 
 
 U King 
 
rhe H of 
 
 Klngo^ the Englijh. gave hrmfelf very much to Prayer, and dc- 
 
 fired Aid p,f God.againft his Enemies and when he was wearied v^ith 
 Patigue oPBody, and Trouble of Mind, as he lay afleep the ApofUc 
 St. appeared to him, and promifed him Piftory over his Ene- 
 
 mies, which he obtained next Day* Some fay that another Prodigy 
 was feen in the Heavens in the Form of a Crofs like the Letter X, 
 which terrify’d the ^nglijh, that they could not abide the firft Onfet 
 of the PiBs. In this Battle Jthelfiain was (lain, with the raoft Part 
 of his Army. after the Battle dedicated great Gifts to the 
 
 Abihey of St. JKdrew’s. Jehaius Tikd in Peace the 3 2d Year-of his 
 Reign, and was Buried in Icolmkili. 
 
 CO^GALVS II. the 66th King of SCOTL AND. 
 
 C O NG ALV.S, II. Uncle to y/<r^^/«j,fucceeded in the Government in 
 the Year of the World 4789, in the Year of Chrift 819, after the 
 Reign iiApj a good and peaceable Man -. Being at Peace at Home and 
 Abroad, he Died the 5 th Year of his Reign, and was Buried i n Icolmkili. 
 
 D 0 I<G ALL VS of SCOTL AND . 
 
 D ong AL LVS^ the Son of Sohathius, fucceeded in the Year of 
 the World 47^4,m the Year of Chrift 824, after the Reign 1154 
 Years. Tho’ . he fucceeded by the Strength of a Party,, yet the People 
 Were not fatiii'fy/d, bedajife-./#/A^«K^ the Sou of was their law- 
 
 ful King by the pineal pefeent ; and alfo'the Cfoivii of the PiBs fal- 
 ling to.him,as being t-heSbn oiFergufiaHaAlDaughttv to Hungns King 
 of the PiAs'j andalfthe Male Stock of the PiBs being ExtinO, Con. 
 
 perceiving the Inclin^ttdhs of the People, was preparing an Ar- 
 my to maintain hi? ?bfefiotT, but ip' the m.kift of his Preparations he 
 was Drowned pafling,bverthe:Ri^erJ'/5^ itia fmall VelTel, in t.he 7th 
 Year of his Reig<n, and was '"^ntdAtiTcofmkili. 
 
 ALPINVS the 68th King of SCOTLAND. 
 
 A LPINVS^ the Son of Acb^jus, began his. Reign in the Year ot 
 the World 4S01, in the Year of Chrift 731, after the Reign 
 1161 ; a good valiant Prince. He Claimed the Crown of thePiBs, by 
 his before-mentioned Title; hut Trederethus ov Frederick, took Poflef- 
 Ilon of the Crown, and was flain in Battle by Alpin, Keneth the Bro- 
 ther 
 
SCOTLAND: 
 
 ther of Frederick fucceeded him, and was Defeated in Battle by 
 and flying for Shelter, was flainby a Countryman. The Pills gave their 
 Crown to Brudus, who fent Ambaffadors lo Alpine^ deflring Peace, but 
 he refufed, anfwcring. He wan'd make no Peace until they gave him their 
 Crown, which was his undoubted Right by Birth, This Denial enraged 
 the Pills, fo that they contrived to effefl by Stratagem what they 
 could not do by Strength of Arms. They brought their Army near 
 Dunked, and placed their Baggage. Men and Women (whom thc-y 
 had clad with Garbs appearing like Armour, and Arms on them) in a 
 Wood, with a hundred Horfemen to guide them to appear as foon as 
 the Armies were joyn’d in Battle. King Alpine was in a Caflle, fcitu- 
 ate on a Hill near Dunked, and feeing the Pills Army advance, drew 
 out his Army oi Scots, and Attacked, and almoft Defeated them, after 
 a (harp and bloody Conflift; but thole People before-mentioned put 
 in the Wood, appearing near on a Hill, the Scots Army being fatigu’d, 
 and believing them to be a frefh Army of Pills, retiring to put them- 
 felves in a Pofture of Defence, was purfued by the Pills, who took Al- 
 pine with feveral of the Scots Nobility, and moft inhumanly Behead- 
 ed him. The Place of this bafe Aft was after called from that Faft, 
 Bas Alpine, (i. e.) The Death of AXy^ine. His Body was Buried mlcolm- 
 kid. He Reigned Three Years. 
 
 K'ENETHVS II. the ^^th King of SCOTLAND. 
 
 K E N E T H V S II. the Son of Alpine, fucceeded in 
 the Year of the World 4So4, in the Year of Chrift i34, 
 atter the Reign ii64l a good valiant Prince. He Married the Daugh- 
 ter ot Donald oi the Kies, who bare to him Three Sons; He Routed 
 the PiUsxvi a Battle, and their King Died foon after of Grief, 
 
 and was fucceeded by Druskenus his Brother, Keneth remembringthe 
 Murder of his Father, Summoned the Nobility to appear, and being 
 Convened, he (hewed them the Defire he had to Revenge his Father’s 
 Death ; but fome of the Nobles delired War might be delay’d until the 
 Children of thofe who were (lain in the lateWars,might come toAge.But 
 the King unwilling to defer his Defigns, contrived a Stratagem to per- 
 fwade them, which he did in the following Manner; He Invited the No- 
 bles to a Banquet, and feafted them fumptuoufly, and when they had 
 Drank fufficientiy, they went to Reft, being late in the Night, the 
 King caufed a young Man to cover himfelf over with Fifti Skins, and 
 a Club of Mufcan-Tree in one Hand, and a Bugle Horn, through which 
 
 he 
 
Tthe HlSrO^Tof 
 
 he fpoke as he went into all the fcveral Appartments of the King and 
 Mobles; they being pretty well Dozed with Liquor, believed him to 
 be an Angel fent from Heaven ; and the Words he fpoke thorough the 
 Tub or Bugle-Horn feeming more Auguft than a Humane Voice, and 
 theFifliSkinsglancingin the Dark, grounded theirBclief. Hedeclared, 
 He was fent to tell the Prince and People^ if they would then attempt it^ 
 they Jhould Totally Defiroy the Bids for Ever; and what Confirm- 
 ed their Belief, was, he fuddenly flipt off his Fifli Skins, and the Light 
 Evaniflied fuddainly ; and he got fwiftly out at a back Door being pre- 
 pared for the Purpofe; which Stratagem fucceded according to the 
 King’s Defign and Wiflies; the Nobles being more forward than the 
 King, by the Imaginary Vifions all the People Immediately met the 
 King’ at the Place appointed, and in one Day Fought Seven Battles 
 upon the Bank of the River Tay^ near Scoon, and obtained a Compleat 
 Viftory over the PiUs, having Killed their King, all the Nobility and 
 People, Men, and Women and Children; thole remaining of them 
 fled into Engla?id. They abandoned their Kingdom in Scotland Qnt'wz- 
 ly and Keneth took Poffeffion of all their Garrifons and ftrong Holds, 
 and Demolitlied the Chief City of in the Fifth Year of his 
 
 keign. Having Expell’d the PiBs, and Enlarged the Kingdom from 
 tht croadeslo Adrian's WaH, he Inftituted many good Laws, which 
 Remains to this Day. He brought the Fatal Marble Chair from Ar- 
 gyle (where it Remained from the time it came from* and pla- 
 ce’d it in Scoon, a Town on the River Tay^ in a Caife or Carriage of 
 Wood where it Remained, till the Days ofjBc/ip^ri the firft of 
 Kenethus Divided the Kingdom of the among his Soldiers, from 
 Buchan on t\\Q North Part, to Dunbar \n Eafi Lothian^ including the 
 Shkes of Buchan, Bamft, Aberdeen, Merns, Angus, Fife,Kinrofs, StriviU 
 ling- and the Lothians. He Died in the 2Qth Year of his Reign (ha- 
 viiig lived 15 Years peaceably after Deftroying the Pif?/,) and .was Bu- 
 ried in IcoUnkill. 
 
 DONALDVS V. the 70th King of 
 
 D Q NALDVS V. Brother to Kenethus \ 1 . fucceeded in the Year 
 of the World 4824, in the Year of Chrift 854, after the Begin- 
 ning p-f the Reign of Scotland 1 184 . Tn his Reign Osbred and Ella, two 
 great Princes of England, pretending to Repoffefs the Pi^s, entred 
 Scotland with a great Army of Englijh Britains and P/f^-j, but were 
 Overthrown by Donald in a Battle at fedborough; hntDonald the 
 
 Viftor.y 
 
SCOTLAND. 
 
 Viftory gave himfelf to Luxury and Sloath, infomuch' that it difcou- 
 raged the People^ and Osbred took that Opportunity, and entered 
 land, 3 .nd flew Twenty thoufand before they could gather to an 
 Army; by which the poflefled thcmfelves of all that Part of 
 
 Scotland lying to the South of Severus's Wall. Having Stirling in their 
 Pofleflion, ’tis faid, xhd.t Osbredus Coined Money in the Gaftlc-of Stir- 
 ling^ which firfl: gave the Name of Sterling Money. The Englijh and 
 Britains divided the Lands between them, without giving any PoffeL 
 fion to the as they at firft pretended. Being thus eluded, they 
 paflcd over to Denmark and Norway. Donaldus making Peace with the 
 Englijh, repented him of his former vitious Life, and was honourably 
 efteemed by the Nobles, who before haddeTpifed him. He Died peacCi- 
 bly in the Fifth Tear of his Reign, and was Buried in Jcolmkili. 
 
 CONSTJNTINVS IL the 71ft King of SCOfLAND.^ 
 
 C O N S T A N T I N U S IL the Son of Kenethus !I. was Crowned 
 in Scoon, and fucceeded in the Year of the World 48 3 o, in the 
 Year of Chrift 860, after the Reign 1190; a valiant and good Prince. 
 He married the Daughter of the Prince Wales. He inftituted feve- 
 ral good Laws, and repreffed the Vices inCutfom in the former Reign. 
 In his Reign Hube, Brother to the Danijh King, landed an Army of 
 Danes in Fife, and ufed great Cruelty among the People of the Coun- 
 try. Adrian, Bifliop, with many Religious Perfons, fled to the Ifle of 
 May, and were there mod cruelly tortured by the raercilefs Danes yCou~ 
 fiantinus cameagainft them with a great Army, and overcame them, 
 and put many of them to Flight, purfuing and killing ^hem : But by 
 the Deceit of the who were hired in Conjiantin-us's Army, in a 
 Second Battle the Danes took Conjiantine Prifoner, and moft barba- 
 roufly Murdered him, in the Fifth Year of his Reign. He was Buried 
 in IcolmkiU, 
 
 ETBVS the y2d King of SCOTLAND. 
 
 E THVS, Sirnaraed the Swift, thzSon Co nfi ant inus IL fucceeded 
 in the Year of the World 4845 , in the Year of Chrift 875, after 
 the Reign 1025. In the Beginning of his Reign were feen (amongfl 
 other Prodigies which appeared) Sea Moafters, called by theCommoti 
 People, Monachi Marini, (i. e. Sea Monks,) others call them Bajfineti^ 
 Qi. e. Hooded Qt Helmeted Fijhes) which Monfters always prefage fome 
 
 X m 
 
54 The HlSrO^ of 
 
 ill Luck to the Prince or People. Etbiu giving himfelf up to the Ma- 
 nagement of Licentious young Perfons; was defpifed by the Nobles, 
 being Confin’d by them under Guards. He Died of Grief in the Se- 
 cond Year of his Reign, and was Buried in IcolmkiO. 
 
 GREGORIVS the y 3 d King o( SCOTLAND. 
 
 G reg 0 RIV S called the Great, the Son of Dongallus^ fucceeded 
 in the Year of the World 4847 , in the Year of Chrift 877, af- 
 ter the Reign of Scotland 1207; a Prince of a truly Royal Spirit, en- 
 dued with every Virtue requifite to compleat a Monarch. He fo tem- 
 pered the Severities of the Government with Affability, that he got 
 the Command of his Subjefts more by Love than by Fear. He obtai- 
 ned a great Viftory over the Danes and Britains, and recovered all the 
 Lands loft by Donaldus V. as alfo Northumberland, Cumberland, and 
 Weftmorland, which .being formerly poflefs’d by his Anceftors, he 
 retook from the Brftains and Englijh ; and Alfred King of England 
 fent his Ambalfadors to defire Peace of Gregory, which he granted, on 
 Condition the aforefaid Lands fiiould be Confirmed to him and his 
 Succeflbrs, which Alfred did. At that Time feveral Parties of Irijh 
 Men came over to the next Parts of Scotland to that Nation, and plun- 
 dered feveral Places, which made the King gather an Army and pur- 
 lue them, and took Shipping and Landed h\ Ireland. He firft over- 
 came Brenius . and Cornelius {two Princes of.that Nation) at the River 
 B'oyne, and took Dundalk .and Drogheda, he after came to Dublin, 
 whicli he Befieged and took; yet though he had Pow'er to difpofe of 
 the Crown of Ireland, he remembring the Relation of their Ance- 
 ilors, undertook to proteft Donachus the King o{ Ireland (who wasa 
 Minor) and.in Danger by the Competition of the contending. Prin- 
 ces, having made the Nobility Swear an Oath to him, ThM they would 
 never adrnit an Englilh, Britain or Dane, {without his Permiffion) into 
 Ireland. He appointed Judges in the feveral Parts of theCountryto 
 Decide Matters of Controverfy betwixt Man and Man. He retur- 
 ned to Scotland in Triumph, having accomodated Matters atHomeand 
 Abroad. He built the City of Aberdeen. He Reigned Forty Years,and 
 Died in l\ace, and was Buried in kolmkid. 
 
 DONALDVS VI. the 74th YC\t\go{ SCOT L AND. 
 
 D on ALDVS VI. the Son of Conjbantinus II. fucceeded in the 
 Year of the World 4865, in the Year of Chrift Spy, after the 
 
 Reign 
 
Reign ii35. He was a very prudent Prince : By his good Conduft he 
 vpernted many Di lorders which were like to difturfa the Peace and 
 Quiet of his Subjefts. He aflifted^//re(iKing of tbe£H^//yZ?againftthe 
 Banes^ and obtained the Viftory; but Alfred admitted the Danes to 
 poffefs’a Part of his Dominions, on Condition they would embrace the 
 Chriftian Religion. In his Reign the i?o/jr Men, and thofe of Merns^ 
 continued for fomc Time Mortal Enemies to one another, commit- 
 ting feveral Robberies in both the Countries. Donald Marched thi- 
 ther and piiniflied the Heads of the Faftion ; which gave Peace to the 
 reft.^HeDied the Eleventh Year of his Reign, and was Buried in 
 IcolmkiU. His Memory was precious to both Rich and Poor. 
 
 ConsrAmiNVSXW. the 75th King of 
 
 C ONST AN TINUS III._ the Son of Ethus^ fucceeded in the 
 Year of the World 4876, in the Year of Chrift po6, after the 
 Reign 1246; a good pious Prince, but unfortunate in War. Heafli- 
 fted the Englijh againft the Danes. He pay’d all due Refpeft to Malcolm 
 the Son of the Lawful Heir of the Crown, and gave him 
 
 the Command of the Army. He Refigned the Crown to Malcolm the 
 38th Year of his Reign, and betook himfelf to a Retired Religious 
 Life with the Guides (i. e. certain Monks or Hermits living in Cells) 
 in the Monaftry of St. Andrews. He Died the Second Year after he 
 Refigned the Crown, and was Buried in IcolmkiU. 
 
 Here tht Englip Writers (who are profufe enough in their own 
 Praifes) do affirm, that Athelflaine was Monarch of all the Iflc o{ Bri- 
 tain; they falfly alledged, that the King oi Scotland took an Oath of 
 Fidelity to him, yet cannot produce the Atteftation of any famous or 
 creditable Author, but fome ignobleE»^//)^ Authors who were as rea> 
 dy to hand by a Lie as they were willing to invent it. Some of them 
 Quots Marianus Scotus^ who was indeed an illuftrious Writer ; but 
 there is nothing of what they alledge mentioned in that Edition of 
 Marianus^ which was Printed in Germany. Thofe who have introduced 
 that Story, do not underftand their own Authors ; they do not take 
 Notice that Bfi?, William oi Malmsbury^?Lndi Geofery of Monmouth, do 
 commonly call that only mtkin Adrian's Britain, the Britains 
 Dominions having never extended further than the Wall of Severus, 
 being the fartheft Romans, Britains, ov Englip, could 
 
 make in Albion. 
 
 HAL. 
 
5 ^ HlSTO^Tof 
 
 MALCOLMl. the 76th King of SCOTLAND. 
 
 M ALCO LM\. the Son of “Donald VI. began his Reign in the 
 Year of the World 4.9i4, in the Year of Chrift p 44 , after the 
 Reign 1284; a good valiant Prince. He recovered PolTeflion of C«w- 
 berlandj Weftmorland, and Northumberland the King of England con- 
 firmed the fame to Malcolm on Conditions of fending him Affifiance 
 againll the Danes, whicn he didi Malcolm wentinPerfon with Ten 
 thoafand 5 cofj,and overthrew the Danes. He returned to Scotland, and 
 lived peaceably, executing Juftice againft all Offenders. He vifited all 
 the Courts of Juftice over Scotland once every Two Years; and when 
 he was punidiing Criminals in Mnrrayland he was Murdered by Ruf- 
 fians who were put to feveralexquifite Deaths,according to every ones 
 Share of Demerit in committing the Parracide. He was Murdered in 
 the Ninth Year of his Reign, , and was Buried in IcolmkiU. 
 
 INDULFUS the 77th King of SCOTLAND. 
 
 I NDULFUS the Sen of III. fucceeded in the Y’ear of 
 
 th« World 492 3 , in the Year ofChriff 953, after the Reign 1293 ; 
 a valiant Prince. The Danes t-a\di\g it amifsthatthe King oi Scot- 
 land fiiould prefer the King oiEngland in Alliance to them, came with 
 a Navy of Fifty Ships to t\\z Firth Forth, under the Command of 
 Hago and Helricus, but were upon their Landing overthrown in Bat- 
 tle, and purfued to their Ships; but the King having put off his Ar- 
 mour to eafe himfelf in the Purfuit, was flain by an Arrow from one 
 of the Ships. He was (lain the Ninth Year of his Reign, andwasBu- 
 ried in IcolmkiU, 
 
 D U F.F U S the 78th King of S C O T L A N D. 
 
 D UFF US the Son oi Malcolm 1 . fucceeded in the Year of the 
 World 4932 , in the Year of Chriff g6i, after tlie Reign 1 3 o 2 ; 
 a good Prince, and a fevere Judicial'. He made Culenus the Son of 
 Indulfus, Governour of Cumberland, Weftmorland, and Northumber- 
 land, and fent him to the ^bude to punidi fcveral Robbers who plun- 
 dered the Inhabitants ofthelfies. Whilft the King was putting the 
 Laws in Execution againll Criminals, be was feized with an unufual 
 Difeafe, whereby he by Degrees grew ftill weaker, without any Pain, 
 but perpetual Sweating; at lad it was by fome Perfons whifpered,that 
 
S COT L A ND. 
 
 the Difeafe was occafioned by Witchcraft ; a narrow Search being 
 made over the Kingdom, and it was Reported, that there were Night- 
 AlTemblies of Witches in Ferrefs in the Shire of Murray : The Way 
 of the Difeovery was, a fooliih, Girl, whofe Mother and Aunt were 
 fufpeded Witches, told fomething concerning the King’s Sicknefs, 
 and that he would foon Die, (among the Servants of Donald’ Goytv- 
 -nor of the Caftle of Forrefs) which being told. Soldiers were fent to 
 the Houfe, where they found the Witches Roafting the King’s ‘Ti- 
 fture made of Wax at a foft-Fire: Their Defign was, that as the Wax 
 did leafurely melt, fo the King migt diffolve into a Sweat, and pine 
 away by Degrees; and when the Wax was confumed, he might Die. 
 The Soldiers having broken the Pidure, the King immediately reco- 
 vered his Health and Strength. This I deliver as I find it Recorded 
 by other Writers, but will not offer to affirm it for Truth. The King 
 afterwards purfuing and executing violent Robbers, as far as the Shires 
 of Caithnefs^ returned to Murray^ and having ordered feme Robbers 
 to be Executed at -Farre/j, among whom were fome Friends of the 
 above-named Donald the Governor; The King having refufed to par- 
 don them at the Requeft oiDonald ; the WidDonald to Revenge him- 
 felf. Murdered the King in the Caftle, whereof he was Governor, and 
 had the Body conveyed to a River and Buried in the midft thereof; 
 and it is alledged the River ffiopt it’s ordinary Gourfe where the King 
 was Buried, which difeovered the Grave; and when the Body was 
 taken up, and, as is ufual, every one fufpefted was obliged to lay 
 their Hands upon the Corps, and when it was touched by Domld^ the 
 Wounds bled afrefli, whereupon Dow/i/i with his Wife (who had ad- 
 vifed him to Commit the Murder) and the Ruffians employ’d by him, 
 were feverely Tormented to Death, by theCommand oi Culenus Ge- 
 \ neral of the King’s Army. Thus this good King was moft inhuman- 
 ly Murdered in the Flower of his Age, after he had Reigned near 
 Five Years. His Corps was carried to Icolmkill^ and Buried with his 
 Anceftors. 
 
 CULENUS theypthKing of SCOTLAND. 
 
 I ,/^ULENUS the Son of Indulfus, fucceeded in the Year of the 
 ' World 49^6, in the Year of Chrift 966, after the Reign izgOo 
 
 * At his Acceffion to the Crown, he took due Care to punifli the Mur- 
 ! derers of King ; and appeared to be a well difpofed Prince: 
 
 ; foon after ga-ve himfelf up to Vice and Debauchery, he was (by 
 
 Y one 
 
 I 
 
58 The HTSTom^of^ 
 
 one Rudaruf Thane of Methven^ whofe Daughter be had Ravilhed) ' 
 Slain atMethven a Village near Perth/m the Fourth Year of his Reign, , | 
 and was Buried in IcolmkiU. |j 
 
 KENETH III. the 8oth King of SCOTLAND. j 
 
 K ENETH III. the Brother of Dujfus, fucceeded in the Year of 
 the World 49-^0, in the Year of Chriftp70, after the Reign i 3 oo 
 Years. He was very careful to reform the Manners of the younger l|i 
 Sort of People who were Corrupted by the evil Courfes of Culeniis.Ylt ij 
 puniflied all Offenders with the utmoft Juftice and Severity, accord- j 
 ing to their Demerits. He hanged in Chains near 500 notable Rob- | 
 bers and Thieves to terrify others from fuch evil Praftices. ThtDams 
 with a great Fleet of Ships arrived at the Mouth of the River Eske^ 
 and dcflroyed the Town of Mountrofs, and flaughtered all the Inha- ] 
 bitants without Diftinftion of Age or Sex. They made Defolation 0- 
 ver all Angus^ even to the River Tay* The King being advertis’d there- 
 of at Stirling^ Marched fpeedily againft them, but had not Time to get 
 a fafScient Number together. He gave Battle to theD^«w, and fought 
 valiantly, many being (lain on both Sides. Thz Danes gave out through I; 
 their whole Camp, that no Man muft ever hope to Return again to |! 
 their Camp, unlefs as Conqueror; which made them fall on the .Jrari- 
 lb furioudy, that both their Wings gave Way. That- Day had cer- |: 
 tainly proved KwmowSi 10 Scotland^ unlefs Aid had been offered by one ' 
 Man, fent as it were from Heaven in fo dangerous a Pofture of Affairs. 
 There was a Country-Man named his Two Sons,^ plowing I 
 
 in the Fields, over which the i’rorj’ that fled were making. their Way, 
 the Father told his Two Sons, That it would be- better for them to j 
 Die bravely, than lurvive the Ruin of their Country by the cruel 1 
 
 They Three took the Yokes of the I’iow, and being able Body’d Men 
 and flout, they flood in a narrow Pafs where Scots fled, and threat- ! 
 ned Death to any that would fly when all lay at Stake., The morel^a- 
 iflardiy made a Halt, and the Stouter, who fled more for Company than 
 Fear, flopped; and when they were a Number of them returned, I 
 leading them on, made a furious Onfet, crying aloud. Help was at 
 H^d, which made the Danes believe a frefli Army of Scots was falling 
 on them. The Danes were totally Routed at a Village in Angus, cal- 
 led When the Conquerors were dividing the Spoil of the 
 
 Field, the Name of was in every ones Month ; to him they aferi- 
 bed the VUfory, the Honour of that Day, and their own Lives. 
 
 When 
 
SCOTLAND: 
 
 Wl3en he was brought to the King he fpoke very modeftly of himfelf, 
 and when rich Garments were offered him and his Sons, that they 
 might be the more taken Notice of, he refufed them, and only wiped 
 away the Duftoflf his Coat, which he ufually wore every Day, and car- 
 ried the Yoke which he had ufed in the Fight, As he entered 
 he had all the Shouts and Acclamations of Praifes ; and the next Af- 
 fembly held at Scoon^ the King rewarded him and his Sons with as much 
 Land in the fruitfulleft Part of the Country, as a Falcon off a Man’s 
 Hand flew over, untilihc lighted at a Place call’d the Falcon Stone ^v^\\k]\ 
 was Six Miles in Length, and Four in Breadth, lying on the River T/jy 
 now called Errol. He was the firft of the Name of Hay^ of whom is 
 Defcended the Earls of Errol^ who poffefs the faid Lands to this Day, 
 and of their Family are Dsfeended many opulent Branches. And the 
 King to promote him and his Sons from the Rank of the Plebeians to 
 the Order of the Nobility, afligned them a Coat of Arms, viz. Argent 
 Three Scutcheons Gules; w^hich is theEarl of Prro/’s Coat to this Day, 
 After this Battle Peace Teemed to be fettled for many Years ; but one 
 Carthelinthut^ the Son of Finella the Lady of Fittercarn^ made Tome 
 Difturbance, but was by the King Apprehended and Executed. Malcolm 
 the Son of King Da/wr being then Governor of Cumberland, and the 
 lawful Heir of the Crown; a Prince of moft Excellent Endowments, 
 and generally beloved of the People, which made Keneth jealous of his 
 fucceeding before his own Son ; therefore to make his Son Pure he gave 
 Poifon fecretly to Malcolm, which ended the Days of that bright Prince, 
 whofe Death was very much lamented by every one. The real Caufe 
 thereof not being fufpefted, the King appeared as much troubled as a- 
 ny one at his Death, andcaufed him to be honourably interr’d with the 
 greateft Pomp and Grandeur according to his Birth. But many of the 
 Nobles Toon found outReafonsto fufpc^l: Ktneth ; but his outward Shew 
 of Sanftity made them forbear to fpeak of it. The Nobility confidering 
 the inhumane Prafticcs of the Vncles againft the Nephevos, or next law- 
 ful Heirs, during the Government, appiyed to Keneth to Abrogate the 
 old Law made in the Reign of Fritharis the Second King of Scotland, 
 and to Enaft : That for the future the next immediate Heir {according 
 to the Proximity of Blood) fhould fucceed of whatever ^ge, and have Guar, 
 dians or Regents aligned them, until they were of per/e fi Jge. To which 
 Keneth willingly confented, with Hopes that his Pofterity fliould fuc- 
 ceed, therefore with Confent of the Reprefentatives of the Peo- 
 ple, Convened and Enafted it. ift* That upon the King's Death the 
 next Heir of whatfoevtr jige^ fhould fucceed. 2 dly, That the Grand-Child 
 
 hj 
 
6o 
 
 The HlSrO^Tof 
 
 by either Son or Daughter Jhould fucceed the Grandfather. 3dly, That 
 when the King was under Jge^ fome wife Man Eminent for Interejl and 
 Power., jhould be chofen to Govern and Adminijirate Juflice in the King^s 
 ftead untiU he came to Fourteen Tears of Age and then he had Liberty to 
 Choofe Minifiers and Officers and Enter into the free Government him^ 
 felf: Thofe Laws aneiit Succeffion, as well for the Subjefts as the So- 
 
 vereign, being Enafted, Keneth calling to Mind the Murder of his 
 Nephew, was very much dejefted in his Spirit; and ’tis Reported, 
 that he heard a Voice from Heaven in his Sleep, exprcffing thofe 
 Words : Doji thou think that the Murder of Malcolm an innocent Prince.^ 
 is unknown to me^ or that thou fhalt go unpunifo'd for the fame} Nay^ 
 There are Plots laid for thy Life., ndoicb thou cannot jkun. The King be- 
 ing Terrify’d by this dreadful Apparition, haftened to a Bifliop, and 
 confeflcd his Offences ; being very penitent, he went to the Grave of 
 Palladius in the Merns to perform Religious Vows. In his Return 
 he went to fee theCaftleof Fittercarn., where E/'»e//4, the Mother of 
 Carthilinthus htfovQ-mentioned, dwelt, and was by an Arrow (out of a 
 Secret Engine prepared by Finella) fliot thorough the Body, in the 
 Twenty ninth Year of his Reign, and was Buried in Icolmkid. 
 
 CONSTANTINE the IV. the Sift King oi SCOTLAND, 
 
 C O NSTANTINE IV. Sirnamed the Bald^ the Son of .Culenus^ 
 fucceeded in the Year of the World 4p<54, in the Year of Chrift 
 994, after the Reign i324. Upon the Death of Kenethus^ Conjian- 
 tine got many Friends among the Nobles, and got himfelf Crowned 
 King zlScoon., while Malcolm the Son of Keneth was bufy about his 
 Father’s Funeral, Malcolm finding Conjiantine in Polfcffion of the 
 Crown, went with Affiftance to the Englijh againft the Danes, and 
 left his* Baftard-Brother to oblerve the Motions of Conflan- 
 
 tine, and with a Party of Malcolm's Ftiends, gave ’Battle to Con. 
 Jiantine at the River Almon, where a great Slaughter was made o.. 
 both fides, and Conjiantine znd Kenneth meeting in Battle, flew one 
 another in the 2d Year of the Reign of Conjiantine. He was bu- 
 ried at Icolmkid, 
 
 G R I M U S the 82d King of S C O T L A N D. 
 
 G R I MV S, thz Son of Duffus, fucceeded in the Year of the 
 World 4o55, in the Year of Chrift 996, after the Reign 
 
 ■I 3.2(5. 
 
SCOTLAND. 5 1 
 
 i? 25. He was Proclaimed at and having many things in him 
 very Atraftive of the People, befides the Right he had as the Bro- 
 ther of Malcolm^ who was poyfoned by Keneth^ he managed Matters 
 with great Prudence and Diligence, fo that Malcolm the Son of 
 Keneth, having but a fmall Party durft not contend for the Crown : 
 The Friends oi Grimus and Mj/co/w concluded an Agreement between 
 them: That Grimus (liould continue King, and Malcolm fliould have 
 that Part of the Kingdom between Severus's Wall and England ; but 
 Grimus having broken that Agreement, and by his bad Cop dud, of- 
 fended many of the Nobility, they complained to Malcolm who was 
 then bufy helping the Englifh againft the Danes. Upon Afcenfion 
 D^y-Grimus and Malcolm, with their Parties, Fought a Defperate 
 Battle, wherein Grimus w'as 'flain in the 8th Year of his Reign, and 
 was Buried in Icolmkill. 
 
 M A L C O L M II. the 83d King of SCOTLAND. 
 
 M A L C O L M II. the Son of Kenethus III. fucceeded in the 
 Year of the World 4p74, in the Yearot Chrift ioo4, after 
 the Reign i 3 34. In the Beginning of his Reign he was at very 
 great Pains to repair the Diforders of the two former Reigns, 
 
 Barr old Kingof theD4»e/ being Overcome, taken Prifoner, and 
 Ranfomed from the Vandals, fought Aid from King of xht Scan^ 
 dians, and from Edward King of England, but in vain. He was Bani- 
 (hed from home, and came into Scotland, and being Converted to Chri- 
 ftianity, he received Afliftance there, and fo returned to his own‘Coun- 
 try, Soon after he paffed over with a great Army againft the Englilb, 
 and obtained Victory over them; Malcolm fentAid to the£«^/iy^,whowere 
 alfo overthrown by the Dams , and the Dams to Revenge themfelves, 
 fent over Olaus King of Scandia, and Enecus, General of the Danes, to 
 Scotland, with a great Army, and Ravaged and Plundered all from the 
 North unto Murray. Malcolm with a fmall Army Marched againft them 
 to ftop their Career until his Forces came up ; but being unable to fuf- 
 fer their Cruelty, gave them Battle, where the King was wounded and 
 his Army obliged to returrr. The having Fortified feveral Ca- 
 files in Murray, among which the Gaftle of Nairn, w'as the Chief. 
 Soon after King Malcolm with his Army gave Battle to the Danes 
 3richan\n Angus, where Camus the Danijh General, was flain (there 
 is an Obliske there to be feen to this Day, called Camus Crofs) and all 
 ihc Danes were totally defeated. The Scots after that purfued and 
 deftroyed them entirely, that none was left in Scotland. 1 think pro- 
 per to take Notice, that the Noble Family of the Earl Marihal De- 
 
 Z fcend.ed 
 
6z The ms'to^r of 
 
 fcended from a valiant Man, who having Signalized his Courage and 
 Conduft in this Battle, was Rewarded with the Barony Keith in 
 Lothian'y from whence his Pofterity took their Name of Keith^ and 
 was alfo Dignified with the Hereditary Title and Office of Marffialof 
 Seotland\ which Office hasever fince Remained Hereditary to that Fa- 
 mily. King Malcolm after this Battle repair’d the Ancient City of A~ 
 berdeen^ formerly Called Murthlack. Sueno King ot the Danes^ fent a- 
 nother Army to Scotland^ which Malcolm gave Battle to, and 
 obtained the Victory over them ; But with fuch (laughter that he was 
 willing to let the few Surviving the Battle, Departtotheirown 
 Country, on Condition, That they with their General C&untus the Son of 
 Sueno, fioould oblige themfelves that they Jhouid never raife War againji 
 the Scots. Which they a greed to, and Departed. Peace being fettled, 
 he Executed Juftice with the Utmoft Severity. He was Murdered in 
 the Caftle of Glames in the Night, by the Friends of fome Pcrfons who 
 were jufily Executed, in the 3 oth Year of his Reign, and was Buried 
 in IcolmkilL The Murderers fled in the Night, and w'ere Drowned in 
 a Loch near Farfar, a-s they were paffing over the Ice, which broke 
 under them. Their Bodies lay Undifcovered for fomeiime, by Rea Ton 
 of the Ice; but when a Thaw came, they were found, and Hung in 
 Gibbets in the High-Ways, there to Rot, for a Terror to theLiving. - a 
 Malcolm was married to the Duke Normandy' s Daughter, by whom 
 iie had two Daughters; the Eldeft Called Beatrix^ he Married to 
 Crimiis Than of the Ifles, and the neareft Heir to the Crown ' 
 
 -of the Royal-Blood, who begat Donald who fucceeded Malcolm. The 
 Paid Grimtis w;is S tyled Abthane or the Chief of all the Thanes ; the o- 
 ther Daughter, Named Dowada, ov Doaca^ w'as Married to the T/.’///;? 
 
 <S)i Angus ^ to whom fine bare who (hall be mentioned in his Place, 
 
 DONALD VII. the 84th King of S C O T L A N D. 
 
 feONALD the 84 th King of Scotland. Donald by fome Called Bun- 
 can^ xht Grmdiifon of Malcolm W. by his Daughter fuc- 
 
 ceeded in the Year of Chrift io 34 , after the Reign of Scotland 1264, a 
 Princeof a Mild and Courteous Difpofition. He Adminifired Juftice 
 with great Equity, and Every Year vifited the feveral Parts of the whole 
 Kingdom to hear the Complaints of the Poor, and hindred the 
 Great Men from oppreffing the Low ones. In the Beginning of his 
 Kt\%nBanqho lhane of (the Grandfon of was de- 
 
 puted by the King to Execute Juftice among thclflanders.jlewaslnful- 
 
 ted . 
 
SCOTLAND. 53 
 
 ttd and wounded by a Party Raifed and Commanded by one Macdual 
 of Lorn, who Inticed many Irijh to joyn his Party, in Hopes of Suc- 
 cefsand Preferment; Malcolm one of the prime Nobility wasfentagainft 
 them, but was Overthrown and Beheaded by the Rebels; the King 
 made Macbeth and Banqho Generals and fcntan Army with them againft 
 the Rebels, whom they Overcame in Battle ; Macdual with a fmall 
 party Efcaped Narrowly to a Caftle, and to Shun the Punilhmenthc 
 Deferved, killed himfelf. This Domeftick Sedition was no fooner ap. 
 peafed, but far greater Trouble fucceeded; for Sueno the King ol the 
 Danes Dying left Three Kingdoms to his Three Sons; England to 
 Harrold Norway to Smno (or Swain') and Denmark to Canntus. Harrold 
 Dying, Canutus fucceeded him. Swain fct Sail with a great Army, and 
 Landed in Pi/e in beingfent againft him, they Fought 
 
 a Bloody Battle at Cairo fs, both Parties having fuftaincd greatLofsof 
 Men, without any Certain Viftory ; the afterward brought all 
 
 their Forces, and layed Siege to Perth where Macbeth by Stratagem 
 deft toyed their whole Camp, without any lofs of Men. ThQ Danes being 
 deftituteof Provifions, the Scots havingofferedtofurrender upon Terms, 
 made an Offer of Provifions to the Norwegians which they willingly ac- 
 cepted; they fent them Abundance of Wine and Malt-Liquor, in 
 which was put the JuiceofaPoylonous Herb called Somnifer ions, Higbi- 
 Shade' the which Caufeth any w^ho tafteth of it, tofleep; andafuffici- 
 ent Quantity thereof killcth People by deep. The Enemy having drunk 
 plentifully of it, flept fo fall: that went into their Camp in the 
 
 Night, and Deftroyed almoft their whole [Army. Their King was 
 Carried alleep to his Ship, they no fooner were on Board, but by a 
 Tempeft all their Ships were Deftroyed on a Sand-Bank, Called fince 
 Drumlawfand. Canutus came with another Navy to affift his Brother, 
 and Landed his Men in Kinghorn, but were totally defeated by Banqho, 
 The Tianes having made fo many Unlucky Expeditions into 
 Swore a Solemn Oath never to Return as Enemies thither any more, 
 Macbeth was aMan of a fliarp Wit, and lofty Spirit, and being Natu- 
 rally Ambitious, was by the great Succefs very much lookt upon by all 
 the People, and was farther encouraged in his Ambitious Hopes ot 
 obtaining the Crown ; which he fecretly Entertained by a Prophefy (or 
 as fome alleged a Dream) as he and Banqho were paffing by themfelves 
 through a Wood, Three Womenof furprizingBeauty met them; the Firft 
 M\xt^ Macbeth, faying: Macbeth Thane o/Angus! Thefecond, 
 
 Hail Macbeth Thane of Murray! The Third, Hail Macbeth King of 
 Scotland!, Then turning all Three to Banqho, faid with one Voice Haii 
 
 Banqho ! 
 
^4 HIST 0^°t of 
 
 Banqho ! of thee fhaU come many Kings. He being before Thane oi Angns^ 
 the King to Reward his Great Valour, Created him Thane of Murray', 
 which fulfilled Two of the Prediftions; and to make him felf fureofthe 
 Third, by the Inftigation of hisWife, to whom he had Communicated 
 the Prophefy, invited the King to his Houfeinthc Cafile of 
 and flew him as he lay aflcep in the Night ; the King having two Sons 
 by the Daughterof 5 ’/^»erf, Northumberland M^a/ro/zw^Sirnamcd 
 
 Canmore^ (from the greatnefs of his Head) and Donald^ Sirnamed 
 (i. e.) White ^ Macbeth x\\Q Two Princes of the King’s Death, 
 
 wherebpon Malcolm fled to the Court of England^ and Donald to his 
 Relations in the t^bude Ifles. This good King was thus trairoroufly 
 Murdered in the 6th Year of his Reign, and was Buried inlcolmkill. 
 
 MACBETH the 85th King of SCOTLAND. 
 
 ^)^A C B E T H having thus Murdered the King, llfurped the 
 Crown in the Year of the World 5010, in the Year of Chrift 
 io 4 o, after the Reign iByo Years. The Kings two Sons being fled 
 as aforefaid, he remembred thePrediftion of the Witches to Banqho^ 
 and for fear that he fliould interupt hisSucccflion Refolved to cut him, 
 off. And hisonly Fkance-. Macbeth fent Ruffians, who iound Banqho^ 
 whom they barbaroufly murdered, but Eleance bdng informed there- 
 of fled into and married the Daughter of Griffith Prince of that 
 Country, by whom he had a Son cilhd Walter^ of whom Mention 
 fliall be made of in his Place. Macbeth after the Murder of Banqho 
 opprelTed the Subjefts with the utmofl; Cruelty, and put many of the 
 Nobility to Death without any Caufe, but at laft having defigned 
 to put to Death Macduff. Thane of Fife for being backward in aflifling 
 him to build a ftiong Caflle which he fortified on the top of the 
 .Hill of Dun finnan in Perthjhire: being Informed of the Ufur- 
 
 per’s defigns, recommend the care of his Family to his Wife, and went 
 40 the Court of England^ where he found Royally Entertained 
 
 by ¥Ang Edward^ who was Reftored from his Banifliment; after the 
 ■Power of the Danes were broken An England^ Macduff Reprefented to 
 Malcobnlht Cruelty of the Tyrant Macbeth^ and the Inclinations of the 
 People to have him their lawful King Reftored: That Certainly God’s 
 Favour would attend his Good Defigns againft the Unjuft Ufurper 
 Macbeth : But iV//3/re/w Fearing he hadbeen lent by Macbeth toEnfnare 
 him refolved to try andanfwered him ; Tou Invite me to be your 
 
 ^ing^ without knowing my Tyifpofittion^ for / am Subjeii to fame of thofe 
 ' ’ Vice! 
 
SCOTLAND^ ^ 
 
 Vices tvhicb have deflroyed Kifigs already, viz. Lufi and Avarice, which 
 my private fortune may hide, but the Liberty of d Kingdom wouldgiveway 
 to. I rather make a plain Confeffion to you now, than be found Guilty when 
 it might not be prevented. To that Macduff reply’d ; that a lawful Mar- 
 riage might prevent the Luff andDeftre of many Concubines; and that the 
 riches of the Kingdom of Sc6t\3.nd was Sufficient to Satiate his de fire of 
 Wealth; but, replied Malcolm; I amfoVuconftant my Self, that I cannot 
 keep my Word, nor do I Confide' in the Word of any Man. Then Macduff 
 replyed ; Avaunt thou Prodigy of Nature, and di/grace of thy Royal Stock, 
 worthier to be banifhed to a defart Ifiand, than be Galled to a Vhrone, 
 and turned away in a great Anger. Upon which' Malcolm took him by 
 the Hand, and declared to him the Caufe of his Diffimulation, telling 
 him that he had often been Tryed by the Wiles of Macbeth, and dufft 
 not readily truft any one, but fince he had proved him, and knew ' his 
 Lineage and Fortune, he would put Truft in him, and embrace hi« 
 Offer, and venture his Life to free his Native Kingdom from themer- 
 cilefs Oppreftion of theUfurper Macbeth. King Edward gave Ten thou- 
 fand Mencommanded by Seymore and his Son, to affift Malcolm, with 
 which \\t Qnttttd Scotland, and was every Day joined by his Subjedts, 
 until he had a great Army, with which he Marched to Birnbafn-Wodd 
 near the Caftle of D«»yiH«^ ; and to conceal’their Number from^W; 2 (r- 
 beth, they Cut every Man a Birch Tree*, which covered all their Bo- 
 dies, and vihQn Macbeth (who had but^ fmall Number of-Foroes) was 
 furprifed, he fled to the River Tay; and was fo purfued by Malcolm^ 
 that he was overtaken and Slain in Elcho Park by Macduff. Thus end- 
 ed the bloody, cruel Ufurper, after he had kept the Throne Sevcntecit 
 'Years. 
 
 MALCOLM III. theS^thKing of SCOTLAND. 
 
 M alcolm hi. Simamed the Son oi 'Donald Yll. 
 
 wasreftoredin the Year of the World 5027, in the Year of 
 Chrift 1C57, after the Reign of 1387. At the very Be- 
 
 ginning of his Reign he Convened an Aflcmbly of the Eftates at For- 
 far, and the firft Thing he did was to Reftore every Man Poffeffion 
 of their Eftates, which the Ufurper Macbethlmd taken from them, and 
 according to the Cuftom of other Nations, he created many of the Nobili- 
 ty Earls, Vifeounts, and Barons, or Lords. Macduff was created Earl 
 of Fife, being the firft Earl that was Created in Scotland, and accor- 
 'dingly the other Earls took their Titles from the Names of cettaiti 
 
 A a Lands 
 
m 7"he BIST 0 HIT of 
 
 Lands poffaffed by them. Whilft the King wasat Enaftinggood' 
 
 Laws; the Friends of carried his Son Luthlac- to Scoon^ and- 
 
 were about to Crown him King; But King M<2/eo/w came upon them’ ' 
 and Killed Luthlac, with the Ring-Leaders of the Par^y, and pardo- 
 ned the relf. A Plot was laid againft the King’s Life, but was difcove- 
 red to him, and the chief Contriver ol it ; upon which the King took 
 him abide and told him ; Thou ha(i contrived a Plot againft my Life^ 
 wherefore do(l thou not now fet upon me when I am alone with thee, and- 
 both unarmed, and obtain thy Defire by Valour, and not by Treachery^ 
 Whereupon the Confpirator trembling, fell down and confelTed hisDe- 
 figns, and asked the King’s Pardon, which he freely granted ; which 
 fliewed him a merciful as well as valiant Prince. In his Reign Edgar 
 the lawful Heir of.the Crown England, being BaniHied by William 
 the Conqueror, took Shipping with his Mother (who was the Daugh- 
 ter of the King of Hungary) being bound iov Hungary, was Driven 
 Into Scotland, and landed at the Sea-Port in the River Forth, called 
 ^je?Ps-Ferry : They were kindly received, and Royally. Entertained 
 by Malcolm, who Married Margaret elded Sifter, to the faid Edgar, , 
 The Normans thinking to make a Conqueft of Scotland as well as Eng- 
 la?id, proceeded lo far as Northumberland, but was Pt.,epulfed by Malcolm 
 who obliged him to give large Poflleffions to Edgar, and alfo made good ; 
 the antient Right of Cumberland,. Weftm.orland, and Northumberland, to 
 the Crown o^: Scotland. Walter thzSon of Fleance, SonofA.^»^^o, came- i 
 into and was favourably received by the King, and foon af- ! 
 
 ter having by his^great Valour defeated the Men of Murray ,Rofs and | 
 Caithnefs, who nkn in Arms, the faid Walter, by the King |i 
 Created Lord High Steward of Scotland; from the Name of which 
 Office derived the Royal Sir-Name of STEWART; of whichiftiall 
 fpeak with due Regard Jn their Places. . Af^/r,o///2 having. by great Va- 
 lour and Induftry pacified all Sedition and Difturbance in the Nation, 
 and Enadted many good Law's ; and at theDeftre of his Queen 
 garet, he abrogated the wicked Law of Evsnus III. whereby the No- 
 bles and Heritors had the Priviledge to Lye the firft Night with any 
 Married Bride of their Vaffals or Tenants Daughters. Inftead of 
 which Queen Margaret Ordain’d: 1 hat the Husband (hould redeem it 
 by paying a half Mark of Silver. Which Payment is yet caWtd Marche- 
 ta Miilierunu ThkQtsotn Margaret was placed in the Catalogue of 
 Saints by Pope Clement X. and is named Titular Patronefs of Scotland. 
 [See Tenth Day of June in the. Roman Catalogue of Saints.] Shewas 
 a-yery Religious Queen, and bare unto King Six Sms; Edward 
 
 Prince ^ 
 
• S G O' T b A N D. Sj 
 
 Prince of Scotland], Edmnnd^ Etheldred, Edgar^ Alexander^ and David 
 and Two Maltilda ox. Maud, called the whowasMar- 
 
 ried to Henry \. Sirnaiiied Beauclare^ King of England. Of her Virtue 
 there is yet extaat an Epigram: 
 
 Profpcrity rejoycM her not, to her Grief was no Pain, 
 Profperity fear’A her moft, Affliftion was her Gain. 
 
 Her Beauty was no Caufe of'Fall, in Royal State not proud, 
 Humble alone in Dignity, in Beauty only good. 
 
 She founded the Church of Carlijle. The other Daughter Mary 
 was Married to Euftace Sovereign Prince of Bologne. 
 
 VfiUiam Rujfus having declared War againft the Scots., and furprized 
 the Caftle of Alnwick in Northumberland, Malcolrh with his Son Ed- 
 ward went thither and laid Siege to it ; fome Days after the were 
 
 willing to furrcnder,andfentoneif(?^(?rr Mowbreyto deliver the Keys of 
 the Caftle to King offering them on the Point of a Lance, 
 
 run him into the Eye, an.d killed him, for which ignoble Afl he was 
 called Pierceye,, (of. him Defcended- the Earls of 'Northumberland) Ed- 
 ward the King’s cldeft' Son: being enraged at the treacherous Murder 
 of his Father, felf upon the Enemy without Regard to his Safety, and ^ 
 thereby loft his Life. The 'iycorr 'being fo much afffifted at the Lofs 
 of their King and Prince, that they let the Englijh pafs unpuniHied. • 
 The Bodies of the King and Prince were firft Buried at Einmouth, but 
 were removed after 'to . The Queen hearing of the un- 
 
 fortunate Fate of her Husband and Son, Died of Grief. King Malcolm- 
 iReigned 36 Years, being noted for no Vice, but famous to Pofterity 
 for his great and many Virtues. 
 
 DONALD VIII. the 87 th King of SCOTLAND. 
 
 D onald VlII. Simamed^S^Ke, who was bred in the 
 
 having promiled the Ides to Magnus King of Norway for his Af- 
 fiftance upon the Death of his Brother Malcolm and his Son, went to 
 Scoon and gothirafclf Proclaimed King in the Year of the World5o63, 
 in the Year of Chrift lopS, after the Reign of Scotland lOzS. But 
 w^s Depofed by theBaftardSon of Malcolm, in the firft Year 
 
 of his Reign. 
 
 DUNCAN. 
 
The HISTO^Tof 
 
 DUNCAN the 88th King of SCOTLAND. 
 
 D uncan, the Baftard Soa of Malcolm^ Ufurped the Crown ki 
 the Year above-mentioned. He alfo promifed the We- 
 ftern Ifles to the King of Norway, but Donald the former Ufiir- 
 per Macpender, Earl of ilferaj', to flay him, which -he. did, ai^Year 
 and Six Months after he Ufurped the Crown, and Donald Bane repof- 
 fcfled himfelf of the Grown, but the Nobles finding that he had con- 
 tinued hij former Promife to Magnns King of Norway, who was fcizing 
 on fome of the Ifles. They firft drove away the Norwegians, and 
 ^ %hen feized Doaa/i and put him in Prifon, where he Died miferably 
 the Third Year after his Ufurpation; and becaufe he was the Son of a 
 vKing, they Buried him in Dunfermling, But as foon as he was put in 
 Prifon they fent Meflengcrsto.Ei^f2r the Son of who was with 
 
 his Brother Alexander znd David in-£«^/W, with their Sifter, where 
 ' they .fled from Donald the Ufurper. 
 
 EDGAR the 89th King of SCOTLA N D. 
 
 E dgar the son of hi. fucceeded in the Year of the 
 
 World 5068, in the Year of Chrift . 1098, after the Reign 1428, 
 'When he entered Scotland at the Defire of his Subjeds, they brought 
 :to him T>onald the Ufurper, defiring to know his Sentence- But he 
 would not let him be put to, Death, but Confined him to Prifon, where 
 he foon Died, as before-mentioned. .-Bdgar Reigned peaceably and Di- 
 ed in the Ninth Year of his Reign, and was. Buried in T>unfermling. 
 He was a godly and good King; he founded the Monaftry oi Coldin- 
 gharn, and Dedicated it to St. E^Hhe Virgin; but it was afterward 
 transferred to the Name o( Cathbert. He Died without Iflue. 
 
 ALEXANDER I. the 90th King of SCOTLAND. 
 
 A lexander I. Simamed./^rrr, ot ihz Bierce, the Brother 
 of Edgar, fucceeded in the Year of the World 5077, in the Year 
 of Chrift 1107, after the Reign i 437 . In the Beginning of his Reign 
 he pafs’d with one Alexander C<»rroK (whofe Father King Malcolm had 
 made Heritable Standard-Bearer) over the River Spey, and purfued 
 certain Rebels who were in Arms there, having taken their Leaders, 
 Caufed them to be hanged on Gibbets. As the Ring was Returning 
 through M^r«x, a Poor Women Complained that her -Husband had 
 
 been 
 
S CO T L A N D. 
 
 been fcourged. with a Whip of Thongs by the Earl of Mern'?, Son,, 
 becaufe he had fued him for a Debt, the King leapt from his HoiTe,- 
 and would not dir from the place till the Offender had received con,- 
 dign Punifliment, - He then went to Energowry where fome of the 
 Friends of thofe fie had caufed to be executed at Spey, confpired a- 
 gainft his Life, and having corrupted one of his Bedchamber, they 
 were privately admitted whild he was afleep; but the King awakened 
 by their. fudden rufliing in, he caught hold of his Sword and tird • 
 his treacherous Servant, and then fix of the Traitors, the red were 
 purfued and flai-n. He built St. MichaeVs Qlwsch in Scoomnd. Sr. Co-- 
 lnmb’% Inch, and dnidied the Church of Diinfermling begun by his Fa- 
 ther, which was the Burying Place of the Royal I'amily. He lived 
 peaceably and dyed in the Seventeenth Year of his Reign, and was bu- 
 ried in Dunfermling. He was married to Sibilla the Daughter of Wil- 
 liam- thz Norman, but had no Iffuei- 
 
 D-AVID T. the pi d King SCOTL AND. 
 
 D avid I. (called St. David) the Son of Malcolm, andBrothe?’ 
 of Alexander, fucceeded his Brother in the Year of the WorlcF 
 5op4* in the Year of Chrid 1124 . after the Beginning-of the Reign 
 of Scotland i454'^He was a very Religious and Valiant King, he 
 builded o{ Holy-roo^d-houje, Kelfo, Jedburgh, Melrofs, Nerv- 
 
 bottle, Dundrum,- Cambuskeneth,-Kinlofs, Dunfermling, Holme in Cim^ 
 berland, as alfo two Nunneries one at C^ar/z^, the other at 
 wick. He founded two Abbeys- at Nevr-Cafile, one'of St. Benedict’s Or- 
 der, the other of white Monks. He added to the dx former Bidiop- 
 ricks four more iFiz.) that oi Rofs,Brichan, Diinkell, Dunblain, 
 ordaining Rents and Podedions all out of the Patrimony of the Crown 
 King David was married to Maud Daughter to the Earl of Northum- 
 berland, by 7«z/z'r/j Grandmother XoWilliam Cat Norman, by whom he 
 hadoneSon named Henry, called Prince of Scotland. David was podef- 
 i'td o{ Huntingtonjhire in England, beddes the three Shires which for- 
 ' merly belonged to the Crown of Scotland. Stephen King of England^ 
 i made feveral Incurdons into the Countries belonging to the King of 
 1 Scotland, but was repulfed,at lad fent an Army with the Duke of 
 cf7?tr,which Army was routed and almoddedroyed by D^t/zV, the Duke 
 taken Prifoner, and Stephen fent an Ambadador to make Peace upon 2 - 
 ny Conditions, which King David ngvttd to, upon Condition thatthe 
 j • before mentioned Counties fliould remain always in the Podefficn-: 
 : B-b of 
 
70 The msro%Y 6f 
 
 of the Kings of Scotland^ which Condmons Stephen agreed to,butwas 
 not a Slave to his Promife in that or any other Thing. David lived 
 peaceably at Carlifle for feveral Years; but his only Son Prince Henry 
 dying caufed great Affliftion to the King and Queen, whereof the 
 Pood Queen foon Died, and the King out of the Love he had to her, 
 never would Marry nor accompany with any Woman after; but fpent 
 his Time Religioudy, (liewing good Example to his Subjefts. He Di- 
 ed the 20th Year of his Reign, and was Buried in Dunfermling. He 
 was fo beloved by all Men that they lamented his Death, faying; They 
 had not only loft the heft of Kings but the heft of .Fathers. For tho’ he 
 equall’d themoft of his Royal Predeceffors, none of them were fomuch 
 taken Notice of for their Exemplary Piety ; fo that he very juftly de- 
 ferved to be called St. David, 
 
 M A L C O L. M IV. the 92d. King of SCOTLAND. 
 
 M alcolm IV. the son of Prince of Scotland^ the Son 
 ofKing fucceededin the Year of the World 5123, in 
 
 the Yearot Chrift 1153, after the Reign i 483 . In the Beginning of 
 his Reign Henry King oi England Decoyed Malcolm to go with him 
 againft the King of France, which he did with afmall Retinue, and 
 having concluded Peace between the Kings of England and France he 
 Returned to Scotland, but found many of the Nobility offended at his 
 going againft fo good a Friend as the King of France; but he Excufed 
 himfelf at their hands. Many Broils happened in the Kingdom, but 
 were all fupprcffed by him. The People of having Rebelled, 
 
 hepaft againft them, and Routed and Deftroyed every Man of them, 
 and divided their Lands among his other Subjeas. He founded the Ab- 
 bev of Cowper in Angus, and repaired the Abbey of St. Andrew’s Mag- 
 nificentlv Having fubdued all Tumults, he lived Peaceably, and 
 Died ^{Jedburgh the 12th Year of his Reign, and was Buried in Dun, 
 *^-mling 'lh\% Malcolm was called the becaufe he was never 
 
 Married; and ’tisfaid, he made a vow of living a Single Life; which 
 die Religioufly perlormed. 
 
 WILLIAM the p 3 d King of SCOTLAND. 
 
 W ILLIAM CSlrnamcd the Loyn) fucceeded his Brother Malcolm, 
 ill the Year of the World 5135, in the Year of Chrift 1 165, 
 after the Reign of Scotland 1495 , A good Valiant King; but was in 
 
SCOTL A ^ 
 
 the Beginning of his Reign taken by an Ambiifh of the and fent 
 
 Prifoncr to their King, who was then in France^ but he was releafed 
 foon by the good Conduft of his Brother David Earl of Huntington: 
 "Which David afterwards accompanied Richard of mto Syria^ 
 
 and upon his Return he was taken Prifoner by the Egyptians, and re- 
 deemed thtFenetians\ and Coming to Scot land in a Tempeft, his 
 Ship loft Rudder and Rigging, yet by Providence Landed fafeinthc 
 River T^jv, in a Place Called AleUum^ after Called Deidonum, now Cal- 
 led Dundie, Richard after many Hazards alfo Landed in England^zn^ 
 William with his Brother D-swi, went to Congratulate him upon his 
 lafe Return. William being at Tori, a Noblemans Child who had for 
 fome Time Lingered under an uncurablc Difeafe was Cured by King 
 William by Miracle. At William’s Return to Scotland, the Pope fent 
 a Legate with a Sword, the Hilt and Sheath whereof was fet with 
 precious Stones, and a Hat or Diadem, and Titled him Defender of 
 the Faith, or Church. In his Reign there Chanced fuchan Innundation 
 of the Two Rivers of Fay and Almond, that the Greatcft Part of the 
 Town of Perth was Swept away in theNight, neither was the King’s 
 Palace exempted from the Calamity ; but his Son an Infant, with 
 theNurfeand Fourteen more, were Drowned; the King with his 
 Queen and other Children, narrowly efcaped. The King the next Year 
 Built the Town called and granted/everalgr-eatPriviledges there 
 to. King William lived peaceably after, and Died the 4pth Year of his 
 Reign, and was Buried in Aberbrothock. 
 
 ALEXANDER II. the 94 th King oiSCOFLAND. 
 
 A lexander II. theSon of WUHam, fuccccdedintheYear 
 of the World 5184, in the Yearof Chrift 1214, after the Reign 
 1554. He was but Sixteen Years of Age when he began to Reign, and 
 in a very troublefome Time, yet fettled Matters with unexpected Pru- 
 dence. He married Joan or Jeant, the Sifter of Hetiry King of England, 
 and had the Counties o^ Northumberland, Cumberland, Wefimerland, and 
 -Huntington, Confirmed to the Crown of Scotland upon his Marriage, 
 and his Sifter was Married to the Son of Henry King of England. 
 
 Alexander pafs’d into France, and renewed the aniient League with 
 that Kingdom; in which Time his Queen Jane Died without Iflue. 
 After his Return he fentfor Mary, Daughter of the Earl of Coney in 
 ir4«re,.andMarried heratP(iA:/;or(7z/g^. She was a very Beantyful Lady; 
 -and bore to him a Son -called Alexander, who fuccceded him. He 
 
 Reigned 
 
rhe msTon°t of 
 
 Reigned peaceably,, and Died the Byth Year of his Reign, .and wasBu-;- 
 lied at Mdrofs. 
 
 ALEXANDER III. the p 4 th King of SCOTL A ND. 
 
 A lexander the III. fucceeded his Father in the Year of the ■ 
 World 5219 . in the Year of Chrift 1249. after the Reign of. 
 Scotland 1589 . He was crowned at Nine Years of Age. King Henry -. 
 the Third of England;^ married his Elded Daughter Margaret to King 
 Alexander, The Kingdom of was governed during the Kings - 
 
 Minority, by the Earls oi Monteth^ Athole^ and Buchan^ who were 
 all of the Name of Cummings they not only oppreffed the People, but 
 alfo made life of a great Part of the Revenue ; but when the King was • 
 come to Age, he called an Affembly of the Nobles and fumraonded the ■ 
 forefaid Earls, and for not Compearance denounced them Rebels. In 
 the i 4 th Year of his Reign, Acho King of Norway cdivat to Air ( a Sea- 
 Port Town in Kyle) with a Fleet of 160 Ships, and landed 20,000 
 .Men pretending to take. PoflTeffion of the Iflands promifed to bis An- 
 cedorsby Macbeth thellfurper; hwt Alexander Stewart thegreat Grand- 
 Ibn of Walter the High Steward of Scotland^ went with an Army a- 
 gaind Acho^ and in a pitch’d Battle killed 16000 Norwegians. Acho ef- 
 capingvery narTowiy,after which his Ships were alldedroyed in- a Tem- 
 ped, except Four, which he carried with him to tht Orkneys. Acho - 
 died for Grief, and Magnus his Son renounced all Pretentions to the 
 ides, and contrafted his Son Hanigo 10 Margaret the Daughter of A- 
 /exander who was but Four Years of Age, but they were married after 
 Vv’hen they came to Age. Queen Margaret bare to King Alexander two 
 Sons befides Margaret contraffed to Hanigo Prince of Norway^ the 
 Names of the two Sons were Alexander and Bavid^ Alexander the 
 Prince of Scotland \n^s married to the Daughter of the Earl ot Flan- 
 ders, h\it dyed without Iffue in the Life Time of his Father. King A- 
 lexander and his Queen went to London, to the Coronation of King 
 Edward the Fird, their oniy Son David died in their Abfence. At 
 that Time a Norman zt the Court of ~England of great Strength of 
 Body, overcame every Man with whom he encountered, but one na- 
 med Farqhar of Rofs of King Alexanders Retinue overcame him' before 
 the whole Nobility at Court, Alexander to rew^ard this worthy Adi- 
 on created him Earl of Rofs. Soon after the King letui ned from the 
 Court ofEngland^ theQueen Died ofGrief forthe Lofsof her Children, 
 for at the fame Time that Vnnet David died, her Daughter who was 
 sn^.rried to Hanigo King of Norway died, leaving one Daughter named 
 
 Margaret . 
 
