DUKE UNIVERSITY LIBRARY Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2018 with funding from Duke University Libraries https://archive.org/details/genealogyofexist01 lodg THE GENEALOGY OF THE EXISTING BRITISH PEERAGE. With this Volume is Published, THE SIXTH EDITION. TO WEISE NOW JTXST sTiBEI.. THE ARMS OF THE PEER S. UiTEPuIT EN 31 ATEI _-vVI H»CaSB*MU 3 SBI WOT TEI TEET. THE PEERAGE OF THE BRITISH EMPIRE CGlL&SCTEr TO THE BASS :>? PI ~Kl.ir--. TinX- FR.VM THE FEESOXaI rniorrxiCATKfl^f or thi xqbujtt. Bt EDMUND LODGE. Es&.. norms E 38 t or r.s. s - A.t_ • Tbns vice. ri- j ~ - -rear vnnt — mu tis .r: antiwarr of Hr. Loan: 1.' r pisi I? PT i »’ imr . mi .- tiit work ’rrmrtn iowi lo Hit ias craiij oi of i eers ” — -laterary Gasezu.. “ A wore winch corrects s erras of farmer worts. It is the prococnan af a —•. ••• ■■ _—i. : _ .. • '■ 7 -• ... L inert. to- Vjr:r of E -nr of Arms. It is l most nseftL t't- 0 _Lcau:ii.~ — Tvruee. - Mr Hit.-- Peeract mns: sctiersent i _ otiisr v : rts :c tht kin. fnrrw: reasons ti-w. it is oi a better plan: and. secandfr. it is better executed. IEt can safeJr Ti^fTTifiTmfr- it io i»f tiit readiest, the mas: nssrn- and exacsest of mooem works oi titt sciijeci.' r — >7 xtcuuvr. - Tiit pr-itnmai of Ecmcni Loire. Esc. Karri-f Kim af Arms, whose spieno: Bj cm -i t of T~'’7rg—i mu. Persimacee stands at iMUtafjec saeeimei if nstonca Li ee~ ratnR and mamnfioent Tin ar te i rn l.Mr L 'trii iHsnts ar* : ~ ::: m- fa: tie task tit has undertaken wt Beei c n2y ant>eil to ins former prndneaems. It cod- tims tot exact star.: : the Teerart as :: r w trisa. with HI tht C-dated Branches, their or. wrt t t tht lit"'::.:— nf tot different inffiriduais connecter with each f aTrnh ~.~ — Juki. JtuL ~ Trio vice shone, font a portion of every rentiemaL s dnraiT. A: ;_times the nfir- m at t m. vT.icr it contains, aerved iron timcda) sources, exclusive .y a: tht com¬ mand of tht author, is of imt>ortanct to most biases of tht communin': to the anuouarp i: mas: lit nrvafnahje, for implicit reliance mar he placed oi its contents" - > IK THE GENEALOGY OF THE EXISTING BRITISH PEERAGE WITH SKETCHES OF THE FAMILY HISTORIES OF THE NOBILITY BY EDMUND LODGE, ESQ NORROY KING OF ARMS, F.S.A. Sec. SIXTH EDITION WITH THE ARMS OF THE PEERS LONDON SAUNDERS AND OTLEY, CONDUIT STREET 18-38 PRINTED LONDON: IBOTSON AND PALMER, SAVOY STREET. PREFACE IS3S TO THE NEW AND ENLARGED EDITION. The encouragement afforded to this Work has, in the present Edition, dictated a complete revision of the whole. The Armorial Bearings, now for the first time prefixed to the account of each line of Noble Ancestry, render the Work com¬ plete in itself, and uniform with the Volume of The Peerage, which it is intended to accompany and illustrate. To pursue this subject further would be inconsistent with the plan and intention of Prefatory explanation. The object of the whole Work, in its two distinct yet combined characters, has been useful and correct information, and the reception it has expe¬ rienced from its Noble Patrons, and the Public, will furnish the best evidence of its merits. College of Arms. EDMUND LOpGE, Norroy. b ■ PREFACE. I he design and method of this volume have been already so fully explained in that which will perhaps be usually found to accompany it, under the title of “ The Peerage of the British Empire as now Existing,” that scarcely any explanation of its design or contents will be here necessary. As the present state of the Peerage of the three kingdoms will form the matter of that volume, so will this before us offer to our view the earlier story of the Ancestors and Families of the Nobility of the present day—the commencement of a chain of information not less acceptable to the historical antiquary than its later links may probably be found by the more light and casual reader. EDMUND LODGE, Norroy. College of Arms. VI ABBREVIATIONS. Hon. Honourable. b. bom. m. married. un/m. unmarried. d. died. P.C. Privy Counsellor. E.I.C. East India Company. K.G. Knight of the Garter. K.T. Knight of the Thistle. K.P. Knight of St. Patrick. G.C.B. Knight Grand Cross of the Bath. Iv.C.B. Knight Commander of the Bath. C.B. Companion of the Bath. G.C.H. Grand Cross of the Guelphs of Hanover. K.C.H. Knight Commander of the Guelphs of Hanover Communications for this work are requested to be addressed (post free) to Edmund Lodge, Esq., Norroy King of Arms, Messrs. Saunders and Otley, Public Library, Conduit Street, London. CHANGES WHICH HAVE OCCURRED WHILE THE WORK HAS BEEN IN THE PRESS. Edward-Southwell, 3rd Viscount Bangor, d. 1 Aug. 1337, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Edward, present and fourth Viscount. Robert, 6th Earl of Cardigan, d. 14 Aug. 1337, and was succeeded by his only surviving son, James-Thomas, present and 7th Earl. LEICESTER, EARL OF. (Coke.) Peer of the United Kingdom. The Earl is grandson of Major Philip Roberts of the Horse Guards, by his marriage with Anne, only daughter of Edward Coke, Esq., of Holkham, Co. Norfolk, and sister of Thomas Coke, who formerly bore the titles which have recently been re¬ vived in the person of the present Peer. Through this marriage the inheritance of the ancient family of Coke finally devolved on the descendants of Major Roberts. Sir Edward Coke, the celebrated Judge, and the first of this family who raised the name to eminence, was descended from a line of ancestors long seated in the County of Norfolk, and was son of Robert Coke, Esq., of Mileham, and Winifred his wife, daughter and co-heir of William Ivnightley, Esq., of Morgrave Knightley, both in that county. Great as was this learned person’s celebrity and extensive his practice in the law, he obtained official rank first in Parliament; having been elected a representative of his native county to the House of Commons, he was placed in the chair of that assembly ; from which dignified station he was elevated, after pass¬ ing through the subordinate honours of the legal profession, to the high office of Lord Chief Justice of England. He was twice married, 1st, to Bridget, daughter and co¬ heir of John Paston, Esq., and 2ndly, to Lady Elizabeth Cecil, daughter of Thomas, Earl of Exeter ; and d. in 1633, leaving an ample estate to each of his five sons fol¬ lowing, the issue of his 1st marriage ; 1 Sir Robert Coke, who d. without issue in 1653. 2 Arthur, who d. in 1629, leaving four daughters, his co-heirs. 3 John, seated at Holkham ; he had seven sons, none of whom left issue. 4 Henry, ancestor of the former and present Earls of Leicester. 5 Clement, whose son Edward was created a Baronet in 1641, which title was successively inherited by his two sons. Sir Robert and Sir Edward, and became ex¬ tinct on the death of the latter in 1727. Henry Coke, Esq., of Thurrington, Co. Suffolk, the 4th son, and whose descend¬ ants finally became the sole male heirs of the Chief Justice, left an only son, Robert, who succeeded to the estate of Holkham, which on his death in 1679 devolved on his only son, Edward Coke, Esq., who d. in 1707, leaving four sons, none of whom left sur¬ viving issue, and one daughter, Anne, the wife of Philip Roberts, Esq., Major in the Horse Guards, and mother by him of several sons, of whom Wenman Roberts, Esq., the eldest, eventually inherited the estates of the Cokes. Sir Thomas Coke, K.B., the eldest son of Edward Coke, Esq., was created, in 1723, Baron Lovel of Minster Lovel, Co. Oxford, and in 1744, Viscount Coke of Holkham and Earl of Leicester. lie m. Lady Margaret Tufton,afterwards Baroness l)e Clifford, (See that title in this volume,) and having survived his only son Edward, Viscount Coke, who d. without issue in 1753, his titles became extinct on his death in 1759, and his estates devolved on his nephew, Wenman Roberts, Esq., who thereupon assumed the name and arms of Coke; he d. in 1776, leaving besides other issue, his eldest son, Thomas-William Coke, Esq., created, in 1837, Viscount Coke and Earl of Leicester of Holkham, Co. Norfolk. ix . GENEALOGY OF THE BRITISH PEERAGE. THE QUEEN AND ROYAL FAMILY. From all the illustrious Houses which, from the earliest historical period, have given Kings to England, her present Majesty is descended, and in her own paternal line traces an ancestry to which no family in modern Europe can boast superior antiquity. A long succession of princes, who, through the dark ages of Italian history, held various offices and possessions in the northern parts of that troubled country, were the predecessors of the Marquis of Este, whose pedigree from the ninth century is accu¬ rately preserved. Azo IV., Marquis of Este. having, by marriage with Cunegunda, daughter of Guelph III., Duke of Lower Bavaria, and sister and heir of Guelph IV., engrafted this ancient race upon a German stock of equal antiquity and larger dominion, left his possessions in Italy to his younger brother, Fulco, whose male descendants became extinct in 1790, by the death of Hercules III., Duke of Modena, now represented in the female line by a prince of the Austrian family. The House of Guelph, which thus became united to the paternal line of Este, loses the certainty of its pedigree in the remote ages to which it ascends; but had long been powerful and renowned when, in the 11th century, Azo IV., of Este, suc¬ ceeded to the inheritance of his brother-in-law. Guelph V., his son, by Cunegunda, was father of Henry the Black, who married Wulfhilda, daughter and heir of Magnus, Duke of Saxony on the Elbe. Their son, Henry the Proud, married Gertrude, daughter and heir of the Emperor Lothair, by Richenza, daughter and heir of Henry, Duke of Saxony on the Weser, who united in his own person, and by marriage, the inheritance of the ancient Dukes of Saxony in all their various xi QUEEN AND ROYAL FAMILY. branches, and of the Saxon Emperors; being himself descended through twenty male generations, all reigning Kings, Princes, or Dukes of Saxony, from Hengist, King of the Saxons, whose successful descent upon the coast of Kent gave rise to the establishment of the Kings of his lineage in Britain. In the person of Henry the Lion, Duke of Saxony and Bavaria, son of Henry the Proud, and Gertrude, heiress of Saxony, the House of Este attained a degree of power in the empire so formidable to the reigning Emperors that, by the pro¬ mulgation of the ban of the empire, in the year 1180, his vassals were instigated to assert their independence ; and, after a life spent in military achievements, and the display of prowess and heroism worthy of better success, he left at length to his posterity the possession of the Duchy of Brunswick only, while the present reigning Houses of Saxony, Bavaria, Brandenburg, Mecklenburg, Wirtemburg, Anhalt, and the first line of Austrian princes, rose on the ruins of their ancient inheritance. From Henry the Lion descended in the 11th degree, Ernest, Duke of Brunswick, who <1. in 1546 ; his elder son, Henry, was an¬ cestor of the present reigning Duke of Brunswick, and his younger son, William, was grandfather of Ernest, Elector of Hanover, whose marriage with the Princess Sophia, daughter of Frederick, 5th Elector Palatine, by the Princess Elizabeth, daughter of King James I., finally conducted the House of Brunswick to the throne of these realms. But in a volume devoted to the elucidation of British genealogies, a more par¬ ticular, however slight, sketch of the descent of the British Crown seems desirable. Our early history, like that of all other nations, is too much involved in the clouds of doubtful tradition to permit us to lay much stress on that pedigree of the House of Tudor, which, by claiming for it a descent from the ancient British kings, would place an heir of that race on the throne in the person of Henr\ t VII., from whom all our subsequent monarchs have descended. But from Cerdic, one of the earliest Saxon invaders, and founder of the kingdom of Wessex in the sixth century, the Royal lineage is unequivocal. Egbert, the seventeenth King of Wessex, 9th in paternal descent from Cerdic, united under his sceptre, about the year 828, by inheritance or conquest, all the kingdoms of the Saxon Heptarchy, and transmitted the kingdom undivided through fourteen successions and seven generations in the male line, to Edmund Ironside ; on whose death in 1017, Canute, the Dane, acquired the English Crown, his reign and those of his two sons forming an interruption to the line of Saxon Kings, which was temporarily restored under Edward the Confessor, the brother of Edmund Ironside, to be finally closed at his death in 1066. Edward the Confessor left no issue, but Edward, a son of Edmund Ironside, left a son, Edgar Atheling, and a daughter, Margaret, and from the marriage of the latter with Malcolm III., King of Scotland, proceeded all the subsequent kings of Scotland, till the accession of James VI. of Scotland to the English throne restored the true heir of this ancient and honoured line to the inheritance of his ancestors. The disorders which had affected the succession towards the close of the Saxon dynasty, terminated in the introduction of a foreign race through the result of the battle of Hastings ; and thenceforth William the Conqueror must be considered as the stock of the Royal family. WILLIAM I., sumamed the Conqueror, left three sons, 1 Robert, who suc¬ ceeded him as Duke of Normandy, and died without surviving issue in 1134; 2 William, his successor in the throne of England ; 3 Henry, who succeeded his brother William ; and several daughters, one of whom, Adela, m. Stephen, Count of Blois, and had four sons: 1 William, Count of Blois; 2 Theobald, Count of Champagne; 3 Stephen, who, residing at the English Court, found means to usurp the Crown on the death of his uncle King Henry I. ; 4 Henry, bishop of Winchester. William I. d. 9 Sept. 1087, and was succeeded on the throne by his 2nd son, WILLIAM II., who d. unm. 2 Aug. 1100. HENRY I., his brother, who succeeded, had one son, William, who died before him, and an only daughter, Matilda, to whom the nobles of England and Nor¬ mandy swore fealty as the successor of her father, and w r ho afterwards contested the crown with King Stephen; was herself crowned Queen in 1141, but again over¬ powered by Stephen, and compelled to retire to Anjou. She was first m. to Henry IV., Emperor of Germany, by whom she had no issue; and secondly, to Geoffrey Planta- genet, Count of Anjou, by whom she was mother of Henry, acknowledged by King Stephen as his successor. Henry I. d. 1 Dec. 1135. xii QUEEN AND ROYAL FAMILY. STEPHEN, the nephew of King IIenry, being on the spot at his death, anti enabled by the assistance of his brother, the bishop of Winchester, to seize the crown, retained it through numerous vicissitudes of fortune ; but was unable to trans¬ mit it to his descendants. He had two sons, who both died without issue, Stephen d. 25th Oct. 1154, when HENRY II., son of the Empress Matilda, and grandson of King Henry I peaceably ascended the throne, presenting the first example in our history, since the Conquest, of the triumph of hereditary right over temporary usurpation. Four of his sons lived to maturity, viz. 1 Prince Henry, whom lie caused to be crowned King, but who died in his father’s lifetime, without issue; 2 Richard, who suc¬ ceeded ; 3 Geoffrey, Earl of Britany, who died in his father’s lifetime, leaving two children, Arthur, Earl of Britany, and Eleanor, both of whom should have suc¬ cessively inherited the crown after the death of their uncle King Richard, but were superseded by the usurpation of John ; they both d. unmarried ; John, afterwards King. King Henry II. d. 6 July 1189. RICHARD I., his eldest surviving son, succeeded ; he d. without issue, 6 April 1199, when JOHN, taking advantage of the youth of Arthur, only son of his elder brother Geoffrey, obtained possession of the crown; to which his posterity at length ac¬ quired an hereditary right, by the extinction of Geoffrey’s descendants. King John d. 19 October 1216, and was succeeded by his eldest son, HENRY III., who d. 1(1 Nov. 1272. His eldest son, EDWARD I., succeeded him. By his first marriage with Eleanor, of Castille, this King had but one surviving son, Edward, the first Prince of Wales of the Royal family of England ; by his second marriage with Margaret of France he had two sons, Thomas de Brotherton, Earl of Norfolk, and Earl Marshal of England, from whom the office of Earl Marshal lias lineally descended through female heirs to the present Duke of Norfolk ; and Edmund Earl of Kent, whose male issue failed in his sons. King Edward I., d. 7 July 1307, and was succeeded by his eldest son, EDWARD II., who was dethroned 20 January 1327, and murdered the 21st of September in the same year. He was also succeeded by his eldest son, EDWARD III. The conflicting claims of this King’s numerous issue caused the long civil wars which disturbed the reigns of the subsequent Kings of the House of Plantagenet; and, though so well known to the British Public, and more usefully perhaps through the works of our immortal dramatic bard than even by those of our best historians, must be shortly noticed in this lineal sketch of the royal race. King Edward had five sons, who lived to maturity, viz.:— 1 Edward, Prince of Wales, the renowned Black Prince, whose only surviving issue was Richard, who succeeded his grandfather. 2 Lionel, Duke of Clarence. He left an only daughter, Philippa, m. to Edward Mortimer, Earl of March, by whom she was mo¬ ther of Roger, Earl of March ; he left a son, Edmund, Earl of March, who died without issue, and a daughter, Anne, heiress of her brother. She married Richard, Earl of Cambridge, 2nd son of Edmund, Duke of York, 4th surviving son of King Edward III. ; and thus, carrying into the House of York the hereditary rights of the Duke of Clarence, gave to that line a priority of claim through the female descent over the elder male line of Lancaster. By the Earl of Cambridge she had an only son, Richard, Duke of York, father, besides several sons who died young, of the three following: 1 King Edward IV. 2 George, Duke of Clarence, who being put to death in the reign of his bro¬ ther Edward, left by Isabella, eldest daughter and co-heir of Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick, the celebrated king-maker, one son Edward, Earl of Warwick, who was beheaded by King Henry VII., unm. ; and one daughter, Margaret, Countess of Salisbury, who married Sir Richard 1 ‘ B QUEEN AND ROYAL FAMILY. Pole ; her eldest son Henry, Lord Montague, lefttwo daughters, Catherine, married to Francis Hastings, Earl of Huntingdon, of which marriage the Marquis of Hastings is the representative ; and Winifred, married first to Sir Thomas Hastings, by whom she had no issue, and secondly, to Sir Thomas Barrington ; the lineal descendant and heir male of which mar¬ riage is Sir Fitz-william Barrington, Bart., who is consequently co-heir, with the Marquis of Hastings, of George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence. 3 King Richard III. 3 John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster ; he married first the Lady Blanche, daugh¬ ter of Henry, Duke of Lancaster, and at length sole heir of the house of Lancaster, descended from Edmund, 2nd son of King Hknrv III., by whom he had an only son, afterwards King Henry IV.; he married secondly, Constance, daughter of Peter the Cruel, King of Castille, and had an only daughter, heiress to the throne of Castille, who married Henry III., King of Castille. By Catherine, daughter of Sir Payne Roet, and widow of Sir Otcs Swinford, whom he afterwards married, John of Gaunt had a son, John, sumamed Beaufort, legitimated by Parliament, and created Earl of Somerset; he had three sons; 1 Henry, Earl of Somerset, who died un¬ married ; 3 John, who succeeded his brother, and was created Duke of Somerset. He died without issue male. 3. Edmund, 2nd Duke of Somer¬ set, who had two sons, Henry and Edmund, successively Dukes of Somer¬ set; with the latter of whom, who was beheaded by King Edward IV., in 1471, failed the legitimate male line of John Beaufort, Earl of So¬ merset, the legitimated son of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster; but Ilenrv, Duke of Somerset, his elder brother, left a natural son, Charles, who assumed the surname of Somerset, was created Earl of Worcester, and was ancestor of the present Duke of Beaufort. John, Duke of Somerset, 2nd son, as above, of John Beaufort, Earl of Somerset, left an only daughter. Lady Margaret Beaufort, m. first to Edmund Tudor. Earl of Richmond, eldest son of Owen Tudor (a supposed descendant of Cadwatlader, King of Bri¬ tain, by Catherine, daughter of Charles VI., King of France, widow of Henry V. and mother of Henry VI., Kings of England; secondly, to Sir Henry Stafford; and thirdly, to Thomas, Lord Stanley, and Earl of Derby. By the two last she had no issue, but by Edmund Tudor, Earl of Richmond, she was mother of King Henry VII. 4. Edmund, Duke of York. He left two sons, 1 Edward, his successor, Duke of York, who died without issue. 2 Richard, Earl of Cambridge, who m., as before related, Anne, daughter of Roger Mortimer, Earl of March, grand-daughter of Philippa, only daughter of Lionel, Duke of Clarence, and heiress of the pretensions of the line of Clarence , their only son Richard, who succeeded his uncle as Duke of York, was father, as above, of King Edward IV., George, Duke of Cla¬ rence, and King Richard III. 5 Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester, who left no surviving sons. His only daughter who had issue was Anne, m. first to Thomas, 4th Earl Stafford without issue; secondly, to Ed¬ mund his brother, 5th Earl Stafford; and thirdly, to William Bourchier, Earl of Ewe: from the latter marriage descended the family of Devereux, Earls of Essex, and through their female heirs the present Duchess of Buckingham and Chandos. From the second marriage, the line of Staf¬ ford, Dukes of Buckingham, of which, and of Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester, the present Lord Stafford is, through females, the lineal representative. King Edward III., having survived his eldest son the Black Prince, d. 21 June, 1377, and was succeeded by his grandson, RICHARD II., only surviving son of the Black Prince ; he d. 14 February 1400, having been deposed 29 September 1399, by the Parliament, which, passing over the lineal claim of Edmund Mortimer, Earl of March, by female descent from Lionel, Duke of Clarence, 2nd son of King Edward III., declared the crown to have de¬ scended upon the son of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, 3rd son of King Ed¬ ward III., by the name of HENRY IV. He d. 20 March 1412, and was succeeded by his eldest son. QUEEN AND ROYAL FAMILY. HENRY V., who, dying 31 August 1422, was succeeded by his only son, HENRY VI., who was finally deposed on the 4th March 1461. He d. 21 May 1472, and, having survived his only son Edward, Prince of Wales, in him ended the legitimate male line of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, the third son of King Edward III. But the civil war, which had raged through a large portion of this unfortunate monarch’s reign, had during his lifetime seated upon the throne the heir of the rival house of York, EDWARD IV., descended as above, in the female line, from Lionel, Duke of Clarence, second son of King Edward III. He d. 9 April, 1483, leaving issue, be¬ sides several younger daughters, 1 King Edward V. 2 Richard, Duke of York, murdered in the Tower, with his elder brother. 3 Elizabeth, heiress of the house of York ; who, transmitting her rights to her children, their final establishment on the throne produced the triumph of the lineal succession in the elder line through females, in preference to the junior male heirs ; but it must be acknowledged that this settlement did not actually take effect till after the total extinction of the male line of Plantagenet. She m. King Henry VII., and by him, besides other issue, was mother of King Henry VIII., and of Marga¬ ret, from whose marriage with James IV., King of Scotland descended James I., and all the subsequent kings of Great Britain. EDWARD V. succeeded his father, under the protectorate of his uncle, Richard, Duke of Gloucester, and was by him murdered in the Tower; but not till after the Protector, having found means of setting aside all the issue of King Edward IV., on the allegation of illegitimacy, had himself ascended the throne by the name of RICHARD III. The murder of his two nephews should have devolved their rights on their eldest sister, the Princess Elizabeth ; and lest even the plea of male inheritance might give a shadow of sanction to the usurpation of that crown, for the descent of which on the female heirs the house of York had so long and strenu¬ ously contended, it must be remembered that Edward, Earl of Warwick, only son of George, Duke of Clarence, next brother of King Edward IV., and elder brother of Richard, was still in existence. The usurpation and tyranny of this monarch, who left no surviving issue, having alienated a large portion of the nation, the power of the Lancasterians revived, and the battle of Bosworth, in which he lost his life, 22 August 1485, transferred the crown to the distant and scarcely legitimate scion of the house of Lancaster, HENRY VII. ; the son, as above stated, of Edmund Tudor, Earl of Richmond, by the lady Margaret Beaufort, grand-daughter and lineal heir of John Beaufort, Duke of Somerset, the legitimatized son of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster. By his marriage with Elizabeth, eldest daughter of King Edward IV., he finally closed the contest between the rival houses of York and Lancaster. They had issue, be¬ sides other children w'ho died in infancy, two sons and two daughters, 1 Arthur, Prince of Wales, who died in his father’s lifetime, without issue by his consort, Catherine, daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella, King and Queen of Castille and Arragon, who afterwards became the first wife of his surviving brother, 2 Henry VIII. 3 Princess Margaret, m. to James IV., King of Scotland, by whom she was mo¬ ther of James V., King of Scotland, killed at the battle of Flodden, 9 September, 1513, leaving an infant daughter and heir, Mary Queen of Scots, who had no issue by her first husband, Francis II., King of France; but by her second, Henry Stuart, Lord Darnley and Douglas, was mother of James VI., King of Scotland, and I. of Great Britain. 4 Princess Mary, m. first to Louis XII., King of France; and, secondly, to Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk. By her first husband she had no issue, by her second she had two daughters, 1 Lady Frances Brandon, m. to Henry Grey, Marquis of Dorset, and Duke of Suffolk, by whom she had three daughters, 1 Lady Jane Grey, proclaimed Queen of England, under the will of King Edward VI., and beheaded with her husband. Lord Guilford Dudley, by order of Queen Mary, 12 February 1554 without issue. 3 b 2 QUEEN AND ROYAL FAMILY. 2 Lady Catherine Grey, m . to Edward, Earl of Hertford, son of the Protector, Edward, Duke of Somerset; by whom she had a son, Edward, Viscount Beauchamp, whose lineal heir is the Duchess of Buckingham and Chandos. .3 Lady Mary Grey, who m. Henry Keyes, and d. without issue. 2 Lady Eleanor Brandon, who, by Henry Clifford, Earl of Cumberland, had an only daughter. Lady Margaret Clifford, m. to Henry Stanley, Earl of Derby, by whom she had issue. King Henry VII., d. 21 April 1509, and was succeeded by his only surviving son, HENRY VIII. To recite the numerous marriages of this monarch is not neces¬ sary to our purpose, as they eventually produced no change in the succession. By three different Queens, he left issue one son and two daughters, viz.:—King Edward VI., Queen Mary, and Queen Elizabei h. The King d. 28 January 1547, and was succeeded by his only son, EDWARD VI., who d. unm. 6 July 1553, and, notwithstanding his testament in favour of his cousin, the Lady Jane Grey, was succeeded by his eldest sister. Queen MARY. She m. Philip II. King of Spain, but dying without issue, 17 Nov. 1558, was succeeded by her sister. Queen ELIZABETH ; on whose death, 24 March 1603, the issue of King Henry VIII. became extinct, and she was succeeded by the King of Scotland, JAMES I., King of Great Britain, great grandson of the Princess Margaret, Queen of Scotland, eldest daughter of King Henry VII., and the lineal heir to the throne on the extinction of the line of King Henry VIII. Besides several children, who died infants, the King had, by his consort, Anne, daughter of Frederick II., King of Denmark, two sons and a daughter ; 1 Frederick-Henry, Prince of Wales, who d. unm . 16 November 1612. 2 King Charles I. 3 Princess Elizabeth, who m.' Frederick, 5th Elector Palatine and King of Bohemia, by whom she had a numerous issue, all of whom became Roman Catholics, or died without issue before the death of the Duke of Gloucester in 1700, except her youngest daughter. The Princess Sophia, on whom, and the heirs of her body, being Protestants, the Crown of Great Britain was, by the Act of Settlement in 1701, en¬ tailed, and she therefore became the stock of the now reigning royal House. She m. Ernest Augustus, Elector of Hanover, and d. 8 June 1714. She had seven sons, who all d. unm. except King George I., and one daughter, Sophia-Charlotte, married to Frederick I.,'King of Prussia; of which marriage, the only issue that survived the period of infancy was Frederick- William I., King of Prussia, who m. his cousin, the Princess Sophia- Dorothea, only daughter of King George I. King James I., d. 6 April 1625, and was succeeded by his only surviving son, CHARLES I., who in. IIknrietta-Maria, daughter of Henry IV., King of France, and had, besides other children who died young, 1 King Charles II. 2 King James II. 3 Princess Mary, m . to William II., Prince of Orange and Stadtholder of Hol¬ land, by whom she had a posthumous son, of whom presently as King William III. 4 Henrietta-Maria, m. to Philip, Duke of Orleans, brother of Louis XIV., King of France, by whom he had an only daughter, Mary-Anne, m. to Victor Amadeus, Duke of Savoy, and afterwards King of Sardinia. She left by him one son and two daughters: 1 Charles-Emanuel I., King of Sardinia. His heir in direct male descent was Victor-Emanuel, late King of Sardinia, who d. 11 January. 1824, leaving four daughters; the eldest of whom, the Princess Maria-Beatrice- Victoria-Josephine, wife of Francis IV., Archduke of Austria, and Duke of Modena, is the present representative of King Charles I. 4 QUEEN AND ROYAL FAMILY. 2 Princess Maria-Adelaide, m. to the Duke of Burgundy, Dauphin of France, grandson of Louis XIV., King of France, and great-grandfather of Charles X., the ex-king of France. •1 Princess Maria-Louisa-Gabriella, m. to Philip V., King of Spain, by whom she was mother of Louis, and Ferdinand VI., Kings of Spain, neither of whom left issue. King Charles was sacrilegiously put to death by his rebel subjects 30 Jan. 1649, and was succeeded by his eldest son, CHARLES II. ; who m. Catherine, daughter of John IV., King of Portugal, but d. without issue by her, 16 February 1685, and was succeeded by his only brother, JAMES II. He was twice m., first to Anne, daughter, of Edward Hyde, Earl of Clarendon, who d. before his succession to the throne; and secondly, to Mary, daughter of Alphonzo of Este, Duke of Modena; by both marriages he had a numerous issue, most of whom d. in infancy : the survivors were, by the first mar¬ riage, Queen Mary and Queen Anne ; and by the second a son, James-Francis-Edward, commonly called the Pretender, whose two sons, Charles- Edward and Henry, d. without issue; the latter in July 1807, when the male line of the Royal House of Stuart became extinct. King James was held to have abdicated the throne by quitting the kingdom in 1688, and d. at St. Germains, in France, 16 Sept. 1701. He was succeeded on his abdication by his son-in-law and daughter, WILLIAM III. and MARY II. The Queen d. 1 January 1695, and the King 19 March 1702; they had no issue; and the crown devolved, on the King’s decease, upon Queen ANNE, second daughter of James II. ; by George, Prince of Denmark, her husband, she had several children, who all d. in very early age, William, Duke of Gloucester, the last survivor, on the 30th of July 1700. The Queen d. without surviving issue, 12 Aug. 1714, and was succeeded, according to the Act of Settle¬ ment, lately quoted, by the nearest Protestant heir, the Elector of Hanover, GEORGE I., b. 28 May 1660, m. 21 Nov. 1682, Sophia-Dorothea, daughter of his uncle, George, Duke of Brunswick Zell, whom he divorced 28 December 1694 ; she was b. 3 February 1666, and d. 13 November 1726 Their issue were 1 King George II. 2 Princess Sophia-Dorothea, b. 15 March 1687, m. 28 November 1706, Frederick-William I., King of Prussia, and d. 29 June 1757. King George I. d. 22 June 1727, and was succeeded by his only son, GEORGE II., b. 10 November 1683, m. 2 September 1705, Wilhelmina-Caro- line, daughter of John-Frederick, Margrave of Brandenburgh-Anspach, b. 1 March 1683, d. 1 December 1737. The King d. 25 October 1760, and, having survived his eldest son, was succeeded by his grandson, George III. The issue of King George II. and Queen Caroline were 1 Frederick-Lewis, Prince of Wales. 2 Anne, Princess Royal, b. 2 November 1709, m. 25 March 1734, William- Charles-Henry IV., Prince of Nassau and Orange, Stadtholder of Holland, and d. 12 January 1759. 3 Princess Amelia-Sophia-Eleanora, b. 10 June 1711 ; d. unmarried, 31 October 1786. 4 Princess Elizabeth-Caroline, b. 10 June 1713; d. unmarried 28 December 1757. 5 Prince George-William, b. 13 November 1717 ; d. 17 February 1718. 6 Prince William-Augustus, b. 26 April 1721 ; created Duke of Cumberland 27 July 1726 ; d. unmarried, 31 October 1765. 7 Princess Mary, b. 5 March 1723; m. 18 May 1740, Frederick, Landgrave of Hesse-Cassel, and d. 14 January 1772. 8 Princess Louisa, b. 18 December 1724 ; m. 11 December 1743, Frederick V., King of Denmark, and d. 2 December 1751. Frederick-Lewis, Prince of Wales, eldest son of King George II. was b. 31 January 1707 ; m. 8 May 1736, Augusta, daughter of Frederick II.. Duke of QUEEN AND ROYAL FAMILY. Saxe-Gotha, who d. 8 February 1772; he d. 31 March 1751, during the life-time of the King, his father, having had issue, 1 Princess Augusta, b. 11 August 1737 ; m. 17 January 1764, Charles-William- Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbuttel, and d. 23 March 1813. 2 King George-William-Frederick III. 3 Prince Edward-Augustus, b. 25 March 1739 ; created Duke of York 1 April 1760; d. unmarried 17 September 1767. 4 Princess Elizabeth-Caroline, b. 10 January 1741; Richard ; he d. 14 April 1745, having m. Dorothea, daughter of Major Green, by whom, besides a numerous issue, all deceased unm., he left 1 John, 4th Vis¬ count, who d. without issue 10 Nov. 1753. 2 Joshua, 5th Viscount, who suc¬ ceeded his brother, and was father of Joshua-W illiam, the present and 6th V iscount. 3 Elizabeth, m. 16 Dec. 1767 to Captain Browne. ALVANLEY, BARON. (Arden.) Peer of the United Kingdom. Ills Lordship is said to he descended from Aylwyn de Arden, Sheriff of the Co. War¬ wick, in the reign of Edward the Confessor. Sir John Arden of Arden, Co. Chester, Knt., m. 7 Feb. 1654, Margaret, daughter of the Rev. Thomas Leigh, D.D., and d. 6 Feb. 1702, leaving by her a son, Richard, who m. Bethia, daughter of Edward Bigland, Esq., and d. in Oct. 1752. John Arden of Hawarden, Esq., his son, d. 6 Jan. 1787, having m. Sarah, daugh¬ ter of Cuthbert, and sister and heir of Prescot Pepper, Esqs., of Pepper Hall and South Cawton, Co. York. He was father by her of 1 John Arden, Esq., of Arden and Pepper Hall. 2 Richard Pepper, Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, created Baron Alvanley of Alvanley, Co. Chester, in 1801, and father of William, the present Loan, who succeeded him in 1804. 3 Letitia, m. 1768, to the Rev. Edward Rudd, Rector of Haughton, Co. Durham. AMHERST, EARL. (Amherst.) Peer of the United Kingdom. This family is of Saxon origin ; from Hamo, Lord of Marourd, Sheriff of the Co. of Kent in the time of William the Conqueror, descended John Amherst of Am¬ herst, Co. Kent, living in 13.98, from whom the 9th in descent was Jeffrey Amherst, Esq., of Riverhead, Co. Kent, who d. in 1750, leaving issue, 1 Sackville Amherst, Esq., b. 1715, d. unm. 12 Dec. 1763. 2 Jeffrey, 1st Lord. A N G 3 John, Admiral of the Blue, m. Anne, daughter of Thomas Lindzee, Esq., and Dec. 17118, leaving issue by her, who d. in 178.5, a daughter Elizabeth, who m. the Hon. John Yorke, 4th son of the 1st Earl of Hardwicke ; and one son, William Lygon, created Baron Beauchamp of Powyk, Co. Worcester, in 1808, and Earl Beauchamp and Viscount Elmley in 1815. He was father of William- Beauciiamp, his successor, 2nd Earl, who succeeded him in 1818, and d. unm. in 1823; and of John-Reginald, 3rd and present Earl, who by Royal sign-manual resumed, in 1813, the paternal name of Pyndar only. BEAUFORT, DUKE OF. (Somerset.) Peer of England. No family of the British Peerage traces a longer line of illustrious descent than that of Beaufort. The three sons of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, (4th son of King Edward IV.,) all bearing the name of Beaufort, were legitimated by Act of Parlia¬ ment, with an exception against any claim to the Throne ; Thomas, Earl of Dorset and Duke of Exeter, who died without issue ; and Henry, the well-known Cardinal Beaufort, Bishop of Winchester, and Lord Chancellor, were the two younger of these legitimated sons. John de Beaufort, created in 1397 Earl of Somerset, was the eldest, and was father of three successive Earls, Henry, John, and Edmund. The eldest died unmarried; and the second, having been created Duke of Somerset in 1443, was constituted by his cousin, King Henry VI., Captain-General of the whole realm of France and Duchy of Normandy, and left an only daughter, Margaret, wife of Edmund Tudor, Earl of Richmond, and mother of King Henry VII., who, in her right, claimed the Crown, as heir of the House of Lancaster. Edmund, the 3rd son, Earl of Mortaigne and Marquis of Dorset, who succeeded his brother as Earl of Somerset, was likewise Regent of Normandy, and created Duke of Somerset. He was killed in the battle of St. Albans in 1455, leaving four sons, Henry, Edmund, John, and Thomas, the two eldest of whom were successively Dukes of Somerset, and all lost their lives either valiantly supporting in the field the declining fortunes of the House of Lancaster, or falling by the hands of the execu¬ tioner, victims to the spirit of party vengeance, which in that period deluged the scaffolds with the best blood of the realm. With Edmund, the 4th Duke of Somer¬ set, who was beheaded by King Edward IV., after the battle of Tewkesbury, ex¬ pired the legitimate descendants of the 1st Earl of Somerset; but Henry, the 3rd Duke, left an illegitimate son, Charles, to whom he gave the name of Somerset, and who obtained, from King Henry VII., the Order of the Garter ; he m. Elizabeth, sole daughter and heir of William Herbert, Earl of Pembroke, and 2nd Baron Herbert by writ, (1461,) and was created by patent, in 1506, Baron Herbert of Ragland, Chepstow, and Gower, and in 1514 Earl of Worcester ; he d. in 1526. Henry, 2nd Earl, their son, in¬ herited the Barony of Herbert by writ; he d. in 1549, and was succeeded by his eldest son, William, 3rd Earl, K.G. who d. in 1589. Edward, 4th Earl, K.G., succeeded his father, and was succeeded in 1828 by his son, 45 BED Henry, 5th Earl, who was created Marquis of Worcester, in 1642 ; he was amongst the most conspicuous defenders of the Royal cause, in the civil wars of the reign of Charles I.; assisting the King with large supplies both of men and money, and maintaining for four years, with 800 men, his Castle of Ragland, in the county of Monmouth, which was amongst the last places in England that surrendered to the rebels, and obtained, at last, in August 1646, an honourable capitulation from General Fairfax ; in violation of which, however, he was taken into custody, and died a pri¬ soner in December following. The Castle of Ragland was wholly destroyed, and injury to an immense amount was committed upon his property. He was succeeded by his eldest son, Edward, 2nd Marquis, also a distinguished Royalist. He was styled in his father’s lifetime Earl of Glamorgan, to which title he is said to have been created by patent in 1644 ; he d. in 1667, and was succeeded by his only son, Henry, 3rd Marquis, K.G., created Duke of Beaufort in 1682. On the ele¬ vation of William III. to the Throne, this noble Duke refused to take the oaths of allegiance, and consequently lived in retirement till his death in 1699, when he was succeeded by his grandson, Henry, 2nd Duke, K.G., son of Charles, Marquis of Worcester, who d. in the lifetime of his father, the 1st Duke. He d. in 1714, leaving only two sons, Henry, who d. without issue in 1745, and Chari.es-Noel, successively Dukes of Beaufort. Charles-Noel, 4th Duke, d. 28 Oct. 1756 ; having m. Elizabeth, sister and heir of Norborne Berkeley, Baron Botetourt : to which ancient Barony she succeeded on the death of her brother, and transmitted it in 1799, to her only son, Henry, 5th Duke, K,G., who is described at length with his issue in The Peerage Volume. He d. in 1803, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Henry-Charles, 6th Di ke, K.G.; to whom succeeded in 1836, his eldest son, Henry, present and 7th Duke. BEDFORD, DUKE OF. (Russell.) Peer of England. John Russell was Constable of Corfe Castle, Co. Dorset, in 1221 ; 8th in descent from him was John Russell, who entered into the service of King Henry VII., as a Gentleman of the Privy Chamber, and rose to be Comptroller of the Household, in that of King Henry VIII. He was created, in 1539, Baron Russell, of Cheneys, Co. Bedford, made a Knight of the Garter in the following year, and obtained con¬ siderable grants of land upon the dissolution of monasteries. He enjoyed many high offices under this King, and was appointed one of the Council of administration during the minority of King Edward VI., at whose Coronation he acted as High Steward. In 1550 he was created Earl of Bedford, and dying in 1554, was succeeded by his only son, Francis, 2nd Earl, K.G., who d. in 1585; having had four sons, viz. 1 Edward, Lord Russell, who d. without issue in his father’s lifetime. 2 John, Lord Russell, who also d. in his father’s lifetime, having had one son, who d. before him, and two daughters, Elizabeth, who d. unm ., and Anne, who m. Henry, 5th Earl, afterwards Marquis of Worcester. 3 Francis, summoned to Parliament as Baron Russell, was killed in an accidental fray on the Scottish borders, only one day before his father’s death, leaving an only son, Edward, 3rd Earl, who succeeded his grandfather, and d. without issue in 1627. 4 William, Lord Deputy of Ireland, created in 1603 Baron Russell of Thorn- 46 13 E L iiauoh ; he il. in 1613, leaving two sons; 1 Francis, his successor, 2nd Lord Rus¬ sell, of Thornhauqh, who succeeded his cousin as 4th Earl ; and 2 William, from whom a family of Russell, seated at Speldhurst, in Kent, descended. William, 5th Earl, K,G., eldest son of the 4th Earl, succeeded his father in 1641 ; in 1694 he was created Marquis of Tavistock and Duke of Bedford, and d. in 1700. He was father of William, the celebrated Lord Russell, who lost his life on the scaffold 21 July, 1683, but his attainder was annulled by Act of Parliament soon after the Revolution. lie m. Rachel Wriothesley, 2nd daughter and at length heir of Thomas, 4th Earl of Southampton, so distinguished for her conjugal affection, and left issue by her, Wriothesley, 2nd Duke, K.G. He was created Baron Howland of Streatham in 1695, before his accession to the Ducal title, by the death of his grandfather. He d. in 1711, leaving two sons, successively Dukes of Bedford, Wriothesley, 3rd Duke, who d. without issue in 1732, and John, 4th Duke, K.G., who d. in 1771, and was succeeded by his grandson, Francis, 5th Duke, eldest son of Francis, Marquis of Tavistock, who died before his father. The 5th Duke d. unm. in 1802, and was succeeded by his brother John, the present and 6th Duke. BELHAVEN, BARON. (Hamilton.) Peer of Scotland and of the United Kingdom. Sir John Hamilton was created Baron Belhaven and Stenton in 1647, and in 1675 had his patent renewed, with remainder to John Hamilton, husband of his grand-daughter Margaret, (daughter of Sir Robert Hamilton, Bart., by Anne, his Lordship’s 2nd daughter,) and the heirs male of his body, failing which, to the heirs male whatsoever of the said John Hamilton, who succeeded him as 2nd Lord, in 1679. The second Lord distinguished himself in Parliament by his opposition to the succession of the Duke of York, afterwards King James II., and was committed to the castle of Edinburgh, for applying seditious language towards him, terming him popish and fanatical. He concurred in the address calling the Prince of Orange to the throne; yet on an attempt of the French to invade Scotland on behalf of the son of James II., Lord Belhaven was sent prisoner to London on suspicion of favouring his cause. This indignity so wounded his spirit that he died immediately on his release from prison in June 1708. By Margaret Hamilton, his wife, he left a son, John, 3rd Lord, father of John, 4th, and James, 5th Lord. On the death of the latter, in 1777, the male line of the 2nd Lord became extinct and the title descended, according to limitation of the patent, to Robert, 6th Lord, grandfather of the present Peer, lineal descendant and heir male of William Hamilton of Wishaw, younger brother of James Hamilton of Barn- cleugh, grandfather of the 2nd Lord. He was descended from Thomas, 3rd son of Sir John Hamilton of Cadzow, and uncle of James, 1st Lord Hamilton, ancestor of the Marquis of Abercom. Me d. however in 1784, without having established his claim, but the Peerage was allowed by the House of Lords in 1799, to his son, Wil¬ liam, 7th Lord, father of Robert Montgomery, the present and 8th Lord, who suc¬ ceeded him in 1814, and was created a Peer of the United Kingdom in 1831, by the title of Baron Hamilton of Wishaw, Co. Lanark. 47 BER BELMORE, EARL OF. (Lowry -Corry.) Peer of Ireland. Robert Lowry, Esq., was descended from an ancient Scotch family, which settled at Ahenis, Co. Tyrone, Ireland ; he married Anne, daughter of the Rev. James Sin¬ clair, and was father of Galbraith Lowry, Esq., of Ahenis, who married Sarah, daughter and co-heir of John Corry, Esq., and inconsequence assumed the name of Corry; their daughter, Anne, married in 1763, William Willoughby, 1st Earl of Enniskillen, and died in 1802. Armar, their only son and heir, was created Baron Belmore of Castle Coole in 1781, Viscount Belmore in 1789, and Earl of Belmore in 1797 ; he d. in 1802, and was succeeded by his only son, Somerset, the present and 2nd Earl. BERESFORD, VISCOUNT. (Beresford.) Peer of the United Kingdom. William-Carr Beresford, the illegitimate son of George, 1st Marquis of Water¬ ford, was raised to the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1814, for his eminent military services in the Peninsular War, by the title of Baron Beresford of Albuera and Dungarvon, Co. Waterford, and was advanced in 1823 to the dignity of Vis¬ count Beresford, of Beresford, Co. Stafford, and is the present Viscount. 48 15 E 11 BERKELEY, EARL OF. (Berkeley.) Peer of England. This very ancient family derives its origin from Harding, a nobleman sprung from the Kings of Denmark, who accompanied William Duke of Normandy into Eng¬ land, and fought in the memorable battle of Hastings. His son, Robert, obtained, from King Henry II., the Castle of Berkeley, and held it with the dignity of Baron of the realm, which was enjoyed by his descendants, by tenure of their castle of Berkeley, till Thomas, 6th Baron Berkeley, by tenure, was summoned to Par¬ liament by writ in T295. He was succeeded in 1321 by his son Maurice, and he in 1326 by his son Thomas, 3rd Lord, to whose custody the unfortunate King Edward II. was committed after his deposition ; but exceptions being taken to the too great civility with which Lord Berkeley was supposed to treat his Royal pri¬ soner, he was required to deliver up his charge, and also his Castle of Berkeley, to John, Lord Maltravers, and Sir Thomas Goumay, in whose custody the King was barbarously murdered. This Lord was succeeded by his son, Maurice, 4th Lord, who d. in 1368, leaving two sons, Thomas, his successor, and James; the latter was father of James, 6th Lord. The said Thomas, eldest son, 5th Lord, and 10th by tenure, m. Margaret, daughter and sole heir of Warine, 2nd Baron Lisle, [by writ 1357,] and d. without issue male in 1416, leaving an only daughter, Elizabeth, wife of Richard Beauchamp, 14th Earl of Warwick, between whose three daughters and co-heirs the Barony of Lisle is in abeyance, and the Barony of Berkeley [by writ 1295] would have been so, but that James de Berkeley, nephew and heir male of the 10th Lord, claimed and was allowed the Barony by the tenure of his castle of Berkeley to which he was heir of entail; he was summoned in 1416. He d. in 1463 ; having m. Isabel, 2nd daugher and at length co-heir of Thomas Mowbray, 1st Duke of Norfolk, Baron Mowbray, [by writ 1295,] and co¬ heir of the Barony of Braose of Gower, [by writ 1299,] by Elizabeth, daughter and sole heir of John, 3rd Baron Segrave, [by writ 1264.] William, their son and heir, was created Viscount Berkeley in 1481, Ear! of Nottingham 1483, and Marquis of Berkeley 1488; he d. without issue in 1492, when these titles became extinct, but the Barony devolved on Maurice, his brother, 8th Lord. He d. in 1507, leaving two sons, Maurice the 9th, and Thomas, the 10th Lord ; the latter d. in 1532, and was succeeded by his son Thomas, to whom, in 1534, succeeded his son Henry, 12th Lord, who d. in 1613. Sir Thomas Berkeley, his eldest son, d. before his father, having m. Elizabeth, daughter and sole heir of George Cary, 2nd Lord Hunsdon, grandson and heir of William Cary, Esq., by Lady Mary, 2nd daughter and co-heir of Thomas Boleyn, Earl of Wiltshire and Ormond. George, 13th Lord, their son, succeeded his grand¬ father, and d. in 1658. His son, George, 14th Lord, was created Viscount Dursley and Earl of Berkeley, Co. Gloucester, in 1679 ; he d. in 1698, and to him in direct paternal descent have suc¬ ceeded Charles, 2nd Earl, who d. in 1710; James, 3rd Earl, K.G., who d. in 1736; Augustus, 4th Earl, who d. in 1755 ; and Erederick-Augustus, 5th and late Earl, whose double marriage, as represented by himself and his Countess, failed of establishment, on a patient investigation by the House of Peers after the Earl’s death in 1810: when Thomas-Morton-Fitz-Harding, his eldest son, born after the acknowledged marriage of 1796, was declared to be the successor to his honours. The castle of Berkeley, however, devolved with other estates by the will of the late Earl 49 e B E R to his first-born son, William-Fitz-Hardinge, called in his father’s life-time Viscount Dursley, who, in 1831, was raised to the Peerage by the title of Baron Segrave, of Berkeley Castle, Co. Gloucester. See The Peerage Volume under that title. BERNERS, BARON. (Wilson.) Peer of England. John Bourchier, 4th son of William, Earl of Ewe, by Anne, daughter of Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester, 6th son of King Edward III., was summoned to Parliament as Baron Berners in 1455. He d. in 1474, and was succeeded by John, 2nd Lord, son of his eldest son Sir Humphrey Bourchier, who had died before him. The 2nd Lord d. in 1532, and Jane, his daughter and sole heir, m. Edmund Knyvet, Esq., Serjeant Porter to King Henry VIII., but neither she nor her husband claimed the title ; she d. in 1561. John Knyvet, Esq., ofPlumstead, Co. Norfolk, their son and heir, d. before his mother in 1543. His son, Sir Thomas Knyvet of Ashwellthorpe, Co. Norfolk, should have been 4th Lord, as successor to his grandmother; he d. in 1617; his eldest son, Sir Thomas, d. before him, and he was succeeded at Ashwellthorpe by his grandson, Thomas Knyvet, Esq., who should have been 5th Lord, and d. in 1658. He left two sons, 1 Sir John, his successor, 2 Thomas, who left an only son John Knyvet, Esq. Sir John Knyvet of Ashwellthorpe, who should have been 6th Lord, d. in 1673; leaving issue a son Thomas, who should have been 7th Lord, and d. unm. in 1693; and four daughters co-heirs to their brother, of whom Mary, the 3rd daughter, d. unm. in 1709; the three married daughters were, 1 Elizabeth, who d. before 1704, having m. Thomas Glemham, Esq., of Little Glemham, Co. Suffolk, by whom she had an only child Thomas Glemham, who d. unm. in 1711. 2 Catherine, who m. 1st John Harris, Esq., who d. in 1686, and 2ndly, Richard Bohenham, Esq., who d. in 1721 ; she had no issue by either. 3 Jane, who d. in 1704, having m. Oliver Le Neve, Esq., by whom she had no issue. Catherine Bohenham, the 2nd daughter and co-heir, survived all her sisters and their issue; the abeyance of the Barony terminated in 1711, by the death of her nephew Thomas Glemham, and she became rightfully Baroness Berners. She claimed the Peerage, and by a judgment of the House of Lords 30 May 1720, was declared entitled to it; but she d. without issue in 1743. The heirs of John Knyvet, Esq., only son of Thomas, brother of the Baroness’s father. Sir John Knyvet, became on her death the representatives of the Barony, the said John Knyvet being himself deceased. He d. in 1731. having had eleven sons, who all died unm. before the Baroness; and two daughters, who became co¬ heirs to the Barony; viz.; 1 Elizabeth, who m. 2 May 1720 Henry Wilson, Esq., of Didlington, Co. Nor¬ folk, and d. in 1757, leaving issue by him, 1 Henry-William Wilson, Esq., father of the present Peer ; 2 Knyvet; 3 Harriet, who m. John Leighton, Esq. 2 Lucy, d. in 1740 ; having m. 1st, Thomas Holt, Esq., by whom she had one surviving daughter, Elizabeth-Anne, who d. in 1764, wife of Thomas Strangewayes, Esq., and 2ndlv, John Field, Esq., by whom also she had one surviving daughter, Catherine, m. 1st to Peter-Isaac Boullie, Esq., and 2ndly to Thomas Greaves, Esq. 50 BER she d. in 1810. Mrs. Strangewayes has left an only surviving daughter, Louisa, one of the co-heirs of this Barony; she m. Richard Strangewayes, Esq., of Well, Co. York, who (I. in 1828. Mrs. Greaves left, by her 1st husband, two daughters, her co-heirs ; 1 Catherine, who d. in 1828, leaving by her husband, William Nicholson, Esq., a son, William Nicholson, also one of the co-heirs of this Barony ; 2 Sarah, who d. in 1814, leaving by Stephen Penny, Esq., her husband, a son, Stephen-James Penny, Esq., the other co-heir of the Barony. Robert Wilson, Esq. of Didlington and Ashwellthorpe, Co. Norfolk, the pre¬ sent Lord, son and heir of Henry-William Wilson, Esq., and grandson and sole heir of Elizabeth, the eldest daughter and co-heir of .lohn Knyvet, Esq., in whose two daughters the representation of this ancient Barony resides, having petitioned the King to terminate the abeyance of the Barony of Berners, and having proved before the House of Lords, on a reference of the Petition for examination to their Lordships, his pedigree as above stated, his Majesty was graciously pleased to call the said barony out of abeyance in his favour 5 May 1832. BERWICK, BARON, (Hill.) Peer of Great Britain. The paternal name of this family is Harwood. At the beginning of the 17th century a Sir Edward Harwood, Knt., distinguished himself as one of the most eminent soldiers of the age, and appears to have been connected with all the great men of his time. He was slain at the siege of Maestricht, in 1632, and divided his fortune among the children of his brother George, ancestor of John Harwood, of Hagbourne, Co. Bucks, and afterwards of Crickheath, near Oswestry, Co. Salop, who m. Martha, daughter of Edward Macleston, of Penyland, Recorder of Oswestry, and had by her three sons, 1 John, whose male issue is extinct; 2 Thomas ; 3 Edward, who m. and left issue. Thomas Harwood, of Tern Hall, near Shrewsbury, Esq., the 2nd son, m. Eliza¬ beth, widow of Richard Atcherley, Esq., and sister of the Right Hon. Richard Hill, by whom he was father of 1 Thomas Harwood, Esq., who being one of the heirs of entail to the Baronetcy of Hill of Hawkestone, in right of his mother, assumed the name of Hill; 2 Rowland, Rector of Hodnet, Co. Salop; 3 Martha, m. Walter Gough, of Oldfallings, Co. Stafford, Esq.; 4 Anne, m. John Kynaston, of Hordley, Co. Salop, Esq. Thomas Hill, Esq., the eldest son, m. 1st, Anne, daughter of Richard Powys of Hintlesham Hall, Co. Suffolk, Esq., by whom he had issue Anne, m. Robert Burton, of Longnor, Co. Salop, Esq., and Margaret, m. Bonnet, 3rd Earl of Harborough; and 2ndly, Susan-Maria, eldest daughter and co-heir of William Noel, Esq., Judge of the Common Pleas, by whom he had Maria, m. 1st Sir Bryan Broughton, Bart., and 2ndly Henry Errington, Esq., of Beaufront, Co. Northumberland ; and Noel-Hill, created in 1784 Baron Berwick, of Attingham, Co. Salop, whose marriage and issue will be found in The Peerage Volume. He d. in 1789, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Thomas-Noel, 2nd Lord, who d. at Naples, 2 Nov. 1832, and was succeeded by his next brother, William-Noel, present and 3rd Lord. .-»! e 2 B E V BESSBOROUGH, EARL OF. (Ponsonby.) Peer of Ireland and of Great Britain. John Ponsonby, Esq., of Hale, Co. Cumberland, was great-grandfather of Sir John, who settled in Ireland, and was father of Sir William, created an Irish Peer in 1721, by the title of Baron of Bessborough, and advanced to the dignity of Viscount Duncannon in 1723. He d. in 1726, leaving two sons. 1 Brabazon, his successor. 2 Major-General Henry Ponsonby, who was killed in the battle of Fontenoy, 11 May 1745; his son, Chambre Brabazon, d. 20 Feb. 1762, having m. 1st, 26 Sept. 1746, Elizabeth, daughter and heir of Edward Clarke, Esq., 2ndly, 23 Oct. 1752, Louisa, daughter of John Lyons, Esq., and 3rdly, Mary, daughter of Sir William Barker, Bart.; he had a daughter by each marriage, and by his third was also father of a posthumous son, Chambre-Brabazon Ponsoxby-Barker, Esq., for all of whom see The Peerage Volume. Brabazon, 2nd Viscount, was created Earl of Bessborough in 1739, and in 1749 Baron Ponsonby of Sysonby, in the Peerage of Great Britain. He d. in 1758, leaving two sons, 1 William, 2nd Earl, his successor, for whose issue and marriage see The Peerage Volume; he d. in 1793, and was succeeded by his son, Frederick, the present and 3rd Earl. 2 The Right Hon. John Ponsonby, who d. 16 Aug. 1787 ; having m. 26 Sept. 1742, Lady Elizabeth Cavendish, 2nd daughter of William, 3rd Duke of Devonshire, by whom he was father of William-Brabazon, created Baron Ponsonby in the Peerage of the United King¬ dom. See The Peerage Volume, title Ponsonby. BEVERLEY, EARL OF. (Percy.) Peer of Great Britain. For the pedigree of this noble family see Duke of Northumberland. Algernon, 1st Earl, was the 2nd son of Hugh, 1st Duke of Northumberland, who was created 52 BEX Baron Louvaine of Alnwick, Co. Northumberland, in the Peerage of Great Britain, with remainder to Algernon Percy, his 2nd son, and the heirs male of his body H is Lordship succeeded the Duke his father in the Barony, in 1786, and was ad¬ vanced to the dignity of Earl of Beverley, Co. York, in 1790 ; he d. in 1830, and was succeeded by his eldest son, George, the present and 2nd Earl. BEXLEY, BARON. (Vansittart.) Peer of the United Kingdom. This is an ancient family originally from the Netherlands. Peter Vansittart, an eminent merchant, settled in England about 1675, and was great-grandfather of the present Peer. Arthur, his 5th son, was verderer of Windsor Forest. He d. 16 Sept. 1760, having m. 23 May 1723, Martha, eldest daughter of Sir John Stonehouse, of ltadley, Co. Berks, Bart., by whom he had, besides other children, four sons: 1 Arthur, of Shottesbrooke-house, Co. Berks, Esq., who was h. 15 Feb. 1727, and d. 12 Nov. 1804, leaving issue, by the Honourable Anne Hanger, only daughter of the 1st, and sister of the three last Lords Coleraine ; 1 Arthur, who d. 31 May 1829, having m. Caroline, 4th daughter of William, 1st Lord Auckland, by whom he has left a numerous issue ; 2 Robert; 3 William, in holy orders, m. to Charlotte, daughter of General George Ward, and has issue. 2 Robert, h. 6 Dec. 1728, professor of civil law at Oxford, d. unm. 1789. 