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 COL. GEORGE WASHINGTON FLOWERS 
 MEMORIAL COLLECTION 
 
 DUKF. UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 
 DURHAM. N. C. 
 
 PRHSENTED BV 
 W. W. FLOWERS 
 
Digitized by the Internet Archive 
 in 2010 with funding from 
 Duke University Libraries 
 
 http://www.archive.org/details/presidentsmessaOOconf 
 
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PRESIDENT'S MESSAGE 
 
 jCnd 
 
 ACCOMPANYING DOCUMENTS. 
 
 To the Senate and House of Representatives of the Confederate States : 
 
 It is again oui* fortune to meet for devising measures necessary to 
 the public welfare whilst our country is involved in a desolating war. 
 The sufferings endured by some portions of the people excite the deep 
 solicitude of the Government, and the sympathy thus evoked has been 
 heightened by the patriotic devotion with which these sufferings have 
 been borne. The gallantry and good conduct of our troops, always 
 claiming the gratitude of the country, have been further illustrated on 
 hard fought fields, marked by exhibitions of individual prowess which 
 can find but few parallels in ancient or modern history. Our army 
 has not faltered in any of the various trials to which it has been sub- 
 jected, and the great body of the people have continued to manifest a 
 zeal and unanimity which not only cheer the battle-stained soldier, 
 but gives assurance to the friends of constitutional liberty of our final 
 triumph in the pending struggle aga.inst despotic usurpation. 
 
 The vast army which threatened the capital of the Confederacy 
 has been defeated and driven from the lines of investment, and the 
 enemy repeatedly foiled in his eflbrts for its capture, is now seeking 
 to raise new armies on a scale such as modern history does not record, 
 to effect that subjugation of the South so often proclaimed as on the 
 eve of accomplishment. 
 
 The perfidy which disregarded rights secured by compact, the mad-- 
 ness which trampled on obligations made sacred by every considera- ■ 
 tion of honor, have been intensified by the malignity engendered by 
 defeat. These passions have changed the character of the hostilities 
 waged by our enemies, who are becoming daily less regardful of the 
 usages of civilized war and the dictates of humanity Rapine and 
 wanton destruction of private property, war upon non-combatants, 
 murder of captives, bloody threats to avenge the death of an invading 
 soldiery by the slaughter of unarmed citizens, orders of banishment 
 against peaceful farmers engaged in the cultivation of the soil, are 
 some of the means used by our ruthless invaders to enforce the sub- 
 mission of a free people to foreign sway. Confiscation bills of a 
 
 V''2.^1}«3L*2l 
 
character so atrocious as to ensure, if executed, the utter ruin of the 
 entire population of these States, are passed by their Congress and 
 approved by their Executive. The moneyed obligations of the Con- 
 federate Government are forged by citizens of the United States, and 
 publicly advertised for sale in their cities with a notoriety that suf- 
 ficiently attests the knowledge of their Government, and its complici- 
 ty in the crime is further evinced by the fact that the soldiers of the 
 invading armies are found supplied witli large quantities of these 
 forged notes as a means of despoiling the country people, by fraud, 
 out of such portions of their property as armed violence may fail to 
 reach. Two at least of the generals of the United States are engaged, 
 unchecked by their Government, in exciting servile insurrection, and 
 in arming and training slaves for warfare against their masters, citi- 
 zens of the Confederacy. Another has been found of instincts so 
 brutal as to invite the violence of his soldiery against the women of a 
 captured city. Yet the rebuke of ciyilized man has failed to evoke 
 from the authorities of the United States one mark of disapprobation 
 of his acts, nor is there any reason to suppose that the conduct of 
 Benjamin F. Butler has failed to secure from his Government the 
 sanction and applause with which it is known to have been greeted by 
 public meetings and portions of the press of the United States. To 
 inquiries made of the commander-in-chief of the armies of the United 
 States whether the atrocious comluct of some of their military com- 
 manilers met the sanction of that Government, answer has been evaded 
 on the pretext that the enquiry was insulting, and no method remains 
 for the repression of these enormities but such retributive justice as 
 it may be found possible to execute. Retaliation in kind for many of 
 them is impracticable, for I have had occasion to remark in a former 
 message that under no excess of provocation could our noble hearted 
 defenders be driven to wreak vengeance on unarmed men, on women, 
 or on children. But stern and exemplary punishment can and must 
 be meted out to the murderers and felons who, disgracing the profes- 
 sion of arms, seek to make of public war the occasion for the commis- 
 sion of the most monstrous crimes. Deeply as we may regret the 
 character of the contest into which we are about to be forced, we must 
 : accept it as an alternative which recent manifestations give us little 
 reason to hope can bo avoided. The exasperation of failure has 
 aroused the worst passions of our enemies : a large portion of their 
 people, even of the clergymen, now engage in urging an excited popu- 
 lace to the extreme of ferocity, and nothing remains but to vindicate 
 'Our rights and maintain our existence by employing against our foes 
 every energy and every resource at our disposal. 
 
 I append for your information a copy of the papers exhibiting the 
 action of the Government up to the present time for the repression of 
 the outrages committed on our people. Other measures now in pro- 
 gress will be submitted hereafter. _ , 
 
 In inviting your attention to the legislation which the necessities of 
 -our condition require, those connected witli the prosecution of the war 
 ■ command almost undivided attention. The acts passed at your last 
 session intended to secure the public defence by general enrolment. 
 
 
 c^ fi 
 
and to render uniform the rules governing troops in the service, have 
 led to some unexpected criticism that is much to be regretted. The 
 eflScacy of the law has thus been somewhat impaired, though it is not 
 believed that in any of the States the popular mind has Avithheld its 
 sanction from either the necessity or propriety of your legislation. It 
 is only by harmonious as well as zealous action that a government as 
 new as ours, ushered into existence on the very eve of a great war, 
 and unprovided with the material necessary for conducting hostilities 
 on so vast a scale, can fulfil its duties. Upon you who are fully 
 informed of the acts and purposes of the Government, and thoroughly 
 imbued with the feelings and sentiments of the people, must reliance 
 be placed to secure this great object. You can best devise the means 
 for establishing that entire co-operation of the State and Confederate 
 Governments which is essential to the well-being of both at all times, 
 but which is now indispensable to their very existence. And if any 
 legislation shall seem to you appropriate for adjusting differences of 
 opinion, it will be my pleasure as well as duty, to co-operate in any 
 measure that may be devised for reconciling a just care for the public 
 defence with a proper deference for the most scrupulous susceptibili- 
 ties of the State authorities. 
 
 The report of the Secretary of the Treasury will exhibit in detail 
 the operations of that department. It will be seen with satisfaction 
 that the credit of the Government securities remains unimpaired, and 
 that this credit is fully justified by the comparatively small amount 
 of accumulated debt, nothwithstanding the magnitude of our military 
 operations. The legislation of the last session provided for the pur- 
 chase of supplies with the bonds of the Government, but the prefer- 
 ence of the people for Treasury Notes has been so marked that legis- 
 lation is recommended to authorize an increase in the issue of Treasury 
 Notes, which the public service seems to require. No grave inconve- 
 nience need be apprehended from this increased issue, as the provision 
 of law by which these notes are convertible into eight per cent, bonds, 
 forms an efficient and permanent safeguard against any serious de- 
 preciation of the currency. Your attention is also invited to the 
 means proposed by the Secretary for facilitating the preparation of 
 these notes, and for guarding them against forgery. It is due to our 
 people to state that no manufacture of counterfeit notes exists within 
 our limits, and that they are all imported from the Northern States. 
 
 The report of the Secretary of War, which is submitted, contains 
 numerous suggestions for the legislation, deemed desirable in order to 
 add to the efficiency of the service. I invite your favorable consid- 
 eration especially to those recommendations, which are intended to 
 secure the proper execution of the Conscript Law, and tlie consolidji- 
 tion of companies, battalions and regiments, when so reduced in 
 strength as to impair that uniformity of organization which is necessary 
 in the army, while an undue burthen is imposed on the Treasury. The 
 necessity for some legislation for controlling military transportation 
 on the railroads, and improving their present defective condition forces 
 itself upon the attention of the Government, and I trust that you will 
 be able to devise satisfactory measures for attaining this purpose. 
 
 ^u^o'^.^a. 
 
The legislation on the subject of general officers involves the service 
 in some difficulties which are pointed out by the Secretary, and for 
 vrhich the remedy suggested by him seems appropriate. 
 
 In connection with this subject, I am of opinion that prudence 
 dictates some provision for the increase of the army, in the event of 
 emergencies not now anticipated. The very large increase of forces 
 recently called into the fiel;4 by the President of the United States 
 may render it necessary hereafter to extend the provisions of the Con- 
 script Law so as to embrace persons between the ages of 35 and 45 
 years. The vigor and efficiency of our present forces, their condition, 
 and the skill and ability which distinguish their leaders inspire the 
 belief that no further enrolment will be necessary, but a wise fore- 
 sight requires that if a necessity should be suddenly developed during 
 the recess of Congress, requiring increased forces for our defence, 
 means should exist for calling such forces into the field without await- 
 ing the re-assembling of the Legislative Department of the Govern- 
 ment. 
 
 In the election and appointment of officers for the Provisional 
 Army, it was to be anticipated that mistakes would be made and 
 incompetent officers of all grades introduced into the service. In the 
 absence of experience, and with no reliable guide for selection, exe- 
 cutive appointments as well as elections have been sometimes unfor- 
 tunate. The'good of the service, the interests of our country require, 
 that some means be devised for withdrawing the commission of officers 
 who are incompetent for the duties required by the position, and I 
 trust that you will find means for relieving the army of such officers 
 by some mode more prompt and less wounding to their sensibility than 
 judgment of a court martial. 
 
 Within a recent period we have effected the object so long desired 
 of an arrangement for the exchange of prisoners, which is now being 
 executed by delivery at the points agreed upon, and which will, it is 
 hoped, speedily restore our brave and unfortunate countrymen to their 
 places in the ranks of the army, from which by the fortune of war 
 they have for a time been separated. The details of this arrangement 
 will be communicated to you in a special report when further progi'ess 
 has been made in their execution. 
 
 Of other particulars concerning the operations of the War Depart- 
 ment, you will be informed by the Secretary in his report and the 
 accompanying documents 
 
 The report of the Secretary of the Navy, embraces a statement of 
 the operations and present condition of this branch of the public service, 
 both afloat and ashore ; the construction and equipment of armed vessels 
 at home and abroad ; the manufacture of ordnance and ordnance stores ; 
 the establishment of workshops and the development of our resources of 
 coal and of iron. Some legislation seems essential for securing crews 
 for vessels. The difficulties now experienced on this point are fully 
 stated in the Secretary's report, and I invite your attention to pro- 
 viding a remedy. 
 
 The report of the Postmaster General discloses the embarrassments 
 which resulted in the postal service from the occupation by the enemy 
 
 y^'je-:'V 
 
of the Mississippi River and portions of the territory of the diflFerent 
 States. The measures taken by the department for relievino- these 
 embarrassments as far as practicable, are detailed in the report. It 
 is a subject of congratulation, that during the ten months which 
 ended on the 31st March last, the expense's of the department were 
 largely decreased, whilst its revenue was augmented, as compared 
 with a corresponding period ending on the 3(lth June, 1860, when the 
 postal service for these States was conducted under the authority 
 delegated to the United States. Sufficient time has not yet elapsed 
 to determine whether the measures, heretofore devised by Cono-ress, 
 will accomplish the end of bringing the expenditures of the depart- 
 ment within the limit of its own revenues by the first of March next 
 as required by the Constitution. ' 
 
 I am happy to inform you, that in spite both of blandishments and 
 threats, used in profusion by the agents of the government of the 
 United States, the Indian nations within the Confederacy, have re- 
 mained firm in their loyalty and steadfast in the observanc'e of their 
 treaty engagements with this government. Nor has their fidelity 
 been shaken by the fact that, owing to the vacancies in some of the 
 offices of Agents and Superintendents, delay has occurred in the pay- 
 ments of the annuities and allowances to which they are entitled. I 
 I would advise^ some provision authorizing payments to be made by 
 other officers, in the absence of those specially charged by law with 
 this duty. 
 
 We have never-ceasing cause to be grateful for the fiivor with which 
 (jod has protected our infant Confederacy. And it becomes us 
 reverently to return our thanks and humbly to ask of his bounteous- 
 ness that wisdom which is needful for the performance of the hic^h 
 trusts with which we are charged. ° 
 
 JEFFERSON DAVIS. 
 Richmond, August loth, 18G2. 
 
 < . 
 
[Copy.] 
 
 HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE C. S., 
 
 Near Richmond, Va., 
 
 August 2, 18G2. 
 
 To the General Commanding U. S. Army, Washington : 
 
 General : In obedience to tlic order of his Excellency, the Presi- 
 dent of the Confederate States, I have the honor to make to you the 
 folloAving communication : 
 
 On the 22d of July last a cartel for a general exchange of prison- 
 ers of war was signed by Major General John A. Dix, on behalf of 
 the United States, and l»y Major General D. H. Hill, on the part of 
 this Government. By the terms of that cartel it is stipulated that all 
 prisoners of w ar hereafter taken, shall be discharged on parole, until 
 exchanged. 
 
 Scarcely had the cartel been signed when the military authorities 
 of the United States commenced a practice changing the character of 
 the -war, from such as becomes civilized nations, into a campaign of 
 indiscriminate robbery and murder. 
 
 A General Order issued by the Secretary of War of the United 
 States in the City of AVashington, on the very day that the cartel Avas 
 signed in Virginia, directs the military commander of the United 
 States to take the property of our people for the convenience and use 
 of the army, without compensation. 
 
 A General Order issued by Major General Pope, on the 23d of July 
 last, the day after the date of the cartel, directs the murder of our 
 peaceful citizens as spies, if found quietly tilling their farms in his 
 rear, even outside of his lines. 
 
 And one of his Brigadier Generals, Steinwehr, has seized innocent 
 and peaceful inhabitants to be held as hostages, to the end that they 
 may be murdered in cold blood, if any of his soldiers are killed by 
 some unknown persons, whom he designated as ''bushwhackers." 
 
 Some of the military authorities of the United States seem to sup- 
 pose that their end will be better attained by a savage war, in which 
 no (juarter is to be given and no age or sex to be spared, than by such 
 hostilities as are alone recognized to be lawful in modern times. We 
 find ourselves driven by o.-r enemies, by steady progress, towards a 
 practice which we abhor, and which we are vainly struggling to avoid. 
 
 Under these circumstances this government has issued the accom- 
 panying General Order, which I am directed by the President to trans- 
 mit to you, recognizing Major General Pope and his commissioned 
 officers to be in the position' which they have chosen for themselves, 
 that of robbers and murderers, and not that of public enemies, enti- 
 tled, if captured, to be treated as prisoners of war. 
 
The President also instructs me to inform you that we renotince our 
 right of retaliation on the innocent, and will continue to treat the 
 private enlisted soldiers of General Pope's army as prisoners of war ; 
 but if, after notice to your government that Ave confine repressive 
 measures to the punishment of commissioned ofiicers, who are willing 
 participants in these crimes, the savage practices threatened in the 
 orders alluded to, be persisted in, we shall reluctantly be forced to the 
 last resort of accepting the war on the terms chosen by our enemies, 
 until the voice of an outraged humanity shall compel a respect for the 
 recognized usages of war. While the President considers that the 
 facts referred to would justify a refusal on our part to execute the car- 
 tel, by which we have agreed to liberate an excess of prisoners of war 
 in our hands, a sacred regard for plighted faith, which shrinks from 
 the semblance of breaking a promise, precludes a resort to such an 
 extremity. Nor is it his desire to extend to any other forces of the 
 United States the punishment merited by General Pope and such com- 
 missioned officers as choose to participate in the execution of his in- 
 famous orders. 
 
 I have the honor to be, 
 
 Very respectfully, 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 (Signed) R. E. LEE, 
 
 General Command'mg. 
 
ADJUTANT AND INSrECTOR GENERAL'S OFFICE, 
 Richmond, August 1, 1862. 
 
 GENERAL ORDERS, 
 No. 54. 
 