SCOTL A N D. 
 
 I Margaret, call’d the. Maiden of Norway. After the Queen's Death 
 ) Alexander Married Joleta Daughter to the Earl of Dreux in 
 
 3 : France, but had no Iffue by her. This good King on the 19th Day of 
 I March, in the Year of Chrift 1286, in the 45th Year ofhis Age,and 
 f the 37th Year of his Reign, fell from lus HoiTe and broke his Neck, 
 
 [ near the Weft Rock of Kingharn. His Death was miiverfally lamen- 
 r ted, and the more becaufe he left no Succeffion nearer than his Grand- 
 I Child call’d the Maiden of Norway. King Edward of Eng- 
 
 i by Reaion of his Nearnefs of Relation, fentan AmbaiTador to the 
 
 1 to fend for that Princefs, as the only Heirefs of their Crown, 
 
 and at the fame Time propofed a Marriage betwixt his Son and her, 
 to which they confented; and fent DavidWeems and Michael Scot, two 
 eminent Knights of Fife, with all Things neceifary, to bring over the 
 Princefs, but to their Grief flie Died about the Time of their Landing 
 there. As foon as the Death of this Lady was brought to Scotland, 
 great Contention arofe betwixt the Pofterity of Earl of Hun- 
 tington, Brother to King and Grand-Uncle to AlexanderlW. 
 
 who were the neareft Heirs to the Crown. In the mean Time the King, 
 dom was Govern’d by feveral Governors or Regents; Duncan Macduff, 
 Earl of Fi fe, John Cummin Earl of Buchan, William Frazer Archbiflio.p 
 of St. Andrew's and John Stewart, Lord high Steward of Scotland j at 
 which Time the Contention arofe betwixt the Competitors Balicl 
 and Robert Bruce: The Caufe of their Competition was, that David 
 Earl of Huntington had Three Daughters, the Eldeft was Married to 
 Allan Earl of Golla-^ay whofe Daughter was Mother to John Baliol, 
 the fecond Daughter of David was married to Robert Bruce Earl of 
 Carick, who was Father to Robert Bruce Competitor; the E^eafon of 
 Bruce’s Competition was, That he was the fameDegree of Blood with the 
 Mother of Baliol, and he Infifted on the Sex that in Like Degree of 
 Propinquity Males ought to be preferred before Famales, fothatifa- 
 hert Bruce Contended that he had better Right-as a Grandfon than 
 John Baliol as a great Grandfon: But at that Time Edward King of 
 England fided with Baliol, and alfothe Cummins (for the Chief of that 
 Name was married to fohnBaliol’s Mother’s Sifter) ft ded with 
 becaufe that failing him, they might Claim a Right. After long De- 
 bate by the deceit of Baliol’ s Party, wasChofen to Decide this 
 
 Important Point ; which he outwardly did with feeraing Impartiali- 
 ty, but Secretly Carried on his fraudulent Deiigns with Party, 
 
 and when he found thztBruce wasa Man ofStedfaft Honefty and would 
 not confent to his Defigns, he prevailed Baliol toSubjeffhimlelf 
 
 C c to 
 
The msTonr of 
 
 to his Authority by a Secret Contraft, promifing to do Homage to him 
 for. that Hereditary Crown to which King Edward had no Pretention 
 further than the Secret Deceit he hadPrafticed with the worthlefsB^/Za/* 
 
 JOHN BALIOL t\iQ g6th King o{ SCOTLAND. 
 
 f£OHN 3 ALIO L fucceeded as aforefaid, in the Year of theWorld 
 y, ' 5263, in the Year otChrift 12^3, after the Reign ip 23 . Edward 
 King of England having thus preferred yo/;;2 Baliolb^Yore Robert Bruce, 
 BaliolmoU bafely confented to doHomageto£^/)f^r<i; the Nobility being 
 highly offended at this Infringement of the Ancient Laws of the King- 
 dom, did notefteem Baliolzs Sovereign, becaufe he had Forfeited his Title 
 by alienating the Crown to aForeignK-ing-. For according to the Laws of 
 Scotland, no King had Power to difpofe of or Alienate the Crown ; if 
 they did they thereby Forfeited their Title thereto; for Kings were 
 but as Tenants for Life; they were abfolute in every Thing, having 
 an unlimited Power in every Particular, but could not defraud the 
 next Heir by Blood, or difpofe of the Crown to any other Relation 
 upon any Pretence whatfoever. 
 
 Baliol repenting (but top late) that he had fo unadvifedly confented 
 to- acknowledge the King of England as his Superior, defigned to free 
 Irimfelf from that Contraft by Force ; but Edward being informed of 
 his Defigns, came againft him, and might foon had a great Ar ^ 
 my to efpoufe his Quarrel againft Edward, if he had been ftedfaft in 
 his Refolution, but being advifed by his Confin John Cummin of Strath.-^ 
 bogy^ he went and . furrendered himfelf to Edward, fcnt him Pri- 
 foner to and after to France, where he- Died. In the mean 
 
 Time Edward went over the Kingdom, and put Garrifons in feveral 
 Itrong Places. The moft Part of the Kingdom having fubmitted to 
 his Tyranny and Treachery, znb Robert Bruce \\q had won over to his 
 Side with Promifes ofgiving-the Kingdom to Iiim as foon as he had 
 overthrown ; But when Bruce put Edward in mind othisVi'omik, 
 he anfwered him in thefe Words : What have I nothing to do but win 
 Kingdoms for you } Bruce having then large Poffeffions in England, con- 
 tinued with Edward, and aftifted him againft <his Native Country; 
 and in the mean Time Scotland was without either King or Governor, 
 during which Time opprclTed he Country with very great Cru* 
 
 dry. Eiit abouc this Time Sir William Wallace of Ellerjly, a Man en- 
 dowed wiriv great Strength of Body, and undaunted Courage,, and well 
 shilkd in Warlike Enterpriles, having attempted feveral defperate 
 
 Exploits 
 
SCOTLAND- 7^ 
 
 Exploits asainft the ^nglip, ( to whom he bare a per feft Hatred ) ma-- 
 ny of the Nobles of ta'ken Notice of him, joined to 
 
 his Affiftance with their' Friends and Follow^ers, and he was unani- 
 moUily chofen Governor, to deliver the Nation from the Bondage of 
 the mercilefs Edward. He took many Garrifons and Forts out of the 
 Hands of the EngHjh^^nA when Notice thereof was given to Edward, 
 be fent his Lieutenant General Hugh Crajfingham, with a great Army 
 into Scotland, and was Encountered by Wallace at Stirling Bridge, 
 where Wallace fle^ him and moft Part of his Army. Manyof thofe who 
 fled were Drowned in the River, fo that few efcaped. After that Wal- 
 lace pad: into Northumberland, and laidall Newcajile. Edward- 
 
 who was then in France, hearing of the Feats of Wallace, fent one to 
 threaten him, laying, he durfl not have ventured, to have done fo, if 
 he were at Horne. Wallace anfwered ; That he had taken fuch Advan- 
 tage in what he had done, as Edward had taken in' oppreffing Scotland^ 
 and that he was rcfolved to keep his Edfier\nE?iglaud. Edward retur- 
 ning to raifed an Armj of tlireefcore thoufand Meigandcame 
 
 againft Wallace, but when Wallace advanced towards them, they retur- 
 ned, which made Wallace fufpe£t Deceit, and returned to Scotland, and 
 having fortified the Caftle of Dunotter, Montrofs, Brichan, Dufidee, 
 and Forfar, he gathered an Army and went againft the Army of E<i- 
 m/iri before-mentioned, and gave them Battle at Falkirk, where the 
 Scots fought with great Refolution and Courage ; but fome unlucky 
 Divifions happened amongft the principal Commanders, which occa- 
 fioned the Lofs of that Day. having Commanded the E«- 
 
 glijh Army that Day, and only obtained the Viftory, fo far as Cummin 
 who Commanded one Part, deferted, the other Two, 'viz. Sir William 
 Wallace John Stewart ; Stewart wzs Slain, with the moft Part of 
 his Party, being furrounded by Four Times their Number of the Eng- 
 I ijh Army, and fought it out bravely, until moft of his Men 
 were Oain, and after Retreated to the other Side of the River Carron, 
 where Robert Bruce defired to fpeak with him, to which he agreed, and 
 they two met over againft one another, where the River was narrow, 
 and they could fpeak together; and firft Bruce began and told Wallace, 
 
 ‘ That he wondered what he defigned by Fighting againft King Edward 
 ‘ who was fo powerful; and that altliough _be overcame the Englijh, 
 
 ‘ the Crown of Scotland did not belong to him. To which Wallace Re- 
 ‘ ply’d : Such bafe Villany never poffelfed my Mind, as to deli re that 
 ‘ by Force or Fraud which appertaineth to none but the lawful Heir by 
 ‘ Blood ; therefore none can defraud the' lawful Heir by accepting of 
 
 ‘ the 
 
7 « the msro^^ of 
 
 ‘ the Hereditary Crown of Scotland ivom the Faftious Subjefts, or by 
 ‘ Force of Arms, but ati unjuH llfurper, which Name as it is hateful 
 ‘ to all honeft Men, I difdain it. I never propofed that Scope to my De- 
 ‘ (Igns and Labours, as to obtain or defire the Kingdom; but when 1 
 ‘ faw my Country by your Sloathfulnefs, to which the Kingdom doth 
 ‘ rightly appertain, deftituteof Governours, andexpofed, not only to 
 ‘ Slavery, but even to the Butchery of a merdlefs Enemy, I had pityon 
 ‘ them, and undertook the Caufe which you deferred; neither will Ifor- 
 ‘ fake the Liberty and Safety of my Countrymen till Life forfake me. 
 
 ‘ You who had rather chufe bafe Servitude with Security, than honeft 
 ‘ Liberty with Hazard, follow and hug the Fortune which you efteem« 
 
 ‘ As for me, I will fpend the laft Drop of my Blood in Defence of my 
 ‘ Native Country, and my Love to it lhall remain as long as my Life 
 ‘ continues. Bruce taking this Speech to Heart, retired to his Forces, 
 as did to his. This Battle was fought the Second of July, in 
 
 which Battle fell many Noble Perfons of the Scots, among whom were 
 John Stewart, Macdufj"E^r\ of Fife, and Sir John Graham .a mod vali- 
 ant Man, who was ftill reckoned next to Wallace, Many of the Nobles 
 of England alfo fell in this Battle. After this Battle Wallace went to 
 Perth, where he difiniffed his Army, and from that Day forward afted 
 no more as General, yet never did ceafe (with his Friends and Followers 
 who ftill ftuck to him) to take all Opportunities to Deftroy the Eng^ 
 Many were (lain by him in feveralSkirmiflies. 
 
 Edward fent an Army to Scotland of 3 o,ooo Men, which were di- 
 vided into Three Parts, agai'nft which Army John Cummin with John 
 Frazar, gathered an Army, and met the EngUfl) near Rojline Four 
 Miles 'from Edinburgh, and in one Day fought with one. fmall Army 
 of 12000, the Three Armies, and Routed them entirely. Thefe 
 
 three Battles were fought the ^omihof February iloz, Edwardhtmgln- 
 fenced againft the gathered a great Army, and paft over mod 
 Part of the Country, putting Garrifons in many Places; mod part of 
 the Nobility having Submitted to him, but with a fmall Num- 
 ber of his Friends and Followers followed A rmy, and in many 
 
 Skirmidies, Killed feveral Partysofthe Engli^. fent feveral 
 
 great OiTers to induce Wallace to fubmitto his Poiver, but his Anfwer 
 dill was, that he never would be SubjeB to any but the lawful Ki ng of 
 Scotland, and that he had devoted his Life to his Country to which it was 
 Dne\ and that he was Ready to loofe his Life in ifs Defence ^ .that he 
 RememheFd the School Phrafe; which he repeated thus: 
 
 Dico 
 
S C O T L A KD; 
 
 Dico tihi uerum'Likertas optima rerum 
 Nunquam Servili Sub nexa vivito fill 
 My Son C I fay ) freedom is bed 
 Then never yield to Tlirat’is averd. 
 
 After this Edward HUed feveral Perfona to betray but none 
 would Undertake the bafe Faft, but one John Me? 2 tehh. At this 
 time Edward Defigned to make an entire Conqueft of Scotland ; for he 
 had then mod Malicioufly dedroyed and Carried with him to England 
 mod Part ot the Monuments of Antiquity of Scotland^ particularly the 
 Fatal Marble Chair from Scoon^ which he Carried to Wejiminfier, 
 Robert 3ruce remembering what had faid to him, and was allb 
 
 fearful oi'Edward’s defigns to have Poffeflionof the Crown of Scotland.^ 
 at lad he agreed with Jo {Baltols C.o\x^\r\) to Give him all his 
 Lands in England^ in Lieu of his Pofleflion in Sfotland, which Cummin 
 Confented to, but with a fecret Defign to dedroy Bracf; Theyhaving 
 Inter-Changed Contracts, Cummin fent privately to 'Edward, drupe's 
 Contraft, whereupon E//n?Waccufed of High-Treafon j Bruce 
 
 being Advertifed by the Earl of Montgomery ofEdward-s Dcfigrrs again d 
 him and his Brother, the faid Earl finding Bruce's Danger fo great 
 Could hot Venture to lend any further Notice by Word or Writing, 
 but fent him a Pair of Gilt Spurs and fome pieces of Gold, as if he had 
 Borrowed them of him, the Day before: Robert upon the Recept of 
 the Gift, as Dangers makes a Man Sagacious, fmelt the meaning of his 
 Meffage, andfentfor a Smith in theNight, and made him letonShoes 
 -on Three Horfes backwards; So that they might not Tracehis Efcape 
 by the mark ot his Horfe’s Feet, there being Snow on the Ground. He 
 took with him his Chaplain and a trudy Servant, and the Seventh Day 
 he Came to his own Cadle at Lochmabin in Annandale, where he was 
 met by his Brother David and Robert Fletming, but before he had told 
 them the Caufe of his Flight, he found a flying Pod Carrying Letters 
 from Cummin to Edward; the Contents were, that Robert Jhould be 
 Speedily put to Death ; that there was Danger in Delay, ledaman fo Nobly 
 Defc^nded, being Endowed with Courage and Wifdom, might Eafily 
 raife Commotions: Robert leaving thus found out the Treachery of 
 Cummin, Rode Streight to and found him in the Francifean’s 
 
 Church,and Conrfonted him with his own Letters, which he Impudently 
 Denyed ; Robert' sMl rzth beingkindled, he Could not Bridle his Paffion, 
 but Run him through the Body with his Dagger, and left him there: 
 Then defigned ta find ont Willi am Wallace, whofe Aflidance he 
 
 D <1 was 
 
7S the HIST O^r of ' 
 
 was fure of; But unfortunately the fame Night that Entered 
 SaotUnd^ was Betrayed at by. his Sworn Friend John 
 
 Menteith, to the Hands of the 'Englijh^ and w.as Carried to London, 
 whereby he wasby Barbarous Eiir^ri’/Commandbafely butchered; af- 
 ter Cutting off his Head in Smithfield, hiS Limbs were fet up in No- 
 ted Places of the City. O moft Barbarous and Cowardly Cruelty! a : 
 Ring to Betray by Fraud a Man he Could not overcome by Force, and 
 to Butcher in Cold Blood that Man that he nor none of his Subjefts, 
 durft Encounter Face, to Face. Such an End had this Brave Man 
 who deferved to be Compared to the Greateft Generals in any Age, 
 both for his grcatncfs of Mind in Undertaking, Dangerous Exploits, 
 and for his 'Wifdom-and Valour in overcoming them ; ForhisLovcto 
 hisCountry, he was fecond. to None; for when many had Submitted 
 to the Unjuff Power of Eiir’-ari, he uever would be induced by Rewards, 
 or moved by Threats, to fprfake the publickCaufe he once had Under- 
 taken. His Death was thfe more to be lamented, becaufe he was not 
 overcome by his Enemy’s Power, but Betrayed, by the Treachery of 
 his Friend, After that Robert Bruce had notice that Wallace was be- 
 trayed, he Applyed himfelf to his other Friends and after having ob- 
 tained the Pope’s Pardon tor Killing of Cummin in the Church he went 
 Straight to Scoon^ where he was Crowned, in the Year of Chrift i3o6. 
 
 R O B E R T B RU C E the 97th King of S C OT L A N D. 
 
 R obert BRVCT tho- Gv^ndron of I/abella, Daughter to 
 
 Earl of Huntington, Etothtv to TViUi am Kingof Scot land, bzgan. 
 to Reign in the Year of the World 5276 in the Year of Chrid 1 3o6 
 after th^Kolgn oi Scptland,i6l>6. No Prince Evgrobtaineda Crown with 
 greater Difficulty than he did. At his Proclamation he had no Ar- 
 my but a few Friends and their Servants to withftand the great Pow- 
 er of England, and the Parties of his Contended Adverfaries. Mercia 
 defs Edward f<ix\t an Army after him, and. he was obliged to give Bat- 
 tle to them, as he wa,s on his March from. Jthole to Jrgyle, where he 
 was Routed, after having fought valiantly againft a great Army with 
 a fmall Party of his Friends. He v/as. fcveral Times Defeated, and was 
 obliged to fiy for his Life, and live.in Difguife for fome Time, but ne- 
 ver gave over taking every Opportunity to make good his Right. His 
 Brethren Thomas. a.\u\ Alexander w-ere taken Prifoners and Murdered, 
 by the Command of Edivard, which was another Mark of his bafe 
 Cruelty, as alfo Walter Logan and5’/>a« Frazar, two great Lovers of 
 their Country, were delivered up to Edwardby tlK Cummins, and Mur- 
 dered . 
 
SCOTLAND. 
 
 79) 
 
 dered in 'England, James Dowglafs, the Succeflor oi Shvlto Tyrnglafs^ 
 before-mentioned, came with a good Fatty,, and joined againft 
 
 the Englijh. William xht Father of thfs James, was (for not fubmitting 
 to Edward’?, Authority) carried Prifoner to England, and Died there, 
 and this was taken Care of by William Lambart, Bifhop of St. 
 
 Andrew’? ; the Bifliop having taken Dowglafs to Edward when he was 
 to wait upon him at Stirling, fpokc to Edward to give him his Patri- 
 mony or take him into his Proteftion, at the fame Time recommend- 
 ing his -Qualifications; but anfwered difdainfully, “That he 
 
 “ would make no ufe of the Son of fo ftubborn a Father, and as for his 
 Eftate, he had given it to fbme of his Friends who deferved it bet- 
 “ ter”. James, though very young at tdatTime, never let thofe Words 
 out of his Mind, until he was fufeiently revenged on Edward’s Pofte- 
 rity and Subjefts in feveral Battles. Dowglafs after he wasdifmifsM by 
 Edward, flayed with the Bifhop tiW Bruce came into the and then 
 
 he took Lambarfs Horfes'and Money, and joined Bruce-, to whom he 
 did great Service. Not long after Died in and was 
 
 fucceeded by his Son Edward of-Cdro 2 arvan,{vihich was the Place where 
 he was born,) which Et^rrarZ Renewed- the War againfl5r«r^, but had 
 not the fame Succefs as his Father. Robert Bruce being at the fametime 
 defperately fick, it was by fome Reported, that he was Dead, which 
 encouraged John Cummin to ga.ther all the Forces he could, with De- 
 fign to have himfelf proclaimed King: But Robert hearing of his De- 
 ligns, gofhis Friends with their Followers together, and came a- 
 gainft Cumm'in. He was fo weak that he was fupported on his Horfc 
 by one on each Side, which as foon as Cummin’s Party law, they im- 
 mediately fled and difperfed. After that Edward entered Scotlandmth 
 an Army, but was wearied out by Eing Robert, and returned with- 
 out any Aftion. The next Year with a Party entered Eng^- 
 
 land twice, and returned with great Booty each Time. By thatTimc 
 the King had difpofleffed the Englijh of the mofl Part of the Nation, 
 except the ftrong Caftle of Stifling, -which wasBefieged by Edward 
 Sruce the King’s Brother, but with little Succefs, at laft came to 
 Terms ofSurrendcr, which was : That if Mowbray the Governor of 
 
 “ it, was not relieved in a Year to commence from that very Day, by 
 “ theEag/ry&jhe fhould furrender the Caftle.” Thofe Conditions much 
 difpleafed the King, but would not Detraft from his Brother’s Cre- 
 dit, but refolved to Hand to that Condition. having Notice 
 
 of thefe Conditions, determined to raife the whole Strength of Eng- 
 land and go againfi Scotland, not to fight but to take PoffelTion of it. 
 
o 
 
 The H is t of 
 
 and-divide it araongft his Subjefts, as he told them. King Rohtn be- 
 ing advertifcd thereof, raifed an Army of able Men, to the Number 
 of 40000 Men, which he with indefatigable Care trained in Military 
 Exercife, cfpccially the Broad Sword and Targe, (which Weapons has 
 ever fince been very common in that Nation.) When the Day limited 
 approached, Muftered ico,ooo Men; h\it Bruce rather than 
 
 raife any more new Forces, brought his Army to a Review, and ha- 
 ving made an eloquent Speech to them. He charged, that every Man 
 in his Army whofe Death might prove the Lofs or Ruin of a Fami* 
 iy, might return to his own home, that he flrould be freely excufed: 
 Upon which 10,000 of the Army were difmilTed, and then he had but , 
 
 3o,ooo Men; all of them refolved to Die or win the Day, and the 2 3 d ;! 
 
 oCjune they joined in Battle at Bannockburn^ two Miles from Stirling, 
 
 The King divided his Army in Three Parts; the main Body or Cen- a 
 tre the King in Perfon commanded; ^itthomas i? 4 «i«//EarlofM«rl 1 
 ray, the Right Wing; zwdi^ir: James Dowglafs left Wing. Not- 1 
 withftanding there was 100,000 Englijh, and but 'iopoo Scots, King S 
 iJokrt obtained a complcat Viftory. 'lis faid that King of 1 
 
 'England fought very couragioufly in this Battle; but at laft was fo 1 
 Routed, that he could not have of his whole Army a fufficient Guard J 
 for his Perfon. He onlyefcapcd by the Friendihipof the Ezvlef March, f 
 ■who Ihcltered him in hisCaftle, and fent him privately in a Skiff hy 
 '.Water to Bervcick. In this Battle fell' 55,000 Englijh, as their own 
 'Writers acknowledge, and not above 10,000 Scots, with few Perfons 
 .€»f Note. ’Tis altedged the E?;^///^ came rather to make a fine Ap- 
 pearance (they having Rich Apparel) than to fight a refolute Enemy, 
 which occafioneda Jefting Yerfe among Scots , which is: 
 
 Long Beards Heartlefs, painted-Hoods Wi clefs, 
 
 -Gay Coats Gracelefs, makes Ea^//j«iThriftlefs. 
 
 This Viftory confirmed King Robert Bruce in the Polfeffion of the 
 .Kingdom. All xhc Engl ip being entirely rooted out of Scotland, all 
 ^the Nobles aifembled at Aire, and Renounced Obedience to Edward 
 •King of England, andSwore Allegianceto Robert as their lawfulKing, 
 and denyed the Pretentions of the and xht-Cummins. TheKing 
 
 Con\im\XQd Randulff Earl ofMurray, ^r\d Dowglafs, conjunft Generals 
 .of the Forces. Both of them for their good Conduft and Valour in 
 the Battle of we;re Knighted under the Banner in the 
 
 Field of Battle; which Title of Knight Banneret,' was efteeraed pre- 
 tferable to theTitleof.Earl or Baroiio ' .Edward 
 
SCOTLANDi 8i 
 
 Edward made feveral Attempts againfi: but was every Time 
 
 Routed. made Inroads into ^ngland^ as diid Randnlff^ and 
 
 always returned Viftors; efpecially d.tTork they fought a Battle, call’d 
 the White Battle, from the Number of Priefts that were killed in it. 
 Edward wearied with continual Lofs of his Men, gave over his Pre- 
 tentions to Scotland, and King Robert being almoft worn out with Toil 
 and Fatigue, committed the" Management of weighty Affairs to Sir. 
 Thomas Randulff and Sir James Dowglafs. About this Time one lEa- 
 for killing ont Spencer at the Court of came into .S't.'of- 
 
 land, and was favourably received by the King, who gave him feveral 
 Lands in Clydfdale, named after hihi. He was the firft of the oppulent 
 Eamily of the Hamiltons, 
 
 King Robert was Married twice, lirft to Ifabella Daughter to Do- 
 nald Earl of Mar, by whom he had one Daughter named Morjary, 
 Married to High Steward of Scotland, Father to Robert 11. 
 
 His Second Wife was 'Elizabeth, Daughter to Richard de Burgo, or 
 Eourk, Earl oi Vlfler in Ireland, who hd.YQ David Prince of Scotland, 
 who fucceeded his Father in the Sovereignty. The King fent Jamet 
 Dowglafs with large Gifts to John Ealiol then in France, defiring he 
 might ceafe his Claim to the Crown of for which Kindnefs 
 
 John returned Thanks to the King, and confeffed ingenioufly, “ That 
 “ his Behaviour to his Native Country deferved the greateft Punifli- 
 “ ment; that he was juftly deprived of the Crown, and that he was 
 « very willing his Kinfman JRokrf, whofe high Valour and Induftry, 
 “ befides his Right, which he owned as good as his own, llnce he had 
 ‘‘ reftor’d it to its antient Splendour, he juftly deferved, and fiiou’den- 
 “ joy the Crown, and that he rejoyced that they who deceiv’d him 
 “ did not enjoy the Reward they promifed themfelves by their Trea- 
 chery. 
 
 King Edwardai Engl and called a Parliament at Northampton, Where 
 they Concluded a Peace with the King ot Scotland, and renounced all 
 Pretentions to the Crown of Scotland ; and that Cumberland, Nortlmm. 
 her land, and TVeJimorla?id, as far as Stanmore, Ihould be Boundaries to 
 the Scots', and that David the Prince of Scotland Ihould take to Wife 
 Joane, Daughter to the King o^England, Peace being thus Concluded, 
 King apply ed himfelf to his Devotion, andretired to a private 
 
 Caftle at Cardrofs, and being of great Age he made his laft Will, 
 whereby he fettled the Succeffion on his Grandfon Robert Stewart, in 
 Cafe his Son David fliould Die without Iflue ; and left Three Advices 
 to the People of Scotland, which were : “ That they fliould never let 
 
 E c “ one 
 
8z T^he HlSro^Tof 
 
 one Man have the Poffeffion and foie Command of the or 
 
 Wefiernlflzs. 2dly, That they fhould never hazard all their Strength 
 “ at one Time with the Englifh. 3 dly, That they fhould never trufttoo 
 “ much to the Promifes of the Englijh : For, faid he, they are very 
 “ good Friends while no Hurt is in their Power, but will advance 
 “ their Intereft by any Means without any Refpeft to theTyesof 
 “ Lavy, Honour or Confcience”. After having fettled all his Affairs, 
 he left Charge to Sir James Doivglafs, to carry his Heart to the Holy 
 Grave in Jerufalem,^ and have it Buried there ; which Charge Dowghfs 
 looked upon as an honourable Employment, and undertook it, where- 
 by he had a Man’s Heart Ruby Enfigned^ with an Imperial Crown^ 
 proper^ given him for his Arms, which is the Paternal Coat of the 
 Howglafs’s to this Day. Dvwglafs took with him William Sinclair and 
 Robert Logan^ tw’o, eminent Knights; and as he was u-pon the Coahsof 
 Spain, he joined theKing of Jrragon againft the Sarazens, and obtai- 
 ned great Viftory; and having pafs’d to Jerufalem znd Buried the King’s 
 Heart, upon hisRerurii he again joined thtSpaniards againft xh^Sarazens. 
 He was (lain with his Companions in an Atribufh by the^4r/«ze»a, after he 
 had defended hi mfelf bravely. ’Tis Reported he was viftorious againft the 
 lurks and Sarazens Thirteen Times, and againft the Seventeen 
 
 Times in Field of Battle. See his Life at large in ////tw’s Hiftory of 
 the Dowglajfes. 
 
 I may with others fay, that King Robert Bruce was certainly a very 
 great Marl, and can hardly be parallcl’d for his Virtues -and Valour. 
 No Prince on Earth endured greater Mifery and Hardftiips than he 
 did, nor obtained greater Viftory with a lefts ' Number againft fuch 
 great Numbers: Though he was fo often Repulfed and Reducedto the 
 moft intolcrableand extreme Exigency, he^ never gave over his juft 
 Hopes of obtaining the Kingdom, which, according to his Right and 
 Merit, he obtained and polfeffed Twenty four Years, and de-];>ar ted this 
 Life at Crfriro/jr the pth of July, in the Year of Chtift iSzp, and left 
 his Nephew Sir Governour of the Kingdom, during 
 
 the Minority of his Son David. 
 
 Randulff mth xht reft of tb(t Nobles having with great- Magnifi- 
 cence performed the Funeral Obfequies of -the Deceafed King, they 
 carried David his Son to Scoon, 'Sie\d Crowned him the 24th ot Nevem-^ 
 /'vrinthe fame Year, with great Solemnity. 
 
 DAVID II. the p8th King oi SCOILAND. 
 
 AVID II. fucceeded his Father in the Year of the World 5 3oo, 
 in, the Year of Clfrift i33o, after the Reign 1660. He wasbilt 
 
 Seyea . 
 
SCOTLAND. 83 
 
 Seven Years of Age when he was Crowned. Thomas i?Wa/jf who was 
 continued Governor or Regent, keptthe Kingdom in entire Peaceand 
 Quietnefs; but King of England raoft treacheroufly hired a 
 
 Monk to Mil the Regent by Poyfon. The Monk gave out that he had 
 great Skill in curing the Stone (wherewith the Regent was afBifted) 
 a-nd was introduced to the Regent, which gave him Opportunity to 
 put in Execution his Villanous Defign ; How'ever the Poyfon did not 
 take EfFeft according to the Monk's Expeftation ; and he returned nr 
 tell VJward that he had done his Bufinefs; whereupon Edward rai fed 
 a great Army, and came to the Border, of which the Regent had No- 
 tice, and prefently Marched againft him, he not being able to Ride, 
 was carried in a Litter» When Edward heard that Randulff was in 
 Perfon, he fen t a Herauld under Pretence of feeking Peace, whom the 
 Regent received with a very auftere Countenance, reproving Edward 
 for Breach of his Promifes without any Provocation. When the He- 
 rauld returned and certified Edward^ that Randulff was alive, he re- 
 turned home with his Army, and feized the Monk and burnt him a-* 
 live. The Regent returned home and died of the Poyfon at Muffel- 
 hrough. After his Death the Earls of Mar anA March wqvq appointed 
 Governours. Soon after they took the Regency upon them, Edward 
 King o( England fent privately to Edivard Ballol the Son of John, who 
 was then in France, and the Cummins Party had alfo under Hand lent 
 him AlTurance of their Aid : Whereupon he made up a Fleet, and lan- 
 ded in the /irti of Forth at Kinghorfh With' him were the Earl of 
 Stafford and many other E 72 glijh Noble Men, and was immediately 
 joyned by the Cummins Party, which very much weakened the Regents 
 Party. The Regents raifed an Army, and Encamped at the Water of 
 Ehe near Forth, and trufting to the Number of their Men, did not take 
 due Care to guard againft the Enemy. Baliol having Spies, brought 
 Notice of thecarelefs Pofturc of the Earl of Mar's Camp; and he went 
 over the River filently in the Night, and fell upon the Regents Camp, 
 flew himfelf, with the^Earls of Carrick, Bay Conftable of Scotland, 
 Keith Marflial of Scotland, and feveral other Noblemen and Gentle- 
 men, with many of their Army, and furprized and put to flight the 
 reft. Baliol paft ftreight to Perth and took it, with feveral Villages 
 thereabout., 
 
 EDWARD BALIOL the 99th King of SCOTLAND, 
 
 E dward the son of JolmBaliol Ufurped the Crown in the Year 
 . of the World 5 3o2, in the Year of Chrift 1 3 32 , after the Reign 
 1662 • He got himfelf Crowned at Sc^on,, and returned to Berth, and 
 
 was 
 
84 The HlStO^Tof 
 
 was there Befieged by King7)4t;/J’s, Friends, Macduff Ed.T\oi Fife 
 made Regent for King and headed his Party, and John Raudulf; 
 Son to Thomas Eav\ oi Murray, andtheEarlof Golloway, came againft 
 3aliol with a great Army, and Routed him, and flew many of the Chiet 
 Perfons of his Party ; Edward King of England who found his Advan- 
 tage by the Nations being Divided, raifed an Army-'afid came the Length 
 of Berwick, and Layed Siege to it. Edward fent Notice to yllexander 
 Seaton who was Governour of it ; that he had Two of his Sons in his 
 Hands, and that Unlefs he would Surrender theCaftie, he would hang- 
 up both his Sons; and upon his Refufal, he ordered the young Men 
 to be Carried out to Execution before the Caftle Wall in the Father’s 
 Sight; the poor Father was in great Trouble what to do,. betwixt 
 the Compaflion he had to his Children, and the Arid Regard he 
 had to his own Honour and Safety of his Country : But his Wife 
 the Mother of the twm Youths, Addrefs’d hcrfelf to her Husband in 
 thefe Words. “ Confider what your Fidelity to your lawful King 
 “ and Love to your Native Country, ought to be, and the Digni- 
 “ ty of your Family ; If the Children are put to Death, we have 
 “ more Children alive, and neither of us are fo old but we’mayhave 
 “ More ; and if they efcape Death at this Time, they may chance 
 “ foon to Dye and not fo honourably as to fall a Sacrifice for the 
 “ Safety of their Country. But if any Blot of Infamy ihould flick upon 
 “ the Family of the it would remain to all Poflerity ; andbe 
 
 “ an indelible Blemilh ever to their innocent OfF-fpring ; Befldes 
 that a Tyrant who hath Violated his Faith now, will not fland 
 to any future Promife ; and therefore entreated him not to prefer 
 “ an Uncertainty and (if it fliould be obtained) a Momentary Ad- 
 “ vantage to a Certain aad Perpetual Ignominy. This Advice pre- 
 vailed with the Husband, that he let his Sons be both InhumLly 
 Murthered by the Barbarous Tyrant Edward.. The Regent with 
 James Dowglafs Earl of came with an Army againfl the Eng- 
 lijh, but were Routed at HalydonnhiU. After that Balial fubmired 
 as his Father had done, to tl^ King of England, and pafl with him’ 
 to England, and left Cummin Earl of Athole, Governour till his Re- 
 turn ; But David who had retired to France, returned, and with the 
 Afliftance of John Randulf, and Robert Stewart, pafl againfl the Eng- 
 lijh, and was taken Prifoner at and Carried to London where 
 
 he remained Eleven Years, and was afterwards Ranfomed, and lived 
 peaceably. He propofed going to Jerufalem, but died of a ’hot Fever 
 at Edinburgh, without Ilfuc. He was buried in thzAhbty of Holy-rood- 
 
 ho lift.. 
 
SCOTLAND. ^ 
 
 ’hoUrfe. He was a Good King, and very pious and Virtuoufly inclined ; 
 but had Neither that Skill nor Succefs in War that his Father had. 
 According to his Father’s Will, and the Hereditary Right, the Suc- 
 ceffion devolved on Robert Stewart^ Sonto ?Fl2/f^rLord High-Stcwart, 
 by. Marjory Daughter to Robert Bruce. 
 
 - Here I think proper to give an Account of theDefcentbf the Sirnamc 
 of STEW ART, as tar as we can find any Authority from Hiftoryfor 
 it; which'is thus? Bavqho, mentioned in the Reign of Donald VII. 
 Had a Son whofe Name was Tleance^ who Efcaped when Macbeth the 
 Ufurper defigned to have Murdered him vvith his Father ; which 
 fled from the Cruelty oi Macbeth to Wales ^ and Married the Daughter 
 of Griffith Prince oiWales^ and had by her a Son named Walter, 
 which Walter vQt\lvntd to Scotland Reftoration of King Mal- 
 
 t ^colm III. and fer his Great and Good Conduft, befides that he was 
 ) the neared Branch to the Royal Family, King Created him 
 
 < Lord-high-dewartof and from the Name of that High Office, 
 
 derived the Original of the Sirname of ST E W ART. This Walter 
 had a Son Called Allan, who fucceededhis Father, and Allan had a Son 
 named Walter, whidi Walter had two Sons one Named Alexander 
 and the other Robert (from Robert Defce'nded the Earls of Lenox) and 
 Alexander the Elded fucceeded his Father as High-Stewart, and had a 
 ' Son Named which was Father to who Mar- 
 
 I ried Marjory Daughter to King Robert Bruce, by whom he begat i^a- 
 bert, who fucceeded his Uncle King David as the next Heir. 
 
 1 ROBERT STEWART the loo’d King of SCOTLAND. 
 
 R OSFiJT'the Son of Walter Stewart, High-dewart Scotland, 
 and Grand-fon to King Robert Bruce by his Daughter Marjory, 
 fucceeded his Uncle BAngDavid in the Year of the World 5341 in 
 'the Year of Chrid iSyi after the Reign 1701. He was firft 
 Married to Elizabeth Moor, Daughter to Sir Adam Moor of 
 Abercorn-, by her he had John, who fucceeded him by the Name of Si?'- 
 bert, AlexanderEeLvXoi Buchan, and Robert Earl of Monteith. After her 
 Death he Married Daughter to Earl of Rofs, by her 
 
 he had Walter Earl oi Athole, and David Earl of Strathem. Thofe 
 who Copy ailQt Buchanan in what he alledges in the Cafeofthis King’s 
 Marriages and fucceffion, are Grofly midaken, as is clear by the Clear 
 Troofs given by the Learned Sir George Mackenzie in the fecond Partof 
 ^is Jus Regium. 
 
 F f 
 
 Robert 
 
86 The B TS T0‘I(7 of 
 
 Robert Renewed the. League’ with Frdnce^?ind had feveral Skirmifli- 
 cs with the EnglifI?, and at all Times obtained the Vi^ory. He admi-’ 
 nifired Juhice diligently and impartially to every one; he feverelypu- 
 nilhed Robberies. In his Actions, he was condant in. his Words and ; 
 taithful to his Promifes. He came to the Government in Troublefome 
 Times, yet fettled Affairs at Home and Abroad, appeafed Difcords 
 and Governed with great Equity, Juffice and Prudence, and obtained 
 fuch .Victory over his Enemies, that ‘he was not in Fedr of any Fo- 
 reign nor Domeftick Diftui;bance._ He. departed this Life at hisCaftle 
 oi Dundonald^ in the Year of Chrift i' 3 po, the 19th Day of April in 
 the 74th Year of his Age, and the 19th Year of his Reign. His Death 
 was very much lamented by all good Men, He. was Buried at Sc^on\Nhh ; 
 great Solemnity. ^ ' 
 
 ROBERT HI. the loi King of SCOTLAND. 
 
 R obert II. was fuccceded by his Elded Son John; but becaufe 
 they looked upon that Name to be Unlucky to other Kings as 
 to the Kings of Er^we.and of, that Name ; he, with Advice of . 
 
 his Parliament, changed his Name to Robert^ and was’ Proclaimed by 
 the Name and Stile o^Kobert theThird, in the Year of the World ; 
 5360, in the Year ofChrid 1390, after the Reign 1720. He was a 
 good King, unfs>otted and unblemilh’d by any Vice, of a very moded 
 andeafy Dit’pod':ion. He was Married to AnnabellaBrummond^ Daugh- 
 ter to Sir John Drummond of Stebhall^ (the Predeceffor oT theDuke of ' 
 Perth) who bare David, after Created Duke of Kothfay; Robert Stew- 
 art Earl of Fife, his Brother, he alfo Created Duke of Albany; which 
 were the fird Dukes t!]^it ever was in Scotland. Robert the King’s Bro- 
 ther being a Man well .skilled in Warlike Affairs, the King madehim 
 General of his Forces, and Intruded Iiim with the Government of all 
 the drong Cadies in the Kingdom. At this Time there was deadly 
 Feuds between the Clancattons and Clankeys, and they obtained Leave 
 of the Kirrg to difpute their Controverfy by Dint of Sword, which 3 oo 
 of each Side undertook at a Day appointed, on x.\\q North Inchoi Perth 
 but when they met, one Man was wanting to make up the Number of 
 one Side; a Tradefinan being by, offered himfelf for half a Dolar in • 
 Hand, and prornife of Maintenance during hisLife if he was Difa- 
 bled; which was granted him. .Both Sides joyned Battle, and fought 
 I'o.defperately, that none efcaped of the Clankeys but one Man whp 
 threw himfdf in the River Tiy'^and fwara over and faved his Life. Of. 
 
 the 
 
SCOTLAND- 87 
 
 the Clancattons there was only Ten, among which was the Mercena- 
 ry Champion. 
 
 The King had Two Sons belides David, named John and James. Da- 
 vid Contrafted to Mary, Daughter to the Earl of March, but by 
 the great Power of the Earl of Dowglafs, that Match was broken off, 
 and he u as Coritrafted to the Earl of Daughter. After which 
 
 the Earl of went over to tht Englijh and joyned Percey of Nor- 
 
 thumberland, who entered Scotland with a ftrong Party, but was Rou- 
 ted by Dowglafs at Linton Bridge. After that Peace being Concluded 
 with England, David Earl of Crawford being at London, and the Lord 
 Wells, engaged to run certain Courfes on London Bridge with (harp 
 Spears, which they performed gallantly upon St. Ge<7r^ff’s Day: The 
 People Teeing- the Earl of Crawford foftiflyin his Saddle, cryedour, 
 Lhe Scotchman is locked in his Saddle. He hearing this, leapt off his 
 Saddle upon the Ground, and Mounted prefently, to the great Surprife 
 of the Speftators. At the firft and fecond Turns none of them were 
 hurt, but the third Time the Lord FFells^Nis beat out of his Saddle, 
 and was hurt by the Fall. About this Time the Queen Died, and Da- 
 vid the King’s elded Son, was by hisUncle Eohert- ?.ccukd to the King, 
 for having abufed feveral Virgins; the King gave Robert Permiffion to 
 check him, but fuch was Robert's Cruelty, that he fhut up the Prince 
 in the Palace of Falkland, that he was barbaroufly ftarved to Death : 
 But fome fay he Died of Grief ; and John the fecond Son died alfo a- 
 bout that Time. The inhumane Cruelty of being made known 
 
 to the King, he defigned to fend his only Son James to France to be 
 Educated fromunderthePower ofhis Brother: Butin hisVoyage he was 
 put in by a contrary Wind to England, where he wasunlawfully detained 
 Prifonei'; the good King hearing thereof, died ol Grief in thei 5 th 
 Year ot his Reign, and was Buried in the Monaftry of Pajly, and Ro- 
 bert his Brother Duke of Albany, was appointed Governour during the 
 King’s Confinement. He Governed Fourteen Years, and Died. After 
 him his Son Earl of Fife, was made Governour in his Stead. 
 
 This Murdoch had a wicked Son named VFalter, who was a very un- 
 dutiful Son to the Father; he played many unlucky Pranks to his 
 Father. Murdoch delighted \'ery much in Hunting and Hawking, and • 
 had an excellent Falcon, which VValtef coveted, but the Father de- 
 nyed himofit, Walter fnatched it from his Father’s Hand and wrung 
 off her Neck, which vexed the Father fo, that he faid to him ; Well 
 fince I' cannot Govern yon, FH bring home one Jhall Govern us both-. And 
 from that Day furtheied the King’s Releafe, which he did foon after, 
 by paying the Sum of 40000 Marks. JAMES ' 
 
:88 the HlStO^^r of 
 
 J AMES I. the loid King o( scot L JND. 
 
 J AMES I. the Son of Robert III. was Reftored after he had been 
 Eighteen YearsPrifoner in England^ in the Year of the World 5894, 
 in the Year of ChriH: 1424, atter the Reign.1754; a good, piou5, 
 and learned Prince, and a fevere Juhiciar. He Married Jane Daughter 
 to the Duke of Somerfet, by whom he had Two Sons', Alexander who 
 Died in his Father’s Life Time, and James who fucceeded him in the 
 Crown, and Margaret who was Married to Lewis the Eleventh King 
 of France. The King with his Queen arrived at Edinburgh, and kept 
 the Solemnity oi Eafler thtve, and after went to Perth, and called a 
 Parliament there, where Murdoch Duke of Albany, Walter and Alex- 
 ander hh Sons, Duncan Kax\ 0's Lenox his Son-in-Law , and Robert 
 Graham, were Tryed and found Guilty of feveral heinous Crimes, be- 
 tides the Imprifonment and Death of David Duke of Rothfay, in 
 which they were Art and Part ; and that Murdoch and his Sons du- 
 ring the King’s Confinement, had been Guilty of great Oppreffion, 
 and had unjufily put Perlcns to Death. They were Sentenced, and af- 
 terwards Executed at Stirling. After that their Coufin Walter Earl of 
 Athole, with hisKinsman Robert Graham, Means to revenge 
 
 the Deaths of their Kinfmen ; And it is faid that Walter was told by 
 a Female Witch, That he fliould be Crowned King in a great Con- 
 ■ courfe of People, which was after fulfilled. The King had feveral Skir- 
 mifiies with the Englifh, wherein he had the better. Notwithllanding 
 their League, when he had fatisfied their moft unjuft Demands, and 
 inviolably performed his Part of the Agreements, yet they provoked 
 him to Proclaim War againft them, and raifed an Army and Befieged 
 Roxbroiigh, where they had planted a Garrifon ; but when they were 
 upon the Point of Surrender, the Queen came Poft to the King with 
 bad News of a Conlpiracy that was formed againft his Life. Upon 
 this News lie Disbanded his Army, and returned to Perth and lodged 
 in the Dominicans Cloyfter, near the Walls of the Town. Walter Rxivl 
 of (who was the chief Confpirator) met the King among the 
 reft, toremove his Sufpidon, and knowing that their Plot would foon 
 be difeovered, determined to Murder the King that fame Night, which 
 they did in the followiag Manner,; They hired one of the King’s Do- 
 mefticksto give them Entry into the King’s Bed-Chamber; butwhilft 
 they were entering, one Walter. Straiton, a faithful Servant of the 
 King’s, was coming out of the Bed-Chamber, and meeting Armed 
 Men, cryed aloud, Traitors\ traitors] And whilft they were di.fpatch- 
 
 ing 
 
ing him, a Young Lady of the Name of Dowglafs miffing the Bolt of 
 the Door, which was layedout ofthc way on Purpofe, thruft in her Arm 
 to fupply the Place of it; but they Broke her Arm, and Ruffit in upon 
 the King, which when the Queen faw, ffie Endeavoured to Defend 
 his Body, whereby flie received feveral Wounds. After they Stabbed 
 the King, they made their Efcape, but were all Apprehended by fnc 
 Diligence of the Nobility, and Walter the Contriver of the Murder 
 was put to Severe Torture Three Days together. TheTirft Day he 
 was put on a Cart, and an Engine with Bullies that Hoifted him up 
 by Ropes, and let him down fuddenly, which loofened all his Joynts 
 with Exccffive Pain; The fecond Day he was fct on a high'Piilory and 
 a Red hot Iron Crown put on his Head, with this Motto, Ihe King 
 of all Traitors] and the third Day he was Dragged along theStreets 
 on a Hurdle, and his Bowels taken out and Burnt, and his Four,-Quar- 
 ters put upon Polis; and Robert Graham^ who aftually Stabbed the 
 King, was Carried through the City with his Hand nailed toaGaU 
 lows fixed on a Cart, and the Executionersrunningburninglronsinto 
 allthefleffiy Parts of his Body ; and all the Reft of the Confpirators 
 were Hanged. No Doubt this was thought very Severe Puniffiment, 
 as the learned Buchatman faid. It Exceeded the very Bounds of Huma- 
 I nity: But I am not of hisOpinion; for I really think the Severed Tor- 
 tures that can be Invented are little Enough to puniffi any one who 
 dare attempt any thing to take away the Life of their lawful King^ 
 
 ; or the Liberty of their Native Country. 
 
 This Good King was greatly lamented by all his Subjefts. He was 
 flain in the Flower of his Age when he Intended to fettle the Kingdom 
 and Inftitute Good Laws. He was Inferior to none of his royal An- 
 ceftors for rich Endowments of Body and Mind; though ofa low Size 
 I yet he was very Strong, and Exceeded mod Perfons in his Age, in 
 Strength and Agility ; And as to his Mind, he was Endued with that 
 Vigour andQuicknefs of Wit, thathewas not Ignorant of any Science 
 worthy the knowledge of a Perfon of a fine Genius, He was Ex- 
 cellently well Skilled in Mufick, tor there was no Inftrument but he 
 Could readily play upon it and his.Voice fo adapted to it, that he might 
 be Compared with the Beft Mafterin thofe Days. That he underftood 
 Civil Government well, Sufficiently Appears by the Laws which he 
 made, by which he not only much benefited his own Age, but alfo 
 Pofterity; and his greateft Enemies, who detrafted from him whilft 
 alive, when he was dead, mod paffionately revered his Memory. He 
 was Murdered the 12 th of February^ in the Year of Chrift i4^7 
 
 G g ‘in 
 

 The HISTO^Tof 
 
 in tire Forty fourth Year of bis Age, and the Thirteenth Year of 
 iris Reign, Thirty one Years after his Father’s Death. He was. Buri- 
 ed in the Charter Houfc of Pertb^ leaving, only one Son named James-.^ 
 the you-nger of Twins. , 
 
 JAMES II. the io 3 d Klngof SCOT LJND. 
 
 J -AMES II. fucceeded his Father James I. in the. Year of th« | 
 
 , World 5407; in the Year of Chrift i 447 * Reign 1767. j 
 
 He was but Seven Years of Age when he was Crowned in the Ab- 
 bey of Holy rood-houfe at Edinburgh^ the 25th of March after the Mur- j 
 der of his Royal Father. He not being fit to Govern, Alexander Li- 
 vingjion.^ the Anceftor of the Earl o{ Linlithgow, was made Regent 
 whereupon Archibald Earl o( Dowglafs was offended, and nrade a Par- 
 ty againft the Regent, and having got the Queen Dowager of hisSide, 
 thofe Divifions continued during the King’s Minority; Sir. William 
 Crichton Chancellor, he found means to Enfnare the Earl of 
 Dowglafs, his Brother David, and Sir Malcolm Fleeming of Cumber- 
 Tiald, They gave them a friendly Invitation to the Caftle of 
 and being fet with the young King at Dinner, when they . were very 
 cheerful, the Head of a Bull (which was a Sign of prefent Death in 
 thofe Days) was fet before and as he was rifingup, he was 
 
 Seized by Armed Men, and carried to the outer Court of the Calfle, 
 .and Beheaded, notwithftanding the Crys and Tears of the youngKing, 
 that their Lives might be fafe. The King being of Age foon after, and 
 took the Government upon him, he remembring the Murder of the 
 aforefaid Perfon, cAled a Parliament, and fummoned Livingflon Siud 
 Crichton to give an Account of their Adminillration. But they finding 
 the Earl Friends had got into Favour with the King, in- 
 
 head of anfwering the Summons, fled beyond Seas. Upon which their 
 Ellates were forfeited; but by the Intereft of their Friends they were 
 afterwards reftored to- their Ehates. The'King was Married to 
 Daughter to the Duke of Guilders _ by whom he had three. Sons, James 
 Prince of Scotland, Alexander Duke oi Albany, and John Earl of Marr, 
 The Englifb having been in League 'wxth Scotland, were prevailed up- 
 on by one Magus Red-beard (a Man Trained from his Youth in War) 
 to Invade Scotland\ he having got the Command of the Army. He 
 told the Kmgo( England,- He would defire noother Reward for his Ser- 
 vice,, but what L.and he would Conquer by his own. Falour of Scotland. 
 W,ben. King had Noticeof his, Approach, he gave the Command 
 
SCOTL A NEK 
 
 of hiS' ArQiy to George Dunbar 'Eivl of Ormond^ who met Red-beard, 
 3-nd gave him Battle, and obtained the Vidiory, having flain the faid 
 Red-Reard^ andmoft Part of hh Array, and carried many of t\\t Englijk 
 Prilbnersto the Caftlc-of Lochmahin. ■ Afterwards Peace being Con- 
 cluded with England, there happened much Domeflick Di'iVurbance, The 
 Earl ofD(?rpg;/4/> out offomeDirguft left the Kingdom, arhd went loBome^. 
 but being fummoned, toappcar, he returned ; but inftead of appearing 
 before the King, he met with the Earls oi Crawford and Kofs, and 
 Entered into a Confederacy OfFcnfive and Defenfive^ .againft all Ene- 
 mies whatfbever, (not excepting the King) and with a ftrong Party, 
 he carne to fpeak with the King zt Stirling ya.nd hQing alone with 
 the King, his Majefty fpoke very friendly to him, and promis’d hiifi^ 
 If be would behave himfelf as become a Subjell, he fhould find all the Fa- 
 vour could be expeHed of a Sovereign ; and at the fame Time Expoftu- 
 lated with him to break the Confedar^cy with Crawford and Bj>fs, 
 which he obftinately refufed, whereupon the King in a Paffion run 
 him through the Body, faying; If you will' not, I (hall break it. Up* 
 on that the Confederate Earls with their Parties, made a great Di- 
 fturbance, but at lad they fubmitted to the King’s Mercy. The King 
 having fettled all Domeftrek Broils, he pad with an Army againdthe 
 Englijh, and laid Siege to Cadle, and having rais’d a Bat- 
 
 tery to dorm it, the King was flain by an oyer-charged Piece of Ord- 
 nance, in the 24th Year of his Reign, and 2pth Year of his Age; 
 but lead the Soldiers (hould be difeouraged at hisDeath, they covered 
 his Body, and the Queen with her elded Son that very Day came to 
 the Camp, and with unexpefted Courage contfhued the Siege, and took 
 the Cadle, and Razed it to the Ground. Thus Died the bed of Kings 
 in the Flower of his Age. He had been bred upfrom his Youth in the 
 Knowledge of all profitable Sciences, which he very much iiuproved. 
 He was from his Infancy Exercifed in either Domedick or Foreign 
 Wars. He bore with Profperity and Adverfity with great Moderation 
 of Mind. He (hewed fuch Valour againd his Enemies, -and fudr Cle° 
 mency to thofe that fubmitted to him, that all Edates were much af- 
 flifted for his Lofs. He was Buried at Holy^rood-boufe in Edinburgh.- 
 
 JAMES III. the io 4 th Kingmf SCOTLAND. 
 
 J AMES III. a Child of Seven Years old, fucceeded his Father In 
 i the Year of the World 54^0, in the Year of Chrid i 4 < 5 o. after the 
 Reign -1790; In the Beginning -of his Reign great Contention a.. 
 
 rofe 
 
T^he HlSrO^Yof 
 
 arofe about the Regency, between Kennedy s and thQBoids^ and the 
 
 Queen his Mother, about the Care of the young King ; but the 
 prevailed, and the Queen had the overfight of the King’s Education, 
 but had no Powerto meddle in publick Affairs. When theKing was 
 of Age, he married Margaret Daughter to the King of Denmark and 
 iVbrtP/y', with whom he had the Iflesof Shetland ^nd Orkney^ which was 
 Given to theKingsof Scotland for Ever. She bare who fucceeded 
 his Father, and John Duke oi Albany. 'Y.htBoids had always a great 
 intereft with the King, and many Licentious Ferlons were about 
 the Court, fo that many of the Subjects Exclaimed againft fomc 
 worthlefs Perfons who had too great Influence with the King, which 
 at laft broke out into open Rebellion; feveral of the Nobility were 
 prompted by a fet of unruly Perfons to take the Prince with them, and 
 Raifedan Army, with a Pretence to Redrefs Grievances. The ifing be- 
 ing Enraged at his Rebellious Subjefls, went from Edinburgh no Stir- 
 lings but could not have Admittance there, for the Rebels had taken 
 Poffeflionof that Strength, and he was obliged to give them Battle at 
 Bannock-Burn^ where his Army was w'orfled and himfelf flain the iith 
 of in the 28th Year of his Reign, and 35th Year of his Age. Af- 
 ter his Death Alexander Forbefs^ Chief of the Ancient and Noble Fa- 
 mily of that Name, Carried the icing’s Bloody Shirt upon a Spear 
 through leveral Places, and was Joyned by EarlofX^/zo;r, and 
 
 John Drummond. They attacked the Paricides as they were Encamped 
 andfiewmany of them, and put the Reft to Flight, and took the Prince 
 from them. The A'ing was Buried at the Monaftry oiCambuskeneth near 
 Stirlings with all due Grandeur. He was very much lamented by all 
 his faithful Subjefts; butfuch aswere hisEncmiesandtheirSucceffors, 
 applauded the Rebellion of his Enemies; as all Rebels and Traitors 
 have a Set of Friends, fo had the Enemies of that Unfortunate iTing; 
 But in my humble Opinion, None but a Favourer ofiifing-killersandE- 
 nemy to Monarchy,, would fpcak favourably of Rebels. 
 
 J AMES IV. the 105th King of SCO JL AND. 
 
 5 AMES IV. Succeededhis Father, intheYearot the World 5459. 
 in the Year df Chrift 1489. after the. Reign 1819 Years, He was 
 Fifteen Yearsoldat his Father’s Death ; he was a Prince of fucli 
 a Majeftick Countenance and Excellent Endowments of Body and Mind, 
 that he was beloved even by his Greatefl: Enemies ; he took the Man- 
 aer of his . Father’s Death vc.ry much to heart, and in Teftimo- 
 
SCOTLAND. 
 
 ny of his great Affliftion, therefore he wore an Iron Chain, ad- 
 ding fome Links or Rings to it every Year fo long as he Jiv’d. 
 He was married to Margaret the Eldeft Daughter to i/eary the7th 
 King of England^ by whom he had three Sons, James'^ Arthur and 
 Alexander^ James fucceeded his Father, but Arthur and Alexander 
 died when they were Young. In his Reign a Jlrange Monfter was 
 born in Scotland^ the under Part of the Body Refembling a Male 
 Child, but above the Navel there were two Bodies Refembling Male 
 and Famale, the King gave fpecial Care for it’s Education, it was 
 taught Mulick to greatPerfedion, and Languages: It liv’d 28 Years and 
 diedi but as the two Bodies difagreed in many Things,whi!eali ve; at their 
 Deaths the one died Firft and began to confume, whereat the other 
 pin’d away and died. The Truth of this Prodigy we have affirm’d by 
 the beft Authors. In the beginning of King James''^ Reign he built 
 many large Ships, fome of them being the Greateft thenin Europe, and 
 gave the Command ofthc Fleet to one ^«^/rw?K>oi,who fought the 
 Fleet twice at Sea, and the Laft Time, Stephen Bull thtEng- 
 
 '//)^,Admiral with all theCaptainsof his Fleet Prifoners. KingJ^w^/ftood 
 by Lewis the 12th when all the other Princes of Europe wereagainft 
 him, and declared War againft the Englijh, and as he was railing an 
 Army, being at Church in Linlithgow at his Devotion, an Antient 
 Man ol a very reverend Afped: (but fomewhat Strange in his Apparel) 
 came into the Church, and leaning over the Seat where the 
 
 -Ki ng was, be fpoke to the King faying, 1 am fent hitherto entreat 
 you may delay your intended Expedition, for if you don't you fhall not 
 Profper, and I am further charged if you are fo refolute as to go Forward, not 
 to ufe the Company or Council of Women : And having delivered this 
 Commiffion he withdrew himfelf, but could not be feen after. The 
 Queen did alfo intreat him iwith Tears, but he went forward, and 
 with an Army of i2,oco Men Engag’d the Englifh Army confifting 
 of 26 ,co^, having fought with great Courage till Night ended the 
 Battle; The General the Lord Howard, fent in the Morning 
 
 to the Field of Battle and found the Scots Train of Artillery and 
 the Slain unfiript. In this Battle was (lain the King with the Earls of 
 Huntly, Lenox, Muntrofs, Crawford, Argyle, and many other Men of 
 great Efteem.belides 4 ooo Private Men, the Slaughter was very great 
 on the Englifh Side, but their Viftory made them take no Notice of 
 their Lofs, for indeed it was the Greateft Viftory the Englifh ever 
 obtained over th^Scots: Several Perfons have fpoken Varioufly ol the 
 King’s Fates, but moft People believe he was flain in the Field, be- 
 
 H h caufe 
 
The mSTO^r of 
 
 caufe he was a Prince of Undaunted Courage^ and would rather dye- 
 then fly before an Enemy; He was certainly a very Great as well as 
 Good King. ’Tis faid of him he had no Defeft neither in Body nor 
 Mind; his Shapes and Countenance were Manly and Majeftick, and 
 his Difpofition Gentle and Generous, free from any vitious Inclinati- 
 ons. He was faithful in performing, all his Promifes, and very merci- 
 ful. He obtained feveral Viftories over the Engliflj both by Sea and 
 Land; butyet at laft fell inthisBattle, which certainly was the Lolsof 
 the Day. Ashe was dear to all whilft living; , his Death was mightily 
 lamented by every one, and the Remetnbrance of him was longer re- 
 tained than any King we have, heard or read of. He loft his Life the 
 9th oi September^ A, D. 1514, in the 4 oth Year of his Age, and 25th 
 Year of his Reign. 
 
 JAMES V. the io5th King of SCOTLAND. 
 
 J iAMES V . an Infant Two Years old, fucceeded his Father in the 
 [Year of the World 5484, in the Year of Chrift 1514, after the 
 Scotland i 844 » At firft the Queen took the R-egency up- 
 on her; butby Marrying the Earl of ^«^«/,(which.fliedidtoftrength- 
 en her Party,) many of the Nobility Delerted her, and John Duke of 
 Albany was made Regent. He had been formerly Baniflied, but upon 
 his Return he was firft R.eftored to his Father’s EftatC} and when the 
 Earls of Angus ind. Arm were Contending for the Regency, a third 
 Party fet up for the Duke and carry’d it for him. He Governed with 
 Equity in fome Cafes for fome Time, but returning to France, heleft 
 the Management of Affairs to the Earls of Arran, Argyle and 
 
 Bnntly ; and in his Abfence great Divifions happened betwixt the Go- 
 vernours, and the took that Opportunity to Invade Scotland, 
 
 but were forced to retire without Succefs. The Regent returned from 
 France with Three thoufand Soldiers, he March’d them to the 
 
 Borders, and took the Caftle of Wark and fome other Places, which 
 made the Englip defirous of Peace ; but the . Regent would not confent 
 to it. He went over again to France,and the Queen with theEarl of Arran, 
 Lenox, Crawford, brought the young King to the Palace of Holy- 
 rofidSonfe, and he took the Government upon himfclf, and all the No- 
 bility Convened to the King, and he difeharged all publick Officers, 
 and immediately reponed them to their Places. Now the Hamiltons 
 and Dowglajfes who were formerly at Variance, joined their Parties, 
 and took the entire Management of the King ; of which he was- foon 
 
 weary. 
 
