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LESLIE'S HISTORY 
 
 < « 
 
 OF THE 
 
 Greater New York 
 
 VOLUME III 
 
 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YOEK BIOGRAPHY 
 AND GP]NEALOGY 
 
 arkell publishing COMPANA^ 
 
 (JUDGE BUILDING) 
 
 110 FIFTH AVENUE 
 NEW YORK. U.S.A. 
 
O.TTL . 
 
 COPYRIGHTED BY 
 
 The L. a. Williams PruLisniNG and Engraving Co. 
 
 fl 
 
 IjZ 
 
 THE WINTIIROP PRESS, NEW YORK 
 
 \, Hi 
 
 ry\^ n^^' 
 
PREFACE TO THE TIIIKD VOLUME. 
 
 IJE iiie^eiit vdhiinc conlaiiis aliout (Jiie tliousaiid brief 
 sketches, giviui;' bioi;iai(liical and geuealogiral iiifoniia- 
 tiou respectiuu' as many citizens, dead and living, whuse 
 careers connect tlicni witli the social, couinier-cial, or official 
 history of the City of Ne^^ Yoi k. The desii;ii has lieen to prodin-c a 
 valnable reference volume, for i)ractical use, and not a mere compila- 
 tion of <ienealo<iical lore. Co-operation has been solicited in every di- 
 rection, and this occasion is tak<Mi to thank the many who have fur- 
 nished information or corrects I jirodls. 
 
 The reader will here find the most comprehensive compilation of 
 New York biography which has ever been issued from the press, while 
 a. notable characteristic of this volume is the fact that a. considerable 
 pai-t of its contents conveys information which is not elsewhere acces- 
 sible to the public. On the other hand, it is true that some omissions 
 occuL' which would not have occurred but for the lack of proper co- 
 operation. And this remark a])])lies to the illustrations, as well as to 
 the letter-press. 
 
 In order to serve the jjurpose of useful and convenient reference, in 
 the case of the livino- the aim has been succinctly to record public 
 or professional achievements, corporation or otlier business connec- 
 tions, and club affiliations, together with a n-sume of genealogical 
 antecedents. The simple facts, so far as they could be ascei-tained, 
 liave been concisely stated. 
 
 The Alphabetical Index gives only the thousand names of the sub- 
 jects of the sketches. But the text will be found to contain numei-ous 
 briefer notices of New York ancestors or other relatives of those whose 
 names appear in the Index. 
 
INDEX. 
 VOLIMK in. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Alil)f, Robert 474 
 
 Abbott, Austin 215 
 
 Abbott, Lyman 512 
 
 Abeel, John Howard 78 
 
 Acker, Cliiirles Livingston o.jO 
 
 Acker, David D 550 
 
 Acker, Franklin 551 
 
 Adams, Charles Henry 576 
 
 Adams, Edward Dean . . 132 
 
 Adams, Henry Herschel 581 
 
 Adams, John Lanson 498 
 
 Adee, Frederic William 283 
 
 Adee, George Townsend 282 
 
 Adler, Felix 565 
 
 Agar, John Giraud 246 
 
 Alderton, Henry Arnold 443 
 
 Aldridge, Frederick Thurston 605 
 
 Alexander, James 46 
 
 Alexander, LawTence Dade 103 
 
 Alexander, William (Lord Stirling). . . 47 
 
 Allen, Ethan 246 
 
 Allen, Joel Asaph 590 
 
 Ailing, Asa Ailing 259 
 
 Allison, Thomas 253 
 
 Andersen, Henry 630 
 
 Anderson, Elbert Ellery 224 
 
 Anderson, Henry Burrall 278 
 
 Anderson, Henry Hill 277 
 
 Andrews, Constant A 82 
 
 Andrews, Loring 81 
 
 Angell, Edward L 631 
 
 Anthony, Richard Allard 576 
 
 Appleton, l>aniel 344 
 
 Appleton, Willianj Henry 344 
 
 Arkell, William J 346 
 
 Arnold, Lemuel Hastings 229 
 
 Arthur, Chester Alan 89 
 
 Astor, John Jacob 66 
 
 Astor, John Jacob 68 
 
 Astor, John Jacob 70 
 
 Astor, William 69 
 
 Astor, William Backhouse 67 
 
 Astor, William Waldorf 69 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Atwood, Joseph Freeman ,501 
 
 Aiiehineloss, Hugh D 92 
 
 Auehincloss, John W 91 
 
 Audsley, George Ashdown 593 
 
 Audsley, William James o9'I 
 
 Avery, Robert 155 
 
 Avery, Samuel Putnam 97 
 
 Babcock, Samnel D 129 
 
 Baelie, Jules Semon 161 
 
 Backus, Brad}' Electus .507 
 
 Backus, Henry Clinton 310 
 
 Backus, J. Bayard 243 
 
 Bacon, Gorham 442 
 
 Baird, Andrew D 631 
 
 Baker, George F 137 
 
 Baker, Sewaid 267 
 
 Baker, Stephen 139 
 
 Baldwin, Austin 1' 576 
 
 Bangs, Lenniel Bolton 472 
 
 Banks, David 235 
 
 Banta, John 545 
 
 Banta, Theodore Melvin 382 
 
 Barber, Amzi Lorenzo 406 
 
 Barclay, Henry Anthony 72 
 
 Barker, Fordyee 499 
 
 Barlow, Peter Townsend 235 
 
 Barnes, John Sanford 178 
 
 Barrett, Clarence Tynan 589 
 
 Barron, .John Conner 580 
 
 Barrows, Charles Clift'oid 487 
 
 Bartholomew, John Olmsted 184 
 
 BartU-tt, Homer L 469 
 
 Batterman. Henry 183 
 
 Bayard, Nicholas 43 
 
 Bayard, William 45 
 
 Baylies, Edmund Lincoln 220 
 
 Beach, John X 581 
 
 Beal, William Reynolds 519 
 
 Beaman, Charles Cotesworth 221 
 
 Beck, Carl 425 
 
 Beecher, Henry Waiil 505 
 
 Beekman, Gerard .53 
 
 Beekman, Gerardus 51 
 
INDEX. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Beekmaii, James William 52 
 
 Beekiiian, James William 52 
 
 Beekmaii, Willicliiuis 51 
 
 Bend, George llottmaii 16.3 
 
 Beldiiig, Milo Merrick .382 
 
 Bekling, Milo Merrick, Jr 383 
 
 Bell, Edward 107 
 
 Bell, .James D 219 
 
 Bell, Isaac 195 
 
 Bell, Isaac 190 
 
 Belmout, August lO.j 
 
 BeliiiDiit. August 107 
 
 Belmont, Perry 106 
 
 Bend, George Hoffman 163 
 
 Benedict, Charles Linnseus 228 
 
 Benedict. Elias Cornelius 157 
 
 Benedict, Frederic Hart 1.58 
 
 Benedict, Heniy Harper .579 
 
 Benedict, LeGrand Loekwood 158 
 
 Bennett, James Gordon 347 
 
 Bennett, James Gordon, Jr 317 
 
 Bergmami, Signiund ()24 
 
 Berrian, diaries Albert 578 
 
 Betts, Frederic Henry 22.5 
 
 Billings, Jolm Haskell -i(>9 
 
 Bird. Joseph 609 
 
 Bishop, George Starr 616 
 
 Bissell, Arthur F 509 
 
 Bissell, John Xewton 611 
 
 Bissell, Pelhani .St. George .551 
 
 Bissinger, Philip 174 
 
 Blatchford, Samuel 229 
 
 Bleything, (ieorge Dacre 425 
 
 Bliss, Cornelius Newton 355 
 
 Bloss, James Orville 390 
 
 Boas, Emil Leopold 369 
 
 Bodeeker, Carl F. W 500 
 
 Bogart, Jolm 89 
 
 Bond, Frank Stuart 380 
 
 Booraem, Robert Elmer .599 
 
 Bootli, Edwin Thomas .562 
 
 Boothby, Jolm William 200 
 
 Borne, John Emil 147 
 
 Bourne, Frederick Gilbert 390 
 
 Bowdoin, George Sullivan 109 
 
 Bowe, Leroy E 035 
 
 Bowers, Jolm ^lyer 221 
 
 Bowman, Henry Hopjier 328 
 
 Boyle, Charles Cumberland 503 
 
 Bozeman, Nathan 481 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Bozeman, Nathan Gross 458 
 
 Bradshaw, Charles 298 
 
 Brady, James Tophaiu 229 
 
 Branch, James Ransom 610 
 
 Brannan, Jolm Winters 461 
 
 Breese, James Lawrence 1 75 
 
 Brewer, George Emerson 40,5 
 
 Brew ster, Eugene Valentine .323 
 
 Brice, Calvin Stewart 252 
 
 Bristed, Charles Aster 242 
 
 Bristow, Algernon Thomas 434 
 
 Bronk, William Rea 290 
 
 Broiison, Frederic . . 63 
 
 Brower, George Vauderhoof 275 
 
 Browai, Alexander, Jr 634 
 
 Brown, John Crosby 103 
 
 Brown, Vernon Howlaiid 357 
 
 Bruggeihof, Frederick William 54.5 
 
 Bryant, Joseph Decatur 4.51 
 
 Buckingham, Charles Luman 210 
 
 Buel, Oliver Prince 2.50 
 
 Bulkley, Justus Lawrence 402 
 
 Bull, William Lanman 007 
 
 Bull, William Tillinghast 470 
 
 Burden, James Abercrombie 198 
 
 Bnrlee, William Jose])h 647 
 
 Burr, Aaron 209 
 
 Burrall, Frederick Augustus 439 
 
 Biirrill, Middleton Shoolbied 203 
 
 Burroughs, James Sehoonmaker 547 
 
 Butler, George Henry 427 
 
 Butler, Prescott Hall 224 
 
 Butler, William Allen 238 
 
 Butterfield, Daniel 604 
 
 Cadwalader, John Lambert 60 
 
 Cahoone, Richards Mott 269 
 
 Cameron, Sir Roderick William 191 
 
 Camp, Henry 32.3 
 
 Campbell, Thomas C 331 
 
 Caimou, Henry Wliite 152 
 
 Carey, Henry T 98 
 
 Carleton, George \\' 348 
 
 Carnegie, Andrew 129 
 
 Carnochan, Gouverueur Morris 55 
 
 Carpenter, Herbert Sanford 183 
 
 Carroll, Joseph William 298 
 
 Carroll, Royal Phelps 62 
 
 Carter, De Lancy 466 
 
 Carter, James Coolidge 338 
 
 Carter, Oliver Stanley 141 
 
INDEX. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Cesnola, Luigi Paliiia di 199 
 
 Chambers, Porter Flr-wellen 489 
 
 Chandler, Albert Krowii 525 
 
 Chandler. Charles Frederick 387 
 
 Chauler, Wiiithroj) 96 
 
 Chapiii, Alfred Clark 251 
 
 Chapiii, William Viall 180 
 
 Chaiineey, Elihu 400 
 
 Chesebroiigh, Robert A 528 
 
 Chew, Beverly 538 
 
 Choate, Joseph Hodges 210 
 
 Church, Benjamin .Silliman ... 97 
 
 Church, James Congdou 267 
 
 Clatlin, Horace Brigham 596 
 
 ClaHin,Johu 596 
 
 Claiborne, John Herbert, Jr 459 
 
 Clark, Alonzo 474 
 
 Clark, John Mitchell 600 
 
 Clarkson, John Van Koskerck 403 
 
 Clement, George Ansel 266 
 
 Clement, Nathaniel Holmes 292 
 
 Clephane, John Ogilvie 266 
 
 Cleveland, Clement 472 
 
 Clews, Henry 363 
 
 Clinton, Charles William 39 
 
 Clinton, De Witt 38 
 
 Cochran, John 226 
 
 Coddington, Gilbert Smith. ... 402 
 
 Coe, Henry Clark 440 
 
 Cogswell, CuUen van Rensselaer 405 
 
 Cole, Abram 641 
 
 Cole, Lucius Azel 409 
 
 Coles, Edwin Sands 582 
 
 Colgate, James Boorman 395 
 
 Colton, Frederick C 540 
 
 Concanen, Richard Luke 513 
 
 Conklin, Roland Ray 538 
 
 Conkling, John Terry 454 
 
 Connolly, John 514 
 
 Counorton, Luke J 324 
 
 Constable, James Mansell 187 
 
 Constant, .Samuel Victor 247 
 
 Converse, Edmmid Cogswell 585 
 
 Cook, Henry Harvey 368 
 
 Cooke, William Gates 237 
 
 Cooper, Fjdward 372 
 
 Cooper, Peter 559 
 
 Copeland, Henrj' Clay 160 
 
 Corhiii, Austin 371 
 
 Corliin, ,\ustin 372 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Cornell, Alonzo B 353 
 
 Cornell, John Black 108 
 
 Cornell, John M 108 
 
 Cornell. William AV 108 
 
 Corrigan, Michael Augustine 517 
 
 Corson, David T 648 
 
 Corwin, Franklin Howard 618 
 
 Coster, Charles Henry 162 
 
 Cotterill, George Washington 311 
 
 Coudert. Frederick Ren(i 283 
 
 Courtney, John 294 
 
 Cowdin, Eliot Christopher 104 
 
 Cowdin, John Eliot 105 
 
 Cowing, James Raddift'e 611 
 
 Cox, Townsend 181 
 
 Crane, John M 140 
 
 Creighton, Henry James 625 
 
 Crimmins, John D 375 
 
 Crimmins, Jolm D.. .Jr 376 
 
 Crimmins. Thomas E 375 
 
 Cromwell, Frederic 381 
 
 Cromwell, (ieorge 333 
 
 Cromwell, Oliver Eaton 183 
 
 Crook, Abel 287 
 
 Crosby, F2rnest Howard 201 
 
 Crosby, John Schuyler 200 
 
 Cruger, .Stephen Van Rensselaer 16 
 
 Crutchtield, .James Thimias 645 
 
 Cullen, Edgar Montgomery 333 
 
 Curie, Charles 302 
 
 Curtis, George William .339 
 
 Cushman, Don Alonzo 562 
 
 Cushmau, E. Holbrook 562 
 
 Cutting, Leonard 53 
 
 Cutting, AA'illiam 53 
 
 Cutting, William Bayard 53 
 
 Cuyler, Cornelius Cuyler 165 
 
 Dahlgren, John Vinton 281 
 
 Dana, Charles Anderson 340 
 
 Dana, Charles Loomis 463 
 
 Dana, Paul 341 
 
 Dana, Richard Starr 12T 
 
 Davenport, \\'illiam Bates 294 
 
 Davidson, George Trimble 247 
 
 Davidson, Mathias Oliver 583 
 
 Davies, Juliou Tappan 287 
 
 Davies, William Gilbert 226 
 
 Davis, Fellowes 184 
 
 Davisou, Charles Everett 250 
 
 Day, Clarence Shepard 1 79 
 
IXDEX. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Day, George Lord 215 
 
 Day, Heury 214 
 
 Dayton, Charles Willoughby 3S6 
 
 Deau, Mathew 542 
 
 DeForest, George B 403 
 
 Delirove, Edward R 30(! 
 
 DeHart, John 633 
 
 Delafleld, Edward 494 
 
 Delafield, Francis 495 
 
 Delafield, John 192 
 
 Delafield, John 193 
 
 Delafield, Maturin Livingston 195 
 
 Delafield, Matnrin Livingston, Jr 195 
 
 Delafield, Richard 194 
 
 deLancey, Edward Floyd ... 73 
 
 Delatonr, Heniy Beeckman 430 
 
 Demarest, John 633 
 
 Deming, Henry Champion 367 
 
 Depew, Chauncey Mitchell 233 
 
 de Peyster, Abraham 18 
 
 de Peystei', Frederic 19 
 
 de Peyster, Frederic James 42 
 
 de Peyster, Johannes 19 
 
 de Peyster, Johannis 17 
 
 de Pey.ster, John Watts 20 
 
 Dew, James Harvie 462 
 
 De Witt, George Gosnian 218 
 
 Dexter. Henry 366 
 
 Dick, William 369 
 
 Dickerman, Watson B 172 
 
 Dickerson, Edward Xicoll "279 
 
 Dickerson, Edward Nicoll 280 
 
 Dickinson. Horace Edward 535 
 
 Dillon, John Forrest 308 
 
 Dinsmore, William B 545 
 
 Ditson, Charles Healy 534 
 
 Dix, John Adams 64 
 
 Dix, John Morgan 64 
 
 Dodge, Charles Cleveland 13 
 
 Dodge, Cleveland Hoadley 13 
 
 Dodge. David Low 10 
 
 Dodge, (jrace Hoadley 13 
 
 Dodge, Cirenville M 582 
 
 Dodge, Norman W 13 
 
 Dodge, William Earl 11 
 
 Dodge, William I^arl 12 
 
 Dominick. William Gayer 171 
 
 Doremus, Charles Avery 417 
 
 Dorennis, Robert Ogden 416 
 
 Dorman, Orlando Porter 588 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Doty, Ethan Allen 522 
 
 Donglas, Orlando Benajah 458 
 
 Douglas, William Proctor 406 
 
 Douglass, Andrew Ellicott 396 
 
 Dowd, William 113 
 
 Draper, Henry 492 
 
 Draper, John Christopher 493 
 
 Draper, William Henry 470 
 
 Drexel, Joseph W 114 
 
 Dn Bois, John 515 
 
 Dudley, Augnstus Palmer 450 
 
 Duer, Beverly Chew 26 
 
 Dner, James Gore King 25 
 
 Duer, John 24 
 
 Dner, John 26 
 
 Duer, William 23 
 
 Dner, William 25 
 
 Duer, William Alexander 24 
 
 Duer, William Alexander 25 
 
 Duer, ^\'illiam Denning 24 
 
 Duffie, Cornelius Roosevelt 504 
 
 Duffie, Cornelius Roosevelt 505 
 
 Duffield, Howard 509 
 
 Dun, Robert CJraham 530 
 
 Dunlap, Robert 537 
 
 Durant, William West 400 
 
 Duryea, Hiram 392 
 
 Dutcher, Andrew 296 
 
 Dutcher, Silas Belden 407 
 
 Dyer, Elisha, Jr 62 
 
 Earle, Henry 597 
 
 Earle, Joseph P 597 
 
 Eaton, Dorman Bridgman 215 
 
 Edson, Franklin 601 
 
 Egbert, George Thompson 648 
 
 Egleston, David S 80 
 
 Egleston, Thomas 80 
 
 Egleston, Thomas Jefferson 79 
 
 F^gleston, ^Villiam Couch 80 
 
 Elliot, George Thomson 435 
 
 Elsworth. John Hughes 643 
 
 EIwcll, James William 410 
 
 Ely, Albert Heman 470 
 
 Ely, George William 175 
 
 Ely, Henry Bidwell 175 
 
 Emmet, Bache McEvers 433 
 
 Emmet, Thomas Addis 431 
 
 Emmons, John Frank 181 
 
 Englis, Charles Mortimer 603 
 
 Engflis, John 603 
 
INDEX. 
 
 Eiio. Amos F Ill 
 
 Eiio, Amos Riehai-fls 110 
 
 Erving, Joliu 241 
 
 Evarts, William ilaxwell 337 
 
 Faircliild, Charles .Stebbiiis 144 
 
 Faiiehiia. Julian D 182 
 
 Falconer, William Heury 599 
 
 Fanning, William Joseph 304 
 
 Farley, Gustaviis 410 
 
 Farquhar, Peroival 257 
 
 Fay, Sigourney Webster 377 
 
 Fearing, Charles F 93 
 
 Fearing, Charles Xye 92 
 
 Fearing, Daniel Butlei 92 
 
 Fearing, William Henry 93 
 
 Feeny, John L ... 468 
 
 Fernbaeh, Hem-y 594 
 
 Field, I'enjamiu Hazard 71 
 
 Field, Cortlandt de Peyster 72 
 
 Field, Cyrus West 558 
 
 Field, Uavid Dudley 334 
 
 Field, William Addison 597 
 
 Fish, Hamilto;: 2 
 
 Fish, Hamilton 3 
 
 Fish, Nicholas 1 
 
 Fish, Nicholas 3 
 
 Fish, Stuyvesant . . 4 
 
 Fisk, Charles Joel 595 
 
 Fiske, Haley 256 
 
 Fiske, WUliam M. h 502 
 
 Fiteh, Joseph 293 
 
 Fitch, Theodore 298 
 
 Fitzgerald, Louis 170 
 
 Fitzgerald, Thomas W 327 
 
 Fitzpatrick, Richard 644 
 
 Flammer, Charles A 288 
 
 Fleming, Jolin 276 
 
 Fletcher, Austin Barclay 270 
 
 Flint, Austin ... 476 
 
 Flint, Austin 476 
 
 Flint, Austin . 477 
 
 Flint, Charles Ranlett 359 
 
 Flower, Roswell Pettibone 366 
 
 Floyd-Jones, William Chaimcey 59 
 
 Folsom, (leorge 236 
 
 Forbes, Hem-y Hall 466 
 
 Fosdick, Charles B 521 
 
 Fosdick, Lewis L 300 
 
 Fowler, Edward Payson 437 
 
 Fowler, George Ryerson 449 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Fi-ancis. John AVakefield 489 
 
 Freeman, A\ eldon \\ inans . , 612 
 
 Frelinghuysen, Theodore 364 
 
 French, Amos Tuck 73 
 
 French, Francis Ormond 73 
 
 Fruitnight, John Henry 490 
 
 Fulton, Robert 554 
 
 Gallatin, Albert 14 
 
 Gallatin, Albert A 15 
 
 Gallatin, Frederic 1.5 
 
 Gallatin, James 15 
 
 Gallaudet, Thomas 507 
 
 Garden, Hugh Richardson 263 
 
 Gai-diner, John Lyon 17 
 
 Gantier, Dudley Gregory 549 
 
 Gerard, James Watson 211 
 
 Gerard, James Watson 212 
 
 (ierard, James Watson 212 
 
 Gerry. Elbridge Thomas 98 
 
 Gilbert, Alexander 148 
 
 Gilder, Richard Watson 341 
 
 Gilleu, William W 278 
 
 (toddard, Joseph Warren 587 
 
 Goelet, Ogden 3.5 
 
 Goelet, Peter 33 
 
 Goelet, Peter 34 
 
 Goelet, Peter P 33 
 
 Goelet, Robert 34 
 
 Goelet, Robert 34 
 
 Goffe, James Riddle 455 
 
 Grood, John 535 
 
 Goodridge, Frederic 405 
 
 Goodridge, Samuel Wadsworth 405 
 
 Gould, Etlwin 87 
 
 Gould, George Ja\ 87 
 
 Crtinld, Helen Miller 88 
 
 Goidd, Howard 87 
 
 Gould, Jay 82 
 
 Goodwin, James Jimius 121 
 
 Grace, Joseph P 374 
 
 Grace, William Russell 373 
 
 Graliam, John Andrew 231 
 
 Gi-aham, Jolm Lorime 232 
 
 Graham, Malcolm 232 
 
 Griham, Malcolm, Jr 233 
 
 Grant, Frederic Dent 377 
 
 Gray, John Clinton 282 
 
 Gray, John Alexander Clinton 282 
 
 Greeley, Horace 349 
 
 Gi-eenbaum. Samuel . 261 
 
INDEX. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 (Jreeiie, Francis Vinton 385 
 
 (ri'eene, Joseph Warren 274 
 
 (ireene, Richard Henry 254 
 
 Greenoiigh, John 169 
 
 (ireeiiwood, Isaac John 574 
 
 (iriffin, Francis Butler 585 
 
 Griffith, John S 264 
 
 Griniiell, Irving 75 
 
 Grinnell, Moses Hicks 74 
 
 Grisconi, Clement Acton, Jr 399 
 
 (iriswohl, Chester 109 
 
 Griswold, Stephen M 160 
 
 Grosjean, Florian 543 
 
 Gross, Michael C 269 
 
 Guernsey, Egbert 500 
 
 Gulliver, William Curti- 310 
 
 Hagedorn, Hermann C 620 
 
 Hall, John 506 
 
 Halsey, Stephen .Ailing 532 
 
 Hamersley, James Hooker 76 
 
 Hamerslej', John William 75 
 
 Hamilton, Alexander 26 
 
 Hamilton, William Gaston 29 
 
 Harrington, Brainerd Timothy 621 
 
 Harrison, George Tucker 415 
 
 Hartley, Frank 477 
 
 Hartley, Marcellus 552 
 
 Harvey, Thomas 513 
 
 Havemeyer, Frederick Christian 112 
 
 Havemeyer, Henry Osborne 112 
 
 Havemeyer, William Ill 
 
 Havemeyer, William Frederick Ill 
 
 Havemeyer, William Frederick 112 
 
 Hawes, James William 284 
 
 Hays, Daniel Peixotto 312 
 
 Hays, Jacob 151 
 
 Hays, William H 151 
 
 Ilazzard, William H 154 
 
 Heald, Daniel Addison 203 
 
 Healy, Edmund J 323 
 
 Hepburn, Alonzo Barton 609 
 
 Hildreth, Jolm Homer 315 
 
 Ilillliiiuse, Thomas 119 
 
 Hoadly, George 227 
 
 Hoag, Daniel T 155 
 
 Hoagland, Cornelius Neviu- . 565 
 
 Ilottinan, Charles Fredericl 511 
 
 llotl'man, Eugene Augustus 509 
 
 Hoffman, William Mitchell Vai: 623 
 
 lliigan, Charles W 531 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Hogan, Jefferson 532 
 
 Hogan, Timothy ... 531 
 
 Hoguet, Robert Joseph 198 
 
 HoUister, Henry Hutchinson 178 
 
 Holt, Walter H 324 
 
 Horrman, August 646 
 
 Hornblower, William Butler 309 
 
 Horton, Harry Lawrence 173 
 
 Hottenroth, Adolph Cluistian 329 
 
 Howland, Henry Elias 244 
 
 Hoyt, Alfred MilleT- 177 
 
 Hi>yt, Mark 362 
 
 Huljbard, Thomas Hamlin 222 
 
 Hudson, Charles 1 537 
 
 Hughes, John 515 
 
 Hughson, Frederick 149 
 
 Hunt, James Moiu'oe 262 
 
 Hunt, Richard Howland 590 
 
 Hunter, John 118 
 
 Huntington, C.dlis Potter 376 
 
 Hume, Williaui Henry 591 
 
 Hurlbut, Henry Augustus 160 
 
 Hurst, William H 539 
 
 Huson, Robert 536 
 
 Hutchinson, Henry Elijal 150 
 
 Hyde, Henry Baldwin 203 
 
 Ingalls, Charles Henry 179 
 
 IngersoU, Robert Green 307 
 
 Inman, John Hamilton 132 
 
 Inman, Samuel Martir 132 
 
 Iselin, Adrian 618 
 
 Iselin, Adrian, Jr 619 
 
 Isliam, William Bradley 606 
 
 Ives, Brayton 121 
 
 Jackson, Frederic Wendell 607 
 
 James, D. Willis 161 
 
 James, Edward Christopher 245 
 
 James, Tliomas Lemuel 552 
 
 James, William Teft 637 
 
 Janeway, Edward G 499 
 
 Janvrin, Joseph Edwar'1 452 
 
 Jarvis, Samuel Millei- 572 
 
 Jay, John 29 
 
 Jay, John 31 
 
 Jay, Willm:.. 31 
 
 Jay, William 32 
 
 .Jennings, Frederick Beach 231 
 
 Jesvip, Morris Ketchum 356 
 
 Jewett, Charles 448 
 
 Joline, Adrian Hoffman 295 
 
INDEX. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Jones, Cliarles Authou 038 
 
 Joqiit's, Isaac 513 
 
 Keene, James Kobert 388 
 
 Kellogg, Luther Lafliii 266 
 
 Kelly, Engeue 102 
 
 Kelly, Richard 185 
 
 Kelly, Stephen 185 
 
 Kenned}', John Stewart 104 
 
 Kennedy, William Cannon 465 
 
 Kenney, Jcilin .1 326 
 
 Kent, James 207 
 
 Kent, William 208 
 
 Kent, William 208 
 
 Ketcluinu Alexander Phcenix 305 
 
 King, Charles 48 
 
 King, Edward 49 
 
 King, James Gore 49 
 
 King, John Alsop 48 
 
 King, Rufus 47 
 
 Kiiiniciitt, Francis P 472 
 
 Kip, Lawrence 54 
 
 Knapp, Jacob Herman 456 
 
 Knapp, Sheppard 588 
 
 Kdblniann, Anthony 513 
 
 Kortright, Lawrence 522 
 
 Kouwenhoven, Francis Diiryee 542 
 
 Kress, John 643 
 
 Laimbeer, Richard Harper 548 
 
 Laimbeer, William 548 
 
 Lament, Daniel Scott 549 
 
 L'Amoreaux, Jesse Seymour 331 
 
 Langdon, AVoodbury 383 
 
 Langstatf, John Eliott 428 
 
 Lanier, Charles 101 
 
 Larocque, Joseph 316 
 
 Lauterbach, Edward 264 
 
 Leggett, Francis Howard 602 
 
 Leventritt, David 315 
 
 Levi, Joseph Charles 270 
 
 Lewis, Daniel 460 
 
 Lewis, Morgan 36 
 
 Lincoln. Rufus Pratt 464 
 
 Little, Joseph James 565 
 
 Littlefield, Frederick M 290 
 
 Logan, Walter Seth 237 
 
 Loomis, Alfred Lebbeus 497 
 
 Loomis, Henry Patterson 498 
 
 Lord, Daniel 331 
 
 Lord, Daniel 236 
 
 Lord, Daniel DeForest 236 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Lorillard, Pierre 79 
 
 Low, Abiel Abbott 378 
 
 Linv, Abiel Augustus 379 
 
 Low, Seth 378 
 
 Low, Seth 517 
 
 Ludlam, Edwin 600 
 
 Lusk, William Thomi>son 421 
 
 MacCracken, Henry Mitchell 516 
 
 l\Lackay, John W 361 
 
 Maekey, Charles William 523 
 
 Maclay. Robert 142 
 
 Maey, Josiah 119 
 
 Macy, William H 120 
 
 Mairs, William H 526 
 
 Mallory, Charles 527 
 
 Mareau, Josiah T 292 
 
 Markoe, Francis Hartman 419 
 
 Markoe, James W^right 420 
 
 Markoe, Thomas Masters 417 
 
 Marquand, Henry Gurdon 168 
 
 Marshall, Louis 318 
 
 Marshall, William Jerome 326 
 
 Mayer, William Edwin Cox 292 
 
 McAlpin, David Hunter 364 
 
 McBreen, Patrick Francis 646 
 
 McCall, Edward Everett 268 
 
 McCall, John Augustine 202 
 
 McCloskey, John 516 
 
 McClure, David 313 
 
 McCook, Anson George 230 
 
 McCook, John James 230 
 
 McCready, Benjamin W 489 
 
 McCready, Nathaniel L'Hommedieu . 404 
 
 JlcCullougli, John (Triftith 258 
 
 McCurdy, Ricliard Aldrich 203 
 
 McGlynn, Edward 513 
 
 McKoon, Dennis Daniel 330 
 
 McMahon, James 144 
 
 McNaught, James 322 
 
 McRoberts, Hugh 638 
 
 Melville, Henry 307 
 
 Melvin, David Neilson 625 
 
 Merrill, John Bryant 325 
 
 Miller, George Maccidloeh 217 
 
 ^liUer, Isaac Newton 260 
 
 Miller, Warner 354 
 
 Milliken, Seth Melleu 527 
 
 Mills, Andrew 610 
 
 Mills, Darius Ogden 189 
 
 Minturn, Robert Bowne 45 
 
INDEX. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 bloody, Leonard 546 
 
 IMoore. Harrison S 299 
 
 Moure, William Henry Helme 523 
 
 Moore, William Oliver 435 
 
 Morgan, Edwin Deiiisoii 57 
 
 Morgan, Edwin Denison 58 
 
 Morgan, Edwin Denison 58 
 
 Morgan, John Pierpont 94 
 
 Morgan, Jnnius Sjieneer 93 
 
 Morris, Augustus Xewbuld 195 
 
 Morris, Frederick P 639 
 
 Morris, Gouverneur 207 
 
 Morris, Hermon 539 
 
 Morris, Lewis 206 
 
 Morris, Robert Tuttle 442 
 
 jMorrison, David Mitchell 146 
 
 Morse, Samuel Finley Breese 555 
 
 Moss, Frank 289 
 
 Mott, Alexander Krowu 414 
 
 Mott, Jordon L 409 
 
 Mott, Valentine 414 
 
 Mund^, Paul Fortunatus 433 
 
 Munu, Orson Desaix 529 
 
 Murray, James B 317 
 
 Mynderse, Wilhelmus 297 
 
 Nieoll, De Lancey 242 
 
 Xiles, \\'illiam Watson 321 
 
 Oakley, William Hem-y 607 
 
 O'Conor, Charles 336 
 
 O'Donoliue, Joseph J 598 
 
 O'Donohue, Joseph J., .Ir 599 
 
 O'Donovan-Rossa, Jeremiah 627 
 
 Oelrichs, Herman 357 
 
 Olcott, Frederic Pepoon 147 
 
 Olcott, Horatio Leonard 608 
 
 Orr, Alexander Ector 197 
 
 Packard, Silas Sadler 620 
 
 Page, Charles B 300 
 
 Page, Richard Channing Moore 423 
 
 Park, Joseph 3S1 
 
 Parker, James Heiuy 140 
 
 Parker, Willard 490 
 
 Parsons. Charles 520 
 
 Parsons, Hosmer Buckingham 573 
 
 Parsons, John Edward 219 
 
 Parsons, William Henry 365 
 
 Partridge, Edward Lassell 438 
 
 Peabody, Charles Augustus 90 
 
 Peckham, Wheeler Hazard 319 
 
 Perkins, Charles Lawrence 393 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Peters, Augustus Winniett 570 
 
 Phipps, Charles I>ouis 640 
 
 Pierrepont, Edwards 49 
 
 Pierre])ont, Henry Evelj'n 527 
 
 Pierson, John Fred 389 
 
 Pinney, George Miller, Jr 272 
 
 Plant, Henry Bradley 188 
 
 Plant, ISIorton F 189 
 
 Polk, William Mecklenburg 422 
 
 Poor, Edward Erie 138 
 
 Poore, Charles Talbot 426 
 
 Porter, William Henry 158 
 
 Post, George B 589 
 
 Potter, Henry Codman 508 
 
 Powell, Seneca Daniel 496 
 
 Power, John 514 
 
 Pratt, Dallas Bache 168 
 
 Preston, Thomas S '. 514 
 
 Provost, Andrew Jackson 303 
 
 Pryor, William Rice 437 
 
 Pullen, Eugene Henrj- 141 
 
 Putnam, (Jeorge Eugene 635 
 
 Putnam, George Haven 349 
 
 Putnam, George Palmer 348 
 
 Putnam, William Henry 634 
 
 Quintard, Edward Augustus 167 
 
 Quiutard, (ieorge William 391 
 
 Rabe, Rudolph Frederick 320 
 
 Rae, Robert 610 
 
 Randall, Rufus Ritch 636 
 
 Randolph, Lewis V. F 153 
 
 Raukine, William Birch 573 
 
 Rapallo, Edward Sumner 271 
 
 Rawson, Sidney Fuller 278 
 
 Remseu, Charles 36 
 
 Remsen, Henr}- 35 
 
 Renisen, Henry 36 
 
 Renwick, Edward S 551 
 
 Rhiuelander, Frederick William 40 
 
 Rhinelander, Frederick William 41 
 
 Rhiuelander, Frederick William 42 
 
 Rhiuelander, Philip Jacob 39 
 
 Rhiuelander, Phili]) M 42 
 
 Rhinelander, Thomas Xewbold 42 
 
 Rhiuelander, T. J. Oakley 41 
 
 Rhinelander, William 39 
 
 Rhinelander, William 39 
 
 Rhinelander, William 40 
 
 Rhiuebuuler, William Christopher . 40 
 
 Rhoaaes, John Harsen 142 
 
INDEX. 
 
 Rithinoiid, Dean ()17 
 
 Rickerson, Charles L 540 
 
 Riker, John Lawrence 120 
 
 Riker, Sanuiel 259 
 
 Robertson, Joseph 1 529 
 
 Robinson, Andrew J ()35 
 
 Robinson, Samuel Adams 350 
 
 Rockefeller, John D 204 
 
 Rockefeller. William 205 
 
 Rockwell. William B ()19 
 
 Rogers, Theodore 146 
 
 Roosevelt, James Alfred 9 
 
 Roosevelt, Cornelius Van Sehaiek 8 
 
 Roosevelt, Robert B 191 
 
 Roosevelt, Tlieodoro 518 
 
 Roosevelt, William Enilcii 9 
 
 Root, Elihu 241 
 
 Rossiter, Clinton L 529 
 
 Rossiter, Walter King 013 
 
 Rutherford, John Alexander 55 
 
 Rylance, Josejih H 508 
 
 Sackett, Henry Woodward 250 
 
 Sage, Russell 131 
 
 Sands, Benjamin Aymar 222 
 
 Sands, Henry Berton 497 
 
 Satterlee, Francis LeRoy 447 
 
 Sayre, Lewis Albert 411 
 
 Seliaefer, P^dward Charles 53(5 
 
 Schell, Augustus 127 
 
 Schell, Edward 164 
 
 Schell, Edward Heartt 165 
 
 Schell, Robert 163 
 
 Schenek, Frederick Brett 154 
 
 Schermerhorn, Frederick Augustus .... 6 
 
 Schermerhorn, William Colford 6 
 
 Schickel, William 594 
 
 Schieft'elin, William Hem'y 60 
 
 Schieffelin, William Jay 61 
 
 Schley, Grant Barney 398 
 
 Seliroeder, Frederick A 374 
 
 Schurz, Carl 80 
 
 Schuyler, Philiji 8 
 
 Schwab, Gustav 186 
 
 Schwab, Gustav H 187 
 
 Scribner, Charles 344 
 
 Scudder, Townseud 321 
 
 Seabury, Robert 328 
 
 Seaman, Louis Livingston 420 
 
 Seamans, Clarence Walker 534 
 
 Selignian, Henry 616 
 
 l-AGE 
 
 Seligman, Isaac X 616 
 
 Seligman, Jesse 015 
 
 Seligman, Joseph 614 
 
 Seward, Clarence A 220 
 
 Seward, Cieorge Frederick 149 
 
 Shaffer, Newton Melman 453 
 
 Sheldon, Edward Wright 332 
 
 Sherman, William Winslow 157 
 
 Shoemaker, Henry F 577 
 
 Short, Fjdward Lyman 300 
 
 Shrady, George Frederick 427 
 
 Simmons, Joseph Edward 136 
 
 Sims, James Marion 478 
 
 Skene, Alexander Johnson Chalmer^ . . 445 
 
 Slaven, Henry Bartholomew 586 
 
 Sleicher, John Albert 627 
 
 Slocum, Henry Warnei 255 
 
 Slocum, Henry Warner 255 
 
 Smith, Abram Alexander 428 
 
 Smitli, Artemas Brigham 303 
 
 Smith, Bryan Hooker. 152 
 
 Smith, Charles Stewart 206 
 
 Smith, Freling H 316 
 
 Smith, G. Waldo. 587 
 
 Smith, John Sabine 238 
 
 Smith, William Alexander 118 
 
 Snow, Elbridge Gerry 605 
 
 Snyder, Charles B. J 543 
 
 Soper, Arthur William 569 
 
 Southard, George Henry 176 
 
 Spencer, Samuel 370 
 
 Speyer, James 166 
 
 Spofford, Paul 393 
 
 Spofford, Paul Xelsoa 394 
 
 Sprague, Cliarles E 166 
 
 Sprague, Nathan Turner 611 
 
 Stanton, John 397 
 
 Starin, John Henry 316 
 
 Stearns, Henry S 474 
 
 Stephens, George Washington 319 
 
 Stephens, Stephen Dover 304 
 
 Stewart, John Aikman 135 
 
 Stewart, William Rhinelander 117 
 
 Stillman, James 139 
 
 Stilwell, Stephen J 326 
 
 Stokes, Anson Phelps 57 
 
 Stokes, James 56 
 
 Stokes, Thomas 56 
 
 Storrs, Richard Salter 503 
 
 Story, Elmer Gildersleeve 326 
 
INDEX. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Stout, Charles Herman 539 
 
 Sturges, Frederick 
 
 Sturges, Jonathan 5 
 
 Stiirgis, Frank Knight 10!) 
 
 .Sullivan, Andrew Theodore 173 
 
 .Sutphin, John H 630 
 
 Taggart, William Rush 313 
 
 Tappan, J. B. Coles 274 
 
 Tappen, Frederick 1) 13G 
 
 Taylor, Howard Augustus 301 
 
 Taylor, Isaac E 488 
 
 Terry, John Taylor 359 
 
 Thiry, John H 028 
 
 Thomas, Theodore (iaillard 486 
 
 Thimison, William Hanna 444 
 
 Tift'auy, Charles Lewis 115 
 
 Tittany, Lewis Comfort 116 
 
 Tilden, Samuel Jones 353 
 
 Tilford, Frank 162 
 
 Tonii)kins, Daniel D 37 
 
 Townsend, John Pomeroy 134 
 
 Tracy, Benjamin Franklin 335 
 
 Trask, Spencer 177 
 
 Truax, Charles Henry 243 
 
 Truax, Chauncey Shatter 317 
 
 Tucker, John Jerome 632 
 
 Turner, Aichibald 606 
 
 Untermeyer, Samuel 315 
 
 Valentine, Ferdinand Charles 455 
 
 \'an Den Toorn, Willeni Hendick 604 
 
 Vanderliilt, Cornelius 122 
 
 Vanderliilt, Cornelius 124 
 
 Vanderbilt, Frederick William 126 
 
 Vanderbilt, George Washington 120 
 
 Vanderbilt, Joseph Mortimer 047 
 
 Vanderbilt, William Henry 123 
 
 Vanderliilt, William Kissam 125 
 
 Van Der Emde. Reinhold 610 
 
 \sii\ Name, Calvin Decker 328 
 
 Van Nest, George Willett 287 
 
 Van Norden, Warner 150 
 
 ^'an Pelt, Daniel 507 
 
 Van Rensselaer, Kiliaen 4 
 
 \"an Slyck, George Whitfield 312 
 
 Van Vechten, Francis Helnie 307 
 
 Van Wormer, John R 541 
 
 ^'an Wyck, Robert Anderson 280 
 
 Vermeule, John Davis 171 
 
 Vitt, Franklin Charles 648 
 
 Vorgang, Charles Tobias 048 
 
 Waite, Henry Randall 629 
 
 Wales, Salem Howe 358 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Walker, Henry Freeman 473 
 
 Wall, Charles 568 
 
 Wall, Michael W 568 
 
 Wall, William 568 
 
 Walter, Martin 547 
 
 Warner, Charles Dudley 342 
 
 Warner, Lueien Calvin 407 
 
 Warren, Ira Deforest 262 
 
 Warren, Lyman Eddy 288 
 
 Warth, Albin 622 
 
 Watts, John 559 
 
 Watts, John, Jr 501 
 
 Webb, William Henry 401 
 
 Webb, William Seward 396 
 
 Webster, David 457 
 
 Weed, Smith Mead 248 
 
 Weir, Robert Fulton 490 
 
 Weller, Augustus Noble 270 
 
 Wells, James L 520 
 
 Wendell, Jacob 571 
 
 West, (jeorge 543 
 
 Westbrook, John 180 
 
 Westervelt, Walter 614 
 
 Wetmore, George Peabody 65 
 
 Wheeler, Charles Emery 617 
 
 Wheeler, Everett Pepperell 314 
 
 Wheeler, Jerome Byron 575 
 
 White, Joseph Baker 540 
 
 AVhite, Richard Grant 342 
 
 White, Stanford 343 
 
 White, Stephen Van Cnllen 273 
 
 Whitney, William Collins 213 
 
 Wickes, Edward Allen 571 
 
 Wight, Jarvis Sherman 446 
 
 Wilcox, Reynold Webb 438 
 
 W'illiams, George Gilbert 133 
 
 Williams, Lewis Alfred 345 
 
 Wilson, Richard T 159 
 
 Wilson, Washington 584 
 
 Windniueller, Louis 602 
 
 Winslow, Edward 101 
 
 Winslow, James 101 
 
 Winslow, Richard Henry 99 
 
 Winters, Joseph Edcil 431 
 
 Winthrop, Buchanan 63 
 
 Wood, James Rushmore 493 
 
 Woo<l, John \Valter 468 
 
 Wood, Orrin S piire 556 
 
 U'oodford, Stewart Lyndon 291 
 
 Wylie, Walker Gill 429 
 
 Yetman, Hubbard R 546 
 
 Young, Charles Titus 156 
 
LIST OF STEEL ENGRAVINGS. 
 
 FACE PAGE 
 
 Horace Greeley Title 
 
 .Folm Jacob Astor 66 
 
 Joseph Hodges Choate 210 
 
 Lewis Albert Sayre 412 
 
 Richard Salter Storrs 504 
 
 ILLLTSTEATIOXS IN TEXT. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Nicholas Fish 1 
 
 Hamilton Fish 2 
 
 Van Rensselaer Arms 5 
 
 Schuyler Arms 8 
 
 Autograph of Nicholas Roosevelt ... 8 
 
 Gallatin Arms 15 
 
 t'olonel S. V. R. Cruger 16 
 
 (iardiner Arms 17 
 
 (ieneral John Watts de Peyster 21 
 
 Judge William Jay 31 
 
 Hon. John Jay 32 
 
 DeWitt Clinton 38 
 
 de Peyster Anns 42 
 
 Bayard Arms 43 
 
 Autograph of Nicholas Bayard 44 
 
 Autograph of William Bayard 45 
 
 James Alexander 46 
 
 Autographs of William Alexander, Lord 
 
 Stirling 47 
 
 Pierrepont Arms 50 
 
 Beekman Arms .51 
 
 Colonel (ierardus Beekman, M.D .... 51 
 
 James W. Beekman 52 
 
 Kip Arms 54 
 
 Rutherford Arms .55 
 
 (Tovernor E. D. Morgan 57 
 
 Edward Denison Morgan 59 
 
 Schieffelin Arms 61 
 
 Autograph of John Wiuthrop 63 
 
 Rev. John ^lorgau Dix, D.D 65 
 
 Colonel John .Jacob Astor 70 
 
 DeLaneey Arms 74 
 
 .loliM William Ilamersley 76 
 
 .lanu's Hooker Hamersley 78 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Jay Gould 83 
 
 Chester Alan Arthur 90 
 
 .Junius Spencer Morgan 93 
 
 Richard Henry ^Viuslo^v 100 
 
 August Belmont 107 
 
 Sturgis Arms 109 
 
 Autograph of William Frederick Have- 
 
 meyer Ill 
 
 Henry Osborne Havemeyer 113 
 
 General Thomas Hillhouse 119 
 
 " Commodore " Cornelius Vanderbilt . . 122 
 
 Cornelius Vanderbilt 124 
 
 Andrew Carnegie 130 
 
 George Gilbert Williams 134 
 
 Frederick D. Tappen 137 
 
 Oliver Stanley Carter 141 
 
 Charles Stebbins Fairchild 145 
 
 Alexander Gilbert 148 
 
 Henry White Cannon 153 
 
 Warner Van Nordeu 157 
 
 William Henry Porter 159 
 
 Frank Tilford 162 
 
 Robert Schell 164 
 
 Edward Augustus Quintard 167 
 
 John Davis Vermeule 171 
 
 Philip Bissinger 174 
 
 George Henry Southard 1 76 
 
 John Westbrook 180 
 
 Julian D. Fairchild 182 
 
 Richard Kelly 185 
 
 Darius Ogden Mills 190 
 
 Richard Delafield 194 
 
 James Abererombie Burden 199 
 
 John Augustine McCall 202 
 
ILLUSTRATIOXS IX TEXT. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Diuiiel Addison Heald 204 
 
 William Collins Whitney 213 
 
 Charles Lnman Buckingham 217 
 
 Clarence A. Seward 220 
 
 Thomas Hamlin Hubbard 223 
 
 George Hoadly 227 
 
 John James McCook 230 
 
 Chauncey Mitchell Depew 233 
 
 John Sabine Smith 239 
 
 Henry Elias Ilowland 244 
 
 Smith Mead Weed 248 
 
 Thomas Allison 253 
 
 Oliver Prince Buel 256 
 
 Percival Farfjuhai- 258 
 
 Samuel Riker 259 
 
 Ira DeForest Warren 262 
 
 Edward Lauterbaeh 265 
 
 Edward Everett McCall 268 
 
 Austin Barclay Fletcher 271 
 
 Stephen Van CuUen White 273 
 
 (4eorge Vanderhoof Bi'ower 275 
 
 Henry Hill Anderson 277 
 
 Sidney Fuller Rawson 279 
 
 John Vinton Dahlgren 281 
 
 Frederick William Adec 283 
 
 James William Hawes 285 
 
 Lyman Eddy ^\"arren 288 
 
 Frank Moss 289 
 
 General Stewart L. Woodford 291 
 
 Joseph Fitch 293 
 
 Adrian Hoffman Joline 295 
 
 Wilhelnius Mynderse 297 
 
 Theodore Fitch 299 
 
 Edward Ljman Short 301 
 
 Charles Curie 302 
 
 William Joseph Fanning 304 
 
 Edward K. Detirove 306 
 
 Henry Melville 308 
 
 Henrj- Clinton Backus 310 
 
 Daniel Peixotto Hays 312 
 
 William Rush Taggart 314 
 
 Freling H. Smith 316 
 
 Loius Marshall 318 
 
 George Washington Stephens 320 
 
 James McXanght 322 
 
 Luke J. Connortou 324 
 
 John Bryant Merrill 325 
 
 Thomas W. Fitzgerald 327 
 
 Calvin Decker Van Name 329 
 
 Dennis Daniel McKoon 330 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Thomas C. Campbell 332 
 
 George Cromwell 333 
 
 Benjamin F. Tracy 335 
 
 William Maxwell Evarts 337 
 
 Charles Anderson Dana 340 
 
 Stanford White 343 
 
 James Gordon Bemiett, Jr 347 
 
 Samuel Adams Robinson 351 
 
 Cornelius Newton Bliss 355 
 
 John Taylor Terry 359 
 
 Henry Clews 303 
 
 Roswell Pettibone Flower 367 
 
 Samuel Spencer 370 
 
 William Russell Grace 373 
 
 CoUis Potter Huntington 376 
 
 Autograph of Ulysses Hiram (irant. . . . 378 
 
 Frank Stuart Bond 380 
 
 Woodbury Langdon 384 
 
 James Robert Keene 388 
 
 George William Quintard 391 
 
 James Boorman Colgate 395 
 
 Grant Barney Schley 398 
 
 William Henry Webb 401 
 
 X'athaniel L'Hommedieii McCready... 404 
 
 Silas Beldeu Dutcher 408 
 
 George Tucker Harrison 415 
 
 Thomas Masters Markoe 418 
 
 Francis Hartman ilarkoe 419 
 
 James Wright Markoe 420 
 
 Richard Channing Moore Page 424 
 
 Charles Talbot Poore 426 
 
 Walker Gill Wylie 430 
 
 John Edcil Winters 432 
 
 William Oliver Moore 436 
 
 Edward Lassell Partridge 439 
 
 Roliert Tuttle Morris 442 
 
 William Hanna Thomson 444 
 
 Francis LeRoy Satterlee 447 
 
 Augustus Palmer Dudley 451 
 
 Newton Melman Shaffer 454 
 
 James Riddle (Joile 456 
 
 Orlando Beuajah Douglas 458 
 
 Daniel Lewis 461 
 
 James Harvie Dew 462 
 
 Rufus Pratt Lincoln 464 
 
 DeLancy Carter 467 
 
 John Haskell Billings 469 
 
 William Tillinghast Bull 471 
 
 Clement Cleveland 473 
 
 Robert Abbe 475 
 
ILLUSTRATIONS IN TEXT. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Frank Hartley 477 
 
 Xiithan Bdzeiiian 484 
 
 Nathan Gross Bozeman 486 
 
 Cliarles Cliif ord Barrows 488 
 
 Porter Flewellen Chambers 489 
 
 Jdlni Henry Frnitnight 491 
 
 Edward Delatield 494 
 
 Francis Delafield 495 
 
 John Lanson Adams 498 
 
 Dr. John Hall 506 
 
 Bishop Henry Codman Potter 508 
 
 Deaii Eugene Augustus Hott'mau 509 
 
 Autograph of Dean Hoffman 510 
 
 Dr. Charles Frederick Hoffmau .... 512 
 
 Bishop John Connolly 514 
 
 Archbishop John Hughes 515 
 
 Cardinal John McCloskey 516 
 
 Archbisliop Michael Augustine Corri- 
 
 gan 517 
 
 Governor Theodore Roosevelt 519 
 
 Charles B. Fosdick 521 
 
 Charles W. Mackey 524 
 
 Charles Mallory 527 
 
 Jose])h L. Robertson 530 
 
 Stephen Ailing Halsey 533 
 
 Charles I. Hudson 537 
 
 John R. Van Wormer 541 
 
 George West 544 
 
 Daniel Seott Lamont 549 
 
 Thomas Lemuel James 553 
 
 Samuel Finley Breese Morse 555 
 
 Orrin Squire Wood 556 
 
 Cyrus West Field 558 
 
 De Peyster and Watts Arms 500 
 
 John Watts 560 
 
 Statue of John Watts, Jr 561 
 
 Edwin Tliomas Booth 563 
 
 Cornelius Nevius Hoagland 566 
 
 Dr. Daniel Van Pelt 567 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Arthur William Soper 570 
 
 Saunud Miller Jar\'is 572 
 
 Jerome Byron Wheeler 575 
 
 Henry F. Shoemaker 578 
 
 Henry Herschel Adams 581 
 
 Washington Wilson 584 
 
 Henry Bartliolomew Slaven 586 
 
 Clarence Tynan Barrett 589 
 
 Joel Asaph Allen 591 
 
 Charles Joel Fisk 595 
 
 Josepli J. O'Donohue 598 
 
 Louis Windmueller •. . . 602 
 
 Daniel Butterfield 004 
 
 William Lanman Bull 608 
 
 Nathan Turner Sprague 612 
 
 Jesse Seligman 615 
 
 Dean Richmond 617 
 
 William B. Rockwell 619 
 
 Silas Sadler Packard 620 
 
 AlbinWarth 622 
 
 Sigmimd Bergmann 624 
 
 Da^nd Neilson Melviii 626 
 
 John H. Thiry 628 
 
 John H. Sutphin 630 
 
 John Jerome Tucker 632 
 
 Alexander Brown, Jr 634 
 
 Andrew J. Robinson 636 
 
 William Tefft James 637 
 
 Hugh McRoberts 638 
 
 Charles Anthou Jones 639 
 
 Frederick P. Morris 640 
 
 Charles Louis Phipps 641 
 
 Abram Cole 642 
 
 John Hughes Elsworth 643 
 
 John Kress 644 
 
 Richard Fitzpatrick 645 
 
 Patrick Francis McBreeu 646 
 
 William Joseph Burlee 647 
 
 Charles Tobias Vorgang 648 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF XKW YORK BTOGRAPITY 
 AND GEXEAL0(;Y. 
 
 FISH, NICHOLAS, aiicestoi- of several ilistiii.miif^lied i-itizeus of 
 New York, Ava.s no less eminent in his own day. Born in this city, Au- 
 gust 28, 1758, where he also died, June 20, 1833, he attended Prince- 
 ton College, and subsequently studied law. In ITK;, wlien eighteen 
 years of age, he was appointed Aid-de-camp to Brigadier-Cieneral 
 ( "harles Scott. In November, 177(i, he was commissioned Major of the 
 Second New York Eegiment, and subse- 
 quently became its hieuteuanl-Colonel. 
 He participated in the Battle of Sara- 
 toga. In 1778 he was division inspector 
 under Baron Steuben. He commanded 
 a light body of infantry at Monmouth. 
 In 1779 he was a member of General Sul- 
 livan's expedition against the Indians. 
 He was active at the siege of Yorktown, 
 preceding Cornwallis's surrender. For 
 several years, dating from 178G, he was 
 Adjutant-General of the State of New 
 York. In 1791 he became Supervisor of 
 Revenue. He was elected President of 
 the New York Societv of the Cincinnati 
 
 ^^ N'lCUOLA.'^ FISH. 
 
 in 1797. From 180G to 1817 he was Al- 
 
 <lerman of this city, and iiromiuent on important public and social 
 occasions. He was the personal friend of Washington and very inti- 
 mate with Hamilton. 
 
 Colonel Nicholas Fish was tlie son of Jonathan Fish and Eliza- 
 beth Sackett, his father being a merchant of New York City. His 
 grandi)a rents were Samuel Fish and Agnes Berrien, of Newtown, 
 L. I. His great-grandfather, Jonathan Fish, born in 1080, died in 
 1723, was for fifteen yeai's Town Clerk of Newtown. Nathan Fish, 
 great-great-grandfatlier of Colonel Nicholas, was born in Sandwich, 
 Mass., in IfioO, and in 1059 accompanied his father, Hon. Jonathan 
 Msh, from Massachusetts to Newtown, L. I. The latter was born in 
 England, in ICilO, early emigrated with his brothers, Nathaniel and 
 
2 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 John, to Lyun, Mass., subsequently removing; to Sandwich, and event- 
 ually to Newtown, where for several years he was a magistrate. He 
 is said to have been descended fi-om Simon Fish, a London lawyer, 
 who died about 1531. Colonel Nicholas Fish married Elizabeth Stuy- 
 vesaut, throuyh her father fifth in descent from Governcn' Peter Btny- 
 vesant, and through her mother, Margaret Livingston, descended 
 friun ]{obert Livingston, first lord of Livingston manor. The late 
 Hon. Hamilton Fish, Secretary of State, was their son. 
 
 FISH, HAMH/roN, the distinguished statesman, was the son of 
 Colonel Nicholas I-^ish and Elizabeth Stuyvesaiit, was born in New 
 York City, August ;|, ISOS, and died at f^arrisons, N. Y., September 
 7, 1S93. He was graduated from Columbia College in 1S27, and, hav- 
 ing been admitted to the bar in 1880, was a successful practitioner, 
 at one time being law partner of \Mlliam Beach Lawrence. He had 
 inherited a large estate from his father, and his activity in public life 
 soon forced bis professional work into abeyance. He was an unsuc- 
 cessful Whig candidate for the Assembly in 1834, but in 1842 was 
 elected to Congress. He was candidate for Lieutenant-Governor of 
 the State in 1S46, John Young being the Whig candidate for Gover- 
 nor, but the ticket was defeated. The office becoming vacant in 1847, 
 however, he was again the candidate of his party, and was elected 
 
 by 30,000 majority. In the fall of 1848 he 
 was the successful candidate for Governor 
 of the State, and at the end of his term be- 
 came United States Senator, to which office 
 he had been elected by the Legislature in 
 1851. He opposed the extension of slavery 
 into the Teri-itories, both as Governor and in 
 the Senate, and became early identified with 
 the Eepublican party. In the Presidential 
 campaign of 1800 lie was a conspicuous sup- 
 porter of Lincoln. With Bishop Ames he 
 ^ was constituted a United States Commission 
 in 1802 to visit the Federal prisoners confined at Richmond, and he 
 successfully arranged with the Confederate authorities the plan of 
 exchange of prisoners which continued until the close of the war. 
 Called into the Cabinet of President Grant as Secretary of State, in 
 1809. he held this portfolio continuously for eight years, during both 
 terms of Grant's administi'ation. " The career of Hamilton Fish as 
 Secretary of State was marked by the determination of a number of 
 very gi-ave international questions. He was one of the commissioners 
 on b(^lialf of the United States in tlic negotiation of the treaty of Wash- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 3 
 
 in.ntdu of 1S71 ; he settled llic old Northwestern boundary controversy 
 with (Treat Britain; lie adjusted the critical questions between the 
 United States and Spain i>rowin<; out of tlie Cuban insurrection, 
 and it was at his instance that the Geneva tribunal for the settle- 
 ment of the ' Alabama claims ' incorporated in its decisions a pro- 
 vision securinu this country against claims for indirect damages re- 
 sultinsi- from Fenian raids or (luban filibusterinj; expeditions." He 
 married in 1830, Julia, daughter of Peter Kean, of Ursino, N. J., and 
 had four married daughters — Mrs. Sidney ^^'ebster, Mrs. Fred. S. G. 
 d'Hauteville, the wife of Colonel S. N. Benjamin, U.S.A., and Mrs. 
 "William E. Eogers; an unmarried daughter, Edith Livingston, and 
 three sons, who are ])romin('nt citizens — Nicholas, Hamilton, Jr., and 
 Stuyvesaut Fish. 
 
 FISH, NICHOLAS, eldest son of the late Hon. Hamilton Fish, has 
 been engaged in banking in this city since 1887, while previous to tliat 
 time he was engaged for many years in the diplomatic service of the 
 United States. He was born in New York, I'ebruary l!l, ISIO, was grad- 
 uated from Columbia College in 1807, and from the Dane Law School 
 of Harvard in 1809. From 1871 to 1874 he was second secretary of the 
 United States Legation in Berlin, and from 1871 to 1877 was first sec- 
 retary. l<"'rom the latter date until 1881 be was charge d'affaires to 
 the Swiss Confederation. He was United States Minister to Bel- 
 gium from 1882 to 1880. jMr. Fish is a member of the Society of the 
 Cincinnati, the Metropolitan, University, Tuxedo, Biding, Players", 
 Lawyers', St. Anthony, Univemty Glee and University Athletic 
 clubs, the Century Association, the Downtown Association, the St 
 Nicholas Society, and the New York Historical Society. He married 
 Clemence S. Bryce, and has a daughter living. His only son, Hamil- 
 ton Fish, Jr., was the first American soldier killed in battle in the 
 campaign against Santiago during the recent war with Spain. He 
 was a member of Colonel Theodore Boosevelt's regiment of so-called 
 " Kough Eiders." Volunteering as a ]irivate, he rose to the rank of 
 Sergeant, and died gallantly in front of his coni])any in the first cliarge 
 at Siboney. 
 
 FISH, HAMILTON, second son of the late Hon. Ilamillon Fish, 
 was born in Albany, April 27, 1819, while his father was Governor 
 of the State, and in LSOO Avas graduated from Columbia College. 
 From 1809 to 1871 he was ])rivate secretary to his father, then Secre- 
 tary of State in Grant's Cabinet. In 1X~:\ he was graduated from 
 Columbia College Law School, and has actively practiced law in this 
 city since, except when engaged in public life, altliougli maintaining 
 
4 HISTORY OF THE (iREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 his rfsidoiice at (lairisons, X. Y. He has been a pvoiiiiiieiit leader of 
 tlie Kepuhlican party in. this State, and for many years lias been 
 Chairman of the lve])nbli(an Cnunty Committee of Pntnam Connty. 
 He was a deleji'ate to the lu'imblican National Convention of ISSi. 
 In l.Slo and 1874 he was Aid-de-camp on the staff of (iovernor .Tolin 
 A. Dix. He was a uiemhei- of the Assembly from Putnam County, as 
 a Kepnbliran, in 1S74, ISTti, 1877, 1878, 1879, 188!), 18iKI, 181I1, 1892, 
 ISii;;, 18!I4, 1895, and 189G. He became Republican leader on the floor 
 by leuiith of service in 1890, and was Si)eaker of the Assembly in 1895 
 and 1890. From 1S84 to 1880 he was a trnstee of tlie State Ilomeo- 
 ]»athic Asylnm at Middletown. From 188(1 to 1888 he was Aiineduct 
 Commissioner of New Yiwk ( "ity. He is a member of the Union, Met- 
 roi)()litan. Union Lea;iine. and Iie]tublican clubs, the I'atriartdis, tliP 
 Bar Association of the city, and the ('olumbia. .Vlnmni Association. 
 He married, in 1880, Emily M., dani;hter of the late Hon. Francis N. 
 ]\rann, of Troy, N. Y., and has two children. 
 
 FISH, STUY'VESANT, third and yonnj^est son of the late eminent 
 Hon. Hamilton Fish, has been iirominent as a banker and railroad 
 tinancier since 1871, in wliich year he was gradnated from Columbia 
 College. In that year he acceiited a responsible position with the Illi- 
 noisCentral I\ailroadCompany,of which corporation he has been Pres- 
 ident since 1887, and was \'ice-President from 188o to 1887. From 1872 
 to 187() he was connected with I lie well-known banking house of Mor- 
 ton, Bliss & ( "o. In 1877 he became a Director of the Illinois Central 
 Kailroad Com]iany, and secretary of the Chicago, St. Louis and New 
 Orleans Bailroad Company. In 1S82 he was elected Vice-President of 
 the latter corporation. At t lie present time, in addition 1o the presiden- 
 cy of the Illinois Comtral, lie is President of the Y'azoo and Mississippi 
 ^'alley Kailroad Company, Vice-President of the National Park Bank, 
 of which he has long been a director, and is a trustee of the New 
 York Life Insurance & Trust U(uu])any and the :\lutual Life insurance 
 Company. He is a member of the Union, [Metropolitan, Kiding, Play- 
 ers", and St. Anthony clubs, the St. Nicholas Society, the Southern 
 Society, the Downtown Association, and the Columbia Alumni Asso- 
 ciarion. He was born in New York City, June 24, 1851. He married 
 in 187(; :Marion C., daughter of tlie late YN'illiam Henry Anthon, and 
 granddaughter of dudge .Tolni .\iitlion, and has a daughti'i- and two 
 sons — Stuyvesant, Jr., and Sidney Webster I'isli. 
 
 VAN RENSSELAEB, KILIAEN, slock brok.-r, of this city, is 
 President of the Grand Army Mission, President of the Sanitary Aid 
 Society, President of the Dormitiu'y of the Sanitary Aid Society, and 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 a director of the Aiiierioan Tract i^ociety and the City ^Missions. He 
 is a member of the Ilollaiul t^ociety, the St. Nicliohis Society, the 
 Huguenot Society, the Military Order of the Loyal l>e;Liioii. and the 
 Graud Army of the Kepublic. He Avas born in 
 Albany in 1845, and despite his youth at Hie 
 time of the Civil ^Yar he eventually enlisted, 
 became a captain in the Thirty-iunth New 
 York Volunteers, and particii)ated in fourteen 
 en,i>a,yements, serving under (Jeneral Hancock 
 and General Grant. After the war he traveled 
 abroad extensively prior to eugagino- iu busi- 
 ness in this city. He married iu 1870 Olivia 
 Atterbury, of New York City, and has three 
 daughters and two sons — Kiliaen, Jr., and 
 William Stephen Y'an Rensselaer. Mrs. X'aii 
 Rensselaer descends from the famous Bishop 
 Atterbury, of England; is the granddaugliter 
 of the late Anson Greene Phelps, founder and 
 original head of Phelps, Dodge and Company, and is great-grandniece 
 of Elias PxMidinot. first President of (lie United States Congress. Mr. 
 Van Rensselaer is seventh in descent frcnu Kiliaen Van Rensselaer, 
 the ri(di merchant of Amsterdam, who was, in 1(;;5(), created the first 
 patroon of Reusselaerwyck. He is tiie son of the late AYilliani P. Van 
 Rensselaer and Sarah Rogers, and is grandson of General Stephen 
 'N'an Rensselaer, fifth and last palroon of Reusselaerwyck, whose wife 
 was Margaret, daughter of General Philip Schuyler, of the Revolu- 
 tion, and whose mother was Catherine, daughter of Phili]i Livingston, 
 signer of the 1 *eilaration of Independence. 
 
 VAN HKNSSKLAEK ARMS. 
 
 STURGES, JONATHAN, born in Southport, Conn., in 1802, came 
 to New York City in 1821, and was employed with R. ^^ 1>. Reed. 
 In 1828 he became a partner in this firm. The firm style became 
 Stui-ges, Bennett and Company in 1813, and Sturges, Arnold and < 'om- 
 pany in 1865, Mr. Sturges remaiinng at its head under bolli names 
 until his retirement from business in 18G8. He was twice Vice-Presi- 
 dent of the Chamber of Commerce. One of the founders of the T^nion 
 League Club, in l8r>:{ he was elected its President. He was also one 
 of the founders of the Century Association. He was a director of 
 the Illinois Central Railroad, the New York, New Haven and TLirt- 
 ford IJailroad, and the Bank of Commerce, being one of the founders 
 of the latter. He married in 1S2JI Mary, daughter of J<din Cary, and 
 had four sons — Frederick, Edward, Arthur IN^nberton, and Henry 
 Cady. One of his daughters is Mrs. William H. Osborne. Another 
 died shortly after her marriage to John Pierjiont ^Morgan. 
 
6 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 .STri:(iE.S, FilEDEKlCK, eldest sou of the late Joualhaii Stuiiies, 
 entered his father's mercautile tirin iu 1849 aud retired with his father 
 in 1S68. He is. President of the Xew York Warehouse aud Security 
 Compauy, is a director of the Xatioual Bauk of Comuierce, aud is a 
 trustee of the Seaman's Bauk for Savings and the Atlantic Trust 
 Compauy. He has also been a director of the Illinois Central Rail- 
 road. He has been or is an officer aud liberal patron of the Ameri- 
 can Bible Society, the Seameu's Fund Society, the Presbyterian Hos- 
 jiital, and the Hospital for the Kuptured aud Crippled. He is a 
 member of the Union Leaiiue, Century, aud Crolier clubs, aud the 
 Downtown Association. He married in 1863 Mary Reed, daughter 
 of Dudley B. Fuller, and lias a daughter and three sons — Jonathan, 
 Arthur Pemberton, aud I'rederick Sturges, Jr. 
 
 SCHERMERHORX, WILFIAM COLFORD, youngest and only 
 surviving son of the late Peter Schermerhorn and Sai-ali Jones, was 
 born iu this city iu 1821, was graduated from Columbia College, and 
 adopted the profession of the law. He has had the care of a large 
 inherited estate, principally invested iu realty iu this city. He has 
 long been a trustee of the New York Life Insurance and Trust Com- 
 pany. Recently he has erected for Columbia University one of the 
 new buildings on Moruingside Heights. He is a vice-president of the 
 New York Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, aud is 
 connected with other institutions. He is a member of the Metropoli- 
 tan, Knickerbocker, Century, City, aud Whist clubs, the Uolnmbia 
 Alumni Association, aud the Scientific Alliance, and is a parroii of 
 the museums aud of several art and scientific societies. He married 
 Ann E. H. Cottenet, aud has three daughters — Mrs. Samuel W. Bridg- 
 ham, Sarah Schermerhorn, and Mrs. Jolin I. Kane. Mr. Schermer- 
 horn is first cousin of Mrs. William Astor, who was a datighter of 
 Abraham Schermerhorn, of Yonkers. his father's younger brother. 
 He is the uncle of Frederick Augustus Sehenuerhorn of this city. 
 The residence of Mr. Schermerhorn on West Twenty-third Street is 
 one of the very few fashionable old ri'sidences which have been main- 
 tained in spite of the eucroacluuent of business interests iu sections 
 which were once exclusively residential. 
 
 SCHERMERHORN, FREDERICK AUGUSTUS, is a mining engi- 
 neer by profession, but has principally devoted himself to tlu- care 
 of the large real estate interests of his family. He has been a trustee 
 of Columbia College, now Columbia University, since 1877, and with 
 his uncle, William Colford Schermerhorn, has erected one of the Tiew 
 buildings of that institution. H(> is also a manager aud Recoi-ding 
 Secretary of the New York Institution for the Blind. He is a director 
 of the Building and Sanitary Inspection Compauy, and of the Na- 
 tional Horse Shoe Association of America. He was boi'u iu this citv 
 
RNCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 7 
 
 Xovembei" i, 184:4, and entered Columbia «'ollej;e in I8f>l. In isdi he 
 was commissioned Second Lieutenant of tlie One Hundred and 
 Eighty-fiftli New York N'oinnteers, and in January, 1805, became 
 First Lieutenant of Company C. He went to the front with the 
 Army of tlie Totomac, was Aidde-cam]! on tlie staff of Major-Gen- 
 eral Charles Grittin, was bievetted Captain for gallant conduct at the 
 Battle of Five Forks in 1865, and served till the close of the war. lu 
 1865 he entered the School of Mines of Columbia College, and was 
 graduated as a mining engineer in 1868. For seven years subsequent 
 to the Civil War he was a member of the Seventh Regiment, National 
 Guard, and rose from juivate through the ranks of Coi*i)oral and Ser- 
 geant to that of First Lieutenant of Company K. He is a member 
 of the Union, Metropolitan, Knickerbocker, Tuxedo, Century, City, 
 Riding, Coaching, Country, New York Yadit, Seawanhaka-Coriuth- 
 ian Yacht, Rockaway Hunting, and .Mendelssohn Glee clubs, the 
 Military Order of the Loyal Legion, and the Columbia Alumni Asso- 
 ciation. He is the eldest siirviving son of the late Peter Augustus 
 Schermerhorn, of this city, and Adelin(> E. Coster, daughter of a 
 notable New York mercliant. His father was born in 1811 and died 
 in 1845, and was an older brother of the present William Colford 
 Schermerhorn. Their father, Peter Schermerhorn, married Sarah 
 Jones, and was in turn the son of Captain IV-ter Schermerhorn and 
 Elizabeth Bussing. Cai)tain Peter Schernnn-lioru was an eminent 
 merchant of this city, born in 1749, his death occurring in 1826, and 
 the son of another prominent New York merchant, Johannes Scher- 
 merhorn, born in July, 1715, died in Septeml>er, 1708, whose wife 
 was Sarali, (hiughter of Jan < "aiinon and ^laiia Le Grand, of two old 
 New York families. The parents of Johannes were Arnout Schermer- 
 horn and ^Maria, daughter of Johannes Beekman. Arnout Schermer- 
 horn enjoyed high social position in this city. He was born in Albany 
 in 4680 and removed to New York City with his parents, Symon 
 Schermerhorn and Willempje, daughter of Arnout Yiele, and grand- 
 daughter of Cornelis Yiele. Symon was born in Albany in 1058, sub- 
 sequently resided in Schenectady, and died in New York City in 1(!96. 
 He was still at Sclienectady wlien it was attacked and burned by the 
 Indians on the night of February 8, 1090, and his oldest son, Johannes, 
 was killed, with three negroes. Although himself wounded in the 
 leg, Symon Schermerhorn rode to Albany during the night and gave 
 the alaiin. This experience induced his removal to New York. 
 He was one of the sons of the famous Jacob Janse Schermerhorn, 
 wealthy mercliant and trader of Albany. Son of Jan Schermerhorn, 
 of Waterland, Holland, where he was born in 1622, Jacob Janse 
 Schermerhorn emigrated to New Amsterdam in 1636, and ilied at 
 Albany in 1688. He Avas one of the wealthiest men in the colony. 
 
8 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 S('lirVLI-:R. PHILIP, who sowed with distinction in the regular 
 iirniy during the Civil War, after which he resigned his commission, 
 is the son of the late George Lee Schuyler and his first wife, Eliza, 
 daughter of the late James Alexander Hamilton, and granddaughter 
 
 of the famous Alexander Hamilton; is the 
 grandson of Philip Jeremiah Schuyler 
 hy his second wife, Mary A. Sawyer, of 
 Xowburyjxirt, Mass., and is the great- 
 grandson of the notable General Phili]i 
 Schuyler of the Revolution and his wife, 
 Gatlierine Van Rensselaer. The parents 
 of The Revolutionary patriot were- 
 Johannes Schuyler and Cornelia Van 
 Cortlandt; his grandparents were 
 Johannes Schuyler and Elizabeth Staats, 
 while his great-grandparents were the 
 original emigrants from Holland to Xew 
 Amsterdam — Philip Schuyler and ilar- 
 garetta ^'an Slichtenhorst. The present 
 General Schuyler receives a double strain 
 from Major-General Schuyler of the 
 Revolution, and the generations preceding, through the fact that his 
 maternal great-grandmotlier, wife of Alexander Hamilton, was the 
 daughter of General I'liilij) Schuyler and ("atherine \'an Rensselaer. 
 General Scjuiyler is a member of the Patriarchs, and the Union, 
 Knickerbocker. Century, Harvard, Xew York Yacht, Seawanhaka 
 Corinthian Yacht, and Hudson River Ice Yacht clul>s, the Society 
 of the Cincinnati, the Seventh Regiment ^'eterans, the Military Order 
 of the Loyal Legion, and the Sons of the Revolution. He married 
 Harriet (Lowndes) Langdon. Nevis, his country-seat at Irvington, 
 was the home of Alexander Hamilton. 
 
 SCHCVLKR ARMS 
 
 ROOSEVELT, CORNELIUS VAN SCHAICK, was an eminent 
 merchant of New York City, ai<d in 1S23 became one of the fotmders 
 and original incorporators of the famous Chemical National Rank of 
 New York. He was the son of Jacobus I. Roosevelt and Mary "S'an 
 Schaick, his father having been commissary in the patriot army dur- 
 ing the Revolution; was the grandson of Jacobtis Roosevtdt and An- 
 natje Bogaei-t, was great-gramlson of J*)hannes ^'an Roosevelt, of 
 New York City, and was great-great- 
 grandson of Nicholas Van Roosevelt. //^'/' / y<^ 
 of Esopus, N. Y., now Kingston, while ^^-/^A^^t^ yi^^t^'i 
 he was removed one generation further 
 
 from Claes Martinsen Van Roosevelt and Jannetje Thomas, who emi- 
 grated fi'om Holland to New Amsterdam in KUll. Cornelins V. S. 
 Roosevelt married .Margai-ct, daughter of Robert Rarnliiil, and had 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF XEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 9 
 
 six sons, of whom the Aoinincst, Willi.iiii W'., ilicd in vontli. Tlic oi hcis 
 wtnx' tlie late Silas Weir Iloosexclt, who became prominent as a 
 lawyer; James Alfred Ivoosevcdt, who died iu 189S; Cornelius \'an 
 Schaiek Koosevelt, Jr., who (lie<] in 1SS7; the present IJobert I'.arnliil! 
 Roosevelt, and the late Theodore Kooscvelt, father of the presiMit The- 
 odoie lioosevelt. 
 
 EOOBEVELT, JAMES ALI'K'ED, second son of Cornelius \'an 
 Schaick Koosevelt, 8r., and 3Iar!:,aret Barnhill, was born in this city, 
 June lo, 1825, and died in the summer of 1S9S. In 1845 he became 
 a member of his father's mercantile firm, and eventually succeeded 
 liim as its head. In 1878 he established the bankin<i- firm of Koose- 
 velt & Sons. He was President of the Broadway Improvement Com- 
 pany, \'ice-President of the Chemical National Bank, Vice-President 
 of the Bank for Savings, a member of the Board of Managers of the 
 Delaware and Hudson Canal ('ompany, a trustee of the New York 
 Life Insurance and Trust Company, and a director of the Eagle Fire 
 Company, the Greenwich Insurance Company, the Central and South 
 American Telegraph Company, the New York, Chicago and St. Louis 
 Railroad Company, and the Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburg Railway 
 Company, ilayor Strong ai>pointed him a member of the Board of 
 Park Commissioners of this city. He was President of the Roosevelt 
 Hosjjital, and was a trustee of I he Society for the Prevention of Cruel- 
 ty to Children. He Avas a. member of the Metropolitan, Knicker- 
 bocker, Century. Riding, Coaching, Country, New York Yacht, Sea- 
 wanhaka-Corinthian A'acht. and Hudson River Ice Yacht clubs, the 
 Somerset Club of Boston, tlie l>owntown Association, and the St. 
 Nicholas Society. He married in 1847 Elizabeth N., daughter of 
 William F. Enileu, of Philad(d])hia, and is survived by his widow, 
 two daughters, and a son — William Emlen Roosevelt. The latter was 
 long his father's associate in business. Another son, Alfred, prior to 
 his death in 1S!I2, was a member of his father's banking house. 
 
 ROOSEVF.LT, WILLTAIM EMLEN, only surviving son of James 
 Alfred Roosevelt of this city, has long been a member of the banking 
 firm of Roosevelt ,S; Sotis. aiHJ in 1898-succeeded his father as its head. 
 He is an otticer i>( a largi- number of corporations. He is President of 
 tlie Wessell Silver Company, \'ice-Pnsident of the Sixth National 
 Bank, Treasurer of the Termina] Improvement Comjiany, Secretary 
 and a Dirc-ctor of the Broadway Improvement Company, a trustee of 
 the Union Trust Comjiany, the New ^'ork Life Insurance and Trust 
 €omi>any, and the In.stitiition for Savings of :Merchauts' Clerks, and a 
 director of the Chemical National Banlc, the (iallatin National Bank, 
 tlie National Starch :\Ianufacturiiig < 'ouqiany, and the .Alexican Tele- 
 graidi Comjiany. He married Chrisiiiic. daughter of John Kean, Mce- 
 Pi-esident of the IManliattan Trust Company. He is a member of the 
 
10 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Metro])((litan, Ceutui-v, Citv, Seawnnliaka-Coriiithinn Yacht, and 
 other clubs, the Downtown Association, and the Sons of tlie American 
 Kevolution. 
 
 DODGE, DAA'ID JJJW, one of the founders in New York City in 
 1805 of Higginson & Dodge, at one time the largest wholesale dry- 
 goods hoiise in tlie United States, with brandies at Boston and Bal- 
 timore, was also the fouiuler of one of the most remarkable merchant 
 families of New York, whose members have now for four generations 
 not merely maintained their social jircstige, but their place in active 
 business circles, and theii- jiromiucnce in the public life of the city, 
 and in connection with its institutions. David Low Dodge was one 
 of the founders of the .Vmerican Bible Society, as he was also of the 
 American Tract Society. He was an elder of the ^^'all Street Pres- 
 byterian Church. He foundi'd the New York Peace Society, the first 
 organization of its kind, and was its president. He was the first 
 President of the American Peace Society. At his r(»sidence was 
 founded the Young Men's ("hristian Association of this city, of which 
 his grandson, the present \\'illiam Earl Dodge, was long the presi- 
 dent, and of which his great-grandson, ('leveland Hoadley Dodge, is 
 now the president. The Young Men's Missionary Society was also 
 organized in his house. One of his ]mblished works, " War Inconsist- 
 ent with the IJeligion of Jesus Christ," was republisheil in England 
 and translated into several European langtiages. Born in Connecti- 
 cut in 1774, he was the son of David Dodge, a friend of General Israel 
 Putnam, who i)lied his trade as wagon manufacturer in the interest 
 of the patriot catise during the Bevolution. and was lineally de- 
 scended from ^Villiam Dodge, wlio settled in Salem, 3Iass., in 1629. 
 This emigrant was of a knightly family long seated adjacent to the 
 city of Chester, near Liver])ool, England. A jiatent dated April f?;, 
 130(1, was issued to his ancestors for having "valiantly served to- 
 wards the ptiblic good and encour;iged their heirs and successors to 
 follow in like virtue and noble conduct." For some years David Low 
 Dodge was head of a private school at Norwich, Conn. He estab- 
 lished a store at Hartf(n-d, Conn., in 1802, another at Litchtield, Conn., 
 soon after, and in 180.") a third at New York City under the tirin style 
 of Higginson & Dodge. Notwithstanding the immense proportions 
 \\hicli this btisiness assumed, the embargo and loss of vessels during 
 the War of 1812 greatly crippled the house, and this, with the appear- 
 ance of the yellow fever iilague, h-d ^Ir. Dodge to return to Norwich, 
 Conn., where he established one of the earliest and largest cotton 
 mills in New England. Returning to New Y(n'k City permanently 
 in 182r), lie organized the firm of Ludlow & Dodge. He was in retire- 
 ment from active business and engaged in religious and literary 
 activity from 1827 until his death in 1852. He married in 1798 Sarah, 
 dauiihter of Rev. Aaron Cleveland, an ancestor of President Grover 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 11 
 
 Clevelaml. She Avas a sister of the eminent preacber, tlic late Dr. 
 Sanuiel Hanson Cox. and annt of the late Rislioii Artlnir < 'Icvdaiid 
 Cox. 
 
 DODGE, WILLIA:\r EATJL, son of David Low Dod-e and Sarah 
 Clevehind, was one of the most illustrious aniony- notable New York 
 merchants. He Avas a member of the New York Chamber of Com- 
 merce from is.").") until his ilcath, became its Mce-Presideut in 18(13, 
 and was its I'resideut from 18G7 to 1S75. He was one of the Commit- 
 tee of Twenty-five of this body which in January, 1861, presented at 
 Washiniiton a petition with .38,000 signatures urging a peaceful solu- 
 tion of the slave question. He was also one of ten delegates accred- 
 ited by the New York Legislature to the " Peace Congress " of 1801. 
 During the Civil War he was active in organizing troops and raising 
 funds, contributing bountifully from his own fortune. He was one of 
 the founders of the Union League in support of the Federal Govern- 
 ment, out of which grew the Union League Club. He was elected 
 to Congress from the Eighth New York District in 1S61, and distin- 
 guished himself by his advocacy of sound financial views. He refused 
 a renomination. In 1872 he was a member of the Electoral College. 
 Appointed by President Grant a member of a commission to investi- 
 gate the condition of the Indians, he studied the situation for several 
 years, touring the Indian Territory, and secured a thorough reform 
 in the Department of the Interior in the care of tlie Indians, curbing 
 the powers of the Indian agents and traders, and obtaining better 
 educational advantages for the aborigines. He also interested him- 
 self in the education of the freemen, founding one college in their in- 
 terest and endowing several others. Other colleges endowed by him 
 were Williams, Dartmouth, Amherst, Lafayette, Beloit, Marietta, 
 Oberlin, Hamilton, Grinn<dl, and Maryville. He likewise endowed 
 LTnion Theological Seminary of this city, and the theological semi- 
 naries at Auburn, N. Y., Princeton, N. J., New Haven, Conn., Cincin- 
 nati, Ohio, Bangor, ^fe., and Chicago, 111. He was the founder and presi- 
 dent of several teni]ierance oi-ganizations. He was one of the founders 
 of Union Theological Seminary, and one of its trustees from the begin- 
 ning until his death. He was Vice-President of the American Bible 
 Society. He was President of the Evangelical Alliance. Born at 
 Hartford, Conn., September 4, 1805, he was educated at Nonvich, 
 Conn., and under his uncle. Dr. Cox, at Mendham, N. J. He worked 
 in his father's cotton mill at an early age, and between the ages of 
 thirteen and twenty-one in his father's drygoods establishmcMit in this 
 city. In 1827 he founded the drygoods firm of Huntington & Dodge, 
 which at once became prosperous. He married ^Melissa P., daughter 
 of Anson Green Phelps, founder of Phelps & Peck, the largest estab- 
 lishment in the metal trade in the United States. In 1833 occurred 
 the total collapse of the great warehouse of this firm, which had then 
 
12 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW VORIv. 
 
 been nMciitly but faultily erected at ("lift and Fulton streets. In this 
 crisis ^Ir. IMielps persuaded ilr. Dodge to dispose of his dryj;oods busi- 
 ness and join hiui in tlie metal trade, and the tirni of I'helps, Dodge 
 (S: (Jo. was establisiied. .Mr. Dodge was an iniitortant factor in the 
 develoi)nient of its business, and was head of the tirm for many years 
 ]trior to his death in 1883. He also had other large interests. Having 
 ac(|uired in IS'Si't large lr;icts of land in Tioga County, Pa., he or- 
 ganized the T>ackawanna Iron and (Joal (.'ompany. He was chietiy 
 instrumental in promoting the Erie Railway Company, personally 
 obtaining the subscrijttions, and being a member of its oi-iginal direct- 
 orate. He was likewise one of the organizers and oiigiual directors 
 of the Central IJailroad of New Jersey, in 1843 turning the first spade- 
 ful of soil in its construction. The Lackawanna and Western was an- 
 other railroad of winch he was a founder and original director. He 
 was at one time President of (he Houston and Texas Central Railroad. 
 
 DODGE, WH>LIA.M 1:AKL, has long been senior member of the 
 notable firm of Phelps, Dodge & Co., metal merchants, which was 
 founded by his graudfatlier, Anson (Jreen Phelps, and of which his 
 father, the late William Earl Dodge, was for many years the senior 
 partner. He is also I'resident of the Ansonia Brass and Copper Com- 
 pany, a Trustee of the New York Life Insurance and Trust Company, 
 the Atlantic Mutual Insurance Company, and the Provident Loan 
 Society, and is a director of the Copper Queen Consolidated Mining 
 Company, the United (ilobes ]\[ines, the Commercial iMining Com- 
 pany, and the New Jersey Zinc Company. He was one of the New 
 York State Commissioners to supervise the condition of the New York 
 troojts in the field during the Civil Wai', and at its close received the 
 thanks of the State by joint resolution of the Legislature. He was 
 one of the founders of the Union League Club, and an official of the 
 Loyal I'tiblication Society. He was advisory director of the Woman's 
 Central Association of Relief, which led to the establishment of the 
 United States SanitaiT Commission. In respect to religious inter- 
 ests, the benevolent institutions of the city and ])ublic interests, he 
 has sustained a relation not unlike that of his illustrious father. He 
 is a member of the executive committee of the Metropolitan Museum 
 of Art, as he is also of that of the New York Botanic Garden, and 
 rliat of the American iluseum of Natural History. He is a trustee of 
 the Slater Fund and he has been Chairman of the National Arbitra- 
 tion Committee. He has been Mce-President of the American Sun- 
 day-school T'nion, and he succeeded his father as President of the 
 Evangelical Alliance. He was for many years President of the Young 
 Men's Christian Association of this city, and was chiefly instrumental 
 in securing the erection of its building at Twenty-third Street, and 
 I'ourth Avenue, — the first erected especially for the use of Y. M. C. A. 
 members Iti the United States. He has also been Vice-President of the 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK RIOGRAPHY. lo 
 
 New England Soc-iety. He is a meiiibei- of the Metropolitnii, riiidii 
 League, Century, City, h'efonn, Kidini;-, Connti-y. Presbyteiian, West- 
 brouk Golf ami Sontbside Si»ortsineii"s ehibs, the Downtown Associa- 
 tion, Scientific Alliance, and other societies. He was born in this city 
 in 1832, and became a niemlx-r of tiie firm of IMielps, Dodiic & Co. in 
 18fi4. He mariied in lsr»4 Saiah Tappen, dauiiiitei- of the late David 
 Hoadley, Presideni of (he Panama Railroad Comi>an,\'. 
 
 DODGE, CHARLES CLEVELAND, who was a v.dunteer in I he 
 Union Army dnrinii tlie Civil War, became one of the distintiuished 
 cavalry leaders, and rose to tlie rank of Brigadier-General, is the son 
 of the late William E. Dodge and his wife, Melissa P., danghter of the 
 late Anson Green Phel])s. General Dodge has long had important 
 business interests in this city. He is President of the Esmond Inter- 
 national Traction Com]);iny, ami is a Director of the New York City 
 Watch Comjiany. He was born in this city, and is a graduate of Vale 
 College. Since the war he has beiMi Major of the New Vork Mounted 
 Rifles. He is a member of the I'nion and Cniversity clubs and the 
 Yale Alumni. 
 
 DODGE, NORMAN W., the eminent lumber merchant of this city, 
 is the sou of the late distinguished A\illiam Earl Dodge and his wife, 
 Melissa P., daughter of the late Anson Gieen Pheljis. founder of 
 Phelps, Dodge & ( \k Mr. Dodge is President of the Normandale Lum- 
 ber Company and a Director of the Hilton & Dodge Lumber Com- 
 pany. He is a member of the Union League and Country clubs and 
 the Downtown Association. 
 
 DODGE, CLE^'ELAND HOADLEY, son of the present William 
 Earl Dodge, and grandson of the late eminent merchant and jihilan- 
 thropist of the same name, is a member of the famous firm of I'helps, 
 Dodge & Co., and an officer of a number of corporations. He is a 
 Director of the National City Bank, the Farmers' Loan and Trust Com- 
 pany, the Ansonia Brass and Copjter Company, the Quincy Mining 
 Company, and the Copper Queen Consolidated [Mining Company. He is 
 President of the Young Men's Christian Association of this city, hav- 
 ing succeeded his father in that oftice. He is also identified with va- 
 rious benevolent institutions. He was born in New Vork City in 1S(;0. 
 and was educated at Princeton. He marrie(j (iiace Parish. He is a 
 
 member of the Century, University, Cal I. Country, Priucclon. and 
 
 University Glee clubs, the Downtown Association, Scientific Al]ianc(>, 
 and other organizations. 
 
 1>()DGE, <;RACE HOADLEV, daughter of the present William 
 Earl Dodge, and granddanghtei- of the late William Earl Dodge, 
 enjoys the distinction of being the fii'st woman a])]ioiiite<l a 
 member of the Board of Education of New York City. Tlu^ dis- 
 tinction was earned, however, by her earnest efforts to advance the 
 
14: HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 ciuise of the education of women. She founded the system of " Woi'k- 
 iuy Girls' " clubs in this city, and was also the fcmnder of the Teach- 
 ers College, which is now connected with Columbia University. 
 
 GALLATIN, ALBEUT (baptized ABKAHAM ALPHONZO AL- 
 BERT ) , takes rank as one of the most eminent of the flnanciere of the 
 United States. ( l-'or portrait, see Volume I., p. 323, of this work. ) 
 The son of Jean (iallatin and Sophie Albertine Rolaz du Rosey, he 
 was born in Geneva, Switzerland, in 1761, was graduated with high 
 honors from the University of Geneva in 1770, and to escape the im- 
 portunity of members of his family who were deteinnined that he 
 should enter the military service of Frederick of Hesse-Cassel, he 
 emigrated to Boston in 1780. He served in the Kevolutionary Army, 
 and later was instructor in Harvard College. Removing to Philadel- 
 phia he made judicious real estate investments and engaged in busi- 
 ness. In 1790 he was elected to the Pennsylvania Legislature. In 
 1795 he was elected to Congress, where he became the leader of Madi- 
 son's followers. Subsequently he represented Pennsylvania in the 
 LTnited States Senate. He was Secretary of the Treasury from ISOl 
 to 1813, in the cabinets of Jefferson and Madison. He opjiosed Jeffer- 
 son's embargo policy in 1807, declaring war with England to be pref- 
 erable, and, as the third with Jefl'erson and Madison, in directing the 
 policj' of the Republican party and the nation at that period, was 
 the first of the three to urge the War of 1812 as the only sohition of 
 the difficulties with Great Britain. The loan of -f 17,000,000, nego- 
 tiated by the United States in December, 1812, in support of the war, 
 Av ould have been a failure but for his success in intluenciug the taking 
 of over 110,000.000 by his three personal friends — John Jacob Astor, 
 of New York, and Stephen Girard and David Parish, of Philadelphia. 
 He was one of the commissioners who arranged the Treaty of Ghent. 
 In 1815 he was United States Minister to France, and in 182(3 was 
 Envoy Extraordinary to Great Britain. In 1829 he took up his resi- 
 dence in New York City. The same year he became President of the 
 newly organized National Bank of this city, now the Gallatin Na- 
 tional, and remained at its head until his resignation in 1839, when 
 he Avas succeeded by his eldest son, the late James Gallatin. He 
 opposed Jackson's policy in connection with the Bank of the United 
 States, and, the resulting panic of 1837 having forced all the banks 
 of New York City to suspend, he was active in bringing about a con- 
 vention of the banks of the country in this city, and the general agree- 
 ment upon a day to resume not being obtained, the banks resumed 
 in this city alone. May 10, 1838. He declined the presidency of the 
 Bank of Commerce offered him in 1838. The formation of the New 
 York Clearing House Association in 1853 was merely the execution 
 of tlie suggestion made by him as early as 1841 that the banks regu- 
 larlv settle their exchanges. He was the chief founder of the New 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 15 
 
 York Uuiversity iu 1S;J0, aud was the tirst Pre.sideut of its Council. 
 He conceived the plan of a great national uuiversity, but finding that 
 *'the clergy had obtained control of the new institution, he aban- 
 doned the idea he had conceived of endowing the City of New York 
 with a great American Sorbonne." In lSJt2 he was elected the first 
 President of the American Ethnnlogical Society, while from 1843 un- 
 til his death in 184!) he Avas President of the New York Historical 
 Society. He married a daughter of James Nicholson, appointed by 
 Congress Commander-in-chief of the Pevnlutionary Navy in 1777. 
 
 GALLATIN, JAMES, eldest son of the famous financier, Albert 
 Oallatin, in June, 183!.t, succeeded his father as President of the 
 National Bank of this city, now the C.allatin National Bank, and re- 
 mained at its head for about thirty years, resigning in 18(58. He died 
 abroad a few years later. His administration of the affairs of the 
 bank was very successful aud he (tccupied a foremost place among 
 the financiers of the city. He contributed for his bank |25,0()0 to the 
 Federal Government during the (_'ivil AVar. He was one of the charter 
 members of the original Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Ani- 
 mals, and was an ofticer of various financial UTid benevolent insti- 
 tutions. 
 
 GALLATIN, ALBEPT A., second son of the celebrated Albert Gal- 
 latin and his wife, a. daughter of James Nicholson, Commander-in- 
 chief of the American Navy during the Revolutictn, died in this city 
 at an advanced age in 180(». He was graduated from Princeton, bred 
 to tlie law, and practiced for a time in Philadelphia. Subsequently 
 he engaged in financial enterprises in New York City, being at one 
 period the business partner of tlie fiist Jolin Jacob Astor. He accom- 
 panied his father on his missions to France in 1815, and to England 
 in 182G, and became the personal friend of the Duke of Wellington 
 and other distinguished men. For some years he was Professor of 
 Chemistiy in the University of the City of New York. 
 
 GALLATIN, FEEDEKIC, engaged in the practice of law iu New 
 York City, is the son of the late Albert A. Gallatin aud grandson 
 of the famous Albert Gallatin. He is a college-bred man and a well- 
 known yachtsman. He is a member of the -^ -y 
 
 Metropolitan, Century, Elding, New York ^^ O ' i '^ 
 
 Yacht, Seawanhaka-Corinthian Yacht, Larch- 
 
 iiiont Yaclit, and Atlantic Yacht clubs, the 
 
 Sons of the Eevolution, and the Society of 
 
 Colonial Wars. He is also a Yice-President of 
 
 the New Yoi'k Society for the Prevention of 
 
 Cruelty to Animals. He married Amy G., 
 
 , , , , .. G.\LL.\TI.\ ARMS. 
 
 Sister of Elbndge T. Gerry and daughter of 
 
 the late Thomas E. Gerry, U.S.N. Her mother was Hannah, dangh- 
 
 o 
 
16 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 ter of Peter P. Goelet, sister of the late Peter aud Kobert Goelet, and 
 aunt of the present Ogden Goelet aud the lately deceased Eobei't 
 Goelet. 
 
 \ 
 
 CKLGEi;, tSTEPllE^ \AX liENSSELAElJ, was the manager of a 
 number of large estates, having been engaged in the real estate busi- 
 ness in this city from 18(57 until his death in ISltS. He was President 
 of the Florida, West Coast Improvement Company, a director of the 
 Illinois Central Kailroad Company, the Chicago, St. Louis and New 
 Orleans Kailroad. the Yazoo and ^Iississip])i ^'alley Railroad Com- 
 pany, the lr>ilver Hprings, Ocala and Gulf Kailroad Comi)any, the Title 
 Guarantee and Trust Gniiipany, the New York Life Insurance aud 
 Trust Company, the ('innmercial Union Fire Insurance Company, 
 Barretts, Palmei- and Ileal Dyeing Establishment, and Barrett 
 Nephews Company, Old Staten Island Dyeing Establishment; was 
 Treasurer as well as trustee of St. Stephen's C(dlege, and a trustee 
 of the [Mutual Life Insurance Company, the New York Public Library, 
 and the American Bible Society. As Com])troller of Trinity Church 
 Corporation since 1880 he managed all its immense real estate inter- 
 ests. He was a member of the Chamber of Commerce and of the T'nion, 
 __ _ M e t r o p () 1 i I a n, I'nion League, 
 
 ^^' '- ? '^^s^ Knickerbocker, Tuxedo, New York 
 
 Yacht, Meadow Brook Hunt, and 
 other clubs. In 1870 he was 
 elected .Major of the Twelfth 
 Begiment, National Guard; in 1875 
 became Lieutenant-Colonel, and in 
 1877, Colonel, commanding the 
 regiment until he resigned in 
 1883. As Chairman of the Army 
 Committee of the Centennial inau- 
 guration celebration in 1SS9, he 
 had the organization of the entire 
 parade. He has held the posi- 
 tions of Treasurer and of Presi- 
 dent of the Bepublican County 
 Committee, and in 1888 was the 
 Bepublican candidate for Lieuten- 
 ant-Governor on the State ticket 
 with Warner Miller. Appointed Park Commissioner by Mayor Strong, 
 he was elected President of the Board. He was born in New Y'ork 
 City, May 9, 1844, the son of the late John Church Cruger by his second 
 wife, Euphemia White, daughter of Stephen Van Rensselaer, last 
 Patroon of Kensselaerwycdc. He thus lineally descended from John 
 Cruger, one of the most famous of early New York merchants, who 
 was Alderman of this citv from 1712 to 17:'.:*., and Mayor from 17:39 
 
 ^I'-^T^ 
 
EXCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 17 
 
 to ITii, aud from Kiliaeu Van Rensselaer, founder and first Patroon 
 of the Colony of KeusselaerwTck on the Hudson, 1030-1646. lie was 
 priucipally educated in Eui-ojje, where lie was at the beginning of the 
 Civil War. Hurrying home he became First Lieutenant in Company 
 E, One Hundi-ed and Fiftieth New York, at seventeen years of age. 
 He distinguished himself at the battle of Gettysburg, aud in August, 
 1863, became Adjutant. Assigned to the Twentieth Corps in October 
 of that year he participated in Sherman's Atlanta campaign, being 
 twice wounded at Resaca. Recovery seeming hojjeless he was honor- 
 ably discharged, but several months later he revolunteered, was re- 
 commissioned, and returned to his regiment at Atlanta in September, 
 1861. A horse "nas shot under him at Averysboro during the famous 
 march to the sea. He was commissioned Captain and appointed Chief 
 of Ordnance, First Division, Twentieth Corps, and served in this capa- 
 city until the end of the war. Mustered out in June, 1865, he was bre- 
 vetted Major and Lieutenant-Colonel " for gallant and meritorious 
 conduct during the cam]>aign through (Jeorgia and the Carolinas.'' 
 He married Julie Grinnell, daughter of Thomas \^'. Storrow, of Bos- 
 ton. Mrs. Cruger is a well-known authoress, under her pen-name of 
 •' Julien Gordon." 
 
 GARDINER, JOHN LYON, while his town house is on Madison 
 Avenue in this city, maintains his residence on Gardiner's Island, of 
 which he is the present proprietor, being the twelfth of his family 
 who has held this once manorial estate. The 
 first proprietor, Lion Gardiner, purchased the 
 island from the Indians in 1630, and had his 
 title confirmed both by the Dutch of New 
 Amsterdam and the Earl of Stirling, while in 
 1667 the island was erected under the Eng- 
 lish law into a lordship and manor, and so 
 remained until the Revolution destroyed the 
 feudal riglits attaching to it. Colonel Gardi- 
 ner is the son of the late Samuel Buell Gardi- 
 ner and Mary Thompson, and grandson of John caiuuxfr arms. 
 Lyon frardiner and Sarah, daughter of Joliu 
 
 Griswold, of Lyme, Conn., and granddaughter of Governor Maltliew 
 Grisw(dd. He married Elizabeth Coralie Livingston-Jones and has 
 three sons — Lion, John, and ^Vinthrop — and a daughter, wife of Alex- 
 ander Coxe, an English gentleman whose estate is near Sevenoaks, 
 Kent. Mrs. Gardiner was one of the founders of the Society of Colo- 
 nial Dames of America and its first Vice-President. 
 
 DE PEYSTER, JOHANNIS, founder of the famous New York 
 familv of this name, was the scion of an old Huguenot family of 
 
IS HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 gt'Utle blood, wlikli luul bei-u U)n<x sweated at Tours, Fniiu-e. Soon 
 after the massacre of St. Bartholomew |ir>T2), the family removed 
 to Holland, brandies being established at Amsterdam and Haarlem. 
 Johannis was born in the latter place, of which his Avife, Tornelia 
 Lubberts, was also a native. He r(mioved in Kiio to New Amstenlani, 
 which he had previously visited (1()33), on the former occasion also 
 enlisting in the New .Amsterdam Bni'gher Corps. Between tln^ yeais 
 Id.").") and 1(177 lie held the offices nf Schepen, Burgomasler, .Vlder- 
 iiiau. and Deputy Mayor of New Amsterdam and New York. He was 
 one of the (Committee of Defense in 1(J73, when the English captured 
 NeAV Amsterdam, and was one of tlu^ negotiators of the favorable 
 terms of surrender, (iovernor Nicolls appointed him .Mayoi- of New 
 York City, October 15, 1(>77, but he dcclinetl the oflicc, on tiic ground 
 of his imi)erfect command cd' the English language. Colonel Nic(»lls 
 asserted, however, that de I'eyster " could make a, better platform 
 .sjx^'ch than an\ other man outside (d' I'arliameut." De I'eyster was 
 a mertdiaut, ami ac(|uired a large fortune. Of an (dd and aristocratic 
 armiger family, he and his still uhuc famous son. Abraham, favored 
 ](o]iulai- go\('rnment. 
 
 DE TEYSTEB, ABKA11.\.M, .Mayoi- of New Yoik City from 1(;92 
 to K!!)."), was one of the most eminent tigui'es in the cidonial history 
 of this city and State. He held the commission of Colonel, command- 
 ing the militia of the City and County of New Voik — luue companies 
 (d' horse and fo(d. He was Alderman (d' the city in KiS."! and subse- 
 (jueid yeais. He was a Judge of the Supreme Court, and in 170(1 be- 
 came its ( 'hief -lu-^tice. He \\as a member of the King's Council from 
 l(i!)S to 1702, while in 1701 he served for a time as presiding officer 
 of the Council and Acting (iovernor of the Trovince of New York. 
 He was Ti-easurer t>\' the ])ro\inces (d' New \'ork and New -lersey dur- 
 ing the twenty years from 170(1. He was an esteenu'd friend of Will- 
 iam Tenn, proi)rietor of PcTnisylvania, and was the most intimate 
 friend and advisiM' of the Earl of Bellomont, New ^'ork's best Colonial 
 Governor. In her well-known ■' History of New York," Mrs. Martha 
 d. Lamb asserts that New York City owes its first impulse of real niu- 
 ni(i]tal ju-ogress and im](i()\ement to Cobund Abraham de Peyster. 
 He donated to the city the site of the original City Hall, whi're stands 
 the present Sub-Ti-easury IJuildiug — the scene of Washington's inau- 
 guration as t he first President id the United States. Mayor de Peyster 
 was born in New V(uk ( 'ity, duly S, 1(;.~)7, and died liere August 2, 1728. 
 He was the oldest son of Johannis de Peyster and C(U'uidia jjubberts. 
 Dui-ing a visit to Amsterdam, Holhunk he married his kinswoman of 
 that city. Catherine de I'eyster. The artistic statue of Colonel Abra- 
 ham de I'eystei', whicdi adorns Bowling rjreen, was given to the City 
 of N(n\' Vink by his distinguished descendant, < iemM-al John Watts de 
 Pevster. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 19 
 
 i)i: I'EYl^iTEK, JOHANNES, wealtliy iiicicliaiit of New York, was 
 Mayor of the city in KJDS and ICi'.lit, as liis (ddi'i- and still more eminent 
 brotlier, Chief Jnsticc Abialiam de Peyster, had been from 1<)'J2 to 
 109."). His (•ont<'ni](oraries credited him with being the handsomest 
 man in New York. He at onetime served as Alderman. He married 
 a dau^i'liter of Gerrit T>an(dver, a rich Indian trader and merciiant of 
 Albany, and died in lil'.i, leaving descendants. 
 
 i)K PEYSTEi;, I'illOhEKlC. was horn in X.-w York City, Novem- 
 ber 11. ]7!M;, and. at the lime of his death. Aii.L;nst 17, 1SS2, it was 
 asserted that he had " jmibably been connected as an active oHlcer 
 with more social, literary, and benevolent societies than any other 
 New Yoi'ker wlm ryrv lived." lie was graduated from ("oliimbia 
 College in iNKi; studied law with Hon. Pet<M' Augustus Jay and Hon. 
 Peter Yixn Schaick; began piactice iii ISl'.t. and from 1S20 to 1837 was 
 Master in Chancery. After 1837 lie contineil his legal business to the 
 care of the large estates of himself and his father-in-law. lion. John 
 Watts, Jr., devoting the rest of liis time to literary i)Uisuits and j)hi- 
 lanthropy. He was Corresjionding Secretary of the Ne\\' York His- 
 torical Society in 1827; was its Kecording Secretary from 1820 to 1837; 
 was again Corres])onding Secretary from 1838 to 1813; was President 
 of the Society from 18()4 to 18(>t>. and again, from 1873 until his death, 
 in 1882; was Foreign Secretary in 1844. and Second Vice-President 
 from 1850 to 18.'")3. As a young man he defeated a plan to disrupt 
 the Society and dispel its c(dlections, at the same time obtaining a lib- 
 eral appropriation for it from the New York Legislature. He served 
 terms as Treasurer and President of the St. Nicholas Society of New 
 York, and for thirty years served as Manager. He was a trustee of 
 the St. Nicholas Club from its organization, having been one of its 
 founders, and was its President from 1877 until his death. At the 
 time of his decease he was Vice-President of the Association of the 
 Alumni of Columbia College, and Chairman of its Standing Com- 
 mittee. He was long a trustee of the New York Society l>ibrary, and 
 President of the lioard from 1870 until his death. I'or mon- than 
 fifty years he was a trustee of the Leake and Watts Oriilian Asylum, 
 and Clerk of the Board. He was Vice-President of the Home for 
 Incurables, and a director of tlu^ Institution for the Instruction of 
 the Deaf and Dumb. He was an original incorporator, a director, 
 and Mce-President of the New Voile Society for the Prevention of 
 Cruelty to Ciiildren. When he di(^d lie was the oldest member of the 
 Board of Managers of the New York Bible Society, having served for 
 more than fifty years. He was also senior officer of the vestry of the 
 < 'hurch of the Ascension. He was an officer of the Mercantile Lilirary 
 Association, and one of the oldest directors of the Sixth Avenue Kail- 
 road Company. In 18G7, Columbia College conferred upon him the 
 
20 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 degree of Dodoi- of I^iiws, wliile, in 1S7T, the Iiot;i1 Ilistoiical Society 
 of Great I'.ritaiii made him au llouorary Fellow, lie was au honorary 
 member of the historical societies of Massachusetts, Maryland, Pemi- 
 sylvania, NViscunsin, Florida. rSiilfah), and Chicago, and was corre- 
 siJonding member of the Xe\\' England Historic-<;eneah)gical Society. 
 He published "The IMoral and Intellectual Influence of Libraries" 
 (18(30). " William the Third as a Keformer " (ISTi). " Representative 
 Men (d" the English Hevolntion " (1870), "The Life and Adminis- 
 tration of the Earl of llellomont " (1879), "The Culture Demanded 
 by the Age"" (180!»). and "Early Political History of New Y(.rk "" 
 (1805). He was a member of a students" militia company during the 
 War of 1812, and subsequently became Captain oi' tlie 115th New York 
 Regiment. He served on the staff of Governor De \\"\tt Clinton, and 
 was ^lilitary Secretary to the same for the Southern District of New 
 York. He was the son of Captain Frederic de I'eyster and Helen, 
 daughter of Connnissary-Geueral Samuel Hal^e, <d' the British Army, 
 and his wife. Helen Livingston, great-granddaughter of Kobei-t Liv- 
 ingston, first lord of Livingston Manor. Mr. de Peyster's grandfather, 
 James de Peyster, a Axcalthy New Yoi-k merchant, married a daughter 
 of Hon. Joseph Keade, a mend)er of the Kiug"s Council, and was him- 
 self the son of Hon. Abraham de Peyster, for many years Treasurer 
 of New Yoi'k and Ne\\' Jersey, in which oHice he succeeded his fatlu^r, 
 the famous Colonel Abraham de Peyster, Chief Justice, ,\eting Gov- 
 ernor, and ;\layor of New York. The wife of Hon. Abraham de 
 Peyster, Jr., was Afargaret, danghter of Hon. Jacobus Van Cortlandt. 
 Mr. Frederic de I'eyster marric^l Justina, daughter of Hon. John 
 Watts, Jr. She died early, leaving one child, the present General 
 John Watts de Pevster. 
 
 itE PEYSTER, JOHN WATTS, jdulanthropist and military his- 
 torian and critic, is the most eminent re])resentative of his family. 
 He is the author of hundreds of volumes, ])ami)hlets, and magazine 
 articles on historical and military subjects, including a group of works 
 on Dutch military and naval Idstory, a grou]) of works on the Ameri- 
 can Revohition, a group on the American Ci^il AA'ar, amither group 
 on the Thirty Years' War, another on the Wars of Frederick the Great, 
 another on the Napoleonic cam]>aigns, and another on Pxdhwell and 
 ;\lary (^)nceii of Scots. His military writings are without jiarallel 
 in any language for their exhaustive use of autliorities. Ins general 
 reference libraiy of 25,(100 volumes having been supplemented by sjie- 
 cial colleciions (dthe known volumes ami ]>aui])ldets in English, (Jer- 
 man, French, llalian, Spanish, etc., on each subject or epoch of 
 history treated. He has also ])ublished miscellaneous studies of the 
 ndlitary leaders of all times, known to sacred and profane history, 
 with military biographies of Torstenson, Gustavus Adoli)hus, ^Va]len- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK HIOC.RAPHY. 
 
 21 
 
 stein, Napulfoii, Caiaiisius, the Dutcli Admirals, (ieueial Scliuy- 
 lei", (ieneral Wajue, Sir John Johnston, Marshal Bliicher, (ieneral 
 rhilip Kearney, General Georye II. Tlionias, General Hooker, Gen- 
 eral llaueock, < General A. A. Humphreys, General Heintzelman, and 
 others. He has essayed historical tiction and historical drama, and 
 has published 
 many poems. He 
 donated special li- 
 braries to Columbia 
 
 College, the New ^ -^ 
 
 York Society Li- 
 b r a. r y, the New 
 York Historical So- 
 ciety, and Franklin 
 and Marshall Col- 
 lege. He gave to 
 New Y'ork City the 
 statue of his famous 
 ancestor in Bowl- 
 ing Green, and 
 erected in Trinity 
 Churchyard the no- 
 table statue of his 
 grandfather, Hon. 
 John ^Vatts, Jr. 
 He also gave a 
 beautiful statue to 
 the city of lluds(»n, 
 N. Y., and has 
 erected several foi- 
 institutions endowed by him. He built a Hosiiital for Consumptives 
 and an elaborate Training School for Boys for ilic ( Mdcr of Brothers 
 of Nazareth of Unionvale, Dutchess County; and lo lliis Order gave 
 i;>0 acres of his ancestral domain, togetlier with a librai-y. He has 
 erected and fitted u]i another and larger Home for Consumptives 
 in the same county. He has donated books to the Cazenovia Lyceum 
 and to St. Steplnni's College, Dutchess County. Tlu- new Methodist 
 Episcopal Church, at Madalin, N. Y., was erected and donated by 
 him. To the same denomination he likewise gave the buildings and 
 extensive grounds for the Watts de Peyster [Missionary Home for 
 Girls at Jladalin. He has built and fitted u]> a liandsoiiie Library 
 Building for Franklin and Marshall College. He gave valuable 
 works of art of historic interest to the States of New York, New 
 Jersey, and Pennsylvania, and to the City of Kearney, Neb., also do- 
 nating bocdvS to the public libraiw of the latter. He erected a chai)el 
 at Nebraska City, Neb., and a church and memorial parisli school at 
 
 GENERAL .JOHN WATTS I)K PKYSTKK. 
 
22 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 AltooiKi, I'm. lie crcctpd the "Annex"' to the Leake and Watts 
 Orphan IJonse. (ieneral de I'eyster's inililaiy career be^an in 1S45. 
 when he enlisted in the ^<tate Militia in Dntehess Connty, bein;L; tlien 
 twenty-fonr years of aiie. He receiv(-d rajiid ]H'oniotions. and after 
 the reorjianization of lS4()-47. for " meritorious conduct," lie was com- 
 missioned Colonel of tile lllrh i{ei;imeiit, comiiiaiidiiio- the 22d Ue^i- 
 meiital District. Tlie Anti-rent ai;itation was at its heii>lit, while the 
 rank and tile of the militia was mutinous on account of the reorgan- 
 ization tliroughotit the State, ("(doiul de Peyster was commended 
 l)y (loveriior Hunt and Adjutant-* ieneral Stevens as beinii' the only 
 ('oloiiid in the State, with the single exception of one old army officer, 
 who maintained i]isci])line dnrin.i;' this period. In 1851, Governor 
 Hunt a](](ointed liim P>ri<iadier-( ieneral of New York State troops 
 " for important services." ^leanwhile (ieneral de Peyster had be^un 
 the ac(]nisition of his remarkable military library, while he estab- 
 lished and edited a monthly, the EcJii'ircur, in which were ])ublished 
 Enijjlish translations of tlie standard military treatises of ^'on llard- 
 ego- and other Europeans. I'roiii 1S.")1 to 185:5 he was in Europe, 
 engaged at his own expense in tlie discharge of the trust committed 
 to him by his appointment as " .Military Agent of the State of New 
 York, to examine and report on such of the military systems of 
 Eurojie as slionid be adapted to the use of his native State of New 
 York." He made two remarkal)le reports, which were published as 
 Senate documents, and in an A])ii('iidix to the Kepoi't of the Adjutaut- 
 Oeneral, being widely circulated. They are said to " have been the 
 foundation of every improvement that our State troops have under- 
 gone since that time." They set forth the value of the brass twelve- 
 ]iounder, and led to the introduction in our cities of the jiaid tire de- 
 partment, with steam tire-engines. On January 1, 1855, General de 
 Peyster was appointed Adjntant-General of the State of New York 
 by (iovernor Clark, and at once inaugurate<l vigorous reforms. He 
 issued revised regulations, and, for the first time, secured uniformity 
 of mnskets and uniforms throughout the State, achieving a vast econ- 
 omy as well as efficiency. He introduced apiirojiriate artillery, and 
 prepared every branch of the service for enu-rgencies. He n^organ- 
 ized the Adjutant's Department, and demanded an honest manage- 
 ment of the finances. But this displeased tiie politicians, and, finding 
 the Governor frightened at tlieir outcry. General de Peyster resigneil 
 in disgust. Thenceforward he dexoted himself to military authorship, 
 most of his studies in Dutch history being ]inblislied jirior to the Civil 
 War. When this occurred, although suffering from frightful hemor- 
 rhages, he offered three r(>giments to President Lincoln at one time, 
 and two at anothei-. A Prigadier-Gf^neralshiji, however, was not of- 
 fered him. while the hardships connected with a lower rank prohibited 
 his ac<('iitance of it. Rach of his three sons enlisted before reaching 
 Their majoiities, while each rose to the rank of Brevet Colonel. But 
 
ENCYCLOPi'.DlA OF NFW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 23 
 
 the Geiu'iars pen tliroii^liout the war was iiiighticr tliaii the swurds 
 of most of the geuerals in the tiehL Duriii"; the earlv years he ren- 
 dered a service of ediu-atioii by the publication of siicli works as 
 " Facts or Ideas Indispensable to the Comprehensions of War," " No- 
 tions on Htratejij and Tactics," - Military Lessons," " Winter Cam- 
 paigns," and " Practical Strateiiy — IMeld-iMarshal Traiin." Every in- 
 cident of the war afforded a text for newspaper and magazine articles, 
 while still more valuable service was performed through private cor- 
 respondence with a large number of the leading Tnion Cenerals. On 
 May 25, 18(i(;, theNew York Legislatni-e conferred upon him the brevet 
 of Major-lJeneral of New York State troops, with rank frnni April 20, 
 1802, for "meritorious services ren<lered to the National (luard and 
 to the United 8tates, prior to and during the Rebellion." Tlie only 
 child of the late Frederic de Peyster and Justina, daughter of the late 
 John ^Yatts, Jr., (Jeneral de Peyster was born in New Y'ork City, 
 3Iarch !l, 1821. He had as tutor Professor Lutz, and traveled much 
 in Europe during his youtli, but was never graduated from college. 
 Ue himself mastered Latin, (ireek, FrencJi, and (Jerman, also acipiir- 
 ing a working knowledge of Italian and Spani-^h. He subseijuently 
 received the degree of blaster of Arts from ( "ol unibia College, has twice 
 received the degree of Doctor of Laws, and is the recipient of that of 
 Doctor of Literature. In IS!);! he was made an Honorary Fellow of 
 the iSociety of Science, Letters, and Art of London, while, in 1894, lie 
 was awarded its gold medal for " Scientihc and Literary Attain- 
 ments," He received three medals from Oscar 1. nf Sweden, in recog- 
 nition of his work as a, military ciitic. He is a life member of the 
 lioyal Historical Society of ( treat Britain, is an honorary memlter of 
 the Claren(h)n Historical Society of Edinburgh, is a member of the 
 ]\Iaats(Iia])iiij Nederbindsche Letterkunde of Leydeu, Holland, is Vice- 
 President of the Numismatic and Antiquarian Society of Pliiladel- 
 jdua, and is. in fact, a member, or honoraiy or cori-(^si)onding iiieudx-r, 
 or fellow, of between foi-ty and fifty historical, scientitic, and literary 
 societies of the ruited States, Canada, and Euro])e. 
 
 DUEK, WILLIAAL founder of tli«' New York family of this name, 
 was born in D(M'onsliii-e. lOngland. March 18, 1747, and died in New 
 Y'ork City, May 7, 17!t'.l. He was the son of John Duer, a wealthy 
 planter of Antigua, by his wife, Frances, daughter of (Jeneral I'red- 
 erick I'rye, of the P.ritisli West India sei-vice. Having been educated 
 at Eton, in 17(i2 ^^'illianl Duel' accomi)anied Lord Clive to India as 
 Aid-(le-cani]i. lie iidierited his father's estates in Antigua, and, 
 sto])])ing at New Yoi-k City to arrange for some sujiitlies of lumber, 
 made real estate Investments and settled in the city. Here he be- 
 came very prominent. He was Colmiel of tlie militia. County Judge, 
 a member of the New York Provincial Congress, a member of the 
 Revolutionary Comnnttei' of Safety, a delegate to the first Constitn- 
 
24 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 tioual ronvention of 177G-7, a delegate to the Coutiueiital ('on,i;ress 
 of 1777-8, Secretai*y of the Treasury Board in 1789, and Assistant 
 Seci'etary of the Treasui-j' iinder Hamilton. In 1792 he failed foi- 
 $3,000,000, causing the first panic in the country due to speculation. 
 He married Lad}- Catlierine, daughter of William Alexander, Lord 
 Stirling, Major-General in the Revolution, and his wife, Sarah, daugh- 
 ter of Philip Livingston, second lord of Livingston manor, a grand- 
 daughter of the first Johannes de Peyster, and a descendant of Kobert 
 II. of Scotland. Their sons, Hon. William Alexander Duer and Hon. 
 John Duer, became eminent, and are the ancestors of the present well- 
 known members of the family. 
 
 DUER, WILLIAM ALEXANDER, eldest son of Colonel William 
 Duer and Lady Catherine .Alexander, Avas born in Rhinebeclc, N. Y., 
 September 8, i780, and died in New York City, May 30, 1858. He 
 Avas bred to the law, and was the partner of Edward Livingston, both 
 in this city and for a time at New Orleans. He was also at one time 
 law partner of his brother-in-law, Beverly Robinson. For a time he 
 removed his practice to Rhinebeck, and was elected to the Assembly. 
 From 1822 to 1829 he was a Judge of the Supreme Court. From 1829 
 to 1812 he was President of Columbia College. He wrote and lectured 
 extensively, and in 1847 published a life of his grandfather, William 
 Alexander, Earl of Stirling. He married a daughter of William Den 
 uing, of New York City, and had a son, the late William Denning 
 Duer. 
 
 DUER, JOHN, second son of Colonel William Duer and Lady Cath- 
 erine Alexander, was a distinguished jurist of this city. He was born 
 in Albany, October 7, 1782, and died on Stateu Island, August S, 1858. 
 Between the ages of sixteen and eighteen he was in the United States 
 Army, subsequently studying law with Alexander Hamilton. He 
 practiced in Orange County at first, and distinguished himself as a 
 member of the Constitutional Convention of 1821. He revised the 
 statutes of the State in conjunction with Benjamin F. Butler and 
 John C. Spencer. In 1827 he was appointed United States Attorney 
 at New York City, and subsequently became one of the prominent 
 corporation lawyers of the city. Lie was elected to the Superior Court 
 of the city in 1849, and in 1857 succeeded Thomas J. Oakley as Chief 
 Justice. He edited five volumes of reports and was author of tw^o vol- 
 umes of an exhaustive '' Treatise on tlie Law and Practice of :Marine 
 Insurance." He married Anna Bnnner, and had a son, Hon. William 
 Duer, who became prominent in public life. 
 
 DUER, WILLIAM DENNING, son of Hon. William Alexander 
 Duer and a daughter of William Denning, was born in 1812, and died 
 in 1891. He married Caroline, daughter of James Gore King, the mer- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 25 
 
 chant of this city, and graiuWaugiiter of the celebrated Kufus Kiu}-, 
 aud had two daughters and live sons — Edward Alexander, James 
 Gore King, a well-known banker of New York; Kufns King, an officer 
 of the United States Army, now dead; William Alexander, a well- 
 known lawyer of New York, and Denning Duer, of New Haven, Conn. 
 
 DUEll, \\l Lhl A31, whih* boin in New York City, May 25, 1805, and 
 while a resident during his declining years, from 1858 until his death, 
 August 25, 1879, ])ursued liis more active career elsewiiere. He was 
 tlie sou of the late Chief Justice John Duer and Anna Bunuer, and 
 having been graduated from Columbia, College in 1824, was admitted 
 to the bar, and began practice in Oswego, N. Y. In 1832 he removed 
 to New York City, in 1833 removed to New Orleans, aud in 1835 
 returned to Oswego, where he was District Attorney from 1815 to 
 1847, was elected to Congi-ess in 1847, and re-elected in 184!). Subse- 
 quently, for several years, he was United States Minister to Chile. 
 Having practiced law in San Francisco, from 1854 to 1858, he retired 
 to this city. He married his cousin, Lucy, daughter of Beverly (.'hew, 
 of New Orleans, and .Maria Tlieodora, daughter of Colonel William 
 1 >uer. She still survives him, Avith three daughters aud three sons — 
 John Duer, a well-known New York lawyer; Beverly Chew Duer, and 
 Alexander Duer. 
 
 DUEE, JAMES CORE KING, who has been long engaged in the 
 banking business in this city, is a Director of the Long Island Kailroad 
 Company, the ^Manliattan I>each Comjiany, and the Manhattan Beach 
 Hotel and Land Company. He was born in this city, was educated at 
 Columbia College, and is a member of the Union and Westminster 
 Kennel clubs, and the Columbia College Alumui Association. He 
 married in 1804 Elizabeth Wilson, daughter of Orlando IMeads, of 
 Albany, and has three daughters, one of whom is Mrs. Joseph La- 
 roeque, Jr. He is the son of the late William Denning Duer and Caro- 
 line, daughter of James Gore King, tlie New York mercdiant, and 
 gran(hlaughter of Uufus King, the statesman; is the grandson of Will- 
 iam Alexander Duer, President of Columl»ia College from 1829 to 
 1842, and is great-grandson of tlie famous Colojud William Duer and 
 Lady Catherine, daughter of William Alexander, titular Earl of Stir- 
 ling. 
 
 '??• 
 
 DUER, WILLIAM ALEXANDER, has long Vieen engaged in the 
 practice of law in New York City, and is prominent in its social life. 
 He is a trustee of the Union Trust Comitany. and is a member of the 
 Union, Knickerbocker, City, Iliding, :Mauliattan, and Lawyers' clubs, 
 the City Bar Association, the Sons of the Revolution, and the Colum- 
 bia College Alumni Associatioii. The son of the late William Denning 
 Duer aud Caroline, daughter of James Gore King, he was born in New 
 
26 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 York (MtY, and in ISGlt was siradnated from Columbia College, of 
 which his grand father was long president. lie married Ellen, daugh- 
 ter of William II. Travers, and granddaughter of Keverdv Johnson. 
 They have one child, Katherinc Alexander, who, in May, 1S!)8, became 
 the wife of Clarence W. ilackay, only surviving sou of John W. 
 Mackay. 
 
 DI'EII, JOHN, who, for many years, has been engaged in the prac- 
 tice of law in New York Citj', is the Treasurer of the Lawyers' Title 
 Insurance Company, and is a director of the E. ^. Higgins Carpet 
 Comjiany. He is a member of the Metropolitan, Knickerbocker, City, 
 and other clubs, the Bar Association of the city, the St. Nicholas So- 
 ciety, the Downtown Association, and the Columbia College Alumni 
 Association. lie was born in the City of New York, and in 1859 was 
 graduated from Columbia College. He married in 1871 Sara, daugh- 
 ter of Henry Du Pont, of Wilmington, Del. Son of the late Hon. Will- 
 iam Duer, and his wife, Lucy, daughter of Beverly Chew, of New 
 Orleans, and Maria Theodora, daughter of Colonel William Duer and 
 Lady Catherine Alexander, he receives a double strain from the 
 founder of the Duer family of New York, and from Lord Stirling, the 
 Revolutionary 3Iajor-General, as well as from the tii-st Johannes de 
 Peyster, and the first aiul second lords of Livingston manor. Beverly 
 Chew, his maternal grandfather, was a itrominent New Orleans mer- 
 chant, Collector of tiie Port there from 1817 to 1829, President of the 
 branch bank of the United States at New Orleans, and Yice-Consul of 
 Kiissia; while through him Mr. Duer is seventh in descent from John 
 Chew, a cadet of the ancient family of Chew, of Chewton. Somerset- 
 shire, England, who emigrated to Mrginia in l(i20, and became a 
 wealthy merchant and planter, a member of the House of Assembly, 
 and of the House of Burgesses. 
 
 DUEPv, BEYEIJLY CHEW, Cashier of the Bank of the State of 
 New York, was born and educated in New York City, and is the son 
 of the late Hon. William Duer and of his wife, Lucy, daughter of Bev- 
 erly Chew, of New Orleans, granddaughter of Colonel William Duer, 
 and great-grandilaughter of Lord Stirling, Major-General in the Revo- 
 lutionary Army. From the two last-mentioned ancestors he also lin- 
 eally descends through his father, as well as from the founders of the 
 de Peyster and Livingston families in this country. Hon. John Chew, 
 of Yirginia in 1(520, is a maternal ancestor. He is a member of the 
 Union and City clubs. He married Sophie Lawrence Pool, and has a 
 son, Bevcily Duer. 
 
