LAW LIBRARY Duke University durham, n. c , |7 C f 3. 1 DUKE LAW LIBRARY L00303713H JOURNAL OF THE STATE CONVENTION, HELD IN MILLEDGEVILLE/ IN 11 riXEDtiEVILLK '. R. M. OH ME, STATE PRINTER. 1850. JOURNAL OF THE STATE CONVENTION. HELD IN MILLEDGEVILLE, IN DECEMBER, 185 0. X 27639 -aw library MILLEDGEVILLE R. M. 1850. Digitized by • the Internet Archive in 2015 https://archive.org/details/journalofstateco01geor JOURNAL OF THE STATE CONVENTION. In obedience to an act of the General Assembly, approv- ed February 8th, 1850, "to authorize and require the Gov- ernor of the State of Georgia to call a Convention of the people of this State, and to appropriate money for the same." the following members elect from the several coun- ties hereafter mentioned produced their credentials and took their seats, tO-wit : Appling — Daniel Hopps. Jacob Moody. Baker — John Colley, George W. Collier. Baldwin — Augustus H. Kenan, John W. A. Sanford. Bibb — Robert Collins. Washington Poe. Abner P. Pow- ers, and William Scott. Bryan — Cyrus Bird, Charles H. Starr. Bulloch — Peter Cone, Allen Rawls. Burke — John Whitehead, Edmund Palmer. William H. Hughes, John C. Povthress. Butts— David J. Bailey, Rufus W . McCune. Camden — James M. Smith. Edmund: Atkinson. Campbell— Littleton H. Cochran, William M. Butt. Carroll — Thomas Chandler, Parker W. Rice. Cass — James Wofford, Lewis Tumlin. Warren Aiken, Linnsey Johnson. Chatham — Richard D. Arnold, John E: Ward, Francis S. Bartow, R. R. Cuyler. Chattooga — Henry P. AVootten, Madison Montgomery. Cherokee — Allen Lawhon. McKay A. Keith, Simpson C. Dyer, Jesse R. Wilde." Cla?'k — Asbury Hull, John C. Johnson. Abram S. Hill, Benaja S. Sheats. Clinch — Benjamin Sermons, James W. Staton. Cobb — M . G. Slaughter, David Irwin, A. J. Hansell, N. M. Calder. Columbia — Edward S. Harrison, W. A. L. Collins, W. A. Martin, L. C. Belt, Cozveta — Richard M. Hacknev. George J. Glass, Robett W. Sims. John W. Powell. Crawford — William A. Mathews, Dolphin Davis. Dade — Gallatan Stephens, John McKaig. Decatur — Richard Sims, John P. Dickinson. MILLEDGEVILLE, TUESDAY, / December 10. 1850. LAW LIBRARY 4 JOURNAL OF THE DcKalb — Charles Murphey, William Ezzard, John Col- lier, James M. Calhoun. Dooly — Benjamin B. Hamilton, David J. Bothwell. Early — Thomas Speight, Josiah Vinson. Effingham — George W. Boston, Albert G. Porter. Elbert — Thomas J. Heard, Thomas W. Thomas, William H. Adams, William J. Roebuck. Emanuel — Eldred Swain, John C. C. Lane. Fayette — John O. Dickson, William B. Fuller. Floyd — Joseph Waters, Edward Ware. Forsyth — Arthur Erwin, Joseph T. Garner. Franklin — William Little, Samuel Knox, Nathan Gun- nells, J. W. Payne. Gilmer — Elijah W. Chastain, James W. Gudger. Glynn — James Hamilton Couper, Francis M. Scarlett. Gordon— Thomas Bird, Josiah R. Parrott. Greene— Thomas N. Poullain, William C. Dawson, Wm. W. D. Weaver, Rowan H. Ward. Gwinnett — James P. Simmons, Levi Loveless, Richard D. Winn, Thomas W. Alexander. Habersham — William B. WorTord, John W. H. Under- wood, Francis Logan, Joseph Underwood. Hall — W. J. Peeples, E. M. Johnson. Hancock — Eli H. Baster, James Thomas, Harris — George Granberry, George Osborn, George W, Cobb, Leonard Pratt. Heard— Charles W. Mabry, William F. Wright. Henry — Bushrod Pettit, David L. Duffey, Leonard T. Doyal, Luther J. Glenn. Houston — Creed T. Woodson, Jacob Fudge, John J. Hampton, Hugh Lawson. Irwin — George Wilcox, James L. Wilcox. Jackson— Giles Mitchell, Samuel P. Thurmond. Jasper — John W. Barney, John Robinson, Thomas J. Comer, Jesse Pitts. Jefferson — George Stapleton, Patrick B. Connelly. Jones — Joseph L. Holland, Thomas S. Humphries. Laurens — Charles B. Guyton, Edward J. Blackshear. Lee — Willis A. Hawkins, Samuel D. Irwin. Liberty — James S. Bradwell, Enoch Daniel. Lincoln — Benning B. Moore, Benjamin F. Tatum. Lowndes — William L. Morgan, William Ashley. Lumpkin — Harrison W. Riley, Augustus M. Russell, Samuel Hymer, Richard H. Pierce. Macon — William H. Robinson, Nathan Bryan. Madison — Richard H. Bullock, James Long. Mcintosh — Thomas Spalding, John Demere. Marion — Thomas Bivins, John G. Stokes. Meriwether — Wiley P. Burks, Philemon Ogletree, Wil- liam A. J. Phillips, James L. Stevenson. STATE CONVENTION. 5 Monroe — Angus M. D. King, Mede Lesuere, Hiram Phin- izee, James S. Pinckard. Montgomery — James S. Connor, John McRae. Morgan — Isham S. Fannin, Augustus Reese. Murray — James Morris, William L. Gordon. Muscogee — Alexander McDougald, Nicholas L. Howard, Alexander C. Morton, Thomas F. Wooldridge. Newton — John N. AVilliamson, Jno. B. Kendrick, John Harris, John Bass. Oglethorpe — George R. Gilmer, Samuel Glenn, Willis Willingham, Peter W. Hutchinson. Paulding — Rheese McGregor, Wm. F. Janes. Pike — Henry Smith, Pinckney B. Cox, Richard White, John R. Jenkins. Pulaski — Willis B. Reeves, Norman McDuffie. Putnam — Jefferson Adams, James A. Meriwether, El- more Calloway, Henry Branham. Rabun— Alfred Blalock, Dread Wall. Randolph — William Taylor, John Hendrick, Benjamin H. Rice, Hiram G. Johnson. Richmond — Robert F. Poe, Charles J. Jenkins, Thomas Skinner, Andrew J. Miller. Scriven — Augustus H. Jones, Winbone J. Lawton. Stewart — Daniel Mathison, John Wiiliford, Sampson Bell, James Clark. Sumter — William H. Crawford, Edwin R. Brown. Talbot — Terrell Barksdale, Steven Harvey, James W. Castins, William T. Holmes. Taliaferro — Alexander H. Stevens, Singleton Harris. Tattnall — George W. Collins, Henry Strickland. lelfair— Mark Wilcox, William W. Pain. 7 homas — James L. Seward, Thomas M. Gatlin. Troup — Hiram Dennis, James Culberson, Edward Y. Hill, Robert A. T. Ridley. Twiggs — Benjamin B. Smith, Henry S. Wimberly Union — JohnB. Chastain, Samuel T. Jamison. Upson — Thomas Beall, Thomas Flewellen, Abraham J. McAfee, Davenport Evans. Walker — Thomas G.'McFarland, Robert F. Dickerson. Walton — Warren J. Hill, Peter G. Morrow, Lewis J. Moon, Francis S. Colley. Ware — James Fulford, James Walker. Warre7i — Thomas L. Latimer, John Adkins, Henry A. Jones, George V. Neal. Washington — Robert W. Flournoy, Edmond S. Lang- made, William Hall, John H. Duggar. Wayne — Samuel O. Bryant, Stephen C. King. Wilkes — Josiah T. Irwin, Edward R. Atkinson, John H. Dyson, Robert Toombs. Wilkinson — James Ross, James Jackson. 6 JOURNAL OF THE On motion of Augustus H. Kenan, the Hon. Edward Y. Hill, of the county of Troup, was called to the Chair, and Robert S. Lanier, appointed Secretary, for the purpose of organizing the Convention. On motion of Mr. Meriwether, of Putnam, Resolved, That this Convention be organized by the ap- pointment of a President and two Vice-Presidents. On motion of Mr. Meriwether, the Honorable Thomas Spalding, a delegate from the county of Mcintosh, was by acclamation chosen President; and William B. Wofford, of Habersham, and Andrew J. Miller, of Richmond, were in like manner appointed to act as Vice Presidents. On motion of Mr. Stapleton, of Jefferson, a committee, consisting of Messers. Stapleton, Ridley and Hull, was se- lected to notify the President and Vice Presidents of their appointments, and to conduct them to the Chair, from whence appropriate acknowledgments were returned to the Convention. On motion of Mr Hill of Troup, the Convention pro- ceeded to the election of their Secretary, and the ballots being received and examined, it appeared that Robert S. Lanier, of the county of Bibb, was duly elected. On motion of Mr. Hull, of Clarke, the Convention pro- ceeded to the election of Doorkeeper and the ballots being received and examined, it appeared that Moses N. Daven- port of the county of Clarke, was duly elected. On motion of Mr. Irwin, of Cobb, Jesse Oslin, of the county of Cobb, was by acclamation elected Messenger. On motion of Mr. Robinson of Macon, Resolved, That the President appoint a Chaplain to open the meeting of the Convention with prayer. The Convention being organized, on motion of Mr. Cone, of Bulloch, Resolved, That the Rules of the Senate, so far as applica- ble, be adopted for the Government of the Convention; and three hundred copies of the same be ordered to be printed for the use of the members thereof. On motion of Mr. Jenkins, of Richmond, Resolved, That a committee of three from each Judicial District be appointed by the Chair, whose duty it shall be to report, for the consideration of the Convention, action appropriate to the occasion ; and that the presiding officers report the names of the committee to-morrow morning at 10 o'clock. On motion of Mr. Meriwether, the]Convention adjourned until to-morrow morning, 10 o'clock. STATE CONVENTION. 7 MILLEDGEVILLE, WEDNESDAY, ) December 11, 1850. ) The Convention met pursuant to adjournment. Prayer was offered by the Rev. Joshua Knowles. The Secretary then proceeded to read the names of the committee composed of three members from each Judicial District of the State, appointed by the President and Vice Presidents, being thirty-three in all, as follows, to wit: Middle District — C. J. Jenkins, Lawton and Flournoy. Eastern — Bartow, Couper and Smith. Sout/iern — Blackshear, George Wilcox and Gatlin. Southwestern — Crawford, Taylor and Irwin of Lee. Chattahoochee — McDougald, Clarke and Bivins. Coweta — E. Y. Hill, Murphy and Slaughter. Cherokee — Tumlin, Lawhon and Chastain. Western — Hull, W. J. Hill and Knox. Northern — Gilmer, Baxter and Long. Ocmulgee — Kenan, Sanford and Meriwether. Flint — King, Williamson and Collins of Bibb, The following resolution was offered by Mr. Calhoun of DeKalb, to wit : Resolved, That the roll of the counties be called in alpha- betical order, and that when each county is called, every delegate thereof shall have a right to hand to the Secretary any preamble or resolutions he may wish, which resolutions, without being read before the Convention, shall be deliver- ed to the committee of three from each Judicial District, for the consideration of said committee. For which Mr. Thomas, of Elbert, moved a substitute as follows, to wit : Resolved, That the counties be called in their alphabeti- cal order, and as each is called any member thereof may of- fer resolutions, which shall be read and