SCOTLAND. 
 
 weary, and fent Notice thereof to the Earl of XewAr, who raifed a ftrong 
 Party to take the King from them ; Both Parties met near Linlith- 
 gow^ and they fought defperately, but the Earl of Lenox being flain, 
 his Party was Routed.- After that the King iludi:d all pofllble Means 
 to free himfelf from the Bowglajfes^ but di-! not dircover his Defigns 
 to any, till he had a convenient Opportunity at Falkhnd^ where he 
 with a Number of trufty Servants, in the Night tooit his Journey to 
 Stirling, and took the Government entirlyupon himfelf, and llfuedE- 
 difts to call a Parliament at Edinburgh, which met the 3d of Septem- 
 ber, wherein the were difcharged from Court, which oc- 
 
 eafioned much Difturbance, Gavin Dunbar was made Chancellor, and' 
 Robert Cairncrofs the Earl of udngus, his Brother George, 
 
 and Archibald his Uncle, were Baniflied beyond whereat they 
 were lo exafperated, thatthcy took very extravagant Courfes, which 
 fo incenfed the King, that they were Banifhed out of the Kingdom, 
 and were forced to fly to England, and were Entertained by King Hen- 
 ry VIII. and '.prevailed on him to break the League with Scotland, and 
 having fent a flying Party over the Bordets, pillaged fome Villages in 
 Annandale &nd Clydfdale: But King fames xaikd an Army, and gave the 
 Command of them to the Earl of Murray, whereupon the Englijh re- 
 tired, and the Scots, divided into three Parties, entered Kngland, and 
 returned with great Booty without any Oppofition. The King fent 
 Letters full of Complaints againft his Uncle KingHenry to the Court 
 oi France. After that Henry (mt^n Ambaffador to 5rot/4»i, delifing 
 King James might appoint a Day and Place of Interview, that they 
 might Confer together; and at the fame Time made an Offer to him 
 ot his Daughter Mary, and that he would leave him King of all Bri- 
 tains after his Death ; and that he might the better Credit his Pro- 
 mife, he would make him Duke ofTork, and Vice-Roy of the King- 
 dom of England. James at firff feemed to confent, but upon fecond 
 Thought, declined it, as fufpefting Henry's Defigns were about his 
 Religion, which bred great Noife at that Time over all Europe. For 
 fome Time before that King Henry had fent the Bifhop of St. David's 
 to Scotland with fome Books containing the Thefes of Religion. The 
 King fliewed all due Refpeft to the Bi^op, but as for the Books he 
 told, That they only belonged to Churchmen, and took no Notice of them. 
 To hy the Truth of his Majefty, he was no Biggot, nor did he fuffer 
 Priefts of any Kind to difturb his Reign. Henry finding his Nephew 
 had flighted his Embaffy, took it in great Difdain, and from that Time 
 ftudied Revenge. . 
 
pS The HIST 0^7 of 
 
 The King having had feveral Matches propos’d to him, yet took 
 his own Method : For he was ofa very EnterprifingGenius, and flight- 
 ed all Teeming Dangers, and was very Refolute, and could fuffer the great- 
 eft Hardfliip with Pleafure to accomplifli his Aims; nor wanted he 
 Solidity of Judgment and Prudence to manage with Eafe what Teem’d 
 very difficult to others. In the Year lyBy, about the firft of Septem- 
 ber^ he went on Board one of his Ships at Xeifi?, .and in four Days ar- 
 rived at Diep inNormondy ; from that he went in DiTguiTe loVendofmt^ 
 where he Taw the Duke o( pourbon's Daughter, but did not fancy her. 
 He went ftreight to the Court of France^ and fell in Love with Mag- 
 dalen^ Daughter to Francis the Firft, and was Married to her the firft 
 Day of January^ in the Church of Nofierdame, with great Solemnity, 
 and returned with her to Scotland the 29th of May after ; but flie Died 
 in July thereafter, to the great Grief of the King and all his Subjefts. 
 She was Buried in the Royal Vaut in Holy.rood-boufc. The King being 
 defirous of Succeflion, Tent over David Beaton and the Lord Maxwell 
 toi Trance^ for Afliry Daughter to the Duke oiGuife^ and Grand-Daugh- 
 ter to Renatus Duke oi Lorain, That Lady the King had Teen at the 
 Court of France there. She arrived Tafe the 12th of June at 
 .Balcomite^ and was Married to the King with great Solemnity, in the 
 Cathedral Church of St. y^«ireiJ7’s. She bare him two Sons and one 
 Daughter, who Tucceded her Tather ; for the two Sons died young in 
 the King’s Life-time. The Kingtook all due Care to punifli Theft and 
 Robbsry. ’Tis Taid that he went very often in Difguife in feveral Parts 
 of the Country, by w'hich Means he had made himTelf acquainted 
 with the Manners and DiTpoTitions of his Subjects of all Ranks. Of 
 his merry Pranks there are ftill extant many diverting Stories. But 
 what is moft to be taken Notice of is, the famousCoiledge of Juftice, 
 t Judicatory inferior to none in Europe^ which is a lafting Monument 
 of this great King’s Worth: Of it 1 fliall take Notice by it Telf. 
 
 Henry King of England finding his propoTed Interview flighted, 
 was Highly offended at King Jumes^ and Tent the Earl of Northfolk 
 with an Array of 4 cooo Men over the Border of ; but hear- 
 
 ing that the King oi Scotland had raifed an Army of 3 o.oco Com- 
 manded by George Garden they retired over the Border, but were 
 attacked by George Hume with a fmall Party of Horfe, and a great 
 Number of them flain ; King being forward to proTecute the 
 War, and UnadviTedly gavetheCommand of his Army to Oliver Sin- 
 clair Brother to the Laird of Rojline, he march’d the Army to the 
 Borders, with the other Nobles, telling them he had the King’s Com- 
 
 miffion 
 
S C O T "L A N D. 
 
 91 
 
 miffion to be deliver’d to them at a certain Time, which they imagi. 
 ned to be to one of themfelves, but kept it as a Secret, untill they 
 were ready to joyn Battle with the Englijh Army ; and when he or- 
 dered Commiriion to himfelf from the King to be read, the whole 
 Army took it in fuch Difdain that they run all into Diforder, 
 breaking their Ranks; and when the Englijh beheld their Confufion, 
 they without Delay alfaulted them, (the Englijh Army being Thrice the 
 Number ot the Seats.) and routed them, and took many Prifoners; 
 when the Lofs of this Battle was made known to the King, he 
 was very much affliifted, and what added very much to his Affliftion 
 was the Lofs of both his Sons, the one died at St. Jndrevps, and 
 the other at Sterling in one Week- The King retir’d to his Palace of 
 Falkland.^ and after a few Days Sicknefs- departed tliisLife the i3th 
 December in the 3 3d Year of his Age, and 3 id Year of his Reign, 
 and was upon the 19 th of January after Entombed in the Royal 
 Vault in the i\.bbey of Ffolyroad Houfe by his Chiton Magdalen^ 
 rvhere their Bodies with many others of the Royal Family lie in 
 Lead Coffins entire to this Day. About Eight Days before the King’s 
 Death, the Queen was brought to Bed of a Daughter, after named 
 -Mary. This King was the Greatefi; Lofs that ever Scotland fuftain’d: 
 He was certainly as Great and Good a King as ever fat upon the 
 Throne of that Antient Nation ; for its Intereft and Advantage was 
 the only Scopeof his Defigns, which he fufficiently teftified by refu- 
 ting the many profitable Offers of the King of England ; only, bc- 
 caufe he knew how pernicious the Confequences of fuch Coveteouf- 
 nefs would inevitably prove to his Native CoxmW'j Scotland-. In his 
 Life-timehis Countenance, and the Make of his Body was very Come- 
 ly and Proper, his Stature was Tall, but his Strength above the Pro- 
 ..portion of his Body; his Wit Penetrating and Sufficiently cultiva- 
 ted with Learning; he was Excellently well skill’d in Mufick, and 
 madeVerfes Extempore, fome whereof are yet Extant, wherein doth 
 appear Excellency of Wit, and Humour adapted to theSubjefl:. He 
 was perfedfly well acquainted with the Cuftomes and Conftitution of 
 his Country ; and though very Auftere and Severe to Offenders ; yet, 
 was very Humble, Mild and Eafy of Accefs, even to the pooreft Per- 
 fons. He very often took Notice of Indigent Perfons, and would pa- 
 tiently hear their Caufes, and grant their jull Defires,ib penetrating 
 was his Judgment, that he often beheld Perfons at a Diftance, and 
 calling them, would tell them he read a Petition in their Countenance, 
 his Regard to the meaner Sort got him the Name of the poor Man’s 
 
 I i King; 
 
pS The HlST‘0‘RTof 
 
 King; without Favour to the Peer^ he did Juftice to the Peafant, . 
 So that all good Men might rather fay, they loft their Father than 
 their King ; For, from that Day to this, Scotland has been like a 
 Fatherlefs Orphan. I may juftly compare the oi Scotland and. 
 
 England (ever fince our Kings accepted of that Crown) to the Cafe 
 of Children of a Man by two^Wives for whilft our Kings were cur 
 own, they had that Regard for the as Fathers Generally have, 
 when they have none but Children by one Woman; but going to 
 they Left and forgot Scotland Wkt a deccafed Wife, and -E»g- 
 land Step-mother like ever fince has inticed our Sovereign’s to ncgledl , 
 and flight their Native Country, Scotland ; Eut this Generous King , 
 di dained thofe offers made him by King Henry oi England \ only, be- 
 caufe he well confidered how deftrudive it would be to Scotland to 
 have their Kings placed upon the Throne of England^ fo great was . 
 his love to his Native. Counfry, that his Memoiy ought to be pre- 
 dpiis to every Scots Man. 
 
 While Time doth \ad o\d Albion revere, 
 
 This Monarch’s Memory and hold it dear, 
 
 MARY STEWART Queen of SCOPE AND. 
 
 M art STEWART only Daughter and Succeftbr to the 
 Fifth, was proclaimed Queen of Scotland, on the i 4 th ofDe- . 
 iember,.\n the Year of the World 5513, in the Year of Chrift 1543,- 
 after the beginning of the Reign of Scotland 1873 Years. She was 
 born the 8rh ot December, and was but five Days old, when her Fa- 
 ther the King died, Ihe vvasdefired in Marriage by Henry the Eighth 
 King of Sr.ngluna for his Son Edward ; but was married to Francis^ 
 the Second, (then Dauphi?i) afterwards King of France. She was 
 carried to France in the 6th Year of her Age, and was bred at that | 
 Court; and on the i 3 th of in the Year 1558, ftie was married 
 to the faid Francis but he was taken out of the World by an Im- ' 
 pofihame in his Ear ; She had no Kfue by him, and returned to Scot- 
 ^land, where fhe found the Nation by the Ears about Religion the 
 common Difturbance of every Nation. The Roman Catholicks, and 
 the Calvinifis were the contending Party: The Queen, having been 
 born and bred up in the Profeffion of the Church of Rome (whichl 
 rill then had been the Eftablifti’d Religion in Scotland) fhe counte- 
 iiahced thefe of that Profeffion^ In the beginning of this Reign du- 
 
SCOTL AND. 
 
 ring the Queens Minoruy, the Queen’s Mother with the Affihancc 
 of Cardinal Beaton kept the Regency; but the Cardinal being kill’d 
 in the Caftle of St. Andrews, by Norman Lejly Mafter of Aothefs, 
 William Kirkaldy of Grange, and John Lejly of Parkhi/l : The Earl of 
 Aran was raadeRegent, about this timetheQueen’sBaflardBrothery^wri-, 
 who had been bred a Roman Catholick, and was by the King his Fa- 
 ther defign’d for the Priorie of St. Andrews ; But after the Kings 
 Death, by iiding with thei?£’/orw^rr, he made himfelf fo very Populous, 
 that no lefs Thought polTefs’d his Mind then hopes of obtaining 
 the Crown, feeing there was only one Angle Woman betwixt him 
 and it ; As he look’d upon himfelf without Regard to his Illegitima- 
 cy to be the next Heir, he was a Sbtile Man, of a very Furious and 
 Turbulent Difpohtion ; he was by the Queen Created Earl of 
 andintruftedwith theChiefManagementof Affairs, which gave him the 
 better Opportunity toEffeftuate his wicked Defigns. 
 
 H After the Queens Return from France, there were Offers of 
 Marriage made to her by the King of Spain with his Son, and by the 
 Em.peror with his Brother ; But the Earl of Murray fearing fuch 
 Alliance, would not only Dcminilh his imediat-c Power, but alfo 
 would fruftrate his further Hopes ; he would not let the Queen liden 
 to their Propofitions, but inftead thereof propofed Henry Stewart 
 Lord- Harnty, Son to Matthew Stewart Earl of Lenox. Henry 
 not only being the Queens neared Relation, but alfo was for his 
 Comelinefs of Pcrfon more Remarkable than any in the Kingdom : 
 He likewife was accompliflied with excellent Endowments of Mind 
 as well as Body : ^\xx. Murray thinking that his Youth would anfwer 
 his Defigns, and that he fliould reign in him, and by him, untill he 
 could arrive at the Scope of his Defigns; which made him contri- 
 bute the more to haften the Marriage, which was Solemnized the 
 2Sth of July 1565 Edinburgh, and the next Day they were pub- 
 lickly Proclaimed by the Lord Loyon Kingat ARMS, by the Names 
 of Henry and Mary King and Queen of Scotland. The defigning Earl 
 of Murray found his great Hopes blafted by the Kings turning very 
 cold to him, as being well acquainted with his Behaviour to fome of 
 Ills own and the Queen’s beft Friends ; the Earl having bred great Di- 
 fturbance in the Nation, was banifned the Kingdom, and fled for 
 Shelter to the Court of England, where he began his wicked De- 
 figns againft: the Queen his Sifter ; And altho’ abfent himfelf, yet he 
 had left his other felf James Dowglejs E^t\ of Morton at the Court 
 of Scotland, who was Art and Part in all his inhumane Deeds: Mur- 
 ray having fent him Inftru£tions from Time to Time, to fow the 
 
 Seeds 
 
100 
 
 the HlSrO^Tof 
 
 Seeds of Difcord betwixt the King and Queen ; which he performed 
 with incredible Cunning. He took Opportunity to whifper to rhe 
 King, that he was only a King in Name and not in Kffeft, with le- 
 veral fuch Stories, which were too eafily believed by the Young 
 Prince ; On the other Hand, this Forger of Iniquity, heating two 
 Furnaces with one Fagot; ceafed not to tell the Queen, that ihe 
 muft Chaftife the Raflinefs of the Young Prince, and retain to her 
 felf the entire Sovereignity, otherwife his unruly Pa flions attempting 
 to divide the Government betwixt them, would put all Things unto 
 fuch Confufion, that it might be taken away from them both. This 
 was the crafty Advice, which made the Queen refolve to enjoy the 
 Right and Prerogative ofher Birth; and ihe did afterwards Reign 
 in f^ull Authority: And this wioXitH. Morton on the other hand pre- 
 vailed with his Deceitful Inventions on the King, fo far, that his Af- 
 feftions towards the Queen were very much cooled. The Queen ha- 
 ving at that Time one David Ricio^ ;‘n Italian by Birth, an old dif- 
 creet Man, whom the Queen employ’d as her Secretary in Writing 
 to Foreign Princes. Altho’ he was known at that Time to be an old 
 Man, and very Deformed bf Body, tho’ a Man of great Judgment: 
 Notwithftanding of which, much hasbeen fince reflefted upon the Ho- 
 nour of the Queen with that faithful Servant; and fuch was the Craft 
 of that wicked Thar he enraged the King againft the poor 
 
 old Man, by telling him that David Ricio had the only Power with 
 the Queen.; and that while he was alive the King could not expert to 
 maintain his Dignity, nor the Nobility their Safety. Whereupon 
 the King Morton and fome other Armed Men, went to the Pa- 
 lace and (lev; the poor helplcfs Ricio. After he had received many 
 Wounds, the Queen came to know the Matter of the Noife, and was 
 fo affrighted at the Horrour of the Sight, that ihe almoft fell down 
 dead, and when flie recovered and complain’d of the Cruelty, one of 
 the Murderers, without any Regard to her Perfon or Condition, ( (he 
 being then with Child) held a Fihol to her, defiling her to with- 
 draw. But the King took fo much Notice of her, as to defire (lie might 
 not be afraid,, for there was no Hurt intended to her; and that all 
 was done that was defigned; but Morton carried the King aw'ay, and 
 made him lock up the Queen in the Palace, and put a Guard of Sol- 
 diers, and removed her Attendance. then told the King, if he 
 
 would Support and Maintain. their Defigns, they would fet the Crown 
 upon his Head, and he (liould enjoy it alone; for their Defigns w'ere 
 to Deftroy the Queen by fome crafty Wyle, and fo far they proceed- 
 ed 
 
S C O T L A N D. 
 
 101 
 
 cd as to difperfe many treafonable Libels full of Calumny againft her 
 Majefty; and at the fame time the Earl of Murray, the chief Engi- 
 neer of all their Plots, returned from the Court of and they 
 
 made him an Overture of their pernicious Councils: But he to de- 
 ceive the innocent Queen with more Eafe, feemed to Entertain their 
 Aftions with great Horror and Surprife; for he was not willing that 
 his Deligns (hould be carried on with fuch an Extremity of Violence. 
 But repaired to the Queen in private, and pretended to ask Pardon for 
 hispaft Offences, promifing all Fidelity and Obedience; and advifed 
 her to Pardon the Murder of Ricio, and receive all the Offenders into 
 her Favour. The good Queen told him that flie was willing to do eve- 
 ry thing that Oould conduce to the Peace and Profperity of her Peo- 
 ple; and alfo told him, thataltho’ hehaduTed her with too much Ma- 
 lice for a Brother, fhe was ready to efteera and cherifh him as fo, and 
 affured him. That her Heart wat without Gall. But when Murray was 
 with the Queen, the King had Notice thereof, and was afraid of his 
 evil Counfel to her, and as foon as the King entered, Murray went 
 out; and the Queen feeing him difpleafed, Addrefs’d him, faying-: 
 “ Alas and wherefore thus Sir, is this that I have deferved for loving 
 “ you above all Men in the World? Mull I be forced from your Friend- 
 “ (hip to adhere to my moft cruel Enemies? If I have deferved Death 
 “ for doing you all the Good that lay in my Power; What hath this 
 “ little innocent in my Womb committed, whom I do not preferve 
 but only to encreafe your Power? The Excefs of thefe violent Pro- 
 “ ceedings will tear away the Life both from the Mother and the 
 “ Child, and then I am affraid you will too late difeover the Violence 
 “ and Rage of thofe who perfuade you to deftroy that which you 
 “ (hould hold moft dear, and to bury your felf in my Ruins.” As fhc 
 fpoke thofe Words, which were mixed with Tears, the King’s Heart 
 was fo much foftened with Compaflion, that he not only upon his 
 Knees defired Pardon, breathing forth many Sighs, accompanied with 
 Tears of Love, but alfo at the fame Time declared unto her the Con- 
 fpiracy which was plotted for her Ruin; and told her he was refolved 
 to Live or Die with her. This Confidence rejoyced her greatly, and 
 after having Exhorted him to Implore the Mercy of God above all 
 Things, for im.bruing his Hands in innocent Blood, She defired him 
 not to difeover their Love to the Confpirators, Icaft they would turn 
 all their malitious Fury againft him for difeovering their Plots, Now 
 the Queen having believ’d Murray's feign’d Repentance, took him in- 
 to Favour ■. But the King who well knew his Deceitful ; Councils, 
 
 K k could 
 
The msrOnYof 
 
 could not endure him. to come near the Queen; yet the good Queen 
 would willingly reconcile him to her Brother, but he would not let 
 her know how. great an Enemy Murray was to her, and was refolved. 
 to Seize him and put him. out of the Way, by confining him toaclofe 
 Prifon. But Murray coming to the Knowledge thereof, prevented it 
 by plotting the King’s Death. 
 
 The Queen was brought to Bed in Edinburgh Caftle of a Son, the 
 19th Day of June^ 1566. He was Baptized at Stirling the 17th of De- 
 and was called The Witnelfes were. Count for 
 
 the King of France^ the Earl of Bedford for Queen Elizabeth of Eng^ 
 idnd, and an Ambalfador for the Duke of Savoy. Soon after the King 
 being at Glajfgow^ fell Sick, and had the Small-Pox, and the Queen 
 went thither to bring him, as ihe intended, to the Royal Palace at 
 Hdlj-rood-houfe. But in the Queen’s Abfence, the Earls of Murray and 
 Morton had Concerted the King’s Death, and meeting the Queen with 
 the King, they advlfed her to let him lodge in one of the Suburbs, which 
 they pretended was wholfomer Air for him till he was recovered. They at 
 firftdefignedt-o involve the Queen and her Son in the fameDefiruftion ; 
 But fearing that would be too apparent, they at laft deter- 
 
 mined to Murder the King, and charge the Queen with it; to that 
 End they tormented the Queen, by reprefenting all the King’s Faults 
 In the mod provoking Manner, to render him hateful to her: But they 
 knew not of their reconciled Love. And when they found nothing 
 could be done that Way, they contrived to Deftroy the King, by un- 
 dermining his Bed-Chamber, with Powder, which they did; and as the 
 Queen, without any Fear of being, infedied with the Sitiall-Pox,, (which 
 !he never -had) vifited the King, and flayed, with him every Night 
 till Midnight, flie Stay’d that Night as formerly and having retir’d, 
 they fet Fire to their Train, and blew up the Houfe where he lay, and 
 he being thrown- half Dead into a Garden, the Authors of the inhu- 
 mane A 4 t did aflift the Element in difpatching him, when they found 
 him but half dead. When the innocent Queen heard of the horrible 
 file was furprized with- Horror and Amazement, and was almoft 
 diftrafted with the greatefl Agony- of Grief and Confufion ; and ex- 
 pelled, every Hour to find- the bloody Tragedy end in her own Life. 
 The Cruel Earl of who had now given the Blow by the In- 
 
 llruments of his Wickednefs, had, as, foon as he laid fare the Plot,, 
 cunningly retir’d the. fame N-ight, but unwarily faid to. the hearing of 
 fome Perfons who took Notice of it the Day before, that: Than 
 Night the King jhould certamly. be cured of all his Difiempers. Whicif, 
 
 with! 
 
 
with many other agreeing Circuraftances, made it clear that it was 
 a Plot of Murray's Contrivance; But he and his Confederates, with 
 all their Art Laboured to lay the Blame of the Horrid Faft on the 
 Queen. The Earl of Murray having in this Murder Employed James 
 Hepburn^ Earl of Bothml, oneof the moft powerful Earls of the Nation, 
 and avery Ambitious Man ; There having been feveral Proclamations 
 Iffaed Concerning the King’s Murder, but Murray and Morton had fo 
 great Power, that noneof thofe who knew themtobethe Authorsofit, 
 durft difeover what they knew, for fear of Lofing their Lives; and 
 fome Perfons of no Account they caufei to pretend to fly as the Au- 
 thors; and as they had all the Power, the poor afflifted Queen was 
 Glad to preferve her own Life and her Child’s. The Malicious Afxr- 
 ray^ to accomplifli his Defigns, propofed the Earl of for a Hus- 
 
 band to the Queen, and nevergave her reft untiHhe hadConfenced; At 
 flrft (he was aftoniflied at his Offer, and told Murray what was laid to 
 her concerning Bo-thwePs having a Hand in the King’s Death, where- 
 upon Murray Brought Bothwel to a pretended Tryal, and had him ac- 
 quitted, and. he brought the 'EdixX Bothwel to the Queen, and declared 
 his Innocency,. wkh many deep Oaths and Imprecations, and reitera- 
 ted his Importunities to. the Queen to Marry Bothwel^ Laying before 
 her. the Splendor of his Family, and the Exploits of his Courage, and 
 the great Proofs of his Fidelity, which did render him moft Worthy 
 of her Love, and begged of her to receive him as a fit Afliftant to ap- 
 peafe the Troubles, and prevent the EvilConfequencesof them, which 
 She alone could never do; and that Bothwel having both Power and 
 good Conduft,. could defend her in any Condition. This Wicked Earl 
 by this Subtile Device, propofed to Bothwel his Tool, either to ■ 
 be conjunft with him in the Government (he being his familiar Friend) 
 or by his Marriage to take Opportunity to Defame the Queen, and 
 overthrew her Authority, as afterwards came to pafs. 
 
 Murray who knew eafily he could prevail with tlie Queen, Drew a 
 Contraft of Marriage between the Queen and Bothiwel, and fign’d it as 
 with the Queen’s Confent, and made his Confederate the Earl of Mor- 
 ton and many other’s of the Nobility, fign the fame; which Contraft 
 when Bothwel had got in his Cuftody, he .went with 500 Horfe, and 
 furprifed the Queen as flie was ^affmg ftom Edinburgh to Stirling to 
 fee her Son, and carried her to Dunbar by Force, and then produced 
 the Contraft, where at the Queen was aftonifhed. But Bothwel who 
 had his Inftruftions from Murray^ after begging Pardon for his Bold- 
 nefs. He Repeated what Murray had before fay’d to the Qheen in his 
 
 Behalf 
 
104 The HISro^RTof 
 
 Behalf, and made many Solemn Biiomiffes of Submiffion to her Majefty, 
 and that great Honour (he would do him, fliould never raife his Am- 
 bition fo far as to look upon it as his own merit; but fhould always 
 acknowledge it owing to her Majefties Generous Goodnefs, nor fliould 
 the Greatnefs of his Fortune ever make him forget that he was her 
 Subjeft and Servant. But the Queen told him thatShe would not con- 
 fent to any thing after a Diihonourable Manner, nor would flie Give 
 any Anfwer Until flie was at Liberty at Edinburgh, and that when die 
 arrived there flie would be ready to do what would be moft conducive 
 to the Safety of her Subjects; But not without their Advice and Ap- 
 probation, and the Queen came to Edinburgh where die was met by 
 Murray and his Confederates and when the Queen Taxed him with 
 theContraft, he plainly toldher; He knew no other Way for her to Suport 
 herinterefi, but by Marry ing him', with all the FallhoodandSubtility 
 
 be could invent, prevailed upon the Innocent Queen to give Confent 
 to be Married. Bothwel had been before Married, but by the Aflifiance 
 of Murray and Morton he had Got his former Marriage made void, 
 with the fame Juftice as they had aquittedhim of the King’s Murder. 
 The Queen having given her Confent to the Marriage, they were 
 Publickly Married at Edinburgh the 15 th of May 1567, when the 
 the Report of this Mariage was made to fome Foreign Courts 
 they at firft Blamed the Queen for Confenting fo Eafily to Marry 
 a Subjeft, but when they underftood her Condition, they found (he 
 had done Nothing imprudently, in taking one by Friendiliip, w'hich 
 Neceflity would give by Force. 
 
 in the mean Time Murray, who found Bothwel unwilling to give 
 him the Power he expefted; He therefore dcligned to profecute his 
 other Defigns, and fomented the People with infamous Lybels, Char- 
 ging Bothwel with the King’s Death; and that the Queen had em- 
 ployed him therein. Such was his Execrable Villiany and Craft, that 
 he fet all his Confederate Villains to work to inculcate a Gene- 
 ral Belief of his Malicious Reports into the Ignorant People, as alfo 
 he promifed no Ic-fs Reward to his Mercenary Penfionerthe Famous 
 (or vathtr \nhmo\is,) George Such annan, then that he fliould be made 
 Arch-Bifliop of St. Andrew's when he himlelf obtain’d the Crown; 
 which induced that Mifcreant to invent and Forge all the Calumny that 
 Malice or hopes of arewardcouldSuggeft to him after he had written and 
 difperfed many infamous andinveterat Lybels againft the Honour and 
 Reputation of the innocent Queen the Traitor Murray hading the 
 People ready to affift him he raifed an Army pretending to revenge 
 
SCOTLAND- 
 
 105 
 
 the Death of the King, whom hehadcaufedto be pourtrayedon a Stan- 
 dard, lying Dead, with his little Son at his Feet, demanding Ven- 
 geance. Bothwel being fiirpriied at the fudden Alteration of his Tru- 
 fty Friend Murray^ and the Queeii was ftruck with Horror, to fee her 
 Brother who had declared Bothwel to be innocent of what he was 
 charged with, to be now hisAcciifer. She immediately defired Both- 
 wel forth wi th to depart from her, nor would ihe fuffer him to come near 
 her after that Time : Altho’ ihe was not ignorant that his Courage 
 and Valour was needful to fecure her from the Fury of her wicked E- 
 nemies, yet flie chofe rather to abandon her fdf as a Prey to their Cru- 
 elty, than keep the Ferfon near her one Hour, flie knew had a Hand 
 in the Murder of her Husband. Both /eel being thus Commanded to de- 
 part from the Queen, fled into Denmark, where after living Ten Years 
 in Trouble, and was imprifon’d there ; he flill Living and Dying de- 
 clar’d the Queen did never know any Thing of the Confpiracy againfi: 
 the King. The Froteftation which Bothwel his Death made before 
 a B'ifhop and feveral Lords of that Realm where he Died, was after- 
 wards fent to feveral Princes of Europe, and to Queen Elizabeth alfo. 
 
 The Violence of the Queen’s Enemies being fo great, they Killed 
 feveral of ha' belt Friends, and commanded her to Refign the Govern- 
 ment to her Son, whom the Earl of Murray -caufed to be Crowned 
 the 29th of Jugufi, when he was but a Year and Two Months 
 : old, and appointed his Confederates the Earls x>{ Morton and Hume to 
 
 take Oaths for him ; That he fhould maintain the Doftrine of Calvin^ 
 
 I then introduced by John Knox, who Preached a Presbyterian Sermon 
 (for ought I know the firfl: that was ever Preached in Scotland) before 
 1 the Infant Prince; and George Buchamiun was appointed his Tutor, 
 
 I who was a thorough-pac’d Presbyterian, and proved a ftedfaft Friend 
 
 I to that Caufe, not only while he lived, but left fuch lading Marks 
 
 ! of his Friendfliip to the Caufe, that his own Pupil, foon after, for- 
 
 ! footh, thought it very inconfiftent with his Right; and fo in Parlia- 
 
 ment Condemned it as Seditious and Scandalous. 
 
 The Earl of Murray who had now affumed the Title of Regent, not 
 being contented with Divefting the Queen of the whole Power, which 
 he took upon himfelf, but foon after furprifed her in a Morning as (lie 
 was Dreffing herfelf, and carried her by Force, and Confined her in 
 I the Caftle of Lochle-ven in Fife, under the Guard of the Earl of Dowg- 
 j lafs, a Brother by the Mother to the Earl of Murray. In this mean 
 Condition ihe was committed to the keeping of her Father’s Concu- 
 f bine, a moft infolent Woman, who rejoyced to fee her AffliAion. The 
 
 L 1 Queen 
 
io5 The HIST 00^ f of 
 
 Queen being deprived of all her Attendance, except Two Women Ser- 
 vants, in this Condition continued, till the Regent’s Brother, George 
 Dowglaj's^ by a fmall Boat brought the Queen out of the Lough, She 
 having before fent Notice to feveral of her bed Friends the Earls of 
 jiran, Huntly, Argyk, Vifcount Seaton, and many of their Friends, 
 received the Queen with due Refpeft, and conveyed her to Hamilton) 
 where they in Six Days railed an Army, but the Regent Murray ha- 
 ving the Treafury and Government in his Power raifed a (Ironger Ar- 
 my, and came againft them. They fought the i3th Day of May) the 
 Queen’s Army being Routed, many Perlbns of Diftinftion were Kil- 
 led on her fide, efpecially of the Name of there were Fifty 
 fix Noblemen and Gentlemen flain. The Queen being fadly afflifted with 
 fo much Blood-fl)ed, thought an innocent Retreat the only Way to 
 hinder more. She refolved to leave her own Kingdom, and not to fall 
 into the FLmds of her cruel Brother who after that Viftory 
 
 Exercifed his Tyranny over thofe of the Nobility and their Friends 
 who had affifted the Queen, and further encou aged Buchannan 
 a id Knox^ the one in Libels, and the other in Sermons, to Defame the 
 i nnocent Queen. 
 
 The affiided Queen refolved at firfi to take Shipping and go to 
 Fravce, where indeed her Memory was ftill preferved with great Re- 
 rpeft ; bur file was afltamed to be fee n as a .Banifited Woman, where 
 file had before appeared in the greatefi Splendor, as Queen of that Na- 
 tion ; Then turning her Thoughts on the many Invitations, Oaths, 
 and Promifes, of Queen Elizabeth of England, thought better to ftay 
 in the Neighbourhood of her own Kingdom, the better to facilitate 
 her Return to it, as foon as (he could bring her Subjeifis to a reafona- 
 hle Agreement, and thought none had a hetter Opportunity to en- 
 gage them to it than her Coufin Queen Elizabeth. But when (lie 
 Communicated her Defigns to Arch-Bifiiop Hamilton, a Wife Old 
 Man, who well underftood the Under-hard Deportment of the Earl 
 of Murray mih Queen diflfwaded the Queen from thatRe- 
 
 f'dution, and when he found the Queen negligent of his Advice, he 
 threw himfclf at her Feet with Tears in his Eyes, Btfeeching her 
 not to make Choice of that Place for her Safety, which would certain- 
 ly be her Dcflruidion. This good Advice had alter’d her Thoughts, 
 amd (he was preparing to go to France, when there came a Melfenger 
 from Queen Elizabeth to follidt her to Repair to her Court, repeat- 
 ing to her with many Solemn Promifes, That [he flsould not only be 
 protcBed from the Fury of her Enemies, but fjould have Jjfifance againfi 
 
 them. 
 
SCOTLAND. 
 
 them, if Nece/Jity required it. Upon thofe Affurances (lie took her Jour- 
 ney towards England : But no fooner was Ihe entered that Nation, than 
 flie washy Queen Elizabeth'sCovnrmnd carried to the Lordi’ci?<7/>’s Houfe, 
 inftead of being honourably receivedat Court, according to her Birth, 
 Merit, and Relation; and was from that carried to clofe Prifon in 
 Feverjkam Caftle, where, inhead of all the Civility before promifed, 
 (lie received mod barbarous Ufage ; and Queen Elizabeth inhead of 
 giving her Afliliance againft her Rebellious Subjeds, to fiipprefe their 
 unnatural Infolence, gave Orders and a Special Commiffiun to her moft 
 Malicious Enemies to form a Procefs againft her, and admirtetl her 
 Enemies to fit as her Judges. It was then the bafe Brother 
 after he had taken a Silver Coffer he had villanoufly Robbed from his 
 Sifter, and broken it open, and ftolen from thence many valuable Jew- 
 els, he made George Buchannan his Penfioner, forge feveral Icandalous 
 Letters, which the faid Eail with ft range Impudence produced before 
 the Council appointed by Queen Elizabeth for that Purpofe. Butma- 
 ny of the Queen’s Friends who were prefent, immediately knew thofe 
 Letters to be Forged ; but knowing how great Murray*^ Power was 
 with Queen Elizabeth, their Apprehenfion of Danger made them for- 
 bear offering any Thing to Vindicate her by telling the Truth. But 
 the Lord Vifeount //frr/Vr prefented himfelf before Queen 
 in Defence of his Queen (before he had known what Villainy had 
 been produced by Murray and Morton) and faid : 
 
 M ADA M, 
 
 rr^HE ^een my Mifirefs, who is nothing SubjeB to you but by Mis- 
 
 fortune, doth defire you to Confider, That it is a Work of an Evil Ex- 
 ample^ and mofi pernicious Confequences, to give Way that her Rebellious 
 Subjebls Jhou.’d be heard againfl her. who being not able to dejiroy her by 
 Arms, do promife tbemfelves to Affajfinate her in your Ereajb, under the 
 Colour of Juftice. Madam, Confider the Efi ate of Worldly Affairs, and 
 hear fome Compaffion to the Calamities of your Supplicant. After the moff 
 Horrid Murder of her Husband the King, and Servants, the cruel De- 
 figns on her own Sacred Perfon ; After fo long Imprifonment, the Sub- 
 jehis are heard again fi their Sovereign ; Ihe Guilty againji the Innocent : 
 The Felons againfl their Judges. Where are we\ What dowe\ Tho' Na- 
 ture hath Planted us in the fart he fi Extremity of the Earth, yet (he hath 
 not taken away from us the Senfe of Humanity. Conjider, Madam, 
 /he is your own Blood, your nearefl Kinfwoman ; Jhe is the befl of ^^eens 
 in the World, for whom you are preparing Bloody Scaffolds, in a Place 
 
 where 
 
io8 rhe history of 
 
 where jJoe was promifed^ and ex peBed^ the greatefl Favour. I wantWords 
 to exprefs fo Barbarous a Deed : But I am ready to come to the EjfeBs 
 and to juftify the Innocence of my mo(i injured ^jceen by Witnejfes uni 
 reprovable, and by Papers Written and Subfcribed by the Hands of her 
 Accufers. If that will not fujfice, I am ready {by your Majejifs Per. 
 niijjion) to Fight Hand to Hand for the Honour of my ^ueen^ again/} 
 the rnofi hardy and refolute of her Accufers. In this^ I do ajfure my jelf 
 of your Equity^ that you will not deny that Favour unto her who will 
 acknowledge her felf obliged to your Goodnefs. 
 
 Of this Queen (who found her own Advantages in our 
 
 Queen’s Misfortunes) took little Notice ; but Commanded the Dukes 
 of Norfolk and Sujfex to fit as CojBttiiltioners to proceed into the 
 Charge againft her, the Earls o^ Murray^ Morton^ and the infamous 
 Bifhop of Orknay, being her Accufers. Againft their Accufations, 
 Le/ly Bifhop of Rofs^ being feconded by many others, gave into the’ 
 Judges an Anfwer in the Behalf of their Queen ((he being there pre- 
 lent.) Which Defence, ( in my humble Opinion) without any more 
 may be fufficient to Juftify and Clear the Innocence of Queen Mary' 
 againft any thing that can be alledged to the contrary. The true Copy 
 of which is as followeth : 
 
 My LORDS, 
 
 4*^ 'IS a great Favour of Heaven to us, that the Earl of Murray 
 A ' is an Accufer in this Caufe, fince his Name is able to juftify 
 ‘ the greateft of Crimes, much more to accufe the Innocent 
 before Perfons fo approved for their Juftice and Wifdom. ’Tis fufl 
 ‘ ficiently known, that by Infolence he is grown Great : The Queen 
 ‘ his Sifter has committed but one Crime, and that is : She hath ad- 
 ‘ vanced him againft the Intentions of the King his Father, and Par- 
 
 ‘ doned him, when Guilty of Unpardonable Crimes ; and now he hath 
 ‘ Ufurped almoft the Crown of her Kingdom. His Defire and Endea- 
 ‘ vours are; That the Crown fliould be taken from the Queen, and 
 ‘ given to him in Recompence, for having Murdered the King her Hus- 
 ‘ band. Defam’d her by his Calumnies, Diflionoured her by his Out- 
 ‘ rage, Imprifon’d her by his Fury, and difpoftefs’d her by his Tyran- 
 ‘ ny. 
 
 ‘ The Earl of doth accufe the Queen for having contrived 
 
 ‘ her Husband’s Death, and doth accufe her in a Court where there 
 ‘ are Witneftes unreprovable ready to Declare prefently upon Oath 
 
 ‘ That 
 
‘ Thar the faid Earl of Murray having plotted this horrible Murder 
 ‘ the Day before it was Committed, he being in a Boat pafling over 
 ‘ the River, did fay ; That Night the King Jhould be cur'd of all his Ma- 
 ‘ ladies. Indeed it was eafy for him to prefage it, when he and his vile 
 ‘ Confederates had before Decreed it. (And affign’d to them the Place, 
 the Time, and the Manner of the Execution.) ‘ We are ready to con- 
 ‘ front him with a Paper Signed withhisown Hand, and the Hands 
 ‘ of his Confederates, where they oblige themfelves conjunftly and fe- 
 ‘ verally to Defend againft all Peri! and Danger, thePerfon orPerions 
 ‘ who ihould attempt to Execute the horrid Murder of the King. 
 
 ‘ That execrable Writing was entrufted in the Hands of Balfour Cap- 
 ‘ tain, or Depute-Govsrnor oi Edinburgh, whom at firft 
 
 ‘ they had drawn into their Confpiracy, but fince being incenfedagainU 
 ‘ fome of the Confpirators, hath difeover’d all their Contrivance. This 
 ‘ is what rve now manifeft with Reafons as clear as Day Light, and 
 ‘ with Certification as ftrong as Truth can be. 
 
 ‘ My LORDS, We Demand what is that which the Rebels op- 
 ‘ pofeagainftall thefe Proofs? Nothing atall but frivolous Conjeftures, 
 
 ‘ which are not fufficient to Condemn the vileft Creature in the World, 
 
 ‘ and yet are made ufeofto overthrow the Perfon and Majefty of a 
 ‘ Queen. Ten thoufaiid fuch Tongues as Murray's and his wicked Con- 
 ‘ federates, are not, nor ought not, to make half a Proof againft the 
 ‘ Honour and Innocence of our Queen ; and yet, you have the Patience 
 ‘ to hear them, rather than Chaftife them. 
 
 ‘ Have not her Servants been Examined again and again, Racked 
 ‘ and Torn to Pieces to Accufe their Miftrefs? Could fo much as one 
 ‘ Word be Extorted from them by Tortures, to ftain her Innocence? 
 
 ‘ Have not thofe miferable Creatures in the midft of their Torments, 
 
 ‘ Declared aloud before all the People : That Jhe was ignorant of at 
 ‘ that was done, that they never heard the leap Word proceed from her, 
 ‘ which tended to the Murder of the King. 
 
 ‘ All their Reafons arc reduced to Two Conjeftures, the firft where- 
 ‘ of is, That the Queen committed the faid Deed in Revenge of the 
 ‘ Death of her Secretary Thefecondis, That of her Love and 
 
 ‘ Marriage with the Earl of the Murderer of her Husband, 
 
 ‘ Thefe Two are the inevitable Charges againft her. But to Anfwcr to 
 ‘ the firft.: I demand. If the Queen had any Defire of Revenge, wliL 
 ‘ thcr (he would Exe.cute that Vengeance? Was it on her Husband, or 
 ‘ thofe he declar’d to her, had been her Enemies in Contriving andExe- 
 'Veuting the Murder? Was it on her Husband, whom (lie loved with 
 
 Mm 
 
I 1 o 
 
 The HlSTOm of 
 
 '^•an entire Affection, whom in all Companies flie defended as a young . 
 
 ‘ Man fediiced by evil Councils, to whom ftie had declared her Forget* 
 
 ‘ fulnefs of the Death of David Ricio^ for Fear that one Day heihould 
 ‘ be called to Account by his Enemies for it? Had not (he from the 
 ‘ Time he declar’d unto her, who they were who deluded him tocoun- 
 ‘ tcnance that Murder, received him into Favour, with all the Tefti- 
 ‘ monies of fervent Love and Fricndfhip, which flic tcftify’d till the 
 ‘ very Hour of his Death? Is it on him, or on thofe whom he decla- 
 ‘ red to her were the Authors and Executioners of the Faft, that (he 
 ‘ would Revenge her felf? If (he hath Pardoned the Earls of Murray 
 ‘ and Morton^ her Sworn Enemies, whofe Lives flie could lawfully 
 ‘ have taken upon many Occafions ; Is it to be believed, that a Wo- 
 ‘ man of the tendered Confcience, wmu^ld Deftroy a Husband foagreea- 
 ‘ blc to her, and whom flic knew never to offend her, but by the Con- 
 ^ trivance of thofe malicious Enemies? But why then hath flic Marri- 
 ‘ ed Rothwel who Murdered the King her Husband? This is their fo- 
 ‘ cond Objeftion ; and indeed to fpeak the Truth, the only one which 
 ‘ they cry up ; For this it is, they have ftolen away her Jewels of 
 ‘ great Value, and put in the Place of them, infamous Letters inven- 
 ‘ ted by Buchannan ox {omz unto him; wherein they treat 
 
 ‘ of Love, not as in the Perfon ofaPrincefs, but ufe the Expreflions 
 ‘ of a Loofe, Licentious Woman ; and thefe Letters when produced-, 
 
 ^ they not only appear Forged, but to be never made up nor Seal’d, 
 
 * but expofed to all the World ; as if fo Chafte and fo Wife a Spirit 
 ‘ as the Queen, could be fo ftupid or fo wicked as to publifli her own 
 
 * Infamy to the-Face of all the World. 
 
 * -But in the End they fay. The Marriage was accompliflied; And 
 
 * 'who did it but thole only who now make it a Capital Crime? Thofe 
 ‘ are they who did Advife, SoUicitc, and Conftrain the Queen by 
 ‘ Force to Marry this Man: Behold we are here ready to produce to 
 ‘ you inftantly.the Contraft of Marriage Contrived and Signed by 
 ‘ Murray^ Morton^ and their Confederates, before they let the Queen 
 ‘ know any Thing; of their Defigns. Is not their Names and Sealsof 
 ‘ Arms fufficient to Witnefs’againft them? We Ask (my Lords)if any 
 ‘ of thofe PerfoHS whofe Names are thereto Signedj dare deny their 
 ‘ own Hand Writings and Seals? Examin if we produce any Thing 
 ^^thev can ubjedf againft as Forged or Falfc. The Queen doth proteft 
 ‘ before the Living God and Men: That jhe had rather Die ten thou- 
 ‘ land Deaths than to have Married if Jhe thought he had been 
 ‘ 'stained xvith one Drop of her Husband’s Bloody and if he bad not beta 
 ‘ 'f [(Claimed to have been Innoc.ent^jven by thofe Wicked Enemies. . ‘ And 
 
1 1 1 
 
 SCOTLAND- 
 
 ‘ And now (my Lords) with what Impudence dare they appear be- 
 ‘ fore you, and do believe that the Queen of England Pent you 
 ‘ here to ferve their PaiBons, and Sacrifice fo Great a ^een to their 
 * Vengeance? We do hope all the contrary, and do firmly perfuade 
 ‘ ourfclves, that the Great God, the Undoubted Judge of the Living 
 ‘ and the Dead, will infpire you with fuch Councils as fliall give Way 
 ‘ to Truth for the Safety of your own Confciences, and the Comfort 
 ‘ of the mofl afflifted of Queens, who defireth to breath out the reft 
 ‘ of her Life under the Favour of your Goodnefs.” 
 
 After delivering this SPEECH, they Protefled, Ehat they iverf 
 not Ajjembled to acknowledge any Power Superior to the Crown o/Scotland,^ 
 b-itt only to Declare in Behalf of their ^l^een ; And produced the Proofs 
 in full Council, and defended them with incredible Vigour; making 
 in the firfl Place appear, The Faljifications of the Earl of Murray, lu 
 the fecond Place, They produced the Contralf of the Marriage with 
 Bothwel, which was Condemned to be Signed by Murray, Morton, ^e. 
 Thirdly, Theinflrumentofthe Confpiracy again^ the King’s Life, fub- 
 feribed by thier Hands-, and Signed by their Seals. And laflly. The De- 
 pofetions of Hepburn, Paris, and Dalglifh. Who being Executed for 
 that Faft, did fully difeharge the Queen at the Inftantof their Death 
 before all the People. 
 
 After that the- Commiflioners had judged the Queen to be inno- 
 cent of all the Accufations and Crimes falfely alledgcd by her Difloy- 
 al and Malicious Brother- and his Confederates ; Murray, who never 
 fufpefted that they hadthofe Proofs, was now full of Fear an.d Con- 
 fufion, deferred the Councel and fled from the Courtof England fear- 
 ing his Life was in Danger. The honeft Perfons among thofe of 
 this Council did propofe as their final Sentence, Three Remedies to 
 take away all Differences, and Re-eftablifli the Queen in her Kingdom:. 
 The Eirft was, ‘thatfhe fhould give Ajfurance to Elizabeth,, no 
 
 Way to difqiiiet her in the Succeffion of the Crown. 0/ England,- The 
 Second was. That Jhe fhould give an AH of Pardon and Forgetfiilnefs 
 to her Rebellious Su-bjeHs, for- Fear the Punifhment fhould extend.to-anhu- 
 finite Number. . The Third was. That her Marriage with Bothwel 
 (hould be declared Foid and Unlawful, and that fhe fhould confent to-is 
 Efpouftd to fame lUufirious Perfon in England. To the Firft and Second- 
 Propolitions, and that her Marriage with Bothwel fhould be made- 
 Void, the Queen fliew’d a Singular Inclination, but with very, great. 
 Keluftancy confented to the Laft, 
 
1 I z 
 
 rhe HISTORY of 
 
 Queen Elizabeth feein’d to be well contented with the Sentence, 
 and the Juftification of her Coufin Queen Mary; but Tome of her , 
 evil Counfellors foon turn’d that Contentment to Rage againft her, 
 infomuch, that the Time of the Queen’s Liberation was delayed by 
 Queen Elizabeths Orders. The Duke of Northfolk who was Prefi- 
 dent at the Trial of Queen Mary, was then the Firft in Dignity, 
 and was remarkable above all others in the Realm for his Greatnefs 
 and Valour, look’d upon himfelf as the fitteft Match for the Queen, 
 with whom he realy was in Love, as was alfo the Earl of Leicefier ; 
 but as Northfolk was a Valiant, Down-right Honeft Man, Leicefier 
 was a Subtile Deceitful Man, and imployed one todivc 
 
 into the Duke’s Heart concerning his Love with Queen Mary, which 
 when Leicefier was fure of ; he knew he could not make his own 
 Love to her known while he had fuch a Powerful Rival as North- 
 folk : He therefore contracted a more clofe Friendfliip with the Duke 
 to have a fair Opportunity to overthrow him, which could be the 
 only Means to give himfelf Succefs in his Love ; And under a Co- 
 lour of Frienddiip advife the innocent Duke to every thing which 
 might be moft Effectual to deftroy him, and difeovered his own Con- 
 trivances to Queen Elizabeth, as the Duke’s Defigns to carry on his 
 Marriage with Queen Mary. The falfe Earl fucceeded lo effectually 
 in his Villainy, That the unfortunate Duke w'asconfin’d to the Tower, 
 and fOon after tryed before the Earl Talbot of Shrewsberry : There 
 being a Multitude of Crimes charg’d againft the Duke, but Innocent 
 of them all, if Legally tryed, and Leicefier had hired one Barret, At- 
 torney or Advocate General to Queen Elizabeth (a Man bold againft 
 thole who were fearful, and Fearful of thofe who were bold) to fall 
 upon the Duke, and perplex him with Multiplicity of Words, that 
 the good Duke, who knew better how to ufe his Sword than his 
 Tongue, and withal had a very uncertain Memory ; he being denied 
 the Afliftance of a Councel, or Time to juftify himfelf; he was forth- 
 with Sentenced to be drawn on a Sledge to a Gibbet and there to be 
 hanged, drawn and quarter’d. The Horrour of the Sentence ftartled 
 the Duke, fo that he flood up and faid “ Sentence is here pronounced 
 “ againft me as a Traitor, without a legal Tryal or Hearing : If I 
 “ am deprived of your Company here, I fliall rejoice in that which 
 “ is in Heaven, in that Affurance I will prepare my felf for Death. 
 “ Idefire nothing of the Queen, but only that flie will be Favourable 
 “ to my Children and Servants, and that there may be Care taken 
 for the Difcharge of my Debts. The Sentence of Death being 
 
 Moderated 
 
■SCOTL A'ND. fsi 
 
 Moderated, be was beheaded afterwards upon Tower-HilL His Death 
 was very much lamented by all Men of Worth. Thus fell the inno- 
 cent Duhe by the Villainous Deceit of the Crafty Earl,of Leicefier, 
 not without the Affiflance of the Earl of Murray ; who when he 
 found all his former Plots Difeovered and Detefted, did not give over 
 his Hopes but ftill proceeded in his Wickednefs; Having again got in 
 fecret Favour wit’n Queen Elizabeth, and having well contreived the 
 fare Deltrnftion of his Sifter the Queen ; he ret-urn’d to Scotland to 
 put a flop to fome Deftgns which were in Agitation to deliver the 
 Queen ; and as he was riding through Linlithgow, he was ftiot out of 
 a Window h'j owt James Hamilton, and diedinftantly : Thus fell the 
 unhappy Earl of Murray in the Midft of his Malice againft his Sifter 
 the Queen, who lamented his Death very much; and the more, be- 
 caufe he had not Time to implore Mercy from God for the many, 
 heinous Sins of his Life. 
 
 When the Queen expefted her Liberty every Day, (lie was inftead 
 of being freed confin’d clofer, her Guards doubled, and ufed with 
 more Rigour and Barbarity than could be expected ; Upon which fhe 
 -•wrote feveral Letters to Queen Elizabeth, to which, (he fcarce re- 
 turn’d any Anfwcr ; for fame of them her evil Councellors deftroyeci 
 without letting Queen Elizabeth fee them. Mary was by her 
 
 long Confinement fallen into conftant Sicknefs of Body, and over- 
 whelm’d with Affliction of Spirit; but nothing was greater Trouble 
 to her afflicted Mind, then the Concern (lie was in about her young 
 Son, who was in the Hands of his Enemies ; for after Murray was 
 kill’d, the Earl of Lenox w^as chofen Regent, and wasalfo (lain in 
 Stirling, and was fucceeded in the Regency by the Earl of 2\{arr ; 
 but the difioyal Party thinking he would be too ready to affift or re- 
 lieve the Queen, they took from him the Regency, and gave it to 
 the Earl of Morton, which encreafed the Queen’s Fear ; but the'King 
 at Twelve -Years of Age, took a great Part of the Government on 
 himfclf, and was very much affliCfed for his Mother the Queen ; But 
 knowing the Multitude and Malice of her Enemies, he was forced to 
 conceal his Defigns, as fearing that- any offer of Relief to her, migh t: 
 endanger his Life, her Enemies being the only Perfons in Power a- 
 bout him. The many Letters the Queen wrote to her Son, her Ad- 
 verfaries intercepted and deftroyed them. She wrote many Letters 
 to feveral Foreign Princes, but they were all intercepted anddeftroy’d. 
 There was a Confpiracy difeover’d againft the King, and when No- 
 tice thereof was brought to the Queen, (lie wrote to Queen Elizabeth 
 the folbv/ing Letter, N n MADAMj 
 
ri4 T^he HlSTO^Rrof 
 
 madam, 
 
 ^y>ncerning what is brought to my Knowledge touching the Confpiracy: 
 in Scotland again fl my Son^ finding by my own Example, that /. 
 have ju(i Reafon to fear the [ad Confequences : I Jhould employ all the 
 Strength that is left me^ to difcharge my Heart plainly to you-^ by my. 
 Complaints, which are as Juji as they are Lamentable. I defire that, 
 after my Death this Letter may ferve you as a perpetual Remembrance^ 
 which in the deepefi Charaiiers, I would imprint in your Conjcience\ as 
 well as for my Difcharge unto Pofierity, as to the Shame and Confufion of 
 all thoje who under your Warrant have fo unworthily and fo cruelly nfed. 
 me ; and becaiife their- PraBkes and Proceedings .{though never fo detefi- 
 able) have always prevailed on your Side, againfl my moji jufi Remon- 
 fir ances, and all the Sincerity of my Deportment, I will therefore have-. I 
 recourfe to the living- God our only Judge, who under him hath equally, 
 and immediately Eft ablifhed us for the Government of his People. 
 
 Remember, Madam, That God is a Judge whom the Painting and Poli- 
 cy of this World can no Way deceive, altho’ Lien for a Time may obfcure I 
 the Truth, by the Subtilty of their Inventions ; I now profefs to you be- I 
 fore that moft Impartial Judge, that beholding rnyfelf purfued to Death \ 
 by my Rebellious SubjeBs^ I font unto you Exprejjly by a Gentleman the i 
 Diamond Ring which you font me, with Ajfurance to be proteBed,byyour 
 Authority; Succoufd by your Arms, and received into your Realm with 
 all Courtefie. 7 his Promije fo often repeated by you, did oblige me to 
 come to th'row my f elf into your Arms, if I could be fo Happy as to ap- 
 proach them. But endeavouring to come to you, behold I was flopped in I 
 my Way, environed with Guards,, detained in ftrong Holds, confined to a j| 
 lamentable Captivity, in which I do at this Day Die, without number- 
 ing a thoufand Deaths, which I have already fuffered. 
 
 After, that Truth hath laid open all the Jmpofim es, which were con- 
 trived againfl me, that the chief eft Nobility of your Kingdom have ac- 
 knowledged in Publkk, and declared my Innocence : After it hath been 
 made apparent, that what pajfed betwixt the late Duke of Northfolk 
 and me., -was treated, approvfl and figned by thoje who held the firft 
 Places in your Counfel. After fo long a Time I have always jubmittedto 
 the Orders which were prefer ibe.d for . my Captivity. J.do behold my felf 
 to be daily perfecuted in rny ownPerJon, and in the Perfons oj my Servants’, 
 and totally hinders me not , only from relieving the prejfing Necejfities of 
 my Sou; but from receiving the leaft Knowledge of his Condition. 
 
 This is that. Madam, which makes me once more Befeech you by the ■ 
 DoMorous Pajfl on of our Saviour and Redeemer, Jefus Chrift, that I . / 
 
may have FermiJJionto Depart your Kingdom to JJ/ifi my DearChild^ and 
 to findfome Comfort for my poor Body ^ Travelled with continual Sorrows-^ 
 and withaf Liberty of Confcience to prepare my Soul for God^ whoHour^ 
 ly doth call for it. Tour Prifons have defiroyed my Body ^ there is no more 
 left for my Enemies to Satiate their Vengance, My Soul is fill entire^ 
 which you neither, can nor ought to Captivate'. Jllow it fome Place to 
 breath more freely after iPs own Safety^ which a Thoufand Times I do 
 more defire than all the Greatnefs in the World. What Honour can you 
 receive to fee me Stifled in your Prefence, and to fall at the Feet of my 
 Enemies^ Do you not confider that in this Extremity.^ if by your means 
 (tho^ Late) I Jhalt be refcued from their Hands^ That you Jh all oblige me^ 
 and all mine., efpecially my Soti, whom mofl of aU you may ajfure your own. 
 
 I mu li Befeechyou, that I may know your Intentions concerningthis ,and 
 that you will not Remit me t-o the Difcretion of any other but your awn. 
 In the mean Time, I demand, two things-. Ihe one. That being ready to 
 depart this World, I may be fujfered to have with me feme Clergy-Man of 
 Good Reputation to ajjijl me. The other. That I may have two Maids of 
 my own Servants to attend me in my Sicknefs: Grant me thofe Petitions 
 for the Honour of God, and let it appear that my Enemies hath not as rnu'ch 
 Credit with you as to Exercife their Vengeance and Cruelty in a thing of 
 fofmall a Confequenee. Reaffume the Marks of your former Good Nature., . 
 Oblige your own to your Self. Grant me that Contentment flef ore I die, 
 to fee all Things remitted betwixt you and my Self, to the End that my 
 Soul being enlarged from my Body, it may not be Confirain'd to lay open 
 iPs Groans before God, for the Injuries which you havefuffered to be done 
 to me upon Earth: But on the Contrary, that departing thisCaptivity in 
 -Peace and .Concord, it may with all Content repair to him, whom I mofl 
 Humbly befeecb to infpire you to Condefcend to the mofl juft Requefts of. 
 
 J udge, Impartial Reader, whether or not I may with freedom accufe 
 , Queen Elizabeth ot Cruelty, when thofe Remonftrances and 
 moving Expreffions cotrld not prevail with her to return the affiift- 
 ed Queen Mary fo much as an Anfwer. I fliall here forbear to Speak 
 with that Freedom of her Charafter, th^t Cambdei?, her own Hiftorygra- 
 
 Shejfild Nov. 2%th - 
 1585. 
 
 Tour mofi Dift'reffed, mofi near, 
 
 and mofi JffHiionate, Kinf 'icoman. 
 
 MAR Y Ro 
 
 phet- 
 
ii6 The Hist O^T of 
 
 pher has done on this Occafion. But I fhall proceed to the 
 Difinal and Lamentable Catailrophe of our Injured Queen. After 
 Eighteen Years Iinprifoninent, in the Laft Year of her Captivity, a 
 Confpiracy was plotted againft the Life of Queen Elizabeth ; (as Camb- 
 reporteth) by an Engli{h Prieft nz.mt'didaliardj who drew in many 
 Perfons of Diftinftion to affill him, among which Number ov^zBabing- 
 ten^ Defcended of a Noble Family ; a Young Man of a proud. Spirit 
 and /knowledge above his Age ; among the many Advantages they pro- 
 pofed to themfclves by thatHorrid Murder, they defigned to fet atLiber- 
 ty the Unfortunate Queen Mary^ for which they expefted a GreatRe- 
 ward. After having drawn in many hot-Headed Young Perfons to 
 their Party, They, whithout confidering the Greatnefs of the Crime, 
 or their own Danger, talked freely in Taverns of their Defigns; Ba- 
 bington being a Man of a Great Fortune, Looking upon himfelf as the 
 Chief of the Confpirators, could not contain himfelf from V\/’riting 
 to Queen Mary inPrifon, the Letter being brought to the handofher 
 Secretaries, they did not Communicate it to their Miftrefs, 
 knowing her tender Conlcience would never Liften nor Confent to 
 fuch a Horrid Plot; However defigned not to negleft that Opportu- 
 nity, and therefore wrote a Letter in Anfwer to it, and made ufe of 
 the Queen’s Name without her Knowledge, wherein they praifed 
 biv.gton for his Good Defigns, and advifed him not proceed in this 
 great Affair before they were lure of Affiflance from Foreign Farts; 
 and withal to ftir up the People of Ireland^ and to endeavour to Draw 
 in the Earl of Arundel, with fome other Nobility, to their Party, 
 preferibing at the fame Time, Means and Ways to Releafe their Mif- 
 trefs, and promifing a very great Reward to thofe who Ihould under- 
 take it. Babington Having received thisLetter, as he imagined, from 
 the Queen of Scotland, who he thought treated with him ; Hebecame 
 moftvainly Glorious of his imaginary Encouragement; he flrewed the 
 Letter to many of his Aflociates, and they Declared their Defigns 
 toontGijfard, to whomtheygaveaCommiffion, and made him Keeper 
 of all their Letters; Which he no fooner received, than he carried 
 them aU to Walfingham, Queen Elizabeth's Secretary, wherein he found 
 the whole Progrefs of their Defign, which hefliewed to Queen Eliza- 
 beth, who called a Council, and flrewed the Letter written by the 
 Queen of Scotland's Secretaries to Babington. The Confpirators being 
 Apprehended, and5;2^z»gr<i» being Examined, Confeffed, That he had 
 Treated with the Queen of Scotland Subject; in which hefpoke 
 
 .Truth 
 
S c O T L A N 
 
 1 17 
 
 Truth {b far as he knew, though tjiere was no Truth in itagainft her. 
 The Diftreffed Queen knowing nothing of the Matter, found her feif 
 Suddenly Confined to a Clofer Prifon, and her Guards Doubled, her 
 Secretaries apprehended, her Papers taken away, and a Letter from 
 Qfltcn Elizabeth, (liewing She had given Commiffion to herCounfellors 
 to Try her upon the fadfof which She wasaccufed. Having Read the 
 Letter, (lie Spaketo thofethat gave itherfaying; ‘Tam much afflifted, 
 
 ‘ that my Dear Sifter the Queen hath been fo illinformcd of me, and 
 ‘ that having been fo many Years moft ftriftly Guarded, and withal 
 ‘ Numbed in my Limbs: The many fair Conditions, wjaich Ihaveof- 
 ‘ fered for my Liberty have been Neglected, and my Self Abandoned. 
 