 I. The following Orders arc published for the information and ob- 
 servance of all concerned : 
 
 II. Whereas, by a General Order, dated the 22d July 18G2, issued 
 by the Secretary of War of the United States, under the order of the 
 President of the United States, the military commanders of that go- 
 vernment within the states of Virginia, South Carolina, Georgia, 
 Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Texas and Arkansas, are 
 directed to seize and use any property, real or personal, belonging to 
 the inhabitants of this Confederacy, which may be necessary or conve- 
 nient for their several commands, and no provision is made for any 
 compensation to the owners of private property thus seized and ap- 
 propriated by the military commanders of the enemy : 
 
 III. And whereas, by General Order number eleven, issued on the 
 23d July 18G2, by Major General Pope, commanding the forces of 
 the enemy in Northern Virginia, it is ordered that all *' commanders 
 of army corps, divisions, brigades and detached commands, will pro- 
 ceed immediately to arrest all disloyal male citizens Avithin their lines 
 or within their reach, in rear of their respective commands. Such as 
 are willing to take the oath of allegiance to the United States, and 
 will furnish sufficient security for its observance, shall be permittepl 
 to remain at their homes, and pursue in good faith their accustomed 
 avocations. Those who refuse, shall be conducted South, beyond the 
 extreme pickets of this army, and be notified that if found again any 
 where Avithin our lines, or at any point in rear, they w^ill be consider- 
 ed spies, and subjected to the extreme rigor of military law. If any 
 person having taken the oath of allegiance as above specified, be found 
 to have violated it, he shall be shot, and his property seized and ap 
 plied to the public use :" 
 
 IV. And whereas, by an order issued on the 1 3th July 18G2, by 
 Brigadier General A. Steinwehr, Major William Steadman, a cavalry 
 officer of his brigade, has been ordered to arrest five of the most prom- 
 inent citizens of Page county, Virginia, to be held as liostages, and 
 to suffer death in the event of any of the soldiers of said Steinwehr 
 being shot by "bushwhackers," by which term are meant the citizens 
 of this Confederacy who have taken up arms to defend their homes 
 and families : 
 
 V. And whereas it results from the above orders that some of the 
 military authorities of the United States, not content with the unjust 
 and aggressive warfare hitherto waged with savage cruelty against an 
 unoffending people, and exasperated by the failure of their effort to 
 subjugate them, have now determined to violate all the rules and 
 
usages of war, and to convert the hostilities hitherto waged against 
 armed forces into a campaign of robbery and murder against unarmed 
 citizens and peaceful tillers of the soil : 
 
 VI. And whereas this government, bound by the highest obligations 
 of duty to its citizens, is thus driven to the necessity of adopting such 
 just measures of retribution and retaliation as shall seem adequate to 
 repress and punish these barbarities ; and Avhereas the orders above 
 recited have only been published and made known to this government 
 since the signature of a cartel for exchange of prisoners of war, which 
 cartel, in so far as it provides for an exchange of prisoners hereafter 
 captured, would never have been signed or agreed to by this govern- 
 ment, if the intention to change the war into a system of indiscrimi- 
 nate murder and robbery had been made known to it : and whereas a 
 just regard to humanity forbids that the repression of crime which this 
 government is thus compelled to enforce should be unnecessarily ex- 
 tended to retaliation on the enlisted men in the army of the United 
 States, who may be the unwilling instruments of the savage cruelty of 
 their commanders, so long as there is hope that the excesses of the en- 
 emy may be checked or prevented by retribution on the commissioned 
 oflBcers who have the power to avoid guilty action, by refusing service 
 under a government which seeks their aid in the perpetration of such 
 infamous barbarities : 
 
 YII. Therefore, it is ordered that Major General Pope, Brigadier 
 General Steinwehr, and all commissioned officers serving under their 
 respective commands, be and they are hereby expressly and specially 
 declared to be not entitled to be considered as soldiers, and therefore 
 not entitled to the benefit of the cartel for the parole of future prison- 
 ers of war. Ordered further, that in the event of the capture of Ma- 
 jor General Pope, or Brigadier General Steinwehr, or of any commis- 
 sioned officer serving under them, the captive so taken shall be held 
 in close confinement so long as the orders aforesaid shall continue in 
 force and unrepealed by the competent military authorities of the 
 United States : and that in the event of the murder of any unarmed 
 citizen or inhabitant of this Confederacy by virtue or under pretext of 
 any of tlie orders hereinbefore recited, whether with or without trial, 
 whether under pretence of such citizen being a spy or hostage, or any 
 other pretence, it shall be the duty of the Commanding General of the 
 forces of this Confederacy to cause immediately to be hung, out of the 
 commissioned officers, prisoners as aforesaid, a number equal to the 
 number of our own citizens thus murdered by the enemy. 
 By order. 
 
 S. COOPER, 
 Adjutant and Inspector General. 
 
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA, 
 
 War Departmknt, 
 Richmond, June 29, 18G2. 
 (ioneral R. E. Lee, 
 
 Commanding Departincnt of Xort/icrn Virginki : 
 
 General : "When you send a flag of truce again there arc two mat- 
 ters which I wish to bring to the notice of the general in command of 
 the U, S. forces, for the consideration of his government. 
 
 We have seen in the North'^rn papers that Mr. Wm. B. Mumford, 
 of New Orleans, and Colonel Owens, of the Missouri State Guard, 
 have been executed by the U. S. authorities, Mr. Mumford for having 
 pulled down the U. S. flag in New Orleans, and Colonel Owens upon 
 a charge of bridge burning in Missouri. The former was hung, the 
 latter was shot. 
 
 We arc informed that Mr. Mumford pulled the flag down when the 
 enemy were not yet in possession of the city, but had merely anchor- 
 ed their vessels before it, and had made a demand for a surrender, 
 which had not been complied with. 
 
 A party landed, hoisted the flag, and retired. The city was not 
 in their possession, nor subject to their jurisdiction. Under such cir- 
 cumstances the execution of Mr. Mumford was the murder of one of 
 our citizens. I enclose the account of his execution from the New 
 Orleans Delta. 
 
 We are informed that Colonel Owens was shot without trial. Such 
 is the account given in the Missouri papers, as you will perceive from 
 the enclosed slip, containing an extract from the Hannibal Herald. 
 He was a duly commissioned officer of the Second Division of the 
 Missouri State Guard. 
 
 We have executed private individuals for burning bridges, and per- 
 sons in military service for coming disguised within our lines to de- 
 stroy railroads, but we have given them fair trials. 
 
 If Colonel Owens entered the enemy's lines in disguise and burned 
 bridges, we could not consistently deny their right to try and punish 
 him, but an execution without trial is not justifiable under any cir- 
 cumstances, and if he acted in obedience to orders and without enter- 
 ing the lines of the enemy in disguise, his execution is a palpable 
 murder, committed by a U. S. officer. 
 
 Supposing Mr. Mumford, a citizen of the Confederate States, to 
 have been executed for an insult lo the U. S. flag, hoisted in a city 
 not in their possession, and Colonel Owens to have been executed 
 without trial, we deem it our duty to call on the authorities of theU. 
 S. for a statement of the facts, inasmuch as we do not intend to per- 
 mit outrages of that character to be perpetrated without retaliation. 
 A^ery respectfully, 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 (Signed) GEO. W. RANDOLPH, 
 
 Secretary of War. 
 
[Copy-] 
 
 HEADQUARTERS ARMY OF THE C. S., 
 
 Near Richmond, Va., 
 
 August 2, 1862. 
 To the General Commanding U. S. Army^ Washington : 
 
 General: On the 29th of June last, I was instructed by the Secre- 
 tary of War to enquire of Major-General McClclhin, as to the truth 
 of alleged murders committed on our citizens by officers of the U. S. 
 Army. The cases of Wm. B. Mumford, reported to have been mur- 
 dered at New Orleans by order of Major-General B. F, Butler, and 
 Colonel John Owens, reported to have been murdered in Missouri, by 
 order of Major-General Pope, were those referred to. I had tlie honor 
 to be informed by Major-General McClcllan that he had referred these 
 inquiries to his Government for a reply. No answer has as yet been 
 received. 
 
 The President of the Confederate States has since been credibly 
 informed that numerous other officers of the Army of the U, S. within 
 the Confederacy, have been guilty of felonies and capital offences 
 which are punishable by all laws human and divine. I am directed 
 by him to bring to your notice a few of those best authenticated. 
 Newspapers received from the United States announce as a fact, that 
 Major-General Hunter has armed slaves for the murder of their mas- 
 ters, and has thus done all in his power to inaugurate a servile war, 
 which is worse than that of the savage, inasmuch as it superadds other 
 horrors to the indiscriminate slaughter of all ages, sexes and condi- 
 tions. 
 
 Brigadier-General Phelps is reported to have initiated at New Or- 
 leans the example set by Major-General Hunter on the coast of South 
 Carolina. 
 
 Brigadier-General G. N. Fitch is stated in the same journals to have 
 murdered in cold blood two peaceful citizens because one of his men 
 while invading our country, was killed by some unknown person de- 
 fending his home. 
 
 I am instructed by the President of the Confederate States to repeat 
 the enquiry relative to the cases of Mumford and Owens, and to ask 
 whether the statements in relation to the action of Generals Hunter, 
 Phelps and Fitch are admitted to be true; and whether the conduct of 
 these Generals is sanctioned by their Government. 
 
 I am further directed by His Excellency the President, to give 
 notice that in the event of not receiving a reply to these enquiriea 
 within fifteen days from the delivery of this letter, that it will be 
 assumed that the alleged facts are true, and are sanctioned by the Gov- 
 ernment of the United States, 
 
12 
 
 In such event, on that Government will rest the responsibility of 
 the retribution or retaliatory measures which shall be adopted to put 
 an end to the merciless atrocities which now characterize the war waged 
 against the Confederate States. 
 
 I am, most respectfully, 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 (Signed) R. E. LEE, 
 
 General Commmiding. 
 
(Copy.) 
 
 HEADQUARTERS OF THE ARMY, 
 
 Washington, August 7, 1862. 
 General R. E. Lee, 
 Commanding, Sfc. . 
 
 General: Your letter of July 6tli was received at the Adjutant 
 General's Office on the 14th, but supposing from its endorsement that 
 it required no further reply, it was filed without being shown to the 
 President or Secretary of AVar. I learned to-day for the first time 
 that such letter had been received and hasten to reply. 
 
 No authentic information has been received in relation to the exe- 
 cution of either John Owens or Mumford, but measures will 
 
 be immediately taken to ascertain the facts of these alleged executions 
 of which you will be duly informed. 
 
 I need hardly assure you, General, that so far as the United States 
 authorities are concerned, this contest will be carried on in strict ac- 
 cordance with the laws and usages of modern warfare, and that all 
 excesses will be duly punished. 
 
 In regard to the burning of bridges, &c., within our lines by persons 
 in disguise as peaceful citizens, I refer you to my letter of January 
 22d last to General Price. I think you will find the views there ex- 
 pressed as not materially differing from those stated in your letter. 
 
 In regard to retaliation by taking the lives of innocent persons, I 
 know of no modern authority which justifies it, except in the extreme 
 case of a war Avith an uncivilized foe which has himself established 
 first such a barbarous rule. The United States will never countenance 
 such a proceeding, unless forced to do so by the barbarous conduct of 
 an enemy who first applies such a rule to our own citizens. 
 Very respectfully, 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 (Signed) H. W, HALLECK, 
 
 General-in-Chief U. S. Army. 
 
[Copy.] 
 
 HEADQUARTERS OF THE ARMY, 
 
 Washington, August 9th, 1862, 
 
 General R. E. Lee. 
 
 Commanding, Ifc. : 
 
 General: Your two communications of the 2d inst., with enclo- 
 sures are received. As these papers arc couched in language exceed- 
 ingly insulting to the Government of the United States, I must 
 respectfully decline to receive them. They are herewith returned. 
 Very respectfully, 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 (Signed) II. W. IIALLECK, 
 
 General-in-Chief U. S. Army. 
 
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF WAR. 
 
 CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA, 
 
 War Department, 
 Richmond, August 12th, 1862. 
 
 To His Excellency Jefferson Davis, 
 
 President of the Confederate States. 
 
 Sir : Although it is not customary for the heads of departments to 
 make reports at extra sessions of Congress, yet, in consideration of 
 recent changes in the organization of the Army, and of the necessity 
 for further legislation, it is deemed best to depart from this usage on 
 the present occasion. 
 
 It became apparent, in the course of the last Spring, to all ac- 
 quainted with the condition of the Army, that the acts of Congress, 
 providing for re-enlistments, would not effect the desired object. The 
 privilege allowed of re-enlisting for different corps, and even for dif- 
 ferent arms of the service, coupled with the love of change always 
 found in camps, and heightened in the case of our armies by the 
 monotony and discomfort of winter quarters, caused such extensive 
 changes, that the re-enlistments tended to the disorganization of the 
 Army. 
 
 Large numbers of our men, yearning for homo, weary of the dis- 
 comfort of camp life, and deceived by the apparent inactivity of the 
 enemy into the belief that their services were no longer necesary, 
 declined to re-enlist and prepared to turn over the burden of the war 
 to those who had as yet borne no part of it. Efforts to procure re- 
 enlistments and the expectation of change, relaxed the discipline of 
 the Army, impaired its efficiency, and rendered it incapable of accom- 
 plishing what otherwise might have been achieved. 
 
 While our armies were thus passing through successive stages of 
 disorganization to dissolution, those of the enemy recruited and re-or- 
 ganized, had reached a high state of efficiency, and were ready at the 
 opening of the campaign to enter upon it, with every guai-antee of 
 success that numbers, discipline, complete organization and perfect 
 equipments could afford. 
 
 The success they obtained under these circumstances, far from being 
 a matter of surprise, were necessary consequences of the relative con- 
 ditions of the armies, and it is truly surprising that these successes 
 were not greater and more complete. 
 
 The plan of voluntary enlistment having failed to preserve the or- 
 ganization, and to recruit the strength of our armies at a time when 
 the safety of the country required both to be effected, a resort to draft 
 or conscription was the only alternative. To all acquainted with the 
 
true condition of things there could be no ground for doubt. In a 
 period of thirty days the terms of service of one hundred and forty- 
 eight regiments expired. There was good reason to believe that a large 
 majority of the men had not re-enlisted, and of those who had re- 
 enlisted, a very large majority had entered corps which could never 
 be assembled, or if assembled, could not be prepared for the field in 
 time to meet the invasion actually commenced. 
 
 There was, therefore, an interval of disorganization and weakness 
 impending, and the enemy had already entered Virginia with an 
 army, now known to have had more than double the numerical 
 strength of our own and superior to it in everything but courage and 
 a goo<l cause. It was obvious that conscription alone could save us, 
 and it could hardly be supposed that a Constituliou adopted in the 
 midst of war, inhibited the only possible mode of rai'^ing armies. 
 
 Influenced by these and other considerations, Congress adopted the 
 measure popularly known as the Conscript Act. Four months have 
 not elapsed since its passage and the present condition of the army 
 and of the country sufficiently prove its wisdom. Four months ago 
 our armies were retiring weak and disorganized before the overwhelm- 
 ing force of the enemy, yielding to them the sea-coast, the mines, 
 the manufacturing power, the grain fields, and even entire States of 
 the Confederacy. Now we are advancing with increased numbers, 
 improving organization, renewed courage and the prestige of victory, 
 upon an enemy defeated, disheartened, and sheltering himself behind 
 defensive works and under cover of his gun-boats. A military sys- 
 tem which has done so much in so short a time, should be cherished 
 and perfected, and its defects speedily corrected. 
 
 Soon after the passage of the Conscript Act, the department pre- 
 pared to carry it out, and on the 28th of April, published General 
 Order No. 30, a copy of which is herewith returned, prescribing 
 regulations for the enrolment, mustering in, subsistence, transporta- 
 tion and disposition of conscripts. 
 
 It was determined to establish one or more permanent camps in 
 each State, at points selected with reference to health and facilities 
 for subsistence and transportation. Each camp ha:^ its Commanding 
 officer, its Drill officers, its Commissary, Quartermaster and Surgeon. 
 The conscripts are to be assembled, drilled, taken through the camp 
 diseases, and distributed among the regiments of the State in propor- 
 tion to their respective deficiencies. 
 
 The necessity of sending them immediately into the field, has inter- 
 fered with this plan of operations, but it has been carried out as far as 
 practicable, and during any period of comparative inactivity it can be 
 fully executed. Recruits thus prepared for the field, will be little in- 
 ferior to old soldiers, and the army will be relieved from its crowded 
 hospitals and the long train of ineffectives that now drags in its rear. 
 
 The greatest difficulty encountered in the execution of the law, has 
 been that which constitutes the chief impediment in all involuntary 
 military systems, the enrolment of recruits. The third section of the 
 Act requires the enrolling officers of the State to be used with the 
 consent of the respective Governors, and it is only on failure to ob- 
 
17 
 
 tain such consent, that the President is authorized to employ Con- 
 federate officers. 
 
 The military systems of many of the States are fallen into such 
 disuse, that there are either no enrolling officers, or none that can be 
 relied on. So far the experiment of using State officers has proved a 
 failure, and I would suggest that permission be given to resort to 
 other measures for enrolling recruits. 
 
 This may be done either by the appointment of a certain number of 
 enrolling officers for each Congressional District, or by giving each 
 corps supernumerary officers to act as enrolling officers for the corps. 
 The latter plan would probably give more activity and efficiency to 
 enrolments than the former, as the enrolling officers would be under 
 military control, and if inefficient, might be ordered back to their 
 regiments and be substituted by others. 
 
 The 4th and 13th sections of the act require all conscripts and vol- 
 unteers to enter companies in existence at the passage of the act, thua 
 cutting off recruits for companies mustered into service after that 
 time. The object of t^is restriction was apparent, the new companies 
 then forming were allowed thirty days to complete their organi?;ation, 
 and had the advantage over companies in the field in recruiting. It 
 was supposed necessary, therefore, to restore equality by giving the 
 conscripts and volunteers after thirty days to the old companies. 
 