referred without discussion to the committee of three from each Judicial District : -which last was adopted in lieu of the former reso- lution. On the call of the counties, pursuant to the above resolu- tion, Mr. Bartow, of Chatham, gave notice that the delega- tion from Chatham had resolutions, which would be referred to the committee without being read. Mr. Thomas, of Elbert, presented a series of resolutions, which being read were referred to the committee. Mr. Cox, of Pike, and Mr. Brown, of Sumter, also respec- tively presented resolutions, which being read were in like manner referred. Mr. Ward, of Chatham, moved the following resolutions, to wit : Resolved, That the Messenger be required to provide seats 8 JOURNAL OF THE on the floor Of the House for such Reporters of the public journals as may wish to report the proceedings of the Con- vention. Resolved, That a committee of three be appointed to make arrangements, if practicable, for a complete report of the debates and proceedings of the Convention, to be published in pamphlet form as early as possible after the adjournment under the supervision of the President and Vice Presidents. Mr. Meriwether offered the following as a substitute for the last resolution : Resolved, That the Journal of this Convention be pub- lished under the superintendence of its presiding officers, the printing to be done upon the terms on which the State printing is done and that five thousand copies be printed and distributed among the several counties ; — which was agreed to. The resolutions as amended were then adopted. On motion of Mr. Stephens, of Taliaferro. Resolved, That the Committee of Thirty-three ( 33 ) be au- thorized to have the report or reports to be made by them printed for the use of the members of the Convention, On motion of Mr/Scarlett, of Glynn, the Convention then adjourned until to-morrow morning at 10 o'clock. MILLEDGEVILLE, THURSDAY, ) December 12, 1850. \ The Convention met pursuant to adjournment. . Prayer was offered by the Rev. Mr. R. Reneau. Mr. Scarlett laid on the table a resolution in relation to the compensation of members and officers of the Conven- tion. Mr. Seward laid on the table a resolution in relation to the course of the Honorable John Macpherson Berrien in the Senate of the United States. Mr. Seward laid on the table a preamble and resolutions relative to the legislation of the Congress of the United States upon certain questions connected with the institu- tion of slavery, at the last session. Mr. Simmons moved to take up the same ; on which mo- tion the yeas and nays were required to be recorded, and are yeas sixty-six, nays one hundred and forty-two. So the motion to take up the resolutions was lost. Those who voted in the affirmative are Messrs. Atkinson, Arnold, Adams, of Putnam, Ashley, Bailey, Bothwell, Bos- ton, Burney, Blalock, Brown, Bryant of Wayne, Cooley of Baker, Colley of Walton, Collier of Baker, Cone, Cochran, STATE CONVENTION. 9 Chastain of Union, Comer, Calloway, Castens, Dickson, DufTey, Doyal, Daniel, Demere, Erwin of Forsyth, Evans, Fuller, Fudge, Guy-ton, Gordon, Hughes, Hackney, Hamil- ton, Holland, Humphries, Hawkins, Johnson of Hall. Jones of Scriven, Jamison, Lawson, McCune, Martin, Morgan, Morris, McDufne, Poythress, Powell, Payne of Franklin, Paine of Telfair, Peeples, Petit, Robinson of Jasper, Starr, Smith of Twiggs, Speight, Scarlett, Simmons, Seward, Vin- son, Watters, Woodson, James L. Wilcox. Wilcox of Tel- fair, Wall, Wimbeiiy. Those who voted in the negative are Messrs. Akin, Ad- ams of Elbert, Alexander, Adkins, Anderson, Bird of Biyan, Bird of Gordon, Butt, Bradwell, Bryan of Macon, Bullock, Burkes, Bass, Branham, Bell of Stewart, Beall of Upson, Collier of DeKalb, Collins of Columbia, Collins of Tattnall, Chandler, Cuyler, Calder, Calhoun, Cobb, Connelly, Con- ner, Cox, Culberson, Dyer, Davis, Dickinson of Decatur, Dickerson of Walker, Dennis, Duggan, Dyson, Ezzard, Fannin, Flewellen, Glass, Garner, Gunnels, Granberry, Glenn of Henry, Glenn of Oglethorpe, Hill of Clark, Harri- son, Heard, Hymer, Howard, Hendrix of Newton, Hen- drick of Randolph, Harris of Newton, Harris of Taliaferro, Hutchison, Harvey, Holmes, Hall, Irwin of Cobb, Irwin of Wilkes, Johnson of Cass, Johnson of Clark, Johnson of Randolph, Janes, Jones of Warren, Jackson, Keith, King of Wayne, Lane, Little, Loveless, Logan, Lesuere, Lati- mer, Langmade, Montgomery, Mabry, Mitchell, Moody, Moore, McRae, Morton, [McGregor,] Miller, Mathison, Mc- Afee, McFarlarnd, Morrow, Moon, Neal, Ogletree, Poe of Bibb, Poe of Richmond, Powers, Porter, Parrott, Poullain, Pearce, Phillips, Phinizee, Pinckard, Rawds, Rice of Car- roll, Rice of Randolph, Roebuck, Robinson of Macon, Riley, Russell, Reese, Reeves, Ridley, Scott, Smith of Pike, Sheats, Sermans, Slaton,Sims of Coweta, Stephens of Dade, Swain, Stapleton, Spalding, Stokes, Stephenson, Strickland, . Thomas of Elbert, Thomas of Hancock, Thurmond, Tatum, Joseph Underwood, Wofford of Cass, Woftord of Haber- sham, Ward of Chatham, Wooten, Wilde, Ware, Weaver, Winn, Wright, Wooldridge, Willingham, White, Williford, Ward of Greene. — Ayes 66, Nays 142. Mr. Hull, from the committee of Thirty-three, (33) asked further time for the Committee to prepare their report, which on motion was granted. The resolution of Mr. Scarlett, in relation to the compen- sation of officers and members of the Convention, was again taken up, and on motion of Mr. Glenn, of Henry, laid on the table for the present. On motion of Mr. Paine, of Telfair, the Convention ad- journed till three o'clock, P. M. 10 JOURNAL OF THE Three o'clock, p. m. The Convention met pursuant to adjornment,Mr. Miller, one of the Vice Presidents, in the Chair. Mr. Scarlett moved to take up the resolution in relation to the pay of officers and members of the Convention ; which motion was agreed to, and the resolution read as follows : Resolved, That the per diem pay of the presiding officers and members of the Convention be the same as received by the presiding officers and members of the General Assem- bly at the last session ; that the Secretary and his assistants each receive the sum of dollars ; and that the Messenger and Doorkeeper each receive the sum of dollars. Mr. Kidley moved to fill the first blank with the sum of two hundred dollars ; which motion was lost. Mr. Scarlett moved to fill the blank with the sum of one hundred and fifty dollars; which motion was also lost. Mr. Ezzard then moved to fill the blank with the sum of one hundred dollars; which was agreed to. On motion of Mr. Ridley, the words "and assistants," were stricken out of the resolution, and the following in- serted after the words, "one hundred dollars," "and that the Secretary and his assistants shall each receive the sum of ten dollars per diem for services rendered during the session of this Convention. Mr. Sims, of Coweta, moved to fill the second blank, in relation to pay of Doorkeeper and Messenger, with the sum of ten dollars; which motion was lost. Mr. Ezzard then moved that the blank be filled with the sum of eight dollars ; which motion was also lost. Mr. Keith moved to fill the blank with the sum of six dol- lars per diem; which was agreed to. Mr. Thurmond moved to strike out all of the resolution relating to the compensation of the Secretary, his assis- tants, Doorkeeper and Messenger, and insert the following in lieu : Resolved, That the Secretary and his Assistants, the Mes- senger and Doorkeeper each receive the same^r^w pay as the members of this Convention ; and that if the Secreta- ry should be unable to bring up the Journals of the proceed- ings of the Convention during its session, that he be entitled to the same pay while engaged in so doing. A division of the question being called for, the motion to strike out was put and lost. The original resolution as amended was then agreed to. On motion of Mr. Scarlett, the Convention adjourned till to-morrow morning, 10 o'clock. STATE CONVENTION. 11 MILLEDGE YILLE , FRIDAY. / December 13, 1850. \ The Convention met pursuant to adjournment , the Presi- dent in the Chair. Prayer was offered by the Rev. Samuel J. Daniel. On motion of Mr. Scarlett, Resolved, That a committee of five be appointed to audit the accounts of the members of this Convention. The Chair appointed the following "gentlemen members of that committee : Messrs. Scarlett, Cone, Colley of Baker, Montgomery and Dyson. Mr. Stephens, of Taliaferro, moved the following reso- lution, which was agreed to : Resolved, That the next General Assembly be and they .are hereby requested to turn over the balance which may be left of the thirty thousand dollars which were appropria- ted to defray the expenses of this Convention, to the Poor School Fund for the next year. Mr. Seward, of Thomas, laid on the table a resolution calling on the Committee of Thirty-three to report matter for the action of the Convention relative to the passage of an act by the Legislature of the State of Vermont, entitled "An act relating to persons claimed as fugitive slaves, and the right of trial by jury,'' and also relative to the enforce- ment of the fugitive slave law, Mr. Jenkins, from the Committee of Thirty-three, made a report. Mr. Toombs moved to take up the report, which was agreed to. The report was then taken up and read as follows, to wit : The Committee appointed to prepare and report for the consideration of the Convention, action appropriate to the occasion on which they have assembled, having carefully considered the papers referred to them, and freely inter- changed opinions, respectfully submit the following REPORT: The people of Georgia responding to a Proclamation of their Chief Magistrate, have met in Convention for the im- mediate purpose of deliberating upon a law enacted by the Congress of the United States, entitled "An act for the ad- mission of California into the Union. ' ? Were the action of this body limited to the consideration of that act, its duty would be easily discharged. But a more extended survev of Congressional legislation and of our Federal position, is not only allowable, but necessary to a just conclusion. We regard the act under consideration as one in a series of measures, each capable of an independent existence, but all directly or indirectly affecting the institution of slavery ; each deriving from that circumstance its cardinal interest. 