 ‘ 1 have fufficiently advertifed her of feveral Dangers, and yet flie 
 ‘ w'ould never believe me, but hath always undervalued me, although 
 ‘ 1 am moft near to her in Blood. I have too truly forefeen, that 
 ‘ any Accident that did arrive either within or without this King- 
 ‘ dom would be interpreted to proceed from me, and that Ifliould be made 
 ‘ Guilty enough, becaufe fo Miferable already. Asfor theLettetlam 
 ‘ Charged with ; I take God who knows the Secrets of all hearts to 
 ‘ Witnefs, 1 know nothing of it, nor the Perfon named in it. I do 
 ‘ Look upon it as a very ftrange Matter, that any Queen fliouldCom- 
 ‘ mand me as her Subjeft, to appear in Judgment: lam ofmy felfan 
 ‘ Abfolute Queen, and will do nothing to the Prejudice of Royal 
 ‘ Majefty : My Courage is not yet abated ; nor will I ever ftoop Un- 
 ‘ worthily under my AfBiftion. 
 
 The Chancellor and Treafurer came to the Queen, and declar’d to 
 her the Tenour of their Commiffion from Queen Elizabeth, and the 
 Names of the Commiffioners, and defired her to hear the Fafts with 
 which (lie was Charged ; otherways, they both could and would 
 proceed againft her for Contempt. To which ftie anfwered. That fli© 
 was not a Subje^, and would rather die a Thoufand times, than by 
 fuch an Acknowledgment to prejudice Royal Dignity* She admonifhed 
 them if after Condemning her before hand, they then came to her to 
 make a Semblance of obferving fome formality of Jufticc ; fiie defired 
 them, to confult their own Confcience, and to Confider that the 
 Theatre of the World is of a Larger Extent than England-, flie de- 
 manded of them by what Law they would proceed againft Her, whe- 
 ther the Canon Law or Civil Law; for flieknew very well that moft 
 of her Enemies was not Lawyers, Therefore ftie defired that Lawyers 
 might be lent for from fuch Univerfities in Europe, as might be a- 
 greed on ; But they told her: She Jhould be T'rysd by the Civil Law of 
 
 Q o England, 
 
ii8 The HISTOm' of 
 
 England, in which, they told her, they were Sufficiently Experienced'. 
 Bat Ihe who well knew they would entangle her with a new Law, 
 (for a Precedent they had none) Anfwered them : Tou are Brave Gen- 
 tlemen, andean make what Laws you pleafe. but I am not obliged to Sub- 
 mitt unto them ', for your Law hath no more of Example^ thanyour Pro- 
 ceedings hath of Juftice, 
 
 The next Day the Commiflioners afftmbled in the Chamber of Pre-- 
 fence, where there was a Scaffold prepared, on the upper End where- 
 of there was the Seat Royal under a Cloath of State, to Reprefent 
 the Queen of England, and on the one fide of it, a Crimfon Velvet 
 Chair, prepared for Queen Mary. The Lords being Sate; The Queen 
 enter’d full of Majefty with a modeft and affured-Coun.tenanceagainft ' 
 thofe Stern Lords (who thirfted for her innocent Blood) and Took 
 her Place. the Chancellor (that Monfter of Mankind, Both 
 
 In Body and Mind) after having Charged her himfelf, according to 
 the Tenour of the Libel of falfe Accufation ; He gave thefignal toall J 
 her Accufers, who were about the Number of Forty; they threw i 
 themfelves upon her like fo many Blood-hounds on a prey, propound- 
 ing a Thoufand Captious Queftions to Surprife her; But She, with- i 
 out feeming to be the- Lealf affraid of them, anfwered their falfe ac- 
 cufations with fuch undenyable Proofs -as reduced all things, to the 
 Letter oiBabington, and that ihe had written to . Foreign Princes to . 
 invade England. They didprefs heron thefe Falfities, which flie clearly ' 
 difeufted, as ihall appear by the following Anfwers.' 
 
 ‘ If the Queen my Sifter hath given you a Commiffion to fee 
 
 * Jnfticc done. It is reafonable that you fliould begin it by Ealing me 
 of my Sufferings, rather than by oppreffingofmy Innocence. Icameinto 
 
 * this Nation to Implore Succour, againft my Rebellious Subjefts, my 
 ^ Blood, Alliance, Sex, Neighbourhood, and the Title which I bear 
 ‘ of Queen, did promife me Satisfaction; And here 1 have met with 
 ‘ ray Greateft Affliction. ThisistheEighteenth Year that I havebeen 
 
 * detain’d prifoner without Caufe^ without Reafon, without Mercy, 
 
 * (and which is more) without Hope.-. I am no SubjeCt of your Mift refse’s, 
 
 ‘ but a free and abfolute .^een, and ought not to make Anfwer but 
 
 to God alone, the Sovereign Judge of my Actions; nor bring any . 
 
 * Prejudice to the . Character of Royal Majefty either in my Son the 
 
 ' King of or his Succeffors; nor any other Sovereign Prince 
 
 ‘ of Europe. This is the proteftation which I have made, and which I I 
 ^ Repeat again in your Prefence, before I make Anfwers- to. thefe I 
 Crimes forged. againft me:^ 
 
SCOTLAND. 
 
 1 Ip 
 
 ‘ Ihc Blacked of all the Calumnies, do Charge me for having Con- 
 ‘ fpiredtheDeath ofmy mod Dear Coufin ; and after all their Circum- 
 ‘ ventions, all the Proofs are reduced to the Letter of th« 
 
 ‘ Depofitions of my Secretaries, and Solicitations made to Foreign 
 
 * Princes, to Invade England with Arras. I will Anfwer Effectually 
 
 ‘ to all thefe Articles, and makethe Judice of my Caufe appear mod 
 ‘ Clear, to all thofe who fliall without Malice Look upon it. And 
 ‘ In the fird Place, I Swear andProted before the Living God, Ine- 
 ‘ ver faw nor received a Letter from this Babington, who is made the 
 ‘ Principal in thisCharge; I have alwaysabhorr’d thofe Violent, and 
 ‘ Black Councels, which tended to the Ruin of Queen and 
 
 ‘ am ready to produce Letters from thofe, who havingfomeotherevil 
 
 * Enterprifes have Excufedthemfelves, that they have not Difeovered 
 ‘ any thing to me, becaufe they wereaffur^d my Spirit was Oppofite 
 ‘ to fuch Deligns. I could not know what Babington and his Confe- 
 ‘ derates have done, being aPrifoner; He might write what hepleaf- 
 ‘ cd but I am certain I never faw nor heard of any Letter to me; and 
 ‘ if there be any Anfwer found written by me, to thofe things which 
 ‘ never fa much as enter’d into my Imagination, it is an Abomina- 
 ‘ ble Forgery. We Live not in an Age nor a Realm that is to Learn 
 
 ‘ the Trade to Deceive. lam informed that there is on^Walfingham ■ 
 ‘ amongd you,- who hath not only Confpired my Death, but the- 
 ‘ Death of my Son alfo-; and doth make ufeof luoh Artifices, and hath 
 
 * Counterfeited a Letter from me in Anfwer to oi Babington’ s^. 
 
 ‘'which He intercepted; which Babington ignorantly believed, and 
 ‘ gave his Oath it came from me: But all this is no more than one 
 ‘ Ample Conjecture; and a Man unknown, a Man- half Dead, is. 
 
 ‘ believed againft me, who fpake all that he knew, and what he 
 ‘ knew not (Perhaps) to deliver him from the Horrible Cruelty of 
 ‘ his Enemies. Let them produce but one Letter of my Hand, or 
 
 but one Shadow of the Crime, and I will Submit my felf as 
 ‘ Guilty. I fpake in the finccrity of my Heart, Iwould not Conquer 
 ‘ a Kingdom, with the Blood of the Vileft Perfon, picked out of the 
 ‘ Scum of the People, much Lefs with the Blood of a Queen. I 
 ‘ will never make aShipwreck of my own Soul, in ConTpiringthcRuiu 
 ‘ of a Perfon to whom I have vowed fo much Honourand Friendihip. 
 
 ‘ For my Secretaries,! did always take- them for honefl Men. If 
 
 * they do charge me in their Depofitions to have Diftated an Anfwer 
 
 ‘ to Letter, they have committed Two great Faults; The. 
 
 ‘ Fird, in violating the Oath which- they gave to -be fecret and faith- 
 
 fid ^ 
 
IZO 
 
 The mSTO^Tof 
 
 ‘ ful to their Miftrefs. The Second, in inventing fo deteflable a Ca- 
 ‘ lumny againft her, t© whom they owe all Reverence and Fidelity ; 
 ‘ In a Manner, all the Belief that you can draw from them, isnomore 
 ‘ than the Deceit of perlidious Man. O! Good God! in what a de- 
 ‘ fperate Condition is the M-ajefty and Safety of Princes, if they de- 
 ‘ pend upon the W itnefs of their Servants, in Affairs of fo high a Con- 
 ‘ fequence. Flow many are of them who proftitute theinfelves for 
 ‘ the Greed of uncertain Riches? How many for Fear only do 
 ‘ comply with the Threatnings of powerful ones? If thofe poor Men 
 ‘ have taken their Oaths, as you fay, it was only to deliver them- 
 ‘ felvesfrom the Horror of your Torments, and put all upon aCrowm’d 
 ‘ Head, which they thought was not fubjeft to your Punifliment. 
 
 ‘ But what Lawyers are you to put hahington to Death, without 
 ‘ bringing him before me Face to Face, to open his Mouth by 
 
 * Torments to tell a Lye, and then to (hut it up for ever againft the 
 ‘ Truth? If my Secretaries are yet alive, let them conic before me, 
 “ and 1 affure my felf they will not perfift in that Depofition wdiich 
 ‘ you objeft againft me. Doth it not eafily appear, that you proceed 
 
 on a bad Belief, and that you borrow thofe poor Formalities to give 
 ‘ fome flight Tinfture to your Prejudgings. 
 
 " ‘ I never did diftate any thing to my Servants, but w,hat Nature 
 ‘ did fuggeft unto me for the recovering my Liberty. This is the 
 ‘ Third Objeffion of your Procefs; and I demand of you, If I have 
 ' committed a Crime, to defire a Benefit which every livingCreature 
 ^ doth naturally defire, which Law doth approve, which all Men 
 ‘ doth practice, which Naturedoth prompttoeverylivingThing. Doth 
 not every little Bird that is imprifon’d in a Cage defire Liberty? 
 ‘ And what can they do lefs, w'ho fee themfelves folong confined un- 
 ‘ juflly, unlau'fully, and unmercifully to a Prifon, and moft bafe and 
 ‘ barbarous Ufage, but implore the Afliftance of Friends, and defire 
 that fome ftrongHand of Mercymay liberate them ? Iconfefs I have had 
 ‘ the Defire of Liberty, but I deny that I fought it by the Means 
 ‘ which you alledge. So many Years are paft fince I’ve been in this 
 
 • miferable Captivity, yet neither the Offers I have made, nor the 
 ‘ Affurances I have given, nor the Encreafe of my Sicknefs, nor the 
 ‘ Declining of my Age, could move my Sifter the Queen of England 
 ‘ to my Enlargement. Have not I offer’d to Contract a ft rift Friend- 
 ‘ fiiip with her, to Gherifli her, to refpeft her above all Princes in 
 
 Chriftendom, to forget all Offences, to acknowledge her the True 
 ‘ and Legitimate Queen of England^ fubmitting all my Right to 
 
 the 
 
IZI 
 
 SCOTLAND. 
 
 ‘ the Benefit of her Peace? I long ago gave over all Pretentions I 
 
 * had to the Crown of England^ and removed the Title and Arms of 
 ‘ England, which 1 was compell’d to attribute to my felf by Henry the 
 ‘ Second, King of France. And yet all thefe Submiffions have pre- 
 ‘ vailed nothing for my Deliverance. Am 1 to be blamed fo much, if 
 ‘ I have delired my Allies to draw me out from the Depth of thefe 
 ‘ Miferies? Notwithftanding all the Offers and Importunities of the 
 ‘ King of Spain, I neither have nor would confent to Confirm into 
 
 ‘ his Hands the Right which he pretends to the Crown of England. 
 
 ‘ But 1 have refpefted my Sifter Queen fo far, that 1 have 
 
 ‘ iiegleGed both my Life and my Liberty to fatisfie her intereft, and 
 ‘ have contented my felf with Prayers of Efther, and not tht Sword 
 ‘ of Judith. But I now Declare, That fince England is fo unequita- 
 ‘ table and unkind to me, that as I ought not I will not Mifeprizc 
 ‘ the Aid of other Kings. 
 
 ‘ I have here fincerely declared my Sentiments, and Counfel to 
 ‘ you in Defence of thefe falfe Accufations, and if Right and Equity 
 ‘ muft give Way to Power, and Force muft opprefs the Truth among 
 ‘ Men, 1 do appeal to the Living God, who hath an abfolute Power 
 ‘ over Elizabeth and my felt. I Swear unto you before the fame Li- 
 ‘ ving God, and Proteft upon my Honour, that for this long Time 
 ‘ I’ve had ray Thoughts on no Kingdom but that of Heaven, which 
 ‘ I look on as a Place of Reft after my Long-Sufferings. 
 
 ‘ I believe I have now fatisfy’d all your Objections, and you know 
 
 * in your own Confciences, That nothing doth Charge me but my 
 ‘ Birth; nar does any Thing render me Guilty but my Religion, a- 
 ‘ bout which I never made any Noife nor Difturbance, further than 
 ‘ defiring Liberty of Confcience, which I was ever willing to grant 
 ‘ to any in my Power. In this I need no Advocate to Defend me, 
 
 ‘ 1 defire all the World to be my WitnelTes, I fear not the fevereft 
 ‘ Judge. 
 
 The DiftrelTed Queen (forefeeing her Fate) did mingle thele Words 
 with Tears, confidering how barbaroufly her Royal Dignity was ex- 
 pofed by the Lawyers of that Court, who did feem to have Sworn to 
 her Death. Walfingham having Forged all the Accufations they made 
 ufe of againft the innocent Queen. As Carnbden doth avere, that 
 Walfingham did open and make up the Letters again, which Giffard 
 brought him, and Counterfeited in them what he thought proper ; 
 and that the T «vo French Men Curies and Nau, the Secretaries of Queen 
 Mary, were feduced and corrupted with Money. And Carnbden doth 
 
 P p further 
 
TheHlStO^Tof 
 
 fi.rther avere, That they came to demand a Recompence from WaJ- 
 fingham, who told them, lhat they ought to content thernfelvet with 
 their Lives. And added, lhat in Condemning their Mifirefs the ^men 
 of Scotland without Witneffes^ they had not proceeded according to the 
 iiulesof Jufiice. O Monttrous Villain ! 'Lxkit Satan reproving Sin. 
 
 Behold, without any Regard to the invincible Proofs of the Queen’s 
 Innocence; her Enemies prevail’d amongft her moft unjuft and unequi- 
 table pretended Judges, who, without any Delay, and without the 
 ieaft Regard to Truth, Equity or Juftice, proceeded to the Sentence 
 of Condemnation, which they, before hearing her, had deliberately 
 determined. Which Sentence they pronounced, and carried to the 
 Parliament, where the Queen was prefent. 
 
 OiKQn Elizabeth feem’d cxtreamly afflifled for our Queen, that a 
 Perlon of her Blood and Sex fliould be Convifted, adding, That Jhe 
 would fooner abandon her own Life^ than J^ueen jhould fuffer by 
 
 her Permijfion, Yet was I'revail’d upon ^,wherher with or agai-nft her 
 Inclination) and in the End the Sentence of Death was Confirmed by 
 the Authority of Parliament, and one Beal was fent to Queen Mary to 
 acquaint her. That the Efiates of England demanded her Execution to. 
 be difpatched^ for Jufiice^ Security and NeceJJity, The Queen received 
 the News without ftiewing any fearful Concern,, but lifting up her 
 Hands and Eyes to Heaven, flie gave God Thanks, withe ut returning 
 any Anfwer to the Meffenger, 
 
 Pawlet who Gnardedher, did ufe lier raoft barbaroufly. After Sen- 
 tence w'as pafs’d, he commanded t;he Cfiicers of hwr Houle to beat 
 down the Cloth of State that was in her Chamber, and when he found 
 that they would not touch it, but anfvver’d him in Tears and Sighs, 
 he performed the Work himfelf with hisGuards; and took from the 
 poor Queen all the Marks of Royalty, 
 
 All this Time Queen Elizabeth feemed very much troubled. Some- 
 times declaring her Innocent, and that (he would pardon her. Other 
 Times flie would let the Parliament do what they thought good, 
 but deferred the Execution, and Wrote to Queen Mary. Thje Con- 
 tents were ; My Spirit is tormented with incomparable Sorrow.^ by Pea- 
 ion of the lamentable Event which is arrived againfl my WiU\ Tet I 
 '^have not a Soul fo bafe, as either by Terror to fear to do what my People 
 think Juft,., or by Cowardice to deny it when it is done. 
 
 At thisTime King her Son, who was Ruled by his Mother’s 
 Enemies, yet hearing of the Sentence pafs’d againfl: her, wrote to 
 Queen Elizabeth very paffionately, That the Sentence might be Re- 
 
 ver fed. 
 
SCOTLAND. 
 
 verfed. But all to no Purpofe; for flie knew how to flop his Mouth 
 with the Promifeot her Crown. Here 1 muft beg Leave to fay ; His 
 Memory had been far more Glorious, and his Country far more 
 Happy,” had that Prince been endow’d v^'ith movaScots Courage, and 
 lefs Conduft. Judge, Reader, if it be confident with Ho- 
 
 nour, Confcisnce or the Laws of God or Nature, to Sell a Mother’s 
 Life for a Temporal Addition ol Wealth, 
 
 About this Time were Meilieurs De la Plots and Beliures^ Pent by 
 the King of as Ambaffadors to Queen Elizabeth^ and gave in 
 
 feveral Remonlfrances, upon which the Arreft of Death was fufpen- 
 ded for Three Months. Many of the People of England did likewife 
 Remondrate to their Queen ; That it was without Example to Com- 
 mit the Queen of Scotland, the only neared Kinfworaan Ihe had in 
 the World, tothe Handsof a Hangman : AQueenwhichw'asnotaPri- 
 fonerofWar, but her Gued, whom flic had call’d and invited into 
 her Kingdom, and fent unto her all AlTurances of her Proteftion and 
 Fidelity. 
 
 Queen Mary Wrote the following Letter to Queen Elizabeth, but 
 whether it came to her Hands, or was dedroyed by her Adverfaries, 
 his not known. 
 
 MADAM, 
 
 I Give Thanks to God with all my Heart, who by the Sentence of Death 
 hath been pleafed to put an End to my tedious Imprifonment. I de- 
 fire that it may not he prolonged , having had too long -a Time to dry 
 the Bitternejs of it. Since I am not toExpeBi any Favour from fo me Zea- 
 lous Minifters of State who hold the firji Places in your Councels, I de- 
 fire I may receive from your Self, and from none other, thefe following 
 Favours : In the firji Place, fince I am to ExpeSt a Burial; 1 beg that 
 I may be Buried according to the Rites of my Religion, and that my 
 Body {when my Adverfaries jhall be Satiated with my Innocent Blood) 
 may be carried by fome of my Servants to be lay’d by the Body of the 
 ^Qmen my Honoured Mother, that my poor Body which found no Reji while 
 Joyn’d with my Soul, may now find reJl being Separated from it. 
 
 Secondly, 1 befeech you {by the apprehenfion I have of the Cruelty of 
 thofe to whofe Power you abandon me) that I may not fuffer in any private 
 Place, but in the View of my Servants and other People, and that my Servants 
 who have attended me with great Fidelity during my fo longAffiiHion may have 
 free leave to retire to any Place they pleafe, and enjoy thofe fmall Le- 
 gacies which in my Lafi Will my Poverty hath bequeathed to them. 
 
 I 
 
II4 
 
 T'he 
 
 HlSTO^Tof 
 
 I conjure you, Madam, by the Blood and PaJJion of our Saviour Je- 
 fus Chrift; by the Nearnefs of Confanguinity; by the Memory of Hznx'j 
 the qth, who's Grand-Children we both are, and by the Title and Name 
 of a ^fueen, which I carry to my Grave ; not to deny me thefe reafona- 
 ble Demands'^ but by one Word under your own Hand, to appoint me an 
 Jjfurance of them, and Shall Die as I have Lived. 
 
 Tour AffeUionate Sifier, 
 
 MARY R. 
 
 As 1 have before mentioned, ’tis not known whether this Letter 
 came to Queen Elizabeth'?. Hand; if it did, She return’d no Anfwer 
 thereto. Soon after the Ambaflador departed, Qazzn Elizabeth 
 
 Commanded the Warrant for Execution to be. Sealed, but fent one 
 KiUgrew immediately to Stop the Executioilvtill further Orders. Camb- 
 den doth mention when Drury and Pawlet (who had the Charge of 
 Queen ask’t the Queen concerning the Execution, She Blamed 
 them for not delivering her from that Pain, which fome interpre- 
 ted, that She mean’t they might have faved the pains of Publick Exe- 
 cution by Murdering her privately by Poifon, or fome Secret Con. 
 trivances. But altho’ they were both wicked enough, and Enemies to 
 Queen Mary, they werefu well acquainted with their Queen’s inconftant 
 Temper, that they did not doubt She would Endeavour to Save her 
 own Reputation at the Expence of their Lives; Therefore regarded 
 their own Safety more than their Queen's Reputation. But in the 
 mean Time, the Evil Gouncellors did purfuc their cruel defigns and 
 procured the Commiffion for Execution; and feveral of the Lords re- 
 pair’d to Queen Mary to Eotheringby Caftle where flie was Prifoner 
 andcaufed her to Rife from her Bed, where She lay very much indif- 
 pofed. And having Read their Commiffion to her, they told her that 
 llie mud Dye the next Morning. 
 
 The Queen Receiv’d their Melfage without Changing her Coun- 
 tenance, and faid ; She did not think the Queen her Sifter would have 
 brought it to that Extremity ; But fincefuch was her pleafure Death 
 was moft agreeable to her; and that a Soul was not worthy of Eter- 
 nal Gclefiial Joys, vvhofe Body could not endure the Stroak of the 
 Hangman ; For the reft the appeal’d to Heaven and Earth, who were 
 Witneffies of her innocence : Befeeching God to encreafe her Con- 
 ftancy to the meafure of her Afflidion; and to welcom the Death 
 ffie was to Suffer for the Expiation of her Sins. After 
 
After the Lords were retired, flie begun to provide for her Laft 
 day as if (he had deliberated on fome Voyage, which (lie did with 
 very much Devotion, Prudence and Courage. In'the firft Place She 
 ordered fupper to be difpatched, to advifeofher AiFairs; and accor- 
 ding to her Cuftom fupped very Soberly; fhe entertained herfclf on 
 a pious Difeourfe; at the End of fupper, Shedrank toall her Servants 
 with a Grave and ModeftCheerfulnefs on which they all kneell’d down, 
 and Mingling Tears with their Wine, and as foon as their Tears 
 and Sig'is could give Way to their words, they asked Pardon for 
 not performing thofe Services which her Majefty did Merit, She 
 Comforted them with invincible Courage, and Commanded them 
 to wipe away their Tears and to rejoyce, beeaufe flic fliould now de- 
 part from an Ab jfsof Mifery, and aflTnred them that Ihe would nei- 
 ther forget them before God nor Men. After fupper (he wrote feveral 
 Letters with her own Hand whereof one was to her Son King Janrn^ 
 one to the King of Franct^ and another to tiieDuke oi Gnife. 
 
 After finifliing her Letters, (he caufed an Inventory of her Goods 
 to be read, and wrote down the Names of thofe to whom fliegave her 
 j Ward-Robe, and Diftributed Money with her own Hands among her 
 Servants, and afterwards retired and Spent the reft of the Night in 
 Watching and Praying; and towards the Morning (he Lay’d herfelf 
 Down on her Bed, and flept an Hour very Quietly to Strengthen 
 herfelf for the next Day’s Conflift; after that refrefliing Hour, ’4c 
 begun to enter into an Agony with her Naked knees Humbled on 
 the ground, in which Pofture (he continued until her Laft day ap- 
 peared; and as foon as the Sun began to rife. She put on thofe Ha. 
 biliments which (he ufuaily did wear on Feftival Days, and having a= 
 gain Affcmbled her Servants, flie Caufed her Will to be read unto 
 them, and defired them to take in Good partthe fmall Legacies, (he had 
 Given them, beeaufe the Condition of her Eftatc could not permit 
 her to Give them better. She gave them all her Farewel, defiring 
 them to remember their Creator, and Live in Concond among them- 
 felves; and defired them to pray for theSafity ot her Soul, and in the 
 end file Kifs’d all the Women and permitted the Men to Kifsher Hand, 
 
 I and retired toher Oratory, where Ihe continued, until Thomas Andrews^ 
 
 ' the Lieutenant of that County came to fignify to her, that it was 
 I time to come forth ; She fuddenly obeyed him, and came forth in a 
 , Pofture full afMajefty, and with a Joyful Countenance. Her Habit 
 was very rich, tho’ very Modeft. Her head wascover’d witha Vail, 
 which Hung down beneath her Shoulders. The Commiflianers re- 
 
 Q f -edved 
 
12 ^ TheElStOm'of 
 
 ceivcd her in the Gallery, where all her Servants with 
 faithtul Steward, prefented themfelvcs on their knees with Tears 
 iighs and Groans, to receive her Majefty’sLaft Command?. The Pious 
 Queen feeing them; faid : Weep not^ but rather rejoyce^ for this 
 Day ye [ha/J fee Mciry Stt'Mart deliver’d from- all her Sorrows and the 
 Power of her Enemies : I conjure you to tell my Son^ to love and fear his 
 Creator, to love Jujlice, and maintain the Peace and Liberty of his Peo- 
 ple, and never to enterprize any thing againjf the ^een of England. 
 God. who fees the Secrets of my Heart, can witnefs how well I have al- 
 ways. loved Scotland, and my Innocence in what I am charged with in 
 England. 7hou, O Lord] who art Truth it felf, and foundefi the deep- 
 efi Secrets of my Heart, thou doji know how much I have defined the 
 Peace and Tranquility of the Two Reamls 0 / Scotland and England. 
 Almighty God, pardon thofe who thirfl for my innocent Elood. She 
 then turned to the Lords, and defired, that after her Death her Ser- 
 vants might be ufed with Humanity, that they might be fufFered to 
 enjoy, thofe fmall Legacies which (he in her Will had left them, that 
 they might be fuffered to aflift her at her Death, and afterwards be 
 permitted to go to their own Country. The inhumane Earl of Kent, 
 who was one of the Commiflioners, and one of her greateft Enemies, 
 and moft violent Profecutors, faid. He would not let any of them affifi 
 at her Death, bscaufe they would encreafe Superfiition : But (lie replyed, 
 Pear it not ; Thofe poor miferable Creatures defire nothing more than to 
 give merny lafi Farewel ; and Em fure my Sifter Elizabeth would not 
 re.fufe me fo jmall a. Favour, feeing the Honour of my Sex demandetk 
 that my Servants Jkould be prefent. 1 am ^futen o/Scotland, ftlupen 
 Dowager of France, and tie Grandchild, of Henry the VII. King 
 of England, If you - wiT not grant this- Courtefie to one of my ^Quality, 
 Let me have it atlsaji for the Tendernefs of the Hearts of Men. . On 
 this they permitted her Servants to attend her to the Place, of Exe- 
 cution ; to which (lie was now going. 
 
 She came into -the Hall, which was alb Hung round about with 
 Black, and afeended the Scaffold, which w^as hung with the fame, 
 and as foon as (lie was fate in a Chair prepared for her; Beal vead the 
 Command of the Sentence of her Death, which (lie heard very peace- 
 ably fuppreffing all the Stragglings of Nature ; then turning to the 
 Multitude, which vrere about .three hundred Perfons, (lie thus cx- 
 preifed her felf. . 
 
 ‘ It is a new Speftacle to behold a Queen brought upon a Scaffold 
 ■ toDieby the Hands of a Hangmaib 1 have not learn’d to undrefs 
 
 ! my 
 
SCOTLAND. 
 
 * myfelf, and put off my Royal Orn^arnents info great a Company, 
 ‘ and to have Two Hangmen.in the Place of th'e Grooms of my Cham- 
 ‘ beV : But we muft fubmit to what Heaven is plealed to have done ! 
 
 * I proteft here before the Face of the living God, I never attempted 
 ‘ any Thing againft the Life or Eftate of my Coufin Queen Elizabeth^ 
 
 neither have I committed any Thing worthy of this Ufage. If any 
 ‘ thingcan be charged againft me as aCrime,iti^ forLivlngand Dying 
 ‘ in the Religion of my Anceftors, iti ' which I ; was Born and Bred! ,.l 
 ‘ pray God forgive all thofe who' ftied innocent' Blood under a Pretence 
 ‘ of Religion. As thy Arms, O Lord Jefus I were ftretched forth on 
 ‘ the Crofs, fo receive me into the ftretched forth Arms, of thy Mer- 
 ‘ cy! At which Time the moft.Malicious of her Enemies were feen to 
 fhed Tears, and many loud Exclamations were heard' , againft the 
 Cruelty of Queen Elizabeth, and the. Judges who had fo unjuftly 
 taken away the Life of this Innocent Queen. Some of her Judges 
 who were prefent, were feen to tremble wdth Horrour, and the Hang- 
 man who was cloath’d in Black Velvet fell down on hia Knees, ask- 
 ing her Pardon ; which her Majefty moft willingly granted, faying, 
 not only to him, but all her Enemies, and Perfecutors. After thefe 
 Words Ihe kneel’d down .by her felf praying aloud. She repeated 
 moft fervent Prayers for her Son and Native Country, for' France, 
 for England, for her cruel Murderers, for her unjnft Judges and Exe- 
 cutioner, Recommending her Spirit unto the Hands of the Saviour 
 of the World.. She then difpofed her felf for the Block; the Exe- 
 cutioner very impudently came to her Majefty, offering to help off her 
 Gown, butihe. repelFd him, and fay’d that Office fhould only be done 
 by her own Servants. Her diftreffed Servants who were almoft di- 
 ftrafted with Grief came to her and prepared her Majefty for the 
 StrokCj ihe herfelf helping them very Diligently. Having laid open 
 her Neck, more White then Alabafter, before thofe inhumane Mur- 
 derers, whofe guilty Confciences then extorted Sighs and Groans. 
 Her Majefty kifs’d all her Women Attendants, and with a fliorc Smile 
 bad them Farewel ; to fliew them that -fhe died with Comfort and 
 Conftancy : The poor Women burft out into violent Groans and 
 lamentable fCrycs, but the Queen reproved them, faying, Nay, what 
 do yen m anr^ have not I anfwered for your Conjiancy, and that your 
 Gtief fhould not be importunate, and do you thus fuffer your felves- to 
 be Jr anf ported with Lamentation when I am going to -exchange a Tem- 
 poral Kingdom full of Mifiryjor an JBverlafiing Empire fuM- of Felicityo 
 
liS T'he HISTO^Tof 
 
 She then had her moft Beautiful and Majeftick Countenance co- 
 vered from the fight of this vain World, and applycd herfelf to 
 the Block, and began the Pfalm ; In thee 0 Lord have I hoptd^ &c. 
 repeating again and again the Sacred words. Into thy Hands &:c. 
 The Terrifyed Executioner Trembling, made one Stroke with his Ax 
 andinftcadof her Neck wounded the Hinder part of her Head, but 
 Quickly difpatcbing two Strokes more, he took up the head all Bloody 
 and pale, and with a Horrible Voice, pronounced, Long live ^ueen^ 
 Elizabeth^ fo perijh all her Enemies Which Words were repeated by 
 the Earl of Kent after him. When all the Speftators, befides them 
 two {viz the Hangman and the Earl of Kent~) were in fighs and Tears. 
 Her Majefty‘s Blood was gather’d up by her attendants in Silver Ba- 
 fbns, and the People of Engl and great Refpeft to her Body,Ex- 
 
 • cept the Furious Earl of Kent^ who ordered that ail her Servants 
 fliould be driven out of the Hall, and Caufed the Sacred Body to 
 be Locked up in a Chamber in the Caftlc, and ordered, that the 
 Boards and Cloaths which were purpled with the Blood of the Inno- 
 eentQuecn, fliould be Burnt. Her poor diftreffed Women did notCeafe 
 to fit at the Door, Looking thorough the Cliftes of the Door on 
 the Bloody Body of their beloved Miftrefs, and never left that Place 
 till they Accompany’d her Corps to the Cathedral Church of Peptr- 
 horoHgb, where flic was Interred. Many of the beft Sort of People 
 let fall their Tears on her Grave, and Bewailed the Unfortunate 
 Fate of the moft Innocent Queen. When the News was Brought to 
 London^ all their Bells were Rung for Joy that they had Exceeded 
 all the other Kingdoms of the Known World in fuch a barefaced In- 
 humane and Barbarous Murder, whkh was (as the Thoughts of it muft 
 ever be) abhorr’d by all profeflbrs of Chriftianity, except the Impious 
 Aftors. When the Nevys of Queen Marf?> Death was brought to 
 
 ■ Qu^Qn Elizabeth^ ihe feem’d to be in a Paffion ofGrief, and wouldnot 
 be feen by any for fevcral Days. Whether flie was really Sorry or not, 
 
 ■ Godalone knowstheTruth. But’tisfure that Queen commit- 
 
 ted Davijon^ont of her Secretaries to the Tower, where he continued, 
 and was never admitted again to his Place, becaufe of his Fotwardnefs 
 in promoting the Death of our innocent Queen. Ihu^-' '-\ded the Beft 
 of Women, on the 8th Day oi February^ in the Year efi'/j /rift 1586, 
 and the ^th Year of her Age, after being detain’d Unlawfully 18 
 Years Prifoner in England, “She wasAccufed, Try’d, and Sentenc’d, 
 without any Shadow of Law, juftice, or Equity, andMu^’ic^d with- 
 out any Mercy, Compaflion or Chriftian Charity. If my Par- 
 tial 
 
SCOTLAND- 12 p 
 
 -tial'Reader thinks I have taken too much Liberty with the Charafters of 
 theQiie^nof England and herCouncellors, I dcfire they raayperufe the 
 Oxford Edition of the Great Camhde?i’s Annals of the Reign of 
 Queen Elizabeth^ and they’ll find far more faid there, than I have un- 
 dertaken either to Vindicate Queen Mary^ or Condemn Queen Eliza- 
 beth and her Counccilors. 
 
 JAMES VI. the io8 King of SCO TZ ^ VD, 
 
 J AMES the VI. the Son of Queen Mary hy Henry Stew art ^'Lor A 
 Darnly^ was Born in the Caftle of Edinburgh the 19th day of 
 June 1^66^ and was Baptized at Stirling the 17th oi December 
 thereafter, and was as before mentioned Crown’d at Stirling theU 4 th 
 of July 1567 . In the Beginning of his Reign he was furrounded by 
 his Mother’s Enemies, and thofe who had Murdered his Father. 
 The Earl of Murray continued himfelf Regent till he Was fiiot "at 
 Linlithgow as before mentioned, and to him fucceeded the EarFof 
 Lenox King’s Grandfather; But theZ^/omeri- having the ftrongeft 
 ■Party, they oblig’d the Regent to fubmit to their Pleafure ; Leno'x 
 propofed to the Reformers to take the lame Method in Reforming 
 as the Protefiants in England had done, but that Propofition was 
 ftiffly withftood and objefted againft by John Knox and George Buchan- 
 non, as being very Little altered from down right Popery^ as rheyfaid. 
 iewoA; being (lain in a Tumult at was fucceeded by theEarl of 
 
 ; But Afarfow thinking Mar toomuch in thelntereft of the Captive 
 Queen, made a Party, and tookthe Regency from him, and got him- 
 ielf chofen Regent; but Morton thcAflifiance of his ttufty 
 
 Friend the Earl of Murray^ and was fo very Proud of his high Place, 
 that there was no Bounds to his Extravagancy and Infolence, where- 
 by he wrought his owm Ruin Effeftually : The King coming to the 
 Age of Twelve Years took the Government upon him; he leem’d 
 •very much concern’d for the Affliding Imprifonment of the Queen 
 his Mother; but had too ftrong a Party ofhrr Enemies about him, 
 to attemi^r any Means for her Releafe. When the King was above 
 Fifteen Years of Age, feveral Papers were found, whereby it ap- 
 pear’d that the Earls oi Murray and Morton rhe Contrivers of 
 the late King’s Murder; and that'rhey \m'^\ovtdi Bothweii and 
 many others to execute the horrid Fatf. The Earl of being 
 
 -R r dead, 
 
The Hisronr of 
 
 dead, Morton was try’d, and found Guilty of the Murder, and Sen- 
 rence of Death was paft upon him for being Art and Part in the 
 Murder of the late King Henry ; upon which many of thofe who had 
 lb Violently Perfecuted and Detamed the Queen, fled fecretly, fear- 
 ing the King would then, proceed to punifli his Mother's Pcrfecutors, 
 as well as his Father’s Murtherers : But that Puniflimcnt extended no ■ 
 further then Morton, who was beheaded at Edinburgh by an Inftru- 
 rnent ofExecution he had himfelf contrived, and ordered to be made 
 for other Necks; but he himfelf got the firft Stroke or (as they term 
 it) Maidenhead of it, by which it was called the Maiden ; which In- 
 ilrument hasever fince been ufed to behead Peers, and Perfons of Qua- 
 lity ; ’Tis certainly far before any other Inftrument of Execution in 
 •the known World for Dexterity of Execution. Here let my Im- 
 partial Reader conflder, that this Earl’s juft Suffering was an evident 
 I'eftimony of the Innocence of Queen Mary ; but yet her Friends be- 
 ing the weaker Party they could not attempt any Thing. 
 
 Among thofe who fled upon the Impeachment of the Earl of Mor^ 
 tm, the Learned George huchann an was one, fearing his Life might 
 be in Danger, but after fome Years Stay over Seas he returned with- 
 out being fufpefted, and foon got into Favour with his Pupil the 
 King ; but yet his He Jure Regni afud Scotos, was condemned by the 
 King and Parliament, in the Year of Chrift 1584; and I wonder 
 whatPeopleof this Age mean, to have that Scandalous SeditiousLi- 
 bel Tranflated and Re-printed. Upon my Word I think it is very 
 great Impudence in any Scotsmanxo offer to hand down to Pofterity 
 fuch a Seditious Treafonable Libel, expreffly againft the Afts paffd 
 by the King and People, to fupprefs and deftroy it. 
 
 The King Ipenta great Part of his Time in fettling Religion, but 
 foundDifficulty to bring it to any Conformity. In the Year 1589,3 
 Marriage was treated with Ann, Daughter to Frederick the Second. King 
 o^Denmark : And the King hearing that his Marriage was Confumated 
 by Proxy, he took Shipping at Lieth, and in Five Days after landed in 
 Denmark, .undwas folemnly Married, and after fpending fome Days with 
 the Queen Mother he fet Sail and arrived fafein Leith Har- 
 
 bour thie 20th of May 1590, and foon after the Queen was folemnly 
 Crown’d zt-Holy-rood-houfe, and on the S6zh of ■ Augu/f 1593, (lie was 
 delivered of a Son at Stirling, who wasBaptifed by the Nameof 
 Frederick, and was Proclaim’d Prince of Scotland, und Duke of Albany, 
 andxwo Years.aftei thePrincefs Elizabeth was Born zvEdinburgh. 
 
SCOTLAND. 151 
 
 In the Year 1599 JobnEavl of Gowry znd his Brother Alexander 
 Rtithven attempted to kill the King zt Perth : But bothofthem wer e 
 flain in the Attempt, and all their Lands were fefzed for the King’s 
 Ufc, and the 5th of Augufi is ever fince Celebrated in Commemora- 
 tion thereof. The 26th of February 1600 Yxmct Charles was Born at 
 Dunferrnling. About this Time the King laboured with great Care 
 to bring the Church or Kirk of Scotland to a Conformity in Go- 
 vernment, and Ceremonies, but had very indifferent Succefs in 
 that Undertaking. On the 24th oi March i6pz. Queen Elizabeth 
 of England Died, and left her Crown to King 'James in Return for 
 his Mother’s Head ; (an Honourable Exchange indeed ! ) when the 
 King received the News he called a Counfel, and the 5th of April 
 he fet out for England^ and was attended by a Number of the No- 
 bility and Gentry : But among his Numerous Train he took Notice 
 af a certain Gentleman, who came in deep Mourning ; the King know- 
 ing him asked him the Rcafon of his being in Mournnig ; he anfwered 
 he could do ?io Lefs than attend the Funeral of the Nation in that Drefs, 
 The King took very great Notice of that Saying, and fccm’d to be 
 in very great Concern, but dropp’d the Thought, and went ftraight 
 to London^ and was with great Solemnity received at the Charter- 
 Houfe where he flay’d Four Days, and then conferr’d the Honour of 
 Knighthood upon Eighty Gentlemen ; And on St. James's Day, the 
 King and Queen were Crown’d at Wefiminfier^ in the Fatal Marble 
 Chair. . 
 
 King James was not long in England hefort the Lords Cobham and 
 Grey, Sir Walter Rawleigh^ Sir Griffin Markham^ George Brook Brother 
 to the Lord Cobham, and feveral others were all convifted of High 
 Treafon, and were condemned, and brought even to the Place of Ex- 
 ecution, and moft of them freely pardoned, and fome of th?m remit- 
 ted Prifonersto the Tower ; Among thofe'who were continued Pri- 
 foners in the Tower, was the Famous Sir Walter Rawleigh, who fome 
 Years after propofed to the King to find Gold Mines in the Eafi-hu 
 dies in a Place called and that without any Wrong to the 
 
 King of Spain, but at his Return fuch Complaints were made, that 
 he was beheaded. Several remarkable Paffages and Tranfadtions hap> 
 pen’d during the King’s abode in England, and among the Reft the 
 Gun. Powder -Freafon lb much talked of. I find many People write 
 differently of this Plot : The Roman Catholicks fay, it was a contrived 
 Plot of Secretary Cicil to deftroy the Papifts, d.n i he alledged it was 
 a Popijh Plot to deftroy the King and Parliament; But fince it was 
 
the msrom of 
 
 zn Efiglijh Affair, ’tisnot much my Bufinefs to take Notice of it or 
 any Bart of the Hiftory of that Nation, except fo far as may con- 
 cern the Affairs of Scotland. Since England had the Profit of the 
 King and Court let them be at the Pains to record the Memoirs of it. 
 
 In the Year 1612 YsAngJames tranflated the Corps of his Mur- 
 dered Mother from Peterborough Church to the Chappel of her 
 Grandtather Henry the Seventh at Weflminfter Abbey. In the fame 
 Year, on the Sixth of November died Prince Henry of a Malignant 
 p'ever. His Death was Univerrally lamented, for be was very well 
 beloved by every one. The Fourteenth of February the next Year 
 the Princefs Elizabeth was married to the Prince Palatine of the 
 Rhine. 
 
 King James had a Deffre to fee Scotland onct more to take Leave 
 of it, and in the Year 1617 came to Scotland, he came by eafy Jour- 
 nies, till he came to Berwick, where he was met by the Nobility of 
 Scotland with their Attendance, and was received by the Edv\ of Hume, 
 the Hereditary Sheriff of Mer’s, with three thoufand Horfemcn all 
 well Arm.ed. Of the Nobility there were with his Majefty 
 
 the Duke of Buckingham the Earls of Arundale, Rutland, Pembroke, 
 Southampton, Montgomery and Car lijle. When he came over the Bound 
 Road he alighted from his Horfe, and received all the Nobility of 
 Scotlond, and alfo welcomed the Englijh Nobility into Scotland, and 
 rpounted his Horfe and rode to Dunglajs, the Earl of Hume's Houfe, 
 and the next Day went- to Houfe, the Earl Winton's Houfe, 
 
 and the next Day entered Edinburgh at the Weft Port, where the 
 ;Lord Provojb of Edinburgh received his Majefty, and after making 
 an Eloquent Oration, ptefented to the King a Large Gold Bafon 
 .with a Thoufand Pieces of Gold therein. The train’d Bands of the 
 City lined both Sides of the Street, they being all clad in Velvet 
 and Satin, with Parizado's in their Hands. He went to the High 
 Church, where he heard a Sermon Preached by the Arch-Bifliop of St. 
 
 . Andrews) after Sermon the King went towards the Abbey of Holy- 
 Rood'-Houfe, and at St. Johns Ci'ofs in the Cannon Gate, John Hay, 
 the Lord Provofi of Edinburgh was by his Majefty Knighted. 
 
 The King foon after called a Parliam.ent at hdinburgh, and the 
 jFirftDay of it’s Sitting he went in State attended, by all the Peers, 
 Barons and Surgefes from the Royal Palace to the Parliament Houfe, 
 In this Parliament the Earl of Mentr.ofs was Chancellor, Alexander 
 ^eaton Bro'her to the Earl of fVi won was created Eav[ of H unfir m- 
 Jing, Lcrd Fife,Sc<. and made Lord Prefident of the Counfel. and 
 Sepo/ic After 
 
SCOTLAND. 
 
 After this Parliament was Adjourn’d, the King fet out from Edin. 
 burgh to Linlithgow, and from thence to Stirling, where he was Royal- 
 ly entertained by the Earl of ; from Stirling ht went to Biui. 
 firmling^ Faulkland and Scoon, and eroding lay went to St. Andrews, 
 where he was Royally entertained by the Arch-Bifhop, and returned 
 to Stirling^^ and went to Glajfgow, where he was received by the Lord 
 ^Frovofl of that City ; after haying lome Days there he went to 
 ''Lochlowmont and Hunted, and flew many Deer there, and croffing 
 the River Clyde came to Pajly, where he was entertained for fevc- 
 ral Days by the Earl of Abercorn ; from thence he went to Ha- 
 milton, where he was entertained feveral Days by the Marquils of 
 Hamilton', from thence he went to Drumfrees, where 
 
 he ftayed fome Days ; And the Fifth Day of Auguji he crofs’d the 
 River Arjfeg, and went to and croffing thro’ Cumberland, Weft- 
 
 rnoreland, Lancajhire -dudCheJhire, returned to London, where he Ifv’d 
 very peaceably. All the Princes of Europe feiit Ambaffiadors to Con- 
 gratulate him with the Title of King of Great -Britain. 
 
 The Queen Died at Hampton Court the Second of March 1618, and 
 was Buried at Weftminfler. In the Year 1621, the Prince Palatine 
 of the Rhine was Elefted King of Bohemia by the States of that King- 
 dom ; But immediately the Emperor with a great Army Alfaulted 
 him in Prague, and drove him with his Princefs and Children from 
 thence, and alfo deprived him of his Patrimony of the Palatinate. 
 The Forlorn Prince and his Princefs very Earneftly follicited the 
 King their Father, but he loved Peace far better than War, and fo 
 let their Caufe drop. 
 
 This good peaceable King died at Theobalds the 27th of March 
 1625, and was Buried in Wejiminjfer. He Reigned 59 Years ovzv Scot- 
 land, and 2 3 over England. 
 
 C H A R L E S I. the 109 King of SCOTLAND. 
 
 C HARLES I. the Son of James the Sixth, Succeeded his Father 
 in the Year of the World 5682, in the Year of Chrift 162-4, af- 
 ter the Reign of Scotland 1954* He was Born at Dunfirmling the 
 19th of November i6co. He was Proclaimed at Edinburgh thQ 3 ift 
 of March 1624, by the Name and Stile of Charles by the Grace of God 
 K\x\g of Scotland, England,Er ante znd Ireland, Pmz. He pafs’d to Spain 
 Incognito in the Year 1622, to Marry the Infanta of Spaitt,h\iixhdl 
 Match being broken off, he returned through France, and faw the 
 
 S s Princefi 
 
134 The H ISTOm' of 
 
 Princefs Henreta Daughter to Henry the Fourth King of Trance^ 
 and after his Return lo England^ \\t fent an Ambaffador to trance^ 
 and was Married by Eroxy to the faid Princefs, and fome Months 
 after the Funeral of the King his Father the Queen arrived &t'Do.ver^ 
 vvhcrctheKingwentand met her, and hisfirft Compliment to her was; 
 That he Defined to be no longer Majier of hirnjelf than he was Servant to her. 
 Which he made Good. 
 
 Upon the 29th of May i63o, the Queen was delivered at St. James’’ s 
 of a Son, who was Baptifed by the Name of the fame Day 
 
 that bewasBorn,about Noon a Bright .S’fd/' was feen in the Firmament. 
 The King longed to fee his Native Country oi Scotland^ but many 
 i\\t EngUJh Nobility being againft his going, prevailed with the 
 King to write to a certain Lord who, had the Keeping of the Crown 
 of Scotland^ to bring it to England^ that he might be Crown’d there ; 
 but that Lord returned Anfwer : That he durji not offer to do fo for . 
 his Life, but if his Majefiy would be pleafed to accept of it in the Pro- | 
 per Place J)e (hould find his People of that Elation ready to render him [ 
 ad due RefpeB and Honour, as their King. j 
 
 The King was a great Lover of Scotland, his Native Coun- ' 
 
 try, and being bred amongft Scotsmen, who-wcrc ftill more about 
 him at the Courtof England, than the People of that Nation ; On 
 the i3th olMay id33 his Majefiy begun his Journey tow^ards .Jrof- 
 land : He no fooner entered Scotland, but all the Englifh Officers and 
 Servants Yielded up their Attendance to tliofc of Scotland, (who had 
 Titles to the feveral Offices by their Birth, as moft of the Great 
 Offices of that Nation are held by Inheritance) fo that all the Tables 
 of the King’s Houfc, which had been kept by the Engliflj Officers, were 
 Jaid down, and taken up by the Scots, who kept them up with the I 
 fame Order and Equal Splendor ; and treated the Englifh Nobility 
 with all the Freedom and Civility Imaginable, as alfo the Nobility of 
 Scotland did at their own Expence, where their Offices did not En- 
 title them to Tables .at the Charges of the Crown, and kept Sump- 
 tuous Entertainments for their Englifh Gucfls, in Return of. the En- 
 tertainment’they had from them w'hile at the.. Court oi England. 
 The Englifh Nobility themfclvcs have notdeny’d, but the Generofity 
 and Civility of the Scots far exceeded their Expetlation ; nor do they 
 deny, that the King appear’d with as great Luflrc at Edinburgh, 
 as he did at any Time at London, and in the greateft Pomp and So- 
 lemnity his Majefiy was Cvown’d at Edinburgh the i8th Day of 
 1^3 3 : And called a Parliament, wherein all his Subjeds by their 
 
 Reprefentativci 
 
Reprefentatives gave his Majefty all Teftiitlonies of Loyalty and 
 Duty. 
 
 The King Teem’d Extremely pleafed with his Reception, and with 
 all the Tranfaftions there, during his Stay. As the King was al- 
 ways very Zealous for the Church of England^ his Majefty had no- 
 thing more at Heart, than to Vnite the taro Kingdoms under one Form 
 of Worfhip ; and ’tis believed, his Majefty carried Dr. Laud with 
 him in that Journey, with Delign to carry on thar Work. Dr. 
 Laud Preached in the Royal Chappel at Edinburgh before the King 
 (which no EngliJhmanh?Ld ever done-before) and in hisSermon Exhor- 
 ted the People of Scotland, to a Conformity with the Church of 
 England ; and had all the Marks of Applaufe, and Approbation Ima- 
 ginable : The great Love, Obedience and Civility of the People be- 
 ing fo UniveiTal ; ’tis believed, ifthcKinghad propofed the Litur- 
 gy of the Church' of at that Time, irhad been received and 
 
 praf\ifed by the Nation, wdthout any Oppofition. But the King was 
 advi.fed by Tome of the Nobility, that it was not a proper 
 
 time to promote that Bufinefs, (becaufe forfooth they dreaded fuch 
 an Agreement might obftruft their inhumane Defigns.) The King made 
 no further Motion in Church Affairs but that he left Charge with 
 feme Bifliop’s in Scotland, to provide fuch a Liturgy, and Book of 
 Cannons, as might be moft Suitable to the Humour of the People ; 
 and as Toon as they made them ready, they fliould Tranfmit them to 
 the Arch-Biftiop of Canterbury ; And the King left Scotland thelaft 
 of Auguji. On the i^th oi OBober i633 Joints Dukc.ofTor/t was 
 Born. According to the King’s orders, the Biflrops of Tent 
 
 a Liturgy and Book of Cannons to England, but while the Arch- 
 Bifhop of Canterbury had it to Confider of, Many Perfons in England 
 had employ’d their Tongues and Pens againft Epifcopacy and Bilhops ; 
 among which was Dr. Williams Biftiop of Lincoln who was fined and 
 fufpended from his Office and Benefits, and Imprifoned for Foment- 
 ing the People againft Epifcopacy and Bifiiops, and venting Tome 
 diffionourable Speeches againft the King : As aifo Mr. Pryn,T)v. Bafi- 
 wick, Mr. Burton, a Lawyer, Phyfician and Divfjje, for writing a- 
 gainft Epifcopacy and Bifiiops, were fentenced to pay 5000 1. to 
 lofe their Ears in the Pillory, and be branded with Hot Irons in the 
 Forehead, and fent into Banifiiment. When many of the Seditious 
 Faftion found that fuch Men were puniffied without any Regard or 
 Refpeft to their Degrees and Quality ; they fled privately from Eng- 
 land and many of them Scotland in Difguife, where they 
 
 did 
 
I}6 rhe HlsrO^Yof 
 
 did with the utmod Indaftry and Diligence Foment the People ot 
 that Nation, and Hired many Common Preachers to allarm the Peo- 
 ple, that the King and Bidiops of both Nations had agreed to Intro- 
 duce Popery, as they termed the Erg I ijh Chmch Worlhip ; and alfo, 
 that they defigned to alter the Anticnt Conftitution of the Nation, 
 and to Reduce the Kingdom of Scotland to a dependant Province like 
 Ireland: Thefe Sowers of Sedition and Rebellion found out Tome of the 
 Nobilty of Scotland^ who indeed had been bred in Antimonarchical 
 Principles, and were eahly prevailed upon, to believe what was mod 
 agreeable to their own Humour and Inclinations : So Succefsful were 
 they in their mod Impious Defigns, that they had polfeffed the Com- 
 mon People all over the Nation, with fuch an Antipathy againd E- 
 pifcopacy ; That upon the i3th ol July when the Liturgy (af- 
 
 ter it had been fent from Scotland as before metioned, and perufed, 
 approved and confirmed by the King and the Bifliops in England) was 
 Publiflied and appointed to be read in all Churches : The Sun- 
 day Morning when the Dean in his Epifcopal Habiliments was read- 
 ing the new compofed Liturgy in St. Giles's Church at Edinburgh^ the 
 Common People both Men and Women flung Cudgels, Stones and 
 Stools, or any Thing that came fird to Hand, at the Dean (’tis told 
 as a Story, that this Attack was fird begun by an old Woman named 
 Janet Gaddefs, who dood up near the Dean, and faid aloud ; What 
 the De'il does the Fa'fe Loon think to fay his Black Mafs at my Lugg ; 
 and with that flie flung with all I’er Pith the Stool whereon flie fat, 
 which was fcconded by all the Mob in the Church,) whereupon the 
 Bifliop mounted the Pulpit, and from thence put them in Mind of 
 the Sacrednefs of the Place, of their Duty to God and the King ; 
 But he found no more Reverence, nor was the Clamour and Diforder 
 leflened, till the Chancellor from his Seat Commanded the Lord 
 Provod to interpofe his Authority, to fupprefs the Mob ; which at 
 lad he did, by calling his Guards, who drove out of the Church the 
 Ruded of thoie who made the Didurbance,and fliut the Doors, which 
 gave the Dean Leave to proceed in reading the Liturgy ; But thofe 
 who were turned out, contiirued fuch a Barbarous Noif'e without, and 
 Endeavoured to break down the Windows and Doors, fo that it was 
 not Poflible for any to follow their Devotions, and when they had 
 done ail that could be done there, when the Magidrates departed to 
 their own Houles, the Rabble followed the Bifliops with all the Op- 
 probrious Language they could invent, accufing them ofbringing in 
 ■£uperlution into the Kingdom, and making the People Slaves, and 
 
 were 
 
SCO T L A N D- 
 
 were not Satisfied with the Ufeof their Tongues, but alfo employed 
 their Hands, and threw Dirt and Stones at the Bifliop of Edin- 
 lurgh (whom they looked upon as the mod Aftive in that Caufc) they 
 treated him fo Rudely,: that it was with Great Difficulty that he 
 got to his own Houfe with his Life. And as this was the Reception 
 the Liturgy had in the Cathedral; fo it fared no better in the other 
 Churches of the City. The Mob threatned the Men, whofe Offices 
 it was to Read it, with the fame bitter Execrations againfl; Biftiops 
 -zvidi Popery. 
 
 After this'Ufage the Biffiops Difpatched an Exprefs to the King 
 (without defiring Proteftion, or Confulting the Council, whereat 
 •many were offended) with a full Account of what pafs’d, and defired 
 that his Majefty would take what Meafures be thought moft Pro- 
 per and Expedient, to carry on this Bufinefs ; And as the King had 
 •always a great Regard for the Prefervation of the Priviledges of hi£ 
 Native Country, and that they might not have any Dependance up- 
 on England^ he never fuffered any Thing Relating to Scotland^ to 
 'be Debated cr even Communicated to the Privy Council oiEngland, 
 but handled all Affairs of that Nation himfelf, with a few No- 
 blemen, who always attended the Court, for the Bufinefs of that 
 Kingdom. The King upon this, fent fuch an Anfwer to Scotland^zs, 
 •Exprefs’d his Difpleafurc, Charging the Lord of the Council toap- 
 4 )ear more Vigoroufly in the Vindication of his Authority, and 
 Suppreffion of the Tumults ; But all to |ittlc Purpofe ; for the Se- 
 ditious People, after they had once begun, .purfued their DefignsVL 
 gorouliy, and with all Imaginable Contempt of the Government ; And 
 tho’ the firft Day of their Appearance, no Perfonsof Diftinftion were 
 feen, but the Dregs of the People ; yet they were foon after Coun- 
 tenanced by Confiderable Perfons, Efpecially Women; even Ladies 
 of the bed Quality declared themfelves of their Party, and with all 
 the Reproaches imaginable made War upon the Bilhops, and Reviled 
 them pLiblickly as Introducers of Popery and Superftition ; and by 
 their Condant Sollicitations, and Feminine Subtilty, prevailed on 
 their tender hearted Husbands, with Sighs and Tears to join with 
 them in the Caufe of the Lord ; (as they term’d Presbytry') to which 
 ■many of them confented (rather than difoblige their dear Wives, 
 as all Scotfmen are Naturally very tender Husbands) and joyned 
 the Ring-leaders of the Presbyterian Party. They all alfem- 
 •bled at Glaffgow i\\t of November i638, and fummoti’d the BL 
 Qiops to 3-ppear before them, and for not Appearing, Excommuni- 
 
 •T t -cated 
 
3 3 § themST^Omof ’ 
 
 cated them ; and then they entered into a Solemn League and Cove- 
 nant to extirpate Epifcopacy, and to defend themfelves againft all E- 
 ncmies whatlbever ; which Covenant they had the Confidence to dc- 
 :ire the King to Subferibe, Alledging fuch a Covenant had been Sub-- f 
 feribed by the late King James the Sixth., 
 
 The Covenanters being informed from their Confederates ia it 
 England^ how much the King was Offended at their Proceedings, Pe- ‘ 
 titioned the King, upon which the King, who was defirous of Peace, 
 pardoned all their paft Offences, and propofed new Methods to fettle ' 
 the Differences in Religion. But his Clemency and Goodnefs en- i 
 couraged their Infolence fo far, that they raifed an Army in the 
 Month of May^ and Iffued their own Proclamations, and Seized the 
 King’s Revenue, and ln\itzd QVtvirom Germany ontDavidLeJJy^ whom . 
 they made their General. Upon the Account of their being in Arms, 
 the King raifed an Army in England^ and came in Perfon againft the. 
 Covenanters (as the Rebels were ftiled) and provided a Good Fleet, 
 with an Army of 3ooo Foot put on Board thereof, under the Com- 
 mand of the Marquifs of Hamilton, , The King, made the Earls of. 
 Arundel^ EJfex. and Holland^ Generals of his Array, and when the 
 King’s Army came to the Borders, hefent the Earl of Holland with ' 
 pooo Horfe againft the Covenanters^ who had Advanced as far as 
 Dunce Mers, their Army .was about 3ooo; but the moft of 
 
 them were but Country Fellows without Arms, who were got to- : 
 gether to make a Show. But if the Earl of Holland had as muchCon- 
 duft,' Courage and Loyalty as the King expefted, he might with very 
 great Eafe have nipp’d in the Bud, and deftroy’d entirely the De- 
 ffruttive Weeds, which has ever fince overfpread the Face of that' 
 Nation ; But the Wary Earl feeing x\\t Covenanters At 2 L\Nx\ up, on a 
 riling Ground, where Lefly had very Advantagioufly made the Ap. 
 pearance of a great Body of Men, l)y Extending the Front as far as 
 his Men could make one Line; which when the Earl of Holland be-, 
 held atfome Diftance, he without fo much as making any Enquiry 
 into their Number, returned to the King’s Camp; which gave the 
 Covenanters T\vat to put themfelves in a better Pofture of Defence, 
 and alfo encreafe their Numbers. , In the mean Time, their Promp- 
 ters from England heLAknt them Proper Inftruftions how to play their 
 Barts, and they wrote to the Three Generals of the King’s Army, 
 {viz.) the E^xh Arundale.^ Ejfex and Holland, begging they might re- 
 prefent their Complaints to the King ; and as they well knew the 
 E:_ 3 rl.of Effex, to bg , an Enemy to the Marquifs of Hamilton's Intereft^ 
 
 therefore 
 
SCOTLAND. 
 
 therefore defired him particularly, to do them all the good Offices he 
 could, with the King ; thi^t they might be admitted into his Majeftics 
 Prefence. The Earl was hot Backward in anlwering their Dcfire, 
 as appeared by thefudden Treaty of Pacification entered upon and con- 
 cluded. All this Time the Marquifs of Hamilton lay before Leith 
 with the Fleet, and when he had Notice of the Treaty from the King, 
 he left the Fleet, and came to the King where he was Encamped at 
 Berks ; the Treaty being Signed fome Hours before he came to the 
 Camp ; he found great Fault with it, and did not fpare to tell the 
 King of the Evil Cenfequences of it. The King returned to London 
 in very great Hade, and disbanded the Army, and fent the Earl of 
 TraqiAair to Edinburgh, to prepare all Things for the Parliament, 
 But this Treaty of Pacification was of fuch Advantage to the Ove- ■ 
 nanters, that they carried on their Devices at their Leifure, with- 
 out any Interruption, and though at their Firft Rifing they were not 
 well provided with Arms, nor Ammunition; yet now they had both 
 fent Privately from Holland, by the Earl of Argyle's Intereft with 
 Merchants there ; and altho’ that Earl was more indebted to the 
 King’3 Goodnefs at that Time, than any Man in the Nation ; yet 
 he with the Earl of Ltwdon were the Firft who joined the Covenan- 
 ters Publickly ; notwithdandingall the Solemn Proteftations of Loyalty 
 they had made to the King, when Firft the Covenantors appeared in 
 ArmSi Argyle having brought all his Tenants and Servants to E- 
 dinbttrgh, and Signed the Covenant, and engaged to ftand by them 
 with Life and Fortune; the Earl of Lowdsn being joined with him, 
 they by their Intereft engaged many to the Party ; for the Earl - 
 of Lorpden was the Man of greateft Parts' among them, and was one 
 of the Firft who was engaged by their Englijh Contrivers. Now 
 what was fo much Detefted by every one, is publickly Efpoufed as 
 being a good Work, and the Caufe of the Lord (as they term it :) And 
 behold a Numerous Army isRaifed, and Marched towards 
 
 The King finding.thc proceed that Length againft the 
 
 Aricies of Pacification, he railed another Army, and fent the Lord 
 Conway from Eork againft the Covenanters ; but by the bad Conduft 
 of that Lord, the were again Encouraged, and took Pof- 
 
 feffion of Newcajlle upon Tine : In the mean Time they fent an Ad- 
 drefs to the King, full of pretended Loyalty and Submiffion, defiring 
 a. Treaty -.And the King who was always too ready to liftento their 
 feigned Repentance and Pretence of Loyalty, fent Commiflioners from 
 Tork to Rippon, to treat. with the Covenanters^ who fent the Earl of. 
 