3 Henry, father of the present Lord. 4 George, b. 15 Sept. 1743, of Bisham Abbey, Co. Berks, m. Sarah, daughter of Sir James Stonehouse, Bart., and d. 21 Jan. 1825, having had issue; 1 George- Henry, a General in the army, b. July 1768, d. 4 Feb. 1824 ; having m. Oct. 1818, Anna-Maria Copson-Harris, only surviving child of Thomas Copson, Esq., of Shepey Hall, Co. Leicester, by whom he has left issue ; 2 Edward, in holy orders, Rector ofTaplow, took the surname of Neale by Royal sign manual, 1805 ; 3 Henry, Capt. R.N.; 4 Caroline-Anne, m. 22 Dec. 1792, Augustus-IIenry East, Esq., 2nd son of Sir William East, Bart.; 5 Laura, m. 26 Nov. 1809, Fulwar Craven, of Chilton House, Esq. (see The Peerage Volume , title Craven ;) 6 Henrietta. Henry Vansittart, Esq., the third son, father" 1 of the present Lord, was b. 3 June 1732. Having been Governor-General of Bengal, he set sail for India a second time in the Aurora frigate, which was lost in the Mozambique Channel about Jan. 1771, when all on board perished ; he m. Amelia, daughter of Nicholas Morse, Esq., Governor of Bombay, by whom, who d. 1 Aug. 1819, he had two sons: 1 Henry, who d. 12 Oct. 1787, leaving a son, Henry Vansittart, Esq. 2 Nicholas, the present Lord, created in 1823, a Peer of the United Kingdom, by the title of Baron Bexley of Bexley, Co. Kent. B L A BLANTYRE, BARON. (Stuart.) Peer of Scotland. Ills Lordship is of the same ancestry with the Earl of Galloway, being descended from Sir Thomas Stewart of Minto, 3rd son of Sir William, of Dalswinton and Gar- lies, whose eldest son. Sir Alexander, was ancestor of the Earl of Galloway. From Sir Thomas, Walter, 1st Lord Blantyre, was 4th in descent. He was bred up along with King James VI., under George Buchanan, had the priory of BlantjTe bestowed on him by that monarch, and is designed commendator of Blantyre 1580, when he was nominated one of the Gentlemen of the Bed-chamber. He was sworn a Privy-Councillor, and constituted Keeper of the Privy Seal in 1582, ap¬ pointed one of the extraordinary Lords of session in 1593, and promoted to the office of High Treasurer in 1598. In 1599, having given offence to the court by a deci¬ sion in a cause relative to the church, he was deprived of his offices of Treasurer and extraordinary Lord of Session, and committed prisoner to the castle of Edinburgh ; but was soon released, nominated one of the Commissioners for the treaty of union with England in 1604, and created a Peer in 1G0G. He was succeeded, in 1G16, by his son, William, 2nd Lord ; who d. in 1638, leaving two sons, Walter, 3rd Lord, and Alexander, 4th Lord. The latter was father of Alexander, 5th Lord, who left issue, Walter, 6th, and Robert, 7th, Lords. The 7th Lord d. in 1743, leaving three sons, successively Lords Blantyre ; viz. Walter, William, and Alexander, the 8th, 9th, and 10th Lords. Walter d. in 1751, William in 1776, both unm .; and Alexander, 10th Lord, for whose issue see The Peerage Volume, in 1783, when he was succeeded by his eldest son, Robert-Wai.ter, 11th Lord, who d. in 1830, and was succeeded by his eldest surviving son, Charles, the present and 12th Lord. BLAYNEY, BARON. (Blayney.) Peer of Ireland. This family is said to trace its genealogy from the ancient Kings of Britain. Sir Edward Blayney, who served in the armies of Queen Elizabeth in the Low Conn- 54 BLO tries, and afterwards accompanied the Earl of Essex into Ireland, settled in that country, and was created Baron Blayney of Monaghan in 1621. He d. in 162.0, and was succeeded by his eldest son Henry, 2nd Lord ; father of Edward, 3rd, and Richard, 4th Lords. The latter left also two sons, who successively inherited the title, viz. Henry-Vincent, 5th Lord, and William, 6th Lord, who d. in 1705, and was succeeded by his son, Cadwallader, 7th Lord, who m. 1st, Mary, daughter of the Hon. John Tuchet, 2nd son of Mervin, Earl of Castlehaven, and had issue by her, 1 Charles-Talbot, 8th Lord ; 2 Cadwallader, 9th Lord ; 3 Mary, in. 1st, Nicholas Mahon, Esq., and 2ndly, John Campbell, Esq. His Lordship in. 2ndly, Mary, only daughter and heir of Sir Alexander Cairns, Bart., by whom, who m. 2ndly, Col. Charles Murray, and d. in 1790, he had no issue, but dying in 1733, was succeeded by his eldest son, Charles-Taljbot, 8th Lord, who in. Mary, daughter of Nicholas Mahon, Esq., (by Eleanor, daughter of Henry-Vincent, 5th Lord Blayney,) and d. without sur¬ viving issue male; when Cadwallader, 9th Lord, succeeded his brother. For an ac¬ count of his issue, see The Peerage Volume; he was father of Cadwallader- Davis, 10th, and of Andrew-Thomas, the 11th, Lord; he d. in 1775, and was succeeded by his eldest son, who dying unm. in 1784, was succeeded by his only brother, Andrew-Thomas, the 11th Lord ; to whom succeeded, in 1834, his only son, Cad- wallader-Davis, the present and 12th Lord. BLOOMFIELD, BARON. (Bloomfield.) Peer of Ireland. His Lordship is descended from the Bloomfields of Redwood Castle, an ancient family in the Co. of Tipperary. His grandfather, Benjamin Bloomfield, Esq., of Meelick, Co. Galway (younger brother of John Bloomfield, Esq., of Redwood,) was father of John Bloomfield, Esq., of Newport, Co. Tipperary, who m. Charlotte, eldest daughter of Samuel Waller, Esq. (by Anne Jocelyn, sister to Robert, Viscount Jocelyn, Lord Chancellor of Ireland,) by whom, who d. 1 Feb. 1828, he had issue, Benjamin, the present Peer, who for sixteen years enjoyed the confidence and friendship of King George IV., by whom he was created Baron Bloomfield of Oakhampton and Redwood, Co. Tipperary, in 1825. BOL BOLINGBROKE, VISCOUNT. (St. John.) Peer of Great Britain. This nobleman represents a branch of the family of the ancient Lords St. John, being descended from Sir Oliver St. John of Bletshoe, Co. Northampton, and Ly- diard Tregoze, Co. Wilts, in right of his wife, Margaret, daughter of John, 3rd Lord Beauchamp of Bletshoe, and sister and sole heir of John, 4th Lord. This John Lord Beauchamp and Margaret his sister, were fourth in paternal descent from Roger, Baron Beauchamp of Bletshoe, Chamberlain to King Edward III., by his marriage with Sibil, sister and co-heir of William de Pateshull, (who, though he survived his father, was never summoned to parliament,) and eldest daughter of John de Pateshull, (who received summons as a Baron in 1342,) by his wife Mabel, only daughter of William, Baron Grandison, summoned in 1299, and heir of her nephew Thomas, 4th Baron Grandison ; the latter never had summons, neither had his pre¬ decessor, John, 3rd Baron. The above-named Roger, Baron Beauchamp of Bletse, (to whom, and Sibil his wife,' heiress of Pateshull and Grandison, Margaret, the wife of Sir Oliver St. John, was great-great-granddaughter, and eventual heir,) was sum¬ moned as a Baron of the Realm to all the parliaments convened from 1363 to 1379, the year of his death ; but none of his descendants ever received summons in right of the Barony so recognized in their progenitor. Sir Oliver St. John d. in 1437, and Margaret Beauchamp, his widow, m. 2ndly, John Beaufort, Duke of Somerset, by whom she had a daughter, Margaret, wife of Edmund Tudor, Earl of Richmond, and mother by him of King Henry VII. After the death of the Duke of So¬ merset, she m. 3rdly, Lionel, Lord Welles, by whom she was mother of Viscount Welles, who m. Princess Cecily, daughter of King Edward IV. By Sir Oliver St. John she had two sons, Sir John St. John, Knt., the elder son, ancestor of Lord St. John, and Oliver, the younger. He was father of Sir John St. John, Knt. Chamberlain and executor to Margaret, Countess of Richmond and Derby, mother of King Henry VII.; who left a son, John, father of Nicholas St. John ; whose elder son. Sir John, continued the family, and whose second son, Oliver, was created, in 1620, Viscount Grandison of Limerick, in the Peerage of Ireland, with limitation, failing his issue male, to the issuemale of his niece, Barbara, (elder daughter of his brother Sir John St. John,) by Sir Edward Villiers, her husband, elder brother of George, Duke of Buckingham, the celebrated favourite of James I., and Charles I.; and in 1626 was created a Baron in the Peerage of England, by the title of Baron Tregoze of Highworth, Co. Wilts. He d. without issue in 1630, when his English Barony be¬ came extinct; but his Irish Peerage devolved on his great nephew William Villiers, and still exists in the Earl of Jersey, the male heir of the marriage of Barbara St. John and Sir Edward Villiers. Sir John St. John, of Lydiard Tregoze, elder brother of Oliver, 1st Viscount Grandison, and father of Barbara, on whose issue male that honour was entailed, was father also of Sir John St. John, created a Baronet in 1611. He had seven sons, three of whom, namely, William, 2nd son, Edward, 3rd son, and John 5th son. were killed in battle in the service of King Charles I.; Oliver, the eldest son, d. in his father’s lifetime, leaving one son. Sir John, who succeeded his grandfather, and d. underage, and unm.; Nicholas, 4th son, d. before his nephew unm.; Henry, 7th 56 B O L son, d. without issue male, and Sir Walter, 6th son, succeeded his nephew in the Baronetage, and dying in 1708, was succeeded by his son. Sir Henry St.John, created in 1716 (after the attainder of Henry, Viscount Boi.ingbroke, his only boii by his first wife Lady Mary, 2nd daughter and co-heir of Robert Rich, Earl of Warwick) Baron St. John, of Battersea, Co. Surrey, and Viscount St. John, with remainder to his issue male by Angelica, his second wife, daughter of George Pillesary, Treasurer of the Marine under Lewis XIV., King of France. His only surviving son by this marriage was John, 2nd Viscount St. John. Henry, only son of the 1st Viscount St. John, by his first marriage, was the celebrated philosopher and statesman, who being then Secretary of State to Queen Anne, was created, in 1712, Baron St. John of Lydiard Tregoze, Co. Wilts, and Viscount Bolingbroke, Co. Lincoln, with remainder, failing his issue male, to Sir Henry St. John, his father, and his issue male. He was a zealous Tory, and one of the principal promoters of the Treaty of Utrecht; and, when the Whig Ad¬ ministration came into office on the accession of King George I., was, while party feuds were at the highest, impeached, together with the Duke of Ormonde, the Earl of Oxford, and others, for his share in the negotiations which terminated in the ratification of that treaty, and which were pronounced by parliament to be trea¬ sonable. Having made a timely retreat into France, he eluded the extreme ven¬ geance intended against him, but was attainted by Act of Parliament in 1715 ; he was however restored in blood in 1725, and d. without issue in 175). John, the only surviving son of Henry, 1st Viscount St. John, succeeded his father as 2nd Viscount Sr. John, and dying in 1749, was succeeded by his son, Frederick, 3rd Viscount St. John, who succeeded also to the title of Viscount Bolingbroke, on the death of his uncle, Henry, 1st Viscount Bolingbroke. He died in 1787, and was succeeded by his eldest son, George-Richard, 3rd Viscount Boi.ingbroke and 4th Viscount St. John, father of Henry, the present Viscount, who succeeded him in 1824. BOLTON, BARON, (Orde-Powlett.) Peer of Great Britain. John Orde, Esq. of East Orde and Morpeth, Co. Durham, father of Thomas, 1st Lord, is supposed to be descended from John Orde, living in that County in 1615, son of Gawen Orde, of Fenwick, Co. Northumberland ; in both which counties the family has been very long possessed of considerable landed estates. The said John Orde, Esq. m. 1st, Anne, daughter of Edward Ward, Esq., Nunnikirk, Co. North¬ umberland, by whom she had one son, William, whose male heirs are seated at Fen- ham Hall, Co. Northumberland; and 2ndly, Anne, Widow of the Rev. William Bye Clark, by whom he had two sons, Thomas, 1st Lord ; and Sir John Orde, an Admiral, and Governor of Dominica, created a Baronet in 1790, and d. in 1824 ; leaving issue. Sir John-Powlett Orde, his successor. Thomas, the 2nd son, m. Jane-Mary, natural daughter of Charles, 5th Duke of Bolton, on whom her father entailed the principal part of his large estates, on failure of male heirs, to his brother Harry, 6th Duke. The 6th Duke d. without issue male in 1794; in 1795 Mr. Orde assumed, by his Majesty’s permission, the name and arms of Powlett, and in 1797, was created Baron Bolton of Bolton Castle, Co. Ym k. He d. in 1807, and was succeeded by his eldest son William, the present and 2nd Lord. 57 BOY BOSTON, BARON. (Irby.) Peer of Great Britain. Anthony Irby, Esq. of Gosberton, Co. Lincoln, living in the reign of Henry VIII. was of a family of great antiquity, and supposed to be descended from Sir William de Ireby, living in 1251. He was grandfather of Anthony Irby, Esq., M.P. for Boston, in the reigns of Queen Elizabeth and King James I., an eminent Lawyer, a Bencher of Lincoln’s Inn, and Autumn Reader to that Society, which did him the honour of having his arms painted in the 3rd window of Lincoln’s Inn Chapel; he was appointed one of the Masters in Chancery in the reign of .Tames I. Fifth in descent from him was William, 1st Lord, b. 8 March, 1707, appointed successively l’age of Honour to George I. and George II., Equerry to Frederick, Prince of Wales, on his First arrival in England, and Chamberlain to Augusta, Princess of Wales; he was created Baron Boston of Boston, Co. Lincoln, in 1761, and d. 30 March 1775 ; having m. 26 Aug. 1746, Albinia, eldest daughter of Henry Selwyn, Esq. by whom, who d. 1 April 1769, he left issue : 1 Frederick, his successor, the 2nd Lord, father of George, the present and 3rd Lord, who succeeded him in 1825. 2 Augusta, late Lady Walsingham ; See that title in The Peerage Volume. 3 Hon. William-Henry, b. 9 Sept. 1750, d. 17 May 1830; having m. 25 Oct. 1781, Mary, youngest daughter and co-heir of Rowland Blackman, Esq.; by whom, who d. 30 July 1792, he had the issue stated in The Peerage Volume. BOYNE, VISCOUNT. (Hamilton.) Peer of Ireland. Claude, 1st Lord Paisley, had, besides other issue, James, his eldest son, 1st Earl of Abercom, ancestor of the Marquis of Abercorn ; and Sir Frederick Hamilton, his 4th son, father of Gustavos, the 1st Viscount, who having abandoned the fortunes of King James, to whom he was a Privy Councillor, distinguished himself in King William’s army in the war of the Revolution in Ireland, particularly at the battle of the Boyne, where he commanded a regiment, one of six raised bv himself, at the 58 BRA defence of Londonderry, and the storming of Athlone. He attained the rank of Major General in the army, received a grant of forfeited lands, and was elevated to the Irish Peerage by King George I., in 1715, by the title of Baron Hamilton of Stackallan, Co. Meath, and was further created Viscount Boyne, in 1717. He d. in 1723, having had three sons, viz. 1 Frederick, who d. before his father in 1715, leaving a son, Gustavus, 2nd Viscount, who succeeded his grandfather, and d. unm. in 1746. 2 Gustavus, who d. in 1735 ; he left two sons, Frederick, and Richard, the 3rd and 4th Viscounts. 3 Henry, from whom there are still existing male descendants. Richard, 4th Viscount, succeeded his brother in 1772, and d. 30 July 1789, having m. Georgiana, 2nd daughter of William Bury, Esq., grandfather of the 1st Earl of Charleville, by whom he had a numerous issue, see The Peerage Volume. His son Gustavus, 5th Viscount, was succeeded in. 1816 by his eldest son, Gustavus, the present and 6th Viscount. BRADFORD, EARL OF. (Bridgeman.) Peer of the United Kingdom. The Rev. Dr. John Bridgeman, descended in the 3rd generation from John Bridge- man, Esq., seated at Dean Magna, Co. Gloucester, about the beginning of the 16th century, was consecrated Bishop of Chester in 1619, which See he continued to hold till the suppression of Episcopacy under the Commonwealth, when the temporalities of his bishoprick were sequestered, and he retired to his son’s house at Moreton in Shropshire, where he d. about 1658. Sir Orlando Bridgeman, his eldest son, was successively Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer, Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, and Lord Keeper of the Great Seal; he was created a Baronet in 1660, im¬ mediately after the Restoration, and d. in 1674. His great-grandson, Sir Orlando Bridgeman, Bart., d. 25 July 1764, having m. 8 April 1719, Lady Anne Newport, 3rd daughter of Richard, 2nd Earl of Bradford, and eventually sole heir of her brother, Thomas, the 5th Earl, on whose death in 1762, his honours became extinct. Their son. Sir Henry, was h. 7 Sept. 1725, created in 1794 Baron Bradford, of Bradford, Co. Salop, and d. 5 June 1800 ; having m. 12 June 1755, Elizabeth, daughter and heir of John Simpson, Esq., who d. 6 March 1806. Their eldest son, Henry-Simpson, d. in 1782, before his father’s creation to the Peerage, at 25 years of age, unm.; Orlando, the eldest surviving son, succeeded his father, and was created, in 1815, Viscount Newport and Earl of Bradford, both in the Co. of Salop ; and d. in 1825, when he was succeeded by his eldest son, George-Augustus-Frederick-Henry, the present and 2nd Earl; the remaining issue of the 1st Baron, which lived to maturity, are stated in The Peer¬ age Volume. BllAYBROOKE, BARON. (Griffin.) Peer of Great Britain. His Lordship is head of the ancient family of Aldworth of Stanlakes, Oxon. His great-grandfather Richard Aldworth-Neville, Esq., who d. May 1738, assumed the name of Neville in consequence of his marriage with Catherine, who d. 1720, daughter and at length sole heir of Richard Neville, Esq., of Billingbear, Berks, great-grandson of Henry Nevill, next brother of Edward, 5th Lord Abergavenny of the family of Nevill, and heir of her brother Henry Neville-Grey, Esq., who m. Elizabeth, eldest co-heir of the Lords Griffin. Anne, sister of the said Richard Neville, m. Richard Rainsford, Esq., and had an only daughter and heir, Anne, who m. James, 2nd Lord Griffin, by whom she had Edward, 3rd and last Lord Griffin, on whose death without issue, in 1742, the title became extinct, and two daughters, co-heirs to their brother; 1 Elizabeth, who d. without issue, having m. 1st, Henry Neville-Grey, Esq., above, and 2ndly, John, Earl of Portsmouth; 2 Anne, at length sole heir, who m. William Whitwell, Esq., by whom she was mother of John-Griffin Whitwell, who took the surname of Griffin, claimed and was allowed the Barony of Howard-de-Walden, and was cre¬ ated Lord Braybrooke, Baron of Bray brook e, Co. Northampton, in 1788, with remainder, failing his issue male, to Richard Aldworth-Neville, Esq., afterwards 2nd Lord Braybrooke, and his issue male. The first-mentioned Richard Aldworth-Neville, Esq. had by his said wife Cathe¬ rine Neville, an only son Richard, who was b. 3 Sept. 1717, and d. 17 Feb. 1793, having m. Magdalen Calendrini, by whom, who d. in 1750, he was father of Richard Aldworth-Neville, Esq., appointed as above, heir to the Barony of Braybrooke, to which he succeeded in 1797 ; see The Peerage Volume; and in 1798 assumed the name of Griffin only. He d. in 1825, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Richard, the present and 3rd Lord. fiO GI!E BREADALBANE, MARQUIS OF. (Campbell.) Peer of the United Kingdom , and of Scotland. Thk Earl derives his pedigree from the House of Argyll. Duncan, 1st Lord Campbell, who d. in 1453, was father of 1 Archibald, ancestor of the Duke of Ar¬ gyll ; 2 Sir Colin, who also had two sons: Sir Duncan, ancestor of the Earl of Breadalbane, and John, from whom the Countess of Loudoun descends. Fourth in descent from the above Sir Duncan was Sir Robert Campbell of Glenorchy, who had two sons; 1 Sir John, father of the 1st Earl ; 2 Colin, great-grandfather of the present Earl. Sir John Campbell of Glenorchy, son of the above Sir John, was created Earl of^Caithness, in the Peerage of Scotland, in 1677, and it being found that George Sinclair of Keiss, heir male of the last Earl, had a right to that dignity. Sir John Campbell was created, in 1681, Earl of Breadalbane and Holland, Viscount of Tay and Faintland, Lord Glenorchy, Henedaralock, Ormelie, and Weik, with the precedency of the former patent, remainder to whichever of his sons he may de¬ signate, and his heirs male, failing which to the heirs male of the body of the Earl, failing which to the nearest legitimate heirs male of the Earl, failing which to his nearest legitimate heirs whatever. Under this patent, Duncan, styled Lord Or¬ melie, his eldest son, who survived him, was passed over; the Earl rvas succeeded, in 1716, by his second son, John, 2nd Earl; and he, in 1752, by his son, John, 3rd Earl, who m. Lady Amabel Grey, eldest daughter and co-heir of Henry, Duke of Kent, whose title of Marquis de Grey was entailed on Lady Jemima Campbell, the Earl’s only daughter by Lady Amabel Grey. He m. a second wife, but died without surviving issue male in 1782, when the male heirs of the body of the 1 st Earl became extinct; and John, great-grandson and lineal heir male of Colin, 2nd son of Sir Robert Campbell of Glenorchy, succeeded as 4th Earl. He was created to the Peerage of the United Kingdom in 1806, by the title of Baron Breadalbane of Tamworth Castle, Co. Perth, and was farther advanced to the dignity of Marquis of Breadalbane, and Earl of Ormelie in 1831. His Lordship died in 1834, and was succeeded by his only son John, present and 2nd Marquis. 61 B R I BRIDPORT, BARON. (Hood ) Peer of Ireland. Alexander Hood, of Mosterton in Dorsetshire, Esq., had issue, 1 Alexander, whose son, Samuel, was father of, 1 Arthur, Lieut. R.N., lost in a hurricane in the West Indies ; 2 Alexander, Capt. R.N., who circumnavigated the globe with Captain Cook, and was killed on board the Mars, 21 April 1798, in a successful action against the French ship l’Hercule. He left a son, Sir Alexander Hood, Bart., who being in remainder to the Barony, will be found in The Peerage Volume. 3 Sir Samuel Hood, Vice-Admiral and K.C.B., who after a series of brilliant successes in the naval service, was created a Baronet in 1809, with re¬ mainder to his nephew, Sir Alexander Hood, who succeeded him in 1814; he m. 6 Nov. 1804, the Hon. Mary-Frederica-Elizabeth Mackenzie, eldest daughter and co-heir of Francis Lord Seaforth, (whose title became extinct on his death in 1815.) Sir Samuel Hood d. without issue 24 Dec. 1814, and his widow re-married James Alexander Stewart, Esq., who in her right has assumed the additional name of Mac¬ kenzie. See The Peerage Volume , title Earl of Galloway. 2 The Rev. Samuel Hood, Vicar of Butleigh, Co. Somerset, and of Thorncombe, Co. Devon, who m. Mary, daughter of Richard Hoskins, Esq., and by her, who d. 10 Oct. 1766, had issue: 1 Samuel, 1st Viscount Hood, father of Henry 2nd Vis¬ count Hood, the 2nd Lord Bridport’s father ; and 2 Sir Alexander-Hood, cele¬ brated in the naval history of his country, who rose to be Admiral of the Red, Vice-Admiral of Great Britain, and General of Marines ; he was created in 1794, in consequence of his gallant conduct as second in command on the memorable 1st of June, Baron Bridport of Cricket St. Thomas, in the Peerage of Ireland, with remainder, failing his issue male, to Samuel Hood, 2nd son of his nephew Henry, (afterwards 2nd Viscount Hood,) eldest son of his brother Samuel, Baron (after¬ wards 1st Viscount) Hood, and his issue male ; which failing, to Alexander Hood, Capt. R.N. (father of Sir Alexander Hood, Bart.) and his issue male, remainder to Vice-Adm. Sir Samuel Hood, Bart., and his issue male. He was also created a Peer of Great Britain in 1796, by the title of Baron Bridport of Cricket St. Tho¬ mas, Co. Somerset, and Viscount Bridport in 1801. He m. 1st, in 1761, Mary, daughter of the Rev. Richard West, (by Maria Temple, sister of Richard, 1st Vis¬ count Cobham,) she d. 12 Sept. 1786 ; and he m. 2ndlj% 26 June, 1788, Mary- Sophia, only daughter and heir of Thomas Bray, Esq., of Edmonton, Co. Middle¬ sex, who d. 18 Feb. 1831, aged 85. The Viscount d. without issue 3 May, 1814, when the Viscounty and English Barony became extinct, but the Irish Barony de¬ volved on Samuel, the present Lord, 2nd son of Henry, 2nd Viscount Hood. 62 B R I BRISTOL, MARQUIS OF. (Hervey.) Peer of the United Kingdom. From Robert Fitz-Hervey, a Commander in the army of William the Conqueror, and younger son of Hervey, Duke of Orleans, descended Hervey de Yuon, who d. in ll(i!)‘, and whose descendants have all borne the name of Hervey. 17th in descent from him was John Hervey, created Baron Hervey ot Ickworth, Co. Suffolk, in 1703; and Earl of Bristol in 1714. He d. in 1751, having m. Eliza¬ beth, daughter and sole heir of Sir Thomas Felton, Bart., by Lady Elizabeth How¬ ard, 2nd daughter and co-heir (with her sister. Lady Essex, wife of Edward Lord Griffin, whose issue failed in 1797) of James, 3rd Earl of Suffolk, and Baron Howard de Walden by writ; and by her had ten sons, of whom the five eldest, and Felton the ninth son, were married ; the other four d. young or unm. The five eldest were, 1 John, Lord Hervey, Lord Privy Seal and a Peer of Parliament by the title of Baron Hervey of Ickworth, who d. before his father in 1743, leaving four sons and four daughters ; to the latter the title and precedency of an Earl’s daughters were granted by his Majesty’s sign manual in 1753. The sons were, 1 George-William, 2nd Earl, who succeeded his grandfather and d. unm. in 1775 ; 2 Augustus-John, 3rd Earl, whose marriage with Miss Chudleigh, who afterwards, during his life, m. the Duke of Kingston, produced no issue, and he d. in 1779 ; 3 Freiierick- Augustus, 4th Earl, and Bishop of Derry in Ireland, who, having succeeded his brother in 1779, became Baron Howard de Walden, in 1797, by the extinction of the descendants of Lady Essex Howard, elder daughter and co-heir of the 3rd Earl of Suffolk and Baron Howard de Walden, and d. in 1803; 4 The Hon. Gen. William Hervey, who d. unm. in 1815. 2 Thomas, Equerry to Caroline, Queen of George II., who d. in 1775, leaving one son, William-Thomas. 3 William, a Captain in the Navy, d. in 177(1, leaving one daughter, Elizabeth, who d. unm. 4 Henry, who entered the army, but afterwards took orders, and became a Doc¬ tor in Divinity ; he m. Catherine, eldest sister and heir of Sir Thomas Aston, of Aston, in Cheshire, Bart., and assumed the name of Aston. He was father of Henry IIervey-Aston, Esq., father of Col. Henry Hervey-Aston, who was un¬ fortunately killed in a duel at Madras 23 Dec. 1798 ; having m. 1(1 Sept. 1789, the Hon. Harriet Ingram-Shepherd, 4th daughter and co-heir of Charles, 9th and last Viscount Irvine, of Scotland, by whom, who d. 3 June 1815, he left one son, Henry- Chari.es. See The Peerage Volume. 5 Charles, in holy orders, D.D., Prebendary of Ely, d. in 1783, having m. in 1743, Miss Martha-Maria Howard, of St. Edmundsbury, Co. Suffolk. The 1st Earl’s 9th son was Felton, also Equerry to Queen Caroline, and Groom of the Bedchamber to William, Duke of Cumberland; he d. in 1775, leaving a son Felton Lionel, who d. in 1785; having m. Selina-Mary, daughter and heir of Sir John Elwell, Bart., by Selina, daughter of Peter Bathurst, Esq.; their issue, who now bear the names of Bathurst-Hervey, will be found in The Peerage Volume. Frederick-Augustus, the 4th Earl, b. 1 Aug. 1730, d. 8 July 1803 ; having m. Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Jermyn Davers, Bart., who d. 16 Dec. 1800. Joiin- Augustus, Lord Hervey, the Earl’s eldest son, d. before him 10 Jan. 1796 ; he m. 63 liRO Elizabeth, daughter of- Drummond, Esq., by whom, who d. 1^ Sept. 1818, he had an only daughter, Elizabeth-Catherine-Caroline, b. 1 Aug. 17!10, <1. 21 Jan. 1 ,<50 3 ; having m. 2 Aug. 1798, Charles-Rose Ellis, Esq., Lord Seaford, by whom she had Charles-Augustus Ellis, b. 5 July 1799, succeeded his great-grandfather, Frederick-Augustus, 4th Earl, as Baron Howard de Walden, 8 July 1803; and other issue. See The Peerage Volume , titles Lord Howard de Walden, and Lord Seaford. . . The 4th Earl was succeeded in the Earldom by his eldest surviving son, Fre¬ derick- William, created in 1826 Marquis of Bristol, and Earl Jermyn, of Horninghurst, Co. Suffolk. BROUGHAM AND VAUX, BARON. (Brougham.) Peer of the United Kingdom. The ancestors of this family are said to have been seated at Brougham, in West¬ moreland, in the time of Edward the Confessor, and to have continued uninter¬ ruptedly Lords of the Manor of Brougham till the death of Thomas Brougham of Brougham without issue, in 1607. From Peter Brougham, an uncle of this Thomas, descended a branch, of which the representative, Henry Brougham, was seated at Scales Hall, Co. Westmoreland, at Sir William Dugdale’s Visitation in 1665 ; he had, amongst other issue, by his 2nd wife, Elizabeth, daughter of John Lamplugh of Lamplugh, three sons, 1 John, commonly called Commissioner Brougham, who succeeded to the estate at Scales, and re-purchased the ancient family demesne. Brougham Hall, from the grandchildren of James Bird, (to whom his ancestors had sold it,) and entailed it upon his four nephews, in succession, and their heirs male. 2 Peter, who by his marriage with Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of Christo¬ pher Richmond, Esq., of Highhead Castle, Co. Cumberland, grandson and heir of John Vaux of Catterlen, left two sons, Henry-Richmond, who possessed the estates of Highhead Castle and Catterlen, and succeeded his uncle at Scales and Brougham; he d. without issue, in 1749; and John, who d. also issuelcss before his brother. 3 Samuel, who had two sons, John, a Bencher of Gray’s Inn, who succeeded his cousin Henry, and d. without issue in 1756 ; and Henry, who succeeding his brother d. in 1782, leaving a son and heir. Henry Brougham, Esq., of Brougham and Scales Hall, who m. Eleanor, only child of the Rev. James Syme, D.D., by Mary, sister of Robertson the historian ; and d. 19 Feb. 1810, leaving his successor, Henry, the celebrated legal orator, elevated to the dignity of Lord High Chan¬ cellor, and created Baron Brougham and Vaux, of Brougham, Co. Westmoreland, in 1830, for whom see The Peerage Volume ; and other issue. 64 13 It O BROWNLOW, EAliL. (Gust.) Peer of the United Kingdom. Sir Peter Oust, of Pinchbeck, Co. Lincoln, d. 1338, was ancestor, in the 13th de¬ gree, of the first Sir Richard Oust, who was a zealous assertor of constitutional liberty under the government of King, Lords, and Commons. These principles becoming unsuited to the fanaticism of the period, he was excluded by Cromwell, when in the height of his illegal power, from the representation of the county of Lincoln in Par¬ liament ; he was, however, twice elected, after the Restoration, for the borough of Stamford. He was created a Baronet by King Charles II. in 1677, and d. in 1700. By his marriage with Beatrix, daughter and heir of Thomas Purey, of Kinton, Co. Lincoln, Esq., he had one son. Sir Purey Cust, who d. before him in 1699. At the period of the Revolution, Sir Purey raised at his own expense a troop of horse, and joining with other gentlemen to form a regiment, of which William, Earl of Devon¬ shire, was chosen Colonel, they marched to receive the Prince- of Orange on his landing in the west. This regiment was afterwards highly distinguished in the war in Ireland, and on his return thence. Sir Purey was knighted by the new King. He was twice >«., 1st, to Ursula, daughter and heir of Edward Woodcock, of Newtimber, Co. Sussex, Esq., and 2ndly, to Alice, daughter and co-heir of William Savile, of Newton, Co. Lincoln, Esq., by whom he had only one child that survived the period of infancy, Savile Cockayne Cust, Esq., who d. unm. in 1772. By his first marriage Sir Purey had a son. Sir Richard Cust, who succeeded his grandfather in the Baronetcy. He d. in 1734, having m. Anne, daughter of Sir William Brownlow, Bart., and sole heir of her brother John, Viscount Tyrconnel, of the Kingdom of Ireland, by which marriage the mansion and estate of Belton, Co. Lincoln, came to his son and suc¬ cessor. Sir John Cust; he was Clerk of the Household to Frederick, Prince of Wales, and after his death was appointed to the same office in that of his son, afterwards King George III. In 1761, and again in 1768, he was elected Speaker of the House of Commons ; in which important office his unceasing attention to the ex¬ traordinary increase of the national business overpowered his constitution, and de¬ prived his family of a valuable life, devoted to the service of his country. 11 e d. 24 Jan. 1770, in the 52nd year of his age. lie m. in 1743, Etheldred, daughter and co¬ heir of Thomas Payne, of Hough, Co. Lincoln, Esq., by whom, who d. 27 Jan. 1775, he had only one surviving son, viz. Sir Brownlow Cust, who was created, in 1776, Baron Brownlow of Belton, Co. Lincoln ; for whom see The Peerage Volume. He d. in 1807, and was succeeded by his eldest son, John, 2nd Lord, who was created, in 1815, Earl Brownlow, and Viscount Alford, and is the present Earl. 65 BUC BUCCLEUCH AND QUEENSBERRY, DUKE OF. (Montagu-Douglas-Scott.) Peer of Scotland and of England. The ancestor of the House of Buceleuch was Richard le Scot, of Murthuckstoun, who was among the Barons that swore fealty to King Edward I. in 1296 ; from him Walter, 1st Lord Scott of Buccleuch, was 12th in descent. Iiis son, Walter, 2nd Lord, was created Earl of Buccleuch in 1619, and was father of Francis, 2nd Earl, who dying without issue male in 1651, left two daughters, Ladies Mary and Anne, who successively inherited the title. Lady Mary m. Walter Scott, of Harden, and d. without issue in 1661, in the 13th year of her age. Lady Anne, Countess of Buccleuch, was m. 20 April 1663, to James, Duke of Monmouth, natural son of King Charles II., who, on the day of his marriage, was created, with Anne, his wife, Duke and Duchess of Buccleuch, and Earl and Countess of Dalkeith, with remainder to the heirs male of their bodies, remainder to the heirs whatever of their bodies succeeding to the estate and Earldom of Buc¬ cleuch. It is unnecessary here to follow the unfortunate Duke of Monmouth through his well-known history ; his English titles were forfeited by his attainder, but the Scotch titles being conferred on him jointly with the Duchess were inherited by her descendants ; they had issue, 1 James, Earl of Dalkeith, who d. in 1705, during the lifetime of his mother, but was father of F rancis, 2nd Duke : 2 Henry, created, in 1706, Earl of Deloraine in the Peerage of Scotland, which title became extinct in 1807, on the death of his grandson, Henry, 4th Earl. Francis, 2nd Duke, succeeded his grandmother, in 1732, as Duke of Buccleuch, and was restored to the Earldom of Doncaster, and Barony of Tyndale, forfeited by Monmouth's attainder. The Duke d. in 1751, having m. Lady Jean Douglas, eldest daughter of James, 2nd Duke of Queensberry, by whom he had a son, Francis, Earl of Dalkeith ; who m. Lady Caroline Campbell, 2nd daughter and co-heir of John, 2nd Duke of Argyll and Greenwich, and d. in 1750, in the lifetime of his father, leaving, besides other issue, a posthumous daughter, Lady Frances, who is deceased, having m. Archibald, late Lord Douglas ; and a son, Henry, 3rd Duke, who was b. 13 Sept. 1746, succeeded his grandfather in 1751, and also succeeded, as heir of line, in right of his grandmother, on the death of William, 4th Duke of Queensberry, 23 Dec. 1810, to the titles of Duke of Queensberry, Marquis of Dumfriesshire, Earl of Drumlanrig and Sanquhar, Viscount of Nith, Torthorwald, and Ross, and Lord Douglas of Kinmont, Middlebie, and Dornock ; these titles having been surrendered by the 2nd Duke of Queensberry, who, in 1706, obtained anew patent, granting them to him and his heirs of entail, male or female, succeeding to the property and estate of Queensberry, provided such heirs were descended from the body of William, 1st Earl of Queensberry. Henry, 3d Duke, m. 2 May 1767, Lady Elizabeth Montagu, only daughter and heir of George, Duke of Montagu, 4th Earl of Cardigan, by Lady Mary, daughter and at length sole heir, of John, Duke of Montagu ; and by this virtuous Lady, who d. 21 Nov. 1827, at the advanced age of eighty-four, had issue as in The Peerage Volume; he was followed, 11 Jan. 1812, by his eldest surviving son, Charles- William, 4th Duke of Buccleuch, and 6th of Queensberry; he d. in 1818, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Walter-Francis, the present Duke. 66 BUG BUCHAN, EARL OF. (Ep.skine.) Peer of Scotland. James Stewart, 1st Earl of Buchan, in Scotland, under the grant of 1469, was 2nd son of Sir James Stewart, of Lorn, by Jane, Queen Dowager of Scotland, widow of King James I., and mother of King James II. His son Alexander, 2nd Earl, d. in 1505 ; and was succeeded by his son John, 3rd Earl, whose eldest son John, Master of Buchan, was killed in his father’s lifetime, at the battle of Pinkie, in 1547 ; leaving an only daughter and heir, Christian, whose husband, Robert Douglas, brother of W illiam, Earl of Morton, was in her right 4th Earl of Buchan ; their son James, 5th Earl, who d. in 1601, left an only daughter, Mary, Countess of Buchan ; she m. James Erskine, 2nd son of John, 6th Earl of Marr ; he became Gth Earl of Buchan, in right of his wife, on whose resignation he obtained a charter of the Earldom, to him and Mary, Countess of Buchan, his wife, remainder to the heirs male of their bodies, which failing, to the nearest lawful heirs male and assignees whatever of the said 6th Earl. He was one of the Lords of the Bedchamber to King Charles I., and resided much in England, where he d. in 1640, having sur¬ vived his Countess twelve years. James, 7th Earl, their son, d. in 1664, and was succeeded by his only son, William, 8th Earl, on whose death, in 1695, the issue male of James and Mary, 6th Earl and Countess of Buchan, became extinct. The 8th Earl executed, in 1677, a deed of entail, settling the reversion of the Earldom on Henry Erskine, 3rd Lord Cardross, William, John, and Charles, his brothers, [sons of David, 2nd Lord Cardross, only son of Henry, 3rd son of John, 6th Earl of Mar, and brother of James, 6th Eari. of Buchan,] and their heirs male respectively ; remainder to William Erskine, 7th son of John, 6th Earl of Marr ; [ he died without issue ;] Sir Charles Erskine of Alva, Bart., and John, his elder brother, [the latter died without issue ; sons of Sir Charles Erskine of Alva, 4th son of John, 6th Earl of Marr,] and their heirs male respectively, remainder to his nearest heirs male whatever, remainder to his heirs and assignees whatever. John, 6th Earl of Marr, father by his 1st m. of John, 7th Earl of Marr, ancestor of all the succeeding Earls, and by his 2nd, of James, 6th Earl of Buchan, and other sons mentioned above, had a grant of the Barony of Cardross to himself, his heirs and assigns, and assigned it accordingly after himself to Henry, his 3rd son, mentioned above , and his heirs male. This Henry, dying before his father, in 1628, David, his only son, became 2nd Lord Cardross ; he d. in 1671, leaving the four sons, Henry, William, John, and Charles, mentioned in the entail; of whom Henry succeeded him as 3rd Lord Cardross. William was ancestor of the late Sir James and Sir John-Drummond Erskine, of Torrie, Barts., for whom, and others of their family, see The Peerage Volume; from John descends a numerous issue, described in The Peerage Volume ; and Charles was killed in 1692, at the battle of Steinkirk, without issue. Henry, 3rd Lord Cardross, his eldest son and successor, d. in 1693, leaving four sons, who all married and had issue; the male descendants of the three younger are extinct. David, the elder son, succeeded as 4th Lord Cardross, and became 9th Earl of Buchan by the above entail. He strenuously opposed in the Scotch Parliament 67 f 2 B U C that article of the union with England whicli gave to only sixteen Scotch Peers a right to sit and vote in future Parliaments as representatives of the whole number ; and was afterwards a zealous supporter of the Hanoverian succession ; he d. in 1745 ; having had seven sons, of whom only Henry-Da vid, his successor, the 3rd son, 1 Oth Earl of Buchan, had issue. He was, b. 17 April 1710, and d. 1 Dec. 1707 ; having to. 31 Jan. 1739, Agnes, 2nd daughter of Sir James Stewart, of Goodtrees, Bart.; by whom, who d. 17 Dec. 1778, he had, besides three children, who d. young, the following issue : 1 Lady Anne-Agnes, b. 1739, d. unm. 5 Oct. 1804. 2 David, Lord Cardross, b. 12 June 1741, d. 4 Oct. 1747. 3 David-Stewart, 11th Earl, his successor, 5.12 June 1742, and d. without issue, 19 April 1829 ; having m. 15 Oct. 1771, Margaret, eldest daughter of Wil¬ liam Fraser, Esq., grandson of the 11th Lord Saltoun ; she was b. 24 April 1754, and d. 12 May, 1819. 4 Hon. Henry, father of Henry-David, the present and 12th Earl, who suc¬ ceeded his uncle; and of other issue, see The Peerage Volume. 5 Thomas, created a British Peer, by the title of Baron Erskine of Restormel Castle; he d. in 1823, leaving issue. See The Peerage Volume. 6 Lady Isabella, to. 1st, 21 Jan. 1770, to William Leslie Hamilton, Esq., who d. 2 Oct. 1780; 2ndly, 23 April 1785, to John, 15th Earl of Glencaim, who d. without issue, 24 Sept. 1796, when his title became extinct. The Countess d. 17 May 1824. For the descendants of Sir Charles Erskine, of Alva, Bart., the only substitute named, after the sons of David, Lord Cardross, in the entail of 1677, from whom there exists surviving issue, see The Peerage Volume , titles Buchan, Rosslyn, and Marr. BUCKINGHAM AND CHANDOS. DUKE OF. (Temi'le-Nugf.nt-Brydges-Chandos-G renville.) Peer of the United Kingdom and of Ireland. Sir Richard Temple, Bart., descended from a long line of Saxon and Norman ancestors, and, more modemly, through heiresses, from the Lords Cobham, was distinguished for his military services in the wars of Queen Anne, under the Duke - of Marlborough, and rose to be a Field Marshal, Lieutenant General of the Ord¬ nance, and Colonel of the 10th regiment of Dragoons. He was also appointed Envoy Extraordinary, and Minister Plenipotentiary, from King George I. to the Emperor Charles VI., and w r as created Baron Cobham, of Kent, in 1714, and in 1718, Viscount and Baron Cobham, with remainder, failing his issue, to his sis¬ ters, Hester, wife of Richard Grenville, Esq., and Christian, wife of Sir Thomas Lyttelton, Bart., and their issue male respectively. He d. without issue, 15 Sept. 1/49, and was succeeded by his eldest sister, Hester, 2nd Viscountess, created in 1749 Countess Temple, until remainder to her issue male. She d. in 1752, having had, besides two sons who d. young, the following issue: 1 Richard, her successor, 2nd Earl Temple, K.G.; he was Keeper of the Privy Seal at the death of King George II., and made a conspicuous figure as leader of the Opposition to Lord Bute’s Administration, in the early part of the reign of George III. ; he d. without issue 11 Sept. 1779. 68 9 B U C 2 The Right Hon. George Grenville, b. 14 Oct. 1712, who became Prime Minis¬ ter in 1703, and d. 13 Nov. 1770; by his marriage in 1749 with Elizabeth, 2nd daughter of Sir William Wyndham, Bart., and sister of the 2nd Earl of Egremont, who d. 5 Dec. 1769, he had, besides the other issue stated in The Peerage Volume , the two sons following: 1 George, 3rd Earl, who having m. Mary-Elizabeth, daughter and heir of Robert, Earl Nugent, assumed by Royal Sign Manual, after succeeding his uncle in the Earldom, the additional surnames of N ugent and Temple. His father-in-law, Robert Nugent, who had been created, in 1706, Baron Nugent and Viscount Clare, which titles became extinct on his death in 178!!, was also created, in 1770, Earl Nugent, in the Peerage of Ireland, with remainder to his said son-in-law, George Gren¬ ville, afterwards Earl Temple, who succeeded to the Irish Earldom on his death, 13 Oct. 1788 ; and was created Marquis of Buckingham in 1784. His Lady was created, in 1800, Baroness Nugent, in Ireland, with remainder to her second son. Lord George Grenville-Nugent- Temple, who succeeded her in that title 10 March 1812. The Mar¬ quis d. 11 Feb. 1813, and was succeeded by his eldest son Richard, the present Duke. 2 William Wyndham, b. 24 Oct. 1759. This distinguished statesman having been Speaker of the House of Commons and Secretary of State was created in 1790, Baron Grenville of Wotton-under-Bemewood, Co. Bucks. He was for a short time Lord of the Treasury in 1806-7. His title became extinct on his death, without issue, 12 Jan. 1834. He m. 18 July 1792, Hon. Anne Pitt, only daughter of Thomas, 1st Lord Camelford, and sister and heir of Thomas, 2nd and last Lord. 3 The Right Hon. James Grenville, who at various times enjoyed several offices under government, was b. 12 Feb. 1715, and d. 14 Sept. 1783, having m. 8 April 1740, Mary, daughter of James Smyth, Esq., by whom, who d. 14 Dec. 1757, he had two sons, viz. 1 James, b. 0 July 1742, created Baron Glastonbury, with a special remainder to his brother, General Richard Grenville, in 1797, and d. unm. 20 April 1825, when the title became extinct. 2 General Richard Grenville, who d. unm. before his brother 22 April 1823. 4 The Hon. Henry Grenville, Governor of Barbadoes, and afterwards Ambas¬ sador to the Porte, b. 1717, d. 22 April 1784; having m. 11 Oct. 1757, Margaret- Eleonora, daughter of John Banks, Esq., by whom, who d. 19 June 1793, he left an only daughter, Louisa, b. 10 Aug. 1758, who m. Charles, 3rd Earl Stanhope, and d. 7 March 1829. 5 Thomas, a Captain in the Royal Navy, was killed in the command of the De¬ fiance of 00 guns, in Vice Admiral Anson’s Victory over the French fleet off Cape Finisterre, 3 May 1747. 0 Lady Hester, b. 1720, d. 3 April 1803, having m. 10 Oct. 1754, the illustrious Statesman and popular Minister, the Right Hon. William Pitt, afterwards Earl of Chatham, who d. 11 May 1778, she was herself created Baroness Chatham in 1701; and was mother of John, 2nd Earl of Chatham, on whose death, without issue, 24 Sept. 1835, the title became extinct; and of the immortal William Pitt, who, after guiding the helm of state through the stormy period of the French Revolution, d. 23 Jan. 1800, in the discharge of his high duties as Prime Minister of the Empire, from the inability of his constitution to support the exertions and great anxiety of mind which the critical state of public affairs occasioned. “ He lived a Commoner, and died in debt.” Richard, the present Duke, who, in 1813, succeeded his father as 2nd Mar¬ quis, having m. Lady Anna-Elizabeth Brydges, daughter and heir of James, 3rd and bust Duke of Chandos, has assumed the additional surnames of Brydges and Chan¬ dos. He was created in 1822 Duke of Buckingham and Chandos, Marquis of Chandos, and Earl Temple of Stowe, with remainder of the said Earldom, failing the heirs njale under the patent of 1749, to Anne-Eliza, his Grace’s granddaughter, and the heirs male of her body. Lord Lyttelton, and the other male descendants of William-Henry, 1st Baron Lyttelton and Westcote, see that title in The Peerage Volume , are in remainder to the titles of Viscount and Baron Gobham, being descended from Christian, Lady Lyttelton. 09 BUC BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, EARL OF. (Hobart-Hampden.) Peer of Great Britain. Certain lands in the County of Norfolk are recorded to have passed through six generations of this family to Sir James Hobart, Attorney-General to King Henry ^ II., who d. in 1.507. Sir Henry Hobart, his great-grandson. Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas, was created a Baronet in 1611, and d. in 1625. He pur¬ chased the manor of Blickling in Norfolk, and built there a stately house ; he left, besides other issue, two sons. Sir John, his successor, who d. without issue male, and Sir Miles Hobart, Knt., father of Sir John, who succeeded his uncle in the Baronetcy; and m. Mary, daughter of John Hampden, Esq., of Hampden, Co. Bucks, and widow of Col. Hammond, by whom he was father of Sir Henry, his successor. Being Member for Norwich in the Convention Parliament, Sir Henry voted for the vacancy of the throne, and afterwards attended King W illiam as Gentleman of the Horse in the battle of the Boyne. He was killed in a duel in 1699, leaving a son, Sir John, raised to the Peerage in 1728, by the title of Lord Hobart, Baron Hobart of Blickling, Co. Norfolk, and in 1746 advanced to the dignity of Earl of Buckinghamshire. He d. in 1756, having, by two marriages, had live sons, two of whom d. young ; the other three were, 1 John, 2nd Earl, b. 17 Aug. 1723, succeeded 22 Sept. 1756, d. 3 Aug. 1793 ; having m. 1st, 15 July 1761, Mary-Anne, daughter and co-heir of Sir Thomas Drury; she d. 30 Dec. 1769; and 2ndly, 24 Sept. 1770, Caroline, daughter of William Conollv, Esq., who d. 26 Jan. 1817. His Lordship had three sons by his 2nd marriage, who all d. in their infancy ; but he left daughters by both marriages, for whom see The Peerage Volume; he was succeeded by his next brother, 2 George, 3rd Earl, succeeded 3 Aug. 1793, d. 14 Nov. 1804; having m. 22 May 1757, Albinia, eldest daughter of Lord Vere Bertie, 3rd son of Robert, 1st Duke of Ancaster and Kesteven, by whom, who was b. 1738, and d. 11 March 1816, he was father of Robert, 4th Earl, his successor, who d. without issue male in 1816, of the Hon. George-Vere Hobart, father of George-Robert, the present and 5th Earl, and of other issue, for whom see The Peerage Volume. 3 Hon. Henry, who d. 10 May 1799 ; having m. 22 July 1761, Anne-Margaret, daughter of John Bristow, Esq., by whom, who d. 12 July 1788, he had issue, as stated in The Peerage Volume. George-Robert, the present Earl, succeeded to the Estate of Hampden on the death of John Trevor Hampden, last Viscount Hampden, 9 Sept. 1824, and there¬ upon assumed, by Royal Sign Manual, the name and arms of Hampden in addition to his own, in pursuance of the will, dated 1753, of John Hampden, Esq., great- grandson of the celebrated John Hampden, who dying unmarried bequeathed his estate to the Trevors, descended from Ruth, eldest daughter of his great-grand¬ father, and on failure of her heirs male to the heirs male of Sir John Hobart by his marriage with Mary, younger daughter of the same John Hampden. 70 B U T BURLINGTON, EARL OF. (Cavendish.) Peer of the United Kingdom. Lord George-Augustus-Hknry Cavendish, 2nd sou of the marriage of William, 4th Duke of Devonshire, with Lady Charlotte Boyle, daughter and heir of Richard, 3rd Earl of Burlington in the Peerage of England (which title became extinct on his death in 1753,) and 4th Earl of Cork, in the Peerage of Ireland ; was created, in 1831, Earl of Burlington, and Baron-Cavendish of Keighley, Co. York. He died in 1834, and was succeeded by his grandson William, the present and 2nd Earl. His Lordship is cousin and presumptive heir of William Spencer, present Duke of Devonshire, is married, and has issue. See The Peerage Volume. BUTE, MARQUIS OF. (Ckichton-Stuart.) Peer of Great Britain and of Scotland. Seventh in descent from Sir John Stewart, Sheriff of Bute, a natural son of King Robert II. of Scotland, was Sir James Stuart, created a Baronet by King Charles 1. in 1627. His active and efficient loyalty, throughout the troubles of that unfortu¬ nate monarch, brought him into great difficulties and dangers; he, however, lived to witness the happy restoration of King Charles II., and, dying in London in 1662, was buried in Westminster Abbey. His son. Sir Dugald, was father of Sir James, created a Peer of Scotland in 1703, by the titles of Earl of Bute, Vis¬ count of Kingarth, Lord Mountstuart, Cumra, and Inchmamock. He m. Agnes, eldest daughter and heir of Sir George Mackenzie of Rosehaugh, and dying in 1710, was succeeded by his son James, 2nd Earl ; to whom, in 1723, succeeded His eldest son, John, 3rd Earl, K.G. His Lordship, shortly before the death of Frederick, Prince of Wales, was appointed one of the Lords of the Bedchamber to His Royal Highness; and having continued in the household of the Princess Dowager and the young Prince her son, acquired in a high degree the confidence of the latter, who 71 BUT soon after his accession to the throne placed Lord Bute at the head of the administra¬ tion. This appointment, however, not proving popular, his Lordship, after con¬ cluding, in 1763, the treaty which terminated the seven years’ war, retired from office, and never afterwards took any prominent part in politics. He was b. 25 May 1713, succeeded ‘28 Jan. 1723, and d. 10 March 1792; having m. 24 Aug. 1730, Mary, only daughter of Edward Wortley-Montagu, Esq., [eldest son of the Hon. Sidney Wortley-Montagu, 2nd son of Edward, first Earl of Sandwich,] which Lady was b. Feb. 1718, and elevated to the British Peerage in 1701, by the title of Baroness Mountstuart, of Wortley, Co. York, with remainder to her issue male by the Earl of Bute ; she d. 0 Nov. 1794, and was succeeded in her Barony by her eldest son. The Earl and Countess had issue, 1 Lady Mary, who d. April 1824; having m. 7 Sept. 1761, James, Earl of Lons¬ dale, who d. 24 May, 1802. 2 Lady Jane, b. April, 1742, d. 28 Feb. 1828 ; having m. 1 Feb. 1768, George, Earl Macartney, who d. 31 March 1806, when his title became extinct. 3 John, his successor, the 1st Marquis. 4 Lady Anne, b. Aug. 1746, is deceased ; having m. 2 July, 1764, Hugh, Earl Percy, afterwards 2nd Duke of Northumberland, which marriage was dissolved in 1779. 5 Hon. James Stuart Wortley Mackenzie, who d. in 1818; he was father of James-Archibald created in 1826 Baron Wharncliffe; see that title in this volume. 6 Lady Augusta, b. Feb. 1749, d. 5 Feb. 1778 ; having m. 26 July 1773, Capt. Andrew Corbett. 7 Lady Caroline, b. May 1750, d. 20 Jan. 1813, late Countess of Portarlington ; see that title in The Peerage Volume. 8 lion. Frederick-Stuart, b. Sept. 1751, d. unm. 17 May 1802. 9 Hon. Sir Charles, K.B., who d. in 1801 ; his son Sir Charles was created in 1828 Baron Stuart ije Rothsay ; see that title in this volume. 10 Hon. and Most-Rev. William, Lord Archbishop of Armagh, b. March 1755 ; d. 6 May, 1822 ; having m. 3 May 1796, Sophia, daughter of Thomas Penn, Esq. ; for their issue see The Peerage Volume. 11 Lady Louisa. John, 4th Earl, who succeeded his father in 1792, had previously been created a British Peer in 1776, by the title of Baron Cardiff, of Cardiff Castle, Co. Glamor¬ gan; in 1794 he succeeded to his mother's Barony of Mountstuart, and in 1796 was created Viscount Mountjoy, in the Isle of Wight; Earl of Windsor, Co. Berks ; and Marquis of Bute. He d. in 1814; having survived his eldest son, John, Lord Mountstuart. The latter m. Lady Elizabeth-Penelope Crichton, only daughter and heir of Patrick, 5th Earl of Dumfries, in the Peerage of Scotland, by whom he left two sons (see The Peerage Volume ) who have both assumed the additional surname of Crichton ; John, the eldest son, succeeded his maternal grandfather as 6th Eari. of Dumfries in 1803; and his paternal grandfather as 2nd Marquis of Bute in 1814 ; and is the present Marquis. William, 7th Lord Crichton, in the Peerage of Scotland, succeeded his cousin Robert, 6th Lord, as heir male ; he was created Viscount of Ayr, in 1622, and in 1633 Earl of Dumfries and Lord Crichton of Sanquhar, and Kumnock, all with remainder to his heirs male ; William, 2nd Earl, his son, had one son, Charles, Lord Crichton, who d. before him, leaving a son, William, afterwards 3rd Earl ; and four daughters, Penelope, Margaret, Mary, and Elizabeth. William, 2nd Earl, surrendered all his honours, and obtained a new patent for them, with precedency according to the former patents, and with limitation to each of the children of Charles Lord Crichton, and the heirs of their bodies respectively, failing which, to the nearest heirs whatso¬ ever of the said Charles Lord Crichton. The 2nd Eari. d. in 1691 ; and William, 3rd Earl, d. unm. in 1694 ; when he was succeeded by his eldest sister Penelope. She m. the Hon. William Dalrymple, 2nd son of John, 1st Earl of Stair, by whom she had William, 5th Earl, and also Earl of Stair, who d. without surviving issue in 1768; and a daughter. Lady Elizabeth: she m. John Macdowall, Esq., and had issue, Patrick, who succeeded his uncle as 6th Earl, and assumed the name of Crich¬ ton ; he was b. 15 Oct. 1726, and d. 7 April, 1803; having m. 12 Sept. 1771, Mar¬ garet, daughter of Ronald Crauford, of Restalrig, Co. Edinburgh ; by whom, who d. 5 May 1799, he had only one surviving child. Lady Elizabeth-Penelope, m. to John Viscount Mountstuart, eldest son of John, 1st Marquis of Bute, by whom she was mother of John, the present and 7th Earl, and 2nd Marquis of Bute. BYR BYRON, BARON. (Byron.) Peer of England. The first of his Lordship’s immediate ancestors on record is Ralph de Buron, who held considerable estates in the Counties of Nottingham and Derby in the reign of William the Conqueror; from this Ralph descended in the 17th generation, John, 1st Lord, who was created, in 1643, Baron Byron, of Rochdale, Co. Lancaster, with remainder, failing his issue male, to his brothers, Richard, William, Robert, Gil¬ bert, and Philip, and their issue male. The first Lord d. without issue, in 1652, and was succeeded by his next brother, Richard, 2nd Lord, who d. in 1679 ; and was succeeded by his son William, 3rd Lord ; to whom succeeded, in 1695, his son W ii.liam, 4th Lord •, he d. in 1736, leaving four sons, 1 William, his successor, 5th Lord, b. 5 Nov. 1722, succeeded 8 Aug. 1736, d. 19 May, 1798, without surviving issue male ; having m. 18 March 1747, Elizabeth, daughter and heir of Charles Shaw, Esq., by whom, who d. 5 July 1788, he had issue a son, William, w'hor/. an infant in May 1749 ; another son, William, b. 27 Oct. 1749, and d. 22 June 1776 ; having m. Juliana-Elizabeth, 2nd daughter of the Hon. Ad¬ miral John Byron, his uncle, who d. 15 March 1788, (having m. 2ndly, Sir Robert Wilmot, Bart.) See below. They had a son, William, who survived his father, but d. in 1794, in the lifetime of his grandfather. 2 Hon. Admiral John Byron, b. 8 Nov. 1723, and d. 10 April, 1786, having in. Aug. 1748, Sophia, daughter of John Trevannion, of Cachays, Co. Cornwall, Esq.; by whom he had two sons and three daughters: 1 John, b. 7 Feb. 1756,rf. 2nd Aug. 1791; having?/;. 1 June, 1779, Lady Amelia D’Arcy, Baroness Conyers, daughter and heir of Robert, 4th Earl of Iloldemess, divorced 31 May 1779, from Francis, 5th Duke of Leeds; and 2ndly, 12 May 1785, Miss Catherine Gordon, by whom, who d. 6 Aug. 1811, he had one son, George-Gordon, 6th Lord, the celebrated Poet ; who succeeded to the Peerage on the death of his great uncle, the 5th Lord, in 1798 ; and d. in Greece, without issue male, in 1824. 2 Captain George-Anson Byron, R.N., for whom sec The Peerage Volume , father of George-Anson, present had 7th Lord, who succeeded his cou¬ sin in 1824. 3 Frances, d. 19 Oct. 1823 ; having m. General Charles Leigh, d. 7 Aug. 1815. 4 Juliana-Elizabeth, d. 15 March 1788; having™. 1st,Hon. William Byron, son of William, 5th Lord — See above; and 2ndly, 23 Sept. 1783, Sir Robert Wilmot, Bart. 5 Charlotte-Augusta, d. 10 March, 1824 ; having m. Vice-Admiral Chris¬ topher Parker, who d. 26 May 1804, [eldest son of the late Sir Peter Parker, Bart.] 3 lion, and Rev. Richard, b. 28 Oct. 1724, d. 5 Nov. 1811 ; having m. 1768, Mary, daughter of Richard Farmer, Esq.; she was b. 1749, and d. 9 April, 1827 : for their issue see The Peerage Volume. 4 Hon. George, b. 22 April 1730, d. 6 May 1789 ; having Frances, daughter and co-heir of Elton Levett, Esq., by whom, who d. 13 June 1822, he left no sur¬ viving issue male. 73 C A I CADOGAN, EARL. (Cadogan.) Peer of Great Britain. The 1st of this family to whom the pedigree is traced is Thomas Cadogan, said to be lineally descended from Kehdlyn, Prince of Powis; 4th in descent from this Thomas, was Henry Cadogan, Esq., who had two sons: 1 William, who having served with great distinction as Lieutenant-General in the wars of Queen Anne, under the Duke of Marlborough, was afterwards Ambas¬ sador from her Majesty and King George I. to the Hague, and was finally ap¬ pointed Commander-in-Chief of his Majesty’s forces, Master-General of the Ord¬ nance, and Colonel of the 1st Regiment of Foot Guards. He was created Baron Cadogan, of Reading, Co. Berks. 1716 : and Baron Cadogan, of Oakley, Co. Bucks, Viscount Caversham, Co. Oxford, and Earl Cadogan, 1718; with remainder of the Barony, failing his issue male, to Charles Cadogan, his brother ; he d. without male issue in 1726, when the titles of Earl and Viscount, and the Barony of Cadogan of Reading, became extinct. 2 Charles, 2nd Lord, succeeded his brother, as Baron Cadogan of Oakley. He also served in the wars under the Duke of Marlborough, and rose to the rank of General; he d. in 1776, and was succeeded by his only son, Charles Sloane, 3rd Lord, created in 1800 Viscount Chelsea, Co. Middlesex, and Earl Cadogan ; he d . in 1807, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Charles-Henry-Sloane, 2nd Earl ; whose next surviving brother, George, the present and 3rd Earl, succeeded him 23 Dec. 1832, having been previously created, in 1831. Baron Oakley, of Caversham, Co. Oxford. CAITHNESS, EARL OF. (Sinclair.) Peer of Scotland. The family of St. Clair came into England with William the Conqueror ; and this branch, with that of Herdmanstoun, paternal ancestors of Lord Sinclair, settled in Scotland in the 12th century. 74 C A I William ile St. Clair obtained the Manor of Rosslyn, in the reign of King Da¬ vid I.; 7 th in descent from him was Sir William, whom. Isabel, daughter and co¬ heir of Malise, Earl of Strathern, Caithness, and Orkney ; their son Henry obtained the Earldom of Orkney, and was grandfather of William, 3rd Earl, who surren¬ dered his Earldom to the King, and had a grant, in 1455, of that of Caithness, which he resigned to William, his son by a second marriage,passing over another William, the only son of his first marriage, and from whom Lord Sinclair is maternally descended. The above William, 2nd Earl of Caithness, in the Peerage of Scotland, who obtained a confirmation of the Earldom, to him and his heirs whatsoever, was killed in the battle of Flodden, in 1513, and was succeeded by his eldest son John, 3rd Earl. He was killed in 1529, in an unsuccessful attempt to obtain possession of the Orkney Islands, to which he alleged a claim, and was succeeded by his only surviving son, George, 4th Earl ; he d. in 1582, having had three sons, of whom two left issue, viz.: 1 John, Master of Caithness, ancestor of the succeeding Earls ; and 2 George Sinclair, of Mey ; from whom are descended many collateral branches of this noble family, and among them. Sir John Sinclair, of Dunbeath, Bart. Sir John, 2nd son of this George Sinclair, of Mey, obtained the title of Baronet, which, after his decease without issue, devolved on the male heirs of his eldest brother, Sir William Sinclair, of Mey; from whom, through seven generations of Baronets, in direct male succession, descended Sir James Sinclair, of Mey, who became 12th Earl of Caithness in 1789. John, Master of Caithness, eldest son of the 4th Earl, d. before his father in 1577, leaving three sons, viz. 1 George, 5th Earl, who succeeded his grandfather. 2 Sir James Sinclair, of Murchill, father of another Sir James, whose son John succeeded as 8th Earl of Caithness in 1698. 3 Sir John Sinclair, of Greenland: he had five sons, of whom three elder and the youngest d. without issue; but James Sinclair, of Ratter, his 4th son, was great-grandfather of William, who succeeded in 1765, as 10th Earl of Caith¬ ness, and established his claim to the Earldom before the House of Peers in 1772. George, 5th Earl, d. in 1643; having survived his eldest son William, Lord Berriedale, and John, Master of Berriedale, the only son of the latter ; the Master dying before his father in 1639, left also an only son, George, 6th Earl, he suc¬ ceeded his great-grandfather, and d. without issue in 1676 ; having disposed of his estates in consideration of his debts, to his principal creditor, Sir John Campbell, of Glenorchy, who, in 1677, was created Earl of Caithness. But George, 5th Earl, had also a second son, Francis Sinclair, of Keiss, whose son, George, 7th Earl, succeeded in establishing his claim to the Earldom of Caithness, and Sir John Campbell, of Glenorchy, was in consequence created Earl of Breadalbane. The 7th Earl d. irnm. in 1698 ; when the title devolved on the heir male, John, 8th Earl, grandson, as shown above, of Sir James Sinclair, of Murchill, 2nd son of John, Master of Caithness, eldest son of the 4th Earl. He d. in 1705, and was succeeded by his son, Alexander, 9th Earl, who d. without issue male in 1765, when the male line of Sir James Sinclair, of Murchill, became extinct, and the title devolved on the heir male of his younger brother. Sir John Sinclair, of Greenland. William, 10th Earl, fourth in descent from the said Sir John, as above de¬ scribed, d. in 1779, and was succeeded by his son, John, 11th Earl, who d. unm. in 1789, when the male issue of John, Master of Caithness, failed. The line of George Sinclair, of Mey, 2nd son of the 4th Earl, was next in suc¬ cession, and his descendant, Sir James Sinclair, of Mey, made good his claim to the title ; he d. in 1823, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Alexander, the present and 13th Earl. CAL CALEDON, EARL OF. (Alexander.) Peer of Ireland. His Lordship is of the same family with the Scotch Earls of Stirling, descended from the ancient Clan Macdonald. The name of Alexander was assumed from the Christian name of its founder, Alexander Macdonald, of Menstrie. This branch, on removing into Ireland, adopted into the family shield the Canton charged with the Harp of Ireland, and settled at Newtown Limivady, in the county of London¬ derry. From Captain Andrew Alexander, attainted by the Parliament held in Dublin by King James II., descended Nathaniel Alexander of Londonderry, his Lordship's grandfather, who, by his marriage with Elizabeth, daughter of William M'Clintoch, Esq., of Dunmore, Co. Donegal, had issue, 1 William, whose youngest son Robert has left issue male. 2 Robert, who left a numerous surviving issue. 3 James. 4 Eliza, wife of the late .Tosias Du Pre, Esq. James Alexander, Esq., 3rd son, was b. in 1730, and sat in the Irish Parliament for the city of Londonderry from 1772 to 1789, when he was created Baron Caledon of Caledon, Co. Tyrone, Viscount Caledon in 1797, and Eari. of Caledon in 1800, all in the Peerage of Ireland; he was father of Du-Pre, the present and 2nd Earl, who succeeded him in 1802. CALTHORPE, BARON. (Gough-Calthorpe.) Peer of Great Britain. The paternal name of this family is Gough. His Lordship’s grandfather, Sir Henry Gough, 9th in descent from John Gough, living in Wales at the end of the 14th century, and only surviving son of Sir Richard Gough, Knt., of Edgebaston, 76 CAM Co. Warwick, who amassed a considerable fortune in India, was created a Baronet in 1728, with remainder, in default of male issue, to his brother, John Gough, Esq. Sir Henry m. 1st, Catherine, 2nd daughter of Sir John Harper, by whom he had no issue, and 2ndly, in 17H, Barbara, only daughter of Reynolds Calthorpe, Esq., of Elvetham, Co. Southampton, and heir to her brother. Sir Henry Cal¬ thorpe, K.B., on whose death, Henry, her son, by Sir Henry Gough, assumed the name and arms of Calthorpe, pursuant to the will of his uncle ; and succeeded also to the Estates in Norfolk and Suffolk, of James Calthorpe, of Ampton, Co. Suffolk, Esq., and became heir general of the family of Calthorpe, which had been seated at Calthorpe,in Norfolk, from the time of Henry III. lie was created, in 1796, Ba¬ ron Calthorpe, of Calthorpe, Co. Norfolk; he had a numerous issue, besides Charles, 2nd Lord, who succeeded him in 179(1, and d. unm. in 1807, having just attained his majority ; and George, the present and 3rd Lord, who succeeded his brother. CAMDEN, MARQUIS. (Pratt.) Peer of the United Kingdom. The ancestors of the Marquis were seated in Devonshire, and were of Carcswell in that county, in the reign of Elizabeth. Sir Richard Pratt, who lost his estates in the Civil Wars, was grandfather of the Right Honourable Sir John Pratt, Chief Justice of the King’s Bench, father of the 1st Earl. Sir John m. 1st, Elizabeth, daughter and co-heiress of the Rev. Henry Gregory, Rector of Middleton Stoney, Co. Stafford ; and 2ndly, Elizabeth, daughter of the Rev. Hugh Wilson. He d. in 1724, leaving a numerous issue by both marriages; of nine sons, seven d. without issue, the other two were, 1 John Pratt, of the Wilderness, in Kent, Esq.; his heir, who d. in 1770, leaving by his 1st marriage with Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Geoffrey Jeffreys, of Brecknock Priory, Co. Brecknock, a son John, who d. in 1797, and be¬ queathed all his property to the present Marquis. 