12 JOURNAL OF THE and all in a crisis of fearful import, connected in a scheme of pacific adjustment. Two of the acts in the series had for their object the or- ganization of Territorial governments for portions of the vast domain recently acquired from Mexico. With them the slavery question became connected by two opposite movements, the one proposing to prohibit, the other to es- tablish slavery in those territories by express enactment, the advocates of these extreme measures being alike reluctant to leave the result dependant upon the future adjudication of the Courts. A distinct phase of the subject was present- ed by the application of the people inhabiting one of those territories to be admitted into the Union as a State, under a constitution formed by themselves, in which for themselves they had assumed the settlement of the slavery question. The acquisition of this Territory, moreover, had involved the government of the United States in a controversy of boundary, pre-existing between Mexico and the State of Texas, with which also the slavery question was unhappily complicated. Thus far, it will be perceived, no one of the pending measures was wantonly or gratuitously obtruded upon the national legislature for the purposes of agitation. They resulted inevitably from antecedent measures in Avhich both the North and the South Avere participant. But the difficulties that embarrassed the action of Con- gress are not yet all told. Just at this critical juncture, certain Representatives from the non-siaveholding States impelled partly by appeals from the inhabitants of the Dis- trict of Columbia and partly by the promptings of their im- mediate constituents, pressed with increased urgency the suppression of the slave trade in the District. To this was superadded the proposition, fraught with far greater excite- ment, to abolish slavery in the District. Furthermore, the people of the South , justly excited by the faithless and long continued denial of their constitutional right to the extra- dition of fugitive slaves, demanded additional and efficient legislation upon this vital subject. This brief but truthful statement of the many momentous issues, all surcharged with this one peculiarly exciting ele- ment, and crowded into a single session of Congress, and a bare reference to the alarming agitation which, springing up in protracted debate, extended beyond the halls of legis- lation, and pervaded the public mind, will serve to indicate the peril of the day, and to suggest that the only escape was in that spirit of mutual concession which gave birth to the Constitution, and which in times past had adjusted more than one controversy threatening dissolution. It is not proposed at this time to re-open the exhausted ar- gument upon the merits of these questions severally or col- lectively. The result is, that partizans occupying extreme STATE CONVENTION. IS local positions in the country, and holding diametrically opposite opinions on the slavery question, in all its phases, have vied with each other in clamorous denunciation of the settlement. It may well be doubted whether upon the broad territory of the Republic, there dwells an intelligent citizen, whose judgment approves every part of each link in this extended chain of adjustment. Georgia, at least, finds in it matter for objection and matter for approval* But such is likewise her opinion of our Federal and State Constitutions ; so is she accustomed to judge of the leading; measures of every Congress and every General Assembly, as each, in turn, labors the difficult problem of perfecting human government, through the instrumentality of imper- fect an conflicting human reason. It is not on this, more than on any other occasion, the part of wisdom or of patriot- ism, to subject legislative acts, under review, to the rigid test of yielding either the full measure of right or the full fruition of anticipated benefit. The practical questions pre- sented for consideration are these : May Georgia, consistent with herhono?', abide by the general scheme of pacification? If she ma}^, then does her mterestlie in adherence to it, or in resistance? A brief reference to a few facts of recent occur- rence will furnish an affirmative answer to the first and most interesting inquiry. The people of Georgia were fully apprised that these great issues were pending before the national legislature. Their General Assembly being in session, and assuming to represent their opinions, took them into consideration, gave distinct expression to their own views, and virtually required of the Congress of the United States conformity to those views. Numerous primary as- semblies of the people passed upon the same questions, still in advance of the action of Congress, and whilst in many of these the requisitions of the General Assembly were quali- fied, in none (it is believed) were they enlarged. These movements belong to the history of the controversy, and were intended to exert an influence at the Capitol. Whe- ther attributable in any degree to that influence or not, the result has been strict conformity to the line of policy thus indicated, save in one instance. That one is the admission of California into the Union. Upon the expediency of this measure, separately considered, the people of Georgia are, in some measure, divided in opinion ; upon the graver ques- tion of its constitutionality, still more so. Surely, then, re- spect for the opinions of the other party to the controver- sy, who have so largely conformed to our views, a proper allowance, for disagreement among ourselves, on the latter branch of this question, will enable even those who hold the act inexpedient and unconstitutional, to abide by it honorably and gracefully. The proposition that, weighed in the scale of interest, the 14 JOURNAL OF THE preponderance is vastly on the side of non-resistance, is too plain for argument. This act being in its nature, unsuscep- tible of repeal, the only competent measure of resistance is secession. This would not repair the loss sustained, viz : deprivation of the right to introduce slavery into Califor- nia. But it would subject Georgia, first to the additional loss of all she has gained by the scheme of adjustment, e. g., the provision made for the reclamation of fugitive slaves ; and secondly, it would annihilate, forever, all the advantages, foreign and domestic, derivable from her ad- herence to the confederacy. It may not be overlooked that, aside from the new issues presented by the late territorial acquisitions, the position of the South upon the Congress- ional record is better this day than ever before. Georgia, then, will abide by the recent action of Con- gress, herein before referred to, in hopeful reliance that the people of the non-slaveholding States will yield acquesc- ence in, and faithful adherence to, that entire action. To this course she is impelled by an earnest desire to perpetu- ate the American Union, and to restore that peace and harmony upon which its value to herself, to her confeder- ates, and to mankind, essentially depends. Here, if a sense of duty permitted, we would gladly pause ; but the signs of the times invite to a more extended review of our federal relations,, and to a more distinct avowal of the position we occupy. The country requires re- pose. Vain, utterly vain, are all concessions that fail to terminate this sectional controversy. Through our Repre- sentatives in the Halls of Congress, we have long combatted the aggressive spirit of Representvtives of the non-slave- holding States. But the sources of this turbid stream lie beyond ; they are to be found in the midst of their several constituences. We deem this an appropriate occasion for the sovereign people of Georgia to commune with the sov- ereign people of those States. We would address to them the language of calm and frank remonstrance, rather than of defiance or menace. We would recall them to the faith- ful discharge of their duty, as confederates, by an appeal to their reason and their moral sense. We would premise a few suggestions to the opponents of slavery, which time does not permit us to elaborate. Slave- ry was introduced into this country by the enterprize of Old England and New England. It was maintained in the lat- ter during the days of her greatest purity , when the spirit of an austere and uncompromising religious faith not only re- gulated social intercourse, but controlled the operations of government. It was discontinued only when experience had proven its want of adaptation to the soil and climate. It has been retained at the South by reason of the fitness of our soil and climate to its employment. Under its auspices STATE CONVENTION. 