Salt Rheum or Eczema,
Ring Worm, Psoriasis, Tet-
y\ N --/)rv-
ter, Pemphigus, Impetigo, To'-,? >x.)
Leprosy, Prurigo, Barber's ^
SALT RHUEM. Itch, Milk i Crust, Dandruff, SCALD HEAD,
ckson's Itch, Scald Head, Ulcers and Old Sores.
(uticura
THE GREAT
SKIN CURE,
INFALLIBLY CURES
MESSRS. WEEKS & POTTER, Druggists and Chemists.
OF BOSTON, MASS , respectfully inform the public and those j
afflicted with, apparently incurable affections of the Skin and Scalp, that they have suc- |
ceeded after eight years of study and experiment in obtaining from Original Products, ;
ilever, they believe, before used in medicine, a purely Skin and Scalp Specific of the
consistence of jelly, which they believe to be an infallible cure for every kind of i>kin j
Disease, from the worst cases of Salt Rheum to Scald head or Dandruff.
Wonderful Cures.—Hon. Wm Taylor, Boston, State Senator, cured of humor of
the face and scalp of twelve years duration. Had visited Europe, and been treated by the
highest medical authorities.
Chas. Houghton, Esq , lawyer, 17 Congress Street, Boston, certifies to a cure of Salt
Rheum, which for ten years had resisted all remedies and methods of treatment
CUTICURA ha» cured hundreds of affections of the Skin and Scalp, when all known"
remedies and the best physicians had failed.
SOLD BY ALL DRUGGISTS.
Price 50 Cents and $1.00 Mailed on receipt of Price.
The CUTICURA SOAP should be used for cleansing the skin and scalp.
GRAND FALL OPENING
■ IN
ALL DEPARTMENTS.
\mmm temptations
-TO-
ECONOMICAL PEOPLE.
WM, S. BUTLER & CO.
90 & 92 TREMONT ST.,
— AND —
COOLIDGE, SMITH 4 CO.
70 & 72 TREMONT ST.
r^JJ _ IL—,
(Turchased with fundsfromthe-?
CHARLES DE ERIN G
McCORMTCK
ENDOWMENT
THE GIFT OF HIS WIFE
CNorthweftern University {ibrart£j
Tp ' [fw
(uticura Soap
FOR
CUTANEOUS AFFECTIONS.
The Toilet, Bath and Nursery.
CUTICURA SOAP contains in a modified form all the medicinal prop¬
erties of CUTICURA, the Great Skin Cnre, which have rendered the Utter the
most famous 8km and Scalp remedy ever prepared. It is medicinial in the truest
sense of the word, and yet rivals in exquisite fragrance the finest Parisian soaps.
For Skin and Scalp Affections. —While it maybe need as an
auxiliary in the treatment of all forms of Skin and ticalp Diseases, we do not of course
recommend it to cure the great skin and scalp affections named in the CUTICURA
circular. But for cleansing these surfaces when removing the CU TI CU RA» or
before applying it, for washing ulcers, old sores and discharging wounds, burns,
scalds, and all scaly eruptions and inflammations, it is of marvellous efficacy.
For the Complexion. — For preserving, freshening and beautifying the
complexion, lor removing the effects of tan and sunburn, for softening the hands, for
cleansing, invigorating and purifying the skin, for removing all impacted, clogged or
morbid conditions of the pores, oil glands and tubes, and freeing them from the inju¬
rious effects of chalks and cosmetic washes, the CUTICURA SOAP ranks fore¬
most among its thousand and one eager rivals.
For Gentlemen who àhave, and are troubled with -humors of the
heard, will find it preserves the skin from bar bar's itch, Jackson's Itch, salt rheum,
tetter, ring-worm, etc. It is the best Shaving Soap before the public, apart from its
great value otherwise.
For the Young- — Mothers may feel assured that this soap owes none of
its efficacy to caustic Chemicals or virulent poisons It is safe, innocent and effica¬
cious. Hepce we freely recommend it fbr the young, since it heals chafing-, irrita¬
tions, burning and prickly heat, milk crust, scurvy head, and all roughness, iichings.
and eruptions, removes unwholesome odors of the skin, and furnishes an outlet for
many unhealthy conditions of the systems of children and infants.
For the Bath and Nursery is a luxury of luxuries; for while its
medical properties.heal all abrasions, irriiati ins and inflammations of the skin, iis
delightful odor leaves a delicate and ensuring fragrance, rivalled only by the most
exquisite productions of the Parisian perfumers. For shampooing the scalp, and re¬
moving the germs of scaly aud crusted scalp affections, it is mfallible.
PREPARED BY
WEEKS & POTTER, Chemists and Druggists,
BOSTON,
AND SOLD liV ALL DRUGGISTS.
PRICE 35 Cents. By Mail 30 Cents. 3 Cakes 75'Cents-
Invite carefnl attention to their
ELEGANT
For Ladies. Misses and Children, embrac¬
ing every new idea in
—H .A.TS ■
(«eluding all varieties in FELT AND STRAW.
rLOWERS,
French and American, from highest to lowest
price.
