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Stories from Ovid
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I^TB MUkn WAHTM W UOLt V TifcHWJIM m Mi
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UV«w Edition^
EDITOR'S PREFACE
Ten years ago there was a great dearth, or almost
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Metamorphoses that could be read in five or six lessons, and
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to it such Notes as would be necessary; and the first
seventeen of these Stories were published ' for "the use of
Rugby School' in 1870. The book found favour in other
schools, and in 1874 the Notes were revised, and the last
vi EDITOR'S PREFACE.
three Stories added. The present Edition has been revised
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and I think it will be found that no difficulty for a yoimg
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Now that verse-making is taking a less prominent place
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of having Elegiacs for repetition lessons; but Elej^iac I'set v,
from its metrical bonds, and consequent concisenes and
antithesis, is too subtle to be appreciated so soon. T te
Metamorphoses are more free from these bonds, and are
quite easy enough for young scholars, while in the intewat
of the story, and the poetical beauty of the descriptiou,
the same poet's hand is visible throughout
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RIVINGTONS
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Contents
face
I.
The Lovers of Babylon (Pvramus and Thisbe)
I
II.
Baucis and Philemon . • .
5
III.
Atalanta's Race
9
IV.
Why Apollo Loves the Bay . . . .
13
V.
The Dragon's Teeth
17
VI.
Andromeda's Release
21
VII.
The Spider's Web
24
VIII.
Latona's Revenge
28
IX.
Proserpine
34
X.
The Cyclops (Acis and Galatea)
40
XI.
The Wooing of Deianira
4S
XII.
The Death of Hercules
48
XIII.
Orpheus and Eurydice
53
XIV.
The Death of Orpheus
55
XV.
Midas
58
XVI.
The Golden Fleece
62
XVII.
Cephalus and Procris
67
XVIII.
The Tuscan Mariners
72
XIX.
Juno's Revenge
76
XX.
The Calydonian Hunt
80
Notes
00
Indices to Notes—
I. Proper Names
128
H. Words E.yplained
130
III. Grammaticai
131
IV. Illustrative Quotations
133
STORIES FROM OVID.
The marginal numbers r^er to-the Sections or pages (p.) of the Publie
Schools Latin Printer (Ed. 1879).
I.
THE LOVERS OF BABYLON.
(IV. 55—166.)
A tedious brief scene of young Pyramus
And his love Thisbe; very tragical mirth.
{See Shakespbarb» A Midsummer Night's Dream, Aei V.)
{nis is the second story in Chances^s ^Legends of Goode Women,^
• Pyramus et Thisbe, iuvenum pulcherrimus alter,
Altera, quas oriens habuit, praelata puellis, loe («)
Contiguas tenuere domos, ubi dicitur altam
Coctilibus muris cinxisse Semiramis urbem. p. ,40,11.
Notitiam primosque gradus vicinia fecit:
Tempore crevit amor: taedae quoque iure coissent:
Sed vetuere patres. Quod non potuere vetare.
Ex aequo captis ardebant mentibus ambo.
Conscius omnis abest; nutu signisque loquuntur,
10 Quoque magis tegitur, tectus magis aestuat ignis. g
Through walPs chink, poor souls, they are content
To whisper.
Fissus erat tenui rima, quam duxerat olim 115
Cum fieret paries domui communis utrique.
Id vitium nulli per saecula longa notatum— 107 (<r)
Quid non sentit amor?—primi vidistis amantes,
Et vocis fecistis iter; tutaeque per illud
Murmure blanditiae minimo transire solebant.
Saepe, ubi constiterant, hinc Thisbe, P^amus illinc,
Inque vices fuerat captatus anhelitus oris,
" Invide " dicebant " paries, quid amantibus obstas ?
Quantum erat, ut sineres toto nos corpore iungi,
® t)
2
STORIES FROM OVID.
[I.
Aut hoc si nimium, vel ad oscula danda pateres!
Nee Bumus ingrati; tibi nos debere fatemur,
Quod datus est verbis ad arnicas transitus aures."V-161,1.3
Talia diversa nequiquam sede locuti
Sub noctem dixere vale, partique dedere
Oscula quisque suae non pervenientia contra.
By moonshitu did these Umers think no scorn
To meet at Ninttd tomb, there, there to woo.
Postera noctumos Aurora removerat ignes,
Solque pruinosas radiis siccaverat herbas :
Ad solitum coiere locum; tum murmure parvo
30 Multa prius questi, statuunt, ut nocte silenti i.x6z.u.j(t)
Fallere custodes foribusque excedere temptent,
Quumque domo exierint, urbis quoque tecta relinquant;
Neve sit errandum lato spatiantibus arvo, 107 (<o
Conveniant ad busta Nini, lateantque sub umbra
Arboris : arbor ibi niveis uberrima pomis 194
Ardua moms erat, gelido contermina fonti. loe (O
Pacta placent, et lux, tarde discedere visa,
Praecipitatur aquis, et aquis nox surgit ab isdem.
Callida per tenebras versato cardine Thisbe
40 Egreditur fallitque suos, adopertaque vultum 100
Pervenit ad tumulum, dictaque sub arbore sediL
Audacem faciebat amor.
This grisly beast, which Lion high! by name
The trusty Thisby, coming first by night.
Did scare away, or rather did affright;
And as she fied her mantle she did fall
Which Lion vile with bloody mouth did stain.
Venit ecce recenti
Caede leaena boum spumantes oblita rictus, 100
Depositura sitim vicini fontis in unda.
Quam procul ad lunae radios Babylonia Thisbe
Vidit, et obscumm trepido pede fugit in antmm,
Dumque fugit, tergo velamina lapsa reliquit i63(si
JJt lea saeva sitim multa compescuit unda,
I.] THE LOVERS OF BABYLON. 3
Dum redit in silvas, inventos forte sine ipsa
50 Ore cruentato tenues laniavit amictus. 112
Anon eomts Pyramus, swed youth and tall,
And finds his trusty Thisbys mantle slain.
Serins egressus vestigia vidit in alto
Pulvere certa ferae, totoque expalluit ore
P3rramus. Ut vero vestem quoque sanguine tinctam
Repperit, "Una duos" inquit"nox perdet amantes: 162 n. a
E quibus ilia fuit longa dignissima vita,
Nostra nocens anima est; ego te, miseranda, peremi.
In loca plena metus qui iussi nocte venires, y. x6i,ii.t (a)
Nec prior hue venL Nostrum divellite corpus,
Et scelerata fero consumite viscera morsu,
60 O quicumque sub hac habitatis rupe, leones.
Bed timidi est optare necem"...Velamina Thisbes
Tollit, et ad pactae secum fert arboris umbram.
Whereat with blade, with bloody blamefid blade.
He bravely broached his boiling bloody breast.
Utque dedit notae lacrimas, dedit oscula, vesti,
"Accipe nunc" inquit "nostri quoque sanguinis isi
Quoque erat accinctus, demisit in ilia ferrum, [haustus!"
Nec mora, ferventi moriens e vulnere traxit.
Ut iacuit resupinus humo, cruor emicat alte :
Non aliter, quam quum vitiato fistula plumbo
Scinditur, et tenui stridente foramine longas
70 Eiaculatur aquas, atque ictibus aera rumpit.
Arborei fetus aspergine caedis in atram
Vertuntur fadem, madefactaque sanguine radix
Puniceo tingit pendentia mora colore.
And Thisby tarrying in mulberry shade
His dagger drew and died.
Ecce metu nondum posito, ne fallat amantem.
Ilia redit, iuvenemque oculis animoque requirit,
Quantaque vitarit narrare pericula gestit 149
Utque locum, et visa cognosdt in arbore formam.
Sic facit incertam pomi color; haeret, an haec sit.
Dum dubitat, tremibunda videt pulsare cruentum 153»
4 STORIES FROM OVID. [l.
80 Membra solum, retroque pedem tulit, oraque buxo 124 a
Pallidiora gerens exhorruit aequoris instar,
Quod tremit, exigua quum summum stringitur aura.
Sed postquam remorata suos cognovit amores, 15211. a
Percutit indignos claro plangore lacertos,
Et laniata comas amplexaque corpus amatum
Vulnera supplevit lacrimis, fletumque cruori 106 (i)
Miscuit, et gelidis in vultibus oscula figens
" Pyrame " clamavit " quis te mihi casus ademit ? 106 3
Pyrame, responde : tua te carissima Thisbe
90 Nominat! exaudi, vultusque attolle iacentes!"
Ad nomen Thisbes oculos iam morte gravatos
Pyramus crexit, visaque recondidit ilia.
Quae postquam vestemque suam cognovit, et ense 123
Vidit ebur vacuum, " Tua te manus " inquit " amorque
Perdidit, infelix. Est et mihi fortis in unum 1071
Hoc manus, est et amor: dabit hie in vulnera vires.
Persequar extinctum, letique miserrima dicar
Causa comesque tui; quique a me morte revelli
Heu sola poteras, poteris nec morte revelli. {
100 Hoc tamen amborum verbis estote rogati, Jg; 'j
O multum miseri, meus illiusque parentes,
Ut quos certus amor, quos hora novissima iunxit,
Componi tumulo non invideatis eodem.
At tu, quae ramis arbor miserabile corpus
Nunc tegis unius, mox es tectura duorum,
Signa tene caedis, pullosque et luctibus aptos
Semper habe fetus, gemini monumenta cruoris.
Dixit, et aptato pectus mucrone sub imum
Incubuit ferro, quod adhuc a caede tepebat.
no Vota tamen tetigere deos, tetigere parentes;
Nam color in pomo est, ubi permaturuit, ater :
Quodque rogis superest, una requiescit in \nna.' 107(3)
\f. 170,1.
\ 2,C(2)
106 (i)
182
106 (a)
" 182
5
II.
BAUCIS AND PHILEMON.
(viii. 621—722.)
As old bards
Tell in their idle sonra of wandering gods,
Pan or Apollo, veiled in human form.—^Wordswoktr.
ARGUMENT.
Baucis and Philemon, an aged toupU in Phrygia, entertain gods
unawares, and in return for their hospitality are saved from the
destruction which comes upon their neighbours. Having lived
happily together, they are changed on the same day, Philemon into
an oak, Baucis into a linden-tree.
Jupiter and Mercury come dawn among the Phrygians in the likeness
of men, but find every door barred against them.
CoLLiBUS in Phrygiis tiliae contermina quercus 106 r
Pandit adhuc ramos, modico circumdata muro— U8
Ipse locum vidi; nam me Pelopeia Pittheus
Misit in arva, suo quondam regnata parenti. 107 (<f)
Hand procul hinc stagnum est, tellus habitabilis olim,
Nunc celebres mergis fulicisque palustribus undae.
luppiter hue specie mortali, cumque parente iw
Venit Atlantiades positis caducifer alis. 12s
Mille domos adiere, locum requiemque petentes :
10 Mille domos clausere serae.
At last they find shelter in the hut of Philemon, who with his wife
Baucis does all thcd he can to entertain them.
Tamen una recepit,
Parva quidem, stipulis et canna tecta palustri:
Bed pia Baucis anus parilique aetate Philemon ii5
Ilia sunt annis iuncti iuvenilibus, ilia 120
Consenuere casa, paupertatemque fatendo 1414
Effecere levem nec iniqua mente ferendo.
Nee refert, dominos illic, famulosne requiras : 149
Tota domus duo sunt, idem parentque iubentque.
Ergo ubi caelicolae parvos tetigere penates
Summissoque humiles intrarunt vertice postes,
6
STORIES FROM OVID.
[It
20 Membra senex posito iussit relevare sedili,^ 125
Quo superiniecit textum rude sedula Baucis.
Inde foco tepidum cinerem dimovit, at ignes
Suscitat hestemos, foliisque et cortice sicco 119
Nutrit, et ad flammas anima producit anili,
Multifidasque faces ramaliaque arida tecto 122 a
Detuli^ et minuit^ parvoque admovit aeno. 106 x
They set brfore them such fare as their hut affords;—bacon and
vegetables, fruits and honey, with wine of recent growth ;—-poor in every¬
thing but goodwill.
Quodque suus coniunx riguo collegerat horto,
Truncat olus foliis. Furca levat ille bicomi ii95
Sordida terga suis nigro pendentia tigno :
30 Servatoque diu resecat de tergore partem
. Exiguam, sectamque domat ferventibus undis. ii«
Interea medias fallunt sermonibus boras,
Concutiuntque torum de molli fluminis ulva
Impositum lecto, sponda pedibusque salignis. 106 a, 115
Vestibus hunc velant, quas non nisi tempore festoi20
Stemere consuerant; sed et haec vilisque vetusque
Vestis erat, lecto non indignanda saligno. io7</
Accubuere dei. Mensam succincta tremensque
Ponit anus j mensae sed erat pes tertius impar:
40 Testa parem fecit j quae postquam subdita clivum 99
Sustulit, aequatam mentae tersere virentes.
Ponitur hie bicolor sincerae baca Minervae,
Conditaque in liquida coma autumnalia faece,
Intibaque, et radix, et lactis massa coacti,
Ovaque non acri leviter versata favilla:
Omnia fictilibus. Post haec caelatus eodem 119
Sistitur argento crater, fabricataque fago
Pocula, qua cava sunt, flaventibus-illita ceris.
Parva mora est, epulasque foci misere calentes,
50 Nec longae mrsus referuntur vina senectae,
Dantque locum mensis paulum seducta secundis.
Hie nux, hie mixta est rugosis carica palmis, loo x
Prunaque, et in patulis redolentia mala canistris,
Et de purpureis collectae vitibus uvae.
BAUCIS AND PHILEMON.
7
Candidus in medio favus est. Super omnia vultus
Accessere boni, nec iners pauperque voluntas.
The scanty fare,h<nvever,grows no less; the bawl is no sooner emptied
than it is full again. The gods declare themselves.
Interea totiens haustum cratera repleri
Sponte sua, per seque vident succrescere vina.
Attoniti novitate pavent, manibusque supinis
60 Concipiunt Baucisque preces timidusque Philemon,
Et veniam dapibus nullisque paratibus orant 107
Unicus anser erat, minimae custodia villae,
Quem dis hospitibus domini mactare parabant: 105
Ille celer penna tardos aetate fatigat, U6. Ill
Eluditque diu, tandemque est visus ad ipsos
Confugisse deos. Superi vetuere necari:
' Di' que ' sumus, meritasque luet vicinia poenas
Impia' dixerunt; 'vobis immunibus huius 109
Esse mall dabitur; modo vestra relinquite tecta, 133
70 Ac nostros comitate gradus, et in ardua montis
Ite simuL'
Led by the gods, the old couple withdraw to a neighbouring hill.
Looking back they see a general ruin, and in the midst their lowly cottage
rising into a splendid temple.
Parent ambo, baculisque levati 112
Nituntur longo vestigia ponere clivo.
Tantum aberant summo, quantum semel ire sagitta 102 a
Missa potest: flexere oculos, et mersa palude
Cetera prospiciunt, tantum sua tecta manere.
Dumque ea mirantur, dum deflent fata suorum, 153(a)
Ilia vetus, dominis etiam casa parva duobus 107
Vertitm in templum: furcas subiere columnae,
Stramina flavescunt, aurataque tecta videntur,
80 Caelataeque fores, adopertaque marmore tellus.
When told to name their reward for their hospitality, they ask that they
may be guardians of the temple, and may die on the same day. Their
prayer is granted; at one and the same instant they are transformed into
trees, which stand there to this day 'to witness if I lie.''
Talia tum placido Saturnius edidit ore: 113
* Dicite, iuste senex, et femina coniuge iusto
8
STORIES FROM OVID.
[II.
Digna, quid optetis.* Cum Baucide pauca locutus, 149
lu^cium superis aperit commune Philemon :i. ». C(s)
' Esse sacerdotes, delubraque vestra tueri
Poscimus; et quoniam Concordes egimus annos,
Auferat hora duos eadem, nec coniugis umquam
Busta meae videam, neu sim tumulandus ab ilia.' 144 a
Vota fides sequitur: templi tutela fuere,
90 Donee vita data est. Annis aevoque soluti 116
Ante gradus sacros quum starent forte, locique
Inciperent casus, frondere Philemona Baucis, 161, i. 2
Baucida conspexit senior frondere Philemon,
lamque super geminos crescente cacumine vultus
Mutua, dum licuit, reddebant dicta 'Vale' que
' O coniunx' dixere simul, simul abdita texit
Ora frutex. Ostendit adhuc Tyaneius illic
Incola de gemino vicinos corpore truncos.
Haec mihi non vani,neque erat cur fallere vellent, I60
100 Narravere senes. Equidem pendentia vidi
Serta super ramos, ponensque recentia dixi
' Cura pii dis sunt, et qui coluere, coluntur.*
9
III.
ATALANTA'S RACE.
Ambrosial fruit
Of vegetable gold,—Milton, Pakadisb Lost, iv. 219.
ARGUMENT.
Atalanta, a maiden of surpassing beauty and very fleet of foot, loishful
to preserve her maiden state, reuses to marry any suitor who shall
net first vanquish her in a public race. At last comes Hippo-
menes, and instructed by Venus wins the prize,
( The story is beautifully told by Mr, Morris in the ' Earthly Paradise,'
Vol, I.)
(The story is told by Venus to Adonis.)
Atalanta, xoarned against marriage, lays harsh conditions upon her
suitors, who nevertheless throng rouM her,
' Forsitan audieris aliquam certamine cursus
Veloces superasse viros. Non fabula rumor
Ille fuit; superabat enim, nec dicere posses, p. ise, ii.d
Laude pedum, formaene bono praestantior esset. 149
Scitanti deus huic de coniuge " Coniuge " dixit 119 («)
" Nil opus est, Atalanta, tibi, fuge coniugis usum ;
Nec tamen effugies, teque ipsa viva carebis." 119(4)
Territa sorte dei per opacas innuba silvas
Vivit, et instantem turbam violenta procorum
lo Condicione fugat, nec " sum potiunda, nisi" inquit 113,144 »
" Victa prius cursu ; pedibus contendite mecum; lie
Praemia veloci coniunx thalamique dabuntur.
Mors pretium tardis : ea lex certaminis esto." 107
Ilia quidem immitis, sed tanta potentia formae est,
Venit ad banc legem temeraria turba procorum.
Hippomenes witnesses one of these contests, and is smitten with love,
Atalanta is, as ustial, victorious,
Sederat Hippomenes cursus spectator iniqui,
Et" Petitur cuiquam per tanta pericula coniunx ?"i07(<f)
10
STORIES FROM OVID.
[m.
Dixerat, ac nimios iuvenum damnarat amores.
Ut faciem et posito corpus velamine vidit,
20 Obstupuit, tollensque manus " Ignoscite," dixit
" Quos mode culpavi; nondum mihi praemia nota,
Quae peteretis, erant" Laudando concipit ignes, 150
Et, ne quis iuvenum currat velocius, optat,
Invidiaque timet " Sed cur certaminis huius
Intemptata mihi fortuna relinquitur?" inquit, 107(<0
"Audentes deus ipse iuvat." Dum talia secum
Exigit Hippomenes, passu volat alite virgo. 163(2)113
Quae quamquam Scythica non secius ire sagitta 124 (i)
Aonio visa est iuveni, tamen ille decorem
30 Miratur magis; et cursus facit ille decorem.
Dum notat haec hospes, decursa novissima meta est, 163 (2)
Et tegitur festa victrix Atalanta corona.
Dant gemitum victi, penduntque ex foedere poenas.
Undaunted by the defeat of others, he challenges the fnaiden. She,
strtuk by his noble bearing, feels for him a pity which is ' ahin to love,'
and vainly tries to dissuade him from the tried.
Non tamen eventu iuvenis deterritus horum
Constitit in medio, vultuque in virgine fixo 125
" Quid facilem titulum superando quaeris inertes 1141(4)
Mecum confer 1" ait. " Sen me fortuna potentem
Fecerit, a tanto non indignabere vinci.
Namque mihi genitor Megareus Onchestius : illi 107
40 Est Neptunus avus, pronepos ego regis aquarum;
Nec virtus citra genus est Seu vincar, habebis
Hippomene victo magnum et memorabile nomen."/.i2i,4(3)
Talia dicentem molli Schoeneia vultu 1I6
Aspicit, et dubitat, superari an vincere malit /. 142, B
Atque ita, " Quis deus hunc formosis " inquit' iniquus
Perdere vult, caraeque iubet discrimine vitae
Coniugium petere hoc ? non sum, me iudice, tantL J i|5 (")
Nec forma tangor, poteram tamen hac quoquetangi,
Sed quod adhuc puer est: non me movet ipse, sed aetas.
50 Quid, quod inest virtus, et mens interrita leti? 136/.i39,b
(Juid, quod ab aequorea numerator origine quartus ?
Quid, quod amat, tantique putat connubia nostra, 128 (o)
Ut pereat, si me fors illi dura negarit ?
111.]
ATALANTA'S RACE.
II
Dum licet, hospes, abi, thalamosque reUnque cruentos.
■ Coniugium cradele meum est Tibi nubere nulla lOT
Nollet et optari potes a sapiente puella.
Cm tamen est mUti cura tui, tot iam ante peremptis ?132
Viderit! intereat, quoniam tot caede procoram >, 153, h
Admonitus non est, agiturque in taedia vitae...
60 Occidet hie igitur, voluit quia vivere mecum ?
Indignamque necem pretium patietur amoris ?
Non erit invidiae victoria nostra ferendae. 128
Sed non culpa mea est Utinam desistere velles !
Aut, quoniam es demens, utinam velocior esses!...
At quam virgineus puerili vultus in ore est!
A ! miser Hippomene, noUem tibi visa fuissem!
Vivere dignus eras. Quod si felicior essem, /. 170, i.a «
Nec mihi coniugium fata importuna negarent,
Unus eras, cum quo sociare cubilia vellem.'
He calls on Venus for help. She gives him three golden apples, with
instructions how to use them,
70 Dixerat; utque rudis, primoque Cupidine tacta.
Quid facit, ignorans, amat, et non sentit amorem.
Iam solitos poscunt cursus populusque paterque,
Quum me sollicita proles Neptunia voce
Invocat Hippomenes, "Cytherea " que," comprecor ausis
Adsit" ait " nostris et quos dedit, adiuvet ignes."/. 153,0
Detulit aura preces ad me non invida blandas:
Motaque sum, fateor. Necopismoralongadabatur. 132
Est ager, indigenae Tamaseum nomine dicunt,
Telluris Cypriae pars optima, quam mihi prisci
80 Sacravere senes, templisque accedere dotem
Hanc iussere meis. Medio nitet arbor in arvo,
Fulva comam, fulvo ramis crepitantibus auro.
Hinc tria forte mea veniens decerpta ferebam
Aurea poma manu; nullique videnda, nisi ipsi,
Hippomenen adii, docuique, quis usus in illis.
The race begins. From the first Atalanta does not put forth her
wonted speed,
Signa tubae dederant, quum carcere pronus uterquem
Emicat, et summam celeri pede libat arenam. p. 139,0 6
(107 ,
(. 2«(2)
100
107 (<0
p. isi, 4. 3
12
STORIES FROM OVID.
[III.
Posse putes illos sicco freta radere passu,
Et segetis canae stantes percurrere aristas.
90 Adiciunt animos iuveni clamorque favorque, [tempus,
Verbaque dicentum " Nunc, nunc incumberenote
Hippomene, propera! nunc viribus utere totis. 119 «
PeUe moram, vinces." Dubium, Megareius heros
Gaudeat, an virgo magis his Schoeneia dictis. 149
O quotiens, quum lam posset transire, morata est,
Spectatosque diu vultus invita reliquit!
^dus e lasso veniebat anhelitus ore :
Metaque erat longe.
One after the other, Hippomenes throws lown the apples, well out of
the course. Atalanta stoops to pick them up, and so not unwillingly is
beaten.
Turn denique de trlbus unum
Fetibus arboreis proles Neptunia misit
100 Obstupuit virgo, nitidique cupidine pomi m
Declinat cursus, aurumque volubile tollit.
Praeterit Hippomenes; resonant spectacula plausu.
Ilia moram celeri cessataque tempora cursu
Corrigit, atque iterum iuvenem post terga relinquit.
Et rursus pomi iactu remorata secundi,
Consequitur transitque virum. Pars ultima cursus 130
Restabat. "Nunc" inquit "ades,dea muneris auctor!"l27
Inque latus campi, quo tardius ilia rediret, I6O
lecit ab obliquo nitidum iuvenaliter aurum.
I lo An peteret, virgo visa est dubitare; coegi
Tollere, et adieci sublato pondera malo, 104
Impediique oneris pariter gravitate moraque.
Neve meus sermo cursu sit tardior ipso,
Praeterita est virgo: duxit sua praemia victor'
»s
iv.
WHY APOLLO LOVES THE BAY.
As Daphne was
Rootbound, that fled Apollo.—Milton, Comds, 662,
ARGUMENT.
Daphne, the daughter af the river-god Petteus, rejects the loveof Apollo^
and, being pursued by him, is changed into a bay-tree.
Apollo, fresh from the conquest of the Python, mocks at the weapons of
Cupid.
Primus amor Phoebi Daphne Peneia, quem non
Fors ignara dedit, sed saeva Cupidinis ira. ^
Delius hunc nuper, victo serpente superbus,
Viderat adducto flectentem comua nerve :
• Quid' que' tibi, lascive puer, cum fortibus armis ?' 107
Dixerat; ' ista decent humeros gestamina nostros.
Qui dare certa ferae, dare vulnera possumus hosti,
Qui mode pestifero tot iugera ventre prementem
Stravimus innumeris tumidum Pythona sagittis. 112
10 Tu face nescio quos esto contentus amores
Indagare tua, nec laudes assere nostras.'
Cuptd in revenge wounds him with an arrow, which inspires love, and
Daphne with one which inspires dislike.
Filius huic Veneris ' Figat tuus omnia, Phoebe,
Te mens arcus * ait; ' quantoque animalia cedunt /. 137, e
Cuncta deo, tanto minor est tua gloria nostra.'
Dixit, et eliso percussis acre pennis 125,112
Impiger umbrosa Parnasi constitit arce,
Eque sagittifera prompsit duo tela pharetra
Diversorum operum; fugat hoc, facit illud amorem.l28
Quod facit, auratum est et cuspide fulget acuta:
20 Quod fugat, obtusum est et habet sub arundine plumbum.
Hoc deus in nympha Peneide fixit, at illo t-124, i-3
Laesit Apollineas traiecta per ossa medullas.
Protinus alter amat j fugit altera nomen aroantis,
14
STORIES FROM OVID.
[m
Silvarum tenebris captivarumque ferarum
Exuviis gaudens innuptaeque aemula Phoebes. 133
Daphne is a devotee of the maiden goddess Diana. She has rrfused all
suitors, and is bent on remaining unwedded: btft her very coldness only
increases Apollds love.
Vitta coercebat positos sine lege capillos;
Multi illam petiere: ilia aversata petentes ^^32
Impatiens expersque viri nemorum avia lustrat, •! >.139.
Nec quid Hymen, quid Amor, quid sint connubia, J49'
30 Saepe pater dixit 'Generummihi,filia,debes.'[curaL107
Saepe pater dixit' Debes mihi, nata, nepotes.'
Ilia, velut crimen, taedas exosa iugales
Pulchra verecundo suffunditur era rubore, too
Inque patris blandis haerens cervice lacertis,
' Da mihi perpetua, genitor carissime,' dixit
' Virginitate frui; dedit hoc pater ante Dianae.' 119 a
Ille quidem obsequitur, sad te decor iste quod Optas
Esse vetat, votoque tuo tua forma repugnat 103 3
Phoebus amat, visaeque cupit connubia Daphnes,
40 Quodque cupit, sperat, suaque ilium oracula fallunt 145 (»)
Utque leves stipulae demptis adolentur aristis,
Ut facibus sepes ardent, quas forte viator
Vel nimis admovit, vel iam sub luce reliquit,
Sic deus in flammas abiit, sic pectore toto
Uritur et sterilem sperando nutrit amorem. 1414
Spectat inornatos collo pendere capillos,
Et' Quid, si comantur ?' ait, Videt igne micantes {'j/
Sideribus similes oculos; videt oscula, quae non iqo i
Est vidisse satis cupido.
She fees from him. He follows, pleading. It is no harsh lover from
whom she flees : his love will not disgrace her.
Fugit ocior aura 124
50 Ilia levi, neque ad haec revocantis verba resbtit:
' Nympha, precor, Penei, mane ! non insequor hostis;
Nympha, mane ! sic agna lupum, sic cerva leonem,
Sic aquilam penna fugiunt trepidante columbae, [quendi.
Hostes quaeque suos: amor est mihi causa se-
Me mbenjm! ne prona cadas, indignave laedi j3g' '
IV.]
WHY APOLLO LOVES THE BAY.
15
Crnra notent sentes, et sim tibi causa doloris.
Aspara, qua properas, loca sunt; moderatius, oro,
Curre, fugamque inhibe j moderatius insequar ipse.
Cui placeas, inquire tamen: non incola mentis, U9
60 Non ego sum pastor, non hie armenta gregesque
,Horridus observe. Nescis, temeraria, nescis,
Quem fugias, ideoque fugis. Mihi Delphica tellus
Et Clares et Tenedos Patareaque regia servit
luppiter est genitor. Per me quod eritque, fuitque,
Estque, patet; per me concordant carmina nervis. 1061
Certa quidem nostra est, nostra tamen una sagitta 124
Certior, in vacuo quae vulnera pectore fecit
Inventum medicina meum est, opiferque per orbem
Dicor, et herbarum subiecta potentia nobis;
70 Ei mihi, quod nullis amor est sanabilis herbis, 1074
Nec prosunt domino quae prosunt omnibus, artes!'
Lave adds speed to his pursuit; already she seems within his grasp.
She appeals to her father for help, and is transformed.
Plura locuturum timido Peneia cursu
Fugit, cumque ipso verba imperfecta reliquit.
Tum quoque visa decens; retro dabat aura capillos,
Obviaque adversas vibrabant ilamina vestes,
Auctaque forma fuga est. Sed enim non sustinet ultra
Perdere blanditias iuvenis deus, utque movebat 1401
Ipse amor, admisso sequitur vestigia passu.
Ut canis in vacuo leporem quum Gallicus arvo
80 Vidit, et hie praedam pedibus petit, ille .salutem ; 112
Alter inhaesuro similis iam iamque tenere
Sperat, et extento stringit vestigia rostro:
.^ter in ambiguo est, an sit conprensus, et ipsis 149
Morsibus eripitur tangentiaque ora relinquit:
Sic deus et virgo: est hie spe celer, ilia timore: ill
Qui tamen insequitur, pennis adiutus Amoris
Ocior est, requiemque negat, tergoque fugacis 106 («)
Imminet, et crinem sparsum cervicibus afflat
Viribus absumptis expalluit ilia, citaeque
90 Victa labore fugae, spectans Peneidas undas,
' Fer, pater,' inquit' opem, si flumina numen habetis!
l6 STOX/ES FROM OVID. [!▼.
Qua nimium placui, mutando perde figuram!' 143
Vix prece finita, torpor gravis occupat artus;
Mollia cinguntur tenui praecordia fibro,
In frondem crines, in ramos bracchia crescunt;
Pes, modo tam velox, pigris radicibus haeret,
Ora cacumen obit; remanet nitor unus in ilia.
The god transfers to the tree the love which he hadfelt for the maiden,
Hanc quoque Phoebus amat, positaque in stipite dextra
Sentit adhuc trepidare novo sub cortice pectus, 1403
too Complexusque suis ramos, ut membra, lacertis
Oscula dat ligno; refugit tamen oscula lignum.
Cui deus 'At coniunxquoniam mea non potes esse, | .
Arbor ens certe' dixit' mea: semper habebunt ''
Te coma, te citharae, te nostrae, laure, pharetrae.
Tu ducibus Latiis aderis, cum laeta Triumphum 107(^)
Vox canet et visent longas Capitolia pompas.
Postibus Augustis eadem fidissima custos 107
Ante fores stabis, mediamque tuebere quercum.
Utque meum intonsis caput est iuvenile capillis, 116
no Tu quoque perpetuus semper gere frondis honores.'
Finierat Paean. Factis modo laurea ramis
Adnuit, utque caput visa est agitasse cacumen.
17
V.
THE DRAGON'S TEETH.
(hi. 14—130.)
Then he saw the mounds
Bursten asunder, and the muttered sounds
Changed into loud strange shouts and warlike clang.
As with freed feet at last the earthbom sprang
On to the tumbling earth, and the sunlight
Shone on bright arms clean ready for the hght.—morris.
ARGUMENT.
Cadmus, son oj Agcnor, has been sent by his father in search of his sister
Europa, who had been earned off by Jupiter, and is forbidden to
return home without her. Unsstccessjitl in his search he consults
the oracle at Delphi as to his future dwelling-place. Phoebus tells
him that he will meet a heifer in the fields that has never known the
yoke: this he is to follow and found a city where she first lies down.
Scarcely has he reached the plain when he finds the cow, and
follows her to the valley of the Cephisus, where she lies down.
Vix bene Castalio Cadmus descenderat antro,
Incustoditam lente videt ire iuvencam
Nullum servitii signum cervice gerentem.
Subsequitur, pressoque legit vestigia gressu,
Auctoremque viae Phoebum tacitumus adorat. m
lam vada Cephisi, Panopesque evaserat arva :
Bos stetit et tollens speciosam comibus altis lie
Ad caelum firontem mugitibus impulit auras,
Atque ita, respiciens comites sua terga sequentes, 142
10 Procubuit teneraque latus summisit in herba.
Cadmus agit grates, peregrinaeque oscula terrae 1061
Figit, et ignotos montes agrosque salutat
He wishes to offer sacrifice in thanksgiving to fove, and sends his
followers to get water from some neighbouring spring. They find a
spring guarded by a dragon of enormous size, which attacks and destroys
them all.
Sacra lovi facturus erat; iubet ire nunistros
Et petere e vivis libandas fontibus undas.
Silva vetus stabat nulla violata securi, 112
Et specus in medio, virgis ac vimine densus, 119 b
• c
l8 STORIES FROM OVID. ['•
Efficiens humilem lapidum compagibus arcum,
Uberibus fecundus aquis, ubi conditus antro 110*
Martins anguis erat, cristis praesignis et auro.
