F549 .P93 se ^ Iff" .3^-^. / :W<\ \ o V >"-n^ %.^* .';^*^^^>» %/ .';^^ \ vV o - o . -^^ " .-^"^ . t . . ^ "'^^ "' ' ^'^^^ 4 O A - ^^ -^^ "^'^^v^^^ O.V ''^. • o " *^o< . •■ ' • SK:ETCIiES (Karjn Settlement and |3rej5ent Jldrantitjgeji rMittbMpMg vj luxjiisrois. IXCLCDING VALUABLE STATISTICS, ETC. A LS O, A BRIEF SKETCH OF BUREAU COUNTY, AND A BUSINESS DIRECTORY. PRINCETON, ILL. P^UBLISHED BY ISAAC B. SMITH. ?e^^ ■■5:3:5?' ■^^^B^ PADDOCK & SEAMAN, ajripltuifiil ImDlmnnts 3 i ^ STEEL, &c., &c. BUREAU CO., ILLINOIS STEPHEN f,. PADDOCK. WRIGHT SEAMAN. .1^ V ^ ^e^- /■ /'/ :/!.. -==ei SKETCHES (fiarig f ^ttl^m^nt miA Bxmrtt ^unk^t^ PRINCETO:^, — INCLUDING — VALUABLE STATISTICS. ETC. ALSO, A BRIEF SKETCH OF BUREAU COUNTY, AND A ^i|Si^esg ^i^ecfoi^lj. PRINCETON, ELL. PUBLISHED BY ISAAC B. SMITH, ISST- ?§==— i Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1857, by ISAAC B. SailTH, In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States, for the Northern District of Illinois. CO- *-7 C. SCOTT, PRINTER AND BINDER, CHICAGO, ILL. rzj' ^^= ==e TO THE READER. In presenting these Sketches to the public, we expect them to be considered as a work of facts and not of imagination : had they been of the latter, a very different one probably would have been issued; but we doubt whether it would have been more interesting or have contained more thrilling and pleasing items. It may appear, however, at first, to many of the old settlers that in some of the statements we have erred ; but we think that if they will take the trouble to compare notes and search out the facts, they will find that we are generally, if not in everi/ instance, correct. In the Sketch of the County we have been very brief. At some future time we may, perhaps, give a more complete history of it, for we feel assured that it is worthy of being placed before the eyes of the public in the form of history, bringing to view its superiority of advantages as compared with other counties in the State. In compiling the facts, we have endeavored to do it in as inter- esting a form as brevity would allow ; for in a work of this kind we could not be expected to give a full history of either County or Town, but merely to give a glance at the former and a more precise view of the latter. And here it may be well to say that, for the satisfaction of all, we have been at an expense of over one hundred dollars to obtain engravings ; so that whatever may be wanting to satisfy the mind of the reader, he will find made up in the fine illustrations. But should both sketches and engravings prove satisfactory and useful, it will afford much pleasure to THE AUTHOR. Priicceton, III., March, 1857. i i -=^m =^^FRIMCETOMi The first settlement in what is now called the Township of Princeton was made in the spring of 1829, by Mr. Elijah Epperson, from Ohio. Several families were at this time residing in the vicin- ity, being scattered along the line of timber bordering on the Bureau creek ; but few persons, however, were then residents of the county. Few individuals have even a faint conception of the picturesque appearance of the country, or the hardships endured by the early settlers of our town. The country then being in a state of nature, presented beauty in its wide spread plains, stretching as far as the eye could reach, covered with flowers of nearly every shade and color, and tall grass. Indeed they were beautiful when in their full bloom, and would excite admiration in every lover of wild scenery. Here, too, was the hunting ground of roving tribes of Indians. What a beautiful garden they were forced to leave ! Game they could here find in abundance, and their corn was easily raised. But the White Man came. And we can not think it strange that they fought to retain so goodly a heritage. But the white man, with his civiliza^ tion, intelligence and courage, could not flee, at the sight of Indian warriors, from these fertile prairies, that seemed vs^- 5^ -=^fQ 6 PRINCETON. to smile when he looked upon them with a view of convert- ing them into farms, and building villages, and erecting comfortable dwellings, churches, school houses, &c. For several years the first inhabitants had scarcely any other than Indian neighbors ; and many a friendly visit was exchanged between the " Cha-mo-co-man " and " Red Man's squaws," — many a pleasant hour they passed together within the cabin and the wigwam. Until hostili- ties broke out, "Hand in hand they went together Through the ■woodland and the meadow." Though more than a quarter of a century has passed away, the deep-trodden trails of the Indian pony are still visible, and occasionally a grave is discovered, containing the bones, beads and various trinkets of one or more of this unfortunate race, which is fast becoming extinct. As to hardships endured, we can only mention a few, scattered through our simple narrative, and leave our read- ers to judge for themselves, or learn further particulars from those who still reside among us and can testify to the truth- fulness of what we state, and much more that might be said. The nearest mercantile trading point, where the common necessaries of life were obtained, was at Hennepin, some twelve miles distant. The nearest blacksmith's shop was at LaSalle, a distance of about twenty miles ; and the nearest flouring mill was at Peoria, about fifty-five miles distant. The roads at that time were scarcely any thing more than Indian trails, and at times were almost impass- able, thus rendering the journeys long and tedious. During the years 1829, 1831, 1832 and 1833, the attention of others was attracted to the natural and prospec- tive advantages of this point. Many came hither to survey the country and make claims, and some few with a view of becoming permanent settlers. We will here give as cor- i'^= - — =^e3 "==65 EA.RLY SETTLEMENT. rect a list as could be obtained of those who settled here during the first five years. Elijah Epperson and family, John and Curtiss Williams and their families, Hampshire Colony, Eoland Mosely and family, Daniel Smith and family, John Musgrove and family, John M. Gay and family, Kobt. Clark and family, Joel Doolittle and family, Cyrus and John H. Bryant, Lucius Cutler, Alonzo Cook, Nathaniel Chamberlain, Jr., and family, Mrs. Flint and her two daughters, William 0. Chamberlain, Ebenezer Chamberlain and Lucy Chamber- lain, (now Mrs. Andrew Smith,) John L. Ament, Rev. Lucien Farnham, Arthur Bryant, Lazarus Beeves, James Hays and family, Abraham Jones and Silas D. Cartwright. In the summer of 1831, a part of the colony composing the Hampshire Colony Congregational Church arrived and settled on Bureau creek, some two miles north of the origi- nal corporation of Princeton. The persons who arrived with the colony at that time and became settlers, were Nathaniel Chamberlain, M. D., and his son Oscar, Eli Smith and wife, Elijah Smith and wife, Christopher G. Corss, and E. Hinsdale Phelps.* The former made a claim and built a cabin some one and a quarter miles south of the present corporation, where the residence of Mr. B. Gill now stands. Messrs. Eli and Elijah Smith erected a large cabin near the present resi- dence of Mr. Anthony Epperson, which was afterward used by Elijah Smith as a hotel or stage house. These two dwellings were also used on each Sabbath, alternate, for holding church services, though five miles distant from each other, until houses were built where the town now is, which * Several of these persons were not members of the church at that time, but of the colony. Others belonging to the colony did not settle with it. I9=- PRINCETON. ■Cp^ rendered it much more convenient for all to meet half way between. The settlement was named Greenfield, and Eli- jah Smith was appointed (first) post master. The first survey for a town was commenced by Mr. John Blake in December, 1831, and in 1832 partially completed by Dr. Hayes of Hennepin, assisted by Mr. John Musgrove, Mr. Roland Mosely, and his two sons Roland and Fred- erick, and Dr. Wm. 0. Chamberlain. (The following per- sons were appointed trustees of school lands in the county : John P. Blake, John Musgrove and Roland Moseley.) After much discussion it was agreed to name the place Princeton. It is located on (School) Section 16 N., R. 9 E. of the fourth principal meridian. The owners of lots at that time -were, mainly, Messrs. Dr. Nathaniel Cham- berlain, Cyrus and John H. Bryant, Rev. L. Farnham, John M. Gay and Mrs. Flint. The first building erected within the limits of the origi- nal corporation, was a log cabin built by Mr. Silas D. Cartwright, in the fall of 1833, and occupied by him as a blacksmith's shop. It stood on the now vacant lot north of the Congregational church. The second, and Jlrst framed, building was erected by John M. Gay, the dimen- sions being twelve feet square, and occupied the ground upon which the residence and store of R. T. Templeton, Esq., now stands. The third was a log cabin built by Mr. Frederick Haskill, and used by him as a store — the first in the place — and was located on the ground now occupied by the residence of Mr. Elijah Dee. This store was opened for the sale of goods June 7th, 1834, and the first article sold was a horse collar, to Mr. Cornelius Corss. The first hotel was built by Mr. Stephen Triplet, which still stands on Main street, immediately south of Dr. Chamberlain's office ; though it has not been used for this purpose for several years. The first church was a two-story framed INDIAN WAR. 9 cc building, erected in 1835 by the Hampshire Colony Con- gregational Church, on the public square, immediately south of where the court house now is ; it is now the prop- erty of Mr. Justus Stevens, and stands on the south-east corner of the public square. Thus the reader perceives that with small beginnings the settlement was commenced, and one improvement after another made as fast as means and circumstances would permit. Allowing us now to digress somewhat from the precise history of the town, we will give a brief sketch of the In- dian war, as our story will not be complete without noticing some incidents of the war in connection with the settlers at that time. During the years 1831-2, the country was being alarmed by the war-cry. There had been difficulties on the frontier for some length of time, and many a peaceful home was disturbed by the hostile appearance of the Indians. Few retired upon their couches for a night's repose, without having some weapon of defense within reach. Small com- panies of Indians were frequently seen, dressed in red, (a sign of war,) moving about among the white settlers, sup- posed to be acting as spies. On one occasion, two or three of these warlike spies called at the house of one of the settlers. The inmates, nearly all of whom still reside here, seeing them approach the house, and thinking their "time had surely come," went out to meet them, and soon engaged in conversation ! The Indians denied any knowledge of war, but their general appearance belied them, — "actions often speak louder than words." They soon left, however, without committing any depredations, either upon the inhabitants or their property. At length actual hostilities broke out between the whites 11== 10 PRINCETON. y and the Sacs, Foxes and Winnebagoes, headed by the famous war chief, Black Hawk. Gov. Reynolds, then gov- ernor of Illinois, gave notice to the frontier settlers, that they must look out for themselves, as all the volunteers were needed in the army. On the reception of this news, they gathered up such articles as could be conveniently carried, and sought protection in the Fort at Hennepin; some few going to Springfield. Their stock was left to run wild on the prairies, and at the disposal of the merci- less savage ; though as soon as deemed safe, a number of the settlers returned and drove their cattle across the Illinois river. And here we will relate an incident connected with the only murder that was committed by the Indians in this county, during the war. Some six or seven persons, among whom were Messrs. Phillips, Hodge, Sylvester Brigham, John L. Ament, Aaron Gunn, J. G. Forestall, and a youth by the name of Dimick, left Hennepin and came over to the settlement after their cattle, which were kept at the cabins of Messrs. Ament and Phillips, then situated near the present resi- dence of Mr. J. G. Forestall, (north of the village of Dover.) Indians were then lurking about in ambush, ready to pick off the settlers as they might have opportunity, and, of course, our friends were obliged to be on the watch, for that they were running the risk of their lives, the sequel of our story will show. Arriving at the cabin of Mr. Ament, he (Ament) sta- tioned his companions at the door and windows as sentinels, while he prepared their dinner, which, as soon as ready, was partaken of by part at a time, the others keeping a sharp look-out for the enemy. After dinner a consultation was held as to the expediency of remaining in their present situation until morning, or returning immediately ; the rain then pouring down in torrents, and Indians, in all proba- INDIAN WAR. 11 1/ bility around them. Failing to agree in the matter, Phil- lips, who was somewhat of an eccentric character, picked up a board, saying : " Well, boys, this board must decide our course," at the same time placing it in an upright position ; " if it falls toward the north, we are safe, and will remain; if to the south, we must be off." The board fell toward the south, and thus, by common consent, shaped their plans ; and as soon as their cattle could be collected, they started for Hennepin. Their cattle, however, proved unmanageable, (being afraid to go near the timber for fear of Indians,) and after chasing them for miles, they were obliged to give up the attempt, and leaving them near Mr. Musgrove's cabin, they returned to Hennepin as they came. Some two weeks later, the same individuals arrived at Mr. Ament's cabin, for the purpose of making a second attempt to secure their stock. Mr. Phillips retired to his own cabin and commenced writing a letter, but while thus