 The effect will be, that many fine regiments brought into service- 
 since the passage of the act will go down for the want of recruits. I 
 think it will be well to permit conscripts to be assigned and volunteers^ 
 to enter all companies in service. 
 
 It is true that the number of regiments is already too great, and 
 that it is impossible to keep them all up. This may have been a 
 motive for restricting recruits to old regiments and permitting the' 
 others gradually to decline. But it will be better to discriminate in 
 the reduction of the number of regiments, and to consolidate such as 
 become too weak to be recruited. The power of consolidating regi- 
 ments, battalions, and companies, is so essential that our armies can-- 
 not be maintained in a tolerable state of efficiency without its exercise. 
 The Department has been compelled to disband corps because useless 
 from loss of men or other cause, but as the law now stands, this can 
 only be done by discharging the entire corps and enrolling the men, 
 within the conscript age for service in other companies. 
 
 Two inconveniences attend this mode of proceeding: First;, all the 
 men over thirty-five and under eighteen are lost, even though they 
 have enlisted for the war. Secondly, it is doubtful whether conscripts 
 can be enrolled out of their own States, an<l a company, therefore, 
 cannot be disbanded out of the State in which it was raised without 
 Ijsing the whole company. 
 
 I suggest, therefore, that whenever a corps 1»ccomes so much reduced 
 as to be unfit for service, and there is no reasonable expectation of 
 recruiting it, the President be authorized to disband it, to put the 
 officers out of commissio.i and to transfer the non-commissioned officers 
 and privates to other corps from the same State. It may be objected 
 that this violates the contract of enlistment whieh is for service in 
 '9. 
 
18 
 
 the company selected by the volunteer, and thus the Government, in 
 accepting the volunteer, impliedly engages to keep him in the com- 
 pany of his choice. I think that the engagement of the Government 
 is fulfilled by retaining the volunteer in his company so long as it is 
 fit for service, but that there is no implied promise to discharge him 
 when his company ciin be no longer preserved. Such a promise ^YOuld 
 be a premium to inefficiency. A company anxious to leave the service 
 would secure its object by rendering itself unfit to remain. 
 
 I also further recommend that power be given to enrol conscripts 
 wherever they may bo found. Military service is a debt due to the 
 Confederacy, and the power of exacting it should not depend on the 
 axjcident of place. Conscription may be altogether avoided by large 
 numbers of men, if merely crossing a line exonerates them from it. 
 The practice of employing substitutes at pleasure, supposed to be 
 authorized by the 9th section of the Conscript Act, has led to great 
 abuses. The procuration of substitutes has become a regular business. 
 Men thus obtained are usually unfit for service and frequently desert. 
 The Department has restricted the practice by prohibiting the recep- 
 tion of unnaturalized foreigners as substitutes, but the evils of the 
 system are still very great, and further restrictions are necessary. 
 
 It would be well to authorize substitution only where the services of 
 the principal are equally useful to the public, at home as in the field. 
 Such is the case with experts in trades necessary for the prosecution 
 of the war, with overseers in districts of country having icw whites 
 and large numbers of slaves, and generally in such callings as arc 
 essential to the public welfare. It is unwise to injure the public ser- 
 vice for the benefit of individuals, and therefore no substitution 
 founded merely on considerations of private interest should be tole- 
 rated. 
 
 In this connection I desire to call attention to what seems to be an 
 omission in the Exemption Act. Millers, tanners and saltmakers are 
 essential to the prosecution of the war. Without them armies can 
 neither be subsisted or properly clad. They are equally essential to 
 the community at large, and the restriction of such callings to per- 
 sons under eighteen and over thirty-five years of age inflict injury 
 upon the army and upon the people, I recommend, therefore, that 
 they be included in the Exemption Act. 
 
 The greatest defect in our present system is to l)e found in the rule 
 of promotion established by the IDth section of the Conscript Act, 
 and by the Acts of the l*rovisional Congress, approved December 1 Ith, 
 18G1, and January 22d, 1862. They rc(iuirc promotion to be by 
 seniority. To this rule no valid objection could be made if provision 
 were made for exceptional cases in which it becomes impracticable. In 
 long cstablislicd armies, seniority implies experience, and the rule is 
 applied to individuals who, by previous examination or other test, 
 have been found qualified for their position. In our armies there is 
 little or no difference in the experience of our officers, and no test is 
 applied to ascertain their moral or intellectual fitness for a commission. 
 As the act provides that commissions shall be granted by the Presi- 
 dent, it was supposed that this was intended as a safeguard against 
 the admission of unqualified persons to important public trusts. 
 
19 
 
 Accordingly, by General Order No. 39, a copy of which is here- 
 with returned. Boards of Enquiry were directed to be summoned in 
 all cases of promotion or election where the fitness of the claimant 
 was doubtful. This, however, only keeps out unfit persons, but 
 makes no provision for filling vacancies in case there be no unfit per- 
 son in the corps, or in case all entitled to promotion decline it. Such 
 cases occur and they contribute an element of disorganization and in- 
 efficiency in the army. 
 
 I earnestly recommend, therefore, that in all cases where election 
 or promotion by seniority fails to fill a A'acancy with a qualified officer, 
 such vacancy may be filled by appointment. It may be objected tliat 
 this increases executive patronage, and, by the intervention of examin- 
 ing boards, that promotion by seniority and by election may be cut 
 off. If the increase of executive patronage be necessary to remove a 
 great evil, its possible abuse is a poor argument against such increase. 
 It is unwise to prefer certain evils to contingent abuses. Practically, 
 it has been found difficult to get the examining boards to be rigid 
 enough ; they are too apt from indolence or good nature to scrutinize 
 slightly the qualifications of brother officers, and would prove to be 
 very unfit instruments for executive usurpation. 
 
 In this connection another serious difficulty in filling vacancies will 
 be mentioned. It is generally supposed that the rule prescribed in 
 the 10th section of the Conscript Act applies only to corps organized 
 under that act; that the rule prescribed in the act approved December 
 11th, 1861, applies only to re-organizations of re-enlisted corps, very 
 very few of which re-organizations actually took place, and that the 
 act approved January 22d, 1862, applies only to troops raised under 
 an act approved May 8th, 1861. But troops were authorized to be 
 raised by acts approved May 1 Ith, 1861, and August 8th, 1861, and 
 questions arise as to what act troops come under, and what rule of 
 promotion is provided for corps which come in under the act last men- 
 tioned. It is said that troops mustered directly into the Confederate 
 States service receive their laws of promotion from Congress, and that 
 those raised by the Governors of States, under requisition on them 
 by the President, are governed by the laws of their respective States. 
 It is maintained that the latter class are militia, and that, under the 
 Constitution, Congress cannot provide for filling vacancies occurring 
 in the militia. 
 
 Great confusion, uncertainty and inequality result from this state of 
 things, and it is very important that a uniform rule sliould be applied 
 to all. I know of no better rule than that already adopted, prr)vi(ling 
 the power of appointment be given as recommended, and there be no 
 constitutional impediments to its general application. A difficulty 
 arises from the act authorizing the appointment of general officers 
 which should be removed. The 6th section of the act approved 
 March 6th, 1861, authorizes the President to organize Brigades 
 and Divisions and to appoint c<''mmanding officers for them, who are to 
 hold office only while such Brigades and Divisions are in service. If 
 the casualties of service destroy a Brigade or a Division the commis- 
 sion of the General expires, and if separated from his command by 
 
20 
 
 ill health, wounds, or detached service, it is left without a head, there 
 being no authority to appoint a successor without vacating th« com- 
 mission of the first appointee. 
 
 The army moreover requires the service of Generals not attached to 
 Brigades and Divisions. There arc certain duties which can be better 
 performed b}' general oOicers than by officers of lower grade, but the 
 merit requisite for the discharge of these duties secures promotion in 
 the line, and officers of the line are therefore unwilling to surrender 
 their positions for staff appointments. Brigades and Divisions are 
 sometimes temporarily deprived of their commanders by the casualties 
 of service, and it is desirable to assign general officers to such com- 
 mands. It will be well, therefore, to increase the number of general 
 officers to a definite excess above the whole number, not exceeding 8- 
 or 10 per cent for the purposes above mentioned. 
 
 Congress, at its last session, authorized the appointment of eighty 
 artillery officers for ordnance duties, the addition of fifty engineers 
 to the provisional corps, and the organization of a signal corps, and 
 a nitre corps. 
 
 All of these acts have been carried into execution. Eighty artil- 
 lery officers for ordnance duty have been appointed and their duties 
 prescribed and systematized. General Orders No. 24 and 46, here- 
 with returned, require that every army corps shall have an ordnance 
 officer with the rank of major, every division one with the rank of 
 captain, every brigade one with the rank of first lieutenant, and every 
 regiment an ordnance sergeant. These form a corps under the Chief 
 of Ordnance at Richmond, to whom they are required to report. Their 
 services are important for the proper distributionr and preservation of 
 arms. Ordnance officers arc also required for arsenals. For the pro- 
 per, discharge of ordnance duties at arsenals, and in the field it will 
 require a corps of at least one hundred and fifty. 
 
 I recommend, therefore, that application be made for the enlarge- 
 ment of the corps to that number, and that a limited number be au- 
 thorized with the grade of major for service with army corps. 
 
 Most of the additional engineers have been appointed and the corps 
 has done good service. The present law permits no higher grade 
 than that of captain, while the other corps of the provisional army 
 are organized in conformity with corresponding corps in the Confed- 
 erate States army. This discrimination is unjust and impolitic. If 
 men of talent and acquirement are needed in this corps, promotion 
 should be ofiered equal to that attainable in other branches of the 
 service. 
 
 Engineering talent is of a hifjh order of endowment, and should be 
 stimulated by proper rewards. I recommend, therefore, that the 
 grade of the Provisional Engineer Corps should be made to conform 
 to those of the same corps in the Confederate States army. 
 
 A Signal Corps has been organized by General Order No. 40, a 
 copy of which is herewith returned. For the purpose of systematic 
 instruction, a confidential pamphlet has been prepared by a member 
 of the corps and printed with due precautions to avoid publicity. 
 Should it, however, fall into the enemy's hands, no great harm would 
 
"be done, as it contains the principles of the art merely, and doss not 
 disclose the key to any signal or cipher. 
 
 A Nitre Bureau has also been organized, and under its able and in- 
 defatigable head Major J. M. St. John, is doing good service. General 
 Order No. 41, herewith comumnicated, was issued to fxcilitate the 
 operations of the Bureau. The production of Nitre is already one 
 thousand pounds a day, and there is good reason to think that it will 
 reach three thousand pounds a day and supply our consumption. 
 
 A map of a rcconnoisance, and Major St. John's report, are here- 
 with returned. The Bureau has been directed to turn its attention to 
 the mining of such materials as are required for the army, and will 
 do much to develop their production. 
 
 The Act authorizing bands of Bartizan Rangers has been carried 
 into execution. Apprehending that the novelty of the organization, 
 and the supposed freedom from control, would attract great numbers 
 into the Bartizan Corps, the department adopted a rule requiring a re- 
 commendation from a General commanding a department, before 
 • granting authority to raise partizans. Notwithstanding this re- 
 striction, there is reason to fear that the number of Bartizan 'Corps 
 greatly exceed the requirements of the service, and that they serious- 
 ly impede recruiting for regiments of the line. 
 
 The precaution has been taken to require their organization to con- 
 form in all respects to that of other troops, and it Avill be only neces- 
 sary to brigade such of them as are not needed for partizan service, 
 to make them in fact, troops of the line, although nominally partizans. 
 I recommend that this be authorized. 
 
 Since the adjournment of Congress, our stock of arms has been 
 largely increased by importation and capture. Our small arms alone, 
 have increased from these sources not less than eighty thousand. Our 
 supply of ammunition has also been increased by importation and 
 manufacture, an.d as already stated, we may expect at no distant day 
 that the active and methodical operations of the Nitre Corps will sup- 
 ply our demand and make us independent of foreign importation. 
 
 I deem it unnecessary to say anything of the operations of the 
 army since the adjournment of Congress. The time has not arrived 
 for their complete disclosure, but enough has appeared to show the 
 ability of our Generals and the courage and patience of our troops. 
 
 It is to be regretted that we cannot reward such services as the 
 army has rendered, they are infinitely above all compensation, but 
 something may be done to show our appreciation of tiiem. Courage 
 and skill cannot always command promotion. Happily for us, they 
 far exceed our means of reward, if confined to mere material benefits. 
 It would, however, be doing our high-toned soldiers great injustice to 
 suppose that rank and pay are their only incentives to exertion. I 
 think that medals conferred as rewards for good conduct in the field, 
 cultivate the spirit which di'^^tinguishes the patriot soldier from the 
 mercenary, and afford means of reward without injuring the army by 
 excessive promotion. 
 
 I recommend, therefore, that application be made for authority to 
 confer medals upon such officers and men as distinguish themselves in 
 battle. 
 
22 
 
 A right to control the operations of our Railroads to some extent, 
 is necessai-y to insure quick and safe transportation, and to maintain 
 the roads in a proper state of efficiency. The regular transportation 
 of tlie roads is so much deranged by the movements of troops and 
 munitions of war, that a common head during the war is indispensable, 
 I recommend that application be for authority to exercise such control 
 a,"? may be necessary to harmonize tlio operations of the roads, and to 
 maintain their efficiency, and to appoint a Superintendent, who shall 
 be charged with the supervision of Railroad transportation. 
 Very respectfully, 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 
 GEO. W. RANDOLPH, 
 
 Secretary of War. 
 
WAR DEPARTMENT, 
 Adjutant and Inspector General's Office, 
 Richmond, April 28, 1862. 
 
 GENERAL ORDERS, ) 
 No. 30. 5 
 
 I. The following acts having passed both Houses of Congress, were 
 duly approved by the President, and are now published for the infor- 
 mation of the army : 
 
 An Act to Organize Bands of Partizan Rangers. 
 
 Sec. 1. The Congress of the Confederate States of America do enact y 
 That the President be and he is hereby authorized to commission such 
 officers as he may deem proper, with authority to form bands of Par- 
 tizan Rangers-, in companies, battalions or regiments, cither as infantry 
 or cavalry, the companies, battalions or regiments to be composed, 
 each, of such numbers as the President may approve. 
 
 Sec 2. Be it further enacted. That such Eartizan Rangers, after 
 being regularly received into the service, shall be entitled to the same 
 pay, rations and quarters, during their term of service, and be subject 
 to the same regulations as other soldiers. 
 
 Sec. 3. Be it further enacted, That for any arms and munitions of 
 war captured from the enemy by any body of Partizan Rangers, and 
 delivered to any quartermaster at such place or places as may be 
 designated by a Commanding General, the Rangers shall be paid their 
 full value, in such manner as the Secretary of War may prescribe. 
 
 Approved April 21, 1862. 
 
 An Act to further provide for the Public Defence. 
 
 In view" of the exigencies of the country, and the absolute necessity 
 of keeping in the service our gallant army, and of placing in the field 
 a large additional force to meet the advancing columns of the enemy 
 now invading our soil : Therefore, 
 
 Sec 1. The Congress of the Confcder.de States of America do enact, 
 That the President be and he is hereby authorized to call out and 
 place in the military service of the Confederate States, for three years, 
 unless the war shall have been sooner ended, all white men who are 
 residents of the Confederate States, between the ages of eighteen and 
 thirty-five years at the time the call or calls may be made, who are 
 legally exempted from military service. All of the persons aforesaid 
 who are now in the armies of the Confederacy, and whose term of 
 service Avill expire before the end of the war. shall be continued in the 
 service for three years from the date of their original enlistment,. 
 
24 
 
 unless the war shall have been sooner ended : Pj-ovidcd, however, That 
 all such companies, squadrons, battalions and regiments, ■whose term 
 of original enlistment was for twelve months, shall have the right, 
 within forty days, en a day to be fixed by the commander of the bri- 
 gade, to reorganize said companies, battalions and regiments, by 
 electing all their officers which they had a right heretofore to elect, 
 who shall be commissioned by the President: Provided furt/ur, That 
 furloughs not exceeding sixty days, with transportation home and 
 back, shall be granted to all those retained in the service by the pro- 
 visions of this act, beyond the period of their original enlistment, and 
 who have not heretofore received furloughs under the provisions of an 
 act entitled " An Act providing for the granting of bounty and fur- 
 loughs to privates and non-commissioned officers in the Provisional 
 Army," approved 11th December, eighteen hundred and sixty one ; 
 said furloughs to be granted at such times and in such numbers as the 
 Secretary of War may deem most compatible Avith the public interest: 
 And provided further, That in lieu of a furlough, the commutation 
 value in money of the transportation herein above granted, shall be 
 paid to each private, musician or non-commissioned officer who may 
 elect to receive it, at such time as the furlough would otherwise be 
 granted : Provided further. That all persons under the age of eighteen 
 years or over the age of thirty-five years, who are now enrolled in the 
 military service of the Confederate States, in the regiments, squad- 
 rons, battalions and cdmpanies hereafter to be reorganized, shall be 
 required to remain in their respective companies, squadrons, battalions 
 and regiments for ninety days, unless their places can be sooner sup- 
 plied by other recruits not now in the service, who are between the 
 ages of eighteen and thirty-five years : and all laws and parts of laws 
 providing for the re-enlistment of volunteers and the organization 
 thereof into companies, squadrons, battalions or regiments, shall be 
 and the same are hereby repealed. 
 