20 Igne micant oculi; corpus tumet omne veneno :
Tresque vibrant linguae; triplici stant ordine dentes.
Quem postquam Tyria lucum de gente profecti
Infausto tetigere gradu, demissaque in undas
Uma dedit sonitum, longo caput extulit antro 182
Caeruleus serpens, horrendaque sibila misit.
Effluxere umae manibus, sanguisque relinquit
Corpus, et attonitos subitus tremor occupat artus.
Ille volubilibus squamosos nexibus orbes
Torquet, et immensos saltu sinuatur in arcus, 118
30 Ac media plus parte leves erectus in auras
Despidt omne nemus, tantoque est corpore, quanto 116
Si totum spectes, geminas qui separat Arctos. I. isa. n. a
Nec mora, Phoenicas, sive illi tela parabant,
Sive fugara, sive ipse timor prohibebat utrumque,
Occupat; hos morsu, longis amplexibus illos,
Hos necat afflati funesta tabe veneni.
When evening comes on, and his comrades do not return, Cadmus goes
on their track. He comes upon their remains, and joins cotnbat -with the
dragon. After a long struggle he is victorious.
Fecerat exiguas iam sol altissimus umbras: 99
Quae mora sit sociis, miratur Agenore natus, 149.128
Vestigatque viros. Tegumen direpta leonis
40 Pellis erat, telum splendenti lancea ferro 116
Et iaculum, teloque animus praestantior omnL. 124
Ut nemus intravit, letataque corpora vidit, 162,11. a
Victoremque supra spatiosi corporis hostem 128
Tristia sanguinea lambentem vulnera lingua, 118
' Aut ultor vestrae, fidissima corpora, mortis, 182
Aut comes' inquit' ero.' Dixit, dextraque molarem
Sustulit et magnum magno conamine misit:
Illius impulsu cum turribus ardua celsis
Moenia mota forent; serpens sine vulnere mansit,
50 Loricaeque modo squamis defensus et atrae
Duritia pellis validos cute reppulit ictus.
At non duritia iaculum quoque vicit eadem.
THE DRAGON'S TEETH.
19
Quod medio lentae spinae curvamine fixum
Constitit, et totum descendit in ilia ferrum.
Ille, dolore ferox, caput in sua terga retorsit, ill
Vulneraque aspexit, fixumque hastile momordit.
Idque ubi vi multa partem labefecit in omnem,
Vix tergo eripuit; ferrum tamen ossibus haesit
Tum vero postquam solitas accessit ad iras
60 Causa recens, plenis tumuerunt guttura venis, 119
Spumaque pestiferos circumfluit albida rictus,
Terraque rasa sonat squamis, quique halitus exit /.i33,d
Ore niger Stygio, vitiatas inficit auras. 123
Ipse modo immensum spiris facientibus orbem
Cingitur, interdum longa trabe rectior exstat, p. 134, m.
Impete mmc vasto ceu concitus imbribus amnis
Fertur, et obstantes proturbat pectore silvas.
Cedit Agenorides paulum, spolioque leonis 112
Sustinet incursus, instantiaque ora retardat
70 Cuspide praetenta. Furit ille, et inania duro
Vulnera dat ferro, figitque in acumine dentes.
lamque venenifero sanguis manare palato 123
Coeperat et virides aspergine tinxerat herbas :
Sed leve vulnus erat, quia se retrahebat ab ictu
Laesaque colla dabat retro, plagamque sedere
Cedendo arcebat, nec longius ire sinebat: 1414
Donee Agenorides coniectum in gutture ferrum
Usque sequens pressit, dum retro quercus eunti/. 163, iv. 2
Obstitit, et fixa est pariter cum robore cervix.
80 Pondere serpentis curvata est arbor, et imae
Parte flagellari gemuit sua robora caudae. 140 3
While he is examining his fallen enemy he hears a mysterious voice of
warning. Pallas appears to him and tells him to sow the teeth of the
dragon. Th^ produce a crop of men.
Dum spatium victor victiconsiderathostis, [tum, 153(2)
Vox subito audita est, neque erat cognoscere promp-1401
Unde, sed audita est, 'Quid, Agenore nate, peremp-123
Serpentem spectas ? et tu spectabere serpens.' [tum
Ille diu pavidus pariter cum mente colorem
Perdiderat gelidoque comae terrore rigebant. Ill
20
STORIES FROM OVID.
Ecce viii fautrix, superas delapsa per auras,
Pallas adest, motaeque iubet supponere terrae 106(a)
90 Vipereos dentes, populi incrementa futuri. 60
Paret at ut presso sulcum patefecit aratro,
Spargit humi iussos, mortalia semina, dentes.
Inde, fide mains, glebae coepere moveri,
Primaque de sulcis acies apparuit hastae,
Tegmina mox capitum picto nutantia cono, ^ 118
Mox humeri pectusque onerataque bracchia talis 112
Exsistunt, crescitque sages clipeata virorum.
Sic ubi tolluntur fastis aulaea theatris,
Surgere signa solent, primumque ostendere Arultus,
too Cetera paulatim, placidoque educta tenore
Tota patent, imoque pedes in margine ponunt
In alarm he seizes his arms, but the men attack each other till at last
there are only five left, who join him and with him found the city of
Thebes.
Territus hoste novo Cadmus capere anna parabat:
' Ne cape' de populo, quem terra creaverat, unus
Exclamat 'nee te civilibus insere bellis.' 106(a)
Atque ita terrigenis rigido de fratribus unum
Cominus ansa ferit; iaculo cadit eminus ipse.
Hunc quoque qui leto dederat, non longius illo 124
Vivit at exspirat, modo quas acceperat, auras.
Exemploque pari furit omnis turba, suoque
no Marte cadunt subiti per mutua vulnera fratres.
lamque brevis vitae spatium sortita inventus
Sanguineo tepidam plangebat pectore matrem,
Quinque superstitibus, quorum fuit unus Echion. 126
Is sua iecit humo monitu Tritonidis arma,
Fratemaeque fidem pacis petiitque deditque.
Hos operis comites habuit Sidonius hospes, 99
Quum posuit iussam Phoebeis sortibus urbem.
21
VL
ANDROMEDA'S RELEASK
(iv. 663—752.)
He travds far from other skies.
His mantle glitters on the rocks—
A iairy Prince, with joyful eyes.
And lighter-footed wan the fox.—Tenhyson.
ARGUMENT.
Perseus returning from Libya with Medusds head discovers Andromeda
chained to a rock, exposed to a sea-monster. He slays the monster
and rescues the maiden.
{This story is prettily told by Mr. Morris in ' The Earthly Paradise,^
as part of the ^ Doom of Acrisius,' and by Mr. Kingslg> in his poem
' Andromeda.')
Cassiopeia, seife of Cepheus, boasted of her beauty that it surpassed that
of the Nereids. Neptune, to punish her boasting, sent up a monsterfrom
the sea, who ravaged the land. The king applied to the oracle of the
Libyan Ammon, and it was told him that the land should be delivered if
he gave up his daughter as a prey to the monster. Perseus finds her thus
exposed.
Clauserat Hippotades aetemo carcere ventos,
Admonitorque operum caelo clarissimus alto 132
Lucifer ortus erat Pennis ligat ille resumptis
Parte ab utraque pedes, teloque accingitur unco,
£t liquidum motis talaribus aera findit
Gentibus innumeris circumque infraque relictis 12S
Aethiopum populos, Cepheaque conspicit arva.
lUic immeritam maternae pendere linguae
Andromedam poenas immitis iusserat Ammon.
10 Quam simul ad duras religatam bracchia cautes '34. "•
Vidit Abantiades,...nisi quod levis aura capillos
Moverat, et tepido manabant lumina fletu,
Marmoreum ratus'esset opus...trahit inscius ignes
Et stupet et visae correptus imagine formae
Paene suas quatere est oblitus in aere pennas.
Ut stetit, ' 0' dixit' non istis digna catenis, 119(a)
Sed quibus inter se cupidi iunguntur amantes, 112
Pande requirenti nomen terraeque tuumque, 106 e
Et cur vincla gerji#.'
22 STORIES FROM OVID. [vt
While she is Idling him her story the monster appears, amid the cries
and weeping of the parents and the watching crowd upon the shore,
Perseus bargains that, if he deliver her from her fate, she shall be his
wife.
Primo silet ilia, nec audet
20 Appellate virum virgo, manibusque modestos
Celasset viiltus, si non religata fuisset.
Lumina, quod potuit, lacrimis implevit obortis. p. 135, n,
Saepius instanti, sua ne delicta fateri
Nolle videretur, nomen terraeque suumque,
Quantaque matemae fuerit bducia formae, 149
Indicat. £t nondum memoratis omnibus unda
Insonuit, veniensque immenso belua ponto 123
Imminet et latum sub pectore possidet aequor.
Conclamat virgo; genitor lugubris et una
30 Mater adest, ambo miseri, sed iustius ilia.
Nec secum auxilium, sed dignos tempore fletus 119 «
Plangoremque ferunt, vinctoque in corpore adhaerent:
Quum sic hospes ait: ' Lacrimarum longa manere 132
Tempora vos poterunt: ad opem brevis hora ferendam est
Hanc ego si peterem Perseus love natus et ilia, /. 164,1(3)
Quam dausam implevit fecundo luppiter auro,
Gorgonis anguicomae Perseus superator, et alis
Aetherias ausus iactatis ire per auras,
Praeferrer cunctis certe gener. Addere tantis
40 Dotibus et meritum, faveant modo numina, tempto. 162,1.(4)
Ut mea sit servata mea virtute, paciscor.' p. i6i, iv.a ii.
Accipiunt legem...quis enim dubitaret?...et orant,
Promittuntque super regnum dotale parentes.
Perseus then darts down upon the monster and strikes him again and
again, and at last dispatches him outright.
Ecce velut navis praefixo concita rostro
Sulcat aquas, iuvenum sudantibus acta lacertis,
Sic fera dimotis impulsu pectoris undis
Tantum aberat scopulis, quantum Balearica torto
Funda potest plumbo medii transmittere caeli: p. 139, D
Cum subito iuvenis pedibus tellure repulsa
50 Arduus in nubes abiit Ut in aequore suramo 152,11. a
Umbra viri visa est, visam fera saevit in umbram.
Utque lovis praepes, vacuo cum vidit in arvo
Praebentem Phoebo liventia terga draconem.
«.]
ANDROMEDA'S RELEASE.
23
Occupat aversum, neu saeva retorqueat ora,
Squamigeris avidos figit cervicibus ungues :
Sic celer immisso praeceps per inane volatu
Terga ferae pressit, dextroque frementis in armo
Inachides ferrum curvo tenus abdidit hamo. A i4», c
Vubiere laesa gravi modo se sublimis in auras
60 Attollit, modo subdit aquis, modo more ferocis 106(a)
Versat apri, quem turba canum circumsona terret.
Ille avidos morsus velocibus effugit alis: [conchis,
Quaque patent, nunc terga cavis super obsitam
Nunc laterum costas, nunc qua tenuissima cauda
Desinit in piscem, falcato verberat ense.
Belua puniceo mixtos cum sanguine ductus
Ore vomit; maduere graves aspergine pennae. 128
Nec bibulis ultra Perseus talaribus ausus 106 3
Credere conspexit scopulum, qui vertice summo 118
70 Stantibus exstat aquis, operitur ab aequore moto. 122
Nixus eo rupisque tenens iuga prima sinistra
Ter quater exegit repetita per ilia ferrum.
Perseus returns and claims his bride. The Gorgon's head is laid on
the grass, and the grass and shrubs which it touches are turned to stone,
which the Nymphs take and cast into the sea—hence coral,
Litora cum plausu clamor superasque deorum
Implevere domos. Gaudent, generumque salutant,
Auxiliumque domus servatoremque fatentur
Cassiope Cepheusque pater. Resoluta catenis 123
Incedit virgo, pretiumque et causa laboris.
Ipse manus hausta victrices abluit unda:
Anguiferumque caput dura ne laedat arena, A163. b. ii.
80 Mollit humum foliis, natasque sub aequore virgas
Stemit, et imponit Phorcynidos ora Medusae.
Virga recens bibulaque etiamnum viva medulla 115
Vim rapuit monstri, tactuque induruit huius, lU
Percepitque novum ramis et fronde rigorem.
At pelagi nymphae factum mirabile temptant
Pluribus in virgis, et idem contingere gaudent,
Seminaque ex illis iterant iactata per undas.
Nunc quoque curaliis eadem natura remansit,
Duritiara tacto capiant ut ab acre, quodque V
90 Vimen in aequore erat, fiat super aequora saxum.
24
VII.
THE SPIDER'S WEB.
(vi. S—145, with omissions.)
Their cloth ne'er Turks nor Tartars varied more
Nor such adorned the web Arachne wove.—Daktb.
ARGUMENT.
A.R ACHNE, daughter of Idnum, a dyer of Colofhon, challenges Pallas to a '
trial of skUl in embroidery. Pallas, enraged to find that even she
must allow herself equalled if not beaten, tears her rivals vtork to
pieces and turns her into a spider.
The fame of Arachnds work is spread over all Lydia; the nymphs
themselves come to see her at her loom. ' Pallas' self must have taught
her,' they say; but she scorns the insinuation and offers to try her Ml
against the goddess.
Inde animum Pallas fatis intendit Arachnes, 104(a)
Quam sibi lanificae non cedere laudibus artis 116
Audierat Non ilia loco nee origine gentis
Clara, sed arte fuit. Pater huic Colophonius Idmonio?
Phocaico bibulas tingebat murice lanas :
Occiderat mater, sed et haec de plebe suoque
Aequa viro fuerat. Lydas tamen ilia per urbes
Quaesierat studio nomen memorabile, quamvis a»63,vi.3
(5rta domo parva parvis habitabat Hypaepis. 123,121b
lo Huius ut aspicerent opus admirabile, saepe /. 163,11.
Deseruere sui nymphae vineta Timoli, 146
Deseruere suas nymphae Pactolides undas.
Nec factas solum vestes spectare iuvabat: /.169,1a
Tum quoque, quum fierent; tantus decor affuit arti: 107 b
Sive rudem primos lanam glomerabat in orbes,
Sen digitis subigebat opus, repetitaque longo
Vellera mollibat nebulas aequantia tractu
■ Sive levi teretem versabat pollice fusum,
Seu pingebat acu : scires a Pallade doctam. 112,1226
20 Quod tamen ipsa negat, tantaque offensa magistra 111
'Certet' ait 'mecum; nihil est. quod victa recusem.'i50
THE SPIDER'S WEB.
25
Pallas, in the shape of an old woman, comes to her and counsels her
not to boast herself against the mddess. Areuhne replies insolently,
'Don't tell met If she is best, why does she avoid the contest i Why
does she not come herself ?'
Pallas anum simulat, falsosque in tempora canos
Addit, et infirmos baculo qnoque sustinet artus.
Turn sic orsa loqui: ' Non omnia grandior aetas,
Quae fiigiamus, habet; seris venit usus ab annis; 150
Consilium ne speme meum. Tibi fama petatur
Inter mortales faciendae maxima lanae :
Cede deae, veniamque tuis, temeraria, dictis 106(4)
Supplice voce roga; veniam dabit ilia roganti.'
30 Aspicit banc torvis, inceptaque fila relinquit:
Vixque manum retinens, confessaque vultibus iram
Talibus obscuram resecuta est Pallada dictis:
' Mentis inops longaque venis confecta senecta :
Et nimium vbdsse diu nocet. Audiat istas, 1401
Siqua tibi nurus est, siqua est tibi filia, voces.
Consilii satis est in me mihi; neve monendo 107,1414
Profecisse putes, eadem est sententia nobis. A 'fij. "•
Cur non ipsa venit ? cur haec certamina vitat ?'
' She is here,' is the reply, and Pallas throws off her disguise. They
proceed to the trial; the loom is set up,
Tum dea ' Venit! * ait, formamque removit anilem,
40 Palladaque exhibuit. Venerantur numina nymphae
Mygdonidesque nurus. Sola est non territa virgo.
Sed tamen erubuit, subitusque invita notavit
Ora rubor, rursusque evanuit; ut solet aer
Purpureus fieri, cum primum Aurora movetur,
Et breve post tempus candescere solis ab ortu.
Perstat in incepto, stolidaeque cupidine pabnae
In sua fata ruit; neque enim love nata recusat, 123
Nec monet ulterius, nec iam certamina differt
Haud mora, consistunt diversis partibus ambae,
50 Et gracili geminas intendunt stamine telas.
Tela iugo vincta est, stamen secemit arundo,
Inseritur medium radiis subtemen acutis, 112
Quod digiti expediunt, atque inter stamina ductum
Percusso feriun^insecti pectine dentes.
26
STORIES FROM OVID.
[vil.
Utraque festinant cinctaeque ad pectora vestes {«.
Bracchia docta movent, studio faJlente laborem.
lUic et Tyrium quae purpura sensit aenum
Texitur, et tenues parvi discriminis umbrae: 128
Qualis ab imbre solet percussis solibus arcus
60 Inficere ingenti longum curvamine caelum :
In quo diversi niteant quum mille colores,
Transitus ipse tamen spectantia lumina fallit:
Usque adeo quod tangit idem est; tamen ultima distant
Illic et lentum filis immittitur aurum, l06a
Et vetus in tela deducitur argumentum.
77ie work of Pallas represents the trial between herself and Neptune
for the naming of Athens,
Cecropia Pallas scopulum Mavortis in arce
Pingit, et antiquum de terrae nomine litem.
Bis sex caelestes medio love sedibus altis
Augusta gravitate sedent. Sua quemque deorum |
70 Inscribit facies. lovis est regalis imago.
Stare deum pelagi, longoque ferire tridente /. 170,1.20(2)
Aspera saxa facit, medioque e vulnere saxi
Exsiluisse ferum, quo pignore vindicet urbem. 160
At sibi dat clipeum, dat acutae cuspidis hastam, 128
Dat galeam capiti, defenditur aegide pectus :
Percussamque sua simulat de cuspide terram 140 3
Edere cum bacis fetum canentis olivae :
Mirarique deos. Operi victoria finis.
Circuit extremas oleis pacalibus oras.
80 Is modus est, operisque sua facit arbore finem.
ArachnPs design is the abduction of Europa.
Maeonis elusam designat imagine tauri
Europam; verum taurum, freta vera putares.
Ipsa videbatur terras spectare relictas
Et comites clamare suas, tactumque vereri
Assilientis aquae, timidasque reducere plantas.
Ultima pars telae tenui circumdata limbo
Nexilibus flores hederis habet intertextos.
/. 152, II. c
A 140, B»
106(a)
VII.]
THE SPIDER'S WEB.
27
No envy can deny the excellence of the work : so Pallas in spite tears
it in pieces. Arachne hangs herself; but Pallas turns her into a spider.
Non illud Pallas, non illud carpere livor
Possit opus. Doluit successu dava virago, p. 153, n. d ui
90 £t rupit pictas, caelestia crimina, vestes:
Utque Cytoriaco radium de monte tenebat,
Ter quater Idmoniae frontem percussit Arachnes.
Non tulit infelix, laqueoque animosa ligavit
Guttura. Pendentem Pallas miserata levavit,
Atque ita ' Vive quidem, pende tamen, improba' dixit:
' Lexque eadem poenae, ne sis secura futuri, A139, e «
Dicta tuo generi serisque nepotibus esto.' >. 15s, i"**- a
Post ea discedens sucis Hecateidos barbae
Sparsit, et extemplo tristi medicamine tactae
TOO Defluxere comae, cum quis et naris et aures,
Fitque caput minimum; toto quoque corpora 116
In latere exiles digiti pro cruribus haerent; [parva est:
Cetera venter habet, de quo tamen ilia remittit
Stamen, et antiquas exercet aranea telas.
28
vin.
LATONA'S REVENGE.
(vu 148—315.)
Tbe trembling knee
And fiantic gaM of lonely Niobe,
Poor, lonely Niobe! when her lovely young
Were dead and gone, and her cares^g tongue
I.ay a lost thing upon her ^y lip,
And very, very deadliness did nip
Her motWly cheeks.—Keats.
ARGUMENT.
Niobe, daughter of Tantalus, andwifeof Amphion, is the mother of saen
sons and seven daughters, of whose beauty she boasts, and claims to
have more right to divine honour than Latosta, the mother of ApoUo
and Diana. Latona appeals to her children to avenge the insult,
and all Niobis lovely young are slain.
{This story is the subject of a famous group of sculpture at Floretue, an
outline of which is engraved in the StudenPs Greece, p. 552.)
The women of Thebes are commanded to pay divine honours to Latona.
Ante suds Niobe thalamos cognoverat illam,
Turn cum Maeoniam virgo Sipylumque colebat:
Nee tamen admonita est poena popularis Arachnes
Cedere caelitibus, verbisque minoribus uti. 106(4), U9(a)
Multa dabant animos; sed enim nec coniugis artes,
Nee genus amborum magnique potentia regni
Sic placuere illi, quamvis ea cuncta placerent, a 16s. vi. 3
Ut sua progenies; et felicissima matrum 130
Dicta foret Niobe, si non sibi visa fuisset >.164, v. 1(3)
10 Nam sata Tiresia venturi praescia Manto 123,132
Per medias fuerat, divino concha motu,
Vaticinata vias : ' Ismenides, he frequentes,
Et date Latonae Latonigenisque duobus
Cum prece tura pia, lauroque iimectite crinem: 112
Ore meo Latona iuT^et'
LATONA'S REVENGE.
29
Tht women crowd to her altar, but with them comes Niobe, who bids
them depart without more ado. ' As well give worship to met I am a
princess and a qtteen, with every advantage of birth and wealth—the
mother <f fourteen children : she is a low-born outcast, whom nor earth
nor sky nor sea would receive—all but childless with her beggarly two.'
Paretur, et omnes y.x^E(b)
Thebaides iussis sua tempora frondibus ornant,
Turaque dant Sanctis et verba precantia flammis.
Ecce venit comitum Niobe celeberrima turba,
Vestibus intexto Phrygiis spectabilis auro 106 («)
20 Et, quantum ira sini^ formosa movensque decoro
Cum capite immissos humerum per utrumque capillos.
Constitit, utque oculos circumtulit alta superbos, 152,11.(2)
' Quis furor, auditos' inquit' praeponere visis 140,106 (a)
Caelestes ? aut cur colitur Latona per aras,
Numen adhuc sine ture meum est ? Mihi Tantalus auctor,
Cdi licuit soli superorum tangere mensas. a 14s, Fas
Pleiadum soror est genetrix mea; maximus Atlas
Est avus, aetherium qui fert cervicibus axem :
luppiter alter avus; socero quoque glorior iUo. Ill
30 Me gentes metuunt Phrygiae, me regia Cadmi
Sub domina est, fidibusque mei commissa mariti
Moenia cum populis a meque viroque reguntur. 122 b
In quamcumque domus adverti lumina partem,
Immensae spectantur opes. Accedit eodem
Digna dea facies. Hue natas adice septem U9a
Et totidem iuvenes, et mox generosque nurusque. ,
Quaerite nvmc,habeatquam nostra superbiacausam, | a '3.
Nescio quoque audete satam Titanida Coeo 128
Latonam praeferre mihi, cui maxima quondam 106 (3)
40 -Exiguam sedem pariturae terra negavit.
Nec caelo, nec humo, nec aquis dea vestra recepta est;
Exsul erat mtmdi, donee, miserata vagantem, 136
" Hospita tu terris erras, ego " dixit " in undis,"
Instabilemque locum Delos dedit Ilia duorum
Facta parens; uteri pars haec est septima nostri.
Sum felix; quis enim neget hoc ? felixque manebo;
Hoc quoque quis dubitet? tutam me copia fecit.
Maior sum, quam cui possit Fortuna nocere: 106 (3). 150
Multaque ut eri^at, multo mihi plura relinquet 152,1.(5)
30
STORIES FROM OVID.
[viii.
50 Excessere metum mea iam bona. Fingite demi
Huic aliquid populo natorum posse meorum,
Non tamen ad numerum redigar spoliata duorum,
Latonae turbam. Quae quantum distat ab orba?
Ite, satisque superque sacri j laurumque capillis>.i4«,c.(fl
Ponite.' /•1391D
The wotnm ob^, and Latonds anger is kindled. She calls on her
children to avenge the insult.
Deponunt, infectaque sacra relinquunt,
Quodque licet, tacito venerantur munnure numen
Indignata dea est, summoque in vertice Cynthi
Talibus est dictis gemina cum prole locuta:
' En ego vestra parens, vobis animosa creatis, ill, 125
60 Et, nisi lunoni, nuUi cessura dearum, /. 165. note*
An dea sim, dubitor; perque omnia saecula cultis 149
Arceor, o nati, nisi vos succurritis, aris.
Nec dolor hie solus; diro convicia facto
Tantalis adiecit, vosque est postponere natis 106 («)
Ausa suis, et me, quod in ipsam reccidat, orbam /.153.G
Dixit, et exhibuit Unguam scelerata patemam.'
Adiectura preces erat his Latona relatis :
' Desine' Phoebus ait, ' poenae mora longa querella est'
Dixit idem Phoebe; celerique per aera lapsu
70 Contigerant tecti Cadmeida nubibus arcem.
The sons of Niobe are in the plain, engaged in manly exercises—some
riding, some wrestling; Apollo slays them all.
Planus erat lateque patens prope moenia campus,
Assiduis pulsatus equis, ubi turba rotarum
Duraque mollierat subiectas ungula glebas.
Pars ibi de septem genitis Amphione fortes 123
Conscendunt in equos, Tyrioque rubentia suco
Terga premunt, auroque graves moderantur habenas.
E quibus Ismenus, dum certum flectit in orbem 153 (a)
Quadrupedis cursus, spumantiaque ora coercet,
' Hei mihi!' conclamat, medioque in pectore fea
80 Tela gerit, frenisque manu moriente remissis 123
In latus a dextro paulatim defluit armO.
Proximus, audito sonitu per inane pharetrae, 125
VIII.]
LATONA'S REVENGE.
31
Frena dabat Sipylus: veluti cum praescius imbris 132
Nube fugit visa, pendentiaque undique rector
Carbasa deducit, ne qua levis effluat aura, p. 163.11.
Frena dabat: dantem non evitabile telum
Consequitur, summaque tremens cervice sagitta
Haesit, et exstabat nudum de gutture ferrum.
Ille, ut erat pronus, per colla admissa iubasque
90 Volvitur, et calido tellurem sanguine foedat U2
Phaedimus infelix et aviti nominis heres
Tantalus, ut solito finem imposuere labori, 106
Transierant ad opus nitidae iuvenile palaestrae:
Et iam contulerant arto luctantia nexu
Pectora pectoribus, quum tento concita nervo, 106(«)
Sicut erant iuncti, traiecit utrumque sagitta.
Ingemuere simul, simul incurvata dolore
Membra solo posuere, simul suprema iacentes
Lumina versarunt, animam simul exhalarunt.
100 Aspicit Alphenor, laniataque pectora plangens
Advolat, ut gelidos complexibus allevet artus:
Inque pio cadit officio; nam Delius illi 107
Intima fatifero rupit praecordia ferro.
Quod simul eductum, pars est pulmonis in hamis
Eruta, cumque anima cruor est effusus in auras.
At non intonsum simplex Damasichthona vulnus
Afficit. Ictus erat, qua crus esse incipit, et qua
Mollia nervosus facit intemodia poples;
Dumque manu temptat trahere exitiabile telum, 163 (2)
no Altera per iugulum pennis tenus acta sagitta est /. 142, c («)
Expulit banc sanguis, seque eiaculatus in altum
Emicat, et longe terebrata prosilit aura.
Ultimus Ilioneus non profectura precando 1413
Bracchia sustulerat,<di'que 'o communiter omnes,'
Dixerat, ignarus non omnes esse rogandos,
' Parcite 1' Motus erat, quum iam revocabile telum
Non fuit, Arcitenens; minimo tamen occidit ille
Vulnere, non alte percusso corde sagitta.
Amphion. kills himself in grirf: the people recognise Latona's divinity ;
hut Niobe, in the midst of her bereavement, boasts still: she has still her
seven daughters left.
Fama mali populique dolor lacrimaeque suorum
120 Tarn subitae tnatrem certam fecere ruinae 133
32 STORIES FROM OVID. [VIIL
Mirantem potuisse, irascentemque, quod ausi
Hoc essent superi, quod tantum iuris haberent>.i68,2{i)
Nam pater Amphion ferro per pectus adacto 185
Finierat moriens pariter cum luce dolorem.
Heu qumitum haec Niobe Niobe distabat ab ilia,
Quae modo Latois populum summoverat aris, 123
Et mediam tulerat gressus resupina per urbem,
Invidiosa suis: at nunc miseranda vel hosti. 106(3)
Corporibus gelidis incumbit, et ordine nullo" 106(a)
130 Oscula dispensat natos suprema per omnes.
A quibus ad caelum liventia bracchia tollens,
' Pascere, crudelis, nostro, Latona, dolore, 119
Pascere' ait, ' satiaque meo tua pectora luctu :
Corque ferum satia dixit; ' per funera septem
Efferor; exsulta, victrixque inimica triumpha.
Cur autem victrix? miserae mihi plura supersimt,
Quaiix tibi felicL Post tot quoque funera vinco.'
Bui the words are hardly out of her mouth when the twang of a bow is
heard. First one daughter, thm another falls, till one only remains.
Her mother begs that one may be spared to iter, but in vain.
Dixerat, et sonuit contento nervus ab arcu:
Qui praeter Nioben unam conterruit omnes.
140 Ilia malo est audax. Stabant cum vestibus atris 111
Ante toros fratrum demisso crine sorores. 115
E quibus una trahens haerentia viscere tela
Imposito fratri moribunda relanguit ore. 106(a)
Altera solari miseram conata parentem 140 4
Conticuit subito, duplicataque vulnere caeco est.
Haec frustra iiigiens collabitur; ilia sorori
Immoritur; latet haec; illam trepidare videres. p. is». n. c
Sexque datis leto diversaque vulnera passis
Ultima restabat, quam toto corpore mater,
150 Tota veste tegens ' Unam minimamque relinque ! 112
De multis minimam posco' clamavit' et unam.'
Dumque rogat, pro qua rogat, occidit
At last the wretched mother herself is turned to stone.
Orba resedit
Exanimes inter natos natasque virumque.
*ni.] LATONA'S REVENGE.
Diriguitque malis. Nullos movet aura capillos,
In vultu color est sine sanguine, lumina maestis
Slant immota genis; nihil est in imagine vivum.
Ipsa quoque interius cum duro lingua palato
Congelat, et venae desistunt posse moveri. 140
Nec flecti cervix, nec bracchia reddere motus,
160 Nec pes ire potest; intra quoque viscera saxum est
Flet tamen, et validi circumdata turbine venti 112
In patriam rapta est. Ibi fixa cacumine montis
Liquitur, et lacrimas etiam nunc marmora manant 07
Turn vero cuncti manifestam numinis iram
Femina virque timent, cultuque impensius omnes
Magna gemelliparae venerantur numina divae.
u
34
IX.
PROSERPINE.
(v. 385—545. 564—571)
That fair field
Of Enna where Proserpine gathering flowers*
Herself a fairer flower, by gloomy Dis
Was gathered, which cost Ceres all that pain
To seek her through the world.
Milton, Paradise Lost, iv. 368'272.
{This story is told by Ovid in another place, Fasti iv. 419—618.
' Stories from Ovid in Elegiac verse,' No. I.)
Proserpine ^hering fawers in the valley of Henna, in Sicily, is
carried off by Pluto.
Haud procul Hennaeis lacus est a moenibus altae, 128
Nomine Fergus, aquae. Non illo plura Caystros
Carmina cycnorum labentibus audit in undis.
Silva coronat aquas cingens latus omne, suisque
"Frondibus ut velo Phoebeos summovet ignes.
Frigora dant rami, Tyrios humus humida flores ;
Perpetuum ver est. Quo dum Proserpina luco
Ludit, et aut violas aut Candida lilia carpit,
Dumque puellari studio calathosque sinumque us
10 Implet, et aequales certat superare legendo, 1414
■ Paene simul visa est dilectaque raptaque Diti: Vil(di
Usque adeo est properatus amor. Dea territa maesto
Et matrem et comites, sed matrem saepius, ore
Clamat; et ut summa vestem laniarat ab ora, 152, n.«
CoUecti flores tunicis cecidere remissis.
Tantaque simplicitas puerilibus afluit annis,
Haec quoque virgineum movit iactura dolorem.
Raptor agit currus, et nomine quemque vocatos
Exhortatur equos, quorum per colla iubasque
20 Excutit obscura tinctas ferrugine habenas.
Perque lacus altos et olentia sulphure fertur 111
Stagna Palicorum, rupta ferventia terra : 128
Et qua Bacchiadae, birhari gens orta Corintho,
Inter inaequales posuerunt moenia portus.
1X.1
PROSERPINE.
35
Cyane, nymph of a fountain near Syracuse, in vain tries to arrest their
flight: Pluto sets her prayers at nought, and plunges into the waters,
opening a way to the r^ms bdow, Cyatu pines away teith vexation.
Est medium Cyanes et Pisaeae Arethusae,
Quod ooit angustis inclusum comibus aequor.
Hie fuit, a cuius stagnum quoque nomine dictum est,
Inter Sicelidas Cyane celeberrima n)maphas.
Gurgite quae medio summa tenus extitit alvo, p-14». C(a)
30 Agnovitque deam. ' Nec longius ibitis' inquit:
' Noh potes invitae Ceteris genet esse; roganda,
N-on rapienda fuit Quod si componere magnis
Parva mihi fas est, et me dilexit Anapus:
Exorata tamen, nec, ut haec, exterrita nupsL'
Dixit, et in partes diversas' bracchia tendens
Obstitit. Hand ultra tenuit Satumius iram,
Terribilesque hortatus equos in gurgitis ima
Contortum valido sceptrum regale lacerto
Condidit Icta viam tellus in Tartara fecit,
40 Et pronos currus medio cratere recepit.
At Cyane raptamque deam contemptaque fontis
lura sui maerens, inconsolabile vulnus
Mente gerit tacita, lacrimisque absumitur omnis :
Et quarum fuerat magnum modo numen, in illas
Extenuatur aquas. Molliri membra videres, p. 152, il. c
Ossa pati flexus, ungues posuisse rigorem :
Primaque de tota tenuissima quaeque liquescunt,
Caerulei crines, digitique et crura pedesque :
Nam brevis in g^lidas membris exilibus undas 107
50 Transitus est; post haec humeri tergusque latusque •
Pectoraque in tenues abeunt evanida rivos.