ORNAMENTS,
A. IT-all Line in JET, STEEL A.ND 0-I3LT,
RIBBONS,
Gros-Grain, for Sash, Hair, and Sleeves,
In all new shades, with Velvets to match,
tST AH goods in this department are offered at prices much lower than
last year.
HOSIERY
Of every description at Bargains! Every make, every bIzc, every
grade, every article that can be called for
in the department.
IH UNDERGARMENTS
For Ladies, Gentlemen, Misses, Boys and Children,
We defy competition in quantity, quality and price.
TREMENDOUS ASSORTMENT OF
SIMILIL, WARES,
Embracing Soaps, Perfumery, Jewelry, Buttons, Cotton,
Sewing Silk, Pins, Needles, Brushes, Combs, Cotton
Trimmings, Trinkets, &c., &c ,— our aim being to com¬
plete, under one roof, a list which a lady usually makes
out for a shopping expedition.
ALL OUR GOODS ARE SOLD AT ONE PRICE.
STOCK C03STST-A-ISTTZLTX" PBESH,
Customers Receive Precisely What They Pay For.
MUm IK ACCORDANCE WITS THE PRESENT TIMES !
* 49" Every facility la rendered to customers for a careful examination
of gooda before purchaeing. Ladies are earnestly invited to inapect our
GREAT FALL OFFERINGS.
WM. S. BUTLER & CO.
go <Sc 92 TREMOISTT ST.,
AMD—;
COOLIDGE, SMITH & CO.
TO & 72 TKEMONT ST.) [COpp- Tremont House.)
BOSTON.
SIEGE OF PARIS BUILDING,
r Corner Colnmbus Avenue and Ferdinand Street,
NEARLY OPPOSITE PROVIDENCE DEPOT.
J. P. ZIMMERMAN, Manager.
The Great
SIEGE OF PARIS:
1870-71.
ALSO, THE ASSASSINATION OF THE
ARCHBISHOP OF PARIS,
AT THE HANDS OF
THE COMMUNE OF 1871.
OUST EXHIBITION DAILT,
From 8 A. M. to ii P. M.
GRÂHP SACRED CONCERTS,
Every Sunday Afternoon & Erg.
DOORS OPEN AT 1 P. M.
Concerts Commencing at 2-30 & 8, P. M.
in the New Auditorum, erected and arranged
for that purpose. Seating capacity of 400, with
a Stage and all the modern improvements for
FIRST-CLASS COMBINATIONS,
IN PRODUCING
0mtoriû8 nnd Concerts,
All the above for the same price of admission,
affording the visitor an opportunity of viewing
THE GREAT PAINTING
AND THE ASSASSINATION OF THE
ARCHBISHOP OF PARIS,
at the same time.
T. E. HALLECK,
Business Manager.
^RlS0
THE
^QjVlFICE^"
■j-^OT inaptly has Paris been denominated " one
of the Monuments of the world." No city of
modern times has rivaled her magnificence.
Her splendors have been the theme of the
poets for centuries, and about her have long clustered
the external graces of civilization ; from her have
radiated the polite arts which govern and exalt
society.
There is about her the glamour Of a greatness that
no adversity can dispel ; the glow of a splendor that
gleams untarnished through every vicissitude of
glory or disaster. Paris is and will remain the Im¬
perial City of the world.
Splendid in prosperity, and rendered dramatically
pathetic by the pressure of adversity, Paris is, under
all possible conditions, an interesting study ; and
nothing which serves to illustrate either her glory
or her distress ever fails to command attention.
4
As a people the Americans—native and adopted—
are perhaps more familiar with Parisian life, man¬
ners and ideas than almost any other, and are, there¬
fore, more alertly interested in all that pertains to
the Imperial City. Hence the writer of these
modest pages feels that he has no need of excep¬
tional skill or literary excellence in presenting what
he desires to say respecting a very thrilling event in
the history of Paris.
f We address men and women of culture in every
walk of life. To the lover of art ; the military adept ;
the student of history ; the traveler ; the enthusiast,
who longs to know more of famous scenes from the
sight of which he is debarred by circumstances be¬
yond his control ; the busy man of science ; the
overtasked merchant and lawyer ; in short, to the
American people, we present a very entertaining
and valuable artistic and educational enterprise, one
which, originally undertaken for the benefit of the
Centennial-Exposition of 1876, has developed its per¬
manent value as a contribution to the domain of in¬
structive and recreative art. ^
">To see Paris in the holiday garb of her civic mag¬
nificence, and apparently absorbed in the pursuit of
the graces of a butterfly existence, is not to see all
there is of her many-phased civilization. In the
career of a great and volatile people there is, as in
Nature and in Art, a beauty of the sunshine and a
glory of the storm ; and he who seeks to familiarize
himself with Paris in all her picturesque and kaleido-
o r
5
scopic aspects, does well to study her story by the
contrasted lights of Peace and War, of Prosperity
and Calamity. Tears, not less than smiles, are the
heritage of nations.