 Lowden-^- 
 
14 ° 
 
 The HlStO^RT of 
 
 Lowden and Alexander Henderfon, a Famous Presbyterian Preacher, 
 with fome others of his Brethren, to treat with the Englljh Com- 
 miflioners, and fo Complaifant were the moft part of thofe Englifh 
 Peers, that they were very well fatisfyed with the Alteration propo- 
 fed by i\\t Covenanters -Aox indeed, each of them thereby had fome 
 Viewof Intereft ; as for the King’s Safety or Satisfaftion, they looked 
 upon as the Intcreft of another Man, quite different from their own; 
 therefore I may freely fay, Ehat fome of thofe -Cornmijjioners^ inflead 
 of djfcharglng their Duty to their King according to the Jruji given thern'j 
 they at that Time concerted EffeBnal Meafures for carrying on the Rebel- 
 lion againfi his Majefty. They there agreed on a Ceffation of Arms, 
 
 . and the Englifh Commiffioners returned to the King, and advifed his 
 Majefty to remove the Treaty to which they had before con- 
 certed, to the End Covenanters might have tlieir Commif- 
 
 fioners to refide at London^tocdxsy on their Defigns there with the 
 greater Safety and Expedition for both Parries ; Altho’ they atfirft 
 •had contrived the horrid Schemes of the Rebellion, yet had no Mind 
 to appear Publickly in it ; but ftill plotted Secretly, and prompted 
 to the Covenanters^ among whom they had diftributed feveral Perfons 
 fit for that Purpofe. The Covenanter s Commiffioners being now at 
 London^ they were mightily Carefs’d by their Confederates there, and 
 had Phees appointed for the Exercife of their Worfliip, and indeed, 
 their Preachers being joined by the Engliflo Diffenters, did Publickly 
 deliver in Sermons their Defigns, which was very much liftenedto 
 hy the Credulous People, who reforted to their Conventicles in great 
 lumbers. Thefe Preachers got fuch Preheminency over the People, 
 ■that they reprehended the Husbarids, Governed the Wives, Chaftifed 
 the Children, and infulted the Servants, even in the Houfesof great Men. 
 In the mean Time the Ableft Heads and Hands in England were at 
 Work ; and m?de Religion the Bait to delude the Giddy People, 
 though they from the Beginning had no lefs treacherous Defigns 
 than to deftroy the King; yet that could not be done at once without 
 difeovering the Actors ; they therefore went the cunningeft Way to 
 Work, and in England^ they advanced a very great Step, by cutting 
 .off the Earl of Strafford^ one of the King’s belt Friends : (tho’ a Man 
 Ambitious and Covetous enough.) The Rebels\[k^Sk\\iu\JVood-Cutters 
 •knew they could not eafily ftrike the Tree untill the moft defenfive 
 Branches were Lopped off. After the Earl of Strafford was Beheaded, 
 the Rebels in England began to declare their Defigns to Extirpate E- 
 pifcopacy, and to get the Army continued, and to that 
 
SCOTLAND. 
 
 End, Voted in Parliament, to give' them, a Gratuity of 300, 000 
 Pound, Sterl. befides Twenty Five Thoufand Pounds a Month, during 
 the time of their ftay in England. (This was Really the Price 
 that was Paid afterwards for the King, when He was Delivered up to 
 the Englijh Rebels, by the Covenanters}) The Englijh Rebels in Parlia- 
 ment alledged, that the Clergy of England^ defigned to Raife an Army 
 againft the Parliament, and at laft brought in a Bill againft Epifcopacy,. 
 and at the fame time, plainly declared the Covenanters Army Ihouid 
 not depart England, until that Bill was paft in Parliament : The King 
 being ftrangely Surprized at this fudden Attempt, at firft defired, that 
 both the Englijh Army, and Scots-Covenanters Army Ihouid be Disband- 
 ed, and told them, that He would go to Scotland to Settle the Diftur- 
 bances there, becaufe He Sufpefted the Grounds of thofe Speeches in. 
 the EngliJh^ Parliament, proceeded from the Covenanters in Scotland. 
 But the King’s Enemies in England were very much againft His going 
 to Scotland, fearing that His Majefty might eafily perfwade their Con- 
 federates the Covenanters to an Agreement : And when they found the 
 King was determined to go to Scotland, they appointed a fmalL Com- 
 mittee of one Peer, who was the Lord Howard of Eferick, and two from 
 the Houfe of Commons, whofe Names were Sir Philip Stapleton, and 
 Mr. Hambden, thofe three Perfons were fent by the Houfes of Parlia- 
 ment of England,^ to fee all things performed (according to the Articles 
 of Pacification) in the Parliament of Scotland, as they pretended ; but 
 in truth they were Spyes upon the King, to inform His Enemies in 
 the Parliament of England, in cafe any thing fhould be carried on, or 
 concerted in Scotland contrary to theif Intereft ; and they were of the 
 fame life to the Covenanters .while they were in Scotland, as their Com- 
 miffioners were to the King’s Enemies, while they Redded in London. 
 
 The King began His Journey to Scotland^ the Tenth AagHjl, -\6/^2. 
 And when He Arrived at Edindjurgh ; The Preshyterian-F.aBion (who 
 carried on their Defigns in Parliament,, and every where againft the 
 Bifliops and Church-Party) appointed the y th of September, for a Solemn 
 Day of Thankfgiving, for the Peace between the two Kingdoms ,; which 
 Thankfgiving was Publifhed alfo throughout England, and the Domi- 
 nion of Wales ; and on that Day the Faftious Preachers in all their 
 Pulpits, took Occafion to applaud the Proceedings of the Parliament 
 -of England Covenanters p and to infufe as much Malignity into 
 
 the People, againft all thofe who vyere not of their Faction, as Subtility 
 ' and Malice, could invent : But thofe who had been bufieft in cal- 
 rying on the Rebellion with the Covenanters, begun to defpair of the 
 
 U u Promifes 
 
14 ^ The HISTO^r of 
 
 Promifes of their Englifh Confederates, and every one endeavour’d to> 
 excufe themfelves as much as poffibly they could, and reconcile them- 
 felves with the King, which they did very eafily. 
 
 The two Armies of the Covenanters, and that in England, were Dif- 
 banded in September following ; but tlie King was very much troubled 
 about the Accounts He had of the Animofities in the Houfes of Par- 
 liament in England, and ufed all polTible means to Pacifie them, but all 
 to no purpofe. His .Majefty was ftill Ignorant of the Traytors, who 
 attended Him with no other defign, then to reprefent and advife His 
 Majefty (according to their Daily inftruftions from their Confederates) 
 to every thing which might Contribute moH to His own Deftruftion, 
 and the Intereft of His Knemies. 
 
 The Earl of Montrofs who was a Young Man, but very Populous, 
 was at firft very much Courted by the Covenanters, and Inticed to 
 take the Covenant ; but upon the King’s coming to Scotland he Decli- 
 ned their Intereft, and Declared for the King, and was privately Intro- 
 duced by Mr. William Murray of the King’s Bed-Chamber, to His 
 Majefty, and then made thofe Solemn Vows of Loyalty, which he 
 never after Broke (I may fay) in Thought, Word or Deed ; he In- 
 formed the King of many Particulars of the firft Rifing of the Rebel- 
 lion, and at the fame time, told the King that the Marquefs of Hamil- 
 ton was too eafily advifed by the Earl of Argyle in many things, con- 
 trary to His Majefty’s Intereft. Argyle having Notice of this Informati- 
 on, he made Hamilton believe that there were Defigns to Affinate them 
 both, upon which he went fpeedily out of Town, according to the Earl 
 of Argyle' s Advice, and Argyle who knew the Bufinefs of the Committee 
 ixovs\ England, told them the fame. Story, adding, that the like Defigns 
 were to cut off all the Heads of the Parties both in England and in Scot- 
 land. And they gave fuch Accounts to their Confederates in the Parlia- 
 ment of England, as gave them Opportunity to make Motion in both 
 Houfes of Parliament in England, and ordered that the Earl of Ejfex, 
 who was left General by the King, ftiould appoint fuch a Number of 
 Forces, as he thought Sufficient, to Guard both Houfes of Parliament 
 while they Sate : All this was done to Amufe the People, as if the Par- 
 liament were in Danger, when really they only wanted to Raife an 
 Army, to Rebel againft the King. 
 
 At this time all things were alraoft. Pacifyed in. Scotland, and the 
 Marquifs of Hamilton finding himfelf unjuftly accufed to the King^ re- 
 pair'd to the King at Edinburgh, and having Vindicated himfelf, was 
 Created a Duke ; as alfo the Earl of Argyle made Intereft with the 
 King, and after being received into Favour, was Created a Marquefs 
 
 the. 
 
SCOTLAND. 145 
 
 the King at that time was too eafily perfwaded to believe His Ene- 
 mies, and was fo much Direfted by them, that every thing in Church 
 and State was carried on, as feem’d moft agreeable to them. The 
 Covenanters Ex pell d all Bifliops, and Canonical Clergy, from being 
 Members of the Airembly. The King forefceing the troubles in Eng- 
 land. Endeavoured to make the People of Scotland His Friends, by all 
 poffible means ; The Lord Lowden he made Chancellor, and Created him 
 an Earl, altho’ he had been the greateft Manager of the late Infurrecli- 
 on of the Covenanters : And their General Lejly, He made Earl of Le- 
 von, and their Lieutenant-General Livingfion, was made Earl of Callan- 
 der ; all the above Named Perfons, gave the King all the Affurances 
 and Promifes of Fidelity and Loyalty : Yet they inftead of being 
 Grateful to His Majefty for fuch great Favours, made ufe of their 
 Preferment, to make themfclves more powerful Enemies. 
 
 The King Returned to England in November, and was Received with 
 as great a Shadow of Loyalty and Joy, as ever had been feen upon any 
 Occafion ; The Affairs oUreland at that time, occafioned very great Noife, 
 and the King Propofed to go there in Perfon, not doubting but His 
 Prefence might have Pacified the Commotions of that Country ; But 
 as that Teem’d Difadvantageous to His Enemies, they difwaded His 
 Majefty from that purpofe, and labour’d Daily to Alienate the Affefti- 
 ons of His People from Him, and to make His Majefty Odious to them. 
 The Animolities growing ftill greater ; the King begun to fufpeft what 
 Toon came to paTs, and removed from London to Hampton-Court, and 
 from thence to Windfor ; and from that the Queen went with the 
 Princefs Mary (Accompanied by the King) to Dover, and took Ship- 
 ping, and went to Holland ; the Princefs being Married by Proxy to 
 the Prince of Orange, and was then Solemnly defired by the States Am- 
 baffador, who Waited on the Queen and Princefs to Holland,- the 
 King returned to Theobalds, and fent for the Prince ; and after fome 
 Days ftay there, finding the Parliament ftill proceed in their Faftiouf- 
 nefs : His Majefty thought fit to remove to the City of Tork, where 
 He continued for fome time, having Daily Meffages from the Parlia- 
 ment of England, who had then Declar’d Publickly what they had^ fo 
 long carried on Secretly : Seditious Pamphlets and Libels, were 
 Daily Printed and Publiflied' and fo War was Denounced by their 
 Exprefs Orders againft His Majefty. The Parliament having Money 
 and Ammunition, they foon got Men enough to take their Parts, and 
 what deluded many Honeft Men to Joyn them, was, that in all their 
 Declarations, their pretence of Railing an Army, was to defend the 
 
 Kingls, 
 
144 7he Bistort of 
 
 King’s Pei'fon, Parliament, and the Liberty, Religion, and Laws of the 
 Nation ; alledging that the King by the inftigation of Evil Counfel- 
 lors, had Raifed an Army of Papifts, by which He intended to Deftroy 
 the Parliament, and Introduce Popery. The Rebels appointed the Earl 
 of Ejfex their General, and the firft Step of the Rebellion was begun 
 by taking Pofleffion of the Magazine at Hu!f by Sir John Botham^ 
 and the Command of the Fleet was taken by force from Sir John Pen- 
 ningto?!, by the Earl of Warwick. The King went from York by Lin- 
 coln, to Beverly, and deiired Poffeffion of Hull, but was refufed by Sir 
 John Hotham, who Declared his Commiffion from the Parliament ; up- 
 on which the King went to Nottingham, and about Six a Clock in the 
 Afternoon the 2'^th of Augufl, 1(542. His Majefty’s Royal Standard 
 was fet Up, with little other Ceremony, then Beating of Drums, and 
 Sounding of Trumpets ; many Perfons obferved fome ill Prefages at 
 that time efpecially, what feem’d very Ominous : That the Standard 
 was Blown Down by a Tempeft of Wind , the fame Night it was fet 
 Up, and could not be fixed for two Days after, until the Tempeft was 
 allayed. All the Forces the King had at that Place, was only the 
 Train’d-Bands of the Shire, which the A<ftive Sheriff, Sir John Digby, 
 had drawn together, to Guard the King’s Perfon. After the King’s 
 Proclamation- was Ifl'ued, many of His Loyal Subjeds repair’d Daily 
 to His Majefty : But as the King was unwilling to Declare War a- 
 gainft His own Subjeifts, though they had entered into an Unnatural 
 Rebellion againft Him : His Majefty fent feveral Meflages to both 
 Houfes of Parliament to defire Peace ; but they received them with 
 Unheard Infolence and Contempt. 
 
 The King removed to Darby, and after a Day’s ftay there. He 
 brought His fmall Army to a Rendezvous at Wellington, within a Day’s 
 March of Shrewsbury ; His Majefty caufed His Millitary Orders for 
 the Difcipline and Government of the Army, to be Read at the Head 
 of every Regiment. And then (which fhould not be forgotten) putting 
 Himfelf in the Middle, where He might be beft Heard : Like the Em- 
 peror Trajan, who w'hen He made Sura Great Marefchal of the 
 Empire, gave Him a Sword ; faying, Receive this Sword from Me, and 
 if I Command as I ought. Employ it in My Defence ; if otberwife, draw 
 it againfi Me, and take my Life from Me. Thcfe Words with the 
 Declaration and Speeches His Majefty made at that time, did very 
 much Satisfie and Encourage, not only the fmall Army, but alfo the 
 Gentry and the Inhabitants of the feveral Places thereabouts, to 
 whom the King^s, Enemies had reprefented His Majefty’s Defigns, af- 
 ter a very ftrange Manner.) The 
 
SCOTLAND. 
 
 145 
 
 ? The King having thus formed an Army, the People of the Counties 
 i of Darby, Stafford and Shropjhire, Joyned His Majefty ; and He made 
 f the Earl of Lindfey His Lieutenant General, and Prince Rupert, (His 
 j Sifter's Son) General of the Horfe. 
 
 Upon the 9th of September, the Earl of Effex fet forth out of Londori, 
 with the Parliament-Army call'd the Round Heads, (fromaCuftom the 
 Puritans had of cutting their Hair ihort to their Ears.) And the King’s 
 party were call’d the Cavillers. The firft Aftion of any Note, was at 
 Worcejler by Prince Rupert, and His Brother Prince Maurice, where 
 they Routed a Body of the Rebels, and Kill’d moft of their beft Of- 
 ficers, and took many Prifoners : This Viftory was of confiderable Ad- 
 vantage to the King, as alfo it rendred the Name of Prince Rupert ter- 
 rible to the Rebels: The next Battle was the z^dofObiober ; the Bat- 
 tle of Edghill was Fought where the King had the Viftory, but loft 
 the Earl of Lindfey, the Lord Stewart, Son to the Earl of Lenox, and 
 Sir Edward Varney the Standard Bearer. The King afterwards went 
 to Brentford, from thence to Oxford, where His Majefty was received with 
 all the Demonftrations of Loyalty and Affeftion ; efpecially by the Uni- 
 -verfity, to whom the Fidelity and Integrity of that Place was Owing^ 
 All this time the Covenanters in Scotland were quiet, having given 
 the King (when in Scotland) all poflible Aflfurances of their Loyalty and 
 and Good Behaviour for the Future. And their Old General ZeyZjK, be- 
 ing then in Ireland, where he had Rooted out many of the Inhabitants of 
 the Province of Vlfier, and Planted it by the Covenanters, and Englijh 
 Proteftants ; This General, when the King had made him Earl of Z?- 
 ven. Swore Solem ily to His Majefty, not only never to bear Anns a-= 
 gainft Him,- but alfo, that he fhould Serve His Majefty upon any Call, 
 without asking the Caufe ; The Earls of Argyle and Lowden, having 
 made the like Promifes : Yet notwithftanding of all this, they were pre- 
 vailed on, by their Correfpondents in England, by the Bait of Religion, 
 to Violate all their Oaths and Promifes to the King,' and renew their 
 former Under-Hand Treachery, but did not think proper to Declare 
 their Defigns : The Duke of Hamilton who was Witnefs to moft of 
 their Proceedings, (but with no other Defign, than to acquaint the 
 King therewith, altho’ a certain Great Englifh-Author, has very Gtofs- 
 ly Mifreprefented his Aftions in General, and that of His ftay with the 
 Covenanters in particular,) and when he found that their Defigns were 
 againft the King’s Intereft, he went to His Majefty at Tork, and De- 
 clared all that had Paft, and defired of the King to Ira power him to 
 hinder the Covenanters, to keep any Correfpondence with the Rebels in 
 
 X X England^ 
 
14^ rheHnrO^Tof 
 
 England^ but the King was fo very well AjTured of their Promifes, that 
 He could not believe they would Joyn His Enemies upon any Account. 
 
 The General Aflembly finding their Godly Work carried on with fo 
 much Zeal by the Rebels in England, they thought proper to alfure 
 them by their Private Agents, that they were ready to Joyn with them 
 in the caufe of the Lord ; As they Term’d their Horrid Treafon a- 
 gainft the King. The Rebels in England made an Overture of all their 
 defigns to the Covenanters ; wherein they Declar’d to them-, that 
 their main Intention was to pluck up by the Root and Extirpate Pre- 
 lacy, the caufe of all their Calamity ; and becaufe that Government 
 was Offenfive and Burthenforae to the Nation, and a great Impediment 
 to the Reformation and Growth of Religion, they were therefore re- 
 folved to Abolifli it, and fettle fiich a Government as might be moil 
 agreeable to the Word of God, and moft apt to procure and prefer ve the 
 Peace of the Church at Home, and happy Union with the Church of 
 Scotland, and other Churches Abroad, and to Eftablifii the fame by a 
 Law ; which (fays they,) We intend to form for that Furpofe. This 
 Declaration of the Rebels in England, pleafed the Covenanters fo much, 
 that they promifed to Joyn their Hearts and Hands with them : Yet 
 the King was ftill very Confident of their Loyalty, altho’ they were 
 Playing their own Cards Under-Hand. 
 
 The Queen being in Holland, fent all poflible Affiftance to the King 
 of Arms and Ammunition, and feveral good Officers were fent by the 
 Prince of Orange to the King ; and about the Month of December, Her 
 Majefty came over in one of the States-Men of War, and Arrived fafe in 
 Burlington-Bay ; the Earl of Warwick fent his Vice-Admiral Batten, with 
 four Men of War to Intercept the Queen, and v/hen he had Notice 
 that the Queen was Landed, and Lodged in a Houfe on the Key^ 
 he brought the Ships as near as poffible, and Fired above two. hundred 
 Cannon, Loaded with Crofe Bar- Shot at the Houfe where Her Majefty 
 lay, it being then Early in the Morning, She was forced out of Bed, 
 (fome of the Shot having made way through Her Bed-Chamber,) and fly 
 out of the Town, and Shelter under a Bank in the open Fields ; ’tis not 
 to be doubted if they had taken the Queen dXSea, but that they would 
 have dertroyed Her Majefty : Yet the Parliament approved of all this 
 Barbarity, and what was moft Surprizing, they Impeached the Queen 
 of High-Treafon, for Affifting the King Her Husband with. Arms and 
 Ammunition againft them. The Queen was Conveyed to the King, by 
 one Sir Hugh Cholmondly, wfio had the Command of the Garifon of 
 Scarborongh from- the Parliament, but delivered it up to the. Queen, 
 
SCOTLAND 
 
 and the Command thereof was given him again by the King, all this 
 Winter and Spring tFiere were daily Skirmiflies, wherein the King’s 
 Ariny ftill had the Viftory. But the Rebels in England finding the 
 Covenanters very flow in Joyning thcin, were afraid they favoured the 
 King’s Intereft, whereupon they fent Terms for a Treaty and Celfation of 
 Arms to theKing, to which HisMajefty fliewed a Angular Inclination, 
 which Treaty lafled long, but ended without any Agreement ; for the 
 Parliament-terms were for entire Alterations in the Church, as alfoto 
 Abridge the King’s Priviledges. to which his Majefty could not confent. 
 But the Rebels indeed did not propofe any Agreement, but to have 
 time to work up their Confederates. The Covenanters tojoyn with 
 them in their inhumane Proceedings, which they had done by that 
 time moft Effeftually. 
 
 For the Covenanters fent to the King, as Commiflioner from the 
 Lords of the Secret-Council, the Earl of Lowden, and one Alexander 
 Henderfon a Preacher, (a Man very Famous for his Aftivity, in flow- 
 ing Sedition) as Commiflioner from the Generai-AlTembly, w'ith a 
 Petition to the King, demanding his Concurrence to Extirpate Epif- 
 copacy, and to EAablifli their Holy Form over the two Nations ; the 
 Petition which was moft unreafonable, was not fo great a Tefti- 
 mony of their Rebellious Defigns, as the Circumftances that attended 
 it, before it was delivered to the King at Oxford, it was fent to Lon- 
 don, and Printed and Difperfed with all poflible Induftry, to let 
 the Rebels in England fee how much they were. Engaged in the De- 
 ftruftion of the Church of England, and their Commiflioner Henderfon 
 told the King, that he had Letters, which were from three or four 
 of the Heads of the firft Rebellion in Scotland, directed to the moft 
 Aftive and Seditious Preachers about London ; notwithftanding of all 
 which, the King ufed Henderfon kindly, and returned fuch Anfwers 
 to their Petition, as might have fatisfyed any reafonable People, but 
 nothing could fatisfy them, unlefs the King would confent to all their 
 moft unreafonable demands.. 
 
 The King’s Army had Fought feveral Battles in England during 
 this time, but the Covenanters had not gotten any aifurance of the 
 EngUfh Rebels to joyn them, but had their Bargain in Agitation,, 
 and was managed by the moft Aftive Perfons, of both Nations, and 
 at laft they concluded their HelUlh Paftion,. by taking and Suhferibing, 
 their folemn League and Covenant, a Copy of which, I think pro- 
 per to Infert here, that Pofterity may judge, how far thofe. Rebels Aft- 
 ?d even againft what they Swore, and took the Sacred Name of God- 
 
 Almighty. 
 
548 ‘the HlSrO^r of 
 
 Almighty to Witnefs ; And altho’ they defigned to Extirpate Mo- 
 narchy as well as Epifcopacy, yet they deluded the People, pretending 
 Profound Loyalty and Refpedt to the King, as in the Article of 
 their Covenant, they promife to Preferve and Defend the King’s Ma- 
 jelly, Perfon and Authority which clearly, proves their bafe Hypocrilie 
 and Deceit. The Exaft Copy of the Covenant is as follows. 
 
 A Solemn League and Covenant for Reformation, and Defence of Religion, 
 the Honour and Happmfs of the King ; and the Peace and Safety c/ the 
 three Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland. 
 
 W E Noblemen, Barons, Knights, Gentlemen, Citizens, Burgeffes, Mi- 
 nifters of the Gofpel, and Commons of all forts in the Kingdom 
 of England, Scotland and Ireland, by the Providence of God, living 
 under one King, and being of one Reform’d Religion, having before 
 our Eyes the Glory of God, and the Advancement of the Kingdom 
 of olir Lord and Saviour jefus Chrift, the Honour and Happinefs of 
 the King’s Majefty and his Pofterity, and the true Publick Liberty, 
 Safety and Peace of the Kingdoms, wherein every ones private Condi- 
 tion is Included ; and calling to mind the Treacherous and Bloody 
 Plots, Confpiracies, Attempts, and Praftices of the Enemies of God, 
 againft the true Religion, and ProfelTors thereof in all Places, efpeci- 
 ally in thefe Three Kingdoms, ever fince the Reformation of Religion, 
 and how much their Rage, Powef and Prefhmption are of late, and 
 at this time Encreaftd snd Exercifed (whereof the Deplorable 
 Eftate of the Church and Kingdoiti of Ireland, the Diilrelfed Eftate of 
 the Church and Kingdom of England, and the dangerous Eftate of the 
 Church and Kingdom of Scotland, are Prefent and Publick Teftimonies.) 
 We have now atlaft (after other means of Supplication, Remonftrance, 
 Proteftation, and Sufferings) for the prefervation of our Selves, and our 
 Religion, from utter Ruin and Deftruftion, according to the commen- 
 dable praftice of thefe Kingdoms in former times, and the Example of 
 God’s People in other Nations after mature deliberation, refolv’d and 
 determin’d to enter into a Mutual, and Solemn League and Covenant, 
 wherein we all Subferibe, and each one of us for himfelf, with our 
 Hands lifted up to the moft High God, do Swear. 
 
 ift. that we fhall Sincerely, Really and Conftantly, through the Grace of 
 'Cod, endeavour in our fever al Places and Callings, th Prefervation of the 
 Reform'd Religion in the Church of Scotland, in DoHrine, Worfoip, Dif- 
 cipline, and Government, againjl our common Enemies, the Reformation of 
 
 Religion 
 
s 
 
 GOTLAND 
 
 Religion in the Kingdoms of England and Ireland. In BoBrine^ Wbr- 
 Jhip, DifcipUne and Governments according to the Word of God, and the 
 Example of the befl Reform’d Churches , and we Jhall endeavour to bring 
 the Churches of God in the three KingdomSs to the nearef ConjunBion 
 and Uniformity in Religion, ConfeJJion of Faith, Form of Church -Govern- 
 ment, DireBory for Worjhip and Catechifing ; that we and our Pojferity 
 after us, may as Brethren, live in Faith and Love, and the Lord may delight 
 to dwell in the midfl of us. 
 
 2d. That we JhaU in like manner without refpeB of Perfons, endeavour 
 the extirpation of Popery, Prelacy {that is of Church-Government, by Arch- 
 Bijhops, Bijhops, their Chancellors and Commijfaries, Beaus and Chap- 
 ters, Arch-Beacons, and aU other EccleftaJHcal Officers, depending on 
 that Hierarchy) Superfiition, Herefy, Schifm, Prophanefs, and whatfoever 
 Jhall be found to be contrary to found BoBrine, and the Power ofGodlinefs, 
 lefi we partake in other Mens Sins, and thereby be in danger to receive 
 of their Plagues ; and that the Lord may be one, and his Name one in 
 the Three Kingdoms. 
 
 3d. We Jhall with the fame Sincerity, Reality and Conjtancy, in our 
 fever al Vocations, endeavour with our Efiates and Lives, mutually to pre- 
 ferve the Rights and Priviledges of the Parliaments, and the Liberties 
 of the Kingdoms, and to Preferve and Befend the King’s Majejly’s Perfon 
 and Authority, in the Prefervation and Befence of the true Religion and 
 Liberties of the Kingdoms ; that the World may bear witnefs, with our 
 Confciences, of our Loyalty, and that we have no thoughts or intention to 
 diminijh his Majejiy’s juji Power and Greatnefs. 
 
 4th. We Jhall alfo, with all Faithfuln'efs, endeavour the Bifeovery of all 
 fuch as have been, or Jhall be Incendiaries, Malignants, or evil Inftruments, 
 by hindering the Reformation of Religion, dividing the King from his Peo- 
 ple, one of the Kingdoms from another, or making any Factions or Parties 
 I among the People contrary to this League and Covenant, or that they may be 
 I brought to Publick Tryal, and receive Condign Punijhment, as the degree of 
 I their Offences fhall require or deferve,or the Supreme Judicatories of both 
 I Kingdoms refpeBively, or others having Power from them for that effeB 
 I JhaU judge Convenient. 
 
 I 5thL And whereas the Happinefs of a Bleffed Peace between thefe King- 
 I doms, denied in former times to our Progenitors, is by the good Providence 
 I -of God granted unto us, and hath bee?i lately Concluded, and Settled by both 
 I Parliaments. We JhaU each one of us, according to our Places and Interejf, 
 
 I endeavour, that they may remain conjoyned in a Jirm Peace and Union to 
 
 Y y *11 
 
tio ne Hisroj^rof 
 
 all Pofierity^and that Juftice may be done upon the wilful Oppofers thereof 
 in manner exprejfed in the, Preceedin^ Articles. 
 
 6th, We Jhall alfo according to our Places and Callings in this common 
 Caufe of Religion, Liberty and Peace of the Kingdoms, ajfifl and defend 
 all thofe that enter into this League and Covenant, in the maintaining and 
 purfuing thereof, and (hall not fuffer our felves direhlly or indireBly, by what- 
 foever Combination, Perfwafton or Terror, to be divided, and. withdrawn 
 from this bleffed Vnion and ConjunBion, whether to make defeBion to the 
 contrary Part, or to give our felves to- a deteftable indifference of Neutra- 
 lity in this caufe, which fo much concerneth the Glory of God, the Good of 
 the Kingdoms, and the Honour of the King ; but Jhall all the Days of our 
 Lives, Zealoujly and Conftantly continue therein againfi all Oppofition, and 
 promote the fame according to our Power, againfl all Letts and Impedi- 
 ments whatfoever, and what we are not able our felves to fupprefs, or 
 overcome, we Jhall reveal and make known, that it may be timely prevented 
 or remov'd ; all which we Jhall do as in the fight of God. 
 
 A?id becaufe thefe Kingdoms are guilty of many Sins and Provocations , 
 againji God, and his Son Jefus Chriji, as is to, manifeji by our prefent 
 Dijirejfes and Dangers, the Fruits whereof we profefs and declare, before 
 God and the World, our unfeigned defire to be humbled for our own Sins, 
 and for the Sins of thefe Kingdoms, efpecially that we have not, as we 
 ought. Valued the Ineftimable Benefit of the Gofpel, that we have not labour'd 
 for the Purity, and Power thereof ; and that we have not endeavoured to • 
 receive Chriji in our Hearts, nor to walk worthy of Him in our Lives, 
 which are the caufes of other Sins and Tranfgrefiions, fo much abounding 
 amongji us, and our true and unfeigned Purpofe, defire and endeavour for 
 our felves, and all others under our Power and Charge, both in Publick 
 and in Private, in all Duties we. owe to God and Man, to amend our Lives, 
 and each one to go before another, in the example of real Reformation, that 
 the Lord may turn away his Wrath and heavy Indignation, and ejiablijh 
 thefe Churches and Kingdoms in Truth and Peace ; And this Covenant we 
 make in the prefence of Almighty God, the Searcher of all Hearts, with 
 a true Intention to perform the fame, as we. Jhall Anfwer at that Great 
 Day, when the Secrets of all Hearts Jhall be Dijclofed ; moft humbly be- 
 feeching the Lord to firengthen us by his Holy Spirit, for this end, and 
 to blefs our De fires and Proceedings, withfuch Succefs, as may be aDdi-\ 
 verance and Safety to his People, and Encouragement to other Chrifiian-l 
 Churches, groaning under, or. in danger of the Toke of Anti-Chrijiian Ty-\ 
 ranny,. to joyn in the fame, or like Ajfociation and Covenant, to the Glory 
 of God, the Enlargement of the Kingdom of Jefus Chriji, and the Peace 
 ^nd Tranquility Chriji ian-Klngdoms and Common-Wealths. . As i 
 
SCOTLAND. 151 
 
 As footi as this Covenant was taken by the Rebels in England, the. 
 Heads of them gave Special Orders, that all the Minifters of Parilh- 
 Ghurches, within London and Weftminfler, and as far as their Power 
 Extended fhould, (on a Faft*Day appointed by them for that purpofe) 
 Read and Explain the faid Covenant, to their feveral Congregations, 
 and ufe all poffible means to Encourage them to take it. The Rebels 
 in England, to Encourage the Covenanters, not only took their Cove- 
 nant, but alfo obliged themfelves to advance one Hundred Thoufand 
 Pounds to them, before they (hould dir from Edinburgh ; they found 
 great Difficulty to raife this Sume, but at laft prevailed with the 
 Giddy People to Contribute to advance it ; Whereupon our Covenan- 
 ters refolved to raife an Army and enter England, to Joyn their Con- 
 foderates, and called over their Old General Le/ly from Ireland, who 
 notwithftanding of all his Solemn Oaths and Promifes to the Ring, 
 Accepted of the Commiffion, to Adt as General againft his Majefty ; but 
 before the Covenanters could get matters brought to pafs to their fa- 
 tisfadtion, they contrary to the Laws of the Nation, without the 
 King’s Confent, called a Parliament, but many of the King’s Friends, 
 among whom were the Earls of Montrofs, Airly, and many others 
 declared againft the Illegality of their meeting in Parliament, but they 
 Proceeded and Iflued their Proclamations, in the King’s Name, for a 
 General Rendezvous, of all the Men in the Nation, from Sixteen to 
 Sixty Years of Age. The Duke of Hamilton, having taken Notice of 
 all that paft, but becaufe he had notOppofed their Proceedings, as he 
 was defired by fome of the King’s Friends, but liftned to the Advice 
 of his Brother the Earl oi Lanerick, (who indeed was too much in 
 the Covenanters Intereft, and had too great Influence over the Duke his 
 Brother) the Earlof Montrofs, who firft deferted the Covenanters, andwent 
 to the King to Oxford, again Accufed the Duke of being too favou- 
 rable to the King’s Enemies; and when the Duke, with his Brother 
 ■ Lanerick came to Oxford, were Confin’d to their Lodgings, but 
 Lanerick (who had advifed , the Duke to any thing, which could be 
 Gonftrufted againft the King’s Intereft) made his Efcape, and left the 
 Duke to bear all the blame, altho’ Innocent, and by the King’s Orders • 
 he was fent Prifoner firft: to Brifiol, and then to Pendinis's Caftle in 
 Cornwell. 
 
 The Covenanters being now Married with the Rebels in England, by 
 the . Solemn League and Covenant, they Publiffied their Declarations in 
 the Name, of both Nations, and as they made ufe of the King’s Au- 
 thority to all their Rebellious Proceedings, they Ukewife .took the Sa- 
 cred 
 
The HISTORY of 
 
 cred Narme of God to Witnefs^, alj their Impieties, and made ufe of 
 an outward Protence of Reforming Religion to paliate their raoft Hor- 
 rid and Irreligious A&ions. Thus the Rebels in both Nations cheated 
 the Ignorant People out of their Lives, by the Bait of Pretended Re- 
 ligion, for in their Declarations and Sermons, which as they Alledged, 
 they fpoke by the Infpiration .of the Spirit (for the Covtnamers and 
 Englijh Rebels mutually affefted one another's Dialed, as well as Pre- 
 tended Religion) they Declared that now they faw the Light of tlie 
 Gofpel fliine clearly amongft them, that their Confidence was not in 
 their own Strength, but in the Lord of Hofts, whofe Caufe they were 
 maintaining, and that all the Profped they had before their Eyes, was 
 the Exaltation of the Kingdom of Jefus, and the Extirpation of An- 
 tichriftian-Prelacy. 
 
 in Jarkayy 1643 the Covenanters entered England, and were Joyned 
 by a Body of Horfe and Foot of the EugUJh Rebels, Commanded by 
 the Earl of Mane heft er. The King who was at Oxford, being Surprized 
 at the News of their March, fent the Marquefs of New-Caftle againft 
 them with a fmall Army, but that Army being Defeated, as Selby, by 
 Sir Thomas Fairfax, were obliged to return, which gave the Covenanters 
 leave to Advance. 
 
 The Earl of Montrofs, who was with the King at Oxford, procured 
 the King’s Commi-ffion to Ad as General, and was then Created Mar- 
 quefs ; as alfo the Earl of Antrim in Ireland, who was then alfo with 
 the King, was then Created Marquefs, and Promifed to raife Men in 
 Ireland, and to fend them over to Scotland, to Joyn Montrofs, as foon as 
 he could Arrive in Scotland, the Marquefs of Montrofs left Oxford, with 
 his two Truft-y Friends, the Lord Ogilvie, Son to the Earl of Airly, 
 and Sir William Mollo, and having paft the Covenanters Camp in Dif- 
 guife, went to Annandale, where he Trufted himfelf to a Gentleman 
 of his Name, who Conveyed him fafe to P erth-Shir e,Vihxro he flayed fome 
 Days, and had Notice of the Landing of 1500 Irijh fent by the Marquefs 
 of Antrim, Commanded by one Alexander Macdonald (a Highlander by 
 Birth, commonly called in Ireland Culkittoch) a Man very much Famed for 
 his Great Loyalty to the King, as alfo for his Great Courage and 
 good Condud. Montrofs having notify’d his Commiifion from the King 
 to the Macdonalds, and the other Clans, they very fpeedily raifed a 
 fmall Army, the Irijh no fooner Joyned them, then they were obliged 
 to Fight thrice their Number of the Covenanters, Commanded by the 
 Lord Elcho and Sir fames Scot, at Tippermuir near Perth, where the 
 Marquefs of Montrofs^ with his few Highlanders, and the Brave Irijh, 
 
 Totally 
 
S C O T L, A N D. 
 
 15^ 
 
 Totally Routed the Covenanters, There were about 2000 Slain, and as 
 many taken Prifoners; this firft Vittory made him Mafter of the Town 
 of- Perth ; He had not long flay’d there, when he had Notice of the Mar- 
 quefs of Argyle's Approach, with a Great Number of the Covenanters ; 
 whereupon he March’d towards Aberdeen^ and at the Bridge of Dee he 
 Fought -and Defeated the Covenanters Army, Commanded by the Lord 
 Purletgh. 
 
 After this Viftory, he went about many of the Northern-Parts, and 
 brought them under Subjeftion, notwithftanding of all the Hardihip 
 be Endured, (it being then in the Cold Winter) he never gave over his 
 Enterprize, but went over all the Highlands, and to Argyle-jhire, v.'here 
 he took many of the Marquefs’/ Friends Prifoners, until they Ranfomed 
 themfelves with Sums of Money, which he Diftributed among his Sob 
 diets. He returned over Lochaber, and heard that the Marquefs of Ar- 
 gyle was Coming againft him, with a Great Army ; he refolved to 
 Fight him, which he did, and Routed and Slew many of them near In^ 
 vernefs : The Marquefs of Argyle having Fled himfelf, at the firft En- 
 gagement, was hard Purfued by fome of Montrofs's Soldiers, but Efca- 
 ped, and lent one Major Hurry with another Body of the Covenanters 
 againft Montrofs, but they were alfo entirely Routed at Aldern. The 
 Covenanters being very much Weakned, could not for fome time Raife 
 an Army, but the Lord Lindfey, who was the next Ringleader of the 
 Covenanters to Argyle, Raifed fome Forces, and being Joyn’d by one 
 Colonel Baily-, they were alfo Routed by Montrofs at Alford. 
 
 The next Victory Montrofs obtained was at Kilfyth, on the i^th of 
 Augufl, 1645. which was a Fatal Battle to the Covenanters, for they 
 loft Six Thoufand on the Spot, among which were many of their beft 
 Offiesrs ; The Marquefs of Argyle made his Efcape, and put to Sea in 
 a fmall Veffel. In this Battle the Earl of Airly, with the Ogilvy's of 
 of his Name Fought bravely, and Slew above thrice their Number of 
 the Covenanters. This great Viftory made many, who had Rifen in 
 Arms with the Covenanters renounce them, and openly Avow their Al- 
 legiance to the King, and many ^who were Raifing Forces, Disbanded 
 them ; and all the Nobility of the Nation, except the Marquefs of Ar- 
 gyle fubmitted to the Marquefs of Montrofs, as the King’s Vice-gerent 
 in Scotland ; he having the whole Kingdom thus under his Command, 
 Releafed all the Prifoners who had been taken and Confined by the Co- 
 venanters, in feveral Places of the Kingdom ; whilft the Marquefs had 
 Subdued the whole Kingdom : Yet fome of thofe who had fub- 
 mitted to him only, did lb, to have the better Opportunity to betray 
 
 Z z him ; 
 
154 ‘ The Hist 0^^ of 
 
 him ; they fent fecret Intelligence to General Le[ly^ who was with the 
 Covenanters then in England, Joyn'd to the Rebels of that Nation ; He. 
 having Fought feveral Battles by that time, and had begun to get the 
 better of the King’s Army, which had feveral times Worfted Englijh 
 Rebels. Lefly came very quietly with 6000 Horfe, and what gave him 
 the better opportunity to Surprize Montrofs, was ? The King had fent 
 Notice to Montrofs to March Southwards, and that His Majefty would. 
 Joyn him, with fome of his Englijh Army (who were in a Profperous 
 Condition, when the King fent that Notice, but the Rebels having, 
 obtain’d feveral Viftories, difappointed His Majefty’s Hopes. And thofe t 
 who had fent fecretly to Lefly, when they knew he was upon his 
 March, deceived Montrofs, by perfwading him to believe, that Le/ly's ■ 
 Army was the King’s Reinforcement, which he believed^ until they ■ I 
 were within a Day’s March of him ; whereupon thofe of the Covenan- 1 
 
 ters, who had pretended to fubmit and Joyn Montrofs, Deferted him,,. > 
 and Joyned Lefly, who came Montrofs unawares at Philliphaugh, ! 
 and over-powered his fmall Army, but yet Lefly' s Viftory was not fo 
 very Compleat, for Montrofs carried off the. Royal-Standard, and all his 
 Standards and Enligns, and all thofe. who efcapcd at this Battle, he 
 March’d to the Highlands, and began to Raife more Forces for the King’s | 
 
 Service, which he did with good Suecefs, until he, received the King’s , i 
 Orders to Disband his Army. ' 
 
 About this time Cromwel and Fairfax, having obtained feveral Vifto-- 
 ries over the King’s Army in E?igland ; His.Majefty’s Friends were very , 
 much Difcouraged, and fbveral Treaties for Peace (Efpecially at Vx~ 
 bridge) having been flighted by the Rebels : The Queen having by the 
 King’s Advice retired to France, as alfo the Prince of Wales, and Duke, 
 of Fork, who was carried off in Woman’s-Apparel, were both gone to 
 France to the Queen, where they were Royally Entertained. The Rebels 
 in England, and the Covenanters,, having, obtained feveral Viftories over 
 the King’s Army, His Majefty was refolved to go into Scotland, to Joyn 
 Montrofs, but was diverted from that by his Lofs at Philliphaugh. . But 
 Montrofs, as I faid before, begun to Recruit his Army, but the King 
 finding no Poflibility to bring the Rebels. in England to any reafonable, 
 Terms of Peace, and finding His Army Daily Worfted by Cromwel and.^ 
 Fairfax, having, no hopes- of an Army to keep the Field. His Maje-,- 
 fty, firft enter’d into a Treaty with the Independants^ but -to no purpofb ; 
 and afterwards witfi tht Covenanters in. t\sat Txtaty, Monfieur Montrevil,. 
 the French -Refident, was very much to Blame ; he having taken upon 
 him to -Treat with the Covmmtex King’s Narne..: He,Tranf-. 
 
 grefled . 
 
SCOTLAND 
 
 g^-cffed both in his Commiffion from the King, and alfo in his Anfwers 
 from the Covenanters^ to the King. He Condefcended to feveral un- 
 reafonable Demands of the Covenanters, without the King’s Commiffion, 
 and alfo returned Anfwers to the King, which the Covenanters had not 
 agreed to. 
 
 The King left Oxford very Early the I'jth of April, i6t\6. and took 
 wdth him only two Perfons, who were John Afoburnham, and one Hudfon 
 a Divine, and came privately to the Covenanters Camp, where they lay 
 before Newark, and went ftraight to Lejly their General, who feemed- 
 very much Surprized at the fight of the King, He pretended to 
 fhew all due Refpeft to His Maiefty, but did not- look upon Him, as if 
 he had any Dependance on His Majefty, nor did he ask the King’s Ad-, 
 vice, nor Orders in any thing concerning the Army *. But at firft fent^ 
 Notice to the Rebels in the pretended Parliament, of the King’s beingf 
 in His Army, and afterwards forbid Montrevil the French Refident, to» 
 have any Conference with the King, as alfo AJhburnham and Hudfon, . 
 Lejly began to conlider, that while the Marquefs of Montrofs had an 
 Army, they were in Danger ; therefore when the King propofed terms 
 of Agreement to Lejly, his Anfwer was, That whilft the Marquefs of 
 Montrofs was in Arms, they would not Treat with His Majefty, and- 
 this Perjur’d Traytor Lejly, prefs’d the King, to fend Orders to the. 
 Marquefs to Disband, as the only means to be fure of the AfFeftion and- 
 Affiftance of the Army where he. then was.. The King was at firft very- 
 unwilling, but at laft was prevail’d upon, and fent Orders to.theMar-- 
 quefs to Disband His Army, but Montrofs knowing the Deceit and- 
 Treachery of the Covenanters, returned an Anfwer to His Majefty’s 
 Orders, fignifying the Pernicious Confequences of his fo eafy Complk 
 ance, with the Advice of his Enemies; but the King who was too eafily 
 Advifed by the Traytor Lejly, fent His fecond Orders^ not only that 
 the Marquefs of Montrofs ffiould Disband his Army, but -alfo Com-r 
 manded himfelf out of the .Kingdom, which he Complied with, tho’ 
 with very great Reluftancy, as forefeeing the King’s Fate. The King 
 alfo, at thedefire of .the Covenanters, Surrendred the Garrifon of New- 
 ark, as. alfo Oxford. 
 
 The Englijh Kthds fent Meflengers to the Scots, to know why they 
 detained the King of Englafid in their Camp, and defired them, to de- 
 liver Him Up ; but at firft they denyed to Deliver His Majefty Up. to 
 them, pretending (as. they really ought to have done) that they did not 
 Keep, nor Confine His Majefty, but that as He was their Lawful and 
 Native King, and that the Crown, of England, no morQ.thm the 
 
 Legacy , 
 
i5« the HIST' 0^' of 
 
 Legacy of a Relation to the King’s Father. That the People of Eng- 
 lard had no Right to defire His Majefty to leave His Native Subjefts, 
 to go to them, who were no more than Strangers to Him. That if 
 His Majefty’s Birth gave Him a Right to their Crown, He might Re- 
 nounce it at His Pleafure, but the Englijh Rebels, Replyed to them^ 
 that they were only call’d to Aflifi; the Parliament of England^ but not 
 to Aft by themfelves ? Adding, that if the King were then in Scotland., 
 as H« was in England, they would not Prefume to keep Him from His 
 Subjefts there, as the Scots did in England. The Scots told them, that 
 they did not defign to detain His Majefty, but only defired to fee a 
 well-fettled Peace between His Majefty, and the two Houfes of Parlia- 
 ment of England. The Englijh fent another Meflage, defiring the Scots 
 to return Home, for the Parliament had no further Service for them ; 
 thanking them with all, for the Service they had done : The Covenan- 
 ters replyed, that they came not to England without the Parliament's 
 Call, and the Terms upon which they were Invited thither, were not 
 fulfill’d by the Parliament ; their Army wanting almoft 500, cool, of 
 their Arrears ; that upon Receipt of it, they would go Home. At laft 
 it was Agreed, that the Covenanters lliould have 200, coo/, in Hand, 
 and the reft at a Day agreed on by them, and that they ftiould draw 
 their Army out oi England. As for the King’s Perfon, the Englijh Pro- 
 mifed with .many Solemn Oaths, that He ihould be Received and Kept 
 by them, with all Honour and Refpeft, Due to His Majefty, and that 
 nothing Ihould be Tranfafted in England without Advice and Confent 
 of the Scots. Thus were they befool’d by Perfideous Rebels, which 
 brought a great Reproach upon them, and their Pofterity thought it 
 to be Falfe ; that the Englijh fay, that the Scots fold the King : Yet 
 ’tis a fad truth, that His Majefty then told them, that the Englijh would 
 ftand no longer to their Agreement, then they thought it for their 
 ■own Intereft. This was the bafe Agreement, which gave Occafion to 
 the Scandalous By-word ; Falje Scot, Sold thy King for a Groat: Which 
 Refiedbon, I think may be lay’d afide by the Pofterity of the Englijh 
 Betrayers and Murders of the King, contrary to their Agreement and 
 Promife. lam very far from juftifying my Rebellious Country-Men 
 the Covenanters, who certainly were Secret to all the Tranfaftions of the 
 Rebels in England till then ; but I am Confident they never Defigned, 
 nor would Confent to the King’s Murder, as is Clear from their Be- 
 haviour, after the time the King was Confin’d in the Ifle of Wight. To 
 return to the King, who was Received by the Englijh from the Covt- 
 nanterS) and carried to Holmby^ where they Deprived His Majefty of 
 
SCOTLAND. in 
 
 His Servants and Chaplains, and inftead of them, appointed fuch as they 
 thought fit to Attend His Majefty. 
 
 Jme the 3^, i< 547 . the Rebels fent one Joyce (a common Fellow, 
 .and a Taylor by Trade formerly, but then a Cornet of Horfe) with 50 
 Horfe to Holmby, where the King was, and entering His Bed-Chamber 
 before Break of Day, with their Piftols in their Hands, forced the 
 King out of Bed, and without any Refpeft to His Majefty’s Perfbn, Car- 
 ried Him to New- Market ; where He found Himfelf in the mid ft of 
 the Army ; The Army permitted the King’s Chaplains and Servants 
 to attend Him, and they pretended Great Refpeft to His Ma'efty, which 
 w^as only with View of Leftening the Parliament’s Intereft, andEncrea 
 fing their own. The King being Carried from Place to Place, accord- 
 ing to the Motion of the Army, for fome time was fent to Hampton- 
 Court, where His Majefty had leave to fee His Children, the Duke of 
 Gloucefior, and the Lady Elizabeth. 
 
 The Covenanters fent their Commiftioners to the Englifij Rebels, to 
 know why the King was Confined in their Army, but having got very 
 harfh Anfwers, they went to the King, and took opportunity to apply 
 to the TVIarquefs of Ormond, and the Lord Capell, to beg leave of the 
 King, to Reprefent their Defigns to His Majefty ; they with very great 
 Confidence offered to Vindicate themfelves, for their giving Up Flis 
 Majefty, and offer’d to Engage themfelves, to defend His Royal Autho- 
 rity, altho’ they hitherto had Joyn’d their Power to deftroy it, but 
 no doubt they repented of their Bafenefs and Folly, but ’twas too 
 late. The King forefeeing what was like to come to pafs, by the Be- 
 haviour of the Infolent Officers of the Army. He made His Efcape 
 from Hampton-Court the iith of November, 1647. Having left two 
 Letters, Written with His own Hand, one to the Parliament, and ano- 
 ther to the General ; wherein His Majefty Declar’d, that He was Ap- 
 prehenfive, that fome Defperate Perfons had a defign to Affaflinate Him, 
 and that He was removed to conceal Himfelf, until the Parliament 
 had Agreed upon fuch Propofitions, as fhould be fit for Him to Con- 
 fent to : That He would then willingly Appear, and Confent to any 
 Thing that could Contribute to the Peace of the Nation, and Happinefs 
 of the People. The King Attended by Sir JohnBerkely, Mr. Ajhburnham, 
 and oneZeg,went toEitch-Field,to the Dowager of North-Hamp- 
 
 ton, who received His Majefty with all Marks of Fidelity and Sincerity ; 
 But having fent Ajhburnham to provide a Ship, His Majefty was by the 
 faid Ajhburnham's Treachery Betrayed, and Delivered Up to Hammond, 
 Governor of the Ifle of Wight, who Carried the King from Tit ch -Field 
 to Carisbrook Caftle in the Ifle of 'Wight. 
 
 A a a 
 
 Here 
 
1^8 TheHlSTO^Tof 
 
 Here the King was Betrayed by His Servant, who had Promifed and 
 Sworn Fidelity to His Majefty ; yet certain Englijh Authors muft of- 
 fer to Excufe AJhburnham^ and give his Treachery the milder Term of 
 bad Conduft ; which indeed Treachery very well may be Termed, if they 
 would compare Eternity with Time. 
 
 If the Scots -Covenanters Betrayed and Sold the King, they were not 
 fo much to Blame ; for their being in Arms againft the King, Declared 
 them His Avowed Enemies : His Majefty ought not to have Trufted 
 them fo far, either with His Perfon^ or to have been Advifed fo far to 
 His Deftruftion, to compel his Faithful General the Marquefs of Mou- 
 trofs and his Loyal Army, who were willing to lofe their Lives and 
 Fortunes for His Majefty, to lay down their Arms and Disband ; for if 
 they had not been Disbanded, the Englijh Rebels durft not have Ven- 
 tured to Try, nor Murder the King. But I ask my Impartial Reader, 
 who Advifed the King to go into the Covenanters, was there any falfe 
 Scots-Man with His Majefty, or was it the falfe Scots, who Promifed 
 to thofe Covenanters, the King Ihould be Safe and Royally Entertain’d, 
 or was it the falfe Scots, who after the King had Efcaped from thofe 
 Inhufnane Rebels, among whom His Majefty fear’d being Aflaffinated, 
 who inftead of providing a Ship for His Majefty, or Place of Safety, de- 
 liver’d Him Up to a Secure Prifon, from which He could not Efcape ; 
 and yet behold the Odium of all the vile Treachery of the Englijh, muft 
 be thrown on the Scots. But let us proceed, and with all due regard 
 to the Memory of this moft Pious Monarch, Profecute the Proceedings 
 of the Inhumane Englijh Rebels, who firfl; Plotted and Contrived the 
 Rebellion, and after drawing in a Number of the Giddieft Biggots of 
 the Scots by the Bait of Religion, they made Tools of them, to Ac- 
 complilh their Bafe and Barbarous Defigns. 
 
 The King was brought to Carisbrook-Cajile by Colonel Hammond, who 
 immediately fent Notice to the Army (who then Commanded the Par- 
 liament) that he had the King Prifoner ; Cromwel and Irton, as foori as 
 they had News of the King’s being Secured, had a Meeting at Windjor^ 
 where they Confulted the King’s Deftruftion, and forthwith fent Com- 
 miflioners to His Majefty, to Propofe fuch Terms, as they well knew 
 He would not Confent to, and after Receiving His Majefty’s Anfwer, 
 which they Termed Unfatisfaftory ; they ordered that none ftiould any 
 more Addrefs the King, and fo Proceeded to Settle the Government ac- 
 cording to their Pleafure. 
 
 The Covenanters feeing the bad Confequences of their Bafenefs, in 
 giving up the King to the Englijh., they Protefted againft their Pro- 
 ceedings, 
 
SCOTLAND. 
 
 ceedings, declaring they Violated their Oaths and Solemn Promifes, 
 according to the Articles of their Covenant, but finding their protefta- 
 tion flighted by the Etiglijh Rebels, they found means to Treat Pri- 
 vately with the King in the Ifle of Wight, and gave- Him New Aflu- 
 rances of their Readinefs, to Engage for the Safety of His Majefty’s Per- 
 fon and Authority ; and at the fame time. Imputing all they had done 
 againft Him, to the Malice and Power of the Marquefs of Argyle ; they 
 Propofed to Raife an Army, and that the Marquefs of Ormond might 
 make the like Preparations in Ireland, that they might be ready at 
 the fame time to Rife, and they defired the Prince of Wales might 
 couie over and Head their Army, but the King was not willing the 
 Prince fliould come into the Kingdom. 
 
 The Duke of Hamilton who was fent to Pendinis-CaJIle, Prifoner, and 
 was Releafed by the Rebels, had Retired to his Palace of Hamilton (fome 
 Days before the King was delivered Up by the Covenanters) where he 
 lived without meddling withr any Party ; yet did not fail to take every 
 opportunity, to Teftify his ftedfaft Loyalty to the King ; The King 
 being then Convinced, that the Duke had unjuflly Suffered under His 
 Difpleafure ; and the Covenanters mention’d the Duke to the King, as 
 a fit Perfon to Head their Army ; The Earl of Lanerick the Duke’s 
 Brother, and the Earl of Lauderdale being then with the King in the 
 ifle Wight, as Commiffioners from the Scots, HisMajefty feem’d Pleafed 
 with their Propofitions, and Confented to -many things propofed by 
 them for the Peace of His People. This Treaty being Concluded the 
 26th of December, they Promifed in the Name of their Party, to Ha- 
 zard their Lives and Fortunes, for the Safety and Security of His Ma- 
 jefty’s Perfon and Authority. 
 
 The Rebels in both Nations, being Diftinguiflied by the Names of 
 Presbyterians and Independants ; by the Former, was known the Cove- 
 nanted Scots and Efiglijh, depending on the Houfes of Parliament ; the 
 Latter, the Army Commanded by Crmwel and Irton, whofe Power 
 prevail’d againft the Former. The Repenting Covenanters now Repre- 
 fented to the Parliament in Scotland, how the Englijh Rebels had Vio- 
 lated the Laws of the Nations, by their Perfideous Breach and Contempt 
 of the Solemn League and Covenant, and Declar’d how far they were 
 Bound and obliged to Engage their Lives and Fortunes, to Preferve the 
 King’s Perfon and their own Liberty, which the People of Englajid 
 feem’d to Deftroy, and defired the Parliament, might with all Polfible 
 Expedition, Raife an Army to Enter England, Affuring them, t- t all 
 the People of that Nation would Joyn them, except thofe wl - ere 
 
i«o The H I S T 0 of 
 
 Joyned with the Army. Thefe Reprefentations being very well received, 
 was Seconded by the Principal Perfons of the Nation, except the Mar 
 quefs of Argyle and his Party, who kept ftill a Private Correfpondence 
 with Cronnvel and Irton ; but finding he could not openly oppofe them, 
 he ftudied to Contrive their Deftruftion by Secret Treachery, and feem’d 
 very forward to Raife the Army. The Duke of Hamilton was made 
 General, and Lefly^ Earl of Leven, their old General, was made Major- 
 General, and they Invited to their Affiftance from England^ Sir Marrne- 
 duke Langdale, and Sir Philip Mufgrave, two Gentlemen of Great Eftates 
 and Intercft in the North of England ; and when thofe Gentlemen had 
 been fomc time in Edinburgh, Argyle being Seconded by the Earls of Lau- 
 derdale and Lowden, began' to make a Party againft the Duke of HamiL 
 ton, and flopped his March with the Army, until they would fend Lau- 
 derdale to France to the Prince, which they did ; But the Duke gave 
 orders to Sir Marmeduke Langdale, and Sir Philip Mufgrave, to March 
 to the Borders, and to Surprize Carlifle and Berwick, which they both 
 did with very Great Courage and Conduft : The Duke after that, or- 
 dered Sir George Monro of Fowlis, to be ready with the Forces, which 
 he had Raifed in the North of Scotland, and the Forces which had come 
 over from Ireland. The Duke met with many Interruptions from the 
 Marquefs of Argyle and his Party, but hearing, that many People in 
 Kent, and feveral Places in England, were in ) Arms to Serve the King, 
 and that the Lord Byron who was Landed from France in North-Wales, 
 had gotten Pofleflion of Anglify, by the help of one Colonel Robinfon ; 
 They were afraid the King would be Reflored without their help, there- 
 fore they Confented, that the Duke of Hamilton fliou. d March with his 
 Army. About the middle of July, the Duke, with his Army entered 
 England, and was Joyned by Sir Marmeduke Langdale-, and Sir Philip 
 Mufgrave near Carlifle, and by Sir George Monro, whom they left with 
 his Forces at Kendal, and went from thence to Prefton in Lancafhire, 
 where Cromwel Attacked this Army, and Routed them, and fome Days 
 after, the Duke, with Sir Marmeduke Langdale, were taken Prifoners at 
 Vxeter, the reft of the Officers made their Efcape, with moft of the Sol- 
 diers : This great Lofs, difappointed all the King’s Friends : After this 
 Cromwel 'Ntnt into Scotland, and was received by the Marquefs of Argyle 
 and his Party, with the Greateft Solemnity Imaginable, and Conduced 
 to Edinburgh ; whereupon the Earl of Lanerick, with all thofe of the 
 Duke Hamilton'^ Party Retired, and Argyle call’d a Parliament, and there- 
 in Condemned the Duke of Hamilton's Engagement, and ordc^red 
 
 to 
 
SCOTLAND. 1^1 
 
 to Disband the Forces which be Commanded in England, they not be- 
 ing come up to the Engagement at Prefion, retired to Scotland. Crom- 
 wd returned to London, and Argyle (with the Affiftance of the Earl of 
 Lothian, one of the King’s greateft Enemies, (now ruled all things in 
 Scotland as he pleafed, having none to contend with, he Model’d all Affairs, 
 as he thought might be moft Grateful to his New Superior, Cromwd. 
 
 The King being ftill in Carisbrook-Cafile, feveral Attempts were made 
 by His Friends, particularly by the Earl of HoUaiid, and Lord Cabell, 
 who were both Routed and taken Prifoners. 
 
 The' Army now having the whole Power, removed the King froiti 
 Carisbrook-Cafile to Hurfi-Cafile, and after feveral unreafonable Terms 
 had been Propofedto the King, they renewed the Vote, of no AddreffeS 
 to the King ; whereupon the Queen fent a Meffenger, as alfo the Prince, 
 to the Rebels, but they took no Notice of either, but Proceeded and 
 and Prepared a Charge againft the King, which they called an Impeach- 
 ment of High-Treafon againfi Charles Stewart, King of England, which 
 was Rejefted by the Lords, but thofe of the Commons who had Joyned 
 the Army, with the Affiftance of Cromwel, Locked up the Door of the 
 .Houfe of Lords, and gave them no further Leave to Sitt ; The Lords being 
 thus Excluded, the Independants erefted their High-Court of Juftice, 
 and fent one Harrifon with a ftrong Party of Horfe, and carried the King 
 from Hurfi-Cafile to Windfor-Cafile. This Harrifon was the Son of a 
 ■Butcher in Nantwich in Chejhire, who was made a Colonel by Cromwel. 
 
 Cromwel and Irton, who direfted all things, Erefted their pretend 
 Court of Juftice at Wefiminfier-Hall, which was made up of the Vileft 
 of the People, fuch as they knew fitteft to countenance fo Horrid, and 
 Execrable a Deed, as they intended, and made one Bradfhaw, an Obfeure 
 Fellow, their Prelident, a Man fit for that Office, he being Mean, Info- 
 lent and Ambitious. 
 
 The Scots Commifiioners Protefted againft the Illegality of their Pro- 
 ceedings, and as the Parliament of Scotland had Declared againft this 
 Horrid In juftice, the Lords in England, Joyn’d with the Commifiioners, 
 both Publickly and Privately, to Diffwade them from Proceeding in 
 fuch a manner, contrary to the known Laws of both Nations ; but all 
 was in Vain, for the Contrivers of the Horrid Adion, had Aflurance of 
 their feveral Rewards. 
 