 11A3IILTON, ALEXANDER (see steel engraving, Yolume I. of 
 this work, facing page 29(ii. wielded an intiuence in shaping the 
 United States Government wliich singles him out among all the citi- 
 
EXCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 27 
 
 zens el' New Yoilc < 'ity. He was liorii (in Xevis, West ludies, Jaiiiiai y 
 11, 1757, and was killed in a duel by Aaron Burr at Weehawkeu 
 opposite New York, July 11, I.SOL At thirteen years of age he held 
 a responsible position with a ^Vest India merchant, while his eon- 
 tribntions to a local newspaper led friends to send him to New York 
 to be educated. Here he iiileresled himself in tiie agitation in re- 
 sistance of tlie right of (Ireat Britain to levy taxes in the colonies 
 at discretion. At a mass meeting in the city, July 5, 1774, he made 
 an eloquent address, lie was then seventeen years of age and a stu- 
 dent at King's College, now ( 'olumbia University. Soon after he pub- 
 lished two brilliant pamphlets against British oppression, " A Full 
 ^'indication " and " The Farmer Refuted. " ^Yhe^ the Revolution 
 began, he entered the ])atri<it service in command of a company of 
 artillery, and in this cajiacity i>articii)ated in the battles of Long Is- 
 land and \Yhite Plains. He was then ajipointed to Washington's 
 personal staff, serving until a re]»rimand from ^Yashington led him 
 To resign in 17S1. He studied law and began practice in New Y'ork 
 ( "ity, rajiidly winning a reputation in tin* courts. Soon after the Bevo- 
 lurion lie was »dected to the ( "ongress of the Thirteen Colonies, as con- 
 stituted under the Articles of CoTifcderation, and at once became con- 
 s])icuous in this Ixidy. Kcalizing that a stable future could be hopefl 
 for only through the unili'ij action (d" the Colonics, whereas this Con- 
 gress could only make recommendations, the execution (d' which was 
 merely ojttional with the various States, Hamilton sTreuTiously la- 
 bored for the formation of a Constitution which would comjiact the 
 Colonies into a nation. He was the leader of the (dement which la- 
 bored for a powerful centralized (iovernment, and had his ideas pre- 
 \ailed to a still greater extent than was the actual fad, the c(ndral- 
 ization of power would have been still greater than the Constitution 
 of the rnit(Ml States made it, and the (|uestiou of State rights which 
 was settled by the Civil War, might, perhaps, have been settled from 
 the beginning. On the other hand, it is of course jiossible that greater 
 jKiwer might have proved a temjitation to some of our Presidents. 
 Hamilton founded the Fvdvralist, and his articles contributed to it 
 were influential in bringing about the adoption of the Constitution. 
 Having accepted the ottice of Receiver of Taxes at New Y'ork City un- 
 der the Confederation, he made a careful study of linancial (piestions. 
 and upon the election of Washington as President, he entered his cabi- 
 net, becoming the tirst Secre+ary of the Treasury of the Fiuted States. 
 Not alone did he S(dve the great i>roblem of ]>lacing the new (iov- 
 ernment upon a sound financial basis, but his intiuence was power- 
 ful, if not dominant, in evei';v department of executive administration. 
 He established the credit of the new Government at home and abroad 
 by defeating the project to repudiate the domestic debt of f42,0()(),()()0, 
 and by inducing Congress to assume the various State debts, aggre- 
 gating .|2.1,()()0,()00. There was also a. foreign debt of .*!12,U(»0,()00, 
 
28 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Fi-nnce, Ildllaiid, and Spain beini; the creditors. Direct taxation be- 
 ing nnpopuiar, lie devised a schedule of tariffs on imports and a tax 
 upon the domestic nmnufacture of distilled liquors. With the res- 
 toration of credit, commercial and industrial trade revived, while the 
 re\enue soon exceeded the need for current expenses and to meet the 
 interest on the national debt, funds accruing for the liquidation of 
 the jirincipal. Hamilton also secured the establishment of a National 
 bank in IT'Jl, and of a Government mint in 1792. But, despite his 
 practicable and I'esourceful statesmanship, and the keenness of in- 
 tellect, in which he had no peer among his brilliant contemporaries, 
 he had defects of character which can not be extenuated. He was 
 proud, autocratic, and selfish, and unwilling either to curb his ambi- 
 tion or to temper his dislikes and animosities for the sake of the pub- 
 lic good. His rupture with Thomas Jefferson, who was Secretary 
 of State in the same cabinet in which he was Secretary of the Treas- 
 ury, was a grief to Washington, who found it impossible to reconcile 
 the rivals. Their rancor descemled to their adherents, causing the 
 stiiTing up of party spirit to the perilous pitch which caused W^ash- 
 ington to deplore it as a danger to the Kepublic in his famous addi'ess 
 at the close of his administration. In apportioning censure, there is 
 little to choose between Hamilton and Jefferson. Both wei'e ambi- 
 tious to dominate ^^'nshington's administration, while they were ex- 
 ponents of quite opposite theories of government. But nothing can 
 be said in extenuation of Hamilton's intrigues against John Adams, 
 whereby he disrupted the Federalist party. In 1788 he employed his 
 influence to make the vote for Adams as Vice-I'resident as small as 
 possible. Yet. as President of the Senate, Adams cast the deciding 
 ballots which alone saved from defeat many of Hamilton's projects to 
 establish the credit of the United States. In fact, the importance 
 of Adams's support of W^ashington's administration can scarcely be 
 exaggerated. At the end of Washington's second administration, 
 Adams being the Federalist choice for I'resident and Thomas Pinck- 
 ney for Vice-President, Hamilton unsuccessfully attempted to elect 
 Pinckney to the tirsi: office by urging Adams's New England sup- 
 porters to divide their votes equally betwe(Mi Adams and Pinckney, 
 while he knew sonu' Soiithern Federalist electors would withhold 
 votes from Adams so as to give Pinckney a majority. The scheme 
 only succeeded in creating a feud which i)laced the Federalist p.arty 
 permanently out of power. Hamilton's life finally paid the penalty 
 of his political rancor. Aaron Burr had long been his rival in law 
 practice at the New York bar, and had defeated his father-in-law, Gen- 
 eral Philip Schuyler, for the United States Senate in 1791. Hamilton 
 had several times retaliated by laying obstacles in the way of Burr's 
 ambition, and when Burr ran for (^lovernor of New York in 1801, Ham- 
 ilton was active in securing his defeat. During the campaign he had 
 voiced insinuations against Burr's trustworthiness of character (no 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 29 
 
 doubt justifiable, iu point of nww fact), and, under the atiwj; of de- 
 feat, BuiT took up these rcproaehes, clialh'Uiied Hamilton to a duel, 
 and killed him. ^\'e must add that it was undoubtedly Hamilton's 
 inflnence which secured the election of Jefferson as President when 
 the tie between Jefferson and Burr in the Electoral Collej;e 
 threw the decision into Conjiress. The brilliancy of Hamilton's ca- 
 reer is the more remarkable when we reflect that he was but forty- 
 seven years of a,ine at the time of his death. As a practitioner at the 
 New York bar he had no peer. lie was made Inspector-(ienera.l of 
 the United States Army, with the rank of Major-General, in 1798. 
 Two years later he was elected Trcsident of the Society of the Cincin- 
 nati. He married, in 17S0, Elizabeth, dauf^hter of CJeneral riiiliit 
 Schuyler, and had a number of children. Three of his sons, James 
 Alexander, Jcdm Church, and Thili]) Hamilton, practiced law in New 
 York City. Another son was killed in a duel at Weehawkeu, prior 
 to his father's death from Burr's bullet. 
 
 HAMILTON, WILLIAM GASTON, the well-known civil and me- 
 chanical engineer, is a son of the late Colonel John Church Hanul- 
 ton, and a grandson of the famous Alexander Hamilton. He has 
 been prominently connected with many business enterprises and 
 many public institutions of this city. At the present time he is 
 President of the Kamapo Wheel and Foundry Company, and a di- 
 rector of the Mexican Telegraph Company and the Central and 
 South American Telegraph Company. He was formerly Presid(Mit of 
 the Jersey City Locomotive Works, as well as engineer, and was 
 President of the Hamilton Steeled Wheel Company. He was Mce- 
 Presideut of the Mexican and Central Telegraph Company, as he 
 was also of the South American Telegraph Company. He was Con- 
 sulting Mechanical Engineer to the Pennsylvania Railroad. Under 
 the administration of ^Mayor Strong he was Chairman of the :Mayor's 
 Advisory Committee on Public Baths. He is a Manager of the 
 Woman's Hospital, of the New York Cancer Hospital, and of the 
 New York Blind Asylum, is Vice-President of the Deniilt Dispen- 
 sai-y, and is Vice-President of the New York Association for Improv- 
 ing the Condition of the Poor. He is a member of the Metropolitan. 
 Tuxedo, Century, City. Players', and Church clubs, the St. Nicholas 
 Society, the American Society of Engineers, and the Sons of the 
 Revolution. He married Charlotte (Jeffrey) Pierson. and has two 
 daughters and a son — William Pierson Hamilton. The latter is 
 Treasurer of the Manhattan Trust Company, a Trustee of St. John's 
 Guild, and married Juliet P.. daughter of J. Pierpont Morgan. 
 
 JAY, JOHN (see s,teel engraving in Volume I. of this work, facing 
 page 196), second Governor of the State of New York, was born in 
 New York City, December 12, 1745, and in 17G1 was graduated from 
 
30 HISTORY ()!■ THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Kind's ( 'olli'ne ( now C'oliiuibia L'nivcrsilv i. lie was aihnittcd to the 
 bar in 17G8, and practiced in i)artiiersliiii \\ itli Robert R. Livingstou, 
 afterward Chancellor, day eai-jy and actively esponsed tiie cause of 
 the colonists ai;ainst <ireat Ri'itain. and. next to Alexander Hamil- 
 ton, was the most able and intlneiitial citizen of New York dnring 
 tlie Kevohition and the formative ]ieriod of the Fnited States. He 
 was a member of the Committee of Fifty appointed in 1774 to link the 
 colonies together throngli coiTespondence. He was a member of the 
 New York Provincial Congress in 177(> and 1777, as he was of the 
 first Continental Congress, in whi(di he drafted the address to the 
 people of Great Britain. He was sinularly active in the second Con- 
 tinental Congress. In 1777 he drafted the first Constitution of the 
 State of New York, and the same year became the first Chief Justice 
 of the New York Supreme Court. While u]»oii this bench he was 
 elected to the ( 'ontinental < 'ongress (d' 177S, and became its I'resident. 
 The following yt^ar he was a])|)ointed .Minister from tlie Thirteen Colo- 
 nies to S]»ain. H(M\'as one of the f(nir Commissioners who negotiated 
 the treaty of peace with (Ireat Rritain, November :^0, 1782, Franklin, 
 John Adams, and Laurens being the otliers. He st-rved five years as 
 Secretary of Foreign Affairs under the Confederation of the Colonies, 
 and was one of the great leaders wlio assisted in franung the Con- 
 stitution of the United States. He divided witli Hamilton the honor 
 of the authorship of the brilliant arti(des in the I'nit rails/, which were 
 so potent in infiuencing the a<loi)tion of that document by the Colo- 
 nies, creating the United States of America. Ry a])]iointment by 
 President Washington, Jay became the first Chief Justice of the Su- 
 preme Court of the United States in 1789. He resigned this ])osition 
 in 1704 to accept his ap])ointment as Ihiited States ^finister to (Jreat 
 Britain, to avert, if |)ossible, the threatened war on account of dis- 
 criminations against American commeice. A treaty with (Jreat Brit- 
 ain was negoti.ded by him and concluded, November lit, 17!I4. ^Vhile 
 it did not cover all the causes of grievance, it was the best tjiat could 
 tiien be obtained, and averted war at a tinu' when peace was of super- 
 lative importance to Hk^ young nation. In A]>7-il, 1795, Jay was 
 elected ( lovemor of the State of New York. In this capacity he se- 
 cured the mitigation of the crinunal laws, secured the estal>lishment 
 of institutions for the employment and attem])ted reformation of 
 ciiminals, and brought ;tbout the abolition of slavery in the State of 
 New Yoi'k, signing the bill which abolished this institution in 1799. 
 He served a second term, and then determined to retire to private life, 
 hiiving inherited an estate at Bedford, Westchester County, N. Y. 
 Adams desired to reai>iioint him to the Chief Justiceshi]) of thefT^niti^l 
 Slates Suiireme Court, but he declined. He died in lSi:9. He was the 
 great-grandson of I'iei're Jay, a Huguenot merchant of Ikochelle, 
 France,whofied to England n])on theRevocation of theKdict of Nantes, 
 in 1085. The hitter's son, Augustus, grandfather of John Jay, immi- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 31 
 
 grated in turn to New York. Augustus Jay was a wcallliv New York 
 meroliant, and married tlie dauglitci- of IJaltliazar Itayard, an elder 
 brother of Colonel Nicdicdas I5ayard. His business passed to his sou, 
 Peter Jay, father of -John Jay. The latter s mother was ]\Iary, daugh- 
 ter of ]Mayor Jacobus Ynu Cortlaudt, the second son of the original 
 Oloff Stevensen Van Cortlaudt. Jolin Jay married Sarah Yan Rrugh, 
 daugliter of Governor William Livingston, of New Jersey, and great- 
 gianddaughter of the first Ilobert Livingston in America. She was 
 also great-granddaughter of Philip French, ^layoi- of New York City 
 in 1702. 
 
 JAY, WILLIAM, one of the smis of Chief Justice Jolm Jay, prac- 
 ticed law in New York City, and foi- about a (piarter of a century was 
 first Jud'^c of Westchester County, lie was one of tlie earliest influ- 
 ential ad\()cates of the abolition of 
 slavery in the United States, and se- 
 cured its abolition in tlie l>istrict of 
 Columbia, fie also cham])ioned the 
 cause of int<'rnational arbitration of 
 differences, iind obtained recognition 
 of the ]>i-inci]de in a substantial way 
 l>y various lOurojiean nations. Tlie 
 pirogress since nmde in this direc- 
 tion is (diiefiy due to his efforts. He 
 was one of the founders of the Amer- 
 ican Pilde Society in ISlC. The lim 
 attitude of France toward the Amer- 
 ican Colonies during the IJenolution 
 was fiist made ]>ublic by his ])ul)li- 
 cation of the ■■ Life and Writings of 
 J(thn Jay" in is:?3. lie also pub- 
 lished an " ln(|uiiy into the ( Miaracter 
 and Tendemy of the .\merican C(dou- 
 
 ization and .\meiican Anti-Slavery Societies" (ls;Ul, a " \'iew of 
 the Action of the Federal Covernment in I'.ehalf of Slavery" ( l>;:!Ti, 
 "The Condition of the Free Peojde of Cohu- in the United States" 
 (1S31)|, an "Address to the \on-Slaveholders of the South, on the 
 Social and Political Evils of Slavery " (lS4'.tl. " War and Peace: the 
 Evils of the First, with a Plan for Securing the Last " (1S4NI, and 
 " Causes and Consequences of the ^lexican War " ( ISiU i. 
 
 JAY, JOHN, next to his faiiions grandfather and namesake, the 
 most distinguished m<'mber of the Jay family, was the son of Judge 
 William Jay, and was born in New York ( Mty, June 2;j, 1S17. lie di<'d 
 May .■"), 1S!»4. lie was graduated from Columbia College at the head 
 of his class when nineteen veais of a^c. while, as a student, he had 
 
 .rUDGK WILLIAM .J.\Y. 
 
32 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 been fur two yerii's manager uf the New York Young .Men"s Ami-Slav- 
 ery Society. He studied law with Daniel Lord, Jr., enjiaged in prac- 
 tice in this city, and enjoyed a lar,ij,e and lucrative practice. He was 
 ever the zealous champion of the fui.iitive slaves, and, in addition to 
 numerous cases of less note, appeared in the slave cases of Kirk, Da 
 Costa. Lemon, and Lonsi'. He opposed tlie admission of Texas into the 
 Union. In 1818 he visited Europe. In 1854 he became President of 
 the Free Democratic Chib of this city, an ors>anizatiou which opposed 
 the I'epeal of the ^Missoini Comproniise. He became one of the active 
 founders of the llepublican party, supporting Fremont for tlie Presi- 
 dency in 1856, wliile his address on •■ America Free or America Slave," 
 was extensively used as a campaign document. He predicted Lin- 
 coln's election in 18G0, and the consequence that slavery would be 
 
 abolished, in an address on " The Rise 
 and Fall of the Pro-Slavory Democracy 
 and the Ilise and Duties of the Repub- 
 lican Party." By appointment of Pres- 
 ident Grant he succeeded the historian 
 Motley as United States Ministtn- to 
 Austna in April, 18011, holding the 
 office until his resignation in the fall of 
 1871. He was President of the Union 
 League Club of New York City from 
 1866 to 1869, and again in 1877. He 
 was President of the American Uis- 
 / ffi^ #' / M ""- i tM'ifiil Society of America, and was 
 
 f^fai / ji- ^5^H^ ' President of the National League for 
 
 the J'rotection of American Institu- 
 tions. He was for many years Man- 
 ager and ('orresi>onding Secretai-y of 
 the New Y'ork Historical Society. 
 He was one of the founders of the 
 Freednuin's Aid I'nion, and was a manager of the I'reedman's Aid 
 Society of New York. He was one of tlie incoriiorators of the Ameri- 
 can Geographical Society. As President of tlie I'nion League Club, 
 he was active in tlie organization of the ^letropolitaii IMusenm of Art. 
 He was a member of the Century, University, and Reform clubs, and 
 of many societies of America and Europe. He maiTied, in 1887. 
 Eleanor, daugliter of H. W. Fiehl. The ]pres('iit ( "nlmiel ^^■iilianl Jay is 
 their onlv son. 
 
 HON. .JOHN .LAY. 
 
 JAY, WILLI. V^l, only son of the late Hon. .Tolin Jay and Eleanor 
 Field, Mas born in New York City, was graduated from Columbia Col- 
 lege, and lias been engaged in the practice of law in this city since the 
 Civil War. He served witli distinction from tlie beginning of that 
 conflict to the end, being attached, at various times, to the staffs of 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 33 
 
 General ^^'ool, General Morrell, General Sykes, and General Meade, 
 and attaining the rank of J.ientenant-Colonel. He is President of the 
 New York Cab Company, and a director of the Continental Trnst 
 Company, the Manhattan Storage and Warehouse Company, the Com- 
 mercial Cable Telegraph Company, and the American Horse Ex- 
 change. He is a well-known whip, and has been President of the 
 Coaching Club. He is now President of the Meadow Brook Club. He 
 is a member of the iletropolitan, Century, Knickerbocker, (ity, 
 Church, Lawyers", and other clubs; the Bar Association of the city, 
 the Military Order of the Loyal Legion, the Sons of the Kevolution, 
 and tlie Columl)ia Alumni .Vssociation. 
 
 GOELET, PETEK, founder of the fortunes of the well-known fanv 
 ily of this name although in the fourth generation of the family in 
 this city, was born in 1727, and became one of the most wealthy ant! 
 prominent merchants of New York. Originally in partnership with 
 Peter T. Curtenius, for many years sul)sequent to 17()3 he conducted 
 the business alone. Hi' was an importer of hardware and cutlery, 
 and was also one of the first in the city to import violins, guitars, 
 flutes, and other musical instruments. His place of business was 
 in Hanover Square. He was a member of New York's tirst "Com- 
 mittee of Fifty" (literally, fifty-one), or Committee of Correspond- 
 ence, appointed in May, 1774, to resist British oppression. He was 
 also a member of the Committee of One Hundred of 1775, which had 
 charge of local affairs, and issued the call for a Provincial Congress, 
 upon receipt of the news of the Battle of Lexington. He married in 
 1755 Elizabeth Uatse, daughter of another wealthy merchant of the 
 city. He was himself the son of John Goelet and Jannetje, daugh- 
 ter of Jean Cann(jn, a New York merchant of French Huguenot de- 
 scent; was the grands(in of Jacobus Goelet and Jannetje Coessar, 
 both of Huguenot descent, and was the great-grandson of Francis 
 Goelet, of a family which had removed from La Roclielle, France, to 
 Amsterdam, Holland, as early as 1(121. Francis reached New York 
 in 1676, accompanied by his son, Jacobus, then ten years of age. Es- 
 saying to return to Holland on liusiness soon after, Francis was lost 
 at sea, while his son was brought up in the family of Frederick Phil- 
 lipse, the most opulent of the New York merchants of his day, and the 
 first lord of Phillipsi- manor. 
 
 G0ELP:T, peter p., son of Peter Goelet and Elizabeth Ratse, in- 
 herited from his father considerable real estate, which rapidly in- 
 creased in value, and to which he added by judicious investment. 
 He was born in New York City in 1761 and died in 182S. In 1790 
 he married Almy, daugliter of Thomas Buchanan, ont^ of the leading 
 merchants of this city and a member of the Revolutionary Commit- 
 tee of One Hundred "of 1775. They had two sons— the late Peter 
 
34: HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 aud the late IJobeit (iiielet — aud twu daughters — Jean 1>. aud Han- 
 nah, wife of the late Captain Thomas Gerry, TJ.S.N., and mother of 
 the present Elbridge (lei-i'v. 
 
 GOELET, PETEK, eldest son <>( Peter P. Goelet and Almy Bnehan- 
 an, ^Yas born in New York City in ISOO and died in 1871). He was 
 one of the largest holders of real estate in New York, and was an 
 officer of varions financial institntions. He was one of the fonnders 
 of the Chemical I>ank. Dnrin^ the Civil War he contrilmted 
 liberally in aid of the sick and wonnded Union soldiers. He resided 
 in the old (Joelet mansion on Broadway, at the corner of Nine- 
 teenth Street, and indnli^cd liis mechanical Renins in the frequent 
 forging of ingeniously contrived locks and other inventions, having 
 established a forge in the basement. He never married, and left the 
 bnlk of his fortune to his nephews, the present Kobert Goelet and the 
 late Ugden Goelet. 
 
 GOELET, ]{()I;EKT, the younger of the two sons of the late Peter 
 P. Goelet and Almy Buchanan, and who alone married and left isstie, 
 was born in this city in lS(t;» and died in 1879. In his business 
 relations he was closely associated with his brother Peter, their for- 
 tunes being largely invested in real estate in New York City, of 
 which they were extensive owners. They were also among the 
 founders and first officers of the famous ('heniical Bank. Bobert 
 Goelet married Sarah, daughter of Jonathan Ugden, of the notable 
 New Jersey family of that name. His two sons, the present Kob- 
 ert Goelet and the late Ogden Goelet, have long been among the 
 most prominent citizens of New York City. 
 
 GOELET, KOBEKT, the present head of one of the most prominent 
 of the old New York families, is the eldest son of the late Itobeit 
 Goelet and Sarah, daughter of Jonathan Ogden, was born in New 
 York City, September 29, 1841; in 18(;o was graduated from Colum- 
 bia College, studied law, and was admitted to the bar. He has never 
 practiced his profession, bnl luis devoted himself to directing the 
 business policy in connectii'n with the large estates inherited by 
 himself and liis brother, the late Ogden Goelet, who Avere heirs not 
 only of their father, but of their uncle, Eobert Goelet, who died in 
 1879. He has been a pioneer among the inheritors of extensive real 
 estate holdings in this city in erecting notable and attractive build- 
 ings, from au architectural stand])oint, upon tJic ](roperties under 
 his control. He is also an officer of some of the most powerful finan- 
 cial institutions of the city. He is a trustee of the I^nion Trust 
 Company and the New York life Insurance and Trust Company, 
 and a director of the Cliemical National Bank, the Bank of New 
 Amsterdam, the Guaranty Trust Company, and the ^letropolitan 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 35 
 
 ()l)era and Ileal Estate Company. His fatber and his nncle were 
 anionc; the founders of tlie Chemical IJank, wlule he was himself in 
 1887 one of the founders of the Bank of New Amsterdam, estab- 
 lished with a financial policy similar to that which has yiveu the 
 older institution its novel iire-emineuce. He has country places at 
 Newpoi-t, II. I., and Tuxedo, X. Y. His steam yacht, Nahma, is one 
 of the most magnificent pleasure palaces afioat. He is a member 
 of the Patriarchs, the Union, Metropolitan, Knickerbocker, Tuxedo, 
 Racquet, Players', New York Yacht, and Southside Sportsmen's 
 clubs, the City Bar Association, the Ui)town Association, the St. Nich- 
 olas and Holland societies, and the Columbia Alumni Association. 
 He is also a member of the Metropolitan Club of Washington, the 
 Philadeli)hia Club of Philadelphia, and the Royal Cl.vde Yacht and 
 Royal Northern Yacht clulis of (iiasgow, Scotland. He married in 
 1870 Henrietta Louise, daughter of the late (ieorge Henry Warren, 
 Sr.. an eminent lawyer of this city, and of Mary Caroline, daughter of 
 Hon. Jonas Phillips I'hoenix. and has a son, Robert \\all(in Goelet, 
 and a daughter, Beatrice. 
 
 COEI.ET, OGDEN, the younger son of the late Robert Goelet and 
 Sarah Ogden, was born in New York City, June 11, 181G, and died on 
 board his yacht, Mayfiower, at ('owes, England, August 27, 1897. 
 He gave much attention to the management of the large estates 
 inherited by himself and his brotlier, and was prominent as a patnm 
 of yachting. The most important annual priy-es for sloops and for 
 schooners racing in American waters are the Goelet Cups, which 
 he gave to the New York Yacht Club in 1882. He also gave a num- 
 ber of prizes for races in European waters, one of which was won by 
 the Prince of Wales's Britannia. At one time tlie owner of the fast 
 schooner yacht Norseman, more recently lie built the ^layfiower, 
 which, when launclied in 18!t(), had few rivals among luxurious 
 steam yachts, and added tlie novel feature of mounting six rapid- 
 fire guns. This craft was acquii-ed by the United States Govern- 
 ment for the war with Si)ain, and equipped as a torpedo-destroyer. 
 -Ml'. Goelet was a member of the Patriarchs, and of the Union, Metro- 
 politan, Knickerbocker, Tuxedo, Raccpiet, Riding, Players', New York 
 Yacht, Seawanhaka-Corinthian Yaclit, \Yestminster Ivennel, and 
 Southside Sportsmen's clubs, as well as of the Royal Yaclit Scpiad- 
 ron and other Eurojican clubs. He married in 1877 Mary E., eldest 
 daughter of Richard T. Wilson, well-known bankcn- of this city, and 
 had a son, Robert Goelet, and a daugliter. ]\larv. His widow and 
 both children survive him. 
 
 REMSEN, HENRY, born in Brooklyn, April .-), 178r), died in New 
 York City, ^larcli 13, 1702, was one of tlie largest drygoods imjiorters 
 of his day, establishing the firm of Henry Renisen iV; Comiiany. He 
 
36 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 was oue of the iueurporators of the Xew York fciocietj Library. He 
 was active against British aggressiou duriug the Revolutiouary pe- 
 riod, and iu 1774: was cue of the Committee of One Hundred, of which 
 Isaac Low was Cliairman. As Deputy- Chairman, on May 18, 1775, 
 Eerasen signed tlie address of the General Committee to Lieutenant- 
 Crovernor Coldeu. In 1770 lie aided the Provincial Congress by im- 
 Ijorting supplies for tlie patriot troops. He retired to Morristown, 
 X. J., during the British occupation of New York City, subsequently 
 returning and resuming business. He married, in 17G1, Cornelia, 
 daughter of Charles Dickenson, and had nine children who reached 
 laatnrity, although but two of them were ever married. He was the 
 son of Heudiick Kemsen, also a New Y'ork merchant; was the grand- 
 son of Rem J\emsen, the great-gi'andson of Ivem Vanderbeeck Ifemsen, 
 and great-great-grandson of Keiii Jansen \'anderbeeck, who early im- 
 migrated to New Amsterdam from Holland, and here married a 
 daughter of Joris Jansen de Eapalie. 
 
 KEMSEN, HENKY", son of Heui-y Kemsen and Cornelia Dickenson, 
 became his father's partner in the drygoods importing btisiness in New 
 Y'ork City under the firm st^'le of Henry Kemsen iS: Son. This was in 
 171)0. Three years later he was appointed Teller in the United States 
 Bank. In 1709 he became Cashier of the Manhattan Company, the 
 second corporation in New Y'ork City to engage in the banking busi- 
 ness, while from ISOS to 1826 he was President of this institution. He 
 was Secretary to John Jay in 1786, when the latter was Secretary of 
 Ft>reign Affairs under the Congress of the Thirteen Colonies. He was 
 also Private Secretary to Thomas Jefferson when the latter was Sec- 
 retary of State iu the CalHuct of President Joim Adams. He was 
 born in New York City, No\ember 7, 17(>2, and died in February, 1843. 
 He mariied, in 1808, Eliza, daughter of Captain Abraham K. de Peys- 
 ter, and had four sons and five (laughters. 
 
 KEMSEN, CHARLES, is a director of the Third Avenue Railroad 
 Company, of the Forty-second Street. Manhnttanville and St. Nicholas 
 Avenue Railway, of the Dry Dock, East Broadway and Battery Rail- 
 road ( 'ompany, and of the Empire City Traction Company. He was 
 born in New Y'ork City, February 7, 1856, and Avas educated at the 
 University Grammar School in this city, at Princeton College, and 
 at the New York College of Physicians and Surgeons. He is the son 
 of the late William Kemsen and Jane, daughter of John Suydam, and 
 is the grandson of Henry Kemsen and Eliza de Peyster. On the ma- 
 ternal side he descends from Henydr\ck Rycken von Zuutdam, who 
 emigrated from Holland to New Amsterdam in 1663. 
 
 LEWIS. ]\rOR(TAN, third Governor of the State of New Y^ork (see 
 cut. Volume IT., of tliis work, page J30 ), was born in this city in 1754, 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 37 
 
 and (lied April 7, 1SJ:J:. He was graduated from i'rincetun (Jollege, 
 eulisted in the New York Militia, and marched to Boston after the 
 Battle of Lexington. Keturning to ^ew York he raised a regiment. 
 He was present at the surrender of Burgoyne. After the Revolution 
 he practiced la^^■ in Xew York City, becoming one of the leaders of the 
 bar. He marrii'd a sister of Chancellor IJobert il. TJvingston. He 
 was elected to the Assembly, subsequently becoming Judge of the 
 Dutchess County Ccnirt of Common Pleas. In 17!»1 he was appointed 
 Attorney-Ueneral of the i^tate, succeeding Aaron Burr, who had been 
 elected to Congress. In 1801, Lewis was appointed Chief Justice 
 of tlio Xew York Sujircme T'ourl. In 1804 he defeated Aaron Bun- 
 as a candidate for ( iovernor of New York, through tlie fact that Alex- 
 ander Hamilton, of Bnrr's party, exerted his influence against Buit. 
 The foundation of the present common school fnnd was laid during 
 the adnunistration of LeAvis, the Legislature acting on his suggestion 
 that 1,500,000 acres of the public lands be set aside for this purjiose. 
 (iovei-noi- Lewis served as a Bi-iiiadier-(!enera] during the Wai- of 
 1812. 
 
 TOiMPKINS, DANIEL D., fourth Governor of the State of New 
 York (see cut, Yolume II., of this work, page 183), was born in Scars- 
 dale, Westchester County, N. Y"., June 21, 1774. and died at his home 
 on 8taten Island, June 11, 1825. He was graduated fi'om Columbia 
 Cidlege at the head of his class in 1795, studied law with Peter Jay 
 .Munro, and j^racticed in New York City. lie married a daughter of 
 Alderman Minthorne, and became active in politics as a Be]niblican. 
 He was elected to tlie Constitutional Convention of 1801, and subse- 
 quently to the Assembly. In 1804 he was elected to Congress, but 
 did not take his seat, accepting his aiipointmeut as a Justice of the 
 Supreme Court, serving until 1807. In 1800 he declined an appoint- 
 ment as Justice of the United States District Court for New York. 
 In the spring of 1807, when thirty-two years of age, he resigned from 
 the Su])reme Court bench to accept his nomination as Governor of New 
 York, and was elected, defeating Governor ]\Iorgan Lewis. He served 
 in this office, by continuous re-elections, until 1817, Avhen he r(>signed 
 to take the oath of office as Vice-President of the United States. He 
 was re-elected Vice-Pi-esident in 1S21. As Governor he energetically 
 supported President Madison throughout the War of 1812, and during 
 the exciting years ]>receding the war. To prevent the incoi'])oration 
 of the Bank of Nortli America in 1812, lie prorogued the Legislature 
 for the first and only time in the history of the State. This action was 
 not po])ular, and failed to gain the desired end. In 1810, Governor 
 Tom])kins strongly advocated the construction of the Erie Canal. In 
 bis later years he resided on Stateu Island. He was elected to the 
 Constitutional Convention of 1821 from KiclniKind County, and was 
 the President of the Convention. 
 
38 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 CLINTON, J)K WITT, was .Mavui- of the City of New York duiiug 
 the years 1803-7, 180S-10, and lSll-15. while he was Governor of the 
 State of Xew York from 1817 to ISl*:',, and from 182o until his death, 
 FebruaiT 11, 1828. He was born in Little Britain, Orange County, 
 N. Y., March 2, 17G9, the son of General James Clinton, of the Revo- 
 lution, and the nepliew of <ieorge Clinton, the hrst Governor of the 
 State of New York, who held that position durinj;- the years 1777-05, 
 1801-4, and was Vice-President of the United States from 1801 to 
 April 20, 1812, dyin^ in oflice. De Witt Clinton was craduated from 
 Columbia College at the head of his class in 1780, and served as Secre- 
 tary to Governor George Clinton from 1789 to 1795. He was elected 
 to the Assembly from the City of New York in 1797, and the following 
 year was elected to the Senate. In 1801 he was made a member of 
 the Council of Appointment. As State Senator he advocated a con- 
 stitutional amendment providing for the election of President and 
 ^'ice-President of the United States by dividing each State into dis- 
 tricts, in each of which one Presidential Elector should be designated 
 by po])ular vote. lie was elected to the United States Senate from 
 New York, February 4, 1 802, but resigned at the end of two years to 
 become Mayor of New York City. He was State Senator between 
 1805 and 1812. while in 1810 he became a member of the commission 
 whicli recommended the construction of a State canal connecting the 
 Hudson River with the Great Lakes. In 1812 he received eighty-nine 
 electoi"al votes as candidate for the Presidency of the United States 
 against James Madison. In 1816 he organized a great mass meeting 
 in New York City, Avhich petitioned the Legislature in favor of the 
 
 Ei"ie Canal. The Legislature author- 
 ized the project, and appointed Clinton 
 one of five Commissioners to cari-'y out 
 the enterprise. He was Governor dur- 
 ing most of the i^eriod of construction, 
 as he was when the canal was com- 
 l)leted. His contiilintion, in this way, 
 to the commercial supremacy of New 
 "N'ork City can scarcely be overestimated. 
 De Witt Clinton was the third son by 
 his fatliei-"s first wife, Mary De Witt. 
 His grandfather, Charles (Tinton, immi- 
 grated to America from Ireland, and 
 was in ttiru the great-grandson of Henry 
 Clinton, second Earl of Lincoln, and 
 also descended from the Kennedys, 
 Earls of Cassilis. Admiral George Clin- 
 ton, Colonial Governor of New York 
 from 174.'i to 1753, and Sir Henry Clinton, British General during 
 the Revohition, Mere of the same familv. 
 
 ^\ 
 
 DE WITT CLINTON. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 39 
 
 CLINTON, CHAKLES WILLLUI, one of tlu- prominent architects 
 of New York ritv, has served seven years as Vice-Presiihmt of the 
 New York Chapter of the American Institnte of Architects, and has 
 given to the city a number of its most notable buildinsis, of which 
 the Seventh Re.ijiment Armory and the Mutual Life Insni'ance Build- 
 ing- are examples. He is a director of the Clinton Apartment Company, 
 a member of the Chamber of Commerce, the Architectural League, 
 and the Municipal Art Society, and likewise a member of the Tuxedo 
 and New York Yacht clubs, and the Centni-y Association, lie was 
 born and educated in this city, studying architecture under the late 
 Richard I'njohn. He was long a member of the Seventh Regiment, 
 and during the Civil War three times volunteered when it was called 
 into active service. He is the son of the late Dr. Alexander Clinton 
 and Adeline Arden, daughter of Alexander James Hamilton, a Brit- 
 ish officer, (xoveruor De Witt Clinton was his grand-uncle. His great- 
 grandfather was General James Clinton of the Revolution, elder broth- 
 er of Governor George Clinton, while the first ancestor in this country, 
 Charles Clinton, was a descendant of Henry, second Earl of Lincoln. 
 
 RHINELANDER, PIIILII' JACOB, founder of the New York fam- 
 ily of this name, was of Hugueiujt descent, but was lioru near Ober- 
 wesel, on the Rhine, over which district France then exercised sover- 
 eignty. Two of his descendants, Thomas Jackson Oakley Rhineland- 
 er and Philip Rhinelander, the sons of William Rhiuelander, of this 
 city, have in recent years purchased for an European counti"y-seat the 
 ancient Schonberg Castle at Olierwesel, overlooking the home and 
 lands of their ancestors. Emigrating to New York in 1GS6, Philip 
 Jacob Rhinelander settled at New Rochelle, Westchester County, 
 w here he acquired considerable property. He died in 1737. 
 
 RHINELANDER, WILLIAIM, one of the three sons of Philip 
 Jacob Rhinelander, of New Rochelle, established himself as a mer- 
 chant in New York City, and is the ancestor of the members of the 
 family who have been prominent. He was born in New Rochelle 
 in 1718 and died in this city in 1777, being buried in Trinity church- 
 yard. His residence on Spruce Street was upon land which is still 
 owned by the family. He was an importer of crockei^ at Burling Slip, 
 and established the precedent of investing his estate in city realty. 
 He married ^Ligdalen. daughter of Ste])hen Renaud, of New Rochelle. 
 
 RHINELANDER. WILLIAM, son of the merchant of the same 
 name, and grandson of the original Phili]) Jacob Rhinelander, was 
 born in this city in 17r):> and died in 1S2."). He was his father's partner 
 and successor in the iuiiiorting business, and continued his policy of 
 investing in city realty. In 1790 he purchased the Cuyler sugar 
 house in this city, wliich was sold under forfeiture, having been used 
 as a British prison during the Revolution, and added greatly to the 
 
40 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 family fortuiips as a su^ar refluer. lie married in 1785 Mary, daugli- 
 ter of Cliristopber Robert and ilary Dyer, sister of Colonel Robert, 
 a Continental officer in the Revolntion, and great-granddaiijihter of 
 Daniel Robert and Susanue dn Galilean, Huguenots who emigrated 
 to America in IGSG. They had two daughters — Mrs. Horatio (iates 
 Stevens and Mrs. Robert J. Renwick — and tive sons: Philip Rhine- 
 lander, who married ^lary Colden Hoffman, and had issue; William 
 Christopher Rhinelander, father of the present William Rliinelauder, 
 and grandfather of T. J. O. and Philip Rhinelander; John Robert 
 Rhinelander, who married but left no issue; Frederick William 
 Rhinelander, whose son and grandson of the same name are well- 
 known New Yorkers, and Bernard Rhinelander, wlio married Nancy 
 Post. 
 
 RHINELANDER, WILLIAAl CHRISJTc >P1IER, second son of 
 William Rhinelander and Mary Robert, was born in this city in 1790 
 and died in 1878. The large estate, which he inherited, was greatly 
 increased by his skillful management and wisdom iu making invest- 
 ments, the family policy of holding and imiuoving city real estate 
 being closely adhered to. Du.ring the War of 1812 he was Quarter- 
 master in Colonel t^te^ens's regiment, and rose to the rank of Lieuten- 
 ant. He married in 1810 Mary, daughter of John Rogers and Mary 
 Pixton, and granddaughter of John Rogers and his wife, Mary Dav- 
 enport, niece of Benjamin Franklin. Their only son is the present 
 William Rhinelander. Of the three daughters, Julia and Serena have 
 never married. The eldest child, JMary Rogers, became the second 
 wife of the late Lispenard Stewart, and was the mother of the present 
 William Rhinelander Stewart and Lispenard Stewart. 
 
 RHINELANDER, FREDERICK WILLIAM, Avas the fourth son of 
 William Rhinelander and Mary Roberts. He was born in 1790 and 
 died in 1830, at the early age of forty. He married Mary Lucy Ann, 
 daughter of General Ebenezer Stevens, a distinguished officer of the 
 Revolution and the War of 1812, and a successful New York mer- 
 chant, and had three daughters and a son, the pi'esent Frederick Will- 
 iam Rhinelander. Sr. The daughtt-rs became Mrs. George F. Jones, 
 Mrs. Thomas H. Newbold, and ]\Irs. ^\'illiam Edgar. 
 
 RHINELANDEi;, ^^•1LL1AM, only son of the late ^^■illiam Chris- 
 topher Rhinelander and Mary Rogers, is the present head of this well- 
 known family. He was boi-n in tliis city, September 19. 1S2.~». atteTided 
 private schools and was graduated from the Columbia College Gram- 
 mar School. He was long associated with his father in the manage- 
 ment of the large vested interests of the family, and, since his father's 
 death in 1878, has also been trustee of his estate. He married in 
 1853 Matilda Cruger, daughter of Chief Justice Thomas Jackson Oak- 
 lev and Matilda Cruger, and has two sons, Thomas Jackson Oaklev 
 
ENXYCLOPFDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 41 
 
 and Philip IJliiuelander. Judge Oaldey, Mrs. Rhinelander's father, 
 was graduated from Yale, and, in addition to holding the Chief Jus- 
 ticeship of the 8ui)erior Court of this oitv from 1850 until his death 
 in 1858, had been a Jlember of Congress in 1814 and 1815, and again 
 in 1828 and 1829; was elected Attorney-General of this State in 1819, 
 and had refused solicitation to become a candidate for the Presidency 
 of the United States. His wife w^as the daughter of Henry Cruger, 
 who was born in this city and died here, but being for some years a 
 resident of Bristol, England, was ilayor of that city, served two terms 
 in the Bntish Parliament as the colleague of Edmund Burke, and in 
 that body opposed the taxation of the American Colonies. Upon his 
 return he became State Senator from this city. He was the grandson 
 of John Cruger, notable merchant and Mayor of this city, whose wife 
 was Maria, daughter of Major Hendrick ("nyler, of Albany. 
 
 RHINELANDEl^, T. J. OAKLEY, was bred to the law. but has 
 long confined himself to the care of the immense real estate interests 
 of the Rhinelander estate. Born in this city in May, 1858, he was 
 graduated from the Columbia (/(dlcgc Academic Department in 1880, 
 and subsequently from the Ci)lumbia College Law School. He is a 
 member of the Union, Metropolitan, and Country Clubs, and the Co- 
 lumbia College Alumni Association. He is, or has been, President of 
 the Delta Phi Club, A'ice-President of the Seventh Regiment ^'eterau 
 League, a Covei-nor of the Seventh Regiment Club, a De])uty Gover- 
 nor of the Society of Colonial Wars, and is a member of the Seventh 
 Regiment, the Society of Sons of the Hevolution, and the St. Nicholas 
 Society. He is the sou of William Rliinelander, grandson of the late 
 William C. Rhinelander, and lineally descended from Philip Jacob 
 Rhinelander, the founder of the family in this country. Through bis 
 mother, [Matilda Caroline Oakley, he is the grandson of tlie late Judge 
 Oakley and great-grandson of Jesse Oakley, the Uevolulionary pa- 
 triot, who raised and equipped his own company. He is also a lineal 
 descendant of Mayor John Cruger. 17.'>9-44. and Major ITendrik Cuy- 
 ler, of Albany, a soldier in the I'^rench and Indian wars. 
 
 RHINELANDER, FREDERICK WILLIA:\L has for many years 
 been Yice-President of the Metropolitan Museum of Art. He is the 
 only son of the late Frederick AX'illiam Rhinelander of this city, and 
 has been occupied with the care of the estate inherited from his father 
 and with various liusiness enterprises. lie is a member of the Knick- 
 erbocker, City, [Mendelssohn Glee and Southside Sportsmen's clubs, 
 the Downtown Association and the Columbia Alumni Association. 
 He was born in this city in 1828, and in 1847 was graduated from 
 Columbia College. He married in 1851 Frances D., daughter of Rev. 
 Thomas H. Skinner. Of their eight children, five were daughters, 
 three of them being Mrs. ^N'illiam C. Rives, [Mrs. Le Roy King, and the 
 
42 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 wife of Ilev. Lewis ('aiiiei-dii, while two, Frances L. and Alice K. 
 Rbinelander, never married. 
 
 Fredericlv William Iiliinelander, Jr., tlie eldest of tlie three sons, 
 was gradnated from IJarvard in 1SS2, and has since been associated 
 with his fatlier in the care of the large real estate interests of the 
 family. He is also Vice-President of the West Point Foundry Com- 
 pany, and is a member of the Knickerbocker, City, University, Har- 
 vard, and Sonthside Sportsmen's clubs, and the Downtown Asso- 
 ciation. 
 
 Thomas Newbold Iiliinelander, the second son, was graduated from 
 Harvard in 1887, from the Columbia College Law School, and is en- 
 gaged in the practice of law in this city. He is a member of the Knick- 
 erbocker, University, and Southside Sportsmen's clubs, the Down- 
 town Association, the City Bar Association, and the Columbia Alumni 
 Association. 
 
 Philip M. Uhinclauder, the third son, was graduated from Harvard 
 in 1891. 
 
 DE PEYSTER, FlfEDEKlC JAjMES, is in the line of primogeniture 
 of his famous family. He was born in this city, February 5, 1859, was 
 graduated from the College of the City of New York in 1860, and from 
 Columbia College Law School in 18G2. During the few years in which 
 he practiced he did some good work at the bar, successfully arguing 
 cases in the Court of Appeals. He has since been prominently con- 
 nected with social organizations and benevolent institutions. He 
 is President of the Holland Society, President of the St. Nicholas 
 Society, President of the Orpheus Society, President of the New York 
 Dispensary, Chairman of the New York Society Library, a governor 
 of the Society of Colonial ^^'ars, and a member of the City, University, 
 
 St. Nicholas, Century, and New York Yacht clubs. 
 
 He is a trustee of the Home for Incurables, of the 
 
 
 (jflt'i ! (xood Samai-itnn Dispensary, of the Institution of the 
 ''■■ Deaf and Dumb, and of the American School of 
 
 Classical Studies in Athens. He was President of 
 the Associate Alumni of the College of the City of 
 New York from 1S82 to 1881; in'^ 1887, 1888, and 
 1889 was President of the St. Nicholas Club, and 
 was President of the American Arcluvolonical So- 
 
 DE PEYSTER ARMS. '^ 
 
 ciety from its organization to 1889. He is a graceful 
 speaker, and holds the degrees of X.M. and LL.D. He married, in 
 1871, Augusta McEvers, daughter of William H. Morris, grandniece 
 of Gouverneur Morris; great-granddaughter of Lewis Morris, signer 
 of the Declaration of Independence, and his wife, Mary, daughter of 
 Jacob Walton and Maria Reekman, and also great-granddaughter 
 of Augustus Van Cortlandt and Helen Barclay. They have three 
 daughters and a son — Frederic Ashton de Peyster. J\lr. de Peyster 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 43 
 
 is liiiu.self (seventh iu dese-eut from Johannes de Pej-ster, eminent 
 merchant of New Amsterdam, of gentle blood, who was Scliepen, 
 Alderman, and Burgomaster, and refused the appointment as lirst 
 Mayor under the English; is sixth from Johannes's still more eminent 
 son. Colonel Abraham de Teyster, commander of the city troops, 
 wealthy merchant, Councilor, Alderman, Judge of the Supreme Court, 
 Chief Justice, Mayor of New York for three terms, Acting Governor 
 and Treasurer of Xew York and Xew Jersey; is fifth from Abraham 
 de Peyster, who, for more than forty-five years, was Provincial Treas- 
 urer, and married Margaret, daughter of Jacobus Yau Cortlandt 
 and Eve Philipse; is fourth from James de Peyster and Sarah, daugh- 
 ter of Joseph lieade, King's Councilor; is the grandson of Frederic 
 de Peyster and Helen, daughter of General Samuel Hake, and is the 
 son of the late Captain James Ferguson de Peyster, U.S.A., a member 
 of the Board of Education of this city, and a trustee of the College 
 of the Citv of New York, and his wife, Frances Goodhue Ashton. 
 
 BAYARD, NICHOLAS, was one of tliree brothers (the others 
 being Peter and Balthazar i , relatives of Governor Petrus Stuyvesaut, 
 who, with their widowed mother, accompanied the Dutch Governor 
 to Xew Amsterdam in 1647. Their mother was the sister of Stuy- 
 vesaut, while Stuyvesant's Avife was the sister of their father, Samuel 
 Bayard, a wealthy Amsterdam merchant of French Huguenot de- 
 scent. Nicholas, wlio achieved the greatest distinction of any mem- 
 ber of the family during the colonial period, was born in Alpheu, 
 Holland, about 1644, and died in New York City in 1707. He was 
 .Mayor of New York in 1685, and held many important positions. In 
 1664 he was appointed Clerk to the Common 
 Council, subsequently became Stuyvesant's pri- 
 vate secretai-y, and was also made Sun'eyor of 
 the Province. When the Dutch reconquered 
 New York, in 1672, he was made Secretaiw of 
 the Colony. He was a member of Governor 
 Dongan's Council, and is said to have drafted 
 the Dongan Charter, granted the year that he 
 was ]\Iayor. As Councilor, he was a member of 
 Dongan's Court of Exchequer, constituted in 
 December, 1685. He served frequently as Al- 
 derman, and was Colonel, commanding the Ne\\- 
 
 York :\Iilitia. He was a member of the Council of Lieutenant-Gov- 
 ernor Nicholson, in 1688-89, when James II. fled from England, and 
 William of Orange became King. The permanency of William's suc- 
 cess was yet in doubt when the Leisler ti-ouble occurred, for news 
 traveled slowly in that day, although at Boston Governor Andros 
 had been precipitately deposed. Botli he and Nicholson had their 
 commissions from James. The captains of the militia companies 
 
 I!AY.\RI> ARMS. 
 
44 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 favored William, and when a, (jiiestiou of authority was raised, on 
 June 3, 16S9, tliey signed an agreement to hold the fort for "NYilliam, 
 refusing to recognize the authority of the Lietttenant-Governor and 
 his Council, who represented James. Three days later, June 6, news 
 arrived from Boston that William was King. Nicholson and his 
 councilors, Bayard, Philipse, and Xnn Cortlandt, sought recognition 
 as the government as now acting for William. This was refused; 
 the popular party did not trtist them. The captains recommended 
 the election of a Committee of Safety to maintain law and order until 
 iustrtictions could come from William. This was on June 10. The 
 election was held June 26, the government of the Province thus pass- 
 ing into the hands of tAvelve delegates elected from the cotinties of 
 New York, Kings, Queens, Westchester, and Orange, Albany and 
 Ulster counties not participating. This Committee appointed Jacob 
 Leisler, the senior captain, militaiw commander of the Province, sub- 
 seqtiently constittiting him Lietitenant-Governor. Bayard violently 
 opposed this government, and for a year was lodged in Jail. This 
 form of government continued until the arrival of Governor Blotigh- 
 ter. March 19, 1601. Unfortunately, however, Lietitenant-Governor 
 Ingoldsby, separated from i^loughterin a storm, arrived at New York 
 nearly three months before him, in Jantiary, 1691. Incited by Bay- 
 ard's party he instantly demanded the surrender of the fort, which 
 Leisler declined, tinless he should show credentials. He neither had 
 any, or any instructions from the King respecting the <lc facto gov- 
 ernment at New Y'ork. I?^ince he cottld not establish his right to 
 receive the government, Leisler awaited the arrival of Bloughter. 
 The latter, when he assumed control, was induced to arrest Leisler 
 and his Council for treason in resisting Ingoldsby. They were inde- 
 cently tried b^- tlieir enemies on these trumped-up charges, and con- 
 dcniucd to death, wliile two. Leisler and his son-in-law, Jacob Mil- 
 borne, were executed. The Earl of Bell- 
 ^-O y^j _/> /S cuO oHHint, New Y'ork's best Colonial Gover- 
 (^^^^^^'^'^ T'^ nor, subsequently declared ''that the 
 
 execution of these men was as violent, 
 cruel, and arbitrary a proceeding as ever was done upon the lives of 
 men in any age under an English government." He si;)oke of " Nic- 
 olls. Bayard, Brooks, and the rest of the bloodhounds,'' and of *■ Bay- 
 ard, Nicolls, and the rest of the murderers of these men." Leisler 
 was vindicated by a Parliamentary investigation. Bayard was a man 
 much like Aaron Burr, — intellectually brilliant, a born politician, but 
 a narrow-minded aristocrat, who had little conscience, and was im- 
 perious, cruel, and utterly unscrupulous. And his later life, like that 
 of Burr, was under a cloud. He was implicated in the piracy and 
 smuggling which went on under Governor Fletcher, and went to Eng- 
 land to protect himself in tliis matter and plot against Bellomont. 
 In 1702 he was convicted of high treason in a trial under Chief Justice 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 45 
 
 Atwood, bis offense consisting of intiammatoi-y language in one of his 
 jtoliTieal panijdilcts. His conviction was only possible because he 
 had himself procured the law defining his crime at the time of the 
 Leisler trouble. Having wrung a confession from him, however, his 
 ])ersecutors pardoned him. and tluis he escaped the liumiliating retri- 
 bution of having his neck cauglit in a noose, contrived by his own 
 craft. His wife, Judith \'erlet, whom he married in 1666, had been 
 condemned as a witch at Hartford. (_'onn.. in 1662. 
 
 BAYAKD, WILLIAM, was one of the eminent and wealthy mer- 
 ciiants of New York City prior to the Revolution. He was born in 
 Xew York, June 1, 1729, and died in Southampton, England, in ISOl. 
 He was a member of the Provincial Legislature, and in 1771 a member 
 of its Committee of Correspondence, in which capacity lie visited 
 Massachusetts, influencing the Legislature of tliat colony to address 
 a protest to the British Government against unjust taxation, similar 
 to the one adopted by the New York Legislature. He was also a 
 member of the first Continental Congress — the " Stamp Act Con- 
 gress." He was a prominent member of the Committee of Fifty-one 
 of 1771, and joined the Sons of Liber-ty. Nevertheless, when war 
 seemed inevitable, he grew very cautious, be- 
 came intimate with General Gage, and jjlayed 
 a double i^art as long as possible. He was 
 doubtless influenced by the fact that a son 
 and a son-in-hiw were in the British Army, 
 
 while another son was in the service of the East India Compan3\ 
 Two of his sons, Lieutenant-Colonel John Bayard and Major Samuel 
 Vetch Bayard, were British officers during the Kevolution. At the 
 close of that war Bayard was himself attainted, his large estates, in 
 New York City and on the present site of Hoboken, N. J., being con- 
 fiscated. One of his four sons, William Bayard, established himself 
 in business in New York after the Revolution, and was for many 
 years at the head of the notable mercantile Arm of Bayard, Leroy & 
 kcEvers. 
 
 :\IINTURN, ROBERT ROWNE, was an equal partner with the 
 late Henry Grinnell and Moses Hicks Grinnell in the notable ship- 
 ping firm of Grinnell, Minturn & Company, of New York, and became 
 known for his liberal charities. He was one of the founders of St. 
 Luke's Hospital and its first President, was one of the founders and 
 Treasurer of the New York Association for Improving the Condition 
 of the Poor, and was one of the founders and Vice-President of the 
 Hospital for the Relief of the Ruptured and Crippled. He was active 
 in securing Central Park — a movement which his wife originated. 
 He was one of the foremost supporters of the Government during 
 the Civil War and was the first President of the Union League Club. 
 
46 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 He was oue of the iu(.oi-[K)iiit()is of the Natioual Bauk of Commerce, 
 as lie was also of the EmiyTaut ludiistiial Sa^iniiS Bank. He married 
 a daujj;hter of Jiid.ne John Lansing- Wench^ll, of Albany. His eldest 
 son, Eobert Bowne Miuturn, Jr., died in 188'). The present Robert 
 Shaw Mintnrn is the eldest son of the latter. Robert Bowne Mintnru, 
 Sr., had been the partner of a well-known ]S'ew York merchant, Pre- 
 served Fish, prior to the formation in 1829 of the firm of Griunell, 
 Minturn & Company. He was the son of William Mintnrn, Jr., and a 
 danghter of Robert Bowne, a leading merchant of this city, and was 
 a grandson of William Mintnru and Penelope Greene, cousin of Gen- 
 eral Nathaniel Greene, of the Revolution. His father was a promi- 
 nent shipowner of New York, while iiis grandfather was a shipping 
 merchant first in Newport, R. I., and subsequently in New York. 
 
 ALEXANDER, JA.AIES, heir to the Earldom of Stirling, Avas born 
 in Scotland about 1<>9(). He was an officer of engineers in the Stuart 
 cause, and in 181(! was obliged to fiy to America. He became official 
 recorder of Perth Amboy, N. J., in 1718, being subse(]uent]y ap- 
 pointed Sui-veyor-C^eneral of New York and New Jersey. He stutlied 
 law and became a leader of the bar of New York City, and at the 
 
 same time a leader of the Whig 
 faction in the colony. He and 
 (^"hief Justice Morris were two of 
 the principal contributors to. 
 Peter Zenger's Xcir York Wccl-lii 
 ■hixnidl, which advocated Demo- 
 ciafic principles. He was one of 
 the counsel for Zeuger in tlie fa- 
 mous trial in wliicli the (|uestioii 
 of the liberty of tlie press was 
 at issue, and, for venturing lo 
 maintain that the court before 
 which Zeuger was hauled wns 
 not projjcrly constituted, he was 
 disbarred, together with his as- 
 sociate, William Smitli, Sr. I'n- 
 der another administration, two 
 years later, they were reinstated. 
 Alexander served several terms 
 in the Colonial Legislature; was 
 Attorney-General liom 181il to 1823; was a member of (iovernor 
 Burnet's Council, and was also Secretain' of the Province of New 
 York. He was an able mathematician, a corres]t()ndeut of Halley, 
 the astronomer. He was one of the founders of the American I'lii- 
 losophical Society, Benjamin Franklin being another. He married 
 Mrs. Samu(d Provoost, of New Y(n'k Citv, and had a sou, Major- 
 
 .I.\MK.S .VLK.X.AXDEK. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 47 
 
 General ^^"illi;lIll Alexauder, Lunl Stirling-. He died iu New York, 
 April 2, ITuG. 
 
 ALEXANDER, WILLIAM, titular Earl of Stirliii<;, and Major- 
 General in tlic patriot ariiiv duriii;H' the Kevohitiou (for portrait, xee 
 ^'oluiuc II., of this work, ])aiie 'J7|, was born in New York Citv in 
 1726, and died in Albany. Januaiy 15, 1783. He eng-aged in the pro- 
 visidii business in New Y'ork for a time, snbse(|uentl_v beconiinji' Aid- 
 de-Canip to Governor Shirley. His claim to the Earldom of Stirling- 
 he prosecuted before the House of Lords with- 
 out avail in 17."')7. He returned to New York, 
 
 in 17iil mari'ving a daughter of Philip Livings- /^ ^^ ^^£-^a,^^S^C^ 
 ton. He became Surveyor-General, as his 
 father had been bef(ire him, and was a member of the Governor's 
 Gouncil. He joined the I\ev(/lutionary Army, in October, 1775, being 
 commissioned Colonel of an East New Jersey battalion. In March, 
 177<i, Congress made him a Bi'igadier-Genei-al, in recognition of his 
 capture of a British transport. His command was nearly extermi- 
 nated, and he himself captured, in the Battle of Long Island, General 
 Putnam having ordered him to attack a superior force. Having 
 been exchanged, in Febiuary, 1777, he was made a Major-General, 
 and, in the latter part of this year, w;is, for a time, in command at 
 New' Y'ork. He captured a Hessian i-egiment at Trenton. He was 
 defeated at Metuchin, Imving disobeyed Wash- 
 -, ington's (U'der to retreat before the enemy. He 
 vo distinguished himself at Prandywine, German- 
 town, and .Monmouth, while, in 1779, he sur- 
 prised a British force at I'aulus's Hook, being 
 then in command of New Jersey. He commanded at Albany in 17S1. 
 He was one of the founders of King's College ( luiw ( "olumbia Univer- 
 sity ), and was its first Governor. He was also oik^ of the founders of 
 the New Y'ork Society Library. He published " Tlie Conduct of Ma- 
 jor-General Shirley, Briefiy Stated," and "An Account of the Comet 
 of June and July, 1770." 
 
 KING, RUFl'S (see steel engTaving, Volume II.. of tliis work, 
 facing page 368), was a resident of New Y'oi'k City from 1788 until 
 his death in 1827. In 178!» he was chosen, with General Schuyler, 
 in the first election of United States Senators in this State. From 
 1796 to 1803 he was United States Minister to England. He was 
 again elected to the United States Senate from New Y'ork in 1813, 
 while in 181!) he was re-elected. Appointed Minister to England 
 once more in 1825, at the end of two years of service sickness coni- 
 ])elled him to resign, while his death occurred soon after his return to 
 New Y'ork. He had become prominent in public life in ^lassacbu- 
 setts prior to his residence in this city. He was born in Scarborough, 
 
48 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Me., in 1755, his father, Kichard King, being a merchant. In 1777 
 he was graduated from Harvard, and in 177S was Aid-de-camp to 
 General Glover, and participated in a military expedition to Rhode 
 Island. He was a delegate from Massachusetts to Congress fror^. 
 1784 to 17S(!, and in this body proposed the immediate prohibition 
 of slavery in the Northwest Territory. (Subsequently, as Senator 
 from New York, he vigorously o[»posed the ^lissouri Compromise. 
 He married in 178G Mary, daughter of John Alsop, one of the most 
 eminent New York mercliants of tliat day (for portrait of Mrs. Eufus 
 King, see Volume II., page 112 I, and had three sous, all of whom 
 became prominent — John Alsop King, who was elected Governor of 
 this State in 1857; Charles King, President of Columbia College for 
 many years, and James Gore King, a notable banker of this city. 
 
 KING, JOHN ALBOr, Governor of the State of New Y'ork, was 
 one of the sons of the famous Kufus King. He was born in New Y'ork 
 City, January :!. 1788, and was educated in the public schools of New 
 York and of Harrow, England. He studied law and was admitted 
 to the bar. During the \\ar of 1812 lie was Lieutenant in a cavalry 
 company. Afterward he engaged in farming on his father's estate 
 at Jamaica, L. I. In 1819 he was elected to the Assembly, re- 
 signing to become Secretary of the Legation at Ivondon wlien his fa- 
 ther was appointed United States ^Minister to England. In 1838 he 
 was again elected to the .Vssembly, while in ISlil he was elected to 
 Congress as a ^Vlng from a Long Island district. He opposed the 
 passage of llic fugitive slave law and advocated the admission of 
 California as a free State. As a leader of the ^Vhig■ forces, he presided 
 over tlie Whig Convention at Syracuse, N. Y'., in 1855, from which 
 event dates the origin of the Republican party. He attended the 
 National Republican Conxcntion in 1850. and favored tlie nomination 
 of I'lMMiunit for tlie Presidency. The sanu' year he became the Repub- 
 lican <an(li(lale for Governor of the State of New York and was 
 el('(i<'(l. ruder his administratinu tlie Erie Canal was enlarged, and 
 the public school system improved. At the end of his term he retired 
 to private life, his death occurring July 7, 18(!7. He A\as one of the 
 fduii'lers of the T'm'ou Club in is;!7, and was its second President. 
 
 KING, CHARLES, one of the sous of Eufus King, was born in New 
 York City, March 10, 1789, and died in Frascati. Italy, in October, 
 18(17. He was educated at Harrow, England, and Paris, subsequently 
 engaging in business in New York. He was elected to the New Y^'ork 
 Legislature in 181.S, while he served as a volunteer dui'ing the year 
 following. His firm having failed, lie became jiartner in the publi- 
 cation of the New Y'ork Ainvricaii. while he edited this journal from 
 1827 to 1815. Between the latter date and 1849 he was editor of 
 the Courier and Inquirer, while from 1849 to 1803 he was President of 
 C/olumbia College. 
 
 I 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 49 
 
 KING, JAMES GORE, third son of the (•(dcbratcd Knfus Kino-, was 
 euf;aiie(l in mercantile business at Uverpnol, Eni;land, from ISIS to 
 1824, after Avliidi lie letiirned to New York Gitv and beoaiue a lueiu- 
 jer of the ])roinineiit bankiuti' firm of Prime, Ward & Kinj^-. He 
 was elected to Coni^ress in 1S1!», and snbseqnently was I'l-esident of 
 the New York Clianiber of ( 'oninierce. The resumption of specie 
 payments in this country after the panic of IS.'JT was broufiht about 
 by liis success in visit imj, London and inducinii' the P.ank of Entiland 
 to advance sr),()(IO,(l()0 in j;old to his tirm. lie was prominently con- 
 nected with many financial corporations and public institutions. 
 He was the first President of the Erie Railroad. He was a member 
 of the first Board of Trustees of the Astor Library. Long a member 
 of the Board of Education of this city, he was one of three who 
 constituted its special committee whose efforts led to the establish- 
 ment in ISiiJ of the Free Academy, now tli(» Gollege of the City of 
 New York. He was born in this city in IT'.tl, was educated in Europe, 
 and died in 1853. He married in 1813 Sarah iJoocrs, daughter of 
 Archibald Gracie. The present Edward Kiny is their sou. 
 
 KING, EDWARD, for many years engaged in banking in this city, 
 and at one time President of the New York Stock Exchange, in 1873 
 acce]>ted the presidency of the Union Trust Company, at a time when 
 its alTaii-s required skillful nianageinent, and iiaving made it one 
 of the soundest financial institutions in the city still continues as 
 its executive head, lie is a member of the Board of Trustees and is 
 Treasurer of the New \'ork Library, Astor-Lenox-Tilden foundations, 
 is a governor of the New York IFospital, is President of the St. Nicho 
 las Society, and was formerly President of the Harvard Club. He 
 is a trustee of the ilanhattan Savings Institution and the Northern 
 Asstirance C()m]»any of London, and a director of the Citizens" Insur- 
 ance Coni])auy. He is a member of the University, Century, Riding, 
 Harvard, and University Glee clubs. He mai'ried, first, Isabella Ram- 
 sey Cochrane, niece of Dean Ramsey, of Edinburgh; and. second, 
 Elizabeth Fisher, of Philadelphia. He is the son of the late James 
 Gore King, eminent banker of this city, and grandson of Rufus King, 
 of New York, the illustrious statesman. He was born in 1833 at his 
 father's country-seat, Highwood, Weehawken, N. J., and was gradu- 
 ated from Harvard College. 
 
 PIERREPONT, EDWARDS, having graduated with honors from 
 Yale College in 1837, and studied in the New Haven Law School, 
 practiced law in the State of Ohio from 1810 to ISKi, in ]iartnersidp 
 with Hon. Phineas Bacon \Yilcox. He then rc^noved to New York 
 City, where he Avon recognition as an able lawyer. In 1857 he was 
 elected a Judge of the Superior Court to succeed the late Chief Jus- 
 

 50 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 tice Oaklej, but in 18G0 resigued to i-esuuie practice. A Democrat 
 prior to tlie Civil ^Var, lie addressed the meeting- of loyal Democrats 
 at Union Square, April 20, 1801, convened to express sympathy with 
 the policy of I'resident Lincoln, while soon after he co-operated with 
 other prominent citizens in organizing the Union Defense Committee 
 of New York City. With ^^'illiam M. Evai-fs and Thurlow Weed he 
 
 acted as a Committee to convey the message of 
 
 '\-. ^h \^ tl^ - / fidelity of New York City to Lincoln. He and 
 Tf p'')^.-.^; I General Dix were in 1862 appointed a Com- 
 mission to trj' prisoners confined in the prisons 
 and forts of the United States on charges of 
 treason. Tlirough his effective organization of 
 the loyal Democrats in 1801 he materially aided 
 in the re-election of President Lincoln. He 
 piERREPoxT ARMS. ^^'^^'^ *^^'^ ^^ the Committee of citizens of New 
 York who attended the funeral of the assassi- 
 nated President. In 1867 he took charge of the prosecution of John H. 
 Hurratt for the murder of Lincoln. He was a member of the New York 
 Constitutional Convention of 1867, and served on its Judiciary Com- 
 mittee. He was an active supporter of the Presidential candidacies of 
 Ceiieral Grant from the platform in 1868 and 1872. He was appointed 
 United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York, but 
 in 1870 resigned. In the latter year he was active in the prosecution 
 of tlie Tweed ring. In April, 1875, he entered the Cabinet of Presi- 
 dent Grant as Attorney-General of the United States. In 1873 he 
 had declined an appointment as United States Minister to Russia, but 
 in INIay, 1876, he resigned from Grant's Cabinet to become Envoy 
 Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the Court of St. James. 
 \\Uh diplomatic skill he restored official relations between the two 
 countries, when differences on the (juestion of the extradition of crim- 
 inals had led to their suspension, while he negotiated the Trademark 
 Treaty with the Earl of Derby. Iveturning, in 1878, he resumed the 
 practice of law in New York, and was counsel in many important 
 cases, some of them being suits prosecuted by the United States Gov- 
 ernment. In 1871 he became a director and Treasurer of the Texas 
 and Pacific Kailroad. He was one of the founders of the Manhattan 
 Club, and one of its Governors until his resignation on account of its 
 attitude during the Civil War. He then became a member of the 
 LTnion Club. He received the degree of Doctor of Laws from Yale, 
 and that of Doctor of Common Law from Oxford University, Eng- 
 land. He was born in North Haven, Conn., November 4, 1813, and 
 died in New York City, March 2, 1892. He married, in 1846, Mar- 
 gai'eKa, daugliter of the late Samuel Augustus Willoughby, of Brook- 
 lyn, and liad a son, Edward, who pre-deceased his fatlier, leaving no 
 issue, and a daughter, Margaretta, the wife of Leonard Forbes Beck- 
 witli. The son of Giles Pierrepont and Eunice, daughter of Jonathan 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 51 
 
 Munson, Judge Pierrepont descended from Hon. John PieiTepont, 
 who settled in Koxbury, Mass., in 1G50. Tlie latter was a descendant 
 of Sir George Holme Pierrepont, of a notable family of Nottingham, 
 England, the elder line being Dukes of Kingston. 
 
 BEEKMAX, WILHELMUS, founder of one of the old Xew 
 faniilies, came to New Amsterdam in 1647. in the same shii 
 Governor Stuyvesant, and died in this city in 1707. 
 He was the son of Hendrik Beeknian, r>ecretary 
 under the States-General of Holland, and grand- 
 son of Gerardus Beekman, of Cologne. Bcekman 
 acquired lands in New Amsterdam, and filled sev- 
 eral minor offices. From 18.58 to 18(>2 lie was Vice- 
 Director for the West India Comjiany on tlie South 
 I\is-er — the Delaware. Snbsei|nenlly he was Chit^f 
 Judge at Esopus, now Kingston. IJerurning to 
 New York City, lie served for some time as Alder- ~' 
 
 man. He married Cathei-ina De Boog, and had 
 several sons who became localh' prominent, one of ihem bciiu 
 ing Governor of Ne^v York. 
 
 BEEK:\IAX, GEBABDUS, son ot Willichnus Beekman and Catli- 
 ei-ina De Boog, was born in New AmsterdaTu, studied medicine, and 
 settled at Flatbush, Kings County. Here he became a deacon. Colonel 
 
 of the ililitia, and Justice of tlie 
 Peace. He was one of Leisler's sup- 
 porters, to whom lie administered 
 the oath of oftice, afterward sitting 
 in his Council. He was one of those 
 tried and condemned to death, two of 
 which, Leisler and Milborne, were 
 actually e.\ecu1e(l. ()ffei-ed his lib- 
 erty if he would apidogize for su]i- 
 porting Leisler, Beekman refused. 
 By order of the King he was subse- 
 quently pardoned. He served as 
 commissioner to press tlie claims of 
 the Mohegan Indians against Con- 
 necticui. He was a raember of the 
 Councils of Governors Coriibury and 
 Ingoldsby, and Avas President of tiie 
 Council and Acting Governor of 
 New York, from A]iril 10, to June 
 U, 171(1, lietween the removal of Ingoldsby and the ari-ival of <b)ver- 
 nor Hunter. He was also ;i memlxu- of Hunter's Council. He died 
 in November, 1721. 
 
 COLONEL GER.^RDUS BEF.KMAX, M.D. 
 
52 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 BKEKMAX, JAMES WILLIAM, was a moraber of tlie New York 
 Assembly for oue year, wliile, iu 1850, be was elected to tbe Seuate, 
 servinjj,- two terms. He effected important clianiies in the tax laws, 
 and was Cliairnian of the Senate Committee wbicli rejiorted the bill 
 creating Central l*aik. lie served on the New York Board of Ednca- 
 tion, was a trustee of Columbia College, and was a trustee of Green- 
 wood Cemetery. He was a])pointed on a committee by New Y'ork 
 citizens, Thurldw Weed and Erastns Corning being the other mem- 
 bers, to solicit President I>iichanan to guarantee protection for a 
 steamer i)rovisi(ined by private enterinise to relieve I'ort Snmter jnst 
 prior to the Civil \Yar. He was Presideiir of the Woman's Hospital, 
 
 Vice-rresident (d' the New York Hos- 
 ](ital, and a trustee of tlie New York 
 Dispensary. He was one of the fonnd- 
 ers of the St. Nicholas Cln1>. and its 
 first President. He was one of the 
 founders of the Union League Club, 
 and one of its \'ice-Presidents; was 
 A'ice-President of the New York His- 
 torical Society; was an oflicer of the St. 
 Nicholas Society, and was a member of 
 the Century Association. He pub- 
 lished an address on " The Pounders of 
 New York" (1870). delivered before 
 the St. Nicholas Society, in 18()!t, and 
 a " Iveport on a A'illage of Cottage Hos- 
 pitals " (187C)l, made to tlie Governors 
 of the New York Hospital. He was b(n-n in this city, November 22, 
 1815, and died Jiere .Tune 1."), 1877. He was the son of (ierard 
 Beeknian, and tiftii in <lesceiit from \\illielmus BeeUman and Cath- 
 eiina He Boog. His mother was a. daughter of Captain John San- 
 ders, of Scheneclady, an officer iu tlie Bevolution, and a descendant 
 of Major John Alexander Glen. .Mr. Beekmaii was graduated from 
 Columbia College iu 1834. He studied law, but did uot practice. He 
 inherited a fortune from his father in 1833. and another from his 
 uncle, James Beekman, in 1837. He traveled mucii in Europe. He 
 married, in 1840, Abian Steele, daughter of Bev. Philip IMilledoler, 
 D.I)., President of Rutgers College, aud granddaughter of (ii'ueral 
 John Steele of t he Kevolutiou. 
 
 .JAMES W BKEKMAN. 
 
 BEEKMAN, JAMES WILLIA.M, sou of the late eminent citizen of 
 New York of the same name, is a lawyer and trustee of his father's 
 estate. He was born in this city, and in 1871 was graduated from the 
 Columbia College Law School and aduutted to the bar. He is a trus- 
 tee of the New York Hosjiital, and like his father devotes much atten- 
 tion to the benevolent organizations of the city. For the hospitality 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 53 
 
 extended by liiin to the olliiers of the Dutch warship, \'aii Six'ijk. dur- 
 iiii; the Cidninbiau naval review uf IHiVA, the (Jneen IJegent of the 
 Netherhiuds made him a Kuit;ht of the Order of Oranj;e Nassau. He 
 is a member of the Union, ^Metropolitan, Knickerbocker, University, 
 City, New York Yacht, and Heawanhaka-Coriiithian Yacht clubs, the 
 Ontury, and Downtown associations, the Holland Society, the Sons 
 of the Kevolution, and the Society of Colonial Wars. 
 
 BEEKMAN, (iElJAlID, lawyer and joint-manaiicr with his brother, 
 •Tames William Beekinan, of the lari^c est at i' left by ilieir father, the 
 late distiufiuished James \\'illiam IJeekman, was born in this city, and 
 is a liraduate of Columbia ( 'oHcm'. He has been for some years a trus- 
 tee of this university, and is a luember of the University, City, Sea- 
 wanhaka-Corinthian Yacht, and Oyster Bay clubs, the Century and 
 Downtown associations, the Holland Society, the City Bar Associa- 
 tion, and several historical and scientific societies. 
 
 CUTTlN<i, l.EOXAUD, founder of the New "^'ork family of this 
 name, was born and educated in Eniiland. lakinu (trders in the Church 
 of Eniiland. and comiuji' to Annu'ica, served (diuiclies at New liruns- 
 wick, N. J.; Hempstead, L. L, and Oyster ]>ay. E. I. He was for a 
 time Tutor and subsequently I'rofessor in Kint;'s ( "olle.uc now ( 'olnm- 
 bia, and later established a famous scliool at Hempstead. He mar- 
 ried a daujihter of John I'intard. who in 17:58 Avas an Aldermau of 
 New York. His oidy son became a prominent lawyer. 
 
 CUTTINC, WILEIA.M, an enunent lawyer of New Voilv' City dur- 
 infi' the first quarter of the present century, was the only son of Bev. 
 Leonard Cutting and his wife, a dauiihtei' of Alderman John I'intard. 
 He was graduated from Columbia College in 17!»o, and formed a law 
 partnershiji with F. K. Tillou. In 1S07 and 1S08 he was Sheriff of 
 New Y'ork <"ounty. He married (iertrude. daughter of Walter Liv- 
 ingston, and niece (»f Chancellor Livingston. She was the grand- 
 daughter of Peter Schuyler and of Hon. Kobert Livingston, Lord of 
 Livingston Manor, County Judge and Speaker of the New York As- 
 sembly, and was a sister-in-law of Tiobert Fulton, inventor of the 
 steamboat. ^Ir. Cutting secured for I'ulton and the Livingstons the 
 franchise for a term of years for the ferry between New Vork and 
 Brooklyn, at the foot of the present Fulton Street. 
 
 CUTTIN<!. WILLIA.M BAYABD. a i)rominent lawyer of New York 
 City, has been a Civil-service Commissioner of the city, and has taken 
 an active ]>art in movements looking to tln^ achievement of reform in 
 municipal government. He has long enjoyed a large corporation 
 l)ractice, and is an officer of many im])ortant cor])orations. lb' is 
 President of the Improved Dwellings Association, Treasurer of the 
 
54 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 ►Soutli Erooklyu iliiiii-uad aud Termiual Compauy, member of the Ex- 
 ecutive Committee of tlie New York Chamber of Commerce, member 
 of the Advisory Committee of the Audit Compauy. aud a director of 
 the Americau Exchauge Natioual Bauk, the City and Suburban 
 Homes Company, the New York and South Brooklyn Ferry and Steam 
 Transportation Company, the Florida Central aud Peninsula Eailroad 
 Compauy, aud the Tropical Laud Compauy. He is also a Trustee of 
 the United States Trust Company. He is a member of the Union, 
 Metroi^olitau, Tuxedo, City, University. Riding, Church. Players'. Gro- 
 lier. Lawyers', Delta Phi, Southside Sportsmen's, and ^Yestminster 
 Kenuel clubs, the Patriarchs', the Downtown Association, and the 
 Columbia College Alumni Association. He was born in New York 
 City, January 12, 185U, aud was graduated from Columbia College and 
 Columbia College Law School. He is the son of the late Fulton Cut- 
 ting aud Justine, daughter nf Robert Bayard aud Elizabeth ^IcEvers; 
 graudsou of William Cutting aud Gertrude, daughter of ^Valter Liv- 
 ingston and Cornelia Schuyler, and great-grandson of Rev. Leonard 
 Cutting, aud a daughter of Aldenuau John Piutard. He married 
 Olivia, daughter of Brou.sou Murray aud Anne E. Peyton, and grand- 
 daughter of James B. Murray aud Maria Bronsou. and has two 
 daughters and two sous — William Bayard. Jr.. and Bronsou Murray 
 Cutting. 
 
 KIP, LA\YRENCE, is President of the Coney Island Jockey Club, 
 and a director of the National Horse Show Association. He has been 
 Vice-President of the last-mentioned corporation. He has been prom- 
 inent in efforts to elevate the character of the turf in this country, 
 and has maintained both road aud racing stables. Having attended 
 the Churchill Military School at Sing Sing, X. Y., he entered 
 West Point Academy in 1853, and was graduated 
 four years later, receiving the commission of Second 
 Lieutenant of Artilleiw. Througliout the Civil War 
 he served on the staff of General Sheridan. He re- 
 ceived brevets for bravei-y on the field as ^lajor and 
 Lieutenant-Colonel, and in 1S6G was commissioned 
 Cai>tain in the regular army. In 1867 he resigned 
 from tlie service. He is a member of the Union, 
 Metropolitan, Tuxedo, Suburban, and Riding and 
 Driving clubs, the Patriarchs, and other organiza- 
 tions. He married, in 1861, Eva, daughter of Peter Lorillard and 
 Catherine Griswold, and has a daughter, Edith Kip McCreery. His 
 only son, Lorillard Kip, died in 1896. He was himself bcu'n in ]Mor- 
 ristowu. N. J., aud is the sou of the late Dr. William lugraham Kip, 
 Episcopal Bishop of California, and his wife, Maria Elizabeth, daugh- 
 ter of Isaac Lawrence aud Cornelia Beach. He is the grandson of 
 Leonard Kip and Maria, daughter of Duncan lugraham, of Philadel- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 55 
 
 pliia, aud descends fi-om Heudrick Heudrickscu Kip, who arrived in 
 Xew Amsterdam in lG4o, became a member of Govi-rnor Stuyvesanf s 
 rouncil, aud was elected ychepen. 
 
 RUTHERFUED, JOIIX ALEXANDER, well known stock bro- 
 ker of this city, and member of the New York Stock Exchange, 
 has been actively interested in railroad aud industrial development 
 in the Southern States. He has been A^ice-President of the Rich- 
 mond and West Point Terminal Company, as he has been also of the 
 Richmond and Danville Railroad. He is now a director of the Wheel- 
 ing Bridge and Terminal Railway aud the Sloss Iron aud Steel Com- 
 pany of P.irmingham, Ala. He is a member of the Metropolitan, 
 Manhattan, Players', Larchmont Yacht aud Adirondack League 
 clubs, the Society of the Cincinnati, and the Sous of the Revolution. 
 He was born at Edgerston, N. J., March 2, 1S48, and was graduated 
 
 from Rutgers College. He is the sou of the 
 
 late Walter Rutherfurd, a [irominent lawyer of 
 this city; is the grandson of Robert Walter 
 Rutherfurd, who was prominent in the public 
 life of New Jersey; is gTeat-graudsou of John 
 Rutherfurd, United States Senator from New 
 Jersey, and is removed one generation further 
 from Walter Rutherfurd (sixth sou of Sir John 
 Rutherfurd 1, an officer of the IJoyal Scots, who. hithf.kkurd arms. 
 having served in Flanders and Germany, was Ma- 
 jor and Judge Advocate in tlie British Army on this continent in the 
 French and Indian War; acquired a grant of 5,000 acres in N<'w Jer- 
 sey, married the great-granddaughter of the Earl of Stirling, and 
 after the Revolution resided in New York City, aud was a f<iuud('r of 
 the Society Library. President of the Agricultural Society, and Presi- 
 dent of the St. Andrew's Society. Mr. Rutherfurd's uuither was 
 Isabella, daughter of David Brooks, Revolutionary officer, and origi 
 nal member of the Society of the (j'inciuuati. She was granddaughter 
 of Daniel Niel, another patriot officer, who was Aid on the 
 staff of General Hugh Mercer, and was killed in the Battle of Prince- 
 ton; and was likewise granddaughter of William Walton [Morris, Aid 
 on the staff of General Autliony Wayne during the Revolution, and 
 the son of General Lewis Morris, signer of the Declaration of Inde- 
 pendence. 
 
 CARNOCHAN, GOUVERNEUR MORRIS, banker and broker, and 
 ^femberof the New York Stock Exchange, is the only surviving son of 
 the late eminent surgeon of New York City. Dr. John Murray Carno- 
 chan. Born in this city, he was educated at Harvard, and being in- 
 tended for the medical profession by his father, was matriculated at 
 the Ecole de Medicine in Paris. He preferred, however, to engage 
 
56 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 in the banking and hidkciayc bnsiness. He is Inspeotoi* of Eifle 
 I'raetioe, witli tlie rank of First Lieutenant, in the Seventli Kegiment. 
 He is a member of tlie Cahimet. Military, Country, New York Athletic, 
 and Delta IMii clubs; the Society of Tolonial Wars, and the Seventh 
 Regiment ^'eterau Association. He married, in 188(S, Matilda Gros- 
 venor, daughter of the late Frederic (xoodridge, and has living two 
 sons. His grandfather, John Carnochan, was a wealthy planter of 
 Georgia. His motlrer was Estelle, daughter of Brevet-Major-Geueral 
 \Yilliam Walton Morris, Fnited States Army; granddaughter of Lieu- 
 tenant ^Villiam Walton Morris, Second Artillery Continental line, 
 and Aid-di'-camp to General Anthony Wayne in the Kevolution; 
 great-granddaughter of General I>ewis Morris, signer of tlie Declara- 
 tion of Independence; great-great-grand<huighter of Lewis Morris, 
 Lord of the .\hinor of Morrisania, and Chief Justice of the Vice-Ad- 
 miralty Court; great-great-great-granddaughter of Lewis Morris, 
 Chief Justice of New York and New .Jersey, and one more generation 
 removed from Ivichai-d Moi-ris, (d'ticer in CromwelTs army. 
 
 STUKES, TH()-MAS, foiimk'r of the hrst missionary society in 
 London in 1795; the associate of Robert Raikes in organizing the first 
 Sunday-schools there, and one of those who fitted out the lirst mis- 
 sionary ship, the Dnfl', sailing from that port, removed to New York 
 City in 17"J8. Here he became a founder of the American Bible So- 
 ( iety in 1810, as also of the New York Peace Society and the Ameri- 
 can Tract Society, serving as Chairman of the Distributing Committee 
 of the latter until his death, October 10, 1832. He likewise served as 
 Treasurer of the American P>ai)tist INFissionary Union. Horn in Lon- 
 don, in December, 17(;5, the son of \\illiam Stokes, he was of gentle 
 blood and occupied high social position. He came under I he influence 
 of the famous Rowland Hill, and became a non-conformist. Although 
 a layman, in early life he preached to the poor of London. His only 
 brother. Judge William Armstrong Stokes, also came to New York. 
 Thomas Stokes married Elizabeth Ann, daughter of James I'.oulter, 
 Esq., of Lowestoff, Wales, and had twelve children, of whom one was 
 the late James Stokes of this city. 
 
 STOKES, JAMES, sou of Tliomas Stokes ami Elizabeth Ann, 
 daughter of James Boulter, of Lowestoft, Wales, was born in tliis city 
 in 1804, and died in 1881. In early life he was in business with his 
 father. In 1837 he married Caroline, daughter of Anson (ireene 
 riielps, head of the nu'tal imi)orting firm of Phelps, Dodge c& Com- 
 pany, and subsequently Mv. Stcd^es became a member of this firm. 
 About forty years later he became one of the founders of the New 
 York banking house of IMielps, Stokes & Company. He was the co- 
 adjutor of Peter Cooper in the development of the luiblic-school sys- 
 tem, and was otherwise active in connection with educational and be- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 57 
 
 uevolont institutions. Three (lani;litei's survived liim, oue of wlioiu 
 bcciime ^Irs. lleury Dale, toji'etlicr witli four sons — tlie present Anson 
 Phelps Stolces, the present James Stokes, the ]>resent Thomas Stokes, 
 and the present William E. Dod^c Stokes. 
 
 STOKES, ANSON I'lIELl'S, eldest son of the late James Stcdces, 
 and grandson of Thomas Stokes, the noted philanthropist and reli<;- 
 ious worker, who came to tliis city from London in 17!tS, was for some 
 time a member of the metal house of Phelps, Dodge (& Company, siib- 
 setpiently was associated with his father in the well-known banking 
 firm of IMielps, Stol^es & Company, and in recent years has mainly 
 confined himself to the care of his large real estate and other interests. 
 He is a trustee of the Uniteil States Trust Company and a director 
 of the Ansoiua Brass and Copper Comjiany and the Woodbridge 
 Company. He was the first Pi-esident of the Eeforni Club, and has 
 twice been Vice-Pi-esident of the New York Yacht Club. He is a 
 member of the Executive Committee of the New York Society for the 
 Prevention of Cruelty to Animals, lie is a member of the Metropoli- 
 tan, Knickerbocker, Union League, Tnxedo, Century, City, Itiding, 
 Reform, Lawyers", (Jhurch, New York Yaclit, and Mendelssohn (ilee 
 clubs, and the Society of Colonial Wars. He married Helen L., daugh- 
 ter of Isaac Newton Phelps, in his day one of the l)est known l»ank«'i-s 
 of this city, and has four sons — Isaac Newton Phelps, J. (}. Phelps, 
 Anson Phelps, Jr., and Harold M. Phelps Stokes, and five daughtei-s, 
 of whom two are married — the wife of Baron Halkett and Mrs. Jolin 
 Sherman Iloyt. 
 
 MORGAN, ED^\ IN l>b:XlSON, engaged in business in New York 
 City as a wholesale grocer in 1830, and made a large fortune. In 
 1850 he was elected to the State Senate, being re-elected two years 
 later. In 1850 he was Chairman (d" the Whig State Central Commit- 
 tee, while from 1857 to 1800 he was Cliairman 
 of the I\e])ublican State Connnitlee. lie was 
 elected Governor of the State in 1858, and was 
 elected again in 18()0, the first time by a ma- 
 jority of more than 17.000, and the second time 
 by a majority of nearly !)0,000. He was one of 
 the stanchest of the "War Governors," vigor- 
 ously su])i)orting Lincoln's policy. He oi-gan- 
 ized and sent to the front 4!»2,000 Cinon 
 soldiers. At the close of his term he wa.s 
 elected to the United States Senate, where he 
 serwed during the six years from 1808 to 1800. 
 He Avas again the Republican candidate for 
 Governor in 1877, but was (h'feated by Lu- 
 cius Robinson. The son of Jasper Moi'gan, a farmer, he was b()rn \u 
 Berkshire County, Massachusetts, Eebruary 8, 1811, and had only a 
 
58 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 common sclioul education. Bet^^■een 1822 and ISoO lie was engaged 
 in the grocery business in Hai-tford, Conn., and tlien establislied liini- 
 self in New Yorlc. He always remained at the head of the firm of 
 E. J). Morgan & Company until his leath, in 1883, but after retiring 
 from public life gave his cliief attention to financial institutions in 
 which he was interested. He was long a director of the United States 
 Trust Company, the National Bank of Commerce, the ^^'estern Union 
 Telegraph Company, and the New York, Lake Erie and Western Rail- 
 road Company. He was Vice-President of the American Tract So- 
 ciety from 1875 until his death. He was President of the Board of 
 Trustees of the Brick Presbyterian Church, and President of the 
 Board of Governors of the Woman's Hospital. He was also President 
 of the Board of Managers of the Presbyterian Hospital, and was a 
 Manager of the Association for the Relief of Respectable Aged 
 Indigent Females. He endowed Union Theological Seminary and 
 Williams College. He was a member of the Union League Club, the 
 Chamber of Commerce, and the Maritime Association of the Port of 
 New- York. At the age of twenty-one he had been elected a member 
 of the City Council of Hartford, while in 1849 he was elected to the 
 Board of Assistant Aldennen of New Y'ork City. He was Commis- 
 sioner of Emigration from 1855 to 1858. He twice declined the port- 
 folio of Secretary of the Treasury, tendered him by President Lincoln 
 and President Arthur, respectively. Tn the latter case his nomination 
 had been confirmed by the Senate. He was eighth in descent from 
 James Morgan, who emigrated from Llandalf, Wales, to Boston, 
 Mass., in 1G3G. 
 
 MORGAN, EDVk'ARD DENISON, son of Governor E. D. Morgan, 
 was born in Hartford, Conn., in 1831, and died August 15, 1879. At 
 the age of fifteen he made a. voyage around the world in a sailing 
 vessel. He attended the Literary Institute at Suffield, Conn., and, 
 from 1860 to 1862, served as Colonel on the staff of his father, then 
 Governor of New York. He visited Europe in 1867, and upon his re- 
 turn a year later began the study of medicine with Dr. Austin Flint. 
 In 1S71 he was grmluatcd from thcBcllevne Hospital Medical College, 
 while from tliat time until shortly before his deatli he devoted himself 
 to the medical care of the poor in New York City, without compen- 
 sation. He married Sarah E. Archer, of Suffield, Conn., who died soon 
 after his decease, leaving their only son, Edward Denison Morgan. 
 
 MORGAN. EDWIN DENISON, the third to bear this name, is the 
 only surviving son of the late Dr. Edwin Denison Morgan, born in 
 1834, died in 1881, who in turn was the only son to reach maturity and 
 have issue in the familv of the late Hon. Edwin Denison Morgan, 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 )9 
 
 GovciiHir and United States Senator, and 
 ing- tirni of E. D. Morgan & Company. Tlu- 
 of the family was gradn- 
 ated from Harvard in 1877, 
 and since that date lias 
 been engaged in banking 
 in this city He is a 
 director of the Corral itos 
 Company, the Phillipsburg 
 Coal and Land Company, 
 and the Monterey and Mexi- 
 can Gnif Kailroad Com- 
 pany. He is a yachtsman 
 and sportsman, and has 
 country seats on Long Is- 
 land and at Newport. He 
 married Elizabeth Moran. 
 He is a member of tlie 
 Union, Metropolitan, Union 
 League, Knickerbocker, 
 Tuxedo, Racquet, Harvard, 
 Country, Meadow Brook 
 Hunt, New York Yacht, 
 Larchmont Yacht, and At- 
 lantic Yacht clubs, the New England Soiicty, and 
 IJevolution. 
 
 founder of the bank- 
 present representative 
 
 K.D\VAKI> IIK.NISON MORCJAN. 
 
 the Sdus (d' the 
 
 FLOYD-JONES, WILLIAM OHAUNCEY, has been long in busi- 
 ness as a stockbroker in New York City, and is a member of the Stock 
 Exchange. He is a member of the Union, Racquet, Country, and 
 Westminster Kennel clubs, and, in addition to his city residence, 
 occupies the estate which has long been in his family at Massapequa, 
 L. I. He is the son of the late William Floyd-Jones, merchant of this 
 city; grandson of Brigadier-General Thomas Floyd-Jones, and grand- 
 nephew of Major-General Henry Floyd-Jones. His great-grandfather, 
 David Richard Floyd-Jones, who married a daughter of Henry Onder- 
 donk, was tlie only sou of Richard Floyd and his wife, Arabella, 
 daughter of Judge David Jones and sister of Judge Thomas Jones, 
 and, becoming the heir of his uncle. Judge Thomas Jones, of the New 
 York Supreme Court, who died without issue, added the latter's sur- 
 name to that of his father by virtue of legislative act of 1788. Rich- 
 ard Floyd, father of David Richard Floyd-Jones, was a Judge and 
 Colonel of militia, and, through his loyalty to the king during the 
 Revolution, suffered the confiscation of his estate at Mastic, L. I. 
 He was the son of Ricliard Floyd, also Judge and Colonel of the 
 militia; was the grandson of Richard Floyd, Colonel of the militia 
 
60 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 of Suffolk Coiuity, New York, iiiid .JiuI^l' of the Court of ("oiinuon 
 I'lcas, his wife beiug Marj^aret. oldest, daughter of Colonel Matthias 
 Nieoll, cousin of (iovernor lUchard Xicoll, and first Secretary of the 
 Eniilish province of New York; and was the grandson of Kichard 
 Floyd, of Brecknockshire, Wales, Avho came over with Richard Wood- 
 hull in 1()54, acquired a large estate in Suffolk County, and was 
 Judge of the county and ( 'olonel of the militia. 
 
 CADWALADEK, JOHN LA.MI'.EIJT, who has long been engaged 
 in the successful practice of law in New York City, was in 1874 As- 
 sistant Secretary of State of the United States. lie has a large corpo- 
 ration practice and has been an officer of a number of coi-porations. 
 He has also been active in connection with public and benevolent 
 interests in the city. He is now I'resident of the Board of Trustees 
 of the New Y'ork I'ublic Library, Astor, Lenox, and Tilden founda- 
 tions, having previously for some years been a member of the Board 
 of Trustees of Astor Library. I'or some years he has been counsel 
 to the BoaT-d of Trustees of the Ne\v York .Vssociation for Imjiroving 
 the Condition of the Poor. He is a member of the Union, Metropoli- 
 tan, Knickerbocker, City, University, Biding, Lawyers', Princeton, 
 New Y^)rk Yacht, and Seawanhaka-Corinthian Yacht clubs, the Cen- 
 tury and r>owntown associations, and tlie Sons ol the IN'Volution, and 
 is a prominent member of the Bar Association of the city. Born 
 November 17, 1830, and a graduate from Princeton College, he is the 
 son of the late Major-General Thomas Cadwalader and Maria C, 
 daughter of Nicholas Gouverneur and granddaughter of Lawrence 
 Kortriglit, both prominent citizens of New '^'ork and members of 
 famous old families. The Cadwalader family of l'hilad('l]iliia is the 
 peer of any in the United States in respect both to ancient lineage 
 and the eminence f)f its members. Its founder in this country, John 
 Cadwalader, was a member of the Pliiladelidiia Common Council 
 from 1718 to 1733, and of the Provincial Assembly from 1729 to 1731, 
 and traced his line through distinguished ancestors to Bhodri ^Slawr, 
 who died 87(! A.D., having been King of United AVales. ]\Ir. Cadwala- 
 der's grandfatlier. Colonel Lambert Cadwalader, was Colonel of the 
 New Jersey line in the Kevolution, represented New Jersey in the 
 Continental Congress from 1784 to 1787, and was subsequently a mem- 
 ber of the Constitutional Convention and a member of Congress. He 
 married ^Nfary, daughter of Ai-chibald McCall, of Philadelphia. JMr. 
 Cadwalader's great-grandfather was the famous Dr. Thomas Cadwal- 
 ader of Philadelphia, member of the Pennsylvania Provincial Council 
 and Medical Director of all tlie Continental forces during the Revo- 
 lution. 
 
 SCHIEFFELIN, \YILLIA3f HENRY, from 1805 until his death in 
 1895, Avas hea<l of W. H. Schieffelin & Comjiany, the well-known whole- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 61 
 
 
 sale niiinulaciiiiiiiL; dnii; house eslahlislied ]>y liis ureat-gTandfatlier, 
 Jaeeb ScliielTeliii, uioic than a hundred years aiio, and which, iu re- 
 spect to its veuerahh' liistory and extent (d' business, is the most nota- 
 ble house in tli is line in the Tnited States. Under his luanaiienieiit this 
 tii-ni led iu intro(lucin;Li- the synthetic dru|ns of chemistry to Amei-ican 
 idiysicians. In 1S(;0, at the atie of twenty-four, Mr. Schiei'feliu led an 
 e.vploriniL;- ])arty across the Ko(dvy Mouidains frmu .Montana, the com- 
 pany beiiiii' cai)tured by the Ciow Indians, but liberated throuuh the 
 intercession of a friendly chief. In iSOi' he went to the front with the 
 Seventh New ^'ork, and soon after being commissioned Major of the 
 First New York Mounted Ifities, enlisted 400 
 men. lie was at Suff(dk, Va., under (Jeneral 
 ^^'onl durin<>- its sietie by General Lon^street. 
 In July, 18(13, he resii;ned his conimission. He 
 was one of the first to import registered Jersey 
 cattle, briniiinu- a herd in INTO to his farm at 
 Katonah, X. V. lie was <'liairn)an of the Drut;- 
 Trade Cleveland and Stevenson Club in 1S1>2, 
 baviusi' been a Republican previous to that year. 
 He was President of the Fishers Island S]i(trts- 
 men's Club, and Senior \'estrymau of St. ( ieort;e's Church, Stuyvesant 
 Square. Born in this city August 20, 1836, he was the son of Samuel 
 Bradhni-st S(diieflelin, i^ramlson of the late Henry ITamilton Schieffel- 
 in, and great-grandson of Jacob Schieflelin, all of whom preceded him 
 as heads of the drug house. He was married October 15, 1803, to 
 ^lary, daughter of the late John Jay, and great-granddaughter of 
 Chief Justice John Jay. His sou, ^\■illiam Jay Schieffelin, is now head 
 of the firm. 
 
 SCHIEFFKLIX ARMS. 
 
 SCHIEFFELIN, WILLIAM JAY, who became head of the notable 
 wholesale drug and chemical house of Schieffelin & Company ni)on 
 the death in IS!).") of his father, the late William Henry Schieff(din, is 
 also Vice-President of the Cereals .Alanufacturing Company. In 1S!((; 
 Mayor Strong appointed him a member of the Civil-service Commis- 
 sion. He has been an active member of the Chamber of (Commerce, 
 has been a member of its Committee on Finance, a member of the 
 Executive Committee and Chairman of the Subcommittee on Co-oper- 
 ation with kindred organizations and on the formation of sound mon- 
 ey clubs. He is a member of the Century, City, and Church clubs, the 
 St. Nicholas Society, the Huguenot Society, tlie Society of Colonial 
 Wars, the 3Iilitary Order of the Loyal Legion, the Anu^-ican ( "hemical 
 Society, and the Society of Chemical Industry. He was born iu New 
 York City in 1860, in 1887 was graduated from Columbia College, 
 took a i)ost-graduate course in chemistry at the T'niversity of Mnniidi, 
 ami iu 188!) received its degree of Doctor of Philoso])liy. He entered 
 I he finu of ^Y. H. Schieffelin & Company, which, upon his father's 
 
62 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 death, became Schieffeliu ic Company. He married in 1891 Marie 
 Louisa, daughter of the late Colonel Elliott F. Shepard and grand- 
 daughter of William H. Vanderbilt. and has two sons and two daugh- 
 ters, the elder sou being "^Villiam Jar Schieffeliu, Jr. 
 
 DYEK, ELISHA. Jn., was bred to the law in Rhode Island, but 
 instead of following his profession, established himself in this city 
 as a banker, and is actively connected with various railroad interests. 
 For some time he has been Secretary and Treasurer of the Brooklyn 
 Elevated Railroad Company. He is also President of the Popp Com- 
 pressed Air and Electric Power Company, and is a director of the Sea- 
 side and Brooklyn Bridge Elevated Railroad. He is a member of the 
 Metropolitan and Knickerbocker chibs and the Brown University 
 Alumni Association. He was born in Providence. R. I., in 1S62, at- 
 tended St. Paul's School, Concord, X. H., and was graduated from 
 Brown University. In 1891 he man'ied Sidney (^Turner I Swan, of 
 Newport, R. L. a descendant of the Turuers of Virginia and the Pat- 
 tersons of Maryland, and granddaughter of a brother of Madame 
 Jerome Bonaparte. Mr. Dyer is himself the son of General Elisha 
 Dyer, of Newport, a graduate of the University of Giessen, Germany, 
 who, in addition to other military and civil honors, was elected Gov- 
 ernor of Rhode Island in 1896; is grandson of General Elisha Dyer, 
 who was elected (iovernor of lUiode Island in 1857, having previously 
 served five terms as Adjutant-General of the State, and is descended 
 from both Edward and George Dyer, brothers who came from Eng- 
 land to Massachusetts prior to 1G29, as he is also from William Dyer, 
 son of one of them and nephew and son-in-law of the other, who was 
 one of the seventeen purcliasers <>f Rhode Island from the Indians in 
 1638, 
 
 CARROLL, ROYAL PHELPS, is well known as a leading yachts- 
 man. In addition to his activity in these waters, in 1894 his famous 
 yacht Navahoe participated in the important European regattas, and 
 in the race for the Brentou Reef Cup defeated the celebrated Britan- 
 nia, of the Prince of Wales. He is a member of the L'nion, Knicker- 
 bocker, Racquet, New York Y'acht, Larchmont Yacht, Seawanhaka- 
 Corinthian Yacht, and Eastern Yacht clubs. His summer residence 
 is at Newport. In 1891 he man-ied Marion, daughter of Eugene Lang- 
 don and Harriet Lowndes, and has a daughter. He was born in this 
 city October 29, 1862, attended French and English schools, and was 
 graduated from Harvard in 1885. The son of Governor John Lee Car- 
 roU of Maryland, and the only daughter of the late Royal Phelps, 
 famous merchant and banker of this city, he is fifth in descent from 
 the renowned Charles Carroll, of Carrollton, and seventh from Charles 
 Carroll, founder of the famous Marvland familv. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 63 
 
 \YINTHK(;)P, BUCHANAN, was boru in New York in ISil, in 1862 
 was <;raduated from Yale, tAvo years later was graduated from 
 Columbia College Law School, and since 1SG4 has been engaged in 
 the practice of law in this city. He is a trustee of the New York 
 Life Insurance and Trust Company, and has long been Treasurer of 
 the General Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the 
 United States. He was elected a Fellow of Yale University by the 
 Alumni in 1891, and was re-elected in 1895. He is a member of the 
 Union, Metropolitan, Tuxedo, Century, City, University, lUding, and 
 New York Yacht clubs, the Patriarchs, the Downtown Association, 
 the City Bar Association, the New England Society, and the Yale 
 Alumni Association. He married in 1872 Sarah Helen, daughter of 
 Isaac Townsend, and has a daughter and a son — Henry Rogers Win- 
 throp. He is himself the sou of the late Henry Rogers Winthrop, a 
 well-kuown lawyer of this city, and ^Margaret, daughter of Thomas 
 Hicks of Long Island; is the grandson of John Still Winthrop, a New 
 York merchant, and Harriet, daughter of ^ 
 Fitch Rogers, and descends from Governor .^u/i/fC^'TTvtt^fl. 
 John Winthrop, of Massachusetts, and his son, ^ -=^ 
 
 Governor John Winthrop, of Connecticut, as well as from Governor 
 Joseph Dudley and Governor Thomas Fitch. Another ancestor was 
 Major-General ^\'ait Still Winthrop, Chief Justice of Massachusetts. 
 
 BRONSON, FREDERIC, one of the prominent lawyers of New York 
 City, where he has been engaged in practice for more than twenty 
 years, is a director or trustee of several impoi-tant corporations. He 
 stands in this relation to the New York Life Insurance and Trust 
 Company, the Institution for Savings of Merchants' Clerks, the Amer- 
 ican Horse Exchange, the National Horse Show Association, and the 
 New Y'ork Cab Company. Since 1897 he has been President of the 
 Coaching Club, succeeding Colonel William Jay. He had previously 
 been its Vice-President and long one of its most prominent members, 
 being well known as one of the most skillful whips in the city. He 
 is also a member of the Union, Metropolitan, Knickerbocker, City, 
 Racquet, Country, Riding, New Y'ork Yacht, and Delta Phi clubs, the 
 Downtown Association, and the Columbia Alumni Association. He 
 was born in this city, the son of the late Frederic Bronson and Char- 
 lotte Brinckerlioff, and grandson of the famous Dr. Isaac Bronson, 
 notable i)hysician, Revolutionaiw soldier, and New Y'ork banker, wlio 
 married Maria, daughter of Colonel James B. Murray. The first pater- 
 nal ancestor in this country, John Bronson, was one of the founders of 
 Hartford under Dr. Thomas Hooker, and subsequently serv(>(l in the 
 Pequot war. Mr. Bronson was graduated from Columbia College in 
 1871, and later attended the Columbia College Law School. He mar- 
 ried Sarah Gracie, daughter of the late Archibald Gracie King, and 
 lins one daughter. 
 
64 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 DIX, JOHN ADAMS, was born in Boscawcn, N. H., July 24, 1798 
 and (lied in XeAV York City, April 2i, 1870. He was the son of 31ajoi 
 Timothy ])ix, of the Tiuted States Army, and participated in th( 
 campaign against Canada in the War of 1812, beino- made Second 
 Lieutenant at sixteen years of age. After the war lie resigned hi^ 
 fomniission as Captain in the United States Army, studied law, and 
 began practice at ( 'oopersto^^'n, N. Y. In 1 820 he was sent on a special 
 mission to the (\iui-t of Denmark. In 1830, Governor Throop ap- 
 pointed him Adjutant-dcneral of the State of Xew York, while he 
 was also elected a Ktgeiit of the State University. From 1833 to 1839' 
 he was Secretary of State for New York. In 1840 he was State Super- 
 intendent of S(lio(ds. In 1841 he was elected to the Assembly from 
 Albany Couniy. He subse(iuently visited Europe, and upon his re- 
 turn was elected United States Senator from New York, in 1845. 
 Three years later he was the unsuccessful I'ree-Soil candidate fori 
 Governor of New York. He became Assistant Ti'easurer of the United 
 States at New York City by appointment of President Pierce. In 
 the spring of I8(i0, President Buchanan appointed him Postmaster 
 at New York City. In January, 1861, he entered Buchanan's Cabinet 
 as Secretary of the Treasury, and made a bold stand against those 
 who were iilotting tieason. To the commander of a revenue cutter at 
 New (hleans he gave his celebrated order: "If any one attempts to 
 haul down the American flag shoot him on the spot."" When the Civil 
 War bi'oke out he was one of the four Jlajor-Generals in charge of the 
 troops of the State of New Yorlc. In 1862 he was transferred to T'or- 
 tress Monroe. From 1863 to the end of the war he commanded the 
 Department of the East, with h.eadquarters at New York City. Sub- 
 sequently lie was appoinh-d N;ival Officer of the P(nt of New York. 
 In Seiiteniber, 186t!, he sn( ceeded John Bigdow as United States ^Fin- 
 ister to France, and served bet\\'een two and three years. In 1872 he 
 was electeil ( Joveriior of New York as the candidate of the Republican 
 par-ty, but two vears later was defeated as a camlichite for re-election 
 by Samuel J. Tilden. He instituted some important economies in 
 administration wliile (Jovernor. His oldest son. Dr. J. Morgan Dix, 
 has long been rector of Trinity Parish, New York City. 
 
 DIX, JOHN MORGAN, long Rector of Trinity I'arish, New York 
 City, is the son of the late General John A. Dix and a daughter 
 of the late J(din Jordan ^lorgan. He was born in this city, November 
 1, 1827, resided at Albany from 1830 to 1842, subsequently traveled 
 in ^Madeira, Spain, and Italy, and was graduated from Columbia 
 College in 1848. He began the study of law. but soon abandoned 
 it and entered the General Theological Seminary, from which he was 
 graduated in 1852. He was ordained a deacon the same year and was 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 65 
 
 KEV. .1. MOKliAX mx, D.D. 
 
 admitted to priestliund in 185^. He served as Assistant Hector of 
 St. Marlj's, Pliiladelpliia, visited Euiope, and n]ion liis return was 
 
 elected Assistant Minister of Trin- 
 
 ity Parish in this city. In 1SG2 
 lie became Assistant Rector, and 
 subsequently succeeded Dr. Ber- 
 riau as Rector. He has been active 
 in promoting sisterhoods and in 
 improving church music. He has 
 been a delegate to many general 
 conventions, and President of the 
 House of Deputies in several. 
 Since 18G9 he has been President 
 of the Standing Committee of the 
 Diocese of Xew York, and a trus- 
 tee of Columbia. College, Sailors" 
 Snug Harbor, the Leake and 
 Watts Orphan House, the General 
 Theological Seminary (being- 
 Chairman of its Standing C(mi- 
 mitteej, the House of Mercy, the 
 Society for Promoting Religion and Learning, and the Church Orphan 
 House. He is Vice-President of the New York Protestant Episcopal 
 Public School, and of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to 
 Animals. He has published commentaries on "Romans" (1864), 
 and " Galatians and Colossians " (180.j), " Lectures on Pantheism" 
 (1865), " Lectures on the Two Estates, the Wedded in the Lord, and 
 the Single for the Lord's Sake" (1872i, "Sermons Doctrinal and 
 Practical" (18781, and "Memoirs of John A. Dix " (2 vols., 1883). 
 
 WETMORE, GEORGE PEABODY, is a director of the Metropolitan 
 Opera House and Real Estate Company, the National Horse Show As- 
 sociation, the American Horse Exchange (Limited), and the New 
 Yoi'k (."ab Company. He is a member of the Union, Metropolitan, 
 Union League, Knickerbocker, Century, University, Riding, and other 
 clubs of New Y'ork; the Newport Reading Room, Casino, and Golf 
 clubs; the Hope Club of Providence, the Somerset Club of Boston, the 
 ^Ietro]!((litan Club of ^YasllingtoIl, and many other clubs. He was 
 Governor of lUmde Island in 1885-80 and 188(3-87, being defeated for 
 a third term, although then receiving more votes than in either elec- 
 tion in which he was successful. In 1880, he was a prominent can- 
 didate before the Legislature for United States Senator from Rhode 
 Island, being defeated on the eighth l)allot. On June 13, 1894. he 
 was elected to the United States Senate, receiving the unanimous 
 vote of both houses of the Legislature. He was first Presidential 
 Elector for Rhode Island on the Republican ticket in 1880, as lie was 
 
66 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 ;iL;;iiii in 1NS4. lie was a member of the eoiuiuittee \i> Imild a new 
 .State House for IJliode Island, lie was a nieniher of the comniittee 
 to receive the representatives of France on the ciccasion of tlieir visit 
 to llhode Ishmd in l.SS(!. lie was graduated from Vale in IStlT, and 
 from the Law !-!chool of Columbia University iu 1809, the same year 
 beini; admitted to the New York and Khode Island bars. He de- 
 clined the uomiuatiou as Fellow of Yale University in 1S88. He is a 
 trustee of the Peabody ^luseum of Natural History in Yale University 
 and is a trustee of the I'eabody Educational Fund. Horn in Loudon, 
 England, Auj;ust 2, 184:0, durine, a visit of his i)areuts in Europe, he 
 is the son of William Hhepard Wetmore and Austiss Derby, daughter 
 of John W. Eooei-s and Austiss l)erl)y Pickman. of Salem. Mass. He 
 is a grandson of Hon. Seth AYetmore, of St. Albans, Vt., as he is of 
 General William Shepard, of Westtield, Mass. Mr. Wetmore married, 
 in 1809, Edith 3Ialvin, daughter of Eugene Keteltas, of New Y\n'k 
 City, and has two daughters and two sous — William Shejtard Keteltas 
 Wetmore and Pogers Pickman Derby Keteltas Wetmore. 
 
 ASTOP, JOHN JACOP, founder of the fortunes of this wt'U-knowu 
 New^ Y'ork family, was born in Walldorf, Germany, a village near 
 Heidelberg, July 17, ITO:}, and died in the City of New York, March 
 29, 1848. He was the youngest son of a Gennan farmer, and was 
 educated iu the village sch()(d. At the age of seventeen he went to 
 London, where an elder brother and an uncle were engaged in busi- 
 ness. The brother, (ieorge Peter Astor, was a member of the London 
 firm of Astor & Proadwood, manufacturers of musical instruments, 
 of which the uncle was the head. During the four years from 1779 
 to 1783, John Jacob Astor remained with this firm iu London, while 
 as their agent he landed in Paltimore, Md., in March, 1784, with a 
 consignment of goods. Another brother, Henry Astor, was already 
 in New Y'ork, whither the young in.nn went. The conversation of ofti- 
 cers of the Hudson P>ay Com])any during the voyage over, who were 
 fellow-passengers of Astor, liad interested him in the fur trade, and, 
 having disposed of his goods, he entered the employ of a New York 
 fur dealer named ^^■ilson. Subse(|uently be was emjdoyed by Pobert 
 Bowne, after wliicli ln' established himself in the fur business in New 
 Y'lU-k. In 178.J he arranged for the shii»piug of furs to London, while 
 at tli(- same time organizing a Xew York branch house of the piano 
 firm of Astor & l^roadwood. But his great success was in the fur 
 business, and at the end of six years he had amassed a fortune of a 
 quarter of a million dollars, which he mainly invested in real estate 
 just bo\vond the limits of the thickly populated portion of New York 
 City. He C(nitinued this ])olicy throughout life, and thus obtained 
 large returns from the capital accumulated in commerce. He ](erson- 
 ally traveled in Northern New York, buying peltries from the Indians 
 and arranging for theii- iiurchase. In ]iartnership with f]]o father of 
 
;r.o,":vj:jr-.^er 
 
 J 'J n -\ 
 
 JACOB AS TOR 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OI- NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 67 
 
 Uerrit Smith, he established n,iieiicies at the frontier military posts, 
 iuchidiiiL' Oswego aud Detroit. He soou chartered vessels to carry 
 his slaiis to Europe, aud orgauized the American Fur Comiiany, wliicli 
 became a formidable riviil of tlie Hudson Hay ('onqiany and the Brit- 
 ish ^.'oi-thwest ("ompauy. He attemjited to control the fur trade west 
 of the Rocky Mountains, and formuhiteil a giganric >schem(^ for trade 
 witli Silteria and China. He failed to enlist the < lovernment interest 
 which he had hojied lo do, but conducted sm-Ji a trade on his own 
 account. Asto)-ia, a jiost at the mouth of the Columbia Ifiver. was 
 founded by a band of jiioneei's sent out by him, althouiih thephice was 
 captured by the JUitish in the War of 1812. In his " Astoria," Wash- 
 ington Irving records the facts connected with this project. Aster's 
 enterprise in the Northwest laid the foundation for claims of territory 
 by the United States which were subsequeutly recognized in treaty 
 with Great Britain. Astor became the largest owner of real estate 
 in New York City and the ricliest man in Anu-rica. He was the 
 founder of the Astor Libraiy, now merged in the New York Public 
 Library, Astor, Lenox, and Tilden foundations, be(jueathiug .1j!lOO,00(> 
 for this ])urpose. He also endowed the German Society of New York, 
 the Home for Aged Ladies, the Asylum for the Blind, the Half-orphan 
 Asylum, the German Reformed Congregation, and other institutions. 
 He also establisluMl a fund for the pooi- of his native village of 
 Walldorf. He was a patron of several literary men. Washington 
 Irving was an intimate friend, and one of the administrators of his 
 estate, while he is said to have suggested the founding of the Astor 
 Library. Fit/.-(4reene Halleck was for many years Aster's private 
 secretary, and was a beneficiary under his will. Dr. Cogswell, an- 
 other literary friend, was designated as the first superintendent of 
 Astor Library. Mr. Astor married, in 1786, Sarah Todd, aiid had 
 three sons and four daughters. The eldest sou, William B. Astor, 
 was residuary legatee under his father's will. The other two, Henry 
 and John Jacob Astor, died without issue. One of the daughters also 
 died unmarried. The eldest, Magdalen, nutrried, first, the Dauisli 
 Governor of the Island of Santa Cruz, Governor Bentzeu, and, second. 
 Rev. John Bristed, by whom she had a son, Charles Astor Bristed, Sr., 
 the well-kjuiwn author and poet. D(U-ot]iea married Walter Lang- 
 ihui, of New Hamiishire. Eliza married Count A'incent l!um]dT, of 
 Switzerland. 
 
 ASTOR, WILLIAM BACKHOUSE, who inherited the greater pait 
 of his father's enormous fortune, was bom in New Y'ork City. Sep- 
 tember 10, 17'J2, and died November 21, ]87.'). He attended the pul)- 
 lic schools of New York, spent two years at Heidelberg University, 
 and also for a time attended the University of Gottingen. He trav- 
 eled through Enro]ie in 1810, with the famous Baron Biinsen as his 
 futor. At the age of twenty-three he engaged in business with his 
 
68 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 fallxLT, and soon luauifested good executive ability. From 1815 to 
 1827 lie was Ms father's partner in the notable commercial house of 
 John Jacob Astor & Son. In 1827 lie became the first President of 
 the American Fur Compauv, but subsequently withdrew from the fur 
 business and confined himself exclusively to the large real estate in- 
 terests of the family. He inherited his father's fortune at the age of 
 fifty-six, having already inherited the fortune of his uncle, Henry 
 Astor, who also became a millionaire in New York. He was inter- 
 ested in the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company and various other 
 corporations. He gave more than half a million dollars to the Astor 
 Library, wliich liis father had established. He also endowed St. 
 Luke's Hospital. He married the daughter of General John Arm- 
 strong and Alida Livingston. Her father served in the Revolution 
 on the staff of General Gates, served in the War of 1812, published 
 the " Jsewburgh Letters " and a " Histoi-y of the War of 1812," was 
 Secretary of State and Adjutant-General of Pennsylvania, United 
 States Senator from the same State, Secretai-j' of War. and United 
 States Minister to France. He was the son of General John Arm- 
 strong, of the French and Indian War and the Revolution. His wife 
 was a niece of Chancellor Robert R. Livingston, and the daughter of 
 a grandson of the first Lord of Livingston Manor, by his wife Mar- 
 garet, daughter of Colonel Henry Beekman, of Dutchess County. 
 ^^■illianl B. Astor had three sons, the late John Jacob, William, and 
 Henry Astor, and three daughters — Mrs. Ward, Mrs. Carey, and Mrs. 
 Delano. The main par-t of his large estate was evenly divided be- 
 tween his two older sons. 
 
 ASTOR, JOHN JACOB, eldest son of the late William B. Astor, 
 and grandson of the original John Jacob Astor, was born in New- 
 York City, and died February 22, 1890, in his sixty-eighth year. Up- 
 on tlie death of his father he came into a life interest in one-half of the 
 immense residuary estate left by his parent, his brotlier, the late Will- 
 iam Astor, enjoying a similar interest, while the estate itselfwas to 
 descend in two equal portions to the children of the two brothers, and 
 be administered for them by trustees. Mr. Astor was educated at 
 Columbia College and traveled extensively abroad. He was an officer 
 in many impoi-tant financial corporations, a trustee of many philan- 
 thropic institutions, and was active in many public movements. He 
 was one of the incoi-porators of the New York Society for the Preven- 
 tion of Cruelty to Animals. He was also one of the most active sup- 
 porters of the Federal Government during the Civil War. He was 
 a Vice-President of the Union Square " Mass Convention " of April 
 20, 18fil, and was an original member of the Union Defense Commit- 
 tee, organized April 22, 18G1. During 1862 he also .served in the field 
 with the Army of the Potomac. Between 1879 and 1881 he added 
 a large wing to the Astor Library building, on Lafayette Place, pur- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK EIOGRAPHY. 69 
 
 eliasiug three lots for the purpose, and added a story to the central 
 building', at a cost of a quarter of a million dollars. The second 
 printed catalogue of the library was likewise- ])repared and issued at 
 his expense, the work costing about |40,000. He married Charlotte 
 Augusta Gibbes, of the old South Carolina family of that name, and 
 had a son, William Waldorf Astor. 
 
 ASTOR, WILLIAM, son of the late William R. Astor, and his heir, 
 jointly with his elder brotlier, the late J(dm Jacob Astor. was born 
 in New York City, July 12, 1820, and died April 25, 1S92. He was 
 graduated from Columbia College in 1840, and then traveled in Eu- 
 rope and the Orient. He ex^ilored the coast of h'lorida in his yacht 
 in 1873, and became interested in the affairs of that State. He ac- 
 cept»^<l the ])osition of aid on tiie staff of its Covernor. and organized 
 a gun scjuad which served against the Indians in the Everglades. He 
 built a railroad from St. Augustine to Palatka, and for this and other 
 services received large grants of lands froui the State The post- 
 offices of Astor and Armstrong, with Lake Schermerhorn, were named 
 in his honor. He refused the proposition to make him United States 
 Senator from Floi-ida. He- was a. prominent member of Trinity 
 Church, and gave §100,000 toward the erection of the Cathedral of St. 
 John the Divine. He was an officer of many of the principal financial 
 and philanthr()]tic coi]iorations of New York City, and a member of 
 the leading clubs. He married Caroline Webster Schermerhorn, of 
 the old New York family of that name. She survives him, with four 
 of tlieir five childi-en — the present John Jacob Astor, the only son, and 
 three daughters — Mrs. J. Roosevelt Roosevelt, Mrs. J. Coleunin Dray- 
 ton, and Mrs. Orme Wilson. Another daughter, Mrs. Van Allen, died 
 ]irior to the death of her father. Mrs. William Astor has long been 
 recognized as the most prominent leader of New York fashionable 
 society. 
 
 ASTOR, ^MLLIAJI WALD0R1'\ only son and heir of tlie late John 
 Jacob Astor, inherited one-half of the residuai-y e.state left by his 
 grandfather, AMlliam B. Astor. He was born in New York City, 
 March ol, 1848, and received his early education under private tutors, 
 one of whom was a Professor from the University of Marburg. He 
 entered the office of the Astor estate at the age of twenty-three, serv- 
 ing in each clerical depar-tment. In 1875 he was graduated from Co- 
 lumbia College Law School, Avhile he served one year Avith the well- 
 known law firm of Lord, Day & Lord. He was an executor of his 
 grandfather's estate, and managed his father's estate under power of 
 attorney. He became active in the Republican party in this city, and 
 served two terms in the New York Assembly and one in the New York 
 Senate. He was then a candidate for Congress, but failed of election. 
 By appointment of President Arthur, he was United States Minister 
 
70 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW VORK^ 
 
 to Itiily fidiu 1882 to 1885. Dviriu^ his residence at Koine lie made 
 a study of Italian medieval life, the fruit of this beins;' seen in his two 
 historical novels, "Valentino" and " Hforza," which attracted con- 
 siderable attention and wcit favorably received. In recent years he 
 lias resided in Enjiland, and for some years has been the proprietor of 
 the Pall Mall Gazcltc, and the proprietor, as he was the founder, of the 
 Pall Mull Gazette, which is conducted on the plan of the leadinjn illus- 
 trated literary n)a,i;azines in .\.iiierica. He is a trustee of the United 
 States Trust Company and of the New York Life Insurance and Trust 
 Company, is a member of the Board of ;\[ana,i;ers of the Delaware, 
 Lackawanna and "Western IJailroad Company, and is a director of the 
 Gallatin National I'ank, the Astor National Bank, the Farmers' Loan 
 and Trust Company, anil the Cnited New Jersey Eailroad and Canal 
 Companies, lie is a member of the Patriarchs, the Union, ^letropoli- 
 tau, I^nion Leaiiue, Tuxedo, Country, and other clubs. lie married, 
 in 1878, Mary Dahljiren Paul, of Pliiladeljiliia, by whom he has sons, 
 Waldorf and John Jacob Astor, and a dani^liter, Pauline. ^Irs. Astor 
 died a fcAV vears a"o. 
 
 AvSTOR, JOHN JACOB, fourth of this famous family in the United 
 States who has liorne this name, is tlie only son of the late William 
 
 Astor. His mother, )/" Caroline 
 Webster Schermerhoi n. has lon,2; 
 l)een the recoonized leader at hi.uh 
 social rnnclions in this citv and 
 New]>ort, P. I. Of an inventive turn 
 of mind, Mr. Astor has secured 
 several patents for inventions, nota- 
 ble annuifj; them beinii' the pneu- 
 matic road im]irovinii machine, which 
 may be utilized in bnildinL; mac- 
 adamized roa<ls or in keepinii' coun- 
 try roads free fiiuu dust. Lie is also 
 tlie author of a novel, in which sup- 
 pusiiitious triuin](lis of science are an 
 ini]Mutant feature. He served ui»on 
 the statT of liovernor Levi P. ^Morton, 
 with the rank of Colonel. DnriuL; the 
 recent war with Spain, he jiave the 
 Government free transportation for 
 troops o^'er the railroad of Avhicli he 
 is President, orjianized and defrayed 
 ail the expen.ses of the " Astiu' Battery," which distinyuislied itself in 
 the capture of ]\lanila. Philipi)ine Islands, and distin;Liiiished himself 
 at the capture of Santiajio, Cuba, as Aid-de-camp, with the rank of 
 Lieutenant-Colonel, on the staff of General Shaffer. Born Julv 13. 
 
 COLONEL .lOIiX .I.\COH .\STOR. 
 
l£XXVCLOPHDI.A OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 71 
 
 18G4, lie attended St. raul's Scliool iCouford, X. H. i and IIai\ard 
 Uuivei'sity, and then traveled extensively in Eni-()])e, indndinu, Turkey 
 and Greece, the Xorth Cape, and other nraisual points, followed by 
 toius of ('nba, Mexico, and the Ifocky iMonntain region. lie lias also 
 traveled widely in his steam yacht Xonrnialial. lie is a breeder of 
 hackneys and carriage h(n-ses at his country-seat, I'ernclitt-on-tlie-Hiid- 
 son. He is President of the Findlay, Fort Wayne and Western Kail 
 way Company, and is director or trnst(-e of the National I'ark I'.aidc, 
 the Second National Bank, the Plaza P.ank, the Astor National Itaidv, 
 the Mercantile Trust Company, the Title Guarantee and Trust Coni- 
 ])any, the New York Life Insurance and Trust Company, the Western 
 Union Telegraph (\>mpany, the Illinois Central JJailroad Comisany, 
 the Delaware and Hudson Railroad ("oinjiany, the St. Lawrence and 
 Adirondack Eailway Company, the Ann Arbor l{ailroa(l Company, 
 the Niagara Junction Lailway Comjtany, the ;\[ntnal Automatic 
 Telephone Company, the Cataract Construction Company, the Niag- 
 ara Development Comitany, and the Kider and Driver I'ublishing 
 Company. As the residuary legatee of his grandfather, he received one- 
 half of the great residuary estate of William P.. Astor, the other half 
 having descended to his cousin, William Waldorf Astoi', of London. 
 He was mariied, Febnmry 17, \X\)1, to Ava Lowle, daughter of Edward 
 S. Willing, of Philadelphia, whose family f(U*a century and a half has 
 been at the head of Philadel|dna society. They have several children. 
 
 FIELD, BENJAMIN HAZARD, was ou(> of the most eminent of 
 the merchant philanthropists of New V(U-k City. He contributed 
 generously to educational, religious, and benevolent interests. He 
 was President of the House for Incurables from its organizatiitn in 
 18(i(l until his death, Man h 17, 1S93, while he erected an Episcopal 
 Church upon its grounds. He was a trustee of the New York Dis- 
 pensary, of the New Y(u-k Institution for the Instruction of the Deaf 
 and Duml), of the Roosevelt Hospital, of the Children's F(dd, and 
 of the Sheltering Arms. He served as Preshlent of the St. Ni<diolas 
 Society, of which he was a life member. In 1885 he was elected Pres- 
 ident of the New York Historical Society, of which he was a life 
 member and for twenty years Treasurer. He was a trustee of the 
 American Museum of Natural History, and in 1859 became a life mem- 
 ber' of the American (ieographical Society. He was a life member 
 of the New York Chamber of Commerce, was Vice-President of the 
 Bank for Savings, and was a director of the I'ulton Bank, the Atlantic 
 Mutual Insurance Company, and the Greenwood Cemetery Com])any. 
 Born in Yorktown, Westchester County, -May 2, 1811, he was the 
 eldest sou of Hazard Field by his second wife, and descended from 
 Robert Field, an early settler of Flushing, L. L, of the English fam- 
 ily foumled by Hube'rtus de la Field, companion of the Comiueror. 
 He also descended from Thomas Hazard, who came to New England 
 
r.i HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 iu 1C3G from Lyme Regis, Dorsetshire, England, and from the found- 
 ers of tlie Burling and Bowne families of Long Island. After receiv- 
 ing an academic education he entered the ofiice of his uncle, llickson 
 W. Field, of New Yorlc City, who was prominent in tlie Cliina trade 
 and also conducted a wholesale drug business. He became a partner 
 in 1832 and succeeded to tlie business upon the retirement of his uncle 
 iu 1838. Mr. Field remained at the head of the house until 1865, 
 when he retired in favor of his son. He married Catherine M. Van 
 Cortlandt, daughter of Frederic de Peyster, Sr., grandfather of Gen- 
 eral J. Watts de Pe.yster and Frederic J. de Peyster, and had a son 
 and successor, Cortlandt de Peyster Field. 
 
 FIELD, CORTLANDT DE PEYSTER, under the firm style of 
 Cortlandt de Peyster Meld and Company since ISlio, has been head 
 of the mercantile house of which his late distinguished father, Ben- 
 jamin Hazard Field, was the head from 1838 to 1865, and a firm mem- 
 ber from 1832, and which was originally founded still earlier by his 
 granduncle, Hickson W. Field. He was born in this city December 
 28, 1839, was graduated from Columbia College in 1859, subsequently 
 receiving the degree of A.INL, and at once entered his father s office. 
 Like his father he has given liberally to educational and benevolent 
 institutions, and is an active member of the Episcopal Church. He 
 is executor of his father's estate, and is a member of the Mendelssohn 
 Glee Club, the Scientific Alliance, and the Columbia Alumni Asso- 
 ciation. In 1865 he married Virginia, daughter of the late John Will- 
 iam Hamersley and Catherine Livingston Hooker, and sister of James 
 Hooker Hamersley, of this city. They have no children. 
 
 BARCLAY, HENRY ANTHONY, born in Astoria, L. I., December 
 4, 1844, the son of the late Henry Barclay and Sarah Moore, is the 
 head of an illustrious family. He is the great-grandson of Rev. Henry 
 Barclay, a Yale graduate who was rector of Trinity Cliur( li. New York 
 City, from 1746 to 1T()4, ami his wife Mary, da\ighter of Anthony Rut- 
 gers; is the great-great-grandson of Rev. Thomas Barclay, pastor of 
 the Dutch Church of Albany, and of his wife, Dorothea, daughter of 
 Admii'al Andries Drauyer, of the Dutch navy; and is great-great- 
 great-grandsou of John Barclay, founder of the American family, 
 a brother of Robert Barclay, a proprietor and one of the governora 
 of East New Jersey, and a son of Colonel David Barclay, of Uvy, Laird 
 of Mathers, a, member of I'arliament and Governor of Strathbogie, 
 and of Ills wife, Catherine, daughter of Sir Robert Gordon and grand- 
 diiugliter of Alexander Gordon, titular Earl of Sutlierland. He is a 
 niciiil>er of the Union and ;\[ctropolitan clubs. He married Clara Old- 
 field, daughter of the late John Skinner Wright, head of the firm of 
 Wright, Maxwell & Company, and granddaughter of Hon. Robert 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 73 
 
 Wright, (lovernor of Maryland in 1800. They have three daughters 
 and two sons — Henry Anthony, Jr., and ^Vl•igllt Barclay. 
 