Paris Besieged.
It is to the Imperial city in her hour of supreme
disaster that the attention of the reader is here
called.
Beleaguered Paris ! Well may the theme fire the
brain of the artist who finds in it the story of an in¬
vaded home—the vividness and awful grandeur of a
history at once personal to himself and full of gloomy
portent to the city of his birth and his love ! Well,
may it nerve his hand with a subtler cunning—for to
his ear the boom of the cannon at her gates is the
knell of universal peace, and in the blaze of her
palaces he pictures the wreck of the world.
With the moral aspects of the momentous Franco-
Prussian war of 1870-71, and with the merits of that
sudden and epochal struggle we have here nothing
to do. It scarcely seems necessary, at this brief inter¬
val of years, to even recur to the physical features of
the conflict. How the French Emperor led his
valiant men of arms forth against united and im¬
pregnable Prussia ; how he encountered disaster after
disaster, and personally fell into the hands of his
antagbnist ; and how his baffled armies, summoning
a new leader, retired to their stronghold in the Capital
city—these things are too fresh in the memory of all
to need reiteration.
6
There, amid all the horrors of that cruel art which
the General of our own armies has called " a barbarity
that cannot be refined "—rent with internal strife and
bleeding from her wounds at every pore, sat belea¬
guered Paris ; the glory and the citadel of France. A
magnificent spectacle of surpassing woe : an incom¬
parable exhibition of the fatuity and weakness of
a monarch hitherto deemed invincible—of the relent¬
less energy and strength of Teuton purpose.
A military pageant so dramatic, so intense, so full
of marvelous consequence, so astounding to the
on-looking nations, so filled with unsuspected revela¬
tions of the relative strength of the States in conflict,
had never been seen before. It will forever rank
among the wondrous surprises of the art of War, and
stand out permanently in history as a text for the
military student and a theme for the historian.
The Siege of Paris is, in all its phases, pre-eminent
among the thrilling and momentous events of the
nineteenth century.
The Great Painting.
The Artist who painted this picture—himself an artist
of celebrity and a participant in this Siege—seeing the
importance of memorializing the startling scenes of
the memorable event, not only for its historic lesson,
but because of its possibilities for the composition
of a magnificent and enduring work of art, took early
occasion to study and sketch the scene, with the pur-
7
pose of reproducing it upon a scale 01 commensurate
grandeur on canvas.
His original plan contemplated a series of large
battle-pieces in the usual form. But mature consid¬
eration convinced him that the continuity and
realism of the work would by that method be seriously
impaired, if not totally destroyed, and he decided to
secure the desired effect in a single gigantic picture
covering the entire field of action. The proposition
was stupendous, but the skill and enthusiasm of its
projector were fully equal to the task.
The Artist was peculiarly fitted for the enterprise.
Combining in his own person the accomplishments
and facilities of the soldier, toe painter, the engineer,
the sculptor, the anatomist and the scholar, he had
the further pre-eminent advantage of being an eye¬
witness of the Great Siege, and an active participant
in it. He knew every inch of the battle-ground and
the exact positions of the contending forces. He
saw those thrilling sights with the soldier's ana the
artist's eye combined. Who so thoroughly well
equipped as he to transfer the superb, ensanguined
pageant to immortal canvas ?
He undertook the work, with all the verve which
characterizes him, and proceeded with it uninter¬
ruptedly until its final completion—which was de¬
layed through an accident, elsewhere referred to,
but was triumphantly accomplished about the 20th
of September, 1875.
8
HO» THE PICTURE WAS PAINTED.
In executing this gigantic work—an oil painting
360 feet long and 50 feet high—the Artist met with and
overcame many difficulties.
An immense temporary building was erected as a
painting room, and there the work progressed, in
the hands of more than thirty Parisian artists of
excellent repute, for many months. When it was
almost finished a great tornado, which passed over
Paris one day, riddled the building to atoms and
destroyed all that had been done—the canvas and
the accompanying paraphernalia being torn and
crushed beyond the possibility of restoration.
This discouraging and expensive disaster retarded
the work, but did not cause its abandonment.
Another building was immediately made ready and
the models, photographs, and plans were transferred
to it. Here the artists renewed their labors, and a
new picture, even superior to the wrecked one,
was speedily under way.
In order to render some points of the picture
more startlingly realistic. The Artist places in front of
it a series of earth-works, stone forts and life-like figures
representing men, horses, and the accoutrements of
battle.
These figures—modeled from life, of full stature,
and costumed in the actual uniforms, helmets, etc.,
used during the siege, procured at great trouble and
expense, and guaranteed authentic—are placed upon
plateaus of real earth in the foreground, producing
a
9
an effect so realistic and startling that it becomes
well nigh impossible for the spectator to "determine
where the illusion begins.
the soldier-artist's assistants.
