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/ 
 
 OFFICIAL MANUAL 
 
 / .L 
 
 OF THE 
 
 V 
 
 World's Columbian Commission 
 
 CONTAINING 
 
 The Minutes and other Official Data of the Commission from 
 THE Date of its Organization, June 26, 1890, to the Close 
 of its Third Session, November 26, 1890, including 
 Information in Reference to the Chicago 
 Directory of the World's Colum- 
 bian Exposition, Etc. 
 
 o 
 
 Chicago: 
 rand, mcnally & company. 
 
 i8qo. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 PAGE. 
 
 Act ok Congress Creating World's Columbian Commission 359 
 
 Alphabetical List of Commissioners, with Committees to Which They 
 
 Have Been Assigned 335 
 
 Alternate Commissioners — 
 
 Duties -and powers of; Mr. Hodges' resolution referred 29 
 
 Duties and powers of; Mr. Waller's resolution adopted 49 
 
 Decision of First Comptroller of Treasury as to expenses and per diem of . . . 60 
 
 To serve on Executive Committee in absence of principals 97 
 
 To serve on all committees in absence of principals 104 
 
 Auditing Committee — 
 
 Report of 223 
 
 Adopted 264 
 
 Duties of 250 
 
 Supplementary report adopted 307 
 
 Awards, Sub-Committee on — 
 
 ' Report of 250 
 
 Adopted ■ 266 
 
 Supplementary report 265 
 
 Board of Control and Management of the United States Government 
 
 Exhibit 357 
 
 Board of Lady Managers 349 
 
 Board of Reference and Controi 334 
 
 By-Laws of the Commission 319 
 
 Chairman, Temporary — 
 
 Nomination and election of 5 
 
 Chicago Directory — 
 
 (See World's Columbian Exposition Directory). 
 
 Ceremonies — 
 
 Report of Committee on 167, 254 
 
 Classification — 
 
 Committee on created 109 
 
 System of, Prof. G. Brown Goode 77 
 
 Suggestions of Robert P. Porter 77 
 
 Suggestions of Prof. Thomas Wilson , 77 
 
 Report of Committee on, . 183 
 
 Adopted 221 
 
 i 
 
ii Index. 
 
 Commission — i'Ac-.e. 
 
 Expenses of; detailed report of Secretary 184 
 
 Powers and duties of; report of Select Committee on 241 
 
 Adopted 244 
 
 Powers and duties of; report of Joint Conference Committee on 274 
 
 Adopted 277 
 
 No member to hold salaried office or draw other pay than expenses and sub- 
 sistence. (See By-Laws, Article Eighteenth) 300 
 
 Committees of the Local Directory 366 
 
 Council Chamber — 
 
 Commission meets in 85 
 
 Thanks for use of 86 
 
 Credentials — 
 
 State Department roll adopted 6 
 
 Departments, Executive — 
 
 Organization of 179 
 
 Report of Judiciary Committee on 293 
 
 Fixed by By-Laws. (See Article Tenth.) 294 
 
 Depew, cm., Com.viissioner — 
 
 Telegram of Commission to 31 
 
 Director-Gen eral — 
 
 Duties and powers, resolutions and debate on. (See By-Laws) 16, 23, 24 
 
 Mr. Bromberg's vote on . . . . 23 
 
 Mr. Groner's resolution regarding nomination and election of 86 
 
 Mr. Way's resolution regarding same > 96 
 
 Mr. Widener's resolution regarding same 100 
 
 Recommendation of Col. Geo. R. Davis by the Chicago Directory 104 
 
 Endorsed by the Executive Committee 104 
 
 Minority report on 105 
 
 Debate on . , , 113 
 
 Election of Col. Geo, R. Davis as Director-General .119. 120 
 
 Thanks of Chicago Directory for 123 
 
 Report of, to Executive Committee 161 
 
 Appointments by 165 
 
 State Organization, suggestive plan for 180 
 
 Executive Committee — 
 
 Powers of 89 
 
 Alternates to serve on 97 
 
 Vice-Chairman of, and salary 133 
 
 By-Law adopted providing for same 139 
 
 J. A. McKenzie elected Vice-Chairman 140 
 
 Report of (third session) 153 
 
 By-Laws of 160 
 
 Report amended and adopted 263 
 
 Report on powers and duties of Board of Lady Managers 287 
 
 Minority report (Mr. Williams) 289 
 
 Referred to Finance Committee 2S9 
 
 Expenses of Commission — 
 
 Detailed report of Secretary 184 
 
 Finance Committkp: — 
 
 Report on pay of Lady Managers and salary of their Secretary 303 
 
 Amended and adopted 305 
 
 \ 
 
Index. iii 
 
 Foreign Affairs Committee — i'\ge 
 
 Expenses of 202 
 
 Report of 203 
 
 Appropriation of $20,000 for 208 
 
 Report of adopted 2-10 
 
 Report on Spanish American Bureau 267 
 
 Accepted and referred 27-1 
 
 Forestry and Lumber, Committee on — 
 
 Created , „ 
 
 30 
 
 Grounds and Buildings, Committee on — 
 
 Constituted (and see By-Laws) j .^ 
 
 Report of 209 
 
 Debate 228 
 
 Adoption 230 
 
 Submits plans and specifications of proposed buildings 270 
 
 Accepted „q(^ 
 
 Hampton Roads — 
 
 Naval rendezvous in 2q 
 
 Resolutions of Norfolk, Va. , Chamber of Commerce 3^ 
 
 Headquarters — 
 
 Committee on Permanent created jo 
 
 Report of -2 
 
 Judiciary, Rules, and By-Laws, Committee on — 
 
 Report of, on rights, duties, and powers ^i 
 
 Debate on g- 
 
 On Rules of Order, etc ,,q 
 
 On By Laws gQ 
 
 On Lady Managers q- 
 
 On salaries of officers, and letter of the Secretary of Treasury 256 
 
 Unanimously adopted 2Kq 
 
 Report of amending By-Laws to conform to joint conference report 293 
 
 Adopted 2Q^ 
 
 Lady Managers, Board of — 
 
 List of 3^g 
 
 Report on j_ j_j 
 
 Constitution of 28 
 
 Pay of; resolution of Mr. Strong oj 
 
 Commissions for <,2 
 
 Powers and duties of; report of Sub-Committee of Permanent Organization on. 75 
 
 Powers and duties of; report of Executive Committee 28- 
 
 Resolutions of regarding Chief of Department of Fine Arts 264 
 
 Pay of and salary of Secretary ^q- 
 
 Supplies, printing, etc. ; allowance for ' 306 
 
 Officers of . . . ^ ,g 
 
 Legislation, Committee on — 
 
 Constitution of „ 1 
 
 . 94 
 
 Duties of, and payment of expenses , ^08 
 
 List of Officers, Commissioners, and Alternates 3,1 
 
 List of Standing Committees and Their Officers 320 
 
 List of Lady Managers and Alternates 3.q 
 
iv Index. 
 
 Local DiRECTt)kv — page. 
 
 (See World's Columbian Exposition Directory.) 
 
 Manufactures, Committkk on — 
 
 Report of 23C 
 
 Mining Exhihit — 
 
 Underground, proposition for 47, 178 
 
 Report of Suh-Committce on 76 
 
 Minutes, Official — 
 
 Ordered printed daily iS 
 
 And delivered to members at or before 7 a. m 123 
 
 Minutes of First Session 5 
 
 Minutes of Second Session 55 
 
 Minutes of Third Session 151 
 
 Officers, Permanent — 
 
 Report on and election of 10, 11, 12 
 
 Salaries of, referred to Judiciary Committee S7 
 
 Debate on 95 
 
 Official Directory of the Commission — 
 
 Ordered printed 2S 
 
 Official Manual of the Commission — 
 
 Ordered to be printed g6 
 
 Order of Business 311 
 
 Organization of Commission — 
 
 Notification to Chicago Board : iq 
 
 Penalty Envelope — 
 
 Privilege of using requested by resolution of Mr. Clagett 262 
 
 Permanent Organization — 
 
 Appointment of Committee on .- , . 10 
 
 Committee's first report of, on officers 11 
 
 Report on Vice-Presidents, Director-General, and Standing Committees. . . .15, 16 
 
 On Lady Managers I7, 22 
 
 Additional report on Committees 33. 41 
 
 To print 1,000 copies of report 42 
 
 Sub-Committee of, appointment and meeting 4S 
 
 Report of, at second session 63 
 
 On officers and committees '. . . 67 
 
 Committee discharged 84 
 
 " Pine I'alace," resolution of Mr, Bromberg proposing 132 
 
 Powers and Duties of Commission and Chicago Directory — 
 
 Joint Conference Committee on constituted 244 
 
 Report of '. 274 
 
 Adoptetl 277 
 
 President of the Commission — 
 
 Election of Thomas W. Palmer, and address 11 
 
 Member of Executive Committee, ex officio 31 
 
 Address at opening of third session 152 
 
 President of hie United States — 
 
 Notice to, that the Commission was organized iS 
 
Tiidex. V 
 
 Printing, Committee on — i-ac;e. 
 Report of 237 
 
 Queen Isabella Society — 
 
 Communication from 10 
 
 Communication from a-^ 
 
 Rules of Order and Procedure 313 
 
 Salaries of Officers. (See By Laws 11, 15) — 
 
 Debate on 244 
 
 Letter of the Secretary of Treasury regarding referred to Judiciary Committee 244 
 
 Seal, Off-icial — 
 
 To be affixed to all oflkial documents and attested by Secretary 277 
 
 By-Law adopting 277 
 
 Secretary — • 
 
 Election of J2 
 
 Report of, second session c6 
 
 Report approved q5 
 
 Report to Executive Committee iy2 
 
 Report to Commission, on expenses 184 
 
 Secretary, Temporary — 
 
 Nomination and election of 5 
 
 Site for Exposition — 
 
 Resolution of Mr. Bullock 20 
 
 Visit to Jackson Park 18 
 
 Visit to Garfield and other Parks 21, 29 
 
 Resolution of Mr. Sewell 22 
 
 Resolution of Mr. Martindale to adopt 3(^ 
 
 Debate on j^2 4-1 
 
 Resolution of Mr. liutt to reject 43 
 
 Lost ,^ 
 
 Opmion of South Park Commissioners and Engineers 44 
 
 Eirst vote on ; ayes and noes . - 
 
 Resolution of Chicago Board, September gth 58 
 
 Resolution of Mr. Mercer for a single site loi 
 
 Debate and action on; ayes and noes . loi, 102 
 
 Report of Chicago Directory on, and documents relating thereto 113 
 
 Referred jjq 
 
 Made special order (ayes and noes) 130 
 
 Resolutions of Chicago Directory and South Park Commissioners 135 
 
 Report of Select Conference Committee adopted 137, 138 
 
 Washington Park and Midway Plaisance approved 146 
 
 Standing Committees — 
 
 List and members of 320 
 
 Report on powers and duties 16 
 
 I^ebateon 24, 25, 26, 27 
 
 Announcement of appointments loe 
 
 To establish headquarters, etc j j- 
 
 Expenditures by, etc ,^- 
 
 Directed to confer with Committees of Chicago Directory on cognate subjects. 146 
 States' Association — 
 
 Banquet of 
 
 Resolutions on ,^ 
 
 19 
 
vi Index, 
 
 Stenographic Report of Proceedings of Commission — page. 
 
 Dispensed with 40 
 
 Ordered made 77 
 
 Stevenson, Governor C. C. — 
 
 Resolutions on death of 132 
 
 Sunday Closing — 
 
 Resolution by Mr. Strong 144 
 
 Referred to Executive Committee 145 
 
 Report of Secretary on letters regarding. ... 309 
 
 Instructions of Commission 310 
 
 Tariffs and Transportation Committee — 
 
 Report of 269 
 
 The Act of Congress Creating the Commission, Etc 359 
 
 The Order of Business 311 
 
 Titles and Local Facilities, Committee on — 
 
 Created 45 
 
 Preliminary report 96 
 
 Report on proposed sites 124 
 
 Adopted 127 
 
 Traffic Manager — 
 
 Appointment of E. E. Jaycox 165 
 
 Correspondence regarding 189 
 
 Treasury Department, Decisions of — 
 
 Case of E. M. Smith 57, 59 
 
 On pay and subsistence of Alternate Commissioners 60, 62 
 
 World's Columbian Exposition Directory 365 
 
 By-Laws of 367 
 
 Financial condition of 290 
 
 Resolution of Mr. Bromberg 20 
 
 Report of Committee on 36 
 
 Committee of, to explain site 43 
 
 Resolution of Mr. Brainard 49 
 
 Approving its work 1 38 
 
 Special Committee on Finances of 290 
 
 Members 365 
 
 Standing Committees of 366 
 
OFFICIAL MINUTES 
 
 OF THE 
 
 World's Columbian Commission 
 
 First Session — First Day, Thursday, June 26, 1890. 
 
 The World's Columbian Commission was called to order this day in ^J^ft Meet- 
 
 •' ing. i nurs- 
 
 the City of Chicasro, at 12 o'clock noon, by Commissioner Adlai T. Ewing, SMm"*^^ 
 
 ^ ** ' ' -^ ^'12 o'clock. 
 
 of Illinois, at the request of the Department of State. 
 
 Prayer by the Rev. Dr. John H. Barrows, of Chicago. 
 
 Mr. Deere, of Illinois, nominated Mr. Harris, of Virginia, as Temporary Temporary 
 Chairman. ^^^^"^"• 
 
 Mr. Cochran, of Texas, seconded the nomination. 
 
 Mr. Harris was unanimously elected Temporary Chairman, and on 
 assuming the chair, made the following address: 
 
 Gentlemen of the Commission: By authority of the Act ^^'^^tmllrit^ 
 Congress, approved April 25, 1890, and the subsequent act of the c^»^^^™*°- 
 Secretary of the United States, you assemble here to-day to organize 
 the World's Columbian Commission, for the purpose of celebrating the 
 400th anniversary of that unparalleled historic event — the discovery of 
 America in the year 1492. 
 
 Prior thereto, America, which now shows the world the way to 
 human enlightenment and human liberty, was unknown to civilization. 
 For centuries the people of the Old World had labored in the formation 
 of governments, the establishment of kingdoms, the creation of thrones, 
 and the cultivation of the arts and sciences, not knowing, not dreaming 
 that toward the setting sun there was a world— the balance power and 
 equilibrium of the universe. 
 
 It was for the Italian, Christopher Columbus, to discover and the 
 Anglo-Saxon to develop the new land, and in the brief space of 400 
 
 5 
 
6 Worl(T s Columhian Commi fusion. 
 
 First ses- ygars to make America the greatest, the wisest, and the best on earth. 
 ^*^- [Applause.] Then it is befitting that the great event, which under the 
 providence of God has been of such transcendent good to mankind, 
 should be duly solemnized and celebrated by a grateful people. It was 
 befitting that the United States should inaugurate the movement. It was 
 befitting that the infant city by the lake should be the place— befitting 
 because her phenomenal growth, the result of the energy and the brain 
 of her people, is typical of the growth of this great country. Its found- 
 ers have lived to see it the third city among English-speaking people. 
 Neither storm, nor tempest, nor fire, nor sword could retard her progress. 
 Her motto has been, " Never despair;" but onward and upward has been 
 her course, until to-day the world's history presents no rival — no parallel. 
 [Applause.] 
 
 With such people as these this Commission are to join hands to 
 make the coming celebration worthy of the thought that conceived it, 
 of the magnitude of the event it celebrates, and to make it like the city 
 in which it is neld, without an equal now or for a century to come. 
 
 Gentlemen of the Commission, we must steadily bear in mind that 
 while we are at the helm directing the course of the ship the people of 
 Chicago are at the oars — that they are the motive power, and that to 
 succeed perfect harmony of thought and action must be our guiding star. 
 Let no thought of section, party, or self be your governing motive, but 
 let us all with one heart join hands with the local authorities with a firm, 
 determined, and inflexible purpose, by the help of God, make this, the 
 coming celebration, the greatest of modern times. [Long applause.] 
 
 Mr. Price, of Kansas, was unanimously elected Temporary Secretary. 
 On motion of Mr. Martin, of Nebraska, Messrs. W. E. Curtis and H. 
 Howe, of the State Department, were made assistant secretaries. 
 
 Mr. McKenzie, of Kentucky, moved that the roll of Commissioners 
 be called, as furnished by the gentlemen representing the Department of 
 State, and that said roll be regarded as the authentic and official roll of 
 the members of this Commission. 
 The motion was carried. 
 Roll-call. The call of the roll was then proceeded with, the following Commis- 
 
 sioners responding as present: 
 commis- Alabama — Oscar R. Hundley, Fred. G. Rromberg; G. L. Werth, 
 
 Bloners and 
 
 I'S^t alternate. 
 
 ii|. ™^^ " Arkansas — John D. Adams, Lafayette Gregg; T. H. Leslie, 
 alternate. 
 
 California — M H. de Young, William Forsyth. 
 
 Colorado — Fred J. V. Skiff, Roswell E. Goodell. 
 Connecticut — Leverett Brainard, Thomas M, Waller. 
 
Minutes of the First Session. 7 
 
 Delaware — Willard Hall Porter, George V. Massey. First ses- 
 
 ' * "^ 8lon— First 
 
 Florida — Richard Turnbull, Joseph Hirst. ^^^' 
 
 Georgia — Charlton H. Way, Lafayette McLaws. 
 
 Illinois — Charles H. Deere, Adlai T. Ewing; L. Funk, alternate. 
 
 Indiana — Elijah B. Martindale, Thomas E. Garvin; W. E. McLean, 
 alternate. 
 
 Iowa — W. I. Buchanan, William F. King. 
 
 Kansas — Reese R. Price, Charles K. Holliday, Jr. 
 
 Kentucky — John Bennett, James A. McKenzie; D. N. Comingore, 
 alternate. 
 
 Louisiana — Davidson B. Penn, Thomas J. Woodward. 
 
 Maine — Augustus R. Bixby, William J. Davis. 
 
 Maryland — James Hodges. 
 
 Massachusetts — Francis W. Breed, Thomas E. Proctor. 
 
 Michigan — M. Henry Lane, Charles H. Richmond; Geo. H. Bar- 
 bour, alternate. 
 
 Minnesota — M. B. Harrison, O. V. Tousley. 
 
 Mississippi — Robert L. Saunders, Joseph M. Bynum. 
 
 Missouri — C. H. Jones, T. B. Bullene. 
 
 Montana — Lewis H. Hershfield, A. H. Mitchell. 
 
 Nebraska — Albert G. Scott, Euclid Martin; John Lauterbach, 
 alternate. 
 
 Nevada — James W. Haines, George Russell. 
 
 New Hampshire — Charles D. McDuffie. 
 
 New Jersey — Thomas Smith, William J. Sewell. 
 
 New York — John Boyd Thacher. 
 
 North Carolina — A. B. Andrews, Thomas B. Keogh. 
 
 North Dakota — Hamline P. Rucker, Martin Ryan; Chas. H. Stan- 
 ley, alternate. 
 
 Ohio — William Ritchie, Harvey P. Piatt. 
 
 Oregon — Henry Klippel, M. Wilkins. 
 
 Pennsylvania — William McClelland. 
 
 Rhode Island — Lyman B. Goff, Gardiner C. Sims. 
 
 South Carolina — J. C. Coit. 
 
 South Dakota — William Mclntyre, M. H. Day. 
 
 Tennessee — Thomas L. Williams, L. T. Baxter; A. B. Hurt, alter- 
 nate. 
 
 Texas — John T. Dickinson, Archelaus M. Cochran. 
 
 Vermont — H. Henry Mclntyre, Bradley B. Smalley. 
 
8 World's Columbian Commission, 
 
 ^I^n-nrst ViRGiNlA—John T. Harris. 
 
 Day. 
 
 Washington — Charles B. Hopkins, Henry Drum. 
 
 West Virginia — J. W. St. Clair, James D. Butt. 
 
 Wisconsin — Philip Allen, Jr., John L. Mitchell. 
 
 Arizona — George F. Coats, William Zeckendorf; H. H. Logan, 
 alternate. 
 
 District of Columbia — Alexander T. Britton, Albert A. Wilson. 
 
 Idaho — George A. Manning. 
 
 Oklahoma — J. D. Miles, Othniel Beeson. 
 
 New Mexico — Richard Mansfield White, Thomas C. Gutierres. 
 
 Utah — Patrick H. Lannan. 
 
 Wyoming — Asahel C. Beckwith, Henry G. Hay; A. S. Mercer, 
 alternate. 
 
 Commissioners-at-Large — Augustus H. Bullock, of Massachusetts; 
 Thomas W\ Palmer, of Michigan; Richard C. Kerens, of Missouri; 
 Peter A. B. Widener, of Pennsylvania; Henry Exall, of Texas; Mark L. 
 McDonald, of California; Wm. Lindsay, of Kentucky; Gorton W. Allen, 
 of New York. 
 
 The following alternates responded, upon the roll-call of their 
 respective States, in the absence of their principals: 
 
 New York — James H. Breslin. 
 
 Pennsylvania — John K. Hallock. 
 
 South Carolina — E. L. Roche. 
 
 Virginia — Charles A. Heermans. 
 
 Utah — William M. Ferry. 
 
 At the call of Mr. Woodward, Mr. Penn, of Louisiana, stated that 
 Mr. Woodward expected to arrive this morning, but owing to the delay 
 of trains on the railroad, he was unable to be here. 
 
 On the call of South Carolina, the name of Mr. Butler was called, 
 and he being absent, the name of Mr. E. L. Roche, his alternate, was 
 called, and he responded. 
 
 Mr. Kiesel, of Utah, being absent, his alternate, Mr. Ferry, who was 
 present, answered in his stead, and his name was placed on the roll. 
 
 A telegram was received and read stating that Mr. Exall, one of the 
 Commissioners-at-Large, would arrive this evening. 
 
 Credentials. The Temporary Chairman stated that, upon the suggestion of the 
 
 ment"'roii gentleman from Kentucky (Mr. McKenzie) the appointment of a Commit- 
 
 inade offi- 
 cial- tee on Credentials would be dispensed with, and that the reading of the 
 
Mimdes of the First Session. 9 
 
 ■official roll by the direction of the Secretary of State shall be taken as First sea- 
 
 •' •' slon— First 
 
 authentic evidence of the membership of the Commission, and the Chair ^*^' 
 holds, unless objection be made, that it is the will of the Commission 
 that the names called and entered by the Secretary be regarded as the 
 official list of members of this Commission. 
 
 There being no objection, it was so decided. 
 
 Mr. McKenzie, of Kentucky, offered the following resolution, which 
 was read: 
 
 Resolved, That a Committee on Permanent Organization, composed ^on"pirma- 
 of twelve, be appointed by the Chair, m the spirit of the act of Congress, ganizSon. 
 to recommend to this Commission the names of permanent offices for 
 this Commission, to consist of a President, Secretary, and as many Vice- 
 Presidents as the Committee deem proper, and define their duties; and 
 they shall further report what standing committees should be appointed, 
 and the duties and the powers of each. 
 
 Mr. Hundley, of Alabama, moved, as an amendment, after the words 
 ^*to be composed of twelve members," to insert the following: "to be 
 ■composed of twelve, three from each of the four sections of the United 
 States." 
 
 The motion was seconded. After some discussion, Mr. Hundley 
 withdrew his amendment. 
 
 Mr." McDonald, of California, seconded the resolution offered by Mr. 
 McKenzie. 
 
 Mr. Waller, of Connecticut, moved to lay the resolution upon the 
 table. 
 
 Mr McKenzie moved to strike out the word " President " from the 
 resolution. 
 
 After considerable discussion, the resolution, with motions referring 
 thereto, was withdrawn, and the following was offered in lieu thereof: 
 
 Resolved, That a Committee on Permanent Organization, consisting of consists of 
 twelve, be appointed by the Chair in the spirit of the act of Congress, to "I'^^nbers. 
 recommend a list of permanent offices necessary to the proper conduct of 
 this Commission, and to define the duties pertaining to the same; and they 
 shall further report what standing committees should be appointed, and 
 the duties and powers of each. 
 
 Mr. Britton, of the District of Columbia, moved to amend the resolu- 
 tion by inserting after the word "offices" the words "and officers," and 
 also to add to the latter part of the resolution the words, " to report also a 
 plan and scope of this Exposition. 
 
10 World) s Columbian Commission. 
 
 :^i scs- These amendments were, after discussion, laid upon the table. 
 
 .oil— First ' ^ 
 
 ^"^' The question recurring upon the resolution, it was unanimously 
 
 Adopted, adopted. 
 Members of The Chair appointed, as the Committee on Permanent Orsranization. 
 
 till' Com- 1 I- ? o > 
 
 Vvnnan^c^t Messrs. McKenzie, of Kentucky; Ewing, of Illinois; McDonald, of Cali- 
 tioD. fornia; Smalley, of Vermont; Cochran, of Texas; Kerens, of Missouri; 
 
 Widener, of Pennsylvania; Goodell, of Colorado; Breslin, of New York; 
 
 Martindale, of Indiana; Harrison, of Minnesota; Keogh, of North 
 
 Carolina. 
 
 ^sTSu- ^" motion of Mr. Kerens, Lieutenant^Colonel H. C. Corbin, U. S. A.^ 
 
 was requested to act as Sergeant-at-Arms until the permanent organization 
 was effected. 
 
 Committee Qn motion of Mr. Goodell, the Chair was instructed to appoint a 
 
 the Com- committee of three to inquire and report to the Commission recommend- 
 
 mission. 
 
 ing suitable rooms for its use. Messrs. Goodell, of Colorado; Deere, of 
 Illinois, and Way, of Georgia, were appointed. 
 
 The Commission then adjourned to meet Friday, June 27, 1890, at 
 10 o'clock a. m. 
 
 First Session — Second Day, Friday, June 27, 1890. 
 
 First ses- The Commission met pursuant to adjournment, with Temporary 
 
 sec(>nd Chairman Harris, of Virginia, in the chair. 
 
 The Chairman decided that a quorum was present, and stated that, 
 on account of the heat, the roll-call would be dispensed with, if there was 
 no objection. There being none, it was so ordered. 
 
 On motion, the reading of the minutes was dispensed with, and the 
 Chairman announced that the first business before the Commission 
 would be the report of the Committee on Permanent Organization. 
 Report of Mr. McKcuzie, of Kentucky, Chairman of the Committee on Perma- 
 
 th(! Com- ' -^ 
 
 Ivmian^ent nent Organization, submitted the following report: 
 
 Organiza- 
 tion, j^^ ^j^^ World's Columbiafi Coni7)iission: 
 
 Officers. It is the sense of our Committee that the Commission shall appoint 
 
 the following officers: First, a President, whose title shall be " President 
 of the World's Columbian Commission;" second, five Vice-Presidents, 
 who shall be denominated First, Second, Third, Fourth, and Fifth Vice- 
 Presidents; the First Vice-President shall be of opposite politics to the 
 President, and the other four shall be divided equally in politics; third, a 
 Secretary. 
 
Minutes of the First Session. 11 
 
 Duties of the President: The President shall preside over all the President: 
 
 Ills duties. 
 
 meetings of the Commission, and shall appoint all committees, unless 
 otherwise directed by the Commission, and he shall have all the powers 
 and authority incident to the office of President. 
 
 Duties of the Vice-Presidents: In the absence of the President vice-Presi- 
 
 ' dents: 
 
 Vice-Presidents, in their numerical order, shall perform the duties of the J'^^l^^ 
 President. In the absence of all the Vice-Presidents, the Commission 
 shall appoint a Chairman /;-<? tern. 
 
 Duties of the Secretary: He shall keep a true and faithful record of secretary: 
 
 •',,'■ his duties. 
 
 the proceedings of this Commission, and perform such other acts and 
 duties as shall hereafter be recommended by this Committee to the body 
 of the Commission. 
 
 Mr. McKenzie moved the adoption of the report, and, on behalf of the 
 Committee, asked an extension of time as to the unfinished matters which 
 were submitted to it. 
 
 The motion was seconded by Mr. Bullene, of Missouri, and the report ^^X^'ted 
 was unanimously adopted. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Widener, of Pennsylvania, the Commission pro- 
 ceeded to the election of President of the Commission. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Martindale, of Indiana, seconded by Messrs. "^pafmer 
 Widener, of Pennsylvania; de Young, of California; Sewell, of New Jersey; President 
 Skiff, of Colorado; Cochran, of Texas; Thacher, of New York; Brainard, 
 of Connecticut; Harrison, of Minnesota; and Rucker, of North Dakota, 
 Mr. Thomas W. Palmer, of Michigan, was unanimously elected President of 
 the Commission. 
 
 The Chair appointed Messrs. Martindale, of Indiana; Lindsay, of Ken- 
 tucky; Waller, of Connecticut; and Breslin, of New York, a committee tc 
 escort President-elect Palmer to the chair. , 
 
 On assuming the duties of his office the President made the follow- 
 ing address: 
 
 Gentlemen of the Columbian Commission: I am profoundly president's 
 
 ^ ■' address. 
 
 grateful for the compliment that you have paid me; and yet, in accepting 
 the position, I am infused with a feeling of trepidation as to what it 
 involves. Men, as a rule, fear the tortures of the unknown, and that 
 general clause in the definition of the duties of the President seems to 
 me to involve much more than we would suppose at the first glance. It 
 puts a great deal upon the President, and it may take a great deal away 
 from him. In either case he proposes not to complain. I have heard it 
 said that where the throes of birth were not extreme in the delivery of a 
 child, the child was apt to be of little' good thereafter. On that account I 
 
12 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 ''luJn-sec. regard my election by acclamation as a poor augury for my future. If 
 ondDay. t^ere had been a little more of a struggle, it might have given me a 
 greater experience of the peril, of the hardship of my next five years. In re- 
 gard to that distinguished man whose name has been proposed in connec- 
 tion with the Presidency — that admirable Crichton of America, that man 
 who is always first in finance, at the social board, on the rostrum, or in busi- 
 ness life — I would say that if he could have been induced to accept the 
 position, I believe it would have given us greater prestige abroad and at 
 home. I telegraphed to him that it had been suggested to me that if he 
 were willing to become a candidate, I would decline to have my name 
 presented; but the circumstances were such that Mr. Depew felt that he 
 could not give it the time, and, therefore, I became a willing sacrifice. 
 The Chair now awaits the pleasure of the Commission. 
 
 Mr. Massey, of Delaware, offered the following resolution, which was 
 unanimously adopted : 
 
 Resolved, That the Committee on Permanent Organization be 
 instructed and directed to consider the matter of the several Vice-Presi- 
 dents and other officers designated by their report just presented, and 
 make recommendation to the Commission of suitable nominees for the 
 same; and before determming upon their recommendation, that they 
 shall sit for two hours to hear the individual views and preferences of 
 such members of the Commission as may desire to address them in that 
 behalf. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Kerens, of Missouri, the Commission proceeded to 
 the election of a permanent Secretary. 
 
 ■^Di^Jnaon ^^- ^^^^' ^^ Colorado, presented the name of Mr. John T. Dickin- 
 
 setTetary. son, of Texas, which was seconded by Mr. Rucker, of North Dakota. 
 Mr. Dickinson was unanimously elected Secretary. 
 On taking his place at the Secretary's desk, Mr. Dickinson made the 
 following remarks : 
 
 Secretary's GENTLEMEN OF THE WoRLD'S COLUMBIAN COMMISSION : Permit me 
 
 address. 
 
 to express to you my sincere gratitude for the high compliment you have 
 paid me, and through me, the State of Texas, which I have the honor, in 
 part, to represent in this Commission, by electing me as your secretary. 
 
 I fully realize the magnitude of the enterprise which we are about to 
 inaugurate, and if I did not conscientiously believe that I could success- 
 fully perform the duties of Secretary of the World's Columbian Commis- 
 sion, with credit to myself and to my State, and ultimately, I trust, to the 
 satisfaction of this Commission, I would not have been a candidate for 
 the honor. 
 
 Having had considerable practical experience as secretary and 
 general manager of fairs and expositions, I shall enter upon the discharge 
 of the duties of this important office, teeling always the responsibility of 
 
Minutes of the First Session. 13 
 
 the position, and witli the assurance of your confidence and support, First ses- 
 
 . •' II' slon-Sec- 
 
 I will endeavor to bring all the fidelity, intelligence, zeal, and industry I «'"' ^^y- 
 may possess toward the satisfactory performance of the varied and 
 exacting duties that belong, both directly and indirectly, to the office of 
 the Secretary of the World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Again thanking you for the honor conferred upon me, I will now 
 proceed to enter upon the discharge of the duties of the office. [Ap- 
 plause.] 
 
 On motion of Mr. Widener the following resolution was adopted : 
 Resolved, That a committee of seven be appointed to communicate <^'o™"^j'/J^<'<j. 
 with the local directors of the World's Columbian Exposition of Chicago, go^ mn^c- 
 and notify them that this Commission is now permanently organized the^ coii'i- 
 
 , . • . • 1 1 , • niissinii is). 
 
 and prepared to receive any communications they may have to submit. orgauizou. 
 
 Mr. Goodell, of Colorado, Chairman of the Committee on Permanent 
 Quarters, asked for further time in which to report, which was granted. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Holliday, of Kansas, an invitation to the Com- 
 missioners and their alternates to attend a reception at Mr. Potter 
 Palmer's was formally accepted. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Britton, of the District of Columbia, the thanks 
 of the Commission were extended to the temporary Chairman and the 
 temporary Secretary for the very able manner in which they had per- 
 formed the duties devolving upon them. 
 
 Mr. King moved that the thanks of this Commission be tendered to ^°J""^J,'^,fj^^^,. 
 the States' Association and the citizens of Chicagfo for the very eleo:ant of thanks 
 
 ^ .7 ?3 tothe^ 
 
 banquet given the Commission at the Palmer House. Mr. Williams, of sociat'ion.^ 
 Tennessee, moved, as an amendment, that the President of the Commis- 
 sion appoint a committee of five to formulate a vote of thanks. The 
 amendment was accepted by Mr. King, and the resolution was unanimously 
 adopted. 
 
 The President appointed the following gentlemen as a Committee on ^'^^1^^^^^^^^^' 
 Banquet Resolutions: Messrs. King, of Iowa; McDonald, of California; ™^ '^^' 
 Lindsay, of Kentucky; Exall, of Texas; Bullock, of Massachusetts. 
 
 An invitation was received from Mr. Ferd. W. Peck for the Commis- 
 sioners to attend High School exercises at the Auditorium, which was 
 accepted. 
 
 The President announced that complimentary tickets of admission to 
 the Board of Trade had been received and would be distributed to the 
 Commissioners by the Secretary. 
 
 The Commission then adjourned until lo o'clock Saturday morning, 
 June 28, 1890. 
 
14 World's Columbian Commission, 
 
 Roll-call. 
 
 First Session — Third Day, Saturday, June 28, 1890. 
 
 ^\on-Third The Commission met at 10 o'clock a. m. President Palmer in the 
 
 Day. 
 
 chair. 
 
 The roll was called, and the following Commissioners and alternates 
 were present: 
 
 Alabama— O. R. Hundley, F. G. Bromberg; W. S. Hull and G. L. 
 Werth, alternates. 
 
 Arkansas — John D. Adams, Lafayette Gregg; T. H. Leslie, 
 alternate. 
 
 California — M. H. de Young, William Forsyth. 
 
 Colorado— F. J. V. Skiff, R. E. Goodell; O. C. French, H. B. 
 Gillespie, alternates. 
 
 Connecticut — T. M. Waller, L. Brainard. 
 
 Delaware — W. H. Porter, G. V. Massey. 
 
 Florida — R. Turnbull, J. Hirst. 
 
 Georgia — L. McLaws, C. H. Way. 
 
 Illinois — A. T. Ewing, C. H. Deere; L. Funk, alternate. 
 
 Indiana — E. B. Martindale, T. E. Garvin; W. E. McLean, alternate. 
 
 Iowa — W. F. King, W. I. Buchanan. 
 
 Kansas — R. R. Price, C. K. Holliday, Jr. 
 
 Kentucky — J. A. McKenzie, J. Bennett; D. N. Comingore, alternate. 
 
 Louisiana — D. B. Penn, T. J. Woodward. 
 
 Maine — A. R. Bixby, J. G. Davis; C. S. Edwards, alternate. 
 
 Maryland — J. Hodges. 
 
 Massachusetts — F. W. Breed, T. E. Proctor. 
 
 Michigan — ]\[. H. Lane, C. H. Richmond; George H. Barbour, 
 alternate. 
 
 Minnesota — O. V. Tousley, M. B. Harrison. 
 
 Mississippi — R. L. Saunders, J. M. Bynum. 
 
 Missouri — C. H. Jones, T. B. BuUene. 
 
 Montana — L. H. Hershfield, A. H. Mitchell. 
 
 Nebraska — A. G. Scott, Euclid Martin; John Lauterbach, alternate. 
 
 Nevada — J. AV^ Haines, G. Russell. 
 
 New Hampshire — C. D. McDuffie. 
 
 New Jersey— T. Smith, W. J. Sewell. 
 
 New York — J. B. Thacher, James H. Breslin, alternaf^. 
 
Minutes of the First Session. 15 
 
 North Carolina — A. B, Andrews, T. B. Keogh. First ses- 
 
 sion— Third 
 
 North Dakota— H. P. Rucker, M. Ryan; Chas. H. Stanley, ^*y- 
 alternate. 
 
 Ohio— H. P. Piatt, W. Ritchie. 
 
 Oregon — H. Klippel, M. Wilkins; J. L. Morrow, alternate. 
 
 Pennsylvania — W. McClelland; J. K. Hallock, alternate. 
 
 Rhode Island — L. B. Goff, G. C. Sims. 
 
 South Carolina — J. C. Coit; E. L. Roche, alternate. 
 
 South Dakota — W. Mclntyre, M. H. Day. 
 
 Tennessee — L. T. Baxter, T. L. Williams, A. B. Hurt, alternate. 
 
 Texas — A. M. Cochran, J. T. Dickinson. 
 
 Vermont — B. B. Smalley, H. H. Mclntyre. 
 
 Virginia — J. T. Harris; C. A. Heermans, alternate. 
 
 Washington — C. B. Hopkins, H. Drum. 
 
 West Virginia— J. W. St. Clair, Jas. D. Butt. 
 
 Wisconsin — J. L. Mitchell, P. Allen, Jr. 
 
 Arizona — G. F. Coats, W. Zeckendorf ; H. H. Logan, alternate. 
 
 Idaho — G. A. Manning. 
 
 New Mexico— R. M. White, T. C. Gutierres. 
 
 Utah — P. H. Lannan; W. M. Ferry, alternate. 
 
 Wyoming — A. C. Beckwith, H. G. Hay. 
 
 District of Columbia — A. A. Wilson; Dorsey Clagett, E. K. 
 Johnson, alternates. , 
 
 Oklahoma — J. D. Miles, O. Beeson. 
 
 Commissioners-at-Large — A. G. Bullock, of Massachusetts; R. C. 
 Kerens, of Missouri; G. W. Allen, of New York; P. A. B. Widener, of 
 Pennsylvania; W. Lindsay, of Kentucky; T. W. Palmer, of Michigan; 
 H. Exall, of Texas; M. L. McDonald, of California. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Harris, of Virginia, all reporters and correspond- Kepresenta- 
 ents for the press were invited to seats on the floor durino: the sessions of the press 
 
 ^ ^ invited to 
 
 the Commission. be present. 
 
 Mr. McKenzie, of Kentucky, as Chairman, submitted the following 
 additional report of the Committee on Permanent Organization: 
 
 Tj the World s CotuDibian Commission: 
 
 In accordance with the resolution of the Commission, that the ^^^*^*?°^i 
 
 ' report of 
 
 Committee on Permanent Organization, after a hearing and a careful n,utS°on 
 consideration of the merits of the various candidates presented for Vice- orSza°' 
 Presidents of the World's Columbian Commission, recommend to the 
 
IQ World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 First ses- Commission five gentlemen for the offices of First, Second, Third, Fourth, 
 Dar™'%nd Fifth Vice-Presidents, for its action, we, the Committee, would 
 respectfully submit the names of the following Commissioners: First 
 VKcProsi- Vice-President, Thomas M. Waller, of Connecticut; Second Vice-Presi- 
 "^'"^ dent, M. H. de Young, of California; Third Vice-President, Davidson B. 
 Penn, of Louisiana; Fourth Vice-President, Gorton W. Allen, of New 
 York; Fifth Vice-President, Alexander B. Andrews, of North Carolina. 
 Director- It has been decided that, for the more efficient conduct and manage- 
 
 '''''''^' ment of the business of the Commission, the Executive Committee shall 
 select a suitable person, who shall be known and recognized as Director- 
 General, whose office shall be at the headquarters of the Commission in 
 Chicago, and whose duties, powers, and compensation shall be fixed by 
 said Committee. 
 
 Duties of the Director-General: 
 His powers He shall exercise such supervision, direction, and control of the 
 
 ""''^^"''''operationof the World's Columbian Exposition as will tend to promote 
 the efficiency of every agency employed; and to this end, and on questions 
 of general policy and administration, it shall be his duty, when practicable, 
 to avail himself of the judgment of the Executive Committee, and be 
 subject to their direction; but in the absence of such Committee, he shall 
 be authorized and instructed to assume all such executive powers and 
 functions as shall be necessary to secure promptness, efficiency, and good 
 faith in every department of the work. In the selection of such Director- 
 General, the Executive Committee shall confer with the Directors of the 
 World's Columbian Exposition. 
 
 COMMITTEES. 
 
 Standing For the purpose of facilitating the work imposed on the World's 
 
 ?eer''' Columbian Commission, it is respectfully suggested that the following 
 committees be appointed by the President, in accordance with the spirit 
 of the act of Congress: 
 
 j^irst—A^ Executive Committee, 
 
 consisting of twenty (20) Commissioners. 
 
 ^^r^w^— Committee on Rules, By-Laws, and Regulations, 
 
 consisting of eight (8) Commissioners. 
 
 jy^^y^—COMMITTEE ON TARIFFS AND TRANSPORTATION, 
 
 consisting of sixteen (16) Commissioners. 
 
 /T^^^rM— Committee on Foreign Affairs, 
 
 consisting of eight (8) Commissioners. 
 
 jrif//i — Committee on Legislation, 
 
 consisting of one Commissioner from each 
 State and Territory and the District of Co- 
 lumbia. 
 
Minutes of the First Session. 17 
 
 Sixth — Committee on Arts and Sciences, First ses- 
 
 . . . sion— Third 
 
 consisting of eight (8) Commissioners. i^ay. 
 
 Seventh — Committee on History, Literature, and Popular 
 
 Education, 
 
 consisting of eight (8) Commissioners. 
 
 Eighth — Committee on Agriculture, 
 
 consisting of sixteen (i6) Commissioners. 
 Ninth — Committee on Live Stock, 
 
 consisting of sixteen (i6) Commissioners. 
 
 7^e7tth — Committee on Horticulture and Floriculture, 
 
 consisting of sixteen (i6) Commissioners. 
 
 Eleventh — Committee on Finance, 
 
 consisting of eight (8) Commissioners. 
 
 Twelfth — Auditing Committee, 
 
 consisting of four (4) Commissioners. 
 Thirteenth — Committee on Ceremonies, 
 
 consisting of eight (8) Commissioners. 
 Fourteenth — Committee on Classification, 
 
 consisting of sixteen (16) Commissioners. 
 
 Fifteenth — Committee on Manufactures, 
 
 consisting of sixteen (16) Commissioners. 
 
 Sixteenth — Committee on Commerce, 
 
 consisting of sixteen (16) Commissioners. 
 
 Seventeenth — Committee on Mines and Mining, 
 
 consisting of sixteen (16) Commissioners. 
 
 Eighteenth — Committee on Fisheries and Fish Culture, 
 
 consisting of eight (8) Commissioners. 
 
 There shall be constituted, in pursuance of the Law of Congress, a Lady Mana- 
 
 Kcrs 
 
 Board of Lady Managers, consisting of one woman from each State and 
 
 Territory and the District of Columbia, which shall be known as The 
 
 Woman's Department of the World's Columbian Commission; and the How ap- 
 pointed. 
 President of this Commission shall appoint said Lady Managers; and, in 
 
 addition to* the number from each State and Territory, he may appoint 
 
 nine women of the City of Chicago. 
 
 Adlai T. Ewing, 
 
 Secretary of Committee. 
 
 Mr. Sewell, of New Jersey, moved that the report be printed before 
 being adopted. 
 
 Mr. Exall, of Texas, moved, as an amendment, that the portion of the 
 
 report referring to the election of five Vice-Presidents be excepted from 
 the report. 
 
18 World's Columhian Commission. 
 
 first ses- Mr. Sewell accepted the amendment, and the motion, as amended, 
 
 8lon— Third * > 7 » 
 
 ^^"^- prevailed. 
 
 vice-Presi- Mr. Thomas M. Waller, of Connecticut, was then elected First Vice- 
 
 dents 
 
 elected. President; Mr. M. H. de Young, of California, Second Vice-President; Mr. 
 Davidson B. Penn, of Louisiana, Third Vice-President; Mr. Gorton W. 
 Allen, of New York, Fourth Vice-President; and Mr. Alexander B. 
 Andrews, of North Carolina, Fifth Vice-President. 
 
 In response to an invitation of the Board of Directors of the World's 
 Columbian Exposition, the Commission decided to visit Jackson Park by 
 steamer, and to return by special train in time for a drive to the North Side 
 Parks. 
 
 Notification On motion of Mr. McDonald, of California, the President and See- 
 
 to the 
 
 of the^u°s. retary were instructed to notify the President of the United States that 
 
 that the 
 
 commis- the World s Columbian Commission was permanently organized. 
 
 eion IS or- *^ 
 
 ganized. 
 
 The Commission then adjourned until lo o'clock a. m., Monday, 
 June 30, 1890. 
 
 First Session— Fourth Day, Monday, June 30, 1890. 
 
 rirstses- The Commission met at 10 o'clock a. m., pursuant to adiourn- 
 
 sion— ' *^ •* 
 
 Fourth , 
 
 Day. ment. 
 
 President Palmer in the chair. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Waller, of Connecticut, it was decided that the 
 roll should not be called hereafter, except by special order of the Com- 
 mission. 
 Official Min- On motion of Mr. Sewell, of New Jersey, it was decided that the 
 
 uies to be 
 
 daiVy!^'^ official miuutes be printed daily and distributed for the use of Commis- 
 sioners at the next meeting. 
 ^tEo"m- ^^^ Committee on Permanent Quarters submitted a letter from Mr. 
 
 Ptnim- Ferd. W. Peck, tenderinef rooms in the Auditorium building: for use of 
 
 nent Quar- 70 o 
 
 ^®"" the Commission, and the Committee recommended the acceptance of the 
 rooms for the temporary use of the Commission, and asked further time 
 for the selection of permanent quarters. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Waller, the report was referred back to the Com- 
 mittee to be completed. 
 
Minutes of the First Session. 19 
 
 The Committee appointed to inform the Directors of the World's First see 
 
 ' '■ sion— 
 
 Columbian Exposition that the World's Columbian Commission is organ- Day.'^^ 
 ized and prepared to receive any communication they may wish to sub- 
 mit, presented the following report : 
 
 Chicago, III., June 30, 1890. 
 Hon. T. W. Palmer, President World's Columbian Commission: Report of 
 
 the Com- 
 
 Sir: The Committee appointed to inform the Directors of the mjufy®t\?e 
 World's Columbian Exposition that this Commission is now organized DireSy 
 
 • • 1 • , . , , . of the or- 
 
 and prepared to receive any communication they might wish to submit, ganization 
 beg leave to report that they have performed their duty, and, further, ^°q'™^^' 
 that they were informed by Mr. Gage, and the other Directors whom 
 they had the pleasure of meeting, that their Board would submit to this 
 Commission, at its meeting on Tuesday next, a communication stating 
 the site selected, also accompanying the same with a statement of the 
 subscription, properly certified, in order that we might take action in 
 accordance with the law under which we are acting. 
 
 P. A. B. WiDENER, Chair7nan^ 
 
 M. B. Harrison, 
 
 R. C. Kerens, 
 
 Thomas B. Keogh, 
 
 John Boyd Thacher, 
 
 B. B. Smalley. 
 
 There being no objection, the report of the Committee was adopted. * 
 
 ■ Mr, King, of Iowa, Chairman of the Committee on Banquet Resolu- 
 tions, submitted the following report, and moved its adoption: 
 
 Whereas, The States' Association, in behalf of the citizens of Chi- Report of 
 
 . . the Com- 
 
 cago. With characteristic generosity, provided an elegant reception and mittee on 
 banquet for the United States Commissioners of the World's Columbian Jjong^"' 
 Exposition, at the Palmer House, on Thursday evening, June 26, 1890; and 
 Whereas, This banquet was most elaborate and sumptuous, and 
 displayed exquisite taste, not only in respect to the rich viands pro- 
 vided, but also in all the aesthetic appointments and decorations of the 
 occasion; and 
 
 Whereas, Excellent opportunity was thus afforded the members 
 of the Commission of forming the acquaintance of each other, and of 
 many of the leading citizens of Chicago; therefore. 
 
 Resolved^ That the Commissioners hereby tender unanimous and 
 hearty thanks for this generous hospitality. 
 
 William F. King, Chairmaii^ 
 Mark L. McDonald, 
 William Lindsay, 
 Henry Exall, 
 A. G. Bullock. 
 
20 World's Columbian Commissioii. 
 
 ^iiion-^^' ^^^^ report was adopted, and the Secretary was ordered to transmit 
 
 Dayf^** a copy to the proper officials. 
 
 Mr. Williams, of Tennessee, offered the following resolution, and 
 moved that it lie on the table until to-morrow: 
 
 Resolved, That when this Commission finally adjourn, it shall be to 
 meet again on Thursday, the i8th day of September next. 
 
 Mr. Bullock, of Massachusetts, offered the following resolution, 
 which was adopted: 
 
 Resolved, That the local corporation be requested, when propositions 
 for site or sites are presented to this Commission, to appoint a committee 
 who shall be able to give information and answer questions that may be 
 propounded in relation thereto. 
 
 Mr. Hundley, of Alabama, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved, That no Commissioner shall speak oftener than one time 
 
 on any motion or proposition, and then for not longer than ten minutes; 
 
 but the mover of a motion or proposition shall have the right to close the 
 
 debate, although having once spoken. 
 
 Mr. Waller, of Connecticut, moved to refer this resolution to the 
 Committee on Rules. The motion prevailed. 
 
 Mr. Bromberg, of Alabama, offered the following resolution, which 
 was adopted: 
 
 ^^'tJT^^ifon Resolved, That a committee of five, composed of Messrs. Smalley, 
 
 tiniSciai Kerens, Thacher, Widener, and Sewell, be appointed, whose duty it shall 
 
 of"the^^'^ be to ascertain and report to the Commission whether or not the coxpora- 
 
 co*ium-^ tion organized under the laws of the State of Illinois, known as *' The 
 
 i)ian Expo- ' 
 
 chicag? World's Columbian Exposition," has an actual and bona fide and valid 
 subscription to its capital stock which will secure the payment of at least 
 five millions of dollars, and whether or not five hundred thousand dollars 
 of such subscription has been actually paid in; and whether or not said 
 corporation has made provision for obtaining a further sum of five 
 million dollars, making in all ten million dollars, and in what such pro- 
 vision for the additional five millions of dollars consists. Said committee 
 shall further report the law and the facts upon which their conclusions are 
 based. 
 
 Mr. Exall, of Texas, moved that the name of Mr. Bromberg, of Ala- 
 bama, be added. The motion prevailed. 
 
 The Secretary read the following communication: 
 
 Chicago, June 30, 1S90. 
 ^7u Wash. Hon. Thomas W. Palmer, President Columbian Commission: 
 
 liit'ton 
 
 I'arkciub. The Washington Park Club desires to be favored with the presence 
 
 of your honorable body, at their club-house, Tuesday afternoon, July ist. 
 
Minutes of the First Session. 21 
 
 A special train will leave the Illinois Central depot, foot of Lake Fim^jea- 
 
 Street, at 1.55 o'clock, stopping at Van Buren Street at 1.57; returning ^'^]^^ 
 
 after the races. 
 
 Very respectfully, 
 
 G. H. Wheeler, 
 
 President. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Hundley, of Alabama, the invitation was accepted 
 with thanks. 
 
 The Secretary read the following communications: 
 Hon. T. W. Palmer, President World's Columbian Commission: ^'SSpe^ct 
 
 With this will be presented an invitation from the Board of Com- park.^''^ 
 missioners of Garfield Park for your honorable body to make a trip to 
 Garfield Park, one of the proposed sites for the Fair. It is not a long 
 ride, and I shall be very much pleased if your Commission accept the 
 invitation submitted to you. 
 
 Very respectfully yours, 
 
 Lyman J. Gage, 
 President World's Columbian Exposition. 
 
 From the West Park Commissioners. 
 
 Chicago, June 28, 1890. 
 
 To the Honorable, the Natio7ial Cojnmissioners of the World's Columbian 
 
 Exposition: 
 
 Gentlemen: At a meeting of the West Park Commissioners, the 
 
 following resolution was unanimously adopted, viz.: 
 
 Resolved, That we invite the United States and State Commissioners 
 
 of the World's Columbian Exposition to visit and inspect the proposed 
 
 Garfield Park site at the close of their meeting, Monday morning, June 30, 
 
 1890. 
 
 In pursuance of the above resolution, we take pleasure in stating 
 
 that carriages will be in readiness at the Grand Pacific Hotel, at the close 
 
 of your meeting, for the purpose stated in the above resolution. 
 
 Very respectfully. 
 
 Your obedient servants, 
 
 C. K. G. Billings. 
 
 H. L. Thompson. 
 
 Willard Woodard. 
 The invitation was accepted. 
 
 The Secretary read the following report of the Committee on Per- 
 manent Organization: 
 
 Chicago, III., June 30, 1890. 
 
 Hon. T. W. Palmer, President World's Columbian Commission: '^Je'wt^of 
 
 Sir: The Committee on Permanent Organization would respectfully mfttee^n 
 submit the following amendment to the printed report submitted to the nenrur- 
 Commission on Saturday: 
 
22 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 First ses- Resoivcd, That there shall be constituted a Board of Ladv Managers, 
 
 Blon— ' 
 
 Fourth consisting: of two women and two alternates therefor, from each State and 
 
 Day. o ' 
 
 Territory and the District of Columbia, which shall be known as the 
 Woman's Department of the World's Columbian Commission, and the 
 Commissioners from each State and Territory shall nominate from their 
 respective States or Territories such Lady Managers and alternates, and 
 the President of this Commission shall appoint said nominees to said Board 
 of Management; and, in addition to the number from each State and Ter- 
 ritory, the President of the Commission may appoint nine women of the 
 City of Chicago; and the eight Commissioners-at-Large shall in like manner 
 nominate eight women and eight alternates to act upon said Board of Lady 
 Managers; and that the whole number of women so nominated and ap- 
 pointed shall constitute the Board of Lady Managers contemplated by the 
 act of Congress, 
 
 Respectfully, 
 
 Adlai T. Ewing, 
 
 Secretary of Coumiittee. 
 
 The report was laid over under the rules. 
 
 Mr. Hodges, of Maryland, offered the following resolution, which was 
 laid over under the rules: 
 
 Resolved^ That there shall be constituted, in pursuance of the law of 
 Congress, a Board of Lady Managers, consisting of one woman and one 
 alternate from each State and Territory and the District of Columbia, 
 which shall be known as the Woman's Department of the World's Colum- 
 bian Commission; and the President of this Commission shall make said 
 appointment on the joint nominations of the Commissioners from each 
 State and Territory and from the District of Columbia; and, in addition to 
 said appointments, the President of this Commission may appoint nine 
 women of the City of Chicago. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Sewell, of New Jersey, it was decided that the 
 Commission will not entertain any proposition in relation to a site unless 
 it comes from the officers of the World's Columbian Exposition, in accord- 
 ance with the law. 
 
 ^^tilm'oYtiie ^^^ special order for to-day at lo o'clock being the remainder of the 
 
 th«c'om- report of the Committee on Permanent Organization, it was taken up and 
 
 iiilttce on 
 
 ncnt Or- rcau. 
 ^iiniza- 
 
 *''^"- Mr. Williams, of Tennessee, moved to consider the report section by 
 
 section. 
 
 Mr. Massey, of Delaware, moved to defer the further consideration 
 of the report until such time as the report of the Committee on Perma- 
 nent Organization be complete. 
 
Minutes of the First Session. 28 
 
 Mr. de Young, of California, moved to lay the motion of Mr. Massey First s<*- 
 
 slon— 
 
 on the table. ^uunb 
 
 The motion was carried. 
 
 The question recurring upon the motion of Mr. Williams, it was 
 adopted. 
 
 Mr. Martindale, of Indiana, moved the adoption of the section refer- 
 rinof to the Director-General. 
 
 Mr. Jones, of Missouri, offered the following as a substitute: 
 
 " For the efficient conduct and management of the work imposed 
 upon the Commission by the act of Congress, a Director-General and 
 Commissioner-General shall be chosen by the Commissioners, whose 
 ofitices shall be at the headquarters of the Commission in Chicago, and 
 whose duties, powers, and compensations shall be fixed by the Executive 
 Committee, subject to confirmation by the Commission. 
 
 ''Duties of Director-General and Commissioner-General: The 
 Director-General shall be responsible to the Executive Committee of the 
 World's Columbian Exposition. It shall be his duty to supervise the 
 preparation of the site, the erection of buildings, and the details and 
 administration connected with the business conduct and control of the 
 Exposition. The Commissioner-General shall be directly responsible to 
 the Director-General, with the right to appeal to the Executive Commit- 
 tee. It shall be his duty to devise and advertise special attractions cal- 
 culated to draw and entertain crowds by its arrangement, and special 
 days and ceremony, and to devise methods for promoting and popular- 
 izing the Exposition. The Director-General and the Commissioner- 
 General shall be of different political parties, in pursuance of the spirit 
 of the act of Congress." 
 
 Mr. Waller, of Connecticut, offered the following amendment to the 
 substitute offered by ^Ir. Jones: 
 
 " The Executive Committee, after conference with the World's 
 Columbian Exposition of Chicago, shall recommend to the Commission a 
 suitable person, who shall be known and recognized as the Director- 
 General, whose office shall be at the headquarters of the Commission in 
 Chicago, and whose duties, powers, and compensation shall be fixed by 
 the Commission." 
 
 After protracted debate, the amendment of Mr. Waller was adopted. 
 
 Mr. Bromberg, of Alabama, called for the ayes and noes upon the 
 adoption of that portion of the report creating the office of Director- 
 General, as amended by the substitute offered by Mr. Waller. 
 
 The President ruled that the call was not sustained, whereupon Mr. 
 Bromberg asked unanimous consent to have his vote recorded in the 
 negative, and the consent was granted. 
 
24 World'' s Columbian Commission. 
 
 first See- The question recurrins: upon the adoption of Mr. Waller's amend- 
 
 5ay"^ ment for the first paragraph of the Committee's report, the amendment 
 and the section as amended were adopted. 
 
 Mr. Widener, of Pennsylvania, then moved the adoption of the 
 second section of the Committee's report. 
 
 The second section, as amended by the Committee, was read, as 
 follows: 
 
 DUTIES OF THE DIRECTOR-GENERAL. 
 
 He shall exercise such supervision, direction, and control of the 
 operation of the World's Columbian Exposition as will tend to promote 
 the efficiency of every agency employed; and to this end, and on ques- 
 tions of general policy and administration, it shall be his duty to avail 
 himself of the judgment of the Executive Committee, and be subject to 
 their direction. He shall be authorized and instructed to assume all such 
 executive powers and functions as shall be necessary to secure prompt- 
 ness, efficiency, and good faith in every department of the work. 
 
 Mr. Waller, of Connecticut, moved to lay this amendment upon the 
 table to be considered to-morrow. The motion was seconded. 
 
 Mr. Jones, of Missouri, offered the following amendment, to go with 
 the Committee's amendment, by inserting the following: '' And he shall 
 make report to such committee at each meeting thereof." 
 
 Mr. Waller accepted this amendment, and his motion prevailed. 
 
 The next paragraph of the report of the Committee was read, as 
 follows: 
 
 For the purpose of facilitating the work imposed on the World's 
 Columbian Commission, it is respectfully suggested that the following 
 committees be appointed by the President, in accordance with the spirit 
 of the act of Congress. 
 
 Mr. St. Clair, of West Virginia, moved to amend that part of the 
 report which provides that the President shall appoint the committees, 
 and to add that the President and five Vice-Presidents shall appoint the 
 committees. 
 
 After some discussion, Mr. St, Clair withdrew his motion. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Smith, of New Jersey, the pending paragraph was 
 adopted. 
 
 The next paragraph was then taken up and read, as follows: 
 
 First — An Executive Committee consisting of twenty (20) Commis- 
 sioners. 
 
Minutes of the First Session. 25 
 
 Mr. Massey, of Delaware, moved that the number be changed to rir8t^_se8- 
 
 , , • / /-x Fourth 
 
 twenty-Six (26). Day. 
 
 Mr. McKenzie, of Kentucky, on behalf of the Committee, accepted 
 the amendment of Mr. Massey. 
 
 Mr. Gregg, of Arkansas, moved the number be reduced to six- 
 teen (16). . 
 
 On motion of Mr. Williams, of Tennessee, the amendment of Mr. 
 Gregg was laid on the table. 
 
 Mr. Hundley, of Alabama, offered the following amendment: 
 
 First — An Executive Committee, consisting of one Commissioner 
 from each State and Territory and the District of Columbia. The mem- 
 bers of said committee present at any meeting shall constitute a quorum 
 for the transaction of business. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Smalley, of Vermont, the amendment of Mr. 
 
 Hundley was laid upon the table. 
 
 Mr. Hodges, of Maryland, offered the following amendment: 
 
 That the President and Vice-Presidents be included upon this com- 
 mittee, making the total number twenty-six. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Mclntyre, of South Dakota, this amendment was 
 laid upon the table. 
 
 Mr. Mclntyre moved that the motion which increased the number 
 from twenty to twenty-six be reconsidered. 
 
 On motion of Mr. St? Clair, of West Virginia, Mr. Mclntyre's motion 
 was laid upon the table. 
 
 The question recurring upon the adoption of the pending section of 
 the committee's report, upon the motion of Mr. Cochran,, of Texas, the 
 section was adopted, making the Executive Committee consist of twenty- 
 six Commissioners. 
 
 The next section was read as follows : 
 
 Second — Committee on Rules, By-Laws, and Regulations, 
 
 consisting of eight (8) Commissioners. 
 On motion of Mr. Widener, of Pennsylvania, and seconded by Mr. 
 Cochran, tliis section, as read, was adopted. 
 
 The next section was read as follows: 
 Third — Committee on Tariffs and Transportation, 
 consisting of sixteen (16) Commissioners. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Widener, seconded by Mr. Cochran, this section, 
 as read, was adopted. 
 
26 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 First ses- The ncxt section was read as follows: 
 
 slon— 
 
 Da?!"^^ /'^z/rM— Committee on Foreign Affairs, 
 
 consisting of eight (8) Commissioners. 
 On motion of Mr. Cochran, seconded by Mr. Smalley, of Vermont,, 
 this section, as read, was adopted. 
 
 The next section was read as follows: 
 
 j^ifi/i — Committee on Legislation, 
 
 consisting of one (i) Commissioner from each 
 State and Territory and the District of Columbia. 
 Mr. Waller, of Connecticut, moved to insert two instead of one Com- 
 missioner from each State, etc. The motion prevailed, and the section, 
 as amended, was adopted. « 
 
 The next section was read as follows: 
 
 ^/^//z_Committee on Arts and Sciences, 
 
 consisting of eight (8) Commissioners. 
 On motion of Mr. Widener, of Pennsylvania, seconded by Mr. 
 Cochran, of Texas, this section, as read, was adopted. 
 The next section was read as follows: 
 Seventh— CoumiT^^ on History, Literature, and Popular 
 
 Education, 
 
 consisting of eight (8) Commissioners. 
 
 This section, as read, was adopted. 
 
 The next section was read as follows: 
 
 Eighth — Committee on Agriculture, 
 
 consisting of sixteen (i6) Commissioners. 
 
 This section, as read, was adopted. 
 The next section was read as follows: 
 
 JSTinth — Committee on Live Stock, 
 
 consisting ot sixteen (i6) Commissioners. 
 
 This section, as read, was adopted. 
 The next section was read as follows: 
 
 Tenth Committee on Horticulture and Floriculture,. 
 
 consisting of sixteen (i6) Commissioners. 
 
 This section, as read, was adopted. 
 The next section was read as follows: 
 
 Eleventh — Committee on Finance, 
 
 consisting of eight (8) Commissioners. 
 
 This section, as read, was adopted. 
 
Minutes of the First Session, 27 
 
 The next section was read as follows : First ses- 
 
 ' Blon— 
 
 Twelfth — Auditing Committee, Day. 
 
 consisting of four (4) Commissioners. 
 
 This section, as read, was adopted. 
 The next section was read as follows : 
 
 Thirteenth — Committee on Ceremonies, 
 
 consisting of eight (8) Commissioners. 
 
 This section, as read, was adopted. 
 
 The next section was read as follows : 
 
 Fourteenth — Committee on Classification, 
 
 consisting of sixteen (16) Commissioners. 
 
 This section, as read, was adopted. 
 The next section was read as follows : 
 
 Fifteenth — Committee on Manufactures, 
 
 consisting of sixteen (16) Commissioners. 
 
 This section, as read, was adopted. 
 
 The next section was read as follows : 
 
 Sixteenth — Committee on Commerce, 
 
 consisting of sixteen (16) Commissioners. 
 
 This section, as read, was adopted. 
 The next section was read as follows : 
 
 Seventeenth — Committee on Mines and Mining, 
 
 consisting of sixteen (16) Commissioners. 
 
 This section, as read, was adopted. 
 
 The next section was read as follows : 
 
 Eighteenth — Committee on Fisheries and Fish Culture, 
 consisting of eight (8) Commissioners. 
 
 This section, as read, was adopted. 
 
 The next section of the report was read as follows : 
 
 There shall be constituted, in pursuance of the law of Congress, 
 a Board of Lady Managers, consisting of one woman from each State 
 and Territory and the District of Columbia, which shall be known as the 
 Woman's Department of the World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Mr. Hodges, of Maryland, was about to offer a substitute for the 
 foregoing section, when Mr. Kerens, of Missouri, on behalf of the Com- 
 mittee on Permanent Organization, submitted the following substitute: 
 
28 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 First ses- Hon. Thomas W. Palmer, President World's Columbian Commission: 
 
 elon— . . 
 
 ga"''^*' Sir: Your Committee on Permanent Organization would respect- 
 
 fully submit the following amendment to the printed report submitted to 
 the Commission on Saturday: 
 
 Resolved, That there shall be constituted a Board of Lady Managers, 
 consisting of one woman and alternate therefor from each State and 
 Territory and the District of Columbia, which shall be known as the 
 Woman's Department of the World's Columbian Commission, and the 
 Commissioners from each State and Territory and the District of Colum- 
 bia shall nominate, from their respective States and Territories and the 
 District of Columbia, such Lady Managers, and the President of this 
 Commission shall appoint said nominees to said Board of Managers, and 
 in addition to the members from each State and Territory and the Dis- 
 trict of Columbia, the President of the Commission may appoint nine 
 women of the City of Chicago. The respective Commissioners-at- 
 Large shall in like manner nominate eight women and alternates-at- 
 Large to act upon said Board of. Lady Managers, and that the wiiole 
 number of women so nominated and appointed shall constitute the Board 
 of Lady Managers contemplated by the act of Congress. 
 
 Mr. Smith, of New Jersey, moved to strike out the word "one" and 
 insert the w^ord "two." The motion was .seconded by Mr. \\aller. of 
 Connecticut, and prevailed, and the substitute, as amended, was adopted. 
 Mr. Hundley, of Alabama, offered the following amendment: 
 Insert betw^een fourth and fifth committees the following: 
 
 ''Fifth A Committee on Buildings and Grounds, 
 
 to consist of sixteen Commissioners." 
 
 Mr. Williams, of Tennessee, moved to strike out " sixteen " and 
 insert "twenty," which was accepted by Mr. Hundley, and the amend- 
 ment was adopted. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Hundley, the numerical order of the committees 
 was changed so that the amendment, as adopted, would be the fifth com- 
 mittee. 
 
 On motion of Mr. McKenzie, of Kentucky, seconded by Mr. St. Clair, 
 of West Virginia, the vote by which Mr. Hundley's amendment was 
 adopted was reconsidered, and on motion of Mr. Widener, of Pennsyl- 
 vania, it was laid upon the table. 
 Official Di- On motion of Mr. Brainard, of Connecticut, the Secretary was 
 
 rectory of 
 
 X'ir instructed to have a list of the names of Commissioners and alternates 
 printV'ciby pi.i,-,|-e(j fof the Convenience and use of the Commissioners, and that the 
 **''^' post-office addresses of such Commissioners and alternates be given. 
 
Minutes of the First Session. 29 
 
 On motion of Mr. Martindale, of Indiana, the Secretary was in- to include 
 
 ' -^ the act of 
 
 structed to include in this publication a copy of the law of Congress ru"iefand 
 
 coinmlt- 
 
 €reating the Commission, and also the rules and committees that may '^'-'^s. 
 have been formed up to the time of its printing. 
 
 Mr. Garvin, of Indiana, offered the following resolution, which was 
 adopted: 
 
 Resolved, That all motions and resolutions looking to the cre?tion of 
 further standing committees be referred, without debate, to the Com- 
 mittee on Permanent Organization. 
 
 Mr' Groner, of Virginia, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved, That the President of this Commission appoint a committee 
 on rendezvous in Hampton Roads, in Virginia, and review of the navies 
 of the world, in New York, as provided by act of Congress. 
 
 Referred to Committee on Permanent Organization. 
 
 Mr. Tousley, of Minnesota, offered the following resolutions: 
 
 Resolved, That the seventh committee be named Committee on 
 Science, Literature, and History, consisting of eight Commissioners. 
 
 Resolved, That a new committee be created, named Committee 
 on Universities, Colleges, and Public Schools, consisting of eight Com- 
 missioners. 
 
 Referred to Committee on Permanent Organization. 
 
 Mr. Hodges, of Maryland, offered the following resolution, which 
 was referred to the Committee on Permanent Organization: 
 
 Resolved, That it is the sense of this convention that the alternates 
 jointly appointed with the Commissioners shall have the right to represent 
 their principals who may be members of the committees, at all meetings 
 at which the Commissioners themselves may be unable to attend, and to 
 execute all the powers and functions which might be performed by such 
 Commissioners if present. 
 
 Mr. iVllen, of Wisconsin, offered the following resolution, which was 
 referred to the Committee on Permanent Organization: 
 
 Resolved, That the President appoint a standing committee of eight 
 (8) on Police Regulations and Public Comfort. 
 
 The President stated that a committee of citizens of Chicago, repre- 
 senting the West Side, were waiting to take the Commissioners upon a 
 tour of inspection of the parks in that section of the city. 
 
 The Commission then adjourned until lo o'clock a. m. to-morrow 
 (Tuesday), July i, 1890. 
 
30 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 First Session— Fifth Day, Tuesday, July i, 1890. 
 
 ^Sln-^^' '^^^ Commission met, pursuant to adjournment, at 10 o'clock a. m., 
 
 Fifth Day. ^^ . , -r. , . , , . 
 
 President Palmer in the chair. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Sewell, of New Jersey, the roll-call was dispensed 
 with. 
 
 Mr. Roche, of South Carolina, asked that it appear in the record 
 that Mr. Coit was absent on account of urgent business. 
 
 A letter was read from Mr. Jones, of Missouri, stating that he was 
 absent on account of illness in his family. 
 
 The Secretary stated that, in addition to the full stenographic report 
 of each meeting of the Commission, which was being printed, the official 
 minutes of the proceedings of the Commission were also being printed, 
 but would not be ready for distribution until after the meeting of the 
 Commission to-day. 
 
 The reading of the minutes of the meeting of yesterday was then 
 dispensed with. 
 
 Mr. Bullene, of Missouri, offered the following resolution, which was 
 adopted: 
 
 Resolved, That the resolution of yesterday, requesting the Secretary 
 to communicate by wire with the Secretary of the Treasury for informa- 
 tion as to the method by which the Commissioners shall receive their 
 mileage and per diem, be expunged from the records. 
 
 Mr. Asa S. Mercer, alternate from Wyoming, stated that he was 
 present in place of his Commissioner, Mr. Beckwith, who was not here 
 to-day. 
 
 Mr. Massey, of Delaware, offered the following resolution, which 
 was adopted : 
 
 Whereas, Questions have already been suggested, and others are 
 likely to arise, touching the nature and quality of the duties and powers 
 imposed on and delegated to this body by the act of Congress creating 
 it; and 
 
 Whereas, It is obviously import-ant that the powers and jurisdiction 
 of this Commission should be definitely ascertained and clearly under- 
 stood, to the end that its efficiency may be promoted and maintained, and 
 
Minutes of the First Session. 31 
 
 so as that all controversy as to the lawful exercise of its powers may be^Kn-^** 
 
 .J , ^, r Fifth Day. 
 
 avoided, therefore, 
 
 Resolved^ That a special committee of six be, and is hereby consti- 
 tuted, to be appointed by the President in accordance with the spirit of 
 the act of Congress, to consider the question of the rights, duties, and 
 powers of this body under the said act ; and to submit a report of its 
 deliberations, defining the quality, character, and extent thereof, to the 
 next adjourned meeting of the Commission. 
 
 Mr. Strong, alternate from Tennessee, offered the following resolu- 
 tion : 
 
 Resolved^ That the Board of Lady Managers, authorized and required 
 by Congress, receive the same pay for their services as we, the Commis- 
 sioners, do for ours, viz.: six dollars per day and actual expenses for 
 transportation. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Sewell, of New Jersey, the resolution of Commis- 
 sioner Strong was referred to the Special Committee on the Powers of the 
 Commissioners. 
 
 [First Vice-President Waller, of Connecticut, in the chair.] 
 
 Mr. Lindsay, of Kentucky, offered the following resolution, which 
 was adopted : 
 
 Resolved, That the President of this Commission be, and he is hereby The Presi- 
 • ■' dent, ex- 
 
 made, one of the twenty-six (26) members of the Executive Committee, "^^"'^^'e* 
 
 and, ex-officio, the Chairman thereof. manof the 
 
 Executive 
 Commit- 
 On motion of Mr. Kerens, of Missouri, the President and Secretary ^^®' 
 
 were unanimously requested to send the following telegram to Hon. 
 
 Chauncey M. Depew, New York City, one of the members of this 
 
 Commission: 
 
 Your fellow members of the World's Columbian Commission wish you 
 bon voyage and God speed. May seas be calm before you, the skies clear, 
 the winds fair. We know you are free from ordinary danger. No ice- 
 berg couJd live within a thousand miles of you, and Neptune himself must 
 wear a smiling countenance while you are on the sea. We feel assured that 
 as you move in the pomp of courts and the hearts of the people abroad, 
 you will appropriately present the attractions and possibilities of the com- 
 ing World's Fair. 
 
 While you tarry on the other side, may you receive something of that 
 pleasure and entertainment you impart to others, and when in time you 
 return to us, may you come invigorated in body, refreshed in mind, and 
 ready for any of the duties, responsibilities, and honors which may await 
 you in your native land. 
 
32 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 ^e"n-^*" Mr. Porter, of Delaware, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Fifth Day. 
 
 Resolved, That this Commission shall adjourn to-morrow (July 2d), 
 to meet again in this city on Wednesday, October 8th next, at 12 o'clock 
 noon. 
 
 Mr. Strong, alternate from Tennessee, moved as an amendment, that 
 when the Commission adjourn, it shall adjourn to meet on a certain 
 day, or upon call of the President, if he should desire to call it earlier. 
 
 The resolution, as amended, was laid upon the table. 
 
 Mr. V\'hite, of New Mexico, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved, That all matters referred to the committees be printed and 
 distributed among the members of the Columbian Commission at least one 
 day before final action is had upon them. 
 
 Referred. 
 
 Mr. Ferry, alternate from Utah, moved to reconsider the vote by 
 which the Commission yesterday adopted the motion of Mr. Sewell, of 
 New Jersey, to-wit: that this Commission would not consider any site 
 unless recommended by the Local Directory. 
 
 Upon motion of Mr. Martindale, of Indiana, the motion to recon- 
 sider was laid upon the table. 
 
 Mr. Deere, of Illinois, offered the following resolution, which was 
 
 adopted: 
 
 Committee Rcsolved, That the members of the Committee on Legislation be 
 
 iation:in- rcQuested to act throuQ^h their respcctivc State and Territorial represen- 
 
 structions ^ o i 
 
 ^"- tatives, at the first session of the legislatures of their respective States 
 
 and Territories, and urge proper legislation relative to the World's Ex- 
 position of 1893. 
 
 First Vice-President Waller being in the chair, President Palmer 
 offered the following resolution: 
 
 That the Vice-Presidents be added to the Executive Committee. 
 
 , After some discussion, this resolution was laid upon the table. 
 
 Mr. de Young, of California, offered the following resolution, which 
 was adopted: 
 CommiB- Resolved. That this Commission issue to the Ladv Managers a haiid- 
 
 8l<jii« to be 
 
 LaliyVian- ^^^^^ commissiou, signed by our executive officers. 
 
 agtM's. 
 
 Mr. White, of New Mexico, offered the following resolution, which 
 was referred to the special committee defining the duties of the Commis- 
 sioners: 
 
Minutes of tlie First Session. 
 
 33 
 
 Resolved, That until the report on the status of the alternates is First ses- 
 
 , Blon— 
 
 made by the Committee on Permanent Organization, an alternate is en- Fifth Day. 
 titled to a seat in the Commission with all the powers of a Commissioner, 
 in the absence of the Commissioner. 
 
 [President Palmer in the chair.] 
 
 Mr. McKenzie, of Kentucky, Chairman of the Committee on Per- 
 manent Organization, submitted the following report, which was adopted, 
 with the exception of the fourth paragraph, relating to the naval display 
 at Hampton Roads and New York Harbor, which was withdrawn: 
 
 Chicago, III., July i, 1890. 
 Hon. T. W. Palmer, President of the World's Columbian Commission: 
 
 Sir: The Committee on Permanent Organization would respect- 
 fully report that it has had under consideration sundry resolutions 
 referred to it, and has taken the following action: 
 
 The resolution asking for the appointment of a committee on Indian 
 affairs, consisting of six Commissioners, was rejected, being, in the judg- 
 ment of the Committee, covered by the Committee on Classification. 
 
 The resolution recommending a committee on grounds and buildings 
 was rejected, the same being covered by the organization of the Local 
 Board. 
 
 The resolution suggesting a committee on rendezvous at Hampton 
 Roads, in Virginia, and review of the navies of the world, in New York, 
 was rejected, being provided for in the act of Congress, and such duties 
 of the Commission appertaining to this matter are covered by the Com- 
 mittee on Ceremonies. 
 
 The resolution that the President appoint a standing committee of 
 eight (8) on police regulations and public cortifort, was unanimously 
 adopted. 
 
 The resolution that a timber committee be appointed, consisting of 
 eight (8) Commissioners, was rejected, the same, in the judgment of the 
 Committee, being covered by the Committee on Agriculture. 
 
 The resolution that a committee on electricity and electrical appli- 
 ances be appointed was adopted, the committee to consist of eight (8) 
 Commissioners, and to be empowered to call in the assistance of such 
 expert aid as they may deem necessary. 
 
 The resolutions that the seventh committee be named Committee on 
 Science, Literature, and History, consisting of eight (8) Commissioners, 
 and that a new committee be created named Committee on University, 
 College, and Public School Education, consisting of eight (8) Com- 
 missioners, were laid upon the table for future consideration and action 
 
 Additional 
 Report of 
 the Com- 
 mittee on 
 Perma- 
 nent Or- 
 ganiza- 
 tion. 
 
34 World's Coluvihian CommUsion. 
 
 Fim See- I am instructed by the Committee to ask the privilege of sitting, dur- 
 
 FiftlTDay. \^^^ ^he rccess of this Commission, at such points as the Committee may 
 
 select, to consider all the subject-matter referred to the Committee for its 
 
 action; and that we be authorized to employ a stenographer, and have 
 
 him attend the sessions of the Committee. 
 
 Respectfully, 
 
 James A. McKenzie, 
 
 Chairvian. 
 
 Naval Re- Mr Groncr, of Virsfinia, presented the following resolutions from the 
 
 view and ' j o i 
 
 ?ous in" Chamber of Commerce of Norfolk, Va., in reference to the naval review 
 
 April, 1893. , , . ^ , 
 
 at Hampton Roads, and moved their reference to the proper committee 
 when appointed: 
 
 The World's Naval Rendezvous in Hampton Roads in 1893. 
 
 Resolutions offered by Mr. M. Umstadter, in Chamber of Commerce, 
 June 16, and referred and unanimously passed by the Board of Directors 
 June 23, 1890: 
 
 Whereas, The rendezvous of the navies of the world in Hampton 
 Roads in the spring of 1893, as contemplated in the act of Congress 
 approved April 25, 1890 (being the original House Bill as amended in the 
 Senate by the Hon. John W. Daniel), requesting the *' sovereigns of all 
 nations" to unite in celebrating the landing of Columbus in Amer- 
 ica, and which has been passed and has become law, will probably attract 
 to the waters adjacent to our harbor the largest number of war ships ever 
 concentrated near one port; and 
 
 Whereas, A proper effort would probably secure the adoption of 
 such a programme for the evolution of the fleet, maneuver of the vessels, 
 the exercises of the sailors and marines, together with the entertainment 
 of the visiting and American officers, as would make this feature of the 
 celebration of the great historical event one memorable for its unique 
 character, and one that would attract to the Atlantic States visitors from 
 all parts of this and foreign countries; therefore, be it 
 
 Resolved, is/, That the President of the Chamber of Commerce appoint 
 a committee of twenty, to be known as the General Committee, of which 
 the President of the Chamber shall be ex-officio the Chairman, :his Com- 
 mittee to be subdivided into smaller committees, whose duties it shall be 
 to consider the practicability of forming a plan or programme for the naval 
 rendezvous in Hampton Roads in 1893, its possibilities and requirements, 
 and to take all the necessary steps to carry said plan into execution. 
 
 Resolved, 2d, That, as many of our sister cities in Virginia, the cities 
 of Washington, Baltimore, Philadelphia, and New York will be equally 
 interested in making this feature of the celebration a great success, the 
 General Committee shall have the power, through its representatives, to 
 confer with the governments and citizens thereof, and invite their cooper- 
 ation. 
 
Minutes of tlie First Session. 35 
 
 Resolved, 3^, That the Committee may add to its membership officers Fim ^ea- 
 of the army and navy, and that they may otherwise increase their mem- Fifth Day. 
 bership as they may see fit. 
 
 Resolved, ^th, That the Committee shall consider and advise as to any 
 further legislation, assistance, and cooperation desired from the City, 
 State, or United States. 
 
 Resolved, e^th. That the acknowledgments of this body be tendered to 
 the Hon. John W. Daniel, for his thoughtful consideration of Virginia in his 
 amendment to the resolution above referred to, and that he be, and 
 hereby is, elected an honorary member of all committees of the Colum- 
 bus Celebration appointed under these resolutions. 
 
 The following resolutions were presented and referred to the Com- 
 mittee on Permanent Organization: 
 
 By Mr. Heermans, alternate from Virginia — 
 
 A Committee on Printing, composed of eight (8) Commissioners. 
 
 By Mr. Mitchell, of Wisconsin — 
 
 A Committee on Ethnology, Archaeology, and Natural History, of 
 eight (8) Commissioners. 
 
 By Mr. St. Clair, of West Virginia — 
 
 A Committee on Forestry, of eight (8) Commissioners. 
 
 An invitation to attend Barnum & Bailey's " Greatest Show on 
 Earth " was accepted for eight o'clock this evening. 
 
 Mr. Widener, of Pennsylvania, on behalf of the committee to confer 
 with the Local Board, reported that a committee from the Local Board 
 would, during the day's session, come before the Commission, and a 
 recess was then taken until 12 o'clock noon, to await the arrival of the 
 committee. 
 
 The Commission met at 12 o'clock, and took a recess for twenty 
 minutes. 
 
 Upon reconvening, at ten minutes to i o'clock, the committee to 
 confei with the Local Board reported that representatives from said 
 Board were now present; and the said committee, composed of Messrs. 
 P. A. B. Widener, of Pennsylvania; R. C. Kerens, of Missouri; John Boyd 
 Thacher, of New York; B. B. Smalley, of Vermont; W. J. Sewell, of New 
 Jersey, and F. G. Bromberg, of Alabama, submitted the followin.o- as 
 their report: 
 
36 World'' s Columbian Commission. 
 
 ^tKoin- EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT OF THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN 
 
 mitti'i' ap- 
 
 KS£ EXPOSITION. 
 
 to the 
 
 financial 
 
 condition /-< „ „ t i o 
 
 of the Chicago, July i, 1890. 
 
 World's 
 
 Colum- J 
 
 bian Expo- To the Wovld s ColumMan Commission : 
 
 Bltion of 
 Chicago. 
 
 Gentlemen: At a meeting of the Board of Directors of the World's 
 Columbian Exposition, held this day, the following resolution was unan- 
 imously adopted: 
 
 siteforthe Resolvcd, That this Board hereby adopts — subject to the concurrence 
 
 Colum- of the authorities having: iurisdiction thereof — the Lake Front and 
 
 blan Expo- ° J 
 
 sition. Jackson Park as the site for the location of the World's Columbian Expo- 
 sition, it being the intention of the Board to make as large a use as may 
 be possible of room now existing or that may hereafter be gained on the 
 Lake Front, and u^e Jackson Park so far as may be necessary to provide 
 adequate room and buildings for the Exposition. 
 
 Very respectfully, 
 
 J. H. KiNGWILL, 
 
 Approved: Acting Secretary. 
 
 Lyman J. Gage, 
 
 President. 
 
 ^SaSnt ^^ ^^^ World's Columbian Commission: 
 
 of the 
 
 co'ium-^ As requested by your committee, we hereby submit to your honora- 
 
 eiuon.''^°* ble body, on behalf of the World's Columbian Exposition, incorporated 
 as the World's Exposition of 1893, the following financial exhibits: 
 
 Pirst — A certificate from J. H. Kingwill, Assistant Secretary, showing 
 the bona fide and binding subscriptions to the capital stock of said 
 corporation to be $5,000,000. 
 
 Second — Affidavit of A. F. Seeberger, Treasurer of this corporation, 
 showing actual cash on hand in bank, subject to check, to be $669,139.83. 
 
 Third — A statement from Otto Young, Chairman of the Committee 
 on Ways and Means, showing new subscriptions to the $5,000,000 in- 
 crease of capital stock of $500,000 or more. 
 
 In explanation of the last item, we would respectfully state that at a 
 meeting of the stockholders of this corporation, held June 18, 1890, the 
 capital stock was increased, in conformity with the law, to $10,000,000. 
 Of this amount, more than $500,000 has already been subscribed, and 
 the committee are adding new subscribers daily. 
 
Minutes of the First Session. 37 
 
 Under Section 5 of the act of Congress creating your Commission, it First ^es- 
 is required that the corporation shall satisfy you that, in addition to a Fi"hDay 
 valid capital of $5,000,000, "the further sum of $5,000,000, making 
 $10,000,000 in all, will be provided in ample time for its needful use during 
 the prosecution of the work for the complete preparation for said Expo- 
 sition." 
 
 This corporation is not unmindful of its duty in this direction, and 
 expects to meet it fully and completely. 
 
 To make provision therefor, the capital stock, as above shown, has 
 been increased to $10,000,000. Subscription to the new stock is being 
 steadily pushed under the direction and care of a capable Committee, 
 known as the Committee on Ways and Means. 
 
 It is expected that we will be able to place a large part, if not all, of 
 this with our own people and friends, during the next six months. In ad- 
 dition to this, negotiations have been had with the Common Council of 
 the City of Chicago for advances in cash to this corporation, from time 
 to time as it may require, to the amount of $5,000,000. Lacking power 
 under the law, the Common Council, by a unanimous vote, has made a 
 request to the Governor of the State for a special meeting of the State 
 Legislature, to take action on a bill which will enable the city to make 
 this advance. The Governor of the State has issued his proclamation, 
 convening the Legislature on July 23d next. As the proposed enabling 
 act, if passed, will, under our constitution, have to be submitted to a vote 
 of the people at the next general election afterwards held — to-wit, No- 
 vember 4th next — we will not be in a position to make a binding con- 
 tract with the city until after that date. No doubt is entertained, how- 
 ever (as both people and press are in hearty sympathy with the move- 
 ment) of its favorable outcome. 
 
 Should this resource fail, however, we feel perfect confidence in our 
 ability, through increase of stock subscriptions, and by use of our credit 
 in other directions, to provide the full ten millions, as conditioned in Sec- 
 tion 5. In fact, our plans contemplate, through the joint effect of both 
 lines of action, not ten millions, but a total of twelve and a half or fifteen 
 millions, in ample time for the use and purposes of the Exposition. 
 
 Respectfully submitted, 
 
 Lyman J. Gage, 
 
 President. 
 
 Chicago, July i, 1890. 
 
38 WorlcV s Columbian Commission. 
 
 ^^l\L-" THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 
 
 Fifth Day. 
 
 Statement of Cash Balance lo A. M., June 30, 1890. 
 
 Stationary Accounts. 
 
 Merchants' National Bank §59,000.00 
 
 *' '' " Spl. acct 11,984.00 
 
 Commercial National Bank 59,500.00 
 
 National Bank of Illinois 59,500.00 
 
 Illinois Trust & Savings Bank 59,500.00 
 
 Continental National Bank 5 2,500.00 
 
 Corn Exchange Bank 5 2,500.00 
 
 Metropolitan National Bank 35,000.00 
 
 American Tfust & Savings Bank 35,000.00 
 
 The Northern Trust Company 35,000.00 
 
 Chicago National Bank 35,000.00 $494,484.00 
 
 Active Accounts. 
 
 Union National Bank $69,473.59 
 
 Merchants' Loan & Trust Co 96,568.44 $166,042.03 
 
 Temporary Account. 
 Chicago National Bank 8,663.80 
 
 Total cash on hand $669, 1 89.83 
 
 Correct: A. F. Seeberger, Treasurer. 
 
 I, Anthony F. Seeberger, Treasurer of the World's Columbian Expo- 
 sition, hereby certify that the above is a true and correct statement of the 
 cash in bank, subject to the checks of the above-named corporation at 
 this date. 
 
 (Signed) Anthony F. Seeberger. 
 
 Subscribed and sworn to before me, at Chicago, III., this 30th 
 [seal] day of June, 1890. 
 
 John D. Vandercook, 
 Notary Public. 
 Attest: Ferd. W, Peck, 
 Otto Young, 
 John J. P. Odell, 
 
 Majority of Finance Committee. 
 
Minutes of the First Session. 39 
 
 SECRETARY'S OFFICE OF THE WORLD'S Fim ^es- 
 
 COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. • SiTDay 
 
 Chicago, June 30, \l()o. 
 Lyman J. Gage, Esq., President, City: 
 
 Dear Sir: The books of this Company show the total subscription 
 to the original capital stock of the Company to be for 500,000 shares at 
 $10.00 each, making the total amount $5,000,000, subscribed for by 
 28,308 persons, firms, and corporations. 
 
 The original subscription books are filed in the office of the Treas- 
 urer, and have been entered under my supervision, and all of the sub- 
 scriptions are, to the best of my knowledge and belief, bona fide and 
 binding. 
 
 Yours truly, 
 
 J. H. KlNGWlLL, 
 
 Assistant Secretary. 
 
 The above is hereby approved and respectfully submitted to the 
 World's Columbian Commission as evidence of the fact that the World^s 
 Columbian Exposition, formerly known as "The World's Exposition of 
 1892," has an actual bona fide and valid subscription to its capital stock 
 of $5,000,000, as required under Section 5 of the act of Congress cre- 
 ating the World's Columbian Comm.ission, and providing for an exhibi- 
 tion of arts, industries, manufactures, etc., to be inaugurated in the year 
 1893 in the City of Chicago. 
 
 Lyman J. Gage, 
 
 President. 
 
 After hearing the representatives of the World's Columbian Exposi- 
 tion of Chicago, Mr. Martindale, of Indiana, offered the following reso- 
 lution: 
 
 Resolved, That the site proposed by the President and the Directors 
 of the World's Columbian Exposition, of Chicago, for the holding of 
 the World's Columbian Exposition be, and the same is, formally accepted 
 by this Commission. 
 
 After some discussion, Mr. de Young, of California, moved, and it ^^S'^post. 
 was voted, that the foregoing resolution, together with the reports and wednes- 
 statements of the Committee of the Local Board, be laid upon the table, 
 and be printed and made the special order for 10 o'clock to-morrow 
 morning, to which hour, upon motion, the Commission then adjourned. 
 
40 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 ^Son-' First Session— Sixth Day, Wednesday, July 2, 1890. 
 
 Sixth Day. 
 
 The Commission met at 10 a. m. pursuant to adjournment. 
 
 President Palmer in the chair. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Harris, of Virginia, Governor Fifer, of Illinois, 
 was invited to sit with the Commission during its present session. 
 
 The reading of the minutes of previous sessions was ordered, during 
 which the President ruled that when a member of the Commission was 
 not present at roll-call, but was in his seat subsequently during the day, 
 his name would be entered on the roll as present. 
 
 Minutes of The minutes of the proceeding's of the Commission for the firsts 
 
 previous i cs r 
 
 corrected', sccond, third, fourth and fifth days were read, and, after certain correc- 
 
 and adopt- 
 
 ^^- tions, adopted. 
 
 verbatta During the reading of the minutes of the fifth day's proceedings, on 
 
 dTscon- motion of Mr. Waller, of Connecticut, it was decided that hereafter the 
 
 tinued. 
 
 Stenographic reports of speeches be dispensed with. 
 
 ^Interests. ^ Communication was received from the Illinois Dairymen's Associa- 
 
 tion, asking for the appointment of a special committee in charge of the 
 dairy interest, including dairy cattle. 
 
 Mr. Deere, of Illinois, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved, That a new committee be created, to be named the Com- 
 mittee on Dairy Products, consisting of eight (8) Commissioners. 
 
 Referred to the Committee on Permanent Organization. 
 
 The following letter of congratulation was received from the officers 
 of the Isabella Society, of Illinois, and was read and placed on file: 
 communi- We, women of the city of Chicago, assembled in the Palmer House, 
 
 QiH^nYsa- Tuesday afternoon, July i, 1890, send greeting to the World's Colum- 
 etv'of^''^''bian Commission: 
 
 You have given us an hour of rejoicing, tempered only by the appre- 
 ciation of the responsibilities and the magnitude of the undertaking. 
 
 In making a provision for nine women on the " Board of Lady 
 
 Managers," from the city of Chicago, you have shown an unexpected and 
 
 high appreciation of the extra labor which will naturally devolve upon us. 
 
 In providing for 106 women, with alternates, you have made the 
 
 grandest recognition of equality possible. 
 
Minutes of the First Session. 
 
 41 
 
 In deciding that these women should come from every State and First ses- 
 
 *=' •' sion— 
 
 Territory, and from the District of Columbia, you have nobly remembered sixth Day 
 that woman shared with man the dangers and hardships in the pioneer 
 period of this country, has taken with him every step in the progress of 
 this nation, and is entitled to share with him the honor for what has been 
 accomplished. 
 
 Thus you have offered the grandest and most fitting opportunity ever 
 afforded woman to demonstrate her ability in the economic world. 
 
 We respectfully present for the consideration of your honorable body 
 the following resolutions: 
 
 Resolved^ That the words " The Woman's Department " be changed 
 to the name designated by law in 'the act of Congress, viz.: "The Board 
 of Lady Managers." 
 
 Resolved^ That the " Board of Lady Managers " shall hold their first 
 meeting, on call of the Secretary of the Commission, at the same time 
 and in the same city that the Commission shall hold its next meeting. 
 
 Respectfully submitted. 
 
 Mrs. Holbrook, Dr. Julia Holmes Smith, 
 
 Acting Secretary. 
 
 Chairman. 
 
 Per F. D. 
 
 Mr. McKenzie, of Kentucky, Chairman of the Committee on Perma- Additional 
 
 . report of 
 
 nent Organization, made the following additional report of that Commit- 
 tee, and moved its adoption: 
 
 Chicago, July 2, 1890. 
 Hon. T. W. Palmer, President of the World's Columbian Commission: 
 Sir: The Committee on Permanent Organization would respect- 
 fully suggest the amendment of the following committees recommended 
 in a previous report: 
 
 Amend the sixth committee to read: "Committee on Fine .vrts, 
 consisting of eight (8) Commissioners." 
 
 Amend the seventh committee to read: "Committee on Science, 
 History, Literature, and Education, consisting of eight (8) Commis- 
 sioners." Respectfully, 
 
 James A. McKenzie, 
 
 CJiairvian. 
 
 the Com- 
 mittee on 
 Perma- 
 nent Or- 
 ganiza- 
 tion. 
 
 No objection being offered, the amendments and report were 
 adopted. 
 
 Mr. McKenzie also presented the following communication, and 
 moved its adoption as a resolution: 
 
Ices. 
 
 42 WorlcVs Cohrmhian Comviif^fdon. 
 
 First Ses- CHICAGO, July 2, 189O. 
 
 Sixth D.iy p^Qj^ rjs ^y Palmer, President of the World's Columbian Commission: 
 
 To print Sir: The Committee on Permanent Organization respectfully ask 
 
 copies of leave cf the Commission to have printed i,ooo copies of the report to be 
 
 the report , ^^ ... , , . , 
 
 Commit- prepared by them in the recess of the Commission, in order that said 
 m^nelif" rcport mav be laid upon the desk for the information of members of the 
 uol^"'^'*' Commission upon the day of their reassembling. 
 
 Respectfully, 
 
 James A. McKenzie, 
 
 ChairmaJi. 
 The motion was carried. 
 
 Mr. Exall, of Texas, offered the following resolution: 
 Resolved, That the Commission do now proceed with the special 
 order of business for to-day by the adoption of the resolution offered by 
 Mr. Martindale, of Indiana, to-wit: that the site proposed by the Presi- 
 dent and Board of Directors of the Chicago Columbian Exposition be, 
 and the same is hereby formally accepted by this Commission. 
 Mr. Kerens, of Missouri, offered the following resolution: 
 Requestfor Resolved. That the Secretary of War be, and is hereby requested to 
 
 bSwrv- detail Col. H. C. Corbin, of the U. S. Army, now stationed in the City 
 of Chicago, to report to the President of this-Commission, with a view to 
 his assignment to such duties as the President of this Commission may 
 determine. 
 
 The resolution was adopted. 
 
 Mr. E. B. Fisher, alternate for Michigan, desired to have it made a 
 matter of record that he was present during the day's proceedings. 
 
 Mr. de Young, of California, offered the following resolution as a 
 substitute for the resolution of Mr. Exall, of Texas: 
 
 Resolvedy That the Commission reject the site offered by the 
 Directors of the Columbian Exposition. We request them to submit a 
 site to this Commission where the Exposition can be held in one enclos- 
 ure, without any side-shows or dismemberment of the same. 
 
 After some debate the resolution was withdrawn. 
 
 Mr. Rucker, of North Dakota, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved, That when the subject of sites for the World's Columbian 
 Exposition is under discussion, that an opportunity be given each member 
 of the Commission to express his views regarding the same; that the roll 
 be called, and each Commissioner be limited to ten minutes unless 
 extended by others waiving their right to speak. 
 
 On motion of Mr. BuUent, of Missouri, the resolution was laid upon 
 the table. 
 
Minutes of the First Session. 43 
 
 Mr. Hirst, of Florida, offered the followinsr resolution: First ses- 
 
 ' ^ sion— 
 
 Sixth Day. 
 
 Resolved, That, in the discussion of a site for the World's Fair, no Rule of de- 
 
 ' bate on 
 
 member shall speak more than once on the subject until all who wish to p^f'^j'te. 
 speak have had the opportunity. 
 
 The resolution was adopted. 
 
 Mr. St. Clair, of West Virginia, offered the following resolution : 
 
 Resolved^ That in the judgment of this Commission the proposal of 
 the so-called Lake Front and Jackson Park site for the World's Colum- 
 bian Exposition is defective and unsatisfactory in the following, among 
 other particulars, namely : 
 
 ist. It is indefinite and uncertain in respect of the lands supposed 
 to be tendered for occupancy by said Exposition. 
 
 2d. Said proposal is not accompanied by any evidence that the 
 Board of Directors have any control of or legal authority to tender the 
 lands supposed to be offered. 
 
 3d. Said proposal is not accompanied by any evidence that the 
 proposed site would be adequate within the meaning of the act of Con- 
 gress in facilities of transportation and in sanitary conditions. 
 
 4th. Said proposal is not accompanied by any responsible guarantee 
 of the fulfillment of the various conditions suggested in connection with 
 said proposal, such as the proposed line of free transportation, etc. ; 
 therefore, further, 
 
 Resolved^ That said proposal be respectfully returned to said Board 
 of Directors with the request that said objections be removed or that a 
 site be presented free therefrom. 
 
 The motion was seconded by Mr. White, of New Mexico. 
 
 The President ruled that, as the special order should now come 
 before the Commission, the resolution of Mr. St. Clair was out of order. 
 
 Upon the resolution of Mr. Exall, of Texas, the Commission decided ^tum^^of the 
 to proceed with the special order. Bite. 
 
 NjVEr. Butt, of West Virginia, moved to strike out the words in the 
 resolution of Mr. Martindale, of Indiana, " formally accepted by this 
 Commission," and to insert in lieu thereof, "formally rejected by this 
 Commission." 
 
 Mr. Exall, of Texas, requested unanimous consent of the Commis- 
 sion that the order of business be temporarily suspended, and that the 
 gentlemen connected with the Chicago Board of Directors present in the 
 room be now requested to state more fully the position at present arrived 
 at, that the Commission may thoroughly understand the situation. 
 
44 World^ s Columhian Commission. 
 
 First ses- Mr. McDonald, of California, made the same request. 
 
 Blon- ' ' ^ 
 
 sixth Day. Mr. Waller, of Connecticut, moved that the Commission do now in- 
 
 ghen'^fhe vite the members of the Columbian Exposition to the privileges of the 
 
 privileges 
 
 ^^Q^® floor of the Commission and to take part in the pending discussion. 
 
 The motion was carried. 
 [Vice-President Waller in the chair.] 
 
 Mr. T. B. Bryan thereupon addressed the Commission at length in 
 regard to the proffered site of the Lake Front and Jackson Park. 
 
 In the course of his remarks, Mr. Bryan introduced the following: 
 
 State of Illinois, ) 
 
 County of Cook, > ss. 
 
 South Park Commissioners. ) 
 
 I, H. W. Harmon, Secretary of the Commissioners aforesaid, and 
 custodian of its records and files, do certify that the following is a true 
 copy of the resolution adopted by the said Commissioners, on the second 
 day of July, A. D. 1890. 
 
 Whereas, It appears that the Directory of the Columbian Exposi- 
 tion is desirous of locating the same, in whole or in part in Jackson Park, 
 be it, therefore, 
 
 Resolved, That it is the sense of the South Park Commissioners that 
 an area of more than 500 acres therein may be rendered available for 
 such purpose. 
 
 Ix Testimony Whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and the seal 
 of the said Commissioners, this second day of July, A. D. 1890. 
 