 Sec. 2. Be it further enacted. That such companies, squadrons, bat- 
 talions or regiments organized, or in process of organization by 
 authority from the Secretary of War, as may be within thirty days 
 from the passage of this act, so far completed as to have the whole 
 number of men requisite for organization actually enrolled, not cra- 
 Tsracing in said organization any persons now in service, shall be 
 mustered into the service of the Confederate States as part of the 
 land forces of the same; to be received in that arm of the service in 
 which they are authorized to organize; and shall elect their company, 
 battalion and regimental officers. 
 
 Sec. 3. Be it further enacted, That for tlie enrollment of all persons 
 ■comprehended within the provisions of this act, who arc not ah-eady 
 in service in the armies of the Confederate States, it shall be lawful 
 for the President, with the consent of the governors of the respective 
 States, to employ State officers; and on failure to obtain such consent, 
 he shall employ Confederate officers, charged with the duty of making 
 Buch enrollment in accordance with rules and regulations to be pres- 
 cribed by him. 
 
 Sec. 4. Be it further enacted. That persons enrolled under the pro- 
 
25 
 
 visions of the preceding section, shall be assigned by the Secretary of 
 War to the diflerent companies now in service, until each company is 
 filled to its maximum number, and the persons so enrolled shall be 
 assigned to companies from th-e States from -which they respectively 
 come. 
 
 Sec. 5. Be it further enacted. That all seamen and ordinary seamen 
 in the land forces of the Confederate States, enrolled under the pro- 
 visions of tliis act, may, on application of the Secretary of the Navy, 
 be transferred from the land forces to the naval service. 
 
 Sec, 6. Be it further enacted, That in all cases where a State may 
 not have in the army a number of regiments, battalions, squadrons or 
 companies sufficient to absorb the number of persons subject to mili- 
 tary service under this act, belonging to such State, then the residue 
 or excess thereof shall be kept as a reserve, under such regulations as 
 may be established by the Secretary of War, and that at stated periods 
 of not greater than three months, details, determined by lot, shall be 
 made from said reserve, so that each company shall, as nearly as 
 practicable, be kept full : Provided, That the persons held in reserve 
 may remain at home until called into service by the President : Pro- 
 vided also, That during their stay at home, they shall not receive pay : 
 Provided further. That the persons comprehended in this act shall not 
 be subject to the Rules and Articles of War until mustered into the 
 actual service of the Confederate States ; except that said persons, 
 when enrolled and liable to duty, if they shall wilfully refuse to obey 
 said call, each of them shall be held to be a deserter, and punished as 
 such, under said articles : Provided further. That whenever, in the 
 opinion of the President, the exigencies of the public service may 
 require it, he shall be authorized to call into actual service the entire 
 reserve, or so much as may be necessary, not previously assigned to 
 different companies in service under provision of section four of this 
 act. Said reserve shall be organized under such rules as the Secre- 
 tary of War may adopt : Provided, The company, battalion and regi- 
 mental officers shall be elected by the troops composing the same : 
 Provided, The troops raised in any one State shall not be combined in 
 regimental, battalion, squadron or company organization with troops 
 raised in any other States, 
 
 Sf.c, 7. Be it further enacted, That all soldiers now serving in the 
 army or mustered in the military service of the Confederate States, or 
 enrolled in said service under the authorizations heretofore issued by 
 the Secretary of War, and who are continued in the service by virtue 
 of this act, who have not received the bounty of fifty dollars allowed 
 by existing laws, shall be entitled to receive said bounty. 
 
 Sec 8, Be it further enacted, That each man who may hereafter bo 
 mustered into the service, and who shall arm himself with a musket, 
 shot-gun, rifle or carbine, accepted as an efficient weapon, shall be paid 
 the value thereof, to be ascertained by the mustering officer, under such 
 regulations as may be prescribed by the Secretary of War, if he is 
 willing to sell the same; and if he is not, then he shall be entitled to 
 receive one dollar a month for the use of said received and approved 
 musket, rifle, shot-gun or carbine. 
 
26 
 
 Sec. 9. Be it further enacted, That persons not liable for duty may 
 be received as substitutes for those who are, under such regulations 
 as may be prescribed by the Secretary of War. 
 
 Sec, 10. Be it further enacted. That all vacancies shall be filled by 
 the President from the company, battalion, squadron or regiment in 
 Avhich such vacancies shall occur, by promotion according to seniority, 
 except in cases of disability or other incompetency : pi-ovided, however, 
 that the I'resident may, -when in his opinion it may be proper, fill such 
 vacancy or vacancies by the promotion of any officer or officers, or 
 private or privates from such company, battalion, squadron or regi- 
 ment who shall have been distinguished in the service by exhibition 
 of valor and skill, and that whenever a vacancy shall occur in the 
 lowest grade of the commissioned officers of a company, said vacancy 
 shall be filled by election : provided, that all appointments made by the 
 President shall be by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. 
 
 Sec. II. Be it further eyiacled, That the provisions of the first section 
 of this act relating to the election of officers, shall apply to those reg- 
 iments, battalions, and squadrons which are composed of twelve months 
 and war companies combined in the same organization, without regard 
 to the manner in v.hich the officers thereof were originally appointed. 
 
 Sec. 12. Be it further enacted, That each company of infantry shall 
 consist of one hundred and twenty-five, rank and file ; each company 
 of field artillery of one hundred and fifty, rank and file ; and each 
 of cavalry, of eighty, rank and file. 
 
 Sec. <3. Be it further enacted. That all persons subject to enroll- 
 ment, who are not now in the service, under the provisions of this 
 act, shall be permitted, previous to such enrollment, to volunteer in 
 companies now in the service. [Approved April 16th, 1862.] 
 
 II. Enrollment and Disposition of Recruits. 
 
 1. An officer not below the rank of Major, will be detailed for each 
 State, to take charge of the enrollment, mustering in, subsistence, 
 transportation and disposition of the Recruits raised under the above 
 act. 
 
 2. Application Avill be made immediately to the Governors of the 
 several States, for permission to employ State officers for said enroll- 
 ment ; and in case such ])ermission be not granted, officers of the army 
 will be selected by the Department to perform that duty, under such 
 regulations as may be prescribed. Where State officers are employed, 
 the regulations of the respective States in regard to military enroll- 
 ment, will be observed as far as applicable. 
 
 3. The enrolled men in each State will be collected in camps of in- 
 struction, by the officers in command of tlie Recruits, the said camps 
 to be selected with reference to health, and the facilities for obtaining 
 subsistence and transportation. The number of these camps shall not 
 exceed two in each State, without authority from the Department; and 
 to each will be allowed a Quartermaster and a Commissary. 
 
 4. The commandants of the camps of instruction in the several 
 States will call upon the Generals commanding the military depart- 
 
27 
 
 ments in which their camps may be situated, for competent drill officers 
 to instruct the recruits, and will prepare them for the field as rapidly 
 as possible. They will cause them to be promptly vaccinated; and in 
 ordering them to the field, will, as far as practicable, prefer those who 
 have passed through the usual camp diseases. They will establish 
 hospitals in connection with their camps, and make requisition for such 
 medical attendance and stores as may be required. 
 
 5. The commandants of regiments, battalions, squadrons and unat- 
 tached companies in service on the 16th instant, will send copies of 
 their muster rolls to the commandant of the proper camp of instruction 
 in their respective States, with officers to take charge of such recruits 
 as may be furnished to said corps. The said commandants will appor- 
 tion the recruits among such corps, in proportion to the deficiency of 
 each, except when otherwise specially directed by the Department, 
 allotting as far as practicable to each such corps the men fiom the 
 regions of country in which it has been raised. They will from time 
 to time send off such bodies of recruits as are ready for the field, and 
 will report on the first Monday of every month to the Department, the 
 number of recruits in camp, their condition, the number sent oil" during 
 the month, and the regiments and corps to which they were sent. 
 
 6. The commandants of regiments and corps will distribute the re- 
 cruits among their several companies; and in such as have not -the 
 number of companies allowed by law to a regiment, the said command- 
 ants may organize tho required number of new companies, after first 
 filling up the existing companies to the minimum numbers required by 
 law ; that is to say, for each company of infantry, G4 privates ; of 
 cavalry, 60 privates; of artillery, 70 privates. 
 
 7. The recruits will be apportioned among the several arms of ser- 
 vice, according to their respective wants, consulting as far as practica- 
 ble, the preference of the men. Where a greater number offer for a 
 particular arm than can be assigned to it, the distribution will be 
 determined by lot ; but recruits for the cavalry will only be taken from 
 those who furnish their own horses. 
 
 III. Volunteers for Existing Corps. 
 
 8. Persons liable to military service under the above act, not in 
 service on the 16th of April, and wishing to volunteer in any partic- 
 ular company in tne Confederate service on the 16th day of April, 
 may report tberaselves prior to their enrollment, at a camp of instruc- 
 tion within their respective States, where they will be enrolled, pre- 
 pared for the field, and sent to the said company, until the s me shall 
 be filled up. 
 
 9. Recruiting officers may be detailed, with the permission of the 
 Generals commanding military departments, by the commandants of 
 regiments and corps, and sent to their respective States ff»r the purpose 
 of receiving for such'regiments and corps, in conformity Avith recruiting 
 regulations heretofore adopted (<ieneral Orders, No. 6), all volunteers 
 desiring to join them. Such volunteers may be assembled at the camps 
 of instruction in their respective States, prepared for the field, and sent 
 
28 
 
 to their respective regiments and corps, until the same shall be filled 
 up ; or, if ready for the field, may be ordered directly to their corps 
 by the officer so recruiting them. 
 
 IV. — Volunteer Coups heretofoue authorizep. 
 
 10. Persons liable to military service under this act, and not in ser- 
 vice on the IGth day of April, may, until the I7th day of May next, 
 volunteer in corps heretofore authorized to be raised by the Secretary 
 of War, or by the Executive of any State, as part of the quota there- 
 of, in pursuance of a call made upon such State by the President. 
 Persons authorized to raise such corps, Avho may not on that day have 
 the necessnry number of men enrolled and mustered into service, ac- 
 cording to the terms of their authority, -will proceed with their men to 
 a camp of instruction in their respective States, and will deliver their 
 muster rolls to the commandant thereof. 
 
 11. The commandants of such corps as are completed on or before 
 the 17th day of May, and not otherwise ordered, will report to the 
 commandants of the recruits of their respective States, and with their 
 corps Avill be placed by him in a camp of instruction, and reported 
 immediately to the Department. Such corps will be under the com- 
 maftd of the commandants of recruits in their respective States, and 
 will be prepared for the field in like manner with the recruits, until 
 removed from the camp. They will only be moved under orders from 
 the Department, from the Commanding General of the army, or in 
 urgent cases, from the Commanding General of the military depart- 
 ment in which the camps may be situated ; and in such cases, report 
 will immediately be made to the Department by the officer in command 
 of the camp. 
 
 V. — Additional Corps. Guerilla Service. 
 
 12. Under the prohibition of this act against the organization of 
 new corps, no further authority for that purpose can be given, except 
 that specially provided for in the act of Congress, entitled " an act to 
 organize bands of Partizan Rangers." For this latter purpose, ap- 
 plications must be made through the Commanding Generals of the 
 military departments in which the said corps arc to be employed. 
 
 VI. — Reorganization of Twelve Months Corps. 
 
 13. All regiments, battalions, squadrons and companies of 12 
 months volunteers Avill reorganize within 10 days from the 16th of 
 April, by electing all their officers which they had a right heretofore 
 to elect, and on such days as the brigade commander may prescribe ; 
 and the said brigade commanders are hereby ordered to fix and an- 
 nounce the day for such reorganization as soon as practicable. No 
 person Avho is to be discharged under the provisions of the act, will 
 take part in such election. 
 
29 
 
 14. The form of holding and certifying the elecdons Avill be in con- 
 formity with the laAvs of the State from which the men, or the major 
 part thereof, may come; and when the election of field officers is tohe 
 made by company officers, the latter will be first elected. All certifi- 
 cates of election will be returned to the Adjutant General's office, and 
 the officers will be commissioned by the President. They will, how- 
 ever, on receiving a copy of the certificate of election, immediately 
 enter upon duty. Officers not re-elected will be relieved from duty, 
 and the brigade commander will return their names to the Depart- 
 ment. 
 
 VII. — Corps raisf.d for Local Defence. 
 
 15. Corps raised for local defence will retain their organization 
 during the term of such enlistment, unless previously disbanded ; but 
 members of such corps may volunteer into corps for general service, 
 as herein above provided. 
 
 VIII. — Discharges. 
 
 16. When any company now in service for 12 months shall, before 
 the 16th diay of July next, attain the maximum numbers prescribed 
 by this act, without including the men under 18 and over 35 years of 
 age, all such men may be discharged, and such of them as remain in 
 service on the said day Avill, upon their application, be then discharged, 
 whether such maximum be attained or not. 
 
 •^ IX. — Transfers. 
 
 17. The right to change company or corps in virtue of re-enlist- 
 ment, ceases to exist by the repeal of all laws in regard to re-enlist- 
 ment ; but transfers of individuals or of companies may be made, aa 
 heretofore, within the discretion of the Department, on applications 
 approved by commanding officers. 
 
 X.— 'Substitutes. 
 
 18. When any person liable to military duty under this act, but not 
 yet mustered into service in any company, desires to furnish a substi- 
 tute, he sliall report himself with the substitute to tbe commandant of 
 a camp of instruction; and if the substitute be lawfull}'^ exempt from 
 military duty, and on examination by a Surgeon or Assistant Surgeon, 
 be pronounced sound and in all respects fit for military service, he 
 may be accepted and enrolled ; and the person furnishing such pubsti- 
 tute may be discharged by the commandant of the camp. But no 
 substitute shall be entitled to trant^portation or other allowance at the 
 expense of the Government, until so accepted and enrolled. 
 
30 
 
 XI. — Exemptions. 
 
 19. rcrsons clainiing exemption from military duty under this act, 
 shall be required by the enrolling officer to make oath that they are 
 lawfully exempt, and shall be furnished by him Avith a certificate of 
 such exemption. 
 
 By command of the Secretary of War. 
 
 S. COOPER, 
 Adjutant and Inspector General. 
 
 I 
 
 i^ 
 
WAR DErARTMENT, 
 Adjutant and Inspector General's Office, 
 Ridimond, May 26, 18G2. 
 
 GENERAL ORDERS, ) 
 No. 39. S 
 
 I. The second paragraph of General Orders, No. 36, is hereby re- 
 voked, and the following substituted therefor : When an officer elected 
 or promoted in the provisional army by reason of seniority, is by law 
 to be commissioned by the President, and there is reasonable ground 
 to doubt his qualification or fitness for the commission, his brigade 
 commander, if there be one, or if not, then his division commander will 
 assemble a board of not less than three commissioned officers of equal 
 or superior rank to the officer elected or promoted, who shall enquire 
 into his qualifications and fitness for the commission, and shall report 
 to this office, for the information of the War Department, tbe facts of 
 the case, and their own opinion of the qualification and fitness of the 
 officer. This order will apply to all persons not yet commissioned or 
 recognized as in commission by the Department. 
 
 II. The limits of Department No. 1, under command of Major Gen- 
 eral Lovcll, will hereafter embrace that portion of the State of Mis- 
 sissippi south of the 33d parallel and west of Pascagoula and Chicka- 
 sawha rivers, including also tliat part of the State of Louisiana east 
 of the Mississippi river. 
 
 III. Department No. 2, under command of General Beauregard, is 
 extended south to the 33d parallel east of the Tennessee river, and 
 extending on that parallel to the eastern boundary of Alabama 
 
 IV. The boundary of the Trans-Mississippi Department will em- 
 brace the States of Missouri and Arkansas, including the Indian 
 Territory, the State of Louisiana west of the Mississippi, and the 
 State of Texas. 
 
 V. Frequent complaints having been made of injury to fencing and 
 to the grounds on or near which troops have encamped, attention is 
 called to the 983d paragraph of the Army Regulations, which requires 
 the Commanding Officer and Quarter Master to make an inspection of 
 buildings occupied as barracks, quarters, or lands occupied for encamp- 
 ments, when they are vacated, and a report to l)e made to the Quarter 
 Master General of their condition, and of any injury to them by the 
 use of the troops. 
 
 This regulation will be strictly enforced; and in case of injury not 
 reported by the Commanding Officer and Quarter Master, they will be 
 charged on their pay account of the troops with the damage done. If 
 report be made, it must specify by whom the injury was inflicted, and 
 the deduction, in such case, will be made from the pay of the offend- 
 ing party. 
 
YI. Hereafter Brigadier Generals will have timely requisitions 
 made for all blanks issued from this office, in order that they may be 
 forwarded for early distributicn. 
 
 By command of the Secretary of War. 
 