Among the distinguished artists who executed
this colossal work may be mentioned MM. Betsellier,
author of the famous equestrian portrait of Marshal
McMahon, for which the French Government paid
30,000 francs ; Bernard, winner of le prix de Rome,
last year; Henry, Lehnert, Bouton, Le Prince, and
Risler, figurantes ; Grandchamps, c h eve aux ; Bracconi,
Desbrosses, and Plonsey, landscapes ; Greux, war
armament ; with other well-known names in the
profession and attached to pieces exhibited at
the Salon Exposition of Paris in 1875.
No other artistic conception of the same vast pro¬
portions and masterly character has ever been con¬
tributed to by so many men of acknowledged emi¬
nence and skill.
the faithfulness of the work.
The reader will kindly bear in mind the fact that
the "Siege of Paris" is not in any sense a fancy
sketch—tricked out with multitudes of unreal or
automatic soldiers, borne into impossible conflict
by ideal horses, and representing scenes that could
1 only occur to an imagination absurdly lost to prob¬
ability, and totally unconscious of the stern realities
of war. It is an actual and most faithfully vivid
realization, upon canvas, of places that exist—of
10
scenes that occurred ; a portrayal of the men and
incidents that made those scenes and occurrences
historic.
The artist has, of course, permitted something of
scope and freedom in the details of his work ; but in
accuracy of presentation the picture is photographi¬
cally correct and truthful. The central and inform¬
ing thought of the entire work was to place before the
spectator the Great Siege as it actually was—not as
the Frenchman desires to portray it—not as the
victorious German imagines it—not as poetic fancy
tints it—but truthfully and graphically, just as the
eye-witness saw it, and as the ensanguined partici¬
pants knew it to be.
HOW THE PAINTING IS SHOWN.
The picture is exhibited in cycloramic or circular
form. It is not a panorama according to the arbitrary
English acceptation of that term. It is stationary,
and covers, from a commanding given point near the
beleaguered capital and in the very center of the
siege operations, a perfect view of the scene, from
the point of observation to the furthest verge of the
horizon in every direction.
The whole field of action is simultaneously pre¬
sented to the eye, with all the precision and accuracy
of detail and perspective that an actual view of the
living scene would afford—and with no limitations
other than the limitation of human vision. ✓
The fidelity and perfect correctness of the per¬
spective are such as to startle while they entrance
II
and make the beholder the subject of an illusion. The
picture is simply and exactly a reflex of Nature itself. The
illusion of spreading landscape and outreaching vista is as
perfect as if the spectator were standing in the dome of the
State House, gazing out upon the beautiful scenery of Bos¬
ton Harbor, and the mosaic glories of its islands, or
contemplating from the top of Bunker Hill Monument
the interlaced and opulent beauties ©f the environs of
Boston.
The mergingofearthand sky at the horizon's verge
is a wonderful triumph of the painter's art. To realize
that this magnificent pageant is, after all, only an
illusion, requires a stronger mental effort than to
accept it for reality.
THE ARTIST'S HISTORICAL FIDELITY.
It will be noticed that the author of this chef-
cTœuvri has not permitted in his work the outcrop¬
ping of any national or personal prejudice. Absolute
historical fidelity has been aimed at and achieved ;
and those who view the picture without the feelings
which are awakened by a patriotic preference for
either of the contending forces will not be slow to
appreciate the advantages to the historical student
of this conscientious method, over the ebullition of a
mere partisan spirit in the execution of the great
work.
The Importance of the Enterprise.
The production, importation and preparation ot
this colossal painting for exhibition here; have in-
12
volved an important outlay of capital, time, patience
and assiduous labor rendering its introduction to
the American public an enterprise of unusual mag¬
nitude.
It is, however, believed by the gentlemen who
have made the investment, that an exhibition of such
historical and artistic value will be appreciated by our
people, and will meet with satisfactory recognition.
Particular care has been taken to exclude from the
enterprise even the appearance of empericism. This
characteristic will be particularly obvious to those
who enjoy some previous personal acquaintance with
the scenes depicted in the painting.
The picture offers no ideal or fanciful view of the
environs of Paris, but presents with entire and graphic
fidelity an exact portraiture of what exists there ;
or rather, of what did exist there at the time of the
Great Siege. The manager respectfully begs leave
to impress this important feature of the exhibition
upon intending patrons.
In placing before them, at a merely nominal and
comparatively trivial. cost, a masterwork of art
which has occasioned the investment of a more than-
moderate fortune, it is confidently hoped that those
who visit the "Siege of Paris" will find themselves remu¬
nerated by an exhibition worthy of their intelligent criti¬
cism and acceptation.
WHY THE WORK WAS UNDERTAKEN.
It may perhaps be proper to say, as a matter of
personal explanation, that the inauguration of this
13
worK -.vas originally due to a cordially entertained
enthusiasm evoked by a painting of similar character,
but, as we believe, of greatly inferior interest and
attractiveness.