 H. W. Harmon, 
 [seal] Sec'y of the South Park Commissioners. 
 
 Also the following, with regard to the practicability of filling the 
 Lake Front: 
 
 We, the undersigned engineers and contractors, desire to express our 
 opinion that the area called for by the resolution adopted by the Board of 
 Directors of the World's Columbian Exposition selecting the Lake Front 
 site, can be prepared in ample time and in such manner as to meet all the 
 requirements of the Exposition. 
 
 IsHAM Randolph, Civil Engineer, 
 
 Chicago Dredging and Dock Co., 
 F. Davis, Manager. 
 O. B. Green, 
 Andrew Onderdonk, 
 Chas. Frrz Simons, 
 Sam'l G. Artingstall, 
 Wm. Soov Smith. 
 
Minutes of the First Session. 45 
 
 Following Mr. Bryan, Mr. Ferd. W. Peck addressed the Commission ^'/joni^^' 
 
 , , . sixth Day. 
 
 upon the same subject. 
 
 Pending consideration of the special order, viz.: the resolution of 
 Mr. Martindale, of Indiana, Mr. Groner, of Virginia, offered the follow- 
 ing amendment : 
 
 "and that all questions about title of said site and facilities of trans- 
 portation, etc., etc., be referred to a committee of ten, to be appointed by 
 the President of the Commission, and said committee shall be directed to 
 report at the next meeting of the Commission. 
 
 Mr. Martindale accepted this amendment to his resolution. 
 
 Mr. Holliday, of Kansas, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved, That it is the sense of this Commission that a divided site 
 for the World's Exposition will not be conducive to the best interests of 
 State exhibits — nor the Exposition as a whole. 
 
 Ruled out of order. 
 
 Mr. Strong, alternate from Tennessee, offered the following amend- 
 ment: 
 
 Resolved, That in our judgment a people who have the pluck and 
 brains to raise ten millions of dollars for a fair, have sense enough to 
 know the best location for the same. 
 
 " The resolution was read, but ruled out of order. 
 The call of the roll was then demanded upon the resolution as 
 amended. Pending the call, the amendment of Mr. Butt, of West Vir- 
 ginia, to strike out the words " formally accepted," and insert the words 
 ** formally rejected, '^ was voted upon and was lost. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Price, of Kansas, the Commission then proceeded 
 to the call of the roll by States upon the special order, viz.: The resolu- 
 tion of Mr. Martindale, of Indiana, as follows: 
 
 Resolved, That the site proposed by the President and the Directors committee 
 
 ' 11./ Qtj Site 
 
 of the Chicago Columbian Exposition for the holding of the World's FacimS 
 Columbian Exposition be, and the same is, formally accepted by this 
 Commission, and that all questions about the title of said site and facili- 
 ties of transportation, etc., be referred to a committee of ten, to be 
 appointed by the President of the Commission, and said committee shall 
 be directed to report at the next meeting of the Commission. 
 
 The roll was called, and the resolution was adopted by the following 
 vote: 
 
 Ayes. — Bullock, Palmer, Kerens, Allen, Widener, Exall, McDonald "^'^^^ °'} ^'^^ 
 
 ' ' ' ' '7 , accept- 
 
 Hundley, Bromberg, de Young, Forsyth, Skiff, Goodell, Waller, Brainard, the site. 
 Turnbull, Hirst, McLaws, Way, Ewing, Deere, Martindale, Garvin, 
 
46 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 ^Ri*""' ^^"S> Buchanan, Price, Holliday, McKenzie, Bennett, Penn, Woodward, 
 ay. pj.gg(j^ Proctor, Lane, Richmond, Tousley, Harrison, Saunders, Bynum, 
 Bullene, Hershfield, Mitchell, Scott, Al.Mtin, Haines, Russell, Van Dyke, 
 Smith, Thacher, Breslin, Keogh, Rucker, Ryan, Piatt, Ritchie, Hallock, 
 Sims, Roche, Coit, Mclntyre of South Dakota, Strong, Williams, Hurt, 
 Cochran, Dickinson, Mclntyre of Vermont, Smalley, Harris, Groner, 
 Hopkins, Drum, Mitchell, Allen, Coats, Zeckendorf, Stearns, Gutierres, 
 Lannan, Beckwith, Hay, Miles — 8i. 
 
 Noes.— Porter, Massey, Klippel, Wilkins, Day, St. Clair, Butt, Man- 
 ning, White, Ferry, and Beeson — ii. 
 
 Absent or not voting: Lindsay, Adams, Bixby, Davis, Hodges, 
 Lowndes, Jones, McDuffie, Aiken, McClelland, Goff, Britton, and Wil- 
 son — 13. 
 
 Excused from voting: Gregg — i. 
 » Mr. McDonald, of California, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Whereas, The Commission has, under the act of Congress, pro- 
 vided for the establishment of a Board of Lady Managers, and no com- 
 pensation has been arranged for said Lady Managers, therefore be it 
 
 Resolved, That a committee of five be appointed by the President 
 immediately to wait upon Congress and arrange for an appropriation for 
 the ladies appointed on this Board of Lady Managers. 
 
 Referred to the Judiciary Committee. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Massey, of Delaware, the Commission adjourned 
 until ten o'clock to-morrow morning, July 3, 1890. 
 
 First Session — Seventh Day, Thursday, July 3, 1890. 
 
 First See- The Commission met at 10 o'clock a. m., pursuant to adjournment 
 
 seventh president Palmer in the Chair. 
 
 The President directed the members of the Commission to fill out 
 and make oath to their vouchers for services and expenses, and to hand 
 them to the Secretary, in order that they might be certified by the President 
 and forwarded to the Secretary of the Treasury for payment. 
 
 Mr. Massey, of Delaware, moved that the President have the power 
 to call together the Committee on Permanent Organization at such time 
 as he sees fit before the next meeting of the Commission. The motion 
 was seconded by Mr. Cochran, of Texas, and was carried. 
 
 The Secretary read the minutes of the sixth day's proceedings, and, 
 on motion of Mr. Massey, of Delaware, they were approved. 
 
 The following communication was read by the Secretary: 
 
Minutes of the First Session. 47 
 
 Chicago, Tuly t., i8qo. First sea- 
 
 ISABELLA TO COLUMBUS. seventh 
 
 A cordial invitation is hereby extended to the members of the 
 World's Columbian Commission to call at any time at the headquarters of 
 the Queen ^ Isabella Association, Room 209, 70 State Street, that each 
 Commissioner shall be able to take back to the women of his State a per- 
 sonal knowledge of the objects and methods of the work of the Queen 
 Isabella Association, incorporated under the laws of the State of Illinois, 
 August 17, 1889, for the expressed purpose of advancing the interests of 
 women at the World's Fair. 
 
 By order of the Directors, 
 
 Dr. Frances Dickinson, 
 
 Secretary. 
 On motion of Mr. Price, of Kansas, the invitation was accepted. 
 
 Mr. Skiff, of Colorado (by request), presented the following com- 
 munication: 
 
 Chicago, III., July 3, 1890. 
 To the World' s Columbiaii Couunission: 
 
 I have made a proposition to the World's Columbian Exposition 
 Directors, and which they favorably consider, to place an underground 
 mineral disolav of g^reat size and maofnificence at the World's Fair. 
 
 A shaft, fifty feet by twelve, five hundred feet in depth, the finest 
 ever constructed. A corridor, seven hundred feet by forty, circling around 
 from one side the shaft to the other, that in magnificence would be a 
 dream of beauty. Outside of this corridor a succession of drifts, show- 
 ing the gold, silver, copper, iron, lead, coal, and salt mines of our country 
 "in place," so that the observer could not only see the various kinds of 
 ore, but the position in which it is found in nature. The proposition con- 
 templates a vast expenditure of money and an enormous amount of 
 labor. It should have over two years time for the proper construction. It 
 needs but two hundred by one hundred and twenty-five feet of surface 
 ground. 
 
 If the management desire, it shall cost nothing to tiie Association, 
 in case a charge for admission is allowed, and I feel that no other single 
 attraction would bring as many people to the Fair as this. 
 
 Will this Commission kindly designate a committee to confer with 
 myself and the local committees, with a view of granting a permission, or 
 giving me such assurances as to enable me to proceed with the organi- 
 zation? A delay until late in the fall means a loss of valuable time and 
 great expense. If any great buildings or engineering feat is to be a 
 feature at the Fair, no time is to be lost. The local Committees do not 
 feel like acting without consulting with the Commission. I would give 
 further details, but fear of occupying valuable time restrains me. 
 
 Ed. F. Browne, 
 
 Afi/iing Engineer. 
 
48 World^s Columhian Commission. 
 
 First See- Mr. Goodcll, of Colorado, offered the following resolution on the 
 
 D™'^ same subject : 
 
 Resolved, That the President of the Commission appoint a special 
 committee to consult with the local committees and perfect such plan of 
 details as to the manner in which such an exhibition as proposed by Col. 
 Ed. F. Browne should be regulated and controlled, and report at the next 
 meeting of this Commission ; such committee to consist of three Com- 
 missioners. 
 
 Select Com- The resolution was adopted, and Mr. Deere, of Illinois, Mr. Rich- 
 
 mlttee on 
 
 Exhibft. mond, of Michigan, and Mr. Phillip Allen, Jr., of Wisconsin, were 
 appointed as a special committee to consider this matter. 
 
 The following communication was read by the Secretary : 
 
 Hon. T. W. Palmer, President World's Columbian Commission: 
 
 Sir: I have the honor to inform you that I shall be unable to attend 
 the Commission on July 3, 1890, and have so advised my alternate, Mr. 
 E. B. Fisher, of Grand Rapids, Mich. I am, sir, 
 
 M. Henrv Lane, 
 
 Com7nissio?ier f7'0J?i Michigan. 
 
 The President FLated that, in the absence of instructions, Mr. Fisher 
 would act in the place and be entitled to all the privileges of Mr. Lane. 
 There being no objection, it was so ordered. 
 
 Mr. McKenzie, of Kentucky, as Chairman of the Committee. on Per- 
 manent Organization, submitted the following report : 
 
 Additional The Sub-Committce of the Committee on Permanent Organization 
 
 thtrcom- will meet at the Continental Hotel, Philadelphia, on the third Tuesdav 
 
 niittee on 
 
 perma- in this mouth, and they respectfully ask authority to cable for a full set 
 fion!^*' ^^ ^^""^ reports of the Paris Exposition, and to obtain the benefit of such 
 expert testimony as in their judgment may be necessary; and the expense 
 attending this investigation, including the necessary expense of traveling 
 incurred by the Committee, shall be defrayed out of the appropriation of 
 Congress. 
 
 On motion of Mr. McKenzie, seconded by Mr. McLityre, of South 
 Dakota, the report was adopted. 
 
 8ub-com- xhe followinsf Commissioners were announced as the Sub-Committee; 
 
 mlttrc of t> ^ 
 
 niut.-l'".m Mr. Widener, of Pennsylvania; Mr. Breslin, of New York; Mr. Kerens, 
 
 Pernia- 
 
 ganizi^" o^ Missouri; Mr. Harrison, of Minnesota; Mr. Ewing, of Illinois, and, by 
 
 tiou. 
 
 resolution of the full Committee, the Chairman, Mr. McKenzie, of Ken- 
 tucky, was added to this Sub-C!ommittee. 
 
Minutes of tlie First Session. 49 
 
 Mr, Brainard, of Connecticut, offered the following resolution: First ses- 
 
 ' ^ sion— 
 
 Resolved, That this Commission is satisfied that the World's Colum- Day^"^^ 
 bian Exposition of Chicago has an actual, bona fide, and valid 
 subscription to its capital stock which will secure the payment of at least Endorse- 
 
 1 ' ^ •' ment of 
 
 five million dollars, of which not less than five hundred thousand dollars cfa^i^sSs 
 has been paid in. and that the further sum of five million dollars, making world's 
 in all ten million dollars, will be provided by said corporation in ample bianExpo- 
 time for its needful use during the prosecution of the work for the com- 
 plete preparation of said Exposition. 
 The resolution was adopted. 
 
 Mr. Waller, of Connecticut, offered the following resolution: 
 Resolved, That the alternate members of the Commission shall have Aitematee 
 
 ' powers 
 
 all the rights and privileges of Commissioners except the right to vote '^Q'lduties. 
 when their principals are present. 
 
 The resolution was adopted. 
 
 Mr. McDonald, of California, called up a resolution which he had 
 offered immediately before adjournment yesterday, viz.: 
 
 Whereas, The Commission has, under the Act of Congress, pro- 
 vided for the establishment of a Board of Lady Managers, and no 
 compensation has been arranged for said Lady Managers, therefore be it 
 
 Resolved, That a committee of five be appointed by the President im- 
 mediately to w^ait upon Congress and arrange for an appropriation for the 
 ladies appointed on this Board of Lady Managers. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Waller, of Connecticut, the resolution was referred 
 to the Special Committee appointed to report upon the powers of the 
 Commission. 
 
 Mr. Cochran, of Texas, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved, That the Board. of Lady Managers be, and they are hereby 
 declared and constituted officers of the World^s Columbian Commission, 
 and as such shall receive the compensation of six dollars per diem and 
 traveling expenses. 
 
 Referred to the Committee on Judiciary. 
 
 Mr. Ritchie, of Ohio, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved, That a committee, to be known as the Committee on Ma- 
 chinery and Motive Power, be added to the standing committees, to consist 
 of eight Commissioners. 
 
 Referred to the Committee on Permanent Organization. 
 
 Mr. HoUiday, of Kansas, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved, That in consideration of the efficient services rendered this 
 Commission by Mr. E. M. Smith, the Secretary of this Commission be 
 authorized to pay to Mr. E. M. Smith $200 for such services from the 
 funds appropriated for the expense of this Commission. 
 
50 WorUr s Cohnnhian Comviission, 
 
 First ses- After some discussion, this resolution was referred to the Auditing: 
 
 Dar''' Committee. 
 
 Mr. Massey, of Delaware, offered the following resolution: 
 Recess. Resolved, That when this Commission take a recess to-day, it shall 
 
 take a recess until Wednesday, the 8th day of October, at noon, 1890, 
 unless sooner convened on call by the President. 
 The resolution was adopted. 
 
 The President appointed the following committees: 
 Members of Committee on Titles, Local Facilities, etc.: Mr. Groner, of Vir- 
 
 Cominittee 
 
 on Titles, gjnia; Mr. Ewing, of Illinois; Mr. Butt, of West Virginia; Mr. Garvin, 
 of Indiana; Mr. Skiff, of Colorado; ]Mr. Williams, of Tennessee; Mr. 
 Ferry, of Utah; Mr. Hundley, of Alabama; Mr. Brainard, of Connecticut; 
 Mr. Ryan, of North Dakota. 
 
 Mr. Skiff obtained permission for his alternate, ^Ir. O. C. French, to 
 attend the meetings of this Committee in his absence. 
 Members of The Judiciary Committee: Mr. Massey, of Delaware; Mr. Lindsay, 
 
 commit?ee.Q^ Kentucky; Mr. Sewell, of New Jersey; Mr-. St. Clair, of West Virginia; 
 Mr. Smalley, of Vermont; Mr. Gregg, of Arkansas. 
 
 At the request of Mr. Massey, which was unanimously agreed to, 
 the name of Mr. Lindsay, of Kentucky, was placed first on the Com- 
 mittee. 
 
 Mr. Massey, of Delaware, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved^ That the Special Committee appointed to consider and 
 report on the powers and duties of the Commission be, and they are 
 hereby authorized and empowered to sit during the recess of the Com- 
 mission, at such times and places as they may designate, for a perform- 
 ance of their duty, and shall also have the power to employ a stenog- 
 rapher. 
 
 Resolvedy further y That the Special Committee shall cause 1,000 copies 
 of its report to be printed in convenient form, and have the same ready 
 for distribution among the Commissioners on the first day of the next 
 meeting of the Commission. 
 
 The resolution was adopted. 
 
 Mr. White, of New Mexico, offered the following resolution: 
 Committee Whereas, The forestry interests of our country, including therein the 
 
 *■*' practical branches of the timber and lumber production, are among the 
 
 most important of our domestic industries, the lumber product ranking 
 third in financial value, and only exceeded by agriculture and manu- 
 factures, and 
 
Minutes of the First Session. 61 
 
 Whereas, These interests are separate from any others, are capable First ses 
 of making a large, attractive, and instructive display at the Exposition, l^y^'"'^ 
 and ought to have independent representation, therefore 
 
 Resolved^ That a committee of eight Commissioners be appointed by 
 the Chairman, to be known as the Committee on Forestry and Lumber 
 Exhibit, to have charge of such department. 
 
 The President stated that, under the rules, this resolution would 
 have to be referred without debate to the Committee on Permanent 
 Organization. 
 
 Mr. St. Clair, of West Virginia, moved the suspension of the rules 
 and the adoption of the resolution. 
 
 The rules were suspended, and the resolution was adopted. 
 
 Mr. Groner, of Virginia, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved, That the Committee on Titles and Local Facilities be 
 allowed to sit during the recess of the Commission, and to employ a 
 stenographer. 
 
 The resolution was adopted. 
 
 Mr. Strong, of Tennessee, offered the following Resolution : 
 
 Resolved, That the President appoint a committee of six to fix the 
 salaries of the officers and others in the employ of this Commission, and 
 report to this body their action for ratification or rejection after the recess 
 which this Commission is now about to take. 
 
 After discussion, the resolution was referred to the Executive Com- 
 mittee. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Hundley, of Alabama, seconded by Mr. Cochran, 
 of Texas, the vote by which the claim of Mr. Edwin M. Smith, for $200, 
 was referred to the Auditing Committee was reconsidered, and the Sec- 
 retary was directed to pay the claim, which was for preliminary work 
 done by Mr, Smith in preparing temporary headquarters for the Com- 
 mission. 
 
 The President requested, for his benefit and information, that each 
 member of the Commission furnish him, through the Secretary, a concise 
 biographical sketch, embodying the date and place of birth, where and 
 how educated, in what business or profession the members have engaged, 
 what public positions they have held, and on what committees each 
 Commissioner prefers to serve. 
 
 Mr. Goodell, of Colorado, Chairman of the Committee on Permanent 
 Headquarters, submitted the following report: 
 
52 World^s Columbian Commission. 
 
 First ses- Hon. Thomas W. Palmer, President of the World's Columbian Com- 
 
 8ion— 
 
 seveuth mission : 
 
 ^fho co?n- ^^^ Committee appointed to procure suitable and permanent head- 
 
 Permanent Quarters foT the World's Columbian Commission, and to report their 
 quMierB. action to the Commission, do respectfully recommend: 
 
 jFirst — That the offices of the President, Secretary, and Executive 
 • Committee be located in the Pullman Building, which, in their judgment, 
 
 is central, well ventilated, and fitted with every convenience and modern 
 improvement. The prices charged for these three offices are the same 
 demanded of any other corporation or private individual. There is a 
 portion of this building now under rent to the War Department, and it is, 
 in their judgment, a suitable location for the permanent offices. 
 
 Second — Should the Commission require further accommodations for 
 its various committees, rooms adjoining, and suitable to the work of the 
 committees, will be provided at the fixed schedule of prices. 
 
 Third — In view of the fact that the entire Commission will not, in all 
 probability, be summoned to Chicago very frequently during the next 
 year, the Committee recommend that no hall be rented at present, but 
 that the Secretary be empowered, upon consultation with the President, 
 to procure and provide such a hall whenever the Commission is called 
 together. 
 
 Fourth^ The Committee, however, is empowered by the Second Vice- 
 President of the Chicago Board (Mr. Potter Palmer) to offer to the Com- 
 mission for its temporary or permanent meetings the club-room of the 
 Palmer House, with a seating capacity of from 200 to 275. This is a 
 very commodious and central location, and the only objection to. it is that 
 the public-spirited Vice-President, Mr. Potter Palmer, refuses any com- 
 pensation for its use. 
 
 Having completed its duties, which were simply to recommend suit- 
 able quarters, your Committee asks that the President and Secretary be 
 empowered to complete the negotiations during the adjournment of the 
 Commission, and that they may be discharged from the further considera- 
 tion of the subject. 
 
 R. E. GoODELL, Chairman, 
 Charlton H. Way, 
 C. H. Deere. 
 
 Mr. Goodell also stated for the Committee that Messrs. Drake, Parker 
 & Co., proprietors of the Grand Pacific Hotel, offered, free of charge to 
 the Commission, the same facilities for meeting which the Commission 
 has enjoyed during the present session. 
 
 The written and verbal report of the Committee was unanimously 
 adopted. 
 
Minutes of the First Session. 53 
 
 Mr. McDonald, of California, offered the following resolution, which First sea- 
 was unanimously adopted: Day^°*^ 
 
 Resolved, That the sincere thanks of the World's Columbian Com- 
 mission are hereby tendered to Messrs. Drake, Parker & Co., the propri- 
 etors of the Grand Pacific Hotel, Chicago, for the free use of the rooms 
 so generously tendered to this Commission for its meetings and business 
 purposes, and that this resolution be entered upon the official minutes 
 of the proceedings of this Commission. 
 
 Mr. Kerens, of Missouri, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved, That the thanks of this Commission be and are hereby Thanks to 
 
 ' ■' Officers. 
 
 tendered to the President, Secretary, and other officers of the Commis- 
 sion, for the impartial and uniform consideration shown to all the 
 members of the Commission. 
 
 The resolution was unanimously adopted. 
 
 Mr. Strong, of Tennessee, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved, That our thanks are due and are hereby given to the soci- 
 eties, clubs, and the citizens of Chicago in general, who have so hand- 
 somely entertained us during our stay in this city, and that we especially 
 thank the members of the press for their aid and kindness to this Com- 
 mission. 
 
 The resolution was unanimously adopted. 
 
 Mr. St. Clair, of West Virginia, moved that the Committee on By- 
 Laws, when appointed, shall have authority to sit during the recess of the 
 Commission, and be given power to employ a stenographer. 
 
 The motion was carried. 
 
 In accordance with the resolution previously adopted at this session, First ses- 
 ori motion of Mr. Massey, of Delaware, the Commission took a recess ^^-"^"^^^ 
 until 12 o'clock noon, October 8, 1890, unless sooner called together by 
 the President. 
 
OFFICIAL MINUTES 
 
 OF THE 
 
 World s Columbian Commission 
 
 Second Session— First Day, Monday, Sept. 15, 1890. 
 
 The Commission met at 12 noon, September 15th, in the Andrews |econd^se8. 
 Hall, 215 Wabash Avenue, in accordance with the following call of the *^" 
 President, which was mailed to each of the Commissioners on August 8, 
 1890: 
 
 I am directed by President Palmer to notify you that he has decided ran for 
 to reconvene the World's Columbian Commission, in this city, at 12 
 o'clock noon, Monday, September 15, 1890, and this is to notify you to 
 be present at said meeting. 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 John T. Dickinson, 
 
 Secretary. 
 
 At the invitation of the President, Rev. David Swing, D. D., offered 
 prayer. 
 
 The roll was called, and the following Commissioners and Alter- 
 nates were present : 
 
 Commissioners- at-Large. — California, M. L. McDonald; Kentucky, Ro"-ca»- 
 W. Lindsay; Massachusetts, A. G. Bullock; Michigan, T. W. Palmer; Mis- 
 souri, R. C. Kerens; New York, G. W. Allen; Pennsylvania, P. A. B. 
 Widener; Texas, H. Exall. 
 
 Commissioners of the States. — Alabama, F. G. Bromberg, O. R. 
 Hundley; Arkansas, J. D. Adams, L. Gregg; Colorado, R. E. Goodell, F. 
 J. V. Skiff; Connecticut, Leverett Brainard, T. M. Waller; Delaware, 
 G. V. Massey, W. H. Porter; Florida, J. Hirst, R. Turnbull; Georgia, L. 
 McLaws, C. H. Way; Idaho, G. A. Manning; Illinois, A. T. Ewing; 
 Indiana, T. E. Garvin, E. B. Martindale; Iowa, W. I. Buchanan, W. F. 
 
 55 
 
56 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 ^^sesefon- "^^^^^5 Kansas, C. K. Holliday, Jr., F. W. Lanyon, alternate; Kentucky, 
 FirstDay. J Bennett, J. A. McKenzie; Louisiana, D. B. Penn, P. J. McMahon, 
 alternate; Maine, A. R. Bixby, C. S. Edwards, alternate; Maryland, G. 
 M. Upshur, alternate; Massachusetts, F. W. Breed; Michigan, M. H. 
 Lane; Minnesota, M. B. Harrison, O. V. Tousley; Mississippi, J. ^[. 
 Bynum, R. L. Saunders; Missouri, T. B. Bullene; Montana, L. H. 
 Hershfield; Nebraska, Euclid Martin, A, G. Scott; Nevada, J. W. Haines, 
 G. Russell; New Hampshire, F. E. Kaley, alternate; New Jersey, W. J. 
 Sewell, T. Smith; New York, J. B. Thacher, J. H. Breslin, alternate;' 
 North Carolina, A. B. Andrews, T. B. Keogh; North Dakota, H. P. 
 Rucker, M. Ryan; Ohio, W. Ritchie, L. C. Cron, alternate; Oregon 
 M. Wilkins; Pennsylvania, W. McClelland, J. W. Woodside; Rhode 
 Island, G. C. Sims; South Carolina, E. L. Roche, alternate; South 
 Dakota, M. H. Day; Tennessee, R. Strong, A. B. Hurt, alternates; 
 Texas, A. M. Cochran, J. T. Dickinson; Vermont, H. H. Mclntyre, 
 
 B. B. Smalley; Virginia, V, D. Groner, J. T. Harris; Washington, 
 
 C. B. Bagley, alternate; West Virginia, J. D. Butt, J. W. St. Clair; Wis- 
 consin, P. Allen, Jr.; Wyoming, H. G. Hay, A. S. Mercer, alternate; Ari- 
 zona, G. F. Coats; New Mexico, T. C. Gutierfes, R. M. White; Oklahoma, 
 O. Beeson, J. D. Miles; Utah, P. H. Lannan, W\ M. Ferry, alternate; 
 District of Columbia, A. A. Wilson, E. K. Johnson, alternate. — Total, 85, 
 
 Mr. Way, of Georgia, moved that the Commissioners proceed to draw 
 seats by lot. 
 
 Mr. Cochran, of Texas, moved to amend the motion so that the 
 drawing would be by States. 
 
 Mr. McDonald, of California, suggested that the amendment provide 
 for giving precedence to the Commissioners-at-Large, as representing 
 the United States, which was accepted. The amendment prevailed, and 
 the original motion as amended was adopted. 
 
 By direction of the President the drawing proceeded, after reserving 
 the first eight numbers for the Commissioners-at-Large. 
 
 The minutes of the last meeting, Thursday, July 3d, were approved 
 and adopted. 
 
 Secretary Dickinson submitted the following report: 
 
 Report of Office of the Secretary of the World's Columbian 
 
 the Secre- /^ 
 
 tary. COMMISSION. 
 
 Chicago, September 15, 1890. 
 To the World's Columbian Covwiission: 
 
 Gentlemen: In compliance with resolution of the Commission at its 
 
Minutes of the Second Session, 67 
 
 last meeting, that the offices of the President and Secretary and Execu- second 
 tive Committee be located in the Pullman Building, the Secretary imme- First Day. 
 diately after the adjournment of the Commission engaged suite No. 905, 
 in said building, which he occupied until September ist. On that date 
 the suite Nos. 603 604, and 605 was engaged for the use of the Secre- 
 tary's ofiice and for the several committees called to meet before the 
 assembling of the Commission, and suite No. 905 was prepared for the 
 use of the President, which he now occupies. 
 
 In further compliance with the resolution above referred to, after 
 consultation with the President and examination of the various halls near 
 the leading hotels, I accepted a proposition of A. H. Andrews & Co. to 
 furnish this hall with desks, build a rostrum and otherwise arrange for 
 this meeting, for ten dollars per day, giving the Commission exclusive 
 use of the hall day and night for this sum. The hall has been decorated 
 free of charge by the Chicago Costume and Decorating Company. 
 
 I have the honor to submit herewith communication from Mr. J. H. 
 Kingwill, Assistant Secretary of the World's Columbian Exposition Asso- 
 ciation, of Chicago, transmitting copy of resolution adopted by the Local 
 Directory, September 9, 1890, desiring to add to the site tendered and 
 accepted July ist last an area of about ninety acres of the north or 
 improved portion of Jackson Park, and also the area known as Midway 
 Plaisance, adjoining said park, containing about seventy acres. 
 
 In compliance with resolution of the Commission at its last meeting, 
 I have had prepared a handsome commission to be issued to the Lady 
 Managers and alternates as soon as all the Commissioners have handed 
 in their nominations and the President announces the appointments. 
 
 At the request of the President of this Commission, the Secretary of 
 the Treasury has decided that the Secretary of this Commission shall 
 certify to all the accounts of the Commission for payment by the Secre- 
 tary of the Treasury. 
 
 For the information of the Commission, I submit herewith the accom- 
 panying communications from the Treasury Department: 
 
 No. I. Declining to pay the voucher of E. M. Smith for two hundred 
 dollars, approved by the resolution of the Commission at its last meeting. 
 
 No. 2. Decision of the Honorable First Comptroller of the Treasury 
 relative to the payment of subsistence and traveling expenses to alternate 
 Commissioners whose principals were in attendance upon a portion of 
 the same session during which their accounts accrued. 
 
 No. 3. Decision rendered to Commissioner Groner, of Virginia, in 
 reference to allowing alternates mileage and per diem where their Com- 
 missioners attend the same meeting of the Commission. 
 
58 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 s«;ond _ No. 4. Telegram from the Honorable First Comptroller of the 
 
 First Day. Treasury deciding that Commissioners can elect officers from their own 
 number. 
 
 The foregoing are about the most important matters in the Secre- 
 tary's office for immediate consideration by the Commission. 
 
 As the Commission at its last meeting took no action in reference to 
 the expenses of the Secretary's office, I have personally paid these 
 expenses, taking receipts therefor, preferring not to send any of these 
 vouchers to the Secretary of the Treasury for payment until the Com- 
 mission had taken some official action authorizing me to do so. 
 
 During the recess of the Commission, my correspondence with the 
 Commissioners and public generally has been somewhat voluminous, and 
 I desire to return my thanks to the Commissioners for the kind and court 
 ecus manner with which they have treated me. I have the honor to be, 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 
 John T. Dickinson, 
 
 Secretary. 
 
 (Accompanying the Secretary's Report.) 
 
 FROM THE world's COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 
 
 Chicago, September n, 1890. 
 Hon John T. Dickinson, Secretary World's Columbian Commission, 
 Chicago : 
 
 Dear Sir: Will you kindly communicate to your Commission at its 
 next session the following resolution, unanimously adopted at a meeting of 
 the Board of Directors of the World's Columbian Exposition, held on 
 Tuesday, September 9, 1890: 
 
 Whereas, Uncertainty seems to exist throughout the commiunity 
 and also outside of Chicago in regard to the site for the World's Colum- 
 bian Exposition: and, 
 
 Whereas, No official action has been taken by this Board upon the 
 matter of site inconsistent with the proceedings of July ist last; therefore. 
 
 Resolved, That having fully considered the recent reports of the Com- 
 mittee on Buildings and Grounds respecting the site heretofore selected, 
 and the other sites which have been offered, the Board of Directors finds 
 no sufficient reason for changing its position evidenced by the resolution 
 unanimously adopted upon said July ist last, the terms of which were 
 concurred in and accepted on the following day by the National Commission. 
 
 Further Resolved, That the National Commission be officially informed 
 that this Board desires to add to the site tendered and accepted July ist 
 last, an area of about ninety acres of the north or improved portion of 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 59 
 
 Jackson Park, and also the area known as Midway Plaisance, adjoining second ^ 
 said park, containing about seventy acres. ^*"*^ ^^• 
 
 Respectfully yours, 
 
 J. H. KiNGWILL, 
 
 Approved: Assistant Secretary. 
 
 Lyman J. Gage, President. 
 
 Account of E. M. Smith. 
 
 Treasury Department, 
 Office of the Secretary, 
 Washington, D. C, July 30, 1890. 
 Mr. John T. Dickinson, Secretary World's Columbian Commi-ssion, 
 Chicago, 111.: 
 
 Sir: I am in receipt of your letter of the 26th instant, transmitting 
 the voucher of Mr. E. M. Smith, which reads as follows: " For services 
 rendered in fitting up with furniture, etc., and caring for the room occu- 
 pied by the World's Columbian Commission from June 26 to July 3, 
 1890, as per attached approved resolution dated July 3, 1890, $200." 
 
 I must decline to approve the account without a more specific state- 
 ment as to the exact service performed and articles furnished, because, 
 as the voucher now reads, it must be regarded as a charge for personal 
 services, and would, for the period mentioned, amount to $25 per day. 
 This is regarded as an exorbitant charge. 
 
 If Mr. Smith provided the furniture at his own expense, and placed 
 it in the room for the use of the Commission, the voucher should so state. 
 If, however, this furniture was provided by the proprietor of the Grand 
 Pacific Hotel, and Mr. Smith merely superintended the fitting up of the 
 room, this department would not be warranted in approving the account. 
 
 The resolution, as passed by the Commission, refers to services 
 rendered. It is questionable whether any services rendered prior to 
 June 26, 1890, before the organization of the Commission, can properly 
 be paid for under the resolution. 
 
 Since the account was received at this office, a protest has been 
 filed against its payment. Accompanying the letter of protest is a printed 
 slip, from which it appears that as early as May 26, 1890, Mr. Smith 
 issued a circular, which reads as follows: 
 
 The World's Exposition, 
 Headquarters of the National Commission, 
 Grand Pacific Hotel, 
 Edmund M. Smith, Acting Sergeant-at-Arms. 
 
 Chicago, III., May 26, 1890. 
 Dear Sir: The proprietors of the Grand Pacific Hotel of this city, 
 Messrs. Drake, Parker & Co., having tendered a suitable room at their 
 
60 World s Columbian Commission. 
 
 Second hotel for use as an office, and for meeting purposes of the World's 
 First Day. Exposition National ("ommission, as also for use as headquarters of the 
 Commission until such time as the organization of the Commission may 
 be perfected and arrangements made for permanent headquarters for the 
 use of the Commission and its officers, I respectfully notify you that 
 you will receive due notice of the first meeting of the National Commis- 
 sion at these headquarters. Kindly advise me a reasonable time in 
 advance of your arrival at Chicago, in order that suitable apartments 
 may be reserved and ready for you upon your arrival. Please acknowl- 
 edge receipt. 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Edmund M. Smith, 
 
 Actifjg Sergeant-at-ArjHS. 
 
 If it be true that such a circular was issued by Mr. Smith, he was 
 of course acting without authority, and although his services may have 
 been of value to individual members of the Commission, I must hold, in 
 view of the information now in my possession, that no payment can be 
 made to Mr. Smith for services rendered prior to June 26, 1890; neither 
 can I approve the payment to Mr. Smith, for personal services alone, of 
 a sum representing a compensation of $25 per diem. 
 
 Respectfully yours, 
 
 W. WiNDOM, 
 
 Secretary. 
 
 Decision of the First Comptroller. 
 
 Washington, D. C, August 5, 1890. 
 Hon. John T. Dickinson, Secretary World's Columbian Commission, 
 Chicago, 111. 
 
 Sir: For your information, I enclose herewith a copy of the decision 
 of the Honorable First Comptroller, rendered July 21, 1890, relative to 
 the payment of subsistence and traveling expenses to alternate Commis- 
 sioners whose principals were in attendance upon a portion of the same 
 session during which their accounts accrued. 
 
 Respectfully yours, 
 
 Fred. Brackett, 
 
 Chief Clerk. 
 
 Treasury Department, 
 First Comptroller's Office, 
 Washington, D. C, July 21, 1890. 
 Hon. William Windom, Secretary of the Treasury: 
 
 Sir: In reply to your letter of the i8th inst., asking my opinion 
 whether a Commissioner of the World's Columbian Exposition and his 
 alternate Commissioner may attend the same meeting, but on different 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 61 
 
 days, and be allowed their expenses, the following is respectfully sub- second 
 
 , o I- ^ Session— 
 
 mitted: First Day. 
 
 In Section 3 of the act of April 25, 1890, are these words: "And in 
 the same manner and within the same time there shall be appointed two 
 alternate Commissioners from each State and Territory of the United 
 States and the District of Columbia, who shall assume and perform the 
 duties of such Commissioner or Commissioners as may be unable to 
 attend the meetings of said Commissioners." 
 
 It is my opinion that these words provide for the attendance of an 
 alternate when the Commissioner of the same political party and from 
 the same State or Territory is unable to attend a meeting of the Com- 
 missioners, but they do not provide for the attendance of an alternate in 
 the absence of a Commissioner from a daily session. The word 
 " meeting " in this connection must be taken to include the whole time 
 from the assembling of the Commissioners in Chicago (or the place of 
 meeting) until final adjournment, and not as applicable to daily sessions. 
 
 Perhaps this rule should not be applied when a meeting lasts 
 for — say — several weeks and a Commissioner after attending a part of 
 the meeting is compelled to be absent for the remaining portion of the 
 meeting and notifies his alternate to attend and thereupon the alternate 
 appears and attends for a considerable portion of the meeting. Under 
 such circumstances it would seem a hardship not to allow the expenses 
 of the alternate. 
 
 It has been suggested that this rule is not consistent with Section 
 19 of the law. That section provides — 
 
 " That the Commissioners and Alternate Commissioners appointed 
 under this act shall not be entitled to any compensation for their 
 services out of the Treasury of the United States, except their actual 
 expenses for transportation and the sum of six dollars per day for sub- 
 sistence for each day they are necessarily absent from their homes on 
 the business of said Commission." 
 
 An alternate is not " necessarily absent from his home on the 
 business of the said Commission," only when notified that his presence 
 is required by his principal. If he should be otherwise present and 
 render service at the sessions of the Commission, he would not be entitled 
 to pay, under the law. He can only attend the meetings, with pay, when 
 his principal is unable to attend. 
 
 I fully concur with the view of the law taken by you. I suggest, 
 however, the propriety of the payment of the claims of Messrs. Mercer 
 and Fischer, in view of the fact that their accounts accrued at the first 
 meeting of the Commission, when no rule had been announced on the 
 subject, and when the law was not fully understood. 
 
 Very respectfully, 
 
 A. C. Matthews, 
 
 Comptroller. . 
 
62 World's Columhian Commission. 
 
 second LETTER TO COMMISSIONER GrONER. 
 
 ScBslon— 
 First Day. 
 
 Treasury Department, 
 First Comptroller's Office, 
 Washington, D. C, September 4, 1890. 
 General V. D, Groner, Norfolk, Virginia: 
 
 Sir: Your letter is before me, and in reply thereto I have the honor to 
 say that there is much good judgment expressed in your view of the 
 question. 
 
 The regulations provide that ''no expense incurred for transportation 
 or subsistence of alternate Commissioners will be allowed except for the 
 period during which they assume and perform the duties of the Com- 
 missioner whom they represent, and when the principal is unable to attend 
 the called meeting in connection with which the expense is incurred." 
 
 In your case you notified your alternate that you would be unable 
 to attend the meeting of the Commission on the 26th of June, and 
 requested him to attend, which he did. Your request was his authority 
 to attend, and authorizes the payment of his attendance and expenses to 
 Chicago and return. He was paid from June 23d to July 2d, both days 
 inclusive, at $6 per day. He was entitled to this sum for each day he was 
 necessarily absent from his home on the business of the Commission. 
 This would include his reasonably necessary time in going and returning. 
 
 On the 26th of June your business affairs were such that you were 
 unable to go to Chicago in person. You assumed the duties of the office 
 June 30th, and remained until adjournment, when you returned to Nor- 
 folk, July 5th. 
 
 In view of the fact that this was the first meeting of the Commis- 
 sion, I think your course was warranted by the circumstances, and your 
 bill will be paid as presented. I deem it expedient, however, to state that, 
 hereafter, when an Alternate has been requested prior to the meeting to 
 attend, as a Commissioner, and does attend, that the principal will 
 neither be allowed transportation or per diem during the time he so 
 attends, and for such time as the Alternate is necessarily absent from 
 his home, in going and returning, on the business of the Commission. 
 The appropriation will not warrant double expense accounts. The 
 attendance of either the principal or the Alternate will meet the require- 
 ments of the law, but both can not be allowed to attend at the expense 
 of the Government at the same time. 
 
 This rule can work no embarrassment or confusion. The principal 
 will have the management in his own hands. The Alternate will not 
 assume to attend at public expense, unless directed by his principal, 
 and the principal should not attend himself until the return of his 
 Alternate. This will prevent all clashing by putting the matter in the 
 hands of the parties themselves. 
 
 I am, sir, very respectfully, Your obedient servant, 
 
 A. C. Matthews, Comptroller. 
 
 il! 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. ' 63 
 
 rTelee^ram.l second 
 
 L ^ -• Session- 
 
 First Day 
 
 Washington, D. C, September ii, 1890. 
 
 Hon. Jas. a. McKenzie, Chairman World's Fair Committee, Pullman 
 Building: 
 
 No such decision has been rendered; on the contrary, it is held that 
 the Commissioners may elect officers from among their own members who 
 may receive such compensation as the Commission may fix and the 
 Secretary of the Treasury approve. The question of whether they can 
 receive double compensation has not been decided. 
 
 A. C. Matthews, 
 
 Coviptroller. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Massey, of Delaware, it was voted that the report 
 of the Secretary, with the accompanying documents, should lie upon . 
 the table and be printed for the information of the Commission. 
 
 Mr. McKenzie, of Kentucky, as Chairman of the Committee on 
 Permanent Organization, submitted the following report : 
 
 REP OR T of the Committee on Permanent Organization through its Chair- Rpport of 
 man^ Hon, Jas. A. McKenzie^ of Kentucky^ containing a?i Account of pJrm^^" 
 the Proceedi72gs of said Comtnittee. Subfnitted to the Conmiission llniza^-*^ 
 September 15, 1890. 
 
 Chicago, September 15, 1890. 
 
 Hon. Thomas W. Palmer, President World's Columbian Commis- 
 sion: 
 
 Sir : The Sub-Committee of the Committee on Permanent Organi- 
 zation, consisting of J. A. McKenzie, Chairman, P. A. B. Widener, R. C. 
 Kerens, M. B. Harrison, A. T. Ewing, and J. H. Breslin, under authority 
 of a resolution adopted by the National Commission at its session July 3, 
 1890, authorizing the Sub-Committee to meet at such place or places, and 
 obtain the benefit of such expert testimony as in their judgment might 
 be necessary to formulate a plan of organization for the proper conduct 
 of the affairs of the World's Columbian Exposition, coupled with the 
 authority to employ a stenographer and to provide for the expense of con- 
 ducting such investigation, including the expense of such traveling as 
 might be necessary by the Committee, etc., beg leave respectfully to report 
 to the full Committee the result of their labors : 
 
 During the recess of the National Commission, your Sub-Committee 
 have held a series of meetings, first at Philadelphia on the 3d Tuesday 
 of July last, and following that by meetings at New York, Washington, 
 Cincinnati, and Chicago, looking to the formulation of a plan of organi- 
 zation of the World's Columbian Commission and the definition of the 
 powers and duties of the officers and various committees of that body. 
 Deeply impressed with the responsibilities of the delicate and difficult 
 
 tion. 
 
64 World^ s Columhlan Commission, 
 
 Second task confidcd to us, and feeling: that our experience had not specially 
 
 Session- * ... , , , . . 
 
 First Day. trained us for such a task, we deemed it wisest to seek the advice of 
 gentlemen who have had experience in the management of enterprises 
 similar in scope and design to the one in which we are engaged. Fol- 
 lowing this idea, we naturally went to Philadelphia for the purpose of 
 consultation with the surviving members of the Centennial Commission 
 of 1876, who inaugurated and conducted the most successful exhibition 
 of American products, and the progress of American civilization, ever 
 held on this continent. We asked a conference with the surviving mem- 
 bers of the Centennial Board of Finance and such surviving Com- 
 missioners of States as took active part in the organization and conduct 
 of that great Exhibition, as could be brought together in that city. 
 Through the courtesy of Mayor Fitler, of Philadelphia, a meeting was 
 held in his office at which there were present: Hon. Thomas Cochran, 
 late President of the Centennial Board of Finance; Hon. John Baird, 
 Hon. \V. V. McKean, Hon. Amos R. Little, Hon. Frederick Fraley, Hon. 
 Wm. S. Stokeley, Hon. Thomas Donaldson, Hon. Mr. Peyton, and Hon. 
 Thomas Dolan. 
 
 These gentlemen were interrogated as to the organization of the 
 Centennial Exposition, the difficulties encountered therein, the powers, 
 duties, and limitations of the several officers and committees connected 
 with the organization of that Exposition, information concerning which 
 they gave with such fullness and circumstantiality of detail that we have 
 deemed it best to give their statements in full in the form of an appen- 
 dix to this report, for your consideration and with the view to lay them 
 before the National Commission. These statements, stenographically 
 reported, will be found in a series of appendices herewith submitted. 
 
 Proceeding to New York, we had an interview with General Alfred 
 T. Goshorn, late Director-General of the Centennial Exposition of 
 1876, and Gov. Richard C. McCormick, late Commissioner-General of 
 the American Department of the Paris ^Exposition of 1878, all of which 
 will be found in an appendix herewith submitted, and which your 
 Sub-Committee deem so valuable and so full of wise and pertinent 
 suggestions that they have deemed it best to publish in full, rather than 
 to attempt a summarization in this report. 
 
 President Thos. W. Palmer, of the National Commission, and Hon. 
 John T. Dickinson, Secretary of that body, did your Sub-Committee Llie 
 honor to join them at Philadelphia and New York, and participate in 
 these interviews and discussions. 
 
 Proceeding to Washington, we called on the President of the United 
 States, and the Heads of Departments, and asked their cooperation in 
 the effort to make the World's Columbian Exposition a success, of which 
 cooperation we were cordially assured. While there we called upon Dr. 
 G. Brown Goode, of the Smithsonian Institution, a gentleman whose 
 training pre-eminently fits him for preparing a general system of classi- 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. Qb 
 
 fication for so extensive an undertaking as the World's Fair, andsecond^^_ 
 requested him to prepare a system of groupings and classifications, ^*'*«t ^*y- 
 embracing, specifically, Science, Art, History, and Popular Education, to 
 be grouped with the general exhibits of Agriculture, Horticulture, and 
 the Live Stock classification, which latter, through the courtesy and 
 supervision of the Hon. J. M. Rusk, Secretary of the Department of 
 Agriculture, had already been prepared by Mr. G. E. Gordon, under the 
 direction of the Department of Agriculture, most of which classifications 
 are promised us by the time of the assembling of the National Com- 
 mission, and which we hope to lay before that body at that time. We 
 also had an interview with Hon. Robert P. Porter, Superintendent of the 
 Eleventh Census, and he very kindly consented to act conjointly with 
 Dr. Goode in the preparation of a general classification, which we trust 
 will be received in time to be presented as an appendix to our report. 
 
 In this connection it is proper to say that General Thomas Donaldson, 
 a gentleman who was for four years connected with the Philadelphia 
 Centennial, and whose ability eminently fits him for such work, prepared 
 at our request a general outline plan for the organization of all the details 
 of the Columbian Exposition, which is printed in the appendix, and to 
 which we respectfully refer. 
 
 We also take pleasure in saying that, at our request, Mr. William E. 
 Curtis, of the State Department at Washington, prepared and submitted 
 to us a general outline plan of matters pertaining to exhibits from Latin 
 America, which is respectfully referred for your consideration and that of 
 the National Commission. This very able and interesting paper is pre- 
 sented as one of the appendices to this report. 
 
 Proceeding to Cincinnati, we had the pleasure of an interview with 
 the Hon. James Allison, late President of the Centennial Exposition of 
 the Ohio Valley and Central States, which, largely through his executive 
 ability, was made a great success, obtaining his views as to what should 
 be the powers and duties of the Director-General and the various com- 
 mittees of the World's Columbian Exposition. This interview, which was 
 stenographically reported, we greatly regret to say has, up to this time, 
 failed to reach us, but we trust to be able to lay the valuable information 
 obtained from him before the National Commission during its present 
 session, as one of the appendices to our report. 
 
 We deem it proper to say, while it has no direct bearing upon the 
 general subject-matter which our Sub-Committee was appointed especially 
 to consider, that two distinguished and public-spirited citizens in the East, 
 Hon. George W. Childs, of the Public Ledger, and Hon. John Hoey, Presi- 
 dent of the Adams Express Company, tendered to us for exhibition at 
 the World^s Fair many articles of rare historic and artistic interest. These 
 exhibits, which we are authorized by the above gentlemen to tender to the 
 National Commission, are a series of articles which will excite universal 
 
66 WorW s Columhian Commission, 
 
 Second interest, and a catalogue of them will be furnished to the National 
 First Day. Commission. 
 
 Your Sub-Committee desire further to state, that during their stay in 
 Philadelphia they were the recipients of an entertainment tendered them 
 by His Honor, Mayor Fitler, of that city, at which they had the pleasure 
 of meeting the following gentlemen: Hon. Anthony J. Drexel, George W. 
 Childs, T. Pratt McKean, Daniel Dougherty, Jesse Seligman, Dr. Andrews, 
 Alfred Baker, Wm. L. Elkins, and Ex-Mayor Stokeley, with others, nearly 
 all of whom were largely identified with the management of the Philadel- 
 phia Centennial Exposition. A full, free, and informal talk on the general 
 subject-matter in which your Sub-Committee are engaged was indulged in 
 at the social board of His Honor. No special report, however, was made 
 of that conference, but your Sub-Committee are grateful to these gentlemen 
 for their very valuable suggestions and information imparted on that 
 occasion. 
 
 In order to facilitate the work of the National Commission, we 
 authorized the purchase of io6 full sets, of nine volumes each, of the 
 Centennial Reports of 1876, one set of which has been, or will be, 
 delivered by the Secretary of the National Commission to each individual 
 Commissioner. 
 
 Your Sub-Committee have been profoundly impressed in the investi- 
 gation they have made of the public records of Fairs, National and 
 International, from the World's Fair in London of 1851, down to the 
 Paris Exposition of 1889, and from the consensus of opinion of gentlemen 
 to whom we have alluded in this report, and whose statements are 
 embodied in full in our appendix, your Committee are led to conclude 
 that the central and dominant idea in the success of any great Fair is 
 concentration of authority and giving to the Director-General, or that 
 ofificial having chief control, a power only limited by the superior authority 
 of the Executive Committee. 
 
 After the arrival of your Sub-Committee in the City of Chicago, on 
 the 9th September, the following additional proceedings were had by the 
 Committee on Permanent Organization: 
 
 Professor Putnam, of Harvard University, presented to the Com- 
 mittee a plan for an archaeological collection showing the remains of 
 primitive man on this continent, also the prehistoric civilizations of the 
 South American races generally. His plan, which is one of large 
 research and labor, and which your Committee cordially commend to the 
 consideration of the Commission, is herewith submitted as one of the 
 appendices to this report. 
 
 Mr. McDonald, of California, laid before the Committee a plan 
 for a comprehensive and thorough exhibit of the mines and mining 
 resources of the world, especially of the Great West, and on motion of 
 Commissioner Widener, Commissioners McDonald and Goodell were 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 67 
 
 appointed a Sub-Committee to prepare data in documentary form for second ^ 
 submission to the National Commission, which paper will appear as an First Day. 
 appendix to this report. 
 
 The question involving the powers and duties of the Board of Lady 
 Managers has been made the subject of a separate report, which will be 
 hereafter submitted to this Commission. 
 
 The outline plan of the general organization of the World's Colum- 
 bian Commission, and the definition of the powers and duties of the 
 officers and committees of the same, submitted by the Sub-Committee 
 to the full Committee on Permanent Organization, and by them consid- 
 ered at their several meetings lately held in the City of Chicago, and 
 having been carefully discussed line by line and section by section, and 
 having been thoroughly revised and amended, and unanimously agreed 
 to, as is evidenced by the signatures of all the members of the Com- 
 mittee on Permanent Organization thereto, they beg leave respectfully 
 to submit to the National Commission the following reports, the result 
 of their labors. 
 
 All of which is respectfully submitted. 
 
 J. A. McKenzie, 
 
 Chairman. 
 
 REPORT of the Coitiinittee on Permanent Organizatiofi on Officers and o^q,^x?. 9,xi^ 
 Committees of the World's Colufnbian Commission^ September 15, 1890. commit- 
 
 Chicago, September 15, 1890. 
 Hon. Thos. W. Palmer, President World's Columbian Commission: 
 
 Sir: At the first meeting of this Commission, on June 26, 1890, 
 the following resolution was adopted : 
 
 ''Resolved, That a Committee on Permanent Organization, consisting 
 of twelve, be appointed by the Chair in the spirit of the Act of Con- 
 gress, to recommend a list of permanent offices necessary to the proper 
 conduct of this Commission, and to define the duties pertaining to the 
 same ; and they shall further report what standing committees should 
 be appointed, and the duties and powers of each." 
 
 In accordance with this resolution we have the honor to submit the 
 following, as the powers and duties of the permanent officers and 
 standing committees of this Commission : 
 
 DUTIES OF THE PRESIDENT. 
 
 The President shall preside oVer all the meetings of the Commission, 
 and shall appoint all committees, unless otherwise directed by the 
 Commission, and he shall have all the powers and authority incident to 
 the office of President. The President may, at his own motion, or at 
 the written request of a majority of the Executive Committee or of 
 one-third of the members of the Commission shall, call a meeting of 
 the Commission, by giving each member reasonable notice of the time 
 and place of such meeting. 
 
68 World^s Columbian Commission. 
 
 Second DUTIES OF THE VICE-PRESIDENTS. 
 
 Session- 
 First Day. . ... 
 
 In the absence of the President, Vice-Presidents, in their numerical 
 order, shall perform the duties of the President. In the absence of the 
 Vice-Presidents, the Commission shall appoint a Chairman ^r^ tgm. 
 
 DUTIES OF THE SECRETARY. 
 
 The Secretary shall conduct the correspondence of the Commission 
 and shall be the custodian of all documents and records relating to the 
 business of the Commission. He shall keep a full and accurate record of 
 the proceedings of the Commission and of the Executive Committee, and 
 make report of same from time to time, as may be required. He shall 
 have power to appoint his assistant secretaries and to select his clerical 
 force, subject to the approval of the Executive Committee. He shall keep 
 all accounts of the Commission and certify the same to the Secretary of 
 the Treasury for payment. The papers, accounts, and records of the Sec- 
 retary shall, at all times, be open to the inspection of any member of 
 the Commission. 
 
 Director-General. 
 
 Duties. 
 
 He shall exercise such supervision, direction, and control of the 
 operation of the World's Columbian Exposition as will tend to promote 
 the efficiency of every agency employed; and to this end, and on ques- 
 tions of general policy and administration, it shall be his duty to avail 
 himself of the judgment of the Executive Comrnittee, and be subject to 
 their direction. He shall be authorized and instructed to assume all such 
 executive powers and functions as shall be necessary to secure prompt- 
 ness, efficiency, and good faith in every department of the work. 
 
 I. Executive Committee. 
 
 JDuties. 
 
 The Executive Committee shall have all the powers of the National 
 "Commission when that body is not in session, excepting cases in which 
 the Act of Congress in express terms requires the action of the Commis- 
 sioners, or a majority of the Commissioners. 
 
 2. Committee on Rules, By-Laws, and Regulations. 
 
 Duties. 
 They shall formulate rules, by-laws, and regulations for submission 
 to the Commission. 
 
 3. Committee on Tariffs and Transportation. 
 
 They shall have consideration of all matters relating to tariffs, bonding 
 and releasing of goods, and the transportation of goods, that may be 
 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 69 
 
 referred to them by the National Commission, in conjunction with such second 
 officers of the Treasury as may be appointed. ^'•'^'^ ^*y- 
 
 4. Committee on Foreign Affairs. 
 jDuties. 
 They shall have charge of all matters pertaining to the foreign exhibits 
 of the Exposition that may be referred to them by the National Commis- 
 sion or the Executive Committee. 
 
 5. Committee on Legislation. 
 Duties. 
 They shall have consideration of all matters pertaining to National, 
 State, Territorial, or Municipal legislation affecting this Exposition. 
 
 6. Committee on Fine Arts. 
 Duties. 
 They shall have charge of all matters pertaining to Fine Arts which 
 may be referred to them by the Commission. 
 
 7. Committee on Science, History, Literature, and Education. 
 
 Duties. 
 They shall have charge of all matters pertaining to these subjects 
 that may be referred to them by the Commission. 
 
 8. Committee on Agriculture. 
 
 Duties. 
 
 They shall have charge of all matters pertaining to Agriculture. 
 
 9. Committee on Live Stock. 
 Duties. 
 They shall have charge of all matters pertaining to Live Stock, includ- 
 ing Domestic Animals, Poultry, and Birds of all varieties 
 
 10. Committee on Horticulture and Floriculture. 
 
 Duties. 
 They shall have charge of all matters pertaining to these sub- 
 jects. 
 
 II. Committee on Finance. 
 Duties. 
 They shall have charge of all matters pertaining to the expendi- 
 tures of this Commission under the Act of Congress, or such other mat- 
 ters of finance as may be referred to them by the Commission. 
 
 12. Committee on Auditing. 
 Duties. 
 They shall have charge of examining and auditing all bills and 
 accounts of the Commissioners. 
 
 6 
 
70 World's Columbian Commission, 
 
 Second I 3. COMMITTEE ON CEREMONIES. 
 
 Session— ^ 
 
 '^*'"^ ^"^- Duties. 
 
 They shall have charge of.all matters pertaining to the inauguration 
 of the World's Columbian Exposition, and all ceremonies connected from 
 time to tune therewith. 
 
 14 Committee on Classification. 
 Duties. 
 They shall have charge of all subjects pertaining to the classification 
 of exhibits, and the limitation of space therefor, as may be referred to 
 them by the Commission. 
 
 15. Committee on Manufactures. 
 
 Duties. 
 
 They shall have charge of all matters pertaining to this subject, or 
 that may be referred to them by the Commission. 
 
 16. Committee on Commerce. 
 Duties. 
 They shall have charge of all matters pertaining to Commerce that 
 may be referred to them by the Commission. 
 
 17. Committee on Mines and Mining. 
 Duties. 
 * They shall have charge of all matters pertaining to metallurgy, 
 mines and mining processes, or such as may be referred to them by the 
 Commission. 
 
 18. Committee on Fisheries and Fish Culture. 
 
 Duties. 
 They shall have charge of all matters pertaining to these sub- 
 jects. 
 
 19. Committee on Electricity and Electrical Appliances. 
 
 Duties. 
 They shall have charge of all matters pertaining to these sub- 
 jects. 
 
 20. Committee on Forestry and Lumber. 
 Duties. 
 They shall have charge of all matters pertaining to these sub- 
 jects. 
 
 21. Committee on Machinery. 
 Duties. 
 They shall have charge of all matters pertaining to machinery, or that 
 may be referred to them by the Commission. 
 
 i 
 
 i 
 
Minutes of the Second Session, 71 
 
 4 
 
 2 2. Committee on World^s Congresses. second 
 
 Session— 
 Duties. First Day. 
 
 They shall act in connection with the Local Directory in arranging 
 for the exhibits or meetings of any World's Congress that may desire to 
 assemble here during the Exposition. 
 
 The duties of officers and committees herein defined shall take the 
 place of same as heretofore defined by the Commission. 
 
 Your Committee having to the best of their ability discharged the 
 duties imposed upon them by the resolution of your honorable body, and 
 believing that upon the adoption of this report their labors are concluded, 
 beg leave respectfully to submit the above as the result of their labors 
 and respectfully ask to be discharged from the further consideration of 
 the subject-matters therein contained. 
 
 All of which is respectfully submitted. 
 
 J. A. McKenzie, Chairman^ 
 Peter A. B. Widener, 
 
 A. M. Cochran, 
 M. B. Harrison, 
 J. H. Breslin, 
 Mark L. McDonald, 
 
 B. B. Smalley, 
 Thomas B. Keogh, 
 r. e. goodell, 
 Adlai T. Ewing, 
 E. B. Martindale, 
 R. C. Kerens. 
 
 On motion of Mr, White, of New Mexico, the report was ordered 
 to lie upon the table and be printed. 
 
 The President announced that he had appointed Mr. O. R. Hundley, 
 of Alabama, and Mr. Philip Allen, Jr., of Wisconsin, to act with the six 
 members of the Judiciary Committee, heretofore appointed, and the eight 
 to constitute the Committee on Rules, By-Laws, and Regulations. 
 
 Mr. Lindsay, of Kentucky, as Chairman of the Judiciary Com- 
 mittee, presented the following report, which was read by Mr. Massey, 
 of Delaware: 
 
 REPORT of the Judiciary Committee.^ Defining the Rights^ Duties, a nd Report nt 
 
 the Judl- 
 
 Powers of the World's Columbian Commission. mitYee.""^' 
 
 September 15, 1890. 
 
 Your Committee, acting in obedience to the preamble and resolu- 
 tion adopted by this Commission on the first day of July, 1890, as 
 follows, to-wit : 
 
72 World- s Columbian Commission. 
 
 ^s'e^sfon- "Whereas, It is obviously important that the powers and jurisdiction 
 
 First Day. ^^ this ComiTiission should be definitely ascertained and clearly under- 
 stood, to the end that its efficiency may be promoted and maintained, and 
 so as that all controversy as to the lawful exercise of its power may be 
 avoided, therefore 
 
 ''Resolved, That a special committee of six be, and is hereby consti- 
 tuted, to be appointed by the President in accordance with the spirit of 
 the Act of Congress, to consider ,the question of the rights, duties, and 
 powers of this body under the said act ; and to submit a report of its 
 deliberations, defining the quality, character, and extent thereof to the 
 next adjourned meeting of the Commission," 
 
 beg leave to report that they have given to the question of the rights, 
 duties, and powers of this body, under the Act of Congress, due con- 
 sideration, and submit the following as their conclusions : 
 
 The Act of Congress declares that the proposed Exhibition of the 
 resources of the United States of America, of their development, and 
 of the progress of the New World, shall be of a National and Interna- 
 tional character, and in express terms inaugurates an exhibition of arts, 
 industries, and products of the soil, mine, and sea, in the City of Chicago, 
 in the year 1892, as thereinafter provided. . 
 
 This Commission is one of the instrumentalities by and through 
 which the will of Congress in relation to the proposed Exhibition is to 
 be carried into effect, and in the determination of the powers, rights, and 
 duties of this body, the facts are to be kept in view, that the Exhibition 
 is to be of a National and International character, and that for its success 
 the Government of the United States will be regarded as the responsible 
 agent. 
 
 The World's Columbian Exposition, a corporation created under 
 and in virtue of the laws of the State of Illinois, is another of the agencies 
 or instrumentalities through which the will of Congress is, in important 
 respects, to be carried out. That corporation has voluntarily undertaken 
 to exercise the powers and discharge the duties conferred and imposed 
 upon it by the Act of Congress. 
 
 The relative rights, powers, and duties of the Illinois corporation and 
 of the World's Columbian Commission constitute the principal subjects 
 of inquiry to which your Committee have directed their attention. 
 
 Powers of The Dowers of this Commission are in some respects original and 
 
 the Com- ^ . i n i 
 
 mission, exclusive, in others supervisory and collateral. 
 
 Among the original and exclusive powers of the Commission may be 
 named the power to allot space for exhibitors; to prepare a classification 
 of exhibits; to determine the plan and scope of the Exposition; to 
 appoint all judges and examiners for the Exposition; to award all 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 73 
 
 premiums, and generally to have charge of all intercourse with the ^^^^^^q^__ 
 exhibitors, and with the representatives of foreign nations. ^'""^ ^*y- 
 
 This Commission has 'power and authority to appoint necessary 
 officers and committees, and to fix the pay of such officers, subject to 
 the approval of the Secretary of the Treasury. 
 
 Within the domain of its own authority, the Commission may confer 
 upon its chief ministerial officer or officers, and his or their subordinates, 
 such executive and ministerial powers, and impose such duties, as will 
 tend to promote the efficiency of every agency employed. Those officers, 
 when appointed, will be the officers of the Commission, and will be paid 
 out of the funds appropriated by Congress in aid of the Exposition. 
 
 In this connection it is suggested that the Commission may so 
 regulate and define the powers and duties of the members of the Board 
 of Lady Managers as to constitute them officers, and in such event 
 (subject to the approval of the Secretary of the Treasury) their compen- 
 sation may be fixed and provision made for their payment. 
 
 This Commission is not charged with any duty in regard to the 
 selection of the site or grounds for the Exposition, or to devising or 
 preparing the plans and specifications for the buildings to be erected 
 thereon, other than the power and duty to reject or to accept and 
 approve the same. 
 
 It is the duty of this Commission to notify the President of the 
 United States when provision shall have been made for the buildings 
 contemplated by the Act of Congress, and, when such buildings shall 
 have been erected, to provide for their dedication with appropriate 
 ceremonies. 
 
 The Commission is also to report to the President from time to time 
 the progress of the work, including such regulations as it may adopt, and 
 in the final report present a full exhibit of the results of the Exposition. 
 
 Your Committee submit further, that the action of the Commission 
 in the approval of the site, or in the approval of plans and specifications 
 for the buildings, does not necessarily exhaust or extinguish its power 
 over these subjects. Such action may be reconsidered, but of course 
 the reconsideration must be had within reasonable time and upon good 
 and sufficient grounds. 
 
 The Illinois corporation is charged with the duty of furnishing the Duties of the 
 necessary grounds and buildings for the Exposition, this duty to be gi°\^^x. 
 exercised, as has already been seen, subject to the power of this Commis- ffpSa-'* 
 sion to approve or disapprove either the site or the plans and specifica- sme°o?^ 
 tions for the buildings. 
 
 When the site shall have been finally selected and accepted, and the 
 plans and specifications for the buildings finally approved, the preparation 
 
74 World^s Columbian Commission. 
 
 ^se°sfon- ^^ ^^^ grounds and the erection of the buildings will fall within the scope 
 FirstDay. of the powers conferred upon the Illinois corporation, and this Commis- 
 sion and the public must rely upon the zeal, energy, and good faith of 
 that corporation and its managing officers for the due performance of 
 these most important duties. 
 
 Whilst the Illinois corporation, "The World's Columbian Exposition," 
 has power to prescribe rules and regulations governing rates for entrance 
 and admittance fees, and otherwise affecting the rights, privileges, and 
 interests of exhibitors and the public, and for the general conduct of 
 the financial affairs and the orderly management and control of the 
 exhibition during the time it may continue, that power is to be exercised 
 subject to the right ot the majority of this Commission to modify such 
 rules and regulations, and subject to the exclusive power of this Commis- 
 sion to allot space to exhibitors, to classify exhibits, to determine the plan 
 and scope of the exhibition, to appoint judges and examiners, to award 
 premiums, and generally to have charge of the intercourse with exhibitors 
 and with the representatives of foreign nations. 
 
 The Illinois corporation is to supply the necessary funds, and fur- 
 nish the grounds and buildings, and generally to have direct control of 
 the administrative details in the management of the Exposition during the 
 time it shall be open to the public, and for these purposes will act through 
 its own officers, agents, and employes. 
 
 The power of general supervision and control, and as to the matters 
 hereinbefore specifically named, of exclusive control, rests in and must 
 be exercised by this Commission, to the end that there shall be given to 
 the Exposition that National and International character contemplated bv 
 the Congress of the United States. 
 
 All of which we respectfully submit. 
 
 William Lindsay, 
 Geo. V. Massey, 
 • J. W. St. Clair, 
 
 L. Gregg, 
 
 B. B. Sm ALLEY, 
 
 Wm. J. Sewell. 
 
 The consideration of the report was made the special order for 
 Tuesday, September i6th, at 12 noon. 
 
 Mr. McDonald, for a Sub-Committee on Permanent Organization, 
 submitted the following report of the Sub-Committee on the powers 
 and duties of the Board of Lady Managers, which was ordered to lie 
 upon the table and be printed: 
 
Minutes of the Second Session, 75 
 
 REPORT of a Sub- Committee on Permanent Orzanization to the full^^^^^^ 
 
 ■^ & J Session— 
 
 Committee^ Defining the Powers and Duties of the Board of Lady ^^'"^^ ^^y* 
 Managers. 
 
 Chicago, September 12, 1890. 
 To the Committee on Permanent Organization. World's Columbian C(?w- Report on 
 
 *^ the pow- 
 
 mission : ersand 
 
 duties of 
 
 Gentlemen : Your Sub-Committee, appointed at the meeting of of^^d?"^ 
 September 11, for the purpose of defining the duties and powers of the 
 Board of Lady Managers of the World's Columbian Commission, held a 
 meeting at the Grand Pacific Hotel, this city, on the evening of the 
 nth September, and beg leave respectfully to submit to the full 
 Committee the following report : 
 
 That the Board of Lady Managers, to be appointed by the President 
 of this Commission, in accordance with the resolution adopted June 30, 
 1890, be and they are hereby appointed officers of said Commission, and 
 shall be called together by the President of this Commission at such 
 time and place as he may deem proper, and they shall organize at the 
 first meeting of the said Board of Lady Managers, by the election of 
 such officers and appointment of such committees as may be necessary 
 for the furtherance of their work. 
 
 They shall have charge of the Woman's Department of the World's 
 Columbian Commission, to which all branches of woman's work shall 
 be referred. 
 
 They shall have control of, and prepare, in a building set apart 
 for that purpose, an industrial exhibit, and in every way arrange for the 
 comfort and convenience of women and children in said building. 
 
 They shall have power to appoint one or more members of all com- 
 mittees authorized to award prizes for exhibits which may be produced in 
 whole or in part by female labor. 
 
 The Lady-Alternate Managers shall assume and perform the duties of 
 such Lady Manager or Managers as may be unable to attend the meet- 
 ings of the said Board of Lady Managers. 
 
 Whenever such Lady Manager is unable to attend any meeting or 
 meetings of said Board of Lady Managers, then and in such case it shall 
 be her duty to notify her Alternate. 
 
 The Lady Managers, as officers of this Commission, shall receive 
 their actual expenses for transportation and the sum of six dollars per 
 day, for each day they are necessarily engaged on the business of said 
 Board of Managers. 
 
 The Officers of said Board of Lady Managers shall receive such 
 compensation as may be fixed by the Executive Committee of the World's 
 
76 WorlW s Columbian Commission. 
 
 Second Columbian Commission, subiect to the approval of the Secretary of the 
 
 Session— ■' ' ^ 
 
 First Day. Treasury, which shall be paid out of the sums appropriated by Congress 
 in aid of such Exposition. 
 
 All of which is respectfully submitted. 
 
 Mark L. McDonald, 
 E. B. Martindale, 
 A. M. Cochran. 
 
 Sub- Committee. 
 
 Mr. McDonald also presented the following report of the Sub-Com- 
 mittee in regard to an Exhibit on Mines and Mining, which was ordered 
 to lie upon the table and be printed: 
 
 Report on a REPORT of a Sub-Committee on Permanent Organization to the full 
 
 Dropossd -^ ii J 
 
 Exhibit. Committee in reference to the ExJiibit- of Alines and Mining at the 
 
 World's Columbian Exposition. Submitted September ii, 1890. 
 
 Chicago, September 11, 1890. 
 To the Committee on Perrnanent Organization: 
 
 Gentlemen: The Sub-Committee on Mines and Mining have the 
 honor to report: 
 
 Recognizing the fact that the mineral deposits of the country are one 
 of the greatest sources of its wealth," and their development one of the 
 most extensive and important of industries, your Committee earnestly 
 recommends the establishment of a separate Department, in a separate 
 building, to be called the Department of Mines and Mining. Also, that 
 in extending to foreign governments an invitation to participate in the 
 Exposition, they be especially requested to furnish a complete display of 
 their mineral resources, together with the methods and machinery used 
 in their mines. This exhibition should include a collection of all known 
 minerals, and precious stones, and all forms of stone used for building or 
 ornamental purposes, all the productions of the quarries of the world as 
 well as the mines. Near the building devoted to this purpose could be 
 arranged models of some of the more famous mines of this and other 
 countries, which would furnish the public an illustration of the method 
 of their operation. A miniature mountain might be erected to show the 
 geological formation of mineral lands, and the several processes of 
 reducing ores to metal could be shown by introducing miniature smelters 
 on the ground. Other suggestions of a similar character might be made, 
 for the field offers an almost infinite opportunity for the display of taste 
 and ingenuity on the part of the persons who may have charge of the 
 department. 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 77 
 
 Associated with the collection of ores should be an exhibition of second 
 
 Session- 
 mining implements and machinery; not only those used and manufactured ^^^"^^^ i^"y 
 
 in the United States, but it is especially important to secure a complete 
 
 collection from abroad in order that our people may study the methods 
 
 and machinery used in foreign countries, in immediatecontrast with those 
 
 in vogue at home. In no branch of human industry has greater progress 
 
 been made than in mining, and additional interest might be attracted 
 
 by a display showing its development from the awkward methods of the 
 
 ancients to the complete processes that modern genius has devised. 
 
 Respectfully submitted. 
 
 Mark L. McDonald, 
 r. e. goodell, 
 E. B. Martindale. 
 
 Mr. McKenzie also submitted a letter of Professor G. Brown 
 Goode, of the Smithsonian Institution, transmitting a draft of a 
 proposed system of classification, prepared by him at the request of the 
 Committee, and some suggestions regarding classification, installation, and 
 catalogue by Prof. Thomas Wilson, and the President submitted a letter 
 from Hon. Robert P. Porter, Superintendent of the Eleventh Census, 
 transmitting a proposed plan for a system of awards, all of which were 
 referred to the Committee on Classification hereafter to be appointed. 
 
 Mr. Groner, as Chairman of the Committee on Titles and Local 
 Facilities, asked for an extension of time to prepare the report of that 
 Committee, which was granted. 
 
 Mr. Widener, of Pennsylvania, offered the following resolution, 
 which was adopted: 
 
 Resolved, That when the Commission adjourns this day it shall Hours for 
 
 •' daily ses- 
 
 be until to-morrow morning at 10.30 o'clock, and that hereafter there sions. 
 shall be two sessions of the Commission each day, the first beginning at 
 10.30 a. m., and closing at 12.30 p. m., and the second beginning at 
 2.30 p. M., and closing at 5.30 p. m. 
 
 Mr. Hundley, of Alabama, offered the following resolution, which 
 was adopted : 
 
 Resolved, That the Secretary be and he is hereby instructed to engage v^^rbatim 
 
 report 
 
 stenographers to take and transcribe the proceedings of this Commission, ordered. . 
 
 Mr. Harrison, of Minnesota, offered the following resolution, which 
 was adopted: 
 
78 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Second Resolved. That the officers and Directors of the World's Colum- 
 
 Sesslon— 
 
 First Day. bi an Exposition Association of Chicago be and they are hereby invited 
 to seats within the bar of this Commission whenever it is in session. 
 
 Mr. Waller, of Connecticut, offered the following resolution, which, 
 after some discussion, was adopted: / 
 
 Resolved, That the President of the Commission be requested to 
 report his appointment of members of the Executive Committee Wednes- 
 day morning. 
 
 The Commission then adjourned until Tuesday morning at 10.30. 
 
 Second Session — Second Day, Tuesday, Sept. 16, 1890. 
 
 Second ses- The Commission met at 10.^0 a. m., in the Andrews Hall. 
 
 slon— Sec- ^ 
 
 ond Day. 
 
 Roll Call. 
 Rou-caii. Commissioners-at-Large. — California, M. L. McDonald; Kentucky, 
 
 W. Lindsay; Massachusetts, A. G. Bullock; Michigan, T. W. Palmer; Mis- 
 souri, R. C. Kerens; New York, G. W. Allen;, Pennsylvania, P. A. B. 
 Widener; Texas, H. Exall. 
 
 Commissioners of States. — Alabama, F. G. Bromberg, O. R. Hund- 
 ley; Arkansas, J. D. Adams, L. Gregg; Colorado, R. E. Goodell, F. J. 
 V. Skiff; Connecticut, T. M. Waller; Delaware, G. V. Massey, W. H. 
 Porter; Florida, J. Hirst, R. Turnbull; Georgia, L. McLaws, C. H. Way; 
 Idaho, G. A. Manning, J. E. Stearns; Illinois, C. H. Deere, A. T. Ewing; 
 Indiana, T. E. Garvin, E. B. Martindale; Iowa, W. I. Buchanan, J. Hayes, 
 alternate; Kansas, C. K. Holliday, Jr., F. W. Lanyon, alternate; Kentucky, J. 
 Bennett, J. A. McKenzie; Louisiana, D. B. Penn, P. J. McMahon, alternate; 
 Maine,' A. R. Bixby, C. S. Edwards, alternate; Maryland, G. M. Upshur, 
 alternate; Massachusetts, F. W. Breed; Michigan, M. H. Lane, C. H. Rich- 
 mond; Minnesota, M. B. Harrison, O. V. Tousley; Mississippi, J. M. 
 Bynum, R. L. Saunders; Missouri, T. B. Bullene; Montana, L. H. Hersh- 
 field, A. H. Mitchell; Nebraska, Euclid Martin, A. G. Scott; Nevada, J. 
 W. Haines, G. Russell; New Hampshire, F. E. Kaley, alternate; New Jer- 
 sey, W. J. Sewell, T. Smith; New York, J. B. Thacher, J. H. Breslin, 
 alternate; North Carolina, A. B. Andrews, T. B. Keogh; North Dakota, 
 H. P. Rucker, M. Ryan; Ohio, W. Ritchie, L. C. Cron, alternate; Oregon, 
 M. Wilkins, J. L. Morrow, alternate; Pennsylvania, W. McClelland, J. W. 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 79 
 
 Woodside; Rhode Island, L. B. Goff, G. C. Sims; South Carolina, second ses- 
 
 ' 7 ' ' ' 81 on — Sec- 
 
 J. R. Cochran, E. L. Roche, alternate; South Dakota, M. H. Day, ^^^^'^y- 
 Tennessee, R. Strong, A. B. Hurt, alternates; Texas, A. M. Cochran, 
 J. T. Dickinson; Vermont, H. H. Mclntyre, B. B. Smalley; Virginia, 
 V. D. Groner, J. T. Harris; Washington, W. Bingham, C. B. Bagley, alter- 
 nates; West Virginia, J. D. Butt, J. W. St. Clair; Wisconsin, P. Allen, Jr.; 
 Wyoming, H. G. Hay, A. S. Mercer, alternate; Arizona, G. F. Coats; New 
 Mexico, T. C. Gutierres, R. M.White; Oklahoma, O. Beeson, J. D.'Miles; 
 Utah, P. H. Lannan, W. M. Ferry, alternate; District of Columbia, A. A. 
 Wilson, E. K. Johnson, alternate. 
 
 Mr. Tousley, of Minnesota, moved, and it was so voted, that matter 
 in the minutes already read in yesterday's proceedings be omitted. 
 
 The minutes of the first day's meeting were read and adopted. 
 
 Mr. Lindsay, as Chairman of the Committee on Rules, By-Laws, and 
 Regulations, submitted the following report, and moved that it lie on the 
 table and be printed: 
 
 REP OR T of the Committee on Rules, By-Laws ^ and Regulations, Septe7nber Report on 
 
 - „ . Rules of 
 
 10, 1890. Order. 
 
 RULES OF ORDER AND PROCEDURE. 
 
 Touching the Duties of the President. 
 
 1. He shall take the Chair every day, precisely at the hour to which 
 the Commission shall stand adjourned, and on the appearance of a 
 quorum shall cause the Journal of the preceding day to be read. 
 
 2. He shall preserve decorum and order; may speak to points 
 of order in j5reference to Commissioners on the floor, rising from his 
 chair for that purpose. He shall decide questions of order, subject to 
 an appeal to the Commission on request of any two Commissioners. 
 
 3. He may state a question sitting, but shall rise to put a question 
 to the vote of the Commission. 
 
 4. Questions shall be distinctly put in this form, viz.: "All you who 
 are of opinion that (as the question may be), say 'Aye.' You of the 
 contrary opinion, say ' No.' " If the presiding officer doubt, or a division 
 be called for, the Commission shall divide; those in the affirmative shall 
 first rise from their seats, and afterward those in the negative. If the 
 presiding officer still doubt, or a count be required, the presiding officer 
 shall name two Commissioners, one from each side, to tell those in the 
 affirmative and the negative; and the result being reported, he shall rise 
 and state the decision to the Commission. And on every vote there shall 
 be a call of the ayes and noes when demanded by five Commissioners. 
 
80 World^s Columbian Commission. 
 
 Second ses- c The presicliii": officer may examine and correct the Journal 
 
 Blon— Sec- ^ r o J 
 
 ondDny. bcforc it is read. 
 
 6. In case of any disturbance or disorderly conduct in the galleries 
 or lobbies, the presiding officer shall have oower to order the same to be 
 cleared. 
 
 Order of Business. 
 
 7. As soon as the Journal is read and approved, the presiding officer 
 shall call for communications and memorials. The same having been 
 presented and disposed of, reports, first from the standing and then 
 from select committees, shall be called for; next, motions and resolu- 
 tions; and if on any day the whole of the committees have not been 
 called, or, being called, shall not have finished their reports, or any 
 report shall not have been disposed of, the presiding officer, on the next 
 day, shall commence where he left off on the preceding day, and so on 
 until all are called. 
 
 Decorum and Order. 
 
 8. When a Commissioner is about to speak in debate or deliver 
 any matter to the Commission, he shall rise from his seat and respectfully 
 address himself to *' Mr. President," and, being recognized by the pre- 
 siding officer, may proceed, but shall confine himself to the question 
 under debate, and avoid personalities. 
 
 9. If any Commissioner, in speaking, or otherwise, transgress the 
 rules of the Commission, the presiding officer shall, or any member may, 
 call him to order; in which case the member so called to order shall 
 immediately sit down, unless permitted to explain; and the Commission, 
 if appealed to, shall decide on the case; if there be no appeal, the decision 
 of the presiding officer shall be submitted to. If the decision be in 
 favor of the Commissioner called to order, he shall be.at liberty to 
 proceed; if otherwise, he shall not be at liberty to proceed without leave 
 of the Commission; and if the case require it, he shall be liable to the 
 censure of the Commission. 
 
 10. If a Commissioner be called to order by another for words 
 spoken in debate, the exceptional words shall be immediately taken down 
 in writing by the Secretary, that the presiding officer may be better able 
 to judge of the matter. 
 
 11. When two or more Commissioners rise at once, the presiding 
 officer shall name the Commissioner who first addressed the Chair as the 
 one entitled to the floor. 
 
 12. No Commissioner shall speak more than twice to the same ques- 
 tion without leave of the Commission, nor more than once until every 
 Commissioner choosing to speak shall have spoken. But the Chairman 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 81 
 
 of a committee reportino:, or the mover of the pending resolution or second ses- 
 ^ ^- 1 o si on— Sec- 
 
 proposition, shall have the right to conclude the debate. ondoay. 
 
 13. While the presiding officer is putting any questioti or addressing 
 the Commission, none shall walk out or across the chamber; nor when 
 a Commissioner is speaking shall any other entertain private discourse, 
 or pass between him and the Chair. 
 
 14. No Commissioner shall vote on any question in the event of 
 which he is immediately or particularly interested, or in any case where 
 he was not present when the question was put, unless by the unanimous 
 consent of the Commission. 
 
 15. Every Commissioner who shall be present when the question 
 is put shall give his vote, unless the Commission, for special reasons, 
 or the presiding officer, upon being satisfied that the motion or request is 
 made for dilatory purposes, shall excuse him. 
 
 16. When a motion is made and seconded, it shall be stated by the 
 presiding officer, or, being in writing, shall be handed to the Chair, and 
 read aloud by the Clerk, before debated. 
 
 17. Every motion shall be reduced to writing, if the presiding offi- 
 cer or any Commissioner desire it. 
 
 18. After a motion is stated by the presiding officer, or read by the 
 Clerk, it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the Commission, but 
 may be withdrawn if there be no objection at any time before a decision 
 or amendment. 
 
 Dignity and Privilege of Questions. 
 
 19. When a question is under debate, no motion shall be received 
 but to fix the time to which the Commission shall adjourn, to adjourn, 
 to lie on the table, for the previous question, to postpone to a day certain, 
 to commit, or to postpone indefinitely, which several motions shall have 
 precedence in the order in which they are arranged. 
 
 20. When a motion is made to refer any subject, and different com- 
 mittees are named, the question shall be taken in the following order: 
 I. To a committee of the whole. 2. A standing committee. 3. A select 
 committee. 
 
 21. A motion to adjourn shall always be in order; that, and the 
 motion to lie on the table, to suspend the rules, and for the previous 
 question, shall be decided without debate. 
 
 22. The previous question b^ing moved and seconded by not less 
 than ten Commissioners, the question from the Chair shall be, " Shall the 
 main question be now put ?" and if the nays prevail, the main question 
 shall not then be put. But a refusM to order the previous question shall 
 not bar the Commission from forthwith proceeding to the consideration 
 
82 World's CoLumhiav, Commission. 
 
 Second ses- of the subjcct. The effects of the previous question shall be to put an 
 ondDly^"' end to all debate (except that the chairman of the committee reporting, 
 or the mover of the pending resolution or motion, may occupy not more 
 than twenty (20) minutes in concluding the debate after such order) and 
 bring the Commission to a direct vote upon amendments offered, or read 
 for information, before ordering the previous question, and then upon the 
 main question. After the previous question has been ordered, and until 
 it shall have been exhausted, no motion shall be allowed by the presiding 
 officer, except one motion to adjourn, and to fix the time to which the 
 Commission shall adjourn. A second motion for the previous question 
 shall not be in order on the same day, upon the same question, at the 
 same stage thereof. 
 
 23. When a question is postponed indefinitely, the same shall not 
 be acted on again during the session. 
 
 24. Any Commissioner may call for a division of the question, 
 which shall be divided, if it comprehends questions so distinct that, one 
 being taken away, the rest may stand entire for the decision of the Com- 
 mission; a motion to strike out and insert shall be deemed divisible. 
 But a motion to strike out being lost, shall preclude neither amendment 
 nor a motion to strike out and insert. Nor shall a motion to strike out 
 and insert one thing, being lost, preclude a motion to strike out and in- 
 sert a different thing. 
 
 25. Motions and reports on any subject may be committed at the 
 pleasure of the Commission. 
 
 26. A motion to postpone, or commit an amendment, thereby to sep- 
 arate it from the main question, shall not be in order. 
 
 27. No motion to reconsider any vote given shall be made unless 
 within two days (Sundays excepted) after such vote was given, unless a 
 majority of three-fourths present concur therein; and the motion to 
 reconsider shall be a privileged motion, and must be made by a Commis- 
 sioner who voted with the prevailing side. 
 
 28. No motion or proposition different from that under considera- 
 tion shall be admitted under color of amendment. 
 
 29. When a paper is first presented to the Commission, it shall be 
 a matter of right in any Commissioner to have it read before the Com- 
 mission shall vote upon it. If the paper has been once read, or the read- 
 ing dispensed with, and the reading be again required and objected to, 
 it shall be determined by a vote of the Commission. 
 
 30. The unfinished business in which the Commission was engaged 
 at the last preceding adjournment shall have the preference in that class 
 of business to which it appropriately belongs; and no motion, or any 
 other business, unless a privileged one, shall be received, without special 
 leave of the Commission, until the former is disposed of. 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 83 
 
 ^i. The standins: rules of the Commission and the rearular order of secoidses- 
 •^ ^ ^ sion— Sec- 
 
 business shall not be suspended or interrupted, unless by a vote of two- ondoay. 
 
 thirds of the Commissioners present. 
 
 32. Communications, memorials, and other papers, addressed to the 
 Commission, shall be presented by the presiding officer, or by a member 
 in his place; a brief statement of the contents thereof shall be verbally 
 made by the introducer before received or disposed of. 
 
 ^2,' Upon call of the Commission to take the yeas and nays on any 
 question, the names of the Commissioners at Large shall first be called in 
 alphabetical order, then the Commissioners of the States in the alphabet- 
 ical order of the States; then the Commissioners of the Territories in the 
 alphabetical order of the Territories; and then the Commissioners of the 
 District of Columbia. The ayes and noes shall not be ordered unless 
 upon the demand of five (5) Commissioners. 
 
 34. No committee shall sit during the sitting of the Commission 
 without special leave. 
 
 35. All questions of order shall be noted by the Clerk upon the 
 Journal, with a decision thereon when an appeal shall be taken. 
 
 2,6. All questions relating to the order of business to be acted upon 
 shall be decided without debate. 
 
 37. Every motion to alter, change, or add to the standing rules of 
 the Commission, shall be referred to the Committee on Rules, By-Laws, 
 and Regulations. And all resolutions presented shall be disposed of by 
 the Commission, unless postponed, referred, or committed to a committee. 
 
 38. An order to lay on the table an amendment, or substitute, shall 
 not carry with it the original proposition or motion. 
 
 • Quorum. 
 
 39. A quorum shall consist of not less than a majority of the Com- 
 missioners, but the Alternates representing absent Commissioners shall be 
 counted as Commissioners. 
 
 Mr. Mercer, of Wyoming, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved^ That the Secretary be, and he is hereby directed to pro- 
 cure another hall for the meetings of this body and have the same ready 
 for occupancy to-morrow morning at 10 o'clock; and in the selection of a 
 room, the matter of acoustics is to be considered, as also some accommo- 
 dations in the way of retiring and toilet rooms. 
 
 Mr. Butt, of West Virginia, moved the following amendment 
 
 That a committee of five be appointed by the President to act with 
 the Secretary in selecting another hall. 
 
84 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 secondse8- The Secretary had the clerk read the resolution by which he was 
 
 ond Day!" instructed to sccurc a hall for the use of the Commission, and stated that 
 after careful examination of a number of halls, the one finally selected was 
 found to be the most convenient, centrally located, and generally eligible. 
 
 Mr. Waller, of Connecticut, moved to lay the matter on the table. 
 A division was called for and the motion was lost: Ayes, 34; noes, 45. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Upshur, alternate from Maryland, it was voted 
 that no other hall be accepted unless provided with individual desks. 
 
 The amendment of Mr. Butt was adopted, and the original resolu- 
 tion as amended was unanimously carried. 
 
 The President appointed, as the Select Committee to act with the 
 Secretary and procure another hall, Messrs. Mercer, Butt, Kerens, Har- 
 rison, and Adams. 
 
 Mr. Way, of Georgia, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved, That the Report of the Committee on Permanent Organiza- 
 tion be accepted and adopted, and that they be discharged from further 
 service, with the thanks of the Commission for the faithful performance of 
 the duties intrusted to them, 
 
 Mr. McKenzie offered the following as, a substitute for the resolution 
 
 of Mr. Way: 
 
 I move the adoption of the Report of the Committee on Permanent 
 Organization, made yesterday by its Chairman, and that the two subse- 
 quent reports made from the same Committee lie on the table for future 
 consideration, and that the Committee be discharged. 
 
 After protracted debate the substitute was adopted, and a motion of 
 Mr. McKenzie to reconsider the vote and to lay that motion on the table 
 
 was carried. 
 
 At 12 o'clock noon the report of the Judiciary Committee, being the 
 special order, was called up by Mr. Lindsay, of Kentucky, Chairman of 
 the Committee, who moved the adoption of the report. 
 
 Mr. Bromberg, of Alabama, moved that the report be recommitted 
 with instructions, and pending debate, the Commission adjourned at 12.30. 
 
 Recess. 
 
 The Commission reassembled at 2.30 p. m., and Mr. Mercer, as Chair- 
 man of the Select Committee to act with the Secretary in securing another 
 hall, presented the following report: 
 Hon. Thos. W. Palmer, President World's Columbian Commission: 
 
 Sir: Your Committee appointed in conjunction with Secretary Dick- 
 inson to secure another hall for the meetings of the Commission, beg 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 85 
 
 leave to report that they have examined several places, and at the susr- second ses- 
 
 i^ J ' ' o sion— Sec- 
 
 gestion of Mr. W. R. Kerr, a member of the City Council, and through onciDay. 
 the courtesy of Hon. Wm. J. Onahan, City Comptroller and Acting Mayor, 
 they have secured, free of charge, the use of the Council Chamber, which 
 in all its appointments is equal to the United States Senate Chamber; and 
 we recommend, therefore, that when the Commission adjourns they ad- 
 journ to meet in the Council Chamber of the City of Chicago. All of 
 which is respectfully submitted. 
 
 Asa S. Mercer, 
 
 Chairman. 
 
 Mr. Goodell, of Colorado, moved that the report be adopted, and 
 that the Commission adjourn at once to the Council Chamber, which was 
 carried on a division. Ayes, 24; noes, 21. 
 
 Mr. McClelland, of Pennsylvania, offered the following resolution, 
 which was adopted: 
 
 Resolved, That in removing from this hall the members of this Com- 
 mission desire to return their thanks to Messrs. A. H. Andrews & Co., 
 the proprietors of this building, for the very moderate rental charged for 
 the use of the hall and the gratuitous work done in furnishing and arrang- 
 ing the same. 
 
 The Commission then adjourned, and reassembled at 3 o'clock, in Recess, 
 the Council Chamber. President Palmer in the chair. 
 
 Mr. McKenzie, moved, and it was voted, that Commissioners take 
 seats temporarily as they come into the hall, and that the Secretary 
 arrange the permanent seats in accordance with the plan adopted at the 
 last place of meeting. 
 
 Mr. Bromberg reduced his pending resolution to writing as follows: 
 Resolved, That the report of the Judiciary Committee, defining the 
 rights, duties, and powers of the World's Columbian Commission, be 
 referred back to said Committee, with instructions to confer with the 
 Secretary of the Treasury, and with the Board of Directors of the World's 
 Columbian Exposition, for the purpose of ascertaining what are the rela- 
 tive rights, duties, and powers of the World's Columbian Commission, 
 and of the corporation of Illinois known as the World's Columbian Expo- 
 sition; and to report upon and define the rights, duties, and powers of 
 this Commission and of said corporation. 
 
 [Vice-President Waller in the chair.] 
 
 After considerable debate the resolution was lost, and the motion 
 of Mr. Lindsay to adopt the report and discharge the Committee was 
 adopted, and the motion of Mr. Way to reconsider and to lay that motion 
 on the table was carried. 
 
86 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Second ses- Mr. Groncr, of Virtiinia, offered the following resolution: 
 
 ondDay. Resolvcd, That it is the highest duty of this Commission, in the dis- 
 
 charge of the trusts reposed in it by the act of Congress, to perform such 
 of its functions as have a special relation to the general scope of the 
 Exposition, in such manner as will emphasize and maintain the National 
 and International character thereof; and that among these functions none 
 is more significant in this behalf than that of the selection of the Director- 
 General, who, as the general ministerial officer of the Commission, will be 
 peculiarly representative of the character of the Exposition; and, to this 
 end, 
 
 Resolved, That this Commission hereby reconsiders the action here- 
 tofore taken determining the mode of selecting a Director-General; and 
 that such officer shall be chosen by the Commission, without the recom- 
 mendatory action of any committee, on Wednesday next, at 1 1 30 o'clock 
 
 A. M. 
 
 Mr. Bullene, of Missouri, demanded the regular order, but the Vice- 
 President ruled that Mr. Groner's resolution was m order. After some 
 debate the resolution was put to vote and lost. 
 
 Mr. McDonald called up the Report of the Sub-Committee to the 
 Committee on Permanent Organization in regard to Mines and Mining. 
 
 After some debate, on motion of Mr. St; Clair, of West Virginia, the 
 report was referred to the Committee on Mines and Mining when ap- 
 pointed. 
 
 Mr. Martindale, of Indiana, called up the Report of the Sob-Com- 
 mittee of the Committee on Permanent Organization, on the powers and 
 duties of the Board of Lady Managers. 
 
 Mr. Mclntyre, of Vermont, moved that the report be referred to the 
 Executive Committee when appointed. 
 
 Mr. Massey, of Delaware, moved to amend and refer the report to 
 
 the Committee on Rules, By-Laws, and Regulations, and after considerable 
 
 debate Mr. Mclntyre accepted the amendment and the motion prevailed, 
 
 the Committee being directed to report Thursday morning. 
 
 One Dally A/[j. Scwell. of Ncw lersev, moved to reconsider the vote by which 
 
 Session. ^'^i. ^^■^ ^ •, j j •> j 
 
 two daily sessions were ordered, and to fix one daily session, beginning at 
 10 o'clock and ending at 2 p. m. After some debate the motion was unan- 
 imously carried. 
 
 Mr. Holliday, of Kansas, offered the following resolution, which was 
 adopted: 
 
 coriiurH' lyi'olved, That the thanks of the World's Columbian Commission 
 
 offlcTHof ^^^ hercbv tendered to Comptroller Onahan, of Chicago, and to Alderman 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 87 
 
 Kerr, and to the Citv of Chicago, for the use of the Council Ciiamber of second ses 
 
 *=• . 8lon-Sec- 
 
 the City of Chicago during the sessions of the Commission. oudOay 
 
 Mr. Hundley, of Alabama, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved^ That the Secretary be requested to furnish this Commission, 
 as near as practicable, before its adjournment at the present session, with 
 a statement of the amount of the appropriation of funds which have been 
 consumed, and the amount of outstanding obligations of the Commission 
 to date. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Goodell, of Colorado, the resolution was referred 
 to the Committee on Finance when appointed. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Martindale, the Committee on Rules, By-Laws, and 
 Regulations was instructed to report rules fixing salaries for such officers 
 as the Commission has already appointed. 
 
 The report of the Committee on Rules, By-Laws, and Regulations 
 was taken up, and after some debate was unanimously adopted. 
 
 The Commission then adjourned until lo o'clock Wednesday morning. 
 
 Second Session — Third Day, Wednesday, Sept. 17, 1890. 
 
 The Commission met at 10 a. m. President Palmer in the chair, second ses- 
 sion — 
 
 Third Day. 
 
 Roll Call. 
 
 Commissioners-at-Large. — California, M. L. McDonald; Kentucky, Rou-caii. 
 W. Lindsay; Massachusetts, A. G. Bullock; Michigan, T. W. Palmer; 
 Missouri, R. C. Kerens; New York, G. W. Allen; Pennsylvania, P. A. B. 
 Widener; Texas, H. Exall. 
 
 Commissioners of States. — Alabama, F. G. Bromberg, O. R. Hund- 
 ley; Arkansas, J. D. Adams, L. Gregg; Colorado, R. E. Goodell, F. J- V. 
 Skiff; Connecticut, T. ]M. Waller; Delaware, G. V. Massey, W. H. Porter; 
 Florida, J. Hirst, R. Turnbull; Georgia, L. McLaws, C. H. Way; Idaho, 
 G. A. Manning; Illinois, C. H. Deere, A. T. Ewing; Indiana, T. E. Gar- 
 vin, E. B. Martindale; Iowa, W. I. Buchanan, J. Hayes, alternate; Kansas, 
 C K. HoUiday, Jr., F. W. Lanyon, alternate; Kentucky, J. Bennett, J. A. 
 McKenzie; Louisiana, D. B. Penn, P. J. McMahon, alternate; Maine, A. 
 R. Bixby, C S Edwards, alternate; Maryland, L. Lowndes, G. M. Upshur, 
 alternate; Massachusetts, F. W. Breed; Michigan, M. H. Lane, C. H. 
 Richmond; Minnesota, M. B. Harrison. O. V. Tousley; Mississippi, J. M. 
 
88 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Second ses- Bvnum, R. L. Sauiiders; Missouri, T. B. BuUcne; Montana, L. H. Hersh- 
 
 slon— Third 
 
 ^''*' field; Nebraska, Euclid Martin, A. G. Scott; Nevada, J. \V. Haines, G. 
 
 Russell; New Hampshire, F. E. Kaley, alternate; New Jersey, W.J. Sew- 
 ell, T. Smith; New York, J. B. Thacher, J. H. Breslin, alternate; T^'orih 
 Carolina, T. B. Keogh; North Dakota, H. P. Rucker, M. Ryan; Ohio, W. 
 Ritchie, L. C. Cron, alternate; Oregon, M. Wilkins, J, L. Morrow, alter- 
 nate; Pennsylvania, W. McClelland, J. W. Woodside; Rhode Island, L. 
 B. Goff, G. C. Sims; South Carolina, J. R. Cochran, E. L. Roche, alternate; 
 South Dakota, M. H. Day, L. S. Bullard, alternate; Tennessee, R. Strong, 
 alternate; A. B. Hurt, alternate; Texas, A. M. Cochran, J. T. Dickinson; 
 Vermont, H. H. Mclntyre, B. B. Smalley; Virginia, V. D. Groner, J. T. 
 Harris; Washington, W. Bingham, alternate, C. B. Bagley, alternate; West 
 Virginia, J. D. Butt, J. W. St. Clair; Wisconsin, P. Allen, Jr.; Wyoming, 
 H. G. Hay, A. S. Mercer, alternate; Arizona, G. F. Coats; New Mexico, 
 T. C. Gutierres, R. M. White; Oklahoma, O. Beeson, J. D. Miles; Utah, 
 P. H. Lannan, W. M. Ferry, alternate; District of Columbia, A. A. Wil- 
 son, E. K. Johnson, alternate. 
 
 Mr. Smalley, of Vermont, moved that the reading of the minutes be 
 dispensed with, and that the minutes for previous sessions be approved as 
 printed. A division was called for and the motion prevailed; ayes. ^6; 
 noes, 2. 
 
 The President announced the appointment of the Executive Com- 
 mittee as follows: 
 
 Executive Committee. 
 Membersof M. L. McDonald, Commissioner-at-Lare^e; R. C. Kerens, Commis- 
 
 theExecu- ' *=• ' ' 
 
 mluee!™' sioner-at- Large; Henry Exall, Commissioner-at-Large; P. A. B. Widener, 
 Commissioner-at-Large; Jno. T. Harris, Virginia; Wm. J. Sewell, New 
 Jersey; B. B. Smalley, Vermont; E. B. Martindale, Indiana; Jno. Boyd 
 Thacher, New York; Francis W. Breed, Massachusetts; Euclid Martin, 
 Nebraska; Reese R. Price, Kansas; M. B. Harrison, Minnesota; Jas. D. 
 Butt, West Virginia; Adlai T. Ewing, Illinois; Wm. F. King, Iowa; H. 
 P. Piatt, Ohio; L. McLaws, Georgia; T. L. Williams, Tennessee; Joseph 
 Hirst, Florida; R. L. Saunders, Mississippi; L. H. Hershfield, Montana; 
 R. E. Goodell, Colorado; A. T. Britton, District of Columbia; Jas. A. 
 McKenzie, Kentucky; the President, as Chairman of the Committee by 
 resolution of the Commission adopted July ist, 1890. 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 89 
 
 Mr. Massey, of Delaware, for the Committee on Rules, By-Laws, second ses- 
 
 -' ' ' y J J sion— Third 
 
 and Regulations,- submitted the following report : ^"^" 
 
 REPORT of the Committee on Rules, By-Laws, and Regulations of the By- ^^{jl^^'com. 
 Laws for the Government of the Commission. Rilieland 
 
 By-Laws. 
 
 BY-LAWS OF THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN COrvIMISSION. 
 
 Article First. 
 
 Official Title. 
 
 This body shall be known by the title of the " World's Columbian Commission," 
 as designated by the act of Congress, approved April 25, 1890; and the celebration 
 with reference to which the Commission is created shall be known as the " World's 
 Columbian Exposition." 
 
 Article Second 
 
 Quorum. 
 
 A quorum for the transaction of business shall consist of not less than a majority 
 of tlie Commissioners, but the Alternates representing absent Commissioners shall 
 be counted as Commissioners. 
 
 Article Third. 
 
 Powers of Alternate Commissioner. 
 An x\ltern:ite Commissioner shall assume and perform the duties of the Commis- 
 sioner whose Alternate he i^ only when his principal may be unable to attend the 
 meetings of the Commission. Service upon standing or special committees shall 
 not devolve upon an Alternate Commissioner whose principal is a member thereof, 
 unless ill the absence of such principal service upon such committee shall be specially 
 assigned to the Alternate by the Commission. 
 