engaged, thought he heard the alarm of Indians, and going to the door, met Mr. Ament on his way to his cabin which he had left a few moments before. The two returned together, and all concluded to spend the night there, having seen no sign of Indians. During the night a terrific thunder storm arose, the rain pouring down in torrents. One of the number remarked that they " guessed there was no danger of Indians that night;" but they little dreamed that the cabin was suiTOunded by some thirty or forty savages, who were peeping through the cracks be- tween the logs, and endeavoring, by every continued flash of lightning, to count the numbers within ! Little did they, at that moment, think that in the morning one of their number would fall a victim of the foe, and all barely j escape ! But such was the case ! Morning came, — a A morning ever to be remembered by those six survivors. fe= ^-"^ 12' PRINCETON. Messrs. Brigbam and Phillips went out upon the porch in front of the building, and not noticing tlie deep trail around the cabin, or the marks of the Indian moccasins on the floor of the piazza, continued standing there for several minutes engaged in conversation. At length Mr. Phillips stepped off the porch, saying, "I will go over to my cabin and finish writing my letter," to which was replied by Mr. Brigham, " Wait a moment and I will go with you," and turning round he entered the cabin, but had scarcely closed the door ere the crack of a rifle was heard, fol- lowed by the shrill war-whoop, and poor Phillips lay a corpse, pierced by two balls ! The Indians then rushed toward the cabin and buried their tomahawks in the body of their unfortunate victim. Some of the survivors had the presence of mind to grasp two or three guns with bay- onets and point them through the door at the Indians, which act, without doubt, saved their lives. The savages knowing that bayonets were used by soldiers, it is supposed that on seeing these guns they concluded there were sol- diers within, and consequently made a hasty retreat, leaving some of their blankets behind them, which were afterward found in a thicket near by. It was then thought best to dispatch one of their number to Hennepin for troops. Young Dimick, then a youth of sixteen or seventeen years, being anxious to go, a horse was called to the door upon which he mounted, and in a few hours reached the fort in safety and gave the alarm. A small company of rangers or soldiers immediately pro- ceeded to the cabin, and found the remaining five individ- uals safely harbored within its walls, and the body of Phillips still lying where he fell. No Indians were to be found; they had taken " French leave." Mr. Brigham has since often remarked, that it seemed to him a most striking providential circumstance, that he INDIAN WAR. 'IS entered the cabin as lie did, instead of going immediately with Mr. Phillips, he having no errand whatever within ! Had he not entered the cabin then, he would in all proba- bility have shared the same fate of his companion. That our readers may have a more correct idea of the cause of the Indian troubles, we here give a brief account of Black Hawk and the war, the greater portion of which we copy from Ford's History of Illinois. It ajDpears that a treaty had been made by Gen. Harri- son at St. Louis, in November, 1804, with the chiefs of the Sacs and Fox nations of Indians, by which those Indians had ceded to the United States all their land on Rock river, and much more elsewhere. This treaty was con- firmed by a part of the tribe in a treaty with Gov. Edwards and Auguste Chouteau, in September, 1815, and by another part in a treaty with the same commis- sioners in May, 1816. The United States had caused some of the lands, situated at the mouth of Rock river, to be surveyed and sold. These lands included the great town of the nation, near the mouth of the river. The pur- chasers from the government moved on to their lands, built houses, made fences and fields, and thus took possession of the ancient metropolis of the Indian nation. This metropolis consisted of about two or three hundred lodges, made of small poles set upright in the ground, upon which other poles were tied transversely, with bark at the top, so as to hold a covering of bark peeled from the neigh- boring trees, and secured with other strips of bark, with which they were sewed to the transverse poles. The sides of the lodges were secured in the same manner. The principal part of these Indians had long since moved from their town to the west of the Mississippi. But there was one old chief of the Sacs, called Mucata Muhicatah, or Black Hawk, who always denied the valid- ^'^rr=- 14 PRINCETON. ity of these treaties. Black Hawk was now an old man. He had been a warrior from his youth. He had led many a war party on the trail of the enemy, and had never been defeated. He had been in the service of England in the war of 1812, and had been aid-de-camp to the great Tecumseh. He was distinguished for courage, and for clemency to the vanquished. He was an Indian patriot, a kind husband and father, and was noted for his integrity in all his dealings with his tribe and with the Indian traders. He was firmly attached to the British, and cordially hated the Americans. At the close of the war of 1812 he had never joined in making peace with the United States, but he and his band still kept up their connection with Canada, and were ever ready for a war with our people. He was in his personal deportment grave and melancholy, with a disposition to cherish and brood over the wrongs he supposed he had received from the Americans. He was thirsting for revenge upon his enemies, and at the same time his piety constrained him to devote a day in the year to visit the grave of a favorite daughter, buried on the Mississippi river, not far from Oquawka. Here he came on his yearly visit, and spent a day by the grave, lamenting and bewailing the death of one who had been the pride of his family and of his Indian home. With these feelings was mingled the certain and melancholy prospect of the extinction of his tribe and the transfer of his country, with its many silvery rivers, roll- ing and green prairies and dark forests, the haunts of his youth, to the possession of a hated enemy ; whilst he and his people were to be driven, as he supposed, into a strange country, far from the graves of his fathers and his children. Black Hawk's own account of the treaty of 1804 is as follows : He says some Indians of the tribe were arrested i§=- ^^ INDIAN WAR. 15 and imprisoned in St. Louis for murder ; that some of the chiefs were sent down to provide for their defense ; that whilst there, and without the consent of the nation, they were induced to sell the Indian country; that when they came home, it appeared that they had been drunk most of the time they were absent, and could give no account of what they had done, except that they had sold some land to the white people, and had come home loaded with pres- ents and Indian finery. This was all that the nation ever heard or knew about the treaty of 1804. Under the pretense that this treaty was void, he resisted the order of the government for the removal of his tribe west of the Mississippi. In the spring of 1831, he re- crossed the river, with his women and children and three hundred warriors of the British band, together with some of the Pottawatomie and Kickapoo nations, to establish himself upon his ancient hunting-grounds and in the prin- cipal village of his nation. He ordered the white settlers away, threw down their fences, unroofed their houses, cut up their grain, drove off and killed their cattle, and threat- ened the people with death if they remained. The settlers made their complaints to Gov. Reynolds. These acts of the Indians were considered by the governor to be an inva- sion of the State. He immediately addressed letters to Gen. Gaines of the United States army, and to Gen. Clark, the superintendent of Indian affairs, calling upon them to use the influence of the government to procure the peace- ful removal of the Indians, if possible ; at all events to defend and protect the American citizens who had pur- chased those lands from the United States, and were now about to be ejected by the Indians. Gen. Gaines repaired to Rock Island, with a few companies of regular soldiers, and soon ascertained that the Indians were bent upon war. He immediately called upon Gov. Reynolds for seven i is=- • ===gl 16 PRINCETON. hundred mounted volunteers. The governor obeyed the requisition. A call was made upon some of the northern and central counties, in obedience to which fifteen hundred volunteers rushed to his standard at Beardstown, and about the 10th of June were organized and ready to be marched to the seat of war. The whole force was divided into two regiments, an odd battalion and a spy battalion. The 1st regiment was commanded by Col. James D. Henry, the 2nd by Col. Daniel Lieb, the odd battalion by Major Na- thaniel Buckmaster, and the spy battalion by Major Samuel Whiteside. The whole brigade was put under the com- mand of Major Gen. Joseph Duncan, of the State Militia. This was the largest military force of IlJinoisans which had ever assembled in the State, and made an imposing appear- ance as it traversed the then unbroken wilderness of prairie. The army proceeded in four days to the Mississippi, but on reaching the Indian town they found no enemy there : the Indians had quietly departed the same morning »in their canoes for the western side of the Mississippi. Gen. Gaines threatened to pursue them across the river, which brought back Black Hawk, and the chiefs and braves of the hostile band, to Fort Armstrong at Rock Island, to sue for peace. A treaty was here formed with them, by which they agreed to remain forever after on the west side of the river, and never to recross it without the permission of the President or the Governor of the State. And thus these Indians, at last, ratified the treaty of 1804, by which their lands were sold to the white people, and they agreed to live in peace with the government. But notwithstanding this treaty, early in the spring of 1832, Black Hawk and the disaffected Indians prepared to reassert their right to the disputed territory. The united Sacs and Fox nations were divided into two parties. Black Hawk commanded the warlike band, and ^ NDIAN WAR. 17 headed the band which was in favor ho was a bold, sagacious leader of vith a wild and stirring eloquence, imong Indians, by means of which T part of his nation in amity with ut nearly all the bold, turbulent in mischief, arranged themselves ! rival. Black Hawk had with him tion, with which he recrossed the 5 of 1832. He directed his march itry, and this time aimed, by march- he countries of the Pottawatomies make them his allies. Gov. Rey- rmed of the facts, made another call ew days eighteen hundred men ral- * at Beardstown. This force was giments and a spy battalion. Col. 3 1st regiment. Col. Fry the 2nd, Col. Thompson the 4th ; James D. 1 spy battalion. The whole brigade Dramand of Brigadier Gen. Samuel e Militia, who had commanded the st campaign. On the 27th of April apanied by Gov. Reynolds, took up odians continued their march up the Green Bay country, attacking settle- in 2; the white settlers and committino; They were also pursued by the ong and tedious march, enduring the g, finally overtook them, and, after drove them to the Mississippi, where ms fought. Black Hawk and some escaped up the river. A number of I ^?a 16 PRINCETON. hundred mounted volunteers. Thi requisition. A call was made upor and central counties, in obedience t( volunteers rushed to his standard at '. the 10th of June were organized an to the seat of war. The whole fore regiments, an odd battalion and a s' regiment was commanded by Col. 2nd by Col. Daniel Lieb, the odd I: thaniel Buckmaster, and the spy batt Whiteside. The whole brigade wa mand of Major Gen. Joseph Duncar This was the largest military force of ever assembled in the State, and mao ance as it traversed the then unbroken The army proceeded in four days t on reaching the Indian town they fo the Indians had quietly departed tl their canoes for the western side of t] Graines threatened to pursue them a< brought back Black Hawk, and the the hostile band, to Fort Armstrong a for peace. A treaty was here formed they agreed to remain forever after on river, and never to recross it without i President or the Governor of the Stal Indians, at last, ratified the treaty of ] lands were sold to the white people, live in peace with the government. But notwithstanding this treaty, ei 1832, Black Hawk and the disaffecte* to reassert their right to the disputed t The united Sacs and Fox nations w( parties. Black Hawk commanded the INDIAN WAR. 17 Keokuk, another chief, headed the band which was in favor of peace. Keokuk, who was a bold, sagacious leader of his people, was gifted with a wild and stirring eloquence, rare to be found even among Indians, by means of which he retained the greater part of his nation in amity with the white people. But nearly all the bold, turbulent spirits, who delighted in mischief, arranged themselves under the banner of his rival. Black Hawk had with him the chivalry of his nation, with which he recrossed the Mississippi in the spring of 1832. He directed his march to the Kock River country, and this time aimed, by march- in o- up the river into the countries of the Pottawatomies and Winnebagoes, to make them his allies. Gov. Rey- nolds, upon being informed of the facts, made another call for volunteers. In a few days eighteen hundred men ral- lied under his banner at Beardstown. This force was organized into four regiments and a spy battalion. Col. Dewit commanded the 1st regiment. Col. Fry the 2nd, Col. Thomas the 3rd, Col. Thompson the 4th; James D. Henry commanded the spy battalion. The whole brigade was put under the command of Brigadier Gen. Samuel Whiteside of the State Militia, who had commanded the spy battalion in the first campaign. On the 2Tth of April Gen. Whiteside, accompanied