Denique pro vivo vitiatas sanguine venas
Lympha subit,restatque nihil, quod prendere possis. 160
Meanwhile Ceres day and night is hunting for her daughter. At the
end of the second day she comes to a cottage, the mistress of which gives
her food and drink. A boy comes up and calls her greedy—whereupon he
is turned into a lizard.
Interea pavidae nequiquam filia matri 107
Omnibus est terris, omni quaesita profundo,
Illam non udis veniens Aurora capillis 115
Cessantem vidit, non Hesperus ; ilia duabus
144 2
106 o
130
1216
STORIES FROM OVID.
Flammiferas pinus manibus succendit ab Aetna,
Perque pruinosas tulit irrequieta tenebras.
60 Rursus ubi alma dies hebetarat sidera, natam
Soils ad occasum soils quaerebat ab ortu.^
Fessa labore sltlm collegerat, oraque nulll
Colluerant fontes, quum tectam stramlne vldlt 112
Forte casam, parvasque fores pulsavlt j at Inde
Prodlt anus, dlvamque vldet, lymphamque rogantl
Dulce dedlt, tosta quod texerat ante polenta.
Dum biblt 111a datum, durl puer oris et audax 128
Constltlt ante deam, risltque, avldamque vocavlt
Offensa est; neque adhuc epota parte loquentem 125
70 Cum llquido mixta perfudlt diva polenta.
Comblblt OS maculas, et quae modo bracchla gesslt,
Crura gerlt; Cauda est mutatis addita membris: 104
Inque brevem formam, ne sit vis magna nocendl, A163, n
Contrahitur, parvaque minor mensura lacerta est
Mlrantem flentemque et tangere monstra parantem
Fugit anum, latebramque petit aptumque colori
Nomen habet, varlls stellatus corpora guttls. 100
Al last she comes to Cyane, and seeing her daughters girdle, concludes
that she has passed that way.
Quas dea per terras et quas erraverlt undas, 149
Dicere longa mora est Quaerenti defult orbls; 107 W
80 Slcanlam repetlt, dumque omnia lustrat eundo, 141(4)
Venit et ad Cyanen. Ea nl mutata fulsset, a 164, v. 3
Omnia narrasset, sed et os et lingua volenti
Dicere non aderant, nec quo loqueretur, habebat 160
Signa tamen manifesta dedlt, notamque parentl,
Illo forte loco delapsam In gurglte sacro,
Persephones zonam summls ostendlt In undls. a 139. c t
Quam simul agnovit, tamquam tunc denlque raptam
Sclsset, Inornatos laniavlt diva caplllos, A i6s, vii.
Et repetita suls percusslt pectora palmls.
Isiill she knows not where her daughter is: btd to punish the land stops
its productiveness.
90 Nescit adhuc, ubl sit; terras tamen Increpat omnes 149
Ingratasque vocat nec frugum munere dignas: 119 («)
IX.]
PROSERPINE.
37
Trinacriain ante alias, in qua vestigia damni
Repperit Ergo illic saeva vertentia glebas
Fregit aratra manu, parilique irata colonos
Ruricolasque boves leto dedit, arvaque iussit
Fallere depositum, vitiataque semina fecit.
Fertilitas terrae latum vulgata per orbem
Falsa iacet; primis segetes moriuntur in herbis,
Et mode sol nimius, nimius modo corripit imber:
loo Sideraque ventique nocent, avidaeque volucres
Semina iacta legunt; lolium tribulique fatigant
Triticeas messes et inexpugnabile gramen.
At last Arethusa tells her that her daughter is queen of Hades.
Turn caput Eleis Alpheias extulit undis,
Rorantesque comas a fronte removit ad aures,
Atque ait' O toto quaesitae virginis orbe
Et frugum genetrix, immensos siste labores,
Neve tibi fidae violenta irascere terrae; 106 3
Terra nihil meruit, patuitque invita rapinae. 1061
Nec sum pro patria supplex; hue hospita veni.
110 Pisa mihi patria est, et ab Elide ducimus ortus;
Sicaniam peregrina colo, sed gratior omni
Haec mihi terra solo est. Hoc nunc Arethusa Penates,
Hanc habeo sedem, quam tu, mitissima, serva.
Mota loco cur sim tantique per aequoris undas ia.3.149
Advehar Ortygiam, veniet narratibus bora
Tempestiva meis, cum tu curaque levata 106 3
Et vultus melioris eris. Mihi pervia tellus 128
Praebet iter, subterque imas ablata cavernas
Hie caput attollo, desuetaque sidera cemo.
120 Ergo dum Stygio sub terris gurgite labor,
Visa tua est oculis illic Proserpina nostris:
Ilia quidem tristis, neque adhuc interrita vultu,
Sed regina tamen, sed opaci maxima mundi, /. 139X3
Sed tamen infemi pollens matrona tyranni.'
Ceres hies straight to fupiter, to demand her daughters return
fupiter consents on the one condition, that Proserpine has eaten nothing
in the nether world.
Mater ad auditas stupuit ceu saxea voces,
Attonitaeque diu similis fuit Utque dolore
38
STORIES FROM OVID.
[IX
Pulsa gravi gravis est amentia, curribus auras
Exit in aetherias; ibi toto nubila vultu
Ante lovem passis stetit invidiosa capillis: 115
130 ' Proque meo veni supplex tibi, luppiter,' inquit,
' Sanguine, proque tuo. Si nulla est gratia matris,
Nata patrem moveat; neu sit tibi cura, precamur,
Vilior illius, quod nostro est edita partu. 132,123
En quaesita diu tandem mihi nata reperta est:
Si reperire vocas amittere certius, aut si [1401,>. 163, in.
Scire, ubi sit, reperire vocas. Quod rapta, feremus:
Dummodo reddat eam, neque enim praedone marito
Filia digna tua est...siiammeafilianonest'[152,1.4,119<>
luppiter excepit' Commune est pignus onusque
140 Nata mihi tecum; sed si modo nomina rebus
Addere vera placet, non hoc iniuria factum, [pudori,
Verum amor est Neque erit nobis gener ille 108
Tu modo, diva, velis. Ut desint cetera
quantum est l 152,1.4.5
Esse lovis fratrem! Quid quod nec cetera desunt, 94 2
Nec cedit nisi sorte mihi Sed tanta cupido 113 ,
Si tibi discidii est, repetet Proserpina caelum, 132
Lege tamen certa, si nullos contigit illic 114
Ore cibos; nam sic Parcarum foedere cautum est'
The condition, unhappily, is not fulfilled, so a compromise is effected.
Proserpine is to divide the year between her husband and her mother.
Dixerat AtCerericertumesteducerenatam.
150 Non ita fata sinunt, quoniam ieiunia virgo
Solverat et cultis dum simplex errat in hortis, 153 (2)
Poeniceum curva decerpserat arbore pomum, 122 «
Sumptaque pallenti septem de cortice grana
Presserat ore suo. Solusque ex omnibus illud
Ascalaphus vidit, quem quondam diciturOrphne,/. 140, Bi
Inter Avemales baud ignotissima nymphas,
Ex Acheronte suo silvis peperisse sub atris :
Vidit, et indicio reditum crudelis ademit. 113
Ingemuit regina Erebi, testemque profanam 99
160 Fecit avem, sparsumque caput Phlegethontide lympha
In rostrum et plumas et grandia lumina vertit .
PROSERPINE.
39
At medius fratrisque sui maestaeque sororis
luppiter ex aequo volventem dividit annum.
Nunc dea, regnorum numen commune duorum,
Cum matre est totidem, totidem cum coniuge 102(0
Vertitur extemplo fades et mentis et oris: [menses.
Nam modo quae poterat Diti quoque maesta videri,
Laeta deae frons est ut sol, qui tectus aquosis
Nubibus ante fuit, victis e nubibus exit
40
z.
THE CYCLOPS.
(XIII. 750—897 )
I melt. I rage. I bnra!
Tlie feeUe god hath stabbed me to the heart.
ARGUMENT.
Acis is loved by the nymph Ga.aiea, and Polyphemus the Cyclops, jealous
of him, crushes him under a huge roch. His blood gushing forth
from under the rock is changed into the river Acis.
(The story in this shape is found only in Ovid. The unstucessful love
of Polyphemus is the subject of an idyll of Theocritus, a Sicilian poet
who lived about 260 B.C., from which Ovid has borrowed largely. The
delightful Cantata of Handel has made the story known everywhere.')
Galatea confesses her love for Acis and her hatred of the Cyclops, whose
siate,however,shows what power love has. His old cruelty is gone, and
his love ofspvil, he is even regardless of his own safety.
' Acis erat Fauno nymphaque Symaethide cretus, 183
Magna quidem patrisque sui matrisque voluptas,
Nostra tamen maior; nam me sibi iunxerat unL 106 («)
Pulcher et octonis iterum natalibus actis
Signarat dubia teneras lanugine malas.
Hunc ego, me Cyclops nulla cum fine petebat:
Nec, si quaesieris, odium Cyclopis, amome p. i64,v. i (a)
Addis in nobis fuerit praesentior, edam : p. 14a, b
Par utrumque fuit. i^o quanta potentia regni
10 Est, Venus alma, tui! nempe ille immitis et ipsis
Horrendus silvis, et visus ab hospite nullo 107 (<0
Impune, et magni cum dis contemptor Olympi, 132
Quid sit amor, sentit, nostrique cupidinecaptus 149,132(a)
Uritur, oblitus pecorum antrorumque suorum. 133
lamque tibi formae, iamque est tibi cura placendi, 141 a
lam rigidos pectis rastris, Polypheme, capillos :
lam libet hirsutam tibi falce recidere barbam,
Et spectare feros in aqua et componere vultiis.
Caedis amor feritasque sitisque immensa cruoris
2o Cessant, et tutae veniuntque abeuntque carinae.
X.]
THE CYCLOPS.
Telemus interea Siculam delatus ad Aetnen,
Telemus Eurymides, quem nvilla fefellerat ales, [unum
Terribilem Polyphemon adit, "Lumen" que, "quodA133.d
Fronte geris media, rapiet tibi" dixit " Ulixes." 106(3)
Risit, et " O vatum stolidissime, falleris " inquit: 130
" Altera iam rapuit" Sic frustra vera monentem
Spernit, et aut gradiens ingenti litora passu
Degravat, aut fessus sub opaca revertitur antra.
Hay, such is its power that the monster appears in a new character, as
a minstrel, and sings Galatea's charms and bewails her coldness.
Prominet in pontum cuneatus acumine longo
30 Collis; utrumque latus circumfluit aequoris unda.
Hue ferus ascendit Cyclops, mediusque resedit;
Lanigerae pecudes, nullo ducente, secutae. 125
Cui postquam pinus, baculi quae praebuit usum,
Ante pedes posita est, antemnis apta ferendis,
Sumptaque anmdinibus compacta est fistula centum,
Senserunt toti pastoria sibila montes,
Senserunt undae. Latitans ego rupe, meique
Acidis in gremio residens, procul auribus hausi
Talia dicta meis, auditaque mente notavi:
40 " Candidior folio nivei, Galatea, ligustri,
Floridior pratis, longa procerior alno,
Splendidior vitro, tenero lascivior haedo,
Levior assiduo detritis aequore conchis,
Solibus hibemis, aestiva gratior umbra,
Nobilior forda, platano conspectior alta,
Lucidior glacie, matura dulcior uva,
Mollior et cygni plumis et lacte coacto,
Et, si non fugias, riguo formosior horto : 1641(2)
Saevior indomitis eadem Galatea iuvencis,
50 Durior annosa quercu, fallacior undis,
Lentior et salicis virgis et vitibus albis.
His immobilior scopulis, violentior amne.
Laudato pavone superbior, acrior igni,
Asperior tribulis, feta truculentior ursa,
Surdior aequoribus, calcato immitior hydro,
Et, quodpraecipjje vellem tibi demere possem, A»5a,ii D.154
49 STORIES FROM OVID. l*.
Non tantum cervo claris latratibus acto,
Verum etiam ventis volucrique fugacior aura 1
At, bene si noris, pigeat fugisse: morasque /. 164, v. i (a)
60 Ipsa tuas damnes et me retinere labores.
He proceeds to recount all that he has to offer.
Sunt mihi, pars mentis, vivo pendentia saxo
Antra, quibus nec sol medio sentitur in aestu, p. 137, f
Nec sentitur hiems; sunt poma gravantia ramos:
Sunt auro similes longis in vitibus uvae :
Sunt et purpureae; tibi et has servamus, et illas.
Ipsa tuis manibus silvestri nata sub umbra
Mollia firaga leges, ipsa autumnalia coma,
Pmnaque, non solum nigro liventia suco,
Verum etiam generosa novasque imitantia ceras.
70 Nec tibi castaneae me coniuge, nec tibi deerant
Arbutei fetus; omnis tibi serviet arbos. [errant.
Hoc pecus omne meum est: multae quoque vallibus
Multas silva tegit, multae stabulantur in antris. ,6.,
Nec, si forte roges, possim tibi dicere, quot sint; )
Pauperis est numerare pecus. De laudibus harum i2t6
Nil mihi credideris; praesens potes ipsa videre,
Ut vix circumeant distentum craribus uber.
Sunt, fetura minor, tepidis in ovilibus agni:
Sunt quoque, par aetas, aliis in ovilibus haedi. 90
80 Lac mihi semper adest niveum. Pars inde bibenda 144 a
Servatur; partem liquefacta coagula durant.
Nec tibi deliciae facUes, vulgataque tantum
Munera contingent, dammae, leporesque, caperque,
Parve columbamm, demptusve cacumine nidus: 121
Inveni geminos, qui tecum ludere possint, 160
Inter se similes, vix ut dignoscere possis, p. i6a, Bi
Villosae catulos in summis montibus ursae:
Inveni, et dixi " Dominae servabimus istos." 107
Nor does he forget his personal charms.
lam modo caeruleo nitidum caput exsere ponto,
90 lam, Galatea, veni, nec munera despice nostra.
Certe ego me novi, liquidaeque in imagine vidi
Nuper aquae; placuitque mihi mea forma videnti. 106 3
THE CYCLOPS.
43
Aspice, sim quantus. Non est hoc corpora maior 149
luppiter in caelo; nam vos narrare soletis
Nescio quem regnare lovem. Coma plurima. torvos
Prominet in vultus, humerosque, ut lucus, obumbrat.
Nec mihi quod rigidis horrent densissima saetis
Corpora, turpe puta. Turpis sine frondibus arbor:
Turpis equus, nisicolla iubae flaventiavelent.A«s».ii.iA
ICO Barba .viros hirtaeque decent in corpora saetae.
Unum est in media himen mihi fronte, sad instar
Ingentis clipei. Quid ? non haec omnia mango
Sol videt e caelo ? Soli tamen unicus orbis.
Adda, quod in vestro genitor mens aequore regnat;
Hunc tibi do socerum. Tantum miserere, precesque
Supplicis exaudi, tibi enim succumbimus unL 106 (4)
Quique lovem at caelum spemo at penetrabile fulmen,
Nerei, te vereor; tua fulmine saevior ira est
He mndd not fed it so msuh, if the same indifference were shown to all
alike. But Acis had better look out.
<132
Atque ego contemptus essem patientior hums, Ja
I ID Si fugeres omnes. Sad cur Cyclope repulso ^ '«)
Acin amas ? praefersque meis amplexibus Acin ? 106 («)
Ille tamen placeatque sibi, placeatque licebit,A»S3.ii-3®'
Quod nollem, Galatea, tibi. Modo copia detur!
Sentiet esse mihi tanto pro corpora vires.
Viscera viva traham, divulsaque membra per agros,
Perque tuas spargam...sic se tibi misceati...undas.
Uror enim, laesusque exaestuat acrius ignis:
Cumque suis videor translatam viribus Aetnam
Pectore ferre meo •, nec tu, Galatea, moveris."
120 Talia nequiquam questus...nam cuncta videbam...
Surgit, at ut taurus vacca furibundus adempta, 129
Stare nequit, silvaque at notis saltibus errat:
Suddenly he catches sight of the two lovers and hurls a huge rock at
Acis, which crushes him to death.
Quum ferus ignaros, nec quicquam tale timentes
Me videt atque Acin, " Video " que exclamat " at ista
Ultima sit, faciam, veneris concordia vestrae."
Tantaque vox, guantam Cyclops iratus habere
44 STORIES FROM OVID. [x.
Debuit, ilia fiiit: clamore perhorruit Aetne. A «5«.
Ast ego vicino pavefacta sub aequore merger.
Terga fugae dederat conversa Symaethius heros,
130 Et " Fer opem, Galatea precor, mihi! ferte parentes,"
Dixerat " et vestris periturum admittite regnis."
Insequitur Cyclops, partemque e monte revulsam
Mittit; et extremes quamvis pervenit ad ilium
Angulus is mentis, totum tamen obruit Acin.
Galatea turns her lover into a stream which flows from under the
rock.
At nos, quod solum fieri per fata licebat,
Fecimus, ut vires assumeret Acis avitas.
Puniceus de mole cruor manabat, et intra
Temporis exiguum rubor evanescere coepit: 131
Fitque color prime turbati fluminis imbre,
140 Purgaturque mora. Tum moles fracta dehiscit,
Vivaque per rimas proceraque surgit arundo :
Osque cavum saxi sonat exsultantibus undis:
Miraque res, subito media tenus exstitit alvo a i4» Ca
Incinctus iuvenis flexis nova comua cannis, 100
Qui, nisi quod maior, quod toto caerulus ore,
Acis erat. Sed sic quoque erat tamen Acis, in amnem
Versus, et antiquum tenuerunt flumina nomen.'
45
xi.
THE WOOING OF BEIANIRA.
(IX. 1—97.)
For by his mighty science he could take
As many formes and shapes in seeming wise.
As ever Proteus to himselfe could make.
Spbnsbr, Fabrib Qubbnb, I. 2. lo.
ARGUMENT.
Hercules and Achelous, a river god, are rivals for the hand of
Deianira. They decide the matter by single combat, in which
Achelous assumes different shapes, but is ultimately dfeaied.
(Achelous speaks.) All other suitors gave way to Alcides and myself,
I, a god, could not yield to one who then was but a mortal.
Quae gemitus trancaeque deo Neptunius heros
Causa rogat iirontis; quum sic Calydonius amnis
Coepit, inomatos redimitus arundine crines : loO
' Triste petis munus; quis enim sua proelia victus
Commemorare velit? referam tamen ordine.
Nec tam i36,v. b
Turpe fuit vinci, quam contendisse decorum est:
Magnaque dat nobis tantus solacia victor.
Nomine siqua suo tandem pervenit ad aures
Deianira tuas, quondam pulcherrima virgo,
ID Multorumque fuit spes invidiosa procorum.
Cum quibus ut soceri domus est intrata petiti, 152, ii. s
" Accipe me generum," dixi " Parthaone nate 123
Dixit et Alcides. Alii cessere duobus. 106 4
Hie lovem socerum dare se, famamque laborum,
Et superata suae referebat iussa novercae.
Contra ego "Turpe deum mortali cedere" dixi... p. lyo, ii. i
Nondum erat ille deus... "Regem me cemis aquarum
Cursibus obliquis inter tua regna fluentem.
Nec gener extemis hospes tibi missus ab oris,
20 Sed popularis ero et rerum pars una tuarum.
Tantum ne noceat, quod me nec regia Juno /. i6i, i. 3
Odit, et omnis abest iussorum poena laborum.
Nam, quo te iactas, Alcmena nate, creatum, 183
luppiter aut fal^s pater est, aut crimine verus. 114
46
STORIES FROM OVID.
[XI.
Hercules replied that deeds, not words, must decide, and began the fray.
Talia dicentem iamdudum lumine torvo t- iso,i-a,ois.t
Spectat, et accensae non fortiter imperat irae, 106(4)
Verbaque tot reddit: " Melicr xnihi dextera lingua. 1641
Dummodo pugnando superem, tu vince loquendo," \ 152,I4
Congrediturque ferox. Puduit mode magna locutum
30 Cedere. Reieci viridem de corpore vestem,
Bracchiaque opposui, tenuique a pectore varas
In statione manus, et pugnae membra paravL
Ille cavis hausto spargit me pulvere palmis,
Inque vicem fulvae tactu flavescit arenae.
Et mode cervicem, mode crura micantia capta^
Aut captare putes, omnique a parte lacessiL p. i5». u c
Me mea defendit gravitas, frustraque petebar:
Haud secus ac moles, magno quam murmure ductus
Oppugnant; manet ilia, suoque est pondere tuta.
40 Digredimur paulum, rursusque ad bella coimus,
Inque gradu stetimus, certi non cedere; eratque/. i70» i-«(")
Cum pede pes iunctus, totoque ego pectore pronus,
Et digitos digitis, et frontem fronte premebam.
Non diter vidi fortes concurrere tauros,
, Quum pretium pugnae toto nitidissima saltu
Expetitur coniunx : spectant armenta, paventque
Nescia, quem maneat tanti victoria regnl 149
Ter sine profectu voluit nitentia contra
Reicere Alcides a se mea pectora; quarto
50 Excutit amplexus, adductaque bracchia solvit:
Impulsumque manu... certum est mihi vera fateri...
Protinus avertit, tergoque onerosus inhaesit. l08i&<»
Siqua fides, neque enim ficta mihi gloria voce
Quaeritur, imposito pressus mihi monte videbar.
Vix tamen inserui sudore fluentia multo 119 «
Bracchia, vix solvi duros a pectore nexus;
Instat anhelanti, prohibetque resumere vires,
Et cervice mea potitur. Tum denique tellus 119 <»
Pressa genu nostro est, et arenas ore momordl
Defeated in equal shape with him, I changed myself into a serpent.
60 Inferior virtute, meas divertor ad artes, U6
Elaborque viro, longum formatus in anguem. IC63
XI.]
TIIE WOOING OF DEIANIRA.
47
Qui postquam flexos sinuavi corpus in orbes,
Cumque fero movi linguam stridore bisulcam,
Risit, et illudens nostras Tirynthius artes
" Cunanim labor est angues superare mearum,"
Dixit " et ut vincas alios, Acheloe, dracones, 182,i. s
Pars quota Lemaeae serpens eris irnus echidnae ?
Vulneribus fecunda suis erat ilia, nee ullum 119 ^
De centum numero caput est impune recisum,
70 Quin gemino cervix herede valentior esset. v «
Hanc ego ramosam natis e caede colubris 110
Crescentemque malo domui, domitamque perussi.
Quid fore te credas, falsum qui versus in anguemj^LiC
Arma aliena moves, quem forma precaria celat ? "
Dixerat, et summo digitorum vincula collo
Inicit.' Angebar, ceu guttura forcipe presSus; 100
Pollicibusque meas pugnabam evellere fauces. 140 4
When that shape failed I tried that of a bull, but vainly. I even lost
a horn which Plenty uses ncrw.
Sic quoque devicto restabat tertia tauri 107
Forma trucis; tauro mutatus membra rebello, t-137,0
80 Induit ille toris a laeva parte lacertos,
Admissumque trahens sequitur, depressaque dura
Cornua iigit humo, meque alta stemit arena.
Nec satis hoc fuerat; rigidum fera dextera comu
Dum tenet, infregit, truncaque a ffonte revellit. 163 »
Naides hoc, pomis et odoro flore repletum,
Sacrarunt, divesque meo bona Copia comu est.'
Dixerat, et nymphe ritu succincta Dianae, /. 136, v. b
Una ministrarum, fusis utrimque capillis,
Incessit, totumque tulit praedivite cornu
90 Autumnum et mensas, felicia poma, secundas. 99
Lux subit, et primo feriente cacumina sole 125
Discedunt iuvenes; neque enim, dum ilumina pacem
Et placidos habeant lapsus, totaeque residant /. 163, iv. a
Opperiuntur aquae. Vultus Achelous agrestes
Et lacerum comu mediis caput abdidit undis. 119 b
aB
XII.
THE DEATH OF HERCULES.
(IX. 98—238.)
As when Alcides, from CEchalia crowned
With conquest, felt the envenomed robe, and tore
Throuf^h pain up by the roots Thessalian pines,
And Lichas from the top of CEta threw
Into the Euboic sea.—Milton, Paradise Lost, II., 549—6.
( TXm story is the stdy'ect of one of SophocW plays, the Trackinian
Women.)
Having won Deianira for his bride, Hercules returns to his home. He
tomes to the river Euenus, where Nessus the Centaur offers to earry
Deianira across, Hercules precedes, and when he reaches the other bank
hears the shrieks of his wife, whom Nessus has insulted. He shoots the
Centaur, who gives to Deianira a robe stained in his blood, telling her
that it will win her back her husband's lave, if she should ever lose it.
Hunc tamen ablati domuit iactura decoris, 132
Cetera sospes habet; capitis quoque fronde saligna 112
Aut super imposita celatur arundine damnum.
At te, Nesse ferox, eiusdem virginis ardor
Perdiderat, volucri traiectum terga sagitta. 100
Namque nova repetens patrios cum coniuge muros
Venerat Eueni rapidas love natus ad undas. 123
Uberior solito, nimbis hiemalibus auctus,
Vorticibusque frequens erat atque impervius amnis. 119 i
lo Intrepidum pro se, curam de coniuge agentem
Nessusadit,membrisquevalens,scitusquevadorum, 132
' Officio' que ' meo ripa sistetur in ilia 113
Haec' ait' Alcide; tu viribus utere nando : * 119,141 <
Pallentemque metu, fluviumque ipsumque timentem
Tradidit Aonius pavidam Calydonida Nesso..
Mox, ut erat, pharetraque gravis spolioque leonis...
Nam clavam et curvos trans ripam miserat arcus...
' Quandoquidem coepi, superentur flumina' dixit,
Nec dubitat, nec qua sit clementissimus amnis 149
2o Quaerit, et obsequio deferri spernit aquarum.
THE DEATH OF HERCULES.
49
lamque tenens ripam, missos cum tolleret arcus,
Coniugis agnovit vocem: Nessoque paranti 106 a
FaJlere depositum ' Quo te fiducia' clamat
' Vana pedum, violente, rapit ? tibi, Nesse biformis,
Dicimus j exaudi, nec res intercipe nostras.
Haud etenim efiugies, quamvis ope fidis equina./.i6s,vi.j
Vulnere, non pedibus te consequar.' Ultima dicta
Re probat, et mis'sa fugientia terga sagitta 113
Traicit. Exstabat ferrum de pectore aduncum.
30 Quod simul evulsum est, -sanguis per utrumque foramen
Emicuit, mixtus Lemaei tabe veneni.
Excipit hunc Nessus' neque enim moriemur inuiti,'
Secum ait, et calido velamina tincta cruore
Dat munus raptae, velut irritamen amoris.
A long time after this Hercules is returning from a victorious
expedition, and Deianira hears that he brings with him a beautiful
captive, of whom he is enamoured; so she sends to him by lAchas the
fatal robe.
Longa fuit medii mora temporis, actaque magni
Herculis implerant terras, odiumque novercae.
Victor ab Oechalia Cenaeo sacra parabat
Vota lovi, cum fama loquax praecessit ad aures,
Deianira, tuas, quae veris addere falsa
40 Gaudet, et e minimo sua per mendacia crescit,
Amphitryoniaden loles ardore teneri.
Credit amans, venerisque novae perterrita fama
Indulsit primo lacrimis, flendoque dolorem 106 3> 1414
Difiiidit miseranda suum; mox deinde ' Quid autem
Flemus ?' ait' pellex lacrimis laetabitur istis.
Quae quoniam adveniet, properandum, aliquidque
novandum est,
Dum licet, et nondum thalamus tenet altera nostros.
Conquerar,an sileam? repetam Calydona, moreme?/-153. e
Excedam tectis ? an, si nihil amplius, obstem ?
50 Incursus animus varios habet: omnibus illis 108(a)
Praetulit imbutam Nesseo sanguine vestem
Mittere, quae vires defecto reddat amori. 1401,160
Ignaroque Lichae, quid tradat nescia, luctus 149
Ipsa suos tradit, blandisque miserrima verbis
Dona det ilia viro, mandat. i6i,iv.a.ii. i,a
e
1061
132
50
STORIES FROM OVID.
Dtr^cuUs, suspecting nothing, puts it on : the poison eats into his Iwfy.
Capit inscius heros,
Induiturque humeris Leraaeae virus echidnae. 106(a)
Tura dabat primis et verba precantia flammis,
Vinaque marmoreas patera fundebat in aras :
Incaluit vis ilia mali, resolutaque dammis
60 Herculeos abiit late diffusa per artus.
Dum potuit, solita gemitum virtute repressit; 162,11.»
Victa malis postquam est patientia, reppulit aras,
Implevitque suis nemorosum vocibus ()eten.
Nec mora, letiferam conatur scindere vestem:
Qua trahitur, trahit ilia cutem, foedumque relatu, 1416
Aut haeret membris frustra temptata revelli, 1061
Aut laceros artus et grandia detegit ossa.
In his misery he sees in it only another proof of funds hate, and
recounts ail the toils he has undergone to pacify her.
Nec modus est, sorbent avidae praecordia dammae,
Caeruleusque duit toto de corpora sudor,
70 Ambustique sonant nervi, caecaque medullis
Tabe liquefactis tendens ad sidera palmas
' Cladibus' exclamat, ' Satumia, pascere nostris: 119
Pascere, et banc pestem specta, crudelis, ab alto,
Corque ferum satia; vel si miserandus et hosti, 107(<Q
Hostis enim tibi sum, diris cruciatibus aegram
Invisamque animam natamque laboribus aufer.
Mors mihi munus erit: decet haec dare dona novercam.
Ergo ego foedantem peregrino templa cruore
Busirin domui ? sa'evoque alimenta parentis
80 Antaeo eripui? nec me pastoris Hiberi 106 3
Forma triplex, nec forma triplex tua, Cerbere,movit?
Vosne, manus, validi pressistis comua taiui?
Vestrum opus Elis habet, vestrum Stymphalides undae,
Partheniumque nemus ? vestra virtute relatus
Thermodontiaco caelatus balteus auro,
Pomaque ab insomni concustodita dracone?
Nec mihi Ontauri potuere resistere, nec mi 106 a./. 135,6
Arcadiae vastator aper? nec profuit hydrae
Crescere per damnum, geminasque resumere vires ? 1401
XII.]
THE DEATH OF HERCULES.
90 Quid, cum Thracis equos humane sanguine pingues
Plenaque corporibus laceris praesepia vidi,
Visaque deieci, dominuraque ipsosque peremi ?
His elisa iacet moles Nemeaea lacertis ;
Hac caelum cervice tulL Defessa iubendo est 1414
Saeva lovis coniunx; ego sum indefessus agendo.
Sed nova pestis adest, cui nec virtute resisti, 144, E
Nec telis armisque potest. Pulmonibus errat
Ignis edax imis, perque omnes pascitur artus.
At valet Eurystheus ! Et sunt, qui credere possint 160
100 Essedeos!'
As he roams about in his pain he catches sight of Lichas, the innocent
author of it. He seizes him and hurls him into the Euboean Sea.
Dixit, perque altum saucius Oeten
Haud aliter graditur, quam si venabula taurus /. 165, vii.
Corpore fixa gerat, factique refugerit auctor. 127
Saepe ilium gemitus edentem, saepe frementem,
Saepe retemptantem totas refringere vestes,
Sternentemque trabes, irascentemque videres
Montibus, aut patrio tendentem bracchia caelo. 106 3
Ecce Lichan trepidum latitantem rupe cavata
Aspicit; utque dolor rabiem collegerat omnem, 152,11.2
'Tune, Licha,' dixit 'feralia dona dedisti?
no Tune meae necis auctor eris?' Tremit ille, pavetque
Pallidus, et timide verba excusantia dicit.
Dicentem genibusque manus adhibere parantem 1061
Corripit Alcides, et terque quaterque rotatum
Mittit in Euboicas tormento fortius undas. I24 i
Ille per aerias pendens induruit auras;
Utque ferunt imbres gelidis concrescere ventis,
Inde nives fieri, nivibus quoque molle rotatis
Astringi, et spissa glomerari grandine corpus:
Sic ilium validis actum per inane lacertis
120 Exsanguemque metu nec quicquam humoris 111,131
In rigidos versum silices prior edidit aetas. [habentem.
Nunc quoque in Euboico scopulus brevis emicat alto
Gurgite, et humanae servat vestigia formae,
Quem, quasi sensurum, nautae calcare verentur,
Appellantque Lichan.
52
STORIES FROM OVID.
[xil.
He then builds a pyre, gives his bow and quiver to Philocietes, and lies
down upon it. Philoetetes sets fire to the wood and the hero dies.
At tu, lovis inclita proles,
Arboribus caesis, quas ardua gesserat Oete, 91
Inque pyram structis, arcum pharetramque capacem
Regnaque visuras iterum Troiana sagittas
Ferre iubes Poeante satum, quo flamma ministrol93,12S («)
130 Subdita; dumque avidis comprenditur ignibus agger,
Congeriem silvae Nemeaeo vellere summam
Sternis, et imposita clavae cervice recumbis.
Hand alio vultu, quam si conviva iaceres
Inter plena meri redimitus pocula sertis.
53
xni
ORPHEUS AND EURYDICE.
(x, i-«3,)
That Orpheus* self may heave his head «
From golden slumber on a bed
01 heaped Elysian flowers, and hear
Such strains as would have won the ear
Of Pluto, to have quite set free
The half-regained Eurydice,—Milton, L'Allegro.
^JlGC^MEArr.
Orpheus pewtrates into the realms of Pluto, and receives back his wife
Eurydice on condition that he shaU not look at her till he reaches
the upper world. He keeps the compact till they are close upon the
light, but then his patience fails him, and he looks back. She
vanishes from him.
