DE GRUYTER SAUR Kathrin Knautz, Katsiaryna S. Baran ( FACETS C FACEBO( USE AND USERS KNOWLEDGE & INFORMATION I Facets of Facebook Knowledge & Information Studies in Information Science Editor-in-chief Wolfgang G. Stock (Dusseldorf, Germany) Editorial Board Ronald E. Day (Bloomington, Indiana, U.S.A.) Sonja Gust von Loh (Dusseldorf, Germany) - Associate Editor Richard J. Hartley (Manchester, U.K.) Robert M. Hayes (Los Angeles, California, U.S.A.) Peter Ingwersen (Copenhagen, Denmark) Michel J. Menou (Les Rosiers sur Loire, France) Stefano Mizzaro (Udine, Italy) Christian Schltgl (Graz, Austria) Sirje Virkus (Tallinn, Estonia) Facets of Facebook Use and Users Edited by Kathrin Knautz and Katsiaryna S. Baran DE GRUYTER SAUR An electronic version of this book is freely available, thanks to the support of libraries working with Knowledge Unlatched. (U is a collaborative initiative designed to make high quality books Open Access. More information about the initiative and links to the Open Access version can be found at www.knowledgeunlatched.org ISBN 978-3-11-041935-1 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-041816-3 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-041820-0 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 License. For details go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress. Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2016 IKathrin IKnautz and IKatsiaryna S. Baran, publiziert von Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston Typesetting: fidus Publikations-Service GmbH, Nbrdlingen Printing and binding: CPI books GmbH, Leck O Printed on acid-free paper Printed in Germany www.degruyter.com Preface This anthology presents state-of-the-art research pertaining to information science and empirical study on the social network service (SNS) Facebook. Over the past decade, online social networking sites have revolutionized the ways we communicate with our friends, groups, and communities, and have fun- damentally changed how we approach numerous everyday activities. Without a doubt, the technology has introduced new opportunities for understanding social behavior and for building socially intelligent systems and networks. These variations affect modern-day research due to the continuously updated stream of user-generated content and huge amounts of such data posted on and hosted by social media platforms. These phenomena have motivated our assembling the following articles for publication as an anthology. We believe they address the most current informa- tion science interest as regards Facebook. Our ambition in doing so has been to reflect a wide range of study and results concerning our analysis of this SNS with implications for interdisciplinary fields such as the social sciences, law, infor- mation literacy, and history. Our anthology includes original articles on different topics related to Facebook, including such user facets as age, sex, and culture, as well as facets of use, for example, privacy behavior, unfriending on Facebook, Facebook addiction, and perceptions of quality. Nearly every aspect of Facebook use has received careful attention by the authors contributing to this book. The anthology is composed of the following chapters reflecting both uses and users of the SNS, and pays particular attention to the following facets: - Chapter 1: Unfriending. This chapter highlights unfriending behavior on Facebook and the categories of friends most often unfriended on this SNS, the causes prompting one person to unfriend others, and the emotions expe- rienced by both those unfriending and those being unfriended. - Chapter 2: Photo publication. This chapter discusses adolescent image dis- semination behavior on Facebook in terms of age, gender, and privacy set- tings. It especially focuses on the sexting aspect. - Chapter 3: Addiction. This chapter presents methods used to measure Face- book addiction. The authors focus on Facebook addiction scales and factors that may lead to too much as well as addictive Facebook usage. - Chapter 4: Gaming. This chapter examines Facebook social games in con- junction with social interactivity and play experiences as well as the role of game play in players' everyday lives. - Chapter 5: Information literacy. This chapter discusses the level of informa- tion literacy observed in Facebook users and describes users' self-assess- ments concerning their perceptions of information literacy, as well as how VI - Preface they represent, appropriate, and create information. Legal, ethical, and privacy aspects also are considered. - Chapter 6: Privacy. This chapter investigates users' privacy behavior after the data security breach in the United States involving government contractor Edward Snowden. The author investigates whether users are concerned about their online privacy and any actions they take to minimize risks of privacy violations. Additionally, the chapter discusses the "pushback" phenomenon. - Chapter 7: Death and bereavement. This chapter uses of a corpus-based study that