 FRENCH, FRANCIS ORMOND, from 1870 to 1873 was partner 
 in New York City of the banking firm of Jay Cooke & Company', and 
 New York representative of the London firm of Jay Cooke, McCul- 
 lough & Company. With other capitalists he acquired control of the 
 First National Bank of this city in 1871, and was active in its manage- 
 ment. From 1888 until his death in 1893 he was President of the 
 Manhattan Trust Company. He was prominent in the funding of 
 United States loans. He was a trustee of PJiillips Exeter Academy, 
 and for two years was President of the Harvard Club of this city. 
 He attended Phillips Exeter Academy, w^as graduated from Harvard 
 in 1857, from Harvard Law School in 1859, studied law with Thomas 
 Nelson, of New Y'ork City, and was admitted to the New York Bar 
 in 1860. He began practice at Exeter, N. H., and married Ellen, 
 daughter of Amos Tuck, of that city, who was a member of Congress 
 from 1847 to 1853, and Naval OfHcer of tlie Port of Boston from 1861 
 to 18G5. Mr. French was appointed Dejiuty Naval Officer of tlie Port 
 of Boston in 1862, and in 1863 became Deputy Collector. In 1865 he 
 entered the firm of Samuel A. Way & Company, bankers of Boston. 
 He presently founded the Boston banking fii-m of Foote & French, and 
 in 1870 removed to New Y'ork. Born in Chester, N. H., in 1837, he 
 was the son of Benjamin B. French and Elizabeth Smith, daughter 
 of Chief Justice William Merchant Ri<-hardson, of New Hampshire. 
 Beniamin B. French was Clerk of the House of Representatives from 
 1815 to 1817, and by appointment of Lincoln Commissioner of Build- 
 ings in Washington, D. C, from 1861 to 1865. Associated with Pro- 
 fessor Morse in developing the telegraph, he was President of the 
 Magnetic Telegrapli Company. Daniel French, of Chester, N. H., 
 served several terms as Attorney-General of New Hampshire. The 
 first American ancestor, Edward French, emigrated from England 
 to Ipswich, Mass., in 1636, and subsequently settled at Salisbury, 
 i\rass. 
 
 FRENCH, AMOS TUCK, only son of the late Francis Ormond 
 French, is Vice-President of the iManhattan Trust (^ompauy, having 
 been its secretary from 1888 to 1893, when his father was its president. 
 He was graduaied from Harvard College, and is a member of the 
 Union, Metropolitan, Knickerbocker, Tuxedo, Racquet, Players'. Har- 
 vai'd, and New York Yacht clubs. He resides at Tuxedo Park, N. Y. 
 
 DE LANCE Y, EDWARD FLOYD, for a great many years engaged 
 in the practice of law in New York City, has been actively identified 
 with many historical organizations and has idiblished many histori- 
 cal and biographical works. He was Presiihuit of the New York 
 
74 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Geuealogical aud Bio.ni-apbical Societ}^ from 1873 to 1877; was Presi- 
 dent of the ^Yestellester County Historical Boeietv from 1874 to 1S79; 
 in 1880 and 1881 was President of the 8t. Nicliolas .Society, and since 
 ]S8!» lias been ( V)rrespoudiui>- Secretary of the New York Historical 
 Society, and is a member of its executive committee. He published 
 a memoir of Chief Justice James de Lancey in 1851; " The Capture 
 of Fort Washiuj^lon the K'esult of Treason," in 1877; in 1879 memoirs 
 (d' James W. Beekman and Chief Justice William 
 Allen, of Pennsylvania, while he was editor of 
 Jones's " History of New York During- the Eevo- 
 lutionary War," which appeared the same year; 
 edited '' Secret Corres])oudence <jf Sir Henry Clin- 
 ton," Avhi( h appeared as a serial in the Mar/azine 
 (jf Aiiicrictiii /fi.slDri/ in 188:M, and in 188G ]>ub- 
 r... , .x,.,, , „, lished " ( )rinin and Historv of Manors in the Prov- 
 
 DK LANCKY ARMS. . ■ ■ 
 
 nice of New Y'ork," and " History of Mamaroneck, 
 New York." Born in ^Nfamaroneck, X. Y., October 23, 1821, he at- 
 tended the ITniversity ot I'ennsylvania, was i;raduated from Hobait 
 College in 1853, and from Harvard Law School in 18-t5. He has trav- 
 eled in British America, Euroi>e, Egyiit, and Asia ]\Iinor. He is the 
 son of Bishoj) AMlliam Heathcote de Lan<t'y and I'rances, daughter 
 of Peter Jay Munro, is fourth in descent from ( 'hief Justice James de 
 Lancey and fifth from the oi-iginal I'^tienne, or Stephen, de Lancey, 
 and his wife Ann, second daughter of Stephanus ^'an Cortlaudt, of 
 Cortlandt Manor. Among his ancestoi's were Colonel Caleb Heathcote, 
 L(n-(1 of Scarsdale ^Maiior, Judge and Mayor of New York City; Colonel 
 Richard Floyd, of Long Island; Dr. Henry Munro, last English Kector 
 of St. Peter's, Albany, and Peter Jay, father of Chief Justice John 
 Jay. He still owns tlie old Heathcote estat<' at ^lamaroneck. He 
 maiTied Jose])]due ^latilda, dauglitci- of William S. de Zeng, of 
 Geneva, N. Y., and gianddaughter of Baron Frederick A. de Zeng, 
 Ca])tain of a Saxon IJi^giment in tiie British service during the Revo- 
 lution, and has living one son, Edward Etienne de Lancey, one of the 
 engineers engaged on the Croton Aqueduct. 
 
 GEINNELL, MUSES HICKS, was one of the most eminent of the 
 great New Y'ork merchants during the half century from about 1825 
 to 1873. He was born in New Bedford, Mass., March 23, 1803, aud 
 died in this city, November 24. 1877. His father, Cornelius Griunell, 
 was a slapping merchant of New Bedford, aud lineally descended 
 from Matthew Griunell, of Huguenot descent, who immigrated to New 
 England in l(i32, and in 1G38 became one of the founders of Newport, 
 E.I. In 1815 Joseph Grinnell, the eldest of three brothers who be- 
 came prominent New Y'ork merchants, removed from New Bedford 
 to this city and became a member of the firm of Fish & Grinnell, ship- 
 ping merchants. Ills brothers, Henry and Moses Hicks, having en- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF Ni'W YORK BIOGRAPHY. 75 
 
 tert'il tlie Unn iu 1825, Joseph i)rcsciitly retired. lu 1S2S tlie two 
 I youugei' brothel's, with the late Kobert I'.. .Mintiirn, organized the 
 j famous house of Griunell & Minturu. I'lior to the Civil ^Val■ tliey 
 I owued about tifty vessels, and were the largest shipi)ing merchants in 
 I America. They established jiacket lines to Liverpool and London. 
 ! Heni'y (irinncll oi'ganized ilic Arctic expedition to search for Sir 
 
 John Franklin in 1S.">(I. ami joined with (ieorge l'eabo<ly in organizing 
 
 the expedition of IS.");!. .Moses Hides (Jrinnell \Aas especially jironu- 
 I nent in jjublic affairs, however, lie was tlie eigliteenth I'resident of 
 
 the Xew York < 'handler of Commerce, and was long President of the 
 
 I'hu.'ui.Y Uank, having been elected to tins jiosition in ISoS. Hi' was 
 i also elected to Congress as a \\ liig in 18:!^. In 185<) he was a I're- 
 
 mout Presidential Elector-at-Large. He was one of tlie founders of 
 j the Union League Club, and during the (_'ivil War a member of the 
 
 Union Defense Committee, of this city. He was a Commissioner of 
 . Charities and Correction of Xew York City from 18G0 to 18()r). He be- 
 j came Collector of the l*ort of Xew York by appointment of President 
 j Grant in 1869. He married, in is:5(;, Julia Irving, niece of Washing- 
 I ton Irving, and had a sou — Irving Griunell, of this city, and two 
 I daughters — ^Mrs. George S. Bowdoin, of Xew York, and Mrs. Thomas 
 
 F, Cushing, of Boston. 
 
 I GIUXXELL, IKYIXG, Treasurer of iIli' Clnircli Temperance 
 i Society, is the son of the late Moses Hicks Grinnell, one of the most 
 j eminent of X^ew York merchants. He was horn in this city, August 
 j 9, 1839, and was educated at <'olumbia College. In 18C)3 he married 
 > Joanna Dorr, daughter of < Jardiuer ( 1. Ilowland and Louisa Meredith, 
 and a descendant of John Howland of the Mayflower. He is a mem- 
 lier of the XcAV York Yaclit and Hndson Liver Ice Yacht clubs. 
 
 j HAMEKSLEY, JOHN WILLIAM, during the last generation the 
 I bead of the welhknown X"ew York familj^ of this name, was born May 
 i 24, 1808, in Hanover Square, at tluit time one of the most fashioimble 
 I quarters of Xew York City, and died at his residence on Fifth Avenue, 
 June 7, 1889. He was graduated from Columbia College in 182(), 
 traveled extensively in all parts of the world, was bred to the law and 
 successfully practiced at tlie l)ar in Xew York <Mty for s(nne years, 
 and subse(|uent1y retired to manage the large family estates, and to 
 occnjiy liiiiiself as a litterateur and as a jiatron (d' literary, scientitic, 
 and artistic interests in Xew Y'ork City. 'Hie brilliant way in whicdi 
 he made his liome the weekly rendezvous of intellectuality in all 
 departments of activity, bringing togvtliei- in the most happy spirit 
 of good fellowship the celebrities of the world, will ever remain one 
 of the notable and pleasing features of tlie literary and social his- 
 tory of the City of Xew York. ^\hrn lie i)assed away there was no one 
 left wiio iiad tlie (lualiflcations, if tiiere was any one in tlie city wiio 
 
76 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 had the spirit, to successfully emulate his example. Writes Brevet 
 Maj()r-(Jeneral J. Watts de Peyster: "At his Friday evening gather- 
 ings, in what he styled his * den,' veritable Noctes Atticae, were assem- 
 bled some of the most remarkable men of the daj in every branch of 
 art and science, military, naval, philosophical, etc., professionals as 
 well as laics, representatives of every branch of business and evei-y 
 kind of specialism; nor were the reverend clergy wanting, of all ranks 
 In the church hierarchy, and ability of every evangelical belief. . . . 
 These Xnctoi Attirne, or Anibrosianae, can be most justly and truth- 
 fully compared to those famous gatherings in certain Parisian salons, 
 where brilliant companies assembled around bright hosts and thereby 
 rendered the anipliytrion as renowned as the guests and their tour- 
 nauKMits of wit and intellect, i^uch asseml)lages as those of Mr. Ham- 
 erslev re(]uired in tlie host peculiar talents and cnnsummate tact to 
 make them a triuiiii)liaiit sei'ies of successes, such as they are univer- 
 sally acknowledged to have been. 
 These delightful Friday evenings, 
 which continued year after year 
 without the slightest eclipse or 
 shadow, are not likely to find paral- 
 lels in New York." Mr. Hamers- 
 ley planned a notable banquet in 
 New York City as a demonstration 
 ill faAor of Mexico at the time Avhen 
 Napoleon III. sought to seat the 
 Emperor ^laximilian, and as a re- 
 sult, Congress was moved to recog- 
 nize the Mexican Kepublic, other 
 countries following, and the plot of 
 the French was defeated. In re- 
 turn, the Mexican 3Iinister to the 
 United States pledged his govern- 
 ment to ;Mr. Ilamersley to spare the 
 life of ilaximilian, but popular pas- 
 sion defeated the intention. Mr. 
 Hamersley was a member of Grace Church. In early life he had been 
 Colonel of one of the city military regiments. He mariied ( 'atlierine 
 Livingston, daughter of Hon. James Hooker, of Poughkeepsie, N. Y., 
 by whom he had one son, the present James Hooker Hamersley, and 
 four daughters. The youngest of these died in infancy. The other 
 three are Virginia, wile of Cortlandt de Peyster Field; Helen Eeade, 
 wife of diaries I). Stickney, Jr., and Catherine Livingston, wife of 
 John Henrv Livincston. 
 
 .loH.N \V. HA.MKKSLKY. 
 
 HAIMFKSLEY, JAIMFS HOOKER, only son of the late John Will- 
 iam Hanu'i-sley, and the present head of the family, was born in New 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 77 
 
 York City January 26, 18.14. He was oarefully edueated, traveling 
 extensively as a boy. At the age of twelve lie bad visited nearly all 
 the capitals of Europe, had seen several crowned heads, and had been 
 presented to Pope Pius IX. He was graduated from Columbia Col- 
 lege in 1865, delivei"ing an oration at the commencement exex'cises. 
 He studied law, entering the ottice of the late James W. Gerard, and 
 also attending Columbia College Law School. He was graduated 
 from the latter and admitted to the bar, while for ten years he actively 
 followed his profession. He has since devoted himself to the care of 
 the Hamersley estates, to literary occupation, and the discharge of 
 social obligations. He has been prominently identihed with the re- 
 form wing of the Eepublican party in this city, and was a delegate 
 to the State Couveutiou at Rochester in 1877. He was chietly instru- 
 mental in the election of William Waldorf Astor to the State Assem- 
 bly' some years ago, having been the original nominee of the Republi- 
 can party, and withdrawing in favor of ilr. Astor. He is a conUibu- 
 tor to periodical literature and a poet. His best known poems are 
 " Yellow Eoses," " The Countersign," " Ronkonkoma," " Fog Cur- 
 tain," " Masconomo," " The Midnight Sun,'' and '' Voice of the Break- 
 ers." He was for man3' years a director of the Knickerbocker Fire 
 Insurance Company-, is Vice-President of the I'abies Hospital, is a 
 member of the Board of Managers and of the Executive Committee 
 of the Y'oiing Men's Christian Association (Twent.y-third Street 
 Branch), and for many years has been connected with the Society 
 for Seamen in the Port and Harbor of New York. He is I'resident of 
 the Knickerbocker Bowling Chib, and a member of the Metropolitan, 
 University, City, and Badminton clubs, and the St. Xicholas Society, 
 the Columbia College Alumni Association, the Society of Colonial 
 Wars, the Sons of the Revolution, the American Geographical So- 
 ciety, and the New York Law Institute. He married, April 30, 1888, 
 Margaret Willing, daughter of William Edings Chisholm, of a distin- 
 guished South Carolina family. Of their three children, the eldest, 
 Margaret Rogers, died in infancy, wliile two survive, a daughter, 
 Catherine Livingston, and a son, Louis Gordon Hamersley. Mrs. 
 Hamersley is a descendant of Frederick Augustus Muhlenberg, Presi- 
 dent of the first House of Representatives of the United States, and a 
 brother of Genei-al Muhlenberg of the Revolution. She is the grand- 
 niece of Rev. William Augustus Muhlenberg, the founder of St. Luke's 
 Hospital of this city. She is granddaughter of the late John Rogers, 
 j an eminent citizen and large real estate owner in New Yoi-k City, in 
 j whose memory his widow erected the Church of the Holy Communion 
 ; of this city upon land donated by her. Mv. Hamersley is himself of 
 distinguished antecedents, being in the eleventh generation from Rich- 
 ard Hamersley, High Bailiff of Stafford, England, and in the eighth 
 generation from Sir Hugh Hamersley, Lord Mayor of London in 1627. 
 His great-great-grandfather, William Hamersley, was an ofQcer in the 
 
78 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Bi-itisli >.'av\ win. jscttk'd iu ^ew Yuik ( 'it v iu 17i(i and became a pros- 
 perous inereliant. He was a Yestrymau of Trinity Cliurcb, aud mar- 
 ried Miss Yiin Briiiil), of tlie old Diitcdi family of that name. His sou, 
 Andrew Haniersley, great-jirandfatber of Mr. Hamersley, was a phil- 
 anthropist as well as a well-known merchant of Xew York. He was 
 an Alderman of the city, a \'estryman of Trinity Chtirch, and one of 
 the incorporators and tirst liovernors of the Lyinji-in Hospital of Xew 
 York City. He married [Margaret Stelle, granddaughter of Hon. 
 ThomasGordon.one of the I,ords Proprietors of East Jersey,and great- 
 granddaughter of t^ir (ieorge (lordon. Mr. Hamersley's grandfather, 
 Lewis Carrt? Hamersley, was also a merchant, and Avas interested in 
 many of the leading financial institutions of Xew York City. He mar- 
 ried Elizabeth Finney, of a prominent family of Accomac County, 
 Va. His two sons were Andrew (iordon Hamersley, father of the 
 late Lewis Carre Hamersley, and John William Hamersley, father 
 
 of the present JauH-s Hooker Ham- 
 ersley. Having no children, upon 
 bis death in ISSS, Lewis Carre 
 Hamersley left the income from the 
 large estate inherited from his 
 father to his widow, now the Duch- 
 ess of ^larlborough, while upon her 
 death the entire property reverts to 
 the male heirs of Mr. James Hooker 
 Hamersley. Through his mother, 
 daughter of Hon. James Hooker, of 
 Poughkeepsie, X. Y., the latter 
 also descends from the famous Kev. 
 Thomas Hooker, of Connecticut; 
 John l\eade, after whom was named 
 Red Hook, on the Hudson, and 
 Hon. Josejjh Eeade, after whom 
 was named Reade Street, Xew York 
 ( 'ity. Other ancestors of Mr. Ham- 
 ersley were Robert Livingston, first 
 lord of Livingston Manor; Captain Filyp Pieterse "S'an l?>chuyler; Hon. 
 Brant Arentse Yan ?!chlichtenhorst, (Governor of the Colony of Rens- 
 selaei-wyck in KUS. and Henry Reekman, patentee under Queen Anne 
 for an immense tract of land in Dutchess C(Hintv, X'. Y. 
 
 .JAMES IIOOKKK HAMKRSLKV. 
 
 ABEEL. JOHX HOWARD, iron merchant, with his brother. 
 George Abeel. is at the head of a business which was established by 
 his great-grandfather, ^lajor (Jarret Abeel, a Revolutionary patriot, 
 iu ITC)."). He is a member of the St. Xicholas, X'^ew York Athletic, 
 Liederkranz, and Xassau Boat clubs, the St. Xicholas Society, and 
 the Seventh Rei;iment Yeteran Association. He donated to tlie Sev- 
 
i:XCYCLOPEDIA OF XEW YORK F.IOGKAPHV. Til 
 
 entb Eegimeut the Abed jiri/.c Inr ritlc iiraetice. lie is niimarrie<l. 
 Born in this city in 1S4(I. lie is The sou of tlie late John Howard Abeel 
 and Enieline. daughter of tlie hite Dr. .T(din <\ Stobel. He attended 
 Dr. ("hai-h's Antlion's famous scjiool. and at the age of eighte<^u en- 
 tered liis fatliei's hiisiiH'ss as a (lei'k. subsequently bccmuing a 
 partner. 
 
 LOIULLAIJD. riEEKE. head of The famous tobaccn mauufactory 
 of 1'. Lcirillard. is known in both heniis])lieres as one of The notable 
 breeders and owners (if tlKUoughbred horses. A sensation was cre- 
 ated some yeais ago when his Amei-ican horse. " lro(|uois." won the 
 English Deiby. I'or many years he has devoted mm-h of his time to 
 racing in England. By the French (tovernnumt he was made a Chev- 
 alier of The Legion of Honor, and in 1.S,S3 was made an ofdcer of That 
 order, in i-ecognition (d" his co-operation in titting ouT The Two (''liarney 
 archieological expeditions To explore The aucieuT ciTies of YucaTan 
 and Central America. He is also the founder of Tuxedo Dark. He 
 is a member of the I'atri;ir(dis, and of the Fnioii. Knickerbocker. Bac- 
 quet. and New York Yacht clubs. He mai-ried, in 1858. Emily, daugh- 
 ter of Dr. Isaac E. Taylor, of this city, one of the founders of Bellevue 
 Hospital ^ledical College, and has a son, Pierre Lorillard, Jr., and 
 two daughters, Mrs. ^Villiam Kent and ^Mrs. Thomas Suffern Taller. 
 Another son. Griswold N. Lorillard, died unmarried at the age of 
 twenty-tive. Born October 13. 18:'>:>, Pierre Lorillard. Sr., is the eldest 
 child (d' the late Peter Lorillard and Catherine, daughter of Nathaniel 
 L. Griswold, is the grandson of Peter A. Lorillard. who married a 
 daughter of Major Schultz, of the Continental army, and with his 
 brother, (Jeorge Lorillard. established The Tobacco manufacTory of 
 which his grandson is uoav proprieTor, and is greaT-grandson (d' IVTer 
 Lorillard, of I'rench HuguenoT descent, who emigraTed To Tlus coun- 
 try from Holland, settled in Hackensack. X. J., and was killed by the 
 Hessians during the Bevolution. 
 
 EGLEST( )X, TH( >.MA>^ JEFFEBSOX, for more than a quarter of a 
 century a prominent merchant of Xew Y'ork City, was born in Lenox, 
 Mass., in 1800, and died in this city in 1S<>1. He married in 1S28, 
 Sarah Jesup Stebbins, and liad live sons who reached maturity — 
 David S., well-known iron merchant; Thomas, distinguished professor 
 of Columbia College; William Couch, railroad director; George Wash- 
 ington, and the late Henry Paris Egleston. He was the son of Major 
 Azariah Egleston, of Lenox, INIass., who rose to the rank of Lieutenant 
 in the ilassachusetts line during the Revolution; participated in the 
 battles of Bunker Hill, the Cedars, Trenton, and Princeton, with the 
 Canadian campaign atid the Valley I'orge experience; was Aid to 
 General Paterson, with rank of Major, in J^hay's Rebellion: was a 
 founder of the Societv of the Cincinnati; for thirty years was Justice 
 
80 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 of the Peace aud was Deputy to the General Court, State Senator, and 
 Associate Justice of tlie Court of Sessious. The founder of tlie family 
 in America, Bagot Eglestou, was boru in Exeter, Devonsliire, in 1590, 
 mariied in England Mary Talcott, of Braintree, Essex; arrived in 
 Boston in IGoO; was made a Freeman of Dorchester in 1631, and sub- 
 sequently remo\ed to Windsor, Conn. 
 
 EGLESTON, 1)A\'ID S., eldest surviving son of the late New York 
 merchant, Thomas Jefferson Eglestou, has himself been for more than 
 half a century successfully engaged as an iron merchant of this city. 
 He is a trustee of the Seaman's Bank for Savings and is a director of 
 the Bank of America and the Hanover Fire Insurance Company. He 
 is a member of the Union, Metropolitan, and New York Yacht clubs, 
 the Century Association, the Downtown Association, and the New 
 England Society. He Avas boru in 1830, and engaged in business at an 
 early age. He married Fannie Hawley. 
 
 EGLESTON, THOMAS, liaving been graduated from Yale College 
 and from the School of Mines of Paris, France, became the founder 
 of the Columbia University School of Mines of this city, and has been 
 its professor of mineralogy and metallurgy from January, 1861, to 
 the present time. Says the " ^Memorial History of New York " (lY., 
 p. 430) : " In March, 1863, Thomas Eglestou, a recent graduate of the 
 Ecole des ]\Iines of Paris, prepared a ' plan for a school of mines aud 
 metallurgy in New York City," in which he succeeded in interesting 
 the trustees of Columbia, so that they consented to establish such a 
 branch of the college on condition of its not being a burden upon 
 the funds of the college." Professor Eglestou is a meuiber of the Gro- 
 lier Club, the Century Association, the Scientific Alliance, the Sons 
 of the Kevolutiou, the Society of Colonial Wars, and the Yale Alumni. 
 He is also an ofHcer of the Legion of Honor of France. His wife was 
 a Miss MoYickar. 
 
 EGLESTON, WILLIAM COUCH, one of several brothers who 
 have long been prominent in the business, social, and educational life 
 of New York City, is the son of the late merchant, Thomas Jeffereon 
 Eglestou. He was born in 1839, is a graduate of Yale College, and 
 has been active in connection with railroad securities. He is at pres- 
 ent a director of the Cleveland and Pittsburg Ixailroad Company, the 
 Pittsburg, Fort Wayne and Cliicago Kailroad Company, and the 
 Massillon and Cleveland Railroad. He is a member of the Union and 
 Metropolitan clubs and the Yale Alumni. 
 
 SCHURZ, CARL, formerly United States Senator from Missouri 
 and Secretary of the Interioi-, has been a resident of New York City 
 since 1880. For some years he was editor of the New York Evening 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 81 
 
 Post, aud has been prominent in reform movements and as a speaker 
 on important public occasions. He is a director of the Germania Life 
 Insurance Company, the Sprague Electric Company, the Interior Con- 
 duit and Insulation Company, and the Witte Water Placer Company. 
 He was born in Liblar, Prussia, March 2, 1829, and was educated at the 
 Gymnasium of (Cologne and the University of Bonn. Ilaviuy, contrib- 
 uted toward the Kevolution of 1848 as a journalist, forced to tlee from 
 Bonn, he joined the Bevolutionary Army in Southern (Jermany and 
 helped defend Bastadt. He escaped into SAvitzerland upon its cap- 
 ture, but secretly returned and succeeded in liberating a friend from 
 the fortress of Spandau on the night of November 0, 1852. lie was 
 Paris correspondent of several < Jernian newspajiers, taught languages 
 in London, emigrated to Philadelphia, and in 1855 settled in Madison, 
 Wis., where he soon became active in support of the Bepublican party. 
 His s[)eeches in his nati\e tongui^ aroused the (icrman element against 
 slavery. In 1857 he was the unsuccessful Bepublican candidate for 
 Lientenant-(TOvei-nor of Wisconsin. He took part in the Lincoln- 
 Douglas vSenatorial debate in IlliTiois, making liis first si^eech in Eng- 
 lish. He was practicing law in ^lihvaukee when President Lincoln 
 appointed him United States ^finister to Sjiain. In December, 1801, 
 however, he resigned, returning from S]>ain to go to the front. In 
 April, 1862, he became Brigadier-General of A'olunteers in command 
 of a division of the corps of General Lranz Siegel. He distinguished 
 himself at the second battle of Bull Bun, and ilay 11, 18((o, was coni- 
 missioned Major-General of Volunteers, commanding a division of 
 General O. O. Howard's coi'jjs. He ]iartici])ated at Chancellorsville, 
 Gettysburg, Fredericksburg, and Clialtanooga. After the war Pres- 
 ident Johnson sent him through the South to report on the work of 
 the Freedman's Bureau. In 18(;8 he was temporary Chairman of the 
 convention which nominated (Jrant for the Presidency. From 1860 
 to 1875 he was United States Senator from Missouri. He stood with 
 Charles Sumner in o])posing some of Grant's measures, and jtresided 
 over the convention \Ahicli nominated Horace Greeley for President 
 in 1872. He favorc^l the resumption of specie payments, and opposed 
 the retention of United States troops in the South. He sui)]iorted 
 Hayes in 1876, and entered his cabinet as Secretary of the Interior. 
 He introduced competitive examinations and provided for the protec- 
 tion of the forests on the publie domain. From the close of tlie admin- 
 istration until 1881 he was editor of the New York Eiriiiiig Post. He 
 actively supported Grover Cleveland for President in 1881, 1888, aud 
 1892. He has published " Speeches " ( 18()1), " Life of Henry Clay " 
 (18871, and "Abraham Lincoln: An Essay" (1891). 
 
 ANDBEWS, LOIHNG, born in Windham, X. Y., January 2L 1799. 
 having learned the trade of a tanner and become his employer's ]iart- 
 uer, in 1829 established himself in the leather business in New ^ork 
 
82 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 City, lu 1832 lir Ikmjiiiic the i>;ii-tiit'i- of ^\■illi;lln Wilsou, Gideon 
 Lee, and Sliepherd l\ii;i|t]>, Iml duriiit; the ii;inic nf 1837 tlie firm 
 failed. Tlciiinninfi anew, .Mi-. Aiidri'ws nc(iuiivd a lariic fortune and 
 made many investment!^ in city real estate. The leather firm of Lor 
 ing' Andrews & Company, which he organized in 18(>1, became one of 
 the most ]iromiin'nt honses in liie trade. Tie was a fonn(h'r and tiie 
 first Tresident of the Shoe and Leather Bank, a fonnder and tlie first 
 President of the Globe Life Insurance Company, and a founder and 
 original director of the :\Ie(dmnics' Bank. He gave .ijiKMI.OUO to found 
 professorships in the Cniversity of New York. He married in ISSO 
 Blandina B., daughter of Rev. James B. Hardenburgh, D.D., and had 
 a daughter and six sons — William r.oring, James B., Constant A., 
 Loriug. Jr., Walter S., and Clarence Andrews. Loring Andi-ews, Sr., 
 died in this city Jannaiy 22, 187r>. He descended from William An- 
 drews, one of 1 lie founders of \ew TLiven in 1038. 
 
 ANDREWS, (CONSTANT A., President of the United States Realty 
 Comi)any, President of the Elklun-n Valley Coal Land Com])any, and 
 President of the United States Savings Bank, is the son of the late 
 Loring Andrews, leather merchant, and one of tlie most prominent 
 busitiess men of the city of his day, and is lineally descended from 
 William Andrews, one of tlie founders of the New Haven Colony in 
 1(529, and the builder of its first (diurcli. ^Ir. Andrews was born on 
 Barclay Street, attended the Columbia College Grammar School, and 
 comitieted his education in fiermany. Returning to this city when 
 eighteen years of age, upon the outbreak of the Civil War, he joined 
 with the late Colonel Frank E. Howe in establishing a hospital for 
 sick and wounded soldiers at the corner of Broadway and Joiin Street. 
 Later on he volunteered, joining the troops on the Pamunky River. 
 Subsequently, for about ten years, he was associated in his father's 
 mercantile and real estate interests, and after his death with his 
 brother, William, closed up the leather business in 1879, retiring from 
 that trade. He spent a few years abroad, and returning established 
 himself as a private banker. Upon the organization of the United 
 State.s Savings Bank he became its President, while he subseciuently 
 became chief executive of the other important corporations mentioned 
 above. He is a member of the Chamber of Commerce, Treasurer of 
 the New York City Mission and Tract Society, ami Treasurer of the 
 Charity Organization Society. He is a charter member of the INfan- 
 Lattan Chib and was first Treasurer of the Reform Club. 
 
 GOULD, JAY, was perhaiis the im)St conspicuous figure in the 
 history of American finance. He was born in Roxbury, Delaware 
 County, N. Y., May 27, 183(), and while he attended the local schools 
 and sennnaries between the ages of five and sixteen, he Mas largely 
 self-read and self-educated. He became his father's partner in a 
 liardware store at Roxburv in the wintcu' of 18.")1, and sticcessfullv 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 83 
 
 iiiaiiiii^ed llic entire business, inolndinji all jnircliases from whole- 
 sale firms at Albany and New York Citr. At the same time he 
 became pioticient at surveyinji throni;h seU'-study, and the follow- 
 ing spring and summer was engaged in surveying Ulster Connty, 
 K. Y., prepaiatory to the jmhlication of a map. His emi)loyer 
 failing, with tAX'o fellow employees he ac(|nired the business an<l 
 Piieeessfully rariied through the iiroject. I'vom this time until 1S."i(; 
 he made actual surveys of the ground for maps of the town of Co- 
 hoes and the counties of Albany, Sullivan, ami Delaware, of this 
 State; sket(died and ])ublislied ma]>s for the same; collecled data for 
 his "History of Delawaic ("onnty"; turned the manuscri])t in to 
 his riiiladid])hia ](idilisher in the spring of lSr>r>, ami, receiving word 
 of its destruction by tire, i-e-wrote the history with sm-h ra]iidity 
 that it was ]>ublisiied in Seitleudier following; undertook and directed 
 expeditions for the sur\'e_\- of 
 counties iti Ohio and Michi- 
 gan, and personally surveyed 
 the route for the railroad be- 
 tween Newburg and Syr- 
 acuse, and for the Albany 
 and IMuscaynna ])lank road. 
 These exertions, which re- 
 quired about twenty hours 
 out of each twenty-four, jiros- 
 trated him with tyi)lioid fever 
 and ]>neuinonia. With the 
 capital of |r),0(l(l thus ac- 
 <|uired he launched a success- 
 ful tanning enteri)rise at 
 (iouldsboro. Pa. He founded 
 this community, built mills 
 and stores in addition to tlie 
 large tannery, constructed 
 a plank road, established a 
 stage route, erected a school- 
 house, and secured postal 
 
 facilities, receiving the appointment as postmaster. Ue formed 
 a partnership with the New Y'ork City h-ather tirni of Leiipp & 
 Lee, which became heavily indebted to him through loans made 
 by him and the signing of the tirm's paper. Some months sub- 
 sequent to the (h-ath of Mr. Leupp. unable to secure an account- 
 ing, he held some of the hides of Leupp & Lee as security. Dur- 
 ing his absem-e in New York, Lee appeared at (iouhlsboro and 
 seized the tanneiy, discharging (Jould's men. Upon his return, 
 these and the m-ighboring farmers init rnemselves at Could's serv- 
 ice, and, at the liead of a stornnng party, he retook the tannery, 
 
 .7AY COIH.D. 
 
84 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 and subsequeutly defeated bis opponent at every point iu the courts. 
 Mr. Gould was slandered through the public prints on account of this 
 affair, but the complete documentary evidence which has come to 
 light demonstrates that the attempt at wrong — at robbery, in fact 
 — was entirely on the side of his slanderers, while Gould honestly 
 met all his obligations on this as on all other occasions. When 
 he disposed of this business he had amassed a considerable fortune. 
 In 1860 he acquired a controlling interest in the Rutland and Wash- 
 ington llailroad, its tirst mortgage bonds having fallen to ten cents 
 on the dollar as a result of the financial panic of 1857. Gould be- 
 came President, Treasurer, and General Superintendent of this road, 
 developed the local traffic all along the line, and finally consoli- 
 dated it with several small roads, creating the Eensselaer and Sara- 
 toga Railroad, the stock of which he disposed of at 120. He was 
 now able to acquire a controlling interest in the Cleveland and 
 Pittsburg, the stock of which lie purchased at an average of 70. He 
 similarly developed its local i-esources and made valuable alliances 
 Avhich enabled him to lease the road to the Pennsylvania system. 
 He then disposed of his stock at a large profit. His connection with 
 the Erie was next in order of time, but we will defer reference to it 
 for a moment. Following hi.s connection with the Erie, Gould be- 
 gan to buy the stock of the Union Pacific at a time when it was at 
 the verge of bankr\iptcy and selling at 30 and less. While he was 
 buying it continued to decline to 15, but he kept on until the 
 tide turned. He found bonds to the amount of ten million dollars 
 due in a few months, and the directors at the point of selecting a 
 receiver. He inspired coui-age, and met one-half of these bonds 
 himself, while the other directors raised the other half between 
 them. He went along the line, started coal mines, and developed 
 other resources. The road soon began to jsay dividends and the 
 stock rose to nearly 80. In February, 1879, he sold one hundred thou- 
 sand shares of the stock at an average of 70 to a syndicate of in- 
 vestors, and a little later sold a like amount at still better figures. 
 The stock continued to rise until it reached a point twenty per cent, 
 higher than ^[r. Gould's selling price. His motives were twofold, as he 
 himself expressed them before the ITnited States Senate Commission 
 of 1883, which was investigating for sociological purposes : " There 
 seemed to aiise all at once on the part of the public a great outcry 
 that it was ' Jay Gould's road.' However, I thought it was better 
 to bow to public opinion, so I took an opportunity whenever I could 
 to place the stock in investors' hands." The other motive was ap- 
 parent when he at once purchased outright from Commodore Gar- 
 rison the original ^lissouri Pacific, a line between St. Louis and 
 Kansas City, three hundred miles long. " I had passed the time when 
 I cared about mere money-making,'' he said. " My object in taking 
 the road was more to show that I could make a combination and 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. So 
 
 make it a .succi'ss. So I took this road and comiuenoed developiug 
 it, brill, yi 11 ji' in other lines which wouhl be tributary to it, extendini; 
 branches into new country where I couhl develop coal mines, and 
 so on. I continued to develop that road until, I think, we have now 
 in the system controlled by it about ten thousand miles of railroad." 
 He was also the creator of the present Western Union Teleiii-aph 
 system. He liad acquired stock in the Atlantic and Pacific Tele- 
 graph Company alony, with the Union Pacific stock, this line being a 
 rival of the ^N'estern Union Telegraph Company, controlled by the 
 late William H. A'anderbilt. Mr. Gould brought about a consoli- 
 dation of these companies, under agreement that General Eckert, 
 General [Manager of the Atlantic and Pacific, should become General 
 Manager of the reorganized W^estern Union. This was not carried 
 out, and determined, as be said, to place General Eckert in charge 
 of a telegraph company as large as that from which he had been 
 removed, Mr. Gould established the American Union Telegraph 
 Company. A war of extermination against the new enterprise was 
 attempted by the Western Union, but the older and stronger enter- 
 prise was worsted, Westei-n Union stock declined and was bought 
 up by Mr. Gould, and eventually there was a surrender and settle- 
 ment, the control of the W'estern Union passing from the ^'anderbilts 
 to Gould, under whom it has assumed the supremacy among tele- 
 graphic systems on the American continent which it enjoys at the 
 ])i'eseiit time. Similarly, Mr. (4ould invested in the stock of the 
 Manhattan itailway Company when it was in the hands of a receiver, 
 with the late Cyrus W. Field developed and improved the projjerty, 
 and saw the stock rise nearly to 180. Against his advice, Mr. Field 
 entered upon a course of artificial inliation, and was without re- 
 sources when a reaction set in. To save his friend from utter ruin, 
 Mr. Gould took nearly |8,000,000 of Field's stock at 120, although 
 it immediately dropped to 77, and at the same time loaned him 
 11,500,000 witliout security. Instead of gaining credit for this gen- 
 erosity, (lould was credited with having ruined Field. Mr. John T. 
 TeiTy, Avho represented Field at the time, declares that Mr. Ciould 
 came to the rescue on this large scale " most reluctantly and at 
 much personal inconvenience," and adds: "This transaction not 
 only saved the parties, but beyond question saved a panic in New 
 York. And yet there are probably thousands and tens of thousands 
 of persons here and abroad who believe that Mr. Field was wronged 
 by Mr. Gould." Probably no business man in the history of the 
 country has been so unjustly vilified as Mr. Gould. In the connection 
 just referred to, Mr. Terry remarked upon this as follows: " Mr. Gould 
 has been for years the subject of much misrepresentation and un- 
 reasonable abuse, partly from misapprehension and partly from 
 malice. Those of his transactions which have been prompted by the 
 best motives have been turned and twisted by attributing the Avorst 
 
36 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 possible motives to liini." >Jr. E. Ellery Audersoii, after bis investi- 
 gation of the affairs of the Union Pacific Itailroad, said: " One thing 
 always iuijiressed nie, and it is interesting in connection with cur- 
 rent statements and some popular imim-ssions of the man. It is 
 this: I have always found, even to the most trivial detail, that Mr. 
 (lould lived up to the whole nature of his obligations." Ex-Gov- 
 ernor Alonzo ]?. ('<u'nell declared: "I regarded him as one of the 
 most remarkable men America has ]»roduced. As a l)usiness man 
 lie was the most farsighted man 1 have ever known. He was the 
 sold (tf honor in his ])ersonal integrity. His word passed in honor 
 was as good as any bond he could make. He was the most misimder- 
 stood man in this country." fTOuld had nothing to do with the de- 
 ])7-i'(iation of the values of the stocks he purchased. He simply 
 took up properties which others had failed to place upon a paying 
 basis, and having a genius for organization, executive management, 
 and tlie develoiunent of all available resources, transformed corpo- 
 rations whicii had been brought to the brink of bankruptcy into 
 diviilend-earning companies. The proof that he had jjlanned to re- 
 juvenate the JOrie in precisely the same way in which he did every 
 other road lie controlled exists in the fact that he actually acquired 
 the coal fields wliich have since remained the most valuable assets 
 of that corporation. P.ut he was handicapjied thi-ough having the 
 unscrupulous "Jim" Fisk and Daniel Drew as his associates. Com- 
 modore Vandei'bilt was also seeking to gain control of the Erie, and, 
 although (iould defeated him, the resulting notoriety alarmed the 
 English stockholders, and the executive control passed into other 
 hands. Pxtrn in Poxbury, Delaware County, N. Y., May 27, 1836, 
 Jason Gould was the son of Jidin Burr Gould and Mar^-, daughter 
 of John ilore. His grandfather, Captain Abraham Gould, and his 
 great-grandfather. Colonel Abraham Goidd, were officers in the Pevo- 
 lution, the latter being killed while opposing the Pritish forces un- 
 der General Tryon. His great-great-grandfather, Hon. Nathan Gould, 
 of Fairfield, Conn., was both Chief Justice and Deputy Governor of 
 the Colony of Connecticut, and was in turn the son of the eminent 
 Major Nathan Gould, who, having in l(I4(i ciuigrated from St. Ed- 
 iiiondsbnry, England, to Fairfield, Gonn., was fi-om 1057 to 1094 a 
 member ot the Gonnecticut Council, and one of the jietitioners for 
 the Connecticut Charter. He was of gentle blood and an armiger. 
 Jay Gould also descend<Ml from Ca]ilain John Pun-, and the latter's 
 father. Colonel John P>urr, of I'airtield, Coun., of an ancient knightly 
 family of Suffolk, England, as likewise from Lieutenant-Colonel John 
 Talcott, of Hartford. Conn. On January 22, 1808, Mr. Gould married 
 Helen Day, daughter of Hon. Daniel S. IMiller. of Greenville, N. Y., 
 who had earlier been a wholesale merchant of New York City. Both 
 ])a rents have pre-deceased all their children — George J. Gould, Edwin 
 (iould, Helen Miller Gould, Howard Gould, Anna (Countess Cas- 
 tellaue), and Frank J. Gould. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 87 
 
 GOULD, (lEORGE JAY, eldest son of the late eminent railroad 
 financier, Jay Gould, and Helen Day, daujiliter of Daniel S. Miller, 
 wholesale merchant of New York City, is I'resident of the Manhat- 
 tan Hail way. President of the Missouri Pacific Railway Company, 
 President of the Texas and Pacific Railway Com]iany, President of 
 the International and (ircat Noithern Railroad Company-, and sus- 
 tains the same relation to nine other important railroad corpora- 
 tions. He is also a director of the Equitable Life Assurance Society, 
 the Mercantile Trust Comjiany, tlie National Surety Company, the 
 New York Telephone Company, the Western Union Telegraph Com- 
 pany, the Pacific ^lail Stcanislii]) Com])any, the Union Pacific Rail- 
 way Company, the Wabash Railroail < 'ompany, an<l a number of other 
 railway companies. He has taken an active interest in yachting and 
 is a mend)er of the New York Yacht, Larchmont Yacht, American 
 Yacht, and Atlantic Yacht clubs, as well as of the New York, Coun- 
 try, New York Athletic, Lawyers', and other clubs, and tlie Sons 
 of tlie Revolution. Having ])urcliased tlie A'igilant, the successfid 
 defender of the America cuji, in 18114 he sailed this yaclit in many 
 international events in European waters, and in one race succeeded 
 in defeating tiie Prince of Wales's celebrated P>ritannia. He was born 
 in this city in 1804, was educated in private schools and under private 
 tutors, and was his father's confidential assistant for many years 
 prior to the death of the latter. He married Editli Kingdon, of 
 Brooklyn, and has two daughters, and three sons — Kingdon, Jay, and 
 George J. Gotdd, Jr. 
 
 GOULD, ED\YIN, second son of tlie late Jay Gould, is Yice-Presi- 
 dent of the St. Louis Southwestern Railway Company, First Yice- 
 President of the St. Louis Soutlnvesteru Railway Company of Texas, 
 and a director of the Traders' Fire Insurance Company, the Western 
 Union Telegra])h Company, the INIanhattan Railway, the Missouri 
 Pacific Railroa<l Company, the Wabasli Railroad Company, the Amer- 
 ican Speaking Telephone Com]»any, the International Ocean Tele- 
 gi-a|di Company, the International and Great Northern Railroad Com- 
 ])any, the Kansas City and Arkansas Yalley Railway, the Little Rock 
 and Fort Smith Railway, and the Little Rock Junction Company. 
 He was born in New Yoi'k City in 1860, and was graduated from 
 Columbia College in 1888. He Avas at one time a member of Troop 
 A, and subse(iuently was ai)pointed Inspector of Rifle Practice to 
 the Seventy-first Regiment, with the raidc of Captain. He has made 
 several gifts to Columbia University. He is a member of the Coun- 
 try, New York Athletic, LawycM's', Atlantic Yacht, Delta Kappa 
 Epsilon, and Essex County Country clubs, and the Sons of the Revo- 
 lution. 
 
 <U)ULD, HOWARD, third son and fourlli cliild of the late eminent 
 Jay Gould and his wife, Helen Day :Miller, was born in New York 
 
88 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 City June 8, 1871. He was educated at Columbia College, but 
 prior to his college oouree, as well as since, he participated in the 
 executive uianagement of the large interests of his family. At the 
 present time he is Vice-President of the Tyler Southeastern Eail- 
 way Company, and a director of the Traders' Fire Insurance Com- 
 pany of XeAV York, the (lold and Stock Telegraph Company, the 
 Manhattan Railway, the Missouri Pacific IJailroad Company, the 
 Texas and Pacific Railway Company, the Iron Mountain and South- 
 ern Railroad C(uupany, the International and Great Northern Rail- 
 road Company, the Little Rock and Fort Smith Railway, the Kansas 
 City Xorthwestern Railroad Company, and the Kansas City and Ar- 
 kansas "\'alley Railway. He is also ijrominently identified with the 
 pneumatic-tube system operated in connection with the New York 
 Postortice. He is a member of the New York Stock Exchange, of the 
 New York Athletic, Lawyers', Delta Kappa Epsilon, New York 
 Yacht, American Yacht, Larchmont Yacht, Atlantic Yacht, and Sea- 
 wanhaka-Corinthian Yacht clubs, of New York City, and the Largo 
 Yacht and Royal Alfred Yacht clubs, of England, and is an 
 honorary member of the Royal Cork Yacht Club of Ireland. He 
 was half-owner of the yacht Vigilant throughout her racing course 
 in European waters in 18i>4, when she succeeded in winning a race 
 from the Prince of Wales's Britannia. He is also the owner of the 
 cutter Niagara, with which he won sixty prizes in races with English 
 yachts during the seasons of 1895 and 1896. 
 
 GOULD, HELEN AIILLER, eldest daughter of the late Jay Gould, 
 has distinguished herself as a philanthropist and patriot. She 
 erected a church in memory of her father near his birthplace in Dela- 
 ware County, New York, and has contributed to schools and other 
 causes there. She has endowed colleges and other educational insti- 
 tutions, and has established many scholarships for the hel]) of yoimg 
 men of limited means, notably in connection with the rnivcrsity of 
 New York. She is herself a graduate of the Law Department of the 
 last-named institution, having taken this course that she might be the 
 more competent to discharge the responsibilities connected with the 
 large fortune which she inherited from her father. She has been an 
 active worker and liberal ]>atron in many movements to aid the poor, 
 — es])e(ially poor children, in New York City and elsewhere, — and 
 has contributed to hospital work in Westchester County. Just prior 
 to tlie recent war with Spain she gave her check for .flOO.OOO to the 
 Federal Government, for use in the National cause, and gave thou- 
 sands of dollars tin'ough other agencies, offlcial and unofficial, to ren- 
 der more comfortable the soldiers in the field, camp, and hospital. 
 She also cared for many sick and convalescent soldiers at her home, 
 '' Lyndhurst," Irving^ton-on-the-Hudson. In recognition of these 
 services, Con^vess gave her a vote of thanks, and ordered a medal 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 89 
 
 struck in her lioDor. She is the only womau ever so honored by the 
 Congress of the United States. 
 
 BOGART, JOHN, a civil engineer of national reputation, has been 
 professionally connected with notable public enterprises in New York 
 City and Brooklyn. He was engaged in the original construction of 
 Central Park; laid out Prospect I'ark, Brooklyn; from 1872 to 1877 
 was Chief Engineer to the 1 )e]>artment of Public Parks of New York 
 City, was Engineer-in-Chief to the Brooklyn Park Commission, was 
 Resident Engineer in the construction of ^Vasliington Bridge over 
 the Harlem, and was Consulting Engineer to the Rapid Transit Com- 
 mission. He also laid new lines for the New York Central Railroad 
 Company, was engaged in the enlargement of the Erie, and other 
 State canals; laid out the West Chicago parks, the State Capitol 
 grounds, Nashville, Tenn.; the Albany park, wluch he likewise de- 
 signed, and did similar work for New Orleans. In the engineering 
 seiTiee of the Government during the Civil War he constructed the 
 heavy fortifications on the Rip Raps in Hampton Roads, and incident- 
 ally witnessed the duel between the ilerrimac and 31(mitor. He is a 
 director and the Secretary of the American Society of Civil En- 
 gineers. In 1887 he was elected State Engineer of New York. He 
 declined the appointment as Commissioner of Public Works, of- 
 fered him upon the resignation of General Newton in 1888. He has 
 been Consulting Engineer of the State Board of Health, and to the 
 Commission to Store and Develop the Water Power of the Genesee 
 River. He holds a similar position with the Cataract Construction 
 Company, engaged in the project for utilizing the water power of Ni- 
 agara Falls. The son of the late John Henry Bogart, a prominent 
 merchant of Albany and New York, and Eliza, daughter of John 
 Hermans, of Albany, he was born in the latter city, February 8. 182(), 
 attended the Albany Academy, and in 1853 was graduated from Rut- 
 gers College. His grandfather. Johannes Bogart, was a notable nav- 
 igator on the Hudson Iviver, a lineal descendant of Cornells Bogaert, 
 who came from Holland to Rensselaerwyck in KJlO, and was, in turn, 
 the son of Cornells, and grandson of Tennis Bogaert, both of Schoeu- 
 derwoert, near Leerdam, Holland. Mr. Bogart is a member of the 
 Holland and St. Nicholas societies, the Century Association, and the 
 University, Lawyers', Engineers', Delta Phi, and Essex County clubs. 
 
 ARTHUR, CHESTER ALAN, was elected Mce-President of tlie 
 United States in the fall of 1880, and became its President, Septem- 
 ber 20, 1881, consequent upon the assassination and death of President 
 Garfield. His administration was conservative. In the National 
 Republican Convention of 1881 he received 278 votes on the first 
 ballot for the Presidential nomination, although James G. Blaine 
 finallv received the nomination. :Mr. Arthur died at his home in 
 
90 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 ^sew \'(>rk < 'it y, November 18, 188(>. He was boru iu Fairfield, Vt., 
 October 5, 1830, the son of Rev. William Arthur and Melvina Stone. 
 His fatlier was a Baptist minister, a native of Ireland, who was edu- 
 cated at Belfast College, subsequently coming to America, lie held 
 pastorates at Albany, N. Y., and other places, edited a magazine, 
 com])iled a reference work on surnames, and did other literary work 
 in connection with history and the classics. President Arthur was 
 graduated from Union College in 1848, read law, was principal of an 
 academy in Vermont for a short time, and. cnnijileting his law studies 
 with Erastus 1). Culver, of New York City, in 1853, became a member 
 of the law firm of Culver, Parker & Arthur. In 1852 he was one of 
 the counsel for the negroes in the famous Lemmon slave case, being 
 associated with ^Villiam M. Evarts and opposed by Charles O'Conor. 
 
 In the suit of Lizzie Jennings in 
 1855 he established the right of 
 colored persons to ride in the 
 street cars of this city. He was one 
 of Iheorganizersof thellepiiblican 
 party in the State of New York. 
 In 1861 and 18G2 he served on the 
 staff of (iovernor E. 1). ^lorgan as 
 Engineer-in-Chief, with the rank 
 of Brigadier-General. ^Mien the 
 war began he also became Acting 
 Quartenuaster-Geueral, with head- 
 quarters in this city, and was effi- 
 cient in pre])ari7ig and sending for- 
 ward the troops of the State. Be- 
 tween 1802 and 1867 he practiced 
 law in ]>artnership with Henry G. 
 Gardner, and during the next live 
 years practiced alone, also serving as counsel to the Department of 
 Taxes of the city. In December, 1871, President Grant appointed 
 him Collector of the Port of New York, while about the same time he 
 organized the law firm of Arthur, Phelps & Knevals. He continued 
 as Collector until President Ha,yes, as a stroke against the Conkling 
 faction in the State of New York, removed liim from office in 1S78. 
 He then resumed his law practice as head of the firm of Arthur, 
 Plie]]is, Knevals & Ransom. In the Republican National Convention 
 of 1880 he united with Conkling in the unsuccessful attempt to nomi- 
 nate Grant for a third term. The selection of Garfield as Presiden- 
 tial nominee and of Arthur as candidate for 1lie Mce-Presidency was 
 a compiomise arrangement in the convention. 
 
 CHESTER AL.\X .ARTHUR. 
 
 PEABOT)Y. CHARLES AFGUSTrS, studied law at Baltimore 
 in the office of Natlianiel Williams, I'nited States District Attornev 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 91 
 
 for Maiyhind, iind in tlu' llaiviiid Law 8ehool, and iu 1839 engaged 
 in practice in New Yorlc City. He was one of the founders of the 
 Kepnhlicnn party iu tliis State in 1855. In 1856 tlie (Joveruor ap- 
 pointed liiui a justice of tlie t>upreine Court. Two years later he 
 succeeded Horatio Seymour as tiuarantiue Commissioner. In 1802 
 President Lincoln appointed liim sole Judge of the United States Pro- 
 visional Court of Louisiana, jirobably the most extraordinary tribunal 
 ever constituted under the United States Government. Judge Pea- 
 body was (Mni>owered to make his own court rules, appoint his own 
 court officers, and hear causes of every kind which could come before 
 any court, while there could be no appeal from his decisions. Many 
 claims of foreign governments against the United States for commer- 
 cial damages sustained by their sul»jects came before him. In 1863 
 he was appointed Chief Justice of Lotiisiana, but resigned in LS65 
 and resunii'd the jiiactice of law in this city. He is a vice-president 
 of the Association for the Keform of the Law of Nations and has 
 frequently attended its annual meetings in Eurojie. He is a member 
 of the American Historical Association and contributed to its collec- 
 tions a monogra])!! on the extraordinary court of which he was judge. 
 He is a member of the Union League, Century. Cliurch, and Harvard 
 clubs, and the City liar Association. His first wife was -lulia Caroline, 
 datighter of James Duane Livingston and granddaughter of llobert 
 Livingston, last lord of Livingston Manor; his second wife was Mariah 
 E., daughter of John C. Hamilton and granddaughter of Alexander 
 Hamilton; his third wife is Athenia, daughter of Antliony Kutgers 
 Livingston and granddaughter of Kobert, last loi-d of Livingston 
 Manor. His surviving children include one daughter — ^Irs. Charles 
 J. Nourse, Jr. — and three sons — Charles Augustus I'eabody, Jr., Pro- 
 fessor George I. Peabody, M.D.. and Philip <Tlendower Peabody, 
 lawyer, of Boston. All ids (dnldren were by his first wife. Mr. Pea- 
 body was born in Sandwich, N. IT., July 1(1, 1811, the son of Samuel 
 Peabody and Abigail Wood. His father was graduated from Dart- 
 mouth College and was a prominent lawyer. His grandfathei-, Kicli- 
 ard Peabody, was au officer in the Kevolution. The founder of the 
 family in America, Francis Peabody, of Welch descent, canu^ to 
 Massacliusetts in 1685 from St. All)aiis, England. 
 
 AUCHINCLOSS, JOHN W., from 1880 to 1801 head of the dry- 
 
 g Is conimissicui firm of Auchincloss Brothers, which his father, 
 
 John Auchincloss. and his grnndfathei', Hugh Auchincloss, had man- 
 aged before him, in the latter year retired from the active (Jii-ectinn 
 of the Inisiness to give his attention to his many other interests. 
 He is a trustee of the :\rutual Life Insurance Company, and a director 
 of the National Safe Deixisit Company, the Illinois Central Railroad 
 Company, the Belleville and Southern Illinois Bailroad Comi)any, 
 and the Yazoo and :\lississiiii>i Valley Pailroad Comiiany. lie is a 
 
92 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 member of the ]Metropolitau, Uniou League, University, and other 
 clubs. He was born in New Yorlc City, April 12, 1853, and was 
 graduated from Yale in 1873. He married Joanna H., daughter of 
 the late Charles H. IJussell. He has a summer place at Bar Harbor, 
 Me. 
 
 AUCHINCLOSt^, HliGH D., second son, and, with his brother, 
 John W., the successor in the drygoods commission business of the 
 late John Auchincloss, was born in Newport, K. I., July 8, 1858, and 
 was graduated from Yale College in 1879. He was engaged with his 
 brother from 1880 to 1801 in the management of the house their 
 grandfather had founded, but in the latter year both brothers re- 
 tired from active business. He is interested in many important 
 corporati(ms, however, and is an officer of several. He is a trustee 
 of the Bowery Savings Bank and the Consolidated Gas Company, and 
 is a director of the Bank of the [Manhattan Company, the Farmers' 
 Loan and Trust Company, and the Syracuse, Bingliamton and New 
 York Railroad Company. He is a member of the ^Metropolitan, Union 
 League, University, and New York Yacht clubs. He mai'Hed Emma 
 B., daughter of the late Oliver B. Jennings. He has a summer home 
 at Newport. 
 
 FEARING, CHARLES NYE, long engaged in the drygoods com- 
 mission business in the City of New York, was the brother of the late 
 Daniel Butler Fearing, also a well-known New York merchant, and 
 was the son of William I'earing, a sliipping merchant of ^Lassachu- 
 setts, who was borii \n 1771 and died in 1815, and his wife, Elizabeth 
 Nye; and was tlK^ grandson of General Israel Fearing, born in 1717, 
 died in 182G, who was a Revolutionary soldier and Brigadier-( icneral 
 of the Massachusetts Militia, and who married Lucy Bourne. General 
 Fearing was fifth in descent from John Fearing, who came from Eng- 
 land to Ilingham, [Mass., in 1()38, and was a prominent officeholder. 
 Charles Nye Fearing was born in 1812, and was graduated from 
 Bi-own University. Two of his sons still survive him — Charles F. 
 and William Henry Fearing, of this city, while a third, the late Ed- 
 ward Swan Fearing, died in 1881. Their mother was Mary, daughter 
 of Benjamin L. Savjui. 
 
 FEARING, DANIEL BUTLER, an elder brother of the late 
 Charles Nye Fearing, was long a prominent merchant of New York 
 City. He was born in 1801, and married Harriet Richmond, of Provi- 
 dence, R. I. His surviving son. Colonel George Richmond Fearing, 
 principally resides at Newport, R. I., as also did the elder son, the 
 late Henry Seymour Fearing, who died in 1886. The present Daniel 
 Butler Fearing, of Newport, is the son of Henry Seymour Fearing, 
 and from his father inherited the Newport estate which his grand- 
 father once owned. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 93 
 
 FEARING, CHARLES F., fornu'rly an active stockbroker of New 
 York City, aud more recently au extensive traveler abroad, is the elder 
 survivino- son of the late ('harles Nye Fearing, well-known dryg(iods 
 commission merchant of New York. He was born in this city, and in 
 1863 was graduated from Harvard College. He is a member of the 
 Sons of the American Revolution and the Union, Metropolitan, Har- 
 vard, and Southside Sportsmen's clubs. 
 
 FEARING, WILLIAM HENRY, importing merchant of this city, 
 is a brother of Charles F. Fearing and the son of the late Charles Nye 
 Feai-ing, who was long engaged in the drygoods commission trade in 
 this city. Mr. Fearing is a member of the Union, iletropolitan, and 
 Tuxedo clubs and other organizations. He married Gertrude, daugh- 
 ter of Joseph Lea, of Philadelphia, and has three sous — Joseph Lea, 
 William Henry, Jr., and Frederick Charles Fearing. Mr. Fearing was 
 born in New York Citv. 
 
 :\rORGAN, JUNIUS SPENCER, the famous London banker, and 
 the father of J. Pierpont Morgan, of New York City, was himself for 
 some time a resident of this city, and in the- banking business here, 
 and will be rememliered for his gift to the ^Metrojiolitan Museum of 
 Art of the valuable painting by 
 Sir Joshua Reynolds, which he 
 acijuired for the purpose of tins 
 donation. He was born in Ire- 
 land (now West Springfield i , 
 Mass., April 14, 1S13, and di<^d 
 at Monte Carlo, April 8, 1890. 
 He learned the banking business 
 with Alfred Welles, of Boston. 
 For eighteen months subsequent 
 to July, 1834, he was a member 
 of the New York banking firm 
 of Morgan, Ketchum & Cora- 
 pany. During the next seven- 
 teen years he was a drygoods iii<n- 
 chant, his first partnership being 
 with the firm of Howe, Mather & 
 Conii)any, of Hartford. Conn., 
 wiiich subsequently became 
 
 Mather, :\rorgan i^i: Company. Witli James M. Heebe, of Boston, be 
 foniied in 1851 the celebrated firm of J. M. Bcebe, :\Iorgan & (\)mpany, 
 one of the largest drygoods establishments in the United States. He 
 visited Europe in 1853, and, as a result, became a partner, October 
 1, 1851. in tlie well-known London banking liouse of George Peabody 
 & Company. Upon the retirement of Mr. I'eabody in 18(;4, he became 
 
 a^ 
 
 .TUXICS SrKXCER .MOR(i.\N". 
 
94 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 head of the lunise, its stvle rliiuiiiiug to J. S. Morgan & Company. Un- 
 der this stvh' its fame and intlnence were greatly increased. During 
 the Civil AVar Mr. ^lorgan rendered important financial services to 
 the Federal Government, in conjunction with his son, J. I'ierpont 
 Morgan, then in the banking business in New York (_'ity. Mr. Jlor- 
 gau established in 188(>, in nieniory of his mother, the Sarah Morgan 
 Fund for the or]dian asylum of Hartford, ('onn. He also contributed 
 liberally to Trinity College, of the same city. He was lineally de- 
 scended from Cai)tain Miles Morgan, l»orn in Bristol, England, in 
 161(), who landed at Boston, in April, Kii'd, joined Colonel William 
 Pynclion's expedition to Spiingfield, Mass., of which he became one 
 of the founders, and served against the Indians in King Philip's War. 
 The citizens of Springfield in 1870 ei-ected a bronze statue to his 
 memory in the public s(]uare of that lity. He was the great-grandson 
 of Sir John ;\Iorgan,his line including such other families of the Welsh 
 nobility as the Llewellyns and Ivors, and was descended from the 
 celebrated Cadivorfawr, a chieftain of Dyfed, or rembrokesliire, who 
 died 1089 A.D. ilr. Morgan married Juliet, daughter of the late Rev. 
 John Pier]iont, tlie versatile poet and abolitionist, a gi-aduate of Yale 
 and the Harvard Divinity Scliool, ]»astor in Boston, New Y'ork, and 
 elsewlieic, candidate of the Liberal party for Governor of Massachu- 
 setts, and of the Free Soil ])arty for Congress, and Chaplain in 
 the Civil War at the age of seventy-six. He was descended from 
 the family of Pier](()nt, dukes and <'arls of Kingston, the first of the 
 line in America being JoJiu l'i('i]Miut. of Boxbury. ^lass., son of James 
 I'ierpont, of London, England. 
 
 :\I()BGAX, JOHN PIEBPOXT, as senior member of the London 
 banking house of J. S. 3Iorgan & Conijtany, and of the New York 
 house of J. P. ^lorgan & Company, is at the head of two of the most 
 powerful financial houses of the world, situated, respectively, in the 
 financial capitals of the two hemisi)lieres. He was born in Hartford, 
 Conn., April 17, 1837, attended the Boston High School, completed 
 his education at the University of (Jottingen, Germany, and in 1857 
 entered the New York banking firm of Duncan, Sherman & Company. 
 In 18*)(l lie became the agent and altoniey in the United States of 
 George I'eabody \; Com])any, of I^ondon, with which famous Iianking 
 house his father, the late Junius S. ^Morgan, had been connected as 
 partner since ls.">4. When the latter became head of the London 
 house in ISCt, under the style of J. S. ^Morgan & Com|)any, Jlr. J. 
 Pierjionl .Morgan became a member of the closely allied New York 
 firm of Dabney, Morgan & Company, which his financial skill brought 
 into great prominence. But the ci-owning stroke, in the alliance of 
 capital and connections, was consummated in 1871, in the organi- 
 zation of the New York firm of Drexel, Morgan & Company. In in- 
 timate connection with this fiini were thus brought the firms of Drexel 
 
EXCVCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 95 
 
 & Company, of Philadeliihia; J. !r^. Morgan & Company, of Londnn, 
 and Drexel, Hai'jes & Company, of Paris, with tlie lesser conuettions 
 of each. Mr. Autliony J. Drexel soon retired from active hnsiiicss, 
 an<l liis death left 3Ir. ^lorgau nominal as well as actual head i>i tlie 
 New ^■<)I•k house, which was reorganized under its jjresent style of 
 J. I', .^lorgan & Company. The death of his father, in 1890, also left 
 Inm licad of the London hnuse of J. 8. Morgan ic Company. In ((Hi- 
 junction with his father, during the Civil War, Mr. Morgan rendered 
 impoi-tant services to the Federal Government. During the second 
 Cleveland administration he not nn-rely guaranteed the success of an 
 immense bond issue, but to avert a jianic, at a time when tlie jMibiic 
 credit had become seriously im]>aired, he accomplished the unprece- 
 dented undertaking, scoffed at as chimerical and absurd, of con- 
 trolling exchange, so as to prevent the witlidrawal of gold from tlie 
 United States Treasury for ex])ort. l>ut the most remarkable achiinc- 
 ment of ^Ir. ^lorgan has Ix^en tlie emph)\-menl of his power to gi\"e to 
 tlie chief American securities a stability pre\iously unknown and 
 seemingly unattainable. Fimimiers do Tiot n(»ed to be reminded of 
 the ruin(uis and diaotic state of affairs a few years ago, when railroad 
 companies and other great cor[)orations too often conducted tlu'ir 
 affairs in the belief that good financiering re(|uired wars of exter- 
 mination against all competitois. Not only was a condition of 
 (diroiuc uncertainty and instability thus produced, l>ut the frecpient 
 wrecking of great enterprises was constantly entailing ruin ujion in- 
 vestors, and deterring others from touching these stocks. To this 
 situation ^Ir. Jlorgan addressed himself. The tinnucial interests at 
 his command enaliled him to form connections with great rivals, and 
 to have an inii)ortant voice in the affairs of eaidi. It could not be 
 expected that his interest in the one could make agreeable to him 
 a raid upon his interest in the other, and he was able to firing con- 
 vincing arguments in demonstration that the interests of all alike 
 would be best served if the great energies Avasted in mutual brigand- 
 age were utilized in developing the resources natui'ally behniging to 
 each. Perhaps the first instance of this kind affecting immense in- 
 terests wliicli reached tlie public ear was tlie case of the New York 
 Central and Pennsylvania Railroad systems. The former had been 
 poaching upon the coal preserves of Pennsylvania, while the latter, 
 in retaliation, had been extending aid and comfort to the West Shore, 
 the new rival of the Central in this State. In the rate-war which 
 resulted the AN'est Shore was well nigh extenninated. Out of such a 
 state of affairs the power and skill of Mr. Morgan were able to bring 
 peace and prosperity to all concerned. The rival systems ceased their 
 encroachments, A\hile the stockholders of the West Shore were saved 
 by the placing of that line under the auspices of its erstwhile enemy, 
 the New York Central, which now as a friend and ally was able to 
 throw prosperity in its way. Not less notable was the financial resur- 
 
96 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 rectiou of ilie i'liiladelpliia and Iteading iu 1887, when Mr. Murgau 
 formed a syndicate of capitalists and reorganized this road. For the 
 Erie, tlie Xorthern Pacitic, and the Southern Kaihvay he successfully 
 performed similar services, bringing them back to financial life when 
 they seemed to have suffered hopeless collapse. Thus we find a policy 
 inaugurated, on the principle of a great financial balance of powei*, 
 whereby its author conserves interests which otherwise would be 
 engaged in conflicts mutually injurious and destructive — a policy 
 which enables its author to maintain in very practical ways the rela- 
 tion of mutual friend toward such competitors as the Pennsylvania 
 and the Philadel]ihia and Peading, and toward the New York Cen- 
 tral and West ^>hore on the one side, and the Erie on the other. Who 
 has not heard of the savage camiiaigiis of the past between the Van- 
 derbilt and Gould interests? To-day we find Mr. Morgan upon the 
 directorate of the New York Central and the Western Union Telegraph 
 Company alike, tlie West Shore, and the Manhattan. If domestic 
 peace and internal harmony and confidence have resulted from this 
 policy, it has been no less effective in bringing foreign investors to 
 our dooi's. Mr. Morgan is a director of a large number of corpo- 
 rations, while the various members of his firm represent the house 
 on the directorates of many nuu'e. He was a member of the syndi- 
 cates that erected the Madison ^(luare <iar(len and the new Metro- 
 politan Opera House. He has presented valualde paintings to the 
 Metropolitan ]\luseum of Art, and for the ^Museum of Natural History 
 acquired the uui(uie and exceedingly valuable collection of Ameri- 
 can gems and gem minerals exhibited by Tiffany & Company at the 
 Paris Exposition. He endowed the New York Trade School for half 
 a million dollars, and erected St. George's Memorial House. He is 
 President of the Metropolitan Club, and a member of tlie Union, 
 Union League, Century, Knickerbocker, Ttixedo. Piding, l!a((iuet, 
 Players', Lawyers', Whist, New Y'ork Yacht, and Seawanhaka-Cor- 
 inthian Y'acht clubs. 
 
 CHANLEPi, WlNTHKUl', is the sou of the late Hon. John Win- 
 throp Chanler, a leading lawyer and Democi'atic leader of this city, 
 Avho was elected to the Assembly and to Congress. His mother 
 was JIargaret Astor, only daughter of Samuel Ward, Jr. He is the 
 grandson of Kev. John White Chanler, an Episcopal clergyman, and 
 Elizabeth Sherilfe Wiuthrop, a descendant of Governor John Win- 
 throp. His great-grandfather, Dr. Isaac Chanler, a prominent physi- 
 cian of Charleston, was the first President of the South Carolina Medi- 
 cal Society, and a Surgeon in the Continental Army during the Pevo- 
 lution. Mr. Wiuthrop ('hauler is Secretary and Treasurer of the Roan- 
 oke Rapids Power Company, and a member of the LTnion, Knicker- 
 bocker, Tuxedo, City, Racquet, and Players' clubs, of New York, and 
 the Metropolitan Club, of Washington. He was born in New York 
 City. His wife is Margaret, daughter of John Terry. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 97 
 
 AVERY, SA:\irEL PUTNAM, li:i8 louy been ideutitied with the 
 progress of art in tlie United States. lu l.SC)!, Secretary of State 
 William H. Seward appointed him United States Commissioner in 
 charge of the Amerieau Fine Art L)ei>artment at tlie I*aris Universal 
 Exliibition. In lS(i8 he began to deal in art works, and being intimate 
 with many foreign artists lie became an extensive importer and in- 
 troducer of their pictures in this couutry. He retired from active 
 business in 1887. In 1870 he was Secretary of the Art Committee of 
 the Union League Club, which called the meeting leading to the 
 foundation of the Metropolitan ^luseinn of Art. He has beeu atrustee 
 of this institution from the beginning, and is Chairman of its Com- 
 mittee of Art. In memory of his lamented sou, Henry Ogdeu Avery, 
 the brilliant young artist-architect, he founded the Avery Architec- 
 tural Library at Columbia University. He contributed to Lossing's 
 *• History of New York City "" a chapter on the " Progress of the Fine 
 Arts in New York during Viity Years." He was born in this city, 
 :\Iarcli 17, 1822, tlie son of the \n\v Samuel P. Avery. He early learned 
 to engrave on steel, with a banknote company, but soon took up wood- 
 engraving, which he followed until 1860, illustrating for Harjier & 
 P>rothers, and other well-known Arms. 
 
 CHURCH, BENJAMIN SILLIMAN, the well known civil engineer, 
 has been prominently connected with some of the most important pub- 
 lic works in this city. Prior to the Civil ^Yar he was engaged on the 
 surveys of Central Park, the Croton River, and the new reservoir in 
 Central Park. He was appointed principal assistant on the Croton 
 Aqueduct in 18(10, but upon the outbreak of war became Captain of 
 Engineers in the Twelfth New ^"ork. He was on General Y^ates's staff 
 in this capacity in 180r>. After the war he served in the National 
 Guard as Colonel of Engineers on the staff of General Shaler, as also 
 on that of General Louis Fitzgerald. In 1875 he prepared the plans 
 for utilizing the entire Croton watershed, and in 188:J became Chief 
 Engineer under the commission lia\ing in liand tlie construction of 
 the new aqueduct. While he retired from the direction of the con- 
 struction in 1889, his plans have been carried out in the completion 
 of the work. Including tunneling under the Harlem River and for 
 thir-ty miles through solid rock, this work takes high rank among 
 engineering achievements. He has been occupied since principally 
 in hydraulic and mining operations. He is a member of the Union 
 League and other clubs and societies. He was born at Belvidere, 
 N. Y., April 17, 1836, the son of the late John B. Church and a daugh- 
 ter of Professor Benjamin Silliman, Sr., of Yale; grandson of Judge 
 Philip Church and Anna [Matilda, daughter of General Walter Stew- 
 art, of the Revolution, and great-grandson of the distinguished Revo- 
 lutionary patriot, John Barker Church, Commissary-General to the 
 French forces, and brother-in-law of Alexander Hamilton. Colonel 
 
98 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 Chxircli Avas iiiadualcd in ISod from the Eugiueeniiy Depurlmeut of 
 Dartiiiimt li ( "ollege. 
 
 CAEEY, HENE^' T., hanker and hruker, uf this< rilv, and a mem- 
 ber of the New York Stock Exchange since 1868, is a director of the 
 Second National T?ank, and intei'ested in various entc^rprises. He 
 is a member of the Metrop<ditan, Union Leagne, Tnxedo, and South 
 Side Sportsmen's ohibs. He is the sou of the late Samuel Thomas 
 Carey, who, having, in 1845, married Marion, daugliter of the late 
 (ieorge de Peyster, made his residence in this city, although his father, 
 Samuel Carey, was of distinguished lineage and had a large estate in 
 Surrey, England, where the family had been seated for many genei'a- 
 tions. 
 
 GEKKY, ELP.ini)(!E TIlo^lAS, has won an international reputa- 
 tion as President of the Soeiety for the Prevention of (/ruelty to Chil- 
 dren. Born in this city in 1837, he was graduated in 1857 from Colum- 
 bia (College, studied law Avith the late ^Villiam Curtis Noyes, and in 
 1800 was admitted to the New York bar and to iiractice in the 
 Supreme Court of the United States. He became a member of the 
 firm of Noyes & Tracy, and after the death of William Curtis Noyes 
 formed a partnership with the late William F. Allen and the late 
 Benjamin Vauglian Abbott. Witii the election of Allen to the Court 
 of Appeals the firm became Abbott & Gerry. The nature of his prac- 
 tice is indicated by the fact that Mr. Gerry was counsel in the Marx 
 will contest, the Martin will contest, the Carman will contest, the 
 Louis Bonard will contest, the Strong divorce case, the Mi-Farland 
 homicide case, and the Stokes homicide case. He was a member of 
 the Constitutional Convention of 1S07 and of its committee on the 
 Pardoning l*ower. He was Chaii-man of the commission a])pointed 
 by the New York Senate in ISSO to report on the best method of exe- 
 cuting the death penalty, the result being the substitution of electro- 
 cution for lianging in this Stare. He was Chairman of the Executive 
 Committee having in cliarge the centennial anniversary celebration 
 of the inauguration of Washington in tliis city in 1889, and was 
 Chairman of the Committee on Literary Exercises. He was Chair- 
 man of the commission api»ointed by ^layor (irant in 1802 to report 
 on tlie best method of caring for the city's insane. He is a trustee 
 of the (General Tlieological Seminary, sim-e 187S has been a governor 
 of the New York Ho.spital, since 1882 has been President of the Chi 
 Psi fraternity, and from 188(5 to 1893 was Commodore of the New 
 York Yacht Club. He is a trustee of the Mutual Life Insurance 
 Company and of the Fifth Avenue Trust Company. But the great 
 work of philanthropy and reform, devotion to which led him to aban- 
 don his law practice, remains to be mentioned. Henry Bergh's So 
 ciet}- for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals having been incorpo- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BJOGRAPKY. 99 
 
 rated in l.Sdd, ]Mr. rreiTT early became its counsel, and was instrumen- 
 tal iu securing most of the lesiislatiou in this t^tate protecting animals. 
 He has long been First Vice-President of this society, as well as Chair- 
 man of its Executive Committee. In 1874 this society took up a fla- 
 grant case of parental cruelty which several benevolent (irganizalions 
 had been afraid to toudi, and the publication of the facts brought an 
 avalanche of similar apjieals. To meet this need, with other charter 
 members, ilr. Gerry secured the incorporation in isl.j of the Society 
 for the Prevention of Cruelt3- to Children. The late Jolin 1). Wright 
 was its first President. Mi: Gerry has been its President since 1879, 
 and has battled continuously, but with remarkable success, to secure 
 and to retain the legislative rights under which it operates. About 
 25,000 cases have been prosecuted and about 40,000 cliildren rescued 
 from infamy or destitution. Something like l.jO similar societies have 
 been organized in tlie United States and other countries. Mr. Gerry 
 has contributed to the Xorlli American Rcrieir "Cruelty to Children " 
 (July, 1883), "Capital Punishment by Electricity" (September, 
 1889), and "Children of the Stage'" (July, 1890). He is a member 
 of the Patriarchs, and the Metroi>olitan, Knickerbocker, Tuxedo, Kid- 
 ing. Players', Manliattan, and principal yacht clubs, the City Bar 
 Association, Sons of the Eevolution, New England Society, Columbia 
 Alumni Association, and other organizations. He marrieil in 18G7 
 Louisa M., only daughter of the late Kol»ert J. Livingston, and great- 
 granddaughter of Chief Justice Lewis Morris, and has two sons and 
 two (laughters. He is himself the son of the late Thomas R. Gerry, 
 ofhcer in the United States Navy, and Hannah, daughter of Peter P. 
 Goelet. He is grandson as well as namesake of the famous Elbridge 
 Gerry, a graduate of Harvaid in 1762, member of the Massachusetts 
 General Court of 1772, and of its Committee of Correspondence; mem- 
 ber of the Massachusetts Provincial Congresses of 1774 and 1770; a 
 continual member of the Continental Congresses throughout the Pev- 
 olution and a signer of the Declaration of Independence; member of 
 the Convention of 1787 which framed the Constitution of the United 
 States; member of the first United States Congress of 1789, serving 
 until ]79:), and in 1797 one of three special envoys to treat with the 
 Fi-ench Directory at Paris; elected Governor of Massachusetts in 
 1810 and again in 1811, and elected Vice-President of the United 
 States in 1812. Thomas Gerry, great-grandfather of Mr. Gerry, emi 
 grated from Newton, England, in 1730, became a prominent mer- 
 chant of Marbleliead, :\rass., and married tlie only daughter of Enoch 
 <;reenleaf, a wealthy and infiuential Bostonian. 
 
 WIXSLOW, RICHABD HENKY, founder of the well-known New 
 ^'ork banking house of Winslow, Lanier & Company, was born in 
 Albany, September 10, 1800, and died at Westport, Conn., February 
 15, 1861. He was! educated in the public schools of Albany. He was 
 
100 
 
 HISrORV OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 clerk iij a mercautile bouse at Cauandaigua, X. Y., from 1824 to 182G, 
 and tlieu removed to Marauliam, Brazil, aud entered the employ of bis 
 uncle, liConard Corning, mercbaut and American consul at Maran- 
 bam. A few years later be establisbed bimself in business in New 
 York Cily ^vitb .Alinot Morgan, as 3Iorgan & Winslow. In 1832 be 
 became a member of tbe ^^'a]l Street brokerage firm of Allen & Wins- 
 low, Tilley Allen being bis partner. Upon tbe retirement of Mr. 
 Allen in 1835, the firm became ^Vinslow cJi I'erkins. In 1849 tbe late 
 J. r. I). Lanier succeedi'd ^Ir. I'erkins. the style of ^^'inslow, Lanier 
 <Sc (\)mi)any. which has since been retained, being tlii-n adopted. It 
 was in ibis year that Mr. AVinslow originated the raili-oad bond sys- 
 tem. His firm became prominent in placing the securities of western 
 railroads, thus contribnting to the commercial deyelopment of tbe 
 We.st. In 18.">!t, .Mr. ^^'inslow retired from active business to his coun- 
 try iilacc at ^Vestl)ort. Conn. Al- 
 though twice married, he left no 
 issue. He married, in Xew York 
 ("ity, in 1829, Kaclicl, daughter of 
 Archibald Ilobertson. Subsequent 
 to her death, he married, in 1854, 
 Mary Elizabeth. daughter of 
 Sti'phen Lltcb and ]Mary Ingra- 
 liam Kogers, of Xew Hartford, 
 Conn., and tbe adopted daugh- 
 ter of Asa Fitch, of New York 
 ("ity. After ^Ir. Winslow's death, 
 she became The wife of tlie late 
 Dr. Tiichard Chaiining :\roore 
 Page, of Xew York City. :\[r. Wins- 
 h)w was the son of Captain Rich- 
 ard \Mnslow, iron and fiour manu- 
 lacturer of Albany, and Mary, sis- 
 RicnAKi) H. wixsi.ow. ^cr of Jasper Corning', of X'ew 
 
 York City. He was a brother of -Tames Winslow, also of Winslow, 
 Lanier & Company, as he was also of .James Flack ^Vinslow, iron 
 manufacturer, and one of the builders of tbe Monitor during tbe 
 Civil ^Var; of Edward Thomas Winslow, one of tbe founders of tbe 
 American Express Company; of Augustus Sydenham Winslow, a 
 prominent citizen of Cincinnati, Ohio, and of Leonard Corning Wins- 
 low, at one time a banker in Xew York City. Tln-se brothers were 
 lineal descendants of Hon. Kenelm Winslow. who was born at Droit- 
 wich, England, in 1590, and died at Salem, Mass., in 1(;72. He immi- 
 grated To Plymouth, Mass., in 1(520, whitlier he had been prece(h'd by 
 his elder brother. Governor Edward Winslow, who came over in the 
 ■Mayflower in 1(!20. Kenelm Winslow was elected Suiweyor of Ply- 
 mouth in 1610. and subsequently removing to Marsbfleld, Mass., rep- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 101 
 
 resented that town in the .Alassacliusetts (lencial (Vuut lii'twccn lt;42 
 and 1653. These " Pil«;nni fathers" were of <;entle bhiod, and their 
 antecedents in En^lainl have been traced in an nidiroken line of an- 
 cestors throniiJi many generations. Tiie present Edward Winsh)w, 
 of Winshiw, Eanici- ^^ ('()ni]>an.v, is the nepliew of the hite Richard 
 Henry Winshjw, tiie son of the bile James ^^'illsIo\v, and tlic liramlson 
 of thehite J. F. 1). Lanier. 
 
 WIXSLOW, JA.AIES, became a member of tlie Xew York banking 
 lionse of Winsb)w, J^anier iV; ("om])any soon after its establisliment 
 by his brother, the bite Eichard Ib'nr.v ^\■insio\v, and so remained 
 nntil Ills deatli in this city, Jnly 18, 1874. For many years he was 
 Vice-rresident of the Third National Bank of New York, and was a 
 director of seyeral other banks, as he was of varhins other corpo- 
 rations. He was prominently identirted with tlie establisliment of 
 the present natiimal bankini; system, while dnrini;- the Civil \Var 
 he was active in connection with the assistance rendered by his tinn 
 to the Federal Government in connection with the negotiation of the 
 war loans. He Avas born in Ilai-tford, Conn., Febrnary 17, ISl.'), and 
 was one of six brothers who became prominent, — sons of Cajjtain 
 Richard ^^'inslow. of Alliany ami New Y'ork City. He descended 
 from Kenehn ^^'inslo^\•, of Plymouth Colony, ]\[assachnsetts, a brother 
 of GoA'ernor Edward Winslow of the sami'. IIavin<i- attended the 
 public schools of Albany, he learned tln' liaidware business in the 
 store of the late Erastns ('orniiiii', of Allian_\. Hemovinii to New 
 Y'ork City he established himself in the liarilware business, which 
 he successfully followed until he became a member of the liaid<ing 
 firm. He married, March 18, 1817, ^fargaret Dowidnn, daughter of 
 the late J. F. D. Lanier, one of the fettinders of Winslow, Laiuer cS: 
 Company. Two sons survived him — Edward AN'inslow, who succeeded 
 his father as a member of tlu^ firm of \Vinslow, Laiuer ,S; C(nn])any, 
 and James Norton Winslow, ^^•llo in 1871 was a member of tlie I'nited 
 States Government ex])editioiL to observe^ the transit of \'enns. 
 
 WINSLOW. EDWAKl). since 1878 has been a member of the fa- 
 mous New York hanking house of Winslow. LaTiier ^; Company, of 
 which his uncle, the late Kiciiard IL Winslow, his father, the late 
 James Winslow. and his grandfather, the late J. F. D. Lanier, were 
 the prominent original members. He is a trustee of the New York 
 Skin and Cancer Hos])ital. and a niendter of the Metropolitan. Tuxedo, 
 City. Keform. New York Yacht, and Larchmont Yacht dubs. He 
 married, in 1873. Emma Corning, daughter of J. A. Sweetser. and has 
 a daught<'r — Margtierite Lanicn- Winslow. 
 
 LANIER, CHARLES, present head of the well-known banking 
 house of Winslow, Lanier & Co.. is the youngest sou of the late James 
 
102 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 rriiiikliii J);iujility J.aiiici-. who was louj; at the licad of this tiim. lu 
 addition to the extensi\e baulviug busiuess of his house, which ex- 
 tends to all the flnanoial renters of the world, Mr. i-anier is in the 
 directorate of many notable corporations. He is President of the 
 Pittsburu', Fort Wa.xiie and ("iiicajio IJailway Company, as also of 
 the Massiilou and ("leveland llailroad. and is director or trustee 
 of the Central Trust Company, the Xational Bank of Commerce in 
 New York, the Louisiana National Bank of New Orleans, the Western 
 Union Telegraph Company, the Central and South American Tele- 
 graph ( 'omiiany, the West Shore IJailroad. the Central llailroad Com- 
 pany of New Jersey, the Housatonic Ivailroad. the Cleveland and 
 I'ittsburg Eailroad Company, the Niagara Junction liailway Com- 
 pany, the American Cotton Oil Company, the Cataract Construction 
 Company, and the Niagara Development Company. He is a director 
 likewise of the Madison Square Garden Company, being one of the 
 grou]i of eminent and public-spirited citizens who erected the pres- 
 ent Madison Square Garden at a cost of |3,000,000. He is Treasurer 
 of the American Museum of Natural History, and a member of the 
 best clubs of New York, including the Union, Metroi)olitan. Union 
 League, Century, Knickerbocker, and Tuxedo. He Avas born in 1837, 
 and married Sarah, daughter of Thomas Egleston, of this city. They 
 have three daughters ami a son. The latter — James F. D. Lanier — 
 a member of his father's firm, was married in 18S7 to Harriet, datigh- 
 ter of lleberE. Bishop. 
 
 KELLY, EUGENE, for tiiirly-tive years prior to his death in 1894 
 I lie head of the New York banking firm of Eugene Kelly & Company, 
 was a director of the National Park Bank, tlie Bank of New York, 
 the Emigrant Industrial Savings Baidc, the Equitable Life Assur- 
 ance Society, the Title Guaranty and Trust Company, and other 
 cor])orations, including many railroad interests. He founded the 
 Southern Bank of Georgia, and after the Civil War gave largely to 
 rebuild the Town Hall of Charleston, S. C. For thirteen yeai-s he 
 was a member of the Board of Education of this city, while he was 
 an original life member of the National Academy of Design and a 
 member of the Chamber of Commerce. Presidential Elector-at-Large 
 in 1884, he was Chairman of tiie Electoral College of this State. He 
 was a member of the committees having in liand the eri'ction of the 
 Washington Memorial Arch and tlie Bartholdi Statue of Liberty. 
 He was one of the founders of the Catholic T'niversity of America 
 and one of its directors from the beginning until his death. He was 
 a trustee of Seton College Hall. He was also a member of the Build- 
 ing Committee engaged in the erection of St. Patrick's Cathedral. 
 He married first a [Miss Donnelly, who died in 1848, and in 1857 mar- 
 ried [Margaret, niece of the late Archbishop Hughes. By his first 
 wife lie had a dauuhter. [Mrs. Jolin A. G. Beales, and bv his second 
 
EXXVCLOPKDIA OF X::W YORK BIOGRAPHY. 103 
 
 wiff lour ^^()U^^ — Eugviie, Edward, Tlioiua!? llii,i;li('s, and ilulx'i-r •). 
 Kelly. 3Ir. Kelly was born in County TyroU(% Ireland, in 1S0(), the 
 son of Thomas Bove O'Kelly, of Mullaj;hinore, the family beinji one 
 of the oldest of the Irish septs. Comin"' to New York at the ase 
 of twenty-four, he found employment with Donnelly Brothers, mer- 
 chants, and a few years later removed to Maysville, Ky., and thence 
 to St. Louis. Goin.n' to California in 184!> he established a mercantile 
 business in partnership with Jose])h A. Donohoe, Daniel T. Murphy, 
 and Adam (Irant. In 1S50 he was active in the orfjanization of the 
 (^'alifornia bankini;- firm of Donohoe, Ralston & Company, and, (-(tm- 
 ing to New Yiu-k. established the related firm of Euyene Kelly & 
 Comjiany. 
 
 BEOWX, JOHX CROSBY, head of the famous bankin- house of 
 Brown Brothers & ('ompany, is also President of the Newburjih, 
 Dutchess and Connecticut Railroad Company, a trustee of the Bank 
 for Savinjis, and a director of the United States Trust Company, the 
 Bank of Xew Y'ork, and the Liverpool, London and (llobe Insurance 
 Company. lie has been a member of the Board of Education and 
 is I'rcsidcnt of the Board of Trustees (>f the Union Theolo;Liical 
 Seminary, a trustee of Columbia College, a trustee of the Metropoli- 
 tan ^luseum of Art, and a director of the Presbyterian Hos])ital. He 
 is a member of the Metropolitan, Union, City, University, Riding, and 
 Seawanhaka-Coi'inthian Y'acht clubs, the Downtown Association, and 
 the C(dumbia College Alumni Association. He was born in this city. 
 May liL', 1838, and was graduated IVom Coluinbia Colleg(% in I80U, sub- 
 sequently receiving the di gree of Master of Arts. Immediately after 
 his giadualion he entered the banking house which his father had 
 estalilislied in 1825. He is second ui the three sons of the late James 
 Bidw 11 l)y his second wife, Eliza Maiia, daughter of Rev. Jonas Coe, of 
 Troy. \. Y. He himself married, in 18(U, Mary E., daughter of Rev. 
 William Adams, D.D.. pastor of the :\ladis(in Squai-e Pi-esbyterian 
 Church at the time, and President of the Union Theological Seminai-y, 
 and has tln-ee daughters and three sons — ^Yillianl Adams, James 
 Crosby, and Thatcher M. Brown, graduates of Yale. 
 
 ALEXANDER. LAWRENCE DADE, banker and stocklmdcer. and 
 son of rhe late Junius P>. Alexander, also a banker in tills city, was 
 born in Meade County. Kentucky, in 181:5. He attended Washington 
 University, St. Louis, and was graduated from J<-fierson College. 
 Pennsylvania, after which he joined his father in New York City, and 
 in 18(i!) became a member of the New Y'ork Sto<"k Exchange. He is a 
 member of the University Club, the Southern Society, and the Sons 
 of the Revolution, and. as an expert angler, has contributed to the 
 Awcrican Aiifjler. i\m\ to the volume ou " American Sports." pub- 
 lished by the Century Company. He married Orline. daughter of the 
 
104 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 late Xewtou ST. JoLu, a proiuiiieiir banker of Mobile. Ala., and >>ister 
 of the late William I'ope St. John, for many years President of the 
 Mercantile National Bank of this city. They have I wo sons, St. 
 John and Lawrence Dade, Jr., and two daughters. 
 
 KENNEDY, JOHN STEWAIJT, a native of (Jlasgow, Scotland, 
 wliere he was Ijorn in 18.">(l, made his head(jiiarteis in New York dur- 
 ing the years 1850 and 1S.")1 as ivpresentati^ c of a (ilasgow house in 
 the iron trade; during the next four years had charge of the business 
 of this firm in (Jlasgow, and, returning to America, was for ten years 
 connected as partner with tlie New York firm <d' ;\[. K. Jesup & 
 Company, and the Chicago firm of Jesup, Kennedy lS: ('oni](any. In 
 18(57 he retired and traveled abroad. In 1808 he established in this 
 city the banking firm of J. S. Kennedy & Company. In 1883 he 
 retired, the management de\'ol\ing upon liis partners under the 
 present style of J. Kennedy, Tod ^V: Company. He is now a trustee 
 of the United States Trust (;omi>any, the Central Trust Company, 
 and the Provident ]>oan Society, and a director of the Title Guaran- 
 ty and Trust Company, the National P>ank of Commerce, the Manhat- 
 tan Company, the J'.rooklyn .Manhattan Company, the Cleveland and 
 Pittsburg Railroad Company, the New- Y'ork, Chicago and St. Louis 
 Pailroad Cnmitany, and the IMttsburg, Fort Wayne and Chicago 
 liailroad Company. He is President of the Presbyterian Hospital, 
 President of the Lenox Lilirary, President of the Board of Trustees 
 of the Ameiicaii T>iblc House of Constantinoi)le; ^'ice-l*resident of 
 the New York Historical Society; Manager of the Board of Home 
 Missions of the Presbyterian Church in the Ciiited States, and a 
 trustee of tlie Fiftli Avenue Presbyterian Churcli, the Princeton Theo- 
 logical Semiiuiry, the New York Society for the Puptured and Crip- 
 pled, and the Metropolitan ^Museum of Art. He personally erected the 
 Pnited Charities Building. He is a member of the ^Metrojiolitan, 
 Union League, Century, City, Beform, Grolier, Biding, New York 
 Y'acht, Mendelssohn (ilee, and Southside Sportsmen's clubs, and the 
 Downtown Association. He married Emma, daughter- of Cornelius 
 Baker. Himself tlie son of Jolin Kennedy and Tsabelhi Stewart, he is 
 descended from prominent Scotch families on botli tlic i)at<'rnal and 
 maternal sides. 
 
 COWDIN, ELIOT CHRISTOPHEB, in 1853 founded in New York 
 City the ]»romineiit silk im])oiting firm of Elliot C. Cowdin iV: Com- 
 pany, and remained its head until Ids death in 1880, although he had 
 retired from the active management in 1877. In 1807 he was United 
 States Commissioner to the Paris Exposition. He was elected to the 
 New York Assembly in 187<). He presided at many ptiblic gatherings 
 of note, and delivered a ntimber of effective addresses, some of which 
 were printed. He was an ofiicer of the New York Chamber of Com- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 105 
 
 luerce, was oue of the fniiiiilcis of tlu' New Kuglaiid Society, aiul its 
 second President, and was Mce-Presideut of the Union Leagne Club. 
 Born in Jamaica. Vt., in ISllt. lie bej;an his nHMcanlilc career in Bos- 
 ton, and was a successful iniportin<; lucrcliant of that city prior to his 
 removal to New York. He was President of the Mercantile Library 
 Association of Boston in 1S43. He visited Eurojie more than forty 
 times, and was in I'aris durino- the Franco-Prussian war. He mar- 
 ried, in 1853, Sarah Katherine, daughter of Samuel NN'allis Waldron, 
 of Boston. She survives hiru, with three sous — loliii Elliot, Win- 
 throj*. and Elliot ( ". Cowdin. and three daughters — Mrs. ('aspar (ii-is- 
 wold, Mrs. Kobert Bacon, and .Mrs. Hamilt(ui L. Hoppiu. Uf Scotch 
 descent, he was the son of .Vngier Cowdin, an extensive landowner in 
 Vermont, and grandson of Caittain Thomas Cowdiu, of IMtchliurg, 
 JIass.. a Kevolutionary soldier, (ieneral Bobert ( 'owdin, of the Union 
 Army iu the Civil War, and Hon. John Cowdin, of the Massachusetts 
 Legislature, were brothers of Mi-. Cowdiu, of New York. 
 
 <'()\VI)IN. JOHN ELLIOT, a merchant in this city since 187!), is 
 the eldest son of the late Eliot Christopher Cowdin. founder, in 1853, 
 of Elliot C. Cowdiu & Company, of New York City, silk importers, and 
 one of the nu)st prominent merchants of his day. Mr. Cowdin was 
 born in Boston in 185S, was graduated from Harvard in 187tt, and at 
 once engaged in business. He is a member of the Union. University, 
 Kacquet. Harvard. Players', and Rockaway Hunt clubs. He married 
 Gertrude, daughter of John H. Cheever, and has a daughter and two 
 sous — Elliot C. and John Cheever Cowdin. 
 
 BELMONT, AUCUST, founder in 1837 of the famous banking 
 house of August Belmont and Comi)auy, was one of the most eminent 
 citizens of his day. His connection with the great Bothschihl bank- 
 ing house made him a power in tinancial circdes from the beginning. 
 He became naturalized as soon as jiossible after reaching this coun- 
 try, and in 1811 voted for the Presidential candidate of the Demo- 
 cratic party, with which he remained connected throughout life. 
 From 1811 to 1850 he was Austrian Consul-Cleueral iu this city, but 
 resigned in protest against the treatment of Hungary by Austria. In 
 1853 he was ait]ioiTited by President Pierce United States Charge 
 d'Affaires at The Hague, and became United States Minister to Hol- 
 land n]ton the elevation of the mission in 1855. He negotiated an 
 im})ortant consular convention and secured to the Ignited States the 
 right of locating consuls in the Dutch East Indies. He deprecated 
 the partisan bitterness preceding the Civil War, and with the split 
 in the Democratic party in 1860, allied himself with the Douglas 
 wing, was active at the Baltimore Convention, and became Chair- 
 man of the National Committee. Upon the election of Lincohi he 
 wrote urgent letters to the Southern leaders to dissuade them from 
 
106 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 secession. He was an earnest sni)poi-ter of the Federal Government 
 during the war, liel[»ed to raise tlie first Gennau regiment in this 
 rity, and lirouiiht all his inflnence to bear npon Enrope to prevent 
 the recoi;nili<)n of the belligerenry of the South. His letters to the 
 Rothschilds of London and Paris were laid befoi'e the English and 
 French ^linisters of State, while he personally visited England on 
 this matter in l.SCil, and France in 1SG3. He was a delegate to every 
 Democratic National Convention from 1860 to ISS-t, and presided at 
 the opening of those of 1S(U and 1808. He resigned as Chairman of 
 the National Committee in 1S72, having lield tlie position twelve 
 years. He was a member of the Union Club, President of the Man- 
 hattan Club, and President of the American Jockey Club. His stable 
 of thoroughbreds was witliout a. peer in the I'niteil States. In 1849 
 he married a daughter of Commodore Matthew C. Perry, and had six 
 children, of which four survived him — Hon. Perry Belmont, August, 
 Jr., ]\Irs. Samuel S. Howland, and Oliver H. P. Belmont. He died in 
 this city, November 24, 1890, having been born at Alzei, Rhenish 
 Prussia, Di-cember 8, 181(;. His father was a lauded proprietor, and 
 carefully educated him until he reached the age of fourteen, when 
 he entered the Frankfort banking house of the Rothschild Brothers. 
 At the end of three years he was given a supervisory position at 
 Naples, Italy, and retained this until his removal to New York in 
 1837. 
 
 BEL^IONT, I'EKRV, has been i>romineut in public life. He served 
 four terms in Congress following his election from the First District, 
 embracing Staten Island and Long Island, except Brooklyn, in 1880. 
 For four years he was Chairman of the Committee on I^reign Att'airs. 
 He was active in connection with the Fishery Treaty and the Sand- 
 Avich Islands Treaty, secured the passage of the retaliation bill in the 
 fisheries' dispute with Canada, defeated the project to extend Federal 
 su])port to the Nicaragua Canal Company, and carried through the 
 bill to indemnify the Chinese massacred at Rock Springs. From the 
 French (iovernment he received the Legion of Honor for his success 
 in passing the bill making ours one of the first nations to i)articipate 
 in the Paris Exposition. He advocated the claims of Washington, 
 D. C, as the site for the World's Fair. Throughout his course he 
 was a consistent advocate of tai-iff reform. He resigned during his 
 last term to accept his appointment by President Cleveland as United 
 States ^Minister to S])ain. He is a trustee of the Colonial Trust Com- 
 pany, a director of the United States Casualty Company, ami the 
 First Municipal Bond Assurance Company of America, and a mem- 
 ber of the Union, ^Metropolitan, Knickerbocker, and a large number 
 of other clubs of New York, Newport, and Paris. He was born in this 
 city December 28, 1851, was graduated from Harvard in 1872, with 
 honors in history aiul ])olitical economy; studied civil law at the 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY 
 
 107 
 
 r'niversity of Berlin, and was lii-adiialcil li-diu ('dluiiibia ('ollcjie Law 
 Scliool in 1S7(). I'^roui that liiuc until liis election to ("ongress, lie 
 practiced law in this cit.v in i>aitnersliip with Dndley N'intou and 
 (Jeorge Frelinohnvsen. lie has ariined important cases in the Court 
 of Appeals and the United States Supreme ( \nirt. 
 
 BELMONT, AUdUST, head of the famous bankin- house of Au- 
 liust Belmont .S; Company since the death of his father in 1S!MI, has 
 rapidly gained recoiiuition as one of tlie ablest of New York tinau- 
 oiers. lie is President id' the Hempstead National Bank, acting; Bres- 
 ident of the Audit Company, \'ice-President id' the Kin<;s County Ele- 
 vated Bailway Comi)any, and a director of the National Park Bank, 
 the Bank of the State of New York, thi' ^Manhattan Trust Comiiany, 
 the Guaranty Trust Company, the IMftli Avenue Trust Company, the 
 I<](|uitab]e Life Assuranci' So 
 c-iety, the Chica<;(), Milwau- 
 Ivee and St. Paul Bailway. 
 the Louisville and Nashville 
 E a i 1 r o a d Company, the 
 Zanesville and Ohio Bailway 
 Com])any, the Long' Island 
 Bail r o a d Company, the 
 Brooklyn and Jamaica Bail- 
 road, tlie Mechanical Bubber 
 C m p a n y, the New Y'oi'k 
 Belting and Packing Com- 
 iiany, the United Electric 
 Light and Power Company, 
 the \Yestingliouse Electric 
 IManufacturiug C o m p a n y, 
 and the Westchester Bacing 
 Association. He was boin in 
 this city, February 18, 18.j3, 
 and through his mother is 
 the grandson of Commodore 
 M. C. Perry, who ojiened the 
 
 •Tapanese i»orts to commerce and commanded tiie United States 
 naval forces during the war with ;Mexico; is great-grandson of Com- 
 modore O. H. Perry, of Lake Erie fame, and lineally descends from 
 William Wallace, the fanicms Scot, tlirougli Edward Perry, who was 
 born in Devonshire, Engla7id, in IC.od, and settled in Sandwich, ^Mass., 
 in 1053. He was graduated from Harvard in 1875 and entered his 
 father's banking house soon afterward. One of his most notable 
 achievements was tlie liandling of the bond issue during the second 
 Cleveland administration in conjunction with J. Pierpont Morgan. 
 He is President of the .\meiican Kennel Club and a well-known breed- 
 
 Al'(iCST liKI.MdXT. 
 
108 HISTORY OF THi: GREATER NI'W YORK. 
 
 ci- of IlKinni^liliicds. He is iilso ricsidcnl of tlio Aiiicricaii Jockey 
 Chill. He was iiiariied in 1881 to Bessie H. Moiiian, and has three 
 sons— .\iit;iist. i;aynion<U and Moriiaii. 
 
 ("OIJXEI.L, WILLIAM W.. lh<' late well-known iron niannfacTurer 
 of New ^'ork <'ity. was a lilicral donor, liivint; to various benevedent 
 inslil iiti(Mis. and csiiccially contrihutinn toward tiic erection of 
 fiinrcli l)nildin;Lis of the .MctlKMlist lOiiiscopal dcuoniinatioii. He also 
 founded ("orneli ("olleiii'. at .Mount N'ernon. Iowa, lie was an elder 
 brother of the late -I oh n 1 Slack ( 'oriudl. and t he latter was ajiprenticed 
 to him in the iron business. The son of Thoinas ( "orneli. i;randson of 
 Hon. Whitcdiead ("oi'ucdl. and descended from Thomas ( 'orntdl. who 
 settled at I"lushiii:n. L. 1.. in 1043. William W. Coriudl was born in 
 Far TJockawav. L. 1., .January 1. 1S2:>. and died at I'lul Washington, 
 New York City, .^larch IT, INTO. 
 
 COKNELL, JOHN ULACK. founder and until his death in 1887 
 the head of the famous iron-nuinufacturin<4 house of .1. H. i^t J. M. 
 Coinell. did nuudi for the general development of the business of 
 wliii li his OW71 tirni became so ])rominently representative. He pa- 
 lenlt'd in 18r)4 a method (d' joininii the metal slats of revolving shut- 
 ters for store windows, and two years later patented a metallic sur- 
 face for fireproof partitions whi(di would support plaster. The use of 
 ii'on in building became nuudi moi-e practii-able through these inven- 
 tions. He was an abolitionist, a believer in tenijierance reform, and a 
 ])r(uniTUMit and liberal niend)er of the .Methodist Episco]>nl Thurch. 
 For fouiteen years he was I'l'esident of the New York City < 'hun h E.\- 
 teusion and Missionary Society, and was President of the Board of 
 Trustees of Drew Theological Senunary. He was a. trustee of many 
 benevolent institutions of this city, and connected with the Methodist 
 Church elsewhere, and a generous contributor to them. He was 
 lineally descended from Tluunas Corn<dl, son of Iii(diai-d. of London, 
 who arrived in .Massac husetts in 1(>;>(I. and removed later to Khode 
 Island, and thence to Flushing, L. I., where in 1643 he obtained a 
 grant of land from Covernor Kieft. .V ](ai-t (d' his estate was known 
 as Corncdl's Neck, and subse(|ueiitly as Willetfs I'oint. His de- 
 scendants were locally prominent. Mr. Cornell's father was Thomas 
 Cornell, and his grandfather, Hon. Whitehead Cornell, a member of 
 the Assembly. Born in Far I{o( kaway, L. I., about 182."), Mr. Cornell 
 served a seven years' apprenticeship with his elder brother, then at the 
 head of a modest iron firm, was associated with him for several years, 
 and in 1847 founded a business of his own whi(di was developed into 
 the notable house oi.]. B. ^; .T. .M. Cornell. 
 
 CORNELL. .lOlIX .M.. head and sole juoprietor of the world-re- 
 nowned house of .1. B. i^ .T. .M. Cornell, iron manufacturers ami con- 
 structors, is also a director of the New York Beal Estate ^Vssoeia- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK HIOGRAPHY. 
 
 109 
 
 linii and tlif Dear Hill Coiiipany. He was honi in New \'i)rk City. 
 Ajiiil '21. lS4(i. u]) to liic a.nc of tiftt'cii attended jji'lvate schools, incliid- 
 m<x Mount \\asliinj;toii C"<dl('i;iate Institute, and then enlered his 
 father's iron works. He acquired proticieucy so rapidly that at the 
 age of se\'enteen he became foreman, and at tjie age of twenty-one 
 became his father's partner under the hrm-style which is still retained. 
 He has conducted the great business aloue since his father's death. 
 ITe is a member of the Sketcdi and T'.iiilding Trades clubs, and in 1S7:_{ 
 married .Sarah Keen. 
 
 STFIJCTS, FKANK K-VKIHT. in .Tanuary. lS(i!», becami- a partner 
 in the New York banking tiiin of ("apron, Strong vK: (Jomiiany, 
 which in 1871 became \\'ork. Strong & Company, and subsequently 
 Strong, Sturgis & Company, the jjresent style. In \Si\U he became 
 a member of the N<'w York Stock Exchange. In 1S1J2 he became 
 its President, and the following year was re-elected. Upon the 
 (U-ganization of liie •loidiey Club he became its Secretary and 
 Treasurer and a member of the board of stew- 
 ards. He was one of the founders of the 
 Madison S(]uar<' (iarden Comjiany, and is 
 its President. He is also a director of the Na- 
 tional Horse Show Association, the New York 
 Quotation Company, and the (Quicksilver .Min- 
 ing C'ompany. He is a governor of the .Mcli-o- 
 pcditan ( "lub, as he is of the Knickerbo(d<er ( "lub. 
 the Turf and Field Club, and tlie West(diester 
 Kacing Association. In addition to those men- 
 tioned, he is a nieniber of the I'luon, Fnion League, Ccnliny, City, 
 Coaching, Players", AVhist, l*o(dcaway Hunt, New York Yaidit, Larch- 
 mont Ya(dit, and Country ( lubs, and the New England Society. He 
 was born in this city September 19, 1S47, the son of William Sturgis 
 and Elizabeth K. Hinckley. He married in 1S71.' Florence, daughter 
 of Pliilii) ^fesier Lydig, of New 'S'oi-k. 
 
 V, 
 
 I 
 / ' 
 
 STCI!(iI.S ARMS. 
 
 GKISWOLD, CHESTEK, is (.ne of the leading steel and iron maii- 
 ufactur(n-s in the TTnited States, lie is President of the Crown 
 Point Iron (Company, and A'ice-I'resideiit of several other comjwinies. 
 He is also a director of the Adininda.k Kail way Conijiany. the Knt- 
 land Ifailroail Coni]iany. and the Hudson Iviver Ore and li'on Com- 
 jiany. He has served many years as Treasurer of the American 
 Protective Tariff League. He is a member of the Fnion. Metropoli- 
 tan, Tuxedo, l{ac(|uet, Piding. Sonthside Sportsmen's, and New York 
 Yacht clubs, the Downtown Association, and the Sons of the Pevolu- 
 tion. He married a daughter of Colonel Le Crand P.. Cannon, (d' this 
 city. He is the son of the late Hon. .I(din .\. ( iiiswold. ])rincipal own- 
 er of the Peusselaer Iron Company, and one of the introducers at the 
 
110 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Bessemer steel ]>r(n-ess into lliis cniiiitrv; .flavor of Ti'dv, ^». V., in 
 18r)(), tlie associate of C. F. Bushiicll and .loliii E. Winslow in buildiuii 
 tlie ^Monitor in 1.S(>1, Tinstce of tlie IJensselaer rolvteelmie Institute 
 from ISC.O to 1872, Member of ronj^icss from lS(i:5 to 18G9, and Re- 
 ]»ub]i(an candidate for (Tovernor of this State in 18(18. The latter Avas 
 the son of Clement (rrisA\old, (.grandson of Simon (iriswold, a Revolu- 
 tionary soldier, and a deseendant of Edward Griswold, who emiiLirattHl 
 from Keuilwortli. Euoland, to Connecticut in 1639, and became a 
 magistrate and dcjmty to the ticncral court. 
 
 ENO, AMOS RICHARDS, for about twenty .years subsequent to 
 1831 was engaged in the drygoods business in this city in partnership 
 with his cousin, John J. Pheli)s. From about 1850 until his death in 
 1898 he devoted his energies mainly to real estate investments, leav- 
 ing a fortune of some .f2(),(MI().()00 so invested. He was the builder and 
 owner of the Fifth Avenue Hotel, and a director of the Second Na- 
 tional Bank and other linancial institutions, lie was a member of 
 the Reform Club and the New England Society. He bequeathed 
 •IfSCOOO to Amherst Colh^ijc and |ir>0,(>00 as a fund for indigent mem- 
 liers of the New York Chamber of Commerce and needy widows or 
 children of deceased members, witJi tlie addition of another |100,()00 
 should members of the Chamber raise a like sum. He either be- 
 (]Ueatlied or liimself gave before his death ft), 000 to the Cemetery 
 Association of Simsbury, Conn.; fT,000 to the Congregational Society 
 of the same; .|3,000 to the New York Juvenile Asylum, and -IR.^OOO eacli 
 to the American Home Missionary Society, the American Sunday- 
 scliool Fnion, the Colored Oipjuui Asylum, the l>eniilt Dispensary, 
 the I'rotestaut Half-or])iian Asylum, the Association for the Relief 
 of Respectabh- Aged and Indigent I'eniaies, the Home for Old Men 
 and Aged Cou])les, the New York Cancer Hospital, the Society for the 
 Relief of Ru]>iiired and Crijipled, tlie Training School for Nurses, the 
 X(nv York Institution for I lie P.lind, and the New England Society. 
 Born in Simsbury, Conn., in 1810, he was the son of Hon. Salmon 
 Eno, a member of the Connecticut Legislature in 1834, and was de- 
 scended from Dr. James Enno, a I><uidon graduate in medicine who 
 settled in Windsor, Conn., in 1G48. Mr. ICno married Lucy Jane, 
 daughter of Hon. Elislia IMiel])s, of Simsbury, who was long a member 
 of Congress and Speaker of the House of Kejiresentatives in 1821 and 
 1829. Two daughters survive him, with four sons — Amos F.,Dr. Heni-y 
 Clay, John Chester, and William Pheli>s Eno. It remains to speak of 
 a painful event which yet i-evealed in Mr. Eno a sense of honor in- 
 ducing him to make a sacrifice so great that it has no pai'allel under 
 like circumstances. In ^fay. 1884, his sou, John Chester Eno, then 
 President of the Sec()nd National Bank, disclosed to its directors that 
 he had used more than .|2,000,000 of the funds of the bank in specula- 
 tions and the attempt to make them good. When Aunts R. Eim was 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. Ill 
 
 iiifoniied of this lie at once yave ."|!;2.(»0(I,(»(HI to the bank, with subse- 
 (luent i)ayiiieiits of 195,000 and |-t7,r)()(), iluis eiiabliufi the institution 
 to meet the run made upon it. The saciifice of a fortune so immense 
 to satisfy a sense of l)nsiness honor will never be forj;otten. 
 
 EXO. A.MOS I'., the chlcst son of ihc late Amos Kichards Eno, 
 is an executor of liis instate, and was ion^' associated witli Ijis father in 
 the management of tlieir vei-y laryc real estate interests. Jle j-e- 
 ceived a larye inlieritance in i-econnition of his s<'rvices, being referred 
 to in liis father's will as having " h(d])ed me more than any one else in 
 the manaj;ement of my estate." lie is a director of the (Mtizens' In- 
 surance Company of New York and the Ann Arbor Railroad Com- 
 pany. He is a meml)er of the Cnion Leaiiue, .Manhattan and .Men- 
 delssohn Glee clubs, the ("entury Association, the Downtown Associa- 
 tion, the Liederkranz, the New Eujiland Society, and other oriianiza- 
 tions. He was born and educated in New York City, and early in life 
 enjiaj^ed in the real estate business. 
 
 HAVE:\IEYE1:, \YILTJAM. a desc.'ndant of Herman Havemeyer. 
 who was living in Bueckebnrg. (iermany, prior to KiOO, at the a,s><' 
 of fifteen emigrated from Germany to Loudon, England, in the clos- 
 ing years of the last century, and having acquired the art of sugar 
 refining, in 1799 immigrated to New Y'ork City. In the course of a 
 few years he was engaged in business on his oavu account, and was 
 joined by a younger brother, Frederick C. Havemeyer, who became 
 his i)artner in 1S07 under the firm style of W. & F. C. Havemeyei-. 
 William Avas the father of the late William F. Havemeyer. and 
 grandfather of the present William F. HaA'emeyer. Frederick C. 
 was the father of the late Frederick ( 'hristiau Havemeyer, and grand- 
 father of the present Henry Osborne Havemeyer and the recently de- 
 ceased Theodore^ A. Havemeyer. 
 
 HA\'E.MEVEK, WILLIAiM FirEDEKlCK. was four times nom- 
 inated for :\Iayor of New York City, and three times was elected to 
 the office. He was Mayor in 1S4S and 1S49, and 
 from 1S71 to 1874. He was also elected as the /y^t"^ 
 
 Democratic candidate in 1845, served one year, and // '-'^-y/^ 
 
 declined a renomination. In 1859 he was a candi- 
 •late, but was defeated by Fernan<lo W 1. He was active in opposi- 
 tion to the Tweed King in 1870, was X'ice-President of the historic 
 ■■Connnittee of S( venty," and subsequently its President, and became 
 its successful landidate for Mayor. He died while Mayor, in his office 
 in the City Hall, in November, 1874. Born in New York City in 1804, 
 lie was graduated from C.dumbia in 1823, and with his cousin, Freder- 
 ick Christian Havemeyer, in 1828 organized the firm of W. F. & F. C. 
 Havemeyer, sugar refiners. This partnership continued until 1842. 
 In 185rhe was~ elected President of the P.ank of North Amer- 
 
112 HISTORY OF THE (JREATF.R NEW VOKK. 
 
 ita, aiul in l.S.")? also IxTaiiic ricsidcnt nf t he New ^'(H•U Haviiiys Hauk. 
 llo was Vice-l'rcsidriii nf tlir rciiiisvhania (\ial ("oinpany, Vice-Pres- 
 ident of the Lonj; Island Kailroad Company, and a diroctor of other 
 forjioralions. In 1SI4 ho was a nionibor of tlio I (cinocratif (icnoral 
 ( "nnniiit tec of ( Ills cily. and also a I 'oik Presidcnl ial dcetor. Upon the 
 (•ivalion of tlic Stale I'xiard of l"]niijii'ation Coniniissioners in 1S47, lie 
 became its tiisl I'lcsident. lie was oiu' of the orij^inal members of 
 the Union I >efense ( 'ommittee dining t lie ( "i\il War. He mamed. in 
 1S2S. Sarah Ai^iies. daniililer of Hon. Hector Craiii. Conii'ressnian and 
 vSnrveyoi- of t he Port of New ^'ork. and had t wo daiiiihters — Mrs. Hec- 
 tor .\rnist roni; and .Mrs. Isa.ic W . .Maclay — and si.\ .sons — John, 
 Henry, Heel or Craiu, .lames. Clia lies, a nd William I'. Ila vemeyer, Jr. 
 
 HAVEMEYi:i;. I'KEDEKICK CHKISTIAN, son of I're.lerick C. 
 ITa\iMneyer. the yonniicr of the two orininal brothers in this city. 
 Mas born in New ^'ork in ISOT. and attended ("olnmbia (\dlege. lie 
 learned Hie business of sn,t;ar reliniug as an a](piciilice in the estab- 
 lishment of his father and uncle. \\'. i'<; E. O. llavemeyer, and with his 
 cousin, the lat<' Hon. W'illi.im \\ llavemeyer, in 1.S2S established the 
 suf^ar refininji linn of W. 1'. iV 1'. ('. llavemeyer. Upon the dissolu- 
 tion of this jiarlnership in 1S4L'. for some time he devoted himself to 
 the manaiicment of the large estate left by his father, and to tra\cl 
 abroad. In 1855, however, he established the sugar refining firm of 
 llavemeyer. Townsend i\; rom])any, which eventually became llave- 
 meyer iK: Elder. He i-esided in Westchester County, and for many 
 years was President of its School Board. He married, in 1831, Sarah 
 Osborne, daughter of Christopher Townsend. and had three daugh- 
 ter.s — Mrs. J. Lawrence Elder, .Mrs. Louis J. iJelloni. and Mrs. Ered- 
 erick NN'endell Jackson — and seven sons — Charles, Theodore A., 
 (ieorge W.. Henry Osborne. Thomas J., Warren II.. and Frederick 
 Christian Havemeyer, Jr. 
 
 nAYE:\rEYEi;. WILL1A:\I EKEHEKICK. youngest son of the late 
 Hon. ^Villiam E. llavemeyer, is N'ice-I'resident of the National Bank 
 of North America. N'ice-President of the Queens County Bank of Loug 
 Island City. ;iiid a director of the Union Eerry Comi)any, of New York 
 and Brooklyn; the Manhasset lm]irovement Comi)any. and the Eort 
 Worth and Eio (irande Kaihvay Coni|)any. He was formerly N'ice- 
 President of the llavemeyer Sugar Ketiidng Company, of which his 
 brother. Hector Craig, Avas Presidi-nt. He is a mend)er of the Met- 
 I'opolitan, Century, City, Grolier, Adirondack League, and New York 
 Yacht clubs, and the Downtown Association. He was born in this 
 city and educated in private schools. 
 
 HAYEMEVEK. IIENBY OSBOBNE, the most active member of 
 the notable familv which for a centurv has been identified with the 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 113 
 
 development of sugar refiiiiiin in this coniilrv. is rrcsidciit of the 
 American Sui-ar lictniini; ( "(iiiiiiaiiv. and a tlircctor of tiic American 
 Coffee Company, tlie IJrookiyn Cdoperage Com[)an.v, and flic Colonial 
 Trust Company. In 1809 lie became a parrncr in ilic celebrated 
 sn;iiar refining; finiL id' Ilavemeyer iV Elder, of wlii( li his lather, Fred- 
 erick Christian liavemever, was the head, while the othci- members 
 were Theodore A. and Thomas .1. 
 TTavemeyer, brothers of Henry 
 Osborne; his brother-in-law, J. J>a\\- 
 rence Elder, and Charles H. Senff. 
 Tleiiiy ( (shnrne Ihacnn-yei- de\cl- 
 ojicd reniai'kable aptitude for I lie 
 management of llie firm's business, 
 and the chief executive functions 
 gradually devolved upon iiini. lie 
 was chiefly instrumental in diiiaii- 
 izin^-, in 1S!)1, the American Su<i- 
 ar IJetining Company, wlii(di ef- 
 fected the consolidation of nearly 
 all the important refineries in the 
 Cuited States, lie is (Miiiaged in 
 breedinii' cattle, horses, and sheep 
 U]ion his country estate at (Jreen- 
 wicli, ('onn. He erected a jiublic 
 school building for the village of 
 Green\vi(di at a cost <d' .%'.")(),(»()( I. 
 
 He is a member of (he IJiding and (indier clubs. He married, in 
 1SS3, Louise Waldron. daughter of (ieorge \V. Elder, and lias two 
 daughters and a scm — Horace liavemever. 
 
 IIK.NHY OSISdKXE HAVKMKVKK. 
 
 DOWI), \\'1LI.IA.M, has been eminent as a niercliant, as a baidcer 
 ami financier, and in I he public life of New York City. Coming to 
 New York about 1S4.") he entei-ed the eni|)loy of Lyman Cook & Com- 
 l>any, subscMpuMitly became a jnnior partner umler the style of Cook, 
 Dowd i; Baker, and was long head of the house under the style of 
 ]>o\vd, r.aker & A\liilnian. He was rresident of the National Bank 
 of Xoi'lli America from ISTI until his retiremenf from the more active 
 executive responsibilities in ISitl, but is still a director and assistant 
 cashier. At the jireseiit time he is also \'ice-l'resident of the Mis- 
 souri, Kansas and Texas Kailroad Company, a trnst<'<' of the American 
 Surety Company, and a director of the Bowery Baid^, the Southwest 
 Coal and Inipi-ovenieut <'onii>any, and the Soulli Ynha Water Com- 
 pany, lie was elected ( 'hairman of the New York Clearing House As- 
 sociation in 1878 and re-elected in 187!). He was Cliaiinian of the 
 Finance Committee of the Importers" and Traders' Insuram-e Com- 
 pany for twenty-one years. From LS77 to 1883 he was Tresident of 
 
ll-t HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 the Ilannibal and St. Joseph Railroad. For ten years a member of the 
 Board of Edncation of this eity, he was Cliainnan of its Committee 
 on Finance for fonr years, and for several years Chairman of its Com- 
 mittee on Colored Schools. lie Avas also Chairman of the I'^xecutive 
 Committee of the Trnstees of tlie College of the City of New York. 
 He was Eepnblican candidate for ^Mayor of New York in 1880. From 
 1883 to 1888 he was a member of the Aqnednct Commission. He is 
 a member of the Union Leagne Clnb, the Downtown Association, and 
 the New P^nglaud Society. He maiTied, in 1851. IMaria Eliza Merrill, 
 of Clinton, Conn., and has a danghter and four sons — William B., 
 Colonel Ileman, Joseph, and (Jeorge M. Dowd. Born in Batavia, 
 N. Y., Angust 30, 1821, Mr. 1 »owd is the son of Joseph Dowd, merchant 
 and owner of several shi]»s trading with the West Indies, by his third 
 wife, Tolly, danghter of Deacon Joseph Dntton and IMiscilla Stnart, 
 and granddaughter of Sir Elkanah Stnart, who was disowned by his 
 family for marrying a French Iliignenot. He is the grandson of Jo- 
 seph Dowd and his wife, Mary lilatchley, some of whose ancestors 
 came over in the Mayflower, and is a descendant of Henry DoAvd, who. 
 in in:'!), accompanied Bev. Henry Wliitfield from England to Guilford, 
 Conn. 
 
 DREXEL, JOSEBH W., Avas one of the most notable bankers in the 
 history of American finance. Boin in IMiihidelidiia in 1831, he was 
 one of three sons of the late l^rancis M. Drexel, an accomplished Aus- 
 trian artist who. having fidlowed his [irofession in Philadel])liia until 
 1840, engaged in banking. Having s[>ent several years in his fatlier's 
 banking house in IMiiladelphia, Joseph W. Drexel established a 
 bi-anch house in ( 'hicago. Relurningto Philadeljiliia u])on his father's 
 death in 1871, he formed his notable alliance witli the late Junius S. 
 Morgan, head of tiie London baulking tirni of J. S. .Morgan & Com- 
 pany, and father of tlie ])res(Mit J. Fieiiiont ^lorgan. Mr. Drexel thus 
 became head of the famous New Yorl< banking liouse of Drexel, Mor- 
 gan & Company, and so remained until his death in 1888. He was also 
 head of the allied house of Drexel. Harjes i^- (*om])any. of Paris. 
 Sinularly, he retained his interest in the associated Philadelphia house 
 of Drexel & Company, while he was a large owner of the Philadelphia 
 Pnhlir jAiUjir. He largely retired from active lousiness in 187(1 and 
 had leisure to interest himself in the musical and artistic interests of 
 New York City. He was President of the Philharmonic Society and 
 a director of tlie ^letropolitan 0]iera House. He was a trustee of the 
 Bartlioldi Statue Fund. A generous patron of the iIetro]>olitau Mu- 
 seum of Alt. he presented to it valuable paintings, a collection of 
 Egyptian (uigraved stones, and other art objects, and a collection of 
 musical instruments of all nations. By bis will he bequeathed to 
 Lenox Librai-y his notable musical library of 7,000 v(dumes, embrac- 
 iu" the historv and lili'iature of music, ancient ami modern. He was 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 115 
 
 also a patron and a ti-ustce of the Ameii( an .Museum of Natural His- 
 tory. He married, in 1865, Lucy, daughter of Thomas Lloyd Wharton, 
 of Philadel]ihia, who survives Inm with tlicir four dauirhters — Airs. 
 Charles Brigliam Penrose, of IMiiladelphia ; .Mrs. Erie B. Dahlgren, of 
 St. Paiil; Mrs. John Viuton Dahlgren, of New ^'ork, and Josephine 
 Wharton Drexel. 
 
 Mrs. Drexel is an art and book collector, and the owner of one of 
 the most notable libraries of rare books and manuscripts in the United 
 States. Her ancestry is interestinn'. Her grandfather, Kearny Wliar- 
 ton, was President of the Common Council of Philadelphia, and other- 
 wise eminent, while her great-grandfather, Thomas Wharton, Jr., was 
 President of the Supreme Executive Council of Pennsylvania. She 
 is sixth in descent from the founder of the family in Amerira, Elder 
 Thomas Wharton, member of the Council of Philadelphia, and son of 
 Richard Wliarton, of Westmoreland, England. She also descends 
 from Thomas Lloyd, tirst 1 )e))uty ( iovernor of Pennsylvania, and Pres- 
 ident of the Provincial <'ou7i.il fiom ir,84 to 1C)S8, and from IdVM) to 
 1603. Through him slie traces Jier lineage from Edward I. of Eng- 
 land by his tirst wife. Princess Eleanor, daugliter of Ferdinand of 
 Castile; from Alfred the Great, from Henry I. of France and Anne of 
 Russia, from Henry ITT. of England, and from Lady Antigone Plan- 
 tagenet, a descendant of Henry I\'. (d' England. 
 
 TIFFANY, CHARLES LEWIS, head of Tiffany & Company, the 
 leading jewelers and diamond importers in the United States, has been 
 actively engaged in business in this city since 1837, when he laid the 
 modest foundation of the i)resent house. Prior to the age of twenty- 
 five he had been in business in Killingsby, Conn., where he was born 
 February l.">, 1812, his fatlier. Comfort Tiffany, of New England de- 
 scent, being a cotton manufacturer in that place. In 1837 Mr. Tiffany 
 visited this city, and borrowing .|.")(I0 from his father established a 
 partnership here with J. P. Young, from liis native town. T'nder Hie 
 style of Tiffany & Young they began the sale of stationery and bric-a- 
 brac at 2.~)9 Ri-oadway. In 1841 J. L. Ellis became a partner, the firm 
 name changing to Tiffany, Young ^Vc Ellis. Tlu^ same year Mr. Young 
 visited Europe and the importation of I'^rench imitation jewelry was 
 begun, followed by that of gold jewelry and ])recious stones. Advan- 
 tage was taken of the fact that dianu)n(ls sold at about one-half their 
 value during the financial crisis in Paris in 1848. Investing all their 
 funds at this time, they became the largest dealers in diamonds in the 
 United States. \'arious < hanges occurred in the personnel of the firm, 
 while the ])resent style of Tiffany & Company was adopted. A remo- 
 val was made in 1847 to 271 Broadway, in 1854 to 550-52 Broadway, 
 while in 1867 the present site was ac(iuired. The house are silver- 
 smiths to most of the European sovereigns, and carried off the entire 
 lists of awards at the Philadel))hia Centennial Exposition in 1876 and 
 
116 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 tlie Talis Exjwsitioii in 18TS. Mr. Tiffany was created Chevalier of 
 the National I.eiiion of Honor of France and from tlie Emperor of Ifus- 
 sia received the I'raemia l)ij>no. He is a liberal patron of art, a mem- 
 ber of the Chamber <<( Commerce, a member of the Union and other 
 clubs, and one of the founders of the Union I.eaiiue Club, havin<i- been 
 an active supporter of the Federal (iovernment during the Civil War. 
 He built and ])resented to his son, Louis C. Tiffany, the notable man- 
 sion occupied by the latter on Madison Avenue. In addition to the 
 Presidency of the corporation of Tiff'any & Company, which maintains 
 branch houses in London and Paris, he is a trustee of the ^tate Trust 
 Company and a director of the Bank of the Metropolis, of which he 
 was an incorporator. He Avas married November 30, 1841, to Harriet 
 O., daughter of Judge Young, of Killingsby, Conn. Their golden 
 anniversary was celebrated in 1891 by tlicir two sons and two daugh- 
 ters. 
 