15 the Negro has been secured beyond contingency, in the en- joyment of physical comforts unknown to his trans-Atlan- tic ancestors, and elevated in the scale of being. Let any man who questions this assertion go to Liberia and com- pare the Negro trained under the influences of slavery with the Negro of the same generation reared in his native bar- barism. The Southern slave, uninfluenced by the promp- tings of mischievous intermeddlers, is sincerely attached to his owner, and happy in the condition assigned him by an all-wise Providence. Familiarity with the practical operations of the institution would satisfy any ingenuous mind that these things are so. But apart from this abstract view, the South is entitled to absolute security and quiet on this subject. The Constitution of the United States is, in its terms, a bond of political union between separate sovereignties, and involves a high moral obligation. The latter is indeed the seal and sanction of the former. The Southern States, upon entering into this compact, brought with them, as a part of their social system, as the substratum of their in- dustrial pursuits, the institution of slavery, and the Nor- thern States, by the compact, recognized its existence, and guaranteed its secure enjoyment. Beyond the obliga- tion thus created, the people of those States have no more concern with it, than have the subjects of the British crown. The framers of the Constitution declared, in limine, the purposes to be accomplished by it in the fol- lowing terms: "We, the people of the Lnited States, in order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, en- sure domestic tranquility provide for the common defence, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and es- tablish this constitution for the United States of America. ' 5 The people of each State becoming a party to that instru- ment, are entitled to all the benefits therein distinctly enumerated, and are under the most solemn obligations to abstain from all practices inconsistent with their enjoy- ment by the other parties. ' 'It is nominated in the bond" that the people of no one State shall disturb the ^domestic tranquility" of any other. Georgia lays open the volume of her history, and proudly challenges her confederates to the adduction of a single incident violative of this obliga- tion. She does more. In all kindness compatible with the assertion of right, she charges upon the non-slave- holding States infidelity to this stipulation in the compact. She instances the existence within their borders of organiz- ed societies, avowedly devoted to the annihilation of an in- stitution inwrought with the framework of her social sys- tem, and in no way modifying or affecting their own; so- cieties employing missionaries and subsidizing the press to propagate their destructive doctrines, and even to excite. 10 JOURNAL OF THE within our own limits, a spirit of disaffection among her citizens and of insubordination among her slaves — socie- ties which have boldly entered the political arena, seized upon the balance of power, and obtruded their fanaticism into the halls of our Federal Legislature. There, meas- ures of hostility are incessantly proposed and discussed, to the interruption of the legitimate business of legisla- tion ; denunciations day by day uttered against slavery and slaveholders — against confederates and their institu- tions. In this state of things, the remedy to be applied by those States is apparent. It was foreshadowed in the able and patriotic message proceeding from the Executive to the Legislative Department of the State of New York in the year 1836. It is by the active interposition of a conservative public opinion, and if that be insufficient, then by legislative enactment. If the onward movement of this insane crusade is ever to be stayed, it is time that measures of resistance be put in progress there. Desiring to be distinctly understood in order that incal- culable evils may be arrested by a timely return to the early policy of the country, we rest not this remonstrance upon generalities. The practical results aimed at by these agitators are, First, abolition of slavery in the Dis- trict of Columbia. Maryland never would have ceded a part of her territory, nor transferred the jurisdiction over a part of her citizens, had she supposed their social system would be revolutionized against their will, and a State policy established in the heart of her territory, material- ly variant from, and hostile to her own. Such an act therefore cannot be consummated, without bad faith to her and to Virginia, whose territory is coterminous, in the determined resistance of which they are entitled to the co-operation of their Southern confederates. Second- ly, that kindred measure, sometimes threatened, of abol- ishing slavery in the military posts, dockyards, and other freeholds of the General Government, lying within the boundaries of slaveholding States. These possessions were|ceded to the United States for purposes of utility and convenience, in the generous confidence that they would not be used to the detriment of the ceding States. Ihirdly, an amendment of the acts organizing territorial •government for New Mexico and Utah, whereby slavery shall be prohibited in those territories. Fourthly, the passage of an act for the suppression of the slave trade between the people of the slaveholding States, which we regard as an officious and unconstitutional interference with State pol- icy. The rejection of some of those measures at the recent session of Congress, comes within the scheme of adjust- ments, and materially influences the decision of Georgia. One other subject challenges our especial notice. It is the threatened repeal of the recent act for the reclamation of fugitive slaves . That statute was demanded as an unques- STATE CONVENTION. IT tionable constitutional right, and as a remedy for a griev- ous and growing evil, and therefore cannot be surrendered. History bears testimony to the importance of this subject. It mingled in the earliest discussions upon the formation of the American Union. It commanded the profound deliber- ation of the framers of the Constitution, who assigned it a prominent place in that instrument. They ordained, that "no person held to service or labor in one state under the laws thereof, and escaping into another, shall, in conse- quence of any law or regulation therein, be discharged from such service or labor, but shall be delivered up, on claim of the party to whom such service or labor may be due." It is universally conceded that this provision was inserted to meet the case of fugitive slaves, and that without it the slaveholding states would not have entered into the Union. No candid reasoner will controvert the proposition that it is binding alike upon the states as sovereigns, upon their of- ficers, executive, judicial and ministerial, upon voluntary associations of persons, and upon each individual citizen of the United States. Hence any obstruction to the recovery of fugutive slaves, emanating from any one of those sources, involves its infraction. At an early period in the history of the Confederation, the'Congress of the United States be- lieving that the character of our people furnished abundant guarantee of fidelity to the compact, enacted a law devolv- ing upon the several State authorities the duty of carrying it into effect; and the event justified the confidence re- posed. Those were the purer days of the Republic, when patriotism was stronger than fanaticism. Then, the Con- stitution of the United States, as it is in theory, the fun- damental law of the land, was recognized as the paramount obligation between States and individuals. But a new school of political ethics has arisen in the land ; a school affecting a morality purer than that of the Apostle Paul who sent back the absconding Onesimus to his master ; a philanthropy more sublimated than that of the Angel who, meeting the fugitive Hagar in the wilderness, "said unto her, return to thy mistress, and submit thyself under her hand." Under the auspices of this school, new doctrines have been promulgated, public opinion perverted or over- awed, the arm of the law paralyzed, and even the records of certain States dishonored by enactments prohibiting that to be done, which the Constitution commands. The act of 1793, passed in good faith, has long ceased to be effectual. The South, patient under this grievous wrong, and still with deferred hope clinging to the Union, was con- tent to demand such additional legislation, as would de- volve upon federal officers and agents, responsible to fed- eral authorities, the enforcement of her right. The present congress has responded to this demand in a tardy, but full 18 JOURNAL OF THE measure of justice. At length all of practical detail, and of penal sanction, necessary to the execution of constitutional law, is to be found in the statute book. Now, is the grand test to be applied, whether or not, in this age of advanced civilization, and in this boasted model Republic, law is po- tent for the protection of right, clearly defined, and sol- emnly guaranteed by a written Constitution. If not, the ex- periment has failed. We draw no hasty conclusions from the claimed raised againstt his law, by the wicked authors of the mischief it was intended to remedy, nor yet from their show of forcible resistance to its execution. We will pre- dicate no extreme action upon their measures of repeal or of modification. From such sources we anticipated such demonstration. We hail with unaffected pleasure, grow- ing indications that where the greatest opposition exists, conservative men worthy sons of patriot sires, are organiz- ing against these contemners of law and order, are rallying to the rescue of the imperiled Union. There exists the real disaffection to it and there must the struggle for its pres- ervation be made calmly awaiting the issue, its friends at the South will recognize as brethren, its true defenders, at the North. But let them give heed to the warning voice of one of the Old lhirteen. She would say to them: "Be not de- ceived, the destiny of the Union is in your hands. Awake from your fatal dream of security. In the integrity of your patriotism, and the strength of united action, rise up against this disorganizing heresy. Assemble in the ven- erated hall wherein your forefathers and our forefathers together signed the Constitution, and redeem the CITY OF BROTHERLY LOVE from the reproach of nourish- ing its foe. Go up to Tammany and the Tabernacle, and expel from the NATIONAL EMPORIUM the genius of discord. Convene in time-honored Faneuil, and in the name of Washington exercise the evil spirit from the CRA- DLE OF AMERICAN LIBERTY. Everywhere,East,North, West, decree its banishment from the high places of power. Tou owe the country this lustratio?t. As for Georgia, her choice is fraternity and Union, with Constitutional rights — her alternative self-preservation by all the means which a favoring Providence may place at her disposal. To the end, therefore, that the position of this State may be clearly apprehended by her confederates of the South and of the North, and that she may be blameless of all future consequences — Be it resolved by the people of Georgia in Convention as- sembled 1st. That we hold the American Union secondary in importance only to the rights and principles it was de- signed to perpetuate; that past associations, present frui- tion, and future prospects, will bind us to it so long as it con- tinues to be the safeguard of those rights and principles. STATE CONVENTION. 