One of a party of American gentlemen, making
a pleasure tour of Europe, in 1874, attended, while in
Paris, an exhibition of what was there called a
" Panorama of the Prussian Siege of Paris in 1871."
So very vivid was the impression produced upon
him by the work that he determined, if possible,
to bring it to America upon his return, and negoti¬
ations were had with the proprietors of the pic¬
ture with that purpose. The great popularity of
the exhibition in Paris (it being thronged with
visitors constantly) rendered the proposition un¬
feasible, the most liberal offers being promptly^ de¬
clined.
He had, however, become so fixed in his determina¬
tion to afford his countrymen the advantage of the
artistic pleasure he had personally experienced, that
as soon as the negotiation with Le Compagnie Getter al
des Panoramas was declined, he sought out the Artist,
and proposed to him to reproduce the great paint- 1
ing. The Artist was at once heartily in accord with j
the idea, and declared that his experience would en¬
able him to avoid some historical and topographical ,
defects apparent in the old picture, by securing a j
more advantageous point of observation—to wit : the 1
heights of Chatillon. Further, that with the added
material recently rendered available, he would be
eu
H
able to produce a more accurate and imposing pageant
than the other, in every way.
A bargain was effected and, as before stated, the
present majestic work was immediately proceeded
with.
It is believed tostand wholly unrivaled for gran¬
deur, interest, fidelity and symmetrical historic value
in the beautiful domain of Art.
ACTION OF THE FRENCH GOVERNMENT.
We have only to add that the present French Gov¬
ernment cordially approved of this great work, and
afforded him every desired facility for its unem¬
barrassed and faithful execution ; placing at his dis¬
posal numerous important data, inaccessible except
thrdugh the national archives, and generously remit¬
ting one-half of the burdensome freight and export
charges when the painting was finally ready for
transmission to America. Hither the Artist accom¬
panied the work, and had personal supervision of
the scarcely less artistic task of mounting and
preparing it for exhibition at this Building —the
only building in the United States in which it can be
advantageously and properly shown.
The stupendous picture is now confidently sub¬
mitted for the inspection and criticism of the Ameri¬
can people.
BOYS'
LACROSSE OVERCOAT
A CANADIAN GARMENT OF
GREAT MERIT.
NOTE THIS.
The Price of the LACROSSE OVERCOAT has heen fixed, for this
introductory season, at " 87," an order for one pair of Winslow's
Club Skates accompanies each Overcoat sold this week. Ask for the
LACROSSE OVERCOAT.
DESIGNED PARTICULARLY FOR LADS FROM 8 TO 14^
Orders by express or mail will be attended to with as much care
as if the purchaser came in person.
SOLD ONLY AT
O.A.K: h:-A.r_.x_,,
ITUXNTTS FOB.
CHRISTMAS.
àq<3 f)orr\e^tié ©iteming G(owq$,
FROM $5 to $18.
BLANKET BATH WRAPS, $5 to $10-
BREAKFAST JACKETS, $7 to $12.
^Smoking Jackets, $9 to $10.
The "Beaconsfield" Overcoat, $20.
The cheapest and most stylish garment shown this winter'
EAST 11ST ID I A. CHOGAH,
The finest camel's hair material, richly embroidered, for
Gentlemen's Smoking Jackets.
Rugby Foot Sails, Foot Ball Jerseys and Sporting Outfits,
BOSTON SHOOTING SlITS, $13.
Leather Vests and Jackets, (Impenetrable by wind), S7toS10.
BUFFALO ROBES,
Specially selected. Indian tanned, sent to us direct from Wyoming
Territory, at very low prices. Seven pound Blankets, $2.75 a pair.
Gloves, Undergarments, Buckskin Suits, Hats, Caps, Boots, Shoes,
Arctics, Silk Handkerchiefs
Dent's best English Driving Gloves, Gentlemen's Overcoats, Ulsters,
Suits, Boys* Overcoats, Ulsters and Suits, and a great many cheap and
useful articles ai^d garments designed expressly for Holiday trade.
The popular Magazine,
" wide
at Oak Hall, is still in demand. We have received orders for and dis¬
tributed as many as Two Thousand a day during the past week ! ! The
distribution of this beautiful number of Wide Awake will \e continued
for only one week longer.
G-. W. SIMMONS & SON,
32 to 44 NORTH STREET.
THE DEFENCE OF PARIS.
Paris is surrounded by an uninterrupted enclosure of about 21
miles, comprehending 94 bastions and 15 detached forts—some of
which may be called fortifications. A vast entrenched camp is thus
formed which not only protects the City, but permits the armies to
retire in case of necessity for reinforcements or other succor.
At the very beginning of the war of 1870-71, these magnificent
defences were put in perfect order.