 S. COOPER, 
 Adjutant and In.fpcctor General. 
 
WAR DEPARTMENT, 
 Adjutant and Inspector General's Office, 
 Richmond, April 16, 1862. 
 
 GENERAL ORDERS, 
 No. 24. 
 
 I. All officers assigned to ordnance duty with troops in the field, 
 will be reported to the Adjutant and Inspector General of the Army, 
 and will report by letter to the Chief of the Ordnance Bureau in 
 Richmond. 
 
 II. Every General in command of an Army Corps will, if no officer 
 is assigned to his Army for the purpose, designate an officer for ord- 
 nance duty, as *' Chief of Ordnance" of that Army, Avho shall, while 
 on such duty, if of inferior grade in the Confederate Army, be en- 
 titled to the rank and pay of a Major of Artillei-y. 
 
 III. Every Major General in command of a division, or Brigadier 
 General, whose brigade constitutes a separate command, willy under 
 like circumstances, designate an officer for ordnance duty, as *' Divi- 
 sion Ordnance Officer" (or "Brigade Ordnance Officer," if the brig- 
 ade constitutes a separate command,) who shall, if a subaltern in the 
 Confederate Army, have the rank and pay of a Captain of Artillery. 
 
 IV. Officers so appointed shall be selected on account of fitness for 
 ordnance duties, and shall be considered as attached to the Ordnance 
 Bureau, and will not be changed, except by authority obtained from 
 the Head Quarters of the Army, through the Chief of the Bureau of 
 Ordnance. 
 
 V. Every commanding officer of a Regiment will select from the 
 non-commissioned officers of the Regiment the one best qualified for 
 the duty of Ordnance Sergeant, and will appoint him Acting Ordnance 
 Sergeant. Such non-commissioned officer Avill have charge of aJl the 
 surplus Ordnance Stores of the Regiment, and will make returns of the 
 same to the Ordnance Bureau. The arms and accoutrements of the 
 sick and disabled of the Regiment will be turned over to and be ac- 
 count :d for by him. He will exercise supervision over the arms and 
 ammunition in the hands of the men, and report any waste or damage 
 to the Division Ordnance officer, through the Colonel of the Regiment. 
 All such appointments will be reported through the General Head 
 Quarters, to the Chief of the Ordnance Bureau. 
 
 VI. The "Chief of Ordnance" of an Army, will require reports 
 monthly, or oftcncr, from " Division Ordnance Officers," and will bo 
 responsible for the supply of Ordnance and Ordnance Stores with the 
 Army to which he is attached. 
 
 VII. The Division Ordnance Officers will make reports monthly, or 
 oftener, if required, to the "Chief of Otdnance " of the Army to 
 
 3 
 
34 
 
 which the division belongs. They -will be responsible for all Ordnance 
 Stores -^Nith the division — not in the hands of the troops — and make 
 returns thereof to the Bureau of Ordnance. 
 
 VIII. Chiefs of Ordnance of Armies and all Ordnance Officers in 
 the field are attached to the staffs of their respective commands, but 
 Tvill nevertheless conform to such orders and instructions received 
 from the Chief of the Bureau of C)rdnance in relation to the execu- 
 tion of their appropriate duties as do not interfere with the orders of 
 the commanding officers in the field. 
 
 IX. It is especially enjoined on all Officers of Ordnance to prevent 
 waste of small arms and field ammunition in the hands of troops, and 
 to cause unserviceable ammunition to be sent off to the nearest Ord- 
 nance Depot. Arms, accoutrements and equipments which cannot be 
 repaired in the field, will in like manner be forwarded for immediate 
 repairs. 
 
 X. Ordnance Officers serving on the staff of Generals commanding, 
 will not enter into contracts for, or purchase Ordnance Supplies, ex- 
 cept in case of necessity, on the authority of the General; which 
 must be attached to the contract, or account for such purchase. The 
 exigency requiring the contract or purchase, wnll also be stated therein. 
 
 By command of the Secretary of War. 
 
 S. COOPER, 
 Adjutant and Inspector General. 
 
WAR DEPARTMENT, 
 
 Adjutant and Inspector General's Office, 
 Richmond, July 1, 1862. 
 
 GENERAL ORDERS, ) 
 
 No. 46. S 
 
 I. The following Regulations are published for the information of 
 the Army: 
 
 1, Paragraph III, General Orders No. 24, current series, is so 
 modified as to permit the appointment of Brigade Ordnance Oflicers, 
 vrho shall have the rank and pay of First Lieutenants of Artillery. 
 
 2, Brigade Ordnance Officers so appointed will be subject to the Di- 
 vision Ordnance Officers, so far as relates to ordnance duties, and will 
 make requisitions on them. They will also make such reports as may 
 be required, to the Division Ordnance Officers. 
 
 3. Ordnance Sergeants of Regiments will be subject to, and make 
 reports to the Brigade Ordnance Officers. 
 
 4. Since the Act of April 19, 1862, providing an Ordnance Sergeant 
 to each Regiment, the acting appointees, authorized under General 
 Orders No. 24, current scries, and made by Colonels of Regiments, 
 will be reported for appointment under the above act, in cases where 
 such report has not been made to the Ordnance Bureau. Hereafter 
 the appointments will be made to Regiments as to Military Posts, by 
 the Secretary of War, and upon 'the recommendation of Colonels of 
 Regiments, through the Ordnance Bureau, the non-commissioned offi- 
 cers recommended being at once placed upon duty in anticipation of 
 the appointment. 
 
 II. Paragraph IV, Generals Orders No. 44, current series, is hereby 
 rescinded, and the following paragraph is substituted in lieu thereof: 
 
 Persons under 18 and over 35 years of age, who have re-eulistcd 
 for three years or the war, are not entitled to their discharge under 
 the Conscript Act, Persons of the ages above mentioned, who en- 
 listed for twelve months, or for a shorter term, will be entitled to their 
 discharge ninety days after the expiration of their term of service. 
 
 III. All Chaplains taken prisoners of war by the Armies of the 
 Confederate States, while engaged in the discharge of their proper 
 duties, will be immediately and unconditionally released. 
 
 By command of the Secretary of War. 
 
 S. COOPER. 
 Adjutant and Inspector Gcjieral. 
 
WAR DEPARTMENT, 
 Adjutant and Inspector General's Office, 
 Richmond, May 31, 1862. 
 
 GENERAL ORDERS, 
 
 No. 41. 
 
 I. General officers and officers in command of departments, districts 
 and separate posts, will make a detail of men from their commands to 
 work the Nitre Caves, -Rhich may be situated -Nvithin the limits of their 
 respective commands. These details will be made on the requisition 
 of the officer in charge of the Nitre Bureau in the War Department. 
 The men thus detailed will be organized temporarily under the com- 
 mand of the Nitre officer in charge of the particular cave, who will 
 make monthly reports to the general or other officer commanding the 
 department, district or post in which the cave may be located, in order 
 that such commanding officer may treat as deserters such of the detailed 
 men as may leave the works without permission. And it is enjoined 
 upon Generals and other commanding officers to give protection, as 
 far as possible, and to the extent of their means, against any encroach- 
 ments of the enemy upon the Nitre Caves within the limits of their 
 commands. 
 
 II. All persons in the employment of the Nitre Bureau, whether 
 contractors for manufacturing saltpetre, or laborers in their employ- 
 ment, are exempt by law from enrollment. 
 
 III. Officers of the Quartermaster and Commissary Departments will 
 furnish the officers and men of the Nitre Bureau with provision and 
 forage as in the case of ordnance officers and men in the field. 
 
 IV. Officers of the Nitre Bureau are authorized to impress free 
 negroes for the purpose of working the Nitre Caves, who will be paid 
 wages and be furnished with subsistence. 
 
 V. Paragraph No. 161, General Regulations of the Army, relating 
 to Discharges in Hospital, is so far modified as to dispense with the 
 necessity of sending certificates of disability in the case of soldiers 
 sick in the hospitals in Richmond, to the commandants of regiments, 
 where communication witli them is difficult and the cases urgent. In 
 all such cases, the certificates will be sent to ]kigadier-General John 
 H. Winder, commanding the Department of Henrico, who will grant 
 the Discharge, and notify the same to the Regimental Commander, 
 who will cause the final statements in each case of discharge to be made 
 out and sent to the officer granting the discharge, for the benefit of 
 the discharged soldier. 
 
 VI. The following is published for the information of all concerned : 
 The act No. 52, approved March 6, 1861, section 19, provides, 
 
 " that there shall be allowed, in addition to the pay herein before pro- 
 vided, to every commissioned officer, except the Surgeon General, nine 
 
37 
 
 dollars per month for every five years' service ; and to the officers of 
 the army of the United States, who have resigned, or may resign, to 
 be received into the service of the Confederate States, this additional 
 pay shall be allowed from the date of their entrance into the former 
 service." 
 
 The foregoing act applies to all officers of the United States army, 
 who have resigned from that army, to be received into the service of 
 the Confederate States, Avhethcr in the regular or provisional army. 
 By command of tlie Secretary of War. 
 
 S. COOPER, 
 Adjutant and Inspector General, 
 
WAR DEPARTMENT, 
 Adjutant and Inspector General's Office, 
 Richmond, May 29, 1862. 
 
 GENERAL ORDERS, 
 
 No. 40. 
 
 I. The following Act of Congress and Regulations in reference 
 thereto, are published for the information of the Army, viz : 
 
 An Act to organize a Signal Corps. 
 
 Sec. 1 . The Congress of the Confederate States of America do enact, 
 That the President be and is hereby authorized, by and -with the ad- 
 vice and consent of the Senate, to appoint ten officers in the Provi- 
 sional Army, of a grade not exceeding that of Captains, and -syith the 
 pay of corresponding grades of infantry, who shall perform the duties 
 of signal officers of the army. And the President is hereby author- 
 ized to appoint ten Sergeants of Infantry in the Provisional Army, 
 and to assign them to duty as Signal Sergeants. The signal corps 
 above authorized may be organized as a separate corps, or may be at- 
 tached to the department of the Adjutant and Inspector General, or 
 to the Engineer Corps, as the Secretary of War shall direct. 
 
 [Approved April 19, 1862.] 
 
 II. The Signal Corps authorized by this act will be attached to the 
 Adjutant and Inspector General's department; and officers of that de- 
 partment may be instructed in and assigned to signal duty. 
 
 III. A signal officer will be attached to the staff of each General 
 or Major General in command of a corps, and of each Major General 
 in command of a division. These signal officers will each be assisted 
 by as many Signal Sergeants, and instructed non-commissioned officers 
 and privates, selected from the ranks for their intelligence and relia- 
 bility, as circumstances may require ; and as many Lance Sergeants 
 as are required may be appointed. Such non-commissioned officers 
 and privates may be detailed for this duty by the Generals in whose 
 command tliey are serving. Before being instructed, they will each 
 be required by the signal officer to take an oath not to divulge, directly 
 or indirectly, the system of signals, the alphabet, or any official mes- 
 sage sent or received thereby. Non-commissioned officers, while on 
 signal duty, and privates on this duty, will receive 40 cents per day 
 extra pay. 
 
 IV. Commissioned officers of the Signal Corps, or officers serving 
 on signal duty, will be entitled to the forage and allowance of officers 
 of similar rank in the cavalry. Non-commissioned officers and pri- 
 
39 
 
 vates on signal duty will be mounted by the Quartermaster, on the 
 order of the Commanding General. 
 
 y. Requisitions for flags, torches, glasses, and all the material re- 
 quired, will be made on the Quartermaster's department, or they may 
 be purchased by the Quartermaster of any division, on the order of 
 the Major General commanding. 
 
 VI. On the order of the General commanding a corps, other oflBcers, 
 non-commissioned officers or privates than those regularly on signal 
 duty, may be instructed in the system of signals, after having taken 
 the oath prescribed above. Wherever it is practicable, it is specially 
 recommended to all general officers to have their Assistant Adjutant 
 Generals and Aid de Camps instructed. 
 
 VII. Whatever is prescribed herein for a division, or for a Major 
 General, will be observed in the case of each brigade which constitutes 
 a separate command. 
 
 VIII. All officers and non-commissioned officers accepting appoint- 
 ments to the Signal Corps, will forward with their acceptances the 
 oath prescribed above, sworn to before a magistrate, notary public, or 
 commissioned officer of the corps. 
 
 IX. Qiiarterly returns of signal property will be made by all of- 
 ficers having it in charge, to the Quartermaster's department, and the 
 senior signal officer of each separate army in the field will report 
 quarterly. ^to the Adjutant and Inspector General the number and or- 
 ganization of the Signal Corps of the Army, and its general opera- 
 tions during the previous quarter. 
 
 X. It will be the duty of the signal officer of every division in the 
 field to instruct the Adjutant of each regiment in the division in the 
 system of signals in use in the army. 
 
 By command of the Secretary of War. 
 
 S. COOPER, 
 Adjutant and Inspector General. 
 
POSTOFFICE DEPARTMENT, 
 
 Richmond, August 18, 1862. 
 
 Sir : At the opening of the List session of Congress, I made a very 
 full report of the operations of the Postoffice Department, The short 
 time A^hich has elapsed since the making of that report does not fur- 
 nish data on Avhich an extended report need now be made. I shall, 
 therefore, limit this report to such matters as have since arisen, and 
 upon which information may be desired. 
 
 The surrender of New Orleans and Memphis, and the occupation of 
 the Mississippi River by the Federal forces, have very seriously inter- 
 rupted the regularity and usefulness of the mails along that river, and 
 in the States of Arkansas, Louisiana and Texas ; and this, with the 
 occupation by the Federal forces of the greater portion of the State of 
 Tennessee, and other localities, must have greatly reduced the reve- 
 nues of the Department— though sufficient time has not elapsed to 
 enable the auditor to receive the returns and report the amount of 
 decrease of revenue growing out of these causes. 
 
 After the fall of New Orleans, and before the Mississippi River 
 was occupied at and below Memphis, anticipating the embarrassments 
 likely to arise from the occupation of that river by the enemy, I pre- 
 pared and forwarded full and detailed instructions to D. P. Blair, 
 Hugh Francis and J. E. Talbot, special agents of this Department, 
 requiring them, in case the river should be so occupied, to ascertain 
 the best routes and means of conveying the mails across the river and 
 swamps, and empowered them to employ messengers to carry the mails 
 by any routes and by any modes of conveyance which could be made 
 available. And they were instructed to devote their personal atten- 
 tion to these duties. Special Agent Blair has performed his duties 
 with great activity and efficiency. 
 
 The overflow of the railroads leading westward from Memphis and 
 Vicksburg, which were the great arteries through which the mails for 
 Arkansas and Northern Louisiana, and a large portion of Texas are 
 supplied, had produced serious delays and difficulties in the way of a 
 regular transmission of the mails prior to the occupation of those 
 points by the enemy. The river bottoms remained overflowed for some 
 time subsequent to the occupation of the main points upon the river, 
 and aided in rendering the postal communication slow and uncertain. 
 
 The postal communication across the Mississippi River is somewhat 
 improved and more reliable ; though it cannot become satisfactory until 
 we regain control of that river. 
 
 New lines of communication have been established across the 
 swampy and sparsely settled country bordering on the Mississippi, 
 through which even the minor local mails have not heretofore been 
 carried, (the offices having been supplied chiefly by the river route 
 from New Orleans ;) and the condition of the new routes and unccr- 
 
tainty of securing a safe passage across the river, have added greatly 
 to the difficulties which the Department is required to. overcome. 
 
 The proposals for contracts for mail service in Arkansas, Texas and 
 Louisiana (together with other States) for four years from the first of 
 July last, were required by the terms of the advertisement, to be 
 decided by the 31st May, 1862; and anticipating difficulty in giving 
 to the successful bidders timely notice t)f the acceptance of their pro- 
 posals, I retained in this eity a special agent of the Department, for 
 the purpose of sending the notices of acceptance across the Missis- 
 sippi river by him, to be mailed at the nearest office on the other side. 
 The difficulties before referred to prevented the receipt of the notices, 
 in numerous cases, in time to enable the new contractors to stock the 
 routes and begin service on the 1st July. This delay produced some 
 confusion in the mail service, which was partially overcome by post- 
 masters obtaining, temporarily, the services of the old contractors. 
 
 In addition to the States above named, proposals for ncAV service 
 were received from the States of Mississippi, Alabama and Tennessee, 
 for the contract term of four years ; and it is found that the cost of 
 the service in all of these States, has been greatly increased, by the 
 causes suggested in my last report as likely to produce such a result. 
 
 The act approved April 19th, 1862, establishing a uniform rate of 
 postage often cents on single letters, and the act approved April 2 1st, 
 reducing the amount of commission allowed to postmasters, have not 
 been in operation long enough to enable me to determine their eflfect 
 upon the revenues of the Department. 
 