 Article Fourth. 
 
 Officers of the Commission. 
 
 The officers of this Commission shall consist of a President, whose official 
 title shall be President of the "World's Columbian Commission;" five Vice-Presi- 
 dents, who shall be denominated, First, Second, Third, Fourth, and Fifth Vice- 
 President; the First Vice-President shall be of opposite politics to the President, 
 and the other four shall be divided equally in politics; a Secretary; a Director- 
 General; all of whom shnll hold their offices at the pleasure of the Commission, 
 and the Board of Lady Managers authorized by Section 6 of the act of Congress, 
 of the number hereinafter specified, and as heretofore fixed by the Commission. 
 
 Article Fifth. 
 
 Executive Committee. 
 There shall be an Executive Committee, consisting of twenty-six members, of 
 whom the President shall be one, and ex-officio Chaiiman, and the remaining twenty- 
 five shall be by him appointed in accordance with the spirit of the act of Congress. 
 The said Committee, when the Commission is not in session, shall have all the 
 powers of the National Commission, except in cases in which the act of Con- 
 gress requires the action of the Commission or a majority of the Commissioners. 
 A majority of its members shall constitute a quorum, and the Committee ma}" make 
 such regulations for its own government and the exercise of its functions through the 
 medium of such Sub-Committees as it may consider expedient. This Committee 
 
90 World s Columbian Commission. 
 
 Second Ses- sliall select sucli employes and agents as may be necessary, sha41 define their duties 
 Day" :ind tix their compensation. They shall report fully all their transactions to the 
 
 Commission at its stated and special meetings. In case of any vacancy in the 
 Committee, the same shall be filled by appointment by the President. 
 
 Article Sixth. 
 
 Duties of tJie President. 
 
 The President shall preside over all the meetings of the Commission, and shall 
 appoint all committees, unless otherwise- directed by the Commission, and he shall 
 have all the powers and authority incident to the office of President. The Pri'siih nt 
 may, and, at the written request of a majority of the Executive Committee or of 
 one-third of the members of the Commission shall, call a meeting of the Commission, 
 by giving each member reasonable notice of the time and place of such meeting. 
 
 Article Seventh. 
 
 Duties of the Vice-Presidents. 
 
 The Vice-Presidents shall, in the absence of the President, perform his duties, 
 each taking precedence in numerical order, and, if all the Vice-Presidents be absent, 
 the Commission shall elect a temporary presiding officer. 
 
 Article Eighth. 
 
 Duties of the Secretary. 
 
 The Secretary shall conduct the correspondence of the Commission and be the 
 custodian of all documents and records relating to its business. He shall keep a full 
 and accurate record of its proceedings and of those of the Executive Committee, and 
 shall make report of same, from time to time, as he may be required. He shall have 
 power to appoint such assistant secretaries, and select such clerical force, as shall be 
 necessary properly to conduct the business of the Commission, subject to the approval 
 of the Executive Committee. He shall keep all the accounts of the Commission and 
 certify the same to the Secretary of the Treasury for payment All papers, accounts, 
 and records in his custody shall at all times be open to inspection on the demand ot 
 any Commissioner. 
 
 Article Ninth. 
 
 Duties of the Director- General. 
 
 He shall exercise such supervision, direction, and control of the operation of the 
 " World's Columbian Exposition,' within the domain of the powers possesse 1 by the 
 Commission, as will tend to promote the efficiency of every agency employed. He 
 shall be authorized and instructed to assume and exercise all such executive powers 
 and functions as shall be necessary to secure promptness, efficiency, and good faith 
 in every department of the work within the purview of the authority of this Com- 
 mission, and shall make report of his proceedings to the Executive Committee at such 
 times and in such manner as shall be required by siiid Committee, anil shall in all 
 matters be subject lothe direction and control of the Executive Committee. 
 
 Article Tenth. 
 
 Standing Committees. 
 Committee on Judiciary, Rules, and By-Laws, 
 
 consisting of eight Commissioners, 
 Whose duties shall be to formulate rules and by-laws for submission to the Com- 
 mission, and to consider and report on such matters as may be referred to them by 
 the Commission. 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 91 
 
 Committee on Tariffs and Transportation, Second ses- 
 
 sion—Third 
 consisting of sixteen Commissioners, Day- 
 
 Which shall have consideration of all matters relating to tariffs, bonding and 
 releasing of goods, and the transportation of goods that may be referred to them by 
 the National Commission, in conjunction with such officers of the Treasury as may 
 be appointed. 
 
 Committee on Foreign Affairs, 
 
 consisting of eight Commissioners, 
 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to the foreign exhibits of the 
 Exposition that may be referred to them by the National Commission or the Exec- 
 utive Committee. 
 
 Committee on Legislation, 
 
 consisting of two Commissioners from each State and Territory, 
 
 Which shall have consideration of all matters pertaining to National, State, Ter- 
 ritorial, or Municipal legislation affecting this Exposition. 
 
 Committee on Fine Arts, 
 
 consisting of eight Commissioners, 
 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to Fine Arts which may be 
 referred to them by the Commission. 
 
 Committee on Science, History, Literature, and Education, 
 
 consisting of eight Commissioners, 
 
 ^Vhich shall have charge of all matters jDertaining to these subjects that may be 
 referred to them by the Commission. 
 
 Committee on Agriculture, 
 
 consisting of sixteen Commissioners, 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to Agriculture. 
 Committee on Live Stock, 
 
 consisting of sixteen Commissioners, 
 
 "Wliich shall have charge of all matters pertaining to Live Stock, including Do- 
 mestic Animals, Poultry, and Birds of all varieties. 
 
 Committee on Horticulture and Floriculture, 
 
 consisting of sixteen Commissioners, 
 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to these subjects. 
 
 Committee on Finance, 
 
 consisting of eight Commissioners, 
 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to the expenditures of this 
 Commission under the act of Congress, or such other matters of finance as may be 
 referred to them by the Commission. 
 
 Committee on Auditing, 
 
 consisting of four Commissioners, 
 Which shall have charge of examining and auditing all bills and accounts of the 
 Commission. 
 
 Committee on Ceremonies, 
 
 consisting of eight Commissioners, 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to the inauguration of the 
 World's Columbian Exposition, and all ceremonies connected from time to time 
 therewith. 
 
92 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Second Ses- COMMITTEE ON CLASSIFICATION, 
 
 gon-Tiiird consisting of sixteen Commissioners, 
 
 Which shall have charge of all subjects pertaining to the classification of exhibits, 
 and the limitation of space therefor, as may be referred to them by the Commission. 
 
 Committee on Manufactures, 
 
 consisting of sixteen Commissioners, 
 Which shall have charire of all matters pertaining to this subject, or that may 
 be referred to them by the Commission. 
 
 Committee on Commerce, 
 
 consisting of sixteen Commissioners, 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to Commerce thai may be 
 referred to them by the Commission. 
 
 Committee on Mines and Mining, 
 
 consisting of sixteen Commissioners, 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to metallurgy, mines, and 
 mining processes, or such as may be referred to them by the Commission. 
 Committee on Fisheries and Fish Culture, 
 
 consisting of eight Commissioners, 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to these subjects. 
 Committee on Electricity and Electrical Appliances, 
 consisting of eight Commissioners, 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to these subjects. 
 
 Committee on Forestry and Lumber, 
 
 consisting of eight Commissioners, 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to these subjects. 
 
 Committee on Machinery, 
 
 consisting of eight Commissioners, 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to machinery, or that may be 
 referred to them by the Commission. 
 
 Committee on World's Congresses, 
 
 consisting of eight Commissioners, 
 Who shall act in connection with the Local Directory in arranging for the 
 exhibits or meetings of any World's Congress that may desire to assemble here 
 during the Exposition. 
 
 Article Eleventh. 
 
 Board of Lady Managers. 
 The Board of Lady Managers shall con-sist of two women from each State and 
 Territory and the District of Columbia, to be nominated by the Commissioners from 
 the several States and Territories and the District of Columbia, and of one wc^nan 
 to be nominated by each of the Commissioners at-Large, and to be apponitcd by tlie 
 President- and also, nine women of the City of Chicago, to be appointed by the 
 President! as has been expressly determined by the resolution of the C(>nnnis..ion; 
 and a like number of alternates, to be appointed in thesame manner as the principa s 
 and to assume the duties and functions of such principals only when the prmcipals 
 are unable to attend. Principals and alternates shall be duly commissioned in accord- 
 ance with the direction of the Commission. The Board of Lady Managers shall be 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 93 
 
 convened by the President of this Commission at such times and places as he may Second ses- 
 deem proper, and at the first meeting organized b}' the election of a Chairman and Day" 
 Secretary. The Chairman and Secretary shall not be entitled to any compensation 
 other than that fixed in this article for each member of the Board. The members of 
 this Board shall be officers of the Commission and shall perform such duties in con- 
 nection with the "Woman's Department of the Exposition as may be prescribed by 
 the Executive Committee cf this Commission. Each member of the Board shall be 
 entitled to receive $6.00 per day for each day necessarily absent from home engaged 
 in the work of the Commission, and also the expenses for transportation actually 
 incurred by her on that account. The alternates shall receive no compensation 
 nor expenses of tiansportation except in cases where their principals are unable to 
 attend to the duties assigned to them; provided, however, that no Lady Manager 
 or alternate shall receive compensation for more than ten days during the fiscal year 
 ending June 80, 1891, or for more than twenty davs during the fiscal year ending 
 June 30, 1892, nor for more than twenty days during the time intervening between 
 June So, 1892, and May 1, 1893; and from and after the last mentioned date they 
 shall be allowed for so many days' service as shall be performed by them under 
 the order and direction of the Executive Committee of this Commission, and no 
 such member or alternate shall receive expenses for transportation except the travel 
 be authorized by the President of the Commission, or by the Executive Committee 
 thereof, and certified accordingly. 
 
 Article Twelfth. 
 
 Stated Meetings. 
 
 There shall be two stated meetings of the Commission in each year during the 
 existence of the Commission, to be held on the first "Wednesday of April and on the 
 first "Wednesday in September in each year, respectively, commencing with the first 
 Wednesday of April, 1891. 
 
 Article Thirteenth. 
 
 Special Meetings. 
 Special meetings shall be held upon the call of the President, and such call 
 therefor may be made on his own motion, and shall be made at the written request 
 of the Executive Committee, or of one-third of the members of the Commission, and 
 reasonable notice and the time and place of such meeting shall be given to each 
 Commissioner. 
 
 Article Fourteenth. 
 
 Reports of Disbursements. 
 
 It shall be the duty of the Secretary of this Commission, and of any and all other 
 officers thereof authorized or empowered to certify any account or voucher for 
 expenses incurred in the work of this Commission, to report the same in detail at least 
 once each month, and before the tenth day thereof, to the Executive Committee, and 
 to make detailed reports of the same to this Commission at each of its stated or 
 special meetings, and not later than the third day of each meeting. 
 
 Article Fifteenth. 
 
 Salaries of Officers. 
 
 Annual salaries shall be paid to the President, Secretary, and Director-General 
 as follows: 
 
 To the President, a salary of $12,000. 
 To the Secretary, a salary of $10,000. 
 To the Director-General, a salarv of $15,000. 
 
94 Worhfs Columbian Commission, 
 
 Second Ses- And such Salaries shall commence lo accrue from the date each has assumed. 
 
 Day" ^'" or shall assume, the duties of liis otfice. 
 
 Article Sixteenth. 
 
 Amendments. 
 
 Anicndmcuts shall only be made by a two-thirds vote of the Commissioners 
 
 present; and all propositions to alter or amend shall be referred to the Committee 
 
 on Rules, By-Laws, and Regulations, and be by it considered before any final action 
 
 thereon by the Commission. 
 
 William Lindsay, Chainruin, 
 George V. Massey, 
 
 L. GREG(i, 
 
 Philip Allen, Jr., 
 J. W. St. Clair, 
 
 B. B. Sm ALLEY, 
 
 Oscar R. Hundley, 
 W. J. Sewell. 
 
 Mr. Cochran, of Texas, moved that the report be adopted, as a whole. 
 
 [Vice-President Waller in the chair.] 
 
 Mr. McKenzie offered the following amendment to that section 
 of the report constituting the Committee on' Legislation: 
 
 That the Alternate Commissioners from each of the States, Terri- 
 tories, and the District of Columbia, be added to the Committee on 
 Legislation. 
 
 Mr. Massey raised the point of order that the amendment- required 
 the previous reconsideration of a portion of the proceedings of the first 
 session of the Commission. 
 
 The Vice-President ruled that the point of order was not well taken. 
 
 After protracted debate, and the submission and rejection of several 
 amendments, the amendment of Mr. McKenzie was adopted. 
 
 Several amendments to Article Eleventh of the By-Laws were pro- 
 posed, which were rejected or withdrawn, and one by Mr. Groner, of 
 Virginia, was adojitted, and on a further motion to amend by Mr. Groner, 
 Article Eleventh was ordered recommitted as a whole, with instructions 
 to the Committee to report amendments in the line indicated by the 
 result of the several votes taken during the progress of the debate. 
 
 The Vice-President then took up the report of the Committee seriatim^ 
 and, reading the title to each Article, called for amendments, announcing 
 that, unless amendment or objection were made, the Articles would be 
 declared adopted. 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 95 
 
 On motion of Mr. Sewell, of New Jersey, there was inserted after the second ses- 
 
 ' ^ y 7 Blon— Third 
 
 title, '* Committee on Forestry," in Article Ten, the following: 
 
 Day. 
 
 Committee on Printing, ^o^Sint-^ 
 
 consisting of six Commissioners, *°^' 
 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to this subject 
 that may be referred to them by the Commission. 
 
 Mr. Gregg, of Arkansas, offered the following substitute for Article 
 Fifteenth: 
 
 The President of this Columbian Commission shall receive the same 
 salary as a Senator in the United States Congress. 
 
 The Secretary of this Commission shall receive the same salary as a 
 Member of the House of Representatives of the United States Congress. 
 
 The Director-General of this Commission shall receive the same 
 salary as the Chief- Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States. 
 
 Each officer to be paid from date of entering upon the duties of such 
 
 office. 
 
 Mr. Hundley, of Alabama, moved to lay the substitute on the table, 
 but when informed that such motion would cut off debate, withdrew it in 
 order to give Mr. Gregg an opportunity to address the Commission. After 
 some debate the substitute was unanimously rejected. 
 
 Mr. Holliday, of Kansas, offered the following amendment to Article 
 Fifteenth: 
 
 The salary of the Secretary of this Commission shall be §12,000 per 
 annum. 
 
 Mr. Smith, of New Jersey, asked what salary was paid the Secretary 
 of the World's Columbian Exposition Association, of Chicago, and the 
 Vice-President was authorized by Mr. T. B. Bryan, who had been invited 
 to a seat beside the Chair, to report that Mr. Butterworth's salary is 
 }{io,ooo per year. 
 
 Mr. HoUiday's amendment was rejected and the section was unani- 
 mously adopted. 
 
 ■Mr. Hundley, of Alabama, offered the following resolution which was 
 adopted : 
 
 Resolved, That rule 37 be amended as follows: Strike out the words 
 "Rules, By-Laws, and Regulations,^' and insert in lieu thereof the words 
 " Judiciary, Rules, and By-Laws." 
 
 The question was then put on the adoption of the report of the 
 Committee on Judiciary, Rules, and By-Laws as a whole, with the 
 exception of the article recommitted, and it was adopted. 
 
96 
 
 WorlcVs Columbian Commission. 
 
 second 868- Mr. Way, of Georgia, offered the following resolution, which was 
 
 8lon-Thlrd 
 
 i>='y- adopted: 
 
 Election of Resolved, That as soon as the Executive Committee shall have reported 
 
 Generaf; to this Commission their choice for Director-General, it shall be in order 
 for any member of this Commission to nominate a candidate for that 
 position. 
 
 After all such nominations have been made, the election of Director 
 General shall proceed by written ballot, and the nominee receiving a ma- 
 jority of the votes of this Commission shall be declared Director-General 
 of the World's Columbian Exposition. 
 
 Mr. Garvin, of Indiana, offered the following resolution, which was 
 adopted: 
 
 Resolved, That the report of the Secretary, presented to this Commis- 
 sion, be approved, and that the portion of said report relating to the ex- 
 penses incurred and advanced by the Secretary in connection with his 
 office be referred to the Auditing Committee for action, when said Com- 
 mittee shall have been created and organized. 
 
 Mr. Martindale, of Indiana, offered the following resolution, which 
 was adopted: 
 
 Resolved, That the Secretary is hereby instructed to have printed in 
 pamphlet form, for the use of this Commission, the law of Congress cre- 
 ating this Commission; the names of the Commissioners, and their alter- 
 nates; the several Committees, including the duties required of them, and 
 the names of Commissioners appointed on such Committees, and the by- 
 laws, rules, and regulations adopted by the Commissioners. 
 
 Mr. Groner, as Chairman of the Committee on Titles and Local 
 Facilities, presented the following report: 
 
 Chicago, Sept. 17th, 1890. 
 To the Hon. Thomas IV. Palmer, Preside?7t World's Columbian Commission: 
 ^?Ee''com- Your Committee on Titles and Local Facilities beg to submit the fol- 
 
 TiuSeu:. lowing preliminary report: 
 
 Since the 10th inst., the first day after the Directors of the World's 
 Columbian Exposition took final action on the location of the site, your 
 Committee has diligently prosecuted its investigations and collected a 
 large amount of information on the questions referred to it; but, before 
 reaching a conclusion of their labors, the concurrence of several cor- 
 porations must be had. Among others, the concurrence of the South 
 Park Commissioners and that of the Illinois Central Railroad Co. must 
 be secured, and this work of these bodies your Committee can not in arfy 
 way expedite; yet, until their work is concluded and the result presented 
 to us, we can not report finally upon the question of title submitted to this 
 Committee. 
 
 Manual 
 ordered 
 to be 
 printed. 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 97 
 
 This Committee is assured by the Directory, and believe, that the second ses- 
 
 slon— Third 
 
 concurrence of these bodies will be granted, and that the necessary Day- 
 papers indicating the same are now in course of preparation and will be 
 ready to be presented to this Committee within the additional time herein 
 asked for by this Committee. 
 
 We ask until Saturday next to make a further and final report. 
 
 V. D. Groner, Chairman. 
 
 Martin Ryan, 
 
 John E. Garvin, 
 
 Oscar R. Hundley, 
 
 James D. Butt, 
 
 F. J. V. Skiff, 
 
 A. B. Hurt, 
 
 William M. Ferry, 
 
 Adlai T. Ewing, 
 
 L. Brainard. 
 
 The report was accepted and the extension of time allowed. 
 Mr. Sewell, of New Jersey, offered the following resolution, which 
 was adopted: 
 
 Resolved, That in all cases where Commissioners who are members Alternates 
 
 Directed 
 
 of the Executive Committee are absent, their alternates be directed to to serve 
 
 ' on the 
 
 represent them on that Committee. commit- 
 
 The Commission took a recess of thirty minutes, and, on again being 
 called to order, Mr. Massey, of Delaware, presented the following report 
 from the Committee on Judiciary, Rules, and By-Laws. 
 
 The Committee on Judiciary, Rules, and By-Laws, to whom was 
 committed so much of their original report on By-Laws as is contained in 
 Article Eleventh thereof, for revision in accordance with the sentiment 
 expressed by the Commission, beg leave to submit the following as their 
 report thereon, to- wit: That Article Eleventh of the By-Laws shall be 
 as follows: 
 
 Article Eleventh. 
 
 " Board of Lady Managers.'* 
 
 The Board of Lady Managers shall consist of two women from each 
 State and territory and the District of Columbia, to be nominated by 
 Commissioners from the several States and Territories and the District of 
 Columbia, and of one woman to be nominated by each of the Com- 
 missioners at Large, and to be appointed by the President; and also nine 
 women of the City of Chicago, to be appointed by the President, as 
 has been expressly determined by the order of the Commission; and a 
 like number of alternates, to be appointed in the same manner as the 
 principals, and to assume the duties and functions of such principals only 
 
 Executive 
 
 Con 
 
 tee. 
 
98 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Second ses- when the principals are unable to attend. Principals and alternates shall 
 ^a?- ^ be duly commissioned in accordance with the direction of the Commission. 
 The Board of Lady Managers shall be convened by the order of the 
 Executive Committee of the Commission, at such time and place as it 
 may deem proper, and, when so convened, shall organize by the election 
 of a Chairman and Secretary. The duration of such first meeting, as well 
 as the number and duration of each subsequent meeting, shall be wholly 
 under the control and be determined by said Executive Committee. 
 The members of this Board shall be officers of the Commission, and shall 
 perform such duties in connection with the Woman's Department of the 
 Exposition as said Executive Committee shall prescribe. Each member 
 of the Board shall be entitled to receive six dollars per day for each 
 day necessarily absent from home engaged in the work of the Commission, 
 and also the expenses for transportation actually incurred by her on 
 that account. The alternates shall receive no compensation nor expenses 
 for transportation, except in cases where their principals are unable to 
 attend to the duties assigned to them. No expenses for transportation 
 shall be allowed except the travel be authorized by the said Executive 
 Committee and certified accordingly. 
 
 The report was unanimously adopted, and the Commission, at 2 
 o'clock, adjourned. 
 
 Second Session— Fourth Day, Thursday, Sept. 18, 1890. 
 
 second sei- The Commission met at 10 o'clock a. m. President Palmer in the 
 
 Blon— 
 
 Salf^ chair. 
 
 Roll Call. 
 Ron Call. Commissioners-at-Large.— California, M. L.'McDonald; Kentucky. 
 
 W. Lindsay; Massachusetts, A. G. Bullock; Michigan, T. \V. Palmer; 
 Missouri, R. C. Kerens; New York, G. W. Allen; Pennsylvania, P. A. B. 
 Widener; Texas, H. Exall. 
 
 Commissioners of States.— Alabama, F. G. Bromberg, O. R. Hund- 
 ley; Arkansas, J. D. Adams, L. Gregg; Colorado, R. E. Goodell, F. J. 
 V. Skiff; Connecticut, T. M. Waller; Delaware, G. V. Massey, W. H. 
 Porter; Florida, J. Hirst, R. Turnbull; Georgia, L. McLaws, C. H. Way; 
 Idaho, G. A. Manning; Illinois, C. H. Deere, A. T. Ewing; Indiana, T. 
 
Minutes of the Second Sessiov. 99 
 
 E. Garvin, E. B. Martindale; Iowa, W. I. Buchanan, J. Hayes, alternate; se.;;;;;^se8- 
 Kansas, C. K. HoUiday, Jr., R. R. Price; Kentucky, J. Bennett, J. A. Da".' 
 McKenzie; Louisiana, D. B. Penn, P. J. McMahon, alternate; Maine, 
 A. R. Bixby, C. S. Edwards, alternate; Maryland, L. Lowndes, G. ^L 
 Upshur, alternate; Massachusetts, F. W. Breed; Michigan, M. H. Lane, 
 C. H. Richmond; Minnesota, M. B. Harrison, O. V. Tousley; Mississippi, 
 J. M. Bynum, R. L. Saunders; Missouri, T. B. Bullene; Montana, L. H. 
 Hershfield, A. H. Mitchell; Nebraska, Euclid Martin, A. G. Scott; Ne- 
 vada, J. W. Haines, G. Russell; New Hampshire, F. E. Kaley, alternate; 
 New Jersey, W. J. Sewell, T. Smith; New^ York, J. B. Thacher, J. H. 
 Breslin, alternate; North Carolina, A. B. Andrews, T. B. Keogh; North 
 Dakota, H. P. Rucker, M. Ryan; Ohio, W. Ritchie, L. C. Cron, alternate; 
 Oregon, M. Wilkins, J. L. Morrow, alternate; Pennsylvania, W. McClel- 
 land, J. W. Woodside; Rhode Island, L. B. Goff, G. C. Sims; South Caro 
 lina, J. R. Cochran, E. L. Roche, alternate; South Dakota, M. H. Day, 
 L. S. Bullard, alternate; Tennessee, R. Strong, A. B. Hurt, alternates; 
 Texas, A. M. Cochran, J. T. Dickinson; Vermont, H. H. Mclntyre, B. B. 
 Smalley; Virginia, V. D. Groner, J. T. Harris; Washington, W. Bing- 
 ham, C. B. Baglev. alternates; West Virginia, J. D. Butt, J. W. St. Clair; 
 Wisconsin, P. Allen, Jr.; Wyoming, H. G. Hay, A. S. Mercer, alternate; 
 Arizona, G. F. Coats; New Mexico, T. C. Gutierres, R. M. White; Okla- 
 homa, O. Beeson, J. D. Miles; Utah, P. H. Lannan, W. M. Ferry, alter-, 
 nate; District of Columbia, A. A. Wilson, E. K. Johnson, alternate. 
 
 Mr. Smalley moved that the minutes be approved as printed and 
 the reading dispensed with. 
 
 The Secretary submitted the following report in the matter of seats: 
 Report of Secretary Dickinson. 
 
 Gentlemen: In reference to the location of seats for the Commis- 
 sioners in this chamber, I beg to state that the problem I had to solv?e 
 was to place io6 men on a floor arranged to accommodate 68. In order 
 to follow, so far as possible, the expressed desire of this Commission, I 
 have kept strictly to the ballot allotment formerly made so far as the 68 
 seats were concerned, gaining four seats near the center door, and have 
 taken every available space in the chamber. Beginning first on the left 
 in the corner, where there is space for eight, then following down the left 
 I get eight more. In order to seat the eighteen remaining gentlemen I 
 have been obliged to arrange the Press on the left (where, I trust, they 
 will be equally comfortable), and have placed six numbers next in order 
 
loo WorlcV s Columhian Commission. 
 
 Second ses- in the balcony on the right, and finally the other twelve in the only space 
 Fourth left, in the corner. It may appear to some that single desks might have 
 been placed here and there, but it must be borne in mind that odd desks 
 would not only break the order of the States, but separate the Associate 
 Commissioners. I have studied the position in every aspect, and have 
 made the best possible disposition of it, so far as desks and chairs are 
 concerned. I beg to say, also, that it has been impossible to obtain im- 
 mediately a sufficient number of single desks, so that I am obliged to ask 
 indulgence where I have placed two Commissioners at a double desk. 
 
 Should this arrangement not meet with the approval of the Commis- 
 sion, and they desire a new ballot, I have the tickets prepared for that 
 
 purpose. 
 
 Respectfully submitted, 
 
 John T. Dickinson, 
 
 Secretary. 
 
 Mr. Way, of Georgia, moved that a new drawing of seats be made. 
 A division was called for, and the motion was lost: Ayes, 28; noes, 2>^. 
 
 Mr. Martindale, of Indiana, moved, and it was voted, that Commis- 
 sioners who are not seated satisfactorily be authorized to occupy the seats 
 of any Commissioners who are absent. 
 
 Mr. Widener, of Pennsylvania, presented the following resolution, 
 which was adopted: 
 
 Resolved^ That immediately after the conclusion of the regular order 
 of business to-morrow (PYiday) morning, this Commission shall proceed 
 . to elect a Director-General. 
 
 Mr. Thacher, of New York, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved, That the President of the Commission, or the Acting 
 Chairman of the Executive Committee, shall have the power to especially 
 assign an alternate Commissioner to the services of any of the standing 
 committees when his principal on that committee shall signify his inability 
 to be present at any meeting, or to perform continuous services on such 
 committee. 
 
 After protracted debate the motion was made by Mr. Waller to recon- 
 sider the vote by which the report of the Committee on Judiciary, Rules, 
 and By-Laws yesterday was adopted, and to commit the resolution of 
 Mr. Thacher to that Committee. 
 
 Mr. Thacher asked leave to present the following substitute, and 
 moved its adoption: 
 
 Resolved, That Mr. James H. Breslin, alternate Commissioner for Mr. 
 C. M. Depew, from New York, shall be specially assigned for duty and 
 service upon standmg committees in absence of Mr. Depew. 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 101 
 
 Mr. Waller, of Connecticut, offered the following amendment: second sea- 
 
 ' ' ° slon— 
 
 Provided, That this privilege shall only be exercised by such alter- DaJ"^^^ 
 nate at meetings of committees during the sessions of this Commission, 
 and in the absence of Mr. C. M. Depew. 
 
 The amendment was accepted by Mr. Thacher, and Mr. Waller 
 moved that the whole subject be tabled. A division was called for, and 
 the matter was tabled: Ayes, 55; noes, 29. 
 [Vice-President Waller in the Chair.] 
 
 Mr. Mercer, alternate from Wyoming, offered the following resolu- ^'^0°).""°°^ 
 
 1 1 .. J i.- the ques- 
 
 tion and moved its adoption: tion of a 
 
 site. 
 
 Whereas, The act of Congress creating the World's Columbian 
 Commission and in other ways providing for the holding of the World's 
 Columbian Exposition in the city of Chicago during the year 1893 pro- 
 vides for the tender of an adequate site by the Chicago Board of 
 Directors; and, 
 
 Whereas, The resolution adopted by this body at its first session 
 impliedly adopts two sites; therefore, 
 
 Resolved, That the former action taken in this matter be, and the 
 same is hereby reconsidered, and the Chicago Board of Directors called 
 upon for the tender of a site adequate and in one compact body. 
 
 Mr. St. Clair, of West Virginia, moved that consideration of the 
 resolution be postponed until Saturday, after the report of the Committee 
 on Titles and Local Facilities. After protracted debate the motion to 
 postpone was withdrawn by Mr. St. Clair and renewed by Mr. Smalley 
 of Vermont. 
 
 Mr. Lindsay, of Kentucky, offered the following amendment: 
 
 Strike out all after the word "reconsidered," and insert: ''And that 
 the Directors of the World's Columbian Exposition be requested to 
 report to this Commission, on the 19th instant, whether they have secured 
 the concurrence of the authorities having jurisdiction thereof to the 
 proposed use of the Lake Front and Jackson Park, and also to report 
 to what extent and for what purposes they propose to make use of the 
 Lake Front as a site for a portion of the Exposition, and what they 
 estimate will be the cost of preparing the Lake Front and Jackson Park 
 as sites for the Exposition; and that a copy of this resolution be at once 
 furnished to the President of the Illinois corporation." 
 
 Mr. Massey asked that when the main question came to be put, the 
 vote be by ayes and noes, and the call was sustained. 
 
 Mr. Smalley called for the ayes and noes on his motion to postpone, Debate 
 and the call was sustained. The motion was adopted. 
 
 8 
 
;[02 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 second_ses- Ayes.-M. L. McDonald, W. Lindsay, A. G. Bullock, R. C. Kerens, 
 
 P^-!'^ G. W. Allen, H. Exall, F. G. Bromberg, R. E. Goodell, F. J. V. Skiff, 
 T. M. Waller, G. V. Massey, J. Hirst, C. H. Way, A. T. Ewing, T. E. 
 Garvin, E. B. Martindale, J. Hayes, alternate, R. R. Price, J. Bennett, 
 J. -A. McKenzie, P. J. McMahon, alternate, A. R. Bixby, C. S. Edwards, 
 alternate, L. Lowndes, G. M. Upshur, alternate, F. W. Breed, M. H. Lane, 
 C. H. Richmond, M. B. Harrison, J. M. Bynum, R. L. Saunders, L. H. 
 Hershfield, A. H. Mitchell, E. Martin, A. G. Scott, G. Russell, W. J. 
 Sewell, T. Smith, J. B. Thacher, J. H. Breslin, alternate, A. B. Andrews, 
 T. B. Keogh, H. P. Rucker, M. Ryan, W. Ritchie, L. C. Cron, alternate, 
 W. McClelland, J. W. Woodside, L. B. Goff, G. C. Sims, J. R. Cochran, 
 E. L. Roche, alternate, M. H. Day, L. S. Bullard, alternate, R. Strong, 
 alternate, A. B. Hurt, alternate, A. M. Cochran, H. H. Mclntyre, B. B. 
 Smalley,'v. D. Groner, J. T. Harris, J. W. St. Clair, P. Allen, Jr., H. G. 
 Hay, G. F. Coats, T. C. Gutierres, P. H. Lannan, W. M. Ferry, alternate, 
 A. A. Wilson, E. K. Johnson, alternate— 70. 
 
 Noes.— J. D. Adams, L. Gregg, W. H. Porter, R. Turnbull, L. 
 McLaws; G. A. Manning, W. L Buchanan, C. K. Holliday, Jr., J. W. 
 Haynes, U. Wilkins, J. L. Morrow, alternate, W. Bingham, alternate. 
 A. S. Mercer, alternate, R. M. White, O. Beeson, J. D. Miles— 16. 
 
 It was ordered that the Committee on Titles and Local Facilities 
 have leave to sit during the daily meetings of the Commission. 
 
 Mr. Lindsay then offered the following resolution, which was unani- 
 mously adopted: 
 
 Resolved, That the Directors of the World's Columbian Exposition 
 be requested to report on Friday morning next, to this Commission's 
 Committee on Titles, to what extent the consent of the authorities having 
 jurisdiction thereof to the use of Lake Front and Jackson Park as sites 
 for the Exposition has been obtained; also for what purpose and to 
 what extent they propose to use the Lake Front, and what sum they 
 estimate it will cost to prepare the Lake Front, and also what sum it will 
 cost to prepare Jackson Park for the uses of the Exposition, and 
 whether they, propose to meet the cost of such preparation out of the 
 ten millions of dollars guaranteed to insure the success of the Exposition; 
 and that the Secretary of this Commission be instructed to deliver at 
 once a copy of this resolution to the President of the said World's Colum- 
 bian Exposition; also. 
 
 Resolved, That the Committee on Sites be instructed to embrace 
 in their report all the matters treated of by this resolution. 
 The Commission then adjourned. 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 103 
 
 Second Session— Fifth Day, Friday, Sept. 19, 1890. 
 
 The Commission met at 10 a. m., President Palmer in the Chair. ^^p^ioni^^"' 
 
 Fifth Day. 
 
 Roll Call. 
 
 Commissioners- at-Large. — California, M. L. McDonald; Kentucky, ^oii can. 
 W. Lindsay; Massachusetts, A. G. Bullock; Michigan, T. W. Palmer; 
 Missouri, R. C. Kerens; New York, G. W. Allen; Pennsylvania, P. A. B. 
 Widener; Texas, H. Exall. 
 
 Commissioners of States. — Alabama, F. G. Bromberg; Arkansas, 
 J. D. Adams, L. Gregg; Colorado, R. E. Goodell, F. J. V. Skiff; Con- 
 necticut, T. M. Waller; Delaware, G. V. Massey, W. H. Porter; Florida, 
 J. Hirst, R. Turnbull; Georgia, L. McLaws, C. H. Way; Idaho, G. A. 
 Manning; Illinois, C. H. Deere, A. T. Ewing; Indiana, T. E. Garvin, 
 E. B. Martindale; Iowa, W. I. Buchanan, J. Hayes, alternate; Kansas, 
 C. K. Holliday, Jr., R. R. Price; Kentucky, J. Bennett, J. A. McKenzie; 
 Louisiana, D. B. Penn, P. J. McMahon, alternate; Maine, A. R. Bixby, 
 C. S. Edwards, alternate; Maryland, L. Lowndes, G. M. Upshur, alter- 
 nate; Massachusetts, F. W. Breed; Michigan, M. H. Lane, C. H. Rich- 
 mond; Minnesota, M. B. Harrison, O. V. Tousley; Mississippi, J. M. 
 Bynum, R. L. Saunders; Montana, L. H. Hershfield, A. H. Mitchell; 
 Nebraska, Euclid Martin, A. G. Scott; Nevada, J. W. Haines, G. Russell; 
 New Hampshire, F. E. Kaley, alternate; New Jersey, W. J. Sewell, T. 
 Smith; New York, J. B. Thacher, J. H. Breslin, alternate; North Caro- 
 lina, A. B. Andrews, T. B. Keogh; North Dakota, H. P. Rucker, M. Ryan; 
 Ohio, W. Ritchie, L. C. Cron, alternate; Oregon, M. Wilkins, J. L. Mor- 
 row, alternate; Pennsylvania, W. McClelland, J. W. Woodside; Rhode 
 Island, Lu B. Goff, G. C. Sims; South Carolina, J. R. Cochran, E. L. Roche, 
 alternate; South Dakota, M. H. Day, L. S. Bullard, alternate; Tennessee, 
 R. Strong, A. B. Hurt, alternates; Texas, A. M. Cochran, J. T. Dickin- 
 son; Vermont, H. H. Mclntyre; Virginia, V. D. Groner, J. T. Harris; 
 Washington, W. Bingham, C. B. Bagley, alternates; West Vk-ginia, J. D. 
 Butt, J. W. St. Clair; Wisconsin, P. Allen, Jr.; Wyoming, H. G. Hay, 
 A. S. Mercer, alternate; Arizona, G. F. Coats; New Mexico, T. C. 
 Gutierres, R. M. White; Oklahoma, O. Beeson, J. D. Miles; Utah, P. H. 
 Lannan, W. M. Ferry, alternate; District of Columbia, A. A. Wilson, 
 E. K. Johnson, alternate. 
 
104 Worl(Ts Columbian Commission. 
 
 Second ses- It was voted that the readinc: of the minutes be dispensed with. 
 
 FifthDay. ^j^^ that they be adopted as printed. 
 
 Mr. Waller, of Connecticut, offered the following resolution, which 
 was adopted: 
 Alternate's Rcsolved, That in all cases where a Commissioner who is a member of 
 
 Service on ' 
 
 teeT""*' a Committee be absent, his alternate be authorized to represent him on 
 such Committee. 
 
 President Palmer, as Chairman of the Executive Committee, pre- 
 sented the following report from that Committee: 
 
 September 19, 1890. 
 ^t^eExecu- ^'^^^ World's Columbian Commission: 
 mitteeon Bv direction of the Executive Committee, I have the honor to report 
 
 theElec- -^ . . , ' . ^. 
 
 S?°fi?tnr. ^^^^ ^^ ^ meeting held this morning the accompanying communication 
 from the President and Secretary of the World's Columbian Exposition 
 Association, of Chicago, was received and considered, and the Executive 
 Committee decided to recommend to this Commission the election of Col. 
 George R. Davis as Director-General. 
 
 Respectfully submitted, 
 
 T. W. Palmer, 
 ChairmAn of Executive Committee. 
 
 Director 
 General. 
 
 Chicago, September 18, 1890. 
 
 reSy '' Hon. Thos. W. Palmer, Chairman Executive Committee, World's Colum- 
 
 recom- 
 
 5?«nd bian Commission: 
 
 Col. Geo. 
 R. Davis. 
 
 Dear Sir: Acting under the courteous invitation extended by your 
 Committee to this Board to express its preference in favor of one of the 
 several candidates whose names are before you for appointment as 
 Director-General of your Commission, the subject-matter of your invita- 
 tion was submitted to our Board of Directors at a meeting held this 
 evening. 
 
 After some discussion a vote was taken, resulting in a majority of the 
 Board in favor of Col. George R. Davis. 
 
 This may therefore be received as an expression of the preference of 
 this Board upon the question. 
 
 Thanking you and your Committee for their courtesy in this matter, 
 I am, very respectfully yours, 
 
 Lyman J. Gage, 
 President of the Worlds Columbian Exposition. 
 Benj. Butterworth, 
 
 Secretary. 
 
 The report was laid upon the table to await the regular order. 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 105 
 
 Mr. Sewell, of New Jersey, presented the following report from asecond^ses- 
 minority of the Executive Committee: nfthDay. 
 
 The undersigned members of the Executive Committee respectfully Minority 
 dissent from the report, and present for the position of Director-General 
 the name of General Daniel H. Hastings, of Pennsylvania. We believe 
 that he possesses every qualification for this responsible position, and 
 most earnestly urge that his selection will meet the best thought of the 
 land, that the Columbian Exposition is in no sense local and in every 
 sense National. 
 
 W. J. Sewell, 
 
 E. Kurtz Johnson, 
 A. T. EwiNG, 
 
 L. H. Hershfield, 
 
 F. W. Breed. 
 
 The report was laid upon the table to await the regular order. 
 The President announced the following: standinsf Committees of theAppoint- 
 
 ^ ment of 
 
 World's Columbian Commission: iSl c om*? 
 
 mittees. 
 
 Executive Committee. 
 President T. W. Palmer, Chairman. 
 M. L. McDonald, Commissioner-at-Large. 
 R. C. Kerens, Commissioner-at-Large. 
 Henry Exall, Commissioner-at-Large. 
 P. A. B. Widener, Commissioner-at-Large. 
 John T. Harris, Virginia. 
 William J. Sewell, New Jersey. 
 B. B. Smalley, Vermont. 
 E. B. Martindale, Indiana. 
 John Boyd Thacher, New York. 
 Francis W. Breed, Massachusetts 
 Euclid Martin, Nebraska. 
 Reese R. Price, Kansas. 
 M. B. Harrison, Minnesota. 
 James D. Butt, West Virginia. 
 Adlai T. Ewing, Illinois. 
 William F. King, Iowa. 
 H. P. Piatt, Ohio. 
 L. McLaws, Georgia. 
 T. L. Williams, Tennessee. 
 Joseph Hirst, Florida. 
 R. L. Saunders, Mississippi. 
 
106 World'' s Columbian Commission, 
 
 Second ses- L. H. Hcrshfield, Montana. 
 
 Blon— ' 
 
 FifthDay. j^ ^ Gooclcll, Colorado. 
 
 A. T. Britton, District of Columbia. • 
 James A. McKenzie, Kentucky. 
 
 Committee on Judiciary, Rules, and By-Laws. 
 
 William Lindsay, Commissioner-at-Large, Chairman. 
 
 G. V. Massey, Delaware. 
 
 J. W. St. Clair, West Virginia. 
 
 William J. Sewell, New Jersey. 
 
 B. B. Smalley, Vermont. 
 L. Gregg, Arkansas. 
 
 O. R. Hundley, Alabama. 
 P. Allen, Jr., Wisconsin. 
 
 Committee on Tariffs and Transportation. 
 
 V. D. Groner, Virginia, Chairman. 
 W. Aiken, New Hampshire. 
 
 C. M. Depew, New York. 
 
 W. McClelland, Pennsylvania. 
 
 M. H. Lane, Michigan. 
 
 J. D. Adams, Arkansas. 
 
 L. Brainard, Connecticut. • 
 
 A. B. Andrews, North Carolina. 
 
 L. Lowndes, Maryland. 
 
 O. R. Hundley, Alabama. 
 
 J. W. Haines, Nevada. 
 
 G. C. Sims, Rhode Island. 
 
 H. H. Mclntyre, Vermont. 
 
 T. C. Gutierres, New Mexico. 
 
 H. P. Rucker, North Dakota. 
 
 E. Martin, Nebraska. 
 
 Committee on Foreign Affairs. 
 
 C. M. Depew, New York, Chairman. 
 Thomas M. Waller, Connecticut. 
 G. V. Massey, Delaware. 
 A. A. Wilson, District of Columbia. 
 R. C. Kerens, Commissioner-at-Large. 
 
Minutes of the Second Session, 107 
 
 C. H. Way, Georgia. second ses- 
 M. H. Lane, Michigan. Fifth Day. 
 
 D. B. Penn, Louisiana. 
 
 Committee on Fine Arts. 
 
 A. G. Bullock, Commissioner-at-Large, Chairman. 
 
 C. M. Depew, New York. 
 
 A. A. Wilson, District of Columbia. 
 
 O. V. Tousley, Minnesota. 
 
 W. I. Buchanan, Iowa. 
 
 M. H. de Young, California. 
 
 James Hodges, Maryland. 
 
 T. J. Woodward, Louisiana. 
 
 Committee on Science, History, Literature, and Education. , 
 
 O. V. Tousley, Minnesota, Chairman. 
 A. C. Beckwith, Wyoming. 
 F. G. Bromberg, Alabama. 
 
 C. H. Jones, Missouri. 
 
 T. J. Woodward, Louisiana. 
 
 A. G. Bullock, Commissioner-at-Large. 
 
 W. F. King, Iowa. 
 
 J. A. McKenzie, Kentucky. 
 
 Committee on Agriculture. 
 
 W. I. Buchanan, Iowa, Chairman. 
 
 L. T. Baxter, Tennessee 
 
 R. Turnbull, Florida. 
 
 A. M. Cochran, Texas. 
 
 J. L. Mitchell, Wisconsin. 
 
 J. W. Haines, Nevada. 
 
 D. B. Penn, Louisiana. 
 
 J. M. Bynum, Mississippi. 
 A. P. Butler, South Carolina. 
 A. G. Scott, Nebraska. 
 O. Beeson, Oklahoma. 
 H. H. Mclntyre, Vermont. 
 J. D. Adams, Arkansas. 
 M. Wilkins, Oregon. 
 
108 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Second ses- William Forsyth, California. 
 
 8lon- ^ ' 
 
 Fifth Day. ^ ^ Y gj^ifj^ Colorado. 
 
 Committee on Live Stock. 
 
 J. L. Mitchell, Wisconsin, Chairman. 
 
 John Bennett, Kentucky. 
 
 T. E. Proctor, Massachusetts. 
 
 G. A. Manning, Idaho. 
 
 G. Russell, Nevada. 
 
 E. B. Martindale, Indiana. 
 H. Drum, Washington. 
 
 J. D. Miles, Oklahoma. 
 
 T. C. Gutierres, New Mexico. 
 
 H. P. Rucker, North Dakota. 
 
 H. Exall, Commissioner-at-Large. 
 
 L. T. Baxter, Tennessee. 
 
 A. H. Mitchell, Montana. 
 
 W. Mclntyre, South Dakota. 
 
 A. T. Ewing, Illinois. 
 
 H. G. Hay, Wyoming. 
 
 Committee on Horticulture and Floriculture. 
 
 W. Forsyth, California, Chairman. 
 
 G. A. Manning, Idaho. 
 
 W. H. Porter, Delaware. 
 
 C. D. McDuffie, New Hampshire. 
 
 T. E. Garvin, Indiana. 
 
 F. J. V. Skiff, Colorado. 
 
 W. Zeckendorf, Arizona. 
 
 A. R. Bixby, Maine. 
 
 R. TurnbuU, Florida. 
 
 J. W. Woodside, Pennsylvania. 
 
 C. H. Richmond, Michigan. 
 
 J. R. Cochran, South Carolina. 
 
 J. Hodges, Maryland. 
 
 C. H. Deere, Illinois. 
 
 F. J. Kiesel, Utah. 
 
 P. Allen, Jr., Wisconsin. 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 109 
 
 Committee on Finance. secondsoa- 
 
 slon— 
 Fifth Day. 
 
 Charles H. Jones, Missouri, Chairman. 
 
 L. H. Hershfield, Montana. 
 
 James Hodges, Maryland. 
 
 H. H. Mclntyre, Vermont. 
 
 A. B. Andrews, North Carolina. 
 
 A. R. Bixby, Maine. 
 
 J. T. Harris, Virginia. 
 
 P. H. Lannan, Utah. 
 
 Committee on Auditing. 
 
 T. E. Garvin, Indiana, Chairman. 
 P. Allen, Jr., Wisconsin. 
 C. K. Holliday, Jr., Kansas. 
 J. D. Butt, West Virginia. 
 
 Committee on Ceremonies. 
 
 J. D. Adams, Arkansas, Chairman. 
 
 P. A. B. Widener, Commissioner-at-Large. 
 
 William Lindsay, Commissioner-at-Large. 
 
 V. D. Groner, Virginia. 
 
 C. H. Richmond, Michigan. ' 
 
 G. W. Allen, Commissioner-at-Large. 
 
 M. B. Harrison, Minnesota. 
 
 R. C. Kerens, Commissioner-at-Large. 
 
 Committee on Classification. 
 
 C. H. Deere, Illinois, Chairman. 
 
 W. McClelland, Pennsylvania. 
 
 L. B. Goff, Rhode Island. 
 
 M. Ryan, North Dakota. 
 
 M. H. de Young, California. 
 
 T. L. Williams, Tennessee. 
 
 A. M. Cochran, Texas. 
 
 T. Smith, New Jersey. 
 
 T. B. Keogh, North Carolina. 
 
 C. H. Way, Georgia. 
 
 J. D. Miles, Oklahoma. 
 
 H. P. Piatt, Ohio. 
 
110 World'' s Columbian Commission, 
 
 Second ses- G. F. Coats, Arizona. 
 
 Blon— 
 
 Fifth Day. ^ q Beckwith, Wyoming. 
 
 J. Hirst, Florida. 
 T. E. Garvin, Indiana. 
 
 Committee on Manufactures. 
 
 L. Brainard, Connecticut, Chairman. 
 
 T. E. Proctor, Massachusetts. 
 
 T. B. Bullene, Missouri. 
 
 W. McClelland, Pennsylvania. 
 
 R. M. White, New Mexico. 
 
 W. H. Porter, Delaware. 
 
 C. H. Deere, Illinois. 
 
 T. Smith, New Jersey 
 
 W. Ritchie, Ohio. 
 
 G. C. Sims, Rhode Island. 
 
 L. McLaws, Georgia. 
 
 W. Aiken, New Hampshire. 
 
 J. M. Bynum, Mississippi. 
 
 F. J. Kiesel, Utah. 
 
 William Mclntyre, South Dakota. 
 
 W. Zeckendprf, Arizona. 
 
 Committee on Commerce. 
 
 L. Lowndes, Maryland, Chairman. 
 
 J. B. Thacher, New York. 
 
 J. M. Bynum, Mississippi. 
 
 T. M. Waller, Connecticut. 
 
 L. B. Goff, Rhode Island. 
 
 T. E. Proctor, Massachusetts. 
 
 M. Wilkins, Oregon. 
 
 R. Turnbull, Florida. 
 
 George V. Massey, Delaware. 
 
 H. Exall, Commissioner-at-Large. 
 
 J. R. Cochran, South Carolina. 
 
 H. P. Piatt, Ohio. 
 
 T. J. Woodward, Louisiana. 
 
 H. Drum, Washington. 
 
 C. D. McDuffie, New Hampshire. 
 
 C. H. Way, Georgia. 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. Ill 
 
 Committee on Mines and Mining. second ses- 
 
 sion- 
 Fifth Day. 
 
 F. J. V. Skiff, Colorado, Chairman. 
 M. H. Day, South Dakota. 
 
 L. T. Baxter, Tennessee. 
 J. W. St. Clair, West Virginia. 
 J. W. Woodside, Pennsylvania. 
 A. H. Mitchell, Montana. 
 L. Lowndes, Maryland. 
 
 G. Russell, Nevada. 
 
 F. G. Bromberg, Alabama. 
 J. E. Stearns, Idaho. 
 
 G. F. Coats, Arizona. 
 
 C. H. Richmond, Michigan. 
 
 P. H, Lannan, Utah. 
 
 H. Drum, Washington. 
 
 R. M. White, New Mexico. 
 
 M. L. McDonald, Commissioner-at-Large. 
 
 Committee on Fisheries and Fish Culture. 
 
 A. R. Bixby, Maine, Chairman. 
 A. P. Butler, South Carolina. 
 W. J. Sewell, New Jersey. 
 R. E. Goodell, Colorado. 
 C. B. Hopkins, Washington. 
 R. L. Saunders, Mississippi. 
 M. H. Lane, Michigan. 
 H. Klippel, Oregon. 
 
 Committee on Electricity and Electrical Appliances. 
 
 G. C. Sims, Rhode Island, Chairman. 
 
 C. B. Hopkins, Washington. 
 
 M. Ryan, North Dakota. 
 
 G. W. Allen, Commissioner-at-Large. 
 
 W. G. Davis, Maine. 
 
 F. W. Breed, Massachusetts. 
 
 O. R. Hundley, Alabama. 
 
 R, R. Price, Kansas. 
 
112 Woi^kVs Columbian Commission. 
 
 Second Ses- COMMITTEE ON FORESTRY AND LUMBER. 
 
 slon— 
 Fifth Day. 
 
 J. W. St. Clair, West Virginia, Chairman. 
 
 R. M. White, New Mexico. 
 
 W. G. Davis, Maine. 
 
 A. G. Scott, Nebraska. 
 
 H. Klippel, Oregon. 
 
 L. Gregg, Arkansas. 
 
 R. L. Saunders, Mississippi. 
 
 H. G. Hay, Wyoming. 
 
 Committee on Machinery. 
 
 William Ritchie, Ohio, Chairman. 
 
 W. H. Porter, Delaware. 
 
 John Bennett, Kentucky. 
 
 W. Forsyth, California. 
 
 L. B. Goff, Rhode Island. 
 
 M. H. Day, South Dakota. 
 
 T. B. Bullene, Missouri. 
 
 O. Beeson, Oklahoma. 
 
 Committee on World's Congresses. 
 
 J. W. Woodside, Pennsylvania, Chairman. 
 C. H. Jones, Missouri. 
 John Bennett, Kentucky. 
 
 A. A. Wilson, District of Columbia. 
 F. G. Bromberg, Alabama. 
 
 J. B. Thacher, New York. 
 O. V. Tousley, Minnesota. 
 
 B. B. Smalley, Vermont. 
 
 Committee on Printing. 
 
 C. K. Holliday, Jr., Kansas, Chairman. 
 . T. B. Keogh, North Carolina. 
 
 J. T. Harris, Virginia. 
 P. H. Lannan, Utah. 
 J. E. Stearns, Idaho. 
 T. B. Bullene, Missouri. 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 113 
 
 The report of the Executive Committee upon nomination for second ses- 
 
 ^ * Blon— 
 
 Director-General was again taken up and Mr. Ewing, of Illinois, arose to ^""^^^"y- 
 a question of privilege, and stated that his dissent from the report of the 
 majority of the Executive Committee was intended by him to go only so 
 far as to withhold his endorsement of the choice of the Executive Com- 
 mittee, and not so far as to endorse General Hastings or any other 
 candidate for the position of Director-General. 
 
 Mr. Hershfield, of Montana, arose to a question of privilege and 
 stated that his position in regard to the report of the minority of the 
 Executive Committee was precisely the same as that of Mr. Ewing. It 
 was ordered that a record be made of the statements of the Commis- 
 sioners. 
 
 Mr. Waller, of Connecticut, offered the following resolution, which 
 was adopted: 
 
 Resolved, That the various standing committees of this Commission ^sfaS,1ng°* 
 be and are hereby authorized to establish their headquarters and hold feS^^*' 
 their meetings wherever they may find it for the convenience of the public 
 and themselves. 
 
 The President announced that he had received the following com- 
 munication from the World's Columbian Exposition, which he directed 
 
 the Clerk to read: 
 
 Chicago, September 19, 1890. ^^?^<^^^ °* 
 Hon. Thomas W. Palmer, President World's Columbian Commission: ^jj^'f^y^^^r^. 
 Dear Sir: I have the honor herewith to transmit, for the informa- andf flnan^ 
 tion of the Commission, a copy of a resolution adopted by the Board of 
 Directors of the World's Columbian Exposition, September 18, 1890. 
 
 Very respectfully, 
 
 Benj. Butterworth, 
 
 Secretary. 
 
 Secretaky's Office of the 
 World's Columbian Exposition. 
 
 Chicago, September 19, 1890. 
 I hereby certify that at a meeting of the Board of Directors of the World's 
 Columbian Exposition, held on the evening of the 18th of September, A. D. 1890, 
 the resolution hereto attached was adopted by a unan mous vote of said Board. 
 
 Witness my hand and the seal of this corporation, this nineteenth (19th) day 
 of September, 1890. 
 
 [seal] Benj. Butterworth, 
 
 Secretary. 
 RESOLUTION OF THE DIRECTORS. 
 
 Chicago, September 18, 1890. 
 Hon. T. W. Palmer, President World's Columbian Commission: 
 
 Dear Sir: In answer to the resolution adopted by the Commission September 
 18th, calling upon this Board to submit to the Commission's Committee on Titles, 
 
 ces. 
 
114 World^s Columbian Commission, 
 
 Second sc8 information relating to Jackson Park and the Lake Front; also for the declaration 
 Fifth~Day. froni this Board as to the purposes and the extent to which it is proposed by us to 
 u^e the Lake Front, and what sum we estimate it will cost lo prepare ihe Lake 
 Front, and what sum it will cost to prepare Jackson Park for the uses of the Expo- 
 sition, and whether we prop( sc to meet the cost of such preparation out of the ten 
 millions of dollars pledged by this corporation for the purposes of the Fair, the fol- 
 lowing is respectfully submitted by this Directory: 
 
 Resolved, 1. That our counsel, Mr. John P Wilson, be, and is hereby directed, 
 to wait upon the Committee on Titles with wl)atever documents he may have 
 relating to title, whatever evidences of title he may liavc, and such statements and 
 explanations concerning generally the subject matter of title, as may be desired by 
 said Committee, both as to Jackson Park and the Lake Front, and that Director 
 Charles L. Hutchinson be appointed a committee of one to accompany Mr. Wilson 
 on this business. 
 
 2. As to tlie purposes and extent to which we propose to use the Lake Front, 
 we respectfully submit herewith a communication addressed to the Honorable 
 Speaker of the House of Representatives of the State of Illinois, adopted by this 
 Board at a meeting held July 26lh, directly bearing upon this subject. 
 
 3. In answer to the inquiry as to the cost of preparing the Lake Front and 
 Jackson Park for the uses of the Exposition, we respectfully submit herewith, as 
 the best estimates we can furnish at the present time, a copy of the report made by 
 the Committee on Grounds and Buildings, under date of September 16th, which 
 report Las been submitted to, and is approved by, this Board, 
 
 4 We desire to say that it i^ not the intention of the Directory to encroach 
 upon Ihe ten million dollar fund for filling Jackson Park, and filling and piling 
 the Lake Front, it being the intention of this Board to use the ten million dollars 
 pledged for the creation of the Exposition proper. 
 
 Respectfully submitted, 
 
 Lyman J. Gage, 
 
 President. 
 
 RESOLUTION OF THE GROUNDS AND BUILDINGS COMMITTEE 
 
 Chicago, September 16, 1890. 
 
 To the President and Directors World's Columbian Exposition ; 
 
 The following resolution was adopted by the Committee on Grounds and Build- 
 ings at their meeting of even date herewith ; 
 
 Resolved^ That the representative of this Committee, at the meeting of the 
 Executive Committee on the 17th inst., be instructed to submit the following 
 figures as the approximate cost of the works with which this Committee will be 
 charged : 
 
 1. Lake Front, 
 
 Piling, and filling, and preparation of, say fifty to sixty acres east of 
 railroad, and also of present park, ready for use by the public; 
 buildings not included | 1,500,000 
 
 2. Jackson Park. 
 
 Preparation of grounds, sewerage, water supply, ornamentation, etc., etc.. 1,750,000 
 
 3. Buildings, 
 
 Minimum of 100 acres under roof 10,000,000 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 115 
 
 The Committee desire that its representative shall explain to the Executive second sea- 
 Committee that the foregoing figures are an approximate estimate only, and that F?fthDay 
 ample time will be necessary to prepare reliable figures. 
 
 Respectfully submitted, 
 
 E. T. Jeffery, 
 Chaii'man, pro tem., Committee on Grounds and Buildings. 
 
 THE WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 
 
 To the Honorable Speaker of the House of Representatives of the State of Illinois: 
 The Board of Directors of the World's Columbian Exposition, desiring to 
 
 respond in a frank and proper spirit to the resolution adopted by your honorable 
 
 body, submit in answer thereto the following: 
 
 They have not at hand, nor is it attainable at once, the knowledge and experience 
 
 needful m the classification and management, to determine in advance the details 
 involved in exhibiting the "arts, industries, manufactures, and products of the soil, 
 
 mine, and sea," which will be represented by 40,000 or 50,000 exhibitors. 
 
 Tiiat the work is colossal in character all will admit; that as it develops it must 
 
 be comprehended, mastered, and wisely managed is beyond question. 
 
 For the fuller information of the Legislature it is deemed appropriate to submit 
 a brief statement of the situation. This would seem to be proper in order to set 
 forth clearly the relation the State ot Illinois, the City of Chicago, and this Board 
 of Directors sustain to the "World's Columbian Exposition." 
 
 By the Act of Congress approved April 29, 1890, provision was made for fitly 
 commemorating the 400th anniversary of the discovery of America by an Exposition 
 "of the resources of the United States, their development, and the progress of the 
 civilization of the world.'' The act declares that "such Exhibition should be of 
 National and International character," 
 
 Provision was made in the act for the appointment by the President of Commis- 
 sioners from the several States and Territories, upon the nomination of the Govern- 
 *ors thereof, and, in addition, eight Commissioners-at-Laige, said appointees to con- 
 stitute the "World's Columbian Commission." 
 
 That Commission has been duly appointed, and is by the Act of Congress clothed 
 with certain powers and charged with certain duties with reference to the inaugura- 
 tion and conduct of the Exposition. 
 
 The question of locating the Exposition devolved upon Congress. It was an 
 honor for which several States and the Nation's Capital contested. Illinois petitioned 
 to have the Exhibition located in Chicago, Certain conditions were to be com- 
 plied with and obligations assumed, in order to secure the favorable consideration of 
 Congress. As a condition precedent to having the Fair located in Chicago, the 
 city and her citizens had to provide a fund of ten millions of dollars in aid of the 
 enterprise and produce satisfactory evidence that sites eligible and suitable were 
 obtainable for the use of the Fair. Needed assurances had also to be given that the 
 State of Illinois, and Chicago as the local site, would carry out and into effect the 
 letter and spirit of the Act of Congress. The faith of the State, and of Chicago as 
 the local site, was, by their accredited representatives, pledged before the world to 
 this, and thereupon Congress conferred upon our State the exceptional honor of 
 locating the World's Columbian Exposition within its borders and in its chief city, 
 thus committing to the citizens of Illinois the duty and obligation of providing for and 
 conducting the enterprise in a manner suitable to the occasion and worthy of the 
 Nation, 
 
116 Woi^krs Columbian Commission. 
 
 Second Sea- The citizens of Chicago promptly provided by subscription for $5,000,000. They 
 
 Fifth"Day. also, by every act that can bind the conscience and c(;uduct of a people, pledged the 
 city to raise $5,000,000 more, making the $10,000,000 required. This was done, and 
 had to be doue, before Congress would take final action in locating the Exposition. 
 
 In order to carry out and into effect the Act of Congress, the Columbian Expo- 
 sition was incorporated, with a Board of Directors numbering forty-five. The mem- 
 bers of that Board represent subscriptions in aid of the Exposition to an amount 
 above $5,000,000. Legislation by the State and by the City of Chicago was indis- 
 pensable, in order to comply with the terms upon which the Exposition was located 
 in Illinois. The essential legislation is embodied in the pending joint resolution and 
 bill. 
 
 In the matter of selecting sites for the Exhibition, attention is called to the Act 
 of Congress (Section 5) which provides that "the National Commission be empow- 
 ered in its discretion to accept for the purposes of the ' World's Columbian Ex- 
 position ' such site as may be selected and offered, and such plans and specifications 
 of buildings to be erected for such purpose, at the expense of and tendered by the 
 organization under the laws of Illinois, known as the World's Exposition." * * 
 
 The action taken under said section is disclosed in the proceedings of the Direct- 
 ors, which, with the subsequent action of the National Commission, is herewith 
 submitted: 
 
 Chicago, July 1, 1890. 
 To the World's Columbian Commission: 
 
 Gentlemen: At a meeting of the Board of Directors of the World's Colum- 
 bian Exposition, held this day, the following resolution was unanimously adopted : 
 
 Resolved, That this Board hereby adopts — subject to the concur] ence of the 
 
 authorities having jurisdiction thereof — the Lake Front and Jackson Park as the site 
 
 for the location of the World's Columbian Exposition, it being the intention of the 
 
 Board to make as large a use as may be possible of the room now existing or that 
 
 may hereafter be gained on the Lake Front, and use Jackson Park so far as may be 
 
 necessary to provide adequate room and buildings for the Exposition. 
 
 Adopted July 1, 1890. 
 
 Very respectfully, 
 
 J. H. KiNGWILL, 
 
 Approved: Acting Secretary. 
 
 Lyman J. Gage, 
 
 President. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Price, of Kansas, the Commission then proceeded to the call 
 of the roll by States, upon the order, viz. : The resolution of Mr. Martindale, of 
 Indiana, as follows: 
 
 Resolved, That the site proposed by the President and the Directors of the Chi- 
 cago Columbian Exposition for the holding of the World's Columbian Exposition be, 
 and the same is, formally accepted by this Commission, and that all questions about 
 the title of said site and facilities of transportation, etc., etc., be referred to a com- 
 mittee of ten, to be appointed by the President of the Commission, and said com- 
 mittee shall be directed to report at the next meeting of the Commission. 
 
 The roll was called, and the resolution was adopted by vote of 81 to 11. 
 
 Said Act of Congress provides (Section 6): " That the said Commissioners shall 
 allot space for exhibitors, prepare u classification of exhibits, determine the plan and 
 scope of the Exposition." 
 
 Touching the location of the exhibits inquired of by your honorable body, 
 the Directory call attention to the citation above. 
 
Minutes of the Second Session 117 
 
 It will be observed that ihe National Commission is clothed with certain super- Second Ses- 
 visory power, and is also charged with certain specific duties by the section quoted. Fifth Day. 
 Attention is called to this matter as bearing on the authority of the Local Board 
 with reference to determining definitely and finally where exhibits shall be placed. 
 The Directory is informed that an impression has been created, as they believe by 
 I)ersons unfriendly to the Exposition, that in the disposition of the exhibits some 
 injustice is contemplated or may be done the agricultural interests of the country 
 by divorcing that display from the main exhibit. The allegation or suggestion is 
 unfounded and unjust to the Directory. The fact is fully recognized tliat agri- 
 culture is one of the chief sources of our Nation's prosperity and greatness, and is 
 entitled to and must receive conspicuous prominence in the Exposition. It must 
 not be forgotten that the Fair will be an entirety notwithstanding a dual site. 
 I' will be obvious to all, on a moment's reflection, that the knowledge and experience 
 acquired in the past in allotting space and apportioning exhibits would not at this 
 early date qualify the Directors to state with even approximate accuracy and detail 
 the precise location of buildings and exhibits, but the Board can, and does, indi- 
 cate its plan and purpose to so provide that there shall be no just ground on the part 
 of any interest for even captious criticisms. 
 
 The Directory is in conference with the State Board of Agriculture, and has 
 solicited their active aid and cooperation, and the plan of the Directory with 
 reference to exhibits, so far as it is possible in advance to form one, has been 
 presented to the Committee of that Board. It is inevitable that the statements 
 presented must be general in terms. In common with their fellow-citizens, the 
 members of this Board are deeply sensible of the importance of doing the fullest 
 justice and aflfording ample opportunity to every industry and interest in the country; 
 that in no other way can success be deserved or achieved. They feel, and each cf 
 them feels, that in no small measure the dignity and honor of the Nation, in the 
 matter of making the proposed Exposition fit and worthy, are committed to the 
 State and citizens of Illinois, and the Directory have no ambition or wish but to 
 so discharge their duties as to reflect honor on the State and city in redeeming their 
 pledges to the Nation and the world. The subjoined resolution and statement 
 thereto appended, adopted by a unanimous vote of the Board, is an expression of 
 their desire and intention touching the exhibits: 
 
 Resolved, That it is the intention and purpose of this Board, in so far as it may 
 be able to do so, to locate the Agricultural and Stock exhibits of the World's Co- 
 lumbian Exposition in ihe same inclosure with the Machinery, State, and such other 
 exhibits as will render that portion of the Exposition at least equal in general 
 interest and attractiveness to any other portion of the World's Fair, and^ to consist 
 (with others) of such exhibits as the following : 
 
 1st. The agricultural display in all its divisions and ramifications, including 
 the varied products of the soil, live stock, and food products. 
 
 2d. Agricultural implements and machinery of every character and description. 
 
 3d. Machinery and power hall, with all its various groups and extensive rami- 
 fications. 
 
 4th. Forestry, including the varieties of wood and wood- working machinery 
 not placed in the preceding item. 
 
 5th. Railroad display. Railroad equipments, including all fixed plants and 
 rolling-stock used in the construction and operation of a railroad. 
 
 6th. Hydraulics and pneumatics, including all hydraulic and pneumatic machin- 
 ery and motors and things pertaining to those arts. 
 
118 WorlcVs Columbian Commission. 
 
 second ses- 7tli. Street railroads and tramways and electric and other motive-power for 
 
 Fifth Day. operatmg the same. 
 
 8th. An electric plant with power and appurtenances. 
 
 9th. Mills and milling machinery and devices pertaining to the art. 
 
 10th. Printing in all its branches and ramifications; power presses, type 
 machines, automatic type-setting machines, etc., etc. 
 
 11th. Weaving; power and hand looms and kindred devices and machines. 
 
 12th. Glassware and glass-making, with the tools, implements, machinery, etc. 
 
 13lh. Minerals and ores of all nations. 
 
 14th. Pottery exhibits, with the machinery and appliances for manufacture. 
 
 15th. Departments of telegraphy, telephony, phonographs, graphophones, etc. 
 
 16th. Builders' hardware, tools, cutlery, etc. 
 
 17th. Military and sporting arms, weapons, explosives, and enginery of war. 
 
 18th. Machine tools— wood, metal, and stone. 
 
 19th. Apparatus and implements used in sewing and making clothing, laces, 
 and ornamental articles. 
 
 20th. Machinery for the manufacture of silk, including the removal of the fibre 
 from the cocoon, etc. 
 
 21st. Architecture, engineering, and things appertaining thereto. 
 
 22d. Cotton and woolen mills and fabrics thereof. 
 
 23d. Marine display. 
 
 We may add one of the cogent reasons for the use of the Lake Front. We have 
 with us a permanent population of more than one million people. During the six 
 months of the Fair, the' great proportion of our business men, clerks, industrial 
 classes, railroad operatives, and other employes, will find their time more severely 
 taxed (in the care and entertainment of our visitors) than at any other period. Their 
 opportunities for visiting that part of the Exposition lying more remote from the 
 center of the city will not be at all what we could desire. It is also impracticable to 
 keep open in the evening buildings much removed from the center. The Lake 
 Front can be thus utilized in the evening. It should be made attractive and educa- 
 tional. To this point our own people and visiting strangers could and would come 
 by the thousands, to crown by a delightful evening the labors of the day. 
 
 Concerning the exhibits upon the Lake Front, the Board contemplate placing 
 there the art building, which is designed to be a large structure, beautiful in archi- 
 tectural design and finish. There will be exhibited in this building fine arts, oil- 
 paintings, water-colors, engravings, statuary, etc. 
 
 2(1. Decorative art building, suitable for an elaborate display of decorative art : 
 jewelry display, such as diamonds, watches, gold and silver ornaments, clocks, 
 bronzes, decorative embroideries, and high art goods of all kinds. 
 
 3d» An electrical plant, with electrical devices, illuminated fountains, etc. 
 4th. Turkish, Indian, and Egyptian villages, etc. 
 
 5th. Government departmental exhibits, which would include exhibits from the 
 State Department, Treasury Department, War Department, Navy Department, 
 Interior Department, Post Office Department, Depiutmcnt of Justice, Smithsonian 
 Institution and National Museum, and Fish and Fisheries Department, as stated 
 
 above. 
 
 These are indicative of the line of exhibits intended for the Lake Front, but of 
 course they do not and could not, in the nature of things, include any considerable 
 part of the catalogue. 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 119 
 
 It is impossible to convey to tlie mind an adequate idea of the vastness, variety, second Ses- 
 number, and extent of the exhibits at each place. The fact that there will be not Fifth Day. 
 less than 40,000 or 50,000 exhibitors (there were 50,000 at the Paris Exposition) will 
 present a more just conception of what may be seen at the Exposition. The few arts 
 mentioned in this reply will be further classified into divisions and subdivisions, 
 as will he the hundreds of arts not enumerated herein. Tiie Directory could only 
 hope, in replying to the resolution of inquiry, to make it clear that under the plan 
 thay adopt no injustice can be done to any interest, and to challenge attention to the 
 fact that their action in that behalf is, and will be, under the supervision of Ihe 
 National Board. It would seem to be obvious that any departure from a broad 
 policy, which shall do equal justice to all industries and intere-ts, would entail 
 disaster upon the Exposition, and reflect discredit alike upon the Directory and the 
 National Commission, and place the State of Illinois in a humiliating attitude before 
 the world. Can higher or safer guarantees than these be given for the faithful dis- 
 charge of the duties devolving upon all who are charged with the task of making 
 the Exposition a success? We think not. 
 
 Respectfully submitted, 
 
 Lyman J. Gage, 
 
 President. 
 Thomas B. Bryan, 
 Benj. Butterworth, Vice-President. 
 
 Secretary. 
 
 The President said that unless there were objections he would order Referred to 
 
 a Select 
 
 the communication referred to a select committee, consisting of three lee^°^'^' 
 members of the Committee on Titles and Local Facilities, three mem- 
 bers of the Judiciary Committee, and three members of the Committee 
 on Classification, and it was so ordered. 
 
 In accordance with the resolution of ]\lr. Widener, of Pennsylvania, Election of 
 
 Directoi- 
 
 making the election of the Director-General the special order after the ^*^'i""^i- 
 morning hour, that subject was called up. 
 
 Mr. Waller, of Connecticut, moved that the first ballot for Director- 
 General shall be an informal ballot, and after considerable discussion 
 withdrew his motion; but the motion was renewed by Mr. White, of New 
 Mexico, and after further debate was adopted. 
 
 Mr. Sewell, of New Jersey, nominated General D. H. Hastings, of ^'°/JJ,\°*- 
 Pennsylvania, for Director-General, and Mr. McKenzie, of Kentucky, nom- 
 inated Colonel George R. Davis, of Chicago. The two nominations were 
 seconded by numerous Commissioners. 
 
 The President appointed Mr. Bullock, of Massachusetts, and Mr. 
 Cochran, of Texas, as tellers to receive the votes, and directed that the 
 
120 World^s Columbian Commission. 
 
 Second ses- roll of the Commission be called, which was done. The Commissioners 
 
 eion— 
 
 Fifth Day. (jgposited their ballots, and the tellers reported the following result: 
 Total number of votes cast, 92, of which 
 Result of George R. Davis received . . . . . ro 
 
 informal 
 
 ballot. j)_ ^ Hastings '' 32 
 
 J. A. McKenzie " . . . • . . 6 
 
 A. E. Stevenson " ----- 3 
 
 . R. R. Price " ..... i 
 
 Total, 92 
 
 Mr. McClelland, of Pennsylvania, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved, That, as the informal ballot showed a majority for Colonel 
 George R.- Davis, the next ballot be regarded as formal and conclusive, 
 and that the election be made unanimous by the President casting the 
 ballot of the Commission in favor of Colonel Davis. 
 
 The resolution was unanimously carried. 
 The choice President Palmer then cast the vote of the Commission and announced 
 
 made 
 
 nunis. that Colonel George R. Davis was unaninlously elected to the office of 
 Director-General of the World's Columbian Exposition. 
 
 Committee ]vir. Hirst, of Florida, moved that a committee of six be appointed by 
 
 to notify ' ' r r J 
 
 tor-Gene^' the President to notify Colonel Davis of his election as Director-General, 
 
 ral. 
 
 and to bring him before the Commission. The motion was carried, and 
 President Palmer appointed Messrs. Hirst, of Florida; McClelland, of 
 Pennsylvania; Groner, of Virginia; St. Clair, of West Virginia; Sewell, 
 of New Jersey, and McKenzie, of Kentucky, as members of that Com- 
 mittee. 
 
 Mr. Waller, of Connecticut, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved, That this Commission shall adjourn sine die on Saturday, 
 September 20th. 
 
 After some debate, the resolution was put to a vote and lost. 
 
 Col. Davis The Committee appointed to wait on Colonel Davis and notify him 
 
 accepts 
 
 ofDlK-c^ of his election as Director-General appeared at the bar of the Commission. 
 
 erai. The Chairman, Mr. Hirst, escorted Colonel Davis, and presented him to 
 the President of the Commission. The Director-General was invited to 
 a seat beside the President, and after being introduced to the Commis- 
 sion, made the following remarks: 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 121 
 
 Mr. President and Gentlemen of the National Commission : Dirertor- 
 
 Genprals 
 
 Your Committee has just notified me of the distinguished honor that you address. 
 have conferred upon me this morning. The selection made from Illinois 
 and Chicago is complimentary to the city and State, and for the Local 
 Board of Directors, for my city, my State, and myself I sincerely thank 
 you. The selection of the Director-General from untried men — men 
 who have not had great experience — was a task for you to perform in 
 which I most heartily sympathize with you. It is necessary in selecting 
 a man for this position that you take much for granted, for exhibitions 
 of an anniversary that comes only once in a hundred years leaves you but 
 few men to select from who have had great experience. [Laughter.] 
 
 In the discharge of the duties of this great office I will bring to it all 
 the physical and mental forces that I command. The conduct of the 
 office shall be of high grade, and it will be my duty to conform strictly and 
 in every detail to the wish of this distinguished body. Politics have been 
 referred to, and as I understand the position I desire to say one word in 
 regard to that, and that is that I recognize that the constituency that 
 elects me here to-day consists of one-half Republicans and one-half Dem- 
 ocrats. It will be the duty of an honorable man to so conduct his office 
 in his intercourse with all who come in connection with him — in the 
 appointments that he has to make — to recognize that fact, and from the 
 fact that it was a suggestion of my own, formulated by myself, and favored 
 by myself when it was put in the act of Congress, recognized as " the 
 spirit of the act of Congress," I will not, as your Director-General, in any 
 way fail to observe it in every particular. [Applause.] 
 
 The office will be conducted strictly upon business principles. I 
 recognize that you require in all such officers as may be placed under my 
 command the highest talent, the best ability, and the greatest capacity 
 that we can command; that this is a National Exposition and an Inter- 
 national Exposition and not a local Exposition; that we will draw our 
 forces from the country, draw our forces from wheresoever they may 
 come, provided they are equal to the emergency. 
 
 The administration of my office will be an example, so far as it is 
 possible for me to make it such, of the application of legal principles to 
 business methods with military discipline. 
 
 I thank you, gentlemen, for the compliment and am prepared to enter 
 upon the duty. [Long and continued applause.] 
 
 The President announced that he had received the following com- 
 munication, which the Clerk was ordered to read: 
 
 Chicago, September 19, 1890. 
 To the World's Columbian Commission: 
 
 Gentlemen: The Auditorium Association respectfully invites the 
 members of your honorable body and their families to attend the per- 
 formance to be presented this evening at the Auditorium. Tickets for 
 twenty-eight boxes, seating 140 people, are herein enclosed, and will be 
 
122 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Second ses- delivered to your Secretary. Hoping you may find it convenient to 
 FiftbDay acccpt thls invitation, I am, 
 
 Respectfully, 
 
 Ferd. W. Peck, 
 President Chicago Auditoiium Association. 
 
 Mr, Johnson, alternate from the District of Columbia, moved that 
 the invitation be accepted, with the thanks of the Commission, and it was 
 so voted. 
 
 Notice was given of the meeting of the Executive Committee in the 
 Council Chamber immediately upon* the adjournment of the Commission. 
 
 Notice was given of the meeting of the Committee on Foreign 
 Affairs in the Council Chamber immediately upon the adjournment of 
 the Commission. 
 
 Notice was given of the meeting of the Committee on Ceremonies 
 at the small parlor of the Auditorium Hotel at 4 p. m. 
 
 Notice was given of the meeting of the Committee on Agriculture 
 in the parlor of the Grand Pacific at 3 p. m. 
 
 Notice was given of the meeting of the Committee on Machinery 
 in room 502, Palmer House, at 4.30 p. m. 
 
 Notice was given of the meeting of the Judiciary Committee at the 
 Pullman Building at 4.30 p. m. 
 
 The Commission then adjourned. 
 
 Second Session — Sixth Day, Saturday, Sept. 20, 1890. 
 
 Second Ses- The Commission met at 10 o^clock a. m. President Palmer in the 
 
 sion — 
 
 Sixth Day. , • 
 
 chair. 
 
 Roll Call. 
 
 Kou-caii. Commissioners-at-Large. — California, M. L. McDonald; Kentucky, 
 
 W, Lindsay; Massachusetts, A. G. Bullock; Michigan, T. W. Palmer; 
 Missouri, R. C. Kerens; New York, G. W. Allen; Pennsylvania, P. A. B. 
 Widener; Texas, H. Exall. 
 
 Commissioners of States. — Alabama, F. G. Bromberg; Arkansas, 
 J. D. Adams, L. Gregg; Colorado, R. E. Goodell, F. J. V. Skiff; Connect- 
 icut, T. M. Waller; Delaware, G. V. Massey, W. H. Porter; Florida, J. 
 Hirst, R. Turnbull; Georgia, L. McLaws, C. H. Way; Idaho, G. A. Man- 
 ning; Illinois, C. H. Deere, A. T. Ewing; Indiana, T. E. Garvin, E. B. 
 Martindale; Iowa, W. I. Buchanan, J. Hayes, alternate; Kansas, C. K. 
 Holliday, Jr., R. R. Price; Kentucky, J. Bennett, J. A. McKenzie; Louisi- 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 123 
 
 ana, D. B. Penn, P. J. McMahon, alternate; Maine, A. R. Bixby, C. E. second ses- 
 Edwards, alternate; Maryland, L.Lowndes, G. M. Upshur, alternate; ^''''^^^^' 
 Massachusetts, F. W. Breed; Michigan, M. H. Lane, C. H. Richmond; 
 Minnesota, M. B. Harrison, O. V. Tousley; Mississippi, J. M. Bynum, 
 R. L. Saunders; Montana, L. H. Hershfield, A. H. Mitchell; Nebraska, 
 Euclid Martin, A. G. Scott; Nevada, J. W. Haines, G.Russell; New 
 Hampshire, F. E. Kaley, alternate; New Jersey, W. J. Sewell, T. Smith; 
 New York, J. B. Thacher, J. H. Breslin, alternate; North Carolina, T. B. 
 Keogh, E. Carr, alternate; North Dakota, H. P. Rucker, M. Ryan; Ohio, 
 W. Ritchie, L. C. Cron, alternate; Oregon, M. Wilkins, J. L. Morrow, alter- 
 nate; Pennsylvania, W. McClelland, J. W. Woodside; Rhode Island, L. 
 B. Goff, G. C. Sims; South Carolina, J. R. Cochran, E. L. Roche, alter- 
 nate; South Dakota, M. H. Day, L. S. Bullard, alternate; Tennessee, 
 R. Strong, A. B. Hurt, alternates; Texas, A. M. Cochran, J. T. Dickin- 
 son/ Vermont, H. H. Mclntyre; Virginia, V. D. Groner, J. T. Harris; 
 Washington, W. Bingham, C. B. Bagley, alternates; West Virginia, J. D. 
 Butt, J. W. St. Clair; Wisconsin, P. Allen, Jr., J. L. Mitchell; Wyoming, 
 H. G. Hay, A. S. Mercer, alternate; Arizona, G. F. Coats; New Mexico, 
 T. C. Gutierres, R. U. White; Oklahoma, O. Beeson, J. D. Miles; Utah, 
 P. H. Lannan, W. M. Ferry, alternate; District of Columbia, A. A. Wilson, 
 E. K Johnson, alternate. 
 
 Mr. Bullock, of Massachusetts, moved that the minutes be approved 
 nd the reading dispensed with, and it was so voted. 
 
 The President ordered that hereafter a copy of the minutes should 
 be delivered to each member of the Commission at or before 7 o'clock, 
 in order that they may be read before the assembling of the Commission. 
 
 The President announced the names of the Lady Managers an. 
 alternates, so far as they had, up to this time, been determined upon. 
 
 The President announced, and had read by the Clerk, the following 
 communication from the World's Columbian Exposition of Chicago, 
 which was ordered filed: 
 
 Secretary's Office of the World's Columbian Exposition. 
 
 Chicago, September 19, 1890. 
 Hon. John T. Dickinson, Secretary World's Columbian Commission, 
 Chicago: 
 
 Dear Sir: Will you kindly convey to your Commission, at its nex: Chicago dl 
 
 . . -ri-niir I'CCtors' 
 
 meetinof, the followmcr resolution adopted at a meetmg or the Board ot vote of 
 
 **' * '■ ^ thanks. 
 
 Directors of the World's Columbian Exposition, held this afternoon: 
 Resolved^ That the thanks of this Board are hereby tendered to the 
 
124 World? s Columbian Qommission. 
 
 Second Sea- World's Columbian Commission for the election to the highest office in 
 
 slon— 
 
 Sixth Day. j^g gj£^ q£ ^ member of this body. 
 
 Respectfully yours, 
 
 J. H. Ktngwill, 
 
 Assistant Secretary. 
 
 The Secretary made the following announcement: 
 If the Commissioners to-day will hand to me, as soon as convenient, 
 an itemized statement of the expenses they are entitled to up to date, I 
 will have these memoranda copied on blank vouchers prepared for that 
 purpose. The Commissioners can then take these vouchers home with 
 them, fill out the balance of the items, have them notarially acknowledged, 
 and return them to me to be sent to Washington for payment. 
 
 The Secretary read the following communication from Potter Palmer, 
 Esq., of Chicago: 
 
 The members of the Commission are invited by Mr. Potter Palmer 
 to dine with the Directors of the World's Columbian Exposition at the 
 Palmer House, at 7.30 o'clock this evening. Invitations have been sent 
 to the guests, but lest any of them may not have reached those to whom 
 they are addressed, this invitation is extended to them. 
 
 It was voted that the invitation of Mr. Palmer be accepted, with 
 the thanks of -the Commission. 
 
 Mr. Groner, as Chairman of the Committee on Titles and Local 
 Facilities, presented the following repor:, and moved its adoption: 
 
 REPORT of the Committee on Titles and Local Facilities. 
 
 Chicago, September 20, 1890. 
 Report of Your Committee on Titles and Local Facilities, appointed by a reso- 
 
 the Com- c t i o 
 
 Tuffan'dl^^^o^ of the Commissiou adopted on the second day of July, 1890, to 
 ciuuis^'^ report on all questions relating to the title of the site accepted by the 
 Commission, and facilities of transportation, etc., would state that they 
 have given the matters involved in the questions assigned to them careful 
 and continuous attention since the loth instant, being the day it was 
 called to convene in Chicago, and beg leave to report as follows: • 
 
 That so far as the title to Jackson Park and the Midway Plaisance 
 (embracing G^^t^ acres) is concerned, they believe it is vested in the 
 World's Columbian Exposition, by the Act of the General Assembly of 
 the State of Illinois passed at its recent session, and by ordinance of the 
 South Park Commissioners, and is such a title as confers the right to use 
 these parks as a site for the World's Columbian Exposition during the 
 period required. 
 
 And, further, that while this Committee has not, in a full sense, 
 such evidence of title on the part of the Chicago Directory in and to the 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 12.") 
 
 Lake Front part of the site, so called, as justifies an absolute approval second ses- 
 of title, that, nevertheless, the Committee is so far assured that posses- ^^^^^^ ^^y- 
 sion for"the purposes of the World's Columbian Exposition will be ample 
 and undisturbed during the period required for holding such Exposition, 
 that it becomes both the privilege and the duty of this Committee to so 
 report to the Commission. 
 
 We return herewith a plat of Jackson Park and Midway Plaisance, 
 showing the number of acres contained therein, with a description of the 
 improved and unimproved ground tendered by the World's Columbian 
 Exposition of Chicago to your Commission, and marked " Exhibit A." 
 
 Also an authenticated copy of the recent statute of the State of Illi- 
 nois authorizing the South Park Commissioners to give the World's 
 Columbian Exposition the right to use and occupy said lands, and marked 
 "Exhibit B." 
 
 Also a duly certified copy of the ordinance passed by the said Park 
 Commissioners allowing the use of Jackson Park and Midway Plaisance 
 for the purposes of the World's Columbian Exposition, and marked "Ex- 
 hibit C." 
 
 Also a certified copy of the acceptance of said ordinance by the 
 World's Columbian Exposition, and marked " Exhibit C C." 
 
 Also a plat of the part of the site known as the Lake Front Park, 
 right of way of the Illinois Central Railroad, and the harbor between 
 Monroe Street on the north and Park Row on the south, furnished your 
 Committee by the World's Columbian Exposition, showing 31.9 acres of 
 made ground, and from fifty to sixty acres in the harbor east of the 
 right of way of the Illinois Central Railroad, purposed to be filled and 
 utilized, marked " Exhibit D." 
 
 Also a certified copy of a recent ordinance of the City of Chicago 
 giving the right to the World's Columbian Exposition to use said Lake 
 Park and Water Front for the purposes of the Exposition, under authority 
 of the Act of the State Legislature, as shown in "Exhibit B," and marked 
 "Exhibit E/' 
 
 Also a copy of the decision rendered by Justice Harlan in the Circuit 
 Court of the United States, in the case of the people of the State of 
 Illinois, the City of Chicago, and the United States versus the Illinois 
 Central Railroad Company, determining the ownership of the City of 
 Chicago to the Lake Park, and marked "Exhibit F." 
 
 In this relation your Committee further refers to the copy of the 
 State law, marked " Exhibit B," providing legal proceedings to determine 
 the damages, if any, to the abutting property-owners on Lake Park. 
 
 Transportation Facilities. 
 
 In regard to the transportation facilities between Lake Park and 
 vicinity and Jackson Park, your Committee herewith return an estimate 
 of the capacity of the Chicago City Railway, the Rapid Transit Elevated 
 Railroad, the Illinois Central Railroad, and the steamer hues at 130,000 
 
126 Workrs Columbian Commission. 
 
 second ses- per hour each way, at the estimated fare of five cents each way, excepting 
 Sixth Day. ^j-jg steaiHcrs, upon which no estimate of cost was obtained. The Illinois 
 Central Railroad makes the reservation in regard to a five-cent fare con- 
 ditional in the event '' that this reduced rate can be lawfully made with- 
 out disturbing the regular rates established for ordinary suburban serv- 
 ice." Its President, however, expresses himself as favoring a five-cent 
 rate, as may be noted by exhibits returned ^d marked " G," " H," and 
 " I," respectively. 
 
 There are other railroads and a number of streets and avenues lead- 
 ing from the vicinity of Lake Park to Jackson Park, by which large num- 
 bers could also be conveyed, and your Committee consider the transpor- 
 tation facilities ample. 
 
 Your Committee also returns herewith, marked "Exhibit J," a reply 
 from Lyman J. Gage, President of the World's Columbian Exposition, to 
 the resolution recently passeei by your Commission and a letter accom- 
 panying the same from the Chairman of your ComnixLtee in relation to 
 the area of ground east of the tracks of the Illinois Central Railroad, pur- 
 posed to be used as part of the site, and also as to whether it is the inten- 
 tion of the Directory to encroach upon the ten million dollar fund for the 
 purpose of filling Jackson Park, and filling and piling the Lake Front. This 
 reply states that the area purposed to be used east of the railroad tracks 
 will be between fifty and sixty acres; that It is not contemplated to go 
 beyond the present harbor line, and, further, that it is the intention of the 
 Board to use the ten million dollars pledged for the erection of the Ex- 
 position proper. 
 
 Your Committee further returns herewith letters marked Exhibits 
 
 numbered from one to eight, inclusive, being correspondence between your 
 
 Committee and the officials of the Chicago -Directory, in relation to the 
 
 questions under investigation. 
 
 All of which is respectfully submitted. 
 
 V. D. Groner, Chairman, 
 
 Thos. E. Garvin, 
 
 Wm. M. Ferry, 
 
 x\dlai T. Ewing, 
 
 A. B. Hurt, 
 
 F. J. V. Skiff, 
 
 Jas. D. Butt, 
 
 Martin Ryan. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Allen, Commissioner-at-Large, a recess of ten 
 minutes was taken to enable the Commissioners to inspect the plans and 
 drawings of the buildings which the Chicago Directory propose to locate 
 upon the Lake Front. 
 
 Mr. Lindsay, of Kentucky, as Chairman of the select Committee of 
 nine appointed on Friday to consider the communication of the Chicago 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 127 
 
 World's Columbian Exposition Directory, and the accompanying docu- second^see- 
 ments, reported that the answer of the Directory had been received and ^^-"^^ay- 
 duly considered by the Committee, and that their responses to every 
 inquiry made by the Committee were satisfactory. 
 
 Mr. Martindale, of Indiana, moved that the report of the Committee p^^^^'^^^^^j 
 on Titles and Local Facilities be received and adopted, and the report 
 itself made a part of the printed record, and the exhibits which it covers 
 simply filed for future reference, and it was so voted. 
 
 Mr. Sewell, of New Jersey, offered the following resolution; 
 
 Resolved, That, permission having been granted to Colonel H. C. Cor- Accepting 
 
 ' ' ^ o <^ ^.jjy serv- 
 
 bin by the War Department to accept such service as might be assigned i^\«^f <.. 
 
 by this Commission, in accordance with a resolution requesting the same, g";'s'/i'. 
 
 the President is directed to utilize the services of Colonel Corbin by 
 
 assigning him, when opportunity offers, to such duty as may be suited to 
 
 his experience and ability. 
 
 The resolution was adopted. 
 
 Mr. St. Clair, of West Virginia, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Whereas, When this Commission was first convened with its repre- officers of 
 
 tlic Stfttcs* 
 
 sentatives from every State in the Union, we found here fully organized ^^^?,o«^«- 
 
 ^ \j Oil IIIVIL" 
 
 and working in the interest of the great Exposition for which we came edj^^ 
 to legislate, " The States' Association," composed of our former neigh- 
 bors and friends, but now citizens of Chicago, who gave us a most hearty 
 welcome, and the pleasure of a magnificent banquet. Therefore, as an 
 expression of our appreciation of this courtesy, be it 
 
 i?^^^/z;^^, That the officers of the "States' Association" are wel- 
 come to seats on the floor of this Commission during this and future 
 meetings. 
 
 Mr. Massey, of Delaware, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved, That the several standing committees of the Commission standing 
 
 1 1 1-31 Comniit- 
 
 be, and each thereof respectively is, hereby expressly authorized and ;^ee;^^pow- 
 empowered to sit at such time or times, when the Commission is not in tiuties. 
 session, as they may severally determine to be necessary and advisable 
 for the proper performance of their respective duties. 
 
 Resolved, further: All such expenditures of moneys as may be Expendi- 
 
 ...... . - , tures by. 
 
 ordered by each of said Committees m the legitimate prosecution ot the 
 duties and functions of each, are hereby expressly authorized, and shall 
 be paid out of any appropriation which has been or which may hereafter 
 be made by Congress in aid or on account of the World's Columbian 
 Commission, or the Exposition with reference to which it was created. 
 Provided^ however, that no payment shall be made in any case without 
 the sanction and approval of the Executive Committee. 
 
 Mr. Sewell suggested that Mr. Massey's resolution be referred to the Referred. 
 
128 World's Columhian Commission. 
 
 second ses Committee on Judiciary. Mr. Massey accepted the suggestion, an' I it 
 
 slon - 
 
 Sixth Day. -^gg SO ordered. 
 
 iMr. Hay, of Wyoming, offered the following resolution, which was 
 
 adopted : 
 
 Resolved^ That the Secretary of this Commission be instructed to 
 have printed, in suitable form, the several resolutions passed by the Com- 
 mission in reference to the appointment of a Board of Lady Managers, 
 their powers, privileges, duties, etc., together with a list of said Board of 
 Lady Managers, for distribution among said Board. 
 
 Mr. Garvin, of Indiana, offered the following resolution, which was 
 adopted: 
 
 Resolved, That the thanks of this Commission be returned to the 
 Chicago Decorating Company for their gratuitous decoration of the hall 
 recently occupied by the Commission, and for the correct taste and skill 
 exhibited in such decoration. 
 
 Mr. Lindsay, Commissioner-at-Large from Kentucky, offered the fol- 
 lowing resolution, which was adopted: 
 
 Resolved, That the Secretary of this Commission be, and he is hereby 
 instructed to furnish to the Secretary of the Treasury certified copies of 
 the By-Laws numbers eleven (ii) and fifteen {15), with request that he 
 approve the said By-Laws, and each of them. 
 
 On behalf of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, Mr. Massey, of Dela- 
 ware, offered the following resolution, which was, by his consent, laid 
 upon the table: 
 
 Resolved, That the Committee on Foreign Affairs be increased so as 
 to consist of ten Commissioners, 
 considcia- Mr. Mcrccr, alternate from Wyoming, called up his resolution of 
 
 tlon of the ' ./ o? i 
 
 tiiuea."' Thursday as part of the unfinished business of the Commission, and pro- 
 ceeded to address the Commission. At the conclusion of his remarks 
 Mr. Martindale, of Indiana, offered the following resolution as a sub- 
 stitute for the resolution of Mr. Mercer: 
 
 Resolved, That in the opinion of this Commission one single site for 
 the World's Columbian Exposition is especially desirable; it is also espe- 
 cially desirable that a part of such site should border upon the lake; that 
 in the opinion of this Commission the Directors of the World's Colum- 
 bian Exposition may procure and present to this Commission the most 
 desirable site by adopting Washington Park, the Midway Plaisance, and 
 that part of Jackson Park lying south of the north line of the Midway 
 Plaisance, extended through to the lake, tc^gether with the Washington 
 Park Club for live stock and speed exhibits; that, while we do not at this 
 time reconsider our action accepting Jackson Park and the Lake Front, 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 129 
 
 we respectfully but earnestly request the Directors of the World's Colum- second^^_ 
 bian Exposition to procure and present to this Commission the single s'-^thDay. 
 site above outlined; that the special Committee yesterday appointed, to 
 whom was referred the communication in reference to site from the Direct- 
 ors, is hereby authorized and directed to confer with said Directors, and 
 report to this Commission whether such single site above indicated can 
 be procured and presented to this Commission for its acceptance. 
 
 Mr. Way, of Georgia, offered the following substitute to the substitute: 
 
 Whereas, The Illinois Directory of the World's Columbian Expo- 
 sition has been unable to select and present to the National Commission 
 an acceptable site for the Fair; and, 
 
 Whereas, It is feared by many members of the National Commis- 
 sion that it is practically impossible for the Local Board to agree upon a 
 suitable site, owing to circumstances beyond their control; now, be it 
 
 Resolved^ That the Illinois Directory be requested to submit to a 
 committee of fifteen members of the National Commission, appointed by 
 its President, any and all such sites as may have been tendered them, 
 and any and all such sites as may be obtained by them, with all papers 
 and documents referring to said sites, to the end that this National Com- 
 mission may aid them in the solution of this problem so long delayed, and 
 so injurious to the interests of the great undertaking. 
 
 After protracted debate, Mr. Way withdrew his substitute temporarily. 
 
 Mr. Exall, of Texas, offered the following resolution, which was 
 seconded by Mr. Way: 
 
 Resolved^ That this Commission does hereby ratify and confirm its 
 action taken in July last in accepting the site then offered by the Local 
 Board, and does further accept the addition thereto of the strip of land 
 known as the Midway Plaisance, and does hereby confirm the location 
 thus provided for the World's Fair, or Columbian Exposition. 
 
 After further discussion, Mr. Exall offered the following proviso as 
 an amendment to his resolution, and then temporarily withdrew the reso- 
 lution as amended: 
 
 Provided, That the Executive Committee, in conference with the 
 Local Board, may accept in addition thereto such portions of Washington 
 Park as they may be enabled to tender them; and this Commission hereby 
 declares that it desires that said Washington Park be added to the tender 
 already made, if practicable, to the end that the main Exhibition may be 
 held in Jackson and Washington Parks. 
 
 Mr. Groner, of Virginia, announced that he would renew the motion 
 for the adoption of the resolution of Mr. Exall as amended. 
 
13U World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Second ses- Mr. Merccr accepted the resolution of Mr. Martindale as an amend- 
 
 Sixth ay. j^gj^j. ^Q j^jg Q^^.j^ resolution. 
 
 Mr. Johnson, of the District of Columbia, moved, as an amendment 
 to the resolution of Mr. Martindale, that the select Committee be re- 
 quested to report not later than 12 o'clock on Monday, which was 
 adopted. 
 
 At this pomt, by unanimous request of the Commission, Mr. Thomas 
 
 B. Bryan, Vice-President of the World's Columbian Exposition, was in- 
 vited to address the Commission. Upon the conclusion of Mr. Bryan's 
 address, the question was put on the resolution of Mr. Martindale, Mr 
 Day, of South Dakota, demanding the ayes and noes, the call for which 
 was duly seconded. The roll was called, with the following result: 
 
 ^madT"'^^ Ayes.— Commissioners Mark L. McDonald, W. Lindsay, T. W. 
 
 W^l""" Palmer, G. W. Allen, F. G. Bromberg, J. D. Adams, L. Gregg, R. E. 
 Goodell, F. J. V. Skiff, G. V. Massey, W. H. Porter, J. Hirst, R. Turn- 
 bull, L. McLaws, C. H. Deere, T. E. Garvin, E. B. Martindale, W. I. Bu- 
 chanan, J. Hayes, alternate, C. K. Holliday, Jr., R. R. Price, D. B. Penn, 
 P. J. McMahon, alternate, A. R. Bixby, C. S. Edwards, alternate, F. W. 
 Breed, M. H. Lane, C. H. Richmond, M. B. Harrison, J. A[. Bynum, R. L. 
 . Saunders, L. H. Hershfield, A. H. Mitchell, E. Martin, A. G. Scott, J. W. 
 Haines, G. Russell, F. E. Kaley, alternate, T. Smith, J. B. Thacher, J. H. 
 Breslin, alternate, T. B. Keogh, H. P. Rucker, M. Ryan, W. Ritchie, L. 
 
 C. Cron, alternate, M. Wilkins, J. L. Morrow, alternate, W. McClelland, 
 J. W. Woodside, L. B. Goff, G. C. Sims, J. R. Cochran, E. L. Roche, 
 alternate, M. H. Day, L. S. Bullard, alternate, R. Strong, A. B. Hurt, 
 alternates, J. T. Dickinson, H. H. Mclntyre, V. D. Groner, J. T. Harris, 
 W. Bingham, C. B. Bagley, alternates, J. D. Butt, J. W. St. Clair, P. Allen, 
 Jr., J. L. Mitchell, H. G. Hay, A. S. Mercer, alternate, G. F. Coats, T. C. 
 Gutierres, R. ]\L White, O. Beeson, J. D. Miles, W. M. Ferry, alternate, 
 A. A. Wilson, E. K. Johnson, alternate — 78. 
 
 Noes.— A. G. Bullock, H. Exall, T. M. Waller, G. A. Manning, A. T. 
 Ewing, J. Bennett, G. M. Upshur, alternate, A. M. Cochran — 8. 
 
 So the resolution of Mr. Martindale was adopted. 
 
 Mr. Cochran, of Texas, moved to add to the select Committee of 
 nine, appointed on Friday, Mr. Martindale, of Indiana, and it was so voted. 
 
 Mr. St. Clair, of West Virginia, moved to add to the select Com- 
 mittee of nine the Chairman of the Committee on Machinery, Mr. Ritchie, 
 of Ohio, and it was so voted. 
 
Minutes of t7i.e Second Session. 1-^1 
 
 Mr. Ryan, of North Dakota, moved to add to the select Committee second ses- 
 of nine the Chairmen of the Committee on Agriculture and the Com- ^^^"' ^^^■• 
 mittee on Live Stock, Messrs. Buchanan, of Iowa, and Mitchell, of Wis- 
 consin, respectively, and it was so voted. 
 
 Mr. St Clair, of West Virginia, moved to add to the select Committee 
 of nine Mr. Exall, Commissioner-at-Large from Texas, and it was so voted. 
 
 The Commission then adjourned until lo o'clock Monday morning. 
 
 Second Session— Seventh Day, Monday, Sept. 22, 1890. 
 
 The Commission met at 11.05 a. m. President Palmer in the chair. se^lseB 
 
 Seventh 
 
 Roll Call. 
 