by Gov. Reynolds, took up his line of march. It seems that the Indians continued their march up the Rock river toward the Green Bay country, attacking settle- ments on the way, killing the white settlers and committing various depredations. They were also pursued by the army, which, after a long and tedious march, enduring the most intense suffering, finally overtook them, and, after several severe battles, drove them to the Mississippi, where the last great battle was fought. Black Hawk and some twenty other Indians escaped up the river. A number of l(^=— — 18 PRINCETON. Sioux and Winnebago Indians were sent in pursuit of him. These tribes, though sympathizing with the hostile band, were as accomplished in treachery to their friends, when friendship was most needed, as are a more civilized people. They had lately seen so striking a display of the strength of the white man, that, like a more polished race, their mean and crafty natures clung to the side of power. Headed by the one-eyed Decori, a Winnebago chief, they went in pursuit of Black Hawk and his party, and cap- tured them high up on the Wisconsin river. The prisoners were brought down to Prairie Du Chien and delivered up to Gen. Street, the United States Indian Agent. Amongst them was a son of Black Hawk, and also the Prophet, a noted chief who formerly resided at Prophetstown, in Whiteside county, and who was one of the principal insti- gators of the war. Upon the arrival of the troops at Prairie Du Chien, the volunteers were ordered to Dixon, where they were dis- charged, and then each merry, brave man hastened, as he pleased, to his home, his kindred and friends. Black Hawk and his son, Naapape, Wishick, and the Prophet, were sent down to Rock Island ; and with them went many of the Winnebago chiefs to meet Keokuk, and the other chiefs of the Sacs and Foxes. But when they arrived at Bock Island, the place appointed for a treaty, the cholera had broken out there, so that Gen. Scott and Gov. Reynolds, with the prisoners and other chiefs, fell down to Jefferson Barracks, where a treaty was made, by which the Sacs and Foxes ceded to the United States a large tract of land bordering on the Mississippi from the Desmoine to Turkey river in the territory of Iowa. The prisoners named were held as hostages, for the peaceful behavior of the hostile Indians. They were taken to Washington city, where they had an interview with Presi- INDIAN WAR. 19 dent Jackson, to whom, it is reported, Black Hawk said : " I am a man, and you are another. We did not expect to conquer the white people. I took up the hatchet to revenge injuries which could no longer be borne. Had I borne them longer, my people would have said. Black Hawk is a squaw ; he is too old to be a chief. He is no Sac. This caused me to raise the war-whoop. I say no more of it. All is known to you. Keokuk once was here ; you took him by the hand, and when he wanted to return, you sent him back to his nation. Black Hawk expects that, like Keokuk, we will be permitted to return too." The President told him, that when he was satisfied that all things would remain quiet, they should return. He then took them by the hand and dismissed them. They were then sent to Fortress Monroe, where Black Hawk became much attached to Col. Eustiss, the com- mander at the Fort. On parting with him, Black Hawk said, " The memory of your friendship will remain until the Great Spirit says that it is time for Black Hawk to sing his death song;" then presenting him with a hunting dress, and some feathers of the white eagle, he said : "Accept these, my brother; I have given one like them to the White Beaver," (Gen. Atkinson.) "Accept them from Black Hawk, and when he is far away, they will serve to remind you of him. May the Great Spirit bless you and your children. Farewell." By order of the President, these Indian prisoners, on the 4th day of June, 1833, were returned to their own country. They were taken to Baltimore, Philadelphia, New York, and other cities, to show them the numbers and power of the white people. In all these places they attracted great attention ; crowds every where collected to see them ; and they even divided the attention and curi- osity of the public with Gen. Jackson himself, who was m= 20 PRINCETON. tf then making the tour of the northern States. Amongst others, the ladies universally sought their acquaintance ; and one young lady, (said to be respectable,) in her admiration of Black Hawk's son, actually kissed him, before crowds of people. In return for their politeness and sympathy, Black Hawk told them that they were "very pretty squaws." They were returned by way of the New York canal and the northern lakes, to their own people in the wilderness west of the Mississippi. Black Hawk lived until the 3rd of October, 1840, when he was gathered to his fathers at the age of eighty years, and was buried on the banks of -the great river where he had spent his life, and which he had loved so much. During the years 1834-5, the town and surrounding country was being settled quite rapidly, for those days, with a population that sought for improvements generally. Nothing of special interest worthy of note, with perhaps the exception of the division of the county, and locating the county seat, (which we notice in the sketch of the county,) occurred in the history of the town for several successive years. Although more or less changes were made, yet, up to 1850, but little difference in the general appearance of the place was effected. About this time the subject of building a railroad from Peru to Rock Island, passing through this place, was being agitated. Meetings were held in the different counties through which the contemplated road was to pass, and a large amount of stock was subscribed for. But ere any thing very definite was done, another route was proposed, from Chicago to Rock Island via LaSalle and Peru, passing some six miles south of Princeton. This route was finally adopted, and the road rapidly built, which somewhat disappointed the hopes of our — ^ _________ .^ T RAILROADS. 21 citizens. It proved, however, to be a mere dark cloud, which was destined soon to pass away, and usher in a day even more glorious in its prospects than any hitherto anticipated. Another road was soon in contemplation, to be called the Central 3Iilitary Tract Railroad, connecting at Mendota with the Chicago and Aurora Extension Rail- road, running south-west to Galesburg, there to connect with the Peoria and Oquawka Railroad, and pass on to Burlino-ton, Iowa ; also with the Northern Cross Rail- road, the southern terminus of which is at Quincy, 111. The surveys for this route were in process in the summer of 1852, and finally located during the succeeding winter — the stock being nearly or quite all subscribed for. The contract for building the road was also let, and during the spring and summer of 1853 the work was pushed vigor- ously forward. In little more than a year from its com- mencement the grading was nearly all completed, and the laying of the rails slowly followed. In the month of September, 1854, the road was com- pleted to this place, and trains of cars arrived and departed daily. During the following winter, the road being finished, trains commenced making regular trips from Chicago to Burlington, a distance of two hundred and ten miles. The three roads have since been consol- idated into one, and are now known as the Chicago, Bur- lington and Quincy Railroad. It not only passes through the handsomest portions of Illinois, linking Chicago with the noble Mississippi, but is acknowledged to be one of the hest roads in the country. Thus it affords pleasure and ease, and also profit, to the traveler, and gives him an opportunity of viewing the rich and fertile prairies, pleasant groves, meandering streams and thriving towns as he passes them ; and especially he can now look with favor and delight upon the general appearance and site of 22 PRINCETON. Princeton, as he approaches and also leaves it, in its growing prospect and enterprise. Before the completion of the railroad, however, enter- prise was not wanting here, yet all hail with joy and gladness the iron horse as he comes dashing into our midst, drawing the heavy laden passenger and freight trains ! Yes, the crowded bins of the warehouses, the lively step of the merchant who is fast for closing a bar- o-ain, the sound of the hammer of numerous mechanics, busily engaged in erecting buildings throughout the town, the happy countenance of the farmer, bearing his produce to market, and the busy hum of carriages, prove that the cars are greeted with a hearty welcome. Since the completion of the railroad to this place, property in real estate has been advancing in value quite rapidly ; still, we think lots can be obtained at reasonable rates. Good business lots on Main street, between the Public Square and Prairie and Monroe Houses, are rang- ing from $40 to $60 per foot. North of this block they can be bought much cheaper. Lots for residences sell for from $100 to SoOO each, according to size and location. And not only this, but the population has greatly in- creased, — not so rapidly and astonishingly as some newer places which have sprung up in the night, as it were, and which are destined to flourish a short time and then ' ' dry up," but a steady and healthy growth, which will increase as years roll on. The population within the limits of the corporation, according to the last census, taken nearly a year since, was 2,238. Now it is computed at from 2,500 to 3,000. It is estimated that for the past three years there has been an average of from 100 to 150 houses built per year. Several new and commodious stores, in blocks and separate, have been erected and completed during the _^,%, STORES, HOTEL, ETC. past year, which are all occupied. Many persons have visited our place with a view of settling among us and engaging in business, but failing to find either tenements or rooms for business, have been obliged to seek other places. It is hoped that our more wealthy citizens will turn their attention to this fact, and become induced to invest their capital in building at home, and thus con- tribute to improve and build up the town, rather than spend all in speculating in real estate abroad. Some have already anticipated this desideratum, and two sub- stantial brick blocks have been erected. The first, a large hotel, called the American House, the dimensions of which are as follows : main building 100 feet long, 50 wide, four stories high ; one wing 33 by 28, three stories high ; another wing 20 by 30, two stories high. The first story contains seven stores ; the upper stories, or hotel part, contain upward of fifty rooms, and are finished after the latest style of architecture, having all the modern improve- ments. The building was erected mainly by the following 24 PRINCETON. named persons, at a cost of about $32,000 : Stevens & McConihes, John H. Bryant, J. Albright, A. Gosse, William Carse and Elijah Dee. (Another block is in contemplation by the same com- pany, to be built on the adjoining lot east of the hotel, to be three stories high, and containing seven stores, 24 by 100 feet, a large public hall, 60 by 100 feet, with offices on second and third floors.) The second block, known as the new "Mercantile Block," built by Messrs. R. T. Templeton, E. G. Jester, and Geo. Hughes, is two stories in height, the main build- ino; beino; 67 feet front, and 60 and 85 in width. It con- tains three stores, with rooms for offices above, and cost about $10,000. A large steam Flouring Mill has lately been erected by Messrs. Bobbins, Lawson & Co., at a cost of $12,000, which is doing a large business, as will be seen by our statistics. A large brick steam Furniture Factory has been built, and is now in ^full blast. A Stove Foun- dry has also been in operation about ten months, and is now turning out some mammoth specimens of stoves. The proprietors, Messrs. Miller & Chritzman, design erecting a substantial building during the present year, that they may be enabled to carry on a large business in their line. A steam Planing Mill and Sash Factory has also been erected by A. L. Davis, which has sent out some $7,000 worth of work during the past year, and will do a much larger business the present year. A new system of tanning leather has been introduced by one of our citizens, Mr. Geo. W. Hatch, who for the past year has given the public an opportunity of test- ing his leather ; and though he has had many obstacles to surmount, and many objections to overcome, — for like all new projects, his at first was viewed with distrust and '&=- If GRAIN STATISTICS. 25 US' adopted with caution, — he has succeeded in obtaining a patent, and is fast gaining favor. We learn that he con- templates building a commodious brick Tannery, which will enable him to carry on the business on a much larger scale. Part of the brick is already on the ground. Ever since the division of the county and the establish- ment of the county seat at Princeton, it has been noted as a great business place, taking into consideration its popu- lation, and for the last year or two has greatly increased in this respect, and still continues to advance ; and we doubt whether another inland town of its size, or even larger, can be found to excel or equal it. People from abroad are often astonished while passing through Main street, to find it crowded with the teams of farmers who have come into town to do their trading, rendering it at times almost impassable. Teams are continually passing to and from the depot, loaded with produce, lumber, wood, coal, etc. To substantiate this statement, we will here give some important statistics, a portion of which, through the polite- ness of Mr. C. Barrie, agent, we gather from the freight books of the Chicago and Burlington Eailroad, for 1856. Amount of Grain Shipped. Corn, bushels 200,000 Wheat, " 82,600 Oats, " 27,800 The above figures are much smaller than they were the previous year, owing to the low price of grain during the past year, which has induced many of the farmers to hold over their produce. We are told by grain dealers, and by some of our extensive farmers, that we may safely say that full one-half of the grain raised in the vicinity of Princeton during the past year has not yet been brought into market. This is particularly true in regard to wheat. 