The recent improvements in projectiles, rendered necessary a
line of defences at a greater distance from the city. In August, 1870,
redoubts were established at Gennevilliers to secure the occupation
y if the Peninsula ; at Montretout and Chatillon for the protection
"of Mont Valerien, Issy, Vanves and Montrouge ; at Hautes-Bru-
yeres to cover Bicelre and Ivry ; at Port-a-l'Anglais, Moulin-
Saquet, Moulin-de-Pierre, Chateau de Meudon and Brimborion, to
guard against surprises in those directions.
The inundatory defences were also put in order ; powder maga¬
zines, barracks and breast-works were overhauled ; sheltering quar¬
ries were filled up; bridges were undermined; the woods of
Boulogne and Vincennes were pardally razed; and the beautiful
suburbs generally were sacrificed to the stern exigencies of the occa¬
sion, and put upon a war footing. The 9 railways and 59 gates
leading from the Capital were protected by a series of interminable
forts, earth-works and redoubts.
About 2,200,000 pounds of powder were stored in the 40 maga¬
zines which supplied the fortifications. The Seine above and be¬
low the city was stockaded, and torpedoes were placed in the prin¬
cipal avenues of the city. The public parks, places, gardens and
monuments were converted into temporary forts end magazines,
and preparations for barricading the streets were carried forward.
The city officials, merchants, promoters of public institutions of
i6
all kinds, and, in short, all the inhabitants of Paris, entered heartily
and patriotically into the preparations which were made more signi¬
ficantly imperative by the anxiety-compelling news from the armies
in the field. More than 20,000 workmen by day and night were em¬
ployed in the work of preparation.
By the middle of September the defences were so far completed
as to be considered well nigh invulnerable.
The Artillery department had by this time placed upon the forts
and walls of Paris 1,824 pieces ; and in addition to these a reserve
of 800 cannon, 600 movable guns, 180,000 chassepots and 360,000
guns of various models for the arming of the troops.
A fleet of s floating batteries, 9 gun-boats and 6 sloops of 4 guns
each, some of them very formidable, lay in the Seine.
The troops hastily called together for defensive purposes included
the 13th and 14th Corps, under General Ducrot, 19 battalions of
mobiles, 7,000 marines, the reserves of a great number of
Infantry regiments operating in the field, the gendarmerie, the fire¬
men, the forest guards and more than 40 free Corps—forming an
effective force of 240,000 men ; to which must be added 250,000
soldiers of the National Guard, charged with the defence of the
walls.
The providing of subsistence for the more than 2,000,000 persons
within the walls of Paris was a work of great magnitude, encum¬
bered as the railways were by the transportation of war material.
By the middle of September, 30,000 oxen, 200,000 sheep, 80,000
quintals of corn, 210,000 quintals of flour, 5,000 quintals of salted
and preserved meats, 100,000 horses and a great many mules had
been accumulated in addition to the private supplies of the in¬
habitants.
THE PRUSSIAN FORCES.
On the 15th of September, 1870, two Prussian armies invested
Paris ; the " third " commanded by the Prince Royal of Prussia, and
the "fourth " by the Prince Royal of Saxony. The third advanced
from Sedan to the Marne, and thence to the left bank of the Marne
and Seine south of Paris, where a brief struggle was had for po¬
sition. The iourth marched by Creil, Compiegne and Dammar-
l7
lin, establishing itself in an admirable position on the North, with¬
out striking a blow.
After many disastrous sorties and skirmishes the defenders of
Paris abandoned their advanced positions, blew up a great number
of bridges and retired to the forts. Thus the Prussians were ena¬
bled to establish themselves in strong positions and environ Paris
in a cordon of intrenchments, embattled walls and strong batteries.
At the end of September the two German armies had invested
the Capital with 202,031 infantry, 33,806 cavalry and 898 cannon,
forming a complete line from Chelles to a point of observation
near Orleans.
THE GREAT SIEGE.
Now commenced the enormous siege operations which resulted
so disastrously for the beleaguered city.
During October the defensive works wpon the forts and walls
were completed, and the forts were connected by lines of intrench¬
ments ; troops were organized to operate outside the walls ; and at
Villejuif, in the peninsula of Gennevilliers, about St. Denis and
in the valley of the Marne, intrenched camps to the extent of more
than 50 miles were formed. Batteries in great number were put in
position ; redoubts were constructed at Charlebourg, Moulin-des-
Gibets, Bois-Colombes, and Petit-Parc in the bend of the Marne.
Reconnoitring parties were set on foot, resulting in the indecisive
battles of Chevilly, Bagneux and Malmaison.
One of the most brilliant and sanguinary of these desperate
soiries was made the immediate theme of the truthful and thrilling
picture, described elsewhere in this pamphlet.
On the 28th of October a considerable engagement took place
at Bourget, resulting unfavorably for the French. This occurred
simultaneously with the evacuation of Metz, and when it was
known that M. Thiers was negotiating an armistice, an interior
revolt broke out in Paris, which was subdued after stern resistance.