 TIFFANY, LOT^IS C():\rF<)PT, the well-known artist and architec- 
 tural decorator, may almost be said to haxc created a new art. He 
 has at any rate rehabilitated and improved an old one. Having estab- 
 lished a reputation as an artist, his attention was given to the decora- 
 tive arts in connection with architecture, and with the view of pro- 
 moting decorative worl< ami the making of colored-glass windows 
 he organized in 1878 the Louis C. Tift'aiiy and Associate Artists. This 
 subse(]ueutly became the Tiffany Class Comiiany, and was reorgan- 
 ized in 1892 as the Tiffany Glass and Decorating Company, the found- 
 er having been All nirectorand President through all these changes. 
 The chapel exiiibited by him at the ^^'orld■s Fair attracted wide atten- 
 tion. " One of the most marked incidents in the artistic career of 
 ]\fr. Tiffany was the revival of the mosaic theory in the construction 
 of a colored-glass window. Believing the work executed upon this 
 principle would give ihc best results, but finding that the glass then 
 obtainable in the markets (d' the world would not sup]dy him with 
 a range of color and texture of mati-rial necessary to carry out his 
 ideas, he immediately began a series of exjieriments thi'ough the me- 
 dium of existing ghi.'^s- houses. Becoming impatient, however, of their 
 failure to grasp his tlioughts, he established works of his own where 
 he succeeded in producing not only many of the finest effects that were 
 <>l)tained in the jiast, but also discovered new formulas by which he 
 could make glass unlinuted in its range id' c(dor and texture. ^Vith 
 this glass, which is known as ' Tiffany favrile glass,' he has not only 
 made windows of great beauty, but also vases and diffei-ent objects 
 of artistic interest, ^o marked weri' these in their departure from 
 anything known, and withal, so thoroughly good, that they at once 
 <-omnianded the admiration of the artistic world of Euroi>e, and in 
 consecjuence he was made a member, on .lune 1.", 1894, of the Societe 
 ?s'ationale des Beaux Arts of Paris." In addition to the Presidency 
 
I 
 
 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 117 
 
 of the Til'fauv Class and Duforatin^ Company, he is a director of Tif- 
 fany & Company and the Turner MacLine Company, and a trustee of 
 the American Fine Arts Society. The son of Charles L. Tiffany, of 
 Tifiany & Comjiany, he was born in this city February IS, 1848, and 
 studied art with Oeoriie Innes and Samuel Coleman, of New York, 
 anil Leon Bailly, of Paris, lie traveled in Euro])e and Africa and re- 
 turned in 1870. In J 871 he was elected an Associate of tlie National 
 Academy of Desitiu. and in 1880 an Academician. His pictures in- 
 lude "Dock Scene" (18()!)), "Street Scene in Tangiers " (1878), 
 "Study of (^uimper, Brittany " (1877 I, " Duane Street, New York" 
 (1878), " The C(dd)]ers at P.onfarick " (1888), " Feedino- the Flamiu- 
 ji'oes" (1888), and " [Market Day at Nuremberg" (1802). 
 
 STEWART, WILLIAM PJIINELANDER, born in this city, De- 
 cember 3, 1852, was educated by pj-ivate tutors and at Charlier's and 
 Antlion's schools; in 1873 was ^ri^duated from the Columbia College 
 Law School, and while for some years he was engaged in general law 
 ])ractice as a memlier of a ]ironiinent law Hrm, for many years he has 
 conhned liis attention to tlie family estate and charitable activities. 
 Appointed by Covernor Cornell in 18S2 a member of the State Board 
 of Charities, he lias served continuonsly since through re-appointments 
 by Govei'uor Flower and ( Jovernoi- Black, while since 1891 he has been 
 President of the Board. He has been Chairman of its Committee on 
 Reformatories, as he lias also of that on schools for the deaf. He 
 was President of the Twenty-tifth National Conference on Charities 
 and Correction. He originated tlie idea of the tnumphal arch wliich 
 spanned Fifth Avenue at Waslnngton Sipiare during the centennial 
 celebration of 1889, and was Secj-etary of tlie Committee which per- 
 petuated it in marlde. He lias been foi- many years a vestryman of 
 Grace Church, and since 18'.i;! has been its Treasurer. He is President 
 of the Tennis Building Assoc iation, a trustee of the Creenwicli Sav- 
 ings Bank, and a director of tlie Corn Exchange Bank. He is a mem- 
 ber of the Patriarchs, and the Union, Metropolitan. Tuxedo, Century, 
 City, Reform, and Church clubs, and is Secretary of the Downtown 
 Association. He is a member of the Chamber of Commerce. He mar- 
 ried, in 187".», Annie M., daughter of John A. Armstrong, of Baltimore, 
 and has living a daughter and a son — William Rhinelander Stewart, 
 Jr. He is himself tlie eldest of the two sons of the late Lispenard 
 Stewart, Sr., and .Mary Rogers, daughter of the late William Chris- 
 topher Rhinelander, and is grandson oi Alexander L. Stewart and 
 Sarah, daughter of Captain Anthony Lispenard and Sarah Barclay. 
 Alexander L. Stewart was in turn grandson of Robert Stewart, a cadet 
 of the royal house of Stewart of Scotland, who settled in New York 
 prior to the Revolution. 
 
118 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 IIUNTEE. JOHN, siuce 1850 lias beeu active iu developing the 
 American thorouiilibred horse and in freeing the raceconrse in Amer- 
 ica from the evils and scandals which havi' beset it. In 1800 he suc- 
 ceeded the late August Belmont as President of the American Jockey 
 Club, being the second to hold the position, and ujion his resignation, 
 in December, 1804, was himself succeeded by the present .Vugust Bel- 
 mont. In 1884 he was a Democratic Presidential elector. He was 
 born on Hunter's Island, Westchester County, February 27. 1833. in 
 the mansicm of his distinguished grandfather, who was one of the 
 leading men of the State, and for twelve years State Senator, and is 
 the son of Ellas Desbrosses Hunter and Ann, daughter of Peter J. 
 Munro, Secretary of Legation to Ciuted States Minister to Spain John 
 Jay, in 178(1. He was educated under private tutors, and at the 
 Columbia College Grammar School. He is a member of the Union 
 Club. He married Annie, daughter of Henry A, Middletou, of South 
 Carolina, and has eight children. The historic family estate was pur- 
 chased by this city and incorporated into its great system of " New 
 parks," and the old Hunter homestead, built of stone in 1813, still 
 stands in Pelham Park. 
 
 SMITH, WILLIAM ALEXANDEI!, head of the New York banking 
 firm of William Alexander Smith & Company, has beeu an active exec- 
 utive officer of many institutions of this city, in which he has beeu 
 engaged in business as a stockbroker and banker since 1845. He has 
 been President of the New York Stock Exchange, as well as its Treas- 
 urer. He is now Vice-President of the Continental Trust Comi)any. 
 In 1848 he became Treasurer of the New York Bible Society; since 
 1863 has been Trustee of the permanent fund of the Orphans' Home 
 and Asylum; since 1804 has been Trustee of the parochial fund of the 
 1'rote.stant Episcopal Church; since 1808 has been Treasurer of the 
 General Clergy Relief Fund; since 1868 has been a manager of St. 
 Luke's Hosi)ital, and since LSO!> Vice-Chairmau of its Executive Com- 
 mittes, while .since 1803 lias been President of the Slielteriug Arms. 
 He is also Vice President of the Protestant Episcopal City Mission; is 
 a manager of the Home of Incurables, and is a manager of tlie Society 
 for Promoting Keligion and Learning. He is a member of the Church 
 and Century clubs and the Sons of the lievolution. He married, first, 
 Clara JIary", daughter of Eev. Levi Bull, D.D. She died in 1857. He 
 married, in 1803, ilargaret, daughter of George Jones and Serena 
 Mason. He has a daughter, the wife of Kev. L. C. Stewardson, and 
 two s(ms — Robert Hobart and William Alexandei- Smith, Jr. Born 
 in Pottstown, Pa., September 9, 1820, he is Inmself the eldest surviving 
 son of the late L'obert Hobart Smith and Mary, daughter of Joseph 
 Potts and granddaughter of Judge Samuel Potts. His grandfather, 
 Major Robert Smith, of the Rev(dution, was for forty-eiglit years a 
 director and trustee of the United States Bank at Philadel]dna. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 11!) 
 
 HILLHOU.se, THU3L\.S. iu 1SS1> rmiiKled tlic .Mctiopdlitaii Trust 
 Compauy. of this city, auil \vat> its I'resideut until his dcatli in -luly, 
 1897. He was born at Watei-vliet, X. Y., March 1(1. ISKI. was ed- 
 ucated at Chase's Academy. Cliathani. N. Y.. and in IS.jl unulc (ieii- 
 eva. tliis State, his residence. He actively supixirlcd I'lcninnt for 
 President in 18.j(), an<l in IS.V.) was elected to the State Senate. From 
 1861 to 18()3 he was Adjutant* leneral on the staff (d' (iovermir E. 1). 
 Morgan, and ornaiuzed 20(1,000 men for service iu the Union Army. 
 President Limidn appointed him Assistant Adjutant-! leneral of Yol- 
 unteers. He was (dected ( "omittrcdJer of the State for the two years, 
 18G5 and 18(;(), and was active in 
 connection with the estahlishment 
 of Cornell University. I'resident 
 Grant bavin^H appointed him, in 
 1870, Assistant Treasnrer of the 
 United States at New York, he 
 ahly discharged the duties of that 
 important post until 1882. He was 
 tiu' oldest son of Thomas Hill- 
 bouse and Ann Yan Schaick Ten 
 Broeck, and was descended from 
 Kev. James llillhouse, who <'mi- 
 grated from Ireland to Connecticui 
 in 1720, being the son of John Hill- 
 house, of I'leehall, Londonderry. 
 Ireland, and nephew of Captain 
 James Hillhouse, JMayor of Lon- 
 donderry, and mentioned in Ma- 
 cau lay's great history for bravery 
 in the siege of Londonderry. Gen 
 
 era! Hillhouse married Harriet, daughter of I'liinehas Prouly, the 
 eminent banker of Geneva, X. Y., and had four daughters and two 
 sons — Thomas (iriswold Hillhouse and Phinehas I'l-outv Ililllionse. 
 
 GKX. THOMAS HILLIIOISK. 
 
 MACY^ JOSIAH, was born iu Nantucket. Mass.. in 178.J. the son 
 of a shipowner, and coming to New York City in 1828, with the late 
 William H. Macy, his eldest son, established the shipping commis- 
 sion firm of Josiah Macy & Son. Upon tlie admission to partner- 
 ship of another son in 1829 the style became Josiah Macy \- Sons. 
 One of the founders of the City Fire Insurance Comjiany, he was on 
 its directorate from 1833 until his death in 1872. He was also a 
 director of the Tradesmen's Bank. He retired from active Imsiness 
 to his estate at Eye, N. Y., in 18.")3. He married, in 1805, Lydia Hus- 
 sey, of an old Nantucket family. Two daughters survived him, with 
 five sons — William H., Charles A., Josiah ( i.. Francis II., and Jolin H. 
 Mi\c\. He descended from Thomas :\lacv. hoiii in Salisl)ury. Eng- 
 
120 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 laud, in 1608. who inuiiifiTatc'd to Newbury, Mass., iu 1639, aud iu 16.j9 
 became cue of the uiue purcha.sers aud proprietors of Nautucket 
 Island. His wife's ancestor was also one of these nine proprietors. 
 
 MACY, WILLIAM 11., eldest sou of Josiah Macy aud Lydia Hus- 
 sey, was born in Nantucket, Mass., in 1805, and there educated. He 
 early entered a shipping office in New York City. In 1826 he en- 
 gaged in business on his own account. Two years later his father 
 came to the city and became head of a shipping firm, William H. be- 
 coming his partner. Eventuallj' the latter engaged in other mer- 
 cantile enterprises. He was long a member of the New York Cham- 
 ber of Commerce, and was at one time its Vice-President. He was 
 President of the Leather Manufacturers' Bank, President of the Sea- 
 man's Bank for Savings, and Vice-President of the United States 
 Trust Company. He married Eliza L., daughter of Sylvanus T. Jen- 
 kins, and died iu 1887. His son, the present William H. Macy, is 
 connected with some of the institutious of which his father was Jin 
 officer. He is Vice-President of the Leather Manufacturers' Bank, 
 aud a trustee of the United States Trust Company aud the Seaman's 
 P>ank for Savings. 
 
 RIKEK, JOHN LAAVRENCE, for many years a prominent mer- 
 chant of this city, is an officer of a remarkable array of the more 
 important financial institutions of New York. He is Vice-President 
 of the Second National Bank, is Vice-President of the Atlantic Trust 
 Company, is a trustee of the Greenwich Savings Bank, the Fifth 
 Avenue Safe Deitosit Ciuupany and the Atlantic Mutual Insurance 
 Company, and is a director of the Bank of New York, the Bank of 
 New Amsterdam, the Plaza Bank, the Fidelity and Casualty Com- 
 pany, the Eagle Fire Company, the Continental Insurance Company, 
 the Greenwich Insurance Company, the Hanover Fire Insurance 
 Company, the Providouco aud Stouing-ton Steamshi]) Company, the 
 St. Paul and Duluth liailroad Company, the New York Zinc Com- 
 pany, the New York and Boston Dyewood Company, and the Laflin 
 and Band Powder Company. He is a member of the Metropolitan, 
 Union League, City, Biding, New York Yacht, Seawanhaka-Corinth- 
 lan Yacht, Mendelssohn Glee, and New York Athletic clubs, the Hol- 
 land Society, the St. Nicholas Society, the Downtown Association, 
 the Sons of the Revolution, aud the Society of Colonial Wars. He 
 was born at Bowei-y Bay, L. I., in 1830, and studied under private 
 tutors aud at Astoria Academy. He married in 1857 Mary Anne 
 Jackson, and has living three daughtei's and four sons — John Jack- 
 son, Henry Laurens, Samuel, and Charles Lawrence. He is himself 
 the son of the late John Lawrence Riker, lawyer, and Lavinia, daugh- 
 ter of Sylvanus Smith, and descends from Abraham Rycken, to whom 
 Governor Kieft granted lauds iu New Netherland in 1638. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 121 
 
 GOODWIN. JAMES JUNIUS, from ISOl until bis retii-cim-iit in 
 1871, he was associated with his cousin, J. Pierpont Morgan, in hanJc- 
 ing enterprises in this citv. as representing the London house of 
 George I'eabody & Conii)any. and as a member of the New York hnn 
 of Dabuey, Morgan & Company. lie is a director of the Erie Eailroad 
 Company, and a member of the Union, ^[etrojiolitan. Century. City, 
 liiding. and Church clubs, the New England Society, the Society of 
 Colonial Wars, the Sons of the American Revolution, the Sons of the 
 ReA'olution. and other organizations. He was born in Hartford, 
 Conn., was educated in private schools and the Hartford High School, 
 and traveled in Europe from ISoT to 1859. He married, in 1873. Jo- 
 sephine Sarah, daughter of Joshua B. Lippincott. who. during the 
 fifty years from 1830 to 188G. was head of the notable rhiladeli)hia 
 publishing house of Lippincott & Company, and has three sons. Wal- 
 ter Lippincott. James Lippincott. and Philip Lip])incott (ioodwin. 
 Mr. Goodwin is hiiiiself the son of the late James (ioodwin. of Hart- 
 ford, and Lucy, daughter of Joseph [Morgan. His father was for 
 more than thirty years President of the Connecticut Mutual Life In- 
 surance Company, and through him Mr. Goodwin is descended from 
 Ozias Goodwin, who was born in England in 1596. arrived in Bostcm in 
 1632, and was one of the founders of Hartford under Rev. Thomas 
 Hooker. Through his mother, Mr. Goodwin descends from Captaiu 
 Miles Morgan, one of the founders of Springfield, Mass. He also de- 
 scends from Thomas Olcott. another founder of Ilartf(n-d. and is great- 
 grandson of Captain Lemtiel Roberts, of the Revolutionary army. 
 
 IVES. BRAYTON. was graduated from Yale in 1861. and. enter- 
 ing the Federal service as Adjutant of the Fifth Connecticut Volun- 
 teers, was mustered out at the close of the war with the rank of 
 Brevet Brigadier-General, although but twenty-four years of age. 
 Coming to New York, he established himself as a stock broker in 1867, 
 and so continued until his retirement in 1889. One of the founders 
 of the New Y'ork Stock Exchange, for thirteen years he was a nu-mber 
 of its Governing Committee, was its Vice-President in 1876 and 1877. 
 and its President in 1878 and 1879. He was for many years President 
 of the Northern Pacific Railroad Company. In 1890 he was elected 
 President of the Western National Bank, and served fcu' several years. 
 He was formerly a director of the INIerca utile Trust Company, and is 
 now Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Westingh(uise El(>ctric 
 Manufacturing Company, and a director of the Western National 
 Bank, the United States Guarantee Company, the United Electric 
 Light Company, the Northern Pacific Railroad Company, the New 
 York Stock Exchange Building Company, and the Equitable Life As- 
 surance Society. He is a member of the Metropolitan. Union League, 
 Tuxedo. Century. LTniversity. Grolier. Riding, Players', and Lawyers' 
 clubs, the New England Society, the Dunlap Society, the Yale Alumni 
 
122 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Association, and tlic Military Order of thf Loyal Legion. He mar- 
 ried, in 18(17, Eleanor A., daughter of Kev. B. S. Bissell, of Xorwalk, 
 Coun.. and has three daughters and a son — Dr. Sherwood Bis'sell 
 
 Ive 
 
 (ieneral 1\ es descends from William Ives, who earlv emigrated 
 
 from England to Boston, subsequently becoming one of the founders 
 of New Haven, Conn. 
 
 \'AXI)E1;BILT, COIJNELIUS, popularly known as " Commodore," 
 laid the foundations of the fortune of this welhknown New York fam- 
 ily. He was boin on Staten Island, May 27, 17;U, and died in New- 
 York City, January 4, 1877. He was the sou of Cornelius Vauderbilt 
 and I'liebe Hand, niece of C\)louel Hand, an otticer in the Revolution; 
 was the grandson of Jacob Vauderbilt and Mary Hoogland; the great- 
 grandson of Jacob \'anderbilt and Xeeltje Denyse; the great-great- 
 grandson of Jacob Jause Vauderbilt and Maritje Van der Vliet, while 
 he was removed one generation further from Jan Aoertsen \'an der 
 Bilt, who came from Holland about 1(550, by his second wife, Dierber 
 Cornelius. Cornelius Vanderbilt received a limited education, and, 
 at sixteen years of age, borrowed money to buy a in-riduner, with 
 which he did a ferrying business between Staten Island and New York 
 ( "ity. At the end of two years he owned two boats, and had an inter- 
 est in another. The period of the War of 1812 was a good one for 
 his business and he ]ierformed many patriotic senices. In 1813 he 
 mari'ied his cousin. Sophia Johnson, and resided in New York. At 
 
 the age of twenty-three he was at 
 the head of the transportation 
 business in New Y'ork Harbor. In 
 1817 he became captain of a steam- 
 boat plying between New Bruns- 
 wick, N. J., and New York, while 
 he made New Brunswick his resi- 
 dence. He became manager of 
 this line. In 1824 he obtained a 
 lease of the New Y'ork and Eliza- 
 bethpoi't Ferry, ami organized a 
 profitable business. In 1829 he 
 bought the interest of Thomas 
 Gibbons, his former employer, in 
 the line between New Y^ork and 
 New Brunswick. During the next 
 twenty years he built numerous 
 steamboats and establhshed lines 
 of boats on Long Island Sound 
 and the Hudson and Delaware 
 rivers. Soon after the discovery of gold in California he established 
 a steamshiii line by way of Nicaragua, liis vessels ]dying in both the 
 
 ' COMMODORE CORNELIUS V.\NDERBrLT. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 123 
 
 Atlantic uud tlie Paoitic. lu 1851 a brauoli liue was established be- 
 tween New Orleans and Grey town. Wiieu the control passed out of 
 his hands, he rettained it by establishing opposition lines between 
 New Orleans and (ialveston and between New York and Aspinwall. 
 From 1855 to 18G1 he also operated a line between New York and 
 Havre. He received from Coni^ress a gold medal and vote uf thanks 
 for his gift to the Federal Government, in 18(12, of Ins finest steamship, 
 whicli had cost •'j^SOCOOO. In 18t;4 he retired from the sea, his fortune 
 being then estimated at about §40.(10(1,000. In 1811 he had acquired 
 an interest in the New Y'ork and Harlem Railroad Company, while, in 
 1857, he became its President. In 18(»1 he secured a controlling in- 
 terest in the Hudson River Kailroad, while, by 18()T, he had a like 
 interest in tlio New Y'ork Cential, and brought about the amalgama- 
 tion of the two roads. By subsequently gaining control of the Lake 
 Shore and .Mi< higan Southern he extended the system westward. 
 ^Ir. Vanderbilt gave one nuUion dollars to Vanderbilt University, 
 Nashville, Tenn. He purchased the Church of the Strangers in this 
 city for its jiastor when sold under the hammer, at a cost of |50,000. 
 lie was married a second time to I'rances Crawford, of Mobile, Ala., 
 liis tlurteen children being by his first wife. 
 
 Y^ANDERBILT, WILLIAM HENRY, eldest son and principal heir 
 <d' the late '•Commodore" Cornelius \'anderbilt, was born in New 
 Brunswick, N. J., May 8, 1821. He attended the Columbia College 
 Gi'ammar School and, at the age of eighteen, entered the employ of 
 tlio New York banking firm of Drew, Robinson & Company. His 
 health having broken down, his father purchased for him a farm at 
 New Dor]>, Slaten Island, which the son improved and made a paying 
 l»roperty. Having been invited to take charge of the affairs of the 
 Staten Island Railroad, which was in the hands (d' a receiver, he con- 
 nected it with New Y'ork by an independent line of ferryboats, and, 
 within two years, had met all outstanding claims, and had the roa<l 
 on a paying basis. After this demonstration of ability lie became his 
 father's associate in railroad management. In 18()1 he became Vice- 
 President of the New Y^ork and Harh'ui Railroad Company, and the 
 year following became Vice-President of the Hudson River Railroad 
 Company. After the consolidation of the latter with the New York 
 CiMilral, he became First Vice-President and Executive Officer of the 
 new corporation, while, in July, 1877, he was elected its Presid(Mit. 
 On IMay L 188?., he resigned the presidencies of all the roads with 
 which 111' was connected, his two sons, Cornelius and William Kissam, 
 becomiTig chairmen of the two boards iTi wluch the control of the 
 Vandei'bilt system was vested. ^Mr. Vanderbilt also invested a por- 
 tion of his fortune, .f53,000,000, in Government bonds, for convenient 
 dis])os,il among his heirs. Mr. Vanderbilt gave a nullion dollai-s to 
 the New York College of Physicians and Surgeons, and divided a sirai- 
 
124 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 lai* amoiiut between ^'an(lel•bilt Uiiiversity, the MetroiJolitau ^luseuin 
 of Art, t]w Yfiimji' Men's Christian Association of New Yorlc City, St. 
 Luke's Hospital, and otlier institutions. He defrayed tlie expense of 
 the removal of the obelislc from Egypt to Central Park — .fiOU.UUO. 
 He Avas the owner of Maud ><., Aldine, and other animals which had 
 exceiitioual trottiny records. He marned Maria Louise Kissam, 
 dauiihter of Eev. Samuel Kissam, a clergyman of the Dutch Reformed 
 Church, and had nine children, of whom eight, four sons and four 
 daughtei's, survived him. The daughters are Mrs. Elliott F. Shepard, 
 Mrs^ AAllliam D. Sloane, Mrs. H. 31cK. Twombly, and :Mrs. W. Seward 
 AA'ebb. Mr. Yanderbilt erected the large brownstoue double house 
 on Fifth Avenue and Fiftv-first Street. 
 
 VANDEKBILT. CUIIXELIUS, present head of the \an.lerbilt fam- 
 ily, is the oldest son of the late William H. Yanderbilt. and grand- 
 
 S(>n of tlie late "Commodore" 
 Cninelius Yanderbilt, founder of 
 Ihc family fortunes. Conjointly 
 with his brother, William K. 
 \'anderbilt, he has the huaucial 
 control and management of the 
 richest railroad system on the 
 .\merioan continent, consisting of 
 forty-three closely aftiliated cor- 
 ])orations, which operate si.xteen 
 tliousand miles of track. He is per- 
 sonally a diret-tor of fifty railroad 
 companies, of many of which he is 
 cither President or AMce-Pi-esident. 
 He has made many liberal gifts. 
 The ])ossessor of one of the 
 finest private art collections in 
 New York, at a cost of .f 53,000 
 he purchased Rosa Bonheur's cele- 
 brated painting, " The Horse 
 I'air," and ])i-esented it to the Metrojiolitan Museum of Art. 
 In 1887 he devoted S;75,000 to the erection of the building for 
 the r;ulroad branch of the Y. M. C. A., at Madison Avenue 
 and I'orty fifth Street. In conjunction with his mother, the late 
 Mrs. Wiliian) H. A'anderbilt, he erected in 1891 the costly stone 
 and brick building on I'cu'ty-second Street, near Third Avenue, dedi- 
 cated to missionary work in connection with St. Bartholomew's 
 Church. He subscribed |100,000 toward the erection of the new 
 Protestant Episcojial Cathedral of St. John the Divine. With his 
 three brothers he built the Yanderbilt Clinic, and donated it to the 
 New York College of Physicians and Surgeons. He has erected a 
 
 CORXKLIU.'i VANDKEBILT. 
 
EXCYCLOPF.niA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 125 
 
 dui'iuitdiy for Yale Uuiversitv as a memorial of lii^; eldest sou. Will- 
 iam Heury Vanderbilt, who died diiriug his college course. He was 
 one of the company of eminent New York citizens who built the 
 new Opera House, after the destruction of its predecessor by fire. 
 August 27, 1892. Born at New Dorp, S. I., November 27, 1S43, his 
 boyhood was spent upon the farm which his father at that tinu' was 
 managing. Following the ac(iuisiti()n of an at-ademic education, he 
 became clerk in the Shoe and Leather Bank of this city, and for three 
 years was also in the euqdoy of the banking firm of Kissam Brothers. 
 In ISd.j his grandfather offered him a responsible jiosition in the of- 
 fice of the Hailem Jiailroad. In 1S(;7 he became Treasurer of the 
 road. Upon his grandfather's death in 1S77 he succeeded his father 
 as First 'N'ice-President of the New York Central and Hudson Biver 
 Railroad, in charge of its tiuauces. and upon the retirement of his 
 father in 1883 took the leading [)lace, which he has occupied since. 
 Severe sickness in very recent years has led him to spend much time 
 abroad, the responsible managenu^nt of their common interests thus 
 falling more than formei-l,\" upon ^Villiam K. ^'amh'rbilt. Early in 
 life yiv. ^'anderbilt married Alice (Twynne, daughter of an eminent 
 lawyc^r of Cincinnati. ( »f their seven children three sons and two 
 daughters survive, of whom two are married. Cornelius A'andtn'bilt, 
 Jr., the oldest surviving son. is married to a daugliter of Bichard T. 
 Wilson, the well-known banker; a daughter, (iertrude, is the wife of 
 Harry Payne ^V]litney, son of A\'iniaiii C. A^'hitney. 
 
 VANDEBBIBT. WILLIAM KISSA.AI. is President of the American 
 Horse Exchange, a director of the American Safe Deposit Company, 
 the New York [Mutual (Jas Light ('(unpany, and the ilorris llxui Coal 
 Mining Company, and is a director of about forty railroad corpora- 
 tions. I'or some time past the invalid condition of his brother. Cor- 
 nelius, has devolved the control and direction of the affairs of the 
 great Vanderbilt system entirely upon him, and he has distinguished 
 liimself by his success in achieving a more intimate and compact 
 afliliation of the corporations composing the system than had before 
 been attained. He has long been active in promoting yachting and 
 the interests of the turf. He is a prominent member of the Coney 
 Island Jockey Club. He was a member of the syndicates which 
 built the sloops Colonia and Defender, successful defenders of the 
 America's Cup. He also built the steam yachts Alva and Valiant, the 
 latter being the most elegant craft of the kind afioat. He has trav- 
 eled extensively, and sumptuously entertained aboard these vessels. 
 He joined with his brothers in founding the Vanderbilt Clinic. He 
 was one of the organiz.ers of the Metropolitan Club, and is a member 
 of the Union and other principal clubs. He built in tliis city the 
 notable residence on Fifth Avenue, at the corner of Fifty-second 
 Street, just north of the ^^■illiam H. Vanderbilt ilouble residence, and 
 
126 HISTORY OF THE (iREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 a 11(1 less ni)tnl)lt' rewdeiicc at Xewixirt known as tlM-- " Marble House." 
 Tlic second son of the late William II. N'andeiliilt and .Maria Louisa 
 Kissam, be was born on Stateu Island, December 12. 1849. After 
 takin,ti" an academic conrse in tliis country, he comideted bis educa- 
 tion at (leneva, Swit/.erland. Jlet \irniiig be entered the office of C. C. 
 Clarke, Treasurer of the Hudson Kiver Railroad, and from a book- 
 keeper's api)rentice on a small salary worked his way through tlu^ de- 
 Ijartments. l^rom 1S7T to 1883 he was Sect)nd \'ice-Presideut of the 
 New- York Central and Hudson Eiver Kailroad; in 1882 became Presi- 
 dent of the New York. Chicago and St. Louis, and from 1883 was 
 Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Lake Shore and Micbiiiau 
 Southern, being its executive bead. He married Alva Smith, of Mo- 
 bile, Ala., now Mrs. O. II. P. Belmont, and has three (diildren — Con- 
 suelo, now the Duchess of Marlborough; \\'illiam Kissam, Jr., and 
 Harold. 
 
 NAXDEBIULT. ll^EDEEICK WILLIAM, third sou of the late 
 William H. A'anderbilt and Maria Louisa Kissam, was born in 1855, 
 and in 1878 was graduated from the Sheffield Scientific School of 
 Y'ale. Subse(]ueutly he worked his Avay through every department 
 of the offices of the A'anderbilt system of railroads. His residence in 
 this city, at the corner of I'ifth Avenue and I'^nlieth Street, the gift 
 of his father, was built by his grandfather. He also maintains a 
 Newport home, " Rough Point," and has an estate of 600 acres at 
 Hyde Park on the Hudson. He is a director or member of the Board 
 of Managers of twenty-six or more railroad corporations, and is a 
 director of the Lincoln National Bank, the Lincoln Safe Deposit 
 Company, the American Surety ( "omi)anv, the (luaranty Trust Com- 
 pany, and the American Horse Exchange. He is a member of the 
 Metroi)olitan, Knickerbocker, Tuxedo, University, and other clubs. 
 He oMus one of the tinest steam yachts, Con(|uer(U'. built in 1889 by 
 Russell & Company, of Port Glasgow. 
 
 YAXDERBILT, GE()R(;E WASHINGTON, has been a benefac- 
 tor of various institutions in this city and elsewhere. lie founded the 
 Thirteenth Street branch of the New Y'ork Free Circulating Library, 
 providing its building on Jackson Square. To the New York College 
 for the Training of Teachers, of Avhicli he was a trustee, he gave a 
 valuable property for a new site on Morningside Heights, adjoining 
 the jnesent site of Columbia College. He presented the room known 
 as the N'anderbilt Gallery to the American Fine Arts Society. The 
 value of this donation Avas .flOO.OdO. H(> also united with his broth- 
 ers in the erection and e(|ui])ment of the A'anderbilt Clinic. In addi- 
 tion to his residence in this city — one of the houses which constitute 
 the famous William H. Yanderbilt double house, occupying the block 
 on I'^ifth Avenue between Fiftv-tirst and Fiftv-secoud streets — he has 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 127 
 
 a summer residence at Bar llavbor, aud in 188.1 purcbasiMl KKi.ddO 
 acres of mountain laud ou tlic Freucli Broad River, near Aslicvillc. 
 N. C. Tliis lie has cdnvertcd into a vast park and improved estate. 
 with mansion and stal)les. and stocked with blooded cattle, sheep, aud 
 horses, making it perhaps the most notable country phice in America. 
 The fourth son of the late William H. Vanderbilt and .Alaria Louisa 
 Kissani, he was born at New Dorp, S. I., 2sovember 11, 18(;2, 
 [ and was educated by private tutors and at several famous schools. 
 He is a member of the Metropolitan. Century. City. Bacquet. New 
 Yoi"k Athletic, New York Yacht, Urolier, aud Players" clubs, the So- 
 ciety of the Sons of the American Bevolution, and other organizations. 
 
 DAXA, IvlCHARD STABB, was born in New York City in ISoG, in 
 I 1857 was graduated from Columbia College, and, entering the bank- 
 ing aud commission lumse of Bussell iS: Company, of Canton, China, 
 the largest American house in the China trade, became a partner in 
 1863. He is a member of the Union Club, the Sons of the Revo- 
 1 lution, the Society of Ccdonial Wars, the Colonial Society of the 
 I Acorn, and the Columbia College Alumni Association. He married 
 j Florine Turner, and has two sons — Richard T. and David T. Dana. He 
 is the son of the late Richard Perkins Dana, of tins city, aud his wife 
 Juliette H. Starr, aud is descended, through a line of clergynK'U, from 
 j Richard Dana, who came from England to Cambridge, ]Mass.. in KJIO. 
 His father was long engaged in business in Canton and Hong Kong. 
 China, but after retiring, resided in New York City, where he was 
 j one of the Governors of the Woman's Hospital, and served sixteen 
 years as a Director of the New Y'ork Juvenile Asylum. He ])ublished 
 ■ accounts of some of his travels. He died in 1894. 
 (I 
 
 SCHELL, ArCrl'STrS, having been graduated from Uinon College 
 in 1880, studied law in New York City and at the Litchtield Law 
 i School, and in 1833 was admitted to the bar and began practice in 
 this city. He became the partner of John Slossou in the law tirm 
 ; of Slossou c& Scliell; with Edward Slosson, brotlier of the above, 
 i formed the firm of Schell & Slosson, and subsequently received Waldo 
 Hutchins into pai-tnershi]> under the style of Schell, Slosson i^ Hutch- 
 ins. He soon acquired a large real estate and corporation prat-tice, 
 ! becoming counsel for many prominent merchants, as well as cotinsel 
 for a number of leading baidvs and insurance companies. He became 
 active in politics, and for many years was Chairman of the Tammany 
 i Hall Cleneral Committee. He came within a few votes of receiving 
 the nomination as Governor of the State in the Democratic State 
 : Convention of 1852. He presided over the Democratic State Con- 
 ' ventions of 1853, 1851, and 1855. In 1854 he refused the nomination 
 as Mayor of New York, Avhich was equivalent to electimi. He was 
 for four Years Collector of tlie Por-t of New York, under aiqMiintment 
 
128 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 by President RucIiaTuiii in 1857. Upon retiriiij;' from this office he 
 (lid not resume tlie practice of law, but became active in counection 
 Avitli tli(^ ^'anderbilt railroad interests. In 1862 he became a director 
 of tli<' Harlem Jfailroad Company, in ISHl entered the directorate of 
 the Hudson IJiver JJailmad ("onijiany, and in ISO" became a director 
 of the New York Central IJailroad Company. Upon the consolidation 
 of the two last-inentioned, he was elected a director of the new cor- 
 poration. 'J'he i^ake Sliore and ]Michi};an Southern Ifailway Company 
 was or«>anized the same year by the consolidation of four roads, and 
 Mr. Schell became Vice-President of the new corporation. lie was 
 also a director of many other corporations in the \'auderbilt system, 
 includinfi- the CliicaiiO and Northwestern, the Michigan Central, and 
 the Canada Soul hern. Tie was a director of the Union Pacific both 
 before and after its consolidation with the Kansas Pacific and the 
 Denver Pacific. lie was for some years one of the vice-presidents 
 of the \\'estern Cnion Telegiaph Company, and was a trustee of the 
 Union Trust Company and a director of the Manhattan Life Insurance 
 <Jomi)any. He was a member of the Constitutional Convention of 
 1807. He was a member of the National Democratic Convention 
 which nominated Horatio Seymour for the Presidency in 18G8. In 
 1872, (rovernor Hoffman appointed him on the Constitutional Com- 
 mittee which recommended important amendments to the Legislature. 
 The same year he rescued Tamnmny llall from the Tweed ring, and 
 was elected Grand Sachem. He was Chairman of the National Dem- 
 ocratic Convention in 1872, and issued the call for the National Con- 
 vention which nominated Samuel J. Tilden for the Presidency in 1870. 
 Mr. Schell was a Presidential elector on the Tilden ticket in New 
 York. He was an active member of the New York Historical Society, 
 and served on its Executive Committee, as its \'ice-Presideut and as 
 its President. From 180() until his deatli he Avas President of the New 
 York Institution for i he Blind, having iii-e\iously been its Treasurer, 
 and since 1849 tme of its executive officers. He was a trustee of the 
 lioosevelt Hospital, as he was also of the New York Eye and Ear 
 Infirmary. One of the founders of the Manhattan Club, he was its 
 President from 1871 to 1877, and was its ^"ice-President from the latter 
 <late until liis death, March 27, 1881. He had been its 3Iauager from 
 the organization of the club in 1865 to 1871. He Avas one of the Gov- 
 ernors of the St. Nicholas Club. He maiTied, in 1873, Anna M., 
 daughter of George S. Fox and granddaughter of Thomas Leggett. 
 His widow survived liini. Init he left no issue. Mr. Schell was born 
 in Tlhinebeck, N. Y., August 1, 1812. the son of Christian Schell and 
 I']lizabeth Hughes, of German and Welsh antecedents, respectively. 
 His grandfather, Richard Schell, immigrated to America from Ger- 
 many prior to the Uevolution. The father of Augustus Schell was a 
 merchant at Khiiiebeck, and during the War of 1812 raised a comiiany 
 of soldiers and iiartici])ate(l in the defense of New York City. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 129 
 
 BAliCOCK, t>AMrjOL J)., is oue of the most emim-iit Imsiuess ex- 
 ecutives and liiiaiiciers in New York ("ity, and is an officer of a for- 
 midable list of important corporations, of several of which he is presi- 
 dent. OftheXew York IJeal Estate Association lie is I'lesident, as he 
 is also of the Manhattan Heal Eslate Association, of i lie ( 'oionial IJeal 
 Estate Association, and of the Central Real Estate Association. He 
 is President of the Interimtional I'xdl 'rele])iiom' Company, and of the 
 Downtown Association, and is Treasnrer ui' tlie Imjiroved Ihvelliugs 
 Association. He is a director or trustee (d' the .Vmerican Exchange 
 National Kank, the Bank of New Amsterdam, the National Union 
 Bank, the Central Trust Comx)an.v, the Ciiaianty Trust Company, the 
 United States ^Mortgage and Trust Company, the Eifth Avenue Trust 
 Company, the Continental Instirance Company, tlie ^lutual Life In- 
 surance Company, the United Btates Lloyds, the New York Central 
 and Hudson liiver Tvailroad Com])any, the Harlem IJailroad Com]>any, 
 the l'ro\idence and Stonington Steamshijt Company, tlie Metroiiolitan 
 Opera and IJeal Estate Company, the City and Siilmrhan Homes Com- 
 pany, the Navesink Park Com]iany, tlie ^lanufacturing Investment 
 Comi)any, and the Po]>nlar Photogra])li Comjiany. He is a member of 
 the Union, Metroixiiitaii, and other clubs. He was horn in Khode 
 Island, and is lineally descended from James Babcock, who. born in 
 Essex, England, in IT^Si), was one of the Puritans that emigrated to 
 Leyden, Holland, and thence to Plymouth C(dony. In his direct line 
 appear (_'ai)tain .Tohn P.al)co(di, of Plymouth and Iihode Island; Cai)- 
 taiu James Babcock, (d' Westerly, K. I.; Hon. Joshua Babcock, a Yale 
 graduate, Chief Justice of Rhode Island and Speaker of its Assembly, 
 and C(don(d Henry Babcock, Commander of the Continental forces of 
 Rhode Island in the Revohition. 
 
 CARNEGIE, ANDREW, is the largest manufacturer of pig iron, 
 steel rails, and coke in the world, is a well-known writer on political 
 economy, an ardent advocate of radicalism in England through the 
 medium of the press, and tiie author of many benefactions in the 
 United States and Great Britain. While he has long been a resident 
 of this city, he is much abroad. At the cost of .'ifr)(l,00() he erected for 
 the Bellevue Hospital Medical College in 1S84 a Hve-story building 
 containing three general laboratories and an auditorium. He is one 
 of the ten founders of the Thirteenth Street Branc h of the Free Cir- 
 culating Library, each of a\ hicli contributed |5,000. It w^as his capi- 
 tal which was princiiially ventured in the erection of the notable 
 Carnegie :Music Hall, Seventh Avenue and Fifty-seventh Street. He 
 is President of the Keokuk and Hamilton Bridge Company and a di- 
 rector of tho :\rusic Hall Company and the Pittsburg, Bessemer & Lake 
 Erie Railroad Company. He gave lifnoiMtOd lo Pittsburg for a ])ublic 
 library in 1885, and $250,000 to Allegheny City for a music hall and 
 libi'arv in ISSH. He also gave .«;250.nnn for a friM- library in Edinburgh, 
 
130 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 and 140,000 for a free library in Duufermline, Scotland, likewise estab- 
 lisliin;Li public swiumiing batbs in tlie latter city in 1S79. He has 
 established several libraries for the employees of his vvorks. He has 
 owned and directed the iiolicy of as many as fourteen newspapers in 
 Great Britain at one time, usinsi' them as a propaganda of the princi- 
 ples of democracy. Tliis is also the theme of liis nmst famous volume, 
 "Triumphant Democracy; or. Fifty Years' March of the Republic" 
 dSStJl. Besides liis many contributions to ])eriodical literature he 
 
 has likewise published 
 '■ An American Four- 
 in-Hand in Britain " 
 (1883) and "Bound 
 th.' World" (1884). 
 He was born in Dun- 
 fermline, Scotland, No- 
 vember 25, 1835, the 
 son of a humble w(^av- 
 ei\ who came to the 
 United States in 1845, 
 settliuii' at Pittsburg. 
 Here the boy in turn 
 attended a stationary 
 euiiine, was a t(drgrapli 
 messenger, and became 
 a telegraph operator, 
 eventually obtaining 
 the ])osition of manager 
 of the telegraph lines 
 and clerk to the sui)er- 
 intendent in the Penn- 
 sylvania Railroad office 
 ;it Pittsburg. His first 
 stroke of fortune came 
 with his activity in i)ro- 
 moting ^fr. ^^'oodruff's 
 invention of the sleep- 
 le was appointed Sujierintendent of the Pittsburg 
 Pennsylvania llailroad. His next fortunate specu- 
 
 ANDREW CARNEGIE. 
 
 ing-car. Later 
 Division of th( 
 
 lation was in joining the syndicate Avhich purchased for •|<40,000 the 
 Storey farm on Oil Creek. The flow of oil from this property yielded 
 as much as ."JiJl, 000,000 in clear ])rotit in a single year. He 
 next joined with others in establishing a rolling mill, and in the 
 course of some years was at the head of the greatest system of 
 steel and iron works which a single person has ever controlled, in- 
 cluding the Edgar Thomson Steel Works, the Pittsburg Bessemer 
 Steel Works, the Union Iron Mills, the Hai-tman Steel Works, the 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OE NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 131 
 
 Sc-otia Ore Mines, the Union Mill of ^Vilson, Walker ^: Company, the 
 Luey I'ui'naces, the Friek Coke Company, and the Keystone Bridge 
 Works. 
 
 SAGE, lU'SSELL, while jirominent in Whijj, polities in this State 
 early in life, has come into national prominence as a railroad financier 
 in this city. Born in Verona, X. Y., in ISIG, he is the son of Elisha 
 Sage and Prndence Kisley, both of New England ancestry. He at- 
 tended the pnblic schools, at an eaily age entered the store of his 
 brother in Troy, N. Y., and at the age of twenty-one became his broth- 
 er's partner. He snbseiiuently accinired the sole interest, and in 1839 
 established a wholesale business. Still later he became a produce 
 commission merchant and established connections in New York City, 
 which enabled him to control the produce markets of Troy and Al- 
 bany. In 1845 he became an Alderman of Troy, and during seven 
 years was also Treasurer of Rensselaer County. In 1848 he was a 
 delegate to the Whig National Convention. He was an tinsuccessful 
 Whig candidate for Congress in 1850. Two years later he was a mem- 
 ber of the Troy Common Concil, the same year he Avas elected to Con- 
 gress, and in 1854 was re-elected by 7,000 majority. He participated 
 in the formation of the Republican party in this State. As a Councilor 
 of Troy in 1852 he was active in the sale of the Troy and Schenectady 
 Railroad, then owned by that city. About 1857 he became a large 
 owner of the La Crosse Railroad (now the Chicago, Milwatikee and 
 St. Paul), and was ele<ted a director and subsequently Vice-Presi- 
 dent. About 18()1 New York City became the scene of his operations. 
 He traded principally in railroad securities, and since 1808 has been 
 a member of the New York Stock Exchange. In recent years he has 
 been connected with many corporations with which the late Jay Gould 
 was also prominently identified. At various times he has been Presi- 
 dent of more than twenty-five railroad coi-]K)rations. He is now Presi- 
 dent of the Standard Gas Light Company, is President of the Pough- 
 keepsie and Eastern Railroad Cinnpany, Vice-President of the Albia 
 and Centreville Railway, and is a director of the Fifth Avenue Bank, 
 the Importers" and Traders" National Bank, the United States Guar- 
 antee Company, the German-American Real Estate Title Gtiarantee 
 t"oiii])any, the Hamilton Bank Note Engraving and Printing Com- 
 pany, the [Manhattan Railway, tlie Western Union Telegraph Com- 
 pany, the American Telegraiili and Cable Company, the American 
 Speaking Telephone Company, the (iold and Stock Telegraph Com- 
 pany, the International Ocean Telegraph Comitany, the New York 
 Mutual Telegraph Company, the Pacific Mail Steamship Company, 
 the Missouri Pacific Railroad, the Union Pacific Railway Company, 
 the Texas and I'acific Railway Company, the Wabash Railroad Com- 
 pany, the St. Louis. Iron Mountain and Southern Railroad Company, 
 the Shore Line Railwav. the Iowa Central Railway Company, and 
 
132 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 the Cliattaiionj;;! Sdiitliciii Railroad. Mr. Saiiv luarried, first, in 1841, 
 Maria, daughter of .Moses 1. Wiiiiic, of 'I'roy, who died iu 18(57. He 
 married in 1869, Mariiaret Olivia, daughter of Hon. Joseph Slocum, 
 of Syracuse, aud a descendant of Captain ^liles Standisli and of 
 Cohjuei llenry I'ierson, of Sag Harbor, >s. Y. In 18115, Mr. and Mrs. 
 Sage erected a notable dormitory for the Troy Female Seminary, of 
 wliicli ;Mrs. Sage is a graduate. 
 
 IXMAX, JOHN HAMILTON, having served four years in the Con- 
 federate Army, in the fall of 180.") came to New York City and engaged 
 iu the cotton business in a moderate way, establishing a firm Avliich 
 became the leading cotton house in the world, and of whicli he re- 
 mained tlie head until his death in 18!K;. He was also largely inter- 
 ested in Soutliern railroads and industrial enterprises. He was a 
 member (d' the IJapid Transit < 'ommission in this city from its creation 
 until Ins death. He was a memlier of the Metropolitan and Maidiat- 
 tan clubs and of the I'ifth Avenue I'resbyterian Church, of which Dr. 
 John Hal! was j)astor. He was born in Jefferson County, Tennessee, 
 in 1841. and enlisted in the Confederate service at the age of seven- 
 teen, haMug ]»re\ inusly been employed in a baidc in which he had risen 
 to the position of assistant cashier. He married, iu 1870, Margaret 
 McKinney Ccftin, of Tennessee, and had two daughters and four sons 
 — Hngli ^lartin, J(djn Hamilton, Jr., Frederick Clark, and Charles 
 Chade Inman. 
 
 INMAN, SAMUEL MAimX, cotton merchant of this city and At- 
 lanta, Ga., is the largest dealer in this line iu the United States. He 
 is a director of the Equitable Life Assurance Society, the Southern 
 Kailway Company, and the Atlanta Home Insurance Company. He 
 is a founder and a commissioner of the Georgia School of Technology, 
 and is largely interested in the Constitution rublishing Comi)any of 
 Atlanta and the Atlanta Land ('ompany. He was born in Dandridge, 
 Tenn., February 19, 1843, the son of Shadrach \V. Inman, a successful 
 merchant, and Mrs. Jane (Martin I Hamilton. His great-grandfather, 
 Abednego Inman, a Kevolutionary soldier, married Miss Thom])Son, 
 of Virginia. He worked in his father's store aud on a farm, and at- 
 tended the Maryville and Princeton colleges. The war calling him 
 a^\ay from the latter, he volunteered in the First Tennessee Cavah*y 
 and became lieutenant. In IStUJ he engaged in business at Augusta, 
 Ga. The following year he removed to Atlanta, and with his father 
 formed the cotton firm of S. W. Inman & Comjiany. ^Mth the return 
 of his father to Tennessee in 1870, the firm style became S. M. Inman 
 (Jt Company, under which it became the largest firm in the cotton 
 trade in the South. He is a brother of John H. Inman. 
 
 ADAMS, EDWAED DEAX, a member of the banking firm of 
 Winslow, Lanier & Company from 1878 to 1893, has achieved remark- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAniY. 138 
 
 able siircess iu reurganiziu;.'. eiubaiTas^cd corporations. At the pres- 
 ent time lie is President of the Cataract Construction Company, Presi- 
 dent of the Niagara Develoimient Company, President of the Niagara 
 Junction I\aihvay Company, President of the Nikola Tosla (Company, 
 Vice-President of the Central and South American Telegraph Com- 
 pany, Chairman of tiie Executive Committee of the Chicago Terminal 
 Transfer IJailroad Company, a member of the Executive Committee 
 of the Northern Pacific IJailway Company and subsidiary comi)anies, 
 the ^A'est Shore I\ailroad Company, the Xortheru Pacific Expn^ss 
 Company, and the Oregon ilailroad and Xa\igation ('(impany, and a 
 director of the Mercantile Trust Company, the New Jersey General 
 Security Com]>any, and the Amei-ican Cotton Oil Company. He or- 
 ganized tlie Northern Pacific Terminal Com]>any in 1SS2, and became 
 its President; in 1883 organized the St. Paul and Northern Pacific 
 Railway Company, becoming its Vice-President, and in 1885 organ- 
 ized the New Jersey Junction Eailroad Comi)any, constructed its 
 lines, and leased them to the New York Ci^itral. In 1885 he also 
 accomplished the delicate operation of a reorganization of the New 
 York, West Slioi-e and liuflalo Railroad, the New York, Ontario and 
 Western, and the West Shore and Ontario Terminal < 'oiiijiaiiy. lie 
 preserved the Central Railroad of New Jersey from a receiver by 
 his reorganization of it in 1887. In 1888 he was active in fioating 
 the bond issue of the Philadelphia and Reading, while in 1890 he re- 
 organizeil the American Cotton Oil Company. As tlie representative 
 of the Oerman bondholders he was (Chairman of the Reorganization 
 Committee of the Northern Pacific Railway Company in 1893. The 
 son of Adoniram Judson Adams, of Boston, he Avas born in that city 
 April 9, 1840, and in 18()4: was graduated from Norwich University, 
 Vermont. After spending two years abroad, from 1860 to 1809 he 
 was in the employ of a Boston firm of bankers and brokers. From 
 1870 to 1878 he Avas a member of the Boston banking house of Rich- 
 ardson, Hill & Comi)any, which he helped to organize. In 1878 he re- 
 moved to this city. He is a member of the Metropolitan, Tuxedo, 
 Union League, and otlier clubs. He was married, in 1872, to Fannie 
 A., daughter of William E. Gutterson, of Boston, and has a son and a 
 daughter. The son, Ernest Kempton, lias been graduated from Yale 
 and (I'olumbia. 
 
 WILLIAMS, GEORGE GILBERT, in 1811, when fifteen years of 
 age, entered the service of the famous Chemical Bank of New York 
 City, now the Chemical National, as assistant to the Paying Teller, 
 five years later became Paying Teller, being the youngest holding 
 that'position in New York City; in 1855 became Cashier, and since 
 January 1, 1878, has been its pVesident. He is also President of the 
 New York Clearing House Building ( \>mpany, is a trustee and Treas- 
 urer of the Institution foi- Savings of Mediants" Clerks, is a director 
 
134 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 and Treasurer of the Fabric ileas<urin,ii- aud Packing Company, is a 
 trustee of the Union Trust Company, and is a director of the Bond 
 and Mort,!;a,<;e Guarantee Company, the Fidelity and Casualty Com- 
 pany, the Title Cuarantee and Trust Company of Brooklyn and New 
 York, the United States Life Insurance Company, the Eagle Fire 
 Company, the Texas Central Bailroad, the Mexican Telegraph Com- 
 pany, and the Eastmans Company. He has served as President of the 
 
 New York Clearing House Asso- 
 ciation. Holding that position in 
 1893, he was ex officio member of the 
 historic Clearing House Committee 
 which so skillfully stayed the 
 i:)rogress of the panic of that year, 
 preventing a complete collapse, and 
 turning the tide almost at once to- 
 ward a restoration of confidence. 
 ]\Ir. ^^'illiams was born in East 
 Haddam, Conn., October !», 1820, 
 and was educated in the ])ublic 
 srhools and Brainerd Academy. 
 His lather, 1 >r. Datus Williams, was 
 for forty years the leading physi- 
 cian of East Haddam. and was 
 lineally descended rroiii IJobert 
 Williams, of Koxbury, Mass., where 
 he was admitted a freeman in 1038. 
 ;Mr. Williams married, in 1807, Yir- 
 cKORUE (iii.HKRT WILLIAMS. giula, daughtcr of Aaron King, of 
 
 Massachusetts, and has had five 
 children, of whom but one now survives. Mrs. Williams is a graduate 
 of Rutgers Female Sciiiiiiarv of New York City. 
 
 TOWXSEND, JOHN POMEROY, for many years a member of the 
 well-known mercantile firm of Duttou ^S: Townsend, from which he 
 retired in 1882, was in 1883 elected President f)f the New York Mart- 
 time Exchange, of Avliich he had previously been Yice-President; the 
 same year became Treasurer of the New York Produce Exchange; 
 from 1889 to 1894 was President of tlie Knickerbocker Trust Com- 
 pany, tile ailairs of which he brilliantly administered, and from 
 1891 until his deatii in 1898 was President of the Bowery Savings 
 Bank, the most poweil'iil savings institution in the world, having 
 assets of nearly 80'>,""<'.<"»<>- Of the latter institution he had 
 been First "S'ice-Presideut for twelve years. Second Vice-President 
 for eight years, and trustee for thiity years. He was consid- 
 ered the greatest authority on savings institutions, having contiib- 
 titeil aiticles to encyclopedic ^\orks, prei)arc(l paiiei-s for couven- 
 
EXCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 135 
 
 Tioijs in tliifi counti'T and fdi- three couoresses at Paris, and writ- 
 ten on " Postal Savinjis Banks " and " The t^ilver (Jnestiou." He was 
 also anthor of a " History of the Bowery Savings Banli, from its 
 Organization in 1834 to 1888." He was a member of the Committee 
 of Seventy whicli nominated William L. Strong for Mayor, serving on 
 its Execntive and Finance Committees. Since 187r) he liad Itccn a 
 trustee of tlie Kocliester University, wliere he founded a scliolarslnp. 
 He was a director (d" the Farmers" Loan and Trust Company, and a 
 trustee of tlie Knielcerbocker Trust Company. He was a member ui 
 the Chamber of Commerce. He also Avrote a history of tlie Madison 
 Avenue Baptist Church, whose society he served as Trustee, Treas- 
 urer, and President. Descended from Thomas Townsend. one of the 
 early Puritan settlers of Lynn, Mass., he was born in New England, 
 pa.^si-d !iis boyhood in Troy, X. Y., and has resided in Xew York City 
 since 1850, when he entered the employ of the house id' Wilson G. Hunt 
 & Conii)auy. A few years later he became one of the founders of the 
 mercantile house of Dutton .S: Townsend. 
 
 STEWART. .TOTIX AIK:\[AX, was principally instrumental in 
 organizing the United States Trust Company and securing its char- 
 ter in 1853; from that date until June, ISUl, was its Secretary, resign- 
 ing reluctantly to acce])t his appointment as Assistant Treasurer of 
 the United States at New York, which President Lincoln urged upon 
 him as a patriotic dtity. Upon the death of Joseph Lawrence, Presi- 
 dent of the United States Trust Company, in 1805, ^Ir. Stewart was 
 elected as his successor, resigned the Assistant Treasuryship, and 
 has been President of this notable corporation — the largest fiduciary 
 institution in the Western Hemisphere — continuously since. Mr. 
 Stewart is also a director of the Merchants' National I5ank, the Bank 
 of New Amsterdam, the Greenwich Savings Bank, the Equitable 
 Life Assurance Society, the London and Liverpool and <Hob(- Insur- 
 ance Company of England, and the Chicago and Alton Kailroad ( "oni- 
 pany. He is a ti-ustee of the John F. Slater Fund, of Princeton Uni- 
 versity, and of the Brick Presbyterian Church, and is a director of 
 the New York Eye and Eai- Infirmary. He was born in New York 
 City. Atigust 22. 1822. Through his father, he descends from the 
 famous Scotlish clan of Stewart, while his mother. Mary Aikman. 
 was also of Scotch descent. His father, in 18f7, emigrated from 
 Scotland to New York City, where he eventually held the offices of 
 Tax Assessor and Receiver of Taxes. John Aikman Stewart attended 
 the New York ])ublic schools, was graduated from Columbia College 
 in 1810, at the age of eighteen, and two years later was ap])ointed 
 Clerk of the Boai'd of Education of the City of New York, a i)ositioTi 
 lie held for eight years. Appointed Actuary of the I'nited States Life 
 Insurance Company in 1850, he at once distinguished himself in that 
 
136 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 IMisition. ITf rcsiiLiiied in lSr):>, however, to devote himself to tlie orgaui- 
 Ziitioii of the riiited States Trust Coiupauj. 
 
 SnrMONS, .TOSEPH EDWARD, President of the Fourth Na- 
 tional Uank sinee 18SS, served two terms ( LSyi-Gl as President of the 
 New York Stock Exchauge, and for nine years (1881-90) was a mem- 
 ber of the Board of I'^dncation, a portion of the time being its Presi- 
 dent. Jn 1885 he was the candidate of Samuel J. Tilden and others 
 for Collector of the Port, and has several times declined the Demo- 
 cratic nomination as Mayoi- when nomination seemed e(|uivalent to 
 election. Pesides the Presidency of the Fourth National Bank, at 
 the present time he is President of the Panama Bailroad Company, 
 Treasurer of the Love Electric Traction Company, a trustee of the 
 Bank for Savings and the Koyal Insurance Company of Eug- 
 laml, and a director of the Haul; of New .Vmsterdam, the National 
 Surety Comjiany, rhe XTnited States ( "asnalty Company, the New York 
 Clearing House Building Company, the Ann Arbor IJailroad Com- 
 pany, the Denver and Kio Grande Iiailroad Company, and the Pitts- 
 burg, Bessemer and Lake Erie Kailroad Comi)any. He was a member 
 of the New York Clearing House Committee during the financial panic 
 of 1893 and was one of three members of the building committee which 
 directed the erection of the present clearing house building. He has 
 been Vice-President of the Chamber of Commerce, is President of the 
 New York Infant Asylnm, and is a governor and member of the Exec- 
 utive Committee of the New York IIosi)ital. B<n'n in Troy, N. Y., 
 September 9, 1841, he is the sou of the late Joseph Ferris Simmons, 
 ]irominent business man and financier of Troy, and great-grandson of 
 Christian Simmons, who emigrated from IIi>lland to Dutchess County, 
 New York, in the early part of the eighteenth century. ;\[r. Simmons 
 was graduated from Williams College in L*<(i2 and from the Albany 
 Law School the f(dlowing year. Successfully practicing law in Troy 
 until 18(17, in tlial year he removed to this city and became a member 
 of the banking lii in of Crant & Company. Forced to retire and travel 
 abroad on account of his health in 1872, two years later he returned 
 and engaged in linanciering enterprises. His administration of the 
 affairs of the I'ourth National has been very able. He was married in 
 188(i to Julia, (laughter of Ceorge (Jreer, of this city, and has a son — 
 Jose]!li I'erT-is Simmons — and a daughter. 
 
 TAPPEN, FKEDERICK I)., in :\Iay, 1850, entered the service of 
 the (iallatin National Bank of New York as clerk, was its Cashier 
 from October, 1857, tn .Inly 1, 18t;8, and on the latter date succeeded 
 the late Jann-s Callatin as its i»resideut, a position which he has 
 continued to hohl during the thiity yeai-s since. He is also a trustee 
 and acting juesident of the Metroixditan Trust Company, having pre- 
 viously been its Mce- President; is a trustee of the Bank for Sav- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OE NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 137 
 
 iiiiis and tlic Koyal lusnrniife ('oiuiianj of LiverjxKil, Enj;laii<l, and 
 is a (liivctor of the Bank of New Anistcrdani, the Hixth National 
 Rank, tlie New York Clearinii- Ilonse Rnildinii ('oni])auY, tlie <^)ii('('n 
 Insuiance Corapauv of Anierica, and tlie Moliilc and Ohio Railn>ad 
 ("oni]iany. Dnrinii tlie ])anic of ]S~'A lie was seli'eted as Chaiiinan 
 of the Loan Coniniittee of the New York ('learin^' House Asso(iati(ni. 
 ami ho has served in that res]ionsil)le position during ovciw rinamial 
 crisis since. His skill acconi|plislicd roniai'kahlc results in <'slal)lisli- 
 iiij; ])nl)lic contidence in iSli;! and in reco,i;nition of liis services his 
 colh^ifiues on the </oniniittee presented to him the oriiiinal silvei- tank- 
 ard whi(di, und<M- similar ciroiun stances, had been ])resentt^d in l(I!t(! 
 to 8ir John Houlon, first (Jover 
 nor of the Rank of Eni^land. He f 
 is a nieiid)er of the Union, Union ^ 
 I>eaj;ne, Metropolitan, St. Nich 
 <das, and Grolier clubs. He was 
 binii in New Yorlc City, Jamiary 
 1".), 1S2!», and was liradnated from 
 the Uohimbia. Colleij;e Grammar 
 School and the New York Univer- 
 sity. His father, Charles Rarclay 
 Tappen, a well-known architecr 
 and builder of New York City. 
 died in 1804 at the remarkable aiic 
 of iiim ty-eiiiht. ]Mr. Tajipen de- 
 scends from Jurian Tennisse 
 Tappen, from Holland, who was 
 residinii at Fort Orantie as early 
 as 1062. Chi'istoi)her Ta]i])en, 
 gTeat-oraudfather of Mr. Taiipeii, 
 married the sister of Governor 
 
 (leoi'ge Clinton, rejjresented Ulster County, New York, in the ( 'olonial 
 and State ]>ej.;islatnres, and was a member of the first Constitutional 
 Couventiou of the State of New Y(uk. 
 
 mtliEKICK U. TAl'I'EX. 
 
 BAKER, GP:0RGE P., Treasurer of the American Rankers' Asso- 
 ciation for twenty years, from its oriianization in 1875 to 1895. is 
 also an executive officer of a phenomenal array of corporations. He 
 has lono- been President of the First National Rank of New York, and 
 is likewise President of the Astor National Rank, President of the 
 New York and Uono Rramh Railroad Company, and President of the 
 Lon<; Rranch Water Supjdy ("onii)any; is Vice-President of the Rank- 
 ers' Safe Deposit Company, and Mrst \'ice-Presideut of the Central 
 Railroad of New .lersey; is a member of the Roard of ^lanaiiers of the 
 Delaware, Lackawanna and \>estern Railroad Comiiany; is a trustee 
 
138 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 of the Consolidated <ias CoinpaiiY, the Mutual Life lusurauce Com- 
 pany, and the Provident Loan Society; is a voting trustee of the 
 Southern Railway Company, and is a director of the Liberty National 
 Bank, the People's Bank, tlie Guaranty Trust Company, the Farmers' 
 Loan and Trust Company, the Metropolitan Opera and Keal Estate 
 Company, the Continental lusurauce Company, the Citizens' ITnion 
 Insurance Company, the Baltimore and Delaware Bay Railroad Com- 
 pany, the Lake Erie and Western Railroad Coiupany, the Lehigh and 
 Hudson River Railroad Company, the Navesink Park Company, the 
 Atlas Cement Company, the Lehigh and Wilkesbarre C(»al Company, 
 the National Water Company, the East Jersey Water Company, the 
 Montclair Water Company, the Spring Bi'ook Water Supply Company, 
 and the Car Trust Investment Com];anv of London. He is a mendier 
 of the iletropolitan. Union League, City. Tuxedo, Riding, Country, 
 Players', Lawyers', Atlantic Yacht, New York Athletic, and Mendels- 
 sohn Glee clubs, and the New England Society. 
 
 POOR, EDWARD ERIE, head of the notable drygoods commission 
 house of Denny, Poor & Comi)any, was elected a director of the Na- 
 tional Park Bank of New York City in 1S88; in 18U;J became one of 
 its vice-presi(l(-nts, and succeeded the late Ebenezer K. Wright as 
 its jircsident. lie is also a trustee of the State Trust Company, and 
 a. director of the <'onsolidated Coal Company, the Denver Union 
 Water Company, and the Passaic Print Works. He has been a mem- 
 ber of the New York Cliamber of Commerce since 1S72, and a member 
 of the Union League Club since 187U. He is a life member of the New 
 England Society and a member of the Manhattan and Merchants' 
 clubs. He was born in I'oston, February 5, 1837, on the paternal side 
 descending from John Poor, of Wiltshire, England, who settled in 
 Newbury, Mass., in 1635, and on the maternal side from Lieutenant 
 Francis Peabody. of Hertfoi-dsliire, England, who, in K^^.", settled in 
 Ipswich, ]Mass. His grandfather, Jeremiah Peabody, was a cousin of 
 the famous London banker and philanthropist, George Peabody. !Mr. 
 Poor was graduateil from the Boston public schools, and in 1851 
 entered the drygoods establishment of Read, Chadwick & Dexter. In 
 ISGtl he established himself in the same business in New York City, un- 
 der his own name. In 18()5 the business was reorganized under the 
 firm style of Denny, Jones & Poor, which subsequently became Denny, 
 Poor & Company. Mr. Poor has long been at the head of the house. 
 Two of his sons are partners in tlie business — Edward E. Poor, Jr., 
 and James Harper Poor. The house is agent f(n' several New England 
 and New Jersey manufactoi'ies, and has branch establishments in 
 Boston and Cliicago. Mr. Poor married, in 1850, Mary Wellington, 
 daughter of TS'ashington J. Lane, of West Cambridge, Mass., and has 
 five sons and two daughters. Of the sons, Charles Lane Poor is Assist- 
 fint Professor of Astronomy in .Tolins Hopkins University, fnun which 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. Vo9 
 
 he holds the degree of Doctor of Philos(»pliy. Frauk Ballou Poor, tli(- 
 New York banker, aud Horace F. Poor, are also sous of Mr. Poor. 
 
 BAKER, STEPIIEX, President of the Bank of the Manhattan Com- 
 pany, came to New York City in 187r> and engaged with a drygoods 
 commission tirni, receiving rapid promotions. In 18.S1 he entered the 
 employ of the American Exchange National Bank, while four years 
 later he accepted a position of great rcsjionsibility in the service of 
 John Stewart Kennedy, the wollknown private banker. In January, 
 1891, he was eleeted ^'ice-Pr('si(l('nt of the Bank of the Manhattan 
 Company, and in December, LSICJ, was elected its President. Born in 
 Poughkeepsie, N. Y., August 12, 185;i, he is the sou of Hon. Stephen 
 Baker and Auna M. Greene, both of New England descent save that 
 a Dutcli strain from the ohi family of IJyerson also comes through 
 Ids mother. His father, who died in 1875, was for some years a mem- 
 ber of the New Y'ork mercantile firm of AN'ilson G. & Thomas Hunt, 
 and dui-ing the Civil ^Yar was a member of Congress. Mr. Baker is 
 a member of the Union League and Seawanhaka-Corinthian Yacht 
 clubs, ami the Downtow'u Association, and is a vestryman of St. 
 James's Church, Madison Avenue and Seventy-first Street. 
 
 STILLMAN, JAMES, in 1871 began his business career in New 
 Y'ork City as a member of the firm of Smith, Woodward & Stillman, 
 cotton merchauts. Of this house, which rapidly became one of the 
 most notable in the cotton trade in the United States, Mr. Stillman 
 is now the head. Since 181J1 he has also been President of the Na- 
 tional City Bank of New Y'ork, one of the largest in the city. He 
 is a trustee of the United States Trust ('ompany, the New York Se- 
 cuiity and Trust Company, the American Surety Company, the Con- 
 solidated Gas Com])any, the American Y'eterinary College, and the 
 Chicago and Northwestern Kailway Company, and is a director of the 
 Hanover National Bank, the Farmers' Loan and Trust Company, the 
 Audit Comiiany, the Terminal Warehouse Company, the QuecTi In- 
 surance C(nn]>any of America, the Northern Pacific IJailway Com- 
 pany, the Louisville, Evansville and St. Louis Ilailroad Company, the 
 Mobile Street Bailroad, the Southern Pine (N)mpany, and the Deer 
 Hill Comi)any. He is also an officer of the Chicago and Northwestern 
 Railway, as he is of the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Railroad 
 Comi)any. He is a member of the New York Chamber of Commerce, 
 tlie New York Cotton Exchange, the New England Society, and the 
 New York Historical Society. He is a member of the Union. Metro- 
 politan, Union League, C(Mitnry, Tuxedo, Riding, Reform, Manliattan. 
 Lawyers', New York Y'acht, Seawanliaka-Corintliian Yacht. Columbia 
 Yaciit. Eastern Y'acht, St. Augustine Yacht, Jekyl Island, Storm 
 King, aud Camera clubs, the Downtown Association, and the [Metro- 
 politan Club of Washiuiiton. :Mr. Stillman was born in Brownsville. 
 
MO HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 T( xjis. (Imiii;^ tlie tenipoi-iu-y sojonni of his parents in that phiee, June 
 'J, lN.")(f, and was (Mlncated at Hartford, Conn., and at ChnrchiU's 
 School, Sinji Sin^. X. Y. His fatlier, the late Charles Stillman, Avas 
 a wealthy merchant of Hartford, Conn., and throneh him he descends 
 from George Stillman, born in London, England, in Kl.jJ:, who settled 
 first in Hadlev, Mass., and thence removed to Wethersfield, Conn. 
 Through his niothi'r he descends from William Goodrich, of Bury St. 
 Edmunds. Suffolk. England, who settled in ^Yetherstield, Conn. All 
 four of Mr. Stillman's great-grandfathers were Revolutionary soldiers, 
 two of them being ortici'rs. 
 
 I'AKKEE, JAMES HEXKY, is President of the Produce Exchange 
 Trust ('ompany. is President of the Assured P.nilding Loan Asso- 
 ciation, and is a director of the United States National Bank and 
 the ^^'estern National Bank. He was for two years President of the 
 New York ("otton Exchange, for one year was Yice-President of the 
 National Park Bank, and for six years was President of the United 
 States National Bank. He has been President of the Southern So- 
 ciety of New York City, is a member of the Confederate Yetei-an 
 Camp, and is a member of the New York, Tuxedo, Manhattan, New 
 York Athletic, and Atlantic Yacht clubs, and the Blooming Grove 
 Park Association. The son of ^latthew I'arker, he was born in North 
 Carolina, January 4, 1843, and served as a commissioned officer in the 
 (Confederate Army during the Civil War. He was graduated in med- 
 icine and practiced for two years after the war. He then engaged in 
 the cotton btisiness at Charleston, S. C, from 1S70 to 1S87, and in the 
 latter year removed to New York City, where he continued in the same 
 line. 
 
 CKANE. JOHN M., President of the National Shoe and Leather 
 Bank, of New York City, since February 1, 1883, was its Cashier for 
 seventeen years previous to tliat date, and has been in its service for 
 forty-five years, having, in 1853. become a clerk when the institution 
 Avas a State Bank. He is a director of the Metropolitan Life lustir- 
 ance Company, and a member of the Hardware Club. He is also a 
 member of the Protestant Episcopal Church of Jamaica. L. I.. 
 where he has always resided. He was. in fact, born in the village of 
 Jamaica. L. I., December 8, 1833, the sou of Rev. Elias W. Crane and 
 Sarah II. Wickham. Ilis ancestors on both sides, originally from 
 England, were settled in America in early colonial times. His father, 
 a Presbyterian clergyman, was of an old New Jersey family. His 
 mother's family early settled in Rhode Island. Mr. Crane was 
 educated at Union Hill Academy, Jamaica, and at the age of fif- 
 teen became clerk in a store. Four years later he entered the service 
 of the Shoe and Leather Bank, of NeAV York City. He was mar- 
 ried, :\[ay 7, 18C>1, to Harriet Hewlett, daughter of John S. Seabury, of 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY^ 
 
 141 
 
 Jaiu.-iica. They have two .sous — Aldcii Scahiirv ('raue. a lawyer, and 
 Warreu Seabiiry (Jraue, who is (•((iiiiectcd witli the New York ("eii- 
 tral Eailroad ('nnipaDV. 
 
 CAKTEIJ, OLn'Eli 8TAN1.EY, President of the National Bank of 
 the Republic, has also long been at the head of the largest tea-import- 
 ing house in the United States. He was born in New Hartford, Conn., 
 in 1825, the son of Hernias Cartel' and Ilaiiiinli liooth; in I'cbruarv, 
 181:5, came to New York and ac- 
 cepted a clerkship with a tea tirin; 
 in 1854 became a member of \Vhit- 
 lock, Kellogg & ( 'arter; became its 
 head as Carter, Hawley & Com- 
 pany and as ( 'arter Macy & ('oni- 
 Iiany, the present style, while 
 being chietiy instrnmenlal in 
 making it the leading lioiisc in 
 the trade. Having been for 
 many years a director of ihc 
 National Bank of the Eepublic, 
 he became its Mce-Presideut in 
 1888, and on .Alarcli 1, 18))2. suc- 
 ceeded the late John Jay Knox, 
 ex-Comi)troller of the Currency, 
 as its I'residenl. He is also a 
 director of the Home Iiisiiraiur 
 <'onipany and the Standard <ias 
 Light Coin])any, and has been a 
 director of the North American 
 Fire Insurance Company, and the 
 
 World .Mulual Life Insui-ance Company. He is a iiK^mber of the 
 Union League, ()raiige, and Essex County Country clubs, and the 
 T)u\\- ntown Association. 
 
 ^m 0mi 
 
 OLIVER STANLEY CARTER. 
 
 PULLEN, EUGENE HENKY, was President of the American 
 Bankers" Association in 18!t5 and ISIHI, having jireviously held the 
 imjiortant position of (^'hairman of its lOxecutive Committee. Since 
 1892 he has been Y'ice-President of the National Bank of the l\e]Mib- 
 lic, New York City, having been connected with this institution for 
 more than thirty-six years. He entered its employ as Clerk in IStH, 
 in 1874 was made Assistant Cashier, and was Cashier from IST'.I to 
 1802, eight years of this period being under the Presidency of the 
 late Hon. John Jay Knox. He was born in Baltimore, IMd., in :\Iai-ch, 
 1834, the son of Kaiidnll Pullen ami Ann Kliodes. His father was a 
 shipowner. His paternal ancestors, establisheil for many generations 
 in Massachusetts, were of French descent. :Mr. Pullen was carefully 
 
142 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 (^ilni-ated, nnd traveled extensively prior to 1S56. He married, in I860, 
 Mary Holoomb INjole, of Brooklyn. They have no children. 
 
 KHOADES, JOHN HAKSEX, has been a member of the Board of 
 Trustees of the Oreenwich Savings Bank of New York City since 
 1863; from 1870 to 1878 was its Secretary, and since 1878 has been its 
 President. Under his administration the resonrces of this venerable 
 institution have almost trebled, now reaching nearly 14:0,000,0(10. He 
 is also a trustee of the United States Trust Comijany and the London 
 and Lancashire Insurance CompauA', and a director of the Bank of 
 America, the Greenwich Bank, and the Woodbridge ('onipany. He 
 is a trustee of sevei'al large estates, including those of the late 
 George Bliss and I. X. I'helps. He is a member of the New York 
 Chamber of Conimei-ce, and of the Metropolitan, Union League, Cen- 
 tury, and St. Nicholas clubs. He is President of the New Y'ork Eye 
 iHid Ear Infirmary, and is a trustee of the Roosevelt Hospital, and 
 of the Northern Dispensary. He has been a trustee of the New York 
 Hospital, the Woman's Hospital, and the New Y'ork Asylum for the 
 Blind. He married, in 1862, Anne Gardiner Wheelwright, and has 
 two daughters and a sou — John Harsen Rhoades, Jr. He was him- 
 self born in New Y\trk City, October 25, 1833, the son of Lyman 
 Rhoades and Cornelia Rachel, gi-anddaughter of the late Jacob Har- 
 sen, and sister of Dr. Jacob Harsen, a well-known New York physi- 
 cian who, sucessively, held the offices of Trustee, Second Vice-Presi- 
 dent, and First Vice-President of the Greenwich Savings Bank. Her 
 family, of Dutch descent, became established in New York at an early 
 Colonial period. Mr. Rhoades's father was born at Skaneateles, N. Y., 
 of Welsh descent. Coming to New Y^ork City, he became head of the 
 well-known drygoods firm of Rhoades, Wood & Company. John 
 Harsen Rhoades was educate<l in private schools, entered the employ 
 (»f the New Y'ork drygoods commission firm of Spring, Bradley & 
 Buffuni, subse(iuently engaged in the same line as a member of the 
 firm of Leonard, Schofield ^; Company, which was continued under 
 the styles of Leonard & Rhoades, and Leonard, Rhoades & Grosvenor. 
 After a successful career, he retired from this business in 1876. 
 
 MACLAY', ROBERT, one of the most successful business men and 
 able financiers of New York City, at the time of his death, in the sum- 
 mer of 1898, was President of the Knickerbocker Trust Company, 
 Vice-President of the Bowery Savings P>anlc, \'ice-President of the 
 Gorham Coal Conii>;niy, A'ice-President of the Monmouth County 
 Horse Show, Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Crocker- 
 Wheeler Electric Company, member of the AdvisoiT^ Committee of the 
 .\udit Company, a director of tlie Peo](le"s Bank, the National Surety 
 Company, the Manhattan Life Insurance Company, the East River 
 Gas Company, the New Jersey Ice ('(nnjiany, the West Su]ierior Iron 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 143 
 
 and Stct-I Company, the Soutlinii Shilcs Land and Tinilicr ('(>ui]iany, 
 the Lai;una A'alley Cnnipauy, the llainjitou Koads Hotel Company, 
 and the Ashtabuha Water ComiJany. He was also a trustee of tlie 
 Northern Dispensary, and a member of the Board of Edneation of the 
 City of New York. He served on the Board of Education many years, 
 being- always a vigorous opponent of the element whitda wished to 
 make our educational system subservient to political ends. As Ciuiii-- 
 mau of the Committee on Buildings he inaugurated a generous and 
 progressive policy, and outlined and inaugurated plans whi(di are 
 still being carried to completion, i'or several years leader of the 
 "reform" movement in the Board of Education, on the issue thus 
 raised he was twice elected its PresidiMit. He has also served on 
 several i)ublic commissions by appointment of the Supreme Court. In 
 1868 he became N'ice-President and Treasurer of the Knickerbocker 
 Ice Com])any of New York, and in 1875 succeeded in the presidency 
 its founder and first President, the late Alfred Barmore. This com- 
 pany became the largest corporation of its kind in the world, having a 
 capital of three million dollars. Mr. Maclay remained at its liead 
 until the recent combinatidii with other ice companies was effected, 
 creating the Consolidated Ice Company. He was Vice-President of 
 the Bowery Savings Bank for many yi'ars. His achievement as Presi- 
 dent (d' the Knickerbocker Trust Comitany was remarkable. In spite 
 of the period of business depression, during the little more than three 
 years since he became President of this corporation, in 1894, in the 
 number of its clients and amount of deposits, its business more than 
 doubled, making its resources move than thirteen million dollars. 
 He was born in New Yoik City, June 11, 1S;U, the son of Dr. Robert 
 Maclay and Eliza, daughter of Jean Marie Joseph Labatnt, an old 
 New York merchant. His father was ])rominent among the physi- 
 <-ians of the city, received a service of ]>late from the citizens of the 
 Sixth Ward in recognition of his distinguished services during the 
 cliolera e])idemic of 1832, and was for many years President of the 
 New ^'ork Savings Bank. He was also one of the most ]>roniiuent 
 leaders of tin- Democratic party in the city, and delivered the address 
 of w<dconie on the occasion of the visit of President Polk to New York. 
 He was a strong su]tporter of the Ciovernment during the Civil War. 
 Ilis younger brother, Hon. William B. Jhuday, was famous as a New 
 York lawyer, orator. Democratic leader, and legislator. He served 
 two terms in the State Legislature, and i\\c terms in Congress. He 
 was ]iractically the creator of the New York public s( hool system with 
 which his nephew was so prominently connected. ^Ir. Bobert IMa- 
 clay's grandfather. Dr. Archibald IMaclay, born in Killeain, on the 
 banks of Loch Lomond, Scotland, was a i>rominent minister of the 
 Bajitist denomination in New York City, being tlie founder and for 
 tliiiiytwo years the pastor of the Tabernacle Baptist Church, origi- 
 nally on .Mulberrv Sti-eet, and now on Second Avenue. Subsequ<Mitly, 
 
1-i-J: HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 for twelve years, lie was Viee-Presideiit and traveling Secretary of 
 the American and Foreign Bible Society, and visited nearly every 
 State of the Union, as well as Europe. In 1850 he became one of the 
 founders of the American Bible Union, was its first Vice-President, 
 and later became its President. A colhiteral line from the same com- 
 mon stem, the Maclay family of Pennsylvania has furnished two 
 United States Senators and other representatives scarcely less promi- 
 nent. Kobert ilaclay married, May IS, 1865, Georgiana., daughter of 
 Alfred Barmore. She sui'vives him, witli their two sons — Alfred 
 Barmore Maclay and Robert Maclay, Jr. 
 
 McMAHON, JAMES, President of tlie Emigrant Industrial Sav- 
 ings Bank, of New Yorlv, has been connected with that institution 
 for about twenty years as Trustee, member of its Finance Committee, 
 Chairman of the same, and I'resideut of the bank. He is Vice-Presi- 
 dent of the Savings Banks' Association of the State of New York, 
 Vice-President and Chairman of the Finance Committee of the Irish 
 Emigrant Society, and Vice-President and Trustee of the New York 
 Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children. He is a trustee 
 of the London and Lancashire Fire Insurance ('onipany, a trustee 
 of the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences, and a director of the 
 People's Trust Company, of Brooklyn. He is a member of the New 
 York Chamber of Commerce, the Catholic and Hardware clubs of 
 New York, and the Columbian Club of Brooklyn. He was born in 
 Franklin County, New York, October 15, 1831. and was educated in 
 the public schools of Rochester, N. Y. At twenty-one years of age 
 he was elected a member of the Board of Education of Rociiester, 
 but resigned to go to California. He has also served on the Board 
 of Education of Brooklyn, where he has long been a resident. He 
 was for many years engaged in the book trade. Subsequently, for 
 twenty-five years, he was engaged in the transportation business, 
 under the firm style of Easton & ^IcMahon, which was superseded 
 by the Easton i^- McMahon Transi)ortatiou Company. Mr. McMahou 
 retired from the presidency of this corporation about ten years ago. 
 
 FAIRCHILI), CHARLES STEBBINS, has been eminent alike iu 
 the financial histoiw of the city, in the public life of the city and the 
 nation, and as a leader of the independent and reform element in the 
 Democratic party. Since 1889 he has been President of the New York 
 Security and Trust Company, while he is also President of the Atlanta 
 and Charlotte Air Line Company, is President of the Birkbeck Invest- 
 ment Savings and Loan Company, a member of the Advisory Commit- 
 tee of the Audit Company, Treasurer of the Manhattan East Side Mis- 
 sion, manager of the State Charities Aid Association, a trustee of the 
 New York Life Insurance Company, and a director of the Lawyers' 
 Mortgage Insurance Company, the Erie and Pittsburg Railroad Com- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 paiiv, and the Louisville, Eviiiis\i]|c and St. Louis ( "onsolidatcd IJail- 
 road ( 'omi^any. Born in Cazenovia, X. \., April 80, 1S42. hv was liradn- 
 ated from Harvard in 1S63 and from Harvard Law S(diool in 1S()5. He 
 continued bis law studies at Albanv, was admitted to the bar in lSiii\, 
 and eventually became a member of the law tinu of Hand, Hall iV: 
 Swartz, of Albany. He was ai>])oint('d hcputy Attorney-General of 
 the State by Attorney-General I>aiiicl I'ratt in 1874, and the next year 
 was the successful Democratic candidate to succeed Mr. Pratt, hold- 
 inji the ofihce two years. He traveled in Europe in 1878 and 1879, and 
 upon his return resumed the practice of law in New York City. In 
 1885 President Cleveland a])poiuted him Assistant Secretary of the 
 Treasury. Upon the failure of the health of Daniel IManninii' he be- 
 came Actinii' Secretary, 
 and in 1887 succeeded 
 Manniui; as Secretary of 
 the Treasury in Cleve- 
 land's Cabinet. He was 
 one of the most pronuncni 
 leaders in tlie so-called 
 " anti-snaj) "" nio\'ement in 
 this State. whi(di sec>ire<l 
 the nomination of Grover 
 ( 'leveland for the Pi-esi- 
 dency in 1802. He was 
 ])romineut in the munic- 
 ipal reform movement in 
 18!)4 which brou.mht about 
 the overthrow of Taui- 
 many Hall and the elec- 
 tion of Mayor Stronji. He 
 was aii'ain active in con- 
 nection with the Citizens' 
 Union which nominated 
 Seth Low for Mayor in 
 
 1897, and subsequently permitted his own nomination as ('onii)lroller 
 of the city to streuiitlien the ticket. He is a mend)er of the City liar 
 Association, and the Metropolitan, University, Century, Keform, Law- 
 yers", Manhattan, Democratic, Harvard, and other clubs. He married 
 in 1871 Helen, daui;ht(n- of Ledyard Lincklean and Helen Clarissa 
 Seymour, of Cazenovia. He is himself the son of the late Sidney T. 
 Fairchild and Helen, daui;hter of Perry G. Childs, of Cazenovia. His 
 father was finiduated from Union College in 1829, and was one of the 
 eminent lawyers and Denmcratic leaders (d' his section of the State. 
 He was attorney of tlie Syracuse and Utica Railroad from L8."')8 until 
 his death in 1889; lienerai attorney of the New York Central, and was 
 President of the Cazenovia and Canastota Railroad, Secretary and 
 
 CHARLKS S. FAIRCHILD. 
 
l46 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Treasurer of the Great ^^■estern Turupike Railroad Company, a di- 
 rector of the ^Madison ( 'mmty Bank, and a trustee of the Union Trust 
 Oonipanv of New York City. 
 
 MOKBTSON. DAA'IT) :\riTrnELL. who has been President of the 
 AN'ashinyton Trust Company of New Yoric City since its organiza- 
 tion in June, 1880. is also a trustee of the Greenwich Savings Bank 
 and a director of the North River Fire Insurance Company and the 
 Prefen-ed Aciident Insurance Company. He was born in New Y'ork 
 City in 1S41, attended private schools, and was graduated from Gram- 
 mar ScliKol and the College of the City of New York, and after one 
 year as Clerk with the New York banking hotise of Drexel, \Yinthrop 
 & Company, in 1864 established the AVall Street banking firm of Mor- 
 rison & I'utuam, associating with him his brother-in-law, A. E. Put- 
 nam. This firm continued its successful course tintil 1881, when 
 Mr. Morrison retired from active business. He is a member of the 
 New Y'ork Chamber of Commerce, the New York Stock Exchange, 
 the Union League, Merchants", and Chi Psi clubs of New Y'ork, the 
 Hamilton and Riding and Driving clubs of Brooklyn, the Dyker 
 ^Meadow Golf ("lub, and the St. Andrew's Society. He is a life 
 member of the New York Historical Society, with which his father, 
 the late James M. Morrison, was so prominently identified. He 
 married, in 1877, Abbie, daughter of the late Cajitnin Nathaniel Put- 
 nam, of Brooklyn, and has four children, ilr. Morrison's grandfather, 
 born in Scotland, in 1790 came to America and became an extensive 
 jilanti^r in Louisiana and a well-known author. His wife was the 
 granddaughter of a magistrate of Aberdeen, Scotland, and great 
 granddaughter of the Lord Provost of Aberdeen. Mi*. Morrison's 
 father was born in New Orleans, at No. 8 Bourbon Street, his father's 
 town house. His father dying when he was five years of age, he was 
 taken to Aberdeen by his mother, and there educated. When twenty- 
 four years of age he came to New York City and became prominent 
 as a banker. He was for many yeai-s President of the famous Man- 
 hattan Company's Bank, the second oldest bank in New York City, 
 and was holiliiig tliat position at the time of his death in December, 
 1880. 
 
 ROGERS. THEODORE, President of the Bank of the Metropolis, 
 New Y'ork City, since 1894, when he succeeded Robert Schell, had 
 been its cashier from the organization of the institution in 1871 until 
 1894. He was born in Jamaica, L. I., where he still resides, in October, 
 1831, the son of Alexander Rogers and Elizabeth Piatt. His mother 
 died when he was five years of age, and his father a year later, so 
 that at an early age he was thrown upon his own resources, and 
 became a Clerk in the New York silk and straw goods house of Fisher, 
 Blashfield & Comiiany. In 1849 he entered the employ of the Ameri- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 147 
 
 cau Exchauye Bank. Four years later Jic became couuected with 
 the old Union Bank of Xew York, with which he remained as Clei'k 
 and Assistant Teller for nine years. Subsequently, for a few years, 
 he served the Shoe and Leather Bank as Eeceiving Teller and Paying 
 Teller, and later filled the position of Manager of the branch institu- 
 tion which the Shoe and Leather Bank established on Wall Street. 
 When this branch was anialganiat<'d with the Tenth National Bank 
 he became Ortifying Teller in the latter; but when it passed into 
 the control of the Jay (Jonld interests, lie resumed as Paying Teller 
 with the Shoe ami Leather BanU. From this position he was called 
 to the Cashiership of the Bank of the Metropolis. 
 
 BORNE, JOHN EMIL, President of the (Colonial Trust Omipany, 
 is one of the prominent figures in the oil business in this country, 
 in which he has been engaged since 1873. Long the head of the firm of 
 Borne, Scrmyser & Company, he lias been its president since it was 
 incorporated as the Borne, Scrymser (Company. He is also a director 
 of the Mercantile National Bank and the Home Life Insurance Com- 
 pany, and is a member of tlie I^nion and Metropolitan clubs, and 
 the Downtown Association, together witli the Hamilton and Crescent 
 Athletic clubs of Brooklyn. He married, in 1877, Nellie M. Law- 
 r(Mice, of New York. They have no children. Mr. Borne was born 
 in Brooklyn, December 1, 1852, his father having been a Russian land- 
 owner before coming to the United States, while his mother was a 
 German. Having been educated in New York City and (lermany, his 
 first business connection was as clerk with the Queens I'lre Insurance 
 Company. He was twenty-one when he engaged in tlie oil business, 
 and he rapidly acquired large interests in the oil-producing country 
 of Pennsylvania and establislied extensive i»etroleum works. He 
 built one of the notabh' i>iiie lines, and established offices in all parts 
 of the world. 
 
 OLCUTT. FREDERIC PEPOON, was born in Albany. N. Y., in 
 1841; at the age of sixteen became clerk in the Mechanics* and Trad- 
 ers' Bank of that city, of which his father, the late Thomas W. Ol- 
 cott, of Albany, was President; subsequently engaged in the lumber 
 business on his own account in Albany, and was successively con- 
 nected with the banking firms in this city id" Blake, Brothcn's & Com- 
 pany and Phelps, Stokes & Company. Since 1884 he has been Presi- 
 dent of tlie Central Trust Company. This corporation has been fiscal 
 agent and depositary of securities in connection witii a large number 
 of notable railroad reorganizations, and Mr. Olcott is a recognized 
 authority in delicate questions involving the rights of investors. He 
 is President also <if the (Jalveston. Houston and Henderson Railroad 
 Company. Mce-President of the Bank of America, Treasurer of the 
 Union Traction and Electrical Comiiauy. and a director of the Na- 
 
148 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 lioual Uuiuii Bank, the Brooklyn Wliarf and Warehouse Company, 
 the Audit ("((in])any. the Cohirado .Midland Kailroad Company, the 
 New York, (Jhica.yo and 8t. Louis Jlailrnad Company, the St. Joseph 
 and Grand Island Railroad Company, the Magdeburg Fire Insurance 
 Company, and the INipular rbotogi-aph Company. He was Comp- 
 troller of the .State of Xew York from 1S77 to 1880. He is a member 
 of the Metropolitan, Union League, Manhattan, Eidlng. Driving, Rid- 
 ing and Driving, Ladies', Barnard. New York Yacht, Morristown, 
 and Essex County Country clubs, and the Downtown Association. He 
 is also a member of the Chamber of Commerce. He married, in 1862, 
 Mary Esniay, and has a daughter, Edith, and a son, Dudley Olcott. He 
 descends from Thomas Olcott, one of the founders of Hartford, Conn., 
 under Rev. Thomas Hooker. 
 
 GILBERT, ALEXANDER, elected President of the Market and 
 Fulton National Bank of New York City, November 10, 1896, has been 
 
 liir iicjirly forty years connected 
 : with tliat institution. In 1859, at 
 
 the age of twenty, he became its 
 Sci-oiid Assistant Teller, and rose 
 llirougli various promotions ti> be 
 its Casincr in 1863 — at the time 
 the youngest bank cashier in New 
 York City. Solicited to become 
 President of the Fnlton Bank of 
 tJiis city in 1887, he instead suc- 
 ceeded in bringing about its consol- 
 idation with the ^Market National 
 Bank, of wldcli Ik* had so long been 
 an oHiccr, tlnis adding over 
 $1,000,000 deposits to the latter. 
 The ]>resent style was adopted at 
 the time of this consolidation. In 
 1892, M\: Gilbci-t was elected Yice- 
 President as well as Cashier. Of- 
 fered the Presidency of the South- 
 ern National liank early in 189(j, he instead secured its li(]uidation and 
 the transfer of its business to the Market and Fulton National Bank, 
 thus adding to the lattei- .'?l,2.")n,000 of deposits. In 1891 and 189.j, 
 Mr. (iilbert was Secretary of the New York Clearing House Asso- 
 ciation. A resident of IMainfield, N. J., since 1866, he served many 
 years as a nieniher of the ("onnnoii Council of that city, and in 1890 
 was elected .Mayor as the candidate of the Kepublicau party. He 
 administered tl:e aiTaiis in tliorongli independence of partisan politics, 
 and was nnanimonsl_\- elecled to succeed himself, no other candidate 
 being nominated. He was also unanimonsly elected for a third term, 
 
 ALKXANDER GILBERT. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF XEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 149 
 
 but positively refused a Court li uomination. lie was a delegate to 
 the Republicau National Convention at Minneapolis in 1892, and was 
 a member of its committee to notify Benjamin Harrison of his nomi- 
 nation for the I'resideney. He is a member of the New York Board 
 of Trade and Transp<n'tation, is one of its directors, and a member of 
 its Committeee on Finance. He is also Vice-President and a director 
 of the Fulton Club, of this city, and has been its Treasurer. He is 
 Treasurer of the Hillside Cemetery and of the First Baptist Church, 
 of Plainlield, N. J., and is a member of the Board of Trade and 
 the Union County and Lincoln clubs of the same city. He is himself 
 a native of Elizabeth, N. J., where he was born, Aui^ust 10, 1839. 
 
 SEWATJD, CEOlfiJE IMJEDEIHCK, was Vice-President of the 
 Fidelity and Casualty Compan\- of New York City from 1887 to 1892, 
 and since the latter date has been its President. He is also Vice-Presi- 
 dent of the Willson Aluminum Company. Actively engaiied in bus! 
 ness in this city since 1880, during the nineteen years precedinji' he 
 was engaged in the consular and diplomatic service of the United 
 States in the far East. From 18<il to 18tU he was Consul at Shanghai, 
 China, and from 1804 to 1875 was Consul-! ieneral, in 18G8 being also 
 T'nited States Minister to Korea. In 1867 he likewise discharged a 
 special mission. From 1875 to 1880 he Avas United States Minister 
 to China. He has published " (^'liinese Immigration in its Local 
 and Economical Aspects," and has written articles on Russia, 
 on •• American Sliiifiiing Interests," " I'artition of China," " Rus- 
 sian Interests in Manchuria," " Chinese Immigration," and '* Li Hung 
 Chang." He is a member of the Reform, Lawyers", and University 
 Athletic clubs, the Sons of the Revolution, the New England Society, 
 the Township Improvement Society of Orange, N. J., and the Society 
 of Civics of New Y^ork, being a member of the Executive Committee 
 of the latter. He was born in Florida, N. Y., November 8, 1840, and 
 was educated at the S. S. Seward Institute in Florida (founded by 
 his grandfather, Hon. Samuel S. Seward, Judge of the New York Cir- 
 cuit Court ) and at ITnion College. He is tlie son of George W. Seward 
 and Tenii)e W., daughter of John Leddell, and is the nephew of the 
 late ^Villiam II. Seward, Governor of NeAV York, United States Sen- 
 ator, and Secretary of State in the cabinets of Lincoln and Andrew 
 Johnson. Mr. Seward's great-grandfather, John Seward, was Ct)lonel 
 of the Second Regiment, New Jersey Volunteers, in tlic Revolution. 
 
 HUGHSON, FREDERICK, since 1893 President of the New York 
 Savings Bank, was long engaged in the practice of law in New York 
 City, prior to 1883, as the partner of John ^Vebber. He was born at 
 Hughsonville. Dutchess County, N. Y., April 16. 1820, the son of 
 William I. Hughson and Maria Wright, and attended the Hughson- 
 ville Academy. coHdurtcd by llvy. Eliphalet Price, for three years 
 
150 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 attended the University of tlie City of New Yorlc. and in 1839 was 
 graduated from Columbia College. He studied law and was for a 
 areat many years in actiye practice. He had been attorney and 
 counsel of the New York Savings Bank since 1867. became its Treas- 
 urer in 1883, and was elected President March 11. 1803. He is de- 
 scended from Thomas llughson. who came from England and settled 
 at Croton, Westchester County. John, son of William, and grandson 
 of this Thomas, settled at Hughsonville. Dutchess < I'ounty. giving his 
 name to the place. His son John, born at Hughsonville, August 15, 
 1765, was the grandfather of Frederick Hughson, and was remarkable 
 for his inventive skill. He devised and constructed all the imple- 
 ments for which he found use in his employments as farmer and 
 sportsman — cider mills, threshing machines, fanning mills, and boats 
 and tools of almost every kind. 
 
 HUTCHINSON, HENRY ELIJAH, since 1890 has been President 
 of the Brooklyn Bank, which was incorporated in 1832, and is the 
 oldest banking institution in that city, and is also a director and 
 Secretain" of the Excelsior Steamboat Company, President of the 
 Brooklyn and Rockaway Beach Railroad Company, was an incorpora- 
 tor and is a trustee of the Hamilton Trust Company, is a trustee of 
 the Breevort Savings Bank, and is a director of the Long Island 
 Safe Deposit Company. He is likewise a director of the Brooklyn 
 Club, and is a member of the Union League Club of Brooklyn, the 
 Alpha Delta Phi, Church, and Young Republican clubs of the 
 same city, the Brooklyn Institute, the New England Society of 
 Brooklyn, the Society of Vermonters of Brooklyn, the Long Is- 
 land Histoiical Society, and tiie Brooklyn Library. Born in Wind- 
 sor, Vt., July 31, 1837, he is the son of Rev. Elijah Hutchinson and 
 Laura Manning, daughter of John Payson Skinner, is the grandson 
 of Rev. Elisha Hutchinson, the great-grandson of Rev. Samuel Hut- 
 chinson, and the great-great-grandson of Rev. Samuel Hutchinson. 
 He attended the High School of Windsor, Vt.. from 1854 to 1856 at- 
 tended Dartmouth College, and in 1858 was graduated from Amherst 
 College. He was a teacher at Montgomery, Ala., from 1858 to 1860, 
 in the latter year was admitted to the Alabama bar. and in 1862 was 
 admitted to the bar at New York City. From 1863 to 1872 he was 
 United States Internal Revenue Assistant Assessor, from 1872 to 
 1876 was Cashier of the Mechanics' Savings Bank, and from 1877 to 
 1890 was Cashier of the Brooklyn Bank, of which he has since been 
 President. He was organist and director of music at St. Peter's Epis- 
 copal Church. Brooklyn, from 1870 to 1882, while he was connected 
 with the Brooklyn (Choral Society from 1888 to 1892 as Treasurer 
 and President. In June, 1898, he was elected a member of the Advisoi-y 
 Board of the Musical Department of the Brooklyn Institute. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 151 
 
 HAYir?, >\'1L1>IAM II.. was oiu' (if tlic best kiuiwii bankers and 
 brokers of New York City prior to bis deatb, December (S, 1S8G. Boru 
 in tbis city iu 1814. at tifteeu years of age be entered tbe oftice of J. D. 
 IJeers ^: Company, bankers and brokers, witb wliom be remained for 
 Hve yeai's. In 1831: be engaged in business on bis own account, and 
 wbib^ tlie struggle was severe at tirst, by 185(1 be was tinnly estab- 
 lisbe(b He was a member of tbe old Board of Brokers wliicb pre- 
 ceded tbe Stock Excbange, and later became one of tbe founders of 
 tbe ]iresent Xew York Stock Excbange. In 18")8 be was elected 
 President of tbe Dry Dock Bank, at tbe corner of Tentb Street and 
 Avenue D, at tbe bead of wbicb be remained until tbe institution 
 went out of business in 1805. Wbeu be acce])ted tbis responsibility be 
 gave bis brokerage business into tbe bands of bis brotber, Jacob Hays, 
 and bis son-in-law, Mintborne Tompkins, Jr. In 18ti() be became as- 
 sociateil witb tbe banking and brokerage tirm of Closson & Hays, 
 wbicb bad been establisbed Ijy bis son, Jacob Hays. In I87() be 
 became President of tlie National Bank of tbe State of New York, 
 retaining- tbis position until bis deatb iu 188(). One of bis latest 
 acbievements was tbe reorganization of tbe Mobib' and Obio Bailroad 
 Company, of wbicb be was a director. For many years be was Presi- 
 dent of tbe Nintb Avenue Bailroad Conii>any, as be was also of tbe 
 Eig'htb Avenue llailroad Company. He was Treasurer of tbe Peo- 
 ple's Line of Steamers, and a director of tbe Seventb Aveuue Railroad 
 Company, tbe Broadway Railroad Company, and tbe New York and 
 Brooklyn Ferry Company. He married Mary ^'. E., daugbter of 
 Alexander Moore, of New Brunswick, N. J. Sbe died in Marcb. 1887. 
 Tbeir surviving cbildreu are two sons — Jacob and Ed\vai-d St. Jobn 
 Hays, and two daugbters — Mai-y C, widow of .Miutborne Tompkins, 
 and Ella H., wife of Cbarles A. Myers. Mr. \Mlliam H. Hays was tbe 
 son of Hon. Jacob Hays, wbo emigrated to New York from England 
 during tbe latter part of tbe last century, and iu 1802 was appointed 
 Higb Constable of tbe City of New York by Mayor Livingston, a posi- 
 tion somewbat analogous to tliat of tbe jiresent Superintendent of Po- 
 lice. (For portrait of Jacob Hays see Volume I., page 356, of tbis 
 work.) Being successively retained iu oftice by eacb succeeding 
 Mayor, be beld tbis position for fifty years, tbe office being abolisbed 
 at tbe time of bis deatb. His sons— Dewitt C. Hays, A. B. Hays, and 
 William H. Hays — were all ]irominently identified witb tbe banking 
 antl financial interests of tbe City of N(n\- York. 
 
 HAYS. JACOB, eldest son of tbe late AVilliam H. Hays, and grand- 
 son of Jacob Hays, for balf a century Higb Constable of tbe City of 
 New York, was a member of tbe banking and brokerage firm of 
 Closson & Hays from 18(;G until lie retired from active business in 
 1883. and is still an officer of many financial institutions. He is now^ 
 President of tbe Eigbtb Avenue Railroad Company, is also President 
 
152 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 of the Ninth Aveuue Kailroad Companv. is a trustee and Treasurer 
 of the New -Tei-sey Steamboat Company (known as the People's Line of 
 Steameis). and is a director of the Kuiikerbooker Trust Company, the 
 Brooklyn and New York Ferry Company, the East River Gas Com- 
 pany of Louii Island City, and the Northern Railroad of New Jersey, 
 lie is a member of the New York Athletic Club. ilr. Hays was born 
 in New York City. February 13. ISio. received a good elementary 
 edmation. at the au:e of sixteen became clerk in the New York dry- 
 goods house of Halsted. Haines & Company, and two years later be- 
 came a clerk in the Old Dry Dock Bank, at the corner of Tenth Street 
 and Aventte D. now known as the Eleventh Ward Bank. In 1803 he 
 became clerk to the \Yall Street banking firm of Charles K. Marvin & 
 Sous, and in 18(>4 became Cashier of the fiiin of Hays & Tompkins. 
 In May. ISOG. he was elected a member of tlie New Y'ork Stock Ex- 
 change, and in October of the same year he founded the firm 
 of Closson & Hays. This fii'm niunbered among its clients. Com- 
 modore Vanderbilt. Samuel J. Tilden. George Law. Marshall O. Rob- 
 erts. William R. Travers, Horace F. Clark. Hugh iNIcCulloch. Samuel 
 Sloan, and John B. Trevor. Mr. Hays married. December 12. lS6t3. 
 Mary Jane, daughter of David Loiuleiback. of New Y'ork City, and has 
 a son — William Henry Hays, who was electeil a member of the New 
 Y'ork Stock Exchange. December 16. 1S97 — and a daughter. Lizzie, 
 wife of John Scott Browning. 
 
 SMITH. BRYAN HOOKER, long and successfully engaged in bus- 
 iness, from whiih he retired in 1801. has been President of the Brook- 
 lyn Savings Bank since 1893. and is a director of the Hanover Instir- 
 ance Company. Since 1896 he has also been President of the Packer 
 Collegiate Instittite of Brooklyn. While having retired from the 
 active management of the business, he still retains his interest in the 
 wholesale ib'ygoods establishment on Worth Street, Manhattan Bor- 
 ough, with which he has been for so many years connected. He is a 
 member >f the Union League and Hamilton clubs of Brooklyn, where 
 he resides. The sou of Cyrus Porter Smith and I.ydia Hooker, he was 
 born in the Borough of Brooklyn. January 29. 1829. and was educate*! 
 in the Brooklyn public schools. On the maternal side he is lineally 
 tlesc-ended from the famous Rev. Thomas Hooker, founder of the Col- 
 ony of Counecticut. 
 
 CANNON. HENRY WHITE. Comptroller of the United States Ctu- 
 rency from 1884 to 1886, and President of the Chase National Bank 
 during most of the peritxi since, is a director of a number of important 
 corporations. These include the Manhattan Trust Company, the 
 Uniteil States Guarantee Company, the Bnwklyn Union Gas Com- 
 pany, the Clinton Hall Association, the Great Northern Railroad Com- 
 pany, the Lake Erie and Western Railroad Company, the New York, 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 153 
 
 Ontai'id and Western Jlaihvay Company, ami the Janu'sTowii ami 
 Lake Erie Railway Company. He Avas aj^pyinted Aqueduct Commis- 
 sioner by Mayor Grant, and by President Harrison was appointed a 
 member of the Assay Commissidiis of IS'Jl and 1892. He has b^en a 
 member of the New York Cleariuii-house Committee for a number 
 of years, iucludin;; the period of the panic of 1893. President Har- 
 rison appointed him one of five United States (Commissioners to the 
 International ilonetaiTr Conference at Brussels in 1892. The Council 
 of the Bimetallic Lea<iue of Great Britain invited him to attend the 
 monetary conference in London in May, 1894. He has written much 
 on financial subjects. A member of the Royal Statistical Society of 
 LoTidon. he has three times served on its Committee on Coina.ire, 
 Wpi^hts, and Pleasures in this country. Born in Delhi. X. Y.. Sejitem- 
 ber 27, 1850, he is the son of Geor<::e 
 Bliss Cannon and Ann Eliza White, 
 a desc-endant of Pere<irini- White, 
 who was born on the Mayflower. 
 In lionor of liis i:randfather, Ben- 
 jamin Cannon, Tompkins, X. Y., was 
 renamed Cannonsville. He beyan 
 his business career in the employ of 
 the First National Bank of Dellii. 
 and in 1870 entered the employ of 
 the Second National Bank of St. 
 Paul, Minn. A little later, at the 
 age of twenty-one. he organized the 
 LumV)(-rman"s National Bank of 
 Stillwater, ^Minn.. and for thirteen 
 years was its cashier, caiTying it 
 through the panic of 1873. He be- 
 came known to Eastern bankers 
 
 through liis activity in purchasing ntst-Y « . ^nncn 
 
 Government bonds for the banks of 
 
 Minnesota during the refunding pr<icess, and as the successful nego- 
 tiator of loans for the city of St. Paul. He was accordingly sup- 
 jtorted warnily as successor of the famous John J. Knox, so long 
 Comptroller of the Currency, and was appointed to that office by 
 President Arthur in 1884. His administration was short but bril- 
 liant, and it wa.s against President Cleveland's wish that he re- 
 signed in 1886. Coming to this city he was elected Vice-Piesident 
 of the National Bank of the Republic, of which John J. Knox was 
 then President, but resigned in November, 1886. to become President 
 of the Chase National Bank. 
 
 RANDOLPH. LEWIS A'. V.. since January. 1896, President of the 
 .\tlantic Trust Company, is also President of the Excelsior Steamboat 
 
154 HIi'TOR'i' OF THE GREATER XEW" VORK. 
 
 Company, is President of the Carolina and Cumberland Gap Kaihvay, 
 is Pi'esident of the Kanona and Prattsburgh IJaihvay, and is a 
 director of the Lawyers' Mortgage Insiu'ance Company. He was 
 long in the service of the Illinois Central Eailroad Company and be- 
 came its Treasurer. He was also actively connected with the settle- 
 ment of the estate of the late Bamuel J. Tilden, and was Secretary 
 of the Tilden Trust and of the Tilden Library corporation, his impor- 
 tant services being acknowledged in John Bigelow's recently pub- 
 lished " Governor Tilden and His Times." Mr. Randolph was a Union 
 soldier during the Civil War, has long been a resident of Plainlield, 
 N. J., and was at one time its Mayor. He is of Pilgrim and Dutch 
 antecedents, and traces his line of descent for some hundreds of years. 
 His ancestors participated in the colonial wars and in the Kevolution. 
 
 SCHENCK, FlIEDERICK BRETT, born in ^'ew York City, June 
 9, 1S51, was educated in the public schools of Brooklyn, entered the 
 employ of a prominent New York brokerage tirm, and subsequently 
 engaged in the note brokerage business, which he followed until 1881. 
 He then entered the service of the Mercantile National Bank, and was 
 Assistant Cashier from 1881 to 1883, Casliier from 1883 to 1896, and 
 since July, 1896, has been President of the bank. He is also a director 
 of the Hamilton Bank and of the Safe Deposit Company of New York. 
 In 1897 he was President of the group of bankers of New York City 
 and Richmond County in the New York State Bankers" Association. 
 He is a member of the Hamilton Club of Brooklyn and the Holland 
 Society of New Y'ork City, and for eight years has been President of 
 the Brooklyn Y'oung Men's Christian Association. His father was 
 a dealer in cotton manufacturers' suppUes prior to the Civil War, and 
 subsequently was in Government employ and a bank official. He also 
 descends from Major Henrj' Schenck of the Revolution, while the 
 founder of the family in America emigrated from Holland to New 
 York about 1680, and settled at Bushwick, L. I. 
 
 HAZZARD, WILLIAM H., has been President of the Fulton Bank 
 of Brooklyn since 1881, and is a trustee of the City Savings Bank of 
 Brooklyn. From 1876 to 1880 he was President of the Brooklyn 
 City Railroad Company. He was SupeiTisor of the Tenth Ward of 
 Brooklyn from 1862 to 1865, and in 1S79 and 1880 was a member of the 
 Board of City "\^■orks. He was born in Sussex County. Delaware, April 
 8, 1823, the son of Stephen Hazzard, and the grandson of Jacob Haz- 
 zard. The ancestor of his fanuly in Delaware was a brother of the 
 founder of the Rhode Island family of Hazzard. Having worked 
 upon a farm between the ages of six and fourteen, Mr. Hazzard then 
 went to Philadelphia, and apprenticed himself to John Robinson, 
 to learn the trade of carpenter and builder. In 1841 he removed to 
 New Y'ork Citv. aud in 1847 to Brooklvn. Two rears later he started 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 155 
 
 iu biisiuess iu JBi'uoklyu a« u buildiug coutractor, and attained a re- 
 markable reputation for the character of work done. He built the 
 residence of the late H. B. ChiHin. and in ISSO erected Doav's Stores, at 
 that time the largest warehouses in the world. He associated one of 
 his sons with him. under the style of William Hazzard & Son. 
 
 HUAG, DANIEL T., has been President of the American Savings 
 Bank, of New York City, since October 13, 1885, when he succeeded 
 the late Elliott F. Shepard, and is also a director of the Columbia 
 Bank, of New York City. He has been for nearly thirty years a 
 prominent New Y'ork merchant, having come to this city in 18.54, and 
 entered the tea brokerage biisiness with such success that the sales 
 made by his firm eventually aggregated about ten million dollars in 
 n single year. For more than thirty-five years he has been a member 
 of St. Thomas's Protestant Episcopal Church, of New Y'ork City, for 
 more than twenty years having been Senior AVarden, and for more 
 than ten years a Vestryman. He is first Vice-President of the Home 
 for Old Men and Aged Couples, and is a member of the Union and 
 Church clubs. He is a director of the Joseph Dixon Crucible Com- 
 pany. Mr. Hoag was born in Duanesburgh, N. Y., and is the son 
 of Daniel Hoag and Frebon Sheldon. His ancestors came from Eng- 
 land in 1(135, settling iu New Hampshire. He was himself educated 
 in Duanesburgh, clerked iu a store, for three years was clerk in the 
 offices of the Canal Collector in Schenectady, Utica, and Albany, es- 
 tablished himself as a merchant in Duanesburgh, and subsequently 
 accepted the position of Teller of the Mohawk Bank of Schenectady, 
 which he held until his removal to New York City in 1854. 
 
 AVERY, ROBERT, is President of the United Loan and Invest- 
 ment Company, and is Vice-President of the Brooklyn Hygienic Ice 
 Company, Vice-President of the Burlington and Hineshui-g Rail- 
 road Company, Mce-President and S(Mretary of the Virginias Railway 
 Company, Vice-President and Treasurer of the Pacific Pine Lumber 
 Company, and Vice-President and (ieneral Counsel of Michael J. L)ady 
 & Company. He has been a member of the Union League Chili of New 
 York City. Born in Tunkhannock, Pa., September 22, 183'.», lie at- 
 tended private schools and Wyoming Seminary at Kingston, Pa. 
 From 1858 to 1861 he was Manager of tlie Dusseldorf Art Gallery of 
 Paintings and Statuary. He was an officer of the volunteer army of 
 the United States from 1861 to 1866, and from the latter date to 
 1870 was an officer of the regular army, attaining the grades of Cap- 
 tain, Major, Lieutenant-Colonel, Brevet Brigadier-General, and Brevet 
 :\rajor-General. He was wounded at Cliancellorsville. at Lookout 
 [Mountain received a wound resulting in the loss of tlie right leg; from 
 1865 to July, 18<')6, was Assistant Commissary-General of prisoners 
 of war; from 1866 to 1868 was Inspector-General in loinioction with 
 
156 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 the Freedmen's Bureaii; in 18(iT aud ISGS.was Judge Advocate, and 
 since December 31, ISTO, has been on the retired list. IJe was ad- 
 mitted to tlie New York Bar in 1871. and also to practice in tlie United 
 States Supreme Court. I'rom 1871 to 1873 he was Secretary of the 
 Hotistou aud Great Nortliern Kailroad, and in 1873 and 1874 was 
 (Teneral Manager of the Galveston, llarrisburg aud San Antonio Kail- 
 road. He is the sou of Abel 31. Aveiy and Euphemia Pell Stevens; 
 is great-grandson of Soh)mon Aveiw, a KevolutionarT soldier; is sev- 
 enth from Captain James Averj-, who won distinction hghtiug the 
 Indians in 1675-77, and is ninth in line from Christopher Avery, who 
 immigrated to New England from Cornwall, England, where the fam- 
 ily had been prominent since tlie fourteenth century. Tlirough au 
 ancestress, Susannah Palmes, he descends from Egbert, seventeenth 
 aud last king of the West Sax(nis. On his mother's sid(^ he is related 
 to the Pells aud Delaplaiues of New York City. 
 
 YOUNG, CHARLES TITUS, entered the Internal Kevenue office. 
 Second District of New York, in 1865, in 1868 was made Chief Clerk, 
 and the following year resigned. In 187(1 he entered the employ of 
 the National City Bank, of Brooklyn; in 1881 was appointed Cashier, 
 was elected Vice-President in 1880. and in 1891 was electi^l its Presi- 
 dent, a positiou which he still occupies. He is also a trustee of the 
 South Brooklyn Savings Institution, is President of the Brooklyn 
 Athenai'um. and a nnmiber of the ^lontauk and Marine aud Field 
 clubs of that city, and the St. Nicholas Society. He was born in 
 Brooklyn. November 27, 1844, and there received his education at the 
 Polytechnic Institute and Clark cSc Brownell's private school. He 
 is the sou of Henry D. Young and Elizabeth, daughter of Jacob, aud 
 granddaughter of Isaac Doty, and is the grandson of Abraham Young 
 and great-grandson of Oscar Young. 
 
 VAN NOEDEN, WARNEP, son of a New York merchant, at an 
 early age was placed in one of the largest wholesale produce estab- 
 lishments in New York City, and at the age of twenty-one was as- 
 signed to the management of a branch house in New Orleans. In 
 that city he also had his first experience as a bank president. In 1876 
 he returned to New York City and successfully engaged in business 
 as a private banker. Since January, 1891, he has been President of 
 the National Bank of North America in New York City, of which 
 he has been a director since 1888. He is also President of the Land 
 and River Improvement (,'om])any. President of the Soutli Yuba 
 Water Company, a trustee of the American Savings Bank, and a 
 director of the Home Insurance Company. He is a ruling elder in 
 the Presbyterian Church, and is President of the Presbvterian Union 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 157 
 
 WAKXKR VAX NiiRDKX. 
 
 of New York City. He is a member of the New York Chamber of 
 Commerce, and of tlie iletrojiolitaii and Lawyers" clnbs, and the 
 Holland Society, lie was born at 
 173 Franklin Street, New York 
 City, Jnly 2, 1841, and descends 
 from Dutch and French Huguenot 
 ancestors, who were prominently 
 identitied with the early history 
 of New Y'ork. His paternal an- 
 cestor arrived in New Amsterdam 
 from Holland about IGKI. On the 
 maternal side he descends from 
 the two Huguenots, Abraham La 
 Noy and Jean Mousnier de la Mon- 
 taigne, the latter of whom was 
 Yice-Director of New Netherlands 
 under Covernor Stuyvesant. He 
 also descends fi-om the famous 
 Eev. Dr. Everardus Bogardus and 
 his wife, Anneke Jans. His gTeat- 
 Sireat-grandfather, Adriance Hogh- 
 land, once owned all the land now 
 
 devoted to the Kiverside Park and Dri\e. His ancestral strains also 
 include the families of Koome, Kierstedt, Kip. ^'an Nest, Wahlron, 
 and A'ermilye. 
 
 SHEILAIAN, WILLIAM WIXSLOW, President of the National 
 Bank of Commerce in New York since 181)1, was its Casiiier for ten 
 years, and lias been conne^-ted witli it since 1858. He is a member 
 of the Union League and Hiding clubs and tlie New [England Society. 
 
 BENEDICT, ELIAS COIJNELirS, became a clerk with Conung 
 & Company, bankers, on Wall Street, when tifteen years of age, and 
 in 1857, but eight years later, succeeded to tlieir large business, form- 
 ing the banking lirni of Benedict tV: Company, at the head of which 
 lie lias remaini^d to the ]>resent time. The tirm style was Benedict, 
 Flower 6i: Com] tany from 1N71 to 1875, Boswell P. Flower. subse(|uent- 
 ly Governor of New Y'ork, being then a partner. The firm has largely 
 handled investment secui-ities, especially railroad and gas securities. 
 With his brother Mr. Benedict founded the Cold Exchange Bank. He 
 has been connected with a large number <d' important corporations, 
 and is now President of the Kansas City and Omaha Kail way Com- 
 pany, and an otticer of other corporations. He is a devoted yachtsman, 
 owner of the yacht Oneida, aiul is well known to be the intimate friend 
 of ex-President < 'leveland. He is a member of the IMayers". New York 
 Yacht, American Yacht, and Seawanhaka-Corintliian Yacht clubs. 
 
158 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 For more than ii ([iiarter of a ceutnin- be has beeu Treasurer of the Xew 
 York Ophtliahiiic Hospital, and is a trustee of the Xew York Homeo- 
 pathic Medical ("olle,!j;e and Hospital. He married, in lSo9, Sarah C, 
 daughter of Lucius Hart, of this city, and has three datighters and a 
 son — Frederic Hart Benedict. He was himself born in J^omers, West- 
 chester County, X. Y., January 24, 1S34, the son of Eev. Henry Bene- 
 dict and Mary Betts Lockwood, and is lineally descended from Thomas 
 Benedict, wlio was at Boston in 1038, and subsequently settled at 
 Xorwalk, Conn. 
 
 BENEDICT, FBEDERIC HAET, is the only son of Elias Cornelius 
 Benedict and Sarah C, daughter of Lticitis Hart, of New York City, 
 and is a member of the well-known banking tirm of Benedict & Com- 
 pany, of which his father has for so long a time been the head. He is 
 Trea.stirer of the Johnson-Lundell Electric Company. He is a member 
 of tlie New York Stock Exchange, and of the Union, Tuxedo, City, 
 Manhattan, Riding, Players', Racqtiet, Country, New York Athletic, 
 New York Yacht, and Seawanhaka-Corinthian Yacht chibs. He mar- 
 ried, first, Jennie, daughter of Henrw M. Flagler, and subsequent to 
 her death, Yirginie, daughter of Frederic R. Coudert. 
 
 BENEDICT, LE GRAND LOCKWOOD, is the son of James 
 Hoyt Benedict, long prominent as a banker in New York City, 
 and grandson of Seth Williston Benedict, proprietor in turn of the 
 New York EvcDnicJifit, the Kmanripafor, ami the New York Indcpcmlcnt. 
 He is ninth in descent from Thonms Benedict and Mary Brigdum. the 
 founder of the family in this country having between 1638 and 1685 
 resided in Massachusetts Bay Colony, Huntington, Southold, and Ja- 
 maica, L. I., and Norwalk, Conn., serving in one or another community 
 as ilagistrate. Commissioner, Lieutenant, Town Clerk, and represen- 
 tative to the Connecticut (Jeneral Assembly. ^Ir. Benedict was born 
 in New York City, August 21, 1855; was graduated from the Renssel- 
 aer Polytechnic Institute, and is a member of the Union and Rocka- 
 way Hunt clubs. He married, in 1881, Sarah Collier Blaine, and has 
 a daughter and a son — Le Grand Lockwood, Jr. 
 
 PORTER. WILLIAM HENRY, is Yice-President of the Chemical 
 National Bank of the City of New York, is Mce-I'resideut of the Pacific 
 Coast Company, a trustee of the Franklin Savings Bank, and a di- 
 rector of the Trow Directory, Printing and Bookbinding Company. 
 After reaching the age of eighteen, for eight years he Avas connected 
 with the Fifth Avenue Bank of this city, rising from one clerical posi- 
 tion to another until he had filled them all. When Henry White 
 Cannon resigned as Comptroller of the Currency of the United States 
 in 1886, to accept the Presidency of the (^hase National Bank of this 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 159 
 
 city, :Mi'. Porter accepted the position of Cashier in this institution. 
 In ISiJl he succeeded Jolin Tlionii)son as its Vice-President. In 1808 
 he became Vice-President of tlie Chemical National Rank. From 1SD4 
 to LS'Jd he was t^ecretarv of the New York Clearing lluuse Asso- 
 ciation, serYinf^- the maximum term in this office. He also served 
 two terms, from 1895 to 1807, as Treasurer of the American Bankinii' 
 Association. He is Treasurer of 
 several charitable institutions, is a 
 trustee of several lar^te estates, and 
 is a member of the New York 
 Ciiamber of ("ommerce, the City, 
 New York Athletic, Trans]iorta- 
 tion, Republican, Atlantic Vachi, 
 and Ivy clubs, the New England 
 Society, and the American Geo- 
 •iraphical Society. Born in Middle- 
 bury, Vt., January 3, 18()1, he is the 
 son of William Trowbridge Porter 
 and Martha Sampson, of colonial 
 New England ancestry on botli 
 sides. He was educated in a pri- 
 vate school an<l an aca(h'iny. Itegan 
 his business career in New York 
 City in the office of the JMrsident of 
 the Atlanta and ("liailotte Air Line 
 Railway Company, an<l subse- 
 
 (jui ntly entered the Fifth Avenue Bank. He married, in 1887, Esther, 
 daughter of James Jackson, of New York City, and has a son — James 
 Jackson Porter, and a daugiiter — Helen. 
 
 WILMAM IIKNRY PORTER. 
 
 WILSON. IHCHAKl) T.. head of the notable New York banking 
 house of E. T. Wilson ^: Company, is of an old Georgia family, was 
 born in that State, became Commissary-Genei'al in tiie Confederate 
 Army dunng the Civil War. and at the close of that struggle re- 
 moved to this city and entered upon his successful financial career. 
 He is President of the East River Gas Company, of Long Island City, 
 is a trustee of the Manhattan Trust Company, and is a director of the 
 l^)urth National Bank, the Union Trust Company, the United States 
 Casualty Company, the Hudson Building, the New York and East 
 River Gas Company, the American Cotton Oil Company, the Bertha 
 Mineral Company, the Mathieson Alkali Works, the Western Union 
 Beef Company, the Y'onkers Railroad, the Denver and Rio Grande 
 Railroad Company, and the Rio Grande Southern Railroad. He is a 
 member of the Union. Metropolitan, and Manhattan clubs, the Down- 
 town Association, and the Southern Society. :Mrs. Wilson was a ^Miss 
 Johnston, of Macon. Ga. Tliev have two sons. Marshall Ornie Wilson, 
 
1(30 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 who iiiiinii'd Caroline, (hninhtcn- of the late William Astor aud Caro- 
 liue Schermerhoru, aud Kichard T. Wihsou, Jr., aud three daughters. 
 Mrs. Ogden Goelet. the wife of Hou. Michael Heury Herbert, of Mil 
 ton House. Snlislnny, England, aud Mrs. Cornelius Yauderbilt, Jr. 
 
 ORISWOLD, i^TEPHEN M., successfully engaged in the jewelry 
 business in New York City since 1S.">4, has been President of the Union 
 Bank of Brooklyn since it was organized. For six years he was a 
 member of the Brooklyn Board of Aldermen, and subsequently was 
 elected to the State Senate. He is a memlier of the [Moutauk Club, aud 
 since 1851 has been a member of Plymouth Church. .Mr. (Iriswold 
 was born in Windsor, Conn., November 22, 1835, the founder of his 
 family in this country having come from Englaud to New England 
 iu l(;;j(l. His early education was that of the New England common 
 schools. 
 
 HUKLBIT, HEN1:Y AUGUSTUS, long at the head of the hat 
 trade in the United States until the dissolution of his firm of Swift & 
 Hurlbut iu 18G0; from that time until his death in November, 1897, 
 was lU'omiuent in connection with notable corporations of New 
 York ( "ity. He was one of the founders of the Second National Bank 
 of New York City, and was its first President. He was one of the 
 incorporators of the Equitable Life Assurance Society, remained a di- 
 rector until his death, and was a member of the Finance Committee 
 wliicli supervised the erection of the Equitable Building at 120 Broad- 
 way, lie was a trustee of the Mercantile Trust Company, aud a di- 
 rector of the Home Fire Insurance Company, and the Mercantile 
 Safe Deposit Company. He was also a member of the IN'ew York 
 Chamber of Commerce. He became a member of the Eepublican 
 party at tlie time of its organization, having been formerly a Whig. 
 He was a delegate to the Kepublican National Convention which 
 nominated (Jraut for the Presidency. Appointed by (Jovernor Dix a 
 Commissioner of Emigration for the State of New York, he was 
 elected President of the Boai'd, and so remained for twelve years, 
 until the national government assumed full control of immigration. 
 He was a trustee of the Fifth Avenue Presbyterian Church, as he was 
 also of the Demilt Dispensary and the American Seaman's Friend So- 
 ciety, He served as President of the New England Society, and as 
 Yice-President of the Union League Club, of which he was one of the 
 founders. He founded the Hurlbut Scholarship at Yale LTniversity. 
 from which institution his two sons were graduated, iu 1860 and 1803. 
 respe( tively. He married, in 1832, Susan llebecca KtMiuedy, of New 
 Haven, Conn. She died iu 1888. Mr. Hurlbut was born in Hartford. 
 Conn., December 8, 1808, the son of Ebenezer Hurlbut and Fanny 
 Brewster. He descended through his father from Thomas Hurlbut. 
 who cauie frcuii Eiiuhmd to Boston in 1035, and settled at Savbrook. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. IGl 
 
 ('(puii., jiiid siihscquciitly at WL'tlicrsfield. Tlirongli hit? nidtlici- lie dc- 
 sceuded fruiu Elder Biewstcr, of the Majtiower. His father haviii;y, 
 died wlien he was twelve years of age. he was apprenticed to a hat 
 luauiifaeturer of New Haveii. Coiiu.. became (ieiieral Suiteriiiteiideiit 
 of the establishment iu 1.S2S. and a partner in 1835. A branch was 
 established in New York City, ,Mr. rinrlbnt taking personal (diarge. 
 wbi<di was soon made the principal business. In 1843 this part- 
 nershii) was dissolved, and the firm of Swift & Ilurlbtit organized, be- 
 coming tlie largest house in the hat line iu the country. 
 
 JA:MES, 1). WILLIS, couneeted with the metal 11 rm of L'helps, 
 Dodge i^ Conqiany, as was his father, the late Daniel -James, is 'N'ice- 
 I'resideut of the Linited States Trust Company, and a director of the 
 Ausonia Brass and Copper Company, the Ausonia Clock Comi)any, the 
 Ansonia Land and Water Power Comi»any, the Northern Pacific Rail- 
 way Company, the United Globe Mines, the Commercial Mining Com- 
 pany, and tJie Copper ( Jit een Consolidated Mining-Company. His father 
 resided in or near Liverpool. England, from 18.31 until his death in 
 1870, as a member of the Liverpool firm of Phelps, James t^ Company, 
 the English branch of Phelps, Dodge ^; Company, and I). Willis 
 James was born in Liverpool, Ajiril Lj, 1832. He is a member of the 
 Jletropolitan, Century, City, Kiding, Iteform, Alpha Delta Phi, New 
 York Y'acht, and Morris County Golf clubs, the Downtown Associa- 
 tion, and other organizations. He married Ellen S. Curtiss, and has 
 one son — Ai-thur Curtiss James. Mr. James's mother was Elizabeth 
 Woodbridge. daughter of the late Anson Greene Phelps, fotinder and 
 long the head of I'lielps iK: I'eck. and its successor, Phelps, Dodge & 
 Company. 
 
 BACHE, JULES SEMON, banker and stock broker, is the son of 
 the late Semon Baclie, founder of the glass-impor'ting house of Semon 
 Bache & C<impany. He was prominent in reorganizing the Distillers* 
 and Cattle Feeders' Company as the American Spirits Manufacturing 
 Company, representing the stockholders of the former corporation. 
 He is now Vice-President of the American Spirits Manufacturing Com- 
 pany, Chaiinian of the Board of the Detroit and Lima Northern Bail- 
 May Com]iiiny, a director and Chairman of the Financial Committee of 
 the American Union Life Insurance Company, and a director of the 
 Spirits Distributing Comiiany. He is a member of the New York 
 Sto( k Ex( hange, and the New Y'ork, Biding and Driving, Suburban 
 Hiding, and Liederkranz clubs; has travided extensively, and is an art 
 collector, especially of the German s(diool. He was born in New ^■ork 
 City, November 9, 1801, his mother, Elizabeth Yon Praag, also being 
 a native of this city. He married, in 18!>2, Florence B., daughter of 
 Adolph Sheftel, a retired merchant of New Y^ork. :\rr. Bacdie's coun- 
 try-seat, Arsdale IManor, Wilson T'ark. Tarrytown, embraces the scene 
 of Major Andi<'''s ca])ture. 
 