 January the 20th, His Majefty was brought to Wefiminfier-Hall, where 
 he Appear’d with a Countenance full of Courage and Majefty, and took 
 the Seat prepared for Him. Here was the King brought as a common 
 Criminal, before the Vileft Sett of Villains, that ever was Conveen’d in 
 
 B b b one 
 
i6z IheHlStO^rof I 
 
 one Place. The King Sate down, and looked upon His Pretended Judges, 
 who fliewed no Refpeft to His Majefty, but Sate ftill Cover’d, fixing 
 their Eyes upon His Majefty, and cauRd the Charge'againft Him to 
 be Read, with all thofe Reproachful Terms of Tyrant, Traytor and Mur- 
 der, and Impleaded in the Name of all the People of England. But 
 General Fairfaxe's Lady, Cryed Aloud, from a Gallery in the Court, 
 That not half the People of England would he Guilty of fuch a Safe Crime, 
 but what they did, was by the means of that Rebellious Traytor, Oliver 
 Cromwel. Some of the Traytors defired the Soldiers to Fire at the La- 
 dy, but (he withdrew. The King having denyed the Authority of the 
 Court, His Majefty was returned to St. James's, and the 2id, His Ma- 
 jefty was again brought before thofe Mifcreants, who Treated Him with 
 unheard Impudence and Infolence, as alfo the 23/i ; and I'jth, thofe 
 Vile Reprobates Sentenced His Majefty to be put to Death, by Sever- 
 ing His Head from His Body ; After the unjuft Sentence was Pronounced, 
 the King offered to Speak, but theinfolent Vi\[^mBradfhaw, would not 
 fuffer Him, but like as the Blind Jews, Cryed out againft our Saviour 
 Jefus Chriji, Crucify Him, Crucify Him ; they Cryed out againft the Pious 
 King for Juftice, and in the like manner, as His Bleffed Saviour wasTreat- 
 ed by the Jews, the King was by the Bafb Crew, who Reviled His Majefty 
 with many Irreverent Taunts, and fome Spit in HisMajefty’s Face as he 
 was paffing along, which He Wiped off with His Handkerchief, and faid. 
 My Saviour Suffer'd more than this for Me, and faid. He Pitied them, for 
 they would do the fame to thofe who Commanded them for a fmall Reward. 
 
 January the iSth, the King was Guarded from St. James's to White- 
 Had, where Doftor Juxton, Preached a Sermon before His Majefty, and 
 on the 29th, the Lady Elizabeth, and the Duke of Gloucejler, were Per- 
 mitted to take their laft Farewel of His Majefty ; and on Tuefday the 
 loth of January, 1648, about one of the Clock in the Afternoon, one 
 Colonel Hacker, with other Officers, and a Regiment of Foot, brought 
 His Majefty through the Banquetting-Houfeof and through 
 
 a Window upon the Scaffold, which was Hung with Black ; where He 
 was Received by one Colonel Thomlifon. His Majefty made a moft He- 
 roick and Pious Speech, and after fome ffiort Difcourfe with Dodfor 
 Juxton, who Affifted Him, He prepared Himfelf for the Fatal Stroak, 
 with moft Heroick Patience, Conftancy and Fervent Devotion ; His 
 Majefty Submitted His Head to the Block, which after the Sign given, 
 was at one Blow, Cut off by the Executioner ; whofe Face was Masked. 
 
 It was Affirmed, that no Executioner would undertake the Horrid 
 Murder, but fled the City ; and that it was one Hulet, one of thofe Ruf- 
 fians, 
 
SCOTLAND. 
 
 i<?5 
 
 fians, who Affifted at the Tryal, that for a great Reward, undertook and 
 Executed the Horrid Faft. The King's Blood was gather’d up by fe- 
 veral Perfons for different Ends : By fome, as the Trophies of their 
 Execrable Villany, by others, as Relicks of a Martyr. His Sacred Corps 
 was Embalmed and put in a Lead Coffin, Cover’d with Velvet, and was 
 Conveyed to Windfor, where it lay in State. His Ma jelly’s Servants, 
 Attended it in Mourning, and on the gth Day of February, 1648. 
 was by tire Duke of Marquefs of Hartford, Earls of South-Hamp- 
 ton 2LndLindfey, and the Bifhop of London, Intern’d in St. George's Chappel 
 in Windfor. The Impious Mifcreants denyed the ufe of the Englijh Ser- 
 vice at the Interment ; but the Reverend Bifhop, with the before 
 Mamed Loyal Peers, and all others Prefent, let fall many Tears, Accompa- 
 nied with fad Sighs and Groans, Lamenting the Unfortunate and Bar- 
 barous Fate of their Royal Mafler. 
 
 Thus fell Charles the Firft, King of Scotland, England, France and Ire- 
 land, &c. The Martyr of the People ; a Prince certainly Endowed with 
 as much Piety, Magnanimity and Patience, as any that ever Ruled ei- 
 ther of the Kingdoms ; who by the Confeflion of His Enemies, was 
 Endow’d with the Higheft Virtues that might Dignify a Man, a Chri- 
 flian, or a King. Let this moft Barbarous, Bloody, and Inhumane Mur-^ 
 ther, with the like Murther of His Royal Grand-Mother, Mary, Queen 
 of Scotland (the only Precedent of this) be Commemorated with Pray- 
 ers to the Almighty God, that the Punifhment due to thofe Impious 
 Mifcreants, and their Poftcrity, may not fall upon the Poflerity of thofe 
 who were Innocent of thofe Execrable Crimes. 
 
 Altho’ this Pious Prince was Deftroyed by thofe Cruel Murderers, 
 (to the Everlafting Shame and Reproach of them and their Nation) 
 yet ’twas not in their Power to Deftroy His Memory, which mufl 
 ever be Dear to aU Good Men. 
 
 CHARLES the II, the iiot^ King of SCOT L AN D. 
 
 C Harks the Second, was with the Queen in France, and as foon as 
 the King’s Murder was made known in Scotland, the Parliament 
 Met, and by Unanimous Confent, He was Publickly ^tozh.\m: 6 ,fCharles 
 the Second, by the Grace of God, King of Scotland, England, France 
 and Ireland, &c. And immediately after they fent over Commilfioners 
 to Treat with His Majefty, who was then in the Ifle of Jerfey, and af- 
 terwards they removed the Treaty to 3 reda. 
 
 In 
 
1^4 rheHlStO^Tof 
 
 In the Year, i6/\9. The Loyal Duke of Hamilton^ was Tryed, Sen- 
 tenced and Beheaded, by the Rebels at, London ; as alfo at the fame 
 time, the Earl of Holland, and Lord Capell, were Beheaded for their 
 Love and Loyalty, to their Lawful King. 
 
 In the Year, 1650. The Valiant Marquefs of Montrofs, Arrived from 
 Germany in the North of Sco/land, with feveral Officers and Servants, 
 having Raifed a fmall Body of Men, in the Shires of Caithnefs, Strath- 
 naver and Sutherland, he Marched Southwards, but was Defeated by 
 Colonel Straughan,?rc[ditd\iQn Prifoner in the Laird of /^aVHoufe, in 
 the Shire of Rofs, where he had been fomeDays in Difguife; Tis Paid 
 that AJfin Betrayed him, but the Truth of that Report is uncertain. 
 His Standard was Found, whereon was Pourtrayed, King Charles the 
 Firft, Beheaded, and Bleeding, with this Motto, Judge and Revenge my 
 Caufe, O Lord. The Marquefs was by Straughan deliver’d to General 
 Lejly, who carried him to Edinburgh, where, by Jrgyle's Orders, he was 
 received at the Water-Gate, by the common Hangman, who took 
 off his Hat, and made him go into a Cart, where there was a Chair fet 
 for him, to be the more Confpicuous to the Eyes of the Mob. But the 
 Heroick Marquefs, with a Countenance full of Courage and Cheerful- 
 nefs, obeyed their Orders. He was carried to the Tolbooth, where he 
 was, by the Treacherous Marquefs of Jrgyle's Party, Sentenced to be 
 Hanged on a Gibbet 30 Foot Fligh, and then taken down and Behead- 
 ed, and his Body Divided in 4 Quarters, his Head to be fixed on the 
 Tolbooth, and his four Limbs to be Pent and put up in the Cities of 
 Aberdeen, Perth, Stirling and Glafsgow. When the Sentence was Read 
 to him, he Expreffed how much he was obliged to them, for the Ho- 
 nour they had Conferred on him ; for Paid he, I account it a Greater 
 Plonour, to have my Head ft and on the Prifon-Gate, for my Loyalty to 
 my King, then to have my Pibiure placed in his Bed-Chamber. And I wijh, 
 inftead of having my four Limbs put up in four Cities, I had Limbs 
 and Parts enough of my Body, to fend to every City in Chriftendom, to Le- 
 ft ify my Loyalty, to tny Lawful King, and Love, to my Native-Country. 
 
 May the 31, 1650. He was brought to the Place of Execution, at 
 the Market-CroPs of Edinburgh, where there was a Scaffold, and a 
 Gibbet 30 Foot High. He there made a very Pious and Heroick Speech, 
 telling the People, That God doth often Suffer a Juft Man to Perijh in 
 his Righteoufnefs, and a Wicked Man to Profper in his Wickedfiefs. With 
 feveral Reflexions on the Martyrdom of the Lat? King, his Royal 
 Matter, faying. That his Majefty Lived a Saint, and Died a Martyr, 
 and Prayed to God, he might End as he had done. After Praying for 
 
SCOTLAND. i6^ 
 
 t>he King and his Native-Country, and even his Murders: He prepared 
 hinifelf for to mount the Ladder, but the Hangman brought the Decla- 
 ration of his Charge, which was Tyed by a Cord to his Neck, having 
 Ty’d it on, he faid, He thought not himfelf fo much Honoured, by Tying 
 on the Garter, as by that Cord and Paper, And defired, that if they had 
 , any more Dijhononr, to put it upon him, he was ready to Accept it. And 
 then with a Cheerful Countenance mounted the Ladder, and defired the 
 Executioner to turn him off, when he fpread abroad his Hands. Having 
 continued fomc time Praying on the Ladder, he gave the Signal, and 
 the Executioner performed his Office ; at which time his greateft 
 Enemies, were feen to (bed Tears. This Brave Man was thus Deftroyed 
 by the Treacherous Marquefs of Argyle, and his Party. 
 
 When this Noble Lord, firft heard of the Murder of his Royal Mafte-c, 
 King Charles the Firft, he Wrote the following Epigram. 
 
 Great, Good and Jufi ! could I but Pate 
 \ . My Griefs, and thy too rigid Fate \ 
 
 Fd weep the World to fuch a Strain, 
 
 As it fhould. Deluge once again : 
 
 But fince thy loud-tongu’d Blood demands Supplies, 
 
 More from Briareus’^ Hands, than ArgusV Eyes 
 / // Sing thy Obfequies in Trumpet Sounds, 
 
 And write thy Epitaph in Blood and Wounds. 
 
 When the Death of this faithful Pee^-, Avas made known to the 
 King at the Hague, His Majefty was very much Afflifted, but the Scots 
 Commiffioners, perfwaded his Majefty to haften over to Scotland, as the 
 only way to repair that Lofs, which His Majefty did, accordingly He 
 ! Embargued at the Hague, and Landed in the River Spey, in the Shire of 
 I Murray, in the North of Scotland, and was received by all the People 
 k with great Cheerfulnefs ; and they with all poffible Expedition, Raifed 
 ) an Army. Oliver Cromwel being called overt,|fom Ireland, where he 
 y was fent as Governor, and had Deftroyed many of the Ancient-Na- 
 j tives of that. Nation, and given their Inheritance, to his Inhumane 
 » Soldiers, (wlTofe Pofterity poflefs many fair Eftates there this Day.) 
 
 I He cnter^ -Scotland the 22d of Augufi, and the King’s Army 
 advanced againft him, but were Defeated at Dunbar, which Mat- 
 tered all that Army, and the King retired beyond Perth, and Grom- 
 i wel came unto Edinburgh, and layed Siege to the Caftle of Edinburgh, 
 
 . but it held out till the 2tpth of December. 
 
 C c c famctry - 
 
\66 the Hist 0^' of 
 
 January the firft, 11551. His Majefty was Crowned at Scoan, with as 
 great Solemnity, as the State of the Affairs could allow. The Cere- 
 mony being over, His Majefty removed to Stirlings and in a ftiort time 
 he had a good Army, but a Party of that Army being Routed at 
 Jnnerkeithing^ the King applyed to his Friends to go with him. to 
 England^ to venture all the Three Kingdoms in a fair Battle, to which, 
 the Nobility very Cheerfully Confented, and with an' Army of i6oco 
 Men, His Majefty March’d through the South Weft Parts of the Coun- 
 try, entered England, and Marched by Carlifle through Lancajhire. A<i 
 Body of the Englijh Rebels were at Warrington, and were about to cut-^| 
 down a Bridge to hinder the Scots Army to pafs, but they coming 1 
 fuddenly upon the Rebels, routed them, and forced their way over the * 
 River. Hence His Majefty marched to Worcefter. Cromxvel hearing of i 
 the King’s Motions, fent Lambert, with a fele£t Party of Horfe afte?- vJ 
 him, and the Rebels Raifed numerous Forces over all the Counties of | 
 England, all which Marched to Worcefter againft the King. In the mean Z. 
 time, Lambert having gain’d a moft advantageous Pafs at Hopton, by a 
 Defperate Attempt, having caufed fome of his Troopers to Swim the- 
 River on Horfe-Back, carrying their Arms in their Hands to fave them 
 from the Water ; Cromwel coming up, by this means paft over the Ri- 
 ver by a Bridge which Lambert had made, and Joyned all their Army 
 together, and Attacked the City upon all Parts, whereupon his Ma- j 
 jefty Marched out of the City v/ith Horfe and Foot againft them, and | 
 begun a moft defperate Battle, His Majefty’s Horfe was twice Shot '| 
 under Him, yet He was nothing difmayed, finding all the Scots, . 
 as alfo the Englijh Loyalifts, were rcfolved rather to Die in the Bed of, i 
 Honour, then to have their King and Country Trod upon by the Bafe,- - . 
 Ufurper, they Fought Valiantly, but the Rebels advanced with frefti - 
 Supplies, wherewith they over-power’d the King’s Forces, that they 
 were at laft forced to give Ground, and after twice Rallying, to Re- 
 treat to the City. His Majefty feeing that all was Loft, retired te> ' 
 the City by the fame G«Te he went out at. The Duke of Hamilton, ■ j 
 Earls of Lauderdale, Rothefs, Carnwath and Kelly, the Lord Sinclair, 
 
 Sir Charles Cunningham, Major-General Montgomery, Sir-Jo/;;z Bowglafs , , , 
 and Sir Alexander Forbefs, being taken Prifoners (the Duke of Hamil- 
 ton being Wounded died Ihon after) the King w'as very much afflifted 
 for the Lofs of fuch brave Men, efpecially the Duke, who his Majefty 
 bad feen, behave with Inca^mparable Valour in the Battle. 
 
 The King had Notice that all the Country about, was in Arms a- 
 gainft Him, he was.refolved to Retire, and with fome few Attendants, 
 
 he 
 
SCOTLAND. i6j 
 
 he Marched oiit of the Town at Midnight, and fearing their hiTumber 
 might difcover them, ordered every one to fliift for himfelf, and His 
 Majefty, with one Colonel Carkfs, came to a Place Bofcoble, where 
 he.Dif-robed himfelf, and for want of Scizars, had his Hair cut off 
 with a Knife, and went to a Wood, where he Lodged in the 'famous 
 Royal Oak ; where Colonel Carlefs brought him fuch Provifion as the 
 place could Afford, which was no better then fome Milk and Coarfe 
 Bread ; All this time the Soldiers were Hunting about for His Majefty, 
 and often paft through the fame Wood where his Majefty was. There 
 was alfo a Reward of a Thoufand Pounds promifed to any who 
 would take him Dead ora Live. This Colonel Carlefs being a Roman- 
 Catholick, knew all the People of every Rank, in that part of the Coun- 
 try (which was in the. Border of Staffordfhire) the moft of them being 
 of his own Profeflion, he brought the King to the Houfe of one Pen- 
 dr el, a Faithful Perfon, known to Carlefs, where the King refted in, 
 the Night, and went to the Oak-Tree in the Day. When His Majefty 
 was in the Tree with Carlefs, they faw feveral of the Searching-Sol- 
 diers pafs about them, and heard them talk, how they would ufe the 
 King, if they could Apprehend him. After fome Days being fpent in 
 this Condition, Carlefs went to another little Houfe, which • he 
 thought more convenient for the King, and fenta Guide for the King, 
 who Advifed his Majefty to change his Cloaths with Pendrell, which 
 he did, but would willingly have kept his own Shirt ; but conli- 
 dering that nothing could fooner difcover one then Fine Linnen with 
 bad Cloaths, He was content to put on a Canvafe-Shirt, which his 
 poor Land-Lord had worn fome Days, inftead of Fine Linnen ; His 
 Majefty that Night, Travelled Twelve Miles, with moft Exceftive Pain, 
 he having got Old Shooes, he was farced to take them off, and walk 
 in his bad Stockings, which were foon Torn, and his Feet Wounded, 
 going over Thorny-Hedges, to fhun the High-Roads. At laft His Ma- 
 jefty came to His Lodging, where there was a Barn and Straw-Bed, 
 provided, with fome Butter and Cheefe, wherewith he thought himfelf 
 well Feafted ; the next Day, Colonel Carlefs fent one Mr. Tfudlejion, a. 
 Roman-Catholick-Clergyman, a very Difcreet Man, who very much 
 comforted His Majefty, and let him know where the Lord JT/Ywo/: was 
 Conceal’d, whom he brought to the King ; the Lord Wilmot and 
 Hudleflon, brought His Majefty to the Houfe of one Mr. Lane, a very 
 Faithful and Loyal Gentleman. Here the King, inftead of his former 
 hard Fare, had every thing that was ufeful : His Majefty there Saw, and 
 Read the Rebels Printed Proclamations, offering a Thousand Pounds 
 
-«158 The HI STO 2 ^ 2 " of 
 
 for the Perfbn of Charles Stewart^ and the Penalty of Hi'gh-Treafon, 
 declared againft thofe who prefumed to Harbour or Conceal Him, 
 by which he -had reafon to Efteem thofe who were Faithful to him, 
 He thought upon all, poffible means to Tranfport Himfelf, and they con- 
 cluded, that Mrs. Lane fhould pretend to Vifit one Mr. a Coufin 
 
 of her’s, who 'Lived within Five Miles of Briflol, and that the King 
 Ihould Ride before her as her Servant, and -to that purpofe they fitted 
 His Majefty with Livery-Cloaths and Boots ; and by Eafie Journies they 
 came to Mr.. ^ Norton's^ where Mrs. Lane ’^?LS made very welcome. The 
 King going by the Name of William^ flie order’d fpecialCare to be ta- 
 ken of Him, that.'Hc was the Son of a very honed Man, and had been ‘ 
 lately Recover’d of an Agm., and defired a convenient Room and Fire 
 might be got for her Servant, who was -taken all care of by the Ser- 
 vants, but at Supper, foe ordered theButtler to carry fome Broth from 
 the Table to her Servant William ; the Buttler no fooner looked upon 
 his Brother-Servant, then he knew him to be the King, and fell upon 
 his Knees, and Prayed to God to blefs His Majedy, foedding Tears, to 
 lee him in that Condition ; but the King, tho’ Surprized, was 
 refolved to Laugh the Buttler out of his fancy, and asked, why he 
 mocked Him, but the Buttler, who very well knew His Majedy, told 
 Him, he was ready to Sacrifice his Life, to Serve and Obey, what ever 
 His Majedy order’d him ; he having been a Falconer to Sir Thomas Jermyn 
 formerly, put the King in mind of feveral Particulars, which His Majedy 
 well remembred ; Whereupon the King, made him Swear, that he 
 w'ould never take any Notice of Him, even to his Mader, altho’ be was 
 Hire of his Fidelity, the Buttler obeyed the King’s Orders, and dill gave 
 the King all podible Attendance while there. 
 
 One Vv. -Gorges, who had been one of the King’s Chaplains, chanced 
 to be alfo at Mr. Nortons that Night, and at Supper. This Gentleman 
 - finding the Rebels prevail, (like many others of his Function) declined 
 his Profefiion, and pretended to praftice Phyfick ; and hearing Mrs. Lane 
 fpeak of the Servant William, that he had an Ague lately ; he went 
 after Supper, out of good Nature to fee William, without telling any 
 one ; but the King feeing him enter the Chamber, withdrew to the 
 Back-fide of the Bed, to be far from the Candle ; the Doftor came and 
 Sate down by the Bed, and felt his Pulfe, and asked Him many Que- 
 dions, which he Anfwered in as few words as podible, the Doftor left 
 Him, and went to Mrs. Lane, telling her he had been with William, and 
 that He was in a very fair way of Recovery, and advifed her what to 
 give Him ; next Day the King told Mrs. Lane, who his Doftor was. 
 
SCOTLAND. 
 
 but he being then gone, they favv hi n no more that Day : The Lord 
 pyilmot came there, and the King having Notice of one Colonel JVifid- ' 
 ham, fent the Lord Wilmot to him, -and with Mrs. Lane, went to h's 
 Houfe, where they flayed till the Colonel went to Lyme in Dorfetjhhe, 
 and found the Maftef of a fmall Bark, and after they had Agreed for 
 it, and brought the King to an Inn in tFie Town, they were di Tap- 
 pointed by the unruly Wife of the Mailer, who Locked him up, when _ 
 he was getting ready, and Threatned to bring him before the Mayor, 
 becaufe he would not tell her where he was bound : They being thus 
 Difappointed, they Carried the King to a fmall Fiflier-Town in SuJJex, 
 c 3 S['d.Bright-Hemfted, where they found a fmall Bark, on Board of which 
 His Majefty went the — Day of November, and by God’s Bleffing, Land- 
 ed Safe at Frecam near Haver-de-Grace, from whence His Majelty went 
 to the Court of France, where the Queen’s Mother was. 
 
 Cromivelh?Lvmg the whole Kingdom of Scotland under his Command, 
 fent General Monk there, as his Deputy-Governor, who Planted Gar- 
 rifons over all the Kingdom ; The behaviour of Cromwel in England, 
 being fo well Recorded by able Authors of that Nation, I find no ne- 
 ceffity, for my taking any Notice of it further, then, ’tis certain, he 
 Ruled the three Nations with greater Severity, then thofe fo very 
 Hateful Perfons, call’d Lawful Kings. 
 
 General Middleton, who had been Prifoner in the Tower, fome time 
 after Worcefior Fight, found means to make his Efcape, and went over 
 to the King ; and at the Entreaty of feveral of the King’s Friends in 
 Scotland, obtained His Majefly’s Commiffion, and Landed in the High- 
 lands with a fmall Supply of Arms and Ammunition ; a great Num- 
 ber of the King’s Friends Joyn’d Him, and He continued for fome time 
 very Succefsful, againll the Ufurpers Forces ; but at lafl finding, that 
 1 thofe who had promifed to Joyn them from England, did not fulfill their 
 I Promife ; Middleton Disbanded his Party, and returned to France. 
 
 But when the Vile Ufurper was Mounted to the Highefl Pinnacle 
 lof Fortune, behold Death Snatched him away from the midll of his 
 IPleafure, on the id of September, 1558. The Rebels kept him in State 
 ;at White-Hall fix Weeks, and then Buried him with Great Splendor in 
 iWefiminJier, among the Princes of the Royal Blood ; and his Son 
 [ari Succeeded him as Proteftor. The Son being as Noted for his Folly 
 land Simplicity, as the Father was for Crafty-Deceit, and Treacherous 
 > Policy : He was not well Settled in his Government, when Fleetvaood 
 land Lambert, with the reft of the Army, thruft him out, calling the 
 [Long Parliament again : This Revolution was followed by another, for 
 
 D d d foon 
 
170 ^ he HISTORY of 
 
 foon after feveral Gentlemen in Chejhire, undet the Condud of Sir Gtorge 
 Booth, rofe for the Defence of their Priviiedges, but were Defeated by 
 Lambert, who immediately after, turned out the long Parliament, and 
 Ereded a Committee of Pafity. 
 
 All this time the King's Friends beheld the ftrange Metamorphofing 
 of Government, and begun to have new Hopes for the fo long Widied 
 for Reftoration of the King, and Royal Family. General Monk, who 
 was in Scotland, from the time of Oliver’s Death, gave great Teftimonies 
 of his F'avour to the King’s Friends in Scotland ; as there were many 
 had hill Teftifyed their Loyalty, notwithftanding the Power of their 
 Enemies ; and what is moft Remarkable, even the Presbyterian- Preach- 
 ers, did not ceafe to Fray for . the King in Publick. Monk hearing how 
 Matters went in England, Marched with his Army thitlier, and having 
 an Invitation from the Members of the Long Parliament, to come to 
 London with his Army ; February the '^d, Gtntvd\ Monk went to Lon- i 
 don, and after feveral Confultations with the King’s Friends ; the Long I 
 Parliament was DilTolved, but Lambert, thinking to Raife a New War, I 
 Vvas Routed, and taken Prifoner by Colonel Richard Ingoldsby. ' 
 
 ylpril the 2 ^th, \66o. a Free Parliament was called at Weftminficr ; ; 
 where it was 'Voted, that the King fliculd be called Home from Exile, 
 to His Hereditary-Right, and accordingly the 8f/; of May, by Order of 
 Parliament, the King was Proclaimed at London, and the i-^th of the 
 faid Month, His Majefty was again Proclaimed at Edinburgh, by the ! 
 Name and Stile oi Charles the id, by the Grace of God, King of Scot- 
 land, England, France, and IreLmd, &c. 
 
 May the iid. General Monk went from Lmdon to meet the King, I 
 who Landed the i6th at Dover, with His Brothers the Dukes of Yoyk 
 and Gloiicefior, and X.htigth, being His Majdiy's Birth Day, He Enter- j| 
 -:d London, to the Great Joy of all His Loyal Sub;edts, who had fo long 
 Groaned under Ufurpation and Tyranny; and His Majefty Created Ge-| 
 neral Monk, Duke of AlLernarle, &c. And gave the. Signet to one Mr. 
 Morrice., a Gentleman of Devonjhi're, who was the firft who Advifed 
 the General to Prefs the People to Reftore the King ; all thofe of the 
 King’s Party, who Suffered under the Tyranny of Gromwel, were now 
 fufficiently fatisficd with the Favour and Protedion of their Lawful 
 King ; but indeed, His Majefty Extended. His Royal Ckmency, far be- 
 yond Expeftation. 
 
 January the ^oth, the Bodies of the Infamous Traytors, Cromwel, Iretm 
 and BradJJoarp, were taken out of their Coffins, and’ Drawn on Hurdlei 
 to Tyburn, where they were.Hang’d by the Necks for feme Hours, anc 
 
 then 
 
S G O 'I' I. A N D. IJI 
 
 thW theiT Heads' their 
 Bodies thrown into a Hole under the.Galiowsj 4 U rfie'Ather IR,egiGides 
 were Apprehended, "and tnoft Part of them Hang'd and- 'Quartered. i 
 At this 'time in Scotland, John Middleidn, Earl of Middleton, Repre-- 
 Tsnted'the King, as High -Commiffioner,. and TVilUm Cmningham, Earl 
 oi'^lenc.arn as Chancellor, in a parliament hfeld it Edinburgh, Paft many 
 AftS) for the Relief of the Su 5 ^fts_, who had Suffered tinder the lifur- 
 pation and Tyranny of CromwdL George Mackenme cdi Eofhm^h, was 
 Advocate, and was very Diligent in Apprehending artd Punilhing the , 
 Ring-Leaders of the Rebels. 
 
 . The Head,. Limbs, and Body of the Valiant Marquefs of Montrofr, 
 were taken down from the feveral Places where they were, and by the 
 King’s Orders, were; Interred with Great' Solemnity; 'May the37-r/j,r5'62. 
 The Marquefs of for his form'er Difloyarand''rrenfMable Pra- 
 
 difes, was Beheaded at the Market-Crofs of Edinburgh, and his Head 
 was Fixed one the Tolbooth, where the Marquefs of Montrofs's Head 
 had formerly been : The Solemn League and Covenant was, by. the - 
 Order of Parliament, Burnt by the Hangman, and all the Billiops and 
 Epifcopal-Clergy Re-eftablilhed, and all the Presbyti^ians turned' out, 
 except fuch as Conformed 'to the Epifcopal-Government. ■ 
 
 May 14th, Catherina Infanta of Portugal, (who washy 'Pro^.'Msr- 
 ried to the King,) Arrived at Portfmouth, and .was Solemnly Married^ 
 to the King by the Billiop of London, She was the Daughter of . 
 
 ’ the King of Portugal, and Sifter to AlphonfoXho.^th, 
 
 In the Year, \666. feveral Perfons committed many In folent Riots, 
 thofe Perfons were Lome of the old Covenanters, not being contented 
 with the Government, Deflgned to have Raifed a .ISiew R^ellion', hut 
 they were fuddenly Routed and Difperfed, ,by the King’s Forces, Com- 
 manded by Lieutenant-General; Dalziel, and Major-General 
 ' the Ring-Leaders ofthatPartyi being, taken, were Executed at Edinburgh. 
 
 In January, i66j. The Parliament Met at Edinburgh^ and put the 
 Nation in a Pofture of Defence, by Raifing a Competent Number of 
 Forces, and Afleffed the Kingdom in an Impolition of 6cqqI. per 
 Month ; About the latter End of April, the fame Year.,- the Dutch 
 Fleet came up the Firth of Forth, and made an Attempt upon Ermit- 
 Jfland, in Fife, but were, Beaten off with Great Lofs. 
 
 On the 3.1/ of Auguji, i6fo. The Queen Dorrager, Departed this 
 Life in France. This Year the King Propofed to Unite the two King- 
 doms, which Propofition was re'prefented to the Parliament at Edbiburgh, 
 where the Duke of- Lauderdale Reprefented His Majefty as High-Com- 
 
 miflloner;,. 
 
I7t The Hls rO%r of 
 
 miffioner, , biit In'fuperable Difficulties appeared in the Matter, and it 
 •was wholly : laid Afide. , 
 
 In the Year, i 6 'jg. The Reftlefs Fanaticks begun again to kindle 
 the Fire of Rebellion, and on the ol May, a Farty (of that Seft 
 called Cameronian Presbyterians) Way lay’d and Befet. Dr. Sharp, Arch^ 
 Biffiop of St. Andrew' s_ in hi^ Coach, as he and a. young Lady, hiS Daugh- 
 ter, Was Edinburgh,' near his own Hou'fe, in the Shire 
 
 .of Fi'fe., and moft Barbaroufly Murdered that Reverend Prelate : After 
 ihaving Poured in feveral Shots into the Coach, they moft Inhumanly 
 Run their Swords feveral times through his Body ; the Diftreffed young 
 Lady, by Divine Providence, very narrowly Effcaped their Fury, but 
 Death could not been fo great Pain nor Affliftion, as to fee her Re- 
 verend Father fo Cruelly Butcher’d, b'yYuch Cruel Villains. But Juft 
 Heavens foon brought thofe Murderers to Condign Puniftiment ; they 
 were Hanged afterwards in the Grafs-Market at Edinburgh. 
 
 Immediately after this Murder, the Presbyterians broke out into o_peIi 
 Rebellion, but were Totally Routed at Bothwell Bridge, by the King's 
 Forces and Friends, under the Duke of Afow^oKf^'tand the Brave, and 
 Loyal Lieutenant-General 7)<2 /z/V//. 
 
 In the Year, 1661, His Royal Highnefs, Jamesfynkt of Albany, and 
 Terk, came down to Scotland^ as High-Commifiioner, with the Dutchefs 
 and Lady Ann, being Attended by a Number of the Nobility of both 
 Nations. He was received by the Nobility and People of all Ranks 
 at Edinburgh, with the utmoft Demonftrations of Joy and Refpeft, 
 and was Univerfally beloved by -all People, which indeed his Deport- 
 ment, as well as Birth and Place, equally Merited. His Highnefs kept 
 a Splended Court, at the Palace of Holy-Rood-Houfe, where the whole 
 Form and Ceremonies of the Court were obferved with the fame Ex- 
 aftnefs,asif the King had been Prefent. In the Year, 1682. His Royal 
 Highnefs returned to England in March, and after fome Ihort ftay there, 
 Embarked in the Gloucejior Frig, at, Attended by feveral of the Nobility 
 and Gentry of both Nations, the Ship having an Yatch, and three other 
 fmall Ships in Convoy, fet Sail for Scotland. And on the 5?/; of May 
 early in the Morning, being off of Tarmouth Road, the Ships ftruck 
 upon tht Eemon-ore- Sands, which the Duke, with as many Perfons 
 as could get into the Pinnace, faved themfelves on Board the Yatch, 
 where his Highnefs was no fooner Entered, then with great Sorrow and 
 Compaffion, he beheld the Frigat fink to the Bottom, with above an 
 Hundred and Fifty Souls, among which were the Earl of Roxbrough, 
 Laird of Hopton, with many other Perfons of Quality of both Nations, 
 
theDutchcfs, of York, and^the Lady Jm, being then at Edinburgh ; were 
 h'rft Surprized with the Difmal Account of the Ship being loft, but to 
 Their great Cpitifort, Hi5 Royal Highnefs Arrived fafe :at Edinburgh 
 'the next Day f and after fome ftay returned to England, 
 
 In the Year, 1683. Two Horrid Riots was Difcovered at London^ againft 
 the King, the- firft was carried on by the Citizens of The 
 
 Chief Managers were Keeling, a Salter by Trade, John Rumfej, 
 
 J'hmas Shepherd,- Robert- Lawyer, Ai>«r;z,.a:iBrevver,''and 
 
 others, who contrived a general Infurreftion, and toMuirder the King 
 and Duke of York, with a Deiign, to give the Crown to -the Duke of 
 Monmouth, the King’s Baftard-Son : The Duke was Affifted in his Am- 
 bitious Hopes, by the Lord Shaftsbury, as_ alfo the Earl of Argyle^ and 
 Sir Job’i Cochran, who defired to Raife .a Rebellion in Scotljond at the 
 fame time. - ■ . ' - ' 
 
 The Earl of Argyk, had 'Tome- time before, made his Efcape out 
 of the Caftle of Edinburgh, where ;he. lay- under Sentence of Condemna.- 
 tion, for High-Treafon, for Refuting the Teft, enjoyned by A6t of Par- 
 liament : Their firft Contrivance being almoft Difcovered, they. Set ail 
 Hands and Heads to work again, to Deftroy the King, and Duke Q^Yorki 
 a}id they Concerted that one Richard Rjimbald, w^ho Lived at a Houle, 
 called the Rye, about two Miles from Ho ddef den m. Her tf or d- Shire, 
 which flood in the King's Road to New- Market, Ihould have a Party in 
 his Houle ready to befet the King and Duke, and Murder them; and 
 then the feveral Ring- Leaders were to Raife their Parties, and Pro- 
 claim the Duke of Monmouth. As the Duke had Declared himfelf a 
 great Friend to the Rebellious-Fanaticks ; all that Party was very Bufie 
 in this Confpiracy, but Divine Providence Difcovered their Inhumane 
 Practices, and many of them were Defervedly Executed, and many others 
 fled with the Duke beyond Seas ; but he returned fome Months after, 
 and was Pardoned by th: King his Father, This was the fo much 
 Talked of Rye-Houfe Plot, During this King's Reign ; Scotland, En- 
 joyed great Plenty, Profperity and Peace, except the little Diflurb- 
 ances of thefe unruly Parties, who where foon quaftied by the King’s 
 Forces and Friends. 
 
 This King, who had Lived 12 Years in Exile after the Martyrdom 
 of his Royal Father, and had Ruled the Ifle -Britain and Ireland, 
 24 Years with great Eafe, notwithftanding, the many wicked Confpi- 
 racies Plotted againft his Majefty’s Life, by the Reftlefs Englifli. His, 
 Majefty Departed this Life at White-Hall, the 6 th Day of February., 
 1685. He left no Lawful Iffue, but had .feveral Natural Children of 
 both Sexes, by feveral Women. 
 
 Eee H? 
 
174 a / sr 0 3^r of 
 
 .He was Buned tlie Chappel in Wdfimkfier, where there 
 
 is an Effigy in W^x Placed^ His' Death was yery much; Lamented hy 
 every good Man, except thofe Reftlefi Rebels, who longed, to fee it. 
 
 JAM ES the yt/;, King of SCO T L AN D. . 
 
 J Ames Duke of Second Son to King C/w/?j- the Firfti. wayBorn 
 
 the ii\th oi-O^obir, 16 8 , and Succeeded his Brother, .King Cbarki 
 the Second, tlae 6th -of Feh^waty., 1(585; News of the King’s Death 
 being brought to Edinburgh, the Lords of the Privy-Councih were called 
 immediately together by the Earl oi Perth, Lord High-Ghancellor, and 
 the XXvi&R-'O^ ,Q:]^ensberry, Lord Treafurer ; who being AfTembled, and all 
 Sworn Anew, gave Orders for Proclaiming . King, which was ac^ 
 
 cordingly Hone onthe icith &f' February, with all ufual Ceremonies, their 
 Lordfltips Affifting at 4 f; after which by his Majefty’s Command, a Pro- 
 clamation was Publifhed, to continue all Officers, Judges and Magiftrates 
 in their Refpeftive Plates, till further Orders* This being done, the Lords 
 of the Council fenta Letter to the King, containing an Account of their 
 Proceedings ; with Affurance of Hazarding their Lives and Fortuniik, 
 in Defence of his- Majefty’s R'oyal Perfon and Dignity ; and at the 
 fame time. th« Arch-Bifhops^- and Bifhops of the Kingdom, Addreffed the 
 King, Expreffing their Sorrow, for the Death of his Late Majefly, and 
 their D-Uty to him. The 20th- Day of February, a Proclamation was 
 Pu'bliihed to Summon a Parliament to meet at Edinburgh, tht 19th of 
 April following,, and an Addrefs of Congratulation was fent to the King, 
 from the Magiftrates and Council of Edinburgh, as alfo at the fame 
 tiie feveral Corporations of that City, and the other Cities and Towns 
 in the Kingdom, did in like manner fend their Addreftes. The 23^^ of 
 April (which was the fame Day, the King and Queen were Crowned 
 at Wefiminfier) the Parliament met at Edinburgh, where the Duke of 
 JHujesnsberr.y Reprefented HisMajefty as High-Commiffi mer; who at the 
 Opening of the Parliament, Read the King’s Letter, wherein His Ma- 
 
 S fty expreft His Great Concern, for the Peace and Profperity of the 
 a'tion, promifing to Maintain and Proteft the Laws and Liberties,' 
 efpecially the Church ; as then by Law Eftabliftied. After Reading 
 the Letter, the Commiflioncr made a Speech, Declaring his Inftruftions 
 from the King, injoyning the Parliament to ftudy effeftual means to 
 deftroy the Fanatick- Party, that had brought that Kingdom, almoft to 
 the Brink of Ruin, 
 
SCOTLAND; tjs 
 
 The Lord Chancellor allb made a Speech, ■wherein he put them in 
 Mind, by what gentle means the King, when He was High-Commif- 
 fioner, had quieted the Rebellious Party, and therefore urged them to 
 Serve the King, Promote His Intereft, and Deftroy the Brood of Vii- 
 lanous Men ; VVhich Speeches being over, the Parliament drew up a 
 Letter to the King, Expreffing how Senfible they were of His Maje- 
 fty's Remembrance of their former Services, and their Refolution to ex- 
 ceed what they had formerly done, and be Exemplarily Loyal, in Ad- 
 vancing fuchLaws, as might Secure His Authority, to extirpate the Fa- 
 natical-Party, and Punith the late Confpirators. 
 
 In the beginning of this Parliament, they Paffed thefe 4 Afts, (viz.} 
 jfi. An Aft for Securing the Church, as then Eftabliflied by Law, 2d. 
 For Annexing the Excife upon Foreign and Inland-Commodities, to the 
 Crown of Scotland for ey tv. $d. An Aft, Ratifying the former Cuftoms 
 of Jufticiaries-Proceedings, againft Pannels already in Prifon, and con- 
 cerning Procefs and Citations for High-Treafon. 4?/;, Concerning Wit- 
 nefles ; That no Infamous Perfons fhould be admitted Witnefles, efpe- 
 cially in the Cafe of Life and Death, or Treafon, and that fuch Perfons 
 as were Cited to giveXeftimony in Cafe of Treafon, and refufed to Ap- 
 pear, fhould be Proceeded againft, as Guilty of the fame Crimes they 
 were to Witnefs. 
 
 Jpril the iSth, a Proclamation was Publifhed, for putting the King- 
 dom in a Pofture of Defence, againft the Enemies of the King and Go- 
 vernment, Commanding all tlif King’s Subjefts, to be in Readinefs,-with 
 their beft Arms, to Affift againft any Commotions and Infurreftions. 
 
 The Earl of Argyle as before- mentioned, fled over to HoUdnd^ and the 
 Duke of Monmouth., who had been Pardoned, by his Father King Charles^ 
 having again Offended, was Banifhed the Court, and went to Holland ; 
 where Argyle, with many of thofe Concerned in the Sye-Houfe Covif^pi- 
 racy, met the Duke, and upon, the Late King’s Death, fet themfelves 
 at Work, to form a New Rebellion, and determined to Invade England 
 and Scotland at the fame time; the Earl of Argyky..Tprom\fmg to Raife 
 an Army of the Fanaticks in Scotland : They having got all the Men, 
 Arms, and Ammunition, they could Procure in thofe Parts, the Earl of 
 Argyle, with Five Ships, fet to Sea for Scotland, and on the 9th of May^ 
 appeared before Orkney : He fent his Secretary and Chirurgeon, on 
 Shore, but they were both Seized by the Inhabitants, who fent News . 
 immediately to the Council at Edinburgh, from whence they immedi-. 
 ately Difpatched an Exprefs to the. King. 
 
T’he HI S'TO^^' of 
 
 The King’s Speech was by the Commiffioner Deliver’d to the Par- 
 liament, Sitting at Edinburgh, and in Purfuance of His Majefty’s Define, 
 they Pafled an Aft ; wherein they Ordain’d to Supprefs all Field, and 
 Conventicle-Preachers, and Punifli them, and their Hearers with Death, 
 and Confifcation of their Goods. And another Aft, declaring it Treafon, 
 to take the Solemn League and Covenant, as formerly Impofed on the 
 Nation. The Third Adi, to Raife the Sum of 260, 000/. Sterl. Year- 
 ly, for the King’s Life-Time. 
 
 The Earl of Argyle, upon his Secretary's being Seized, quitted Orkney, 
 and Purfued his Courfe to the Weft of Scotland, and Landed at Dun- 
 flajjage, and put a Garrifon in the Caftle, and Marched further into the 
 Country,' and Publilhed his Declaration, the Title of which was. 
 
 The Declaration of the Proteft ant -People : That is to fay, The Noblemen, 
 Earons, Gentlemen, and Commoners of all Sorts, in Arms, in the Kingdom of 
 Scotland, vtith the Concurrence of True and Faithful Paflors, and of fe- 
 deral Gentlemen of the Englifti Nation, Joyn'd with them. 
 
 In this Declaration, they pretended that many Advantages had Ac- 
 crued to the Proteftant-Religion, by the War againft King Charles the 
 ift. Extolled the Fidelity of the Covenanters ; Declar’d againft the King’s 
 Authority, Terming Him only James Duke of Fork. Exclaim’d againft 
 the Engl'ifh Parliament, calling them Deftroyers of the True Proteftant 
 Religion. 
 
 The Parliament at Edinburgh, gave Speedy Teftimony of their Loy- 
 alty to the King, by Raifmg Forces under the Command of the Mar- 
 quefs of At hole, the Earl of Broadalbin, Sir Ewen Cameron, of Lochyell ; 
 who in Ten Days time. Railed from Caithnefs to the Firth of Forth, 
 22COoMen, well Armed. Argyle, with Sir John Cochran, were very Aftive, 
 in Raifmg Men, and Difperling their Declarations: 1 he Earl Ad arched 
 "to Carnpbelton, and fent his Son Charles to Coxvall, to Raife all his ValTals 
 .and Tenants, from 16 to 60 Years of Age, which he did fo Eftedtual- 
 "ly, that they had an Army of yco Men in few Days. They Marched 
 dfvom Campbelton, and Embarked to the of Bute, and took .the Town 
 ofRothfay, but w'crc Beat from that Ifte, by the King's Ships. They 
 "Marched Lora Bute to Loch-Finne, and Inner ary, and from thence to the 
 Caftle oC AUan.gr es^, and Lodged their Arms and Ammunition there. 
 
 The \nh of June, the Marqiiefs of Athole, with a Party of three 
 hundred Men, Defeated a Party of the Rebels of 400 Foot, and 80 
 Horfe, Killing and Wounding moft of them ; the reft they took Pri- 
 foners ; The fame Day, the King’s Ships took the Caftle of Allengreg, 
 vvficre they found 500 Barrels of Powder, with a great Number of 
 
 Arms. 
 
SCOTLAND. 177 
 
 ArOli* 0)1 the i 6 th of Jme^ the Earl of Argyle Marched to Gairlocl\ 
 and to the Fords of the River Leven, On the 17?^, the Earl of Dun- 
 barton, Commander in Chief of the King’s Army, Marched from Giaf- 
 gi)\v, and overtook them in the Parilh of Kilern near Stirling, but being 
 Late, they Encamp'd that Night, and Argyle Marched off in the Night 
 filently, and took his way over Cly le ; Dunbarton miffing them in the 
 Morning, Purfued them with the Horfe, and left the Foot to come up 
 at their Eaie. At Rsnfreiv^ Sir John Cochran, undertook to Provide 
 Guides, but they miflook thdr way, and led them into Boggs ; where 
 having Loll their Horfes and Baggage, the Foot were Diiperfcd into 
 fimil Parties, and were Purfucd, and many of them taken by the King’s 
 Forces. The Earl of Argyle being alone, was Set upon by two Servants, 
 at whom he Fired, and refufed to yield, but Receiving a Wound in his 
 Head, he left his Horfe, and run into the Water ; upon the Noifc, a 
 Country Man, a Weaver, by Trade, came out of his Houfe, and run in- 
 to the Water after the Earl, who Prefented a Piftol at him, but mif- 
 fing Fire, the Country-Man gave him a fevere Blow over the Head, 
 with which befell, and in falling, Cry ed out, Vnfortunate Argyle ! And 
 was taken by feme Soldiers who came up, and carried him to the Gene- 
 ral, who fent hHii Pcifoner to Eiinbiirgh. The Lord Rojs took Sir John 
 Cochran, who Defended hirafelffor fome time, and gave a flight Wound 
 to the faid Lord, and Wounded Sir Adam Blair, and St Widiam Wallace, 
 but at lalf they Defeated his Party, and took himfelf Prifoner. The 
 Malttler llumbald, and Colonel Aylojf, the Man igers of the Rye-Houfe 
 plot, and 200 more with them, were taken by the Earl of Arran's Mi- 
 litia, and carried to Glaj'gow, and from thence to Edinburgh-. 
 
 Tuefday the 26th of June, the Earl of Argyle was Beheaded, on a 
 Scaffold, at the Market Crofs of Edinburgh, his Head was Fixed on the 
 T dbootb, and his Body Buri-d in St. Magdalen's Chappel in tiie Cow-Gate, 
 he made no Speech on the Scaffold, but gave a Paper to tiie Dean of 
 Edinburhg, to be given to the Chancellor. 
 
 Colonel Ayloff, Ripped up his own 'Belly in the Caffle of Edinburgh, 
 and Rimbald was Condemned and Rang'd, with feveral others of the 
 Ring leaders, and the reft were Pardoned. 
 
 ^ At the fame time, the Duke of Monmouth Landed in England, *at a 
 Place called Lyme in Dorjetjhire, on the iitb of June, with 4 Ships, and 
 130 Men, and was fuddenly Joyn'd by the Rebellious Party in England, 
 and Publilhed his Declarations ; and having an Army of 5 or 6000 i»Ien, 
 gave Battle to the Sing's Forces, Commanded by the Earl of Feverjham, 
 and the Lord Churchill at Bridge-Water, on the i\th of July, but was 
 
 F f f Routed j 
 
178 IheUlSTO^Yof 
 
 Routed ; 2coo Men being Slain, and a great Number taken Prifonera^-. 
 The Duke was taken in a Wood, and brought to London, and was Be- 
 headed on Tower -Hill, the i^th of July, 1685. . Thus fell the unhappy 
 Duke of Monmouth, he was the Eldeft, Natural Son of King Charles 
 the. Second, by one Mrs. Walters-. He was Married to Ann Scot, Daugh- 
 ter to Francis Earl of Bucclengh in Scotland, who Succeeded her Father, 
 in as Plentiful a Fortune, as any in the Ifle of Britain ; the Duke up- 
 on his Marriage, Changed his- Name to Scot. He left Iffue by his 
 Dutchefs, James Scot, of Dalkeith, the Apparent Heir of the Dutchefs- 
 his Mother, and Henry Scot, Earl of Delorain, both Peers of Scotland. 
 
 April the 26th, in the Year, 1686. The Parliament met at Edinburgh, 
 where Alexander, Earl of Murray, reprefented the King as High-Com- 
 miffioner in this Parliament, feveral Afts were Paft, concerning Trade, 
 which at that time Flourifhed, there was then a Free Trade open’d with 
 England. An Aft of Indemnity was alfo Paft to all thofe, who had been 
 Out-lawed in the late Rebellion. About this time feme Divifions were 
 Arifing. in England about Religion, the common Caufe of all Calamities, 
 and occafioned great Grumbling in Court .and Country, which ended 
 in the King’s Dethronement. . 
 
 The I'jth of January, 1688. An Exprefs Arrived at Edinburgh, with 
 a Proclamation, Appointing a Day of Solemn Thankfgiving, for the 
 Queen’s Conception. The gth of May, the King’s Declaration for Li- 
 berty of Confcience, was Read Publickly in the Churches throughout 
 Edinburgh, and the whole Nation, which Declaration, gave great Of- 
 fence to many : It was for withftanding this Declination. The Arch- 
 Bifliop. of Canterbury, the Biftiops of St. Afaph, Ely, Chichejler, Bath and. 
 Wells, Peterborough, and Briji 0 1 ,. -wevt put in thcTower. The i/^tb Day 
 of Ju?2e, an Exprefs Arrived at Edinburgh, fhewing, that the Queen was 
 Brought to Bed of a Son, upon Sunday, the icth Day of that Month, 
 and Ordain’d a Publick Day of Thankfgiving throughout the Nation,, 
 which was accordingly Obferved. 
 
 The Animofities in England ftill growing Higher, the Difeontented 
 Tarty, Invited over William, Prince of Orange, who accordingly came 
 over, and Landed in England, the 6th of November, 1688, and immedi- 
 ately Publilhed a Declaration. Whereupon the King Order’d 6 Regi- 
 ments of Horfe and Foot from Scotland, which Marched ftraight to 
 Salisbury Plains, where they Joyn'd the Englijh Army : They by de- 
 grees, Deferred the King, who foon found His Party fo weak, that on 
 the 2l>d of December, He Embarked for France, and Arrived at Calico 
 the \ Qthjof December. Several of the Scots Nobility being then at the. 
 
 Court 
 
SCOTLAND. I7P 
 
 Court of England, they were Divided in the two Parties, as rvere all 
 the People of that Nation for foine time ; fome were for the King, 
 who defired that Regents might be Appointed, but at laft it was A- 
 greed, that the Prince and Princefs of Orange, Qiould have the Crown, 
 and accordingly they were both Proclaim’d, King and Queen, of 
 landdLnd Ireland, the 13 th of February, 1688-p. And on the iith of April 
 after, they were Crown’d at VFeflminfter. 
 
 At this time the Royal Regiment of Horfe, and Dunbarton's Regi- 
 ment of Foot, who were the lait that flay’d with King James, Deferted 
 the Government, and came down to Scotland. Several Debates was at 
 that time, among the Peers of Scotland, upon the Orders they Receiv- 
 ed from thofe Peers, who were at London, who foon Repaired to Edin~ 
 burgh ; and the it^th of March, the Convention of Eflates Met at Edinburgh, 
 and after Prayers ; wherein the Bilhop of Edinburgh Prayed Earneftly 
 for the Refloration of King James, they Proceeded to the Eleftion of a 
 Prefident, and the Marquefs of Athole, was Propofed by King James'?, 
 Party, and the Duke of Hamilton, by the Prince of Oranges'? Party, and 
 the latter Carried it by 40 Voices, and after fome Warm Debates, it 
 was Carried, That the Prince and Princefs fhould be Declar’d King and 
 Queen, and they were Proclaimed at Edinburgh, the nth of April, 
 
 1 689. 
 
 The Duke of Gordon, who held the Caftle of Edinburgh, would not 
 Surrender it, but upon Receipt of a Letter from King James, fent No- 
 tice to the Vifeountof Dundee, who went to him, and Concerted Mea- 
 fures with him, about Carrying on a War, and the iid of March, he 
 fent Notice to the Magiftrates of Edhiburgh ; that having Received a 
 Letter, that King James was Safe Arrived in Ireland, he was obliged 
 to Fire all his Cannon, but would do the City no Harm. 
 
 The 2?th of March, Major-General Macky, Arrived at Leith, with 
 5 ooo Englijh and Dutch Troops, and being appointed Commander in 
 Chief, he laid Siege to the Caflle of Edinburgh, but with little Succefs, 
 for theflrength of the Caflle, having all the City and Suburbs at Com- 
 mand, forced the Inhabitants to furniflr them with Provifion. 
 
 The Parliament Met at Edinburgh, the I'jth of June : The Duke of 
 'Hamilton being Comm iflioner, and the Earl of Crawford., PrefideiA : An 
 Aft was Pafl, for Abolilhing Epifcopacy. The Siege of the Caflle be- 
 ing continued flill, and the Vifeount Dundee, having Railed a fmall 
 Army of Highlanders, to the Number of 2300 Foot, and ico Horfe, 
 and was Joyn’d by 300 Men, fent by King James out of Ireland. Ge- 
 neral Macky againft him, 6000 Englijh and Forces, 
 
i8o The HlsrOH^Tof 
 
 and near zoco Ncw-raifcd Men: And on the i6tb of fuljt they 
 Fought at ICillcrmky in Varth Shin and after a Defpei'ate Eiigageinent 
 and Great Slaughter, the Dutch and were Routed, but the 
 
 Vifcount Dimke being Slain, they looked upon their Lofs to be 
 Greater then the Viftory, 
 
 All the Chiftans of the Clans, having got Terms, Retired to their 
 own Homes, ’Tis laid that the next Day after this Battle, that after 
 they had Capitulated, fome of theE^|/?yfeand Dutch Officers; deSred leave 
 of General Mackj, to fee the Corps of the Vifcount Du/idee, who lay 
 in State with his Friends, but he denyed them, faying, .he had fo great 
 Regard for fo Brave a Man as he was ; that they, who could not abide 
 the fight of him while a Rive, Oiould never- be allowed to ga^e on iiis 
 Body, when Dead. 
 
 The Duke of Gordon, hearing of the Death of the' Vifcount Dundee^ 
 Surrcndred the Cable of Bdinburgh, upon the Terms before offiered 
 to liira, which were to March out of the Cable, Bag and Baggage ; After 
 that, (everal of thofe who were at the Battle of Killer mfy, w^ent over 
 to King Jumes, who was then in Irdmd, except Colonel who 
 bayed fome time in the Highlands ; but after went over to Irdmdt and 
 Sir Daen Cameron of tochytii. Headed a Party of thofe who ftood up 
 for King Tames, but after a Skirmiffi, with Sir Thomas Ltvin$fiim, t\m 
 Disbanolxl. 
 
 ■Little matter worth taking 'Notice, happen’d -in this Nation, during 
 the Wars in Ireland, whichMabed till the 3^/ of OG^ober, 1691. At 
 .which time they Surrcndred. 
 
 In the Year, ,j <592. The mob Inhumane and Barbarous Maffacre of 
 .Glmo, was Gommirted. A Proclamation was Puhlibied, that all the 
 Highlanders ffiould corre'in, and take the Oaths the-brft of January, 
 and the Laird of Glmcr, went to Colonel Hill, the Day limitted, but 
 ,he not having Power to Adnrhiilkr at Cm Oath, !io went to the She^ 
 rilT of yle 5 /;/rr, who with great Difficulty, Adsiiniftred the Oath, and 
 
 gave him a Proteftion, he thinking ihmfdf and Tenants safe, returned 
 Home to Isis own Houfe. 
 
 In January, 1691. The Earl of Regiment came to that Coun- 
 
 try ; the design of cheir coming was then Sufpefted to be, to take a 
 Courfe with thofe who lliouid band out, and not fubmir, and take 
 th; OatliS : The Garrifcn of Tiveriochy being thronged, and Gismo being 
 Commo(iious for Quartering, as being near the Garrifon, thofe Soldiers 
 were ient thither to Quarter : They pretended, they came thither to 
 Lxaft Arrears of Cefs, and Hearth Money (a Tax never known in Scot- 
 land, 
 
SCOTLAND. iSi 
 
 ‘land, until laid on by the Parliament, in 1690. after the Parliament 
 xk England had eafed themfelves of it.) Before they Entered Gknco, the 
 Laird, and his Sons came out to meet them, and asked them, if they 
 came as .Friends or Enemies : The Officers anfwered as Friends ; and 
 gave their Paroles of Honour, that they neither would do him, nor 
 iiis Friends any harm ; upon which hc welcoiiied them, promiiing them 
 the bell: Entertainment the place could Aftbrd. This he really p)erformed, 
 aS all file 'Soldiers confefs. He and they lived together in muliual Friend- 
 ffiip Fifteen Days or thereabouts; fo far was he from fearing any hurt 
 from them, and the very laft Day of his Life was Spent, in keeping 
 Company with the Commander of that Party. Captain Campkll of 
 Glenlyon, Playing at Cards with him till Seven or Eight at Night, and 
 at their parting, mutual Proteftations of kindnefs were received ; fome 
 time that very Day, whether before or after their parting, I knov/ not. 
 Captain Campbell had thefe Orders fent him from Major Ducanfon, a 
 Copy whereof, I here infert. 
 
 3 AL L AC Ho L I S, February 12th, 1692^ 
 
 Sir, 
 
 Y OU are hereby ordered to fall upon the Rebels, the Macdonelds of 
 Glenco, and put all to the Sword under Seventy ; you are to have 
 fpecial Care, that the Old Fox and his Sons, do upon no account efcape 
 your Hands ; you are to fecure all the Avenues;, that no Mm efcape ; This 
 you are to put in Execution at Five of the Clock in the Morning Preeifely, 
 and by that time, or very Jhortly after it. Til flrive to be at you with a 
 fironger Party ; if I do not come to you at Five, you are mt to tarry for 
 me, but to fall on. This is by the King's Special Command, for the Good 
 and Safety of the Country, that thefe Mifcreants may be cut off. Root and 
 Branch : See that this be put in Execution without Fraud or Favour, or 
 elfe you mufi expeSi to be Treated as not true to the King and Govern- 
 ment, nor a Man fit to carry a Commijfion in the King's Service, expeB:- 
 ingyou will not fail in the fulfilling hereof, (as you love your felf. I fub- 
 fcribe thefe with my Hand-. 
 
 Robert Ducanfon. 
 
 For their Majefty’s Service, to Captain Robert Campbell of Glenlyon^ 
 As for Ducanfon's Orders, they bare the fame Date with the other ; 
 and are from the fame Place in thefe Words. 
 
 O g ,§ Sir, 
 
15 i 
 
 rhenisro^Tof 
 
 Sir, 
 
 P Er Second^ to the Commander in Chief, and my Colonels Orders to me 
 for putting in Execution the Service, Commanded againfi the Rebels 
 in Glenco, wherein you, with the Party of the Earl o/Argyle’s Regiment 
 under your Command, are to be Concerned ; yon are therefore forthwith to 
 order your Affairs fo, as that the fever al Pofis already Ajjigned, be by you, 
 md your feveral Detachments fallen in ABion, with Precifely by Five a 
 Clock to Morrow Morning being Saturday ; at which time, I will endea- 
 vour the fame with thefe appointed of this Regiment, for the other Places ; 
 
 It will be mofi necejfary you fecure thofe Avenues on the South-Side, that \ 
 the Old Fox, nor none of his Ciibsg'e? away : The Orders are, that none 
 he fpared under Seventy, nor the Government tron^edfS^th Prifoners. This 
 is all until I fee you, from , ^ j 
 
 Your Humble Servant, ^ | 
 
 James Hamilton.. 
 
 Pleafe to order a Guard to fecure the Ferry, and the Beats there ; and 
 the Boats muff be on tJois fide the Ferry after your Men are over. \ 
 
 For their Majeft'y's Service, for Major Robei't Ducanfon, of the Earl 
 of A.vg'^\C$. Regiment. 
 
 The Soldiers being difpofed Five or Three in a Koufe, according to | 
 the. Number of the Family they were to Aflahinate, had their Orders 
 given them fecretly : They had been all received as Friends by thofe j 
 Poor Peoplej vvho intending no Evil themfelves, little Sufpefted their 
 Guefts, defigned to be their Murderers. About five a Clock in the Morn- 
 ing they bega’n that Bloody ’Work, Surprized and Butchered Thirty | 
 Eight rerfonSj who had kindly received them under their Roofs. Mac- 
 jan himfelf w,as Murdered, and was much Bemoaned : He was a Stately, 
 well-favour’d Man, and of good Courage and Senfe, as alfo the Laird 
 of Archintrikin, .a Gentleni'an of more then ordinary Judgment and 
 llnderftanding, who had fubmitted to the Government, and had Co- 
 lonel Hilfis Prote’ftion in his Pocket, which hue got three Months before. | 
 none can wnthout Horror repeat, h.ow that a Boy, about Eight Years ' ' 
 of Age, was Murdered ; he feeing vrhat was dene to others in the Houfe 
 with him, in a lerribie Fright ran out of the Houfe,. and efpying Od'p- 
 taln grafped him about the Legs, crying for Mercy, and offer- 
 
 ing to be his Servant all his Lifcv I am informed Captain CampheUin- 
 dined to.fpare him, but one Drummond an Officer, ifearbatoufly run 
 
 his. 
 