(This story is also told by Virgil in the tfh Georgic. It has been a
favourite subject with painters, and is treated musically in an opera of
Gim's.)
Inde per immensum croceo velatus amictu
Aethera digreditur, Ciconumque Hymenaeus ad eras
Tendit, et O^hea nequiquam voce vocatur.
AfFuit ille quidem; sed nec sollemnia verba,
Nee laetos vultus, nec felix attulit omen.
Fax quoque, quam tenuit, lacrimoso stridula fumo
Usque fuit, nullosque invenit motibus ignes. m
Exitus auspicio gravior: nam nupta per herbas 124
Dum nova Naiadum turba comitata vagatur, 1533
10 Occidit, in talum serpentis dente recepto. 125
Quam satis ad superas postquam Rhodopeius auras
Deflevit vates, ne non temptaret et umbras,
Ad Styga Taenaria est ausus descendere porta: 140(4)
Perquelevespopulossimulacraque functa sepulchro 119«
Persephonen adiit, inamoenaque regna tenentem
Umbrarum dominum; pulsisque ad carmina nervis
Sic ait: ' O positi sub terra numina mundi,
' In quem recidimus, quicquid mortale creamur:
Si licet et falsi positis ambagibus oris 126
20 Vera loqui sinitis, non hue, ut opaca viderem p. 163,11.
Tartara, descendi, nec uti villosa colubris
Tema Medusaei vincirem guttura monstri.
54
STORIES FROM OVID.
[XIII
Causa viae coniunx, in quam calcata venenum
Vipera diffudit, crescentesque abstulit annos.
Posse pati volui, nec me temptasse negabo:
Vicit Amor. Supera deus hie bene notus in ora est:
An sit et hie, dubito; sed et hie tamen ai^ror esse, 149
Famaque si veteris non est mentita rapinae, 182
Vos quoque iunxit amor. Per ego haec loca plena 119 i
30 Per Chaos hoc ingens vastique silentia regni, [timoris,
Eurydices, oro, properata retexite fata.
Omnia debemur vobis, paulumque morati
Serins aut citius sedem properamus ad unam.
Tendimus hue omnes, haec est domus ultima, vosque
Humani generis longissima regna tenetis.
Haec quoque, quum iustos matura peregerit annos,
luris erit vestri; pro munere poscimus usum.
Quod si fata negant veniam pro coniuge, certum est
Nolle redire mihi; leto gaudete duorum.' 107(^)111
40 Talia dicentem nervosque ad verba moventem A134. b «
Exsangues flebant animae, nec Tantalus undam
Captavit refugam, stupuitque Ixionis orbis,
Nec carpsere iecur volucres; umisque vacarunt 119«
Belides, inque tuo sedisti, Sisyphe, saxo.
Tunc primum lacrimis victarum carmine fama est
Eumenidum maduisse genas. Nec regia coniunx
Sustinet oranti, nec qui regit ima, negare: 106 3
Eurydicenque vocant; umbras erat ilia recentes
Inter, et incessit passu de vulnere tardo.
50 Hanc simul et legem Rhodopeius accipit heros,
Ne iiectat retro sua lumina, donee Avemas a 161,11.3
Exierit valles, aut irrita dona futura. 163, iv.«
Carpitur acclivis per muta silentia trames,
Arduus, obscurus, caligine densus opaca, 1195
Nec procul afuerunt telluris margine summae;
Hie, ne deficeret, metuens, avidusque videndi,jAi®®£^j'J-
Flexit amans oculos, et protinus ilia relapsa est ' *
Bracchiaque intendens prendique et prendere a 140, B1
Nil nisi cedentes infelix arripit auras. [captans
60 lamque iterum moriens non est de coniuge quicquam
Questa suo, quid enim nisi se quereretur amatam ?
Supremumque vale, quod iam vix auribus ille
Acciperet, dixit, revolutaque rursus eodem est. 150
XIV.
THE DEATH OF ORPHEUS.
(xi. 1—84.)
What could the Muse herself that Orpheus bore,
The Muse herself for her enchanting son
Whom universal nature did lament,
When by the rout that made the Udeous roar
His gory visage down the stream was sent,
Down the swift Hebrus to the Lesbian shore —Milton, Lycidas.
ARGUMENT.
Orpheus, disconsolate at the loss of his wife, shuns female society, and is
torn to pieces the Ctconian women, as a despiser of their sex and
of their Bacchic revets.
The women catch sight of Orpheus, and assail him with different
weapons, which all, however, yield to the power of his music, and Jail
harmless to the ground.
Carmine dum tali silvas animosque ferarum
Threicius vates et saxa sequentia ducit, 163 (s)
Ecce nurus Ciconum, tectae lymphata ferinis lOO
Pectora velleribus, tumuli de vertice cemunt
Orphea percussis sociantem carmina nervis.
E quibus una, levem iactato crine per auram, 125
' En,' ait' en hie est nostri contemptor!' et hastam 132 (0)
Vatis Apollinei vocalia misit in era;
Quae foliis praesuta notam sine vulnere fecib 119
10 Alterius telum lapis est, qui missus, in ipso
Aere concentu victus vocisque lyraeque est,
Ac veluti supplex pro tam ^rialibus ausis
Ante pedes iacuit Sed enim temeraria crescunt
Bella, modusque abiit, insanaque regnat Erinys.
At last the thought strikes them, to drown his music with their timbrels.
He loses his protection and is torn to pieces.
Cunctaque tela ibrent cantu mollita; sed ingens
Clamor et infracto Berecyntia tibia comu
Tympanaque et plausus et Bacchei ululatus
Obstrepuerc sono citharae. Tum denique saxa 106 («)
56
STORIES FROM OVID.
[xnr.
Non exauditi rubuerant sanguine vatis.
20 Ac primum attonitas etiamnum voce canentis A >44, dW
Innumeras volucres anguesque agmenque feraram
Maenades Orphei titulum rapuere triumphi.
Inde cruentatis vertuntur in Orphea dextris
Et coeunt ut aves, si quando luce vagantem
Noctis avem cemunt; stractoque utrimque theatre
Ceu matutina cervus periturus arena
Praeda canum est, vatemque petunt et fronde virentes
Coniciunt thyrsos, non haec in munera factos.
Hae glebas, illae direptos arbore ramos, 123
30 Pars torquent silices. Neu desint tela furori, 160,107(3)
Forte boves presso subigebant vomere terram,
Nec procul hinc multo fructum sudore parantes
Dura lacertosi fodiebant arva coloni.
Agmine qui vise fugiunt, operisque relinquunt
Arma sui, vacuosque iacent dispersa per agros
Sarculaque rastrique graves longique ligones. 26«
Quae postquam rapuere ferae, cornuque minaces 112
Divellere boves, ad vatis fata recurrunt,
Tendentemque manus atque illo tempore primum
40 Irrita dicentem nec quicquam voce moventem
Sacrilegae perimunt; perque os, pro luppiter! illud
Auditum saxis intellectumque ferarum 107 (<0
Sensibus in ventos anima exhalata recessit
All nature mourtis his loss. Even in death his power is not gone.
His soul revisits the shades that he had known before, and rejoins his
lost Eurydice.
Te maestae volucres, Orpheu, te turba ferarum,
Te rigidi silices, te carmina saepe secutae
Fleverunt silvae; positis te frondibus arbos
Tonsa comam luxit; lacrimis quoque llumina dicunt 100
Increvisse suis ; obstrusaque carbasa pullo
Naides et Dryades passosque habuere capillos.
50 Membra iacent diversa locis. Caput, Hebre, 116
Excipis; et mirum ! medio dum labitur amne, [lyramque
Flebile nescio quid queritur lyra, flebile lingua
Murmurat exanimis, respondent flebile ripae.
lamque mare invectae flumen populare relinquunt, 101
XIV.]
THE DEATH OF ORPHEUS.
57
Et Methymnaeae potiuntur litore Lesbi. U9(<»)i
Hie ferus expositum peregrinis anguis arenis
Os petit et sparsos stillanti rore capillos.
Tandem Phoebus adest, morsusque inferre paran-</.,7o,
Arcet, et in lapidem rictus serpentis apertos [temi '
60 Congelat, et patulos, ut erant, indurat hiatus.
Umbra subit terras, et quae loca viderat ante, Ai33.i>
Cuncta recognosci^ quaerensque per arva piorum
Invenit Eurydicen, cupidisque amplectitur ulnis.
Hie modo coniunctis spatiantur passibus ambo.
Nunc praecedentem sequitur, nunc praevius anteit,
Eurydicenque suam iam tuto respicit Orpheus.
But Bacchus does not leave unpunished this crime of his votaries.
They are turned into trees.
Non impune tamen scelus hoc sinit esse Lyaeus
Amissoque dolens sacrorum vate suorum,
Protinus in silvis matres Edonidas omnes,
70 Quae videre nefas, torta radice ligavit
Quippe pedum digitos, in quantum quaeque secuta est,
Traxit, et in solidam detrusit acumine terram.
Utque suum laqueis, quos callidus abdidit auceps, 106(a)
Crus ubi commisit volucris, sensitque teneri,
Plangitur, ac trepidans astringit vincula motu :
Sic, ut quaeque solo dehxa cohaeserat harum,
Exsternata fugam frustra temptabat; at illam
Lenta tenet radix, exsultantemque coercet.
Dumque ubi sint digiti, dum pes ubi quaerit, et 149
• 80 Aspicit in teretes lignum succedere suras. [ungues,
Et conata femur maerenti plangere dextra,
Robora percussit. Pectus quoque robora fiunt; 159
Robora sunt humeri: porrectaque bracchia veros
Esse putes ramos, et non fallare putando. p. 162,11. c-
58
XV.
MIDAS.
(XI. 85—193.)
Bottom, thou art translated.
Shakespeare, A Midsummer Night's Dream.
ARGUMENT.
Midas, king of Phrygia,for his kindness to Silenus, obtains his reqttest
that all that he touches may turn to gold. But he soon rues his
choice, and the gift is resumed by the god. Afterwards, being
witness of a contest in music between Pan and Apollo, he has the bad
taste to prefer the former; whereupon Apollo gives him physically
what he already had morally—asisears.
Silenus, the foster-father of Bacchtis, is taken captive by a band of
rustics and brought to Midas, who entertains him hospitably and returns
Urn to the god.
Nec satis hoc Baccho est: ipsos quoquedeseritagros, 106a
Cumque choro meliore sui vineta Timoli
Pactolonque petit, quamvis non aureus illo
Tempore nec caris erat invidiosus arenis. Ill
Hunc assueta cohors Satyri Bacchaeque hrequentant: 90
At Silenus abest. Titubantem annisque meroque
Ruricolae cepere Phryges, vinctumque coronis 112
Ad regem duxere Midan, cui Thracius Orpheus
Orgia tradiderat cum Cecropio Eumolpo.
ID Qui simul agnovit socium comitemque sacrorum,
Hospitis adventu festum genialiter egit 120
Per bis quinque dies et iunctas ordine noctes.
Et iam stellarum sublime coegerat agmen
Lucifer undecimus, Lydos quum laetus in agros
Rex venit, et iuveni Silenum reddit alumno. 104
Bacchus tells the king to choose his reward. He asks that all that he
touches may become gold. His petition is granted, with results which he
did not contemplate.
Huic deus optandi gratum, sed inutile, fecit 141®
Muneris arbitrium, gaudens altore recepto. m
Ille, male usurus donis, ait 'Effice, quicquid 119«
Corpore contigero, fiilyum vertatur in aurum.' Ji- iv.
t A 11. 2
sv.] MIDAS. 59
20 Annuit optatis, nocituraque munera solvit 106 («)
Liber, et indoluit, quod non meliora petisset p.x68,a
Laetus abit, gaudetque malo Berecyntius heros:
Pollicitique fidem tangendo singula temptat. 1414
Vixque sibi credens, non alta fronde virenti 122 a
nice detraxit virgam: virga aurea facta est
Tollit humo saxum: saxum quoque palluit auro.
Contigit et glebam: contactu gleba potenti 118
Massa fit Arentis Ceteris decerpsit aristas :
Aurea messis erat. Demptum tenet arbore pomura:
30 Hesperidas donasse putes. Si postibus altis 106(a)
Admovit digitus, postes radiate videntur.
Ille etiam liquidis palmas ubi laverat undis,
Unda fluens palmis Danaen eludere posset /■ 153,11. d
Vix spes ipse suas animo capit, aurea fingens
Omnia. Gaudenti mensas posuere ministri 107
Exstructas dapibus, nec tostae frugis egentes. 1193
Tum veto, sive ille sua Cerealia dextra
Munera contigerat, Cerealia dona rigebant:
Sive dapes avido convellere dente parabat,
40 Lamina fiilva dapes, admoto dente, premebat
Miscuerat puris auctorem muneris undis : 1061
Fusile per rictus aurum fluitare videres.
Attonitus novitate mali, divesque miserque,
Effugere optat opes, et quae modo voverat, odit {aV'S' ^
Copia nulla famem relevat; sitis arida guttur
Urit, et inviso meritus torquetur ab auro.
lie asks to be relieved of this boon. He bathes in the river Pactolus.
Hence its golden sands.
Ad caelumque manus et splendida bracchia tollens
' Da veniam, Lenaee pater! peccavimus,' inquit
'Sed miserere, precor, speciosoque eripe damno.' 106 («)
50 Mite deum numen : Bacchus peccasse fatentem
Restituit, factique fidem data munera solvit.
'Neve male optato maneas circumlitus auro, p. 163,1
Vade' ait 'ad magnis vicinum Sardibus amnem, 1061
Perque iugum montis labentibus obvius undis 106(a)
Carpe viam, donee venias ad fluminis ortus. p. 163, iv.»
Spumigeroquo tuum fonti, qua plurimus exit, 106 a
6o
STORIES FROM OVID.
[XV.
Subde caput, corpusque simul, simul elue crimen.'
Rex iussae succedit aquae. Vis aurea tinxit
Flumen, et humano de corpore cessit in amnem,
60 Nunc quoque iam veteris percepto semine venae
Arva rigent auro madidis pallentia glebis.
Fan and Apollo contend in musk, Tmolus is judge: Midas is present.
Tmolus gives the prize to Apollo, but Midas prefers Pan's pipe to Apollo's
lute.
Ille, perosus opes, silvas et rura colebat,
Panaque montanis habitantem semper in antris.
Pingue sed ingenium mansit, nocituraque, ut ante, -
Rursus erant domino stolidae praecordia mentis. 106 3
Nam freta prospiciens late riget arduus alto
Tmolus in ascensu, clivoque extensus utroque
Sardibus hinc, illinc parvis finitur Hypaepis.
Pan ibi dum teneris iactat sua carmina nymphis 153 3
70 Et leve cerata modulatur arundine carmen,
Aasus Apollineos prae se contemnere cantus,
ludice sub Tmolo certamen venit ad impar.
Monte suo senior iudex consedit, et aures
Liberat arboribus; quercu coma caerula tantum 128
Cingitur, et pendent circum cava tempora glandes.
Isque deum pecoris spectans ' In iudice' dixit
Nulla mora est' Calamis agrestibus insonat ille: 112
Barbaricoque Midan...aderat nam forte canenti... 107*
Carmine delenit. Post hunc sacer ora retorsit
80 Tmolus ad os Phoebi; vultum sua silva secuta est.
Ille caput flavum lauro Pamaside vinctus 100
Verrit humum Tyrio saturata murice palla:
Instructamque fidem gemmis et dentibus Indis
Sustinet a laeva; tenuit manus altera plectrum 146,0(0
Artificis status ipse fuit Tum stamina docto
Pollice sollicitat, quorum dulcedine captus
Pana iubet Tmolus citharae summittere cannas. 106 («)
ludicium sanctique placet sententia montis
Omnibus. Arguitur tamen, atque iniusta vocatur 106 3
90 Unius sermone Midae.
3tv.] MIDAS. 61
Midas has ass's ears. In vain he tries to conceal it. His valet tells
it to the ground, and presently a crop of reeds grows up on the place and,
vocal, proclaims it to the world.
Nec Delius aures
Humanam stolidas patitur retinere figuram:
Sed trahit in spatiura, villisque albentibus implet,
Instabilesque imas facit et dat posse moveri.
Cetera sunt hominis : partem damnatur in unani,
Induiturque aures lente gradientis aselli.
lUe quidem celat, turpique onerata pudore
Tempora purpureis temptat velare tiaris.
Sed solitus longos ferro resecare capillos
Viderat hoc famulus. Qui, quum nec prodere visum
loo Dedecus auderet, cupiens efferre sub auras,
Nec posset reticere tamen, secedit, humumque
Effodit, et, domini quales aspexerit aures, 149
Voce refert parva, terraeque immurmurat haustae: loe («)
Indiciumque suae vocis tellure regesta
Obruit, et scrobibus tacitus discedit opertis.
Creber arundinibus tremulis ibi surgere lucus 1191
Coepit, et, ut primum pleno maturuit anno,
Prodidit agricolam. Leni nam motus ab austro
Obruta verba refert, dominique coarguit aures.
62
XVI.
THE GOLDEN FLEECE.
We are the Jasons—^we have won the fleece.
Shakesfbare, Merchant of Venicb.
ARGUMENT.
Jason goes in search of the Golden Fleece, and, by the help of Medea's
magic arts, overcomes all the difficulties -which are placed in his-way,
and carries her off -with him from lolcos.
(This story is part of the subject of the 4/4 Pythian Ode of Pindar,
Ovid has it in another form in the Heroides, Medea fasoni. It is told
in English in Mr. Morris' 'Life and Death of Jason.')
The Argonauts have reached Colchis, and demand the fleece of .Metes,
Medea is smitten -with love for Jason, and struts long against the
temptation to help him.
Iamque fretum Minyae Pagasaea puppe secabant:
Perpetuaque trahens inopem sub nocte senectam
Phineus visas erat, iuvenesque Aquilone creati 128
Virgineas volucres miseri senis ore fugarant:
Multaque perpessi claro sub lasone tandem
Contigerant rapidas limosi Phasidos undas.
Dumque adeuntregem, Phrixeaque vellera poscunt, 158 a
Lexque datur Minyis magnorum horrenda laborum,
Concipit interea validos Aeetias ignes: p. s
lo £t luctata diu, postquam ratione furorem 113
Vincere non poterat, ' Frustra, Medea, repugnas :
Nescio quis deus obstat' ait; 'mirumque, nisi hoc est,
Aut aliquid certe simile huic, quod amare vocatur.
Nam cur iussa patris nimium mihi dura videntur ?
Sunt quoque dura nimis. Cur, quem modo denique vidi,
Ne pereat, timeo? quae tanti causa timoris? /.i62,al22«
Excute virgineo conceptas pectore flammas.
Si potes, infelix. Si possem, sanior essem : A i<>4. v. i ($)
Sed gravat invitam nova vis, aliudque cupido,
2o Mens aliud suadet. Video meliora, proboque :
Deteriora sequor. Quid in hoSpite, regia virgo,
Ureris, et thalamos alieni concipis orbis ?
XVI.]
THE GOLDEN FLEECE.
63
Haec quoque terra potest, quod ames, dare. Vivat, 160
Occidat, in dis est. Vivat tamen j idque precari [an ille
Vel sine amore licet. Quid enim commisit lason ?
Quem, nisi crudelem, non tangat lasonis aetas p-152.11. c
Et genus et virtus ? quem non, ut cetera desint, 152, i.s
Ore movere potest ? certe mea pectora movit
At nisi opem tulero, taurorum adflabitur ore, /. 164, v. 1(1)
30 Concurretque suae segetis tellure creatis 123
Hostibus, aut avido dabitur fera praeda draconi.
Hoc ego si patiar, tum me de tigride natam,
Tum ferrum et scopulos gestare in corde fatebor.
Cur non et specto pereuntem, oculosque videndo 1414
Conscelero ? cur non tauros exhortor in ilium,
Terrigenasque feros, insopitumque draconem?
Di meliora velint. Quamquam non ista precanda,
Sed facienda mihi Prodamne ego regna parentis,
Atque ope nescio quis servabitur advena nostra,
40 Ut per me sospes sine me det lintea ventis,
Virque sit alterius, poenae Medea relinquar?
Si facere hoc, aliamve potest praeponere nobis, 106«
Occidat ingratus. Sed non is vultus in illo,
Non ea nobilitas animo est, ea gratia formae,
Ut timeam fraudem meritique oblivia nostri. 162, b i, 133
Et dabit ante fidem, cogamque in foedera testes p.ntXt
Esse deos. Quin tuta times! Accingere, et omnem
Pelle moram. Tibi se semper debebit lason,
Te face sollemni iunget sibi, perque Pelasgas
50 Servatrix urbes matrum celebrabere turba.
Ergo ego germanam fratremque patremque deosque
Et natde solum, ventis ablata, relinquam ?
Nempe pater saevus, nempe est mea barbara tellus,
Prater adhuc infans; stant mecum vota sororis :
Maximus intra me deus est. Non magna relinquam ;
Magna sequar; titulum servatae pubis Achivae,
Notitiamque loci melioris, et oppida, quorum
Hie quoque fama viget, cultusque artesque locorum:
Quemque ego cum rebus, quas totus possidet ofois,
60 Aesoniden mutasse velim, quo coniuge felix 128(<«)
Et dis cara ferar, et vertice sidera tangam.
Quid, quod q^scio qui mediis incurrere in undis
STORIES FROM OVID.
Dicuntur montes, ratibusque inimica Charybdis 106 3
Nunc sorbere fretiim, nunc reddere, cinctaque sae/is
Scylla rapax canibus Siculo latrare profundo ?
Nempe tenens quod amo, gremioque in lasonis haerens
Per freta longa ferar. Nihil ilium amplexa verebor:
Aut, siquid metuam, metuam de coniuge solo.
Coniugiumne vocas, speciosaque nomina culpae 106 («)
70 Imponis, Medea, tuae ? quin aspice, quantum
Aggrediare nefas, et dum licet, eflfuge crimen.' 149
Dixit: et ante oculos rectum pietasque pudorque
Constiterant, et victa dabat iam terga Cupido.
But the sight of fason dispels all her resolution, and when he asks
her to be his wife, she promises her aid and gives him magic charms.
Ibat ad antiquas Hecates Perseidos aras,
Quas nemus umbrosum secretaque silva tegebat
Et iam fortis erat, pulsusque recesserat ardor :
Quum videt Aesoniden, extinctaque flamma revixit.
Erubuere genae, totoque recanduit ore, 112
Utque solet ventis alimenta assumere, quaeque
80 Parva sub inducta latuit scintilla favilla,
Crescere et in veteres agitata resurgere vires.
Sic iam lentus amor, iam quem languere putares, /. 152, ii.c
Ut vidit iuvenem, specie praesentis inarsit 1.163, iv. 1
Et casu solito formosior Aesone natus p. 136, v.b, 123
Ilia luce fuit j posses ignoscere amanti. 1063
Spectat, et in vultu veluti tum denique viso
Lumina fixa tenet, nec se mortalia demens
Ora videre putat, nec se declinat ab illo.
Ut vero coepitque loqui, dextramque prehendit
90 Hospes, et auxilium summissa voce rogavit,
Promisitque torum, lacrimis ait ilia profusis :
' Quid faciam, video, nec me ignorantia veri 149
Decipiet, sed amor. Servabere munere nostro;
Servatus promissa dato.' Per sacra triformis
Ille deae, lucoque foret quod numen in illo 160
Perque patrem soceri cernentem cuncta futuri,
Eventusque suos et tanta pericula iurat.
Creditus accepit cantatas protinus herbas,
Edidicitque usum, laetusque in tesca recessit
THE GOLDEN FLEECE.
65
On the morrvui yason attacks his first labour, to tame a yoke of fire-
breathing oxen.
100 Postera depulerat Stellas Aurora micantes:
Conveniunt populi sacrum Mavortis in arvum,
Consistuntque iugis. Medio rex ipse resedit 121, B
Agmine purpureus sceptroque insignis ebumo.
Ecce adamanteis vulcanum naribus efflant 123
Aeripedes tauri, tactaeque vaporibus herbae
Ardent Utque solent pleni resonare cammi.
Aut ubi terrena silices fornace soluti
Concipiunt ignem liquidarum aspergine aquarum:
Pectora sic intus clausas volventia flammas n06 i &
110 Gutturaque usta sonant Tamen illis Aesone natus
Obvius it Vertere truces venientis ad ora
Terribiles vultus praefixaque comua ferro, 112
Pulvereumque solum pede pulsavere bisulco,
Funiificisque locum mugitibus impleverunt
Deriguere metu Minyae. Subit ille, nec ignes 111
Sentit anhelatos...tantum medicamina possunt.../ i35. e
Pendulaque audaci mulcet palearia dextra,
Suppositosque iugo pondus grave cogit aratri
Ducere, et insuetum ferro proscindere campum.
120 Mirantur Colchi: Minyae clamoribus augent,
Adiciuntque animos.
The next task is to sow the dragon's teeth, from which springs a crop of
armed men, who set on fason; but he, prepared by Medea, turns their
arms against each other.
Galea tum sumiv aena
Vipereos dentes, et aratos spargit in agros.
Semina mollit humus valido praetincta veneno,
Et crescunt, fiuntque sati nova corpora dentes.
Utque hominis speciem matema sumit in alvo,
Perque suos intus numeros componitur infans,
Nec nisi maturus communes exit in auras :
Sic ubi visceribus gravidae telluris imago
Effecta est hominis, feto consurgit in arvo :
130 Quodque magis mirum est, simul edita concutit arma.
Quos ubi viderunt praeacutae cuspidis hastas 128
In caput Haemonii iuvenis torquere parantes,
• J.
66
STORIES FROM OVID.
[XVI.
Demisere metu vultumque animumque Pelasgi 111
Ipsa quoque extimuit, quae tutum fecerat ilium: 99
Utque peti vidit iuvenem tot ab hostibus unum,
Palluit, at subito sine sanguine frigida sedit:
Neve parum valeant a se data gramina, carmen >• 163,11
Auxiliare canit, secretasque advocat artes.
Ille gravem m^ios silicem iaculatus in hostes
140 A se depulsum Martem convertit in ipsos.
Terrigenae pereunt per mutua vulnera fratres,
Civilique cadunt acie. Gratantur Achivi,
Victoremque tenent, avidisque amplexibus haerent
Tu quoque victorem complecti, barbara, velles: 152,11. i>
Obstitit incepto pudor; at complexa fuisses: 106«
Sed te, ne faceres, tenuit reverentia famae. 182
Quod licet, affectu tacito laetaris, agisque
Carminibus grates et dis auctoribus horum. 106 3
He stUl has to elude the vigilance of the dragon that guards the fleece;
but this too he accomplishes by Medeals aid,
Pervigilem superest herbis sopire draconem,
150 Qui crista linguisque tribus praesignis et uncis
Dentibus horrendus custos erat arietis aurei.
Hunc postquam sparsit Lethaei gramine suci,
Verbaque ter dixit placidos facientia somnos,
Quae mare turbatum, quae concita flumina sistunt:
Somnus in ignotos oculos sibi venit, et auro 119(4)
Heros Aesonius potitur; spolioque superbus lU
Muneris auctorem secum, spolia altera, portans 90
Victor Idlciacos tetigit cum coniuge portus.
67
XVII.
CEPHALUS AND PROCRia
(vii. 670—699, 753—862,)
Pyramus. Not Shafalus to Procrus was so true.
Thisbt. As Shafalus to Procrus, I to you.
Shakespbare, a Midsummer Night's Dream, Act v. Sc. I.
ARGUMENT.
Cephalus received with his bride two gifts: a hound whose speed none
could surpass, which was turned to stone; and a spear that none
could avotdf with which he unwittingly slew his wife.
Cephalus and his friends are entertained at Telamotis court by Phocus,
son of cEacus, who notices the spear in his hand and asks its history.
Phocus in interius spatium pulchrosque recessus
Cecropidas ducit, cum quis simul ipse resedit
Aspicit Aeoliden ignota ex arbore factum
Ferre manu iaculum, cuius fuit aurea cuspis.
- Pauca prius mediis sermonibus ille locutus
' Sum nemorum studiosus' ait ' caedisque ferinae: 132
Qua tamen e silva teneas hastile recisum, 149
lamdudum dubito; certe si fraxinus esset, t 164. v. i (3)
Fulva colore foret: si cornus, nodus inesset
10 Unde sit, ignoro; sed non formosius isto 124 a
Viderunt oculi telum iaculabile nostri.'
Excipit Actaeis e fratribus alter, et' Usum
Maiorem specie mirabere' dixit ' in isto.
Consequitur, quodcumque petit, fortunaque missum
Non regit: et revolat nullo referente omentum.'
Tum vero iuvenis Nereius omnia quaerit,
Cur sit, et unde datum, quis tanti muneris auctor. 149
(Cephalus replies.) ft it a gift from his wife which has caused all his
woe. She gave him, when he married her, a hound, the gift of Diana,
and this javelin.
Quae petit, ille refert Sed enim narrare pudori 108
(Jua tulerit mejpede; silet, tactusque dolore [est, 117,149
68 STORIES FROM OVID. [xm
20 Coniugis amissae lacrimis ita fatur obortis:
'Hoc me, nate dea, quis possit credere? telum 128
Flere facit, facietque diu, si vivere nobis /• 164. v. i (i)
Fata diu dederint. Hoc me cum coniuge cara
Perdidit: hoc utinam caruissem munere semper! nijfl
Procris erat, si forte magis pervenit ad aures
Orithyia tuas, raptae soror Orithyiae:
Si faciem moresque velis conferre duarum, [theus,
Dignior ipsa rapL Pater banc mihiiimxitEre^- >.170,1.1
Hanc mihi iunxit amor. Felix dicebar eramque.r> 152,11.6
30 Non ita dis visum est, aut nunc quoque forsitan essem.
Dat novanupta mihi,tamquam se parva dedisset >.i65,vii.
Dona, canem munus, quem quum sua traderet illi 90,193 (i)
Cynthia, " Currendo superalut" dixerat" omnes." 1414
Dat simul et laculum, manibus quod, (cernis,) habemus.
Muneris arterius quae sit fortuna requiris ?
Accipe: mirandi novitate movebere factl 1441
The hound is let loose in the chase of a wild beast that has ravaged the
Theban land. Unsurpassed, it was not unequalled in speed: and as if
Heaven was unwilling that either should conquer, both- are turned to
stone.
Carmina Laiades non intellecta priorum
Solverat ingeniis, et praecipitata iacebat
Immemor ambagum vates obscura suarum.
40 Protinus Aoniis immittitur altera Thebis
Pestis, et exitio multo pecorumque suoque
Rurigenae pavere feram. Vicina inventus
Venimus, et latos indagine cinximus agros.
Ilia levi velox superabat retia saltu,
Summaque transibat positarum lina plagarum.
Copula detrahitur canibus, quas ilia sequentes
Efifugit, et celeri non segnior alite ludit
Poscor et ipse meum consensu Laelapa magno : p. 134, in. 3
Muneris hoc nomen: iamdudum vincula pugnat
50 Exuere ipse sibi, colloque morantia tendit >. 140, b
Vix bene missus erat, nec iam poteramus, ubi esset, 149
Scire; pedum calidus vestigia pulvis habebat:
Ipse oculis ereptus erat Non ocior illo 107
Hasta, nec excussae contorto verbere glandes,
138
106 (o)
113
160
112
XVII.]
CEPHALUS AND PROCRIS.
69
Nec Gortyniaco calamus levis exit ab arcu.
Collis apex medii subiectis imminet arvis:
Tollor eo, capioque novi spectacula cursus, 132
Quo mode deprendi, modo se subducere ab ipso
Vulnere visa fera est. Nec limite callida recto,
60 In spatiumque fugit, sed decipit ora sequentis
Et redit in gyrum, ne sit suus impetus hosti.
Imminet hie, sequiturque parem, similisque tenenti
Non tenet, et vanos exercet in aera morsus.
Ad iaculi vertebar opem; quod dextera librat
Dum mea, dum digitos.amentis indere tempto, 106 («)
Lumina deflexi. Revocataque rursus eodem
Rettuleram : medio, minim! duo marmora campo
Aspicio; fugere hoc, illud latrare putares. /. 152,11.1 c
Scilicet invictos ambo certamine cursus
70 Esse deus voluit, si quis deus afluit iUis.'
Cephalus next tells the story of the javelin. He was out alone hunting,
and, heated with the toil, sighed aloud for the breeze {Aura) to come and
refresh him. This was reported to Procris by some one who fancied that
Aura was the name of a nymph beloved of Cephalus,
Hactenus, et tacuit ' laculo quod crimen in ipso/. 23. note
Phocus ait Iaculi sic crimina reddidit ille. [est ?'
' Gaudia principium nostri sunt, Phoce, doloris; 133
Ilia prius referam. luvat o meminisse beati
Temporis, Aeacida, quo primos rite per annos
Coniuge eram felix, felix erat ilia marito.
Mutua cura duos et amor socialis habebat.
Nec lovis ilia meo thalamos praefenet amori,
N ec, me quae caperet non si Venus ipsa veniret, j v. il 3''
80 Ulla erat; aequales urebant pectora flammae.
Sole fere radiis feriente cacumina primis
Venatum in silvas iuvenaliter ire solebam :
Nec mecum famulos, nec equos, nec naribus acres
Ire canes, nec Una sequi nodosa sinebam:
Tutus eram iaculo. Sed cum satiata ferinae 132
Dextera caedis erat, repetebam frigus et umbras,
Et quae de gelidis exhalat vallibus, auram. 107
Aura petebatur medio mihi lenis in aestu :
Auram expectabam: requies erat ilia labori.
90 " Aura," reccjrdor enim, " venias " cantare solebam,
70
STORIES FROM OVID.
[xvii.
" Meque iuves, intresque sinus, gratissima, nostros: >. iss. o
Utque fads, relevare veils, quibus urimur, aestus." 91
Forsitan addiderim...sicmemea fatatxahebant... Ais».i>
Blanditias plures at " Tu mihi magna voluptas "
Dicere sim solitus, " tu me refidsque fovesque:
Tu fads, ut silvas, ut amem loca sola, meoque a i6i, li. 2(1)
Spiritus iste tuus semper captatur ab ore."