 The receipts and expenditures of the Postoffice Department, for the 
 three quarters for which the accounts have been made up in the Audi- 
 tor's office and for the fractional part of a quarter, embracing the 
 month of June, 1861, are as follows: 
 
 For the quarter which ended September 30th, 1861, embracing the 
 preceding month of June, 
 
 The expenditures were, - - - 668,727 34 
 
 Receipts, - - - 414,163 64 
 
 Excess of expenditures, - - $25 4,563 70 
 
 For the quarter Avhich ended December 31st, 1861, 
 
 The expenditures were, - - 721,430 29 
 
 Receipts, . . - - 491,163 64 
 
 Excess of expenditures, - - $230,266 65 
 For the quarter which ended March 31st, 1862, 
 
 The expenditures were, - - 674,218 77 
 
 Receipts, - - - 418,802 52 
 
 Excess of expenditures, - - $255,416 25 
 
 The aggregate expenditures for the ten months, 
 
 which ended 31st March, 1862, were - 2,064,376 40 
 
 Aggregate receipts, - - - 1,324,121 90 
 
 Aggregate excess of expenditures, - $740,254 50 
 
43 
 
 It is to be borne in mind, that the expenditures as shown above, 
 were incurred under the contracts made with the government of the 
 United States, and before the reductions of the cost of service by the 
 reduction and discontinuance of the service made by this Department, 
 had gone into operation. The reductions of the cost of the service 
 by the various means set forth in my last report, will probably show 
 a considerable decrease of expenditure for the quarter which ended 
 June 3()th, 1862. And both the receipts and expenditures of the 
 Department will be materially reduced for that and the succeeding 
 quarters, by the occupation of portions of our territory by the enemy 
 and the interruption of our postal communication across the Missis- 
 sippi river. The increased cost of the service under the new contracts 
 referred to in a previous part of this report, will tend to prevent the 
 Department from becoming self-supporting by the time prescribed by 
 the Constitution. It remains to be seen whether the increase of the 
 rates of postage, the reduction of the commissions heretofore paid to 
 postmasters, and the reduction of the cost of service by the various 
 means mentioned in my last report, will furnish a revenue equal to the 
 current expenditures of the Department. That it would have done 
 80, if we could have held all our territory free from the occupation of 
 the enemy, I have little doubt. 
 
 If the measures already adopted by Congress and by this Depart- 
 ment fail to make its revenues equal to its expenditures, by the time 
 prescribed by the Constitution, a still further reduction of the cost of 
 the service, and consequently of postal facilities, must necessarily 
 follow, unless it be deemed advisable by Congress to inake a still 
 greater increase of the rates of postage. And this latter alternative 
 would be of doubtful policy, unless rendered expedient by the increased 
 amount of currency in circulation and the consequent enhancement of 
 the cost of the service, as of everything else. It may be doubtful, 
 even in view of such a condition of things, whether the revenues of 
 the Department would be increased by an increase of the rates of 
 postage. 
 
 To show the difference between the receipts and expenditures of the 
 postal service, for the first ten months under the Government of the 
 Confederate States and for a like period of time under the Govern- 
 ment of the United States, the following figures are presented : 
 
 The expenditures under the Government of 
 the United States for the ten months which 
 ended June 3()th, 1860, were - - $3,580,205 66 
 
 Expenditures under the Government of the 
 Confederate States for the ten months 
 which ended March 31st, 18G2, - 2,064,376 40 
 
 Showing a reduction in the cost of the ser- 
 vice for that period of - - - 1,515,829 26 
 
 The receipts for that period under the Gov- 
 ernment of the United States were - 1,264,200 47 
 
 Receipts for the same period under the Gov- 
 ernment of the Confederate States, - 1,324,121 90 
 
 Showing an increase of receipts under tho 
 
 Confederate Government of - - 59,921 43 
 
44 
 
 From this it will be seen that the cost of the service has been 
 greatly reduced, and that there has been a small increase of the reve- 
 nues of the Department, 
 
 I renew the suggestions of my last report in favor of the payment 
 of mail contractors for the services performed by them after their 
 several States seceded from the Government of the United States, and 
 before the Government of the Confederate States took control of the 
 service. 
 
 I am, with great respect, 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 
 JOHN H. REAGAN, 
 
 Postmaster General. 
 To THE President. 
 
MESSAGE OF THE PRESIDENT. 
 
 RtcuMOND, Va. Aug. 19, 1862. 
 To the Senate and House of Representatives of the Confederate States : 
 
 I herewith transmit for your information the report of the Secretary 
 of the Treasury and accompanying estimates, to which reference was 
 made in my message of yesterday, and invite your careful attention 
 to the statements and recommendations contained in them. 
 
 JEFFERSON DAVI3. 
 
REPORT OF THE SECRETARY OF THE TREA- 
 SURY- 
 
 TREASURY DEPARTMENT, C. S. A., 
 
 Richmond, August I8th, 1862. 
 Hon. Thomas S. Bocock, 
 
 Speaker of House of Representatives ^ C. S. A. : 
 
 Sir : I have the honor to submit the following report of the condi- 
 tion of this Department, and of the estimates and supplies requisite 
 for the support of the Government, until the 1st of January ensuing : 
 
 The receipts at the Treasury up to 1st August from all the various 
 sources' of income are as follows: 
 
 From Customs, .... $1,437,399 96 
 
 Miscellaneous sources, ... 1,974,769 33 
 
 Loan, act of Feb. 28th, 1861, - . 15,000,000 00 
 
 do " Aug. 19th, 1861, - - 22,613,346 61 
 call Deposits under act of December 24th, 
 
 1861, ..... 37,585,200 00 
 
 Treasury Notes, act March 9th, 1861, - 2,021,100 00 
 
 do do «* May 16th, 1861, - 17,347,955 00 
 
 do do *' Aug. 19th, 1861, . 167,764,615 00 
 
 Int. do do " April 17th, 1861, . 22,799,900 00 
 
 1 &$2do do '* . - - 846,000 00 
 
 Temporary Loan from banks — balance, . 2,625,000 00 
 
 War Tax, .... 10,539,91070 
 
 $302,555,196 60 
 The expenditures at the same date are as follows : 
 
 War Department, .... $298,376,54941 
 Navy Department, .... 14,605,777 86 
 
 Civil and Miscellaneous, ... 15,766,503 43 
 
 $328,748,830 70 
 
 The difference between this sum and the receipts, amounting to 
 $26,193,634 10 is made up of the various balances on the books of 
 the Treasury to the credit of disbursing officers, which arc not yet 
 paid. 
 
 There are, also, outstanding requisitions upon the Treasury, upon 
 which warrants arc not yet issued, as follows : 
 
48 
 
 War Department, .... $18,112,192 15 
 
 Navy do .... 411,936 00 
 
 $18,524,128 15 
 
 This sum must be added to the expenditures paid as above, in order 
 to exhibit the whole expenditures of the Government from its com- 
 mencement to the 1st August, and the aggregate is $347,272,958 85, 
 and for still greater accuracy it should be stated that as about five 
 millions of the amount charged as expenditure has been paid for the 
 redemption of Deposit Certificates, the aggregate above stateil is sub- 
 ject to that abatement, ^rhen considered in the light of actual expenses. 
 
 The Treasury Notes issued to the same date are as follows : 
 
 General currency notes of Five Dollars and over, 180,956,935 
 
 do under Five Dollars, - - 846,000 
 
 Int. bearing at rate 3.65 - - - 1,441,200 
 
 do " 7.30 - - - 22,799,900 
 
 206,044,035 
 
 To pay the balance against the Treasury as above set 
 
 forth, there must be a further issue of - - 26,193,634 
 
 And to pay the outstanding requisitions, as above stated 18,524,128 
 
 250,761,797 
 
 The issue already made of these notes amounts as above 
 
 shown to - - - - - - 183,244,135 
 
 Leaving authority to issue only, _ . . 16,755,865 
 
 200,000,000 
 The differences between the balances- now due by the 
 
 Treasury, .-.--- 44,717,762 
 and the above ------ 16,755,865 
 
 is ..-..- 27,961,897 
 
 Unless this balance can be paid by bonds or 7.30 notes, the authority 
 to issue general currency notes must at once be extended to pay the 
 same ; and that authority must be extended still further to meet the 
 appropriations already made by Congress, and not yet paid, and also 
 the further appropriations yet to be made. 
 
 The appropriations already made by Congress and 
 
 not drawn on 1st August, amount to " S 164,687,389 93 
 
 The estimates submitted by tlic various Departments of the addi- 
 tional supplies required to make good deficiencies and to support the 
 Government to 1st January next, are as follows : 
 
 For the War Department, - - - 44,373,591 36 
 
 *' " Civil list, - . . - 386,607 39 
 
 " " Miscellaneous, - - - 102,899 38 
 
 $44,863,097 13 
 
49 
 
 So that the whole amount of supplies required to 1st 
 
 January presents a total of _ . $ 209,550,437 06 
 
 Congress must now determine the best mode of raising this sum. 
 
 If the bonds or stock of the Government to any considerable extent 
 could be sold, they would unquestionably offer the best mode of raising 
 the money. An examination of our funded debt account will show 
 that only a small portion can be raised in this way. 
 
 The whole amount of bonds and stock issued is as follows :. 
 
 8 per cent, stock and bonds, - - - 41,577,250 
 
 6 " " call certificates, - - - 32^784,400 
 
 74,36 1,G50 
 
 This statement, while in the large anlount of call deposits, it ex- 
 hibits its confidence in the credit of the Government, yet, in the small 
 comparative amount of bonds and stock, it shows ^n indisposition to 
 make investments in that form. We are, therefore, constrained to 
 resort to Treasury Notes as the only mode by which the requisite funds 
 can be raised. This resource has its limits. But it is hoped that with 
 a reasonable economy in making the appropriations, the plans already 
 set in operation will extend those limits, so as to reach to the end of 
 the war. 
 
 The inherent objections which attend a Government currency are 
 that it disturbs the standard of value and enhances prices. The 
 facility with which it is created is a constant temptation to excess ; 
 and the danger of this excess, together with the doubt of an ability to 
 pay, are the chief causes which aifect its credit as a currency. 
 
 Thus far, no want of confidence has been exhibited in our currency. 
 It freely circulates everywhere, and the fact that the barnking institu- 
 tions receive and pay out Treasury Notes in their own business is the 
 most certain indication that their credit is unimpaired. 
 
 The other cause becomes active only when the total amount of cir- 
 culation exceeds the usual business wants of the community. It 
 operates without relation to the actual value of the circulation, so 
 that even coin, if it could be kept in a country, would (if in ex- 
 cess) produce the same result. The eJBfect is a necessary consequence 
 of the relation between the whole circulating me<liura an<l the whole 
 business and property of the community, and can only be modified Isy 
 influences upon the cause. Every means, therefore, which will reduce 
 the quantity of circulation becomes important, and should diligently 
 be sought after. 
 
 It was with this view that Congress adopted two measures of re- 
 lief; one, by which any excess in the quantity of currency might at 
 once be permanently withdrawn and funded in 8 per cent, bonds — the 
 other by which the same effect could be produced for a time, through 
 interest bearing notes and deposits on call. Both plans are working 
 well. The deposits have in fact been a permanent loan at 6 par cent. 
 The interest^ notes, although current to a certain degree, are usually 
 withdrawn from general circulation as soon as a sufficient amount of 
 4 
 
50 
 
 interest has accrued upon them to make tiiem valuable as a temporary 
 investment. It must be observed, however, that if this interest 
 should remain in arrear for a long or indefinite time, these notes en- 
 counter a difficultly which seriously impairs their value, namely, that 
 of an unproductive investment. Thus, being both unproductive and 
 uncurrent. they will not pass into general use unless the interest be 
 paid annually. It will be seen that the issue of these notes already 
 amounts to upwards of twenty-two millions. Much of it has doubt- 
 less been taken under the belief that the interest would be paid like 
 other interert, and I have encouraged this belief by stating that I 
 would recommend to Congress that the interest should be paid annually. 
 I earnestly hope that Congress will approve this recommendation. 
 The payment eould be stamped annually on the note, without encum- 
 bering it with a coupon ; and in this way it is believed the objects in- 
 tended by the issue would be effected. 
 
 I would also recommend that the notes be issued of a less denomi- 
 nation than one hundred dollars. The large amount of money in the 
 hands of private capitalists is the fund which we must induce to be 
 loaned for the uses of the Government. From the War Tax returna 
 and from estimates as to such States as have not yet made complete 
 returns, this fund may be set down at seven hundred millions, and one 
 of the best means for procuring the use of part of it by the Govern- 
 ment seems to be through these notes Avhich answer the double pur- 
 pose of currency and investment. 
 
 I have, also, to report that the acceptance of deposits on call at 6 
 per cent, has operated well. It will be seen that nearly thirty millions 
 have been deposited in this way ; thus proving, at the same time, the 
 confidence of the country in the Government, and the advantages of 
 the plan. 
 
 It will also appear from the statements herewith that there have been 
 issued about $846,000 of. notes under five dollars. These notes are 
 in great demand, and the issue of them may be extended to ten mil- 
 lions. 
 
 The issue of the large amounts and various denominations of notes 
 has confronted us with a difficulty which calls for the intervention of 
 Congress. It requires the services of 129 clerks to perform the vari- 
 ous duties involved in the issue of these notes. Of these about 72 
 are employed in signing ; and it will be readily seen that the chief 
 8(^curity intended by the signing is thus reduced to but little practical 
 value. It is difficult for any one to bear in mind the signatures of so 
 many different writers; but when to this is added the changes required 
 by sickness, absence, and resignations it becomes impossible. 
 
 These embarrassments have been increased by the efforts of our 
 enemies to counterfeit the notes. Organized plans seem to be in 
 operation for introducing counterfeits among us by means of pri- 
 soners and traitors; and printed advertisements have been found, 
 stating that the counterfeit notes, in any quantity, will be forwarded, 
 by mail, from Chesnut street, in Philadelphia, to the order of any 
 purchaser. 
 
51 
 
 Under these circumstances, it will be necessary to chancre many of 
 the plates and to make new issues. The change would be more com- 
 plete by dispensing with the variety of signatures, which are attached 
 to the other notes. I am informed by the engravers that the si<-na. 
 tures of the Register and Treasurer might be engraved in fac simile 
 and printed, and that by stamping an elaborate engraving in colors on 
 the back of the note, the security against counterfeits would be 
 greater than it is at present. The expense of the issue would be 
 diminished by dispensing with the numerous signing clerks and its 
 more prompt execution would be scoured. In order to make this 
 change, the authority of Congress is necessary. The laws against 
 counterfeiting, if not already sufficient, must be made to embrace these 
 notes. In this connection, too, it is proper to bring to the notice of 
 Congress that the penalties of the law, while they apply to any per- 
 son found in possession of counterfeit blank notes, with intent to 
 utter them, do not seem to embrace notes which are complete! v filled 
 up and ready for circulation. 
 
 _ The situation of the country made it advisable to remove the print- 
 ing arid engraving establishments from Richmond, shortly after the 
 last adjournment of Congress. The distance from the seat of govern- 
 ment at which so delicate a business must now be conducted, involves 
 the necessity of greater expense and of greater ability and hi .-her 
 character than those of ordinary clerks, in those who must supeHn- 
 tend. I would, therefore, respectfully suggest that this Department : 
 be made a separate bureau, and that a Chief Clerk, with an appro- 
 priate salary, be charged with the superintendence of its business at , 
 Columbia. 
 
 The War Tax has been paid by the several States as follows- 
 
 North Carolina, - . . l,4()0,00(j ()0 
 
 Virginia, - . . 2,12o,()0() UO 
 
 Louisiana, . . . 2,oOO,0(K) 00 
 
 Alabama, - . . 2,000,000 00 
 
 gf^^g^'-'' - - - 434,126 12: 
 
 Ir^'!^''? - - - 225,374 11 
 
 Mississippi, . . . 1,484,407 67 
 
 $10,168,967.90 
 
 The State of Georgia has substantially paid in the .balance due bv 
 her and the State of South Carolina has paid the whole amount due 
 by her into the Treasury, in the form of six per cent,. c*ll. certificates. 
 15ut as the final settlement has not yet taken pUce, th(v certificates 
 have not as yet been delivered up, and the accouqt is not yet closed 
 The returns from the States of Alabama, Louisiana, Mississippi' 
 Arkansas and Texas, have not yet been rendered in complete. The 
 two former States have, nevertheless, paid their taxes in advance 
 
 I^rora the documents furnished, it appears that the States of North 
 Carolina and Alabama, have overpaid their. , respective assessments, 
 and 1 will ask leave to submit an estimate of the amounts to be rc- 
 tunded them as soon as the complete returns, shall be received 
 
52 
 
 The collection of the War Tax has presented several diflSculties, 
 which it is proper that Congress should have in view, whenever a 
 further tax shall be levied. These difficulties arc presented together 
 in a report from the Chief Clerk of the War Tax Office, a copy of 
 which is herewith respectfully submitted. It is also proper to state, 
 that by a judgment of the District Judge of South Carolina, money 
 invested in State bonds has been excepted from the War Tax. An 
 appeal has been ordered from this judgment, but as no Supreme 
 Court has yet been organized, the effect of the judgment will be, to 
 release from any future tax all moneys invested in this form in South 
 Carolina, or in any other State wherein the District Judge may hold 
 the same opinon. 
 