2 Charles, 8th son, who having passed through the usual gradations of law offices, was, when Chief Justice of the King’s Bench in 1765, created Baron Camden of Camden Place, Co. Kent, and was soon afterwards appointed Lord High Chancellor, but resigned the seals in 1770. In 1786, he was created Viscount Bayham, of Bayham Abbey, Co. Sussex, and Earl Camden, and d. in 1794. John-Jeffreys, his son and successor, the present Peer, was advanced in 1812 to the dignity of Marquis Camden, and at the same time created Earl of Brecknock, in Wales. CAN CAMPERDOWN, EARL OF. (Duncan.) Peer of the United Kingdom. William Duncan, of a very ancient family seated at Lundie, Co. Angus, was father of Alexander, who, by his wife Anne Drummond, of Megins, had issue Alexander Duncan, of Lundie, Esq., m. to Isabella, daughter of Sir Peter Murray, of Aughtertyre, Bart., by whom he had two sons, 1 Alexander, who succeeded at Lundie; 2 William, M.D., created a Baronet in 1765; he m. Lady Mary Tufton, eldest daughter of Saekville, 7th Earl of Thanet, but dying without issue, the title of Baronet became extinct. Alexander, the eldest son, by his marriage with Helen Baldane, heiress of Glen- eagles, had issue also two sons, Alexander, a Lieut.-Col. in the army, who succeeded at Lundie, but d. unm. ; and Adam Duncan, the distinguished Admiral, created, in 1797, in consequence of his splendid victory over the Dutch fleet off Camperdown, Viscount Duncan ofCam- perdown, and Baron Duncan of Lundie, Co. Forfar, in the British Peerage. He d. in 1804, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Robert Dundas, present and 2nd Viscount, advanced in 1831 to the dignity of Earl of CAMPEimowN, of Lundie, Co. Forfar, and Gleneagles, Co. Perth. CANNING, VISCOUNT. (Canning.) Peer of the United Kmgdom. His Lordship’s father, the late Right Hon. George Canning, wasson of George Canning, Esq., who d. 11 April 1771, eldest son of Stratford Canning, Esq., of Garvagh, in Ireland, and elder brother of Paul Canning, Esq., father of the present Lord Gar¬ vagh. Having passed through Eton and Oxford with more than ordinary eclat , he entered early into public life, and became distinguished as a political writer, and most eloquent parliamentary orator. Mr. Canning filled for several years so>.ie of CAN the higher offices of the Government, and was at length appointed First Lord of the Treasury and Chancellor of the Exchequer under King Geckoe IV. On his death, in consequence of the fatigues he incurred in administering the affairs of his high office, his widow was created, in 1828, Viscountess Canning, of Kilbrahan, Co. Kilkenny, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, with remainder to the heirs male of her body by her late husband, the Right Hon. George Canning, deceased. The Viscountess’s father, Major-General John Scott, of Balcomie, said to have been the lineal descendant of a younger branch of the family of Scott, of Buccleuch, left, by his marriage with Margaret, 3rd daughter of the Right Honourable Robert Dundas, eldest brother of the 1st Viscount Melville, three daughters, his co-heirs; 1 Henrietta, Duchess of Portland ; 2 Lucy, who d. 3 Aug. 1798, wife of Francis, Lord Doune, now Earl of Moray ; S Joan, the late Viscountess, who d. in 1837, and was succeeded by her only surviving son, Ciiari.es-John, the present Viscount. CANTERBURY, VISCOUNT. (Manners-Sutton.) Peer of the United Kingdom. John, 3rd Duke of Rutland, m. Bridget, daughter, and sole heir of Robert Sutton, 2nd and last Lord Lexington, and by her had three sons; 1 John, Marquis of Granby, who d. before his father, and was father of Charles, the 4th Duke, and grandfather of John-Henry, the present and 5th' Duke of Rut¬ land. 2 Lord Robert, who succeeded to the Lexington estates, and took the additional surname of Sutton, but d. unm. in 1762. 3 Lord George Manners, who succeeded his brother in the Lexington property, and also assumed the name and arms of Sutton ; he m. 1st, Diana, daughter of Thomas Chaplin, Esq., and 2ndly, Mary, daughter of Joshua Peart, Esq., and d. in 1783, leaving the numerous issue described in The Peerage Volume , under the pedigree of the Duke of Rutland. Lord George’s 4th son was Charles, late Lord Archbishop of Canterbury, whose marriage and issue are also described in the same article of The Peerage Volume; he d. in 1828, and his eldest son Charles, the present Lord, who for eighteen years had served with distinguished honour in the important office of Speaker to the House of Commons, was on the election of the present Speaker in 1835, created Baron Bottes- ford, Co. Leicester, and Viscount Canterbury of the City of Canterbury. 79 C A R CARBERY, BARON. (Evans-Freke.) Peer of Ireland. This noble family was originally seated in Carmarthenshire, and is supposed to be descended from one of the ancient princes of Wales. In the reign of Jambs I., John Evans removed into Ireland, and was living in Limerick in 1628. His son. Col. George Evans, M.P. for Limerick, m. Anne, daughter of Thomas Bowerman, Esq., and was father of the Right Hon. George Evans, who served many years in Parliament, m. in 1679, Mary, daughter of John Eyre, Esq., and sister of John, 1st Lord Eyre, and d. at an advanced age, having refused the honour of the Peer¬ age. He left three sons, 1 George, 1st Lord. 2 Eyre, father of Hampden Evans, Esq., deceased, who being in remainder to the title, his issue will be found in The Peerage Volume. 3 Thomas, d. 15 Sept. 1753 ; having m. Mary, daughter of Thomas Waller, Esq., ' grandson of the rebel General Sir Hardress Waller ; she d. in 1762. They had two sons, viz.: 1 Eyre Evans,Esq. of Miltown Castle, whorf. 5 April 1773,having m. Sept. 1756, Mary, only daughter and heir of Thomas Williams, Esq.: she' d. 2.9 Nov. 1825, leaving a son, Eyre Evans, Esq. of Ashill, Co. Limerick, and Mil- town Castle, Co. Cork, and three daughters, for all of whom see The Peer¬ age Volume. 2 Rev. Thomas-Waller Evans, who d. in 1796; having m. Catherine, only daughter of James Holdemesse D'Arcy, Esq., and heir to her brother Colonel James D’Arcy; she d. in 1805, leaving Thomas D’Arcy Evalds, Esq., of Bushy Island, Co. Limerick, and other issue, who are all de¬ scribed in The Peerage Volume , being in remainder to the title. George, eldest son of the Right Hon. George Evans, was created, in 1715, Ba¬ ron Carbery, Co. Cork, in the Peerage of Ireland, with remainder, failing his issue male, to the issue male of his father ; he d. in 1749, leaving two sons: 1 George, 2nd Lord, who d. in 1759, leaving also two sons, viz.: 1 George, 3rd Lord, his successor, who d. in 1783, and was succeeded by his only son George, 4th Lord, b. 11 Feb. 1766, succeeded 26 May 1783, and d. 31 Dec. 1804 ; having m. 13 Aug. 1792, Susan, daughter and heir of Col. Watson, who m. 2ndly, George Freke Evans, Esq., and d. Oct. 1828. 2 John, 5th Lord, b. 1738, succeeded his nephew in 1804, m. 15 April 1759, Emilia, 4th daughter of the very Rev. William Crowe, Dean of Clon- fert, and d. 4 March 1807, without surviving male issue. 3 The Hon. John Evans, of Bulgaden Hall, who d. in 1758, having m. Grace, only daughter of Sir Ralph Freke, of West Bilney, Co. Norfolk, and of Castle Freke, Co. Cork, Bart., and sole heir of her brother, Sir John-Redmond Freke, Bart., by whom he had issue, 1 George, his successor, who d. without issue in 1769. 2 Sir John, who on succeeding to the estate of his uncle assumed the name and arms of Freke ; he was created a Baronet in 1768, and d. 20 March 1777 ; having m. Lady Elizabeth Gore, 2nd daughter of Arthur, 1st Earl of Arran, by whom he was father of Sir John, who succeeded him in the 80 4 CAR Baronetcy in 1777, and his cousin the 5th Lord in the Peerage in 1807 and is the present and 6th Lord. 3 William, who d. Feb. 1796, leaving by his marriage with Elizabeth, daugh¬ ter of Richard Becher, Esq., a son, who is deceased unm., and three daughters, who all married, and are also deceased. 4 Ralph, who m. Elizabeth, daughter of Robert Woodcock, Esq., and left a son and daughter, both deceased. CARDIGAN, EARL OF. (Brudenell.) Peer of England. The first of this family from whom the pedigree can he traced was William de Brudenell, living in the reign of Henry III.; 8th in descent from him was Thomas Brudenell, created a Baronet by King James I. in 1611, and, in 16 - 27, Baron Bru¬ denell of Stanton- Wivill, Co. Leicester, by King Charles I.; to which unfortunate monarch he faithfully adhered during his wars with the Parliament; and on the triumph of the latter was committed to the Tower, where he relieved the tedium of a long confinement by making extracts and collections from the national records there deposited, most of which still remain in manuscript in the library of the Earl of Cardigan at Dean, in Northamptonshire. Soon after the Restoration, he was advanced by King Charles II., in 1661, to the dignity of Earl of Cardigan. He d. in 1664, and was succeeded by his son Robert, 2nd Earl. He <1. in 1703, and Francis Lord Brudenell, his only son who survived the age of infancy, d. before him in 1698, leaving two sons, George, 3rd Earl, and the Hon. James Brudenell, from whom male issue still exists. George, 3rd Earl, succeeded his grandfather, and d. in 1732 ; having m. Lady Elizabeth Bruce, daughter of Thomas, 2nd Earl of Ailesbury in the Peerage of England, and 3rd Earl of Elgin in Scotland, by whom he had four sons, viz.: 1 George, (Brudenell-Montagu,) 4th Earl, b. 26 July 1712, succeeeded 5 July 1732; assumed the additional surname of Montagu after the death of his father-in-law in 1749 ; was created Duke of Montagu and Marquis of Monthermer, in 1766 ; and Baron Montagu, of Boughton, Co. Northampton, in 1786, with re¬ mainder to his grandson Henry-James Montagu-Scott, 2nd son of Henry, 3rd Duke of Buccleuch, by Elizabeth, his daughter; he d. 23 May 1790, having m. 7 July 1730, Lady Mary Montagu, 2nd daughter and at length sole heir of John, Duke of Montagu, b. 1712, d. 1 May 1775; they had one son John, Marquis of Monthermer, who d. before his father, and a daughter and heir Elizabeth, late Duchess of Buccleuch and Queensberry. On his death the titles of Duke and Marquis became extinct; the Barony of Montagu devolved, according to the Patent, on his grandson, Lord Henry-James Montagu-Scott, and the Earldom on his next brother, 2 James, 5th Earl, b. 10 April 1725, created in 1780, Baron Brudenell of Dean, Co. Northampton, which title became extinct on his death; succeeded as E/rl,23 May 1790, d. without issue 24 Feb. 1811; having m. 1st, 19 Nov. 1760, the Hon. Anne Legge, eldest daughter of George, Viscount Lewisham, son of Willihm, 1st Earl of Dartmouth, who d. 12 Jan. 1786 ; and 2ndly, 28 April 1791, Lady Eli- abeth Waldegrave, eldest daughter of John, 3rd Earl Waldegrave, b. 26 May 758, and d. 23 June 1823. 81 G CAR 3 The Hon. Robert Brudenell, who d. in 1768, father of Robert, present and 6th Earl, who succeeded his uncle in 1811. 4 Thomas, created Earl of Ailesbury, father of the present Marquis of Ailes¬ bury. CAREW, BARON. (Carew.) Peer of Ireland. Robert Carew, Esq. of Castleborough, Co. "Wexford, left, by Elizabeth Shapland, his wife, besides other issue, two sons ; 1 Shapland, grandfather of the present Peer. 2 Thomas, from whom descends Thomas Carew, Esq. of Ballinamona. Shapland Carew, Esq., married Miss Dobson, and left issue by her, 1 Robert-Shapland Carew, Esq., of Castleborough, for whose marriage and issue, see The Peerage Volume; he f Welbore Ellis, Lord Bishop of Meath, descended from the family of Ellis, who trace their possessions in Yorkshire to the time of the Con¬ quest, and sister of Welbore, created, in 1794, Baron Mendip, Co. Somerset, in the Peerage of Great Britain, with remainder, failing his issue male, to Hexry- Welbore Agar, 2nd Viscount Clifden in Ireland, John-Ellis Agar, and Charles- Bagenal Agar, sons of James, 1st Viscount Clifden in Ireland, eldest son of Henry Agar, Esq., by Anne Ellis, only sister of the said Lord, and their heirs male re¬ spectively ; in default of which, to Welbore-Ellis Agar, Esq., and Dr. Charles Agar, Archbishop of Cashel, (afterwards Earl of Normanton, and Archbishop of Dublin,) 2nd and 3rd sons of the above-mentioned Henry Agar and Anne Ellis, and their heirs male respectively. This Welbore-Ellis, 1st Lord Mexdip, was bom in 1713. and d. without issue 2 Feb. 1802; having m. 1st, Elizabeth, daughter of the Hon. Sir William Stanhope, K.B., (2nd son of Philip, 3rd Earl of Chester¬ field,) who d. 1 Aug. 1761 ; and 2ndly, Anne, daughter of George Stanley, Esq., who was b. in 1725, and d. 7 Dee. 1803. Anne, his sister, who was b. 26 Aug. 1707, m. 2ndly, after Mr. Agar’s death, George Dunbar, Esq., and d. 14 April 1765, leaving, by her first husband Henry Agar, Esq., 1 James ; 2 AVelbore-Ellis, who d. without issue in Oct. 1805 ; 3 Charles, Archbishop of Cashel, and afterwards of Dublin, and late Earl of Normanton ; 4 The Rev. Henry Agar, not included in the limitation of the patent ; he left a son, Henry Agar-Ellis, in. in Bombay, with issue. James, their eldest son, was created, in 1776, Lord Clifden, Baron of Gowran, Co. Kilkenny, and, in 1781, Viscount Clifden, both in the Peerage of Ireland , he d. in 1789, and was succeeded by his eldest son, IIexry-AVelbore, 2nd Viscount, who, in 1802, pursuant to the limitation of the patent, also succeeded his maternal uncle in the Barony of Mexdip, in the Peerage of Great Britain, and assumed the name and arms of Ellis. For his marriage, issue, &c., see The Peerage Volume. George, his only son, was created a Peer of the United Kingdom in 1831, by the title of Baron Dover, and d. in 1833, when he was succeeded in that title by his el¬ dest son, Henry, who also succeeded to the honours of his grandfather in 1836, and is the present and 3rd ATscount. 104 C L I CLIFFORD, BARON. (Clifford.) Peer of England. William Fitzponz came into England with William the Conqueror, and was grandfather of Walter, who acquired the castle of Clifford by marriage, and as¬ sumed his family name therefrom ; 5th in descent from him was Robert, summoned to Parliament by writ as Baron Clifford in 1299 ; grandfather of Roger, 5th Lord, who d. in 1390, leaving issue: 1 Thomas, (ith Lord, ancestor of the Earls of Cumberland, extinct in 1569, and whose Barony is now possessed by Lord de Clifford as heir general. 2 Sir Lewis Clifford, K.G., whose son William had issue : 1 Lewis, ancestor of the Cliffords of Kent ; 2 John, ancestor in the 7th degree of Sir Thomas Clifford of Ugbrooke, Co. Devon, who was raised by royal favour and his own abilities to great eminence in the state. He resumed, during the in¬ terregnum, after the death of King Charles I., the profession of the Roman Catho¬ lic religion, and was one of the five statesmen who, during the reign of Charles II., were denominated the cabal, from the initial letters of their names ; viz. Clifford, Ashley, Buckingham, Arlington, Lauderdale. Having served in various high offices of government, he held for a short time the distinguished post of Lord High Treasurer of the kingdom, and, in 1672, was created Baron Clifford of Chudleigh, Co. Devon. He d. in 1673 ; and from him the title was inherited, in direct descent from father to son, by three Barons, all named Hugh ; the 2nd Lord d. in 1730 ; Hugh, 3rd Lord, in 1732, having had four sons, of whom Hugh, the eldest son, his successor, and Thomas, the youngest son, alone left issue. The latter was h. 22 Aug. 1732, and d. Iff June 1737 ; having m. 2 Feb. 1762, Hon. Barbara Aston, daughter and co-heir of James, 5th Lord Aston, who d. 2 Aug. 1786. For their issue, see The Peerage Volume. Hugh, Ith Lord, h. 29 Sept. 1726, succeeded his father 26 March 1732, and d. 1 Sept. 1783 ; having m. 17 Dec. 1719, Lady Anne Lee, 5th daughter of Gcorge- Henry, 2nd Earl of Lichfield, who was b. Jan. 1731, and d. 9 Dec. 1802. They had issue, besides daughters, (see The Peerage Volume,) the four sons following: 1 Hugh- Edward-Henry, 5th Lord, b. 2 July 1756, succeeded 1 Sept. 1783, and d. without issue 15 Jan. 1793; having m. May 1780, the Hon. Appollonia Langdale, youngest daughter and co-heir of Marmaduke, 4th and last Lord Lang- dale ; she d. Dec. 1815. 2 Charles, 6th Lord, who succeeded his brother, and d. in 1831, when he was succeeded by his eldest son, IIugh-Ciiarles, present and 7th Lord. 3 Hon. Robert-Edward, F.R. and A.S., b. 16 Oct. 1767, d. unm., 18 Feb. 1817. 4 Hon. Thomas-Edward, b. 5 Dec. 1774, d. 2 April 1817 ; having m. 17 Nov. 1807, Henrietta-Philippina, Baroness de Lutzow, by whom, who d. 20 Nov. 1822, he left three daughters. 105 C L I CLINTON, BARON. (Trefusis.) Peer of England. Theophllus Clinton, 4th Earl of Lincoln, and 11th Baron Clinton, 11th in direct paternal descent from John de Clinton, the 1st Baron by writ 1299, and 16th from Osbert, the 1st Baron by tenure, had, besides seven daughters, a son, Edward, father of Edward, 5th Earl and 12th Lord, on whose death, without issue, in 1692, the Earldom devolved on Francis Clinton, 6th Earl, his cousin and heir male, and this Barony fell into abeyance, between his aunts, daughters and co-heirs of Theo- philvs, 4th Earl and 11th Lord; of whom four d. unm. Lady Catherine, eldest daughter, m. George Booth, Lord Delamere, and left an only daughter and heir, Vere, who d. unm. in 1717 : the other two were. Lady Arabella, 4th daughter,who m. Robert Rolle, Esq., and had by him a son, Samuel, father of Margaret, 14th Baroness, his only daughter and heir; and a daughter, Bridget, who m. Francis Trefusis, Esq.; and their son Samuel was father of Robert-Cotton Trefusis, Esq., father of Robert-George-William, 16th Lord. And Lady Margaret, 5th daughter, who m. Hugh Boscawen, Esq., by whom she had a daughter and heir, Bridget, who, by marriage with Hugh Fortescue, Esq., was mother of Hugh, 13th Lord, in whose favour the King was pleased to terminate the abeyance in 1721 ; on his death in 1751, it again fell into abeyance, till, by the death, in 1760, of Margaret, his sister and heir, Margaret, 14th Baroness, became sole heir of the Barony; she m. Robert, 2nd Earl of Orford, and d. in 1781, when her son George, 15th Lord Clinton, and 3rd Earl of Orford, succeeded ; he d. 5 Dec. 1791 ; and in 1794 the sole heir, Robert-George-William Trefusis, 16th Lord, descended from an ancient fa¬ mily, seated at Trefusis, Co. Cornwall, claimed and was allowed the Barony. He d. in 1797, and was succeeded by his eldest son, RoBERT-CoTTON-St.-JoHN, 17th Lord, who, dying without issue, in 1832, was succeeded by his next brother Charles- Rudolph, present and 18th Lord. 106 C L O CLONBllOCK, BARON, (Dillon.) Peer of Ireland. His Lordship is of the same ancestry with Viscount Dillon, and the Earl of Ros¬ common, being descended from Sir James, younger son of Gerald Dillon, of Drum- rany, whose eldest son. Sir Maurice, was ancestor of Viscount Dillon. Sir James was father of Sir Robert, who had issue ; 1 Sir Richard, ancestor of Sir Charles Dillon, Bart., of Lismullen, Co. Meath. 2 Gerald, from whom the Lords Clonbrock descend. 3 Sir James, ancestor of the Earl of Roscommon. Robert Dillon, of Clonbrock, M.P. for the borough of Dungannon, descended from Gerald the 2nd son, m. Margaret, daughter of Morgan Morgan, of Togherston House, Co. Westmeath, Esq., widow, of Sir Arthur Shaen, Bart. : and d. in 1746. leaving issue a son, Luke, his successor, who m. Bridget, daughter of John Kelly, of Castle Kelly, Co. Galway, Esq., and had, besides other issue, who d. unmarried, 1 Robert, his heir. 2 Luke Dillon, Esq., who d. in 1821, having m. Lady Margaret-Augusta de Burgh, second daughter of John-Smyth, 11th Earl of Clanricarde, by whom he has left issue, 3 Honoria, m. 1778, Walter Lambert, Esq., and d. without issue. Robert, 1st Lord, the eldest son, was created, in 1790, Baron Clonbrock of Clonbrock, Co. Galway, and d. in 1795 ; when he was succeeded by his only son, Luke, 2nd Lord, to whom, in 1826, succeeded his only surviving son, Robert, the present and 3rd Lord. CLONCURRY, BARON. (Lawless.) Peer of Ireland and of the United Kingdom. This family has been settled in Ireland from the time of King Henry II., Sir Hugh de Lawless, of Hoddesdon, Co. Herts., having obtained from that Monarch a grant of the Manor of Shangenagh, Co. Dublin, where he erected a castle, the ruins of 107 C L O which are still visible. He was ancestor of Walter Lawless, of Talbot Inche, Co. Kilkenny, who received large grants in the counties of Tipperary, Waterford, and Kilkenny, from King James I. He m. Margaret, daughter of Robert Wrothe, Esq., and d. in 1627, leaving an only son Richard, who succeeded at Talbot Inche; m. Margaret, daughter of Patrick Den, of Grenan, Co. Kilkenny, Esq., and had issue, two sons, 1 Walter, who attaching himself to the cause of King James II. forfeited his estate; he m. Anne, daughter of John Bryan, of Jenkinstown, Co. Kilkenny, Esq., by whom he was father of Richard, killed at the siege of Limerick, in 1691 ; and Sir Patrick, who entered the military service of Philip V. King of Spain, was created by him a Knight of the equestrian order, and sent Ambassador to the Court of France during the regency of the Duke of Orleans ; he was afterwards appointed Governor of Majorca, where he died ; and 2 Thomas Lawless, Esq., from whom descended, in the fourth degree, Sir Nicho¬ las Lawless, who during his early life resided in Normandy, but returning to Ireland was created a Baronet in 1776, and in the same year elected to the Irish Parliament for Lifford, which borough he continued to represent till 1789, when he was created Baron Cloncurry, of Cloncurry, Co. Kildare. His Lordship d. in 1799, and was succeeded by his only son, Valentine-Browne, present and 2nd Lord ; who was also created, in 1831, a Peer of the United Kingdom, by the same title of Baron Cloncurry, of Cloncurry, Co. Kildare. CLONMEL, EARL OF. (Scott.) Peer of Ireland. Thomas Scott, who was settled in Ireland, and was a Captain of King William’s army, fell in battle in Ireland, in the war of the Revolution. He m. Margaret, daughter and heir of Henry Ormsby, of Tubbervady, Co. Roscommon, Esq., and had issue one son, the Rev. Michael Scott, who m. Miss Purcell, of the ancient family of Purcell, titular Barons of Loughmoe, and by her was father, amongst many children, of John, 1st Earl. He possessed in his boyhood a spirit superior to his strength, with a warm heart and temper. Having protected a little boy of the name of Hugh C arleton, his schoolfellow, and afterwards Lord Viscount Carleton, and Chief Justice of the Court of Common Pleas, from the insults of a bigger, and avenged him by a hearty flogging, an attachment commenced between them ; and he found a kind patron in his friend’s father, who, from his opulence and respectability, was styled “ King of Cork,” who invited him to his house. Mr. Carleton sent both the young men, with equal allowances, to College and the Temple. Both were called to the bar ; and Mr. Scott’s eloquence procured him an establishment at the moment when his friend's father, by a combination of disappointments, became a bankrupt. Mr. Scott immediately settled on him £300 a year for life, and continued to pay it till young Carleton’s success in his profession enabled him to insist on his discontinuing it. Mr. Scott, having passed through several of the subordinate Law Offices in Ire¬ land, was appointed, in 1784, Lord Chief Justice of the King’s Bench ; in the same year was created Baron Earlsfort, of Lisson-Earl, Co, Tipperary; advanced to the dignity of Viscount Clonmel, of Clonmel, Co. Tipperary, in 1789, and to that of Earl of Clonmei. in 1783. He d. in 1798, and was succeeded by his onlv son, Thomas, the present and 2nd Earl. 108 COL COLCHESTER, BARON. (Abbot.) Peer of the United Kingdom. The Rev. John Abbot, D.D., Rector of All-Saints, in Colchester, was b. in Oct. 1717, and d. 29 April 1760, having m. Sarah, daughter of Jonathan Farr, Esq., by whom, who m. 2ndly, Jeremiah Bentham, Esq., and d. 27 Sept. 1809, he had issue: 1 John-Farr Abbot, Esq., of the Inner Temple, London, b. in 1756, and d. with¬ out issue 22 Sept. 1794, having m. Mary, grand-daughter of William Pearce, Esq., brother of Zachary, Lord Bishop of Rochester; she d. 11 Dec. 1793. 2 The Right Hon. Chaiii.es Abbot, who was Speaker of the House of Com¬ mons from 1802 to 1817, when, retiring from public business, he was called to the House of Peers, by the title of Baron Colchester, of Colchester, Co. Essex ; he d. in 1829, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Charles, present and 2nd Lord. COLVILLE, BARON. (Colville.) Peer of Scotland. This family was of great consideration in England previous to the reign of King Stephen, when Richard de Colville removed to Scotland. Robert, his lineal heir male, was Steward to Margaret, Queen of James III., from whom he obtained a charter of the lands of Hilton, Co. Clackmannan. He appears to have actively espoused the cause of James IV. against his father, for, six days after the accession of that Monarch, he had the office of Director of the Chancery conferred upon him by Royal Charter ; he afterwards received other considerable grants from the Crown, amongst which were the lands and Barony of Ochiltree. He was killed at the battle of Flodden in 1513, and was succeeded by his son Sir James Colville, of Ochiltree, which Barony he exchanged with Sir James Hamilton, for the lands of Easter-Wemyss and Loehorsehyre. He was father of Sir James, who had two sons, James and Alexander ; Sir James Colville, of Easter-Wemyss, the eldest son, ac¬ quired great reputation as a military commander under Ilenry IV. of France, and on his return was created, in 1609, Baron Colville of Culross, with remainder to his heirs male whatsoever, and his issue male failing in his grandson, James, 2nd 109 COM Lord, who d. in 1640, the title devolved on his nephew, John, of right 3rd Lord, son of his brother Alexander; but neither he nor his successors assumed the title, till it was claimed by, and allowed by the House of Lords in 1723 to, John, of right 7th Lord, 4th in descent from John, who should have been 3rd Lord. John, 7th Lord, was a Lieutenant-Colonel in the Army, and in the expedition to Carthagena, where he fell a victim to the epidemic disease so fatal to the British troops in that fruitless siege; he d. on board a transport in the harbour, in April 1741; five of his sons survived their infancy, and were all highly distinguished either in the military or naval service of their country ; all, however, d. unm., except Alexander and John, successive Lords Colville. Alexander, 8th Lord, a dis¬ tinguished Naval Officer and Vice-Admiral of the White, m. Lady Elizabeth Mac- farlane, daughter of Alexander, 6th Earl of Kellie, and widow of Walter Macfar- lane, of Macfarlane, Esq., by whom he had no issue, and dying in 1770, was succeeded by his next surviving brother, John, 9th Lord, father of John, the present and 10th Lord, who succeeded him in 1811. COMBERMERE, VISCOUNT. (Stapleton-Cotton.) Peer of the United Kingdom. This family is supposed to be of Saxon origin. Sir Hugh Cotton was seated at Combermere in the reign of King John, and was ancestor of William, living there in the reign of Henry V.; 6th in descent from him was Sir Robert Cotton, knighted at the restoration of King Charles II., and created a Baronet in 1677. He m. Hester, daughter and sole heir of Sir Thomas Salusbury, of Lewenney, Co. Denbigh, Bart. ; and his son and successor. Sir Thomas, m. Philadelphia, daughter and sole heir of Sir Thomas Lynch, of Esher, Co. Surrey. Sir Robert, their eldest son, succeeded, m. Lady Elizabeth Tollemache, eldest daughter of Lionel, 1st Earl of Dysart, but dying without issue. Sir Lynch, their 7th and last surviving son, succeeded his brother. Sir Lynch m. Elizabeth, daughter of Rowland Cotton, of Etwall, Co. Derby, Esq., and had issue, 1 Sir Robert Salusbury, his successor; 2 Rowland, m. Eliza¬ beth, daughter of Sir Willoughby Acton, Bart. ; 3 The Very Rev. George, Dean of Chester, m. Miss Tomkinson; 4 Thomas, m. Miss Attwick; 5 Henry-Calveley, m. Matilda, daughter of John Lockwood, Esq. ; 6. Elizabeth, m. Colonel D’Avenant; 7 Mary, m. the Rev. — Finch; 8 Philadelphia, m. Henry Shelley, Esq. ; 9 Hester- Salusbury, rn. Sir Corbett Corbett, of Addersley Hall, Co. Salop, Bart. Sir Robert Salusbury Cotton, Bart., the eldest son, d. in 1807 ; having m. in 1767, Frances, youngest daughter and co-heir of James-Russell Stapleton, Esq. ; of Boddryddon, Co. Denbigh; by whom, he was father, amongst a numerous issue, of Robert-Salusbury Cotton, Esq., his eldest son, who d. before him unm., in 1799, and General Sir Stapleton Cotton, who succeeded him in the Baronetcy, and was created, in 1814, Baron Combermere of Combermere, Co. Chester, and, in 1826, Viscount Combermere, of Bhurtpore, in the East Indies, and of Combermere, Co. Chester; and is the present Peer, see The Peerage Volume. His Lordship assumed, in 1827, the additional surname of Stapleton. 110 CON CONYNGHAM, MARQUIS. (Conyngham.) Peer of Ireland and of the United Kingdom. Lieutenant-General Henry Conyngham, descended from William, youngest son of William, 4th Earl of Glencairn, in Scotland, rn. Mary, daughter of Sir John Williams of Minster Court, Co. Kent, Bart., and widow of Charles, Lord Shel¬ burne, by whom he had, besides other issue, 1 William Conyngham, Esq., of Slane Castle and Mountcharles, who m. Con¬ stance, daughter and co-heir of Thomas Middleton, Esq., of Stanstead, Co. Essex, but d. without issue 26 Oct. 1738. 2 Henry, who succeeded his brother; he was created Baron Conyngham of Mountcharles 1753, Viscount Conyngham 1756, Earl Conyngham 1780, and at the same time Baron Conyngham, with remainder to his nephew, Francis-Pierrepont Burton, Esq.; he d. 3 April 1781, when all his titles became extinct, except the last- created Barony. 3 Mary, d. in 1737; having m. Francis Burton, Esq. (descended from Sir Ed¬ ward Burton, knighted by King Edward IV.,) by whom she was mother of Francis-Pieriiepont, 2nd Lord, who succeeded his uncle, and assumed the name of Conyngham; he d. 22 May 1787 ; having m. 19 March 1750, Elizabeth, eldest daughter of the Right Honourable Nathaniel Clements, and sister of Robert, 1st Earl of Leitrim, by whom, who d. 31 Oct. 1814, he was father, besides other issue, of twin sons; Henry, 3rd Lord, his successor, and the Hon. Sir Francis- Nathaniel Burton, G.C.H., Lieutenant Governor of Lower Canada, who d. 27 Jan. 1832, leaving the issue stated in The Peerage Volume. Henry, 3rd Lord, was created Viscount Conyngham, of Slane, Co. Meath, in 1789 ; Viscount Mountcharles, Co. Donegal, and Earl Conyngham, of Mountcharles, in 1797; Marquis Conyngham, Earl of Mountcharles, Co. Donegal, and Viscount Slane, Co. Meath, in 1816 ; also created, in 1821, Baron Minster, of Minster, Co. Kent, in the Peerage of Great Britain ; he d. 28 Dec. 1832, and was succeeded by his eldest surviving son, Francis-Nathaniel, present and 2nd Marquis. COR CORK AND ORRERY, EARL OF. (Boyle.) Peer of Ireland and of Great Britain. Ludovick Boyle, living in the County of Hereford, in the reign of Henry III., was ancestor, in the 10th generation, of Sir Richard Boyle, who rose to great power, wealth, and dignity, in the ser¬ vice of Queen Elizabeth, King James I., and King Charles I., in Ireland. He was b. 3 Oct. 1566; created Lord Boyle, Baron of Youghall, Co. Cork, in 1616, Viscount Dungarvan, Co. Waterford, and Earl of the County of Cork, in 1620; and lived to see his numerous issue flourishing in a state of extraordinary worldly splendour and dignity. Of his eight daughters, all seemed ladies of great piety and virtue, and ornaments to their sex, the youngest only died unmarried, the other seven all married Earls or their heirs-apparent; of his seven sons, two died young, and of the remaining five, four were raised to the honours of the Peerage. This great Earl’s latter days were, however, clouded with heavy care and loss, by the breaking out of the great rebellion in Ireland in 1641, during the course of which himself and his sons devoted their lives and fortunes to the service of their King and country. From his private resources he garrisoned and supplied with ammunition all his castles ; at his own charge held the town and harbour of Youghall with two hundred English Protestants, well armed and disciplined ; and in the great battle of Liscarrol, where the Royal troops, under the command of his eldest son Viscount Dungarvan, and the Lord Inchiquin, were completely victorious, four of his sons were engaged, all were distinguished for their valour, and one of them, Lord Kinalmeachy, lost his life. In the midst of these confusions, the Earl d. 15 Sept. 1643, at his seat at Youghall. His five sons who survived their childhood were popularly distinguished as Richard, Earl of Cork, the rich ; Lewis, Lord Kinal¬ meachy, the valiant; Roger, Earl of Orrery, the wise; Francis, Lord Shannon, the just; and Robert Boyle, the philosopher ; it is, however, necessary here to give a more particular account of them. 1 Richard, 2nd Earl, b. 26 Oct. 1612, one of the Commanders in the battle of Liscarrol; he continued faithful to the King to the close of the civil war, and was, with all his brothers, active in promoting the restoration of King Charles II.; he m. Elizabeth, sole daughter and heir of Henry Clifford, 5th Earl of Cumberland, and Baron Clifford [by writ 1628] ; she d. in 1690 ; he was created Baron Clifford of Lanesborough in 1644, and Earl of Burlington in 1663, both in the Peerage of England, and d. in 1697. Charles, Viscount Dungarvan, their eldest son, should have succeeded his mother in the Barony of Clifford, by the writ of 1628, but he had been called to the House of Peers before her death, in 1689, and placed in his father's Barony of Clifford of Lanesborough, and never claimed the Barony by writ; he d. before his father, leaving two sons, of whom Henry, the younger son, was Chan¬ cellor of the Exchequer and principal Secretary of State in the reign of Queen Anne, and President of the Council under King George I.; he was created Baron Carleton of Carleton, Co. York, in Oct. 1714, and d. unm., in 1725, bequeathing his house in Pall-Mall to Frederick Prince of Wales; his title became extinct. Charles, the elder son, succeeded his father as Baron Clifford by writ, and his grandfather as 3rd Earl of Cork and 2nd Earl of Burlington ; he d. in 1704, and was succeeded by his only son, Richard, 4th Earl, K.G., who, in 1737, claimed and was allowed the Barony of Clifford, created by writ in 1628 ; he d. in 1753, without issue male, when the English titles of Earl of Burlington, and Baron Clifford 112 COR of Lanesborough, became extinct ; the Barony of Clifford, by writ, was inherited by his only surviving daughter, Lady Charlotte, Duchess of Devonshire, whose grandson, the present Duke of Devonshire, is also Baron Clifford; but the Irish titles devolved on the heir male, John, 5th Earl of Orrery. 2 Lewis, b. 23 May 1619, created in 1628, Baron of Bandon Bridge, and Vis¬ count Boyle of Kinalmeachy, with remainder to his father and his heirs male ; he was killed in the battle of Lisearrol, 3 Sept. 1642, unm ., when his father, the 1st Earl of Cork, succeeded to his titles, which have since continued in the Earls of Cork. 3 Roger, b. 25 April 1621, created in 1628, Lord Broghill, Baron of Broghill, Co. Cork, a man of great talents, but who sullied the character of his family by the grossest abandonment of public principle and loyalty. From the breaking out of the Rebellion of the Irish Catholics, in 1641, he was remarkable for the zeal and valour with which he resisted them ; at the battle of Lisearrol he was taken prisoner, but rescued by his own men, and continued in arms till the death of King Charles I., when he retired to his seat, at Marston Bigot, in Somersetshire. Be¬ ing afterwards in London, when a correspondence between him and King Charles II. had just been detected by the heads of the government, Cromwell, in a private inter¬ view, pointed out to him the danger in which he stood, and promised him his life only on condition of his joining the Parliament to put down the Irish rebels ; this he undertook to do, and passing over to Ireland with Cromwell, continued in active service to the end of the war, and was afterwards closely connected with Cromwell till the usurper’s death. He then lent his best assistance towards the restoration of King Charles II., and sent his brother. Lord Shannon, to invite his Majesty into Ireland. An opening had, however, by this time, been made for the King’s return to England, but Lord Broghill’s services were acknowledged by his creation, in Sept. 1660, to the title of Earl of Orrery. He d. in 1679, leaving two sons, viz. : 1 Roger, 2nd Earl of Orrery, who d. in 1698, leaving also two sons ; Lionel, 3rd Earl, who d. without issue in 1703 ; and Charles, 4th Earl, who succeeded his brother. He was celebrated, before his accession to the Peerage, for his literary dispute with the learned Dr. Bentley; and after¬ wards entered on a military career, in which he rose to the rank of Lieu¬ tenant-General, served with distinction under the Duke of Marlborough in Flanders, and in particular led on his regiment with the utmost intrepi¬ dity at the battle of Malplaquet. He was created a Peer of Great Britain in 1711, by the title of Baron Boyle, of Marston, Co. Somerset. During the suspension of the Habeas Corpus Act in 1722, he was committed to the Tower on suspicion of high treason, which appearing utterly groundless on the strictest examination, he was liberated, lie d. in 1730, leaving an only son, John, 5th Earl of Orrery, who also succeeded as 5th Earl of Cork. 2 Henry, whose son Henry was created Earl of Shannon, and was ancestor of the present Earl of Shannon. 4 Francis, who was created, in Sept. 1660, Viscount Shannon, Co. Limerick, which title became extinct in 1740, by the death of his grandson, Richard, 2nd Viscount. 5 The Hon. Robert Boyle, who, though the only one of his family not raised to the dignity of the Peerage, has left behind him a reputation superior to any title of honour, for his proficiency in learning, his discoveries in chemistry and natural philosophy, and above all, for his solid virtues, unaffected piety, and Christian charity. John, 5th Earl of Cork and Orrery, great-grandson of Roger, 1st Earl of Orrery, the 1st Earl of Cork's 3rd son, succeeded as Eari. of Cork, and became the male representative of this distinguished family, on the death, in 1753, of Richard, 4th Earl of Cork, and 3rd Earl of Burlington, great-grandson of Richard, 2nd Earl of Cork, the 1st Earl’s eldest son. He was b. 2 Jan. 1707, and d. 22 Nov. 1762 ; having m. 1st, 9 May 1728, Lady Henrietta Hamilton, 3rd daughter of George, 1st Earl of Orkney, who d. 22 Aug. 1732 ; and 2ndly, 30 June 1738, Margaret, daughter and heir of John Hamilton, Esq., who d. 24 Nov. 1758. He had issue by both marriages as follows : 1 Charles, Viscount Dungarvan, b. 27 Jan. 1729, d. 16 Sept. 1759, having m. 11 May 1753, Susannah, daughter of Henry Hoare, Esq. ; she m. 2ndly, 17 Feb. 1761, Thomas, 1st Earl of Ailesbury, was mother by him of Charles, 1st Marquis of Ailesbury, and d. 4 Feb. 1783. They had issue : 1 Hon. Henry, b. 1.9 Jan. 1754 ; d. 22 Dec. 1755. 2 Hon. Ifarriet-Frances, d. 3 Sept. 1793 ; having m. 18 Oct. 1777, the Right 113 i COR Hon. John O'Neill, afterwards 1st Viscount O’Neill.—See The Peerage Volume , title O’Neill. 2 Hamilton, 6th Earl, h. 3 Feb. 1730, succeeded 22 Nov. 1762, d. 17 Jan. 1764. 3 Lady Elizabeth, h. 7 May 1731, d. 16 Jan..1800; having m. 4 March 1749, Sir Thomas Worsley, Bart., who d. 1768. 4 Edmund, 7th Earl, for whom see The Peerage Volume ; he was b. in 1742, and dying in 1798, was succeeded by his eldest son, Edmund, the present and 8th Earl. 5 Lady Lucy, b. 27 May 1744, d. 18 March 1792, having m. 10 July 1765, George, 4th Viscount Torrington, who d. 14 Dec. 1812. CORNWALLIS, EARL. (Mann.) Peer of Great Britain. Thomas Cornwallis, who d. in 1378, was father of John Cornwallis, seated at Brome, Co. Suffolk. Fourth in descent from him was Sir John Cornwallis, appointed by King Henry VIII. Steward of the Household to his son. Prince Edward. Hed. in that honourable office in 1544. His son. Sir Thomas Cornwallis, was Sheriff of the Counties of Norfolk and Suffolk, at the decease of King Edward VI., and bringing the forces of those counties to the aid of Queen Mary, was the principal means of securing the accession of that Princess to the Throne. He was also very instrumental in suppressing Sir Thomas Wyatt’s rebellion, was of the Privy Council, and Comptroller of the Household to the Queen ; but on the accession of Queen Elizabeth, was, on account of his religion, omitted on the appointment of her Coun¬ cil and Household. He d. in 1604, leaving two sons, viz.: 1 Sir William, who was knighted at Dublin in 1599, by Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex, on his expedition against the Irish rebels ; he was father of Frederick, 1st Lord Cornwallis. 2 Sir Charles Cornwallis, Ambassador from King James I. to the Court of Spain, and afterwards Treasurer of the Household to Henry, Prince of Wales. He left male descendants. Frederick, 1st Lord, was in the service of King Charles I., when Prince of Wales, and accompanied him in his journey into Spain. He was created a Baronet by that Monarch in 1627. He vehemently opposed the proceedings of the repub¬ lican party in Parliament; during the Civil War was distinguished for his bravery in most of the principal engagements of the Royal troops, and at its close, his estate being sequestrated, he followed King Charles II. in his exile, and afterwards in his triumphant entry into London. In 1661, three days before that Monarch’s coro¬ nation, he was created Baron Cornwallis of Eye, Co. Suffolk ; and dying in 1662, was succeeded by his eldest son, Charles, 2nd Lord, to whom, in 1673, succeeded his son, Charles, 3rd Lord. His Lordship took to his second wife, the Lady Anne Scott, Duchess of Monmouth and Buccleuch, widow of James, Duke of Monmouth. His children by her bore the name of Scott, but all d. young or unm. By his 1st wife he was father of Charles, 4tli Lord, who d. in 1722, leaving a numerous issue, both male and female ; of niyie sons, five d. unm., the other four were, 1 Charles, (eldest son,) 5th Lord, and 1st Earl Cornwallis. 114 COT 2 John, (4th son,) Equerry to Frederick, Prince of Wales; he d. in 1708, leaving by his wife, Sarah, daughter of the Rev. Hugh Dale, only one surviving daughter, Sarah, wife of the Rev. Walter Earle. 3 Edward, (6th son,) a Lieut.-General in the army, and Governor of Gibraltar ; he m. Mary, daughter of Charles, 2nd Viscount Townshend, but d. without issue in 1776. 4 Frederick ; (7th son, twin with Edward;) he was Bishop of Lichfield and Co¬ ventry, and was elected, in 1768, Archbishop of Canterbury. He m. Caroline, daughter of William Townshend, Esq., 3rd son of Charles, 2nd Viscount Townshend, and d. without issue in 1783. Charles, 5th Lord, was created, in 1 753, Viscount Brome, Co. Suffolk, and Eari. Cornwallis ; he d. in 1762, leaving three surviving sons, viz. 1 Charles, 2nd Earl, K.G., b. 11 Jan. 1739, created Marquis Cornwallis in 1792. Eminently distinguished as a soldier and a statesman, his Lordship was actively employed in the service of his country nearly throughout the eventful reign of George III. In the American war he held an important command which, after many brilliant successes, terminated in the defeat and capture of himself and the troops entrusted to his guidance. This reverse, however, was amply compensated by the laurels he reaped in the East, as Governor-general and Commander-in chief in India ; where, by his integrity, disinterestedness, and strict regard for pub¬ lic faitb, as much as by his victories, he raised the reputation of the British name ; and greatly ameliorated the condition of our Eastern empire by his judicious and efficient measures of improvement. In 1792 he returned to Europe, and was ap¬ pointed Lord Lieutenant of Ireland in 1798, when the rebellion of that unhappy country demanded in its Governor military as well as political abilities. There also his administration was successful. He accepted a second time the high office of Governor-general of India, and died soon after his arrival there, universally re¬ spected and regretted, on the 5th of Oct. 1805. Hem. 14 July 1768, Jemima- Tullikens, daughter of James Jones, Esq., by whom, who d. 14 Feb. 1779, he had an only son and daughter, for whom see The Peerage Volume. He was succeeded by his son Charles, 3rd Earl, and 2nd Marquis, on whose death, without issue male, in 1823, the Marquisate became extinct. 2 James, Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry, b. 25 Sept. 1743, succeeded as 4th Earl, 16 Aug. 1823, d. 20 Jan. 1824 ; having m. 30 April 1771, Catherine, 3rd daughter of Galfridus Mann, Esq., by whom, who d. 17 Sept. 1811, he was father of the present and 5th Earl, who assumed the surname of Mann only, by Royal sign- manual in 1814. 3 Admiral Sir William Cornwallis, G.C.B., Vice-Admiral of the United King¬ dom, who greatly distinguished himself in many naval engagements. He was b. 20 Feb. 1744, and d. unm. 5 July 1819. COTTENIIAM, BARON. (Pepys.) Peer of the United Kingdom. The family of Pepys appears to have been settled at Cottenham and Impington in Cambridgeshire, at a period more remote than any to which it can be authentically traced. Its earliest ancestor on record is William Pepys of Cottenham, who bv Alice, his wife, was father of 115 i 2 cou John Pepys. He m. Edith, daughter and heir of Sir Edmund Talbot, son of Sir Gilbert Talbot, of the Isle of Ely, (a descendant from the family of the Talbots of Wiltshire,) and by her had six sons and three daughters ; four of the sons d. without issue ; the eldest and youngest were John, ancestor of the present Peer, and Talbot Pepys, Esq. of Impington, who d. in 1664, aged about eighty-four, and leav¬ ing issue by Beatrix, daughter of John Castle of Ravenham, in Norfolk, three sons and one daughter. Their three daughters were, 1 Paulina, wife of Sir Sidney Montagu, Knt., and mother of the 1st Earl of Sandwich ; 2 The wife of Sir Gilbert Pickering of Tichmarsh, Co. Notts. ; 3 Faith, wife of Robert Beate, Esq., of Whit- tlesea in the Isle of Ely. John Pepys, of Cottenham, the eldest son of the above John and Edith Pepys, m. Elizabeth, daughter of John Bendish, Esq., of Steeple Bumpstead, Essex, by whom he had four sons; John, who left no issue ; Richard, Thomas, and Samuel: the latter resided at Steeple Bumpstead, and d. in 1665, aged about sixty-six; he had five sons, of whom the four younger d. without issue, and John the eldest, d. before him, leaving a son John, who was b. in 1657. Richard Pepys, the 2nd son, and eventual heir of John Pepys of Cottenham, was Lord Chief Justice of Ireland in 1664. He left four sons, Richard, George, John, and Samuel. It is probable, though not certain, that this is the Samuel Pepys, who, as Secretary to the Admiralty, in the reigns of Charles II., and James II., introduced into the affairs of the navy, that order and economy which drew forth such honourable testimony to his character from Mr. Hume and other historians. The Secretary was b. in 1632 ; he attended his relation the Earl of Sandwich to bring over the King at the Restoration ; in 1684 he was chosen President of the Royal Society; in 1690 he published his Memoirs of the Navy, which have ever since been held in the highest estimation ; and he d. in 1703, leaving a curious and valuable library, which is preserved in Magdalen College, Cambridge, under the name of the Pepysian Library. Richard Pepys, Esq., the eldest son of the Lord Chief Justice, was father of John, whose son, William Pepys, Esq., a banker of London, d. in 1741, having m. Hannah, daughter of Dr. Richard Russell, and widow of Alexander Weller, Esq., by whom, who d. in 1762, he had two sons ; 1 Sir William-Weller Pepys, created a Baronet in 1801, for whom and his issue, see The Peerage Volume. His 2nd son, Charles-Christoi>her, was bred to the bar, and on being appointed Lord High Chancellor in 1836, was created Baron Cotten¬ ham of Cottenham, Co. Cambridge, and is the present Peer. 2 Sir Lucas Pepys, a celebrated physician, also created a Baronet in 1784 ; he d. 17 June 1830, having m. Jane-Elizabeth, Countess of Rothes, by whom he left issue, see article Rothes, in The Peerage Volume. COURTOWN, EARL OF. (Stopford.) Peer of Ireland and of Great Britain. This family is said to derive its descent from Nicholas de Stockport, one of the eight Barons of the County Palatine of Chester, created by Hugh Lupus, Earl of Chester, in the reign of William the Conqueror. It is probable the family had been settled in that county before the Conquest; and certainly the estate of Salters- ford, near Macclesfield, to this day in the possession of the Earl of Courtown, has 116 C O V belonged to his ancestors from time immemorial. The first of the family who settled in Ireland was James Stopford, Esq., an officer of rank in Cromwell’s army, who acquired considerable estates in the city of Dublin, and the counties Meath, Westmeath, Wexford, Carlow, Kilkenny, and Kerry, and became seated at Tarah Hill, Co. Meath. Fourth in descent from him was James Stopford, created, in 175(1, Baron of Courtown, Co. Wexford; and, in 1702, Viscount Stopford and Earl of Courtown. He m. 24 Feb. 1726, Elizabeth, only daughter of Dr. Edward Smyth, Lord Bishop of Down and Connor, and heiress of her brother, Edward Smyth, Esq., and d. 12 Jan. 1770, leaving, besides other issue, the three sons following: 1 James, 2nd Earl, his successor, created to the British Peerage in 1790, by the title of Baron Saltersford of Saltersford, Co. Palatine of Chester ; he was b. 28 May 1731, and d. 30 March 1810, having m. 16 April 1702, Mary, daughter and co-heir of Richard Powys, Esq., by whom, who d. 3 Jan. 1810, he had, besides his eldest son and successor James-George, 3rd Earl, the other issue stated in The Peerage Volume. The 3rd Earl d. in 1835, and was succeeded by his eldest son, James-Tho- mas, the present and 4th Earl. 2 The Hon. Lieut.-general Edward Stopford, b. in 1732, m. 1 Oct. 1783, Letitia, daughter of William Blacker, Esq., who survived him ; he d. 22 Oct. 1794 ; leaving the issue described in The Peerage Volume. 3 The Hon. and Right-Ilev. Thomas, Lord Bishop of Cork and Ross ; he 1, he was created Baron Grantham of Grantham, Co. Lincoln, and d. in 1770, when he was succeeded by his eldest son, Thomas, 2nd Lord. He m. the above-mentioned Lady Mary- Jemima Yorke, sister of Amabel, Countess De Grey, by whom he left two sons, Thomas-Philip, his successor, 3rd Lord, who having previously changed his family name of Robinson for that of Weddell, assumed the surname of De Grey only, on succeeding to the Earldom, and is the present and 2nd Eari, De Grey ; and Fre¬ derick-John, created, in 1827, Viscount Goderich ; a third son, Philip, d. in infancy. DELAMERE, BARON. (Cholmondeley.) Peer of the United Kingdom. His Lordship represents a younger branch of the Marquis Cholmondeley’s family. Thirteenth in descent from Richard de Belward, the patriarch of this family, was Hugh Cholmondeley, Esq., who m. Mary, only daughter and heir of Christopher Holford, Esq., of Holford, and had issue Hugh, ancestor of the Marquis Chol¬ mondeley, and Thomas, his 3rd son, who possessed, by gift of his mother, the estate of Vale Royal, in the Co. of Chester. He m. Elizabeth, daughter and heiress of John Minshull, of Minshull, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Thomas Chol¬ mondeley, Esq., of Vale Royal, M.P. for the Co. of Chester, in the reign of King Charles II. He m. 1st, Jane, daughter of Sir Lionel Talmash, Bart., and had by her a son, Robert; 2ndly, Anne, daughter of Sir Walter St. John, by whom he had Charles and other issue. He was succeeded by his eldest son, Robert, who m. Elizabeth, sister of Sir Thomas Vernon, Bart., by whom he had an only daughter, Elizabeth, the wife of John Atherton, Esq. ; but dying without male issue, he was succeeded by his half-brother, Charles Cholmondeley, Esq. He m. Essex, eldest daughter of Thomas Pitt, Esq., of Blandford, Co. Dorset, aunt of the 1st Earl of Chatham, and dying in 1756, was succeeded by his only son, Thomas Cholmondeley, Esq., of Vale Royal, Cheshire, who d. 2 June 1779 ; having m. Dorothy, 2nd daughter and co-heir of Edmund Cowper, Esq., of Over- leigh, Cheshire, by whom, who d. 35 May 1786, he had two sons and three daugh¬ ters. Thomas, the eldest son, the present Peer, was created, in 1821, Baron De- lamere, of Vale Royal, Co. Chester. 131 DEL DELAWARR, EARL. (West.) Peer of Great Britain. From the writ of summons to Parliament to Thomas, 1st Baron West, in 134'2, the Barony has continued in his heirs in the direct male line through seventeen generations. The 1st Lord d. in 1343, and was succeeded hy his son, Thomas, 2nd Lord, who d. in 1386. Thomas, his son, 3rd Lord West, d. in 140,5; having m. Joan, daughter of Roger, 3rd Baron Delawarr, (who was grandson and heir of Roger, the 2nd Lord Delawarr, son and heir of Roger, 1st Lord Delawarr, summoned to Parliament by writ in 1299,) and sister and heir of John, 4th Lord, and Thomas, ,5th and last Lord, of the male line of La Warr ; the latter d. in 1426. Thomas, 3rd Lord West, and Joan Delawarr, his wife, had two sons, 1 Thomas, who succeeded as 4th Lord West, and d. without issue ; and 2 Reginald, ,5th Lord West, who succeeded his brother in 141.5, and his uncle, in 1426, as 6tli Baron Delawarr; he d. in 1451, and was successively followed by his son, grandson, and great-grandson, Richard, 7th Lord, who d. in 1476 ; Thomas, 8th Lord, K.G. ; and Thomas, 9th Lord Delawarr, and 8th Lord West; and these two Baronies have ever since continued united in the male descendants of Thomas, 3rd Lord West, and Joan Delawarr; although, on the death of Thomas, 9th Lord, K.G., without issue, in 1554, there were two daughters living of Sir Owen West, his next brother, who, according to the present rules of succession to baronies by writ, would have been preferred to William, 10th Lord, son of Sir George West, younger brother of Owen West. Mary, the eldest daughter, and at length sole heir of the said Owen AVest, m. 1st, Sir Adrian Poynings, and 2ndly, Sir Richard Rogers ; she left three daughters, whose descendants still exist. Thomas, 8th Lord Delawarr, and 7th Lord West, K.G., d. in 1525, leaving the five sons following, viz.: 1 Thomas, 9th Lord, K.G., above mentioned, who d. without issue in 1554. 2 William, who d. before his brother without issue. 3 Sir Owen, who d. in 1551, leaving, as above mentioned, two daughters, Mary and Anne ; the latter d. unm., and Mary, the elder daughter, became his sole heir, but did not succeed to the Baronies. 4 Sir George, who d. in 1538, leaving two sons: 1 William, 10th Lord, who succeeded his uncle to the exclusion of the daughters of Sir Owen, the elder brother; 2 Sir Thomas West, who d. in 1622, leaving an only daughter and heir. 5 Leonard West, ancestor in the 7th degree of James Roberts-West, Esq., of Alscot House, Co. Warwick; for whom see The Peerage Volume. William, 10th Lord, having attempted to poison his uncle, the 9th Lord, was disabled by Act of Parliament from succeeding him in title and estate, but was sul>- sequently, in 1579, created Baron Delawarr by patent, and took his seat in the House of Peers as junior Baron; he was restored in blood ; and d. in 1595, when he was succeeded by his son, Thomas, 11th Lord, who claimed and was allowed the ancient Baronies of Delawarr and AVest, and took his seat accordingly. He d. in 1602, and was followed in uninterrupted lineal succession, by Thomas, 11th Lord, who d. in 1618: Henry, 12th Lord, d. 1628: Charles, 13th Lord, d. 1687 : John, 14th Lord, d. 1723: and John, 15th Lord : this last was created, in 132 DEL ] 7G1, Viscount Cantalupe and Earl Dklawarr ; he d. in 1776, and was succeeded by his son, John, 2nd Earl, who d. 22 Nov. 1777, having m. 8 Aug. 1756, Mary, daughter of Lieut.-Gen. John Wynyard, by whom, who d. 27 Oct. 1784, he left, besides the issue given in The Peerage Volume , 1 William-Augustus, his suc¬ cessor, 3rd Earl, who d. unm. in 1783; 2 John-Richard, 4th Earl, who suc¬ ceeded his brother, and d. in 1795 ; he was father of George-John, the present and 5th Earl. DE L’ISLE AND DUDLEY, BARON. (Sidnev.) Peer of the United Kingdom. According to tradition the ancestor of his Lordship’s paternal family of Shelley came into England with William the Conqueror, but the first of the name from whom the pedigree is regularly deduced is John Shelley, whose eldest son John was father of three sons, Sir John, Sir Thomas, and Sir William. To Sir John, the eldest son, was granted, in consequence of his services on the coast of France, three whelk- shells, with which the family coat-armour is charged ; this Sir John and his brother Sir Thomas were both attainted in consequence of an attempt to replace King Richard II. upon the throne after his deposition, and lost large estates. Sir William, the 3rd son, was great-grandfather of John Shelley, who m. Eliza¬ beth, daughter and heiress of John Michelgrove, Esq., of Michelgrove, in Sussex, by whom he had four sons, viz. 1 Sir William Shelley, one of the Justices of the Court of Common Pleas, whose great-grandson John Shelley, Esq., was created a Baronet in 1611, and from him is lineally descended Sir John Shelley, of Maresfield Park, the present Baronet. 2 Edward Shelley, Esq., of Worminghurst, Co. Sussex, ancestor in the seventh degree, of Sir Bysshe Shelley, of Castle Goring, Co. Sussex, who was created a Baronet in 1806, and was grandfather of the present Lord. 3 Richard, ancestor of the Shelleys of Patcham. 4 Sir John, who was killed at the taking of Rhodes. Sir Bysshe Shelley, Bart., was h. 21 June 1731, m. 1st, in 1752, Mary-Catlierine, only daughter and heir of the Rev. Theobald Mitchell, of Horsham, Co. Sussex ; and 2ndly, in 1769, Elizabeth, only daughter and heir of William Perry, Esq., of Pen- shurst Place, Kent, by Elizabeth, daughter and co-heir of Colonel Thomas Sidney, younger son of Robert, 4th Earl, and brother of the 5 th, 6th, and 7 th Earls of Leicester of that family. Sir Bysshe Shelley had issue, By 1st marriage, 1 Sir Timothy Shelley, his successor, the present Baronet, of Castle Goring. 2 Helen, m. to Robert Parker, Esq., of Maidstone. 3 Mary-Catherine, d. unm., in July 1784. By 2nd marriage, 4 Ariana, m. to Francis Aikin, Esq. 5 Sir John Shelley-Sidney, Bart., father of Lord de Lisle and Dudley. 6 Percy-John-Borlace, d. young. 7 Elizabeth-Jane-Caroline, m. the Rev. Joseph Harris, of Turville, Co. Bucks. 8 Philip, who assumed the name and arms of Sidney only, and d. in Aug. 1799, unm . 9 Robert, h. 1779. 133 DEN 10 Algemon-Bysshe, b. ami d. in 1781. Sir John Shelley Sidney, the eldest son by 2nd marriage, is in right of his mother one of the co-heirs of the Barony of L’Isle, created by writ to Gerard de L’Isle in 1357. His son and heir, Warine, 2nd Lord, left at his death, in 1381, an only daugh¬ ter and heir, Margaret, who by her marriage with Thomas, 12th Baron Berkeley, had a daugh¬ ter and heir, Elizabeth, who m. Richard Beauchamp, Earl of Warwick, by whom she had three daughters, her co-heirs, amongst whom this Barony fell into abeyance. Margaret, the eldest of these daughters, m. John Talbot, 1st Earl of Shrewsbury, and her son and heir, John Talbot, was created, by patent, Baron and Viscount L’lsle; the latter title became extinct on the death of Thomas, his son and heir. His daughter Elizabeth, finally became the sole heir of her brother; the 2nd Vis¬ count ; she m. Edward Grey, (2nd son of Edward, Lord Grey, of Groby,) who in her right was created Viscount L’lsle, which title also became extinct on the death of John, their son and heir, in 1512. Elizabeth Grey, daughter of the 1st, and at length sole heir of her brother, the 2nd Viscount L’lsle, m. John Dudley, created in her right Viscount L’lsle; he was afterwards Earl of Warwick and Duke of Northumberland ; but he was attainted and beheaded in 1553, when all his honours were forfeited. He left two sons, Ambrose, created Baron L'lsle and Earl of Warwick, which titles became extinct on his death without issue in 1589 ; and Robert, Earl of Leicester, who also d. without issue in 1588 ; and a daughter, Elizabeth, ultimately the sole heir of her father and brothers ; she m. Sir Henry Sidney, K.G., and by him was mother of Robert Sidney, created Baron Sidney of Penshurst, Viscount Lisle and Earl of Leicester; he was succeeded in 1626, by his son Robert, 2nd Earl, who d. in 1677, and was succeeded by his son Philip, 3rd Earl, who was followed, in 1698, by his son Robert, 4th Earl, the father of Philip, John, and Josceline, successive Earls, the last of whom d. without issue in 1743, when his titles became extinct; and of Colonel Thomas Sidney, whose daughters and co-heirs ultimately became the representatives of Margaret, Countess of Shrewsbury, ori¬ ginally one of the three co-heirs of the ancient Barony of L'lsle. We have seen that Sir Bysshe Shelley, Bart., m. a granddaughter of Col. Sidney, and his son, Sir John Shelley, Bart., has assumed the additional name and arms of Sidney : his marriage and issue are described in The Peerage Volume. His only son, Philip-Charles, was created, in 1835, Baron de L’Isle and Dudley, of Penshurst, Co. Kent, and is the present Peer. DENBIGH, EARL OF. (Feilding.) Peer of England and of Ireland. His Lordship derives his origin from the ancient Counts of Hapsburgh, in Ger¬ many, from whom the Emperors of Germany of the house of Austria Ilapsburg, were also descended. Sir Geoffrey, a younger son of Geoffrey, Count of Hapsburg, served under King Henry III., and, settling in England, assumed the surname of Feilding. Fourth in descent from him was Sir William Feilding, of Lutterworth. Co. Leicester, who lost his life fighting on behalf of King Henry VI., at the battle of Tewkesbury, in 1471, having m. Agnes, daughter and heir of John St-. Liz. a 134 DEN branch from the noble family of St. Liz, formerly Earls of Northampton and Hun¬ tingdon. Sixth in descent from them was Sir William Feilding, created, in 1G20, Baron Feilding of Newnham Paddox, Co. Warwick, and Viscount Feilding ; and in 1622, Earl of the county of Denbigh. He adhered stedfastly to King Charles I. in his civil wars, and proved himself a stout and valiant soldier in numerous engagements, till being mortally wounded in a sharp skirmish with the enemy, near Birmingham, in April 1643, he d. within a few days. He m. Mary, daughter of Sir George Villiers, and sister of the celebrated George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham of that name, by whom he left two sons: 1 Basil, 2nd Earl, who, unswayed by the loyal principles of his father, con¬ nected himself with the leaders of the great rebellion, and held a considerable command in the Parliamentary army; he gave up his commission, however, in 1645, and from that time remained in retirement till the period of the Restoration ; in which, weary of fluctuations and democratic rule, he heartily concurred. He was created, in 1664, in respect of his descent from the ancient and noble family of that name, Baron St. Liz, with remainder, failing his issue male, to the heirs male of his father. He d. in 1675, without issue. 2 George, created Baron Feilding, of Lecaghe, and Viscount Callao, in Ireland, in 1619; and in 1682, Earl of Desmond, in Ireland, in reversion after the death of Sir Richard Preston, then Earl of Desmond. He rf. in 1655, leaving five sons, none of whom had issue male, except AVilliam, the eldest son, ancestor of the present Earl ; and the Hon. and Rev. John Feilding, D.D., from whom male descendants still exist. Of this branch was the celebrated author, Henry Feild¬ ing, Esq. The Earl was succeeded by his eldest son and heir, William, 2nd Earl of Desmond, who also succeeded to all the honours of his uncle, Basil, 2nd Earl of Denbigh. He d. in 1685, and was succeeded by his son Basil, 4th Earl of Den¬ bigh and 3rd Earl of Desmond, who d. in 1717, leaving issue, besides his eldest son, William, 5th Earl, a 2nd son, Charles, who d. in 1746, leaving two sons; William, a Colonel in the army, who d. unm ., and Charles, a Captain in the R. N., who d. 11 Jan. 1783, having m. 29 Feb. 1772, Sophia, 3rd daughter of the Hon. William Finch, and sister of George, 9th Earl of Winchilsea ; by whom, who d. in 1815, he left issue, Captain Charles Feilding, R.N., for whom see The Peerage Volume. William, 5th Earl, who succeeded his father, and d. in 1755, was father of Basil, 6th Earl, his successor. He rf. in 1800, and having survived his only son, William-Robert, Viscount Feilding, who d. in 1799, leaving several children, (see The Peerage Volume ,) was succeeded by his eldest grandson, William-Basil- Percy, the present and 7th Earl of Denbigh, and 6th Earl of Desmond, in Ireland. DENMAN, BARON. (Denman.) Peer of the United Kingdom. A tedigree of the family of Denman, one branch of which, connected with high families, terminated in females about the middle of the 17th century, is to be found in Thoroton's History of Nottinghamshire. 