162 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 TILFOIU), FRANK, in IS'Jl succeeded his father as Vice-President 
 of Park & Tilford. In 1874 lie became a director of the Sixtli National 
 Bank, in ISTG became a member of the New York Real Estate Ex- 
 change, and in 1885 became a trustee of the North River Savings 
 Bank. He helped to organize the Bank of New Amsterdam, has 
 always been one of its officers, and is now its President, a position 
 which he has held for several years. He is also Vice-President of tlie 
 Standard Gas Light ('om]iany, and is a director of the Fifth Avenue 
 Trust Company, the A^'ashington Assurance Company, and the Colo- 
 nial Assurance Comiiany. The youngest son of the late John M. Til- 
 ford, one of the founders of the 
 famous mercantile house of Park 
 & Tilford, he was born in New 
 York City, July 22, 1852, and was 
 educated in private schools and at 
 ]\Iount Washington Collegiate 
 School. He entered his fathers 
 csiablisliment at an early age, and 
 worked his way iip from the hum- 
 blest grade of employee. He is a 
 member of the Executive Commit- 
 tee of the Grant ^lonument Asso- 
 ciation, is President of the New 
 Amsterdam Eye and Ear Hospital, 
 and is a trustee of the Babies' Hos- 
 ])ilal. He is a member of the 
 New York Chamber of Commerce, 
 the New York Board of Trade and 
 Transpoi"tation, the Union League, 
 Colonial. Lotos, and Republican 
 clubs, the American Society, and the Society of the Sons of the Revo- 
 lution. He married, in 1881, Julia, daughter of the late James A. 
 Greer, of New York City, and has two daughters. 
 
 COSTER, CHARLES HENRY, since 1883 has been a member of 
 the famous banking firm of Drexel, Morgan & Company, and its suc- 
 cessor, J. P. Morgan & Company, and is likewise a partner of Drexel 
 & Company, of Philadelphia, and Morgan, Harjes & Company, of 
 Paris. He has been active in a large number of railroad reorganiza- 
 tions, and is a partici]>inil in tlie control and management of im- 
 portant railroad lines in all parts of the country. He is a director of 
 no less than tifty-two (lislincl railroad corporations, including such 
 well-known systems as the Northei'n Pacific, the West Shore, the 
 Southern Railway, the Reading, the Erie, the Lehigh Valley, the 
 Chesa])eake and Oliio, the Cliicago and Erie, and the Chicago, Mil- 
 waukee and St. Paul. He is a member of the Board of Managers of 
 
 l-KANK TILFORD. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 163 
 
 the riiiladi-lpliia and Reading. He is also a dii-ector of tlie (leueral 
 Electric Company, the Edison Electric Illuminating Company, the 
 Lehigh Valley Coal Company, the Philadelphia and IJcadiiig Coal 
 and Iron Company, the Northern Pacitic Express Company, the Le- 
 high A'alley Transportation Company, and the Puget Soimd and 
 Alaska Steamship Comjiany. He is a member of the Metropolitan, 
 Tuxedo, City, Reform, lJac(iuet, .St. Nicholas, and New York Yacht 
 clubs, and a life member of the Academy of Sciences. Born in New- 
 port, E. L, July 24. 1S.")2, he attended private sdiools, from 1867 to 
 1872 was in the counting-room of Aymar iS; Company, importing 
 merchants, and from 1872 to 1883 with their successors, Fabbri & 
 Chauncey. He married, in ISSfi, Emily, daughter of Clarence Pell 
 and Anne Claiborne, and has three daughters and a son — Charles 
 Henry, Jr. ilrs. Coster is a descendant of Thomas Pell, first lord of 
 Pelham Manor, Westchester County, as also of General Ferd. L. Clai- 
 borne, of Mississipi»i, and William Claiborne, Secretary of A'irginia. 
 Ml'. Coster is the son of the late George Washington Coster and 
 Elizabeth, daughter of Daniel Oakley, aTid is the grandson of John 
 Gerard Coster and Catherine ^ALirgaret Holsniaun. His grandfather 
 was one of the most famous New Y'ork merchants and financiers. 
 
 BEND, GEORGE HOFFMAN, stockbroker and member of the 
 New Y'ork Stock Exchange, is of a distinguished Baltimore family. 
 He was born in that city, and is the son of the late William Bradford 
 Bend and Catherine Ann, daughter of Philip Thomas and Frances 
 Mary Ludlow. He is the grandson of Dr. Joseph G. Bend. Rector 
 of St. Paul's Episcopal Church, Baltimore, whose wife Avas a grand- 
 daughter of Mary, sister of Elias Boudinot. President of the Continen- 
 tal Congress from 1779 to 1783. He is descended from Gabriel Lud- 
 low, who was born at Castle Carey. England, in 1GG3; came to New 
 York in 1691, and became a notable merchant. One of his ancestors, 
 Philip Thomas, of Rockland C-ounty, Virginia, was a descendant of the 
 fourth Baron Mowbray and Heniw III. of England. Mr. Bend is a 
 member of the Union, Metropolitan, Union League, City, Riding, 
 Players', and New York Yacht clubs. He married Elizabeth A. Town- 
 send, and has two daughters. 
 
 SCHELL, R0BI:RT, at the age of fourteen entered the employ of 
 the New^ Y'ork jewelry firm of Fellows, Cargill & Company, and re- 
 mained with this firm as clerk, partner, and head of the establish- 
 ment, upon the same spot on INIaiden Lane, for a period of forty-two 
 years. He took the business alone in 1812, but a little later was asso- 
 ciated with one of his former employers under the style of Louis S. 
 Fellows & Schell. The firm name subsequently became Robert Schell 
 ^c Company, under which style the house attained a foremost ydace 
 in the wholesale jewelry and fancy hardware trade. Mr. Schell has 
 
164 
 
 HISTORY Or IHF. GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 been a trnstce of the (Jennnii Savings Bank of Xew Yovk since 1851>, 
 and is its Vice-l'i-esident, a position wliicli be lias held for many 
 Tears. He was one of the founders of the Bank of the Metropolis in 
 1872, was its President from 1S72 to 1894, when he resigned on ac- 
 count of advancing years, and continues to be one of its directors, as 
 he has been from tlie beginning. He is also a director of the New 
 
 York and Harlem Railroad, the 
 Woodlawn ('emcrery, and the As- 
 sociated Land ('omi)any. He is 
 Treasurer of the Xew York His- 
 lorical Society, a trustee of the 
 Presbyterian Hospital, one of the 
 governors of the Xew Y'ork Eye 
 and Ear Infirmary, one of the coun- 
 sel of the X'ew Y'ork University, a 
 trustee of Kutgers College, and a 
 member of tlic St. Nicholas and 
 ^lanhatt;ui clubs, the Tptown As- 
 sociation, and tlic American Geo- 
 graphical Sociely. He married, in 
 .March, 18.")0, Mary Sjiooner Taber, 
 of N^ew York ('ity, and has a son, 
 i'rancis Scliell, a lawyer, of X'ew 
 York. ilrs. Sclicll died in 1806. 
 Mr. Schell was born in lihinebeck, 
 X. Y., October 8, 1815, the son of 
 Elizabcili Hughes, and a brother of the late 
 
 ROBERT SCriKLL. 
 
 and 
 
 Christian Sch 
 
 -Vugustus Schell and liic laic i^dward Schell, of Xew York City. 
 
 SCHELL, EDWAIM), younger brother of the late Augustus Schell 
 and the present Robert Schell, was partner in the mercantile firm 
 of the latter for seventeen yeai-s, and subsetiuently for over thirty 
 years was President of the Manhattan Savings Institution of this 
 city. He was a trustee of the Union Trust Company, and a director of 
 the Xational Citizens" Bank, the Xational Butchers" and Drovers' 
 Bank,the Manhattan Life Insurance Company, the Citizens" Insurance 
 Company, and the Park Fire Insurance Company. He was a trustee of 
 St. Lnke"s Hospital, the Xew York Society Library, and the Xew 
 York Institution for the Blind. He was a life member of the St. 
 Nicholas Society, as he was also of the Xew Y'ork Historical Society. 
 He was a governor of the Manhattan Club, and a member of the 
 Century Association. He was likewise a vestryman of the Church of 
 the Ascension, of this city, and a warden of Christ Church at Rye, 
 N. Y'. He was born at Rhinebeck, N. Y'., November 5, 1819, the 
 youngest of the six sons of ('a])tain Christian Schell and Elizabeth 
 Hughes, was educated iiinlcr I'lofessor Holbrook. of Rhinebeck. and 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 1G5 
 
 ;it scvciitccii vcjiis (if a.nc hccaiuc ;i clerk in New YOrk (Jity with !Jt- 
 tlclicld iV Sli;i\\. liiH'ii iiiiporters. Seven years later he became junior 
 partner in his hiother's tinn of Lewis S. Fellows \' Sclie]]. and eon- 
 tinned this conneef ion for seventeen j^ears, when he was elected Treas- 
 urer of the Maniiattan Savin<is Institution, of which he had then 
 been ti'ustee for einlit years. lie soon became its President, and so 
 remained from LSTC) until his death, December 24, 181)3. He married 
 Jane L., daughter of Jonas C. Heartt, for several terms Mayor of 
 Troy. >.'. Y. The ]ii-esent Edward lleartt Schell is their son. 
 
 SCHELL, EDWAKD HEARTT, who for many years has been en- 
 ga.yed in the practice of law in New York City, is the son of the late 
 Edward Schell, eminent mei-chant ami tinancier of this city. He is 
 a trustee of the 31anhattan Sa\ini;s Institution, of which his fatlier 
 was president for more than thirty years, and is .1 director of the 
 Citizens' lusuram-e ('om])any and the ^Manhattan Life Insurance 
 Comi>any. He is a member of the City liai' Association, the Manhat- 
 tan Club, the St. Nicholas Society, and I lie Yale Alumni Association. 
 He was born in Troy. N. Y.. September :>0. ISiS, was iiradnated from 
 Yale ami studied law in the Columbia Collej^e Law School under the 
 late Professor Dwii;ht. He mariied. in 1SS6, Cornelia E., daughter 
 of A\'illium Evarts Barnes and Mary S|>ies. 
 
 CUYLER, CORNELIUS CUYLER, head of the New York City 
 banking firm of Cnyler. ^lorgan iV: Comjiany. is ;i director of a large 
 number of impoi-taiit corporations, including the following: The Mer- 
 cantile Trust Company, the United States Guarantee Company, the Il- 
 linois Steel Com])any. the Kings County Traction Com])any, the North 
 Shore Traction (_'om]»any, the New \'orlc. Susquehanna, and Western 
 Railroad Company, the Mobile and Ohio Kailroad Company, the East 
 Shore Ternunal Coni]iany's Railroad, the IJnffalo Railway Comjiaiiy. 
 the Crosstown Street Railway, of P.uffalo, and the Consolidatcfl Coal 
 Company, of Wyoming. He is a member of the Holland Society, the 
 Downtown Association, and the Union, City, University. Racqtiet, 
 <'alumet, Manlialt;iu, Lawyers", Princeton, ami University Athletic 
 chibs. He is also a member of llie ( "entury Association. He was born 
 in Philadelpliia. was graduated from Princeton University in 1879, 
 and is I he son i>\' t he l.-ite Theodore ( 'nylei-. an eminent nuMuber of the 
 Philadelphia bar. and ins wife, eldest daughter of Kev. Thomas De 
 Witt, for forty years Pastor of the Collegiate Dntcdi Church of New 
 Y'ork City. He is grandson of Rev. C(u-nelius C. Ctiyler, D.D., of 
 I'oughkeei)sie and Philadeli>hia, and is lineally descended from Major 
 Ilendiick Cuyler, who, born in Amsterdam, ILdland. in It!.''.", married 
 Annetje Schepmoes, and settled at Reverwyck. near Albany, in l(i(i4. 
 He was an officer in the war with the French. A brother of Cornelius 
 C. Cuyler. Thomas De ^Vitt Cuyler. is a iiroininenl member of the 
 
166 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Philadelphia bar, and is a director of the Equitable Life Assurance 
 Society, and a member of a number of Xew York clubs. He is a 
 member of the Society of the Cincinnati. 
 
 COPELAXD. HENKY CLAY, is President of the Kivnside Bank, 
 and a Director of the ('(uisumers' Fuel, Gas, Heat and I'owcr (_"om- 
 pany. He was born at Middletown, Vt., May 23, 1844, tlic son of Lu- 
 cius Copeland, and yrandson of Moses Copeland, and was e<lncate(l at 
 Union ('ollege. I'roni INTO to 1883 he was Cashier of the First 
 National Bank of Bran(h)n, \'t.; in 1883 organized the Sprague Na- 
 tional Bank, of I'rooklyn. and was its Cashier until 188r>, and in the 
 latter year organized the .Minnehaha National Bank of Sio\ix Falls, 
 Dakota. In 1887 he organized the Eiverside Bank of tins city, was 
 its Cashier from that time nntil 1894, and since 1894 has been its 
 President. He is a mendier of the Uiuon College Alumni. 
 
 SPRAGUE, CHARLES E., entered the service of the ITnion Dime 
 Savings Institution of New York City in 1870 as junior (lerk; in 
 1878 was elected Secretary; in is'.ll was elected Treasurer, and since 
 1892 has been President. He is a charter member and President of 
 the Institute of .V<-counts, and is State Examiner of Public Account- 
 ants. He was graduated from Fnion College with iiigh honors in 
 1860. During the Civil War he earned the brevet of Colonel in tiie 
 volunteer service, and received a severe wound during the second 
 day's light at Gettysburg. He a<-quired at college a knowledge of 
 Latin, (Jreek, Hebrew, I^rencli, (leiiiian, and Spanish, and has con- 
 tinued his study of these and otlier languages, lie was the first student 
 of Volapiik in Ameiica, and is the author of the standard textbook 
 of Volaiiiik in the Ignited States. He taught school for several years 
 after the Civil War. Having a talent for mathematics, he has nmde 
 an analytical study and exposition of the principle of accounts. At 
 the ])resent time he is Assistant Paymaster-* leneral of the State of New 
 York, with the rank of Colonel, and is a member of the Loyal Legion, 
 the Old Guard of the Twelfth Kegiment of New York Volunteers, 
 George Washington Post, No. 103, Grand Army of the Republic; the 
 Union College Alunuu Association, and the Alpha Delta Phi Club. 
 He married, in 18r)(), Ray Ellison, of New York City, and has two 
 daughters, one of whom is now ]\Irs. Frank I^oster Hazard. Mrs. 
 Sprague is a member of the Society of the Daughters of the American 
 Revolution. 
 
 SPEYER, JA:MES, since 1885 has been a member of the New York 
 banking house of Speyer & Company, formerly Philip Speyer & Com- 
 pany, whicli was founded by his father, (lustavus S]ieyer, and his 
 uncle, Philip Speyer, and is also a member of the allied Arm at 
 Frankfort, Germany. He is President of the Provident Loan So- 
 ciety of this city, of which he was one of the founders, and is a 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 167 
 
 trustee of tlie (lerinan Saviui;s I'.aiik and the .Mutual Life Iiisurauce 
 Company. He was a member of the Executive Committee of iSiU 
 whicli nominated flavor Stronii; was Vice I'resident and Treasui-ci- 
 of the GernianAmerican IJefoiin Union, whidi favored the candi- 
 dacy of President Cleveland in 18!ti:, and in 1S!)() became a member 
 of the l>oard of Education of this city. He \\;is one of the oriiani/,<'rs 
 of the Citizens" Union movi'Uient for purer municipal ^ovcrnnicnt. 
 lie is also Treasurer of the University Settlement Society. He is a 
 member of the City, Racquet. IMnyers', .Nfanliattan, IN'forni. T>awyers", 
 Lotos, \\'hist, ami New York Yacht clubs, and the Hutdi \'erein. He 
 married, in 1S!)T, Ellen L., daughter of tlie hiic .bdin Dyneley Prince 
 and Mary Ti-avers, widow of the late -I(dni A. Lowery. ilrs. Sjicyer 
 is Vice-President of the Woman's Auxiliary of tlie University Settle- 
 ment Society, is Treasurer of tiie Woman's Auxiliary of tlie Hospital 
 Saturday and Sunday Association, and is a member of tlie P.oard 
 of Manat;ers of the Loomis Sanitiirium foi' Consumpti\es. ]\Ir. Sp<'yer 
 was born in this city in iStJl, jind was educated at Fraidd'ort, der- 
 ma n v. 
 
 QUINTARD, EDWAIH) AUGUSTUS, lias been Presi.lent of the 
 Citizens" Savini^s Bank of New York City rontiiiuously since U'^dO, 
 havinfi' previously been its Vice 
 President. He is also a director of 
 the ^fechanics' and Traders" Bank, 
 the Anglo-American Canaigre 
 Company, the Climax Quick Tan- 
 ning Coni]i;iny, and the ITaniniiin 
 and Northeastern Kailroad. He is 
 a member of the Church of the 
 Transfiguration of thiscity, and of 
 the Union League, St. Nicludas, 
 and American Lotos clubs, the New 
 England Society, the Seventh Reg- 
 iment N'eteian Club, and the Acad 
 emy of Design. He has been twice 
 manied, and has six diiughters 
 and two sons — Edward aiul \\'ill- 
 iani (^nintard. He was liiiusell 
 born in Stamford, ( 'onn., December 
 27, 182(;, the son of Isaac (^lintaid 
 and Clarissa Hoyt. He is tlie 
 
 brother of Ceorg«AMlliam (,)uintard, of tliis city, well known as a niiin- 
 ufacturer and financier, and who has served terms as State Emigration 
 Commissioner and Park Commissioner of the City of New York. An- 
 other brother. Rev. Dr. Charles Todd (,)uintaid, is Protestant Epis- 
 copal Bishoi) of Tennessee. Edward Augustus (^uintard was educated 
 
 KDWAHD AlCiCSTCS i;ll.\lAKli 
 
168 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 in the common schools and the High School of Stamford, Conn., was 
 a clerk in the employ of his father, a Stamford merchant, and subse- 
 quently established himself in business in New York City. He has 
 served in the Seventy-fii*st and Seventh regiments, National (iuard 
 of the State of New York, including the period of the Civil War. For 
 several years he was Captain of the Engineer Corps. He was one of 
 the volunteers from the Seventy-first Iveginient who responded to the 
 first call for a three months" service during the Civil ATar. 
 
 MAEQUANI). IIENKY GUEDON. early in life took charge of the 
 large estate left by his brother, Frederick Marquand, and subse- 
 quently was engaged for many years in banking in this city. He is 
 President of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, President of the Hu- 
 guenot Society of America, and a director of the Mercantile Trust 
 Company, the E(iuitable Life Assurance Society, and the Northern 
 Kailroad of New Jersey. He is the first honorary member of the 
 American ; Institute of Architects. He erected a wing to Bellevue 
 Hospital. He donated the Marquand Chapel to Piinceton Univer- 
 sity. He founded and endowed the free library of Little Eock. Ark. 
 He has been one of the most liberal i^atrons of the Metropolitan Mu- 
 seum of Art. He is a member of the Mcti-opolitan, Century, Grolier, 
 and Priucetdii clubs. He married, in LS.")!, Elizabeth Love, daughter 
 of Jonathan Allcu. of Berkshire, Alass., and has three daughters — the 
 wife of Eev. Ivoderick Terry, ilrs. Henry Galbraith ^^'ard, and Mrs. 
 Harold Godwin — and three sons — Dr. Allan, Professor of Art in 
 Princeton LTniversity; Frederick Alexander, and Henry ^Marquand, 
 now the head of the banking firm established by his father. Mr. Mar- 
 quand is himself the son of Isaac Marquand, who was successfully en- 
 gaged in business in this city, and Mehitable Perry, of Fairfield, Conn., 
 and is the graiidsdu of Henry Marquand, born in 1737. who, in 1761. 
 emigrated from the Island of Guernsey to Fairfield, Conn. 
 
 i'lLVTT, DALLAS BACHE, at the age of sixteen entered the em- 
 ploy of the well-known banking firm of BroAvn Brothers & Company, 
 of this city, and remained with the house for sixteen years, when he 
 resigned his position to accept that of Cashier of the Bank of America. 
 At the end of another ten years he left the service of this bank to be 
 come a member of the firm of ^laithiud, Phelps & C()ini)any, now Mait- 
 land, Coppell & Company, banking merchants. He has been an ex- 
 ecutive officer of the Ohio Falls Car Manufacturing Company, of Jef- 
 fersonville, Ind.. and is a trustee of the German Savings Bank, and a 
 director of the Bank of America and the New York Warehouse and 
 Security Company. He is Treasurer of the New York Society for the 
 Preventiim of Cruelty to Children. He is a member of the Union 
 League, Metropolitan, Eiding, and Country clubs. He was born in 
 this city, February 4, 1849, and was educated in Trinity School. He 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 169 
 
 married, iu 1881. Miuuie G., dauylitcr of Cliark's V,. Laudoii, and has 
 three daughters and a son — Alexander Dallas Pratt. He is himself 
 the son of the late Rev. Horace L. E. Pratt, prominent Episcopal cler- 
 gyman, and descends from Lieutenant William Pratt, wko settled at 
 Cambridge, Mass., in l(i32; in KJSG was one of the founders of Hart- 
 ford. Conn., under Rev. Thomas Hooker; in l(i4."> was one of the 
 founders of iSaybrook. Conn., which town he represented in the Gen- 
 eral Court from 166G to 1678. He was the sou of Eev. William Pratt, 
 born iu 15G2. died in 1629. Eector of Stevenage, England, and was 
 great-grandson of Thomas Pratt, of Baldeck, England, who died in 
 1539. 
 
 ( iKEENUU( ;H. JUUX. is a member of the New York banking hrm 
 of Poor (it Greeuough. and previous to its formation was for many 
 years engaged iu uierca utile business in this city. He is a director 
 of the United States Casualty Company, the Lawyers' Surety Com- 
 pany, the Consolidated Ice Company, the Southwestern Coal and Im- 
 provement Company, the Knoxville and Ohio Railroad Company, and 
 the Chicago. Indiauai)olis and Louisville Railway Company. He was 
 born in Boston in 1846. was graduated froui Harvard iu 186."), and 
 removed to this city soon after. He marricnl. iu 1879. Caroline II.. 
 daughter of John M. Storey, of New York City. He is a member of the 
 Tuxedo. L'uiversity. Harvard, and Adirondack League clubs, the 
 Downtown Association, the Sous of the American Revolution, and 
 tlie XeAV England Soci(4y. He is the sou of the late David Stoddard 
 (Jreeuough, third of that name, of Boston, and Anna A. I'arkman. 
 granddaughter of Samuel Parkman. the celebrated Boston merchant. 
 He descends from Captain William Greeuough. wlio came from Eng- 
 land to Boston iu 1642. and established a shipyard at the New Eug- 
 land metropolis. He commanded one of the Boston train bauds, and 
 participated iu King I'hilip's ^Var. Mr. Greeuough is a cousiu of the 
 late Francis Parkman. historian, as also of Horatio Greeuough. sculp- 
 tor, whose statue of Wasliiugton stands iu the National capitol. 
 
 BOWDOIN, GEORGE SULLIVAN, for thirteen years subse(iueut 
 to 1871 connected with the well-known banking house of Morton, 
 Bliss i^ Company, of New York, and IMorton. Hose & Company, of 
 London, and since that time conuected witli the banking iiouse of 
 Drexel. .Morgan i^ Company, and its successor. .1. P. Morgan & Com- 
 pany, has been a participant iu a large number of the notable finau- 
 cial operations of the past quarter of a century. He has been active 
 in railroad financiering, and notably in couuection with the Philadel- 
 phia and Reading, and the West Shore. He has been president, vice- 
 presideut, director, recei^■er. or otherwise connected with a large 
 number of railroad and other corporations, and at the present time 
 is Treasui'cr of the :Metrop(ditau < >p<'ra and Real Estate Com]iaiiy. a 
 

 ^ . - _ _ , ms. hi-\^ 
 
 
 —ri TTTtW r Sic- TI31i- •>»nTTiTflw?WTi: II"iiK.J!£l*T; "ir 
 3It- : niiT— 1-"^ ir -nt^ ^rnfrr 
 
 li^f'-'r' niTTarr^ 
 
 . . iimaiL jf 1-^ '«au* 
 
 
 "TiK* . 'i*^"JT . • r if' - ^TTs - ~.'=^r^ Ufa: 
 
F.NCYCLOPKDIA OF NF.VV YORK f'.IOGK Al'Ii Y. 
 
 171 
 
 clcclcd |jciil(ii;iiil ( 'i.loiiil iif (lie Sc\ciil li K'c^i iiicnl , ;i ml in \ HH'I WUH 
 ,TI»p(»iiitc(l I{ri<,'a(lier-(iciici-iil, fotriniaridinf,' the I^'irst J5ri<<;ji(lc, coriHist- 
 in^ iiC I lie Seventh, r]i<ilitli, Sixtv-niritli, and Scvcril.v-fii-st fJej^drneniH. 
 I le is ;i nieiiiliei- cil I lie Tnion, .V[eli-oftolitan, (Triited Serv ice. and oilier 
 
 clnhs, inellldinu llie Wesl minslei- Kennel, :i|id of ihe Sorjely of Colo 
 
 niai Wars. 
 
 \i:i.'.\li;ri.!;..|(»ll.\ l).\ \|S. has been en-;io,.,| in II,,. niannfa.lun- 
 (>[ inidiei- ;ioods since ISU, ami for nearly forty years has hei-n I'res- 
 idenl. Treasurer, and .Manai^er of the (ioodyeai- India Rnlihr-r (;io\'e 
 Manuf.ici nrin^ roni|iany. lie is 
 also l'r<-sident oft he i I nl la ml 'I'l list 
 rVtrripany, rresideni of the V'ork 
 A\'ater Tonijiany, I'resiilent of the 
 York Cliffs rni|)i-ov('iMerif,Coini)any 
 is a ti-nstee niid was formerly 
 \'ice I'lesideiil of Ihe .\ n;^lo-.\ mei-i 
 fan Saviniis a ml Loan .\sso<iai ion. 
 and is a dir<-clor ol' i he I'niicd 
 
 .;OIIN DAVIS VKRMKir.K. 
 
 Rtatfs Kniilier < 'oni|>;i n,\ . I he ( 'hal- 
 liani National I'lank, lln- I'.ordeii 
 fowii ( 'oiii |i;i iiy, and llie I'hihidel 
 |diia ami i ionlenlow n l.'ailroad 
 <'oin[)an.\'. lie is a niemliei- id' I In- 
 
 IlollamI Sociei V, ;ind I h<' K'el'olln. 
 
 Kidini:, Ala nhal I ;i ii. ( 'nmnion 
 wealth, ami Alercha ills" cl iihs. lie 
 sei'vc d as Sii|iei\ isor of Itichniomi 
 County while a nsideni of t'astle 
 ton, S. 1. lie niairieil, in lS4t>, 
 
 Mary < '., daiiuhler of .I(dm Kidly, a niercdiant id' I'hiladelphia. Koiii 
 ill I'lainfield. .\. .1.. Septeniher 21. ]S'22. he is a "grandson of .Iiid;^e 
 I'rederick Xernniile. of ihe ('111111 of Common I'leas of Somerset 
 Coiiiity, .\ivv .lersey. ;iiid is jireaf-jfrandson of Corindius Vennfiile, 
 who served in the i'ro\inci;il ('on<i-ress of New Jeis^-y, and w;is a 
 stanch lie, oini iomii \ iMirioi, his four sons ser\ini:' in 1 he (Continental 
 army. The tiisi .\meric;in ancestor. Adrian N'ernieiije, who came to 
 ihis counii\ in HiD!). was the son of John Cornelissen Wrnieiile. a 
 |u-oiiiimni 1 iii/.in of Xlissenecn, Zeeland. 
 
 DOMINKK. W II.|.|.\.\r ri.WER, with Watson B. Dick.-niian, 
 founded, in IMI'.), iIh- hankini; firm of Dominick & I>i<kerman, of this 
 city, and was its senior |.arl mr until his death, Aii^'ust 31. 1805. He 
 had lieeii a mr-iiilM r of ihe New York Stock E.xclianj,'e since 1800. 
 For seveniien vears In- had lieen a member of the Seventh Regiment, 
 
172 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 serviim tiis Lifuteiiant for ten years, aud at the time of bis death beini; 
 Cajitaiu of the Mutli Compauy of the A'eterau Association. He was 
 one of the governors of the Seventh Eeginient Veteran Club, a man- 
 ngcr of the New York Iluiiucnot Society, and a member of the Board 
 of Managers of the Sons of tlie J\evoliition. He was one of the Advis- 
 oi*y Board of the Young Woman's Cliristiau Association. In 1892 he 
 was made a life member of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, with 
 his brothers, George Francis and Bayard Dominiek, having presented 
 to that institution Schraeder's picture, " t^neen Elizabeth Signing 
 the Death Warrant of Mai-y Stuart." He was a membcn- of St. 
 Thomas's Clnirch, the T'nion licague, City, TJiding, and other clubs, 
 the Society of Cnl.uiial ^^■ars, that of the War of 1812, the Aztec 
 Society, aud the New York Historical Society. He married, in ISTl, 
 Anne l)e Witt, daughter of Henry P. Alarshall aud Cornelia Eliza- 
 beth Conrad, aud a descendant of Edward Marshall, who settled in 
 Virginia in 1(524, but died in this city, and lies in Trinity Church- 
 yard; as also of Bev. John Butgers Marshall, Colonel Charles Be Witt, 
 of the Eevolution; Hermanns Butgers, Bev. Thomas Hooker, Eev. 
 Everardus Bogardus, and Anueke Jans. She survives her husband, 
 with three daughters and a son — \Villiam Francis Dominiek. Himself 
 born in Chicago, in 1815, Mr. Dominiek Avas the son of the late William 
 Francis Dominiek, a merchant in Chicago from 1811 to 1855, but who 
 was born and avIio died in this city; was the grandson of Janu^s Will- 
 iam Dominiek, an eminent New York merchant, and his wife, Phoebe, 
 daughtei' of Major James Cock, of the Bevolutionary Army, aud great- 
 grandson of George Dominiek, or Doniinigui', a Huguenot, born in 
 La Ifochelle, France, in 1739. Brought to New York City in 1742, he 
 became a ])rominent merchant, wasCaphiin in ilic militia in 1775. and 
 married Elizabeth Blanchard. 
 
 DICKEBMAN, WATSON B., f.ainder, in I8t;9, with the late ^Yill- 
 iam Gayer Dominiek, of the banking firm of Dominiek & Dickerman, 
 and since the death of Mr. Dominiek, in 1895, its senior partner, is 
 the executive head of several important mining and railroad enter- 
 prises. He is I'resident of the Evening Star Mining Compauy, Presi- 
 dent of the Morning Star Consolidated Mining Company, President 
 of the Norfolk and Southern Bailroad Company, a trustee of the Long 
 Island Loan and Trust Company, and a director of the New Y'ork 
 Stock Exchange Building Company. In 1890 and 1891 he was Presi- 
 dent of the New Y'ork Stock Exchange. Born in Mount Carmel, Couu., 
 January 4, 184n, he is the son of Ezra D. Dickerman, the hrst Ameri- 
 can ancestor having come to Massaclnisetts from England in 1635. 
 He was educated at Williston Seminary, Easthampton, Mass., and 
 entered the banking house of Jacob Bunn, at Springfield, 111. In 18G8 
 he became a member of the Open Board of Brokers of New York City, 
 
K.XCVCLOPEDIA OF XKW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 173 
 
 this organization snbsequently being- consolidated witli the Stoelc Ex- 
 cliange. He married, in 18<J9. Martha E., dangliter of Samuel Swift 
 and Mary Phelps, of Brooklyn. 
 
 HOETON, HAKKY LAWKEXCE. head of the banking firm of H. 
 L. Horton cK: Company, which be founded in ISG"), is Treasurer of the 
 Staten Island Water Supply Company, and a director of the Staten 
 Island Kapid Transit Railroad C<nnpany. For three years he was 
 President of the village of Prighton, S. I., where be has his 
 summer residence. He was the organizer and is the princijial owner 
 of the Staten Island Water Supply Company, and was active in pro- 
 moting the railroad system of the island. lie is a member of the 
 Union league. .Manhattan, liiding, and other clubs; was twice mar- 
 ried, and has two children. He was born in Bradford County Penn- 
 sylvania, January 17. 1S:;!2. and traces descent from Pobert de Horton, 
 who died in i:>l(l. The founder of the family in this country, Bar- 
 nabas Horton, arrived in New England about 1(>33, and was one of 
 the founders of Soutliold. L. I., in 1(140. Mr. Horton was a 
 merchant's clerk at Towaiula. Pa., between tlie ages of seventeen and 
 Twenty-two, after wliicli he successfully established himself in the 
 produce commission business at Milwaukee. In nine years lie hud 
 accumulated the means which enabled hiui to beconu' a member of 
 the New York Stock and other exchanges, and establisli liimself in 
 this city as a banker and broker in 1865. 
 
 SULLIVAN, ANDREW THEODORE, formerly Postmaster of 
 Brooklyn, and now President of the Nassau Trust Company of that 
 city, was born in Brooklyn, August 11, ISol, the son of Andrew Sul- 
 livan and Ann E. Harrington. P>oth parents were born in Ireland, his 
 paternal grandfather being a schoolteacher and his maternal grand- 
 father a Presbyterian clergyman. Following his graduation from St. 
 Francis Xavier's College in 1872, he taught school for three years, and 
 then engaged in business with bis father in the manufacture of paper 
 stock for the paper collar and cuff trade. He subsequently obtained 
 n position in the Department of ('harities and Corrections of Kings 
 County, which be retained until October, 1886, when he was ai(])ointed 
 Cashier and Accountant of the Brooklyn Postoffice under the admin- 
 istration of Postmaster Joseph C. Hendrix, now President of the Na- 
 tional Union Bank of New Y'ork. In March, 180:>, he was appointed 
 Assistant Postmaster, and upon the death of Postmaster Collins a 
 month later was appointed Acting Postmaster by the latter's bonds- 
 men. He was a]>pointed Postmaster by President Cleveland, June 1, 
 1893, and retained the office until September 30. 1897. Julv 1, 1897, 
 lie was elected President of the Nassau Trust Company to succeed the 
 late A. D. Wheelock. He is President of the Knights of ColuiuI)us 
 Building Cor])orntiou, Past President and a member of the I'riendly 
 
174 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Sons of St. I'ntrick, a member of the Supreme aud State Councils of 
 the Catholic Benevolent Lefi'ion, and a member of the Brooklyn, Tlan- 
 over, and Bushwick clubs, and the St. Francis Xavier Alumni Asso- 
 ciation. 
 
 BISSIXGEB, PHILIP, who has been engaged as a jewelry mer- 
 chant in New York City since 1849, while since 1853 he has been head 
 of the well-kno^^•n diamond importing firm of Philip Bissinger & Com- 
 pany, has also during the thirty-four years since 1SG4 been President 
 of the German Savings Bank, of whicii he was one of the organizers 
 and incorporators in 1859. This institution now has total resources 
 of about $45,UU0,000. He is also a director of the German Ameiicau 
 
 Baidc, the ilanhattan Life Insur- 
 ance Com])any, the German .VUi- 
 ance Insurance Company, and the 
 Holmes Electric Protective Com- 
 pany. He is Vice-President of tlie 
 New York Eye and Ear Infirmary 
 of which he was an incorporator; 
 is also an executive ofticer of 
 the (Jerman Hospital, and is a 
 member of the New York and 
 German clubs, the Liederkranz, 
 and the Downtown Association. 
 In 1S.")4 he became an active mem- 
 ber of the (ienuau Society of 
 this city, which has been in ex- 
 istence since 1784, and from 18(j5 
 to 1871 was its President. In 18fi8 
 he founded its banking depart- 
 ment, and visiting Europe estab- 
 lished agencies with thirty banks 
 of Germany, Austrta, and Switzer- 
 land. He also founded its ciiiployment bureau, whicli has found po- 
 sitions for about 125,000 German immigrants. He was a Park Commis- 
 sioner of the city under Mayor Havemeyer, having previously been a 
 member of the Committee of Seventy, whose efforts led to the over- 
 throw of the Tweed ring. He was also a State Commissioner of Immi- 
 gration, and secured reform in the steerage service to this country. 
 He confronted Senator Showman at Hamburg, had him censured by 
 the late Emperor William, and himself received knighthood at the 
 hands of the Em])eror. He was President of the Cooper Union meet- 
 ing of 1884. which, by means of its protest, defeated the proposed cen- 
 sure of tlie Governor of New York for alleged partiality in giving the 
 German element too great representation on the State Board of Immi- 
 gration. 
 
 PHILIP KISSINGER. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 175 
 
 BREESE, JAMES LAWJtEXCJO, hanker, of New York City, was 
 graduated from the Eeussel'aer Polyteolmic lustitute as a civil engi- 
 neer in 1875, and subsequently studied architecture. Later he became 
 successful in his pi'esent business. He is a member of the Union. 
 Tuxedo, Eacquet, Players', and Hudson l\iver Ice Yacht clubs, and 
 the Blooming Grove Park Association. He has a studio in this city, 
 being one of the leading amateur iihotograpliers. His artistic work 
 has won many prizes and medals both in America and Europe. He 
 was boi"n in New Y'ork City, December 21, ISol, the son of the late J. 
 Salisl)ury Breese and Augusta Eloise Lawrence <Jne of his great- 
 uncles was Eear-Admiral Samuel Livingston Breese, U.S.N. An- 
 other Avas Hon. Sidney Breese, ITnited States Senator from Illinois, 
 Speaker of its House of I{e])res«Mitatives, and Chief Justice of its 
 Supreme Court. Their father, the grandfather of Mr. Breese, was 
 Arthur Breese, a graduate from Yale, and prominent lawyer of Utica, 
 N. Y., while his great-grandfatlicr, Hon. Samuel Breese, was a Colonel 
 in the Eevolution, and subse(|uently a Judge of New Jersey. The 
 father of the latter was born in Shrewsbury, England, about 170t», and 
 having espoused the cause of the I'rctender, entered the British Navy 
 as a Purser, and later became a merchant in New York, and was Mas- 
 ter of the Port. Through his mother, "Mr. Breese descends from John 
 Lawrence, who arrived at Plynioulh in Ki:!."), and Johannes Lowesen 
 Bogert, Avho came to New Amsterdam from Haarlem, Holland, in 
 1671. 
 
 ELY, (tEOECE WILLIAM, for many years prominent as a stock- 
 broker of this city, and Secretary of the New York Stock Exchange, 
 Avent to the front in support of the Union with the Seventh Eegimeut 
 in 1S(>2, being Captain of a Company, and the youngest Captain in the 
 history of that organization. He is a member of the New York, Law- 
 yers', Barnard, and Whist dubs, and the Seventh Eegimeut Veteran 
 Association. He was born in this city. J;inuary (i, ISIO, and was ed- 
 ucated mainly in private sdiools. He married, in 18G1, Franct^s ^Vl- 
 mira, daughter of Henry AYlieeler and Nancy Hotchkiss, of Seymour, 
 Conn., and has a daughter and two sous — Henry Bidwell Ely. a law- 
 yer, and Leomtrd ^Y. Ely. a pliysician. Mr. Ely is the son of the late 
 Josejjh ^Merick Ely and Juliette .Marie, daughter of William Camp and 
 Abigail AYliittlesey, his father having been a Yale graduate and for 
 more than a (piarter of a century ])riiicii(al of a classical school in 
 this city. He is descended from Nathaniel Ely, who was born in 
 England, in KiOo, arrived in Massachusetts in 1635. and was one of 
 the tirst settlers of Hartford, Conn. 
 
 ELY, HENEY BIDWELL, coi-poration lawyer, of this city, is one of 
 the trustees of the William Astor estate, is Treasurer of the Findlay. 
 Fort Wavne and Western Eailwav, and is a director of the Astor 
 
17() 
 
 HISTORY Ol^ THE (GREATER NEW VORK. 
 
 Xjitiiiiial Bank, the Mercantile Trust Compauy, the Wcstcliester 
 Trust < "iiiui»auy, aud the Tidewater Buildinji' ( 'ompan.v. lie was born 
 in this city in l.StiG. was graduated from (.'oluuibia ("olh';:;c in ISSS. 
 aud subsequently married lillian E. Kissam. He is a member (if 
 the University, New York Athletic. Church, aud Alpha Delta I'hi 
 clubs, and the Columbia C(ille;Lie Alumni Association, lie is the 
 eldest son of George William Ely. a prominent stockbroker, and now 
 for many years past Secretary of the New York Stock Exchange; is 
 graudson of Joseph .Merrick Ely, who long maintained a classical 
 school in NeAV York, luning been graduated from Yale in 1S2!I. and is 
 descended from Nathaniel El\'. who came over in 1()84. 
 
 SOUTHAKi), (lEOlJliE HENBY, is President of the Franklin 
 Trust Com]iany of the Borough of i*rooklyn. Avhich he heljx'd to or- 
 
 gani/,e in 1S88, and which he 
 served, successively, as Secretary 
 and Second Vice-President, and is 
 a trustee or directoi- of the Dime 
 Savings Bank and the Edison 
 Electric Illuminating Comiiany of 
 ISiooklyn, and the Brooklyn 
 Wharf and ^^'arellouse <'ompauy, 
 the llecker-.Jones-.T<'well Milling 
 ("ompany, and the New York Fire 
 Insurance Company of Manhattan 
 Borougli. He is a trustee of the 
 I'nion Theological Seminaiw aud 
 of the Bro(!klyn Presbytery, and is 
 a member of the Board of Home 
 ^Missions of the Presbyterian 
 Church of America. He is a mem- 
 ber of the Union League <'lnb and 
 the Downtown Association of 
 ^Manhattan Borough, and of the 
 lud iMiving clubs of Itrooklyn. 
 Born in Boston, .Mass., i'ebiuary •2'^>. 1841, he is the son of Hon. /ibeou 
 Southard and Helen j\Iaria, daughier of Ebenezer Trescott. His father 
 was a member of the Boston ( "ommon Council in 18.")1 and 18.")2, and (d' 
 the IMassacliusetts House of lleiiresentatives in 18()1 and 1S(;2. He lin- 
 eally descends from Constant Sout liwort li, who emigrated from Eng- 
 land to I'lymouth Colony, where he snbseciuently became a deimty, in 
 1628. His widowed mother became the wife of Govennu- William 
 Bradfoi-d. ^Ir. Southa.i-d was graduated from the Boston English High 
 School in 1853, and received his business education with Southard. 
 Ilurlbut & Comjiany, oil manufacturers, of Boston. I'rom 18(n to ISC.'i 
 lie engaged ill I lie 1 umber business i n Boston, while from ISC..") to 1874 
 
 GEORGE HENRY S()ITH.\RD. 
 
 Hamilton, IJeml)randt, and Biding 
 
ENXVCLOPEDIA OF XKW YORK CIOGRAPHV. 177 
 
 he (•(iiiliiiued ill the same biisiuoss in New hmiili, X. Y. In tlie latter 
 year lie established the liiinher tirni of Soul hard & Coiupauy in Man- 
 hattan Boronoh. New York City, at the same time inakins' Brooklyn 
 ins residence. 
 
 TJ;ASK, SBEM^ER, head of the bankin- house of Spencer Trask 
 c^c Company, is also President of the Edisou Electric Illuminatinii- 
 Company, President of the Broadway Realty Company, and director 
 of the liio Graiiile Western Ilailway Company, and the Mexican Na- 
 tional Construction Company. At Saratoga Springs, where he has 
 a beautiful couutry-seat, he elected and donated to the Diocese of 
 Albany a CoiiA'alesceut Home, where one litmdred children are recu- 
 perated each summer. He is a trustee of the New Y^ork Teachers' 
 Cidlege, and a member of the Union League, Metropolitan, and other 
 clubs. Born in Brooklyn in 1814, he attended the Polytechnic Insti- 
 tute, was graduated from Princeton in isCCi, established himself in 
 the banking btisiness in this city in 18(>!l, and in April of that year 
 became a member of the New "^'ork Stock Exchange. His tirm was 
 successively Trask & Stone, Trask & Francis, and, since 1881, Spencer 
 Trask & Company. The house has branches in Boston, Albany, and 
 Providence, and maintains ]irivate wires A\ith correspondents in Phil- 
 adelphia and Chicago. 
 
 HOY'T. ALFRED :yriLLER. from 18.j4 to 1881 was a member of the 
 New York hrm of Jesse Hoyt iVc Company, his brother Jesse, an<l for 
 a time his brother Samuel N.. being has ))artners, together with 
 Henry A^'. Smith. This firm succeeded to the business which had 
 been established many years before in this city by the late James 
 Moody Hoyt. father of the brothers. Owners of extensive timber 
 lands in the iiortliwest, they wei'(^ acti\-e in developing that section. 
 They also ac(|uired large interests in connection with the grain 
 elevators of Chicago, Milwaukee, and other cities, and eventually 
 became interested in railroad development. They built and Avere 
 large owners of the Flint and Per*' Marguette Railroad, of the ^Yi- 
 nona and St. Peter Railroad, wliich became a part of the Chicago and 
 Northwestern system, and the Milwaukee and Niu-thern Railroad. 
 Alfred Miller Hoyt was President of the last-mentioned road. Since 
 1881 he has been engaged in banking in tins city, and is Vice-Presi- 
 dent of the Produce Exchange Safe Dejiosit Company, is a trustee of 
 the Bank for Savings, and is a director of the Merchants' Ex<hange 
 Bank, the Continental Trust Company, the Fidelity and Casualty 
 Company, and the Consolidated Ice Company. He was born in this 
 city in 1828, was educated in private schools, and studied law. He 
 is grandson of Colonel Jesse Hoyt, and descended from Simon Hoyte, 
 who came from England to Massachusetts in 1(>28. He is a member 
 of the Metropolitan, Union League. Century, Riding, and (J roller 
 
178 ■.:<"-<%- ^o ^ :v.: URKATER XEW YORK 
 
 i". ;l>!v He mame«, in iSocs Kivs*» K- Kees*?, ami has ihrer^ daughters 
 .-„_ ^ ...^ 11 -«,- ^^ lawwr; Alfivd William, banker, and John 
 
 KAKNF^ ai^llX SANFOKl^. ili*tingui«hed himself in the Uniieri 
 
 S < ^' ^--^- _ .-- >;. ;• -lA - - - -~ -^ ^;- .achieved success in 
 
 - srT. At the preseu: 
 
 *;iv.e fee is a direvlor of ti»e Bank i»t >vew Amste?- l the Mani:- 
 
 ^ - _ - < " y, Ue is th^ s - ' ■" - r^:" 
 
 - , . West Point, ev. - . 
 
 itae*'^ ami c\>tts»rtieu>r ami active th»>ughottt the Civil War. attaiv-. _ 
 - ^ . >. , ., . ^r . , - ! while 
 
 S&nfv>r\i Bame« w^as Ih>wi at West l\unt. Mar l±. ISS&S: vra;s gradnate'i 
 
 i<e^ la^\ aaii piracuc^ at Albany and subs in New York Ciix. 
 
 -X - -«.~ - . - - ■ - ■ -^ S. Kec- 
 
 -V - - _ .ad ther. 
 
 ivstumed to banking. He is . .. Metiv^>litan. 
 
 ^" ~ _ \ ■ : . _ " 'VestmimsieT 
 
 Iwtds??- _ -r «f Oipc:^ - tSSs U-S.^-; gr, _ : 
 
 Tlnwe «iau*&ters and ftw s - San^'smi. Jr^ aod James Barnes. 
 
 Jfc BaKxvk. is alsw Tfeasaires- of ,t>iHE. CV- 
 
 V " - - - - - . ^ 
 
 Keo&mk am'd IVs Sloastes 
 
 $if«dferi Mi, tftte Svms of tfce K- 
 
 --ireff. and is d*^ 
 H. V ., am or"_ 
 
KXCYCLOf'KDIA OF NEW YORK B(OGf<AFHV. 171) 
 
 cliilrlii-ii ;iri-. fjy his fii-Hf wif'f. two fliiiif^litcrH Jiml ilir<-<- hoiik — H'-nrv 
 1 1 nil li ill soil. Ji-.. I III ill llojiislci-. ;iihI I.oiijh. 
 
 INCAM.S. (•JJ.\i;)j:s JIJ:NJ;V. J-ifsidcnt of llic FiiHf XfilioriJil 
 J'.jiiik of Si;iiiii IsIjiih). ;ifir| ScciT't Jirv ;iiir] I)irfftor of tli(- Norlli Shore 
 IJuihliiiji l.oiui ;iii<l Suvinj^s AsKooiiilioii. of I'oii Kichrnoiir]. waH th(t 
 foimijcr of thf )ii-st-iiiirr)C(l iiisUt iilioji. in .f;iriii;ii-y. IsSfJ. raisinji: tlK- 
 siihsfi-ijitioiis and orjiani/Jiiji Ih'- l)aiil<. In 1 ?<'.>2 \i<- ]>cc:nii<- itH V'if-f- 
 I'lisi'hiii. ;iimI ill .Janiiai\ . 1x1)1. was f-lectfd I'rf*sid«'nt. H<- h<'carrif? a 
 clcik ill lh<' .Mi'l lopoliiaii I'.aiik of N'cw V'irk City in ls(;]. and h'-l»] 
 various ]»ositioiis until its faiiiir«- in ISSt. In iNsri ix? ua.s \s'il.h tbc- 
 Aiisonia IJj-ass ;iii<l ( oiipii- ( onipa ny. Ii<- h;is Ic-cn Hocretarv of the 
 North Shore ISiiililiii;: Loan and Sa\ii)jis .Association sinf,* ]H>-'K and 
 in ly.y-i. \>'.)i. ami !nI»o was I'r<-si(h'nt af the IJoard of Ediifation of 
 Port Iiicbinoiid. lie is a nieniher of the Staten Island Chamber of 
 Coninieree, tlie Kill von Kiill 'k'afht. and Staten Island clubs, and The 
 Society for the i'reventioii of Cruelly tti Children. He was born in 
 Souiliojil. L. I., March IT. 1843, the son of Joshua K. Inj^alls and 
 Amanda Cray, and was educated in the I'rooklyn jdiblic schools and 
 the Mount Washington T'ollegiate Institute of S<-\\ Vork City, lie is 
 descended from Elkanab lugalls. who emigrated from England to 
 Massachusetts about 1000. His father has Avritten miicli upon land 
 and other economic f|uestions. including the two volumes. "Social 
 Wealth " and " IJeminiscences of an t)ctogenarian.'" 
 
 ]).\ v. (f.AinCNCE SIIEI'AKI). has been a prominent banker and 
 stockbroker of New York City for thirty years, ami is prominently 
 connected with vaiiiuis railroarl eoi^jorations. He is now \'ice-Presi- 
 dent of the Home, Watertown and Ogdensburg IJailroad t'ompany, 
 and a director of the South t'jirolina and TJeorgia Railroad Company. 
 the St. Paul and Duluth Kailroad Company, and the Ogdensburg and 
 Lake Champlain Railroad Company. He is a member of the New 
 York t'haniber of Commerce, the New England Soriety. and the 
 Metrojiolitaii. Cnion League, JJiding. and Lawyers' clubs. He was 
 born in this citj-. August 9, 1844, and attended the jMiblic schools 
 and the College of the City of New York. He man-ied. in 1873. La- 
 vinia Elizabeth Stockwell. descended from the old New York family of 
 Parmly. and has four sons — f.'larence Shepard. Jr.. Ceorge Panrily. 
 Julian. aiKl Harold C. Mr. Day is the son of the late Benjamin Henr>- 
 Day. of this city, and Eveline, daughter of Mather Shepard and Har- 
 riet Day. His father founded the New YVjrk Sim in 1833. Selling it 
 to his brother-in law, Moses Y'. Beach, in 1837. he established and for 
 twenty years published and edited the lirother .Joiuifhiiu. The founder 
 of the family in America, Robert Day. was of Welsh descent, and set- 
 tled at Cambridge. :Mass.. in 103.'j. subsequently accomjianying Dr. 
 
180 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Tiiumas Hooker to Hartford, Conn. Mr. Day's colonial ancestors in- 
 clude Lieutenant Thomas Cooper, of Hartford; Colonel Benjamin Day, 
 of West Springfield. Mass., and Elder Brewster, of riymoutb. 
 
 WESTBROOK. JOHX, who has been at the head of a block-cuttiuii' 
 establishment on Staten Island since 1869, is President of the IJich- 
 mond County Savings Bank, is Pi'esident of the Staten Island Build- 
 ing Loan and Savings Association, and is a director of the First Na- 
 tional Bank of vStaten Island and of the Staten Island Chamber of 
 Commerce. He is Treasurer of lliclimond County Lodge, No. 88. 
 
 I.O.O.F., and for five years 
 was a School Trustee of 
 "SYest New Brighton. Ho 
 was born in Derbyshire, 
 England. August 12. 1832, 
 the son of Richard West- 
 brook and Sarali Jackson. 
 His fatlier was a block- 
 cutter, while his grand- 
 father kept a large inn 
 where a line of mail 
 coaches stopped daily. 
 :\lr. AVestbrook was edu- 
 cated in the schools of 
 Scotland, served a seven 
 years' apprenticeship at 
 block-cutting, and in 1851 
 immigTated to New York 
 City. At the end of a year 
 he returned to Scotland, in 
 1858 again removed to 
 New Y'ork, returning to 
 Scotland in 1801, and in 
 1868 making a third and 
 final removal to America. 
 In 1809 he founded the 
 business mentioned, w liicli lias since assumed extensive proportions. 
 He married, first, in Paisley, Scotland, in 1851. :Margaret Yuill, who 
 subseqtieutly died, and second, on Staten Island, in 188(1, Emma 
 Springer. He has three daughters and five sons — Robert R., William, 
 Josepli Y., Charles, and Ilalph (K Westln-ook. 
 
 CHAPIN, WILLIAM YIALL, banker, of this city, and member 
 of the New York Stock Exchange from 1880 to 1890, was born in Prov- 
 idence, R. I., January 1, 1855. He attended St. PauFs School at Con- 
 cord, N. H., and was graduated from Trinity College, subsequently 
 
 .JOHN WKSTIiROOK. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 181 
 
 i-pcciviiii; the (Ici;i('c nf .Mjisicr of Aii>. He has since resided in New- 
 York and engaged iu banking. He is a nicniber of the Knickerbocker, 
 St. Anthony, and IMii Beta Kapi)a dnbs, and the New England So- 
 ciety. In 1890, lie married Mary ^\'ort li, danglit(n' of Loonus L. White, 
 banker, and well known member of the New York kStock Exchange. 
 She is descended from Peregrine ^Vhite, born on the Mayflower, wiule 
 her great-great-grandfather was State Senator and flrst (Chancellor 
 of the University of the State of New York. Mr. <;hai)in is the son 
 of General Walter B. Chapin and Ann Frances Low Mall, and grand- 
 son of Hon. IJoyal Chapin, Governor (d' IJhode Island. He descends 
 from Samnel Chapin, one of the ])roiiiineni fonnders of Springfield, 
 Mass., in 1036. 
 
 CUX, TU\VjS'SE:N'D, banker and broker, and member of the ^'ew 
 York Stock Exchange from 1805 to 1885, has been in retirement from 
 bnsiness pnrsnits since the latter date. In 1809 he was President of 
 the Gold Exchange. He was a Commissioner of Charities and Cor- 
 rection of this city from 1874 to 1882, while from 1885 to 18l»2 he was 
 President of the State Forest Commission. He was one of the fonnd- 
 ers of the Mendelssohn Glee Clnb, and its I'resideut. and was a Gov- 
 ernor of the Manhattan Clnb. He married Anne Helme. danghter of 
 Walter AVilmot Townseud and Anne Helme, a descendant of Chris- 
 ioj)her Helme. of Warwick, E. I., in 1050, and has a danghter and 
 fonr sons — Wilmot Townsend, Townsend, Irving, and Daniel.' Born 
 in 1828, he is the son of Daniel Townsend Cox and Hannah Wilmot, 
 danghter of General Nathaniel Coles, and is descended from James 
 Cock, who was at Setauket, L. I., before 1059, and snbseqneutly ac- 
 quired a large estate at Oyster Bay. Annjng his ancestors were 
 Henry AMsner, signer of the Declaration of Independence; John Town- 
 send, an early settler of Long Island; Lieutenant Robert Feke, Avho 
 married a niece of Governor Winthrop; Hon. Nathaniel Coles, Judge 
 of Queens County in 1089, and Captain Daniel Coak, a Eevolutionary 
 <ifficer. 
 
 EMMONS, JOHN FRANK, since 1878 a member of the banking 
 firm of H. L. Horton & Company, of this city, is President of the 
 Baltimore and New Y'ork Itailway, President of the Staten Island 
 Rapid Transit Company, President of the Staten Island Railway 
 Company, Vice-President of the First National Bank of Staten Island, 
 and a director of the IJapid Transit Ferry Company, and the Staten 
 Island Ferry Company. He was educated iu Boston, where he was 
 born. April 20, 1839, liis father. John \j. Emmons, being a prominent 
 Boston merchant. Entering his father's store at sixteen, he presently 
 became a partner under the style of J. L. Emmons & Company. He 
 subsequently withdrew, however, and. coming to this city, became a 
 
182 
 
 HISTORY OF 11 IE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 liiciiiln r iif the rinii nf (Scnrne E. Cook & Compiiiiy, dealers in securi- 
 ties, lu 187S he liecaiue a ineinber of IT. L. ITdrton i^' Coinpany. He 
 has resided upon Stateii Island since ]8()<>, and lias been active in [iro- 
 curing tlie present railroad system of Riclimond County. He is a 
 member of the New York Stock ExcliauQe, a member of tlie Union 
 Leaaue Club, and eniovs hiiili social position. In lS(i(; he married 
 Mary Wiuthrop Cuok. During the Civil War (18(>3-4:) he saw some 
 service in North Carolina as Lieutenant of Company E. 4r>th Massa- 
 chusetts. 
 
 1\MT;C1TTLT). .TCLTAN D., President of the Kin-is County Trust 
 Conijiany, was for some years Cliaiiinan of the E.\ecutive Committee 
 
 of the company prior to his elec- 
 tion to his present position. He 
 is also Treasurer of the New East 
 TJiver Bridge, and a director of 
 the Bedford Bank, of liroolclyn, 
 and the Edison Electric Light 
 Coni]iany of the same city. In 
 ISHo he was offered the Demo- 
 cratic nomination for Mayor, but 
 his business interests would not 
 permit his acceptance. He is 
 Vice-President of the Brooklyn 
 Central Dispensary, and is a 
 member of the Brooklyn, Mon- 
 tauk, and Dyker Meadow Golf 
 clubs. He is also a member of 
 the New York Chamber of Com- 
 merce and the New York Pro- 
 duce Exchange. Born in Strat- 
 ford, Conn.. April 17, IS.IO, at 
 thirteen years of age he entered 
 the employ of a large New Haven 
 hardware manufacturing com- 
 with this company for about three years, occupying 
 the positions of office boy, entry clerk, and assistant bookkeeper. 
 TMiring these years he saved his money, an<l at the age of seventeen 
 start(Ml in the tea, coffee, and si)ice business for himself with a capital 
 of about four hundred (hdlars. After remaining in this business for 
 a short time he sold out and went into the agricultural business, 
 and four years later changed lo I he manufacture of comnu'rcial ferti- 
 lizers, becoming Secretary (d' the (^)uinnii)iac l-Vrtilizer Company, of 
 New^ Haven and New London, Conn. He sold out his interest in this 
 company in 1874 and became connected with the E. Frank Coe Ferti- 
 lizer Com]Kiny, in New Y(uk City, and eventually became the Presi- 
 
 .JULIAX D. FAIKCMII.l) 
 
 pany, reniaininj. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK RIOGRAPHY. 183 
 
 deut i)f the ( \nii]);iny. In lS!»i lie disjioscd of his iiiteiext in this coni- 
 piiny, and is now jiiving' his attention to the Kinns (.'onntv Tinst ("oiii- 
 paiiy. He lias been a vesident of r.i'(i(d<lyn since IST.!. 
 
 CAKPEXTER, HERBEKT lr^ AN FORD, from 1S90 to 1895, was a 
 menibev of the New York banking- tirni of Charles Head & Company, 
 and since the latter date has been a member of the banking firm of 
 Thomas L. Manson, Jr. & Company. He was born in Brooklyn in lStt2, 
 was edncated in this city, and is the sou of the eminent artist, Francis 
 B. Carpenter, and Augusta Prentice, and grandson of Asaph 11. Car- 
 penter aud Elmira Clark. His father made life studies of Lincoln and 
 his Cabinet for his celebrated painting, " Signing of the Emancipation 
 Proclamation,"' which hangs in the United States Capitol, and subse- 
 quently i)ublished " Six ^Months at the White House; or. The Inner 
 Life of President Lincoln." Mr. Carpenter married, in 1883, Cora 
 Anderson, of one of the old families of Louisville, Ky., and has a 
 daughter. He is a member of the New York Athletic, Playeis", and 
 Engineers" clubs. 
 
 BATTERMAN, HENRY, has been engaged in bu.«iness in Brooklyn 
 since 18G7, and latterly has been prominently connected with a num- 
 ber of important financial institutions. He is now President of the 
 Broadway Bank of Brooklyn, and a director of the Manufacturers" 
 Trust Company and the American Stoker Comi»any. By appointment 
 of Mayor Charles A. Schieren, of Brooklyn, he served on the Bridge 
 ('ommission. He is a member of the Hamilton, Union League, Riding 
 and Driving, and Germania clubs, of P.nxdclyn. The sou of John F. 
 aud So]>hie Batterman, both of whom were born in Germany, he was 
 himself born in Brooklyn, N. Y., November 5, 1840, and was educated 
 in the ])ubiic scliools of that city and Renville's Commercial College 
 of tlie City of New York. 
 
 ('RUMWELL. OLIVER EATON, for many years actively engaged 
 in business in this city as a stockbroker, is the sou of the late Charles 
 T. Crojnwell, a prominent New Vork lawyer, and grandson of J(din 
 Cromwell, a merchant of New York City, and Lieutenant of Artillery 
 in the War of 1812. He was born in the City of New York, October (>, 
 1818, and was graduated from Columbia College as a mechanical en- 
 gineer. He is a member of the T'nion. Metropolitan, Delta Phi, New 
 York Yacht, American Yacht, and Seawanhaka-Coriuthian Yacht 
 clubs, the St. Nicholas Society, and Holland Lodge. In 1891 he was a 
 County Commissioner of Bernalillo County, New Mexico, where he 
 has interests. He married, in 1890. Lucretia B., daughter of James 
 H. Roberts, of Chicago, and has a daughter and two sons — Oliver 
 Eaton and James Roberts Cromwell. He is lineally descended from 
 
184 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Joliu Cromwell, of Cromwell's Neck, Westchester Couuty. who was 
 the sou of Colonel Johu Cromwell, and grandson of Sir Oliver Crom- 
 well, the cousin and uucle respectively of Oliver Cromwell. Lord Pro- 
 tector of England. Through his mother, Henrietta Amelia, daughter 
 of Benjamin Brooks, of Bridgeport, Conn., Mr. Cromwell is also de- 
 scended from Catherine Henrietta, sister of the Lord I'rotector. Her 
 sou, Colonel William Jones, who came to New Haven in 16G0, is 
 his ancestor, as is also Theophilus Eaton, first Governor of New Haven 
 Colony. 
 
 DAVIS, FELLOWES, has been long engaged in the handling of 
 stocks in New York City, and is a director of the Cincinnati, Hamilton, 
 and Dayton Eailway Company. He is a member of the Council of the 
 Military Order of Foreign Wars, and is one of the Board of Managers 
 of the Society of the Sous of the lievolution. He is also a member 
 of the Union Club, the Society of Colonial Wai's, and the New York 
 Historical Society. He is the son of William Davis. Jr.. and Maria 
 Davis, his paternal and maternal great-grandfathers being two 
 brothers. Captain Aaron Davis, Jr.. and Moses Davis, both of whom 
 were Revolutionary soldiers, while their father. Colonel Aaron Davis, 
 was also Colonel of Militia during the Eevolutiou, and a prominent 
 member of the Massachusetts Legislature. The latter's grandfather, 
 William Davis, settled in Roxbury, Mass., in 1G38. being of the old 
 manorial family of Davis, long seated at Twickenham, England. Mr. 
 Davis is also descended from Governor Johu Winthrop, Sr.. and Gov- 
 ernor Thomas Dudley. He married, in 1S71. Marie Antoinette Baker, 
 of Boston, and has a daughter and three sons — Fellowes, Jr.. Pier- 
 pout, and Dudley. Mrs. Davis is also descended from Governor Dud- 
 ley, as well as from Eobert Baker, who came over with Endicott's 
 fleet, and received a grant of land from the crown at Salem, Mass.. in 
 1637; from Jonathan Baker, who distinguishe<l himself in the French 
 and Indian war. and from Benjamin Baker and Jesse Davidson. Revo- 
 lutionary soldiers, who were her great-grandfathers. 
 
 BARTHOLOMEW, JOHN OLMSTED, formerly engaged as an im- 
 porter in this city in the British trade, and in later years engaged in 
 banking on Wall Street, is a member of the L'nion and Metropolitan 
 clubs, and was born in Denmark, N. Y., February 10, 1827. He is the 
 son of the late Dr. Erasmus Darwin Bartholomew, a physician of 
 Western New York, and ^iary Seline Brewster, a descendant of Elder 
 Brewster, of Plymouth Colony. His grandfather, Dr. Sherman Bar- 
 tholomew, was a Surgeon in the American Army in the War of 1812, 
 while the founder of the line in this country, William Bartholomew, 
 who arrived in Boston in 1634, and subsequently became a member of 
 the Massachusetts General Court, was of gentle blood, the son of Will- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 185 
 
 iam Bartlioluuiew, of ^^■al•bonnl,^ll, Oxfordshire, aud Friswede, daugh- 
 ter of William Metcalf, Mayor of New AVoodstock. 
 
 KELLY, UICHAKL). was the foimder of the Fifth National Bauk 
 of New York City, aud was its President for about thii'ty-two years, 
 from its oruanization in January. 1864, until bis death in his seventy- 
 seventh year, April 20, 1897. In his younger davs he was connected 
 with the Volunteer Fire Depait- 
 ment of tlie city. He was one o! 
 the old members of the Union 
 League Club, and remained 
 through life a stanch IJepublican. 
 his first and last ballots alike 
 having been cast for the candi- 
 dates of that party. He also 
 served upon the bench as a Jus- 
 tice of New York City, and was at 
 one time the Republican candi- 
 date for Comptroller of the city, 
 lie was for many years President 
 of the School Board of the Nine 
 teenth Ward. He served upon 
 the Nominating Committee of the 
 New York Clearing House Asso- 
 ciation. He was long President 
 of the Pavonia Ferry Railroad 
 Company, retaining the position 
 until that company disposed of 
 its right of way through Lexing- 
 ton Aventie to the ^letropolitan 
 Traction Company. At the time 
 of his death he was also Presi- 
 dent (d' the Dry Dock, East 
 Broadway and Battery Railroad 
 Com})auy, and a director in 
 va lions other enter|)rises. He 
 
 married Jane Meeks, also of an old New York family. She sur\ives 
 liim, with tlieir two children— Dr. Stephen Kelly and Richard B. 
 Kelly. 
 
 RICHARD KELLY. 
 
 KELLY, STEPHEN, in the spring of 181)7 succeeded his father, the 
 late Richard Kelly, as President of the Fifth National Bank of New 
 York City, of which he had been Vice-President since 1887, and a 
 director for a much longer period. He was born in New York in 1847, 
 and was educated in the public schools, in 18(18 being graduated from 
 the College of the Citv of New York. He studied medicine under Dr. 
 
& 
 
 186 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 James K. Wood, at Bellevue Hospital Medical College, and after his 
 graduation from the latter in 1871, was for several rears actively and 
 successfully engaged in the practice of medicine in Xew York City. 
 in 1873 he was married to Miss Julia Davis, of Natchez, Miss. While 
 always retaining his legiil residence in Xew York City, he for many 
 yenrs successfully engaged in cotton planting on an extensive scale 
 hi .Mississippi and Louisiana. He was long a director of the Dry 
 Dock, East llroadwiiy and IJnttery Railroad Company, prior to its 
 sale, August 23, 18!t7, to the Third Avenue Railroad Company. He is 
 a member of the New York Athletic Club. By his first wife, who died 
 in 1883, he has one child— (Jeorge M. D. Kelly. On August 1, 1897. 
 Dr. Kelly was married to 3liss Euinia Riley, of Cornwall, X. Y. 
 
 Richard B. Kelly, the younger son of the late Richard Kelly and 
 Jane Meeks. is engaged in the practice of law in Xew York City. 
 He is Vice-President of the Fifth National Bank, as well as its coun- 
 sel and attorney, and is also a trustee of the Broadway Savings Insti- 
 tution, and a director of the Home Bank. 
 
 SCHWAB, GUSTAV, was for many years one of the uiost eminent 
 of New York business men. He was born in Stuttgart, Germany, 
 in 1822, the son of Gustav Schwab, the well-known German author 
 and poet, and the grandson of Dr. John Chiistopher Schwab, who long 
 occuped the chair of Philosophy and ^Mathematics in the University of 
 Stuttgart, and declined to relinquish it in order to accept his desig- 
 nation by Frederick the Great to assist in establishing and directing 
 the Berlin Royal Academy of Science. Having been in the counting- 
 house of H. H. ileier & Company, of Bremen, between the ages of 
 seventeen and twentv-two, in 1814 Mr. Schwab came to New York to 
 take a position with the firm of Oelrichs & Kruger. ^A'ithin five years 
 lie engaged in the shippiug business in this city on his own account 
 as junior member of the firui of Wichelhausen, Recknagle & Schwab. 
 In 1859 he severed this connection to enter the firm of Oelrichs & 
 Company, successors to Oelrichs & Kruger. It was shortly subsequent 
 to the organization of this firm that the house acquired the American 
 agency of the North German Lloyd Steamship Line, the head of H. H. 
 Meier & Company, of Bremen, with whom Mr. Schwab had served 
 his mercantile apprenticeship, being President of the steamship com- 
 pany. Mr. Schwab succeeded the late Henry Oelrichs as head of 
 Oelrichs & Company, and so remained tiutil his retirement from busi- 
 ness in 1887, when the present Herman Oelrichs. son of Henry, be- 
 came senior partner. Mr. Schwab died in 1888. At the time of his 
 death he was Vice-President of the Merchants' National Bank, as 
 well as its senior director. He was also a director of the Central Trtist 
 Company, the Washington Life Insurance Company, and the Orient 
 Mutual Insurance Company. He was at one time a member of the 
 New York Board of Education, was long Treasurer of the German 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 187 
 
 Hospital, and was Warden of St. James's ChuiTh (Episcopal), of 
 Fordbam. He married in 1850, Catherine Elizabeth, daughter of 
 L. H. Von Post, of this city, a descendant from one of the German 
 emigrants from the Palatinate to this country in 1710. Their family 
 included the present (iustav II. and Herman C. Schwab, members of 
 Oelrichs & Company; Rev. Lawrence II. Schwab, Rector of St. Mary's 
 Chtirch (Episcopal), of this city, and Dr. John C. Schwab, Professor 
 of Political Economy in Yale riiiv<rsity. 
 
 SCHWAB, GUSTAV H., eldest son of the late Gustav Schwab, was 
 born in New York City, May 30, 1851, was educated here and at Stutt- 
 gart, Gei-uiauy, received a business training at Bremen, Germany, 
 and Liverpool, England, in 1873 became connected with the firm of 
 Oelrichs & Company, of this city, of which his father was long 
 the head, and since 1876 has been a member of that firm. He is a 
 trustee of the United States Trust Company, the Atlantic Mutual In- 
 surance Company, and the Birkbeck Investment Savings and Loan 
 Company, and a director of the Merchants' National Bank and the 
 New York Produce Exchange and Safe Deposit Storage Company. 
 He has served as Commissiimer of Emigration for the State of New 
 York. He is a prominent member of the Chamber of Commerce and 
 has been Cliaiinian of its Executive Committee. He was formerly a 
 member of the Sub-committee on Finance, and is now Chairman of 
 the Committee on Foreign Commerce and Revenue Laws. lU' is a 
 member of the Jletropolitan, Century, City, Reform, Comnionwealtli, 
 Tuxedo, Riding, and Mendelssohn Glee clubs, and the Liederkranz. 
 He married in 1876, Caroline E. Wheeler, niece of William B. Ogden, 
 of New York, Avho was the first Mayor of Chicago, and at one time 
 President of the Chicago and Northwestern Railway Company, and 
 has two children — Emilv Elizabeth and Gustav Schwab. 
 
 CONSTABLE, JAMES MANSELL, who has long been the head of 
 the notable drygoods house of Arnold, Constable & Company, and 
 since 1842 has been a member of the firm, is also Vice-1'resident of 
 the Institution for Savings for ilerchants' Clerks, and is a director of 
 the Bank of New York. He was born in Surrey. England, in 1812. 
 and having become impressed with this country while on a pleasure 
 tour, came over permanently in 1810. He was the friend of the late 
 Aaron Arnold, head and founder of the then existing firm of Arnold, 
 Hearn ^Vc Company, and became interested with him. two years later be- 
 coming a partner under the new style of A. Arnold & Company, which 
 later gave place to Arnold. Constable & Company. He married, in 
 1811, Henrietta, only daughter of Aaron Arnold, and has two daugh- 
 ters and a son — Frederick A. Constable. As a memorial to liis wife, 
 who died in 1884, Mr. Constable erected at iMamaroneck a Protestant 
 
l^^'^ iiiMORY Ol- TUK UKKAIKK NEW YORK, 
 
 Kpisoopal iMuuvh. Uo is a mombor of iho Uofonn I'hib ami the Up- 
 town Assoi'iatton. Tlio tinu has houses at Paris aiul l.ViMis. Fraitio. 
 
 ri.AN T. UKNKV liKAPl.KY. has hMiji boon iho most luomimnu 
 tiuuiv in oomiootiou with oxpross ami t-ailwav iutorosts in the 
 8outhorn States. Kuteiiug the employ of the New Haven Steamboat 
 Oompaivy at the ujiv of oishttvw, he was soon intvusttHl with the ex- 
 pn^s busim^s In rail ami water betw»vti New Haven ami New 
 York. I'pon the organiKation of the Adams F.xpress Company he 
 Kvame its rt^v*i^^*^*M^»^'i^"^' i" ^1*^^ South. From iJsU to ISOl he was 
 Superiutemlettt of its Southern division, with heailquarters; at Au- 
 siusta, (.»a. In the latter year he organizeil the Southern Kxpivss 
 Company, which sueiH^tnled to the busiut^ss of the Adams Expivss 
 iVmpany in the Cotiftnlerate States. Illness soon after foreed him 
 to spend tuueh time iu Uermmla ami Kusilaml. After the war he be- 
 came active iu developing the agvucies of tiniusportatiou iu the 
 Southern Statt^ He was the head of the syndicate Avhich. in 1ST9. 
 acquirvHi the Atlautic and Culf Kailrvnid. and nH>rg;iniztHl it as the 
 Savannah. Florida and AVestern. He also acquireil and rebuilt the 
 Sjivannah and Charleston Kailrvnul. In IS^2 he securtHl the incor- 
 poration of the I'lant luvt»stment Company, and thus btvame head of 
 a notable syndicate of capitalists who had joiueil forces to develop 
 the n^jonrvvs and facilitit^s of the South. Fast mail steamship lines 
 wertM^stablishtHl betwtvn Tampa. Fla.. and Havana, Cuba; New York 
 and Florida, lioston and Halifax, and ivuutvting local Southern 
 porisv Large modern hotels were erei'ttnl in Floriila, and the rttil- 
 wavs of that State developeii and compacteil with systems extending 
 to the north and the west. The result has been the creation of the 
 si>-ealUHl riaitt system, of which its originator is the extH'utive head. 
 Siniv it was fouudtxl by him. in lSl>l, he has been l^^sident of the 
 Siuithern Expn^ss Comivmy, while he is also l^^sident of the Savan- 
 i\ah, Florida atid N\\»stern Kailway Comi^iny, l^»sident of the Silver 
 Sv>ring^ Ocala and Gulf Kailrv^ul Company, l*resideut of the Charles- 
 ton and Sjivauuah Railway ComiKiny. Pn^sident of the Alabama ilid- 
 land Uailway Cvnu^vtity. Ihvsident of the Brunswick and Western 
 Kailrv^td ComjKtny . lYesideni of the Tamjnt and Thonott^Siissit Kail- 
 r\md l\nuiv»ny, and is a director of ten or twelve other rv^tds. He is 
 also l*rt\?ident of the Canada. Atlantic v^ Plant Steamship Comvvtny, 
 and of the Lake Alfreil Comv*any; is a trustet^ of the American Surety 
 t\nuiviny. and the Metrv>politan Trust Comi^iny. and is a director of 
 the Key \\\\?t Comtnereial Company-, and the Jacksonville Street 
 Kailrojid Com^viny. He was born in BranfonL Conn., October 27. 
 1>H>. had as tutor Kev. Timothy O. Gillette, and attended the Lan- 
 castrian Si*hoi>l at New Haven. He descends fnnn John Plant, w-ho 
 ^- •::-^-'-aI fr\nn England to Conneeticut iu lt>3tf- His paternal and 
 I srrvvAt-srrandfathers were Kevolmionarv s^ddiers. the- latter 
 
E.NCVCLUPiJJlA OF NEW YOKK BIOGKAIMIV, 181) 
 
 lioldirif; tlic i"iiil< of .M;ijoi-. Ilic luiiui'i- Ijaviji"; I Ik- <Jisti;i(t iu)i of )i;iv- 
 iiiji Ix'cii Ktutioned at W'asljiiijjIoii'K li<'ii<J(juarl<Ts at S>-\\\>\ir-^\i. and 
 liaviiifi wrvcd on guan] at tJjo execution of Major .\u(\y(';. Mr. I'lant 
 married, in 1X42, Ellen Elizabeth, dauj^hter of Jlon. Janies J{lafk- 
 stone, of Connectient. by wlioni li<* had liin only nnrvis inji Kon, Morion 
 F. I'lant. She died in 18(;i. and twelve years later he married Alar- 
 garet Josejdiine, only dauf^hter of Martin Loujrhman. of I his city. 
 .Mr. Plant is a member of the ('nion Leaj^ne Club and the New Eng- 
 hiiid Society. 
 
 I'LANT, MnirrOX F., is the only survivinj^ son of Jlenry JJrad- 
 ley Plant, of this city, and is actively associated in the management 
 of the immense transjjoilation system erected by his father. lie is 
 second executive ofticer of many of the corporations, and a director 
 of others. He is \'ice-President of the Southern J-^xpress Comy)any, 
 Vice-President and .Manager of the Canada, Atlantic and Plant 
 Steamsliij) Company. Nice-President of the Florida Southern Kail- 
 road Comi»any. \'i<e-President of the Alabama Midland Kaihvay 
 Company, Nice-President of the Brunswick and W'estenj iJailroad 
 Company, X'ice-President of the Abbeville Southern Railway Com- 
 pany. Vice-President of the .Nlontgornery Belt Line Railway Company, 
 and N'ice-l'resident of the Sanford and St. Petersburg iJailway ("om- 
 Ijauy, Avhile he is a director of the Charleston and Savannah liailway 
 Company, the Savannah, I'lorida and Western Railway Company, 
 the St. John's and Lake Eustis Railroad T'ompany. the Winston and 
 Bone Valley Railway Company, and the Green Pond, Waterboro, and 
 Branchville Railway. lie is a member of the New York Athletic 
 Club. 
 
 MILLS, iJARirs OODEN, has distinguished him.'^-lf by his prac- 
 tical philanthropy. In isss he erected for the City of New York in 
 the Bellevue Hospital grounds, at a cost of .«100,000, the D. O. Mills 
 Training School for Male Nurses. He is one of the joint builders and 
 owners of the Madison S'juare Garden and the new Metropolitan 
 Opera House. He is patron of the Metropolitan Mu.seum of Art, the 
 American ;Museum of Natural Histoid, and the Amei-ican GfrK^graphic- 
 al Society. He is a ju-incijial proprietor of the new model tenements 
 on the East and West Sides of ^aw Y'ork, in the heart of the most 
 crowded districts, which now afford apartments for the familif^s of 
 workingmen at a rent as low as for .squalid quarters, but giving them 
 every sanitary convenience, light, air, bathroom, properly-equipped 
 kitchen, and ta.stefully decorated living rooms. On Bleecker Street, 
 between Sullivan and Thomp.son, he has erected an imposing ten- 
 story hotel palace for tho.se whose circumstances compel them to 
 study tlie strictest economy. Here a night's hidging can be had for 
 twenty cents, and good inenls for fifteen cents. Nevertheless there is 
 
190 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 complete elevator and attendant service, scrupiilous cleanliness, 
 with firebrick finish, marble corridors, spacious parlors and reading- 
 rooms, baths, and lavatories, while tlie fifteen hundred bedrooms are 
 handsomely car^jeted and tastefully and comfortably furnished. A 
 similar hotel for women, and another for men in the so-called '' Ten- 
 derloin ■■ district, are under way. lie is also proprietor of the Mills 
 Building, one of the notable office-buildings of the city, with wings 
 on Wall and Broad streets. ]\lr. ^Mills is President of the Virginia 
 and Truckee Baili-oad, a trustee of the United States Trust Company, 
 and the ]\[etropolitan Trust Cnnipany, and a director of the Bank of 
 New York, the Farmers" Loan and Trust Company, the Madison 
 S<|uare Garden Company, the .^letroiiolitan Opera and Beal Estate 
 
 Comjiany, the City and Suburban 
 Homes ("omi)any, the Edison Elec- 
 tric Illuminating Comi)any, the 
 Mergenthaler Linotype Company, 
 tlie ^Minnesota Iron Comjiany, tlie 
 l>uluth and Iron Kange Bailroad 
 Company, the Cataract Constnic- 
 lion ('ompany. the Niagara Devel- 
 ojiment Conijiauy, the Niagara 
 Junction Bailway Company, the 
 Erie Railroad Company, the Lake 
 Sliore and Michigan Southern 
 Kailroad Company, and the Car- 
 son and Colorado Kailway. He 
 was born in North Salem, West- 
 chester County, N. Y., Sei)tember 
 5, 1825, the son of Janu's Mills, of 
 an old WestchesttH' family. He 
 htdd a clerkship in New York City 
 for several years, and then became 
 Cashier of the Merchants' Bank of 
 Erie County, New York, being partner of his cousin, E. J. Townsend, 
 in its ownership. I'pon the discovery of gold in California, he estab- 
 lished himself as a general merchant at Sacramento, at the same time 
 buying gold dust and dealing in exchange on New York. Subse- 
 quently he established the banking firm of D. (). :\lills & Company, 
 which continues to be one td' the leading financial houses of Califor- 
 nia, and " the oldest bank of unbroken credit in the State." He also 
 organized the Bank of California, with a capital of .f2,0n0,n00, and 
 for nine years was its President. When he retired, in 1873, the bank 
 was doing an immense business, but under his successor, the unfor- 
 tunate Balston, it was brought to the verge of ruin in two years. Mr. 
 Mills finally consented to his re-election as President, and having 
 once more placed the institution on a solid basis, resigned in May, 
 
 DARirS (). MILLS. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 11)1 
 
 1878, aud removed to New York. He was long a Eegent and the 
 Treasurer of the University of Califm-nia, aud endowed the Mills Pro- 
 fessorship of Moral and Intellectual Philosophy for .'S!T5,000. He was 
 a trustee of the Lick estate, and of the Lick Observatory. He pre- 
 sented to the State of California the marble gi'oiip, " Columbus before 
 Queen Isabella," which adorns tiie rotunda of the State House. He 
 married, in 1854, Jane T., daughter of James Cunningham, of New 
 York City. Their daughter is tlie wife of I Ion. Whitelaw Eeid. 
 
 CAMEliOX, SIK EODEKICK ^YILLIAM, coming to New York 
 City from Canada in 1852, established a packet line to Australia, and 
 founded the firm of R. W. Cameron & Company, which maintains a 
 large importing aud exporting trade between the United States and 
 Canada on the one hand and Australia. He was knighted by Queen 
 Victoria in 1883 for his services in promoting trade relations between 
 Canada and the Australasian colonies. In 1819-50 he had been a dele- 
 gate from Canada to the United States in advocacy of a reciprocity 
 treaty. He was accredited to the Centennial Exposition at Pliiladel- 
 phia in 187G as Commissioner of New South AYales, and was similarly 
 accredited to the Exposition at Paris in 1878. He also attended the 
 Exposition at Melbourne in ]88(». and that at Sydney in 1881, as Com- 
 missioner from Canada. Upon his return in 1881 he prepared a valu- 
 able re])ort on the trade relations between the continents of North 
 America and Australia, which the Minister of Agriculture in the Ca- 
 nadian Cabinet published as an a])pendix to his report for 1881. He 
 has interested himself in promoting outdoor sports, and at his Avell- 
 known stud at Clifton, Staten Island, has dcme much to impmve the 
 American thoroughbred horse, importing some famous stallions. He 
 is a member of the Metropolitan, Knickerbocker, aud New Y^ork 
 Yacht, and five London clubs. Born at Glen-Nevis, Canada, July 25, 
 1825, he descends from Donald (lameron, of Glen-Nevis, Scotland, 
 and on the maternal side from Sir Roderick Macloud. His grand- 
 father, Alexander Cameron, born at Glenmoriston, Inverness-shire, 
 in 1729, emigrated to the Colony of New Y^ork prior to the Revolution, 
 eventually settling in Canada. His father, Duncan Cameron, was a 
 Member of Parliament, aud one of the founders of the Northwest Imh- 
 Trading Company, afterward nurged into the Hudson's Bay Company. 
 Sir Roderick married in 18G0, Anne Fleming, daughter of Nathan 
 Leavenworth. She died July 2, 1879, four daughters and two sons- 
 Duncan Ewen and Roderick Macloud— surviving her. Roderick Ma- 
 cloud Cameron is a member of liis fatlier's mercantile firm. Sir Roder- 
 ick is a director of the Alberta Railway aud Coal Company. 
 
 ROOSEVELT. ROBERT B.. member of the New Y'ork Fishery Com- 
 mission from 18G7 to 1888. when he Avas appointed United States Min- 
 ister to the Netherlands, is well known foi' his effective crusade look- 
 
192 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 iuji to tlje preisei-viitioii (if the Avild liame of the United States, and 
 for many piiblishe<l volumes and magazine essays on tliis and otlier 
 stibjects. lie is a director of the Brigantine Company and the Broad- 
 way Improvement Company, and a trustee of the Holland Trnst Com- 
 pany; was First A'iee-President and stibsequently President of the 
 Holland Society. He was active in the organization of the original 
 " Committee of Seventy," which led in the overthrow of the Tweed 
 ring, and was the first \'ice-l'resident of the Reform Club, organized 
 the Citizens" Association, and one of the editors of its organ, the 
 Citizen. Elected to Congress as a Democrat in 1870. he maintained 
 himself in independence of party dictation. He was active in the 
 organization of the paid Fire Department of this city, as also in the 
 creation of the Hciiltli Department. He was a Commissioner of the 
 Brooklyn Bridge, a founder of the Lotos Club, one of the oldest mem- 
 bers of the St. Nicholas Society, and a member of the Manhattan and 
 Democratic clubs. He refused an offer of President Cleveland to ap- 
 point him United States Sub-Treasurer at Xew York. Both as a 
 writer and as an organizer of protective societies, he became a pioneer 
 in vigorous opposition to the indiscriminate slaughter of game. He 
 has been President of the Fish Culture Association. President of the 
 National Association for the Protection of Game, and President of the 
 International Association for the Protection of Game. He secured 
 the creation of the New York Fishery Commission, of which he was so 
 long a member, and published a report covering his twenty-one years 
 of service. He has published volumes on " The Game Fish of North 
 America,'' *' The Game Birds of North America," and " Superior Fish- 
 ing," " Fish Hatching and Fish Catching"; has edited other works, 
 and been a prolific essayist and magazine writer. He has also pub- 
 lished " Five Acres Too iluch," " Love and Luck," and " Progressive 
 Petticoats." He is a member of a distinguished New York family, 
 and was born in this city, August 7, 1829, received a collegiate and 
 legal education, and was admitted to the bar at twenty-one years of 
 age. He soon abandoned legal practice for activity along the lines 
 indicated. He lineally descends from Klaas Martinszen Van Roose- 
 velt, who, with his wife, Jannetje Samiiels Thomas, arrived in New 
 Amsterdam from the province of Zeeland in August. 1019. The name 
 means " Field of Roses." 
 
 DELAFIELD, JOHN, founder of the distinguished New York fam- 
 ily of the name, was at the same time of the most distinguished and 
 ancient lineage and through personal force of character made him- 
 self one of the most eminent of the merchant princes of New York. 
 Having become one of the successful and wealthy merchants of his 
 day, he retired from active business in 1789 and became President 
 of the United Insurance Comi^any, and a director of the New York 
 branch of the Bank of tlie ITnited States. He was an eminent mem- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 193 
 
 ber of the Chamber of Coimuerce, while liis iiiausiou oi^posite Black- 
 well's Islaud, on the Loni;- Island shore of the East Kiver, was one of 
 the most notable about New York. He was born in England in 1748, 
 came to New York in IT80, and died here July .">, 1824. The oldest 
 son of John Delatield, Esq., of Aylesbury, Bucks, and Martha, daugh- 
 ter of John Dell, he was in the line of pi'imogeniture from John de la 
 Feld, living in the thirly-eightli and forty-third years of Henry III., 
 and, according to Burke, was a '• Count of the Holy Roman Empire, 
 as inherited from his great-great-grandfather, John." According to 
 the same, this ancestor, John Delaticid, liorn in IC.oT, " having entered 
 into foreign ser-rice participated in the triuniidis of Prince Eugene 
 of Savoy, and at the glorious engagement of Zenta against the Turks, 
 led on by the (irand Vizier in person, having taken a standard from 
 the infidels, was created a Count of the Holy Koman Empire in 1097, 
 with remainder of the title to his descendants, male and female, of 
 his name." The origin of the English line is given by the same au- 
 thority as follows: " The family of De la Feld descend from the an- 
 cient Counts of La Feld in Alsace, who long resided at the chateau 
 that still bi'ars tiieir name situated in a pass of the Vosges Mountains, 
 three days' jotirney from Colmar. It is probable that Hubertus De 
 la Feld was the first of his race that emigrated to England, and that 
 he came over with the Conr|neror, his name being enrolled as the 
 owner of lands in the County of Lancaster in the third of William I." 
 John, Count Delafield cd' New York, married, in 1781, Ann, daughter 
 of Hon. Joseph Hallett and Elizabeth Hazard, her father being one 
 of the Sons of Liberty, a member of the Revolutionary Committee of 
 Safety, and a member of the three first New York Provincial Con- 
 gresses. They had thir-teen children, seven sons reaching maturity. 
 These were John Delafield, who left issue; Major Joseph, who left 
 male issue; Henry and William, twins, neither of whom left male 
 issue; Dr. Edward, who left male issue; (ieueral Richard, who left 
 issue, and Rufus King Delafield, father of the present Richard Dela- 
 field, merchant and banker. 
 
 DELAFIELD, JOHN, one of the sons of the first of this name in 
 New York, was a prominent banker. Originally, in 1808, he had 
 established himself in the banking business in Loudon, and, on ac- 
 count of his American citizenship, he was for a time treated as a 
 prisoner during the War of 1812. He also experienced severe finan- 
 cial reverses during this period, leading to ^^'ashingtou Irving's story 
 of " The Wife," which was dedicated to him. In 1820, Mr. Delafield 
 returned to New York City, where he became Cashier and President 
 of the Phamix Bank. Subsequently he became President of the 
 New^ York Banking Company. He was one of the founders of the 
 Musical Fund Society, and was the first President of the New York 
 Philliarmonic Societv. He was also instrumental iu establishing the 
 
194 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 Universitv of the City of New York, as he was in reviving tlie New 
 York Historical Sooietv. Western repudiations involved him in finan- 
 cial rnin a second time. His declining years were spent near Geneva, 
 N. Y., on his model farm, '' Oaklands," and for several years he was 
 President of tlie Xew York State Agricnltural Societv. 
 
 DELAFIELD, EICHAKD, in 1880, founded the finn of Delafield 
 & Company, of New York, Chicago, and San Francisco, engaged in 
 the California trade, and has continued at its head to the present time. 
 He has been President of the New York Mercantile Exchange, is 
 
 Mce-President of the National Park 
 Bank, a trustee of the Colonial Trust 
 Comiiany, and a directtir of the 
 National Surety Company, the 
 I'rankfort-American T n s u r a n c e 
 C(>mi)any, the Tliuringia American 
 Fire Insurance Company, and the 
 ( 'orixtration of Trinity Church. He 
 was a member of the < "ommittee of 
 ( >n(' Hundred in charge of the New 
 York Columbian (}uadi-ocentennial 
 celebration, and A\as President of 
 the commission of the World's 
 Columbian Exposition of the State 
 of New York for the First Judicial 
 District. He is President of the Sea 
 Side Home of Long Island, and a 
 uieinber of the ExecutiveCommittce 
 of the Yarick Street Hospital. Tak- 
 ing an active interest in the develop- 
 ment of music in the United States, 
 he has been Secretary of the New York Symphony Society, and Presi- 
 dent of tlie Staten Island Philhannonic Society. He is a vestryman of 
 Trinity* 'hurcli. and a member of the Union League, Tuxedo, New York 
 Athletic, ^bMcliants", and Commercial clubs, and the Sons of the Reso- 
 lution. Born in New Biigliton, S. I., Se|rtember (i, 18.">3. he is the son of 
 the late lUifus King Delatield and Eliza, daughter of WilliamBard and 
 Katharine Cruger. His father, a brother of the late General Richard 
 Delafield and the late Dr. Edward Delafield, was a prominent New ■ 
 Y(U'k merchant, while liis grandfather, John Delafield, the head of his 
 family both in this country and England, was one of the most eminent 
 merchants and financiers in the history of New York City. Mr. Dela- 
 field mai'ried, in 1880, Clara (Foster) Carey, granddaughter of Philip 
 Hone, eminent in the social and business life of New York City, and 
 its Ma v(U- in 1826. 
 
 RICHARD 1)KL.\HKLD. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 11)5 
 
 DELAFIELD, MATUEIN Ln'IXGSTON, well-kuowu meichaut 
 and pvomiueut in the social life of New York City, was born here 
 in 1836, in 1856 was graduated from Columbia College, and four 
 years later received the degree of Master of Arts, and is a member 
 of the Union and Metropolitan clubs, the Sons of the Kevolution, 
 the Military Order of Foreign Wars, the Scientific Alliance, the 
 Columbia College Alumni Association, and other scientific or his- 
 torical organizations. He married, in 1868, Mary Coleman, daugh- 
 ter of Eugene Augustus Livingston and Harriet Coleman, and has 
 five sons and three daughters. lie is grandson of John Delafield, 
 Count of the Holy Roman Empire, the famous merchant and founder 
 of the Xew York family, througli his second son. Major Joseph Dela- 
 field, and the latter's wife, Julia, daughtei- of .Judge Maturin Living- 
 ston, of Staatsburgh, and Margaret, daughrci- of ( ieneral Morgan Lew- 
 is, and granddaughter of Francis Lewis, signer of the Declaration of 
 Independence. 
 
 DELAFIELD, MATURIN LIVINGSTON, JR., son of the merchant 
 of the same name, is associated with his father in business. He was 
 born in New York City, and is a member of the Union, New York, 
 Badminton, and Torrey Boat clubs, tlie Downtown Association, the 
 Society of Colonial ^Vars, tlie Military Order of Foreign Wars, the 
 Society of the War of 1812, and the Sons of the Revolution. 
 
 MORRIS, AUGUSTUS NEWBOLD, is Nice-President of the Tlaza 
 Bank, and a director of the National Horse Show Association and the 
 Coney Island Jockey Club. He is one of the gentlemen who have in- 
 terested themselves in efforts to reform the American turf. He has 
 long been the owner of one of the best-known stables of racing thor- 
 oughbreds. He inherited a large estate. Iianded doAvn through a line 
 of illustrious ancestors. His beautiful country-seat at Pelham was 
 accpiired by New York City as a i»art of its system of new parks. ]\rr. 
 ilorris was born in \N'estchester County, June 3. 1838. was graduated 
 from Columbia in 18()0, and has been an extensive traveler in Europe 
 and the Orient. He is a member of the directing boards of several 
 institutions of the city. He is a member of the Union and Metrojioli- 
 tan clubs, and the Columbia Alumni Association. He married Elea- 
 nor C, daugiiter of General James I. Jones, and has a son. Newbold 
 Morris, and a daughter. Helen S. Kingsland. He is himself the son 
 of the late William II. Morris and Hannah, daughter of Thomas New- 
 bold, of this city; is the grandson of James :Morris and his wife, a Van 
 Cortlandt. of Youkers, and is the great-grandson of General Lewis 
 ^loi-ris. signer of the Declaration of Independence. 
 
 BELL, ISAAC, was long one of the most eminent and public-spir- 
 ited citizens of New York City, where he was born, August 4, 1815, 
 
196 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 and where he died, September 30, 1897. He was successfully engaged 
 in the cotton trade at Mobile, Ala., during the twenty years subse- 
 quent to 1S3G, and was a member of the Alabama Legislature, and 
 served on the staff of one of the governors of that State, with the rank 
 of Captain. In 1S5G he returned to New York and engaged in the ship- 
 ping business. Two of his vessels, Arago and Fulton, .were used as 
 transports by the Federal Government during the Civil War. He 
 was one of the organizers of the New York and Havre Steam Packet 
 Company, and was its President. In 1S66 he was a principal founder 
 of the Old Dominion Steamship Company, and for twenty-two years 
 was its Vice-President. He was a director of the Farmers' Loan and 
 Trust Company. lie was the principal founder of the Bellevue Medi- 
 cal College, and was President of its Board of Trustees for thirty 
 yeai-s. While he Avas a prominent member of Tammany Hall, he was 
 one of the stanchest " Union " men in the city dunng the Civil War; 
 was one of the leaders in organizing the Union Defense Committee 
 of the State, and was its Vice-President, and untiring in its work. 
 The occuiTence of the Draft liiots led him to organize in 1863, in con- 
 junction with Leonard Jerome and Paul S. Forbes, the Riot Eelief 
 Fund for the city police, and he was its manager until his death. He 
 declined nominations for Mayor and Member of Congress, but served 
 in connection with city institutions. He was a member of the Board of 
 Supervisors, and subsequently became one of the governors of the 
 almshouse, holding tlie position until the governors were displaced 
 by the creation of the Department of Charities and CoiTections, when 
 he became one of the original commissioners, while from 1860 to 
 1873 he was President of the Board. He also served on the Board of 
 Education, as he did on the Board of Immigration Commissioners. 
 He was chiefly instrumental in organizing the school jointly controlled 
 by tlie Charities and School Commissioners. For years he was Chair- 
 man of the Executive Committee of the Normal College, of which he 
 was likewise one of the most active founders. He was a founder of 
 the Manhattan Club, and, at the time of his death, was one of the 
 three senior members of the Union Club. He married, in 1814, Ade- 
 laide, daughter of the celebrated Dr. Valentine Mott, and had one 
 daugliter, the late ilrs. Janu^s L. Barclay, and tliree sous — tlie late 
 Isaac Bell and the present Louis V. and Edward Bell. He was himself 
 the son of Isaac Bell of Stamford, Conn., and ^Nlary, daughter of John 
 Ellis; was the grandson of Isaac Bell, mill owner of Stamford and 
 shipping merchant of New York City, who was a loyalist during the 
 Revolution, and subsequently for years was Cliamberlain of the city 
 of St. John, N. B., and was descended from Isaac Bell, who, in 1610, 
 emigrated from Edinburgh to Connecticut. 
 
 BELL, ISAAC, eldest son of the late Isaac Bell and Adelaide, 
 daughter of Dr. Valentine Mott, was born in New York City in 1816, 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 197 
 
 aud died iu 1SS9. He was successfully engaged iu the cottou trade 
 in this city for some time subsequent to the Civil War. He became 
 United States Minister to the Netherlands by the appointment of 
 President Cleveland in 1885. He was a delegate to the National 
 Democratic Convention in St. Louis in 1888. He man-ied, in 1878, 
 Jeanette, daughter of James Gordon Bennett, Sr., and was survived 
 by Mrs. Bell, two daughters, and a son, the present Isaac Bell. 
 
 BELL, ED^^'AED, has for many years been a stockbroker of New 
 York, a member of the Stock Exchange, and is also engaged in the 
 insurance business. He has served on the Board of Park Commission- 
 ers of tliis city, as well as on the Board of Education. He is also 
 custodian of the l»iot Iielief Fund for the New York police, which fund 
 was founded by his father and two others in 1803, and of which his 
 father was custodian until his death in 1897. Mr. Bell is a trustee 
 of the Knickerbocker Apartment Company, and a member of the 
 Union, ^Metropolitan, Manhattan, Democratic, and Shinnecock Golf 
 clubs, and the DowntoAvn Association. He married Helen A., daugh- 
 ter of Henry A. Wilmerding, and has a country-seat at Southampton, 
 L. I. He was born in New Y'ork City, and is the third son and the 
 second surviving son of the late eminent Isaac Bell and Adelaide, 
 daughter of the late Dr. Yalentine Mott, the famous surgeon. 
 
 •^s' 
 
 OBB. ALEXANDER ECTOB. the distinguished grain merchant 
 and eminent public citizen, has been in business in this city and a res- 
 ident of Brooklyn since 1851. At the present time he is President of 
 the Bapid Transit Commission, and an officer of a large unml)er of 
 ccu'porations. He is President of the South Brooklyn Savings Insti- 
 tution, Yice-President of the Mechanics' National Bank, a trustee of 
 the United States Trust Company and the Brooklyn Institute of Arts 
 and Sciences, and a director of the Bond and Mortgage Guarantee 
 Company, the Fidelity and Casualty Company, the Guaranty Trust 
 Company, the Title Guarantee and Trust Company, the Franklin 
 Trust Company of Brooklyn, the National Bank of Commerce, the 
 New York Produce Exchange, the New York Produce Exchange Safe 
 Deposit and Storage Company, the Continental Insurance Company, 
 the Union Ferry Company, the Union Ferry Company of New York 
 and Brooklyn, Bartlett & Company, the Union Pacific Eailway Com- 
 pany, the Erie Bailroad Company, the Chicago, Bock Island and Pa- 
 cific Bailroad Company, the Oregon Short Line Railway Company, 
 and the Junction City and Fort Kearney Railroad. He has been ac- 
 tively connected with the New York Produce Exchange since 1859, 
 and was prominent in its reorganization in 1871-2. and in procuring 
 the erection of its present building. Almost annually between 1871 
 and 1882 he appeared before committees of the Legislature to urge re- 
 duction of the tolls on the State canals, aud in the latter year was a 
 
198 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK 
 
 member of the Committee of Fifty which demanded free canal-. 
 He was one of the commission of four appointed by Governor Tilden 
 in 1S75 to investigate the management of the canals, their labors re- 
 snlting in the exposure of the notorious canal frauds. He has also 
 served many years as Chairman of the Arbitration Committee of the 
 Produce Exchange. He has been an officer of this Exchange and of 
 the Chamber of Commerce. Although a Republican at the time, in 
 view of his warm jjersonal friendship for Samuel J. Tilden, he was 
 elected to fill a vacancy in the Electoral College in which the vote of 
 this State was cast for Tilden for President in 1876. For many year-s 
 he has maintained an independent jtosition in politics, and has been 
 active in movements to secure reform in local government in both 
 Xew York and Brooklyn. He was a member of the Committee of Sev- 
 entv which nominated Mavor Strong in 1894. and a leader in the 
 '• Citizen "" movement which brought about the nomination of Seth 
 Low for Mayor in 1897. He refused the nomination as Comptroller of 
 Brooldyn offered him by both Republicans and Democrats in 1882, 
 and refused the appointment as Comptroller of New York ofifered him 
 by Mayor Edson in 1883. He is a patron and trustee of a consider- 
 able number of benevolent or other public institutions of Brooklyn 
 and yew York. He is of Scotch-Irish descent, born at Strabaue. 
 County Tyrone. Ireland, the son of William Orr. Esq.. of that place, 
 and a daughter of David Moore, Esq.. of Sheephill, ('ountA- London- 
 derry. He was educated for a judicial or military commission with 
 the East India Company, but for several years disabled by an acci- 
 dent. HaA'ing ^^sited the United States in 1850. the next year he re- 
 turned with letters of introduction to Xew York business men. and 
 was employed successively by Ralph Post. Wallace & Wickes. and 
 Da^id Dows & Company. He has been a member of the latter fiitn 
 since 1861. He has been twice married, and has three daughters. 
 
 HOGUET, ROBERT JOSEPH, was born in this city in August. 
 1839. and from an early age has been connected with the well known 
 firm of Wilmerding. Hoguet & Company, one of the founders of which 
 was his father, the late Henry Louis Hoguet. He succeeded to his 
 father's interest in the business of this house. He is also a trustee 
 and Secretary- of the Emigrant Industrial Savings Bank, of which 
 his father was for many years President, and is A'ice-President of the 
 Mechanics" and Traders' Bank. He is a member of the Merchants" 
 and Catholic clubs. He married Marie Xoel. of French descent. 
 
 BURDEN, JAMES ABERCROMBIE. President of the extensive 
 Burden Iron ^^'orks, of Troy, X. Y., and formerly President of the 
 Hudson River Ore and Iron Comjmny, and (»f the Engineers" Club of 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 190 
 
 this city, was a Kepiiblican Presidential Elector in 188S, jis he was 
 on the Republieau ticket of 1880. He occnpies his residence in this 
 city durins>- the winter social season. He was born in Troy, \. V., 
 Jannary 6, 1833, the sou of the late Henry Burden, noted inventor 
 and founder of the Burden Iron Works. Haviuf;- been educated at 
 the Kcnsselaer Polyteclmic Tustittitc, ami liavinii' learned the trade 
 of niacliiiast and niill- 
 wri^ht, he entered his 
 fat iier's establishment 
 and worked his way to 
 its head. He is also an 
 inviiitor, haviniLi' letters 
 Itatent for various con- 
 trivances in makinji 
 liorseshoes, m a k i n i; 
 Idooms, fettling pud- 
 dling furnaces, heating 
 furnaci's, for an inter- 
 in i 1 1 e n t mechanical 
 motion, and for sep- 
 arating magnetic ore 
 from its gangne. He is 
 a member <d' the Pa- 
 tiiarchs, the Union, 
 Metropolitan, T' n i o n 
 League, and Riding 
 clubs, the Civil Engi- 
 neers' Society, the [So- 
 ciety of Mechanical En- 
 giners, the Society ol 
 Mining Engineers, and 
 several foreign associa- 
 tions. He married a 
 
 daughter of Kitliard lr\ in, a New \n\k menhani, ami 
 •Tames A., Jr., Richard Irvin. William 1'.. ami .\ithin- 
 
 .lAMKS AllKltrlloMllIK UritllKX. 
 
 liMs Idiif suns — 
 Scott. 
 
 CESXOLA, IJKll PAL:\I.\ ni, i> well kiinwn as tli<- dis.i.verer nf 
 the Cyprus antiquities and as the author of " Cyprus, its Cities. Tombs, 
 ami Temi)les" iimblished in London and New \dik i, while for many 
 years he has been director of the Met ro])olilaii .Museum of Art of New 
 York. He is a descendant of one ol ilie oldest families of the Pied- 
 mont nobility, and was born in the town of Rivarolo Canavese. Italy. 
 At the age of seventeen he took ])arl in i lie waragainst Austria forthe 
 in<lei)endence of Italy, distinguislu'd himself at the battle of No\aia in 
 184!t, and was promoted to a lieutemimy on that battlelield f<u- merit. 
 Aftei- till' war In- was sent to the [Military .\.ademy of Cherasco for 
 
200 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 two years. At the end of the rear ISGO, lie eini,i;rated to New York. 
 In October, ISGl, he joined the Union Army as Major of the Eleventh 
 Eegiment, New York Cavalry, was soon promoted to Colonel, and 
 served in this capacity through the Civil War. At the battle of Aldie, 
 Va., he Avas severely wounded, was taken prisoner, and incarcerated 
 in Libby Prison for nine months. Such was the courage displayed by 
 him in the above-mentioned battle that General Judsou Kilpatrick 
 presented him witli his own sword. President Lincoln made him 
 Brigadier-General, and at the end of the war appointed him Consul of 
 the United States to Cyprus. During the eleven years of his residence 
 at Cyprus he explored the island and discovered — together with 
 thousands of other objects of great archaeological value and impor- 
 tance — the statues, the inscriptions, the architectural fragments and 
 sarcophagi of Oiolgoi, and the treasure of Curium, consisting for the 
 most part of gold and silver jewels of niagnificeut unique workman- 
 ship, all of whicli are now in possession of the Metropolitan ^luseum 
 of Art. These discoveries have been recognized as forming the Cdu- 
 necting link between the art of ancient Egypt and Assyria and the art 
 of Greece; Sir Henry Layard, the illustrious discoverer of Nineveh, 
 declared that " they add a new and most important chapter to the his- 
 tory of art and archa'ology." Sir Charles Newton stated that ''they 
 have revolutionized all the existing theories upon ancient art." In 
 England, France, Italy, and Germany it was considered " a European 
 misfortune " that these treasures should be sold to the New York 
 Metropolitan Museuui of Art, and made less acessible to the savants 
 of the old world. (Jeneral di Cesnola is a member of many learned 
 societies of Europe and America, including the Academy of Sciences 
 of Turin, the IJoyal Society of London, the American Academy of 
 Arts and Sciences of Boston, and the American Institute of Archi- 
 tects. Columbia and Princeton universities have conferred upon him 
 the degree of LL.D. The King of Italy knighted liim, also honoring 
 him with a specially coined gold medal appropriately inscribed. In 
 December, 1897, the Congress of the United States presented him with 
 the Congressional Medal. 
 
 CROSBY, JOHN SCHUYLER, an oflicer of the United States army 
 from the outbreak of the Civil War until his resignation in 1871, since 
 tliat time has held eminent positions in civil life. He has been Gov- 
 ernor of Montana, under President Arthur was Assistant Postmaster- 
 General of the United States, subsequently was United States Consul 
 at Florence, Italy, and still later was School Commissioner of New 
 York City. He received the oi'der of the Crown of Italy with the rank 
 of Chevalier from King Victor Emanuel, and in 1877 received from 
 Secretary John Sherman a gold medal of the first class for life-saving 
 in recognition of his lira very tlie year ])i'evious in saving Edith ^lay 
 from the founderinii vacht ^lohawk, owned bv William A. Garner, and 
 
 I 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 201 
 
 his retni'u to the cabin to save Mrs. Garuer and Miss Huuter, reuiaiu- 
 ing on board until the vessel was under water. lie is a member of 
 the Union, Metropolitan, Tuxedo, Knickerbocker, and St. Nicholas 
 clubs of New York City, and the Metropolitan and Country clubs of 
 Washington. He has been presented at the courts of St. James, 
 Borne, and Constantinople. Born at Quedar Knoll, near Albany, N. Y., 
 September 10, 18o!», he was educated at the University of the City of 
 New York. In 1859 he crossed South America from Valparaiso to 
 Montevideo. He entered the Union Army as Second Lieutenant of 
 the First New York Artillery, served on the staffs of Banks, Canby, 
 and Sheridan; Avas once wounded, four tiiiies was brevetted for gal- 
 lanti*y, and was specially mentioned by President Lincoln for carry- 
 ing dispatches to Farragut througli tlie enemy's country. He is the 
 son of the late Hon. Clarkson Floyd Crosby, a member both of the 
 New York Assembly and Sonat(\, nud his wife, Angelica, daughter of 
 Colonel John Scliuyler and 3[aria IMiller; is the grandson of William 
 Bedlow Crosby, the wealtliy pliilanthropist of this city, and liis wife, 
 Harriet Clarkson, granddaughter of Floyd Clarkson, signer of the 
 Declaration of Independence, and is great-grandson of Dr. Ebenezer 
 Crosby, surgeon of Wasliington's Life (iuards. He married in lS(i3 
 Harriet, daughter of General Stei)hen Van Rensselaer, last patroon of 
 Rensselaerwyck, and great-granddaughter of General Philip Schuyler 
 and Alexander Hamilton. They have a daugliter and a son, Stephen 
 Van Keusselaer Crosby. 
 
 CROSBY, ERNEST HOWARD, a lawyer of New York City, was a 
 member of the New York Assi-mbly fnunilSSG to 1881), and, while a Re- 
 publican, distinguished himself by his independent course in support 
 of sound legislation and in opposition to that of another character. 
 By appointment of President Harrison he was Judge of the Inter- 
 national Court in Alexandria, Egypt, from 1889 to 1891, resigning 
 during the latter year. He has been active in reform movements and 
 in connection with philanthropic work in this city. He is a member 
 of the Bar Association of the city, and the Sous of the Revolution. He 
 married Fanny Kendall, daughter of the late Henry Maunsall Schief- 
 felin, of New York City. He is the sou of the late and eminent Rev. 
 Howard Crosby, D.D., LL.D., grandson of William Bedlow Crosby, 
 who being the sou of the favorite niece of Colonel Henry Rutgers, be- 
 came the hitter's iieir, and was one of the largest owners of real estate 
 in the United States; is great-grandson of Dr. Ebenezer Crosby, who 
 was graduated from Harvard in 1777; was surgeon in Washington's 
 Life Guards, became a profi^ssor in Colnnihia College, and married 
 Catherine, daughter of William Bedlow and niece of Colonel Henry 
 Rutgers, and is great-great-grandson of Judge Joseph Crosby, of 
 Braiutree, Mass. 
 
202 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW" YORK. 
 
 MeCALL, JOHN AUGU^STINE, President of the Is'ew York Life 
 Insnrauce Company since 1892, has made a remarlcable record in con- 
 nection with insnrance institutions in this State. Born in Albany, 
 :N'. Y.. in 1849. the son of the kite John Au.nustine McCall, of that city, 
 he attended the Albany schools, and having- been graduated in 18GS 
 from the Albany Commercial College, soon after became bookkeeijer 
 in the Albany office of the Connecticut Mutual Life Insurance Com- 
 pany. Later he engaged in real estate and insurance business, but 
 presently became a clerk in the State Insurance Department. From 
 1870 to 1872 he Avas in the actuarial division. In 1872 he had charge 
 for a while of the statistical work connected with the reports, and the 
 
 same year was appointed ex- 
 aminer of comitanies. From 
 187(5 to 1883 he was Deputy 
 Sii]>criiitendent of the Depart- 
 ment. In this capacity, in spite 
 of strong opposition, he set 
 himself to expose the fraudu- 
 Iput luactices of many con- 
 lerus, and as a result forced 
 out of business some eighteen 
 life insurance companies in 
 this State, a large number of 
 fire insurance companies, and 
 lifteen (•()mi)anies of other 
 States. Several insurance offi- 
 cials were tried and convicted 
 as a consequence. In 188:'', 
 Governor Cleveland appointed 
 liini Superintendent of the r>e- 
 ]>artu)(Mit. enabling him to 
 cari-y out other reforms and to 
 place the insurance business of 
 the State on a sounder basis 
 than it had hitherto known. 
 Declining the ofler of Governor Hill to reappoint him, he became 
 Com|)troller of the Equitable Life Assurance Society of this city. 
 His election to his juvsent position followed the exposiire of the 
 management of the New York Life Insurance Company, made 
 through the medium of the Xew York Tiiins by its cashier. Theodore 
 ^I. lianta. Mr. McCall is also a trustee of the American Surety Com- 
 pany and I he Xew York Security and Trust Company, and a director 
 of the Central National Bank, the National City Bank, the National 
 Surety Company, and the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company. 
 He is a member of the Metropolitan. City. Colonial. Manhattan. Mer- 
 chants', and Lawvf'vs" clubs. I le in.iiried .M;n\ I. llarau. 
 
 JOHN AUGUSTINE lUCALL. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 2'')3 
 
 HYDE, HEIS'EY BALDWIN, has beeu couuected with iusuiaucc 
 interests throughout nearly his entire business career, and is Presi- 
 dent of the notabhi' Equitable Life Assurance Society of this city. 
 Born February ."i. 1S44. lie is the sou of Henry llazeu Hyde, of Cats- 
 kill, N. Y.. and Lucy Bakhviu. daughter of Kev. James Beach and 
 Hannah C. Baldwin, of Winsted. Conn., and descends from William 
 Hyde, one of tlie founders of Hartford. Conn., who accompanied Kev. 
 Thomas Hooker from England. He is a member of the Union, ITuion 
 League. Biding. Lawyers', Westminster Kennel, and Southside 
 Sportsmen's elubs. Mr mariied Anna Fitch, and has a son — James 
 Hazen Hyde. 
 
 McCUBDY. IHriLVKl) ALDIHCH. President of the Mutual Life 
 Insurance Company, has been connected Avith this cori)oration in vari- 
 ous relations throughout nearly his entire business career. He is also 
 a director of the National ITnion Bank, the Bank of New Amsterdam, 
 the United States ;Mi)rtgag<' and Trust Company, the Lawyers' Surety 
 C'ompany, the Guaranty Trust Company, the Continental Insurance 
 Company, and the Intcin.itional Bell Tel<'i)li()ne Company. He is a 
 member of the ^letropolilan. Union League. 3Ianhattan, Morristowu, 
 and Lawyers' clubs, and the New England Society. He married, in 
 1850. Sarah Ellen, daughter of Charles Cottin Little, of Boston, and 
 has a daughter. 31 rs. Louis A. Thebaud. and a son, Kobert Henry 
 McCurdy. Born January 2;t, 1835, ^h: McCurdy is himself the son 
 of the late Bohert Henry ^IcCurdy. eminent drygoods commission 
 merchant of this city, and Certrude Mercer, daughter of Dr. James 
 Lee, of Newark, N. J., and niece of Chancellor Theodore Frelinghuy- 
 seu. United States Senator fi-om New Jersey, and candidate in 1811 for 
 Vice-President of the United States. 
 
 HEALD. DANIEL A1>1)1S0N. has been President of the Home In- 
 surance Company of New York since 1888, having been its General 
 Agent from 185G to 1808, its Second Mce-President from 1808 to 1883, 
 and its Frst Vice-President from 1883 to 1888. He is a trustee of 
 the Holland Trust Company, and a director of the National Baidc of 
 North America and the National Surety Comiiauy of New York. 
 There are good reasons for styling him the leading fire underwriter 
 of the United States. He was one of the prime movers in the or- 
 ganization of the National Board of Fire Underwriters in July. 1800. 
 and long served as Chairman of its Executive Committee, as well as 
 President of the organization. He has delivered many addresses on 
 his chosen life's work, that on " Fire Underwriting as a Profession," 
 read at Chicago in September, 1880, before the Fire Underwriters' 
 Association of the Northwest, being especially notable. For nearly 
 forty years he has been a prominent member of the New York Board 
 
204 
 
 HISTbRY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 of Fire Uuderwriters. iu ruiiUL-etiuu with whicli lie lias held mauy of- 
 ficial positions. He was born at Chester, Vt., May 4, 1818, the son of 
 Amos Heald and a dausihter of Captain Edwards, a Revohitionary 
 soldier nnder AA'ashiniiton. His paternal ijrandfather was also a Eevo- 
 Intionary soldier, and participated in the battles of Lexington and 
 Bunker Hill. Tlic lirst American ancestor on the paternal side em- 
 i.urntcd from IJerwick. England, to Concord, Mass., in 1635. Mr. 
 
 Heald worked on his father's farm 
 nntil sixteen rears of age, sinut 
 two years at a preparatory school 
 at Meriden, N. H., entered Yale 
 College in 1837, and was grad- 
 uated in 1811. He read law while 
 at Vale nnder Judge Daggett, of 
 New HaA'eii, and for two years in 
 the oflice of Judge Washburn, of 
 Ludlow, Vt., and in May, 1843, was 
 admitted to the Vermont bar. In 
 connection with his law business 
 he also conducted a fire insurance 
 business as agent of the ^tna and 
 other companies of Hartford, 
 Conn. His success led to his ap- 
 pointment to the general agency of 
 the Home Insurance Company, 
 then a young company, iu 185(i. 
 At that time this company had 
 assets of less than -IfOOO.OOO. I'hey are now over $11,000,000, notwith- 
 standing such coufiagrations as those of Portland, Me., St. John, X. B., 
 Chicago, and Boston. 
 
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 \ 
 
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 I>ANItL ADIIISIJN HK.ALI>. 
 
 ROCKEFELLEK, JOHN D., eldest son of William A. Rockefeller 
 and Eliza Davidson, of Tioga Co., N. Y., where he was born in 1839, 
 has been a resident of New York City for mauy years. He has won a 
 national reputation through his financiering skill in connection with 
 the industry of petroletim refining, and has amassed the largest 
 private fortune owned by an individual in the United States. His 
 gifts to the Chicago University aggregate four or five million dol- 
 lars. He has also been a liberal patron of other educational in- 
 stitutions, as well as of churches and organizations under the 
 auspices of the Baptist denomination. He was educated at Owego, 
 N. Y., and in the public schools of Cleveland, Ohio, whither his 
 father removed in 1851. He held the positions of Clerk and 
 Bookkeeper and Cashier in a Cleveland business house between 
 the ages of sixteen and nineteen, and then entered the firm of 
 Clark & Rockefeller. Reorganized as Andrews, Clark & Company 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF XEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 205 
 
 io 1800, they engaged iu oil reliniug. Five .years later Clark's interest 
 was acquired by the other two partners, Samnel Andrews and John 
 D. Eockefeller, who combined with Mr. Kockefeller's brother under 
 the style of William Rockefeller & Company. This company con- 
 structed the famous Standard Oil Works in Cleveland. William 
 Rockefeller came to Xew Yoik to manage the Eastern interests. In 
 1867 occui'red another reorganization. Henry M. Flagler was a<l- 
 mitted to partnershiji, while lioth in Cleveland and New York the busi- 
 ness was transacted under the style of Rockefeller, Andrews cS; Flag- 
 ler. In 1870 the Standard Oil Company of Ohio was incoi-porated, 
 John D. Rockefeller becoming its President and William Rockefeller 
 its Vice-President. In 1881 the Standard Oil Trust was organized 
 with John D. Rockefeller as its President and William Rockefeller as 
 Vice-President, while at tlie same time the Standard Oil Company 
 of ^'ew York was incorpoi*ated, William Rockefeller becoming its 
 President and John D. Rockefeller its Vice-President. In 1892 the 
 form of a trust was abandoned, ilr. Rockefeller is a director of the 
 Missouri, Kansas and Texas Railroad Company, and a member of the 
 Baptist Club, the New England Society, and the Sons of the American 
 Revohttion. 
 
 ROCKEFELLER, WILLIAM, boin iu Tioga County, N. Y.. in 1841, 
 is the second son of William A. Rockefeller and Eliza Davidson, and 
 was educated in an academy at Owego, N. Y., and in the public 
 schools of Cleveland, Ohio. He was bookkeeper with a Cleveland firm 
 from 1858 to 1860, and in the latter year became bookkeeper with the 
 produce commission firm of Hughes cS: Lester. Upon the retirement 
 of one of the partners in 1862 he became a member of the firm under 
 the style of Hughes & Rockefeller, and so remained until 1865. Hav- 
 ing acquired considerable capital he then withdrew to become 
 senior member of the oil retining business which had been established 
 in a small way by his brother, John D. Rockefeller. The firm style 
 became William Rockefeller & Company, and the Standard Oil Works 
 were erected in Cleveland. The same year, 1865, William Rockefeller 
 removed to New York City and established the allied firm of Rocke- 
 feller & Company, of which he was head. Upon the organization of 
 the Standard Oil Company of Ohio in 1870 he became its Vice-Presi- 
 dent, his brother being its President. He was also Vice-President of 
 the Standard Oil Trust during its existence from 1881 to 1802. In 
 1881 was also incorporated the Standard Oil Company of New York, 
 whicli is now the principal corporation. William Rockefeller has 
 been its President since the beginning. He is also a member of the 
 Board of Jklanagers of the Delaware. Lackawanna and Western Rail- 
 road Company, a trustee of the :\Iutual Life Insurance Company and 
 the Consolidated Gas Company, and a director of the Second National 
 Bank, the National City Bank, the Hanover National Bank, the 
 
206 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Leather Mauiifacturers' >satiunal Bank, the Brooklyn Union Gas 
 Company, the National Transit Company, the New York Transit Com- 
 pany, the New York, New Haven and Hartford Eailroad Company, 
 the Missouri, Kansas and Texas Kailroad Company, and the Chicago, 
 Milwaukee and St. Paul Railroad Company. He is a member of the 
 Metropolitan, Union League, Riding, and New Y'ork Yacht clubs, and 
 the New England Society. He married in ISGi Almira Geraldine 
 Goodsell, of Fairfield, Conn., and has two sons — ^W'illiam G. and Percy 
 Avery Rockefeller, and two daughters — the wife of Dr. David Hunter 
 McAlpin, Jr., and Ethel Geraldine Rockefeller. 
 
 SMITH, CHARLES STE\\'ART, for seven years President of the 
 Chamber of Commerce, is eminent alike as a drygoods commission 
 merchant, a financier, and an agitator for better local government. 
 He was one of the most active members of the Committee of Seventy 
 which nominated and secured the election of Mayor Strong, following 
 the exposure of corruption by the Lexow Investigating Committee. 
 Long a trustee of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, he has been one of 
 its liberal supporters. At the present time he is Treasurer of Wood- 
 lawn Oemeteiw, Treasurer of the City and Suburban Homes Company, 
 a trustee of the United States Trust Company and the Greenwich 
 Savings Bank, and a director of the Fourth National Bank, the Mer- 
 chants' National Bank, the Fifth Avenue Bank, the Equitable Life As- 
 surance Society, the German-American Insurance Company, the Pitts- 
 burg, Bessemer and Lake Erie Railroad Com])any, the United States 
 Rubber Company, the Associates' Land Company, and the Mossberg 
 and Granville Manufacturing Company. He was born in Exeter, N. H., 
 March 2, 1S32, his father being pastor of a Congregational Church in 
 that place. His ancestors were among the early settlers of Connecti- 
 cut. Coming to New York at the age of fifteen, he was employed in a 
 drygoods jobbing house. Subsequently he was connected with S. B. 
 Chittenden & Company, being their European buyer for several years. 
 In 18G5 he became a member of the firm of Cieorge C. Ricliardson & 
 Company, of Boston and New York, successors of the famous firm of 
 A. and A. Lawrence & Company. On January 1, 1884, the firm style 
 became George C. Richardson, Smith & Company, and July 1. 1885, 
 became Smith, Hogg & Gardner, [Mr. Smith being head of the firm. 
 In 1887 he retired. He has been twice mari-ied and has two sons. 
 
 :M0RRIS, lewis, Cluef Justice of Colonial New York and New 
 Jersey, and founder in this country of a distinguished family (see cut 
 in this work, Volume II, p. 503), was born in New York City in H171, 
 and died in Kingsburw. N. J., May 21, ITlfi. His father, Richard 
 ]Moms, had been an officer in Cromwell's army. His parents having 
 died during his infancy, he was brought up by his uncle, a large landed 
 in-oprietor of :MoiTisania. Lewis ;Morris was bred to the law and was a 
 
EN'CYCLOPEDI A OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. "207 
 
 leading; lawycv of bis day in New York and New Jersey. In Kiitl' be 
 was appointed to tbe beneb of tlie Sui)erior Conrt of Xew Jersey. He 
 also entered tbe coxmoil of Governor ( "ornbnry, but contended against 
 tbe latter's corrupt procedures and wa> expelled. He tben induced tbe 
 Xew Jersey Assembly to draw u]i an indicnnent of Cornbury, and, per- 
 sonally presenting tbis document to (,)ueen Anne, secured Cornbury's 
 recall. Jtist after baring been appointed second jtistice of the New 
 Jersey Sujjreme Court, and before taking bis seat. Morris resigned tbis 
 appointment to accept that of Chief Justice of New York and New 
 Jersey. Coveruor Cosby subsequently removed him from tbis office 
 for his temerity in deciding against tbe Governor in tbe famous case of 
 Cosb,^' vs. "\"an Dam. ilorris was cbieHy instrumental in securing tbe 
 separation of New Y'ork and New Jersey. He was Governor of New 
 Jersey from IToS until bis death in ITiG, having been Acting Governor 
 of that colony in 1731, and a member of its council from 1710 to 1738. 
 One of his sons, Lewis Jlorris, was also a New Y'ork lawyer, and be- 
 came Chief Justice of the Vice- Admiralty Court. Tbe latter was tbe 
 father, by different wives, of Lewis ^Morris, signer of the Declaration of 
 Independence, and the famous Gouverneur Morris. 
 
 :\f()RRI8, GOU^'ERNEUR. was born in Morrisania, January 31, 
 1752. and died there November 6, ISlfi. He was graduated from King's 
 College, now Columbia, in 1768, and in 1771 was admitted to the New 
 York bar. He practiced for some time, but presently found himself 
 engrossed as a legislator, statesman, and diplomat. He served many 
 terms in the New York Assembly, and was a member of tbe legislati\e 
 committee which drafted tbe State Constitution of 177(j. He was 
 active in the patriot cause throughout tbe lievolutionary period, and 
 was a prominent and acti\e member of various Continental con- 
 gresses. A delegate to tbe convention which framed tbe Cons-titution 
 of the United States, tbe final revision (.f that instrument was assigned 
 to him. He was tbe confidental agent of tbe Thirteen Colonies in ar- 
 ranging the terms of peace at the close of tbe Revolution. He was 
 United States Minister to France at tbe time of tbe French Revolu- 
 tion. He was elected to tbe United States Senate from the State of 
 New Y'ork, and in that body defended the judbiary system under the 
 United States Constitution when its abolition was proposed. 
 
 KENT. JAMES, did more perhaps than any other one man to estab- 
 lish American equity jurisprudence on a scientific foundation. He 
 was born in Philippi. Putnam County, N. Y., July 31, 1763, and 
 <lied in New York City, December 12, 1847. His father. [Nfoses Kent, 
 was gTaduated from Yale, practiced law in Dutchess County, New 
 York, and was Surrogate of Rensselaer County. His grandfather, 
 Elisba Kent, a Yale gradnate. was the son of a Connecticut farmer. 
 The Chancellor's mother was a daughter of Rev. Moss, a Presbyterian 
 
208 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 cJeriivinau. James Keut was graduated from Yale iu ITSl, aud 
 studied law with Egbert Benson. He soon after formed a legal part- 
 nership with Gilbert Livingston, of Poiighkeepsie. He was a Federal- 
 ist, and in 1790 A\as elected to the Xew York Assembly, in 1792 being 
 re-elected. In 1793 he removed to New York City, and by Governor 
 John Jay was appointed Master in Chancery. The same year he was 
 appointed professor of law in Columbia College. He was elected to 
 tlie Assembly from New Y^ork City in 179C. The next year he was ap- 
 pointed Kecorder of New York City, but within a few months resigned 
 to accept his appointment as Judge of the Supreme Court. He served 
 on this bench until 1811, while from 1801 he was Chief Justice. His 
 decisions have been reported by Caiues and Johnson, aud form " the 
 A'ery fountain-head of common-law learning in America, and are daily 
 referred to and cited iu our courts."" Appointed Chancellor of this 
 State to succeed i /a using in 1814, he held the office until 1823, when he 
 reached the constitutional age limit. He was the first Chancellor 
 whose decisions were reported, while the range of questions which 
 caiiic before him, together with the research and judicial soundness 
 displayed iu his opinions, united in making these reports the basis of 
 Ameiican equity jurisprudence. In 1822 he was a member of the con- 
 vention which revised the State Constitution. From 1823 until his 
 deatli he practiced law as chamber counsel in New Y'ork City, while at 
 the same time delivering lectures on law at Columbia College. Out of 
 these lectures grew his famoiis " Commentaries,"' whicli were first pub- 
 lished in 1826-30, aud have been accorded a place beside those of Sir 
 ^Vil]iam Blackstone. 
 
 KENT, WILLIAM!, sou of Chancellor James Kent, was a prominent 
 lawyer in New York <"ity, and one of the organizers of the law faculty 
 of the University of the City of New York. He was one of the original 
 lecturers in the law department of this institution. By appointment 
 of Governor Seward, he was Cii'cuit Judge of the First Circuit from 
 1841 to 1846, and during the following year was profes^sor of law at 
 Harvard College. He was born in 1802 and died at Fishkill, N. Y.. 
 January 4, 1861. His mother was Elizabeth Bailey, sister of 
 United States Senator Theodorus Bailey. 
 