2 ^=- =m S= ==^ 26 PRINCETON. If this is correct, we have the sum of 165,5^00 bushels of wheat, to which we acid the amount received at the mills, making a total of 265,200 bushels. There are two Flouring Mills in Princeton, and the fol- lowing is a statement of their operations during the year 1856: Amount of Flour Manufactured. Eobbins, Lawson & Co. (Princeton City Mills) bbls. 12,000 Hurlbut & Bingham bbls. 8,000 Total 20,000 Amount of Grain Used. PRINCETON CITY MILLS. Custom work — Wheat, bushels 22,500 " " Corn, " 2,000 " " Buckwheat, " 500 . Merchant work — Wheat, bushels 37,500 Corn, " 500 Total : Wheat, bushels 60,000 Corn, " 2,500 Buckwheat, " 500 HURLBUT & BINGHAM. Custom work — Wheat, bushels 30,000 " " Corn, " 8,000 Merchant work — Wheat, bushels 10,000 " " Corn, " 5,000 Total : Wheat, bushels 40,000 Corn, " . 13,000 The Pork business, during the past year, has been quite small in comparison with former seasons, which may be accounted for by the fact that our farmers have preferred to raise more corn and less pork. There have been, how- ever, about 1,000 dressed, and something less than half that number of live, hogs shipped by railroad. ls= LUMBER TRADE, FUEL. 27 The Lumber trade of Princeton is of no small import- ance. Although we have some three or four dealers in this article, yet the demand exceeds the supply, owing in part to the difficulty of getting it shipped from Chicago, on account of the great amount of freighting done on the railroad. The following is a statement of the amount of Lumber received at the depot during 1856 : Amount of Lumber Received. Lumber, feet 2,396,476 Shingles, M 1,553,000 Lath, bunches 5,000 FueL The amount of Coal received from other places by rail- road, during 1856, for the use of our citizens, was about 600 tons. A large amount has also been brought by teams from Sheffield and Tiskilwa, amounting in all to about 800 or 1,000 tons. But Princeton is by no means dependent upon other places for her fuel, as will readily be seen by the fact that 11,000 cords of wood have been hauled to the depot during the year 1856, and sold for the use of the Railroad Company at this and other sta- tions. There are now 12,000 cords at the depot, covering about ten acres of ground ! A coal bed has lately been discovered within a few miles of the town, and we doubt not but others will soon be found, and that Princeton- will soon famish coal, as well as wood, for home and foreign consumption. That the reader may have something of an idea of the amount of business done by the Railroad at this place, we will give a table showing the amount of money received by the company for freight shipped to and from Princeton I during the year 1856. '^13== PRINCETON, Amount of Cash Beceived for In Freight. MONTHS. PRE- BACK LOCAL PAID. CHARGES. I CHARGES I January j February ' $9 $980 "68 1,214 17 1,933 25 1,297 04 2,088 69 1,538 68 2,082 72 1,509 50 2,936 10 2,601 52 1,580 07 1,487 90 Total \$3 7 91 $10,338~64 S2T,250 32 There has been $7,200 received at this office for pas- senger tickets during the year 1856. Amount of Cash Beceived for Freight Forwarded. March April May June July August September 2 October \ 5 November \ December ! 2 79 84 18 15 26 80 25 59 55 38 12 §330 58 125 m 302 49 1,280 97 2,008 61 705 89 707 92 599 311 886 05: 1,036 70i 1,565 59, 789 52 MONTHS. PRE- PAID. January ! 55 February $6 85 March , 11 34 April ; 13 01 May 17 76 June 9 88 July ,. 8 25 August ] 2 29 September 5 49 October \ 13 00 November j December | 12 84 Total $101 26 I BACK ! CHARGES. $6 57 i 7 04 14 85 47 93 24 22 4 01 43 59 25 25 46 71! LOCAL CHARGES. $459 78 503 82 449 30 613 99 1,996 35 2,886 80 3,674 25 6,148 44 6,446 86 4,886 15 822 58 361 97 $195 42 $29,450 29 There has also been $46,000 paid out for wood, posts and ties during the year 1856. I3=- BUSINESS STATISTICS. 29 These figures, which are not exaggerated, compare well with many towns claiming to have five times the number of inhabitants that Princeton has, and that are not only connected by railroad with Chicago and the East, but have the advantage of navigation on the Mississippi river, thus affording communication with the North and the South also. Indeed, while all compare well according to popula- tion, some exceed and even double ! A goodly number of stores and shops of all kinds are already established and doing a fine trade. Some of the older firms are carrying on a large and extensive business, that might well be envied by many leading firms located in much larger places. We designed giving the amount of capital invested and sales made during the past year, in each particular branch of business, but were unable to do so, owing to a variety of reasons. Below are some of the most import- ant, and will give the reader some idea of the whole. Amount of Amount of KIND OF BUSINESS. j Capital Sales during Invested, i Past Year. Dry Goods $100,000| $250,000 Grocery and Variety Stores Clothing Stores Stoves, Tin and Hardware Harness Shops Boots and Shoes Furniture Stores Drug Stores Jeweh'y Stores 21, 000 j 85,000 22,000 50,000 18,000 50,000 7,000 6,000 18,000 35,000 18,000 35,000 7,500: 10,000 There are three Brick Yards in Princeton, which, dur- ing the past year, have manufactured and sold upward of I 3,400,000 brick, at an average of $5.75 per thousand. II There is one steam Saw Mill, though it is in operation A ■-=^1 30 PRINCETON. but a part of the time. During the past year it has sawed upward of 171,000 feet of Lumber. But to be more particular, we will here give a list of persons engaged in the various branches of business. Dealers in Dry Goods. William Carse. Kawson Brothers. Converse & Thomson. Alex. Boyd. A. & M. Carse. A. & L. Hiscock. David Robinson, Jr. & Co J. Biale & Son. A. Knights, from Philadel'a Stevens & McConihes. Alfred Johnson. D. Gr. Salisbury. P. N. Newell & Co. H. J. Everett. Wm. H. Mason. Mrs. Jane F. Hale. designs opening a store soon. Grocery and Variety Stores. Delano & Burr. J. Crittenden & Co. James Corbett & Bro. Morrison & Fisher. E. Wester. A. C. Gilcrest k Co. W. H. Colesbery. Baker & Garvin. James Crownover. J. F. Fieselman. Dealers in Stoves, Tin and Hardware. Jacobs & White. Paddock & Seaman. A. S. & E. C. Chapman. Clotliing Stores. J. Walter & Co. E. Wester. Dernham & Bosenstraus. Wolf, Bergman & Co. Merchant Tailors. John S. MuUiner. i Ambrose & Burnsides. ■» I Millinery and Dress Making. Mrs. Jane F. Hale. Mrs. C. Meservy. Mrs. C. C. Selfridge. BUSINESS STATISTICS. 31 Drug Stores. Boclley & Wilson. W. H. Winter. P. F. Packard. E. Harris. Converse & Thomson. JeTvelry Stores. P. Faofercrantz. Manufacturers of and Dealers in Furniture. Levisee & Davis. James T. Stevens. Stowell & Co. S. E. Newbery. A. P. Lawson & Co. William Grant. Harness Shops. E. G. Jester & Co. Boot and Shoe Shops. J. W. Harwoocl & Co. | Preston S. Barr & Co. G. Yan A^elzer. A. Love. William Jones. Apthorp & Butler. Frank Woodwortb. Charles Van Velzer. Bakeries. I William Harris. Dininff Saloons. Henry W. Kelly. J. H. Smith. Meat Markets. Collett & Jones. 1 E. M. & A. Bartles. Produce Merchants. A. & J. N. Fisher. , E. H. Brooks. E. Curtis. Sidney Smith. R. P. Conner & Dratt. Stevens & McConihes. William Warren. William Carse. P, N. Newell & Co. m^^=- -=m 32 PRINCETON. Lumber Yards. Jacob Fetrow & Co. Dunbar & Spring. Priestley & Carpenter. Andrew Gosse. Gillett Burr. Brick Yards. Alvin Burton. Carpenters and Joiners. A. Whitmarsh. Paine & Merriam. J. N. Carlton. A. B. Tliayer. Eli K Mathis. A. C. Prout. Abel Martin. E. White. E. H. Swayne. S. D. Hinsdale. Huntington & Campbell. B. Bartholomew. R. Smith. Morse & Wolfenbergar. James Grant. J. Crocker. A. H. Burrell. George Grant. David Grant. Masons. Henry H. Richards. Gunsmiths. I S. J. Lindbarg. Blacksmiths. William H. Cook. Anson P. Fish. C. Conklin. Wagon Shops. Robert Waterson, M. Richards. W. H. Snow. C. Wilson. Bill & Morse. William Spangler. Painters. Adley & Elmendorf. Livery Stables. I J. P. Allison. S^1=— BUSINESS STATISTICS. Civil Engineers and Surveyors. George H. Rol)bins. | Winsbip & Hodgeman. I C. B. Johnson. | j Nursery Men. Arthur Bryant. I John G. Bubach. Steam Flouring BfSiils. S. p. Bin2;ham. j Robbms, Lawson & Co. P. W. Ferris. W. C. Anthony. A. B. Bodley. Joseph Shugart. J. W. Gamwell. Levi J. Woodbury. Peters & Farwell. Taylor & Stipp. Milo Kendall. M. Ballou. Levi North. C. L. Kelsey. Charles J. Peckham. Dentists. j B. Brainard. Physicians. I William 0. Chamberlain. A. E. Griffith. ! AVilliam Mercer. I Joseph Mercer. j Alvin Ballou. Attorneys. William M. Zearing. I C P. Allen. j Joseph S. Williams. I J. M. Grimes. i William A. Frazer. ! J. Porter, Jr. I George 0. Ide. Banking Houses. Kelsey, Waller & Co. Hulburd, Sharp & Co. Hotels. Eagle Hotel, William McKee, Proprietor. Monroe House, William L. Dayton, Proprietor, Prairie House, Joseph Donaldson, Proprietor. American House. m i£3<^==- -=^1 34 PRINCETON. Newspapers. Princeton Post, Charles Faxon, Editor and Proprietor. Bureau County Democrat, C. N. Pine, Editor and Pro- prietor. Miscellaneous. C. Barrie Freight Agent Chi. & Burl. E. R. S. P. Bingham Proprietor of Steam Saw Mill. Bufus Carey County Treasurer. Bev. A. B. Church . . School Commissioner. Colbe & Frick Barbers. A. L. Davis Proprietor of Steam Planing Mill. Bobt. B. Dunbar . . . Wire Fence Builder. Homer Fellows Assistant Post Master. E. M. Fisher Clerk of Circuit Court and Becorder. B. B. Foster Dealer in Books and Stationery. E. M. G-ardiner .... Tobacco and Cigar Store. William Gaylor .... Expressman. George W. Hatch . . Tanner. Mrs. Jane F. Hale . Music Store. William H. Masters . Ambrotype Artist. Miller & Chritzman . Stove Foundry. N. Matson Dealer in Beal Estate. T. A. North Cooper. J. W. Neighbour . . . Dealer in Apples, Cider and Vinegar. S. Osborn Marble Shop. H. Patterson Telegraph Operator. C. N. Pine Post Master. John D. Beynolds . .Broom Manufacturer. John B. Sloan Portrait and Landscape Painter. I. B. Smith Publisher. J. L. Swarts Daguerrean Artist. Spaulding & Smith . . Manufacturers of Wire Fence. C. A. Smith Expressman and Drayman. J. V. Thompson .... County Clerk. Z. K. Waldron Sheriff. In the preceding list we have only designed to give the names of those who are doing business for themselves. Besides these there are a large number of hands actively engaged in nearly every branch of business. CHURCHES. 35 The following list of Churches and Schools shows that the inhabitants here still imbibe the spirit of the Puritan Fathers. For it has often been remarked, that wherever their descendants went, they were sure to erect a suitable place for the worship of God, and also to establish schools as soon as circumstances would allow. Hampshire Colony Congregational Church. Organized at Northampton, Mass., March 23rd, 1831, and settled in Princeton, July Gth, 1831. Number of members at the time of settlement, 6 ; present number of resident members, 160. This church has had but three settled ministers. Eev. Lucien Farnham commenced his labors in 1833, and was installed first pastor, October 21st, 1835, and continued as such until April, 1839. Rev. Owen Lovejoy commenced preaching October, 1838, and was installed as pastor November 7th, 1839, and con- tinued his relation as such until January, 1856, a period of seventeen years. .Rev. N. A. Keyes was stated supply during the year 1856. Rev. Samuel D. Cochran, present pastor, was settled in January, 1857. The church has built two houses of worship — the first was a framed build- ing; the second, a brick building, 44 by 65, erected in 1848, and which was thought to be sufiiciently large for many years to come, but is now too small, and arrangements will probably soon be made for enlarging or building anew. Presbyterian Church, (Old School). Organized October 26th, 1837, under the name of the "First Independent Congregational Church." Became Presbyterian, December 25th, 1846. Number of mem- bers when organized, 24 ; number of resident members at present, 110. Rev. A. B. Church was minister most of the time from its organization till it became Presbyterian. (^ g§=- -^m l£3' 36 PRINCETON. -=&§ Rev. I. Pillsbury was stated supply from August lltL, 1844, to December 7th, 1845 ; Rev. John Stocker most of the year following ; Rev. William Perkins, from May 1st, 1847, to October, 1849, having been installed pastor October, 1847 ; Rev. I. Pillsbury, from October, 1849, to April 20th, 1854, having been installed May, 1850; Rev. William P. Carson supplied during the summer of 1855. Rev. J. C. Barr, the present pastor, commenced as supply October, 1855, and was installed pastor January 3rd, 1856. This church and society have just completed a fine church edifice, 50 by 80, at a cost of about $11,000. They formerly occupied a framed building, erected goon after the organization of the church. Baptist Church. Organized in the summer of 1835. Number of mem- bers at the time of organization, 13 ; present number of resident members, 136. The church has been supplied with preaching by different ministers until June, 1853, when Rev. F. B. Ives, the present pastor, commenced his labors. This church completed a small framed building for a house of worship in 1848, which has since been enlarged, but is now too small to accommodate the congre- gation. A lot has already been purchased, with a view of building again soon. Methodist Episcopal Church. Organized October, 1833. It was then a part of Princeton Circuit ; Rev. William Royal was then pastor. Number of members at the time of organization, 8 ; present number of resident members, 73. In July, 1851, it was made a Station, Rev. M. P. Sweet, pastor, who continued this relation till October, 1853. He was followed by Rev. J. 0. Gilbert for one year. Rev. J. W. Stoo-dill was his 2Sg=- 5i^ mJ CHURCHES. 