19 Secondly. That if the thirteen original parties to the contract bordering the Atlantic in a narrow belt, while their separate interests were in embryo, their peculiar ten- dencies scarcely developed, their revolutionary trials and triumphs still green in memory, found Union impossible without Compromise, the thirty-one of this day may well yield somewhat, in the conflict of opinin and policy, to preserve that Union which has extended the sway of re- publican government over a vast wilderness, to another ocean, and proportionally advanced civilization and na- tional greatness. Thirdly. That in this spirit, the state of Georgia has maturely considered the action of Congress embracing a series of measures for the admission of California into the Union ; the organization of territorial Governments for Utah and New Mexico ; the establishment of a boundary between the latter and the State of Texas ; the suppression of the slave trade in the District of Columbia, and the extradition of fugitive slaves; and (connected with them) the rejection of propositions to exclude slavery from the Mexican territories and to abolish it in the District of Col- umbia; and whilst she does not wholly approve, will abide by it as a permanent adjustment of this sectional con- troversy. Fourthly. That the State of Georgia, in the judgment of this Convention, will and ought to resist, even (as a last re- sort) to a disruption of every tie which binds her to the Union, any future act of Congress, abolishing slavery in the District of Columbia, without the consent and petition of the slave owners thereof, or any act abolishing slavery in places within the slaveholding States, purchased by the United States for the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals, dock yards, navy yards, and other like purposes ; or in any act suppressing the slave trade between slaveholding States, < >r in any refusal to admit as a State any territory hereafter applying, because of the existence of slavery therein ; or in any act prohibiting the introduction of slaves into the ter- ritories of Utah and new Mexico, or in any act repealing or materially modifying the laws now in force for the re- covery of fugitive slaves. Fifthly. That it is the deliberate opinion of this Con- vention, that upon the faithfnl execution of the Fugitive Slave Bill by the proper authorities depends the preserva- tion of our much-loved Union. Mr. Toombs moved to agree to the preamble of the re- port — pending which motion the Convention, on motion of Mr. McDougald, adjourned until three o'clock, P. M. Three o'clock, p. m. The Convention met pursuant to adjournment , the Presi- dent in the Chair. 20 JOURNAL OF THE The Convention resumed the consideration of the unfin- ished business of the morning, to wit, the motion to agree to the preamble of the report of the Committee of Thirty- three. Mr. Jenkins moved to correct the same so as to make it correspond with the intention of the Committee, by striking- out of the sixth paragraph the following words, to wit: "Upon the expediency of this measure separately consid- ered, the people of Georgia are in some measure divided in opinion; upon the graver question of its constitutional- ity, still more so :" And inserting in lieu thereof the following : "Upon the expediency and unconstitutionality of this measure separately considered, the people of Georgia are di- vided in opinion;" which was agreed to. Mr. Lawton moved to take up the preamble by para- graphs ; on which motion the yeas and nays were required to be recorded, and are yeas 83, nays 176. Those who voted in the affirmative are Messrs. Atkinson, Adams of Putnam, Bailey, Belt, Baxter, Burney, Bradwell, Bryan of Macon, Branham, Blalock, Colleyof Baker, Col- lier of Baker, Cone, Cochran, Calder, Chastain of Union, Comer, Connelly, Cox, Dickson, Fuller, Flournoy, Garner, Granberry, Glenn of Henry, Gordon, Hughes, Hill of Troup, Hansell, Hackney, Hamilton, Holland, Humphries, Hymer, Irwin of Wilkes, Johnson of Hall, Jenkins of Richmond, Jones of Scriven, Kenan, Loveless, Lawson, Lesuere, Law- ton, McCune, Martin, Mabry, Moore, Morgan, Morris, Mc- Duffie, Morrow, Poeof Richmond, Palmer, Poythress, Pow- ell, Paine of Telfair, Petit, Pearce, Pinckard, Rawls, Robin- son of Jasper, Robinson of Macon, Riley, Russell, Starr, Smith of Camden, Smith of Twiggs, Speight Swain, Scar- lett, Seward, Thomas of Elbert, Thurmond, Tatum, Taylor, Vinson, Whitehead, Wright, Woodson, James L. Wilcox, Wilcox of Telfair, Wall, Wimberly— 83. Those who voted in the negative are Messrs. Akin, Ar- nold, Adams of Elbert, Alexander, Ashley, Adkins, Ander. son, Bird of Bryan, Bird of Gordon, Butt,Bartow,Bothwell, Boston, Blackshear, Bullock, Bivins, Burkes, Bass, Beall of Stewart, Brown, Barksdale, Beall of Upson, Bryant of Wayne, Colley of Walton, Collier of DeKalb, Collins of Bibb, Collins of Tattnall, Chandler, Cuyler, Calhoun, Chas- tain of Gilmer, Couper, Conner, Calloway, Clarke, Craw- ford, Castens, Culberson, Dyer, Davis, Dicldnson of Deca- tur, Dickerson, of Walker, Duffey, Doyal, Daniel, Demere, Dennis, Duggan, Dyson, Ezzard, Erwin of Forsyth, Evans, Fudge, Fannin, Flewellen, Fulwood, Glass, Gunnells, Gud- ger, Glenn of Oglethorpe, Guyton, Gilmer, Gatlin, Hull, STATE CONVENTION, 21 Hill of Clark, Hill of Walton, Harrison, Heard, Hampton, Hawkins, Hopps, Howard, Hendrix of Newton, Hendrick of Randolph, Harris of Newton, Harris of Taliaferro, Hutch- ison, Harvey, Holmes, Hall, Irwin of Cobb, Irwin of Lee, Johnson of Cass, Johnson of Clark, Johnson of Randolph, Janes, Jenkins, of Pike, Jones of Warren, Jamison, Jackson, Keith, Knox, King of Wayne, Lawhon, Lane, Little, Logan, Long, Latimer, Langmade, Montgomery, Matthews, Mc- Kaig, Murphey, Mitchell, Moody, McRae, McDougald, Morton, McGregor, Meriwether, Miller, Mathison, McAfee, McFaiiand, Moon, Neal, Osborn, Ogletree, Poe [of Bibb, Powers, Porter, Payne of Franklin, Parrott, Poullain, Pee- ples, Pratt, Philips, Phinizee, Rice of Carroll, Rice of Ran- dolph, Roebuck, Reese, Reeves, Ridley, Ross, Sanford, Scott, Smith of Pike, Sheats, Sermons, Staton, Slaughter, Sims of Coweta, Sims of Decatur, Stephens of Dade, Ste- phens of Taliaferro, Simmons, Stapleton,Spaulding, Stokes, Stephenson, Skinner, Strickland, Tumlim, Thomas of Han- cock, Toombs, J. W. H. Underwood, Joseph Underwood, Woffordof Cass,Worford of Habersham, Ward of Chatham, Wooten, Wikle, Watters, Ware, Weaver, Winn, George Wilcox, Wooldridge, Williamson, Willingham, White, Williford, Walker, Ward of Greene — 176. So the motion was lost. Mr. Seward moved to amend the preamble by striking out of the fifth paragraph the following words, to-wit: k 'The result is that partizans occupying extreme local po- sitions in the country, and holding diametrically opposite opinions upon the slavery question in all its phases, have vied with each other in clamorous denunciation of the set- tlement;" which motion was lost. The question then recurred on the motion of Mr. Toombs to agree to the preamble of the report ; on which motion the yeas and nays were required to be recorded, and are yeas 236, nays 23. Those who voted in the affirmative are Messrs. Akin, Ar- nold, Adams of Elbert, Adams of Putnam, Alexander, Ash- ley, Adkins, Anderson, Bird of Bryan, Bird of Gordon, Butt, Bartow, Belt, Bothwell, Boston, Baster Blackshear, Brad- well, Bryan of Macon, Bullock, Bivins, Burkes, Bass, Bran- ham, Blalock, Bell of Stewart, Brown, Barksdale, Beall of Upson, Bryant of Wayne, Colley of Baker, Colley of Walton, Collier of Baker, Collier of DeKalb, Collins of Bibb, Collins of Tattnall, Cone, Cochran, Chandler, Cuyler, Calder, Cal- houn, Chastainof Gilmer, Chastainof Union, Couper, Con- nelly, Conner, Cox, Calloway, Clark, Crawford, Castens, Cul- berson, Dyer, Davis, Dickinson of Decatur, Dickerson of Walker, Dickson, Dawson, DurTey, Doyal, Daniel, Demere, 22 JOURNAL OF THE Dennis, Duggan, Dyson, Ezzard, Erwin of Forsyth, Evans, Fuller, Fudge, Fannin Flewellen,Fulwood, Flournoy, Glass, Garner, Gunnells, Gudger, Granberry, Glenn of Henry, -Glenn of Oglethorpe, Guyton, Gilmer, Gatlin, Hull, Hill of Clark, Hill of Troup, Hill of Walton, Hansell, Harrison, Hackney, Hamilton, Heard, Hampton, Hawkins, Hymer, Hopps, Howard, Hendrix of Newton, Hendrick of Ran- dolph, Harris of Newton, Harris'of Taliaferro, Hutchison, Harvey, Holmes, Hall, Irwin of Cobb, Irvin of Lee, Irvin of Wilkes, Johnson of Cass, Johnson of Clarke, Johnson of Hall, Johnson of Randolph, Janes, Jenkins of Pike, Jenkins of Richmond, Jones of Warren, Jamison, Jackson, Kenan, Keith, Knox, King of Wayne, Lawhon, Lane, Lit- tle, Loveless, Logan, Lawson, Long, Lesuere, Latimer, Langmade Montgomery, Martin, Mathews, McKaig, Mur- phy, Mabry, Mitchell Moody, Moore, McRae, McDougald, Morton, McGregor, McDuffie, Meriwether, Miller, Mathison, McAfee, McFarland, Morrow, Moon, Neal, Osborn, Ogle- tree, Poe of Bibb, Poe of Richmand, Powers, Powell, Por- ter, Payne of Frankin, Paine of Telfair, Parrott, Poullain, Peeples, Pratt, Petit, Pearce, Phillips, Phinizee, Pinckard, Rawls, Rice of Carroll, Rice of Randolph, Roebuck, Robin- son of Macon, Riley, Russell, Reese, Reeves, Ridley, Ross, Sanford, Scott, Starr, Smith of Pike, Sheats, Sermans, Staton, Slaughter, Sims of Coweta, Sims of Decatur, Stephens of Dade, Stephens of Taliaferro, Swain, Scarlett, Simmons, Stapleton, Spalding, Stokes, Stephenson, Skin- ner, Strickland, Tumlin, Thomas of Elbert, Thomas of Hancock, Thurmond, Tatum, Taylor, Toombs, J. W H. Underwood, Joseph Underwood, Whitehead, Wofford of Cass, Wofford of Habersham, Wooten, Wikle, Waters, Ware, Weaver, Winn, Wright, Woodson, George Wilcox, Wilcox of Telfair, Wooldridge, Williamson, Willingham, White, Wall, Williford, Walker, Ward of Greene— 236. Those who voted in the negative are Messrs. Atkinson, Bailey, Burney, Comer, Gordon, Hughes, Holland, Hum- phries, Jones of Scriven, Lawton, McCune, Morgan, Morris, Palmer Poythress Robinson of Jasper, Smith of Camden, Smith of Twiggs, Speight, Seward, Vinson, James L. Wil- cox, Wimberly — 28. So the motion prevailed and the preamble was agreed to. On reading the first resolution, Mr. Meriwether moved to agree to the same; which motion was agreed to. On reading the second resolution, Mr. Cone, of Bulloch, moved to agree to the same; which was agreed to. On reading the third resolution, Mr. McCune moved to strike out the same, and insert in lieu thereof the follow- ing, to- wit : Resolved, That the State of Georgia has maturely consid- ered the action of Congress embracing a series of measures STATE CONVENTION. 