Suggestions on Techniques for the Preparation of a.n Index of Deeds, Mortgages, and Other Encum"oranees by Property Location -0O0- W. P. A. Technical Series Research, Statistical, and Survey Project Circular No. 2 March 22, 1938 4 WORKS PROGRESS ADMINISTRATION Division of Social Research Washington, D. C. NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY LIBRARY 12814 TABLE OF CONTENTS Page FOREWORD iii PREFACE ........ iv OBJECTIVES AND USES ............ 1 PROCEDURE 5 Preparing the Key Blocks cr Sectional Maps 5 Abstracting ...................... 6 Locating 9 Sorting and Verifying ...... 9 Preparing Index Sheets for Each Parcel . 11 Assembling the Block Books ...... 12 Variations to Amply to Rural Areas 13 MAINTENANCE 14 SPONSOR 16 PERSONNEL 17 MATERIALS AND EQUIPMENT 19 APPENDIX 20 A. Sample Key Block Ma.p 20 Sample Abstract Cards 21 C. Sample Index Sheets 23 12814 PREFACE This circular is a "brief outline of the procedure needed for the operation of a project covering the preparation of an index of recorded real estate conveyances "by property location. It sets forth only in general terms the successive phases through which the project will pass in its operation. Hence, its chief purpose is to give immediate general assistance to sponsors and Works Progress Administration officials in the formulation of projects of this type. In releasing this circular it is assumed that the project will "be supervised "by a person who is technically qualified to work out the dot,ails of the procedure and to determine the specific functions which each project worker will perform. The material in this circular has "been prepared, in the Division of Social Research. The procedure outlined is recommended "by the Division of Women's and Professional Projects as p. guide in the operation of this type of research, statistical, and survey project. iv 12814 poisword Sponsors have indicated particular interest in white-collar projects which provide professional and clerical aid to local govern¬ mental "units. Requests for information concerning methods of operating certain of these projects have led to the preparation of a series of circulars covering suggested techniques. It is hoped that this circular will "be a guide which will assist in securing•competent technical supervision and successful opera¬ tion of white-collar projects contemplating the indexing of recorded real estate conveyances by property location. The procedure suggested is not mandatory. Local conditions and legal requirements may necessitate some changes. It has been demonstrated however, that the procedure outlined in this circular is adequate to accomplish the objective of the project. The procedures contained herein are concerned entirely with the technique of project operation .and nothing in this circular is to be con¬ strued to affect or modify in any wa.y administrative procedures of the Works Progress Administration. /^/Harry L. Hopkins Administrator y y / 12314 OBJECTIVES AIID USES This procedure is designed as a guide in the preparation of an index by property location of land records in the office of the recorder or register of deeds, county c]erk, or other office performing the record¬ ing function. In this index all instruments or conveyances of real estate are indexed according to the property to which they pertain. In cities this type of index may "be referred to as a "block and lot index, while in rural areas it may "be called a tract index. The preparation of alphabetic indexes is almost a universally accepted practice in recorders' offices. In fact, their maintenance is required by law in many places. There is considerable variation, how¬ ever, in the manner in which they are set up. Deads, mortgages, find all other encumbrances may all be thrown together in the same index, or they may be indexed separately. This may arise out of the fact that as in¬ struments are received for recording they may al'f be copied into the same book, or separate books may bo maintained for each of the major types of instruments. Ordinarily, grantors (sellers) will be indexed separately from grantees (buyers), and mortgagors (borrowers) separately from mortgagees (lenders). In some of the smaller county offices the first few or the last few pages of the books in which the instruments are copied nay be reserved for an index, of the instruments in that book. This generally neons that each book cannot be indexed until it is filled. The usual practice, however, is to maintain seoa.ra.te volumes for the index. Even where separate volumes are maintained, one index may cover only one year or it may cover several years. In offices - 1 - 12814 - 2 - where a great rna.ny instruments are recorder! an index may cover only a few months. Entries in grantor and grantee indexes may not "be in strict alphabetic order. In fact, where an open index is maintained, that is, where entries are made from day to day as additional instruments are recorded, it is impossible to maintain strict alphabetic order if the usu.a.1 ledger form is used. In such cr.ses the entire alphabet is usually broken down into a number of subdivisions, with a separate section in the index volumes reserved for chronological entries in each subdivision. The actual number of such subdivisions nay vary from one for each letter in the alphabet to over five hundred for the entire alphabet. In the latter case each letter is further subdivided by the second letter in surnames, such a.s 3a, Be, Bo, etc., or even by the second and third letters, such a.s Baa. to Bam, Ban to Bar, Bas to Baz, Bea. to Bel, etc. Since entries are ma.de in chronological order, therefore, if one is in¬ terested in the name BalliAger, it, will bo necessarv to search through several pages in the "Ban. to Bam" section of the index unless the ap¬ proximate