 Commissioners- at-Large.— California, M. L. McDonald; Kentucky, Kou-caii. 
 W. Lindsay; Michigan, T. W. Palmer; New York, G. W. Allen; Texas, 
 H. Exall. 
 
 Commissioners of States.— Alabama, F. G. Bromberg; Arkansas, 
 L. Gregg; Colorado, R. E. Goodell, F. J. V. Skiff; Delaware, G. V. Mas- 
 sey, W. H. Porter; Florida, J. Hirst, R. Turnbull; Georgia, L. McLaws, 
 C. H. Way; Idaho, G. A. Manning; Illinois, C. H. Deere, A. T. Ewing; 
 Indiana, T. E. Garvin, E. B. Martindale; Iowa, W. I. Buchanan, J. Hayes, 
 alternate; Kansas, C. K. Holhday, Jr., R. R. Price; Kentucky, J. A. Mc- 
 Kenzie; Louisiana, D. B. Penn, P. J. McMahon, alternate; Maine, A. 
 R. Bixby, C. S. Edwards, ahernate; Massachusetts, F. W. Breed; Michi- 
 gan, M. H. Lane, C. H. Richmond; Minnesota, M. B. Harrison, O. V. 
 Tousley; Mississippi, J. M. Bynum, R. L. Saunders; Montana, L. H. 
 Hershfield, A. H. Mitchell; Nebraska, Euclid Martin, A. G. Scott; Nevada, 
 J. W. Haines, G. Russell; New Jersey, T. Smith; New York, J. B. Thacher; 
 North Carolina, T. B. Keogh, E. Carr, alternate; North Dakota, PI. P. 
 Rucker, M. Ryan; Ohio, W. Ritchie, L. C. Cron, alternate; Oregon, M. 
 Wilkins, J. L. Morrow, alternate; Pennsylvania, W. McClelland, J. W. 
 Woodside; Rhode Island, L. B. Goff, G. C. Sims; South Carolina, J. R. 
 Cochran, E. L. Roche, alternate; South Dakota, M. H. Day, L. S. Bul- 
 lard, alternate; Tennessee, R. Strong, A. B. Hurt, alternates; Texas, 
 A. M. Cochran, J. T. Dickinson; Vermont, H. H. Mclntyre; Virginia, 
 V. D. Groner, J. T. Harris; W^ashington, W. Bingham, C. B. Bagley, 
 alternates; West Virginia, J. D. Butt, J. W. St. Clair; Wisconsin, P. Allen, 
 Jr., J. L. Mitchell; W^yoming, H. G. Hay, A. S. Mercer, alternate; 
 Arizona, G. F, Coats; New Mexico, T. C. Gutierres, R. M. White; Okla- 
 
132 World) s Columbian Commission. 
 
 Second ses- homa, O. Becson, J. D. Miles; Utah, P. H. Lannan, W. M. Ferry, alter- 
 se^venth j-^^^g. district of Columbia, E. K. Johnson, alternate. 
 
 The President announced that the minutes would be adopted and 
 held open for revision and correction for forty-eight hours after being 
 presented to the Commission, but after that time corrections can only 
 be made by unanimous consent. 
 
 Mr. Haines, of Nevada, offered the following resolution: 
 ^'f^^l^Jljtion Whereas, The messenger from the beyond has sent for and taken 
 
 lufvernor ^o the Other shore our distinguished friend and fellow-citizen, C. C. Ste- 
 of Nevada, venson, Govcmor 01 JNevada; and. 
 
 Whereas, He has always been a worker in the ranks of the pro- 
 gressive men of this Nation, especially promoting the interests of the great 
 Centennial Exhibition at Philadelphia, in 1876, therefore, 
 
 Resolved, That the Columbian Commission hereby expresses its pro- 
 found regret at the loss of our co-laborer, and extends the fullest sympathy 
 to the bereaved; and that the Secretary be instructed to send a copy of 
 this to the wife of deceased, who is one of the Lady Managers of this 
 Commission. 
 
 The resolution was seconded by Commissioner-at-Large McDonald, 
 of California; Mr. Scott, of Nebraska, and Mr. Woodside, of Pennsyl- 
 vania, and was adopted by a rising vote. 
 
 Mr. Bromberg offered a communication, proposing the exhibition 
 of a " Pine Palace," which was ordered printed and referred to the 
 Committee on Forestry and Lumber. 
 
 Mr. Massey, of Delaware, offered a communication from the Com- 
 mittee on Judiciary, and moved that it lie on the table for further con- 
 sideration, and after some discussion withdrew his resolution of Saturday 
 relative to the addition of members to the Committee on Foreign Affairs. 
 Commissioner-at-Large McDonald offered the following resolution: 
 Resolved^ That when this Commission adjourns to-day the members 
 thereof shall visit and inspect the site or sites upon which the World's 
 Columbian Exposition is to be held. 
 
 Resolved, further^ That the Officers and Directors of the Columbian 
 Exposition Association, of Chicago, be invited to accompany the Com- 
 missioners in this inspection; and, be it further 
 
 Resolved, That theSecretary be instructed to engage a sufficient num- 
 ber of carriages for this purpose and have them at the Palmer House 
 within one hour after adjournment to-day. 
 
 Mr. Ryan, of North Dakota, moved to amend by requesting the Chi- 
 cago Directory to take with them their Consulting Engineer. At the 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 133 
 
 suggestion of Mr. Groner, of Virginia, the resolution and amendment second ses- 
 
 slon— 
 
 were laid on ine table temporarily, with the consent of the mover. seventh 
 
 Mr. White, of New Mexico, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved, That the members of the Committee on Legislation be, and 
 hereby are, empowered and directed to sit during the sessions of their 
 respective Legislatures in their respective States and Territories. 
 
 Mr. Lindsay, of Kentucky, moved that the resolution be referred to 
 the Executive Committee. Mr. Price, of Kansas, moved, and it was 
 voted, to lay the resolution on the table. 
 
 Mr. Sims, of Rhode Island,' Chairman of the Committee on Elec- 
 tricity, offered the following resolution, which was referred to th'e Com- 
 mittee on By-Laws: 
 
 Resolved, That the title of this Committee be so changed as to read. 
 Committee on Electricity, Electrical and Pneumatical Appliances. 
 
 Mr. Woodside, of Pennsylvania, offered the following resolution: 
 Resolved, That it is the sense of this Commission, that during the 
 recess of this Commission, or until the Commission meets again by the 
 call of the President, no member of this Commission shall be elected or 
 appointed to any salaried position, under this Commission or any of its 
 Committees; nor shall any payment be made to any Commissioner from 
 the appropriation for the expenses of this Commission, except the sala- 
 ries now authorized by Section Fifteen of the By-Laws, and the per diem 
 and traveling expenses provided by the Act of Congress constituting this 
 Commission. 
 
 Mr. Lindsay, of Kentucky, offered the following amendment, with 
 an extract from the report of the minutes of the last meeting of the 
 Executive Committee: 
 
 Provided, That it is further resolved that the action of the Execu- 
 tive Committee in the selection of James A. McKenzie as its Vice- 
 Chairman, and in fixing his salary at $8,000 per annum, be, and the samr 
 is, hereby ratified and confirmed, and the said office of Vice-Chairman 
 of the Executive Committee is created, with the salary as above set out. 
 
 Extract from the minutes of the meeting of the Executive Com- 
 mittee, September 20, 1890: 
 
 "Mr. Widener, of Pennsylvania, moved that Mr. McKenzie, of Ken- 
 tucky, be elected 10 the office of Vice-Chairman of the Execuiive Commit- 
 tee. Several members seconded the motion, and it was unanimously 
 adopted. 
 
 "Mr. Johnson, of the District of Columbia, moved that the salary 
 of the Vice-Cliairman be fixed at $6,000 per annum. Mr. Hams, of 
 Virginia, moved as an amendment that the salary be fixed at $8.oco'per 
 annum. 
 
 "The amendment was accepted, and the motion as amended was 
 unanimously adopted." 
 
 * ^^ * * * H: * * * * -k 
 
134 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 second ses- 1 Certify that the above is a correct copy of an extract from the 
 
 l^^l^th minutes of the Executive Committee of the National Commission, at a 
 
 meeting September 20, 1890. 
 
 John T. Dickinson, 
 
 Secretary. 
 
 After protracted debate; Mr. Massey, of Delaware, made the point 
 of order that the resolution and amendment were in conflict with Article 
 Sixteen of the By-Laws. The point of order was sustained by the 
 President. 
 
 Mr. Thacher, of New York, moved to refer Mr. Woodside's resolu- 
 tion, with Judge Lindsay's amendment, to the Co«imirtee on Judiciary, 
 directing them to report immediately, which was carried. 
 
 Mr. Groner, of Virginia, introduced the following resolution, which 
 was referred to the Committee on Judiciary: 
 
 Resolved, That the Committee on Tariffs and Transportation be 
 authorized to sit at such time and place, when the Commission i^ not in 
 session, as it may deem best for the interest of the Exposition, and that it 
 be authorized to employ such clerical force as may be needed in the trans- 
 action of its business. 
 
 Mr McClelland, of Pennsylvania, offered the following resolution, 
 which was referred to the Committee on Judiciary: 
 
 Resolved, That the Commissioners-at-Large and their alternates be 
 added to the Committee on Legislation. 
 
 Mr. Deere, of Illinois, offered the following resolution, which was 
 referred to the Committee on Judiciary: 
 
 Resolved, That the Committee on Classification be authorized to sit 
 at such time and place, when the Commission is not in session, as it may 
 deem best for the interest of the Exposition, and that it be authorized 
 to employ such clerical force as may be needed in the transaction of its 
 business 
 
 Mr. White, of New Mexico, offered the following resolution, which 
 was referred to the Committee on Judiciary: 
 
 Resolved, That a Committee on Buildings and Grounds be appointed, 
 consisting of eight Commissioners. 
 
 The President made the statement that after the conference with the 
 Chicago Directory it had been announced that they would shortly be able 
 to report their conclusions regarding the use of Washington Park, and it 
 was voted to take a recess until 2.30 p. m., to await the report of that Com- 
 mittee. 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 13o 
 
 The Commission was aorain called to order at 2.^0 p. m., when the fol- consiciera- 
 
 ^ ^ ' tlou of the 
 
 lowing communication from the World's Columbian Exposition was read timied!"' 
 by the Secretary: 
 
 Secretary's Office of the World's Columbian Exposition. 
 
 Chicago, September 22, 1890. 
 Hon. John T. Dickinson, Secretary World's Columbian Commission, 
 Chicago: 
 
 Dear Sir: I have the honor to transmit herewith certified copy of 
 resolutions passed at a meeting of our Board of Directors just adjourned, 
 together with copy of resolutions adopted this day by the Board of South 
 Park Commissioners, bearing on the same subject. 
 
 Respectfully yours, 
 
 Benj. Butterworth, 
 
 Sec7'eta7y. 
 
 State of Illinois, County of Cook, ) 
 South Park Commissioners, f 
 
 I, H. W. Harmon, Secretary of the Commissioners aforesaid, and 
 custodian of its records and files, do certify that at a meeting of the said 
 Commissioners, on the 2 2d day of September, A. D. 1890, at which all 
 the Commissioners were present, the following, among other proceedings, 
 were had, viz.: 
 
 The South Park Commissioners have received from an authorized 
 committee of the Columbian Exposition Directors the information that 
 the National Commission has expressed, by a substantially unanimous 
 vote, their desire that these Directors shall " procure and present to this 
 body (the National Commission) the most desirable site by adopting Wash- 
 ington Park, the Midway Plaisance, and that part of Jackson Park lying 
 south of the north line of the Midway Plaisance extended through to 
 the lake." This information is communicated by the Committee of the 
 Local Directory, with a request that the Park Commissioners enable them 
 to meet the suggestion of the National Commission. 
 
 A request thus made, and communication, is tantamount, in the opinion 
 of the Park Commissioners, to a notice from the highest National author- 
 ity that the site indicated is the best that Chicago can present for the 
 purpose of the Columbian Exposition, and in substance is a reasonable 
 demand that Chicago shall make good its promise to the National Legis- 
 lature to provide satisfactorily for the location of the Fair. The Park 
 Commissioners are desirous of meeting the situation fully and frankly. 
 The tender of Jackson Park, 586 acres, and Midway Plaisance, 60 acres, 
 may be taken as in part, at least, evidence of this desire. 
 
 The debate proceedings, the passage of the resolution upon which 
 the request m question is based, indicate misapprehension of certain 
 facts. 
 
Day. 
 
 186 WorhVs Cohimhlan Comviissioii 
 
 Becondses- I, The material (-f r.uj-gradcs of both Washington and Jackson. 
 
 slon— 
 
 Seventh Park Is Substantially the same as to solidity. There is no underlying 
 clay in either park, the sub-material in both being sand. Foundations 
 may be laid, therefore, as safely and economically in one park as i:i ihe 
 other. 
 
 2. To inclose Washington Park would be materially to detract fiom 
 the beauty of the approaches to the site already accepted, which has its 
 western connection with Washington Park at Sixtieth Street, through 
 which the movement of carriages may be continued for a mile to Jackson 
 Park. The Commissioners have considered that Washington Park and the 
 boulevards are in fact, though not m formal tender, an integral part of 
 the southern site as offered, and as such will be maintained in 1893 with 
 more than ordinary care, at the expense, not of the Exposition, but, as 
 usual, of the Park District. Next year the improvement of Michigan 
 Avenue Boulevard will be carried to Fifty-fifth Street or Garfield Boule- 
 vard, through which there is a desirable entrance to Washington Park; if 
 maintained open and unobstructed, Washington Park receiving their 
 incessant drive from the boulevards, not repelling it. will be of itself a 
 delightful doorway for the Exposition — the pleasure as the dignity of 
 which would be lost by fencmg it against use by vehicles. 
 
 3. The meadow in Washington Park, some 100 acres, will be in 
 demand in 1893 for successive encampments of organized bodies, military 
 and other, which would be denied this desirable camping site — the only 
 place eligible in close contiguity with the Fair — if the meadow were 
 covered by substantial construction. For the purpose of obtaining a 
 better turn for such use of the meadow the Commissioners have under 
 contemplation a plan for plowing, tile-draining, harrowing, seeding, and 
 rolling this space during the pleasant season. 
 
 4. If, after considering this explanation, the National Commission 
 and the Chicago Directory shall still insist that the honor of Chicago 
 demands and the space needed for the Exposition requires that Wash- 
 ington Park be more closely identified with the Exposition, and that to 
 other site area there shall be added the area of this, the South Park Com- 
 missioners, upon the receipt of notice to such effect, will immediately 
 cause to be prepared, and will pass the ordinances necessary to comply 
 with the request now under consideration. 
 
 In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and the seal of 
 the said Commissioners, this 226. day of September, A. D. 1890. 
 [corporate seal] (Signed,) H. W. Harmon, 
 
 Secretaf'y of the Soi(//i Park Commissioners. 
 
 I hereby certify that the paper hereto attached is a correct copy of 
 
 the preamble and resolution passed by the Directory of the World's 
 
 Columbian Exposition, held this day, September 22, 1890: and I further 
 
 certify that there is attached to said preamble and resolution a correct 
 
Minutts of the Second Session. 137 
 
 copy of the communication received by the said Board of Directors from second scb- 
 the Board of South Park Commissioners. Day."'^ 
 
 Witness my hand and the seal of the Corporation, this 2 2d Septem- 
 ber, 1890. 
 
 [seal] Benj. Butterworth, 
 
 Secretary, 
 Resolution of Mr. Jeffery. 
 
 September 22, 1890. 
 
 Whereas, The Commissioners of the Columbian Exposition have 
 requested this Board to obtain, if possible, from the South Park Board a 
 tender of Washington Park for Exposition purposes; and. 
 
 Whereas, This Board concurs with the honorable Commissioners in 
 the belief that the use of Washington Park is essential to the full and 
 complete presentment of the Exposition in a manner convenient to the 
 public; and. 
 
 Whereas, This Board has, by its Committee appointed for the 
 purpose, again presented to the South Park Commissioners the necessity 
 for a tender of Washington Park in addition to the area already tendered 
 by them, which necessity the Commissioners have recognized by resolu- 
 tions duly adopted; therefore, 
 
 Resolved, That, in the opinion of this Board, the honor of Chicago and 
 the necessities of the Exposition alike require the adoption of Washington 
 Park as an important part of the site for the Columbian Exposition. 
 
 Resolved, That a copy of this be sent to the South Park Board, and to 
 the Columbian Exposition Commissioners, as a declaration of the views 
 of this Directory upon this subject. 
 
 Mr. Martindale, of Indiana, on behalf of the Conference Committee, 
 read the following report, and moved its adoption: 
 
 Whereas, The South Park Commissioners, at their meeting: on the Report of 
 
 ' ' *» the Select 
 
 2 2d of September, 1890, after having fully considered the applications of comSee 
 the Directors of the World's Columbian Exposition, made to them in °^^^^^- 
 pursuance of the resolution of this Commission, adopted on the 20th day 
 of September, after having recited certain facts in reference to the use of 
 Washington Park, 
 
 Resolved, That, if after considering their explanation the National 
 Commission and the Chicago Directory shall still insist that the honor of 
 •Chicago demands, and the space needed for the Exposition requires that 
 Washington Park be more closely identified with the Exposicion, and that 
 to other site area there be added the area of this, the South Park Com- 
 missioners will, on notice to such effect, immediately cause to be prepared, 
 and will pass the ordinance necessary to comply with the request now 
 under consideration. 
 
 Now, therefore, in pursuance of the foregoing invitation to further 
 express the opinion of the National Commission in reference to this 
 question, it is hereby 
 
138 Wo/id's CoViimln'in Commission. 
 
 Second ses- Rcsolved, Ev ihe National Commission, that this Commission does 
 
 Seventh g^jij jnsist that the space needed for the Exposition and to make the 
 same adequate and satisfactory to this Commission requires that Wash- 
 ington Park be added to the several plats of ground heretofore tendered 
 to this Commission as a site for the Exposition, and that the addition of 
 Washington Park may be made by the Chicago Directory and will be 
 accepted by this Commission with the understanding that only so much 
 of the said several plats as may be required for Exposition purposes will 
 be used; and that the presentation of said park and its acceptance, with 
 the acceptance of the Midway Plaisance, shall be a final settlement of all 
 questions relating to the site for said Exposition. 
 
 ^sru^unani The resolution was seconded by Mr. M. L. McDonald, of California. 
 
 inously 
 
 adopted After protracted debate Mr. Hay, of Wyoming, moved that the question 
 be decided by a rising vote, which was adopted, and, on putting the ques- 
 tion, the report of the Conference Committee was unanimously adopted. 
 
 Mr. Strong, of Tennessee, offered the following resolution: 
 
 ^apprm-ing Whereas, ^Mauy false impressions having gone to the country in 
 
 o'fthe c?i- regard to the Local Directory of the World's Columbian Exposition; and, 
 
 tor? ^^^ Whereas, Since our return to this city, we realize that said Directory 
 
 has had more and greater difficulties to overcome than those at a distance 
 
 could in any way possibly comprehend; therefore be it 
 
 Resolved^ That, in the judgment of this Commission, the Local 
 Directors are doing all within their power to make a grand success of the 
 coming Exposition, and that the huge difficulties at the starting-point 
 having now been removed, the country may from this time forward 
 expect more rapid and satisfactory progress; be it further 
 
 Resolved^ That, knowing the Chicago Directory to be composed of 
 leading and successful business men of the city, in whom we have great 
 confidence, we do not believe that they, or the people of Chicago, will 
 spare either pains, time, or money to aid and cooperate with us in making 
 the Fair a success of which the Nation will be proud; be it further 
 
 Resolved, That when w^e return to our homes we will labor to correct 
 the wrong impressions that the country may have received in regard to 
 the work of the Local Directory, and that each and every one of us 
 pledge ourselves to faithful aid in making the World's Columbian Expo- 
 sition the grandest exhibit ever held on the globe. 
 
 The resolution was seconded by Mr. Mercer, of Wyoming, and was 
 
 unanimously adopted. 
 
 ^thrjiu?/. ^ir. Massey, from the Committee on Judiciary, Rules, and By-Laws, 
 
 mitiee. offered a report in regard to the resolution presented by Mr. Woodside 
 
 and referred to that Committee, for which the Committee proposed the 
 
 following substitute: 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 139 
 
 ToLichinc'- the matter referred to in the resolution propounded by Mr. on offices 
 Woodside, we beg to submit that, in the opinion of the Committee, it '■''^»- 
 would be advisable to adopt the following as a substitute for Mr. Wood- 
 side's resolution, which fully expresses the views of this Committee, viz.: 
 
 Resolved, That it is not within the power of any of the Committees 
 of this Commission to create an office, or fix the salary thereof, but that 
 such power can only be exercised by the Commission. The Executive 
 Committee may, however, select such employes and agents as may be 
 necessary, define their duties and fix their compensation, as provided by 
 Article " Fifth " of the By-Laws. 
 
 After considerable debate the Committee's substitute was adopted 
 and the resolution passed. 
 
 Mr. Massev, on behalf of the same Committee, reported an additional o^ Y'ce- 
 
 ^ ' ' r Chairman 
 
 article for the By-Laws, which after some debate was adopted, as follows: ecutive^^" 
 
 Commlt- 
 
 The Committee on By-Laws, to which was referred the resolution •^6^- 
 introduced by Commissioner-at-Large Lindsay, beg leave to make the 
 following report, to-wit: 
 
 Li view of the express recommendation in that behalf of the Exec- 
 utive Committee, the following amendment is proposed to the By-Laws, 
 to- wit: 
 
 Article Sixteenth. 
 
 *' There shall be also an officer of the Commission, designated ^Vice- 
 Chainnan of tJie Executive Committee,' who shall perform such duties as 
 may be assigned to him by the Commission or its Executive Committee, 
 and who shall receive an annual salary of eight thousand dollars, which 
 shall commence to accrue from the date of assuming the duties of his 
 office." 
 
 Make present x\rticle "Sixteenth" the "Seventeenth." 
 
 Mr. Massey, from the same Committee, made the following report on meetings 
 
 and expen- 
 
 relative to the resolutions introduced by Mr. Groner and Mr. Deere, and mmees^"^' 
 the report of the Committee was adopted: 
 
 Li the matter of the subjects embodied in the resolutions propounded, 
 respectively, by Commissioners Groner and Deere, the Committee on 
 By-Laws beg leave to report that these subjects are fully covered by the 
 resolution now pending before the Commission, which has been considered 
 and favorably reported from this Committee; and that the adoption of the 
 last-named resolution, if it be the pleasure of the Commission to adopt 
 the same, will accomplish, as to all the standing Committees, what the 
 several resolutions contemplate for the two Committees referred to; and 
 that, in the judgment of this Committee, the powers sought to be con- 
 ferred ought to be delegated to all the standing Committees, or be with- 
 held from all. 
 
 Mr. Massey, from the same Committee, made the following report 
 relative to the resolution of Mr. Sims, of Rhode Island, and the report 
 was adopted: 
 
140 World's CtJninhrm (Jovnriission, 
 
 On changing The Committee on By-Laws report the following amendment to 
 
 coinniittee Article " Tenth " of the Bv-Laws: Make the title of the ^'' Coinniittee on 
 
 on Eloc- 
 
 triciry. Electricity and Elcctrical Appliances'' \.o x^2ii\ 2iS> io\\o^''s>\ "Committee on 
 Electricity, Electrical and Pneumatical Appliances," and recommend its 
 adoption. 
 C01..1.A. Mr. Massey yielded the floor to Mr. Martindale, of Indiana, .who 
 
 McKonzie 
 
 ^^llrl!^^ moved that the Commission elect Mr. McKenzie, of Kentucky, Vice- 
 
 Clialrman _., . ,. , -r^ • ,^ • r.^i • • 11 
 
 of the Chairman of the Executive Committee. 1 he nomination was seconded 
 
 Executive 
 
 Commit- 1^^^ -^1^ Cochran, of Texas, and Mr. McKenzie was unanimously elected. 
 Reports of Mf. MasscY rcsumcd his report in behalf of the Committee on Judi- 
 
 the.hiili- -^ ^ *^ 
 
 mmee''™" ciary, Rules, and By-Laws, and reported his own resolution, introduced 
 
 coutiuued. 
 
 Saturday, with an amendment, as follows; 
 
 Amend the resolution by adding the following at the end thereof, viz. : 
 Limiting *' Nor shall this resolution be construed as authorizing any payment 
 
 payments . . •>' ^■ 
 
 to Com to any Commissioner other than the traveling expenses and per diem 
 
 missiouers. ■' c» i * 
 
 allowance for subsistence authorized by the Act of Congress." 
 
 Mr. Thacher, of New York, offered the following as an amendment 
 to the resolution as amended by the Committee: 
 andExpen But no Standing Committee, except the Executive Committee, shall 
 
 Commit- create expenses the total amount of which shall be more than $2,000 until 
 
 tees. ' 
 
 on or after June 30, 1891. 
 
 After considerable debate, Mr. Massey offered another amendment 
 as a substitute for Mr. Thacher's amendment, as follows: 
 Entire mat- Provided, further. That the aggregate expenditure prior to June 30, 
 
 ler recom- ' -^ ' ^^ . 
 
 th'".fudi^ 1 89 1, under this resolution shall not exceed $50,000. 
 
 mutl'c.''"^" After further debate, Mr. Martindale moved to recommit the entire 
 
 (Not again 
 
 auhe'''^ matter to the Committee on Judiciar}^" with instructions to report on 
 
 second 
 
 session.) Tuesday, after the morning hour, and it was so voted. 
 
 (No further action on the subject of expenses of committees was 
 taken during the second session.) 
 
 The Commission then adjourned.. 
 
 Second Session — Eighth Day, Tuesday, Sept. 23, 1890. 
 
 Second The Commission was called to order at 11 o'clock. President 
 
 Session— 
 
 ELf '" Palmer in the chair. 
 
 Roll Call. 
 
 Rou-caii. Commissioners-at-Large. — California, M. J>. McDonald; Kentucky, 
 
 W. Lindsay; Michigan, 'i'. \V. Palmer; Texas, H. Exall. 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 141 
 
 Commissioners of States. — Alabama, F. G. Bromberg; Arkansas, ^^g^j""!^®^" 
 X. Gregg; California, M. H. de Young; Colorado, R. E. Goodell, F. J. V. D^y"^ 
 Skiff; Delaware, G. V. Massey, W. H. Porter; Florida, J. Hirst, R. Turn- 
 bull; Georgia, L. McLaws, C. H. Way; Idaho, G. A. Manning; Illinois, 
 C. H. Deere, A. T. Ewing; Indiana, T. E. Garvin, E. B, Martindale; 
 Iowa, J. Hayes, alternate; Kansas, C. K. Holliday, Jr.; Kentucky, J. A, 
 McKenzie; Louisiana, D. B. Penn, P. J. McMahon, alternate; Maine, 
 A. R. Rixby, C. S. Edwards, alternate; Massachusetts, F. W. Breed; 
 Michigan, M. H. Lane, C. H. Richmond; Minnesota, M. B. Harrison; 
 Mississippi, J. M. Bynum, R. L. Saunders; Montana, L. H. Hershfield, A. 
 H Mitchell; Nebraska, Euclid Martin, A. G. Scott; Nevada, J. W. Haines, 
 G. Russell; New Jersey, T. Smith; New York, J. B. Thacher; North 
 Carolina, T. B. Keogh; North Dakota, H. P. Rucker, M. Ryan; Ohio, 
 W. Ritchie, L. C. Cron, alternate; Oregon, M. Wilkins, J. L. Morrow, 
 alternate; Pennsylvania, W. McClelland, J. W. Woodside; Rhode Island, 
 L. B. Goff, G. C. Sims; South Carolina, J. R. Cochran, E. L. Roche, 
 alternate; South Dakota, M. H. Day; Tennessee, R. Strong, A. B. Hurt, 
 alternates; Texas, A. M. Cochran, J. T. Dickinson; Vermont, H. H. 
 Mclntyre; Virginia, J. T. Harris; Washington, W. Bingham, C. B. Bagley, 
 alternates; West Virginia, J. D. Butt, J. W. St. Clair; Wisconsin, P. Allen, 
 Jr.; Wyoming, H. G. Hay, A. S. Mercer, alternate; Arizona, G. F. Coats; 
 New Mexico, T. C. Gutierres, R. M. White; Oklahoma, O. Beeson, J. D. 
 Miles; Utah, P. H. Lannan, W. M. Ferry, alternate. 
 
 The minutes of Monday's session were approved as printed, and the 
 reading was dispensed with. 
 
 On motion of Mn St. Clair, of West Virginia, a recess was taken 
 until I o'clock p. m. 
 
 On reassembling at i o'clock, the Judiciary Committee having a 
 fiumber of resolutions under consideration, it was voted to take a further 
 recess until 1.35 p. m. 
 
 On reassembling at 1.35, Mr. Martin, of Nebraska, offered the 
 following resolution: 
 
 Resolved, That the By-Laws shall be so changed that nine members 
 shall constitute a quorum of the Executive Committee, and that the said 
 Committee shall be in continuous session after such date as shall be 
 deemed expedient by the President and Vice-Chairman of this Committee. 
 
142 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Second See- Resolved, further, That this resolution be referred to the Judiciary 
 
 E?ghTh Committee for consideration, and report to the National Commission. 
 
 Mr. Holliday, of Kansas, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolvedy That it is the sense of this Commission that any further 
 election or appointment of members of this Commission to offices with 
 salaries attached be hereby expressly prohibited, except by unanimous 
 consent of the Commission. 
 
 Both of the foregoing resolutions were referred to the Judiciary 
 Committee. 
 
 Mr. White, of New Mexico, arose to a question of privilege, and read 
 an erroneous newspaper statement in regard to certain proceedings of 
 the Commission in which he had taken part, and desired to have spread 
 upon the record the fact that he requested that a proper correction be 
 made and that care be taken in the future to avoid such misrepresenta- 
 tions. 
 
 Mr. Martindale, of Indiana, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Whereas, The Act of Congress establishing the World's Colum- 
 bian Exposition requires that this Commission shall approve of the build- 
 ings to be erected in which to hold such Exposition, and 
 
 Whereas, Such approval is required to be made before the President 
 of the United States can make proclamation to the world, setting forth 
 to the .world the time at which the Exposition shall open and close and 
 the place in which it will be held; therefore 
 
 Resolved, That a committee of five shall be appointed by the Presi- 
 dent of the Columbian Commission, whose duty it shall be to consult 
 with the Chicago Directory, with the President and Vice-President of 
 the Executive Committee, and with the Director-General of this Com- 
 mission, and join with them in recommending to this Commission suitable 
 buildings, suitably located, in which to hold the several departments of 
 said Exposition, and that such report with plans of buildings made by 
 the Chicago Directory, and approved by said Committee and the Presi- 
 dent, Vice-President, and Director-General, shall be reported to this 
 Commission for acceptance on the i8th day of November, 1890, to which 
 date this Commission, when it adjourns, shall adjourn. 
 
 The resolution was debated at some length, and was objected to by 
 Mr. Butt, of West Virginia, as out of order, in that it infringed upon 
 the powers already conferred on the Executive Committee. 
 
 The President ruled the point of order not well taken. 
 
 Mr. Goodell, of Colorado, offered the following resolution as a sub- 
 stitute for the resolution of Mr. Martindale: 
 
Mivutes of the Second Session. 143 
 
 Resolved. That when the Local Directory are ready to submit the Second ses- 
 plans for the buildings of the World's Columbian Exposition, the Chair- ^l*^,^'^ 
 man and Vice-Chairman of the Executive Committee shall select a sub- 
 committee of four from the Executive Committee, to be known as a 
 Committee on Buildings, to pass upon said plans and report at the next 
 meeting of this Commission, and that when this Commission adjourns, 
 It shall adjourn to November i8, 1890. 
 
 Mr. Butt again raised the point of order that the resolution was ^n 
 conflict with the By-Laws of the Commission, but the President ruled 
 adversely. 
 
 Mr. White, of New Mexico, called attention to the fact that he had 
 at Monday's session introduced a resolution similar in purport to that 
 of Mr. Martindale, providing for the appointment of a Committee on 
 Buildings and Grounds, to consist of eight Commissioners, which was 
 now in the hands of the Judiciary Committee. Mr. W^hite suggested that 
 if Mr. Martindale's resolution were so altered as to make the number of 
 the committee eight, he would cheerfully support it. 
 
 Mr. Martindale accepted the amendment, and after further discus- 
 sion the presiding officer ruled that both resolutions should be referred to 
 the Committee on By-Laws, 
 
 The following communication was received from the States' Asso- 
 ciation of Chicago: 
 
 States' Association, 
 
 Chicago, September 23, 1890. 
 Hon. Thomas W^ Palmer, President: 
 Kon. John T. Dickinson, Secretary: 
 
 Gentlemen: The States' Association is in receipt of the resolution 
 adopted by the National Commission, extending the privileges of the 
 floor during its session to the officers of the States' Association. For 
 this expression and such high consideration we beg, on behalf of the 
 States' Association, to acknowledge its most grateful appreciation. 
 
 L. D. Thoman, 
 
 Henry Sheldon, Secretary. President. 
 
 Mr. Massey, from the Judiciary Committee, made the following Reports of 
 
 report: ary com- 
 
 mittee. 
 
 The Judiciary Committee, having considered the matters embraced onconsti- 
 
 1 " 1 ■ r • 1 • ■ • r tilting a 
 
 in the resolution referred to it touchino- the constitution of a quorum tuiommof 
 
 *^ ^ tlioExecu- 
 
 of the Executive Committee less in number than a majority thereof, i^^tteif"^' 
 who shall have and exercise the powers of the Executive Committee, 
 when it is not in session, beg leave to submit the following report, viz.: 
 
 That, in the judgment of the Committee, it is essentially necessary 
 that due deliberation should be afforded in considerinef a matter so 
 
144 World's Columbian Comviission. 
 
 Second seB- important, and an incorrect or injudicious solution whereof would nec- 
 Eighth essarily be attended with the most serious consequences, in the way 
 of embarrassment and possible legal difficulties and complications; and, 
 that as additional time is imperatively needed by the Committee ior 
 further investigation and consideration, to the end that a proper and 
 legal scheme may be devised and formulated in this behalf, your Com- 
 mittee would respectfully recommend the adoption of the following 
 resolution as expressive of its unanimous conclusion of the proper course 
 to be pursued in the premises, to- wit: 
 
 Recom- ResolvciL That the Judiciary Committee be, and it is hereby author- 
 
 ™i"ed. , , ,. , /. , -11 1 • 11 
 
 ized, empowered, and directed to further consider the subject covered by 
 the references aforesaid, and, after conference with the Secretary of the 
 Treasury, to devise a legitimate scheme which will rightfully accomplish 
 the desired result, if it can be lawfully done, and make a full report to 
 the Commission, at its next meeting, in the form of an additional By-Law. 
 
 The motion for the adoption of the report was seconded by Mr. 
 Thacher, of New York, and was carried. 
 
 Mr. Massey, from the same Committee, offered the following report 
 and moved its adoption: 
 
 That "Article Ninth" of the By-LaWs, regarding the Director- 
 General, be amended as follows: 
 
 Add at the end of said article the following words: 
 On duties of "It shall also be his duty and privilege to attend the meetings of 
 
 tor-Gen- any of the standing Committees for the purpose of suggestion and con- 
 ference, and to the end that all the agencies of the Commission may 
 be rendered miore efficient." 
 
 The motion for the adoption of this report was seconded by Mr. 
 Mark L. McDonald, of California, and was carried. 
 
 Mr. St. Clair, of West Virginia, from the Judiciary Committee, offered 
 the following report on the proposed amendment to the By-Laws moved 
 by Mr. McClelland, of Pennsylvania, on Monday: 
 ooconstitu- Amend that parasfraph of "Article Tenth " of the By-Laws relatino; 
 
 tlonofthc V ^ \ J o 
 
 Commit- to the Committee on Leo:islation by addino^ immediately after the word 
 
 tee on Leg- & ./ o j 
 
 ieiation. *< Territory," in the second line of said paragraph, the following words, 
 to-wit: "and also the Commissioners-at-Large and their alternates." 
 Adopted. The report of the Committee was adopted. 
 
 Mr. Strong, of Tennessee, offered the following resolution: 
 ReBoiiuion Whereas, Being National Commissioners, and representing as we 
 
 thcKxpo- do a Sabbath-keeping Nation, and beino: desirous of followin*^ in the 
 
 sltlon on I o » o o 
 
 Sunday, channel of all great American Expositions which have brought us such 
 glory in the past, therefore, be it 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 145 
 
 Resolved^ That we are opposed to opening, or keeping open, the second^ses- 
 World's Columbian Exposition on Sunday. i)!<y"'** 
 
 Mr. Rucker, of South Dakota, moved that the resolution be referred 
 to the Committee on Judiciary, Rules, and By-Laws. 
 
 Mr. Holliday, of Kansas, moved to amend by referring the resolution ^'1^^^^^;^^^,^^ 
 to the Executive Committee, and it was so referred by unanimous consent, tee. 
 
 Mr. Bromberg, of Alabama, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved^ That the President of the Commission be and is hereby 
 authorized to notify the President of the United States that provision 
 has been made for grounds and buildings for the uses provided for in 
 the Act of Congress constituting the World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Mr. Massey, of Delaware, objected that the resolution was in conflict 
 with the By-Laws, and therefore out of order. 
 
 The presiding officer ruled that the point of order was not well taken. 
 
 Mr. Holliday moved that the resolution be laid upon the table, and 
 it was so voted. 
 
 Mr. de Young, of California, offered the following resolution, and 
 
 asked that it be referred to the Judiciary Committee: 
 
 Resolved, That an amendment be made to the By-Laws changing 
 Article Thirteenth as follows: 
 
 Article Thirteenth. 
 
 Special Meetings. ^ 
 
 Special meetings shall be held upon the call of the President, and 
 such call therefor may be made on his own motion, and shall be made 
 at the written request of the Executive Committee, or of ten of the 
 members of the Commission, and reasonable notice and the tmie and 
 place of such meeting shall be given to each Commissioner. 
 
 Also changing Article Sixth as follows: 
 
 Article Sixth. 
 Duties of the President. 
 
 The President shall preside over all the meetings of the Commis- 
 sion, and shall appoint all committees, unless otherwise directed by the 
 Commission, and he shall have all the powers and authority incident to 
 the office of President. The President may, and, at the written request 
 of a majority of the Executive Committee or of ten of the members of 
 the Commission, shall, call a meeting of the Commission, by giving each 
 member reasonable notice of the time and place of such meeting. 
 
 In order to give the Judiciary Committee an opportunity to act 
 upon these various resolutions, the Commission took a recess for thirty 
 minutes. 
 
146 Wurlf/\s Columhifui Commission. 
 
 second sen. On reassembling at 3.35, Mr. Massey, from the Judiciary Committee, 
 
 slon— 
 
 Daf*'^ submitted the following report: 
 
 Report of The Judiciary Committee, to whom were referred resolutions pro- 
 
 conlmit^ pounded respectively by Commissioners White and iMartindale, beg leave 
 tinued" *^^ report that the intention of both said resolutions will be better sub- 
 served by the following amendment to the By-Laws, viz.: 
 
 constir.,t- Add at the end of Article "Tenth," "Committee on Grounds and 
 
 ["mnmii- Buildiugs, cousistiug of six Commissioners, which shall have charge ai>d 
 Gnurnds ^„oervision of the grounds and buildings in so far as the Commission 
 
 and Build- ^"r*-*^ * *= i i n i 
 
 "•*-'*• may lawfully exercise authority over the same; and shall also examme 
 and report to the Commission as to the provision made by the World's 
 Columbian Exposition for such buildings." 
 Adopted. The report of the Committee was unanimously adopted. 
 
 Mr. Massey, from the Committee on Judiciary, reported adversely 
 the resolution offered by Mr. de Young, of California, and the report of 
 the Committee was adopted. 
 
 Mr. Lindsay, Commissioner-at-Large from Kentucky, offered the 
 
 following resolution: 
 Rosoiution Resolved, That it is the sense of this Commission that there should be 
 
 Sm'"" full and free conference between its Standing Committees and those of 
 tween tiie the World's Columbian Exposition acting upon cognate subjects, to the 
 
 standing , ,i, iij^i 
 
 fe(''\"Jmeend that the Committees of each body may be the better enabled to keep 
 fciind within the scope of their respective powers and authority, conflict of 
 lllerhu-a- action avoided, and harmony and mutual confidence the more certainly 
 
 go Oiroct- 
 
 o*"-- secured. 
 
 The resolution was adopted, 
 r.eport of Mr Lindsay, as Chairman of the Select Conference Committee on Site,- 
 
 the Select ■ J i 
 
 enc"J com. offered the following report, which was adopted by a rising vote: 
 
 mlttee on • j j u 
 
 '"^- Whereas, On the 2d day of July, 1890, a resolution was adopted by 
 
 ^'Inousiy the Commission formally accepting the site for the Fair proposed and 
 
 adopted, ^gj^^ej-ed by the World's Columbian Exposition, and by the same resolu- 
 tion a committee of ten Commissioners was authorized to consider all 
 questions about the title of said site, and facilities of transportation, which 
 Committee has made a report satisfactory to the Commission i#i this 
 behalf; and, 
 
 Whereas, Since the acceptance of the site aforesaid the World's 
 Columbian Exposition, by an ofticial communication dated September 11, 
 1890, and presented to the Commission on the 15th inst., has proposed 
 to add to the said site so as aforesaid accepted about ninety acres of the 
 north or improved i)ortion of Jackson Park, and also the area known as 
 " Midway Plaisance," adjoining said park, containing about seventy acres, 
 to the end that the area of said accepted site shall be so enlarged as to 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 147 
 
 permit the Fair to be principally and substantially held on a single site, second ses- 
 and thus avoid any substantial dismemberment thereof; and, £!f''''^ 
 
 Whereas, This Commission has requested the World's Columbian 
 Exposition to make a special effort to acquire a part of Washington Park 
 in addition to Jackson Park, and in response to the request of the Com- 
 mission, the said World's Columbian Exposition has, by its resolution 
 dated September 23, 1890: ''Resolved, That in addition to the area already 
 tendered as a site for the Columbian Exposition, to wit, Lake Front and 
 Jackson Park, the Directory hereby adopts and tenders to the World's 
 Columbian Commission for its acceptance Washington Park and the 
 Midway Plaisance;" therefore. 
 
 Resolved, That the addition of the Midway Plaisance and Washington 
 Park be, and the same is, hereby accepted as an addition to the site 
 heretofore formally accepted as aforesaid, and shall be treated and con- 
 sidered as an addition to and part of said site, with the like effect as if 
 the same had been originally included in the site as first tendered; and 
 that all question and controversy concerning the site are now satis- 
 factorily and finally settled and disposed of, the said site embracing, as 
 now accepted, the Lake Front, the whole of Jackson and Washington 
 Parks, and the area intervening between said parks, known as the Mid- 
 way Plaisance. 
 
 Mr. de Young desired to be recorded as voting against a dual 
 site. 
 
 Mr. Dickinson, of Texas, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Whereas, Reports have reached this country, throuo-h the medium Resolutions 
 
 •^ ^ denouac- 
 
 of correspondents and returning American tourists, that the World's ^"^^IK 
 Columbian Exposition is practically discredited by American newspapers, Expo'^s/.'^® 
 and is unworthy of the serious consideration of Europeans; and, "^^' 
 
 Whereas, Such reports have received apparent confirmation, from 
 the tone of certain foreign newspapers which have mistaken the expres- 
 sions of such tourists as those of the American people; and, 
 
 Whereas, The basis of such reports is evidently an erroneous idea 
 as to the reasons which led to the selection of Chicago as the location of 
 the Exposition; and, 
 
 Whereas, Such reports, being entirely based on false assumptions; 
 can not but be harmful to the purposes of the Exposition; therefore be it 
 
 Resolved, That in the opinion of this Commission the Act of Congress 
 selecting Chicago as the location of the Exposition was wisely and ad- 
 visedly taken; and, 
 
 Resolved, That this Commission hereby signifies its unqualified ap- 
 proval of the selection of Chicago, and hereby places itself on record 
 as having found every pledge made by the advocates of Chicago before 
 Congress fully and absolutely fulfilled; that the site offered and accepted 
 is such as no International Exposition heretofore held could boast of, and 
 
148 Wo7'ld's Columhian Commission. 
 
 Second ses- that there is every prospect of the Exposition being of such a characte- 
 EiTi^h Internationally and Nationally, as every patriotic American could desire^ 
 and, be it further 
 
 Resolved, That the officers of this Commission be, and are hereby- 
 authorized to take such steps as they may deem advisable to counteract, 
 the false impressions herein referred to, and that a copy of these resolu- 
 tions be forwarded to the principal newspapers of London, Paris, Berlin, 
 Vienna, Madrid, and the other European capitals, and all other foreign 
 countries. 
 
 Unanimous- The resolutions were unanimously adopted. 
 
 ly adopted. 
 
 Mr. Breed, of Massachusetts, offered the following resolution: 
 Resolution Resolved, That, the site for the World's Columbian Exposition having 
 
 denco°^rn bccn finally selected and formally accepted and settled in the most sat- 
 
 thp B11CC68S 
 
 of ^tjie^Ex- isfactory manner to the National Commission, as well as to the Chicago 
 Directory and to the people of the whole country; and that the officers 
 and committees of the National Commission have also been chosen to 
 the satisfaction of all; therefore be it 
 
 Resolved, That this National Commission has unbounded confidence 
 in the success of the coming International Exposition, and urgently appeal 
 to all citizens of the United States, individually and through prompt 
 action of the State Legislatures, to contribute generously and actively to 
 that success which shall redound to the glory of our common country. 
 
 Unanimous- xhc rcsolution was unanimously adopted. 
 
 ly adopted ■' 
 
 Mr. Ryan, of North Dakota, offered the following resolution: 
 
 ^SS^oVand Resolved, That the thanks of this Commission are due, and are 
 
 cfeo.''^ hereby tendered, to the Mayor and City Council of the City of Chicago 
 for their courtesy in furnishing the Council Chamber and other accom- 
 modations free for its use during this session. 
 
 The resolution was unanimously adopted. 
 
 Mr. McClelland, of Pennsylvania, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolution Resolved, That the World's Columbian Commissioners hereby desire 
 
 if ff^"to express their appreciation of the able, dignified, and impartial manner 
 Bion!"'^" in which the duties of presiding officer have been performed by Presi- 
 dent Thomas W. Palmer during the Second Session of the Commission, 
 as well as for the consideration and courtesy at all times shown by him to 
 all Commissioners. 
 
 Resolved, That we also desire to place upon record our recognition 
 and approval of the intelligent and satisfactory work of Secretary John 
 T. Dickinson, who has also striven in every possible way to promote the 
 World's Columbian Exhibition. 
 
 Mr. Harris, of Virginia, was called to the chair, and the resolution 
 was unanimously adopted by a rising vote. 
 
Minutes of the Second Session. 149 
 
 Mr. McKenzie moved that the thanks of the Commission be ex- second scj. 
 
 eiou— 
 
 tended to Mr. Potter Palmer for his hospitable entertainment of the Com- u&y]^^ 
 mission on Saturday evening. 
 
 The resolution was adopted by acclamation. 
 
 Mr. Thacher, of New York, moved, and it was voted, that the Secre- 
 tary of the Commission be instructed to compensate the Sergeant-at- 
 Arms, door-keepers, and detailed officers for their services in the Council 
 Chamber during the session of the Commission. 
 
 The Commission then, at 4.08 p. m., adjourned sine die 
 11 
 
OFFICIAL MINUTES 
 
 OF THE 
 
 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third Session — First Day, Tuesday, November i8, 1890. 
 
 The Commission met at 12 o'clock noon, November 18, in Third ses- 
 
 ' ' sion— First 
 
 the Council Chamber, City Hall, Chicago, pursuant to the call ^^^' 
 of the President, of which each Commissioner was notified 
 October 22, 1890: 
 
 At the invitation of the President, the Rev. F. W. Gunsaulus, 
 of Chicago, offered prayer. 
 
 The roll was called, and the following Commissioners and 
 Alternates were present: 
 
 Commissioners-at-Large. — California, M. L. McDonald ; Roii-caii. 
 Massachusetts, A. G. Bullock; Michigan, T. W. Palmer; Nebraska, 
 R. W. Furnas, alternate; New York, G. W. Allen. 
 
 Commissioners of the District of Columbia. — A. T. 
 Britton, D. Clagett, alternate. 
 
 Commissioners of States. — Alabama, G. L. Werth, alter- 
 nate; Arkansas, J. D. Adams, T. H. Leslie, alternate; Cali- 
 fornia, M. H. de Young, W. Forsyth; Colorado, R. E. Goodell, 
 F. J. V. Skiff; Connecticut, T. M.Waller; Delaware, G. V. Massey, 
 W. H. Porter; Florida, J. Hirst, R. Turnbull; Georgia, L. McLaws, 
 C. H. Way; Idaho, J. E. Stearns; Illinois, C. H. Deere, A. T. 
 Ewing; Indiana, T. E. Garvin, E. B. Martindale; Iowa, W. F. 
 
 151 
 
162 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third scs- King, J. Eibocck, alternate; Kansas, C. K. HoUiday, Jr., R. R. 
 
 slon— First o' ^ ' ' ' y > j i 
 
 ^*^" Price; Kentucky, J. Bennett, J. A. McKenzie; Louisiana, D. B. 
 Penn, P. J. McMahon, alternate; Maine, A. R. Bixby; Mary- 
 land, J. Hodges, L. Lowndes; Massachusetts, F. W. Breed ; 
 Michigan, M. H. Lane; Minnesota, M. B. Harrison, O. V. Tous- 
 ley; Mississippi, J. M. Bynum, R. L. Saunders; Missouri, T. B. 
 Bullene; Montana, A. H. Mitchell; Nebraska, Euclid Martin^ 
 A. G. Scott; Nevada, J. W. Haines, G. Russell; New Hamp- 
 shire, W. Aiken, F. E. Kaley, alternate; New Jersey, W. J. 
 Sewell, T. Smith; New York, J. B. Thacher, J. H. Breslin^ 
 alternate; North Carolina, T. B. Keogh; North Dakota, H. P. 
 Rucker, M. Ryan; Ohio, H. P. Piatt, W. Ritchie; Oregon, M. 
 Wilkins; Pennsylvania, W. McClelland, J. W. Woodside; Rhode 
 Island, L. B. Goff, G. C. Sims; South Carolina, E. L. Roche> 
 alternate; South Dakota, L. S. Bullard, alternate; Tennessee, 
 T. L. Williams, R. Strong, alternate; Texas, J. T. Dickinson; 
 Verfnont, H. H. Mclntyre, H. Atkins, alternate; Virginia, V. D. 
 Groner, J. T. Harris; Washington, H. Drum, C. B. Hopkins; 
 West Virginia, J. D. Butt, J. W. St. Clair; Wisconsin, P. 
 Allen, Jr., J. L. Mitchell; Wyoming, A. S. Mercer, alternate. 
 
 Commissioners of Territories. — Arizona, G. F. Coats; 
 New Mexico, R.M. White, L. C. Tetard, alternate; Oklahoma, 
 O. Beeson, J. D. Miles; Utah, F. J. Kiesel, P. H. Lannan. 
 
 On motion of Mr. McKenzie, of Kentucky, it was voted 
 
 that the name of any member who was absent at the calling 
 
 of the roll may be recorded at any time during the day by 
 
 application to the Secretary. 
 
 President's On announcing that the Commission was ready for business, 
 
 address. 
 
 the President made the following remarks: 
 
 President's Address. , 
 
 Gentleme7i of the Commission : 
 
 In accordance with the provision in Article Six of the By- 
 Laws of the World's Columbian Commission, I have called you 
 together for the purpose of considering the progress and needs 
 of the Exposition, and to afford opixirtunity, at the earliest day 
 possible, to formulate the notification described in Section lo of 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 153 
 
 the Act of Con2:ress creatinor this Commission, which shall Third ses- 
 
 ° ^ ' slon— First 
 
 enable the President of the United States to make and publish ^»y- 
 that proclamation which must precede any action of participa- 
 tion on the part of Foreign Governments. 
 
 When the call was issued for November i8th, it seemed cer- 
 tain that all subjects and conditions essential to be passed upon 
 by you would be fully prepared for your consideration before 
 that date, and I trust you may be subjected to no delay in their 
 presentation 
 
 Under the terms of the Act, as I understand them, you 
 should be able to inform the President: 
 
 ist. That a site has been selected for the Exposition. 
 
 2d. That building plans have received your approval. 
 
 3d. That both site and buildings are " deemed," by you, 
 ** adequate to the purposes of said Exposition" and full provis- 
 ion has been made for their use and construction. 
 
 Preliminary to this action you should be satisfied that the 
 moneys prescribed to be provided by "The World's Exposition 
 of 1892 " are so provided in exact compliance with the require- 
 ments of the Act of Congress. 
 
 You will also be expected to adopt a scheme of classifica- 
 tion and the regulations referred to in Section 10 of the Act, for 
 publication by the President in supplement to his proclamation. 
 
 I am 'informed that reports from the Classification and 
 Executive Committees, containing proposed systems of classifi- 
 cation and of regulations, already await your consideration, and 
 it is probable that the committees and organizations now in 
 charge of the other essential matters will present their final re- 
 ports before you have completed such consideration. 
 
 Other features of administration, plan, and scope, more or 
 less vital to the successful conduct of the Exposition, will also 
 be presented, and I bespeak for them the candid, judicial, and 
 patriotic treatment which may be confidently expected of this 
 body. 
 
 President Palmer, as Chairman of the Executive Commit- Report of 
 
 the Execu- 
 
 tee, submitted the following report, which was ordered to be mlttee.^™" 
 printed in the minutes and lie upon the table for future 
 consideration: 
 
164 World'' s Columbian Commission, 
 
 Third Ses- RePORT OF THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE, 
 
 slon— First 
 
 ^*^" Chicago, November 17, 1890. 
 
 To the World's Columbian Commission: 
 
 Gentlemen : In compliance with Article Five of the By- 
 Laws of the Commission, requiring the Executive Committee to 
 " report fully all their transactions to the Commission at its 
 stated and special sessions," I have the honor to submit herewith 
 the following report, covering such transactions of the Commit- 
 tee as are deemed of sufficient importance to be submitted to 
 the Commission. 
 
 Since the adjournment of the Commission at its last session, 
 to-wit, September 23, 1890, the Executive Committee has held 
 meetings on the following dates, viz.: September 24, October 18, 
 20, 21, and November 14, 15, and 17. 
 
 At a meeting of the Committee on September 24th, a com- 
 mittee of four, with the addition of the Chairman and Vice-Chair- 
 man, was appointed to pass upon the compensation to be given 
 officers, agents, clerks, stenographers, and typewriters that the 
 Secretary had to employ since the Commission was organized. 
 
 The matters covered by this subject will be found in full in 
 the Secretary's report. 
 
 At this same meeting the Director-General was authorized, 
 in the name of the National Commission, to respectfully request 
 the President of the United States and the Secretaries of the vari- 
 ous departments to detail officers to assist the Director-General 
 and the Commission in any department of the Exposition. 
 
 At the meeting of the Committee on October i8th, a com- 
 munication was read from the Secretary of the Treasury approv- 
 ing Articles Fifteen and Sixteen of the By-Laws of the Commis- 
 sion, fixing the salaries of the officers of the Commission hereto- 
 fore elected. A copy of said communication appears on page 14 
 of the Minutes of this Committee. 
 
 At this same meeting Secretary Dickinson reported that he 
 had received information that the following committees had de- 
 cided to call meetings as follows: Committee on Foreign Affairs, 
 in New York, October 2 2d ; Committee on Fine Arts, in New 
 York, October 23d, and the Committee on Mines and Mining, 
 in this city, November 27, 1890. 
 
 After due consideration of the matter, the following resolu- 
 tion was adopted by the Committee: 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 155 
 
 ''Resolved, That the President be, and is, hereby directed to Third ses- 
 
 ' . slon— First 
 
 notify the chairman of each committee of this Commission that, ^*y- 
 in view of the restricted finances of this Commission, it is unwise 
 that any meeting of any of the committees be called, or any act 
 be done, .incurring expense, until the meeting of the National 
 Commission on November i8th next, unless authorized by the 
 President." 
 
 Secretary Dickinson also reported that he had received 
 letters from the chairmen of the various committees in reference 
 to the employment of clerks and stenographers and the furnish- 
 ing of stationery for the use of the committees. The Executive 
 Committee decided that action upon these communications 
 should be deferred until after the next meeting of the National 
 Commission. 
 
 A resolution was adopted providing for a committee of four, 
 together with the Director-General, to confer with the Committee 
 from the Local Directory, and to recommend to the Committee 
 such methods or agencies as may be advisable for conducting the 
 Exposition, and that the President and Vice-Chairman shall be 
 two of the members of said Committee, and that the Secretary 
 of the Commission shall be Secretary of the Committee, to pre- 
 serve a record of their action. 
 
 This Committee at a subsequent meeting made the following 
 report, which was read and approved by the Executive Commit- 
 tee, and ordered referred to the Commission with recommendation 
 that it be adopted: 
 
 Report of the conference between the Sub-Committee of 
 the Executive Committee of the National Commission, con- 
 posed of President Palmer, Vice-Chairman McKenzie, Director- 
 General Davis, Commissioners Martindale and Martin, and 
 Secretary Dickinson, and the Committee of the World's Colum- 
 bian Exposition Directory, composed of President Gage, Vice- 
 President Bryan, and Secretary Butterworth: 
 
 All these gentlemen were present in the Director-General's 
 office at 4 o'clock p. m., October 20, 1890, in pursuance of the 
 following resolution, adopted by the Executive Committee of the 
 National Commission, October 18, 1890, a copy of which had 
 previously been transmitted to the officers of the World's Colum- 
 bian Exposition Directory: 
 
 Resolved^ That a committee of four, together with the 
 • Director-General, be selected to confer with a committee from 
 
156 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third ses- the Local Directory, and to recommend to the Commission such 
 
 slon— First - ' 
 
 ^ay- methods or agencies as may be advisable for conducting this 
 Exposition, and that the President and Vice-Chairman shall be 
 two of the members of said committee, and that the Secretary 
 of the Commission shall be Secretary of the committee, to pre- 
 serve a record of their action. 
 
 In accordance with the foregoing resolution, this Conference 
 Committee proceeded to the business before them, to-wit: The 
 consideration of the formation of such bureaus as were deemed 
 advisable for the successful conduct of the Exposition, subject to 
 the approval of the Commission and of the Local Directory, 
 
 At the request of the Committee, Director-General Davis 
 submitted a report setting forth his views as to what bureaus 
 should be established. President Gage also read from a report 
 before him the names of various bureaus that were deemed 
 necessary to be formed. 
 
 After fully considering this question, the Committee finally 
 decided that the following bureaus would ultimately be needed 
 to successfully prepare for and operate the Exposition, and that 
 they should be put in operation as the work progressed, and 
 that there was an imperative demand for their creation: 
 
 Bureau of Installation, whic'h will also include Manufactures. 
 
 Bureau of Agriculture, with Departments of Live Stock and 
 Horticulture. 
 
 Bureau of Mines and Mining. 
 
 Bureau of Machinery and Electricity. 
 
 Bureau of Education, covering Engineering, Public Works, 
 Architecture, Ethnology, Archaeology, Progress of Labor and 
 Invention. 
 
 Bureau of Fine Arts, including Decorative Art. 
 
 Bureau of Railway Exhibits and other Means of Transit. 
 
 Bureau of Admissions. 
 
 Bureau of Protection and Public Comfort, covering Police 
 and Fire Department, Invitation to Visitors, Guides, Interpret- 
 ers, etc. 
 
 Bureau of Publicity and Promotion. 
 
 Bureau of Transportation. 
 
 On motion of Commissioner Martindale, it was decided that 
 the Director-General should appoint all these bureau officers, 
 subject to the confirmation of the Executive Committee of the 
 National Commission, and also of the Executive Committee of 
 the Local Directory. 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 157 
 
 It was also decided by the Committee that this report should Third_S|B-^^ 
 be submitted to the Executive Committee of both organizations, ^*y- 
 to be submitted by the said Committees to the National Com- 
 mission and to the Local Directory for approval before the said 
 bureaus are created. 
 
 The Secretaries of the two Committees were directed to pre- 
 pare the report of the action of this Conference Committee and 
 transmit same to their respective Executive Committees for con- • 
 sideration and action thereon. 
 
 The Conference Committee then adjourned. 
 
 Jno. T. Dickinson, 
 Secretary National Cojumissioii. 
 Benj. Butterworth, 
 Secretary World's Coluinbian Exposition Association. 
 
 The foregoing report was only partial, and the Conference 
 Committee, on the part of the Executive Committee, stated that 
 they would make further report at a subsequent meeting. 
 
 At this same meeting of the Committee a letter was read from 
 Mrs. Isabella Beecher Hooker, a member of the Board of Lady 
 Managers, dated Hartford, Conn., October 9, 1890, recommending 
 that the Board of Lady Managers be called to meet November i8th, 
 and hold a preliminary session with the World^s Columbian Com- 
 mission, in order to become accustomed to the methods of the 
 Commission in transacting its business; that, as soon as this 
 preliminary session was over, the Board of Lady Managers 
 should be called together by the President of the Commission, 
 and under his guidance proceed to effect an organization of their 
 own body. Mrs. Hooker also recommended that the Board of 
 Lady Managers should at once appoint concurrent committees, 
 corresponding to those of the Commission, and later, sub-com- 
 mittees, whose members should be invited to sit with the com- 
 mittees of the Commission at every session, and suggested that 
 the members of the Board of Lady Managers from each State 
 should, at joint sessions of the Commission and the Board, 
 occupy seats adjoining, with extra seats reserved for friends, to 
 be invited from time to time, as deemed advisable. 
 
 A report was also presented from Charlotte Smith, Presi- 
 dent of the Women's National Industrial League of the 
 United States of America, detailing the work done by that body 
 inbehalf of the interests of the World's Columbian Exposition, and 
 stating that over 40,000 copies of a circular addressed to women 
 
158 World^s Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third ses- interested in the organization of women's work throusfhout the 
 
 Blon— First ** . ° 
 
 Day. world had been distributed in America and Europe; that corre- 
 spondence had been held with prominent men and women in 
 America and Europe requesting cooperation in the work; that 
 a bill had been introduced in the House of Representatives pro- 
 viding for a Woman's International Labor Congress to be held 
 during the Exposition, and had been referred to the Select Com- 
 mittee having charge of that subject, and a favorable report 
 promised. 
 
 The above letter and report were referred to a special com- 
 mittee of the Executive Committee, which has not yet reported. 
 
 A communication was read from Edward de Groff, appointed 
 by Gov. Lyman E. Knapp, of Alaska Territory, a World's Fair 
 Commissioner, in which he stated the circumstances connected 
 with his appointment and his journey to Chicago in consequence 
 of that appointment before he had learned that the State Depart- 
 ment had made a mistake in sending notice to the Governor of 
 Alaska to appoint World's Fair Commissioners. In connection 
 with this letter the Secretary also submitted a copy of a letter 
 addressed by him on September 5th to the Chief Clerk of the 
 State Department with reference to the appointment of Mr. 
 de Groff and his colleague, and the answer of the Department, 
 dated September 8th, in which it was stated that notice had been 
 sent to the Governor of Alaska through inadvertence, and that 
 the opinion of the Department was that the Territory not being 
 organized, was not entitled to representation on the Commission. 
 
 In reference to the foregoing, the Committee, at a subsequent 
 meeting, adopted the following preamble and resolution: 
 
 Whereas, The District of Alaska, not being clothed by 
 Congress with a Territorial form of government, is not, under 
 the law providing for the World's Columbian Exposition, entitled 
 to representation in the World's Columbian Commission; and 
 
 Whereas, The Department of State, under a misapprehen- 
 sion of law, did invite the Governor of Alaska to recommend 
 two Commissioners and two alternate Commissioners, to be 
 appointed by the President; and 
 
 Whereas, The said Governor of Alaska did nominate to 
 the President, to be appointed as such Commissioners, Edward 
 de Groff and L. L. Williams, and did nominate to the President, 
 to be appointed as alternates, Carl Sprehn and N. A. Fuller; 
 and 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 159 
 
 Whereas, It is in the opinion of this Executive Committee Third ses- 
 
 ' ^ slon— First 
 
 important that said District of Alaska be represented in said ^*y- 
 Commission and make display in said Exposition; therefore 
 
 Resolved^ That we petition Congress to so amend the law 
 that Alaska may be represented in said World's Columbian Com- 
 mission, and that the Commissioners and alternate Commis- 
 sioners nominated by the Governor of Alaska may be commis- 
 sioned by the President, and that until such action is taken by 
 Congress the said Commissioners are invited to the privileges of 
 the floor of the Commission. 
 
 At the meeting of the Committee ow October i8th, Sec- 
 retary Dickinson stated to the Committee that some time 
 ago, at the request of President Palmer, he addressed a com- 
 munication to the Chairmen of the various committees of 
 the National Commission, stating that, as the Executive Com- 
 mittee would meet in Chicago on October i8th, to be in session 
 probably several days, they were requested to forward to the 
 President, to be submitted to the 'Executive Committee, any 
 plan, ideas, or suggestions that their committees may have con- 
 sidered during the recent session of the Commission, or that the 
 Chairmen may have outlined as work for their committees, to- 
 gether with an approximate estimate of the expense, if any, that 
 may have to be incurred in the execution of said plan, ideas, or 
 suggestions. 
 
 Answers to these letters will be found on pages 30 to 1%, 
 inclusive, of the minutes of the Executive Committee. 
 
 Reports were received and read from the Select Committees 
 of the World's Columbian Commission and of the Local Board, 
 with reference to the special mining exhibit proposed by Mr. Ed. 
 F. Brov/ne. The Committee of the Commission recommended 
 that the said exhibit be made one of the adjuncts of the World's 
 Fair, the details of its regulation and control to be referred to 
 the Executive Committee and the Local Directory. The report 
 of the special committee of the Local Board contains a state- 
 ment of the cost of the work and some specifications, but makes 
 no recommendation as to the approval of the plan. 
 
 These reports were referred to the Director-General for con- 
 sideration, and a report thereon will be found in the report of the 
 Director-General submitted at this meeting. 
 
 A communication from Mr. E. F. Cragin, of Chicago, was 
 considered, asking that the North American Guarantee & Com- 
 mission Company be endorsed by the Executive Committee as 
 
160 World'' s Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third ses- an accent to represent the Commission and its exhibitors in the 
 
 Blon— First * '■ 
 
 ^"y- transportation and insurance of goods forwarded for exhibition. 
 
 In reference to this the Committee adopted the following 
 resolution : 
 
 Resolved^ That it is the sense of the Executive Committee 
 that no such endorsement should be given, and that no such 
 power should be delegated to any person or persons, but that the 
 Commission should retain control of all such intercourse. 
 
 The Committee adopted the following resolution in refer- 
 ence to awards : 
 
 Resolved, That a committee of four be appointed to confer 
 with a like committee from the Exposition Directory to recom- 
 mend to this Committee and to the Exposition Directory whether 
 awards shall be granted, and what character of awards shall be 
 made, if any. 
 By-Laws of At their meeting on October 20, the Committee adopted the 
 
 the Execu- '^ ^ 
 
 mmee^^"^*' ^ollowing By-Laws for their government : 
 
 Article I. 
 Officers. 
 The officers of this Committee shall consist of a Chairman, 
 Vice-Chairman, and Secretary, and such other officers as shall, 
 from time to time, be provided for by the Committee. 
 
 Article II. 
 
 Duties of Officers. 
 
 The Chairman shall preside over all the meetings of the 
 Committee, and shall appoint all committees, unless other- 
 wise directed, and, generally, perform such duties as devolve 
 upon the presiding officers of deliberative bodies. In the 
 absence of the Chairman, the Vice-Chairman shall perform 
 the duties of the Chairman, and in the absence of both 
 Chairman and Vice-Chairman, the Committee may be called 
 to order by the Secretary, and appoint a Chairman pro tern. 
 The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the Committee, 
 and shall keep, in a book prepared for that purpose, a true and 
 fair record of all such meetings, and shall have charge of all 
 books, documents, and papers which properly belong to his 
 
 office. 
 
 Article III. 
 
 Meetings of the Committee. 
 
 Meetings shall be held upon the call of the Chairman, and 
 such call therefor may be made on his motion, and shall be made 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 161 
 
 at the written request of eisfht members of the Committee, and Third ses- 
 
 ^ ^ ' slon— First 
 
 reasonable notice of the time and place of each meeting shall be ^^J- 
 given to each member of the Committee. In the absence of the 
 Chairman, the Vice-Chairman shall have power to convene the 
 Committee. 
 
 Article IV. 
 
 Quo mm. 
 
 Not less than fourteen members shall constitute a quorum 
 for the transaction of business, but a less number may adjourn, 
 from time to time, pending the arrival of a quorum, when the 
 Committee has been properly summoned. 
 
 Article V. 
 
 Order of Business. 
 ist. Roll-call. 
 
 2d. Reading, correction, and approval of minutes. 
 3d. Consideration of communications before the Committee. 
 4th. Reports of officers of the Committee. 
 5th. Reports of sub-committees, in order. 
 6th. Reports of standing committees. 
 7th. Unfinished business. 
 8th. Motions, resolutions, and new business. 
 All reports shall be made in writing, and all motions and 
 resolutions, if the Chairman so direct, shall also be in writing. 
 
 Article VI. 
 
 Amendments. 
 
 These By-Laws may be altered, amended, or suspended by 
 the recorded consent of not less than fourteen members of the 
 Committee, at any meeting of the Committee. 
 
 Director-General's Report. 
 
 At the same meeting the Director-General submitted to the Report of 
 Committee the following report: or-oeneraL 
 
 To the President and Members of the Executive Committee^ World's 
 Columbian Commission: 
 
 Gentlemen: I have the honor to respectfully report that 
 immediately on the adjournment of the Executive Committee, 
 temporary offices were secured in the Pullman Building for the 
 transaction of business under my charge. The offices in this 
 building are inadequate. I have not been informed of their ex- 
 pense, but understand that they are only rented by the month. 
 
162 World^s Columbian Commission. 
 
 ^Son-¥fr8t Believing that we should seek quarters more ample for our 
 
 ^*^- acommodation, and in the immediate vicinity of the Local Corpo- 
 ration, after consultation with President Palmer and Secretary 
 Dickinson, I informed the Local Corporation that we should join 
 them in the selection of a joint headquarters, the Commission to 
 pay pro rata for the space occupied. 
 
 Many buildings were inspected, and the one most acceptable 
 was the Rand-McNally Building. The fourth and fifth floors of 
 this building have not yet been divided into offices. It is thought 
 that the fourth floor will be sufficient for the accommodation of 
 the Commission and the Local Board. This floor will contain 
 about 15,000 square feet for offices, and will be arranged so as to 
 contain an assembly room, for the use of the Executive Com- 
 mittees, and the remaining portion arranged in offices to suit the 
 convenience of both organizations. The rent will be $16,000 
 per annum for one year, with the privilege of three years. 
 
 The fourth floor of this building is to be fitted up as offices, 
 and it is intended that, if at any time additional room is required, 
 the overflow could be accommodated on the fifth floor. 
 
 This building is thoroughly fire-proof, is new, is located on 
 Adams Street, just west of La Salle, and convenient to business. 
 
 It is believed to be of interest to the Exposition that the 
 Executive offices of both organizations be located in the same 
 building. 
 
 The offices can be prepared for occupancy by January i, 
 1891. 
 
 Organization. 
 
 Following in the line of those Expositions which have been 
 successful heretofore, also in conformity with the writings and 
 reports of those experienced in the conduct of great Expositions, 
 to which I have given careful thought and study, and in con- 
 formity with my own experience in business matters, I am of the 
 opinion that time and money will be saved and efficiency pro- 
 moted by conducting the business we have before us through 
 administrative departments or bureaus. I do not comprehend 
 how it is possible to attempt to carry out the work, the magni- 
 tude of which I feel is not fully appreciated, in any other 
 manner. I can call to mind at this moment many instances 
 where another method has been adopted which subsequently had 
 to be changed to the administrative system to prevent failure. 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 163 
 
 I believe we should profit by the experience of other Expo- Thjrd_se8- ^ 
 sitions and adopt the system which has universally proved a ^^y- 
 success. This system will vitalize the energy of every officer 
 and committee that you have elected or appointed. It will give 
 to each something to do and prevent the work assigned to an 
 officer or committee being interfered with by another. It will 
 lessen expense, avoid confusion, give character, dignity, and 
 confidence to this enterprise. 
 
 The active and willing members of committees will be in 
 close communication and consultation with the chief of 
 the bureaus, or the superintendent of a department or sub- 
 department with which it has to do, and each committee will 
 be stimulated to extra exertion to make theirs the most 
 attractive and successful department, and a keen sense of 
 responsibility will be thus secured. 
 
 To this end I believe the work should be divided into 
 bureaus, somewhat as follows: 
 
 1. Bureau Foreign Department. 
 
 2. Bureau Installation, which will also include manufactures 
 in Department J. 
 
 3. Bureau Agriculture, covering Departments A, C, and D. 
 
 4. Bureau Horticulture, Department B. 
 
 5. Bureau Mines and Mining, Department E. 
 
 6. Bureau Machinery, Department F. 
 
 7. Bureau Electricity, Department H. 
 
 8. Bureau Education, covering Departments L and M. 
 
 9. Bureau Railways, Department G. 
 
 10. Bureau Awards. 
 
 11. Bureau Admissions. 
 
 12. Bureau Protection. 
 
 13. Bureau Press and Information. 
 
 14. Bureau Engineering and Construction. 
 
 15. Bureau Transportation. 
 
 16. Bureau Printing, Stationery, and Supplies; and the neces- 
 sary superintendents for departments and sub-departments of 
 each bureau. 
 
 The work of several of the foregoing bureaus will mainly be 
 within the entire control of the Local Board, subject to ttie gen- 
 eral supervision of the Commission. 
 
 The Foreign Department should be under the immediate 
 supervision and attached to the office of the Director-General. 
 
164 World's Columbian Commission, 
 
 Third See- The assistants or secretaries for this Bureau should be provided 
 
 slon— Firit ^ 
 
 ^*y- for, that, when the necessity requires the appointment, no delay 
 should ensue. 
 
 The Bureau of Installation should be created at once. This 
 Bureau will take charge of the correspondence with exhibitors, 
 supply them with blank applications, and distribute the classifica- 
 tion, furnish all data, rules, and regulations pertaining to the 
 Exposition, and allot space, and install Department of Manu- 
 factures. This Bureau will also perform much of the prelimi- 
 nary work of other bureaus until a necessity exists for their 
 creation. 
 
 The Bureau of Horticulture should be organized imme- 
 diately. 
 
 The Bureau of Fine Arts should be organized immediately. 
 
 The Bureau of Printing, Stationery, and Supplies should be 
 immediately created, and the printing, stationery, and supplies 
 for the Commission and for the Local Corporation should be 
 filled under one and the same contract. 
 
 The Bureau of Press and Information should be immedi- 
 ately created, and the necessity for its creation has existed for 
 some time. 
 
 The Superintendent of Music, under the Bureau of Edu- 
 cation, should be appointed. 
 
 The Bureau of Transportation is regarded by the Local 
 Corporation as a necessity, and so thoroughly was I impressed 
 with this belief, a Traffic Manager was appointed, and assigned 
 to this duty, of which further reference will be made in supple- 
 mental report. 
 
 Work of the Office. 
 
 The following appointments have been made and are respect- 
 fully submitted for the approval of the Executive Committee: 
 
 Mr. E. E. Jaycox as Traffic Manager, compensation five 
 thousand dollars ($5,000) per annum, to be paid by the Local 
 Corporation. 
 
 Gen. F. C. Armstrong, as aid to the Director-General. 
 This officer will be sent to the different States to communicate 
 with Commissioners, assist in organization, and perform such 
 other duties as may be required. I recommend that his salary 
 be fixed by the Committee, and provision made for its payment, 
 and also for the payment of his expenses. 
 
Minutes of the Third Session, 165 
 
 I have appointed a chief cleric for my office, and require Third ses- 
 
 ^^ -- ' -1 slon— First 
 
 further assistance, such as clerks, stenographers, and typewriters, ^^y- 
 and respectfully request the Committee to fix the salary of the 
 chief clerk, and authorize the necessary help for the office and its 
 incidental expenses. 
 
 A more comprehensive and systematic organization than 
 now exists is required for the prompt and economical transaction 
 of our work. 
 
 The Commission and the Local Corporation should come to 
 a thorough understanding on a business basis; the questions 
 affecting the rights and jurisdiction of each will, I believe, be 
 easily determined if the success of the Exposition is constantly 
 kept in view by all. 
 
 (Signed) Geo. R. Davis, Director- General. 
 
 I'he foreQ:oin(r report of the Director-General was consid- Appoint- 
 
 ^ * ^ inentsby 
 
 ered, and the Committee proceeded to the confirmation of the ^^^^^^l^^ 
 appointments that had been made by Director-General Davis, as 
 set forth in his report, to wit: The appointment of Mr. E. E. 
 Jaycox as Traffic Manager, General Frank C. Armstrong as aid 
 to the Director-General, and Mr. Geo. S. Miles as Chief Clerk 
 in the Director-General's office. 
 
 The appointments of General Armstrong and Mr. Miles 
 were confirmed. 
 
 The vote was then taken upon the confirmation t)f the 
 appointment of Mr. Jaycox as Traffic Manager, and the appoint- 
 ment was confirmed. 
 
 Commissioner Euclid Martin filed the following protest 
 against the confirmation of Mr. Jaycox as Traffic Manager, and 
 his reasons therefor: 
 
 I protest against the adoption of so much of the report of 
 the Director-General as refers to the confirmation by the Execu- 
 tive Committee of his appointment of E. E. Jaycox as Traffic 
 Manager. Not that I, in any manner, question the qualifications 
 of Mr. Jaycox for filling the position, but for the following reasons: 
 
 First. That the appointment of Traffic Manager by the 
 Director-General without consultation with either the Chairma:i 
 of or the Committee on Tariffs and Transportation, is contrary 
 to the plan of the organization of the World's Columbian Com- 
 mission as outlined by its action at the meetings held in this city 
 in June and September, at which times the principle was clear! .' 
 establi.shed that the work of conducting the Exposition, and thj 
 
 12 
 
166 TFb?7d'5 Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third ses- responsibility of same, was in the hands of the Commission 
 
 eion— First ' -' ' 
 
 ^"y through its various committees. 
 
 Second. For the reason that there was no such exigency 
 existing as would warrant an exception being made of this par- 
 ticular position, and that the selection at this time of a Traffic 
 Manager, before the organization of the bureau which he is to 
 serve, has the appearance of making an exception, and can not 
 but be construed as lacking in courtesy to the Committee on 
 Tariffs and Transportation. 
 
 Euclid Martin, 
 Member Coj?imittee o?? Tariffs and Transportation. 
 
 Before the appointment of Mr. Jaycox was confirmed the 
 Chairman of the Committee had received the following protest 
 from Commissioner V. D. Groner, Chairman of the Committee 
 on Tariffs and Transportation, which was read and ordered 
 entered upon the minutes of the Committee: 
 
 Committee on Tariffs and Transportation protest against the 
 appointment of Traffic Manager by the Director-General and 
 the Local Board. We ask the Executive Committee to defer 
 action until Committee on Transportation can be heard. Local 
 Board, of course, has the right to appoint whatever officers they 
 please, but they should not be made officers of the National 
 Commission, even though approved by Director-General, without 
 first letting standing committee have some option in the matter. 
 
 (Signed) V. D. Groner, 
 
 Chairman Committee on Tariffs aftd Transportation, 
 World's Columbian Comfuission. 
 
 Classification. 
 ciassifica- The Committee on Classification from time to time have 
 
 tlon Com- 
 mittee, made reports to the Executive Committee in reference to the 
 
 work of classification, but it is not deemed necessary to submit 
 
 these reports, as the Classification Committee will make a full 
 
 report to the Commission at this session. 
 
 Professor Blake, employed by the Classification Committee, 
 made a report which will be found on pages 48 and 49 of the 
 printed minutes of the Executive Committee. 
 
 Chairman F. J. V. Skiff, from the Committee on Mines and 
 I.Iinin":, submitted a communication which will be found on 
 pages 51 to 55 inclusive, of the printed minutes of the Execu- 
 tive Committee. 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 167 
 
 The Committee on Ceremonies submitted to the Executive Third ses- 
 
 Bion— First 
 
 Committee the following report, with the accompanying plan for ^"y- 
 the dedication ceremonies in October, 1892. 
 
 To the Executive Committee of tiie World's Columbian Com77iission: ^^^qx\,oi 
 
 tne Com- 
 
 Gentlemen : The Committee on Ceremonies met this day cp"Jmo°° 
 with a like Committee from the Local Directory, to whom they °*^^- 
 submitted the accompanying paper, outlining a system of 
 festivities for the dedication ceremonies. After an interchange 
 of views, upon the request of the Local Committee we ad- 
 journed until such time as their full Board could discuss the 
 matter. 
 
 As not only the dedication ceremonies, but those of the 
 opening of the Exposition, will require considerable thought and 
 a very considerable amount of labor, your Committee asks au- 
 thority to select a Secretary by whom, in connection with the 
 Chairman, the details of these festivities may be prepared, the 
 salary of the Secretary to be determined upon at the next meet- 
 ing of the Executive Committee when the Commission meets 
 again. 
 
 (Signed) Peter A. B. Widener, Ciiairman, 
 
 R. C. Kerens, 
 
 M. B. Harrison. 
 
 Plan for Dedication Ceremonies. 
 To t/ie Hon. Lyman T. Gage, President, and tiie Honorable Met?u- Proposed 
 
 , . Dedicatory 
 
 bers of tiie Executive Committee of tiie World's Columbian 'i^lT^^' 
 Exposition Association^ of Ciiicago: 
 
 Gentlemen: Section 9 of the Act of Congress creating 
 the World's Columbian Commission contains the following: 
 " That said Commission shall provide for the dedication of the 
 buildings of the World's Columbian Exposition, in said City of 
 Chicago, on the twelfth day of October, one thousand eight hun- 
 dred and ninety-two, witii appropriate ceremonies,'' etc. 
 
 The Director- General informs us that these buildings will be 
 completed and ready for dedication on that date, as required by 
 law. In view of the fact that if these dedication ceremonies 
 only last one day, and are a free show, they will probably entail 
 a very large outlay of money, we desire to submit for your con- 
 sideration a plan that will provide an adequate fund with which 
 to entertain all the distinguished guests on that occasion, and 
 
168 World^s Cohimbian Commission, 
 
 Third See- that will make the ceremonies ten-fold more brilliant and impos- 
 
 slon— First ^ 
 
 Day. jfjg than they otherwise would be. 
 
 The plan is to give, on the grounds and in the buildings, 
 a great inter-State and international military encampment and 
 international band contest, in honor of the dedication of the 
 buildings of the World's Columbian Exposition, opening on the 
 first Monday in October, 1892, and closing a few days 
 after the 12th of October, 1892, lasting about ten days, and 
 making the 12th of October, as required by law, the dedication 
 day. If the festivities were to last only one day, we would hardly 
 be able to secure a complete military representation from each 
 State, outside of possibly the Governor and his staff officers, but 
 if the celebration is made a great inter-State competitive drill 
 and international military encampment and band contest, 
 offering the largest prizes that have ever been offered in the 
 history of this country, all the first-class military companies in 
 the United States and the finest bands of music will participate, 
 together with at least a military escort and one famous band of 
 music from every nation on earth. 
 
 If the Executive Committee of the Local Directory will 
 adopt this plan, we will be able to give the grandest military and 
 musical event of the age, entertaining all the distinguished guests 
 in a satisfactory manner, making enough money to pay all 
 expenses, and probably being able to turn back into the treasury 
 of the Local Directory at least one hundred and fifty thousand 
 dollars. We ought to have a daily attendance of from one to two 
 hundred thousand people for ten days, which would be from one 
 to two million people, at fifty cents admission, amounting to half 
 a million or a million dollars, and all the expenses ought not to 
 be more than three hundred and fifty thousand dollars, thereby 
 realizing quite a handsome surplus. But, if we should only pay 
 expenses, we will have saved to the World's Fair enterprise a 
 large sum of money, which will have to be expended in entertain- 
 ing distinguished guests from Washington City, from every State 
 in the Union, and from every nation on earth, if the dedication 
 lasts only a day and is a free entertainment. 
 
 Several of the leading representatives of the National Guard 
 of the various States have already suggested a great military 
 encampment during the six months of the World's Fair, but the 
 officers of the Exposition will be so occupied in arranging for 
 the innumerable exhibits of the products and industries of the 
 soil, mine, and sea from all over the world, and supervising the 
 
Minutes of the TMrd Session. 169 
 
 civic departments and attractions of the Fair, that we would not Third se». 
 
 ^ _ ' _ 8lon— First 
 
 be able to give a military encampment during the Fair the proper ^^y- 
 recosfnition that it should have. It is on this account that the 
 Committee on Ceremonies of the National Commission suggest 
 that this great military show and band contest be given at 
 the dedication celebration, and be made strictly military and 
 musical, having no industrial parades or civic shows during the 
 dedication, as they more appropriately belong to the Exposition. 
 
 We would therefore request the Executive Committee of the 
 World's Columbian Exposition Directory to consider the advis- 
 ability of adopting this plan as a basis for the dedication cere- 
 monies, and to agree to offer $100,000 for prizes for the military 
 companies and bands of music to compete for, and also to agree 
 to set aside $100,000 additional for the preliminary expenses in 
 preparing for this dedication celebration, requesting, at the same 
 time, that your Executive Committee select a Committee on Cere- 
 monies, composed of eight Directors, to cooperate with the 
 Committee of the National Commission; and that the two com- 
 mittees be the Governing Board, with power to recommend a 
 General Manager, to be appointed by the Director-General, and 
 such other agents and employes as may be needed to proceed at 
 once to prepare for this dedication celebration. 
 
 We kave only two years in which to do this work, and from 
 our experience with celebrations of this kind, we are of the opin- 
 ion that we have no time to lose to make it the brilliant and im- 
 posing affair that it should be. 
 
 After these two Committees have conferred fully, mapped 
 out plans, etc., and chosen proper officers and agents to get up 
 these dedication ceremonies, we would suggest that a meeting be 
 held in Chicago, at an early -date, of the best military talent in 
 the country from among the National Guard and the United 
 States Army, say a gathering of forty or fifty men for a week, 
 who will prepare the prospectus of the military encampment, and 
 also the military prize-list. In due course of time an interest 
 will have been aroused in the various States in behalf of the Co- 
 lumbian Exposition, and the same men who work for the World's 
 Fair, both at home and abroad, can also work for this dedication 
 celebration. 
 
 After the prospectus and prize-lists have been sent out to 
 the military companies of this country and to foreign govern- 
 ments, this joint Committee can then engage the services of a 
 musical director, a man of recognized genius among musicians. 
 
170 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third ses- who Can invitc a few of the 2:reat band-masters of the world, like 
 
 8lon— First '^ . 
 
 Day- Gilmore and others, to come to this city and prepare the prize- 
 lists for the great band contests, together with the prospectus 
 which will be sent out to all the bands of the world. In the opin- 
 ion of this Committee, there never was such a favorable opportu- 
 nity as this for making an international military encampment and 
 international band contest such a complete success, both finan- 
 cially and otherwise, as can be made in connection with the 
 Columbian Exposition. 
 
 As before stated, the buildings are to be completed in time 
 for the dedication, and representatives of the Exposition will be 
 at work everywhere at least a year before this dedication occurs, 
 all of whom can act as agents in urging military companies and 
 bands of music to compete for the great prizes to be offered. If 
 the weather should happen to be unpropitiousat the timeof hold- 
 ing this celebration, October, 1892, the main building and other 
 buildings being entirely completed, the competitive drilling of 
 the military companies can take place, if necessary, in these 
 o;io:antic building^s, because none of the exhibits which are to be 
 placed in these buildings and on the grounds will begin to arrive 
 until after this dedication celebration is over. 
 
 The band contests can also occur in the Exposition build- 
 ings, and a few great band-masters can bring to Chicago bauds 
 of music from all over the world that can be massed together 
 and that will aggregate from two to three thousand musicians. 
 The music will have been sent out to the bands several months 
 in advance, which they will rehearse, and a consolidated band of 
 several thousand pieces will play the same music, the national 
 airs of every country and other popular and inspiring melodies. 
 
 We have not gone into the details of the numberless minor 
 but brilliant attractions that can also be made a part of the dedi- 
 cation ceremonies, as these matters can be considered later on, as 
 the plans for the dedication entertainment are more fully 
 developed. 
 
 Such a celebration, of the magnitude that we suggest, will 
 enable the World's Fair management to have a rehearsal, as it 
 were, the fall before the Exposition opens, to test the transpor- 
 tation facilities to and from the grounds to the city, the capacity 
 for satisfactorily taking care of visitors in Chicago, for policing 
 the grounds, the city, etc., and, in fact, a complete rehearsal, six 
 months before the opening of the Exposition. Such a rehearsal 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 171 
 
 would be of incalculable value in the successful management of "^'J/on-rS^st 
 the World's Columbian Exposition. °^y- 
 
 We would have here at that time several thousand soldiers 
 composed of the flower of the militia of the country, each of 
 whom would return to his home after the 12th of October an 
 enthusiastic advertiser of the World's Fair, besides the enormous 
 advertisement that would accrue from the attendance of from 
 one to two million people during the ten days of the interna- 
 tional encampment, and also the financial benefits that would 
 accrue to the City of Chicago by the presence in this city for 
 ten days of several hundred thousand strangers. 
 All of which is respectfully submitted. 
 
 P. A. B. WiDENER, Chairman, 
 
 R. C. Kerens, 
 
 M. B. Harrison, 
 
 I^or the Committee on Ceremonies. 
 
 m 
 
 After considering the foregoing report, the Committee 
 adopted the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved, That the report be referred back to the Commit- 
 tee on Ceremonies for such further action as they may see fit 
 to take, and report at such time as they may deem proper, 
 with power to act and to appoint a Secretary. 
 
 Lady Managers. 
 In reference to the orQ^anization of the Board of Lady Man- Report on 
 
 '^ ^ the Board 
 
 agers, the Committee adopted the following resolutions: Managers. 
 
 Resolved, That Hon. Thomas W. Palmer, President, be and 
 he is hereby respectfully requested to call a meeting of the Board 
 of Lady Managers, in the City of Chicago, on the 19th of Novem- 
 ber, 1890, for the purpose of organization and the transaction of 
 such other business as may come before said Board. 
 
 Resolved, furthe?\ That Hon. Thomas W. Palmer, President, 
 and Hon. John T. Dickinson, Secretary, are requested to make 
 arrangements to secure a suitable hall in which said Board of 
 Lady Managers can hold their daily meetings. 
 
 Resolved, further, That Hon. Thomas W. Palmer, President, 
 is requested to call said Board of Lady Managers to order at 
 12 o'clock M., on said 19th of November next, and preside until 
 they shall have elected a Chairman and Secretary, and that Hon. 
 John T. Dickinson, Secretary, is directed to officiate as secretary 
 on said 19th of November next until they shall have elected 
 their Chairman and Secretary. 
 
172 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third See- Rcsolved, further, That it is the sense of the Executive 
 
 Day Committee that the law of Congress authorizes the organization 
 
 of the Board of Lady Managers at an early date, and the Presi- 
 dent of this Commission, Hon. Thomas W. Palmer, is authorized 
 and requested to communicate with the Secretary of the Treasury 
 and request, on behalf of this Commission, favorable construc- 
 tion of the Act of Congress relative to the subsistence and 
 transportation of the Board of Lady Managers for the meeting 
 of said Board on November 19, 1890. 
 
 Resolved, further, That the President shall not issue the call 
 above mentioned until he receives information from the Secretary 
 of the Treasury that the subsistence and transportation for the 
 members of the Board of Lady Managers have been allowed. 
 
 Resolved, further. That a committee of two be appointed by 
 the President to proceed to Washington to take up this subject 
 with the Secretary of the Treasury, in order to secure a prompt 
 decision. 
 
 In compliance with the foregoing resolutions, Commission- 
 ers Butt and Harris were appointed as a Committee to proceed 
 to Washington to interview the Secretary of the Treasury in re- 
 gard to the compensation of the Board of Lady Managers. 
 
 A communication was afterward received from the Secre- 
 tary of the Treasury, stating that each member of the Board of 
 Lady Managers, as now constituted numerically, will be allowed 
 necessary cost of transportation, and six dollars per day in lieu 
 of actual subsistence expenses, while necessarily absent from 
 home engaged on the business of the Commission, upon the 
 presentation of itemized accounts and vouchers as required by 
 law and the regulations issued thereunder. 
 
 Thereupon, in compliance with the resolution of the Execu- 
 tive Committee, the President of the Commission instructed the 
 Secretary to call a meeting of the Board of Lady Managers, to 
 be held in this city on November 19, 1890. 
 
 Secretary's Report. 
 Report of At the meeting on October 2 1 St, Secretary Dickinson sub- 
 
 tfie^secre- ^^^X^^^ the following report to the Executive Committee, which 
 was unanimously approved: 
 
 To the Executive Committee of the World's Columbian Commission: 
 Gentlemen: Li accordance with Article VHI of the By- 
 Laws of the Commission, giving me the power " to appoint such 
 assistant secretaries and select such clerical force as shall be 
 
Minuted of the Third Session. 173 
 
 necessary properly to conduct the business of the Commission, Third^ses- 
 subject to the approval of the Executive Committee," I beg leave '^^y 
 to submit the following report for the consideration of your 
 Committee: 
 
 This same By-Law requires the Secretary to ''conduct the 
 correspondence of the Commission and to keep a full and accu- 
 rate record of its proceeding's and those of the Executive Com- 
 mittee, and to make report of same from time to time as may 
 be required." This By-Law also requires the Secretary to "keep 
 all the accounts of the Commission and certify the same to the 
 Secretary of the Treasury for payment.'^ 
 
 A careful consideration of the immense amount of work 
 that will have to be done through the Secretary's department of 
 the National Commission will at once convince anyone that, in 
 addition to a large force of clerks, stenographers, and type- 
 writers, which will have to be increased as the work progresses, 
 I must have, for the successful and satisfactory discharge of the 
 duties of my office, at least two assistant secretaries — one as an 
 office assistant and the other as an assistant in the prompt and 
 efficient discharge of my duties in connection with the Executive 
 Committee. 
 
 I have selected for these two positions, subject to your 
 approval, two gentlemen, one from Pennsylvania and the other 
 from Tennessee, both highly indorsed by the most prominent 
 men in the country, and whose business ability and experience are 
 such as will at all times enable them to command the confidence 
 and esteem of every Commissioner and of the public generally. 
 
 I desire your approval of my appointment of Mr. Eben 
 Brewer, of Pennsylvania, as my office assistant, and Mr. A. B. 
 Hurt, of Tennessee, as Assistant Secretary of the Executive 
 Committee, to perform such other duties as I may direct when 
 the Executive Committee is not in session. I do not ask that 
 any salary be fixed for these gentlemen at this session of your 
 Committee, but only that their appointments be approved, recog- 
 nizing from my knowledge of their ability that after your Com- 
 mittee has met again, and you have seen their work and their 
 capacity, you can then fix their salaries commensurate with their 
 services, and I can say that this arrangement is entirely satisfac- 
 tory to them. 
 
 I submit herewith, for your approval, the pay-roll of the 
 clerks, stenographers, typewriters^ and messengers that are now 
 
174 World^s Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third ses- employed in my office, and which are necessary for the transaction 
 
 8ion— First ^ -^ '' ^ rr • 
 
 ^»v- . of business in a prompt and efficient manner. 
 I have the honor to be, 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 
 John T. Dickinson, 
 
 Secretary. 
 
 With the foregoing report was submitted a list of the em- 
 ployes in the Secretary's office, and their compensation, which 
 was approved. 
 
 The Committee, by resolution, appointed the President, 
 Director-General, and Vice-Chairman as a Sub-Committee to fix 
 the salaries of all the employes that may hereafter be needed in 
 the Secretary's office, and report same from time to time to the 
 Executive Committee for confirmation. 
 
 A communication from Mr. W. E. Curtis of the Department 
 of State, in reference to the exploitation of South America, was 
 received, a copy of which will be found on page 69 of the 
 printed official minutes of the Executive Committee. The Chair- 
 man understands that this communication was acted on by the 
 Committee on Foreign Affairs at its recernt meeting in New York 
 City, and will be reported upon by them at this session of the 
 Commission. 
 
 On November 14th, the Executive Committee accepted the 
 invitation to meet the Congressional Committee of the World's 
 Columbian Exposition at the Grand Pacific Hotel, where quite a 
 lengthy conference was held, but no definite action taken. 
 
 The Committee decided that all applications to the Secretary, 
 from Chairmen of Committees, for stenographers for temporary 
 use during this session of the National Commission, shall first be 
 submitted to the Sub-Committee, consisting of the Chairman and 
 Vice-Chairman of the Executive Committee and the Director 
 General, for such action as they may deem proper. 
 
 The Committee also decided that it should be the practice 
 of this Committee, and all Committees and Officers of the Com- 
 mission, when employing stenographers and having work done or 
 otherwise creating expense, to have same done by contract, when 
 practicable, 
 siteforthe The Committee at its session November 15th unanimously 
 
 Exposltlun. . ^ 
 
 adopted the following preamble and resolution: 
 
 Whereas, At the September meeting of the World's Colum- 
 bian Commission a resolution was unanimously passed by the 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 175 
 
 Commission expressinsf a desire for the location of the important Tiurd ses- 
 
 ^ =» '■ 8lon— First 
 
 part of the Exposition on Washington Park; that on receipt cf ^*y- 
 said resolution the Local Directory passed and presented to the 
 South Park Commissioners the following resolution: "That, in 
 the opinion of this Board, the honor of Chicago and the necessi- 
 ties of the Exposition alike require the adoption of Washington 
 Park as an important part of the site for the Columbian Expo- * 
 sition;" that the South Park Commissioners, on receipt of said 
 resolution, passed a resolution declaring '' that if after 
 considering their explanation the National Commission and 
 the Chicago Directory shall still insist that the honor of 
 Chicago demands, and the space needed for the Exposition 
 requires, that Washington Park be more closely identified 
 with the Exposition, and that to other sites be added the 
 area of Washington Park, the South Park Commissioners 
 will, on notice to such effect, immediately cause to be prepared, 
 and will pass, the ordinance necessary to comply with the request 
 now under consideration;" that on the receipt of this resolution 
 by the South Park Commissioners the National Commission and 
 the Chicago Directory each re-declared that in their opinion 
 the space needed for the Exposition did require that Wash- 
 ington Park should be so tendered; that, relying on said pledge 
 so made by the South Park Commissioners, the Chicago Direct- 
 ory made an unconditional tender of W^ashington Park to the 
 National Commission as an important part of the site for the 
 Exposition, which was unconditionally accepted by the Commis- 
 sion; that the South Park Commissioners did prepare and present 
 to said Directory an ordinance allowing the use of Washington 
 Park for the Exposition, but coupled to it a condition that no 
 trees should be removed, or permanent improvements or road- 
 ways disturbed, in its use without the consent of the South 
 Park Commissioners; that the Directors' architect has prepared 
 two or three plans for Exposition buildings, to be located on 
 Washington Park, all of which have been submitted to the 
 South Park Commissioners for their approval as to the trees 
 required to be removed, and the said South Park Commissioners 
 have declared, by resolution, their intention to prevent the 
 removal of the trees necessarily required in the proper use of 
 Washington Park for Exposition purposes; now, therefore, be it 
 
 Resolved, That the Executive Committee, on behalf of the 
 National Commission, respectfully, but positively and unanimously, 
 ask that the Directory obtain from the South Park Commissioners, 
 
176 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third See- without dclav, and before the meeting of the Commission on the 
 i^»y- 1 8th instant, an amendment of their ordmance grantmg the 
 unconditional use of Washington Park for an important part of 
 the Exposition, relying upon the pledge of the Directory and the 
 National Commission that no unnecessary damage shall be done 
 to the permanent improvements of the Park, and the bond of the 
 •Directory, already given, that they will indemnify said South Park 
 Commissioners against damage that may be done to said Park in 
 the use thereof for Exposition purposes; that unless such action 
 is taken by the South Park Commissioners before the meeting 
 of the National Commission on the i8th instant, we will feel con- 
 strained to recommend to the Commission that they reconsider 
 their several resolutions, heretofore by them adopted, accepting 
 the various sites, and await the ability and action of the Direc- 
 tory in making good their unconditional tender of Washington 
 Park as a site for the Exposition. 
 
 The following protest, from the Illinois State Board of 
 Agriculture, was laid before the Executive Committee at its 
 session on the 17th inst. : 
 
 Agricultural and Allied Industries at the World's 
 
 Fair. 
 luinoisstate The lUinois State Board of Agriculture, at its regular 
 
 Agricuit- meeting to-day, passed the following preamble and resolution, 
 ga?dr4 to which the attention of all kindred organizations and of all 
 igricuuu- others interested is respectfully called: 
 
 ral Display ,,-.-.. ^ , -r ^ ^^ 
 
 Whereas, The Board of Directors of the Local Corpora- 
 tion of the World's Columbian Exposition, charged with the 
 duty of presenting to the National Commission a site, together 
 with plans and specifications for the necessary Exposition build- 
 ings for the World's Fair of 1893, has decided to so present the 
 following as the basis of a partial site and partial distribution of 
 buildings and departments upon the Lake Front, asking approval 
 and adoption thereof by said National Commission, to-wit: 
 
 ''Resolved, That it is the sense of this Board of Directors that 
 there should be located upon the Lake Front these items of the 
 Exposition: 
 
 '' I. The Art Exhibit building, which shall contain all oil- 
 paintings, water-colors, engravings, and statuary that shall be 
 exhibited at the World's Columbian Exposition. 
 
 "2. The Decorative Art building, which shall contain all 
 jewelry, diamonds, watches, gold and silver ornaments, clocks, 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. J 77 
 
 bronzes, embroideries, tapestries, rugs, Persian carpets, china, Third sei- 
 bric-a-brac, gold and silver ware, and all other articles intended ^*y- 
 for the decoration of the person, table, or house that shall be 
 exhibited at the World's Columbian Exposition. 
 
 ''3. The building in which shall be displayed the exhibit of 
 electrical appliances and devices. 
 
 "4. Government Departmental exhibits, including exhibits 
 from the State Department, Treasury Department, War Depart- 
 ment, Navy Department, Interior Department, Post-Office 
 Department, Department of Justice, Smithsonian Institution, 
 and National Museum and Fish and Fisheries Department. 
 
 "5. Musical Hall. 
 
 " 6. The Water Palace, if any. 
 
 '* 7, A portion of certain miniature villages and settlements 
 of curious nationalities, such as Indian, Egyptian, Persian, Cen- 
 tral African, Chinese, Japanese, Armenian, Russian, and others. 
 
 ^'8. An Aquarium building. 
 
 " 9. An electric fountain, and other exhibits analogous to the 
 foregoing, or supplementary thereto, and necessary to make the 
 Lake Front exhibition equal in interest and attractiveness to the 
 other portions of the Fair." 
 
 Whereas, The plan of distribution, as outlined above, con- 
 templates a dismemberment of the World's Fair not only un- 
 necessary and utterly unjustifiable, but involving a reckless, if 
 not culpable, disregard of the interests which we represent, and 
 which form the very basis of all civilization, progress, culture, 
 and wealth of nations and people in every department of human 
 activity; and. 
 