37 successor for two years, to September, 185G. He -was followed by the present pastor, Rev. Silas Searl. In 1845 they erected a brick house of worship, which they still occupy. Methodist Protestant Church. Organized in 1837, with 8 members. Present num- ber of resident members, 64. Rev. John Cauch, pastor. This church has erected but one house of worship, a small brick building, which they now occupy. Christian Chviroh. Organized the 8th of March, 1840. Number of mem- bers when organized, about 20 ; present number, about 75. John M. Yearnshaw, preacher when the society was organized ; since then, George McManis, John Ross, John Sargent and D. R. Howe, the latter being the present preacher. The society built a brick meeting-house, 28 by 40, in 1845, which they still occuj)y. Swedish Evangelical Lutheran Church. Organized June 16th, 1854. Number of members when organized, 46 ; present number, 100. Rev. L. P. Esbjorn, pastor. This church has just completed a neat framed house of worship, 30 by 42, at a cost of $1,500. German Evangelical United Lutheran and Reformed Church. Organized April 27th, 1856. Number of members at the time of organization, 44 ; present number, 52. Rev. C. Reas, pastor. During the past year this church have built a small though neat framed house of worship, 26 by 36, at a cost of about $1,200. Connected with the foregoino: Churches are Sabbath Schools. a3=- •-=m ¥38 PRINCETON. The German Methodists meet regularly every Sabbath for church services at a school house near the depot, but as yet are not organized into a church. Episcopal services are also now held every Sabbath, but no church is yet formed. SCHOOLS. Princeton Seminary — James H. Smith, Principal ; Miss Ada Walker, Assistant. Established 1851. Aver- age attendance from its commencement to the present time, 81. Union (Public) School. — This school is divided into four departments, as follows : No. 1 ... . taught by Miss Jane M. Skinner. No. 2 " " " Victoria M. White. No. 3 " " " A. M. Lane, assisted by Miss H. H. Currier. No. 4 taught by Mr. J. A, Sewall, assisted by Miss E. a. Noble. Number of scholars in department No. 1 82 Miss Bradley's Select School. — Whole number of scholars, 40. This school was commenced in April, 1856, and has been quite prosperous thus far. One or two other select schools have been in operation during the past year, but are now discontinued. (( <( (( " 3... 94 (< (( (( *' 4... 120 Total . 367 Average attendance, 294. J. A. Sewall, Principal. - — —-=^\ CHARACTER OF CITIZENS. 39 Music Teachers. J. N. Carlton Teacher of Vocal Music. J. J. Doolittle Mrs. C. F. Newell Teacher of Instrumental Music. Mrs. 0. E. Jaynes Miss Amelia Ferris . .... " " Miss F.Cohen Miss Sarah A. Fisher. . . Miss W.Walker CHARACTER OF THE CITIZENS. Most of the inhabitants of Princeton were originally from the New England and Middle States, (though we have a "smart sprinkling" of foreigners, composed mostly of Swedes and Germans, who make a very good class of citizens,) and are therefore characterized by that " go-a-head-a-tiveness " so generally possessed by the people of those States. ' Not only are they enterprising, industrious and intelligent, but also exhibit a high de- gree of refinement which makes its appearance in various forms. Particular attention is paid to the cultivation of the science of music, both vocal and instrumental, as well as the more common branches of education. Perhaps we ought to dwell more particularly on the subject of music as we mention it here, inasmuch as such a high degree of musical talent is exhibited among us. We suppose it is safe to say that there is not another place of the same size that can equal Princeton in respect to musical attain- ments. With regard to the morality of the place, we would judge that it is quite as good as most places of its size, East or West ; and we believe it is generally considered that it has improved in this respect within the last few years. Still, there is room for improvement. Sic passim. ^327 13=- i 40 PRINCETON. The town of Princeton was incorporated March loth, 1838, by vote of the citizens, under the general incorpo- ration law, and on the 24th of March, 1838, the follow- ing persons were chosen trustees of the town : John Vaughn, Stephen Wilson, Justin H. Olds, William 0. Chamberlain, and John Miller. The subject of organizing under a charter, and becom- ing incorporated as a city, is now being agitated somewhat, though we can not learn that any thing very definite has yet been done in regard to it. ^ That Ppjnceton will eventually become a large inland city, there is not the least shadow of a doubt, xlnother railroad is in contemplation from LaSalie to Princeton, a charter having been granted for the same at the last ses- sion of the legislature. Several New York capitalists have already been attracted here, and one farm situated near the depot has been purchased with a view of laying it out into town lots and erectino; a number of buildinos thereon. Nature has afforded it a most excellent site for a large town. It is situated on a somewhat level plain, yet sufficiently "high and dry," and can be seen from a distance of many miles. The surrounding country is acknowledged to be one of the finest portions of the State, having no superior. The prairie in the immediate vicinity of Princeton is nearly all under cultivation ; and more rich and easier soil to till, we do not believe can be found. Timber is plenty, as has been proved by our wood statistics, being found all along Bureau creek and other streams, and here and there many a large grove of good timber can be seen. * Since the above was written, we learn that an Act has passed the Legislature, extending the Corporation limits, and granting a Town Charter, which provides for the election of a Board of Councilmen and President; thus giving Princeton all the privileges of an incorporated City, minus the name. I3=— -=^l METEOROLOGICAL TABLES. 41 As to liealthfulness of climate, few places have been more bighly favored. True, there is occasionally some sickness, and people do die here — mirahile dictu! But when we compare the mortality of the place with eastern towns of the same size, we find it to be much less. Here we will insert a Meteorological Table, furnished us by our citizen, Mr. N. Matson, which perhaps may serve to give the reader some idea of the climate in this region. METEOROJLOGICAL, TABIiES FOK 1850-1-2. TAKEN MORNING AND NOON OF EACH DAY. THE FOLLOWING IS THE MEAN TEMPERATURE: 1850. January . . February . March . . , . April May June July August . . . September October , . . November . December . Total. SE0KKE8 1 1 DATS OP INCHES. & HUND. 1 EAIN. 1 25.25 i 1 Vz 30.50 i 2 Vz 34.50 1 4 2 40.00 1 8 2K 57.50 4 1^ 71.00 8 3X 78.00 9 5K 70.50 10 8}4 60.00 10 2>^ 51.50 5 3 44.00 5 ^K 21.50 2 1 34 68 DATS OF ' SNOW. ] 9>^ 1 13 16>i Average Temperature for Seasons : — Winter, 29 . 00 deg. ; Spring, 43.16; Summer, 73.00; Autumn, 51.00. Average Temperature for Year: — 48.75 cleg. Great&it Cold: January 4th— 12 deg. below zero. Greatest Heat: July 10th— 101 deg. above zero. i 2=^^ 42 PRINCETON. METEOKOI^OGICAIi TABL.ES. 1S51. January Febi'uary March April . . . , May June July August September October November December 21. 50 DEGREES DATS OP INCHES. DAYS OF INCHES. & HUND. RAIN. SNOW. 29.00 1 K ! 2 84.00 9 3>^ 2 2>^ 40.50 1 4 2K 2 44.50 7 ^% 1 4>^ 61.00 I 14 UK 1 66.50 1 13 1% . . . • 74.00 i i 14 ^Vz • ■ ■ • 69.00 1 1 8 ^Yz 1 • • • • 68.00 ' 3 2i€ • . . . 56.50 i 1 X 36.00 4 IM i 3 ZK 21.50 1 5 2>^ \ 2 5i Total. 83 50?< 12 10>i Average Temperature for Seasons : Winter, 28.00 deg. ; Spring, 48.33; Summer, 70.00; Autumn, 54.00. Average Temperature of Year : 50.25 deg. Greatest Cold: December 15th — 15 deg. below zero. Greatest Heat: July 14th — 98 de^. above zero. 185S. January .. . February . March April May June July August . .. . September Oc tober . . . November . December . Total. DEGREES DATS OF INCHES. DATS OF & HUND. RAIN. SNOW. 22.00 1 3 l^i i 9 34.00 ; 2 }i ! 2 36.50 7 5K i 2 , 42.50 i 10 ZK 3 59.00 1 10 ^Vz 1 68.00 1 7 S}4 75.00 ! 8 IH ' 73.50 1 2 — 1 65.50 1 8 5% '■ 1 i 59.00 10 7K 1 . 30.50 6 3}i 4 27.00 4 1 4 1 77 37K 2 4 1 2K 16 UK 9>^ 44K Average Temper-ature for Seasons: Winter, 30.60 deg. ; Spring, 59.33; Summer, 71.00; Autumn, 38.66. Average Temperature of Year : 49.75 deg. Greatest Cold: January 19th — 23 deg. below zero. Greatest Heat: August 30th — 98 deg. above zero. And thus we have a hasty glance at Princeton — its early settlement, and present business advantages — ^yet here is room for more ; and there is a future prospect j(5a*r- GENERAL REMARKS. 43 that speaks loudly, inviting the enterprising merchant, the capitalist and manufacturer, to cast in his lot with us. There is no point in the West that we are acquainted with wliere capital could be invested to better advantage in manufactures than in Princeton. Machine shops, plow and carriage factories are very much needed, and would be well patronized. A large number of carriages are every year imported from the East, but these are generally of an inferior kind, and the people would prefer a home manufactured article ; and we hope soon to see an extensive factory of this description in operation here- Indeed, nearly all kinds of (honest) business would "p«y" here, if prosecuted judiciously and with sufficient energy. Then to the honest and industrious person, whether rich or poor, who has the " Western fever, ^^ we say, come to this bounteous land and be cured. You will meet with a hearty welcome, and find a home in a community where intelligence, ipdustry, educational and religious privileges are not wanting, and where you mvij gain a share of its wealth and add to its prosperity. Let the hardy and industrious farmer who is toiling on the rocks and hills of New England, endeavorino; to obtain a livelihood from a seven-by-nine patch of ground, come to the Prairie State and view the large fields of waving grain, dotted here and there with comfortable farm houses, the home of many a happy farmer, the thriving towns and villages springing up as if by magic, and then decide to purchase a home among us. Yes, farmers and mechanics, merchants, etc., come to the lively town of Princeton and partake with us of the spirit of enterprise which seems to prevail here; come and enjoy the privileges which have been secured, by untiring energy and perseverance, during the past twenty-five years, and help us to roll forward the ball of improvement and progress. ^^ m= =^i 44 TABLE OF DISTANCES. TABLE OF DISTAIS^CES. (EAST — by Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R. to Chicago.) From Princeton to miles. Maiden, (Dover) 5 Arlington 12 Mendota 21 Earlville . 32 Waverly 38 Somonauk 45 Newark 48 Piano 52 Bristol 58 Oswego 62 Montgomery 64 From Princeton to miles. West Aurora 65 Aurora 66 Batavia 73 Junction 79 Winfield 82 Wheaton 84 Danby 86 Babcock's Grove 89 Cottage Hill 93 Oak Ridge 101 Chicago 109 (WEST— by Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R. to Burlington.) From Princeton to miles. From Princeton to miles. Wyanet 7 Wataga 51 Buda 13 Galesburg 59 Neponset 19 Cameron 68 Monmouth 75 Young America 82 Kewanee 27 Galva 35 Altona 43 Oneida Oquawka Junction 93 Burlington 101 ("WEST — by Chicago, Burlington & Quincy R. R. to Wyanet j thence to Rock Island by Chicago & Rock Island R. R.) From Princeton to miles. Wyanet 7 Sheffield 15 Annawa 24 Geneseo 37 From Princeton to miles. Colona 48 Moline 58 Rock Island , 61 (SOUTH — by stage to Bureau Junction; thence by Bureau Valley R. R. to Peoria.) From Princeton to Bureau Junction 8 Snatchwine 16 Henry 21 Lacon 28 milbs. From Princeton to miles. Chillicothe 36 Rome 39 Mossville 45 Peoria 54 [3==- -^ A vM- =g| irwf ^kt^lt of luwati ^flunt^. The first settlement in tlils county was made by Messrs. Bulbona and Henry Thomas, in 1828. During the pre- ceding year, Mr. H. Thomas was engaged, with others, in surveying a stage route from Peoria to Galena, — and while thus employed he made a claim at Bureau Grove, where he moved the following year. Others soon fol- lowed, among whom were Messrs. Ezekiel Thomas, Abram Obrist, Abram Stratton, Sylvester Brigham and J. G. Forestall. Other settlements were made soon after. C. S. Boyd, located at Boyd's Grove; Joseph Smith, at "Dad Joe's Grove"; Jno. Hall, at Hall's Settlement ; Elijah Epperson, on Bureau creek ; and others at various places in the county. The first Post Office in the county was established at Bureau Grove in 1831, and Henry Thomas was post master. This county was a part of Putnam until 1837, when an act was approved creating Bureau county. It being left to the voters of the county to decide in regard to its division, there was witnessed one of the most exciting elections ever held in this county. As soon as the result was fully known, a general rejoicing took place, and tbe news was greeted by the citizens of Princeton with many huzzas, bonfires, torch-light processions, etc. This county is bounded on the north by Whiteside and Lee counties ; on the east by LaSalle county and the Illi- \^ «==^ 46 BUREAU COUNTY. nois river, and Putnam county at the extreme south-east corner ; on the south by Putnam, Marshall and Stark counties ; and on the west by Henry county. The county seat is located at Princeton. In 1845 the county erected a good substantial brick Court House, at a cost of about $9,U00, which is said to be one of the best court houses in the State. COXJS,T ilOXJSS. A new Jail was completed in 1856, which is attached to the sheriff's house. The whole building cost about $10,500. When the first settlers came to this county, it was necessary for them to bring their supplies of provisions, or an abundance of money to procure them with, for at this K5=- HARDSHIPS OF EARLY SETTLERS. 