date of entry is known. Another characteristic of such alphabetic index is that since it is alphabetic and is designed to facilitate the finding of names only, usually little attempt is made to give a definite description of property. This means that if Mr. Bellinger buys and soils many properties, his name will appear in the index several times so that it may be necessary to examine several records before finding the particular deed for which search is being made. Counties in some of the Public Land States have established so-called tr^ct indexes in which a separation, is made for the properties 12814 - 3 - in each section of a township. Although the index may indicate in which quarter of the section a property is located, the instruments affecting all properties in the section.are usually indexed chronologically. Little attempt is made to make separations for each parcel of property within the section. In a few of the larger cities, such as Hew York, Chicago, Cleveland, Baltimore, and Washington, L. C., the "block and lot indexing system has "been, or is being, established. The essential feature of this system is that the index is arranged in order by property location; it contains in one place a reference to the book and page number of all instruments which have been recorded pertaining to an individual parcel of property. Furthermore, the index is set up in such a way that addi¬ tions can be made for future entries when additional instruments are recorded for each parcel of property, ^hus there appears in the index in one place a complete history of deeds, mortgages, leases, and other miscellaneous instruments for each parcel of property. The advantages of an index by property location are apparent. With the establishment of this system giving complete ownership and mortgage history, it is possible to determine upon inspection, both accurately and expeditiously, the last owner and the existing mortgages and. leases of record on every parcel of property. By use of this index the public will be able to obtain reference to the exact location in the official record of all recorded instruments. Thus there is made readily available title information, last owner and mortgagees, and chains of title. To the extent to.which the actual consideration is given in recorded instruments, the tax authorities may easily obtain for use in 12814 _ 4 - appraisal information as to mortgager, leases and s4es. The corporation counsel or other officials charged with similar responsibilities may obtain chains of title for condemnation and other legal proceedings. Official bodies, such as the health department, labor department, building department, and tenement house department may obtain owners' names for notices of violations, etc. The use of such an index by property location also greatly facilitates the obtaining of information for the purpose of research in the field of real estate activity and prices, mortgage indebtedness, fore¬ closures, etc. In places where the index by property location has been estab¬ lished it is considered primary, and the alphabetic index, even though its maintenance has been continued, is secondary. If the location of the property is known, and if information as to its present ownership or mortgage status or chain of title is desired, the index by property loca¬ tion is used. On the other hand, if information is desired as to the property interest of any individual, the alphabetic index is used. The procedure outlined in this circular covers only the index by property location. It must be recognized that the operation of a project in accordance with this procedure does not constitute a guarantee or search of title. The recorded instruments are not examined from the standpoint of legality or validity. The procedure is designed so that there is simply brought together in one place a reference to the location, in the official record, of all instruments pertaining to each parcel of property, with the objective of establishing in the recorder's office an index to the official records which will best meet the requirements of local 12814 procfdupeI/ Preparing the Key Blocks or Sectional Mans The preparation of the index "by property location is dependent upon the existence of accurate and up-to-date property maps and the designation of each parcel of property "by an identification number. If such a property map is not available, or if an identification numbering system has not been devised, this work must be carried out before the procedure outlined here can be ■ foilowed.—^ Such a map may have been prepared by the assessor, recorder, surveyor or engineer. For the purposes of this project whatever map is used must bo accurate as to the number of properties and the general location of property lines. It must be drafted to scale and must show block and lot numbers, street names, and dimensions of properties. If a map is acceptable in other respects but has not been kept up-to-date as to minor subdivisions, that is, if some properties have been split up and changes in property lines have not been indicated on the map, some confusion will result later when deeds are found for present owners of property not indicated on the map. Difficulties encountered In this resjject will not be insurmountable, however, since the map may be cor¬ rected as errors are discovered. If any changes are anticipated in the property numbering system, such changes should be made before the preparation of this index so that l/ In the interest of clarity and simplicity the procedure outlined is discussed from the standpoint of application to urban areas where iden¬ tification of properties is by block end lot number. The same procedure may bo followed in rural areas, the essential difference "being simply a matter of terminology. For further details on this point see p. 12. 