28 for the admission of California into the Union ; the organi- zation of Territorial Governments for Utah and New Mexico, and the suppression of the slave trade in the Dis- trict of Columbia, and they, in the opinion of this Conven- tion, were unjust and oppressive to the South ; and we, the representatives of the Sovereign People of Georgia, do hereby enter our solemn protest against legislation so vio- lative of right and equality. Resolved, That the passage of the fugitive slave bill was but an act for the enforcement of a provision of the Con- stitution of the United States, which the South had a right to demand, and we believe the South never should have yielded any other right to have secured such a law. Resolved, That Congress should, in establishing Terri- torial Governments for Utah and New Mexico, have re- pealed all Mexican laws that offered impediments to the people of the North and South in carrying their property to those Territories ; and if there was doubt regarding the existence of those laws, that doubt should have been re- moved by legislative enactment. Mr. Irwin, of Cobb, called for a division of the question, and on the motion to strike out the resolution, the yeas and nays were required to be recorded, and are yeas 29, nays 230. Those who voted in the affirmative are Messrs. Atkin- son, Bailey, Burney, Colley of Baker, Collier of Baker, Cochran, Comer, Gordon, Hughes, Hamilton, Holland, Mor- ris, McDuffle, Palmer, Poythress, Robinson, of Jasper, Starr, Smith of Camden, Smith of Twiggs, Speight, Sew- ard, Vinson, James L. AVilcox, Wimberly — 29. Those who voted in the negative are Messrs. Akin, Ar- nold, Adams of Elbert, Adams of Putnam, Alexander, Ash- ley, Adkins, Anderson, Bird of Bryan, Bird of Gordon, Butt, Bartow, Belt, Bothwell, Boston, Baxter, Biackshear, Bradwell, Bryan of Macon, Bullock, Bivins, Burkes, Bass, Branham, Blalock, Beall of Stewart, Brown, Barksdale, Beall of Upson, Bryant of Wayne, Colley of Walton, Col- lier of DeKalb, Collins of Bibb, Collins of Tattnall, Cone,, Chandler, Cuyler, Calder, Calhoun, Chastain of Gilmer, Chastain of Union, Couper, Connelly, Conner, Cox, Callo- way, Clarke, Crawford, Castens. Culberson, Dyer, Davis, Dickenson of Decatur, Dickerson of Walker. Dickson, Dawson, Durfey. Doyal, Daniel. Demere, Dennis, Duggan, Dyson, Ezzard, Erwin of Forsyth, Evans, Fuller, Fudge, Fannin, Flewellen, Fulwood, Flournoy, Glass, Garner, Gun- nels. Gudger, Glenn of Henry, Glenn of Oglethorpe, Guy- ton, Gilmer, Gatlin, Hull, Hill of Clark, Hill of Troup, Hill of Walton, Hansell, Harrison, Hackney, Heard, Hampton, Hawkins. Hymer, Hopps, Howard, Hendrix of Newton, Hendrickof Randolph, Harris of Newton, Harris 24 JOURNAL OF THE of Taliaferro, Hutchison, Harvey, Holmes, Hull, Irwin of Cobb, Irvin of Lee, Irvin of Wilkes, Johnson of Cass, Johnson of Clark, Johnson of Hall, Johnson of Randolph, Janes, Jenkins of Pike, Jenkins of Ricnmond, Jones of Warren, Jamison, Jackson, Kenan, Keith, Knox, King of Monroe, King of Wayne, Lawhon, Lane, Little, Loveless, Logan, Lawson, Long, Lesuere, Latimer, Langmade, Montgomery, Martin, Mathews, McKaig, Murphey, Mabry, Mitchell, Moody, Moore, McRae, McDougald, Morton, Mc- Gregor, Meriwether, Miller, Mathison, McAfee, McFarland, Morrow, Moon, Neal, Osborn, Ogletree, Poe of Bibb, Poe of Richmond, Powers, Powell, Porter, Payne of Franklin, Paine of Telfair, Parrott, Poullain, Peoples, Pratt, Petit, Pearce, Phillips, Phinizee, Pinckard, Rawls, Rice of Car- roll, Rice of Randolph, Roebuck, Robinson of Macon, Riley, Russell, Reese, Reeves, Ridley, Ross, Sanford, Scott, Smith of Pike, Sheats, Sermons, Staton, Slaughter, Sims of Coweta, Sims of Decatur, Stephens of Dade, Stephens of Taliaferro, Swain, Scarlett, Simmons, Stapleton, Spalding, Stokes, Stephenson, Skinner, Strickland, Tumlin, Thomas of Elbert, Thomas of Hancock, Thurmond, Tatum, Taylor, Toombs, J. W. H. Underwood, Joseph Underwood, Whitehead, Wotrord of Cass,Wofford of Habersham, Ward of Chatham, Wooten, Wikle, Watters, Ware, Weaver, Winn, Wright, Woodson, George Wilcox, Wilcox of Telfair, Wooldridge, Williamson, Willingham. White, Wall, Williford, Walker, Ward of Greene— 230. So the motion was lost. On motion, the Convention adjourned until to-morrow morning, half past nine o'clock. MILLEDGEVILLE, SATURDAY, / December 14th, 1850. \ The Convention met pursuant to adjournment. Prayer was offered by the Rev. Mr. Baker. Mr. Cox asked and obtained leave to change his vote on the motion to strike out the third resolution reported by the Committee of Thirty-three, (33,) and so his vote was ac- cordingly recorded on the Journal of yesterday in the nega- tive. The Convention proceeded to the unfinished business of yesterday, to wit, the fourth resolution reported by the Committee of Thirty-three. On motion of Mr. Hull, the same was amended by strik- STATE CONVENTION . 29 Montgomery, Martin, Murphey, Matthews, Mitchell, Moore, Morgan, Morris, McDougald, Morton, McGregor, McDume, Meriwether, Miller, McAfee, Morrow, Moon, Poe of Bibb, Poe of Richmond. Poythress, Powell, Porter, Payne of Franklin, Paine of Telfair, Parrott,Poullain, Peeples, Pitts. Phillips, Phinizee, Pinckard, Rawls, Rice of Carroll, Rice of Randolph, Roebuck, Robinson of Jasper, Robinson of Macon, Reese, Ross, Starr, Smith of Pike, Smith of Twiggs, Sheats, Sermans, Staton, Slaughter, Sims of Coweta, Ste- phens of Taliaferro, Speight, Swain, Scarlett, Simmons, Stapleton, Spalding, Stokes, Stephenson, Skinner, Strick- land, Seward, Tumlin, Thomas of Elbert, Thurmond, Ta- tum. Seward, Tumlin. Thomas of Elbert, Thurmond, Ta- wood, Vinson, Whitehead. WofTord of Cass, WorTord of Habersham, Ward of Chatham. Watters, Ware, Weaver. Winn, Wright, Woodson, George Wilcox, James L. Wil- cox, Wilcox of Telfair, Wooldridge, Willingham, White, Wall, Wimberly, Walker, Ward of Greene— 200. ' So the motion to strike out was lost. On motion of Mr. Meriwether, the Convention adjourn- edtill 4 o'clock, P. M. Four o'clock, p. m. The Convention met pursuant to adjournment, Mr. Mil- ler, one of the Vice Presidents, in the Chair. The Convention resumed the consideration of the unfin- ished business of the morning, to wit , the resolutions report- ed by the Committee of Thirty-three ; and on reading the fifth resolution, Mr. Lawton moved to amend the same by striking out the words "by the proper authorities on which motion the yeas and nays were required to be re- recorded, and are yeas 24, nays 230. Those who voted in the affirmative are Messrs. Atkinson, Adams of Putnam, Bailey, Burney, Branham, Collier of Baker, Cochran, Comer, Gordon, Hughes, Holland, Humphries, Jones of Scriven, Lawton, Morgan, Morris, Pitts, Robinson of Jasper, Starr, Smith of Camden, Smith of Twiggs, Speight, Vinson, Wimberly — 24. Those who voted in the negative are Messrs. Akin, Ar- nold, Adams of Elbert, Alexander, Adkins, Anderson, Bird of Bryan, Bird of Gordon, Butt, Bartow, Bothwell, Boston, Baxter, Blackshear, Bradwell, Bryan of Macon, Bullock, 30 JOURNAL OF THE Bivins, Burkes, Bass, Blalock, Bell of Stewart, Brown, Barksdale, Beall of Upson, Bryant of Wayne, Colley of Baker, Colley of Walton, Collier of DeKalb, Collins of Bibb, Collins of Tattnall, Cone, Chandler, Cuyler, Calder, Calhoun, Chastain of Gilmore, Chastain of Union, Couper, Connelly, Conner, Cox, Calloway, Crawford, Castens, Culberson, Dyer, Davis, Dickinson of Decatur, Dick- erson of Walker, Dickson, Dawson, DufTey, Doyal, Daniel, Demere, Dennis, Duggan, Dyson, Ezzard, Erwin of For- syth, Evans, Fuller, Fudge, Fannin, Flewellen, Fulwood, Fkurnoy, Glass, Garner, Gunnells, Gudger, Granberry, Glenn of Henry, Glenn of Oglethorpe, Guyton, Gilmer, Gatlin, Hull, Hill of Clark, Hill of Troup, Hill of Walton, Hansell, Harrison, Hackney, Hamilton, Heard, Hampton, Hawkins, Hymer, Howard, Hendrix of Newton, Hendrick of Randolph, Harris of Newton, Harris of Taliaferro ^Hutch- ison, Harvey, Holmes, Hall, Irwin of Cobb, Irvin of Lee, Irvin of Wilkes, Johnson of Cass, Johnson of Clark, John- son of Hall, Johnson of Randolph, Janes Jenkins of Pike, Jenkins of Richmond, Jones of Warren, Jamison, Jackson, Kenan, Keith, Knox, King of Monroe, King of Wayne, Lawhon, Lane, Little, Loveless, Logan, Lawson, Long, Les- uere, Latimer, Langmade, Montgomery, Martin, Matthews, McKaig, Murphey, Mabry, Mitchell, Moore, McRae, Mc- Dougald, Morton, McGregor, McDuffie, Meriwether, Miller, Mathison, McAfee, McFarland, Morrow, Moon, Neal, Os- born, Ogletree, Poe of Bibb, Poe of Richmond, Powers, Palmer, Powell, Porter, Payne of Franklin, Paine of Tel- fair , Parrott, Poullain , Peeples , Pratt , Petit , Pearce , Phillips, Phinizee, Pinckard, Rawls, Rice of Carroll, Rice of Ran- dolph, Roebuck, Robinson of Macon, Riley, Reeves, Russell, Reese, Ridley, Ross, Sanford, Scott, Smith of Pike, Sheats, Sermans, Staton, Slaughter, Sims of Coweta, Sims of De- catur, Stephens of Dade, Stephens of Taliaferro, Swain, :Scarlett, Simmons, Stapleton, Stokes, Stephenson, Skinner, Strickland, Seward, Tumlin, Thomas of Elbert, Thomas of Hancock, Thurmond, Tatum, Taylor, Toombs, J. W. H. Underwood, Joseph Underwood,- Whitehead, WorTord of Habersham, Ward of Chatham, Wootten, Wikle, Watters, Ware, Weaver, AVinn, Wright, Woodson, George Wilcox, James L. Wilcox, Wilcox of Telfair, Wooldridge, Wil- liamson, Willinsham, White, Wall, Williford, Walker, Ward of Greene— 230. So the motion was lost. On motion of Mr. Jenkins, of Richmond, the word "law" was inserted in lieu of the word "bill" in the resolution. Mr. Seward moved to amend the resolution by inserting after the word "authorities," the following words, to wit: STATE CONVENTION. HI ''And without the resistance of the non-slaveholding States or their citizens:" which motion was lost. The resolution was then agreed to. Mr. Lawton offered the following resolution as an amendment to the report, to wit : 1st. Resolved, That the States as separate and equal sovereignties formed the Constitution. 