Vodbus ambiguis deceptam praebuit aurem
Nesdo quis, nomenque Aurae tam saepe vocatum
100 Esse putans nymphae, nympham mihi credit 107
Criminis extemplo ficti temerarius index [amari.
Procrin adil^ linguaque refert audita susurra. a»36.iv.(A)
Procris at first refuses to believe it, but at lastfollows her husband and
listens for herself Cephalus hearing a rustling, and fancying that it
was some wild beast, hurls his spear into the brake. He is startled by a
shriek, and finds his wife mortally wounded. The mistake is explained
when it is too late.
Credula res amor est Subito collapsa dolore,
Ut sibi narratiu, cecidit; longoque refecta a 144. e a
Tempore se miseram, se fati dixit iniqui: 128
Deque fide questa est, et crimine concita vano
Quod nihil est, metuit, metuit sine corpore nomen,
Et dolet infelix veluti de pelice vera.
Saepe tamen dubitat, speratque miserrima falli,
110 Indicioque fidem negat, et, nisi viderit ipsa,
Damnatura sui non est delicta maritl
Postera depulerant Aurorae lumina noctem:
Egredior, silvamque peto j victorque per herbas
"Aura veni" dixi, "nostroque medere labori..." 1083
Et subito gemitus inter mea verba videbar
Nescio quos audisse. " Veni" tamen " optima !" dixi.
Fronde levem rursus strepitum faciente caduca
Sum ratus esse feram, telumque volatile misL
Procris erat, medioque tehens in pectore vulnus, a »39. Ci
120 " Ei mihi!" conclamat Vox est ubi cognita fidae
Coniugis, ad vocem praeceps amensque cucurri.
Semianimem et sparsas foedantem sanguine vestes
Et sua, me miserum! de vulnere dona trahentem 138
Invenio, corpusque meo mihi carius ulnis
XVII.] CEPHALUS AND PROCRIS. 7*
Mollibus attollo, scissaque a pectore veste
Vulnera saeva ligo, conorque inhibere cruorem,
Neu me morte sua sceleratum deserat, oro.
Viribus ilia carens et iam moribunda coegit 1194
Haec se pauca loqui: " Per nostri foedera lecti,
130 Perque deos supplex oro superosque meosque,
Per siquid merui de te bene, perque manentem
Nunc quoque, quum pereo, causam mihi mortis, amorem,
Ne thalamis Auram patiare innubere nostris." 106"
Dixit j et errorem tum denique nominis esse
Et sensi, et docui. Sed quid docuisse iuvabat ?
Labitur, et parvae fugiunt cum sanguine vires.
Dumque aliquid spectare potest, me spectat, et in me
Infelicem animam nostroque exhalat in ore.
Sed vultu meliore moti secura videtur.'
72
xvm.
THE TUSCAN MARINERS,
(ill. 582—691.)
Bacchus that first firom out the purple grape
Cnished the sweet poison of misused wine»
After the Tuscan mariners transformed,^ ^
Coasting the Tyrrhene shore, as the winds listed.
On Circe's island fell.-r'MiLTON, Comus.
ARGUMENT.
All Thebes is beside itself with enthusiasm for its new god the son of
Semele. But Pentheus, its king, refuses to be led away by the popular
frenzy, and sends out his officers to find and bring before him the
pretended deity. Bacchus they cannot find, but they bring before the
king one of his votaries, who mndicates his belief by relating the
punishment inflicted on his comrades, who had thought to play a
trick on the god, and lead him captive.
(Accetes tells his tale.) ' / began life as a poor fisherman, but I grew
tired of sticking limpet-like to the same rock, and so stttdied the simple
rides of navigation so as to venture further from homel
Ille metu vacuus 'Nomenmihi' dixit 'Acoetes, 119^,107
Patria Maeonia est, humili de plebe parentes.
Non mihi quae duri colerent, pater, arva iuvenci, 150
Lanigerosve greges, non ulla armenta reliquit
Pauper et ipse fuit, linoque solebat et hamis US
Decipere, et calamo salientes ducere pisces.
Ars illi sua census erat Quum traderet artem, 1531
* Accipe quas habeo, studii successor et heres,' 132
Dixit' opes :' moriensque mihi nil ille reliquit,
10 Praeter aquas; unum hoc possum appellare patemum.
Mox ego, ne scopulis haererem semper in isdem, /. 163,11.
Addidici regimen dextra moderante carinae
Flectere et Oleniae sidus pluviale capellae,
Taygetenque Hyadasque oculis Arctonque notavi,
Ventorumque domos et portus puppibus aptos. 106 •.
XVIII.]
THE TUSCAN MARINERS.
73
On one of my voyages I happened to land in Chios. When I sum¬
moned my companions to rejoin the ship they brought with them a girlish-
looking youth whom they had carried off from the shore. I saw by his
face and gait that it was no mortal tlM they had taken, and prayed his
favour, met they laughed my prayers to scorn.
Forte patens Delon Chiae telluris ad eras
Applicor, et dextris adducor littora remis, loi
Deque laves saltus udaeque immittor aienae.
Nox ubi consumpta est,—Aurora rubescere prime
20 Coeperat;—exsurge,laticesque inferrerecentesA 170, I. 2
Admenee, menstreque viam, quae ducat ad undas. 150
Ipse, quid aura mihi tumule premittat ab alto, 149
Prespicie, cemitesque voce, repeteque carinam.
' Adsumus en!' inquit secierum primus Opheltes, 130
Utque putat, praedam deserte nactus in agre,
Virginea puerum ducit per littora forma. 115
Ille mere somnoque gravis titubare videtur. 111
Vixque sequi. Specto cultum faciemque gradumque;
Nil ibi quod credi posset mortale, videbam. 150
30 Et sensi, et dixi sociis 'Quod numen in isto p.t%,'ioie
Corpore sit, dubito, sed corpore numen in isto est. 149 b
Quisquis es, o faveas, nostrisque laboribus adsis: 107 i
His quoque des veniam.' ' Pro nobis mitte pre-1401
Dictys ait, quo non alius conscendere summas [cari,'
Ocior antemnas, prensoque rudente relabi.
Hoc Libys, hoc flavus, prorae tutel^ Melanthus, 90
Hoc probat Alcimedon, et qui requiemque modumque
Voce dabat remis, animorum hortator Epopeus :
Hoc omnes alii; praedae tam caeca cupido est.
As owner of the ship I opposed his being brought on board, but I was
overpcnvered. Bacchus, for he it was, awoke with the tumult, and in
answer to their perfidious promises to convey him whither he would,
requested to be carried to Naxos.
40 'Non tamen banc sacro violari pondere pinum
Perpetiar' dixi,' pars hie mihi maxima iuris.' 131
Inque aditu obsisto. Furit audacissimus omni
De numero Lycabas, qui Tusca pulsus ab urbe
Exilium dira poenam pro caede luebat
Is mihi, dum festo, iuvenili guttura pugno 107,153 a
74
STOItlES FROM OVID.
[XVIII.
Rupit, et excussum misisset in aequora, si non/. i64,v.i(3)
Haesissem, quamvis amens, in fune retentus. •
Impia turba probat factum. Turn denique Bacchus,...
Bacchus enim fuerat...veluti clamore solutus
50 Sit sopor, aque mero redeant in pectora sensus, ^.i6s,vn.
'Quid facitis? quis clamor?' ait, 'qua, dicite, nautae.
Hue ope perveni ? quo me deferre paratis ?' /.lyottucU)
' Pone metum,' Proreus ' et quos contingere portus
Ede velis,' dixit, ' terra sistere petita.' 149
' Naxon' ait Liber ' cursus advertite vestros. 101
Ilia mihi domus est, vobis erit hospita tellus.'
I took the helm and tumod the ship's course for Naxos, but this was
not what my comrades meant. I would not be a party to their plots, and
resigned the helm to another.
Per mare fallaces perque omnia numina iurant
Sic fore, meque iubent pictae dare vela carinae. p-171. »
Dextera Naxos erat: dextra mihi lintea danti
60 ' Quid facis, o demens ? quis te furor' inquit' Acoete,'
Pro se quisque, ' tenet ? laevam pete.' Maxima nutu .
Pars mihi significat, pars, quid yelit, aure susurrat 149
Obstupui, 'Capiat' que 'aliquis moderamina' dixi
Meque ministerio scelerisque artisque removi. 123
Increpor a cunctis, totumque immurmurat agmen.
E quibus Aethalion 'Te scilicet omnis in uno
Nostra salus posita est!' ait, et subit ipse meumque
Explet opus, Naxoque petit diversa relicta.
Then Bacchus, further mocking them, appeals to them with tears, as
helpless in their hands. They only pull the harder, but the vessel is as
motionless for all their efforts as 'painted ship upon a painted ocean.'
Tum deus illudens, tamquam modo denique fraudem
70 Senserit, e puppi pontum prospectat adunca 152,1.6
Et flenti similis ' Non haec mihi litora, nautae,
Promisistis' ait, 'non haec mihi terra rogata est 107(<b
Quo merui poenam facto ? quae gloria vestra est. 111
Si puerum iuvenes, si multi fallitis unum ?'
lamdudum flebam: lacrimas manus impia nostras
Ridet, et impellit properantibus aequora remis.
Per tibi nunc ipsum, nec enim praesentior illo 1241
Est deus, adiuro, tam me tibi vera referre.
XVIII.] THE TUSCAN MARINERS. JS
Quam veri maiora fide; stetit aequore puppis
80 Haud aliter, quam si siccum navale teneret. />.i65,vii.
Uli admirantes remorum in verbere perstant,
Velaque deducunt, geminaque ope currere temptant.
Impediunt hederae remos, nexuque recurve
Serpunt et gravidis distinguunt vela corymbis.
At the waving of the gods wand, he is surrounded by his customary
train. One after another the sailors jump overboard, and are turned
into dolphins, but Acoetes is saved.
Ipse racemiferis frontem circumdatus uvis lOO
Pampineis agitat velatam frondibus hastam.
Quem circa tigres simulacraque inania lyncum
Pictarumque iacent fera corpora pantherarum.
Exsiluere viri, sive hoc insania fecit,
90 Sive timer: primusque Medon nigrescere coepit
Corpore, et expresso spinae curvamine flecti.
Incipit huic Lycabas: ' In quae miracula' dixit
' Verteris ?' et lati rictus et panda loquenti 107
Naris erat, squamamque cutis durata trahebat
At Libys obstantes dum vult obvertere remos, 163«
In spatium resilire manus breve vidit, et illas
lam non esse manus, iam pinnas posse vocari
Alter ad intortos cupiens dare bracchia funes
Bracchianon habuit, truncoquerepandus in undas 116
100 Corpore desiluit j falcata novissima cauda est,
Qualia dimidiae sinuantur comua lunae.
Undique dant saltus, multaque aspergine rorant,
Emerguntque iterum, redeuntque sub aequora rursus,
Inque chori ludunt speciem, lascivaque iactant
Corpora et acceptum patulis mare naribus efflant
De mode viginti, tot enim ratis ilia ferebat,
Restabam solus. Pavidum gelidumque trementi
Corpore vixque meum firmat deus ' Excute' dicens
' Corde metum, Diamque tene.' Delatus in illam 123
1 TO Accessi sacris, Baccheaque sacra frequento.' 106a
16
xix.
JUNO'S REVENGE.
(nr. 416—542.)
And tragic Ino's son, the which became
A god of sea through his sad mother's blame,
Now hight Palaemon, and is sailor's friend.
Spenssr, Faeby Qvebne, iv. u.
ARGUMENT.
]wo, jealous of the proteclim given by Ino to the infant Bacchus, visits
her and her husband Athamas with madness. The latter fancies
his wife to be a lioness, gives chase to her, and kills one of their
children. Ino throws herself with the otherfrom a rock and becomd
a goddess of the sea.
Juno looks with jealousy on the successes of Bacchus. Bentheus has
been slain by his mother's madness: why should not the same weapon be
used by Bacchud foe ?
Tum vero totis Bacchi memorabile Thebis 121 b
Numen erat, magnasque novi matertera vires
Narrat ubique del, de totque sororibus expers
Una doloris erat, nisi quem fecere sorores. 1194
Aspicit banc, natis thalamoque Athamantis haben- ill
Sublimes animos et alumno numine, luno, [tem
Nec tulit, et secum ' Potuit de pelice natus
Vertere Maeonios pelagoque immergere nautas,
Et laceranda suae nati dare viscera matri,
10 Et triplices operire no vis Minyeidas alis : 112
Nil poterit luno nisi inultos flere dolores ?
Idque mihi satis est ? haec una potentia nostra est ?
Ipse docetj'quid agam—fas est et ab hoste doceri; 1401
Quidque furor valeat, Penthea caede satisque 149
Ac super ostendit. Cur non stimuletur eatque p. 153. e
Per cognata suis exempla furoribus Ino?' 106(0
She goes down to the nether world, and demands the help of the
Furies.
Est via declivis funesta nubila taxo;
Ducit ad infemas per muta silentia sedes.
Pallor hiemsque tenent late loca senta, novique
20 Qua sit iter, manes, Stygiam qua ducat ad urbem, 149
XIX.]
yUNffS REVENGE.
n
Ignoran^ ubi sit nigri fera regia Ditis.
Sxistinet ire illuc caelesti sede relicta,— 1401,123
Tantum odiis iraeque dabat,—Saturnia luno.
Quo simul intravit, sacroque a corpore pressum
Ingemuit limen, tria Cerberus extulit era
£t tres latratus simul edidit. Ilia sorores
Nocte vocat genitas, grave et implacabile numen. m
Quam simul agnorunt inter caliginis umbras,
Surrexere deae. Sedes scelerata vocatur:
30 Viscera praebebat Tityos lanianda, novemque 1442
lugeribusdistentuseratj tibi, Tantale, nullae/s. 137,0,/. 135,11
Deprenduntur aquae, quaeque imminet, effugit arbos;
Aut petis, aut urgues ruiturum,, Sisyphe, saxum;
Volvitur Ixion et se sequiturque fugitque.
Molirique suis letum patruelibus ausae
Assiduae repetunt quas perdant Belides undas. 150
Quos omnes acie postquam Saturnia torva 115
Vidit, et ante omnes Ixiona, rursus ab illo
Sisyphon aspiciens ' Cur hie e fratribus' inquit
40 ' Perpetuas patitur poenas, Athamanta superbum
Regia dives habet, qui me cum coniuge semper
Sprevit ?' et exponit causas odiique viaeque,
Quidque velit Quod vellet erat, ne regia Cadmi 149
Staret, et in facinus traherent Athamanta sorores.
The Furies consent and yuno returns. Tisiphone, in grisly shape, sets
out for the house of Athamus.
Tisiphone canos, ut erat turbata, capillos
Movit et obstantes reiecit ab ore colubras,
Atque ita ' Non longis opus est ambagibus' inquit: 119 («)
' Facta puta, quaecumque iubes; inamabile regnum
Desere, teque refer caeli melioris ad auras.'
50 Laeta redit luno, quam caelum intrare parantem 140 4
Roratis lustravit aquis Thaumantias Iris.
Nec mora, Tisiphone madefactam sanguine sumit
Importuna facem, fluidoque cruore rubentem
Induitur pallam, tortoque incingitur angue, /. 134. m- B4
Egrediturque domo. Luctus comitatur euntem
Et Pavor et Terror trepidoque Insania vultu. 115
Limine conititerat: postes tremuisse feruntur
78
STORIES FROM OVID.
[xix.
Aeolii, pallorque fores infecit acemas.
Solque locum fugit
Im and Athamas seek to leave the house, but the Fury stands in their
way, and launches at them her dire venom.
Monstris exterrita coniunx, m
60 Territus est Athamas, tectoque exire parabant; 123
Obstitit infelix aditumque obsedit Erinys,
Nexaque vipereis distendens bracchia nodis 115
Caesariem excussit; motae sonuere colubrae;
Inde duos mediis abrumpit crinibus angues,
Pestiferaque manu raptos immisit; at illi
Inoosque sinus Athamanteosque pererrant,
Inspirantque graves animas; nee vulnera membris
Ulla ferunt: mens est, quae diros sentiat ictus. 160
Attulerat secum liquid! quOque monstra veneni,
70 Oris Cerberei spumas et virus Echidnae,
Erroresque vagos, caecaeque oblivia mentis,
Et scelus et lacrimas rabiemque et caedis amorem, 132
Omnia trita simul, quae sanguine mixta recenti
Coxerat aere cavo, viridi versata cicuta.
Dumque pavent illi, vertit fiiriale venenum
Pectus in amborum, praecordiaque intima movit
Tum face iactata per eundem saepius orbem
Consequitur motis velociter ignibus ignes.
Sic victrix iussique potens ad inania magni 133
80 Regnaredit Ditis, sumptumque recingituranguem.
Athamas in his madness imagines his wife with her children to be a
lioness with two cubs: he tears the little Learchus from her bosom and
dashes him to the ground. Ino in Bacchic frenzy flies with her other
child and throws herself from a rock into the sea.
Protinus Aeolides media furibundus in aula
Clamat' lo, comites, his retia tendite silvis !
Hie modo cum gemina visa est mihi prole leaena,'
Utque ferae sequitur vestigia coniugis amens:
Deque sinu matris ridentem et parva Learchum
Bracchia tendentem rapit et bis terque per auras
More rotat fundae, rigidoque infantia saxo
Discutit ossa ferox. Tum denique concita mater,
Sou dolor hoc fecit, seu sparsi causa veneni.
XIX.]
yUNO'S REVENGE.
79
90 Exululat passisque fugit male sana capillis; 115
Teque ferens parvum nudis, Melicerta, lacertis
' Euhoe Bacche' sonat Bacchi sub nomine luno
Risit et' Hos usus praestet tibi' dixit' alumnus.'
Imminet aequoribus scopulus : pars ima cavatur 106 («)
Fluctibus et tectas defendit ab imbribus undas,
Summa riget frontemque in apertum porrigit aequor,
Occupat hunc—vires insania fecerat—Ino,
Seque super pontum nullo tardata timore
Mittit onusque suum. Percussa recanduit unda.
By the intervention of Venus the two become deities of the sea.
100 At Venus immeritae neptis miserata labores 135
Sic patruo blandita sue est: ' O numen aquarum, loe 3
Proxima cui caelo cessit, Neptune, potestas : 106 ■
Magna quidem posco, sed tu miserere meorum, 135
lactari quos cemis in Ionic immense,
Et dis adde tuis •, aliqua et mihi gratia ponto est.
Annuit oranti Neptunus et abstulit illis 106 («)
Quod mortale fuit, maiestatemque verendam
Imposuit, nomenque simul faciemque novavit;
Leiicotheaque deum cum matre Palaemona dixit.
Ho
XX
THE CALYDONIAN HUNT.
(VIII. 267—429.)
The adjoining fane the assembled Greeks express'd
And hunting of the Calydonian beast.
CEnides' valour and his envied prize,
The fatal power of Aulanta's eyes.
Drvden, Palamon and Arcitis.
ARGUMENT.
A wild boar was sent by the angry Diana to ravage the lands of (Eneas,
A general hunt is proclaimed. The boar is killed by Aleleager, who
gives part of the prize to Atalanta, as having drawn the first blood.
Diana is angry because she has been passed over in the thank-offerings
which (Eneus has given to the other gods, and sends a wild boar to
devastate the neighbourhood of Calydon.
Sparserat Argolicas nomen vaga fama per urbes
Theseos, at populi, quos dives Achaia cepit,
Huius opem magnis imploravere periclis. 107
Huius opem Calydon, quamvis Meleagron haberet, 152, i. s
Sollicita supplex petiit prece. Causa petendi
Sus erat, infestae famulus vindexque Dianae.
Oenea namque ferunt pleni successibus anni
Primitias frugum Cereri, sua vina Lyaeo, 145 (a)
Palladios flavae latices libasse Minervae. 106 3
ro Coeptus ab agricolis superos pervenit ad omnes
Ambitiosus honor: solas sine ture relictas
Praeteritae cessasse ferunt Latoidos aras.
Tangit et ira deos. ' At non impune feremus,
Quaeque inhonoratae, non et dicemur inultae'
Inquit, et Oeneos ultorem spreta per agros
Misit aprum, quanto maiores herbida tauros 124 »
Non habet Epiros, sed habent Sicula arva minores.
Is modo crescentes segetes proculcat- in herba.
Nunc matura metit fleturi vota coloni,
20 Et Cererem in spicis intercipit Area frustra,
Et frustra exspectant promissas horrea messes.
Stemuntur gravidi longo cum palmite fetus,
xx.; THE CALYDONIAN HUNT. 8i
Baccaque cum ramis semper iirondentis olivae.
Saevit et in pecudes: non has pastorve canesve,
Non armenta truces possunt defendere taurL
Meleager comes with the picked youth of Greece to the rescue: with
them too comes Atalanta, a maiden votaress of Diana, with whom
Meleager falls in love.
Diffugiunt populi, nec se nisi moenibus urbis 112
Esse putant tutos; donee Meleagros et una
Lecta manus iuvenum coiere cupidine laudis: /. 133,81
Tu que simul nemoris decus O Tegeaea Lycaei.
30 Rasilis huic summam mordebat fibula vestem :
Crinis erat simplex, nodum collectus in unum:
Ex humero pendens resonabat ebumea laevo
Telorum custos : arcum quoque laeva tenebat.
Talis erat cultu : facies, quam dicere vere
Virgineam in puero, puerilem in virgine possis. 150
Hanc pariter vidit, pariter Calydonius heros
Optavit, renuente dec, flammasque latentes
Hausit, et' O felix siquem dignabitur' inquit
' Ista virum 1' Nec plura sinit tempusque pudorque
40 Dicere: mains opus magni certaminis urguet.
The boar is roused, and tears through the wood. The hounds disperse,
and the huntsmen attack in vain.
Silva frequens trabibus, quam nulla ceciderat 119 i
Incipit a piano, devexaque prospicit arva. [aetas.
Quo postquam venere viri, pars retia tendunt,
Vincula pars adimunt canibus,pars pressa sequuntur 106 (a)
Signa pedum, cupiuntque suum reperire periclum.
Concava vallis erat, quo se demittere rivi
Assuerant pluvialis aquae : tenet ima lacunae p. 138, vi. (a)
Lenta salix ulvaeque leves iuncique palustres
Viminaque et longa parvae sub anmdine cannae.
50 Hinc aper excitus medios violentus in hostes
Fertur, ut excussis elisi nubibus ignes. 123
Sternitur incursu nemus, et propulsa fragorem
Silva dat. Exclamant iuvenes, praetentaque forti
Tela tenent dextra lato vibrantia ferro.
Hie ruit spargitque canes, ut quisque furenti 106 («)
o
82
STORIES IROM OVID.
{XX.
Obstat, et obliquo latrantes dissipat ictu.
Cuspis Echionio primum contorta lacerto
Vana fuit, truncoque dedit leve vulnus acema
Proxima, si nimiis mittentis viribus usa
60 Non foret, in tergo visa est haesura petito:
Longius it; auctor tali Pagasaeus lason.
' Phoebe,' ait Ampycides ' si te coluique coloque.
Da mihi quod petitur certo contingere teio!'
Qua potuit, precibus deus annuit. Ictus ah illo 106 3
Sed sine vulnere, aper; ferrum Diana volanti [est,
Abstulerat iaculo, lignum sine acumine venit.
Ira feri mota est, nec fulmine lenius arsit: 1241
Emicat ex ocuUs, spirat quoque pectore flamma.
Utque volat moles adducto concita nervo,
70 Quum petit aut muros, aut plenas milite turres,
In iuvenes certo sic impete vulnificus sus 113
Fertur, et Eupalamon Pelagonaque, dextra tuentes
Comua, prosternit Socii rapuere iacentes.
Forsitan et Pylius citra Troiana perisset
Tempora; sed sumpto posita conamine ab hasta
Arboris insiluit, quae stabat proxima, ramis,
Despexitque, loco tutus, quem fugerat hostem. 111
Dentibus ille ferox in quemo stipite tritis
Imminet exitio, fidensque recentibus armis
80 Ornytidae magni rostro femur hausit adunco.
At gemini, nondum caelestia sidera, firatres,
Ambo conspicui, nive candidioribus ambo
Vectabantur equis, ambo vibrata per auras
Hastarum tremulo quatiebant spicula motu.
Vulnera fecissent, nisi saetiger inter opacas,
Nec iaculis isset nec equo loca pervia, silvas. 90
Persequitur Telamon, studioque incautus eundi 1411
Pronus ab arborea cecidit radice retentus.
At last Atalanta draws blood. Meleager rejoices at her success,
Dum levat hunc Peleus, celerem Tegeaea sagittam
90 Imposuit nervo, sinuatoque expulit arcu.
Fixa sub aure feri summum destringit arundo
Corpus, et exiguo rubefecit sanguine saetas.
Nec tamen ilia sui successu laetior ictus, ill
THE CALYDONIAH HUNT.
Quam Meleagros erat Primus vidisse putatur,
£t primus sociis visum ostendisse cruorem,
Et' Meritum' dixisse ' feres virtutis honorem.'
Erubuere viri, seque exhortantur, et addunt
Cum clamore animos, iaciuntque sine ordine tela
Turba nocet iactis, et quos petit, impedit ictus.
Tie attack is renewed without success till Meleager brings the animal
to bay, and kills him. He shares the spoil with Atalanta.
loo At manus Oenidae variat, missisque duabus
Hasta prior terra, medio stetit altera tergo.
Nec mora, dum saevit, dum corpora versat in orbem,
Stridentemque novo spumam cum sanguine fundit,
Vulneris auctor adest, hostemque irritat ad iram,
Splendidaque adversos venabula condit in armos.
Gaudia testantur socii clamore secundo,
Victricemque petunt dextrae coniungere dextram. 106 (a)
Immanemque ferum multa tellure iacentem
Mirantes spectant, neque adhuc contingere tutum
I lo Esse putant; sed tela tamen sua quisque cruentat.
Ipse pede imposito caput exitiabile pressit,
Atque ita 'Sume mei spolium, Nonacria, iuris'
Dixit' et in partem veniat mea gloria tecum.'
Protinus exuvias, rigidis horrentia saetis
Terga dat et magnis insignia dentibus cm..
NOTES
I.
THE LOVERS OF BABYLON.
3. Altam goes with cinzisse. The walls wete of brick (coctiles)
and, according to Herodotus I. 178, were 480 stadia in
circuit, 50 royal cubits in width, 200 royal cubits in height.
Prof. Rawlinson estimates this at ' 373 ft. 4 in., or 13 ft. 4 in.
higher than the extreme height of St. Paul's.' If this be
correct, Babylon may well be said to mount up to heaven
(Jeremiah li. 53); but it is probably exaggerated. Sir H. C.
Rawlinson believes ' that the height of the walls of Babylon
did not exceed 60 or 70 English feet' (Rawlinson's Herodolns,
ad locum).
4. Oootilibus.
Walles Full hye, of harde tiles wel ybake.
Chaucer, Legende of Goode IVomen, 709.
Semiramis, probably the wife of Vul-lush III., the Pul of Scrip¬
ture, about the first half of the eighth century before Christ.
She is mentioned in Herodotus (1.184) as building embank¬
ments to control the river. (See Rawlinson's Herodotus,
I. 382, or Dict. Bible, art. Pul.)
5. Primos eradus, the first approaches {i.e. of acquaintance).
0. Taedae lore, by right of marriage, or, in lawful marriage; the
bride was escorted to her new home by torchlight.
7.^ What is the antecedent to quod f
10.' Understand eo with the second magds :
As wrie the glede and hotter is the fire;
Forbeede a love, and it is ten times so woode.—Chaucer, 735;
iforie, fiom A.S.wreon, to cover; glede, hot coals or charcoal ;
woode, mad.)
15. Iter, predicate, ' made it a passage for the voice.'
18. Vices. Generally in y'vum: the plural denotes frequent repetition.
20. It was not such a great matter to let us embrace; vel, at any
rate. We should say, it would not have been much, but the
Latin in such cases prefers the direct statement of the indica¬
tive. iWwas not in itself a great thing, that you should refuse
it. So with possum, debeo, oportet, deeet, the imperfect or
86
STOHIES FROM OVID
jjrererite of the indicative b used, not the pluperfect subjunc¬
tive, even in an imaginary case.
Antoni gladios potuit contemnere, si ac
Omnia dixisset.—Juv. Sat. X. 123.
(Cicero) might hav* made light of Antony's assassins, if all
hb utterances had been like thb. Compare III. 69.
32. Tibi debere, are your debtors.
24. Siversa sede. Theb homes were on opposite sides of the walk
So contra (below), to the other side.
28. Had dried uppe the dewe of herbes wete.—Ckadcbr, 775.
33. Neve = et ne. And lest they might miss each other by walking
about in an open space.
34. TTmbra. The meeting b by night, but it is moonlight, line 45.
35. Niveis suggests the transformation later. These Stories of Ovid
are all ' Metamorphoses.'
38. A<inis, dative, a kind of indirect object or recipient. Oceanus
receives the Setting Sun. Cp. Virgil, Mntid XI. 192 :
It c<f lo clamorque itenimdangorque tubarum ;
Hinc alii ^olia occisis derepta iratinis
' Conidunt igoi.
40—42, Note the changes of tense.
40. Adoperta vultum. It is perhaps best to take the participle in
this construction as middle. Cf. Horace, Sat. I. 6, 74:
Laevo suspensi loculos tabulamque lacerto,
with their counters and slate hung on the left arm. L. Gr.
p. 134, III. B. 4,
43. Distinguish between obUta and obUta.
49. Sine ipsa, without their owner. So ipse and o&rbr are 'the
master.' aMt 1^, ipse dixit, the master said so, a frequent
rormula with Pythagoras' dbciples.
56. Nostra, emphatic, mme b the guilty soul.
58. I ought to have been here to receive you.
Di. The coward wishes for death : the brave man secures it for him¬
self.
63. Dedit oscula, belongs to the ut clause. This omission of et is
very common in poetry and in animated prose. It b called
As^deton (d, privative, and irvvS4», to bind together). Cp.
lines 105, iia
66. Nee mora, and without delay. This phrase is often used as a
parenthesis, and does not affect the construction of the
sentence.
67. Emicat, spouts out.
The blood out of the wounde as bioode sterte
As water, whaime the couduyte broken ys.—Chavcbb, sst.
68. 'Just as when the lead b cracked, and the pipe bursts, and with
a hissing sound shoots out its waters in a long stream'
Iionsas b part of the predicate, and goes with eiaoulatur.
I.] NOTES—THE LOVERS OF BABYLON. 87
71—73. There are two causes of the transformation. ' The berries are
bespattered with blood, and the blood soaks through to the
roots, and so stains the sap.
74. Uetu nondum posito, though she had not yet got rid of her
fear. Her love makes her brave it
75. Oculis animoque, denotes the longing eagerness of the search.
, 77. Ut—sic, like the Greek —8i, although—^yet.
78. An, which is properly the second member of a disjunctive
question, when used by itself generally denotes that' which
can hardly be. Cf. V. 71.
79' And at the last luie love than hath she founde
Be^ge with his helis on the grounde
A1 blody: and theremthal abak she sterte
And lyke the wawes quappe gan hire herte,
And pale as boxe she wax, and in a throwe
Avisra lur, and gan hym wel to knowe
That it was Piramus, hire herte dere.—Chaucer, 86a.
80. Buzo. Ovid often uses this comparison. So in Metamh.
XI. 406:
Cui protinus intima frigus
Ossa receperunt, buxoque Simillimus ora
Pallor obit.
'Virgil dwells on its hardness. Georo. XL 449. Tomo rasile
buxum.
82. Stringitor, is ruffled.
83. Amores, in this sense generally used in the pluraL
84. Indignos, innocent.
85. See note on 1. 40.
94. Ebur, the ivory sheath.
96. Hie, sc. amor.
For love shal we yeve strengthe and hardynesse
To make my wounde large ynogh I gesse.
I wol the folowen deede, and I wol be
Felawe, and cause eke of thy deeth quod she.
Chaucer, 893.
99. Nee = Gk. oiS4, not even.
103. Non invideatis, form one word = grant; otherwise ut non
would become ne. 'What is understood to complete the
construction of invideo f
106. Pollatus is the regular expression for ' in mourning.'
112. Quod rogis superest, i.«., the ashes, after the bodies were
burnt.
68
STORIES FROM OVID.
[11.
ii.
BAUCIS AND PHILEMON.
The scene of this story is laid in the central part of Asia Minor. If
Phrygia was the home of such a legend, we can understand why the
simple Lycaonians called Barnabas Jupiter and Paul Mercury. Acts
XIV. 12.
I. As in I. 35, the mention of the trees prepares the way for the
denouement of the story.
3. Tantalus, the father of Pelops, was king of Phrygia. Pittheus,
king of Troezen, was son of Pelops. The sp^er Lelex came
from Troezen.
4, Besmata, passive participle of intransitive verb. So HoR.
Od. II. 6, ii, regnata Phalanto rura. Ovid, Fasti, IV. 617,
cessatis in arvis. Virg. Georg. III. 33, triumphatas gentes.
The use seems confined to intransitive verbs of the first
conjugation.
6. Mer^i, divers. Cf. Tennyson's Brook, ' I come from hmnts of
coot and hem.'
8. Mercury was son of Maia, daughter of Atlas. The oadnceus was
his staff of office as messenger of the gods : but in his mortal
disguise he would leave it behind, so that cadncifer is merely
a stock epithet = the herald Mercury.
Alls, called talaria (cp. VI. 5), and attached to the feet.
15. Kec inicLua = et aequa. So neo loneae, 1. 50.
Uente, hence the Italian and French adverbs in mente, ment:
giustamente, justement = ittsta mente.
16. Ovid is fond of this form of the alternative question, in which the
first member has no interrogative particle, the second tu or
an. Cf. III. ^ 44, 94. L. G. p. 145 B.
17. Idem,~plural for iidem. They had no servant.
19 The door was too low for them to enter without stooping.
22 The ' braise' or embers of yesterday's wood fire, not yet extinct.
24. Ad flammas, to a blaze. Anili, and so feeble.
?S. Multifidas, chopped small. They were too poor to use logs.
So part of their firewood consists of the dry dead branches
that they had gathered.