2/ For a suggested procedure .and an explanation of the identification numbering system refer to Compilation of Property Identification Manr.j Research, Statistical, and Survey Circular No. 1, W.P.A. Technical Series. - 5 - 12814 - 6 - the new numbering system can "be used. In some cases it may "be discovered that the assessor's tax map and the engineer's or surveyor's land map may differ in the numbering system. In such cases steps should he taken to bring these maps, or any others which may "be in official use, into con¬ formity with each other so that all officials will use the same property identification numbers. At least one copy of the map will he required for reference in checking the location of properties and. in determining the present iden¬ tification number of properties to which recorded instruments refer. The map of each block should also be reproduced, to provide two copies to be utilized as follows: one copy to be placed in the index hooks to pro¬ vide for ea.sy reference in the actual use of the index; the other copy to be bound in volumes for preservation and future reference. These sheets showing single blocks should he the same size as the index sheets to be used.—/ Abstracting As soon as the project has been placed in opera¬ tion .and the workers have been given "celimir.ary training, the abstract¬ ing pha.ee nay begin. An abstract is a digest or condensation of any instrument that is to be indexed and is prepared, by examination of the recorder's official copy of the instrument itself. It must show at a glance the important provisions and details of the instrument pertinent to the preparation and use of the index.—^ The abstract must contain, therefore, a description of the property in sufficient detail to permit ?/ See Appendix A for sample map of a block, 4/ See Appendix B for sample form of abstract. 12814 - 7 - its definite location. It also must give the following information: kind of instrument, whether a warranty deed, quitclaim deed, sheriff's deed, title registration certificate, or any other type of deed, first or second mortgage, lease, etc.; names of parties to the transaction, grantor and grantee, mortgagor and mortgagee, etc.; date the instrument was record.ea; serial number; number of the pages and book or liber in which the instrument is copied; and any other pertinent information on the nature of the instrument and status of, or conditions affecting the transaction. The form of the abstract for mortgages should pro¬ vide space for noting the amount of the mortgage. In some communities it will be found that the release or satisfaction of mortgages is recorded by writing over the face of the official record some simple notation, such as "satisfied", together with the date. The form of the abstract to be used for mortgages may provide special space for noting satisfaction, or this information may be entered under "Remarks". The design of the abstract form to be used and the exact method to be followed in this respect will depend upon local practice in the recorder's office. In the preparation of abstracts, work should begin with the recent volumes of the records for the period to be indexed and should pro¬ ceed in orderly manner back through to the beginning of the period. For the purpose of illustration assume that the index is to cover the period January 1, 1900, to December 31, 1936, and that there are 250 books or libers numbered 121 to 370, inclusive, containing the transcripts of instruments for this period. One worker would be assigned to liber 370, 12814 - 8 - another to 369, etc. Each worker should begin with the instrument starting on the first page of his liber and proceed through to the last before beginning on another liber. A separate sheet or card should be used for each instrument abstracted. The abstracts should be kept in the order in which the instruments appear in the liber until they are checked. As each liber is completed the transcriber should proceed to the next one not already assigned, and the abstracts are turned over to another worker who will check them for accuracy and completeness. In transcribing property descriptions care must be exercised to assure that sufficient information is taken to permit location of the property on the map. If the description gives a block and lot number, this should be noted. Block and lot number may not be sufficient, however, since the present map ms.y differ from the plat to which the description refers. Not only must the identification of the plat be given, but if the instrument contains a description by metes and bounds this also should usually be transcribed-. In some areas it may be found that properties may be definitely located from block and lot numbers if the plats to which these numbers refer are available and if these plats can be related to the map and numbering system used in preparing the index. In these cases it may not be absolutely essential to copy metes and bounds descriptions. This must be determined, by the proj¬ ect supervisor in consultation with some authority from the sponsor's office. It is highly desirable that a mimeographed or otherwise dupli¬ cated form be provided, for the work of abstracting. 12814 - 9 - Locating TThen a sufficient number of abstracts have been accumulated to permit a smooth flow of work through successive stages of the project, the work of locating may begin. This process consists in comparing the description of the property given in the abstract with the map and determining the block and lot number of the property concerned. This number is written in the space provided on the abstract. G-reat care must be exercised in this operation to assure that each instrument is correctly allocated. If a description refers to a block and lot number on a recorded plat, a check must be made to determine if the numbers given on the plat are the same as those on the c / map which is used before definite allocation can be made.