 Whereas, The law of Congress organizing the National 
 World's Fair Commission invests that Commission with plenary 
 powers of approval and rejection in all matters pertaining to site, 
 buildings, and conduct of said Fair in general and detail, thus 
 charging the Commission with a responsibility to the people 
 which can not be modified, and from which there is no honorable 
 escape, therefore. 
 
 Resolved^ That the Illinois State Board of Agriculture, in the 
 name of agriculture and its allied industries throughout the 
 world, confidently appeals to the intelligent appreciation, pure 
 motives, and perfect good faith of our National Commission, to 
 prevent any dismemberment whatever of the departments of the 
 proposed Fair, and in any event and at any cost to avert the dis- 
 
178 Wo?^Id's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third s.'s- gracc and disaster which, under any such plan as quoted above, 
 Day" or any approach to it, would, in our deliberate judgment, be 
 inevitable. 
 
 The following report from the Director-General was sub- 
 mitted to the Executive Committee at its session on the 17th 
 inst., and with accompanying papers was ordered referred to the 
 Commission : 
 
 Office of the Director-General, 
 
 November 17, 1890. 
 Report of T^ the President and Members of the Executive Coinmiitee, World's 
 
 the Direct- ... 
 
 or-Genera'. C oluvibian Com77iission: 
 
 Official Headquarters. 
 
 Gentlemen : I have the honor to report that in conformity 
 with the instructions of the Executive Committee the President, 
 Vice-Chairman, Secretary, and the Director-General visited and 
 examined the accommodations for offices of the Commission 
 offered by the proprietors of the Rand-McNally building. 
 Being satisfied that they were central as to location, ample as to 
 space, and reasonable as to rental, the Committee advised the 
 Local Board that the Commission would join the Board of 
 Directors in securing the quarters. The offices are now being 
 prepared, and will be in readiness for occupancy by the ist of 
 January. 
 
 Underground Mining Display. 
 
 Under- In the matter of the proposition for undererround mining 
 
 CTOund r 1 e> & 
 
 Di°pia^v display to be provided by Mr. E. F. Browne, referred for consider- 
 ation and report, it is respectfully submitted that it appears from 
 the record that a Sub-Committee appointed by the Commission 
 has already recommended that said exhibit be an adjunct to the 
 World's Fair, the details of its regulations and control to be 
 referred to the Executive Committee of the Commission and the 
 Board of Directors. 
 
 The proposition is to locate the shaft upon the Lake Front, 
 and present a mining exhibit some 500 feet below the surface. 
 
 I understand that the stockholders of the company which 
 proposes to sink the shaft are responsible and well-known people. 
 
 If desired by the Board of Directors, and sufficient guaran- 
 tees are given to secure a safe and satisfactory exhibit, I see no 
 special objection to the enterprise. 
 
Minutes of the Third Session, 17^ 
 
 I am unofficially aware that this subject has not yet received Third_s^8p^^ 
 the favorable indorsement of the Board of Directors, which I i^«>- 
 believe it should receive before further action is taken by the 
 Executive Committee. 
 
 Departmental Organization. 
 
 In the matter of Departmental Organization, no action has ^X°*,^fi)e- 
 been taken during the recess of the Committee. The Board P«"ment8. 
 of Directors, upon the recommendation of the Sub-Committee 
 which met in a conference with a Sub-Committee of this Execu- 
 tive Committee, adopted the plan set forth, with slight and un- 
 important alterations, with the exception that it did not provide 
 for the Bureau of Admissions, and of Protection, which was con- 
 templated by the joint report of the Committee of Conference. 
 It was the opinion of the Board of Directors that probably these 
 bureaus would not be called into existence for a year or 
 more, and that it was thought best to defer action upon them. 
 Believing that the adoption of the report of the Conference 
 Committee by the Executive Committees of the Commission 
 and Board of Directors established the plan of methods and 
 agencies to be employed in the prosecution of the work, and that 
 the National Commission was recognized as having supervisory 
 powers in the several departments of administration, and that 
 reports should be made to it from every department connected 
 with the Exposition, in order that the Commission should at all 
 times have sufficient information to insure an intelligent super- 
 vision in any department when, in the interest of the Exposition, 
 it should be called upon to act, and also to enable the Commis- 
 sion to conform to the Act of Congress wherein it is made the 
 duty of the Commission to make report from time to time to the 
 President of the United States of the progress of the work, and 
 in a final report present a full exhibit of the results of the Expo- 
 sition, I deemed it my duty to make respectful protest to the 
 appointment by the Board of Directors of a Chief of Construc- 
 tion, the duties of which officer were specified as follows in the 
 resolution creating the office : 
 
 '' The Chief of Construction shall have general charge of the 
 construction of buildings, the supervision of the designs therefor, 
 the preparation of the grounds and engineering incident to a 
 proper prosecution of the entire work. He shall have supervis- 
 ion of buildings erected by outside parties and of the mainte- 
 nance of all buildings belonging to the Exposition Company. 
 
180 World^s ColuTRbian Commission. 
 
 Third See He shall examine all bids and propositions for work under his 
 
 sion— First ^ ^ 
 
 ^^y- control, and recommend to the Committee on Buildings and 
 Grounds for approval such as commend themselves to his judg- 
 ment. He shall, subject to the approval of the Committee on 
 Buildings and Grounds, organize Bureaus of Architecture, 
 Engineering, Landscape Gardening, Sanitation, etc., and shall, 
 subject to the approval of the Committee, hire and dismiss all 
 employes in his department and fix the compensation for their 
 services. He shall report to the Committee from time to time 
 the progress of the work, and shall perform such other duties as 
 the Committee may assign to him." 
 
 The Board of Directors continued their Sub-Committee for 
 any further conference that might be required, in the same 
 manner as did this Committee continue theirs. 
 
 It is therefore respectfully suggested that a further confer- 
 ence be held, that the methods and agencies through which the 
 work is to be performed may be, as far as is practicable, deter- 
 mined upon, and some general plan adopted. In this connec- 
 tion I wish to say, that there is no reason to believe that by the 
 adoption of the resolution creating this office of Chief of Con- 
 struction that the Board of Directors intended any discourtesy 
 to the Commission, or to myself. 
 
 State Organization. 
 organiza- J havc recently forwarded to the members of the National 
 
 tlon of -' 
 
 the'sever- Commission a suggestion of plan for organization to secure an 
 
 ai states, g^j-ij^j^ ^^^j ^-q promote the interests of the Exposition in the 
 
 various States and Territories and District of Columbia. 
 
 Herewith is submitted a copy of this plan, which is entirely 
 suggestive in its character, and would request that this* Com- 
 mittee transmit the same to the Commission for consideration, 
 as it is believed this subject is of such serious and immediate im- 
 portance that it should be fully and freely discussed by the Com- 
 mission in order that the views of Commissioners from different 
 sections of the Union may be obtained on the question, and their 
 hearty cooperation enlisted in some plan of State organization. 
 In this connection, and in view of the fact that a majority of 
 the Legislatures meet this winter, it is suggested that your Com- 
 mittee recommend to the Commission that the Director-General 
 be given the authority to request Commissioners at the proper 
 time to proceed to their respective Capitals to induce their 
 Governors to recommend in their messages an adequate appro- 
 priation for State Exhibits, and also introduce suitable bills in the 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 181 
 
 Legislatures looking to this end, and that the Commissioners be Third scs- 
 
 ,, , , . ^ . • sioii— First 
 
 allowed their expenses for transportation and subsistence for ^>^y- 
 such time as the Director-General, with the approval of the Ex- 
 ecutive Committee, may designate. 
 
 It is desired that the Commissioners should also assist in 
 carrying out some suitable plan for State Organization, at their 
 earliest convenience, and to commence not later than the 15th of 
 next month. 
 
 Advisory Staff. 
 
 As an additional and powerful means of securing the y^^y ""^luVp^JJ 
 highest order of intelligence and experience to cooperate in the ^''^^^' 
 management of the Columbian Exposition, I would respectfully 
 request this committee to recommend to the Commission that an 
 Advisory Board be created, to be known as an Advisory Staff to 
 the Director-General, to be absolutely and purely honorary, the 
 membership to be limited to five from this country and five from 
 foreign countries, and that the members of said Board be nomi- 
 nated by the Director-General and confirmed by the Executive 
 Committee of the National Commission and by the Executive 
 Committee of the Board of Directors. The requisites for nomi- 
 nation to be distinguished reputation for experience and success 
 in the management of great Expositions. 
 
 I believe that such a courtesy bestowed upon the Directors- 
 General of the Philadelphia Centennial and of the Paris Expo- 
 sition, and upon similar officers in this and other countries, 
 would cause a deeper interest to be taken by these officers in the 
 success and welfare of this Exposition than all the pecuniary 
 emoluments that could be offered to them. They have passed 
 through the tremendous mental and physical effort of the man- 
 agement of World's Expositions, and it is believed their wide 
 field of information and their varied experience could be ob- 
 tained by means of the courtesy proposed. 
 
 Rules and Regulations. 
 
 In view of the fact that the Classification is expected to be ^^poioS^ 
 reported at this session and given to the public, I submit here- posiuon.'^' 
 with blank forms, which I have had prepared in reference to 
 applications for space, with general rules and regulations to be 
 printed on the back, also circulars giving the general rules and 
 regulations for the information of persons intending to exhibit. 
 
 13 
 
182 World's Columbian Comviisslon. 
 
 TMird s,H- One of the circulars is specially framed for the Foreign Exhib- 
 
 8lon— First , . . . . . j ^ ^.u 
 
 ^^y- iters. Realizing the desire for uiformation in regard to the 
 custom service, and what is necessary for them to do in order to 
 avoid petty annoyances and delay, usually caused by not having 
 the proper information, I have had a circular drafted to be sub- 
 mitted to the Treasury, and, after making such changes as may 
 be necessary to conform to the rulings of the Treasury Depart- 
 ment, he will cause the same to be issued. We can then have 
 certified copies printed in circular form to be forwarded to all 
 Foreign Commissioners. 
 
 The general rules are framed on the supposition that awards 
 will be given. If awards are not given, that part referring to 
 awards can be stricken out. 
 
 These forms and circulars have been prepared for the con- 
 sideration of the Executive Committee of the Commission; they 
 should also receive the consideration of the Executive Commit- 
 tee of the Board of Directors, and it is suggested that a special 
 committee of two (2) from this Committee be appointed to meet 
 a like committee of the Board of Directors to pass upon the 
 
 same. 
 
 Respectfully submitted, 
 
 (Signed) George R. Davis, 
 
 Director- General. 
 
 A copy of a letter from the Secretary of the Treasury, 
 addressed to Hon. Chauncey M. Depew, relative to the use by 
 the Foreign Affairs Committee of the appropriation of $20,000, 
 made in Section 12 of the Act of Congress, was considered by 
 the Committee and referred to a sub-committee consisting of 
 Messrs. Britton, Sewell, and Thacher, for report thereon at a 
 subsequent meeting of the Committee. 
 
 This Sub-Committee has made report to the Executive 
 Committee on the above and the resolution adopted by the 
 Committee, in reference to the same, will be laid before the 
 Commission in a subsequent report. 
 
 The foregoing report contains all matters of importance that 
 have been considered by the Executive Committee since the ad- 
 journment of the last session of the Commission, September 23, 
 1890, up to and including the meeting of the Executive Commit- 
 tee on November 17, 1890, all of which is respectfully submitted. 
 
 T. W. Palmer, 
 
 C/inirman. 
 
tion. 
 
 Minutes of the Tlilrd Session. 188 
 
 Mr. Deere, of Illinois, Ciiairmaii of the Committee on Clas- Third ses- 
 
 ' ' Blon— UrsL 
 
 sification, submitted the following report, accompanied by the °*^' 
 printed classification, a copy of which was laid upon the desk 
 of each member of the Commission. 
 
 Report of the Committee on Classification. 
 
 Chicago, HI., November i8, 1890. ^tKom- 
 
 Hon. Thos. W. Palmer, President World's Columbian Com- riassifica- 
 mission: 
 
 Sir: The Committee on Classification beg to submit here- 
 with its report of a system of classification for the World's 
 Columbian Exposition. In preparing this report your Commit- 
 tee has carefully examined the classifications used at all the great 
 expositions previously held, and also had the valuable counsel 
 and assistance of Prof. G. Brown Goode, of the Smithsonian 
 Institution, of Prof. William P. Blake, of Connecticut, and 
 many others. 
 
 Your Committee believes that the departments and groups 
 of this classification are sufficiently comprehensive to outline 
 the plan and scope of the Exposition. 
 
 The departments, groups, and classes have been prepared 
 with special reference to convenience of installation, and to 
 secure the proximity of kindred exhibits. 
 
 In view of the great importance of this subject, your Com- 
 mittee gave every detail of the matter its most careful consid- 
 eration, and herewith respectfully submits the result of its labors. 
 
 Charles H. Deere, Chairman^ Thoimas B. Keogh, 
 
 William McClellanl>, Secretary^ Charlton H. Way, 
 
 Lyman B. Goff, J no. D. Miles, 
 
 Martin Ryan, H. P. Platt, 
 
 M. H. i)E Young, Geo. F. Coats, 
 
 Thos. L. Williams, A. S. Mercer, 
 
 Thomas Smith, J. Hirst, 
 
 Thos. E. Garvin. 
 
 The foregoing report of the Committee on Classification 
 was ordered to be printed in the minutes and to lie upon the 
 table for future consideration. 
 
 The Secretary submitted a letter regarding the formalities to 
 be observed in making out vouchers for expenses and subsist- 
 ence, which was ordered to lie upon the table for future consid- 
 eration. 
 
184 Worhrs C(tlu'nthiaii Commission. 
 
 n.ini fei-8- Secretary Dickinson submitted the following detailed report 
 
 sion-Flrst i i • i 
 
 ^"y- of the expenses of the Commission, which was ordered printed 
 in the minutes and referred, with its accompanying exhibits, 
 to the Auditing Committee: 
 
 Report of the Secretary. 
 
 Chicago, November i8, 1890. 
 
 ^KS^of yo t^e Worhf s Columbian Commissioti: 
 Kxpi-nses GENTLEMEN I Article Fourteenth of the By-Laws of this 
 
 Com 
 siuu. 
 
 comiuis- Qonimission reads as follows: 
 
 Reports oj Disbursements. 
 
 " It shall be the duty of the Secretary of the Commission, and 
 of any and alf other officers thereof authorized or empowered to 
 certify any account or voucher for expenses incurred in the work 
 of the Commission, to report the same in detail, at least once a 
 month, and before the tenth day thereof, to the Executive Com- 
 mittee, and to make detailed reports of the same to this Commis- 
 sion at each of its stated or special meetings, and not later than 
 the third day of each meeting." 
 
 In compliance with the foregoing By-Law, I have the honor 
 to submit herewith a detailed report of all the expenses incurred 
 in the work of this Commission, certified to by me from the date 
 of the organization of the Commission, June 26, 1890, to 
 November i, 1890. 
 
 I also submit herewith a classification of these expenses in 
 the form of exhibits, so far as it is practicable to do so. 
 
 Exhibit A gives a list of the vouchers certified by me between 
 the above dates, with the name of the payee and the amount. 
 
 Exhibit B shows the distribution of these amounts under 
 the heads of expenses of each session of the Commission; of 
 each session of the Executive Committee, and of the other 
 standing committees; the expenses of the several offices of the 
 Commission; traveling expenses of Commissioners; subsistence 
 of Commissioners; contingent expenses; furniture and fixtures, 
 and printing. 
 
 I would call the attention ol llie Comniissiuii lo an extract 
 from Article Eighth of tlie By-Laws of the Commission, setting 
 forth the duties of the Secretary, which reads as follows: 
 
 "He shall keep all the accounts of the Commission, and 
 certify the same to the Secretary of the Treasury for payment." 
 
Minifies of the Third Slesslon. 185 
 
 Permit me further to state that the Secretary of the Treas- Third ses- 
 
 , . , . , ... siou— First 
 
 ury has issued a circular authorizing the Secretary of the Com- ^^y- 
 mission to make this certification, and forwarded to my office the 
 blank forms of vouchers which he directed to he used for trans- 
 portation and subsistence expenses of Commissioners, and for 
 all contingent expenses of the Commission, and also blank forms 
 of pay-rolls for compensation of officers and employe's of the 
 Commission. 
 
 It is provided in these blank forms that the Secretary of the 
 Commission' shall certify these accounts to the Treasury Depart- 
 ment for payment. In pursuance of these instructions of the 
 Secretary of the Treasury, and in compliance with the By-Laws 
 of the Commission, I have undertaken to perform this duty 
 according to the most systematic methods adopted for keeping 
 accounts in the departments of the Government and by large 
 corporations, and I believe that ultimately the economy and 
 system inaugurated in my department will be thoroughly recog- 
 nized and approved by the Commission. 
 
 In conclusion, it may not be inappropriate to state that the 
 Auditing Committee, of which Commissioner Garvin, of Indiana, 
 is Chairman, are just completing a thorough examination of all 
 the vouchers and accounts in the Secretary's office, of which the 
 accompanying exhibits form an abstract. 
 
 The Auditing Committee will make their report to the Com- 
 mission after this report has been referred to them, and they 
 will embody in that report the result of their investigation of 
 the system adopted and the manner in which the accounts of 
 the Commission are kept in the accounting department of the 
 Secretary's office. 
 
 I have the honor to be, 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 
 Jno. T. Dickinson, 
 
 Secretary. 
 
 Mr. McKenzie offered the following resolution, which was 
 adopted: 
 
 Fesolved, That all resolutions relating to the question of 
 the plans and location of buildings be referred without debate 
 to the Standing Committee on Grounds and Buildings. 
 
 Mr. Dickinson offered the following resolution, which was 
 adopted: 
 
186 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third ses- Resolved, That the Congressional World's Fair Committee 
 
 8lon— First ° 
 
 i>ay- and the United States Government Exhibit Board, now in this 
 city, and the Board of Lady Managers and their alternates, and 
 the officers and Directors of the World's Columbian Exposition 
 Association of Chicago, be, and they are hereby invited to the 
 privileges of the floor of the Commission during all sessions of 
 the Commission, and that the first two rows of seats in the 2:al- 
 lery of the Council Chamber are hereby reserved fur the use 
 of invited guests of the parties above named and of the Com- 
 missioners. 
 
 Mr. Mercer, of Wyoming, offered the following resolution, 
 which, under the resolution previously adopted, was referred to 
 the Committee on Grounds and Buildings: 
 
 Resolved^ That it is the sense of this Commission that in sub- 
 mitting plans and specifications of buildings by the World's Co- 
 lumbian Exposition, such submission ought to designate the site 
 and location of each of such buildings; and, further, that in the 
 judgment of this Commission no other buildings should be 
 located on the Lake Front than the following: 
 
 A Fine Art Building, to be located on the Lake Front. 
 
 All other buildings shall be located on Washington Park, the 
 Midway Plaisance, and Jackson Park, the main groups of build- 
 ings to be located on Washington Park; the improved part of Jack- 
 son Park and the Midway Plaisance to be used as approaches 
 to the main exhibition on Washington Park, 
 
 Resolved^ further y That the Directors of the World's Colum- 
 bian Exposition be requested to report plans in harmony with the 
 above resolution, on or before November 21, 1890, unless they 
 desire this Commission to report to the President that Chicago 
 fails to offer a suitable site and the necessary buildings. 
 
 Mr. de Young, of California, offered the following resolu- 
 tion, which was ordered to lie upon the table and be printed for 
 information: 
 
 Whereas, The proposition for-a double site is repugnant to 
 the experienced judgment and business sense of the entire 
 world, and this Commission has been imposed upon by misre|)re- 
 sentations on the part of certain members of the Chicago 
 Directory, said misrepresentations being that they only desired 
 to place the Fine Art Building and a gate-way to the main 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 187 
 
 Exposition on the Lake Front, in contradiction to which thev Third scs- 
 
 ... slon— First 
 
 have shown their intentions at a recent meeting by the passage ^*">'- 
 of a resokition fixing nine different features and eight buildings 
 on the said Lake Front, and have also attempted to let the 
 contracts for said buildings before this Commission should 
 assemble again; while they have temporarily rescinded that 
 action, at the request of their President, the National Commis- 
 sion feel that they have been imposed upon and may be imposed 
 upon again; therefore be it 
 
 Resolved^ That the action of this Commission in accepting 
 the various sites offered them was contrary to the spirit of the 
 law directing them to accept a site; that such action is hereby 
 rescinded, and that the Board of Directors of the World's 
 Columbian Exposition be requested to immediately furnish this 
 Commission with a site where the Exposition can be held as 
 one exhibit. 
 
 Mr. Martindale, of Indiana, offered the following resolu- 
 tion, which was adopted: 
 
 Resolved^ That when this Commission adjourns it adjourn 
 to meet to-morrow morning at lo o'clock, to sit until 12.30, at 
 which time recess shall be taken until 2 o'clock p. m. The Com- 
 mission shall reassemble at 2 o'clock and adjourn at 4 o'clock 
 p. M., and so continue during the present session. 
 
 The Commission then adjourned until 10 o'clock Wednes- 
 day morning. 
 
 Third Session— Second Day, Wednesday, 
 November 19, 1890. 
 
 The Commission met in the Council Chamber, City Hall, '^g!Jjf,_?|^p. 
 Chicago, at 10 o'clock a. m. President Palmer in the chair. 
 The roll was called, and the following Commissioners and 
 Alternates were present: 
 
 Commissioners-at-Large. — California, M. L. McDonald ; Roii-caii. 
 Massachusetts, A. G. Bullock; Michigan, T. W. Palmer; Nebraska, 
 R. W. Furnas, alternate; New York, G. W. Allen. 
 
ond Day. 
 
 188 World) s Columbian Covimisslon. 
 
 Third Ses- COMMISSIONERS OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. A. T. 
 
 elon-Sec 
 
 Britton, I). Clagett, alternate. 
 
 Commissioners of the States. — Alabama, G. L. Werth, 
 alternate; Arkansas, J. I). Adams, 1\ H. Leslie, alternate; 
 California, M. H. de Young, W. Forsyth; Colorado, R. E. 
 Goodell, F. J. V. Skiff; Connecticut, L. IJrainard, T. M. Waller; 
 Delaware, G. V. Massey, W. H. Porter; Florida, J. Hirst, R. Turn- 
 bull; Georgia, L. McLaws, C.H. Way; Idaho, J.E. Stearns; Illinois, 
 
 C. H. Deere, A. T. Ewing; Indiana, T. E. Garvin, E. B. Martindale; 
 Iowa, W. F. King, J. Eiboeck, alternate; Kansas, C. K. Holliday, 
 Jr., R. R. Price; Kentucky, J. Bennett, J. A. McKenzic; Louisiana, 
 
 D. B. Penn, P. J. McMahon, alternate; Maine, A. R. Bixby, C. S. 
 Edwards, alternate; Maryland, J. Hodges, L. Lowndes; Massachu- 
 setts, F. W. Breed; Michigan, M. H. Lane, C. H. Richmond; Min- 
 nesota, M. B. Harrison, O. V. Tousley; Mississippi, J. M. Bynum, 
 R. L. Saunders; Missouri, T. B. Bullene; Montana, A. H. Mitchell; 
 Nebraska, Euclid Martin, A. G. Scott; Nevada, J. W. Haines, 
 G. Russell; New Hampshire, W. Aiken, F. E. Kaley, alternate; 
 New Jersey, W. J. Sewell, T. Smith; New York, J. B. Thacher, 
 J. H. Breslin, alternate; North Carolina, T. B. Keogh; North 
 Dakota, H. P. Rucker, M. Ryan; Ohio, H. P. Piatt, W. Ritchie; 
 Oregon, H. Klippel, M. Wilkins; Pennsylvania, W\ McClelland, 
 J. W. Woodside; Rhode Island, L. B. Goff, G. C. Sims; South 
 Carolina, J. R. Cochran, E. L. Roche, alternate; South Dakota, 
 S. A. Ramsey, L. S. Bullard, alternates; Tennessee, T. L. Will- 
 iams, P>.. Strong, alternate; Texas, J. T. Dickinson; Vermont, 
 A. F. Walker, H, Atkins, alternates; Virginia, V. 1). Groner, 
 J. T. Harris; Washington, H. Drum, C. V>. Hopkins; West \'ir- 
 ginia, J. I). liutt, J. W. St. Clair; Wisconsin, P. Allen, Jr., J. L. 
 Mitchell; Wy.oming, A. S. Mercer, alternate. 
 
 Commissioners of Territories. — Arizona, G. F. Coats ; 
 New Mexico, R. M. White, L. C. Tetard, alternate; Oklahoma, 
 O. Beeson, J, I). Miles; Utah, F. J. Kiesel, P. H. Lannan. 
 
 Mr. Groner, of Virginia, Chairman of the Committee on 
 Tariffs and Transportation, submitted the following report, 
 which was ordered to be printed and lie upon the table for 
 future consideration: 
 
Miivfdes of the Third Session. 189 
 
 Report of the ComiMittee on Tariffs and Transportation. Report of 
 
 tlieCum- 
 
 Hon. Thomas W. Palmer, President World's Columbian Com- Tariffs and 
 
 Transpor- 
 
 mission, Chicago, 111.: tation. 
 
 Sir: Your Committee on Tariffs and Transportation have 
 the honor to present the following report : 
 
 Immediately after your announcing the members of this 
 Committee, they met in the Pullman Building, in Chicago, and 
 organized, electing Hon. H. P. Rucker, of North Dakota, as 
 Secretary. After passing resolutions authorizing its Chairman 
 to appoint sub-committees and to employ such clerical force as 
 was necessary to conduct the business of the Committee, ad- 
 journed subject to the call of its Chairman, \yith the understand- 
 ing that the Chairman would immediately correspond with such 
 departments of the Government and such railroad managers as 
 would give this Committee all the preliminary information neces- 
 sary to make reports to the Commission concerning matters of 
 transportation sufficiently far in advance of the holding of the 
 Exposition to enable exhibitors (both in this country and 
 foreign countries) to know exactly the cost of transportation of 
 their exhibits to and from the Exposition. While in the active 
 discharge of these duties the Chairman of this Committee 
 received a communication (addressed to him as Commissioner) 
 from the Director-General, notifying this Committee of the ap- 
 pointment of a Traffic Manager in charge of a " Bureau of 
 Transportation," and inclosing a letter of appointment to this 
 gentleman, which clearly superseded all the power and authority 
 of this Committee, and the correspondence upon this subject has 
 been made a part of this report. The following is the letter of 
 the Director-General dated October nth, also copy of letter of 
 the same date written by the Director-General to the gentleman 
 appointed: 
 
 Office of the Director-General, World's Columbian 
 
 Exposition. 
 
 Chicago, III., October n, 1890. 
 Hon. ViRGiNius D. Groner, Commissioner, Norfolk, Va.: 
 
 Dear General- I have the honor to state that I have ap- 
 pointed Mr. E. E. Jaycox Traffic Manager, and have assigned 
 him to duty as Chief of the Bureau of Transportation. 
 
 Mr. Jaycox is familiar with the duties of such a position, 
 having been in the railroad "service here for many years. The 
 
190 World\^ Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third ses- railroad officials of this city generally indorse him, and as the 
 
 ond Day. emergency was such that the Board of Directors of the Local 
 
 Corporation unanimously requested the appointment and made 
 
 provision for his salary and expenses, 1 deemed it wise to make 
 
 the appointment. 
 
 I would be glad to receive any information, advice, or sug- 
 gestions relative to the Bureau or its business that you would be 
 pleased to make. 
 
 I inclose copy of the appointment for your information. 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Geo. R. Davis. 
 
 Office of the Director-General, World's Columbian 
 
 Exposition. 
 Chicago, III., October ii, 1890. 
 Mr. Elbert E. Jaycox, Chicago, 111.: 
 
 Sir: You are hereby appointed Traffic Manager for the 
 Exposition, and assigned to duty as Chief of the Bureau of 
 Transportation, reporting to this office. 
 
 All orders, circulars, correspondence, and business of the 
 Bureau will be transacted in the name of the Director-General, 
 by you as Chief of the Bureau of Transportation. 
 
 The officers. Executive Committees, and the Committees 
 on Transportation of the Commission and of the Corporation 
 will be requested to communicate with the Bureau through the 
 office of the Director-General. 
 
 Requisitions for employment of help, for supplies and ma- 
 terial involving an expenditure of money, will be made upon this 
 office to the end that such expenditure may be authorized by the 
 Commission or the Corporation before the expense is incurred. 
 
 Your compensation will be at the rate of five thousand dol- 
 lars per annum, and will be paid by the Corporation upon certifi- 
 cate of service from this office. 
 
 Respectfully, 
 (Signed) Geo. R. Davis, 
 
 Director- Genera/. 
 
 These communications were received at Norfolk on the 
 evening of October the 15th. On the next day a telegram of 
 ))rotest was sent to the Director-General, which was confirmed by 
 a letter addressed to him the same date by the Chairman of this 
 Committee— a copy of which is herewith appended: 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 191 
 
 Office Committee on Tariffs and Transportation, Third seg. 
 
 slon— Sec- 
 
 World's Columbian Exposition. '^"*^ ^>»y- 
 
 Norfolk, Va., October i6, 1890. 
 
 Hon. Geo. R. Davis, Director-General World's Columbian 
 Exposition, Pullman Building, Chicago: 
 
 Dear Sir: Your letter of the nth inst. reached me last 
 night. This morning 1 send you the following telegram: 
 ''Your letter of the nth received. The National Commission 
 has authorized the Committee on Tariffs and Transportation to 
 take charge of that portion of the business in their name. I 
 protest against the assignment of the traffic management as far 
 as the National Commission is concerned." 
 
 1 must say that I am surprised that this action on your part 
 was taken without first conferring with the Committee on Tariffs 
 and Transportation. In your letter to Mr. Jaycox, a copy of 
 which you send me, you informed him that he was appointed 
 Traffic Manager in charge of Bureau of Transportation. By 
 this action you would make the gentleman supersede the Com- 
 mittee and its Chairman appointed by the National Commission. 
 I do not propose to be factious, nor do I desire to claim author- 
 ity which should not properly belong to the Committee, but I do 
 not propose to yield those duties and privileges conferred by the 
 National Commission; and 1 propose to discharge all its require- 
 ments at the least possible expense, without regard to the action 
 of the Local Corporation or yourself. I was only waiting for 
 the authority to employ a stenographer to put this Committee in 
 communication with all the transportation interests of this coun- 
 try, and the lines of steamships running out of foreign ports 
 whose countries desire to make exhibits. 
 
 I was appointed Chairman of this Committee, so I was in- 
 formed by President Palmer, on account of my peculiar fitness 
 and ability as a transportation expert, and the Committee was 
 selected with same view. I would refer you to him for further 
 information upon this question. 
 
 I had intended to communicate at the earliest possible mo- 
 ment with the Local Corporation, requesting a conference of our 
 Committee, at which we had hoped to have the pleasure of your 
 presence in aiding us to a conclusion, which might have pre- 
 vented a conflict of authority and greater economy. It seems to 
 me that this would have been the better plan of procedure for the 
 success of the Exposition. 1 regret exceedingly that this course 
 was not followed. My action as Chairman of the Committee 
 
192 World's Columhmn Commission. 
 
 Third st'8- on Titles and Local Facilities must have clearly demonstrated my 
 
 8lon— Sec- , ■' 1 T 1 
 
 ondDay. desiFc to occLipy a Conservative position as between the Local 
 Corporation and the National Commission. I will do much to 
 harmonize conflicting elements for the success of the F.xposition. 
 The Commission, by the adoption of its By-Laws, gives to its stand- 
 ing committees full power and control over the business which 
 properly belongs to those committees. Changes in this direction 
 can only be made by the action of the Commission and the altera- 
 tion of those By-Laws. It certainly is not in the provinc e of the 
 Director-General, nor was it ever intended that the Local Organ- 
 ization should arbitrarily and summarily take such action as that 
 noted by your communication. I have but an imperfect copy of 
 the proceedings of the last few days of the Commission, but I 
 see that a resolution was adopted conferring authority on the 
 Director-General to sit with these different committees, and also 
 making provision for conference between the committees of the 
 National Commission and that of the Local Organization. It was 
 therefore clearly the purpose of the Commission that no such 
 power as you have attempted to exercise, should be authorized, 
 the several standing committees having the authority to organize 
 for the particular business pertaining to their special duties. I 
 therefore protest, in the name of the Committee on Tariffs and 
 Transportation, against the appointment of the Traffic Manager, 
 as an officer of the National Commission, and at the head of the 
 Bureau of this Committee. I hope you will see the propriety of 
 it at once, informing Mr. Jaycox that his employment is by the 
 Local Organization only. 
 
 In conclusion, I desire to call your attention to that portion 
 of your letter which invites individual Commissioners to an ap- 
 proval of your policy as unfair to this Committee, they not 
 having an opportunity of expressing their views to the individual 
 Commissioners. Whilst I do not charge this to be your intention, 
 it will have that effect unless you relieve them of any committal 
 they may make upon this subject prior to having received com- 
 munication from this Committee. If the Director-General is 
 permitted in this case to have the authority he claims in this 
 appointment, it will be but a short time before the whole power 
 of the Commission is centralized, and there will be no necessity 
 either for Committees or Commission. 1 do not wish to be mis- 
 understood on this point. I am inclined to give the Director- 
 General what power he should i)roperly possess, and strengthen 
 his hand in every possible way. 
 
Minutes of the Tliird Session. 198 . 
 
 While there is much due him, there is somethinir due the ''"'')••'' ^'-^ 
 Committees of the National Board, and there is no reason why ""'^ ^'-^^ 
 the authority should conflict. If the policy enunciated by the 
 Commission is carried out, I have every reason to believe that 
 all matters affecting the Local Organization, and also any mat- 
 ters between the Director-General and the National Board, can 
 be satisfactorily adjusted without trenching on rights provided 
 for any interests involved. 
 
 There has already been too much bickering. Those who 
 are looking to the true interests of success can but deprecate 
 any issues that are brought about by the assignment of the 
 Traffic Manager. 
 
 I will call the Committee together at Chicago some few 
 days prior to the meeting of the Commission in November, when 
 we will be glad to confer with you and the Local Management, 
 and adjust all differences. 
 
 Until a settlement is reached, I hope you will inform Mr. 
 Jaycox that he is acting in the capacity for the Local Manage- 
 ment, and not for the National Commission. 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 (Signed) V. D. Groner, 
 
 Chairman Committee on Tariffs and Transportation. 
 
 The Chairman of this Committee also sent the following tel- 
 egram to President Palmer : 
 
 " Hon. T. W. Palmer, President World's Columbian Commission, 
 Chicago: 
 
 " Committee on Tariffs and Transportation protest against 
 the appointment of Traffic Manager by the Director-General anc 
 Local Board. We ask the Executive Committee to defer action 
 until Committee on Transportation can be heard. Local Board, 
 of course, has the right to appoint whatever officers they please, 
 but they should not be made officers of the National Commission, 
 even though approved by Director-General, without first letting 
 Committee have some option in the matter. 
 
 (Signed) "V. D. Groj^er, 
 
 ''Chairman Committee on Tariffs and Tra7isportation, World's 
 
 Columbian Exposition/' 
 
 and sent still another telegram to the Hon. Euclid Martin, 
 who was a member both of the Executive Committee and the 
 Committee on Tariffs and Transportation. The minutes of the 
 Executive Committee from September 17th (See page 64 of the 
 
194 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third Ses- "Official Minutes of the Executive Committee"), notwithstand- 
 ondDay. \\\^ this protest, show that that Committee disregarded the re- 
 quest of the Committee on Tariffs and Transportation to defer 
 this matter until the meeting of the Commission, but it permitted 
 Mr. Euclid Martin to spread u|)on its records his protest, as fol- 
 lows : 
 
 " I protest against the adoption of so much of the report of 
 the Director-General as refers to the confirmation by the Execu- 
 tive Committee of his appointment of E. E. Jaycox as Traffic 
 Manager; not that I, in any manner, question the qualifications 
 of Mr. Jaycox for filling the position, but for the following reasons: 
 
 " First. That the appointment of a Traffic Manager by the 
 Director-General, without consultation with either the Chairman 
 of or the Committee on Tariffs and Transportation, is contrary 
 to the plan of the organization of the World's Columbian Com- 
 mission as outlined by its action at the meetings held in this 
 city in June and September, at which times the principle was 
 clearly established that the work of conducting the Exposition, 
 and the responsibility of same, was in the hands of the Commis- 
 sion through its various Committees: 
 
 "Second. For the reason that there was no such exigency 
 existing as would warrant an exception being made of this particu- 
 lar position, and that the selection at this time of a Traffic Man- 
 ager, before the organization of the bureau which he is to serve, 
 has the appearance of making an exception, and can not but be 
 construed as lacking in courtesy to the Committee on Tariffs 
 and Transportation. 
 
 (Signed) ''Euclid Martin, 
 
 ''Member Committee on Tariffs and Transportation^ 
 
 On the 31st of October this Committee, through its Chair- 
 man, received a communication from the Director-General in an- 
 swer to the protests they had made. This communication is 
 herewith attached: 
 
 Office of the Director-General, World's Columbian 
 
 Exposition. 
 
 Chicago, III., October 27, 1890. 
 Hon. V. D. Groner, Chairman Committee on Tariffs and Trans- 
 portation, Norfolk, Va.: 
 My Dear Sir: I am in receipt of your telegram of the i6th 
 inst., and also of your letter of same date, relative to the 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 195 
 
 appointment of Traffic Manager for the Exposition. Pressing Tim.i sen- 
 
 1 1-111 sion -Sec- 
 
 engagements have prevented an earher acknowledgment. oua Day. 
 
 As I stated in my communication to you of the nth inst., I 
 believed that a necessity existed for some action on the part of 
 the Commission, and it was believed by me that the Commission 
 had conferred sufficient authority upon this office to take such 
 action, if the emergency demanded it, subject to the approval of 
 the Executive Committee. 
 
 The Chairman of the Committee was not here and the 
 Committee had not met to my knowledge, and I was informed 
 did not propose to meet until the middle of November. 
 
 The suggestion you raise that the Local Corporation could 
 appoint such officers, if it wished, was the point upon which this 
 issue came to my notice. The Local Board, by one of its Stand- 
 ing Committees, did appoint, as far as it could, Mr. Jaycox as 
 Traffic Manager for the World's Columbian Exposition (this is 
 the name under which the Local Board is incorporated), and 1 
 was officially notified to that effect. To this I made protest in 
 the name of the National Commission, as its Executive Officer, 
 and claimed that dual heads of departments could not be ap- 
 pointed without jeopardizing the best interests of the Exposi- 
 tion; that the Commission through its proper officers should 
 make such appointments. 
 
 The Local Corporation then proceeded in the Ime sug- 
 gested, made the necessary record for the payment of a Traffic 
 Manager, and for the incidental expenses of his office, and di- 
 rected by a vote of its full board that Mr. Jaycox be recom- 
 mended to the Director-General for appointment. The Local 
 Corporation on the 9th of September authorized the appointment 
 of a Traffic Manager. It was at that time deemed necessary by 
 said Corporation, but the work was not commenced as contem- 
 plated, and hence the delay. 
 
 I doubt the desirability and the practicability of your sugges- 
 tion, " the Local Management can appoint whatever officers 
 they may desire." I believe it to be much to the interest of the 
 Exposition that these officers be appointed by the proper officers 
 of the Commission. 
 
 It was represented that such an officer was required imme- 
 diately. The Committee on Tariffs and Transportation was dis- 
 tributed through sixteen States; would not assemble until middle 
 of November. I deemed it wise and in the interest of the Expo- 
 
196 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Tinrrtj^l^s- sition to make this appointment, subject to the approval of the 
 unci Day. Executivc Committee. 
 
 If authority is not vested in the Director-General to act in 
 an emergency for the Commission, it ought to be. 
 
 Mr. Jaycox was appointed Traffic Manager for the Exposi- 
 tion, and assigned to duty as Chief of the Bureau. 
 
 I wish to disclaim any attention of ignoring you or your 
 Committee, also of any personal interest in the appointment. 
 
 On the day of the appointment I directed a communication 
 to you upon the subject and forwarded copy of the letter of 
 appointment. In the hurry of my work I neglected to address 
 you as Chairman of the Committee, to which you call my atten- 
 tion. That was an oversight, for the letter was intended for 
 the Chairman, and no other member of the Committee was com- 
 municated with. 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Geo. R. Davis, Director -General. 
 
 The Chairman of this Committee deemed it best to defer 
 further correspondence regarding this matter until he could lay 
 all the information before his Committee, which was to meet in 
 Chicago on the 17th of November. At this meeting this Com- 
 mittee indited a communication to the Director-General, which 
 sets forth some of the work accomplished by the Committee on 
 Tariffs and Transportation. They also .passed resolutions 
 regarding the action of the Director-General in appointing the 
 Traffic Manager. You will find a copy of the communication 
 and resolutions, above referred to, next attached: 
 
 Chicago, III., November 17, 1890. 
 Hon. George R. Davis, Director-General World's Columbian 
 Exposition, Chicago, 111.: 
 
 Mv Dear Sir: Your letter of October 27th, in answer to 
 my communication of October i6th, reached me in due time, but 
 inasmuch as the Committee on Tariffs and Transportation would 
 meet at a very early date, I deferred answering until I referred 
 your letter to the Committee, that I might officially express their 
 views upon the question contained in your communication. 
 However, before proceeding I desire to state some of the work 
 this Committee has performed in the discharge of what they con- 
 ceived to be their duty under the authority of the National C\)m- 
 mission. 
 
 Article 10 of the r.\ Laws, relating to Standing (\)mmit- 
 tees, says.: 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 197 
 
 "Committee on Tariffs and Transportation, consisting of Third ses- 
 
 . . slon— 8ec- 
 
 sixteen Commissioners, shall have consideration of all matters ondDay. 
 relating to tariffs, bonding and releasing of goods, and the 
 transportation of goods that may be referred to them by the 
 National Commission, in conjunction with such officers of the 
 Treasury as may be appointed." 
 
 The foregoing clearly defines the authority and power of 
 the Committee on Tariffs and Transportation. This Committee, 
 deeming the question of "bonding and releasing of goods" 
 one of the most important to be solved, at the earliest possible 
 date proceeded to communicate with the Secretary of the 
 Treasury, and its Chairman personally waited upon Secretary 
 Windom, to learn how far the Act of Congress establishing this 
 Commission authorized assistance from that department of the 
 Government as to this very important question, which had cost 
 the Philadelphia Centennial Exposition (as I have learned) much 
 trouble and delay. The Secretary of the Ti'easury met the 
 Chairman of this Committee, and at once directed one of the 
 principal officers of his department to examine the legal aspects 
 of the question and to give this Committee early information 
 upon this point, and he (the Secretary) expressed a desire to do 
 all in his power to aid the Committee and the Exposition. He 
 said if the Act of Congress did not sufficiently cover the wants 
 and desires of the Commission that recommendations would be 
 made at the next meeting of Congress for further required 
 legislation. 
 
 The Chairman of this Committee had communicated with 
 the Inter-State Commission concerning the rights of railroads to 
 transport exhibits at greatly reduced rates without discriminating 
 against other consignees over the same lines of roads. The 
 Inter-State Commission referred this Committee to Section 22 
 of "An Act to Regulate Commerce," w^hich says: "Nothing in 
 this act shall prevent the carriage, storage, or handling of 
 property free, or at reduced rates, for the United States, State, 
 or Municipal Governments, or for charitable purposes, or to or 
 from fairs, expositions for exhibition thereat, etc." 
 
 The Inter-State Commissioners were clearly of the opinion 
 that this act permitted railroads to give schedules of rates Xon'j^ 
 enough in advance of the Exposition for every exhibitor, both in 
 this country and in foreign countries, to know at least a year 
 ahead of the Exposition what the cost of transportation would 
 
 14 
 
198 World's Columbia)! Commission. 
 
 Third se,. be to their exhibits. At such time as was pr.^per, this Committee 
 ^'o°dV:r- .vould have communicated with the State Department with a 
 view of asking the aid of foreign Consulates in disseminatmg 
 this traffic information. We had also communicated with the 
 Inter-State Commission as to the right of railroads to grant to 
 the Commission, or to the Committees (and more especially to 
 those connected with the charge of transportation), free annual 
 tickets or passes, with a view to saving the Government traveling 
 expenses They had received in reply a letter from Commissioner 
 Bra<ro- (who had consulted with Judge Cooley, its Chairman, and 
 otheTcommissioners) to the effect that the present law would 
 not permit an action of this kind on the part of the railroads, but 
 that they would recommend advising a joint act of Congress au- 
 thorizing this power. This was done after consulting with several 
 trunk line presidents, who were willing and desirous of extend- 
 ing courtesies in this direction. 
 
 We had communicated with the Postmaster-General, who 
 had referred the communication to his legal adviser to learn it 
 the Commissioners were such officers of the Government as 
 would enable them to avail themselve? of the cheaper rates of 
 telegraphing enjoyed by other officers of the Government, 
 thereby saving the Government all the expense in this direction 
 that was possible. All this was done without one dollar of 
 expense to the Government. 
 
 The Sub-Committees of this Committee, in their respective 
 localities, without cost or expense, had communicated with rail- 
 road managers, and the work of the Committee was steadily 
 nroeressing in the most satisfactory manner; in fact, everything 
 had been done by this Committee that could have been accom- 
 plished at this early date. 
 
 Now a controversy having arisen in reference to the 
 appointment of a Traffic Manager by you, I called a special 
 meeting of the Committee on Tariffs and Transportation, in 
 order to lay before them the entire matter, which was done and 
 taken up with the regular business on the .7th day of Novem- 
 ber 1890, and the sense of the Committee resolved itself into the 
 following resolutions, which I take pleasure in submitting. 
 
 V. D. Groner, Chairman. 
 
 Resolved, That the following resolutions express the senti- 
 ment of the Committee on Tariffs and Transportation regard- 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 199 
 
 ing the assumption of authority by Director-General Davis in Tinxi ses- 
 his appointment of a Traffic Manager, on'a "olr 
 
 That Article Nine of the By-Laws, as amended, on page 133 
 of the Official Manual of the World's Columbian Commission, 
 which reads as follows: 
 
 "It shall also be his duty (the Director-General's) and privi- 
 lege to attend all meetings of any of the Standing Committees 
 for the purpose of suggestion and conference, and to the end 
 that all the agencies of the Commission may be rendered more 
 efficient," 
 
 clearly defines what should have been the action of the Director- 
 General ; therefore the Director-General, in creating the office of 
 Traffic Manager, assumed powers which he did not possess. 
 
 Resolved, That Article Ten, page 159 of the Official Manual 
 of the World's Columbian Commission, showing the powers of 
 the Committee on Tariffs and Transportation, which reads as 
 follows: 
 
 ''Committee on Tariffs and Transportation, consisting of 
 sixteen members, which shall have consideration of all matters 
 relating to tariffs, bonding and releasing of goods, and the trans- 
 portation of goods that may be referred to them by the National 
 Commission, in conjunction with such officers of the Treasury 
 as may be appointed," 
 
 gives the same clear and explicit definition of the power and 
 authority of the Committee on Tariffs and Transportation. 
 
 Resolved, That in making this issue the Director-General is 
 establishing a precedent which would be disastrous to the Ex- 
 position, make its success problematical, and result in the cen- 
 tralization of power in the Local Organization, which is mani- 
 festly contrary to the spirit, intents, and purposes of the Act 
 creating this Commission. 
 
 Resolved, That we firmly and positively protest against this 
 assumption of power and authority on the part of the Director- 
 General and Local Board. 
 
 Resolved, That in the event of the Commission sitting in 
 session and officially indorsing the act of the Director-General, 
 the effect will be the absorption of the functions of this Com- 
 mittee by the Local Board, thereby making the existence of the 
 Committee on Tariffs and Transportation unnecessary. 
 
 Resolved, That, while regretting the necessity which compels 
 us to express ourselves in so positive a manner, we do not see 
 that Ihere is any other course left open to us consistent with the 
 
200 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third ses. dignity of the position we occupy as members of the World's 
 ond Day. Columbian Commission. 
 
 (Signed) V. D. Groner, Chairman^ 
 
 H. P. RucKER, Secretary, 
 Jno. D. Adams, 
 Lewis C. Tetard, 
 M. H. Lane, 
 J. W. Haines, 
 Lloyd Lowndes, 
 Walter Aiken, 
 Gardiner C. Sims, 
 Euclid Martin, 
 L. Brainard, 
 And letters from A. B. Andrews and O. R. Hundley indors- 
 ing the action of this Committee. 
 
 Mr. Mercer, of Wyoming, offered the following resolution, 
 which was referred, under the rule, to the Committee on Judi- 
 ciary, Rules, and By-Laws: 
 
 Resolved, That a standing committee, to consist of six mem- 
 bers, be appointed, to be known as thfe Committee on Music. 
 
 Mr. de Young, of California, offered the following resolu- 
 tion, which was referred, under the rule, to the Committee on 
 Judiciary, Rules, and By-Laws: 
 
 Resolved, That a Committee of six Commissioners be 
 appointed by the President, to be known as the Committee of 
 the Press and Advertising. The duties of the said Committee 
 shall be the organization of a Bureau to take charge of the 
 advertising of the Exposition and all dealings with the Press. 
 
 (Mr. McKenzie, of Kentucky, in the chair.) 
 
 Mr. Mercer, at the request of the Board of Agriculture of 
 
 the State of Illinois, submitted the following communication, 
 
 which was read, ordered printed, and referred to the Committee 
 
 on Grounds and Buildings: 
 
 Agricultural and Allied Industries at the World's 
 
 Fair. 
 
 The Illinois State Board of Agriculture at its regular meet- 
 ing to-day passed the following preamble and resolution, to 
 which the attention of all kindred organizations and of all others 
 interested is respectfully called: 
 
Minutes of the Third Session, 201 
 
 Whereas, The Board of Directors of the Local Corporation Third sea- 
 
 ' ^ 8lon— Sec- 
 
 of the World's Columbian Exposition, charged with the duty of o^tiDay. 
 presenting to the National Commission a site, together with plans 
 and specifications for the necessary Exposition buildings for the 
 World's Fair of 1893, has decided to so present the following as 
 the basis of a partial site and partial distribution of buildings and 
 departments upon the Lake Front, asking approval and adop- 
 tion thereof by said National Commission, to wit: 
 
 Resolved, That it is the sense of this Board of Directors that 
 there should be located upon the Lake Front these items of the 
 Exposition: 
 
 1. The Art Exhibit Building, which shall contain all oil- 
 paintings, water-colors, engravings, and statuary that shall be 
 exhibited at the World's Columbian Exposition. 
 
 2. The Decorative Art Building, which shall contain all 
 jewelry, diamonds, watches, gold and silver ornaments, clocks, 
 bronzes, embroideries, tapestries, rugs, Persian carpets, china, 
 bric-a-brac, gold and silver ware, and all other articles intended 
 for the decoration of the person, table, or house that shall be 
 exhibited at the World's Columbian Exposition. 
 
 3. I'he building in which shall be displayed the exhibit of 
 electrical appliances and devices. 
 
 4. Government departmental exhibits, including exhibits 
 from the State Department, Treasury Department, War Depart- 
 ment, Navy Department, Interior Department, Post-Office Depart- 
 ment, Department of Justice, Smithsonian Institution and 
 National Museums, and Fish and Fisheries Department. 
 
 5. Musical Hall. 
 
 6. The Water Palace, if any. 
 
 7. A portion of certain miniature villages and settlements 
 of curious nationalities, such as Indian, Egyptian, Persian, Cen- 
 tral African, Chinese, Japanese, Armenian, Russian, and others. 
 
 8. An aquarium building. 
 
 9. An electric fountain and other exhibits analogous to the 
 foregoing, or supplementary thereto, and necessary to make the 
 Lake Front exhibition equal in interest and attractiveness to the 
 other portions of the Fair. 
 
 Whereas, The plan of distribution as outlined above con- 
 templates a dismemberment of the World's Fair not only unnec- 
 essary and utterly unjustifiable, but involves a reckless, if not 
 culpable, disregard of the interests which we represent, and 
 
202 WorUrs Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third ses- which form the very basis of all civilization, progress, culture, 
 
 8lon— Sec- -^ . ' I- o J 7 
 
 ondDay. ^nd wealth of nations and people in every department of human 
 activity; and, 
 
 Whereas, The Law of Congress organizing the National 
 World's Fair Commission invests that Commission with pUtiary 
 powers of approval and rejection in all matters pertaining to site, 
 ' buildings, and conduct of said Fair, in general and detail, thus 
 charging the Commission with a responsibility to the people 
 which can not be modified, and from which there is no honor- 
 able escape; therefore, 
 
 Resolved, That the Illinois State Board of Agriculture, in the 
 name of agriculture and its allied industries throughout the 
 world, confidently appeal to the intelligent appreciation, pure 
 motives, and perfect good faith of our National Commission to 
 prevent any dismemberment whatever of the departments of the 
 proposed Fair, and t?t any eveiit and at a?iy cost, to avert the dis- 
 grace and disaster which, under any such plan as quoted above, 
 or any approach to it, would, in our deliberate judgment, be 
 inevitable, 
 comminee^ Mr. Masscy, of Delaware, arose to a question of privilege, 
 
 ExpemiT- and read a resolution of the Executive Committee, adopted 
 
 tares o f . 
 
 Tuesday, November i8, 1890, directing the President and Secre- 
 tary not to certify any voucher for expenditures by the Com- 
 mittee on Foreign Affairs without further authority from the 
 Commission. 
 
 Mr. Massey discussed the subject at length, and was fol- 
 lowed by Mr. Waller, of Connecticut, who also stated a question 
 of personal privilege, and offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved^ . That in the opinion of this Commission the 
 Foreign Affairs Committee have taken no action nor made any 
 expenditure justifying the resolution of the Executive Com- 
 mittee notifying the President and Secretary of this Commission 
 not to indorse any bills or vouchers of the Foreign Affairs Com- 
 mittee until further authorized by the Commission. 
 
 Vice-Chairman McKenzie, on behalf of the Executive Com- 
 mittee, deprecated the suggestion that the resolution of that 
 Committee implied any reflection upon the methods and pur- 
 poses of the Committee on Foreign Affairs. 
 
 The discussion was continued at length. 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 203 
 
 Mr. Allen, of New York, offered the following as a substi- Third ses- 
 tute for the resolution of Mr. Waller: *^" *^' 
 
 Whereas, A serious if not grave misunderstanding has 
 arisen between our Executive Committee and the Committee on 
 Foreign Affairs; therefore be it 
 
 Resolved, That the Executive Committee be requested either 
 to expunge the important resolution from its proceedings of 
 yesterday, or by resolution disavow all intention of affront or 
 disrespect to their associate Commissioners comprising the Com- 
 mittee on Foreign Affairs. 
 
 Mr. Waller accepted the substitute. 
 
 Mr. Harris, of Virginia, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved, That the resolution of the gentleman of New 
 York be referred to the Executive Committee, with instructions 
 to act and report at the evening session of the Commission. 
 
 Mr. Waller moved that his resolution, as amended by Mr. 
 Allen, and the resolution of Mr. Harris, be laid upon the table 
 temporarily. 
 
 The motion was unanimously carried. 
 
 The hour of 12 o'clock having arrived, the Commission took 
 a recess. 
 
 The Commission reassembled at 2 o'clock p. m. Vice- 
 President Waller in the chair. 
 
 Mr. Massey, from the Committee on Foreign Affairs, sub- 
 mitted the following report, which was read, ordered printed 
 in the Official Minutes, and laid upon the table as the first order 
 of business for 11 o'clock, Thursday, November 20th: 
 
 Report of the Committee on Foreign Affairs. 
 
 The Foreign Affairs Committee begs to report that, imme- ^'"ihe^^com- 
 diately following its constitution, it held its first meeting in the ForSgn*" 
 City of Chicago on September 19, 1890, at which were present 
 all its members save the Chairman, and that it was duly organ- 
 ized by the election of Honorable Thomas M. Waller, of Con- 
 necticut, as Vice Chairman. That the second meeting of the. 
 Committee was held in the City of Chicago on the 20th of Sep- 
 tember, at which were present Messrs. Wm. T. Baker (Chair- 
 man), J. W. Ellsworth, T. J. Lefens, H. M. Higinbotham, and M. 
 
204 WorW s Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third See- A. Rycrson, composing the Committee on Foreign Exhibits of 
 ondDay the World's Columbian Exposition, who were so present by the 
 express invitation of your Committee for the purpose of general 
 conference relative to the work common to both committees, 
 and to the end that the operations of each should be so prose- 
 cuted and conducted as to conduce to absolutely harmonious 
 action and secure the most satisfactory and substantial results. 
 And the Committee of the Illinois Corporation was then duly 
 apprised of the general purpose and policy of your Committee 
 to act in concert with it, so that friction and controversy might 
 be avoided and the best results attained; your Committee, never- 
 theless, not intending thereby to be understood as in anywise 
 abdicating or surrendering any of its legitimate powers or lawful 
 functions. 
 
 In view of the limited opportunity afforded, at this Chicago 
 meeting, to be apprised of the steps which had been theretofore 
 taken by the Committee of the Chicago Corporation in the line 
 of foreign work, your Committee deemed it advisable to adjourn 
 to meet in New York City, where the permanent headquarters of 
 the Committee had been, by its resolution pursuant to the au- 
 thority conferred by the Commission, established, and accord- 
 ingly invited the said Committee of the Illinois Corporation, or 
 as many of them as could make it convenient to attend, to be 
 present at the meeting of your Committee then contemplated to 
 be held at the Gilsey House in the City of New York, on the 
 2 2d day of October, 1890. 
 
 Your Committee accordingly held sessions in the City of 
 New York on the 22d, 23d, and 24th of October, and at these 
 several meetings the Foreign Exhibits Committee of the Illinois 
 Corporation were represented by its Chairman, Mr. Baker, and 
 Messrs. Ellsworth, Ryerson, and Lefens, who participated very 
 fully in the discussion relative to the general work to be pursued 
 in foreign countries, and the best medium of securing the results 
 desired at a minimum of cost. 
 
 At these meetings it was communicated to your Committee 
 that the Committee of the Illinois Corporation, in view of the 
 conventional delays and difficulties necessarily incident to the 
 prosecution of the work in Japan and China, had conceived it 
 advisable, in order that interest in these countries should be 
 aroused in the World's Fair, and that a desirable and comprehen- 
 sive line of exhibits, such as are likely to be found only in these 
 localities, might be the more speedily obtained, to send, under 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 205 
 
 the auspices of that Committee, agents to Japan and China, re- Third ses- 
 spectively, and had accordingly sent Mr. Gustavus Goward to "QdDay. 
 Japan, and Mr. Romyn Hitchcock to China. 
 
 They also represented to your Committee that they had had 
 under careful consideration a plan which had been formulated 
 and submitted to them by Professor Cyrus Adler, of Johns 
 Hopkins University, comprehending a general collection of 
 most interesting exhibits from Turkey, Egypt, Syria, and Persia; 
 that this plan had received the unqualified indorsement of their 
 Committee, and that they had, in fact, employed Professor Adler 
 to execute it. 
 
 They further advised your Committee that they had also 
 had under consideration a scheme originated and submitted by 
 Mr. Wm. E. Curtis, of the State Department, looking to the most 
 available method of arousing interest in the Exposition among 
 the Latin-American Republics, and of securing a comprehensive 
 line of exhibits from that territory; and that this scheme had 
 likewise received the unanimous approval and indorsement of 
 that Committee. 
 
 As to all these several schemes and undertakings, it was 
 expressly stated to your Committee, that all expenses incident 
 thereto or arising therefrom had been provided for and would 
 be, in fact, paid out of the funds of the Illinois corporation, and 
 they desired your Committee to approve the said schemes and 
 methods, and make such recommendation to the Commission 
 touching the same as would recognize these several schemes as 
 agencies of the Commission, and would clothe the several agents 
 with the proper and lawful authority as duly accredited represent- 
 atives of the Commission to the several countries to which they 
 were respectively assigned. 
 
 Your Committee, after a careful investigation of these sev- 
 eral schemes, and in view of the express recommendation of the 
 Committee of the Illinois Corporation, and the unqualified under- 
 taking of that Committee to provide all funds necessary to 
 defray the expenses thereof, determined that they ought to be 
 officially sanctioned, and in this behalf your Committee heartily 
 recommend the adoption of such resolution by the Commission 
 as will fully approve the same, and the issue to the several agents 
 or Commissioners hereinbefore designated, of such commissions 
 or letters of appointment as, in the judgment of the Commission, 
 can properly be issued. And they would further recommend 
 that the President of the Commission officially communicate 
 
206 WorlcTs Columbian Comviission. 
 
 Third ses- with the Sccretarv ol State to the end that these several a2:ents 
 
 8ion— 8ec- ' , 
 
 ondDay. may be at least semi-officially accredited by the Government of 
 the United States, to the respective foreign governments with 
 which, in the course of their mission, they must necessarily be 
 brought in contact. And your Committee would further recom- 
 mend that the Judiciary Committee be instructed to consider 
 and report such form of letter of authority or commission as 
 ought to be issued to these several agents. 
 
 In connection with the plan originated by Mr. Curtis, your 
 Committee would respectfully suggest that it is thereby con- 
 templated that officers of the army and navy may be detailed for 
 important services in connection therewith, and your Committee 
 beg to recommend that the Commission request the President of 
 the United States to cause such details to be made from the 
 army and navy as may be necessary to properly effect the same. 
 
 In order to provide against delays which may arise in the 
 forwarding of foreign exhibits, your Committee were greatly 
 impressed with the necessity of establishing a dispatch agency 
 at the port of Xew York, and providing for the appointment of 
 a competent agent to have charge thereof; and, after careful 
 inquiry and investigation, your Committee were thoroughly sat- 
 isfied that no more efficient agent could have been employed 
 than the late Mr. Haughwout Howe, and your Committee, 
 recognizing that anything relating to the subjects of traffic and 
 transportation were peculiarly within a province and prerogative of 
 the Standing Committee of the Commission having charge of the 
 subject, recommended to that Committee, through its Chairman, 
 Hon. V, D. Groner, that Mr. Howe's appointment as such dis- 
 patch agent should be considered by his Committee and favora- 
 bly reported to the Commission. The untimely death, however, 
 of Mr. Howe, has deprived that Committee of the opportunity of 
 securing and availing itself of the benefits of his experience. 
 
 Your Committee received and filed numerous applications 
 and recommendations, referred to it from the headquarters of 
 the Commission, of persons desiring to be employed in the fur- 
 therance of the interests of the Exposition in divers foreign coun- 
 tries; but, recognizing that there are no funds now available to 
 defray the expenses necessarily incident to such service, your 
 Cornmittee declined to take any action respecting the same, not- 
 withstanding it is obviously important that such agencies should 
 be set in motion as early as practicable, if any comprehensively 
 representative exhibit is to be secured generally from foreign 
 nations. 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 207 
 
 It was the opinion of your Committee that the appropriation Third ses- 
 of $20,000, provided by Section 12 of the Act of Congress, was ou^Day. 
 available for the employment of such agencies, but your Com- 
 mittee, in order to avoid any possible controversy in that behalf, 
 deemed it prudent to address to the Secretary of the Treasury 
 the following letter: 
 
 Headquarters Foreign Affairs Committee of the 
 - World's Columbian Commission, 
 
 GiLSEY House, 
 New York, October 24, 1890. 
 Hon. William Windom, Secretary of the Treasury, Washing- 
 ton, D. C: 
 Sir: In conformity with the direction contained in 'a resolu- 
 tion this day adopted by the Committee on Foreign Affairs of 
 the World's Columbian Commission (a copy whereof is herewith 
 transmitted), I have the honor to address you, on behalf of that 
 Committee, in order to ascertain your views as to the availa- 
 bility of the special appropriation of $20,000, made by 
 Section 12 of the Act of Congress, approved April 25, 1890, 
 for the defrayal of the cost and expenses of such agencies and 
 instrumentalities as may be lawfully employed by said Commit- 
 tee, for the purpose of arousing the interest of foreigners in the 
 Exhibition, and thereby securing the most desirable and attract- 
 ive lines of foreign goods for admission thereto. 
 
 In view of the fact that by the express terms of the section 
 referred to, the appropriation is available during the current fiscal 
 year^ and also that it is ''to be expended under the direction of 
 the Secretary of the Treasury for purposes connected with the 
 admission of foreign goods to said Exhibition,'' the Committee 
 strongly incline to the conclusion that the intent of Congress, in 
 providing this special appropriation, was that it should be util- 
 ized in the manner indicated by the Committee's inquiry, but is 
 unwilling to make any recommendation to the Commission in the 
 premises until the views of the Secretary of the Treasury touch- 
 ing the matter shall have been first obtained. 
 
 Will you be pleased to favor the Committee with an answer 
 to the inquiry hereinbefore stated as early as convenient. 
 I have the honor to be. 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 (Signed) Chauncey M. Depew, 
 
 Chairman Committee on Foreign Affairs of the 
 
 World's Columbian CofJimission. 
 
Commit- 
 tee. 
 
 208 Worlcfs Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third ses- And this has evoked from that officer the following reply: 
 
 slon— Sec- 
 
 *^* Treasury Department, 
 
 Office of the Secretary, 
 Washington, D. C, November 13, 1890. 
 
 Hon. Chauncey M, Depew, Chairman Committee on Foreign 
 Affairs, World's Columbian Commission: 
 Appropria- ^iR: I am in receipt of your letter of October 24th ultimo, 
 
 ibiefor"' submitting a resolution of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, 
 Affairs^ World's Columbian Commission, which reads as follows, viz.: 
 
 ''Resolved, That the Chairman of this Committee be requested 
 and authorized to address a communication, on behalf of the 
 Committee, to the Secretary of the Treasury, propounding the 
 inquiry whether the special appropriation of $20,000, made by 
 Section 12 of the Act of Congress, approved April 25, 1890, is 
 available in defraying the expenses of such agencies and instru- 
 mentalities as may be employed by this Committee in the prose- 
 cution of its efforts to secure exhibits from foreign countries 
 for the Exhibition." 
 
 In reply, I have to advise you that I have fully considered 
 the subject-matter of your communication. Section 12 of the 
 Act of Congress, approved April 25, 1890, is as follows: " That 
 the sum of $20,000, or so much thereof as may be necessary, be, 
 and the same is hereby appropriated for the remainder of the 
 present fiscal year and for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1891, 
 to be expended, under the direction of the Secretary of the 
 Treasury, for purposes connected with the admission of foreign 
 goods to said Exhibition." 
 
 If the World's Columbian Commission desires to employ 
 during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1891, any agents to visit 
 foreign countries, or any agencies for purposes connected with 
 the admission of foreign goods for exhibition at the World's 
 Columbian Exposition, to be held in 1893, I will approve such 
 expenditures as may be made in connection therewith, not to 
 exceed the amount named in Section 12 of the Act, upon the 
 presentation of proper vouchers, to be approved by yourself and 
 the President or Secretary of the Commission. 
 
 Respectfully yours, 
 (Signed) A. B. Nettleton, 
 
 Acting Secretary, 
 
 It is therefore apparent that this sum of $20,000 is now 
 clearly available to defray the cost and expenses of any agents 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 209 
 
 who may be employed by the Commission to visit foreign coun- Third ses- 
 tries, or of any agencies employed for purposes connected with ondDay. 
 the admission of foreign goods for exhibition; and your Com- 
 mittee would respectfully recommend that authority be ex- 
 pressly conferred upon it to make such judicious expenditure of 
 this fund in the direction referred to as will, in its judgment, be 
 the most highly promotive of the success of the foreign depart- 
 ment of the Exhibition. 
 
 The foregoing report having been submitted to the full 
 Committee on Foreign Affairs, at a meeting held in Chicago on 
 the nineteenth day of November, 1890, the same was unani- 
 mously approved, and the Committee directed its submission to 
 the Commission. 
 
 Attest: Geo. V. Massey, 
 
 Secretary. 
 
 Mr. Martindale, Chairman of the Committee on Grounds 
 and Buildings, submitted the following report, which was read, 
 ordered printed in the Official Minutes, and laid upon the table 
 as the second order of business for 11 o'clock, Thursday: 
 
 Report of the Committee on Grounds and Buildings. 
 
 To the President and Coi7imissioners of the World's Columbian 
 Commission: 
 
 The undersigned Committee on Grounds and Buildings, ap- ^^P^,'2^^f 
 pointed under Section 10 of the By-Laws, which provides ''that fngscom^* 
 this Committee shall have charge and supervision of the grounds ™"'^*^^- 
 and buildings in so far as the Commission may lawfully exercise 
 authority over the same; and shall also examine and report to 
 the Commission as to the provision made by the World's Colum- 
 bian Exposition for such buildings," would respectfully report 
 that the Committee was called together by the authority of the 
 President of the Commission assembling in Chicago on the 14th 
 inst., and on invitation of a sub-committee of the Committee 
 on Grounds and Buildings of the Chicago Directory have met 
 with their sub-committee in conference in reference to the scope 
 and character of the buildings to be placed upon the Lake Front 
 and those to be placed in South Park. 
 
 By the fifth section of the Act of Congress the National 
 Commission is " empowered in its discretion to accept for the pur- 
 poses of the World's Columbian Exposition such site as may be 
 selected and offered and such plans and specifications of build- 
 
210 WorWs Columbian Commission. 
 
 ^8ion-sec ^'^^^ ^^ ^^ erected for such purpose at the expense of and ten- 
 ondDay. clcrcd by the Corporation organized under the laws of the State 
 of Illinois, known as ' The World's Exposition of eighteen 
 hundred and ninety-two:' Provided, That said site so tendered 
 and the buildings proposed to be erected thereon shall be 
 deemed by said Commission adequate to the purposes of said 
 Exposition." 
 
 The power herein conferred on the Commission is limited 
 to the acceptance or rejection of such site as may be selected 
 and offered, and such plans and specifications of buildings to be 
 erected thereon as may be tendered by the Directory. The sites 
 heretofore selected and offered by the Directory have been 
 promptly accepted by the Commission. The Washington Park 
 site, selected and offered by the Directory and accepted by the 
 Commission on the 23d day of September last, was recognized 
 by both the Commission and Directory as a compromise meas- 
 ure, it being understood that a Fine Art Building (which by our 
 classification includes decorative art), a Music Hall, and Elec- 
 trical display, meaning nightly display, might be placed upon tlie 
 Lake Front, and that the remainder of the Fair should go to 
 Washington and Jackson Parks, and it was further understood 
 that the Directory would rent the Washington Club Park for at 
 least August, September, and October for use in the Live Stock 
 display. By this arrangement, biinging'the Live Stock show on 
 Washington Club Park in close proximity to the main buildings 
 on Washington Park, the Live Stock men became reconciled to 
 a division of the Exposition, and it was the subject of congrat- 
 ulations among not only the Commission and Directory, but by 
 the country at large. The following is a statement of the action 
 of the Commission, the l^irectory, and the South Park Commis- 
 sioners in connection with the selection, presentation, and ac- 
 ceptance of Washington Park as a site: 
 
 On the 20th of September the National Commission passed, 
 by a unanimous vote, the following resolution : 
 
 '■'■Resolved, That in the opinion of this Commission one single 
 site for the World's Columbian Exposition is especially desirable; 
 it is also especially desirable that a part of such site should 
 border upon the lake; that in the opinion of this Commission 
 the Directors of the World's Columbian Exposition may procure 
 and present to this Commission the most desirable site by 
 adopting Washington Park, the Midway Plaisance, and that part 
 of Jackson Park lying south of the north line of the Midway 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 211 
 
 Plaisance, extended through to the lake, together with the Wash- Third sen- 
 
 gj(){] B6C* 
 
 ington Park Club for live stock and speed exhibits; that, while ondDay. 
 we do not at this time reconsider our action accepting Jackson 
 Park and the Lake Front, we respectfully but earnestly request 
 the Directors of the World's Columbian Exposition to procure 
 and present to this Commission the single site above outlined," 
 
 This resolution was placed in the hands of the Chicago 
 Directory late on Saturday, the 20th of September, and on 
 Monday, the 226, the Directory passed the following resolutions: 
 
 " Whereas, The Commissioners of the Columbian Exposi- 
 tion have requested this Board to obtain, if possible, from the 
 South Park Board a tender of Washington Park for Exposition 
 purposes; and, 
 
 " Whereas, This Board concurs with the honorable Com- 
 missioners in the belief that the use of Washington Park is 
 essential to the full and complete presentment of the Exposition 
 in a manner convenient to the public; and, 
 
 ''Whereas, This Board has, by its Committee appointed for 
 the purpose, again presented to the South Park Commissioners 
 the necessity for a tender of Washington Park in addition to the 
 area already tendered by them, which necessity the Commis- 
 sioners have recognized by resolutions duly adopted; therefore, 
 
 ^'Resolved^ That, in the opinion of this Board, the honor of 
 Chicago and the necessities of the Exposition alike require the 
 adoption of Washington Park as an important part of the site for 
 the Columbian Exposition. 
 
 ''Resolved, That a copy of this be sent to the South Park 
 Board, and to the Columbian Exposition Commissioners, as a 
 declaration of the view of this Directory upon this subject." 
 
 These resolutions were, on the 2 2d, placed before the Board 
 of South Park Commissioners, and that Board, on the same day, 
 sent to the Directory the following, giving in addition the reasons 
 why they had, up to that time, declined to tender Washington 
 Park as a site: 
 
 " The South Park Commissioners have received from an 
 authorized committee of the Columbian Exposition Directors 
 the information that the National Commission has expressed, by 
 a substantially unanimous vote, their desire that these Directors 
 shall * procure and present to this body (the National Commis- 
 sion) the most desirable site by adopting Washington Park, the 
 Midway Plaisance, and that part of Jackson Park lying south of 
 
212 World^s Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third sea- the noFtli line of the Midway Plaisance extended through to the 
 
 ondDay!^ lake.' This information is communicated by the Committee of 
 
 the Local Directory, with a request that the Park Commissioners 
 
 enable them to meet the suggestion of the National Commission. 
 
 " A request thus made, and communication, is tantamount, 
 in the opinion of the Park Commissioners, to a notice from the 
 highest National authority that the site indicated is the best that 
 Chicago can present for the purpose of the Columbian Exposi- 
 tion, and in substance is a reasonable demand that Chicago shall 
 make good its promise to the National Legislature to provide 
 satisfactorily for the location of the Fair. The Park Commis- 
 sioners are desirous of meeting the situation fully and frankly. 
 The tender of Jackson Park, 586 acres, and Midway Plaisance, 
 60 acres, may be taken as in part, at least, evidence of this 
 desire. * * * 
 
 '' If, after considering this explanation, the National Com- 
 mission and the Chicago Directory shall still insist that the honor 
 of Chicago demands and the space needed for the Exposition 
 requires that Washington Park be more closely identified with 
 the Exposition, and that to other site area there shall be added 
 the area of this, the South Park Commissioners, upon the receipt 
 of notice to such effect, will immediately cause to be prepared, 
 and will pass, the ordinances necessary to comply with the re- 
 quest now under consideration." 
 
 That on the receipt of a certified copy of the action of the 
 South Park Commissioners from the Directory, the Commis- 
 sion passed, by unanimous vote, the following resolution; 
 
 " Now, therefore, in pursuance of the foregoing invitation 
 to further express the opinion of the National Commission in 
 reference to this question, it is hereby 
 
 ''Resolved, By the National Commission, that this Commis- 
 sion does still insist that the space needed for the Exposition 
 and to make the same adequate and satisfactory to this Com- 
 mission requires that Washington Park be added to the several 
 plats of ground heretofore tendered to this Commission as a 
 site for the Exposition, and that the addition of Washington 
 Park may be made by the Chicago Directory and will be 
 accepted by this Commission with the understanding that only 
 so much of the said several plats as may be required for Exposi- 
 tion purposes will be used; and that the presentation of said 
 park and its acceptance, with the acceptance of the I^Iidway 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 213 
 
 Plaisance, shall be a final settlement of all questions relating to Third scs- 
 the site for said Exposition." onduayf' 
 
 On the same day the Directors passed and transmitted to 
 the Commission the following resolution: 
 
 ^^ Resolved, That in addition to the area already tendered as 
 a site for the Columbian Exposition, to wit, Lake Front and 
 Jackson Park, the Directory hereby adopts and tenders to the 
 World's Columbian Commission for its acceptance Washington 
 Park and the Midway Plaisance." 
 
 The Commission, thereupon passed by unanimous vote a 
 resolution accepting Washington Park, as follows: 
 
 '■'■ Resolved, That the addition of the Midway Plaisance and 
 Washington Park be, and the same is, hereby accepted as an 
 addition to the site heretofore formally accepted as aforesaid, 
 and shall be treated and considered as an addition to and part 
 of said site, with the like effect as if the same had been origi- 
 nally included in the site as first tendered; and that all question 
 and controversy concerning the site are now satisfactorily and 
 finally settled and disposed of, the said site embracing, as now 
 accepted, the Lake Front, the whole of Jackson and Washington 
 Parks, and the area intervening between said parks, known as 
 the Midway Plaisance." 
 
 The South Park Commissioners did, on the same day, pass 
 and place in the hands of the Directory an ordinance granting 
 the use of Washington Park for the purposes of the Exposition, 
 but coupled with it a condition that no trees should be removed 
 or damage to drive-ways and permanent improvements without 
 the consent of the South Park Commissioners. • It will be 
 observed that no conditions whatever were attached to the 
 foregoing agreement of the South Park Commissioners to " pass 
 the ordinance necessary to comply with the request of the 
 Commission and the Directory, and no condition was therefore 
 attached to the tender made of Washington Park by the 
 Directory, nor in its acceptance by the Commission. Recogniz- 
 ing the desire of the Commission as expressed in its resolution 
 unanimously passed on the 20th of September, the Directors 
 caused to be prepared by their architects surveys and sketches 
 of plans for the main building on Washingtctn Park, locating the 
 same in the open meadow, and also sketches for the other 
 necessary buildings on Washington Park, and presented the same 
 tor approval to the South Park Commissioners. It should be 
 
 15 
 
214 WoiM\s Columbian Commission. 
 
 Thini s.s- borne in mind that tlie plan presented was one with which 
 oudDayr the Committee had nothing whatever to do. Neither the 
 National Commission, nor any committee or person speaking for 
 it, was in any way consulted as to the plan or the buildings pro- 
 posed, but when the same were submitted by the architect of the 
 Directory to the South Park Commissioners, to know whether the 
 same would be objectionable under the proviso contained in 
 their ordinance, the South Park Commissioners submitted the 
 following reply: 
 
 "As the area contains, with smaller glades, one great open 
 meadow of nearly loo acres, the restriction, while useful for the 
 preservation of trees of nearly twenty years' growth as placed, 
 was not a hindrance, in any sense, to extensive use of the park 
 for the purposes of the Exposition. The ordinance was 
 accepted. A tentative plan is now presented to the Park Com- 
 missioners for the use of Washington Park as a site for Fair 
 buildings. Such submission would not be necessary under the 
 terms of the ordinance, which leaves the Fair Directors wholly 
 free, with the proviso noted, to use the park for such buildings 
 as may be designated. The plan contemplates some eighty-five 
 acres of roof, so placed that both the letter and the spirit of 
 the ordinance would be transgressed if the construction were to 
 go on as planned. 
 
 "The removal of a few trees or clumps of trees would be 
 immaterial. The plan invades a large area of the oldest, best- 
 established, and thriftiest tree-growth of the park. The dam- 
 age, if not wholly irreparable, would long disfigure the park, 
 and as it is absolutely unnecessary, when nearly i,ooo acres of 
 the South Park system can be drawn on, the Park Commission- 
 ers must suggest that the construction be kept within the liberal 
 terms of the accepted ordinance. 
 
 " The money damage to the park the Directory is obligated 
 to make good. It is not necessary, therefore, to dwell upon that 
 point. A lawn may be created in a single season; the work 
 of a few months restores drive-ways; but no transplanting can 
 restore, short of a generation, the beauty of a wood it has taken 
 a generation to establish." 
 
 A controversy has thus arisen over the use of Washington 
 Park as pledged by the Directory and the South Park Com- 
 missioners, in which the Commission can take no part directly, 
 as it can only pass upon the plans and specifications of the 
 buildings when presented to them for acceptance by the Direct- 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 215 
 
 ory. The Committee of the Directory express their desire to Tinm ses- 
 have the plans approved by the South Park Commissioners, and ^mUMT.' 
 to have the conditions contained in the ordinance removed, 
 or so modified that Washington Park may be used for the main 
 building, according to the resolutions and understanding of all 
 parties at the September meeting of the Commission. 
 
 Your Committee would further report that on the loth of 
 November, at a meeting of the Directory, the following resolu- 
 tions were passed by them: 
 
 "Whereas, It is understood by the State and city authori- 
 ties, as well as by the citizens of Chicago generally, that in 
 locating the Exposition, part should be placed on the Lake 
 Front; and, 
 
 " Whereas, It is believed that such an occupancy by a por- 
 tion of the Exposition will be most conducive to its great and 
 permanent success; now, therefore, 
 
 "■Resolved, That it is the sense of this Board of Directors 
 that there should be located upon the Lake Front these items of 
 the Exposition: 
 
 " I. The Art Exhibit building, which «hall contain all oil- 
 paintings, water-colors, engravings, and statuary that shall be 
 exhibited at the World's Columbian Exposition. 
 
 '' 2. The Decorative Art building, which shall contain all 
 jewelry, diamonds, watches, • gold and silver ornaments, clocks, 
 bronzes, embroideries, tapestries, rugs, Persian carpets, china, 
 bric-a-brac, gold and silverware, and all other articles intended 
 for the decoration of the person, table, or house that shall be 
 exhibited at the World's Columbian Exposition. 
 
 "3. The building in which shall be displayed the exhibit 
 of electrical appliances and devices. 
 
 " 4- Governmental Department exhibits, including exhibits 
 from the State Department, Treasury Department, War Depart- 
 ment, Navy Department, Interior Department, Post-Office De- 
 partment, Department of Justice, Smithsonia-n Institution, and 
 National Museum and Fish and Fisheries Department. 
 
 *'5. Musical Hall. 
 
 "6. The Water Palace, if any. 
 
 " 7. A portion of certain miniature villages and settlements 
 of curious nationalities, such as Indian, Egyptian, Persian, Cen- 
 tral African, Chinese, Japanese, Armenian, Russian, and others. 
 
 " 8. An aquarium building. 
 
216 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third See- " q. An elcctric fountain and other exhibits analogous to 
 
 slon— Sec- -^ 
 
 oud Day. the foregoing, or supplementary thereto, and necessary to make 
 the Lake Front exhibition equal in interest and attractiveness 
 to the other portions of the Fair. 
 
 " Resolved, That a special committee of four, of which the 
 President shall be Chairman, be appointed by the chair to pre- 
 sent this resolution to the Grounds and Buildings Committees of 
 the United States Commission, with the view of securing their 
 concurrence in the premises." 
 
 That in pursuance of said resolutions President Gage ap- 
 pointed Directors Palmer, Higinbotham, Cregier, and Young as 
 such Committee, and gave notice to your Committee to meet 
 them at 3.30 p. m., on Friday; that your Committee, together 
 with President Palmer, attended said meeting and heard fully 
 the arguments of the various members of the Committee, with 
 a view to learning the reasons that actuated the Directory in pass- 
 ing said resolutions, and desiring to secure our concurrence there- 
 in. The arguments were not new. They were familiar to your 
 Committee and would no doubt be to you. Sketches of build- 
 ings to be constructtid on the Lake Front to accommodate that 
 portion of the exhit)it authorized by the resolutions were pre- 
 sented and examined by your Committee. Part of these build- 
 ings were to be located east and part west of the Illinois Cen- 
 tral Railroad track, viaducts to be provided, and the roadway, as 
 far as practicable, to be covered over. The smoke from the en- 
 gines and the constant ringing of bells and blowing of whistles 
 in the midst of the Exposition buildings would, in the opinion 
 of your Committee, be a fatal objection to such construction, 
 and they so advised the Committee of the Directory, who ex- 
 pressed the opinion that it would be desirable to have the 
 tracks of the railroad moved out to the lake shore after making 
 the necessary fill. The Committees adjourned until 7.30 p. m., 
 on Saturday evening, when the complications that have arisen in 
 the use of Washington Park were brought up, and this with the 
 comparative advantages as between Washington and Jackson 
 Parks for the main Exposition buildings were fully discusse^. 
 The architects of the Directory, who were present with surveys 
 and sketches of the buildings as they would design them for 
 each park, are decided in their preference for Jackson Park. 
 Without reaching any conclusion, the Committees adjourned to 
 meet at 3.30 p. m., on Monday, at the rooms of the Directory. 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 217 
 
 At the meetin": on Monday, the Executive Committee of Third ses- 
 
 * •' ' pfon— See- 
 
 the Commission by invitation attended in a body, and by mvita- ^^^^ ^^y- 
 
 tion of the Committee of the Directory the Congressional 
 Committee on the World's Fair also attended, and an exhaustive 
 report was made by Messrs. Burnham and Root showing the 
 comparative advantages of Washington and Jackson parks as 
 the location of the main buildings, and making a very strong 
 showing in favor of Jackson Park. They claim that it will take 
 $1,115,700 to improve Jackson Park in a manner fit for its occu- 
 pancy by the Exposition buildings. Of this sum the South Park 
 Board will be able to contribute $230,000 which it has on hand 
 for the improvement of this park. It will cost, the engineers 
 say, $826,000 to make Washington Park equally serviceable for 
 Exposition purposes, and to that expenditure would have to 
 be added $200,000 to restore it. Assuming the calculation to be 
 correct, the saving of money by improving Jackson Park 
 would be about $150,000, and these experts claim it would 
 amount to even $200,000. 
 
 The Directory, at their meeting on Monday evening, con- 
 sidered the resolution passed by the Executive Committee of the 
 Commission in reference to the demand that they make good 
 their unconditional tender of Washington Park by securing a 
 modification of the ordinance of the South Pdrk Commissioners, 
 passed the following resolution : 
 
 Resolved^ That Messrs. Palmer, Davis, and Jeffery be ap- 
 pointed a committee to wait on the South Park Commissioners 
 and request them to so amend the ordinance granting the use 
 of Washington Park, as to allow the use of the same for the 
 World's Columbian Exposition without restrictions; and, be it 
 further 
 
 Resolved^ That President Palmer, or such other Commissioner 
 as he may select, and Mr. Martindale be requested to accom.pany 
 said committee. 
 
 President Palmer and Commissioners Martindale and 
 White, of the Committee on Grounds and Buildings; Mr, Ritchie, 
 Chairman of the Committee on Manufacturing, and Mr. Sims, 
 Chairman of the Committee on Electricity, met with the Com- 
 mittee of the Directory and the Board of South Park Commis- 
 sioners at 2.30 p. M., on Tuesday, and appealed to said South 
 Park Commissioners for such modification ot cheir ordinance as 
 would enable the use of Washington Park for the mam build- 
 ings of the Exposition. This appeal was made earnestly and in 
 
218 World\s Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third SOS all jTOod faith by the Directory and their Committees. The 
 8lon-Si'c- ** \ . , ,. , , •.. J- 
 
 ond Day. Soiith Park Commissioners declined to make any written modi- 
 fication of the ordinance, but expressed a friendly disposition 
 to give the ordinance a liberal construction in case it was 
 decided to place the main buildings or any considerable number 
 of the minor buildings on Washington Park. That at the 
 meeting of the Directory, held on Monday evening, the following 
 resolution was adopted to take the place of the one adopted by 
 that body on the evening of the loth, in reference to the use of 
 the Lake Front: 
 
 '' In pursuance of the report of the conference committee, 
 and in harmony with the report of the Committee on Grounds 
 and Buildings, 
 
 ''Resolved, That the report of said Grounds and Buildings 
 Committee be accepted and adopted, locating the following 
 buildings on the Lake Front, to-wit: The decorative art 
 building, the art building, music hall, electrical display, a portion 
 of the villages, aquarium, underground mine (if any), water 
 palace (if any), steel tower (if any), and also such other exhibits 
 as are germane thereto: Provided, That no buildings shall be 
 located east of the Illinois Central Railroad tracks." 
 
 That after the conference with and unsuccessful appeal 
 made to the Board of South Park Commissioners by the Joint 
 Committee of the Directory and the Commission, the Directory 
 held a meeting and passed by almost unanimous vote the follow- 
 ing resolutions: 
 
 Resolved, That after many months of careful consideration, 
 and having studied the reports and figures of our consulting ar- 
 chitects and engineers, it is the sense of this Board that, as orig- 
 inally contemplated, the best interests of the Exposition demand 
 that the same be mainly located in Jackson Park, including the 
 principal buildings and the agricultural exhibit, to be united 
 with such portion on the Lake Front as has been recently prac- 
 tically agreed upon by the Conference Committee of the National 
 Commission and this Board ; the overflow of the Exposition, in 
 case the above-mentioned site should prove to any extent inade- 
 cpiate, to be ]:)laced upon Midway Plaisance and that part of 
 Washington Park adjoining and abutting on said Midway 
 Plaisance. 
 
 That in considering tlie (jucstion of the location of the main 
 buildings on Jackson Park your Committee recognized the follow- 
 ing facts: 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 219 
 
 1. The Congressional Committee who have made a careful Third ses- 
 
 ^ sion— Sec- 
 
 examination of the two parks unanimously favor and advise the o"'i J>ay 
 
 location on Jackson Park. 
 
 2. The members of the Board of Control of the Govern- 
 ment Exhibit are unanimous in their opinion that Jackson Park 
 furnishes the better facilities for the Government Exhibit by 
 reason of economy in handling large guns. The use of the lake 
 for the proper display of their Life-saving Station and the Fish- 
 eries and Navy Exhibit. 
 
 3. That the Engineers and Architects have an unobstructed 
 and unrestricted field in laying out and planning the grounds and 
 buildings and utilizing waterways among the buildings. 
 
 4. That the Agricultural and Live Stock display can be made 
 on the 80 acres ot high land in the southwest corner of the park, 
 thereby bringing them in close proximity to the main and most 
 attractive part of the Exposition. 
 
 5. That the large meadow on Washington Park will be left 
 free for the use of military and civic displays, which will be an 
 attractive feature of the Exposition. 
 
 6. That Jackson Park may be more conveniently connected 
 by rail with the display on the Lake Front, so that one ticket will 
 enable visitors to reach all parts of the Exposition, being carried 
 by through trains from the inclosure at the Lake Front to the 
 inclosure at Jackson Park. 
 
 7. That forbidding any display on the east side of the 
 Illinois Central Railroad tracks on the Lake Front, the Jackson 
 Park Lake front will be the only one furnishing visitors to the 
 Exposition an unobstructed lake view. 
 
 8. That the Directory who were elected to represent the 
 subscribers to the fund of over $6,000,000 and the City of Chicago 
 in its municipal character, which is to advance $5,000,000, have 
 almost unanimously voted in favor of locating the main Exposi- 
 tion Buildings in Jackson Park. 
 
 Your Committee, therefore, after giving all the facts due 
 and disinterested consideration, would respectfully recommend 
 to the Commission the passage of the following resolutions: 
 
 I. Resolved, That the question of site so happily and unani- 
 mously settled at the September meeting of this Commission, 
 and then declared to be " satisfactorily and finally settled and 
 disposed of," shall remain undisturbed. 
 
220 WorUr s ColuDihian Commission. 
 
 Third Sfs- 2. Resolvcd, That we will approve plans and specifications 
 
 8lon— SfC- 111 1 
 
 undDay. for suitable and adequate buildings, when presented b)^ the 
 Directory, to be located west of the Illinois Central Railroad 
 tracks on that part of the site known as *'The Lake Front," 
 to-wit : The art building, decorative art building (for goods 
 known in the classification as Department ''K"), music hall, 
 electrical display, water palace (if any), and steel tower (if any), 
 and also such other exhibits as are germane thereto, 
 
 3. Resolved^ That we will approve plans and specifications 
 for suitable and adequate buildings, when presented by the 
 Directory, to be located on that part of the site known as 
 Jackson Park, in which to make the display under the following 
 departments of the classifications, to-wit: Department A, 
 Agriculture, Forest Products, Forestry, Machinery and Appli- 
 ances. Department B, Viticulture, Horticulture, Floriculture. 
 Department C, Live Stock, Domestic and Wild Animals. De- 
 partment D, Fish, Fisheries, Fish Products, and Apparatus of 
 Fishing. Department E, Mines, Mining, and Metallurgy. 
 Department F, Machinery. Department G, Transportation, 
 Railways, Vessels, and Vehicles. Department H, Manufactures. 
 Department J, Electricity. Department M, Ethnology, Archae- 
 ology, Progress of Labor and Invention, and Department L, 
 with the exception of Music and the Drama, also to be located 
 on said park; the Government Building, the State Buildings, and 
 Foreign Buildings, and such other exhibits as are germane 
 thereto, and the overflow to be accommodated on the Midway 
 Plaisance and Washington Park. 
 
 In conclusion, your Committee would say for the informa- 
 tion of the Commission, that no plans and specifications as con- 
 templated by the Fifth Section of the Act of Congress, have been 
 presented to this Committee, and they are informed that no such 
 plans and specifications are yet definitely decided upon by the 
 architects of the Directory. The architects, however, give it 
 as their opinion that outlined tentative plans and very general 
 specifications may be prepared and ready for presentation to this 
 Commission within three or four days. In view of the impor- 
 tance of having all (juestions as to the location of the Fair 
 definitely settled by the Commission and in the public mind, 
 your Committee would recommend that these outlined plans and 
 specifications be presented by the Directory and accepted by this 
 Commission at its present session, and that by agreement of both 
 bodies in making such acceptance, latitude be given to make 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 221 
 
 minor changes in perfecting: the plans; such changes to be sub- Third ses- 
 ject to the approval of a joint Committee of the Directory and ""^ii^ay- 
 Commission. 
 
 All of which is respectfully reported for your confirmation. 
 
 E. B. Martindale, Chairma7i^ 
 Richard Mansfield White, 
 Mark L. McDonald, 
 John T. Harris, 
 Thomas Smith, 
 M. Henry Lane. 
 
 On motion of Mr. St. Clair, of West Virginia, the report of 
 the Executive Committee, submitted on Tuesday, November 
 i8th, and now on the table, was made the third order of business 
 for II o'clock on Thursday. 
 
 Mr. Bullock, of Massachusetts, offered the following resolu- cation 
 
 adopted. 
 
 tion, which was adopted: 
 
 Resolved^ That the report of a system of classification of the 
 Committee on Classification be adopted as the classification of 
 the World's Columbian Commission, subject to such revision of 
 the groups and classes and additions thereto as may hereafter 
 be deemed necessary; all matters relating to such revision, and 
 additions to the groups and classes, to be referred to the Com- 
 mittee on Classification. 
 
 Mr. Lowndes, of Maryland, offered the following resolution, 
 which was adopted: 
 
 Resolved^ That the members of the Commission be requested 
 not to smoke in this hall during the sessions of the Commission. 
 
 Mr. McKenzie, of Kentucky, called up the letter of the 
 Secretary of the Commission, with the accompanying sugges- 
 tions as to the formalities to be observed by members of the 
 Commission in preparing vouchers for their expenses and sub- 
 sistence. 
 
 After considerable debate, upon the motion of Mr. McKen- 
 zie it was ordered that 300 copies be printed for the informa- 
 tion of Commissioners. 
 
 Mr. Goff, of Rhode Island, offered the following resolution, 
 which was adopted: 
 
222 World's Cohimhian Commission. 
 
 Third ses- Resolved, That durin<( the recesses of this Commission the 
 
 8lon— Sec- 
 
 ondDay. officer ill charge be instructed to allow no person not a member 
 of this Commission to have access to the desks or papers in this 
 room. 
 
 Mr. Britton, of the District of Columbia, offered the follow- 
 ing resolution, which was, under the rule, referred to the Com- 
 mittee on Judiciary, Rules, and By-Laws: 
 
 Resolved^ That the Buildings and Grounds Committee be 
 increased by the addition of two members, to be appointed by 
 the President of the Commission. 
 
 The Commission then adjourned until Thursday morning 
 
 at lo o'clock. 
 
 Third Session— Third Day, Thursday, 
 November 20, 1890. 
 
 ™oS-^^ The Commission met in the Council Chamber, City Hall, 
 
 Third Day. 
 
 at 10 o'clock A. M. President Palmer in the chair. 
 Roll-call. The roll was called, and the following ^Members and Alter- 
 
 nates were present: 
 
 Commissioners-at-Large. — California, M. L. McDonald; 
 Kentucky, W. Lindsay; Massachusetts, A. G. Bullock; Michigan, 
 T. W. Palmer; Nebraska, R. W. Furnas, alternate; New York, 
 G. W. Allen. 
 
 Commissioners of the District of Columbia. — A. T. Brit- 
 ton, D. Clagett, alternate. 
 
 Commissioners of the States. — Alabama, G. L. Werth, 
 alternate; Arkansas, J. D. Adams; California, M. H. de Young, W. 
 Forsyth; Colorado, R. E. Goodell, F. J. V. Skiff ; Connecticut, L. 
 Brainard, T. M. Waller; Delaware, G. V. Massey, W. H. Porter; 
 Florida, J. Hirst, R. Turnbull; Georgia, L. McLaws, C. H. Way; 
 Idaho, G. A. Manning, J. I^. Stearns; Illinois, C. H. Deere, A. T. 
 Ewing; Indiana, T. E. Garvin, E. B. Martindale; Iowa, W. F. 
 ^^•'i^» J- Eiboeck, alternate; Kansas, C. K. Holliday, Jr., R. R. 
 Price; Kentucky, J. P.ennett, J. A. McKenzie; Louisiana, D. B. 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 223 
 
 Penn, P.J. McMahon, alternate; Maine, A. R. Bixby, C. S. Ed-Th»^dse8|^^ 
 wards, alternate; Maryland, J. Hodges, L. Lowndes; Massachu- '*"*■ 
 setts, F. W. Breed; Michigan, M. H. Lane, C. H. Richmond; 
 Minnesota, M. B. Harrison, O. V. Tousley; Mississippi, J. M. 
 Bynum, R. L. Saunders; Missouri, T. B. Bullene, C. H. Jones; 
 Montana, A. H. Mitchell; Nebraska, A. G. Scott, W. L. May, alter- 
 nate; Nevada, J. W. Haines, G. Russell; New Hampshire, W. 
 Aiken, F. E. Kaley, alternate; New Jersey, W. J. Sewell, T. 
 Smith; New York, J. B. Thacher, J. H. Breslin, alternate; North 
 Carolina, T. B. Keogh; North Dakota, H. P. Rucker, M. Ryan; 
 Ohio, H. P. Piatt, W. Ritchie; Oregon, H. Klippel, M. Wilkins; 
 Pennsylvania, W. McClelland, J. W. Woodside; Rhode Island, 
 L. B. Goff, G. C. Sims; South Carolina, J. R. Cochran, E. L. 
 Roche, alternate; South Dakota, S. A. Ramsey, L. S. Bullard, 
 alternates: Tennessee, T. L. Williams, R. Strong, alternate; 
 Texas, J. T. Dickinson; Vermont, A. F. Walker, H. Atkins, 
 alternates; Virginia, V, D. Groner, J. T. Harris; Washington, 
 H. Drum, C. B. Bagley, alternate; West Virginia, J. D. Butt, J. 
 W. St. Clair; Wisconsin, P. Allen, Jr., J. L. Mitchell; Wyoming, 
 A. S. Mercer, alternate. 
 
 Commissioners of the Territories. — Arizona, G. F. Coats; 
 New Mexico, R. M. White, L. C. Tetard, alternate; Oklahoma, 
 O. Beeson, J. D. Miles; Utah, F. J. Kiesel, P. H. Lannan. 
 
 Mr. Garvin, of Indiana, as Chairman of the Committee on Report of 
 ' ' trie Audit- 
 
 Auditing, submitted the following report, which was ordered to jnftfe"'"' 
 
 be printed and to lie on the table for action Friday morning 
 
 after the regular order: 
 
 Chicago, November 19, 1890. 
 Hon. Thos. W. Palmer, President World's Columbian Com- 
 mission: 
 
 Dear Sir: Your Committee on Auditing respectfully sub- 
 mit to you and to the Commission the following report: 
 
 The Committee met in this city on the 13th inst., in pur- 
 suance of your request and also of a resolution of the Committee 
 adopted at its first meeting, held September 24, 1890. The duties 
 of this Committee, as defined in the By-Laws of this body, are as 
 follows: "They shall have charge of examining and auditing 
 all bills and accounts of this Commission." 
 
224 World s Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third 8«'8- The Committee have examined into the methods employed 
 
 Third Day. ij-, i\^q Secretary's otfice in keeping the accounts of the Com- 
 mission, and found that all vouchers were prepared in duplicate 
 and forwarded to the Treasury Department for allowance and 
 payment; that a second duplicate is filed in his office with the 
 claim, contract or account upon which the voucher is based, 
 attached thereto for preservation and reference. These vouchers 
 are numbered consecutively, commencing at No. i at the organ- 
 ization of the Commission. Upon each voucher is stamped the 
 distribution of its amounts, by showing what part of it is 
 chargeable to transportation, subsistence, salaries, supplies, 
 fi.xtures, printing, and incidentals, which are the respective heads 
 under which all the accounts of the Commission are classified, 
 and appear to us to be sufficiently comprehensive to embrace all 
 the expenditures. 
 
 This memorandum of distribution is in like manner trans- 
 ferred to the Register and Journal, showing at a glance what is 
 expended in each part of the Commission work. 
 
 We have examined into the correctness of figures in each 
 voucher, and the distribution of its amount, from the organiza- 
 tion of the Commission up to the present date, and which 
 embraces all vouchers from A No. i to A No. 204, B No. i to 
 B No. 71, inclusive. 
 
 The account-books of the Commission are the Voucher. 
 Register and Journal and Ledger, which we have also examined, 
 comparing each voucher with the entry upon the books, and 
 finding a complete verification throughout, and also finding the 
 total of each and every column to be correct, and that the Ledger 
 shows the individual account of each Commissioner. 
 
 The system, as prepared by Mr. O. R. Sinclair, the very 
 efficient accountant, and adopted by Secretary Dickinson, is simple 
 and comprehensive, and is of great assistance to the perfect 
 examination of accounts. The various purchases of supplies 
 made by the Secretary for use of the Commission have been, so 
 far as we were able to judge, made in the spirit of wisdom and 
 economy. An inventory is kept in his office of all property 
 purchased and owned by the Commission, and its care and 
 preservation is made the duty of one of the employes of his 
 office, in connection with other duties. 
 
 We find the following to be the summary of the expenses of 
 the Commission, as per vouchers, and forwarded to the Secretary 
 of the Treasury for payment : 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 225 
 
 First session of the Commission (of which $6,624. c;6 Third ses- 
 
 was for transportation and $7,406 for subsist- ThiruDay 
 
 ence) $15,806 61 
 
 Second session of the Commission (of which $4,524.32 
 was for transportation and $6,633.50 for sub- 
 sistence) .__ 135463 48 
 
 Centennial reports for Commissioners (purchased by 
 
 Committee on Permanent Organization) 1,324 40 
 
 Expense of Committee on Permanent Organization-- 423 05 
 
 Expense of Committee on Judiciary 207 40 
 
 Expense of Executive Committee 1,241 36 
 
 Expense of Committee on Classification ._ i,473 7° 
 
 Expense of Committee on Ceremonies 72 85 
 
 Expense of Committee on Fish and Fish Culture 71 50 
 
 Expense of Committee on Electricity and Electrical 
 
 Appliances 18 15 
 
 Expense of Committee on Grounds and Buildings 132 90 
 
 Expense of Committee on Foreign Affairs 20 85 
 
 Expense of Committee on Fine Arts 221 92 
 
 Lady Managers (lithographs and printing of commis- 
 sions) 328 55 
 
 Expense of President's office (clerkship, supplies, and 
 
 furniture) 6t,2> 49 
 
 Expense of Secretary's office (salaries, clerkships, sup- 
 plies and furniture) 5-739 95 
 
 Expense of Director-General's office (salaries, sup- 
 plies, and furniture) 2,223 45 
 
 Expense of Vice-Chairman's office (salaries, supplies, 
 
 and furniture) 912 30 
 
 Total $44,3 1 5 9 1 
 
 In addition to this there are bills and accounts outstanding 
 which have not yet been passed upon, which will increase the 
 expense of the Commission up to the time of this session to 
 about $51,000. 
 