Towards the close of November, Gen. Ducrot ordered an offen¬
sive movement of the troops towards Rosny, near the junction of
the Marne and Seine. The expedition was delayed by the failure
of some bridge engineering operations, and was not well under
s 3
i8
way until the 30th, when Ducrot with 60,000 men drove back the
Prussians from Villiers to Champigny. But the right wing advanc¬
ing from Charenton after occupying Montmelsey, was furiously
attacked and repulsed with heavy loss by Gen. Obernitz of the
Wurtemburg division, and the French fell back to Cretiel.
On the 2d of December the Germans, heavily reinforced,
returned the offensive fighting. Gen. Ducrot had also been rein¬
forced and a terrible conflict, waged on both sides with varying
success, continued until dark. The French lost 6,000 men and the
Prussians, perhaps, as many more. On the 3d, Gen. Ducrot
retired across the Marne, without further assault.
December 21st—an exceedingly cold day—the same corps
attempted to reoccupy Bourget but failed. Six hundred men were
frozen to death during the night.
The German armies now began to chafe for decisive battle. On
the 27th of December, their terrible Siege armament began a most
devastating fire from the Raincy, Gagny, and Noisy-le-Grand—
throwing over 9,000 wicked projectiles upon the flat of Avron ; and
on the 5th of January, intensifying the tremendous attack from
their Southern batteries they threw into the forts of Montrouge,
Vanves, and Issy more than 5,000 projectiles.
The next day, January 6th, 1871, the Prussians occupying
Breteuil, Meudon, Chalets, Moulin-de-Pierre, Platriere, Chatillon,
Clamart, Tour-des-Anglais, Tour-de-Crouy, Fontenoy, and
Bagneux, with 123 great guns began to bombard Paris. From
l'Hay and Cbevilly the besiegers also cannonaded Hautes-Bruyeres,
Moulin-Saquet, and Villejuif. For many days a pitiless rain of
iron fell upon Paris, injuring the prisons, warehouses, ambulances,
hospitals, and cemeteries. The prison de la Sante, in which the
Prussian prisoners were confined, alone escaped.
Paris now suffered terribly from hunger ; the people supporting
with heroic fortitude all the horrors of starvation.
On the 19th of January the defence made one supreme and
almost superhuman effort to escape the toils of the besieger ;
attacking without success the great walls of the park of Buzenval.
It was in vain. The enemy, powerfully entrenched upon all the
I
salient and governing points, poured their terrible projectiles
remorselessly upon the unconquered forts, the Cathedral, and all
the monuments of Paris. The unburied dead lay thick in the
streets; starvation stretched forth its gaunt hand to terrify and
I destroy; the awful fires of insurrectional discontent were burning.
' A scene of devastation without and civil war within. There was
! no longer any hope for Paris. On the 26th of January, at mid¬
night, resistance ceased, and the victorious Saxon unfurled his
standard over the smoking Tuileries.
Thus after a beleaguerment of 123 days, during the last 30 of
which more than 200,000 cannon shots were firedinto her very vitals,
fell Paris the Magnificent, the glory and the citadel of France.
A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE PICTURE
OF THE
SIZE C3-IE O IE PARIS.
• The artist—using the term in its radical, and perhaps, most
correct meaning—calls this great painting a Panorama, it being
"a picture presenting from a central point a view of objects in
every direction," but the word is so thoroughly associated in the
English tongue with a moving or unfolding of painted canvas
'hat it does not correctly describe the present work to our people.
The spectator is supposed to stand upon the heights of Chatillon,
one of the highest points overlooking Paris, and distant from the
heart of the city about six miles. Directly in front is the head¬
quarters of the Prussian army. On the balcony may be seen
Emperor William and Marshal Von Moltke.
20
To the right of the Prussian headquarters are the Prussian
batteries, which are engaged in firing on Fort Mont Valerien and
the City of Paris. In the foreground may be seen the sortie of
the French which was met with most determined an * successful
resistance on the part of the Prussian Land-wekr.
In the background that prominent elevation of ground is Fort
Mont Valerien, a stronghold which commanded the entire City
of Paris. At its foot are the villages of St. Cloud and Surenne.
Further to the right is the Fort d'lssy. Behind it appears the
Seine, and on it two gunboats. Further to the right is seen the
magnificent bridge of Auteil.
Moving around to the right may be seen the Place de Troca-
dero, below which appear the narrow Seine and the bridge of Jena.
Near tire Tsocadero rises the noble Arc de Triomphe ; to the
right the Invalides with its gilded dome is seen flashing against
the horizon.
To the left of the Invalides the Champs Elysees, with the
Palace of Industry. On the right are the famous Church of the
Madeleine, the Place de la Concorde, the Obelisk of Luxor, the
Column Vendôme, Trinity Church, and the Buttes Montmartre.
Further on appear the Tuilleries, the Church of St. Gervais, the
Markets and the Pantheon. Still further, upon Mount St. Gene¬
vieve, are situated the Bastile, the Luxembourg Palace, and all
the historic monuments visible from this point of view.