—' If a de¬ scription given is of a property which has been subsequently subdivided into two or more lots which bear different lot numbers on the map, the numbers of all of these lots must be noted on the abstract. If the property described is only a part of a parcel bearing one lot number on the map, this must be shown in the identification number placed on the abstract. Sorting and Verifying After the abstracts for all instruments recorded in the period to be indexed- have been located, they are then sorted by property identification number so that all abstracts pertaining to each particular parcel of property are brought together. As stated above, if a property has been subdivided, each of 5/. If there are very many subdivisions and additions with recorded plats and block and lot numbers differing from the present system, it may be advisable to prepare a simple subdivision and addition index showing the present block numbers in these areas. This will facilitate the collating of block and lot numbers as shown on the plats with the present identifi¬ cation system as shown by the map used for the index. 12314 - 10 - the parts being designated by a separate number, the abstract of the parent tract will bear more than one identification number. At this point, therefore, provision must be made for allocating the instrument to each of the present lots with proper notation to show that the instrument applies to the other lots as well. This may best be done by having the abstract copied, allocating one copy to each lot. For example, if an ab¬ stract covers lots 8, 9 and 10 of a certain block three copies will be required. Each copy will show all three lot numbers. One copy should be marked to indicate that it is to be allocated to #3, another to #9, and ' the third to #10. A note should be placed on each abstract referring to the other lots which the instrument affects so that when the index is finally prepared proper cress reference is made. The abstracts for each parcel are then arranged by planing deeds in one group, mortgages in another, and all other instruments in a third.6./ The abstracts within each group for each lot are then arranged in chrono¬ logical order. At this point the process of locating is verified for accuracy. In.the case of deeds this is done by checking through the chain of title to assure that all abstracts pertain to the same parcel of pro¬ perty and that the chain of title is complete. Abstracts for deeds to only a part of a parcel must be given especially careful scrutiny. If it appears that a deed is missing in the chain a search should be made to determine if an error has been made in the abstracting or in the locating. If the chain is complete,the previous operations are assumed to be correct, 6./. Separation of abstracts into these groups must be made if they are to be so arranged in the index. It may be desired, however, to throw all instruments for each lot together in the index or to separate only deed from other conveyances. See section on "Preparation of Lot Sheets for the Index." 12014 - 11 - In a few cases it may "be impossible to complete the chain for the reason that certain of the de ds may never have been recorded.. In the case of other instruments careful examination must be given to assure that the instrument applies to the property indicated by the identifi¬ cation number. Unless the property map and the numbering system used are absolutely up-to-date as to prooerty boundaries, cases may be encountered in which a single property shown on the map has been divided so that there will be separate owners for each part. The map and the identifi¬ cation numbers, therefore, should be revised to conform to present owner¬ ship, This will not he done, however, in cases where two or more con¬ tiguous parcels previously held under different ownership o.re now held under one deed "by a single owner. As the verifiers examine the abstracts to determine if they are correctly located they should also indicate what information given under "Remarks" must he entered on the final index sheets. This may be done by underlining or circling the words to be transcribed. In some instances it may be necessary to rephrase remarks for the purpose of condensation. Since it is desirable that these entries be kept at a minimum only the facts absolutely essential in the use of the index should be indicated. Preparing Index Sheets for Each Parcel Index sheets must be prepared with the correct lot and block number so designated in the head¬ ing of ea.ch sheet. If it is desired to make separations in the index between deeds, mortgages, and other encumbrances a set of three sheets, one for each type of conveyance, must be prepared for each lot.—/ It is 7/. See Appendix C for sample copies of these index sheets. - 12 - not absolutely essential, however, that this separation be made. It may be desired to index only deeds separately from mortgages and other en¬ cumbrances, or even to throw all conveyances for each lot together on one sheet. Information from the abstracts is then posted to the lot sheets. These entries should be made in chronological order, beginning with the earliest conveyance. This order should be followed so that it may be continued by simply making new entries as additional instruments are recorded. As the sheets are posted they should be read back against the abstracts in order to assure accuracy and completeness.