 Since the last meeting of Congress, I have appointed three new 
 places of deposit for public moneys, one at Galveston, Texas, one at 
 Knoxville, Tennessee, and one at Augusta, Georgia. 
 
 The Assistant Treasurer at New Orleans, has removed his office for 
 the time, to Jackson, Mississippi, and the depositary at Mobile has 
 made a temporary removal to Montgomery, Alabama. 
 
 AH of which is respectfully submitted, 
 
 C. G. MEMMINGER, 
 Secretary of Treasury. 
 
[Copy.] 
 
 TREASURY DEPARTMENT, 
 War Tax Office, August 1st, 1862. 
 
 Hon. C. G. Memminger, 
 
 Secretary of the Treasury. 
 
 Sir : Believing that the continuance of the war, and the exigencies 
 of the country arising therefrom, will impose upon Congress the duty 
 of providing for another war tax, I feel it my duty to present for 
 your consideration some of the views I entertain, which result from 
 my observation of the operations of the act of 19th August, 1861, 
 and to suggest certain amendments which I think should be adopted 
 in the construction of any statute that Congress may enact on this 
 subject. 
 
 It is not intended to dictate to you what you should recommend 
 Congress to do in the premises, but merely to lay my suggestions 
 before you, so that, if you perceive any merit in them, you may adopt 
 such as are approved, and present them at the proper time for the 
 consideration and action of Congress. 
 
 The returns, so far as received from four States, exhibit an ine- 
 quality in the valuation of certain species of property, which is unjust 
 in its effects upon a large portion of tax payers, and which, in any 
 future legislation, I think, should not exist. For instance, in the 
 State of Virginia the average value of slaves, according to the war 
 tax assessments, is $350 64, while the average in some counties goes 
 up to $400, and in others falls below $300. The citizens of the latter 
 counties contribute to the general fund for war purposes one fourth 
 less than those of the former. Such inequality is unjust and bears 
 heavily on that class of citizens who are most willing to bear the 
 burden of taxation, and who consequently place upon their property 
 a liberal valuation. Besides, it is calculated to produce murmurings 
 and discontent among the people. 
 
 In view of these facts, it seems to me that a uniform rule of valua- 
 tion for slave property in each State should be incorporated in any 
 future tax law that may be passed, so that those slaves of like age and 
 sex should have a uniform valuation -fixed by the act itself throughout 
 the whole State. 
 
 It would be difficult to adjust any uniform scale of classification for 
 real estate, which is affected by so many contingencies and incidents 
 arising from position with reference to marts of trade and commerce, 
 navigable waters, railroads, &c., but with slaves it is different. Those 
 of like age and sex usually maintain the same price within the limits of 
 the same State. In connection with this subject I beg leave to make a 
 
54 
 
 quotation from the report of Joseph D. Pope, Esq., Chief Collector of 
 War Tax for the State of South Carolina. He says : " Those per- 
 sons appointed bx the sub- collectors to make the assessment of the 
 property in the ?tatc have, doubtless, endeavored to discharge the 
 duties fairly and impartially, and in many instances have given great 
 satisfaction, but in other instances the work has been imperfectly done. 
 This results not so much from the fault of the assessors as from the 
 difference of opinion that will exist as to the value of property by two 
 persons in the same community. 
 
 It is respectfully submitted, that by putting a valuation upon slaves 
 by law, according to a classihcation as hereinbefore referred to, (that 
 is, to fix a scale of value for all slaves in each State according to age, 
 sex and qualifications,) the assessors may be dispensed with entirely, 
 and the expense of that part of the machinery saved. The sub-col- 
 lector can make his appointments throughout the district and take the 
 returns in the same manner as is now done by the State tax collectors, 
 and he can fix the value of property quite as well as the assessor, and 
 in less time. If a valuation be put upon slaves by law, the only class 
 of property now taxed that would be likely to give rise to a difference 
 of opinion is real estate, and the sub-collector's general knowledge of 
 all lands in his district, with the representations of the owner under 
 oath, aided by the opinion of disinterested persons, would enable him 
 to fix the value for taxable purposes without difficulty. The assessors 
 arrived at their conclusions in the same way in taking the present 
 returns. Large towns and cities may be made an exception, and for 
 them an assessor or assessors may be appointed if necessary." 
 
 In addition to these views of Mr. Pope, it may be further suggested 
 that each county should constitute a tax district, except in the case of 
 very large counties, which may be divided into two, and that large 
 towns and cities may be managed in the same way. 
 
 The sub-collectors' compensation should be a certain per cent, on all 
 sums under ten thousand dollars say, and a diminished per cent, on 
 all over that amount, and under twenty thousand dollars, and so on, 
 regularly diminishing the per centum as the amount increases, so as 
 to make it his interest to collect the last cent due. It may be objected 
 to the proposition to dispense with assessors, that there would be no 
 tribunal to determine appeals from assessments and applications for a 
 reduction of double tax. This tribunal might be supplied by the 
 appointment of a commissioner for each district from ono of the 
 magistrates of the county, binding him by a suitable oath and giving 
 him the usual fees for trying cases. The most serious evil of the 
 present system of assessments i-, the diversity of opinion among so 
 great a number, and the consequent inequality of valuation of the 
 same species of property, and the inequality of taxation resulting 
 therefrom. 
 
 The present law requires each tax payer to deliver a written list of 
 his property. In lieu of this blank printed lists should be supplied to 
 each tax payer by the person receiving the return. 
 
 For reasons heretofore expressed in a communication to you, dated 
 7th April last, I would further suggest that Congress be asked to 
 
S5 
 
 authorize the appointment of a disbursing agent, to be attached to 
 this office, whose duty it shall be, under the supervision of the secre- 
 tary, to examine all war tax accounts and settle the same by his 
 requisition on the Treasury, and to make monthly or quarterly state- 
 ments, as may be deemed most proper, to the first auditor, so that his 
 monthly or quarterly transactions, as the case may be, may be pre- 
 sented in one large account, accompanied by the stated accounts set- 
 tled by him as vouchers. 
 
 All of which is respectfully submitted, 
 (Signed,) T. ALLAN, 
 
 Chief Clerk of War Tax. 
 
TREASURY DEPARTMENT, 
 
 Registers Office, August 4, 1862. 
 
 ESTIMATES OF APPROPRIATIONS required for the support of 
 the government for the month of December, 18G2, and to meet deficien- 
 cies arising prior to ]st December, 1862. 
 
 (?IVIL LIST. 
 
 EXECUTIVE. 
 
 For compcDsation of the President of the Confederate States, 
 
 For compensation of the Vice-President of the Confederate 
 States, -------- 
 
 For compensation of the Private Secretary and Messenger of 
 the President, ------- 
 
 For compensation of Secretary of the Treasury, Assistant 
 Secretary, Comptroller, Auditors, Treasurer and Register, 
 and Clerks, Messengers, &c., in the Treasury Department, 
 
 For incidental and contingent expenses of the Treasury De- 
 partment, ------- 
 
 For compensation of the Secretary of AVar, Chief of Bureau, 
 and Clerks and Messengers in the War Department 
 
 For incidental and contingent expenses of the War Depart- 
 ment, _--_--- 
 
 For compensation of Secretary of Nav}-^, Clerks and Messen- 
 gers, -------- 
 
 P'or incidental and contingent expenses of the Navy Depart- 
 ment, -------- 
 
 For compensation of the Postmaster General, Chiefs of Bu- 
 reaus, and Clerks and Messengers in the Postoflice Depart- 
 ment, - - -•- 
 
 For compensation of the Attorney General, Assistant Attor- 
 ney General and Clerks and Messengers, - - - 
 
 For salary of Superintendent of Public Printing, Clerk and 
 Messenger, - - - - - - 
 
 For incidental and contingent expenses of the Department of 
 Justice, ------- 
 
 For incidental and contingent expenses of the PostofBce De- 
 partment, ------- 
 
 For printing for the several Executive Departments, 
 
 TERRITORIAL. 
 
 For salaries of Governors and Commissioners of Indian Af- 
 fairs, and Secretary, Judges, Attorney and Marshals of 
 Arizona Tcrritorj', ------ '808 71 
 
 For contingent expenses of Arizona Territory, - - 43 00 
 
 Total civil list, $102,899 38 
 
 066 €6 
 
 316 66 
 
 14 75 
 
 53,500 00 
 
 GOO 00 
 
 13,000 00 
 
 5,000 00 
 
 1,825 90 
 
 1,000 00 
 
 7,442 51 
 
 1,002 30 
 
 362 23 
 
 500 00 
 
 1,000 00 
 10,416 66 
 
57 1 
 
 Brought forward, - . - . . $102,899 S8 
 
 MISCELLANEOUS. 
 
 For light and fuel for the Public Buildings, - - - 6,000 00 
 For engraving and printing Treasury Notes, Bonds and Cer- 
 tificates of Stock, and for paper for the same, - - 250,000 00 
 To supply deficiencies in the revenue of the Postoffice Depart- 
 ment, - - - - . - . 130,607 39 
 
 Total miscellaneous, . . . - - $386,607 39 
 
 UNDER THE DIRECTION OF THE WAR DEPARTMENT. 
 
 For pay of officers and privates of the Army, Volunteers and 
 Militia, and for Quartermaster's supplies of all kinds, trans- 
 portation and other necessary expenses, - - - 15,638,049 00 
 
 For support of prisoners of war, and for rent of the necessa- 
 ry prisons, guard-houses, &c., - - - 200,000 00 
 
 For bounty of $50 to each non-commissioned officer, musician 
 
 and private in the service for 3 years or the war; - 3,000,000 00 
 
 For purchase of Subsistence stores and Commissary proper- 
 ty 22,598,041 36 
 
 For the Ordnance service in all its branches, - - - 2,200,000 00 
 
 For the Engineer service, ----- 200,000 00 
 
 For Medical and Hospital supplies, - - . - 400,000 00 
 
 For pay of Nurses and Cooks other than enlisted men or vol- 
 unteers, ---_... 48,000 00 
 
 For services of Physicians to be employed in conjuuction with 
 the Medical Staff of the army, - - - - 30,000 00 
 
 For the establishment and support of Military Hospitals, - 59,500 00 
 
 Total under War Department, - - - - $44,373,590 36 
 
 RECAPITULATION. 
 
 Civil List, ----- 102,899 38 
 
 Miscellaneous, ----- 386,607 39 
 Under direction of War Deparment, - - 44,373,590 36 
 
 Total, - - - . $44,863,097 13 
 
 Included in the foregoing estimates are the fol- 
 lowing for deficiencies arising prior to De- 
 cember 1st, 1862. 
 
 For compensation of Secretary of Treasury, 
 
 Assistant Secretary, &c., Clerks, &c., - 29,500 00 
 
 For incidental and contingent expenses of 
 
 Treasury Department, _ - - 3,000 00 
 
 For engraving and printing Treasury Notes, 
 
 Bonds, &c., and for paper, - - - 185,000 00 
 
 For Subsistence stores and Commissary pro- 
 perty, 15,997,560 II 
 
 Total, - - - - $16,215,060 11 
 
 C. T. JONES, 
 Acting Regitter. 
 
TREASURY DEPARTMENT, 
 Richmond, Va., August 1th, 1862. 
 
 ESTIMATES of Appropriations required for the Treasury Department 
 for the Month of December ^ 1862, including deficiencies arising prior 
 to December \st, 1862. 
 
 The pay per month of all persons connected with the 
 Treasury Department on the 30th of June, 1862, 
 amounted to within a fraction of - - - 24,000 00 
 
 The amount required for the payment of salaries for the 
 six months ending December 31st, 1862, provided 
 there be no increase of the force of the Department, 
 will, therefore, be - - - - - 144,000 00 
 
 Deduct salary of Secretary paid to October 1st, 1862, 1,500 00 
 
 Amount required for the six months, - - 142,500 00 
 
 Balances of appropriations July 1st, 1862, available 
 
 for payment of salaries, _ . - - 89,000 00 
 
 Required to be appropriated, - - - $53,500 00 
 
 The contingent expenses of Ihe Department average per 
 
 month, .--.-. 3,000 00 
 
 There will, therefore, be required for the six months, 18,000 00 
 Balances of appropriations July 1st, 1862, available for 
 
 payment of contingent expenses, - - - 12,000 00 
 
 Required to be appropriated, - - - 6,000 00 
 
 Engravi7ig and Printing Treasury No'.es, Bonds, §'c. 
 
 The only data which the Register's oflSce possesses upon 
 which to base an estimate of the amount required for 
 *' engraving and printing Treasury Notes, Bonds, 
 &c.," are the accounts of persons engaged in furnish- 
 ing the Department with Notes and Bonds, from 
 which it appears that the monthly expenditures for 
 this purpose average, . . _ _ 65,000 00 
 
 There will, therefore, be required for the six months on 
 
 this basis, ------ 390,000 00 
 
 Balance of appropriations July 1st, 1862, available for 
 
 this object, - - - - - 175,000 00 
 
 $215,'000 00 
 
59 
 
 Add, to meet any possible increase in the rate of ex- 
 penditure, ---.._ 35,000 00 
 
 Required to be appropriated, - - . |250,000 00 
 
 C. G. MEMMINGER, 
 
 Secretary of the Treasury. 
 
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA, 
 
 War Department, 
 Richmond, July 19, 1862. 
 Hon. C. G. Memminger, 
 
 Secretary of Treasury : 
 
 Sir : I have the honor to enclose estimates for the month of De- 
 cember from the Chiefs of Bureau of this Department. 
 A^ery respectfully, 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 
 GEO. W. RANDOLPH, 
 
 Secretary of War. 
 
[A Copy.] 
 
 CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA^ 
 
 War Department, 
 Richmond, July 19, 1862. 
 
 Hon. George W. Randolph, 
 
 Secretary of War, 
 
 Richmond, Va. : 
 
 Sir : Under estimates submitted by myself to your predecessor in 
 oflSce, Congress at its last sitting made appropriations for the civil 
 expenditures of this Department to the 3()th of November, 1862, in- 
 clusive, and I am now directed to submit further estimates for similar 
 expenditures of the Department up to the 31st of December, 1862. 
 
 Under the heads of the respective appropriations I have, therefore, 
 to submit the following as the approximate amounts needed for the 
 period indicated, viz : 
 
 For compensation of the Secretary of War, Assistant Secretary of 
 War, Chief of Bureau, Clerks, Messengers, etc. — Thirteen thousand 
 dollars ($ 13,()0().) 
 
 For incidental and contingent expenses — Five thousand dollars 
 ($5,000.) 
 
 The appropriations made by Congress at its»last sitting for the sala- 
 ries of the Commissioner and Chief Clerk as well as for the incidental 
 and contingent expenses of the Indian Bureau to the 30th of Novem- 
 ber, 1862, are believed to be sufficient to meet the further expenses of 
 this Bureau during the month of December, 1862, and that, therefore, 
 no additional appropriation for tliis purpose is necessary, 
 I am, very respectfully. 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 
 JAMES E. PEEBLES, 
 Disbursing Clerk, War Department. 
 
QUARTERMASTER GENERAL'S OFFICE, 
 
 Richmond, Augtist 18, 1862. 
 
 Sir : I have the honor to submit herewith au estimate of the amount 
 that AvlAbe required for the Pay, Transportation and other allo^Yances 
 providea through this Department for the army for one month, from 
 the 1st to the 31st day of December, 1862, viz. : 
 
 Field and Staff for one month, $ 220,225 00 
 
 25 Regiments Cavalry, 1,265,177 00 
 
 100 Companies Artillery (2 1-2 corps), 435,152 00 
 350 Regiments Infantry, 9,221,567 00 
 
 $11,142,121 00 
 
 To -which add : 
 For the Transportation of troops and their baggage, 
 
 of Quartermasters, Subsistence, Ordnance, and 
 
 Ordnance Stores from the place of purchase to 
 
 troops in the field ; the purchase of horses, mules, 
 
 wagons and harness; the purchase of lumber, 
 
 nails, iron and steel for erecting store house, 
 
 quarters for troops and other repairs ; hire of 
 
 teamsters, laborers, &c., 40 per cent, on the above, 4,368,758 00 
 To pay for horses of non-commissioned officers and 
 
 privates killed in battle, under act No. 48, Sec. 
 
 7, and for which provision is to be made, - 25,000 00 
 
 To pay for property pressed into the service of the 
 
 Confederate States, under appraisement, and said 
 
 property having been either lost or applied to the 
 
 public service, - - - - - 37,500 00 
 
 For the subsistence of prisoners of war, under act 
 
 No. 181, Sec. 1, and the hire of the necessary 
 
 prisons, guard-houses, &c., for the safekeeping of 
 
 the same, or so much thereof as may be necessary, 2!)0,000 00 
 
 For the bounty of $5') to each non-commissioned 
 
 officer, musician and private now in service for 3 
 
 years or for the war, to be paid at the expiration 
 
 of the 1st year's service on the basis that 60,000 
 
 will have to be paid, - . - . 3,000,000 00 
 
 For the pay of the officers on duty in the offices of 
 
 the Adjutant and Inspector General's Department, 
 
 the Quartermaster General's, Medical, Engineer, 
 
 Ordnance and Subsistence Departments, - 64,670 00 
 
 Total required for one month, - - i$ 18,838,049 00 
 
 I am, sir, very respectfully. 
 