compares results found in the international literature investigating con- nections among online elaborations of mourning. It analyzes web-based community pages that include posts and comments regarding the topic of death. - Chapter 8: History. This chapter discusses whether Facebook is a valuable source for historical science, especially for microhistory or "history from below." For such purposes of analysis, informetrics and statistical methods are applied. - Chapter 9: Science communication. This chapter analyzes how research centers and public universities use Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube to make their scientific findings publicly available. Three aspects are measured: pres- ence, connectivity, and intensity. - Chapter 10: Biased user perceptions. This chapter investigates if constructs such as the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) are valid and reliable for SNSs research. The authors detected a bias on quantitative TAM-like surveys, the so-called "standard-dependent user blindness" (SDUB). This finding points out the challenges in gathering unbiased user perceptions on SNSs markets. - Chapter 11: Legal. The concluding chapter focuses on social networking services and the question of whether current European competition law is sufficient to control these new, rapidly evolving developments for providing information. Markets for consumer communication services (CCS) as well as aspects of data privacy are also addressed. We believe the intended audience for this anthology will consist of social media researchers, information scientists, social scientists, and, not least, everyone interested in Facebook-related topics. We imagine readers will bring to their reading of the text a basic knowledge in the area of SNS research and methodol- ogy. We hope this book will lead readers toward a better understanding of social Preface - VII media, and in particular, the myriad facets of Facebook users and their use of the service. Katsiaryna S. Baran and Kathrin Knautz Heinrich Heine University, Department of Information Science Dusseldorf, Germany August 2016  Contents Preface -V Liridona Gashi, IKathrin IKnautz Chapter 1. Unfriending and Becoming Unfriended on Facebook -1 Isabelle Dorsch, Aylin Ilhan Chapter 2. Photo Publication Behavior of Adolescents on Facebook- 45 Sarah Hartmann, Brigitta Wanner Chapter 3. Does Facebook Cause Addiction? An Analysis of German Facebook Users -72 (atharina Kinder-IKurlanda, Michele Willson Chapter 4. Facebook Social Games -94 Tuba Ciftci, IKathrin IKnautz Chapter 5. Information Literacy Levels of Facebook Users -115 IKai Wittig Chapter 6. Privacy in Social Networks After the Global Surveillance Disclosures -146 Agnes Veszelszki, Andrea Parapatics Chapter 7. From Cooperation to Compassion: Death and Bereavement on Social Networking Websites -172 Mechtild Stock Chapter 8. Facebook: A Source for Microhistory? - 210 Lourdes L6pez-P6rez, Maria Dolores Olvera-Lobo Chapter 9. Social Media as Channels for the Public Communication of Science: The Case of Spanish Research Centers and Public Universities -241 IKatsiaryna S. Baran, Wolfgang G. Stock Chapter 10. "Blind as a Bat": Users of Social Networking Services and Their Biased Quality Estimations in TAM-like Surveys - 265 X - Contents Kaja J. Fietkiewicz, Elmar Lins Chapter 11. New Media and New Territories for European Law: Competition in the Market for Social Networking Services - 285 Index -325 Liridona Gashi*, Kathrin Knautz Chapter 1. Unfriending and Becoming Unfriended on Facebook Abstract: When using social networking services, such as Facebook, it is easy to become friends with other users. Unfriending (or defriending) is easy as well, requiring only that a user click on Facebook's "Unfriend" button. This chapter highlights the types of friends who are most often unfriended on Facebook, the role of unfriending in connection with emotions, reasons for unfriending others, and being unfriended by someone. Furthermore, we concentrate on avoiding contact after the act of unfriending. Additionally, we investigate whether hiding and blocking can be interpreted as options for discontinuing contact, as well as why people might choose an alternative to unfriending. We conducted our research using unfriending applications, which demonstrate to the user he or she has been unfriended. The empirical basis of our research consists of 2,201 ques- tionnaires, completed by individuals with Facebook accounts. Keywords: Unfriending, Facebook, Emotions, Reasons for unfriending, Hiding, Blocking, Unfriending apps, Friend, Friendship, Contact avoidance, Unfriending memory Introduction Social networking services (SNSs) have become an inherent part of modern life (Boyd & Ellison, 2007). Behind Google, which is the most visited website, Face- book is the second most visited service in the world with 1.39 billion monthly active users as of the fourth quarter, 2014 (Statista, 2015). On Facebook, users can maintain individual profile pages, connect with others who use Facebook, and visit other users' pages. On SNSs, it is easy to make new "friends." One need only one click (and receive a positive response from the user to whom you sent the friend request) to befriend someone. Equally easy as befriending (friending) someone is the act of unfriending (or defriending). To unfriend someone, all you have to do is go to his or her private page and click the "friends" button followed *Corresponding Author: Liridona Gashi, Department of Information Science, Hein- rich-Heine-University DUsseldorf, Germany, Liridona.Gashi@hhu.de Kathrin Knautz, Department of Information Science, Heinrich-Heine-University DUsseldorf, Germany, IKathrin.Knautz@hhu.de YC © 2016 Liridona Gashi, Kathrin Knautz, published by De Gruyter. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 License. 2 - Liridona Gashi, Kathrin Knautz by the "unfriend" option. In this way, you cancel contact with this Facebook friend. In past years, the website displayed the unfriend button further down the screen, causing the user to scroll to find it, but in the most recent version, the unfriend button is at the top of the page (see Figure 1). Because the button is now readily available, it may result in an increase in unfriending behavior. Mass unfriending (unfriending more than one Facebook friend via one command or click) is still impossible. Yet this shifting of the "unfriend" option toward in the top of Facebook profile pages suggests that Facebook can be used to support the separation between individuals according to research of Fox, Osborn, and Walter (Fox, Osborn, & Warber, 2014). Unfriending can be a sudden disen- gagement (Bevan, Ang, & Fearns, 2014). Unfriending is becoming a frequently used function, with comparisons between 2009 and 2011 revealing more users plying the unfriend button and thus disengaging with some of their Facebook friends (Madden, 2012). The term unfriend originated about 2005, and in 2009, unfriend became word of the year according to the Oxford University Press. The New Oxford Amer- ican Dictionary defines the word as follows: "To remove (someone) from a list of friends or contacts on a social networking website" (Oxford University Press, 2009). The social and physical attractiveness of Facebook friends may influence the unfriending act (Pena & Brody, 2014). Unfriending is considered harsh and impo- lite. Gutierrez, Lopez, and Ovaska (2013) define unfriending as a hard, unsociable activity, a failure of friendship. People unfriend some of their friends on an SNS to establish distance between them. Being unfriended is akin to one person dees- calating a relationship (Bevan, Ang, & Fearns, 2014). A user needs permission if to befriend someone, but unfriending is unilateral; no permission is needed to unfriend another. People do not always notice, at least immediately, they have been unfriended by a former SNS friend. However, if they follow the number of friends they have, they may notice that number has decreased. Alternatively, individuals may search their friendship list for additions or absences and do not find a former contact (Sibona, 2014a). Finally, the user who initiated the friend request is more likely to be unfriended than the one who received and accepted the friendship request (Sibona & Walczak, 2011). Chapter 1. Unfriending and Becoming Unfriended on Facebook - 3 ~ Friends ~ Following Message --- Get Notification s Close Friends Acquaintances Add to another list.. Suggest Friends... Figure 1: Unfriend Button on Facebook. After being unfriended, users tend to avoid future contact with the person who unfriended them (Sibona, 2013). Our study differentiates among reasons for unfriending arising in the digital world ("online reasons") and those emerg- ing from the physical world ("offline reasons"). The main initiators to unfriend someone on Facebook include posting about unimportant topics, categorized as online reasons (Gashi & Knautz, 2015). Reasons someone might be unfriended include, for example, a user dislikes an individual's behavior in the physical world. Users who unfriend others for offline reasons appear to dislike them more than people who unfriend others for online reasons (Sibona & Walczak, 2011). Thus, one can be unfriended for reasons unconnected with online behavior. The main motivation for conducting our study was the absence of empirical findings in the literature (especially on Sibona's studies) concerning the behav- ior and emotions of users who unfriend others. A secondary motivation was to gather quantitative results on the varieties of unfriending behavior to compare them with Sibona's findings (Sibona, 2013; Sibona, 2014a; Sibona, 2014b; Sibona & Walczak, 2011). We will examine whether Facebook users also apply other fea- tures to disengage with someone, such as hiding a person from a News Feed or blocking, instead of unfriending. Furthermore, this investigation examines the factors that predict both offline and online reasons for Facebook users to unfriend their friends on Facebook, the factors that predict the emotional response Face- book users display after being unfriended, and the emotions exhibited when they unfriend others. In addition, we identified the types of friends (e.g., friend of a friend, high school friends, etc.) who are more likely to be unfriended. Finally, we examine unfriending application usage. The cognitive, emotional, and social causes and effects of unfriending are not yet clear, for research is insufficient. Sibona's surveys indicate some reasons for users to unfriend their friends on SNSs, but still other reasons may constitute an impulse for one user to unfriend another. We have found no mention whatsoever that answers how users who actively unfriended some of their friends actually feel afterward. 