^./ Assembling the Block Books After the posting for all lots in a block has been completed and checked the let sheets, arranged in serial order by lot number, may be inserted in loose leaf binders bear¬ ing the proper block number on the cover. If separate sheets have been prepared for the different types of conveyances they should be inserted to appear in the index in the order of deeds first, mortgages second, and other encumbrances third, always, however, keeping the complete index for each lot together. The continuity of the lot sheets should be checked and the key block map placed in the front of the book so that it will be immediately available for reference in the use of the index. It may be feasible to bind the index for two or more blocks together. If this is done the binder should bear the block numbers, 8J After the posting of the information from the abstracts to the lot sheets has been completed the abstracts should not be destroyed. They should be safely stored for future use in case the index is destroyed. They will also be very valuable if at any future time it is desired to prepare a new alphabetical grantor or grantee index. 12814 - 13 - and. cither a tab showing the block number should be attached to each block.map or a separate tab sheet inserted before the section for each block. When these volumes have been assembled the index by property location is complete. Variations to Apply to Rural Areas The indexing of instruments by parcels of property in rural areas may be accomplished in a manner similar to that outlined above for urban aree.s if property maps are available and if a numbering system of property identification has been established. In rural communities, however, the area within which par¬ cels of property a,re assigned a separate series af numbers, correspond¬ ing to the block in urban areas, will depend on the system which has been developed and will in turn determine the exact manner of grouping the sheets in the index. Properties within each section in a township map may be numbered so that the identification will be by parcel, section, and township numbers; or a more arbitrary system of numbering properties shown on each sheet of a set of maps mc.y have been developed in which identification is made by parcel and map sheet numbers. In any Case, the arrangement of parcel sheets for each area within which properties hare been assigned a separate series of numbers and the separation in the index between different series should be similar to that outlined above for lots and blocks in urban areas. 12814 maintenance To provide for the maintenance of this index it would be advisable to set up a journal or tickler system in which the receipt of instruments by the recording office will simply be noted as a preliminary step to the subsequent processes of actual recording and indexing* After treatment of the instrument in recording has been completed it must be indexed. This latter process may be carried out in a manner similar to that outlined above and will comprise the following steps: 1. Abstracting 2. Locating 3. Verifying allocation 4. Posting to the index Every instrument which is received in the office is either recorded, in which case it must also be indexed, or is not recorded and must not get into the index. Its treatment should be noted in the tickler to provide a check on the office procedure.—/ If a parcel of property is subdivided the new property lines must be drawn on the map, new parcel numbers assigned, and new parcel sheets inserted in the index. For the -purpose of illustration, suppose that parcel #8 in a certain block is split up into three parts. The map should be revised to show this subdivision. One of the new parcels may be assigned the number 8A, another 83, and the third 8C. Index sheets for 9J Maintenance of the lot-block index should be combined with the maintenance of the alphabetic, indexes kept in the recorder's office. The same abstract may be used for posting to the separate indexes and may then be sent to the assessor's office to serve as his notice of conveyance of title or duplicate copies may be prepared for these pur¬ poses. Local practice and legal requirements will determine the exact procedure which must be adopted. - 14 - 12314 - 15 - each of these three parcels should, he made up and inserted in the block book immediately following the sheet for parcel #8. If an owner sells a part of his property to another person it is the practice in some locali¬ ties to continue the original number for the part retained and to attach a fraction subscript to identify the part transferred, for example, 8 and 8-g-. It is not necessary to post all previously recorded instruments to the new sheets since the subscript in the identification number serves as a note to the effect that there has been a split-up and that previously recorded instruments will be found indexed on the sheet for the parent tract# If two or more properties are combined the entire parcel may take the number of one of the original properties or an entirely new number may be assigned. In either case proper notation should be made on index sheets which have been discontinued to explain where subsequent transfers are indexed; a note should be made on the sheet which is con¬ tinued to explain what properties were involve 1 in the combination and where previous transfers of each are indexed. The responsibility for the maintenance of the index, of course, lies with the sponsor, and assurance that such responsibility is recog¬ nized and will be satisfactorily discharged must be given at the time application is made for the oroject. 