2d. Resolved, That each State by its own convention de- liberated upon and determined for itself the question of the ratification or rejection'of that Constitution, and that it came into the Union by its own sovereign and voluntary act. 8d. Resolved, That therefore this is a Union of consent, not of force, and that the Government, which is the crea- ture of the States, has no power to coerce by military force the sovereignties which created it. 4th. Resolved, That each State, in view of the voluntary nature of the Union, has the right , in virtue of its indepen- dence and sovereignty, of seceding from the Union, when- ever the people thereof, in their highest sovereign capacity, shall determine such a step to be necessary to effect their safety or happiness. 5th. Resolved, That whenever the Government, by an exertion of all the common forces, or an application of the common funds of all. acquires territory, it is the duty of that Government to secure to all equality of rights in such territory, and to remove all impediments within its power to the enjoyment of this equality of rights. 6th. Resolved, That the Federal Government has no right to withhold its protection from any species of property or section of the confederacy ; and that any attempt to do so will as clearly evince the hostility of the Government to that property or section as would any act of legislative hostility. 7th. Resolved, That the principals of constitutional equality enunciated in the two immediately foreging reso- lutions were violated in the several acts of the last session of Congress for the admission of California into the Union as a State, for the formation of Territorial Governments for Xew Mexico and Utah, and in the bill abolishing the slave trade in the District of Columbia. Sth. Resolved, That the bill for the recovery of fugitive slaves is due to the South by a clear provision of the Consti- tution, and should be faithfully enforced by the people of the non-slave-holding States : but that the law of the late session of Congress was demoralized at it birth by the gen- eral refusal of the Senators and Representatives of the non- slaveholding States to vote for it. 32 JOURNAL OF THE 9th. Resolved, That should its m odification or repeal be attempted, it is the opinion of this Convention that Southern Senators and Representatives should decline to vote, and thus leave it as a question of good faith in the hands of those among whose constituents it should be en- forced. 10th. Resolved, That this Convention is of opinion that the modification, repeal or non-enforcement of the fugi- tive slave law, the abolition of slavery in the District of Columbia, or the trade in slaves between the States, or the refusal to admit a State into the Union with a Constitution tolerating slavery, should be regarded by the Southern peo- ple as amounting to a dissolution of the Union. 11th. Resolved, That the Convention recommend to the people of Georgia to refuse to meet or join the people of the North in a National caucus, or to hold any political connec- tion with national parties, so long as our constitutional rights are disregarded and Southern institutions are as- sailed by the people of the North. 12th. Resolved, That we now solemnly appeal to the peo- ple of Georgia to sustain us in our efforts to save the con- stitutional Union of our Fathers, and vindicate the honor and equal rights of the South. 13th Resolved, That these resolutions be referred to the people of Georgia for their approval, and that we do most earnestly invoke their calm, deliberate, united and har- monious consideration, of the principles therein expressed. And on the motion to agree to the same, it was decided in the negative. Mr. Ridley moved to agree to the report of the Committee of Thirty-three as amended ; on which motion the yeas and nays were required to be recorded, and yeas 237, nays 19. Those who voted in the affirmative are Messrs-. Akin, Ar- nold, Adams of Elbert, Adams of Putnam, Alexander, Ash- ley, Adkins, Anderson, Bird of Bryan, Bird of Gordon, Butt, Bartow, Bothwell, Boston, Baxter, Blackshear, Bradwell, Bryan of Macon, Bullock, Bivins, Burkes, Bass, Branham, Blalock, Beall of Stewart, Brown, Barksdale, Beall of Upson, Bryant of Wayne, Colley of Baker, Colley of Walton, Collier of Baker, Collier of DeKalb, Collins of Bibb, Collins of Tattnall, Cone, Chandler, Cuyler, Calder, Calhoun, Chastain of Gilmer, Chastain of Union, Couper, Connelly, Conner, Cox, Calloway, Clark, Castens, Culberson, Dyer, Davis, Dickinson of Decatur, Dickerson of Walker, Dickson, Dawson, DufTey, Doyal, Daniel, Demere, Dennis, Duggan, Dyson, Ezzard, Erwin of Forsyth, Evans, Fuller, Fudge, Fannin, Flewellen, Fulwood, Flournoy, Glass, STATE CONVENTION. 25 ing out the word "in" where it occurred improperly in the resolution. Mr. Reese moved to amend by striking out the word "fu- ture,'* so as to make the resolution read "any act of Con- gress abolishing slavery in the District of Columbia which was agreed to. Mr. Cone moved to amend by striking out the words "without the consent and petition of the slave owners thereof ;" on which motion, the yeas and nays were re- quired to be recorded, and are yeas 214, nays 45. Those who voted in the affirmative are Messrs. Atkinson, Arnold, Adams of Elbert. Adams of Putnam, Alexan- der, Ashley, Adkins, Anderson, Bird of Bryan. Bird of Gordon Bailey, Butt, Bartow, Bothwell. Boston. Burney, Black- shear, Bradwell. Bryan of Macon, Bullock, Bivins, Burkes, Branham. Blalock, Beall of Stewart, Brown, Barksdale, Beall of Upson, Bryant of Wavne, Collev of Baker, Col- ley of Walton, Collier of Baker. Collier of DeKalb. Col- lins of Tattnall, Cone. Cochran, Cuyler, Calhoun, Chastain of Union, Couper, Comer, Connelly, Conner, Calloway, Clarke. Crawford. Castens. Culberson. Davis. Dickinson of Decatur, Dickson, Dawson, Duffey, Doyal, Daniel, De- mere, Dennis, Duggan, Dyson. Ezzard. Erwin of Forsyth, Evans, Fuller, Fudge, Fleweilen, Flournoy, Garner, Gun- nels, Granberry, Glenn of Henry, Glenn of Oglethorpe, Guy ton , Gordon , Gilmer , Gatlin , Hughes , Hull , Hillof Clark , Hill of Walton, Hansell, Harrison, Hackney. Hamilton, Heard. Hampton, Holland, Humphries, Hawkins. Hopps, Howard, Hendrix of Newton, Herdrick of Randolph, Har- ris of Xewton, Harris of Taliaferro. Hutchison. Harvey, Holmes. Hall. Irwin of Cobb, Irvin of Lee. Irvin of Wilkes, Johnson of Randolph, Janes, Jenkins of Pike, Jenkins of Richmond, Jones of Scriven, Jones of Warren, Jamison. Jackson, Keith, Knox, King of Monroe, King of Wayne, Lane, Little, Logan, Lawson, Lesuere, Lawton. Langmade, McCune. Montgomery, Martin, Murphey, Mabry. Mitchell, Moody. Moore, Morgan. McRae. Morris, McDougald. Mor- ton. McGregor, McDuffle. Meriwether. Miller. Mathison. McAfee, Morrow. Moon. Xeal, Osborn, PoeofBibb. Poe of Richmond. Palmer. Poythress. Powell, Porter. Pavne of Franklin, Paine of Telfair, Poullain, Peeples, Pratt, Pitts, Phillips. Phinizee. Rawis. Rice of Randolph. Roebuck, Robinson of Jasper. Robinson of Macon, Reeves, Ridley, Ross. Sanford. Starr. Smith of Camden, Smith of Pike, Smith of Twiggs. Sheats. Sermans, Staton. Slaughter. Sims of Decatur, Stephens of Taliaferro, Speight, Swain, Scarlett. Simmons, Stapleton. Stokes, Stephenson Skin- ner. Strickland, Seward, Tumlin, Thomas of Elbert Thur- mond, Tatum. Taylor. Toombs. J. W. H. L'nderwood, 26 JOURNAL OF THE Joseph Underwood, Vinson, Whitehead, WofTord of Ha- bersham, Ward of Chatham, Wootten, Watters, Ware, Weaver, Woodson, George Wilcox, James L. Wilcox, Wilcox of Telfair, Wooldridge, Williamson, Willingham, White, Wall, Williford, Wimberly, Ward of Greene— 214. Those who voted in the negative are Messrs. Akin, Baxter, Bass, Chandler, Calder, Chastain of Gilmer, Cox, Dyer, Dickerson of Walker, Fannin, Fulwood, Glass. Gud- ger, Hill of Troup, Hymer, Johnson of Cass, Johnson of Clark, Johnson of Hall, Kenan, Lawhon, Loveless, Long, Latimer, Matthews, McKaig, McFarland, Ogletree, Powers, Parrott, Petit, Pearce, Pinckard, Rice of Carroll, Riley, Russell, Reese, Scott, Sims of Coweta, Stephens of Dade, Spalding, Thomas of Hancock, Wikle, Winn, Wright, Walker— 45. So the motion prevailed. Mr. Hansell moved to amend by striking out the words, "any act of Congress abolishing slavery in the District of Columbia, or any act abolishing slavery in places within the slaveholding States, purchased by the United States, for the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals, dock yards, navy yards, and other like purposes," and insert in lieu thereof the following words : "Any action of Congress up- on the subject of slavery in the District of Columbia, or in places subject to the jurisdiction of Congress, incompati- ble with the safety, the rights and the honor of the slave- holding States." Mr. Stephens, of Taliaferro, moved to amend the amend- ment by inserting after the word "safety," the words "domestic tranquility;" which was agreed to. Mr. Seward called for a division of the question, and on the motion to strike out, the yeas and nays were required to be recorded, and are yeas 155, nays 100. Those who voted in the affirmative are Messrs. Akin, Adams of Elbert, Alexander, Butt, Belt, Bothwell, Baxter, Blackshear,Bradwell,Bivins, Burkes, Bass, Bell of Stewart, Brown, Barksdale, Colley of Walton, Cone, Connelly, Cox, Calloway, Crawford, Culberson, Dyer, Dickinson of Deca- tur, Dawson, Duffey, Doyal, Dennis, Fannin, Flewellen, Glass, Garner, Gunnels, Granberry, Glenn of Oglethorpe, Guyton, Gilmer, Gatlin, Hull, Hill of Clark, Hill of Troup, Hill of Walton, Hansell, Hampton, Hymer, Howard, Hen- drix of Newton, Harris of Newton, Harris of Taliaferro, Hutchison, Harvey, Holmes, Irwin of Cobb, Irvin of Lee, Irvin of Wilkes, Johnson of Cass, Johnson of Clark, John- son of Hall, Johnson of Randolph, Janes, Jenkins of Rich- mond, Jones of Warren, Jamison, Jackson, Keith, Knox, STATE CONVENTION. 