47 time provisions were exceedingly high, and therefore it was with great courage and perseverance that the first settlers of our now highly cultivated and fiivored county came and erected dwellings, and remained here for the first few years. As soon as they could begin to culti- vate the rich and yielding soil, they were blessed with abundant harvests; but although these were plentiful, markets were at so great a distance (Chicago being the nearest, over one hundred miles) that the price of pro- duce was very low ; and farmers, for several years, were obliged to carry their grain, forty bushels at a load, in wagons, this distance ; and, in more than one instance, finding prices so low, they would offer their entire load to produce merchants if they would defray their expenses to and from market ! Thus it is seen that the husband- man was not remunerated for his toil. And while produce was bringing so low a market price, other things were com- manding very high figures, which conspired to render the times very dark and dreary. But time gradually wore away this state of things, and about the year 1850 a new light began to dawn upon the minds of those who had " borne the toil in the heat of the day." A better day was anticipated with no little interest, hope, or anxiety. The dark cloud of ''hard times " began to be dispelled by the agitation of railroad projects in different portions of the State. Truly this event ushered in bright prospects for the Prairie State ; and indeed it was a new era in its history. Produce and all kinds of stock at this time were in better demand, and as a natural consequence, prices began to rise. A general interest was excited in the vast . natural resources which lay buried beneath the soil of the State ; and this county, in common with others, felt these iofluences, and immigration turned to the rich uncultivated 4 T 48 BUREAU COUNTY. prairies of Bureau county. Though the completion of the Illinois and Michigan canal, the southern terminus of which is within a few miles of this county, constituted a favorable change in creating a market nearer home, yet it has been superseded by the railroad, which has brought a market, as it were, to our very doors. In respect to the general appearance of the county, what we said of the surrounding country, in connection with Princeton, might apply well to the county. The soil is excellent — rich, deep, and productive ; being gen- erally well watered, and well adapted for all kinds of grain and other agricultural staples. In the western portion of the county there is consider- able swamp land, a portion of which, however, can be made available for agricultural purposes. If we are cor- rectly informed, the proceeds arising from the sale of these lands, which have already amounted to $118,000, are to be used for schools in the county, which will make a valu- able accession to the school fund. The principal streams in the county are Bureau creek, East and West Bureau creeks, and^Green river ; while on the south-east we have the Illinois river and lake DuPu. From the latter a goodly quantity of fish is taken nearly every season. Wood is found in abundance bordering on the streams and in groves. Any amount of Coal is found in different parts of the county, particularly at Sheflfield and Tiskilwa. From the former place it is shipped by railroad to Chicago and other places daily. The value of the products of coal mines in the county, in 1855, was about $60,000. Now it is much greater. As an agricultural county. Bureau is not excelled.^ Years ago, when grain was carried to Chicago by the wagon load, produce merchants declared that the best II If FRUIT, AGEICULTURAL SOCIETY, ETC. 49 grain always came from Bureau county, — and the same can now be safely said. For further proof we would refer the reader to the remarks of the deputy commissioner, in connection with the census of the county. Fruit is a branch of agriculture that is beginning to command attention. Experience has proved that the soil and climate arc well adapted to raising fruit ; and this is, we think, soon to become an item of no small importance. The Peach tree grows thrifty, but is not a regular bearer. Plums, Cherries and Pears do well, but Apples do the best, and are a superior article. Other varieties of fruits also flourish, as well as shrubs and ornamental trees. An Agricultural Society has been formed about two years, and is in a prosperous condition. Last year the first Annual Fair was held, and about $300 worth of pre- miums awarded. We trust that the farmers of Bureau county will exert themselves to the utmost in sustaining this society, which is of so much importance to them, and thus contribute to forward their own interests and that of the county generally. Besides Princeton, the county seat, Sheffield, Wyanet and Tiskilwa are flourishing villages, and we think that Buda, Neponset and Maiden are worthy of notice. The above, with Arlington and Trenton, are railroad stations, and some of them bid fair to become places of no small importance. Lamoille, Dover and Providence are older villages, with the exception of Princeton and Tiskilwa, and in many respects are pleasantly located. We now have eighty miles of railroad in the county, and will soon have many more, for a road is already in contemplation from LaSalle to Princeton ; and the Joliet and Albany Railroad via Mendota is surveyed to enter this 'county near Lamoille, and pass through that village and the flourishing township of Ohio. gt= =ilQ 50 BUREAU COUNTY. Below we give a table of educational statistics which we copy from the books of the school commissioner. We designed to give other facts showing what our county has done in the way of sustaining schools, and thus forward- ing the cause of education, but owing to the illness of our school commissioner we are unable to obtain the requisite information. '$W BIENNIAL REPORT Of School Commissioner of Bureau County, 1855—6. TOWNSHIPS. Milo " .... pt. Brawby. . . . Macon Indiantown Arispe Leepertown Mineral . . . Concord . . . Centre Princeton.. Selby Hall Gold Manlius . . . Bureau .... DoTer Berlin W^estfield . . Fairfield ... Greenville . Walnut . . . Ohio Lamoille . . Clarion T. 14, " 14, "15, "15, "15, "15, "15, "16, "16, "16, "16, "16, "16, "Ir, "17, "17, "17, "17, "18, "18, "18, " 18, "18, "18. R. 8E. " 9 " " 6" a 17 u " 8" " 9 " " 10 " " 6" 9 10 11 6 9 10 11 6 7 8' 9 10' 11' 6 12 8 10 7 2 9 7 8 33 7 5 1 3 4 14 8 5 4 3 6 14 5 302 I 168 224 - 201 260 I 260 1 60 297 432 302 1,846 232 146 15 45 75 581 168 106 35 76 128 414 211 219 152 1 150 400 80 I 78 260 125 1 99 207 , '127' 133' '595" 125 135 571 35 25 104 158 139 259 223 209 489 137 105 603 918 928 1,637 j 129 103 593 ' 66 80 329 10 5 66 1 27 18 132 ' 35 40 272 295 286 627 362 60 46 203 20 15 100 42 34 359 67 64 170 , 222 192 344 ' 106 105 453 109 110 435 5 3 3 5 3 5 2 3 4 7 10 6 5 1 1 3 6 '2 3 2 1 5 2 5 4 3 9 3 6 7 2 6 .6 8 23 8 5 1 2 3 1 2 5 9 3 10 Total 197 I 6,793 I 3,268 3,099 9,570 I 92 133 §3= — T 10=- CENSUS OF THE COUNTY. 51 CENSUS OF BUREAU COUNTY, July, 1855. Clarion . Westfield Hall Lamoille Berlin . . Selby . . . Leeperto'n Ohio .... Dover . . . Prince'n ) towns'ip ) Prince'n 1 corpor'n J Arispie .. . Walnut . . Bureau . . Centre . . . Indiant'n Mile Greenville Manlius .. Concord. . Macon . . . Fairfield. . Gould Mineral . . Brawby . . Total m i « OQ 1 "3 "3 Ph S ^ 'a «M E-A.IjEIiS iisr J/' i^ h GROCERIES, HARDWARE, QUEENSWARE, HAT89 CAPS, 9 PRODUCE, ETC. THE BEST QUALITY OF AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS CONSTANTLY ON HAND AND FOR SALE. M — > t - THE HIGHEST MARKET PRICE PAID FOR AND FOR GOOD "WOOL. JUSTUS STEVENS, L. H. M'CONIHE, J. M. MCCONIHE. PRINCETON, ILL. n=- k 56 BUSINESS DIRECTOEY. NEW ORDER OF THINGS! WILLIAM CARSE, DESPECTFULLY announces to the people of Bureau County, 11 that he has BEGUN BUSINESS ANEW, and is now opening his ENTIRE NEW STOCK, Just received from New York, embracing a splendid assortment of STAPLE & Um\ m\ fiOODS, GENTLEMEN'S FURNISHING GOODS, READY-MADE CLOTHING, And a large assortment of BOOTS &. SHOES, HATS So CAPS, GROCERIES, HARDWARE, A large lot of Table Cutlery, Crockery and Glass Ware, of all sorts. WOODEN WARE— Pails, Tubs, Brooms, Bas- kets, &c. Also, a general assortment of School Books, Stationery, &c. In changing and extending my business, I respectfully ask the attention of my old friends and the public generally, to my NEW STOCK, believing that I can offer real inducements to Cash purchasers. I have adopted the cash system as being the best for both Buyer and Seller, and intend to demonstrate that Goods for Cash can and shall be sold twenty per cent, lower than by any credit establishment in the State. All kinds of Country Produce taken in exchange for Goods. The highest cash price paid for all kinds of Produce — Wheat, Corn, Pork, &c. Call and see me before purchasing or selling elsewhere. Princeton, Illinois. !3= i BUSINESS DIRECTORY. 57 D. G. SALISBURY, iEljcrlesale mtb Jttail gcaler k STAPLE AND FANCY ALSO, READY-MADE CLOTHIIVG, Ladies' Boots & Shoes, Millinery Goods and Carpets, diie^f $\h of lYF^iii SflYet, TWO DOORS SOUTH OF DR. WINTER'S DRUG STORE, PRINCETON, ILLINOIS. March, 1857. H. jr. EVERETT k CO. DEALERS IN ii GROCERIES, CLOTHING, GEITS'^ FUiBMISHING GOODS, Boots, Shoes, Hats, Caps, &c., &c., &c., Jffain Street, PRINCETON, ILL. D^=- All kinds of PRODUCE Wanted, -^a ^ 13=- — =^p w 58 BUSINESS DIRECTORY. RAWSON BROTHERS, Jealers in 9 GROCERIES, JBuuT^ AEB Eau&hf Etc., Etc., Etc., IN THE AMERICAN HOUSE BUILDING, BUREAU COUNTY, ILLINOIS. FARMERS' AID CITIZENS' STORE!! J. RIALE & SON, Have just opened A NEW STORE at the Depot, where they are offering for sale a well-selected stock of iiYy iiii a iiifiip HARDWARE & QUEENSWARE, READY-MADE CXOTHISfG, HATS 8c CAPS, BOOTS 8l SHOES, &c., &c. ALSO, DEALERS IN ALL KINDS OP PRINCETON, - . - . ILLINOIS. m=- BUSINESS DIRECTORY. 59 rOi di EXICELSIOJR." \^\,f\,ft^'\,f\.f^..f->^s.'\,» MRS. JANE F. HALE, DEALEB IN AND FANCY AND STAPLE GOODS : JUD30N & MUNGER'S, CHICKERTNG'S, LADD & CO.'S, HALLET & DAVIS', J. L. FISCHER'S, BOARDMAN & GREY'S, and other AND ALSO, SERAPHINES, MELODEONS &!GIIITARS. The above Pianos furnished at factory prices, with only freight added, low for cash or good paper. Each of the above instru- ments warranted to give satisfaction, or no sale. i^i?,i3srcETonNr, ii^l. J. S. MULLINSR, lERCHAIT TAILOR American House Buildins:, Main Street, Princeton, Illinois. \^y^ Clothing made to order, and eyery article necessary to a complete Furnishing Store for Gentlemen, constantly on hand, and for sale at mode- rate prices. All work warranted. ?9=- 4 =ifg -=e& Co^ 60 BUSINESS DIRECTORY. BUREAU COUNTY BANK. KELSEY, WALLER & CO. Collections made, and promptly remitted. On New York, Boston, Philadelphia, St. Louis, Chicago. And on Continental Europe, in sums to suit purchasers. GOLD AND SILVER BOUGHT AND SOLD. DRAFTS and CERTIFICATES OF DEPOSIT cashed at best rates. Money received on deposit, and interest allowed thereon by special agreement. Banking hours from 9 A, M. to 4 P. M. C. L. KEL8EY. F. W. WALLER. J. I/. KELSET. HULBURD, SHARP & CO. PRINCETON, BUREAU COUNTY, ILL. Gold and Silver Exchanged, and Uncurrent Money Bonglit and Sold. M ^ > ( We are at all times ready to sell SIGHT DRAFTS on New York and Chicago, in sums to suit purchasers. Deposits, of any amount, from one dollar upwards, received. Interest allowed on special deposits. Collections made in our vicinity, at current rates of exchange, and remitted promptly. John Thompson, Banker, New York. F. G. Adams, " Chicago. John Woollet, " Indianapolis. Preston, Bonus & Co., " Kewanee. Culver & Co., " Chicago. 19=— \'i^ — BUSINESS DIEECTOKY. 61 PEOPLFS DRUG STORE. BODLEY & WILSON, druggists anb liptljccark^, Dealers in Paints, Oils, Varnishes, Camphene, Turpentine, Brushes, Cigars and Fancy Articles ; all of the popular Patent Medicines of the day. Proprietors of Dr. Bodlet's FEVER AND AGUE BALSAM, which is unequalled as a cure for all Fevers of an Intermittent character. Garden, Field and Flower SEEDS, constantly on hand. Agents for CLARK'S FEMALE PILLS. Princeton, Illinois. A. R. BODLEY, M. D. H. WILSON. Dr. BoDLEY will attend to calls in his profession. Office at the Drug Store. W. H. WINTER, PRINCETON, ILLINOIS, HAS A LARGE AND COMPLETE STOCK OF DRUGS, h F»A_INT . And all other articles in his line, which he will sell right Ss= i 62 BUSINESS DIRECTORY. P. F. PACKARD, m H MAKER « JEWELER, i?isas5(Si2^'i>sj. njhiL^ HAS FOR SALE A LARGE ASSORTMENT OF BEST QUALITY IN GOLD AND SILVER CASES. Fine gold Lockets, Seals, Keys, &c. ; fine gold Guard, Vest and Fob Chains ; Cameo, Mosaic and plain gold Pins and Ear Rings of the latest style ; Locket, Seal and other kinds of Finger Rings ; Gent's Pins, Studs, Sleeve Buttons, &c. ; Gold Pens, with gold and silver cases; gold and silver Pencil Cases ; gold, silver and blue steel Spectacles, with glass of all kinds to suit diflferent persons ; sil- ver and plated tea, table and desert Spoons, su- gar Shovels, Cream Ladles, Forks, Fruit and Butter Knives, plated Tea-Services, Cake Baskets, Castors, Cups, &c.; eight day and thirty hour Clocks and time pieces; hair, nail and tooth Brushes, Combs, &c. Silver, German silver and plated Thimbles, Scissors, Work-boxes, Dressing-cases, portmonies, &c. These goods are bought of the eastern manufacturers at low prices and will be sold very cheap for cash, and warranted as represented. Watches, Clocks and Jewelry Repaired In a superior manner by good workmen, and warranted. A BUSINESS DIRECTORY. 63 A. S. & E. C. CHAPMAN, GENERAL DEALERS IN iRo:^, isr^iLS, r^J^fefevj [1=^ C=3 H ^ i» P pa S tp=d CHAIN and SUCTION PUMPS, HEAVY AND SHELF TIN, COPPER & SHEET-IRON WARE, Kept on hand and made to order. Tivo doors North of the American House Buildings, PKINCETON, ILLINOIS. \^^ ^ k ? 64 -=m BUSINESS DIRECTORY. JACOBS & WHITE, P-anufatturers of COPPER, 9 SIIEET-IRON AND MAIN ST., PRINCETON, ILL. All Jobs appertaining to the Stove, Tin, Copper and Sheet-Iron business done with neatness and despatch. Particular attention paid to Tin Roofing and Spouting. Old Brass, Copper, Iron and Rags taken in exchange for Goods. PRINCETON FODNDRY. MILLER & CHRITZMAN, PRINCETON, ILL. Planufacturcrs of all kviibs of ORMiENTAL RAILIIGS AND A AND AL.L. KIIVSS OF CASTINGS FOR BUIL.DINGS, STOVES OF ALL KINDS, SLEIGH SHOES, &c. Repairing of all kinds of Machinerj^ promptly attended to. Sg3=- BUSINESS DIRECTORY. 