4 - Liridona Gashi, Kathrin Knautz actively passively unfriending unfriending relation-M moy ship end RQ reasons RQ emotions RQ avoidance RQ Alternati RQ Mepy RQ 2 3 4 ves 5 6 Figure 2: Research Model of Unfriending and Becoming Unfriended on Facebook (Source: Modified from Gashi & Knautz, 2015). To explore these research questions (RQs), an online survey was developed and distributed among German-speaking Facebook users. The questionnaire consists of 23 questions in total. There were 2,201 test subjects who completed the whole questionnaire. Literature Review and Background People form friendships with other individuals because they are rewarding (Wright, 1984). There seems to be a difference between making friends and build- ing friendships in the physical world, however, compared with doing so in the digital sphere (e.g., Facebook). Friendships on Facebook, or in general on SNSs, often represent weak ties between individuals. Strong ties are more likely to be formed in the physical world (West, Lewis, & Currie, 2009). One reason most rela- tionships on SNSs tend to be weak is many people accept friendship requests because it is easier to say "yes" rather than "no" (Boyd, 2006). Young users tend to unfriend Facebook friends more frequently than older Facebook users do (Madden, 2009). Many users consider unfriending to be a harsh act and for this reason, prefer to use the option of hiding other users' posts from being displayed on the news wall rather than unfriending or blocking them (Gutierrez, Lopez, & Ovaska, 2013). Sibona guess that the social etiquette of unfriending is uncertain and for this reason would some user rather hide others' posts from being dis- played than unfriend them (Sibona, 2014); furthermore, users who initiated the Chapter 1. Unfriending and Becoming Unfriended on Facebook - 5 friend request seem to be unfriended more often than those who accepted the request (Sibona, 2013). Reasons for ending a relationship in the digital world differ from those experi- enced in the physical world (Quercia, Bogaghi, & Crowcroft, 2012). We found that relationships embedded in different social circles are more likely to end if friends differ too much in age or if one of them is neurotic or introverted. Women tend to unfriend their SNS friends more than men do. Of women, 67% said they have deleted someone from their network, compared with 58% of men. Furthermore, more women use privacy settings to protect their private information (Madden, 2012). Social attractiveness is a main predictor of the intent to unfriend someone. This means that people who possess high levels of social attractiveness are less likely to be unfriended than those with low social attractiveness. Thus, the intent to unfriend is a perceptual and behavioral process (Pena & Brody, 2014). When Facebook users are unfriended by someone, they tend to interpret the unfriend- ing act as negative (Bevan, Pfyl, & Barclay, 2012) and as an expectancy violation (Bevan, Ang, & Fearns, 2014). Friendship Dissolution SNSs support individuals in both maintaining existing social ties and in forming new connections. Individuals mostly use Facebook to keep in touch with old friends (mainly high school friends and acquaintances) and to establish or pursue new connections (Ellison et al., 2007). The process of online friendships is similar to forming friendships in the real world, with the difference that Facebook keeps a record of who initially reached out to whom, such as the visible request (Sibona & Walczak, 2011). Sibona and Walczak presumed the links between users on Facebook, which are visible, make it difficult to end a relationship online. This explains why unfriending on Face- book may signal to other users that the relationship between the dyad is over (Sibona & Walczak, 2011). When a user unfriends someone (actively) on their SNS, the two people will be more certain who initiated the friendship request. In the case of being unfriended by someone Facebook friend, the unfriended person will be insecure who initiated the friendship request. Those who initiates the request are being more unfriended than those who accepted it. Individuals who are on the receiving end of a friendship request are more likely to unfriend others (Sibona & Walczak, 2011). Young people who use Facebook have on average, 300 Facebook friends, mostly