135 D E 11 Lord Denman’s grandfather, John Denman, came from the neighbourhood of Retford, in that county, and settled as an apothecary at Bakewell, in Derbyshire, lie left two sons; 1 Joseph, who practised as a physician at Boston, was many years Justice of the Peace for the County of Derby, and d. 21 July 1812, in his 83rd year, leaving a widow and son ; and 2 Dr. Thomas Denman, the well-known London physician, for whose marriage and issue see The Peerage Volume. Thomas, his only son, the present Lord, was bred to the bar, and having been appointed Lord Chief Justice of England, in 1832, was raised to the Peerage 21 March 183-1, by the title of Baron Denman, of Dovedale, Co. Derby. DERBY, EARL OF. (Smith-Stanley.) Peer of England. The original surname of this noble family was Aldelegh, or Audlev. Adam or Alai; de Audlev, who flourished in the reign of King Henrv I., was father of 1 Lvdulph, ancestor of Nicholas de Audlev, summoned to Parliament in 1297. 2 Adam, whose son William took the name of Stanley from his seat Stanley, in Derbyshire ; 4th in descent from him was Sir William de Stanley, who became possessed, in right of his wife, of the Bailiwick of Wyrall Forest. His grandson, Sir William Stanley, was father of Sir William, his eldest son, ancestor in direct lineal descent of the present Sir Thomas Stanley, Bart., of Hooton, Co. Chester; and of Sir John Stanley, his 2nd son, K.G., who, in memory of his marriage with the heiress of Lathom, assumed the present family crest of an eagle prey¬ ing upon an infant in its cradle. He was Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, and was much in favour with King Henry IV., whom he had assisted in acquiring the Crown, and from whom he obtained, on the forfeiture of Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland, a grant of the Isle of Man in fee. He d. in 1414. His eldest son. Sir John Stanley, was father of Thomas, 1st Lord Stanley, K.G., summoned to Parliament by writ in 1456. From John, his younger son, is descended Sir John-Thomas Stanley, of Alderlev Park, Co. Chester, Bart. Thomas, his eldest son and heir, 2nd Lord. K.G.. m. 1st., Eleanor, daughter of Richard Neville, Earl of Salisbury, and sister to the famous Richard Neville, Earl of Somerset, (See the Royal Genealogy.) widow of Edmund Tudor. Earl of Rich¬ mond, and mother of King Henry VII., on whose head the Lord Stanley had himself the gratification of placing the royal crown found ou the field of Bosworth, after the great battle in which King Richard lost his life, 22 Aug. 1485. His Lordship was, in the October of the same year, created Earl of Derby, which Earldom had merged in the Crown on the accession of Henry IV., having been a part of the inheritance of the Royal house of Lancaster. The Earl was likewise made Lord High Constable of England for life. He d. in 1504. He had several sons, of whom two only left issue : 1 George. Lord Stanley and Strange, who d. before him. 2 Sir Edward Stanley, who commanded the rear of the English army at Flodden. 9 Sept. 1513, and by the force of his archers first compelled the Scots to open their ranks, thus leading to the memorable victorv of that bloodv field, in which King 136 DEI! James IV. and 30 large a portion of his nobility lost their lives. For his important service on this occasion he was summoned to Parliament as Lord Monteagle. His male line failed in 1581, by the death of his grandson, William, 3rd Lord, whose only daughter and heir carried the Barony into the family of Parker, Baron Morley, and it is now in abeyance between the representatives of her two grand¬ daughters. George, Lord Stanley, K.G., eldest son of the 1st Earl, m. Johanna, daughter and sole heir of John, 8th Lord Strange of Knoekyn, [by writ 1299,] co-heir of the Barony of Mohun; [by writ 1299 ;] he was summoned to Parliament, in her right, by writ, in 1482, as Baron Strange of Knoekyn, and d. in his father’s life-time, in 1497, leaving issue: 1 Thomas, 2nd Earl, whose male line failed in 1736 ; 2 Sir James, ancestor of the present Earl. Thomas, his son and heir, 2nd Earl of Derby, succeeded to the Earldom and Baronies, and d. in 1521 ; he was succeeded by his son Edward, 3rd Earl, K.G., so celebrated for his magnificence and liberality, that Camden says that “ with Ed¬ ward Earl of Derby’s death, the glory of hospitality seemed to fall asleep he is also reported by Hollingslied and Stow to have fed, twice a-day, three score and odd poor persons, and all comers thrice a-week, on appointed days ; besides giving, on every Good Friday, to two thousand seven hundred persons, meat, drink, and money. He d. in 1574, and his funeral was as splendid as his manner of living. He was succeeded by his son and heir Henry, 4th Earl, K.G., who d. in 1592, leaving two sons, Ferdinando, 5th Earl, his successor, and William, 6th Earl. The 5th Earl d. without issue male in 1594, when the Baronies of Strange of Knoekyn, and Stanley, and his moiety of the Barony of Mohun, fell into abeyance between his three daughters and co-heirs. He was succeeded in the Earldom by William, 6th Earl, his brother and heir male, whose son and heir James, 7th Earl, K.G., was summoned to Parliament by writ, 1628, in his father’s lifetime, as Baron Strange, on the presumption that such Barony still accompanied the Earldom, which not being the fact, this writ created a new Barony in fee ; his Lordship succeeded his father as 7th Earl in 1642. He gave numerous proofs of his valour and loyalty throughout the civil war, especially at the memorable fight in Wigan-lane, 26 Aug. 1651, from which, notwithstanding the immense disproportion between his small band of resolute followers and the enemy to whom he was opposed, and notwithstanding several wounds he himself received in the encounter, he made his way, with the residue of his men, to join King Charles II., in time to take part, on Sept. 3, in the battle of Worcester; here he was taken prisoner, and, notwithstanding quarter for his life had been given him, was beheaded at Bolton, Oct. 15 following. While the Earl was thus unfortu¬ nate in his loyal efforts, his illustrious wife, Charlotte de la Tremouille, daughter of Claude, Due de Thouars, Peer of France, by Charlotte, daughter of William I., Prince of Orange, by Charlotte, daughter of Louis, Due de Montpensier, of the Royal House of Bourbon, already distinguished for her gallant defence of Latliom House against the Parliamentary forces, in 1644, was holding the Isle of Man with a courage and fidelity worthy of a happier result; and when at length the total destruction of the Royal army at Worcester, and the execution of her gallant Lord, left her without hope of assistance, she yielded with reluctance to the necessity of a surrender, and retained, says Hume, “ the glory of being the last person in the three kingdoms, and in all their dependent dominions, who sub¬ mitted to the victorious rebels.” Charles, 8th Earl, their son and heir, d. in 1672,'leaving two sons; 1 William-George-Richard, 9th Earl, his suc¬ cessor, who d. without issue male, in 1702, when the Barony of Strange, by writ of 1628, fell into abeyance between his two daughters and co-heirs, Henrietta and Elizabeth ; the latter d. until, in 1714, when the Barony devolved on her sister, who d. in 1718, leaving by John, Lord Ashburnham, an only daughter and heir, Anne, who d. unm. in 1732 ; 2 James, 10th Earl, who succeeded his brother in the Earldom, and his niece, Anne Ashburnham, in the Barony of Strange. On his death in 1736, without issue, the male descendants of Thomas, 2nd Earl, eldest son of George, Lord Stanley and Strange, son of the 1st Earl, became extinct, and the Barony of Strange, with the sovereignty of the Isle of Man, devolved on the heir- general, James Murray, 2nd Duke of Atholl, grandson and heir of John, 1st Marquis of Atholl, by the Lady Amelia-Sophia, 3rd daughter, and now, by the extinction of descendants from all his other children, sole heir of the body of James, 7th Earl of Derby. The Earldom was inherited by the heir male. Sir Edward Stanley, Bart., of Bickerstaff, 6th in descent from Sir James, youngest son of George, Lord Stanley and Strange. This Sir James Stanlev left two sons. 1 Sir George, whose two sons 137 DER Edward and Henry, botli died without issue, and 2 Henry Stanley, Esq., who m. Margaret, only daughter and heir of Peter Stanley, Esq., of Bickerstaff, Co. Lan¬ caster, by whom he was father of Sir Edward, created a Baronet in 1627 ; which Sir Edward had several sons, of whom Sir Thomas, the eldest son, was ancestor of the present Earl; and Henry, the 2nd son, was great-grandfather of Charles Stan¬ ley, who left several daughters, some of whom are still living, and one son, the Rev. James Stanley, whose issue (see The Peerage Volume ) form the second col¬ lateral branch of this noble family. Sir Thomas, the 2nd Baronet, eldest son of Sir Edward, had two sons : 1 Sir Edward, his successor, father of Sir Thomas, whose son. Sir Edward, Sth Baronet, became the 11th Earl of Derby ; 2 Peter, great-grandfather of James Stanley, Esq. who was father of Edward Stanley, Esq., of Cross-hall, Co. Lancaster, head of the first collateral branch of the family. See The Peerage Volume. Edward, the 11th Earl of Derby, who succeeded, in 1736, on the extinction of the male line of the elder branch, had three sons ; the two younger he lost in their infancy, and the elder, James, improperly styled Lord Strange, d. before him in 1771 ; having m. Lucy, 2nd daughter and co-heir of Hugh Smith, Esq., of Weald Hall, Essex, and, in consequence, assumed the additional name of Smith. The Earl d. 24 Feb. 1776, and was succeeded by his grandson, Edward, 12th Earl, who also, in respect of his mother’s inheritance, bore the name of Smith, as does his eldest son, Edward, present and 13th Earl, who succeeded him in 1834. DE ROOS, BARON. (Fitzgerai,d-de-Roos.) Peer of England. The present Lord is the eldest son of Lord Henry Fitzgerald, (3rd son of James, 1st Duke of Leinster,) by Charlotte, late Baroness de Roos, the only daughter and heir of the Hon. Captain Robert Boyle, R.N., [6th son of Henry, 1st Earl of Shannon,] who assumed the name of Walsingham, and d. in Oct. 1779; by his marriage, 17 July 1759, with Charlotte, who d. 1790, 2nd daughter and co-heir [with her elder sister Frances, wife of William-Anne Holies, 4th Earl of Essex, and mother of the 5th Earl of Essex] of Sir Charles-Hanbury Williams, K.B., by Lady Frances Coningsby, daughter, and at length sole heir of Thomas, Earl of Coningsby, by Lady Frances Jones, daughter, and at length sole heir of Richard, Earl of Rane- lagh, by The Hon. Elizabeth Willoughby, daughter, and at length sole heir of Francis, Lord Willoughby of Parham, son and heir of William, Lord Willoughby of Parham, by Lady Frances Manners,-2nd daughter, and at length co-heir [with her elder sister. Lady Bridget, wife of Robert Tyrwliitt, of Ivettleby, Esq.] of John, 4th Earl of Rutland, 2nd son, and at length heir of Henry, 2nd Earl of Rutland, and 14th Baron Roos, great-grandson of Sir Robert Manners, by Eleanor, daughter, and at length heir of Thomas, 10th Baron Roos. This Barony was created by writ of summons, in 1264, to Robert, Lord De Roos, whose five preceding ancestors had been Barons, by tenure of their Barony of Roos, in Holdemess, from the reign of Henry I. He m. Isabel, daughter and heir of William de Albini, Lord of Bel voir Castle, and d. in 1285. He was followed by his son and grandson, the 2nd and 3rd Lords, each named William ; the latter d. in 138 DER 1343, leaving two sons, successive Barons de Roos, William, 4th Lord, who d. in 1352, and Thomas, 5th Lord, who succeeded his brother ; he d. in 1384, and was also successively followed by his two sons, John, 6th Lord, who d. in 1393, and Wil¬ liam, 7th Lord, who d. in 1414, leaving also two sons, John, 8th Lord, who d. under age in 1421, and Thomas, 9th Lord, who d. in 1431. Thomas, 10th Lord, his son, succeeded; he was attainted in 1461, and his son Edmund, lltli Lord, though he obtained, in 1485, a reversal of the attainder, was never summoned to Parliament; he d. without issue in 1508, when the Barony fell into abeyance between his three sisters, but devolved, on the death of the two younger without issue, on George Manners, 12th Lord, son and heir of Sir Robert Manners, by Eleanor de Roos, the elder sister; he d. in 1513. Thomas, his son and heir, 13th Lord, K.G., was created Earl of Rutland, and dying in 1543, left two sons, Henry, 2nd Earl, and Sir John Manners, whose grandson John, became 8th Earl of Rutland. Henry, 2nd Earl of Rutland, and 14th Lord, K.G., the eldest son, d. in 1563, leaving also two sons : 1 Edward, 3rd Earl and 15th Lord, K.G., who dying in 1587, left an only daughter and heir, his successor in this Barony, Elizabeth, wife of William Cecil, Lord Burghley, eldest son of the 1st Eari, of Exeter, and afterwards himself 2nd Earl of Exeter; their only son, William Cecil, succeeded his mother in 1591, as 17th Lord, and obtained a confirmation of the Barony in 1616, but d. without issue before his father and grandfather, in 1618, when the Barony returned to the House of Rutland. 2 John, 4th Earl, who as heir male, succeeded his brother in the Earldom ; he d. in 1588, leaving the following issue : 1 Roger, 5th Earl of Rutland ; d. without issue in 1612. 2 Francis, who succeeded his brother as 6th Earl of Rutland, and his cousin, William Cecil, as 18th Baron Roos, K.G. ; he d. without male issue in 1632, when the Barony devolved on his only daughter and heir, Ka¬ therine, widow of George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham of that family, and mother of George, the 2nd Duke and 20th Baron Roos, who succeeded his mother in the Barony in 1666, and d. without issue in 1687, when this Barony fell into abeyance. 3 George, 7th Earl of Rutland, who as male heir succeeded his brother in the Earldom, and d. without issue in 1641, when the male heirs of the 2nd Earl of Rutland, becoming extinct, the Earldom devolved on John, 8th Earl, grandson of Sir John Manners, 2nd son of Thomas, 1st Earl of Rutland, and 13th Baron Roos. 4 Lady Bridget, wife of Robert Tyrwhitt, of Kettleby, Esq., whose heir general is Sir Henry Hunloke, Bart. 5 Lady Frances, wife of William, Lord Willoughby, of Parham, whose co¬ heirs, as shown above, are the Earl of Essex and the present Lord. The Barony having thus fallen into abeyance, on the death, without issue in 1687, of George Villiers, 2nd Duke of Buckingham, 20th Lord, heir general of Francis, 6th Earl of Rutland, and 18th Lord, between the representatives of the Ladies Bridget and Frances, the two sisters and co-heirs of the said 6tli Earl, so remained till 9 May 1806, when the King was pleased to terminate the abeyance in favour of Charlotte, the late Baroness, on whose death in 1831, Henry-William, the present Lord, her eldest son, succeeded. 139 D E S DESART, EARL OF. (Cuffk.) Peer of Ireland. The family of Cuffe, from which sprang Henry Cuffe, the unfortunate Secretary of Robert 'Devereux, Earl of Essex, who, in 1601, suffered death for his participa¬ tion in his master’s rebellion, originated in Somersetshire. Maurice Cuffe, of the same family, settled at Ennis, Co. Clare, and d. in 1638, leaving issue, Joseph Cuffe, Esq., of Castle Inch, Co. Kilkenny, who, having joined the army under Cromwell, was rewarded for his services by considerable grants of lands. He m. Martha, daughter of Colonel Agmondesham Muschamp, bj r whom he had a numerous issue, and dying in 1679 was succeeded by his eldest son, Agmondesham Cuffe, Esq., at¬ tainted by King James’s Parliament in 1689 ; his estates, which had been seques¬ trated by the same Parliament, were afterwards restored to him by King William. He m. Anne, daughter of Sir John Otway, of London, widow of John Warden, Esq., of Burncliurch, Co. Kilkenny, by whom he was father of John, created in 1733, Baron of Desart, Co. Kilkenny ; who d. 26 June 1749, having m. 1st, Margaret, only daughter and heir of James Hamilton, Esq., of Camesure, Co. Down, by whom he had no issue, and 2ndly, Dorothea, eldest daughter of General Richard Georges of Kilbrew, Co. Meath ; by the latter lady he left several sons, of whom, John, 2nd Lord, 3rd but eldest surviving son, m. in 1752, Sophia, daughter and heir of Brettridge Bodham, Esq., of Rockfield, Co. Cork, and widow of Richard Thornhill, Esq. •, and d. without issue male in 1767 ; Otway, 3rd Lord, the 4th son, was created Viscount Desart in 1781, and Earl of Desart and Viscount Castlecuffe, in 1793. He m. 18 Aug. 1785, Lady Anne Browne, eldest daughter of Peter, 2nd Earl of Altamont, and sister of the 1st Mar¬ quis of Sligo, who d. 16 Aug. 1814 ; and the Earl dying 9 Aug. 1804, was succeeded by his son, John-Otway, 2nd Earl, who dying in 1820, was succeeded by his infant son, Johx-Otway-O’Connor, present and 3rd Earl ; The Hon. and Rev. Hamilton Cuffe, 6th son, was father, besides other children who d. young, of the late John-Otway Cuffe, Esq., of Williamstown House, Co. Meath, who d. 15 March 1833, and whose issue, if any, are the only collateral heirs to the title. 140 D E S DE SAUMAREZ, BARON. (Saumarez.) Peer of the United Kingdom. The Norman descent, claimed by this family, is corroborated by its name, which is evidently of French extraction; and its founder is said to have followed the for¬ tunes of William the Conqueror from Normandy, and to have finally settled in the Island of Guernsey. The original name was de Sausmarez, which is still used by the eldest branch ; but towards the close of the last century, the younger branches in England dropped the de and s in order to give a more Anglicised appearance to their name. A French pedigree of the family records the following members of it, as of note in the Island, but without describing the affiliation of many of them. Matthieu de Sausmarez, Lord or Seigneur of that place in the Island of Guern¬ sey, living in 1331. Colin de Sausmarez living in 1364, as appears by a document under the seal of the Island ; a Colin de Sausmarez, but whether the same or not is not stated, held a Court for this Lordship in 1390, by his seneschal and vavasours, in order to ascer¬ tain the rents, chief-rents, homages, services, Ac. due from the various tenants; a Colin de Sausmarez was also living in 1416. Nicholas de Sausmarez living in 1429, and 1461 ; a partition of his estates was made by a deed dated 6 Sept. 1320, between his three sons, viz.: 1 Thomas, whose only son, George, d. without issue ; 2 Michael, who continued the family ; 3 William, who d. without issue. Michael de Sausmarez left two sons ; 1 Nicholas, from whom descend the elder branch of the family now seated in the Island of Guernsey ; and 2 Jean, who by Margueritte, daughter of Guille Bailly, was father of Thomas, m. to Rebecca Handcock de la Foie, by whom he had Michael, who, by Bertranne Fautran, daughter of-Cardvin, had a son Thomas, who m. Martha Nichole, daughter of Thomas, 3rd son of the above Nicholas de Sausmarez. Their son, m. Charlotte, daughter of-Le Marchant, and had a son, Matthew, who by Anne, daughter of Philip Durell of Jersey, had three sons ; 1 Matthew, father of Lord De Saumarez. 2 Philip, a Capt. R.N. ; he sailed with Lord Anson in his expedition to the South Seas, was made captain of the captured Galleon, and being afterwards pro¬ moted to the Nottingham of 74 guns, gloriously fell in the command of that ship in Lord Hawke’s engagement 14 Oct. 1747. 3 Thomas, also a Capt. R.N., and a companion of Lord Anson in his expedition ; he was afterwards appointed to the Antelope of 30 guns, with which he captured the French ship Belliqueux of 64 guns. King George III., when Mr,, now Lord, Saumarez, then acting captain on board the Preston, was introduced to him on his visit to the Nore, enquired of the Admiral if he was related to Anson’s gallant com¬ panions of that name. Matthew Saumarez, Esq., the eldest son, was lost at sea in his passage from Guernsey, having m. 1st, Susannah, daughter of Thomas Dumaresq, of the Island of Jersey, Esq., by whom he had an only daughter ; and 2ndly, Carteret, daughter of James le Marchant, Esq., by whom he had, besides other issue. Sir James, G.C.B., (/or whom see The Peerage Volume,) created a Baronet in 11101, and Baron De Saumarez, of the Island of Guernsey, in 1831. lie d. in 1836, and was succeeded by his eldest son James, the present and 2nd Lorp. 141 DEV DE TABLEY, BARON. (Leicester.) Peer of the United Kingdom. . The family of O'Byrne claims descent from the ancient chieftains of Ireland. Sir Gregor_v Byrne, of Timoge, Queen’s County, created a Baronet in 1671, was grand¬ father of Sir John Byrne, 2nd Baronet, who d. in 1742 ; having m. in 1728, Meriel, widow of Fleetwood Legh, Esq., and daughter and heir of Sir Francis Leicester, Bart.; (13th in descent from Sir Nicholas Leicester, living in 1276;) she was b. 2.5 Nov. 1705, and d. in 1740 ; their son, Sir Peter Byrne, Bart., succeeding to the estates of his maternal grandfather, assumed the name of Leicester; he was b. Dec. 1732, and d. 12 Feb. 1770, having in. Katherine, 3rd daughter and co-heir of Sir William Fleming, Bart., by whom, who d. 8 Dec. 1786, he had issue, 1 Sir John-Fleming Leicester, created Baron de Tabley of Tabley House, Co. Chester, in 1826 ; he d. in 1827, and was succeeded by his eldest son, George, the present and 2nd Lord. 2 Henry-Augustus, who d. 18 July 1816, having m. 16 Feb. 1791, Letitia-Sophia, 2nd daughter of Nicholas-Owen Smyth-Owen, Esq., by whom he left issue. 3 Charles, who d. June 1815 ; having been twice married, 1st, 24 Jan. 1792, to Mary, 2nd daughter of Philip Egerton, Esq., who d. 3 April 1797 ; 2ndly, in 1798, to Louisa-Harriet, another daughter of Nicholas-Owen Smyth-Owen, Esq. ; he left, besides other issue, the Rev. Frederick Leicester, m. in July 1828, to the Dowager Lady de Tabley. 4 Katherine, m. 1st, Rev, Christopher Atkinson ; and 2ndly, Rev. Thomas Jee, Vicar of Thaxted, Essex. DE VESCI, VISCOUNT. (Vesey.) Peer of Ireland. Ills Lordship is descended from Eustace, younger son of John, Earl of Comyn, whose eldest son, llarlowen, was ancestor of the Marquis of Clanricarde. The above 142 DEV Eustace was gveat-gramlfather of William, who m. Beatrice, daughter and heir of Ivo, Lord De Vesci, whereupon he assumed the name and arms of Vesey. The first of the family who settled in Ireland, was William Vesey, Esq., in the reign of Eli¬ zabeth ; he m. a daughter of the family of Ker of Cessford, and was succeeded by his only son, the Rev. Thomas Vesey, Archdeacon of Armagh ; father of the most Rev. John Vesey, D.D., Archbishop of Tuam, and three times one of the Lords Justices of Ireland. He left, besides other issue, three sons ; viz. : 1 Thomas, his successor. 2 Agmondisham, a Privy Counsellor in Ireland, who left two daughters, his co-heirs. 3 John, Archdeacon of Kilfenora, grandfather of Catherine, Baroness Fitz-Gerald and Vesey. See that title. Thomas, the eldest son. Lord Bishop of Killaloe, and afterwards of Ossory, was created a Baronet of Ireland in 16911; he rn. Mary, only surviving daughter and heir of Denny Muschamp, Esq., of Horsley, Co. Surrey, and dying in 1730, was succeeded by his only son, Sir John-Denny Vesey, who was created a Peer of Ireland in 1750, by the title of Baron of Knapton, Queen’s Co., and d. 25 June 1761. His Lordship m. in 1732, Elizabeth, daughter of William Brownlow, Esq., of Lurgan, by Lady Elizabeth Hamilton, daughter of James, 6th Earl of Abereorn, by whom he had three daughters ; 1 Elizabeth, h. 1733, m. 1st, 4 July 1751, Robert Hancock, of Waterstown, Co. Westmeath, Esq. ; and 2ndly, 27 Oct. 1762, Edmund, Viscount Pery; 2 Anne, in. 25 Aug. 1753, Thomas, Viscount Northland, and d. 14 Oct. 1803 ; 3 Jane, in. 1776, Sir John Staples, Bart.; and an only son, Thomas, 2nd Lord, who was created Viscount de Vesci, of Abbey Leix, Queen’s County, in 1776, and was father of John, the present and 2nd Viscount, who suc¬ ceeded him in 1804. DEVON, EARL OF. (Courtenay.) Peer of England. Of this illustrious family, the first who settled in England was Reginald de Courte¬ nay, who came over from France in the reign of Henry II. Reginald de Courtenay, in common with the ancient Counts of Boulogne, who bore the same arms as the house of Courtenay, viz. Or, three torteaux ; and from whom proceeded Godfrey I. and Baldwin I., Kings of Jerusalem, claimed his de¬ scent from Pharamond, founder of the French Monarchy. His immediate ancestor was Athon, who, about the year 1000, fortified the town of Courtenay, in Gastinois, in the Isle of France, and thence took his surname. Josceline de Courtenay, his son and heir, had two sons; of whom, Josceline, the younger, engaging in the crusades, became Count of Edessa, and was father and grandfather of two.Toscelines, Counts of Edessa, who, like himself, were celebrated in the history of the crusades. Milo, the elder son of the first Josceline, was father of Reginald, who was also a crusader ; he had a daughter and heir, Elizabeth, m. to Peter, youngest son of Louis VI., King of France, who assumed the name and arms of Courtenay, and was father, by her, of Peter, Emperor of Constantinople, whose male line failed in his grandchildren, and of other sons, of whom Robert continued the princely line of Courtenay in France, now extinct. 143 D E V Tlie said Reginald de Courtenay, afterwards came into England, and married, for his 2nd wife, Hawyse, daughter and heir of Robert de Abrincis, hereditary Sheriff of Devonshire, Baron of Oakhampton, and Governor of the Castle of Exeter, which title and offices he afterwards held in right of his said wife. His son, Robert de Courtenay, m. Mary, daughter of William de Redvers, Earl of Devonshire, and in 1293, Hugh de Courtenay, the great-grandson of the said Robert Courtenay and Mary Redvers, became the representative of the Redvers family. This Hugh Courtenay was summoned to Parliament, as a Baron, in 1299, and in 1335 was allowed the Earldom of Devon in consequence of his descent from the former Earls. He d. in 1340, and was succeeded by his son Hugh, 2nd Earl, who d. in 1377 ; having m. Margaret, daughter of Humphrey de Bohun, Earl of Hereford and Essex, by the Lady Elizabeth, daughter of King Edward I., by whom he had six sons: viz. 1 Sir Hugh Courtenay, K.G., summoned as a Baron to Parliament: he d. before his father, in 1374, leaving Hugh, his son and heir, who d. before his grandfather, in 1377. 2 Sir Edward, from whom the succeeding Earls descended ; he likewise d. before his father, but left two surviving sons. 3 William, successively Bishop of Hereford and London, and Archbishop of Canterbury; he d. in 1396. 4 Humphrey, d. young. 5 Sir Peter Courtenay, K.G., distinguished as a Privy Counsellor of King Edward III., and companion in arms of the Black Prince ; he d. unm. in 1409. 6 Sir Philip, of Powderluim Castle, Co. Devon, from whom, in the direct male line, the present Earl descends ; and through whom, to the present day, he inherits Powderham and other lands which were settled, by the 2nd Earl, on himself and his issue male. Sir Edward Courtenay, 2nd son of Hugh, the 2nd Earl, left two sons: 1 Edward, 3rd Earl; 2 Sir Hugh Courtenay, of Haccomb. Edward, the 3rd Earl, succeeded his grandfather, and d. in 1419; he was suc¬ ceeded by his son Hugh, 4tli Earl; and he, in 1422, by his son, Thomas, 5th Earl; the latter m. Lady Margaret Beaufort, 2nd daughter of John, 1st Earl of Somerset, and by her had three sons, and two daughters, who became the co-heirs of their brothers. The Earl sided with the house of Lancaster, in the civil wars, and d. in 1451, leaving his allegiance to that house a fatal legacy to his three sons, namely; 1 Thomas, 6th Earl, taken prisoner at the battle of Towton, and beheaded at York, by order of King Edward IV., 3 April 1461 ; and after his death, attainted by Act of Parliament, together with King Henry VI., the Queen, the Prince of Wales, and fourteen other Peers ; the titles of all the other Lords, except the Earl of Devonshire, were restored in, or before, the reign of King Henry VII. He d. unm. 2 Henry, who, but for this attainder, would have succeeded as 7th Earl; he also was attainted and beheaded at Salisbury, 4th March 1466, unm. 3 John, who, on the temporary restoration of Henry VI. in 1470, was restored to the Earldom of Devon. He was killed in the battle of Tewkesbury, 4 May 1471, and d. unm., when the male line of Edward, 3rd Earl, failed. Sir Hugh of Haccomb, the 2nd son of Edward Courtenay, and brother of Edward the 3rd Earl, left two sons; Edward, his heir, who d. without issue, and Sir Hugh of Boconnock, who also lost his life at the battle of Tewkesbury. His son and heir, Sir William Courtenay, the then heir male of his house, was implicated in the Duke of Buckingham’s conspiracy for setting the Earl of Richmond upon the throne, and was attainted in 1484 ; he escaped, however, to Brittany, where the Earl of Richmond then was; and, landing with him that same year in Wales, was present at the battle of Bosworth, which transferred the crown to Richmond by the name of Henry VII. Sir Edward’s attainder was immediately reversed, but not that of the 6th Earl of Devon, the chief part of whose estates were con¬ ferred on him, which would otherwise have been inherited by that Earl’s heirs general; and Sir Edward was created Earl of Devonshire in 1485, and honoured with the garter. In 1497 he held the city of Exeter for Henry VII. against Perkin Warbeck, and d. in 1509, leaving a son. Sir William, who m. the Princess Katherine, youngest daughter and co-heir of King Edward IV., and sister of the Queen consort. He was attainted in 1502, on suspicion of holding a treasonable corres¬ pondence with his wife’s kinsman, Edmund de la Pole, Earl of Suffolk, a Yorkist, who had fled into Flanders; and he was detained a prisoner till the death of King Henry VII. Henry VIII. liberated him as soon as he came to the throne ; and as, in consequence of the attainder, he could not legally inherit his father's Earldom, he was on the 10th May 1511, created Earl of Devon, by a new patent. He did not, however, long enjoy his honours and the King’s favour, but d. of a fever on the 9th June following: leaving one son, Henry, K.G., 11th Earl of Devon, in 144 DEV the order of succession. He inherited his father’s Earldom of the creation of 1511, and having the following year obtained a reversal of his father’s attainder, inherited also the Earldom of 1485. He was created Marquis of Exeter in 1525, and in 1532 declared by King Henry VIII. next heir to the crown; a short-lived honour, as in the following year his Lady stood sponsor to the Princess, afterwards Queen Elizabeth, whom her father declared his successor immediately upon her birth, in default of his own male issue. He fell, however, under the displeasure of that jealous tyrant, towards the close of his reign ; and, after presiding in Westminster Hall, at the trial and condemnation of the Lords D’Arcy and Hussey, for high treason, in 1538, he was himself tried for his life in the same place, in the December following, on a charge of conspiring to raise Cardinal Reginald Pole to the throne, found guilty, beheaded upon Tower Hill, 9 Jan. 1539, and attainted. He left an only son, Edward, who was prevented from inheriting his father’s honours by the Marquis’s attainder ; though only twelve years of age at his father’s death, he was committed to the Tower, and continued a prisoner throughout the reign of King Edward VI. Queen Mary, who is supposed to have entartained an affection for him, released him immediately upon her accession, and created him Eari. of Devon, with remainder to his “ heirs male for ever,” by patent dated 3 Sept. 1553; the same year he was restored in blood by Act of Parliament, but as the attainder of his father was never reversed, he did not succeed to any of his honours. Queen Mary, jealous of an imagined attachment between the Earl and her sister, the Princess Elizabeth, threw them both into the Tower upon an accusation of being privy to Sir Thomas Wyat's rebellion, but released them on her marriage with King Philip, and the Earl of Devon, fearful of again falling under the royal displeasure, quitted his country, and d. unm. at Padua, 4 Oct. 1556. In this unfortunate nobleman ended the splendour, interrupted by so many mis¬ fortunes, of the illustrious house of Courtenay, and with him failed the male descend¬ ants of Edward, the 2nd son of Hugh, the 2nd Earl, and the three intermediate sons of the said 2nd Earl having died without issue, the heirs male of this last Earl, on whom, by the patent of 1553, the Earldom was entailed, must be sought for in the issue of Philip, his 6th and youngest son. This Sir Philip Courtenay, of Powderham Castle, was ancestor of a line, which, during the troubles and prosperity of the elder branch, had flourished in respecta¬ bility, though not in splendour, in the privacy of their Devonshire retirement, through six generations. Sir William Courtenay, the proprietor of Powderham Castle, at the death of Edward, Earl of Devon, in 1556, would, according to the construction recently given to the patent of 1553, have succeeded him in the title of Earl of Devon ; he d. in 1557, and was succeeded by his son Sir William Cour¬ tenay, to whom in 1630 succeeded his son Francis. He d. in 1638, and was suc¬ ceeded by his son Sir William, to whom the dignity of a Baron was offered in April 1689, but which he appears to have declined. He was created a Baronet, but not affecting that title, as conscious of the much higher dignities which of right pertained to him, never took out his patent; he was, however, always styled Baronet in the commissions sent him by the King. He d. in 1702, and Francis, his eldest son, having d. before him, he was succeeded by his grandson. Sir William-Smyth, 2nd Baronet, who d. in 1735, leaving two sons, viz.; 1 Sir William, his successor, who was created, in 1762, Viscount Courtenay, of Powderham Castle, Co. Devon, and d. only ten days after his elevation to the Peerage, when he was succeeded by his only son, William, 2nd Viscount, who d. in 1788, leaving the thirteen daughters described in The Peerage Volume , and an only son, William, 3rd Viscount, to whom the Earldom of Devon was adjudged under the patent of 1553 by the House of Lords, 15 March 1831, and who, though only the 2nd Earl who had borne the title under that patent, was the 9th who had been entitled to it, and the 20th of his family in hereditary succession from the 1st Earl. His sisters immediately assumed the title and rank of Earl’s daughters, their father having been unquestionably entitled to that dignity. The Earl d. unm. in 1835. 2 Henry-Rcginald, who d. in 1763; having m. Lady Catherine, daughter of Allan, 1st Earl Bathurst, by whom he had two sons, both in holy orders; William, the eldest son, d. unm. in Nov. 1783, and Henry-Reginald, Bishop of Exeter, the younger, d . 9 June 1803 ; he m. 26 Jan. 1774, Lady-Elizabeth Howard, eldest daughter and co-heir of Thomas, 2nd Earl of Effingham, and by her left the issue described in The Peerage Volume; of whom the eldest son, William, the present, and by right 10th Eari,, succeeded his cousin in 1 835. 145 DEV DEVONSHIRE, DUKE OF. (Cavendish.) Peer of England. This family was founded by Robert de Gemon, a noble Norman, who came into England with William the Conqueror : 6th in descent from him was Roger de Ger- non, who acquired by marriage the Lordship of Cavendish ; and his issue, in conse¬ quence, assumed that name. Sir John Cavendish, his eldest son, appointed Lord Chief Justice of the King’s Bench by King Edward III., in 1365, was beheaded in the reign of Richard II. by some rebels, in an insurrection in the County of Suffolk in 1381, the animosity of the mob being chiefly directed against the lawyers, and more especially against the Lord Chief Justice, whose son, John Cavendish, being the Esquire of the Body to the King, had a very short time preceding, dispatched the rebel Wat Tyler in Smithfield, after he had been struck from his horse by the Lord Mayor. Fourth in descent from this John Cavendish, the son, was Sir William Cavendish, a confidential attendant on Cardinal Wolsey, under whose patronage he laid the foundation of a large augmentation of his fortune, which was afterwards greatly forwarded in the service of the Kings Henry VIII. and Edward VI., from both of whom he obtained considerable grants of abbey and other ecclesi¬ astical lands. Sir William married to his 3rd wife, (having hail daughters only by his two former marriages,) Elizabeth, daughter of John Hardwick, Esq., and co-heir of her brother James Hardwick, of Hardwick, Co. Derby, who had been married at four¬ teen years of age to Robert Barley, of Bailey, Co. Derby, by whom she was shortly after left a widow, his large estates being settled upon her and her heirs. In complaisance to her, Sir William Cavendish sold his property in Suffolk and other parts, and purchased estates in the county of Derby, where he commenced, near his wife’s paternal mansion of Hardwick, the building of the noble house of Chatsworth, which was completed by her after his death ; she m. 3rdly, Sir William St. Loe, of Tormarton in Gloucestershire, Grand Butler of England, by whom she had no issue, but whose large estates were also settled on herself and her children ; and 4thlv, George Talbot, K.G., 6th Earl of Shrewsbury, and Earl Marshal of England, by whom also she had no issue ; but he having children by a former marriage, she pro¬ cured the union of her youngest daughter with Gilbert his son and heir, the 7th Earl of Shrewsbury, and of Henry her eldest son with the Lady Grace his daughter. Sir William had by her, besides Henry Cavendish, Esq., his eldest son and heir, who d. without issue in 1616, and three daughters, all matched into the noblest families of the kingdom, two other sons, viz.: 1 William, 1st Earl. 2 Sir Charles Cavendish, of Welbeck Abbey, Co. Nottingham, who d. in 1617 ; leaving by his 2nd marriage with Catherine, afterwards Baroness Ogle, daughter and at length sole heir of Cuthbert, 7th Baron Ogle by writ 1461, a son, William, K.G., created in 1620 Baron Ogle of Bothal, and Viscount Mansfield, Co. Notting¬ ham ; also Baron Cavendish of Bolsover, and Earl of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, in 1628 ; succeeded to his mother’s Barony of Ogle in 1629, was farther created Mar¬ quis of Newcastle, Co. Northumberland, in 1643 ; was signally' active in the cause of Charles I., under whom, and subsequently under King Charles II., after the Restoration, he held several offices of high trust and honour, and was finally', in 1664, 146 DEV created Earl of Ogle and Duke of Newcastle, both Co. Northumberland. He d. in 107(>, leaving one son, Henry, 2nd Duke, on whose death, in 1691, all his honours became extinct except the Barony of Ogle by writ, which fell into abeyance between his three daughters and co-heirs. William, the 2nd son of Sir William Cavendish, was created Baron Cavendish, of Hardwick, Co. Derby; he was one of the first adventurers who planted colonies in Virginia and the Island of Bermudas; in 1616 lie obtained a large increase to his already considerable fortune, by the death of Henry, his elder brother, whom he succeeded in the whole of his estates, and was created Earl of Devonshire, in 1618 ; he d. in 162.5, and was succeeded by his son William, 2nd Earl, who d. in 1628, leaving, besides his eldest son and successor, William, 3rd Earl, a 2nd son, Lieut.-general Charles Cavendish, who after many gallant achievements in the Royal army during the Civil War, was killed in an action against Cromwell in 1643, in the 24th year of his age. William, 3rd Earl, after attending the King’s Parlia¬ ment at Oxford, and supplying him with money, retired beyond the seas, where he remained till the mandate of the victorious Parliament compelled him to return. He d. in 1684, and was succeeded by his son, William, 4th Earl, K.G.; he was the intimate friend of William, Lord Russell, who suffered death in the reign of Charles II., was himself a strenuous supporter of the Protestant religion against the encroachments of Popery under that King and James II., and exerted himself to the utmost to secure theaccession of William III., and the settlement of the constitution on the principles of Protestantism and theo¬ retical liberty. He was created Marquis of Hartington, Co. Derby, and Duke of Devonshire, in 1694, and dying in 1707, was succeeded by his eldest son, William, 2nd Duke, K.G., who d. in 1729, leaving, besides his successor, William, 3rd Duke, a younger son. Lord Charles Cavendish, a well known Member of the Royal Society, and a Trustee of the British Museum ; he was father of Henry and Frederick Cavendish, Esqs., both of whom d. unm., the latter in 1812, and the former, a celebrated natural philosopher and chemist, in 1810, leaving behind him a name, of which a competent judge, the late Sir Humphrey Davy, has declared, that it will remain imperishably illustrious in the annals of science, and be an immortal honour to bis house, to his age, and to his country. William, 3rd Duke, K.G., d. in 1755, and was succeeded by his son, William, 4th Duke, K.G., who d. 2 Oct. 1764; having m. 28 March 1748, Lady Charlotte Boyle, only daughter and heir of Richard, 3rd Earl of Burlington, 4th Baron Clifford, and 4th Earl of Cork, in Ireland, great grandson and heir of Richard, 1st Earl of Burlington, by Elizabeth, sole daughter and heir of Henry Clifford, 5th Earl of Cumberland, who had been summoned to Parliament, by writ in 1628, in the lifetime of his father, Francis, 4th Earl of Cumberland, as Baron Clifford, under the presumption that the ancient Barony of Clifford, by writ 1299, was vested in the 4th Earl of Cumberland ; but the right to this Barony, now possessed by Lord de Clifford, proving to be in the heirs general of George, 3rd Earl of Cum berland, elder brother of the 4th Earl, this writ of 1628, constituted a new Barony in fee to the 1st Lord, which was claimed by and allowed in 1737, to Richard, 3rd Earl of Burlington, 4th Lord Clifford, as his heir general. On the deatli of this Earl without issue male, in 1753, his Irish titles devolved on the heir male, Roger, Earl of Orrery, and 5th Earl of Cork ; the other English titles became extinct, but the Barony of Clifford by writ descended to his daughter Charlotte, Duchess of Devonshire; she d. 8 Dec. 1754, leaving, by the Duke, the following issue: 1 William, 5th Duke, K.G., see The Peerage Volume: he succeeded his mother in the Barony, and his father in 1764 in the Dukedom, and d. in 1811, when he was succeeded by his only son, William-Spencer, present and 6th Duke, K.G. ; in case of whose death without issue, the Barony of Clifford would fall into abeyance between his two sisters, the Countess of Carlisle and the Viscountess Granville. 2 Lord Richard, b. 19 June 1751, d. unm. 7 Sept. 1781. 3 Lady Dorothy, d. in 1791, having m. the late Duke of Portland. 4 Lord George-Augustus-Henry, who was created in 1831, Earl of Burlington, Ac. and d. in 1834, when he wassucceeded by his grandson, William, present Earl of Burlington, heir presumptive to the Dukedom; see title Burlington. 147 D I G DIGBY, EARL. (Digby.) Peer of Great Britain and of Ireland. This family originally bore the name of Tilton, derived from a parish in and near which they possessed a large estate in Leicestershire in the reign of King Henry II.; in that of Henry III. they removed to Digby, Co. Lincoln, and as¬ sumed that name. Robert de Digby, living in the time of Edward III., was grand¬ father of Everard Digby, who, with three brothers, all lost their lives in the battle of Towton, in 1461, fighting for King Henry VI. This Everard Digby left seven sons, who all fought resolutely at Bosworth, on the side of King Henry VII. Sir Everard, the eldest of these seven sons, was ancestor of a family long seated also at Tilton ; Sir Edward! 4th in descent from him, was executed in 1605, as a conspirator in the Gunpowder Plot; he was father of the well-known Sir Kenelm Digby, whose sons left no male issue. Sir Simon Digby, the 2nd son of Everard, killed at Towton field, was an¬ cestor in the fourth generation of Sir George Digby of Coleshill, Co. Warwick, father of 1 Sir Robert, father of Robert, 1st Lord Digby, in the Peerage of Ireland, and ancestor of the Earl. 2 John, created Baron Digby of Sherborne 1618, and Earl of Bristol 1622. He was Ambassador in Spain at the time of the journey thither of King Charles I., then Prince of Wales, and after his return home, he and the Duke of Buckingham mutually accused each other as the cause of failure in the Prince's design of a marriage there. He d . in 1653, and was succeeded by his son George, 2nd Earl, K.G., who, as Lord Digby, took so conspicuous a part in the troubles of the reign of King Charles I., and was during his exile the chief councillor of Charles II., till he lost his offices in the Royal service by openly reconciling himself to the church of Rome. He d. in 1676, and was succeeded by his son John, 3rd Earl, on whose death, in 1698, his honours became extinct. Sir Robert, eldest son of Sir George Digby d. in 1618 ; having m. Lettice, created Baroness Offaley for life, (daughter and heir of Gerald, Lord Offaley, who d. before his father Gerald, 11th Earl of Kildare;) Robert, their eldest son, was created Baron Digby ofGeashill, King’s County, in the Peerage of Ireland, in 1620 ; he d. in 1642, and was succeeded by his son Kildare, 2nd Lord ; he d. in 1661, leaving three sons, Robert, Simon, and William, successive Lords. Robert, 3rd Lord, d. in 1676, unm. ; Simon, 4th Lord, in 1685, without issue male ; and William, 5tli Lord, in 1752, having had four sons; of whom the two elder, John and Robert, d. before him, unm.; Edward, the 3rd son, also d. before him, but was ancestor of the Earl; and Wriothesley, the 4th son, d. in 1767, leaving issue: see The Peerage Volume. The Hon. Edward Digby, 3rd son, but, after the death of his brothers, heir apparent of the 5th Lord, d. also before his father, 2 Oct. 1746 ; having m. 10 July 1729, Charlotte, daughter of Sir Stephen Fox, and sister of the 1st Earl of Ilchester, by whom, who d. Nov. 1778, he had one daughter, Charlotte, who d. unm., and the six sons following, to whom was granted the precedency of sons of a Baron : 1 Edward, 6th Lord, who succeeded his grandfather in Dec. 1752, and d. unm. 30 Nov. 1757. 148 D I L 2 Henry, 7tli Lord Digby, in the Peerage of Ireland ; he was created in 1765, Baron Digby of Sherborne, Co. Dorset, with remainder, failing his issue male, to the issue male of his father, the Hon. Edward Digby; and was afterwards created, in 1790, Viscount Coleshill, Co. Warwick, and Earl Digby, Co. Lincoln. He was father of Edward, the present and 2nd Earl, who succeeded him in 1793. 3 The Hon. Admiral Robert, b. 1732, d. 25 Feb. 1814 ; having m. 19 Aug. 1784, Eleanor, daughter of Andrew Elliott, Esq.,and widow of- Jauncy, Esq.; she d. 28 July 1830. 4 The Hon. and Very Rev. William, LL.D., Dean of Durham, who d. 18 Sept. 1788 ; having m. 14 April 1766, Charlotte, daughter of Joseph Cox, Esq., by whom, who d. 27 June 1798, he left a numerous issue, see The Peerage Volume. 5 The Hon. Colonql Stephen, b. 10 May 1742,is deceased ; having m. 1st, 1 Oct. 1771, Lady Lucy Fox-Strangways, 4th daughter of Stephen, 1st Earl of llchester, who was b. 15 Dec. 1748, and d. 16 Aug. 1787 ; and 2ndly, 6 Jan. 1790, Charlotte- Margaret, eldest daughter of Sir Robert Gunning, Bart., who was b. 5 Jan. 1759, and d. in 1794 ; his issue, by both marriages, are stated in The Peerage Volume. 6 The Hon. and Rev. Charles, b. 22 April 1743, d. 10 Sept. 1811 ; having m. 5 Jan. 1775, Priscilla, daughter of William Mellior, Esq., by whom, who d. 15 Oct. 1811, he had one daughter—see The Peerage Volume. DILLON, VISCOUNT. (Dillon-Lee.) Peer of Ireland. His Lordship derives his descent from Logan (3rd son of O'Neal, Monarch of Ireland, of the blood Royal of Ilerimon) surnamed Dilune or Delion, (the Valiant,) who having killed in single combat his kinsman Coleman, King of Timoria in Hibernia, passed over into France, where he obtained in marriage the daughter and heir of the Duke of Aquitaine, by which marriage he and his posterity became Princes of Aquitaine, till they were dispossessed by King Henry II. of England, in 1172, when Thomas Dillon, Duke of Aquitaine, was killed in battle, and his sons Henry and Thomas were brought while infants into England. Sir Henry Dillon, the eldest son, attended King John into Ireland in 1185, where he obtained by grant divers lands, thence called “ Dillon’s Country,” which name was changed by the statute of 34th Henry VIII., for that of the Barony of Kilkenny West. Eighth in descent from the above Sir Henry, called “Premier Dillon,” was Gerald Dillon of Drumrany, living in the 14th century, whose younger son. Sir James, was an¬ cestor of the Earl of Roscommon and Lord Clonbrock ; and from Maurice, his eldest son, descended in the 6th degree. Sir Theobald Dillon, created, in 1622, Viscount I) ii i.on of Gastello Dillon. He d. in 1624, leaving eight sons, of whom the two eldest were ancestors of all the succeeding Viscounts, viz.: I Christopher, d. before his father, leaving, besides other sons, 1 Lucas, who succeeded his grandfather, and d. in 1629, at nineteen years of age, leaving an infant son and heir, Theobald, 3rd Viscount, who d . in 1630. 2 Thomas, who succeeded his nephew as 4th Viscount, and at his death left only one survivor of six sons, T homas, who succeeded him as 5th V iscount, and d in 1674 without surviving issue. 3 Theobald, who left a son, Lucas, 6th Viscount ; he succeeded his cousin 149 D I N in 167 4, and ec. 1748, Thomasina, daughter of Robert Surman, Esq., by whom, who d. 17 Jan. 1750, he had a son, Colonel William- Augustus-Spencer Boscawen, who was b. 7 Jan. 1750, and d. 13 June 1828; having m. Mary-Anne, daughter of- Hughes, Esq., by whom, who d. 21 Sept. 1821, he left the issue described in The Peerage Volume. 6 Hon. William-Frederick, d. unm. in the service of the East India Company. 7 Hon. Henry, d. unm. 8 Hon. and Rev. Nicholas, D.D., Dean of St. Burien, in Cornwall, a Prebendary 193 o F A R of Westminster, and Chaplain to the King; he was b. 1G Aug. 1723, and d. 4 July 1793 ; having m. Jane, daughter of-Woodward, Esq.,and widow of-Hatton, Esq., by whom, who d. Jan. 1797, he had one son, Nicholas. See The Peeruge Volume. FAUNBOROUGH, BARON. (Long.) Peer of the United Kingdom. This family is of considerable antiquity in the County of Wilts, where it has flourished in numerous branches. John Long, Esq., of Netheravon, was grandfather of Samuel, who settled in Jamaica in 1655, and whose only son, Charles Long, Esq., of Longville, Jamaica, d. in 1723, leaving three sons, viz.: 1 Samuel, who m. Mary, 2nd daughter and co-heir of Bartholomew Tate, Esq. Ilis representatives (three daughters and co-heirs of his eldest son, Robert Long, who d. in 1779) are co-heirs with the issue of the late Lord Zouche of that Barony. Ilis 2nd son, Edward Long, Esq., Chief Judge of the Vice-Admiralty Court, Jamaica, left a numerous issue. 2 Charles, of Saxmundham, who d. in 1780 ; he was father of Charles Long, Esq., who m. his cousin Jane, sister of Lord Famborough, and d. in 1813, without surviving issue ; and of Dudley Long, Esq., who assumed the name of North, m. the Hon. Sophia Anderson-Pelham, sister of Lord Yarborough, and d. in 1829. 3 Beeston Long, Esq., of Carshalton, Co. Surrey; he was b. in 1710, and d. 21 Jan. 1783 ; having m. 24 Jan. 1745, Susannah, daughter and heir of Abraham Crop, Esq., who d. in 1780. They had the following issue : 1 Samuel, d. 19 Oct. 1807 ; having m. 22 Dec. 1787, Lady Jane Maitland, 4th daughter of James, 7th Earl of Lauderdale ; she m. 2ndly, 5 Nov. 1808, Lieut.-General Sir William Houston, G.C.B., and died at Gibraltar, 1 June 1833, leaving issue by Mr. Long. 2 Beeston Long, Esq., a Bank Director; he was b. in 1757, and d. 8 Aug. 1820; having m. 10 July 1786, Frances-Louisa, eldest daughter of Sir Richard Neave, Bart., by whom he had issue. 3 The Right Hon. Sir Charles Long, G.C.B., created in 1826, Baron Farnborough, of Bromley-Hill Place, Co. Kent, the present Peer. 4 George, killed at the storming of Trincomalee. 5 The Rev. William Long, a Canon of Windsor. 6 Richard, d. unm. 7 Sarah, d. 18 July 1817 ; having m. 23 April 1774, Sir George-William Prescott, Bart., d. 22 July 1801. 8 Jane, m. 26 Dec. 1786, her cousin, Charles Long, Esq., eldest son of Charles, elder brother of Beeston Long, Esq., above. 9 Susannah, d. 12 June 1815; having m. 1 Nov, 1787, the Rev. George Chamberlain. 194 F A R FARNHAM, BARON. (Maxwell.) Peer of Ireland. His Lordship is of the same ancestry with the Earls of Nithisdale in Scotland forfeited in 1710. Sir John Maxwell, 4th in descent from Marcus, the son of Unwin, who obtained estates in Scotland from King David J., was ancestor of John Maxwell, whose 2nd son, Robert, was Dean of Armagh in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, and great grandfather of John Maxwell, Esq., created Baron Farnham of Famham, Co. Cavan, in 1 756 ; herf. in 1759; having m. Judith, daughter and heir of James Barry, Esq. by whom, who d. 5 April 1771, he had issue: 1 Robert, 2nd Lord, created Viscount Farnham in 1760, and Earl of Farnham in 1763. He d. 16 Nov. 1779, without surviving issue male, when the Earldom and Viscounty became extinct. He m. 1st, 27 Dec. 1759, Henrietta, daughter and sole heiress of Philip Cantillon, Esq., and widow of William-Matthias, Earl of Stafford • by her, who d. 30 Aug. 1761, he had issue, John, Lord Maxwell, who d. in 1777 ; and Lady Henrietta, who rn. 5 July 1780, the Right Hon. Dennis Daly of Dunsandle Co Galway ; he d. Oct. 1791. The Earl m. 2ndly, 1 Dec. 1771, Sarah, daughter of 1 ole Cosby, Esq., sister of Dudley-Alexander-Sydney, Lord Sydney, and widow of Arthur Upton, Esq., of Castle Upton. 2 Barra, 3rd Lord, created Earl of Farnham, and Viscount Maxwell in 1785, and r/. 7 Oct. 1800; h cm. 1st, 15 Jan. 1751, Margaret, 2nd daughter and co-heir of Robert King, Esq., of Drewstower, Co. Meath, who d. 4 Dec. 1706; and 2ndly, 5 Aug. 1771, Grace, daughter of Arthur Burdett, Esq., who d. 8 March 1816. He had issue by both marriages, and by his first Lady was father of John-James, 4th Lord, and 2nd Earl, on whose death, 24 July 1823, the Earldom and Viscounty again became extinct. 3 Henry, Bishop of Meath, father of John, the present and 5th Lord, who succeeded to the Barony on the death of his cousin. 4 Lady Anne, who d. 16 Feb. 1813, having m. the Right lion. Owen Wynne, who d. ml 789. 195 o 2 F E II FERRARD, VISCOUNT. (Skeffington-Foster.) Peer of Ireland and of the United Kingdom. John Foster, Esq., of Dunlear, Co. Louth, d. 1G May 1747, having m. Elizabeth, youngest daughter of William Fortescue, Esq., of Newragh, Co. Louth, and aunt of William-Henry, 1st Earl of Clermont; by whom, who d. 29 Oct. 1762, he had besides other issue, Anthony, and the Rev. Thomas Foster, whose son John-Thomas m. Lady Elizabeth Hervey, afterwards Duchess of Devonshire, by whom he left issue. Anthony Foster, Esq., the eldest son. Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer in Ireland, was b. 12 Dec. 1705, and d. 3 April 177(1; having m. 1st, 25 Feb. 1736, Elizabeth, daughter of William Burgh, Esq., who d. 30 July 1744 ; 2ndly, 29 July 1749, Catherine, daughter of Thomas Burgh, Esq. By his first marriage he was father of 1 Margaret, b. 1737, d. 10 March 1792; having m. the Hon. .and Right Rev. Henry Maxwell, Lord Bishop of Meath, by whom she was mother of John, 5th Lord Farnham. 2 The Right Hon. John Foster, who was created Baron Oriel in the Peerage of England in 1821, and d. in 1828, having m. Margaretta, daughter of Thomas Burgh, Esq., of Bert, Co. Kildare, and aunt of Lord Down ; she was created in 1790, Baroness Oriel of Collon, Co. Louth, and in 1797, Viscountess Ferrard, both in the Peerage of Ireland, and d. in 1824 ; when she was succeeded by her only surviving son, Thomas-Henry, present and 2nd Viscount ; who also succeeded his father, in 1828, as 2nd Baron Oriel. He m. Lady Harriet Skeffington, Viscountess Massereene, by whom, who d. in 1831, he had several children ; John, their eldest son, succeeded his mother, and is the present and 10th Viscount Mas¬ sereene. 3 The Right Rev. AVilliam, Lord Bishop of Clogher, d. 1796 ; having m. Catherine-Letitia, daughter of the Rev. Henry Leslie, D. D., by whom he left issue. 196 F !•: I! FEIillERS, EARL. (Shikley.) Peer of Great Britain. The 1st of his Lordship’s ancestors on record is Sasuvalo, an Anglo-Saxon, who pos¬ sessed large estates immediately after the Conquest. Sixth in descent from him was Henry, who assumed the name of Shirley, from his estate, and was ancestor in the 1 1th degree of Sir George, created a Baronet in 1611, and d . in 1622. Sir Henry Shirley, Bart., his son, m. Dorothy, 2nd daughter of Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, the unfortunate favourite of Queen Elizabeth, and co-heir of her brother Robert, 3rd Earl of Essex, and 11th Baron Ferrers of Chartley, on whose death, in 1646, the Barony of Ferrers of Chartley fell into abeyance, which was terminated by the Crown in 1677, in favour of Sir Robert Shirley, grandson and heir of Sir Henry and Lady Dorothy Shirley, and son of Sir Robert Shirley, Bart., who, being imprisoned by Cromwell for his loyalty, d . in the Tower. Sir Robert the grandson, Lord Ferrers of Chartley, was created in 1711, Viscount Tam- worth, Co. Stafford, and Eari. Ferrers, and had thirteen sons, of whom, Robert, Viscount Tamworth, the eldest son, d . before his father, leaving Elizabeth, his sole daughter and heir, who m . James Compton, 5th Earl of Northampton ; and her daughter, Lady Charlotte, carried the Barony of Ferrers of Chartley into the family of the Marquis of Townshend; Washington, 2nd Earl, also d . without issue male in 1729 ; Henry, 3rd Earl, d . unm. in 1745; Laurence (10th son) was father of Laurence, 4th Earl, Washington, 5th Earl, and Robert, 6th Earl; and George, (13th son,) was grandfather of Evelyn-John Shirley, Esq., of Eating- ton-Park, Warwickshire, M.P.; for all his surviving descendants, see The Peerage Volume. The Hon. Laurence Shirley, 10th son of the 1st Earl, and grandfather of the present Earl, was b . 26 Sept. 1693, and d . 27 April 1743 ; having m . Anne, 4th daughter of Sir Walter Clarges, Bart., and by her had the five sons following: 1 Laurence, who succeeded his uncle as 4th Earl ; he m . 16 Sept. 1752, Mary, youngest daughter of Amos Meredith, Esq. ; from whom he was separated, and she was allowed a separate maintenance by Act of Parliament. After his Lordship’s decease, she m . 2ndly, Lord Frederick Campbell, 3rd son of John, 4th Duke of Argyll, and was unfortunately burnt to death 25 July 1807. His Lordship being liable to sudden starts of passion, much resembling madness, in one of these shot Mr. Johnson, his steward ; his Peers adjudged him guilty of murder, and he suffered death accordingly on 5th May 1760, leaving no issue. 2 Washington, 5th Earl, d . without issue 1 Oct. 1778; having m . Anne, daughter of-Elliott, Esq., who d . in 1791. 3 Robert, 6th Earl, who d . in 1787, leaving two sons, Robert and Wash¬ ington. He was succeeded by his eldest son, Robert, 7th Earl, b . 21 Sept. 1756, d. 2 May 1827; having in. 1st, 13 March 1778, Elizabeth, daughter of John Prentiss, Esq., who d. 14 Sept. 1799; and 2ndly, 28 Sept. 1799, Elizabeth, youngest daughter of Wrightson Mundy, Esq., who d. 22 Feb. 1827. He had issue by his 1st marriage, Robert-Sewallis, Viscount Tamworth, b . 0 Nov. 1778, d . 6 June 1824, having m. 5 Aug. 1800, the Hon. Sophia-Carolinc Curzon, eldest daughter of Lord Scarsdale. The Earl, dying without surviving issue, was succeeded by his only brother, Washington, the present and 8th Earl. 197 F E V 4 Walter, in Holy Orders, b. 28 Sept. 1725, d. 7 April 178G ; having m. 27 Aug. 176G, Henrietta-Maria, daughter of John Phillips, Esq., who d. 15 Dec. 1792, leaving the issue stated in The Peerage Volume. 5 Admiral Thomas, b. 6 April 1733; m. 1st, 30 March 1773, the widow of Sir Stephen Anderson, Bart. ; 2ndly, G Nov. 1809, Anne, daughter of-Hele, Esq. The Admiral d. 6 April 1814, and his widow re-married Colonel John Tuffnell. FEVERSHAM, BARON. (Duncombe.) Peer of the United Kingdom. Alexander Duncombe, Esq., of Drayton, Co. Bucks, the only son who left issue of William Duncombe, Esq., of Ivinghoe, Co. Bucks, m. in 1465, Mary, daughter of- Pawlye, Esq., of Whitchurch, Co. Bucks, by whom he had, besides other issue, 1 Sir Charles, Lord Mayor of London 1709, d. unm. in 1711, leaving very con¬ siderable estates, in the North and West of England, to the sons of his brother and sister. 2 Anthony, whose only son Anthony, inherited his uncle’s property in the West, and was created in 1747, Lord Feversham, which title became extinct on his death in 1763, without issue male ; his only daughter, Anne, m. Jacob, 2nd Earl of Radnor. 3 51 ary, m. Thomas Browne, Esq., who took the name of Duncombe ; they had issue, Mary, wife of John, Duke of Argyll and Greenwich, and Thomas, heir to his uncle’s estates in Yorkshire ; he d. in 1746, leaving issue : 1 Thomas, d. 25 Nov. 1779, without surviving issue male, having been three times married. His daughter, and at length sole heir, Anne, m. Robert Shafto, of Whitworth, Co. Durham, Esq.; Charlotte, his widow, m. 2ndly, Thomas, 2nd Earl Onslow. 