29. Sordida, from the smoke.
30. Join diu servato.
32. With true courtesy they keep up a chat with their guests, to wile
away the delay.
33. The torus is the bed ; lectus the bedstead, of which sponda is the
framework, pedes the supports.
37. The bedstead (used for a couch) could not complain that the
coverlet put it to shame.
38. Accumbo, always at meals.
Succincta, girt up as for an effort; it pictures the old woman's
weakness.
NOTES—BAUCIS AND PHILEMON. 89
39, 40. Pes tertius. The three-le^ed table was in Ovid's time
used only by poor people: without the testa it would have
sloped. The table, according to Greek and Roman custom,
was brought up to the guests, and was changed with each
course: hence mensa secunda (51). On this occasion there
is no second table, so both courses are put on at once, and the
wine has to be put aside to make room for the dessert (50).
42. Bloolor. The olive is eaten green; but when thoroughly ripe for
the oil-press, it is black.
Sincerae, a stock epithet of Minerva as a pure maiden.
Intiba, endive; lactis coaeti, curd cheese.
45. Non aori, dull, no longer glowing.
4& The crater was also of earthenware, of the same 'plate'
(argrento).
The word caelatus properly belongs to the engraving or em¬
bossing of metals.
48. They were waxed over to make them watertight.
50. ' Wines of no great age.'
52. Ifuac, the walnut, as is plain from a poem called by that name,
sometimes attributed to Ovid. The French noix preserves
the old meaning.
Carica, a Carian ^—i.e., dried figs.
Bugosis, wrinkled, shows that the dates too were dried.
54. Parpnreis, the epithet belongs in sense to uvae.
55. To crown all were added kindly looks, and a will that showed
no sluggishness or poverty.
The whole of this description is full of happy touches.
58. Sucorescere, as if the wine kept welling up from below. They
at once conclude that the ' gods are come down in the like¬
ness of men.'
59. Supinis, the mark of prayer to the Dii superi. The hands are
held above the head, with the palms upward.
61. BuUis paratibus, for the absence of preparation.
62. Onstodia, in allusion to the story of the geese on the Capitol,
who by their cackling gave notice that the Gauls were climb¬
ing up by the secret way and put Manlius and his soldiers on
the alert.
68. Immnnibus. What other case could stand here, and why?
Note the resemblance between this part of the story and
the escape of Lot firom Sodom.
70. Oomitate. The active form is only found in the poets.
77. It was small even for them, modest as were their needs.
78. Fuxcas, the gables.
79. Stramina, of the thatch.
85. In prose ut simus, L. Gr. p. 170, I. 2, c. (2).
89. Fides, because the way in which Jupiter had asked their wishes
implied a promise.
90. Soluti, enfeebled. So we speak of an old man 'breaking up.'
92. Inciperent,<fcegan to talk over.
94. Cacumine, especially used of the top shoot of a tree.
9©
STORIES FROM OVID.
[ill.
95. Dum, as long as. What would dum licet mean ?
97. Tyana was a town in Cappadocia, on the high road to Syria, at
the foot of Mount Taimis, and near the entrance to the
Cilician gates.
99. Non vani, sober, serious.
loi. Serta, as votive offerings, like those which Roman CaAolic
pilgrims hang up at famous shrines of the Madonna or saints.
ni.
ATALANTA'S RACE.
There are two versions of this story. In Ovid, Atalanta is the
daughter of Schoeneus, and so a Boeotian. In the other she is an
Arcadian, the daughter of lasus and Clymene. She is exposed as a
child on the Parthenian hill, and grows up a devotee of Artemis.
When grown up she was brought back to her father's house. The
Delphic oracle had cautioned her against marriage, so, being very
swift-footed, she refused to give her ^nd to any man that could not
conquer her in the race, and, in order still more to dissuade her suitors,
the penalty of defeat was death. The name of the winner in the other
version is Milanion, which Mr. Morris has adopted in the 'Earthly
Paradise,' placing the scene in Arcadia. There was a vigorous represen¬
tation of this race in the Royal Academy Exhibition for 1876, by Mr.
E. J. Poynter, A. R.A.
i. Forsitan (fore sit an) generally takes the subjunctive ; forsan
subjunctive or indicative: cp. Virgil's 'forsan et haec olim
meminisse juvabit.' Aen. I. 203.
7. A woman who marries gives up her own independence.
8. The responses of an oracle were called sortes.
Inntiba. Note the quantity. The vowel is lengthened in
the present stem of nubo (cp. dfic-, duco, die-, dico), and in
the noun nubes, and the adjective nubilis. The wori means
' veil,' and so a cloud is a sun-veU.
10. Potiunda, gerundive, of that which is fixed or destined: or
possibly like the Greek verbal in -tos, used potentially:
cp. 84.
14, 15. Ovid is fond of these disjointed sentences. Connected, this
would be tanta, ut vemrit. Compare V. i, 6, 13, 102, in all
which we should insert ' when.' "
19. Velamine, the shawl or litiruw: she would run in her x'Ttiv.
23. Ne etuis. Zeugma: with optat it is negative, with timet
- positive.
27. Ezigit secum, is weighing, pondering in his mind.
29. Aonio, Boeotian, from the name of its old inhabitants.
30. Her running gives her fresh grace. The flush of excitement gives
fresh animation to her face, and the gracefulness of her move¬
ment sets off the beauty of her figure.
IIlJ NOTES—ATALANTA'S RACE. 91
31. Seoursa, run over, used properly of the course (decurso spatio),
so that meta is put for the course, of which the goal is the
limit
39. Onchestins. Onchestus was an ancient town of Boeotia, a little
south of Lake Copals, and near to Haliartus. It was the place
of meeting of the Boeotian Amphictyony.
40. PronepoB.. The order of relationship is pater, avus, proavus,
abamu, atavus: so filius, nepos, pronepos, abnepos.
4t. Citra, on this side of—does not stop short ot
43. Uolli Tultu, with relenting face.
45. Join formosis iniauns.
46. Bisorimine, at the hazard, abl. of price.
48. Poteram, I might have been.
50. Leti, gen. defining interrita, in respect of.
51. Aequorea origine, his descent from Neptune, the god of the sea.
55. No maiden could refuse you; none could say a girl was foolish,
who longed to have you for a husband.
58. She has been talking to Hippomenes in kindness. She now tries
to shake off her weakness, and breaks into the third person ;
presently it comes back and she resumes the second person,
utinam desistere velles !
62. Join invidiae non ferendae gen. of quality. If I conquer, my
name will be branded with infamy for putting to death one so
noble, whose only fault is his love for me.
66. NoUem, the negative, as in nego, goes with fnissem. I would
I had not.
67. Vivere, a poetical construction; in prose dignus eras qui viveres.
69. TXnus eras, see note on I. 20, ' you would be.'
71. Faoit, direct instead of oblique. Non. sentit, is not con¬
scious of.
73. ICe. Venus, the speaker.
76. Non invida, readily, willingly.
78. Tamasenm, a plain sacred to Venus, near Tamasa, the Homeric
ItlUai), in the middle of Cyprus, N.W. of Olympus. It was
in a very fertile country in the neighbourhood of extensive
copper mines (telluris pars optima). Hence the Latin
name cuprum, our copper. Germ. Kupfer.
83. Hinc. Other versions bring them from the garden of the
Hesperides. Cp. XII. 86.
84. Videnda, visible; see note on 1. 10.
86. Pronns expresses the straining forward towards the goal.
87. Emicat, darts forward. The idea of mico is that of rapid
motion. Conversely we say a thing flashes past.
Libat, skims.
88. Imitated from Homer II. xx. 226—9 '•
At S* Srt mIv OKipT'fiv hi (clSapov Hiiovfutv,
'Attpov bd avBeplKuv Kopirhv 6iov, oiSi ttarlxXm',
'AW' SrmSii OKipT^fv h' eip4a vara Swdtrtrqr,
'Attpov jftir/iJuvot hXbs xo\toto 94(O^OV
92
STORIES FROM OVID.
[17.
So Virgil of Camilla, ^n. VIL 808 i
Ilia vel intactae segetis per sun^ volaret
Gramina, nec teneras cursu laesisset aristas; _
mare per medium fluctu suspensa tumenti
Ferret iter, ceteris nec tingueret aequore plantas.
And Pope, Essay on Criticism, 372 :
Not so when swift Camilla scours the plain.
Flies o'er Ae unbending com, and skims along the mam.
Cp, Scott, Lady of the Lake, L 18:
E'en the sU^t harebell raised its head
Elastic from her airy tread.
95. This touch is almost modem. Mr. Morris has beautifully
expanded it:
Why must she drop her lids before his gaze.
And even as she casts adown her eye,
Redden to note his eager glance of praise.
And wish that she were clad in other guise!
Why must the memory to her heart arise
Of things unnoticed when they first were heard,
^me lover's song, some answering maiden's wordt
What makes these longings, vague, without a name.
And this vain pity never felt before,
This sudden hmguor, this contempt of fame.
This tender sorrow for the time passed o'er.
These doubts that grow each minute more and more!
Why does she tremble as the time grows near,
And weak defeat and woeful victory fear?
103. Oesso, an intrans. verb, might have an accus. of duration of
time, which is thus made the subject of the passive.
109. Juvenaliter, vigorously.
110. Peteret, the oblique of petam, the deliberative subjunctive, am
I to go after it ?
112. She was delayed (mora) by going out of the course, and the
weight (gravitate) made her run less swiftly.
iv.
WHY APOLLO LOVES THE BAY.
This is one of the Greek stories on which modem researches into the
still older Sanskrit literature have poured fresh light Daphne is the
dawn, the Sanskrit Dahani, from the root dah, to bum. The dawn is
punned by the sun and dies. "Daphne is young and beautiful-
Apollo loves her—she flies before him, and dies as he embraces her
with his brilliant rays. Or, as another poet of the Veda (X. 1S9)
expresses it, ' The dawn comes near to him—she expires as soon as he
begins to breathe—the mighty one irradiates the sky.' Any one who
has eyes to see, and a heart to feel with nature, like the poets of old,
may still see Daphne and Apollo—the dawn mshing and trembling
through the sky, and fading away at the sudden approach of the bright
17.] mTES—WHY APOLLO LOVES THE BAY. 93
sun. The metamorphosis of Daphne is a continuation of the myth of
peculiarly Greek growth. Daphne, in Greek, meant no longer the
dawn, but it had become the name of the laurel" (Sd^, Thessalian
SaixyVt ' as wood that easily,' Hesych. Savxfihi'' IvKavoroi' ii\oy,
"Hence the tree Daphne was considered sacred to the
lover of Daphne, the dawn, and Daphne herself was fabled to have
been changed into a tree when praying to her mother to protect her
from the violence of Apollo." (Max Muller, Essaj/ on Comparative
Mythology, Chips from a German Workshop, II. 92.)
The same writer shows (Science of Language, II. 503) that another
form Ahan^ explains the legend of Athene's birth from the head of
Zeus, as the dawn springing from the East, the forehead of the sky.
3. Vlcto serpente, ablative of cause, the participle being used as
a predicate, as in ante conditam urbem. So 'deleta urbs
Saguntum causa fuit belli Punici secundi,' the destruction of
Saguntum: ' Occisus Caesar aliis praeclarum facinus vide-
batur' (Tag. Ann. I. 8), the murder of Caesar.
4. The bow was tipped with horn.
5. Qnid tibi . . . cum: so in Greek ri ludi koI vol; sc. koiv6v Ion;
what have I to do with thee ?
6. Ista, that you wear.
8. His other parts besides.
Prone on the flood, extended long and large.
Lay floating many a rood : in bulk as huge
As whom the fables name of wondrous size,
Briareos or Typhon, whom the den
By ancient Tarsus held.—milton, Paradise Lost, 1.194.
9. Tumidnm, swelling with pride.
10. Nesclo qnos is treated as one word in metre and in construction.
11. Assere, claim.
13. Oednnt, are inferior to. The word implies a comparative, and
so takes quanfp, not quantum.
15. Fercnssis pennis, with the beating of his wings ; abl. of manner
after eliso.
16. Oonstitit. The perfect marks the rapidity of the action. Delphi,
the seat of Apollo's temple and oracle was on the south slope
- of Parnassus.
18. Diversomm operam, with different potency.
20. The lead would make it fiy less easily.
21. Daphne was the daughter of Peneus. The valley of Tempe, through
which the river Peneus finds its way to the sea, was speciaUy
connected with the worship of Apollo. It was there, accord¬
ing to the legend, that he found expiation after being polluted
with the blood of the Python, and from there that he brought
the laurel to Delphi. This gave rise to a festival called the
Daphnephoria, in which the Delphians, every ninth year, sent
a procession of youths to Tempe, and their chief brought back
a branch of daurel.
26. Vitta, like the scotch snood, a mark of maidenhood. Cp. Scott,
Lady of the Lake, HI. 5, *the virgin snood.'
94 STORIES FROM OVID. [!▼•
27. Averaata petentes, rejecting their advancea
32. Taedas. See L 6, note.
33. Ora, a good instance of the accusative of reference, which is
oiiginally an accusative limiting extent. The blush spreads
over her whole face.
34. Blandis, coaxing.
36. Her father, sc. Jupiter.
37. To make the sentence more graphic, the poet suddenly addresses
the maiden as if she were present; this figure is called
' apostrophe.*
4a Sua refers to ilium, the virtual subject
42. Ardent, are set on fire, so followed by the abL of means.
43. Sub luce, when day breaks.
47. Quid si comantur f an instance of the elliptic conditional with
apodosis suppressed. Cp. sf Mip i/uii vavro, if you would
only give me thia
49. Oupido, in his eagemesa
54. Hostes... amor. Note the antithesis. You flee as if an enemy
were following you, but I am a friend and lover.
55. Ne. He miserum implies fear.
61. I am no unkempt shepherd.
63. Patarea, cp. Horace, 'Delius et Patareus Apollo,'III.
4, 64. Olaros was a small town on the Ionian coast, near
Colophon, with a temple and an oracle ; Tenedos, an island
off Troas; Patara, a flourishing seaport on the coast of
Lycia, a chief seat of Apollo's worslup, with a celebrated
•winter oracle.
64. Apollo is the god of prophecy, of music, of the bow, and of
medicine.
65. Concordant, songs are wedded to music.
69. Potentia, efficacy, potency.
75. Compare III. 30. Her loose gown was blown towards her so as
to show the outlines of her figure.
78. Admisso passu, with hastened step. Cp. VIII. 89.
81. Similis is often used with participles. So Cicero of Diogenes in
the market-place, quaerenti similis, Cp. XVII. 62, similis
tenenti. It may be translated by 'as. if.' Note the pres.
tenere after sperat. Why not future ?
82. Stringit, is close upon. Lit. grazes.
84. Tangrentia, as they touch.
87. Bequiem ne^at, gives her no re.st.
93. The moment of tms transformation was a favourite subject with
painters of the l6th and 17th centuries.
94. Iiibro, bark. From its use as a writing material liber gets the
secondary meaning of 'book.'
07. Kemanet, the brightness and that alone is left.
101, Where Daphne, now a tree, as once a maid.
Still from Apollo vindicates her shade.
Still turns her beauties from the invading beam.
Nor seeks in vain for succour to the stream.—Pore.
r.T NOTES—THE DEACON'S TEETH. 95
106. Oapltolia. The Capitoline hill has two summits with a depres>
sion in the middle; hence the plural.
A Triumph was a long procession, in which a victorious
general entered the city by the Porta Triumphalis, the position
of which cannot now be fixed, and passed through it to the
Capitol by the Via Sacra and the Forum, to offer a bull in
thanksgiving to the Capitoline Jove. He drove in a four-
horse chariot (quadriga), wearing an embroidered toga (toga
picta), a tunic embroidered with palm-leaves (tunica palmata),
and a laurel-wreath. He was preceded by the captives that
he had taken, and the spoils that he had won, and was
followed by his troops (longras pompas), while the people
around shouted lo triumphe (Iseta vox triumphum canet).
107. In the vestibule of Augustus' temple at Rome was a bay-tree, on
which was hung the civic crown of oak leaves.
110. The bay is an evei^een.
THE DRAGON'S TEETH.
There are two sets of legends about the founding of Thebes. The
first refers to the original city, the Cadmea, afterwards the citadel or
acropolis. Cadmus, its supposed founder, is represented as the father
of Semele and her sisters, the heroines of the legends of Bacchus or
Dionysus (see No. XIX.). The second centres in Amphion and
Zethus, the former of whom is said to have built the walls of Thebes
by his music (see VIII. 31). They were not Thebans by birth, but
were looked upon as the founders of the later Thebes outside the citadel,
of the outer walls and the seven gates. The legend of Cadmus is often
interpreted as the story of a Phoenician immigration, the legend ol
Europa forming part of it (niebuhr, Lectures on Ancient History), but
the name is apparently Greek, and the idea of an Oriental origin is pro¬
bably due to Greek colonists in Asia Minor: yet the Tyrian origin was
widely adopted among the Greeks. Cp. Eurip. Fhoenissae, 638,
KdS/tos Tiptos.
1. Oastalio, from a fountain on Mount Parnassus sacred to Apollo,
in which the Pythian priestess used to bathe. The term is
applied to the cell of the oracle. There was a steep descent
from Delphi to the plain. ^
2. See note on III. 14, 15.
4. Iiesit, used like carpo with grressus, vestiEin, to follow closely
—^as it were to take up a person's steps : presso, close.
5. Aactorenr viae, the director of his way.
6. Oephisns, a river that rises in Phocis, and flows through Boeotia
into the lake Copais. Vada implies that this was near its
source. iThe town of Panope was on its banks and near the
frontier of Boeotia.
o6 STO/f/£S FROM OVID. [V.
Evaserat, an intransitive verb with active construction, ' accord*
ingto the sense.' So, ut urbem excederent Volsci, LiVY, II. 37.
See Madvig, $ 224, c.
7. Cornibus altis, to be taken with speciosam.
8. Impnlit auras, made the air ring.
9. Ataue ita, and with this.
14. liibandas, for a libation, which formed part of the sacrifice.
16. Specus, as a cavity in the earth; antrum (our 'grotto'), (18)
as a habitation.
Virgris ac vimine, hendiadys—osier boughs, or twigs.
19. Cristis et auro, golden crest. This description seems to have
suggested some touches to Spenser for the description of the
dragon in the Faerie Queene,\. Canto 11. Compare the
following:
'Approaching nigh, he reared high afore
His body monstrous, horrible and vast;
Which to increase his wondrous greatness more
Was swollen with wrath and poison, and with gore.'
' And what more wondrous was, in either jaw.
Three ranks of iron teeth enranged were.
' His blazing eyes, like two bright shining shields.
Hid bum with wrath and spanded living fire.'
llartius, the offspring of Mars.
22. Join Tyria de grente profeoti, the Tyrian emigrants.
23. Infausto, luckless.
26. Efifiuzere, rellnquit. Notice the change in the tenses. The
first denotes the suddenness of the action.
28. Cf. Spenser, VH supra;
His huge long tail, wound up in hundred folds,
Does overspread his long brass-scaly back.
Whose wreathed boughts whenever he unfolds.
And thick.entangled knots adown does slack.
It sweepeth all the land behind him far.
And of three furlongs does but little lack.
30. i.e.. Plus quam media parte, more than by the half.
32. The space between Ursa major and Ursa minor is filled by the
constellation Anguis, or the Dragon. Cf. Milton, P. L.
II. 709:
A comet
That fires the length of Ophiuchus huge
In the arctic sky.
33. See T. 66, note.
Sive—sive, whether they were preparing to fight or to fly.
36. Afflatl veneni, his venomed breath.
37. What time of day does this denote ?
43. Spatiosl corporis = an adjective. So our 'able-bodied'
might be translated by ' robusti corporis.' «
46. IColarem, a huge stone; lit., a millstone (cp. molar teeth). Cpi
Eurip. Phoenissae, 662, sq.
iv M xiprtftas fioX&v,
KcfSuot &\ftre uaoaiou.
v.] NOTES—THE DRAGON'S TEETH. 97
48. Cum turribns oelsis. The walls of a town had geneially these
watch-towers at intervals along them.
53. Iientae, pliant, and therefore vulnerable at the joints.
57. It had gone so deep that he had to move it about in all directions,
to loosen it, and then the spike was left.
j8. The steely head stuck fast still in his flesh.—Spenser.
63. Vitiatas infioit, an instance of what is called Prolepsis (jrpo-
Xanpdvw) = t(a inficit ut vitiatae sint.
66. Impete, antiquated form of ablative of impetus, as if from impes.
68. Spolio leonis. See 39.
68 and following. The serpent moves on against Cadmus, who
gradually gives ground, acting all the time on the defensive.
The brute bites at the head of the spear, which he holds out
to prevent attack, till the blood flows from his jaws. Nor
can Cadmus inflict any decisive wound even thus, for each
time that he tries to thrust it deeper in, the monster draws
back his neck, till at last he succeeds in pinning him, and
follows him up closely till he drives his spear home into an
oak tree.
75. Sedere, not a prose construction: arcebat = non patiebatur.
Words of preventing generally take quominus.
82. Spatium, the size.
85. Cadmus and his wife Harmonia were afterwards changed into
dragons.
Never since of serpent-kind
Lovelier, not those that in lllyria changed
Hermione and Cadmus.—Milton, Paradise Losif IX. 505.
89. Pallas, so Eorip. Phoen. 666 :
dlas dfidropos (ppdSauri IloXXdSos
yasrereTs dixiiv oSbvras
es pa$V(rir6povs yias.
90. Inorementa, the seeds. Cp. Virgil's magnum Jovis incre-
mentum. Eel. IV.
92. Mortalia, for men were to spring from them.
93. What does majus agree with ?
98. In Roman theatres the curtain was not dropped, but raised at the
end of a play, the curtain-roller being at the bottom; conse¬
quently of the figures painted on it (signa) the heads appeared
first.
100. Sducta, sc. signa, whose feet rest on the lower border of the
curtain (imo in margine).
104. Civillbns, as between brethren.
106. What is the subject to ferit?
110. Compare the story of Medea and Jason, where the men that
spring from the dragon's teeth destroy each other in a similar
way. XVI. 141.
111. Brevis, fftiother instance of transposed epithet for breve spatium
vitae.
II
98 STORIES FROM OVID. [vi.
114. Tritonldis. One of the names of Pallas, variously explained;
possibly it has a reference to a stream called Triton, near
Alalcomenae, in Boeotia, where Athena was worehipped.
117. Sortibus links the end of the story with its beginning.
vi.
ANDROMEDA'S RELEASE.
The story of Perseus is another of those in which modem criticism
finds a poetical description of natuitd phenomena. It bears a certain
resemblance to the Scandinavian legend of Sigurd and Brynhild, and
so has probably a common origin. Perseus travels from East to West,
where the Graiai and the Gorgons dwell, whom, as Aeschylus tells us
(Prometheus Vinctus, 796), neither the sun nor the nightly moon visits
with its rays. He goes to slay the Gorgon Medusa. So the sun
even in his-setting hastens to triumph over darkness and death. The
deliverance of Andromeda may be an added episode, to bring out the
special feature of Medusa's head turning all to stone. Preller's expla¬
nation (Griechische Mytkologie, 11. 71), that Andromeda is the moon
in the shape of a beautiful maiden attacked by the darkness in the
shape of a sea-monster and rescued by the sun-god, seems far-fetched.
While we may accept the main outline of a solar myth, we may surely
allow some licence to the poetic faculty in the details.
It is interesting to compare with this story the legend of our national
champion St. George, the hero of the ' Faerie Queene.' Sl George
was a native of Cappadocia. In travelling to join his legion he came
to a city of Libya called Selene, whose people were plagued by a dragon
which ravaged their lands. To prevent this monster from coming up to
their city they offered to him daily two sheep; and when the sheep were
exhausted they were obliged to sacrifice daily two of their children.
These were taken by lot, and at last the lot fell on the king's only
daughter, Cleodolinda. The king offered all that he had to redeem her,
but the people refused, and he was obliged to yield. The maiden went
out towards the dwelling of the dragon, and as she went met the
Cappadocian knight, who heard her story, and then, calling on the
name of the Redeemer, attacked the monster and pinned him to the
earth. He asked the maiden for her girdle, and bound the dragon fast,
so that she led it to the city like a dog. When they reached the city
her deliverer slew the monster, and demanded for his reward that the
people should believe in his God, and should be baptized. So the king
and his people believed and were baptized—20,000 in one day! See
Mrs. Jameson's Sacred and Legendary Art, vol. II.
1. jEoIus, the son of Hippotes, and ruler of the winds.
2. The harbinger of day, the time for work.
3. Hie, Perseus.
4. Hermes had given him a curved sword or scimitar (1. 65), and the
nymphs, the winged sandals, and the helmet of Hades to
render him invisible, and a magic bag to carry the head of
Medusa.
VI.] NOTES—ANDROMEDA'S RELEASE. 99
7. Cephea, of Cepheus, a king of Ethiopia, husband of Cassiopeia,
and father of Andromeda.
8. Itatemae linguae. Cassiopeia had boasted that her beauty
exceeded that of the Nereids. Others say that it was of
Andromeda's beauty that she boasted (so Kingsley), but
matemae formae in 1. 25 seems inconsistent with this.
9. Immitis refers only to this oracle. The temple of Jupiter
Ammon was the chief oracular seat of Libya.
10. Simul = simulac.
11. Perseus was grandson of Acrisius, the son of Abas.
13. Ignes, the flame of love or desire.
14. Stupet, was dazzled, blinded. Correptus, fascinated.
20. Note the juxtaposition of viruna virgo. It was unseemly for a
maiden to address (appellare) a man.
22. Quod, antecedent ?
23. Sua, emphatic; he would think that the crime which she would
not confess was her own.
25. Materaae belongs in meaning to fiducia, but shows that it is
pride in her own and not in her daughter's beauty.
28. Inuninet, towers over. Fossidet, occupies.
30. Her boasting had been the cause of all the mischief.
33. You will have time enough to weep afterwards.
35. If I wooed her on my own merits, my claim would be irresistible ;
but now I propose only to claim a life which I shall have
saved. The contrast is between dotes and meritum.
36. Clausam, though in prison.
37. Anguicomae, with snaky locks.
42. Iiegem, the conditions.
43. Dotale, an anachronism ; in the heroic times the husband paid
the dower, as the price of his bride.
47. Balearica. The people of the Balearic Islands, now Majorca
and Minorca, were famous as slingers. Hannibal had 870
of the min his army.—LlVY, XXI. 21.
48. Plumbo. The missile used with the sling was a bullet of lead
about the size of a hen's egg. Caell, gen. after quantum.
52. Vacuo, open, without trees.
54. Occupat aversum, comes down upon him from behind. So
adversus is ' in front.'
56. Praeeeps is used almost as if it were a participle, ' darting down.'
Immisso, quickened. Cp. admisso. IV. 78.
57. Frementis, sc. ferae.
58. Inachides = Argive. Inachus was king of Argos.
59. Se is carried on to subdit and versat.
63. The sea-shells stuck to his hide, like barnacles to a ship.
67. Maduere graves. Cp. V. 63 ; the wet made them heavy.
68. He could not trust his wings, thus heavy with wet, and so sought
some standing-place.
70. Contrast betwee§ stantibus and moto, which is emphasized by
their position. How ?
The aequor motum is looked on as an agent.
too STORIES FROM OVID. [vil,
72. Exegit, drove through.
86. Virgas, here sea-plants.
82. The seaweed was not yet dry.
85. They notice the transformation, and try experiments. Whatever
Medusa's head was turned upon became stone. According
to another version of the story, Perseus turned it upon the
monster and petrified him.
87. Setnina iterant, i.e. procure new plants by sowing the seeds ;
or possibly iterant jactata forms one idea and = iterum
atque iterum jactant.
89. TTt capiant, &c., explains natora. What kind of sentence is it ?
The Romans knew only the red coral, which is abundant on
the borders and around the islands of the Mediterranean. Of
course the account of it given here is perfectly fanciful.
vn.
THE SPIDER'S WEB.
3. Iioco nee origine gentis, station or birth.
4. Colophonina. Colophon was one of the twelve Ionian cities in
Asia Minor, seven miles from Ephesus.
5. Phocaico. Phocaea was an important maritime city, the
northernmost of the Ionian cities. It was the mother-city
(/iriTpivoXis) of Marseilles. The murex, or purple fish, from
which the purple dye was obtained, was brought in by the
Phocaean fishermen. Bibulas, that drink in the dye.
8. Qnaesierat, had won.
9. Hypaepis, a town of Lydia, on the south slope of Mount Tmolus.
The Pactolus was a river of Lydia.
13. Note the position of solum. So graceful were her motions that
it was a pleasure to see her at work.
15. Budem, in its raw state.
Glomerabat, wound it into balls.
16. Repetitaque. And going over the fleeces again and again, by
repeated lengthening fined them down till they matched the
mist.
We should say, fine spun as gossamer. So Tennyson com¬
pares the fine threads of a waterfall to ' sheets of finest lawn.'
(Lotos-eaters.)
19. Pingebat acu, i.e. embroidered in various colours.
20. She was the highest teacher, and yet Arachne thought it an insult
to be called her pupil.
22. Simolat, takes the shape of.
Canos, understand captllos. In (not ad), to place on.
26. Ne sperne. In prohibitions the 2nd pers. imperative is only
used in poetry, the prose form is ne spreveris.
27. Join inter mortales maxima. Mortales, in contrast to deao.
30. Torvis, sc. oeulis.
♦;il.] iMOTES-THE SPIDER'S WEB. loi
32. Why obscuram?
34. Join nimium diu.
36. I am satisfied to be my own adviser. You need not think you
have gained anything by your advice: I am of the same
opinion still.
39. Venit, she is here; exhibult, disclosed.
43. Ut solet, &c., a beautiful description of an Italian sunrise. In
the twilight the distant hills stand out a dark purple; the sky
is grey, then it flushes with the palest gold, which turns to a
rosy hue (purpurens), till at last the sun puts forth his face,
and the whole east glows with white light.
45. Sous ab ortu, upon the sun's rising.
46. Stolidae, inverted epithet; the desire is foolish.
51. The two webs of alternate threads of the warp {stamina, because
the loom was upright) are attached to the frame of the loom,
and kept apart by the arundo, so that the shuttle (radius)
may pass between, and so convey the thread of the woof
(subtemen), which is then driven home by a toothed comb
(pecten). Then by means of a series of loops attached to their
ends, and fastened to two rods, the two sets of the alternate
threads of the warp are crossed, so as to wrap over the thread
of the woof. The shuttle is then passed back, and thus this
second thread of the woof passes over the set of warp threads,
which the first passed under, and under the alternate threads.
$5. Cinctae, middle; vestes, accusative.
57. Adnum, vat.
58. Tenues, &c., delicate shadings of colour.
59. Solibus, the sun's rays being reflected.
63. The two shades that touch seem identical; it is only by com¬
paring the extremes that you can see the difierence. The
truth of this is abundantly shown by the spectroscope. Each
line in the solar spectrum corresponds to a ray of a certain
refrangibility, and therefore of a different shade of colour,
and the dark lines alone that have been counted are more
than 3000, the dark lines simply representing the rays that
have been absorbed, and do not reach us.
64. Iientum, the flexile gold thread.
66. The high rock on Mars' Hill at Athens.
CccTopia, from Cecrops, the legendary first king of Attica.
The Areopagus (Mars' Hill) was west of the Acropolis. It
was accessible from the south side by a flight of steps cut in
the rock. It gave its- name to the celebrated council which
sat there, and before which this conflict took place.
67. When Athens was built, Pallas and Neptune contended which of
them should give a name to the city. It was agreed that
whichever should produce the most useful gift to the human
race should be adjudged the victor. Neptune created the
horse, Pallas the olive, the symbol of peace. The latter
obtained Uie prize. Hence, according to the common legend,
the name ASijoai from' Affiji/o. But the derivation will not hold.
102
STORIES FROM OVID.
[VIII.
68. . Medio Jove, abl. abs. with Jove in the midst.
70. Just as the saints in mediaeval paintings are distinguished by
conventional types or emblems: St. Peter, for instance, by
the keys, St. Paul by the sword, St. Mary Magdalene by her
box of ointment; so here you might recognise each god by
his conventional figure : Jove by his kingly insignia, Neptune
by his trident, Pallas by her aegis.
71. Stare facit, represents as standing.
72. Note the metaphor in vulnere : ' the chasm in the rock.'
74. As Pallas was represented in the famous colossal statue that
stood on the Acropolis at Athens.
75. Aegide, the breastplate in which was set the Gorgon's head.
76. De sometimes denotes cause—so XIII. 49, ' passu do vulnere
tardo.'
77. Canentis, from the white silvery shimmer of the under side of
the olive leaf.
78. Operi victoria finis. The rim of olive leaves that completes
the work is the symbol that she was victorious.
81. Maeonis, the Lydian.
Europa was carried off by Jupiter in the shape of a bull. Ovid
gives a very beautiful picture of this in these three lines.
86. Xiimbo, fringe or border.
87. Intertextos. This is called a spondaic ending. When there is
a spondee in the fifth place, the fourth must have a dactyl.
But the usage is rare.
88. Non-liivor. Not envy itself.
89. Flava, golden-haired. Pallas is called virago from her mascu¬
line appearance.
90. Caelestia crimlna, their excellence was a slur upon the goddess.
91. Cytoriaco, from Cytorus, a mountain in Paphlagonia, where
boxwood grows : so=of boxwood.
93. Animosa, high-spirited, independent, she could not bear such
a slight.
96. Puturi. Cp. III. 50, interrita leti. The genitive defines the
word on which it depends.
98. Hecate, the goddess of gloom and of dismal enchantments.
Cp. Shakespeare's Macbeth, Act III. Sc. 5.
99. Tristi medicamine, with baleful drug.
VIII.
LATONA'S REVENGE.
The story in its earliest form is found in Homer, Iliad, XXIV. 602—
617. {^Achilles is persuading Priam to take food after Hector's funeral,)
Not fair-hair'd Niobe abstained from food
When in the house her children lay in death,
Six beauteous daughters and six stalwart sons.
The youths Apollo with his silver bow,
The maids the Archer-Queen, Diana, slew.