12814 SPONSOR This project should be sponsored by the county or municipal office responsible for the recording of real estate conveyances since that office must assume responsibility for the maintenance of the index. Such office may be called the Recorder of Deeds, Register of Deeds, or the recording function may be performed by the County Clerk. - 16 - PEHS310TEL The personnel required for the operation of this project are principally clerks, tynists, and persons with some title searching ex¬ perience. In planning the personnel requirements the following esti¬ mate may he used as a "basis: Abstracting 100 man-hours per 1000 instruments (junior clerks) Locating 100 " " " 11 " (senior clerks) Sorting and 25 " " " " " (junior clerksfor Verifying sorting, -persons with title searching experience for verifying) Preparing Lot 35 man-hours per 1000 instruments (typists) Sheets Assembly of 10 " " " " parcels (junior clerks) Block Books It must be recognized that this estimate of average time required to carry out the various operations may be used only as a guide and that adjustments must be made when applied to any particular locality or set of records. The length and complexity of property des¬ criptions recited in the recorded instruments is subject to extreme variation and must be taken into consideration in determining the time required in the abstracting phase. The difficulties encountered and the time required for the locating and verifying is subject to even greater variation. From the descriptions given, some abstracts may be located in a few seconds while others may require hours before they can be located and fitted into a chain of title. Careful examination of the records to be indexed at the time the project application is prepared will indicate what revisions should be made in these esti¬ mates. - 17 - 12814 - 18 - In addition to the personnel listod a hove, persons with draft¬ ing ability will be required in the preparation of the key block mans. Since the volumes from which the abstracts are prepared are large and heavy and since the project office will probably be located in a dif¬ ferent room, a messenger should be provided to carry the volumes back and forth from the racks and the project office. This will also elimi¬ nate the necessity of too many project workers disturbing the routine business in the sponsor's office. On a large project it would also be desirable to provide for file clerks to keep abstracts and lot sheets in an orderly fashion. If the project is large enough, to permit, one person should be assigned to supervise each phase of the project operation. The project supervisor provided by the sponsor should be a person with administrative ability who is thoroughly familiar with the records and who is experienced in the work of abstracting and title searching. 12814 MATERIALS AMD EQUIPMENT The number of abstract sheets required for the operation of this project is equivalent to the number of instruments to be indexed plus a small percentage extra for instruments which cover more than one parcel of property and for spoilage. The number of index sheets is equi¬ valent to the number of parcels of property. These sheets should be of good quality durable rag paper. If the index is to cover a very long period of time, more than one sheet may be required for some parcels which have been very active, but these should be relatively few in num¬ ber. A binder will be required for every block unless more than one block is bound together. The key block maps are also required for every block. Filing equipment should be provided for the filing of abstract sheets and index sheets which are being carried through the successive stages of the project operation. Typewriters will be required for the typing of the index sheets. Chairs and desks and the usual miscellaneous materials, pencils, erasers, drafting instruments, etc., will also be needed. The working space used should be in close proximity to the record room in the sponsor's office where the official records are kept. - 19 - APPENDIX A Sample Key Block Mop 800 _ 141.67 | 262.5 j" 400 J~~ ~j" ► "J I | I I I I I j_ j_400 j_275 _J 150 J I I ~ I I I I -4 I W. 51 sj ST. 35 40 60 33 r> o> • ° «- ° 1 O O ( O 30 2083 2092 27 77 27 73 27.72 w. I 1 ! I i i i | K3_^ 247 ?! | 50™ ST. I !,fi i . j__ Although reduced here, the key block maps should be the same size as the parcel index sheets used. 12614 APPENDIX P Sara-Die Abstract Card for Deeds DEED Liber Serial No. Lot Page Record date Block Type of Deed GRANTOR GRANTEE Description: Remarks: The sample abstract card for deeds shown above and the cards for mortgages and other encnm.bra.nces on the next cage are in¬ cluded here only for the purpose of illustration. Local practice in recording real esta.te conveyances and th^ manner in which the index is to be arranged may necessitate some revision. The forms used in abstracting should be at least 4x6. A larger card cr sh^ct may be desirable if more space is needed for long property descriptions, or the reverse side may be used for unusually long descriptions. Printed, mimeographed, or otherwise reproduced forms should be used. - 21 - 12814 Sample Abstract C.-.rd for Mortgages MORTGAGE Liber Serial Ho. Lot Page Record date Block MORTGAGOR MORTGAGEE Description: Amount: Remarks: ■ Samnle Abstract Card for Other Encumbrances OTHER ENCUMBRANCE Liber Serial No. Lot Page Record date Block PARTIES Nature of encumbrance : Property description: Remarks: _ pp - #-1278 -23- APPENDIX C SAMPLE INDEX SHEETS o o DEEDS lot block grantor grantee date of record serial no. Liber page remarks MORTGAGES lot block mortgagor mortgagee date of record serial no Liber Page amount remarks O o ENCUMBRANCES other than mortgages lot block parties nature of encumbrance date of record serial no liber page remarks o o note:"the headings for the index sheets shown above are only for the purpose of illustration. the exact form of the index sheet used will depend on local practice in recording conveyances and the amount of information desired in the index the sheet should be a standard size, such as ii x i*, 9 1/4 x i i 7/8, or 6 1/2 x14, so that binders may be purchased commercially." 375658