27 King of Wayne, Lawhon, Lane, Logan, Lawson, Long, Lesuere, Langmade, Montgomery, Martin, McKaig, Mur- phey, Mabry, Moore, McRae, McDougald, Morton, McGre- gor, McDuffie, Meriwether, Miller, Mathison, McAfee. Mc- Farland, Morrow, Moon, Neal, Osborn, Ogletree, Poe of Richmond, Powers, Paine of Telfair, Parrott. Poullain, Peeples, Pratt. Petit. Pearce, Phillips, Phinizee, Rawls, Robinson of Macon, Riley, Russell, Reese, Reeves, Ridley, Ross, Sanford, Scott, Smith of Pike, Sheats, Sermans, Sta- ton, Slaughter, Sims of Coweta, Sims of Decatur, Stephens of Taliaferro, Swain, Scarlett, Simmons, Spalding, Stokes, Stephenson, Skinner, Strickland, Tumlin, Thomas of Elbert, Thomas of Hancock, Thurman, Tatum, Toombs, J. W. H. Underwood, Joseph L r nderwood, Wofford of Cass, Wofford of Habersham, Wooten, Wikle, Watters, Ware, Weaver, Winn, Wright, Woodson, Williamson, Willing- ham, Wall, Williford, Ward of Greene — 155. Those who voted in the negative are Messrs. Atkinson, Arnold, Adams of Putnam, Ashley, Adkins, Anderson, Bird of Bryan, Bird of Gordon, Bailey, Bartow, Boston, Bur- ney, Bryan of Macon, Bullock, Branham, Blalock, Beallof Upson, Brvant of Wavne. Collev of Baker, Collier of Ba- ker, Colliei 1 of DeKalb, Collins of Bibb, Collins of Tattnall, Cochran, Chandler, Cuyler, Calder, Calhoun, Chastain of Gilmer, Chastain of Union, Couper, Comer, Conner, Clark, Davis, Dickerson of Walker, Dickson, Daniel, Demere, Duggan, Dyson, Ezzard, Erwin of Forsyth, Fuller. Fudge, Fulwood, Flournoy, Gudger, Glenn of Henry, Gordon, Hughes, Hackney, Hamilton, Heard, Holland, Humphries, Hawkins, Hopps, Hendrick of Randolph, Hall, Jenkins of Pike, Jones of Scriven, Little, Loveless, Lawton, McCune, Mathews, Mitchell, Moody, Morgan, Morris, Poe of Bibb, Palmer, Poythress, Powell, Porter, Payne of Franklin, Pitts, Pinckard, Rice of Carroll. Rice of Randolph, Roebuck, Robinson of Jasper, Starr, Smith of Camden, Smith of Twiggs, Speight, Stapleton, Seward, Taylor, Vinson, Whitehead, Ward of Chatham, George Wilcox, James L. Wilcox, Wilcox of Telfair, Wooldridsce, White, Wimberly, Walker— 100. So the motion prevailed. The motion to insert was then agreed to. Mr. Johnson, of Hall, moved to amend by striking out of the resolution the following words, to wit, ''even (as a last resort,) to a disruption of every tie which binds her to the Union;'' which motion was lost. Mr. Cox moved to strike out the whole resolution as amended, and insert in lieu thereof the following, to wit : 28 JOURNAL OF THE That the State of Georgia, in the judgment of this Con- vention, will and ought not to consent to any act of legisla- tion by the Congress of the United States upon the subject of slavery, or any interference with the institution of slave- ry either in the States or territories of this confederacy, so as to affect the rights of persons owning such property ; and that she will regard any and all such acts as wholly uncon- stitutional, and unauthorized by that instrument, being re- solved to take such action in the case of such violations, or the passage of any such law affecting the rights of the own- er of such property, as the necessity of emergencies of the case may require. Mr. Seward called for a division of the question; and on the motion to strike out, the yeas and nays were required to be recorded, and are yeas 50, nays 200. Those who voted in the affirmative are Messrs. Atkinson, Adams of Putnam, Adkins, Baxter, Bass, Bell of Stewart, Clark, Crawford, Dyer, Dickerson of Walker, Dennis, Flewellen, Granberry, Gilmer, Hymer, Hendrix of New- ton, Harris of Newton, Harvey, Johnson of Cass, Johnson of Hall, Jones of Warren, Jamison, Kenan, Lawhon, Long, McKaig, Mabry, Moody, McRae, McFarland, Neal, Os- ;born, Ogletree, Powers, Pratt, Petit, Pearce, Riley, Russell, Reeves, Ridley, Sanford, Scott, Smith of Camden, Sims of Decatur, Stephens of Dade, Thomas of Hancock, Wooten, Wikle, Williford— 50. Those who voted in the negative are Messrs. Akin, Ar- nold, Adams of Elbert, Alexander, Ashley, Anderson, Bird of Bryan, Bird of Gordon, Bailey, Butt, Bartow, Bothwell, Boston, Burney, Blackshear, Bradwell, Bryan of Macon, Bullock, Bivins, Burkes, Branham, Blalock, Brown, Beall of Upson, Bryant of Wayne, Colley of Baker, Colley of Walton, Collier of Baker, Collier of DeKalb, Collins of Bibb, Collins of Tattnall, Cone, Cochran, Chandler, Cuyler, Galder, Calhoun, Chastain of Gilmer, Chastain of Union, Couper, Comer, Connelly, Conner, Cox, Calloway, Culber- son, Davis, Dickson, Dawson, Duffey, Doyal, Daniel, De- mere, Duggan, Dyson, Ezzard, Erwin of Forsyth, Evans, Fuller, Fudge, Fannin, Fulwood, Flournoy, Glass, Garner, Gunnels, Glenn of Henry, Glenn of Oglethorpe, Guyton, Gordon, Gatlin, Hughes, Hull, Hill of Clark, Hill of Troup, Hill of Walton, Hansell, Hackney, Hamilton, Heard, Hampton, Holland, Humphries, Hawkins, Hopps, How- ard, Hendrick of Randolph, Harris of Taliaferro, Hutchi- son, Holmes, Hall, Irwin of Cobb, Irvin of Lee, Irvin of Wilkes, Johnson of Clark, Johnson of Randolph, Janes, Jenkins of Pike, Jenkins of Richmond, Jones of Scriven, Jackson, Keith, Knox, King of Wayne, Lan°, Little, Loveless, Logan, Lawson, Lesuere, Langmade, McCune, STATE CONVENTION. 33 Garner, Gunnells, Gudger, Granberry, Glenn of Henry, Glenn of Oglethorpe, Guvton,Gatlin, Hughes. Hull, Hill of Clark, Hill of Troup, Hill of Walton, Hansell, Harrison, Hackney, Hamilton, Heard, Hampton, Hawkins, Hymer, Hopps, Howard, Hendrix of Newton, Hendrick of Ran- dolph, Harris of Newton, Harris of Taliaferro, Hutchison,- Harvey, Holmes, Hall, Irwin of Cobb, Irvin of Lee, Irvin of Wilkes. Johnson of Cass, Johnson of Clark, Johnson of Hall, Johnson of Randoph, Janes, Jenkins of Pike, Jenkins of Richmond, Jones of Warren, Jamison, Jackson, Kenan, Keith, Knox, King of Monroe, King of Wayne, Lawhon, Lane, Little, Loveless, Logan, Lawson, Long, Les« uere, Latimer, Langmade, Montgomery, Martin, Mathews, McKaig, Murphy, Mabry, Mitchell, Moody, Moore, Mc- Dougald, Morton, McGregor, McDuffie, Meriwether, Mil- ler, Mathison, McAfee, McFarland, Morrow, Moon, Neal, Osborn, Ogletree, Poe of Bibb, Poe of Richmond, Powers, Palmer, Poythress, Powell, Porter, Payne of Franklin, Paine of Telfair, Parrott, Poullain, Peeples, Pratt, Petit, Pearce, Phillips, Phinizee, Pinckard, Rawls, Rice of Car- roll, Rice of Randolph, Roebuck, Robinson of Macon, Ri- ley, Russell, Reese, Reeves, Ridley, Ross, Sanford, Starr, Smith of Pike, Smith of Twiggs, Sheats, Sermans, Staton, Slaughter. Sims of Coweta, Sims of Decatur, Stephens of Dade, Stephens of Taliaferro, Swain, Scarlett, Simmons,, Stapleton, Stokes, Stephenson, Skinner, Strickland, Turn- lin, Thomas of Elbert, Thomas of Hancock, Thurmond, Ta- tum, Taylor, Toombs, J. W. H. Underwood, Joseph Under- wood, Whitehead, WofTord of Cass, WofTord of Habersham, Ward of Chatham, Wootten, Wikle, Watters,Ware, Weaver,. Winn, Wright, Woodson, George Wilcox, James L. Wilcox,. Wilcox of Telfair, Wooldridge, Williamson, Willingham, White, Wall, Williford, Wimberly, Walker, Ward of Greene— 237. Those who voted in the negative are Messrs. Atkinson, Bailey, Burney, Cochran, Comer, Crawford, Gordon, Holland, Humphries, Jones of Scriven, Lawton, Morgan, McRae, Morris, Pitts, Robinson of Jasper, Smith of Cam- den, Speight, Vinson — 19. So the motion prevailed. On motion of Mr. Cone, Mr. Sanford was added to the Auditing Committee. Mr. Moore laid upon the table the following resolutions, which were taken up, read, and agreed to : Resolved, That the Journal of this Convention be signed by the President and Vice Presidents, and countersigned by the Secretary, and that the same be delivered to the Secre- tary of State, to be filed among the archives of the State. 84 JOURNAL OF THE STATE CONVENTION. Resolved, That His Excellency the Governor be and he is hereby requested to cause copies of the Journal of this Convention to be distributed among the counties of this State, after five thousand copies thereof shall have been printed according to a previous resolution of this body ; and that he be requested to forward-copies of the exposi- tion and resolutions adopted by this Convention to the President and Heads of Departments of the United States, the Senators and Representatives of this State in Congress, and to the Governors of the respective States of the Union, and also a copy to each member of this Convention. Mr. McDougald laid upon the table the following resolu- tions, which were taken up, read, and agreed to, to wit : Resolved-, That the Delegates of this Convention, in the name and on the behalf of the people of Georgia, do raise by voluntary contribution a fund sufficient to purchase and prepare a block of marble to be presented to the Washing- ton National Monument, with the inscription thereon of the coat of arms of this State, and also "Georgia Conven- tion, December, 1850." And be it further resolved, That said sum be paid to the Secretary of this Convention, and that he be requested to execute this resolution, and to transmit any surplus of said fund to the Committee of the Washington National Monument. Mr. Akin laid upon the table the following resolution, to wit : Resolved, That the thanks of this Convention be and are .hereby tendered to the presiding officers and Secretaries of this Convention for the able and satisfactory manner in which they have discharged their duties ; which was taken up, read and unanimously agreed to. The Vice Presidents addressed the Convention, when on motion of Mr. Akin, the Convention adjourned sine die. THOMAS SPALDING, President. WILLIAM B. WOFFORD, Vice President. ANDREW J. MILLER, Vice President. JtoBERT So Lanier, Secretary. Gaylord Bros. Makers Syracuse, N Y. PAT. JAN. 21, 1908 Georgia. Convention. 1850 J ou r n a l. . . L37639