people they know from school, family members, friends who attend a dif- ferent school, brothers and sisters, and parents. People whom users never meet 6 - Liridona Gashi, Kathrin Knautz in person, teachers, coaches, and famous personages are not very likely to be friended (Madden, 2013). The end of Facebook relationships often can be predicted by whether dyads are embedded in the same circle of friends, whether there is an age difference, or whether one of them is introverted or neurotic. Dyads sharing a common female friend are not so likely to be desolate over the unfriended, com- pared with those who have a common male friend (Quercia et al., 2012). Sibona was able to categorize the types of friends who are unfriended by indi- viduals, as well as those types who do the unfriending. The majority of unfriend- ing affects the following categories: friends from high school (18.6%), others (12.5%), friends of a friend (11.7%), and work (10.5%). Individuals are mostly unfriended by high school friends (16.3%), common interest friends (13.5%), college (11.7), and coworkers (11.2%). These categories of friend types are those most likely to either be unfriended or unfriend others. In both cases, the high school friend is the one who tends to be unfriended the most and who unfriends others the most (Sibona, 2014a). These observations lead to our first research question (RQ): RQ1a: Which kind(s) of friends do you unfriend mostly? RQ1b: Is the termination of a friendship on Facebook also the end of the friend- ship in the real world? RQ1c: Are offline friends more important to you than online friends? Reasons for Unfriending Facebook postings that put a strain on the relationship, or messages that cast a shadow on the receiver or reveal contempt for other users are associated with the intent to unfriend a sender. In addition, when someone sends status updates threatening the receiver's concept of self and beliefs, the latter's intent to unfriend the sender grows stronger (Pena & Brody, 2014). Yet the act of unfriend- ing can be caused by real world events as well as those in the digital world. Sibona and Walczak (2011) discuss different reasons, categorized as online and offline. The largest number of survey respondents (55%) noted they unfriended former friends for online reasons. Among the highest scores of online reasons for unfriending are unimportant topics (62%), inappropriate topics (36%), and posting frequency (33%). Sibona and Walczak (2011) found that 28 % of survey respondents unfriended some SNSs friends in response to offline behaviors. Offline reasons for unfriend- ing included personality (70 %), behavior (62%), and misdeeds (57%). Individ- uals who stated they unfriended another user for offline reasons indicated they Chapter 1. Unfriending and Becoming Unfriended on Facebook - 7 disliked a friend's behavior or had experienced a change in the relationship, meaning a geographic relocation or a romantic relationship's end. In contrast to individuals who have known each other briefly, people who have known each other for a long time are more likely to unfriend each other due to excessive posting on often polarizing topics. As the length of a dyadic friendship increases, the likelihood for citing offline reasons as causes for unfriending (e.g., misdeeds, dislikes, etc.) increases as well. From this observation, our second RQ arises: RQ2a: For which online reasons do Facebook users unfriend some friends? RQ2b: For which offline reasons do Facebook users unfriend some friends? Emotional Response For users who have been unfriended, the event may have actual negative emo- tional consequences (Bevan, Pfyl, & Barclay, 2012). If the unfriended party can identify the user who did the unfriending, the one unfriended may ponder the act more deeply and experience a feeling of rejection or sadness. If unfriended, individuals who spend a significant amount of time on Facebook often will feel more negatively affected and tend to ruminate longer over the experience. Fur- thermore, they will reflect on how they present themselves and how others online are perceived them. In addition, results from a 2012 study by Pfyl and Barclay demonstrate that being unfriended by a close friend - such as former friends from the physical world, for example, family members or romantic partners - carries more cognitive weight than being unfriended by distant friends. Rumina- tion and negative emotional responses can also occur when users are unfriended by someone to whom they initially sent the friendship request, because it causes them to wonder why the other person accepted the request at all. In his study, Sibona investigated factors predicting the presence and nature of a user's emotional response to being unfriended on Facebook. Sibona's research suggests individuals' emotions (for example, botheration, sadness, surprise, or amusement) after losing a connection depend on four factors. The first factor is how highly a person valued the peak of the relationship - individuals who had a high