 The amount of printing bills allowed and included in the 
 above summary is $3,077.05. It is proper to remark that, while 
 this charge of printing appears unduly large, it must be remem- 
 bered that this work was done upon the direct order of the 
 Commission; that a great amount of it was night work, which is 
 always expensive, and much of it ordered hastily; and some, in 
 fact, unnecessarily, but by order of the Commission during its 
 
226 Worlds s Columbian Commission, 
 
 Third s«-8- session. The prices charged for the printing are the customary 
 ThirdDay. j-ates for work of that kind. 
 
 While the amount expended by the Commission during the 
 five months of its existence is large, it should be borne in mind 
 that it embraces in its details the cost of organization — an 
 expense not to be repeated; that it includes the cost of the com- 
 plete ecjuipment of the various offices of the Commission, which 
 will continue in use as long as the Commission exists; that it 
 embraces stationery and various supplies sufficient to meet the 
 wants of the Commission and its officers for several months to 
 come. If the expense thus far ($51,000) be deducted from the 
 $200,000 appropriated by the Act of Congress, there would 
 remain a balance of $149,000. But it must not be assumed that 
 this apparent balance is at the command of this Commission, 
 for the United States Exhibit Board at Washington, represent- 
 ing the several departments of the Government, are also author- 
 ized to make drafts upon this fund for the purposes of the 
 National Exhibit, and to what extent this balance has been 
 depleted at that end of the line your Committee has no informa- 
 tion, but prudence indicates the necessity of indulging in no 
 expense that can be reasonably avoided. 
 
 Much labor and delay can be saved if the Commissioners 
 would be more particular in preparing their vouchers for subsist- 
 ence and transportation. We have been convinced of the 
 necessity of this, and earnestly recommend the Commission to 
 observe the suggestions made by the Secretary yesterday upon 
 this subject. The Treasury Department has forwarded to the 
 Secretary a complete and proper form for the guidance of Com- 
 missioners, and we recommend that the Secretary furnish each 
 Commissioner with a copy of that form. We also suggest that 
 Commissioners, immediately upon their return home, prepare their 
 vouchers and forward them at once to the Secretary, that they 
 may be early transmitted by him to the Secretary of the Treas- 
 ury for payment. Your attention to this will render great assist- 
 ance in expediting business and the final settlement of your claims. 
 
 In the performance of our duties we have passed only upon 
 bills that have been certified to by the Secretary and paid by the 
 Treasury Department, certifying only as to their correctness in 
 footings and transfer to the several departments to which they 
 properly belong. We have not inquired into the advisability of 
 any purchase, or the reasonableness of any charge, but simply 
 the correctness of the amounts. We are in doubt as to the scope 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 227 
 
 of our authority, and desire that this part of our report l)e re- Third ses-- 
 ferred to the Judiciary Committee, that our duties may be more TiurdOay. 
 fully defined, and that we may know if they are simply super- 
 visory, or if we are expected to pass upon the correctness of any 
 or all claims before they are allowed and paid by the Treasury. 
 
 It is but proper for us to say in conclusion, that the multi- 
 tude of duties imposed upon the Secretary of the Commission 
 in its organization and plans of work has rendered it impossible 
 for him to properly arrange a system of accounts before the 
 first of October, but since that time, with the aid of his efficient 
 accountant, Mr. O. R. Sinclair, the perfect system now in use 
 has been adopted, which to us is another evidence of the wisdom 
 of this Commission in its selection of Mr. Dickinson for the 
 office of Secretary and his business ability in the choice of able 
 and obliging assistants that surround him. 
 
 Respectfully submitted, 
 
 Phil. Allen, Jr., 
 
 C. K. HOLLIDAY, Jr., 
 
 Jas. D. Butt, 
 Thos. E. Garvin, 
 
 Chairman. 
 
 Mr. Britton, of the District of Columbia, on behalf of the 
 Executive Committee, submitted the following resolution, as part 
 of the proceedings of that Committee, which was read and 
 ordered printed as part of the minutes of the Commission: 
 
 Resolved, That the resolution of this Executive Committee 
 relating to the vouchers of the Foreign Affairs Committee was 
 intended to simply refer the communication of the Secretary of 
 the Treasury to the Commission, and to hold the matter in abey- 
 ance until the Foreign Affairs Committee should have presented 
 the subject in its own way to the Commission, and should have 
 secured appropriate action thereupon ; and that the record of the 
 Committee should be corrected so as to express that intent in 
 such form as will remove any appearance of intentional discourt- 
 esy to the Foreign Affairs Committee. 
 
 Mr. Groner, of Virginia, as Chairman of the Committee on 
 Tariffs and Transportation, called up the report of the Committee 
 and asked that it be read and made tiie special order succeed- 
 ing the consideration of the report of the Executive Committee, 
 and it was so ordered. 
 
228 World's Columhiaii Commission. 
 
 Tiiird ses- Mr. RuckcF, of North Dakota, submitted the following reso- 
 
 ihirdDay. jjj^j^j^ from the Committee on Live Stock, which was ordered to 
 be printed in the minutes: 
 
 Resolved^ That this Committee indorse the protest made by 
 the Committee on Tariffs and Transportation regarding the ap- 
 pointment of a Traffic Manager by the Director-General without 
 consulting said Committee or its Chairman. 
 
 The President submitted the following communication 
 from the Convention of Breeders of Holstein-Friesian Cattle, 
 now in session in the city, which was ordered to lie upon the 
 table for future consideration: 
 
 Whereas, Being deeply interested as breeders of fine 
 cattle, that the live-stock exhibit of the World's Fair be made 
 the finest, if not the most extensive (which we believe it should 
 be) that has ever yet been witnessed, and realizing the great 
 risk and expense owners of valuable animals must incur in the 
 fitting, transportation, and care during an extended period, it is 
 therefore 
 
 Resolved^ That we respectfully ask: 
 
 1. For liberal space and buildings within the general 
 inclosure of the Fair. 
 
 2. For liberal cash premiums, in order that exhibitors may 
 be assured of at least partial reimbursement of expenses incurred. 
 
 consiuera- The hour of II o'clock havingf arrived, the report of the 
 
 Grounds Committee on Foreign Affairs, which was the special order, was 
 
 and Hiii'd- 
 
 injis com-by unanimous consent laid aside temporarily, without losing 
 place, and the report of the Committee on Grounds and Build- 
 ings was taken up on motion of Mr. Martindale, of Indiana, 
 Chairman. 
 
 Mr. de Young of California, offered the following amend- 
 ment to the report: 
 
 Amend the second resolution to read as follows: 
 
 2. Resolved^ That we will approve plans and specifications 
 for suitable and adequate buildin'gs, when presented by the 
 Directory, to be located west of the Illinois Central Railroad 
 tracks, on that part of the site known as " The Lake Front," 
 to-wit: The art and decorative art buildings (for goods known 
 in the classification as Department "K"), music hall, electrical 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 229 
 
 display, water palace (if any), and steel tower (if any), and also Third ses- 
 
 11 1-1- , slon— 
 
 such Other exhibits as are germane thereto. ThirdDay. 
 
 (Mr. McKenzie in the chair.) 
 
 Mr. Mercer, of Wyoming, offered the following amendment 
 to the amendment: 
 
 Resolved, That the report of the Committee on Grounds and 
 Buildings be and the same is hereby amended as follows : 
 Change the second resolution so as to read : 
 2. Resolved, That we will approve plans and specifications 
 for suitable and adequate buildings, when presented by the 
 Directory, to be located west of the Illinois Central Railroad 
 tracks, on that part of the site known as " The Lake Front," 
 to-wit : The art building (for goods known in the classification 
 as Department '' K "), music hall, electrical plant for night dis- 
 play, water palace (if any), and steel tower (if any). 
 
 Mr. Mercer sent to the desk and had read as part of his re- 
 marks the following preamble and resolutions of the Western 
 Fair Association : 
 
 Whereas, The matter of locating the site and distributing . 
 the buildings for the World's Fair of 1893 is now under consid- 
 eration by the United States World's Fair Commission; and, 
 
 W^HEREAS, A proposition has been made to that body to 
 place a number of important departments upon what is known 
 as the '' Lake Front," and the residue upon grounds several 
 miles distant therefrom; and. 
 
 Whereas, We the delegates to this meeting of the \Vestern 
 Fair Association, representing the States of Ohio, Michigan^ 
 Indiana, Illinois, Missouri, Kansas, Nebraska, Wisconsin, Iowa, 
 Minnesota, Oregon, Wyoming, and Colorado, have considered 
 the subject and feel a deep interest in the success of the proposed 
 Fair; it is therefore 
 
 Resolvedy That we do hereby, on behalf of our several con- 
 stituencies, most earnestly object to, and protest against, any 
 such separation whatever as contemplated by the Directory of 
 the Local Corporation, for the following among other good and 
 sufficient reasons: 
 
 1. No local conditions as to grounds render it imperative 
 or in the slightest degree justify it. 
 
 2. It would detract immensely from the significance and 
 importance of the Fair as a whole. 
 
 16 
 
230 World^s Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third ses- ^ It involvcs a plain discrimination against the interests 
 
 ThJrd Day ^^^ vocations of the millions of our citizens engaged in the pur- 
 suits of agriculture and the mechanical arts, prompted by consid- 
 erations which are wholly unworthy a moment's attention at the 
 hands of a body composed of American scholars and statesmen; 
 it is, therefore, further 
 
 Resolved, That the members of the National Commission 
 are hereby urgently requested to firmly exercise their legal 
 authority, under which they alone are responsible to the people, 
 and to refuse their approval of any scheme by which it is sought 
 to place any one or more legitimate integral department or 
 departments of the World's Fair remote from the residue, thus 
 preserving it in all its essential parts compact and entire. 
 
 (Signed) J. L. Lewis, Secretary. 
 
 Chicago, November iS, 1890. 
 
 ^Sted. The proposea amendments of Mr. de Young and Mr. Mercer 
 
 were voted down, and the report of the Committee was adopted. 
 
 Mr. St. Clair, of West Virginia, offered the following pre- 
 amble and resolution, which, by unanimous consent, was made 
 the special order for 2 o'clock p. m. to-day: 
 Resolution Whereas This Commissiou, at its session in September, 
 
 for Select ' . . , c ' ^ ^ a' 
 
 ^°°*^/" i8qo bv the unanimous adoption of the report of its Judiciary 
 "'"'"• Committee, declared its views of the rights, powers, and privi- 
 leges whereof it is possessed touching the World's Fair under- 
 taking; and, 
 
 W^HEREAS, In the lawful pursuit of the powers wherewith it 
 believes itself to be invested, this Commission has exercised due 
 diligence touching all matters which it is clearly its province 
 preliminarily to determine, to promote the success and prosperity 
 of the said Fair as a National and International undertaking, but 
 in all its efforts in that direction it has been confronted with 
 delays and impediments arising out of the omission of the Illi- 
 nois Corporation to tender an adequate and proper site, and its 
 failure to submit plans and specifications of the buildings for 
 approval, as contemplated by the Act of Congress, so that the 
 proper and necessary certification may be made to the President 
 of the United States in that behalf; and, 
 
 Whereas, This Commission has effected its organization, 
 and appointed its officers promptly, in order that it might be 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 231 
 
 equipped effectively to discharge its functions with the greatest Third ses- 
 promptitude, but notwithstanding this, and although the present ThTrdDay. 
 session was called expressl)^ to consider the plans and specifica- 
 tions of buildings, no plans have yet been submitted by the 
 Illinois Corporation, but on the contrary, by means of published 
 interviews and otherwise, it is apparently the purpose and policy 
 of the Illinois Corporation to continue controversy with the 
 Commission as to its powers, and to reflect upon the manner in 
 which the Commission has discharged its duties; and, 
 
 Whereas, Upon the recommendation and nomination of 
 the Illinois Corporation, the Commission has elected a Director- 
 General, who is now practically refused full recognition by the 
 said Corporation; and. 
 
 Whereas, In view of these conditions, it is essentially 
 necessary that this Commission should speedily determine upon 
 a settled policy to be by it pursued, so that its lawful powers 
 may be asserted and exercised, and these unfortunate conditions 
 and difficulties may be removed and remedied; and so as that 
 the material interests and prosperity of the World's Fair may 
 not be impeded, nor its National and International character 
 in any wise disregarded; therefore 
 
 Resolved, That a Special Committee, to be composed of each 
 of the Chairmen of the several Standing Committees of this body 
 and such other Commissioners as they may add to their number, 
 be, and is hereby constituted to consider the situation of affairs set 
 forth in the preamble, and report its conclusions as to the proper 
 policy to be adopted by the Commission in the premises as early 
 as practicable, and to this end, that said Committee shall be 
 authorized to invite a conference with the Illinois Corporation. 
 
 The President presented and had read the following com- 
 munication, and recommended the members of the Commission 
 to accept the invitation therein contained: 
 
 Chicago, November 20, 1800. Lecture by 
 
 ■^ General C. 
 
 Hon. T. W. Palmer, President World's Columbian Commission: ^•^°'''°°- 
 
 Sir: The States' Association requests the Commissioners 
 and Alternates of the World's Columbian Commission to attend 
 a lecture on the subject of World's Fairs, by General C. B. Nor- 
 ton, at the Club Room of the Palmer House, on Monday evening, 
 November 24th. 
 
232 WorlcTs Columbian Commission, 
 
 Third^es- The great experience of General Norton in exposition work, 
 
 Third Day. 3n(j his thoroLigh familiarity with the subject, assure an interest- 
 ing occasion. 
 
 Very respectfully, 
 
 Leroy D. Thoman, 
 Henry Sheldon, President. 
 
 Secretary. 
 
 Mr. Dickinson, of Texas, by unanimous consent, offered the 
 following resolution, which was unanimously adopted: 
 Resolution Resolved^ That this Commission heartily congratulates the 
 
 of Presi-*'^" Board of Lady Managers of the World's Columbian Exposition 
 Board of upon their organization and the unanimous election of Mrs. 
 agers. Pottcr Palmer, of Chicago, as their permanent Chairman, and 
 that the Secretary of this Commission be directed to transmit a 
 copy of this resolution to the Board of Lady Managers immedi- 
 ately. 
 
 The Commission adjourned until 2.30 p. m. 
 
 The Commission reassembled at 2.30 ?„ m., and Mr. St. 
 Clair called up his resolutions, and moved their adoption. 
 
 Mr. de Young offered the following as a substitute: 
 
 Whereas, For the better management of the business of 
 the Exposition, the World's Columbian Commission has elected 
 a Director-General; and. 
 
 Whereas, The Illinois Corporation, in its By-Laws, has also 
 recognized the necessity for a Director-General, and recom- 
 mended to this Commission the name of Colonel Davis for 
 appointment to that place; and. 
 
 Whereas, The World's Columbian Commission has elected 
 for Director-General Colonel George R. Davis, a member of the 
 Illinois Corporation ; therefore be it 
 
 Resolved^ That the Illinois Corporation be requested, in a 
 spirit of conciliation and what is believed to be wisdom, to 
 formally recognize Colonel Davis as their Director-General as well 
 as the Director-General of the Commission, thereby uniting 
 under one head the management of the Exposition, and securing 
 harmony between the Commission and the Illinois Corporation, 
 both essential to the success of this great enterprise. 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 233 
 
 Mr. Waller, of Connecticut, moved that the original resolu- Resolution 
 
 ' ' ° for Select 
 
 tions and the substitute be referred to a select committee of euce^com- 
 
 mlttee re- 
 
 six, to consist of Mr. St. Clair, Mr. de Young, and four others, a'-geufct^ 
 
 , , . -I 1 Commit- 
 
 and the motion prevailed. tee. 
 
 The President appointed Commissioners St. Clair, de Young, 
 Lindsay, Massey, Waller, and Martindale as the Select 
 Committee. 
 
 Mr. Lindsay, Chairman of the Committee on Judiciary, ^^°'£^^^i1. 
 Rules, and By-Laws, submitted the following communication states, 
 from the Secretary of the World's Columbian Exposition Asso- 
 ciation, of Chicago: 
 
 Chicago, November 19, 1890. 
 
 Hon. Wm. Lindsay, Chairman Committee Judiciary National 
 Commission: 
 
 Dear Sir: The Chairman of the Committee on Legislation 
 of the World's Columbian Exposition requests a conference 
 between your Committee and his own, for the purpose of con- 
 sidering what legislation should be asked for of the several 
 States. 
 
 Will you kindly notify me at what time you will be pleased 
 to meet the members on Legislation. 
 
 Very respectfully, 
 
 Benj. Butterworth, 
 
 Secretary. 
 
 Mr. McKenzie moved, and it was voted, that the Judiciary 
 Committee be authorized to hold the conference asked for 
 in the foregoing communication. 
 
 Mr. Drum, of Washington, offered the following resolutions, 
 and asked that they be referred to the Select Committee just 
 appointed: 
 
 Whereas, The Act establishing this Commission, as passed 
 by the Congress of the United States, and approved April 25, 
 1890, is not sufficiently explicit in that portion of said Act 
 defining the duties and powers of both the Commissioners of the 
 World's Columbian Commission and the Directors representing 
 the Corporation established under the laws of the State of 
 Illinois, entitled in said Act as the World's Exposition of 1892, 
 as to prevent a conflict of authority in the organization and 
 
234 WorW s Qolumhiaii Commission. 
 
 Third Sea- consummation of the World's Columbian Exposition to be held in 
 
 8lon— * 
 
 Third Day. (Chicago in 1 892, as provided in said Act; therefore be it 
 
 Rf solved, That this Commission petition Congress, at its next 
 session, to so amend said law as to clearly define the exact duties 
 and powers of this Commission, and if it was not originally 
 intended in said Act of Congress that this Commission should 
 have the control of all matters relating to exhibits displayed at 
 such Exposition, to then so amend said law, defining explicitly 
 the relation this Commission shall bear to said Local Board of 
 Directors of Chicago in the arrangement and management of 
 said Exposition; 
 
 Resolved, That this Commission hold no further meetings 
 after the adjournment of the present session until Congress shall 
 have taken some action in this matter. 
 
 Mr. Massey raised the point of order that as the resolutions 
 
 of Mr. Drum contemplated changes in the By-Laws, they were 
 
 properly referable to the Judiciary Committee. 
 
 The point of order was sustained, and the resolutions were 
 so referred. 
 
 The following Committee meetings were announced: 
 
 Mines and Mining, at 4.30 p. m., in Council Chamber. 
 
 Fine Arts, in Auditorium Hotel, 4.30 p. m. 
 
 Education, Science, and Literature, at 9.30 a. m., Novem- 
 ber 21, 1890. 
 
 The Judiciary Committee, immediately upon adjournment 
 this afternoon. 
 
 Commerce, immediately upon adjournment this afternoon. 
 
 World's Congresses, in ante-room of Council Chamber, upon 
 adjournment this afternoon. 
 
 Fisheries and Fish Culture, in Council Chamber, upon 
 adjournment this afternoon. 
 
 Viticulture and Horticulture, in Council Chamber, this 
 afternoon. 
 
 Ceremonies, at 9 o'clock a. m., November 21st, in Secre- 
 tary's office. 
 
 Select Committee on St. Clair and de Young resolutions, 
 immediately upon adjournment this afternoon. 
 
 The Commission then adjourned until 10 o'clock a. m. 
 Friday. 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 235 
 
 Third Session— Fourth Day, Friday, November 21, 1800. sion-''"' 
 
 "* " Fourth 
 
 The Commission met in the Council Chamber of the City *^' 
 Hall at 10 o'clock a. m. President Palmer in the chair. 
 
 The roll was called, and the following members and alter- Rou-caii. 
 nates were present: 
 
 Commissioners-at-Large. — California, M. L. McDonald; 
 Kentucky, W. Lindsay; Massachusetts, A. G. Bullock; Michigan, 
 T. W. Palmer; Nebraska, R. W. Furnas, alternate; New York, 
 G. W. Allen. 
 
 Commissioners of the District of Columbia. — A. T. 
 Britton, D. Clagett, alternate. 
 
 C©MMissiONERS OF THE STATES. — Alabama, G. L. Werth, 
 alternate; Arkansas, J. D. Adams, T. H. Leslie, alternate; Cali- 
 fornia, M. H. de Young, W. Forsyth; Colorado, R. E. Goodell, 
 F. J. V. Skiff; Connecticut, L. Brainard, T. M. Waller; Dela- 
 ware, G. V. Massey, W. H. Porter; Florida, J. Hirst, R. Turn- 
 bull; Georgia, L. McLaws, C. H. Way; Idaho, G. A. Manning, 
 J. E. Stearns; Illinois, C. H. Deere, A. T, Ewing; Indiana, T. E. 
 Garvin, E. B. Martindale; Iowa, W. F. King, J. Eiboeck, alter- 
 nate; Kansas, C. K. Holliday, Jr., R. R. Price; Kentucky, J. 
 Bennett, J. A. McKenzie; Louisiana, D. B. Penn, P. J. McMahon, 
 alternate; Maine, A. R. Bixby, C. S. Edwards, alternate; Maryland, 
 J. Hodges; Massachusetts, F. W. Breed; Michigan, M. H. Lane, C. 
 H. Richmond; Minnesota, M. B. Harrison, O. V. Tousley; Missis- 
 sippi, J. M. Bynum, R. L. Saunders; Missouri, T. B. Bullene, C. 
 H. Jones; Montana, A. H. Mitchell; Nebraska, Euclid Martin, 
 A. G. Scott, W. L. May, alternate; Nevada, J. W. Haines, G. 
 Russell; New Hampshire, W. Aiken, F. E. Kaley, alternate; 
 New Jersey, W. J. Sewell, T. Smith; New York, J. B. Thacher, 
 J. H. Breslin, alternate; North Dakota, H. P. Rucker, M. Ryan; 
 Ohio, H. P. Piatt, W. Ritchie; Oregon, H. Klippel, M. Wilkins; 
 Pennsylvania, W. McClelland, J. W. Woodside; Rhode Island, 
 L. B. Goff, G. C. Sims; South Carolina, J. R. Cochran, E. L. 
 Roche, alternate; South Dakota, S. A. Ramsey, L. S. Bullard, 
 alternates; Tennessee, T. L. Williams, R. Strong, alternate; 
 Texas, J. T. Dickinson; Vermont, A. F. Walker, H. Atkins, 
 
236 WorlcV ii Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third Sea- alternates; Virijinia, V. D. Groner, T. T. Harris; Washington, 
 llY.'^ H. Drum, C. B. Hopkins; West Virginia, J. D. Butt, J. W. St. 
 Clair; Wisconsin, P. Allen, Jr., J. L. Mitchell; Wyoming, H. G. 
 Hay, A. S. Mercer, alternate. 
 
 Commissioners of the Territories. — Arizona, G. F. Coats; 
 New Mexico, R. M. White, L. C. Tetard, alternate; Oklahoma, 
 O. Beeson, J. D. Miles; Utah, F. J. Kiesel, P. H.Lannan. 
 
 Mr. Mitchell, of Wisconsin, Chairman of the Committee on 
 Live Stock, offered some proposed amendments to the classifi- 
 cation, which he requested to have referred to the Committee on 
 Classification for their consideration, and it was so ordered. 
 ^tEeCom- ^^- ^'''li'^^rd, of Connecticut, Chairman of the Committee 
 
 Manufac" on Manufactures, submitted the following report, with the request 
 
 tures. 
 
 that it be printed and lie upon the table for future consideration: 
 
 Chicago, III., November 20, 1890. 
 Hon. Thomas W. Palmer, President World's Columbian Com- 
 mission, Chicago, 111.: 
 Sir: Your Committee on Manufactures have the honor to 
 present the following report: 
 
 Since your announcement of the members of this Committee, 
 they have met and duly organized, electing W. H. Porter, of 
 Delaware, as Secretary, and they are now ready for any business 
 which may come within their province. 
 
 As, under a resolution of the Executive Committee, the 
 Chairman of the Committee on Manufactures has received notice 
 , from the President of this Commission that it would be unwise 
 
 to call any meetings or to incur any expense before the Novem- 
 \ ber session of this Commission, your Committee believe that at 
 
 this time they should simply organize. 
 Respectfully submitted, 
 ' Leveret T Brainard, Chainnati, 
 
 Willard Hall Porter, Secretary^ 
 J. M. Bynum, 
 I Richard Mansfield White, 
 
 Thomas Smith, 
 Wm. Ritchie, 
 Wm. McClelland, 
 Charles H. Deere, 
 Gardiner C. Sims, 
 \ T. B. Bullene. 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 287 
 
 Mr. Holliday, of Kansas, Chairman of the Committee on Third ses- 
 Printing, submitted the following report, with the request that it Day!^*'^ 
 be printed and lie upon the table for future consideration: 
 
 Chicago, III., November 20, i8qo. Report of 
 
 ' ' y y the Coin- 
 
 Hon. T. W. Palmer, President World's Columbian Commission: ^\^i^fn^° 
 The Committee on Printing desire to make the following report: 
 In pursuance of the resolution adopted by the Commission 
 at its second session in September, the Committee compiled and 
 printed the proceedings of the World's Columbian Commission, 
 from the date of its organization, June 26, 1890, to the end of 
 the second session, September 23, 1890. 
 
 The pamphlet containing these proceedings also gives other 
 official data designed to be of service to the members of the 
 Commission. 
 
 In the compilation of the Official Manual submitted, your 
 Committee conferred continually with the honorable Secretary 
 of the Commission, John T. Dickinson, who aided us in every 
 way possible, both by his own personal supervision of the matter 
 in question, and by detailing some of his courteous assistants to 
 render us every aid possible. 
 
 After the pamphlet had been practically compiled, the Com- 
 mittee asked the several large printing houses of Chicago to bid 
 upon the same, according to specifications drawn by us, and 
 awarded the contract for printing to Rand, McNally & Co., as 
 being the only house bidding that, in our judgment, met all the 
 requirements of the specifications. 
 
 This has been the only printing the Committee has been 
 ordered to do. 
 
 Your Committee has had the pleasure of meeting from 
 time to time with the Local Printing Committee, and have had 
 full and free discussion pertaining to the press, advertising, and 
 printing. 
 
 In the absence, however, of positive information — and being 
 uncertain as to its scope -and powers — the Committee has 
 deemed it proper to take no action. We await the pleasure of 
 the honorable Commission. 
 
 Respectfully submitted, 
 
 C. K. Holliday, Jr., Chairman^ 
 
 P. H. Lannan, Secretary y 
 
 t. b. bullene, 
 
 John T. Harris, 
 
 Thomas B. Keogh, 
 
 Jno. E. Stearns. 
 
238 
 
 World^s Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third Ses- 
 sion— 
 Fourth 
 Day. 
 
 Classifica- 
 tion of 
 Cotton. 
 
 Mr. Turnbull, of Florida, offered the following resolution, 
 which was read and referred to the Committee on Classification: 
 
 Resolved^ That the report of the Committee on Classification 
 be amended as follows: 
 
 On page ii, in Group lo, strike out all included in Class 60, 
 and make another separate and distinct group that shall be num- 
 bered 21, and include the following: 
 
 GROUP 21, 
 
 COTTON. 
 
 Class 60. — Cotton on the stalk — Its several varieties; long staple 
 and short staple — shown by living examples, by engrav- 
 ings, photographs, etc. 
 
 Class 61. — Method of planting and culture. 
 
 Class. 62. — Method of picking — Separating the lint from the seed; 
 how the long staple requires a roller gin and the short 
 staple a saw gin; also methods of packing. 
 
 Class 63. — Appliances for planting the seed and cultivating, 
 also for rucking the different varieties; how the long 
 staple is packed by hand and the short staple by ma- 
 chinery. 
 
 Class 64. — Appliances showing how it is converted into thread, 
 into yarn, and into cloth. 
 
 Class 65. — Appliances for converting the seed into oil, into 
 meal for fertilizer, and food for stock. 
 
 Class 66. — Showing best remedies for destroying insect pests 
 together with appliances — spraying and otherwise — for 
 destruction of insect pests. 
 Class 67. — Literature, history, and statistics of cotton culture. 
 Mr. Bullock, of Massachusetts, offered the following resolu- 
 tion, which was unanimously adopted by rising vote: 
 
 Resolved^ That the thanks of the Commissioners be tendered 
 to the La Salle Club for their courtesy and hospitality so grace- 
 fully extended to us last evening. 
 
 Mr. Saunders, of Mississippi, offered the following resolution, 
 
 which was ordered to be printed and lie upon the table for future 
 
 consideration: 
 
 Resolved, That the Classification Committee be requested 
 and directed to revise Group to, Class 60, and to provide a more 
 
Minutes of the Tliird Session. 239 
 
 elaborate classification of cotton — its methods of production Third ses- 
 
 / slon— 
 
 and its uses and methods of converting the staple into textile £ay"^ 
 fabrics, etc.; also of cotton-seed — the methods of expressing its 
 oil, etc.; also an exposition of the value of cotton-seed hulls as 
 a fertilizing agent; also the stalk and its fibre, and the process 
 of decorticating the same. 
 
 Mr. McClelland, of Pennsylvania, submitted the* following 
 letter, which the Chairman of the Committee on Classification 
 had addressed to the Chairman of each Standing Committee. 
 The letter was ordered to be printed in the minutes for the 
 information of the several committees: 
 
 Chicago, III., November 20, 1890. 
 Dear Sir: If your Committee have any suggestions to 
 make in regard to the classification of exhibits in your depart- 
 ment, I would thank you to forward them at the earliest possible 
 moment to my address, Auditorium Hotel. 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 Chas H. Deere, 
 Chairman Committee o?i Classification. 
 Mr. Waller, of Connecticut, Vice-Chairman of the Com- K^poi't ?; 
 
 ' ' Committee 
 
 mittee on Foreign Affairs, called up the report of that Committee Affairs^'^" 
 
 adopted. 
 
 and moved to strike out,, for the time being, the paragraphs 
 referring to the project of Mr. W. E. Curtis for securing ex- 
 hibits from the Latin-American countries, leaving them to form 
 the basis of a future report. The motion was adopted and the 
 report of the Committee, as amended, was adopted. 
 
 Mr. de Young, of California, offered the following resolu- 
 tion, which was referred to the Committee on Classification: 
 
 Resolved, That in all matters of dispute between exhibitors 
 and the installing officers or the heads of the different depart- 
 ments, the exhibitors may appeal from the decision of said offi- 
 cials to the Committee of this Commission placed over the 
 department that the said exhibitor belongs in, and the decision 
 of that Committee shall be final. 
 
 Mr. Massey, of Delaware, in behalf of the Committee on 
 Foreign Affairs, offered the following resolution, and moved its 
 adoption: 
 
 Resolved, That the Committee on Foreign Affairs be, and it 
 is hereby expressly authorized, empowered, and directed to ex- 
 
240 Wo7'ld''s Columhian Commission.' 
 
 Third^es- pend the sum of twenty thousand dollars ($20,000) in accordance 
 Jourth ^vith the recommendation contained in the report of that Com- 
 mittee, just accepted and adopted by the Commission, in defray- 
 ing the costs and expenses of any such agents which may be em- 
 ployed by the said Committee to visit foreign countries, or of any 
 agencies employed for purposes connected with the admission of 
 foreign goods for exhibition; and that for all such expenditures 
 vouchers shall be duly made, and be approved by the Chairman 
 or Vice-Chairman of the Committee, and also by the President 
 of this Commission, as specified in the official communication 
 from the Treasury Department touching this particular fund. 
 
 Mr. Martindale, of Indiana, raised the point of order that 
 the resolution contemplated a change in the By-Laws, and was 
 properly referable to the Judiciary Committee. The President 
 ruled that the point of order was not well taken. 
 
 Mr. Woodside, of Pennsylvania, offered the following proviso 
 as an amendment to the resolution of Mr. Massey: 
 
 Provided^ That no money shall be expended from the spe- 
 cific fund until the President of the United States has issued his 
 proclamation notifying foreign countries of the inauguration of 
 the World's Columbian Exposition, as provided for in Section 10 
 of the Act of Congress. 
 
 The amendment was adopted, and the original resolution, 
 as amended, was unanimously carried. 
 
 Mr. Butt, of West Virginia, by unanimous consent, offered 
 the following resolution, and moved its adoption: 
 
 Resolved^ That the Secretary of this Commission is hereby 
 directed to wire the Secretary of the Treasury forthwith, 
 requesting that official to modify the regulations which require 
 Commissioners to swear to their accounts, so that same shall not 
 apply to the Lady Managers. 
 
 Mr. Sewell, of New Jersey, moved to strike out the last 
 clause, and the motion prevailed, but the resolution, as amended, 
 was tabled. 
 
 Mr. Massey, from the Committee on Judiciary, Rules, and 
 By-Laws, reported the following resolution of Mr. Britton, of the 
 District of Columbia, with the recommendation that it be 
 adopted: 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 241 
 
 Resolved, That the Buildings and Grounds Committee be Third sea- 
 
 ' ° slon— 
 
 increased by the addition of two members, to be appointed by ^ay*^^^ 
 the President of the Commission. 
 
 The resolution was put to a vote, and was lost. 
 
 Mr. St. Clair, of West Virginia, for the Select Committee on 
 the Duties and Powers of the Commission, stated that that Com- 
 mittee would have its report ready to submit at the afternoon 
 session, and moved that it be made the special order for 2 o'clock 
 p. M., and the motion was adopted. 
 
 At 12.30 the Commission took a recess. 
 
 The Commission reassembled at 2 o'clock, and Mr. St. Clair 
 submitted the following report from the Select Committee, and 
 requested that it be read by Mr. Massey: 
 To the President of the World' s Columbian Commission: Report of 
 
 ,, ^ . . - . . . , . the Sele 
 
 Select 
 
 ers of the 
 Commis- 
 sion. 
 
 Your Special Committee, to whom were referred certain res- committee 
 
 •^ ' on Duties 
 
 olutions and amendments thereto, with direction to report the Ir^of^, 
 result of their deliberation to this Commission, submit the fol- 
 lowing: 
 
 It is their opinion that this Commission, under the Act of 
 Congress, possesses the powers hereinafter enuriierated, and that 
 those powers are in no sense diminished or abridged by reason of 
 the fact that the larger portion of the fund to be used in setting 
 on foot and carrying into successful operation the World's 
 Columbian Exposition is to be raised through the instrumentality 
 of the local Illinois Corporation. It is the opinion of your Com- 
 mittee that this fund, when raised, is a quasi-public fund, dedi- 
 cated by the Act of Congress and with the consent of the Illinois 
 Corporation to a specific purpose, and to be controlled and ex- 
 pended in the execution of that purpose by the agencies named 
 by the said Act of Congress. 
 
 I. It is the opinion of this Committee that this Commission 
 possesses the sole and exclusive power to allot space to exhibit- 
 ors, to prepare a classification of exhibits, to determine the plan 
 and scope of the Exposition, to appoint all judges and examiners 
 for the Exposition, to award all premiums, and generally to have 
 charge of all intercourse with the exhibitors and with the repre- 
 sentatives of foreign nations; and that the exhibitors with whom 
 this Commission is to have all intercourse are the same exhibit- 
 
242 Worlds Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third ses- ors to whom this Commission is to allot space, and that a sur- 
 
 slon— 
 
 Fourth render by this Commission of the right and power to have such 
 intercourse with the home or domestic exhibitors would be in 
 effect to denationalize the World's Columbian Exposition, in the 
 face of the express declaration in the preamble of the Act of 
 Congress that such Exhibition shall be of a national and interna- 
 tional character, and a failure by this Commission to exercise a 
 duty clearly and manifestly imposed upon it by the Act of Congress. 
 
 2. It is the opinion of this Committee that this Commission 
 has the right to exercise all of the foregoing powers through its 
 proper committees, and such executive and ministerial officers as 
 it may name, and that under its existing organization the Direct- 
 or-General of this Commission is the officer through whom space 
 is to be allotted to exhibitors, the classification determined upon 
 executed, and through whom this Commission, and its appropri- 
 ate Committees, is generally to have charge of all intercourse 
 with all exhibitors and with the representatives of foreign nations. 
 
 3. Whilst this Commission is not charged with any duty in 
 the selection of the site or grounds, or in preparing plans and 
 specifications for the buildings to be erected for the Exposition, 
 it has the power and is charged with the duty to reject or to 
 accept and approve the same. 
 
 4. It is the duty of this Commission to notify the President 
 of the United States when provision shall have been made for 
 the buildings contemplated by the Act of Congress, upona sat- 
 isfactory site, and according to the plans and specifications 
 accepted and approved by this Commission. 
 
 In reference tc the powers and duties of the Illinois Cor- 
 poration, your Committee submit the following: 
 
 I. It is the duty of the Illinois Corporation to furnish the 
 necessary grounds and buildings for the Exposition, subject to 
 the approval or disapproval of this Commission, either as to the 
 site or as to the plans and specifications for the buildings; but 
 when such site shall have been finally accepted and the plans and 
 specifications for the buildings finally approved, the Illinois Cor- 
 poration has the sole and exclusive right to prepare the grounds 
 and erect the buildings in question, and this Commission is in 
 nowise responsible for the manner in which such Corporation may 
 exercise this power and perform this duty; but unless the build- 
 ings erected shall be in accordance with the plans and specifica- 
 tions, it will not become the duty of this Commission to receive 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 243 
 
 and dedicate the same as contemplated by the Ninth Section of Third ^es- 
 the Act of Congress. ^«J^'^ 
 
 2. The Illinois Corporation may prescribe rules and regu- 
 lations governing rates for entrance and admittance fees, and 
 otherwise affecting the rights, privileges, and interest of exhib- 
 itors and the public, and for the general conduct of the financial 
 affairs and orderly management and control of the Exhibition 
 during the time it may continue; but that power is to be exer- 
 cised subject to the right of a majority of this Commission to 
 modify such rules and regulations, and subject to its exclusive 
 powers hereinbefore set out. 
 
 3. The Illinois Corporation is to raise and provide the 
 necessary funds, not less than ten millions of dollars, to be used 
 and expended for the purposes of the Exposition, but such funds 
 are to be used in accordance with the Act of Congress, and are 
 to be expended only under the general supervision and subject 
 to the approval of this Commission. 
 
 4. The general conduct and orderly management of the 
 Exhibition during the time it may continue will be in the Illinois 
 Corporation, but to be exercised in accordance with rules and 
 regulations to be approved by a majority of this Commission, 
 and under the general supervision of its Director-General. 
 
 5. Whilst it is desirable that the Committees of this Com- 
 mission, and those of the Illinois Corporation shall act in harmony, 
 it is our opinion that the last-named Committees have no power 
 to originate any action in regard to intercourse with exhibitors, 
 foreign or domestic, without the consent of this Commission, or 
 of its proper committees or ofificers. 
 
 Now, in view of the fact that it is absolutely essential to 
 the success of this Exposition that harmonious action shall be 
 had between this Commission and its officers and agents and 
 the local Illinois Corporation known as the "World's Columbian 
 Exposition," and of the further fact that there exist differences 
 of opinion between the bodies as to their relative rights, powers, 
 and duties, we recommend to the Commission the appointment 
 of a special committee of not less than eight members, to be 
 invested with the power of meeting and conferring with such 
 representatives of the said local Corporation as it may deem 
 proper to appoint, in order that this Commission may ascertain 
 during its present session whether or not harmonious action can 
 be had between the two bodies upon the basis indicated by this 
 
tuted. 
 
 244 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Report of rcDort, and to the end that this Commission may be enabled to 
 
 Select ^ ' _ ■' 
 
 adopted^^^ determine as to such final action as it may see proper to take. 
 
 The report was unanimously adopted. 
 
 Mr. St. Clair offered the following resolution: 
 
 sei^ea cj)n. Resolved^ that a special committee of eight Commissioners, 
 
 consM-'^^^ to be appointed by the President, be, and the same is hereby 
 constituted, who shall be charged with the performance of the 
 duty of conference wnth such representatives of the Local Cor- 
 poration as it may deem proper to appoint, as recommended by 
 the foregoing report ; and, 
 
 Resolved^ further^ That a duly authenticated copy of said re- 
 port and resolution be forthwith transmitted by the President of 
 this Commission to the President of the Illinois Corporation. 
 
 Mr. Bullene, of Kansas, moved as an amendment that the 
 Committee provided for in Mr. St. Clair's resolution should con- 
 sist of the six members of the Select Committee on the Duties 
 and Powers of the Commission, and two others to be appointed 
 by the President. Mr. Bullene's amendment was adopted and 
 the resolution, as amended, prevailed. 
 
 Mr. McKenzie, as Vice-Chairman of the Executive Commit- 
 tee, called up the report of that Committee, and it was ordered 
 by the Commission that the recommendations of the Committee 
 should be considered section by section. 
 
 The report of the Committee was approved as far as the 
 paragraph relating to the receipt, on October i8th, of a letter from 
 the Secretary of the Treasury approving the salaries of the 
 officers of the Commission. 
 
 Mr. Waller, of Connecticut, moved that the section be 
 approved and that the letter of the Secretary of the Treasury be 
 referred to the Committee on Judiciary, Rules, and By-Laws. 
 
 A long discussion ensued, during which Mr. White, of New 
 Mexico, offered the following resolution, which was temporarily 
 laid upon the table: 
 
 Resolved, That the salaries of the officers be reduced by 
 half, with the exception of the Director-General, as follows: 
 President, $6,000; Secretary, $5,000; Vice-Chairman Executive 
 Committee, $4,000. 
 
M'tiiutes of the Third Session. 245 
 
 Mr. Martindale, of Indiana, offered the following resolution, '^5ion-^^* 
 
 , . , ., , . , , , , Fourth 
 
 which was temporarily laid upon the table: Day. 
 
 Resolved^ That the Committee on By-Laws be, and they are 
 hereby instructed to inquire into the propriety of amending the 
 By-Laws so as to fix the salaries of the President, Vice-Chair- 
 man, and Secretary each at six thousand dollars per year, and 
 report their conclusion to this Commission. 
 
 Mr. Lindsay, of Kentucky, raised the point of order that the 
 letter of the Secretary of the Treasury could not by itself be 
 referred at this time to the Judiciary Committee, as it formed 
 only a portion of the subject-matter under consideration. 
 
 The President ruled that the point of order was well taken. 
 
 Mr. Waller moved that the section of the Executive Com- 
 mittee's report then under consideration, and the letter of the 
 Secretary of the Treasury, be both referred to the Judiciary 
 Committee, and the motion was adopted. 
 
 The Commission then adjourned until lo o'clock Saturday 
 morning. 
 
 Third Session — Fifth Day, Saturday, November 22, 1890. 
 
 The Commission met at 10 o'clock a. m., in the Council Tinrd ses- 
 sion- 
 Chamber, City Hall, Chicago. President Palmer in the chair. Fifth Day. 
 
 The roll was called, and the following Commissioners and 
 alternates were present: 
 
 Commissioners- at-Large. — California, M. L. McDonald; Roii-caii. 
 Kentucky, W. Lindsay; Michigan, T. W. Palmer; Nebraska, 
 R. W. Furnas, alternate; New York, G. W. Allen. 
 
 Commissioners of the District of Columbia. — D. Clagett, 
 alternate. 
 
 Commissioners of the States. — Alabama, G. L. Werth, 
 
 alternate; Arkansas, J. D. Adams; California, M. H. de Young. 
 
 W. Forsyth; Colorado, R. E. Goodell, F. J. V. Skiff; Connecticut, 
 
 L. Brainard, T. M. Waller; Delaware, G. V. Massey, W. H. 
 
 Porter; Florida, J. Hirst, R. Turnbull; Georgia, L. McLaws, C. H. 
 
 Way; Idaho, G. A Manning, J. E. Stearns; Illinois, C. H. Deere, 
 17 
 
246 World'' s Columhian Commission. 
 
 ThirdSeB- A. T. Ewing; Indiana, T. E. Garvin, E. B. Martindale; Iowa, 
 *^' W. F. King, J. Eiboeck, alternate; Kansas, C. K. Holliday, Jr., 
 R. R. Price; Kentucky, J. Bennett, J. A. McKenzie; Louisiana, 
 D. B. Penn, P. J. McMahon, alternate; Maine, A. R. Bixby, C. 
 S. Edwards, alternate; Maryland, J. Hodges, L. Lowndes; 
 Massachusetts, F. W. Breed, T. E. Proctor; Michigan, M. H. 
 Lane, C. H. Richmond; Minnesota, M. B. Harrison, O. V. 
 Tousley; Mississippi, J. M. Bynum, R. L. Saunders; Missouri, T. B. 
 Bullene, C. H. Jones; Montana, A. H. Mitchell; Nebraska, Euclid 
 Martin, A. G. Scott, W. L. May, alternate; Nevada, J. W. Haines, 
 G. Russell; New Hampshire, W. Aiken; New Jersey, W. J. 
 Sewell, T. Smith; New York, J. B. Thacher, J. H. Breslin, alter- 
 nate; North Carolina, T. B. Keogh; North Dakota, H. P. Rucker, 
 M. Ryan; Ohio, H. P. Piatt, W. Ritchie; Oregon, H. Klippel, 
 M. Wiikins; Pennsylvania, W. McClelland, J. W. Woodside; 
 Rhode Island, L. B. Goff, G. C. Sims; South Carolina, J. R. Coch- 
 ran, E. L. Roche, alternate; South Dakota, S. A. Ramsey, L. S. 
 Bullard, alternates; Tennessee, T. L. \Villiams, R. Strong, alter- 
 ' nate; Texas, J. T. Dickinson; Vermont, A. F. Walker, H. Atkins, 
 alternates; Virginia, V. D. Groner, J. T. Harris; Washington, 
 H. Drum, C. B. Hopkins; West Virginia, J. D. Butt, J. W. 
 St. Clair; Wisconsin, P. Allen, Jr., J. L. ^litchell; Wyoming, H. 
 G. Hay, A. S. Mercer, alternate. 
 
 ' Commissioners of the Territories. — Arizona, G. F. Coats; 
 
 New Mexico, R. M. White, L. C. Tetard, alternate; Oklahoma, 
 O. Beeson, J. D. Miles; Utah, F. J. Kiesel, P. H. Lannan. 
 
 Mr. Mitchell, of Wisconsin, Chairman of the Committee on 
 Live Stock, submitted the following communication, which was 
 read: 
 
 Communl- CHICAGO, IlL., NoVCmbcr 21, iSoo. 
 
 catioDh re- ^ 
 
 fh<^^Liv.' Hon. T. W. Palmer, President World's Columbian Exposition, 
 
 Stock Kx- ,,. 
 
 hibit. City: 
 
 Dear Sir : Permit me to inclose you copy of resolutions 
 adopted at the annual meeting of the stockholders of the Amer- 
 ican Short-Horn Breeders' Association, held in the city of Chi- 
 cago, November 19, 1890. This is an organization composed 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 247 
 
 of about 700 short-horn breeders scattered throughout the Third ses- 
 
 ' '^ slon— 
 
 United States and Canada. FifthDay. 
 
 We beg that you will please present these resolutions to the 
 National Board of Commissioners, with the request that they be 
 referred to the place where they will "do the most good." 
 
 I have the honor to subscribe myself, 
 
 Yours respectfully, 
 
 J. H. PiCKRELL, 
 
 Secretary. 
 
 Whereas, In the address of the Committee of eighteen 
 appointed to represent the various live stock interests before the 
 Columbian Exposition, said Commissioners were respectfully 
 requested that large and liberal cash prizes should be paid as 
 prizes for live stock; 
 
 Resolved, That we concur in the said recommendation, and 
 would urgently and respectfully ask said Commissioners to grant 
 request of said committee; 
 
 Resolved, That the Secretary of this Association send a copy 
 of the preamble and resolutions to the Hon. T. W. Palmer, 
 President of the Columbian Exposition; 
 
 Resolved, That the Board of Directors be authorized to 
 appropriate about $6,000.00 for premiums for short-horns at the 
 Columbian Exposition, and have power to make it conditional 
 that the management of the Exposition appropriate at least an 
 equal amount. 
 
 Whereas, The members of the American Short-Horn 
 Breeders' Association, in convention assembled, have learned 
 with sincere regret of the unfortunate action of the World^s , 
 Fair Commission in deciding to place many of the most 
 attractive exhibits on the Lake Front; and. 
 
 Whereas, The proposed assignment in the location of the 
 various exhibits will detract largely from the isolated agricult- 
 ural and industrial exhibits to be made at Jackson Park; there- 
 fore be it 
 
 Resolved, That the American Short-Horn Breeders' Asso- 
 ciation hereby protest against the proposed dual site, and hereby 
 invite the representatives of the agricultural and industrial 
 interests of the United States to petition Congress to enact such 
 amendments to the law creating the World's Fair Commission, 
 etc., as will insure the grouping together of all of the exhibits 
 to be made at the Columbian World's Fair of 1893; 
 
248 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Thirdses. Resolvedy That the Live Stock Committee of eighteen* 
 
 Fifth Day, ^pp^-^^g^ by all the Live Stock Breeders' Associations of the 
 United States to represent the animal industries before the 
 managers of the Word's Fair, be, and are hereby requested to 
 take such action in reference to this matter as will indicate to 
 the United States Commissioners of the World's Fair the intense 
 and often expressed sentiment of the breeders of live stock, 
 who unanimously favor a single site for the exhibitions to be 
 made at the Columbian show of 1893. 
 
 Resolved, That the Secretary of this Association be, and is 
 hereby instructed to send a copy of the foregoing resolutions to 
 the President of the World's Fair Commissioners, and a copy to 
 the Chairman of the Live Stock Committee of eighteen. 
 
 Mr. Mitchell moved that the portion of the communication 
 relating to cash premiums for live stock be referred to the Sub- 
 Committee of the Executive Committee on the question of 
 awards, and that the remainder of the communication be referred 
 to the Committee on Live Stock, and it was so ordered. 
 
 President Palmer presented the following communication, 
 which was referred to the Sub-Committee of the Executive Com- 
 mittee on the question of awards: 
 
 Chicago, November 19, 1890. 
 Hon. T. W. Palmer : 
 
 Sir: I have the honor to herewith hand you a copy of the 
 preamble and resolutions adopted by the American Devon Cattle 
 Club, at their annual meeting, held on the 19th inst. 
 
 Respectfully, 
 
 D. T. Newton, 
 Secretary pro tern, of American Deion Cattle Club. 
 
 *' Whereas, In the address of the Committee of eighteen 
 appointed to represent the various live-stock interests before 
 the Columbian Exposition, said Commissioners were respectfully 
 requested that large and liberal cash prizes should be paid as 
 prizes for live stock; 
 
 ''Resolved, That we concur in said recommendation, and would 
 urgently and respectfully ask said Commissioners to grant the 
 request of said Committee; 
 
 ''Resolved, That the Secretar>' of this Association send a copy 
 of this preamble and resolutions to the Hon. T. W. Palmer, 
 President of the Columbian Exposition." 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 249 
 
 Chicago, III., November iq, 1890. Third ses- 
 
 -^ ^ 8lon— 
 
 To the Hon. T. W. Palmer, President of the World's Fair Com- Fifth Day. 
 missioners, Chicago: 
 
 Dear Sir: At a meeting of the Illinois Short-Horn Breeders' 
 Association, in Chicago, November 18, 1890, the following 
 resolution was unanimously adopted, and, on motion of said 
 Association, I was instructed to forward the same to you: 
 
 ^'-Resolved, That it is the sense of the Illinois Short-Horn 
 Association that an exhibit of live stock worthy of a World's 
 Fair can only be had by offering liberal cash prizes." 
 
 Yours respectfully, 
 
 A. B. HOSTETTER, 
 
 Secretary. 
 President Palmer submitted the following telegraphic com- 
 munication, which was referred to the Committee on Classifica- 
 
 cation: 
 
 Santa Cruz, Cal., November 21, 1890. 
 
 Honorable The World's Fair Commissioners^ Chicago : 
 
 The Fruit Growers' State Convention of California, assem- 
 bled at Santa Cruz this 21st day of November, 1890, respectfully 
 request that horticulture be made a department in World's Fair. 
 Adopted by unanimous vote. 
 
 B. M. LeLong, Secretary. 
 
 Mr. Russell, of Nevada, offered the following resolution, 
 
 with a request that it be referred to the Sub-Committee on 
 
 Awards: 
 
 Resolved^ That it is the sense of this Commission that the 
 World's Columbian Exposition should set aside the sum of two 
 hundred thousand dollars ($200,000), to be paid out in cash pre- 
 miums to exhibitors of live stock at the World's Columbian 
 Exposition, to be held in Chicago in 1893. 
 
 Mr.. McClelland, of Pennsylvania, for the Committee on 
 Classification, submitted the following report: 
 
 Chicago, III., November 21, 1890. 
 Hon. Thomas W. Palmer, President World's Columbian Com- 
 mission : 
 Sir: The Committee on Classification has considered the 
 following resolution, introduced by Mr. de Young, of California, 
 and referred to this Committee: 
 
 '■^Resolved^ That in all matters of dispute between exhibitors 
 and the installing officers, or the heads of the different depart- 
 
250 World^s Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third ses- mcnts, the exhibitors may appeal from the decision of said offi- 
 ffiiTDay. clals to the Committee of this Commission placed over the 
 department that the said exhibitor belongs in, and the decision 
 of that Committee shall be final." 
 
 Your Committee would respectfully report back the resolu- 
 tion with a negative recommendation. 
 On behalf of the Committee, 
 
 Charles H. Deere, 
 
 Chairman. 
 
 Before action was taken, Mr. McCelland moved that the 
 resolution be referred to the Judiciary Committee without prej- 
 udice to the subject-matter, and it was so ordered. 
 
 Mr. Massey, from the Judiciary Committee, submitted the 
 following report: 
 Duties of The Committee on Judiciary, to whom was referred so much 
 
 Auditing '' . . 
 
 Commit- Qf |.|^g report of the Committee on Auditing as relates to the 
 extent of their powers and duties under the organization, beg to 
 report that their construction of the By-Law applying thereto 
 only requires the Auditing Committee^ to examine, summarize, 
 and report upon bills and accounts which have been paid, and 
 does not require any action on their part preliminary to payment. 
 On motion of Mr. Garvin, of Indiana, the report was 
 
 adopted. 
 
 Mr. Garvin, as Chairman of the Auditing Committee, sub- 
 mitted a supplementary report from the Secretary, and moved its 
 adoption. The report was unanimously adopted without debate. 
 
 Mr. Atkins, of Vermont, for the Sub-Committee of the 
 Executive Committee on the question of awards, submitted the 
 following report, and asked that it be read and printed and lie 
 upon the table for future consideration, and it was so ordered: 
 
 Chicago, III., November 21, 1890. 
 Report of To the World's Coluinbian Covwiission: 
 
 Sub-Com- IT-. • r^ 
 
 mitteeon GENTLEMEN: I am directed by the Executive Committee to 
 
 transmit to your body the accompanying report of the Sub- 
 Committee of the Executive Committee on Awards, with the 
 recommendation that it be adopted by the Commission. 
 Very respectfully, 
 
 T. W. Palmer, 
 Chairman Executive Committee. 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 251 
 
 At a meetinsr of the Executive Committee, held at Chicago Third ses- 
 on the 1 8th of October, 1 890, the following resolution was adopted : ^^^h Day. 
 
 ''^ Resolvedy That a committee of four be appointed to confer 
 with a like committee from the Exposition Directory, to recom- 
 mend to this Committee and to the Exposition Directory whether 
 awards shall be granted, and what character of awards shall be 
 made, if any." 
 
 Subsequently, President Palmer caused an official notice of 
 their appointment as members of said Committee to be sent by 
 the Secretary of the Commission to Commissioners Smalley, 
 Thacher, King, and Britton, directing them to meet at Chicago 
 on November 18, 1890, for aforesaid conference and recommen- 
 dation. 
 
 The Committee duly organized at the time prescribed, Mr, 
 Hiram Atkms, alternate Commissioner from Vermont, ap- 
 pearing in place of Mr. Smalley, and after several consultations 
 with a committee of the Local Directory, consisting of Messrs. 
 J. W. Ellsworth, Benj. Butterworth, C. H. McCormick, and E. T. 
 Jeffery, and with Professor Goode, of the Smithsonian Institu- 
 tion, have the honor to make the following report : 
 
 I. Should awards be given ? 
 
 At the outset of its investigation, the Committee were al- 
 most unanimously inclined to the opinion that no awards should 
 be made, but that the fact of the admission of an exhibit should 
 be the evidence of its merit, to be verified in all cases by the 
 same character of certificate or medal; but after conference it 
 became apparent that there were practical obstacles to this plan. 
 It was found, for illustration, that until exhibits were unpacked 
 and properly set up in their respective places in the exhibition 
 building, it would in many cases be impossible to determine their 
 character. Again, many of the exhibits would not be received 
 until a late day, and at the very hour of the opening of the Expo- 
 sition, countless boxes would be in process of being opened and 
 being set up. Again, the juries to determine awards must neces- 
 sarily be quite numerous in connection with a Fair of this mag- 
 nitude ; and it was found in the light of experience that it would 
 be difficult and expensive to collect and to hold together such 
 juries of sufficiently expert character in advance of the holding 
 of the Fair. On the other hand, it would seem reasonably certain 
 that the Fair, once in progress, would naturally attract to Chicago 
 from all parts of the vvorld large numbers of experts in every 
 branch of the classes of the Exhibition. 
 
252 World^s Cohimhian Commission. 
 
 Third ses- Thcsc and similar considerations have led your Committee 
 
 F?fthDay. to recommend that there shall be awards. 
 
 2. What should be the character of such awards ? 
 
 The Committee are unanimous in reporting that awards 
 should not be competitive. This Exposition was designed to 
 show the development of the resources of the United States and 
 the progress of civilization in the new world, in comparison with 
 all nations who might wish to participate. It was thought that 
 it should be put in its results upon a higher plane than simply to 
 indicate the relative merits of the competitive exhibits of Smith 
 and Brown. It was believed that it should indicate some inde- 
 pendent and essential excellence in the article exhibited, and that 
 it should record some advancement in the state of the art repre- 
 sented by such exhibit. 
 
 To that end the Committee recomm'end that awards shall be 
 granted upon specific points of excellence or advancement, formu- 
 lated in words by a Board of Judges or Examiners, who shall be 
 competent experts ; and the evidence of these awards shall be 
 parchment certificates, accompanied by bronze medals. 
 
 The awards of these Boards of Judges or Examiners will 
 thus constitute an enduring and historical record of development 
 and progress as represented by the exhibits in question; the 
 parchment certificate will, by sufficient terms of identification, 
 evidence the award, and the bronze medal will serve to the 
 exhibitor as enduring mementos of his success. Those exhibits 
 which in the opinion of the juries and examiners do not possess 
 sufficient excellence or intrinsic development to warrant awards, 
 will simply be scheduled in the general catalogue of the 
 Exposition. 
 
 3. The character of such bronze medals. 
 
 It is recommended that there should be but one class or kind 
 of medal; that they should be made of bronze; that they should 
 be works of art and selected from competitive tests by the Com- 
 mittee on Fine Arts of the Commission, or the Joint Committees 
 on Fine Arts of the Commission and the Local Directory, if that 
 should seem more desirable. 
 
 4. Under whose jurisdiction do the awards fall, and by 
 whom should the certificates or medals be furnished? 
 
 The awards and the appointment of all judges and exam- 
 iners for the Exposition, by the express terms of the Sixth Section 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 258 
 
 of the Act of Congress, approved April 25, 1890, fall within theThird^ea- 
 exclusive jurisdiction of the Commission. It is not, however, so Fifth D»y. 
 clear whether the certificates or medals should be furnished by the 
 Commission or the Local Directory. It is, in the opinion of the 
 Committee, eminently fitting that the Government should furnish 
 these, especially in the case of foreign exhibits; but there does 
 not appear to be provision made therefor in the existing appro- 
 priation of Congress. 
 
 It is proper to state that the Committee of the Local Direct- 
 ory fully concur in all the views herein expressed, as will appear 
 by a copy of the minutes of the joint committees hereto attached, 
 and marked Exhibit A. 
 
 Your Committee thereupon ask the submission of the fore- 
 going recommendations for ado'ption by the Commissioners; and 
 that the Committee be continued for such further and additional 
 work in connection with awards as may hereafter seem to be 
 necessary. 
 
 (Signed) A. T. Brittox, Chairman^ 
 
 Wm. F. King, 
 Hiram Atkins, 
 John Boyd Thacher. 
 
 Exhibit A. 
 
 Proceedi?tgs had at a Meeting of the Joint Conwiittee on Awards, held 
 in the Office of the Secretary of the World's Columbian 
 Exposition November 20, 1890. 
 ist. There shall be awards. 
 
 2d. The awards shall be granted upon specific points of 
 excellence or advancement, formulated in words by a Board of 
 Judges or Examiners who shall be competent experts, and the 
 evidences of these awards shall be parchment certificates accom- 
 panied by bronze medals. 
 
 In the opinion of the Joint Committee, it is eminently 
 fitting that the Government should furnish these certificates and 
 medals, especially in the case of foreign exhibits; but there does 
 not appear to be any provision made therefor in the existing 
 appropriations of Congress. 
 Hon. A. T. Britton, Auditorium, City: 
 
 Dear Sir: I inclose herewith copy of proceedings of the 
 Committee on Awards this afternoon. 
 
 Very respectfully yours, 
 (Signed) Benj. Butterworth, 
 
 Secretary. 
 
254 World^s Columbia?! Commission. 
 
 Report of Mr. Adams, of Arkansas, acting Chairman of the Committee 
 
 Commit- ' ' *^ 
 
 emo^nies^'^ on Ccrcmonics, submitted the following report, which was 
 ordered to be printed and lie upon the table for future con- 
 sideration: 
 
 Chicago, III., November 21, 1890. 
 
 Hon. Thos. W. Palmer, President World's Columbian Commis- 
 sion, Chicago, 111.: 
 Sir: Your Committee on Ceremonies have the honor to pre- 
 sent the following report: 
 
 At the session of the Committee in October last, the outline 
 of apian for dedication ceremonies in October, 1892, was prepared 
 by this Committee and presented to the Executive Committee 
 for consideration. Upon motion of Mr, Smalley, the matter was 
 referred back to this Committee, with full power to act and to 
 appoint a Secretary. 
 
 Since the adjournment of this Committee in October, its 
 Secretary has been in correspondence with the Adjutants-General 
 of the various States and Territories, and many officers of the 
 Regular Army and National Guard. The replies have been 
 voluminous, and most of them are well worthy of the attention of 
 the Committee. 
 
 Your Committee has, after careful consideration, decided to 
 fully recommend as the prominent feature of the dedication 
 ceremonies a grand military encampment and mobilization of the 
 Regular Army and National Guard in October, 1892, the details 
 to be hereafter considered. 
 
 The study of proper ceremonies which will fully provide for 
 the appropriate dedication of buildings in 1892, as contemplated 
 by the Act of Congress creating the World's Columbian Exposi- 
 tion, has opened up a wide range of ideas, and your Committee, 
 beyond making the one recommendation referred to, ask further 
 time to fully investigate the many plans suggested, and to that 
 end ask permission to have a special session of the Committee 
 on January 13, 1890, or before that time should the Chairman of 
 the Committee deem it necessary. 
 
 The Commissioners will at once see the propriety of defi- 
 nitely determining at this time the one feature of a grand 
 review, accompanied with a national military encampment, for 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 255 
 
 the reason that the Legislatures of the various States will be in Third sea- 
 session before the next session of the World's Columbian Com- ^^y- 
 
 mission. 
 
 Jno. D. Adams, 
 
 Acting Chairman. 
 
 Mr. Keogh, of North Carolina, offered the following pre- 
 amble and resolution, which was referred to the Judiciary 
 Committee: 
 
 Whereas, It is provided by Section 19 of the Act of Con- 
 gress creating the World's Columbian Commission that *' the 
 officers of said Commission shall receive such compensation as 
 may be fixed by said Commission, subject to the approval of the 
 Secretary of the Treasury;" and, 
 
 Whereas, The said Commission by its By-Laws has created 
 the offices of President, Secretary, Director-General, and Acting 
 Chairman of the Executive Committee, and by Articles 15 and 
 16 of said By-Laws has fixed the compensation that shall be 
 paid to the President, the Secretary, the Director-General, and 
 the Acting Chairman of the Executive Committee ; and. 
 
 Whereas, The present incumbents of said offices did 
 assume the duties of their respective offices with the compen- 
 sation affixed thereto as aforesaid; and, 
 
 Whereas, The Secretary of the Treasury has approved the 
 compensation of said officers, as fixed by this Commission; there- 
 fore be it 
 
 Resolved^ That it is not within the power of this Commission 
 to decrease the compensation of .the incumbents of the offices of 
 President, Secretary, Director-General, and Acting Chairman of 
 the Executive Committee of the World's Columbian Commission 
 as now fixed by its By-Laws and approved by the Secretary of 
 the Treasury. 
 
 Mr. Holliday, of Kansas, Chairman of the Committee on 
 Printing, called up the report of that Committee and moved its 
 adoption. The report of the Committee was adopted. 
 
 Mr. White, of New Mexico, offered the following preamble 
 
 and resolution, and moved its adoption: 
 
 Whereas, An impression prevails in some quarters that the 
 session of its Board of Lady Managers is restricted to five days; 
 therefore be it 
 
 Resolved, For the information of its Board of Lady Managers, 
 that no such restriction was imposed by this Commission. 
 
256 WorlcT s Columbian Commission. 
 
 ™fd£e8- Mr. Waller, of Connecticut, moved to amend by instructing 
 
 *^* Mr. White to personally convey to the Board of Lady Managers 
 the notice of the adoption of the resolution, in case of its 
 passage. 
 
 Mr. de Young, of California, moved, as an amendment to 
 the amendment, that Mr. Waller and Mr. McDonald be added to 
 the Committee to convey notice of the passage of the resolution 
 to the Board of Lady Managers. 
 
 On motion of Mr. McClelland, of Pennsylvania, the whole 
 matter was indefinitely postponed. 
 
 Mr. Ewing, of Illinois, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved^ That the Secretary of this Commission be in- 
 structed to forward to the Governor of each State and Terri- 
 tory, for the use of the Legislatures thereof, a bound copy of 
 the complete proceedings of this Commission. 
 
 Mr. Woodside, of Pennsylvania, offered the following as a 
 substitute: 
 
 Resolved^ That the Secretary of t-he Commission be in- 
 structed to mail to the Governor and Governor-elect of each 
 State and Territory, to the Commissioners of the District of 
 Columbia, and Secretary of each executive department of the 
 United States, a full report of the proceedings of this Commis- 
 sion to the close of this session, so that each Governor may 
 have full information in writing his message to the Legislature 
 on the subject of the representation of each State at the World's 
 Columbian Exposition of 1893. 
 
 Mr. Ewing accepted Mr. Woodside's substitute, and the res- 
 olution was adopted. 
 
 Mr. Massey, from the Judiciary Committee, submitted the 
 following report : 
 
 To the Preside?it of the World's Columbian Cojnmissioti : 
 
 Re on of ^^^* "^^^ Judiciary Committee, to whom was referred, on mo- 
 
 ciar/com- ''^^^ ^^ Commissioner Waller, of Connecticut, that paragraph of the 
 
 sLuries'of Executivc Committee's report to be found at the head of pae:e 
 
 five of the official minutes of Tuesday, the i8th inst., together 
 
 with the letter from the Honorable Secretary of the Treasury 
 
 therein incidentally referred to, beg leave to submit the following 
 
 report : 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 257 
 
 It is the opinion of the Committee that the paragraph re- TimdSes- 
 ferred contains merely the statement of a fact, to wit : the recep- Fifth Day. 
 tion by that Committee of a letter from the Secretary of the 
 Treasury, which was thereupon read before the Committee, so 
 that this paragraph, in fact, presents nothing which this Com- 
 mittee can consider 
 
 As to the communication from the Honorable Secretary of 
 the Treasury, the Committee begs to observe that it contains his 
 official approval of Articles 15 and 16 of the By-Laws of the Com- 
 mission, fixing the salaries of the officers of the Commission 
 therein named, so that there is likewise nothing in this branch of 
 the reference which either suggests or requires any action by 
 this Committee. Your Committee is not, however, disposed in 
 any sense to be technical or captious, and inasmuch as it was 
 manifest by the discussion in the Commission of the motion of 
 Commissioner Waller that it was the desire of the Commission 
 that the question of the salaries prescribed by Articles 15 and 16 
 of the By-Law^s should be considered by your Committee, and 
 some further deliverance made respecting the same, your Com- 
 mittee considered that it ought to regard the sense of the Com- 
 mission thus expressed ; and, having done so, submits the fol- 
 lowing views and conclusions : 
 
 In the original consideration of the subject of the salaries of 
 these officers, your Committee, appreciating its responsibility in 
 dealing with a question so delicate and important, held several 
 conferences respecting the same, and endeavored to discharge its 
 duty in this behalf impartially, fairly, and honestly, having due 
 regard to the extent, character and responsibility of the duties 
 imposed upon the several officers in their respective spheres, to 
 the magnitude and importance of the great undertaking they were 
 to serve and promote, and also the condition and extent of the 
 Commission's resources as to funds for the payment of these and 
 other expenses necessarily incident to the prosecution of its work, 
 and arrived at the conclusion that the salaries prescribed by 
 Articles 15 and 16 of the By-Laws, as reported, were not exorbi- 
 tant, but reasonable and just, and this conclusion was reached 
 with remarkable unanimity, there being, in fact, but one dissent- 
 ing member of the Committee. 
 
 In arriving at this conclusion, your Committee was, among 
 other considerations, seriously impressed by the follov/ing, to 
 wit: 
 
258 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 T^irdSes- i. The tenure of these officers is uncertain, and the empioy- 
 
 FifthDay. ment necessarily temporary. 
 
 2. In view of the national and international character of 
 the great and important work these officers are required to 
 undertake, it was essentially important that they should be 
 representative men, specially well equipped and qualified for the 
 discharge of the varied and multifarious duties necessarily inci- 
 dent to their respective stations. 
 
 3. That the character of their duties was such as neces- 
 sarily to require the abandonment of all private business, their 
 removal from their homes to Chicago, and their continued resi- 
 dence therein during the course of their work, and the necessary 
 pecuniary loss they would sustain in their business relations, 
 as well as the increased expenses to which they would be sub- 
 jected in this change of residence and in the social relations 
 incident to their official stations. 
 
 4. That the Congress of the United States had regarded 
 the World's Fair enterprise as an undertaking of such magnitude 
 and importance as to justify them in constituting this Commis- 
 sion, representing all the States and Territories as well as a certain 
 number at large, and endowing that body with large and respon- 
 sible powers and functions, touching the government and control 
 of the World's Fair, and expressly authorized the election of 
 officers who should be its official heads, representatives of its 
 dignity and powers, and in their several spheres ministers to 
 execute its behests. 
 
 When the former report was made, it will be remembered 
 that a proposition was submitted to reduce each of the several 
 salaries mentioned in the report, and the Commission, on that 
 question, by a vote so practically unanimous as to furnish but a 
 single dissenting Commissioner, most emphatically expressed its 
 deliberate judgment that no reduction should be made; and as 
 to one of these salaries, at the time of the consideration of. the 
 report, there was a motion to increase it, which question the 
 Commission, by a divided vote, decided in the negative. It is 
 apparent, therefore, that this matter of salaries was not disposed 
 of in a corner, but was fully and fairly considered and deliber- 
 ately determined; and your Committee, therefore, in this aspect, 
 deem it injudicious and unwise to reopen tlTe question. 
 
 Moreover, the several officers have been installed m their 
 offices and the salaries fixed, and any diminution of such sala- 
 ries, except upon their suggestion and with their express consent. 
 
Minutes of the Tliird Session. 259 
 
 would be unjust to them and violative of at least the moral Third ses- 
 
 ■' slon — 
 
 obligation toward them which the Commission imposed upon Fifth Day. 
 itself by the deliberate action in this behalf heretofore had. 
 
 Your Committee are, therefore, for all the reasons stated, 
 unwilling to recommend any amendments to By-Laws 15 and 16, 
 unless they shall be specially thereto directed by the order of the 
 Commission. 
 
 Mr. Waller, of Connecticut, moved that the foregoing report ^'fnousiy 
 
 adopted. 
 
 of the Judiciary Committee regarding the salaries of officers of 
 the Commission be adopted. The motion was seconded by Mr. 
 McDonald, and the report of the Committee was unanimously 
 adopted. 
 
 Mr. McKenzie, Vice-Chairman of the Executive Committee, 
 called up the report of that Committee which was under consid- 
 eration when the Commission adjourned on Friday. 
 
 Mr. Massey, of Delaware, with reference to that portion of 
 the report of the Executive Committee providing for the estab- 
 lishment of Executive Bureaus for the administration of the 
 business of the Exposition, raised the point of order that such 
 recommendation was in conflict with the By-Laws of the Com- 
 mission, and was, therefore, properly referable to the Judiciary 
 Committee. 
 
 Before the point of order was decided, Mr. Lindsay, of 
 Kentucky, offered the following resolution, which was unani- 
 mously adopted: 
 
 Resolved^ That so m.uch of the report of the Executive 
 Committee, and of the letter of the Director-General, as relates 
 to the establishment of bureaus, be referred to the Select Com- 
 mittee of Conference raised by the resolution adopted Novem- 
 ber 21, 1890. 
 
 Mr. Russell called up his resolution, previously offered and 
 referred to the Committee on Awards, and asked unanimous 
 consent that it be considered immediately. 
 
 Mr. Sewell, of New Jersey, moved that the words '^ a liberal 
 amount" be substituted for the words *' two hundred thousand 
 dollars." Mr. Russell accepted the amendment, and the resolu- 
 tion was unanimously adopted. 
 
260 World^s Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third Bes- Mr. Groncr, of Viro:inia, as Chairman of the Committee on 
 
 ■ion— ' *=* ' 
 
 Fifth Day. ^sinffs and Transportation, moved that so much of the report of 
 that Committee as referred to the creation of a Bureau of Trans- 
 portation and the appointment of a chief of that bureau be referred 
 to the Select Conference Committee on the Duties and Powers of 
 the Commission, and the motion prevailed. 
 
 The Commission then adjourned until lo o'clock Monday 
 morning, November 24th, 
 
 Third Session— Sixth Day, Monday, November 24, 1890. 
 
 Third ses- The Commission met at 10 o'clock in the Council Chamber, 
 
 slon— Sixth 
 
 ^*y- City Hall. President Palmer in the chair. 
 
 The roll was called, and the following Commissioners and 
 alternates were present: 
 Roll-call. Commissioners-at-Large. — California, M. L. McDonald; 
 
 Kentucky, W. Lindsay; Michigan, T. W. Palmer; Nebraska, R. 
 W. Furnas, alternate. 
 
 Commissioners of the District of Columbia. — D. Clagett, 
 alternate. 
 
 Commissioners of the States. — Alabama, G. L. Werth, 
 alternate; Arkansas, J. D. Adams; California, M. H." de 
 Young, W. Forsyth; Colorado, R. E. Goodell, F. J. V. Skiff; 
 Connecticut, L. Brainard, T. M. Waller; Delaware, G. V. 
 Massey, W. H. Porter; Florida, J. Hirst, R. Turnbull; 
 Georgia, L. McLaws, C. H. Way; Idaho, G. A. Manning, 
 J. E. Stearns; Illinois, C. H. Deere, A. T. Ewing; Indiana, T. 
 
 E. Garvin, E. B. Martindale; Iowa, W. F. King, J. Eiboeck, 
 alternate; Kansas, C. K. HoUiday, Jr., R. R. Price; Kentucky, 
 J. Bennett, J. A. McKenzie; Louisiana, D. B. Penn, P. J. Mc- 
 Mahon, alternate; Maine, C. S. Edwards, alternate; Massachusetts, 
 
 F. W. Breed; Michigan, M. H. Lane, C. H. Richmond; Minne- 
 sota, M. B. Harrison, O. V. Tousley; Mississippi, J. M. Bynum, 
 R. L. Saunders; Missouri, T. B. Bullene, C. H. Jones; Montana, 
 A. H. Mitchell; Nebraska, A. G. Scott, W. L. May, alternate; 
 Nevada, J. W. Haines, G. Russell; New Hampshire, W. Aiken; 
 
Minutes of tJie Third Session. 261 
 
 New Jersey, W. J. Sewell, T. Smith; New York, J. B. Thacher, J. H. '^ilJ.'iiL'gilth 
 Breslin, alternate; North Carolina, T. B. Keogh; North Dakota, H. 
 P. Rucker, M. Ryan; Ohio, H. P. Piatt, W. Ritchie; Oregon, H. 
 Klippel; M. Wilkins; Pennsylvania; W. McClelland, J. W. Wood- 
 side; Rhode Island, L. B. Goff, G. C. Sims; South Carolina, J. R. 
 Cochran, E. L. Roche, alternate; South Dakota, S. A. Ramsey, 
 L. S. Bullard, alternates; Tennessee, T. L. Williams, R. Strong, 
 alternate; Texas, J. T. Dickinson; Vermont, A. F. Walker, H. 
 Atkins, alternates; Virginia, V. D. Groner, J. T. Harris; Wash- 
 ington, H. Drum, C. -B. Hopkins; West Virginia, J. D. Butt, J. 
 W. St. Clair; Wisconsin, P. Allen, Jr., J. L. Mitchell; Wyoming, 
 H. G. Hay, A. S. Mercer, alternate. 
 
 Commissioners of the Territories. — Arizona, G. F. Coats; 
 New Mexico, Jl. M. White, L. C. Tetard, alternate; Oklahoma, 
 O. Beeson, J. D. Miles; Utah, F. J. Kiesel, P. H. Lannan. 
 
 Mr. St. Clair, of West Virginia, asked that the Select Con- 
 ference Committee on the Powers and Duties of the Commission 
 be allowed to sit during the session of the Commission, and it 
 was so ordered. 
 
 Mr. Breslin, of New York, moved that a recess be taken 
 until 2 o'clock p. :\i., and, by request, agreed that his motion be 
 temporarily laid aside. 
 
 Mr. Groner, of Virginia, moved that the report of the Com- 
 mittee on Ceremonies be taken from the table. After some dis- 
 cussion it was voted that the report be made the special order 
 immediately following the consideration of the report of the 
 Select Conference Committee. 
 
 Mr. Atkins, of Vermont, called up the report of the Sub- 
 Committee of the Executive Committee on the question of 
 awards, and moved that it be made the special order immediately 
 following the consideration of the report of the Committee on 
 Ceremonies, and it was so ordered. 
 
 Mr. Clagett, of the District of Columbia, offered the follow- 
 ing resolution, which was adopted: 
 
 18 
 
262 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 "^slim-sixth Resolved, That the Congress of the United States be 
 
 '^"^" requested to extend for the business of the World's Columbian 
 
 Commission the use of the penalty-envelope privileges of the 
 Post Office Department of the United States. 
 
 Mr. White, of New Mexico, in behalf of his colleague, Mr. 
 Tetard, Alternate, offered the following preamble and resolutions, 
 which were ordered printed in the minutes and referred to the 
 Select Conference Committee: 
 
 Whereas, It is necessary to establish a basis of operations 
 upon which the National and Local organizations can act har- 
 moniously, and carry out the functions of their various offices, 
 and exercise their rights and prerogatives; 
 
 Resolved^ first. That the integrity and standing of the 
 several Committees created by the Columbian Commission, in 
 order that the National character of the organization may be 
 maintained, must remain intact. 
 
 Resolved, second, That we are opposed to the creation or 
 organization of any bureaus for the managing of the various 
 departments necessary to the successful carrying on of this 
 Exposition. 
 
 Resolved, third, That a Sub-Committee of each of the sev- 
 eral Committes be and is hereby created, consisting of the Chair- 
 man and two members of the same Committee, one of which 
 shall be selected by the Director-General and one of which shall 
 be selected by the Chairman of the same Committee, who, acting 
 through the Director-General, in conjunction with the Local 
 Board, shall be, and are hereby empowered to act for the respect- 
 ive Committees to which they belong. 
 
 Resolved, fourth, That should emergencies of sufficient im- 
 portance arise to justify the same, the Chairman of said Sub- 
 Committee be, and is hereby authorized to call together or 
 consult with the entire Committee of which he is Chairman 
 before taking any final action. 
 
 Resolved, fifth, That any action or decision arrived at by 
 the Chairman, acting with the consent and authority of the 
 majority of the full Committee, on all matters pertaining to the 
 business for which this Committee was created, together with all 
 matters properly referred to them, shall be final. 
 
 Resolved, sixth. That the Chairman of said Sub-Committee 
 shall be entitled to a compensation at the rate of $4,000 per 
 
Minutes of the llilrd Session. 263 
 
 annum, and such expenses as are necessary or incidental to the'^p'lJ.'ijLyj^tjj 
 proper carrying out of the business of the Committee of which ^''^^' 
 he is Chairman. Tliis salary only to be paid while he 'is 
 actually engaged in the business of the Exposition. That this is 
 in no way to conflict with the compensation to which he is enti- 
 tled by the Act of Congress. 
 
 Resolved^ seventh, That the two members of said Sub-Com- 
 mittee, one of which having been selected by the Chairman of 
 the Committee and one of which having been selected by the 
 Director-General, shall be, and are hereby entitled to a compen- 
 sation at the rate of $2,500 per annum and necessary expenses 
 for such time as they may be necessarily employed in the busi- 
 ness of this Exposition. That this is in no way to conflict with 
 the compensation to which they are entitled by the Act of Con- 
 gress. 
 
 Mr. Williams, of Tennessee, offered the following resolution, 
 
 which was ordered to be printed in the minutes and referred to 
 
 the Select Conference Committee: 
 
 Resolved, That a select Committee of four (4) be appointed 
 by the President, to formulate and submit to this Commission a 
 bill, to be enacted into a law by the several States and Territories 
 of the United States, providing for an appropriation of money in 
 aid of the World's Fair, 1893, and that they formulate and assign 
 reasons, if any there be, why said appropriations should be 
 made. 
 
 The unfinished business being the consideration of the 
 report of the Executive Committee, Mr. McKenzie moved that 
 all reference to the appointment of Mr. Jaycox as Tariff Man- 
 ager be stricken out, and that the remainder of the report be 
 accepted and approved. 
 
 Mr. Groner, of Virginia, Chairman of the Committee on 
 Tariffs and Transportation, asked unanimous consent to with- 
 draw the report of that Committee with reference to the appoint- 
 ment of a Traffic Manager and to submit another report at a 
 future time, and consent was granted. 
 
 The motion of Mr. McKenzie that the report of the Execu- Kcportof 
 
 tlu! Execu- 
 tive Committee be approved was adopted. mut(^'?Ts 
 
 previously 
 
 Mr. McKenzie moved that the President be requested to [JJJ'JjftJ^^' 
 communicate to the Speaker of the House of Representatives the 
 
264 World^s Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third ses- actioii of the Commission regarding the appointment of Com- 
 
 sion-Sixth 
 
 ^*^- missioners from Alaska, as embodied in the report of the Execu- 
 
 tive Committee just approved. The motion was adopted. 
 iJeport^of j^ Mr. Allen, of Wisconsin, called up the report of the Audit- 
 
 mftu't"'" ing Committee and moved its adoption. The report of the 
 
 adopted. ^ 
 
 Committee was adopted. 
 
 Mr. Haines, of Nevada, offered the following resolution, 
 which was adopted: ^ 
 
 Whereas, It is desirable that an album of the photographs 
 of the Commissioners and alternate Commissioners of the World's 
 Columbian Commission be filed as a part of the memorial 
 records; and, 
 
 Whereas, Mr. C. D. Mosher, of Chicago, has offered to 
 make such photos and prepare such album free of cost to this 
 Commission, therefore 
 
 Resolved, That this Commission accepts with thanks the said 
 offer, and the members hereof are requested to visit the rooms 
 of said Mosher and sit for pictures. 
 
 The Commission then took a recess until 2 o'clock p. m. 
 
 The Commission assembled at 2 o'clock p. m., Vice-Presi- 
 dent Waller, of Connecticut, in the chair. 
 
 The Chair presented a communication from the Secretary 
 of the Board of Lady Managers, transmitting a series of resolu- 
 tions regarding the appointment of a Director for the Depart- 
 ment of Fine Arts of the World's Columbian Exposition, with 
 the request that it be referred to the Committee on Fine Arts, 
 and it was so referred. 
 
 The Chair presented a communication from the Illustrated 
 World's Fair Publishing Company, requesting photographs of 
 Commissioners and Alternates not already forwarded, for publi- 
 cation in that journal for December. The communication was 
 read for the information of the Commission. 
 
 Mr. Way, of Georgia, offered the following preamble and 
 resolution: 
 
 Whereas, It is the intention and desire of this C^ommission 
 to recognize every interest of the nation ; and. 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 265 
 
 Whereas, It would be a matter of ijreat moment, not only Third ses- 
 ' b J J Blon— sixth 
 
 to this country, but to all the world, to mark the progress made by ^^y- 
 the colored race since its enfranchisement ; and, 
 
 Whereas, Congress has, whenever the subject has been 
 brought before it, manifested a desire to encourage this race in 
 its self-improvement, and save for the exigencies of the session 
 would have probably appropriated a sum of money to be ex- 
 pended expressly for an exhibition of the work of the colored 
 race; now, therefore, be it 
 
 Resolved, That the Special Committee appointed to present 
 to Congress any legislation necessary to the success of the Fair, 
 be instructed to prepare a bill, and to ask Congress to pass that 
 bill, appropriating an adequate sum to be expended under the 
 direction of this Commission and the Director-General in pre- 
 senting to the country and the world the progress made by the 
 Afro-American race during its first generation of freedom. 
 
 After considerable debate, Mr. Way offered a verbal amend- 
 ment that the resolution be referred to the Executive Committee, 
 with instructions to prepare a bill if in their judgment tliey deem 
 it proper. A division was called for, and the resolution as 
 amended was referred to the Executive Committee. 
 
 Mr. Atkins, of Vermont, from the Sub-Committee on Awards, 
 asked and was given unanimous consent to submit the following 
 supplementary report: 
 
 Chicago, November 24, 1890. 
 To the World's Colui7ibian Commission: 
 
 The Committee on Awards, to which was referred the resolu- 
 -tion asking that cash premiums shall be paid to exhibitors of 
 Live Stock, respectfully beg leave to report that its members met 
 in joint conference with the Live Stock Committee of this Com- 
 mission and the Committee of the Illinois Corporation, and after 
 hearing gentlemen representing the different live-stock interests, 
 the conference unanimously adopted the following: 
 
 Resolved^ That in view of the presentation made before the 
 joint committees of awards by the committee of the Live Stock 
 Association as to the importance of cash premiums, we recom- 
 mend to our respective bodies that a liberal appropriation be 
 made for that purpose. Hiram Atkins, 
 
 Acting Chairman. 
 John Boyd Thacher, 
 Wm. F. King. 
 
266 Woj^ld\s Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third s,>8- The rei^iort of the (Committee embodying the recommenda- 
 
 eion— Sixth 
 
 ^*-^" tion that cash premiums be awarded, was accepted and ordered 
 
 to be printed in the minutes and lie upon the table for future 
 consideration. 
 Report of ]\ir, Atkins, by unanimous consent, called up the previous 
 
 on ' Awalds icport of the Sub-Committee on Awards, and moved its adoption. 
 
 adoi>tfd. 
 
 The report was adopted. 
 
 Mr. Groner, of Virginia, in behalf of the Committee on 
 Ceremonies, asked unanimous consent for the consideration of 
 the report of that Committee, and it was granted. 
 
 Mr. Ryan, of North Dakota, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved, That the report of the Committee on Ceremonies 
 be adopted, and that the Committee be authorized to hold a 
 meeting in January, 189 1, or at an earlier day, on the call of the 
 Chairman as recommended in the report. 
 
 Mr. Jones, of Missouri, offered the following amendment: 
 
 Resolved, That the report be referred back to the Com- 
 mittee with instructions to make the military parade or display 
 subordinate to civic ceremonies, which shall include a commem- 
 oration ode, addresses by distinguished orators, and a musical 
 programme appropriate to the majesty, and solemnity, and 
 historic siQ:niricance of the occasion. 
 
 Resolved, further, That the foregoing resolution is not 
 intended to prohibit a military contingent as a feature of the 
 street pageant or display, but simply that it should not be made so 
 prominent as to subordinate the civic ceremonies provided for 
 the dedication of an enterprise illustrative of the industrial 
 achievements of the nations of the world, and not of their phys- 
 ical force and prowess. 
 
 Mr. Martindale, of Indiana, offered the following proviso: 
 
 Provided, That no such display shall be made unless the 
 same is approved by, and participated in, by the Local Directory. 
 
 After considerable debate, the resolution of Mr. Ryan was 
 adopted, and the other resolutions and proviso were referred back 
 to the Committee on Ceremonies. 
 
 Mr. Massey, of Delaware, from the Committee on Foreign 
 Affairs, offered the following supplemental report: 
 
Minutes of the lliird Session. 2^11 
 
 Supplementing, the report heretofore made at the pi'esentThird_|e8.^^ 
 session of the Commission, and which has been duly adopted, ^^^•'^■ 
 the Foreign Affairs Committee begs to submit the following: 
 
 That, at its first meeting in New York, in conjunction with Report of^ 
 the Foreign Affairs Committee of the Illinois Corporation referred ^}l^^ 
 to in the preceding report, it was communicated to your Com- proJ,-ct"'^ 
 mittee, by Chairman Baker of the Illinois Committee, that the •j|i>^£[»J;^. 
 latter Committee had carefully examined and duly considered Bureau. "" 
 a plan prepared at its instance by Mr. Wm. E. Curtis, of Wash- 
 ington, D. C, which contemplated -securing a most interesting 
 and comprehensive general exhibit from the territory embraced 
 within the several Latin-American Republics, and that this 
 scheme had received the unanimous approval of his Committee, 
 which had made ample provision for the necessary fund to carry 
 the same into successful operation; and he suggested that Mr. 
 Curtis should be invited to appear before your Committee and 
 explain, somewhat at length, the details of his plan. 
 
 Acting upon this suggestion, Mr. Curtis was invited to 
 explain his scheme to your Committee, and, in pursuance of such 
 invitation, he appeared and was fully heard respecting the same. 
 In order that the Commission may be fully informed as to 
 the general character and details of the plan contemplated by 
 Mr. Curtis, your Committee invites attention to a communication 
 addressed to Commissioner Jas. A. McKenzie, Chairman of the 
 Committee on Permanent Organization, dated August 22, 1890, 
 in which Mr. Curtis very fully and clearly discloses, with intelli- 
 gent particularity, the plan and scope of the undertaking he 
 proposes, to secure an exhibit which must necessarily, in view of 
 the occasion to be commemorated, possess more than ordinary, 
 interest; and it maybe observed this scheme has been formulated 
 and outlined by him upon the express invitation of the Com- 
 mittee on Permanent Organization. This letter will be found 
 in the appendix to the report of the Committee on Permanent 
 Organization, from pages seventy to seventy-nine, inclusive, and 
 your Committee begs that the said communication may be treated 
 and considered as a part of this report as fully as if set out 
 herein 171 totidem vej^bis. 
 
 The Committee of the Illinois Corporation, in its conference 
 with your Committee, expressed so strongly their conviction as to 
 the propriety and importance of this undertaking, that your 
 Committee would have felt great reluctance in disregarding the 
 force of their recommendation, even if no decided impression 
 
268 World's Columbian Covimission, 
 
 ™n-sL\th ^^^^^^ been i)rodLiced on the minds uf your Committee as to the 
 ^"^' meritorious character of the scheme. Your Committee were, 
 
 however, so thoroughly convinced of the substantial merit of the 
 proposed undertaking, and that its successful execution would 
 result in one of the most attractive and interesting features of 
 the great Exhibition, that they unanimously determined that it 
 ought to be favorably recommended and promptly endorsed by 
 the Commission in such an authoritative manner and by the 
 adoption of such methods relating thereto as could be most 
 effectively employed, and having reached this conclusion, duly 
 advised the Illinois Committee thereof, and the latter Com- 
 mittee, acting upon such advice, as your Committee is informed, 
 have already made some expenditure and undertaken a much 
 larger one without delay in the line of that work, so that the 
 spirit of good faith and fair dealing which has thus far inspired 
 the action of the Commission, and will doubtless always control 
 the same, ought to prompt decisive action without delay in 
 harmony with the Committee's recommendation. 
 
 In view, therefore, of the considerations herein suggested, it 
 is the unanimous judgment of your Coinmittee, and it so recom- 
 mends, that the Commission promptly take such action as may 
 be most effective to adopt and recognize the said scheme as an 
 agency of the Commission, and as will clothe Air. Curtis with 
 the necessary and proper power and authority, as its agent, to 
 carry the same into effect. 
 
 The above report was this 24th day of November, 1890, 
 submitted to the Committee on Foreign Affairs, and having been 
 duly considered, was unanimously adopted, and directed to be 
 submitted to the Commission for acceptance and approval. 
 
 Attest, Geo. V. Massev, 
 
 Secretary. 
 
 (President Palmer in the Chair.) 
 
 A long debate ensued, during the progress of which Mr. 
 McKenzie by unanimous consent moved, and it was voted, that 
 when the Commission adjourns to-day it shall adjourn to meet at 
 9 o'clock Tuesday morning. 
 
 The discussion of the report of the Committee on Foreign 
 Affairs being resumed, Mr. Jones offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved, 'J'hat, as it is not desirable to open the Presidential 
 Campaign of i<S92 on this floor at this time, the recommenda- 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 269 
 
 tions of the Committee be indefinitely postponed ; all of which '^g^|]'^_|^|-th 
 is in the spirit of the Act of Congress. ^^^■ 
 
 By unanimous consent the report of the Committee and the 
 resolution of Mr. Jones were laid upon the table temporarily. 
 
 Mr. Groner, of Virginia, Chairman of the Committee on 
 Tariffs and Transportation, by unanimous consent submitted the 
 following report with the request that it be printed in the minutes 
 and lie upon the table for future consideration: 
 
 Chicago, III., November 24, 1890. 
 
 Hon. Thomas W. Palmer, President World's Columbian Com- 
 mission, Chicago, III: 
 
 Sir: Your Committee on Tariffs and Transportation have 
 the honor to present the following report: 
 
 Immediately after your announcing the members of this ^'tKom- 
 Committee, they met in the Pullman Building in Chicago and Tariffsami 
 organized, electing Commissioner H. P. Rucker, of North Dakota, tation. 
 as Secretary. After passing resolutions authorizing its Chairman 
 to appoint sub-committees, and to employ such clerical force 
 as was necessary to conduct the business of the Committee, 
 adjourned subject to the call of its Chairman, with the under- 
 standing that the Chairman would immediately correspond with 
 such departments of the Government, and such railroad 
 managers as would give this Committee all the preliminary 
 information necessary to make reports to the Commission con- 
 cerning matters of transportation sufficiently far in advance of 
 the holding of the Exposition to enable exhibitors (both in this 
 country and foreign countries) to know exactly the cost of 
 transportation on their exhibits to and from the Exposition. 
 
 Article 10 of the By-Laws, relating to Standing Committees, 
 says: "Committee on Tariffs and Transportation, consisting of 
 sixteen Commissioners, shall have consideration of all matters 
 relating to tariffs, bonding and releasing of goods, and the trans- 
 portation of goods that may be referred to them by the National 
 Commission, in conjunction with such officers of the Treasury 
 as may be appointed." 
 
 The foregoing clearly defined the authority and power of 
 the Committee on Tariffs and Transportation. This Committee, 
 deeming the question of "bonding and releasing of goods " one 
 of the most important to be solved, at the earliest possible date 
 
270 Wo7^ld''s Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third sos- proceccJed to communicate with the Secretar}- of the Treasury, 
 '^">' and its Chairman personally waited upon Secretary Windom to 
 
 learn how far the Act of Congress establishing this Commission 
 authorized assistance from that department of the Government 
 as to this very important question, which had cost the Philadel- 
 phia Centennial Exposition (as I have learned) much trouble and 
 delay. The Secretary of the Treasury met the Chairman of this 
 Committee, and at once directed one of the principal officers of 
 his department to examine the legal aspects of the question, and 
 to give this Committee early information upon this point; and he 
 (the Secretary) expressed a desire to do all in his power to aid 
 Uie Committee and the Exposition. He said if the Act of Con- 
 gress did not sufficiently cover the desires and wants of the Com- 
 mission, that recommendations would be made at the next meet- 
 ing of Congress for further required legislation. 
 
 The Chairman of this Committee had communicated with 
 the Inter-State Commerce Commission concerning the rights of 
 railroads to transport exhibits at greatly reduced rates without 
 discriminating against other consignees over the same lines of 
 roads. The Inter- State Commerce Commission referred this 
 Committee to Section No. 22, of "An Act to regulate Com- 
 merce," which says : 
 
 " Nothing in this Act shall prevent the carriage, storage, or 
 handling of property, free or at reduced rates, for the United 
 States, State or Municipal Governments, or to or from Fairs 
 or Expositions for exhibition thereat," etc. 
 
 The Inter-State Commerce Commissioners were clearly of 
 the opinion that this Act permitted railroads to give schedules 
 of rates long enough in advance of the Exposition for every 
 exhibitor, both in this country and foreign countries, to know, 
 at least a year ahead of the Exposition, what the cost of trans- 
 portation would be for their exhibits. At such time as was proper, 
 this Committee would have communicated with the State Depart- 
 ment with a view of asking the aid of Foreign Consulates in 
 disseminating this traffic information. We had also communi- 
 cated with the Inter-State Commerce Commission as to the 
 rights of railroads to grant to the Commission, or to the Com- 
 mittees (and more especially to tho.se connected with the charge 
 of transportation), free annual tickets or pa.sses, with a view 
 to saving the Government traveling expenses. They had 
 
Minutes of tlie Tliird Session. 271 
 
 received in reply a letter from Commissioner Brao^sf (who had Tiiini sos- 
 
 ^ ■' c3c-> \ sion— Sixth 
 
 consulted with Judge Coole^, its Chairman, and other Commis- ^'">- 
 sioners) to the effect that the present law would not permit an 
 action of this kind on the part of the railroads, and it will 
 require a joint Act of Congress. This was done after consulting 
 with several trunk-line presidents, who were willing and desirous 
 of extending courtesies in this direction. 
 
 We had communicated with the Postmaster-General, who had 
 referred the communication to his legal adviser to learn if the Com- 
 missioners were such officers of the Government as would enable 
 them to avail themselves of the cheaper rates of telegraphing 
 enjoyed by other officers of the Government, thereby saving the 
 Government all the expense in this direction that was possible. 
 All this was done without one dollar of expense to the 
 Government. 
 
 The sub-committees of this Committee, in their respective 
 localities, without cost or expense, had communicated with rail- 
 road managers, and the work of the Committee has steadily 
 progressed in the most satisfactory manner. In fact, everything 
 has been done by this Committee that could have been accom- 
 plished at this early date. 
 
 Now, in view of the recommendation of the Executive Com- 
 mittee for the establishment of bureaus, this Committee would 
 state, that in its opinion no bureau organization at this time is 
 needed in the management of the Tariffs and Transportation 
 Department, or could be so efficient in communicating with the 
 heads of departments in Washington as a committee composed of 
 Commissioners of this Exposition. Nor could any bureau organi- 
 zation reach as effectively the railroad and steamship management 
 of this country as this Committee has facilities for doing. They 
 recognize that further on in the progress of the work of this 
 Exposition it may be necessary to establish a bureau in the City 
 of Chicago; but in all preliminary work your Committee believe 
 that more efficient service can be rendered (and at much less 
 expense) in discharging the duties imposed upon them by the 
 National Commission. 
 
 This Committee desires to express its profound appreciation 
 for the courteous assistance it has received from the Committee 
 on Foreign Affairs, Committee on Fine Arts, the Live Stock 
 Committee, and to the various individual members of this Com- 
 
272 World's Coluiubian Commifislon. 
 
 Ti>^'jj|_|^8-^jj mission who have manifested their appreciation of the position in 
 i^ay. which this Committee was placed. ' 
 
 V. D. Groner, Chairman, 
 H. P. RuCKER, Secretary, 
 Wm. McClelland, 
 John D. Adams, 
 Lewis C. Tetard, 
 M. H. Lane, 
 Lloyd Lowndes, 
 Walter Aiken, 
 Gardiner C. Sims, 
 Euclid Martin, 
 L. Brainard, 
 L W. Haines, 
 J. H. Breslin. 
 By Authority: 
 
 A. B. Andrews, 
 
 O. R. Hundley. 
 
 H. H. McIntyre. 
 
 The Commission then adjourned until 9 o'clock Tuesday 
 mornino:. 
 
 Third Session — Seventh Day, Tuesday, November 25, 
 
 1890. 
 
 Third ses- The Commissiou met in the Council Chamber, City Hall, at 
 
 sion— 
 
 ^ay!"^*^ 9 o'clock A. M. President Palmer in the chair. 
 Roll-call. The roll was called, and the following Commissioners and 
 
 alternates were present: 
 
 Commissioners-at-Large. — California, AL L. McDonald ; 
 Kentucky, W. Lindsay; Michigan, T. W. Palmer ; Nebraska, R. 
 W. P'urnas, alternate. 
 
 Commissioners of the District of Columbia. — D. Clagett, 
 alternate. 
 
 Commissioners of the States. — Alabama, G. L. Werch, 
 alternate ; Arkansas, J. D. Adams; California, M. H. de Young, 
 W. Forsyth; Colorado, R. E. Goodell, F. J. V. Skiff; Con^ 
 necticut, L. Brainard, T. M. Waller; Delaware, G. V. Mas- 
 sey, W. H. Porter; Florida, J. Hirst, R. TurnbuU; Georgia, 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 273 
 
 L. McLaws, C. H. Way; Idaho, G. A. Manning, J. E. Stearns; Third ses- 
 Illinois, C. H. Deere, A. T. Ewing; Indiana, T. E. Garvin, Day*;°*^ 
 E. B. Martindale; Iowa, W. F. King, J. Eiboeck, alternate; 
 Kansas, C. K, Holliday, Jr., R. R. Price; Kentucky, J. Ben- 
 nett, J. A. McKenzie; Louisiana, D. B. Penn, P. J. McMahon, 
 alternate; Maine, C. S. Edwards, alternate; Massachusetts, F. W. 
 Breed; Michigan, M. H. Lane, C. H. Richmond; Minnesota, M. B. 
 Harrison, O. V. Tousley; Mississippi, J. M. Bynum, R. L. Saun- 
 ders; Missouri, T. B. Bullene, C. H. Jones; Montana, A, H. 
 Mitchell; Nebraska, A. G. Scott, W. L. May, alternate; Nevada, 
 J. W. Haines, G. Russell; New Jersey, W. J. Sewell, T. 
 Smith; New York, J. B. Thacher, J. H. Breslin, alternate; 
 North Carolina, T. B. Keogh; North Dakota, H. P. Rucker, 
 M, Ryan; Ohio, H. P. Piatt, W. Ritchie; Oregon, H. Klip- 
 pel, M. Wilkins; Pennsylvania, W. McClelland, J. W. Wood- 
 side; Rhode Island, L. B. Goff, G. C. Sims; South Carolina, 
 J. R. Cochran, E. L. Roche, alternate; South Dakota, S. A. Ram- 
 sey, L. S. Bullard, alternates; Tennessee, T. L. Williams, R. 
 Strong, alternate; Texas, J. T. Dickinson; Vermont, A. F. 
 Walker, alternate; Virginia, V. D. Groner, J. T. Harris; Wash- 
 ington, H. Drum, C. B. Hopkins; West Virginia, J. D. Butt, J. 
 W. St. Clair; Wisconsin, P. Allen, Jr., J. L. Mitchell; Wyoming, 
 H. G. Hay, A. S. Mercer, alternate. 
 