SCOTL AN D. 
 
 his Dagger through him, whereof he Died immediately. .The Rehear- 
 fal of feveral Particulars, and Circumftances of this Story, makes it ap- 
 pear moft Doleful ; as that Macjan was Killed, as he was putting off 
 his Breeches, (landing before his Bed, and giving orders ta his Servants 
 for the good Entertainment of thofe that Murdered him ; while he 
 was fpeaking the Words, he was Shot through the Head, and fell Dead 
 in his Lady’s Arms, who through the grief of this, and other bad Ufages ■ 
 (lie met with. Died the next Day. it is not to be omitted, that moft of 
 thefe poor People were Killed when they were a Sleep, and none was al-. 
 lowed to Pray to God for Mercy. Providence ordered it fo, that the 
 Night was raoftBoifterous, fo as a Party of four hundred Men, who ihould 
 have come to the End of the other Glen, and begun the like W ork there 
 the fame Hour, (intending that the Poor Inhabitants Ihould beinclofed, 
 and none of them Efcape) could not March that length, till it was Nine 
 a Clock ; and this afforded to many, an happy opportunity of Efcaping, 
 and none were Killed, but thofe in whofe HouksCmpk/J ofGlenljon'sMu'i 
 were Quartered ; otherwife all the Males under Seventy Years of Age, fo 
 the Number of two hundred had been cut' off, for that tyas the Order, 
 and it might have eafily been Executed, efpecially confidering the InhabL 
 tants had no Arms at that time ; for upon the firft warning, that the Sol- 
 diers were coming to the Glen, they Convey'd them all out of the way ; 
 for though they had relyed upon the Promifes made them for their Se- 
 curity, yet they thought it not improbable, that they might be DifarmecL 
 I know not whether, to impute it to the Difficulty of Diltinguilhing 
 the Difference of a few Years, or to the Fury of the Soldiers, who be'- 
 ing once Glutted with Blood, (land at nothing, that even fome of above 
 Seventy Yeaxs of Age were Deftroyed ; they fet alfo the Houfes on Fire, 
 drove off all the Cattle to theGarrifon of luverlochy, wz, 9 coCows, 200 
 Horfes, and a great many Sheep and Goats, and there they were Divi- 
 ded among the Officers ; And how difmal may we imagine the Cafe of 
 the Poor Woiuen and Children then was? It was Lamentable, paft Ex- 
 preffion : Their Husbands, and Fathers, and neareft Relations, were for- 
 ced tu fly for their Lives, and tlicy therafelves almoft Stript, and nothing 
 left them, and their Floufes being Burnt, and not one Houfe nearer then 
 fome Miles ; and to get thither, they were to pafs over Mountains, and 
 Wreaths of Snow, in a Vehement Storm, wherein the moft of them 
 Periftied through Hunger and v.old : It fills me with Horror, to think 
 of Poor Children Stript, and Women, fome w'th Child, and fome gi- 
 ving Suck, Wreftling .agaihft Storms, in Mountains and heaps of Snow, 
 and at length to be overcome and give over, and fall down and Die i\Ii- 
 
 ferably ’ 
 
* s 84 rhe of 
 
 ferably : You fee in Hamilton's order to Ducanfon^ there is a fpedai 
 'Caution,' that the old Fox, nor none of his Cubs Ihould Efcape, and in 
 ■ Ducdnfon’s order to Captain Campbell of Gknlyon,\hsX the old Fox, not: none 
 of his Sms Efcape : Put notwithftanding, all this wicked Caution, it Plea- 
 fed God, that the two young Gentlemen, Maejans Sons Efcaped ; for 
 it happened that the younger of thefe Gentlemen, traded little to the 
 fair Promifesof Campbell, and had a more Watchful Eye over him, than 
 his Father or Brother, who fuffered themfelves by his reiterated Oaths, 
 to be deluded into a Belief of his Integrity ; he having a ftrong Impref- 
 lion on his Spirits, that fome Mifehievous Defign was hidden under 
 Clenlyon's Spacious Pretences, which made the Youth Retire to a private 
 Corner, where he had opportunity to obferve their Guards, without 
 being feen by them, and having feen feveral Signs of Danger, acquainted 
 his fider Brother, and they went to their Father, but he' was lb confi- 
 dent of Glenlyon's Promifes, that he would not give Ear to the Words 
 of Children, looking on their Account to proceed from Child! fh Fears, 
 but did not hinder them, to go again to make their Qbfervations, which 
 they did, and knowing the Skulking Places, they placed themfelves Se- 
 curely, where they ftaid till about a few Minutes before the Inhumane 
 Murder was begun, and hearing foiue bf the Guards fay to one another, 
 that they did not like this Work at all,- that they were willing to Fight 
 againft the Glenco Men, but that it was'Bafc to'Murder them ; but 
 another Anfwer’d, they were not tb be Blamed for it, they who gave the 
 Orders, were only Guilty, that they were obliged to Obey their Com- 
 manders. 
 
 The young Gentlemen hearing' this, 'Retired, as quickly and quietly 
 as they could, to inform their Father, but as they came near, they per- 
 ceived the Houfes Surrounded, and heard Guns Difcharged, and People 
 Shrieking ; they having no Arms, were not in any condition 'to Refeue 
 their Father, they Preferved their own Lives by flying, not doubting 
 to fee Juftice done upon thofe’Bafe, Treacherous Murderers, the Shame 
 of their Country, and Difgrace ofMankind. Two of the Officers fent 
 upon this Command, refuling to Joyn in lb Horrid a Faft, for which 
 they were fent Prifoners to Glafgow. 
 
 This isa'Trueand Faithful Account, bf the Horrid Murder ofGlenco, 
 which according to the Bafenefs of the Faft, exceeds any thing of that 
 kind, committed among Chriftians. This Murder was committed a- 
 bout 5 a Clock inThe ' MbrriIng, the 13 th of February, 1691, 
 
 James Hamilton and’ Robert 'Campbell, were the Commanding Officers 
 -in thi^ Horrid Murder : -This Murder was laid before the Parliament, 
 
SCOTLAND. 185 
 
 as all good People expefted to fee the Contrivers of the Horrid Faft 
 •duly Punilhed ; I'he Mafler of Stairs, now Earl, was Secretary of State, 
 and his Letter to the Lord Tivot, Commander in Chief, was Produced, 
 and feveral other things needlefs to be mentioned, but Colonel Hill, and 
 Colonel Hamilton, were Summon’d to appear, before the Parliament at 
 Edinburgh. Colonel Hill appeared and. Clear'd himfelf, but Hanilton 
 would' not Appear, but fled into Ireland, and was Voted Guilty of the 
 whole Murder, by his Flight, all, further knowledge of his Superior 
 Orders, ■were kept as a Secret from the knowledge of the World; Sir 
 John Lawder oi fountain H HI, refufed to be lOxide Lord- Advocate, un- 
 lefs he h.id liberty to Profecute the Murderers of Glenco, but the 
 Place was given to James Stewart, (w’ho was foon after Knighted, and 
 has ever fince Enjoy’d the Place of Lord Advocate. 
 
 Alkthe Nation being now quiet, and all t’ne Clans enjoyed their Poffef- 
 fions and Liberty, except the Laird Oi Glengary, who had his Gaftle taken 
 from him, and a Garrifon put therein ; and Sir John Maclane of Dowart, 
 who was Forfeited and Out lawed, and the Gift of his Plentiful For- 
 tune, given to the Earl of Argyle, wdio was afterwards Created Duke. 
 
 ^ The ijth of November, 1695. The Earl of Brodalbin was by the Par- 
 liament, Sitting, Impeached of High-Treafbn, but it was Dropt. But 
 the Earls of Middleton and Melfort, and Sir Adam Blair, were by Sea- 
 -tence -of Parliament, Out-lawed, and the Parliament was Adjourned to 
 the jth of November. 
 
 About this time, our Merchants Procured an Acf of Parliament, for 
 I Ereffing an Eajb- India Company, and after having been at vaft Expence 
 and Trouble .about that Affair, they were by their good Neighbours, 
 the People oi England, Out-witted in that Projeft, becaufe they found 
 'by that means, the People of Scotland might by degrees, underftand 
 that happy method of Trade, which is all that England could ever yet 
 exceed Scotland in. When firft they found the People of Scotla'nd un- 
 dertake this Projed, they made fome of their Merchants Joyn with 
 them in their Company, that they might with the more Eafe, baffle 
 their Defigns. The wfoole Progrefs of this Affair, being fo comrnon 
 in the Hillorics of this Reign, and in feparate Pamphlets, I iliall 
 fay no more of it, but that the Scots, after they had fitted out feveral 
 Fair Ships, with feveral Rich Commodities, and a Sufficient Force of 
 Men, well Supplyed with Arms and Ammunition; In the Year, i 6 yg. 
 they Landed at Darien, upon the IJihumes of America, and were kindly 
 received by the Inhabitants ; The Spaniards having no Colonies there, 
 nor did they defign to trouble the Scots but the Englipj : Firft, by their 
 
 H h h Agens, 
 
iS6 7he HlStO^^r of 
 
 gents, made the Spaniards complain againft the Scots, and feconded 
 , their Complaint, with orders to the Governors of their feverai Plantations 
 to give no Relief nor Affiftance to the Colonies of the Scots, and accord- 
 ing to their Orders, in April, 1699, a Proclamation was Publillicd at 
 Jamaica, Barbadoes, New-England and Nerv-Tork, to forbid all Commerce 
 with the^Sci)/-/ of Darien', and at the fame time AlTifted Spaniards, 
 who came down in great Numbers on thofe Colonies, fo that oiir Peo- 
 ple were Betrayed and Deftroyed by their Paithful Pellow-Subjedts of 
 England. 
 
 Ihe Parliament met at Edinburgh the of September, lyco. The 
 Duke of J^eensberry. being Commiffioner, delivered King William's Let- 
 ter, Promifing His Protection of the Company, and defiring that the 
 Forces for that Purpofe, might be Maintain'd, and a Supply given for 
 that Purpofe : The Parliament being then Adjourned, met again in Ko- 
 vember, and having Accounts of iht Colonies, quitting D/rr/V// ; the Na- 
 tion was in a great Uproar ; When they received by the Commiffion- 
 cr another Letter, wherein King William Declared, He was Concern’d 
 for not being Able to Maintain the Companies Right, of EflabliHiing 
 a Colony at Darien, without Difturbing the Peace of Europe. Great 
 Contention and Dillurbance arofe upon this, and many of the .Uventu- 
 rfrj- turned very Out-ragious, hut the Court- Party prevailed, and all the 
 Affair was Dropt. About this time great Motion was made for Uniting 
 the two Nations, but could not be Carried on. 
 
 March the u\th. Arrived an Exprefs at Edinburgh, with Orders to 
 Proclaim Princefs of Denmark, zx\(\ accordingly She was the fame 
 Day, Proclaimed at the Market-Crofs of Edinburgh, Ann by the Grace of 
 God,^jieen 0/ Scotland, England, France and Ireland, &c. And the 9th 
 of an Exprefs, for Declaring War againft France, which was Pro- 
 claimed with the Lifual Solemnity at the Market-Crofs, of everv Town 
 and] City in the Nation. 
 
 June the. 9th, 1702. The Parliament Met at Edinburgh, the Duke of 
 ^ueensberry being Commiflioner, and as he was about to Read the 
 Queen's Comraiffion, he was Interrupted by the Duke of Hamilton, who 
 ufth 80 other Members, of both Houfes, Protefted againft the Illegality 
 of the Meeting of the Parliament, the Duke delired to be heard, a'nd 
 in his own Name, and in the Name of thofe that adhered to him, fpoke 
 as follows. 
 
 We are come here in Obedience to Her Majefty's Command, and we are 
 aU heartily glad, of Her Majefly's Happy Accejjion to the Throne, not rneer^ 
 ly on Account that it was Her Eight, as being Lineally Defcended from the 
 
 Ancient. 
 
SCOTLAND. 
 
 187 
 
 Ancient Race of our Kings ybut likewife, becaufe of the many Ferfonal 
 Virtues and Royal ^lygalities^ Her Majefty is endowed with, which gives us 
 Ground to Hope, we fhall Enjoy under Her Aufpicioiis Reign, all the BleJ- 
 fings that can attend a Nation, which has a Loving and Gracious Soveraign, 
 Vniwdrwith a Dutiful and Obedient People : We are Refolved to Sacrifice 
 our Lives and Fortunes, in Defence of Her Majejly's Perfon and Govern • 
 merit againfi all Her Enemies. But at the fame time, that we acknowledge 
 our Submijfion to Her Majejiy's Autloority, We think eur felves Bound in 
 Duty, by Virtue of the Obedience, We owe to the Standing-Laws of the 
 Nation, and becaufe of the Regard we ought to have for the Rights of our 
 Fellow-SubjeSts, to Declare our Opinion, as to the Legality of this Meet- 
 ing, viz. Ehat We do not think our felves Warranted by Law, to Sitt and 
 Aii any longer, as a P arliament, and that by fo doing, we fioall incur the 
 hazard of lofing our Lives and Fortunes, if our Proceedings fhall come to 
 be ^jieftioned by Subfequent Parliaments. 
 
 Then his Grace Read a Paper, containing the Reafons of their Proteft,. 
 as follows. 
 
 Forafrnuch, as by the Fundamental- Laws and Cunjiitution of this King- 
 dom, all Parliaments do Dijfolve, by the Death of the King or ^jteen, ex- 
 cept in fo far, as Lnnovated by the 17 th Ad of the lafi Parliament of King 
 William, which was to Meet and AB: what Jhould be needful, for tire De- 
 fence of the Protejiant Religion, and Maintaining the Succejfion to the 
 Crown, as Settled by the Claim of Right, and for Preferving and Securing 
 the Peace and Safety of the Kingdom. And feeing that the faid Ends are 
 fully Satisfied by Her Majefly's Succejfion to the Throne, whereby the Reli- 
 gion and Peace of the Kingdom are Secured ; We conceive our felves not 
 now WarroMted by the Law, to Meet, Sitt or AB, and tljerefore do Dijfent 
 fronrany thing that fhall be Done, or ABed. And thereupon his Grace 
 took Infiruments, and Craved an Extract of his Proteft, and went out 
 of the Houfe with the other Members, who adhered thereto, and left 
 the other Part to Sitt and" Aft by them, felves ; in the mean time, the 
 Parliament went on, and the firfl; thing they did, was for their own 
 Security, by Palling an Aft, Declaring this Seffion, to be a Lawful and 
 Free Meeting of Parliament, Difcharging any Perfon to Difown, or 
 Impugne their Authority, under the Penalty of High-Treafon. Yet 
 when the Taxes they afterwards Impofed, came to be Uplifted, near one 
 half of the Nation refufed to Pay the fame, and all that could be Raifed, 
 was by Quartering Soldiers, and Poynding Goods, and the like Methods, 
 ufual in cafes of Deficiency. 
 
 Next 
 
1 88 The BlSTOJ(r of 
 
 Next the Parliament Proceeded to form an Ait, Recognizing Heir 
 Majefty’s Authority ; and another for the Security of the Presbyterian 
 Government \ - k\iA Alexander Bruce, upon Account of a Speech made a- 
 gaialt the, fame, wherein among other things he Affirmed, that Pm/iy- 
 was Inconfiftent with Monarchy ; he wasExpell’d the Houfe, The 
 Dean, and Faculty of Advocates, were purfued by the Lord-Advocate, for 
 having Pafleda Vote among themfelves, in favour of the Duke of Ha- 
 milton’s Proteftation, and after feveral Debates in Parliament, they were 
 Severly kepremanded. On the ayf/; of June, An Aft for Enabling'Her 
 Ma jelly to Name Corami ffi ners, to Unite the two Kingdoms, received the 
 Royal Alfent ; It was then propofed to the Parliament, that in regard 
 England had Settled the Succeffion on the Houle of Hanover, it would 
 be proper for Scotland to do the like; but this met v/ith fuch Oppofirion, 
 that the High-Comraiffioner, thought fit to Adjourn the Parliament on 
 the }d of July. This Parliament was DilTolved, and the 6 th of -May, 
 1703. a New Parliament was Call d, and the’ Duke Csf ^lueensherry, 
 was again made Commiffioner, and the Earl Chancellor : This 
 
 Parliament continued from the Date aforefaid, for four Years, during 
 which time, nothing Remarkable, or fit for Hiftory was Tranfafted in 
 Scotland, except the Treaty of the Union, whidi was the -main Bufincfs 
 ■of the Parliament all that time; about which there was' many Warm 
 Debates, and many Proteftations againft it ; notwithllanding of all which, 
 a powerful Party Prevail’d, and that Treaty was Concluded the i 6 th 
 Day of January, 1707. 
 
 The whole Tranfafticns of tlfat Tr-eaty, being fo very Intricate and 
 ■Tedious, that it is impoflible to give an Exafl Account of it, without 
 Expofing Perfons and Parties, which is’not the'Bufinefs of an impar- 
 tial Hiftorian ; which Defignation (though 'among the Weakeft)! have 
 the Ambition to Afl'ume, and I am Hopeful, my Impartial Reader, will 
 , do me the juftice' to Acknowledge, that 1 have with all poffible Exaftnefs, 
 given a Defcription of w'hat is necefiary, to'acquamt the Reader with’the 
 Ancient Hiftory, as v/ell as lateft 'Tranraftion of our Ancient Kingdom, 
 from the time that it firft became a ‘'Monarchy, until the Commence- 
 ment of the Union., 
 
 So any, who will begin where I End, muft call that Antient Nation, 
 .-North- 3 rittain,veh\Q\\ is this .20 3 7 Years paft, been known to the World, 
 by the Name of S CoT L ATSf'D. 
 
 F I N I S. 
 

 OF THE 
 
 E B E L L I 
 
 In the Year 1715, 
 
 MO N G the many and various Accounts of the Rebeilion, 
 which has been the Subjeft of many Sheers, 1 have never 
 Teen any fo very Brief, as an Account contain’d in a. Let- 
 ter from a Gentleman in Scotland to his Friend in New- 
 ^England', an exadt Copy whereofi have been obliged with ; and fince 
 I cannot contain the whole Proceedings of that Affair at Large, 1 
 humbly beg Leave to infert the Subftance of that Letter, which is 
 Sufficient to inform the Reader of the moft Material Paffages of the 
 Rebellion, as it was begun, carried on, and ended. 
 
 SIR, 
 
 A ccording to your Defire, 1 fiiall give you an Account of the tin- 
 fortunate Affair, in as few Words as I poffibly can 'contain ir= 
 j After the Difappointment at the Queen’s Death, the Party’s 
 
 t 'Hopes were again Elivated by the Promiflfes ofthc Fre^c^King, andfo 
 j they continued till May 1715, when they had fome Accounts, that 
 I the was removed from and every one believed 
 
 that he had every|thing Ncceffary to come over to Scotland, but thofe 
 Hopes alfo proved Fruitlefs ; fo that all their Hopes from Trance 
 expired, with the Kingi But the Earl of Mar having concerted Mat- 
 ters with certain Perfons in England, he left the Second of 
 
 A 
 
An Impartial ^ iC C O T" 
 
 and came down Privately by Sea to Scotland^ with one Gene- 
 ral and two Servants and croiTed Khz . Firth o{ /err/? in a 
 
 Boat, from Dunbar to Cr>7(?‘ .and went to the ]Lz\rd o( Ba'jour’s 
 Hoiife (hebcing married to General //^«w/7ri?>2’j- Daughter) from thence 
 my Lord Mar went to the Breas of Mar^ where his Lordfliip fent 
 Notice to feveral Noblemen and Geatlsmen, that he intended to 
 have a General Deer-Hunting, as was ulual in that Part of the Coun- 
 try at that Seafon ; The Perfons who met, were the Marquilfes of 
 Huntly^ Tulibardin^ ,iSeaforth and Drommond ; the Earls of Marjhall 
 .Linlithgow. ^^Southesk;, Strathmore.,3roadalbm, &Cx, the Lords Ki'fyth^ 
 StrathaUen,^ RoUo^ Ogilvy, Pitjligoand Duffus . the Lairds oTG/e;^/^^rr)^, 
 CUnronald^ Genco^Appin,^ Inner nytie^ Garntiillj, Balcasky, General Gordon,^ 
 and many other Gentlemen of the Firft and Bed Families 
 the Nation ; After Matters were cojicerted, in this Meeting, Or- 
 ders were given to get Fofieirion of the Strong Cadle of Edinburgh,, 
 'n which they fo far advanced, that one Mr. Arthur an Officer of 
 the Caftle, confented to them, and ordered every .tiling fo, that with 
 .Eafe it might been got ; but by bad 'Conduff the Attempt was fru- 
 drated, for-when they had fixed thcH' Ladder to the Wall, -and- having 
 1 he Centinal hired, on whofe. Eod it was fixed, yet the Officers (whi- 
 ther by Intelligence of the Attempt or not, ’tis not well known) with 
 a Party- went ov-er the feveral CentinaPPolls, about that Time, and 
 the Centinal who watched the Ladder, upon Sight cf the Officer 
 and Party, beat down-the Ladder, and fired his Piece, and gave the 
 Alarm ; upon which th« whole Party fled, and left one Captain Allan 
 Maclean \nho was Firft in the Ladder, one Mr. Ramfey, and two more 
 entangled in the Ladder under the Wall. (This Captain had 
 
 been formerly an Officer at Killicranky,) he was by the Fall very much 
 bruifed, as;alfo Mr..,iv^?wre^,andtheother Two.,were hurt, that they 
 could, not make their Llcape,- and were taken by a Party of the Town 
 G.uards, who ifllied forth at tht Weft-Port upon the Alarm. This 
 Difappointment was entirely ow'ing to the bad Conduft of a Certain 
 Perfon very .unfit for that or any Command. 
 
 The. .Earl of ,A/<3r being Re.moved from his Seat Killdrumy to 
 Logant,,m<^\ accordingly, on the Sixth of September the Earl of 
 )?cing joined by near 6oq Men, moA of them Gentlemen and their 
 .Servants fet.u.p the Standard, and Proclaimed ihz„Chevalier De St^. 
 TjEORG„E by the Naiiie and Stile of the Eighth King of Scot- 
 hnd, &c. The Number, daily Encu^afing ; and all poffible Care was 
 taken, that none fliould give the Enemy any Account of the Smallnefs 
 of the Number, and if any Account was given, it was,, that they 
 
 were . 
 
Of the EL LIO 
 
 were a looo !br every ico they really were, which Encouraged many 
 to mak-e all Hafte. to join them; and upon the Sixteenth Collonei 
 John I/ay^’S^cond Son to the Earl of Kimile furprifed and took the 
 Town of Perth, with about 3 o Gentlemen of Fife and their Servants, 
 the next Day the Earl of Strathmore came into Perth, with a good 
 Body of Foot, as alfo, the Earls of Sonthesk and Panmure, and the 
 M'after of Sinclair i'Lom Fife, with a Body of Horfe confiding of Gen- 
 tlemen and their Servants. By this Time the Duke of Jrgyle ar- 
 rived at Stirling, which allarmed the People at Perth ; upon which 
 the Earlofyifrfr Marched down to Perth with his Army, and the 
 Earl of Marjhal joined with a Squadron of Horfe, confifting of the 
 Gentlemen of Mers -md Aberdeenjh ire with their Servants. The 
 Earl ot had Notice of fome Anns and Ammunition being, in a 
 Small Velfel, lying in the Firth oppofite to Burnt-IJland, which were 
 put on Board to be fent to. the Earl of Sutherland, who was then 
 Defending tht North. The. Mafter . of with a Party 
 
 went down toFife, and with great Eafe got the Arms and Ammuniti- 
 on, and brought them to Perth. Ofiober the Fifth, the Marquils of 
 Hiintly came to Perth, with Two Squadrons of Horfe, and' fome 
 Foot, all to the Nimiber of' 700 ; the fame Day the whole Army 
 March’d from Perth to Fippermuiry where the Earl of Mar' Read 
 his Commiflion, and John Erskine of Alva, and CdWot\t\J6hh Hay 
 were fell t off to- with an Exprefs to the Chevalier.' Some 
 Days after all the Sea-port Town of Fife were taken into Pofleflion, 
 and a flrong Garrifon was put in the Caftle of Burnt Ifland. All this 
 Time,, the Clans with the Marquifs’of were raifing all the 
 
 Men they could in the Wefl- and North ; and met a Party of the 
 Monroes, Rojfes and Sutherlands at the Bridge of Annis'm Eaft 'Rofs, 
 but they fled, and the Clans Returned, and came Weji about to Inver- 
 lochy, but could not get . Pofleflion oFthe Garrifon. They took fome 
 Soldiers Prifoners in the Caftle of Glengarry, and fo proceeded over 
 the Country. But to Return to Perth, when Borlum Mackintojh, (with 
 the Laird of Mackintofh, the Chief of the C/i4«,) came to Pert/; with 
 about 700 Men,, the Earl of Mar had Notice fr^im the Lord Vif- 
 count 'irc/zwarc,-. that' many People were in Readinefs, both in the 
 South of Scotland;, and m England-, xi'pon which, the Earl of Man ov~ 
 dered the Mackintofhes, and a . Party of Lowland Foot, to'pafs over the 
 Firth of Forth to join them, -which they accordingly'didj'and land- 
 ed fafe on the South Side;, except the Earl of Strathmbre,and fome of 
 his Menwere chaced by a Man of War, and put into the Iflarid of 
 
 - 
 
An Impartial AC COIL 3\(^ T 
 
 May^ and were oblig'd to return to Perth; and ’a-nother Boat was 
 taken by a Man of War, wherein was Mr. D/«z;z^/ Son to 
 Sir David Threpland of F/Kg’zz/^and fome other Gentlemen, who were 
 carried Pri (oners to Edinburgh i 
 
 Brigadier Mackintod) having got fafe over, took PoflTeffion of Seaton 
 Houfe, and from thence Marched into Leiih^ and Fortified the Ci- 
 tadel ; whereupon Notice was fent to the Duke of Jrgyle to Stirling 
 who came with a Body of the Forces towards Edinburgh; the Earl 
 of Mar having Notice thereof, Marched the whole Army out of 
 Perth the Fifteenth of Offerer, and Quartered about Auchterarder that 
 Night, and the next Day, Mnx\\td. to Dufiblain^ and were in Arms 
 all that Night. TheReport ofthis March made the Dukeof v^rgjy/? 
 return in great Halle from where his Grace faw Mackintojh's 
 Party well- Fortified in the Citadel, but did not offer (as he found it 
 impoffible) to diflurb ’ them ; The Earl of Mar returned with the Ar= 
 my to Perth ; and Mackintojh Marched from Leith (Iraight to the 
 Borders, and foon aften was joined by the Earls of Nithfdale^ Win- 
 ton, Carmvath, V\Ccotmt Kenmure, and a Number of Gentlemen and 
 their Servants. I had almoft forgot to take Notice, that the Lord 
 Nairn and Lord Charles Murray Third Son to the Duke of Athole 
 went over' with the Mackintojhes. • When t\)t\\Cco\a'iit Kenmure with 
 the other Noblemen and Gentlemen joined the Highland Army, they 
 had Notice from the Englijh, who wtx6 in Arms, and a Motion was 
 made by fome, to go'thither to join them ; but great Divifion arof- 
 upon it, and when at lad it was refolved,, many-)pf the Highland Foot 
 .deferted, as alfo fome of the South Country Gentlemen returned. 
 However they proceeded, and joined with the who were then 
 
 wdthoutany one Commander. But as foon as tht Scots join’d them 
 they made Mr. Fo'rrefier t'hzit General. At th-is Time the Marquefs 
 of 'Seaforth's Men had taken PolTeffion of the City of Invernefs, the 
 Earl of Sutherland having' rmde his 'Eicape in a'Ship : Sir John Mac- 
 kenzde of Coul was made Gbvefnour of it, and a Sufficient Garrifon 
 put in it, 'and the Reft of their Men with the -under the Com- 
 mand of Major G'eneral George Gordon'Jj-d.\rAo{ Achintowk, beaun 
 their 'March tmVar’ds Perth. ' K)\ this Time happened nothirig Re- 
 markable ?Lt Perth, blit a tarty which went' down to LLfe, being c&ve- 
 lefTly 'Ouattered- in ppifermling,' wterd furprifed- in the Night by 
 a Party of Drdgoons from Stirling, and they getting out of their 
 :Beds fired upon them, and Received feveral Shots from the Dragoons, 
 ‘they loft one Mr. Forbefs and two more; the Dragoons retired, and 
 
Of the fiESELLlOS^. 
 
 the next Day the Party returned to Perth. The Clans being adtaci- 
 ced towards Perth, the Length of Auchterarder, General Gordon 
 with the Laird of and all the Chieftains came into Perth, 
 and after fomc Days Confultation, a Council of War Determin’d 
 the whole Army to March out of Perth, and to kave Colloncl Ball- 
 /j«r theGovernour, with the Lord Battalian, and the Inha- 
 bitants to keep the Town, and on the Eighth of the whole 
 
 Army Marched to Auchterarder and Quarted there, and in the 
 Circumjacent ViDages ; and refted the Ninth ; The Tenth the Array 
 being joined by the Marquefs of Seaforth’s Men, to the Number of 
 1500, and the Earl of Broadalboin's Men, the Number of 500, and 
 2'^ooClans \ the whole Army being Reviewed on the Muir of 
 Tulibardin, the whole Number was about 7800. The two Regi- 
 ments of Lord George Murray, and John Stewart Laird of Inner, 
 nyte were then in Fife, and were ordered to March to join the 
 Army; but they did not come up till after thcAftion it Dunblain. 
 After the Review, the Army returned at Night, to the fame Places 
 where they had Quartered the Day before, and refted the Eleventh ; 
 
 I and the Twelfth they drew up at Auchterarder, and Marched to Ar- 
 doch, where the Earl of Mar ordered Lieutenant General Gordon, 
 Brigadier Ogilvie, and the Mafter of Sinclair, with two Squadrons of 
 Huntlfs, and the Ej/e Squadron of Horfc, and all tht Clans to March 
 and take Poffeflion of Dunblain, and the Reft of the Army to parade 
 at Ardoch. The Earl of Mar went to Drummond Caftlc, to meet the 
 Earl of Sroadalboin, and ordered General Hamilton to have the Army 
 in Readinefs, to March upon the Firing of three Cannon ; hear- 
 [ ing nothing from General Gordon till near Sun-fet, the Army was 
 difpofed to lye there all the Night; but a Little after the Guards 
 I were Pofted, the Earl of returned to the Army, and immcdiatc- 
 I ly after an Exprefs. arrived, giving an Account,. that General 
 I Tiad Certain Account, that the Duke of Argyle with his whole Army 
 j was fn and about Dunblain ; Upon which, an Exprefs was Difpatched 
 ! 'to General Gordon to Halt tiB the whole Army came up, which they 
 did; and the Three Guns were Fired; and the Army formed 
 immediately, and Marched up to Lieutenant General Gordon, and 
 Encamp’d at Kinbuck, within a fmall Mile of Dunblain, where the 
 whole Army lay .under Arm^ all the Night (it being then very ftrong 
 Froft, they lay Dry enough, whither Cold or not you may Judge.) 
 
 Sunday the Thirteenth of Orders was given for the whole 
 
 Army to Form on the Muir, to the Left Hand of the Road that 
 
 B leads 
 
An Impartial ACCOUS^T 
 
 ’sads to Dunhhin^ fronting to Dunblain^\ the General Perfons were 
 ordered to their Pods. The Stirling Squadron with the Standard, 
 and two Squadrons of the Marquefs of H'untlfs Horfe formed the 
 Kight of the Firft Line of Horfe; all the Clans formed the Right 
 of the Firft Line of Foot ; the Perthjhire and Fife Squadrons formed 
 the Left o-fthe Firft Line of Horfe ; the Earl Marjhal's Squadron on 
 the Right of the Second Line ; three Battalions of the Marquefs of 
 Seaforth-^s Foot ; two Battalions of the Marquefs of Hunt If s Foot; 
 the Earl oi P^nmire's) the Marquefs of the Marquefsof 
 
 Drummond's Commanded by the MW'QQMntStrathaUan and Logialmond^ 
 and the Laird of Strowan's Men, and the Angus Hdrfe on the Left' 
 formed the Second Line* WhcivtheArmy wasForming they difeovered ; 
 a fmall Body of the Duke of Argyle's Horfe, on the Height of the 
 IVejt End of Sheriffrnuire^ which looks to Dunblain ; from w' hence 
 they could eafily Difeover the Earl oi Mar's whole Army. The Earl 
 of Mar called a Council of War, Confifting of all the Noblemen, 
 Gentlemen, General Officers and Heads of the Clans^ where it was 
 Voted to Fight the Duke ox Argyle's Army Nemine Contradicente'y 
 upon which the Earl of ordered the Earl Mirjhall'Mfpv . 
 
 ral of the Horfe ; with his own Squadron, and Sir Donald Macdo- 
 Battalionto March up to the Height, where they fawthcBody 
 of Horfe, and to di (lodge them, and fend an Account of their Motions. . 
 He no fooner begun his March, but they difappeared, and the-wholc 
 Army by the General’s 'Orders begun their March. The Lines 
 Marched off'the Right, and divided in the Center, and Marched up 
 The Hill in Four Lines. After Marching about a Quarter of a Mile, 
 tile Id'cixX Marfljall kni back Word, Fbat he faw the Enemy Forming 
 their Lines very near him^ to the. South of the Fop of the HiU \ upon , 
 which, the Army (particularly the Horfe) wuas ordered to March • 
 up very quickly, and Form ^to the Enemy; but by the breaking of 
 their Lines, in Marching 'off, they fell in fo.me Confufion in' the 
 Forming, and fome of the Second Line jumbled into the Firft, on . 
 or near the Left, and fome of the Horfe, which fhouid havebeen on 
 the Left Wing formed near the Center; which left the Lowland Foot • 
 without any Horfe, and the Strength of the Duke, of Afmy , 
 
 of Horfe were on his Right W'ihg againfi ‘them. 
 
 The Earl al Mar placed himfelf by the Standard, with the Stir-- 
 ling Squadron on the Right of the Clans \ General Cordonhzving 
 liie Command of them, as foon as they came in Sight of the Enemy, 
 Orders was given to Attack them, and accordingly James and Wil- 
 
 lim. . 
 
Of the ^E^EL L10S\C- 
 
 Vtm the Brethren oi Donald MacdonaUl^ the Laird of Gdengarry 
 the Captain of Clanronald^ Macdonald of Glenco^^iv John Maclean Cam'pl 
 bed. of Glenlyon^ and Brigadier <9g/7z//>, with Collonei Gordon of 
 Glenbukket made a molt Furious Attack; fo that in 17 or 18 
 Minutes, they broke through the' whole Left Wing of the Duke of 
 Argyle's Army ; fo that they could not perceive the Form of Battal- 
 lion nor Squadron, but drove them for about half a Mile; but while 
 this was a doing, there was Notice brought to the Earl of that 
 the Lowlanders on the Left Wing, and moftof the Second Line bad 
 given Way, and that Argyle's Right Wing was purfuing them, and 
 had taken their Artillery ; whereupon the Earl of Mar gave Orders 
 to the Horfe, to Wheel,- and when they had put the Horfe and Foot 
 in all the Order they could; they Marched back with them over the 
 Field of Battle ; but when they were on the Top of a Little HiU, 
 they perceived a Squadron of the Gray Dragoons Advancing, but fee- 
 ing the Number, they turned back, and fled down the Hill, and joined 
 the other Dragoons, and a fmall Body of Foot in the Low Ground, 
 and as foon as they faw the Earl of Mar Advance they Marched in- 
 to Dunblain. All this Time the Highland Foot were Bufy Plunder- 
 ing the Field of Battle, and the Earl gave Orders to fearch for all 
 Perfons of Note, which were Miffing; Kho Ear\ of Strathmore was 
 found Dead to the great Affliftion of all the Army, as alfo the Lofs 
 ofthe Laird of was very much lamentedhy his Friends, they 
 
 both being taken up, as were every one they could know ; about Day-fet 
 there was Orders given to March to the Adjacent Villages, which they 
 did; but many had not better Quarters than they had the Night before. 
 
 There are various Accounts of this Skirmiffi (for a Battle it was 
 not) for altho’ both Armies had their Artillery near the Field of 
 Battle, none of them were madeufe of-; and^the Duke of Argyle had 
 Polfeffion of the Earl of Mar's Artillery, as alfo the Earl of Mar 
 had Polfeffion of the Duke’s Artillery, but each of them paft by them 
 without medling any further than the Duke’s Dragoons broke Two 
 of the Carriages of the Earl of Mar's Guns. The Misbehaviour of 
 the Left Wing was by fome- imputed to the bad Conduct of 
 Gtn^raX Hamilton^ and ’tis allcdged, that one Laurence Drummond a 
 Lieutenant in the Duke of Argyle' s Arm'} ^ who fomeTime before that 
 came over to the Earl of Mar's Army, and being fome diftant Rela- 
 tion of the Marquefs of Drumond, ho was made Aid du Camp to Ge- 
 neral Hamilton and was ordered by the General, to take Notice of 
 the Motion of the Right Wing,where the Earl of Mar was, while 
 
 General 
 
An Impartial AU0U3\C^ 
 
 General Hamilton was giving Orders to the Center and Left Wingi 
 and, that this Drummond foon as the Aftion begun on the Right 
 Wing, he came in great Surprife to the General, and Swore that the 
 Earl of Mar was Slain, and the Standard taken, and begged that the 
 General might draw off the Army to fome more advantagious Ground, 
 and ’tis fliid the General was fo Difcouraged, that inftead of giving 
 any Orders, he Rode ftraight off ; and Drummond went ftraight into 
 the Duke ot Argyle’s Army. Be it as it will, the Left Wing mif- 
 bchavedgrofly ; and indeed, they loft more Men in their Flight than 
 thofe who Fought ; fo that of all the alledged Number of Men, the 
 Earl of Mar had not above a 3 oo did engage Clofc, and the Regi- 
 ment of Lord George Murray ind Innernyte were not come up to join the 
 Army, and the Maegregors and Maepherfons were left to fecure the 
 Pafs of the River of JUan^ and did not at all advance to join the 
 Army. 
 
 Monday the i 4 th the Earl of Mar Drew out his Scattered Army 
 Early in the Morning to the Roman Camp at Jrdoch, and about Ele- 
 ven a Clock, they perceived fome Squadrons of the Duke of 
 Horfe upon the Hill near the Field of Battle; and foon after. Ac- 
 count was brought they were with the reft of the Army, gone into 
 Stirling. Ofthe Duke of Jrgyle*s Army thcEarl ofFbr/^/rwasdeadly 
 wounded, but the Earl of (outofRefpeft to him,) fent one Cap- 
 tain Thomas Calder with his Lordfhip to Stirling : Captain Calder 
 was Kindly entertain’d by the Duke of and permitted to Return. 
 
 The Prifoners taken in the Battle were LieutenantColonel Laurence 
 of Montague'?, Regiment, 12 Captains and Subalterns 200 Ser- 
 jants and Ccntinalls, befides the Laird of ’Clenkindii^ with 4 pair of 
 Collours, 1500 (land of Arms, and by fome Accounts they alledgc, 
 that there were but 7'Or 800 Slain in the Field, but I’ve heard fcvc- 
 ril Perfons fay, there were no Lefsthen 1200 Slain, and wounded. 
 Of the Earl of Mar's fide fevcral Prifoners were taken on the Left 
 Wing of the Gentlemen, zx\d LovrJanders) but ’tis not believed there 
 was above \ 6 o Slain in the Field ; The Earl of who had re* 
 
 ccived feveral Wounds in his Head was taken Prifoner, but by the 
 hafty Retreat of the Enemy, he was Refeued by his Brother Mr. 
 Henry Maule and his Servants. 
 
 The Duke of Argyle's Officers were by my Lord Mar's Orders ci- 
 villy entertain’d among the Gentlemen in the Army, nor were they 
 at any time Confined to any Clofe Prifon. The Army Marched back 
 to their former Quarters at Auchterarder^ and refted the lyrh ; and 
 
 Wedmfday 
 
of the E L L 10 
 
 ■Wednefday the i6th ihey canton’d at/out Dupline Forglen^ and the Ad- 
 jacent Villages; and -the lyidrrhey Marched into Perth. 
 
 Saturday the 19th the Earl of Mar Received -a Letter From Bi ig>- 
 dler Mackintojh^ dated from Preflon Sunday the 1 3 th, Giving an Ac- 
 count of their AQion, and hopes of Victory over General IVills^ and 
 Orders was given forpublick Rejoycing the next day being Snnday^bili 
 in the Midft of the Rejoycing, the Difmal Account of the Surrender 
 oi Pre(ion came into Perth: The particular A.ccoLint of that Atfion. 
 and the Coniequences thereof, T reckon you have before now frniu 
 fomeofihofe Unfortunate Perfon-s, w'howere VVitnelfesofiu; therefore 
 ihall not take any Notice of it, butco-ntinuetheThreadofiriy Storyin 
 fo far as-concerns the Party in Scotland. After the Accounts were 
 brought to.Perth of the Surrender of Prejfoti, and many of thofe who 
 had fled from the Battle o{ Sherriffmiire ftraight Home ; ths 
 Number then at Perth being very fevv, many of the Principal Perfons 
 begun to Grumble, which occafion’d great Difturbance at info- 
 nvjch that the Earl of Mar hzd much to do to pacify them. The Dit- 
 contented Perfons held fcveral Meetings, and were QzWtd^Fhe Crumbling 
 of which the Marquifs of Huntly was the Chief Tool, for the Ma- 
 iler of Sinclair and Sir Robert Gord(moiGordonfton^LtdhhlLQxdih\^\iy 
 the Nofe. Their Letters to the Duke of were intercepted, and 
 
 brought to the Earlof upon which they with all the Members oftbe 
 Club, .pretended to come into my Lord Mar's Meafures, and make all 
 up. But then the Earl of Sutherland had Repoffefs’d himfelf of Inver, 
 nefs, tbt Grumbling Clumb^ (at lea ft thofe who Ruled" the Marquifs 
 of Huntly,) Contrived to get a Commiflion to March North 
 their Forces to rtVikt Inver nefs, to which the Earl of Mar Confented, 
 and the Marquifs with the Mafter of Sinclair, Brigadier Ogilvi: 
 and Sr. Robert Gordon his Governours, with all his Horfe and Foot 
 left Perth, and Marched Home, the Marquifs of Seaforth liad alfo at 
 that Time gone North to Recruit his Forces after the Battle, wliich 
 he was fome time about, it beingthen in the midft of Winter and a 
 prodigious deal of Snow on the Ground, he could not be very Expe- 
 ditious in gathering them. In the mean Time when the Earl of 
 Mar Expefted the Marquifs of Huntly to have gone again ft Invemefs, 
 he had an Interview with the Lord Rhaeat Elgin, and agreed upon a 
 Celfttion of Arms : And Treated by the Lord Rhae with the Earl of 
 Sutherland for a Proteftion or Pardon from the Government ; which 
 •tis believed he procured at that Time, tho’ he could not get alibis 
 
 C G©ver- 
 
An Impartial ACC Oil 5\(^ T* 
 
 f^overnours Includocl. The Marqnifsof Seaforth at Laid having fome of 
 his Forces in Readinefs to attack Invernejs on t\\t North fide, lent No- 
 tice to the Marquifs of Huntly, but could have no Anfwer from him, 
 further than it was not fit to Stir till after the Chrifimafs Holy days, 
 upon which all Hands went to Work toKccpChrifimafs^ as did many 
 of the Nh>hility and Gentery from Perth to their own Houfes, not 
 Suipecfing any Difiurbance till Spring. About the 15th of December 
 the Marquifs of Pirimoutb^ the Lord General General 
 
 General Cook, with leveral other Engiijh and Iri[h Gentle- 
 nten and Officers, with Sr. John Erskin of Alva, and Colonel John 
 ihy, arrwed from France, and Brought near ico,cco Lewisdors of 
 French Gold with them, andfomeArms, but one of the Ship’s being 
 Stranded in St. Andrew's Bay, feveral Things were Loft in the Ship. 
 
 On Friday the 2ld of December, the Chevalier Land-ed in Peterhead, 
 having come from France in a fmallVeflel, attended by Captain Adan 
 Cameron, Brother to the Laird of Lochyell, one Engiijh, and one 
 Uijh Gentleman ; He lay that Night in the Houfeofone Park in chat 
 Town, and the neXt day being Saturday the 24 th he paft Incognito ^ 
 Through Aberdeen to Fitterejfo, the Countefsof Houfe, where 
 
 he Incognito till Wednefday the 27th, When the Earls oh Mar 
 MAzjhail, Sautbeske, Linlithgow, the Marquifs of Tinmouih, with a . 
 Number of Noblemen and Gentlemen, came to him, to Whom he 
 Difeovered himfelf, and after Staying there till the 3 ift. He removed . 
 to ICi.nard, the Earl of So.utheske's Houfe, and from thence to 5 rZc/!?- 
 en, the Earl oh Ptinnnire's Houfe, and from that to the Laird ofG^r/?- 
 isnliy'f Houfe; and Saturday he went to Glames, the Countefs of 
 Strathmore's El.Qufe, and went from thence to Dundee, and en- 
 tered the Town attended by all the Nobility and Gentry ; from thence 
 lie went to Sr. David Threpland's Houhh, at Fingask^and the next Day 
 loScoon. He entered the 9th of January, and had the Curiofi- 
 ry to view the Highlanders it) their Drefies, and fo return’d to Scoon. 
 About this Time News was brought of the Landing of 6000 Dutch 
 and i’n’/ A Soldiers with GetieralC<t;L|.««, who came fpeedily to Stirling. 
 This News occafion’d Great Confulion at the 28th the Duke 
 
 of ArgylC' and G^nttaX Cadogan Marched their Army from Stir, 
 ling, upon which a Council of War was held at Perth, where the 
 Chieftains of the Clans voted co Fight, but it was at Laft determin’d 
 to make a Retreat to Aberdeen, and fend Notice to Huntly and Seafortb 
 to. come up with their Forces, General Ecclinhavmg been fome Time 
 withtherameCT^^ ; Buthis Lordfliip had play’d 
 
 his 
 
Of the EL L103\C. 
 
 his Cards another Way. The 3 othof January the Chevalier with his 
 Army Marched out oi Perth towards and the 4 th o( February^ 
 
 the Chevalier and the Earl oiMar Received Letters from the Marquifs 
 of Huntly'y The Contents were not publiflied. But that Night He 
 Marched into Montrofs^ and the Army were ordered to continue their 
 March to Aberdeen. Guards were fet as formerly on his Lodgings, 
 where the Earls of Mar, Marjhall, Soiitheske^ Panmure, with many 
 of the Nobility and Gentry, held a Confultation, and it was Deter- 
 mined that the Chevalier Ihould take Shipping for and Accor- 
 
 dingly betwixt I and 2 in the Morning he went on Board an Iriili Ship, 
 accompanied by the Earls of Panmure.^Melfort^ Drummond.^ and 
 Lieutenant General^ttf^^, afrd Sheldon^ and feveral other of the No. 
 bility and Gentry, and the Earl of MarJhal}Ad.VQheh\tito Aberdeen^Nith 
 the Army, and on Monday the 6th He called a Council of War where 
 it was determined that every one fliould ilii ft for themlelves; nor had 
 they any time to Conlult, for the Duke of Angle's whole Army was 
 within a Days March of Aberdeen -. Upon, which every one Confulted 
 their own Safety.- Moft part of the. Nobility went over the Mountains 
 to the Weft Coaft to wait for Ships from Prance, which in liome Days 
 Anlwered their Expeftatiqn, and another Party of the Nobility and 
 Gentry with the Lord Dnffuf, General Collonel John Hay, and 
 
 about 160 Gentlemen, went through Murray to a Little Fiflier Town 
 called Brough-head, belonging to the Lord -Huffus, who procured 
 Boats for them all, but they were obliged to part with a Number of 
 very fine Horfes, but did not Kill any of them as fome al- 
 ledge. They landed at Dunbeth in the Shire of Caithnefs^.and Crofting 
 over that Country they were furniflied with Boats by Sr. James Sinelair 
 of Mey, Brother in Law to the Lord Dujfus^ and landed in the Ifles 
 olOrkneyy where they ftayed fome Days, and divided into two Parties ; 
 one Party found, a fqiall Merchant Ship which they hired, and fet to 
 Sea in, and landed in Holland, jhe other Party, where the Lord 
 D H ff us and Genevd\ Ecclin was, had a French Ship fen t to them, on 
 Board of which they went, and landed at Gottenbourg in the King of 
 Sweden’’ s Dominions : They landed there juft as his Majefty was with 
 an Army upon his Expedition to Norway, they were very Kindly Re- 
 ceived and Entertained by the King’s Orders. Some of them offer- 
 ed their Service to his Swedijh Majefty, and were for fome Time in 
 his Army. 
 
 Amongft thofe that went to the Highlanders, were the Marquees 
 of Tlnmouth, EuUhardin, and Sfafortby of- MarpalJ, Souths sk- 
 
An Impartial At COIL LJ\(^ T” 
 
 and Linlithgow \ Vifconnts, Ki/Lfyth, Kingflon, and Dundee", Lords 
 PitJUgo, RoHo^ Burleigh^ Lord George Murray. They kept a Body of 
 the C/(i«y together for fome Days, until there arrived Ships from 
 Frayice. where moft of them -Embarked ; but the Young 'Gentleman 
 the Marquifs of Linmoiith, finding the Froft and Snow, and the 
 Bad Quarters in the Hills very uncomfortable, he took his Courfe 
 with one CoHonel Bulkley down towards Fife^ and after Teveral Nights 
 Travel, and Days Reff, he was guided to the Lord Sinclair's Honfe 
 in Dyfert, and was there Entertain’d for feveral Days, and by the 
 Diligence of Mrs. Elizabeth Sinclair, (Daughter to the faid Lord 
 Sinclair, fince Married to the Earl ot IFeems) he with Mr. Bulkley 
 and fome other Gentlemen, had aShip provided for them, and landed 
 in F^ahcei Thus the whole Army were Difperfed ; the Nobility 
 ■and Gentry xts many as could have Opportunity, were carried off 
 others Skulked for fome Time in the Country, and fbme Surrender’d 
 themfelves to His Grace the Duke of Argyle, who indeed was. a 
 very Generous and Lender Enemy. Such as w'ere taken at 
 of the Lord Army w'ere Priloners in the Cafiles of Stirling and 
 Blacknefs", among whom were the TiCcount ■ Strathaddn, Lairds of 
 'Barrowfield, Loli, Drummond,' Murray oC Auchertyre, 
 
 Mr. Fho. Drummond, Brother tb the Vifeount Strathallan, 'with fe- 
 veral other Gentlemen and Officers. Thofe who Surrendered to the 
 Duke of Argyle, or were taken, were put in the Eolbooth of Edinburgh 
 and Cannongate, and the Ear\‘onVintords Lbdging in the Cannongate, 
 w'as made a Prifon for -fome' Time ;■ and,, lit the Cafileof Edinburgh 
 were the Earls of Wigton, Vifeount Stormount, Lord Desk- 
 
 ford, Mr. Lockhart of Carnwath, tlie Laird of GarntuUy ; 
 they were Difcharged by the Benefit of the Habeas Corpus kC(, in 
 July and the Prifoners in Stirling Caftle zndBlackneJs wereFirli 
 
 .removed to Edinburgh, and' then by Orders from the Court of Eng- 
 land, they were carried xo Carlijle \x\ England -.Thtf fet out from E- 
 dinburgh the Third of September 1716 ,- being in Nhimber about 80, 
 they were Guarded xoCarlifle by a Regiment of Dragoons, and ano- 
 ther of Foot, and arrived z.xHarlijle the Tv\'dftli of the laid Month. 
 When their Tryal came on, feveral Learned Advocates went from. 
 Edinburgh to plead before the Englijh Judges ; Mr. Alexander 
 ■Hay and Mr. James -Graham being two of the inofl Noted, they 
 (infilled very Wanr.ly upon the -Breach of the Articles of the 
 Union, and that the Court of Ju/ticiary in Scotland being a 
 ciJompe’tent Judicaro-ry, they fiad . no Flight to try fuch as 
 
Oi xhe ^ES EL L10 3^. 
 
 had Tranfgrefled in Scotland^ after long Debate, the Judges were far 
 more Favourable than they Defigned to the Prifoners; and in the 
 End they were all acquitted, and after fome Months Imprifonment, 
 they were Difcharged. This is all the Account I can at this Time 
 give you, of fo far as concern’d, of this Affair in Of thofe thar 
 
 were taken Prifoners at Prefton in England were executed the Vifeount 
 Kenmure^ Archbald Burnet LairdofC^r//yj/, Qz'gx. Philip Lockhart^ Bro- 
 thertotlieLairdofGjrwir^jr/?, Major Jo Son loBaylie Nairn in 
 Edinburgh ^ Enfign Erskinpfames Drummond^ Brother to Sir Jo^«'Dr«w- 
 mond of Innermay^ Captain Thomas Bruce^ David Drummond ofVnder- 
 meath, Kennedy ^George Gibfonfieorge Mackinto[h^ Hercules Durham^ 
 
 Donald Robertfon^ John Hunter^ Alexander Drummond^ John Macgilu- 
 ray, William Black, Donald Macdonald, Rodrick Kennedy^ John Ord. 
 In all, about Twenty were Executed. The Vifeount Kenmure was 
 beheaded on Tower-Hill, and his Corps was carried by Sea to Xozrf;, 
 where it was received by a Number of his Lordlhip’s Relations in 
 Mourning, and was Convoyed to his Burying Place at Kenrnureia 
 Galloway. The Reft of the Gentlemen were decently Buried in the 
 feveral Towns where they were Executed. 
 
 Befides thofe Executed, there died in the feveral Prifons Thirtyfix, 
 and about Ninety-Eight were Tranfported ; the moft part of them 
 being Highlanders with feveral Gentlemen ; Whereas in Scotland 
 none were Executed at all, Except one John Knox, who was fliot at 
 Perth for Deferring, and a Serjeant of the Caftle of Edinburgh, who 
 was to have affifted in getting the Caftle to the Party, that attemp- 
 ted taking of it. 
 
 Here, Sir, I have given you the neareft Account that I can of this 
 Affair, as it was Begun, Carried on, and Ended ; But only that when 
 I ^he Aft <o{ Indemnity was paft in 1717, all thofe that were skulking in 
 
 I fhe Country (unlefs Excepted) pleaded the Benefit thereof, and all 
 
 ■ that had gone out of the Nation were Outlaw’d, and Prices put on 
 
 ' many of their Heads, if they can be Apprehended in either of the 
 
 Three Kingdoms of Scotland, England or Ireland. 
 
 I muft not forget to tell you, that when the Chevalier returned from 
 Scotland to France, he went to Avignon, as being under the Pope’s So- 
 I vereignty and Independant of But the Regent joining with 
 
 England and Holland in the Triple Alliance, made thK Chevalier leave 
 Avignon ; from whence he went over the Alps to Vrbino. But what 
 I defign to take Notice of was t That at while the Duke 
 
 of ORMOND W3.S there, he accufed the Lord Vifeount Bolingbrook 
 
 D (who 
 
An Impartial A C C 0 U T 
 
 vvviio had deferted the Court oi England^ and was made Secretary at 
 St. Germans) of having Difapj^ointed him, in not giving the Arms, 
 Ammunition, and Money, which he was to carry over to England I 
 whereupon the DuJke in his own Vindication, Exhibited a Chargea- 
 gainft the Vifcount, who ,was by the Noblemen Refiding there, Tryed 
 and found to be the Author of their greateft DifappointmentstSome 
 were fo very hot upon the Matter, that nothing lefs then taking his 
 Life would fatisfy them; but as they hadnoLawfuI Authority for fuch 
 Meafurcs, they only Reprehended him, and ordered him to depart 
 their Court; he offered all that he could invent in his owu Vindica- 
 tion, but could not clear himfelf : Whereupon he retired to live Pri- 
 vate in fome Solitary Place, with Defign (as he faid) to Refleft on 
 the Unhappy Lives of Statefmen and Courtiers, and to enjoy fuch 
 Pleafure, Eafe, and Solitude as ever muft be unknown to Politicians 
 and Party-men in this World, ;! This being the beft Account I can 
 give you at this Time, of this Affair; until I may have a further Op- 
 portunity, to give you a full Account of the whole Circumftanccs 
 thereof at Large, I hope you’ll accept of it, with my belt Wiflies., 
 f Conclude with Affurance of being, 
 
 A 
 
Geographical Defcriptton 
 
 SCOTLAND. 
 
 S CD. M. P CD. M.p 
 
 GOTLAND is Scituated betwe*n< lo. oo. >of Longitude Latitude. 
 
 1 17« 50 * J C OO- j 
 
 The Longed Day is 17 Hours 27 Minutes. Shorted Day is ^ 
 Hours 3 3 Minutes. 
 
 Its Length is about 3 < 5 o Miles, but its Breadth is very Difpropor. 
 tionable; the greated Didance -from the Eait Sea to the Wed Sea is 
 not above 160 Miles. 
 
 The Kingdom is divided by the River lorth into two Glades, viz. 
 From the Antient March called Adrian's Wall in the South Border, 
 to the River Forth, is the South Clafs ; and all from the faid River 
 to Duncan' s-Bay- in the Shire of Caithnefs with the Wed Ifles, com- 
 monly called the ^Sbuder,zs alfothe Ifles of Orkney and Shethland, is the 
 North Clafs ; But lor the more Didinft Defcription of the feveral 
 Shires, and the Chief City or Town of each, they dial! be fubjoin’d 
 as they are Scituated in each Clafs. 
 
 O F 
 
 South CMs Comprelicnds. 
 
 Shires. - 
 Tiv.otdale ■■ 
 Liddij'dale ■ 
 
 Fskdale and Eufdale 
 Annandale 
 Nithfdale 
 Calloway ~ 
 
 Mers 
 
 Lautherdak 
 'Tweedah - 
 Clydjdale 
 Kyle 
 
 Carrick '■ 
 
 Chief Towns 
 
 Jed'brugh 
 
 Hermitage 
 
 Scituated 
 
 Annan 
 
 Drumfrees 
 
 Kirkttbright 
 
 Dunce ' 
 Zauther 
 Peebles ■ 
 Claffgow 
 Aire 
 
 From Eaji to Weji. 
 
 dargeny 
 
 Shire 
 

 A T>lSC% lTriOlNi 
 
 Shires 
 
 Chief Towns 
 
 Louthian 
 
 Edinbrugh 
 
 Stirling 
 
 Idem 
 
 Renfrew 
 
 Idem 
 
 Cunninghame 
 
 Irwine 
 
 C Bute ’p 
 
 
 liles of < & > 
 
 Roth fay 
 
 ^Arran\ 
 
 
 Pininfula of Kint-yre 
 
 Killinn 
 
 
 North Clafs C< 
 
 Shires 
 
 Chief Towns 
 
 Fife 
 
 St. Andrews 
 
 Menteith 
 
 Dunblain 
 
 Lenox 
 
 Dunbarton 
 
 Argyle 
 
 Inver ary 
 
 Perth 
 
 Idem 
 
 Strathern 
 
 Jbernethy 
 
 Brodalbin 
 
 Finlerig 
 
 Lorn 
 
 Dunfiajfage 
 
 Merns 
 
 Bervey 
 
 Angus 
 
 Dundee 
 
 Gawry 
 
 
 Athole 
 
 Blair 
 
 Marr 
 
 Aberdeen 
 
 Badyenock 
 
 Riven 
 
 Lochabtr 
 
 Innerlochy 
 
 Buchan 
 
 Peterhead 
 
 Bamff 
 
 Idem 
 
 Murray 
 
 Elgin . 
 
 Invernefs 
 
 Idem 
 
 Wefiern Jjles 
 
 Sternvfay 
 
 Rofs 
 
 Iain 
 
 Sutherland 
 
 Dornach 
 
 Strathnaver 
 
 Strathy 
 
 Caithnefs 
 
 Wick . 
 
 Ifles of Orkney 
 
 Kirkwall 
 
 Zetland 
 
 Lerwick 
 
 Sd-tuated 
 
 ! 
 
 |L From Eaji to Wefi 
 
 Scituatcd 
 
 From Eafi to We (I, 
 
 Trom Eafi to 'Wefi 
 
 From Eafi to Wefi. 
 
 Frbm South to North. 
 
 Scotland 
 
Of SCOTLAND 
 
 Scotland is divided from England on the Ea(i by the River Titeed, 
 then by the High Mountain Cbivot ; and where the Mountain fails, by 
 the Remains of the Trench or Dyke call’d Adriayds Wall ; and on the 
 Wed by the River Eske running into Solirvay Fir^h. 
 
 In Scotland are Two Arch-Bifliopricks and Twelve Biiliopricks, viz. 
 Arch-Bifliopricks, St. Andrews and Glajfgow. 
 
 Bidiopricks Edinbrugb, Dnnkelf Aberdeen^ Murray^ Brichen^ Dufi- 
 ilain^ Rofs^ Caithnefs, Orkney^ Galloway^ Argyle, Ifles. 
 
 In Scotland -clxq Four Univerfitys, viz. St. Andrews, Glajfgow, A- 
 berdeen, Edinburgh 
 
 Scotland is that Antient Natioit known by the other Names of Al- 
 bion and Caledonia', and is bounded on the Eafi, by Part of the German 
 Ocean, on the North and Wefi,by the Ducaledon and Irijh Sea, It is named 
 ■ by the Italians Scotia, by tht^paniards Efcocia ; by the French Efcoje , ; 
 by the Germans Swedes and Danes Scootland, by the Englijh and It’s 
 Natives, Scotland. So Named from the firft Inhabitants, who derived 
 their Name from Scota Daughter to Pharoah King of Egypt. 
 
 The Air of Scotland is fo very pure and Extraordinary whole- 
 fome to Breath in, that feveral Perfons in the North and moft parw 
 • of this Kingdom, do frequently arrive to a greater Age than is ufual 
 in many other Parts of The oppofite Place of the Globe to 
 
 Scotland, is that part of the -Pacifick Ocean, between ipo and 196 
 i Degrees of Longitude, with 56 and 60 Degrees of Latitude. 
 
 Notwithflanding this Country is of a Scituation Confiderably Nor- 
 thern, (it being in the iith 12 th and Beginning of the lith North- 
 Ciimate) yet it produceth great Plenty of all the Neceffaties and 
 Comforts of Humane Life. All the Seas about Scotland are wonder- 
 fully Stored with moft Kinds of Excellent Fifties; as alfo It’s Rivers 
 * and Loches (which arc many) abound with Salmons and all Kind of 
 1 Frefli Water Fifties. It’s Plains do Sufficiently produce moft kinds of 
 
 j Grains, Herbs, and Fruits; and many of it’s Mountains are not only’ 
 
 I Lined with valu-able Mines and the beft of Coals, but alfo feveral of 
 
 them are fo covered over with numerous Flocks, That great Droves 
 i of Cattle do Yearly pafs into England, befides the great Quantities 
 
 j of Beef which is Exported Yearly to Foreign Countreys, Provifion 
 
 i ot Every kind being very Plenty and Extraordinary Cheap, Efpecially 
 
 1 Beef, Muttton, andFowl. Over all the Higb-lands are Great plenty 
 
 1 of wild Red Deer, there being in forac Places above 500 in one Herd; 
 
 I all Sort of wild fowl are very plenty in moft Parts of Scotlajid, E- 
 
 fpecially in the North and Highlands. There are many Rarities to be 
 Scotland. 
 
 ■E -But 
 
 i 
 
 j 
 
 I 
 
ADiscmTrios^ 
 
 But they having beenfo often Defcribedby fo many Authors of Geo- 
 graphy and Hidory^ that I fee noNeceffity to Speak of them, only that the 
 Two Walls or Dykes of Adrian7ind.Severus?Lrt ftill to be known by fome 
 fmall Remains ; asalfo the feveral vifible TraiTsof theiJcw^KEncam.p- 
 ments in feveral Places in the South of Scotland^ but Efpecially that 
 ui Ardoch in Pertbjhire) where Fofles and Dykes about the 
 are ftill of a Great Height very Vifible. In feveral Places of the 
 Nation there are Spacious Caves hewn out of folid Rocks; ’tis 
 alledged they were the Fortifications of the PiBs. At Hathornden 
 near Edinburgh one is to be feen, where entering in at a nar- 
 row Entry, you find feveral Large Rooms, Divided by Palfages, 
 in feveral Parts of the Nation, are feveral Large Stones fixed 
 upright as Monuments of Battles between the Scots and 
 In feveral Parts of, are Notable Mineral Springs, veary health- 
 ful, not far fliort of the fo famous Spaw-Water in the Republick of 
 X/Vg^in Germany. mod frequented Springs, are thofc of Moffat, 
 Pitkcthly,Peterheail,2i[-\(\ ylterdeen. ’Xiscertain thatmany Women who 
 never had Children before, have Conceived During tile Time they 
 continued Drinking thole Waters. . 
 