65 ' Baltimore Clothing House. WOLF, BERgIi AN &^ Keep constantly on hand, at Wholesale and Retail, A LARGE AND WELL ASSORTED STOCK 0! GENTLEMEN'S FURNISHING GOODS. Main Street, near American House Block, PRINCETON, ILL. EAG LE CLOTHB^G ST ORE. DERNHAM & ROSENSTRAUS Have just opened a Splendid and well selected Stock of READY-MADE CLOTHING, Gents' Fiirnisliing Goods, THE CHEAPEST UMBRELLAS, CARPET-BAGS AND TRUNKS To be had in this section of country. The above mentioned Goods will be sold cheaper than in any Store in the State of Illinois. The Goods are cut and made after the latest fashion and in a superior manner. We will clothe a man from TOP TO TOE FOR A FIVE DOLLAR BILL, and give him some change back. IE?* Garments made to order and warranted to give satisfaction. Store East side of Main St.^ Princeton, 111, N. B. We also have a Clothing Store and Tailor Shop in the flourishing village of Wyanet, in this county. 1^:== ^ __ g1= ■ — -=^\ QQ BUSINESS DIRECTORY. J. WALTER & CO. IIAf as III TilJLIK, AND Hats, Caps, &c. ^ West Side of Main Street, Three Doors Soutli of Dr. Winter's Druj? Store, PRINCETON, ----- ILLINOIS. MORRISON & FISHER, ^^olesalc anb lletatl gealers in Groceries and Proyisions, FLOUR, PEED, &c. PLOWS, &c. One Door South of Winter's Drug Store, Main Street, N. B. The Highest Market Price Paid for all kinds of Produce. BUSINESS DIRECTORY. 67 MILTON T. PETERS. ROBERT FARWELL. PETERS & FARWELL, OFFICE, UP STAIRS IN NEW MERCANTILE BLOCK, NEARLY OPPOSITE THE AMERICAN HOUSE, PRINCETON, BUREAU COUNTY, ILLINOIS. I KE]sn3_^LL & IDE, ^ttuijiti^irfj mxil ^mnmllop at Ihmj, PRmCETON, BUREAU CO., XIU, Will practice in the Circuit and County Courts of Bureau County, and the several Courts of this State. AYill give strict attention to the Collection of Claims, the Investigation of Land Titles, and to Legal business generally. Office in Court House. MILO KENDALL. GEORGE O. IDE. JOHN m:. grimes, ^ttopi^jat Jiaui, ^0li4itfli|in ^kn4frg, -A.3?ri:> XI-A.3VI3 -flL C3r :E3 Pfl- T , PRINCETON, BUREAU CO., ILL., Office, North side of Public Square, fronting Court House, Will give prompt attention to all legal business intrusted to his care, in Common Law or Chancery ; to the purchase and sale of Lands in Illinois, Missouri, Kansas and Iowa; to investigation of Military Bounty Land Claims in the Military District in Illinois, Missouri or Arkansas, as well as other titles; to Claims in the War Department, and elsewhere, &c., &c. CHARLES J. FEGKHAM, ITTORIE! IT LIW, OFFICE IN THE COURT HOITSE, T>i?,iisroETo:isr, ilil.i3>tois- 68 BUSINESS DIRECTORY. If W. H. MASTERS' SKI-^'-LI OUT NORTH SIDE OF THE PUBEIC SQUARE, TWO DOORS WEST OF MAIN STREET. PEARL WHITE AMBROTYPES, COMMON AMBROTYPES, STEREOSCOPIC AMBROTYPES, AMBROGRAPHS, DAGUERREOTYPES, And everything else new and beautiful in the Art, may be found at this Gallery. LIKENESSES Taken in all kinds of weather, and put up in the very best manner, and at reasonable prices. A good assortment of plain and fancy CASES constantly on hand, and fitted to order. Pictures fitted to Lockets, Pins, &c., with neatness and dispatch. INSTRUCTIONS given in all branches of the Art, and Apparatus furnished, upon reasonable terms. \X^ A superior article of COLLODION furnished to neigh- boring operators. i§=- BUSINESS DIRECTOEY. 69 ' W. C. ANTHONY, M.D. njimmnm HOKEOPiTHISl 1 OFFICE AND RESIDENCE, OPPOSITE THE JAIL, PRINCETON, ILLINOIS. Vim), vS. (six]^/w\L;\LA/Y\) , m. PHYSICIAN AND SUKGEON, PRINCETON, ILL. % iXV/YY\/ll\ye ^A) ^.RXIK^CJE a^'O-A^ TJCJC^. A. E. GRIFFITHS, M.D. PHYSICIAN & SURGEON, Late LAZARETTO PHYSICIAN for the Port of Philadelphia, Pa.,— ASSISTANT SURGEON U. S. Navy,— Mem- ber of the Medical Society of the State of Delaware, &.C., &c. Residence and Office, Third Avenue, Church Street, 3d house South of the Baptist Church, East side, Princeton, 111. Calls attended to both night and day. m J. W. HAEWOOD & CO. WHOLESALE AND RETAIL EXCLUSIVELY, JW*€St Side of Main Street. Princeton, 70 BUSINESS DIRECTORY. ^_-^ . p. FAG-ERCRANTZ, DEALER IN fill aad mWAf WATmi '> CLOCKS AND JEWELRY, MAIN STREET, ----- PRINCETON, ILL. Hepairing' J\'eatly Hone anil JS^ar rati ted* PRIESTLEY & CARPENTER, DEALERS IN Lumber, Lath, Shingles, Pickets, DOORS, SASH, &C. Opposite the Depot, Princeton, Illinois. ORDERS PROMPTLY ATTENDED TO. C. M. PRIESTLEY. J. I. CAEPENTER. J. FETROW & CO. DEALERS IN DOORS AND BLINDS, A few Rods South of the Depot, - - - - Princeton, III. PRIICETON lARKET. The undersigned are prepared, at the old stand of Robinson & Jones, to furnish the public with a variety of Choice Meats, such as Beef, Pork, Mutton, Veal, Poultry, &c. COIiliETT & JONES. [X^The highest price paid, in cash, for good Fat Cattle, Hogs, Sheep, Calves and Poultry. m=- <4..T) Of every description. Also, has more Than all the rest of Bureau county, and a very large assortment of UPHOLSTERED WORK, Sofas, Rockers, Divans, Tete-a-Tetes and Chairs in Sets-Mahogany & Rosewood, AND A SPLENDID ARTICLE OF Manufactured under his own direction. GIVE HIM A CALL AND EXAMINE FOR YOURSELVES. Also, CHICKERL\G'S PIAKOS, the best Instrument manufactured in America. Opposite New Mercantile Block, Main St., Princeton. [3=- -^m &=- BUSINESS DIRECTORY. 77 AT THE TOU«fG COLUMBIS, No. 3 Columbus Street, - - Princeton. LEYISEE & DAYIS, % ^mmhtinxtXB of Offer to the public, at their new Steam Factory, the Largest and Best Stock of Goods to be found in this part of the State, consisting of a General Stock of Furniture, to be sold at wholesale or retail. TURNING AND WORK DONE TO ORDER. COFFINS AND A HEARSE ALWAYS EV READINESS. STOWELL & CO. Wholesale aud Retail Dealers in I Plastering Hair, IVeats-Foot, Tanners', Sperm, and Linseed Oils, and Turpentine. MANUFACTURERS OP HARSESSES, SADDLES, BRIDLES AND HALTERS. "Work made to order with neatness and despatch. Also, Trim- ming Carriages. Repairing done at the shortest notice. American House, No. 2, North Side Public Square, PRINCETON, - - - ILLINOIS. L. H. m'cONIHE. J. STOWELL. JUSTUS STEVENS. J. M. m'cONIHE. ls=- ■^^^^ t 78 -=e: C3^ BUSINESS DIRECTORY. JOSIAH KOBBINS. JOSIAH BOBBINS, JR. THOSIAS LAWSON. PRIiCETOI CIT! ilLLS. BOBBINS, LAWSON & CO. FROFI^IETOK-S, Near the Depot of the C, B. & Q. Rail Road. f^a^i^ §1 ^I^CM) (? MicWi W^l J. T. DAGLISH, I PAPER-HANGER AND DECORATOR, Tiskilwa, Bureau County, Illinois. PAINTING IN WHITE, ZINC WHITE, China Gloss or Porcelain Enamel, Fresco, Calsomine, &c. ORNAMENTAL PAPER-HMGING IN All ITS BRANCHES. SHOP ON MAIN STREET. IS= 1 BUSINESS DIRECTORY. 85 I SHEFFIELD COAL! FOR SALE AT THE COAL 3IIXES OF THE SHEFFIELD ining atti ftransprtati0ii COMPANY, (LOCATED ON TH« CHICAGO AND ROCK ISLAND RAIL ROAD,) ONE QUARTER OF A MILE WEST OF SHEFFIELD. The unprecedented sale of Coal at our Bank during the past winter, reaching at times as high as one hundred tons per day, proves conclusively that the citizens of Bureau county are, in a measure, realizing the fact that Coal is indisputably the CHEAPEST & BEST FUEL IN USE. The following table has been prepared from estimates made and carefully proved by the managers of dift'erent railroads in this vicinity, viz., that 1 ton of Coal is equivalent to 2 and 6-lOths cords of Wood ; estimating the Coal at $2,00 per ton, and Wood at $3,00 per cord, we find : 1 ton of Coal, at S2.00, equal to 2 6-10 cords of Wood, at $3,00— $7.80 1 " "■ " 3.00, " 2 6-10 " " " 7.80 1 " " " 4.00, " 2 6-10 " " " 7.80 1 " " " 5.00, " 2 6-10 " " '• 7.80 An examination of this table Avill show at a glance the im- mense saving gained by the use of Coal. We propose erecting, during the coming season, a Mammoth Building, capable of holding Several Thousand Tons of Coal! For the purpose of protecting our Coal from the effects of the atmosphere. A large amount of Coal will always be kept on hand ; our customers can therefore rely upon always finding a permanent supply. M ^ H COKE ! COKE ! ! Coke is an article prepared from Coal, in much the same man- ner as Charcoal is from wood ; the sulphur gases and other im- purities are driven off by the action of heat — the pure carbon is left; it (the Coke) burns in much the same manner as an^Ara- 4 -=lt t 86 BUSINESS DIRECTORY. cite coal, gives an intense heat, with but little flame and smoke. On account of its extreme cleanliness and the other peculiar pro- perties mentioned, it is especially adapted for the use of families (in their parlor stoves, for cooking, &c.) blacksmiths and manufac- turing purposes. It is sold at the low price of 14 Cents per Bushel! And at that figure is quite as cheap as Coal, taking as it does two bushels of Coal to make one of Coke. Among the many advantages arising to purchasers from the use of Coal and Coke, the following may be enumerated : 1st. The Coal and Coke is weighed, not measured. 2nd. They are carefully screened. 3rd. Coal of the same quality is sold by us from one to three cents per bushel cheaper than by any other Company. A LARGE SUPPLY ALWAYS ON HAND. Orders Solicited. H. C. PORTER, Agent. \X^ The following should have appeared in the history of the County, but the advertisement came too late, and we are compelled to insert it here. We would call the attention of our readers to the Ad- vertisement of this enterprising Company, as given above. It was organized about four years ago, and is composed of some of the most prominent and energetic men of this State and Iowa. The works are carried on on the most extensive scale and in the most systematic manner. When the demand warrants it, this Company can raise 200 tons of coal per day ; at present there are employed about 40 men, and the mining progresses at the rate of 80 to 100 tons daily. Every Company organized and carried on for the purpose of famishing cheap and good fuel, deserves well of our citizens. We commend this Company to those who use coal for fuel, (and the number is and must be increas- ing every year,) as one every way worthy of their con- fidence and support. BUSINESS DIRECTORY. 87 1857. 1857. iirimgt0n & (fuittcg R. H. LI^E. -♦-v •-M- IT is acknowledged by all who have traveled over this Road, to be one of the best in the country, passing through the finest portion of Illinois, and the flourishing Towns of Aurora, Meiulota, PriivcetojV, ReA\ anee, Galva and Galesbiirg'. -♦-♦- 'i-i- PASSENGER TRAINS LEAVE THE CENTRAL DEPOT, Foot of South Water Street, Chicago, EVERY MORNING AND EVENING, (Sunday Mornings excepted,) connecting at Mendota with Illinois Central R. R., North and South ; at Galesburg, with Northern Cross R. R. for Quincy ; and at Burlington, with Burlington and Missouri River Rail Road. TRAINS ALSO LEAVE BURLINGTON FOR CHICAGO EVERY MORNING AND EVENING, (Sunday Mornings Excepted.) Tickets can be procured at the Depot, and at the Michigan Central R. R. Office, corner of Lake and Dearborn Streets. C. G. HAMMOND, Sup't. SAMUEL POWELL, General Ticket Agent. 19=- k — tj^' I 88 BUSINESS DIRECTORY. I '8] NEW TREATMENT. "WHY WILL YE DIE!" WELLS' PECTIaL SYRUP, FOR COUGHS, COLDS Ai\D COASUMPTION, OR ANY DISEASE OF THE LUNGS, IS THE MOST PERFECT CHEMICAL COMBINATION OF ACTIVE AGENTS, In a safe form, ever known. The astonishing cures it effects renders it a duty to make its merits known. Thousands have been restored to robust health after the old system had been tried till on the brink of the grave. Try it. Price, $1 per Bottle, or $5 per Half Dozen. x<->»'»./»^<"»<'»^*.^'\/*W TO STOCK OWNERS. If you wish to have healthy, vigorous, fat and smooth animals, use Wells' German Condition Powder, Which prevents and cures diseases of HORSES, CATTLE, HULES AND SHEEP. The recipe was procured from a celebrated GERMAN VETERINARY SURGEON, Who used it in his private practice for more than forty years suc- cessfully. See Wells' Almanac each successive year, in the hands of Agents, Free. Price 25c., 50c., and $1 per Package. E. M. WELLS, PROPRIETOR, CHICAGO. The above Medicines are Sold by Dealers in Medicines in all Cities and Towns in tlie West. SINESS DIRECTORY. 89 10 MAGAZINE. Wit^ m it i^. CJ^ S MAGAZINE WILT. BE IN SIZE, LARGE OCTAVO. jt One Hundred Pages of Matter. Columns. Each number will be copiously 1 will contain at least 32 pages devoted to TORY OF Chicago, with Portraits and Builders and present Prominent Cit- ! united energy has, in a period of twenty e Fort beyond the verge of civilization, to a is of an empire vast in extent, boundless umber will contain also, A History, ac- FuUy engraved, full page view of some other I, ivith Notices of its Prominent Men. of its pages will be devoted to general e choicest character, original, by our best IONS from Writers of acknowledged ■ used, thev will be liberally paid for. f Current Western Events, with a Synopsis gence, will accompany each number; No- )ns, with a List of those forwarding copies ite for its Library, etc., etc. to connect with the above a Mechanical aent, which shall embrace all the varied ts properly under those heads constantly and placed in attractive popular form, ion will be the 15th of each month, thus dl the other Monthlies, an ADVERTISING SUPPLEMENT, we invite the attention of dealers of all ilate notices of their business throughout r year in advance. It may be obtained of lical Dealers, or from the Publishers. The ;e will not exceed 6 cents per quarter. Vlagazine," 148 Lake Street, Chicago, 111. JOHN GAGER & CO., ishing Agents for Chicago Mechanics^ Institute. H, I'ublisher, Princeton, is authorized to a act as Agent for the Chicago Magazine. T 88 BUSINESS DIRECl NEW TREAT E.. "WHY WILL YE S' PECTOR FOR COUGHS, COLDS AND ( OR ANY DISEASE OF ' IS THE MOST PERI CHEMICAL COMBINATION OF A In a safe form, ever known. The ast renders it a duty to make its merits h been restored to robust health aftei tried till on the brink of the grave. Tr Price, $1 per Bottle, or $5 TO STOCK O If you wish to have healthy, vigorous, : use Wells' German Condi Which prevents and cures HORSES, CATTLE, MULE The recipe was procured froi GERMAN VETERINAR' Who used it in his private practice for n cessfuUy. See Wells' Almanac e; in the hands of Agent Price 25c., 50c., and $1 E. M. WELLS, PROPRIETi The above Medicines are Sold by Deal Cities and Towns in tb i3=- BUSINESS DIRECTORY. 