 Your obedient servant, A. C. MYERS, 
 
 Qmrtermaster General. 
 
CONFEDERATE STATES 0^ AMERICA, 
 
 Subsistence Department, 
 Richmond, July Mth, 1862, 
 
 Hon. G. W. Randolph, 
 
 Secretary of War : 
 
 Sir : I have the honor to enclose an estimate for the month of 
 December as required. You will likewise find an estimate for cover- 
 ing the deficiency in the present appropriation, caused by the enhance- 
 ment of every commodity used of from 100 to 5 or 600 per cent. This 
 has arisen from the fact that this Bureau, as you well kuoAV, has never 
 been able to command funds to make provision in advance ; not even 
 in amounts adequate to current demands. This matter has been so 
 often brought to the attention of the War Department that it is 
 deemed useless to elaborate upon it. 
 
 There likewise appears an estimate of ten millions for the curing 
 of bacon, which should be prepared for now, and in full execution 
 before December. The necessity for that operation last winter when 
 the remnants of salt, from prior importations, Avcre numerous in the 
 warehouses of business men, and the storehouses of individuals and 
 when we possessed all of Tennessee — drew some from Kentucky — and 
 had the productive regions of Virginia and North Carolina, has been 
 fully verified. 
 
 Nothwithstanding the losses, our armies, both eAst and west, have 
 been kept in the field by that operation. Now the necessity of a 
 similar proceeding is imperatively indicated. 
 I am, very respectfully, 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 
 L. B. NORTHROP. 
 Commissary Gmcral Subsistence. 
 
AN ESTIMATE of Fxmds for the Subsistence of the Confederate States 
 Army for the Month of December, 1862, for 475,000 men for 31 
 days, making 14,725,000 Rations in all. 
 
 14,725,000 rations at 40-75c per ration, 
 Add ten per cent, for loss, «S:c., 
 
 6,000,437 50 
 600,043 75 
 
 Total amount required, - - - $6,600,481 25 
 
 Cost of the Ration by Estimate Cost of 100 Rations. 
 
 Rations. 
 
 Articles. 
 
 75 
 
 Bacon 
 
 25 
 
 Beef 
 
 100 
 
 Flour 
 
 50 
 
 Rice 
 
 50 
 
 Beans 
 
 50 
 
 Coffee 
 
 100 
 
 Sugar 
 
 100 
 
 Candles 
 
 100 
 
 Soap 
 
 100 
 
 Salt 
 
 100 
 
 Vinegar .... 
 
 100 
 
 Molasses 
 
 Quantity in Bulk. 
 
 37 1-2 pounds. . . 
 311-4 pounds. . . 
 
 150 pounds 
 
 5 pounds 
 
 4 quarts 
 
 3 pounds 
 
 121 pounds. 
 
 1 1-2 pounds.. . . 
 
 4 pounds 
 
 2 quarts 
 
 4 quarts 
 
 12 1-2 quarts.. . . 
 
 Price of. I Amount. 
 
 35c. a p'nd. 
 
 13 
 
 12 1-2 
 
 20c. ap'nd. 
 
 6 
 
 25 
 
 $10 abbl.. 
 
 7 
 
 65 
 
 6c. a pound. 
 
 
 30 
 
 4c. a quart. 
 
 
 16 
 
 6l)c. a p'nd. 
 
 1 
 
 80 
 
 40c. a p'nd. 
 
 4 
 
 80 
 
 25c. a p'nd. 
 
 
 37 1-2 
 
 30c. a p'nd. 
 
 1 
 
 20 
 
 5c. a quart. 
 
 
 10 
 
 30c. a gall'n 
 
 
 30 
 
 37 1-2aq'rt 
 
 4 
 
 68 3-4 
 
 40 
 
 74 3-4 
 
 L. B. NORTHROP, 
 
 Commissary General Subsistence. 
 
AN ADDITIONAL ESTIMATE of Funds for the S^lbsisfence of the 
 Confederate States Army for the Months of Attgvst, September, October 
 and November, 1862. 
 
 The amount required monthly (owing 
 to the greatly enhanced prices of all 
 articles of the ration) is, according 
 to the detailed estimate for Decem- 
 ber, herewith submitted, - $6,600,4M 26 
 Four months here required would then be - 26,401,926 00 
 Remaining of last appropriation, - - 20,404,365 89 
 
 Amount required for time named, - - 5,997,560 11 
 
 For the purchase of salt and packing bacon, - 10,000,000 00 
 
 Total amount required, - - $15,997,560 l^ 
 
 ^. B. NORTHROP, 
 5 Commissary General Subsist rnce. 
 
 4 
 
 afl 
 
SURGEON GENERAL'S OFFICE, 
 
 Richmond, Va., July \5thy 1862. 
 
 Estimate No. 10. 
 
 For medical and hospital supplies from December 1st to 
 
 December 3 1 St, 1862, - - - _ - - - $400,000 00 
 
 For the establishment and support of military hospitals 
 
 from December 1st to December Slst, 1862, - - 37,500 00 
 
 $437,500 00 
 
 S. P. MOORE, 
 
 Surgeon General. 
 
SURGEON GENERAL'S OFFICE, 
 
 Richmond, Va., July \5th, 1862. 
 
 Estimate No. 11. 
 
 For pay of private physicians employed by contract 
 
 from December 1 to December 31, 1862, - - $30,000 00 
 
 For pay of nurses and cooks not enlisted or volunteer 
 
 from December 1 to December 31, 1862, - - 48,000 00 
 
 For pay of Hospital laundresses from December 1 to 
 
 December 31, 1862, 10,000 00 
 
 For pay of Hospital stewards from December 1 to De- 
 cember 31, 1862, - 12,000 00 
 
 $100,000 00 
 
 S. P. MOORE, 
 Surgeon Gemral. 
 
ORDNANCE OFFICE, 
 
 July \{)th, 1862. 
 
 ESTIMATE of Funds required by the Ordnance Bureau. 
 
 Amount required for expenditures for Ordnance ser- 
 vice in all its branches for the month of December, 
 
 1862, $2,200,000 00 
 
 • ) 
 
 Amount expended per month during the last twelve 
 months, ----- $2,200,000 00 
 
 Respectfully submitted, 
 
 TIIOS. S. RIIETT, 
 Col. in charge of Ordnance Bureau. 
 
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA, 
 
 War Department, 
 
 Engineer Bureau, 
 Richmond, Va., 15tli July, 18G2. 
 
 Estimate of funds required by the Engineer Bureau for the month 
 of December, 1862, — $200,000, (two hundred thousand dollars.) 
 
 A. S. RIVES, 
 Acting Chief, Engineer Bureau. 
 
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA, 
 
 Department of State, 
 , Richmmd, July 10, 1862. 
 
 Hon. C. G. Memminger, 
 
 Secretary of the Treasury : 
 
 Sir : I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your letter of 
 the 7th instant, relative to estimates of appropriations required for 
 this Department. 
 
 The President having determined that the estimates to be submitted 
 to Congress at its extra session in August next, shall be for the month 
 of December, 1862. I have the honor to inform you that the appro- 
 priations already voted, are deemed sufficient for the service of this 
 Department to the 1st of January, 1863. 
 
 I am, your obedient servant, 
 
 J. P. BENJAMIN, 
 Secretary of State. 
 
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA, 
 
 Department of Justice, 
 Richmond, July H, 1862. 
 
 Hon. C. G. Memminger, 
 
 Secretary of the Treasury : 
 
 Sir : I have the honor to submit the following estimates of expen- 
 ditures for this Department, from the 1st to the ^Ist December next: 
 
 1. For compensation of Attorney General, Assistant Attorney 
 General, Clerks and Messenger, one thousand and two 30-100 dollars. 
 
 2. For compensation of Superintendent of Public Printing, Clerk 
 and Messenger in his bureau, three hundred and sixty-two 23-100 
 dollars. 
 
 3. For printing of the several Executive Departments, ten thou- 
 sand four hundred and sixteen 66-100 dollars. 
 
 4. For contingent expenses of Department, five hundred dollars, 
 
 5. For salaries of the Governor and Commissioner of Indian Af- 
 fairs, Secretary, Judges, Attorney and Marshal of Arizona Territory, 
 eight hundred and eight 71-100 dollars. 
 
 6. For contingent expenses of Arizona Territory, to be expended 
 by the Governor, forty-three dollars. 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 
 WADE KEYES, 
 Acting Attorney General. 
 
CONFEDERATE ^ATES OF AMERICA, 
 
 PosTOFFicE Department, 
 Richmond, July 19, 1862. 
 
 Hon. C. G. Memminger, 
 
 Secretary of the Treasury : 
 
 Sir : In compliance ■with your request of the 7th instant, I have 
 the honor to submit the following estimate of the sums required for 
 the compensation of the Postmaster General, Chiefs of Bureaus, 
 Clerks, Messengers and Laborers, from the 1st to 31st December, 
 1862: 
 
 For 
 
 compensation 
 
 of the Postmaster General at, ] 
 
 $,6000 GO 
 
 $505 43 
 
 K 
 
 (( 
 
 (( 
 
 3 Chiefs of Bureaus, 
 
 (( 
 
 3,000 00 
 
 758 13 
 
 CC 
 
 (( 
 
 u 
 
 1 Chief Clerk, 
 
 a 
 
 l,5on 00 
 
 126 35 
 
 ft 
 
 u 
 
 (t 
 
 4 Principal Clerks, 
 
 
 1,400 00 
 
 471 72 
 
 u 
 
 (C 
 
 " 
 
 1 Disbursing Clerk, 
 
 
 1,400 00 
 
 117 93 
 
 (C 
 
 C( 
 
 (i 
 
 24 Clerks, 
 
 
 1,200 00 
 
 2,425 92 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 « 
 
 31 Clerks, 
 
 
 1,000 CO 
 
 2,611 13 
 
 a 
 
 a 
 
 (( 
 
 1 Topographer, 
 
 
 1,500 00 
 
 126 35 
 
 K 
 
 a 
 
 u 
 
 1 Watchman, 
 
 
 50O 00 
 
 42 12 
 
 (C 
 
 a 
 
 u 
 
 2 Messengers, 
 
 
 500 00 
 
 84 24 
 
 (( 
 
 (C 
 
 u 
 
 1 
 
 
 400 00 
 
 33 69 
 
 (( 
 
 (C 
 
 li 
 
 3 Laborers, 
 
 
 1 50 
 
 perclayl39 50 
 
 
 $7,442 51 
 
 Also an appropriation of $1,000 will be required for the contingent 
 fund of this Department. 
 
 I have the honor to be, your obedient servant, 
 
 H. St. GEO. OFFUTT, 
 Acting Postmaster General. 
 
CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA, 
 
 PcSTOFFiCE Department, 
 Richmond, July 19, 1862. 
 
 Hon. C. G. Memminger, 
 
 Secretary of Treasury : 
 
 Sir: In pursuance of an act of Congress, approved April 9th, 
 1862, I have the honor to submit the following estin.ate of receipts 
 and expenditures from 1st to 51st December, 1862. 
 
 The act of Congress, approved 2nd July, 1836, — now in force — 
 requires that the accounts of the Postoffice Department shall be kept 
 in such manner as to exhibit the amount of its revenues derived from 
 certain sources, and the amount of its expenditures for certain speci- 
 fied objects, but I regret to state that the accounts have not been so 
 kept in the Auditor's office. Therefore, I have not been able to obtain 
 from that office * the proper official data upon which to base the esti- 
 mates of receipts and expenditures, (see copy of letter of acting 
 Auditor, herewith annexed,) and have been constrained to base them 
 upon the data in possession of the Department at the time the last 
 estimates were submitted. 
 
 Estimated receipts and expenditures from 1st to 3 1st December, 1862. 
 For transportation of mails inland. 
 For compensation of Postmasters, 
 For Clerks of Postoffices, _ - - 
 
 For ship, steamboat and way letters, - 
 For furniture for Postoffices, - - - 
 
 For advertising, _ _ _ _ 
 
 For mail bags, _ _ . - 
 
 For paper and blanks, _ _ - 
 
 For wrapping paper, - - - - 
 
 For mail locks, keys and stamps. 
 For mail depredations and Special Agents, 
 For miscellaneous payments. 
 For postage stamps, - - - - 
 
 Amounting to, - - - 
 
 RECEIPTS. 
 
 From letter postage, - - - $116,987 56 
 
 From postage on newspapers and pam- 
 phlets, - . - - 20,M8 67 
 From surplus commissions, - - 915 67 138,051 90 
 
 Estimated deficiency from 1st to 31st December, 1862, $150,607 39 
 
 - 195,601 
 
 31 
 
 55,328 
 
 26 
 
 9,659 
 
 32 
 
 58 
 
 37 
 
 1 
 
 00 
 
 350 
 
 94 
 
 14 
 
 25 
 
 1 .020 
 
 85 
 
 227 
 
 36 
 
 38 
 
 00 
 
 1,571 
 
 45 
 
 1,963 
 
 78 
 
 2.824 
 
 40 
 
 - $268,659 
 
 29 
 
74 
 
 To meet the liabilities of the Department from Ist to 31st Decem- 
 ber, 1862, an appropriation of $138,051 90, will be required out of 
 any moneys in the Treasury arising out of the revenues of the De- 
 partment, and to supply the estimated deficiency in the revenues of 
 the Department as above shown, and to enable the Department to 
 meet its estimated liabilities from 1st to 31st December, 1862, it will 
 be necessary for Congress to appropriate out of the General Treasury, 
 the further sum of $130,607 39. 
 
 I have the honor to be, 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 
 H. St. GEO. OFFUTT, 
 Acting Postmaster General. 
 
[Copy.] 
 
 CONFEDERATE STATES OF AMERICA, 
 
 Treasury Department, 
 
 First Auditor's Office, 
 July 18th, 1862. 
 
 Hon. John L, Harrell, 
 
 Chief of Finance Bureau, P. OB.: 
 
 Sir : I regret to inform you that, in consequence of the indisposi- 
 tion of several of the Clerks, and absence from other causes, taken in 
 connection with the removal of the records, temporarily, from the 
 city, and the consequent unavoidable delay in settling and adjusting 
 the postal business of the office — it will be almost impossible to ren- 
 der a concise and accurate statement, to the Postmaster General, in 
 time to enable you to communicate to the Secretary of the Treasury, 
 in accordance with par. 1, chap. 20, act of Congress, approved April 
 9th, 1862, the estimates for the Postoffice Department of the C. S. 
 
 I sincerely trust that the management of the public business, here- 
 after, may be uninterrupted by similar recurrence, and shall use every 
 effort to render the requisite statement at as early a day as possible. 
 
 ^ I am, sir, with great respect, 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 (Signed,) J. W. ROBERTSON, 
 
 Acting Auditor. 
 
NAVY DErARTMENT, 
 
 July nth, 1862. 
 
 ESTIMATES of the amount required for compensation of Secretary of 
 the Navy, Clerks and Messenger in his office lor the month of Decem- 
 ber, 1862. 
 
 For salary of the Secretary of the Navy per act approved 
 
 February 21st, 1861, $50000 
 
 For salary of Chief Clerk, also Corresponding Clerk and 
 
 Disbursing Agent, per act approved March 8th, 1861, 175 00 
 
 For salary of four clerks, on duty at Navy Department, 
 attached to §the office of Orders and Detail, Ordnance 
 and Hydrography, Provisions and Clothing, and Medi- 
 cines and Surgery, per section 9 of act approved March 
 15th, 1861, at Si, 500 per annum each, - - - 500 00 
 
 For salary of one clerk at $1,500 per annum, per act ap- 
 proved January 14th, 1862, 125 00 
 
 For salary of two clerks at $1 ,200 per annum, per act ap- 
 proved March 8th, 1862, - - - - - - 200 00 
 
 For salary of one clerk at $1,200 per annum, per act ap- 
 proved January 14th, 1862, ----- 10000 
 
 For salary of one clerk at $1,000 per annum, per act ap- 
 proved March 8th, 1861, 84 24 
 
 For salary of one draftsman at $1,200 per annum, per 
 
 act approved January 18th, 1862, - - - - 100 00 
 
 For salary of ^Messenger at $500 per annum, per act ap- 
 proved March 8th, 1862, 41 66 
 
 One thousand eight hundred and twenty-five dollars and 
 
 ninety cents, $1,825 90 
 
 S. 11. MALLORY, 
 Secretary of the Navy. 
 
 i 
 
r> 
 
 NAVY DEPARTMENT, 
 
 July nth, 1862. 
 
 ESTIMATE of the amount required for Incidental and Contingent Ex- 
 penses of the Navy Department for tJie 7nonth of December, 1862. 
 
 For incidental and contingent expenses of the Navy De- 
 partment, $1,000 00 
 
 One thousand dollars, -----__ $1,000 00 
 
 S. R. MALLORY, 
 Secretary of the Navy. 
 
^ 
 
 ^d:^»^^ ■ -*-«^. 
 
 Secretary of tJie Navy.