 Commissioners of the Territories. — Arizona, G. F. Coats; 
 New Mexico, R. M. White, L. C. Tetard, alternate; Oklahoma, 
 O. Beeson, J. D. Miles; Utah, F. J. Kiesel, P. H. Lannan. 
 
 The report of the Committee on Foreign Affairs, regarding supplement- 
 ary report 
 
 the plan for securing exhibits from the Spanish-American Repub- ^^^|/,\^,jf. 
 lies, beinpf under consideration, Mr. Waller, of Connecticut, elunAf- 
 
 ' * ' ' ' fairs ac- 
 
 moved that the report be accepted and referred to the Bureau of referred"^ 
 Foreign Affairs when that Bureau shall have been created. 
 
 After protracted debate the report of the Committee on For- 
 eign Affairs was unanimously accepted, and so referred. 
 
 Mr. St. Clair, of West Virginia, submitted the report of the 
 Joint Conference Committee on the Powers and Duties of the 
 Commission, as follows: 
 
274 World's Columhian Commission. 
 
 Tiiirdses- To tltc IVor/ifs Columbian Commission, aiul (o tJir Dinrtoi s of the 
 
 c-iith Day. World's Columbiiiu Exposition : 
 
 ^'?hejJint Your Special Committee of Conference to whom were re- 
 
 Se c-oin- ferred the resolutions adopted by your two bodies respectively, 
 
 uiltter on , . _..,.,. "ill 1 
 
 ;iic I'ow- on their separate uirisdiction as such, beo: leave to report the re- 
 
 tifsuf the suit of their iomt conference in the matters at issue, and so to 
 
 rbSo them submitted : 
 
 Directory. Your Committee have deemed it best to avoid all discussion 
 
 upon legal issues and technicalities, and adopt such measures as 
 to them seem advisable for the harmonious administration of the 
 affairs of the Exposition. In pursuance of that intent, they 
 recommend the adoption by your respective bodies of the plan 
 of procedure, outlined as follows: 
 ^ifSrt-^ The work of the Exposition shall be divided into the 
 
 incuts. following great departments, and to properly administer and 
 systematize the Exposition, there shall be established a head or 
 chief officer of each of these departments, such bureaus to be at 
 all times open to^the inspection of the appropriate committees of 
 the two bodies. Each chief shall have under his control a Bureau 
 of Clerks, and shall generally have charge of correspondence 
 with intending exhibitors in his department. 
 ^'thSof ^\)^^ salaries of the chiefs of the several departments herein- 
 
 Buiciius. af|-gj- enumerated, and their subordinates, together with the 
 current expenses of each, shall be paid by the World's Columbian 
 Exposition. The salaries to be fixed by the Director-General, 
 subject to the approval of the Board of Directors of said Expo- 
 sition; and the right is reserved to the said Board of Directors to 
 discontinue or reduce the appropriations for any one or more of 
 said departments, when, in their opinion, the interests of the 
 Exposition shall so require. 
 Ai'poiiu-^^^ The chiefs of departments shall be appointed b)'' the Director- 
 
 rector^*' General, subject to confirmation by the National Commission and 
 
 General. j^Q^rd of Directors of the World's Columbian Exposition, and 
 not by any committee of either. The Director-General shall also 
 have power to appoint all subordinates necessary to the proper 
 administration of the departments. 
 Kemovais. Removals for cause may be made by the Director-General 
 
 of all officers and employes appointed by him. 
 
 DEPARTMENTS. 
 
 ^cuUvJ^De- The Departments shall consist of the following: 
 
 pai nuns. ^ — Agriculturc, Food and Food Products, l'\'irming Machin- 
 
 ery and Appliances. 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 275 
 
 B — Viticulture, Horticulture, and Floriculture. '^L'lon-se'v- 
 
 C— Live Stock— Domestic and Wild Animals. enu.Day. 
 
 D — Fish, Fisheries, Fish Products, and Apparatus of Fishing. 
 
 E — Mines, Mining, and Metallurgy. 
 
 F — Machinery. 
 
 G — Transportation Exhibits — Railways, Vessels, Vehicles. 
 
 H — Manufactures. 
 
 J — Electricity and Electrical Appliances. 
 
 K — Fine Arts — Pictorial, Plastic, and Decorative. 
 
 L — Liberal Arts, Education, Engineering, Public Works, 
 Architecture, Music, and the Drama. 
 
 M — Ethnology, Archaeology, Progress of Labor and Inven- 
 tion — isolated and collective exhibits. 
 
 N — Forestry and Forest Products. 
 
 O — Publicity and Promotion. 
 
 P — Foreign Affairs. 
 
 The creation of this Department of Foreign Affairs is not 
 to contravene the rights and powers of the Committee on 
 Foreign Affairs to control the disbursement of the $20,000 liere- 
 tofore placed under their control; but the manner of such expen- 
 diture shall be reported to, and be made part of, the record of 
 this department, and in all other respects the Committee on 
 Foreign Affairs shall bear the same relation to this department 
 as other standing Committees bear to their corresponding depart- 
 ments. 
 
 The Director-General may, in his discretion, and with the^^epart- 
 
 ments may 
 
 consent of the Executive Committees of thQ two bodies — National Sj^You""*"''" 
 Commission and Local Directory — place two or more of these 
 departments under the control of one chief, and so continue 
 them until necessity shall require independent chiefs. 
 
 The expenses of the Director-General's •office and his clerk ^-TP^"^^'*^ "'^ 
 hire shall be paid out of the Government funds, under the pro- See'!'*'''^ 
 vision made for the payment of contingent expenses as set forth 
 in Section 18 of the Act of Congress. 
 
 Any material chani^es, modifications, or extensions in the i'^'^'isfoi' 
 plans of the grounds or buildings, as adopted by the Commission fugg''"'"^' 
 and the Directory, will be subject to the joint approval of the 
 Board of Reference and Control of the Commission and the 
 Grounds and Buildings Committee of the Directory. The 
 Commission, through its Director-General, or other officer 
 selected for the purpose, shall at all times have access to the 
 
276 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 inspoction grounds and buildings for the purpose of inspection and informa- 
 
 Cominis- tion. 
 sion. 
 
 Atrentstobe It being deemed essential that representatives of the Expo- 
 
 sioncd lin- sition should be duly accredited, it is recommended that all per- 
 
 sons hereafter officially authorized to promote the interests of the 
 
 Exposition shall be commissioned by the Director-General, under 
 
 the seal of the Commission. 
 
 BOARD OF REFERENCE. 
 
 Board of Rcsolvcd^ That a Board of Reference and Coutrol be Created, 
 
 iimicon-*^ consisting of the President, Vice-Chairman, and six members of 
 the Commission, to be hereafter appointed by the President of the 
 Commission, upon whom shall be conferred all the powers and 
 duties of the Executive Committee when not in session, and 
 which, with a like Committee of the Directory, to be appointed 
 by their President, shall constitute a Committee of Conference, 
 to which shall be referred all matters of difference, and the action 
 of which thereon shall be conclusive. 
 
 Your Committees respectfully suggest, that in their opinion, 
 the adoption of the foregoing plan will render immaterial all ques- 
 tions of controversy as to the relative rights, powers, and duties 
 of the two bodies they represent, and insure harmonious action 
 in the future. 
 
 Lyman J. Gage, J, W. St. Clair, Chainnan, 
 
 Thomas B. Bryan, William Lindsay, 
 
 Ferd. W. Peck, Thomas M. Waller, 
 
 E. Walker, , E. B. Martindale, 
 
 E. T. Jeffery, W. J, Sewell, 
 Potter Palmer, M. H. de Young, 
 
 F. S. Winston, Geo. V. Massey, 
 DeWitt C. Cregier. V. D. Groner. 
 
 Mr. Hopkins, of Washington, moved the following amend- 
 ment: 
 
 Resolved^ That the report of the Conference Committee be 
 rejected, and that the Committee of this Commission be requested 
 to renew the conference so as to obtain the adoption of the 
 following, to take the place of the first three lines, and the word 
 "Commission " in the fourth line, on page 3, under the heading 
 "Board of Reference." 
 
 That a Board of Reference and Control be created, to 
 consist of six members of this Commission, to be elected by 
 ballot, at three o'clock on the afternoon of November 25, 1890. 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 
 
 277 
 
 After considerable debate the resolution proposed by Mr. 
 Hopkins was defeated, and the report of the Joint Conference 
 Committee was unanimously adopted. 
 
 Mr. St. Clair offered the following resolution, which was 
 adopted: 
 
 Resolved, That the Committee on Judiciary, Rules, and By- 
 Laws be instructed to so amend the existing By-Laws of the 
 Commission as to conform them to the report of the special 
 Conference Committee. 
 
 Mr. St. Clair offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved, That the Secretary of this Commission be directed 
 to have made a seal, which shall be the official seal of this Com- 
 mission, to be affixed to all official documents of the Commission, 
 and to be attested by the Secretary of the Commission, who shall 
 be its custodian. The design of such seal shall be selected by 
 the President and Secretary. 
 
 On motion of Mr. de Young, the resolution was unani- 
 mously adopted. 
 
 Mr. Brainard, of Connecticut, offered the following resolu- 
 tion, which was adopted: 
 
 Resolved, That the Committee on Grounds and Buildings be 
 requested, at its earliest convenience, to report to this Commission 
 whether any portion of the exhibition grounds has been set apart 
 for the erection by the several States, Territories, the District 
 of Columbia, and foreign nations, of suitable buildings to be used 
 as their headquarters, the said buildings to be under the con- 
 trol of the parties erectmg the same, subject to the rules es- 
 tablished for the government of the Exhibition; and if so, how 
 the location of such buildings shall be determined, and whether 
 buildings so erected will remain the property of the parties erect- 
 ing the same, subject to their disposal or removal at the close of 
 the Exhibition. 
 
 Mr. de Young, of California, submitted the following com- 
 munication, which was referred to the Committee on Ceremonies: 
 
 Resolved, That in addition to the propositions already men- 
 tioned for the proper dedication of the World's Columbian 
 Exposition, a "night fete" be placed in Jackson Park. That all 
 the trees in the park be decorated with bright globe paper 
 lanterns, using about ten thousand of them. Then, in the canals 
 and lakes in Jackson Park, he suggested that there be anchored 
 
 19 
 
 Report of 
 Joint Con- 
 ference 
 Commit- 
 tee adopt- 
 ed. 
 
 By-Laws to 
 be amend- 
 ed. 
 
 Official Seal 
 of the 
 Commis- 
 sion. The 
 Secretary 
 to attest 
 and be Its 
 custodian. 
 
278 World's Columhian. Commission. 
 
 Third ses- in the watcr, wooden forms or frames made in the shape of stars, 
 
 8ion— Sev- t • 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 J 
 
 enthDay. crescents, eagles, shields, etc., on which should be placed red, 
 white, and blue glass cups, illuminated with the usual wax candles. 
 The effect of these illuminated colored cups, at night, would be 
 as if they were coming out of the water, and would be most 
 brilliant. Then, further suggests, that there be ancho.-ed out 
 into the lake, in front of Jackson Park, ten large flat-boats, on 
 which should be erected set pieces of fire-works emblematic of 
 the day we celebrate; each of these flat-boats to be surrounded, 
 around their edge, with a raised frame-work of iron, pendent to 
 which should be grouped together all colors of these glass cups. 
 Would further suggest, that twenty small steamboats should be 
 secured and decorated with all kinds of illuminated lanterns and 
 glass cups, each boat carrying a band of music, and these twenty 
 boats to be kept in constant motion up and down in front of the 
 park, while there should be men constantly firing from the boats 
 different vari-colored bombs and rockets. Further, loo row- 
 boats should be secured and properly manned, and in each boat 
 should be erected a frame-work, fastened in the bow and stern, 
 rising above the boat, to which should be hung colored glass 
 cups and lanterns. A man should be placed in the bow and stern 
 of each one of these boats, to keep up a continual burning of 
 red, white, blue, and green fire. Further, the boatmen should 
 be drilled to make various groupings of the boats in front of the 
 park; the effect would be bewildering. The next effect would be 
 the crowning one of all. In the center of the anchored flat fire- 
 works boat should be built a half side view of the ship "Santa 
 Maria," the boat on which Columbus discovered America. On 
 this boat there should be placed a large electric plant. Then the 
 figures of Columbus and his crew should be made out by group- 
 ino- to^^ether different colored incandescent electric lamps. In the 
 center of the ship build a column crowned with a globe, the 
 whole formed with electric lamps same as the crew. The sides 
 of the ship, masts, bow-sprit, etc., entirely covered with electric 
 lamps. This plan, if properly carried out, would be the most 
 effective and brilliant night display ever held in the new world. 
 
 Mr. Martindale, of Indiana, Chairman of the Grounds and 
 Buildings Committee, submitted the following plans and specifi- 
 cations of the buildings proposed to be erected for the Exposi- 
 tion: 
 
ca- 
 tions. 
 
 Minutes of the Third Session. 279 
 
 Chicago, November 21, i8qo. Third ses- 
 
 ' ^ 8lon-Sev 
 
 To the Directors of the World's Colu7?ibian Exposition: enthDay. 
 
 Sirs: The duty of the undersigned with respect to the Buildings 
 
 , . for the 
 
 preparation of plans, has, up to the present time, been to aid i-jxposi- 
 Committees in studying the capabilities of different suggested sSa*"^ 
 sites. These plans have been prepared without accurate data 
 and upon bases in many respects hypothetical. They have been 
 intended simply to aid in debate by giving a more definite form 
 to verbal suggestions. 
 
 We were yesterday advised of action of the Commission by 
 which, for the first time, a general scheme of classification of the 
 exhibits of the Exposition was determined, yet without fixing the 
 space or the proportion of space to be assigned to each of its 
 divisions. We have also received instructions, dated yesterday, 
 by which we are notified that Jackson Park has been selected as 
 the site of the Main Exposition; the Lake Front for parts of it, 
 and the Midway Plaisance and Washington Park as reserves for 
 possible other parts. We are further instructed to provide at the 
 earliest possible moment, plans and specifications for buildings 
 to be located in Jackson Park, and on the Lake Front. We 
 have been given to know, unofficially, that it is desired that these 
 required plans and specifications shall be considered and acted 
 upon by the Commission at its present session, and that it is 
 hoped that they may be submitted for the purpose within twenty- 
 four hours. 
 
 Although we have given the matter no little consideration, 
 it is not to be supposed that the term, " plans and specifications," 
 can have been used under the circumstances to which we have 
 referred in a sense often allowed them. 
 
 At a stage of the undertaking of the last Paris Exposition 
 approximately corresponding to that which has now been reached 
 in the development of the Columbian Exposition, the period of 
 one year was given the designers, with a large, well-organized, 
 disciplined, and accomplished staff of assistants, to prepare what 
 have been described as the ''plans and specifications" for that work. 
 It is obvious that this term cannot be used in the present case 
 with the same significance. We are obliged to assume that what 
 is asked of us at this time is a scheme of general arrangement 
 for the principal buildings of the Exposition, with a verbal de- 
 scription as specific as is practicable to be prepared within the 
 time prescribed, of the more important characteristics of the 
 
280 WorlcPs Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third Sea- materials proposed to be used in them, the manner of their con- 
 Seventh struction, and their general style and aspect. 
 
 Jackson Park. 
 
 It is intended to use the entire park for purposes of the 
 Fair, leaving the improved parts as much as possible in their 
 present condition. The unimproved part is to be laid out in a 
 manner appropriate to the whole plan of buildings, and at the 
 same time follow, when possible, the lines already laid down by 
 the Park Commissioners. 
 
 The Grounds — In general, the present northern inlet is to 
 be further extended, and to become an interior lagoon, that shall 
 inclose the island shown upon the accompanying maps. This 
 island is now covered with an extensive body of native wood; 
 It is an essential point of the general design that it shall be pre- 
 served and made the basis of a passage of natural landscape to 
 supply an episode of scenery in refreshing relief to the grandeur 
 of the buildings, and through its sylvan qualities, to the crowded 
 and busy aspect that must be looked for almost everywhere else 
 within the grounds. To this object it is essential that, neither 
 within the limits of the island nor in close association with it, 
 should structures be given a place which, by their size, their 
 architectural design, or the purposes for which they are to be 
 used, will interfere with the motive thus proposed to be controll- 
 ing ir> the locality. 
 
 From the lagoon above mentioned a canal will continue the 
 water-way southward along the main building, and into the large 
 basin which is to form the center of a great court about which 
 the principal buildings of the Exposition are to be grouped. The 
 banks of these land-locked bodies of water are to be finished in 
 ways appropriate to the various localities through which they 
 pass. Thus broad terraces and landings will be needed where 
 the lagoon opens into the lake, for both the Fisheries and the 
 Government Exhibits, while the shores of the island should have 
 informal outlines masked with foliage. The borders of the canal 
 and the basin in the court are to be treated formally, with 
 embankments of stone or brick, surmounted by parapets or 
 balustrades of stone, iron, brick or t^rra cotta, and opening upon 
 steps and landings here and there where boating parties may 
 land. 
 
 All walks and outdoor places for assemblages of people are 
 to be furnished with numerous seats and resting-places, and are 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 281 
 
 to be paved with mosaics of brick, stone or concrete blocks, Third set- 
 except where gravel or stone chips may seem more expedient. lay '^'^ 
 
 At their own expense the South Park Commissioners will 
 pave the beach along the entire shore of the lake. 
 
 The ornamentation of the grounds with turf and flowers, 
 shrubs and trees, is a matter of too much detail to be here 
 described. It must be studied out as the plans progress. 
 
 Transportation — All public passenger railways, whether 
 steam, cable, electric, or horse, are to enter the park at the south- 
 west corner, though any of them may have stations at the Mid- 
 way Plaisance or other convenient places, if kept outside the 
 grounds. The width of trackage is yet to be determined upon 
 by the transportation authorities,, and therefore the location 
 alone can be indicated here. Those roads entering the inclosure 
 will deliver passengers inside the Administration Building. 
 From this place an intramural, electric, elevated road will pass 
 out through the grounds, entering buildings where deemed 
 advisable and having convenient stations wherever necessary. 
 It will connect with the station at the Midway Plaisance and pass 
 back to the Administration Building by another route, thus form- 
 ing a complete circuit and making it easy to go from one place 
 to another without walking. 
 
 Visitors once in the Fair will come out of the Administration 
 Station upon the Great Square, where all the spaces are very 
 broad, affording ample room for the gathering or dispersing of 
 large crowds. Wheeled chairs are to be always kept in attend- 
 ance here. The buildings will be impressive in appearance when 
 viewed from this court; and to make them even- more so, and 
 also to afford protection when the weather is inclement, a grand 
 open arcade will inclose this space, except toward the lake, and 
 will connect the buildings together, so that visitors may safely go 
 from place to place in any weather. As mentioned before, there 
 will be a great water basin in the center of this court, where 
 important fountains will play, forming an object of brilliant 
 beauty in the sunlight, or when illumined by colored incandes- 
 cent lamps at night. The basin has an outlet to the lake. This 
 will be bridged by an iron, stone, or brick structure, the arch 
 being made to blend with the artistic spirit of its surrounding. 
 
 Opposite the great open court a pier, to be of such form 
 and direction as may be hereafter determined, will project into 
 the Lake about fifteen hundred feet. It is to be so constructed 
 as to form a harbor for the landing of lake craft, and for their 
 
282 WorlcTs Columbian Commission. 
 
 Thirdses- safety. The floor of the pier will slope gently upward as it 
 Seventh jgads from the shore, so that visitors may look back over each 
 others' heads, and get the full effect of the court and its sur- 
 roundings, the paved beach covered with people, and the archi- 
 tectural grandeur of the most imposing and important buildings 
 of the Fair. 
 
 There is to be a large restaurant and resting-place at the 
 outer end of this pier, with a band-stand and dancing-floor in 
 connection. This pier is intended to be a most noted feature of 
 the Exposition. 
 
 Without destroying the improved part on the north, the 
 Horticultural Exhibit is to be placed there upon the open 
 meadow. The building will be largely of iron and glass, and 
 furnished with a plant for purposes of heating and ventilating. 
 The large open green in front of the building will be used 
 for the out-of-door horticultural exhibits. Among the trees 
 near this location, and placed in a way to preserve them, 
 will be a few small, finely-designed houses, either for the States 
 or of some archaeological interest. These smaller structures 
 are to.be ma^'e of materials substantial Enough for one season, 
 but as inexpensive as possible, compatibly with the desired 
 effect. 
 
 An imposing entrance arch and Administration Station is 
 to be placed on the Midway Plaisance, that may be permanent, 
 and is therefore to be of lasting materials. 
 
 According to instructions we have placed the Agricultural 
 and Live Stock Exhibits in the southwestern portion of the park, 
 where the land is comparatively high and well protected. For 
 agriculture a main building is to be erected, in size and arrange- 
 ment adapted to every need of this department and having an 
 independent heating-plant. 
 
 For live stock the buildings are to be adapted to the needs 
 as shall be expressed by those having this department in charge. 
 In general there will be housing for stock and their attendants, 
 and hospitals for the animals. There will be grand stands and 
 display wings, and other buildings to meet all proper require- 
 ments. These buildings are to be temporary, and therefore to be 
 cheaply erected and made largely of wood; will be carefully de- 
 signed with due regard to beauty and general effect. 
 
 Realizing the importance of the Agricultural and Live 
 Stock Exhibits, it is the intention of the designers to make these 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 283 
 
 departments interesting in plan and appearance by all the arts Third s^es- 
 at their command. Day!°^^ 
 
 The Government will furnish its own building and exhib- 
 its, among the latter a line of battle ship fully equipped. A large 
 open campus will be left near this point for Government use and 
 display. 
 
 Across the inlet from the Government Exhibit will be the 
 building for the Fisheries. A building here, as beautiful as 
 possible in appearance, will be erected of durable materials, and 
 fitted with every arrangement and detail to carry on the propa- 
 gation, subsisting, and display of water animals. A plant for 
 heating will be supplied. 
 
 About and near the Fisheries are to be small, finely designed 
 buildings, disposed in a manner not to break up the quiet of this 
 expanse, which may be used for the purposes mentioned before 
 when speaking of those near the Horticultural Exhibit. 
 
 The Administration Building is to cover many functions, 
 among them that of a station for all transportation lines enter- 
 ing the park; a station more extensive than any now existing. 
 It will also contain the full Administration forces; for informa- 
 tion, for police, fire, transportation, public comfort, expenditure 
 and accounts, and any other similar purposes. It is therefore 
 headquarters where nearly all visitors will arrive, attend to any 
 business that they may have, and depart, and where all forces 
 and employes report and take their orders. It should be the 
 most important in architectural appearance, and, of necessity, well 
 constructed and fire-proof. 
 
 The Machinery Hall, which will be larger than any before 
 built, will not only cover machinery in the ordinar)^ sense, but 
 will furnish a great central open space, spanned with wide trusses, 
 where there shall be the best chance possible for the display of 
 the different transportation exhibits. 
 
 Railway tracks are to be laid in all passages, and covered 
 with the floors when hot in use, so that heavy machinery may be 
 moved about at will. These railway tracks are to lead out 
 upon the main lines in the grounds, so that locomotives and cars 
 may enter and depart without delay. Power-houses and heating 
 plants will be made in connection with this building. 
 
 The main building for manufactures is to be arranged in 
 plan to cover many functions. In it, either on the ground-floor 
 level or above, are to be special isolated rooms for judges and 
 
284 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third ses- for sDccial socicties or committees. Here are to be restau- 
 
 fllon— '^ 
 
 Seventh j-ant and toilet rooms, toward the canal and toward the lake. 
 The lighting of this building is to be especially cared for, and 
 heating provided where necessary for comfort or to carry on 
 any exhibit. 
 
 The Electric and Mining exhibits are to occupy each a 
 building across the canal from the Manufactories Building, each 
 adapted to its purpose and furnished with power. The one for 
 electricity is to be adapted not only for power-house and light 
 station, but to be especially for all displays and contests for 
 manufacturing and of the companies or persons in that business, 
 and to be in itself, when seen from a distance, an object of 
 beauty by day or night. 
 
 This group of buildings, namely, the Administration, the 
 Machinery, the Manufactories, the Mining and the Electric, are 
 to form a whole in design; they are intended as a mass to be im- 
 pressive, as a plan most convenient, and as structures to be very 
 substantial. The materials entering into their composition will 
 be largely iron and masonry of brick and stone, though a free 
 use will be made of terra cotta, wood, staff, and other materials. 
 
 Electricity — The lighting of the Exposition will be by 
 electricity, and much of the power to be supplied will be by the 
 same means. Displays are to be made under fountains and 
 water-ways, and possibly under the outer lake itself. 
 
 Steam — The special large plant will be at the Machinery 
 Building, from which heat and power may be transmitted to the 
 Administration Building. 
 
 In other places needing steam there will be separate plants. 
 
 Gas — Gas is to be used as little as possible, and only when 
 demanded for set purposes of manufacture, or very late lighting. 
 
 Water — An arrangement will be made with the City of 
 I Chicago to furnish all the water required for Exposition pur- 
 
 i poses. 
 
 Ail buildings for exhibits are to be designed with reference 
 
 ' to the health and convenience of attendants and visitors, and 
 
 provided with spaces for taking care of packing cases and extra 
 
 ' goods, with due regard for safety of the contents; but it is 
 
 impossible to go into further particulars about the planning or 
 
 exteriors at this early date. 
 
 Sewerage — This work will be handled by those most 
 expert, to insure a perfect fulfilling of its functions. 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 285 
 
 Lake Front. 
 
 Until it is determined how much land is to be used on the Third ses- 
 sion- 
 Lake Front, and whether new land is to be made there, it can not IfZ,®^^'^ 
 
 be definitely stated how the buildings will be arranged. It is 
 understood, however, that buildings for what is known in the 
 classification as ''Department K," and for that portion of Depart- 
 ment L which is generally grouped with it, will be placed on the 
 Lake Front, and that in addition large station facilities will be 
 provided for the crowds who will make this ground a starting 
 place for their visits to Jackson Park. 
 
 D. H. BURNHAM, 
 
 Chief of Construction. 
 John W. Root, 
 
 Consulting Architect. 
 
 F. L. Olmsted & Co., 
 
 Consulting Landscape Architects. 
 
 A. Gottlieb, 
 
 Consulting Engineer. 
 
 I hereby certify that the foregoing is a correct copy of the 
 plans and specifications of buildings adopted by the Board of 
 Directors of the World's Columbian Exposition at a meeting 
 held Friday, November 21, 1890. 
 
 Witness my hand and the seal of the corporation this 24th 
 day of November, A. D. 1890. 
 
 Bexj. Butterworth, 
 
 [seal] Secretary. 
 
 Recommendation of the Committee. 
 
 Whereas, The Directory of the World's Columbian Exposi- 
 tion have caused to be prepared, and have tendered to this Com- 
 mission for acceptance, under the Fifth Section of the Act of 
 Congress, plans and specifications of buildings "to be erected by 
 said Corporation for the purposes of the Exposition," the said 
 plans and specifications being so tendered under the following 
 resolution of said Directory, to wit: 
 
 Resolved^ That the plans and specifications of the grounds 
 and buildings for the holding of the World's Columbian Expo- 
 sition, prepared by the Consulting Architect, Landscape Archi- 
 tect, and Engineer and Chief of Construction, and marked 
 ^* Exhibits A " and '* B," be, and the same are hereby adopted by 
 
286 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 '^sion-^^ the Board of Directors, and the same are hereby tendered to the 
 se^venth Commissioners of the World's Columbian Commission, in pur- 
 suance of the provisions of Section 5 of the Act of Congress; 
 and it is agreed that any changes, modifications, or extensions 
 that may be found necessary to be made to said plans and 
 specifications, shall be made with the approval of the Committee 
 of Conference and Control of the Commission and the Com- 
 mitte of the Directory on Buildings and Grounds, provided such 
 reference be adopted by the Commission in place of that 
 agreed to, this twenty-fourth of November, 1890, by the Joint 
 Conference Committee of the two bodies on their respective 
 duties. 
 
 I hereby certify that the above resolution was adopted by 
 the Board of Directors of the World's Columbian Exposition, at 
 an adjourned session of a special meeting of said Board, held at 
 the headquarters of the Directory this twenty-fourth day of 
 November, 1890. 
 
 Witness my hand and the Seal of the Corporation. 
 [seal] Benj, Butterworth, 
 
 Secretary. 
 
 Therefore, be it Resolved, That said plans and specifications 
 are hereby accepted by the World's Columbian Commission, 
 subject to the terms and conditions set out in the said resolution 
 of the Directory, adopting and tendering the same. 
 
 That this Commission, being satisfied that said corporation 
 has an actual bona fide and valid subscription to the capital 
 stock which will secure the payment of at least $5,000,000, and 
 that not less than $500,000 has been paid in, and that the further 
 sum of $5,000,000, making in all $10,000,000, will be provided 
 by said corporation in ample time for its needful use during the 
 prosecution of the work for the complete preparation for said 
 Exposition. 
 
 Therefore, Resolved, That the President of this Commission 
 be, and is, hereby directed to transmit to the President of the 
 United States a certified copy of these resolutions, together 
 with a certified copy of the resolutions of this Commission 
 accepting the site for the Exposition, and notifying the President 
 that provision has been made for ground and buildings for the 
 uses of the World's Columbian Exposition, as required by Section 
 10 of said Act of Congress. 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 287 
 
 On motion of Mr. de Young, the report of the Grounds and ''gjf/J,^^^' 
 
 _ ., ,. „ . , , 1 . . . Seventh 
 
 Buildmgs Committee, and the resolution accompanying it, were Day. 
 ordered printed, and made the special order for 2.30 o'clock p. m. 
 
 Mr. Groner, of Virginia, Chairman of the Committee on 
 Tariffs and Transportation, called up the report of that Com- 
 mittee, and it was adopted. 
 
 Mr. Woodside, of Pennsylvania, offered the following reso- 
 lution: 
 
 Whereas, Some of the Standing Committees have expended 
 small sums of money for incidental expenses; therefore, be it 
 
 Resolved, That all such accounts of Standing Committees be 
 and are hereby authorized and approved by this Commission, and 
 the Secretary instructed to have them paid; and the Secretary is 
 further instructed to supply each Committee with such reasona- 
 ble amount of stationery and postage stamps as may be necessary 
 for the work of said Committees. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Jones, of Missouri, the consideration of 
 expenses in the above resolution was referred to the Finance 
 Committee, and the Secretary was instructed to furnish a reason- 
 able amount of stationery for the use of Committees. 
 
 Mr. Furnas, of Nebraska, in behalf of the Executive Com- Report of 
 
 Executive 
 
 mittee, asked unanimous consent to make a report of the con- Si'on the 
 
 Powers 
 
 ference held with a Committee on the part of the Board of Lady and Duties 
 
 ^ -'of Lady 
 
 Managers regarding their powers, duties, and privileges. Con- *'*^^^®^^ 
 sent was given and the report was submitted as follows: 
 
 Chicago, III., November 25, 1890. 
 To the Hon. T. W. Palmer, President of the World's Columbian 
 Commission: 
 Sir: The Sub-Committee of the Executive Committee, to 
 confer with a like committee on the part of the Board of Lady 
 Managers, relating to their duties, powers, and privileges, report: 
 That after two brief conferences of the two Committees, the 
 Board of Lady Managers, through its Committee, presented, in 
 writing, the following, as expressive of its wishes: 
 
 REPORT: To the Sub-Committee of the Executive Committee of 
 the World's Columbian Commission: 
 The Committee of Conference, from the Board of Lady Man- 
 agers, beg leave to present the following requests from that 
 Board, namely: 
 
288 World'' s Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third See- ist. We request a liberal construction of the Act of Con- 
 
 slon— 
 
 Seventh gress which creates this Board of Lady Managers and leaves its 
 duties to be prescribed by your Commission. 
 
 2d. We do not request a separate building for woman's 
 work. 
 
 3d. That the Columbian Commission fix the salaries of 
 Chairman and Secretary of the Board of Lady Managers. 
 
 4th. We request that a suitable building be provided and 
 placed under the control of the Board of Lady Managers, for 
 official and other purposes. 
 
 5th. That this Board be allowed to work in conjunction 
 with your Commission in efforts to interest the people of the 
 respective States and Territories in the success of the Columbian 
 Exposition. 
 
 6th. We further request that the Executive Committee 
 formulate their instructions to the Board of Lady Managers so 
 explicitly that there may be no misunderstanding of them. 
 
 Mrs. Wm. H. Felton, Chain?ian^ 
 Mrs. John A. Logan, 
 Mrs. Virginia C. Meredith, 
 Mrs. John S. Briggs, 
 Mary E. Busselle. 
 
 Your Committee recommend that, under existing circum- 
 stances, and for the present, salary be provided only for one 
 officer, namely, that for Secretary; that her salary be fixed, for 
 the present, at $1,500 per annum; that there be allowed, for the 
 incidental expenses of the office of the Board of Lady Mana- 
 gers, stationery, postage, books, etc., necessary for the use of said 
 Board, the sum of $500 per annum; that in addition, and in 
 connection with the rooms of the Secretary of the Commission, 
 the President and Secretary of the Board of Lady Managers be 
 provided with an office in the City of Chicago. 
 
 That for the present the Board of Lady Managers, in mat- 
 ter of committees, provide only for an Executive Committee, 
 with full power to act in all matters pertaining to its work, sub- 
 ject to the limitations of the Act of Congress; that said Com- 
 mittee consist of twelve (12) ladies, selected in equal numbers 
 from each of the four geographical divisions of the United 
 States and Territories; the President of the Board to be ex-offi- 
 cio member and Chairman of the Committee; that the Secretary 
 shall be Secretary of the Committee, but not a member thereof. 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 289 
 
 That at the proper time a suitable building or accommoda- Third ses- 
 
 *^ * ° slon— 
 
 tion on the Exposition grounds be provided and placed under the ^^y!'^'^'^ 
 control of the Executive Committee of the Board of Lady 
 Managers for ofificial and other purposes, as requested. 
 
 Your Committee has not attempted to give instructions to 
 the Board of Lady Managers, but simply obtained its ideas and 
 wishes, and recommend for your consideration the foregoing. 
 
 We most respectfully suggest, however, that the Executive 
 Committee of the Commission, in the near future, should provide 
 the Board of Lady Managers with more detailed and definite 
 instruction as to its line of work. The Board is composed of 
 an earnest, intelligent band of ladies, from every State and Ter- 
 ritory in the Union, anxious to aid in every possible way the 
 great work of the National Commission. Your Committee will 
 venture to express, further, the belief that without the united 
 assistance of the ladies the objects of the Commission will not 
 be the success its projectors and friends wish and have reason 
 to expect. 
 
 Respectfully submitted, 
 
 RoBT. W. Furnas, 
 
 Hiram Atkins, 
 
 J. D. Butt, 
 
 R. L. Saunders, 
 
 Reese R. Price. 
 
 Mr. Furnas also submitted a minority report from Mr. 
 Williams, of Tennessee, as follows: 
 
 Mv sense of justice compels me to dissent from majority Minority 
 
 J ^ J J Keport. 
 
 report in one particular only. The sub-committee of the Board 
 of Lady Managers having asked for a salary for their President, 
 I think it would be ungenerous to refuse their request, and I 
 therefore recommend an annual salary of $2,500 for their 
 President. 
 
 Thos. L. Williams, 
 
 Member of Sub- Committee. 
 
 Mr. Jones, of Missouri, made that point of order, that as ^"vixnt ^ 
 
 . . ,. . nance 
 
 these reports and recommendations provide for expenditures of commit- 
 money, they should be referred to the Committee on Finance, 
 and the chair so ruled. 
 
 Mr. White, of New Mexico, offered the following resolution, 
 which was referred to the Committee on Finance: 
 
290 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 ^'Bion-sev- Resolved, That the Secretary of the Board of Lady Managers 
 
 "* be, and is hereby declared an officer of the World's Columbian 
 Commission, 
 
 Mr. Ryan, of North Dakota, offered the following resolu- 
 tion: 
 
 Resolved^ That the Committee on Finance be instructed to 
 insert in the report of the Committee, $2,500, instead of $1,500, 
 as the salary of the Secretary of the Board of Lady Managers. 
 
 The resolution was referred to the Committee on Finance. 
 
 Mr. Mercer, of Wyoming, offered the following resolution, 
 which was adopted: 
 
 Special Rcso/vcd, That a special Committee of four be appointed to 
 
 fee^on^Fi- ascertain and report to this Commission the status of the ten- 
 
 fhrchu-a- million-dollar fund required to be secured by the World's Co- 
 go Direct- 
 ory, lumbian Exposition before this body makes its report to the 
 
 President of the United States. 
 
 Mr. Bullene, of Missouri, offered the following resolution, 
 which was referred to the Committee on. Finance. 
 
 Resolved, That the salary of the Secretary of the Board of 
 Lady Managers be fixed at $3,000 per annum. 
 
 Mr. Garvin, of Indiana, offered the following resolution, 
 which was adopted: 
 
 Resolved, That the references to the Committee on Finance 
 of so much of the resolution of Mr. Woodside, of Pennsylvania, 
 relative to sundry small bills of committees be reconsidered, and 
 that the subject matter mentioned be referred to the Auditing 
 Committee. 
 
 Mr. White offered the following resolution, which was 
 referred to the Judiciary Committee: 
 
 Resolved, That the Secretary of this Commission be and 
 hereby is instructed to make his report of expenditures to the 
 Auditing Committee instead of the Commission. 
 
 Mr. Ryan offered the following resolution, which was 
 
 adopted: 
 
 Resolved, That the Chairman of the several Standing Com- 
 mittees be requested to carefully examine the classification relat- 
 ing to their respective branches and report at the earliest time 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 291 
 
 practicable, any revisions or additions wliich they may deem ™|;'i^^g«j^,. 
 necessary to tlie Committee on Classification. ^""^^^ ^*y- 
 
 The hour of 12.30 having arrived, Mr. Waller moved to con- 
 tmue the session to i o'clock. A division was called for and the 
 motion was adopted, t,6 yeas, 14 nays. 
 
 Mr. McDonald, Commissioner-at-Large, offered the follow- 
 ing resolution, which was adopted: 
 
 Resolved, That this session of the Commission do not 
 adjourn sine die until the report of the Committee on Grounds 
 and Buildings is fully discussed and disposed of by the Commission. 
 
 The following invitation was received from the Auditorium 
 
 Association: 
 
 Chicago, November 25, 1890. 
 7^0 the Worlas Columbian Commissiofi: 
 
 Gentlemen: The Chicago Auditorium Association invites 
 the members of your body to witness the spectacular production 
 to be given at the Auditorium t/iis evening. Tickets for twenty- 
 five boxes have been placed in the hands of your Secretary. 
 
 Respectfully, 
 
 Ferd. W. Peck, 
 President Chicago Auditorium Association. 
 
 The invitation was accepted, and a vote of thanks given to 
 the Auditorium Association. 
 
 The Commission then adjourned to meet at 2 o'clock p. m. 
 
 The Commission reassembled at 2 o'clock p. m. 
 
 The President announced the appointment of the following 
 Commissioners as members of the Committee provided for in the 
 resolution of Mr. Mercer, adopted at the morning session: 
 
 Messrs. Mercer, alternate from Wyoming; Hopkins, of special Ft 
 
 * IIBDCC 
 
 Washington; Turnbull, of Florida, and Roche, alternate from feT™^*' 
 South Carolina. 
 
 Mr. White offered the following resolution : 
 Resolved, That the President of the World's Columbian 
 Commission be and hereby is respectfully directed and instructed 
 to appoint the six members of the Board of Reference and Con- 
 trol, which, with the President and Vice-Chairman, are to consti- 
 tute the Board of Reference and Control, and to announce to 
 
292 Worlds Columbian Commission. 
 
 Thtrd^ee- his Commission such appointments before this Commission 
 enthDay. adjourns. 
 
 Mr. King, of Iowa, moved to amend by striking out the last 
 four words, " at his early convenience." 
 
 On motion of Mr. Holliday, of Kansas, the resolution and 
 amendment were tabled. 
 
 Mr. Jones, Chairman of the Committee on Finance, submit- 
 ted a report, and after protracted debate, on motion of Mr. Holli- 
 day, the report was recommitted to the Committee on Finance, 
 with instructions to report a definite sum as salary for the Secre- 
 tary of the Board of Lady Managers. 
 
 Mr. Wilkins, of Oregon, in behalf of the Committee on Agri- 
 culture, submitted the following report: 
 
 Chicago, November 25, 1890. 
 
 To the Hon. T. W. Palmer, President Columbian Commission, 
 , in session: 
 
 The Committee on Agriculture, in special meeting, begs 
 leave to submit the following report: 
 
 That with due respect for the Committee on Grounds and 
 Buildings, it enters a protest against the allotment of space for 
 the exhibition of the agricultural products of the world. 
 
 The agricultural industry being the basis of the requirements 
 of life, and of that nourishment and satisfaction which gives im- 
 pulse to all progress and activity to all the engagements of indus- 
 try, is accorded but eleven acres and a half of the large domain 
 set aside for the purposes of the Exposition. 
 
 To this, as above, your Committee respectfully protests, not 
 
 only recommending, but urging that not less than twenty-five 
 
 acres of floor space, with commensurate open ground adjoining, 
 
 be set aside for the purposes of the agricultural exhibit, and upon 
 
 this recommendation your Committee is a unit, and very much 
 
 in earnest. 
 
 Very respectfully, 
 
 M. Wilkins, Chairvian. 
 
 Attest: Joseph Eiboeck, Secretary. 
 
 The report was accepted and ordere^. to be referred to the 
 Committee to which the plans and specifications of buildings are 
 ultimately committed. 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 293 
 
 Mr. Lindsay, Chairman of the Judiciary Committee, submit- Thirdsee- 
 ted the following report : '°'^ ^*^- 
 
 The Committee on Judiciary, Rules, and By-Laws, pursuant Report ()f 
 to the mandate of the Commission directing it to consider and [i'eVimend- 
 report such modifications in the By-Laws as will make such By- l^w?.* 
 Laws conform to the provisions and stipulations of the Report 
 of the Conference Committee this day adopted, beg leave to 
 submit the following amendments, viz.: 
 
 1. Amend Article Fifth, by inserting in the twelfth line 
 thereof, between the words "compensation " and "they," the fol- 
 lowing : " Provided, however, that this selection shall only apply 
 to such employes and agents as the Director-General is not ex- 
 pressly authorized to select and appoint. ^ 
 
 2. Amend Article Sixth, by inserting in the sixth line thereof, 
 between the words "Commission" and "shall," the following, 
 viz.: "Or of six members of the Board of Reference and 
 Control." 
 
 3. Amend Article Eighth by inserting in the fourth line 
 thereof, between the words " Committee " and "and," the fol- 
 lowing, viz.: "And of those of the Board of Reference and 
 Control." 
 
 Amend Article Ninth of the By-Laws by adding thereto the 
 words : " The Director-General shall have the power to appoint 
 chiefs of the several great departments, subject to the confirma- 
 tion of the National Commission and the Board of Directors of 
 the World's Columbian Exposition, and not by any Committee of 
 either body. 
 
 He shall fix the salaries of such chiefs, subject to the ap- 
 proval of the Board of Directors of the World's Columbian Expo- 
 sition. 
 
 He shall have power to appoint all subordinates necessary to 
 the proper administration of the several departments, and to fix 
 their compensation. 
 
 He may make removals for cause, of any and all officers and 
 employes appointed by him. 
 
 He may, in his discretion and with the consent of the Execu- 
 tive Committee, or Board of Reference and Control of the Na- 
 tional Commission, and the Executive Committee of the Local 
 Directory, place two or more of the great departments under the 
 control of one chief, and so continue them until necessity shall 
 
 require independent chiefs. 
 20 
 
294 World's Columbiav Commission. 
 
 Thira ses- He shall have power by himself, or through such other officer 
 
 slon— Sev . 
 
 enthDay qj- agent as he may select, to inspect the grounds and buildings 
 during the process of their preparation and construction ; and 
 it shall be his duty, from time to time, to give information 
 in relation to the progress of the work, and the manner of its per- 
 formance to the Executive Committee, or the Board of Reference 
 and Control of this Commission. 
 
 The Director-General shall have power, and it shall be his 
 duty, to commission all such representatives of the Exposition 
 as shall be officially authorized to piomote the interests thereof. 
 
 The expenses of the Director-General's immediate office, and 
 his clerk-hire, shall be paid out of the Government funds appro- 
 priated by the i8th Section of the Act of Congress for paying 
 the expenses of this Commission and other contingent expenses, 
 and he may select such assistants and clerks as may be necessary 
 to enable him to properly discharge the duties of his office, and 
 fix their salaries, subject to the approval of the Executive Com- 
 mittee, or the Board of Reference and Control, of this Commis- 
 sion. 
 
 Amend Article Tenth so that the same shall read as follows: 
 Article Tenth. 
 
 Departments and Standing Committees. 
 
 The operations of the Exposition shall be conducted and 
 carried on through the medium of the following great depart- 
 ments, to- wit: 
 
 A — Agriculture, food and food products, farming machinery, 
 and appliances. 
 
 B — Viticulture, horticulture, and floriculture. 
 
 C — Live-stock — Domestic and wild animals. 
 
 D — Fish, fisheries, fish products, and apparatus of fishing. 
 
 E — Mines, mining, and metallurgy. 
 
 F — Machinery. 
 
 G — Transportation exhibits — Railways, vessels, vehicles 
 
 H — Manufactures. 
 
 J — Electricity and electrical appliances. 
 
 K — Fine arts — Pictorial, plastic, and decorative. 
 
 L — Liberal arts — Education, engineering, public works, 
 architecture, music, and the drama. 
 
 M — Ethnology, archaeology, progress of labor and inven- 
 tion; isolated and collective exhibits. 
 
 N — Forestry and forest products. 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 295 
 
 O — Publicity and promotion. Third seg- 
 
 P — Foreign affairs. entnDay. 
 
 And there shall also be the following Standing Committees, 
 to wit: 
 
 The Committee on Judiciary, Rules, and By-Laws, 
 
 consisting of eight (8) Commissioners, 
 
 Whose duty shall be to formulate Rules and By-Laws for 
 submission to the Commission, and to report on all such matters as 
 may be referred to it by the Commission, its Executive Committee, 
 or its Board of Reference and Control. 
 
 Committee on Tariffs and Transportation, 
 
 consisting of sixteen (i6) Commissioners, 
 Which shall have consideration of all such matters relating 
 to tariffs, bondage and releasing of goods, and the transporta- 
 tion of goods, as may be referred to it by the National Commis- 
 sion, its Executive Committee, or its Board of Reference and 
 Control, in conjunction with such officers of the Treasury 
 Department as may be appointed. 
 
 Committee on Foreign Affairs, 
 
 consisting of eight (8) Commissioners, 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to the 
 foreign exhibits of the Exposition that may be referred to it by 
 the National Commission, its Executive Committee, or its Board 
 of Reference and Control. 
 
 Committee on Legislation, 
 
 consisting of the Commissioners and alter- 
 nates from each State, Territory, and the Dis- 
 trict of Columbia, and also the Commissioners- 
 at-Large and their alternates, 
 
 Which shall have consideration of all matters pertaining to 
 the National, State, Territorial, or Municipal legislation affecting 
 this Exposition. 
 
 Committee on Fine Arts, 
 
 consisting of eight (8) Commissioners, 
 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to fine 
 arts which may be referred to it by the Commission, its Execu- 
 tive Committee, or its Board of Reference and Control. 
 
296 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third See- COMMITTEE ON SCIENCE, HiSTORY, LITERATURE, AND 
 
 slon— 
 
 Seventh EDUCATION, 
 
 Day. 
 
 consisting of eight (8) Commissioners, 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertainmg to these 
 subjects that may be referred to it by the Commission, its Execu- 
 tive Committee, or its Board of Reference and Control. 
 Committee on Agriculture, 
 
 consisting of sixteen (i6) Commissioners, 
 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to agri- 
 culture which may be referred to it by the Commission, its 
 Executive Committee, or its Board of Reference and Control. 
 
 Committee on Live Stock, 
 
 consisting of sixteen (i6) Commissioners, 
 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to live- 
 stock, including domestic animals, poultry, and birds of all 
 varieties, as shall be referred to it by the Commission, its Execu- 
 tive Committee, or its Board of Reference and Control. 
 
 Committee on Horticulture and Floriculture, 
 consisting of sixteen (i6) Commissioners, 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to these 
 subjects that may be referred to it by the Commission, its Execu- 
 tive Committee, or its Board of Reference and Control. 
 
 Committee on Finance, 
 
 consisting of eight (8) Commissioners, 
 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to the ex- 
 penditures of this Commission under the Act of Congress, or 
 such other matters of finance as may be referred to it by the 
 Commission, its Executive Committee, or its Board of Reference 
 and Control. 
 
 Committee on Auditing, 
 
 consisting of four (4) Commissioners, 
 
 Which shall have charge of examining and auditing all paid 
 bills and accounts of the Commission; and this Committee may 
 hold sessions at the call of its Chairman not oftener than once 
 in two months. 
 
 Committee on Ceremonies, 
 
 consisting of eight (8) Commissioners, 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to the 
 inauguration of the World's Columbian Exposition, and all cere- 
 monies connected from time to time therewith. 
 
Minutes of tlie Tliird Session. 297 
 
 Committee on Classification, ^2ioS-^^ 
 
 ^ . / ,\ ^ • . Seventh 
 
 consisting of sixteen (lo) Commissioners, Day- 
 
 Which shall have charge of all subjects pertaining to the 
 classification of exhibits, and the limitation of space therefor, as 
 may be referred to it by the Commission, its Executive Com- 
 mittee, or its Board of Reference and Control. 
 
 Committee on Manufactures, 
 
 consisting of sixteen (i6) Commissioners, 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to this 
 subject, that may be referred to it by the Commission, its Exec- 
 utive Committee, or its Board of Reference and Control. 
 
 Committee on Commerce, 
 
 consisting of sixteen (i6) Commissioners, 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to com- 
 merce that may be referred to it by the Commission, its Executive 
 Committee, or its Board of Reference and Control. 
 
 Committee on Mines and Mining, 
 
 consisting of sixteen (i6) Commissioners, 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to 
 metallurgy, mines, and mining processes, as may be referred to it 
 by the Commission, its Executive Committee, or its Board of 
 Reference and Control. 
 
 Committee on Fish, Fisheries, and Fish Culture, 
 consisting of eight (8) Commissioners, 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to these 
 subjects as may be referred to it by the Commission, its Exec- 
 utive Committee or its Board of Reference and Control. 
 
 Committee on Electricity, Electrical and Pneu- 
 MATiCAL Appliances, 
 
 consisting of eight (8) Commissioners, 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to these 
 subjects that may be referred to it by the Commission, its Exec- 
 utive Committee, or its Board of Reference and Control. 
 
 Committee on Machinery, 
 
 consisting of eight (8) Commissioners, 
 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to 
 machinery that may be referred to it by the Commission, its 
 Executive Committee, or its Board of Reference and Control. 
 
298 World^s Columbia?}. Commission. 
 
 Third Ses- COMMITTEE ON FORESTRY AND LUMBER, 
 
 Blon— Sev- 
 enth Day. consisting of eight (8) Commissioners, 
 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to these 
 subjects as may be referred to it by the Commission, its Exec- 
 utive Committee, or its Board of Reference and Control. 
 
 Committee on Printing, 
 
 consisting of six (6) Commissioners, 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to this 
 subject, as may be referred to it by the Commission, its Executive 
 Committee, or its Board of Reference and Control. 
 
 Committee on Press, 
 
 consisting of six (6) Commissioners, 
 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to this 
 subject, as may be referred to it by the Commission, its Executive 
 Committee, or its Board of Reference and Control. 
 
 Committee on World's Congresses, 
 
 consisting of eight (8) Commissioners, 
 
 Which shall act in connection with the Local Directory in 
 reference to any World's Congress that may desire to assemble 
 here during the Exposition. 
 
 Committee on Grounds and Buildings, 
 
 consisting of six (6) Commissioners, 
 
 Which shall have charge and supervision of the grounds and 
 buildings in so far as the Commission may exercise authority over 
 the same, and shall also examine and report to the Commission 
 as to the provision made by the World's Columbian Exposition 
 for such buildings; as it shall be thereto required, by the order 
 of the Commission, its Executive Committee, or its Board of 
 Reference and Control. 
 
 Each of the said several standing committees, hereinbefore 
 enumerated, shall have power and authority to investigate from 
 time to time the workings of the several great departments, 
 respectively, having charge of the particular subject, or subjects, 
 with reference to which each such committee was created; and 
 from time to time to make reports and recommendations respect- 
 ing the same, either to the Board of Reference and Control, the 
 Executive Committee, or to the Commission. 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 299 
 
 Amend Article Thirteenth by inserting between the words Third S|8^^ 
 "Commission" and "and," in the fourth line thereof, the follow- enthDay. 
 
 ing words, viz.: 
 
 " Or six of the members of the Board of Reference and Con- 
 trol." 
 
 Amend Article Fourteenth by inserting, between the words 
 ''Committee" and "and," in line fifth thereof, the following 
 
 words, viz.: 
 
 "Or to the Board of Reference and Control." 
 
 Amend further, by adding the following additional article to 
 
 be Article "Seventeenth," to wit: 
 
 Article Seventeenth. 
 
 There shall be a Board, to be designated " Board of Refer- 
 ence and Control," to consist ot the President of the Commission, 
 the Vice-Chairman of the Executive Committee, and six members 
 of the Commission, to be appointed by the President, upon which 
 Board are conferred all the powers and duties of the Commission, 
 when the said Commission and its Executive Committee shall 
 not be in session, except in cases in which the Act of Congress 
 requires the action of the Commission, or of a majority ot the 
 Commissioners; said Board of Conference and Control, with a 
 Uke Committee of the Directory of the World's Columbian 
 Exposition, to be appointed by the President thereof, shall con- 
 stitute a Committee of Conference to which shall be referred all 
 matters of difference, and the joint action of the two Boards, 
 constituting the Joint Committee on such matters of difference, 
 shall be conclusive. The said Board of Conference and Control 
 shall keep accurate records of all its proceedings, and make full 
 reports of the same to the Commission at each session thereof, 
 within the first two days of the session. 
 
 Amend further by adding an additional article, to-wit: 
 
 Article Eighteenth. 
 
 No Commissioner shall demand or receive for any service commis- 
 rendered as chief of, or subordinate employe in, any of the H^^f^^^ 
 great departments, any sum of money, except such as he may Pr\"n%'o°r* 
 be entitled to demand and receive under the provisions made by subsist-^^ 
 the Act of Congress for the transportation and subsistence of 
 the members of this Commission. 
 
 Amend further by adding the following additional article, 
 viz.: 
 
 ence. 
 
300 World's Qolumhian Commission. 
 
 Article Nineteenth. 
 
 '5ion-sev- There shall be an official seal of the Commission, circular 
 
 enthDay. -^^ form, with the following devices thereon, viz., around the 
 margin thereof the words: 
 
 '' World's Columbian Commission, created by Act of Con- 
 gress of the United States of America, organized 1890." 
 In the center a vignette composed as follows: 
 In the top of the circle the eagle, copied from our National 
 coat of arms, perched upon the figure of a globe, and below 
 it a section of the well-known picture of the landing of 
 Columbus, showing the prow of the boat. 
 
 Amend further by making present Article Seventeenth to 
 be Article Twentieth. 
 
 The report was read and debated section by section. 
 Mr. Ritchie, of Ohio, during the consideration of Section 10, 
 offered the following amendment: 
 
 Whereas, The By-Laws delegate to the several committees 
 that said committees shall have charge of all matters pertaining 
 to the subject, or duties which shall come before such commit- 
 tees, or that shall be referred to them by the Commission; now, 
 be it 
 
 Resolved^ That said committees shall have entire supervision 
 and direction over all such matters as are so delegated to them, 
 and over their respective bureaus. 
 
 After the amendment had been read, Mr. Ritchie stated 
 that his purpose in offering it had been accomplished, and asked 
 leave to withdraw it, which was granted. 
 
 A division being at length reached on the report of the 
 Judiciary Committee up to and including Section 17 of the 
 By-Laws, it was adopted; ayes, 60; noes, o. 
 
 The proposed amendment to Section 18 was then taken up, 
 
 and Mr. Jones, of Missouri, offered the following substitute, 
 
 which was accepted by Mr. Lindsay on behalf of the Committee 
 
 as an amendment: 
 
 Nocommis- And no member of this Commission shall accept any office 
 
 Bloncr to , , , T.i • • 1-1 1 
 
 hold an created bv the local Ilhnois corporation to which a salarv is 
 ofUcc to -^ 
 
 ttVSi" attached, nor shall he accept any office to be hereafter created 
 
 salary 
 attached. 
 
 by this Commission to which a salary is attached. 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 301 
 
 After protracted debate, Mr. Massey called for the ayes and "rji'^Jil^;. 
 noes on the proposed amendment to Section i8 of the By-Laws, ^^ ^^' 
 and the call was sustained. 
 
 The roll was called and the amendment was adopted by the 
 following vote: 
 
 Ayes — Lindsay, Furnas, de Young, Goodell, Skiff, Waller, Ayes and 
 
 * HOGS on 
 
 Massey, Porter, Hirst, McLaws, Deere, Ewing, Garvin, Martin- posed'^"' 
 
 amend- 
 
 dale, Eiboeck, King, HoUiday, Bennett, Penn, Edwards, Lane, "^^nt. 
 Richmond, Bynum, Saunders, BuUehe, Jones, Mitchell, May, 
 Scott, Russell, Smith, Rucker, Piatt, Ritchie, Klippel, McClel- 
 land, Roche, Cochran, Bullard, Strong, Williams, Walker, Groner, 
 Harris, Drum, Hopkins, Butt, St. Clair, Allen, Mitchell, Hay, 
 Tetard, White, Beeson, Miles, Kiesel, Lannan — 57. 
 
 Noes — McDonald, Werth, Ryan" — 3. 
 
 Absent or not Voting — Bullock, Palmer, Allen, Widener, 
 Exall, Britton, Wilson, Hundley, Adams, Gregg, Forsyth, Brain- 
 ard, Turnbull, Way, Manning, Stearns, Price, McKenzie, Wood- 
 ward, Bixby, Hodges, Lowndes, Breed, Proctor, Harrison, 
 Tousley, Hershfield, Haines, Aiken, McDuffie, Sewell, Depew, 
 Thacher, Andrews, Keogh, Wilkins, Woodside, Goff, Sims, Day, 
 Cochran, Dickinson, Smalley, Beckwith, Coats, Zeckendorf — 46. 
 
 So the report of the Committee was adopted. 
 
 Mr. Jones moved to reconsider the vote just taken and to 
 lay that motion on the table, and the motion was carried. 
 
 The Commission then adjourned to meet Wednesday morn- 
 ing at 10 o'clock. 
 
 Third Session— Eighth Day, Wednesday, November 
 
 26, 1890. 
 
 The Commission met in the Council Chamber, City Hall, at™nise8. 
 10 o'clock A. M., President Palmer in the chair. Day. 
 
 The roll was called, and the following Commissioners and i^'0"-caii. 
 alternates were present: 
 
 Commissioners-at-Large. — California, M. L. McDonald; 
 Kentucky, W. Lindsay; Michigan, T. W. Palmer; Nebraska, R. 
 W. Furnas, alternate. 
 
302 World\s Columbian Commission. 
 
 Ti.irdsos- Commissioners of the States. — Alabama, G. L. Werth, 
 
 lif ^*' alternate; California, M. H. de Young, W. Forsyth; Colorado, 
 R. E. Goodell, F. J. V. Skiff; Connecticut, L. Brainard, T. M. 
 Waller; Delaware, G. V. Massey, W. H. Porter; Florida, J. 
 Hirst; Georgia, C H. Way, L. McLaws; Idaho, G. A. Manning, 
 J. E. Stearns; Illinois, C. H. Deere, A. T. Ewing; Indiana, T. E. 
 Garvin, E. B. Martindale; Iowa, W. F. King, J. Eiboeck, alternate; 
 Kansas, C. K. Holliday, Jr. ; Kentucky, J. Bennett, J. A. McKenzie; 
 Louisiana, D. B. Penn; Maine, C. S. Edwards, alternate; Michi- 
 gan, M. H. Lane, C. H. Richmond; Mississippi, J. M. Bynum, 
 R. L. Saunders; Missouri, T. B. Bullene, C. H. Jones; Montana, 
 
 A. H. Mitchell; Nebraska, A. G. Scott, W. L. May, alternate; 
 Nevada, G. Russell; New Jersey, T. Smith; North Carolina, T. 
 
 B. Keogh; North Dakota, H. P. Rucker, M. Ryan; Ohio, H. P. 
 Piatt, W. Ritchie; Oregon, H. Klippel, M. Wilkins; Pennsylva- 
 nia, W. McClelland; South Carolina, A. R. Cochrane, E. L. Roche, 
 alternate; South Dakota, S. A. Ramsey, L. S. BuUard, alternates; 
 Tennessee, T. L. Williams, R. Strong, alternate; Texas, J. T. 
 Dickinson; Vermont, A. F. Walker, alternate; Virginia, V. D. 
 Groner, J. T. Harris; Washington, H. Drum, C. B. Hopkins; 
 West Virginia, J. D. Butt, J. W. St. Clair; Wisconsin, P. Allen, 
 Jr., J. L. Mitchell; Wyoming, H. G. Hay, A. S. Mercer, alternate. 
 
 Commissioners of the Territories. — Arizona, G. F. Coats; 
 New Mexico, R. M. White, L. C. Tetard, alternate; Oklahoma, 
 O. Beeson, J. D. Miles; Utah, F. J. Kiesel, P. H. Lannan. 
 
 The report of the Committee on Judiciary, Rules, and By- 
 Laws, which was under consideration at the adjournment on 
 Tuesday, was taken up for further consideration. 
 
 Mr. Forsyth, by unanimous consent, withdrew his resolution 
 with regard to future stated meetings of the Commission. 
 
 The Committee's proposed amendment to the By-Laws 
 creating a new Article, to be Article Nineteenth of the By-Laws 
 regarding the seal of the Commission, was amended to read as 
 follows and adopted: 
 
 There shall be an official seal of the Commission, circular in 
 form, with the following devices thereon, viz.: Around the mar- 
 
Minutes of the Tliird Sessio7i. 303 
 
 ein thereof the words, ''World's Columbian Commission, created Third ses- 
 by Act of Congress of the United States of America. Organized 5^^.^'^ 
 1890." In the center a vignette composed as follows: In the 
 top of the circle the eagle copied from our national coat of arms, 
 perched upon the figure of a globe, and below it a section of the 
 well-known picture of the landing of Columbus, showing the 
 prow of the boat. The Secretary shall be the custodian of the 
 seal, and shall affix the same to all official documents. 
 
 Amend further by making present Article Seventeenth to be 
 Article Twentieth. 
 
 The report of the Committee as a whole was then adopted, ^'f^gju^'d. 
 
 Mr. Jones, of Missouri, Chairman of the Committee on m^ttee*"^' 
 
 amending 
 
 Finance, returned the report of that Committee as amended aiopted^- 
 Tuesday, and recommitted with instructions to fix a definite 
 amount as the salary of the Secretary of the Board of Lady 
 Managers, and also the supplementary report carrying out such 
 instructions, as follows: 
 
 To the Hon. T. W. Palmer, President of the World's Columbian Report of 
 
 ' the Fi- 
 
 Commission: -^^J^.^^_ 
 
 The Committee on Finance respectfully report that they of*^uuiy*^ 
 
 . . Managers 
 
 have carefullv exammed the report of the Executive Committee and salary 
 
 *^ of their 
 
 in regard to the Board of Lady Managers, and also the several secretary 
 resolutions referred to them by vote of the Commission, and that 
 they find a large part of the substance matter of said report to be 
 outside of their jurisdiction, and they therefore report back those 
 portions of said report without recommendation. 
 
 In respect of the expenditures of money for salaries and the 
 expenses of the Secretary's office, as recommended by the Exec- 
 utive Committee, the Committee respectfully report that the 
 compensation of the Lady Managers has already been fixed by 
 this body in Article Eleventh of the By-Laws, which will be 
 found on pages 97 and 98 of the Official Manual, as follows: 
 
 " Each member of the Board shall be entitled to receive six 
 dollars per day for each- day necessarily absent from home 
 engaged in the work of the Commission, and also the expenses 
 of transportation actually incurred by her on that account." 
 
 Under that By-Law, the Secretary of the Board of Lady 
 Managers, being a member of the said Board of Lady Managers, 
 would be entitled, should her duties require her constant pres- 
 ence in Chicago, to compensation at the rate of 82,190 per 
 
304 World^s Columbian Commission. 
 
 "^sion-^^" annum, and to a smaller sum in proportion to the length of time 
 Da^*!'^ of enforced absence from home in the performance of her duties 
 . as Secretary. 
 
 Your Committee recommends that as the compensation thus 
 fixed can not be changed without an amendment to the By-Laws, 
 it l)e left unchanged, and that in addition thereto a room be set 
 apart at the office headquarters of the Commission in Chicago, 
 for the use of said Secretary and other officers of the Board of 
 Lady Managers, and that there be allowed for the incidental 
 expenses of said office — stationery, postage, books, etc. — a sum 
 not to exceed $500 per annum. 
 
 Your Committee would further direct attention to the fact 
 that under the Act of Congress this Commission *'is authorized and 
 required to appoint a Board of Lady Managers of such number 
 and to perform such duties as may be prescribed by said Com- 
 mission; " and to the further fact that the report of the Execu- 
 tive Committee referred to them and now under consideration, 
 shows that the duties to be performed by the Board of Lady 
 Managers have not as yet been prescribed or defined. When, at 
 a later stage of the work in connection with the World's Colum- 
 bian Exposition, it shall be found that the duties of the Secretary 
 are of so onerous and responsible a character as to require com- 
 pensation greater than that already fixed in the By-Laws (Article 
 Eleven), it will be in the power of this Commission to o^der such 
 an amendment of said By-Law as your Committee is not pre- 
 pared to recommend at this time. 
 
 Charles H. Jones, C/iai'rma/i. 
 
 Supplementary Report. 
 
 To the Hon T. W. Palmer, President World's Columbian Com- 
 mission : 
 
 The Committee on Finance respectfully report, in lieu of 
 that portion of the previous report of the committee referring to 
 the salary of the Board of Lady Managers, and under the instruc- 
 tions of the Commission, as follows: 
 
 Whereas, The members and officers of the Board of Lady 
 Managers are made officers of this Commission by Article Eleven 
 of the By-Laws, and consequently this Commission has the pow- 
 er to fix the compensation of said officers, therefore, 
 
 Resolved^ That the salary of the Secretary of the Board of 
 Lady Managers be fixed, for the present, at fifteen hundred dol- 
 lars ($1,500) per annum, said salary to be in lieu of the per diem 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 305 
 
 and transportation expenses allowed to members of the Board o^ ''|LVn^^^'- 
 Lady Managers by Article Eleven of the By-Laws of the Com- „aV'' 
 
 Mr. Smith, of New Jersey, moved to strike out the words 
 '' transportation expenses." 
 
 Mr. Bullene, of Missouri, moved to amend by substitutmg 
 the words *' six dollars per diem and expenses of traveling while 
 necessarily absent from home," etc. 
 
 Mr. Martindale, of Indiana, moved to amend the amendment An.ended 
 
 ,, /-pii 1 adopted. 
 
 by making the report read " $2,000 per annum. The amend- 
 ment was adopted, and the reports of the Committee, as amended, 
 and as a whole, were adopted. 
 
 Mr. Furnas, of Nebraska, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved, That the Report of the Committee of Conference 
 with the Board of Lady Managers, be and the same is hereby 
 approved and adopted, as amended, and that the Secretary be 
 instructed to advise the Board of Lady Managers at once of the 
 action of this Commission. 
 
 The resolution was adopted. 
 
 Mr Martindale, Chairman of the Committee on Grounds and '^'^}'l,ll^ 
 
 . , f')!- build- 
 
 Buildings, called up the report of that Committee on the plans ings. 
 and specifications for buildings submitted by the World's Colum- 
 bian Exposition. A long discussion then ensued. 
 
 Mr. Lindsay, of Kentucky, offered the following proviso as 
 an amendment to the resolution proposed by the Committee on 
 Grounds and Buildings: 
 
 Provided, The said plans and specifications are accepted R^p;;^^^^^^ 
 upon the further conditions, that the detailed plans and specifica- 
 tions to be hereafter proposed, including those relating to space 
 and to the material to be used in the construction of the several 
 buildings, shall be subject to the approval of the Executive Com- 
 mittee or Board of Reference and Control of this Commission, 
 and subject to the right of said Committee or Board to be in- 
 formed as to the estimated aggregate cost of said buildings, and 
 of each building, and of the right of this Commission to have 
 reported to it the actual cost of said building and each of them 
 when completed. 
 
 Mr. Martindale accepted the amendment on behalf of the 
 
 Committee. 
 
306 
 
 Woi'IrVs Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third i^fs- 
 eiou — 
 £lphrli 
 Dav. 
 
 Buildings to 
 be fire- 
 proof so 
 far as 
 possible. 
 
 Report 
 adopted. 
 
 A number of amendments and provisos were offered, and 
 successively ordered to be laid upon the table. 
 
 Mr. de Young, of California, moved that the resolution of 
 the Committee on Grounds and Buildings be so amended as to 
 read as follows: 
 
 Resolved^ That said plans and specifications are hereby 
 accepted by the World's Columbian Commission, provided that 
 all the main buildings be constructed of fire-proof material, 
 such as iron, glass, brick, stone, and terra cotta. 
 
 On motion of Mr. St. Clair, of West Virginia, the amend- 
 ment was laid upon the table. 
 
 Mr. Mercer, of W^yoming, offered the following resolution: 
 
 Resolved^ That the report of the Committee on Grounds and 
 Buildings be so amended as to show the size of the two buildings 
 to be erected on the Lake Front and the character of material 
 used in their construction. 
 
 On motion of Mr. Bullene, of Missouri, the resolution was 
 laid upon the table. 
 
 Mr. de Young moved that the following amendment be 
 added at the end of the proviso submitted by Mr. Lindsay and 
 accepted by the Committee: ** And that the main buildings, so far 
 as possible, shall be fire-proof." The amendment was accepted 
 by the Committee. 
 
 Mr. White, of New Mexico, moved to amend by striking out 
 the words " Executive Committee or," in the blank line. The 
 amendment was accepted by the Committee. 
 
 The report of the Committee as thus amended was then 
 unanimously adopted. 
 
 On motion of Mr. St. Clair, it was voted to suspend the 
 rules and continue the session of the Commission until all busi- 
 ness was disposed of. 
 
 Mr. Garvin, of Indiana, offered the following resolution, 
 which was adopted: 
 
 Resolved, That the appropriation of five hundred dollars, 
 authorized by the adoption of the report of the Committee on 
 Finance to be expended in the maintenance of the Secretary of 
 the Board of Lady Managers, be construed and held to mean 
 
Minutes of the Third Session. 307 
 
 that stationery, printed matter, supplies, postage, and office con- Thtnij^et- 
 veniences be furnished by the Secretary of this Commission, lo glf/"^ 
 the amount of $500, to the Secretary of the Board of Lady Man- 
 agers. 
 
 Mr. Garvin, Chairman of the Auditing Committee, submitted i^'ePudltin 
 the following report, which was adopted: tee""" ^' 
 
 adopted. 
 
 To the World's Columbian Commission: 
 
 The Committee on Auditing, to whom was referred certain 
 claims against the Commission incurred and paid by Hon. John 
 W. Woodside, for and on behalf of the Committee on Mines and 
 Mining, beg leave to report that said claims are for printing cir- 
 culars on the order of said Committee on Mines $5 25 
 
 And for postage on said circulars 4 00 
 
 Amounting to — $9 -5 
 
 That said sum was paid by Hon. John W. Woodside; that the 
 expenditures were necessary and ought to be refunded, and this 
 Committee therefore recommend their payment by the Commis- 
 sion. The claims are herewith returned. 
 
 Thos. E. Garvin, 
 Chairinan Connnittee on Auditing. 
 Attest : Phil. Allen, Jr., 
 
 Secretary. 
 
 The President submitted the following communication from 
 the Secretary of the Board of Lady Managers, which was read 
 and ordered printed in the minutes: 
 
 Board of Lady Managers, 
 World's Columbian Commission, 
 
 Chicago, III., November 24, 1890. 
 
 Hon. Thos. W. Palmer, President World^s Columbian Commis- 
 sion, Chicago, 111.: 
 
 Dear Sir: I am directed by the Board of Lady Managers, 
 World's Columbian Commission, to extend to you hearty thanks 
 for the drive to Washington and Jackson parks on Saturday. 
 
 Very truly yours, 
 
 Phoebe W. Couzins, Secretary. 
 
 Mr. Massey, of Delaware, offered the following resolution, 
 which was unanimously adopted: 
 
308 World^s Columbian Commission. 
 
 Third ses- Resolved. That the Secretary of the Commission be, and he 
 
 EUthth is hereby authorized, directed, and empowered to pay to James 
 McHale, Sergeant-at-Arms of the City Council, and having 
 charge of the chamber in which the sessions of the Commission 
 have been held, both in September and in the present month, 
 the su[n of $150 for his courteous, attentive, and efficient services 
 to the Commission at both said sessions; and also that he pay 
 to Robert Dugan and John Brady, janitors, each, the sum of 
 $35 for services rendered by each of them at the present session 
 of the Commission. 
 
 Mr. Miles, of Oklahoma, offered the following resolution, 
 which was referred to the Committee on Ceremonies: 
 
 Resolved, That in addition to the propositions already pre- 
 sented for the proper dedication of the Columbian Exposition, 
 in October, 1892, the proposed "Columbian Indian Band," con- 
 sisting of sixty instruments, be given a place, to be under 
 the control of Capt. R. H. Pratt, Superintendent Indian School, 
 Carlisle, Pa. 
 
 Mr. Strong, of Tennessee, offered the following resolution : 
 
 Resolved, That this Commission proceed to ballot for six 
 members of the Commission to be recommended to the President 
 for appointment as the Board of Reference and Control provided 
 for in the report of the Special Committee of Conference. 
 
 Mr. Harris, of Virginia, raised the point of order that the 
 resolution was in conflict with the By-Laws. 
 
 Before the point of order was decided, Mr. McClelland, of 
 Pennsylvania, moved that the resolution be indefinitely post- 
 poned, and the motion was carried. 
 
 Mr. White, of New Mexico, offered the following resolution: 
 Legislation Resolved, That the members of the Committee on Legislation 
 
 In the , . . , 
 
 Htatee and be, and hereby are empowered and requested to sit during the 
 Ties. sessions of their respective legislatures in their respective States 
 and Territories, for a sufficient time to promote and obtain from 
 said legislatures favorable legislation and appropriations for the 
 furthering of the purpose and object of the World's Fair; Pro- 
 vided, that no expenditure for such attendance exceed $100. 
 
 Mr. Lindsay, from the Judiciary Committee, offered the fol- 
 lowing substitute, which was accepted by Mr. White and adopted: 
 
 Resolved, That the Committee on Judiciary, or any three 
 members thereof, are authorized, after the adjournment of the 
 
Minutes of the Tltird Session. 309 
 
 Commission, to confer with the Committee of the Local Third ses- 
 Board of Directors, on the subject of legislation, the result of the 1,^^'*'^^ 
 conference to be reported to the Executive Committee or Board 
 of Control, and upon the approval thereof the said Committee 
 or Board shall cause such plan as may be recommended to be 
 carried into execution, and tlie Commissioners from the several 
 States and Territories are authorized and empowered to commu- 
 nicate with ♦■he Governors, and to appear before their respective 
 legislatures, to advance such legislation as may be promotive 
 of the success of the World's Columbian Exposition, provided the 
 allowance for subsistence to no Commissioner shall exceed 
 $60, but each shall be entitled to the transportation authorized 
 by the Act of Congress. 
 
 Mr. Hay, of Wyoming, offered the following resolution, 
 which was unanimously adopted: 
 
 Resolved^ That the thanks of this Commission are hereby 
 respectfully tendered to Mr. and Mrs. L. J. Gage, the La Salle » 
 Club, Washington Park Association, the Auditorium Association, • 
 and other citizens and associations of Chicago for the hospitali- 
 ties extended to the Commissioners during the present session. 
 
 The Secretary submitted the following communication: 
 
 Office of the Secretary, 
 World's Columbian Commission, 
 
 Chicago, III., November 25, 1890. 
 To the World's Columbian Commission: 
 
 Gentlemen: I have the honor to inform you that I have Report of 
 
 -^ the becre- 
 
 received from time to time, since the last meeting of the Com sumiay 
 mission, communications, petitions, memorials, etc., from various the^E#po"-^ 
 synods, churches, societies, associations, and individuals from 
 almost every State and Territory in the Union, including the 
 District of Columbia, protesting against the opening of the 
 World's Columbian Exposition on Sunday. 
 
 My reply to these communications has been to acknowledge 
 receipt of them, and to state that when this question was taken 
 up for consideration by the Commission, these communications, 
 etc., would be laid before the Commission. 
 
 As quite a number of these petitions, memorials, etc., request 
 
 the matter to be laid before the Commission at this meeting, I 
 
 desire to submit this communication with the accompanying 
 
 petitions, memorials, etc , in order to receive instructions from 
 21 
 
310 W^jjid's Cohnnhian Commission. 
 
 Third scs- the Commissioii as to what replv I shall make to these commu- 
 
 eliin— _ * - 
 
 EUrhtb nications in the future. 
 
 I have the honor to be, your obedient servant, 
 
 John T. Dickinson, 
 
 Secretary. 
 
 Mr. Martindale moved that all petitions, communications, 
 and memorials of the kind mentioned in the Secretary's com- 
 munication be referred to the Local Directory. After con- 
 siderable debate Mr. Martindale withdrew his motion and it was 
 renewed by Mr. Harris, of Virginia. 
 
 Mr. Massey moved, as an amendment, that all such communi- 
 cations already received, and all that may hereafter be received 
 by the Secretary of the Commission, shall remain in the files 
 of the Secretary's office and be considered hereafter by the Com- 
 mission at the appropriate time. 
 
 Mr. Jones offered the following as an amendment: 
 
 And that the Secretary of this Commission inform the peti- 
 tioners that at this stage this Commission has no power to act, 
 but will respectfully consider them at the proper time. 
 
 Mr. St. Clair offered the following as a substitute for the 
 
 original resolution and all the amendments: 
 
 Resolved, That the communication of the Secretary be re- 
 ceived and filed ; and the Secretary is hereby directed to reply to 
 the communications therein referred to, and such like communica- 
 tions as he may hereafter receive, stating that they will be con- 
 sidered at some future meeting of the Commission, after the 
 Chicago Directory has submitted its rules and regulations gov- 
 erning the rates of entrance, etc. 
 
 Mr. Massey accepted the amendment of Mr. St. Clair and 
 withdrew his own resolution, and the former was then adopted. 
 
 Mr. Butt, of West Virginia, offered the following resolution, 
 which was unanimously adopted: 
 
 Resolved, That the thanks of this Commission be, and are 
 hereby extended to the President, Hon. Thomas W. Palmer, 
 and the Vice-PresiJents for the fairness and ability with which 
 they have presided over its deliberations. 
 
 The Commission then, at 1.20 o'clock p. m., adjourned to meet 
 in the City of Chicago on the first Wednesday of April, 1891, 
 unless sooner called together by the President. 
 
ORDER OF BUSINESS 
 
 FOR SESSIONS OF THE 
 
 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 1. Calling of the Roll. 
 
 2. Reading and Approval of the Minutes. 
 
 3. Presentation of Communications and Memorials. 
 
 4. Reports of Standing Committees. 
 
 5. Reports of Select Committees. 
 
 6. Motions and Resolutions. 
 
 311 
 
RULES OF ORDER AND PROCEDURE 
 
 FOR SESSIONS OF THE 
 
 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Touching the Duties of the President. 
 
 1. He shall take the Chair every day, precisely at the hour to which ^Q].^|r*and 
 the Commission shall stand adjourned, and on the appearance of a P'"^*'®^"'®- 
 quorum shall cause the Journal of the preceding day to be read. 
 
 2. He shall preserve decorum and order; may speak to points of 
 order in preference to Commissioners on the floor, rising from his chair 
 for that purpose. He shall decide questions of order, subject to an 
 appeal to the Commission on request of any two Commissioners. 
 
 3. He may state a question sitting, but shall rise to put a question 
 to the vote of the Commission. 
 
 4. Questions shall be distinctly put in this form, viz.: "All you 
 
 who are of opinion that (as the question may be), say *Aye.' You of the ' 
 
 contrary opinion, say ' No.' " If the presiding officer doubt, or a division 
 be called for, the Commission shall divide; those in the affirmative shall 
 fii-st rise from their seats, and afterward those in the negative. If the 
 presiding officer still doubt, or a count be required, the presiding officer 
 shall name two Commissioners, one from each side, to tell those in the 
 affirmative and the negative; and the result being reported, he shall rise 
 and state the decision to the Commission. And on every vote there shall 
 be a call of the ayes and noes when demanded by five Commissioners. 
 
 5. The presiding officer may examine and correct the Journal 
 before it is read. 
 
 6. In case of any disturbance or disorderly conduct in the galleries 
 or lobbies, the presiding officer shall have power to order the same to be 
 cleared. 
 
 Order of Business. 
 
 7. As soon as the Journal is read and approved, the presiding 
 officer shall call for communications and memorials. The same having 
 been presented and disposed of, reports, first from the standing and then 
 from select committees, shall be called for; next, motions and resolutions; 
 
 313 
 
 V. 
 
314 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Rules of and if on anv dav the whole of the Committees have not been called, or, 
 
 Order and ' ' . ^•,,i- ^in^ 
 
 rocedure. being Called, shall not have finished their reports, or any report shall not 
 have been disposed of, the presiding officer, on the next day, shall com- 
 mence where he left off on the preceding day, and so on until all are 
 called. 
 
 Decorum and Order. 
 
 8. When a Commissioner is about to speak in debate or deliver any 
 matter to the Commission, he shall rise from his seat and respectfully 
 address himself to " Mr. President," and, being recognized by the presid- 
 ing officer, may proceed, but shall confine himself to the question under 
 debate, and avoid personalities. 
 
 9. If any Commissioner, in speaking, or otherwise, transgress the 
 rules of the Commission, the presiding officer shall, or any member may, 
 call him to order; in which case the member so called to order shall 
 immediately sit down, unless permitted to explain; and the Commission, 
 if appealed to, shall decide on the case; if there be no appeal, the 
 decision of the presiding officer shall be submitted to. If the decisipn be 
 in favor of the Commissioner called to order, he shall be at liberty to 
 proceed; if otherwise, he shall not be at liberty to proceed without leave 
 of the Commission; and if the case require it, he shall be liable to the 
 censure of the Commission. 
 
 10. If a Commissioner be called to order by another for words 
 spoken in debate, the exceptional words shall be immediately taken down 
 in writing by the Secretary, that the presiding officer may be better able 
 to judge of the matter. 
 
 11. When two or more Commissioners rise at once, the presiding 
 officer shall name the Commissioner who first addressed the Chair as the 
 one entitled to the floor. 
 
 12. No Commissioner shall speak more than twice to the same ques- 
 tion without leave of the Commission, nor more than once until every 
 Commissioner choosing to speak shall have spoken. But the Chairman of 
 a Committee reporting, or the mover of the pending resolution or propo- 
 sition, shall have the right to conclude the debate. 
 
 13. While the presiding officer is putting any question or addressing 
 the Commission, none shall walk out or across the chamber; nor when a 
 Commissioner is speaking shall any other entertain private discourse, or 
 pass between him and the Chair. 
 
 14. No Commissioner shall vote on any question in the event of 
 which he is immediately or jiarticularly interested, or in any case where 
 he was not present when the question was put, unless by the unanimous 
 consent of the Commission. 
 
Mutes of Order and Procedure. 315 
 
 15. Every Commissioner who shall be present when the question is ^("J.^"g°^an^ 
 put shall give his vote, unless the Commission, for special reasons, or the Procedure, 
 presiding officer, upon being satisfied that the motion or request is made 
 
 for dilatory purposes, shall excuse him. 
 
 16. When a motion is made and seconded, it shall be stated by the 
 presiding officer, or, being in writing, shall be handed to the Chair, and 
 read aloud by the Clerk before debated. 
 
 17. Every motion shall be reduced to writing, if the presiding officer 
 or any Commissioner desire it. 
 
 18. After a motion is stated by the presiding officer, or read by the 
 Clerk, it shall be deemed to be in the possession of the Commission, but 
 may be withdrawn, if there be no objection, at any time before a decision 
 or amendment. 
 
 Dignity and Privilege of Questions. 
 
 19. When a question is under debate, no motion shall be received 
 but to fix the time to which the Commission shall adjourn, to adjourn 
 to lie on the table, for the previous question, to postpone to a day certain, 
 to commit, or to postpone indefinitely, which several motions shall have 
 precedence in the order in which they are arranged. 
 
 20. When a motion is made to refer any subject, and different 
 committees are named, the question shall be taken in the following 
 order: i. To a Committee of the Whole. 2. A Standing Committee. 
 3. A Select Committee. 
 
 21. A motion to adjourn shall always be in order: that, and the 
 motion to lie on the table, to suspend the rules, and for the previous 
 question, shall be decided without debate. 
 
 22. The previous question being moved and seconded by not less 
 than ten Commissioners, the question from the Chair shall be, "Shall the 
 main question be now put?" and if the nays prevail, the main question 
 shall not then be put. But a refusal to order the previous question shall 
 not bar the Commission from forthwith proceeding to the consideration 
 of the subject. The effects of the previous question shall be to put an 
 end to all debate (except that the Chairman of the Committee reporting, 
 or the mover of the pending resolution or motion, may occupy not 
 more than twenty (20) minutes in concluding the debate after such 
 order) and bring the Commission to a direct vote upon amendments 
 offered, or read for information, before ordering the previous question, 
 and then upon the main question. Alter the previous question h.;s been 
 ordered, and until it shall have been exhausted, no motion shall be 
 allowed by the presiding officer, except one motion to adjourn and to fix 
 the time to which the Commission shall adjourn. A second motion for 
 the previous question shall not be in order on the same day upon the 
 same question, at the same stage thereof. 
 
316 Workr^t Cohimhian Commission. 
 
 Rules of 2x. When a question is postponed indefinitely, the same shall not 
 
 Procedure be acted on again during the session. 
 
 24. Any Commissioner may call for a division of the question, 
 which shall be divided, if it comprehends questions so distinct that, one 
 being taken away, the rest may stand entire for the decision of the Com- 
 mission; a motion to strike out and insert shall be deemed divisible. 
 But a motion to strike out being lost, shall preclude neither amendment 
 nor a motion to strike out and insert. Nor shall a motion to strike out 
 and insert one thing, being lost, preclude a motion to strike out and 
 insert a different thing. 
 
 25. Motions and reports on any subject may be committed at the 
 pleasure of the Commission. 
 
 26. A motion to postpone or commit an amendment, thereby to 
 separate it from the main question, shall not be in order. 
 
 27. No motion to reconsider any vote given shall be made, unless 
 within two days (Sunday excepted) after such vote was given, unless a 
 majority of three-fourths present concur therein; and. the motion to 
 reconsider shall be a privileged motion, and must be made by a Commis- 
 sioner who voted with the prevailing side. 
 
 28. No motion or proposition different from that under considera- 
 tion shall be admitted under color of amendment. 
 
 29. When a paper is first presented to the Commission, it shall be a 
 " matter of right in anv Commissioner to have it read before the Commis- 
 sion shall vote upon 'it. If the paper has been once read, or the reading 
 dispensed with, and the reading be again required and objected to, a 
 shall be determined by a vote of the Commission. 
 
 30. The unfinished business in which the Commission was engaged 
 at the last preceding adjournment shall hav<j the preference in that class 
 of business to which it appropriately belongs; and no motion, or any 
 other business, unless a privileged one, shall be received without special 
 leave of the Commission, until the former is disposed of. 
 
 31. The standing rules of the Commission, and the regular order of 
 business, shall not be suspended or interrupted, unless by a vote of iwo- 
 thirds of the Commissioners present. 
 
 32. Communications, memorials, and other papers, addressed to 
 the Commission, shall be presented by the presiding offtcer, or by a 
 member in his place; a brief statement of the contents thereof shall be 
 verbally made by the introducer before received or disposed ot. 
 
 2,T, Upon call of the Commission to take the yeas and nays on any 
 question, the names of the Commissioners-at-Large shall first be called 
 in alphabetical order; then the Commissioners of the States in the alpiia- 
 betical order of the States; then the Commissioners of the Territories in 
 
Rules of Order and Procedure. 317 
 
 the alphabetical order of the Territories, and then the Commissioners of Rules of 
 the District of Columbia. The ayes and noes shall not be ordered unless Procedure, 
 upon the demand of five (5) Commissioners. 
 
 34. No committee shall sit during the sitting of the Commission 
 without special leave. 
 
 35. All questions of order shall be noted by the Clerk upon the 
 Journal, with a decision thereon when an appeal shall be taken. 
 
 2,6. All questions relating to the order of business to be acted upon 
 shall be decided without debate. 
 
 37. Every motion to alter, change, or add to the standing rules of 
 the Commission shall be referred to the Committee on Rules, By-Laws, 
 and Regulations; and all resolutions presented shall be disposed of by 
 the Commission, unless postponed, referred, or committed to a com- 
 mittee. 
 
 38. An order to lay on the table an amendment, or substitute, shall 
 not carry with it the original proposition or motion. 
 
 Quorum. 
 
 39. A quorum shall consist of not less than a majority of the Com- 
 missioners, but the alternates representing absent Commissioners shall 
 be counted as Commissioners. 
 
BY-LAWS 
 
 OF THE 
 
 World's Columbian Commission 
 
 ARTICLE FIRST. 
 
 OFFICIAL TITLE. 
 
 This body shall be known by the title of the ''World's Columbian By-Laws. 
 Commission," as designated by the act of Congress, approved April 25, 
 1890; and the celebration with reference to which the Commission is 
 created shall be known as the "World's Columbian Exposition." 
 
 ARTICLE SECOND. 
 
 QUORUM. 
 
 A quorum for the transaction of business shall consist of not less 
 than a majority of the Commissioners, but the alternates representing 
 absent Commissioners shall be counted as Commissioners. 
 
 ARTICLE THIRD. 
 
 POWERS OF ALTERNATE COMMISSIONER. 
 
 An alternate Commissioner shall assume and perform the duties of 
 the Commissioner whose alternate he is only when his principal may be 
 unable to attend the meetings of the Commission. Service upon stand- 
 ing or special committees shall not devolve upon an alternate Commis- 
 sioner whose principal is a member thereof, unless in the absence of such 
 principal service upon such committee shall be specially assigned to the 
 alternate by the Commission. 
 
 ARTICLE FOURTH. 
 
 OFFICERS OF THE COMMISSION. 
 
 The officers of this Commission shall consist of a President, whose 
 official title shall be President of the "World's Columbian Commission;" 
 five Vice-Presidents, who shall be denominated First, Second, Third, 
 Fourth, and Fifth Vice-Presidents; the First Vice-President shall be of 
 opposite politics to the President, and the other four shall be divided 
 equally in politics; a Secretary; a Director-General; all of whom shall 
 hold their offices at the pleasure of the Commission, and the Board of 
 
 319 
 
320 WotIcV s Columhian Commission. 
 
 By-Laws. Lady Managers authorized by Section 6 of the act of Congress, of the 
 number hereinafter specified, and as heretofore fixed by the Commission. 
 
 ARTICLE FIFTH. 
 
 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. 
 
 There shall be an Executive Committee, consisting of twenty-six 
 members, of whom the President shall be one, and ex-officio Chairman, 
 and the remaining twenty-five shall be by him appointed in accordance 
 with the spirit of the act of Congress. The said Committee, when the 
 Commission is not in session, shall have all the powers of the National 
 Commission, except in cases in which the act of Congress requires the 
 action of the Commission or a majority of the Commissioners. A majority 
 of its members shall constitute a quorum, and the Committee may make 
 such regulations for its own government and the exercise of its functions 
 through the medium of such Sub-Committees as it may consider expedient. 
 This Committee shall select such emplo3^es and agents as may be neces- 
 sary, shall define their duties and fix their compensation: Provided, 
 however, that this selection shall only apply to such employes ar.d agents 
 as the Director-General is not expressly authorized to select and appoint. 
 They shall report fully all their transactions to the Commission at its 
 stated and special meetings. In case of any vacancy in the Committee, 
 the same shall be filled by appointment by the President. In all cases 
 where Commissioners who are members of the Executive Committee are 
 absent, their alternates are directed to represent them on that Committee. 
 
 ARTICLE SIXTH. 
 
 DUTIES OF THE PRESIDENT. 
 
 The President shall preside over all the meetings of the Commission, 
 and shall apoint all committees, unless otherwise directed by the Com- 
 mission, and he shall have all the powers and authority incident to the 
 office of President. The President may, and, at the written request of a 
 majority of the Executive Committee or of one-third of the members of 
 the Commission, or of six members of the Board of Reference and Con- 
 trol, shall, call a meeting of the Commission, by giving each member 
 reasonable notice of the time and place of such meeting. 
 
 ARTICLE SEVENTH. 
 
 DUTIES OF THE VICE-PRESIDENTS. 
 
 The Vice-Presidents shall, in the absence of the President, perform 
 his duties, each taking precedence in numerical order, and, if all the 
 Vice-Presidents be absent, the Commission shall elect a temporary 
 presiding officer. 
 
 ARTICLE EIGHTH. 
 
 DUTIES OF THE SECRETARY. 
 
 The Secretary shall conduct the correspondence of the Commission 
 and be the custodian of all documents and records relating to its busi- 
 
The By-Laws. :S21 
 
 ness. He shall keep a full and accurate record of its proceedings and of By-Lawa. 
 those of the Executive Committee, and of those of the Board of Refer- 
 ence and Control, and shall make report of same, from time to time, as 
 he may be required. He shall have power to appoint such assistant 
 secretaries and select such clerical force as shall be necessary properly to 
 conduct the business of the Commission, subject to the approval of the 
 Executive Committee. He shall keep all the accounts of the Commission 
 and certify the same to the Secretary of the Treasury for payment. All 
 papers, accounts, and records in his custody shall at all times be open to 
 inspection on the demand of any Commissioner. 
 
 ARTICLE NINTH. 
 
 DUTIES OF THE DIRECTOR-GENERAL. 
 
 He shall exercise such supervision, direction, and control of the oper- 
 ation of the "World's Columbian Exposition," within the domain of the 
 powers possessed by the Commission, as will tend to promote the efficiency 
 of every agency employed. He shall be authorized and instructed to as- 
 sume and exercise all such executive powers and functions as shall be 
 necessary to secure promptness, efficiency, and good faith in every depart- 
 ment of the work within the purview of the authority of this Commission, 
 and shall make report of his proceedings to the Executive Committee at 
 such times and in such manner as shall be required by said Committee, 
 and shall in all matters be subject to the direction and control of the Ex- 
 ecutive Committee. It shall also be his duty and privilege to attend the 
 meetings of any of the standing Committees for the purpose of suggestion 
 and conference, and to the end that all the agencies of the Commission 
 may be rendered more efficient. 
 
 The Director-General shall have the power to appoint chiefs of the 
 several great departments, subject to the confirmation of the National 
 Commission and the Board of Directors of the World's Columbian Expo- 
 sition, and not by any Committee of either body. 
 
 He shall fix the salaries of such chiefs, subject to the approval of 
 the Board of Directors of the World's Columbian Exposition. 
 
 He shall have power to appoint all subordinates necessary to the 
 proper administration of the several departments, and to fix their com- 
 pensation. 
 
 He may make removals for cause, of any and all officers and em- 
 ployes appointed by him. 
 
 He may, in his discretion and with the consent of the Executive Com- 
 mittee, or Board of Reference and Control of the National Commission, 
 and the Executive Committee of the Local Directory, place two or more 
 of the great departments under the control of one chief, and so continue 
 them until necessity shall require independent chiefs. 
 
 He shall have power by himself, or through such other officer or 
 agent as he may select, to inspect the grounds and buildings during the 
 
322 World^s Columbian Commission. 
 
 By-Law8. proccss of their preparation and construction; and it shall be his duty^ 
 from time to time, to give information in relation to the progress of the 
 work and the manner of its performance to the Executive Committee or 
 the Board of Reference and Control of this Commission. 
 
 The Director-General shall have power, and it shall be his duty, to 
 commission ail such representatives of the Exposition as shall be offi- 
 cially authorized to promote the interests thereof. 
 
 vThe expenses of the Director-General's immediate office, and his 
 clerk-hire, shall be paid out of the Government funds appropriated by the 
 i8th Section of the Act of Congress for paying the expenses of this Com- 
 mission and other contingent expenses, and he may select such assistants 
 and clerks as may be necessary to enable him to properly discharge the 
 duties of his office, and fix their salaries, subject to the approval of the 
 Executive Committee, or the Board of Reference and Control, of this 
 Commission. 
 
 ARTICLE TENTH. 
 
 DEPARTMENTS AND STANDING COMMITTEES. 
 
 The operations of the Exposition shall be conducted and carried on 
 through the medium of the following great departments, to wit: 
 
 A — Agriculture, food and food products, farming machinery and 
 appliances. 
 
 B — Viticulture, horticulture, and floriculture. 
 
 C — Live-stock — Domestic and wild animals. 
 
 D — Fish, fisheries, fish products, and apparatus of fishing. 
 
 E — Mines, mining, and metallurgy. 
 
 F — Machinery. 
 
 G — Transportation exhibits — Railways, vessels, vehicles. 
 
 H — Manufactures. 
 
 J — Electricity and electrical appliances. 
 
 K — Fine arts — Pictorial, plastic, and decorative. 
 
 L — Liberal arts — Education, engineering, public works, architecture, 
 music and the drama. 
 
 M — Ethnology, archaeology, progress of labor and invention; iso- 
 lated and collective exhibits. 
 
 N — Forestry and forest products. 
 
 O — Publicity and jiromotion. 
 
 P — Foreign affairs. 
 
 And there shall also be the following Standing Committees, to wit: 
 Committee on Judiciary, Rules, and By-Laws, 
 
 consisting of eight Commissioners, 
 Whose duty shall be to formulate Rules and By-Laws for submission 
 to the Commission, and to report on all such matters as may be referred 
 to it by the Commission, its Executive Committee, or its Board of Ref- 
 erence and Control. 
 
The By-Laws. 323 
 
 Committee on Tariffs and Transportation, By-Lawa. 
 
 consisting of sixteen Commissioners, 
 Which shall have consideration of all such matters relating to tariffs, 
 bondage and releasing of goods, and the transportation of goods, as may 
 be referred to it by the National Commission, its Executive Committee, 
 or its Board of Reference and Control, in conjunction with such officers 
 of the Treasury Department as may be appointed. 
 Committee on Foreign Affairs, 
 
 consisting of eight Commissioners, 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to the foreign 
 exhibits of the Exposition that may be referred to it by the National 
 Commission, its Executive Committee, or its Board of Reference and 
 Control. 
 
 CoMMiTiEE on Legislation, 
 
 consisting of the Commissioners and alter- 
 nates from each State, Territory, and the Dis- 
 trict of Columbia, and also the Commission- 
 ers-at-Large and their alternates, 
 Which shall have consideration of all matters pertaining to the 
 National, State, Territorial, or Municipal legislation affecting this Expo- 
 sition. 
 
 Committee on Fine Arts, 
 
 consisting of eight Commissioners, 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to fine arts which 
 may be referred to it by the Commission, its Executive Committee, or its 
 Board of Reference and Control. 
 
 Committee on Science, History, Literature, and Education, 
 
 consisting of eight Commissioners, 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to these subjects 
 that may be referred to it by the Commission, its Executive Committee, 
 or its Board of Reference and Control. 
 Committee on Agriculture, 
 
 consisting of sixteen Commissioners, 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to agriculture 
 which maybe referred to it by the Commission, its Executive Committee, 
 or its Board of Reference and Control. 
 
 Committee on Live Stock, 
 
 consisting of sixteen Commissioners, 
 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to live-stock, in- 
 cluding domestic animals, poultry, and birds of all varieties, as shall be 
 referred to it by the Commission, its Executive Committee, or its Board 
 of Reference and Control. 
 
324 WorlcVs Columhian Commission. 
 
 By-Laws. COMMITTEE ON HORTICULTURE AND FLORICULTURE, 
 
 consisting of sixteen Commissioners, 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to these subjects 
 that may be referred to it by the Commission, its Executive Committee, 
 or its Board of Reference and Control. 
 
 Committee on Finance, 
 
 consisting of eight Commissioners, 
 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to the expendi- 
 tures of this Commission under the Act of Congress, or such other 
 matters of finance as may be referred to it by the Commission, its Exec- 
 utive Committee, or its Board of Reference and Control. 
 
 Committee on Auditing, 
 
 consisting of four Commissioners, 
 
 Which shall have charge of examining and auditing all paid bills and 
 accounts of the Commission; and this Committee may hold sessions at 
 the call of its Chairman not oftener than once in two months. 
 
 Committee on Ceremonies, 
 
 consisting of eight Commissioners, 
 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to the inauguration 
 of the World's Columbian Exposition, and all ceremonies connected from 
 time to time therewith. 
 
 Committee on Classification, 
 
 consisting of sixteen Commissioners, 
 
 Which shall have charge of all subjects pertaining to the classifica- 
 tion of exhibits, and the limitation of space therefor, as may be referred 
 to it by the Commission, its Executive Committee, or its Board of Refer- 
 ence and Control. 
 
 Committee on Manufactures, 
 
 consisting of sixteen Commissioners, 
 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to this subject 
 that may be referred to it by the Commission, its Executive Committee, 
 or its Board of Reference and Control. 
 
 Committee on Commerce, 
 
 consisting of sixteen Commissioners, 
 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to commerce that 
 may be referred to it by the Commission, its Executive Committee, or its 
 Board of Reference and Control. 
 
 Committee on Mines and Mining, 
 
 consisting of sixteen Commissioners, 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to metallurgy, 
 
The By-Laics. 325 
 
 mines, and mining processes, as may be referred to it by the Commission, ^y*^*^®" 
 its Executive Committee, or its Board of Reference and Control. 
 
 Committee on Fish, Fisheries, and Fish Culture, 
 
 consisting of eight Commissioners, 
 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to these subjects 
 as may be referred to it by the Commission, its Executive Committee, or 
 its Board of Reference and Control. 
 
 Committee on Electricity, Electrical and Pneumatical 
 Appliances, 
 
 consisting of eight Commissioners, 
 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to these subjects 
 that may be referred to it by the Commission, its Executive Committee, 
 or its Board of Reference and Control. 
 
 Committee on Machinery, 
 
 consisting of eight Commissioners, 
 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to machinery that 
 may be referred to it by.the Commission, its Executive Committee, or its 
 Board of Reference and Control. 
 
 Committee on Forestry and Lumber, 
 
 consisting of eight Commissioners, 
 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to these subjects 
 as may be referred to it by the Commission, its Executive Committee, or 
 its Board of Reference and Control. 
 
 Committee on Printing, 
 
 consisting of six Commissioners, 
 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to this subject 
 as may be referred to it by the Commission, its Executive Committee, or 
 its Board of Reference and Control. 
 
 • Committee on Press, 
 
 consisting of six Commissioners, 
 Which shall have charge of all matters pertaining to this subject as 
 may be referred to it by the Commission, its Executive Committee, or its 
 Board of Reference and Control. 
 