89 CHICAGO MAGAZINE. '^]i im it hi THIS MAGAZINE WILL HE MONTHLY. IN SIZE, LARGE OCTAVO. Containing at least One Hundred Pages of Matter. In Double and Single Columns. Each number will be copiously ILLUSTRATED, and will contain at least 32 pages devoted to An Illustrated History of Chicago, with Portraits axd Biographies OF herBdilders and present Prominent Cit- izens — the men whose united energy has, in a period of twenty years, changed the Rude Fort beyond the verge of civilization, to a Mighty City, metropolis of an empire vast in extent, boundless in resources. Each number will contain also, A History, ac- companied by a beautifully engraved, full page view of some other Prominent Western City, icith Notices of its Prominent Men. A large proportion of its pages will be devoted to general Literary matter of the choicest character, original, by our best writers. D:^ contributions from Writers of acknowledged ability ai'e solicited ; if used, they will be liberally paid for. A Monthly Record of Current Western Events, with a Synopsis of Commercial Intelligence, will accompany each number; No- tices of New Publications, with a List of those forwarding copies of Works to the Institute for its Library, etc., etc. The publishers aim to connect with the above a Mechanical and Scientific Department, which shall embrace all the A-aried information on subjects properly under those heads constantly occurring, condensed, and placed in attractive popular form. Its day of publication will be the 15th of each month, thus being intermediate of all the other Monthlies. K^ It will contain an ADVERTISING SUPPLEMENT, to the pages of which we invite the attention of dealers of all classes Avishing to circulate notices of their business throughout the West. Terms. — $3.00 per jeox in advance. It may be obtained of Booksellers and Periodical Dealers, or from the Publishers. The Postage to any distance will not exceed 6 cents per quarter. Address "Chicago Magazine," 148 Lake Street, Chicago, 111. JOHN GAGER & CO., Publishing Agents for Chicago Mechanics'' Institute. ISAAC B. SiniTH, Publisher, Princeton, is authorized to procure sub.<;criptions, and act as Agent for the Chicago Magazine. 4# 90 "=^g BUSINESS DIRECTORY. CHARLES SCOTT, HILLIARD'S BLOCK, Corner of Clark and South Water Streets, CHICAQO, ILLINOIS. J; In the first style of the Typographic Art, from an Address Card of a single line, to a volume of the largest size, and on as reasonable terms as any first class printing estabUshment in the West. BOOK BINDING AND RULING-. Periodicals of any publication bound in the most fancy or substantial styles, in Calf, Extra', Gilt, Blorocco, or in the Splendid Antique Style. BLANK BOOKS RULED AND BOUND TO ANY PATTERN. GHILDS' lftA¥lii if FIE. Ml i» NO. 103i RANDOLPH STREET, CHICAGO. ESTABr.ISII£I> 1837. Employing none but the First Artists, "we are prepared to Execute in a Style unsurpassed, all W®(DID FPIR k m I FSIifl mum ^iii^ii^asj(Bc> STEEIi PUNCHES, DOOR PLATES, Etc. P. O. BOX 83. I BUSINESS DIRECTOEY. 91 LADIES' CHRISTIAI AlUA iJ, VOL. VI. NEW AND IMPROVED VOLUME, JAN. 1857. JASaSS CHA:&3^BS?, Editor. ASSISTED BY THE BEST WRITERS. EACH NUMBER WILL CONTAIN A SPLiNlBCB STEEL EMaR^\f!]Nl© One Copy, one Year, $1; six Copies, $5; twenty-one Copies, $15. Any one ean act as Agent on these terms. Heavy discount to Local and Traveling Agents. BOOKS PUBLISHED AND SENT, POST-PAID, FROM THIS OFFICE. CHRISTIAN EVIDENCES. By James Challen. The design of this book may be seen from the table of contents : I. Introductory Chapter. II. Miracles — Their Necessity and Design. III. Introduction of Christianity — A Demonstration for its Truth. IV. Reasons assigned by Infidels for its Prop- agation. V. The Church a witness for the Truth of Christ- ianity. VI. Spiritual Gifts Demonstrated by the Early and Rapid Spread of Clnistianity. "THE GOSPEL AND ITS ELEMENTS." By James Challen. This work is designed to show the Origin and Reasons of the Reformation as plead by the Disciples, and to develop the Elements of the Gospel. Printed on the finest paper, 208 pages. Price of each of the above works, post- paid — muslin, 37^ cents per copy, or three copies, $1. Paper, 25 cents per copy, or five copies, $1. Remit post-office stamps. " UNION OF CHRISTIANS " and DEATH OF CHRIST. By Walter Scott. Paper, 30 cenls ; muslin, 40 cents, post- paid. J. CHALLEN & SONS, Publishers, PHILADELPHIA, PA I3=— ' i BUSINESS DIRECTORY. FOR. BOYS AND GIRLS! ORACE ftREEIVWOOD'S Ijittlo :E»ilg:rix3a. WILL BEGIN A NEW VOLUME WITH JAN. 1857, When the form will be changed to sixteen large octavo pages. " No household in the land that God has blessed with children, ought to be without the LITTLE PILGRIM." THE TIME TO SUBSCRIBE IS NOW. Single copies, for one year 50 Five copies for $2.00 Fourteen copies, and one to getter-up of club, for 5.00 Twenty-four copies, and one to getter-up of club, for 8.00 Fifty copies for 15.00 tMltcays Payable in tldvance, Q^" Specimen copies will be sent, free of charge, to all who may request them. Address, post-paid, I.EANDER K. UPPENCOTT, 66 South Third street, Philadelphia. FORRESTER'S Boys' and Girls' Magazine This Magazine is no trashy and irresponsible catch-penny to get away the children's money, but is a beautiful, pure, instruc- tive and well established Monthly for the Young and the fire-side. It is, in fact, an institution of the country. In January it enters upon its NINETEENTH VOLUME and tenth year of publication. Always popular, it is now recognized as the STANDARD JUVENILE MONTHLY. Suffice it to say, it will preserve the same general character as heretofore, with persistent effort to make each department still more perfect. Terinsi, $t per ITear in Advance. To Clubs. — For $3 at one time, we will send the Magazine to four subscribers. For $7 at one time, we will send the Magazine to ten subscribers. For $10 at one time, we will send the Mag- azine to fifteen subscribers. For $15 at one time, we will send the Magazine to twenty-four subscribers. BINNEY & RAND, 36 Washington Street, Boston. BUSINESS DIRECTORY. 93 PROSPECTUS OF I (illll A FAMILY NEWSPAPER, Devoted to Home Interests, Itforality, the cause of Freedom and Temperance, Education, A.griculture ; Religious I>omestlc and Foreign Intelligence. PUBLISHED WEEKLY AT GALYA, HENM COUNTY, ILL. To be 24x36 inches in size, (seren columns to a page), and printed on new and handsome type. Its columns will be open to all political parties. The first No, will be issued about the last of May or the first of June. Sub- scriptions to be paid within three months after issuing the first number. It will be the aim of the proprietors to furnish a good, reliable Family Newspaper, which will exert a healthy influence in favor of high-toned morality and general reform, and be a welcome visitor at every fire-side circle. m lii^iii, Connected with the above newspaper, there will be provided a new and complete Enabling us to fill all orders in this line to the satisfaction of customers. The type_^and materials will be entirely new, and of the latest styles. Orders for Book and Job Work by mail, attended to with great care and dispatch. I. B. SMITH & CO. Gaiva, Henry Co., III., April 10th, 1857. i !3=» -^mi Y 94 ENGRAVINGS, ETC. if OUR ENGRAVINGS, ETC. We are somewhat disappointed in our View of Princeton, as it hardly does justice to the town, inasmuch as the point from which the Daguerreotype copy was taken was distant. We could find no better point from which to take it, and, consequently, have done the best we could. We think, however, that it compares well with similar views of other places. The engravings of the American House and Court House, will, we think, speak for themselves. We trust that the reader will not fail to notice our Advertising pages, and we take pleasure in recommending the Business Men who advertise as being the men of enterprise, and the life of our community. To these, and to Messrs. Pine and Faxon of the "Democrat" and "Post," as well as to our "knowing friends," among the " old settlers," we would return our thanks for many favors heartily granted. The difficulties in the way of getting up a reliable work of this kind, particularly the statistical portion, are hardly appreci- able by those who have not been engaged in similar enterprises, and on this account, we beg the indulgence of all classes in this, our first attempt ; but we accord with pleasure the meed of praise to those business firms and private individuals who have cheer- fully aided us in the undertaking. These have shown, by this act, not alone their good will to us, but their far-seeing sagacity ; for every well-considered and truthful statement of the business and industry of any place, scattered freely among the community, must largely tell upon the increased facilities of trade, and the interest felt in developing its resources. To any who are disposed to find fault because their names do not appear in their proper places, we would say, we made a special published request, that all whom we failed to call upon, would hand in their names by a certain time, and those who were gentlemanly enough to comply with the request (in season) have received their reward. [89=- 51^=— CONTENTS — INDEX. 95 COJSrTEnSTTS- Illustrations — page; View of Princeton, facing Title. ! '• American House 23 '' Court House . .'. 46 I Early Settlement of Princeton . .5-9 j Indian War 9-20 Railroads 20-22 Stores, Hotel, etc 22-25 Grain Statistics 25, 26 Lumber Trade, Fuel 27 Table of Railroad Freight Receipts 28 Business Statistics 29 Names of Persons engaged in Business 30-34 Churches 35-37 Schools 3S PAGS Character of the Citizens 39 Incorporation, etc 40 Meteorological Tables 41, 42 Concluding Remarks 43 Table of Distances 44 Sketch op Bureau Countt . .45-49 Report of School Commissioner of the County, for 1855-6 50 Census of County, for 1855 51 Amount of Taxes for 18.56 52, 53 Names of Post Offices in County 53 Notice of the Sheffield Mining and Transportation Co 86 Business Dibectort 55-94 INDEX TO ADVERTISERS. NAMES. PAGE PRINCETON. BUSINESS. Anthony, W. C, M.D Homceopathist 69 Bodlet & Wilson Druggists & Apothecaries 61 Brainard, D Dentist 71 Bryant, Arthur Persimmon Grove Nursery 83 Carse, William Dry Goods, &c 56 Chamberlain, Wk. 0., M.D. Physician and Surgeon 69 Chapman, A. S. & E. C Stoves, Iron, &c 63 CoLLETT & Jones Princeton Market ^0 Davis, A. L Sash, Doors and Blinds '9 Dayton, Wm. L Proprietor Monroe House 82 Dernham & RosENSTRAUS . . .Eagle Clothing Store 65 Everett, H. J. & Co Dry Goods, &c 5 if Fagercrantz, P Swede Jewelry Store and Watch Shop ^0 Faxon, Chas Printer, and Publisher " Princeton Post". . 81 Ferris, P. W. & F. B Dentists Jl Fetrow, J. & Co Lumber, Lath, &c <0 Foster, R. B Bookseller and Stationer cover 4 Gamwell, J. W., M.D Physician 69 Gardiner, E. M Tobacco and Segars '5 Griffiths, A. E., Hf.D Physician and Surgeon 69 Grimes, J. M Attorney 6< Hale, Mrs. Jane F Millinery, &c 59 Harris, William Machine Baker 82 HiRWOOD, J. W. & Co Boots and Shoes 62 Hatch, Geo. W Excelsior Tannery ^9 HiNiDALE, S. D Gunsmith '5 HuLBURD. Sharp & Co Bankers 60 lir=- ^^==- 96 INDEX TO ADVERTISERS. NAMES. BUSINESS. PAGE Jacobs & White Stoves, Copper, &c 64 Kelsey, Waller & Co Bureau County Bank 60 Kendall & Ide Attornej's 67 Levisee & Davis Furniture 77 LiNDBARG, S. J Gunsmith 75 Masters, W. H Ambrotype Gallery 68 McKee, William Proprietor Eagle Hotel 71 Mercer, Joseph, BI.D Physician 73 Meskrvey, Mrs Milliner 82 Miller & Chritzman Princeton Foundry 64 Morrison & Fisher Groceries and Provisions 66 MuLLiNER, J. S Merchant Tailor and Clothier 59 Neighbour, J. W Cider and Vinegar 79 Newsll, p. N. & Co Produce & Commission Merchants. . . .cover 3 Packard, P. F Watchmaker and Jeweler 62 Paddock & Shaman Hardware, &c cover 2 Peckham, Chas. J Attorney 67 Peters & Farwell Attorneys 67 Pink, Chas. N Printer, and Publisher " Bureau Co. Dem." 80 Priestley & Carpenter . . . .Lumber, Lath, &c 70 Rawson Brothers Dry Goods, &c 58 RiALE, J. & Son Dry Goods, &c 58 Bobbins, Lawson & Co. . . . Princeton City Mills 78 Salisbury, D. G Dry Goods, &c 57 Smith, I B General Publisher of Books, Maps. &c. ... 73 Spaulding & Smith Improved Wire Fence 74 Stevens & McConihes Dry Goods, &c 55 Stevens, Jas. T Furniture 76 Stowell & Co Saddlery, Hardware, &c 77 Walter, J. & Co Drapers and Tailors 66 Whitmarsh, A House Carpenter and Draftsman 73 Williams, Joseph S Attorney at Law 73 Winter, W. H Drugs, Medicines, &c 61 Wolf, Ber«man & Co Baltimore Clothing House 65 LAMOILLE. Edwards, Samuel Lamoille Nursery 83 TISKILWA. Daglish, J. T Painter and Paper Hanger 84 Harl, Geo. L Publisher " Tiskilwa Independent " 84 SHEFFIELD. I PoRTKR, H. C Agent Sheffield Mining and Trans. Co. . . . 85, 86 1 G AL V A. j Smith, I. B. & Co Proprietors of the " Galva Watchman " 93 i I CHICAGO. Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad, C. G. Hammond, Supt 87 Childs & Co Engravers 90 i Gager, j. & Co Publishers " Chicago Magazine " 89 | Scott, Charles Book and Job Printer, Ruler and Binder. . . 90 I Wells, Edwin M Pectoral Syrup, &c 88 PHILADELPHIA. Challen, j. & Sons Publishers " Ladies' Christian Annual," . . 91 Lippencott, L. K Publisher " Little Pilgrim," 92 BOSTON. BiNNEY & Rand Publishers Forrester's Boys' & Girls' Mag. . . 92 f\ 1^=. ^ ^ =!§§ ■i^^:9- ■fei^R}^5:5- •■«3^. ig5^s5- P. N. NEWELL & CO. PR^ UB E i COliSM •'S> No. 1 Market Square, Princeton Depot, PRINCETON, ILLINOIS* iMlETI READY-MADE CLOTHING, BOOTS & SHOES, HATS & GAPS, Hardware, Crockery and Glassware, Paints, Oils, Window Glass, Doors, Window Sash, Fanning Mills, Plows, Wagons, Farming Tools, Wheeling Nails, Grain Ba2:s, &c. £'SQi^£!'^! &,QQj^^£fl §^ f Deacidified using the Bookkeeper process. Neutralizing Agent: Magnesium Oxide < - Treatment Date: ^ \jj ,-^ • ^r<:^>Cv ' '' PRESERVATION TECHNOLOGIES, LP. V\ % ^SvvxVUl*^ '' ^ ^ ^ Thomson Park Drive '^^ **^ o /rv^N>^l/^ •« CranbenyTownshIp, PA 16066 (724)779-2111 .Huo 1996 L^ ^' \ \/ » * • • /^ o ^ .^^^ o w o .0 "* .-to*. ' « . « ^5. 'o . » •