VIII.] notes—latona's revenge. 103
With anger fiU'd that Niobe presumed
Herself with fair Latona to compare,
Her many children with her rival's two f
Lo, by the two were all the many slain.
^iiie days in death they lay ; and none was there
To pay their funeral rites; for Saturn's son
Had given to all the people hearts of stone.
At length the immortal gods entomb'd the dead.
Nor yet did Niobe, when now her grief
Had worn itself in tears, from food refrain.
And now in Sipylus, amid the rocks,
And onely mountains, where the goddess nymphs
That love to dance by Achelous stream,
'Tis S2ud, were cradled, she, though turn'd to stone,
Broods o'er the wrongs inflicted by the gods !
Lord Drrbv^s Translation.
1. Illam, Arachne, whose story immediately precedes.
2. Niobe was daughter of Tantalus, king of Lydia and Phrygia,
aijd was married to Amphion, king of Thebes.
Maeonia is an old name for Lydia; Sipylus a mountain in
it.
3- Popularis, her countrywoman.
4. Cedere, a poetical construction. Cp. L. Gr. p. 170, I. 2 r (2).
5. She had many things to make her proud, but the one thing of
which she boasted was her children. Sedenim, but £dter
all. Cp. IV. 76.
Coniugis artes, &c. Amphion was a famous singer and
harper, who is said to have built the walls of Thebes by his
minstrelsy, 1. 31. Genus amborum, he, as well as his
wife's father, was a son of Jupiter.
10. Manto, a Theban prophetess.
12. Ismenides. Theban women, from the river Ismenus, near
Thebes.
14. Iiauro, as sacred to Apollo, Latona's son.
19. Vestibus follows intexto: by the gold inwoven in her Phrygian
dress.
20. Formosa (forma), shapely. Ill-temper spoils beauty.
25. Cp. I. 63. The asyndeton here is very effective.
25. Tantalus was admitted to the society and the table of the gods,
and in his pride could not help talking of what he had heard
there. He was punished in the lower regions by having food
and water within sight, but always eluding his grasp. From
this story we get our word ' tantalize,' to holdbut expectations
which are never to be gratified. He is said to have been
buried under Mount Sipylus.
27. Fleiadum soror, Dione, one of the Hyades, daughters of Atlas.
30. Join sub me domina: it had me for its mistress.
35. Homer has six sons and six daughters.
37. These imperatives are ironical: Examine, and then dare if you
can. ...
38. Nescio quo is treated as one word, which accounts for the
position of que. Coeus was one of the Titans.
40. Note the coi^ast, maxima—eziguam.
I04 STORIES FROM OVID. [vill.
43. According to the legend Delos was a floating island, which
became stationary as a reward for sheltering Latona.
45. Uteri, i.e. offspring.
50. Metum. Cp. V. 6, are beyond the reach of fear.
51. Her family is a 'people' compared with Latona's 'rabble';
Latona is as good as childless.
54. CapilUs, abl. from. . . .
56. Fear of their queen makes them desist, fear of the gods makes
them try to secure themselves by silent prayer.
57. Oynthi, a mountain in Delos. Hence the names Cynthius and
Cynthia applied to Apollo and Diana.
59. Animosa, proud in a good sense.
. 61. Gen. in prose, de me dubitatur.
66. Ziinguam patemam, the garrulity of her father, Tantalus.
70. Join tecti nubibus. The citadel of Thebes was called Cadmea.
73. Mollierat, had broken up.
75. In equos. An anachronism; chariot-driving was the exercise
of that time. The trappings were of purple, the harness
mounted with gold.
82. He hears Apollo's quiver in the air, but does not see it.
84. Unfurls the sails so as to avail himself of the least breeze.
85. Qua, by any means.
87. Cervix is the back, guttur the front of the neck.
89. Ut erat pronus, riding fast he was leaning forward, and so fell
over his horse's mane. His hold on the rein slackened, and
so the horse bolted (admissa; equum admittere, or immittere
habenas = to give a horse the rein).
93. Transierant, had passed on (for change).
ITitidae, because it was usual to rub the body over with oil, to
make the grip more difficult.
94. They had closed breast to breast, wrestling in tight grip.
96. Sicut, &c. Just as they were, clasped together.
99. Ezhalarunt. Cp. VH. 65, and note.
100. Iianlata, prolepsis, till it was torn.
102. Pro ofllcio, the duteous employment; pius, of affection to parents
or brothers.
106. lutonsum. The Greek youths wore their hair long till they
came to man's estate.
Join non simplex, more than one.
108. The muscles of the knee make a soft joint. Internodium is
that which connects the joints.
III. And spurting forth spouts aloft, and bounds afar, piercing the
air.
115. Ignarus = a word of knowing or the opposite, and so takes
inf. and accus.
Hon omnes, but only Apollo and Diana.
117. Tamen. It was too late to stay the shot, but the rising pity
lessened its force. In one version of the story, one of the
brothers and one of the sisters are spared.
121. What is the subject to potuisso?
IX.] NOTES—PROSERPINE. 105
127. Besupina, with her head haughtily thrown back.
131. Iiiventia, as a consequence of the planctus at this bad news.
134. Each of these seven deaths is a death to me.
135. Efferor, 1 am borne out to burial.
138. Arou, sc. Dianae. .See the quotation from Homer.
141. Demisso crine, as a sign of mourning.
143. Swooned in death, or sank back in death, as she stooped to kiss
her brother.
145. Caeco, from an unknown source. DupUcata, bent double.
147. Trepidare, opp. to latet, rushes about in fear.
150. She is thus represented in the famous group.
162. Montis. Sipylus, where there was a rough hewn-image of a
mourning woman three times the size of life, hewn out of the
rock.
The figure still exists, but is believed to be a figure of
Cybele, the mother of the gods. There is a description of it
in the Academy for August 28, 1880.
163. liiqnitur, is in tears. Possibly the rain, draining from the
neighbouring hillside, trickled over the figure. Cp. Hamlet's
'like Niobe, all tears.'
ix.
PROSERPINE.
The worship of Demeter, with whom the Romans identified the Italian
goddess Ceres, was common to all parts of Greece, where agriculture
at all flourished, but it had especial currency where the land was very
rich and fertile. Hence Sicily, which was afterwards called the
granary of Italy, was in a peculiar sense the home of Demeter-worship.
There were in the island two great centres of this worship. Henna
towards the middle of the island, and Catana on its eastern shore. It
was from the former of these, which also claims to be the scene of the
leading incident in this story, that the worship was introduced into Rome.
The meaning of the story seems plain. It has been called ' The
Myth of the Buried Seed-corn.' The earth swallows up the grain
which must remain in the ground through the winter before the golden
harvest can again gladden the goddess's eyes.
1. Hennaeis. Henna was called the middle of Sicily (6;u0aX6s
ZiKcXioj). It was on the road from Catana to Agrigentum,
and in the middle of an extensive corn-growing district.
2. Caystros, a river of Lydia.
5. Velo, the awning which was spread over the heads of the spec¬
tators in a theatre to protect them from sun and rain.
6. Tyrios, i.e. purple.
9. Puellari studio, in girlish delight.
tl. Note how the quick rhythm of the verse indicates the rapidity
of the action.
15. Bemissls. Slie rent her clothes in sign of despair, and so the
lappets of her tunic dropped.
io6 STOHJES FROM OVID. [ix.
16. Simplicitas, artlessness.
17. Cf. III. 14, and note.
20. Obscura ferrugine, all that belongs to the infernal regions is
of a dusky hue.
22 Stagna Palicorum, two volcanic lakes, about fifteen miles west
of Leontini. They were sacred to local deities, called Palici.
The pools sent up sulphurous vapours and naphtha. There is
now but one pool, called Logo di Naftia.
23. Bacchiadae, at one time the ruling family of Corinth, under
whom a colony was sent to Sicily, and founded Syracuse,
with two harbours, a lesser and a greater, separated by the
island of Ortygia.
Bimaris, between two seas, the Corinthian and the Saronic Gulfs.
25. Cyanes, genitive of relative position; in the middle as regards
Cyane, &c., so between. So Caesar, B. G. I. 34, ' aliquem
locum medium utriusque.' Similarly /K^tror in Greek has a
genitive. Pisaeae. It was believed that there was an
undeiground communication between the Peloponnese and
Sicily, and that the waters of the fountain of Arethusa, on
the peninsula of Ortygia, came from near Pisa in Elis.
Note the hiatus in Pisaeae, which is tmusual on the
syllable that bears the beat of the metre.-
26. Aequor, the great harbour of Syracuse. Cyane is on the western
side of the harbour, and Arethusa on the eastern.
30. Neo, the conjunction belongs to Inquit.
31. You cannot force yourself as a son-in-law on Ceres.
32. Subject to fait?
Quod, the use of the neuter relative in phrases like this is due
to the constant habit of linking sentences by qui,
33. Anapus, a streamlet by Syracuse, whose waters mingle with
those of Cyane close to the sea.
38. Contortum, flung.
39. Condidit, buried.
41. The nymph pines away, and is absorbed in the stream itself.
44. Numen, complement.
47. Quisgue is frequently joined to superlatives, in the sense of all:
e.g., optimus quisque, all the good men.
56. Illam=Cererem. TIdis, as rising from the sea, or because of
the morning dew. ^
59. Prtiinosas tenebras, the cold dews of darkness.
60. Hebetarat, had dimmed.
62. Collegerat expresses a growing feeling: so odium colligere, to
get more and more hated : rabiem colligere, to grow mad.
66. Bulce, a sweet drink. The polenta was parched, and sprinkled
over the surface.
69. Parte, half.
70. Join polenta (abl.) mixta cum llguido.
71. What just now he wore as arms, he now wears as legs.
74. Parva lacerta, than that of a small lizard.
76. Petit forpeliit.
NOTES—riiOSERPlNE.
77. ITomen, stellio, a kind of lizard.
79. Like Alexander, she wanted another world to search over.
87. DenlQue. She had not realized it before.
89. Bepetita. Cp. VI. 72.
96. As a banker may deny having received that which is intrusted
to his keeping.
Vltiataque semina fecit, and made the seeds rotten.
97. Sicily was one of the great storehouses of corn for Rome.
98. Balsa jacet, is belied and fallen. Frimls in herbis, in the
first blade.
10a By a common licence, que is lengthened because the beat of the
foot falls upon it.
102. The farmer wages war against weeds.
103. Alpheias. According to the legend, the river god Alpheus,
whose waters flow through Arcadia and Elis, pursued the
nymph Arethusa. At her prayer Diana changed her into a
spring; she dashed into the sea, and flowed through the earth
beneath it, till she came up again in Ortygia. But Alpheus
followed her even into the sea, and united himself to her.
Cp. Shelley's poem, Arethusa.
108. Batuit, etc. And has unwillingly been the scene of abduction.
109. And therefore I am not partial.
112. Hoc, i.e. solum.
117. Melioris, more cheerful.
119. Besueta, long lost.
124. Hatrona, opp. topuella, the lawful wife.
126. See IV. 81.
127. Amentia, stupor.
128. Toto nubila vultu, her whole face clouded.
131. The insult is done to you, not to me only.
139. Excepit, took up the words, i.e. at once replied, or even inter¬
rupted her.
143. Mode = dummodo. Ut concessive.
145. Sorte. Jupiter obtained by lot (sortitus) at his father's death
the government of the upper world, Pluto of the lower.
148. Cautum est, it is provided.
151. Simplex, carelessly.
152. Foeniceum, the pomegranate, from the blood-red colour of its
flesh.
The pomegranate, from the number of its seeds, was a
symbol of plenty and fruitfulness (in Herodotus, IV. 143,
Artabanus asks Darius what he would like to have as many
of as there are seeds in a pomegranate), and it seems to have
been also a symbol of marriage, so that this means that
Persephone was already married to Pluto. (Preller,
Griechische Mythologie, I. 628.)
155. Orphne = the gloaming. Ascalaphns = an owl, in Greek.
159. So in another place profanus bubo. Met. VI. 431.
160. Avem, horned owl.
162. See 1. 2S, and note.
lo8 STOHJES FROM OVID. [x.
164. Begnomm, the upper and the nether world. _
167. Even Dis, accustomed to all that is gloomy, might think her sad.
x.
THE CYCLOPS.
I. Symaethide, daughter of Syinaethus, a river in Sicily at the foot
of Mount Etna.
3. Me. The speaker is Galatea, one of the Nereids.
5. Dubia lantigine, the down upon his face was hardly visible.
7. See II. 16, and note.
8. Fraesentior, more prominent.
10. Nempe, in proof of it.
Ipsis horrendus sUvis, whom the veiy woods abhor.
12. Join Olympi cum dis, Olympus and its gods.
16. Bastris, falces, aqua, a comb is far too small for such a
monster: a razor too fine for his beard: no mirror large
enough for his face.
19. For the way in which he treated strangers, see Hom er, Odyssey, IX.
20. Join tutae to veniunt abeuntque: we should use an adverb.
22. Telemus was an augur.
27. Xiitora, he rambles on the shore, on the chance of seeing his love,
who is a nymph of the sea.
29. Cuneatus, w^gehke with a long point
31. Medlus, between the two arms of the sea, so as to command
them both.
34. Big enough for a sail-yard.
35. Join atmndinibus centum compacta.
39. Meute, memory.
These lines have suggested the famous song—
O ruddier than the cherry I
O sweeter than the berry!
O nymph mote bright
Tham moonshine night,
Like kidlings, blithe and merry.
Ripe as the melting cluster,
No lily has such lustre.
Yet hard to tame
As raging flame,
And fierce as storms that bluster.
42. Iiascivus is used without any bad meaning : sportive, frolicsome.
43. Smoother than shells worn by the recurring tide. The compari¬
sons are all taken from his common life.
45. Forda, a milch-cow.
49. Badem, at the same time.
51. Lentior, i.e. more hard to break.
57. Order: fugacior non tantum cervo. &c.
69. Describes the delicate bloom upon them.
75, Counting implies a small number: mine are innumerable.
XT.] NOTES—THE WOOING OF DEIANIRA. 109
76. No need to take it on trust; you may have the evidence of your
own eyes. .
79. Far aetas, i.e. also fetura minor.
81. The rennet was steeped in water, and the water put to the milk,
so as to curdle it for making cheese.
84. Cacumine, tree-top.
91. Imagine, reflection.
98. What does turpe agree with ?
99. Velent, general, any one in whom.
104. Genitor, Neptune.
112. If he would only be content to please himself, without wanting
to please you.
113. Modo copia detur, only let me get a chance!
114. Tanto pro corpore, corresponding to my great bulk.
118. Cumque suis, &c. Etna and all its strength. The workshop
of Vulcan and all his brother-Cyclopes was under Etna.
131. Vestris, i.e. of the sea.
134. Angulus is, i.e. the pars e monte revulsa,
135. What is the subject to lioebat? Fer fata, as far as the fates
allowed.
139. Join turbata imbre.
144. River gods were represented with horns, and with their heads
crowned with sedge and reed.
xr.
THE WOOING OF DEIANIRA,
This story forms part of the Hercules legend, which was so widely
spread, not only in Greece but in Assyria and Phoenicia and Egypt, as
to give the impression of a still earlier origin. ' Some of his epithets
are sufiicient to indicate his solar character, though, perhaps, no name
has been made the vehicle of so many mythological and historical,
physical and moral stories, as that of Herakles.' (Max MtJLLER,
Comparative Mythology.)
Achelous was a river in Aetolia, and the district that it watered was
very fertile, as is indicated in the story by one of his horns being the
horn of plenty. Most of the rivers in a mountainous country like
Greece are torrent-like, and at some seasons of the year rush down with
great violence, which is typified by the horns with which the river-gods
are depicted. In the struggle with Hercules, Achelous' horn is broken,
indicating that this violence is restrained, either by embanking, or by
diverting its course, whereby the land was made more productive.
1. Neptunius heros. Theseus.
2. Calydooius amnis, the Achelous, in Aetolia.
3. See X. 144, and note. There was an especial reason for it here.
See Xtl. 3.
7. Tantus victor, the greatness of my conqueror. Cp. VII. 20.
8. Slqua, tandem%re both depreciatory, as if the prize after all was
of but little worth.
110
STORIES FROM OVID.
[XI.
10. Spes invidiosa, the jealous hope.
12. Parthaone nate, Oeneus, kingof Calydon.
15. Superata, performed, lit. overcome.
Novercae, Juno, who had persecuted him all his life. See
XII. 71, and following.
16. Mortal!. Hercules was the son of a mortal mother, and so
mortal: he was not deified till after his death.
17. Begem, as the largest river of the district.
19. Hospes, foreign alliances were looked down upon. See XVI. 21.
22. Poena, the labours of Hercules were inflicted because in a fit of
madness caused by Juno, he had slain his own children.
24. Either your boasted parentage is false, or if true your father has
shamefully deserted you.
26. Spectat, sc. Hercules. Portlter, as a brave man should.
27. Tot, just so many, i.e. so few.
30. Viridem, as a water-god.
31. Varas manus, my fists.
32. Pugnae, the dative often expresses the object in view, which as
it were receives, or is advantaged by, the effect of the action.
Cp. XH. 38, 76.
33. Before a wrestling match, the combatants, rubbed over tiieir
bodies with oil. It was therefore a great thing to cover your
adversary as far as possible with dust, so as to get a firmer
hold upon him, that he might not slip away fi-om your grip.
Micantia, nimble, quickly moving. Cp. III. 87, and Gray,
Progress of Poesy, I. 3.
To brisk notes in cadence beating
Glance their saany-twinkling feet.
38. Moles, a breakwater, whence our ' mole.'
42. Pronus, reacjiing forward.
47. Begni, the victor would be monarch of the herd.
50. Adducta, drawn close. By a clever thrust Hercules turned him
round, and clasped him from behind. ■ Achelous, by inserting
his arms between his chest and the arms of Hercules, managed
to loosen his grip, but before he could recover breath Hercules
was on him again.
53. Siqua fides, it looks like exaggeration, but it is not.
54. Imposito, &c. I seemed to be crushed by a mountain's weight.
58. PotitTir, gets hold of.
62. Postquam generally takes the perfect indicative, where we should
use the pluperfect.
65. Hercules' first feat was to strangle two serpents in his cradle.
67. Emphasis on unus. The Hydra had one hundred heads, and no
sooner was one cut off than two others grew up in its place.
Hercules took a red-hot iron and seared the wound imme¬
diately, so as to stop the new growth, and so in the end over¬
came the monster.
72. Crescentum malo, because the loss of one head involved the
growth of two in its place.
XII.] NOTES—THE DEATll OF HERCULES. j 11
74. Anna aliena, lie was not used to them.
Frecaria, held only on sufferance.
77- Pollicibus, he was obliged to resume the human form.
80. Toris, the dewlap, which Hercules wrapped round his arms, and
tugging at it as Achelous rushed forward, pulled down his
head, so as to bury his horns in the ground.
87. Succmota, the tunic was very long, and had to be girt up for any
active exercise. Diana as a huntress is always represented
with tunic girt up as high as the knee.
Cp. Milton, Paradise Regained, Bk. II. 356 :
Nymphs of Diana's train and Naiades,
Wth fruits and 6owers from Amalthea s horn.
89. Comu, not that of Achelous, but equally the symbol of plenty.
90. Mensas secundas. See II. 51.
92. luvenes.. Theseus, Lelex, Pirithous.
93. Coma, ablative.
xii.
THE DEATH OF HERCULES.
I cannot do better than again to quote Mr. Max MOller, Comparative
Mythology, in Chips from a German Workshop, II. 89. ' Now, in his
last journey, Herakles also proceeds from East to West. He is per¬
forming his sacrifice to Zeus, on the Kenaeon promontory of Euboea,
when Ddaneira sends him the fatal garment. He then throws Lichas
into the sea, who is transformed into the Lichadian islands. From
thence Herakles crosses over to Trachis, and then to Mount CEta,
where his pile is raised, and the hero is burnt, rising through the clouds
to the seat of the immortal gods—himself henceforth immortal, and
wedded to Hebe, the goddess of youth. The coat which Deianeira
sends to the solar hero is an expression frequently used in other mytho¬
logies ; it is the coat which in the Veda, " the mothers weave for their
bright son"—the clouds which rise from the waters and surround the
sun like a dark raiment. Herakles tries to tear it off; his fierce
splendour breaks through the thickening gloom, but fiery mists embrace
him, and are mingled with the parting rays of the sun, and the dying
hero is seen through the scattered clouds of the sky, tearing his own
body to pieces, till at last his bright form is consumed in a general
conflagration, his last beloved being lole—perhaps the violet-coloured
evening clouds—a word which, as it reminds us also of lbs, poison
(though the t is long), may perhaps have originated the myth of the
poisoned garment.'
1. Decoris, sc. his horn. This story is the direct sequel to the last.
2. Construction of sospes?
4. Cp. IV. 37, and note. Virginls. The word virgo is very rarely
applied to married women. It was as a maiden that Achelous
had fallen inwove with her.
112
STOHIES FEOM OVID.
[Xll.
6. Fatrios. Tiryns in Argolis, so Tirynthius, XI. 64. He was
bom at Thebes in Boeotia.
7. Xiueni, a river in Aetolia, near Calydon.
10. Intrepidum. He, Hercules, needed no help and had no fear.
13. Wando, what case?
14. Ipsum, i.e. Nessus.
16. TJt erat, just as he was, thus burdened.
Spolio leonis, the skin of the Nemean lion, which Hercules
always wore.
20. He scorns to let himself be carried down by yielding to the
current.
23. Fallere depositum, to be untrue to his tmst.
31. liernaei, thus Hercules himself poisoned the robe which caused
his death.
32. Hunc, sc. sanguinem.
34. Velut irritamen amoris. As a love charm.
35. lAedii, intervening.
37. Join Victor ab Oechalia, returning victorious from Oechalia.
Cenaeo lovi. His temple was on Cenaeum (now Kanaia), the
N. W. promontory of Euboea, opposite Thermopylae.
41. Amphitryoniaden. Amphitryon was the husband of Alcmena,
and the reputed father of Hercules,
lole was daughter to Eurytus, the king of Oechalia. There are
several towns of this name. This was probably the one in
"Thessaly, in the district of Trachis.
48. Calydona, her old home in Aetolia.
49. Shall I oppose her admission, if I do nothing else?—a hint at the
possibility of putting her rival out of the way.
52. Beddat, out of sequence to render the purpose present in her
mind more vivid.
53. Iiuctos suos, what was to bring mourning to herself.
59. Incaluit, the warmth of the body brought it out.
63. Oeta is in Trachis, the temple of Cenaean Jove (37) is in Euboea.
According to the common legend, Hercules in his agony
hurries across from Euboea to Trachis, where his wife was,
and then is burnt on Mount Oeta. Ovid, however, has
omitted this to suit the form of his story.
76. See XI. 32, note.
78. Brgo. Was it really I who...? When I consider the present dis¬
grace, it seems after all incredible. The conquests of Busiris
and Antaeus do not belong to the famous twelve labours.
79. Busiris was a king of Egypt who used to sacrifice all strangers.
Hercules was bound by him for sacrifice, but burst his bonds,
and slew the king.
AUmenta. Milton, Paradise Regained, IV. 563—568 :
As when Earth's son, Antaeus, (to compare
Small things with greatest,) in Irassa strove
With Jove's Alcides, and, oft foiled, still rose,
Keceiving from his mother earth new strength.
Fresh from his fall, and fiercer grapple joined.
Throttled at length in the air expired and fell.
NOTES— THE DEA TH OF HERCULES. 113
Geryo^ a monster with three heads, or, according to others, three
bodies, who lived in the island of Erythia, possibly Cadiz, 01
one of the Balearic islands, in the distant west. It was one
of Hercules' labours, imposed by Eurystheus, to bring the
oxen of Geryon to him. It is on his return from this ex¬
pedition that he was said to have passed through Italy, when
Cacus stole his cattle. See the Story of Leander {' Stories
from Ovid, ' in Elegiac Verse, No. XV.), and from his passage
the Straits of Gibraltar were known as the * Pillars of
Hercules.' This seems to be plainly a solar legend. Erythia
(red) is the sunset land. Preller considers it to denote that
the sun brings back the days from the darkness and cold of
the stormy winter.
The capture of the Cretan bull.
The cleansing of the stables of Augeas, king of Elis. The Stym-
phalian lake in Arcadia produced strange birds, with claws
and beaks of brass, who could shoot out their feathers like
arrows. Hercules shot them all.
Farthenitim nemus, on the borders of Arcadia and Argolis,
where was the sacred doe of Diana, which Hercules lamed
and took.
Balteiis, the belt of Hippolyte, queen of the Amazons, who lived
by the river Thermodon, in Cappadocia.
Foma, the golden apples from the gardens of the Hesperides,
guarded by a griiSn.
But Beauty, like the fair Hesperian tree
Laden with blooming gold, had need the guard
Of dragon-watch with unenchanted eye
To save her blossoms and defend her fruit.—Milton, ComuSy 393.
This story, too, reminds us of the sun sinking in the west,
and returning with golden light in his hands at his next
rising.
Centauri. As Hercules was going against the Erymanthian
boar he passed by Pholoe on the frontier of Elis. There
dwelt a Centaur named Pholus, with whom Hercules stayed.
Pholus brought out for his guest some wine which Dionysus
had given to the Centaurs for their common use. The other
Centaurs in the neighbourhood smelt the odour of the wine,
and came in fury, bursting into Pholus' cave. Hercules, after
a long struggle, vanquished them, but Pholus was accidentally
killed by an arrow that he was examining falling on his foot.
Arcadiae vastator. Preller considers that this means the river
Erymanthus itself, which, like the Achelous, used to come
down as a torrent and lay waste the Arcadian plain.
Hydrae, the water snake of Lema. Lerna was a marshy swamp
in Argolis, so that here, too, we may see the sun-hero as
healer and purifier, burning, or drying up in the summer the
foul miasma#of the marsh, which were so rank after the wet
season. Cp. XI. 67.
I
SrORJES FROM OVID.
[xitl.
90. THracis. The Thracian king, Diomedes.
93. Moles Nemeaea, the huge Nemean lion. The valley ol'Nemea,
between Cleonae and Phlius, in Argolis, was infested by a
monster lion, described as the offspring of Typhon and
Echidna. Eurystheus ordered Hercules to bring it to him;
but Hercules could make no impression on it with either
arrow or club, and at last closed with it and throttled it.
94. While Atlas, father of the Hesperides, fetched the golden apples,
Hercules held the heavens on his shoulders.
95. Saeva. Juno had been his persecutor all his life.
99. While I am suffering, Eurystheus, the instrument of her revenge,
is prospering.
102. Faotique refogerit auctor, and the prompter of the deed has
- escaped.
107. Rupe cavata, in the hollow of a cliff.
108. CoUegerat, see IX. 62, note.
109. Tune, contemptuously, you of all people, a fellow like you.
112. Genibus, to clasp his master's knees as a suppliant.
117. Nivibus, &c., by the gentle rotation of the snow the body
hardens, and balls itself in the shape of thick hail. What
error is there in this account of the formation of hail ?
124. Which sailors fear to tread upon, as if it were capable of feeling.
126; Gesserat, as a garment.
128. Troy could only be subdued by the arrows of Hercules.
Philoctetes, their owner, had been left on the outward journey
at Leranos, but was sent for by the Greeks in their extremity.
This story is the subject of the ' Philoctetes' of Sophocles.
Iterum. They had seen it before when Hercules conquered
Troy under Laomedon.
xni.
ORPHEUS AND EURYDICE.
The first thing that strikes us in this story is the power of music. As
Apollo the sun-god is also the god of the lyre, so Sanskrit analogies
point to the hero of the lyre being a sun-hero. The summer-time is
past, and the sun-god penetrates even into the realms of Hades and
darkness, and all but succeeds in bringing it back in the late days of
autumn, which we call the Martinmas summer. But it fades away
again, and soon the hero is attacked and torn to pieces by the storms
of winter, raging like the Maenads against him. (No. XIV.) (Preller.)
1. Inde, from Crete, where he (Hymenaeus) had been at a festival.
CroceO, a festive colour, specially associated with wedding
garments.
2. Ciconvun, a Thracian tribe on the banks of the Hebrus (Mod.
Maritza).
3. Nequiquam, because of the shadow of coming disaster that was
upon him.
XIII.] NOTES-ORPHEUS AND EURYDICE. 115
4. Qtiidem, it is true. SoUemnia verba, the wonted words of
good luck.
6. Iiacrimoso, &c., sputtering with smoke that made the eyes
water.
7. However the torch might be waved about, it would not burn
brightly. This gave omen of an unhappy ending to the
match, but the actual end was more unhappy even than this
betokened.
11. Bhodopeius, Thracian, from Rhodope, a mountain in Thrace.
It was sacred to Dionysos.
12. Cp. XI. 62, note.
13. Virml's Taenarias fauas. On the promontory of Taenarus, in
Laconia, it was said there was an entrance to the lower
world.
14. Iieves, as being sine corpore. Shadowy folk, and ghosts that had
passed the tomb.
18. To which all we that are of mortal birth must come.
22. I am not come to rob you, like Hercules.
Mednsaei monstri. Cerberus had his head, like Medusa's,
wreathed in snakes.
25. I wished to be able to bear my loss, nor will I deny having made
the effort, but love was too strong.
•tS. Bapinae, alluding to the carrying off of Proserpine. See IX.
29. Join per haec loca.
31. Weave over again the too hasty destinies of Eurydice.
Betezite, with a reference to the spinning of the Fates.
F'ila tenet Lachesis, Clotho net, et Atropos occat.
32. So Horace, A. P. 63, Debemur morti nos, nostraque.
But soon or late
They yield to fate.—Shirley.
37. It is only a respite; she will be yours in the end. Ustuu, a law
term = our life-interest. A person who has the usus of
property enjoys the income derived from it, but cannot
alienate the property itself.
•2S. Oh take the husband or restore the wife.
Pope, Ode on St, Cecilia*s Day.
40. Thy stone, O Sisyphus, stands still,
Ixion rests upon his wheel,
And the pale spectres dance.
The Furies sink upon their iron beds.
And snakes uncurled hang listening round their heads.—-Pope.
41. Tantalus, as a punishment for betraying the secrets of the gods,
was put up to his middle in water, with rich fruits hanging
Ii6 STORIES FROM OVID. [xiv.
over Ms head, but the water fled from his mouth, and the
fruits shrank back from his grasp. Hence our word, to
'tantalize.'
Of itself the water flies
The taste of living wight, as once it fled
The lip of Tantalus Milton, Paradise Lost, II. 614.
42. Ixion, for an insult to Juno, was fastened to a wheel, and became
an example of perpettml motion.
43. lecur of Tityos, a giant, who for an insult to Latona_' lay brood¬
ing many a rood' with two vultures preying on his vitals.
44. Belides, daughters of Danaus, who married and treacherously
slew their cousins, the sons of Aegyptus, and were condemned
to pour water into an urn without a bottom till it should be
full. So Danaidum labor is a proverb for lost labour.
Sisyphus, son of Aeolus, was a noted brigand condemned for
ever to roll a stone up a hill. As soon as the stone reached
the top it rolled back again into the plain.
46. Begia conlunx.
Such notes as warbled to the string
Drew iron tears down Pluto's cheek.
And made hell grant what love did seek.—Milton, II Penseroso.
51—52. Note the two clauses, the one a command, the other a state¬
ment ; and so in accus. and infin.
55. In quadrisyllabic words the penultima of the 3rd plural perfect
indicative is occasionally shortened in poetry.
56. Defloeret, i.e. Eurydice.
59. Arripit, Orpheus. »
60. Join iterum moriens. She could not complain of what love had
prompted.
No crime is thine, if 'tis no crime to love.—^Pope.
62. Supremum. Vale is a noun-term, and so neuter.
xiv.
THE DEATH OF ORPHEUS.
I. Cp. the song in Shakespeare, Henry VIII., Act III., Scene i;
Orpheus with his lute made trees.
And the mountain tops that freeze.
Bow themselves when he did sing;
To his music plants and flowers
Ever sprung, as sun and showers
There had made a lasting spring.
Every thin^ that heard him play.
Even the billows of the sea.
Hung their heads and then lay by
In sweet music is such art.
Killing care and nief of heart
Fall asleep or, hearing, die.
XIV.] NOTES—THE DEATH OF ORPHEUS. 117
2. Seau«iitia, prolepsis. V. 63.
3. frenzied ; they had been engaged in Bacchic rites. -
4. ApoUinei. Orpheus was the son of Apollo and the muse
Calliope.
9. Foliis, the thyrsus was wreathed with ivy and vine-leaves.
12. And, as if praying pardon for such mad daring, fell prostrate at
her feet. But in vain, for
Supplez^v^nfazn orans.
14. Abiit, the short syllable lengthened in arsi.
15. The sentence begins as a conditional, the protasis (with nisi) being
supplied by an adversative clause.
16. Berecyntia, as used in the worship of Cybele ; infiracto cor-
nu, ablative of qualification. Cp. Milton, Paradise Lost,
VII. 32 :
But drive far off the barbarous dissonance
Of Bacchus and bis revellers, the race
Of that wild rout that tore the Thracian bard
In Rbodope, where woods and rocks bad ears
To rapture, till the savage clamour drowned
Both heart and voice.
17. Baochei. See IX. 25.
18. Turn denique. It was only when his voice was drowned that
they would consent to such sacrilege.
20. And first they tore in pieces the countless birds that were still
under the charm of the singer's voice, and the snakes, and
the long train of wild beasts, the glory of Orpheus' triumph.
Titulum, because they followed m his train, like the long
array of captives that accompanied a triumphant Roman
general up to the Capitol, indicating the title or claim under
which he triumphed.
23. Cruentatis, made bloody by this slaughter.
25. Structum utrimque theatrum = AiKpiBiaTpov. The theatre
was half the ellipse.
26. Matutina, the baiting of animals commenced the games in the
amphitheatre: the baiting of men followed.
33. Iiaoertosi, muscular, strong.
35. Arma, tools.
39. lUo tempore, then for the first time speaking in vain. Such had
been the potency of his voice.
41. Sacrilegae, the bard was under the special protection of the gods.
44* Cp. Thee, Shepherd, thee the woods, and desert caves
With wild thyme and the gadding vine o'ergrown.
And all their echoes mourn.