 KENT, WILLIAM, who has been successfully engaged in the prac- 
 tice of law in this city since 1878, is the son of the late James Kent 
 and Sarah Ii-viug. daughter of Edwin Clark. He is a grandson of 
 Judge William Kent, great-grandson of Chancellor James Kent, and 
 ninth in lineal descent from Samuel Kent, who was settled at 
 Gloucester, Mass., prior to 1640. His mother was a grandniece of 
 Washington Irving, and the granddaughter of his elder brother. 
 Judge John Treat Irving. Through her Mr. Kent is also ninth in 
 lineal descent from Egbert Van Borsum and Annetje Hendricks, 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 209 
 
 whose iiiarriagx', iu New Auisterdam iu 1G39, was the first performed 
 iu ja cliurok iu this city of which there is a record. Mr. Kent was 
 graduated from Columbia College in 1878, studied law, and was ad- 
 mitted to the bar, and has been engaged iu active practice iu the city 
 since. He was born at Fishkill Lauding, N. Y., March 19, 1858, and 
 maintains his residence at Tuxedo Park. He is a member of the 
 Union, Tuxedo, Fencers', Isew York Yacht, and Delta Phi clubs, the 
 Columbia College Alumui Association, and the Bar Associatiou of 
 the cit}'. 
 
 P.UEK, AAl\OX, in his variegated career, affords a striking ex- 
 ample of brilliant intellect without conscience in American ])ublic life. 
 He was the sou of Uev. Aaron Burr and the graiulsou of Jonathan 
 EdAvai'ds. His father was the founder of I'rinceton College and its 
 President. Burr seems to have had deep religious couvictions himself 
 when a young man, but threw thcni off, became an infidel, and dclili- 
 erately decided to go through the world substituting gentlemanly 
 courtesy for principle. Uis maxim in legal ]U'actice was, " Law is 
 whatever is boldly asserted and i)lausibly maintained." IJe was born 
 iu Newark, X. J., Februai-y (J, 1756, and died at Port Richmond, 
 S. I., September 14, lS3(i. He was graduated from Princeton 
 College at the age of sixteen, lie was studying law at Litchfield, 
 Conn., with his brother-in-law. Tapping lleeve, when the battle of 
 Lexington occurred. He joined the American forces at Boston, and 
 accompanied the exiiedition of Benedict Arnold against Quebec. He 
 carried a message from Arnold at Quebec to Moutgoniei-A', a pei-ilous 
 task, and as aid to Montgomerj- particiiiated in the assault on Quebec. 
 But he quarreled with Arnold, and retiirning to New York, became a 
 member of Washington's staff. Within six weeks he rpiarreled with 
 Washington, withdrawing to join Putnam's staff. In 1777 Washing- 
 ton assigiied him to the command of a regiment as Lieuteuant-Colouel. 
 He acted with the Conway cabal to undermine Washington, who 
 nevertheless sought to favor and placate him. Burr wintered at A^al- 
 ley Forge in 1777-78, subsequently comma uding a biigade at the battle 
 of Monmouth. AVashingtou assigiied him to maintain order in West- 
 chester County, with \\'hite Plains as his headquarters. In March, 
 1770, Burr resigned from the army, while soon after he resumed the 
 study of law with Judge Paterson, of New Jersey, and Thomas Smith, 
 the semi-Tory, of Haverstraw, N. Y. Burr was admitted as an 
 attorney at Albany in January, 1782, and as a counselor in the follow- 
 ing April. He had not studied for the required period, but himself 
 nioved the suspension of the rules on the ground of special privilege, 
 in view of his military seiwice. He began practice at Albany, soon 
 after marrying Mrs. Theodosia Prevost, widow of a British ofrtcer. 
 She was ten years Burr's senior, and the mother of two sons. By her 
 Burr had his'ouly child, Theodosia, who subsequently married Joseph 
 
(/. 
 
 ^n^AM-^ i' 
 
 j^y^U^ M-^/i.rrUc 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 211 
 
 111 IS'JG he succeeded agaiut^t James C. ('arter in iiiaiutaiiiinii ilic uii- 
 coiistitutioiiality of the iiiconie tax law, iii the tir.st heai-iug before t lie 
 ruited States Supreme Court securiui; exemi)tiou from taxation for 
 corporate and vested interests, and in the second hearing obtaining 
 the condemnation of the remaining features of the law. He has Ions 
 been an active and intluential leader of the Republican party, fre- 
 quently being at the head of the element in protest against the scan- 
 dals of machine domination. At different times, and notably in 1897, 
 he was prominently named as IJepubliran candidate for the United 
 States Senate, lie was President of Ww ("(institutional ( "onvention of 
 1894. In tlie fall of 1897 he took a prominent pai-t in advocacy of the 
 election of Seth Low, the citizens' candidate for Mayor of New York 
 under the new cliarter. In -lanuaiy, 1S!)!I. he was appointed by Presi- 
 dent jMcKinley and conlirined by tiie Senate as United States Min- 
 ister to England. He lias l)een I'resident of the Uiuon League 
 Club and of the New England Society, and is also a member of the 
 Metropolitan, Century, University, City, Ifiding, Harvard, New York 
 Athletic, and other clubs and societies. He is a director of the New 
 York Life Insurance and Trust Company, the Gennan- American In- 
 surance Com])any. and tlie Eagle l''ire Com])any. He is of the same 
 family as the famous Rufiis Choate, a des(<'ndant of John Choate, who 
 settled at Ipswich, Mass., some time ] trior to Ififi-l, and was born in 
 Salem, ]Mass.. January 2h 18.32. He was graduated from Harvard in 
 1852, from the Dane Law School in 1854, and was admitted to the 
 Massachusetts bar in 1855, and to the New York bar in 185fi, upon 
 his removal to this city. 
 
 GERARD, JAMES WATSON, the first of three lawyers of three 
 generations who have borne this name, two of whom are still engaged 
 in legal practice in this city, was one of the leaders of the New York 
 Bar in his day. He w^as born in this city in 1794, was graduated from 
 Columbia College in ISll, joined tlie "' Iron Greys " for defense of the 
 city against the British in 1812, and was admitted to the bar in 181G. 
 He retired from active practice in 18(59, although his death did not 
 occur until February 7, 1871. iM-ederic R. Coudert has playfully re- 
 ferred to " the ]>olish and wit of his French ancestry, his inexhanstible 
 hoiilKiiiiif and good nature, his irresistible facility and felicity in win- 
 ning juries over to the wrong side, on which he was most at home." 
 And he adds: " • Never attack your adversary with a bludgeon,' the 
 writer once heard him say, • nni him through with a rapier." He lived 
 n]) to his own precept. He ran his adversary gracefnily and thorough- 
 ly through the vital ])arts, and when he was sure that his victim was 
 thorougiily dead he held out his hand to help him to his feet." He 
 served as School Trustee and Inspector. The uniforming of the police 
 force was mainly his achievement. He was a chief founder of t he first 
 House of Refuge, the incorporation of wliicli he secni-eil in 1S2.".. His 
 
212 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 fatliei", William Gerard, son of Robert, was of a French Huguenot 
 stock which had taken root in Scotland, where he was born. Coming 
 to New York prior to 1780 he engaged in business, and married here 
 Christina Glass, who had emigrated from Scotland to Xew York with 
 her widowed mother just before the Kevolution. She was the daugh- 
 ter of John Glass, of Tain, Scotland; sister of Alexander S. Glass, mer- 
 chant of New York; niece of Dr. Alexander Monroe, one of the found- 
 ers of the Uuiyersity of Edinburgh, and grandniece of Sir Thomas 
 Hector Monroe, Governor of the East Indies. James Watson Gerard 
 himself married Eliza, daughter of Hon. Increase Sumner, of Boston, 
 Governor and Chief Justice of Massachusetts. Her brother, Genei'al 
 William H. Sumner, was Aid-de-camp during the War of 1812 to Gov- 
 ernor Strong, of ^Massachusetts. 
 
 GERARD, JA:MES WATSON, well-kuown lawyer of New York 
 City, is the son of the late eminent lawyer of the same name. He was 
 born in this city, was gradtiated from Columbia College with vale- 
 dictorian honors in 1843, and studied law, and long practiced in asso- 
 ciation with his father, continuing the Inisiness alone after his father's 
 retirement in 18<)0. He is a recognized authority in real estate law, 
 with which specialty he has long been identified, and is author of the 
 standard legal work, " Titles to Real Estate in the State of New York.'' 
 He is author of several historical studies, including " The Peace of 
 Utrecht." He has been a member of the Board of Education of New 
 York, and was a member of the State Senate in 18T(! and 1877. He is 
 a member of the Union, Tuxedo, and Players' clubs, the St. Nicholas 
 Society, and the Columbia Alumni Association. Through his mother 
 he is descended from William Sumner, who became a freeman of Dor- 
 chester, Mass., prior to 1037, having emigrated from Bicester, Oxford- 
 shire, England. He married in 1866 Jenny, daughter of Hon. B. F. 
 Angel, who was United States ^linister to Sweden. ]Mrs. Gerard is a 
 descendant of Elder Brewster of the Mayflower, and is Yice-President 
 of the Society of Colonial Dames. 
 
 GERARD, JAMES WATSON, is the son of the pre.-cnt James Wat- 
 son Gerard and his wife, datighter of the late Hon. B. F. Angel, United 
 Slates Minister to Sweden, and is the grandson of the late James 
 Watson Gerard and his wife, daughter of Hon. Increase Sumner, 
 Chief Justice of Massachusetts as well as Governor of that State. The 
 third in three consecutive generations to bear his name, like his father 
 and his gi'andfather, he was born in this city, was graduated from 
 Cohimbia College, and has embraced the law as a profession. He is 
 associated with his father in practice, making a specialty of real 
 estate law. He is a member of the Country, Fencers", and New York 
 Athletic chibs, the Sons of the American Revolution, the City Bar 
 Association, the Society of IMcdical Jui-isprndence, and the Columbia 
 Alumni Association. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 213 
 
 WHITNEY, WILLIAM COLLINS, Secretary of the Navy during- 
 the first term of President Cleveland, wliile descended from distin- 
 guished ancestry and enjoying high social position, is widely known 
 for his energy, vigorous administrative (lualities, reform siiirit, and 
 tact and generalship withal. After graduating from Yale College 
 in 1863 and spending a year at the Harvard Law School, he began the 
 practice of law in New Y'ork City. In 1S71 he was one of the 
 founders of the Y'oung Men's Democratic Club, and in 1872 one 
 of the organizers of the County Democracy, receiving an api^oint- 
 ment as Inspector of Schools. In 1875 he was appointed Corpo- 
 ration Counsel of New York City, and distinguished himself in that 
 office. " The field of duty upon whicli he thus entered was a difficult 
 and arduous one, on ac- 
 count of neglect of diity by 
 his predecessors and gen- 
 eral lack of administrative 
 capacity and straightfor- 
 ward method in the con- 
 duct of affairs under pre- 
 ceding conditions. He 
 found no less than three 
 thousand eiglit liundred 
 suits pending, a weight of 
 responsibility which he 
 hastened to sweep awaj'. 
 He at once reorganized the 
 department with four 
 bureaus of administration, 
 introduced reforms and 
 economies wherever possi- 
 ble, and so rai^idly disposed 
 of the pending suits that in 
 two years he had handled 
 
 them all and as many more which had arisen. Despite the great accu- 
 mulation of work thus disposed of, he considerably reduced the ex- 
 penses of the office, and became dis-tinguishcd for his spirit of reform. 
 He resigned the position in 1882, having, during the seven years of his 
 incumbency, gained various notable legal triumphs, and won a high 
 reputation for legal skill and executive capacity." He warmly sup- 
 ported Cleveland for President in 1884, and was called into his Cabi- 
 net as Secretary of the Navy the following spring. Although a small 
 nucleus for the " new navy "' had been obtained during the preceding 
 administration, he must be credited with having made the country 
 independent in the matter. During his term there were completed or 
 under construction five double-tun-eted monitors, two coast-defense 
 vessels, armorclads, three armored and five unarmored steel and 
 
 WII.I.IAM COLI.IXS WHITXKY. 
 
214 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 iron rniisei-s, four iiuiihoats, and a dynamite cruiser. lUit greater by 
 far was liis aebieveuieiit iu securiug tlie establishmeut uf wurlcs iu this 
 country for producing armor plating aud forgiugs for guns, which 
 liad i)reviuusly been imported. I'or example, he induced the Beth- 
 lehem Steel ^\'orks to erect a new plant. As a result, ^ hereas at that 
 time we sent abroad for our materials, foreign nations are now having 
 warslii])s and large guns made in this country. In 1S!»2 he skillfully 
 led the Cleveland forces in the Democratic National Convention, btit 
 refused to return to public life. 
 
 Similar energy in private life has made him a prominent figure 
 iu the financial world. He is largely interested in Metropolitan Trac- 
 tion securities, and is a director of the Second Avenue Kailroad and 
 the Christoplior and Tenth Street Railroad. He is a director of the 
 Guarantee Trust Company, the Fifth Avenue Trust Company, the 
 National Union Bank, the Plaza Bank, the New York Loau and In- 
 vestment Company, the Manufacturing luvestmeut Company, the 
 Mergenthaler Linotype Company, the Metropolitan Opera and Real 
 Estate Company, the National Horse Show Association, and the So- 
 ciety for the IM-eveution of Cruelty to Children. He is likewise trustee 
 of the Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York aud trustee of 
 the Metropolitan Museum of Art. In 1888 Yale University conferred 
 upon him the degree of LL.D. Born in Conway, Mass., July 5, 1841, he 
 is the son of the late Brigadier-General James S. Whituey, Super- 
 intendent of the Springfield Arsenal in 1861, and Collector of the Port 
 of Boston in 18G0, and is descended from Brigadier-General Josiah 
 Whitney, of the Revolution, and from John Whitney, a leading settler 
 of Watertown, Mass., in 1635. 
 
 DAY, HENRY, for forty-five years a member of the notable New- 
 York law firm of Lord, Day & Lord, son-iu-law of Daniel Lord, its 
 senior partner from the organization of the finu in 1849 until his 
 death in 1868, and himself its senior partner from the latter date 
 iintil his own death in 1893, was one of tlie most eminent corporation 
 lawyers of the city during the well-nigh half century of his profes- 
 sional career. He had charge of the legal affairs of many large es- 
 tates, including those of the Astors, Edward Morgan, and Professor 
 S. F. B. Morse, inventor of the telegraph. He was prominent in the 
 organization of the Equitable Life Assurance Society, and was a di- 
 rector, and its attorney. He was a director of the Consolidated Gas 
 Company, the Mercantile Trust Company, and the Lawyers' Title and 
 Guarantee Company. He was a prominent Presbyterian, active in 
 conuectiou with benevolent institutions, and a director of the Union 
 Theological Seminary. He published " The Lawyer Abroad," and 
 " From the Pyrenees to the Pillars of Hercules." The son of Pliny 
 Day aud Deborah Butts, he was born in South Hadley, Mass., in 1820, 
 was graduated from Yale in 1845, taught school at Fairfield, Conn., 
 
» 
 
 ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 215 
 
 was graduated from Har\ ard Law t^cliui>l, aud came tu Xew York City. 
 II(' married Pliebe Lueretia, daughter of Daniel Lord. Mr. Day was 
 lineally descended from Ifobert Day, who was made a freeman of 
 Cambridge, Mass., in KiH."), and was one of the company of Dr. 
 Thomas Hooker, who founded Hartford, ("onn., in KJoU. 
 
 DAY, GEUKCE LUKD. member of the famous law tirm of Lord, 
 Day & Lord, is the son of the late Henry Day, one of the founders of 
 that hrni and its head at the time of his death in 1S!J3, and is the 
 grandson of the late Daniel Lord, another (d' the founders, aud the 
 senior partner until his death in IStlS. He is a member of the Union, 
 University. Kacquet. Manhattan. I'rinceton. Lawyers", New York 
 Yacht, New York Athletic, and Meadow Drook Hunt clubs; the 
 Downtown Association, and the Bar Association of the city. A severe 
 accident, received in 1894: while following the iiounds, forced him to 
 retii'e from active professional life. He married in England, in 1896, 
 Adele Mittaut. 
 
 ABBOTT, AUSTIN, won renown as one of the counsel of Henry 
 AVard Beechcr in the suit brought against the famous preacher by 
 Theodore Tiltou, and was one of the counsel for the Federal Govern- 
 ment in the trial of Guiteau, the assassin of President Garfield. But 
 he has won lasting fame as a legal author, having compiled numer- 
 ous standard textbooks for law students and reference books for 
 practitioners at the bar. He is the principal author of "Abbott's 
 New York Digest" and " Abbotfs Forms," while his works which 
 have become standard authorities include " Trial Evidence"' (1880), 
 "Brief for the Trial of Civil Issues before a Jury" (1883), "Brief 
 for the Trial of Criminal Cases "• ( 1889 ) , " :\Iodes of Proving the Facts 
 in Either Class of Trials," and " Brief on Questions Arising on the 
 Pleadings in Civil Actions"" (1891!. He also published "New 
 Practice and Forms," " Keports of Practice Cases,"" and " Reports of 
 New Cases." He was Dean of the Law School of the University of the 
 City of New York from 1891 until his death, April 19, 189G. In 1889 
 he received the degree of Doctor of Laws from this university. He 
 was born in Boston, Mass., December 18, 1831, the son of -Tac.di Ab- 
 bott, the popular author. He was the brother of Dr. Lyman Abbott 
 and of Benjamin Yauglian .M.l)olt, both of whom w«o'e his law 
 partners in this city at one time. He received his early education 
 from his parents, who in 1813 removed to New York City. He was 
 graduated from the University of tlie City of New York in L^.")1. and 
 the following year was admitted to tlie bai-. 
 
 EATON, DOEMAN BBIDGMAN, is eminent as a lawyer, a legal au- 
 thor, and a political reformer. He has been identified with the his- 
 tory of civil-service reform in this countiw. Having spent the yeare 
 
216 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 lS70-7o in the study of European civil-service systems, upon liis re- 
 turn he was appointed by President Grant to succeed George W. Cur- 
 tis ou the Civil-service Commission, and was made its Chairman. 
 With the approval of President Hayes he went abroad, in 1S77, for a 
 further study of the system of Great Britain. Ue drafted the Civil- 
 service Law of 1883, providing for the National Civil-service Commis- 
 sion, and was the first Commissioner under it appointed by Presi- 
 dent Arthur. His essa^ys ou this subject include : " Civil-seiwice Re- 
 form in Great Britain — 1880; " " Spoils System and Civil-service Ee- 
 form in the New York Custom House and Postoffice; " " Term and 
 Tenure of Ofiice;" " Secret Sessions, United States Senate," and " The 
 Independent Movement in New York — 1880." He was instrumental in 
 securing and shaping the law creating a paid Fire Department for this 
 city in 1865. In 18(JG he drafted the law creating the Metropolitan 
 Board of Health, and the following year formulated its sanitai-y code. 
 He drafted the law under which the police courts were organized 
 prior to the adoption of the constitutional amendments of 1891. At 
 the request of Congress he drafted a code for the government of the 
 District of Columbia. He assisted Judge William Kent in editing an 
 edition of the famous " Kent's Commentaries; " prepared an edition 
 of " Chipman on Contracts Payable in Specific Article," in 1852, and 
 contributed many articles on administrative refonn and kindred sub- 
 jects to Lalor's " Cyclopaedia of Political Science." He was born in 
 Hardwick, Vt., June 27, 1823, the son of Hon. Nathaniel Eaton and 
 Kuth Bridgman. He was graduated in 1818 from the University of 
 ^'ermont, from which he subsequently received the degree of LL.D., 
 and from the Harvard Law School in 1850. For many years he was 
 in active and successful practice in this city, following his admis- 
 sion to the bar in 1851. 
 
 BUCKINGHA:\I, CHARLES LUMAN, wlio has been engaged in 
 the practice of law in New York City since 1880, has established a rep- 
 utation as one of the leading practitioners in notable patent cases in 
 the United States, standing at the head of the profession in the espe- 
 cially difficult department of electrical cases. He has been counsel of 
 the Western Union Telegraph Company since 1880, and is counsel of 
 the General Electiic Company, of the Schuyler Electric Light Com- 
 pany, and of the Delaware & Atlantic Teleplione & Telegraph Com- 
 pany. He is a member of the University Club, the Ohio Society, and 
 the University of Michigan Alumni Association, as well as of the Metro- 
 politan and T'nion clubs, of Wasliington, D. C. He is an active mem- 
 ber of tlie American Institute of Electrical Engineers, as he is of the 
 American Association for the Advancement of Science, and the Ameri- 
 can Academy of Political and Social Science. An article from his pen 
 on " Electricity in Daily Life " apiieared in Slerih)irr\<i Marja~hic in a 
 series on technical subjects contributed to tliat periodical in 1880-00 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 217 
 
 bv leading- authorities. The scries was also published by the Srrib- 
 ners in book form. In his law ])racti((' 'Sh: Buckiniihani has eou- 
 ducted a notabh- line of cases, involving immense interests, with 
 almost uniform success. The patent lights at issue in these cases in- 
 cluded those in connection with tlie quadruplex a]iparatus, the electric 
 stock printers, the ore separator, electric overhead traction, the Tesla 
 patents on the multiphase alternating motors, designed to transmit 
 electi-ical power from ^lingai-n Falls to great distances, and others of 
 like importance in connection with the telephone, electric lighting, 
 and electric railways. Many of 
 these litigations Avere in process of 
 trial for three or four years, the 
 evidence of experts and the briefs 
 sometimes occupying eight or ten 
 prinred volumes, ro^al octavo, in a 
 single case. In his cases i\Ir. Buck- 
 ingham has ^'on victories from 
 David Dudley Fiehl. Koscoe Conk- 
 ling, Edward N. Dickerson, Gen- 
 eral Duncan, Edmund Wetmore. 
 Frederick H. Betts, C. E. Mitchell, 
 G. P. Fowrey, Dyer & Seely, Kerr & 
 Curtis, and others. He lineally 
 descends from Thomas Bucking- 
 ham, one of the founders of Mil- 
 ford, Conn., in 10r>lt, and was him- 
 self born in Berlin Heights, O., 
 October 14, 1S52. He was grad- 
 uated from the University of Mich- 
 igan in 1875, for several years was an examiner in the United States 
 Patent Office, at the same time attending the Columliian Law ^>chool 
 at AVashington, D. C, and was admitted to the bar in the District of 
 Columbia, and in New York Citv. 
 
 CHARLES LUMAN BUCKINGHAM. 
 
 MILLER, GEORGE MACCULLOCII, corporation lawyer and head 
 of the welFknown law fiini of Miller, Peckham cV; Dixon, is also prom- 
 inent as a financier. At the iirescnt time he is President of the 
 Housatonic Railroad, trustee of the Central Trust Company and the 
 Bank for Savings, and a director of the New York, New Haven and 
 Hartford Railroad Company, the Harlem River and Port Chester Rail- 
 road, the Shepaug Railroad Company, the Providence and Stoning- 
 ton Steamship Company, and Greenwood Cemeteiy. He was elected 
 President of the Newport and Wickford Railroad and Steamship 
 Company in 1S71. a director of tlie New York, Providence and Boston 
 Railroad (of which he subsequently became Vice-President) in 1873, 
 
218 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 iiud tVuui 1S70 to 18811 was President of the Provideuee and Stoning- 
 tou Steamship Company, resigning from the latter in favor of his 
 brother. He was President of the Denver, Utah and Pacifie Railroad 
 Com|>any from 1881 to ISS*!, when the road was consolidated with 
 another and profitably sold. He is a member of the Metropolitan, 
 Union League, Century, City, Lawj'ers", and Church clubs; is Junior 
 Warden of 8t. Thomas's Church; from 1869 to 1890 was Secretary of 
 St. Luke's Hospital, and since 1890 has been its President; has been 
 President of the Hospital Saturday and Sunday Association of New 
 Yink since its organization in 1879, and, since the inception of the en- 
 terprise in 187:>, a Charter Trustee and Secretary of the Cathedral of 
 St. John the Divine. Born in Morristown. N. J., in 1832, he is the 
 son of the late Jacob W. Miller, United States Senator from 1811 to 
 1853. He was graduated from Burlington College at 18, studied 
 laAv with his father, and at Harvard, and was admitted to the bars 
 of ZS'ew Jersey and New York in 1853. He has resided in this city 
 since 1854. 
 
 De WITT, GEORGE GOSMAN, head of the law firm of De Witt, 
 Lockman & De Witt, is an officer in a number of important corpora- 
 tions. He is a trustee of the Greenwich Savings Bank and the 
 Eeal Estate Trust Company, and is a director of the Eagle Fire 
 Insurance ('ompany, the Lawyers' Surety Company, the New York 
 and East Kiver Gas Company, and the East Kiver Gas Company of 
 Long Island City. He either is or has been a governor of the Union 
 Club, a governor of the New York Hospital, and Vice-President 
 of the Columbia Alumni Association, and one of its Committee on 
 Athletic Grounds. He was also Grand Marshal of the latter at the 
 installation of Seth Low as IM-esith-nt of Columbia College. He is 
 Secretai'y of the St. Nicholas Society, a trustee of the Holland So- 
 ciety, and in addition to those already mentioned, a member of the 
 Metropolitan, LTuion League, University, and other clubs. Born 
 in Callicoou, N. Y., April 9, 1845, he is a grandson of the late Peter 
 De Witt, an eminent lawyer in this city from 1804 to 1851, and 
 founder of the firm of which his grandson is now head, and is lineally 
 descended from Tjerck Claessen De Witt, who arrived in New Amster- 
 dam in 1056, and the next year settled at Wiltwyck, now Kingston, 
 N. Y. Mr. De Witt was graduated from Columbia College in 1867, 
 and from the Columbia College Law School in 1869, when he entered 
 the law office of his uncles, C. J. & E. De Witt. The death of Edward 
 De Witt in 1872, and of Cornelius J. De Witt in 1878, followed by 
 the retirement of Goelet Kip, who was also a member of the finn, 
 placed Mr. De Witt at its head. He has long had a notable practice 
 in the administration of estates and wills, and was counsel in the 
 Hamersley. Strecker, Roosevelt, Welton, and Marx cases. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 210 
 
 rAKSONS, JOHN EDWARD, one of tlie most eminent lawyers 
 of New York ("ity, where he has been eiiiiancd in practice since 1852, 
 is also President of the Knickerbocker lieal Estate Company, a trns- 
 tee of the Metropolitan Trust Company and the Bank for SavinjiS, 
 and a director of the American l?>ugar Keflnini; Company, the Third 
 Avenue Kailroad, and the Forty-second f^treet, 31anhattanville and 
 St. Nicholas Avenue Kailroad. He is President of the Woman's Hos- 
 pital of the State of New York. He was formerly President of the 
 New York Cancer Hospital, havinii- also been one of its founders. He 
 was formerly President of the New York Bible Society, and is a 
 member of the Board of the American Bible Society. He has been 
 a member of the Council of the University of New York since 1865, and 
 was associated with the late Peter Cooper, Edward Cooper, and 
 Abram S. Hewitt on the orij^inal Board of Trustees of Cooper Union. 
 He is a member of the Executive Committee of the American Trnct 
 Society, as he is also of the New York City Mission and Tract Society, 
 and of the Board of Home Missions of the Presbyterian Church. He 
 is a member of the Boai-d of Trustees and of the Board of Elders of the 
 Brick Presbyterian Church. For twenty years he was at the head of a 
 large mission school in New York City. He maintains at his own 
 expense a fresh-air home at Curtisville, near Lenox, Mass., where 
 one hundred children at a time are accommodated during the summer 
 months. While he maintains a summer residence at Eye, N. Y., his 
 ]>rincipal summer liome is " Stonover," at Lenox, Mass., and he is 
 a vestryman of the Episcopal Church at Lenox and a governor of 
 Ihe Lenox Club. Me is President of the City Club, of New York, and 
 a member of the ^Metrojiolitau, Century, University, Biding, Players', 
 and Turf and Field clubs. He was born in New York City, October 
 21, 1829, the son of Edward Lamb Parsons and Matilda C, daughter 
 of Ebenezer Clark, of Walliugford, Conn. He was graduated from 
 the New York University in 1818, at the age of eighteen, and studied 
 law with James W. Gerard, being admitted to the bar in 1852. He 
 practiced alone until January 1, 1851, and then formed a partner- 
 ship with Lorenzo B. Shei>ard. Mr. Shepard being appointed Dis- 
 trict Attorney in July of the same year, :\Ir. Parsons served as his 
 assistant until tlic close of the year. After the death of Mr. Shepard, 
 
 in 1856, he foii 1 a partnersli'ii> with the late Albon P. Man, under 
 
 the style of Man & Parsons, which continued until 1884. He was 
 counsel in the Morrill, Burr, Hamersley, Tracy, and Fayei'weather 
 will cases, and tlie Jacob Sliarp case. He was prominent in tlie 
 overthrow of the Tweed ring. He was counsel of the New York Sen- 
 ate Committee wliicli declared Tweed's seat in that body vacant; was 
 counsel of the Assembly Committee which investigated the election 
 frauds in Kings County, and prosecuted Ileni^ W. Genet before an 
 Assembly Committee. He was also counsel in the impeachment pro- 
 ceedings'against Judges Barnard, McCunn, and Cardoza. He was 
 
220 
 
 HISTORY OK THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 counsel of tlie Sugar Trust, as he has been of its successor, the 
 American Sugar Refining Company. He was one of the original 
 members of the Bar Association of the City of New York and one of 
 its most active founders. IJe took a leading part in the proceedings 
 preliminary to its organization, and submitted the draft for the 
 original constitution, wlii* li was in large part adoi)ted. 
 
 SEWARD, CLARENCE A., prior to his death in 1897, was one of 
 the most prominent lawyei*s of New York City. Born in this city, he 
 was reared at Geneva. N. Y., in the family of his famous uncle, the 
 late William H. Seward. He was graduated from Hobart College in 
 
 1848, in 1850 was admitted to the 
 bar, and for four years practiced at 
 (ieneva. In IS.jI he came to New 
 York City and became a member 
 of ilie law firm of Blatcliford, Se- 
 ward .JcGriswold, tlie head of which 
 was the late Judge Blatchford, of 
 the Supreme Court of the United 
 States. He became prominent in 
 the celebrated Day and Goodyear 
 india rubber litigations, the Bank 
 of England forgery case, the Broad- 
 way Railroad investigation, and 
 i lie Lauderdale Peerage case in the 
 British House of Lords. He was an 
 expert in express cases. Lender 
 Governor King and Governor Mor- 
 gan he was Judge Advocate-Gen- 
 eral of the State of New York. 
 Upon the attempted assassination 
 of his uncle, he was called to Washington, D. C, and discharged tlie 
 duties of Assistant Secretary of State. At the time of his death he 
 was President of the Union Club of New York City, a position he had 
 held for many years. He was President of the Fifth Avenue Protec- 
 tive Association and ^"ice-President of the Adams Express Company. 
 He was President of the Ali)ha Delta Phi Society of New York, and 
 was also President of the Alumni Association of Hobart College, from 
 which institution he held the degree of Doctor of Laws. He was a 
 delegate to a number of Republican State and National conventions. 
 He was the First Elector on the Republican State ticket in the Presi- 
 dential campaign resulting in the election of Garfield and Arthur. 
 
 CLARENCE A. SEWARD. 
 
 BAYLIES, EDMUND LINCOLN, member of the law firm of Carter 
 & Ledyard, was born in New York City in 1857; in 1879 was graduated 
 from Harvard; in 1882 fi-om the Harvard Law School, and took an 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 221 
 
 additional c-ourse in the Columbia College Law School before engag- 
 ing' in active practice in this city. He has appeared in many important 
 cases, and is counsel to many corporations. He is a trustee of the 
 Kew York Life Insurance and Trust Company and a director of the 
 Pacific Cable Company and the ^Mexican Telegraph Company. He is 
 a member of the Patriarchs, Knickerbocker, University, and City 
 clubs, the DowntOAvn Association, Bar Association of the city, and 
 the Sons of the American Revolution. In 1887, he married Louisa 
 ■^'an Eensselaer, lineal descendant of Kiliaen Van Jiensselaer, hrst 
 patroou of Eensselaerwyck. He is himself the son of Edmund Lincoln 
 Baylies, Sr., and Nathalie II Eay, and is the great-great-grandson of 
 General Benjamin Lincoln, of the Revolution, and great-grandson 
 of Colonel Hodijah Baylies, who served on General Lincoln's staff, and 
 married his daughter Elizabeth. 
 
 BOWERS, JOHN MYER, one of the eminent lawyers of New York 
 City, where he has followed his profession since 1871, is also a director 
 of the Corn Exchange Bank, the Coney Island Jockey Club, the New 
 York Law Publishing Company, and a trustee of the Tennis Building 
 Association and the New York Institution for the Blind. He has long 
 enjoyed a large corporation inactice, is a leading member of the Bar 
 Association of the City of New York, and is an influential Democrat. 
 He is a member of the Union, Metro])olitan, ^Manhattan, Riding, and 
 Whist clubs, the Downtown Association, Sons of the Revolution, and 
 Society of Colonial Wars. He married Susan Dandridge, and has two 
 daughters and three sons, Spotswood Dandridge, Henry Myer, and 
 William Grain Bowers. Jlrs. Bowers is descended from Governor 
 Alexander Spotswood, of ^'irginia, who was born at Tangiers in 1676, 
 and fought under i\larll)orough, being wounded at Blenheim. The 
 country place of jMr. Bowers is the old family mansion at Coopers- 
 town, N. Y., where he was born, November 27, 1849. He is the son of 
 John Myer Bowers and Margaret ^I. S., daughter of Robert Wilson 
 and his Avife, Martha, whose father, Colonel Cliarles Stewart, of Lands- 
 downe, N. J., came from Bortlee, County Doiicgal, Ireland, and was 
 of the royal Stuarts. He is also lineally descended from Adoli>h :\ryei-, 
 who settled in Harlem in 1661, coming from Ulsen, parish of Beut- 
 heim, Westphalia. The Rays and Croinmelins, old New York families, 
 were ingrafted upon tliis line. 
 
 BEAMAN, CHARLES COTESWORTH, a member of the famous 
 law firm of Evarts, Choate & Beaman, lias been engaged in Ihe active 
 practice of law in this city since 1866. He was Examiner of Claims, 
 State Department, Washington, in 1871, and the fcdlowiug year rep- 
 resented the United States as Solicitor in the matter of the famous 
 Alabama claims before the Court of Arbitration at Geneva, Switzer- 
 land. He is President of the Brearlev School, a trustee of the Provi- 
 
222 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 dent. Luau Society', aud a dirinttir ol tlie .Mexicau Naliuual Ifaili-uad 
 Company and the Denver and Kio Gi'ande Kailroad Company. He is 
 of New Eno'lnnd descent, tlic son oi Rev. Charles C. Beaman and ^Mary 
 Stacy, and was born at IToulton, 3Ie., May 7, 1840. He was j^raduated 
 from Harvard College in 1861, attended the Harvard Law School, and 
 was ailniitted to the bar in this city in ISHO. 
 
 SANDS, BENJAMIN AYMAE, wlio lias been engaged in the prac- 
 tice of law in New York City for more than twenty years and is 
 eminent as a corporation lawyer, is also an officer uf a number of 
 important corporations. He is ^'ice-President of the Colorado Mid- 
 land Railway Company, is a trustee and Secretary of the Terminal 
 Impruvement Company-, is a trustee of the Greenwich Savings Bank, 
 and the New York Security and Trust Company, and is a director of 
 the Hudson River Bank, the National Safety De])osit Com]>any, the 
 Commonwealth Insurance Company, and the Terminal ^Varehouse 
 Company. He is a member of the Executive Committee of the City 
 Bar Association. He is also a member of the Union, City, University, 
 Elding, Church, and University Athletic clubs, the Downtown Asso- 
 ciation, the St. Andrew's Society, the Columbia Alumni Association, 
 and the Society of Colonial Wars. He was born in this city, July 27, 
 1853, and was graduated from Cohunbia College and from the Colum- 
 bia. College Law School. Both his father, the late Samuel Stevens 
 Sands, and his maternal grandfather, Benjamin Aymar, were promi- 
 nent merchants and financiers of New York City. His grandfather, 
 Austin Ledyard Sands, was also one of the notable New York mer- 
 chants of Ills day. His great-granduncle. Comfort Sands, Avas one of 
 the Revolutionary Committee of One Hundred, which ruled this city 
 in 1775, and subseqtiently became President of the New York Chamber 
 of Commerce. The founder of the family in America, James Sands, 
 emigrated in l(i.")8 from Iieading, Berkshire, England, to Plymouth. 
 Mass., and in 1660 was one of the purchasers of Block Island. Sands 
 Point, L. I., was named aftei- Iiis son, .Tolin Sands. 
 
 HUBBARD, THOMAS HAMLIN, has been (iigagcd in the i.rac- 
 tice of law in New York City since the close of the Civil War, 
 being for a year associated with Hon. Charles A. Rapallo, late of the 
 Cotirt of Appeals bench, and. since July. 18()7, a member of the well- 
 known law tirm of liarney. Butler & Parsons, aud its successor. Butler, 
 Stillinan & Hubbard. He is President as well as a director of each 
 of the following railroad cori)orations: The Southern Pacific Coast 
 Railway, the Southern I'acitic Railroad Company of Arizona, the 
 Southern Pacific Railroad Company of New ^Mexico, the California 
 and Pacific Railroad, the Oregon and California Railroad, the Fort 
 Worth and New Orleans Railway, the Houston and Texas Central 
 Railroad, the Central Texas and Northwestern Railroa<l. the Austin 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OE NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 223 
 
 and Xoi'thwesteru Kailroad, ainl tlic Mexican Internationa 1 IJailroad. 
 He is also a director and Vice-1'n'sident of the Southern I'acific Com- 
 pany, wliich controls this system, and is a director of tlu^ Chatta- 
 nootia and Southern Kailroad, the Wabash liailroad. tlic I'acific Im- 
 provement Company, the Western National Bank of this city, the 
 Washington linilding Company, and tlie Detroit (ias Company. He 
 has been one of the Vice-Presidents of the Union League Club of New- 
 York, and is also a member of the Hiding, Lawyers', and Kepublican 
 clubs, tlie Downtown Association, the City Bar Association, the New 
 York Law Institute, and tin- .Military Order of the Loyal Legion. 
 Born in Hallowell, Me.. Deceiiiher 2(1. 1S3S, lie is the grandson of Dr. 
 John Hubbard, an eminent pli\si(iaii of Keadtiehl. Me., who was born 
 in New Hampshire, and is the son 
 of Dr. John Hubbard, the skillfid 
 surgeon, who was eh^ted to the 
 Maine Senate,and from 184itto IS.jo 
 was GoA'ernor of that State, the 
 Maim* Liquor Law being enacted 
 during his administration. < Jeneral 
 Hid)bard"s mother was Saiali 
 Ibxlge, daughter of Oliver Barrett, 
 of Chelmsfoi-d, Mass., and grand- 
 daughter of a Bevolutionary soldier 
 wlio was one of the " minute men " 
 at Lexing-ton, and was killed in the 
 second battle of Stillwater, just pre- 
 ceding Burgoyne's surrender. Oen- 
 eral Hubbard was graduated from 
 Bowdoin College in 18.")", was ad- 
 mitted to the Maine bar in ISOO, ' 
 continued his studies at the Albany 
 Law School, and was admitted 
 to the New York bar in the spring of 1801 
 with the Twenty-fifth Maine ^'olunteers in 18()2, with the commission 
 of First Lieutenant and as Adjutant of his regiment. He was mus- 
 tered out July 11, 1863, having also served as Assistant Adjutant- 
 General of the Brigade. He was instrumental in raising the Thir- 
 teenth Maine Volunteers, in which be received the comnnssion of 
 Lieutenant-Colonel, November 10, 1863. He served thr<.ugli the i;ed 
 River campaign; after the battle of Pleasant Hill. La., was assigned 
 to the command of his regiment, and led in the assault of Abmett's 
 Bluff at Cane River Crossing. He assisted in the construction of the 
 Red River dam to float the stranded gunboats at Alexandria. La., and 
 helped bridge the Atchafalaya River with a line of steamers. He was 
 commissioned Colonel of his regiment May 13, 186-t, an<I soon after 
 was transferred to the Shenandoah Valley, where he served throngh- 
 
 THOMAS }IAMLIN HUBHARD. 
 
 He went to the front 
 
224 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 out the campaiyu of 1864-6.3, also actiug as president of a court-mar- 
 i' \1. After the review of his command in Washington, in April, 1865, 
 Lc! was ordered to Savannah. Ga., where he conducted a board for 
 examination of officers of the volunteer force who applied for com- 
 missions in the regular army. He was commissioned Brevet-Brig- 
 adier-Geueral July 13, 1865. and soon after mustered out of service. 
 
 BUTLER, PBESCOTT HALL, member of the celebrated law firm 
 of Evarts, Choate & Beaman, with which he has been connected for 
 more than a quarter of a century, is the oldest cliild of the founder 
 and original head of that firm, the late Chai'les E. Butler, who, in 
 1842, with William M. Evarts established the law partnership of But- 
 ler & Evarts, at the head of Avhich he remained until his retirement 
 in 1879. Mr. Butler's mother, Louisa Clinch, was a sister of the late 
 Mrs. A. T. Stewart, while he himself, in 1874, marned Cornelia Stew- 
 art, daughter of J. Lawrence Smith and Sarah Clinch, and grand- 
 niece of Mi"s. Stewart. They have a daughter and two sons — Law- 
 rence and C. Stewart Butler. Mr. Butler has long enjoyed a large 
 corpoi'ation practice, has been connected with various corporations, 
 and is now President of the Garden City Company. He is a member 
 of the Metropolitan, University, Riding, Racquet, Players', Harvard, 
 Adirondack League, New York Yacht, Larchmont Yacht, Seawan- 
 haka-Corinthian Yacht, and Jekyl Island clubs, the Century and 
 Downtown associations, the City Bar Association, and other organiza- 
 tions. He was born on Staten Island, ^March 8, 1848, and was gradu- 
 ated from Harvard in 1869. 
 
 ANDERSON, ELBERT ELLERY, has practiced law in New York 
 City since 1854, and since 1868 has been head of the law firm of Ander- 
 son & Man. In one of its cases this firm recovered .f2,000,000 interest 
 on bonds of the Missouri, Kansas and Texas Railroad, and has been 
 especially prominent in railroad litigations. Mr. Anderson is now 
 Receiver and Government Director of the Union Pacific Railway 
 Company, and a director of the Montana Union Railway, the Man- 
 hattan, Alma and Burlingame Raihvay, and the Central Branch 
 Union Pacific Railway Company. He was one of the commission 
 appointed by President Cleveland in 1887 to investigate the Central 
 Pacific and Union Pacific railways, and prepared the majority report. 
 He was a Major of ^'oluuteers during the Civil War, was captured, 
 and came home on i)arole. Although a Democrat he helped to over- 
 throw the Tweed ring, and subsequently became one of the reorgan- 
 izers of Tammany Hall. He was its chairman for the Eleventh Dis- 
 trict for several yeai-s, but in 1879 became one of the seceders who 
 founded the County Democracy. He was long Chairman of the Gen- 
 eral Committee of the latter organization. As President of the Re- 
 
ENCYCLOI^KDiA OF NEW YORK BlOGrAPHV. 225 
 
 fdiiii ("lull and ("hail-man of the Tariff Refonn Committee in 1892, 
 he was active in publishing articles and delivering addresses. He 
 was similarly active in favor of a sound currency in ISiKj. lie has 
 been a member of the Kapid Transit Commission, the ("rot on A(|ue- 
 duct ("ommission, the Elevated Kailroad ("ommission, and tlie r.oanl 
 of Education, being ajipointed to the latter position by Mayor ^Strong 
 in 18!J(;. The son of the late J)r. Henry J. Anderson, Professor in 
 C"olumbia (College, he was born in this city (Jctober ol, 1833. He 
 traveled in Europe with his father when ten years of age, was gradu- 
 ated from Harvard in LS.ji, and in 18.")1 was admitted to the New- 
 York Bar. He married Augusta ( "hauiuey. 
 
 BETTS, FREDERIC HENRY, was graduated from Yale College in 
 1SC>i, from the Yale Law Hchool in 18()."), and from the ("olumbia Col- 
 lege Law School in 18G(j. He had also studied with (governor Henry 
 B. Harrison, of New Haven, Conn., and Avith Man & Parsons of this 
 city. He is recognized as one of the ablest patent lawyers in the 
 Lnited States. He was Lecturer on this subject in the Yale Law 
 School from 1872 to 1883, and has imblished a work on " The Policy 
 of Patent Law '" (1870). He became counsel for the Insurance De- 
 partment of the State of New York in 1871, while for sixteen years, 
 from 1877 to 1893, he was counsel in the patent cases of the City of 
 New York. He has conducted cases of prime imiiortance for the 
 General Electric Company, the Edison Electric Light ("onipany, the 
 "Western Union Telegraph Oimpa.ny, the Westinghouse Air Brake 
 Company, and other corporations of like prominence, ilr. Betts was 
 a member of the Republican County Committee of New York County 
 in 1884. He was a member of the C"itizens' Committee of Fifty in 
 1883, as he was of the Committee of One Hundred in 1884. He is a 
 member of the Metropolitan, Century, City, University, Lawyers', 
 (Irolier, and C'hurch clubs, the Sons of the Revolution, the Society of 
 Colonial Wars, the Y'^ale Alumni, and the Association of the Bar. He 
 Avas born in Newburgh, N. Y., :Mar( h 8, 1843, and is the son of the 
 late Hon. Frederic J. Betts and .Mary Ward. His father became Dis- 
 trict Attorney of Orange County, New York, in 1823, while from 
 that year until 1827 he was ^Faster in ("hancery. Between 1827 and 
 1S41 he was ("lerk of the T'nited Stat.'s ("ii'cuit and United States Dis- 
 trict courts of New York. From 18(i7 to ls7(t he was a Judge of the 
 Hiistings Court of Campbell County, Yirgiiiia. Mr. Betts traces his 
 descent from many notable men of colonial New England. He is a 
 dcsrcndnnt of (ioveruor .(ohn Hayiics. .d' C.overnor (Jeorge Wyllys, 
 of <;ovei-iior William Leete, of AssislanI Edward Ixossiter. of Assist- 
 ani Samui'l Wyllys, of Assistant Samuel Sherman, of ('(done! Andrew 
 Ward, and Captain .l(dm Taylor, olllcers in tlie c(donial wars; (d' Snnt- 
 U( 1 ("omstock Betts and T'riah Betts, lJev(diitionary soldiei-s; of ('ai>- 
 1ain Andrew Ward and Lieutenant .T(diu Sc(.vine. Other ancestors, 
 
226 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 William Speucor, George Bartlett, Cbristopber Comstock, Xathaniel 
 Stoue, and Josiali Iiossiter, were all members of the Couuecticut Pro- 
 viiicial Assembly. 
 
 I)A^'IES. WILLIAM GILBERT, eldest son of the late dis- 
 tinguisbed Jndge Henry E. Davies, of Xew York City, bas been en- 
 ga<;ed iu tbe practice of law in New York since 18G3, and bas long- 
 been Counsel to tbe Mutual Life Insurance Company, mainly confining 
 bimself to practice as Cbamber Counsel. He is a Lecturer on tbe Law 
 of Life Insurance in tbe University of tbe City of Xew Y^ork, and is a 
 director of tbe Cbelsea, tbe Assurance Company of America, tbe La- 
 fayette Fire Insurance Company, and tbe National Standard Insur- 
 ance Company. He is a member of tbe L'nion. Tuxedo, St. Nicholas, 
 University, Manhattan, Lawyers', Grolier. Nineteenth Century, 
 Church, and Atlantic Yacht clubs; the Century Association, the Lied- 
 erkranz, the Sons of the Revolution, the Society of Colonial Wars, tbe 
 New England Society, the NeAV York Historical Society, tbe Academy 
 of Science, the Scientific Alliance, the Trinity College Alumni, the 
 Phi Beta Kappa Alumni Association, and other organizations. He 
 married, in 1S7U, Lucie C, daughter of Hon. Alexander H. Bice, who 
 was Mayor of Boston, a [Member of Congress, and Governor of Mas- 
 sachusetts for three terms. 
 
 COCHRAN, JOHN, President of tbe New York Society of the Cin- 
 cinnati, is one of tbe distinguished citizens of New Y'ork. He was 
 graduated from Hamilton College in 1831, was admitted to the bar 
 in 1S34, and taking up bis residence in New York City iu 1816, became 
 one of tbe eminent practitioners at tbe bar. He was in 18.j3 appointed 
 United States Surveyor of the Port of New York. From 1857 to 1861 
 he was a member of Congress. In a public address in November, 1861, 
 be advocated the arming of tbe slaves, and is believed to have been 
 tlie first to propose this as a military measure. He recruited a regi- 
 ment and served at its bead until disabilities forced him to resign 
 in 1863. From 1863 to 186.5 he was Attorney-General of the State of 
 New York. He was candidate for Vice-President on tbe ticket with 
 John C. Fremont in 1864, but resigned prior to the election. In 186ii 
 he refused an appointment as United States ^linister to Uruguay 
 and Paraguay. He was elected President of the Common Council of 
 New York City in 1872. and the same year was a delegate to the Na- 
 tional Liberal Republican Convention which nominated Greeley for 
 tbe Presidency. In 1889 he was appointed a Police Justice. He was 
 born in Palatine, N. Y., August 27, 1813, the son of Walter L. Cochran 
 and Cornelia, daughter of Judge Peter Smith, of Peterboro, N. Y., and 
 granddaughter of Colonel James Livingston of the Revolutionary 
 Armv, a descendant of the first Lord of Livingston ^lanor. He is the 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 227 
 
 grandson of Dr. John Cochran, of Washington's Army, whom ^^■ash- 
 ington appointed Surgeon-General and Congress made Director-Gen- 
 eral of Hospitals in ITSl, and who married Gertrude, sister of General 
 I'hilip Schuyler. 
 
 HOADLY. GEOKGE. was graduated from Adelbert College in 
 1S44, attended the Harvard Law vSchool, was admitted to the bar in 
 Cincinnati, Ohio, in August, 1847, and in 1849, under the firm style 
 of Chase, Ball & Hoadly, became a member of the Cincinnati law firm 
 of which the late Salmon 1'. Chase was the head, and Flanien Ball the 
 second partner. In February, 1851, he was elected by the Ohio Legis- 
 lature sole Judge of tlie First Superior Court of Cincinnati. L^pon the 
 abolition of this court in 1853 he 
 foriiH^d a law partnersliip with Ed- 
 ward Mills. In 1855 and 185(1 he 
 was City Solicitor of Cincinnati. 
 In the latter year he declined tiie 
 app<)intment to the Supreme Bench 
 of Oldo, offered him by Governor 
 Chase. In 1850 he was elected to 
 succeed Judge Gliolson on the 
 bench of the Second SuperiorCourt, 
 and in 1864 was elected tor a sec- 
 ond term, having meanwhile de- 
 clined the offer of Governor Tod to 
 appoint him to the Ohio Supreme 
 bench. In 18()n he resigned his Su- 
 pei'ior Court Jtidgeship to resume 
 the practice of law in Cincinnati as 
 the head of the law fii in of Hoadly, 
 Jackson & Johnson. The firm was 
 reorganized as Hoadly, Johnson 
 ^; Colston in 1874, and became fa- 
 mous throughout the West for its 
 
 conduct of notable railway litigations. Mr. Hoadly was one of the 
 counsel of Samuel J. Tilden in the Tilden-Hayes Presidential election 
 contest of 1876. He personally argued the Florida and Oregon cases. 
 He was one of the leading members of the Ohio Constitutional Con- 
 vention of 1873-74. A Kepublican during the Civil War. and for some 
 time subseqtiently, in 1872 he joined the Liberal Republican move- 
 ment in support of Horace Greeley for the Presidency. He presided 
 as Temporary Chairman over the Democratic National Convention, 
 held at Cincinnati in 1880. In the fall of 1883 he was the successful 
 Democratic candidate for Governor of the State of Ohio. He was 
 re-nominated in 1885, but failed of election. In 1886 he resumed the 
 
 GEORliE IIDADI.V. 
 
2'28 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK, 
 
 pi-;i(li(L' of law, and in ISST ii'moxcd to New York City, where he has 
 since lie(^n head (if tlie well-known law tivni of lloadly, Laiiterbach 
 & Johnson, lie was associated with Jjimes C. Carter in arguing the 
 iiucoustitntionality of the Chinese Exclusion Act. At the present 
 time he represents tlie United States in the foreclosure of the Govern- 
 ment subsidy lien upon the Union I'acilic Eailway. being special as- 
 sistant to the Attorney-General. He was formerly a trustee of the 
 Cincinnati University, and for twenty jears was a regular lectiii'er 
 in the Cincinnati Law Hchool. He is a Freemason, and Knight 
 Templar, and a thirty-third Degree Scottish IJite Mason. He 
 is a member of ilic Metr()[)olitan, Nineteenth Century, Centui^-, 
 Lawyers', Manhattan, and Democratic clubs. He was born in New 
 Haven. Conn.. July 31, 1S2(>. and received his early education in the 
 public schools of Cleveland. Ohio. He is the grandson of Captain 
 Timothy Hoadly, of Northford, Conn., and the sou of George Hoadly 
 and IMary Anne, eldest daughter of William Walton Woolsey and 
 Elizabeth Dwight, of New York City. His father was graduated 
 from Y'ale in 1801, was three years tutor in Y'ale, was a lawyer and 
 banker of New Haven, became its Mayor, and. removing to Cleve- 
 land. Ohio, also became- its Mayor. Governor Hoadly's mother was a 
 niece of the first President Dwight, and the elder sister of President 
 Woolsey, of Y'ale College, was a great-granddaughter of Jonathan 
 Edwards, and was an aunt of Theodore Winthrop and Susan Wool- 
 sey (" Susan Coolidge "). Governor Hoadly holds the degree of 
 Doctor of Laws from Adelbert College. Dartmoiith College (1887). 
 and Yale College (1884). 
 
 BENEDICT. r'HAPvLES LINN.T:US, Judge of the United States 
 Court of the Eastern District of New Y'ork for the long term of thirty- 
 two years, from his ajjpointment to this bench by President Lincoln 
 in 1805 until his resignation, July 19, 1897, was born in Newburg, 
 N. Y'., in 1824, the son of the late Profesf-'or George Wyllys Benedict 
 and Eliza, daughter of Stephen Dewey and Elizabeth Owen, of Shef- 
 field, Mass. His father was a professor in the T'uiversity of Vermont 
 as well as secretary and treasurer of its Board of Trustees, was editor 
 and proprietor of the Burlington Free Prefs, and seiwed two terms in 
 the Vermont Senate. Other prominent names a]ii>ear in the line from 
 Judge Benedict back to Thomas Benedict, who came from Notting- 
 ham, England, and died at Norwich, Conn. Judge Benedict was grad- 
 uated from the University of Vermont in 1844, studied law with his 
 uncle, the late l^rastus C. Benedict of New York City, and was en- 
 gaged in snci-essful ju-actice as the law itartiun- of his uncle when he 
 received his judicial appointment. He is a member of the Century 
 Association, the Si^ma Phi Club, the Hamilton Club of Bro(jklyn, and 
 the New^ England Society. He married first, in 1856, Rosalie, daughter 
 of Abner Benedict, and subseoiient to her death, which occurred in 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. '129 
 
 ISoS, iiiaiiicil travail, widdw of Ilcury B. (^i-uiinvell ami ilaiii;liU-i- of 
 Dr. William i^eamaii, both of New York City. His son, Gcoriic Abiiev, 
 was by the first wife. 
 
 mi\ 1 )Y, JAM Ei^ T< )rn AiM, was ii leadiiiu lawyer in his day, being 
 especially notable for his snccess before tlie jnr\in criminal cases. lie 
 was constantly engaged as counsel in iaiiK.iis cases of this cliar- 
 acter. He had the gift of persnasive cbKiucnce, was tactfnl in the man- 
 agonent of his cases and was a good cross-examiner. He was also 
 conn>-el in many notable civil cases, inclnding the litigation of 
 Goodyear r.v. Day over rnbber |iatents, the Parish and .Vilaire will 
 cases, the Hnntington forgery case, th(^ ( 'ole liomicide case, and the 
 divoi'ce case of Eilwin Forrest, whose connsel he was. He was ap- 
 pointed United States District Attorney at ]S'ew Vork in 18-13. He 
 was also Corporation Counsel of New York City for a tinu'. He was 
 the unsnccessfnl candidate for the governorslii]i of New ^'ork on Ihe 
 ticket of the Breckinridge Democracy. lie jMiblislied a stoiw. ".V 
 Christmas Dream." 
 
 liLATCHFOKD, SAMUEL, was graduated from Columbia College 
 in 1S.S7. Two years later he became private secn^tary to Governor 
 Seward and military secretary on his staff. He studied law, was ad- 
 mitted to the bar in 1842, and in 1S4."> became the law partni^r of Will- 
 iam H. Sewai-d at Aul)urn. X. Y. In ]S.")4 he removed to New York 
 City and became head (d' the law firm of Blatchfoid, Seward & Gi'is- 
 wold. He was District Judge of the Uinted States Court for the 
 Souiliern District of New Yoik from ISC.T to ISls, fiom tlie latter date 
 until 1882 was iM-deral Circuit Judge, and in :Marcii, 1882, was ap- 
 l)ointed by President Arthur an Associati- Jiistice of the Supreme 
 Court (d' the United States. He was born in New York City, .^rarcli !), 
 1820, and died in Newport, K. I., Jidy 7, 18!i:?. 
 
 ABNOLD, LEMUEL HASTINGS, head of the law Arm of Arnold 
 & Greene, of New York City, is also an officer of several corporations. 
 He is President of the Fidelity Securities Company, successor to the 
 I'i.lelity Loan and Trnst Comi>any, «( Sioux City, la.; is a director and 
 miMuber of the Execiitive Comnnttee of tlu' Honn- Life Insurance 
 Com]>any, and is a director of the E(| nit able Semrities Comjiany. He 
 is President of the lTom<-o])athic Hos].ilal of P.rooklyn, and is a nn^m- 
 ber of the Hamilton Club of that boi-ough, and the Lawyers" Club and 
 the Bar Association of New York. He was instrumental in secunng 
 a uniform system of examination for admission to tlie bar in this 
 State, being'the author of the law establishing a State Boai-d of Ex- 
 aminers, and being appointed a Special ("ommittee of the City Bar 
 Association to urge the measure before legislative committees. He 
 was born in Providence, B. I., November IT, 1S47, the son of Lemuel 
 
230 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Hastings Arnold and Han-iot I\ebecca Sheldon, and tho grandson of 
 Lemnel Hastings Arnold, who was Governor of llliode Island in 1831- 
 32, and subsequently a member of Congress. Jonathan Arnold, his 
 great-grandfather, was a Eevolutionary soldier, a Congressman, and 
 founder of St. Johnsbury, Yt. Daniel Lyman, a Revolutionary sol- 
 dier who afteiTvard became Chief Justice of Rhode Island, was also 
 his great-grandfather. During the Civil War Mr. Arnold's father 
 i-emoved to Brooklyn and engaged in the warehouse business, while 
 the son, at fifteen years of age, entered the Pay Department of the 
 Army. In 1S70 he was graduated from the Columbia College Law 
 School. He was atti>rney to Public Administrators Henry Alker, 
 Algernon S. Sullivan, and Richard J. Morrison, of this city, prior to 
 forming his present law jiartnership with Hon. J. Warren Greene, 
 now a Justice of the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court. 
 
 McCOOK, JOHN JAMES, member of the law firm of Alexander 
 i^- (Jreeu. and enjoying a large corporation practice, is a Trustee of 
 the American Surety Company, and a director of the Mercantile Trust 
 
 Company, the Equitable Life Assurance So- 
 ciety, the Sun Insurance Company, Wells, 
 Fargo & Company, the New York Loan and 
 Im])rnvement Company, and the American 
 Pig Iron Storage Warrant Company. He was 
 boin at Carroltou, Ohio, May 25, 1845. His 
 fatlier, IMajor Daniel McCook, was killed in 
 the Civil War, in which Mr. McCook also en- 
 listed at the age of sixteen, leaving Kenyon 
 College to join the 6th Ohio cavaliw. He was 
 .loHx .lAMKs MCCOOK. asslgued to the staff of General T. L. Crit- 
 
 tenden, and participated in tlie battles of 
 Perryville, Stone Kivei*, Tullahoma, Chattanooga, and Chickamauga, 
 and those of the Wilderness campaign, being severely wounded at 
 Shady Grove. Ga. He rose to Brevet Lieutenant-Colonel, though but 
 twenty years old when the war closed. He was graduated from Ken- 
 yon College in 1S6G, and from the Harvard Law School in 1809. He 
 has received the degree of A.M. from Kenyon and Princeton, and that 
 of LL.D. from the University of Kansas. He is a member of the 
 Union, Metropolitan, Union League. Tuxedo, and many other clubs. 
 
 McCOOK. AXSOX GEORGE, lawyer, is President of the New 
 York Law Publishing Company, and a trustee of the State Trust 
 Company. He recruited a company of Ohio Yolunteers. entered the 
 Union Army as their Captain, was promoted to a Colonelcy, and at 
 the end of the war received the Brevet of Brigadier-General " for 
 gallant and meritorious services." From 18G5 to 1873 he was Asses- 
 sor of Internal Revenue at Steubenville. Ohio. Removing to New 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 231 
 
 York, he I'epresented this city iu Congress as a Republican from 1S7T 
 to 1883. He acted as Secretary to the United States Senate in the 
 50th, 51st, and 52d Congresses. Born in Steubenville, Ohio, October 
 10, 1835, he visited California as a youth, but returned to Steubenville 
 and studied law prior to the Civil War. He is the son of Dr. John 
 McCook, and a cousin of John J. McCook. 
 
 JENNINGS, FREDERICK BEACH, was graduated from Williams 
 College in 1872, from the Harvard Law School in 1871, from the New 
 York University Law School in 1875, founded the law firm of Jen- 
 nings & Russell, of this city, and subsequently became a member of 
 his present firm of Stetson, Tracy, Jennings & Russell, well-known 
 corporation lawyers. He is counsel of the Erie Railroad Company, 
 and of other important corporations. He is President of the Charles- 
 ton City Railway Company, President of the New Y^ork, Lake Erie 
 and Western Docks and Improvement Company, President of the 
 Long Dock Company, Vice-President of the American Trading Com- 
 pany, Vice-President of the First National Bank of North Benning- 
 ton, Vt., Vice-President of the Bennington and Rutland Railway 
 Company, and a director of the Chicago and Erie Railroad. He is a 
 member of the Metropolitan, Century, City, University, Racquet, 
 Country, Delta Kappa Epsilon, New Y'ork Athletic, and University 
 Athletic clubs, the City Bar Association, the Downtown Association, 
 the New England Society, and the Williams College Alumni Associa- 
 tion. He married, in 1880, Laura Hall, daughter of Hon. Trenor W. 
 Park, and granddaughter of Governor Ililand Hall, of Vermont, and 
 has a daughter and three sons, Percy Hall, Frederick Beach, Jr., and 
 Edward Phelps Jennings. Born in Bennington, Vt., in 1853, he is 
 the son of Rev. Isaac Jennings, the grandson of Dr. Isaac Jennings, 
 and is descended from Joshua Jennings, wlio was born in England in 
 1G20, and emigrated to Connecticut twciitv-hvc years later. 
 
 GRAHAM, JOHN ANDREW, a resident of New York City from 
 1805 until his death in 1841, was a pioMiinent practitioner in the 
 ( rinunal courts of tlie city, and acquired a large fortune. He was 
 horn in Southbury, Conn., in 1761, was admitted to the Connecticut 
 Bar in 1785, and subse(iuently practiced law for many years at Rut- 
 land, Vt., where he was a leader in his profession. He visited Europe 
 several times. In 1700 the I'niversity of Aberdeen conferred upon 
 liim the degree of LL.D. Tiie late distinguished Colonel John Lori- 
 mer Graliam, of tliis city, was his son by a second wife, Margaret, 
 daughter of James Lorimer, of London, while the present Malcolm 
 Graham, Sr., is his grandson. He was of the family of which the 
 Dukes of Montrose ai'e the heads. His grandfather, Dr. John Gra- 
 ham, was graduated from the University of Glasgow, and earl\ iu 
 
232 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 tlie Ki^litt'eiitli ('ciitury ciiiiiiriilcd to Exeter, N. li.. .iihI iiriietieed 
 mediciue. Later he studied tlieoloiiv, and was pastor of ilie church 
 at Staffoi-d, <\)ini., from 1723 to 1732, and of the church at Soutlibury, 
 Conu., from 1732 to 1774. He married Abijiail, daughter of Kev. 
 Nathaniel Chauiicev, D.D. Their son, Dr. Andre\Y Graham, father 
 of Jolin Andre^Y Graham, was a ])hYsician; for many rears repre- 
 sented Woodbury, Gonn., in the General Gourt; was a member of the 
 Reyolutiouary Goniniittee of Safety; was Surgeon in the patriot army 
 at tlie battles of 1 >anbury and Wlute Plains, and was ca])tured by the 
 British during the action last mentioned and held until the close of 
 the war. He married Martha Gurtiss. 
 
 GEAHAM, JOHN LOKHIEK, long a leader of the bar of New 
 YorkGity as head of the firms of Graham, Noyes&Martin and Graham, 
 Wood & Powers, wliich were especially conspicuous in connection 
 with mercantile law, was also prominent in public life. He was the 
 son of John Andrew (Jraham, of this city, and Margaret, daughter 
 of James Lorimer, of London; was himselWborn in London, March 20, 
 1707, and died in Flushing, L. I., July 22, 1876. Haying stmlied law 
 with Judge Tajiping Keeye, of Litchtield, Conn., and John Anthon, 
 of this city, he was admitted to the bar in 1S21. In 1817 he had joined 
 the State Militia, and in 1810 was appointed Aid-de-camp on the staff 
 of Goyernor De Witt Glinton, with the rank of Golonel. In 1834 he 
 was appointed IJegent of the State Uniyersity. From 1840 to 1844 
 he was Postmaster of New York City. In 1861 he accepted a conti- 
 dcnlial [losition in the Treasury Department at Washington. He 
 founded a free scholarshi]i in the Uniyersity of the City of New York, 
 of the council of which he was a member. He was a life director of 
 the American Bible Society and a prominent member of many organi- 
 zations. He married the youngest daughter of Isaac Clason, one of 
 New York's notable merchants. A daughter suryiyed liim, with four 
 sons — James, Glinton, Augustus, and ^Malcolm Graham. 
 
 GPAHAM, MAL(M)L:\r, since 18.")4, has been a member of the firm 
 of Hartley & (iraham, of New York City, dealers in tirearms and 
 ammunition. He is a director of the Remington Arms Company, and 
 a member of the T'nion, ^r('1ro]>o]itaii. Union League, Century, Law- 
 yers', Biding, ^Manhattan, New ^'ork Yacht, Atlantic Yacht, and Sea- 
 wanliaka-( "orintliian ^'a<lit clubs, the Downtown Association and the 
 Sons of tlie BeA'olulion. lie is also a member of the St. ^Vudn-w's 
 Society and of the New York Gliaml>er of ('omnuMce. He married, 
 first, Annie, daughter of George Douglas, of New York City. Slie die<l 
 in 1873. In 1876 he married Amelia ;\I., daugliter of J. B. Wilson, 
 of New York City. He has a daughtei- and two sons — Malcolm, Jr., 
 and Robert D. Graham. He was liinisclf born in New Jersey, July 
 27, 1832, the son of the late ( 'oloncl John Lorimer <iraham, of tins 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 233 
 
 city, einineiit as a la-\vyei' and in puldic life, 
 Andrew Grabani, also a New York lawyiT, 
 ancestry. 
 
 md grandson of Jolin 
 and of distiniinislicd 
 
 GEAHAM, MALCOLJI, JR., eldest son of Malcolm Grahain, well- 
 known niercliant of Xew York City, is hiiusclf a director and the 
 Treasurer of tlic F. O. Pierce Company, paint manufacturers. He was 
 o-radiiated from Princeton University in 1890, and is a member of the 
 University Athletic, New York Yacht, Lawyers', Princeton, Delta Plii, 
 St. Andrew's (iolf, IJichmond County Country, and Platen Island 
 Cricket clubs, and the St. Andrew's Society. He married Maud L. 
 Briahtman. 
 
 DEPEW, CHAUNCEY MITCHELL, railroad tinamh-r, lawy.r, 
 leader in the councils of the Republican party, eminent in social ami 
 
 public life, orator, and ^__ 
 
 famous after-dinner 
 speaker, is oue of the 
 most distiuguisiied citi- 
 zens of the United States. j 
 (4raduating with higli i / 
 
 lionors from Yale College 
 in 18.50 when twenty-two 
 years of age, he identified 
 himself with the Republi 
 can party of whicli -Tolin 
 C. Fremont was then 
 Presidential candidate. 
 He was admitted to the 
 bar in 1858, and the same 
 year elected a delegate 
 to the Republican State 
 Convention, from li i s 
 liome at Peekskill, N. Y. 
 He won renown as a 
 political speaker tlirough- 
 out the Ninth Congressional District during the Lincoln cami)aign of 
 18G0, and being nominated for the New York Assembly the following 
 year received a handsome majority in llie Third District of ^VesI- 
 chester County, wliicii had been previonsly overwhelmingly Demo- 
 cratic. Pve-elected in 1SC>2, hewas mentioned for Speaker of the House, 
 became Chairman of its Ways and :Means Committee, and acied as 
 Sjteaker a i)art of the session. In 18(;:5 he received ilie Kei)nblican 
 nomination for Secretary of State, made a brilliant canvass, and, 
 despite the fact that Governor Horatio Seymour had sweid the State 
 
 CIIACNCEY MITCIIKI.I, DKI'KW. 
 
234 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 at the bead of the Democratic ticket the year previous, he was trium- 
 phantly elected. He declined a reuomination in ISOo, and, removing 
 to Xew York City, served for some time as Tax Commissioner. The 
 pajiers had been made out for his appointment as Collector of the Port 
 of New York when a quarrel between United States Senator Morgan 
 and President Johnson altered the program. Appointed United States 
 Minister to Japan by Secretary Seward, he resigned after holding the 
 commission four weeks, his connection with the Vanderbilt railroad 
 interests having already become such as to justify tliis decision. In 
 1S72 he peiTuitted his nnuiination as Lieutenant-Governor on the 
 Horace Greeley ticket, suffering defeat with the great editor. In 1881, 
 when Senators Conkling and Piatt endeavored to embai'rass President 
 Garfield by their resignations. 'Sli: Depew was the leading candidate 
 before the Legislature for election to the United States Senate, being 
 the choice of two-thirds of the Republicans of both houses, and only 
 lacking ten votes of election on joint ballot. At the end of eighty-two 
 days, following the foiiieth ballot, in which he retained all his 
 strength, he withdrew on account of the death of President Gai-field, 
 declaring that " the Senatonal contests should be brought to a close 
 as decently and speedily as possible." In 1881, with a Eepublican 
 majority of nearly two-thirds in the Legislatui-e, all factions united 
 in off'ering him the vacant T'nited States Senatorship from New York, 
 lie declined on account of his business engagements. One of the most 
 formidable candidates for nomination to the Presidency in the Repub- 
 liran National Convention of 1888, with a solid vote of the delegation 
 of his own State, he withdrew in the interest of harmony, throwing his 
 strength to Benjamin Hari-isou, who received the nomination. It is 
 believed that his vigorous advocacy of the reuomination of President 
 Harrison, after Blaine developed the sudden rivalry which he had de- 
 clared he should not do, together with his skillful leadership of the 
 Harrison forces in the Republican National Convention of 1892, and 
 eloquent presentation of the name of Harrison to the convention, 
 turned the tide in favor of the reuomination of the President. When 
 Blaine resigned as Secretaiw of State in the summer of 1802, President 
 Harrison offered the post to Mr. Depew, but after a Aveek's considera- 
 tion the latter declined. In Januaiy, 1899, he was elected to the 
 United States Senate by the New York Legislature. 
 
 His connection with the Vanderbilt railroad system began in 18Gt>, 
 when he became attorney to the New York and Harlem Railroad 
 Company. He became general counsel to the consolidated New York 
 Central and Hudson River Railroad Company in 18G9, and soon en- 
 tered its directorate. In 187.5 he became general counsel of the entire 
 system, being also elected a director of each company composing it. 
 In the reorganization of 1882 he was elected First Vice-President of 
 the New York Central, and June 11, 1881, succeeded the late James 
 Rutter as President both of this road and the West Shore. These 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 235 
 
 positions he held uutil the svi^tem was still furiln'i- eompaeted b^- the 
 reorganization of the spring- of 1898, when he resigned to accept the 
 more responsible trnst of presiding officer of all the boards of direc- 
 tors of the affiliated corporations. In addition to foily-seven railroad 
 corporations of which he is director, he is trnstee or director of the 
 Union Trnst Company, the ilercantile Triist Company, the National 
 Snrety Company, the Western National Bank, the Schermerhoru 
 Bank of Brooklyn, the Western Union Telegraph Company, the Equit- 
 able Life Assurance Society of the United States, the New York Mu- 
 tual Gas Light Company, the Brooklyn ^^'arehouse and Storage Com- 
 pany, and several other coi"porations. He has been a trustee of Yale 
 College since 1872, a regent of the State T'niversity since 1874, and is 
 President of the New York Society of the Sons of the American Ivcv- 
 olution. President of the St. Nicholas Society, was for seven years 
 Pi'esident of the Union League Club, and for ten years President of the 
 Yale Alumni of New York. In 18S7 Yale University conferre<l upon 
 him the degree of LL.D. His reputation as an orator and after-dinner 
 speaker is national. Born in Peekskill, N. Y., Api-il 23, 1831, he de- 
 scends through his father from Huguenot ancestors who settled in 
 New Eochelle, Westchester County, in the seventeenth ceninry, and 
 tln-dugh his mother from Roger Shenuan, signer of the Declaration of 
 Independence. 
 
 BANKS, DAVID, head of the famous law-book publishing liouse, 
 which his father, the late David Banks, founded in 1801, is also Presi- 
 dent of the Building, Inspector and Sanitary Surety Company, and 
 Vice-President of the East River National Bank. Of the latter insti- 
 tution his father was the first President. Mr. Banks was the last Cap- 
 tain of the old City Guard, and is an honorary member of the organi- 
 zation which pel^letuates its memory. He is a Commander of the 
 Military Order of Eoreign Wars, and was formerly Commodore of the 
 Atlantic Yacht Club. He is a member of the Council of the New York 
 University and a member of its Law, Library, and Building commit- 
 tees. He is a member of the Union, New York, Manhattan, St. 
 Nicholas, Lawyers', City, New York Yacht, Atlantic Yacht, and Ata- 
 lanta Boat clubs, the Sons of the Revolution, and the societies of For- 
 eign and of Colonial Wars. His yacht is the Water Witch. He was 
 born in this city, December 25, 1827, and married Lucetta G., daugh- 
 ter of the late Elias Plum, of Troy, N. Y. He has a daughter and a 
 son. David Banks. Jr., tlie latter being his business associate. 
 
 BARLOW, PETER TOWNSEND, member of the well-known law 
 firm of Shipman. Bai'low, Larocque & Choate. is the son of one of the 
 founders of that fiiiii, the late Samuel L. M. Barlow, and a daughter 
 of Peter Townsend. He was born in this city, June 21, 1S.">7: was 
 graduated from Harvard in 1879, studied at the Columbia College 
 
2;i6 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 Law School aud with his father's liriu, and has been in active practice 
 since. He is a director of I he .Mount Sterling;- Railroad Company and 
 the Witte Water Placer Coiupanv. He is a member of the Union, 
 Metropolitan, Fniversity, Harvard, Racquet, and New York Yacht 
 clubs, and the Downtown Association. In 1886 he married Viriiinia 
 Louise, dauiilitcr of p]dward ^Mathews, and has two sons — Ivlward 
 Matlie\\s and Samuel T>. M. Rarlow. 
 
 LORD. DANIEL DE FOREST, eldest sou of Daniel Lord, the cele- 
 brated commercial lawyer, Avho founded and was long the head of the 
 New York law firm of Lord, Day & Lord, also became a prominent 
 laAvyer. He was born April 17, 1819, studied law with his father, and 
 became a member of his firm. He was connected with a number of in- 
 stitutions, and was one of the secretaries of the immense mass meet- 
 ing in this city, April 20, 1801, to greet the heroes of Fort Sumter. 
 He married, in 1845, ]\Iary Howard, daughter of Benjamin F. Butler, 
 one of the revisers of the code in this State, and Attorney-General in 
 the Cabinets of Yau Buren and Jackson, and sister of the present Will- 
 iam Allen Butler. 
 
 LORD, DANIEL, the present liead of the famous law firm of Lord, 
 Day & Lord, is the eldest son of tlie late Daniel De Forest Lord, who 
 was in turn eldest son of the eminent Daniel Lord. He was born in 
 this city in 1840, was graduated from Columbia in 1800, and two 
 years later was admitted to the bar aud to the firm of which he is now 
 senior member. He is a trustee of the United States Trust Company, 
 aud a director of the Fifth Avenue Trust Company and the Equitable 
 Life Assurance Society. He is a member of the LTuion, Metropolitan, 
 Union League, University, Lawyers', New York Athletic, Rockaway 
 Hunt, Lawrence, and Seawanhaka-Corinthian Yacht (dubs, the 
 Downtown Association, the City Bar Association, the Columbia 
 Alumni Association, and the Sons of tlie Revolution. He married, in 
 1808, Silvie Livingston Bolton, and has a daughter, Fanny Bolton 
 Lord. His only son, Daniel Lord, died in 1893, having been grad- 
 uated from Yale the ]iic\ious year. 
 
 l'OLSo:\I, <H:0R(!E, lawyer, historical writer, and diplomat, was 
 born in Kennebunk, Me., in 1802; in 1822 was graduated at Harvard; 
 studied law and ]irai-ticed at Saco aud Framingliam, ^le., and Wor- 
 cester, .Mass., jirior to ls:>7, and in the latter year became a resident 
 of New York City. He was at one time Chairman of the American 
 Antiquarian Society, aud subsequently became President of the 
 American Ethnological Society. He was a jsrominent nieniber of the 
 New York Historical Society, and ]»nblished "Sketches of Saco and 
 Biddeford," " Dutch Annals (d' New York," "Letters and Despatches 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 237 
 
 of Cortez," "Political Coiiditiou of Mexico," and "Address on i he 
 Discovery of Maine." In IS-Li be was elected to the New York Senate. 
 By appointment of President Zacliary Taylor, in 1850, he was for four 
 years Cliarge d'Affaires at The Ilai^ne. lie died, in lS(i<), at Home, 
 Italy. He married, in l8o'J, Margaret Cornelia, daughter of Benjamin 
 "^^'inthrop, and a descendant of Governor John Winthrop. 
 
 (leorge Winthrop Folsom, his son, was born in New York City, was 
 graduated from Columbia College, and is a member of the Univer- 
 sity, Century, and St. Anthony clubs, and the Columbia Alumni 
 Association. He resides at Lenox, JIass. Margaret Winthro]) I'ol- 
 som, his sister, became a member of the Sisterhood of St. John the 
 Baptist, and established the St. Jolin Baptist Foundation, which 
 maintains a mi.ssion church and schools for girls in this city and on 
 Long Island. 
 
 COOKE, AVILLIA:\[ gates, was admit led to the bar in N(nv York 
 City, June 7, 1872, practiced law in that city until April, 1879, and 
 since the latter date has practice<l in Brooklyn. He was Counsel to 
 the Kings County Board of Supervisors in ISSl and 1885, while in 189() 
 and 1897 he was Assistant Cori^oration Counsel of the City of Brook- 
 lyn. He is a member of the Union League and Crescent Athletic 
 clubs of Brooklyn. He was born in Kingston, N. Y.. June 0. 1851. and 
 is the sou of Erastus Cooke and Lucretia Boot, daughter of Silas 
 Gates and Deborah McDonald, and the grandson of Holden Cooke and 
 Euth Joslin. His paternal ancestor came over in the Mayflower. 
 His maternal great-grandmother, Huldah Goffe, was descended from 
 one of the judges who condemned Charles L, " ( loffe, the regicide." 
 
 LOGAN. WALTEK SETII. is the head of the law firm of Logan, 
 Clark & Deniond. and President of tlie Sonora and Sinaloa Irrigation 
 Company. He is a member of many clubs of New York and Brook- 
 lyn, as well as of the Society of the Sons of the American Kevolution, 
 and enjoys high social position. He was graduated from Yale in 
 1870, from Harvard Law School in 1871, and from Columbia College 
 Law School in 1872. He was designated by the Dean of the Har- 
 vard Law School when the latter was applied to by James C. Carter 
 to recommend a graduate for a delicate trust in connection with the 
 celebrated Jumel case. After an association of many years with 
 Mr. Carter, he organized his present firm, with Salter S. Clark and 
 Charles M. Demond. His cases include the Chesebrough estate, ^^■irt 
 Fountain Pen case, Phelps Estate litigation, and the water-riglK ir- 
 rigation controversies in the southwest. He was born, April 15, 
 1847, in Washington, Litchfield County. Conn., where his ancestors 
 were among the early settlers. His father, Hon. Seth S. Logan, was 
 a prominent Democrat. He was for twenty years a member of the 
 Connecticut Legislature, and held other State offices. 
 
238 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 BUTLEK, WILLIAM ALLEN, is one of the most ciiiiiieiit of New 
 York lawyers. He was lonji' at the head of the hiw tiriu of Butler, 
 Stilliuan & Hubbard, and is now the senior member of the firm of 
 Butlei*, Notman, .Toline & ^lynderse. Lie was made President of the 
 American Bar Association in lSN(i, and in 1886 and 1887 was Presi- 
 dent of the Association of tiie Par of the Tity of New York. He has 
 lonii been regarded as a leading authority on admiralty law in the 
 United States. Among his cases which have decided the maritime 
 laAV of the country in impoi-tant points may be mentioned those of 
 the Pennsylvania (19 Wallace, 125l, the LottaAvanna (21 Wallace, 
 558), the Scotland (105 United States, 24), and the Montana (129 
 United States, 397). In all these cases the United States Supreme 
 ('ourt alMrmed the interpretation of the law argued by Mr. Butler 
 before that tribunal. He has been a member of the council of the 
 University of the City of New York since 18(12, and tiiroughout this 
 jteriod has delivered an annual course of lectures on admiralty law 
 before the Law School of the University. He has also distinguished 
 Idmscdf in letters, both as a poet and \A'riter of prose. While travel- 
 ing abroad, from 181() to 1848, he contributed sketches of " Out-of-the- 
 Way Places in Europe "' to the Literarij World. •' The Colonel's Club " 
 A\as a humorous series in the same x^eriodical. He wrote on " Cities 
 of Art and the Early Artists " for the Art Union Bulhtiu. His poem, 
 " The Future " (1846), was followed by many others, contributed to 
 the />' niiicnith- li( i-i'ir and other i)eriodicals. " Barnum's Parnassus," 
 a volume of poems, was issiu^d in 1850. Seven years later the poetical 
 satire, '' Nothing to Wear," appeared anon;\'mously in Harper's Weeklii, 
 and Avas reproduced in England, Germany, and France. " Two Mill- 
 ions "' was published in 1858, and the '"General Average" a little 
 later, while his collected poems were published in Boston in 1871. He 
 lias written two successful novels, •' Mrs. Limberis Baffle " and " Do- 
 mesticus." Among writings of another character are " The Bible 
 by Itself" (ISGO), "Martin Van Buren " (1862), "Lawyer and Cli- 
 ent" (1871), "Evert A. Duyckiuck " (1879 1, and a history of the 
 revision of the statutes of New York (1888). He was born in Albany, 
 February 20, 1825. His father, Hon. Benjamin Franklin Butk'r, held 
 llie portfolio of Attorney-General in the cabinets of lioth Jackson 
 and Van Buren. He was one of the most eminent lawyers of tlie 
 State of New York, and one of the revisers of the statutes. William 
 Allen Butler is a member of the Union League, Century, Grolier, an<l 
 Lawyers' clubs, and the Association of the Bar. His son, William 
 Allen Butler, Jr., associated witli his father in law jtractice, is Pr( si- 
 dent of the Lawyers' Club, as well as a member of the University and 
 Princeton clubs and the Association of the Bar. 
 
 SMITH, JOHN SABINE, during the three years, from 1889 to 1892. 
 was Vice-President of tlie Bepublican Chil) of the Citv of New York. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 239 
 
 niid in 1893 was its President. He has Imhmi I'residcnr (if the Society 
 of Medical Jnvispindenre, and for seveial years was President of llie 
 NeAV York Alunuii Association of Trinity ('ollei;e. He lias been for 
 many years an active member of the Ke])nbiican County ("oniniittec of 
 New York, was its President in 1893, and at tlie present time is its 
 Treasurer. In 1891 lie was one of the most active nuMubers of the ( 'om 
 iiiitteeof Tliirty apjiointeil tit reorg^ani/.c llic llciiublican party in N<'\v 
 York County, ami as counsel of tliis connuittee secured its recogintiou 
 as 1 he regular Kepublican organization in New York County. He has 
 served a number of years on the Republican State Committee, being 
 also a member of its E.Kecutive ('ommittee. He is \'ice-President of 
 the Institute of Ci\'ics; is a mendier of (!race Churcli; was one of the 
 founders of the East Side House, an institiiliou on the " University 
 Settlement " jilan, and is its Treasurer; was one of tin- foundeis of the 
 Church Club, was active in secur 
 ing its incorporation, and has sinc<' 
 been one of its energetic members; 
 is a trustee of Trinity College; is a 
 director of the Society for Promot- 
 ing Clntrch Schools and Colleges; 
 is counsel of St. Mark's Hospital, 
 is a member of Chancellor Wal- 
 worth Lodge, Fr<^e and Accepted 
 ■Masons; is one of the three trustees 
 of the property in New York (J'ity 
 of the Scottisli Rite, and is a thirty- 
 second degree Mason, and a Knight 
 Templar. In addition to the <n'gan- 
 izations already named, he is a 
 member of the T'niversity, Law- 
 yers', and Qnill clubs, the New 
 England Society, the Society of 
 Colonial Wars, the Phi Beta Kappa m.hn >a]:im -muh. 
 
 Alumni Society, the Bar Associa- 
 tion of the City of New York, the New York State Bar Association, 
 and the American Bar Association. In 1898 he received the degree of 
 Doctor of Laws. 
 
 As the Republican candidate for Surrogate of New York County in 
 1892 he received a larger vote than had ever before been received by a 
 Republican in New York City on a " straight " party ticket. In the 
 Republican State Convention of 1893 he received the sup])oit of llic 
 delegation from New York County for the nomination as Judge of tlie 
 Court of Appeals. He was active in the creation of (lie Republican 
 League of the United States. As a member of the ExecutiveConimittee 
 of tiie New York State League in 1888, and Chairman of its sub-Execu- 
 tive Committee, he directed itseuergiesin thecami>aigu resultiugiu Ilie 
 
 
 N. 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 V 
 
 
 ■v V-' 
 
 4 
 
 li 
 
 im^H^^MH 
 
 ■ 
 
 ■ 
 
 
 
 
240 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 (4('cti()n of I'residoiit Hanisou. In IS'.io he was Chairman of tlie Ke- 
 ini1>lic"in Club's Committee ou Mniiicipal Elections, which advocated 
 a, '• straijilit " liepiiblican municipal ticket, and brou<;ht William L. 
 Sh()Ui;to public attention as a, suitable candidate for Mayor. He was 
 Chairman of the Republican Club's (Jampaisin Committee of Fifty in 
 the uubernatorial contest of 18'J1, i)residing at the live great mass- 
 meetin<;s in New York C^ty under its auspices. In recognition of his 
 services in the presidential cauijiaign of 1S!I2, a dinner was given in 
 his honor by the Ivepublican <"lul> in December of that year. In the 
 ]iresi(lential cam|iaign of 18!J(i, as well as in the municipal campaign 
 of INitT, he was ( "hairnuiu of the Committee ou Speakers of the Kepub- 
 licau County (."(unmittee. 
 
 The Constitutional Amendment, increasing the membership of 
 the Xew York Senate to fifty and that of the Assembly to one hundred 
 and ftfty, was originated by Mr. Suiil li in a Committee of the Eepubli- 
 can Club. He advocated it before the Constitutional Convention of 
 1S1I4, and it was ado]>ted. Before the Committee on ( iti(^s of the Con- 
 stitutional ('(Uiventiou he also defeated the ]>ioposition to give mayors 
 of cities an unlimiteil veto of State legislation alTectiug their respec- 
 t'wi cities. Lie was one of three Commissionei's a]i]M)inted by the Aji- 
 pellate Division of the Supreme Court in 18!lT to take testimony and 
 re]iort recommendations res]iectiug the constiuclion by the City of 
 New York, at a cost of |35,000,(l()0, of a system of rapid transit. The 
 Commissioners recommended that such a road be built and i)ut in 
 operation, 'i'he general ])lan of the ])rimary law enacted in 1898 
 originated with .Mr. Smith, while he nuule the Urst draught. He also 
 pre])ared a c<)iiii>eudium of it, while he is engaged at the present time 
 in its I'evision. 
 
 l!orn in Ilandidph, Vt., April 24, 1843, he is the son of Dr. Jcdiii 
 S])0(iuer Smith and Catharine, daughter of Kev. Janu^s Sabine. The lat- 
 ter was an Eiiiscojinl clergyman, who was a rector in London, England, 
 Itoston, Mass., and I?ethel,Vt. ; while his wife was the daughter of Isaac 
 l)aufor<l, a distinguished English barrister. Mr. Smith's father was a 
 physician at Kandoljih, Vt., for more than fifty years, being the leader 
 of his profession throughout that region. He was, in turn, the son of 
 Samuel Smith and his wife, Lucy Woods, whose father was an officer 
 in the IJevolutiou. Captain Steele Smith, fatlier of SannuM and great- 
 grandfather of John Sabine Smith, was the founder of ^^■iudsor, Vt., 
 he liaving led a band of pioneers to that place from Fanuington, 
 Conn. Mr. Smith also descends from Captain James Parker, of Grotou, 
 Mass., commander of the ganisou at that place in KiTti. 
 
 Having prepared for college at the Orange County (^'t. ) Grammar 
 School, ilr. Smith entered Trinity College at the age of sixteen, and 
 was graduated at the head of his class four years later, although he 
 had been obliged to partially support himself by teaching. He had 
 charsie of a select school at Trov, N. Y., during the next four years. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OI' NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY, 241 
 
 Avhilc (liiriiii; this time he Jilso studied iiiw with •Jiidjie (xeornc <inul<l 
 and Judge Gai'diiiei- ^tow(\ He next tauglit for one rear in Harring- 
 ton's famous srliool at Throgg's Xeclc, Westclie.ster ('(innty; after 
 ^vliicli ( in 1S()S ) lie was admitted to tlie New Yoi'Ic bar, and engaged in 
 l>raetiee in tiie City of New Vorlv. He attracted attention by his sue- 
 cess in a number of im])ortant and dinicult cases, ami lias since en- 
 joyed a large practice. 
 
 He has distinguished himself as Iteferee in a number of intricate 
 and yerj important cases during the last few years. 
 
 KOOT, ELIHU, prominent lawyer of New York, was grailuated 
 from Hamilton College iu 1S()4, studied law there and at the Uni 
 versity Law School, and since 1S()7 has been engaged in practice iu 
 New York City. He was counsel for Judge Hilton in the A. T. Stew- 
 ait will cases, and was counsel in the Broadway surface railroad case, 
 the Sugar Trust contest, the Bedell forgery suits, and the acqueduct 
 litigation. He proceeded before Mayor Grant for the removal of Mat- 
 thews and Post, Dock Commissioners of New Y'ork City. He defended 
 Ivobert l{ay Hamilton in the suit of Eva Mann. In 1879 he was uu- 
 successfiij Republican candidate for Judge of the Court of Common 
 I'leas. By appointment of President Arthur he was United States 
 l>istrict Attorney for the Southern District of New York from 1883 to 
 1885, and in this capacity prosecuted James D. Fish, president of the 
 Marine Bank, for bis connection witli the ( Jrant and War<l frauds. In 
 1880 he was Chairman of the liepublican County Committee of New 
 York, having for several years been a member of its executive com- 
 nnttee. He was one of the leaders of the Committee of Thirty which 
 revolted against the Bepuldican macjiine in New York County in 
 18!)3-!)4, and effected a reoigani/.alion. lie was a delegate-at-largv to 
 the Constitutional Convention of 1S!I4, and was Chairman of its Judi- 
 ciary Committee. He has been i)resi(lent of the Bepublicau Club of 
 the City of New Y'ork, and of the New England Society, and Vice- 
 President of the Union League Club. He is also a member of the 
 iletropolitan. Century, Univei'sity. and Players' clubs. Born in Clin- 
 ton, Oneida County, N. Y'., February L"), 1845, he is the son of Oren 
 P(K)t, who. for tliirty-six years, was ](i'ofessor of mathematics in Ham- 
 ilt<m College. His ]>aternal ancestors were long seated in New Eng 
 land. 
 
 EPiVING, JOHN, has bi-en engaged in the active practice of law 
 iu this city for more than forty yeai-s. He is a member of the Bai- 
 Association of the city and tlie Union League. City, and Harvard 
 clubs. He married Cornelia, dauglilei- of ^Villiam Van Rensselaer 
 and Sarah Pogers. of Albany, and has several daugliters and two 
 sons— John Ljingdon Erving, of New York City, and William Van 
 Peiisselaer Erviu". of All)anv. ^ir. IOr\ iiig was born in 1S:W. and was 
 
242 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 graduated from ilarvard iu 1853. He !;> the son of the late Colouel 
 John Erving, United States Army, and Emily S., daughter of Hon. 
 •John Laugdon. Avho. in a(hlition to many other distinguished honors, 
 was Governor of 2sew Hampshire for nine years, and United States 
 Senator for twelve years. He is also descended from John Win- 
 throp, Thomas Dudley, and General William Shirley, all of whom 
 were (lovernors of Massachusetts, and thus traces his line from sev- 
 eral English kings, and from Henry I. of France and his wife, Anne 
 of Russia, daughter of the Grand Duke Jaroslaus. 
 
 XICOLL, DE LA^'CEY, was born in Bayside, L. I., in 1854, in 1871 
 was gradtiated from Princeton witli high honors, in 187(> was grad- 
 tiated from Columbia College Law School, and successfully practiced 
 law in this city for many years. In 1885 he became Assistant District 
 Attorney under District Attorney Randolph B. Martine. The inde- 
 pendent and Republican candidate for District Attorney in 1887, he 
 was defeated by the Tammany candidate, the late John R. Fellows. 
 In the fall of 1890 he was elected to this office on the Tammany ticket. 
 At the concltision of the term of three years he resumed the practice 
 of law. He was a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1894. 
 He married ^lattd Churchill. He is a member of the Union, Metro- 
 politan, Ttixedo, Racqtiet, Riding, University, Manhattan, Princeton, 
 Eockaway Hunting, Democratic, and Lawyers' clubs, and the Down- 
 town As.sociation. He is the son of Solomon Townsend Xicoll, a stic- 
 cessful merchant of this city who married his cousin, Charlotte Ann 
 Xicoll; is grandson of Benjamin Xicoll and Mary M., daughter of Ed- 
 ward Holland, and is descended from William X'icoll, who married 
 Anna, datighter of Patroon Jeremias Van Rensselaer and Maria Van 
 Cortlandt, and from William XicolFs father, Matthias Nicoll, who in 
 KUU accompanied to this country his itncle, the conqueror and (tov- 
 crnor of Xew York, Sir Richard Xicoll, and himself became the first 
 I^nglish Secretary of the Colony of X'ew York, and was Governor's 
 Cotmcilor, Mayor of this city, Speaker of the Assembly, and Judge of 
 the Court of Oyer and Terminer. 
 
 BRISTED, CHARLES ASTOR, lawyer, of this city, was born here 
 in 18(19, and is the son of the late distingtiished Charles Astor Bristed 
 by his second wife, Grace Ashburner. daughter of Charles Sedgwirk 
 of Lenox, Mass., and granddaughter of Hon. Theodore Sedgwick, 
 Member of Congress, United States Senator, and Judge of the iMassa- 
 chusetts Suiueme Court. Rev. John Bristed, his grandfather, was 
 born in England and died in Rhode Island, while his wife, grand- 
 mother of Mr. Bristed, was a daughter of the first John Jacob Astor 
 of this city. He is also eighth in descent from Major-General Robert 
 Sedgwick, who came to Massachtisetts in 1G35, and from John Dwight, 
 who came over in 1634. 'Slv. Bristed was graduated from Trinity Col- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 243 
 
 Iciie, Cambridiii', Eugland, in 1S!J:>; stvidied law, and was admitted 
 to practice in tliis city, aud tias followed his profession, lie is a 
 member of the Knickerbocker and Catholic clubs. In 1894, he married 
 Mary Rosa, daughter of Edward C. Donnelly, of Grove Mount, Man- 
 hattanville, aud has two dauiihters. 
 
 BACKUS, J. BAYAKD, loni; enjiaiivd in the practice of law in New 
 York City, was boru in Schenectady, N. Y., September 20, 1853, and 
 is a yradimte of Union College. He was one of the founders of the 
 University Athletic Club of New York, aud was one of the seven 
 incorporators of the Society of Mayflower Descendants, being' now 
 a member of its Board of Assistants. He is also a member of the 
 Union (College Alumni, the New England Society, and the Society of 
 Colonial Wars. He married, in 1877, Cornelia N., daughter of 
 Joshua C. Price, of Rockingham (/ounly, Virginia, and has a daugh- 
 ter. Mr. Backus's interesting ancestry is set forth in Browning's 
 " Americans of Royal Descent.'' He is the son of the late Dr. Jona- 
 than Trumbull Backus and Ann E., daughter of the late Chamellor 
 Walworth. His father was graduated from Columbia College, was 
 a trustee of Union, and was Moderator of the Presbyterian General 
 Assembly at Philadelphia in 1870, being one of the most eminent 
 Presbyterian divines in the United Staters. 
 
 TRUAX, CHARLES HENRY, was a Justice of the Superior Court 
 of this city for the term of fourteen years from 1880 to 1804. and 
 in the fall of 1895 was elected a Justice of the Stipreme Court for the 
 term of fourteen years, beginning Jaiinary 1. ISOO. He was a member 
 of the Constitutional Convention of 1S94. He either has been or is 
 a trustee of the Mott Memorial Library, a trustee of the Holland 
 Society, and a Governor of the :Maidiattan Club. Eor seven years he 
 was a trustee of the Church of the Puritans. He owns one of the 
 notable private libraries of the city, containing 10.000 carefully se- 
 lected vi.luiiies, and gave a library of 1.250 volumes to Hamilton Col- 
 lege. In addition to the organizations named, he is a nu'mber of tlie 
 Democratic, New York Athletic, and Harlem (lubs. and the St. 
 Nicholas aud Dunlap societies. ]i(u-n in Durhamville. N. Y., Oc- 
 tober 31, 1840, he is the sou of Henry Philip Truax and Sarah Ann, 
 daughter of Gilbert Shaffer, and sister of the late Chauncey Shaffer, 
 the well-known lawyer of this city. While he left Hamilton College 
 In his junior year. Judge Truax subsequently received the degrees 
 of A.M. and LL.D. He taught school in Oneida County from 1802 to 
 1868, and, entering the law office of Chauncey Shaffer in New York 
 City, at the end of a year was admitted to the bar, and engaged iu 
 ]iractice. He is eighth in lineal descent from Philippe Du Trieux, one 
 of the Walloons, who came over in 1023, and was Court :Marshal of 
 New Amsterdam under Peter Minuet in 1038. On February 9, 1871, 
 
244 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 lie \v;is iiiarricd t<i Xannie C, daughter of Tlioiuas Stone. She died, 
 .March 30, 1880, leaviug two sous and two daughters. 
 
 r 
 
 UOWLAND, HENRY ELIAS. has been engaged in the practice of 
 law in New York City since 1857, as partner for twenty-one years of 
 John Sherwood, and subsequently with the late Henry H. Anderson, 
 under the style of Anderson, Howland \' ^Murray, of which well- 
 known firm he is now the head. In 1873 Governor Dix appointed him 
 to the Marine Court bench of this city, now the City Court. He was 
 tlic nnsnccessful ItciMihlican candidate for this bench the same year. 
 
 In 1S75 and 187(1 he was an Alder- 
 man of New York City. In 1881 he 
 was President of the Department 
 of Taxes. He was the unsuccessful 
 Kepublican candidate for Judge of 
 the Court of < 'oiiiiiion Pleas in 1884, 
 and for Judge of the Supi*eme 
 Court in 1887. He is now President 
 of the Board of Managers of the 
 :\lanhattan State Hospital. He is 
 also President of the Society for 
 the Relief of Destitute Blind, Pres- 
 ident of the Jekyl Island Club, 
 President of the Meadow Club of 
 Soutliampton, L. I.; is Governor- 
 General of the Society of May- 
 flower Descendants, is First Vice- 
 President of the New England So- 
 ciety, is a member of the Executive 
 Committee of the Union League 
 Club, is Secretary of the Ceutuiy 
 Club, has been a member of the 
 Council of the University Club since 
 its organization, is also a member 
 of the Metropolitan, I'layers', Kepublican, Shinnecock Hills Golf, and 
 Adirondack League clubs, and the Downtown Association; is a mem- 
 ber of the Corporation of Yale University, is a trustee of the New 
 York Free Circulating Library, as he is also of the Marion Street 
 Maternity Hospital; for many years has been connected with the 
 State Charities Aid Association, is a Vestryman of the Church of the 
 Ascension, Fifth Avenue, and is a member of the Bar Association 
 of the City of New York. He was born in Walpole. N. H.. June 30, 
 1835, the son of Aaron P. Howland and Huldah Burke. He descends 
 from Governor Silas Wright, of New York, and from John Howland. 
 who came over on the first voyage of the ^layllower. He Avas edu- 
 cated in the common schools of New Hampshire, prejiarcd for college 
 
 HENRY F.LIAS HOWLAND. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 245 
 
 at KimbaH'f^ Union Acadcniy. Mciidcn, N. II.. and, cntciing Yale (Njl- 
 lege at the age of lifteeu. was gi-adnatcd in 1S.")4. subsequently re- 
 ceiving the degree of Master of Arts. Jlc studied law with Judge 
 Frederick Vose, and in 1857 was graduated from liarvard Law School. 
 Judge Howland is u director of the Lawyers' Title Insurance Com- 
 pany, the Lawyers' .Mortgage Insurance Couipany. the Maritime ("anal 
 Company, of Nicaragua; the Continental Filter Company, and the 
 Brearley School. 
 
 JAIMES, EDWARD CHKISTOPHEi;, at twenty years of age inter- 
 rupted his law studies to go to the front as Adjutant of th.e Fiftieth 
 New York Volunteers, in April, 1S(!], and served until August, ISGo, 
 when he was honorably discharged on account of disability, lie had 
 risen to the rank of ( .'olonel of the One Hundred and Sixth New York 
 Volunteers, and at tiiues jiad been in comnmnd of his brigade. Ke- 
 suniing his legal studies at ()gdeusl>urgh, N. Y., he was admitted to 
 the bar in 1863, and in Jauuai-y of the following year began practice in 
 partnei'sliip with Hon. Stillman I'oote. TIds association was con- 
 tinued for ten years, after which Colonel James jiracticed alone at 
 Ogdensburgh for seven years. In 1881 he formed a partnership with 
 his managing clerk, .Vlric I\. Ilerriman, and leaving tlie ()gdensbui-gli 
 business in his hands, removed to Xe\\ York City, where he has since 
 practiced. He is head of the law tirm of James, Schell, Elkus&McGuire. 
 In the case of People r.s. New York Central and Hudson River Railway 
 Coui])any he established the right of the State to compel the operation 
 of railways. He has defended many suits for the Manhattan Elevated 
 Raihvay Company. He I'ecovered from Ihe New York Lif(> Insurance 
 C<unpany a fifth interest in the Plaza Hotel as counsel for Mrs. Apple- 
 ton, daughter of the late John Anderson, the wealthy tobacconist. 
 Joseph 11. Choate and William B. Hornblower were the opposing 
 counsel. He has been counsel of Russell Sage in the suits of Laid law 
 r.s'. Sage, connected wdth the Norcross bomb explosion, Mr. Clioate 
 being opposing counsel. He obtained a verdict of |37, 5(1(1 for Mrs. 
 Ellen Pollack in her suit against her father-in-law for alienating 
 her husband's affections. He W'as counsel for the minority bond- 
 holders in the reorganization proceedings of the East Tennessee, 
 A'irginia and Georgia Railway Company. After a year's litigation 
 he secured the withdrawal of the com])laint in the suit of the bond- 
 holders of the Kansas Pacific Railway Company to recover |11.0()(),()00 
 from Russell Sage and the executors of the Jay Gould estate. He 
 successCully defended Police Captain William S. Devei";\- and Police In- 
 spector :McLaughlin from cliarges growing out of the investigation by 
 the Lexow Senate Commit tee, and secured the reinstatement of the 
 latter client. lie is couusid for the widow's estate and the next of 
 kin in the Fayerweather will case now pending. He married, in ISfil, 
 Sarah Welles, daughter of Edward H. Perkins, of Atliens. Pa., and 
 
246 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 has two daughters — Mrs. (irant C. Madill, of Ogdensburgh, and Mrs. 
 I'auldiug Faruham. Mrs. James died in 1879. Colonel James was 
 born in Ogdensburgh, Mav 1, 1841, and is the son of the late Hon. 
 Amaziah Bailey James, who was a Justice of the ?sew York Supreme 
 Court from 1853 to 1877, and a member of Congress from 1877 until his 
 death in 1883. He descends from Dr. Thomas James, who emigrated 
 from Wales to Khode Ishmd with Roger Williams. Ilis grandfather, 
 Samuel B. James, was a lawyer, while his great-grandfather, Amos 
 James, was also a lawyer, and was a commis.sioued cavalry officer 
 during the Revolution. Colonel James's mother was the daughter 
 of Cai)tain Christopher I.'ipley, of the War of 1812; was the sister of 
 General Roswell S. Eiple;\', liistorian of the Mexican War, and was 
 a niece of General James W. Eiph:-y, Avho distinguished himself in 
 the War of 1812 and in the Civil War. Through her Colonel James 
 descends from Kev. John IJobinson, pastor of the Pilgiim Fathers in 
 Leyden, Holland, and from William Bradford, 8r., and William Brad- 
 ford, Jr., (lovcrnors of riyiiioutli Colony. 
 
 ALLEN, ETHAN, soon after his graduation from Blown Univer- 
 sity with honors in 1860, was admitted to the New York Bar, and 
 during the war period was Deputy United States District Attorney 
 for the Southern District of New York. With William M. Evarts 
 and others he represented the Goveimment in the prosecution of the 
 officers and crew of the Savannah for piracy, and was prominent in 
 other notable cases. He was also commissioned ('olonel in the recruit- 
 ing service hj Governor E. D. Morgan, and recruited the Blair Brig- 
 ade. He was counsel in the famous Commodore Yanderbilt will con- 
 test. In 1872 lie was Chairman of the National Committee of the 
 Liberal Republicans who nominated Horace Greeley for President. 
 He is a member of the T'nion League and otlier clubs, the Sons of the 
 American Revolution, and the Brown University Alumni Associa- 
 tion. He was born in Monmouth County, New Jersey, the sou of 
 Samuel Fleming Allen, a soldier in the War of 1812, and grandson of 
 Captain Samuel Allen, a Revolutionary ofHc-er. He married, in 1861, 
 Eliza, daughter of Darius Clagett and Providence Brice, of distin- 
 giiislicd [Maryland families. 
 
 AGAR, JOHN GIRAUD, head of the law lirm of Agar, Ely & 
 Fulton, has been prominently identified with the movement for reform 
 in local government of the People's ^lunicipal League of this city. In 
 the State election of 1891 he was Chairman of its Campaign Com- 
 mittee, and through his activity the State candidates pledged them- 
 selves to supi)ort the Australian system of voting by blanket ballot. 
 He also early advocated the creation of a State naval militia, and 
 September 2, 1891, was appointed l)y Governor Hill Lieutenant of 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 2-17 
 
 the First Biittalion, Xaval Kesei-ve Artilk-ry of the State of Xew York. 
 Althoujili a Deiiiocrat, iu June, 18S1, he was appointed by President 
 (tartield Assistant United States District Attorney for the Soutliern 
 District of New York. At the end of a year he resigned to organize 
 his pri s( lit hiw tirni. lie is a trustee of St. Patrick's ('athedral, a 
 director of tlie Mathieson Alkali Works, and the National Starch 
 Manufacturing Company, a member of the Union, Metropolitan, and 
 otlier clubs, and has received the degrees of M.A. and Ph.D. from the 
 University of Georgetown. ]le was Ixirn in New Orleans, June 3, 
 1S56, the son of William Agar, a native of ('ounty Tarlow, Ireland, 
 who became a prominent New Orleans merchant, and Theresa Price, 
 of Louisville, Ky. He was graduated from the University of George- 
 town, D. C, iu 18TG; in 1S7S completed a course in biology and moral 
 and mental science in the IJonian Catholic University of Kensington, 
 London, and iu 1S80 was graduated from the Columbia College Law 
 School. 
 
 CONSTANT, SAMUEL YICTOK. has been engaged in the practice 
 of Law in New York City since 1SS2, and is solicitor in the United 
 States of the Mercantile Marine Service Association of Great Britain. 
 He has engaged in literary work along both scientific and historical 
 lines, and is a member of the American Academy of Sciences, the 
 American Oriental Society, the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Brit- 
 ain, the American Historical Association, and the historical societies 
 of New York and "^'irginia. He was the first to conceive and one of 
 the organizers of the Society of Colonial Wars. After the death of 
 Martha J. Lamb he carried on for a while the publication of the 
 Magn/.iiic of American History as editor and jiroprietor. He is a 
 member of the Board of Directors of the Young Men's Christian Asso- 
 ciation, and a member of its International Committee. He is a mem- 
 ber of the Building Committee of Columbia University, and has been 
 School Inspector in the Thirteenth District of the city. He is a 
 member of the Lawyers', Psi Upsilon, and Baptist clubs; the Sons of 
 the Revolution, the Founders and Defenders of America, tlie New 
 York State Society of the Founders and Patriots of America, and the 
 Ancient and Honorable Artillery (['ompany. In 1S76 he joined the 
 Seventh Begiment, and is a member of the Seventh Eegiment A'eteran 
 Association, lie was born in this city, attended the Charlier Insti- 
 tute and Dr. Anton's School, was graduated from Columbia College 
 in ISSO, and from Columbia College Law School in 18S2. He is the 
 sou of the late Samuel S. Constant, a prominent manufacturer of this 
 city, and traces his descent from many illustrious ancestors. 
 
 DAYIDSON, GEORGE TRIMBLE, has been engaged in the prac- 
 tice of law iu New York City since 1885, and has been prominent in 
 the arrangement of a number of high social affairs. He was one of 
 
248 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER MEW YORK. 
 
 the ("onuiiittet' of (Jne llmidred which received the foreign guests of 
 the city at the Coliimbi.-ni ( Vlebration of 1S1J3, and has entertained 
 the Infanta Enhilie. Don Antonio of 8pain, Prince Kolaud Bona- 
 parte, the Due de Lerme. tlie Due de \'eragua, the ( Irand Dulce Alexis 
 of liussia. I'riuce Charles de Ilatzfeldt-Wildenberg. the Duke of Marl- 
 boi'ough. and the Due de 'rnnianies. He is a director of the Little 
 Giant Fire Extinguisher Conipany, and a member of the Manhattan 
 and Democratic clubs, the Bar Association of the city, the New Eng- 
 land Society, and the Sons of the Eevolutiou. He is of distinguished 
 descent, the son of the late Colonel ^lathias ()liver Davidson, civil 
 engineer, and his wife, daughter of Cai)tain iMathew .Miles Standish. 
 and was born in Fordham, N. Y., October 21, 1863. He was educated 
 at St. Paul's School. Concord, N. H.. and in 1885 was graduated from 
 the Columbia College Law School at the head of his class. 
 
 WEED, S3IITH MEAD, was engaged in the practice of law in 
 Plattsburgh. N. Y., and New York City, from 1857 to 1883. since 
 
 which date he has not actively 
 practiced. He has been identified 
 with many important corporate 
 enterprises, and at present is Presi- 
 dent of the Hudson l\iver Ore and 
 Iron (Company, has been President 
 of the Chateaugay Ore and Iron 
 Conipany since he organized it in 
 1881, is President of the Chat<'au- 
 gay IJailidad, tlie first raili-oad 
 route into the .Vdirondacks, organ- 
 ized and constructed through his 
 eftVirts; is First Vice-President of 
 the Jose])]! Ladm' Gold Alining 
 and Develo])ment Company, of Yu- 
 kon; is a member of the Advisory 
 Committee of the Soutli American 
 Exploration Coiiijiany, and is a 
 director of the Mutual Automatic 
 Telephoiu' Company, the Auto- 
 matic Telephone and Electric Comiiany, and the Associated Colonies. 
 He was a Democratic Member of the New York Assembly in 1865,1866, 
 and 1867. becoming Democratic candi<late for Speaker and leader of 
 the minority in ISiiC. He was a member of the Constitutional Con- 
 vention of 18(i7. In 1S(>8 the State Senate enqiloyed him as Senior 
 Counsel in the impeachment of Canal Commissioner Dorn. Again 
 elected to the Assembly in 1871, he opposed the Tammany Hall ring, 
 and was assaulted in the Assembly Chamber by Assemblyman James 
 Irving, of New "\'nrk, the hitter being expelled from the Assembly 
 
 SMITH MEAD WEED. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 249 
 
 iu cousfqiieuce. He also served iu the Assembly iu 187::? and ISTi, 
 in the latter year again being candidate of the Democratic minority 
 for Hpeaker. In 1872 he organized the New York and Canada Rail- 
 road Company, and arranging with the Delaware and Hudson ( 'anal 
 Company, of Xew York City, to complete the road, in 1875 he saw the 
 opening of a line connecting the British Provinces with New Y'ork 
 City and the Pennsylvania coal fields. Becoming (ieneral Counsel 
 of the Delaware and Hudson Canal Company in 1873. he established 
 an ottice in New Y'ork City. He has been active in connection with 
 the Nicaragua Canal project. He has also been active in the com- 
 mercial development of the island of .San Domingo, and iu the con- 
 struction of a railroad on that island. He was successful in secur- 
 ing the establishment of a United States Army post at Plattsburgh. 
 N. Y., and was largely instrumental in securing the erection cd' the 
 well-known Plotel (.'hamplain, three miles south of Plattsburgh. He 
 was a prominent Democratic candidate for United States Senator in 
 1890, being defeated by David B. Hill. He married, in 1859. ( 'arrie L.. 
 daughter of Colonel il. M. Staudish. of Plattsburgh, seventli in lineal 
 descent from the famous Captain ^Miles Staudish. Mrs. Weed died in 
 1S8G. leaving two sons and two daughters. The second son Hon. 
 George Staudish Weed, a lawyer of Plattsburgh. has serv(Ml as 
 President of that village. County .Tudg(\ Collector of Customs for the 
 District of Champlain,and twice as. Member of t lie New York Assembly. 
 Mr. Weed was himself born in Belmont, Franklin County, N. Y.. July 
 26, 1833. the sou of Poswell Alcott Weed and Sarah A.', daughter of 
 Smith :Mead. a soldier of the War of 1812. He attended the jnildic 
 schools of Plattsburgh, for live years engaged in mercanlile pur- 
 suits, studied law with Judge Beckwith, of Plattsburgh, and in 1857 
 was graduated from the Harvard Law School, having taken front 
 rank in his class, and twice been elected Speaker of the Dane Law 
 School Assembly. 
 
 BELL, JAMES D., was on the editorial staff of the New York 
 TI'o/'W, most of the time as Literary Editor, from Janu;iry, 1871, to 
 May, 1873, and from the latter date to January. 1877, was on the 
 editorial staff of the New Y'ork /)r//7// (fnipliic. He organized the 
 illusti-ation department of the latter. He also contributed occasional 
 editorials to the (iniiiliic and the New York TiiiKs until 1882. He 
 studied law, and on September IG, 1880, was admitted to the bar, 
 beconiing a member of the tii-ni of Dailey, Bell & Crane, which sub- 
 sequently became Dailey & Bell. Lrom 188t) to 1887 he represented 
 the Nineteenth Ward on the Board of Supervisors of Kings County, 
 and was Chairman of the Law Committee. From 1888 to 1800 he was 
 Commissioner of Police and Excise in the City of Brooklyn. He was 
 Chairman of the Committee which reorganized the Democratic party 
 in Kiui^s Countv in 1894. From 1894 to 189(i he was Cliaiinian of the 
 
250 HISTORY OF THE GREATER Xi:\V YORK. 
 
 DemucintiL- Cicneral Cuimuittee of Kings Couuty, wliile he is its First- 
 Vi(i--Cliaiiui;iii at the prescut time. He is a trustee and Chairman 
 ol" tlie Law Library of Brooklyn, is a trustee and First Mee-President 
 of the Brooklyn Bar Association, is a director and \' ice-President of 
 the Hanover Clul), and is a member of the Brooklyn ("lub. He served 
 in the Federal Army from October 1, IStil, to June 2G, 1865, in the 
 First XeA\' York Mounted IJifles. He is now serving his fourth term 
 as Commander of the Abel Smith-First Long Island Post, Xo. 435, 
 Department of Xew York, Grand Army of the Eepublic. He is also 
 serving his third term as Chaii'man of the Memorial and Executive 
 Committee of the Grand Army of the Kepublic of Kings County. The 
 son of John Bell and Anna M. Sherman, he was born in Xew York 
 City, September 29, 1845. He was educated in the public schools and 
 tlie College of the City of Xew York. 
 
 DANISUX. CUABLES E\'EKETT. has been actively engaged in 
 the practice of law in Xew York City since 1878, and, having made a 
 special study of medical jurisprudence, is a recognized authority in 
 that department. He has been counsel in a number of the famous 
 cases on trial during the past twenty years. He was one of the found- 
 ers of the ^ledico-Legal Society. In 1891 he was a prominent can- 
 didate for the nomination for the State Senate from the First District 
 of the city. He has traveled much abroad, and is an art collector. 
 Me married, in 1885, Mary Eva, daughter of the late James P. Ti'av- 
 ers, long a prominent mei'chant of this city. Mr. Davison was born 
 in Xew Y'ork City in 1857, was educated here and at Heidelberg Uni- 
 versity, Germany, and was graduated from the Law Department of 
 the University of the City of Xew York in 1878. He is the son of 
 the late John Garrett Davison and Sarah Amelia Stanton, his mother 
 beiu"' granddaughter of a Mavor of Duliliu, Ireland, and a cousin of 
 Secretary of ^Var Edwin Stanton. His father, born at Sherburne, 
 X. Y^., was the son of Captain Peter I. Davison, who, although born in 
 England — as was his wife, who had been a ^liss Garrett — served 
 against Great Britain in the ^Var of 1812, having the rank of Cap- 
 tain in the United States anuy. 
 
 SACKETT, TTEXBY W( »( )I)\VABI>, head of the law firm of Sackett 
 & Bennett, is the son of the late Dr. Solon P. Sackett, of Ithaca, X. Y'., 
 and Lovedy K. Woodward. He is the great-grandson of Major Buell 
 Sackett, a. Bcvolutionary olticer of an ohl Bliodc Island family, as lie is 
 also of Sir Benjamin ^Yoodward, the English nattiralist. Born in 
 Enfield, X, Y''., in 1853, he was graduated from Cornell College in 1875; 
 while sttidying law A\as Instructor in Greek and Latin in the Monti- 
 cello JMilitary Academy, and entered Columbia College Law School 
 in 1876. At this period he contributed to the Xew York Trilmiic re- 
 
EN'CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 251 
 
 ports (»f cases in the Conrt of Appeals and United States courts. He 
 was admitted to the bar in 18711, and became associated with tlie late 
 Cornelius A. Eunkle, counsel of the TrUiniiv. Upon the death of Mr. 
 Kunkle in 1888, lie succeeded Iiim in That relation, and since that time 
 has also written the lejjal editorials which have appeared in that jour- 
 nal. He is a member of the Cit.y Bar Association, the Society of iledi- 
 cal Juris] )rudence. Troop A, the Society of Sons of the American 
 Kevolutiou, and the City, Uniyersity, and Twilight clubs. He was 
 married, in IStiG, to Lizzie, daughter of Edmund Titus, of Brooklyn. 
 
 CHAl'lX, ALFIJED CLAIIK, has made an enviable record in jiub- 
 lic life against ring and boss rule. A pronusing young lawyer of 
 Brooklyn, in 1881, and at the age of thirty-three, he was elected to 
 the Assembly as a Democrat by 1,200 majority in a district normally 
 Republican by 2,100. This was in anticipation that he would act 
 independently, and he did so, rapidly familiarizing himself with the 
 legislative machinery and the measures before the body and boldly 
 exposing corrupt and pernicious projects. As Chairman of a special 
 committee he made a fearless report on the receiverships of insolvent 
 insurance companies. He secured the passage of the so-called Chapin 
 primary law, and advocated the princiiiles of home rule for cities. 
 At the close of his term he was tendered a dinner at which Mayor 
 Seth Low spoke. Re-elected in 1882 by 3,(i.">0 majority, he was elected 
 Speaker of the Assembly. In 1883 he was elected State Comptroller 
 by 1G,000 majority, although the candidate for Secretary of State on 
 the same ticket was defeated by 16,000. His administration was able, 
 leading to his re-election. The Western Union Telegraph Company 
 having refused to pay its taxes, whih- a judgment against it was re- 
 turned '• unsatisfied," he drew a bill re(iuiring the corporation to dis- 
 close its property. Witinn twenty-four hours the company paid in 
 •?140,000 of delinquent taxes. In 1887 he was elected Mayor of 
 Brooklyn after an exciting contest, and in 1889 was re-elected by over 
 9,000 majority, the largest ever received by a candidate for that office. 
 " He laid more miles of granite pavement than all his predecessors 
 combined; he built more schoolhouses than had been erected during 
 any three previous administrations; lie increased the ])olici' force 
 of the city more than one-third; he opened small attractive parks in 
 different localities, and thus gave healthful resorts and additional 
 breathing spaces to the people; and he inaugurated the erection of a 
 memorial of the Federal dead more magnificent than any yet projected 
 by any other city in the country — and all this he did without laying 
 any additional burden upon the taxi)ayers." In 1891 he was elected 
 to Congress. Born in South Hadley, ]\Lass., March 8, 181S, he is lineal- 
 ly descended from Samuel Chapin, who was in Xew England prior 
 U) 1036. He was graduated from Williams College in 1869, from 
 the Harvard Law School in 1871. and after studvinti' in a New York 
 
252 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 law office for another year, was admitted to the bar iu 1872. In 1873 
 he be.nan practice in Brooklyn. He was the first President of the 
 Yonnu' Men's Democratic Clnb of that city. He now has business 
 in this city, beini;- Secretary and director of the Land and Security 
 Investment Company, Secretai'y and director of the Screw Dock Com- 
 pany, and director of the Cereals Manufacturing Company. 
 
 BI'JCE, CALVIX STEWAET, United States Senator from Ohio 
 from 1891 to 1897, was eminent alike as a leader of the Democratic 
 party and as a railroad financier. At the time of his death he was Pres- 
 ident of the Lake Erie and Western Eailroad Company, President 
 of the Cincinnati, Jackson and Mackinaw Kailway Company, Presi- 
 dent of the Sault Ste. Marie Brid*ie Company, Vice-President of the 
 Duluth, South Sliore and Atlantic Railway Company, and a director 
 of the Pacific ^lail Steamship (/ompany, the Chase National Bank, 
 the United States Guai'antee Company, the Homer Lee Bank Note 
 Company, the Elkhorn Valley Coal Land Company, the Western 
 Union Beef Company, and the Welsbach Commercial Company. In 
 1888 he became Chairman of the National Democratic Campaign Com- 
 mittee, and while retaining this position in 1889, succeeded the late 
 W. II. Barnum as Chairman of the Democratic National Committee. 
 In January, 1890, he was elected United States Senator frcjm Ohio 
 to succ('e<l Henry B. Payne, his term beginning March i, 1891. Born 
 in Denmark, Ohio, September 17, 1845, he was the son of a IM-esbyteriau 
 clergyman, one of the Brices of Maryland, who claim descent from 
 Sir Alexander Bruce, of Airth, Scotland, and his wife, Janet, daugh- 
 ter of Alexander, fifth Lord Livingston. His mother, Elizabeth Stew- 
 art, of Carrolltoii, .Md., is of the royal Stuarts. He temporarily left 
 ^liami College dniing tlie Civil War for three months' service in Cap- 
 tain 1 >odd"s Uni\ersity Company, and later served in the \'irginia 
 campaign with Captain ^McFarland's University Company, — Com- 
 pany A of the Eighty-sixth Ohio. He was graduated in 18(>3, and the 
 following year organized Company E of the (;)ne Hundred and Eight- 
 ieth Ohio, and served in Tennessee, Georgia, and the Carolinas until 
 the end of the war, attaining the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel. He at- 
 tended the law school of the University of Michigan, was admitted 
 to the Ohio Bar in 1806, and began practice in Cincinnati. He be- 
 came successful as a corporation lawyer and in connection with rail- 
 road interests. In 1870-71 he secured in Europe a loan for the Lake 
 Erie and Louisville Tiailroad, and extended it to the town of Lima. 
 Afterward it became the Lake Erie and Western, and he has been 
 its President since 1887. He was largely instrumental in building 
 the New York, Chicago and St. Louis Railway (the " Nickel Plate "), 
 between Chicago and Buffalo. At different times he had been con- 
 nected with the Chicago and Atlantic, the Ohio Central, the Richmond 
 and Danville, the Riclniumd and ^Vest Point Terminal, the East Ten- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 253 
 
 nessee, the Vii"i;iiiia and (Jeoriiia. the Memphis and Charleston, the 
 Mobih' and I'ii inini;hani, and the Kentneky Central. 
 
 ALLISON. THOMAS, was born in New York City, September 19, 
 ISiO; in 18(30 was i;radnated from t he ( '(dlejie of the Citr of New York, 
 studied law with Hon. John W. Edmonds, and in 18(51 was admitted 
 to the bar. He practiced alone for some years, was head of the law 
 firm of Allison & Shaw for nine years precedinji' May, 1882, and since 
 that date has practiced alone. He was noniinaTed for the IhmhIi of 
 the Court of ("omnion IMeas in 188!l by the (Citizens' movement, the 
 Republican party, and the County Democracy, but the Tammany 
 ticket won throughout. Governor Morton a](pointed liim .Tudiie of 
 the Couil: of ([Jeneral Sessions to 
 succeed the late Hon. Ivandoli)h 1>. 
 Martine, and dnring liis eiglit 
 months' service on this bencli lie 
 adjudicated a number of difticnlt 
 and notable cases, includiuiLi- that 
 of Sheriff Tamsen. The jurors who 
 served under him ]tresented liim 
 with a silver and ivory gavel and a 
 set of resolutions, while nn-mbers 
 of the bar, who had practiced be- 
 fore him, presented a silver service. 
 General Benjamin I'\ Tracy mak- 
 ing the presentation. He was nom 
 inated to succeed himself on this 
 bench in the fall of 1895 by the lU- 
 ])ublican party, the State Democ- 
 racy, and the Good Government 
 clubs, but failed, with the rest of 
 his ticket, though polling more 
 
 votes than any other candidate on the ticket. He refused a])pointment 
 as Corporation Counsel by Mayor Edson in 1885, and in 1896 refused 
 appointment as District Attorney by (governor ^Morton to succeed the 
 late -Tolm IJ. fellows. Early in his jiractice .Tndge Allison gained a 
 reputation in cases involving important (|uesti(uis of municipal law, 
 and in cases of the city he has been employed as special counsel by 
 the corporation counsels from William C. Whitney to the present in- 
 cumbent, irrespective of party lines. He brouglit an enjoinment suit 
 for Hubert O. Thompson when Tammany Hall proposed to initiate 
 one linndred and sixty-seven new meml)ers in order to control the 
 Presidential nomination in the Tilden campaign. Under Mayor Ed- 
 ward Coo])er he secured the rejection by the Senate Committee of the 
 public burdens bill which had passed the State Assembly, and which 
 Mas a device of Tammanv Hall to leuislate tlie County Democracy out 
 
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 THOMAS ALLISON, 
 
254 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 of office. Sole counsel for the city throuiihoiit the Broadway surface 
 railroad litijiation. he obtained the llual injunction restraining the 
 Board of Aldermen from iirantiug the franchise. He represented the 
 city ill i>roceedings to condemn lands for the new si)eedway along the 
 Harlem IJiver, and reduced the claims for damages from |3,500,000 
 to |!2T5,000. He also saved many millions of dollars to the city by 
 defeating the claims of upland owners to easements of access over the 
 tideway in waters surrounding the city. He acted as counsel to the 
 commission to frame the chai'ter of Greater New York, advised it 
 upon many important points, and drew several chapters of the charter 
 and several of the amendments to laws reported by the commission. 
 Judge Allison married, in 1S71, Mary C, daughter of the late William 
 E. ^fillet, of Xew York, and has three daughters, three sons having 
 died. He is himself the son of Michael Allison and Susan Gentil, both 
 natives of New York, as was also his grandfather, Eichard Allison. 
 The latter's wife, Elizabeth TJuckel, was a native of St. Johns, New 
 Brunswick. 
 
 (JEEENE. EICHAIH) HENRY, engaged in the practice of law in 
 Xe\A- York City from about the close of the Civil V^'av until his re- 
 tirement in 1886, was long a member of the law firm of Roosevelt & 
 (ircene. Later he was counsel of a number of the street railways, be- 
 came active in their management, and became president of several. 
 He is now Secretaiw and a director of the New York Genealogical and 
 Biographical Society. He was born, January 12, 1839, was grad- 
 uated from Yale in 1802, and from the Columbia College Law School. 
 He is a member of the Yale and Westside Republican clubs, the So- 
 ciety of [Mayflower Descendants, the Society of Colonial Wars, the 
 Society of American Wars, the Sons of the Revolution, the Society of 
 the War of 1812, the New York Historical Society, the Seventh Regi- 
 ment War Veterans, and the Yale Alumni Association. He married, 
 in 1807. Mary Gertrude, daughter of Captain Edwin Beach Muuson, 
 and Amelia C. Sperry, of New Haven, and has a daughter and a son — 
 ^larshall Winslow Greene. Mr. Greene is himself the son of the late 
 ^^'illiam Webb Greene, merchant of New York City and resident 
 of I'.rooklyn, who was Captain of the Tenth New York and Alderman 
 and Judge in Brooklyn; is grandson of Captain Richard Greene, of 
 East Haddam. Conn., an officer in the War of 1812; is great-grandson 
 of Captain James Green, of the Second Connecticut Horse in the 
 Revolution, and is great-great-graudson of William Greene and De- 
 sire, daughter of John Bacon and Mary Hawes. He descends from 
 John Howland and Elizabeth Tilley. of the Mayflower; from Kenelm, 
 brother of Governor Edward ^Mnslow; from Captain John Gorham 
 and Captain Samuel Marshall, of King Philip's War, and from Ed- 
 mund Hawes. Rev. John Mayo, and Henry Walcott. Through his 
 mother. Sarah A., daughter of Colonel William Whetten Todd, who 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 255 
 
 was busiuL'Ss partiK^r of his uiick', the tirst Johu Jacob Astor, he de- 
 scends from the fouuders of the Roosevelt, Bogaert, Herring, Slegt, 
 and other Dntcli families. 
 