Further to the right two field-pieces direct their fire upon the
village of Chatillon, in front of which are seen columns of troops.
To the right of the cannon are two lines of sharpshooters belong¬
ing to the Prussian infantry, who, from their position in the
garden, are firing into the houses of Chatillon and Bagneu.
^ On the road which leads to the plain are two artillery wagons
drawn by six horses, and rendered frantic and unmanageable by
an explosion of powder on the plain hard by. Another horse
has thrown its rider and is fleeing in the same direction.
CREIGHTON HOUSE,
^^^2.50 per Day,^—
245 TREM0NT STREET, BOSTON,
Near the Common, Providence, Boston & Albany and
Old Colony R.R.S.
ENLARGED. REFURNISHED AND IMPROVED.
SUPERIOR PASSENGER ELEVATOR.
Centrally Located, in the neighborhood of places of
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WM. M. PRAY, Proprietor.
21
The large house which now appears directly in front has
already felt the cruel tooth of war and is partially destroyed.
The surrounding trees are sadly mutilated; a passing ball
having cut from one in the garden the large branch which is seen
on the ground in front, with a quantity of other debris of all
sorts. ,
In the foreground to the right is seen a picture of camp-life ;
men preparing their food. In the distance are seen ambulances
going to bring the wounded to that large grey house, now used
by the Prussians as a hospital.
The swords, guns and helmets, ruined walls, the smoke from
the burning houses and from the batteries, appear the vivid
realism in every direction from fort to fort ; and ruin rules the
plain, and the scenes that surround it.
also, the assassiit^txoit
OF THK
ARCHBISHOP OF PARIS,
A-t the hands of the Commune of 18?1,
One of the saddest memories of Paris is an incident in the
terrible Seventy-Three Days, during which the Commune
controlled the city, after the German occupation of 1871. We
refer to the shooting of Monseigneur Darboy, the venerable
Archbishop of Paris, and his companions.
The circumstances of this painful historical event were briefly
as follows: On the 4th of April, 1871, when the Commune
held entire possession of the city, the insurgents, seeking host¬
ages for the Communists who had fallen into the hands of the
22
Nationals, arrested and imprisoned Mgr. Darboy, the Arch¬
bishop, Abbe Duguerry, cure of the Madeleine, the Reverend
cure Pere»Allard, Pere Dacoudray, Pere Clerc, M. le Senator
Bonjean, president of one of the high courts of Justice, who had
bravely declined to surrender his office, and several other eccle¬
siastics and prominent citizens.
On the evening of the 24th of May, just when the insurgents
were suffering defeats which led them to devastate the city, a file
of soldiers of the Commune, under orders from Delescluze, pro¬
ceeded to the prison of La Roquette, where the hostages were
confined. "We miss six of ours," said Th. Ferre, the revolution¬
ary leader, "and we must have six !" The reverend fathers
above named and President Bonjean were summoned from their
cells and told that they must die. The venerable Archbishop
only bowed his head, and said : "The justice of tyrants is hard
to understand!"
It was eight o'clock at night. The condemned filed out of
their cells and, headed by Pere Allard, marched, amid the jeers
of the soldier mob, to the dreary court yard of the prison. A
lantern, suspended by ropes, grimly illumined the scene, and a
cart stood conveniently at hand to bear off the bodies of the
victims after execution.
The prisoners were ranged in line against the wall, and the
firing party, urged on by a lean and wiry man, wearing a blouse,
and named Raoul Itigault, made themselves ready. The Arch¬
bishop attempted to speak, but his words were lost amid the cries
and shouts of the crowd. "Silence !" said the commander of
the cruel expedition to his soldiers ; "you are here to shoot these
men, not to insult them !" He then ordered two volleys, under
which the martyrs fell dead, meeting their doom with calm and
brave resignation. Before leaving, the leader of the party him¬
self gave a parting shot to the corpse of the Archbishop.
23
The bodies of the slaughtered men were conveyed during the
same night to the cemetery of Pere la Chaise, and thrown, un-
coffined, into a common trench.
Before morning the advancing National forces captured and
shot Raoul Rigault. He died shouting "Vive la Commune !"
and the order authorizing the shooting of the Archbishop and
his companions was found upon his person.
When the bodies of the victims were taken from their ignomi¬
nious sepulchre, on the next Sunday, by the then victorious
National forces, it was found that the Archbishop's episcopal
ring and pectoral cross had been stolen, his purple cassock torn
and his person covered with wounds. The bodies of the others
were horribly mangled. The remains of these unfortunate men
were reverently cared for, and, after lying in state for a time,
were buried with great pomp and solemnity "rom Notre Dame.
This thrilling episode in the tribulation of the Imperial City
is faithfully portrayed in the fine picture of M. Désbrosses at
Paris.
A.,.N: MURRAY & CO.
IMPORTEES AND RETAILERS OF
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Hats, Caps, Umbrellas,
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and THURSDAY.
Gent's Collars, Plain each 3
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