2 Charles-Slingsby Duncombe, Esq., d. 11 Sept. 1803 ; having m. Isabel, daughter of-Soleby, Esq., by whom, who d. 18 April 1800, he had three sons, Charles, Thomas, and Slingsby, who all have issue. Charles Duncombe, Esq., the eldest son, was created in 1826, Baron Fever- sham, of Duncombe Park, and is the present Lord. 198 F I N FIFE, EARL OF. (Duff.) Peer of Ireland and of the United Kingdom. Macduff, Thane of Fife, was created Earl of Fife by Malcolm Canmore. The Earldom vested, in the 13th generation, in Isabel, only daughter of the 12th Earl, who, having no issue by either of her three marriages, resigned it to the King, and obtained a renewed patent, with remainder after herself, to Robert, Duke of Albany, 3rd son of King Robert II., and brother of her 2nd husband Walter Stuart. Upon the attainder of Murdoch, Duke of Albany, son of the above Robert, in 1425, the Earldom was forfeited, and afterwards annexed to the Crown by Act of Parliament, although the male descendants of Hugo, 2nd son of Gillmichael, 4th Earl, still exist. The Earl of Wemyss is his heir male. William, son of William Duff, Esq., of Dipple, descended from the ancient Earls, though the line cannot be precisely traced, was advanced to the Peerage of Ireland, in 1735, by the title of Baron Braco of Kilbride, Co. Cavan, and in 1759 was further created Earl of Fife and Viscount Macduff. He m. 1st, Lady Janet Ogilvie, 2nd daughter of James, 4th Earl of Findlater and Seafield, and widow of Hugh Forbes, Esq., who d. in 1722, without issue; and he in. 2ndly, in 1722, Jean, daughter of Sir James Grant, Bart., by whom, who d. 1G Jan. 1738, he had a nume¬ rous issue. The Earl d. 8 Sept. 1763, and was succeeded by his son James, 2nd Earl, who was created, in 1790, Baron Fife, in the Peerage of Great Britain. He m. 5 June 1759, Lady Dorothea Sinclair, only child of Alexander, 9th Earl of Caith¬ ness, who d. 30 Sept. 1813 ; and he d. without issue 28 Jan. 1809, when the English Barony became extinct, and the Irish Earldom devolved on his brother, Alexander, 3rd Earl, father of James, present and 4th Earl, by whom he was succeeded in 1811, and who was created a Peer of the United Kingdom in 1827, by the title of Baron Fife, Co. Fife. FINGALL, EARL. (Plunkett.) Peer of Ireland and of the United Kingdom. John Plunkett, of Bewley, in the reign of Henry III., had two sons; 1 John, ancestor of Lord Louth ; 2 Richard, whose son, Sir Christopher Plunkett, m. Joan, 199 F I T daughter and heir of Sir Lucas Cusack, Lord of Killeen, Dunsany, and Gerardstown, and is generally considered to have been raised to the Peerage about 1430, but no patent of this creation exists. John, their eldest son, Lord Killeen, was father of Christopher, Lord Killeen, and grandfather of Edmund, summoned to Parliament in 1486 as Baron Killeen, of Killeen Castle, Co. Meath, from whom the Earl descends in the 10th generation; and their younger son, Christopher, was 1st Lord Dunsany, and ancestor of the present Lord Dunsany. Edmund, 1st Baron, rf. in 1510 ; John, his son, 2nd Lord, in 1550; and-was succeeded by his son, Patrick, 3rd Lord, father of Christopher, 4th Lord, who d. without issue male, and of James, 5th Lord, who succeeded his brother, and dying in 1595, was succeeded by his son Christopher, 6th Lord, who d. in 1613. Luke, 7th Lord, who succeeded his father, was created Earl of Fingall, and d. in 1637. He had four sons, of whom the male issue of the 2nd and 3rd are extinct; Christopher, the eldest son, succeeded him; and George, the 4th son, was grand¬ father, by his eldest son James, of Robert, 6th Earl. Christopher, 2nd Earl, d. in 1649, and was successively followed by his son, grandson, and great-grandson, in direct descent, viz.: Luke, 3rd Earl, who d. in 1682 ; Peter, 4th Earl, who d. in 1717 ; and Justin, 5th Earl, on whose death in 1734, without issue, the male line of the 2nd Earl failed. Robert, 6th Earl, son of James Plunkett, the eldest son of George, youngest son of the 1st Earl, succeeded ; he d. in 1738, and was succeeded by his son, Ar- thur-James, 7th Earl, who was b. in July 1731, and d. 21 Aug. 1793 ; having m. 18 March 1755, Henrietta-Maria, only daughter and heir of William Woolascot, Esq., by whom, who d. 12 April 1808, he had the issue stated in The Peerage Volume. llis eldest son Arthur-James, 8th Earl, succeeded him ; he was created Baron Fingall, of Woolhampton Lodge, Co. Berks, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, in 1831, and d. in 1836, when he was succeeded by his only surviving son, Arthur- James, present and 9th Earl. F1TZ-GERALD AND VESEY, BARON. (Vf.sey-Fitz-Gerald.) Peer of Ireland and of the United Kingdom. John Vesey, Lord Archbishop of Tuam, who d. in 1716, had, besides other issue (see De Vesci,) two sons ; Thomas, Lord Bishop of Ossory, father of John, 1st Lord Knapton, grandfather of the present Viscount de Vesci ; and John, Archdeacon of Kilfenora, who m. a daughter of Fielding Shaw, Esq., by whom he had three sons, John, Henry, and Agmondesham. The elder and younger died without issue; and the 2nd son, The Rev. Henry Vesey, m. Mary, daughter and co-heir of George Gerry, Esq., and d. in 1774, leaving by her one son and two daughters, viz.: 1 John Vesey, Esq., of Oranmore, Co. Galway, who succeeded to the estates of his two uncles John and Agmondesham Vesey, and dying unmarried in 1779, be¬ queathed his property to his sisters, with an injunction that their heirs male, to whom his estates might descend, should bear the surname and arms of Vesey. 2 Mary, m. James Irvine, Esq., by whom she had an only son James-John-Vesey Irvine, Esq., who d. unm. in 1804, and a daughter, Mary, m. to Lieut.-Colon el Pole Hickman- V esey. 3 Catherine, m. to the Right Hon. James Fitz-Gerald, formerly prime Serjeant of Ireland and a Privy Councillor for that Kingdom. This gentleman finding him- 200 F I T self in decided opposition to the government on the question of the Union, resigned all his offices under the Crown, and retired from the House of Commons, of which he had been a member in ten successive Parliaments. His Lady was created, in 1826, a Peeress of Ireland, by the title of Baroness Fitzgerald .and Vesey, of Clare and In- chicronan, Co. Clare; and dying in 1832, was succeeded by her eldest son, the Right Hon. William Vesey-Fitz-Gerald, the present Peer, who was created Baron Fitz¬ Gerald, of Desmond and Clan-Gibbon, Co. Cork, in the Peerage of the United King¬ dom, in 1835. FITZ-WILLIAM, EARL. (Wentworth-Fitz-William.) Peer of Ireland and of Great Britain. The ancestor of this noble house was William Fitz-Godric, whose son and heir, William Fitz-William, gave the surname to his descendants. Twelfth in lineal male descent from this William Fitz-William, was Sir John Fitz-William, whose sixth son, John, of Milton, Co. Northampton, was father of Sir William Fitz-William, Sheriff of London in 1506, who was knighted by King Henry VIII., in a manner equally creditable to that Sovereign and his magnanimous subject ; Mr. Fitz-William, who had been a retainer of Car¬ dinal Wolsey in his youth, gave refuge to that Prelate at Milton, after his fall, and on being interrogated by the King on his presuming to entertain so great an enemy to the state, pleaded his gratitude to the Cardinal, his former master, and who had been the chief founder of his fortune. His Majesty, instead of resenting this reply, observed that he had few such servants, knighted him, and made him one of the Privy Council. His grandson. Sir William Fitz-William, was Lord Deputy of Ireland in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, and Constable of Fotheringay Castle at the execu¬ tion of Mary, Queen of Scots, from whom, in acknowledgment of his attention, he received a portrait of her son King James I., which is still in possession of the family. Ilis grandson William Fitz-William, Esq., of Milton, Co. North¬ ampton, created in 1620, Baron Fitz-William, of Lifford, Co. Donegal, in the Peerage of Ireland, d. in 1644, and was succeeded by his son, William, 2nd Lord, who d. in 1658. To him succeeded his son, William, 3rd Lord, created in 1716, Viscount Miltown, Co. Westmeath, and Eaiii. Fitz-Wili.iam, Co. Tyrone ; he d. in 1719, and was succeeded by his son, John, 2nd Earl, to whom followed in 1726, his son William, 3rd Earl. The latter was created in 1742, Lord Fitz- William, Baron of Milton, Co. Northampton, and in 1746, Viscount Milton and Eari. Fitzwilliam, of Norborough, Co. Northampton, all in the Peerage of Great Britain; he was b. 15 Jan. 1719, and d. 10 Aug. 1756; having m. 22 June 1744, Lady Anne Wentworth, eldest sister and co-heir of Charles, 2nd Marquis of Rocking¬ ham, and daughter of Thomas, the 1st Marquis of Rockingham, who was the 2nd son of Edward Watson, 2nd Lord Rockingham by the Lady Anne Wentworth, eldest daughter of Thomas, 1st Earl of Strafford, and sister of William, 2nd Earl of Straf¬ ford, who d. without issue in 1695, leaving by will his estates to his nephew Thomas Watson, afterwards 1st Marquis of Rockingham, who therefore assumed the name and arms of Wentworth. By Lady Anne, the Marquis’s daughter, who d. 30 Aug. 1769, the Earl had a numerous issue, of whom, his eldest son and successor, Wil¬ liam, 4th Earl, having enjoyed the honours of the Peerage nearly seventy-seven 201 F O L years, d . in 1833, in the eighty-fifth year of his age, and was succeeded by his only son, Charles-William, the present and 5th Earl. FOLEY, BARON. (Foley.) Peer of Great Britain. The first of this family on record is Edward Foley, of Stanbridge, Co. Worcester, whose son Richard d. in 1657. The latter was father of Thomas Foley, Esq., who had two sons : 1 Thomas, created Baron Foley of Kidderminster, Co. Worcester, in 1711, which title became extinct on the death of his son Thomas, 2nd Lord, in 1766: 2 Paul, great-grandfather of Thomas Foley, Esq., in whose favour the Peerage was revived. He was b. 10 Aug. 1716, created Baron Foley, of Kidder¬ minster, Co. Worcester, in 1776, and d. 14 Nov. 1777 ; having to. 28 March 1740, Hon. Grace Granville, daughter and co-heir of George, Lord Lansdowne, by whom, who d. 1 Nov. 1769, he had issue: 1 Thomas, his successor, 2nd Lord. 2 Hon. Grace, b. 17 Jan. 1744, d. 9 Jan. 1813 ; having to. 21 May 1774, James Hamilton, late Earl of Clanbrassil, b. 13 Aug. 1729, d. 6 Feb. 1798. 3 Hon. Edward, b. 16 March 1747, d. 22 June 1803; having to. 1st, 20 Oct. 1778, Lady Anne-Margaret Coventry, 2nd daughter of George-William, 6th Earl of Coventry, b. 18 March 1756, from whom he was divorced in May 1787, and she re-m. 15 July 1788, Capt. Samuel Wright. He to. 2ndly, 21 March 1790, Eliza- Maria, daughter anil heir of John Hodgetts, Esq., by whom, who d. 9 July 1805, he had the issue stated in The Peerage Volume. 4 Hon. Andrew, d. 29 July 1818 ; having to. 1773, Elizabeth, only daughter and heir of Boulter Tomlinson, Esq., [by Sarah, daughter of Thomas Foley, Esq., and half-sister of Thomas, 1st Lord,] d. 22 July 1811 : for their issue see The Peerage Volume. 5 Hon. Mary, b. 8 Feb. 1750, m. Richard Clarke, Esq. 6 Hon. Elizabeth, b. 13 Oct. 1756, d. unm. 13 Oct. 1776. 7 Hon. Anne, b. 9 May 1760, d. 9 Dec. 1794 ; having m. 12 Sept. 1776, Sir Edward Winnington, Bart., who was b. 14 Nov. 1749, and d. Jan. 1805. Thomas, 2nd Lord, was b. 7 July 1742, and d. 2 July 1793 ; having to. 15 March 1776, Lady Henrietta Stanhope, 4th daughter of William, 2nd Earl of Har¬ rington, by whom, who d. 2 Jan. 1781, he had issue, besides two sons, Williasn- Charles, and Charles, successively his heirs apparent, who both d. young before him, Thomas, his successor, 3rd Lord, for whom see The Peerage Volume , he d. in 1833, and was succeeded by his eldest son Thomas-Henry, present and 4th Lord. 202 FOR FORBES, BARON. (Forbes.) Peer of Scotland. This ancient family descends from John de Forbes, possessed of the lands of Forbes, in the reign of William the Lion. Alexander de Forbes defended the Castle of Urquhart in 1304, with such obstinacy against King Edwaiid I. that the King, on taking it, put all the garrison to the sword ; but this family was continued by the delivery of Alexander’s wife of a posthumous son, Alexander, who was killed at the battle of Duplin in 1382 ; and had also a posthumous son. Sir John, whoso eldest son was Alexander, 1st Lord, from whom the present Peer is 12th in de¬ scent ; and his 2nd son was William, ancestor of the Lords Forbes of Pitsligo in Scotland, which title was forfeited by the accession of Alexander, 4th Lord, to the rebellion of 1745; his only son, John, Master of Pitsligo, dying without issue in 1781, the line became extinct. Alexander, 1st Lord, d. in 1448, and was succeeded by his son James, 2nd Lord, who had three sons: 1 William, 3rd Lord, his successor ; 2 Duncan, an¬ cestor of the present Sir John Stuart Forbes, of Pitsligo, Bart., and other existing families ; 3 Patrick, ancestor of Sir John Forbes, of Craigievar, Bart., and of the Earl of Granard: see that title. William, 3rd Lord, also left three sons: 1 Alexander, 4th Lord, who taking up arms to revenge the death of King James III., displayed the bloody shirt of the murdered monarch to incite the people to join him ; but after the defeat of the Earl of Lennox at Tillymoss, he submitted to James IV. ; 2 Arthur, 5th Lord, who succeeded, on his brother’s death without issue; and dying also without issue him¬ self, was succeeded by his youngest brother ; 3 John, 6th Lord. His Lordship was, in 1536, committed to the Castle of Edinburgh, with his eldest son, John, Master of Forbes, on an accusation of high treason, and afterwards tried on an indictment, charging both father and son of conspiracy to murder the King, by the shot of a culverin, in Aberdeen, and of other treasonable acts, all comprised within the one charge of aiding the King’s English enemies; the father was fully exculpated and released, after a tedious confinement, but the son was convicted and executed in 1537 ; he d. unm. ; and the 6th Lord was succeeded by his 2nd son, William, 7th Lord ; he d. in 1593, and was succeeded by his eldest son, John, 8th Lord. His eldest son, John, 9th Lord, entered into a religious order abroad, and d. without issue; he was succeeded by his brother, Arthur, 10th Lord; to whom succeeded his son, grandson, and great grandson, Alexander, 11th Lord, William, 12th Lord, and William, 13th Lord. The latter succeeded his father in 1691, and d. in 1716, leaving, besides other issue, 1 William, his successor, 14th Lord, who d. in 1730, leaving an only son, Francis, 15th Lord, who d. in his 13th year, in 1734 ; 2 James, who succeeded his nephew as 16th Lord. He was succeeded, in 1761, by his only son, James, 17th Lord, father of James-Ochoncar, present and 18th Lord, his successor. 203 FOK FORESTER, BARON. (Forester.) Peer of the United Kingdom. This family claims for its patriarch one Richard Forestarius, who lived about the reign of King Henry III. His descendant John Forester, Esq., of Watling-street, Co. Salop, had a grant from King Henry VIII., of the privilege of wearing his hat in the King’s presence ; the original of which grant is now in the possession of Lord Forester. From him descended Francis Forester, Esq., of Dothill, Co. Salop, who m. Mary, daughter of Richard, Lord Newport of High Ercall, Co. Salop, and great aunt of the three last Earls of Bradford of that family. Sir William Forester, his son and heir, m. Lady Mary Cecil, daughter of James, 3rd Earl of Salisbury, and by her was father or William Forester, Esq., who by his marriage in 1714, with Catharine, daughter of William Brook, Esq., had two sons; 1 Brook, d. in 1774, having m. in 1734, Elizabeth, daughter and sole heir of George Weld, Esq., of Willey Park, Co. Salop, by whom he had one son George, who dying unmarried in 181 i, bequeathed his large estates to his cousin the late Lord Forester. 2 Cecil, m. Anne, daughter and co-heir of Robert Townshend, Esq., by whom, who d. 24 May 1825, he was father of 1 Cecil-Weld, created in 1821, Baron Forester of Willey Park, Co. Salop ; he d. in 1828, and was succeeded by his eldest son, John- Georoe-Weld, present and 2nd Lord. 2 Francis Forester, Esq., m. Lady Louisa-Catherine-Barbara Vane, daugh¬ ter of the Marquis of Cleveland, who d. in 1821, leaving issue. FORTESCUE, EARL. (Fortescue.) Peer of Great Britain. His Lordship’s ancestor, Sir Richard Le-Fort, is said to have assumed his family name and motto, from having, with his shield, preserved the life of William the 204 F R A Conqueror, at the battle of Hastings. Sir Adam, a son of Sir Richard, settled at YVriston, Co. Devon, where Adam Fortescue was seated in the reign of King Ed¬ ward I. Sixth in descent from him was Sir John Fortescue, Lord Chief Justice in the reign of King Henry VI., and well known for his legal work entitled “ Do Lau- dibus Legum Anglia;.” He m. Elizabeth, daughter of Sir Miles Stapleton, and by her had a son Martin Fortescue, Esq., who by his wife, Elizabeth, daughter and heir of Richard Deynsell, Esq., of Filleigh, Co. Devon, had two sons ; 1 John, from whom descended in the 5th degree, Hugh Fortescue, Esq; 2 William, ancestor of the late Viscount Clermont. The said Hugh Fortescue, Esq., m. 1st, Bridget, only daughter and heir of Hugh Boscawen, Esq., and co-heiress of the Barony of Clinton ; and 2ndly, Lucy, daugh¬ ter of Matthew, Lord Aylmer. By his 1st marriage he had one son, Hugh, 1st Lord, summoned to Parliament as Baron Clinton, and created in 174(1, Earl Clin¬ ton, and Baron Fortescue, of Castle Hill, Co. Devon, with limitation of the Barony to his half-brother, Matthew, and his issue male. He d. 2 May 1751, when the Earldom became extinct; the Barony of Clinton fell again into abeyance ; and that of Fortescue devolved on Matthew, 2nd Lord, only son of Hugh Fortescue, Esq., by his second marriage. He d. in 1785, and was succeeded by his son Hugh, the present Earl, who was created in 1789, Viscount Ebrington, Co. Gloucester, and Earl Fortescue. FRANKFORT, VISCOUNT. (De-Montmorency.) Peer of Ireland. Redmond, or Reymond Morres, Esq., father of the 1st Viscount, was younger bro¬ ther of Harvey, 1st Viscount Mountmorres, (which article see for his Lordship’s pedigree ;) he d. Aug. 1784, leaving issue, by his wife, Elizabeth, only daughter and heir of Francis Lodge, Esq., 1 Lodge-Evans Morres, Esq., created in 1800, Baron Frankfort of Galmoyc, Co. Kilkenny, and in 1816, Viscount Frankfort de-Montmorency ; he resumed the ancient family name of De-Montmorency in 1815, and dying in 1822, was suc¬ ceeded by his only son, Lodge-Reymond, present and 2nd Viscount. 2 Eleanor, d. 1819; having m. 27 March 1762, Robert Browne, Esq., who is deceased. 3 Frances, m. Andrew Prior, Esq. 4 Elizabeth, m. Ephraim Hutchinson, Esq. 5 Rev. Reymond, m. Mary-Eyre, daughter and heir of Edward D'Alton, Esq. by whom he left issue, see The Peerage Volume. 205 G A G FFRENCH, BARON. (Ffrench.) Peer of Ireland. Ills Lordship is paternally descended from Sir Theophilus Ffrench, who is said to have accompanied William the Conqueror to England. The original settlement of the family in Ireland, was in the County of Wexford, whence they removed to Galway about 1425. Peter-Martin Ffrench, Esq., of Cloher, Co. Galway, living in 157.9, was Hither of Oliver Ffrench, Esq., who had two sons: 1 Sir Oliver, who signed the capitulation of Galway to Cromwell’s forces in 1652, and who d. without issue; 2 Jasper, who built the Castle of Cloher, now called Castle Ffrench, in 1635. Sir Charles Ffrench, of Castle Ffrench, great-grandson ofthis Jasper, was created a Baronet in 1779, and d. in 1784. His widow. Dame Rose Ffrench, daughter of Patrick Dil¬ lon, Esq., of Killeen, Co. Roscommon, descended from the same ancestry as the Earls of Roscommon, was elevated to the Peerage in 1798, by the title of Ba¬ roness Ffrench of Castle Ffrench, Co. Galway, and d. in 1805, when she was suc¬ ceeded by her only son, Thomas, 2nd Lord, to whom, in 1814, succeeded his eldest son, Charles, present and 3rd Lord. GAGE, VISCOUNT. (Gage.) Peer of Ireland and of Great Britain. This family is of Norman extraction. Gaga or Gage, accompanied William the Conqueror to England, and obtained from him lands in the forest of Dean, Co. Gloucester ; he was ancestor of John Gage, living in the reign of King IIenrv IV.; 4th in descent from whom was Sir John Gage, K.G., eminent in the service of King Henry VIII., and of his daughter Queen Mary; he d. in 1555. His grandson. Sir John Gage of Firle, was created a Baronet in 1622, and d. in 1633, leaving four sons, of whom, Thomas, the eldest, succeeded him, and Sir Edward, 3rd son, ancestor GAL of the present Sir Thomas Cage of Hengrave, Baronet, was created a Baronet in 1662. Sir Thomas, the eldest son, was great-grandfather of Sir Thomas Gage, 8th Ba¬ ronet of the 1st creation, who in 1720, was created Viscount Gage of Castle Island, Co. Kerry, and Baron of Castlebar, Co. Mayo; his Lordship d. in 1754, leaving two sons : 1 William-Hall, his successor, 2nd Viscount, who d. without surviving issue, in 1791, having been created in 1780, Baron Gage of Firle, Co. Sussex, in the Peerage of Great Britain, which title became extinct on his death, and in 1790, Baron Gage of High-Meadow, Co. Gloucester, also in the Peerage of Great Britain, with remainder, in default of issue male, to his nephew, Henry Gage, Esq. 2 General Thomas Gage, who d. 2 April 1788, having m. 8 Dec. 1758, Margaret, daughter of Peter Kemble, Esq., by whom, who d. 9 Feb. 1824, he left a son Henry, and the other issue stated in The Peerage Volume. Henry, his eldest son, succeeded his uncle as 3rd Viscount, and in consequence of the limitation of the British Barony of 1790, succeeded to that also ; lie d. in 1808, and was followed by his eldest son, Henry-Hall, present and 4th Viscount. GALLOWAY, EARL. (Stewart.) Peer of Scotland and of Great Britain. Alan Fitz Fleald, a noble Norman, came into England in the suite of William the Conqueror. He had three sons ; 1 William, ancestor of the Fitz-Alans, Earls of Arundel; 2 Walter, who settled in Scotland, and obtained the office of Lord High Steward; 3 Simon, ancestor of the family of Boyd, now represented by the Earl of Errol. Alexander, Gth High Steward of Scotland, great-grandson of Walter, d. in 1283,leaving two sons; 1 James, from whom sprang the Kings of Scotland, extinct in the male line in King James V.; 2 Sir John Stewart of Bonkyll; he was killed at the battle of Falkirk, 22 July 1298, leaving seven sons, the issue of Sir Hugh and Sir Robert, the two youngest of whom have not been ascertained : the five elder sons were, 1 Sir Alexander, from whom descended the extinct Earls of Angus. 2 Sir Alan, grandfather of another Sir Alexander, who had two sons; 1 Sir John, founder of the Royal House of Lennox-Stuart, extinct in Cardinal York, in 1807 ; 2 Sir William of Jedworth (if this latter was not a descendant from Sir John of Jedworth below). 3 Sir Walter Stewart of Dalswinton, whose great grand-daughter and heir m. the ancestor of the Earl of Galloway. 4 Sir James, whose grandson. Sir John, had issue; 1 Robert, founder of the extinct House of Lorn; 2 Sir James, who m. Jane, Queen Dowager of Scotland, widow of King James I., and mother of King James II.; and was ancestor of the Earls of Atholl and Buchan, both extinct in the male line, but from a legitimated son of the latter, the Earl of Traquair descends; 3 Alexander, ancestor of Sir John- Archibald Stewart of Grandtully, Bart,, and of Lord Douglas. 5 Sir John of Jedworth, killed at Ilalidon Hill, 19 July 1333, by some supposed 207 GAL to be grandfather, by his son John, of the Sir William, whose pedigree is otherwise deduced above. This Sir William Stewart, of Jedworth, was father of John, who m. the great- grand-daughter and heir of Sir Walter Stewart of Dalswinton above, and had, be¬ sides other issue ; 1 Sir Alexander, 6th in descent from whom was Alexander, 1st Earl of Galloway, ancestor in the 6th generation of the present Earl ; 2 Thomas, ancestor of Lord Blantyre. Sir Alexander Stewart, of Garlies, was created Lord Garlies, in 1607, and Earl of Galloway in 1623; he d. in 1649, having had two sons; 1 Alexander, Lord Garlies, who d. before him in 1638, leaving one son, Alexander, Lord Garlies, who also d. before his grandfather in 1642. 2 James, his successor, 2nd Earl. lie was father of Alexander, 3rd Earl, who succeeded him in 1671; and left, besides other issue, Alexander, 4th Earl, who d. unm., and James, 5th Earl ; the latter succeeded his brother in 1694, and d. in 1746, when he was succeeded by his son Alexander, 6th Earl; he d. in 1773, having had six sons, of whom Alexander and James, the two eldest, d. unm. before him; John, 3rd son, succeeded as 7th Earl ; George, a Lieutenant in the army, was killed at Triconderoga in 1758; William d. young, and Keith, 6th son, b. in 1739, d. 5 May 1795; having m. 13 May 1782, Georgiana-Isabella, daughter of — Simha d’Aguilar, Esq., by whom, who m. 2ndly, 16 Feb. 1797, Captain Richard Fitzgerald, he had the sons men¬ tioned in The Peerage Volume. John, 7th Earl, was created in 1796, a Peer of Great Britain, by the title of Baron Stewart of Garlies, in the Stewartrv of Kirkcudbright. Where so many are deserving of a panegyric, it is difficult to particularize, yet it is equally, if not more difficult, to pass unnoticed a character so eminent for every domestic, patriotic, and Christian virtue, as this nobleman has left on record; he was b. 15 March 1736, and d. 14 Nov. 1806; having m. 1st, 14 Aug. 1762, Lady Charlotte-Mary Greville, 3rd daughter of Francis, 1st Earl of Warwick, who d. 31 May 1763, leaving an infant son, who did not long survive her ; and the Earl m. 2ndly, 13 June 1764, Anne, 2nd daughter of Sir James Dashwood, Bart., who survived him until 1830, when she d. at the advanced age of 88, having lived to see one hundred and thirty- seven of her own descendants, namely, sixteen children, eighty-six grand-children, and thirty-five great-grand-children. George, Viscount Garlies, their eldest son, succeeded his father, and d. in 1834, when he was succeeded by his eldest son, Ran¬ dolph, the present and 9th Earl. GALWAY, VISCOUNT. (Monckton.) Peer of Ireland. The Viscount is said to be descended from Simon Monckton of Monckton, Co. York, in 1326 ; ancestor of Thomas Monckton, living in the reign of King Henry VI., by whose marriage with Elinor, eldest daughter and co-heir of William Moston, Esq., of Munscote, Co. Warwick, (by his wife Johanna, only' daughter and heir of Sir Thomas Bosvile, by Catherine his wife, only daughter and heir of John De Cavil,) the Lordship of Cavil came to the family of Monckton, by which it is still possessed. Robert Monckton of Cavil, the eldest son of this marriage, was ancestor in the 6th degree of Sir Philip Monckton, who suffered severely during the great 208 G A U Rebellion for bis loyalty, and received from King Charles II. a letter, written by that Prince’s own hand, in 1656, promising that, if God restored him. Sir Philip should share with him. Plis son, Robert Monel;ton, Esq., went over to Holland to King William, and returned with him in 1688. He was father of John Monckton, Esq., created, in 1727, Viscount Galway, and Baron of Killard, Co. Clare. He d. 15 July 1751, having m. 1st, Lady Elizabeth Manners, 3rd daughter of John, 2nd Duke of Rutland, whose sister. Lady Frances, (the Duke's 2nd daughter,) to. Richard Arundel, 2nd son of John, Lord Arundel, of Trerice, (which title became extinct in 1768.) Lady Elizabeth d. 22 March 1730, and the Viscount to. 2ndly, 15 Nov. 1734, Jane, only daughter of Henry Westenra, Esq., who d. in May 1788; his issue were, By 1st marriage, 1 William, 2nd Viscount, who assumed the name of Arundel, pursuant to the will of his maternal aunt. Lady Frances Arundel ; he to. 12 Aug. 1747, Elizabeth, only daughter of Joseph Da Costa Villa Real, Esq., who d. 2 Jan. 1792; for his issue by her see The Peerage Volume; the Viscount dying 18 Nov. 1772, was followed successively by his two sons, Henry-William, 3rd Viscount, who was 5. 15 May 1749, and d. unm. 2 March 1774, and Robert, 4th Viscount. 2 Hon. Robert, a Lieutenant General; he d. Governor of New York 3 May 1782. 3 John, d. an infant. 4 Elizabeth, d. an infant. By 2nd marriage, 5 Hon. John, b. 2 Aug. 1739, d. 3 Jan. 1830, having to. Miss Adams, by whom, who d. 21 Sept. 1803, he had the issue stated in The Peerage Volume. G Hon. Henry, b. 13 Feb. 1740, killed in the American War. 7 Hon. Edward, b. 3 Nov. 1744, d. July 1832, having m. in 1776, the Hon. So¬ phia Pigot, daughter of George, late Lord Pigot ; for Iris issue by her see The Peerage Volume. 8 Hon. Mary, b. 21 May 1746, who still survives, the widow of Edmund, 7th Earl of Cork, to whom she was married 17 April 1786. Robert, 4th Viscount, was b. 4 July 1758, m. 1st, 1 March 1779, Elizabeth, daughter of Daniel Mathew, Esq., who d. 19 Nov. 1801, leaving the issue described in The Peerage Volume. His Lordship m. 2ndly, 24 May 1803, Bridget, only child of Pemberton Millies, Esq. and widow of Peter-Auriol Hay-Drummond, Esq., brother of Robert-Auriol, 9th Earl of Kinnoul; she was b. in 1755, and d. without issue 15 Nov. 1835. The Viscount was succeeded by his eldest son, William- George, 5th Viscount, for whom see The Peerage Volume ; he d. 2 Feb. 1834, and was succeeded by his eldest son George-Edward-Arundel, present and 6th Vis¬ count. GARDNER, BARON. (Gardner.) Peer of Ireland and of the United Kingdom. Theophilus Gardner of Coleraine, Co. Londonderry, was father of Captain William Gardner, who commanded a company in the army of King William III., in defence of the city of Londonderry. Ilis son and heir, William Gardner, Esq., d. 14 Aug. 1762, having to. Elizabeth, daughter and co-heir of Valentine Farrington, M.D., of Preston, Co. Lancaster, by whom he had twelve children. 209 ‘ v GA1I The gallant Admiral, Sir Alan Gardner, their 4th son, was created a Baronet in 1794 ; and for his eminent naval services, particularly in the memorable battle of the 1st of June 1794, was raised to the Irish Peerage, by the title of Baron Gardner of Uttoxeter, in 1800 ; in 1806 he was also created Baron Gardner of Uttoxeter, Co. Stafford, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. He was b. 12 April 1742, m. 20 May 1769, Susannah Hyde, only daughter and heir of Francis Gale, Esq., by whom, who was b. in 1749, and d. in April 1823, he had the issue mentioned in The Peerage Volume , and others who d. young. His Lordship d. 30 Dec. 1808, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Alan-Hyde, 2nd Lord, a warrant issued for whose creation to the dignity of Viscount of the United Kingdom was published in the Gazette, but his Lordship dying 27 Dec. 1815, before the patent had passed the Great Seal, it never took effect. He was succeeded by his infant son, Alan-Legge, the present and 3rd Lord, the issue of his second marriage, whose right was con¬ firmed by a vote in the House of Lords on an appeal from Henry-Fenton Gardner, otherwise Jadies, the son of the 2nd Lord’s divorced wife by Mr. Jadies. GARVAGH, BARON. (Canning.) Peer of Ireland. This family originated in England, and had been seated at Foxcote, in Warwick¬ shire, since the marriage, in the time of Henry VI., of Thomas Canning, with the heiress of the Le-Marshalls ; the elder branch still continues there represented by Francis Canning, Esq. ; 12th in descent from the said Thomas Canning. George Canning, Esq., son of Richard Canning, Esq., of Foxcote, having removed into Ire¬ land in the time of Queen Elizabeth, settled at Garvagh, Co. Londonderry, and d. in 1646 ; he was father of William, and grandfather of George Canning, Esquires, of Garvagh ; the latter of whom was father of another George, Lieutenant-Colonel of the Londonderry Militia, who, by his marriage with Abigail, daughter of Robert Stratford, Esq., of Baltinglass, and aunt of John, 1st Earl of Aldborough, had a son, Stratford Canning, Esq., of Garvagh, who m. Letitia, daughter and heir of Oba- diah Newburgh, Esq,, of Ballyhaise, Co. Cavan, and d. 30 Sept. 1775, having had by her three sons, viz.: 1 George, whom he disinherited, and who d. before him, 11 April 1771, father of the late Right Hon. George Canning, whose widow is the present Viscountess Canning. 2 Paul, who succeeded his father at Garvagh, and d. in Nov. 1784, leaving by his marriage with Jane, 2nd daughter of Conway Spencer, Esq., and sister of the late General Sir Brent Spencer, G.C.B., who was b. in 1753, and d. 24 Oct. 1825, an only surviving son, George, the present Peer; created, in 1818, Baron Gar¬ vagh of Garvagh, Co. Londonderry. 3 Stratford, who d. in May 1787, leaving besides other issue, the Right Hon. Sir Stratford Canning, G.C.B., successively his Majesty’s Envoy and Ambassador Ex¬ traordinary and Plenipotentiary, to the Swiss and American Republics, to the Porte, and to the Courts of St. Petersburg and Madrid ; he m. 3 Sept. 1825, Eliza-Char- lotte, eldest daughter of James Alexander, Esq., cousin to the Earl of Caledon, and has issue. 210 G L A GIFFORD, BARON. (Gifford.) Peer of the United Kingdom. Robert Gifford, Esq., a native of the city of Exeter, where his mother d. at the advanced age of 88, 1 Dec. 1828, worked his way by his legal talents and political integrity, to the dignity of the Peerage, to which he was elevated by the title of Baron Gifford of St. Leonard’s, Co. Devon, in 1824, on occasion of his appoint¬ ment as Lord Chief Justice of the Court of Common Pleas. He was brought up to the bar, and distinguishing himself early by his knowledge and ability, became a Bencher of the Middle Temple; he was appointed Solicitor-General in May 1817. Attorney-General in July 1819, Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas in January 1824, and finally Master of the Rolls, and Deputy Speaker of the House of Lords, in April following; which latter important offices he retained till his lamented death in September 1826 ; he was also Recorder of Bristol. He was succeeded in the Peerage by his minor son, Robert-Francis, the present and 2nd Lord. GLASGOW, EARL OF. (Boyle.) Peer of Scotland and of the United Kingdom. This family was seated at Kelburn, Co. Ayr, as early as the reign of King Alex¬ ander III. ; 7th in descent from John Boyle of Kelburn, who was killed in the battle of Bannockburn, in 1488, was David Bovi.e of Kelburn, created Lord Boyle of Kelburn, Stewartoun, Cumbra, Largs, and Dairy, in 1699 ; and farther created, in 1703, Earl of Glasgow, Viscount of Kelburn, and Lord Boyle of Stewartoun, Cumbraes, Finnick, Largs, and Dairy. His Lordship, on the alarm of invasion by the Pretender in 1715, raised, and throughout the ensuing rebellion, maintained at his own expense, a regiment of 1000 men for the service of the Government. He d. in 1733, and was succeeded by his eldest son, John, 2nd Earl, who 73. Baroness Petersfield, Co. Southampton, Countess of Fareham, Co. Hants, and Duchess of Portsmouth for life, titles which became extinct on her death in 1734. Charles Lennox, her only son, b. 29 July 1(172, was created, in Aug. 1(175, Baron of Settrington, Earl of March, and Duke of Richmond ; and in Sept, following, Baron Methuen of Torbolton, Earl of Darnley, and Duke of Lennox, in the Peerage of Scotland. From a fancy of the Duchess of Ports¬ mouth in dressing her son, a part of the present costume of the order of the Garter is derived. The blue ribbon of the Order had been worn till that time, as it is still seen in ancient portraits, round the neck of the Knight, with the George pendant from it: but this young Duke having been elected a Knight of the Order in 1681, was presented by his mother to the King with the ribbon over his left shoulder, and the George pendant on the right side ; which novel fashion pleased his Majesty so well that he gave commands for the ribbon to be henceforth worn in this manner by all the Knights. The Duke d. in 1723, and was succeeded by his only son Charles, 2nd Duke, K.G., who d. in 1750 ; leaving two sons, viz. 1 Charles, 3rd Duke, K.G., his successor, who d. without issue in 1806; and 2 Lord George-Henry Lennox, who was b. 29 Nov. 1737, and d. 22 March 1805, having m. 25 Dec. 1759, Lady Louisa-Mary Kerr, eldest daughter of William-Henry, 4th Marquis of Lothian, who d. 25 Dec. 1830 ; by whom he left the three daughters mentioned in The Peerage Volume , and one son, Charles, 4th Duke, K.G., who succeeded his uncle in 1806, m. Lady Charlotte Gordon, eldest daughter of Alexander, 4th Duke of Gordon, and co-heir of her brother, George, 5th and last Duke of Gordon, and d. in 1819, when he was succeeded by his eldest son Charles, present and 5th Duke, K.G., who has assumed the additional name of Gordon. His Grace is also Duke of Aubigny in France, a title which had been borne by the Dukes of Richmond and Lennox of the House of Stuart, and which was granted in 1684, by Louis XIV., King of France, to the Duchess of Portsmouth, with re¬ mainder to her son, Charles, Duke of Richmond, and his heirs male. 409 R I V RIPON, EARL OF. (Robinson.) Peer of the United Kingdom. This noble Peer, the Right Hon. Frederick-John Robinson, formerly Chancellor of the Exchequer, and, since his elevation to the Peerage, First Lord of the Treasury in 1827, was created, in April 1827, Viscount Goderich of Nocton, Co. Lincoln, and Earl of Ripon, Co. York, in 1833. He is younger brother of Earl de Grey, and 2nd son of Thomas, 2nd Lord Grantham, by Lady Mary-Jemima Yorke, sister and heir of the late Countess de Grey, and 2nd daughter of Philip, 2nd Earl of Hardwicke, by Lady Jemima Campbell, grand-daughter and sole heir of Henry Grey, Duke of Kent, and 12th Earl of Kent, who had been created, in 1706, Viscount Goodericli of Gooderich Castle, Co. Hereford, Earl of Harold, and Marquis of Kent. The Duke d. in 1740, when the titles of Marchioness de Grey and Baroness Lucas devolved on his grand-daughter, and all his other titles became extinct. For other particulars of his Lordship's pedigree see the article De Grey. RIVERS, BARON. (Pitt-Rivers.) Peer of the United Kingdom. John Pitt, Esq., Clerk of the Exchequer in the reign of Elizabeth, was father of Sir William, his eldest son ; and of Thomas, 3rd son, ancestor of the Earl of Chatham. The 5th in descent from Sir William Pitt was George Pitt, Esq., created, in 1776, Baron Rivers of Strathfieldsaye ; and in 1802 Baron Rivers of Sudeley Castle, Co. Gloucester, with remainder, in default of issue male, to the issue male of his daughter Louisa, by reter Beckford, Esq. His Lordship was h. in 1720, and d. 7 May 1803 ; having in. 4 Jan. 1746. Penelope, daughter and heir of Sir Richard Atkins, Bart., by whom, who d. 8 Feb. 1795, he had issue : 410 II I V 1 George, 2nd Lord, b. 19 Sept. 1751, d. 20 July 1828, when he was succeeded by his nephew, the present Lord. 2 Hon. Penelope, m. 1st, Jan. 1767, Edward Earl Ligonier; this marriage was dissolved in 1772, and she m. 2ndly, in 1784, Capt. Smith. 3 Hon. Louisa, d. 4 May 1791, having m. 21 March 1773, Peter Beckford, Esq., by whom she had a daughter—see The Peerage Volume —and one son, Horace-William Beckford, Esq., who succeeded his uncle as 3rd Lord, assumed for himself, and his successors only, the name of Pitt-Rivers, and that of Pitt for the rest of his issue. He was unfortunately drowned in 1831, and was succeeded by his eldest son George, the present and 4th Lord. 4 Hon. Marcia-Lucy, b. 29 March 1756, d. 5 Aug. 1822, having m. 23 July 1789, James Fox-Lane, Esq., who is also deceased. RIVERSDALE, BARON. (Tonson.) Peer of Ireland. Richard Tonson, Esq., having settled in Ireland in the reign of Charles I., was distinguished for his exertions in the Royal cause during the great rebellion. He purchased the castle and lands of Spanish Island in the County of Cork, obtained a grant of the arms of Tonson from Sir Richard Carney, Ulster King of Arms, in 1656. He d. in 1693; having m. Elizabeth, sister of Thomas Becher of Sherkin, Co. Cork, by whom he had his son and heir, Henry Tonson, Esq. ; who, having espoused the cause of Protestantism and the Revolution, was attainted by King James’s Parliament held in Dublin, in 1689, but restored to his estates after the close of the civil war in Ireland by King William. He m. Elizabeth, 2nd daughter of Sir Richard Hull, a Judge of the Common Pleas and d. in 1703. Richard, his son and heir, represented the borough of Baltimore in Parliament during forty-six years, and d. in 1773 ; having m. 1st, Elizabeth, daughter of Henry Tynte, Esq.; and 2ndly, Peniel, daughter of Colonel Gates, and widow of Michael Becher, Esq., of Affadown, Co. Cork. By his second marriage he was father of William Tonson, Esq., who was created, in 1783, Baron Riversdai.e of Rath- cormac, Co. Cork; he d. in 1787, and was succeeded by his eldest son, William, present and 2nd Lord. 411 ROD RODEN, EARL OF. (Jocelyn.) Peer of Ireland and of the United Kingdom. The patriarch of this family was Egidius de Jocelyn, a nobleman of Britany, who came into England in the reign of Edward the Confessor. His son, Sir Gilbert Jocelyn, obtained from William the Conqueror grants of Sempringham and other manors in the county of Lincoln. He left two sons, Gilbert and Geoffrey. Gilbert, the eldest son, retired from secular life and founded the Cistercian Monastery at Sempringham, and the Monkish Order of Gilbertines; and dying in 1186 was canonized by Pope Innocent III. Geoffrey, his brother, inherited the estates and continued the line. He was ancestor in the 7th generation of Thomas Jocelyn, who in 1249 m. Maud, daughter and co-heir of Sir John Hyde of Hyde Hall, Co. Hertford, which marriage brought Hyde Hall into the family, and it is still possessed by the Earl of Roden. His descendant in the 13th degree, Sir Robert Jocelyn, created a Baronet in 1665, was father of Sir Strange, whose male issue failed in 1770, and of Thomas, father of Robert Jocelyn, Lord High Chancellor of Ireland, who was created Baron Newport of Newport, Co. Tipperary, in 1743, and Viscount Jocelyn, in 1755 ; he d. in 1756, and was succeeded by his son, Robert, 2nd Viscount, who was created Earl of Roden in 1771; he d. in 1797, having m. Lady Anne Hamilton, eldest daughter of James, 1st Earl of Clan- brassill, and sister and heir of James, 2nd Earl, on whose death, 6 Feb. 1798, that title became extinct; and by her had Robert, 2nd Earl of Roden, his eldest son and successor, and the other issue stated in The Peerage Volume. The 2nd Earl d. in 1820, and was succeeded by his eldest son Robert, present and 3rd Earl, who in 1821 was created Baron Clanbrassill of Hyde Hall, Co. Herts, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. RODNEY, BARON. (Rodney.) Peer of Great Britain. The first ancestor of this family on record is Walter Rodney, to whom the Empress Maud, daughter of King Henry I., granted lands in the counties of Somerset, 412 R O K Devon, and Cornwall. The elder branch of the house was seated at Stoke Rodney in Somersetshire, in the reign of King Edward II., and so continued till that estate was carried by the marriage of co-heiresses into other families about the middle of the seventh century. Henry Rodney, Esq., of Walton-upon-Thames, Co. Surrey, descended from a junior of the family of Rodney Stoke, d. 25 Dec. 1737, having m. Mary, daughter and co-heir of Sir Henry Newton, LL.D., Judge of the Admiralty Court, and by her was father of The gallant Admiral, Sir George-Brvdges Rodney, K.B.; who was created Baronet in 1764, in consequence of the reputation he had acquired in the bom¬ bardment of Havre de Grace and the reduction of Martinique. Being called into action again on the resumption of hostilities with France and Spain in consequence of the American war, he gained immortal glory by his victories over the Spanish Admiral, Don Juan de Langara, off Cape St. Vincent in 1780, and the French Ad¬ miral, Comte de Grasse, in the West Indies, in 1782 ; in which latter year he was raised to the Peerage, in recompense of his distinguished naval services, by the title of Baron Rodney of Stoke Rodney, Co. Somerset; he was b. Feb. 1718, m. 1st, 2 Feb. 1753, Jane, 2nd daughter of the Hon. Charles Compton, and sister of Charles, 7th, and Spencer, 8th Earls of Northampton, by whom he was father of George, 2nd Lord, his successor, and a 2nd son, James ; she d. 28 Jan. 1757, and he m. 2ndly, Henrietta, daughter of John Clies, Esq., by whom, who was b. 13 March 1744, and d. 28 Feb. 1829, he had the other issue stated in The Peerage Volume. George, 2nd Lord, d. in 1802, and was followed by his eldest son George, pre¬ sent and 3rd Lord. ROKEBY, BARON. (Montagu.) Peer of Ireland. William Robinson settled at Kendal, Co. Westmoreland, in the reign of Henrv VIII., and was great-grandfather of Thomas Robinson, Esq., Barrister-at law, who had issue, 1 William, grandfather of William Robinson, Esq., who had three sons ; 1 Sir Thomas, created a Baronet in 1730, with remainder to his brothers and their issue male, and failing them to his kinsman, Matthew Robinson, Esq., and his issue male ; 2 Sir William, who succeeded as 2nd Baronet, and also d. without issue ; 3 Richard, Archbishop of Armagh, and 3rd Baronet, who was created, in 1777, Baron Rokeby of Armagh, with remainder, failing his issue male, to his kinsman, the same Matthew Robinson, Esq., and his issue male ; he d. unm. 10 Oct. 1794. 2 Sir Leonard, grandfather of the said Matthew Robinson, Esq., of West Layton, Co. York, on whom the Baronetage and Peerage were entailed, and who d. in 1778, having had issue, 1 Matthew, 2nd Lord ; he succeeded 10 Oct. 1794, and d. unm. 30 Nov. 1800. 2 Thomas, who d. unm. 3 Morris Robinson, Esq., who d. 17 Oct. 1777 ; having m. Jane, eldest daughter of John Greenland, Esq., by whom, who d. 7 Sept. 1810, he had two sons : 1 Morris, 3rd Lord, who succeeded his uncle in 1800, and if. in 1829, unm.; 2 Matthew, 413 KOI who assumed the name of Montagu ; he succeeded his brother as 4th Loan, and d. in 1831, when he was succeeded by his eldest son, Edward, present and 5th Lord. 4 Robert, who d. unm. in China. 5 The Rev. William Robinson, who was b. in 1728, and d. 8 Dec. 1803 ; leaving issue by his marriage in 1760, with Mary, daughter of Adam Richardson, Esq., the issue stated in The Peerage Volume. C John. 7 Charles Robinson, Esq., who d. 31 March 1807, leaving by his marriage with Mary, 2nd daughter of John Greenland, Esq., and widow of Richard Dawkes, Esq., who d. in June 1798, an only daughter. —See The Peerage Volume. 8 Elizabeth, who d. 25 Aug. 1800, widow of Edward Montagu, Esq., of Newbold- Vemon, Co. Leicester, son of the Hon. Charles Montagu, 5th son of Edward, 1st Earl of Sandwich ; she left a large estate to her nephew Matthew, afterwards 4th Lord, who at her desire took the name of Montagu in 1776. 9 Sarah, m. George-Lewis Scott, Esq. ROLLE, BARON. (Rolle.) Peer of Great Britain. George Rolle, of an ancient Dorsetshire family, an eminent merchant of London, was an extensive purchaser of Abbey lands at the Reformation, and having settled at Stevenstone, in Devonshire, d. in 1552 ; his family was divided into three lines, of which only one survives, by his three sons following: 1 John Rolle, Esq., of Stevenstone, whose male line failed in 1647. 2 George, he m. Margaret, daughter and heir of Edmund Marrais, Esq., of Mar- rais, Co. Cornwall, and by her had a son Andrew Rolle, Esq., of Marrais, whose son Sir John succeeded to the estate of Stevenstone in 1647, on the extinction of the elder line, and was ancestor of the present Lord. 3 Henry, who m. Mary, daughter and heir of Robert Yeo, of Heanton, Co. Devon, and founded the line of Rolle of Heanton, which, in the fifth generation, terminated in an heiress, the 14th Baroness Clinton, (see the article Clinton,) after having produced a cadet of the family, Henry Rolle, Esq., Lord Chief Justice, in 1645, of the King’s, or as it was called during the interregnum, the Common Bench, and a Counsellor of Oliver Cromwell. Sir John Rolle of Stevenstone, grandson of the above George Rolle, Esq., being a zealous Royalist, was made a Knight of the Bath at the Coronation of King Charles II. He d. at an advanced age in 1706, one of the wealthiest Commoners in England ; having survived his son, whose two sons, Robert and John, successively inherited their grandfather’s estate. John Rolle, Esq., the younger and last survivor of these brothers, left, besides other issue, who had no posterity, two sons, Henry and Denis. Henry, the eldest son, was created, in 1748, Baron Rolle of Stevenstone, Co. Devon, which title became extinct on his death without issue in 1750 ; and the younger son, Denis, was father of John, the present Lord, in whose favour the Peerage was revived by the same title in 1796. 414 ROM ROLLO, BARON. (Rollo.) Peer of Scotland. Rollo, the .ancestor of this family, came into England with William the Conqueror '■> his descendant, Richard de Rollo, settled in Scotland in the reign of King David I.; and John de Rollo, from whom his Lordship’s lineal descent is deduced, d. in the beginning of the 15th century. Eighth in descent from him was Andrew Rollo, of Duncrub, a faithful adherent to Charles I. in the civil war ; he was created Lord Rollo of Duncrub in 1651. Sir William Rollo, his 5th son, was taken pri¬ soner in Montrose’s army at the battle of Philiphaugh, and executed at Edinburgh 28 Oct. 1645. James, 2nd son of the 1st Lord, succeeded as 2nd Lord, and d. in 1669, when his eldest son, Andrew, 3rd Lord, succeeded ; he d. in 1700, and was succeeded by his only surviving son, Robert, 4th Lord, who assisted at the great council of the Jacobites in 1715, but, forbearing to take up arms, escaped forfeiture. He d. in 1758, leaving, besides other issue, three sons, viz. : 1 Andrew, 5th Lord, a distinguished military officer, who d. 2 June 1765, with¬ out surviving issue ; having ra. 1st, Catherine, eldest daughter and co-heir of Lord James Murray, who d. 28 July 1763; and 2ndly, 16 Feb. 1765, Elizabeth, daughter of James Moray, Esq., who d. 6 May 1781. 2 John, 6th Lord, who succeeded his brother, and d. 26 March 1783; having m. 1st, Cecilia, daughter of James Johnston, Esq., of Edinburgh ; and 2ndly, Miss Jane Watson of Aberdeen, who d. without issue 9 April 1784. He was succeeded by his son, by the 1st marriage, James, 7th Lord, to whom, in 1784, succeeded his son John, present and 8th Lord. 3 Clement, who d. 14 Jan. 1762, having m. Mary-Emily, eldest daughter of John Irvine, Esq., by whom he had the issue stated in The Peerage Volume. ROMNEY, EARL OF. (Marsham.) Peer of the United Kingdom. This family takes its name from the town of Marsham, in Norfolk. Thomas de Marsham, who d. in 1103, was ancestor in the 9th degree of Thomas Marsham, an Alderman of London, who d. in 1624. 415 R O S His son. Sir John Marsham, a zealous Royalist, lost considerable property in the civil wars, and was created a Baronet in 1663. He cl. in 1685, leaving two sons, 1 Sir John, his successor, whose only son and heir, Sir John, 3rd Baronet, d. a minor and unm. in 1696. 2 Sir Robert, who succeeded his nephew as 4th Baronet, and was followed, in 1703, by his son Sir Robert Marsham, 5th Baronet, who was created, in 1716, Baron Romney, of Romney, Co. Kent, and d. in 1724. His son and successor, Robert, 2nd Lord, was b. 22 Aug. 1712, and 14 Nov. 1793; having m. in Aug. 1742, Priscilla, only daughter and heir of Charles Pymm, Esq., by whom, who d. 27 Feb. 1771, he had issue: 1 Hon. Robert-Pymm, b. 27 April 1743, d. 20 Nov. 1762. 2 Charles, his successor, the 1st Eari.. 3 Hon. John, b. 1748, d. young. 4 Hon. Priscilla, b. 30 Dec. 1750, d. 2 May 1804. 5 Hon. Elizabeth, b. 9 Feb. 1751, d. 12 May 1828. 6 Hon. Frances, b. 2 April 1755, d. 24 Sept. 1821. 7 Hon. Shovel, b. 1757, d. young. 8 Hon. and Very Rev. Jacob, Canon of Windsor, b. 28 Feb. 1759, m. 28 June 1784, Amelia-Frances, only child of Joseph Bullock, Esq.; for their issue see The Peerage Volume , 9 Hon. Harriot, b. 1760, d. young. 10 Hon. Charlotte, b. 12 Nov. 1761, d. 14 Jan. 1794 ; having m. 5 July 1792, John Coker, Esq. Charles, the eldest surviving son, 3rd Lord, succeeded his father; he was created, in 1801, Viscount Marsham of the Mote, and Earl of Romney, and d. in 1811, when he was succeeded by his only son, Charles, present and 2nd Earl. ROSCOMMON, EARL OF. (Dillon.) Peer of Ireland. His Lordship is of the same ancestry with Lord Viscount Dillon —see that title in this Volume; 9th in descent from Thomas Dillon, last Duke of Aquitaine of this family, was Gerald Dillon, of Drumrany, father of 1 Maurice, ancestor of Viscount Dillon. 2 Sir James Dillon, of Proudstown, whose son, Sre Robert, was father of 1 Richard, ancestor of Sir Charles Drake Dillon, of Lismullen, Bart.; 2 Gerald, ancestor of Lord Clonbrock ; 3 Sir James, great-grandfather of Sir James Dillon, who was created, in 1619, Baron of Kilkenny West, and in 1622, Earl of Roscommon; he d. in 1641, leaving seven sons, viz. ; 1 Robert, 2nd Earl, whose male issue failed in 1746 on the death of the 8th Earl. 2 Lucas, great-grandfather of Robert, 9th Earl ; his male line also became extinct on the death of the 11th Earl, in 1816. 3 Thomas ; 4 Christopher; 5 George ; 6 John—from none of whom is there any male issue. 7 Patrick, ancestor, in the 5th generation, of the present Earl. 416 It o s Robert, '2nd Earl, the eldest son, succeeded his father; he < 1 . in 1G4‘2, leaving two sons: 1 James, 3rd Earl, who d. in 1649, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Went¬ worth, 4th Earl, the celebrated poet, who d. without issue in 1684. 2 Cary, 5th Earl, who succeeded his nephew; he d. in 1689, and was succeeded by his son Robert, 6th Earl, who d. in 1715, leaving two sons : 1 Robert, 7th Earl, his successor, who d. without issue in 1721 ; and 2 James, 8th Earl, who succeeded his brother, and d. unm. in 1746, when the whole male issue of the 2nd Earl became extinct. Lucas, 2nd son of the 1st Earl, left a son James, father of Patrick Dillon, Esq., who had, besides other issue, two sons, viz.: 1 Robert, who succeeded as 9th Earl, on the extinction of the male line of the 2nd Earl, and d. unm. in 1770. 2 John, 10th Earl, who succeeded his brother ; he d. in 1782, and was succeeded by his only son Patrick, 11th Earl ; on whose death, without issue male, in 1816, the male line of Lucas, 2nd son of the 1st Earl, became extinct. Patrick, 7th son of the 1st Earl, was father of James Dillon of Rath, whose two elder sons were Edward and Michael ; Edward left a son Robert, who claimed the Roscommon title before the Irish House of Peers, but d. unm. Michael left a son James, who was father of Michael Dillon, Esq., Captain in the County of Dublin Militia, who was killed by the Irish rebels at the battle of Ross, 5 June 1798 ; having m. Mary, daughter of the Rev. Richard Griffith, the only issue of which marriage was a posthumous son, Michael-James-Robert Dillon, in favour of whose claim, after a long and laborious investigation, the House of Lords decided 19 June 1828. He is the present and 12th Earl. ROSEBERY, EARL OF. (Primrose.) Peer of Scotland and of the United Kingdom. This family derives its surname from the lands of Primrose, in Fife. Duncan Primrose, was settled at Culross, Co. Perth, in the reign of Queen Mary. Ilis great grandson. Sir Archibald Primrose of Carrington, was a zealous Royalist in the Civil War of King Charles I. lie was taken prisoner at the battle of Philiphaugh in 1645, tried by the Parliament, and found guilty of high treason, but, by the intervention of the Marquis of Arg 3 - ll, his life was spared ; he was set at liberty in the following year, in consequence of Montrose’s capitulation, by which indemnity was granted to his followers, and permission to himself, to quit the kingdom. Sir Archibald accompanied King Charles II. in his expedition into England, was created a Ilaro- net in 1651, and had his estates sequestrated in consequence of the unfortunate result of the battle of Worcester. After the restoration, he was appointed Lord Register of Scotland, and constituted a Lord of Session by the style of Lord Car¬ rington. He d. in 1679, leaving, besides other issue, the two sons following: 1 Sir William, whose son, James, was created Viscount Primrose, Lord Prim¬ rose and Castlefield, in 1703, which titles became extinct in 1741, on the death of his 2nd son Hugh, 3rd Viscount. 2 Archibald, created, in 1700, Viscount Rosebery, Lord Primrose and Dalmcnj-, 417 E E ROS to him anil the heirs male of his body, which failing, to the heirs female of his body and, in 1703, Earl of Rosebery, with the same limitation ; he <1. in 17—3. James, ‘2nd Earl, his only surviving son, succeeded to the Earldom, and in 1741 inherited the family estates and the Baronetcy, on the death of his cousin, Hugh, 3rd Viscount Primrose. He d. in 1756, and was succeeded by his only sur¬ viving son Neil, 3rd Earl, who was succeeded, in 1814, by his eldest son Archi¬ bald-Job n, present and 4th Earl; who was created, in 1828, Baron Rosebery of Rosebery, Co. Edinburgh, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. ROSSE, EARL OF. (Parsons.) Peer of Ireland. Of this family, which settled in Ireland early in the 17th century, were two bro¬ thers : Sir William Parsons, Bart., appointed one of the Lords Justices of Ireland in 1641 ; and Sir Laurence, a Baron of the Exchequer of Ireland, ancestor in the 7th generation of the present Earl. Sir Richard Parsons, grandson of Sir William, the elder brother, was created, in 1681, Baron Oxmantown and Viscount Rosse ; and his son Richard, 2nd Viscount, was created Earl of Rosse in 1706 ; these titles all became extinct in 1764, by the death of Richard, 2nd Earl, son of the 1st Earl. Sir Laurence Parsons, the younger brother, d. in 1628 ; and his son William in 1653. The latter was father of Sir Laurence Parsons of Birr Castle, who was created a Baronet in 1677, and d. in 1698. His son and heir, Sir William, d. in 1740, and having survived his eldest son William, was succeeded by his grandson, Sir Laurence, 3rd Bart.; he had two sons, viz. 1 Sir William, father of Sir Laurence, who succeeded him as 5th Baronet in 1791, and succeeded his uncle as 2nd Earl in 1807. 2 Laurence-Harman, created, in 1792, Baron Oxmantown, Co. Dublin, with remainder, in default of male issue, to his nephew Sir Laurence Parsons, Bart, ; Viscount Oxmantown 1795 ; and in 1806 Earl of Rosse, with the same remainder as the Barony; these titles, at his death, devolved on his nephew Laurence, the present and 2nd Earl, and that of Viscount became extinct. 418 R O S ROSSLYN, EARL OF. (Sr. Clair-Erskine.) Peer of the United Kingdom. The Earl descends from a collateral branch of the Earl of Marr’s family, being 4th in descent from the Hon. Sir Charles Erskine of Alva, 4th son of John, 7th Earl of Marr; whose grandson, Sir John Erskine, Bart., m. Catherine, 2nd daughter and eventually heir of Ilenry, 8th Lord Sinclair, which Catherine was the lineal represen¬ tative of the ancient family of St. Clair of Rosslyn, formerly Earls of Orkney. Sir William St. Clair, of Rosslyn, m. in the reign of King David II., Isabel, daughter and co-heir of Malise, Earl of Strathem, Caithness, and Orkney ; their son Henry obtained the Earldom of Orkney, and was grandfather of William, 3rd Earl, who surrendered his Earldom to the King, and had a grant, in 1455, of that of Caithness, which he resigned to William, his son by a second marriage, from whom the present Earl of Caithness descends in the male line, passing over another William, the only son of the first marriage. This William, the elder son, was father of Henry, created Lord Sinclair in 1489; 5th in direct male descent from whom was John, 7th Lord, whose daughter and sole heir, Catherine, m. in 1659, John Sinclair, Esq., of Herdmanstown, and their son Henry succeeded his grandfather as 8th Lord Sinclair, and he obtained a confirmation of that dignity to his heirs male whatever. He was father of the two following Lords, and of several other children, of whom Catherine, the 2nd daughter and eventual heiress of the property, (her elder sister’s male issue having failed,) was the wife, as above described, of Sir John Erskine of Alva, Bart., but there are descendants still existing from three of her sisters. Their son, Lieut.-General Sir Henry Erskine of Alva, Bart., m. Janet, daughter of Peter Wedderburn, Esq., of Chesterhall, Co. Midlothian, and sister of Alexander, 1st Earl of Rosslyn, and d. in 1765, leaving by her two sons; viz., 1 Sir James-Sinclair Erskine, Bart., his successor, the present Earl. 2 John, who d. 10 Feb. 1817, having m. in Dec. 1802, Mary, 3rd daughter of Sir John Mordaunt, Bart., who d. 17 July 1821. Alexander Wedderburn, 1st Earl, and Lord High Chancellor, was son of Peter Wedderburn, a Lord of Session, by the style of Lord Chesterhall; he was h. 13 Feb. 1733, created Baron Loughborough of Loughborough, Co. Leicester, in 1780, and again, in 1795, Baron Loughborough of Loughborough. Co. Surrey, with remainder to the heirs male of his sister Janet; also Earl of Rosslyn in 1801, with the same remainder. He d. 2 Jan. 1805, having m. 1st, 31 Dec. 1767, Betty-Anne, only daughter and heir of John Dawson, Esq., who d. 15 Feb. 1781 ; and 2ndly, 12 Sept. 1782, the Hon. Charlotte Courtenay, daughter of William, 1st Viscount Courtenay. The Earl was succeeded, according to the limitation of the patent, by his nephew. Sir James-Sinclair Erskine. of Alva, Bart., the 2nd Earl ; who d. in 1837, and was followed by his only surviving son, James-Alexander, present and 2nd Earl. 419 E K HOT ROSSMORE, BARON. (Westenka.) Peer of Ireland. His Lordship descends from the very ancient family of Van Wassenaer of Holland, of which three brothers, Warner, Derrick, and Peter, settled in Ireland in the reign of Charles I., and became free Denizens of that kingdom by Act of Parliament in 1662. Warner Westenra, the eldest brother, having purchased considerable estates in Ireland d. in 1676. His son Henry was attainted by King James’s Irish Par¬ liament in 1689, for his adherence to the Revolution, but obtained the restoration of his inheritance in the reign of William III. He d. in 1719, and was succeeded by his son, Warner, whose son and heir Henry Westenra, Esq., m. Harriet, 5th daughter of Colonel John Murray, by whom he had two sons, Warner-William Lord Rossmore, and Henry. Robert Cuxinghame, 1st Lord, was b. 3 Aug. 1735, m. 29 May 1754, Elizabeth, 2nd daughter of Colonel John Murray (and co-heir of her mother Mary, only daughter and heir of Sir Alexander Cairnes, Bart., widow, without issue by him, of Cadwallader, 7th Lord Blayney) ; she d. 29 Sept. 1825. He was created, in 1796, Baron Rossmore of Monaghan, with remainder, failing his issue male, to Hcnry- Alexander Jones, Esq., son of the Right Hon. Theophilus Jones, by Anne, sister to his Lordship’s wife (and 4th daughter of Colonel John Murray) and his issue male ; (lie d. unm. in the 1st Lord’s lifetime) ; failing which, to Warner-William Westenra, Esq., and Henry Westenra, Esq., sons of Henry Westenra, Esq., by Harriet, also sister to his Lordship's wife, (and 5th daughter of Colonel John Murray,) and their issue male. His Lordship d. in 1801, and was succeeded by Warner-William, the present and 2nd Lord. ROTHES, EARL OF. (Leslie.) Peer of Scotland. Bartholomew, a Flemish chief, settled in the reign of William I., King of Scot¬ land, at Lesley, in Aberdeenshire, whence his posterity derived their surname. The 5th from him was 420 R O T Sir Andrew de Lesley, whose eldest son, Norman, was great-grandfather of Georue, 1st Earl of Rothes, and his 4th son, George, was ancestor, in the 4th descent, of Alexander, 1st Earl of Leven, whose grand-daughter Catherine, carried the Earldom of Leven into the family of Melville. See Earl of Leven and Melville in this Volume. George Lesley of Rothes, created Earl of Rothes about 1458, survived his only son Andrew, Master of Rothes, and was succeeded by his grandson George, 2nd Earl. The latter, and his only brother William, were killed at Flodden Field in 1513; the Earl d. unm.; his brother left two sons, George, who succeeded his uncle as 3rd Earl, and John. The 3rd Earl was one of those eight Commis¬ sioners from the Scottish Parliament appointed to be present at the marriage of Queen Mary with the Dauphin of France, who so highly incensed the French government by their firm refusal of the crown matrimonial to the Dauphin, that three of their number who died in one night, 28 Nov. 1558, at Dieppe, of whom this Earl was one, were supposed to have been poisoned. Ilis Lordship’s eldest son, Norman, Master of Rothes, was the principal actor in the murder of Cardinal Bea- toun, for which he was found guilty of treason, and forfeited by Parliament in 1546, his father and John, his uncle, were tried as accomplices; the Earl was acquitted, but John Leslie was forfeited. The Master immediately entered the service of the French King, and was mortally wounded in 1554, in a battle between the French and Imperial forces near Cambray, where he had performed almost incredible acts of valour ; he d. a few days afterwards, before his father, without issue. Andrew, 2nd son of the 3rd Earl, succeeded his father as 4th Earl ; he had three sons, who left issue, 1 James, Master of Rothes, who d. before his father, leaving a son, John’, 5th Earl, father of John, 6th Earl. 2 Patrick, ancestor of the Lords Lindores, and of the Lords Newark; his male line is extinct, and the title of Newark is claimed by John Anstruther, the heir- general of the first Lord Newark. 