 Having given a General and Superficial Defeription of the whole 
 Nation : And as I have before Divided it Into North and i’o«r/;Cla lies, 
 tis fit to know that the North Clafs as before Mentioned is further 
 Divided into Plighlands and Lowlands : Thofe called Highlanders are 
 the Inhabitants of the VAejlern Ides, North and We[t Parts of the Con- 
 tinent; Vat Lowlanders are thofe Inhabiting the Ifies, and the 
 
 North-Eaff Parts of the North Clafs, and alt tht- South Clafs. 
 
 T\\t Highlanders are a Bold, Hardy People, much given to Warlike 
 Exercifes, but not much accuftomed tofuch hard Labour as the Lowlaiu 
 ders. The Produce of their Parts of the Country being for the mod part 
 Cattle, Wood and Hay, or Grafs, wherewith they Generally fupply . 
 the Lowlanders, and have Corn in Return of it. The Highlanders 
 ftill retian the old Gaulick or Irijh Language, with fome Variety of 
 Accent from what is fpoke by the Natives oHreland ; yetthe Com- 
 mon People for mod Part over all the Highlands fcarce underftand 
 anv Language, or Speech elfe; as alfo, they dill retain the Antient 
 Ciidom of Following and Obeying their Chieftains, as every Clan 
 have one diftinguiliied and known Chief, which Chief may command 
 any of the Clan ot Name to do any thing that is pofilblefor them to do, 
 and they Obey with all Chearfulnefs. The Highlanders their fre- 
 quent Life of Anns are very expert (even Naturally) in handling the 
 Broad Sworl and Targe, with which they defy any fingle Weapon ; 
 
 and 
 
Of SCOTLAND. 
 
 and are very good Markfinen with Fire Arms, as Guns, or Side 
 Piftols; as alfo in handling the Durk or Dagger, or as they cal' it. 
 Skein Bidog ‘j this Weapon they ufe in Battles when they cannot well 
 weild the Broad Sword. The Ifighla-ndors are feldora without Four 
 Weapons, viz. Broad Sword, Durk, Carbine and Side Piliol, and 
 often a Pair. Their Cloaths are very thin and light; for moll Part 
 made of Plaids of diverfe Colours, handing very much to Black, Red, 
 Blew, and Green, which makes their Cloaths near a Heath Colour, 
 which they at Firft dcTigned in War Time, to keep them undifcover- 
 ed from their Enemies when they lay among the Heath, there being 
 very long Heath in many Parts of the Highlands ; by wearing fuch 
 Colours they often had Advantage of the Enemy ; clpecially when 
 dark, or after or before the Sun ; at which time an krmy oi High- 
 landers cannot be difcern’d on a Heath, tho’ very near. The Manner 
 of their Drefs are either in fliort Coat, Trews and Plaid; the 
 Trews is Breeches and Hofe in one Piece : For Marching or Tra- 
 velling they drefs in fliort Coat and fliort Hofe with a belted Plaid 
 without Breeches, with their Thighs Naked; but the Plaid being 
 gathered under the Belt like a Woman’s Petticoat, it covers their 
 Nakednefs. In this Drefs they without any Concern can travel thro’ 
 deep Snow and Frofl, and lye in the Fields without any Covering but 
 their Plaid over them, with the Targe raifed by the Hilt of the Broavl 
 Sword for their Pillow ; nor do they love any foft Bed although in 
 their Offer. Their Way of Living, tho’ very ftrange, yet is very 
 Wholfome. In the Highlands for molt Part,theirHoufesaremadeallof 
 Timber; they take the large Trees, and fetting the Roots in the 
 Ground at fuch Diflance as they defign the Breadth of their Houles, 
 and fetting the Tops of them dole, being tyed or joined with Wooden 
 Nails, or Withies made of Birtch Twigs twilled ; this being the 
 Principal Pillars or Couples, they thwart them with fmaller Timber, 
 and cover the w’hole with Scraws or Divots, which is Broad O’vel 
 Thin Sodd, which they dig dry and prepare for that Ufe, they ha- 
 ving a Dexterous Method of Laying them on, that for feveral Years 
 Rain cannot penetrate them. They have for Beds, either Heath or 
 Fern, which is very Sweet and Wholfome, the Heath they tye very 
 dofe with theTops up and the Roots downwards, fo that thismakes 
 a very fw'eetand pleafant Bed, to fuch as love it, and are Accullomed 
 with it. Their Bed Cloaths being the lame they wear in Plaids, 
 Having thus far Defcribed the Highlands^ and the Inhabitants there- 
 of, I fliall give all the Defeription that is NecelTaryo f th c Lowlands^ 
 and it’s Inhabitants, 
 
 The 
 
A VISC^ ITTIO^ 
 
 The Lowlands for moft Part are very Fertil Corn Countries, 
 which obliges the Inhabitants to be very Laborious ; by which 
 they are more accuhomed to the life of Labouring hard than 
 Warlike Exercifes. As for their Way of living it is much the fame 
 as the Common People over the Three Kingdoms as to Houfes and 
 Drefs, except the Bonnets, which they ufe over the mod Part of the 
 Nation inftead of Hats: And even the Lowlanders are generally . ac- 
 cuftomed to wear Broad Swords when they, go to Kirks and Markets, 
 i. e. Churches and Fairs, or Buryings. What I have faid is only of 
 the Common People. As for the Nobility and Gentry in both Parts 
 they live after the Lme Manner as thole in thz South of Scotland and 
 England. 
 
 Since I have thus diflinguiUied the Two different Inhabitants, ’tis 
 fit to fliew the feveral Shires or Parts of the Country Inhabited by 
 each People. All the South Chds as before mention’d, is notdiftin- 
 guiflted by Highlands and Lowlands^ but by Eaft and Wefi Country and 
 the Borders. As Eaji-Lothian^ Mers, and Parts of Tivotdale, arethe 
 EaJij and Weji-Lothian, StirJingfhire^ Clydefdale^ Renfrew, Cunnin- 
 gham, Kyle, Carrick, Galloway, . Nithfdale and Tweedale are thtJd'eli ; 
 and Annandale, Eskdale, with Eufdale, Liddifdale and Ewotdale are 
 the Borders joining Northumberland and Cumberland in England. 
 
 The North Chfs being as aforefaid, divided iato Highlands and Low- 
 lands ; the Shires or Parts Inhabited by the Highlanders, are the 
 Shires of P^rr^, Broadalbin, Athole, Part of Marr, Badyenoch, Argyle, 
 Loihaber, Parts of Murray, Invernefs, Rofs, Sutherland, Strathnaver, and 
 mof^'??L'ct of Caithnefs with all the Ifles, called t\\Q «^buder. 
 
 The inhabit the Shires of Fife, Menteith, Lenox, Stra- 
 
 thern, Angus, Gawry, Merns, Aberdeen ot Veins of Mar, Buchan, Barnff, 
 Murray, the Sea Coafl of Invernefs, Rofs, and Eafi and North Coaft 
 of Caithnefs, with all the Illands of Ortej/ and Shethland. 
 
 So much being laid of the feveral Parts of the Country according 
 to it’s Divifions, I lliall give an Account of the Names, Sirnames and 
 Titles of Peers of 'Scotland, with the Year of tVeir Creations, as 
 follows 
 
 Dukes Titles Eldeft Son’s Titles So Created. 
 
 1 James Hamilton of Hamilton, Earl of Arran i 64 L 
 
 2 Ann Scot Dutches of of Dalkeith \6qo. 
 
 3 Charles Lenox D- of Lenox E. of Darnly -id75. 
 
 George Gordon D. of Gordon Mavqmfs of Huntly i684. 
 
 5 Charles Dowglafs D- of £luetnsbery E. of Dnmlanrig 1684. 
 
 d John Cam lobe IJ D. of Argyle Lord Lorn 1701. 
 
 7 Archibald 
 
00 
 
 Of SCO XL AND. 
 
 Dukes Titles 
 
 7 Archibald Dowglafs D. of Dorvglujs 
 
 8 ^ohn Murray '' 
 
 9 Graham 
 
 10 ^ohn Ker 
 Marquiifes 
 
 ^ohn Hay 
 William Ker 
 ^ohn ^ohnjlon 
 Earls 
 
 ^ohn Lindfay 
 Charles Hay 
 George Keith 
 ^ohn ErShfri 
 
 D. of Atho/e 
 D. of Montrofs 
 D. of Roxbrough 
 Titles 
 
 Marquifsof Tvoeedale 
 Marquifs of Lothian 
 
 Eldeft Sons Titles 
 Earl of Angus 
 Marquifs of Tulibardin 
 Marquifs of Graham 
 Marquifs of Cefsford 
 Eldeft Sons Titles 
 Lord Tefter 
 Lord Jedburgh 
 
 Marquifs of Annandale Lord ^ohnjion 
 
 Titles 
 
 Earl of Crawford 
 Earl'of Errol 
 E. Marijhall 
 „ ^ E, of Marr 
 
 George Sutherland E. of Sutherland 
 ^ohn Leffly E, of Rothefs 
 
 Robert Dowglafs E.ofMorto-n 
 David Ersliin E. of Buchan 
 
 9 Will. CunninghamE. oi Ghncarn 
 
 10 Alexander Montgomery E.ofEglinton 
 
 1 1 ^ohn Kennedy E. of Cajjles 
 
 ri Alexander Sinclair E. of Caithnefs 
 13 Charles Stewart E. of Murray 
 William Maxwell E. of tlithfdale 
 
 1 5 George Seaton E. of Winfon 
 
 16 ^ames LivingjionE. of Linlithgow 
 
 17 C arles Hume E. of Hume 
 
 18 Drummond E. of Perth 
 
 •19 '^ohn Fleming E of Wigton 
 20 ■^ohn Lyon E. of Strathmore 
 2.1 ^ames Hamilton E. of Abercofn ' 
 
 •22 Alexin ler Ershjn E. of KeUy 
 2,3 Thomas Hamilton E. of Haddington 
 
 24 ^-ames Stewart E. of Galloway 
 
 25 Keneth Maclienaie E of Seaforth 
 z6 Charles Maitland E. of Lauderdale 
 
 2 7 George Hay E. of Kinoule 
 
 28 Hugh ■ ampbellE. of Lowden 
 
 29 Davids Weems E. of Weems, 
 
 3 ° Crighton E of Drumfrees 
 
 3 I Alexander E. of Stirling 
 
 y.. Thomas B me E. of Elgin 
 33 William RdmfayE- of Dalhoufte 
 It^'fames Carnegie E. of Southes{e 
 ^5 Charles Stewart E.of Traguair 
 
 Eldeft Sons Titles 
 Eor A Lindfay 
 Lord Hay 
 L: Keith 
 L. Ersliin 
 L. Strathnaver 
 L. Leffly 
 L. Aberdoure 
 L.Cardrofs 
 L. Killmaures 
 L. Montgomery 
 L. Kennedy 
 L. Berredale 
 L. Down 
 L. Maxwell 
 L. Seaton 
 L. allender 
 L: Punglafs 
 L. Drummond 
 L.Cumhernald 
 L. GUmes 
 L. Pafly 
 L. Pittenweem 
 L Binry 
 L. Garlis 
 L. Kintaile 
 L. Maitland 
 L. Duplin 
 L. Mechlin 
 L. Elcho 
 L. Crighton 
 L. Alexander 
 L. Kinlofs 
 L. Ramfay 
 L. Carnegie 
 L. Linton 
 X 
 
 So Created 
 
 1705. 
 
 1703. 
 
 1707. 
 
 1708. 
 
 1 ^ 94 ’ 
 
 1701* 
 
 1701- 
 
 I59^- 
 I 45 ' 0 - 
 145' yj 
 I4S7, 
 
 I45'7. 
 
 ^45^7. 
 
 146-9. 
 
 1488. 
 
 I 5 ' 03 " 
 
 ifop. 
 
 I7SS. 
 
 lySi. 
 16^00, 
 j6^oo. 
 i6of, 
 16-09. 
 i(?ofs 
 1606. 
 160S. 
 1609. 
 J6 19. 
 1619’ 
 16^13. 
 16 .- 4 " 
 
 1^33. 
 
 1^33. 
 
 X6ll. 
 
 1^33. 
 
 16 ,3. 
 16-33- 
 1633- 
 
 Earls 
 
A ‘DISC^JOTT]03\C 
 
 *Earls Titles 
 
 
 Eldeff Sons Titles 
 
 So Created. 
 
 ^ames Ogllvie p.zt\o^ Airly 
 
 Lord Ogilvie 
 
 i^ 3 P. 
 
 ^7 Robert Dalaziel P.. oi Carnvfath 
 
 L. Dalsziel 
 
 1619. 
 
 garnet Ogilvie E. oi Bindlator 
 
 L. Deshford 
 
 ^619. 
 
 19 David Melvil E. of Leven 
 
 L. Balgonj 
 
 i^ 4 i. 
 
 40 LionJ TalmaJIt E. of Dyfert 
 
 
 L. Huntingdon 
 
 1 ^ 4 ^. 
 
 41 ^amei Maule E- of Panmure 
 
 L. Maule or Brichtn 
 
 160^6. 
 
 4^ C at lei Hamilton E. of SeUiir^ 
 
 L.LiinricIi 
 
 1^47. 
 
 43 David Carnegie E. of Mortheil^e 
 
 L. Rojhill 
 
 1447. 
 
 44 Alexander Bruce E. of Kincardin 
 
 L. Bruce 
 
 i-^T 47 . 
 
 45 Colin Lindfay E., ofBekara[i 
 
 L. Cumberland 
 
 16^1. 
 
 ^6 Livingjion E,o{ Newburgh 
 
 L. Livingjion 
 
 1660, 
 
 47 IVilUam Boyde E- of KiUmarnoli 
 
 L. Boyde 
 
 1661. 
 
 48 Charles Gordon E. of Aboin 
 
 
 L. Glenlivet 
 
 166 1. 
 
 47 Dowglajs E. ot Forfar 
 
 
 . IVendale 
 
 166 1. 
 
 su IVilliam Cochran E. of Dundonalll 
 
 L. Cochran 
 
 1669. 
 
 f I George Dowglafs E. of Dunbarton 
 
 L. Entricli 
 
 1671-. 
 
 szlViUiam Keith E.of Kintore 
 
 
 d Irnerure 
 
 1677* 
 
 S3 J-ohn Campbell E. of Broadalbin 
 
 Lt Glenurchy 
 
 1677. 
 
 S4 George Gordon E. of Aberdeen 
 
 
 L. Haddo 
 
 l6Z%. 
 
 S S ^ohn Murray E. of Dunmore 
 
 L. Fincaflle 
 
 16%6. 
 
 jS George Hamilton E. of Orkney 
 
 L. Kirl^xvill 
 
 1699. 
 
 ^7 ^obn Hamilton E of Ruglen ' 
 
 L. Riccarten 
 
 1696. 
 
 ^S jViliiain Dowglafs E of March 
 
 L. Needpitb 
 
 If 97- 
 
 ■} 9 Alexander Hume E. of Marchmount 
 
 L. Polwortb 
 
 ^697: 
 
 60 ^ames Carmichael E. of Hyndford 
 
 L. Carmichael 
 
 1701. 
 
 S I George MachenAie E. of Cromarty 
 
 L. Macleod or Caftlebaven 
 
 1703. 
 
 tfohn Dalrimpie E. of Stair 
 
 Li Dalrimple 
 
 1703. 
 
 61 Archibald Primrofe E. of Rofe'bery 
 
 L.Dalmeny 
 
 1703 
 
 -4 David Boyle E cfGliJfgow 
 
 L. Boyle 
 
 1703. 
 
 S) ^ames Stewart E. of Bute 
 
 L. Mountjlewart 
 
 1703. 
 
 66. Charles Hope E of H opt on 
 
 L. Craighali 
 
 J 7 ® 3 - 
 
 67 David Collier E. ol Port more 
 
 L. Cell ter 
 
 X7C 3 * 
 
 ^8 Henry Scot E.of DJorain 
 
 L. 
 
 Hermitage 
 
 1706. 
 
 69 Archibald Campbell E. of IJlay 
 
 L 
 
 Dunoon 
 
 1706, 
 
 Vifeounts ,, Titles Sc Cieatot! 
 
 Vifeounts Titles 
 
 So Created 
 
 z David Murray V. Storinonnt i'6zi. 
 
 ^ Robert Gordon V. Kerwnire 
 a^jobn Arbiirtbne: V. Arburtbnet 
 ^ famei Seaton V . Kingjlon . iSfo 
 
 < Robert M.tcgiU V. Oztenford _ i 
 
 Arthur Ing- a i?i V. Ir'rf in iSSi 
 
 9 Peregrin Ofburn V. Diinhlain 
 
 10 (ViUiam Cheney V. Hevohaven 
 
 1 1 Richard Graham V- Prtjlon 
 
 II PRiU. Drummond V. Strathallan 
 
 1 3 Patric!{ • artford V. Garnocf^ 
 
 14 Archibald PrimrofeV. Primrofe 
 
 i€Ti 
 i(J8i 
 i<?8i 
 16 8(? 
 
 17^3 
 
 703 
 
 Loras 
 
Of SCOTL AN D 
 
 Lords or Barons Titles Created 
 
 i Will.Forbefi Lori Forbefs 1474 
 
 i Alexinier Frafer Lord Salton 1474 
 
 ^ ^ohn Gray L.Gray 1485 
 
 4 Allan Cat^'cart L. C.ttbcart 1483 
 
 ) Henry Sind lir L Sinclair 148^ 
 
 5 G. orge D'/wgldfi L. Mordington 1489 
 
 7 Francis Sewfle L. Semple 149^ 
 
 8 ^ohn Elphingdon L. Elpbinglfsn i5'o9 
 
 9 PatridiO/iphant L Ohpbant i5"79 
 
 10 Alexander Frafer L. Lov at ij8<S 
 
 1 1 PFilliam Rof L. Rofs ij8tT 
 
 iz — Ker L.^edbriigh 'IS 92 
 15 'fames Sandilands L.Torp'nchen 1 S 9 ^ 
 
 David Le fly 'L.I.indores 1600 
 
 15 fohn Elphingflon L. B Innrino 160^ 
 
 16 Robert Stewart L.BUntyre i6oo 
 
 17 Robert Balfour L.Butleit^h 1606 
 
 18 IVili am Crarjion L. Cr mjton 1S07 
 
 19'fames Butler F.Dingwal 1609 
 
 20 Francis Scot L. Naipsr 1627 
 
 21 Thomas Fairfax L. Fairfax 1627 
 
 Lords or Barons Titles Created 
 
 21 George Mac\y L. Rhae 1^28 
 
 13 Walter Ajhton L Afhton 162^ 
 
 14 George Forefer L. Fcreffer iff 
 
 i)' Alexander F rbef L. Pitjligo 
 
 if Frafer L Fr.ijer if 3; 
 
 2'’ fames Hamilton L.Biginy if-59’ 
 
 2% George Ogilvie L. Buvff if4i 
 
 29 Patrick Murray L.Eliban/i lf4^ 
 
 David Falfiner L. Halfertcn if47 
 
 3 I fohn Hamilton L. Belhav.en if4S 
 
 31 Kenetb Sutherla-nd L. Dcff'us if 50 
 2 } Robert RoUo L.Rollo ifjr 
 
 Robert Colvil L.C'-lvil ifj: 
 
 ^S David Lejly L.Mewirl^ iffo 
 
 3f Robert Rutherford L. Rutherford iff i 
 37 - Billenden L. Billen.lsn iffi 
 
 gi William 7 Tur ray L. aim ifSt 
 19 fo'en Churchill L. 4 ymouth ifSi 
 
 i!^o Patridi Kinard L. Kinard if8i 
 
 t\i Francis Abercromby L. Glafsford if 85". 
 
 The Nobilicv of Scotland ir called the Peerage of Scotland, becagfe they are all 
 Pares Regni, shit h N.obiHt a e Pares, though Gradu ImpareS. 
 
 OfNobilitv there are f D g ot^,viz.. Duke^ Maiquils, Earl, Vifcount and Baron. 
 
 A 13 uke in Li ti 1 a Ducendo, Noblemen being antiently Generals and Lea.* 
 ders of Armies in Time oTWar. A. Duke is created bv Patent, Ciniflure of Sword, 
 Impofuion of a Cap and Coronet of Gold on his Head, and a Verge of Gold put 
 into his Ha d. 
 
 A Marquils was Fird: fo called: from the Government of and Frontire 
 
 Countries. A Marquifs is created by Cindfire of a Sword, Impofition of a Cap of 
 H nour, with a Coroner, and Delivery of a Charter or Parent. 
 
 Earls antiently celled -Comites, becaufe they were wont (Comitari Regem) to wait 
 upon the King for Council and Advice. An Earl is created by Cindfure of a 
 Sword, a Mantle of State put upon him by the King himfelf, and a Coronet on 
 bis Head, and a Chai ter in bis Hai d. 
 
 A Vifeount, Vice Comes quafi Vice-Comites, GubernaturuS Comitatem', a Vifcounc 
 is fo made by Patent 
 
 Barons are fometimes made by Wrir, when they are called to fit in Parliament, 
 but moll: ufually by Parliament. All the Titles ot Honour in Scotland 
 
 given by the Sovereign, who is ihe foie Fountain of Honour .- N ne of thel'e Ho- 
 nours bellowed on a Family by the Sovereign can be lo-fi but b) wantofllfue, or 
 elle bvTreafv'nj and that Family cannot be reftored to thfir Honours, but by 
 ^he Sovereign, An 
 
Ar^lSC^lTTlOJ^ 
 
 A* Account of the Clans and their Chiefs, eir’c. 
 
 The Principal Chiefs nr Chieftains of the Clam are for themoft part Gentlemen, 
 known by the Tide of Lairds ; which is the fame as Efquire in England and Ireland. 
 
 AiTiong all the none are fo Numerous as the Clandonalds or Micdonalds, 
 
 altho’ there are other C/^ns reckon’d of a longer Standing : The Macdorvals being 
 One of the mod Ancient Sir names in Scotland, they deriving their Sir-name from 
 Dowallm, wh > flew Hotbatut the Tyrant, who fucceeded bornadilla the Fourth 
 King of Scotland : In Remembi ance of this Addon, and Reftoring the lawful Heir, 
 this Dowalus had afllgned him for his Arms, a Lyon Colour’d with a broken Crown 
 about his M^-ck ; which is the Paternal Coat of the Macdowals : Macdowall of Lorn 
 being the Chief or Chieftain of that Ancient j this Atchievement being of 
 Date the Year of the World 7738, beina 233 Years before the coming of Chrifl. 
 The Macdonalds are (no doubt_) an ancient as well as Numerous they being 
 now divided into feveral CUm or Families j bur all the other Families acknowledge 
 themfelves Cadets of the Principal Family, of which Sir Donald Ma donald oi Slate 
 is thi' Reprefentative, and is the Chief of all the Clan. The Lairds of G/rw^g^rry, ' 
 Glerco, Clanronald, (E^rl of Antrim in Ireland.') Keppoch, Kia loch-Moydiart, Benbe~ 
 sula are Branches of the j but each of them have Sepsrate Sub-d ivided Clam oi 
 ti'c'ir own : As alfo feveral other Names in the Highlands and Lowlands are Origi- 
 nally of the 5 that .they are fuch a Numeruus C/.rw, there are near three 
 
 of them, for every one of any other clan, or Name in the Kingdom. The other 
 Clans are the Macliintoflns, Originally clancattons, the Laird » f Macliimojh is the Chief. 
 The Macleods, the Laird Macleod is the Chief. The Macneah (in Ireland 0 Neals) Mac- 
 neal of Bara is the Chief. The Maclialpins are a very Ancient Clan but near worn 
 out. The Macfiinnens, the Laird of Macliinnen is the Chief. Macky, Originally . 
 Clancay, the Lord Rhae- is the Chief The Macl{enz,ie's, the Earl uf Seaforth is the 
 Chief. The Macleans, Sir ^ohn Maclean of Dowart is the Chief. The MacgregorS are 
 a very old CLtiz and Numerous, but by Aft of Parliament, they being obliged to 
 change their N-ames, they are called Grierfons, and Grier, and Gregories, the Perfon 
 who alfumes the Chieffliip of the Clan is Robert Macgregor Alias Roy. The Macudlacbs 
 
 are an Antient Clan, Sir Macullach.h^e Chief . The Macfarlanes the 
 
 Laird of hUcfarlan is the Chief. The Maclaitg Ians are an Ancient Clan. The Mac- 
 pberfons, the Laird of Clonnie Macpberfon is the ChiefJ The drfacraws, Maclellans, Mac- 
 allums, Macli'indlayS, -Macmillans, Macbains, Macgies, MacginieS, Macquesns me e.\\ High- 
 land Names; as alfo the Laird of G-'e«.«>-y’s are called MacaHliers (i. e._) Alexan- 
 Jerfons : And the Laird of Glenco's Clan are called MacjanS (i. e.) 'fohns Spns, The 
 Laird of Clanronald Macronalds (i.e.^ Ronald's Sons. Several other Clans and 
 Names have their Sir-n.ames after the fame Manner. Befides thofc of the Clam be- 
 cf’pnniiig with ifLzr. there are feveral Antient Clans and Names; as the Clancamerons, 
 whereof th.“ Laird of Loc/;ye// is Chier .-The Robertfons (Originally Macdonald ) of 
 whom the Laird of Srrowan Robertfon is the Chief. This Sir-namt is fomwimes pro- 
 nou iced and writ en.R(/i’i/crt , and by the Englijh RobinfoU. The RoJftS are an An- 
 -tienc Sir-name, the Laird of Balnagowan is the Chief; the Laird liiereofleft his 
 -Ellate and Chiefthip to Lieutenant Geneial Rofs, Bt' iher to Lord Rofs, and'is 
 ,Chi-f Qf the Name, notwichftanding of his Eldeli Brother being a Peer. The 
 
 Sutherlands 
 
Sutherlands are an Antient Sirname, the Earl of SutJ-^yi mi 
 
 the Chief. The Monro’s, whereof Sr. George Monro of Foir/if is rl ^ 
 
 Chief. The are Antient but few in Number ; The Farqier'on's 
 
 are a Great Clan, the Laird of Innercaul is the Chief. Tlv' 
 are a great Clan, the Lord is the Chief, The Cbifolmes The Laird 
 of Frathglefs is the Chief. Befides thofe here mentioned, there areVevern’ 
 Highland Sirnames of a good Antient Standing. As for the Loxrland 
 Names, the Sirnames of the Peers in the foregoing Lift you ma'^ 
 fee many of them. The fi-rft Peer of Each Sirname being the Chief Except 
 the Duke of ^eensbery, tho’ firft Created a Duke, is no more than 
 a Cadet ot the oi Dowglajfes ~Fzm\\y, which Family is Antient 
 
 and very great, and According to Hiftory, is Equal to any of the An- 
 tient Roman Families : As for Generals of Great Fame, there has 
 been more than is to be met with in any Hiftory of one Sirncame by 
 which it is fay’d. ’ 
 
 So many and fo Good, as of the Dowglajfes hath been 
 Of one Sir-name was never in Europe feen. ’ 
 
 They have born great Commands in feveral Countries befides their 
 Native Countries of 5’ctif/4wi,Efpecially in France, Sweden, Germ any \ 
 
 In France, they had the Title of Duke of Furin, Count Be Longavik 
 &c. It is prefum’d, that Perfon Named by King Solvathius Sholtl 
 Doivglafs-, w^so^thzClan ov Tribe o^ Dowalus of GaHaway (7. /.) Mac- 
 dowel/s who are the moft AntientC/4« in theiY^f/^?«. Tht Murray shdng 
 cf that Name fince the Year 55 after the Birth of Chrifl, wheTi they 
 came into Scotland, ' with their Captain named Roderick, who af- 
 fifted Corhredus, the 19th King ot Scotland, againft the Romans 
 and had the Lands lying on the River which they called Murl 
 
 ray-land now the Jhire of Murray. The Antient Name of Graham 
 Deriving their Sir-Name from the Valiant Graham, Coufin German 
 to Rergus the fccond, who after his Death wasGovernour of Scotland: 
 Anno Chr. ^2^. 
 
 The Hays are Defended from one Hay, by whofe Courage and 
 Conduft Kenneth the Third, gain’d a Victory over the Danes at Long, 
 e arty Angus, Anno Chr. 976. ThtEarl of Errol,\s the Chief. The 
 Keiths, , Defcended from a Valiant Man who Signalized hi‘ Great 
 Courage, and Good Condu»a:, in a Battle againft the Danes at Camus- 
 -crofs Anno Chr. 1008, where they were Totally routed by Malcolm 
 the 2d. who Rewarded this Keith, with feveral Lands and the Here- 
 ditary Office of Marjhall of Scotland, which High-Office his Linal 
 Sneceffor the Earl Marjkad ftill Enjoys. 
 
 Moft of the other Antient Sir-names are derived from the Ti- 
 tles of Peers and Officers Created by King M AL CO L AT the 3 d, 
 
 ^ as 
 
A-TjJSC^RITTIOJ^C 
 
 as tlie Name of Stewart ) from the Office of Lord High Stewart:- 
 Which the King Conferred upon. Walter the Son of Fleavce^ the Son 
 of Banqho^ menlioned in the Hiflory. As theKings fince th^Bruces' 
 wercot tliat Name many of the tiril Peers of the Nation, were of the 
 S\i'mmtof Steivart^ fuch as the of Albany^ Lenox, Earls of Athole^ 
 
 Marr, Buchan, Fife, Strai beam. Bur now thole Titles being Conferr’d 
 on Peers of other Names by Marriage or oihenvays; Yet there are 
 frill of that iJqy/r/and Antient Sirname; 'fUc Earls of Mur ray, Galloway, 
 Fraquair, and Bute, the Lord Blantyre, the Lord Vifcount Mountjoy 
 in Ireland isalfo Defcended from Royal- Family of Scot I and,d.n(\ of the 
 
 Sirname of Stewart. Befides fevcral Gentlemen of Confiderable For- 
 tunes and Families, as the L,Fir<is of Garntully, Innernytie, Balcaskie, 
 the Laird of Apin, .whohas a great Number of the Name as a Clan, 
 in the FI igh lands ; The Lairds of Kinachen-, Blairhall ; in the IJlands 
 of Orkney, Sr. James Stewart, of Burray, the Lairds- of.Bro«^/;, and 
 a du, &c. with feveral other Gentlemen of note. 
 
 In the Reign of King Malcolm the Third, when the Earls 
 of Fife, Monteith, Athole,- Lenox, Murray, Caithnefs, Rofs, and 
 .were, Created, many otlier new, Sirnames began in Scotland, as 
 Gordon Seato-n, Kennedy, Lejjly, Lermont, Calder, Lockhart, Wallace, 
 Shaw, Liber.ton, .Wachope, Dundafs, Cargill, Cockburn, Menzies, A~ 
 lercromb'y, I.auder^ ■ Strachane, Battery, Morton, Bannerman\ and at 
 tiiat Time William Duke of Normandy Conquered England, where-, 
 upon the Right Heir of the Crown of with hisAfo. 
 
 then and - Sijiers, being Refolvcd to pafs to Hungary, ov ZJngerland, 
 {Edgars, Mother, being Daughter to the Kingof Hungary.') They were 
 by Contrary Winds, \mt into Scot land, and were KindlyReceive-d by King 
 .M.ilcolm the Sd. who Married Margaret, Sifter to whereupon many 
 of her Friends cairie into Scotland, being Baniflied England by the 
 Conqueror ; among them were they ofthe Sirnames of AiW/fjy, Ramfay, 
 Towers, Prefton, Sandilands, Bijjert, Wardlaw, and Maxwell, as alfo 
 feveral Sirnames from Hungary, and Germany, as Cuningham, 
 Crichton, Pother ingb am,- Melvif Gijfard, Borthwick, as alfo came 
 out Oi France, the Sirnaiues of Fruftr, Sinclair, Bofwel, Mowate, Mont- 
 gomery, Cambell, (but the Cambeds. will have it that they have been, 
 a Name fince the Reiforation ofKing the Second inthe Year 
 
 of Chrilf 4^4) Betoa, Boys., Bothwel. Taylizer, or Taylor, with feve- 
 ral other Names.- There came, feveral Names from England, and other 
 Places, in Later Reigns; and fome have had their Sirnames in Scot- 
 land, as the Ancient Sirname of Forhejs, w'ere fo called from one^- 
 lexander Boys, for Killing a Bear by Singular Man-hood, the fame 
 Day the Three BattcU ol Rofline were fought againft Edward the 
 
 Ffrft , 
 
Of SCOTLAND. 
 
 fiTft of England. - The Lord Forhefs^ in Scotland^ is the Chief of the 
 Name. The Lord Pitfligo', is of that Name; as alfo the Earl of 
 Granard in Ireland^ with feveral worthy Gentlemen, of very 
 Ancient Families. The llluftrious and Ancient Sir-name of 
 Eruce^ fliould not be forgot, they having been once Sovereigns 
 of the Nation, there being ftill Noble-men and Gentlemen of 
 Great Families in Scotland, of the Name; the Earl of Kincardin is 
 the Chief, tho’ it is fay’d the Laird of Clakmanan has a better pre- 
 tention to it. In tl'.e Reign of King Robert the Bmce, one Sr. Wil- 
 liam dc Hamilton, Third Son to the Earlof Ae/Vey'?fr,(Defcended,from 
 the Earl MaUant, in Flanders) for Killing one Spencer at the Court 
 of England, fled into Scotland, and was Honourably entertained by 
 King Robert t\\t Bruce, who gave him the Barrony oiCadzovt, with 
 other Lands after his own Sirname, Called FFamilto'n. Which Fa- 
 mily is of 4oo Years Standing; The Duke of Hamilton, being rot 
 only the firll Peer of the Nation, but alfo the neareft Relation of the 
 Royal. Family, of Scotla nd, of any of the Nobility : Eor James Lord 
 Hamilton^ weLS Married to Mary Stewart, Count^fs oi Jrr an Sifter 
 to King James: the Third : James his Son was Privy Councellor to 
 King James the 4th, and Negotiated the Marriage betwixt the King 
 and Margaret Dmgk'CQV to King Henry the yth, of England, and 
 having Concluded the Match, did in the mod Pompous mnaner Solem- 
 nize the fame, for which the King gave him the I[le of Arran, and 
 Created him Earl thereof. He was alfo Knight of the Cockle in 
 France, Regent of Scotland, during the Minority of Kiiig James the 
 5 th, and James his Son, the 2 d. Earl oi Arran, was Tutor to Mary 
 Queen of Scotland, and Regent for 12 Y'ears, during her Minority. 
 He was alfo declared by kCi of Parliament, next Heir, to the Crown, 
 in Cafe flic -died wi. bout llfuc, (which Aft the Prefent Duke has in his 
 Cuftody.) Pie was Likewife one of the Privy Council to Queen Mary, 
 and Knight of the order of St. Michael in France, and by Francis 
 the ift. King of /’r/j/zee, Created Duke qI Chattlherault\ John his 
 Son, was (iieated Marquifs of Hamilton, the firft in Scotland that 
 ever bore that Title, and was for his Adherence to Qiieen Mary, For- 
 feited, and Baniflied by her Baftard Brother, the wicked Earl ofil/wr- 
 ray ; And when Sentence of Death was Uiijuftly paft upon that In- 
 nocent Queen, Shegave aDiamond Ring off her finger, to one of her 
 Servants; bidding him to Deliver it to the Lord Elamilton, and tell 
 him, that that was all flie had then to Witnefs her great Senfe of 
 Ids, and his Families, Conftant Loyalty and Fedelity ; defiring it 
 might be kept in the-Family, as a Lafting Evidence of her Kindnefs 
 to it. This Lord was afterward^reftored, and was Privy Councellor, 
 to; King James the 6th, -who Created him Marquifs of Hamilton, 
 
 Heritable 
 
A T>lSC^l^ri03^ 
 
 Heritable Steward of the Houfhould, Gentleman of his Bed-Chambef 
 Earl of Cafribridge, Knight of the Thifile and Garter : James his Son, 
 alTifted at the Coronation of King C/;^r/er the Firft, and Carried the 
 Sword of State before the King; He was alfo Maftcrof his Horfe, 
 Gentleman of his Bed-Chamber, and Privy-Councellor of both King- 
 doms; and was afterwards beheaded in London, for his Loyalty to the 
 King his Mafter, beingthe firft that followed his Majefty as a Martyr 
 for alTerting the Right of his King and the Liberty of his Native 
 Country ; He left llTue, (by his Dutchefs the Lady Mary Fielding, 
 Daughter to the Earl oiI)arbyi)?i Daughter Named who (after 
 the Death qI William Duke of Hamilton, who was flain, in the Battle 
 of Worcefier.) Succeeded in the Title and Eftate, as Dutchefs of 
 Hamilton, Iht was Married to WiUiam Howglafs, 'E'SiXXoi Selkirk, fecond 
 Son to the firft Marquifs of Dowglafs, wdio by his Marriage Articles 
 Changed his Sirname and his Children’s from Dowglafs to Hamilton, 
 and was by King Charles the zd. at his Wife’s Requeft, Created Duke 
 of Hamilton for Life. This Duke w'as the Father of James Earl of 
 Arran, who fucceeded him, eiwdiCharles ~E?lx\ oi Selkirk, John Earl of 
 Rutherglen, George Earl Orkney, The Lord Bafil, and the Lord Arch- 
 hald. In the Year 1698. the Dutchefs made over her Titles to the 
 Earl of Arran her Son, this Duke was Unfortunately Kill’d in a Duel 
 in Hyde-Park, ^t London, the 15th oi November ijii. Leavingiflue, 
 James now Duke, the Lord WiUiam, the Lord Ann, fo Named after the 
 Queen, who flood his Godmother ; and one Daughter. Befides the Duke 
 of Hamilton, and the Earls of Selkirk, Orkney, and Riitharglen, the 
 Brothers of the late Duke. There are Ancient Peers of the Name, 
 fuch as the Earl oi Abercorn. (The Prefent Earl of Abercorn, who En- 
 joys that Title, was James Hamilton, Efq ; the Son of James Ha- 
 milton, one of tfieGentlemen of the Bed-Chamber to King Charles the 
 2d. who was the Son of Sr. George Hamilton, fecond Son to James the 
 firft Earl of Abercorn.) zX^o Thomas Hamilton Earl o( Haddington, 
 the Lords Balgony, and BeU-hcav.en, There being Likewife many 
 worthy Gentlemen of the Name both in Scotland and Ireland. 
 
 There are many other Antient and great Sirnames in Scotland, as 
 Antientand Great as many mentioned, but for want of Information, 
 muft refer mentioning ai^ more, Referring the Reader to the Sir- 
 names of the Peers as in the Lilt. 
 
 The Laws and Government 0/ Scotland in Church and Slate, as it 
 was at the Commencement of the Vnion. 
 
 F rom the Time of Fergus the firft, there has been a Conti- 
 nued SuccefTion of Hereditary Kings of Scotland, till the Crown 
 of England fell to King James the 6tfi of Scotland Since which 
 time they are Titled, Monarchs ol Great-Britain. The 
 
0/ SCOTLAND. 
 
 The Chriftinn Faith was received in Scotland^ in the Reign oit>o- 
 nald the Firh, and 27th King of Si'otland, in the Year of Chriit 
 199. According to the beft Accounts, when Dioclefian^ the Empe- 
 ror Perfecuted the Church, many_ Chriftians fled from the Conti- 
 nent of Europe, into the Ifle o( Britain, and Particularly (as anAn- 
 tient Author ExprelTly teflitieth) into that Part of it ; Inquam Ro- 
 mdna Anna nnnquam penetrarunt) which without all. Doubt is Scot-^ 
 land, Efpecia.lly the and North parrs of the Nation, which 
 was ftill poffefs’d by the Scots, and never Subjecl: to tYx Romans, nor 
 no other Foreign power. 
 
 St. Ruel, or Rtguias, is faid to have brought over with him 
 the Right Jr?n of St. Andrew the Apoftle, and to have Buried it 
 where now the Antient City o'f St. 'Andrews is Built. Thofe firfl Pro- 
 pogatorso!" ChrifiEhity feem to have been, a kind oi Monks, who after- 
 wards by the Beneflcence of the firfl Scotland, came 
 
 into the States and Poffeflions of the Pagan Dr aides, (a fort of Re- 
 ligious Votarys to the Heathen Gods) And at firfl had their Principal 
 Refidences or Monafiries in the Ifles of Ma?i and Jura, and were 
 Named Culdees, and after called Monks. 
 
 Euginiis'W. the ft King of Scotland, to free the poorer People 
 from fl^e Maintainance of thofe Religious Monks and Preachers; or- 
 dained the Tythes of the Fruits of the Earth to be gathered for 
 their Hfe, which was the firft Inftitution of Tythes being paid to the 
 Clergy in Scotland. In the Reign of D-ongardus the 42d King of 
 Scotland, iht Pelagian Herefy did 'trouble the Church; and Pope C?- 
 oyer Paladins, with feveral other learn’d Monks X.o Scotland: 
 This Paladins was the Firft who ordain’d Bifiiops in Scotland till 
 then the Churches of Scotland were governed by Monks, without 
 Bifliops ; From that Time till the Reign of King the Fifth, 
 the Roman Cat holkk Religion was ^Univerfally profefs’d over all 
 land : But at that Time the Reformation begun in England by King 
 Henry the 8chl Kin^ James would allow no Holy Strife in Scotland, 
 yet after his Death the Reformation begun in Scotland, but differing 
 from the Form of the Service and Ceremonies of England, for the 
 People of Engla.ndbtgnn their Reformation according to the Dotdrine 
 of Martin Luther ;but Horn ?Li\d.Knox, and fome others diflented from 
 their Principles,and followed the Doftrine of John Calvin, and John 
 Knoxw^s hwtt.0 Scotland, and laid the Foundation 0/ Presbytry^yibkb 
 begun, and wa-s the Ground of all the Troubles in theReign ofQueen 
 Mary : And after her lmprifonraent in England, during the Minority 
 of K'\ag James tht Sixth; John Knox and the learned George Bnchan- 
 mm laid the Foundation of it, as feem’d beft to them ; for they were 
 
 H Encouraged 
 
ADlSi^JUTTlO:AC 
 
 Encouraged by the Earls of Murray and Morton.. But when the 
 King came to age he had Bifliops appointed over the Kingdom, but 
 could fcarce alter their Form of VVorQiip. They continued fo till 
 the Beginning of the Reign of King Charles the Firll ; but when 
 his Majelly propoled a Conformity with the Church of England in 
 Scotland^ fuch Difturbance arofe aboutit, that it gaveLife to the be- 
 fore contrived treacherous Defigns of the Englijh Rebels, They 
 Firft abolidied Bifliops and Epifcopacy, and profecutedand moft bafely 
 and barbaroufiy Murthered the King, and then eftabliOied Preshytry 
 over both Kingdoms ; But by the Redoration of l^mgCharles the 
 Second, O' was Extirpated, and the Bilhoi^S'reftored to their 
 
 Refpe£live Sees fucli as were alive; and Epifcopacy was eftablidied over 
 all the two Kingdoms, which laded till the Revolution', at which Time 
 Epifcopacy was quite aboUflied, and again eftablifhed with- 
 
 out Biihops, as it was during the Ufurpation of Cromwell ; Everfmce 
 the Epifcopal Clergy have but Private Meeting- Houfes, infomeParts 
 of the Nation, But many of the moft Antient Families of the No- 
 bility and Gentry over the'Nation are ftill Profeftbrsof the Church 
 of England, and keep for their Chaplains Epifcopal Clergymen. 
 
 There are Four Ecclefiaftical Courts in Scotland, viz. the General 
 AlTembly of the Kirk, the Synod, the Preshytry, and the Seffion. 
 
 The General Aflembly was coRftituted in the Minority of King 
 James the Sixth, It is made up of two Presbyterian Minifters, and a 
 Ruling Elder ffom ^very Shire or Preshytry, a Commiffioner from 
 every Unij^prfity, and'? High Commiffioner Reprefentin^ the Perfoii 
 of the Sovereign ; ; wiien tljicy, meet (as: they always ,do at i^^inhurgh 
 every Year jrr 'the Month of May) the Firft Thing they don is to 
 Chufe a Moderator, who is placed as their Prelident or Judge, to 
 Piear and Determine all Cafes; all the Reft of the Brethren have e- 
 qual Power and AtHbority ; fo that all weighty. Matters are decided 
 by Plurality -of Voices.. T.he Synod is inferior to the Affembly; .the 
 Pr^.sbytry infefior'Co.rjthe Synod, and the Kirk Seffion inferior to the 
 Preshytry. . ■ , ■ . 'y ’ 
 
 Of the Laws of Scotland in General. 
 
 The Laws of Scotland is made up. of the Municipal and CivilLaws ; 
 The Municipal confifts either of Adfs of Parliament, or of the Cuftom 
 and Pradtices of the Co'llcdge of Juftice which are held of no Icfs 
 Force than Afts- of Parliament, and when neither of thefe contradidts, 
 the Civil Law is offEoixie. The Lawyers being generally Great OVi- 
 Hans, for they go to Lyden and other Places to Study the Civil Law, 
 in which they are generally very Learned, 
 
 The 
 
Of SCOTLAND. 
 
 The Law of Scotland is Eafy and Regular by Reafoii of Regifters 
 which are fo full, that Titles are much moreeafily learned where thofc 
 Regifters are, then can be done without them; by this Means, Men 
 are fure not to be cheated in buying or conveying Eftates, which may 
 appear from thefe following Inftances. 
 
 Firft, No Mancanbave a Right to an EJlate^ hut by his 'heing feifed of 
 it, which is done by delivering Earth and Stone ; upon which an In- 
 firument is made, called a Seifing ; and this within Sixty Days after 
 rnufi be Regifirated, elfe it is of no Force : By this Means allfecret Coiu 
 veyances are cut off. 
 
 Second, j4U Bonds have a Claufe in them for inferting them in th^ 
 Publick Regiflers ; and they being Regiftred without any further All ion 
 upon a Charge of Six Days, the Debitor muji make payment, otherwife 
 Writs called Letters of Horning, Caption, and Poynding are given out 
 by the Firfi of which, the Party is Oiit-lawed and Denounced Rebel, and 
 forfeits to the King his Perfonal E(iate ; and if he continues a Tear un- 
 der it, the Liferent of his real Eflate ; in which the Creditor is to be 
 preferred for his Interefl, the Refi goes into the Exchequer ; By the Let- 
 ters of Caption the Party is Seized and put in 'Prifon, nor is his Houfe 
 a Place of Safety, but may be fearched for him : And by the Letters of 
 Poynding the Debitors Goods may be Diftrained wherever- they can he 
 found. 
 
 Third, Any Creditor may ferve a Writt called Letters of Lnhibition, 
 by which the. Debitor can make no Difpojition of his Eft ate or Goods till 
 ■the Creditor be fatisfied : If thefe Letters be not Returned and Regiftred 
 within 21 Days after they areferved, they are of no Force, But they 
 being duly Served, Returned, and Regiftred, all the Conveyances the De- 
 bitor can make after, ^rrNulL Thus the Ancient Kingdom of Scotland 
 has for many Generations been polfelTed by a Race of Subfcils as well 
 as Sovereigns, whofe Antiquity and Long Pofleflions of their Kftates 
 exceeds moft Nations of Europe, and may compare with any Nation. 
 
 The Government of the Kingdom before the Union, was Governed 
 by a Council of State or Privy Council, confiding of thofe properly- 
 called Officers of State, and others of the Nobility and Gentry, whom, 
 the Sovereign was pleafed to appoint. The Officers of State were 
 Eight in Number, ('z/zz.) the Lord High-Chancellor, Lord High-. 
 Treafurer, Lord Secretary of State, the Lord Prefident of the Council 
 and Seffion, Lord Treafurer Depute, Lord Regifter, Lord Juftice 
 General, or Lord Juftice Clerk^ and Lord Advocate. 
 
 The Adminiftrarion in Civil Affairs, was and is ftill lodged in the 
 Lords of the Council and Seffion, who are 15 in Number, whereof 
 one is, Prefident,. and to thofe are joined foiiie of the-Nobleroeib undeif 
 ' . “ ■ "" ' the 
 
A VISCmTTlOJ^C 
 
 the Defignation of Extraordinary Lords of Seffion. This Court is 
 eflcem’d one of the inoft Augulf and Learned Judicatories \n Europe) 
 it iscaOed the College of Jutf ice, or theSeflion; which was Antiently an 
 Ambulatory Court, but was fettled as it is now, by ¥>Ax\g- Jaynes' the 
 Fifth. 15 32 . The Fifteen Ordinary Lords are called Senators of the 
 Colledgeof Juflice,and havea Yearly Sallary paid them by the Crown, 
 and are to continue during Life, except guilty of Treafon ; But the 
 Extraordinary Lords have no Sallary and are not obliged to Atten- 
 dance, but when they pleafe to fit they have a Vote : This Court fits 
 from the Firlf of Jane till the Lafi of July, and from the Firfi ofiVa- 
 vernbertiW February ; {Chriflmas Holy-Days always excepted 
 
 till the Revolution) they Sit all the l)ays of the Week except Sunday 
 Monday) from Nine of the Clock in the Morning till Twelve. 
 
 There is an Outer-FIoufe and an Inner- Ffoufe. In the Outer- 
 Houfe there is a Bench, where one of the Senators fits Weekly, (and 
 all of them except the Frefident have their Turns in it) who hears all 
 Caufes Originally, and where the Cafe is Clear, he gives Sentence ; 
 But if it be Intricate and Doubtful, or if either Party defires it, he 
 Reports it to the Refi of the Lords, who either fend out their An- 
 fwer by him, or appoint it to be heard before themfelves. Befides the 
 Senator upon the Bench in the Outer-Houfe, there is a Side- Bar, to 
 w’hich one of the Senators comes out weekly, alfo by Turns, and re- 
 ceives and anfwers all Petitions and Bills: As this Outer-Houfe is a 
 Court of great Difpatch ; the Inner-Houfe where all the Refi of the 
 Senators fits is a Court of great State and Order : The Senators fit 
 in a Semi-circle in Rich , Robes, and the Lord Prefident in the Middle 
 ot the other Senators, his Chair being Larger than the Reft is placed 
 in the Centre. Under them Sit the four Principal Clerks of Seffion, 
 who write all the moft Material Heads of what is pleaded at the Bar, 
 where the pleadings are very Longand Learn’d,alfo the Depute Clerks 
 ■fit under the Bench in the Outer-Houfe to the fame Purpofe. When 
 the Senators have (after all parties are removed) Confidered the plea- 
 dings they give their Sentence : Their F'inal Sentence determines all 
 'Bufinefs in their Court, there lying no Appeal from them, only to 
 the Parliament oi Scotland. The Lords of Seffion’s decifive Sentence, 
 is called a from the Latin Decreta. 
 
 The next Supreme Court is the Juftice Court where all Criminals 
 are Tu’yed, it confifis of a Lord Jufiice-General, and- a Lord Juftice 
 Clerk, who is his Affiftant, and Four other Lards of the Seffibn, ca'lfd 
 _Lords Commiffioners oijufticiary. The Lord Juftice-General is not- 
 obliged to ferve allways in Perfon, but has a Depute.; all Tryals for 
 Life are in this Court which Sitts every Friday in time- of Seffion, in 
 
 the 
 
Of SCOTLAND. 
 
 ^ the Afternoon ; Here all the Subjefts are Tryed, Peers as well as 
 •Commoners. The Difference between a Peer and Commoner, in their 
 Tryal is; The Greater Part of a Peer’s Jury (Called bythe^’cof / Law 
 an Affize) mult be Peers: The Jury Confifts of Fifteen, the Foreman, 
 who is called the Chancellor of the Aflize, gathers and Reports the 
 Votes the plurality of Voices determines the matter. But fince the 
 Vnion this Court is Divided and make Circuits ovtv the Nation once 
 every Year. 
 
 The Court of Exchequer is the next Supreme Court ; before the 
 Vnion that Court did Confift ot the LordTreafarer (or the Commif- 
 fioners of the Treafury when it is in Commiffion) the Lord Treafurcr 
 deputy and fome Affiftants, called the Lords or Barons of Exchequer ; 
 But fince the 'L’w/ow, it is alter’d, becaufeallMattersrelatingto Cuftoms 
 and Excife is here Debated and Decided by the Barons which is the 
 -only Alteration ofthe Law of by the Vnion. In this Court 
 
 all the Sovereigns Grants, penfions, Gifts of Wards, Letters Patents, 
 and fuch Like are to be palfed. 
 
 Thefe are the Supreme Courts Scotland. The Seat of thefe Courts 
 is Edinburgh, which has been the Chief Seat of the Government this 
 many Years.’ Of the Inferior Courts of 5 'rofLa^/. 
 
 Next to the Supreme Courts is the Sheriff and Comilfary Courts ; 
 the Sheriffs are Generally Hereditary, and fuch as are not, are the 
 Gift of the King, which they Generally Enjoy during their Life-time, 
 or the Reign: Except in Cafes ofTranfgreffions. 
 
 They are one in every Shire, and are Judges of Theft and leffer 
 Crimes : As Ukewife Murder, if the Murderer be taken in hot Blood 
 (as they call it, when the Perfon is newly Slain) : But though there 
 ly’s no Appeal in this Kingdom in any Court, yet there is fomewhat 
 ■Equivalent to it for the Supreme Courts by a Writ t, called an Jd- 
 vocation, vnzy take any Caufe out of the Hands of -Inferior Judges, 
 and order it to be brought before themfelves. 
 
 The GommilTaries of every Shire are Judges of Petty Debts, and 
 can give Letters and Diligence to Diftrain for any Sum not exceed- 
 ing 500 Marks sS'ct)/'/. 
 
 There arealfo many Regalities in the Kingdom of Scotland, where 
 the Lord of the Regality has a Royal Jurifdiftion within his Grounds, 
 and Powerof Life and Death; befides many other great Immunities 
 and Priviledges. This begun chiefly in Church-Lands; for the Bi- 
 fliop and fome Abbots had thefe Regalities granted them, and fome 
 of t^he Anticnt Pe,ers got the lame Power beftowed upon them ; and 
 many'of the Peers and Lairds have fince got their Lands ercaed 
 into Regalities. The, Judge is called S^zV/Vofthe Regality, who fits 
 
 I as 
 
At)lSCmTtl03^ 
 
 as often as there is Occafion; mofi of them being fo by Inheritance r 
 Thcfe beinggivcn by the Sovereign ; a Churchman nor being allowed 
 to give a Coinmiffion in Canfa Sanguinis. 
 
 Befides thefe Courts, every Gentleman that holds a Barony ofthe 
 Sovereign has a Baron Court, in which lefs Matters are alfo Judged ; 
 and they may Fine and Dillrain, and alfo Punifli for Felony. 
 
 For all the other Particulars that relate to the Regalities, Supe- 
 riorities and other Laws of Scotland. Such as arc Curious may find 
 full Satisfaffion in that moft Learned Work of Craig's De Jure feu- 
 fJalis, and in the Learned Sir George Mackenzie ot Rofe-Haugifs In- 
 ilitutions of the Laws of Scotland^ as alto in the Prefent State of 
 the Colledge of Judice, and the Inftitutions ofthe Laws of Scotland 
 by the Learned Mr. John Spotfwood Advocate and ProfelTor of the 
 Laws of Scotland. 
 
 Of the Burroughs of SCOTLAND. 
 
 The Burroughs are of three Sorts; •cither Royal Burroughs, Bur- 
 roughs of Regali ty, or Burroughsof Barony. The Former have Com- 
 miliioners in Parliament, and belides area State apart, for they meet 
 Yearly in a Convention, called the Convention of Burroughs, fro^m 
 each of them comes a Commiffioner to the Place tlicy appoint the 
 Meeting; tiicre they make Laws for therafelves about Trade and 
 other Things relating to their Corporations : They hold thefe Meet- 
 ings in a Circuit around the Head-burroughs ; and at the End ofone 
 Convocation they Name the Time and Place for the Next. 
 
 In thefe Burroughs there is a Proved (or Mayor) who has the chief 
 Power; and there are Four Bailies (or Aldermen) tFat are next to 
 him in the Governmenr. There is alfo a Dean of (named among 
 the Romans ^dilisj) who is the Chief Judge among the Merchants: 
 Likewife a Treafurerand Common Councel, the One Half ofwhich 
 is chofen by the Merchants, the other Half by the Tradefmen, once 
 every Year : The Trades have a Court of their own, in which there 
 is one from every Trade, who is called the Deacon ofthe Trade, and 
 ca'ch Trade doth chufe one among themfelves, to fit Prefident 
 in all their Meetings, and Affairs, who is called Deacon Conveener, 
 by his Order they arc to meet as their Bufinefs requires : Thefe Dea- 
 cons.are chofen Yearly by the Fieemen of their Trade, and have a 
 little Jurifdiiffion over them. 
 
 The Burroughs of Regality are the Towns where the Lords of Re- 
 galities hold th?ir Courts ; The Chief Magidrates are named by the 
 'Lord the Red is chofen by the Inhabitants having Right -. 'They have 
 alfo great Freedoms, Little Inferior to the Royal Burroughs ; only 
 they have noCommiffioners in Parliament. 
 
Of SCOTLAND. 
 
 The Burroughs of Barony are Market-Towns, where the Lords of 
 the Barony name fome of the Magidrates ; and the Corporations 
 Chufc the Reft. In all thefe Burroughs the Magiftracy is no Matter 
 of Burthen, nor Charge, but of Power and Advantage ; from whence 
 arile great Faftions and Contentions amongft all of them in raoft of 
 the Burroughs. 
 
 The Univerfitys in ^cot-land are 4 'viz. St. Andrews^ Glajfgow, A- 
 berdeen^ and Edinburgh. 
 
 The Univerfity of St. Andrews was founded by Arc]i-BifliopHc»>7 
 Wardlaw.^ Anno Chrift, i 4 i 2 . It is endowed with very ample Privi- 
 ledges ; The Arch-Bi(liops,of St. Andrews are Perpetual Chancellors 
 thereof. The Reftor is chofen Yearly, his Power is the fame with 
 that of the Vice-Chancellor oi Oxford ox Cambridge.^ thereare in this 
 Univerfity ,3 Colledges t»iz.St. Salvators^ St. LeduArds-.^ and New Colledge. 
 
 St. Salvator's (ZoWtAgt was founded by James Kennedy Arch-Bifliop 
 of St. Andrews^ who Built the tAddifice, furniftied it with Coftly Or- 
 naments, and provided a Sufficient Revenue for the Maintainance of 
 the Mafters and Proleifors. 
 
 St. Leonard's Colledge was founded by John Hepburn Prior of St. 
 Andrews 1520. And. New-Colledge was founded by James Beaton 1530. 
 
 The Univerfity of C/ij/ZgoH? was founded by King the fecond 
 
 Scotland^ in the Year i 45 3 . 
 
 The Univerfity of Aberdeen was founded by King the fourth 
 andWi/liam Elphingflon Bifiiop of Aberdeen, in the Year i 494 * It is 
 Endowed with as ample Prtviledges as any Univerfity in Chrijiendom\ 
 and Particularly, the foundation Relates to the Priviledges of Paris 
 and Bononta, but hath no Relation to Oxford or Cambridge ; In the 
 Reign of King Alexander the 2d. Anno. i2iOi Where this Univer- 
 fity was founded, there was a Studium Generale in Colledgio Canonico- 
 rum ; where there were Profeffors and Doftors of Divinity, and of 
 the Cannon and Civil-Laws, and many Learned Men have flourilhed 
 therein. ThisUniverfity is called the King’s Colledge in Old- Aberdeen. 
 
 In New-Aberdeen is the Marifhall CoUidge founded by George Keith 
 Earl Marfh all Anno. 1593. His Lordfliip gave for Maintainance of 
 the Profeflbrs thereof feveral Lands, X^xn^nteix Aberdeen d^nddit Bervy 
 in Merns. Tht Univerfity oh Edinburgh was founded by King James th^ 
 6th Anno. 1510. The Priviledges of this Univerfity are the fame 
 with thofe of any other Univerfity in the Kingdom! 
 
 Ehe Blazon of the Atchievement of the Kings of Scotland before they 
 
 were Kings 0/ Britain. 
 
 T He Arms of the Kingdom of Scotland is or a Lyon Rampant 
 Gules Armed- and Languid A^^ure. wifhip a Double Tref- 
 
 h\m 
 
A <J)ISC^ITT10:AC 
 
 Hire, flower’d, and Counter flower’d with flowers De Lice of the 
 fecond, encircled with the order of Scotland^ thi fame being 
 Compofed of Kue and Thifiles, having the Image of St. Andrew with 
 the Crofs on his Bread : Above the Shield amHelmet, a Mantle or 
 Doubled Ermine^ adorn’d with an Imperial Crown Beautified with 
 Croffes, Patee and Flowers de Lice furmountcd on the-Top, for his 
 Majedy’s Cred of a Lyon Sejant full-Faced Gules Crown’d or Hold- 
 ing in his Dexter paw a Naked Sword Proper, and in the Sineder, 
 a fcepter Both erreited pale- ways; fupported by Two. Unicorns Ar- 
 gent Crown’d, to the Lad chains affixed, Pafling betwixt their fore 
 Leggs, and Reflexed over their Backs, or. He on the Dexter Em- 
 bracing and bearing up a Banner of Cloath of Gold charged with the 
 Royal Armes of Scotland^ and he on the Sineder another Banner 
 Azure Charged with St. Andrews Crofs argent. Both dandingona 
 Compartment placed underneath, from which Illue two Thidles, one 
 towards each fide of the Enfcutcheon. And for his Majedy’s Motto 
 in a Scrol above all. In Defence, and underneath in the Table of the 
 Compartment; Nemo Me Impunt Lacejfet. 
 
 The Hidorians of our own and Foreign Nations afifert, that Fer- 
 gus the Fird had the Lyon for his Armes whpn he Fird went with 
 an Arm.y of the Scots againd the Pi^is and Britons. 
 
 The Double Treffure Flowered and Counter-flower’d was Given 
 by Chark’Maigne Emperor and King of to our Kings, when 
 he enter’d into a League with Achaius King of Scotland, to fliew 
 that the French Lillies fhould Guard the Scots Lyon. 
 
 The Royal Badges and Symboles of the Kingdom of Scotland are 
 aThidlc ofGold Crown’d, the White Crofs of St. Andrew in aBlue 
 Field. The Standard Bearing this Crofs, is a Badge Derived to us 
 from the PiUs. For this Crofs having Appeared of that colour in 
 the Sky, to Achaius om King, and Hungus King of the before 
 a. Battle they Fought againd Athelflane King of England, wherein 
 Athelfiane was flain and his Army Totally defeated; the Kings of the 
 P/cT/ did ufe this Crofs in their Bannars, and they being Extinguiflied, 
 the King of Scotland affumed the Badge. 
 
 The Order of the Thidle was erefted by King Achaius (and the 
 Motto {JNemome impune laceffet) ■a\l6 which is fo Exactly Adapted to 
 the Nature of the Thidle) is the Chief Badge of Honour that 
 can be conferred on any Subjedf of the Kingdom of Scotland. 
 
 FINIS. 
 
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CALL NUMBER 
 
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