 SLOCnar, henry WAKNKI;, was one of the distingnished gen- 
 erals of the Civil War, and one of tiie most eminent citizens of Brook- 
 lyn. He was the Democratic candidate for Secretary of State in l.Sd.j, 
 at the close of the war, but failed of election. In 1SG8 he was elected 
 to Congress, and re-elected in 187(1, and again in 1884. He was elected 
 President of the Brooklyn Board of (_'ity Works in ISTG. He was also 
 a commissioner of the Brooklyn Bridge, and favored making it free. 
 In the National Democratic conventions of 1888 and 1892 his name 
 was brought forward for nomination as President. He was born in 
 Delphi, N. Y., September 21, 1827; was graduated in 1852, and resigned 
 his commission as First Lieutenant in October, 1856. He then studied 
 and practiced law in Syracuse, and in 1850 was elected to the Assem- 
 bly. Promptly volunteeiing in the Ci^'il War, he was appointedColonel 
 of the Twenty-seventh New York A'olunteers, May 21, 1861. At Bull 
 Run he w'as w'ounded, and immediately afterward was commissioned 
 Brigadier-General of Volunteers, and assigned to General Franklin's 
 Division, Army of the Potomac. He participated in the siege of York- 
 town and at West Point, V"a., and succeeded I^rankliu in the command 
 of the division, May 15, 1862. At < Jaine's Mill he re-enforced Fitz-John 
 Porter at a critical moment, and also distinguishing himself at Glen- 
 dale and Malvern Hill, was commissioned Majiu'-General of Volun- 
 teers, July 4, 1862. He took part in the second battle of Bull Run, 
 South Mountain, and Antietam, and in October, 1862, was given the 
 command of the Tw^elfth Corps, lie was active at Fredericksburg, 
 Chancellorsville, and Gettysburg, with distinction to himself, leading 
 the right w'ing of the army on the last-named field. In August, 1864, 
 he succeeded General Joseph Hooker in command of the Twentieth 
 Corps, and throughout Sherman's Jlarcli to the Sea led the left wing, 
 ])articipating in every action preceding the surrender of <!en- 
 eral Johnston. Resigning from the army in 1865, he began the prac- 
 tice of law in Brooklyn, and was successful and eminent in his pro- 
 fession. 
 
 SL0CF:\I, henry WARNEI:, eldest son of the late Major-General 
 Henry Warner Slocum and his wife Clara, daughter of Israel Rice and 
 Dorcas Jenkins, was born in Syracuse, N. Y., :May 28, 1862; was grad- 
 uated from Yale University in 1883; studied law; was admitted to 
 the bar of the District of Columbia in 1884, and since 1885 has prac- 
 ticed law in Brooklyn and New York City. He is a director of the 
 Williamsburgh City Fire Insurance Company, the New York and 
 Brooklyn Railroad Company, and the Coney Island and Brooklyn 
 Railroad. His clubs include the Rac(piet, Tennis, and I'niversity 
 
256 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Athletic, and lie is a iiicnihcr of the Military Order of the Loyal Le- 
 liion. He married, in 1NS8. (irace, daughter of Heury Edsall aud 
 Eiiioia Jerome, aud granddaughter of Thomas Jerome, eldest brother 
 of Leonard Jerome. Thev have two daughters. 
 
 BUEL, OLIVER PRINCE, was graduated from Williams College 
 in 1859, studied law with his father, the late Hon. David Buel, Jr., 
 and with the late Hon. John K. Porter; was admitted to the bar in 
 1801, and, with the exception of a few years at Troy, N. Y., has prac- 
 ticed law since in New York 
 City. lie has esi)ecially devoted 
 himself to insurance aud corpo- 
 ration law. He is a director of 
 the LTuited States Life In- 
 surance Company, having been 
 its general counsel since 1878, 
 and is also a director of the 
 United States Fire Insurance 
 Company. He is an active 
 member of the City Bar Asso- 
 ciation, and as Chairman of 
 one of its siiccial committees 
 framed a ])roposition to con- 
 S(diilate the courts of this city, 
 which was eventually adopted 
 by incorporation in the new 
 State Constitution. He is a 
 member of the Reform, Hard- 
 ware, and Catholic clubs, being 
 Vice-President of the latter. 
 Reared an Episcopalian, he 
 embraced Catholicism in 1881. 
 He was for four years a resi- 
 dent of Yonkers, and served as 
 a uu'Uiber of its Board of Education and as President of the Demo- 
 cratic Club of that city. Cnder the title, "The Abraham Lincoln 
 Myth," lie has i)ublished a satire on Huxley's assault on Christian 
 evidences. He married, in 187L JoH'jjhiue, daughter of Cliarles [McDou- 
 gall, Surgeon in the L'nited States Army. Through his mother, Har- 
 riet Ilillhouse, as well as through his father, a prominent lawyer 
 of Nortliein New York for neai-ly fifty years, and a member of the 
 Constitutional Convention of 1821, Mv. Buel descends from old Con- 
 necticut families. 
 
 OLIVKR PRINCK BUEL. 
 
 FISKE, HALEY, Avas graduated from Rutgers College in 1871, 
 and, studying law with the New York firm of Arnonx, Ritch & 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 257 
 
 Woodford, was in active practice as a luember of tliat firm until his 
 retirement from i^rofessioual work in IS!J1 to accept tlie office of Vice- 
 President of the Metropolitan Life Insurance Company. He was 
 counsel in the Fayerweather will contest and many other notable 
 cases. At the present time, in addition to the Vice-Presidency men- 
 tioned, he is a director of the National Shoe and Leather Bank and 
 tiie jNIetropolitan Trust Company. He is Treasurer of the Church of 
 St. Mary the Virgin. He is a member of the City Bar Association, 
 and tlie City, Players', (irolier, Churcli, and Delta Phi clubs. He 
 married, in 1S78, ]\[ary (iarrettina Mulford, who died in 188(3, and 
 by Iier had a daujj,hter. By his present wife, Marione Cowles Cush- 
 man, he has a son, Arcliil)ald Falconer Cushman Fiske, and a daugh- 
 ter. Mr. Fiske was born in Xew Brunswick, X. J., March 18, 1852, 
 the son of the late William Henry Fiske and Sarah Ann Blakeney, 
 grandson of Judge Haley Fiske, and great-grandson of Ensign Squire 
 I'iske. Colonel of a Rliode Island regiment in the Revolution. His 
 father was a civil engineer, and at one time connected with the Street 
 Department of this city. His grandfather was Lieutenant in the 
 War of 1812, and a civil engineer, who built the lower locks of the 
 Delaware and Karitau Canal. The first American ancestor, William 
 Fiske, who settled in Salem, Mass., in 1(>37, was a lineal descendant 
 of Lord Symond Fis1<e, who died in IKU, and was in turn grandson 
 of Daniel Fiske, lord of the manor of Stadhaugh, Laxfield, Sutt'olk, 
 England. 
 
 FAK(2t"HAB, PEBCIVAL, has been engaged in the practice of 
 the law in New York City since his admission to the bar in 1886, 
 and is an officer of several important corporations. In 1887 he 
 was President of the Columbus and Hocking Valley Coal and Iron 
 Company, and at the present time is Vice-President and Secretar\- 
 of the McManus Construction Company; Treasurer and Secretaiw 
 of the Atlantic Coast Realty Company, and a director of the New 
 York and Staten Island Land Company. He has been Vice-President 
 of the last mentioned corporation, lie is a member of the firm of 
 A. B. Farquhar & Company, of this city, and a member of the Board 
 of Managers of the A. B. Farquhar Company, of York, Pa. He 
 was an unsuccessful candidate for the Assembly fi'om the Third 
 City District in 1880, but was elected by 2,000 majority in 1890, and 
 re-elected in 1891 and 1892. He was a prominent figure in the Leg- 
 islature, and, in addition to measures relative to the National Guard 
 and the revision of the penal code, was active in connection with 
 ballot reform, introducing and taking charge of the New York City 
 insi>ection bill, tlic jiersonal registration bill, tlie ballot reform 
 amendments, and the bill providing for codification of the laws re- 
 lating to the ballot. He entered the Seventh Regiment in 1887, be- 
 came, in 1888, Second Lieutenant in the Second Battery, and subse- 
 
258 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 qiieutly First Lieutemiiit. lie is a member of the United Service, 
 Tuxedo, Calumet, Reform, Manliattau, IJidiug, Lawyers', Democratic, 
 and University Athletic clubs; the Southern Society, the Seventh 
 Kejiiment Veteran Association, and the Yale Alumni. He was born 
 in York, Pa.; was graduated from Yale in 1884, and from the Colum- 
 bia Law School in lSS(i. His father, Arthur B. Farc^uliar, is the 
 founder and head of the A. B. Farquhar Company, extensive manu- 
 facturers of agricultural implements, and is a well-known writer on 
 political economy. He was a Commissioner of the World's ("olum- 
 bian Exposition, and President of the National Organization of Ex- 
 ecutive Comuiissionei*s. He married Elizabeth X., daughter of Ed- 
 ward Jessop, head of Jessop t^- Fulton, of Baltimore, and President 
 of the Short Jlountain Coal Company- and the Tunnelton Coal Com- 
 pany. Percival Farcjuliar's great-grand- 
 father, Amos Farquhar, was a cotton manu- 
 factui'er of Pennsylvania, wlio subsequently 
 returned to his native Maryland and had 
 charge of a seminary at Fair Hill. Two gen- 
 erations farther back, in the latter part 
 of the seventeenth (-(-ntui-y, William Far- 
 (luliar emigrated from Scotland to Frederick 
 County, Maryland, his ancestors having been 
 chieftains of the Scottish clan of Farquhar. 
 Through his mother, Mr. Farquhar descends 
 from Eobert Brook, a cadet of the house of 
 Warwick, who was born in London in 1602; 
 in lG3r> maiiicd .Maiy iiaker, daughter of IJoger Mainwaring, Dean 
 ol \\ niccstei, and in l(i50 emigrated to Charles County, Maryland, 
 lie commanilcd (he troops of his county and was President of the 
 Council of Maryland. 
 
 F'ERCIVAL FAKQUIIAK. 
 
 i\IcCULLOUGH, JOHN GRIFFITH, following a successful profes- 
 sional career in San Francisco, in 1873 established himself in the 
 practice of law in New York City, devoting himself to railroad, com- 
 mercial, and banking business. From 1873 to 1883 he was Vice- 
 President and General Manager of the Panama Railroad Company, 
 wliile from 1883 to 1888 he was its President. He became a director 
 of the P^rie Railroad Company in 1884. and since 1888 he has been 
 Chairman of its Executive (J!ommittee. He has been President of 
 the Chicago and Erie Railroad Company since its oi'ganization in 
 1890. He is President of the Bennington and Rutland Railway Com- 
 pany, and is President of the First National Bank of North Benning- 
 ton, Yt. He is a trustee of the New York Security and Trust Com- 
 pany, is a director of the Fidelity and Casualty Company, is a trustee 
 of the Buffalo Creek Railroad Company, and is a director of the Erie 
 and TVyoming Valley Railroad Company. He is a member of the 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 )9 
 
 Metropolitan, rnioii League, Tuxedo, Univei'sity, Lawyers;", Faim, 
 and Tiu'f and Field clubs, and the Society of the Sons of the American 
 Revolution. He is of Scotch and Welsh descent, and was born near 
 Newark, Del. He was liraduated ivoni Delaware ('ollege, and studied 
 law with St. George Tucker Campbell, of Pliiladelphia, at the same 
 time attending the law school of the University of Pennsylvania, from 
 which he was gradiiated in 1859. <Jn account of his health he estab- 
 lished himself in law practice in Mariposa County, California. He 
 co-operated with General Sumner in the successful effort to prevent 
 secession in California. He was elected to the Assembly of that State 
 in 1861, and to the Senate the following year. In 1863 he was the 
 successlid Kepublican candidate for Attorney-General of the State. 
 Ketiring from this office in 1867, he became head of a. law firm in San 
 Francisco, which rai)idly acquired a reputation. In 1871, he married 
 Eliza Hall, daugiitcr of Trenor W. Park, and granddaugliter of Gov- 
 ernor Hiland TTall, of Vermont. 
 
 EIKER, SAMUEL, admiTted to the bar in 18.53, was engaged in the 
 practice of law in New York City continuously fioui tlml date until 
 his retirement, January 1, 18!)3. 
 
 During his forty years of practice " " 
 
 he occupied a prominent place 
 among the real estate lawyers of 
 New York. He is Treasurer of the 
 Good Samaritan Dispensary, and 
 is a member of the Bar Association 
 of the City of New York and tlie 
 New York State Bar Association. 
 He was born in Newtown, Queens 
 County, N. Y., April 10, 1832, of 
 Dutch and English ancestry. His 
 great-grandfather, Samuel Piker, 
 was a Revolutionary soldier, while 
 he is fifth in descent from Abra- 
 ham Rycken, who emigrated from 
 Holland to New Amsterdam in 
 1638. His father, the late John 
 Lawrence Rikei', and his uncle. 
 Richai'd Riker, were both well- 
 known lawyers, the latter especially so, being District Attorney of 
 New Yorlc Count}- from 1801 to 1813, and Recorder of the City of New 
 York from 1815 to 1838. Mr. Piker's mother was Lavinia Smith. 
 
 SAMl'EL KIKKK. 
 
 ALLING, ASA ALLING, member of the law firm of Kenneson, 
 Grain & Ailing, was born in this city, May 4, 1862, and is the son of 
 the late J. Sackett Ailing, a merchant of New York, and Anna E. 
 
260 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Bertine. He was? graduated from Cornell University in 1883, being 
 one of the orators of his class, and having taken the Woodford prize 
 for oratory, and in 18S5 was graduated from the Columbia College 
 Law School and admitted to the bar. He has been active in Demo- 
 cratic politics. He is a director of the American University Magazine 
 Publishing Coinjiany, and has been a governor of the Democratic 
 Club. He is also a member of tlie ^Metropolitan, University, Manhat- 
 tan, Reform, Cornell University, and Dutcliess County clubs, the Bar 
 Association of the city, and various societies. He is a grandson of 
 Judge Asa Ailing, of Dutchess County, New York, and lineally de- 
 scended from Roger Ailing, one of the pi-omincnt founders of New 
 Haven Colony in 1G39, its treasurer, and sul)se'iuently a judge. 
 Through his mother he descends from Pierre Bertine, a Huguenot of 
 gentle blood, who fled from France to South Carolina as a religious 
 refugee, and subsequently settled in Westchester County, New York. 
 In 1894 Mr. Ailing married Louise Floyd-Smith, of distinguished an- 
 cestry. 
 
 BOOTHBY, JOHN WILLIAM, attended the high school of Pitts- 
 field, 111.; in 1873 was graduated from Cornell Univer.sity; in 1877 was 
 gradiiated from Columbia College Law School; began law practice 
 in the office of Hon. Martin J. Keogh at New Rochelle; in 1879 formed 
 a partnei"ship at Port Chester, N. Y. ; in 1881 became a member of the 
 firm of Keogh & Boothby, of this city, and has been a member of 
 other firms. From the retirement from the bench, in 1890, of Hon. 
 Henry A. Gildersleeve until his election to the Superior Court Bench 
 in l,s91,he was a member of the firm of Gildersleeve, Palmer& Boothby. 
 He is now a member of the finn of Warren, Boothby & Warren. For 
 four years he Avas a director and counsel of the New York Press. In 
 Gildersleeve vs. Lester ef ah, he secured the imposition of a fine of 
 fG9,000 on one of the defendants, the largest ever im^josed in the 
 State, at the same time establislung in the Court of Appeals the right 
 of one trustee to maintain action against the others and compel resti- 
 tution of property to the corporation. In 1891 he was admitted to 
 practice in the United States Supreme Court. He is a member of the 
 City Bar Association and the Cornell University and Church clubs, 
 and is a vestryman of Trinity Church, New Rochelle, where he has a 
 country-seat. He married, in 1884, Lilla, daughter of James A. Mc- 
 Dougall, United States Senator from California. He was himself born 
 in Rawdon, Yorksliire, Enghuid, July 21, 1848, the son of John Booth- 
 by and Eliza E. Eastwood. When be was two years of age his parents 
 emigrated to Pike County, 111., where his father became a farmer and 
 business man, and was president of an insurance company. 
 
 MILLER, ISAAC NEWTON, was graduated from Hamilton Col- 
 lege in 1873, from its law school the following year, and having also 
 taken a post-graduate course at the Colunihia College Law School, 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 261 
 
 beyan practice in New Ydi'l; City, lie likowi,«e iiiaiut;iiiis an (illice 
 in Jersey City. He was tlie unlv atlm-ney to recover damages IVdui 
 tlie ProA-idence and 8tc(nini;ton Stcanisliin ('onipany for tlie loss of 
 life in the Narraj;'ansett disaster, (his victory being won after eiiilit 
 years of litigation. He was counsel in Ledyard vs. Bull, in which 
 the administrators of the late Asa Worthington, United States ^lin- 
 ister to I'eru, sought an acconnting fi-oni II. \V. Worthingtou. The 
 verdict of $50,000 which he secured in the case of Buchanan vs. Foster 
 is the largest amount ever awarded a. woman in an action against 
 another woman for alienation of a husband's affections. He has also 
 conducted important cases in the llnglish courts, one of which, now 
 jiending in the British Court of Appeals, involves $2,000,000. Mr. 
 .Miller was born in .\ugnsta, Oneida County, N. Y., October 22, 1851, 
 the son of Isaac < '. .Miller and ICIizabeth Wood. His grandfather, 
 Isaac Miller, a native of Connedicut, was the first white settler in 
 Oneida. County. New York, where he acciuired large tracts of laud. 
 A cousin of Mr. .Miller, Hon. W. H. H. Miller, was Attorney-Genc^ral 
 in tlie ('abiiiel <il' I'resideiil itenjaiiiin Harrison, wliese law partner 
 he had ]ire\i<iusly been. 
 
 GREENBACM. SAMUEL, member of the law firm of Hays & 
 Cireenbanm, and a director nf the Park Hill Company and C. Gra- 
 ham tJi: Sons' Company', was bnin in Lnndon. lOngland, January 23, 
 1854, the son of Lewis Greenl)aum and IJachel Schlesinger. Bi'ought 
 to New Yoi-k when two years of age. he attended the public schools of 
 this city, and in 1S72 was graduated from the College of the City of 
 New Y'ork. During the next five years he was a teacher in the public 
 schools, at tlie sann- time reading law in the offices of Van Sich'u, Gil- 
 dersleeve & Baldwin, and attending the Columbia College Law School. 
 In ISir. lie was graduated from the latter, and admitted to the bar. 
 I'rom 1875 to 1877 lie was associated with the- firm of Van Siclen, Gil- 
 dersleeve & Baldwin, for several years subsequent to 1877 was en- 
 gaged in practice alone, and since 1884 has been in partnershiji with 
 Daniel V. Hays under the firm style which still continues. This (irm 
 were counsel for (Jeneral Daniel E. Sickles, in the investigation of the 
 abuses in the Sheriff's office, after ids apjiointmeut to succeed Sheriff 
 Flack, in this city. 3Ir. Greenbanni is I'resident of the Aguilar Free 
 Library, is First Vice-President of the Educational Alliance, having 
 been active in the erection of new buildings for the latter, and for 
 several years was President of the Young Glen's Hebrew Association, 
 of New York City. He is a member of the Beform and Democratic 
 clubs. I lie State Bar Association, tlie l!ai' Association of the City of 
 New York, the Jurisprudence and State Medical Association, the 
 Legal Aid Society, the Mt. Simii IIosi)ilal, the Hebrew- Orphan Asy- 
 lum, and the Hebrew Technical Inst itute. He is also a member of the 
 Indi pendent Older of Odd Fellows. In .March, 1888, he mai'ried Se- 
 
262 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 lina. (laii^litm- (if Israel I'lliuau. of New York City, and has two sous — 
 Lawrence S. and Edward S. Ureenbanm, and two daughters — Grace 
 find Isabel. 
 
 \\AI;I;EN, ilia DEFUIJEST, has been engaged in the inaetiee of 
 law in New York City siuce 1852. He was associated with Edward 
 Saudford from 1852 until Mr. l8andford"s death in 1854; from 1854 to 
 18(il practiced aloue, was the partner of ^Yilliam Z. Earned, under the 
 style of Earned & Warren from 18G1 to 1897, and since the latter date 
 has been a member of the firm of ^Yarl•ell, Boothby iV: ^Yarren. his 
 
 partners being his brother, Lyman 
 E. Warren and John W. Boothby. 
 He was for uuiny years a director 
 of the New York Keal Instate Ex- 
 change, and is a member of the Bai- 
 Association of the City of New 
 York, the 8tate Bar Association, 
 and the Manhattan and Lawyers' 
 clubs. He was born in Albany, 
 X. Y., r>ecember 31. 183L attended 
 the ptiblic schools of tliat city and 
 the academy at Cazenovia, X. Y., 
 taught school between the ages of 
 seventeen and twenty, studied law 
 with Hon. Horatio r>ullard A. 
 <'ortland. of Cortland County, New 
 York, and was admitted to the bar 
 in September. 1852. He is the son 
 of Rev. Ira I). \Yarren and Eliza 
 Caldwell, his father being a 
 well known throughout the State of 
 New York. His paternal ancestors were seated in Ifoxbury. ^lass., 
 previous to 1740. 
 
 lUA liKFUllKSl UAUltKN. 
 
 Methodist Episcopal clcr: 
 
 vmai 
 
 HUNT, JAMES MONKOE, was admitted to the bar in 1882, and 
 since that time has been engaged in the ju-actice of his profession in 
 New Y'ork City. He has been counsel for the Elevated Kailroad 
 companies of both New Y'ork and Brooklyn in the trial of important 
 cases, as he has also for the Third Avenue Ifailroad Company, and 
 the Tradesmen's Insurance Company of New Y'ork. Since 1892 he has 
 likewise been Corporation Counsel for the city of Y'onkers, and has 
 been remarkably successful with cases carried into the ('ourt of Ap- 
 peals. He is a member of the City and Alpha Delta Phi clubs of New 
 Y'ork City, the Palisade Boat Club of Y'onkers, and the IJochester 
 University Alumni. He was born in East Clarence, Erie County. 
 N. Y., April 0. 185S, tlie son of IJev. Harrison P. Hunt and Caroline 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 263 
 
 Holmes. Uu the paternal side bis aucestoi's were origiually from 
 Benuiugtou. Yt., wliile on the maternal side they were among the 
 early settlers of Oswego County, Kew York. He attended the public 
 schools, the Brockport State Normal School, and in ISSO was grad- 
 uated from the University of Rochester, from which be subsequently 
 received the degree of Master of Arts. He studied law in New Y'ork 
 City, with the firms of Deaue & Chamberlain and Fraser & Minor, 
 and was admitted to the bar in November, 1882. On June 5 of the 
 same year he married Normie L., daughter of Abram M. Fanning, of 
 New York City. 
 
 BURKILL, MIDDLETON SHOOLBEED, since 1884 has been a 
 member of the law firm of Burrill, Zabriskie & Burrill, of which bis 
 father, the late John Ebenezer Burrill, was long the head. He was 
 born in New Y'ork City, October 16, 1858; prepared for college under 
 tutors and at a private school; in 1879 was graduated from Harvard, 
 and in 1881 Avas admitted to the bar, having studied in a law office 
 and attended the Columbia College Law School. He is a member of 
 the Union, Knickerbocker, and Eockaway Hunt clubs, the Downtown 
 Association, the Bar Association of the city, and the Sons of the Eevo- 
 lutiou. He married, in 1885, Emilie Neilson, daughter of William 
 Hnde and Caroline Neilson. 
 
 GAEDEN, HUGH EICHAEDSON, lawyer, was born at Sumter. 
 S. C.. July n, 1840. His paternal great-grandf:ithers were Chancellor 
 de Saussur(- and Chief Justice Gibbes, of South Carolina, the former 
 of Huguenot the latter of English descent. The grandfather of Mr. 
 Garden, \Yilmot S. (lildies, was a South Carolina planter, one of seven 
 brothers, two of whom removed to New York. Ilis mother's family, 
 prior to tlie Ecvohition, was of Yirginia. Her grandfather. General 
 Buford, served witli distinction under General Greene. Her grand- 
 father, William Eichardson, a descendant of William Eichardson, of 
 Jamestown. A'a., was a member of the South Carolina Provisional 
 Congress and Council of Safety and Captain in the Continental Army. 
 The name. Garden, was inherited from Major Alexander Garden, who 
 marr-ied the sister of Wilmot S. Gibbes. ^Major Garden was the grand- 
 son of the Ecv. Alexander Garden, head of the Church of England 
 in the Caroliiias for years prior to the Eevolution. Major Garden's 
 two children died without issue, and Mr. Hugh R. Garden's father, 
 Alester (Jarden Ctibbes, by special Act of the Legislature, assumed 
 the name of Alester Garden. The latter was graduated from South 
 Carolina College in 1830, married Elizabeth Eichardson, and prac- 
 ticed law at Sumter and C(dumbia. Hugh E. Garden was graduated 
 from the South Carolina College in 1800. Tlie Civil War breaking 
 out. he entered the service of his State, and from Sumter to Appomat- 
 tox saw active service in the field. He was authorized by the Con- 
 
2(U HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 federatt' GoTeruiueiit to raitso and equip an artillery conipauy, to be 
 named the " Palmetto Battery." In the campaigns from ^^ecoud Man- 
 assas to AppomatTox tliis batteiy performed an important part. After 
 the war he studied at tlie law school of the University of Mrginia. 
 He commenced the practice of law with his great-uncle, Hon. W. F. 
 de ISaussure, at Colunihia, S. (\ Unable to endure the misrule of 
 reconstruction, he movc-d to Mrginia, and resided for fifteen years at 
 Warrenton, where he practiced in the State and Federal courts. He 
 married Lucy Gordon ]\obertson, daughter of the Hon. William J. 
 Eobertson, formerly Judge of the Supreme Court of Appeals of Vir- 
 ginia, lie was counsel in the Mrginia Midland Railroad reorganiza- 
 tion. In 1883 he removed to New York. The settlement of the Vir- 
 ginia State Debt has engrossed much of his time. This problem had 
 for tw( nty-five years i>erpl(»x(Hl the ablest financiers and statesmen 
 of this country and England, but at last, through the admirable woi'k 
 of a committee, at once a jieace commission and a council of equity, 
 confidence was restoi-ed and a basis of settlement carried into effect. 
 ,Mr. (iai-den was for two years President of the Xew York Southern 
 Society, and donated to it a Southern historical libraiy. In 1892 the 
 I'niversity of the South (-(inferred u])on him the degree of Doctor of 
 ( "ivil Laws. In connection with tlie New York Columbian < 'elebration 
 in October, 18'J2, Mr. <4ardcn was ajjpointed. by tlie [Mayor of New 
 York, Chairman of the Special IJeception Committee, to rec(Mve and 
 ent( itain the guests of the city. He is a DeuKM-rat in politics. 
 
 GRIFFITH, JOHN S., was educated at Whitestowii Seminary. 
 N.Y.; Hamilton Cdllege. and (Columbia College Law Scliool; also read 
 law at Utica, N. Y., and there was admitted to the bar in 1883. In 
 1879 he took the first ]iri/>e for oratory at the Ilion Opera House in a 
 competition open to all undergiaduates in the State. He has for many 
 years been engaged in the practice of law in Brooklyn, and is a 
 member of the Democratic County Committee of Kings County. He 
 has published poems which have attracted consi(leral)le attention, 
 inchiding " Margaret Lee," which has been republished in Fngland. 
 He was born in New York [Mills. N. Y., September 8, 18(11. and is the 
 son of Lewis Grifiith and Ellen Williams and the grandson of Hugh 
 th'iffith. His father was a ]ironiinenr resident of Oneida County, 
 NcAv York, for more than forty years, engaged in the manufacture of 
 cotton goods. His uncle, Samuel Williams, successively was editor of 
 the Utica Herald, the Albany Jnuriuth and the San Francisco lltilldiii. 
 
 LAUTERBACH, EDANAIH), a member of the New York law firm 
 of Morrison, Lauterbach & Spingarn, from his admission to the bar in 
 1804 until the death of Mv. S])ingarn, has been a member of that of 
 Hoadly, Lauterbacli ^: Jolmson since 1887, when ex-G(5vernor lloadly, 
 of Ohio, established himself in law practice in this city. Mr. Lauter- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 205 
 
 bach has been conspieiinus in larnc corporation cases, and esitecially 
 in those inA'olvinji' the affairs of railroads. He is at present a director 
 and Vice-President of tlie ]\ranrice Grau Opera Company, and a direc- 
 tor of tlie Third Aveune Railroad Company, the Brooklyn Elevated 
 Railroad Conipany,theDry Dock, East Broadway and Battery Railroad 
 Company, the Forty-second t^treet, Manhattanville and St. Nicholas 
 Avenue Railway, the Consolidated Telejiraph and Electric Snbway 
 Company, the Empire City Traction Company, the Safety Car Heatins; 
 and Lighting' Company, the O'Donnell Steel Trnck Company and 
 Abbey, Schoeffel and Gran. He has snccessfnlly promoted several 
 notable enterprises. He secured the incoi-poration of the new East 
 River Bridge Company, the chai'ter of which provides for the erection 
 of two bridges from a single point in "New York to different points 
 in Tirooklyn, with a crosstown ele- 
 vated road from the New York ter- 
 mimis to the Hudson River. He 
 was active in effecting the consoli- 
 dation of the Union and Brooklyn 
 El(nat('d roads, and secured im- 
 ]ioi-tanl legislation favorable to the 
 Consolidated Telegraph and Elec- 
 tric Subway Company. He was 
 active in the reorganization of the 
 Philadelphia and Reading Rail- 
 T'oad Comjiany. He was instrn- 
 niental in obtaining government 
 subsidies for the Pacific 3Iail 
 Steamshi]! Comjiany. He was a 
 member of the Committee of Thirty 
 for the reorganization of the Re- 
 IMiblican ( )i'ganization in the Conn- ~ 
 ty of New \'ork, and soon after be- 
 came Chairman of the Republican 
 
 County Committee. In the Constitutional Convention of 1894 he was 
 one of three delegates-at-large from New York ('ity, and was made 
 (Chairman of the Committee on Public Charities. He is a member of 
 the Advisory Committee of the Republican State Committee. He was 
 Delegate-at-large from the State of New York in the Republican 
 National ('onvention of 1S9(>, was member for New York on the Com- 
 mittee on Resolutions, and was one of the sub-committee of five 
 apjiointed to di'aft a platform, being especially active in connection 
 with the forming of the financial plank which furnished the issue of 
 the cam])aign on which President McKinley was elected. Mr. Lauter- 
 bacli was born in this city, in old Greenwich village, August 12, 1811, 
 was educated in the New York ])ublic schools, and was graduated 
 witli honors from the College of the City of New York, of which 
 institution he is now the Vice-President. 
 
 EDWARD LAUTERBACH. 
 
266 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 CLEMENT, GEORGE ANSEL, Ixnii in New York ("ity, February 
 22, 1S51, attended the imhlii- scIkkiIs utkI Dr. (iuaekeubos's Colle^^iate 
 School, and studied law with the late famous Charles O'Conor and 
 Benjamin F. Dunning. Admitted to the bar in 1872, during the next 
 two years he practiced law in Orange County, New York, while also 
 editor of the Port Jervis Gazette. He then returned to this city, where 
 be has continuously practiced since. He was for some time a partner 
 of Horatio C. King until the latter removed to Brooklyn. He assisted 
 in compiling the earlier editions of Bliss's Annotated Code, edited an 
 edition of " Court IJules," and is tlie author of the '' Fire Insurance 
 Digest." He has been the successful counsel in many important mer- 
 cantile and fire insurance cases, and is a member of the Bar Asso- 
 ciation of the city, the Law Institute, and the State Bar Association. 
 He was an officer of the Ninth liegiment, on the staff of Colonel Sew- 
 ard. The son of William J. Clement, his ancestors on his father's side 
 were among the first settlers of Haverhill, Mass., and were prominent 
 in public affairs. 
 
 CLEPHANE, JOHN OGILVIF], patent solicitor and promoter, is 
 President of the Loidce Steel Belt Company, President of the Horton 
 Basket Machine Company, Secretary of the National Typographic 
 Company, and a director of the jMergenthaler Linotype Company, 
 the New Y'ork Stenographic Company, and the Voelker Light Com- 
 pany. He was born in Washington, D. C, February 21, 1842, of 
 Scotch parentage. He early learned stenography, became proficient, 
 and reported nearly all the important court trials in Washington at 
 one time. He Avas one of the first in the country to use the typewriter, 
 and aided its inventor to ini]>rove the first Remington machines. Be- 
 ginning to assist inventors in taking out patents, he encmiraged Ott- 
 mar to perfect his typesetting machine. In 1892 he was elected Presi- 
 dent of the Linotype Reporting and Printing Company. He was also 
 active in develoijing the Graphophone, while at his suggestion was 
 devised the Fowler & Henkle press, which enables presswork to be 
 done directly from the Linotype without the necessity of stereotyping. 
 
 KELLOGG, LUTHER LAFLIN, head of the New York law firm of 
 Kellogg, Rose & Smith, was born in Maiden, Ulster County, N. Y., 
 July 1, 1819. His ancestors were English. He descends from Daniel 
 Kellogg, who settled in Norwalk, Conn., in 1635. His father was 
 graduated from the Troy Polytechnic Institute, was a merchant, and 
 was President of the Bigelow Bhiestonc Company. Ilis grandfather, 
 Luther Laflin, established notable works for the manufacture of 
 powder. JMr. Kellogg was graduated from Rutgers College in 1870. 
 Two .years later he was graduated fi-om the Columbia College Law 
 School. He was also a student in tlic office of Hon. James Emott, 
 at one time Judge of tlie Siipiciiie Court of the State of New York, 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW \'( iRK BIOGRAPHY. 267 
 
 aud also a Juil^t' ol:' the Court of AiJpcals. I'roiii 1872 to 1874 lie 
 was a member of the new firmlof Emott, Ilaiiiiiiond i: Stickney. From 
 1874 to 1890 he praeticed niKh'r Ids own name, lu 1890 he formed 
 the firm of Kellogg, iJose & Sniiili. Wldle engagtMl in general prac- 
 tice, he has made a specialty of nninicijial law. He argued before 
 the Judiciary Committee of the New ^'tlrk Legislature for the passage 
 of the ilechanics' Lieu Act, establishing the right for material men 
 to lien city moneys. This measure, drafted by him, was enacted into 
 law. He was counsel for the contractors in the Kiverside Drive liti- 
 gatiou and in the Aijueduct suits. He has been a director in a num- 
 ber of corporations engaged i)i the manufacture of powder, including 
 the Continental Powder Manufacturing Company aud Die rho'uix 
 Powder Manufacturing Comiiany. He is now a director in the AN'ash- 
 ington Insuiance Comiiany ami the Coloiual Insurance Company. 
 He is President of tlie Colonial Club of the City of New York, aud a 
 governor in tliat club and in the Delta Phi Club. He is also a uumu- 
 ber of the Manliattan, Players', Lawyers', Suburban, Coney Island 
 -loekey, Fort Orange, and Norwood <i(df clubs, and the Bar Asso- 
 ciation. He is a vestryman in .Ml Angels' Church. He was for 
 several years Chairman of the Charily Organization Society for tlic 
 Eighth District. His wife is a daughter of the late :Ma.ior-(ieueraI 
 John P. :Ma(Intosli. T'. S. A. ilr. Kellogg is himself a nephew of 
 John Pigelow, formerly Fnited States Audiassador to France. 
 
 CIIFPCH, JA:\IES CONODON, lawyer, of P.rooklyn, born in Wick- 
 ford, K. L, May 21, ISOl, is the son of Thomas T. and Phebe F. Church, 
 botli descendants of Colonel I'.enjamin Church, who settled in Massa- 
 chusetts shortly after the first voyage of the Mayflower, and was 
 in military command of the colonists. PcMuoving at an early age to 
 New Utrecht, L. I., ilr. Clnncli was educated in the public 
 scjiools of Prooklyn, and studied law with :Morris & Pearsall. He was 
 admitted to the bar in September, 188:5. Continuing with Morris & 
 Pearsall tmtil 1887, he then formed the jiresent i)artuership with Cor- 
 nelius I'urgueson, Jr. In connection with these corporations he was 
 chielly instrumental in orgaiu/Jng one of the most iniiiortant street 
 railway systems in the country. He has ajiiteaicd in many imiior- 
 tant cases. He is counsel and au officer of the Nassau Electric Kail- 
 road Comjiany aud the Kings County Electric Kailway Couipany. 
 
 BAKEK, SEWAKD, educated in the public schools of Pougldceep- 
 sie, stndieil law witli Hon. Milton A. Fowler and with Ilackett c& 
 ^^'illiams, of that city; in 1875 was admitted to the bar; practiced at 
 Amenia, N. Y., from 1875 to 1881 ; during the next two years practiced 
 at Ponghkeei>sie, and since 188:5 has been engaged in general civil 
 practice in New Y'ork City, making corporation and real estate law 
 a s])ecialty. Having become a resident of the town of West Chester, he 
 
2(58 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 was active iu oonnectiDii with its aiuiexatioii to New York City iu 
 1SD5. He was special counsel under retainer from the former Cor- 
 poration Counsel, and has been retained by the present incumbent 
 of the office iu connection with lands uniler water and dock privileges, 
 especially in the territory annexed in lyilo. He is a member of the 
 City Bar Association, the North Side Board of Trade, and the Tax- 
 I)ayers" Alliance. Born iu Union Vale, N. Y., December 30, 1S53, he 
 is the son of Kausom Baker and Ophelia, daughter of Peter Lossiug, 
 and descends from Thomas Baker, who emigrated from England to 
 l>'h()dc Island prior to the Kevolution and subse<|nently removed to 
 Dutchess County, New York. His maternal ancestors came from Hol- 
 land and eventually settled in the suine cotiuty. Benson J. Loosing, 
 the late historian, was Mr. Baker's secdiid cotisin. 
 
 IMrCALT.. EDWAKD EVERETT, since his admission to the bar 
 in iss.-,. lias liciMi engaged in law i)ractice in Xew York City. He was 
 
 for some time attorney of the New 
 York ^lutual Life Insurance Com- 
 l)any, haA-ing charge of its real es- 
 tate examinations for Brooklyn. 
 He then formed the present firm of 
 IMcCall cS: Arnold, of which he was 
 head. They have devoted them- 
 selves almost exclusively to real es- 
 tate and corporation work. They 
 were formerly attorneys of the 
 l*jiuital)le Life .Vssurance Society. 
 I'or several years ilr. McCall has 
 been attorney of the New York Life 
 Insuiance Comi)any. He is a di- 
 rrclor of the Park Building and 
 Loan .Vssociation, the Lawyers* 
 Eiigiuccriug and Surveying Com- 
 l)any, and the National Exhibition 
 Company. ^Ir. McCall was coun- 
 sel of Police Ins])ect()r AMlliam ^V. 
 McLaughlin throughout his recent difficulties, and the hitter's con- 
 viction before Judge Barrett he succeeded in I'eveising in the Court 
 of Appt'als, with affirniancc of the same by the Ajipellate Division 
 of the Supreme Court. Mr. :\IcCall is a member of the New York 
 Athletic and Lawyers" clubs. He married, in 1886, Ella F., daughter 
 of Thomas S. daynor, and has two children. He was himself born in 
 Albany, N. Y., January 6, 1863, the son of John IMcCall and Catherine 
 McCormac. He attended the Albany High School, was graduated 
 from Union College; in 1884 was graduated from the Law Depart- 
 ment of the T'niversity of New York, and during the following year 
 
 KDWAKI) K\KI1KTT McCALL. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 269 
 
 continued to read law iu the office of David R. Jaqiies, Dean of the 
 Law Department of the Uuiversity of New York. 
 
 (WnOONE, inCPIAKDS MOTT, has been engaged iu the practice 
 of law iu Broiiklyu since ISiJo, during which time he has also been 
 Brief Clerk in the office of the Public Administrator of Brooklyn. 
 He has beeu engaged in several series of extended litigations arising 
 from some half dozen important estates. He is a member of the Poly- 
 technic and Crescent Athletic clubs, and the Polytechnic Dramatic 
 Association. Born in Brooklyn, June 11, 1872, he was educated at the 
 Polytechnic Institute of Brooklyn, the Columbia College Law School, 
 and the New York Law School, and in 1S93 was graduated from 
 the latter, ruin hiiidr, being admitted to the bar in September of the 
 same year. He is the sou of Andrew Mott Cahoone and Mary Kich- 
 ards, daughter of Daniel Penfield Parker and Caroline Fitch Kit li 
 ards; is the grandson of Stephen Cahoone and Matilda Mott; the 
 great-grandson of Stephen Cahoone and Ans-tis Sayre; the great-great- 
 grandson of James Cahoone and Phoebe Wilcox, and descends from 
 the Scottish clan of ("olquehoun. of whicli the famous John C. Calhoun 
 was a distinguished American representative. His father, Andrew 
 :\[ott Cahoone, while a resident of Brooklyn, is a well-known stock- 
 broker of New Y'ork, a member of the Brooklyn and New Y'ork Yacht 
 clubs, and for many years a governor of the New York Stock Ex- 
 change. 
 
 GEOSS, MICHAEL C., lawyer, was born in this city February 18, 
 1838. and is of Cerman descent. He attended the German schools of 
 the city until his eleventh year, and during the next three years at- 
 tended English institutions. When sixteen he began the study of law 
 in the office of Daniel UUmaun and Charles C. Egan. In IS.'iT he 
 became the junior member of the firm of Egan & Gross, althougli not 
 until 18(;o could he be admitted to the bar. In his seventeenth year 
 he Ix'came interested in jtolitics. In 18(it) he was elected lirst Vice- 
 J'rcsideut of the German Democratic organization of the city, and 
 subsKiuently was its President. From 18t;i to 1864 he represented 
 the Fifth Senatorial District as Councilman. He was elected to the 
 bench of the Marine (now City i Court iu 18(35, and was re-elected in 
 ]8(;0 by the then immense majoi-ity of r)2.()tl0 votes. While on the 
 bencli he establislied many precedents which were sustained by the 
 higher courts. His sound decision u]ion tlie "Legal Tender" ques- 
 tion was based upon the same grounds as given subsequently by the 
 T'nited States Supreme Court. The Marine Couri had many suits in 
 wliich tlie interests of tlie s]n]>ownei-s, ca]>taius, and sailors were adju- 
 dicated. Th(- comidaints of sailors against ca])taius for assault ui>ou 
 the high seas were numerous, and redress was souglit in this tribunal. 
 It often occurred that the complaints wei-e eitlier frivolous or iin- 
 
270 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 foiiiuk'd, vet, if till' (•(Uii-ts were not in session, tlie defendant bad to 
 s]»eii(l a ni^lit or more in jail. With the assistance of his associate, 
 -Judge Alker, Judge (jvoss i-efoinied this abiise. He retired from the 
 bench January 1, 1876, and resumed law practice. He is a member 
 of the ytate Bar Association, Ueutscher Verein, the German Society, 
 the Liederkrauz, the German Hospital, and the Isabella Home. 
 
 LE^'I, JOSEPH CHARLES, lawyer, born in Cincinnati, Ohio, Feb- 
 ruary 27, 1S39, is the son of Chai-les Levi, and grandson of George 
 and Judith Levi. His father came to tlie United States from England 
 about 1S29, married in New York in 1830, and was a merchant in 
 Cincinnati from 1832 to 1813. In 1813 he returned to New York City. 
 ^fr. Levi was graduated in 1851 from the Columbia College Grammar 
 Scliool, and studied law with Van Cott & Cady. He was admitted 
 to the bar in May, 18(>(). Between ]May and October, 1862, he was with 
 his regiment, the Thirty-seventh, as a non-commissioned officer in 
 the Government service in Maryland. On February 8, 1865, he was 
 married to a daughter of Dr. ilanly Emanuel, of Linwood, Pa. Dur- 
 ing his professional career, Mr. Levi has been attorney for vanous 
 trusts and associations, and for nuuiy years has been counsel for one 
 of the principal metropolitan newspai)ers. He has given special at- 
 tention to the law of Avills, real estate, and equity jurisprudence. 
 He has been a member of the City Bar Association since 1875. 
 He was one of the original members and examining counsel of the 
 Lawyers' Title Insurance Company. He is the author of a number of 
 monographs and essays, semi-legal, some of which have aiipeared in 
 the Albaiiii Law Jouyinil. 
 
 WELLER, AUGUSTLTS XOBLE, was born in Chautauqua County, 
 Ne\\- York, December 5, 1836; attended the Fredonia Academy; stud- 
 ied law, and was admitted to the bar in New York City in 1860. He 
 commenced practice in New York in 1863, but moved into Queens 
 County in 1873. He i*eceived the L^emocratic nomination as Surrogate 
 of Queens County in 1885, and was elected; but the Court of Appeals 
 decided that the term of .Air. Welter's predecessor had not expired. 
 In 1886 he was again nominated by the Democratic Convention, re- 
 cc^ived the indorsement of the Republican Convention, and was elected 
 without o] (position. He married, in 1873, Miss Onderdonk, daughter 
 of Ileniy ;M. Onderdonk, who was a Senator from Ohio; niece of 
 William II. Onderdonk, who held the otWces of District Attorney, Coun- 
 ty Judge, and Surrogate of Queens County, and granddaughter of 
 Bisho]) Ouderdonk of the Protestant Episcopnl Church. 
 
 FLETCHER, AI^STIN BARCLAY, President of a large corp(n-a- 
 tion in New York City from 1882 to 1881, since the latter date has 
 been engaged in the practice of law in this city. He has acquired 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 271 
 
 a wide iei)iitiiti()n as au expert eoinineicia! reoi'i^aiiizer and represen- 
 tative and adviser of tidneiary institndons. He is eonnsel for a 
 larsie nnniber of banlvS, trnst oonipauies, and similar concerns, and 
 is a director of tlie Eppin^er ^^ IJnssell Company, the Van Wajioner 
 & Williams Hardware Company, ami the New York and ^?tateu Is- 
 land Electric Company. In 1892 be succeeded the late Governor 
 William E. Ilussell, of ^lassarhnsetts, as Irnstee of the Boston Uni- 
 vei-sity. He is a Knight Temiilar and a meniher of the Lawyers' and 
 New York Athletic clubs. He married Hortense M. Follett, of Wrent- 
 ham, Mass. He was born in Mendon, ^Tass., March 13, 1852, and is 
 the sou of Asa Austin Fletcher and Harriet Edna Durkee. On both 
 sides he descends from old New England families. His first American 
 ancestor on the paternal side, I!ob 
 ert Fletclur, settled in Concord, 
 Mass., in 1<j30. Mr. Fletcher at 
 tended the public schools. Dean 
 Academy, Bryant and Stratton's 
 Commercial College, Wesleyan 
 Academy, in 187G was gradtiate<l 
 from Tufts College, and subse- 
 quently spent three years in the 
 post-graduate dei>artments of Bos- 
 ton University, — the School of 
 Oratory, the School of All Sciences, 
 and the School of Law. He took 
 all the oratorical prizes for which 
 he was permitted to compete. 11 r 
 succeeded the celebrated Professor 
 Lewis B. ^Monroe as Professor of 
 Oratory in the Boston LTniversity 
 School of Theology; became Lec- 
 turer on Forensic Oratory in the 
 
 Boston University School of Law, and subsequently accepted the 
 Professorship of Elocution in Brown University. He resigned from 
 this chair to come to New Y'ork Citv in 1S82. 
 
 AUSTIN BARCLAY FLETCHER. 
 
 BAPALLO, EDWARD SUMXEE, was graduated from Colund)ia 
 University in IST-l and from Columbia University Law School in 1870, 
 having also studied in the law offices of Stephen P. Nash and Aaron 
 J. Vanderpoel. He has practiced lavs- in New Yoi-k City, Manhattan 
 Borough, since 187G, — at first in partnership witli Julien Tappan 
 Davies, as Davies & Rapallo, and subsequently as a member of the 
 firm of Holmes, Rapallo & Kennedy. He has been counsel to the Man- 
 hattan Elevated Railway Company, the Delaware and Hudson Canal 
 Company, and the Lake Shoie Railway Comi)any, and is one of the 
 general counsel of the Manhattan Life Insurance Company. He is a 
 
272 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 member of the Ceutiiry, University, Mauliattau, and Democratic clubs, 
 the New York Law Institute, the City Bar Association, and tlie State 
 Bar Association. He was born in Cambridge, Mass., September 18, 
 3853, and is tLie son of tlie late Hon. Cliarles A. Kapallo and Helen, 
 daughter of Bradford Sumner, of Boston. His fatlier was a judge of 
 the New York Court of Appeals froml8T0 until his death. His grand- 
 father, Antonio Kapallo, was born on the family estate near the town 
 of Ilapallo, Italy, immigrated to New Y'ork City, and engaged in huv 
 practice with John Anthon, and was counsel for one of the Italian 
 governments. He manied Elizabeth, daughter of Captain Benjamin 
 Ciould, a Bevolutionary officer, who was elected to the Continental 
 Congiess, but died before it was convened. Hannah Gould, the poet- 
 ess, Avas one of his daughters, while another was the mother of Chief 
 Justice Fuller of the United States Supreme Court. B. A. Gould, the 
 famous astronomer of Harvard College and the Argentine Republic, 
 was the nephew of Mrs. Elizabeth Gould Kapallo. Mr. Rapallo's ma- 
 ternal grandmother was a daughter of Chevalier Francis Augustus 
 Alfonso Bartholdi, who was educated at Padua University, studied 
 medicine at the College of Vienna, and became physician to Louis 
 XVIII. and a member of his household when that unfortunate sover- 
 eign was the Compte de Provence. At the time of the French Revo- 
 lution Dr. Bartholdi immigrated to Wreutham, Mass., changing his 
 name to Bertody, and mari'ied Ursula Plym]iton, daughtci- of a 
 wealthy citizen of Massachusetts. 
 
 PINNEY, GEORGE MILLER, JR., born in AYiadsor, Dane County, 
 \Vis., -March 8, lS5(i, is the son of George Miller Pinney, a native of 
 Pennsylvania, and Harriet M. \Vliiln('y, of Ohio. He is a lineal de- 
 scendant of Humphrey Pinney, who came to America from Somerset- 
 shire, England, about 1030. He was graduated from Harvard College 
 in 1S7S, spent two years as tutor, and was graduated from the Harvard 
 Law School in 1882. He came to New Y'ork City, and was with the 
 lii-m of Evarts, Southmayd ic Choate, and its successor, Evarts, Choate 
 & Beaman, from 1882 to 1880. He then formed the firai of Pinney 
 & Sterling. In 1890 he practiced alone, in 1891 became a member 
 of the firm of Carter, Pinney & Kellogg, and in 1891 formed the firm 
 of Pinney & Thayer, which is now Pinney, Thayer & Hadlock. 
 He has resided at New Brighton, S. I., since Februai^, 1888. 
 In 1893 he was active in the movement to overthrow the regular 
 Democratic machine in Richmond County. Himself a Republican, 
 he stumiied the county in 1893, and again in 1894, in support of suc- 
 cessful fusion tickets. In 1895 he was elected Supervisor of the town 
 of Oastleton. The same year be was elected District Attorney of 
 Riclnnond County. On June 9, 189G, Governor Morton appointed him 
 a member of the Greater New l^ork Commission fnuu Richmond 
 County, and at the first meeting of the Commission he was elected 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 273 
 
 its Secretary. He uuuried, June 27, 1887, Olive Frauces, (laii.t;liter 
 of the late E. N. Child, of Worcester, Mass., and has four children. 
 lie is a member of the University, Harvard, St.iteu Island Cricket and 
 Baseball, Staten Island I*olo, Kill von Knll Yacht, and Staten Island 
 AYhist clnbs, and of the City and State Bar associations. 
 
 WHITE, STEPHEN VAN CULLEN, has lon^ been a conspicnons 
 uieinbei' of the New York Stock Exchange. Born in Chatham County, 
 North Carolina, August 1, 1831, ho was reared in IlliTiois, whither his 
 parents removed shortly after his birth. In 18.54: he was ;L;raduated 
 from Knox College, from which he subseipiently received the degrees 
 of Master of Arts and Doctor of Laws. For one year after graduation 
 he was bookkeejier for a mercan- 
 tile firm of St. Louis, Mo., and then 
 studied law \^itli Brown & Kasson, 
 one member of which firm subse- 
 quently became Governoi" of Mis- 
 snuri and United States Senator, 
 while the other became United 
 States Minister to Austria and 
 Germany. While studying law 3Ir. 
 White was an editorial and liter 
 aiy contributor to the St. Louis 
 newspaper press. After his admis 
 sion to the bar he for ten yejirs 
 l)racticed law at Des ^Moines, Iowa. 
 He was eminently successful, and 
 argued many imiiortant cases in 
 the United States courts. In 1860, 
 liowever, he removed to New York 
 City and established the banking 
 firm of Marvin & White. At the end 
 
 of two \ears he engaged in the batdving and l)rokeiage businc^ss under 
 his own name, while since 1S82 he has l>een head of the firm of S. V. 
 White cV: Company. In 1886 he was elected TO'Congress from his home 
 district in Iti-ooklyn, but declined a renonnnation. For nearly thir- 
 ty years he has lu^en a leading niembi r of l'l,\niontli ("hurch of 
 Bro(d<lyn, of which the late Henry Ward lieecher was long the ])astor. 
 He lia^- long been a nienil)er of its lionrd of trustees. He has done 
 notable work asan amateur astronomer. In I8!tl he failed for |1,000,- 
 (1(10 A\ hiie manipulating an ininiense corn deal, through the misappro- 
 ]aialion ef his funds by a famous ttrm of brokers. But within a year 
 he liad made another fortune, and |)aid off every obligation, dollar 
 for ilollar. with interest. !]<■ is rresi(h'nl of tiie Bower-Barff Eustless 
 Ti-oii roiiipany nnd a director of ijie New -b'rsey Magnetic Concen- 
 
 STEPHEN VAN CULLEN WHITE. 
 
274 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 tratiiii;' rompaiiT. llv is :i iiiciiiher of the Union League and Hamil- 
 ton t-liilis of Brooklyn and tln' Lawyers' Club of New York. 
 
 TAT*PAX, J. B. COLES, lawyer, was born in (2neens Connty, New 
 York, April L 18(50, and is the son of De ^Vitt Tai>i)an and 31arjiaret 
 Coles. He descends from the Tai)i)aiis and De Witts, on his father's 
 side, and is of Eni^lisli descent thron<:li his mother. Amon^ his 
 ancestors were Colonel Charles T)e AYitt and ^Major Christopher Tap- 
 pan, Revolutionary officers. Mr. Tap]ian's father was a successful 
 physician, who was educated at Yale College and the New York 
 Colleiio of Physicians and Sur-^eons. Mr. Tap])an is likewise a Yale 
 man. haviuii been liraduated from that university in 1880. He was also 
 graduated from the Columbia Colle<;e Law School in 1882. He com- 
 menced law pi-actice in this ( ity in 1883, and has followed his profes- 
 sion here and in (,>ueens ( 'onnty continuously since. He is now a mem- 
 ber of the tirm of Scudder, Tappan, Seaman & Cox. He resides at 
 (ilen Cove, L. I., and was one (d' I lie organizers of the (lien Cove 
 Bank. lie has also served as I'resident of the Village Board of Edu- 
 cation. He is a member (d' a number of yachting and social org:an- 
 izations, includinji the Scawaidiaka-Corinthian Y'acht Club of New 
 Ynrk, the nemi)stead Harbor Ya(hr, Club, the (Queens County Golf 
 Club, the :Mill Neck Clidi. and the Yale Alumm. On May 21, 1885, he 
 was married to Car(dine Alice, dauiihtei- of Mr. -Tames Titus, of (ilen 
 Co\i'. 
 
 GREENE. JOSEPH WAHKEN. member of the New Yoik law firm 
 of Arnold »Jc Greene, was a nuMuber of the Bro(dclyn Board of Civil 
 Service Commissioners from 1SU4 to IS'.MI. and at the present tinu' is a 
 director of the Home Life Insurance <'(uui)auy. the Niagara Fire In- 
 surance Company, and the Soutli Brooklyn Savinjis Institution, and 
 is a trustee of the Shelteiiu^ Arms Nursery ami the Brooklyn Em- 
 ]doyiuent Society. He is a N'estryuiau of Holy Trinity ('linrcli, 
 Brooklyn, and a member of the Hamilton. Barnard, and Twentieth 
 Century clubs of Brooklyn, and the Lawyers' and Al]iha Delta Phi 
 clubs of New York City. He was born in Brocdvlyn. November 2. ^SiCt. 
 the sou of .Tosejih Warren (Jreeue. Sr.. ami Mary Au.i;usta Smith, of 
 Jamaica. L. 1. His fatlier was a manufacturer and dealer in jewi-lry. 
 On the ](aTerna] side he descends from .T(din Greene, an apothei-ary 
 from Salisbury. En,!iland, who origimiUy settled in ^lassachusetts, 
 and subsequently immijirated to Rhode Island with Roucr Williams, 
 beconnnji owner of a lariic tract of land, acquired from the Indians. 
 One of his descemlants was Gem*ral Nathainel (Jreeue. of the Kevo- 
 lution. ()n the paternal side ]Mr. Greene descends from Bullridi'V 
 Smith, one of the early settlers nf Louii' IshnuL llavinii received his 
 early education in the Brooklyn public schools. Mr. Greene was u,Tad- 
 uated from Yale (_\)llege in 18(58, and from the (^'olumbia Colleii-e Law 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 275 
 
 School iu 1870. lu ISTl he bej;an tlie practice of law, beiug the 
 partner of Hon. Edward I'aterson from 1874 until the elevation of the 
 latter to the Supreme Court bench in 1888. Since 1888 he has been 
 associated with Lemuel TlastiTi^s Arnold, under the firm style of Ar- 
 nold i^ Greene. He was married, in 1871, lo Julia S. Sherman, and has 
 three sons — Joseph Warren, James Taylor, and Herbert Gouverueur, 
 and two daughters — Katherinc and Julia Sherman Greene. 
 
 BEOWER, GEORGE A'AXDERHOOF, prominent lawyer and 
 l)ublic citizen of Brooklyn, was born in Paterson, N. J., October 18, 
 1813, is the sou of Richard Brower and MariL-aret Van Buskirk, and is 
 descended from an old family, established in Brooklyn from early 
 colonial times. His creat-yrandfatlicr, Abiajiam Browei-, was an 
 officer in the Continental Army, 
 and was joint owner, with Jerc^- 
 miali Brower, of the old tidemill 
 at Gowauus. By order of General 
 "\Vasliinj:ton, this mill was burned 
 during- the Battle of Long Island 
 to prevent the grain and other 
 property from falling into the 
 hands of the enemy. Mr. Brower 
 was prepared for I'riiiceton Col- 
 lege, although the outbreak of tin- 
 Qvil War prevented him from 
 pursuing his studies at That insti 
 tution. He subse(|uentl\ entered 
 the law office of the late Jmlgc 
 Charles W. Waller, of lloncsdalc 
 Pa. In 180G he was admitttMl to 
 the Pennsylvania bar, while he 
 was admitted to the New York 
 bar, in New York City, in .March, 
 1867. He has ]>racticed law in Brooklyn continuously since lln' latter 
 date, ac(|uiring a large real estate and commeicial business, lie is 
 counsel and one of the trustees of the Kings County Trust Comjiany. 
 He was a])pointed General Ajtpraiser of the I'oit of New York by 
 President Cleveland, January ;{, 1885, and adnnnistered rhe oflice with 
 al)iliry until ISSII, when, ujion the exjiiratioii of Mr. Clevcdand's first 
 term, he resigned. In .Inly, ISS'.i, he was aisjiointed by .Mayor Chapin 
 
 one of the Park Goi issioner^- of the Gity of P.rooklyn, uiidei- the 
 
 law limiting th*^ Park ( 'ommissioners to three, and by his colleagues 
 was at once elected President of the Board. Subsequently, the Park 
 Dejiartment being made a single-headed conmussion, Mr. Brower was 
 a])pointed the ( 'oiiiiiiissione]-, and retained ( he jxisition until Pebruary 
 1, Lsitl. \lv was one of the oruanizers and original members of the 
 
 <;koki;k vandkrhoof brower. 
 
27(5 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Rembrandt Club of Brooklyn, and is a member of tlie Atlantic Yacht 
 Club, the Brooklyn Club, the Montauk Club, and other social organi- 
 zations. 
 
 FLEMIXG, JOHN, has been engaged in the practice of law at 
 Jamaica, L. I., since 1S(>(>; served for six years as a member of the 
 Board of Trustees of that village, and on October 27, 1883, was ap- 
 pointed by Governor Grover Cleveland District Attorney of Queens 
 County, New York, to succeed B. W. Downing, wlio had been removed 
 from office. In November of the same year 31 r. Flenuug became 
 the Democratic nominee for the same office, and was elected for the 
 term of three years. His administration was signalized by his sticcess- 
 ful prosectition of a plieuomenally large number of murder cases. 
 His successor in office, Thomas F. Gowan, having been removed with- 
 in tliree montlis, in August, 1S87, Mr. Fleming was once more ap- 
 jjointeil District ,\ttorney, this time by Governor Hill, while in the 
 following November he was again elected to the office, and subse- 
 quently re-elected, discharging its dttties tintil January 1, 1894. He 
 prosecuted pool sellers, gamblers, and i)rize lighters in (Queens County, 
 as well as the officere of the Western Union Telegraph Company for 
 permitting the use of its wires in furtherance of such illegal enter- 
 prises. In the fall of 189() he was the Democratic nominee for Justice 
 of the Supreme Court, as successor of Hon. Charles F. Brown, but 
 Avent down with the entire Democratic ticket. On January 5, 1898, 
 Mayor Van Wyck appointed him, for a term of seven years, a Justice 
 of the Court of Special Sessions of the Second Division of the City of 
 New York. JMr. Fleming was born in County ]\Ionaglian, Ireland, 
 June 1, 1842, the son of William Fleming and Mary O'Neill. De- 
 prived of both parents at the age of five, he was reared by his uncle, 
 James O'Neill, who carefully educated him. Coming to the United 
 States at the age of fourteen, he attended the jmblic schools of Ja- 
 maica, L. I., and the private school of Eev. Matthew Hunting. At the 
 age of seventeen he entered the employ of a New York City hotise 
 engaged in the Southern commission business, and so remained until 
 the Civil War brought this business to a close. He then for three 
 months studied law with John J. Armstrong, of Jamaica, and enlisted 
 in Company A of the One Hundred and Sixty-tifth New York Volun- 
 teer Infantry, with which he remained in active service for three 
 years. He participated in movements along the James River, in the 
 battles of Cedar Creek and Winchester in the Shenandoah A'alley, and 
 in the engagements of Plains Store, Pouchatoula, Sabine Cross Roads, 
 Pleasant Hill, Cane River, and Mausura Plains, Louisiana, and the 
 assaults u]»on Port Hudson. He responded to the call of General 
 Banks for volunteers for the last desperate assault upon Port Hudson. 
 Returning, he resumed his law studies, and was admitted to the bar 
 in Brooklvn, in December, 18(;(). 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 277 
 
 ^ 
 
 «^ 
 
 AADEESON, HEXRY HILL, wa« engaged iu the practice of law 
 in New York City from 1849 until Ids death, September 17, 1890. 
 Born in Boston, November 9, 1827, he was prepared at Phillips An- 
 dover Academy; in 1S4S was graduated cum Imidc from Williams Col- 
 lege; coming to New York, studied law while supporting himself as 
 Instructor in the Friend's School; entered the ofUce of Henry E. Da- 
 vies, then counsel to the corporation; was admitted to the bar in 1849, 
 and immediately intrusted with the i)reparation and trial of important 
 cases. From 1852 to 1857 he was a member of the law fii*m of Willard, 
 Sweeney cS: Anderson, the head of which was subsequently Chief Jus- 
 tice of South Carolina; while Claudius L. Mouell, afterward Chief 
 Justice of the Supreme Court, also became a member of the firm. 
 Having suffered the loss of his wife and cliildren. he traveled abroad 
 in 1857 and 1858. Becoming assist- 
 ant to Corporation Counsel Greene 
 C. Bronson in 1859, he had entire 
 charge of the legal business in New 
 York City, and established a sub- 
 stantial reputation. He was Judge 
 Bronson's law itartner until the 
 death of the latter in 1803, when 
 he formed a partnership with Ma- 
 sun Young. Judge Henry E. How- 
 land subsequently entered the firm, 
 and after the retirement of Mr. 
 Young, George Welwood Murray 
 and Henry Burrall Anderson were 
 admitted, under the present style 
 of Anderson, Howland & Mui-ray. 
 The Democratic candidate for the 
 Supreme Court in 1871, Mr. Ander- 
 son was defeated by Judge Noah 
 Davis. He refused the nomination 
 for the Superior Coui*t in 1872, declined an appointment as Corpora- 
 tion Counsel, and refused an appointment to the Cour-t of Appeals. 
 One of the founders of the University Club, he was its first President, 
 serving nine years. He was twice elected a vice-president of the City 
 Bar Association, and served on its Executive Committee and on the 
 Committees on Grievances, on the Judiciary-, and on Judicial Nomina- 
 tions. He was a vestiyman of Calvary Episcopal Church and a mem- 
 ber of the Metropolitan, Century, University, Lawyers', and New York 
 Yacht clubs, the Downtown Association, the New England Society, 
 and the Williams College Alumni Association. He married, second, 
 Sarah B., daughter of William P. Burrall, of Hartford, Conn., who sur- 
 vived him with three sons — Henry Burrall, William Bun-all, and 
 Charles P. Anderson, nil of wliom are lawyers. Mr. Anderson was 
 
 HENRY HILI. AXDKRSOX. 
 
278 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 himself of ►Scoteli descent, the son of Rev. Rnfns Anderson, a distin- 
 guished oleigyman of Boston, who was graduated from Bowdoiu Col- 
 lege and Andover Seminai-y, and for over forty years was Secretai-y of 
 the American Board of I'oreigu Missions, and grandson of Bev. Bufus 
 Andei-son, also a prominent clergyman and graduate of Dartmouth 
 College. Mr. Anderson's grandmother was a cousin of Chief Justice 
 Parsons, of Massachusetts. 
 
 ANDEBSON, HENRY BURRALL, eldest son of the late Henry 
 Hill Anderson and .Sarah B., daughter of William 1'. Bnrrall, was 
 born in Xew York City in 1803; in 1S85 was graduated from Yale, 
 studied law and became a member of the law firm of Anderson, How- 
 land & Murray, of which his father was long the head. He is a director 
 and the Treasurer of the Continental Filter Company. He is a mem- 
 ber of the City, University, New York, and New York Yacht clubs. 
 He married Marie W., daughter of Joseph Larocque, tlie eminent law- 
 yer of New York. 
 
 GILLEN, WILLIAM W., has been engaged in the practice of law 
 in Jamaica, L. I., since 1879, while, from 1876 to the present time, 
 he has also occupied a clerical relation to the SuiTogate of Queens 
 County, since 1885 having been Chief Clerk in the Suii'ogate's office. 
 Himself a Bepublican, he has retained this office under both parties. 
 He is a stockholder and director of the Bank of Jamaica, as he is 
 also of the Jamaica Savings Bank. He is a member of the Jamaica 
 Club, the Queens County Bar Association, the New York State Bar 
 Association, and the American Bar Association. The son of Francis 
 Gillen and MaiT Roe, like his father he is a native of New York 
 City, where he was born, January 24, 1853. His father, long engaged 
 prominently in the forwarding business in New York Cit^', was a 
 representative of an old American family. His mother was of an 
 old Long Island family, where her ancestors, emigrants from Eng- 
 land, settled in the first half of the seventeenth century. One of 
 her ancestors, Andrew Messenger, was one of the founders of the town 
 of Jamaica, L. I. Upon the death of his father, in 1859, Mr. Gillen 
 was reared in the home of his uncle, Henry W. Rowland, who subse- 
 quently became Supei'visor of the town of Jamaica. After his gradu- 
 ation from the High School at Queens, L. I., during the five years 
 from 1871 to 187(1, Mr. Gillen held a ])osition in his uncle's store at 
 Queens. Becoming Clerk to Surrogate Alexander Hayner in 1876, he 
 also began the study of law. 
 
 BAWSON, SIDNEY FULLER, eminent leader of the bar of Bicli- 
 mond County, is a director and counsel of the First National Bank of 
 Staten Island, is counsel of the Board of Commissioners of Police for 
 Ricjimoud Countv. and has sustained a similar relation to the Board 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 279 
 
 of Suiicrvisors, the Trustees of the villii:;es of New lUiulitou and I'ort 
 Kicliiiioud, and to iiiudy of the priiieipal corporatious on tlie ishiud. 
 lie was District Attorney of iiichinond County from ISTl to 1874, and 
 attracted wide attention by his bold ])rosecution and conviction of a 
 large number of jniblic officials — some of whom were members of liis 
 own jiolitical ])arty — for malfeasance in office. Nominated for County 
 Judge and Surrogate in 1S74, he was defeated with the rest of the 
 Democratic ticket in the 
 county and through(jut the 
 State. He was born at 
 Schroon Lake, X. Y., Decem- 
 ber 15, 1843, the son of Ashley 
 Tond liawsou and Adaliue 
 Crego, and eighth in lineal 
 descent from Edward Raw- 
 son, first Secretary of Massa- 
 chusetts Colony. The priuci- 
 jjal of a public school when 
 the Civil War broke out, he 
 enlisted in the One Hundred 
 and Eighteenth New York, 
 and served from June, 18(>2, 
 to June, ISiio. He studied 
 law with Hon. Byron Pond, 
 of Elizabeth, N. Y.; was ad- 
 mitted to the bar in May, 
 1807, and became the law 
 partner of Lot C. Clark and 
 Alfred De<Jroot, practitioners 
 on Stateii Island and in New 
 York ('ity. Mr. Clark was 
 recognized as the foremost 
 lawyer in Kichmond County 
 until his retirement, since 
 
 which time the firm style has been DeGroot, EaAvson & Stafford. Mr. 
 Kawson was admitted to practice in the United States Supreme Court 
 on motion of James C. Carter. 
 
 SIDNEY FULLKR RAW SON. 
 
 DICKEESON, EDWAED NI(M)LL, <Mnineut patent lawyer, was 
 born in Paterson, N. J., February IL 1824, and died in Far l^ockaway, 
 L. I.. December 12, 1889. He was a son of Philemon Dickerson, an 
 eminent New Jersey lawyer, judge, and statesman. The founder of 
 the Dickerson family in Amei'ica, Phih^non, emigrated from England 
 early in the seveuteenth century, aiul was one of tlie tirst Puritan set- 
 tlers of Massachusetts, being a freeholder in Salem in 1038. 'S\v. Dlck- 
 erson's mother was a daughter of CaptaiTi John St(itesbiiry, an otlicer 
 
280 HISTURV OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 in tUe KeTolution, who participated iu many impoitaiit battles. Mr. 
 Dickersou was educated at I'liiioetou Colleiie. At the aiie of twenty- 
 one he Avas admitted to the bar. He decided to abandon his profession 
 for a while and devote himself to travel and scientific researches. 
 He visited many of the countries of Europe and Central and South 
 America. la 1873 he resumed his legal practice, and became recog- 
 nized as the foremost patent lawyer of the (nited States. Among 
 the great suits with which Ir- M'as identified as counsel were those of 
 the American Bell Telei)h()ne CompauA- and the National Improvement 
 Telegraph Company, the I'an-Electric cases, and numerous others in- 
 volving the best-known patents for the telephone, the telegraph, reap- 
 ing machines, explosives, railways, refrigerators, ventilating process- 
 es, nickel plating, planing machines, and guns. Among his clients were 
 the Western I'nion Telegrai)h Company, the Gold and Stock Tele- 
 graph Company, the Standard (»il ('ompany, the IMcCornuck Mower 
 and Reaper Com]>aiiy, the Bell Telephone Com[»aiiy, and the Edison 
 Electric Company. He was ])assi()nately devoted to astronomical 
 science, and on th(^ roof of his residence in Thirty-fourth Street, near 
 Eifth Avenue, he built an observatory equipped with the most ap- 
 proved and recent instruments and inventions. He was tlic author of 
 several useful inventions. 
 
 DICKERSUX, EDWAKD MCOLL, i.ateut lawyer, and son of the 
 late eminent patent attorney nf that name, was born in Newport, 
 li. I., August 28, 1852. He was educated at Trinity ( "ollege, Hartford, 
 Conn., studied law with his father, and, since his admission to the bar, 
 has ])racticed law in New York City. lie has represented nuuiy cor- 
 pciiatious, and has frequently appeared in patent cases. He has rep- 
 res^entcd the Western Union Telegrajili Company, the Bell Telephone 
 Comi)any, and the (General Electric C<)m])any. He lias also taken out 
 many patents as an inventor. He is presid(Mit, vice-iiresident, or 
 diicctor of a numher of inannfact niing and railroad corimrations. 
 
 VAN WYCK, ROBERT ANDERSON, the present Mayor of the 
 city, enjoys the distinction of being the iirst elected to that ottice 
 under the charter creating the " (Jreater " New York. He Avas nom- 
 inated by Tammany Hall, and elected by a large majority in the fall 
 of 18!)7, and assumed the duties of the ilayor in January. 1898. He 
 was born in the old \'an Wyck mansion on Lexington Avenue iu 
 1850, the late William Van Wyck, iii-^ father, having been a prominent 
 hnvyer and r>emoci'atic leader. He is also seventh in lineal descent 
 from Cornelius Barents A'an Wyck. who came to New Amsterdam in 
 KiSd lioni \\'y(k, Holland, and married in I'lal linsli, in Kitid, Ann, 
 daughter of Kev. Johannes Theodoras I'olhemus. Bred to the law. 
 and eugaged in active prat'tice in this city, he was elected a Justice 
 of the City Court, and established a reputation for carefully ])i'epared 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 281 
 
 decisions. He was upon the bench of this ctnirt when elected Mayor, 
 and was Chief Justice of the Court. He is unmarried, and a member 
 of the Democratic. Manhattan, St. Nicholas, and Hardware clubs, 
 and the Holland Society. Judge Augustus \'an Wyck, of Brooklyn, 
 is his brother. 
 
 DAHLGEEN, JOHN VIXTOX, since 1S92 a member uf the well- 
 known New York law firm of Lord, Day iV; Lord, in 189.5 and 1896 
 was Attorney to the Building Department of New York City, and is 
 the author of " Dahlgren's Building Law ^Lmual." He married Eliz- 
 abeth, daughter of 
 the late Joseph ^\'. 
 Drexel, of New York, 
 member of the bank- 
 ing firm of Drexel, 
 ]\[organ & Company. 
 He is a member of 
 tlie New York Atli- 
 1 e t i c, IJepublicau, 
 and Catholic clubs. 
 He was born at "S'al- 
 paraiso, Chile, April 
 22, 1SG8; was gradu- 
 ated from the Uni- 
 versity of George- 
 town,'D. C, in 1SS9, 
 and from its law 
 scliool in 1891, and is 
 the son of the late 
 A d m i r a 1 .T o li :i 
 Adolph Dahlgren, 
 United States Navy, 
 and his wife Made- 
 line, daughter <ii 
 Hon. Samuel Finley 
 Mnton, who was for twenty-two years a Member of Congress from 
 Ohio, and author of the act creating the Department of tli<- In- 
 terior. His grandfather, Bernhard TMirik Dalilgreu. was a graduate 
 of the University of L'psala, who, liaving been involved in a Be- 
 publican movement in 1804, fled from Sweden, lb- subsequently be- 
 came Swedish Consul at Oporto, I'ortugal. howevei-. and still later 
 was a merchant at Philadelphia, where he married ^Lirtha, daughter 
 of James Bowan. a Bevolutionary soldier. :\Ir. Dahlgren's great- 
 grandfather. Dr. Johan Adolf Dahlgren, was also graduated from the 
 T'niversity of Upsala, and was eminent in Sweden as a physician and 
 scientist, living from 1744 to 1797. 
 
 .wP^y' 
 
 JOHN VINTON DAHLGREN. 
 
282 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 GKAY, JOnX ALEXAXDEK CLINTON, actively engaged iu busi- 
 ness iu New York City for many jears prior to his retirement in 1S52, 
 since that time lias been interested in railroad and other corporate 
 interests. At present he is Vice-President of the People's Bank of this 
 city. He was \'ice-President of the original Central Park Commis- 
 sion. He is a member of the Union League < iub and other organiza- 
 tions. Born in the Clinton mansion at Little Britain, N. Y., in 1815, 
 he has been a resident of this city since childhood. He is the son of 
 John Gray, who died in ISIG, and (irandsou of Alexander Gray, who 
 emigrated from Northern Ireland to Philadelphia in 1795, dying soon 
 after. The wife of Alexander Gray was a member of the Clinton 
 family, and after the death of her first husband she married her kins- 
 man, General James Clinton, of the Eevolution, brother of Governor 
 George Clinton and father of (Jovernor I)e ^Vitt Clinton by his first 
 wife. The present ilr. Gray married in 1837 ??usan M., daughter of 
 George Zabriskie, of this city. Alderman and member of the Assembly. 
 Of their three sons. Rev. George Zabriskie Gray was for nearly twenty 
 years dean of the Episcopal Divinity School. ( 'ambridge. Mass. ; Rev. 
 Albert Zabriskie Gray, D.D., was chaplain in the Civil War, held sev- 
 eral pastorates, and in 1882 became wai-den of Racine College, while 
 Hon. John Clinton Gray is a Justiie (d" the New York Court of 
 Appeals. 
 
 GRAY, JOHN CLINTON, was appointed to the bench of the Court 
 of Appeals in this State in 1888, to succeed the late Hon. Charles A. 
 Rapallo, and at the election held in the fall of the same year was 
 elected to succeed himself for the term of fourteen years. The son of 
 John Alexander Clinton Gray and Susan M., daughter of the late 
 George Zabriskie, he was born in New York City, was graduated from 
 the University of New York, was graduated from the Harvard Law 
 School, and subsequently continued the study of law at the University 
 of Berlin. As head of the law firm of Gi-ay •.<: Davenport of this city, 
 he wiis long engaged in the pi'actice of his profession prior to his eleva- 
 tion to the bench. He is a member of the Meti'opolitan, Century, 
 Union League, nnd ^lanhattan clubs. ;mil tlic city Bar Association. 
 
 ADEE, GEORGE TOWNSEND, succeeded his father as head of the 
 firm of Adee, Timpson & Company, drygoods auctioneers of this city. 
 He retired frf)m its active management in ISoO, and after the Civil 
 War closed up its affaire. He became a director of the National Rank 
 of Commerce in 1842, ami was its Vice-President for ten years, during 
 much of the time being Acting President. He was one of the founders 
 and a director of the United States Tinist Comjiany, was also a founder 
 and a director of the Equitable Life Assurance Society, and was a 
 director of the Republic Fire Insurance Company. He was born in 
 All.iiny, April 7. 1804, and died in Tliis city, November 20, 1884. In 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 283 
 
 1851 he purcLiased the ouuutry-seat of Edward I^e Hoy, on Throgg's 
 Neck, Westchester County. He was a vestryman of St. Peter's 
 Church ( Episcopal ), Westchester. He married, in 1844, Ellen Louise, 
 daughter of Philip Henry, an old New York merchant and soldier of 
 the ^Var of 1812, and had a daughter, Mrs. M. Dwight Collier, and five 
 sons — George A., lawyer; Philip Henry, lawyer; Frederic William, 
 lawyer; Edwin M., and Ernest R. Adee. 
 
 William Adee, father of the late George Towusend Adee, was the 
 founder and original head of the firm of Adee, Timpson & ( \)m])any. 
 He married Clarissa Towusend, of Albany, and resided at West Ches- 
 ter village. He was the grandson of John Adee, who emigrated from 
 England to Providence, K. I., and subsequently removed to Port- 
 chester, N. Y. 
 
 ADEE, FEEDEIHC WILLIAM, was graduated from Y'ale in 1873, 
 and from Columbia College Law School in IST.j. l-^u- eight years sub- 
 sequent to May, 1874, he was en- 
 gaged in practice in this city in con- 
 nection with the well-known law 
 fiiTU of Lord, Day & Lord, and since 
 that time lias maintained an oftice 
 of his own. He is principally 
 engaged in the ]>ractice of com- 
 mercial, corporation, and real estate 
 law, and in matters pertaining to 
 estates, and has a large clientage 
 in Europe as well as in this country. 
 He is a member of the Union, 
 51etropolitan, Knickerbocker, Uni- 
 versity, and Country clubs, the 
 Downtown Association, the Y^ile 
 Alumni Association, and the City 
 Bar Association. He has served 
 on several committees of the Bar 
 Association. He was born in this 
 city, April 19, 1858, of Huguenot 
 and Dutch descent, the son of lln' 
 late George Townsend Adee, dry- 
 goods merchant and banker of this city, and Ellen Louise, daughter 
 of Philip Henry, also a New Y(U-k merchant. 
 
 1 
 
 
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 s 
 r 
 
 ^^^^F 
 ^■V 
 
 ^1 
 
 i^ 
 
 m/ 
 
 
 t'REDKUIC'K WILLIAM AUKK. 
 
 COUDEKT, FREDERICK RENE, born in New Y'ork City, March 
 1, 1882, was graduated from Columbia College in 1850, was admitted 
 to the bar two years later, and has since practiced in New York. 
 Witli two brothers he formed the laAV firm of Coudei-t Brothers. He 
 lias been President of the Bar Association of the City of New York, 
 
284 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 and is Prosident of the Manhattan Clnb. He has been President of the 
 Columbia College Ahnuni Association and of the Yoiuii; Men's Demo- 
 cratic Club of New Vork City, and was the tirst President of the 
 United States Catholic Historical Society. For ten years he Avas 
 President of the French Benevelout Society. He is a trustee of Co- 
 lumbia UniAersity and Seton Hall College, and is a member of the 
 A'isiting Committee of Harvard College. For three years he was 
 Government Director of the Union Pacific Railroad. He was one of 
 the counsel of the United States in the Bering Sea controversy with 
 Great P>ritain before the Tribunal of Arbitrators at Paris in 1S93. 
 He has appeared in many important cases. He was a delegate to the 
 International Congress on the Law of Nations at Antwerp in ISTT, 
 and attended the session of the same at Liverpool in 1882. He was 
 counsel of the Democratic Committee in the Tilden-Hayes Presidential 
 contest. He supported William R. Grace both times when elected 
 Mayor of New York, and supported Grover Cleveland in each of his 
 Presidential campaigns. During the first Cleveland campaign he 
 \\as President of the Lawyers' Campaign Club. He was prominent 
 in the " Anti-Snap " movement in this State in 1892, which led to 
 Cleveland's renomination. He was Chairman of the Maynard Com- 
 mittee of the Bar Association in 1893. the efforts of which led to May- 
 nard's defeat at the polls. Mr. Coudert has twice received the degree 
 of Doctor of Laws and also the degree of Doctor of Canon and Civil 
 ].a\v. He is a Knight of the Legion of Honor of France, an Officer of 
 the Crown of Italy, and an Oflicer of the Order of Bolivar of Vene- 
 zuela. He has delivered many addresses on important public occa- 
 sions. He is the son of Charles Coudert, a native of Bordeaux, France, 
 who was an officer in the Guard of Honor under Napoleon Bonaparte. 
 
 HAWES, JAMES ^\■ILLIAM. has been engaged in the practice 
 of law in New York City since 1868, and has been counsel in many 
 cases of note. Some years ago, as counsel of the Republican County 
 Committee of New York, he applied for a writ of prohibition against 
 the New Y'ork Board of Police to obtain a decision on the question 
 of what constituted a quorum of inspectors of elections. As counsel 
 for certain taxpayers, in 1884 he conducted an examination of the 
 New Y'ork Park Commissioners. He was counsel on the defense in 
 the famous case of Belden vs. Burke, involving .f8.000,000 of the 
 mortgage bonds of the Columbus, Hocking Valley and Toledo Rail- 
 way Company. Between 1873 and 187() he was a regular contributor 
 to Appleton's "American Cyclopaedia''; in 1877 became a contrib- 
 utor to Kiddle & Schem's " Cyclopjedia of Education," and for several 
 years has written for Appleton's " Annual Cyclopa?dia." He has 
 contributed articles on Brazil to the Overland Monthhj. and a trans- 
 lation of the Brazilian romance, " The Guarany," from the Portuguese 
 of Jose de Alencar. He read an important paper on Portuguese lit- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 285 
 
 erature before the Phi Beta Kappa Alumui iu Xcw York City iu iss:j. 
 lie has delivered addresses ou many public occasions in New \'ork, 
 includinti one before the Board of Aldermen on the occasion of the 
 dciUh of President Gartield. His address on com]iuls((ry voting' be- 
 fore the Commonwealth Club in 1S92 attracted much attciitinn. 
 He has frecpicntly s]K)k('n fi'om the platform d\irim; political cam- 
 paiiius. He has been a member of the Kepublican ( 'ouuty Committee, 
 and a Delegate to Republican State Conventions. Durinp: three 
 years, from 1SS2 to 1S84, he was President of the l>e|iublican Club of 
 the City of New York, this term being longer than tliat of any other 
 President of the (dub. In 1885 and 1886 he was also Chairman of its 
 Executive Counuittee. In 1881 and 1882 he was a member (d' the 
 Board of Aldermen of Xew York 
 City, and Chairman of its Commit- 
 tee on the Law Department. In 
 1885 he was a candidate for Justice 
 of the City Court ou the Republic- 
 an ticket. In 1890 he Avas anti- 
 Tammany candidate for President 
 of the Board of Aldermen. In 1895 
 he declined the nomination for Jus- 
 tice of the City Court tendered him 
 by the Republican party, the Con- 
 vention of Good (iovernment clubs, 
 and other anti-Tammany organiza- 
 tions. He was Chairman of the 
 Committee of the Re])ublican Club 
 which, in 1881-85, brought forward 
 the name of William M. Evarts 
 for the United States Senatorship, 
 and, with the co-operation of 
 others, secured his election. He 
 
 was one of the principal organizers, in 1887, of the Republican League 
 of the LTnited States, as also of the New York Republican State 
 League, and was the first Chairman of the Executive Connnittee of 
 the State League, as also of its sub-Executive Committee. In 1889 
 he was one of two Delegates-at-Large from the State League to the 
 Convention of the National League. In 1871 he was active in the 
 overthrow of the Tweed ring. For several years subsequent to 1871 
 h(^ was Secretary of the Seventeenth Ward Council of Political Re- 
 form, while for many years he was also a member of the City Council 
 of Political IJefovm. He was a member of the Committee of Sixty, 
 chosen by a mass meeting at Cooper I'nion in 188;> to procure legisla- 
 tion looking to an increased water supply for New York City by an 
 economical method which should not be under iKirtisan control; and 
 as a member of the sub-committee appointed to visit Albany, he ar- 
 
 .JAMKS WILLIAM HAWES. 
 
286 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 jiued before (Jovei-noi- (Jrover Cleveland agaiust an objectionable bill. 
 In 1884 he was (.'hainnan of the ("ooper Union mass meeting which 
 supported Mr. Eoosevelt in his course at Albany, and was a member 
 of its Committee of Fifty-three, and of the subcommittee which did 
 the actual work. He was an active member of a committee which, 
 in 1885, submitted to the Legislature a constitutional amendment sep- 
 arating Municijial and State elections, substantially as embodied in 
 the new coustitiition of 18!t-t. As one of a Committee of the Kepub- 
 lican Club of this city he successfully advocated an increase in the 
 number of delegates t() llepublican State Conventions before the 
 liepublican State Committee in August, 1885. lie was chosen a 
 member of the Citizens' Committee of One Hundred, at a mass meet- 
 ing in the Academy of ^lusic in 188(i. and was a member of its Ex- 
 ecutive Committee, a member of the Committee on Organization, and 
 Chairman of the Committee on General Policy. In the same year he 
 was Chairman of a Joint Committee of the Ije]publicau Club of the 
 City of New York, the City Eeform Club, the Young Men's Democi'atic 
 clubs of both Xew Y'ork and Brooklyn, and three other clubs, to se- 
 cure an attirmative vote of the jjeople on the question of calling a 
 constitutional convention. This committee secured the desired vote 
 at an ensuing election. In 1893 he became Chairman of a Committee 
 of the IJepublican Club of this city to draft proposed amendments 
 and submit them to the Constitutional Convention of 1894. The 
 document thus siibmitted was used as a basis by the various commit- 
 tees of tlie Convention. lie was active in sui)port of ballot reform in 
 1888 and 1889, and was a member of the Joint Comnnttee which i)re- 
 pared and submitted the Ballot Act which the Legislature pas.sed in 
 1891 and Governor Flower vetoed. In 1888 he was appointed a mem- 
 ber of the Committee on Legislation of the Anti-Saloon IJepublican 
 State League. As Chairman of a Committee of the Bepublicau Club. 
 he prepared, in 1891. a bill for compulsory voting. He drafted the 
 law relating to naturalization which constitutes Chapter 927 of the 
 Laws of 1895 of this State. He suggested and revised the act pro- 
 viding for the registration of inmates of lodging-houses (Chapter 758, 
 Laws of 1895). He suggested many features of the Baines Ballot Act 
 K'hapter 810. Laws of 1895). As a member of a committee of the 
 Bepublit-an Club, he appeared before the Greater New Y'ork Charter 
 Commission in 189(5-97. Mr. Hawes was born in Chatham. Mass., July 
 9, 1811, the sou of James Hawes and Susannah Taylor. He descends 
 from Edmond Hawes, who, coming from England in l(i35, became 
 prominent in the government of Plymouth Colony, as also from 
 Stephen Hopkins, one of the original Pilgrim Fathers who came over 
 in the JIayflower in 1020. Mr. Hawes was graduated from Harvard 
 College at the head of his class in 1866. During the following year he 
 attended the Harvard Law School, while at the same time holding 
 the ])ositiou of Instructor in Marhematics in Harvard College. Com- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 287 
 
 iui;' to New York City, he spent several luoutlis in tlie law ottice of 
 Hawkins & Cotlaen, and in November, 18(iS, was admitted to tiic New 
 York bar. 
 
 1)AVIE8, JULIEX TAPPAN, promiiuiit lawyer of New York, has 
 been engaged in leiial practice in this city since 18(!7. Up has ap- 
 peared as connsel in many notable cases. He has been a trustee of 
 the ilntual Life Insurance Company since 1882, and during- this time 
 lias had cbarge of its important litigations. Since 1884 he has also 
 l)een general counsel of the Manhattan Kailway Company. He has 
 In^'u a manager of the Domestic and Foreign Missionai-y Society of 
 the Protestant Episcopal Church since 1880, and is a member of the 
 Metropolitan, T'nion I^eague, University, Lawyers", Players", l{ei)ub- 
 lican, and Southside Sportsmen"s clubs. Born in New Y'ork City, 
 September 25, 1845. he was educated at the Mount Washington Col- 
 legiate Institute of this eity, the Walnut Hill School of Geneva, X. Y., 
 Columbia College, and the Cohimbia College Law School. He is the 
 son of the late Henry E. Da vies, well-known lawyer of this city, and 
 Judge of the Court of Ap^ieals. He is a brother of (leneral Henry E. 
 Davies, who became Major-Ceneral of Cavalrj- in the Army of the 
 Pnioiiiac at the age of twenty-nine. He is also a nephew of (leneral 
 Thomas A. Davies, a graduate of West Point, as he is of Professor 
 ("harles Davies. the mathematician. He descends from Robert Da- 
 vies, of Ciwysany Castle, Flintshin', England, who was Sheriff of 
 Flintshire, and held his castle for Charles 11. against the Puritans. 
 :\Ir. Davies is the son of Kebecca W., daughter of John Tappan. He 
 also descends from Ca])tain John Foote of the Kevolution. 
 
 N'AX' XEST, (JEOKCE WILLETT. was graduated from Harvard 
 College and from the Harvard Law School, and since 1882 has prac- 
 ticed law in New York City. He has-argued numerous cases in the 
 Court of A]i]ieals. He was one of the (Hlitors of the seventh edition 
 of Sedgwick on "The Pleasure of Damages,"' and contributed to the 
 Aiiiiririni Ltnr h'irlcir for N<)vember, 1S82, an article on •' Im]ieach- 
 ment of J\idicial ( )fficers tinder the ( "onstitution of the United States." 
 He is a member of the Union, Metrojx litan. University, and Harvard 
 i-hibs, the Downtown Association, and the St. Nicholas Society, lb- 
 was hot II in New Y(U'k City, and is the son of Abraham Kynier \'an 
 Nest and :\Iargaret Willett. His ancestors include, besides the Van 
 Nests, the P.ronsons. ^^■illetts, Bamdv<'rs, Fields, and Buns<Mi. 
 
 CPOOK, ABEL, was educated at Williams College and the Colum- 
 bia College Law Scho(d, and since 18(!4 has been engaged in the i>rac- 
 tice of law. During the last twenty years he has had a large practice 
 as counsel for coi])orations and in will contests. He is a director in 
 
288 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 various corporations. In 1880 and ISSl he was President of the New 
 York State Association lor tlie Protection of Fish and Game. He 
 conducted tlie tournament of 1881 at Coney Ishind. He is a. member 
 of tlie American Fislieries Society, the Brooklyn, Accomack, and 
 Fountain Gun clubs, the Brooklyn and State Bar associations, and 
 the American Academy of Political and Social Science. He is a mem- 
 ber of every INIasonic oi'der, includinji' the Xew York Consistory, 
 Mecca Shrine. He was born in Brooklyn, July 6, 1812, and is the sou 
 of Samuel Crook and Mary Hanson. He descends from General 
 Crook, of Cromwell's Armv. 
 
 WAEEEN. LY^MAN EDDY, a younger brother of Ira DeForest 
 Warren, and his ])nrtTier in the New Y'ork law firm of Warren, Mooth- 
 
 by & WaiTen, was born in Cort- 
 land County, Xew York, Septem- 
 ber 4, 1817. He was educated 
 at tlie academies at Montrose, Pa., 
 and Cortland, X. Y., studied 
 law with Hon. Horatio Ballard, 
 cx-Secretary of State of Xew 
 York, and was admitted to the bar 
 in 1868. He began the practice 
 of law with his brother, William 
 II. Warreu, at Cortland, X. Y., 
 subsequently establishing himself 
 successively at Ithaca and Auburn. 
 His imrtner at Auburn was ex- 
 Senator William B. Woodin. In 
 1888 he removed to X"ew York 
 City. He was counsel for the 
 estate of Ezra Cornell, founder of 
 Cornell University. He has vis- 
 ited almost every European country to defend the patent rights of his 
 clients, the Lee Arms Company. 
 
 i.l.MAN KUhl WAUKK.N. 
 
 FLAM:MEB, CHAKLES a., was educated in the Xew York public 
 schools, in 18(Jl was graduated from the College of the City of X'^ew 
 York, and since 1866 has been engaged in the practice of law. He was 
 elected to the X"ew York Assembly in 1872. In 1873 he was a School 
 Trustee for the Twenty-second Ward of the city, and the same year 
 Avas appointed a Police Justice. In 1895 he was appointed by Mayor 
 Strong a City Magistrate. He is the author of " Committing jMagis- 
 trate." He is a member of tlie Anon Society, the Liederkrauz, the 
 City Bar Association, and the Lutheran and Adirondack League clubs. 
 He was born in Xew York Citv. June 28, 184.5, tlie son of John G. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 289 
 
 Flammei' and Augusta W., dau^litur of Kail Kramer, ills father was 
 Mce-Presideiit of the West Bide Bank. His ancestors came from 
 ^^'ul•tember<^■, Germany. 
 
 MOSS, FKANK, has been a resident of New Yorl.: City since 18(57; 
 attended the public schools and the College of the City of New York; 
 studied law with Joseph Fettretch, while also being a member of 
 the tirst class of graduates from the Chautauqua Litcraiy and Scien- 
 tific Course; was admitted to the bar in 1881 ; for two years remained 
 with Mr. Fettretch, and since 1883 has been engaged in law practice 
 in New York City on his own account. He is executor of the wills 
 and estates of the late .Maltby C. 
 Lane and John Risco. and coun- 
 sel of the Board of Trustees of 
 Sailors" Snug Harbor. In 1885, 
 as counsel for property-owners 
 on West Twenty-s<n-enth Street, 
 he succeeded in ridding that sec- 
 tion of the ■• Tenderloin " Dis- 
 trict of disre])utable resorts. In 
 this connection he gaini'il his 
 firsi: insight into the corrupt re- 
 lations between pcdice officials 
 and law-breakers. He gathei-ed 
 midence. and, in 1887, boldly 
 jnosecuted Ca]>tain Alexander 
 S. Williams, police commander 
 of the "Tenderloin" District, 
 for neglect of duty. The abili- 
 ties and fearlessness which he 
 displayed in this case led Dr. 
 Howai'd Crosby to offer him the 
 position of counsel to the Society 
 for the I'revention of Crime, of 
 which that eminent divine wa.s 
 
 then President. Dr. Parkhurst succeeded Dr. Crosby as its Presi- 
 dent. Mr. iloss was soon made a, director of the Society, as well 
 as its counsel, and was one of its Executive Committee of Three 
 — Dr. Parkhurst and Thaddeus D. Kenneson being the other two — 
 that inaugurated and carried through the campaign against police 
 corruption, which is now a matter of history. As Associate Counsel 
 to the Lexow- Senate Investigating Committee, he brought the long 
 campaign to fruition, the ma]>ping out of the course of tlie investi- 
 gation, tlie selection of the witnesses for the stand, and the indication 
 of the testimony to be brought out, being in his hands. The political 
 result was the overthrow of Tammanv Hall and the election of :Mayor 
 
 FRANK MOSS. 
 
290 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Strong. Uuder the reform administration it is well known that the 
 Police Board became evenly divided on questions of policy and effi- 
 ciency of the force, a deadlock resulting which absolutely blocked 
 the most important functions of the Board. In this crisis, upon 
 the resiunation of President Theodore lloosevelt from the Board, in 
 April, iS!»7, ilr. Moss was appointed by Mayor Strong in his place, 
 and by his colleagues was also elected to succeed as President. The 
 deadlock was brought to an end. Mr. Moss made it i)lain that he had 
 knowledge of corrupt practices, and that this would not be tolerated. 
 Commissioner Frederick D. (Irant resigned from the Board, on the 
 ground that he would not be a party to a system of surveillance 
 which did not trust to the honor of the members of the force, and 
 was succeeded by a Commissioner whose views led him to co-operate 
 with the reform — as distinct from the political — element in the Board. 
 The Chief of Police resigned, and Chief of Police McCullagh suc- 
 ceeded him; the filling of vacant positions, which had been blocked, 
 was resumed, and a work of reorganization, to im])rove the morale 
 of the force, was successfully inaugurated. This condition of things 
 was only brought to an end by the removal of Chief McCullagh by 
 the new Board of Police Commissioners a])pointed by Mayor Van 
 Wyck in 1898. Mr. Moss is Professor of ^Icdical Jurisprudence in 
 the New York Medical College and Hospital for \Vomen. He is a 
 trustee of the City Vigilance League, a director of the New York 
 Bible Society, and a member of the Ifepublican and Twilight clubs, 
 the Bar Association of the City, the Law Institute, and the Medico- 
 Legal Society. He was Secretary of the TJepublican Anti-Saloon 
 League, of which the late Xoah Davis was President, and drafti'd 
 the first temperamr plank which found its way into a IJciiublican 
 platform in this State. 
 
 LITTLEFIELD, FREDERICK >L, attended tlic high school at 
 Haverliill, Mass., in 1872 was graduated from Yale University, and 
 two years later was graduated from the Columbia College Law School. 
 He has since been engaged in the i)ractice of law in this city. He 
 enjoys an extensive estate, corporation, and real estate practice. He 
 is interested in several insurance coi-jiorations and real estate im- 
 provement companies. He is a member of the Colonial, Ivejiublican, 
 Delta Kappa Epsilon clubs, the Yale Alumni Association, the New 
 England Society, the American Geographical Society, and the City 
 Bar Association. He Avas liorn in Kennebunk, ^le., November 27, 
 1849, and is the son of Josiah M. Littlefield and Caroline E., daughter 
 of Samuel Kimball. He descends fi'om Edmund Littlefield, who 
 came to Boston in Ifioa, and died at W<'lls, ^Fc. in ir>()l. His ancestors 
 include Captain John Littlefield and Lieutenant Josiah i>ittlefield, 
 of the colonial wars, and Major John Littlefield, of the Revolution. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 291 
 
 WOUDFUUJ), STENNAKT LYNDON, Uuited Htates Minister to 
 Spain, was graduated from Yale iu 1S54 and from Columbia College 
 Law School in IS.")!, and since tlie latter date has been actively en- 
 gaged in legal i)ractice iu IS'ew York City Avhen not engaged in the 
 public service. He served in the Civil War from 18ti2 to 1S(>5, rising 
 to the rank of L>rigadier-(Teneral. He took the Lincoln vote to 
 Washington in lS(i(l as the messenger of the New Y^ork Electoral 
 < 'ollege. Tlie following year he was Assistant United States Attornej' 
 at New Y'ork. In 18(JG he was tlie successful Kepublican candidate 
 for Lieutenant-(ioveruor of tlie State of New Y'ork. The Tkcpublican 
 candidate for Governor in INTO, he was defeated by John T. lloff- 
 nian;bul befoic liis death t lie notorious Tweed confessed that Hoffman 
 had been framhilently counled iu. Elected to Congress in 1S72, tlie 
 same year Mr. ^Voo(lfor(l was a Ke- 
 publican Elector-at-large and I'resi- 
 dent of the New Y'ork Electoral Col- 
 lege. From ISKi to 1SS:*> he was 
 T'nited States Disirid Attorney. 
 In ISliri (ioA'ernor .MortiMi ai)poiutei! 
 him a m<'niber of the commission to 
 draft a charter for the consoli- 
 dated City of New Y'ork. In 1S!»T 
 President McKinley api»ointed liim 
 United States Minister to S]taiii. 
 His skillful and jnudeut condmt of 
 the exceedingly Llelicate negotiations 
 preceding the Spanish-.Vmerican 
 war is a matter of recent history. 
 He is a director and (Jeiicral 
 Counsid of the iMetropolitan Life 
 Insurance Conijiauy, a director of 
 
 the Webster I'iano Company and the Louisiana and Northwest Kail- 
 road, and a trustee of the Franklin Trust Company of Brooklyn and 
 the Ri-o(d<lyn Institute of Arts and Sciences. lie is President ()f the 
 Union League Club of Bi-ooklyii, as lie is also of the New England 
 Society of New Y'ork City and that of Brooklyn. His clubs likewise 
 in(dude the University and Lawyers', of New Y'ork, and the Hamilton 
 and Monlauk, of Hrooklyn. He has received the degrees of LL.D. 
 and D.C.L., and, since IStUJ, has been a trustee of Cornell University. 
 He married, in IS.")!, Julia Evelyn Capen. Of their four (diildren, 
 a daughter survives. P>oin in New Y'ork City, September 3. 1835, 
 Mr. Woodford is the son of the late Josiah Curtis Woodford and 
 Susan Terry, his father being a merchant. He descends fi'om Thomas 
 Woodford, who came from Boston, England, to Plymouth, in 1634; 
 was made a freeman at Dorchester in 1G35; was a member of the 
 original Colony of Hai-tford, and subseipiently became t\ proprietor 
 of Northampton, ^lass. 
 
 GKNKUAI, HTKWAKT L. WOODFORD. 
 
292 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 MAYEK, WILLIA.M El)^VIN CUX, was educated iu the public 
 schools of >s'ew York, iu 1881 beiuy liradiiated froui the rolleye of the 
 Cit}- of NcAv York; studied law with Judye \Mliiam J. Uayuor; was 
 admitted to the bar iu 188*J, aud is uow a member of the Brooklyn law 
 firui of (trout. Jeuks, flayer tV; Hyde. He was prouiiiu'Utly ideutilied 
 with the prosecution of Jolm Y. McKaue iu the (iraveseud electiou 
 cases. He is a member of the Bar associatious of Brooklyn and of 
 the State of >.'ew York. In 1883 he joined the S^eveuth llegiment, 
 National Guard of Xew York, aud has seen active military service, 
 at Buffalo aud Fire Island in 181»2, as Captain in the Thirteenth Eegi- 
 uieut, aud iu the trolley strike iu Brooklyn in 18'J5. He is uow Major 
 and Inspector iu the Second Brigade. He was born iu New York City, 
 January 28, 18()3, the ;^ou of Augustus C. Mayer aud Deborah T., 
 daughter of U'illiam Cox. He is related to General Jacob D. Cox, 
 commander of the Twenty-third Corps in the Civil \Var, and subse- 
 quently Governor of Ohio. His ancestry on the paternal side is 
 Swiss, Dutch, and French. His maternal ancestors were long estab- 
 lished in Couuecticut. 
 
 CLEMENT, NATHANIEL HOLMES, well-known jurist of Brook- 
 lyn, was graduated from the high school of Portsuiouth, N. H., iu 1859; 
 was graduated from Dartmouth College iu 18G3; studied law with 
 Hon. Calvin E. Pratt, of Brooklyn, aud was admitted to the bar in 
 18G7. He has practiced in Brooklyn since, when not upon the bench. 
 He was Judge of tlie City Court of Brooklyn from 1883 to 1887, and 
 its Chief Judge from the hitter date to 1896. From January 1, 1S9G, 
 to Deceudier 31, 189(>, lie was a Justice of the Supreme Court of the 
 State of New York. He is a director of the Kings County Trust Com- 
 pany aud a nu^mber of the Brooklyn, Carleton, aud the Marine and 
 Field clubs. He is Treasurer of the Brooklyn Central Disjiensary and 
 a trustee of the Brooklyu Law Library. He was born iu Tiltou, N. IL, 
 ^lai'cli 23, 1841, aud is the sou of /enas ( -lemeut and Catherine Holmes. 
 He is iu the eighth generation iu di*sceut from Boberi Clement, one 
 of the founders of Haverliill, Mass. His grandfather, Jesse Clement, 
 and his great -graudfathers, Nathaniel Holmes and Jotham Hoar, were 
 all Kevolutionary soldiers. 
 
 MA1H':AN, JOSIAH T., lawyer au<l jurist of Brooklyn, studied 
 law with Euu'rsou, Goodrich ^^ Knowltou, was admitted to the bar in 
 18()G, aud has since practiced iu I'rooklyu. He has served two terms 
 as President of the Brooklyn Har Associatiou. He was a candidate 
 foi- Justice of the Sui)reme Court on the Democratic ticket iu 1895, 
 but was defeated. In 18!l7 he was elected District Attorney of Kings 
 County, and in this capacity prosecuted frauds iu the City Works 
 Department. In 1898 he was elected a Justice of the Supreme Court. 
 He has been for several years President of tJie Brooklyn Chess Club, 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 293 
 
 aud is also a member of tliu Uiuoklvii, iiamilttni, aud Crescent Atli- 
 letic clubs. He was boru in Maine, Broome County, X. Y., April 30, 
 1842, and is tlie son of Chester ^larean and tlie i;rands()n of Henn- 
 ^Marean. His mother was Arvilla, dau!j;hter of Josiah Taylor. Judge 
 ilarean received his early education in the common schools, the Bing- 
 hamton Academy, the Susquehanna Seminary, and the Albany State 
 Normal School. 
 
 FITCH, JOSEPH, has been engaged in the practice of law in New 
 York City since 1882, and has been active in public life in Queens 
 County, New York, where 
 he resides. He was elected 
 to the New York Assem- 
 bly as a Democrat in the 
 fail of 1885 from the First 
 Assembly District of 
 (Queens County, and was 
 re-elected the following- 
 year. In 1894 he received 
 the Democratic nomina- 
 tion for Congress from 
 the First New York Dis- 
 trict, but was defeated by 
 the Republican ti<lal wave 
 of that year. In 1808 lie 
 Iiad been appointed a 
 member of the Board of 
 Education of Flushing, 
 L. I., to complete an un- 
 expired term, and in 18!U 
 was elected to succeed 
 himself for the term e.x- 
 piring in 1899. He was 
 born in Flushing, August 
 27, 1857, the son of Jo- 
 seph Fitch and Avis J., 
 daughter of Thomas H. 
 
 Leggett. Through his mother he descends from Gabriel Leggett, one of 
 the early settlers of Westchester County, New York, where he had an 
 estate of several thousand acres. On the paternal side he descends 
 from Thomas Fit(di and Anna Pew (married in Kill), of Bocking, 
 near Braintree, Essex, England, five of whose sons permanently set- 
 tled in Connecticut. Another son, tiie ancestor of Mr. Fitch, also 
 came over, but subsequently returned to England. Eliphalet I'itch, 
 of England, was tlie great-grandfather of Mr. Fitch, wlnle Ids grand- 
 father, Josepli Fitcli, was Ciovernor-Cieiiernl of the Islanil of Jamaica 
 
 .JOSKI'H FITCH. 
 
294 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 duriiifi' tlie tiist (Iccjulc of tlie present century. Mr. Fitch's father, 
 also Joseph Fitch, was born in 1811. at Uayside, L. I., while tlie (iov- 
 ernor and his wife were there on a visit. ^Ir. I'^itch attended Flushing 
 Institute; in lS7t> was graduated from Swarl hiimre College, Penn- 
 sylvania; studied law with Charles \\'. Pleasants, of New York City, 
 at the same tinu' atieiiding tlie Columbia College Law Sclujol, and, 
 in February, 1882, was admitted to the bar. He has been counsel to 
 the Poard of Health of Flushing since it was organized in 1891. He is 
 a. Mason and a nuMuber of various social clubs. From 1880 to 1887 
 he was Second Lieuteuaut of the Seventeenth Separate Company of 
 the National Cuard <d' the State of New York. In 188G he nuirried 
 Anne L., daughter of Levi P. Pose, one of the most prominent citizens 
 of Yonkers, N. Y. 
 
 COrPTNFY, J(»!1X, was educated in Prooklyn, N. V., originally 
 learned the trade of a coui])ositor, and I lien studied law. He was a 
 Justice of Peace in Prooklyn froui LSI!) to 18!I0. From LS90 to 1804 
 he was Sheriff of Kings (Vniuty. Since 18!IS lie has been a Justice of 
 the S]iecial Sessions Court. He is Presidciil of the Brooklyn Volun- 
 teer Firemen's Association, is a trustee of the I^irc^men's Home at 
 Hudson, N. Y., and is a member of the Columl)ian, Constitution, and 
 Carleton clubs, the Poyal Arcanum, and the Catholic Benevolent 
 Legion. 
 
 DAVENPOUT. WILLIAM BATES, was graduated fiom the 
 Brooklyn P(dytechnic Institute in 18()2, and fi-om Yale College in 18(17, 
 subsecjuently receiving from the latter the degree of Master of Arts. 
 He was cashier of the Metropolitan Life hisurance Company in 1867 
 and I8r)8, studied law, and in 1S7(I was admitted to the bar. He has 
 practiced in Brooklyn since, giving special attention to matters relat- 
 ing to corporations and estates. He has been Public Administrator of 
 Kings County since l^dn-uary 20, 1889. He was a member of the 
 ( '(institutional Convention of 1894, serving on the ( 'ommittee on Cities 
 and Corporations. He is President of the Kings County Jeffersonian 
 P>uilding Association, is a trustee of the I*eo])]e's Trust Comi)any of 
 Brooklyn, and is a director of the American District Telegraph Com- 
 pany. He is also President of the Board of Trustees of the Polhemus 
 Memoi'ial Clini<-, he having, in behalf of his ( lient, Mrs. Caroline H. 
 Polhemus, evohcd ihe idea of this institution as a memorial to her 
 husband, the late Henry I). Polhemus. He is President of the New 
 England Society in Brooklyn, and Is a trustee of the Brooklyn Insti- 
 tute of Arts and Sciences. He has been President of the Brooklyn 
 Yale .Mumni Association, as he has been of the Polytechnic .Vlumni 
 Association. He is a member of tln^ TTniversity and Yale clubs of 
 Manhattan Borough, as he is of the Hamilton, Crescent, and Athletif 
 clubs of Brooklvu, the Soeietv of Colonial Wars, the Sons of the 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 29;- 
 
 Revolmioii, tilt" AVulfs Ilcad, and the Senior Secret Soeiety of Yale. 
 Born in New York City, Mardi 10, 1S47, he is the son of Jnlins Dav- 
 enport and ^fary. dansj,iiTer of ^Villiani IJates. He descends from John 
 DavenjKirt, born in ('oA'entry, England, in l.jDT, educated at Majidalen 
 Colle!j,e, Oxford, who was "\'icar of St. Stephen's in Coleman Street, 
 London, and coming' to America became the founder of the New 
 Haven Colony in 1()38. lie also descends from Thomas Benedict, 
 Lieutenant in the Colonial Aimy in 10(1."), a member of the first English 
 Colonial Assembly in New Y<m k, and sevei-al times a mendier of the 
 Connecticut Colonial Assemblv. 
 
 a "%.. 
 
 JOLINE. ADRL\N HOFFilAN. has been engaged in the practice 
 of law in New Y^ork City since 1S72. From 1873 to 187() he was tlie 
 partner of ex-Judge William IL 
 Leonard, became connected with 
 the firm of Butler, Stillman & Hub- 
 bard in 187<i, in 1881 becinning a 
 member of the tirm, and is now a 
 member of the firm of Butler, Not- 
 man, Joline & Mynderse. In recent 
 years be has been chiefly engaged 
 in cases relating to railroads and 
 other large corporations. lie has 
 had charge of most of the railroad 
 litigations of the Central Trust 
 Com[)a uy of New York since 1888. 
 He has been counsel in the reorgan- 
 izations of the East Tennessee, Vir- 
 ginia and <ieorgia,theNickel Plate, 
 the Rio Grande Western, the Scioto 
 Valley, the Houston and Texas 
 Central, the St. Louis and Cidcago, 
 the Minneapolis and St. Louis, th<' 
 Louisville, New Albany and Chicago, the Chicago Cas, and the Brook- 
 lyn Elevated. He has frecpiently appeared in the Federal courts 
 in large foreclosure suits of railway mortgages. He is a director of 
 tlie Lawyers' Surety Company and the American Foreign and Ma- 
 rine Insui-ance Company. He was elected Bresident of the I'rince- 
 ton Club of New York in 181U. and is a member of the LTniversity, Cen- 
 tury, (irolier, and Delta IMii clubs, and the Downtown Association. 
 He is also a member of the New York Historical Society. He was 
 an active member of the commit lee to in<'rease the endowment of 
 Princeton University, and in connection with that institution he, in 
 1890, established the C. O. Joliue ])rize in American political history. 
 Mr. Joline was born in Sing Sing. N. Y.. June 30, 1850. His grand- 
 father, .John Joline, was an intliiential citizen of Princeton, N. .J. His 
 
 ADUIAN HOFFMAN .JOUNK.. 
 
296 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 father, Charles Oliver Joliue, was a soldier in both the Mexican and 
 Ci^il wars. His mother was a sister of the late John T. Hoffman, Gov- 
 ernor of New York, and the daughter of Dr. Adrian Kissam Hoffman. 
 She was the great-granddaughter of Martinus Hoffman, of Red Hook, 
 Dutchess County, X. Y., and Alida, daughter of Philip Livings- 
 ton, and granddaughter of Kobert Livingston. Lord of Livingston 
 Manor. At the age of thirteen, Mr. Joline acted as clerk to a mili- 
 tary commission at Norfolk. Va., to tiw Dr. Wright for the murder of 
 Lieutenant Sanborn. In 1S04. he served as Clerk to the Militaiw Com- 
 mission to try political prisoners at Fort Lafayette. In 1866 and 
 1807, he was Clerk in the offices of Street Commissioner and Mayor 
 of New York City. He was prepared for college at Mount Pleasant 
 Academy, and in 1870 was graduated from Princeton College, where 
 he had distinguished himself. He was junior orator, won the prize for 
 essay of the Cliosophic Society, won the prize for essay offered by the 
 Xassaii Literary Magazine, and wrote the class ode and delivered the 
 literary oration at commencement. He studied law in New York 
 City in the office of P>rown. Hall iV: N'auderpoel. also attending the 
 Columbia College Law School, and was graduated from the latter, 
 and admitted to the bar, in 1872. He was married, in 1870. to Mary 
 E.. daughter of Hon. Francis Larkin, the distinguished leader of 
 the Westchester bar. 
 
 DUTCHEK, AXDKEY\', educated in i)ublic and private schools, 
 was admitted to the bar at Fort Wayne, Ind., in 1815. In 1851 was 
 admitted to the Xew Jersey bar, and began practice at Trenton; from 
 1808 to 1870 followed his profession at Elizabeth, X. J., and since the 
 latter date has practiced in Xew York City. He was a member of the 
 X^eAV Jersey Legislature for three terms, and in 1857 was Speaker of 
 the House. From 1850 to 1805 he was a law reporter, while from 
 1802 to 1869 he was Clerk of the United States Circuit Court. He is 
 a brother of Silas B. Dutcher, of Brooklyn, and was bom in Spring- 
 field, Otsego County, X'. Y., August 20, 1822. He is the son of Parcefor 
 Carr Dutcher and Johannah Low I'rink. His great-grandfather on his 
 mother's side was a captain in the Kevolution. Among his ancestors, 
 the Dutchers, Knickerbockers, and Ten Eycks were from Holland, 
 the Lows and Beardsleys from England, and the Frinks from liliode 
 Island. 
 
 BROXK, WILLIAM REA, haviug prepared for college under a 
 private tutor at Albany, in 1880 was graduated from Cornell Univer- 
 sity, at the siime time studying hiw with ^lynderse Van Cleef, of 
 Ithaca, X". Y., and in 1880 was admitted to the bar. For one year he 
 was Assistant United States District Attorney in X'ew York City un- 
 der General Stewart Woodford, tlieii became District Attorney, and 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 297 
 
 ill 18S2 resigiifd and entered upon prixafc practice in New York. 
 Since 1885 he has been counsel for the estate of tlu^ late Commodore 
 C. K. Garrison, has been counsel for eiyht years of the New York 
 Mutual Gas Light Company, and is counsel for the Hazelton Boiler 
 Company and other coi-porations. He is a member of the Holland 
 Society, the New Y'ork Athletic, Delta Thi, Thirteen, and other clubs, 
 and of (iood Governmeut Club A. Born in New Baltimore, Greene 
 County, N. Y., September 17. 1856, he is the son of Ephraim P. Bronk 
 and Jane Van Slyke. He descends from Jduas Bronck, a native of 
 Holland, who settled in Westidiester County in 1G39, and gave his 
 name to the Bronx River. 
 
 MY'NDEKSE, WILHELMUS. has been engaged in the practice of 
 law in New York City since 1875, and is a member of the welbknown 
 law firm of Butler, Notinan, Joliiic 
 & Mynderse. He attended iMyn- 
 derse Academy, established by his 
 grandfather at Seneca Falls, N. Y., 
 Mount Pleasant Military Academy, 
 in 1871 Avas graduated from Will- 
 iams College, delivering the salu 
 tatory oration, and in 1875 was 
 graduated from the Columbia C(d- 
 lege Law School. He was cnn- 
 nected Avith the law tirni of Butler, 
 Stillman & Hubbard continudusly 
 from 1875 until he joined witli the 
 head of that firm in organizing liis 
 ]»resent firm. He has especially 
 devoted himself to the department 
 embracing maritime and admiralty 
 law, including the steamshi]) and 
 marine insurance business. He is 
 Vice-President of the Sigma Phi 
 
 Society, of New Y'ork City, and is one of the charter members of the 
 Holland Society. He is a Vestryman of Grace Church, a trustee of 
 the Brooklyn Hospital, a director of the Long Island Historical So- 
 ciety, and a manager of the Church Charity Foundation of the Dio- 
 cese of Long Island. He is a member of the University. Grolier. and 
 Sigma Phi clubs, and the Downtown Association of New York City, 
 and the Hamilton. Civic, and Church clubs of Brooklyn. He was born 
 at Seneca Falls. N. Y'.. November 25, 18-19. the son of Edward 'Slyu- 
 derse and Lilias Muir. The first American ancestor on the paternal 
 side came from Holland in Kill), and settled at Albany. The grand- 
 father of Mr. Mynderse, after whom he was named, was born in Al- 
 bany in 17<)7. He acquired a large tract of land, with water rights. 
 
 WILHELMUS MYNDERSE. 
 
298 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 (lu the Seueea River, aud in 1800 became tlie founder of the town of 
 Seneca Falls. He married Jane Van Cleef. 
 
 BRADBHAW, CHARLES, was born in Brooklyn, X. Y.. May 18, 
 1854. the son of Hamilton B. Bradshaw, a lawyer, and Caroline A. 
 Peck. He was educated in private schools in Brooklyn and under 
 private tutors, studied la^^■ in his father's office and at the Columbia 
 Collei^e Law School, and since his admission to the bar has been 
 eniiaLied in ,ueneral practice in Brooklyn. His paternal ancestors 
 came to America from County Antrim, Ireland, in 1715. They de- 
 scended from Uchtred, a Saxon Tliane of Lancashire, England, who, 
 under the name of de Bi-adsha\v was invested with otTfic(- and estates 
 by AVilliam the Conqueror. The maternal ancestors came from Suf- 
 folk ('ounty, Enjiland, to America in 1030. ilr. Bradshaw married, 
 first, Elsie A. Lisht, and, second, Daisy Furbish. His children are 
 John, Alice, y\ax. Elsie, IJ.nLdiil]>h, and Harold. 
 
 CARROLL, JOSEPH WILLLVM, attended the Brooklyn public 
 scliools until fourteen years of ajic, then studied at St. Mary's College, 
 ^lontreal, and St. Francis Xavier's CoUeiie, New York City, being 
 gradiuited from the latter in 1870, and subse([uently receiving its 
 degree of ^Master of Arts. ^^ Idle he was also graduated from the 
 Columbia College Law School. Admitted to the bar in May, 1882, he 
 practicrd law from that time until December, 1881, when he accepted 
 an a]i]>ointment as Clerk in the Supreme Court of Kings County. On 
 Januaiy 1, 1801, he became Chief Clerk in the Kings County Surro- 
 gate's office. He is a trustee of the Jamaica Normal School, a director 
 of the Roman Catholic Orphan Asylum of Brooklyn, the Brooklyn 
 ("atholic Histoiical Society, and the Bro(ddyn Discipliuary Training 
 School for Boys, and is a trustee of the Catholic Seminary School of 
 America. He is a member of the Columbian and Crescent Athletic 
 clubs, and (d' rhe Jackson Democratic Club of the Seventh \Vard of 
 Brooklyn. He was born in Bnxddyn, February 2, 18r)'.t. the son of 
 Thomas Carroll and Julia Devy. Both parents were natives of ^Mount- 
 melleck. Queens County, Indand. His father was a member of the 
 Brooklyn Boar.l of Education from 18.59 to 1870, was Register of 
 Kings County from 1880 to 188:'., and was a Police Commissioner of 
 Brooklyn from 18Su to 1888. By Governor Tilden he was comniis- 
 sioned in 1870 Lieutenant-Colonel of the Second Brigade, National 
 Guard. Fntil his deaili, in 1S88, he was prominent in public and 
 charitable moxcuieuts in Brooklyn. 
 
 FITCH, THEODORE, for a number of years one of the leaders 
 of the bar of Westchester County, New York, since 1SS3 has been 
 <'ngaged in the ])ractice of law in New York City. The son of Rev. 
 Silas Fitch and .Marv Anumda \Vhite, he was born in Franklin. Dela- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 299 
 
 ware Couiitv, X. V., March ;J0, 1S44. He jiicparcd tor cdUct;!' at 
 academies in I'ou^hkeepsie and Middletown, X. Y.; for two years 
 subse(inent to 185!) attended Troy University; tautiht tlic^ San^erties 
 (X. Y. ) Academy for one year, and enteriui;- the junior class at Y'ale 
 University in 18G2, was graduated from tliat institution in 1S(!4. He 
 taujilit tlie Delaware Academy at Delhi, X. Y., for three years, at 
 the same time studying law wit li Hon. William Murray; in May, 18G7, 
 was admitted to the bai-, and in ( )ctober of the same year engaged 
 in practice at Yonkers. X. Y. He served three terms as (!'ity Attornej^ 
 of Yonkers, from 1877 to 1884, and won every case which he con- 
 ducted for the city, with a single exception, in which he was also 
 virtually successful, greatly reducing the claim against the city. Mr. 
 Fitch still resides in Y'onkers, hut. 
 since 1883, has practiced law ex 
 clusively in Xew York City as head 
 of the firm of T. and i^. H. Fitch, in 
 partnerslii]! wirh his hrotlier, Silas 
 Redding Fitch. He was mairied, 
 February 4, 18(;<», to Catherine 
 Hawley, daughter of Kev. Sam- 
 uel (loodrich ( 'oe, of Xew Haven, 
 Coun., a graduate from Yale, 1838, 
 au-d lias a son, Frederick Coe 
 Fifcli, and three dauglitei's. Mr. 
 Fitch lineally descends fiom 
 Thomas Fitch, who emigrated In 
 Saybrook, Conn., in 1038, and sub 
 se(|uently settled at X'orwalk. Conn. 
 One of his grandsons, Thomas 
 Fitch, liccanie Covernor of Con- 
 necticut. The enugrant Avas the 
 eldest son of Thomas Mtcli and 
 
 Anna Few, of Rocking, adjoining Braintree, Essex, England, a de 
 sc( I'dant of John Fitch, of Fitch Castle, in the parish of \Yiddington, 
 Northwestern Essex, where he was seati'd 12!>4 A.D. 
 
 TllEODOKK FITCH. 
 
 :\rO()i;F, HABBISOX' S., attended the Middletown Academy at 
 
 Half on, Saiatoga County, X. Y'., tlie Xew York State Xormal 
 
 School, studied law, and since his admission to the bar has practiced 
 his profession in (Queens County. He has been counsel to the Board 
 of Su|!ei-\ isors <ir (Queens County, and to several village boards, and 
 lias been Chairman of the (,.Mieens County Kepublican Central (3om- 
 nii(te<-. He has been County Judge of (^(ui'ens County since December 
 -!S, 18!t(3. On December :J<». 18'.M1, (iovernor .Morton appointed him a 
 Commissioner on the charter of X'e\\ ^Ork City, to succeed <iai'r(4 J. 
 Carretson, resigned. He is a member of the IJeformed Dutch Church 
 
:iOO HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 of North Heiupstt'iul, L. I., as lie is of rorinKo]iia Lodjic, Free ami 
 Accepted Mai^ons, of Flushing; the Xiautic Club of that place, and the 
 Lincoln Club of Long Island City. He was at one time princii^al of 
 the Union Free School of Flushing. He was born in Waterford, Sara- 
 toga County, X. Y., April 23, 1849, and is the son of Lewis K. Moore 
 and Lucinda -J., daughter of James Bassett. His father served 
 throughout the Rebellion as Coii^oral in Comj^auy G, Twenty-eighth 
 AN'iscousin ^'olunteers. On both sides Judge Moore's ancestors served 
 in the Revolution and the War with Mexico. 
 
 FOSDICK, LEWIS L., was born in Springfield, Jamaica, Queens 
 County, X. Y , July 21, 1837, and attended Union Hill Academy at 
 Jamaica, and the New York University. He studied law, and since 
 his adniissidii to the bar has always practiced at Jamaica. His father, 
 Morris Fosdick, teacher, sui'veyor, conveyancer, Judge, and Suito- 
 gate, died in 1892, and was descended from ancestors who settled in 
 Charlestown, Mass.. in KJS."). Mr. Fosdick's mother was Catherine J. 
 IJaylis. Mr. Fosdick was himself married, first, to Julia E. Benuet, 
 in 1861, and, second, to Mary Elvise Teri-y, in 1878. His children, both 
 of whom reside in Jamaica, are ^lorris ^I. Fosdick and Ella L. ^lills, 
 wife of William H. Mills. 
 
 PAGE, CHARLES B., lawyer and State Senator from the Seven- 
 teenth Senatorial District of X'ew York, was born at Oleaii, N. Y., 
 November 4, 1851, and is the sou of Rufus L. Page and Elizabeth A. 
 Hall. He attended the schools and academies of Glean, N. Y., and 
 New Marlboro. Mass., and at nineteen years of age came to New 
 York and commenced the study of law. In 1870 he was admitted to 
 the bar, and engaged in practice. He was elected to the State Senate 
 on the Republican ticket for a term of three years, beginning Janu- 
 ary 1, 1806. During the session of 181(6 he served as a member of the 
 committees on Cities, Railroads, Codes, Militaiw Affairs, and Public 
 Health. 
 
 SHORT, EDWARD LY.M A X. attended private schools in New York 
 City and Phillips Academy, Andover, Mass.; in 1875 was graduated 
 from Columbia College with first honors, having taken prizes in Greek 
 during each year of the college course; studied law with the New 
 York law firms of Foster & Thomson and Knox & MacLean, and in 
 1878 was graduateil from the Columbia College Law School and ad- 
 mitted to the bar. In 1884 he became a member of the law firm of 
 Davies & Rapallo. He is now a member of the firm of Da vies. Stone 
 & Auerbach, formed by amalgamation of the firms of Davies, Short 
 6c Townsend and Lowrey, Stone \: Auerbach. He is general solicitor 
 of the Mutual Life Insurance Company of New York, and has been 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 yoi 
 
 enga.iied in a nuniln'i' of important railroad, taxation, and insiii-ance 
 cases. He lias pnblislied " Tlu' Law of Jlailroad Bonds an<l Moi't- 
 gages." He is a member of the Metropolitan, University, and Cain- 
 met clubs, the ^<ons of the IJevolution, and the Society of <'olonial 
 AYars. Born in riiiladelplda, September 30, 1854, he is tlif son of 
 the late eminent classical 
 scholar, Charles Short, Ll^.D., 
 and Anne Jean, daughter of 
 Hon. Elihu Lyman, of Green- 
 field, Mass., lawyer and State 
 Senator. Through his father 
 lie descends from Henry 
 Short, who immigrated to 
 New England from England 
 in 3 634, as alsf> from Henry 
 Scwall, Mayor of Coventry, 
 England, ances-tor of Jndgv 
 Samuel Sewall, of Massaclm 
 setts. Through his mother he 
 descends from IJichard Ly- 
 man, of High Ongar, Eng- 
 land, who became one of tlie 
 founders of Hartford, Conn. 
 He mairiiMl, in 1887, Anna 
 Livingston, rlaughter of the 
 late .Tolin Jules Petit and 
 Cornelia ilargaretta Livings- 
 ton, and has a daughter and a 
 son — L i V i u g s t n Lyman 
 
 Short. Mrs. Sliort descends from the Livingston, Beekman, de Pey- 
 sters, \'anBrugh, Koosevelt, and l>\vight families. 
 
 EI)W.\K!> I.VMAN SIloKI. 
 
 TAYLOR, HO\YABD .A UGLSTLS, was graduated from Harvard 
 College in 1886, served for a short time as re])orter on the New Y'ork 
 Tribune: studied law with AA'illiam B. Hornblower; was adnntted to 
 the bar in 1888, and then became a member of the hrm. the jtresent 
 style of which is Hornblower. F.yrne, Taylor & Miller. He has argued 
 cases in the Court of Appeals ami the Federal courts. While at col- 
 lege he was prominent in athletics, aiid notably as a tennis player. He 
 won the tennis chami»i(.nsliip at Harvard, the intercollegiate cham- 
 pionship, and the National Association championship at Xewjiort 
 in 1881. He is a member of the [Metroiiolitan, Century, Bacquet, I'ni- 
 versity. and Harvaid clubs, the Downtown Association, the Society 
 of Sons of the Kevolution, and the City Bar Association. He was born 
 in New York Citv. November 23. 186.-), and is the son of Henry Angus- 
 
302 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 tu8 Taylor ami (/atlK'iine Aujiiista Osboi-ii. On the maternal side lie 
 descends troni one of the old laniilies of i^^aleni, Mass.; while Taylor 
 Hill, the paternal homestead, on the Connecticut Iviver, south of Mid- 
 dletowii, ("onn., has beiMi in the famih' since 1(I4S. 
 
 CUlvlE, CHARLES, especially known as a lawyer for his successful 
 conduct of tariff cases, is a director of the Patersou IJaihvay, the Pat- 
 erson Central Electric Railroad, the New Jersey Electric Railroad, 
 the Jersey City, Hoboken, and Rutherford Railway Company, and the 
 Holtz and Freystedt Comi)any. He is a member of the Union League, 
 Hamilton, Lincoln, and Riding and Driving clubs, of Brooklyn; the 
 New York Athletic and I'nited Service clubs, and the Arion Society 
 
 of New York and the Lake Hopat- 
 cong Club, of New Jersey. He was 
 born at Audincourt, Department 
 (In Duobs, France; his parents, 
 I'rederick Curie and Dorethe Mali- 
 eiia ] )iemer, coming to America and 
 settling at Paterson, N. J., when he 
 was two years of age. He attended 
 tlie Paterson public schools and 
 the Bryant & Stratton Commercial 
 ('(dlege at Cleveland, Ohio, and 
 tlicn enlisted in the Ninth New- 
 York Volunteers (Hawkins's Zou- 
 aves), and serv(>d until the close of 
 the Civil War. He Avas mustered 
 out wifli the rank of Captain, hav- 
 ing i>articii»ated in the engage- 
 ments of natteras,Roanoke Island, 
 Camden, South ^lountain, and An- 
 tietam; the Washington, A'irginia, 
 and .Maiyland Caini)aigu of -Inly, ISd.'}; the cami>aign against Forrest 
 in Kentucky, Tennessee, and Mississi]ipi, in the fall of 1S03; Sherman's 
 raid to ^Meridian in February, 18(i4; the Missouri Campaign, from the 
 3Iississippi to Kansas in the fall of 18(54, and the Red River Expedition 
 in the spring of 18(>5. He is President of the Ninth Army Corps, is 
 I'ast-President of the Roanoke Military Association, is Past-President 
 of the HaAvkins's Zouaves Association, is a member of the Military 
 Order of the Loyal Legion of New York, and of Farragut Post, Grand 
 Army of the Republic, of Paterson, N. J., and is an Honorary Member 
 of C. A. Kimball I'ost, Grand Army of the Republic, of New Y'ork 
 City. He studied law with Thomas D. Hoxey, of Paterson, N. J., and 
 the"^firm of Hawkins, Barnet .V: Pannes, of New Y'ork City, and in 1882 
 was graduated from the College of the City of New Y'ork, in May of 
 that year being admitted to tlie bar at I'oughkeepsie. N. Y. He has 
 
 CHARLES CURIE. 
 