3 Sir John Leslie, whose present representative, John Leslie of Lumquhat, Esq., claims the title of Lindores, as nearest heir male of the 1st Lord. John, 5th Earl, succeeded his grandfather, and d. in 1641. John, his only son, eleven years of age at his father’s death, succeeded as 6th Earl ; he carried the sword of state at the coronation of King Charles II. in Scotland in 1651, and accompanying the King into England, was taken prisoner at the battle of Worcester, but was liberated in 1655. In 1663 he obtained a confirmation of his titles by charter, granting them to himself and the heirs male of his body, which failing, to the eldest heir female of his body, without division, bearing the name and arms of Leslie, with several special limitations over. In 1667 he was appointed Lord High Chancellor of Scotland, and created Duke of Rothes, Marquis of Ballin- breich, Earl of Leslie, Viscount of Lugtoun, Lord Auchmontie and Caskicberry, with limitation to the heirs male of his body; he d. 27 July 1681, without issue male, when the above titles became extinct, but the Earldom devolved on his eldest daughter, Margaret, 7th Countess ; she m. Charles Hamilton, 5th Earl of Haddington, and had two sons : John, 8th Earl ; and Thomas, on whom the Earldom of Had¬ dington was settled by patent, and who was ancestor of the present Earl of Had¬ dington. John, 8th Earl, her eldest son and successor, assumed the name of Leslie : on the breaking out of the rebellion, in 1715, his Lordship, with a detachment of the Scotch Greys, entered the town of Kinross, dispersed a party of the rebels who were about to proclaim the Pretender, and carried Sir Thomas Bruce, of Kinross, prisoner to Stirling. He was also distinguished for his gallantry in the battle of Sherilftnuir, where he commanded the horse volunteers. He d. in 1722, having had eight sons, of whom Andrew, the youngest and last survivor, became head of the Haddington branch of the House of Hamilton, by the death of his nephew John, 10th Earl of Rothes, in 1773 ; but the Earldom of Rothes being entailed on the heir female, and that of Haddington being secured in the junior male line, Mr. Leslie, though ne claimed the estates of Rothes, was entirely precluded from either inheri¬ tance. He d. unm. in 1776, when the Earl of Haddington again became the chief of his house. John, eldest son of the 8th Earl, succeeded as 9th Earl, and d. in 1767, when he was succeeded by his only surviving son John, 10th Earl, who dying without issue in 1773, was succeeded by his eldest sister, Jane-Elizabeth, 11th Countess, b. 5 May 1750, d. 2 June 1810 ; having m. 1st., 1 Jan. 1766, George-Raymond Evelyn, Esq., who was father by her of Georgb- W illiam, 12th Earl, and d. 23 Dec. 1770 ; the Countess m. 2ndlv, 30 Oct. 1772, 421 ROX Sir Lucas Pepys, Bart., M.D., and by him had the issue stated in The Peerage Volume , as half-brothers and sister of the 12th Earl ; after the Countess’s death. Sir Lucas re-married, 29 June 1813, Deborah, daughter of Anthony Askew, Esq. M.D.; and d. 17 June 1830, when he was succeeded in his Baronetcy by the Hon. Sir Charles Leslie, his eldest son, all his issue by the Countess having assumed the name of Leslie. The Hon. and Rev. Sir Henry Leslie, his 2nd son, succeeded to the Baronetcy in 1833, on the death of Sir Charles, his elder brother. George-William, 12th Earl, eldest son of the Countess by her 1st marriage, succeeded his mother, and assumed the name of Leslie ; he d. in 1817, having had six daughters—for whom see The Peerage Volume. Lady Henrietta-Anne, his eldest daughter, succeeded him as 13th Countess, and by her marriage with George Gwyther, Esq., who assumed the name of Leslie, left several children—see The Peerage Volume —of whom George-William-Evelyn-Leslie, present and 14th Earl, succeeded her in 1819. ROXBURGHE, DUKE OF. (Innes-Ker.) Peer of Scotland and of the United Kingdom. For the origin of the noble house of Ker, see the title of Lothian in this Volume. Sir Robert Ker of Cessford, 10th in descent from John Ker, his first recorded ancestor, was at an early age appointed a Warden of the Borders. In 1597, for some infraction of the border truce, he fell into the custody of the Archbishop of York, who writes of him to the Lord Treasurer Burleigh, “ I understand that the gentleman is wise and valiant, but somewhat haughty and resolute.” He was soon released and created a Peer, by the title of Lord Roxburghe. He held important official employments through the reigns of James I. and Charles I., and on the breaking out of the Rebellion adhered to the King. In 1G16 he was created Earl of Roxburghe, Lord Ker of Cessford and Cavertoun ; and having survived liis two sons, William and Harry, both successively styled Lord Ker, he obtained, in 1G46, a new investiture of the titles, to himself and the heirs male of his body, failing which, to his heirs and assigns, to be nominated by himself: in 1648 he executed a deed of nomination, in favour of Sir AVilliam Drummond, 5th son of John, 2nd Earl of Perth, by Lady Jane Ker, eldest daughter of the said 1st Earl of Rox¬ burghe, provided he married the eldest daughter of Hairy, Lord Ker; and after him, or failing this condition, the inheritance to pass to the daughters of Harry, Lord Ker, his son, deceased, and their heirs male successively; failing which, to his own nearest heirs male whatsoever; he d. in 1650. His son Harry, Lord Ker, who d. before him in 1643, left three daughters; viz.: 1 Jane, m. to Sir William Drummond, who succeeded as 2nd Earl, assumed the name of Ker, and was ancestor of the Earls and Dukes of Roxburghe, to the death of William, 4th Duke, in 1805. 2 Anne, m. to John, 4th Earl of Wigtoun, without male issue. 3 Margaret, m. in 1666 to Sir James Innes of Innes, Bart., by whom she was mother of Sir Harry Innes, Bart., whose son, Sir Harry Innes, Bart., was father of Sir James, 5th Duke. William, 2nd Earl, d. in 1675; he had four sons, of whom Robert, eldest son, succeeded as 3rd Earl ; and John, 4th son, inherited the title of Lord Bellenden ; the latter, besides other sons, had John, 3rd Lord Bellenden, (father of Ker, 4th, and Robert, 6th, Lords Bellenden; John, 5th Lord Bellenden, son of 422 R U T the 4th Lord, d. without issue;) and William, father of William, 7th Lord Bellenden, who succeeded as 4th Duke of Roxburghe. Robert, 3rd Earl, going by sea to Scotland in 1682, with James, Duke of York, was lost in the Gloucester frigate, when that vessel struck off Yarmouth, and the Duke of York narrowly escaped in his boat. He was father of Robert, 4th Earl, who d. unm. in 1696, and John, 5th Earl, who succeeded his brother. He was created, in 1707, Duke of Roxburghe, Marquis of Beaumont and Cessford, Earl of Kelso, Viscount of Broxmouth, and Lord Ker of Cessford and Cavertoun, with remainder, failing the heirs male of his body, to the other heirs destined to succeed to the title of Earl of Roxburghe ; he d. in 1741, leaving one son, Robert, his suc¬ cessor, 2nd Duke, who d. 1755, and was succeeded by his eldest son John, 3rd Duke, K.G., he d. in 1804, and with him expired the male line of Robert, 3rd Earl. William, 4th Duke, who succeeded, was descended as above, from John Lord Bellenden, 4th son of the 2nd Earl, and on his death in 1805, the whole male line of the 2nd Earl became extinct. After a tedious investigation, the House of Lords, in 1812, decreed the titles to Sir James Innes, Bart., 5th Duke, the heir male as above recited of Sir James Innes, Bart., by the Honourable Margaret Ker, 3rd daughter of Harry Lord Ker, son and heir of the 1st Earl of Roxburghe. His Grace d. in 1823, at the advanced age of eighty-seven, leaving one son, then only seven years old, James-Henry-Roiiert, present and 6th Duke, who, in 1837, was created a Peer of the United Kingdom, by the title of Earl of Innes. The 5th Duke, the 2nd Baronet of Nova Scotia, by patent in 1625, was chief of the name of Innes, 29th Laird of Innes, and 24th in paternal descent from his ancestor Beroaldus, who obtained from Malcolm Canmore a charter of his lands of Innes, the earliest charter extant from any King of Scotland ; of which ancient line, says the authentic family pedigree, compiled by Duncan Forbes, of Culloden, “ There are three things wherein they are either notable or happy : first, that their inheritance never went to a woman ; next, that none of them ever married an ill wife; and thirdly, that no friend ever suffered for their debt.” RUTHVEN, BARON. (Ruthven.) Peer of Scotland. The patriarch of this family was Thor, a person of Danish or Saxon extraction, who settled in Scotland in the reign of David I. Swan, his son, amongst other lands in Perthshire, possessed the manor of Ruthven, from which his grandson, Walter de Ruthven, assumed his surname. Seventh in descent from this Walter, was Sir William, 1st Lord Ruthven, created a Peer of Parliament in 1488. He was suc¬ ceeded by his grandson, William, 2nd Lord Ruthven ; he had three sons: 1 Patrick, 3rd Lord Ruthven, whose son William, created Earl of Gowrie in 1581, entered the following year into a conspiracy with other Presbyterian nobles, calling themselves the Lords of the Reformation, to seize the person of King James VI., and, keeping him in their custody, to administer the Government in his name. The scheme was at first successful, but in the following year James accomplished his 423 R U T escape. The parties implicated in the Raid of Cowrie, as this enterprise was then 'called, were declared traitors; the Earl of Gowrie was pardoned, but afterwards recommencing his treasonable projects, was tried and executed in 1584, for his former offence, notwithstanding the pardon previously received. He left five sons, to whom his estates and honours were restored in 158C ; James, the eldest, second Earl of Gowrie, d. in his fourteenth year, in 1588 ; John, the 2nd son, who succeeded his brother as 3rd Earl, with Alexander, the 3rd son, actuated by a desire of revenging their father’s execution, which they always described as murder, or by some still less excusable motive, conspired to assassinate the King at the Earl’s house at Perth, whither they had invited him. James was rescued from this imminent peril by the Duke of Lennox, the Earl of Mar, and others. Gowrie and his brother were killed in the scuffle, and afterwards attainted, their honours and large patrimony forfeited ; and their posterity and surviving brethren declared incapable of holding any offices, honours, or possessions. Thus was extinguished, in 1000, the elder branch of the House of Ruthven. *2 James, 2nd son of the 2nd Lord Ruthven, d. without issue. 3 Alexander Ruthven of Freeland, the 3rd son, was grandfather of Sir Thomas Ruthven, a Covenanter in the civil war, but created by King Charles II., in 1651, a Peer of Parliament, by the title of Lord Ruthven of Freeland ; the patent was burnt when the house of Freeland was destroyed by fire in 1750, but it is un¬ derstood that the title was granted to the heirs general of the patentee’s body. The 1st Lord d. in 1673. David, 2nd Lord, his only son, d. without issue in 1701, and was succeeded by his niece, Isabel, 3rd Baroness, daughter and heir of Sir Francis Ruthven, by Eli¬ zabeth, the only daughter who left surviving issue, of the 1st Lord ; the Baroness m. Colonel James Johnson of Gratney, Co. Dumfries, whose issue by her took the surname of Ruthven. She d. in 1732, and was succeeded by her only son, James, 4th Lord, who d. in 1783, and was succeeded by his eldest son. James, 5th Lord ; to whom, in 1789, succeeded his eldest son, James, present and 6th Lord. RUTLAND, DUKE OF. (Manners.) Peer of England. The name of Manners appears as of considerable note in the North of England, very soon after the Conquest. The first of his Grace’s ancestors on record is Sir Robert Manners, Lord of the manor of Ethale, in Northumberland, but at what date is unknown ; Sir Robert Manners, 7th in descent from him, lived in the reign of King Henry III. The 7th in descent from the last Sir Robert Manners, was another Sir Robert, who, in the reign of King Edward IV., obtained a large addition to his estates, and among other possessions the ancient seat of Belvoir Castle, in Lincolnshire, by his marriage with Eleanor, daughter, and at length heir, of Edmund, 11 th Baron Roos. by whom he had a son, George, Pith Baron Roos, who m. Anne, sole daughter and heir of Sir Thomas St. Leger, by Anne Plantagenet, sister of King Edward IV., and was father by her of Thomas, 13th Baron Roos, K.G., who succeeded his father in 1513 ; was created 424 R U T Earl of Rutland, in 1525 ; and d. in 1543. He had, besides other issue, two sons, viz. 1 Henry, 2nd Earl, whose issue male failed on the death of George, 7th Earl. 2 Sir John Manners, whose eldest son, Sir George, was father of Sir John, who became 3th Earl. Henry, 2nd Earl, Baron Roos, K.G., d. in 1563, leaving two sons: 1 Edward, 3rd Earl, Baron Roos, K.G., d. in 1587, without issue male, leaving an only daughter, Elizabeth, Baroness Roos, who m. William Cecil, son and heir of Thomas, 1st Earl of Exeter, and d. in 1591 ; leaving an only son, one year old, at the time of her death, William Cecil, who succeeded her as Baron Roos, and d. unm. in 1618. 2 John, who succeeded his brother as 4th Earl, and d. in 1588 ; three of his suns were successive Earls of Rutland, viz.: 1 Roger, 5th Earl, the intimate friend of Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex, in whose insurrections in 1600 he was implicated and committed to the Tower, but released on the accession of King James I. in 1603. 2 Francis, 6th Earl, K.G., who succeeded his brother. He was created, in 1616, Baron Roos of Hamlake, with remainder to his issue male. In 1618, he succeeded to the ancient Barony of Roos, on the death of William Cecil, Lord Roos, and d. in 1632, without issue male, when the new title of Roos became extinct, and the ancient Barony devolved on Katherine, his only daughter and heir, widow of George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham. She d, in 1666, and was succeeded by her son George, 2nd Duke, on whose death, in 1687, this Barony fell into abey¬ ance between the two sisters of the 5th, 6th, and 7th Earls of Rutland, viz. Bridget, wife of Robert Tyrwhitt, Esq. ; and Frances, wife of Wil¬ liam, Lord Willoughby of Parham. The heir general of Lady Frances is the present Baroness de Roos, in whose favour the Barony was called cut of abeyance in 1806. 3 George, 7th Earl, succeeded his brother, and d. without issue in 1641, when the Earldom devolved on the grandson of Sir John Manners, 2nd son of the 1st Earl. John, 8th Earl, was succeeded, in 1679, by his only surviving son, John, 9th Earl, who had been summoned by writ to the House of Peers in 1679, a few months before the death of his father, as Baron Manners of Haddon ; he was created, in 1703, Marquis of Granby, Co. Notts, and Duke of Rutland ; he d. in 1711, and was succeeded by his only surviving son, John, 2nd Duke, K.G., he d. in 1721, having had a numerous issue by two marriages ; his 8th son. Lord Robert Manners, d. in May 1782, leaving by his marriage 1 Jan. 1756, with Mary, daughter of - Digge, Esq., who d. 22 Feb. 1829, in her ninety-second year, the issue stated in The Peerage Volume. John, 3rd Duke, K.G., succeeded his father; lie d. in 1779 ; having in. Bridget, only daughter and heir of Robert Sutton, Lord Lexington. His two younger sons. Lord Robert, who d. unm. in 1762, and Lord George, successively assumed the name of Sutton, on succeeding to the Lexington property. The latter was h. 8 March 1723, and d. 9 Jan. 1783 ; having m. 1st, 5 Dec. 1749, Diana, daughter of Thomas Chaplin, Esq., who d. 3 April 1767 ; and 2ndly, 5 Feb. 1768, Mary, daughter of Joshua Peart, Esq. He had the numerous issue described in The Peerage Volume , and among whom are Viscount Canterbury and Lord Manners. John, Marquis of Granby, the Duke's eldest son, remembered for his campaigns in Germany, d. in 1770, before his father, leaving two sons, Charles, 4tli Duke, and the gallant Lord Robert Manners, Captain of his Majesty’s ship Resolution , in the command of which lie was mortally wounded, in the glorious engagement with the French fleet in the West Indies, 12 April 1782. Charles, 4th Duke, K.G., succeeded his grandfather ; d. whilst Lord Lieutenant of Ireland, in 1787 ; and was succeeded by his minor son, John-Henry, present and 5th Duke, K.G. S A I ST.-ALBANS, DUKE OF. (Beauclerk.) Peer of England. Charles, the 1st Duke of St.-Albans, K.G., on whom his Royal father con¬ ferred the name of Beauclerck, was natural son of King Charles II., by Mrs. Eleanor Gwin. He was b. 8 May 1670 ; created Baron of Heddington and Earl of Burford, both Co. Oxford, in 1676 ; and Duke of St.-Alban’s in 1684. He was also appointed Hereditary Grand Falconer of England. He m. the Lady Diana de Vere, daughter and eventually sole heir of Aubrey de Vere, 20th and last Earl of Oxford of that noble family, elevated to that Earldom by the Empress Maude, and confirmed by King Henry II. in 1 155. The Duke d. in 1726, having, besides others who d. without issue, the five sons following : 1 Charles, 2nd Duke, K.G., who d. in 1751, and his issue male became extinct on the death of his son, George, 3rd Duke, 1 Feb. 1786. 2 Lord William, who d. 1733 ; his only surviving son. Colonel Charles Beau- clerk, d. in 1775, leaving one son, George, who succeeded his cousin as 4th Duke, on whose death, 15 Feb. 1787, the issue male of his grandfather Lord William be¬ came extinct. 3 Lord Vere, created, in 1750, Baron Vere of Hanworth,in which title he was succeeded, in 1781, by his only surviving son Aubrey, who succeeded his cousin as 5th Duke ; he was b. 3 June 1740, and d. 9 Feb. 1802, having m. 4 May 1763, Lady Catherine l’onsonby, eldest daughter of William, 2nd Earl of Bessborough, who was b. 25 Oct. 1742, and d. 3 Sept. 1789 ; leaving by the Duke, (besides the issue des¬ cribed in The Peerage Volume ) two sons, viz.: 1 Aubrey, 6th Duke, b. 21 Aug. 1765, d. 12 Aug. 1815; having m. 1st, 9 July 1788, Mary, daughter of- Moses, Esq., who d. 18 Aug. 1800; and 2ndly, 15 Aug. 1802, Louisa-Grace, 3rd daughter of John Manners, Esq., by Louisa, now Countess of Dysart; she d. 19 Feb. 1816. The Duke had issue by both marriages, viz.; By the 1st marriage, 1 Lady Mary, Countess of Coventry. By the 2nd marriage, 2 Aubrey, 7th Duke, b. 7 April 1815, succeeded his father 12 Aug. 1815, and d. 19 Feb. 1816. 2 William, 8th Duke, who succeeded his infant nephew in 1816, and d. in 1825, when he was succeeded by his eldest son, William-Aubrey-de-Vere, the present and 9th Duke. 4 Lord Henry, who d. in 1791, leaving a son, the Rev. Henry Beauclerk, who was b. 12 Aug. 1745, and d. 7 Nov. 1817 ; having m. 24 Nov. 1769, Charlotte, daugh¬ ter of J ohn Drummond, Esq., of the family of Strathallan, by whom, who d. in March 1774, he was father of John Beauclerk, Esq., for whom see The Peerage Volume. 5 Lord Sidney, who d. in 1744, leaving one son, Topham Beauclerk, Esq., who was b. in Dec. 1739, and d. 11 March 1780; having m. 12 March 1768, Lady Diana Spencer, daughter of Charles, 3rd Duke of Marlborough, by whom he had the issue stated in The Peerage Volume , as grandchildren of Lord Sidney Beauclerk. 426 S A I ST.-GERMANS, EARL OF. (Eliot.) Peer of the United Kingdom. This family had flourished in the Counties of Devon and Cornwall for many gene¬ rations before John Eliot, who was ancestor in the 4th descent of Richard Eliot, Esq., who purchased the site of the Priory of St.-Germans, Co. Cornwall, to which he gave the name of Port Eliot. He d. in 1609, and was succeeded in his estate by his son Sir John. This Sir John Eliot being member of Parliament for the County of Cornwall, in 1626, and a great opponent of the Court, was, in conjunction with Sir Dudley Digges and six others, appointed to manage the impeachment by the Commons, of George Villiers, Duke of Buckingham ; and for the prominent part they took in this affair, these two Members were both committed to the Tower, but soon afterwards re¬ leased. Sir John was, however, again imprisoned in the Gatehouse, after the dis¬ solution of this Parliament, for refusing to contribute towards a loan to the govern¬ ment, but was liberated previous to the elections for the new Parliaments, which met in 1628, and he was again chosen to represent the County of Cornwall. The heat of his language again gave offence to the Court, and he was again imprisoned in the Tower, where he d. in 1632. He left two sons, John, whose male line failed with his son Daniel, in 1702 ; and Nicholas, whose two grandsons, Edward and Richard, suc¬ cessively inherited the family estates after the death of their cousin Daniel. Richard, who d. in 1748, was father of Edward-Craggs Emot, Esq., created, in 1784, Baron Eliot of St.-Germans, Co. Cornwall; he d. 28 Feb. 1804, leaving three sons—see The Peerage Volume; 1 Edward, who d. before his father in 1797, without issue male; 2 John, 2nd Lori), created, in 1815, Earl of St.-Germans, with remainder, failing his issue male, to his brother William and his issue male; he d. without issue in 1823; 3 William, pre¬ sent and 2nd Earl, who succeeded his brother. 127 S A I ST.-HELENS, BARON. (Fitz-Herbert.) Peer of Ireland and of the United Kingdom. Herbert Fitz-Herbert, the ancestor of this family, came into England with Wil¬ liam the Conqueror, and some of his descendants have been settled in Derbyshire, at Norbury, Somersall Herbert, and Tissington, from the reign of Henry I. The earliest of these upon record is William Fitz-Herbert, of Somersall, who was ances¬ tor in the 15th degree of William Fitzherbart, Esq., of Tissington, his Lordship’s father. He d. 2 Jan. 1772, leaving issue by his marriage with Mary, daughter of Lyttleton-Poyntz MeyneU, Esq., of Bradley, Co. Derby, who d. 28 Feb. 1753, 1 Sir William Fitz-Herbert, 4.27 May 1748, created a Baronet in 1783, d. 30 July 1791 ; having m. 14 Oct. 1777, Sarah, only daughter of William Perrin, Esq., by whom, who d. in 1795, he had the issue stated in The Peerage Volume. 2 Selina, b. 31 Oct. 1751, d. 2 Jan 1823 ; having m. Iienry-Gally Knight, Esq., who d. 8 April 1808. 3 Ali.eyne Fitz-Herbert, Esq., who having been emplo 3 'ed in some very im¬ portant diplomatic missions, was created a Peer of Ireland in 179), by the title of Baron St. Helens ; in 1801, he was further created Baron St.-Helens in the Isle of Wight, Co. Southampton, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom, and is the pre¬ sent Lord. ST.-JOHN, BARON. (St.-John.) Peer of Ireland. Hugh de Port, Baron of Basing, held fifty-five Lordships in Southampton, accord¬ ing to Domesday Book, some of which descended to him from his ancestors before the Conquest. His great grandson, Adam de Port, Lord of Basing, m. Mabel, daughter of Reginald d’Aurevalle, by Muriel, daughter of Roger de St.-John. whose grandfather, William de St.-John, came into England with the Conqueror. 428 S A I William, their son, assumed the name of St.-John, and was Baron St.-John of Ba¬ sing, which Barony is now in abeyance between the co-heirs of his great-grandson, John, Lord St.-John of Basing, of whom the Marquis of Winchester, whose .an¬ cestor was created Baron St.-John of Basing, is one. William St.-John, uncle of the said John, and grandson of William, the 1st Lord St.-John of Basing, was ancestor in the 7th degree of Sir Oliver St.-John, of Bletshoe, Co. Northampton, and Lydiard Tregoze, Co. Wilts, in right of his wife, Margaret, daughter of John, 3rd Lord Beauchamp of Bletshoe, and sister and sole heir of John, 4th Lord. This John, Lord Beauchamp, and Margaret his sister were fourth in paternal descent from Roger, Baron Bean- champ of Bletshoe, Chamberlain to King Edward III., by his marriage with Sibil, sister and co-heir of William de Pateshul (who, though he survived his father, was never summoned to Parliament) and eldest daughter of John de Pateshul (who re¬ ceived summons as a Baron in 1342,) by his wife Mabel, only daughter of William, Baron Grandison, summoned in 1299, and heir of her nephew Thomas, 4th Baron Grandison. The above-mentioned Roger, Baron Beauchamp of Bletshoe (to whom, and Sibil his wife, heiress of Pateshul and Grandison, Margaret, the wife of Sir Oliver St.-John, was great-great-grand-daughter, and eventual heir,) was summoned as a Baron of the Realm to all the Parliaments convened from 1363 to 1379, the year of his death; but none of his descendants ever received summons in right of this Barony. Sir Oliver St.-John, d. in 1437, and Margaret Beauchamp, his widow, m. 2ndly, John Beaufort, Duke of Somerset, by whom she had a daughter, Mar¬ garet, wife of Edmund Tudor, Earl of Richmond, and mother by him of King Henry VII. After the death of the Duke of Somerset, she m. 3rdly, Lionel, Lord Welles, by whom she was mother of John Viscount Welles, who rn. Princess Cecily, daughter of King Edward IV. By Sir Oliver St-John she had two sons; 1 Sir John, great-grandfather of Oliver, created Lord St.-John of Bletshoe in 15.58; 2 Oliver, ancestor of Viscount Bolingbroke. Oliver, 1st Lord, had, besides other issue, two sons ; 1 John, 2nd Lord, who succeeded his father in 1582 ; he d. in 1596, without male issue, and the Barony of Beauchamp of Bletshoe is now vested in the Duke of Gordon, the heir general of Anne, his only daughter ; 2 Oliver, 3rd Lord, who succeeded his brother, and d. in 1618; he had, besides other sons, 1 Oliver, 4th Lord, his eldest son and successor, who was created Earl of Bolingbroke in 1624, and d. in 1646 ; he had four sons, of whom the two younger left no issue. Oliver, Lord St.-John, the eldest, had accumulated so large a debt as to be compelled to fly the kingdom ; till King Charles I., being informed of his situation, and that means might be found, if he were at home and at liberty, to pay his debts, and so to relieve many worthy persons who were securities for him, called him to the House of Peers. From the time of his taking his seat, he voted in every instance against the government; and when the disputes between the King and Parliament had grown into open war, he received a commission in the rebel army, and was killed in 1642, in his father’s lifetime, at the battle of Edgehill. He left three daughters, but no male issue. Sir Paulet, 2nd son, d. also before his father, leaving two sons: Oliver, 2nd Earl and 5th Lord, who d. without issue in 1688; and Paulet, 3rd Earl of Bolingbroke and 6th Lord St.-John, who succeeded his brother, and d. in 1711, when the Earldom became ex¬ tinct. 2 Sir Rowland, whose son, Sir Oliver, was created a Baronet in 1660 ; he d. in 1661, and was succeeded by his son, Sir St.-Andrew St.-John, Bart., who had, besides other sons, 1 Sir St.-Andrew, whose son, Sir St.-Andrew, succeeded as 7th Lord, on the death of Paulet, 3rd Earl of Bolingbroke, and dying an infant in 1714, was succeeded by his uncle ; 2 William, 8th Lord, who d. in 1720; and 3 Rowland, 9th Lord, who d. in 1722, both unrn. ; 4 John, 10th Lord ; he d. in 1757, having had five sons, of whom three left issue, viz.; 1 John, lltli Lord, who was b. 15 Nov. 1725, and m. 13 Dec. 1755, Susannah- Louisa, daughter of iPeter Simond, Esq., who d. 17 Oct. 1805. His Lordship d. 27 April 1767, leaving the three daughters stated in The Peerage Volume, and three sons, viz.: 1 Henry-Beauchamp, 12th Lord, his successor, b. 2 Aug. 1758, d. 19th Dec. 1805; having m. 13 Dec. 1780, Emma-Maria-Elizabeth, 2nd daughter of Samuel Whitbread, Esq., who d. 10 July 1825. For their issue see The Peerage Volume. 429 S A I 2 St.-Andrew, 13th Lord, who succeeded his brother, and d. in 1817 ; he was succeeded by his son, St.- Andre w-BeaUch amp, present and 14th Lord. 3 The Hon. Lieut.-Colonel George St.-John, b. 19 Oct. 1764, m. 10 May 1795, Lnvinia, daughter of William Breton-Wolstenholme, Esq. ; he was lost, with his Lady and four children, on his homeward passage from Bombay, in the Prince of Wales East Indiaman, in 1804. Their two eldest sons, having been previously in England, are still living, and are described in The Peerage Volume. 2 The Hon. and Very Rev. St.-Andrew St.-John, Dean of Worcester ; he was b. 28 .Tan.1732, and d. 23 March 1795 ; having m. in 1759, Sarah, daughter of Thomas Chase, Esq., by whom, who d. 29 Jan. 1806, he had the issue stated in the The Peer¬ age Volume. 3 The Hon. Capt. Henry St.-John, R.N., who was b. 1 June 1740, and d. 17 April 1780; leaving by his marriage with Mary, daughter of- Schuyler, Esq., who d. 6 Nov. 1785, a son, Henry St.-John, Esq.—See The Peerage Volume. ST.-VINCENT, VISCOUNT. (Iervis.) Peer of the United Kingdom. Swinfen Jervis, Esq., father of the late Earl St.- Vincent, was 7th in paternal descent from James Jervis, Esq., of Chatkyll, Staffordshire, in the time of Queen Elizabeth ; he was b. Nov. 1703, and d. 21 Feb. 1771; having m . in 1727, Elizabeth, daughter of George Parker, Esq., who d. in March 1784. Their issue were, 1 William Jervis of Meaford, Esq., who was b. in May 1728, and d. without issue 6 March 1813; having m. 28 May 1777, Jane, daughter of Thomas Hatsell, Esq. 2 The distinguished Admiral Sir John Jervis, K.B., who after a series of splendid services, fought the famous battle of Cape St. Vincent in Feb. 1797, in which he won his Peerage. He was created in June following Baron Jervis of Meaford. Co. Stafford, and Earl St.-Vincent ; and in 1801, Viscount St.- Vincent, with remainder to his nephews. Captain William-Henry Ricketts, R.N., and Edward-Jervis Ricketts, Esq. ; and to his niece, Mari’, Countess of Northesk, and their heirs male respectively. The Earl was b. 20 Jan. 1735, and d. without issue 15 March 1823, when the Earldom and Barony became extinct. He m . 5 June 1783, Martha, daughter of Chief Baron Sir Thomas Parker, who d. 8 Feb. 1816. 3 Elizabeth, m. the Rev.-Batewell, and d. without issue. 4 Mary, m. to William-Henry Ricketts, Esq., by whom she was mother of the late Captain William-Henry Ricketts, R.N., who assumed the name of Jer ns, and d. without male issue in 1805 ; of Edward-Iervis Ricketts, Esq., who has also as¬ sumed the name of Iervis, succeeded to the title of Viscount, on the death of his gallant uncle, and is the present Peer ; and of Mary, Countess of Northesk—for all of whom see The Peerage Volume. 330 SAL SALISBURY, MARQUIS OF. (Gascoigne-Cecil.) Peer of Great Britain. Sir Robert Cecil, Secretary of State to Queen Elizabeth and King James I., and at length Lord High Treasurer, 2nd son of the celebrated Lord Treasurer Burghley, and brother of Thomas, 1st Earl of Exeter, (for whose pedigree see the article Exeter,) was created, in 1G03, Baron Cecil of Essendon, Co. Rutland ; in 1604, Viscount Cranboume, Co. Dorset; and in 1605, Earl of Salisbury. He was a Knight of the Garter, and d. in 1612, before his fiftieth year, prematurely worn out by the fatigues of public business, to which he had unremittingly dedicated himself for many years : he was succeeded by his only son, William, 2nd Earl, K.G. He d. in 1668, having survived his eldest son, Charles, Viscount Cranboume, whose eldest son, James, 3rd Earl, K.G., succeeded his grandfather, and d. in 1683. His son and successor, James, 4th Earl, having become a convert to the Roman Catholic religion, narrowly escaped prosecution as a Popish Recusant, and impeachment for high treason, on suspicion of being engaged in a plot for the restoration of James II. He d. in 1694, and was successively followed in the Earldom by his son and grandson, both named James. The 5th Earl d. in 1728 ; and the 6th Earl in 1780. The latter was succeeded by his only son, James, 7th Earl, K.G., who was created Marquis of Salisbury in 1789, and dying in 1823, was succeeded by his only son, James-Brownlow-William, present and 2nd Marquis, who by Royal sign manual assumed the name of Gascoigne, on his marriage with Frances-Mary, daughter and sole heir of Bamber Gascoigne, Es<[. SALTOUN, BARON. (Fraser.) Peer of Scotland. Alexander Abernethy of Saltoun and Rothemay, was created a Peer of Par¬ liament in 1445, by the title of Lord Abernethy of Saltoun; lie was father of William, 2nd Lord, his successor, and James, 3rd Lord, who succeeded his brother; he was followed in uninterrupted paternal descent by Alexander, 4th Lord, his son; William, 5th Lord: Alexander, 6th Lord; George, 7th Lord, who d. in SAL 1G00 ; John, 8th Lord, and Alexander, 9th Lord, who d. in 1G69. With this latter expired the male line of the Lords Abernethy of Saltoun, and his nearest heir was the son of Margaret Abernethy, eldest daughter of the 7th Lord, by her mar¬ riage with Sir Alexander Fraser of Philorth. The name of Fraser is of great antiquity in Scotland. A French original has been assigned to it, which, though it has no very strong claim to authenticity, is illustrative of the name and armorial bearings of the family. One Julius de Beny is said, in consequence of having entertained a King of France with a dish of very fine straw¬ berries, to have had strawberry-leaves, in French (frases) assigned to him by the mo¬ narch for his arms, and ffom this circumstance his descendants are supposed to have assumed the name of Fraser. When they first settled in Scotland is uncertain, but the name is met with as early as the reign of David I. The Lords Saltoun and Lovat have a common descent, but the separation of their families took place before any authentic genealogy can be deduced. The first directly ascertained ancestor of Lord Saltoun is Gilbert Fraser, who was Sheriff of Traquair in the reign of Alexander II. ; he had issue, 1 Simon, who after his father’s death was Sheriff of Peebles; 2 Andrew, Sheriff of Stirling, who was present when Baliol did homage to Edward I., 12 Dec. 1292; 3 William, Chancellor of Scotland, and Bishop of St. Andrew’s ; he d. in 1297. Simon, the eldest son, had at least two sons ; 1 Simon Fraser, who having taken a distinguished part in the Scottish war of independence against Edward I. was finally made prisoner, and beheaded by that monarch in London in 1306 ; he left no male issue. 2 Sir Alexander Fraser, also a distinguished partisan of Robert Bruce; he was killed at the battle of Duplin in 1332, having m. the Lady Mary Bruce, sister of King Robert I., whose first husband. Sir Niel Campbell of Lochow, d. in 1316. From William Fraser, their son, descended in the 9th degree Sir Alexander Fraser of Philorth, who m. as above, Margaret Abernethy of Saltoun. Their son, Alexander, 10th Lord Saltoun, consequently succeeded to the Peerage, as heir of line. He advanced large sums in aid of the Royal cause in the civ'l wars ; had the command of a regiment in the expedition into England for the rescue of Charles I. in 1648, and accompanied Charles II. to the battle of Worcester, whence he had the good fortune to escape into Scotland. He d. in 1693, in the 90th year of his age, having survived his only son Alexander, Master of Saltoun, who d. in 1682, and his eldest grandson Alexander, who d. unm. in 1673. William, lltli Lord, his 2nd grandson, succeeded him, and d. in 1713 ; leaving three sons, viz. 1 Alexander, 12th Lord, who d. in 1748 ; leaving two sons, 1 Alexander, 13th Lord, his successor, who d. unm. 10 Oct. 1751. 2 George, 14th Lord, who succeeded his brother, and d. 30 Aug. 1781 ; having m. 5 June 1756, Helen, daughter of John Gordon, Esq., who d. 13 Sept. 1800. His Lordship was followed by his eldest son Alexander, 15th Lord ; to whom, in 1793, succeeded his eldest son, Alexander- George, present and 16th Lord. 2 The Hon. William Fraser, who d. in 1727 ; having m. Lady Katharine-Anne Erskine, eldest daughter of David, 4th Earl of Buchan, by whom, who d. in 1733, he had an only son, William Fraser, Esq., of Fraserfield. b. 28 Sept. 1725, d. 31 Oct. 1788 ; haring m. 5 Jan. 1752, Rachel, daughter of the Rev. Hugh Kennedy, by whom, who d. 3 June 1800, he had the numerous issue stated in The Peerage Volume. 3 The Hon. James Fraser of Lonrnay, who by Lady Eleanor Lindsay, 3rd daughter of Colin, 3rd Earl of Balearres, left an only son, William, who d. unm. 432 SAN SANDWICH, EARL OF. (Montagu.) Peer of England. The Earl is of a younger branch of the family of the Duke of Manchester. Sir Edward Montagu of Boughton d. in 1602, leaving six sons, viz., 1 Edward, created Baron Montagu of Boughton in 1621 ; his male line failed in 1749, on the death of his great grandson, John, 2nd Duke of Montagu ; he is repre¬ sented in the female line by the present Duke of Buccleuch. 2 Sir Walter Montagu of Houghton, Co. Northampton, who d. without issue in 1615. 3 Sir Henry, created Earl of Manchester, ancestor of the present Duke of Man¬ chester. 4 Sir Charles Montagu of Cranbrook, Co. Essex, d. in 1625, without male issue, leaving three daughters, his co-heirs, who all left issue. 5 James, Bishop of Bath and Wells, and subsequently of Winchester; he d. unm. in 1618. 6 Sir Sidney Montagu, ancestor of the Earl of Sandwich. He was an opponent of the measures of King Charles I. in Parliament, till the contest between the two parties grew to a civil war; he was then committed to the Tower by the ruling powers, for producing in the House his Majesty’s declaration that all persons taking up arms against him were traitors. He d. in 1644, and his eldest son Henry dying six months after him, Edward, the only surviving son, succeeded to the estate. Edward Montagu, Esq., the surviving son of Sir Sidney, early took an active part in the civil war. He was in the rebel army in the battles of Marston Moor, Naseby, and others, but seceded from Parliament when he found that body under the control of the army. He returned to the administration of public affairs in 1653, was soon after appointed a Lord of the Treasury, and joint Admiral of England ; and having the command at sea at the time of Cromwell’s death, he signified to Charles II., before the assembling of that Parliament which voted the restoration of the Royal family, that the fleet and himself were at his Majesty’s disposal; and had finally the happiness, on the 26th of May 1660, of landing the King at Dover from his own ship. For these services he was created, in 1660, Baron Montagu of St. Neot’s, Co. Huntingdon, Viscount Hinehinbroke, and Earl of Sandwich. He was Vice-Admiral of England, and in that capacity served under the Duke of York in the battle of Lowestoffe in June 1665; in Sept, the same year he beat a fleet convoying the Dutch East Indiamen, and took eight men of war. He was then appointed Ambassador Extraordinary, to conclude a peace with Spain, which he successfully accomplished. On the breaking out of the new Dutch war in 1672, he again fought under the command of the Duke of York in the great battle in Solebay, on the coast of Suffolk, on the 28th of May in that year ; and was left in the Royal James , carrying 100 guns and 1000 men, to sustain the attack of the whole squadron of Van Ghent, aided by four fire-ships; after disabling, in this unequal contest, which he stood for many hours, seven of the enemy’s ships, and sinking three of the fire-ships, the Royal James was at last burnt by the fourth. The body of the Vice-Admiral was found on the 10th of June, and was afterwards interred, with every mark of honour, in Westminster Abbey. He left six sons, three of whom d. unm.; the other three were, 1 Edward, 2nd Earl. 433 F K SAN 2 The Hon. Sidney Montagu, who m. the daughter and heir of Sir Francis Wortley, of Wortley, Co. York. For his posterity, see Lord Whamclift'e, in this volume. 3 The Hon. Charles Montagu, 5th son, father of James Montagu of Newbold- Vemon, Co. Leicester, Esq., who d. unm. in 1748, and of Edward Montagu, Esq., who succeeded his brother at Newbold-Vernon, and d. in 1775; having m. Eliza¬ beth, daughter of Matthew Robinson, Esq., of West Layton, Co. York. This celebrated literary Lady, author of the Essay on the Genius of Shakspeare , and other works, survived him till 1800, and left her large estates to her nephew, Matthew Robinson, Esq., who assumed the name of Montagu, and was the late Lord Rokeby. Edward, 2nd Earl, d. in 1689, and was succeeded by his eldest son Edward, 3rd Earl, who d. in 1729; his only son Edward-Richard, Viscount Hinchinbroke, d. before him in 1722, leaving, besides other issue, John, his eldest son, who suc¬ ceeded his grandfather as 4th Earl ; he d. in 1792, and was succeeded by his eldest son John, 5th Earl ; he was b. 26 Jan. 1744, and d. 6 June 1814; having m. 1st, 1 March 1766, Lady Elizabeth Montagu, only surviving daughter of George, 2nd and last Earl of Halifax, who d, 1 July 1768 ; and 2ndly, 25 April 1772, Lady Mary-Henrietta-Powlett, eldest daughter of Harry, 6th and last Duke of Bolton, b. Oct. 1753, rf. 20 March 1779 ; by his 2nd marriage he was father of George- John, his successor, 6th Earl, who d. in 1818, and was succeeded by his only son John-William, present and 7th Earl. SANDYS, BARON. (Hill.) Peer of the United Kingdom. The family of Sandys, which was advanced to the Peerage in 1743, by the title of Sandys of Ombersley, and from which the Baron descends, had no known original connexion with that which had been ennobled at the much earlier date of 1529, by the title of Sandys of the Vine ; although, singularly enough, that Barony was in¬ herited by, and continued for some successions in, this family. George Sandys, of London, descended from a good family in Cumberland, and nephew to the wife of Sir Reginald Bray, the architect of King Henry VII. ’s Chapel, left, besides other issue, two sons, Edwin and Miles. The latter was father of Sir Edwin Sandys, through whose marriage with Elizabeth, sister and heir of William, 4th Baron Sandys, of the Vine, Henry, their son, inherited that Barony. He was killed in 1644, fighting under the banner of King Charles I., and left three sons, William, Henry, and Edwin, successive Barons, who all d. without issue, and six daughters, amongst whom the Barony fell into abeyance on the death of their brother Edwin, 8th Lord, about the year 1700. Davies Giddy Gilbert, Esq., is the representative of the eldest co-heir. Edwin, the eldest son of the above George Sandys, was one of our early reformers, and successively Bishop of Worcester and London and Archbishop of York. He d. in 1588, and was lineal ancestor in the 6th descent of Samuel Sandys, Esq., who was created Baron Sandys in 1743, and d. 21 April 1770 ; he had seven sons, of whom 1 Edwin, 2nd Lord, the eldest and last surviving son, was b. in 1725, and d. without issue, 11 March 1797, when the title became extinct; and 434 S A Y 2 Martin, (4th son,) d. 26 Dec. 1768 ; having m. 7 June 1760, Mary, only child and heir of William Trumbull, Esq., by whom, who d. in 1769, he had an only child, Mary, who m. Arthur, 2nd Marquis of Downshire, and was created, in 1802, Baroness Sandys of Ombersley, Co. Worcester, with remainder to her 2nd son Arthur-Moyses-William llill, and his younger brothers, and their heirs male succes¬ sively, failing which, to her eldest son Arthur, present Marquis of Downshire, and his heirs male. She d. in 1836, and was succeeded by her 2nd son, Lord Arthur- Moyses-William Hill, present and 2nd Lord, for whose paternal descent —see Marquis of Downshire in this volume. SAYE AND SELE, BARON. (Eardley-Twisleton-Fiennes.) Peer of England. Geoffrey de Say was summoned to Parliament in 1313 ; John, 4th Lord Say, his great-grandson, d. in 1382, leaving Elizabeth, his sister and heir ; she d. without issue in 1399, and her co-heirs were the descendants of her two aunts, daughters and at length co-heirs of Geoffrey, 2nd Lord, viz.: 1 Idonea, wife of Sir John Clinton, whose heir general is the present Lord Clinton; and 2 Joan, wife of Sir William Fiennes, and mother of Sir William Fiennes, who had two sons : 1 Roger, father of Richard Fiennes, who having m. Joan, grand-daughter of Thomas, 8th Baron Dacre, was summoned to Parliament as Baron Dacre : his heir general is the present Lord Dacre, between whom and Lord Clinton the Barony of Say, by writ 1313, is in abeyance. 2 James Fiennes, summoned to Parliament in 1447, as Baron Say and Sele, and afterwards, in the same year, created to that title, but it is uncertain whether with limitation to his heirs male ; he was Lord High Treasurer in the reign of King Henry VI., and was beheaded in an insurrection of the Londoners, after a mock trial in Guildhall, in 1450. William, his son and heir, 2nd Lord, was killed at the battle of Barnet; and after him no summons was issued to his descendants, Henry, Richard, Edward, and Richard, the 3rd, 4th, 5th, and 6th Lords in direct lineal succession ; Richard, 7th Lord, son and heir of the 6th Lord, obtained, in 1603, a confirmation of this dignity to him and the heirs of his body; he d. in 1613. William, 8th Lord, his son, was created Viscount Say and Sele in 1624, which title became extinct in 1781, by the death of Richard, 6th Viscount, his last male descendant. James, 2nd Viscount, eldest son of the 1st Viscount, succeeded him in 1662, and d. in 1674 without issue male, when the title of Viscount devolved on his nephew, and the Barony of Say and Sele by the patent of 1603, also that by writ 1447, unless afterwards limited by creation to the heirs male, fell into abeyance be¬ tween his two daughters and co-heirs, viz.: 1 Elizabeth, who m. Sir John Twisleton, by whom she had an only daughter and heir, Cecil, wife of George Twisleton, Esq., and by him mother of F'iennes Twisleton, Esq., whose son John was father of Thomas, Lord Save and Sele. 2 Frances, wife of Andrew Ellis, Esq., whose issue failed in 1715. In 1781, Thomas Twisleton, Esq. claimed and was allowed the Barony; he d. in 1788, and wfts succeeded by his eldest son, Gregory-William, the present Lord, who in 1825 assumed, by two separate instruments under the Royal sign manual, 435 f f 2 S C A the additional names of Fiennes and Eardley ; the latter in consequence of his mariage with Maria-Marow, eldest daughter and co-heir of Sampson, late Lord Eardley. SCARBOROUGH, EARL OF. (Lumley-Saunderson.) Peer of England and of Ireland. This family descends from Liulph, a nobleman of great note in the time of Ed¬ ward the Confessor, who was stripped of his large possessions by the Normans; he m. Algitha, daughter of Aldred, Earl of Northumberland, (and sister to Cos- patrick, ancestor of the Earl of Abergavenny, the Earl of Home, and Lord Dundas,) and was father, besides other issue, of Ughtred, whose son, Sir William, is styled de Lumle.v, from his castle of Lumley, in Durham. The 6th in descent from him was Ralph de Lumley, summoned to Parliament in 1384 ; he was killed at Cirencester in 1400, in a rebellion against King Henry IY. for the restoration of Richard II., and was attainted. Sir John Lumley, 2nd Lord' Lumley, his son, was restored in blood, but was not summoned to Parliament; he distinguished himself in the French wars under King Henry V., and was killed at the battle of Baugy in 1421. Thomas, 3rd Lord, his son, was governor of Scarborough Castle; he ob¬ tained in the 1st year of King Edward IV. the reversal of his grandfather’s attainder, and received summons to Parliament; he was succeeded by his son George, 4th Lord, who, as well as his successors in the title, were all distinguished in the border wars between the Scotch and English nations; he d. in 1508, and was succeeded by his grandson, Richard, 5th Lord, eldest son of his son Thomas, who d. before him. Richard, 5th Lord, d. in 1510, leaving two sons: 1 John, 6th Lord, was one of the principal commanders of the vanguard in the battle of Flodden, and was in the fiercest of the fight, being opposed to the Earls of Montrose and Crawford, who were both killed. On his death the title failed: his only son, George Lumley, having been tried, executed, and attainted for high trea¬ son in 1537, in his father’s lifetime, having been involved with the Lord Darcy, Sir Thomas Percy, and others, in Aske’s rebellion against the government of King Henry VIII. John, his only son and heir, would have succeeded his grandfather as 8th Lord, but for the attainder ; he was restored in blood in the first year of King Edward VI., and was created Baron Lumley, in 1547, with remainder to his issue male; he d. in 1609, when the title became extinct. 2 Anthony, grandfather of Richard, created, in 1628, Viscount Lumley of Waterford, in the Peerage of Ireland. He adhered to the King in the great rebel¬ lion, and made Lumley Castle a garrison, and when all was over, was compelled to compound for his estate. John, his only son and heir, dying in his lifetime in 1658, he was succeeded by his grandson, Richard, 2nd Viscount, who was created, in 1681, Baron Lumley of Lumley Castle, Co. Durham, in 1689 Viscount Lumley of Lumley Castle, and in 1690 Earl of Scarborough ; he d. in 1721, and was suc¬ ceeded by his eldest son Richard, 2nd Earl, K.G., who dying unm. in 1740, was succeeded by his next brother, Thomas, 3rd, Earl ; succeeding by appointment to the estates of James Saunderson, Earl of Scarborough, he, by Act of Parliament, took the additional name of Saunderson for himself and his successors in the estate; he d. in 1752. Richard, his successor, 4th Earl, m. Barbara? sister and heir of Sir George Savile of Rufford, Co. Notts, which Sir George left his large 436 S C A estates to the younger son of the Earl of Scarborough and his heirs male, not suc¬ ceeding to the Earldom, on their assuming the name and arms of Savile. The 4th Earl d. in 1782, leaving the issue stated in The Peerage Volume , of whom the fol¬ lowing are the three eldest sons : 1 Georue-Augusta, who succeeded his father as 5th Earl, and d. unm in 1807. 2 Richard, 6th Earl, who, on obtaining possession of his uncle’s property, assumed the additional name of Savile, which he exchanged for that of Saunderson on relinquishing those estates to his younger brother, when he himself succeeded to' the Earldom; he d. in 1832, without issue. 3 John Lumley-Savile, 7th Earl, who d. in 1835, and was succeeded by his only surviving son, John, present and 8th Earl. SCA11SDALE, BARON. (Curzon.) Peer of Great Britain. Giraline de Curzon, ancestor of this family, came to England with William the Conqueror. Sir Nathaniel Curzon of Kedleston, Co. Derby, 18th in descent from him, was created a Baronet in 1641, and d. in 1686. lie was succeeded by his son. Sir Nathaniel, 2nd Baronet, who d. in 1719, and was father of Sir John and Sir Nathaniel, successive Baronets. Sir John d. in 1727. Sir Nathaniel Curzon, his brother, tn. Mary, daughter and co-heir of Sir Ralph Asheton of Middleton, Co. Lancaster, Bart., and d. in 1758, leaving by her two sons, viz.: 1 Sir Nathaniel, created, in 1761, Baron Scarsdale, Co. Derby; he d. in 1804, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Nathaniel, 2nd Lord ; he d. in 1837, having m. the Hon. Sophia-Susannah Noel, 2nd daughter of Edward, 1st Viscount, and 8th Baron Wentworth, by writ 1529, and co-heir of her brother Thomas, 2nd Viscount, on whose death, 17 April 1815, the title of Viscount, created by patent 1762, became extinct, but the Barony of Wentworth fell into abeyance between the heirs of his two sisters, Judith, wife of Sir Ralph Milbanke, whose only issue is Anne-Isabella, Lady Dowager Byron, and Sophia-Susannah, the wife of the lion. Nathaniel Curzon, late Lord Scarsdale; she d. in 1782, leaving an only son, Na¬ thaniel, now 3rd Lord, who succeeded his father, and is co-heir with Anne Isabella, Lady Byron, of the Barony of Wentworth. 2 Asheton, who was created Viscount Curzon, and d. in 1820, when he was suc¬ ceeded by his grandson, the present Earl Ilowe —See that Article. SEA SEAFIELD, EARL OF. (Grant-Ogilvy.) Peer of Scotland. Sir Walter Ogilvy was created Lord Ogilvy of Deskford in 1616 ; James, 2nd Lord, his son, was created Earl of Findlater, with remainder to the heirs male of his body, in 1638, and in 1641 obtained a new patent, granting the Earldom, failing his issue male, to his son-in-law, Sir Patrick Ogilvy, husband of the Lady Elizabeth, his eldest daughter, and his heirs male. Sir Patrick Ogilvy succeeded as 2nd Earl, and d. in 1658, when he was succeeded by his son James, 3rd Earl, who d. in 1711. He was succeeded by his eldest son, James, 4th Earl, who during his father’s life¬ time had been created, in 1698, Viscount of Seafield, and in 1701, Earl of Sea- field, Viscount of Reidhaven, and Lord Ogilvy of Deskford and Cullen, with remainder to the heirs male of his body, which failing, to his other heirs of entail inheriting his lands and baronies; he d. 1764. His son, James, 5th Earl of Findlater, and 2nd of Seafield, d. in 1770, leaving issue: 1 James, 6th Earl of Findlater, and 3rd of Seafield, father of James, 7th Earl of Findlater, and 4th Earl of Seafield, b. 10 April 1750, m. in 1779, Chris- tina-Theresa, daughter of Sir Joseph Murray, Bart., Count Murray, and d. 5 Oct. 1811, without issue, when the male line of Patrick, 2nd Earl of Findlater, became extinct, and his heir male, on whom the Earldom of Findlater would devolve, has not yet been ascertained. 2 Margaret, d. 20 Feb. 1757, having m. Nov. 1735, Sir Ludowick Grant of Grant, Bart., by whom, who d. 18 March 1773, she was mother of Sir James Grant, Bart., he d. 18 Feb. 1811, leaving Lewis-Alexander, present and 5th Earl of Seafield, who, on succeeding his uncle, assumed the additional name of Ogilvy, and the other issue stated in The Peerage Volume, who have been raised to the rank of sons and daughters of an Earl. 3 Anne, m. John, 2nd Earl of Ilopetoun, and had issue. 438 S E F SEAFORD, BARON. (Ellis.) Peer of the United Kingdom. John Ellis, Esq., a Colonel in the army, of a family resident at Wrexham, Co. Denbigh, settled in Jamaica on the conquest of that Island, in 1G65. He m. Eliza- beth-Grace, sister of William Nedham, Esq., Speaker of the House of Assembly of that Island, and d. in 1710. George Ellis, Esq., his son and heir, Chief Justice of Jamaica, m. Anne, daughter of Peter Beckford, Esq., Speaker of the House of Assembly, and by her had three sons, George, John, and William. George, the eldest son, d. in 1754, having m. Susanna-Charlotte, 2nd daughter of Samuel Long, Esq., of Longville Jamaica, uncle of Lord Famborough, by whom, who m. 2ndly, General Sir David Lindsay, Bart., he had one son, George Ellis, Esq., of Sunning Hill, Berks, who d. without issue. William, the third son, d. without issue. John Ellis, Esq., the 2nd son, d. in 1782, having m. Elizabeth, daughter of John Pallmer, Esq., of Jamaica, by whom he had two sons ; viz. : 1 John Ellis, Esq., of Hurlingham, Co. Middlesex, for whom see The Peerage Volume. 2 Charles-Rose Ellis, Esq., who in 1826 was created Baron Seaford of Seaford, Co. Sussex. By the Hon. Elizabeth-Catherine-Caroline Hervey, only daughter of John-Augustus, Lord Hervey, and heiress of the Barony of Howard-de- Walden, he is father of Charles-Augustus, Lord Howard-de-Walden. SEFTON, EARL OF. (Molyneux.) Peer of Ireland and of the United Kingdom. William de Moi.ines, one of the nobles who attended William the Conqueror into England, obtained the manors of Sefton, Kerdon, and Thornton, in the County of Lancaster, and made his chief seat at Sefton. He was ancestor in the 17th degree of 439 S E G Sir Richard Molyneux, created a Baronet in 1611, and Viscount and Baron Molyneux of Maryborough, Queen's County, in 1628; he <1. in 1632, leaving, besides other issue, two sons, Richard and Caryll, successive Viscounts. They both took up arms for King Charles at the commencement of the Rebellion, raised a regiment of horse and another of foot, and were both in Oxford when it surren¬ dered to the rebel army. They joined King Charles II. when he marched into England from Scotland, and were with him at the battle of Worcester, from which they both escaped, and Richard, 2nd Vlscount, dying soon after without issue, Caryll, 3rd Viscount, his brother and successor, was outlawed and excepted from Cromwell’s act of grace. He d. in 1699, and was succeeded by William, 4th Viscount, his only surviving son, who d. in 1717, leaving issue: 1 Richard, 5th Viscount, who d. without surviving issue male in 1738. 2 Caryll, 6th Viscount, who succeeded his brother, and d. in 1745, leaving three sons, viz.: 1 Richard, 7th Viscount, in holy orders of the Church of Rome, who was succeeded by his next brother. 2 William, 8th Viscount, who d. unm. in 1759. 3 Thomas, who d. in 1756, leaving an only son, Charles-Wllliam, who suc¬ ceeded his uncle as 9th Viscount, was created Earl of Sefton in 1771, and d. in 1795, when he was succeeded by his only son, William-Philip, present and 2nd Earl, who was created a Peer of the United Kingdom in 1831, by the title of Baron Sefton of Croxteth, Co. Palatine of Lan¬ caster. SEGRAVE, BARON. (Berkeley.) Peer of the United Kingdom. William-Fitzhardinge Berkeley, the eldest son of Frederick-Augustus, 4th Earl Berkeley, by a marriage professed to have taken place with the present Countess Dowager, his widow, 30 March 1785, but disallowed by the House of Peers after a tedious investigation in 1811, was raised to the Peerage in 1831, by the title of Baron Segrave of Berkeley Castle, Co. Gloucester. The present Earl Berkeley is the eldest son of the late Earl, after the acknowledged marriage with his Countess, but does not inherit the ancient family estate of Berkeley Castle, which, in pursuance of the late Earl's testament, is in possession of Lord Se¬ grave. 440 S E L SELKIRK. EARL OF. (Douglas.) Peer of Scotland. Loud William Douglas, 3rd son of William, 1st Marquis of Douglas, was created, in 1 G4t>, Earl of Selkirk, Lord Daer and Sliortcleuch. In 1660 he was created Duke of Hamilton for life, his wife Anne having succeeded her uncle as Duchess of Hamilton; and in 1088 he resigned the Earldom of Selkirk, which was granted, with the precedency of the former patent, to his 3rd son Lord Charles Douglas, and his issue male; which failing, to his younger sons, Lords John, George, Basil, and Archibald Hamilton, and their issue male; all now extinct, ex¬ cept the present Earl, descended from Lord Basil. The Duke of Hamilton, 1st Earl of Selkirk, d. in 16'94, having had the seven sons following : 1 James, 4th Duke of Hamilton, whose descendant and heir male is the present Duke of Hamilton and Brandon. 2 Lord William, who d. in France without issue, probably before the patent of 1G88. 3 Lord Charles, who, in 1688, became 2nd Earl of Selkirk ; he d. without issue 13 March 1739, and was succeeded by his next brother. 4 Lord John, who had been created a Peer of Scotland in 1697 by the titles of Earl of Ruglen, Viscount Riccartoun, and Lord Hillhouse, with remainder to the heirs whatsoever of his body ; he succeeded his brother Charles as 3rd Earl of Selkirk, and d. in 1744, without surviving issue male; his only child, who left issue, was Lady Anne, his eldest daughter, who succeeded as Countess of Ruglen ; she was mother of William, 4th Duke of (,-iueensberry, and 3rd Earl of Ruglen, on whose death, without issue, in 1810, that Earldom became extinct. 5 Lord George, created a Peer of Scotland in 1696, by the titles of Earl of Orkney, Viscount of Kirkwall, and Baron of Dechmont, with remainder to the heirs whatsoever of his body; he d. without issue male, in 1737, before his elder brothers, and was succeeded by his eldest daughter, Anne, who carried the Earldom of Orkney, by marriage, to the Irish family of O’Brien, Earl of Inchiquin ; she was grandmother of the late Countess, who was succeeded, in 1831, by her grandson, the present Earl of Orkney. 6 Lord Basil; he was drowned in the autumn of 1701 in the Minnock, a small river of Galloway, when about to cross it with his brother the Earl of Selkirk, and other friends ; a servant who rode forward to try the ford having been dismounted by the unexpected strength of the current, Lord Basil rushed in to save him, but his horse falling, both were carried away by the torrent before his brother or friends could render any assistance. He left two sons : William, the eldest, succeeded to his estate, and dying young soon after, was succeeded by his only surviving bro¬ ther, Basil Hamilton of Baldron ; he engaged in the Rebellion of 1715, was taken prisoner at Preston, after signalising his valour in the battle, was tried for high treason, and condemned to death, but pardoned, and restored in blood by Act of Parliament in 1732. He d. in 1742, leaving an only son, Dunbar, who succeeded his great-uncle John, Eari. of Selkirk and Ruglen, as 4th Eari. of Selkirk in 1744, and resumed his original family name of Douglas. On the breaking out of the rebellion in 1745 he exerted him¬ self with the greatest zeal on behalf of the established government. He was b. 22 Dec. 1722, and d. 24 May 1799 ; having »». 3 Dec. 1744, Helen, 441 SEM 5th daughter of the Hon. John Hamilton, 2nd son of Thomas, 6th Earl of Haddington, who d. 28 Nov. 1802. Their issue will be found in The Peer¬ age Volume. The Earl having survived his six eldest sons, was succeeded by Thomas, his 7th and youngest son, 5th Earl, who is remarkable for the settlement formed by him on Prince Edward’s Island in the Gulf of St. Lawrence; he d. in 1820, and was succeeded by his only son Dunbar- James, present and 6th Earl. 7 Lord Archibald, b. 1673, and d. 5 April 1754, leaving three sons, of whom the 2nd and last survivor, the Rev. Frederick Hamilton, d. without surviving issue male in 1811. SELSEY, BARON. (Peachey.) Peer of Great Britain. Edmund Peachy, Esq., of Eartham, Co. Sussex, descended from the ancient family of Peche, of Kingsthorpe, Co. Leicester, whose ancestor. Ilamon Peche, was Sheriff of the Co. of Cambridge, in the time of King Henry II., was grandfather of Wil¬ liam Peachy, Esq., who by Mary, daughter, and co-heir of-Hall, Esq. of New- Grove, Petworth, Co. Sussex, had eight sons ; viz.: 1 Sir Henry, his successor. 2 Edward, who d. unm. 3 William, an officer in the Foot Guards; killed at the battle of Almanza, in Spain. 4 Sir John, 2nd Baronet. 5 Bulstrode, who rn. Elizabeth, widow of AVilliam-Woodward Knight, Esq., of West-Dean, Co. Sussex, and assumed the name of Knight, but d. without issue in 1736. 6 George, d. unm. 7 Charles, d. in Persia, unm. 8 James, of Titleworth in Sussex, a Governor in India. He d. unm. in 1771. Sir Henry Peachey, the eldest son, was created a Baronet in 1736, with re¬ mainder to his brother John. He d. in 1737, without surviving issue male, and was succeeded by his said brother, Sir John Peachey, 2nd Baronet, who d. in 1744, leaving Sir John his successor, and Sir James, who succeeded his brother in 1768, and was created, in 1794, Baron Selsey of Selsey, Co. Sussex. He was b. 10 March 1723, and d. 1 Feb. 1808; having m. 19 Aug. 1747, Lady Georgiana-Caroline Scott, 2nd daughter of Henry, 1st Earl of Deloraine, by whom, who was b. Feb. 1727, and Peter, present and 2nd Marquis. 153 X SOM SOMERS, EARL. (Cocks.) Peer of the United Kingdom. The family of Cocks was seated in the County of Kent as early as the reign of Edward I., and afterwards removed into that of Gloucester. . Thomas Cocks, Esq., of Castle-Ditch, in the County of Hereford, had five sons, of whom only two left issue, viz.: 1 Thomas, father of the Rev. Thomas Cocks of Castle-Ditch, who left an only daughter and heir, Mary, m. in ] 7*24 to her cousin, John Cocks, Esq.; 2 Charles Cocks, Esq., (5th son,) he m. Mary, eldest sister and co-heir of John Somers, Lord High Chancellor, created Lord Somers, Baron of Evesham, Co. Wor¬ cester, in 11)97, which titles became extinct on his death in 1716 ; they had issue, 1 Catherine, who d. 13 June, 1705; having m. James Harris, Esq., of the Close, Salisbury, grandfather by a 2nd marriage of the 1st Earl of Malmesbury ; 2 Mar¬ garet, who d. 10 Sept. 1761, having m. Philip Yorke, 1st Earl of Hardwicke and Lord High Chancellor ; 3 James Cocks, Esq., of Bruckmans in Hertfordshire, who d. in 1750, leaving an only son, James, who d. unm. in 1758 ; 4 John Cocks, Esq., who d. 24 June 1771 ; having m. in 1724, Mary, daughter and sole heir of his cousin, the Rev. Thomas Cocks, by which marriage he became possessed of the family seat at Castle-Ditch ; she d. 4 Feb. 1779. They had two daughters, who d. unm., and ten sons, of whom six d. unm. ; the other four were, 1 Sir Charles Cocks, created a Baronet in 1772; and Lord Somers, Baron of Evesham, Co. Worcester, in 1784 ; he d. in 1806, and was succeeded by his eldest son, John, present and 2nd Lord, who was created, in 1821, Viscount Eastnor of Eastnor Castle, Co. Hereford, and Earl Somers. 2 Joseph Cocks, Esq., b. 24 Jan. 1733, d. 4 April 1775 ; having m. in 1758, Mar¬ garet, daughter of John Thorniloe, Esq., by whom, who was b. in 1734, and d, 31 Oct. 1774, he had issue. 3 James Cocks, Esq., b. 22 June 1734, and is deceased, having m. 5 Nov. 1772, Martha, daughter of Vice-Admiral Charles Watson, by whom he had issue. 4 Thomas-Somers Cocks, Esq., b. 3 Dec. 1737, d. 15 Nov. 1796; having m. 29 Aug. 1768, Anne, daughter of Alexander Thistletlnvayte, Esq., by whom, who d. '25 Dec. 1817, he had issue. 454 S () M SOMERSET, DUKE OF. (St.-Maur.) Peer of England. The family of St.-Maur came into England with William the Conqueror, and settled in Monmouthshire; whence they removed into Somersetshire, on the mar¬ riage of Sir Roger Seymour, with Cecily, eldest daughter of John, 2nd Baron Beau¬ champ of Hache, (by writ T299,) and co-heir of her brother John, 3rd Lord. Sir John Seymour, Knight-banneret, 6th in paternal descent from this marriage, d. 21 Dec. 1536, leaving by Margery, his wife, 2nd daughter of Sir Henry Went¬ worth of Nettlested, Co. Suffolk, Knight of the Bath, who d. in 1550, three sons and three daughters, viz.: 1 Edward, 1st Duke of Somerset. 2 Sir Henry Seymour, made a Knight of the Bath at the Coronation of King Edward VI. He d. in 1578, leaving a son, Sir John Seymour, who had three sons, from whom there is no issue male remaining. 