 Committee ox World's Congresses, 
 
 consisting of eight Commissioners, 
 
 Which shall act in connection with the Local Directory in reference 
 to any World's Congress that may desire to assemble here during the 
 Exposition. 
 
 Committee on Grounds and Buildings, 
 
 consisting of six Commissioners, 
 Which shall have charge and supervision of the grounds and build- 
 ings in so far as the Commission mav exercise authority over the same, 
 
 22 
 
326- World's Golumhiaii Cominission. 
 
 By-Laws, and shall also examine and report to the Commission as to the provision 
 made by the World's Columbian Exposition for such buildinj^s, as it shall 
 be thereto required, by the order of the Commission, its Executive Com 
 mittee, or its Board of Reference and Control. 
 
 Each of the said several standing committees, hereinbefore enumer- 
 ated, shall have power and authority to investiL,^ate from time to time the 
 workings of the several gr.at departments, respectively, having charge 
 of the particular subject, or subjects, with reference to which each such 
 committee was created ; and from time to time to make reports and 
 recommendations respecting the same, either to the Board of Reference 
 and Control, the Executive Committee, or to the Commission. 
 
 ARTICLE ELEVENTH. 
 
 BOARD OF LADY MANAGERS. 
 
 The Board of Lady Managers shall consist of two women from each 
 State and Territory and the District of Columbia, to be nominated by 
 Commissioners from the several States and Territories and the Di-trict 
 of Columbia, and of one woman to be nominated by each of the Commis- 
 sioners-at-Large, and to be appointed by the President; and also nine 
 women of the City of Chicago, to be appointed by the President, as has 
 been expressly determined by the order of the Cominission; and a like 
 number of alternates, to be appointed in the same manner as the prin- 
 cipals, and to assume the duties and functions of such principals only 
 when the principals are unable to attend. Principals and alternates sliall 
 be duly commissioned in accordance with l!ie direction of^the Commis- 
 sion. The Board of Lady Managers shall be convened by the order of 
 the Executive Committee of the Commission, at such time and place 
 as it may deem proper, and, when so convened, shall organize by the 
 election of a Chairman and Secretary. The duration of such first meet- 
 ing, as well as the number and durat'on of each subsequent meeting, 
 shall be wholly under the control and be determined by said Executive 
 Committee. The members of this Board shall be officers of the Commis- 
 sion, and shall perform such duties in connection with the Woman's 
 Department of the Exposition as said Executive Committee shall pre- 
 scribe. Each member of the Board shall be entitled to receive six dol- 
 lars per day for each day necessarily absent from home engaged in the 
 work of the Commission, and also the expenses for transportation actu- 
 ally incurred by her on that account. The alternates shall receive no 
 compensation nor expenses for transportation, except in cases where 
 their principals are unable to attend to the duties assigned to them. No 
 expenses for transportation shall be allowed except the travel be author- 
 ized by the said Executive Committee and certified accordingly. 
 
 ARTICLE TWELFTH. 
 
 SIATED MEETINGS. 
 
 There shall be two stated meetings of the Commission, in each year 
 during the existence of the Commission, to be held on the first Wednes- 
 
The By-Laws. ' 3-27 
 
 'day of April and on the first Wednesday in September in each year, By-Laws, 
 respectively, commencing with the first Wednesday of April, 1891. 
 
 ARTICLE THIRTEENTH. 
 
 SPECIAL MEETINGS. 
 
 Special meetings shall be held upon the call of the President, and 
 such call therefor may be made on his own motion, and shall be made at 
 the written req.est of the Executive Committee, or of one-third of the 
 members of the Commission, or six of the members of the Board of 
 Reference and Control, and reasonable notice, and the time and place 
 of such meeting, shall be given to each Commissioner. 
 
 ARTICLE FOURTEENTH. 
 
 REPORTS OF DISBURSEMENTS. 
 
 It shall be the duty of the Secretary of this Commission, and of any 
 and all other officers thereof authorized or empowered to certify any 
 account or voucher for expenses incurred in the work of this Commission, 
 to report the same in detail at least once each month, and before the tenth 
 day thereof, to the Executive Committee, or to the Board of Reference 
 and Control, ^nd to make detailed reports of the same to this Commission 
 at each of its stated or special meetings, and not later than the third day 
 of each meeting. 
 
 ARTICLE FIFTEENTH. 
 
 SALARIES OF OFFICERS. 
 
 Annual salaries shall be paid to the President, Secretary, and Director- 
 General, as follows: 
 
 To the President, a salary of $12,000. 
 To the Secretary, a salary of $10,000. 
 To the Director-General, a salary of $15,000. 
 
 And such salaries shall commence to accrue from the date each has 
 assumed, or shall assume, the duties of his office. 
 
 ARTICLE SIXTEENTH. 
 
 VICE-CHAIRMAN OF EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. 
 
 There shall be also an officer of the Commission, designated Vice- 
 Chairman of the Executive Committee, who shall perform such duties as 
 may be assigned to him by the Commission or its Executive Committee, 
 and who shall receive an annual salary of eight thousand dollars, which 
 shall commence to accrue from the date of assuming the duties of his 
 office. 
 
 ARTICLE SEVENTEENTH. 
 
 BOARD OF REFERENCE AND CONTROL. 
 
 There shall be a Board, to be designated " Board of Reference and 
 Control," to consist of the President of the Commission, the Vice-Chair- 
 
328 Workrs Columhian Commission. 
 
 By-Laws, man of the Executive Committee, and six members of the Commission, 
 to be appointed by the President, upon which Board are conferred all the 
 powers and duties of the Commission, when the said Commission and its 
 Executive Committee shall not be in session, except incases in which the 
 Act of Congress requires the action of the Commission, or of a majority 
 of the Commissioners; said Board of Conference and Control, with a like 
 Committee of the Directory of the World's Columbian Exposition, to be 
 appointed by the President thereof, shall constitute a Committee of Con- 
 ference to which shall be referred all matters of difference, and the joint 
 action of the two Boards, constituting the Joint Committee on such mat- 
 ters of difference, shall be conclusive. The said Board of Conference 
 and Control shall keep accurate records of all its proceedings, and make 
 full reports of the same to the Commission at each session thereof, within 
 the first two days of the session. 
 
 ARTICLE EIGHTEENTH. 
 
 EMPLOYMENT OF COMMISSIONERS. 
 
 No Commissioner shall demand or receive for any service rendered 
 as chief of, or subordinate employe in, any of the great departments, 
 any sum of money, except such us he may be entitled to demand and 
 receive under the provisions made by the Act of Congress for the trans- 
 portation and subsistence of the members of this Commission; and no 
 member of this Commission shall accept any office created by the local 
 Illinois corporation to which a salary is attached, nor shall he accept any 
 office to be hereafter created by this Commission to which a salary is 
 attached. 
 
 ARTICLE NINETEENTH. 
 
 THE OFFICIAL SEAL. 
 
 There shall be an official seal of the Commission, circular in form, 
 with the following devices thereon, viz., around the margin thereof the 
 words : 
 
 " World's Columbian Commission, created by Act of Congress of the 
 United States of America, organized 1890." 
 
 In the center a vignette composed as follows: 
 
 In the top of the circle the eagle, copied from our National coat of 
 arms, perched upon the figure of a globe, and below it a section of the 
 well-known picture of the landing of Columbus, showing the prow of the 
 boat. 
 
 ARTICLE TWENTIETH. 
 
 AMENDMENTS. 
 
 Amendments shall only be made by a two-thirds vote of the Com- 
 missioners present; and all propositions to alter or amend shall be re- 
 ferred to the Committee on Rules, By-Laws, and Regulations, and be by 
 ii considered before any final action thereon by the Commission. 
 
STANDING COMMITTEES 
 
 OF THE 
 
 World's Columbian Commission 
 
 Executive Committee. 
 
 President T. W. Palmer, Michigan, Chairman. 
 
 James A. McKenzie, Kentucky, Vice-Chairman. 
 
 John T. Dickinson, Texas, Secretary. 
 
 A. B. Hurt, Tennessee, AssH Secretary. 
 M. L. McDonald, Commissioner-at-Large. M. B. Harrison, Minnesota. 
 R. C. Kerens, Commissioner-at-Large. James D. Butt, West Virginia. 
 Henry Exall, Commissioner-at-Large. Adlai T. Ewing, Illinois. 
 P. A. B. Widener, Commissionec-at-Large. AVilliam F. King, Iowa. 
 
 standing 
 Commit- 
 tees. 
 
 John T. Harris, Virginia. 
 "William J. Sewell, New Jersey. 
 B. B. Smalley, Vermont. 
 E. B. Martindale, Indiana. 
 John Boyd Thacher, New York. 
 Francis W. Breed, Massachusetts. 
 Euclid Martin, Nebraska. 
 Reese R. Price, Kansas. 
 
 H. P Plntt, Ohio. 
 
 L. McLaws, Georgia. 
 
 T. L. Willi ms, Tennessee. 
 
 Joseph Hirst, Florida. 
 
 R. L. Saunders, Mississippi. 
 
 L. H. Hershfield, Montana. 
 
 R. E. Goodell, Colorado. 
 
 A. T. Britton, District of Columbia. 
 
 Committee on Judiciary, Rules, axd By-Laws. 
 
 William Lindsay, Kentucky, Commissioner-at-Large, Chairman. 
 G. V. Massey, Delaware, Acting Secretary. 
 
 J. W. St. Clair, West Virginia. L. Gregg, Arkansas. 
 
 William J. Sewell, New Jersey. O. R. Hundley, Alabama. 
 
 B. B. Smalley, Vermont. P. Allen, Jr., Wisconsin. 
 
 Committee on Tariffs and Transportation. 
 
 V. D. Groner, Virginia, Chairman. 
 H. P. Rucker, North Dakota, Secretary. 
 
 W. Aiken, New Hampshire. L. Lowndes, Maryland. 
 
 C M. Depew, New York. O. R. Hundley, Alabama. 
 
 W. McClelland, Pennsylvania. J. W. Haines, Nevada. 
 
 M, H. Lane, Michigan. G. C. Sims, Rhode Island. 
 
 J. D. Adams, Arkansas. H. H. Mclntyre, Vermont. 
 
 L. Brainard, Connecticut. T. C. Gutierres, New Mexico. 
 
 A. B. Andrew^ North Carolina. Euclid Martin, Nebraska. 
 
 329 
 
330 WorlcVs Columbian Commission, 
 
 standing COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS. 
 
 Commit- 
 
 tees. 
 
 C. ]VI. Depew, New York, Chnirmun. 
 
 G. V. Miissey, Delaware, Acting Secretary. 
 
 J. Allison Bowen, Assistant Secretary. 
 
 Thomas M. "Waller, Connecticut. C. H. Way, Georgia. 
 
 A. A. Wilson, District of Columbia. M. H. Lane, Michigan. 
 
 R. C. Kerens, Commissioner-at-Large. D. B. Penn, Louisiana. 
 
 Committee on Fine Arts. 
 
 A. G. Bullock, Commissioner-at-Large, Ghai'man. 
 
 — , Secretary. 
 
 C. M. Depew, New York. W. L Buchanan, Iowa. 
 
 A. A. Wilson, District of Columbia. M. H. de Young, California. 
 
 O. V. Tousley, Minnesota. James Hodges, Maryland. 
 
 T. J. Woodward, Louisiana. 
 
 Committee on Science, History, Literature, and Education. 
 
 O. V. Tousley, Minnesota, Chairman. 
 
 , Secretary. 
 
 A. C. Beckwith, Wyoming. T. J. Woodward, Louisiana. 
 
 F. G. Bromberg, Alabama. A. G. Bullock, Commissioner-at-Large. 
 
 C. H. Jones, Missouri. W. F. King, Iowa. 
 
 J. A. McKenzie, Kentucky. 
 
 Committee on Agriculture, 
 
 W. I. Buchanan, Iowa, Chairman. 
 , Secretary. 
 
 L. T. Baxter, Tennessee. A. P. Butler, South Carolina. 
 
 R. Turnbull, Florida. A. G. Scott, Nebraska. 
 
 A. M. Cochran, Texas. O. Becson, Oklahoma, 
 
 J. L. Mitchell, Wisconsin. H. H. Mclntyre, Vermont. 
 
 J. W. Haines, Nevada. J. D. Adams, Arkansas. 
 
 D. B. Penn, Louisiana. M. Wilkins, Oregon. 
 
 J. M. Bynum, Mississippi. William Forsyth, California. 
 
 F. J. V. Skiff, Colorado. 
 
 Committee on Live Stock. 
 
 J. L. Mitchell, Wisconsin, Chairman. 
 
 H. P. Rucker, North Dakota. Secretai-y. 
 John Bennett, Kentucky. T. C. Gutierres, New Mexico. 
 
 T. E. Proctor, Massachusetts. H. Exall, Commissioner-at-Large. 
 
 G. A. Manning, Idaho. L. T. Baxter, Tennessee. 
 G. Russell, Nevada. A. H. Mitchell, ^lontana, 
 
 E. B. :Martindale, Indiana. W. Mclntyre, South Dakota. 
 H. Drum. Washington. A. T. Ewing, Illinois. 
 
 J. D Miles, Oklahoma. H. G. Hay, Wyoming. 
 
standing Committees. 331 
 
 Committee on Horticulture and Floriculture. standing 
 
 Comnut- 
 W. Forsyth, California, Chairman. teea. 
 
 Willard Hall Porter, Delaware, Secretary. 
 
 G. A. Manning, Idaho. R. Turnbull, Florida. 
 
 C. D. McDutfie, New Hampshire. J. W. Woodside, Pennsylvania. 
 
 T. E. Garvin, Indiana. C. H. Richmond, Michigan, 
 
 F. J. V. Skiff, Colorado. J. R. Cochran, South Carolina. 
 
 W. Zeckendorf, Arizona. J. Hodges, Maryland. 
 
 A. R. Bixby, Maine. C. H. Deere, Illinois. 
 
 P. Allen, Jr., Wisconsin. F. J. Kiesel, Utali. 
 
 Committee on Finance. 
 
 Charles H. Jones, Missouri, Chairman. 
 H. H. Mclntyre, Vermont, Secretary. 
 
 L. H. Hershfield, Montana. A. B. Andrews, North Carolina. 
 
 James Hodges, Maryland. A. R. Bixby, Maine. 
 
 P. H. Lannan, Utah. J. T. Harris, Virginia. 
 
 Committee on Auditing. 
 
 T. E. Garvin, Indiana, Chairman. 
 
 P. Allen, Jr., Wisconsin, Secretary. ' 
 
 C. K. Holliday, Jr., Kansas. J. D. Butt, West Virginia. 
 
 Committee on Ceremonies. 
 
 P. A. B. Widener, Commissioner-at-Large, Chairman. 
 
 Edward C. Culp, Kansas, Secretary. 
 J. D. Adams, Arkansas. C. H. Richmond, Michigan. 
 
 William Lindsay, Commissioner-at-Large. G. W. Allen, Commissioner-at-Large. 
 V. D. Groner, Virginia. M. B. Harrison, Minnesota. 
 
 R. C. Kerens, Commissioner-at-Large. 
 
 Committee on Classification. 
 
 C. H. Deere, Illinois, Chairman, \ 
 
 W. McClelland, Pennsylvania, Secretary. 
 L. B. Goff, Rhode Island. C. H. Way, Georgia. 
 
 M. Ryan, North Dakota. J. D. Miles, Oklahoma. 
 
 M. H. de Young, California. H. P. Piatt, Ohio. 
 
 T. L. Williams, Tennessee. G. F. Coats, Arizona. 
 
 A. M. Cochran. Texas. A. C. Beck with, Wyoming. 
 
 T. Smith, New Jersey. J. Hirst, Florida. 
 
 T. B, Keogh, North Carolina. T. E. Garvin, Indiana. 
 
 Committee on Manufactures. 
 
 L. Brainard. Connecticut, Chairman. 
 
 Willard Hall Porter, Delaware, Secretary. 
 
 T. E. Proctor, Massachusetts. W. Ritchie, Ohio. 
 
 T. B. Bullene, Missouri. G. C. Sims, Rhode Island. 
 
 W. McClelland, Pennsylvania. L. McLaws. Georgia. 
 
 R. M. White, New Mexico. W. Aiken, New Hampshire. 
 
 C. H. Deere, Illinois. J. M. Bynum, Mississippi. 
 
 T. Smith, New Jersey. F. J. Kiesel, Utah. 
 
 William Mclntyre, South Dakota. W. Zeckendorf, Arizona. 
 
332 Wo7'ld\s Columhkm Commission, 
 
 Standing COMMITTEE ON COMMERCE. 
 
 tees. L. Lowndes, Marjiaud, Chairman. 
 
 , Secrctdvii. 
 
 J. B. Thacher, New York. George V. ]Masse^^ Delaware. 
 
 J. M. Byiium, Mississi]>pi. H. Exall, Commissioner at-Large. 
 
 T. M. AValler, Couneclicut. J. R. Cochran, Soiitli Carolina. 
 
 L. B. Goff, Rhode Island. H. P. Piatt, Ohio. 
 
 T. E. Proctor, jMassachusetts. T. J. Woodward, Louisiana. 
 
 M. Wilkins. Oregon. H. Drum, Washington. 
 
 R. Turnbull. Florida. C. D. McDultie, New Hampshire. 
 
 C. H. Way, Georgia. 
 
 Committee on 3Iixes and Mining. 
 
 F. J. Y. Skiff, Colorado, Chairman. 
 Rush Strong, Tennessee, Secretary. 
 
 M. H. Day, South Dakota. F. G. Bromberg, Alabama. 
 
 L, T. Baxter, Tennessee. J. E. Stearns, Idaho. 
 
 J. W. St. Clair, West Yirginia. G. F. Coats, Arizona. 
 
 J. W. Woodside, Pennsylvania. C. H. Richmond, Michigan. 
 
 A. H. Mitchell, Montana. P. H. Lannan, Utah. 
 
 L. Lowndes, Maryland. H. Drum, Washington. 
 
 G. Russell, Nevada. R. M. White. New Mexico. 
 M. L. McDonald, Commii^^sioner-at-Large. 
 
 Committee on Fisheries and Fish Culture. 
 ' A. R. Bixby, Maine, Chairman. 
 R. E. Goodell, Colorado, Secretary. 
 A. P. Butler, South Carolina. C. B. Hopkins, Washington. 
 
 W. J. Sewell, New Jersey. R. L. Saunders, Mississippi. 
 
 H. Klippel, Oregon. ^I. H. Lane, Michigan. 
 
 Committee on Electricity, Electrical and Pneumatic al Appliances. 
 
 G. C. Sims, Rhode Island, Chairman. 
 
 Martin Ryan, North Dakota, Secretary. 
 C. B. Hopkins, Washington. W. G. Davis, Maine. 
 
 G, W. Allen, Commissioner-at-Large. F. W. Breed, Massachusetts. 
 
 R. R. Price, Kansas. O. R. Hundley, Alabama. 
 
 Committee on Forestry and Lumber. 
 
 J. W. St. Clair, West Yirginia, Chairman. 
 
 , Secretary. 
 
 R. M. White, New Mexico. H. Klippel, Oregon. 
 
 W. G. Davis, Maine. L. Gregg, Arkansas. 
 
 A. G. Scott, Nebraska. R. L. Saunders, Mississippi. 
 
 H. G. Hay, Wyoming. 
 
 Committee on 3Iaciiinery. 
 
 William Ritchie, Ohio. Chairman. 
 
 Willaid Hull Porter, Delaware, Secretai'y. 
 John Bennett, Kentucky. L. B. Golf, Rhode Island. 
 
 W. Forsyth, California. M. II. Day, South Dakota. 
 
 O. Bccson. Okl.'ilionia. T. B. nullciic Missouri. 
 
standing Committees. 333 
 
 Committee on World's Congresses. standing 
 
 Cominlt- 
 
 J. W. Woodside, Pennsylvania, Chairman. 
 , Secretary. 
 
 C. H. Jones, Missouri. F. G. Bromber^, Alabama. 
 
 John Bennett, Kentucky. J, B. Thacher, New York. 
 
 A. A. Wilson, District of Columbia. O. V. Tousley, Minnesota. 
 
 B, B. Smalley, Vermont. 
 
 Committee on Printing. 
 
 C. K. Holliday, Jr., Kansas, Chairman. 
 P. H. Lannan, Utah, Secretary. 
 
 T. B Keogh, North Carolina. J. E. Stearns, Idaho. 
 
 J. T. Harris, Virginia. T. B. BuUene, Missouri. 
 
 Committee on Grounds and Buildings. 
 
 E. B. Martindale, Indiana, Chairman. 
 , Secretary. 
 
 R. M. White, New Mexico. Mark L. McDonald, California. 
 
 T. Smith, New Jersey. M. H. Lane, Michigan. 
 
 J. T. Harris, Virginia. 
 
 tees. 
 
Board of Reference and Control. 
 
 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Thomas W. Palmer, of Michigan, President. 
 
 James A. McKenzie, of Kentucky, Vice-Chairman Executive Committee. 
 
 George V. Massey, of Delaware. 
 
 William Lindsay, of Kentucky. 
 
 Michel H. de Young, of California. 
 
 Thomas M. Waller, of Connecticut. 
 
 Elijah B. Martindale, of Indiana. 
 
 J. W. St. Clair, of West Virginia. 
 
 John T. Dickinson, of Texas, Secretary. 
 
 World's Columbian Exposition. 
 
 Lyman J. Gage, President. 
 Thomas B. Bryan. 
 Potter Palmer. 
 Ferd. W Peck. 
 Edward T. Jeffery. 
 Edwin Walker. 
 Frederick S. Winston. 
 De Witt C. Cregier. 
 
 Benjamin Butterworth, Secretary. 
 
 334 
 
ALPHABETICAL LIST 
 
 OF 
 
 Commissioners and Their Committees. 
 
 tees. 
 
 Adams, J. D., Arkansas, D. 
 
 Tariffs aud Transportation; Agriculture; Ceremonies. Commis- 
 
 slouers 
 
 Aiken, W., New Hampshire, D. Commit^ 
 
 Tariffs and Transportation; Manufactures. 
 
 Allen, G. W., New York, R., 4tli Vice-President of the Commission. 
 
 Ceremonies; Electricity. 
 
 Allen, Jr., P., Wisconsin, R. 
 
 Judiciary; Rules and By-Laws; Horticulture and Floriculture; Auditing, 
 Secretary. 
 
 Andkews, a. B., North Carolina, D., 5th Vice-President of the Commission. 
 Tariffs and Transportation; Finance. 
 
 Baxter, L. T., Tennessee, R. 
 
 Agriculture; Live Stock; Mines and Mining. 
 
 Beckwith, a. C, Wyoming, B. 
 
 Science, History, Literature, and Education; Classification. 
 
 Beeson, 0., Oklahoma, I>. 
 
 Agriculture; Machinery. 
 
 Bennett, J., Kentucky, R. 
 
 Live Stock; Machinery; World's Congresses. 
 
 BixBY, A. R., Maine, R. 
 
 Horticulture and Floriculture; Finance; Fisheries; Qlmirman. 
 
 Brainard, L., Connecticut, R. 
 
 Tariffs and Transportation; Manufactures, Chairman. 
 
 Breed, F. W., Massachusetts, R. 
 Executive; Electricity. 
 
 Britton, a. T., District of Columbia, R. 
 Executive. 
 
 Bromberg, F. G., Alabama, R. 
 
 Science, History, Literature, and Education; Mines and Mining; World's Con- 
 gresses. 
 
 Buchanan, W. I., Iowa, D. 
 
 Fine Arts; Agriculture, CJiairman. 
 
 335 
 
336 WorlcV s Columbian Commission. 
 
 Comnils BULLENE, T B., MisSOUli. R. 
 slouers ,_ . -.r . . ^^ . . 
 
 and riu'ir Manufactures; Machmerv; Prmtino;. 
 
 Commit- 
 tees. 
 
 Bullock, A. G., Massachusetts, D. 
 
 Scieuce, Histoiy, Literature, aud Education; Fine Arts; Chairman. 
 Butler, A. P., South Carolina, D. 
 
 Agriculture; Fisheries. 
 
 Butt, James D., West Virginia, R. 
 
 Executive; Auditing. 
 Bynum, J. M.. Mississippi. R. 
 
 Agriculture; Manufactures; Commerce. 
 
 Coats, G F., Arizona, R. 
 
 Classiticatiou; Mines aud Mining. 
 Cochran, A. M., Texas, R. 
 
 Agriculture, Classification. 
 Cochran, J. R., South Carolina, R. 
 
 Horticulture and Floriculture; Commerce. 
 Dayis, W. G., Maine, D. 
 
 Electricity; Forestry and Lumber. 
 Day, M, H., South Dakota, D. 
 
 Mines and Mining; Machinery. 
 
 Deere, C. H., Illinois, R. 
 
 Horticulture and Floriculture; Manufactures; Classification, Chairman. 
 Depew, Chauncey M., New York, R. 
 
 Tariffs and Transportation; Fine Arts; Foreign AJfairs, Chairman. 
 
 De Young M. H., California, R., 2d Vice-President of the Commission. 
 
 Fine Arts; Classification; Reference and Control. 
 Dickinson, John T,, Texas, D., Secretary of the Commission. 
 
 Executive Committee, Secretary, aud Board of Reference and Control, Secretary. 
 Drum, H., Washington, D. 
 
 Live Stock; Commerce; Mines and Mining. 
 EwiNG, A. T., Illinois, D. 
 
 Executive ; Live Stock. 
 Exall, H., Texas, D. 
 
 Executive; Live Slock; Commerce. 
 Forsyth, W., California, D. 
 
 Agriculture; Machinery; Horticulture and Floriculture, Chairman. 
 Garvin, T. E., Indiana, D. 
 
 Horticulture and Floriculture; Classification; Auditing, Chairman. 
 Goff, L. B., Rhode Island, R. 
 
 Classification; Commerce; Machinery. 
 Goodell, R. E., Colorado, D. 
 
 Executive; Fisheries, Secretary. 
 Gregg. L., Arkansas, R. 
 
 Judiciary, Rules, and By-Laws; Forestry and Lumber. 
 Gronek, V. D., Virginia. R. 
 
 Ceremonies; Tariffs and Transportation, Chairman. 
 Gutiehres, T. C, New Mexico, D. 
 
 Tariffs and Transportation; Live Stock. 
 
 i 
 
Commissioners and their Committees. 337 
 
 HArNES, J. W., Nevada, R. conimi.s- 
 
 Tariffs and Transportation; Agriculture. ancfthfir 
 
 Commit- 
 
 Harris, J. T., Virginia, D. *««"• 
 
 Executive; Finance; Printing; Grounds and Buildings. 
 
 Harrison, ls\. B., Minnesota, D. 
 Executive; Ceremonies. 
 
 Hay, H. G., Wyoming, R. 
 
 Live Stock; Forestrj^ and Lumber. 
 
 Hershfield, L. H., Montana, R. 
 Executive; Finance. 
 
 Hirst, J., Florida, R. 
 
 Executive; Clarification. 
 
 Hodges J., Maryland, D. 
 
 Fine Arts, Horticulture and Floriculture; Finance. 
 Holliday, Jr., C. K , Kansas, D. 
 
 Auditing; Printing, Chairman. 
 
 Hopkins, C. B., Washington, R. 
 Fisheries; Electricity. 
 
 Hundley, O. R,, Aliibama, D. 
 
 Judiciary, Rules, and By-Laws; Tariffs and Transportation; Electricity. 
 Jones. C. H., Missouri,!). 
 
 Science, History, Literature, and Education; World's Congresses; Finance, 
 Chairman. 
 
 Kerens, R, C, Missouri, R. 
 
 Executive; Foreign Affairs; Ceremonies. 
 
 Keogh, T. B., North Carolina, R. 
 Classification; Printing. 
 
 Kiesel. F. J.. Utah, D. 
 
 Horticulture and Floriculture; Manufactures.' 
 King, W. F., Iowa, R. 
 
 Executive; Science, History, Literature, and Education. 
 Klippel, H., Oregon, D. 
 
 Fisheries ; Forestry and Lumber. 
 Lane, M. H., Michigan, R. 
 
 Tariffs and Transportation; Foreign Affairs; Fisheries; Grounds and Buildings. 
 Lannan, p. H., Utah, R. 
 
 Finance; Mines and Mining; Vvinting, Secretary. 
 Lindsay, W., Kentucky, D. 
 
 Ceremonies; Judiciary, Rules, and By-Laws, Chairman; Reference and Control. 
 Lowndes, L., Maryland, R. 
 
 Tariffs and Transportation; Mines and Mining; Commerce, Chairman. 
 McClelland, W., Pennsylvania, D. 
 
 Tariffs and Transportation ; Manufactures; Classification, Secretary. 
 McDonald, M. L. , California, D. 
 
 Executive; Mines and Mining; Grounds and Buildings. 
 McDuffie, C. D., New Hampshire, R. 
 
 Horticulture and Floriculture; Commerce. 
 
i 
 
 338 Worlcr.'i Columh'uui Commission. 
 
 CoininiB- 3IcIntyiie. li. II., Vermont, R. 
 and thoir Tariffs and Transportation; Agriculture; Finance, Secretary. 
 
 Commit- 
 tees. McIntyue, W., South Dakota, II. 
 
 Live Stock; 3Ianufactures. 
 McKenzie, J. A., Kentucky, D. . 
 
 Science, History, Literature, and Education; Executive, Vice- Chairman; Refer- 
 ence and Control. 
 McLaws, L., Georgia, R. 
 
 Executive; Manufactures. 
 
 Manning, G. A., Idaho, R. 
 
 Live Stock; Horticulture and Floriculture. 
 
 Martin, Euclid. Nebraska, D. 
 
 Executive; Tariffs and Transportation. 
 
 JMartindale, E. B., Indiana, R. 
 
 Executive; Live Stock; Grounds and Buildings, Chairman; Reference and 
 Control. 
 
 Massey, G. v., Delaware, R. 
 
 Judiciary, Rules, and By-Laws, Acting Secretary; Foreign Affairs Acting Secre- 
 tary; Commerce; Reference and Control. 
 
 Miles, J. D., Oklahoma, R. 
 
 Live Stock; Classification. 
 Mitchell, A. H., Montana, D. 
 
 Live Stock; Mines and :Mining. 
 Mitchell, J. L., Wisconsin, D. 
 
 Agriculture, Chairman; Live Stock, Chairman. 
 Palmer, T. W., Michigan, R., President of the Commission. 
 
 Executive, Chairman; Reference and Control, CJmirman. 
 Penn, D. B., Louisiana. I).. 3d Vice-President of the Commission. 
 
 Foreign Affairs; Agriculture. 
 Platt, H. P., Ohio, B. 
 
 Executive; Commerce; Classification. 
 Porter, AV'. H., Delaware, D. 
 
 Horticulture and Floriculture; Manufactures, Secretary; Machinery. 
 
 Price, R. R., Kansas, R. 
 
 Executive; Electricity. 
 Proctor, T. E., Massachusetts, D. 
 
 Live Stock; Manufactures; Commerce. 
 Richmond. C. II., Michigan, D. 
 
 Horticulture and Floriculture; Ceremonies; Mines and Mining. 
 Ritchie, W., Ohio, R. 
 
 Manufactures; Machinery, Chairman. 
 RuCKER, H. P., North Dakota, R. 
 
 Tariffs and Transi)ortation, Secretary; Live Stock, Secretai-y. 
 RcssELL, G., Nevada, J). 
 
 Live Stock; Mines and Mining. 
 Ryan, M., North Dakota, I), 
 
 y Classification; Electricity, Secretary. 
 St. Clair, J. W., We-t Virginia, D. 
 
 Judiciary. Rules, and By Liws; Mines and Mining; Forestry and Lumber, 
 Chairman; Reference and Control. 
 
 I 
 
Commissioners and their Committees, 339 j 
 
 \ 
 
 Saunders, R. L., Mississippi, D. ^BU,"er8 ^ 
 
 Executive; Fisheries; Forestry and Lumber. co^'mlnu- ^ 
 
 Scott, A. G., Nebraska. R ^^^'- '• 
 
 Agriculture; Forestry and Lumber. \ 
 
 Sewell, W. J., New Jersey, R. j 
 
 Executive; Judiciary, Rules, and By-Laws; Fisheries. \ 
 
 Sims, G. C, Rhode Island, D. ^ 
 
 Tariffs and Transportation ; Manufactures; Electricity, Chairman. i 
 
 Skiff, F. J. V., Colorado, R. 
 
 Agriculture; Horticulture and Floriculture; Mines and Mining, Chairman, j 
 
 Smalley, B. B., Vermont, D. ' 
 
 Executive; Judiciary, Rules, and By-Laws; World's Congresses. i 
 
 Smith, T., New Jersey, D. ; 
 Classification; Manufactures; Grounds and Buildings. 
 
 Stearns, J. E., Idaho, D. \ 
 Mines and Mining; Printing. 
 
 Thacher, J. B., New York, D. 
 
 Executive; Commerce; World's Congresses. 
 
 Tousley, O. V., Minnesota, R. \ 
 
 Fine Arts; World's Congresses; Science, History, Literature, and Education, * 
 
 Chairman. ' 
 
 TURNBULI., R., Florida, D. ! 
 
 Agriculture; Horticulture and Floriculture; Commerce. ' 
 
 Waller, T. 31., Connecticut, D. 1st Vice-President of the Commission. j 
 
 Foreign Affairs; Commerce • Reference and Control. 5 
 
 Way, C. H., Georgia, D. 1 
 
 Foreign Affairs; Classification; Commerce. ' 
 
 White, R. M., New Mexico, R. ■ 
 
 Mines and Mining; Manufactures; Forestry and Lumber; Grounds and \ 
 
 Buildings. \ 
 
 Widener, P a. B., Pennsylvania, R. ; 
 Executive; Ceremonies, Chairman. 
 
 WiLKiNS, M., Oregon, R. 
 
 Agriculture; Commerce. 
 
 Williams, T. L., Tennessee, D. \ 
 Executive; Classification. 
 
 "Wilson, A. A., District of Columbia, D. 
 
 Foreign Affairs; Fine Arts; World's Congresses. \ 
 
 Woodside, j. W., Pennsylvania, R. / ■ 
 
 Horticulture and Floriculture ; Mines and Mining ; World's Congresses, -j 
 
 Chairman. j 
 
 Woodward, T. J., Louisiana, R. 
 
 Fine Arts; Science, History, Literature, and Education; Commerce. ! 
 
 .Zeckendorf, W., Arizona, i>. ' | 
 Horticulture and Floriculture; Manufactures. 
 
i 
 
The World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 List of Officers, Commissioners, and Alternates. 
 
 President, 
 Thomas W. Palmer, of Michigan, R. 
 
 \st Vice-President, 
 
 Thos. IvI. Waller, of Connecticut, D. 
 
 2d Vice-President, 
 
 M. H. DE Young, of California, R. 
 
 3^ Vice-President^ 
 Davidson B. Penn, of Louisiana, D. 
 
 Uli Vice-President, 
 
 Gorton W. Allen, of New York, R. 
 
 Wi Vice-President, 
 
 Alexander B. Andrews, of North Carolina, D. 
 
 Secretary, 
 
 John T. Dickinson, of Texas, D. 
 
 Director-General, World's Columbian Exposition, 
 George R. Davis, of Illinois, R. 
 
 Vice- Chairman Executive Committee, 
 James A. McICenzie, of Kentucky, D. 
 
 COMMISSIONERS 
 
 Commissioners. 
 Augustus G. Bullock, D. 
 Worcester, Mass. 
 
 Gorton W. Allen. R. 
 
 Auburn, N. Y. 
 Peter A. B. Widener, R. 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 Thomas W. Palmer, R. 
 
 Detroit, Mich. 
 
 Richard C. Kerens, R. 
 St. Louis, Mo. 
 
 William Lindsay, D. 
 
 Frankfort, Ky. 
 
 Henry Exall, D. 
 
 Dallas, Tex. 
 
 ^lark L. McDonald, D. 
 Santa Rosa, Cal. 
 
 23 341 
 
 AT-LARGE. 
 
 Alternates. 
 
 Henry Ingalls, 
 
 Wiscasset, Me. 
 
 Louis Fitzgerald, 
 
 New York, N. Y. 
 
 John W. Chalfant, 
 
 Pittsburgh, Pa. 
 
 James Oliver, 
 
 South Bend, lud. 
 
 R. W. Furnas, 
 
 Brownville, Neb. 
 
 Patrick Walsh^ 
 
 Augusta, Ga. 
 
 H. C. King, 
 
 San Antonio, Tex. 
 
 Thomas Burke, 
 
 Seattle Wash. 
 
 List of Offi- 
 cers. Com- 
 missioners 
 and Alter- 
 nates. 
 
342 
 
 World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 List of Com- 
 missioners 
 and Alter- 
 nates. 
 
 COMMISSIONERS OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 
 
 Commissioners. 
 
 Alexander T. Britton, R. 
 
 "Washington. 
 Albert A. Wilson, D. 
 
 WasLin"rton. 
 
 Alternates. 
 E. Kurtz Johnson, 
 
 Washington. 
 Dorsey Clagett, 
 
 Washington. 
 
 COMMISSIONERS OF THE STATES. 
 Alabama. 
 
 Commissioners. 
 Frederick G. Bromberg, R. 
 
 Mobile. 
 Oscar R. Hundley, D. 
 
 Hunts ville. 
 
 John D. Adams, D. 
 
 Little Rock. 
 Lafayette Gregg, R. 
 
 Fayette ville. 
 
 Michel H. de Young, R. 
 
 San Francisco, 
 William Forsyth, D. 
 
 Fresno. 
 
 RoswellE. Goodell, D. 
 
 Leadville. 
 Frederick J. V. Skiff, R. 
 
 Denver. 
 
 Leverett Brainard, R. 
 Hartford. 
 * Thomas M. Waller, D. 
 New London. 
 
 George V. Massey, R. 
 Dover. 
 
 Willard Hall Porter, D. 
 Wilmiogton. 
 
 f Joseph Hirst, R, 
 Tampa. 
 Richard Turnbull, D. 
 
 Mouticello. 
 ♦And 16 Wall Street, New York City. 
 
 Arkansas. 
 
 California, 
 
 Colorado. 
 
 Connecticut, 
 
 Delaware. 
 
 Florida. 
 
 Alternates. 
 Gotthold L. Werth, 
 
 Montgomery. 
 William S. Hull, 
 Sheffield. 
 
 • 
 
 J. T. W. Tillar, 
 
 Little Rock. 
 
 Thomas H. Leslie, 
 Stuttgart. 
 
 George Hazleton, 
 
 San Francisco. 
 
 Russ D. Stephens, 
 
 Sacramento, 
 
 f Henry B. Gillespie, 
 Aspen. 
 O. C. French, 
 
 New W^indsor 
 
 Charles F. Brooker, 
 Torrington. 
 
 Charles R, Baldwin, 
 Waterbury. 
 
 Charles F. Richards, 
 Georgetown. 
 
 William Saulsbury, 
 Dover. 
 
 Dudley W. Adams, 
 Tangerine. 
 Jesse T. Bernard, 
 
 Tallahassee, 
 •♦•Present addri-88, Chicago, 
 
List of Commissioners and Alternates. 
 
 343 
 
 Commissioners. 
 
 Geobgia. 
 
 Alternates. 
 
 List of Com- 
 missioners 
 and Alter- 
 nates 
 
 Lafayette McLaws, R. 
 Savannah. 
 
 
 James Longstreet, 
 Gainesville. 
 
 
 Charlton 11. Way, D. 
 SaA^aunah. 
 
 Idaho. 
 
 John W. Clark, 
 Augusta. 
 
 
 George A. Manning, R. 
 Post Falls. 
 
 
 A. J. Crook, 
 
 Hailey. 
 
 
 John E. Stearns, D. 
 Nampa. 
 
 Illinois. 
 
 John M. Burke, 
 Wardner. 
 
 
 Charles H. Deere, R. 
 
 Moline. 
 
 
 La Fayette Funk, 
 Shirley. 
 
 
 Adlai T. Ewing, D. 
 
 38 Montauk Blk. 
 
 Chicago. 
 
 Indiana. 
 
 De Witt Smith, 
 
 Springfield. 
 
 
 Thomas E. Garvin, D. 
 
 Evansville. 
 Elijah B. Martindale, R. 
 
 Indianapolis. 
 
 William I. Buchanan, D. 
 Sioux city. 
 
 William F. King, R. 
 Mt. Vernon. 
 
 Charles K. Holliday, Jr., D. 
 Topeka. 
 
 Reese R. Price, R. 
 
 Hutchinson. 
 
 John Bennett, R. 
 Richmond, 
 f James A. McKenzie, D. 
 Oak Grove. 
 
 Davidson B. Penn, D. 
 Newell I on. 
 
 Thomas J. Woodward, R. 
 New Orleans. 
 
 Augustus R Bixby, R. 
 
 Skowhegan. 
 William G. Davis, D. 
 
 Portland, 
 t Present address, Chicago. 
 
 Iowa. 
 
 *William E. McLean, 
 Terre Haute. 
 Charles M. Trevis, 
 
 Crawfordsville. 
 
 Joseph Eiboeck, 
 
 Des Moines. 
 
 Kansas. 
 
 E^ENTUCKY. 
 
 Louisiana. 
 
 John Hayes, 
 
 Red Oak. 
 
 J. F. Thompson, 
 Sabetha. 
 
 Frank W. Lanyon, 
 Pittsburg. 
 
 David N. Comingore, 
 Covington. 
 
 John S. Morris, 
 
 Louisville. 
 
 Alphonse Le Due, 
 
 New Orleans. 
 
 P. J. McMalion, 
 
 Tangipahoa. 
 
 Maine. 
 
 James A. Board man, 
 Bangor. 
 
 Clark S. Edwards, 
 Bethel. 
 * 1110 F street, Washington, D. C. 
 
344 World's 
 
 Columbian Commission. 
 
 List of Cam- 
 mlssioners 
 
 nates/^^'^' Commissioners. 
 
 Maryland. 
 
 Alter ridtes. 
 
 James Hodges, D. 
 
 Baltimore. 
 Lloyd Lowndes, R. 
 
 Cumberland. 
 
 Massachusetts. 
 
 George M. Upshur, 
 Snow Hill. 
 
 Daniel E. Conkling, 
 Baltimore. 
 
 Francis W. Breed, R. 
 
 Lynn. 
 Thomas E. Proctor, D. 
 
 Boston. 
 
 Michigan. 
 
 George P. Ladd, 
 
 Spencer. 
 Albert C. Haughton, 
 
 North Adams. 
 
 M. Henry Lane, R. 
 
 Kalamazoo. 
 Charles H. Richmond, D 
 
 Ann Arbor. 
 
 Minnesota. 
 
 Ernest B. Fisher, 
 
 Grand Rapids, 
 George H. Barbour, 
 
 Detroit. 
 
 Matthew B. Harrison, D, 
 
 Duluth. 
 Orson V. Tousley, R. 
 
 Minneapolis. 
 
 Mississippi. 
 
 Thomas C. Kurtz, 
 Moorhead. 
 
 Lewis P. Hunt, 
 Mankota. 
 
 Joseph M. Bynum, R. 
 
 Rienzi. 
 Robert L. Saunders, J). 
 
 Jackson. 
 
 Missouri. 
 
 Fred W. Collins, 
 Summit. 
 
 Joseph H. Brinker, 
 West Point. 
 
 Thomas B. Bullene, R. 
 
 Kansas City. 
 Charles H. Jones, I). 
 
 St. Louis. 
 
 Montana. 
 
 0. H. Richer, 
 Joplin. 
 
 R. L. McDonald, 
 St. Joseph. 
 
 Lewis H. Hershfield, R. 
 Helena. 
 
 
 Benjamin F. White, 
 Dillon. 
 
 Armistead H. Mitchell, D. 
 Deer Lodge City. 
 
 Nebraska. 
 
 Timothy E. Collins, 
 Great Falls. 
 
 Euclid Martin, D. 
 Omaha. 
 
 
 William L. May, 
 Fremont. 
 
 Albert G. Scott, R. 
 Kearney. 
 
 Nevada. 
 
 John Lauterbach, 
 Fairbury. 
 
 James W. Haines, R. 
 Genoa. 
 
 George Russell, D. 
 Elko. 
 
 
 Enoch Strother, 
 
 Virginia City. 
 Richard Ryland, 
 
 Reno. 
 
List of Commissioners and Alternates, 
 
 New Hampshire. 
 
 345 
 
 Commissioners. 
 
 
 Alternates. 
 
 Walter Aiken, B. 
 
 
 George VanDyke, 
 
 Franklin. 
 
 
 Lancaster. 
 
 Charles D. ]McDuffie, R. 
 
 
 Frank E. Kaley, 
 
 Manchester. 
 
 New Jersey. 
 
 Milfoil. 
 
 William J. Sewell, R. 
 
 
 Frederick S. Fish, 
 
 Camden. 
 
 
 Newark. 
 
 Thomas Smith, B. 
 
 
 Edwin A. Stevens, 
 
 Newark . 
 
 New York. 
 
 Hoboken. 
 
 Chauncey M. Depew, R. 
 
 
 James H. Breslin, 
 
 New York. 
 
 
 New York. 
 
 John Boyd Thacher, D. 
 
 
 James Roosevelt, 
 
 Albany. 
 
 North Carolina 
 
 Hyde Park. 
 
 Alexander B. Andrews, D. 
 
 
 Elias Carr, 
 
 Raleigh. 
 
 
 Old Sparta. 
 
 Thomas B. Keogh, R. 
 
 
 G. A. Bingham, 
 
 Greensboro. 
 
 North Dakota. 
 
 Salisbury. 
 
 H. P. Rucker, R. 
 
 
 Charles H. Stanley, 
 
 Grand Forks. 
 
 
 Steele. 
 
 f Martin Ryan, I). 
 
 
 Peter Cameron, 
 
 Fargo. 
 
 Ohio. 
 
 Tyner. 
 
 Harvey P. Piatt, I). 
 
 
 Lucius C. Cron, 
 
 Toledo. 
 
 
 Piqua. 
 
 William Ritchie, R. 
 
 
 Adolph Pluemer, 
 
 Hamilton. 
 
 Oregon. 
 
 Cincinnati. 
 
 Henry Klippel, D. 
 
 
 J. L. Morrow, 
 
 Jacksonville. 
 
 
 Heppner. 
 
 Martin Wilkins, R. 
 
 
 W. T. Wright, 
 
 Eugene City. 
 
 Pennsylvania. 
 
 Union. 
 
 William McClelland, J). 
 
 
 R. Bruce Ricketts, 
 
 Pittsburgh. 
 
 
 Wilkes Barre 
 
 John W. Woodside, R. 
 
 
 John K. Hallock, 
 
 Philadelphia. 
 
 Rhode Island. 
 
 Erie. 
 
 Lyman B. Goff, R. 
 
 
 Jeffrey Hazard, 
 
 Pawtucket. 
 
 
 Providence. 
 
 Gardiner C. Sims, D. 
 
 
 Lorillard Spencer, 
 
 Providence. 
 
 
 Newport. 
 
 List of Coin- 
 mlssionera 
 and Alter- 
 nates. 
 
 + Present address, Chicago. 
 
346 
 
 World^s Columbian Commission. 
 
 List of Com- 
 missioners 
 
 antiAiter- Commissioners. 
 nates. 
 
 A. P. Butler, D. 
 
 South Carollna 
 
 Alternates. 
 E. L. Roche, 
 
 Columbia. 
 
 
 Charleston. 
 
 John R. Cochran, B. 
 
 . 
 
 J. W. Tindell, 
 
 Anderson. 
 
 South Dakota. 
 
 Sumter. 
 
 Merritt H. Day, B. 
 
 
 S. A. Ramsey, 
 
 Rapid City. 
 
 
 Woonsocket. 
 
 William Mclntyre, R. 
 
 
 L. S. Bullard, 
 
 Watertown. 
 
 Tennessee. 
 
 Pierre. 
 
 Louis T. Baxter, R. 
 
 
 Rush Strong, 
 
 Nashville. 
 
 
 Knoxville. 
 
 Thomas L. Williams, D. 
 
 
 fA. B. Hurt, 
 
 Knoxville. 
 
 Texas. 
 
 Chattanooga. 
 
 Archelaus 31. Cochran, R. 
 
 
 Lock 3IcDaniel, 
 
 Dallas. 
 
 
 xVnderson. 
 
 f John T. Dickinson, D. 
 
 
 Henry B. Andrews, 
 
 Austin. 
 
 Vermont. 
 
 San Antonio. 
 
 Henry H. Mclntyre, R. 
 
 
 t Aldace F. Walker, 
 
 AVest Randolph. 
 
 
 Rutland. 
 
 Bradley B. Smalley, D. 
 
 
 Hiram Atkins, 
 
 Burlington. 
 
 Virginia. 
 
 Montpelier. 
 
 Virginius D. Groner, R. 
 
 
 Charles A. Heermans, 
 
 Norfolk. 
 
 
 Christiansburg. 
 
 John T. Harris, D. 
 
 
 Alexander McDonald, 
 
 Harrisonburg. 
 
 Washington. 
 
 Lynchburg. 
 
 Henry Drum, D. 
 
 
 William Bingham, 
 
 Tacoma. 
 
 
 Cheney. 
 
 Charles B. Hopkins, R. 
 
 
 Clarence B. Bagley, 
 
 Spokane Falls. 
 
 West Virginia. 
 
 Seattle. 
 
 James D. Butt, R. 
 
 
 Wellington Vrooman, 
 
 Harper's Ferry. 
 
 
 Parkcrsburg. 
 
 J. W. St. Clair, Z>. 
 
 
 John A. Corcoran, 
 
 Fayetteville. 
 
 WlSCONSW. 
 
 Wheeling. 
 
 Philip Allen, Jr., R. 
 
 
 Gustavus E. Gordon, 
 
 Mineral Point. 
 
 
 Koshkouong. 
 
 John L. Mitchell, D. 
 
 
 Myron Reed, 
 
 Milwaukee. 
 
 
 Superior. 
 
 + Chicago. 
 
 
 % Rookery Building, Chicago. 
 
List of Commissioners and Alternates. 
 
 347 
 
 Commissioners. 
 
 Wyoming. 
 
 Alternates. 
 
 LIstof Com 
 miSBloners 
 uDd Alter- 
 nates. 
 
 Asahel C. Beckwith, B. 
 Evanston. 
 
 Henry G. Udj, R. 
 Cheyenne. 
 
 TERRITORIES 
 Arizona. 
 
 Asa S. Mercer, 
 
 Cheyenne. 
 
 John J. McCormick, 
 Sheridan. 
 
 
 Commissioners 
 
 
 Alternates. 
 
 
 George F. Coats, K. 
 
 Plutnix. 
 William Zeekendorf, D. 
 
 Tucson. 
 
 New Mexico. 
 
 W. L. Van Horn, 
 Flagstaff. 
 
 Herbert H. Logan, 
 Phoenix. 
 
 
 Thomas C. Gutierres, D. 
 Albuquerque. 
 
 Richard Mansfield White. R. 
 Hermosa. Sierra Co. 
 
 Oklahoma. 
 
 L. C. Tetard, 
 
 East Las Vegas. 
 
 Charles B. Eddy, 
 Eddy. 
 
 - 
 
 Otlmiel Beeson, D. 
 Reno City. 
 
 John D. Miles. R. 
 Kingfisher. 
 
 Utah. 
 
 John Wallace, 
 
 Oklahoma City. 
 
 Joseph W. McNeal, 
 Guthrie. 
 
 
 Frederick J. Kiesel, D. 
 Ogden. 
 
 Patrick H. Lannan, R. 
 Salt Lake City. 
 
 
 William M. Ferry, 
 Park City. 
 
 Charles Crane, 
 
 Kanosh. 
 
 
LIST OF OFFICERS 
 
 OF THE 
 
 Board of Lady Managers 
 
 OF THE 
 
 World's Columl3iaii Commission. 
 
 President, 
 Mrs, Potter Palmer, of Chicago. 
 
 Ist Vice-President, 
 Mrs. Kai.pii Trautmanx, of Now York. 
 
 2d Vice-President , 
 !Mrs, Edwin C. Burleigh, of Maine. 
 
 3f/ Vice-President , 
 Mrs. Charles Price, of North Carolina. 
 
 Ath Vice-President, 
 Miss Katherine L. Minor, of Louisiana. 
 
 5^// Vice-President, 
 Mrs. Beriah Wilkins, of the District of Columbia. 
 
 6^// Vice-President, 
 Mrs. Susan R. Ashley, of Colorado. 
 
 1th Vice-President, 
 Mrs. Flora Beall Ginty, of Wisconsin. 
 
 ^th Vice-President, 
 Mrs. Margaret Blaine Salisbury, of Utah. 
 
 Vice- Preside tit-iit- Larye, 
 Mrs. ItussELL B. IIahhison, of Montana. 
 
 Secretary, 
 Miss Phokiie W. Couzins, of Missouri. 
 
 348' 
 
LIST OF 
 
 Lady Managers and Their Alternates. 
 
 
 NOMINATED BY 
 
 Lady Managers. 
 
 COMMISSIONERS-AT-LARGE. 
 
 Lady Altertiates. 
 
 Lady Mana- 
 gers and 
 Alternates 
 
 Mrs. 
 
 D. F. Verdenal, 
 
 
 Mrs. Ben C. Truman, 
 
 
 Mrs. 
 
 New York City, N. 
 Mary Cecil Cantrill, 
 
 Y. 
 
 Los Angeles, Cal. 
 Mrs. Nancy Huston Banks, 
 
 
 Mrs. 
 
 Georgetown, Ky. 
 Mary S. Lockwood, 
 Washington, D. C. 
 
 
 Morganfield, Ky. 
 Mrs. James B. Stone, 
 
 Worcester, Mass. 
 
 
 Mrs. 
 
 John J. Bagley, 
 Detroit, Mich. 
 
 
 Mrs. Schuyler Colfax, 
 
 South Bend, Ind. 
 
 
 Miss 
 
 Ellen A. Ford, 
 New York City. 
 
 
 Mrs. Helen A. Peck, 
 
 Kansas City, Mo. 
 
 
 Mrs. 
 
 Mary S. Harrison, 
 Helena, Montana. 
 
 
 Miss Caroline E. Dennis, 
 Auburn, N. Y. 
 
 
 Mrs. 
 
 Ida A. Elkins Tyler, 
 
 
 Mrs. Geo. R. Yarrow, 
 
 
 Mrs. 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 Rosine Ryan, 
 Austin, Texas. 
 
 
 Philadelphia, Pa. 
 Mrs. Lilla C. Baxter, 
 
 Navasota, Texas. 
 
 
 BY COMMISSIONERS FROM THE STATES. 
 
 Alabama. 
 
 Lady Managers. Lady Alternates. 
 
 Miss Hattie Toney Hundley, Miss Sallie Talula Smith, 
 
 Birmingham. 
 Mrs. Louise L. Werth, 
 Montgomery. 
 
 Arkansas. 
 
 Mrs. Mary Gray Dunlap Rogers, 
 
 Fort Smith. 
 Mrs. Wm. B. Empie, 
 
 Newport. 
 
 California. 
 
 Mrs. Theresa Fair, 
 
 San Francisco. 
 Mrs. Frona E. Wait, 
 San Francisco. 
 349 
 
 Mooresville. 
 Mrs. Anna M. Fosdick, 
 Mobile. 
 
 Mrs. James P. Eagle, 
 
 Little Rock. 
 Mrs. Rollin A. Edgerton, 
 
 Little Rock. 
 
 Mrs. Parthenia P. Rue, 
 Santa Rosa. 
 
 Mrs. James R. Deane, 
 San Francisco. 
 
350 
 
 World^s Columhian Commission. 
 
 Lady Managers. 
 
 Miss Mary A. Samson, 
 
 Pueblo. 
 Mrs. Susan R. Ashley, 
 
 Denver. 
 
 Colorado. 
 
 Lady Alternates. 
 
 Mrs. Robt J. Coleman, 
 Buena Vista. 
 
 Mrs. M. D. Thatcher, 
 Pueblo. 
 
 Miss Frances S. Ives, 
 
 New Haven. 
 Mrs. Isabella Beecher Hooker, 
 
 Hartford. 
 
 Connecticut. 
 
 Mrs. Amelia B. Hinman, 
 Stevenson. 
 
 Mrs. Virginia T. Smith, 
 Hartford. 
 
 Delaware. 
 
 Mrs. Mary Richards Kinder, 
 
 Milford. 
 Mrs. J. Frank Ball, 
 
 Wilminofton. 
 
 Mrs. Mary E. Torbert, 
 
 Milford. 
 Mrs. Theodore F. Armstrong, 
 
 Newark. 
 
 Florida. 
 
 Mrs. Mary C. Bell, 
 
 Gainesville. 
 Miss E. Nellie Beck, 
 
 Tampa. 
 
 Mrs. Wm. H. Felton, 
 
 Cartersville. 
 Mrs. Charles H. Olmstead, 
 
 Savannah. 
 
 Mrs. Lena Shoup, 
 
 Boise City. 
 Mrs. Joseph C. Straughan, 
 
 Boise City. 
 
 Mrs. Richard J. Oglesby, 
 
 Elkhart. 
 Mrs. Frances Welles Shepard, 
 
 Chicago. 
 
 Miss Wilhelmine Reitz, 
 
 Evansville. 
 Mrs. Virginia C. Meredith, 
 
 Cambridge City. 
 
 Mrs. Chloe Merrick Reed, 
 South Jacksonville. 
 
 Mrs. H, K. Ingram, 
 Jacksonville. 
 
 Georgia. 
 
 Idaho. 
 
 Miss Meta Telfair McLaws, 
 
 Augusta. 
 Mrs. Geo. W. Lamar, 
 
 Savannah. 
 
 Mrs. Anna E. M. Farnum, 
 
 Post Falls. 
 Mrs. Ella Ray Miller, 
 
 Blackfoot. 
 
 Illinois. 
 
 Mrs. Marcia Louise Gould, 
 
 Moline. 
 Mrs. Frances Bundy Phillips, 
 
 Bioomington. 
 
 Indiana. 
 
 Miss Susan W. Ball, 
 Terre Haute. 
 
 *Miss Mary H. Krout, 
 Crawfordsville. 
 
 * Chicago, 111. 
 
Lady Managers and their Alternates. 
 
 351 
 
 Iowa. 
 
 Lady Managers. 
 Mrs. Whiting S. Clark, 
 
 Des Moines. 
 Miss Ora Elizabeth Miller, 
 
 Cedar Rapids. 
 
 Mrs. Jennie S. Mitchell, 
 
 Fort Scott. 
 Mrs. Hester A. Hanback, 
 
 Osborne. 
 
 Miss Jean W. Faulkner, 
 
 Lancaster. 
 Miss Cora D. Payne, 
 
 Henderson. 
 
 KanSlAS. 
 
 Lady Alternates. 
 
 Mrs. Ira F. Hendricks, 
 Council Bluffs. 
 
 Miss Mary B. Hancock, 
 Dubuque. 
 
 Mrs. Sara Blair Lynch, 
 Leavenworth. 
 
 Mrs. Jane H. Haynes, 
 Fort Scott. 
 
 Lady Mana- 
 gers and 
 Alternates 
 
 Kentucky. 
 
 Miss Sarah F. Holt, 
 
 Frankfort. 
 Mrs. Alice B. Castleman, 
 
 Louisville. 
 
 Louisiana. 
 
 Miss Katherine L. Minor, 
 
 Houma. 
 Miss Josephine Shakspeare, 
 
 New Orleans. 
 
 Mrs. Edwin C. Burleigh, 
 
 Augusta. 
 Mrs. L. M. N. Stevens, 
 
 Portland. 
 
 Mrs. Bowling S. Leathers, 
 
 New Orleans. 
 Mrs. Belle Hamilton Perkins, 
 
 New Orleans. 
 
 Maine. 
 
 Mrs. Sarah H. Bixby, 
 
 Skowhegan. 
 Miss Kate Hutchins Locke, 
 
 Bethel. 
 
 Maryi^and. 
 
 Mrs. William Reed, Mrs. Mary M. Birckhead, 
 Baltim.ore. Baltimore. 
 
 Mrs. Alexander Thomson, Miss Eloise Roman, 
 Mount Savage. Cumberland. 
 
 Massachusetts. 
 
 Mrs. Rufus S. Frost, 
 
 Chelsea. 
 Mrs. Jonas H. French, 
 
 Boston. 
 
 Mrs. Alice Freeman Palmer, 
 
 Cambridge. 
 Miss Mary Crease Sears, 
 Boston. 
 
 Michigan. 
 
 Mrs. Eliza J. Pendry Howes, Mrs. Frances P. Burrows, 
 
 Battle Creek. Kalamazoo. 
 
 Mrs. Sarah S. C. Angell, Miss Anna M. Cutcheon, 
 
 Ann Arbor. Detroit. 
 
352 
 
 Lad}- Mana- 
 
 fers and 
 .Iternatcs 
 
 World^s Columbian Commission. 
 Minnesota. . 
 
 Lady Manage?'s. 
 
 Mrs. Mary Allen Hulbert, 
 
 Duluth. 
 Mrs. H. F. Brown, 
 
 Minneapolis. 
 
 Mrs. James W. Lee, 
 
 Aberdeen. 
 Mrs. John M. Stone, 
 
 luka. 
 
 Lady Alter?tates. 
 
 Mrs. Francis B. Clarke, 
 
 St. Paul. 
 Mrs. M. M. Williams, 
 
 Little Falls. 
 
 Mississippi. 
 
 Mrs. George M. Buchanan, 
 
 Holly Sprmgs. 
 Miss Varina Davis, 
 Beauvoir. 
 
 Missouri. 
 Miss Phoebe Couzins, LL.B., Mrs. Patti Moore, 
 
 St. Louis. Kansas City. 
 
 Miss Lillian Mason Brown, Mrs. Annie L. Y. Swart, 
 
 Kirkwood. St. Louis. 
 
 Montana. 
 Mrs. Henry Knippenberg, Mrs. Frank L. Worden, 
 
 Glendale. Missoula. 
 
 Mrs. Lily Rosecrans Toole, Mrs. Mariam D. Cooper, 
 
 Helena. Bozeman. 
 
 Nebraska. 
 
 Mrs. John S. Briggs, Mrs. M. A. B. Martin, 
 Omaha. Broken Bow. 
 
 Mrs. Elizabeth C. Langworthy, Mrs. Lana A. Bates, 
 Seward. Aurora. 
 
 Nevada. 
 
 Miss Eliza M. Russell, 
 
 Elko. 
 Mrs. Ellen M. Stevenson, 
 
 Carson City. 
 
 Miss Mary E. Davies, 
 
 Genoa. 
 Mrs. M. D. Foley, 
 
 Reno. 
 
 New Hampshire. 
 
 Mrs. Mira B. F. Ladd, 
 Lancaster. 
 
 Mrs. Daniel Hall, 
 Dover. 
 
 Miss Mary E. Busselle, 
 
 Newark. 
 Mrs. Martha B. Stevens, 
 
 Hoboken. 
 
 Mrs. Frank H. Daniell, 
 Franklin Falls. 
 
 Miss Ellen J. Cole, 
 Lake Village. 
 
 New Jersey. 
 
 Mrs. Amanda M. Smith, 
 Newark. 
 
Lady Managers and their Alternates. 
 
 New York. 
 
 353 
 
 Lady Managers. 
 Mrs. Ralph Trautmann, 
 
 New York City. 
 Mrs. Lloyd Bryce, 
 
 New York City. 
 
 Lady Alternates. 
 
 Mrs. John Pope, 
 
 New York City, 
 
 Mrs. W. Bourke Cockran, 
 New York City. 
 
 North Carolina.- 
 
 Lady Mana- 
 gers and 
 Alternates 
 
 Mrs. George Wilson Kidder, 
 
 Wilmington. 
 Mrs. Charles Price, 
 
 Salisbury 
 
 Mrs. Sallie S. Cotten, 
 
 Falkland. 
 Miss Virginia Stella Divine, 
 
 Wilmington. 
 
 North Dakota. 
 
 Mrs. S. W. McLaughlin, 
 Grand Forks. 
 
 Mrs. W. B. McConnell, 
 Fargo. 
 
 Mrs. Mary A. Hart, 
 
 Cincinnati. 
 Mrs, Walter Hartpence, 
 
 Harrison. 
 
 Mrs. E. W. Allen, 
 Portland. 
 
 Mrs. Mary Payton, 
 Salem. 
 
 Ohio. 
 
 Mrs. Alice Vineyard Brown, 
 
 Lisbon. 
 Mrs. Frances Chamberlain Holley, 
 
 Bismarck. 
 
 Mrs. Harriet Taylor Upton, 
 
 Warren. 
 Mrs. Asa S. Bushnell, 
 
 Springfield. 
 
 Oregon. 
 
 Mrs. Anna R. Riggs, 
 
 Portland. 
 Mrs. Hattie E. Sladden, 
 
 Eugene City. 
 
 Pennsylvania. 
 
 Miss Mary Elliott McCandless, Mrs. Samuel Plumer, 
 
 Pittsburgh. Franklin. 
 
 Mrs. Harriet Anne Lucas, Mrs. W. S. Elkins, 
 
 Philadelphia. Philadelphia. 
 
 Rhode Island. 
 
 Mrs. Amey M. Starkweather, Mrs. George A. Mumford, 
 
 Pawtucket. Pawtucket. 
 
 Miss Charlotte Field Dailey, Miss Loraine Pearce Bucklin, 
 
 Providence. Providence. 
 
 South Carolina. 
 
 Mrs. Mary Preston Darby, V've. J. S. R. Thomson, 
 
 Columbia. Spartanburg. 
 
 Mrs. Ellery M. Brayton, Miss Carrie A. Perry, 
 
 Columbia. Walhalla. 
 
354 World^s Columbian Commission. 
 
 LadyMana- SOUTH DAKOTA. 
 
 gcTs and 
 
 Alternates ^^^^ Maiiagers. Lady Alteriiates. 
 
 Mrs. John R. Wilson, Mrs. Minnie Daniels, 
 Dead wood. Watertown. 
 
 Mrs. Helen Morton Barker, Mrs. Marie J. Gaston, 
 Huron. Deadvvood. 
 
 Tennessee. 
 
 Mrs. Laura Gillespie, Mrs. Carrington Mason, 
 Nashville. Memphis. 
 
 Mrs. Susan Gale Cooke, Mrs. Bessie Bowen McClung, 
 Knoxville. Knoxville. 
 
 Texas. 
 
 Mrs. Ida Loving Turner, Miss Hallie Earle Harrison, 
 Fort Worth. Waco. 
 
 Mrs. Mary A. Cochran, Mrs. Kate Cawthon McDaniel, 
 Dallas. Anderson. 
 
 Vermont. 
 
 Mrs. Ellen M. Chandler, Mrs. Minna G. Hooker, 
 Pomfret. , Brattleboro. 
 
 Mrs. Elizabeth V. Grinnell, Mrs. Theresa J. Cochrane, 
 
 Burlington. , Groton. 
 
 Virginia. 
 
 Mrs. John Sergeant Wise, 
 
 Richmond. 
 Mrs. K. S. G. Paul, Miss Mattie P. Harris, 
 
 Harrisonburgh. Staunton. 
 
 Washington. 
 
 Mrs. Melissa D. Owings, Mrs. Chauncey Wright Griggs, 
 Olympia. Tacoma. 
 
 Mrs. Alice Houghton, Miss Josephine Helen Stinson, 
 Spokane Falls. Colfax. 
 
 West Virginia. 
 
 Mrs. W. Newton Linch, Mrs. George W. Z. Black, 
 Martinsburg. Halltown. 
 
 Miss Lily Irene Jackson, Miss Annie M. Mahan, 
 Parkersburg. Fayetteville. 
 
 Wisconsin. 
 
 Mrs. Flora Beall Ginty, Mrs. Sam S. Fifield, 
 Chippewa Falls. Ashland. 
 
 Mrs. William P. Lynde, Mrs. J. Montgomery Smith, 
 Milwaukee. Mineral Point. 
 
Lad If Managers and their Alternates. 
 
 355 
 
 Wyoming. 
 
 Lady Alternates. 
 
 Mrs. Elizabeth A. Stone, 
 
 Evanston. 
 Miss Gertrude M. Huntington, 
 
 Saratoga. 
 
 Lady Managers. 
 
 Mrs. F. H. Harrison, 
 
 Evanston. 
 Mrs. Frances E. Hale, 
 Cheyenne. 
 
 BY COMMISSIONERS FROM THE TERRITORIES. 
 
 Arizona. 
 Mrs. Thomas J. Butler, Mrs. George Hoxworth, 
 
 Prescott. Flagstaff. 
 
 Miss Laurette Lovell, Mrs. H. J. Peto, 
 
 Tucson. Tombstone. 
 
 New Mexico. 
 
 Mrs. Franc Luse Albright, 
 
 Albuquerque. 
 Mrs. Edward L. Bartlett, Mrs. Louise Dakin Campbell, 
 
 Santa Fe. Eddy. 
 
 Oklahoma. 
 
 Lady Mana- 
 gers and 
 Alternates 
 
 Mrs. Marie P. Harmon Beeson, 
 
 Reno City. 
 Mrs. Lucy D. Miles, 
 
 Kingfisher. 
 
 Utah. 
 Mrs. Thomas A. Whalen, 
 
 Ogden. 
 Mrs. Margaret Blaine Salisbury, 
 
 Salt Lake City. 
 
 Mrs. Julia Wallace, 
 
 Oklahoma City. 
 
 Mrs. Mary S. McNeal, 
 Guthrie. 
 
 Mrs. Susie B. Emery, 
 Park City. 
 
 Miss Maggie Keogh, 
 Salt Lake City. 
 
 BY COMMISSIONERS FROM THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA. 
 
 Mrs. Emma Dean Powell, 
 Washington. 
 
 Mrs. John A. Logan, 
 Washington. 
 
 Mrs. Beriah Wilkins, 
 Washington. 
 
 Miss Emma C. Wimsatt, 
 Washington. 
 
 BY THE PRESIDENT, FROM THE CITY OF CHICAGO. 
 
 Mrs. Bertha M. Honors Palmer. 
 Mrs. Solomon Thatcher, Jr. 
 Mrs. Jennie Sanford Lewis. 
 Mrs. James A. Mulligan. 
 Frances Dickinson, M. D. 
 Mrs. M. R. M. Wallace. 
 Mrs. Myra Bradwell. 
 Mrs. James R. Doolittle, Jr. 
 Mrs. Matilda B. Carse. 
 
 Miss Sara T. Hallowell. 
 Mrs. George L. Dunlap. 
 Mrs. L. Brace Shattuck. 
 Mrs. Annie C. Meyers. 
 Martha H. Ten Eyck. 
 Mrs. Margaret Isabelle Sandes. 
 Mrs. Leander Stone. 
 Mrs. Gen'l A. L. Chetlain. 
 Frances E. Willard. 
 
Board of Control and Management 
 
 OF THE 
 
 United States Government Exhibit. 
 
 jVIr. Edwin Willits, Chairman. 
 
 Seyellon a. Brown, Chief Clerk of the Department of State, to represent that 
 department. 
 
 Allured B. Nettleton, Assistant Secretary of the Treasury, to represent the 
 Treasury Department. 
 
 Major Clifton Comly, U. S. A., to represent the War Department. 
 
 Captain R. W. Meade, U, S. N., to represent the Navy Department. 
 
 A. D. Hazen, Third Assistant Postmaster-General, to represent the Post Office 
 Department. 
 
 Horace A. Taylor, Commissioner of Railroads, to represent the Department of the 
 Interior. 
 
 Elijah C. Foster, General Agent of the Department of Justice, to represent that 
 department. 
 
 Edwin Willits, Assistant Secretary of Agriculture, to represent the Department of 
 Agriculture. 
 
 Professor G. Brown Goode, Assistant Secretary Smithsonian Institution, to 
 represent that institution and the National Museum. 
 
 J. W. Collins, Assistant-in-Charge Division of Fisheries, to represent the United 
 States Fish Commission. 
 24 
 
 357 
 
ACT OF CONGRESS 
 
 CREATING THE 
 
 World's Columbian Commission 
 
 An act to provide for celebrating the four hundredth anniversary of the dis- "^^^ ^^^ °^ 
 covery of America by Christopher Columbus by holding; an international 
 exhibition of arts, industries, manufactures, and the product of the soil, 
 mine, and sea, in the City of Chicago, in the State of Illinois. 
 
 Whereas, It is fit and appropriate that the four hundredth anniver- 
 sary of the discovery of America be commemorated by an exhibition of 
 the resources of the United States of America, their development, and of 
 the progress of civilization in the New World; and. 
 
 Whereas, Such an exhibition should be of a national and interna- 
 tional character, so that not only the people of our Union and this Conti- 
 nent, but those of all nations as well, can participate, and should there- 
 fore have the sanction of the Congress of the United States; therefore, 
 
 Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United 
 States of America in Congress assembled. That an exhibition of arts, indus- 
 tries, manufactures, and products of the soil, mine, and sea shall be inau- 
 gurated in the year eighteen hundred and ninety-two, in the City of Chi- 
 cago, in the State of Illinois, as hereinafter provided. 
 
 Sec. 2. That a Commission, to consist of two Commissioners from 
 each State and Territory of the United States and from the District of 
 Columbia and eight Commissioners-at-Large, is hereby constituted to be 
 designated as the World's Columbian Commission. 
 
 Sec. 3. That said Commissioners, two. from each State and Terri- 
 tory, shall be appointed within thirty days from the passage of this act 
 by the President of the United States, on the nomination of the Govern- 
 ors of the States and Territories, respectively, and by the President eight 
 Commissioners-at-Large and two from the District of Columbia; and in the 
 same manner and within the same time there shall be appointed two alter- 
 nate Commissioners from each State and Territory of the United States 
 
 359 
 
360 World^s Columbian Commission. 
 
 The Act of and the District of Columbia and eight alternate Commissioners-at-Larofe, 
 
 Congreas. ... - . . 
 
 who shall assume and perform the duties of such Commissioner or Com- 
 missioners as may be unable to attend the meetings of the said Commission; 
 and in such nominations and appointments each of the two leading polit- 
 ical parties shall be equally represented. Vacancies in the Commission 
 nominated by the Governors of the several States and Territories, 
 respectively, and also vacancies in the Commission-at-Large and from the 
 District of Columbia may be filled in the same manner and under the 
 same conditions as provided herein for their original appointment. 
 
 Sec. 4. That the Secretary of State of the United States shall, im- 
 mediately after the passage of this act, notify the Governors of the several 
 States and Territories, respectively, thereof and request such nomina- 
 tions to be made. The Commissioners so appointed shall be called to- 
 gether by the Secretary of State of the United States in the City of Chi- 
 cago, by notice to the Commissioners, as soon as convenient after the 
 appointment of said Commissioners, and within thirty days thereafter. 
 The said Commissioners, at said first meeting, shall organize by the elec- 
 tion of such officers and the appointment of such Committees as they 
 may deem expedient, and for this purpose the Commissioners present at 
 said meeting shall constitute a quorum. 
 
 Sec. 5. That said Commission be empowered in its discretion cG 
 accept for the purposes of the World's Columbian Exposition such site as 
 may be selected and offered and such plans and specifications of build- 
 ings to be erected for such purpose at the expense of and tendered by the 
 corporation organized under the laws of the State of Illinois, known as 
 "The World's Exposition of eighteen hundred and ninety-two:" Pro- 
 vided, That said site so tendered and the buildings proposed to be erected 
 thereon shall be deemed by said Commission adequate to the purposes of 
 said Exposition: And provided, That said Commission shall be satisfied 
 that the said corporation has an actual bona fide and valid subscription 
 to its capital stock which will secure the payment of at least five millions 
 
 /of dollars, of which not less than five hundred thousand dollars shall have 
 been paid in, and that the further sum of five million dollars, making in 
 all ten million dollars, will be provided by said corporation in ample time 
 for its needful use during the prosecution of the work for the complete 
 preparation for said Exposition. 
 
 Sec. 6. That the said Commission shall allot space for exhibitors, 
 prepare a classification of exhibits, determine the plan and scope of the 
 Exposition, and shall appoint all judges and examiners for the Exposition, 
 award all premiums, if any, and generally have charge of all intercourse 
 with the exhibitors and the representatives of foreign nations. And 
 said Commission is authorized and required to appoint a Board of Lady 
 Managers of such number and to perform such duties as may be pre- 
 scribed by said Commission. Said Board may appoint one or more mem- 
 
/ 
 
 The Act of Congress. 3G1 
 
 bers of all committees authorized to award prizes for exhibits which mayihe Ae« ox 
 
 •' Congreaa. 
 
 be produced in whole or in part by female labor. 
 
 Sec. 7. That after the plans for said Exposition shall be prepared 
 by said corporation and approved by said Commission, the rules and regu- 
 lations of said corporation governing rates for entrance and admission 
 fees, or otherwise affecting the rights, privileges, or interests of the 
 exhibitors or of the public, shall be fixed or established by said corpor- 
 ation, subject, however, to such modification, if any, as may be imposed 
 by a majority of said Commissioners. 
 
 Sec. 8. That the President is hereby empowered and directed to 
 hold a naval review in New York Harbor, in April, eighteen hundred and 
 ninety-three, and to extend to foreign nations an invitation to send ships 
 of war to join the United States Navy in rendezvous at Hampton Roads 
 and proceed thence to said review. 
 
 Sec. 9. That said Commission shall provide for the dedication of 
 the buildings of the World's Columbian Exposition in said City of Chi- 
 cago on the twelfth day of October, eighteen hundred and ninety-two, 
 with appropriate ceremonies, and said Exposition shall be open to visitors 
 not later than the first day of May, eighteen hundred and ninety-three, 
 and shall be closed at such time as the Commission may determine, but 
 not later than the thirtieth day of October thereafter. 
 
 Sec. 10. That whenever the President of the United States shall be 
 notified by the Commission that provision has been made for grounds 
 and buildings for the uses herein provided for, and there has also been 
 filed with him by the said corporation, known as " The World's Exposi- 
 tion of eighteen hundred and ninety-two," satisfactory proof that a sum 
 not less than ten million dollars, to be used and expended for the pur- 
 poses of the Exposition herein authorized, has in fact been raised or pro- 
 vided for by subscription or other legally binding means, he shall be 
 authorized, through the Department of State, to make proclamation of 
 the same, setting forth the time at which the Exposition will open and 
 close, and the place at which it will be held; and he shall communicate 
 to the diplomatic representatives of foreign nations copies of the same, 
 together with such regulations as may be adopted by the Commission, for 
 publication in their respective countries, and he shall, in behalf of the 
 Government and people, invite foreign nations to take part in the said 
 Exposition and appoint representatives thereto. 
 
 Sec. II. That all articles which shall be imported from foreign 
 countries for the sole purpose of exhibition at said Exposition, upon 
 which there shall be a tariff or customs duty, shall be admitted free of 
 payment of duty, customs fees, or charges under such regulations as the 
 Secretary of the Treasury shall prescribe; but it shall be lawful at any 
 time during the exhibition to sell for delivery at the close of the Exposi- 
 
362 World? s Columbian Commission. 
 
 Tbe Act of tion any goods or property imported for and actually on exhibition in the 
 Exposition buildings or on its grounds, subject to such regulations for 
 the security of the revenue and for the collection of the import duties as 
 the Secretary of the Treasury shall prescribe: Provided, That all such 
 articles when sold or withdrawn for consumption in the United States 
 shall be subject to the duty, if any, imposed upon such articles by the 
 revenue laws in force at the date of importation, and all penalties pre- 
 scribed by law shall be applied and enforced against such articles, and 
 against the persons who may be guilty of any illegal sale or withdrawal. 
 
 Sec. 12. That the sum of twenty thousand dollars, or as much 
 / thereof as may be necessary, be, and the same is hereby appropriated, 
 
 out of any moneys in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, for the 
 remainder of the present fiscal year and for the fiscal year ending June 
 thirtieth, eighteen hundred and ninety-one, to be expended under the 
 direction of the Secretary of the Treasury for purposes connected with 
 the admission of foreign goods to said Exhibition. 
 
 Sec. 13. That it shall be the duty of the Commission to make 
 report, from time to time, to the President of the United States of the 
 progress of the work, and, m a final report, present a full exhibit of the 
 results of the Exposition. 
 
 Sec. 14. That the Commission hereby authorized shall exist no 
 longer than until the first day of January, eighteen hundred and ninety- 
 eight. 
 
 Sec. 15. That the United States shall not in any manner, nor under 
 any circumstances, be liable for any of the acts, doings, proceedings, or 
 representations of the said corporation organized under the laws of the 
 State of Illinois, its officers, agents, servants, or employes, or any of 
 them, or for the service, salaries, labor, or wages of said officers, agents, 
 servants, or employes, or any of them, or for any subscriptions to the 
 capital stock, or for any certificates of stock, bonds, mortgages, or obli- 
 gations of any kind issued by said corporation, or for any debts, liabili- 
 ties, or expenses of any kind whatever attending such corporation or 
 accruing by reason of the same. 
 
 Sec. 16. That there shall be exhibited at said Exposition, by the 
 Government of the United States, from its Executive Departments, the 
 Smithsonian Institution, the United States Fish Commission, and the 
 National Museum, such articles and materials as illustrate the function 
 and administrative faculty of the Government in time of peace and its 
 resources as a war power, tending to demonstrate the nature of our insti- 
 tutions and their adaptation to the wants of the people; and to secure a 
 complete and harmonious arrangement of such a Government exhibit, a 
 Board shall be created to be charged with the selection, preparation, 
 arrangement, safe-keeping, and exhibition of such articles and materials 
 
The Act of Congress. 363 
 
 as the heads of the several departments and the Directors of the Smith- The Act of 
 sonian Institution and National Museum may respectively decide shall 
 be embraced in said Government exhibit. The President may also desig- 
 nate additional articles for exhibition. Such Board shall be composed 
 of one person to be named by the head of each Executive Department, 
 and one by the Directors of the Smithsonian Institution and National 
 Museum, and one by the Fish Commission, such selections to be approved 
 by the President of the United States. The President shall name the 
 Chairman of said Board, and the Board itself shall select such other offi- 
 cers as it may deem necessary. 
 
 That the Secretary of the Treasury is hereby authorized and directed 
 to place on exhibition, upon such grounds as shall be allotted for the 
 purpose, one of the life-saving stations authorized to be constructed on 
 the coast of the United States by existing law, and to cause the same to 
 be fully equipped with all apparat-us. furniture, and appliances now in use 
 in all life-saving stations in the United States, said building and appa- 
 ratus to be removed at the close of the Exhibition and reerected at the 
 place now authorized by law. 
 
 Sec. 17. That the Secretary of the Treasury shall cause a suitable 
 building or buildings to be erected on the site selected for the World's 
 Columbian Exposition for the Government exhibits, as provided in this 
 act, and he is hereby authorized and directed to contract therefor, in the 
 same manner and under the same regulations as for other public build- 
 ings of the United States; but the contracts for said building or buildings 
 shall not exceed the sum of four hundred thousand dollars, and for the 
 remainder of the fiscal year and for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, 
 eighteen hundred and ninety-one, there is hereby appropriated for said 
 building or buildings, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise 
 appropriated, the sum of one hundred thousand dollars. The Secretary 
 of the Treasury shall cause the said building or buildings to be con- 
 structed, as far as possible, of iron, steel, and glass, or of such other 
 material as may be taken out and sold to the best advantage; and he is 
 authorized and required to dispose of such building or buildings, or the 
 material composing the same, at the close of the Exposition, giving pref- 
 erence to the City of Chicago, or to the said World's Exposition of 
 eighteen hundred and ninety-two, to purchase the same at an appraised 
 value to be ascertained in such manner as he may determine. 
 
 Sec. 18. That for the purpose of paying the expenses of transporta- 
 tion, care, and custody of exhibits by the Government and the mainte- 
 nance of the building or buildings hereinbefore provided for, and the safe 
 return of articles belonging to the said Government exhibit, and for the 
 expenses of the Commission created by this act, and other contingent 
 expenses, to be approved by the Secretary of the Treasury, upon itemized 
 
364 World's Columhian Commission. 
 
 The Act of accounts and vouchers, there is hereby appropriated for the remainder of 
 
 Congress. j i i i 
 
 this fiscal year and for the fiscal year ending June thirtieth, eighteen 
 hundred and ninety-one, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise 
 appropriated, the sum of two hundred thousand dollars, or so much 
 thereof as may be necessary: Prmnded, That the United States shall not 
 be liable, on account of the erection of buildings, expenses of the Com- 
 mission or any of its officers or employes, or on account of any expenses 
 incident to or growing out of said Exposition, for a sum exceeding in the 
 aggregate one million five hundred thousand dollars. 
 
 Sec. 19. That the Commissioners and alternate Commissioners 
 appointed under this- act shall not be entitled to any compensation for 
 their services out of the Treasury of the United States, except their 
 actual expenses for transportation and the sum of six dollars per day for 
 subsistence for each day they are necessarily absent from their homes on 
 the business of said Commission. The officers of said Commission shall 
 receive such compensation as may be fixed by said Commission, subject 
 to the approval of the Secretary of the Treasury, which shall be paid out 
 of the sums appropriated by Congress in aid of such Exposition. 
 
 Sec. 20. That nothing in this act shall be so construed as to create 
 any liability of the United States, direct or indirect, for any debt or obli- 
 gation incurred, nor for any claim for aid or'pecuniary assistance from 
 Congress or the Treasury of the United States in support or liquidation 
 of any debts or obligations created by said Commission in excess of 
 appropriations made by Congress therefor. 
 
 Sec. 21. That nothing in this act shall be so construed as to over- 
 ride or interfere with the laws of any State, and all contracts made in any 
 State for the purposes of the Exhibition shall be subject to the laws 
 thereof. 
 
 Sec. 22. That no member of said Commission, whether an officer 
 or otherwise, shall be personally liable for any debt or obligation which 
 may be created or incurred by the said Commission. 
 
 Approved, April 25, 1890. 
 
WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION 
 
 Directors. 
 
 Owen F. Aldis. 
 Samuel ^\. Allerton. 
 William T. Baker. 
 William Borner. 
 Thomas B. Bryan. 
 Edward B. Butler. 
 Mark L. Crawford. 
 DeWitt C. Cregier. 
 George R. Davis. 
 James W. Ellsworth. 
 John V. Farwell, Jr. 
 Lyman J. Gage. 
 Harlow N. Higinbotham. 
 Charles L. Hutchinson. 
 Edward T. Jeffery. 
 El bridge G Keith. 
 Rollin A. Keyes. 
 Marshall M. Kirkman. 
 Herman H. Kohlsaat. 
 Edward F. Lawrence. 
 Thies J. Lefens. 
 Cyrus H, McCormick. 
 William J. Chalmers. 
 
 Andrew McNally. 
 Joseph Med ill. 
 Adolph Nathan. 
 Robert Nelson. 
 John J. P. Odell. 
 Potter Palmer. 
 James C. Peasley. 
 Ferd W. Peck. 
 Erskine M. Phelps. 
 Eugene S. Pike. 
 INIartin A. Ryerson. 
 Charles H. Schwab. 
 Anthony F. Seeberger 
 William E. Strong. 
 Charles H. Wacker. 
 Robert A. Waller. 
 Edwin Walker. 
 Charles C. Wheeler. 
 Frederick S. Winston. 
 Charles T. Yerkes. 
 Otto Young. 
 Robert C. Clowry. 
 
 The 
 Chicago 
 Board. 
 
 OFFICERS. 
 
 President, Lyman J. Gage. 
 First Vice-President, Thomas B. Bryan. 
 Second Vice-President, Potter Palmer. 
 Secretary, Benjamin Butterworlh. 
 Assistant Secretary, J. K. King will. 
 Treasurer, Anthony F. Seeberger. 
 Auditor, William K. Ackerman. 
 
 WORLD S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION : 
 
 Director-General, George R. Davis. 
 
 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. 
 
 Lyman J. Gage, President. 
 
 Thomas B. Bryan, First Vice-President. 
 
 Potter Palmer, Second Vice-President. 
 
 Ferd W. Peck. 
 De Witt C. Cregier. 
 Edwin Walker. 
 Erskine 'M. Phelps. 
 William T. Baker. 
 
 Rollin A. Keyes. 
 Marshall M. Kirkman. 
 Charles L. Hutchinson. 
 Otto Young. 
 Robert C. Clowry. 
 
 365 
 
WORLD'S COLUMBIAN EXPOSITION. 
 
 ' Standing Committees. 
 
 Standing 
 Commit- 
 tees. 
 
 E. G. Keith. 
 
 Owen F. Aldis. 
 Robert A. Waller. 
 
 W. T. Baker. 
 
 S. W. Allerton. 
 
 M. A. Ryerson. 
 
 Mark L. Crawford. 
 
 AVilliam Borner. 
 
 J. W. Ellsworth. 
 
 E. B. Butler. 
 
 E. B. Butler. 
 William Borner. 
 A. Nutlmn. 
 H. H. Kohlsaat. 
 
 Finance. 
 F. W. Peck, Chairman. 
 Otto Young. J. J. P. Odell. 
 
 H. N. Higinbotham. 
 
 Grounds and Buildings, 
 
 D. C. Cregier, Chairman. 
 
 Eugene S. Pike. C. H. Schwab. 
 
 George R. Davis. E. T. Jeffery. 
 
 Legislation. 
 Edwin Walker, Chairman. 
 George R. Davis. A. Nathan. 
 
 F. S. Winston. 
 
 National and State Exhibits 
 
 E. M. Phelps, Chairman. 
 E. T. Jeffery. 
 A. F. Seeberger. 
 
 Foreign Exhibits. 
 W. T. Baker, Chairman. 
 
 J. V. Farwell, Jr. 
 
 H. N. Higinbotham. 
 T. J. Lefens. 
 
 Press and Printing. 
 
 R, A. Keyes, Chairman 
 H. H. Kohlsaat. 
 C. H. :McCormick. 
 
 Transportation. 
 M. M. Kiikman, Chairman. 
 
 J. W. Ellsworth. 
 
 Andrew McNally. 
 
 J. C. Peasley. 
 W. E. Strong. 
 
 C. C. Wheeler. 
 
 Fine Arts. 
 C. L. Hutchinson, Chairman. 
 Potter Palmer. C. T. Yerkes. 
 
 R. A. Waller. 
 
 Mechanical and Electrical Appliances. 
 R. C. Clowry, Chairman. 
 C. H. Wacker. D. C. Cregier. 
 
 Robert Nelson, 
 
 Ways and Means. 
 
 Otto Young, Chairman. 
 E. F. Lawrence. 
 Andrew ]McXally, 
 R. A. Keyes, 
 R, A. WaHer. 
 
 360 
 
 C, H. :McCormick. 
 H. N. Higinbotham. 
 C. H. Wacker. 
 William J. Chalmers. 
 
BY-LAWS 
 
 OF THE 
 
 World's Columbian Exposition. 
 
 (Local Board.) 
 
 ARTICLE I. 
 
 GOVERNMENT. 
 
 The government and control of the corporation shall be vested in ^theTocaf 
 the Board of Directors. ^''^'^• 
 
 ARTICLE IL 
 
 stockholders' meetings. 
 
 The annual meeting of the stockholders shall be held on the first 
 Saturday of April, in each year, at the hour of lo o'clock, in the fore- 
 noon, at such place in the City of Chicago as may be designated by the 
 Board of Directors. 
 
 A written or printed notice, signed by the President or Secretary, 
 stating the time, place, and object of the meeting, shall be mailed to each 
 stockholder at least ten days before the date of the meeting, and shall also 
 be published in three or more daily newspapers, in the City of Chicago 
 for five consecutive days immediately before said meeting. 
 
 ARTICLE III. 
 
 STOCK certificates AND TRANSFERS. 
 
 All certificates for shares of the capital stock shall be signed by the 
 President and Secretary, who shall affix the corporate seal. In the 
 absence of the President, they shall be signed by one of the Vice-Presi- 
 dents, in their order. They shall be numbered in progression, beginning 
 with number one, and each certificate shall show upon its face the num- 
 ber of shares for which it is issued, and that the stock therein mentioned 
 is transferable only upon the books of the company, and upon the sur- 
 rendci" of such certificates. A book of *' Stock Registry " shall be kept, 
 in which shall be entered the number of each certificate issued, the name 
 and address of the stockholder, and the number of shares to which he is 
 
 367 
 
368 World^s Columbian Commission. 
 
 By-Laws of entitled. The transfer of any share or shares of stock may be made by 
 
 the Local •' •'J 
 
 Board. q. Surrender of the certificate issued therefor, and a written assignment 
 thereof by the owner, or his duly authorized attorney in fact, upon a book 
 to be called the " Register of Transfers." Upon such surrender and 
 assignment, a new certificate or certificates shall be issued to the assignee 
 as he may be entitled; but without such surrender and assignment no 
 transfer of stock will be recognized by the Company. The " Registry of 
 Transfers " will be closed thirty days before each annual meeting of the 
 stockholders, and no assignee of shares shall be entitled to vote in person, 
 or by proxy, at any meeting unless such surrender and assignment shall 
 have been made before the time specified for the closing of said " Regis- 
 ter of Transfers." 
 
 ARTICLE IV. 
 
 OFFICERS. 
 
 Section t. The officers of this Company shall consist of a President, 
 first Vice-President, second Vice-President, Secretary, Treasurer, and 
 such other officers as shall from time to time be provided for by the 
 Directors. The officers shall be elected by ballot at the first meeting of 
 the Board after the annual meeting of the stockholders, and shall hold 
 their respective offices for one year, and until their successors are elected 
 and qualified, provided that any officer may be removed by the affirmative 
 vote of twenty-three Directors. 
 
 Sec. 2. The salaries of the several officers shall be fixed by resolu- 
 tion of the Board of Directors, before such officers are elected, provided, 
 howe\*er, that this clause shall not be operative until after the first election 
 of said officers. No member of the Board of Directors, except its officers, 
 shall receive any compensation whatever for his services. 
 
 ARTICLE V. 
 directors' meetings. 
 
 Section i. The Board of Directors shall hold their regular meet- 
 ings at the office of the Company in Chicago, on the second Friday of every 
 month, at such hour as the Board may direct. 
 
 Twenty-three members of the Board of Directors shall constitute a 
 quorum for the transaction of business, and the affirmative vote of at least 
 that number shall be required for the election or change of officers, or 
 selection of site. 
 
 Sec. 2. The President of the Company shall have the power to call 
 special meetings of the Board of Directors whenever he deems it expedi- 
 ent so to do; and it shall be his duty to call special meetings of the Board 
 whenever five members shall request him so to do, and shall state the ob- 
 ject of such meeting. The Secretary of the Company shall mail to the 
 address of each Director a notice of any special meeting, and shall specify 
 
By-Laws of the World'' s Columbian Exposition. 369 
 
 briefly the subject that will come before said meeting. The business of said By-Laws of 
 meeting shall be confined to such subject. Board. 
 
 ARTICLE VI. 
 
 DUTIES OF PRESIDENT. 
 
 The President shall preside over all the meetings of the Board, and 
 shall appomt all committees, unless otherwise directed; he shall be, ex- 
 officio, a member of all Standing Committees, and shall have all the power 
 and authority incident to his office. 
 
 In the absence of the President, a Vice-President, in his order, if 
 present, shall perform the duties of President. In their absence the 
 Board may appoint a chairman /r<? tern. 
 
 ARTICLE VIL 
 
 DUTIES OF SECRETARY. 
 
 The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the stockholders and 
 Board of Directors, and shall keep in a book prepared for that purpose a 
 true and fair record of all such meetings, and shall have charge of all 
 books, documents, and papers which properly belong to his office. He 
 shall attend the meetings of any committee of the Board when requested, 
 and keep minutes of the proceedings thereof. He shall have the custody 
 of the corporate seal, and shall attach the same to all documents which 
 require sealing. He shall perform such other duties as may be required 
 by the Board. 
 
 ARTICLE VIII. 
 
 DUTIES OF TREASURER. 
 
 The Treasurer shall safely keep and account for all moneys, funds, or 
 other property of the Company which may come into his hands, and shall 
 deposit, in the name of this corporation, all moneys in such banks, or 
 places of deposit, as the Board of Directors may direct. Payments shall be 
 made upon vouchers. Vouchers shall be certified to by the chairman or 
 acting chairman of the committee in interest. They shall be approved by 
 the Director-General and Auditor. No payment shall be made except by 
 check. All checks shall be countersigned by the Auditor. The Treasurer 
 shall give bonds for the proper performance of his duties, in such sum, 
 and with such sureties, as the Board of Directors may approve; he shall 
 keep an account of all receipts and expenditures, and shall report at least 
 once a month to the Board the balance on hand at such banks or other de- 
 pository; he shall also report quarterly to the Board, or oftener if required, 
 all receipts and expenditures. His books shall at all times be open to the 
 inspection of the President or any member of the Finance Committee. 
 
370 World? s Columbian Commission. 
 
 ARTICLE IX. 
 
 AUDITOR. 
 
 ^(hcTolaf There shall be elected an Auditor, who shall have charge of the 
 
 Board. i)ooks of account of the Company, which shall be kept under his super- 
 vision and direction; he shall see that all accounts are kept in proper 
 form, and that the proper vouchers are returned for all disbursements 
 made; that the same are distributed to their proper accounts, and after 
 such distribution, carefully filed and preserved. It shall be the duty of 
 the Auditor to know that all bonds required of officers and employes are 
 given, and he shall discharge all other duties imposed upon him by the 
 Board of Directors; his books and papers shall at all times be open to 
 the President, Vice-Presidents, and any Special Committee appointed for 
 that purpose by the Board of Directors. It shall be the duty of the 
 Auditor to examine the accounts of the Treasurer at infrequent periods, 
 at least as often as once each three months, and make report thereof to 
 the Board of Directors. 
 
 ARTICLE X. 
 
 ORDER OF BUSINESS. 
 
 The order of business at all meetings of the Board of Directors, 
 unless otherwise ordered at such meeting, shall be as follows : 
 
 1. Roll call. 
 
 2. Reading minutes of last meeting. 
 
 3. Considering of communications to the Board. 
 
 4. Reports of officers to the Board. 
 
 5. Reports of Special Committees in order. 
 
 6. Reports of Standing Committees. 
 
 7. Unfinished or postponed business. 
 
 8. New business. 
 
 All reports shall be made in writing, and all motions and resolutions, 
 if the President so direct, shall also be in writing. No member of the 
 Board shall occupy the floor in debate more than five minutes, except by 
 unanimous consent. 
 
 ARTICLE XI. 
 
 VACANCIES. 
 
 Vacancies in the Board, or its offices, may be filled by election by 
 the Board. 
 
 ARTICLE XII. 
 
 STANDING COMMITTEES. 
 
 The President and the Vice-Presidents shall nominate, and, with the 
 consent of the Board of Directors, shall appoint for one year, and until 
 their successors are appointed, the following Standing Committees, 
 
By- Laics of the WorUVs Columbian Exposition. 371 
 
 which shall consist of five members each, excepting the Committee on By-Laws of 
 Grounds and Buildings, which shall consist of seven members, and a Board. 
 Committee on Ways and Means to consist of thirteen members. 
 
 1. Committee on Finance. 
 
 2. Committee on Grounds and Buildings. 
 
 3. Committee on Legislation. 
 
 4. Committee on National and State Exhibits. 
 
 5. Committee on Foreign Exhibits. 
 
 6. Committee on Press and Printing. 
 
 7. Committee on Transportation. 
 
 8. Committee on the Fine Arts. 
 
 9. Committee on Machinery and Electrical Appliances. 
 10. Committee on Ways and Means. 
 
 The several Standing Committees shall have jurisdiction of such mat- 
 ters as shall from time to time be referred to them. 
 Each Committee shall elect its own Chairman. 
 
 ARTICLE XIIL 
 
 EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE. 
 
 There shall be an Executive Committee, with a chairman of its own 
 election, to consist of the President, the two Vice-Presidents, and the 
 Chairman of each of the Standing Committees. Either of the Standing 
 Committees may appoint one of their members to represent its Chair- 
 man at any meeting of the Executive Committee, when such Chairman 
 is absent or unable to attend. Regular mee'tings of the Committee shall 
 be held on such days, hours, and at such place as the Committee may 
 direct, and a majority of the Committee shall constitute a quorum for 
 the transaction of business. Special meetings may be called by the 
 Chairman, and when called, written notice thereof shall be given by the 
 Secretary to each member of the Committee. The Secretary shall keep 
 a record of all its acts and doings, and such records shall be submitted to 
 the Board of Directors for its approval or disapproval, at its next suc- 
 ceeding meeting, and recorded as part of the minutes of such meeting. 
 The Executive Committee shall have power to manage and direct the 
 business and affairs of the Company subject to the approval of the Board 
 of Directors. 
 
 ARTICLE XIV. 
 
 DIRECTOR-GENERAL. 
 
 For the more efficient management of the business of the Company, 
 the Board of Directors shall elect a Director-General, whose office shall 
 be at the general office of the Company in the City of Chicago, and 
 whose duties, powers, and compensation shall be fixed and defined by the 
 Board of Directors. 
 
372 World^s Columbian Commission. 
 
 ARTICLE XV. 
 
 Board. 
 
 PROPOSALS AND CONTRACTS. 
 
 ^tii^Lpcaf ^^^ material and work of construction or preparation, involving an 
 
 expenditure of money exceeding two thousand dollars ($2,000), shall first 
 be authorized by the Board of Directors, and sealed proposals for the 
 same shall be invited by advertisement three times in at least two of the 
 daily papers in Chicago, and be posted at the office of the Company. 
 
 Proposals for said work shall be addressed to the Board of Directors, 
 and opened at the office of the Company, at the hour designated in the 
 advertisement, by the Executive Committee, in the presence of such bid- 
 ders as may be in attendance. 
 
 All such proposals shall be referred to the Board of Directors for 
 approval or rejection. 
 
 All contracts shall be awarded to the lowest and best bidder in the 
 judgment of the Board of Directors, who shall, however, have power to 
 reject any or all bids. 
 
 Bonds for the performance of contracts shall be required for at least 
 fifty per cent, of the amount thereof. 
 
 All contracts shall be written in duplic'ate, signed by the contractor, 
 or contractors, the President and Secretary, and be attested by the seal, 
 the substance thereof entered of record, and the document filed with the 
 Auditor. 
 
 Work and material involving an expenditure of money less than two 
 thousand dollars ($2,000) may be contracted for without advertising, by 
 the Director-General, with the approval of the appropriate committee. 
 Informal bids for the same shall be invited except in cases of emergency. 
 
 All expenditures, by contract or otherwise, shall be promptly reported 
 to the Auditor, and all warrants on account of payment thereof shall be 
 certified to by the Director-General and paid as hereinbefore provided. 
 
 ARTICLE XVI. 
 
 AMENDMENTS TO BY-LAWS. 
 
 Additions or amendments to these By-Laws may be made at any 
 stated meeting of the Board next following that when such additions or 
 amendments may have been proposed m writing, but no amendments or 
 change in the By-Laws shall f)e made except at a meeting at which a 
 majority of the Board shall be present, and all the directors shall have 
 been notified in writing by the Secretary of the proposed change or addi- 
 tion, and it shall require the vote of two-thirds of those present to adopt 
 such amendment. 
 
OFFICIAL MANUAL 
 
 OF THE 
 
 World's Columbian Commission 
 
 CONTAINING 
 
 The Minutes and other Official Data of the Commission from 
 THE Date of its Organization, June 26, 1890, to the Close 
 OF its Third Session, November 26, 1890, including 
 Information in Reference to the Chicago 
 Directory of the World's Colum- 
 bian Exposition, Etc. 
 
 Chicago: 
 rand, mcnally & company. 
 
 1890. 
 

 .* .it 
 
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