The willows, and the hazel copses green,
Shall now no more be seen
Fanning their joyous leaves to thy soft lays.
Milton, Lycidas, 39.
47. Tonsa comam, one of the regular signs of mourning.
48. Obstrusa, lined. •Carbasa, used of the light dress of the nymphs.
FuUo is used as a noun.
Il8 STORIES FROM OVID.
54. Poptilare, see VIII. 3.
58. Tandem, as if he ought to have succoured his son earlier.
65. There is no lex now that he must go first and not look behind,
68. Sacrorom vate. Orpheus had introduced the Bacchic rites into
Thrace.
71. In duanttim, &c., as far as they had severally followed Orpheus.
75. Beats its wings, and by all its struggling only tightens the cord.
80. Succedere, to take the place of. The change begins with the
roots.
XV.
MIDAS.
1. Hoe, see XIV. This punishment of the Thracians.
2. Meliore, as compared with the Thracians.
3. Quamvis is used with the indicative by the poets.
9. Cp. XIV. 68 and note. Eumolpos, the founder of the family of
the Eumolpidae, was a Thracian minstrel, who settled in Attica
(Cecropio) and established the Eleusinian mysteries. Note
the hiatus together with a spondee in the fifth place.
13. So in another place:
DiSiigiunt stellae, quarum agmina cogit
Lucifer et caeli statione novissimus exit.
The stars are like an army, marching ofif the field : Lucifer brinp
up the rear.
19. Ut, which is seldom inserted after fac,faxo, b rarely omitted after
efficio.
20. Annnit—solvit. What tense ?
22. Berecyntius, Midas was the son of Gordius, and of the goddess
Cybele.
Male, in what was really his bane.
28. Maasa, a lump of metal, a nugget
30. Cp. XII. 86.
33. Banaen, whom Jupiter deceived in a shower of gold.
39. He thought to get out of the diflSculty by not using his hands, but
the victtiab hardened in his mouth as soon as hb teeth touched
them. Fremebat, covered.
41. Auctorem muneris, Bacchus, i.e. wine.
Fusile, molten.
47. Splendida, his very arms do not escape the airse.
51. Fidem, accus. in apposition with the sentence.
60. Veteris, Ac., from its having caught the seed of the old vein.
61. Join auro madidis, soaked with gold.
66. Nam gives the reasons for saying Pingue sed ingenium tnansU.
Arduus, &c., i.e. it is very steep and precipitous on one side,
but on the other slopes away in two directions towards Sardis
and Hypaepa.
XVI.]
NOTES—THE GOLDEN FLEECE.
119
69. Pan. The story is generally told of the Satyr Marsyas. It is
beautifully modernized in the Epic of Hades, by a 'New
Writer.'
70. Cerata, waxed to make them air-tight.
74. Arboribus. The trees that crown the mountain's brow (sua
silva, 80) are transferred by a sort of confusion to the brow
of the god of the mountain. Coma caerula, this feature is
taken from the blue haze that seems to cover the distant hills.
76. i.e. if you are ready, begin.
81. The figure corresponding to this description is preserved to us in
many statues of Apollo Citharoedus.
82. Order: palla saturata (soaked in, fully dyed) Tyrio murice.
See VII. S, note.
83. India, i.e. of ivory.
85. Artificis, the very way in which he stood showed the genuine
artist.
86. Sollicitat, plies.
87. Cannas, of which Pan's pipe was made.
93. The power of moving the ear does not, as a rule, belong to man.
Imas, their base.
94. In, in respect of.
97. Tlaris, the modem turban.
108. The servant who had dug up the soil and sown this secret is
called its husbandman.
XVI,
THE GOLDEN FLEECE.
1. Fagasaea. The ship Argo was built in the port of Pagasae,
near lolcos. Cp. XX. 61, Pagasaeus lason.
2—4. The Argonauts stopped on their way at Salmydessus, a town
in Thrace, to consult Phineus, a blind seer, as to how they
should get through the Symplegades, two rocks at the mouth
of the Euxine, which closed on and crushed all that tried to
pass between. Phineus was plagued by the Harpies, who,
whenever he sat down to meat, snatched the victuals from his
mouth. Calais and Zethus, sons of Boreas, destroyed these
monsters.
2. Ferpetua sub nocte.
Blind Thamyris and blind Maeonides,
And Tiresias, and Phineus, prophets old.
Milton, Paradise Lost, III. 35.
6. Fbasidos, a river in Colchis.
7. Fhrixea. Phrixus and Helle, the children of Athamas, escaping
from the«cruelty of their stepmother, Ino, were carried
through the air on the back of a ram with a golden fleece.
I20
STORIES FROM OVID.
[xvi.
Helle dropped oflf into the sea, which afterwards bore her
name, but Phrixus escaped to the court of Aeetes. He
sacrificed the ram to Jupiter, and gave the fleece to his host.
It was in quest of this that Jason went.
8. Xiex. Jason was to tame to the yoke two bulls that breathed
fire, to sow a field with serpent's teeth, and to elude the
dragon which guarded the fleece.
II. The whole of this soliloquy is very telling. Medea recognizes in
her mingled feelings the power of love (13—17); she blames
herself for caring for a stranger (21), and then tries to cheat
herself by the thought that to wish to save him is not love,
but simple humanity (25); he cannot escape without her help,
and to refuse her help would be to show herself brutal in her
cruelty (29, following); yet why should she imperil herself
that Jason may live and wed another?- (33—^41) but no!
his very looks proclaim him too noble for such ingratitude
(43—50); should she then be untrue to her country and
kindred ? (51, 52) but she will gain a nobler country, nobler
kindred, and with Jason she would have no fear (53-^8); at
last she rouses herself to shake off the temptation, how futilely
is soon seen.
18. Si possem, yes, but I cannot; if I could, etc.
21. I, a princess, in love with a stranger. Cp. XI. 19. So alieni
orbis, of a strange world.
23. Vivat, deliberative as well as oblique : whether he is to live.
30. Suae segetis hostibus, enemies of his own sowing. Note how
she says adflabitur, concurret; the meeting such dangers
necessarily implies the not overcoming them, unless she
helps.
34. It I am cruel enough to refuse my help, why should I not
also, &c. I am hard-hearted enough for it.
36. Terrigenas, those who should spring from the dragon's teeth.
37. Ista; sc. meliora.
38. Aeetes had been told by prophecy that he should reign as long as
he kept the golden fleece.
40. Per me sospes, while he owes his safety to me, he should set
sail without me.
41. See XI. 32.
46. In Ibedera, cogo seems to be used in a double sense. I will
make them parties to the contract.
47. Quin = qui non ? How is it that you do not fear what is quite
safe? i.e. do not fear, when all is safe.
51. I shall be called servatrix, it is true, but it will be by deserting
my home. Germanam, Chalciope, married to Phrixus;
fratrem, Absyrtus ; patrem, Aeetes.
53. Nempe, true ; of course ! half ironical.
54. Staut mecum, are on my side, possibly because she is wedded
to a Greek.
35. Deus. I leave my dipatrii, it is true, but I carry the strongest,
the god of love, in my own bosom.
XVI.]
NOTES—THE GOLDEN FLEECE.
121
56. Titulnm, honour, reputation, a thing to be inscribed on one's
statue. Servatae is predicative.
62. The Sympl^ades, which, however, after the passage of the
Argonauts stood still: Medea does not know of this.
63. Scylla and Charybdis are mentioned as well-known terrors of the
sea. If the Argonauts passed by the Symplegades they
would not encounter these. They were cut off, however,
from the straits, and having made their way overland returned
by the west coast of Italy.
Charybdis is described in Homer as swallowing down the
waters of the sea thrice in the day, and again vomiting them
forth, while Scylla is described as a fearful monster, barking
like a dog. The narrowness of the Straits of Messina causes
the current to change with the tide. The current from the
south is the stronger as the tide rises, while that from the
north prevails during the ebb. Naturally the two currents
thus struggling for the mastery cause some commotion in the
sea's surface, sometimes on one side of the strait, sometimes
on the other, and form a kind of bore, as it is called in tidal
rivers. There is, however, no danger for fair-sized boats,
unless there is a strong wind blowing against the current.
Still vessels generally avoid the tossing that this would cause
(RfeCLUS, Za Terre, vol. ii. p. 153.)
74. Perseidos, daughter of Perses and Asteria.
76. Portis, resolute; pulsusque, &c., and her passion had been
beaten back.
77. Bevixit, the perfect marks the suddenness—was all alive again.
78. Beeanduit, was in a glow : candeo, candesco are especially used
of metal at a white heat, hence the active form in accendo,
ineendo.
80. Inducta, covering it.
81. Agitata, fancied.
82. Join amor, iam lentas, lam (is) quem languere putares.
84. Join sollto formosior, more handsome than his wont.
86. Turn denique, then for the first time.
92. Veri, of what is right. I do it with my eyes open.
94. Triformis deae, i.e. Hecates.
96. Aeetes was the son of Sol.
97. Tanta pericula, the greatness of his perils.
98. Creditus, a very uncommon poetic usage for postquam illi
creditum est; canto is used of magic charms.
102. Jugis, the rising ground.
104. Adamanteis, and so invulnerable.
105. Vaporibus, their hot breath.
107. Silices, here limestone. The chalk and the flints in the chalk
seem confused.
Terrena, the kilns were made of brick.
114. Spondaic line. , , . t
115. SLinyae. T^ name given to the crew of the Argo. It was
122
STORIES FROM OVID.
[xvii.
the name of an ancient race that lived round lolcos in
Thessaly.
117. Palearia, dewlaps.
122. Vipereos dentes, some of the teeth of the dragon that Cadmus
slew. Pallas had given them to Aeetes. Cf. No. V.
126. Cp. Ps. cxxxix. 15 (Prayer-Book version): 'In thy book were
all my members written, which day by day were fashioned.'
132. Haemonii, from Thessaly, i.e. Jason.
137. Carmen, a m^ical formula, not necessarily metrical: our
' charm.'
142. Civill, cf. V. 104.
144. Barbara, Medea, opp. to Greek.
145. See XIV. 15, and note.
148. Horum, sc. carminum.
151. Arietis is a trisyllable (arjetis), aurei a dissyllable.
155. To what does sibi belong ?
XVII.
CEPHALUS AND PROCRIS.
This story is part of a fuller legend discussed by Mr. Max Muller
(Chips from a German Workshop, ii. 85). He traces in it a poetical
version of the dew of morning dried up, or killed, by the hot mid-day
sun. As this is the only part of his comment that concerns the
present extract, it is sufficient to refer the reader to the comment itself.
2. Cecropidas, the Athenians.
3. Aeoliden. Cephalus was grandson of Aeolus.
5. llediis sermonibus, in the general conversation.
7. Join qua e sllva reclsum.
12. Actaeis = Atticis. The old name of Attica was the
coast-land.
TTsum, a serviceableness greater than its outward look.
14. Missum, when once it has left the hand.
16. Ifereius. Phocus, whose mother Psamathe was a Nereid.
18. Sed enim. But (he hesitated) for . . .
19. Mercede, abl. of price.
22. Flere facit, in prose facit utfleam.
25. Procris and Orithyia were daughters of Erechtheus, king of
Athens ; Orithyia was carried off by Boreas.
81 forte. It was more likely that the story of Orithyia might
have reached his ears.
26. Spondaic ending.
28. The more ordinary construction is dignior ipsa qtiae raperetur.
37. liaiades, Oedipus, son of Laius, king of Thebes, solved the
riddle of the Sphinx (What is that which goes first with four
fert, then with two, and last with three ?) The Sphinx in a
rage threw herself from a rock and was killed.
XVIII.] NOTES—THE TUSCAN MARINERS.
123
39* Obscura, as we speak of 'dark sayings.'
41. Pestis, a fox to which at last the people gave up one child a
month. This fox was destined never to be overtaken. Hence
the catastrophe.
44. B«te was the large net, plaga the single toil or snare.
49. Vincula, the leash.
50. OoUo, it strains them with its neck as they impede it.
52. Oalidus, heated by his rapid motion.
54. Olandes, the leaden bullets used with the sling, cp. VI. 48;
• verber is the leathern thong of the sling.
55. Gort^ is a town in Crete. The Cretan archers were famous.
50. ColUs apex xnedii, the top of an intervening hill.
60. In spatium, into the open.
61. The constant doubling makes it impossible for the hound to keep
up his speed.
62. Cp. IV. 81.
63. Vanos exercet morsus, spends its fruitless bites.
65. Amentia, the thongs by which the javelin was held.
84. Lina, nets.
91. Every word here might be applied to a woman named Aura.
Hence vocUnts ambiguis, 1. A similar mistake is beautifully
worked out in Mr. Tennyson's Enid,
97. Captatur, is eagerly caught, inhaled.
100. Mihi amari, was the object of my love.
102. Susurra, whispering, tattling, agrees with lingua.
104. Why sibi? Is it right?
109. Sperat falli. Why is not the verb in the future?
III. Damnatura non est, refuses to condemn.
123. This heightens the tragedy, but is inconsistent with what has
been said before. How ?
130. Meos, sc. inferos, to whom she, now all but dead, belongs.
133. Innubere, to marry into a family. Here to succeed as a bride
to my mamage chamber.
XVIII.
THE TUSCAN MARINERS.
3. Arva, 6S:c. The three sources of wealth among the ancients.
5. Iiino, net.
6. Calamo, rod. So Metam. VIII. 217, tremula dum captat
arundine pisces.
7. His trade was his fortune. Traderet combines the idea of handing
on by teaching with that of bequeathing as an inheritance.
11. The mere fisherman is tied to one place. The simple navigation
of the ancients depended entirely on the signs of the sky.
12. Begimen, the helm, or the steering.
13. 01eniae,«>f Olenus, a town of Achaia, where the goat Amalthea,
according to the legend, nurtured the child Jupiter.
124
STORIES FROM OVID.
[XVIII.
14. Taygeten, one of the Pleiades, or Seven Sisters, a group in
Taurus, of which the Hyades (the rainy stars) form another
group.
Arcton, the bear, and so the pole-star which is in the Lesser Bear.
15. Ventorum domos, the homes of the winds, and so the quarters
from which they blow.
17. Deztris, so passing under the island. Greek mariners preferred
to keep in-shore, and so from Maeonia to Delos would leave
Chios on the right.
This appears to be the only instance of the simple accusative
(Uttora) after adduco.
20. Inferre, the poets often use the infinitive in oblique petition.
21. Ducat, which, I told them, led.
25. Utque putat, and having got as he thought. This sort of kid¬
napping was not thought dishonourable.
28. The three things which most betray breeding—dress, physiognomy,
and gait.
35. Frensoque rudente relabi, and to slide down by the ropes.
38. Eipopeus was the boatswain (Gk. KeXeiffrris), who by voice or
flute gave the time to the rowers.
41. The vessel was his, so that he had the right to decide what should
come on board. Pinum, the timber of the ship, by the figure
called meton5rmy (or transfer of names): so we use ' steel'
for ' sword,' ' mahogany' for ' table,' ' copper' for ' caldron.'
43. Pulsus, &c., by banishment from some city of Etruria was
paying the penalty of a cruel murder. This seems to have
given rise to the name ' Tuscan mariners.'
47. He was stunned, but caught in the cordage, and so was saved
from falling overboard.
48. Impia, disloyal.
59. Nazos lies about S.S.W. of Chios, and would lie to the left of
their course for Delos, so that the geography must not be too
closely pressed. The sailors may have wished to return home
with their captive. ^
63. Greek ships had two rudders, see Acts xxvii. 40.
66. Scilicet, ironical. Do not think you are the only one that can
steer.
68. Diversa, in its original sense, the opposite direction.
71. Cf. IV. 81.
74. The advantage of strength and numbers is on your side.
77. Ipsum, Bacchus. Both in Latin and ^Greek it is common in
adjurations to put the personal pronoun between the preposi¬
tion {per or irpAs) and its case.
79. Veri majora fide, too great to be accepted as true.
82. Deducunt. Cp. VIII. 83. Gemina ope, sail and oar.
83. Ivy was especially associated with the worship of Bacchus.
86. It served as a thyrsus.
87. These animals are probably connected with the legendary con¬
quest of India by Bacchus. He was generally represented
(as in Titian's famous picture of Bacchus and Ariadne in our
XIX.]
NOTES—yUNffS REVENGE.
125
National Gallery) in a chariot drawn by lynxes or panthers.
They are here o^y inania simulacra.
91. They were turned into dolphins, which {Met. II. 265) are called
curvi delphines.
92. Before he could finish he was transformed. '
93. Iiati rictus, gaping jaw.
95. He tries to turn the oars in the other direction in hope of
escaping them.
96. In spatium, &c., shrink back to shortened size.
99. Bepandus, curv^.
102. A -vigorous description of dolphins at play.
105. Draw in the sea water, and blow it from their nostrils.
107. Vix meum, hardly under my own control (so friglitened was he).
109. Diam, another name for Naxos.
XIX.
jun6's revenge.
2. llatertera. Ino was the sister of Semele, and took Bacchus
under her care when his mother had perished.
3. Tot sororibus, Semele, destroyed by Jove's thunder; AutonoS,
mother of Actaeon, who was torn in pieces by his own
hounds ; Agave, who had slain her own son, Pentheus.
6. Alumno numine, divine fosterling.
8. Nautas, see the preceding tale.
9. Uatri, Agave ; natl, Pentheus.
to. Minyeidas, Leucippe, Arsippe, Alcithoe, daughters of Minyas,
king of Orchomenus. They were said to have been changed
into bats for their contempt of Bacchus, and his worship.
II. Nil, acc. after poterit, in appos. with flere.
13. Ipse, Bacchus; agam, deliberative subjunctive, unchanged in
the oblique after a primary tense.
19. It is a trackless dismal waste, and waiting souls idly wander,
seeking their way in vain.
24. Pressum, under the weight.
26. Slmul, as being three-mouthed.
Nocte genltas, i.e. the three Furies, Alecto, Tisiphone, and
Megaera, daughters of Uranus and Nox.
29. Sedes scelerata, the abode of crime.
30. Cp. XIII. 41, following, and notes. Petis, when it has rolled
back s^ain.
38. Vidlt. Cp. XII. 62. Bursus ab, turning away from him.
39. Hlc...Atliamanta = 85e ftkv..J"kSi-fMyra 5^, why is \i^...v)hilst
Athamas.
43. Vellet, -virtually oblique. Ne, the negative belongs to the first
clause only.
45. Ut erat taiibata, disturbed as she was.
48. Inamabile, unlovely.
126 STORIES FROM OVW. L**-
51. Iiustravit. Juno had incurred the pollution of those who
mingle with the dead.
53. Importtina, bringing misery : op. infelix, 1. 61.
58. Athamas was the son of Aeolus.
62. Vipereis nodis, knotted snakes.
67. Graves animas, deadly breath.
68. Mens est, it is the mind, not the body, that is to feel their
baleful blows.
71. Caecae, darkened.
74. Versata, stirred. 'Root of the hemlock diggfd i' the dark' is
one of the ingredients of Hecate's calJron in Macbeth,
Act IV. Sc. I.
78. Conseanitur, follows it up, so as to make it appear a continuous
circle of flame. "Taken probably from witch scenes on the
stage.
84. TJt ferae, as if it were some wild beast.
88. Discutit, smashes. Denique, hitherto she had stood dumb¬
founded.
90. Male Sana, in poetry for insana.
99. Secanduit, grew wMte with foam.
too. ITeptis. Her mother, Harmonia, was the daughter of Mars
and Venus.
104. Note again the hiatus and the spondee in the fifth place.
105. Gratia ponto. She was called in the Greek 'AtpfmSiTt), and
'A<ppoybvaa, the foam-bom, as having sprung from the foam
of the sea.
109. Seum, refers to both ; her a goddess, and him a god.
XX.
THE CALYDONIAN HUNT.
2. Achaia, put for * Greece'. generally, as its name, when it
became a Roman province.
4, Quamvis Meleagron haberet, and so a powerful defender.
9. Iiatices, used of any fluid, and so of olive oil. The olive is
sacred to Pallas.
10. Agrdcolis, sc. Jts. Ceres, Bacchus, Minerva.
11. Ambxtiosus (active), exciting ambition : so invidiosa, XI. 10.
12. Cessasse, fi:om want of offerings.
15. TJltorem, used as an adjective ; the Latin is fond of these concrete
forms.
16. Sicula. The Sicilian cattle, which are famous, are smaller; the
Epirote are not larger.
22. Gravidi, &c., budding shoots, with their long branches or stems.
29. Tegeaea, Atlanta, firom T^ea, a town in Arcadia, liycaei, a
mountain, also in Arcadia.
34. You would call it a girlish face in a boy, a boyish face in a girl.
XX.] NOTES—THE CALYDONIAN HUNT. \2^
37. Eenuente deo, for he was already married. Metam. VIII.
520, speaks of sociam tori,
45. Fressa signa pedum, the impressions of his feet, his footprints.
50. Hinc excitus, roused from this lair.
51. 'P't...ignes, like the lightnings discharged by clashing clouds.
56. Obllquo, alluding to the position of his tusks, which would
strike sideways.
61. It for ivit, at, perfect.
6$. Vulnus implies that the skin is pierced.
68. Spirat, intransitive.
69. The picture is taken from a catapult or ballista.
73. Cornua, wings as in battle array.
74. Pylius. Nestor, king of Pylus, in Messenia. Citra, before.
75. Getting a start from his spear set in the ground, i.e. using it as a
leaping-pole to give him a higher spring.
78. Tritis, and so sharpened, and fresh (receiatibus armis).
81. Gemini fratres. Castor and Pollux, the Great Twin-brethren
of Macaulay's Lay, TJu Battle of the Lake Eegillus (St. 32):
He was aware of a princely pair
That rode on his right liand^
So like they were» no mortal
Might one from other know.
White as snow their armour was;
Their steeds were white as snow.
86. Order, isset inter opacas silvas, loca neo iactilis nec eguo
pervia.
97. Viri, emphatic : at being beaten by a woman.
100. Variat, i.e. changes the luck.
103. Novo, from this second wound.
110. So as to claim a share in the slaughter.
112. Nonacria, from a hill in Arcadia.
128
INDICES TO THE NOTES.
I,—PROPER NAMES.
Absyrtns, xvi. 51.
Achelous, xi.
Acis, X.
Aeetes, xvi.
Aeolus, vi. i.
Agave, xix. 3.
Alpheus, ix. 103.
Amalthea, xviii. 13.
Amphion, viii. 2, 5.
Amphitryon, xii. 41.
Anapus, ix. 33.
Andromeda, vi.
Aonius, iii. 29.
Arachne, vii.
Areopagus, vii. 36.
Arethusa, ix. 103.
Ascalaphus, ix. 155.
Atalanta, iii. xx.
Athamas, xix. 58.
Atlas, xii. 94.
Augeas, xii. 83.
Autonoe, xix. 3.
Babylon, i. 3.
Bacchiadae, ix. 23.
Bacchus, xviii.
Baleares, vi. 47.
Baucis, ii.
Belides, xiii. 4^
Berecyntius, xiv. 16, xv. 22.
Busiris, xii. 79.
Cadmea, viii. 70.
Cadmus, v.
Calais, xvi. 2.
Calydon, xii. 48.
Camilla, iii. 88.
Cassiopeia, vi. 7, 8.
Castaha, v. 1.
Catana, ix. i.
Caystros, ix. 2.
Cenaeum, xii. 37.
Centauri, xii. 87.
Cephalus, xviL
Cepheus, vi. 7.
Cephisus, v. 6.
Ceres, ix.
Chalciope, xvi. 51.
Charybdis, xvi. 53.
Cicones, xiii. 2.
Claros, iv. 63.*
Coeus, viii. 38.
Colophon, vii. 4,
Cyane, ix. 25.
Cynthus, viii. 57.
Cytorus, vii. 91.
Danae, xv. 33.
Danaus, xiii. 44.
Daphne, iv.
Delos, viii. 43.
Diana, xi. 87.
Dione, viii. 27.
Epopeus, xviii. 38.
Erytheia, xii. 80.
Euenus, xii. 7.
Eumolpus, XV. 9.
Europa, vii. 8j.
Eurydice, xiii
Gorgon, xii. 80.
Gortyn, xvii. 55.
Harmonia, v. 85, xix. 100.
Hecate, vii. 98.
Helle, xvi. 7.
Henna, ix. i.
PROPER
NAMES.
129
Hercules, xi., xii.
Hermes, vi. 4.
t^perides, xii. 94.
Hrppolyte, xii. 85.
Hydra, xi. 67, xii. 88.
Hypaepa, vii. 9.
A
IasoD,|Xvi.
Inachas, vr. 58.
Ino, *vi. 7.
lole, xii. 41.
Ismenus, viii. 12.
lupfuter Ammon, vi. 9.
Ixion, xiii. 42.
Laius, xvii. 37.
Lelex, ii. 3.
Lema, xii. 88.
Lycaeus, xx. 29.
Maia, ii. 8.
Manto, viii. 10.
Mars' Hill, vii. 66.
Medea, xvi.
Meleager, xx.
Mercury, ii. 8.
Minyae, xvi. 115.
Minyeides, xix. 10.
Naxos, xviii. 29.
Nemea, xii. 95.
Neptunus, vii. 67.
Niobe, viii. 2.
Nonacria, xx. 112.
Oechalia, xii. 37, 41.
Oedipus, xvii. 37.
Ceneus, xi. 12.
Ceta, xii. 63.
Clenus, xviii. 13.
Onchestus, iii. 39.
Orithyia, xvii. 25.
Orpbeus, xiiL xiv.
Orphne, ix. 155.
Pactolus, vii. 9.
Pagasae, xvi. i.
Palici, ix. 22.
Pallas, V. 89, vii. 67.
Pan, XV. 69.
Panope, v. 6.
Parthenium nemus, xii.!
Patara, iv. 65.
Peneus, iv. 21.
Phasis, xvi. 6.
Philemon, ii. ~
Phineus, xvi. 2.
Phocaea, vii. 5.
Phocus, xvii. 16.
Pholus, xii. 87.
Phrixus, xvi. 7.
Pisa, ix. 25.
Pittheus, ii. 3.
Polyphemus, x.
Procris, xvii.
Psamathe, xvii. 16.
Rhodope, xiii. 11.
Scylla, xvi. 63.
Semele, xix. 3.
Semiramis, i. 4.
Sipylus, viii. 2.
Sisyphus, xiii. 44.
St}^phalus, xii. 83.
Symaethus, x. 1.
Symplegades, xvi. 62.
Taenarus, xiii. 13.
Tamasa, iii. 78.
Tantalus, ii. 3, xiii. 41.
Taygete, xviii. 14.
Tegea, xx. 29.
Tenedos, iv. 63.
Tityos, xiii. 43.
Tmolus, vii. 9.
Tyana, ii. 97.
130
II.—WORDS EXPLAINED.
Admitto (equum), viii. 89.
amentum, xrit. 65.
amores, i. S3,
animosus, viii. 59.
aiundo, vii. 51.
Buxum, i. 80.
Cacumen, ii. 94.
caelatus, ii. 46.
caenilus, xv. 74.
calamus, xviii. 6.
carmen, xvi. 137.
ceratus, iL 48, xv. 70.
cervix, viii. 87.
coctilis, i. 3.
coUigo, ix. 62.
consequor, xix. 78.
Decurro, iii. 31.
Emico, iiL 87.
Glans, xviL S4-
guttur, viii. 87.
Intonsus, viiL 106.
ipse, i. 49.
itero, vi. 87.
Lascivus, x. 42.
lectus, ii. 43.
lego, V. 4.
linum, xvii. 80.
Mensa secunda, iL 39.
mico, xi. 35.
molaris, v. 46.
moles, xi. 38, xiL 93.
Nitidus, viii. 93.
nux, iL 52.
Pecten, vii. 51.
pinus, xviii. 4.
pius, viiL 102.
plumbum, vi. 48.
poeniceum, ix. 152.
pronepos, iii. 50-
pullatus, L 106.
Quin, xvi. 47.
Radius, vii. 51.
recandesco, xvi. 78
Sertum, iL loi.
silex, xvL 107.
sors, iii. 8.
specus, V. 16.
sponda, iL 43.
stamen, vii. 51.
subtemen, viL 51.
succinctns, xi. S"*.
supinus, ii. 59-
Taeda, i. 6.
torus, iL 43, xL 80.
trado, xviii. 7.
triformis, xvL 94.
Usus, xiii. 37.
Velamen, iii. 19.
virgo, xii. 4.
vitta, iv. 26.
131
III.—GRAMMATICAL^
Ablative of cause iv. 3
» >1 means ....... iv, 42
» It price iii, 46; xvii. 19
Accusative with past participles in middle sense—
Adoperta vultum i. 40
Vestes cinctae vii. 55
Tonsa comam : xiv. 47
Accusative of reference or limit iv. 33
„ ,, time, subject to passive verb iii. 103
An . . • i. 78; v. 71
An in second member only II. 16
Asyndeton i. 63 ; viii. 25
Camito, active form ii. 70
Conditional, elliptic. Quid si comantur ? ... iv. 47
,, with sed clause for protasis .... xiv. 15
Creditus xvi. 98
Dative of indirect recipient, aquis . . i. 38
,, ,, complement after dabitur .... ii. 68
„ „ object in view xi. 32
„ „ cause vii. 76; xiii. 49
Deliberative subjunctive obliqueiii. 110; vrVa/ . xvi. 23
„ „ agam xix. 13
Dum ii. 95
Ellipsis of noun, eanos, vii. 22, torvis .... vii. 30
Forsan and forsitan iii. I
Genitive of respect, leti, iii. 50, futuri .... vii. 96
,, ,, relative position, Cyanes .... ix. 25
„ ,, quality (defining genitive) iii. 62; iv. 18 ; v. 43
Hendiadys, virgis ac vimine, v. 16; cristis et auro . . v. 19
Indicative for English subjunctive with possum, debeo, &c. i. 20
Infinitive after verbs of asking, &c.,/torro,ii. Ss,admoneo, viii. 4;xviii. 20
„ „ a verb of hindering v. 75
„ ,, dignus iii. 67
Juxtaposition yi. 20
Ne, where fear is Implied ...... iv. 55
132
GRAMMATICAL.
Nec, tuc iniqua = et aequa, ii. 15 ; n€c longae = et brevis ii. S®
Negative combined with verb, tioti invideatis = grant . i. 103
Nescio quis, one word iv. 10; viii. 3b
Neve = et ne .... ... i- 33
Noun predicate i- '5
Parenthetical phrases, nec mora, i. 66 ; ut ptilat xviii. 25
Passive participle of intransitive verbs, regnata ii- 4
Per, permissive x. 135; xvL 40
Perfect of sudden or rapid action xvi. 77
Postquam, with perfect indicative xi. 62
Predicative use of participle . iv. 3, 15 ; viL 68
„ „ adjective xi. 7
Prolepsis, vitiatas inficit auras ..... v. 63
„ maduere graves pennae ..... vL 57
,, saxa sequentia diuit ..... xiv. 2
Quam, omitted ........ v. 40
Quamvis, with indicative xv. 3
Que, lengthened in arsis ix. 100
Quisque, with superlatives i*. 47
Quod, consecutive ........ ix. 32
Sequence, broken xii. 82
Similis, with dative of participle . . . . iv. 81; xvii. 62
Spondaic endings . . viL 87 ; xv. 3 ; xvL 114 ; xviL 26 ; xix. 144
Subjunctive perfect in prohibition vii. 26
Tantus, without ut ... . iii. 14 ; v. I, 6, 13, 202
Transposed epithet ii. 54; v. III., vii. 46
Ut, sic = fUv Si ....... . i' 77
Vale, as noun term, neuter xiii. 62
Zeugma iii. 32
133
IV.—ILLUSTRATIVE QUOTATIONS.
Chancer, Legende of Goode Women, 709
>> " >) 1. 735
»» *1 ■» », 852
)» >» >» 1, 862
892
Euripides, Fhoenissae, 638 .
,, ,, 662
„ ,, 666 .
Gray, Progress of Poesy, I. 3
Handel, Acis and Galatea
Homer, Iliad, XX. 226-9
„ XXIV. 602, 617
Horace, Odes II. 6, 11
„ „ III. 4, 64
„ Sat. I. 6, 74
„ Ars Poet. 63
Jameson, Sacred and Legendary Art, vol. 11.
Juvenal, Sat X. 123
Llvy, II. 37 .
„ XXI. 21 . . .
Macaulay'sLaysof Ancient Rome, Battle of Reglllus,
Max Miiller, Chips from a German Workshop, vol. 11. p. 92
i> )» i> )» >> P* ^9
» 5> »> P* 85
Milton, Paradise Lost, I. 194
• „ „ 11. 612
„ II. 709
„ HI. 35
„ in. 356
VII. 32
» IX. 505
,, Paradise Regained, IV. 523
„ Comus, 393
„ Lycldas . •
„ II Penseroso • ■
St. 32
1. 4
1. 10
1. 67
I. 79
1. 96
V. Introd.
V. 46
V. 89
xi. 35
X. 39
111. 88
vlli. Introd.
II. 4
iv. 63
1. 40
xlll. 32
vl. Introd.
1. 20
V. 6
vl. 47
XX. 81
Iv. Introd.
xl. xU.
xvli.
Iv. 6
xlll. 41
v. 32
xvl. 2
xl. 87
xlv. 16
V. 85
xll. 79
xil. 86
xlv. 44
xlll. 46
134
ILLUSTRATIVE QUOTATIONS.
Morris, W., Earthly Paradise, vol.
Ovid, Metamorphoses, XI. 406
VIII. 217
,, Fasti, IV. 617
Pope, Essay on Criticism, 372
,, Ode on St. Cecilia's Day
Preller, Griechische Mythologie, I
I) ft If II
Reclus, La Terre, II. 153 * .
Scott, Lady of the Lake, I. 18
If II II III. 5
Shakespeare, Macbeth, III. 5
IV. I
Henry VIII., III. I
Shirley, Poems
Spenser, Faerie Queene, I. i
Tacitus, Annals, I. 8
Tennyson, Brook .
Virgil, Aeneid, VII. 808
„ „ XI. 192
,, Georgics II. 449
II II HI. 33
,, Eclogues IV.
i., Atalanta's Race
628
71
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