3 Sir Thomas Seymour, K.G., created, in 1547, Baron Seymour of Sudley, Co. Gloucester, .and soon after appointed Lord High Admiral. He m. the Queen- dowager Catherine, daughter of Thomas Parr, and widow 1st of John Neville, Lord Latimer, and 2ndly, of King Henry VIII., to whom she was 6th wife. After her death, the Lord Sudley resumed his former object of marrying the Princess Eliza¬ beth ; and for his intrigues for that purpose, as well as for the purpose of obtaining possession of the King’s person, and inducing him to govern without his council, and for other designs for the subversion of the government as established by the late King’s will, he was attainted by Act of Parliament, condemned unheard, and be¬ headed 10 March 1549. He left an only daughter, Mary, who d. an infant. 4 Jane, m. 20 May 1536, King Henry VIII., and d. 24 Get. 1536, in childbirth of her only son, King Edward VI. 5 Elizabeth, m. 1st, to Sir Anthony Oughtred, and 2ndly, to Gregory, Lord Cromwell. 6 Dorothy, m. 1st, to Sir Clement Smith, of Little Baddow, Co. Essex ; and 2ndly, to Thomas Lcvcnthorpe, of Shingey Hall, Hertfordshire. Sir Edward Seymour, K.G., the eldest son, brother of the Queen and uncle of King Edward VI., was created, in June 1536, Viscount Beauchamp of Hache, Co. Somerset, in consideration of his descent, as above noticed, from the noble family of that name, and, in 1537, Earl of Hertford, both with remainder to his issue male thereafter to be begotten. In 1547, he was created Baron Seymour and Duke of Somerset, with remainder to the heirs male of his body by Ann, his 2nd wife, failing which, to Sir Edward Seymour, his son by Catherine, his 1st wife, and his heirs male. He was appointed, by King Henry VIII., Lord Great Chamberlain of Eng¬ land, and Lieutenant-General of the North, in which latter capacity he invaded Scotland in 1542; embarking with two hundred sail, he landed at Leith, burnt and plundered that town and Edinburgh, and, returning into England by land, wasted Haddington, Dunbar, Ac. on his march. He stood high in King Henry's favour to the end of his reign, and was by his will appointed one of the Council to young Ed¬ ward. On the King’s decease he repaired to his Royal nephew at Hertford, and conducted him to London, where he was unanimously elected, by the Council, Gover¬ nor of the King’s person, and Protector of the kingdom during his minority. In the first year of his administration, he concluded a peace with France, that he might 455 SOM be enabled to direct all his attention towards accomplishing the desirable union of the two kingdoms of this island by the marriage of the King to the infant Queen of Scots ; but his negotiations to this effect proving unavailing, he endeavoured to force the Scottish nation into compliance by an invasion—a method of wooing to which the Scotch very naturally made vehement objections; their armed resistance, however, gave way at the battle of Pinkie, before the courage and conduct of the Protector, who obtained a signal victory, but was recalled from the scene of his successes by the necessity of securing his authority at home, against the intrigues of his brother, the Admiral. These were speedily suppressed by the death of the latter ; but so great an accumulation of power as that now possessed by the Protector had never been enjoyed by a subject of this realm, especially by one who, notwithstanding his near relation to the King, was not of the blood Royal, and it excited the jealousy of the nobility. A confederacy was formed against him, headed by John Dudley, Earl of Warwick, afterwards Duke of Northumberland, who himself, ruined by an excess of prosperity, fell in an unsuccessful attempt at fixing the crown upon the brow of his daughter-in-law, the Lady Jane Grey. The Duke of Somerset was unable to sup¬ port himself against their united machinations, but he did not wholly succumb at once; in 1549 he was deprived of his Protectorship, committed to the Tower, and his estates declared forfeited to the Crown ; but he was liberated in three months, the chief of his property recovered, and a reconciliation effected in appearance between him and the Earl of Warwick, a marriage being solemnized between the Duke’s eldest daughter and John Viscount Lisle, son of the Earl, which the King graced with his presence. This feud, however, w T as not thus to be closed ; dissen¬ sions again broke out ; the Earl of Warwick, who procured a patent to raise him to the rank of Duke of Northumberland, possessed the political power, but the King favoured his uncle, and allowed him so much access to his person that Northum¬ berland began to perceive, that unless he could effectually remove him, his own pre¬ eminence would not long exist. The Duke of Somerset was therefore impeached of high treason and felony ; of the treason he was acquitted, but found guilty of felony in an intention to murder the Duke of Northumberland, being a Privy Councillor; whether this accusation was founded in fact can no farther be ascertained than by the judgment of the Peel's, but it is certain that no attempt had been made by Somerset upon the life of his rival, yet, for this imputed intention, he was con¬ demned to suffer death ; and young Edward, though he had now attained an age when he was capable of acting to a certain extent for himself, was induced to permit the immolation upon the scaffold, for such a cause, of an uncle who had been so long in immediate attendance upon his person. He was beheaded in 1552, greatly lamented by the nation, and especially by the Protestants, whom he had warmly and steadily supported. His honours were forfeited. Edward himself lived but eighteen months after this fatal event, and the troubles that ensued on his death, chiefly the result of Northumberland's intrigues, ended in bringing that turbulent noble himself, the innocent instrument of his ambition, and others of his family, to the block. Edward, Earl of Hertford, eldest son of the Protector by his 2nd marriage, who, according to the limitation of the patent, should have succeeded as 2nd Duke, was by Queen Elizabeth, in 1559, created Baron Beauchamp of Hache, and Earl of Hertford. He fell into trouble, and was nine years detained a prisoner in the Tower, on account of his marriage with the Lady Catherine, daughter and heir of Henry Grey, Duke of Suffolk, by the Lady Frances his wife, eldest daughter and co-heir of Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk, by the Princess Mary, daughter of King Henry VII.;—s ee the Royal Genealogy in this Volume,) which marriage, the Lady being sister of Lady Jane Grey, and so nearly connected with the blood Royal, excited the jealousy of the Queen. The Countess d. in the Tower, where she was brought to bed of two sons ; the eldest of whom, Edward, Viscount Beauchamp, d. before his father, having had three sons: 1 Edward, who m. Anne, daughter of Robert Sack- ville, Earl of Dorset, but d. in 1618, before his father and grandfather, without issue ; 2 Sir William Seymour, restored to the Dukedom of Somerset; and 3 Francis, created, in 1641, Baron Seymour of Trowbridge; he was grandfather of Francis, 6th Duke. Edward, Earl of Hertford, who should have been 2nd Duke, d. in 1621, and was succeeded by his eldest surviving grandson. Sir William Seymour, K.G., who, following in the footsteps of his grandfather, entered in 1610 into a clandestine marriage with a Lady of Royal blood, the Lady Arabella Stuart, daughter of Charles, 5th Earl of Lennox, uncle of King James I., 2nd son of Matthew, Earl of Lennox, by the Lady Margaret Douglas, only daughter of Archibald, Earl of Angus, by Margaret of England, Queen Dowager of Scotland, widow of James IV. and mother of James V., Kings of Scotland. King James, on 456 8 O M hearing of this marriage, concluded without his concurrence, committed Mr. Sey¬ mour to the Tower, and the young lady to close imprisonment in the house of Sir Thomas Parry, at Lambeth ; both contrived simultaneously to effect their escape, but while Mr. Seymour reached France in safety, the Lady Arabella was retaken and imprisoned in the Tower, where she <1. without issue in 1G15. His father and elder brother being dead, he succeeded his grandfather as Earl of Hertford in 1621, and, in 1640, was created Marquis of Hertford. Though before the commencement of the rebellion he had held himself aloof from the Court, where he had been received with coldness, and lived in great splendour in the country, associating chiefly with persons who afterwards were forward in their opposition to the King, especially with the Earl of Essex, whose sister he had married; and though he was himself desirous of promoting the rational liberty of the country, yet he speedily perceived the rancour against the established Government which animated the party who boasted their zeal for liberty, and from the first meeting of the Parliament, “ never,” says Lord Clarendon, “concurred with them in any one vote dishonourable to the King.” He continued immoveable in his loyalty throughout Charles’s troubles, serving him with his counsels and his arms ; and when that unfortunate Monarch was condemned to death by his rebellious subjects, joined with the Duke of Rich¬ mond, and the Earls of Southampton and Lindsey, in petitioning that they, as the responsible advisers of all the measures with which the King was charged as inju¬ rious to the nation, might suffer in his stead. Their petition was rejected, but the body of their murdered Sovereign was committed to these faithful servants, for interment in his Royal Chapel of Windsor. During the usurpation he lived in retirement and unmolested, and immediately after the restoration was restored to the title of Duke of Somerset, with all privileges appertaining thereto, as fully as if the act of attainder of the 5th of King Edward VI., had never passed. He d. 24 Oct. 1660; having had five sons, of whom only the two following lived to maturity: 1 Henry, Lord Beauchamp, who d. before him in 1656, leaving issue : William, 4th Duke, who succeeded his grandfather, in his minority, and d. unm. in 1671 ; and the Lady Elizabeth, who, by warrant from Charles II., had precedence and title as a daughter of the Duke of Somerset; she m. Thomas Bruce, Earl of Aylesbury, whose heirs through this marriage possess the Seymour estates in the neighbour¬ hood of Marlborough ; her lineal representative, and consequently the heir of the Lady Catherine Grey, is Anna-Eliza, present Duchess of Buckingham and Chan- dos. 2 John, who succeeded his nephew as 5th Duke; he d. without issue in 1675, when the male lino of William, 3rd Duke, became extinct, as did the title of Mar¬ quis of Hertford. The Dukedom and other titles devolved on the male heir, grandson of Francis, created, in 1641, Baron Seymour of Trowbridge, brother of William, 3rd Duke. This Lord Francis d. in 1664, and was succeeded by his only son, Charles, 2nd Lord Seymour of Trowbridge, who d. in 1665, leaving two surviving sons, viz.: 1 Francis, his successor, 3rd Lord, who also succeeded, on the failure of the elder line, as 6th Duke of Somerset ; he was murdered at Lerice, in Italy, in 1673, by the vengeance of an Italian, for an affront offered to his wife, not by the Duke, but by some French gentleman with whom he was in company ; he d. unm., and was succeeded by his brother ; 2 Charles, 7th Duke, K.G., m. Elizabeth, only daughter and heir of Josceline, 5th Earl of Northumberland, and d. in 1748, leaving an only son, Algernon, !!th Duke, who, uniting in his own person the blood and the possessions of his illus¬ trious ancestors of the houses of Seymour and Percy, was perhaps the greatest subject this country has ever seen by hereditary right; he was summoned to Parlia¬ ment in his father’s lifetime as Baron Percy, in 1722, and created Earl of Northum¬ berland and Earl of Egremont, each with a special limitation, lie d. without sur¬ viving issue male in 1750, when the titles of Earl of Hertford and Baron Beauchamp of Hache, and Seymour of Trowbridge, became extinct; the Barony of Percy, by writ 1722, devolved on his only daughter and heir Lady Elizabeth, m. to Sir Hugh Smithson, Bart. ; the Earldoms of Northumberland and Egremont descended ac¬ cording to the respective patents; and the Dukedom of Somerset and 1st Barony of Seymour, by the failure of heirs male of the 1st Duke by his second marriage, de¬ volved, according to the limitation of the patent, on Sir Edward Seymour, Bart., 9th Duke, the 6th lineal descendant and heir male of Sir Edward Seymour, son of the 1st Duke, by his 1st marriage ; whose posterity were thus put into possession of their birthright, after an exclusion in favour of a junior branch, which had continued for two hundred years. This Sir 457 SOM Edward Seymour, the son of the 1st Duke, was restored in blood by Act of Par¬ liament in 15S3, and d. in 1593; Sir Edward, his son, was created a Baronet in 1611, and d. in 1613 ; he was succeeded by his eldest son, Sir Edward, who expended £20,000 on improving and enlarging his ancient castle of Bury-Pomeroy, in Devon¬ shire, which was afterwards laid in ruins by the Parliamentary army for the adher¬ ence of its owner and his family to the Royal cause; he d. in 1659. Henry, his 2nd son, served under the Marquis of Hertford, (3rd Duke of Somerset,) through¬ out the civil war, and being attached to the household of the Prince of Wales, was the bearer of the last messages which passed between the Prince and his Royal father; lie left a son, Sir Henry Seymour, Bart., of Langley Park, Co. Bucks, who d. without issue in 1714. Thomas, 3rd son, and Sir Joseph, 6th son, of this Sir Ed¬ ward, also left male issue. Sir Edward Seymour, 3rd Bart., his eldest son and successor, was amongst the faithful and active adherents of King Charles I.; he d. in 1688, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Sir Edward, 4th Bart., who makes a conspicuous figure in the political transactions of his time. He was elected Speaker of the House of Com¬ mons in 1673; but when again elected to that office in 1679, though at the time a Privy Councillor and Treasurer of the Navy, the King three times refused to sanc¬ tion his appointment. He opposed the Bill of Exclusion with forcible and effica¬ cious arguments, but was a chief promoter of the Habeas Corpus Act, and at the Revolution joined the Prince of Orange. On the accession of Queen Anne, he was offered a Peerage, which from motives of family pride (for he is described as the proudest of men) he declined, but procured the title of Baron Conway for his youngest son. He d. in 1708, leaving two sons by his first wife, viz. : Sir Edward Seymour, his successor; and Lieut.-General William Seymour, who d, without issue in 1728; by his second wife, Letitia, daughter of Francis Popham, Esq., of Littlecote, Co. Wilts, and cousin of the 3rd Viscount Conway, in Ireland, he had six sons, on whom Lord Conway settled his estates in tail male ; the two eldest were, Popham, who having taken the name of Conway, d. unm. in 1699 ; and Francis, created Baron Conway, as above mentioned, in 1703 ; he was ancestor of the present Marquis of Hertford— see that title in this volume ; the four younger sons d. without male issue. Sir Edward Seymour, 5th Bart., d. in 1741, leaving three sons, of whom the two elder left issue, viz. 1 Sir Edward, his successor, who succeeded as 9th Duke, on the extinction of the junior line of this noble house by the death, in 1750, of Algernon, 8th Duke. 2 Francis, who d. 23 Dec. 1761, having m. Elizabeth, daughter of Alexander Popham, of Littlecote, Co. Wilts, and widow of Edward, Viscount Hinchinbroke,by whom she was mother of the 4th Earl of Sandwich ; and by her left issue, a son and a daughter; the latter, Mary, m. 30 Nov. 1758, John Bailey of Sutton, Co. Somerset; and the son, Henry Seymour, Esq., m. 1st, 24 July 1753, Lady Caroline Cowper, only daughter of William, 2nd Earl Cowper, who was b. 20 June 1733, and d. 3 June 1772 ; and 2ndly, 5 Oct. 1775, Louise Countess de Panthou, who d. in April 1815. By the 1st marriage he had two daughters, and by the 2nd an only son, Henry Seymour, Esq., of Northbrook, Devon, and Knoyle, Wilts, M.P., for all of whom see The Peerage Volume. Edward, 9th Duke, d. in 1757 ; having m. Mary, sole daughter and heir of Daniel Webb, of Monkton-Farley, Co. Wilts, Esq., and niece and heir of Edward Somner of Seend, Co. Wilts, by whom, who d. in 1768, he had four sons, viz.: 1 Edward, 10th Duke, who succeeded his father, and d. unm. in 1792. 2 Webb, 11th Duke, who d. in 1793, and was succeeded by his eldest surviving son, Edward-Adolphus, present and 12th Duke ; his younger son, Lord Webb- John Seymour, b. 7 Feb. 1777, and d. unm. 15 April 1819. 3 Lord William, who d. 29 Oct. 1800 ; having m. 5 June 1767, Hester, daughter and heir of John Maltravers, Esq., by whom, who d. in May 1812, he had issue. See The Peerage Volume. 4 The Very Rev. Lord Francis, Dean of Wells, b. 1726, d. Jan. 1799, having m. in 1749, Catherine, daughter of the Rev. T. Payne, by whom, who d. 21 Dec. 1801, he had issue : 1 Edward, who d. unm. 23 June 1775. 2 Colonel Francis-Compton Seymour, who is deceased ; having m. in 1787, Leonora Hudson, by whom, who d. June 1795, he left the three sons stated in The Peerage Volume. 3 Frances, m. 1st, to Dr. Thomas Bovett. and 2ndly, to the Rev. James Tuson, who is deceased. 458 S O M 4 Mary, deceased, having m. 1st, in Sept. 1773, John Hyde, Esq., and alter his death, 2ndly, 4 Feb. 1798, John Payne, Esq., who is also deceased. 5 Catherine, deceased ; having m. 1st, in June 1776, John Newton, of King’s Bromley, Co. Stafford, Esq.; this marriage was dissolved in 1782, and she m. 2ndly, the Baron de Constant, who is deceased. His Grace is the eldest co-heir of the Barony of Beauchamp of Hache, (by writ in 1299,) which has been in abeyance since 1380, between the three sisters and co-heirs of John, 3rd Baron, being the lineal descendant and heir male of the mar¬ riage of Cecily, his eldest sister, with Sir Roger Seymour. SOMERVILLE, BARON. (Somerville.) Peer of Scotland. Sir Walter de Somerville accompanied William the Conqueror into England ; his grandson William settled in Scotland in the reign of King David I., and 9th in descent from him was Thomas Somerville, created a Peer of Parliament about 1424, and d. in 1445. William, 2nd Lord, his only son, succeeded, and d. in 1455 ; he was followed by his eldest son John, 3rd Lord, whose younger son John, killed at the battle of Flodden in 1513, was ancestor of the Somervilles of Cambusnethan ; his eldest son William, Master of Somerville, d. before him, leaving two sons, John, 4th Lord, who succeeded his grandfather, and d. without issue ; and Hugh, 5th Lord, who succeeded his brother, and d. in 1549. James, 6th Lord, his eldest son and successor, joined Queen Mary at Hamilton in 1568, and was severely wounded in the battle of Langside; he d. in 1569, leaving two sons, of whom the younger was progenitor of a family of Somerville, still subsisting, and Hugh, the elder, suc¬ ceeded him as 7th Lord ; he d. in 1597, leaving two surviving sons, Gilbert, his successor, and Hugh, ancestor of the present Lord Somerville. Gilbert, 8th Lord, lived in a style of splendour so much exceeding his means, that he ruined his estate, and dying without male issue in 1618, left to his brother only an unportioned title. Hugh Somerville of Drum, 2nd son of the 7th Lord, and who should have succeeded his brother as 9th Lord, never assumed the title; he d. in 1640, and was succeeded at Drum by a direct lineage of four generations of the name of James, none of whom assumed the rights of the Peerage. James, who should have been 10th Lord, d. in 1677 ; .Tames, 11th Lord, in 1690 ; James, his eldest son, d. before him in 1682, leaving a son James, at whose baptism, in 1674, his father, grandfather, and great-grandfather were present; he succeeded his grandfather in 1690, and should have been 12th Lord; he d. in 1709. His son and successor, James, 13th Lord, claimed and established his right to the Peerage before the House of Lords in 1723, and d. in 1765, leaving two sons : 1 James, 14th Lord, his successor, who d. unm. in 1796. 2 The Hon. Lieut.-Colonel Hugh Somerville, who d. in 1795, leaving John, 459 SON 15th Lord, who succeeded his uncle, and d. unm. in 1819 ; Mark, present and 18th Lord, and other issue stated in The Peerage Volume. SONDES, BARON. (Watson.) Peer of Great Britain. Sir Lewis Watson, Bart., a zealous loyalist at the time of Charles I., was created Baron Rockingham of Rockingham Castle, Co. Northampton, in 1645, he it. in 165'2, and was succeeded by his only surviving son, Edward, 2nd Lord Rockingham; he m. the Lady Anne Wentworth, eldest daughter of Thomas, 1st Earl of Strafford, the distinguished and unfortunate Minister of King Charles I., and d. in 1691, leaving by her, besides other issue, the two sons following: 1 Lewis, his successor, 3rd Lord Rockingham ; he m. Catherine, daughter and at length sole heir of Sir George Sondes, K.B., of Lees Court, in Kent, created Baron of Throughley, Viscount Sondes, and Earl of Feversham ; and was in con¬ sequence created, in 1714, Baron of Throughley, and Viscount Sondes of Lees Court, Co. Kent, and Earl of Rockingham, Co. Northampton ; he d. in 1724, having had, besides two elder daughters, both married, and a younger son George, w T ho d. unm. the following issue, 1 Edward, Viscount Sondes, who d. before his father, having m. Catherine, eldest daughter and co-heir of Thomas Tufton, 6th Earl of Thanet, and 18th Baron De Clifford, by writ, by whom he left two sons, successive Earls of Rockingham, Lewis, 2nd Earl, and Thomas, 3rd Earl, who both d. without issue, the latter in 1746; and a daughter Catherine, who m. Edward Southwell, Esq., by whom she was mother of Edward Southwell, 20th Lord De Clifford, in favour of whose descent through her that Barony was called out of abeyance in 1776. 2 Lady Margaret (3rd daughter); she m. John Monson, 1st Lord Monson, and had issue, John, 2nd Lord Monson, and Lewis, 1st Lord Sondes. 2 Thomas, who succeeding by will to the estates of his uncle William, 2nd Earl of Strafford, assumed the name and arms of Wentworth, and was created Baron Malton in 1728, and Earl of Malton, in 1734: in 1746 he succeeded his great- nephew Thomas, 3rd Earl, as 4th Earl of Rockingham, and was in the same year advanced to the dignity of Marquis of Rockingham ; he d. in 1750, leaving one son, the only survivor of five, Charles, 2nd Marquis, his successor, who d. when Prime Minister in 1782, without issue; his eldest sister Anne m. William, 3rd Earl Fitz- William, and her son, the present Earl, has inherited the Wentworth estates and assumed the surname of Wentworth. Thomas, 3rd Earl of Rockingham, appointed his cousin, Lewis Monson, 2nd son of John, 1st Lord Monson, by the Lady Margaret Watson, heir to his estates, on condition of his assuming the name and arms of Watson ; he was created, in 1760, Baron Sondes of Lees Court, Co. Kent; b. 28 Nov. 1728, and if. 30 March 1795 ; having m. 12 Oct. 1752, Grace, 4th daughter and co-heir of the Right Hon. Henry Pelham, brother of Thomas, 1st Duke of Newcastle, who was b. in Jan. 1735, and d. 31 July 1777. Lewis-Thomas, 2nd Lord, their eldest son, succeeded his father; and d. in 1806, when he was succeeded by his eldest son, Lewis-Richard, 3rd Lord : on whose death in 1836, the title devolved on his next brother. George- 460 sou John, present and 4tli Lord, who assumed the name of Mili.es in 1330, on succeed¬ ing to the estates of his maternal grandfather. SOUTHAMPTON, BARON OF. (Fitz-Roy.) Peer of Great Britain. Charles Fitz-Roy, brother of Augustds-Henry, 3rd Duke of Grafton, and 2nd son of Lord Augustus Fitz-Roy, 2nd son of Charles, 2nd Duke of Grafton, (under which title Lord Southampton’s pedigree will be found,) was created in 1730, Baron of Southampton, Co. Hants; he d. in 1797, leaving a numerous issue, for whom see The Peerage Volume , and was succeeded by his eldest son, George- Ferdinand, 2nd Lord, to whom succeeded in 1010, his eldest son Charles, pr esent and 3rd Lord. SOUTHWELL, VISCOUNT. (Southwell.) Peer of Ireland. His Lordship’s ancestors derived their surname from Southwell, in the County of Nottingham. Of this family was Sir John de Suthwell, who obtained from King Edward T. a grant of the castle of Bordeaux for life, in consideration of his having surrendered himself a hostage to procure the liberty of Charles, King of Sicily, who had been taken prisoner in Arragon. John Southwell, of Felix Hall, Co. Essex, Representative for Lewes in the reign of King Henry VI. had two sons: 1 Robert, ancestor of the late Lord De Clifford ; 2 John, from whom descended John Southwell of Barham, Co. Suffolk, who removed to Ireland in the reign of James I. ; his fourth son, Edmond Southwell, Esq. of Castle Mattress, Co. Limerick, m. Katherine, daughter and heir of Garret Herbert, of Rathkeale. Esq., b y whom he was father of Sir Thomas, created a Baronet in 1062. His son, Sir Thomas, having attached himself to the cause of the Revolution. 461 STA was made prisoner try a marauding party in the interest of King James in Galway and only escaped death by the influence and active exertions of William, Lord Mackenzie, afterwards 5th Earl of Seaforth. He was created, in 1717, Baron Southwell of Castle Mattress, Co. Limerick, which honour devolved, on his death in 1720, upon his eldest son, Thomas, 2nd Lord. He d. in 1760, and was succeeded by his eldest surviving son, Thomas-George, 3rd Lord, who was created Viscount Southwell in 1776, and d. in 1780, when he was succeeded by his eldest son, Thomas-Arthur, 2nd Viscount, who d. in 1796, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Thomas-Anthony, present and 3rd Vis¬ count. SPENCER, EARL, (Spencer.) Peer of Great Britain. The Hon. John Spencer, 4th son of Charles, 3rd Earl of Sunderland, [by Lady Anne Churchill, 2nd daughter and co-heir of John Churchill, the 1st and great Duke of Marlborough], and brother of Charles Spencer, 3rd Duke of Marlborough (under which title his Lordship’s pedigree is deduced), came into possession of the ancient family seat at Althorpe and other estates of the Sunderland family, on the succession of his brother to the Marlborough inheritance ; he also succeeded by will to a con¬ siderable property on the death of his grandmother, Sarah, Duchess of Marlborough ; he d. 20 June 1746 ; having m. Lady Georgiana-Caroline, 3rd daughter of John Carteret, Earl Granville, by whom (who rn. 2ndly, 1 May 1750, William, 2nd Earl Cowper, but had no issue by him, and d. in Aug. 1780), he had one son, John, created, in 1761, Baron and Viscount Spencer of Althorpe, Co. North¬ ampton, and in 1765 Viscount Althorpe and Eari, Spencer; he d. in 1783, and was succeeded by his only son, George-John, 2nd Earl, and K.G. ; to whom, in 1834, succeeded his eldest son John-Charles, present and 3rd Earl. STAFFORD, BARON. (Stafford-Jerningham.) Peer of England. Sir William Howard, 2nd son of Thomas Howard, styled Earl of Arundel and Surrey, but by descent 6th Duke of Norfolk, m. Mary, sister and at length heir of S T A Henry, 4th Lord Stafford, from the creation of that Barony in 1547 in favour of his ancestor in the 4th degree, Henry, son and heir of Edward Stafford, Duke of Buckingham, Earl of Stafford, Hereford, Northampton, and Buckingham, Baron Stafford, by writ 1299, and Lord High Constable of England, who was attainted and beheaded in 1521; 4th in descent from the marriage of Edward, 6th Lord Stafford, with Lady Anne Plantagenet, only surviving child and heir of Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester, 6th son of King Edward III. The Barony of 1547, which was limited by Act of Parliament to the heirs male of the body of Henry, the restored Lord Stafford, became extinct about 1640, by the death of Roger, 5th Lord, his last male descendant; and the above Sir Wuxiam Howard, and Mary, his wife, lineal heiress of the ancient but attainted Barons Stafford, and of Thomas of Woodstock, Duke of Gloucester, were created, in 1640, Baron and Baroness Stafford, with remainder to the heirs male of their bodies, failing which to the heirs female of their bodies; and Sir William was in the same year created Vis¬ count Stafford, with remainder to the heirs male of his body. He was accused in 1678 of being concerned in the Popish Plot, convicted on Oates’s evidence, and be¬ headed. They had three sons, who, on account of their father’s attainder, were pre¬ cluded from inheriting his titles; they were, Henry, John, and Francis; the latter attended King James II. in his exile, and left an only son, Henry, who d. unm. Henry, the eldest son, who, but for the attainder, would have been 2nd Lord, was created Earl of Stafford in 1688, with remainder, failing his issue male, to his bro¬ thers, John and Francis ; he m. 3 April 1694, Claude-Charlotte, eldest daughter of Philibert, Count de Grammont, but d. childless, 19 April 1719, when he was sue ceeded by his nephew, eldest son of his next brother, John Stafford-Howard ; he d. in 1714, leaving three sons and several daughters ; the sons were, William, who succeeded his uncle as 2nd Earl of Stafford, and should have been 3rd Lord ; John-Paul, who became 4th Earl ; and Edward, who d. before his brothers, unm. ; the daughters all d. without issue, except Mary, the eldest, who m. Francis Plowden, Esq., and by him had a son, Francis, who d. unm. in 1788, and a daughter, at length her sole heir, Mary, m. to Sir George Jerning- ham, Bart., by whom she was mother of Sir William Jerningham, father of the pre¬ sent Lord. William, the eldest son, 3rd Lord, and 2nd Earl of Stafford, d. in 1734, leaving one son, Willlam-Matthias, 3rd Earl, who should have been 4th Lord ; and who d. without issue in 1751 ; and three daughters: the Lady Mary, who m. Guy, Count of Rohan-Chabot, and d. without issue in 1769 ; the Ladies Anastasia and Anne, both nuns. On the death of William-Matthias, 3rd Earl, his titles devolved on John-Paul, his uncle and heir male, the 4th Earl, and who should have been 5th Lord, on whose death, without issue, in 1762, the Earldom became extinct. He was the last male descendant of Sir William Howard, Viscount Stafford, and 1st Lord ; but for whose attainder the Barony of 1640 would, on the extinction of his male heirs, have fallen into abeyance between the above three sisters of the 3rd Earl, and, on the decease of the Ladies Mary and Anne, would have emerged in the person of the Lady Anastasia Stafford-Howard, by right of inheritance 6th Baroness ; she d. in 1807, when Sir William Jerningham, Bart., of Cossey-Hall, Co. Norfolk, son of Sir George Jerningham, Bart., by Mary, daughter and at length sole heir, of Francis Plowden, Esq., by Mary, eldest daughter of John Stafford-Howard, 2nd son of the 1st Lord, would, but for the iniquitous attainder of his ancestor, have become 7th Lord. That attainder was reversed in 1824, in favour of his son Sir George-William, the present and 8th Lord, and the title and precedence of daughter of a Baron was granted in 1831 to Charlotte-Georgiana, his only daughter. The claim of the present Lord to the Barony created by patent in 1640, was al¬ lowed by the House of Peers 6 July 1825. His Lordship, who has assumed the ad¬ ditional name of Stafford, also claims the ancient Barony by writ 1299, but his right to it has not yet been decided upon. The family of Jerningham has been seated in the Counties of Norfolk and Suf¬ folk, nearly from the time of the Conquest. Sir Henry Jerningham, 15th in descent from Jernegan, the first of the n.ame on record, was created a Baronet in 1621, and was ancestor, in the 6th degree, of the present Lord. 463 S T A STAIR, EARL OF. (Dalrymple ) Peer of Scotland. .Tames Dalrymple, Esq., of Stair, President of the Court of Session, 8th in descent from William de Dalrymple, who obtained the lands of Stair Montgomery, in Ayr¬ shire, by marriage in 1450, was created, in 16'90, Viscount of Stair, Lord Glenluce and Stranraer; he d. in 1695, leaving five sons, viz. : 1 John, his successor, 2nd Viscount and 1st Earl of Stair. 2 The Hon. Sir .Tames Dalrymple, created a Baronet in 1698 ; he had a nume¬ rous issue, of whom the two sons following have left descendants : 1 Sir John, his successor, who d. in 1743; he had also a numerous issue, of whom, only one son left issue, Sir William Dalrymple, Bart., his successor ; he d. in 1771, leavingissue, 1 Sir John Dalrymple, Bart., of Cousland and Fala, who was b. in 1725, and d. 26 Feb. 1810, having m. 7 Oct. 1760, Elizabeth, only daugh¬ ter and heir of Thomas Hamilton-Macgill, Esq., by whom, who d. 4 May 1 829, he had Lieut.-General Sir John Hamilton-Dalrymple, Bart., and the other issue stated in The Peerage Volume. 2 Lieut.-Coloncl William Dalrymple, of Fordel ; who was h. in 1747 and d. 3 March 1794 ; having m. Diana, daughter of- Moly- neux. Esq., by whom, who d. 27 April 1817, he left Marton Dal¬ rymple, Esq., deceased, and the other issue stated in The Peerage Volume. 3 General Samuel Dalrymple, for whom and Sir AVilliam’s other issue, see The Peerage Volume. 2 Robert Dalrymple, Esq., of Killock ; he d. in 1765 ; his son, Admiral John Dalrymple d. in 1798, leaving a son, Robert Dalrymple, Esq., of Killock, who is also deceased. 3 The Hon. Sir Hew Dalrymple of North Berwick, created a Baronet in 1698 ; he d. in 1737 ; having had, besides other issue: 1 Sir Robert, who d. before his father in 1734, having m. Johanna, daughter and heir of the Hon. Sir John Hamilton, [eldest son of John, 2nd Lord Bargeny, whose title has not been claimed since the death of his grandson, James, 4th Lord Bargeny, 28 March 1736,] he was father by' her of Sir Hew Dalrymple-Hamilton, who succeeded his grandfather, and d. 13 Feb. 1800, leaving, by his marriage with Janet, 2nd daughter of William Duff, Esq., the late Sir Hew Dalrymple-Hamilton, Bart., and other issue, for whom see The Peerage Volume. 2 Hew Dalrymple, Esq., a Lord of Session, by the title of Lord Drummore ; he d. in 1755, having m. Anne Horn, heiress of Horn and Westhall, by whom he had issue : 1 General Robert Dalrymple, who was b. 1 March 1718, m. 9 July 1754, Mary, daughter and heir of Sir James Elphinstone of Logie- Elphinstone, and assumed the additional names of Horn and El¬ phinstone ; he d. 20 April 1794, leaving issue. Sir Robert Dal- ry'mple-IIorn-Elphinstone of Horn and Logie-Elphinstone, created a Baronet in 1828, and the six daughters stated in The Peerage Volume. 464 S T A 2 David Dalrymple, Esq., a Lord of Session, by the title of Lord Westhall; he d. in 1784, leaving issue all now extinct. 3 Colonel Campbell Dalrymple, b. 27 Aug. 1725, d. in June 17G7, having w. 4 Sept. 1753, a daughter of John Douglas, Esq., who m. 2ndly, 23 Dec. 176!), Charles Dalrymple, Esq., 3rd son of Sir Robert, eldest son of the Honourable Sir Hew, the founder of this branch ; for his issue see The Peerage Volume. 3 John Dalrymple, Esq., who d. in 1753 ; he was father of the late General Sir Hew-Whiteford Dalrymple, Bart., who was b. 3 Dec. 1750, m. 16 May 1783, Frances, youngest daughter and co-heir of General Francis Leighton, who d. in 1823 ; Sir Hew d. 9 July 1830 : for their issue see The Peerage Volume. 4 James, father of Hew Dalrymple, Esq., of Nunraw, who d. in 1791, leaving a son, Kirby Dalrymple, Esq., of Nunraw, and other issue—See The Peerage Volume. 4 The Hon. Thomas Dalrymple, Physician to the King in Scotland, d. without issue. 5 The Hon. Sir David Dalrymple of Hailes, created a Baronet in 1700 ; and d. in 1721, leaving a son and successor, Sir James, who d. in 1751, leaving issue : 1 Sir David Dalrymple, Bart., a Lord of Session, by the title of Lord Hailes; he was b. 19 Oct. 1726, and d. 29 Nov. 1792; having m. 1st, 12 Nov. 1763, Anne, daughter of George Browne, Esq., Lord Coalston, who d. 18 May 1768 ; and 2ndly, 20 March 1770, Helen, daughter of Sir James Fergusson, Bart., Lord Kilkerran, who d. lONov. 1810. He left a daughter by each marriage, for whom see The Peerage Volume. 2 John Dalrymple, Esq., b. 1734, d. 8 Aug. 1779, having m. 28 June 1774, Anne-Young, daughter of Walter Pringle, Esq., by whom he was father of the late Major-General Sir John-Pringle Dalrymple, Bart., and other issue, for whom see The Peerage Volume. John, the eldest son of the 1st Viscount, who succeeded his father, was appointed Secretary of State for Scotland in 1691, but was obliged to resign that office in 1695, on account of his share in issuing the order for the massacre of Glenco, which in a vote and address of the Scotch Parliament, was declared to be a barbarous murder, and for the same reason was obliged, though he succeeded to his father’s title of Viscount in 1695, to absent himself from the House of Lords till 1700, when he took the oaths and his seat. He was created, in 1703, Earl of Stair, Viscount Dal¬ rymple, Lord Newliston, Glenluce, and Stranraer, with remainder, failing the heirs male of his body, to the heirs male of the body of his father, James, 1st Viscount Stair. He entered so earnestly into the measure of the Union, that exhaustion, caused by the fatigue and anxiety he suffered in bringing it to bear, occasioned his sudden death, 8 Jan. 1707. He was ancestor of all the succeeding Earls, and left three sons, viz. : 1 John, 2nd Earl, who succeeded his father; he served with great distinction in the campaigns of the Duke of Marlborough, and had commands in the battles of Ramilies, Oudenarde, and Malplaquet, but quitted the anny soon after the retire¬ ment of the Duke of Marlborough, when the intention of ministers to separate from the Allies became manifest. On the accession of King George L, he was appointed Ambassador Extraordinary to the Court of France ; in which capacity he incurred the displeasure of the English Ministry by endeavouring to open the eyes of the Regent Duke of Orleans to the juggling pretences of the financier Law, of Mis¬ sissippi notoriety. He was recalled in 1720, and, entering warmly into opposition to the Walpole administration, remained in retirement till its dissolution in 1742, when he was appointed commander of the allied forces in Flanders with the rank of Field-Marshal. In the following year, the King in person taking the command of the army, the Earl fought under his Majesty at the battle of Dettingen ; but, finding his counsels slighted, and a preference shown on all occasions to the Hano¬ verian troops, resigned his command and retired. He d. in 1747, with the reputation of one of the most penetrating statesmen, and most expeiienced and brave warriors of his time ; no less eminent in the Cabinet than in the field ; of incorruptible in¬ tegrity, and adorned by the finest accomplishments and manners. He was m. but left no issue. And his next brother and heir having m. Penelope, Countess of Dum¬ fries, he obtained a renewal of his patent, granting the Earldom of Stair to the second and every succeeding son of that marriage in tail male, and, failing such issue, to William, Earl of Dumfries, and his heirs male, conditionally that the two Earldoms should be separated so soon as there should be two sons descended of the said Earl to enjoy them. 465 H H S T A 2 The Hon. William Dalrymple of Glenmure ; he d. before his elder brother in 1744, having m. Penelope, Countess of Dumfries, eldest daughter of Charles, Lord Crichton, and sister and heir of William, 3rd Earl of Dumfries; she d. in 1742 : they had besides other issue, who all d. unm., the following: 1 William, who succeeded his mother as 5th Earl of Dumfries, and on the death of his last surviving brother James, succeeded as 4th Earl of Stair, he d. without surviving issue in 1758. 2 James, who succeeded his uncle as 3rd Earl, according to the limitations of the renewed patent: he d. without issue in 1760, and was the last surviving male descendant of his father, except William, Earl of Dum¬ fries, who accordingly succeeded as 4th Earl ; and on his death the title devolved on the descendants of the Hon. George Dalrymple, 3rd son of the 1st Earl. 3 The Hon. George Dalrymple of Dalmahoy ; he d. in 1745, leaving two sons, viz.: 1 John, 5th Earl, who succeeded on the death of his cousin, William, Ear of Dumfries and Stair, and d. in 1789, leaving one son, John, 6th Earl, who had been Minister Plenipotentiary to the King and Republic of Poland, and was, at the time of his accession to the Earldom, Envoy Extraordinary, and Minister Plenipotentiary at the Court of Berlin. He was b. 24 Sept. 1749, succeeded 13 Oct. 1789, and d. unm. 1 June 1821. 2 William, b. 1735, and d. 23 Feb. 1807 ; leaving one son, John-William- Henry, who succeeded his uncle, and is the present and 7th Earl. STAMFORD, EARL OF. (GRJiY.) Peer of England. Anchetil de Grey, who is recorded in the Doomsday Book, but whose pedigree, whether Saxon or Norman, is uncertain, was the Patriarch of this nob «family, one of the most ancient, most widely spread, and most illustrious in the English Peerage ; his great-grandson. Sir John de Grey, was father of Sir Henry de Grey, who had six sons, viz. 1 Richard, whose grandson, Henry, was summoned to Parliament in 1299, as Baron Grey of Codnor, from whom the Lords Grey of Codnor continued, in lineal male succession, till the death of Henry, 7th Lord in 1496, when the Barony fell into abeyance. 2 Sir John ; he d. in 1265, and was father of Reginald, summoned to Parliament in 1295, as Baron Grey of Wilton; as he was ancestor of the Earl of Stamford, his issue will be stated below. 3 William, possessor of Landford, Co. Notts, and Sandiacre, Co. Derby, and supposed to be the William de Grey of Cavendish, Co. Suffolk, from whom Lord Walsingham claims his descent. 4 Robert, whose great-grandson was summoned to Parliament in 1388, as Baron Grey of Rotherfield. His male line failed in 1387, when the Barony was carried by females into the family of Lovell, and forfeited in 1487. 466 S T A , r > Walter, Lord Chancellor, and Archbishop of York ; lie d. in 1255. 6 Henry. Reginald, 1st Baron Grey de Wilton, son and heir of Sir John, 2nd son of Sir Henry de Grey, d. in 1308 ; his son and successor, John, 2nd Lord Grey de Wilton, d. in 1323, leaving two sons; 1 Henry, from whom the Barons Grey de Wilton continued in lineal male succession to Arthur, 14th Lord, a very eminent nobleman of the reign of Queen Elizabeth, and Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, the patron there of the Poet Spencer; he d. in 1593, and was succeeded by his son and heir, Thomas, the last Lord Grey de Wilton, who being a violent Puritan, had the misfortune to be implicated in Raleigh’s plot, for which he was attainted of treason in 1G04, and his Peerage forfeited; he d. in the Tower in 1G18. His sister and heir, Bridget, m. Sir Rowland Egerton, Bart., and from them descended the late Earl of Wilton, maternal grandfather of the pre¬ sent Earl of Wilton. 2 Roger, summoned to Parliament in 1324, as Baron Grey de Ruthyn ; he d. in 1353; his son and successor, Reginald, 2nd Lord Grey de Ruthyn, d. in 1388, and was succeeded by his son, Reginald, 3rd Baron Grey de Ruthyn, who was twice married ; 1st, to Margaret, daughter of William, Lord Roos, by whom he had his son and heir; 2ndly, to Joan, daughter and sole heir of William, 4th Baron Astley, by writ 1295, and by her had three sons, the two younger of whom were, John Grey of Barwell, in Leicestershire, and Robert Grey of Enville, in Staffordshire. The Lord Reginald’s two eldest sons were, 1 John, who d. before his father, leaving two sons, Edmund and Thomas. The younger, an active Lancastrian, was created Baron Grey of Rugemont, by King Henry VI., and attainted in the first year of Edward IV.; he left no issue. Edmund, the eldest son, succeeded his grandfather as 4th Lord Grey de Ruthyn, and, in 1465, was created Earl of Kent; in which Earldom this Barony continued merged till the death, in 1639, of Henry, 8th Earl, whose sister and heir carried the Barony into the family of Longueville, through which, and that of Yelverton, Earl of Sussex, it descended to Henry Gould, 20th Lord, father of the Baroness Grey de Ruthyn, wife of the Marquis of Hastings. The Earldom of Kent devolved on Anthony Grey, cousin and heir male of the 8th Earl, whose great-grandson, Henry, was created Duke of Kent, and d. in 1740 ; when the male line of the Earls of Kent became extinct, and his title of Marquis Grey passed to his grand-daughter, the Countess of Hardwicke, whose eldest daughter and co-heir was created Countess de Grey, and whose youngest daughter was mother of Thomas-Philip, Lord Grantham, who, in 1833, succeeded his aunt as Earl De-Grey. 2 Edward, Lord Astley, (eldest son by the 2nd marriage,) he m. Elizabeth, grand-daughter and heir of William, 5th Baron Fcrrars of Groby, (by writ 1297.) and was summoned to Parliament as Baron Ferrars of Groby; he d. in 1457, and these two Baronies afterwards descended together. The Lord Edward had three sons, viz. 1 Sir John Grey, Lord Astley and Ferrars of Groby, but never summoned to Parliament; he was killed in the second battle of St. Albans, on the Lan¬ castrian side in 1461 ; hem. the Lady Elizabeth Widville, eldest daughter of Richard, Earl Rivers, K.G., and by her, who after his death became the Queen Consort of Edward IV., and mother of Edward V., and of the Princess Elizabeth, heiress of the House of York, and wife of 11 enry V11 he had two sons, 1 Sir Thomas, who succeeded his grandfather as Baron Astley, and Ferrars of Groby, and was created Marquis of Dorset; see below. 2 Sir Richard, taken prisoner by Richard, Duke of Gloucester, while as¬ sisting the Earl Rivers, his uncle, in conveying the young King Edward V. to London, and beheaded by his orders in Pomfret Castle, without trial or accusation, in 1483. 2 Edward; he d. in 1491, having m. Elizabeth, sister and heir of Thomas Talbot, 2nd Viscount L’lsle, became in her right Baron L'lsle, and was created, in 1483, Viscount L’lsle; his only son, John, 2nd Viscount, d. without issue male in 1512 ; and Elizabeth, daughter of the 1st and sister of the 2nd Viscount, becoming their eventual heir, carried the barony of L'lsle into the family of her husband, Edmund Dudley, whose son, by her, John Dudley, Duke of Northumberland, became in her right Baron L’lsle. 3 Reginald, killed on the Lancastrian side in the battle of Wakefield in 1460. 467 h h 2 ST A Sir Thomas Grey, 7th Lord Astley, and 8th Lord Ferrars of Groby, K.G., was created Marquis of Dorset in 1475 by his step-father. King Edward IV.-, after whose death he was attainted under Richard III., and restored in blood in the first year of Henry VII. He d. in 1501, having been twice married, 1st to Anne, daughter of Henry Holland, Earl of Exeter, by whom he had no issue ; and 2ndly, to Cecily, only daughter and heir of William, 3rd Baron Bonville, (by writ 1449,) and maternally, 6th Baron Harrington, (by writ 1324 ;) they had, besides other issue, Lord Leonard Grey, (their Gth son,) created Viscount Garney in Ireland ; but tried for some treasonable association with the Irish, attainted and beheaded on Tower-hill in 1541 ; and Thomas, (their eldest surviving son,) who succeeded to the titles of his father and mother, 2nd Marquis of Dorset, K.G. He d. in 1530, leaving four sons, viz., 1 Henry, 3rd Marquis, his successor, K.G., who, in 1551, was created Duke of Suffolk; having m. Frances, daughter and co-heir of Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk, by Mary, Queen-dowager of France, daughter of King Henry VII. The Duke, having been induced by the Duke of Northumberland to enter into the plot for raising his daughter, the Lady Jane Grey, to the Throne, was attainted and beheaded in 1555, when the titles of Duke of Suffolk, Marquis of Dorset, Baron Astley, Ferrars of Groby, Harrington, and Bonville, became forfeited. By Frances his Duchess, who after his death m. Adrian Stokes, Esq., and d. without issue by him in 1563, he had three daughters, viz.: 1 The accomplished and unfortunate Lady Jane Grey, whom the ambition of the Duke of Northumberland elevated to the throne only to bring her to an untimely grave ; she was m. to Lord Guildford Dudley, 4th son of that Duke, and who suffered on the scaffold on the same day that she was beheaded, 12 Feb. 1555. 2 Lady Catherine Grey, the eventual heir of the Princess Mary, whose unfor¬ tunate marriage with the Earl of Hertford has been related in this volume— see title Somerset. She d. a prisoner in the Tower, where her two sons were born. The present representative of this marriage is Richard- Plantagenet, Marquis of Chandos, eldest son of the Duke of Buckingham and Chandos. 3 Lady Mary Grey ; warned by the misfortunes of her sisters, she preferred security to honour, and m. Martin Keys, Esq., Serjeant-porter to Queen Elizabeth, and d. without issue. 2 Lord Thomas Grey, who, after the proclamation of Queen Mary, joined in the insurrection of Sir Thomas Wyat, and was beheaded 27 April 1555. 3 Lord Leonard Grey, concerned in the same rebellion, and also beheaded in the Tower. 4 Lord John Grey, who, after the execution of his three brothers, became the chief of this branch of the family, but could not inherit any of its honours on account of the attainder of his eldest brother, in whose person they were forfeited ; he d. in 1564. Sir Henry Grey, his only surviving son, purchased the Estate of Enville, in the County of Stafford ; he was created Baron Grey of Groby, Co. Leicester, in 1603, and d. in 1614; having survived his eldest son Sir John Grey, who left one son, Henry, successor to his grandfather; having, by marriage with Lady Anne Cecil, youngest daughter and co-heir of William, 2nd Earl of Exeter, become pos¬ sessed of the Castle, Borough, and Manor of Stamford, he was created, in 1628, Earl of Stamford. He commanded the Parliamentary army of the West in the commencement of the great rebellion, and met with a signal defeat from the Royal army at Stratton, in Cornwall, in May 1642 ; having taken refuge in Exeter, he proceeded thence to command the forces in Wales, and continued in arms till May 1644, when, tired of a thankless service, he requested leave to travel to the hot baths in France for the recovery of his health. His estates, during his absence, being all taken possession of by the Roj-al forces, his lady and children were reduced to great distress, and the Parliament voted £500 a-year for their support. He d. in 1673. He had four sons ; of Anchitel, the 2nd, and Leonard, the 4th sons, nothing remarkable is recorded ; the other two were, 1 Thomas, Lord Grey ; he entered from the first warmly into the rebellion, was military commander of the County of Leicester, where he was vehemently opposed by Colonel Hastings, a younger son of the Earl of Huntingdon, who fortified his father’s house at Ashby-de-la-Zouche, and thence maintained the Royal interest in Leicester and the adjoining counties ; and when, by the suppression of resistance on the part of this royalist, his occupation in this quarter was at an end, he repaired 468 S T A to London to take his share in the awful proceedings there in progress. lie sat in judgment on his Sovereign; signed the warrant for his murder ; and soon after, fall¬ ing under the displeasure of the usurper, was imprisoned in Windsor Castle. He obtained his liberty only to plunge into fresh excesses, and putting himself at the head of the 5th-monarchy men, was .again imprisoned. The government, unwilling to proceed to extremities against a man who had gone such lengths with them, again liberated him, and he d. from a fit of the gout, heightened by the violence of his passions, in 1657. He left one son, Thomas, who succeeded his grandfather as 2nd Earl. He was a strenuous opposer of popery and arbitrary power; was con¬ cerned in the Duke of Monmouth’s rebellion, but pardoned ; and was a zealous supporter of the Revolution. He d. in 1720, without issue, when the title and part of his estates devolved on his cousin. 2 John, (3rd son,) on whom his father conferred Enville Hall; he left one son, Harry, who succeeded his cousin as 3rd Earl, and d. in 1739, when he was suc¬ ceeded by his eldest son, Harry, 4th Earl, who d. in 1768 ; having m. the Lady Mary Booth, sole daughter and heir of George, 2nd Earl of Warrington, (by patent 1690, and 3rd Baron Delamere, by patent 1661, on whose death, 1758, those titles became extinct,) and their son and heir, George-Harry, 5th Eari, of Stamford, was created, in 1796, Baron Delamere of Dunham Massey, Co. Chester, and Earl of W arrington. They had three sons; viz.: 1 George-Harry, above-mentioned, 5th Eari, of Stamford and 1st of War¬ rington, under the present patent; for whom see The Peerage Volume. He d. in 1819, and was succeeded by his eldest son, George-Harry, present and 6th Earl. 2 Hon. Booth, b. 15 Aug. 1740, d. 4 March 1802 ; having m. 10 May 1782, Elizabeth, daughter of Charles Main waring, Esq., by whom, who d. 4 July 1823, he had the issue stated in The Peerage Volume. 3 Hon. John, b. 22 May 1743, d. in July 1802 ; having m. 22 July 1773, Susan¬ nah, daughter of Ralph Leycester, Esq., who d. 3 April 1832 ; for their issue see The Peerage Volume. STANHOPE. EARL. (Stanhope.) Peer of Great Britain. James Stanhope, eldest son, and the only son who left issue, of the Hon. Alex¬ ander Stanhope, 12th son of Philip, 1st Earl of Chesterfield, (which title, see for Earl Stanhope’s pedigree,) having risen to the rank of Major-General in the army, was appointed to the chief command of the British forces in Spain in 1798. His first enterprise, on assuming this command, was the reduction of Port Mahon, in the island of Minorca, which he achieved with great gallantry and skill ; this^ was followed up by the victories of Almenara and Saragossa, and in Sept. 1709 he entered Madrid, of which he took possession in the name of King Charles. But his triumphs were short. The Duke de Vendome assumed the command of the combined French and Spanish armies ; the Castilians attached to King Philip aban¬ doned Madrid and crowded to his standard ; the armies of Charles were neglected both by the governments of Vienna and London ; General Stanhope retreated before a superior force, and being deserted by the German Commander, Prince Starhem- berg, was surrounded at Brihuega at the end of November, and, after a short but vigorous resistance, was compelled to surrender with his whole army, amounting to 469 S T O two thousand men. On the accession of King Georoe I. he was appointed Secretary of State, and continued to hold a principal place in the Administration till his death. Hewas created, in 1717, Baron Stanhope of Elvaston, Co. Derby, and Viscount Stanhope of Mahon, with remainder, failing his issue male, to his kinsman, Thomas Stanhope, Esq., of Elvaston, and to Charles and William, his brothers, and their heirs male respectively, they were sons of John Stanhope, Esq., grandson of Sir John Stanhope of Elvaston, brother of the 1st Earl of Chesterfield. Of these three brothers, Thomas d. without issue ; Charles d. unm.; and William was created Earl of Harrington, and was ancestor of the present Earl, who, with all the male branches of his family, arc consequently in remainder to this Peerage. He was farther created Earl Stanhope in 1718, with remainder to the heirs male of his body. He d. in 1721, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Philip, 2nd Earl, who d. in 1786, and was succeeded by his only surviving son, Charles, 3rd Earl ; this ingenious and scientific nobleman was succeeded, in 1816, by his eldest son, Philip-IIenrv, present and 4th Earl. STOUI1TON, BARON. (Stourton.) Peer of England. Of this family, which took its name from the town of Stourton, in Wilts, was Botolph Stourton, who, with his followers, defending the passes in the West against William the Conqueror, obtained from him the terms he required. He was ancestor in the 10th degree of Sir John Stourton, created, in 1448, Baron Stourton of Stourton, Co. Wilts; he d. in 1462. William, 2nd Lord, his eldest son and successor, m. Margaret, 2nd daughter and co-heir of Sir John Chediock, co-heir with her sister Katherine, the wife of Sir John Arundel, of the Barony of Fitz-Payne, by writ 1299, Sir John, their father, being the son and heir of Sir John Chediock, who was son and heir of John Chediock, by Isabel his wife, sole daughter and heir of Robert, 5th Lord Fitz-Payne. The 2nd Lord Stourton and Margaret his wife, left three sons, John, William, and Edward, successive Lords. John, 3rd Lord, d. with¬ out issue male in 1484, and Anna, his daughter, d. unm. in 1533; William, 4th Lord, d. without issue in 1522; and Edward, 5th Lord, d. in 1536, and was succeeded by his eldest son, William, 6th Lord. His eldest son and successor, Charles, 7th Lord, was put to death at Salisbury in 1557, for having, with four of his sons, been concerned in a murder ; he was succeeded by his eldest son, John, 8th Lord, who d. in 1588, and was followed by his next brother, Edward, 9th Lord. To him succeeded, in 1632, his eldest son, William, 10th Lord, who sur¬ vived his eldest son Edward, a faithful adherent of King Charles I. in the civil war, and was succeeded by his grandson, William, 11th Lord, only son of the said Edward. The 11th Lord, d. in 1685, leaving, besides other issue, three sons, Edward and Thomas, successive Lords, who both d. without issue ; and Charles, who, with other children, was father of Charles, 14th Lord, who succeeded his uncle, Lord Thomas, in 1744, and d. without issue in 1753; and William, 15th Lord, who succeeded his brother, and d. in 1781. He m. Winifred, eldest daughter and co-heir of Philip Howard, Esq., brother of Thomas, 11th, and Edward, 12th Dukes of Norfolk, and co-heir with her sister, Anne Lady Petre, of the Baronies by writ accumulated in the house of Howard. Charles-Philip, their only son, succeeded his father as 16th Lord, and was followed in 1816 by his eldest son, William, present and 17th Lord. 470 S T R His Lordship, as grandson and heir of William, 15th Lord, by Winifrid, eldest daughter and co-heir of Philip Howard, Esq., brother of Thomas, 11th, and Edward, 12th Dukes of Norfolk, is co-heir (with Lord Petre, as grandson and heir of Anne, 2nd daughter of the said Philip Howard, Esq.,) of the Baronies by writ of Mowbray 129.5, Furnival 1295, Strange 1308, Talbot 1331, and Howard-1470 ; also co-heir (with Lord Petre, as above) of one moiety of the Baronies by writ of Segrave 1264, Greystock 1295, Verdon 1295, Braose of Gower 1299, Lisle 1357, and Dacre of Gillesland 1482. His Lordship is also co-heir, by the marriage above recited of W illiam, 2nd Lord with Margaret Chediock, of the Barony of Fitz- Payne, by writ 1299, to the other moiety of which Barony, Henry, 8th Lord Arundell, was heir; his co-heirs are Lord Arundell and Lady Clifford. STRADBROKE, EARL OF. (Rous.) Peer of the United Kingdom. The family of Rous existed in Suffolk, and are said to have had property at Strad- broke in that county, before the Conquest. Sir John Rous of Henham Hall, Co. Suffolk, 11 thin descent from Peter Le Rous of Dennington, Co. Suffolk, his first recorded ancestor, was created a Baronet in 1660. Sir John, 2nd Baronet, his son and heir, was high Sheriff' of Suffolk in 1661, and d. in 1730, leaving two sons, Sir John, his successor who d. unm. in 1731, and Sir Robert, 4th Baronet, who succeeded him, and d. in 1735, having m. Lydia, daughter of John Smith, Esq., of Holton, Co. Suffolk. Sir John Rous, 5th Baronet, their son, was b. in Feb. 1728, and d. 31 Oct. 1771 ; having m. in 1749, Judith, daughter of John Bedingfeld, Esq., who was b. 28 April 1730, (m. 2ndly, 3 Nov. 1772, the Rev. Edward Lockwood,) and d. in Sept. 1794, by whom he had issue, 1 Sir John, his successor, who was created, in 1796, Baron Rous of Den¬ nington; and Viscount Dunwich and Earl of Stradbroke, Co. Suffolk, in 1821. 2 Frances, late wife of Sir Henry Peyton, Bart., deceased. 3 Charlotte, who d. unm. in 1770. 4 Louisa-Judith, late wife of John Birch, Esq., Deputy Governor of Chandema- gore, in the East Indies, where she d. in 1794. The 1st Earl d. in 1827, and was succeeded by his eldest son, John-Edward Cornwallis, present and 2nd Earl. -171 S T R STRAFFORD, BARON. (Byng.) Peer of the United Kingdom. The gallant Lieutenant-General Sir John Byng, G.C.H., who in 1835, was created Baron Strafford of Harmondsworth, Co. Middlesex, is brother of George Byng, Esq., of Wrotham Park, Co. Middlesex, and youngest son of George Byng, Esq., son of the Honourable Robert Byng, 3rd son of the 1st Viscount Torrington. His Lordship’s Pedigree will be found under the title Torrington in this Volume. STRANGFORD, VISCOUNT. (Smythe.) Peer of Ireland and of the United Kingdom. John Smythe, Esq., of a very ancient family in Wiltshire, was of Corsham, in that county, in the reign of Henry VIII. ; his son Thomas was Farmer of the Customs to Queen Elizabeth, settled at Ostenhanger, in Kent, and d. in 1591, leaving, be¬ sides other issue, the three sons following, viz., 1 Sir John Smythe, who d. in 1G08, leaving an only son, Thomas, 1st Vis¬ count Strangford. 2 Sir Thomas Smythe, Ambassador to Russia in 1604 ; he d. in 1625, having m. Sarah, daughter and heir of William Blount, Esq.; who m. 2ndly, Robert Sydney, 1st Earl of Leicester, his eldest son, SiifrJohn, was father of Robert Smythe, Esq., of Bounds, near Tunbridge, who m. Lady Dorothy Sydney,_ eldest daughter of Ro¬ bert, 2nd Earl of Leicester. This branch ended in 1777, by the death of Sir Syd- ney-Stafford Smythe, Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer. 3 Sir Richard Smythe, of Leeds Castle, Co. Kent, who d. in 1628 ; his daughters became his co-heirs, on the death, in 1632, of his only son. Sir John Smythe. Sir Thomas Smythe, K.B., of Ostenhanger and Ashford, Co. Kent, m. Lady Barbara Sydney, 7th daughter of Robert, 1st Earl of Leicester, and was created, in 1628, Viscount Strangford of Strangford, Co. Down; he d. in 1635, and was succeeded by his son, Philip, 2nd Viscount, who m. Lady Isabella Sydney, young- 472 S T R est daughter of Robert, 2nd Earl of Leicester, by whom, who d. in 1GG3, he had no male issue. By his 2nd wife, Mary, daughter of George Porter, Esq., eldest son of Endymion Porter, Esq., groom of the Bedchamber to King Churles I., he was father of Endymion, 3rd Viscount, who succeeded him in 1708, and d. in 1724. He was succeeded by his only son, Philip, 5th Viscount, who d. in 1787, when Lionel, his only surviving son, 4th Viscount, succeeded ; he was followed in 1801 by his only surviving son, Percy-Clinton-Sydney, present and Gth Viscount, who in 1825 was created Baron Penhurst of Penhurst, Co. Kent, in the Peerage of the United Kingdom. STRATHALLAN, VISCOUNT. (Drummond.) Peer of Scotland. The first of this ancient family who settled in Scotland is said to have been Maurice, a Hungarian, who accompained Edgar Atheling and his sister Margaret into Scotland, and obtained from King Malcolm III. the lands of Drymen, from whence his posterity derived their surname. l'rom him descended Sir Malcolm Drummond, who flourished in the reign of King William I. of Scotland: the 10th from him was John, who was created Lord Drummond in 1488, and d. in 1519. His eldest son William, Master of Drummond, was executed in 1511 for setting fire to the Church of Monyvaird, in which several of the Murrays, with whom he had a feud, and who had taken refuge there from an attack of Drummond’s men, were burnt. He left a son Walter, who d. before his grandfather in 1518, leaving a son David, who succeeded his great-grandfather as 2nd Lord ; he joined the associa¬ tion at Hamilton in favour of Queen Mary in 1568, and d. in 1571, leaving two sons, viz.: 1 Patrick, 3rd Lord Drummond, who d. in 16G0, leaving also two sons, viz.: James, 4th Lord, who was created Earl of Perth in 1GU5, with remainder to his heirs male whatsoever, and d. without issue male in 1611 ; and John, who succeeded his brother as 2nd Earl of Perth. Throughout the troubles of the civil wars he was unshaken in his loyalty to King Charles, and d. in 1G62, leaving, besides other issue, three sons: 1 James, 3rd Earl of Perth, who was taken prisoner at the battle of Phillip- haugh ; he d. in 1675, leaving two sons. 1 James, his successor, 4th Earl of Perth, who, adhering closely to King James, and having ^suffered a severe imprisonment, followed by banishment for his loyalty to the abdicated Monarch, was by him created Duke of Perth. He d. in 1716, when his titles failed, his eldest son, James, Lord Drummond, having been attainted for his share in the rebellion of 1715. He escaped to France, and, on his father’s death, assumed the title of Duke of Perth ; he d. at Paris in 1730, leaving two sons, James, styled Duke of Perth, and Lord John Drummond, both attainted for joining in the rebellion of 1745. The Duke escaping after the battle of Culloden, d. of ex¬ haustion on his passage to France in 1746, in his thirty-third year, and his brother John d. in the following vear, both without issue. 