peak in their relationship tend to be more negatively affected by its loss. The second factor is the level of network vigilance - users who spend more time online are more likely to be negatively affected when they are unfriended by someone. The third factor is the discussion within the dyad prior to the event - users who discuss the unfriending act before it occurs are less likely to be negatively affected by it. Finally, the fourth factor is any discussion occurring 8 - Liridona Gashi, Kathrin Knautz after the act of unfriending - users who discuss the unfriending act afterward to each other are less likely to be negatively affected by it. Surprise is the most common emotion users experience by the act of unfriending. According to Sibona's research results, 73% of users react in a sur- prised manner when they see they have been unfriended. Slightly more than half (51.7 %) expressed they were saddened by being unfriended, and 64.6% were amused they had been unfriended (Sibona, 2014b). From this observation, we formulate our third RQ: RQ3a: What is the user's emotional response after being (passively) unfriended on Facebook? RQ3b: What is the user's emotional response after (actively) unfriending others on Facebook? Avoiding Contact The study by McEwan, Gallagher, and Farinelli (2008) found the main reason for friendship dissolution is purposeful avoidance; meaning, people reduce their communications with a former friend and seek to avoid further contact. Some Facebook users do not like to meet other users who have unfriended them. More than 40% of respondents in Sibona's (2013) survey want to avoid future contact with those who unfriended them because seeing the person after having been unfriended would be uncomfortable (Sibona, 2013). Avoiding contact after being unfriended depends on different factors. Sib- ona's (2013) research results present six factors that can predict whether a user will want to avoid future contact with those who have unfriended them on Face- book. The first factor is the discussion that occurs after unfriending (similar to the factors of emotional response). The second is the emotional bond experienced with the unfriending person. The third is the offline behavior of the one being unfriended. The fourth concerns the perceived geographical distance between the two people. The fifth is any discussion that occurred between the two people prior to the unfriending event. The six is the evaluation of the relationship's strength. From these factors, we formulate a fourth RQ: RQ4a: Do users avoid real-life contact after being (passively) unfriended on Face- book? RQ4b: Do users avoid real-life contact with those they have (actively) unfriended on Facebook? Chapter 1. Unfriending and Becoming Unfriended on Facebook - 9 Blocking and Hiding Options for Unfriending Hiding, or unfollowing, along with unfriending, is an online strategy employed to avoid contact with others and move toward dissolving relations (Pena & Brody, 2014). Hiding on Facebook is as easy as unfriending. A user can hide all stories from another user, a page, or a group, which means unfriending is not the only method to exclude one's information from others. When one user hides another, the latter will not be notified about being unfriended. It may be less hurtful to be hidden, in contrast to being unfriended. To hide (unfollow) someone, imagine User One (a girl) elects to hide away her information from User Two (a boy). She navigates to his individual page, and clicks the "Follow" button, followed by the "Unfollow" button (see Figure 3a), which unfollowing User Two (him) from User One's (her) news wall. The button for hiding (unfollowing) is found at the top of the page, next to the Unfriend button. In addition, a user can hide a single post appearing in her or his news wall (see Figure 3b). Unfollowing a post, a Facebook group, or a specific person is one method to hide away one's information or one's online self. It is also possible to cease contact with another user without the finality implied by unfriending or unfollowing. Again, imagine User One (a girl) wants to deactivate notifications received from User Two (a boy). User One navigates to User Two's page, clicks on the "Friends" button, then clicks on the "Get Notifica- tions" button. This process requires no additional confirmation from User One. User Two's notifications will no longer appear on her timeline whenever he posts something new; however, his icon will continue to appear in her newsfeed. A user also can hide certain posts, which is another option to block information being transmitted other users (see Figure 3c). Friends - V Folowing . x Untollow xy See First p Report photo Ssave post Turn on notifications 'or this post V Default Moore options a) Unfollowing b) Hide a Post Figure 3: Unfollowing and Hiding Buttons on Facebook. Vi Friends ..' Following . c: Close Friends Acquaintances Add to another list. Suggest Friends Unfriend c) Deactivating Notifications 10 - Liridona Gashi, Kathrin Knautz , Foliwnm " Message -.+ More