4 73 STR Lords John and Edward, their uncles, younger sons of the 1st Duke, successively assumed the ducal title after the deaths of their ne¬ phews, and both d. without issue, the last at Paris in 1760. An Act of Parliament was passed in 1784 enabling the King to grant their forfeited estate to the legal heir, and it was in consequence granted to James, late Lord Perth. 2 John, created in 1686 Earl of Melfort, with remainder to the issue male of his 2nd marriage, which failing, to his heirs male whatso¬ ever ; following King James in his exile, he was by him created Duke of Melfort in 1690, and attainted by the English Parliament in 1695. He d. in 1714 at St. Germains, where for many years he had the chief administration of King James’s affairs. He was twice m .; 1st to Sophia, heiress of Lundin, niece of the Duke of Lauderdale, whose family, against his will, brought up her children in the Protestant faith, and an exception was made in their favour in the act of attainder passed against him. James Drummond of Lundin, his great-grandson by this marriage, haring proved him¬ self the heir male of the house of Perth, obtained, in 1785, a grant of the estates of the Earl of Perth, in conformity to the Act of Parliament mentioned above, and was created, in 1797, Lord Perth, Baron Drummond of Stob Hall, Co. Perth, which title became ex¬ tinct on his death in 1800. He left an only daughter and heir, Clementia-Sarah, m. to the present Lord Willoughby de Eresby, who assumed the name of Drummond. But the titles of Melfort, but for the attainder, would have descended to the issue of the 1st titular Duke’s 2nd marriage with Eupheme, daughter of Sir Tho¬ mas Wallace; the eldest of these was, John, called 2nd Duke of Melfort, who m. Gabrielle d’Audibert, Comtesse de Lussan, by whom he had a son James, called 3rd Duke, who by Mary de Be- renger, left four sons, viz. : 1 James-Lewis, called 4th Duke, who d. without issue in 1800. 2 Charles-Edward, called 5th Duke of Melfort, the present representative of this ancient family, in whom but for the attainder the title of Lord Drummond would vest; he is vnm. 3 Henry-Benedict, who d. unm. in 1788. 4 Leon-Maurice, who d. in 1826, having in. in 1794, Mary de Longuemare, by whom he has left a son George, b. in London, 6 May 1807, who is m. and has issue. 2 Sir John Drummond, ancestor of Sir William Drummond of Logiealmond, Knight of the Crescent, of literary and political notoriety. 3 William, 2nd Earl of Roxburghe, whose male line failed in 1805, on the death of William, 4th Duke of Roxburghe— See that title in this Volume 2 James, 2nd son of David, 2nd Lord Drummond, to whom the thread of this pedigree has at length arrived, the ancestor of the Viscount Strathallan, was educated with King James VI., and was a great favourite of that Monarch, whom he accompanied to Perth on the memorable 5th of Aug. 1600, when the Earl of Gowrie and his brother were killed in an attempt upon his Majesty’s life, and gave a clear deposition relative to that mysterious affair. He was created a Peer of Scotland by the title of Lord Madertv in 1609, and d. in 1623, leaving two sons, viz.: 1 John, 2nd Lord, who with his two sons suffered considerably in the cause of King Charles I., he was father of David, 3rd Lord, who d. in 1684 without surviving issue male, and of W illiam, 4th Lord ; the latter was created, in 1686, Viscount Strathallan and Baron Drummond of Crom- lix, with remainder, failing the heirs male of his body, to his heirs male whatsoever. He d. in 1688, and was succeeded by his only son William, 2nd Viscount, on the death of whose only son W illiam, 3rd Viscount, in 1711, the issue male of the 1st Viscount failed. 2 James, also with his son Sir James, a loyalist in the civil war ; the latter d. in 1675, leaving an only surviving son. Sir John Drummond. He was outlawed, in 1690, for his attachment, to the ab¬ dicated family, and d. in 1707, leaving, besides a younger son Thomas, who was en¬ gaged in the rebellion of 1715, two elder sons, viz.: 1 William, who succeeded as 4th Viscount on the extinction of the male de¬ scendants of the 1st Viscountin 1711. He engaged in the rebellion of 1715, and, was taken at Sheriffmuir, but no proceedings took place against him ; he also joined the young Chevalier in 1745, was left Commander-in-chief of his forces in Scotland. 474 S T R when he marched into England, and was killed at the battle of Culloden in 1746: he was attainted by Act of Parliament. Margaret, his wife, daughter of Lord William Murray, 2nd Lord Nairne, was committed to Edinburgh Castle in Feb. 1746, on account of her activity in the cause of the Chevalier, but was liberated on bail in November following. She d. in 1773; they had, besides three other sons, who d. unm., the four following: 1 James, who succeeded as 5th Viscount, and having engaged in the rebellion of 1745, wasattainted ; he d. 22 July 1765, having m. Eupheme,daughter of Peter Gordon, Esq., by whom, who d. 5 July 1796, he left issue, 1 James, his successor, who, but for the attainder, would have been 6th Viscount; he was b. in 1752, and d. unm. 10 Dec. 1775 ; 2 Andrew- John, who should have succeeded his brother as 7th Viscount ; he was b. in 1758, and d. unm. 20 Jan. 1817 ; 3 Margaret, who d. in 1821 ; having m. in Dec. 1779, George-Augustus Haldane, Esq., of Gleneagles, who d. 26 Oct. 1799 ; 4 Elizabeth, who d. in July 1831, aged 76. 2 William Drummond, (3rd son,) who d. 25 May 1772: having m. Anne, 2nd daughter of Major David Nairne, by whom, who d. 31 May 1782, he was father of James-Andrew-John-Laurence-Charles, the pre¬ sent and 8th Viscount, who, but for the attainder, would have succeeded in 1817 on the death of his cousin the 7th Viscount, and was graciously restored to his honours under King George IV., by Act of Parliament, in 1824. 3 Robert Drummond, of Cadlands, Co. Hants., Banker at Charing-Cross; (6th son,) he was b. in 1729, and d. 19 Jan. 1804 ; having m. in 1753, Winifred, daughter of William Thompson, Esq., who d. 2 April 1791. The numerous surviving descendants of this marriage are stated in The Peerage Volume. 4 Henry Drummond, (7th son,) who d. 24 June 1795 ; having m. 21 March 1761, Elizabeth, 4th daughter of the Hon. Charles Compton, and sister of Charles, 7th, and Spencer, 8th, Earls of Northampton, b. 13 Sept. 1744, d. 26 March 1819. They had an only son, Henry, who was b. 13 Jan. 1762, and d. before his father, 4 July 1794 ; having m. 13 Feb. 1786, the Hon. Anne Dundas, 2nd daughter of Henry, 1st Viscount Melville ; for their issue, see The Peerage Volume. 2 Andrew Drummond, Esq., (5th but 2nd surviving son of Sir John Drummond,) the founder of the great banking-house at Charing-Cross; he purchased the estate at Stanmore in Middlesex, and dying in 1769, in his 82nd year, was buried there ; leaving an only son, John, who d. in June 1774; having m. 22 Dec. 1744, Charlotte, eldest daughter of Lord William Beauclerk, 2nd son of Charles, 1st Duke of St. Albans ; by which Lady, who d. 7 March 1793, he had issue, 1 George Drummond, Esq., b. 15 .Tune 1758, d. 6 March 1789; having m. 30 Nov. 1779, Martha, 5th daughter of the Right Hon. Thomas Harley, by whom, who was b. 10 May 1757, and if. 16 Aug. 1788, he had the three children stated in The Peerage Volume. 2 John, b. 1766, d. 28 May 1833 ; having m. 1st, 11 June 1789, Hester, eldest daughter of Thomas Cholmondeley, Esq., and sister of Lord Delamere, who d. 24 Sept. 1802 ; and 2ndly, in April 1806, Barbara, daughter of Charles Chester, Esq., brother of the 1st Lord Bagot, who d. 9 Aug. 1832. His issue by both marriages will be found in The Peerage Volume. 3 Charlotte, d. March 1774 ; having m. 24 Nov. 1769, the Rev. Henry Beau- clerk, only son of Lord Henry, 4th son of Charles, 1st Duke of St. Albans. 4 Jane-Diana, d. in 1790; having m. 7 April 1766, Richard-Bethell Cox, Esq. 475 S T II STRATHEDEN, BARONESS. (Campbell.) Peeress of the United Kingdom. George Campbell, a descendant of the Clan Campbell, emigrated from Argyllshire on the overthrow of the 1st Marquis of Argyll, and in 1662 settled at St. Andrew’s; he afterwards purchased the estate of Baitullo, in the Parish of Cores, Co. Fife. The Rev. Dr. George Campbell, his grandson, was Minister of Cupar ; he m. in 1776, Magdalene, only daughter of John Hallyburton, Esq., of Fodderance, by whom he had issue; 1 Sir George Campbell, Knt., of Edendale, m. to Margaret, daughter of A. Chris¬ tie, Esq., of Ferrybank, and has issue. 2 Sir John Campbell, Knt., her Majesty’s Attorney General. 3 Janet, m. to the Rev. Thomas Gillespie, LL.D., Professor in the University of St. Andrew’s. 4 Jane, m. to James Greig, Esq., of Balbardie. 5 Eliza. 6 Lindsay, m. to David Johnston, Esq., of Overton. 7 Magdalene, m. to Charles Grace, M.D. Sir John Campbell, the younger son, and her Majesty’s Attorney General, m. M A n v- E i. iz a bet h , eldest daughter of Lord Abinger, who was created, in 1836, Ba¬ roness Stratheden of Cupar, Co. Fife. For her Ladyship's pedigree— See the title Abinger in this Volume. STRATHMORE, EARL OF. (Lyon-Bowes.) Peer of Scotland. John Lyon got from King David II. the reversion of the Thanedom of Glamis ; he was great-grandfather of Patrick Lyon, who was created Lord Glamis in 1445, and d. in 1459 ; his two eldest sons, Alexander, who d. without issue in 1485, and John, who d. in 1497, were successively Lords Glamis ; the latter was succeeded by 476 S T It his son John, 4th Lord, who d. in 1500, leaving issue, George, 5th Lord, who d. a minor in 1505, and John, 6th Lord, who succeeded his brother. The 6th Lord d. in 1528, having rn. Janet Douglas, daughter of George, Master of Angus, and sister of Archibald, 6th Earl of Angus, who was, with Archibald Campbell of Kepneith, her 2nd husband, and her son Lord Glamis, and others, indicted for designs, by poison or witchcraft, against the life of King James V. Campbell, in attempting to escape from the Castle of Edinburgh, was dashed to pieces against the rocks which form the base of that sublime edifice ; the Lady w;is condemned for a witch, and burnt to death on the Castle Hill, 17 July 1537, display¬ ing to an immense concourse of spectators a masculine firmness of mind, worthy the house of Douglas, in a form of feminine grace and beauty. Her son John, 7th Lord, still a minor, was also condemned to death, but his execution was respited till he came of age. Meanwhile the accuser, one Lyon, avowed his evidence to be false, and the Lord Gi.amis was released; he d. in 1558. Sir Thomas Lyon, his eldest son, was one of the principal agents in the Raid of Ruthven in 1582 ; and the 1 King’s bursting into tears when Sir Thomas stopped him from passing the door, drew from him the exclamation, “No matter, better children weep than bearded men !” On the King’s recovering his liberty in the following year. Sir Thomas retired into England, and was forfeited, but was pardoned in 1585. At his death, in 1594, the King remarked that the boldest and hardiest man in his dominions was taken away. John, 8th Lord Glamis, his elder brother, and eldest son of the 7 th Lord, was appointed Lord High Chancellor of Scotland in 1575, and in March 1578 was deputed by the nobility, who were tired of the administration of the Regent, Earl of Morton, to notify to the Earl that the King, though only in his 12th year, had resolved to take the government into his own hands. The Lord Glamis was accidentally killed in an encounter between his own followers and those of the Earl of Crawford at Stir¬ ling, on the 17th of the same month. He was succeeded by his only son, Patrick, 9th Lord, who was created, in 1606, Earl of Kinghorn, Lord Lyon and Glamis, and d. in 1615. He was succeeded by his eldest son John, 2nd Earl ; who sided with the Parliament in the civil war ; he opposed the delivery up of the King to the English in January 1647, and d. in May the same year. He was succeeded by his only son Patrick, 3rd Earl ; who in 1672 obtained a charter of the Earldom to himself and the heirs male of his body, failing which, to such persons as should be nominated by him, failing which, to his heirs male whatsoever, with remainder to his heirs and assigns whatsoever ; and another charter decreeing that the Earls of Kinghorn should for the future be styled Earls of Strathmore and Kinghorn, Viscounts Lyon, Lord Glamis, Tannadyce, Seidlaw, and Stradichtie. All the succeeding Earls are his male issue. He d. in 1695 ; leaving two sons, of whom the younger, the Hon. Patrick Lyon, was killed in the battle of Sheriffmuir, on the part of the rebels; and the elder, John, 4th Earl, succeeded his father. The family of the 4th Earl exhibited the extraordinary instance of six sons suc¬ ceeding each other in their inheritance ; they were, Patrick, Lord Glamis, who d. in his 17th year ; Philip, Lord Glamis, who d. in his 19th year, both before their father ; John, who succeeded his father as 5th Earl, and was killed in the rebel army at the battle of Sheriffmuir, in 1715, nnm.; Charles, 6th Earl, who in a quarrel between James Camegy of Finhaven and John Lyon of Brighton, was accidentally killed by the latter in 1728 ; he d. without issue ; James, 7th Earl, who d. without issue in 1735 ; and Thomas, 8th Earl. The 8th Earl d. in 1753, leaving three sons; viz.: 1 John, 9th Earl. 2 The Hon. James-Philip Lyon, who being in the service of the East India Com¬ pany, was taken prisoner by Mir Cossim, Nabob of Bengal, and murdered at Patna, with several other British gentlemen, in 1763; he d. unm. 3 The Hon. Thomas Lyon of Hetton House, Co. Durham ; he was b. in 1741, and d. 13 Sept. 1796 ; having m. 13 June 1774, Mary-Elizabeth, daughter of Farrer Wren, Esq., of Binchester, Co. Durham; by whom, who d. 31 May 1811, he left the issue stated in The Peerage Volume. John, 9th Earl, succeeded his father, and d. in 1776, when he was succeeded by his eldest son, John, 10th Earl, who, dying in 1820, was followed by his only sur¬ viving brother, Thomas, the present and lltli Earl. 477 SUF STUART DE ROTHESAY, BARON. (Stuart.) Peer of the United Kingdom. The Right Hon. Sir Charles Stuart, G.C.B., many years British Ambassador at Paris, eldest son of the late Hon. Sir Charles Stuart, K.B., 3rd son of John, 3rd Earl of Bute, and great uncle of the present Marquis of Bute, was created, in 1828, Baron Stuart de Rothesay of the Isle of Bute. For his Lordship’s descent see the title Bute in this volume. SUFFIELD, BARON. (Harbord.) Peer of Great Britain. Sir Charles Harbord, Knt., Surveyor-General to King Charles I., left an only daughter and heir, Catherine, who m. Wiliam Cropley, Esq., and by him had a son and a daughter, viz.: 1 Harbord Cropley, Esq., of Gunton, Co. Norfolk, who assumed the surname of Harold, and d. without issue. 2 Judith, who m. John Morden, Esq., of Suffield, Co. Norfolk, and had issue. William Morden, Esq., their eldest son, succeeded by the will of his maternal uncle to all his estates, and in consequence, assumed the name and arms of Har¬ bord, by Act of Parliament, in 1742. In 1744 he was elected Knight of the Bath by the name of Sir William Harbord, and in 1745 was created a Baronet. He d. 17 Feb. 1770, having m. Elizabeth, daughter and co-heir of Robert Britiffe, Esq., of Bacon’s Thorpe, Co. Norfolk, by whom, who d. 8 Aug. 1777, he had two sons ; viz. : 1 Sir Harbord, his successor, 2nd Baronet and 1st Lord Suffield. 2 Robert Harbord, Esq., of Suffield, Co. Norfolk, who d. unm. in 1823. Sir Harbord Harbord, Bart., the eldest son, was created Baron Suffield of Suffield, Co. Norfolk, in 1786 ; he was b. 26 Jan. 1734, and d. 4 Feb. 1810, having 478 SUF m. 7 Oct. 1760, Mary, eldest daughter and co-heir of Sir Ralph Asheton, Bart., who d . 1 June 1823 ; their issue will be found in The Peerage Volume. His Lordship was succeeded by his eldest son William-Asheton, 2nd Lord, who d. without issue in 1821, and was followed by his only surviving brother Edward, 3rd Lord; to whom, in 1835, succeeded his eldest son, Edward-Vernon, present and 4th Lord. SUFFOLK, EARL OF. (Howard.) Peer of England. Thomas, 4th Duke of Norfolk, was father, by his 1st marriage, of Philip, Earl of Arundel, ancestor of all the succeeding Dukes of Norfolk ; and by his 2nd marriage with Margaret, daughter and sole heir of Thomas, Lord Audley of Walden, he had Lord Thomas, and Lord William, ancestor of the Earl of Carlisle. Lord Thomas Howard, K.G., eldest son of the 2nd marriage, was summoned to Parliament in 1597, as Baron Howard de Walden, and created, in 1603, Earl of Suffolk. He was engaged and displayed an ardent courage, in the great naval battle with the Spanish Armada. He was sworn of the Privy Council on the acces¬ sion of King James I., and in 1605, being Lord Chamberlain of the household, was consulted by Lord Salisbury, the Secretary of State, on the mysterious letter re¬ ceived by Lord Monteagle, which led to the detection of the Gunpowder Plot, first suspected, as a letter of Lord Salisbury’s describes, at this conference : the Earl of Suffolk and the Lord Monteagle were appointed to search the vaults under the Par¬ liament House, where they discovered Guy Fawkes, and his train of gunpowder. He was constituted Lord High Treasurer in 1614, of which office he was deprived in 1618, and an investigation being instituted in the Star Chamber into his con¬ duct in it, he was amerced in a heavy fine, and with his Countess committed to the Tower during pleasure for venality proved against the Lady for the exertion of her influence in the dispatch of the Treasury business; they were enlarged within a few days, and the greater part of the fine remitted by the King’s grace. The Earl d. in 1626 ; leaving by Catherine, his said Countess, eldest daughter and co-heir of Sir Henry Knyvet of Charlton in Wiltshire, and heir of her uncle, Thomas, Lord Kny- vet of Escrick, (who d. without issue in 1622, when his title became extinct,) seven sons, of whom the three following left male issue: 1 Theophilus, his successor, 2nd Earl ; 2 Thomas, who succeeded to his mother’s inheritance at Charlton in Wiltshire, and was created Earl of Berkshire; his issue will be noticed hereafter as progenitors of the present Earl of Suffolk and Berkshire ; 3 Sir Edward, created, in 1628, Baron Howard of Escrick ; he d. in 1675, leaving two sons, Thomas and William, successive Barons ; the latter was succeeded by his son Charles, 4th Lord Howard of Escrick, on whose death, in 1714, this title became extinct. Theophilus, 2nd Earl, K.G., d. in 1640, leaving four sons, viz. 1 James, 3rd Earl, who d. without issue male in 1688 ; when the Barony of Howard de Walden fell into abeyance between his two daughters, the Lady Essex, m. to Edward, Lord Griffin of Bravbrooke, and the Lady Elizabeth, wife of Thomas Felton, Esq.; the Barony was called out of abeyance in 1784, and finally emerged by the extinction of the elder co-heir in 1797 ; the present Lord Howard de Walden is his Lordship’s heir general through his younger daughter. 2 The Hon. Thomas Howard, whose only son James d. in 1669, leaving an only daughter and heir, Stuarta, who d. unm. in 1706. 479 S U F 3 George, who succeeded his elder brother as 4th Earl, and also rf. without issue male in 1691, leaving three daughters his co-heirs. 4 Henry, who succeeded as 5th Earl, and rf. in 1709, leaving three sons, viz.: 1 Henry, who was created, in 1706, Baron of Chesterford, Co. Essex, and Earl of Bindon, Co. Dorset; he succeeded his father as 6th Earl of Suffolk in 1709, and rf. in 1718, leaving four sons, the three younger of whom rf. before their elder brother, unm.; and Charles-William, 7th Earl, the eldest son, succeeded his father, and rf. unm. in 1722, when the titles of Earl of Bindon and Baron of Chesterford became extinct. 2 Edward, who succeeded his nephew as 8th Earl, and rf. unm. in 1731. 3 Charles, 9th Earl, who succeeded his brother ; he rf. in 1733, leaving (bv his wife, Henrietta Hobart, sister of John, 1st Earl of Buckinghamshire, the well-known Mistress of King George II., and who m. 2ndly, the Hon. George Berkeley,) an only son, Henry, 10th Earl, on whose death, in 1745, the male issue of Theophllus, 2nd Earl, became extinct. The Earldom of Suffolk then devolved upon the next heir male, descended from the 2nd son of the 1st Earl, the Hon. Thomas Howard, K.G. who in 1622 was created Baron Howard of Charlton, Co. Wilts, and Viscount Andover, and in 1626 Earl of Berkshire; he was a faithful servant of King Charles I., and his son, the Prince of Wales, till April 1645 ; when the Prince quitting the Island of Jersey to take refuge in France, the Earl of Berkshire returned to England, and lived in retirement till the Restoration. He had nine sons, of whom the four following succeeded or gave heirs to the title. 1 Charles, his successor, 2nd Earl of Berkshire, rf. without surviving issue male, in 1679. 2 Thomas, 3rd Earl, succeeded his brother, and rf. also without issue male, in 1706. 3 William, who had an only son. Craven, whose only son, Henry Bowes, suc¬ ceeded his great uncle as 4th Earl of Berkshire, and on the failure of the elder branch in 1745, succeeded also as 11th Earl of Suffolk ; he rf. in 1757, having had three sons, of whom only the two following left issue : 1 William, Viscount Andover, who rf. by a fall from his chaise, in his father's lifetime in 1756 ; leaving three daughters, of whom only one lived to marry, Frances, the wife of Richard Bagot, Esq., brother of the 1st Lord Bagot; and one son, Henry, 12th Earl, who succeeded his grandfather, and rf. in 1779. His posthumous son Henry, was b. 13th Earl in 1779, but lived only two days, when the title devolved on his great uncle, but Frances, his aunt, became heir to a great part of his property ; Mr. Bagot, her husband, took the name of Howard, and they left an only daughter and heir, Mary, m. to the Hon. Fulke-Greville Upton, who has assumed the name of Howard, brother of Viscount Templetown. 2 Thomas, who succeeded his great nephew as 14th Earl, and rf. in 1783, without issue male, leaving an only daughter and heir. Lady Diana, the wife of Sir Michael le Fleming, Bart. 4 Philip, who rf. in 1717 ; he had two sons, 1 James, who rf. without surviving issue male, in 1722, and 2 Charles, a Captain in the Navy, lost in the Swan man-of- war, which he commanded in 1705, leaving an only son Philip. He rf. in 1741, having had four sons, of whom, John, the 3rd son, and the only one who left issue, succeeded as 15th Earl in 1783, and rf. in 1820, when he was succeeded by his only surviving son, Thomas, the present and 16’th Earl. 480 S U T SUTHERLAND, DUKE OF. (Leveson-Gower.) Peer of the United Kingdom. The family of Gower is of Anglo-Saxon origin, and was seated in Yorkshire at the time of the Conquest. The Duke traces his pedigree from Sir Nicholas Gower, a Knight of the Shire for the Co. of York in the reign of Edward III. The 7th in descent from him was Sir Thomas Gower, of Stittenham, in that County, created a Baronet in 11)20. His eldest son and successor. Sir Thomas Gower, a stedfast adherent of King Charles I., m. Elizabeth, daughter of William Howard, of Na- worth Castle, and sister of the Earl of Carlisle, by whom he had no issue ; and 2ndly, Frances, daughter and co-heir of Sir John Leveson, of Haling, Co. Kent, by whom he had two sons, Edward and William. Edward d. before his father; his only son Sir Thomas, succeeded his grandfather, was a Colonel in the army, and d. unm. at the camp of Dunkald, in Ireland, in 1089, when he was succeeded in title and estate by his uncle, William, 2nd son of Sir Thomas Gower; he assumed the additional name of Leveson on being appointed sole heir to his great-uncle Sir Richard Leveson of Trentham, Co. Stafford, K.B. brother of Sir John Leveson, of Haling, his ma¬ ternal grandfather; he m. Lady Jane Granville, eldest daughter of John, 1st Earl of Bath of that family, and at length co-heir of her nephew William-Henry, 3rd Earl ; he d. in 1691. Sir John Leveson-Gower, his son and successor, was created, in 1703, Baron Gower, of Stittenham, and d. in 1709, when he was succeeded by his eldest son, John, 2nd Lord, who was created, in 1746, Viscount Trentham, Co. Stafford, and Earl Gower. He d. in 1754, having been three times married, 1st to Lady Evelyn Pierrepont, 3rd daughter of Evelyn, Duke of Kingston, who d. in 1727 ; 2ndly, to Penelope, daughter of Sir John Stonehouse, Bart., and widow of Sir Henry Atkins, Bart., who d. in 1734; and 3rdly, to Lady Mary Tufton, daughter and co-heir of, Thomas, Earl of Thanet, and widow of Anthony, Earl of Harold, son of Henry Grey, Duke of Kent. He left issue, besides several daughters, all by the first wife, married into noble families, and other sons and daughters who d. young or unm., the two sons following: 1 Granville, his successor, 2nd Earl Gower, and 1st Marquis of Stafford, born of the 1st marriage. 2 The Hon. Admiral John Leveson Gower, bom of the 3rd marriage in 1743, d. 15 Aug. 1792 ; having m. 6 July 1773, Frances, eldest daughter of the lion. Admiral Edward Boscawen, and sister of George-Evelyn, 3rd Viscount Falmouth, by whom, who was b. 7 March 1746, and d. 14 July 1801, he left the issue stated in The Peerage Volume. Granville, 2nd Earl, K.G., succeeded bis father in 1754, and in 1786 was created Marquis of the County of Stafford; he was h. 4 Aug. 1721, and d. 26 Oct. 1803 ; having m. 1st, 23 Dec. 1744, Elizabeth, daughter of Nicholas Fazakorley, Esq., who dying 19 May 1745, the Marquis m. 2ndly, 28 March 1748, Lady Louisa Egerton, eldest daughter of Scroop, 1st Duke of Bridgewater, and at length heir of her brother Francis, 3rd Duke, who d. 14 March 1761 ; and 3rdlv, 25 May 1768, Lady Susannah Stewart, 2nd daughter of Alexander, 6th Earl of Galloway, who d. 15 Aug. 1805. The first Lady bore his Lordship only a son, who d. an infant: by the two latter marriages he left the issue stated in The Peerage Volume , of whom 481 i i S U T Lord Granville Leveson Gower, the second son, was created Viscount Granville in 1815, and Earl Granville in 1833. George-Granville, 2nd Marquis, K.G., the eldest son, succeeded his father ; he m. Elizabeth, in her own right Countess of Sutherland in Scotland; see the following Article; and was created Duke of Sutherland, in Jan. 1833 ; he cl. in July the same year, when his eldest son, George-Granville, the present and 2nd Duke, succeeded. SUTHERLAND, COUNTESS OF. (Levf.son-Gower.) Peeress of Scotland. William, the first possessor of this very ancient Peerage, created about the year 1228, d. in 1248, and was succeeded by his infant son, William, 2nd Earl, who having enjoyed the title seventy-seven years, d. in 1325, and was succeeded by his son, Kenneth, 3rd Earl, who was killed at the battle of Halidon Hill, in the cause of King David II., in 1333. These Earls continued to succeed in direct paternal descent through five more generations, namely; William, 4th Earl, who d. in 1370 ; William, 5th Earl, who left a second son, Kenneth, ancestor of George Sutherland of Forse, who, as heir male of the ancient Earls, claimed the dignity of Earl of Sutherland in 1766 ; Robert, 6th Earl, who d. in 1442 ; John, 7th Earl, who d. in 1460 ; and John, 8th Earl. He d. in 1508, leaving a son and a daughter, viz. : John, 9th Earl, who d. without issue in 1514 ; and Elizabeth, on whom the succession devolved, and who was enfeoffed in the Earldom of Sutherland in 1515, being then the wife of Adam Gordon of Aboyne, 2nd son of George, 2nd Earl of Huntly. Adam Gordon had a charter of the Earldom jointly to himself and Elizabeth his wife for life, and to the longest liver of them ; the Countess d. in 1535, and the 10th Earl, her husband, in 1537. They both survived their eldest son, Alexander, Master of Sutherland, and were succeeded by their grandson, John, 11th Earl, who was poisoned, with his wife, by the widow of his uncle, Gilbert Gordon, whose son, John, was next heir to the Earldom after Alexander, Master of Sutherland, the Earl’s son. The Earl and Countess, with their son, were on a visit at Helmisdale Castle, the seat of the widow, when poison was administered to them in the liquor they drank at supper, of which the young John Gordon unsuspectingly, and without his mother’s knowledge, partook, and d. within two days. The Master, being out on a hunting party, did not return till the supper was nearly ended, when his father, feeling himself poisoned, took up the table-cloth with all things on it, and threw it out of the window, and sent his son home that very night to Dunrobin Castle, with¬ out permitting him to take any refreshment; himself and his Countess d. five days afterwards, in 1567, when the Earl was in his forty-second year. The wicked author of this deed of horror, already punished by the loss of that son for whose benefit she had performed it, was conveyed to Edinburgh, and condemned to death, but avoided a public execution by suicide in prison. From this period another succession of five Earls followed in uninterrupted paternal descent; namely, Alexander, 12th Earl, the Master of Sutherland above- mentioned, who providentially escaped this melancholy catastrophe, succeeded his father, and d. in 1594; John, 13th Earl, d. in 1615 ; John, 14th Earl, d. in 1663, having been in the early part of the civil war a partisan of the Parliament, and afterwards zealously attached to the service of King Charles II.; George, 482 S Y D 15th Earl, d. in 1703 ; and John, 16th Earl, in 1733. This Earl was very active in assisting the government to suppress the rebellion of 1715; he survived his only son, William, Lord Strathnaver, who d. in 1720, and was followed by his grand¬ son, William, 17th Earl, who d. in 1750, and was succeeded by his only son, William, 10th Earl. This nobleman d. at Bath, having just completed his thirty- first year, under circumstances peculiarly affecting. His Lordship had m. 14 April 1701, Mary, eldest daughter and co-heir of William Maxwell of Prestoun, and by her had two infant daughters, the Lady Catherine, b. in London 24 May 1764, who d. at Dunrobin Castle 3 Jan. 1766 ; and the Lady Elizabeth, the present Countess, b. 24 May 1765. The death of the eldest of these children so affected both of the amiable parents, that change of scene was recommended for the renovation of their spirits ; and they undertook the long journey from their northern seat to the scene of gaiety in almost the farthest extreme of this island, at that time a theatre of uni¬ versal resort for the great, the wealthy, and the gay ; but scarcely had they reached Bath, when the Earl was seized with a fever, and the Countess nursed him with such unremitting attention, without retiring to bed for twenty-one days and nights, that fatigue and anxiety were too much for her already depressed health, and she d. 1 June 1766 ; the Earl survived her a few days, and d. on the 16th of the same month. Their infant daughter was committed to the charge of her maternal grandmother, then the second wife of Charles Erskine, Lord Alva and Timvald, a Lord of Session, who brought her up and lived to a great old age ; dying in London in 1806 : she was called Lady Alva. A competition arose for the title of Sutherland, which, after long litigation, was decided in the House of Lords in 1771, in favour of the orphan, Elizabeth, present and 1.9th Countess, now the widow of George-Gran- ville Leveson-Gower, Duke of Sutherland, by whom she had issue— See the pre¬ ceding article. SYDNEY, VISCOUNT. (Townshend.) Peer of Great Britain. The Hon. Thomas Townshend, 2nd son of Charles, 2nd Viscount Townshend, one of the most elegant scholars of his age, was father of the Right Honourable Thomas Townshend, Secretary of State, who was created Baron Sydney of Chiselhurst, Co. Kent, in 1783, and in 1789 Viscount Sydney of St. Leonard's, Co. Gloucester. He was b. 24 Feb. 1733, m. 19 May 1760, Elizabeth, eldest daughter and co-heir of Richard Povvys, Esq., by Lady Mary Brudenell, 2nd daughter of George, 3rd Earl of Cardigan ; she d. 1 May 1826, having had the issue stated in The Peerage Volume. His Lordship d. 1 Jidy 1800, and was succeeded by his eldest son, John-Thomas, 2nd Viscount, to whom, in 1831, succeeded his only son, John-Robert, present and 3rd Viscount. For his Lordship’s pedigree, see the title Marquis Townshend in this Volume. 483 T A A TAAFFE, VISCOUNT. (Taaffe.) Peer of Ireland. Of this family, which is of great antiquity in the Counties of Louth and Sligo, was John Taaf, Archbishop of Armagh in 1306. Sir John Taaffe was created, in 1628, Viscount Taaffe of Corran, and Baron of Ballymote, both in the County of Sligo, and d. in 1742, having had fourteen sons; of whom Theobald, the eldest son, was his successor, and ancestor of the succeeding Peers till 1757, when his male line became extinct; and William, the 8th son, was ancestor of the present Viscount. Theobald, 2nd Viscount, was created, in 1662, Earl of Carlingford, Co. Louth, and d. in 1677, leaving four sons, viz.: 1 Nicholas, 2nd Earl and 3rd Viscount, his successor, who d. without issue in 1690. 2 Francis, the famous Imperial General, Count Taaffe; he succeeded his brother as 3rd Earl and 4th Viscount, and d. without issue in 1704. 3 Dillon, whose issue male failed before the death of his brother. 4 John, who d. in 1689, leaving one son, Theobald-Lambert, 5th Viscount, and 4th Earl of Carlingford, who succeeded his uncle, and d. without issue in 1738, when the Earldom and the male issue of the 2nd Viscount became extinct. The inheritance then devolved on the heir male of William, 8th son of the 1st Viscount, the issue male of all the seven elder sons having become extinct; this William left an only son, Francis, whose only son, Nicholas, succeeded as 6th Viscount, on the extinction of the elder line. He was a Count of the Holy Roman Empire, and a Lieutenant-General in the Austrian service, and possessed large estates in Silesia, Bohemia, and Upper Austria; he d. in 1769, and his eldest son, John, having d. before him in 1768, he was succeeded by his grandson Rodolph, 7th Viscount, to whom succeeded, in 1830, Francis, his eldest son, the present Viscount. The Viscount possesses the Lordships of Elischau in Bohemia ; and of Wischenau in Moravia ; he resides, as did his predecessors, in the Castle of Elischau, and enjoys a high station in the Austrian court. 484 T A L TALBOT, EARL. (Talbot.) Peer of Great Britain. This family is a collateral branch from that of the Earl of Shrewsbury. John, 2nd Earl of Shrewsbury, had two sons : 1 John, 3rd Earl, whose male line became extinct in 1018, by the death of Edward, Gth Earl. 2 Sir Gilbert, whose son. Sir John Talbot, was twice married, and was father of 1 John, (by his 1st marriage,) grandfather of George, 9th Earl, ancestor ot all the succeeding Earls of Shrewsbury. 2 Another John 'Palhot, Esq., (by his 2nd marriage,) who was great¬ grandfather of William, Bishop of Durham, father of 1 Charles, 1st Lord, and 2 Sherrington, grandfather of Sir George Talbot, Baronet. Charles Talbot, Lord High Chancellor, was created, in 1733, Baron Talbot of llensol, Co. Glamorgan, and d. in 1737, leaving three sons: 1 William, 2nd Lord, created Earl Talbot in 1701, and Baron Dynevor in 1780, the latter with remainder, failing his issule male, to his only daughter. Lady Cecil, who accordingly succeeded to it on his death, 27 April 1782, when the Earl¬ dom became extinct. 2 John, father of John-Chetwynd, who succeeded his uncle as 3rd Lord ; and was created, in 1784, Viscount Ingestrie, Co. Stafford, and Earl Talbot of llensol, Co. Glamorgan; he d. in 1793, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Chari.es- Chetwynd, present and 2nd Earl. 3 The Hon. and Rev. George Talbot, D.D., who d. 19 Nov. 1785, having m. 4 Jan. 1701, the Hon. Anne Bouverie, 2nd daughter of Jacob, 1st Viscount Folke¬ stone, by whom, who was b. 7 Oct. 1729, and d. 31 Dec. 1813, he left the issue stated iu The Peeraye Volume. 485 T A L TALBOT AND MALAHIDE, BARON. (Talbot.) Peer of Ireland. The Talbots of Malahide are of the same origin as the Earls of Shrewsbury, whose progenitor, Richard de Talbot, was a Baron in the reign of William the Conqueror; his grandson, Richard, was father of Gilbert, ancestor of the Earl of Shrewsbury, and of Richard, who settled in Ireland in the time of Henry II., and erected the Castle of Malahide, where his descendants in the direct male line have been resident for more than six centuries. His son A'dam was father of Richard Talbot, who on his death, in 1287, divided his large estates between his elder son, Richard of Talbotstown and Feltrim, an¬ cestor of the Talbots of Feltrim, and his younger son. Sir Milo Talbot of Malahide, whose grandson, Sir Thomas, was summoned to Parliament in 1372, and again in 1374; why this Barony has never since been claimed by his descendants does not appear, but Richard Wogan, the present Peer, is the direct representative and heir general of his ancestor, and should be the 16th Baron. Sir Thomas, 5th in descent from this Thomas Lord Talbot, left issue, William Talbot, Esq., of Malahide, his heir, and Robert, whose son William acquired the estate of Carton, in the County of Kildare, was created a Baronet in 1622, and in 1685 Baron of Talbotstown, Viscount of Baltinglass, and Earl of Tyrconnell; in 1689, after the abdication of King James, he was further advanced to the dignity of Marquis and Duke of Tyrconnel; he left no male issue. From William, eldest son of Sir Thomas, descended, in the 6th degree, the late Richard Talbot, Esq., of Malahide, who d. 24 Oct. 1788; having m. Margaret, eldest daughter of the late James O’Reilly, Esq., of Ballylough, Co. Westmeath, who. in 1831, was created Baroness Talbot and Malahide of Malahide, Co. Dublin. Her Ladyship d. in 1834, and was succeeded by her eldest son, Richard- Wogan, present Lord. 486 T E I TANKERVILLE, EARL OF. (Bennet.) Peer of Great Britain. The family of Bennet was anciently seated in Berks. Thomas Bennet, of Chapcot, near Wallingford, was great-grandfather of Sir John Bennet, of Dawley, Co. Mid¬ dlesex ; who had issue, 1 Sir John Bennet, created, in 1682, Baron Ossulston of Ossulston, Co. Middle¬ sex, d. in 1688, and was succeeded by his son Charles, 2nd Lord, and 1st Earl, ancestor of all the succeeding Earls —See below. 2 Henry, created Viscount Thetford in 1663, and in 1672 Earl of Arlington, with remainder of both titles, failing his issue male, to the heirs of his body ; he d. in 1685, and was succeeded by his only daughter, Isabella, who m. Charles, 1st Duke of Grafton. Charles, 2nd Lord Ossulston, m. Mary, sole daughter and heir of Ford, 3rd Lord Grey of Werke, created, in 1695, Viscount Grey of Glendale, and Earl of Tankerville, (one of his ancestors having been, by Henry VI., created Earl of Tan- kerville, in Normandy, which honour was forfeited by his grandson.) These titles became extinct by his death in 1701, and his son-in-law, Charles, 2nd Lord Ossulston, was created, in 1714, Earl of Tankerville, which honour has de¬ scended uninterruptedly, from father to son, upon Charles-Augustus, present and 5th Earl, through three intervening Earls, all named Charles. The 1st Earl d. in 1722; the 2nd Eari. in 1753; the 3rd in 1767 ; and the 4th, who was succeeded by his eldest son, the present Earl, in 1822. TEIGNMOUTH, BARON. (Shoke) Peer of Ireland. The name of Shore appears among the gentry of the County of Derby in the time of King Henry VI. Sir John Shore, M.D., of Derby, son of John Shore, Es- tained from King James T. a grant of Warwick Castle, which he found in a ruinous condition, and which at a vast expense he repaired and beautified. He was created, in 1620, Baron Brooke of Beauchamp Court, Co. Warwick, with remainder, failing his male issue, to Robert Greville, son and heir of Fulke, only son of Robert, his uncle. He d. childless, in 1628, assassinated by one of his own servants, and 509 W A T Margaret, his sister, became sole heir to the Barony of Willoughby de Broke, and eldest co-heir of the Barony of Beauchamp of Powycke ; she m. Sir Richard Verney, ancestor, by her, of the present Lord Willoughby de Broke. 2 Robert, father of Fulke, whose son, Robert, succeeded as 2nd Lord agreea¬ bly to the above limitation ; educated by the 1st Lord as his heir, he nevertheless imbibed some wild principles of liberty which were certainly greatly at variance with the doctrines of the reign of Elizabeth, and from the first symptom of disunion between the King and Parliament, he ranged himself in the most hostile position possible against all the measures of the Court; when these wordy broils grew to actual warfare, he was appointed Lieutenant-General under the Earl of Es¬ sex, and Commander of the Counties of Warwick and Stafford ■, and making his castle the principal strong-hold of the Parliament in those parts, he engaged in the hottest of the war ; he was mainly instrumental in the victory of his party at Edge- hill, and was killed soon after in the assault of St. Chad’s church at Lichfield, de¬ fended in the most gallant manner by the Earl of Chesterfield, 2 March, 1643, being St. Chad’s day; and having, as Lord Clarendon reports, that very morning prayed, “ that if the cause he was in were not right and just, he might he presently cut off.” He was followed in succession by three of his five sons, viz.: 1 Francis, 3rd Lord who d. unm. ; 2 Robert, 4th Lord, who d. without issue male ; and, 3, Fulke, 5th Lord, a posthumous son, who succeeded his brother in 1676, and d. in 1710 ; having had, besides two younger sons who d. i unm ., the two following: 1 Francis, who d. eleven days before his father in 1710, leaving two sons, Fulke, whorf. unm. in 1711, and William, successive Lords; the latter d. in 1727, and was succeeded by his only surviving son, Francis, 8th Lord Brooke, and 1st Earl of Warwick. 2 Algernon, father of Fulke Greville, Esq., of Wilberry, Co. Wilts, who d. in 1806, leaving by his marriage with Francis, 3rd daughter and co-heir of James Macartney, Esq., who d. in June 1789, Captain William Greville, R.N., and the other issue stated in The Peerage Volume. Francis, 8th Lord, was created, in 1746, Earl Brooke, and subsequently, in 1759, Earl of Warwick, immediately after the extinction of the family of Rich, Earls of Warwick and Holland, eight descents of whom had enjoyed that title since their creation to it in 1618 ; he d. in 1773, leaving three sons ; 1 George, 2nd Earl Brooke and Earl of Warwick, his successor, who was followed, in 1816, by his eldest son, Henry-Richard, present and 3rd Earl. 2 Charles-Francis, b. 12 May 1749, d. unm. 23 April 1809. 3 Robert-Fulke, b. 3 Feb. 1751, d. 27 April 1824; having m. 19 Oct. 1797, Louisa, in her own right Countess of Mansfield, 3rd daughter of Charles, 9th Lord Cathcart, and widow of David, 1st Earl of Mansfield ; by whom he left issue—see The Peerage Volume. WATERFORD, MARQUIS OF. (De-la-Poer-Beresford.) Peer of Ireland and of Great Britain. The noble family of La-Poer, upon which a junior branch of the ancient house of Beresford has engrafted itself, descends from Sir Roger La-Poer, who in the reign of King Henry II., accompanied Richard Strongbow, Earl of Pembroke, into 510 W A T Ireland, and for his services in that expedition was rewarded with divers grants of land in the conquered country. His descendants appear to have been Lords of Par¬ liament, hut the earliest summons extant is the writ of 1375, issued to Nicholas La- Poer, the 8th in descent from this Sir Roger, and in virtue of which the Marquis of Waterford ranks as the 1st Baron by writ of the Irish Parliament. His grandson, Peter La-Poer, m. the daughter of the Lord Decies, and by her had a son, Richard, created Baron La-Poer of Curraghmore, in 1535 ; he was slain in service against the Irish rebels about 1540. Fifth in descent from him was Richard, Lord La-Poer, who m. in 1073, Catherine, daughter and heir of John Fitz-Gerald, of Dromana and the Decies, Esq., and was created in the same year Viscount Decies and Earl of Tyrone. He d. in 1090, leaving two sons, John and James, Earls of Tyrone ; John, 2nd Earl, d.unm. in 1093; and James, his brother and heir, the 3rd Earl, d. without issue male in 1704, when the Earldom became extinct, and it should be noted as remark¬ able of this ancient family, that, during the lapse of more than five hundred years since they had been planted in Ireland, they had never suffered any forfeiture, hav¬ ing never once, though seated in a country continually disturbed by convulsions and civil wars, been engaged in any rebellion against the Crown of England; but had continued to enjoy the lands anciently granted to them, and to reside in the place at Curraghmore, in the County of Waterford, where they had first settled. James, 3rd Earl, left a daughter and sole heir, Catherine, who, as the lineal and chief representa¬ tive of the family, claimed the ancient Barony of La-Poer ; and it was resolved by the Irish House of Lords, in 1787, that she had proved her claim, and was entitled to this Barony in fee; she was then the widow of Marcus-Beresfoiid, 1st Earl of Tvrone, of the new creation. John de Beresford, the Patriarch of his Lordship’s paternal family, was seated at Beresford, in the parish of Alstonfield, in Staffordshire, in 1087. He was followed by his male descendants in uninterrupted succession to the reign of Henry IV., when John de Beresford, the 11th of his line, left three sons. Aden, the eldest, his successor, d. without issue. The posterity of John, the 2nd son, transmitted the lands of Beresford to Edward Beresford, Esq., the 16th in paternal descent from the first John de Beresford ; he d. in June 1621, leaving by his wife Dorothy, the heiress of another branch of his house, a daughter and heir, Olivia, whose only child, by Sir John Stanhope of Elvaston, Olivia Stanhope, carried Beresford Hall and the patri¬ monial estate of her ancestors into the family of Cotton, by her marriage with Charles Cotton, Esq., father by her of Charles Cotton, the poet, and friend of Isaac Walton. Thomas Beresford, Esq., of Newton and Bentley in the Co. of Derby, the 3rd son of John, 1 Ith Lord of Beresford, was a person of high repute in his time, and served with distinction at Agincourt, as appears by the following inscription on his monument, still extant in Fenny Bentley Church : Quem tegit hoc marmor si forte requiris. Amice, Nobile Beresford tu tibi nomen habes, Luce patrum clarus, proprio sed lumine major, De gemina merito nomina luce capit Arte domo excellens, strenuus dux, fortis ct audax, Francia testatur, curia testis Agen. He also served Henry VI. in his wars in France, and is reported, in the civil wars of the rival roses, to have raised for the service of that King, a troop of horse con¬ sisting entirely of his sons and of his own and their retainers. He m. Agnes, daugh¬ ter and heir of Robert Hassal of Arelayd, in Cheshire, and by her had an issue, which might go far towards forming a troop of horse, as besides five daughters of whom, only one d. unm. ; they had sixteen sons, twelve of whom married, six left male posterity, and .Tames, the youngest, was Canon Residentary of Lichfield Cathe¬ dral, Rector of Chesterfield, anil the founder of two Fellowships, and two Scholar¬ ships in St. John’s College, Cambridge. Of the other fifteen sons it will only be ne¬ cessary to particularize the six eldest, namely : 1 Aden, of Fenny Bentley ; his male issue failed in the fourth generation. 2 Thomas, m. Margaret, daughter and heir of Roger Wolgatethorp, Esq., but left no issue. 3 John, of Bradlow-Ash ; his son Anthony, m. Elizabeth, daughter of Walter Blunt of Osbaston, Co. Leicester; who m. 2ndly, Sir Thomas Pope of Tittenhanger, Co. Herts, founder of Trinity College Oxford ; and 3rdly, Sir Hugh Pawlct, of Hin¬ ton St. George ; she had no issue bv her last two husbands, and by her first, only one 511 W A T son, John, in whom ended the male issue of his grandfather ; he left three daughters, his co-heirs. 4 Hugh, whose descendants, having survived those of his three elder brothers, became, on the extinction of the male line of his uncle John Beresford, the repre¬ sentatives of the family; and whose male posterity still exists in the 21st ge¬ neration from their first known ancestor, John de Beresford. The present head of this ancient house is Richard Beresford, Esq., who has no male issue, but whose next brother, the Rev. Gilbert Beresford, Rector of St. Andrew’s, Holbom, has several sons. 5 Richard, from whom in the 6th generation descended James Beresford, of Birchover, Co. Derby, and Cosby, Co. Leicester ; he m. a daughter of-Bennet, of Cosby, and with his son, Richard, made a conveyance of his estate at Birchover, in the year 1725 ; this branch may therefore be still in existence. 6 Humphrey, from whom the Marquis of Waterford descends. He was great¬ grandfather of Tristram Beresford, Esq., who in the reign of James I., settled at Coleraine, in the County of Londonderry ; Sir Tristram Beresford of Coleraine, his eldest son, was created a Baronet in 1665, and d. in 1673 ; his son. Sir Randall, d. in 1681, and was succeeded by his sou Sir Tristram, who d. in 1701, leaving, by his wife Nichola-Sophia, youngest daughter and co-heir of Hugh Hamilton, Baron of Glerawly, a son. Sir Marcus Beresford, 4th Baronet ; he m . 10 July 1717, the Lady Catherine De-La-Poer, 13th Baroness De-La-Poer, only daughter and heir of James, 3rd Earl of Tyrone, 12th Lord ; he was created Baron Beresford of Beresford, Co. Ty¬ rone, and Viscount of Tyrone, in 1720 ; and in 1746, Eari. of the County of Ty¬ rone ; he d. 4 April 1763, and the Countess 27 July 1769. They had, besides other issue, the three sons following: 1 George, who succeeded as 2nd Earl, and was created a Peer of Great Britain in 1786, by the title of Baron Tyrone of Haverfordwest, Co. Pembroke; and in 1789 was advanced to the dignity of Marquis of Waterford, in the Peerage of Ireland. He was b. 8 Jan. 1735, and d. 3 Dec., 1800 ; having m. 18 April 1769, Elizabeth, only daughter and heir of Henry Monck, Esq., who d, 15 Jan. 1816. The Marquis was succeeded by his eldest son, Henry, 2nd Marquis, who d. in 1826, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Henry, present and 3rd M ARQUIS. 2 The Right Hon. John Beresford, b. 14 March 1738, d. Nov. 1805 ; having m . 1st, 12 Nov. 1760, Anne-Constantia Ligondes, daughter of General Count Ligon- dcs, who d. 26 Oct. 1772; and 2ndly, 4 June 1774, Barbara, 2nd daughter of Sir William Montgomery, Bart., b. 12 May 1752, d. Dec. 1788. By his two marriages he had the numerous issue stated in The Peerage Volume. 3 The Most Rev. William Lord Archbishop of Tuam, created Lord Decies.—See The Peerage Volume , title Decies. WATERPARK, BARON. ^Cavendish.) Peer of Ireland. Henry Cavendish, Esq., of Hardwick and Chatsworth, Co. Derby, elder brother of William, 1st Earl of Devonshire, d. without legitimate issue, in 1616, but left an illegitimate son, to whom he gave Doveridge Hall, in the County of Derby, and 512 W E L a suitable estate. Ho was ancestor of Sir Henry Cavendish, w ho went over into Ireland in 1737, with his relation, William, 3rd Duke of Devonshire, Lord Lieute¬ nant of Ireland, and was by him appointed a Teller of the Exchequer ; in 1755, he was created a Baronet of England, and d. 31 Dec. 1776 ; having m. 1st, in 1730, Anne, daughter and co-heir of Henry Pyne, Esq., of Waterpark, Cork, son of Sir Richard Pyne, Lord Chief Justice of the Court of King’s Bench in Ireland, by whom he was father of Sir Henry, his heir, 2nd Baronet; and he m. 2ndly, 6 Oct. 1748, Catherine, daughter of Henry Prittie, Esq., grandfather of the 1st Lord Dunalley, and widow of Sir Richard Meade, Bart., who was father by her of the 1st Earl of Clanwilliam. He was succeeded by his eldest son. Sir Henry, 2nd Baronet, who was b. 13 Sept. 1732, and d. 3 Aug. 1804, having to. 5 Aug. 1757, Sarah, only daughter and co-heir of Richard Bradshaw, Esq., who was created, in 1792, Baroness Waterpark, Co. Cork, with remainder to her issue male by Sir Henry Cavendish ; she d. 4 Aug. 1807, and was succeeded by her eldest son, Sir Richard Cavendish, 2nd Lord, who d. in 1830, and was followed by his eldest son, Henry Manners, present and 3rd Lord. WELLESLEY, MARQUIS OF. (Wellesley.) Peer of Ireland and of Great Britain. The family of Cowley, or Colley, removed from Rutlandshire into Ireland in the reign of King Henry VIII. Walter Colley was Solicitor-General for Ireland in 1537 ; the 7th from him was Richard Colley, Esq., who being appointed heir to the estates of his cousin, Garrett Wesley, or Wellesley, Esq., of Dangan Castle, Co. Meath, took the name of Wellesley ; he was created Baron Mornington of Mornington, Co. Meath, and d. in 1758 ; he was succeeded by his only son, Gar¬ rett, 2nd Lord, who was created, in 1760, Viscount Wellesley of Dangan, Co. Meath, and Earl of Mornington ; he d. 22 May 1781, and was succeeded by his eldest son, Richard, 2nd Earl, who was created a Peer of Great Britain in 1797, by the title of Baron Wellesley of Wellesley, Co. Somerset; was advanced to the dignity of Marquis Wellcsley, in the Peerage of Ireland, in 1799, and is the present Marquis. His Lordship was educated at Eton and at Christ Church, Oxford, and won every literary honour at each ; took his seat in the Irish House of Lords in Oct. 1781 ; on the Institution of the order of St. Patrick, in March 1783, he was installed one of the original knights of that Order, being not then 23 years of age ; and in the next year was sworn a Privy Councillor in Ireland. Among many eminent public stations which he has tilled and ornamented, have been those of Governor-General of India, and Lord-Lieutenant of Ireland, to which latter he is now a second time appointed. His Lordship is also a knight of the Garter. The 1st Earl was also father of William, Lord Maryborough, Arthur, Duke of Wel¬ lington, the Hon. and Rev. Dr. Gerald-Valerian Wellesley, and Henry, Lord Cowley. WEL WELLINGTON, DUKE OF. (Wellesley.) Peer of the United Kingdom. This illustrious hero, whose fame as a military Commander is written in indelible characters in the proudest pages of British history, was born, the Hon. Arthur Wellesley, 3rd son of Garrett, 1st Earl of Mornington, 1 May 1769; his first essay in active military service was made in Holland in 1794 ; in 1797, having purchased the Lieutenant-Colonelcy of the 33rd Regiment, then on service in India, he accompanied his brother, the Governor-General, thither, and there laid the foun¬ dation of that renown which has since filled the world. He was eminently service¬ able in the Mysore war, under the command of General Harris, and was appointed Governor of Seringapatam after the storming of that city. On the breaking out of the Mahratta war, he was appointed, with the rank of Major-General, to the command of a separate army within the Deccan, and in this command it was that his brilliant talents first shone upon the world, almost in their full splendour, in the skilful combinations by which, under the most adverse circumstances, he achieved the decisive victory of Assaye; that of Argaum, which followed, and the storming of the fortress of Gawilghar, ended the war, and earned for Major- General Wellesley the thanks of both Houses of Parliament, and the Order of the Bath. Sir Arthur returned to Europe, and was appointed Chief Secretary of Ireland under the Vice-royalty of his friend the late Duke of Richmond, from which office, he was called to a command in the expedition to Copenhagen, under Lord Cathcart, and materially contributed to its success. In August 1808 he was sent to Portugal with a considerable force, and fought the battles of Roleia and Vimiera before the arrival of Sir Harry Burrard and Sir Hugh Dalrymple, who, by concluding the Convention of Cintra, destroyed a part of the advantages fairly to be expected from the courage of the army, and the skill of its Commander. The three Generals were summoned home, the command de¬ volved on the brave but unfortunate Sir John Moore, and the Peninsula was evacuated by the British troops. An investigation into the whole of the Portuguese affair proved to the Government and to the nation, that Sir Arthur Wellesley was the General to lead the British army to victory, and his appointment to the command- in-chief of another expedition sent to Portugal followed in 1809. His brilliant pas¬ sage of the Douro once more freed Portugal from the presence of the French troops, and the glorious, though indecisive, conflict of Talavera ensued, in reward of which Sir Arthur was elevated to the Peerage in 1809, by the title of Baron Douro of Wellesley, Co. Somerset, and Viscount Wellington of Talavera and Wellington, Co. Somerset. All that consummate military skill could do against the prodigious superiority of force now opposed to the British General, was effected by the com¬ pletion of the impregnable lines of Torres Vedras and the battle of Busaco. His defensive operations were completely successful, the enemy withdrew from the ex¬ hausted country, and the year 181‘2 opened with the capture of the important fortress of Ciudad Rodrigo. The year of restrictions on the functions of the Regency was now expired, and the first use made by the Prince Regent of the free exercise of his regal powers was to raise the hero to the rank of Earl of Wellington, Co. Somerset. The fortress of Badajoz next fell, the victory of Fuentes d’Onores led the way to 514 W E M the glorious day of Salamanca, and the conqueror was created Marquis of Wel¬ lington ; the siege of Cadiz raised, and the government of Spain restored to its capital, were the immediate fruits of this brilliant victory. The year 1813 was illustrated by the decisive victory of Vittoria, which won for the General a Field- Marshal’s baton ; the capture of Pampeluna and San Sebastian, and the defeat of the French army in the passes of the Pyrenees, accomplished the deliverance of Spain, and the close of this year saw the victor established on the territory of France. In 1814 the battles of Orthes and Toulouse preceded the general peace, and, at its conclusion, the laurelled conqueror was raised to the Ducal dignity. Numerous votes of thanks had passed both Houses of Parliament, and the country, with a lavish hand, afforded the means of supporting the first rank in the state so meritoriously won. Every country in Europe showered its honours on the British Commander, and a personal conflict with the leader of the French armies and his chosen troops was all that now remained to seal his unrivalled glory : Napoleon returned from Elba, the field of Waterloo was fought and won, and Wellington’s triumphs were consummated. England could do no more for the Duke and the Field-Marshal, but history will add this proudest wreath to his imperishable laurels. Since the Peace, to which his arms so splendidly contributed, the Duke of Wellington, as Ambassador abroad, Commander-in-Chief, or Statesman at home, and very lately as leader of the opposition, has not ceased to devote his time and talents to his country. WEMYSS, EARL OF. (Wemyss-Charteris-Douglas.) Peer of Scotland and of the United Kingdom. Macduff, Thane of Fife, one of the most powerful subjects in Scotland, who overthrew the usurper Macbeth, and restored the throne to Malcolm III., was created Earl of Fife. Gillmichael, 4th Earl, his descendant, had two sons, 1 Dun¬ can, 5th Earl ; from whom proceeded the succeeding Earls of Fife, till his male line failed in 1353, and the Earldom, by the resignation of the Countess Isabel, daughter and heir of Duncan, 12th Earl, became vested in the Crown ; 2 Hugo, who ob¬ tained from his father the lands of Wemyss, Co. Fife, from which his descendants assumed their surname. The 14th from him was Sir David Wemyss, of Wemyss, who d. 1544, leaving issue, 1 Sir John, great-grandfather of John, created, in 1628, Lord Wemyss of Elcho, and, in 1633, Earl of Wemyss, Lord Elcho and Methel, with remainder to his heirs male for ever. Flis son David, 2nd Earl, obtained, in 1672, a renewal of the patent, with the former precedency, with remainder to his youngest daughter Lady Margaret, and her heirs male ; (failing which to the heirs of entail contained in her contract of marriage ;) he d. in 1679, and was succeeded by his daughter Margaret, 3rd Countess. • 2 James, from whom descended Sir James Wemyss of Caskyberry, who m. Margaret, 3rd Countess. Her Ladyship d. in 1705, and was succeeded by her son David, 4th Earl, who, d. in 1720, having m. Lady Anne Douglas, eldest daughter, and eventually heir of line, of William, 1st Duke of Queensberry ; and by her was father of 515 l i. 2 W E N James, 5th Earl; lie m . Janet, only daughter and heir of Colonel Francis Charteris ; and d. in 175(1, leaving issue hy her, 1 David, Lord Elcho, who having engaged in the rebellion of 1745, was attainted, and d. in 1787, without issue, 2 Francis, 6th Earl ; he assumed the name of Charteris, on succeeding to the estates of his maternal grandfather ; became Earl of Wemyss on the death of his brother Lord Elcho, and d. in Aug. 1808 ; having survived his only son Francis, Lord Elcho, who d. in Jan. 1808; and whose only son, Francis, succeeded his grandfather, and is the present and 7th Earl. He succeeded also, on the death of William, 4th Duke of Queensberry, 23 Dec. 1810, to the titles of Earl of March, Baron of Niedpath, Lyne, and Milliard, as heir of Lady Anne, daughter of William, 1st Earl of March, and on whom, and her issue male, these titles, created in 1697, were entailed by patent, and has assumed the additional name of Douglas. His Lordship was created a Peer of the United Kingdom in 1821, by the title of Baron Wemyss of Wemyss, Co. Fife. 3 The Hon. James Wemyss of Wemyss, b. 6 March 1725, d. 10 May 1785 ; leaving by his marriage, Aug. 1757, with Lady Elizabeth Sutherland, daughter of William, 16th Earl of Sutherland, who was b. 23 July 1738, and d. 24 Jan. 1803, the issue stated in The Peerage Volume. WENMAN, BARONESS. (Wykeham.) Peeress of the United Kingdom. The family of Wykeham of Swalcliffe is of great antiquity, and claims affinity with the illustrious William of Wykeham, Bishop of Winchester, though no evidence of the degree of relationship exists. The first authenticated ancestor of this family is Sir Robert Wykeham of Swalcliffe in the 14th century ; the 8th in descent from him was Richard Wykeham, Esq., of Swalcliffe, who m. Vere-Alicia, daughter of the Rev. Richard Fiennes, and sister and co-heir of Richard, last Viscount Saye and Sele ; his 2nd son Richard, was father of Fiennes Wykeman-Martin, Esq., of Leeds Castle, Kent; his eldest son and successor, was William-Humphrey Wykeham, Esq., of Swalcliffe, who was b. in 1734, and d. in 1784, haling m. the Hon. Sophia Wenman, daughter of Philip, 5th Viscount, and sister and heir of Philip, 6th Viscount Wenman in Ireland, on whose death, without issue, 26 March 1800, that title became extinct. The Hon. Mrs. Wykeham was b. in 1743, and d. in Feb. 1792, leaving issue : 1 William-Richard, who succeeded his father at Swalcliffe, and d. in 1800; for his marriage and issue, see The Peerage Volume. His only surviving child, Soehia- Elizabeth, was created, in 1834, Baroness Wenman, of Thame Park, Co. Oxford, and is the present Peeress. 2 Philip-Thomas, who d. in 1832, having m. 1st, Hester-Louisa, daughter of Fiennes Trotman, Esq., of Siston Court; and 2ndlv, Eliza, 2nd daughter of his cousin Fiennes Wykeman-Martin, Esq. ; his eldest son by his 1st marriage is Pliilip- Thomas-Herbert Wykeham, Esq., of Tythorp House, Co. Oxon. 3 Sophia-Anne, d. unm. 4 Harriet-Mary, m. 1st, the Rev. Willoughby Bertie; and 2ndly, Edward Johnson, Esq. 516 WES WESTERN, BARON. (Western.) Peer of the United Kingdom. His Lordship’s great-grandfather, Thomas Western, Esq., of Rivenhall, in the County of Essex, d. in 1733, having m. Mary, sister and coheir of Sir Richard Shirley, Bart., of Preston, Co. Sussex. Thomas, their only son and heir, m. Anne, daughter of Robert Callis, Esq., and d. in 17(35, leaving issue by her : 1 Charles, his successor at Rivenhall. 2 Rev. Thomas, Rector of Rivenhall, deceased. 3 Anna-Maria, m. Sir Thomas Shirley, Bart., of Oathill, Co. Sussex. 4 Frances. 5 Judith, m. Robert Houlton, Esq. Charles Western, Esq., the eldest son and heir, m. Francis, daughter and heir of William Bolland, Esq., and d. in 1771, leaving two sons; the younger of whom, the Rev. Shirley Western, Rector of Rivenhall, d. unm. in 1824 ; and Charlf.s-Cai.i.is, the elder son, was created, in 1833, Baron W estern of Rivenhall, Co. Essex, and is the present Peer. WESTMEATH, MARQUIS OF. (Nugent.) Peer of Ireland. Sir Gilbert de Nugent came into Ireland in 1171, and marrying Rosa, daughter of Hugh de Lacy, had with her the Barony of Delvin ; he