ENC\CLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 303 
 
 beeu eugaiied in idju-tice iu this city siiu-c. He nuiriicil, Maicli 24, 
 1870, Jennie, daughter of James Andrews, a ]>i<)iiiineut manufactui-er 
 of Patersou. X. J., and has a datighter and a sun — Charles Ctirie, Jr. 
 The latter was graduated from the New York Law School in 1893, 
 and is engaged in practice with his father. Mr. Curie's winter resi- 
 dence is in Brooklyn, his summer Iiouk^ being Idlcwild. Cornwall-oii- 
 H ml sou. 
 
 WMITH, AKTE.MAS BKKUIAM, of the New York law tirm of 
 Smith L^ Bowman, has been contiutiously engaged in the practice of 
 liis profession in New York City since his admission to the bar, in 
 April, 1870. lie practiced alone for ten years, and iu 1880 formed the 
 present firm. The son of (George Smith and Eunice (lartield. he is of 
 New England ancestry on both sides, and w'as born in Westminster, 
 ^Vol•^■ester County, Mass., March 21, 1844. He was graduated from 
 Amherst College in 1SG8, and began the study of law iu tlio ofiice of 
 Kice & Blackmer, of Worcester, Mass. A year later lie came to New 
 York City, attended the Columbia College Law School, and was ad- 
 mitted to the bar in the spring of 1870. He resides in Brooklyn. He 
 is a member of the New York Law Institute and the Lincoln CInli of 
 Brooklyn. 
 
 PROVOST, ANDREW JACKSON, lawyer, traces his ancestry to 
 AN'illiam Provost, a native of Paris, avIio escajied the St. Bartholomew 
 massacre in 1572 by tleeing to Holland, where he married a Frencli 
 Huguenot lady. David Provost, third in descent from this William, 
 came to New Amsterdam in 16.34. and was made commandant of Fort 
 Good Hope. The family was represented in the Rev(dution by tlie live 
 sons of Jonathan Provost, who served as patriots during the entire 
 struggle. Samuel Provost, a member of the family, was the first 
 Protestant Episcopal bishop of New York, rector of Trinity Parish, 
 Regent of the University of New York, and Chaplain of Congress. 
 Andrew Jackson Provost, the son of David and Elizalieth Hendrick- 
 son Provost, is a native of this city, and was boi-n April 2, ls:U. He 
 attended the public schools of Brooklyn, and was graduated in 1851 
 from Williston Seminary, at Easthampton, Mass. He studied law 
 with Cram & Cornell, of New Y'ork, and for four years remained witli 
 this firm. Admitted to the bar in 1855, he began practice iu Brook- 
 lyn, btit since 1880 has had his main office iu Manhattan Borough. He 
 served as a member of the Brooklyn Board of Education from 18(i4 
 to 18G8; was School Commissioner of Queens County from 1874 to 
 1878, and for five years was President of the Board of Education of 
 the Fifth Dis-trict of Flushing. L. I. He was a Democratic member 
 of the New York Assembly from 1859 to 18G1. In 1870 he was elected 
 Justice of the Peace and Police Judge in Queens County, and served 
 until 1878. He has compiled and published a volume of genealogical 
 
304 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 it'senrrli, eutitlfd '• Prove )st-rrovoost-Pr()Vost Family Ii<n-()i(l, 1545- 
 1895." He is a member of tlie Long' Island Historical iSociety aud of 
 the Hanover and Ampbion clubs of Brooklyn. He was a member of 
 the consistory of the First (Dutch) Reformed Church of Brooklyn 
 from 18S6 to 1895. In June, 1851, he married Harriet, dauj;hter of 
 Judii'e Obadiah Tittis. of Dutchess Countv, New York. 
 
 FANNING, ^VILLIAM JOSEPH, was engaged in the practice of 
 law in Colioes, N. Y., from 1873 to 1880; as a member of the firm 
 of Crawford & Fanning, and, since 1880, has followed his profession 
 in New York City. He is an expert in respect to the law affecting 
 inu-keepers, and since 1881 has been legal adviser of the Hotel As- 
 sociation of the City of New York, 
 as well as that of the State of New 
 York. He has drawn up many 
 statutes relating to hotel-keepers, 
 and has frequently appeared before 
 legislative committees to conserv^e 
 the interests of his clients. His 
 " Handbook of Hotel Law "' is an 
 authority on the subject treated. 
 An article from his pen in the 
 Xorth American Rrcicic for August, 
 1893, attracted wide attention. He 
 has served as School Trustee in the 
 Eighteenth Ward of New York 
 City. In 1895 Mayor Strong ap- 
 pointed him City Magistrate at a 
 salary of |7,000, but he declined 
 the honor. He is a Democrat, and 
 a member of the Manhattan, 
 Democratic, Catholic, and Lawyers' 
 clubs, tlie New York lioard of Trade and Transportation, and the 
 Metropolitan Museum of Art. He married, in 1881, Annie, daughter 
 of A. L. Ashman, of New York City. Of Irish descent, Mr. Fanning 
 was born in Crescent, Saratoga County, N. Y., July 12, 1850, the son 
 of James Fanning and Jolianna Fitzgei"ald. He was educated at the 
 Half Moon Institute of Middletown, Saratoga County; passed the 
 Regents' examination; continued study under private tutors; spent 
 a year at Rome. Italy; studied law with James F. Crawford, of Co- 
 hoes, N. Y., whose partner he subseipiently became, and, in 1873, was 
 graduated from the Law School of the University of the City of New 
 York. 
 
 WILLIAM JOSEPH FAXNIN(; 
 
 STEPHENS, STEPHEN DOVER, County Judge and SuiTOgate 
 of Richmond County, was born at Richmond, S. I., April 19, 1845. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY 305 
 
 His fatlu'i- and ])at('i-iial ancestors i\n- three f;eneratious were born 
 iu New York City, wliile liis mother and maternal ancestors were 
 natives of Stateu Island. He pursued preparatory studies at Trin- 
 ity School, New York City, and in 18GG he was graduated from Colum- 
 bia College. In 18(58 he was graduated from the Columbia College 
 Law School, also receiving the degree of Master of Arts. He imme- 
 diately entered upon the practice of law. He is a Democrat. He rep- 
 resented Richmond County in the Assembly of 1874. and served on the 
 impoi'tant committees on Kailroads and on ^'i]lag■es. He was re- 
 elected to the Assembly of 187."), and that year sm'ved as Chairman 
 of the Committee on Villages and as a member of the conunittees on 
 Railroads and on Public Lands. In 1881 he was elected County Judge 
 and Surrogate of Kichmond (bounty by a. large luajority, and was re- 
 elected in 1887, and again in 18!>o. Some of the most iiuportant cases 
 which have ever arisen in Richmond County have come before him. 
 He is a member of the Episcopal Church, a regular attendant at old 
 St. Andrew's, at Riciiniond. In 1SS4 lie married Agues L. Lasar, of 
 Brooklyn, a descendant of the old i'itkin family of (.'ouuecticnt. They 
 have t\\d sons — Stephen D., Jr., and Richmond. 
 
 KETCHT'M. ALEXANDER PHOENIX, was graduated in 1858 
 from tlie College of the City of New York, having taken i)rizes iu 
 natnral histoiy, drawing, mathematics, and oratory; for a year was 
 tutor in drawing and mathematics in this institution, and in 18<!() 
 was graduated from tiie Albany Law School. He entered the Fed- 
 eral service during the Civil War; was staff officer of GtMieral Sax- 
 ton, Military Governor of South Carolina; was transferred to the 
 staff of General Howard; was acting Assistant Adjutant-General at 
 Charleston and Washington, and resigned from the anny in Septem- 
 ber, LS(;7, with the I'ank of Brevet (Vilonel. In 1869 President Gi-ant 
 appointed him Assessor of Internal Revenue for the Ninth New York 
 District. He subsequently became Collector in the same disti-ict. 
 In 1871 he was made General Appraiser of Customs at the port of 
 New York. In 1883 President Arthur appointed him Chief Ai)praiser. 
 He resigned in 1885, and has since practiced law. He was one of 
 the founders of the Mount Morris Bank, and was its first President. 
 In ISUO and 1891 ho was President of the Presbyterian Union in New 
 York City. For four years he was President of the Alumni Asso- 
 ciation of the College of the City of New York. He is now President 
 of the City College Club. He is also a member of the New York 
 Yacht. Atlantic Yacht, Larchmont Yacht, Merchants', Central, Alpha 
 Delta Phi, Quill, Harlem, Republican, Hai-lem Republican, New 
 Rochelle Yacht, Riverside Yacht, and Hliode Island Yaciit clubs, 
 the Ne-R- England Society, the Phi Beta Kappa Society, the Archreo- 
 logical Society, the Numismatic Society, the Bar Associati<m of the 
 city, that of the State, ami the ^Military Order of the Loyal Legion. 
 
306 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Born ill Xpw Haven, f'onn., ^fav 11. 1839, he is tlie son of Edgar 
 Ketflmni and Elizabeth riioenix, both of old New York families. 
 His father was a lawyer of this eitv. He is a uraTidsoii ni' K'cv. Alex- 
 ander Phoenix, and great-grandson of Daiii(d Phoenix, eminent New 
 York merchant, who was the hrst Comptroller of the City (d" New 
 York, a member of tlie first Chamber of Commerce, and Chairman 
 of the delegation of mertdiants on the occasion of the inangnration 
 of Washington. He also descends from Cornelins Van Tienhoven, 
 Secretary of New Netherlands; from Guleyu Yigiie and Adrianna 
 Cavilge, and from Jacob Phoenix and Anna \'an Vleck — all early 
 s(>ttlers in New York Citv. 
 
 DE GROVE, E1)^YA1^» K.. head of the law linn of 1 »e (in.ve & 
 Riker, is one of tlie promineiit real estate lawyers of New York City. 
 
 ,\inong other im])ortant cases, as 
 attorney of the executors, he suc- 
 ceeded in sustaiiung the will of 
 Sarah Bnrr, in which she had left 
 .f3,0t)0,00(t to ( harity. He was born 
 in New York City. May 5. 1848. the 
 son of Edward ^Y. De Grove and 
 Hester Strachau. His grandfather 
 was Adolphns De (irove and his 
 great-grandfather Pet<'r Adolphns 
 De Grove, the latter being a well- 
 known citizen of this city, his resi- 
 (U'lice being on Franklin S(|iiare, at 
 that time a fashionabh' (piarter. 
 His maternal grandfather, David 
 llitzema. Strachan, was descended 
 from Domine Johannes Ritzema, 
 from 1744 t(( 1784 minister of the 
 ('(dlegiate Reformed Church of this 
 city, and active^ in connection with 
 King's College, now Columbia Uni- 
 versity. Having been graduated 
 from Yale College in 18<;9, Mr. De 
 Grove studied law in the office of Norwood & Coggeshall, of New York 
 City, and at the Ctdnmbia Colh^ge Law School. He was graduated 
 from the latter in 1871, having been admitted to the bar in November 
 of the previous year. He became clerk in tlie law office of J. H. & S. 
 Riker, subse(|uently was admitted to iiartnershi]i, and \\])<>n the re- 
 tirement of Samuel Riker in 1S!I:? |.T. H. Riker having jireviously 
 retired), he became head of the incsent firm, having Samuel Kiker, 
 Jr., as partner. 
 
 EDWARD K. DE GKOVK. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 307 
 
 VAX ^■1•:('IITE^", 1M;AXC1S IIEI.ME, alt.-ndcd till' imhlic scliools 
 (if l>i(i(ikl_\ii, the Bi'uoklyu I'olytcrlinic Institute, and an acadeniy 
 at Stanilord, ("^nn. Vtn- eiyht years lie was connected wltli llie New 
 ^'()lk newspapers, rlsin;n from the position of police conrt reiiorler 
 to tluU of nianai;inL; editor. He studied hiw witli Hon. A. N. Weller 
 and Cliarh's Crar.v, also taking- the course of the ("olunibia College 
 Eaw School, anil in ISTS was admitted to the bar. lie commenced 
 jiractice in New York, hut durinii' the last ten years has mainly 
 ]»racticed in the tSecond -ludicial l>istri(t. He has been counsel in the 
 interest of (Queens ('ounty in a number of important cases. He has 
 appeared in cases of public interest as counsel for Justice Keogh of 
 the Supreme Court; for the County Clerk of Queens County; for the 
 Board of Supeivisors of Queens County, and for ^layor Gleason, of 
 Lon<i- Island City. He was born in llrooklyn. N. V., July 26, ISoO, and 
 is the sou of Junius K. and Helen C. \'an N'echten. His yrandfather, 
 Jacob 'leu IJroeck Vnn Vechten, was a i)romiuent lawyer of Albany, 
 and Grand Master iMasoe of t lie Slate of New York. His srf«'^t-iiTand- 
 father, Abiaham Yau N'echteii, was the eminent New York lawyer 
 of that nanH\ His ](alenial ancestors came to this country from 
 Holland in 1G31. 
 
 INGEKSOLL. KOl'.EKT (iBEEN, was educated in the <(.mmon 
 schools, studied law, and bcjuan practice in Shawneetown, III., in 
 partnership with his brother, Eben Ininersoll, who snbse<|uently be- 
 came a conp,Tessman. They subse(|uently established a law office in 
 I'eoria, 111. .Mr. In^crsipll was defeated as a Democratic candiibite 
 for Conii'i'ess in lS(iO. In 1S(>2 he was commissioned Colonel of the 
 Eleventh Illinois Cavalry. He had become a lieiiublicaii, and, in 1S(I(). 
 was appointed Attorney-(ieneral of tlie State of Illinois. He nomi- 
 nated James G. Blaine for the Presidency in the National Uepublican 
 Convention of ISK! in a speech which established his fame as a 
 ]iolitical orator. He has been counsel in many imiMirtant cases, in- 
 cluding; the "star-route" cases, in wliicli lie ajijieared fin- the defend- 
 ants. He declined the ]iost as I'nited States .Minister to Germany 
 offered him by President Hayes in 1S77. He is a ]>oi)ular lecturer 
 ai;ainst Christianity and the Bible, relyin;L;- u])on wit and ridicule 
 rather than tii)on very profonnd ar,minn'nt. We was born in Dresden. 
 N. Y., August 11, ls:;:j, and is the son of a Congregational clergyman. 
 
 :\rETA'ILLE. HENRY, was graduated from Dartnn)uth College 
 with lionors in lS7!t, at twenty years td' age, for two years taught a 
 ^lassachnselts liigji school, was graduated from the Law Scho(d of 
 Harvard Cniversity in 1SS4. re]iresenting the Law School at the Uni- 
 versity commem-enn^nt. s])ent a year in tlie New York office of James 
 <\ Carter, and in ISS.") was admitted to the New York bar. He be- 
 came the law pai'tuer of the late Koscoe ( 'onkling, prior to the hitter's 
 
,3U8 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 death ill ISSIl. when lie liccaiiic a niciiihci- (if the law tirm of Dousih- 
 erty, ^Ichillc, .S; Swcctzcr, Dauiel Duu.ulierty, the " silver-tongued 
 orator," being its head. The death of Mr. Uouglierty dissolved tills 
 association. IJe is now senior member of the firm of Melville, Mar- 
 tin & Stephens, and has a 
 large praetiee in the higher 
 courts in corporation, patent, 
 and trademark cases. He is 
 a member of the Seventh 
 Regiment N'eterans, now 
 holds the commission of Cap- 
 tain of Comjiany A iu the 
 Eighth Uegiment, National 
 (luaid, New York. For many 
 years he was Secretary of the 
 Kepublican Club of the City 
 i)f New York, while he is also 
 a member of the Lawyers" and 
 Harvard (dubs, the New Eng- 
 land Society, the Bar Asso- 
 ciation of the City of New 
 \(nk, the Society of Colonial 
 ^Vars, and the Society of the 
 Sons of the l^evolutiou. He 
 — was born in Nelson, N. H., 
 August 2r>, 1858, the eldest 
 sou of -Tosiah II. ]\I(dville and 
 ills ancestors particijiated in the colonial 
 
 IIKNHY MELVILI.K. 
 
 Naiicv Xesniit ii 
 
 iOl 
 
 e\i'il (it 
 
 wars (if the country, and nearly as many in the Uevolution, ranging 
 in giade li-oni iiii\ate to Brigadier-General. 
 
 DILLON. JOHN I'^OKKEST. was gradimtcd from the Medical De- 
 partment of Iowa Cniversity, and for six mouths ]iracticed medicine, 
 then took ui» the study of law, and in IS.")!* was admitted to the 
 Iowa bar. He served a term as Prosecuting Attorney of Scott County 
 in that State. In 1858 he was elected Judge of the Seventh Judicial 
 District of Iowa, and was subse(|uently re-elected. During this 
 period he published a digest of Iowa Supreme Court reports. Elected 
 to the Supreme Court of Iowa by the Republican party, he served 
 a term of six years from 18G;J. Fie was re-elected in 1800, and just 
 afteiward was a]>i»()inted by President Grant United States Circuit 
 Judge of the Eighth Judicial District, embracing six States. In 1872 
 he jiublislied his famous ".Municipal Corporations." This was fol- 
 lowed liy " Benioval of Causes from State to Federal Courts" (18751, 
 "Municipal Bonds" (187(>), and "United States Cinuit Court Be- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 309 
 
 ports"" ( 18Tl-l&i8U ). ilc alsu I'ouudL'd the (Jciilral Lair JoHimtl, aii<l 
 for one year edited it. In September, 1879, lie removed to New Yorli 
 City to beeome licueral counsel to the Thiion Pacific Kailwaj' Com- 
 pany and Professor of Iieal Estate and Equity Jurisprudence in the 
 Columbia College Law School. From fSSl lo 1893 he sustained a 
 legal partnership with Ceneral Wager Swayiie. In 1SS2 lie resigned 
 his professorship in Columbia, lie has argued many notable cases 
 in the Court of Appeals and the Supreme Court of the United States. 
 He is counsel of the Missouri Pacific IJailway Coiu])any. the Western 
 Union Telegraph Company, the Manhattan Kailway (^'ompany, the 
 Texas and Pacific llailway Company, and the estates of Jay Gould, 
 Sidney Dillon, and James C. Ayer. In 1891 and 1892 he was Storrs 
 Professor of Municipal Law in Yale University. In 1891 he pub- 
 lished " Laws and Jurisprudence of England and Anieiica." In 1892 
 he was elected President of the American I^ar Association. He was 
 one of the Commissioners appointed l)y Govei'uoi' Moi-ton to prepare 
 •a charter for " Greater New York." He is one (d' tlie forty members 
 of the Institute de Droit International, and is a member of the asso- 
 ciation for the reform and codification of the laws of nations. 
 
 HOKXP.LOWEK, WILLIA3I BUTLER, head of the law firm of 
 Hornblo^^er, I?yrne, Taylor & ^Miller, was graduated from Princeton 
 College in 1871, having taken first prizes in English literature and 
 belles-lettres, and in 1875 was graduated from tlie ('(dumbia College 
 ]jaw School. In 1890 the Governor of New York appointed him a 
 member of the commission authorized by the Legislature to propose 
 amendments to the jiidiciary article of the State Constitution. In 
 1893, President Cleveland appointed him an Associate Justice of the 
 Supreme (_'ourt of the United States to succeed Justice lUatchford, 
 Vtut bitter factionists in Cleveland's own party defeated this and 
 other nominations in the Senate. He has publislied "Contiict be- 
 tween Federal and State Decisions" (1880 l. "Is Codification of the 
 Law Expedient? " ( 1888 ). " The Legal Status of the Indian " (1891), 
 and "Appellate Courts" (1892). He has been an active member 
 of the Bar Association of the citj'. and is also a member of the Met- 
 ropolitan, Century, University, Keform, Manhattan, and Democratic 
 clubs. He was born in Paterson, N. J., ^May 13, IS.'l, and is the 
 son of Eev. William H. Horidilower, D.D., Professor of TJieology in 
 the Allegheny Theological Seminary, and Matilda Butler, a descend- 
 ant of a Connecticut family prominent in the colonial wars and the 
 Revolution. His graudfatlier, Jose])h C. Horid)lower, was Chief Jus- 
 tice of New Jersey. His great-grandfatiier, Josiali Hornblower, who 
 brought the first steam engine to Amei-ica Iti 17.~)0, was a ]iatriot in 
 the Revolution, and a member of the National Congress in 1785. Mr. 
 Hornblower is also a gTandne])he\v of Justice Bradley, late of the' 
 United States Supreme Court, as he is of Judge Lewis B. Woodruff. 
 
310 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 
 BACKUS, HEXKY CLINTON, hoin in rti.a. N. V.. .Ma.v :n, 1848, 
 attended lMiillii>s Exeter Academy, in 1S71 was graduated fmm 
 Harvard, was yiadualed from Cnlumliia Colleiie Law Sdioid in 1873, 
 and lias since ])racticed la\\ in this city. At the outset he was con- 
 nected witli I lie firm of Sanford. li(d)insoii & Woodruff, and subse- 
 (jueutly for a w Idle with that of I'.eelie. Wilcox iS; Ilolihs. Ills jirae- 
 tioe is largely in the domain of ]irol(ate. realty, and admiralty law, 
 and lie is a manaucr of several larnc estates and of im]iortant fiduciary 
 interi'sts. I'or ten years he was a member of the Leitublican County 
 Committee of New York County, for live years was a member of 
 its Committee on Kesolutions, and for one year was a member of its 
 Executive Committee. He lias three times de( lined muninatious 
 for the Assembly, and has also decline<l nominations foi- the City 
 
 T'ourt bench and as Sui-i'ojiate. 
 Kei)ublican candidale for the Con 
 stitiitional ( 'on\"eiition in an over- 
 whelnuniily l>emocratic district, he 
 ran ahead of his ticket, but failed of 
 election. ITe is a member of the 
 Harvard and Chelsea lie]mblican 
 ( lubs, the City and JState I'ar asso- 
 ciation?, the Dwiti'bt Alumni Asso- 
 ciation, and oilier <n-L;;niizations, 
 and is .in honorary member of the 
 Tvailway Conductors" Club. He 
 was one of the oriiiinal nu'inbers 
 of th<^ (-(uumittee luivinti' in hand 
 the er(M-tion of the Crant Tomb. 
 He married, in ISitO. Hattie I. 
 Davis, and has livini;- a son. He 
 is himself the son of Charles Chap- 
 nuin liackus and Harriet Newell, 
 daujihter of Edward I'aldwin; is 
 the tiiaiidson of Colonel Elisha. Bacdcus, of the War (d' islii; is iLireat- 
 i>randson of ^Lijor Elisha Backus, of the Bevolution, and descends 
 from William Backus, who eminrated from England in KIo."), and 
 became one of the founders of Saybrook, Conn. The father of Mr. 
 Backus was at one time a member of The pulilishing firm (d' Bennett, 
 Backus & Hawley, of Central Law York, jiroprietors of the B(ti)ti.<tt 
 Ji'cijishr, now the New York K.raiiiiinr mid Clintiih-lc. Kemoving to 
 this city in 18.50, he became one of the founders td' the American Ex- 
 press Company. 
 
 y-4. , >^^-. 
 
 UKNRV II.I.NTON liACKCS. 
 
 GIJ>L1YEB, ^^ILL1AM CUKT18i, was graduated from IMiillips 
 (Audover) Academy in 1865, from Yale College in 1870, subsequently 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 311 
 
 leieiviiii; tlic dciiiee of Master of Arts, and \'vi<]\\ the Coliiiiihia <"()!- 
 ](iie Law Hcliool in 1874, liavini; also studied law with Alexander & 
 <!reeu, of New York ("it.\. lie was admitted to the liar in 1S74, 
 and is now a member of the well-known tirni of Alexander eV (Jreeu. 
 He has been engaiied in the reori;anization of vai-ious corporations, 
 inehidinp,- the 8ngar Trust, the Lead Trust, and the ('ordaiie Trust, 
 with many railroads. He was one of the rounsel in the income- 
 tax cases and the Broadway Surface Ifailroad liti.nations. He is a 
 trustee of tlie ("ity Club, lia\inji' been one of its founders, and is a 
 member of the Union, (Jentury, University, University Athlelii', <'oun- 
 try, Kidint;-, and Lawyers' clubs, the Yale Alumni Association, and 
 the City I>ar Association. He was lioiii in Norwich, Conn., Ajtril 8, 
 1849, and is the son of -bdin I'utnam Ciulliver and Uram-es Curtis. 
 Through his mother he descends from (iovernor ^Villiam I'.radford. 
 His father was professor ef the relation of Christianity to the secu- 
 lar scien<-es at .\ndover Tlieolo|^ical Sennnary. His li'randfather, 
 .T(din (iulliver, was one of the Xinv Eniiland (itiards that iirotected 
 the Chai lestown Navy \:\v<\ durinj; the ^\'ar of 181:!. His lireal-i^i-and- 
 father, Ciishoni (itdliver, was one of the minute nu-n in the llatlle 
 of Lexiuuton, and also ])artici]iated in the Hattle of Dorcheslei 
 Heiiihts. The tiist ])aternal ancestor in America, Anthony <inlli\'er, 
 was born in lOniiland in Kil'.l. and came to .Massachusetts in Ki;}.!. 
 Throufih his grandmother, Sarah Putnam, he also descends from 
 General Israel I'utnam. 
 
 COTTETHLL, CEOlJfJE WASHTNCTON, was graduated from the 
 University of Vermont, and studied law with I'eck 6c Colliy, leadinii 
 lawyers of ^[ontjielier. ^ t. After his admission to the bar lie re- 
 mained for some time with this tirm, but in 1855 connected himseli 
 with the New York law tirm of I>udwi,n', Smith & Finke. Subsecim-ntly 
 he formed a ])artnership with his brother. Vov many years he has 
 ](racticed alone. He was counsel for the Underwriters' A,nem-y, com- 
 j)osed of the <ierinania, Ihiuover, Niagara, and lie]>ublic insurance 
 companies, and successfully conducted the suit wlii( h subsequently 
 grew out of this arrangement. In many ini]iortant cases he repiH' 
 seuted the bite ^Villiam Steinway and the tirm of Steinway & Sons. 
 He is counsel to tlu' Liederkranz of this city, as well as a membei. 
 and was its reorgauizer. Uor thirty-five years he has been a meml)er 
 of the Union League Club. He is also a member of the New Y'ork, 
 Lawyers", and Insurance clubs, the New Euii'land Society, and the 
 Fish and Came Association. He is a native of .AFontpelier, \'t., the 
 son of Malilon Cotterill and Catherine Edmonds Couch. His father 
 was one of the ori<;iuators of the A'ermout Central Kailroad. His 
 mother desceiuled from tlie ICdmonds and Couch families of New 
 Hampshire, and was related to the Lees of Mriiiina. 
 
312 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 HAYS, DANIEL PEIXOTTO. head of the law firm of Hays & 
 Greenbaum, of New York City, aud a director and President of the 
 Harlem l^av^- Library, was born at Pleasantville. Westchester County, 
 N. Y., March 28, 1S54, the son of David Hays and Judith Peixotto. 
 His t;reat-grandfathcr, Daniel Hays, was a Eevolutionary soldier, 
 and at tlie close of that war purchased the homestead at Pleasant- 
 ville, which has descended to the present ~Sh-. Hays. Of the same 
 family was Jacob Hays, who was High Constable of Xew York City 
 for half a century. Mr. Hays attended the public schools of New 
 York, and in 1873 was graduated from the College of the City of New 
 York. He obtained a clerical position in the law firm of Carpcntier 
 & Beach, of New York City, at the same time attending the Columbia 
 College Law School, and in 1875 was graduated from the latter aud 
 
 .Tdmitted to the bar. After serving 
 two years as INIanaging Clerk of 
 Carpentier & Beach, he became 
 junior jtnrtner of the law firm of 
 Beach & Hays; and upon the death 
 of ex-Judge Beach, a few months 
 later, ho became the partner of his 
 other former partner, James S. 
 Caiqientier, under the style of Car- 
 pentier & Hays. :\Ir. Carpentier 
 died in 18SG, and soon after the 
 present firm of Hays & Greenbaum 
 was formed. He was cmnisel of 
 General Adam Badeau to recover 
 from the estate of General Grant 
 ](ayment for his services in writing 
 tlie " Grant Memoirs." He was 
 also counsel of General Sickles in 
 several imi)ortant cases, and Avas 
 principal counsel in the contest of 
 He is a Democrat, and was a delegate 
 to the Democratic State Convention which first nominated David B. 
 Hill for Governor of New York. In 1888 he bought the Nyack City 
 and Cointfy. a newspaper of Rockland County, New York, and gave its 
 support to Grover Cleveland. In 1893 he was appointed Commission- 
 er of Appraising, relative to the changing of grades in the Twenty- 
 third and Twenty-fourth wards of New York City, aud the same year 
 was appointed Civil-service Commissioner. He is a member of the 
 Reform, ^lanhattan. Lawyers", Democratic, and Harlem Democratic 
 clubs. 
 
 DANIEL PEIXOTTO HAVS. 
 
 the will of John B. Haskin. 
 
 VAN SLYCK, GEORGE WHITFIELD, attended the academy at 
 Kinderhook, N. Y''., concluded his preparatory studies at Providence, 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 313 
 
 Ik. I., aud iu 1859 entered Williams College. In 18G2 he entered the 
 Union Army, having organized Company E, of the One Hundred and 
 Twenty-eighth New York A'olnnteers. He served in the Lonisiana 
 campaign tenninatiug in the capture of I'ort Hudson. He then served 
 on the staffs of several generals. After the war he also served on the 
 staff of General S^haler, of the National Guard of New York. He 
 studied law with Judge John II. Keymilds, of Albany, was graduated 
 from the Albany Law Schoiii, and soon after his admission to the 
 bar engaged in practice in Xcav York City. He was born in Kindei-- 
 hook, N. Y., in July, 1812, and is the son of Hugh Yan Slyck and 
 Ormita M. Pulver. His father was locally prominent. His brother, 
 the late Colonel Nicholas Yan !-^lyck, Avas a leading member of the 
 Rhode Island bar. The first paternal ancestor came from Holland 
 in 1640. 
 
 McCLUKE, DAYID, was admitted to the bar in December, 18(59, 
 and is a member of the law firm of Turner, McClure & Rolston. He 
 was a member of the commission appointed by the Supreme Court 
 in 1892 to consider the question of rapid transit in New York City 
 by means of an underground railroad. Jlaycn' Gilroy appointed him 
 in 1893 a member of a commission to draft laws for the government 
 of the NeAV York public schools. He was a member of the Consti- 
 tutional Convention of 1891. He is a. director of the Lawyers' Surety 
 Company and counsel of the Farmers' Loan and Trust Company, the 
 West Side Savings Bank, the Consolidated Gas Company, Saint 
 Patrick's Cathedral, and the Roman Catholic Orphan Asylum. He 
 was counsel in the Merrill, Schuyler Skaats, and Charles B. Beck 
 will contests, the De Meli divorce case, the General Burnside and 
 Livingston litigations, and in a large number of important railroad 
 foreclosure cases. Lie is a member of the Jfanliattau and Democratic 
 clubs and the Bar Association of the city. He was born at Dobb's 
 FeiTy, W^estchester County, N. Y'., November 4, 1848. 
 
 TAGGART, WILLIAM RUSH, practiced law in Ohio from 1875 to 
 1887, aud since the latter year has practiced in New York City. From 
 1887 to 1891 he was connected with the law fli-m of Dillon & Swayne. 
 Since 1891 he has been Solicitor of the Western Union Telegraph 
 Company, in charge of the litigations of that corporation in New York 
 City. He was counsel iu the foreclosure pi-oceedings upon the lines 
 of the Wabash, St. Louis and Pacific Railroad east of the Mississippi, 
 and in the subsequent reorganization. He was attorney for the W^est- 
 ern Union Telegraph Company in the suits of the Government to can- 
 cel the contracts of his clients with the Union Pacific Railroad Com- 
 pany, the Northern Pacific Railroad Company, the Central Pacific 
 Railroad Company, and the Atlantic and Pacific Railroad Company. 
 
3U 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 II(* was ((luiiscl in the case of Sturges r-s. the Peunsylvauia Railroad 
 ('()iu])aiiy. as also in that of l.aidlaw is. Kusscll Sagc'. He is a direc- 
 tor of the ("iiicinnati. Ilaiiiiltoii and Dayton llailway ("onipany, the 
 Manstleld Street Kaihvay Conijiany, and the IJapid Addressing' Ma- 
 chine Company. He is a member of the Colonial Clnh. the Ohio So- 
 ciety, the Bar Association <i( the city, the Sons of tlie Kev(dntion. and 
 the National Acadi my of Science; is a Kuight Tem])hir and a mem- 
 ber of the Presbyterian Clmrch. 
 He married, in 1877, Margaret 
 Waterworlh, <>\' Salem, Ohio, and 
 has two daughters and a sou — 
 Knsji Taggart. Mr. Taggart was 
 born in Smithville, Wayne County, 
 oino, Sejitember 4. 1840, the son 
 (d l»r. William ^Vil■t and ^Margaret 
 ^I. Taggart. I'oih jjavents, (d' 
 Scotch-Irish descent, were natives 
 of Ohio. Mr. Taggart attended the 
 public schools, the Jiigh s( iiool. and 
 the University of ^Vooster, Ohio, 
 being graduated from the last- 
 mentioned in 1S71. During the 
 two years fidlowing he was con- 
 nected with the I'nited States Oeo- 
 logical Survey. He studied law 
 with :Martin- Walk<'r and Charles 
 M. Vacuni, distinguished Ohio 
 lawyers, and in 1875 was gradu- 
 ated from the Law Scluxd of the 
 Cinversity of ^lichigan. He prac- 
 ticed law at Wooster and Sah'Ui, Ohio. At Salem he entered the 
 service of the Northwestern branch of the Pennsylvania Kailroad 
 ('onipany. 
 
 WHEELER, EVE1{ETT PEPPEPELL, attended the imblic s( luxds 
 of this city; in 185() was graduated from the ("(dlege of the City of 
 New York, subsequently receiving the degree of Master of Arts; read 
 law with his father in New York; in 18.")9 was graduated from the 
 Harvard LaAV School, and in May, 18(il, was adnntted to the bar. 
 I'lom 1877 to 1879 he was a member of the Ncav A'ork Board of 
 Education. Eroni 1884 to 1889 he was Chairman of the Sujiervisory 
 Civil-service Board of New Y'ork City. He assisted in drafting the 
 Pendelton Civil-service bill and the New Y^ork State civil-service 
 acts. In 1875 he was a commissioner on the Third Avenue and the 
 Ninth Avenue elevated railways. He was one of the founders of 
 the Association of the Bar of the Citv of New Y'ork. ami is now 
 
 \M I. I.I AM HUSH T.\G(_i.\KT. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY, 315 
 
 i(s I'lcsidciil. He \\;is I'lcsidcnl of llic I'rec Trade Chili lidiii 1SS2 
 to 1888, as hi" was of I lie llcfonii Cluh in ISS!) and 18!»(I. lie was 
 one of tliL' foiindeis of tlic I*]asl Side House and of the \\'ehstei- I'ree 
 Lilirary. lie has iiiihlished "The .Moih'tii l>aw of Canieis" and 
 " \\'at;es and the Tariff," besides uian\' aihlresses and ]>ani])ldcls on 
 v'wU service and taiiff reform, liv has a]i]ieared as connsel in many 
 inipoitant cases. I>orn in New YorU Cily, Alarcli 10, 1840, Ih' is tiie 
 son id' David lOverett ^^'heeler and lOlizalictli, (hni^hter of William 
 Jarvis, of \'ermont. He is I he i;real-iireal-i;randson of Sir \\'illiani 
 rei)perell, tlie captor of Lonisburi;. 
 
 ITNTEinrEYEE, SA:\rrEL, attended the New York imlilic s(diO(ds 
 and the Collei;e of tin- City of New York, and in 1878 was gradnated 
 from the Columbia Collej^e Law Sidniid. He has been counsel in 
 many important cases. He is counscd lor I he National Wall Paper 
 Company, and has organized a nnniber of Irnst and trade combina- 
 tions. He represimted the brewers' associations in the State of New 
 ^'(lrk ill the attack on the constitutionality (d' the Kaines liipior tax 
 law. lie was born in Lyuchburn', \'a., .March 2, 1858, and is the son 
 of Isodor and Therese TIntermeyer. His father, a Virginia tobacco 
 jdanter, lost his property throngh loyalty to the Confederacy, and 
 died upon hearinii the news of Lee's surrender. 
 
 LE^'ENTIHTT, I)A^'II), was ■iiaduated in 18(;4 from the College 
 of the (_'ity of Xmv York, having taken se\'eral jirizes, and in 1870 was 
 graduated fioni the rniversity Law School. He was special counsel 
 for the City of New York to condemn for a jmblic park lands between 
 High Bridge and Washington lii'idge. He Avas Chairman of a commis- 
 sion to estimate damages in the case of lands condemned by the city 
 for a bridge across the Harlem Kiver, at Third Avenue. In the fall of 
 1898 he was elected a Justice of the Sniireme Couil of the State of New 
 York on the Democratic ticket. He is Yice-President of the Aguilar 
 Free Library. For many years he was Chairman of the Law Com- 
 mittee of Tammany Hall. He mairied, in 1808, Matilda Lithauer, of 
 New York City. He was himself born in \\'insboro, S. C, Januan' 
 31, 1845, and is the son of C.eorgc M. Leventiitt and Betty Goldberg. 
 
 HILDBETH, JOHN HOMEB, was prepared for college at Wes- 
 leyan .\cademy, Wilbraham, Mass., and in 1809 was graduated from 
 the Columbia College Law Schoid. Since his admission to the bar, he 
 has ]iractic(^d in New York City, making a, specialty of commercial 
 and real estate law. He has fi(M|uently served as referee and receiver. 
 In 1882 he was the unsuccessful i;e]iublican candidate for the New 
 York .\ssenibly from the Twenty-fourth District, that being the year 
 in which Grover Cleveland sw^ept the State with a Democratic major- 
 ity of 102.000. He is a member of the K. -publican Club, the New Ens- 
 
316 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 land Society, the Xorth Side Board of Trade, the Dwight Alumni 
 Association, and the American (leographical Society. He is a member 
 of Crescent Lodge, 402, Free and Accepted Masons; Crescent Chapter, 
 220, Koyal Arch Masons, and Harlem Lodge, 201, Independent Order 
 of Odd Fellows, and has been an officer in each. He was born in 
 Lawrence, Mass., November 25, 1847, and is the son of Jairiis C. 
 Hildreth and Euieliiic Watson. The ancestor's on both sides were 
 long estal)lislied in New England. A great-grandfather on the ma- 
 ternal side was a soldier at Bunker Hill. 
 
 S:MITIL FBELTNCr H., was graduated from Union College with 
 high honors in ISO."); two years later was graduated from the Cohimbia 
 College Law School and admitted to the bar, and tlie same year be- 
 came managing clerk for the New 
 York law firm of Van Vorst & 
 Beardsley. In 1S6S he entered the 
 office of Moses Ely as clerk, and 
 one year later became a. partner 
 under the style of Ely & Smith. 
 This association continued for fif- 
 teen years, until the retirement of 
 Mr. Ely in 1SS3, since whicli time 
 Mr. Smith lias practiced alone. He 
 snccessfully defended Kalli cS: Coni- 
 ])any in ilii' litigation growing out 
 of the fraudulent acts of the cotton 
 brokers, II. M. Cutter & Company. 
 He is a director of the Forty-sec- 
 ond Street and frrand Street Ferry 
 Railroad of the city, and of the 
 -" Adirondack Railway Company. 
 Born in Chatham, X. Y., January 
 .31, 1844, he is the son of .Joseph 
 \>'illiam Smitli and Kutii Benjamin, his ancestors being of Scotch 
 descent on both sides. His mother was a cousin of the late Judge 
 Welcome li. Beebe, of Ncav York. 
 
 FRELIXG H. SMITH. 
 
 LAROCOFE, JOSEPH, well-known New York lawyer, and a nn-m- 
 ber of the firm of Shipman, Larocque & Choate, was graduated from 
 Columbia College in 1849, studied law^ with Griffin & Larocque, of 
 which firm his brother, Jeremiah Larocque, Avas a member, and in 
 1852 was admitted to the bar. He has appeared in many notable 
 cases. He was elected President of the Association of the Bar of the 
 City of New York in 1895 and was re-elected in 1896. He was active 
 in organizing the Committee of Seventy in 1894 to wrest the munici- 
 pal government out of the hands of Tammany Hall, and was made 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 317 
 
 its rhairiuan. Availius;- of the public scnitinieiit aroused l)y tlie 
 Lexow investigation. Colonel William L. Strong was uoniiuated as 
 Mayor of New York and was elected. Mr. Larocque is a incinber of 
 the Metropolitan, Century, City, TTniyersity, and I!eforni clubs. He 
 was born in New York City, Api-il 2. 1831, and is of French descent. 
 His father was born in Savannah, (ia., in 1780, the hitter's father hav- 
 ing; come from France. 
 
 MUlilJAV, JAMES L>., stmlied in Paris and Dresden, S]»ent two 
 years in tlie classical and scientific courses at Columbia College, and 
 in 1875 was graduated from the Columbia College Law School. He 
 practiced for two years with Paddock & Cannon, of this city, and 
 since 1877 has practiced alone. His practice has been mainly along the 
 line of will and other equity cases. He has had a number of litigations, 
 liowever, in the Sujiremf^ Court and the Court of Appeals. During 
 the Presidential cami)aign of 18'.l(( he contributed papers on sound 
 money to the press throughout the country, lie is a member of the 
 City, I'niversity, Reform, Delta I'hi, Seawanhaka-Corinthian Yacht, 
 and Larchmont Yacht clubs, the Downtown Association, and the Bar 
 Association of the city. He is the eldest son of Bronson JMui-ray, of 
 Kew York City, and Anne E. Peyton, of an old Yii-ginia family. He 
 is grandson of Colonel James B. Murray, of New Yorl<. His father 
 was the originator and financial sui)port of the Industrial League, 
 Avhicli led the movement to obtain land grants from the Federal Gov- 
 ernment for the establishment of State colleges, the Illinois Univer- 
 sity and Cornell University being two of the institutions growing out 
 of this agitation. 
 
 TRUAX, CHAUNCEY SHAFFER, was graduated fn.m Hamilton 
 College in 1875, receiving the prize for oratory on commencement day, 
 ami in 1877 was graduated from the Columbia College Law Scliool. 
 He tlieii accepted his appointment as Instructor in International and 
 Commercial Law at Robert College, Constantinople. IJesigning at 
 tlie end of a year, he returned to New Y(n-k and liegan the juactice 
 of law in October, 1878. In 1890 he became head of the firm of Truax 
 & Crandall. He was counsel in the Williamsbridgi' reservoir case, 
 the new a(iueduct litigations, the Jacob-Sire suit, the Langley divorce 
 cases, and the Adirondack Railroad litigation, lie was a delegate 
 to the Democratic State conventions in 1881 and 1888, ami in the 
 latter year was a member of the Committc^e on IMatform. He was 
 a member of the Constitutional Convention of 1891. He is President 
 of the New York Alumni Association of Hamilton College, ami in 
 1886 founded the Greek Scholarship at that institution. He is a 
 member of the Holland Society, the Manhattan Club, and the Har- 
 lem Society, being one of the founders of the latter. A member of the 
 Bar Association of the city, he was long on its Committee on Amend- 
 
318 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 lueut iif the Laws. He man-ied, in 188(5, Alice ^I., (laughter of IJ. K. 
 Hawlev, of rieveland, Ohio, and lias three children. He is himself 
 a brother of Jud<ie Charles H. Tniax, of the Supreme Court, and was 
 born in Diirhaniville, N. Y., ^larch 11, 1851. T]ir(ni;L;h liis father, 
 Henry Philiji Triiax, he lineally descends from rinli])))!' Ihi Trienx, 
 a W'allnon, burn rn 1585, who married Susanna du ("liiney, and in 
 loss was Conrt .Marshal in New Amsterdam. His nioilici-, Saiah Ann 
 Shaffer, was a sister of the late Chauncey Shaffer, a well-known New 
 "idrk lawyer. 
 
 MAKSHALL, UK' IS, bnrn in Syracuse. X. V.. December 14. 185(1. 
 in 1S74 was yiailnated from the lii!.:li schiioj nf that city, stndied law 
 for two years with N. 1?. Smith, of Syracnse. for one year attended 
 the Columbia Collei;t' Law Scdiool. and, eompletinii his ]ireparation 
 
 with Hon. \\illiaui C. Kuger, of 
 S\racuse, was admitted to the bar 
 in .January, 1S7S. and at once be- 
 came a member of Jndjie I\n,t>er's 
 hnv firm. He at once ap])eared as 
 (■onns(d in imjiortant cases, and has 
 arjiiied more than one hundred and 
 fifty causes in the (_'onrt of Ap- 
 peals, hi 1S!»0 (Jovernor Hill ap- 
 ]>oint( il liiin a memlu'r of the Con- 
 stitutional ('ommission to revise 
 th( -Fudiciary Arti( le,and he served 
 on its committee on the Court of 
 .\|i]ii'als. Elected a member of the 
 Constitutional Convention of 1894, 
 he was Chairman of its Committee 
 on I'^uture Amendments, and sec- 
 ond on the Judiciary Committee. 
 He succeeded William B. Horn- 
 blower as Chairman of the Commit- 
 tee on Law Keform of the New York State Bar Association. The 
 New York Legislature of 1895 tendered him a vote of thaid^s for his 
 arduous labors in drafting the amendments to the Codes of Civil 
 and Crinnnal I'rocedure, so as to conform them to the new Judiciary 
 Article. Since February, 1894. he has been engaged in practice in 
 Xew York City. The Committee of Seventy, which brought al»out tlie 
 election of Mayor Stiong, selected him to prei)are an opiinon on the 
 constitutionality of the I'olice Magistrates' Bill, and to argue in its 
 support before the Legislative Committees, a task which he per- 
 formed with signal ability and entire success. He has delivered lec- 
 tures and imblished articles on legal, historical, and literary subjects, 
 and ]>repared a number of ](a])ers for the State liar .\sso<iation. 
 
 l.OUIS MAKSII.\I.I.. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 319 
 
 While ;i icsideiit of l?>yracuse he lectured on ^fedical .Turi>>prudeuc-e 
 at the Svracnse iNIedieal Collene. Duiiiiiii I he wiiitev of 1897-98 he de- 
 livered a course of lectures on the Conslilution of the State of New 
 York before the ]>wii;ht .\luniui Association. 
 
 PECKIIAM, WHEELEK llAZAKD, attended the Albany Acad- 
 emy aud Tnion ('oll(^,iie, studied law with his father at Albany, and 
 practiced for some time in that city. In 18(U he became connected 
 with the New York law firm of -Tohu A. Stoutenbur^ and (leor^e 
 MoCulloiij^h Miller, and subsequently became a member of the lirm 
 of ^Filler, Peckham & Dixon, which is one of the leadin;L; firms in New 
 York. Nominated as a Justice of the Fnited States Sui)reme Court 
 by President Cleveland in 1893, he failed of confirniatiou in the 
 Senate through the opiiosition of Senator David B. ITill. IT<' has 
 served several terms as I'resident of tlie .Vssociatiou of the l>ar of 
 the City of New York, lie lias been ]u-ominent in movements lookiuf;- 
 to iiolitical reform. lie was leading counsel in the Tweed prosecu- 
 tions, and for a short time was Disliict Attorney of New Y'ork City. 
 He was counsel in the bank tax cases, the Bell telephone litijiations, 
 the Louisiana bond cases, and the cases estal)lishin,n- that le.ual-tender 
 notes are exempt from taxation. He was born in Albany, N. Y., Jan- 
 (lary 1, 1833, and is the sou of the late Hon. Bufus Wheeler Peckham. 
 a Justice of the State Supreme Court and the Court of Appeals, aiul 
 is a brother of Hon. Bufus Wheeler I'eckham. a Justice of the United 
 States Supreme Court. 
 
 STEIMIENS. (iEOB<iE WASI 1 1 X( iT(>\. well-known lawyer of 
 New Y'ork City, and leader of the llepublican ]taity, was educated in 
 the public schools of New York and Brooklyn; in 18(53 was tiraduated 
 from the Collefie of the City of New York; was graduated from the 
 Columbia College Law School in 18(!.'>, haviujj,' also studied law in the 
 oftice of Hon. William E. Curtis, afterward Justice of the Su]terior 
 Court of the City of New Y'ork, and since his admission to the bar in 
 1865, has practiced law continuously in New York City. From 1877 
 to 1892 he was associated with Walter J. Foster as a member of the 
 firm of I^oster cS; Stephens. His practice has especially been in the de- 
 partments of commercial, municipal, and real estate law. lie has 
 been em])Ioyed in a number of cases as counsel and attorney for the 
 officials of LoujLi- Island City. He has enjoyed r(Mnarkable success as 
 a])pellant's counsel before the Court of A]i]ieals. He has always been 
 a member of the Bepublican ]»arty, aud has lonji' been the leader of 
 th(> partv or!.;anization in the Twenty-fourth Ward of the city, beiui; 
 also a delegate fre(|uently to State and other conventions. In the 
 Re])ublican Stat(- Convention of 189(') he was the first deleoate 
 from New York City to vote for :\Ir. Black for Governor. He is 
 identified with the " anti-machine " winji of the party. In June, 
 
320 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 1895, Mayor Stronji- appointed him Change of Grade Commis- 
 sioner of the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth wards of the city, a 
 commission created for the pmijose of assessing damages to property 
 owners occasioned by the clianges resulting from sinking tlie trades 
 of the New York and Harlem IJailroad. He lives at Kiugsbridge, and 
 is a large property owner in the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth 
 wards. He is a member of the Eepublican, Suburban, Progress, and 
 Fordham clubs, as Avell as of the IJoyal Arcanum, for the past ten 
 years having been Regent of Kiugsbridge Council of the last-men- 
 tioned (u-der. He was married, in 1874, to Arline E. Lister, of New 
 York City, and has a daughter — I^lizabeth K., who was graduated from 
 Bryn 31awr College, and Miss Anna Brown's School, and a son — 
 "NA'illiani Y. Y. Stephens. Mr. Stephens was himself born in Coeymans- 
 
 on-the-Hudson, Albany Couuty, 
 ' N. Y., February 22, 1844, the son of 
 
 •Tames Stephens and Elizabeth M. 
 Rallantyne. His ])aternal ances- 
 tors were settled in Coniieeticut 
 from earlv colonial times, remov- 
 
 ing first to Dutchess County, New 
 
 York, and tlience to Albany Coun- 
 ty. His m a t c r n a 1 grandfather 
 eame from Scotland to America in 
 the early ])art of the present cen- 
 tury, settling in Albany County, 
 New York. Gideon Stephens, Mr. 
 Stephens's grandfather, did more 
 than any other man of his time to- 
 Avard building up the village of 
 Coeymans and tlie neighboring vil- 
 lage of Stephensville. He con- 
 structed docks at Coeymans and 
 did a general freighting business 
 until 1842, when he failed. Removing to Xew Orleans he became a 
 prominent merchant, recovering his fortune. He died at ^'ermilion- 
 ville. La. Mr. Stephens's father came to New York City in 1854, and 
 engaged in the bluestone business in Harlem. Later on lie established 
 a coal business in Harlem and Mott Haven, which has since been con- 
 tinued by his son, Oliu J. Stephens, and is the largest concern of its 
 kind in the upper part of New York City. 
 
 GEORGE WASHINGTON STEPHENS. 
 
 RARE, RUDOLPH FREDERICK, attended a collegiate high 
 sclioo] of Ottendorf, Germany, entered the law office of Conable & 
 Elliott, of New York City, in 1804, and in 1809 was graduated from 
 the Columbia College Law School, and admitted to the bar. He at 
 once began practice. He was in partnership with Hon. Edward 
 
EN'CYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 321 
 
 Bruwne from 1870 until the latter was elected a Judge of the City 
 Court in 1883. He then became head of the present firm of Kabe & 
 Keller. He served four successive terms in the Kew Jersey Assembly 
 beginning with 1874, being elected as an Independent Democrat 
 from Hoboken. During his last term he was Speaker of the House. 
 In 1877 he was elected to the New Jersey Senate from Hudson County 
 for the term of three years. He was a delegate to the National Dem- 
 ocratic Convention of 187G. He organized the Second National Bank 
 of Hoboken in 1887, and has been its President since. For six years 
 he was a trustee of the Hoboken German Academy. He was at one 
 time one of the jn'oprietors of the Hudson Coiiiili/ ■Iniinuil. He mar- 
 ried, in 18G(>, Elizabeth, daughter of John Lusby, of New York City, 
 and has two children. He was himself born in Ottendorf, Hanover, 
 Germany, August 4, 1841, and is the son of Charles L. Ilabe. 
 
 SCUDDEK, TOWNSEND, was educated abroad, in I'raiicc, Swit- 
 zerland, Germany, and Italy, from 187r) to 1883 studied law with 
 Winthrop Parker, and in 1888 was graduated from the Columbia 
 College Law School. He was admitted to the bar in Februai-y, 1880, 
 since which time he has practiced in New York City. He was born 
 in Northport. L. I., July 20, 1805, and is the son of Townsend Scudder 
 and Sarah M. Frost. His ancestors on both sides were settled in 
 America in the early colonial period, while some of them were Kevo- 
 lutionary soldiers. 
 
 NILES, WILLIAM ^^'ATS()N, was tutored by his father, attended 
 Bradford Academy and Newbury Seminary, taught in schools and 
 academies in New Hampshire, Vermont, and Massachusetts, and in 
 1845 was graduated from Dartmouth College. He studied law with 
 his brother. Judge Niles, of La Porte, Ind., at the same tinu' being- 
 assistant to the Professor of Chemistry in the Indiana Medical Col- 
 lege. Coming to New York City he was for a time in the law office 
 of John Cochrane. After a visit to Europe he engaged in law prac- 
 tice in this city. During the period of the Tweed ring he organized 
 the Citizens' Association in the northern wards of the city to compel 
 both parties to make more satisfactory nominations. He participated 
 in the overthrow of Tweed, being one of the most active lieuteTiants 
 of Samuel J. Tilden. He was elected to the New York Assembly, 
 put on its Judiciary Committee, and procured the signatures of the 
 entire committee to a resolution of impeachment of Judges Barnard, 
 (^'ardozo, and McCunn. He was one of the managers appointed by 
 the Assembly to tiw Judge Barnard. He was one of ten who organ- 
 ized the Central Loyal League during tJie Civil War, the Union 
 League Club of this city growing out of it. He was again elected 
 to the Assembly in 1881. He was one of the Park Commissioners 
 appointed in connection with the new parks of New York City. He 
 
322 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 assisted in the ooustruotion of tlie first i-ailroad west of Lalce Erie. 
 He obtained tlie charter for the Forty-second Street Ferry, New 
 Yorlv City. He oruauized the Ferry and Land Improvement Com- 
 pany, was its first Secretary, and became its President. He was pri- 
 vate connsel to Governor Tilden, and became connsel to Iiis law 
 office after lie retired from practice. He has argued many impor- 
 tant cases in the Btate and Federal courts. Ho was born at \Yest 
 Fairlee, Vt., March 26, 1822, and is the son of Judtie William Xiles 
 and the daughter of Colonel John Barron, of Bradford, Yt. The 
 latter w-as an officer iu the French and Indian war as well as in the 
 rtevolution. ilr. Niles descends through an illustrtous line from 
 John Niles, who settled in Braintree, Mass., in 1G36. 
 
 McNAUGHT, JAMES, was admitted to the Illinois bar in 18G.3, 
 from 1867 to 1887 was engaged iu law practice in Seattle, Wash.; in 
 
 1879 was appointed counsel of the 
 [ ■'^iii:«m Western Division of the Northern 
 
 Pacific Eailroad Company; in 1887 
 became General Solicitor of this 
 coi*poration, with headquarters at 
 St. Paul, :\Iinn.; from 1881) to 1895 
 was General Counsel of the same 
 company, and in 1895 retired to es- 
 tablish himself iu general law prac- 
 tice in New York City iu partner- 
 sliip with Joseph I). Ifedding, form- 
 erly Western counsel of the South- 
 ern Pacific Railroad Company. 
 During his entire connection with 
 tlie Northern Pacific Ifailroad Com- 
 jyany he did not lose a single impor- 
 tant case. He is President of the 
 Lower Laureatiou Ifailroad Com- 
 pany. He married, in 1871, ^liss 
 Agnes Hyde, of Seattle, Wash., and 
 has a son and a dauglilcr. .Mr. McNaught was himself born in Lexing- 
 ton, McLean County, 111., September 9, 1842, and was educated in the 
 public schools, at Wesleyan University. Bloomington, 111., and the 
 Law University of Chicago, being graduated from the latter in 1863. 
 At Seattle he had as partner for one year John J. McGilva. after- 
 w-ard President of the Seattle Bar Association. Later on he was 
 associated with Hon. S. S. Garfield, who became a ^Member of Con- 
 gress. For seven years he had as his partner John Leary, under the 
 firm style of McNaught & Leary. His younger brother joining him, 
 he organized the firm of McNaught Brotliers. This firm was reor- 
 sanized to receive Hon. E. P. Ferrv and John 11. .Mitchell. Jr. 'Sir. 
 
 JAMES McN.\UUHT. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 323 
 
 Ferry was Giiveriior of Wasliiu<;ton, Imrli as a Territory and as a 
 State. Thus orgauized, the firm became one of the most notable in 
 the West, participating in all the important corporation litigations in 
 Washington. 
 
 CAMI', HENRY, was long engaged in the practice of law in New 
 York City as a member of the hrm of Nettleton, Gilbert .S; Camp, 
 Avhich afterward became Xettleton & Camp, with offices at 111 Broad- 
 way. He was born in Xorwalk, Conn., March il, 1S24, and is the son 
 of Nathan Camp and Araty, daughter of Thomas Itaymond. He is the 
 grandson of Stephen Camp and Rachel B. Hickok, and the great- 
 grandson of Jonatliaii Camp. He descends from Nicholas Camp, 
 who came from England with the New Haven Colony, and in 1G3'J 
 became one of the founders of ]Milford, Conn. The ancestors on his 
 mother's side settled at Salem, Mass., in Kioo. Mr. Camp attended 
 the common schools and an academy at Norwalk, Conn. He removed 
 to New York City at the age of eleven, and finished his education at 
 an academy and under private tutors. He learned the booklnnding 
 trade with a relative, W. O. Hickok, of Harrisburg, Pa., and carried 
 on a branch of it until he was about twenty-five years of age. From 
 that time until 18(31 he engaged in the business of stone-dressing by 
 means of steam. During the Civil War he went to the front with the 
 Seventy-first Regiment, with which he had been previously con- 
 nected. Upon liis return he studied law. 
 
 BREWSTER, EUGENE VALENTINE, has been engaged in the 
 practice of law in Bi-ooklyn since 1894, and as attorney for the Law 
 Enforcement Society of that borough in 1896-!)T gave much startling 
 information to the Police Department, leading to a general shifting of 
 police captains. He went on the professional stage for one year in 
 1889, and is known also as an artist and writer. He has published sev- 
 eral volumes of fiction, and in 189r) became i^rominent as a champion 
 of the silver cause. He was born in Bay Shore, N. Y., September 7, 
 1869, the sou of Henry D. Brewster and Clotilda T. Smith, and is a 
 •lescendant of Elder ^Ailliam Brewster, of the Mayflower. He at- 
 tended two academies in New Jersey and Princeton College. 
 
 HEALY, EDMFND J., was graduated from St. Francis Xavier's 
 College and the Columbia College Law School. He began practice 
 in thfs city in the office of Hon. Richard O'Gormaii. In 1881 he was 
 elected Justice of the Peace of Hempstead, L. I., and in 1885 was 
 re-elected. He made Far Rockaway his home, and was the first 
 President of the incorporated village of that name, sei-ving three 
 successive terms. He is now City Magistrate, Borough of Queens, 
 City of New York. He is a director of the Far Rockaway Bank and 
 its counsel. He is a member of the Catholic and Democratic clubs. 
 
324 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 and is a Kuii^lit of < 'oliimliia. lie was born in New York City, July 
 14, 1S4S, and is tlie son of Jolm J. Ilcaly and Jane, dauiiliter of 
 James O'Mara. His brotlier, llcv. (iahrit'l A. llealy, is pastor of St. 
 Bernard's ('Inircli, New Yorlc (/itv. 
 
 COXXOKTOX, IJ'KP: J., lawyer and influential Democrat of 
 Fhisliini;, Lonj;- Island, was horn in that village, November 21, 1853, 
 the son of the late Luke Connorton and Hannah Curly. He was grad- 
 uated from Flushing Institute in 1S72, studied law with ex-Congress- 
 man J. W. Covert, and was admitted to the bar in Brooklyn in 1877. 
 During the twelve years from 1878 he was annually electe<l Town 
 
 Clerk of Flushing, 
 at the same time 
 practicing law. In 
 1889 he was elected 
 Justice of the Peace 
 for a term of four 
 years, and in 1893 
 was re-elected. He 
 holds conrt daily. 
 For fifteen years he 
 has also been Clerk 
 to the Board of 
 Trustees of the 
 town of Flushing. 
 Active in the Dem- 
 o c r a t i c organiza- 
 tion, he is a mem- 
 ber of its town com- 
 mittee, has been a 
 frequent delegate 
 to local and State 
 conventions, and in 
 1888 was Alternate 
 D e 1 e g a t e to the 
 Democratic National Convention. On January 8, 1898, he was ap- 
 pointed City Magistrate by Mayor Yun Wyck under the charter of the 
 Greater New York. He married Kate E. O'Brien, of Flushing, and 
 has a sou — \Villiam Connorton. 
 
 LUKE J. CONXORTON. 
 
 HOLT, WALTER H., received an academic education at Salisbury, 
 N. C, worked on a farm, taught school, was a telegraph operator, a 
 railroad agent, and at nineteen became agent of the Richmond and 
 Danville Railroad, at Concord, N. C. In 1880 he came to 'New Y'ork, 
 but soon returned South. In 1885 he returned to New York and 
 entered the employ of the ;Manhattan Elevated Railway Company 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 325 
 
 under Colonel F. K. Hain. The following;- year he entered tlie law- 
 office of Da vies & Eapallo, while in 1893 he was admitted to the bar. 
 lie was candidate for the New York Assembly from Statcn Island 
 in IStX), but went down wirh the rest of the Democratic ticket. 
 although polliniL!,' 100 votes in his district more than ^^'illiam J. Bryan. 
 In 1897, Ashbel P. Fitch, Comptroller of New York City, appointed 
 him expert accountant for the Borough of ]?rooklyn. By Comptroller 
 Bird S. Coler he was appointed Auditor of the Borough of Biclnnoud 
 on January 1, 1898. He is an Episcopalian, a Knight Templar, and 
 a member of many clubs. He was born in Salisbury, X. C, Seii- 
 teniber 27, 1858, and is the son of John A. Holt, of North Carolina, 
 and Augusta M. Bitter, of New York. His father lost his i>r()])erty 
 during the Civil War. He was first cousin of Thomas M. Holt, who 
 was Governor of North Carolina. 
 
 Sf. 
 
 MEERILL, JOHN BBYANT, has been engaged in the practice of 
 law at Woodhaven, L. I., since 1887. He was in tlie Signal Corps, 
 United States Army, from 1871 to 
 1883; in 1879 being* detailed as In- T 
 
 structor in Meteorology, Military e; 
 
 Signaling, and Tactics at the Uni- 
 versity of West ^'irginia ; in 1881 
 being assigned to investigate the 
 occurrence of cyclones in the West- 
 ern States, and in 1882 being 
 placed in charge of the Weather 
 Buieau at New York City. Ee- 
 signing, he was engaged in busi- 
 ness in New York from 1883 to 
 1887. In 1890 he was elected 
 School Commissioner of the Sec- 
 ond District of (^)ueens County, 
 and in 1891 was elected a nuMuber 
 of the Woodhaven Board of Edu- 
 cation. His pi'ogressive work in 
 connection with the schools lias 
 given him considerable local repu- 
 tation. He is a Mason and an Odd 
 Fellow. He was born in Plain 
 
 ville. Conn., Janimry 7, 18.17, and was educated in the public schools 
 of AVashington, I). C. He is the son of S(|uire U. ^Merrill and Lacy 
 Porter, (d" Ilai-tford County, Connecticul. His ancestors, originally 
 from Scotland, have been two hundred years settled in Amei-ica. .Mr. 
 ]\rerrill marri( d, in 1880, Ida K. Cibson, of Washington, and has a son 
 and three dani:hters. 
 
 .JOHN BRYANT MKKIUM,. 
 
326 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 STOKY, ELMKK (IILDETJSLEEVE, attended the commou schools, 
 Bishop's English and Classical Academy at Poiighkeepsie, X. Y., iu 
 1884: was graduated from Cornell University, and was subsequently 
 graduated from the Law Department of the New Y'ork University. 
 From 18SG to 1894 he was United States Government Superintendent 
 in the customs service. Since 1894 he has been engaged in tlie prac- 
 tice of law in New York City. He is a member of the Phi Delta Phi 
 and Cornell Univer.sity clubs of this city, the Niantic Club, of Flush- 
 ing, and the Queens County Bar Association. He was born in Schxiltz- 
 ville, Dutchess County, X. Y., April 21, 1802, and is the son of Deane 
 Story and ilarietta Case. His ancestors, originally English, liave been 
 long estalilished in this country. 
 
 STILWELL, STEPHEN -T., was educated at the Union Free 
 School of Y'onkers, X. Y'., and the Law School of the X'ew Y'ork 
 University. Since his admission to the bar he has been engaged in 
 practice at Mount Vernon. He has been counsel for the towns of 
 Eastchester, Pelham, and Mamaroneck in Westchester County. He 
 was formerly the owner and editor of the Mount Vernon Reformer, 
 the official Democratic organ at that place. Himself a member of 
 the X"^ew York .Vssembly from the First District of Westchester 
 County, he is the nephew of Silas M. Stilwcll, Assemblyman, who 
 passed the Stilwell Act, releasing ])risoners held for debt. He is a 
 member of the I'oresters and of the Knights of St. Jolm and Malta. 
 He was born iu Y'onkers, X. Y., May 10, ISGO, and is the sou of 
 William J. Stilwell and ^lary D. Archer, and tlie grandson of -Tohn 
 Stilwell. 
 
 :\IA1{SHALL, WILIJAM JEIJOME, educated in the public schools 
 of Eastche.ster and Blount Vernon, Westchester County, X'. Y., stud- 
 ied law with Hon. \\'illiam H. Pemberton, and in May, 1879, was 
 admitted to tlie bar. His practice has been largely along commer- 
 cial lines. He is serving his second term of two years as ('orporation 
 Counsel of Mount Vernon. He is a member of tlie City Club and the 
 X'iagara Hose Comjiany of Blount Vernon, and is Past Commander 
 of the Knights of Si. .Tohn .iiid .Malta. He was born in Williams- 
 bridge, now a part of Xew York City, May 10, 18.58, and is the son 
 of William ^M.-ii-shall and Ann DnHie. His gi-andfatlier was Cornelius 
 ^hnshall, and Ills great-grandfatlier Thomas .Marshall. His paternal 
 gj'andparents came to tliis country- fnnu Ireland, but were originally 
 of Sheffield. Enghuid. 
 
 KEXXEY, JOIIX J., was educated in the public schoids of Rich- 
 mond County and ^fanhattan Borough. He taught school in Pich- 
 mond County, studied law with .Tudge Toni]>kins Westervelt, and 
 took a cour.se in the Law School of the T'niversitv of the Citv of X"ew 
 
KXXYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY 
 
 327 
 
 York. lie \v;is adiuitlcd to The bar in l'\'l)i-uary, 1882, and has been 
 enjiaged in practice since. ITe is attorney to the Staten Island Elec- 
 tric Railroad Company and the Board of Supervisors of Eichmond 
 ("onnty. He served nine yeiU's as Clerk of the villai;e of New Bri.iili- 
 ton, and also served as a member of its Board of Education. He 
 likewise served six years as S<diool Commissioner for Richmond 
 County, and secured the imjn'ovement of every schoolhouse in the 
 county and the erection of many new edifices. Since February lo, 
 1808, he has been Justice of the ^lunicipal Court for the Borouiih 
 of Richmond by appointment of INIayor ^'an Wyck. He is the son 
 (if Patrick and ^larv Kennev, and was tiorn in New York Citv, Marcli 
 2, 1858. 
 
 FITZGERALD, THOMAS W., was a clerk of the City Court from 
 1884 to 1887, when President Cleveland ajijiointt'd Iiim a member of 
 the Board of Pension Ap- 
 peals. He was Secretaiy of 
 the Board of Police C(nn- 
 missiouers of Richmond 
 County from March, 188!>, 
 to January, 1800, when he 
 resijiued to assume the office 
 of District Attorney of the 
 same county, to wliich lie 
 had been elected in Novem- 
 ber preceding'. In 1802 lie 
 was re-elected District At- 
 torney by the laroest majnr 
 ity ever received for thai 
 office in Richmond County. 
 He was a member of the 
 Constitutional Conventinii 
 of 1804. He is a well-known 
 canipaiiiu speaker, for many 
 years has been a member of 
 the Democratic County 
 Committee of Richmon<l 
 County, and Vice-Chairman 
 of the Democratic General 
 Committee, and has been a 
 frequent delej>ate to State 
 
 Conventions. In 1808 ilayor Van Wyck appointed liim a Justice of 
 the Court of Special Sessions. The son of Thomas W. Fitzii'erald and 
 Susan, daujihter of Danic] Howard, he was born in tliis city, Se])tem- 
 ber 1, 1854, and educated in tlie jniblic scliools and tlie Colleuc of the 
 Citv of New York. 
 
 THOM.VS \V. HT/.ciKHAI.n 
 
328 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 fc^EABUKY, EOBEKT, was (Hhicated at the Hempstead Institute 
 aud Uniou Hill Academy of Jamaica, studied law with Alden J. 
 Spoouer, of Brooklyn, and Judge William H. Onderdonk, of Queens 
 County, aud was admitted to the bar in December, 18G6. For 
 two years he practiced with John W. C. Leveiidge, of New York 
 City, subsequently fonued a partnership with Alden J. Spooner, of 
 Brooklyn, and since 1870 has practiced at Hempstead, L. I. For 
 thirteen years he has been a member of the Hempstead Board of 
 Education. Since April, 1876, he has been Clerk to the Queens 
 County Board of Supervisors. He is a director of tlie Hempstead 
 Bank and its counsel. He is a member of the Keform Club of Xew 
 York, and is Past Master of Morton Lodge, No. 63, Free and Accepted 
 Masons. He was born in Hempstead, L. I., December 10, 1841, and 
 is the son of Kobert S. Seabury, merchant, and Sarah Elizabeth 
 Hunt. He descends from John Seabury, who came to Massachusetts 
 during the early colonial period, and whose grandson, John Seabury, 
 in 1G73, married a daughter of John Alden and Priscilla Mullins. 
 Rev. Samuel Seabiiry, D.D., who was born in 1706, was the father 
 of Samuel and .Vdam Seabury, who settled in Hempstead. Mr. Sea- 
 bury married, first, Amelia Hendrickson, in May, 1870, and, second, 
 Mary Hendrickson, a sister of his first wife, in July, 18S4. He has a 
 son, Albert Hewlett Seabury, who was graduated as a civil engineer 
 from Cornell University in 1895. 
 
 BOWMAN, HENRY HOPPER, studied at Cornell University for 
 one year, at the University of New York for one year, and two 
 years later was graduated ft'om the Columbia College Law School. 
 This was in 1875. While studying law he lectured on commercial 
 law and the theory of accounts in Packard's Businci^s College in 
 this city. He began law practice in this city in 1877, and three years 
 later entered the firm of Smith & Bowman. For many years he 
 has been President and Treasurer of the Peter Adams Company and 
 the Adams & Bisliop Company, manufacturers of high-grade paper, 
 and has held the same offices in the Passaic Quari-y Company. He 
 is a member of the Aldine Club of Manhattan Borough and the Mon- 
 tauk Club of Brooklyn. He was born in Paterson, N. J., May 9, 1851, 
 and is the son of John Harkness Bowman and Eliza Jane Hopper. 
 He is of Scotch, English, Dutch, and French ancestry. His father, 
 a civil engineer, was born in (Jlasgow, Scotland. 
 
 VAN NAME, CAL^'IN DECKER, has been engaged in the prac- 
 tice of law in New York City since 1877. He has maintained his resi- 
 dence on Staten Ishiiid. liowever, Avhere he was born, and has taken 
 an interest in all local public improvements. He served a number of 
 years as a member of the I>oard of Sewer Commissioners of the village 
 of Port Richmond. S. L, luiw a i)nrt of the City of New York, and was 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 329 
 
 York. The hou of 
 (laiitiliter of Ben- 
 sides alike he de- 
 
 also its Corporation Counsel. He is a menibei of the Holland Society 
 and the Democratic ('lub of New York City, and of New York Com- 
 niaudery, Knights Templars, and Mecca Temple of the Order of 
 Nobles of the jMystic Shriue. He was born at Mariner's Harbor, S. I., 
 January' 3, 1857; was educated in the New York City public schools, 
 prepared for the University Law School, and in ^May. 1877, was gradu- 
 ated from that institiition with the degree of Bachelor of Laws, 
 and at once was admitted to the bar of New 
 William Henry Van Name and Elizabeth A., 
 janiin Decker, on the paternal anil maleinal 
 scends from old Dutch fam- 
 ilies of New Amsterdam. 
 Tlirough his mother lie lin- 
 eally descends from Lieu- 
 tenant Decker, who was the 
 first Sheriff of New Nether- 
 lands. On the paternal side 
 lie descends — through Will- 
 iam Henry ^"an Name, Co!-- 
 nelius Van Name, Aaron 
 Van Name, Charles Van 
 Name, Simon A'an Name, 
 and Evert Van Name — 
 from Joachem A'an Name, 
 Avho ai-rived at New York 
 City in the ship Hope, wliieli 
 sailed from Amsterdam, 
 April S, 16G2. He lived for 
 some time in Harlem (see 
 Biker's " History of Har- 
 lem," p. 33!) ) . Subsecjuently 
 lie settled at Kingston, 
 T'lster County, N. Y'., and 
 there married Elizabeth, 
 daughter of Evert Pell. calvis delker van naml. 
 
 One of their sons. Evert. 
 
 the ancestcn- of Mr. Van Name, married Wintje Beuleani. and settled 
 on Staten Island, where descendants have continued to the present 
 time (see Clnte's " History of Staten Island " ). Joacliem \'an Name 
 was a son of Engelbert Van Name, of Ileusden, on the I'viver :Meuse, 
 in Holland. From this place Joachem Van Name went to Amster- 
 dam, and thence took slup for New Amsterdam. 
 
 HOTTENBOTH, ADOLPH CHBISTIAN, attended the New York 
 jHiblic schools, in 1888 was graduated from tlie College of the City 
 of New York in the scientific course, and in 1890 was graduated 
 
330 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 from the Lnw Srliool oi tli*^ Xcw York University. He praetieeJ 
 alone for a time after liis admission to tlie bar, and tlien became a 
 member of tlie present firm of Gnmbleton & Hottenrotli. Tie is 
 counsel to the Taxpayers" Alliance, while his firm are attorneys to 
 the I'eople's (Inaranty and Indt'innity Company. ITe was a deleiiate 
 to the Constitutional Conxention of LS94, and secui-ed the adoption 
 of canal imi)rovenu^nts in tiiat body. As counsel of the property 
 ownei-s of the Twenty-third Ward he was active in securing through 
 trains on the INranhattau Elevated Kailway and a uniform fare of five 
 cent.s. He is a mcnilicr of the New York City Council for the term 
 from 189S to 1!)02. The son of Christian C. Hottenrotli and Catherine 
 Sandrock, he was born in New York Citv, INIav 9, 1S69. 
 
 MoKOON, DENNIS DANIEL, began the practice of law in Oswego 
 County, New York, in 1854, served two terms as Judge of the 
 
 County Cour-t of that county, and 
 was just entering upon the third 
 term, for wliich he had been (dected, 
 ^ ,., , flM^^ when the Civil War was inaugu- 
 
 W ' * AAv^^ vntea. He resigned from the bench 
 
 and enlisted in Company D of the 
 One Hundred and Tenth New 
 York A'olunteers. He soon rose to 
 the rank of First Lieiitenant, and 
 acted as Adjutant of the regi- 
 ment. A subsequent attack of 
 typhoid fever incapacitated him for 
 furthei' military service, as well as 
 for business activity of any kind, 
 for a term of three years. In 1867 
 he again liegan the practice of 
 law in ]\riddIetown, Orange Coun- 
 ty, N. Y., whither he had removed, 
 as a member of the firm of 
 Foote, McKoou & Stoddard. In 
 1874 he also opened an office in New York City, while in 1877 that at 
 .Middletown was completely abandoned. At present he is head of 
 the New York law firm of McKoon & Luckey, his son, D. Gilbert 
 McKoon, having been received into partnership in 1889, and David B. 
 Luckey in 1892. Judge :McKoon is President of the Mannahasset Park 
 Association, of ^Monmouth County, New Jersey, is A'ice-President of 
 the Frontier I>ank (d' Niagara, N. Y., of which he has been a director 
 since its organization, and is Treasurer of the Kichmoud Homestead 
 Association, of New York City. He married, in 1852, Mary, daugh- 
 ter of Andrus (lilbert, a wealthy citizen of Oswego County. New 
 York, where he served many terms as Supervisor, and for more than 
 
 DKNKIS D.\NIEL McKOON. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 331 
 
 forty years was a civil magistrate. Mrs. McKoou died, lejiviug oue 
 cliild, the present D. Gilbert McKoou. Judge McKoon was himself 
 boru in Ilion, Herkimer County, y. Y., October 17, 1827, the son of 
 Martin McKoon and Margaret, daughter of Colonel Clapsaddle. the 
 latter an officer in the War of 1S12, and a prominent and wealthy 
 citizen of Herkimer County. Judge ^McKuon is lineally descended 
 from Martin Luther, of Germany, and Koger Williams, of Rhode 
 Island. His ancestor, James McKoou, son of Jonathan McKoon. of 
 Scotland, settled in Herkimer County, Xew York, in the middle of the 
 eighteenth century. While the family was of Norman origin, Kichard 
 le Machun and Kobert le Machun were established among the Scotch 
 nobility as early as 12(U A.D. and 1290 A.D., respectively. The late 
 Judge McKoon, Vice-Chancellor of the State of New York, was Mr. 
 McKoon's uncle. 
 
 LOEl), DANIEL, founder of the well-known law lirni of Lord, Day 
 & Lord, was born in Stonington, Conn., September 2, 1795, and died 
 in New York City, IMarcli 4, 1808. He was graduated from Yale Col- 
 lege in 181-4, attended the Law S<-h()(d at Litrliticld. Conn., and in 1817 
 was admitted to the New York bar. During the last forty years of 
 his life he was counsel on one side or the other in most of the noted 
 civil suits in the New York State courts. He appeared in the cases 
 growing out of the fire in New York in 1836, those growing out of the 
 panic in 1837, the litigations between the ^letlKxlist and iMitch Re- 
 formed churches, and the Mason and Phelits and the Leake will con- 
 tests. He also won in the United States Supreme Court in the case of 
 the prize ship Hiawatha. 
 
 L'AMOREAUX, JESSE SEYMOUR, attended the coiiinion schools 
 of Saratoga County, New York, and subse(|uently was graduated 
 from the Fort Edward Collegiate Institute. lie studied law in Schuy- 
 lerville, N. Y., and was admitted to the bar. May 8, 1861. He enjoys 
 an extensive practice, having offices in Ballston Spa, N. Y., and in 
 New York City. During the last ten years he has mainly devoted 
 himself to corporation work. He is a director and Vice-President 
 of the First National Bank of Ballston Spa, as well as its attorney. 
 He served a term of six years as County Judge of Saratoga County, 
 having been elected in 1882. He is a member of the Lotos Club of 
 New York City and the Albany and Saratoga clubs. He has been 
 a Royal Arch 3Iason for twenty-five years. He is a member of tlie 
 First Presbyterian Chnrcli of Ballston Spa. He was bora in Wilton, 
 Saratoga County, N. Y'., December 11, 1837, and is the son of Jesse 
 L'Amoreaux and Charity Esmond. 
 
 CA:\rPBELL, THO:^IAS C, lawyer, was born in Rochester, N. Y"., 
 April 27, 1845, and, at the age of sixteen, enlisted in the Union Army, 
 
332 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 bciiiti' nuistercd out in October, 1S65. In 1807 he wai^ elected Qnarter- 
 nuister-General on the staff of Comniander-iu-Chief John A. Logan of 
 the Grand Arniv of tlie Republic, and was appointed editor of the 
 JxijiiihUr, organ of this society. This position he held until March, 1870, 
 when he was graduated from the Cincinnati Law School and began 
 the practice of law in Cincinnati, Oliio. In 1868 he had been elected a 
 lueniber of the City Council of Cincinnati, while in ISG'J he had been 
 appointed Assistant Kevenue Collector. Elected Prosecuting Attorney 
 of Cincinnati in 1871, he held the office for two tenns. For ten years 
 he was couns<'l of the Cincinnati Ga.:rtlc. He prosecuted election 
 frauds for the Republican Committee in 1876. In behalf of Judge Cox- 
 he successfully contested before the Ohio Senate and Supreme Court 
 the elt^cti(ui of Judson TTai-inon, late Attorney-General of the United 
 
 States. He was counsel for Hon. 
 Stanley Matthews, subsequently 
 a Justice of the Supreme Court of 
 the United States, in his contest 
 with tieneral Banning, and was 
 counsel for Governor Camjibell in 
 las Congressional contest. He suc- 
 cessfully defended Chief of Police 
 Shellbaker and Ccnnptroller Hoff- 
 man, both of Cincinnati. In 188-1 
 he founded the Cincinnati Eveniixj 
 Trh'iinini, and for three years con- 
 ducted it. Since 1888 he has been 
 engaged in practice in New York 
 City. For four years he was Pres- 
 ident of the Hamilton Republican 
 Club of this city. He is a mem- 
 ber of the Ohio Society, and is a 
 Scottish Rite Mason. He is a 
 member of the Reorganization 
 Committee of the Columbus Central Railway Comjiauy. He has tAvice 
 been nominated for Congress, both times declining to accept. 
 
 A.Ml'liKI.L. 
 
 SHELDON, EDWARD WinCHT, was graduatcl fiom Princeton 
 College in 1S79, subseciueutly receiving the degree of Master of Arts; 
 studied law A\ith William A. W. Stewart, of New York City, and 
 in 1881 was graduated from the Columbia College Law School. He 
 lias since iiracticiMl in New York. He has been counsel for the 
 National Park J'.ank and the T'nited States Trust Company in impor- 
 tant litigations, and has rondurted a large number of foreclosure 
 and mortgage ]i]'ocecdings against railroad corjiorations. He was 
 born in Plainficld, N. J., December 17, IS.'iS. and is the son of Rev. 
 George Sheldon, I),D., and ]\Lirtha LA^nian. lie lineallv descends from 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF XEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 333 
 
 Isaac Slii'ldnii, who sailed from IMyinoutli, Euglaiid, aud was at Dor- 
 chester, Mass., in 1634; at ^yindsor, ('oiin., in 1040, aud eventually 
 settled at Northampton, Mass. 
 
 CKUMWELL, CtEOKCII':. lawyer, and first Tresident of the Boroujih 
 of Richmond under the present charter of the < 'ity of New York, was 
 graduated in 187S from the Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute, in 1883 
 was graduated from Yale University, and subse(|iiently was giaduated 
 from the Columbia College Law School. He entered the laAV ottice of 
 Elihu IJoot, afterward forming his present connection with the lirm 
 of Butler, Stillman & Hubbard. In 1887 he was elected to the New 
 York Assembly as a Republican from Kichmond County, receiving 
 a majority of 1,229, the largest ever received by a Kcpublican in tlie 
 county. In 1888 he was the unsuc- 
 cessful Ilepiiblican candidate for 
 Congress from the First New Y^ork 
 District. During 1888 aud 1889 he 
 was a member of the Republican 
 State Committee. In 1897, Gover- 
 nor Black appointed him a member 
 of the Board of Park Commission- 
 ers for IMchmond County, Avhile by 
 Ills colleagues he was elected Presi- 
 dent of tiie Board. Elected Presi 
 dent of the Borough of Richmond 
 in 1897, he was seated in ofjtice after 
 a contest in the courts. He is a 
 director of the Walker Chemical 
 Company, and a member of the 
 Union League, Century, and Uni- 
 versity clubs, and the Downtown 
 
 Association, of Manhattan Bor- 
 ough; the Hamilton Club, of 
 
 Brooklyn, aud various clubs and societies of Staten Island and else- 
 where. He breeds hackney horses on his estate. Far View Farm, on 
 Staten Island. Born in Brooklyn, N. Y.. July 3, I860, he is the son 
 of the late Henry B. Cromwell, New York merchant, and founder of 
 the Cromwell Steamship Lines. He descends from Thomas Cromwell. 
 Earl of Essex, head of the family of which the famous Lord Protector 
 of England was a member. 
 
 J 
 
 GEOKCK CROMWKI,!.. 
 
 CULLEN, EDGAR MONTGO^MERY, Justice of the Supreme Court, 
 attended the Kinderhook, N. Y., Academy, in 1860 was graduated 
 from Columbia College, and entered the Troy Polytechnic Institute. 
 Wlien the Civil War occurred he became Second Lieutenant in the 
 First United States Infantry. He participated in the battles of Cor- 
 
334 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 iiitli and Fariuiiigton. Coiiimissioiied by Govemor [Morgan in 1SG2, 
 when nineteen years of age, Colonel of the Xinety-sixtli New York 
 Volunteers, be served in this capacity in the ^'irgiuia operations 
 leading to the downfall of Lee. Upon his return he followed the 
 profession of civil engineer, and in 1S75 became Engineer-in-chief on 
 the staff of Governor Tilden, with the rank of Brigadier-General. 
 He had also begun the stiuly of law with his uncle, Judge Alexander 
 Mc<Jue, soon after his return from the arm}', and, in May, 1SG7, was 
 admitted to the bar. He became a member of the Brooklyn law firm 
 of McCue, Hall ,S: Cullen, which, in 1870, was reorganized as Hall & 
 CuUeu. He served several years as Assistant District Attorney, hav- 
 ing been appointed in 1872. In 1880 he was elected on the Demo- 
 cratic ticket a Justice of the Supreme Court for the Second Judicial 
 District of the State of Xew York. He distinguished himself by his 
 judicial integrity and impartiality in the famous Dutchess County 
 election case, which led to the defeat of Isaac H. Maynard for the 
 Court of Appeals in the State election of 1892. The Democratic 
 politicians proposed to discipline Judge Cullen by refusing him a re- 
 nomination for the Supreme Court bench in 1891. The Brooklyn 
 Bar Association took action, however, public sentiment became 
 strong on the subject, and Judge Cxilleu was finallj- nominated by 
 the Eepublican Convention and by both wings of the Democracy. He 
 was elected by a phenomenal majority. He was born in Brooklyn, 
 N. Y., December 1, 1813, and is the son of the late Dr. Henry James 
 Cullen and Eliza McCue. His father was one of the most prominent 
 physicians of Brooklyn. 
 
 FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY, a brother of Cyrus W. Field and of 
 Hon. Stephen J. Field, of the United States Supreme Court bench, 
 was tutored by his father; in 1825 was graduated from ^Mlliams 
 College; read law with Harmanus Bleecker, of Albany, and was 
 licensed as an attorney at New Y'ork City in 1828, and admitted as 
 a counselor in 1830. He was counsel for James Fisk in the Erie liti- 
 gation, and for A\'illiam M. Tweed at the time of the ovei'throw of 
 the Tweed ring. He was counsel for Samuel J. Tilden in the Tilden- 
 Ha,yes Presidential contest. He was elected to Congress in 1877 to 
 till the unexpired term of Smith Ely. But his fame rests upon his 
 work in codifying the laws. He advocated codification as early as 
 1839, and in 1811 submitted to the Legislature several bills on the 
 subject, which failed of passage. The Constitutional Convention of 
 1816 recommended codification, and in 1817 Mr. Field was appointed 
 one of the commissioners to draft codes. Tlie New York code of civil 
 procedure was tlius drafted and was enacted into law by the Legis- 
 lature in 1817. Held also drafted the code of criminal procedure 
 adopted by the Legislature in 1881, and the penal code adopted in 
 1882. His gTeatest effort, the civil code, has so far failed of adoption, 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 335 
 
 priinipally on account of the hostile attitude of the Association of 
 the Bar of the City of XeAV Yorlv. His civil code has been enacted 
 in the two Dakotas and California, however, while his code of crimi- 
 nal procedure is the basis of that adopted in nearly thirty States and 
 several Territories. Before the British Association for the Promotion 
 of Social Science he advocated in 1SG6 the adoption of international 
 codes looking to the abolition of war and the substitution of judicial 
 arbitration. He was the first President of the Association for the 
 Reform and Codification of the Laws of Nations. His " Outlines of 
 an International Code " has been translated into French, Italian, and 
 Chinese. He was born in Haddam, Conn., February 13, ISOo, and 
 died in Xew York City, April 13, 1894. He was the eldest of the dis- 
 tinguished sons of IJev. David Dudley Field and Submit Dickinson. 
 
 TKACY, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, attended the commcm schools 
 and the Owego ( N. Y.) Academy, studied huv with Davis & Warner, 
 of Owego, and in May, 1851, was admitted to the bar. He practiced 
 law for ten years in Owego. In November, 1853, he was elected Dis- 
 trict Attorney of Tioga County, New Yorlc, on the ^Vhig ticket, and 
 A\as re-elected for a second term of three years. 
 In the organization of the Republican party he 
 became one of its local leaders. Elected to the 
 New York Assembly in 1801, he was active in 
 securing the election of Henry J. Raynn;)nd as 
 its Speaker, and was Chairman of several im- 
 portant committees. He also assisted in effect- 
 ing an alliance between the War Democrats 
 and the Republicans. In 1862 he raised a regi- 
 ment in his district, and was apiniinted its 
 Colonel. Having been assigned to tlio defense 
 of Washington, and to duty in Northern Mr- 
 ginia, his regiment became a part of the Ninth HKN.rAMix f. tracy. 
 
 Corps, and was engaged in the Wilderness 
 
 campaign of 1804. A portion of the Union line having given way on 
 the extreme right in the battle of the Wilderness, Colonel Tracy seized 
 the colors and carried his men forward with a charge, the capture of 
 the works following. For this he was awarded a medal. He was sub- 
 sequently prostrated by sickness and sent home. He resigned, but 
 when he had recovered, re-entered the service, and was assigned to 
 the command at Eluiira, N. Y.. where there was a camp and drafr 
 rendezvous, as well as a large number of Confederate prisoners. At 
 tlie close of the war he resigned, having been commissioned Brigadier- 
 ( Jeneral. He became a member of the New York law tirm of Benedict, 
 Burr & Benedict in July, 1S(;5. lie soon made Brooklyn his residence. 
 In 1800 he was appointed United States Attorney for tin- Eastern 
 District of New York, and did much to stamp out illicit distilling. 
 
3'Mi HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 caiTifd on tlirou,i;li official conuivance. lie was one of the counsel of 
 lleui y Ward Ueechei- in tlie defense of the famous suit brought against 
 the preacher by Theodore Tilton. He argued a number of important 
 cases in the Court of Appeals, the Federal courts, and the fc<upreme 
 Court of the United States. By appointment of Governor Cornell he 
 was a Judge of the Court of Appeals from December 8, 1881, until suc- 
 ceded through the election of Chief Judge linger, January 1, 1883. A 
 delegate to the Kepnblican National Convention of ISSO, he was one of 
 the " Ir^talwarts " who voted for General Grant to the end. He was 
 IJepublican candidate for Mayor of Brooklyn in 1881, but resigned 
 in favor of Beth Low, who was elected. In 1882 he was caudidat(^ for 
 Justice of the Supreme Court, received 23,000 more votes than the rest 
 of the ticket, but was defeated, Cleveland carrying the State that year 
 by i;t2.000 majority. He was Secretary of the Navy in the Cabinet of 
 President Benjamin Harrison, and was enthusiastic in the work of 
 building up the new navy. At the end of tlie administration he re- 
 sumed the practice of law in New York ('ity, and is head of the tirm of 
 Tracy, Boardiuan & I'latt. lie and ex-President Harrison were counsel 
 for "\'enezuela in the boundary dispute between that country and Eng- 
 land. By Governor Morton he was appointed one of the nine commis- 
 sioners to draft the char-ter of the present City of New York. In the first 
 municipal election of the consolidated city under this cliarter, in the 
 fall of 18!l7, General Tracy was the IJepublican candidate for Mayor, 
 the other candidates being Seth Low, Robert Van Wyck, and Henry 
 George. Born in Owego, Tioga County, N. Y., April 20, 1830, General 
 Tracy is the son of Benjamin Tracy. His ancestors, originally- from 
 Ireland, were long established in Vermont. 
 
 O'CONOE, CHABLES, for many years conceded to be the most 
 eminent legal practitioner in New York City and the nation, was 
 born in New York City, Januain- 22, 1801:, and died in Nantucket, 
 Mass., May 12, 188L His father, of an old family of Connaught, 
 Ireland, came to New York City in 1801. When thirteen years of 
 age, Charles O'Conor entered a lawyer's office. He was admitted 
 to the bar as an attorney in 1824, and as a counselor in 1827. He 
 was counsel in the Lispenard will contest, the Slave Jack and the 
 Lemon slave cases, appearing for the slaveholders; the Forrest divorce 
 case, the Parish and Jumel will cases, the Tweed prosecution, and 
 the Tilden-Hayes Presidential contest. He was counsel for Jefferson 
 Davis when the latter was indicted for treason. Under President 
 Pierce he was for a time United States District Attorney for the 
 Southern District of New York. He was the Presidential candidate 
 of that faction of the Democratic party which rejected the nomination 
 of Horace Greeley, but failed to carry a State. He left books and a 
 considerable sum of money to the New York Law Institute Library. 
 He recovered |G1,000 for Mrs. Forrest after nineteen years' litigation. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 337 
 
 The impresaon had gone abroad, ^vliicli ]\Ir. o'Coiior bad unfortu- 
 nately left uucoutradicted, that be bad uiidertakeu Mrs. Forrest's 
 case in pure pbilantbropv. His cbivah y liad, in fact, called out a gift 
 of silver plate from tbe ladies of !N"ew York, which he had accepted. 
 Hence charges were made when be acceided as his fee a large pro- 
 portion of tbe sum recovered for Mrs. Forrf^st. 'Sir. O'Conor at once 
 demanded an investigation at the liands of the Association of tbe 
 Bar of tbe Cit^- of New York, and by a committee appointed from 
 that body be was exonerated from tbe charge of unprofessional 
 conduct. 
 
 EVARTS, WILLIAM MAXAYELL, succeeded Charles O'Conor as 
 tlie acknowledged bead of tbe Xew York bar. He attended the Boston 
 Latin School, in 1837 was graduated from Yale College, having 
 founded, while at college, the Tnlr LUcnirn Macju-'uie, and studied law 
 at the Harvard Law School and with 
 Daniel Lord, of New York. He was 
 admitted to tbe bar in 1841, and al- 
 most at once attracted attention. 
 From 1819 to 1852 he was Assistant 
 District Attorney of New York City. 
 In 1851 be prosecuted the Cuban lili- 
 busters in tbe case of the Cleopatra. 
 As counsel for the State of New York 
 he argued tbe Lemmon Slave case in 
 the Supreme Court in 1857, and in tlie 
 Court of Appeals in LSfJO. In 1802 he 
 maintained in the United States Su- 
 preme Court the right of tbe Govern- 
 ment to treat ca](tured vessels as 
 prizes. In tbe same tribunal he dem- 
 onstrated in 1865 and 1800 tbe uncon- 
 stitutionality of State laws whicli, 
 
 without Congressional sanction, sought to tax National bank stock and 
 Government bonds. He was chief counsel fen- tbe President in the 
 Johnson impeachment proceedings in the I'nite<l States Senate. Ap- 
 pointed United States Atorney-General in tlie Cabiiu^ of Jolmson, July 
 15, 1868, he served until the close of the adnnnistration. He was cliief 
 counsel for the Ignited States in the successful ])rosecution of the Ala- 
 bama claims before the Arbitiation Tribunal at Geneva, Switzerland, 
 in 1872. He was chief counsel for Henry ^A'ard Beecher in the sensa- 
 tional Tilton suit of 1875. Two years later he was chief counsel for 
 the Republican National ( 'ommittee in the Tihlen-Hayes Presidential 
 contest. He was counsel in the Parish and Ganlner will contests. 
 Still the nominal bead of tbe notable law firm of Evarts, Choate & 
 Beaman, for some vears be has been in retirement. He was Chairman 
 
 WIII.IA.M MAXWKLl. KVAKTS. 
 
338 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 of the New York delcnatinii in the Ikeimblicaii Natioii.-il ( 'oiivention 
 in 1N(JU, and in that body nonunated William II. Seward for the Presi- 
 dency. In ISCl he and Horace Greeley were rival candidates for the 
 United States Senate before the Xew York Legislatnre. Evai*ts 
 withdrew in favor of Ira Harris, who was elected. Tlironi^hont the 
 administration of Pre.sident Hayes, Mr. Evarts was Secretary of State. 
 At the close of his term he was ai)pointed the deleiiate from the United 
 States to the Hiternational Monetary Conference at Paris in 1S81. He 
 was United States Senator from Xew Y'ork from .March 4, 1885, to 
 March 3, 1891, and was the leader of the Kepnblican ]»aity in the Sen- 
 ate. He has delivered many notable orations on inipmtant public 
 occasions. He was born in Boston, Mass., Febrnaiw <1, 1818, and is 
 the son of the late Jereniiali lOvarts. well known as a jdiilanthropist. 
 
 CAKTER, JA]MES COOLIDGE, was graduated from Harvard Col- 
 lego in IS.'iO, from the Harvard Law School in 1853. and the same year 
 was admitted to the bar at New Y'ork, where he has since f-dlowed 
 his profession. He stands at the head of his profession in this city. 
 He is senior member of the tirm of Carter & Ledyard, has been Presi- 
 dent of the Bar Association of the City of Xew Y'ork, and since its 
 organization in 1892 has been President of the City Club, founded 
 Avith a view to reform in municipal government. He is also a mem- 
 ber (d' the Metropolitan, Union League, Century, University, and 
 Alpha Delta Phi clubs. He was a factor in the overthrow of the 
 Tweed ring, was one of the founders of the Bar Association, organ- 
 ized at that time, and was counsel for the people in the suit to recover 
 |;0,00(),000 from Tweed. In 1S75. Governor Tildeu appointed him 
 a member of the commission to recommend a form of municii)al gOA 
 ernment for the cities of the State of Xew York. He has been counsel 
 for the City of New Y'ork in many of its most imi)ortant cases in the 
 Court of Appeals. As an authority on international law his repu- 
 tation is more than national. He repi'esented the United States Gov- 
 ernment before the Tribunal of Arbitration at Pai'is in 1893 on the 
 seal fishery question. He was counsel of the Federal Government in 
 the notable income tax cases in the United States Supreme Court. 
 In the same court he was counsel in the case of the Scotia, in cases 
 to recover from A. T. Stewart & Co.; in the Madame Jumel will liti- 
 gations, in the Bate Befrigerator litigation, in the test case to deter- 
 mine the con.stitutionality of the law excluding Chinese laborers, in 
 cases testing the Ignited States land grants to transcontinental rail- 
 roads, in the Counsehnan case, the Louisiana lottery cases, and many 
 others. He has published " The Proposed Codification of our Com- 
 mon Law," " The Provinces of the Written and the Unwntten Law," 
 and '■ The Ideal and the Actual in the Law." He Avas born in Lancas- 
 ter, Mass., October 14, 1827, and is the son of Major Solonn)n Carter 
 and Elizabeth Wliite. He lineally descends from Rev. Thomas Carter, 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 339 
 
 who was educated at St. John's </ollei;c^, Cambrid,n-e, Eniilaud, came 
 to America in 1635, and was minister of the church at Wohurn, Mass., 
 for fortv-two years. 
 
 CURTIS, GEOIJGE WILLIAM, was one of tlie most distinguished 
 citizens of New York, and wielded a powerful national influence in 
 inculcating high ideals in the administration (d' public affairs. (For 
 portrait, see A'olume I., page 484, of this work.) While he was a 
 popular lyceum lecturer and delivered orations on many notable pub- 
 lic occasions, the (ddef medium of the propagation of his vicnvs was 
 Hfuixrs Waklji, of which he was political editor from 18(i4 until his 
 death, August 31, 1892. In early days he was a member of the famous 
 Brook Farm Colony, and subse(]uenlly spent eighteen months at Con- 
 cord as the companion of Emerson and Hawthorne; but while most of 
 these iduloso]dMcal spirits were mere tlii-orists, Curtis ajiplied him- 
 self to ])ractical affairs, and seeking only to im])ose what was feasible, 
 had the satisfaction of seeing many of the principles for which he 
 contended practically a]»]died in public administration. Civil-service 
 reform alfords a notable instance. Our local Idstory in recent years 
 has also emphasized the wisdom (d' his contention that patriotism 
 should so triumph over jiartisanslii]) that party aftiliations are freely 
 repudiated whenever macdiine pt)liticians dominate to the extent of 
 imposing unflt candidates who can not be trusted not to turn gov- 
 ernment into a public scandal. Born in Providence, February 24, 
 1824, he removed with his ]jarents to Xew York at the age of flfteeu, 
 and w-as a merchant's clerk prior to his connection with Brook Farm. 
 Subsequent to that episode lie traveled for four years in Europe, 
 Egy]»t, and Syria, and in 1850 published his " Nile Notes of a How- 
 adji." The same year he joined the editorial staff of the New Yoi'k 
 Trihiiiir, while a series of letters contributed to that journal were re- 
 published under the title of " Lotus Eating." Fiitiiaiii's Moiiihli/ hav- 
 ing been established in 1852, he soon became its editor, and when the 
 enterprise failed "with unexampled generosity and nicety of honor, 
 sacrificed his private fortune and mortgaged his future earnings to 
 save the creditors of the periodical from loss." " Potiphar Papers " 
 and " Prue and I " were republications from this magazine. His first 
 novel, '• Trumps," a satii-ical exposure of fashionable life, appeared 
 as a serial in Tlarixr's Wivl-h/ in 1858-9, while the "Lounger" series 
 ai»])eared in the same in 1858. For six years ])rior to 1873 lie contrib- 
 uted to I[arp(r\s Fxizar the series, " Manners on the Boad, by an 
 Old Bachelor." In addition to his notable seiwice as political editor 
 of the Wcel-li/, lie also long contributed the " Easy Chair," a dejiart- 
 ment in Ilnrpri's Month! n M(i<i(i:iii( . Always an ojiponent of slav- 
 ery, he supported Fremont in the campaign of 1856, and was a dele- 
 gate to the Be])ublican National Conventions winch nominated 
 Lincoln, in 18(10 and 1804. He refused tlie post of (V)nsul-Gen- 
 
340 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 crnl to Eiiypt offered him by Lincoln in 1S62. Congressional cau- 
 <lidate in the First District of this city in 1864, he was defeated 
 with the rest of the local Keptiblican ticket. The same year he 
 became a Eegent of the State University. He was a member of 
 the Constitntioual Convention of 1867 and Chairman of its Committee 
 ou Education. In 1868 he was a Presidential elector. Appointed by 
 President Grant in 1871 one of the commission to draught regtilations 
 for the Federal civil service, he was elected President of the commis- 
 sion, as also of the Advisory Board which succeeded it. His early and 
 constant love for tlie Rei)ublican ]>arty deeply emphasized the signifi- 
 cance of his reptidiatiou of the nomination of James (J. Blaine for the 
 Presidency in 1881, and his advocacy of the candidacy of Grover Cleve- 
 land, who had just made his splendid record as Mayor of Btiffalo and 
 Governor of Xew York. 
 
 DANA, CHAELES AXDERSOX, editor and principal proprietor of 
 the New York Sini from 1867 until his death in October, 1897. occu- 
 
 ])ied a. conspictious place in the history of 
 American journalism. He was freqtient- 
 ly styled the " dean '' and the " Nestor " 
 among- journalists of the United States; 
 but his great professional merit lay in the 
 remarkable degree in which lie intro- 
 ducetl literary workmanship of a high 
 grade into journalism without sacrificing 
 — but rather promoting — tlie character 
 of his organ as a newspai)er. He was 
 born in Hinsdale, N. H., August 8. 1819, 
 spent two years at Harvard, althotigh 
 failing eyesight did not ]iermit him to 
 graduate, and subsequently joined the 
 Brook Farm community. He was an 
 active contributor to tlie periodical of the 
 coinnninity, the Harbiufin; and later 
 joined the stafl" of the Boston CJinninfi/pc. 
 In 1817 he became connected with the 
 New York Trihniir, and during 1848 served that and several other 
 journals as European correspondent. He was managing editor of the 
 Trihinir from 1849 to 1862, resigning in tlie latter year because of his 
 disagreement with Horace Greeley's- war policy. He was then ap- 
 ]>ointed Assistant Secretary of War. and was subsequently the con- 
 fidential representative of Lincoln and his Cabinet ou the field. His 
 own accotmt of this service was completed shortly before his death, 
 and has been published in serial form in one of the magazines. After 
 the war and pi-ior to his connection with the New York l^itu, he was 
 for a time on the staff of the Chicaii-o Trihunc. He had a remarkable 
 
 1.11AKLKS AXDKRSdX DA.NA. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 341 
 
 command of auoient aud inodiTii languages, traveled much abroad, 
 was au art connoisseur, an expert on porcelains, and an authority on 
 horticulture. With (jieorge liipley he planned aud edited Appleton's 
 " New American Cyclopa'dia "; in collaboration with General James 
 II. Wilson wrote a " Life of General Grant," and compiled the 
 " Household Book of I'oetry," and " Fifty Perfect I'oems." He mar- 
 ried, in 1S4(), Eunice McDaniel, of Maryland, who survives him, and 
 had one sou — Paul Dana — and three daughters — Mrs. William H. 
 Draper, Mrs. John W. Brannan, and Mrs. Walter M. Underhill. He 
 was the son of Anderson Dana and Ann Denisou. grandson of Daniel 
 Dana and Dollie Kibbee, great-grandson of Anderson Dana, who per- 
 ished in the Wyoming massacre, in which he was volunteer Aid to 
 Colonel Zebulon Butler, and was descended from liichard Dana, who 
 settled in Cambridge. Mass., in 1040. 
 
 DANA, PAUL, succeeded his father, the late distinguished Charles 
 Anderson Dana, as Editor of the New Yoi-k »S'»//, and President of the 
 Sun I'rintiug and Publishing .Vssociation. He liad previously been 
 for many years a Park Connnissioner of New Ycn-k City, and was 
 President of the Board of Park Commissioners. He was also long 
 an editorial writer on the aS'hh. He was born in this city in 1852. aud 
 was educated at Harvard. He married Mary Duncan. He is a mem- 
 ber of the 8ons of the American IJevolutioii, and of the Kacipiet, Uni- 
 versity, Harvard, TJockaway Hunting, and Westminster Kennel clubs. 
 
 GILDEE, BICHAED WATSON, poet, and editor of the Ccii/nni 
 Ma</a.ziiic, has been actively connected with many ]>ul)lic interests. 
 He was Secretary of the Art and Exhibition Committee of the New 
 York Centennial celebration in 1SS!»; Secretary of the Washington 
 Memorial Arch Committee; a mend>er of the New York General Com- 
 mittee on the World's Fair; the tirst President of the Kindergarten 
 Association of this city, and is a member of the General Committee 
 of the Peo]de's ^Municipal League of New York. He has long main- 
 tained a dei)artment in the ('ciifttri/ in which public questions are 
 discussed, his position being similar to that sustained editorially in 
 Tfarper's Wcclli/ and the New York EnniiKj I'osL A member of many 
 clubs, he has been President of the l<\'llowcraft Club, and assisted 
 in founding the Society of American Artists, the American Copyright 
 League, the Free Art League, and the Authors" Club. He has pub- 
 lished three volumes of poems, which apjieared in a new edition in 
 1887 under the titles, " The New Day,"' " The Celestial Passion," and 
 " Lyrics."" Born at Bordentown, N. J., February 8, 1844, he is the 
 son of Rev. W. H. Gilder, a ilethodist clergyman, who also edited 
 the Philadelphia Repositorf/ aud the Litcrarii Nef/isfcr, and grandson 
 of John Gilder, a well-known Philadelpliinn who served in the Penn- 
 sylvania Legislature and as Chairman of the Building Committee of 
 
342 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Girai'd College. From the age of twelve Mr. Gilder dabbled in news- 
 paper work. In 18(33 he participated in the eniergencv campaign to 
 repel the Confederate invaders of Pennsylvania. Having entered 
 the study of laAv in Philadelphia, his father's death, iu 1864, led 
 him to accept the position of Paymaster on the Camden and Amboy 
 Eailroad. Later he engaged Avith the Newark Adrertincr, and rose 
 from Keporter to ilanaging Editor. He subsequently attempted to 
 launch the Newark Moniiiif/ I'lfiist) r, a daily, which eventually came 
 to grief. But he had meanwhile taken on as a side issue the editor- 
 shi]) of Hours at Ihiiiir, a little monthly published by the Scribuers, and 
 with such success that when tliis magazine was displaced by the 
 original ^Scribiirr'.s Monthli/, with the late Dr. J. G. Holland as Editor- 
 in-chief, Mr. Gilder was associated with him as Managing Editor. 
 Upon the death of Dr. Holland, in 1881, eleven years later, he became 
 his successor, and has continued under the change of ownership and 
 change of name to the Ventunj. 
 
 WAEKER, CHAKLES DUDLEY, the well-known author, since 
 1884: has been one of the editors of Harper's Magazine. He was born 
 in Plainfield, Mass., 8eptember 12, 1829, and was graduated from 
 Hamilton College in 1851. In 1853 he was a member of a surveying 
 party on the Missouri frontier. He was graduated from the law 
 dei)artmeut of the University of Pennsylvania, in 1850, and for four 
 years thereafter practiced law iu Chicago. He became assistant edi- 
 tor of the Hartford (Conn.) Press in 1800, was editor from 1801 to 
 18(17. when it was consolidated with the Coiirant, when he became co- 
 editor. He has traveled extensively. He has written and lectured 
 on prison reform, university extension, and other social topics, 
 while his more purely literary works include " My Summer in a Gar- 
 den " (1870). " Backlog Studies " (1872), " My Winter on the Nile " 
 (1870), " Being a Boy " (1877), " Captain John"Smith " (1881). " Wash- 
 ington Irving" (1881). "Their Pilgrimage" (1880), "Studies in the 
 South and West " (1889), " A Little Journey in the W'orld " (1890), 
 and " Our Italy " (1891). " The Gilded Age " (1873) was written in 
 collaboration with Samuel L. Clemens. He has received honorary 
 degrees from Harvard and Dartmouth. 
 
 WHITE, RICHABD GRANT, is best known for his annotated edi- 
 tion of Shakespeare's plays, which m.aj be pronounced a classic of 
 its kind. He also published volumes on foreign travel, on the Eng- 
 lish langiuige, and presenting an anthology of the poetiw of the Civil 
 War. Born in New York City May 22, 1821, and graduated from the 
 University of the City of New York, he was intended for the church, 
 but eventually studied medicine, then studied law, and having been 
 admitted to the bar in 1845, finally turned to literature. In 1845 he 
 became art critic on the staff of the New York Courier. He was one 
 
F.NCYCLOPF.DIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 343 
 
 of the fouuders of the New York World in ISdd. Chief of the United 
 States Keveuue Maiine Bureau for tiie District of New York from 1S5S 
 to 1878, lie ali^o ]Mirsue(l liis literary avocations during this jteriod, 
 especially devoting himself to his edition of tlie ji'reat poet. Under 
 the pen-name of " A Yankee,' he also contributed weekly letters toi 
 the London ^prctcifor durin*;' the Civil War. Stanford \Yhite, w<dl- 
 known architect of this city, is his son. He was himself the son of 
 Kichard Mansfield White, sliii)i)ini; merchant, id" New Y'ork City; was 
 the liiandson of Rev. Calvin Wldte, Ikcctoi- of Sr. -Tames' Parish ( Epis- 
 copal), of Derby, Conn., and descended from .Tohn White, who came 
 over in the shiji Lion in 1632, settled at Canibiidiic, Mass., and in 1630 
 became one of the founders of TTartford, Conn., uiidi^r l{ev. Thomas 
 Hooker. 
 
 WHITE, STANFOriD, one of the most prominent architects of 
 NeAV Y'orlc City, is also an oflicer of a number of corporations. He 
 is President of the United Indusfrial Company, N'ice-President of the 
 Madison Square Garden Comi)any, 
 Vice-President of the IJoanoke Kapi<ls 
 Power Company, Treasurer of the Self- 
 threadinji' Sewini;- Machine Company, 
 and a director of the (Jarden City 
 Company. Since 1881 he has been a 
 member of the notable architectural 
 firm of 3IcKim, ilead & White, of this 
 city. He was the architect of ^ladison 
 Square Garden, Washinjiton Memorial 
 Arch, and the buildiniis of the Metro- 
 politan and Century clubs, the Uni- 
 Tersitj^ of New Y'ork, and the Univer- 
 sity of Virjiinia, together with the 
 Villard house on ]\Iadison Avenue, 
 now owned by Whitelaw lieid. He is 
 also an artistic interior decorator, 
 the Metropolitan and Players' clubs. 
 
 fTANFUKll WIIITK. 
 
 the Yillard house, the Church of 
 
 the Ascension and the altars of the Church of the Paulist Fathers 
 affordiuii- examples of his work. He desii^iied the anddtectural fea- 
 tures for such sculptures by Augustus St. Gaudens as the Adams 
 tomb in Washin.inton and the pedestals of the I'arraiiut statue in 
 New Y'ork, the Chapin statue at Sprinjitield, Mass., and the Lin- 
 coln and Logan statues at Chicago. The son of the late Richard 
 Grant White, the distinguished Shakespearian editor, critic, and au- 
 thor, :\rr. White was born in this city November 9, 1853, was in- 
 structed in private schools and under tutors, was graduated from 
 the Universitv of New York, studied architecture under Charles D. 
 
344 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Gambrill and H. II. Ivleliardson, being chief assistant in tlie constrnc- 
 tion of Trinity Cluu'ch, Boston, Kichardson's greatest worlc, and stud- 
 ied and traveled in Europe from 1S7S to ISSO. He is a member of the 
 Union, Metropolitan, Century, City, University, Eiding, Grolier, 
 Racquet, Players', Lambs, Kismet, Meadowbrook, Adirondack League, 
 and New York Yacht clubs, and the Institute of Architects. Ho 
 married in 1884 Bessie Smitli, a descendant of Colonel Eichard 
 Smith, original patentee of vSmithtown, L. I., and of General Xathaniel 
 Woodhull, of the Eevolution, and has a sou — Lawrence Grant AVhite. 
 
 SCEIBXEE, CHAELES, present head of the notable publishing 
 house of Charles Scribner's Sons, was born in this city, and in 1875 
 was graduated from Princeton College. He is a trustee of the Bowery 
 Savings Bank and the State Trust Company, and is a director of the 
 National Park Bank. He is a member of the Union, Union League, 
 Centurj', University, Princeton, Aldine, and Morristown clubs. He 
 married Louise Flagg. 
 
 APPLETON, ^VILLIAM IIENEY, the venerable head of D. Apple- 
 ton & Company, although long since retired from active pai-ticipation 
 in its management, is a director of the Central Trust Company, and 
 a trustee of the New York Life Insurance Company and the New 
 York Security and Trust Company. He founded the Apploton Church 
 Home at Macon, Ga., for the orphans of the South. The eldest son of 
 Daniel Appletou, founder of the publishing house, he was actively as- 
 sociated with his father from the inception of the enteiiirise. The ex- 
 periment of importing English books in connection with his drygoods 
 business was first made by his father in 1825, and in 1830 he was 
 placed in charge of the modest book department. In 1835, when the 
 book trade was followed exclusively, he visited London and made 
 advantageous arrangements with the publishing houses of Long- 
 mans and John !Murra3^ He also studied the book trade for three 
 months in Germany. In 1836 he visited London again and established 
 a permanent agency, publishing several religious books while there. 
 In 1838 he became his father's partner. From his father's retirement 
 in 1818 to his own retirement in 1891 he remained the active head 
 of the great establishment. Some of the more important enterprises 
 of the house during this period were the establishment of its printing 
 office and bindery on Franklin Street in 1853, and its removal to 
 Brooklyn in 1853; the publication of the "American CyclopiTedia" from 
 1857 to 1863, and of tlie revised edition from 1873 to 1876; the " An- 
 nual Cyclopanlia," with its yearly volume, since 1861, and the estab- 
 lishment of Popular Science Monthly. 
 
 APPLETON, DANIEL, Colonel of the Seventh Eegiment, N. G. 
 N. Y., is a prominent member of the well-known publishing firm of 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 345 
 
 D. Appletoii & Coiupauy, aud is a director of the Americau Boole Com- 
 pany and A. J. Jolinson Company. He is a member of the Union, 
 Century, liidiuii-, Aldine, New Yorli Yacht, and other clubs. Born 
 in this city, February 24, 1S52, he is the son of the late John A. Apple- 
 ton, who was long a member of the famous publishing house, being 
 the second son of its founder, the original Daniel Appleton. He 
 attended the public schools and completed his education in Germany, 
 returning at the age of nineteen to enter the employ- of the firm. 
 Since 1S71 he has been a member of the firm, and has long been man- 
 ager of its tinances. Three of his great-graudfathers were Kevolution- 
 ary soldiers, and his two grandfathers commissioned officers in the 
 ^A'ar of 1812. In his school days he was a member of the Boston Cadet 
 Corps, and went into camp with it for live seasons. The Urauge Kiot 
 of 1871 led him to join the militia. Entering the Seventh Regiment, 
 he rose from the ranks through the grades of Corporal, Sergeant, and 
 First Sergeant, becoming Second Lieutenant May 23, 1870, Captain 
 January 13, 1879, when he recruited Company F from thirty- five to 
 one hundred and three men, aud Colonel of the regiment to succeed 
 (ieneral Emmons Clark, July 19, 1889. He helped to garrison the old 
 armory over Tompkins Market duiiug the railroad riots of 1877, and 
 led his regiment during the more recent street-car strike riot in 
 Brooklyn. He is unmarried. 
 
 AVn^LIAMS, LEWIS ALFBED, is President and Treasurer of the 
 New York History Companj', is President and Treasurer of the 
 L. A. Williams Publishing and Engraving Company, is President 
 of the Century History Company, and is Manager of the American 
 Bailway I'ublishing Company. He is a member of the Ohio So- 
 ciety of the City of New Y'ork. He was born in Bellevue, Ohio, 
 January 22, 1849, and is the son of David Williams and Rebecca, 
 daugliter of Daniel Elliott. His paternal grandfather was David 
 AN'illiams, while his great-grandfather, also David Williams, was a 
 R(Wolutionary soldier. The latter immigrated to America from 
 ^Vales. Mr. AVilliams attended the public schools, and at the age of 
 seventeen taugiit school in Iowa. He returned to Ohio to take charge 
 of the books of a large milling and grain elevator company. He was 
 subsequently cashier and bookkeeper in a banking and milling com- 
 pany. In 1878 he engaged in the publication of county aud city his- 
 t(iries, bringing out histories of Cleveland, Ohio; Seattle, Wash.; Ash- 
 tabula County, Ohio; Cincinnati, Ohio; Ashland County, Ohio; Colum- 
 bus. Oliio; ciiillicothe, Ohio; Louisville, Ky., and Geauga and Lake 
 counties, Ohio. In 1887 he established at Cleveland, in connection 
 with his brother, the Manazinc of M'c^iicni Historij, an historical month- 
 ly. He removed to New Y^ork City and there continued its publi- 
 cation, in 1891 changing the title to the Nalional Maffazhic. After the 
 doatli of :\rrs. iMartha J. Lamb, the Mafjn-hir of American Historif was 
 
346 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 acMiuired and coiisdlidated with I lie \(iH<imil M<iii<i:iiH: A little later 
 the ]»i'()])ertv was sold to Saimici N'ietoi- (Atiistaiit. Mr. Williams 
 believed that wortliy works on local history could be iirotitalily 
 published, witli ihe elimiuatiou of the " coinnun'cial " feature which 
 had hitherto been characteiistic of such works. The feasibility 
 of these ideas was vindicated when he successfully projected and 
 l)ublished General James Grant Wilson's " Memorial History of 
 the City of New V(U'k,"' John IJussell Young's " ^lemorial His- 
 tory of Philadelphia, ■' a "History of the Hcnch and I'ar of New 
 York." edited by Judges Bischoff and McAdam; "Leslie's History 
 of the Greater New York," Seilliamer's " flistory of the Republican 
 Party," and other similar works. He married, in 1870, Jessie, daugh- 
 ter of H. M. t^inclair, of Bellevue, Ohio, b^' whom he had a daughter — 
 Grace. Mrs. Williams died in 1872. He married, in 1870. Elizabeth, 
 daughter of fc^tephen Boalt, of Xorwalk, Ohio, In' wlnun he has two 
 sons — Lewis Alfred, Jr., and Gurth. 
 
 ARKELL, WILLTA]\I J., well-known publisher, Avas born in 
 ( "anaj(diarie, Jlontgomery Goinity, X. Y., in lS.")(i, and is the son of 
 ex-Senator James ArJcell, A\id('l.\' known as the inventor and success- 
 ful manufacturer of paper tlour sacks. After receiving an academic 
 education, ^Mr. Arkell entered the service of his father in the exten- 
 sive mills at Canajoharie. At the age of nineteen lie nearly lost his 
 life through an explosion, followed by a disastrous fire, in his father's 
 mill. Afer his recovery, in connection with the late Joseph W. 
 Drexel, he purchased the Albany Krviiiiii/ Jdiuiml, one of the most 
 inflneiilial Republican newspapers in the State at the tinu', and con- 
 ducted it with ability ami succ-ss. In 1888 he b<M-anH' the pro))rietor 
 of Jiidfir, the well-known Reiiublican cartoon publication, which was 
 then struggling to secure recognition. By attaching to his staff the 
 noted cartoonists, Bernard Gillam and Eugene Zimmerman, of Puck, 
 and retaining the services of (Jrant Hamilton, the leading artist then 
 and now of Judge, he brought about him a staff which commanded 
 recognition for .JikJijc as tlic leading colored cartoon paper in the 
 Avorld. In 188!) lie ])urchased LvkI'k'h Wccl-Ii/ from Mrs. Frank Leslie 
 for .^300,000, and gave this pa]K'r a higher reputation tlian it had 
 enjoyed before. More recentlA' Ins company became the oAvner of the 
 old and well-established fannly ])nblication, D(iiii>n:sf>i Mouthlji Min/n- 
 .c///('. Mr. Arkell has retained his residence in Canajoharie, thougli 
 living for the greater part of evei"y week in New York. On the death 
 of Joseph W. Dri'xel. he was selected as executor of Mr. DrexeFs large 
 estate, which he administered with fidelity and success. He has been 
 connected, as a director, with tli(^ Canajoharie Bank and with several 
 banks in New York, with the American Bank Note Company, and 
 
ENCYCLOPEOrA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 347 
 
 various other corporations. He is a ineiiiber of the riiiou Leaj^ue 
 Lotos, the New York Athletic, aucl Press clubs. 
 
 BENNETT, .TAME8 (ioiJDoX, JK., succeeded his father as pro- 
 prietor and nianayei" of tlie New York Hera hi in 1S72, having- been 
 carefully educated and trained in journalism. In 1883 he joined witli 
 John W. Mackay iu the or;j,'anizatiou of tlie Onuuiercial Cable Com- 
 pany, and the laying" of new cables across the Atlantic to England and 
 France. This service has greatly deci-eased the cost of ocean telegTa- 
 phy. An enthusiastic yachtsman, in 18tjtj he raced from Sandy Llook 
 to the Needles, Isle of Wight, his schooner-ya(dit, Henrietta, winning in 
 13 days, 21 hours, 5.5 minutes. In a similar 
 race, from (^ueenstown to New York, in 
 1870, the English yacht, Cambria, defeated 
 his yacht. Dauntless, by the short lead of 
 two hours. He is a member of the Union, 
 Metroi)olitan, and many other clubs, but 
 for years has had his principal residence 
 in Paris, where he superintends tlie col- 
 lection of foreign news, a feature of his 
 paper. He has established Londiui and 
 Paris editions of the Hcrahl, and attracted 
 attention by the publication in the English 
 edition of warnings of stonns telegraphed 
 from the United States. Two of his nota- 
 ble journalistic feats were the sending of 
 Henry M. Stanley to search for Dr. Living- 
 stone in Africa, at the expense of the 
 
 Herald, and the fitting up and dispatch of the Jeannette Polar Explor- 
 ing Expedition. Mr. Bennett was boin in tliis city. M:i\ 10, 1841. 
 
 BENNETT, JAMES GORDON, founder of the New York IhnihJ 
 in 1835, and its Managing Editor as well as proprietor until his 
 death, June 2, 1872, was born at New-mills, Banffshire, Scotland, 
 about 1800. He was educated for the Koman Catholic priesthood at 
 Aberdeen, but a perusal of Franklin's " Autobiography" turned his 
 thoughts toward America. Peaching Halifax in 1811), he gave lessons 
 in French, Si)anish, and bookkeeping for a time, and then removed 
 to Boston, where he worked in a juinting office. In 1822 he reached 
 New i^ork, and for some years worked as reporter and assistant editor 
 on New York newspapers, interspersed with various futile attempts to 
 launch a journal of his own. A series of letters as Washington corre- 
 spondent of the Courier and Enquirer attracted attention, and in 1830 
 he became associate editor of this paper. In 1833 he became City Edi- 
 tor of the Peuusj/lvaniaii at Philadeli)hia. He presently returned to 
 New York, however, and on May 11, 1835, sent forth the first number 
 
 .TAMES GORIlOX BEXNF.TT, JR. 
 
348 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 of the Xew York HcrahU a one-cent daily, from its ori^iinal ottioe in a 
 cellar. Refiisinii a political complexion for his sheet, and denyinji' 
 that he had any hobby to promulgate, he filled the paper with news 
 and gossii) dished up in a si^rightly style. The paper at once became 
 a success, while his enterprise in getting news ahead of his competi- 
 tors enabled the Herald to lead all rivals for many years in point 
 of circulation. He married Henrietta Agnes Crean, in her early days 
 an accomi^lished music teacher, and had two sons and a daughter. 
 One son is his namesake and successor; the other died in early youth. 
 The daughter married Isaac Bell, Jr., and is now a widoAV living 
 abroad with her three children — one son and two daughters. Mrs. 
 Bennett died in Italy, in March, 1873, not quite a year after her hus- 
 band's decease. 
 
 CARLETON, GEORGE W., long a prominent publisher of this city, 
 although since ISSG he has been in retirement from the active manage- 
 ment of the house founded by him, is now an active executive officer 
 of a number of important corporations. lie is President of the ^V'ilcox 
 and Gibbs Sewing Machine Company, and a director of the Equitable 
 Life Assurance Society, and the Fifth Avenue Safe Deposit Company. 
 He is a member of the T'nion League and Lotos clubs, and the Sons 
 of the Revolution. He was born in New York City, January 16, 1S32, 
 and educated at Dr. Hawk's classical seminary at Flushing, L. I. He 
 married Elizabeth H., daughter of Moses G. Baldwin and Elizabeth 
 Bolles, of Newark, N. J., and has two daughters. He is himself the 
 son of Cyrus Carleton, of Alma, Me., and Maria Leonard Arms, of 
 Dceitield, Mass., and is descended from Edward Carleton, of London, 
 who came over in 1639 and settled at Rowley, Mass., which he repre- 
 sented in the General Court. This Edward was lineally descended 
 from one of the Norman invaders of England, Carleton-Baldwin de 
 Carleton, of Cai"leton Hall, near Penrith, Cumberland, England. Mr. 
 Carleton's paternal great-grandfather, Moses Carleton, during the 
 Revolution was a private in the Lexington Alarm Comj^any of minute 
 men, of which his maternal great-grandfather, Noadiah Leonard, was 
 Captain. 
 
 PUTNAM, GEORGE PALMER, in 1810 established in this city the 
 publishing firm of Wiley & Putnam, in 1848 continued the business 
 under his own name. Avhile from I860, when his sons became asso- 
 ciated with him, until his death in 1872, he was head of the firm of 
 G. P. Putnam & Sons. In 1852 he established Pidiiaiu's Macjazlne, 
 which was eventually discontinued through lack of support at that 
 time for a purely literary periodical. He was appointed by President 
 Lincoln, in 1862, Collector of Internal Revenue. In 1837 he had been 
 the organizer of the first copyright association, and subsequently he 
 was one of the earliest advocates of international copyright. He was 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 349 
 
 one of the foimders of the Metropolitan Museum of Art. The devel- 
 opment of wood-engravin;;' was largely due to his encouragement. He 
 published several volumes of which he was the author. In 1840 he 
 nuirried Victorine, daughter of Joseph Haven, a Boston merchant, 
 and granddaughter of Colonel Francis ^lason, who was in command of 
 the ordnance in \Vashingtou's army in 177(1. George Haven, J. IJish- 
 op. and Irving Putnam are their sons. Mr. Putnam was himself the 
 son of Henry Putnam, a lawyer of P>oston. and Catherine Hunt, 
 daughter of General Joseph Palmer, of the litnolution, and descended 
 from John Putnam, who came from England to Salem, Mass.. in IG.Sl. 
 General Israel Putnam, of tlie Ike^'ohition, ^\as a member of the same 
 family. 
 
 PUTNAM. GEORGE HA^'EN, in 1872 succeeded his father, the 
 late George Palmer Putnam, as head of the publishing house of G. P. 
 Putnam's Sons, and since the incorporation of the business, has been 
 its president. He was born in London, England, April 2, 1811, and 
 attended Columbia College and the University of Gottingen, leaving 
 the latter in 18()2 to enlist in the One Hundred and Sixty-seventh 
 New York Volunteers. He served until the close of the war, attaining 
 the rank of Major. In 1866 he was appointed Deputy Collector of In- 
 ternal Eevenue. He has been active in securing international copy- 
 right, and is Secretary of the Publishers' Copyright League. He has 
 also been a prominent champion of Civil-service reform and of Free 
 Trade, and more recently has participated in the work in favor of 
 sound flnance done by the Chamber of Commerce as a member of one 
 of its sub-committees. He is the author of many encyclo])edic and 
 magazine articles, and has published volumes on the copyright ques- 
 tion and aspects of the publishing business. He was oue of the found- 
 ers of the City Club, as he was also of the Reform Club. He is likewise 
 a member of the Century and Authors" clubs, the Savile Club of Lon- 
 don, and the Military Order of the Loyal Legion. 
 
 GREELEY, HORACE, the most famous newspaper editor in the 
 history of the United States (see frontispiece of this volume), was 
 born in Amherst, N. H., February 3, 1811, and died in New York, No- 
 vember 29, 1872. When he was ten years of age his father, Zaccheus 
 Greeley, a small farmer, became bankrupt, and left New Hampshire 
 to escape imprisonment for debt. He settled at Poultney, "S't., where 
 Horace was ai^i^renticed to learn the printer's trade. The latter came 
 to New York City in 1830, and worked for eighteen months as a jour- 
 neyman printer. He then obtained an editorial position on the Morn in;/ 
 Post, a penny sheet, which soon expired. As editor of the Neir Yorker, 
 he saw that journal develop into a success. He next edited the Log- 
 Cahiii, in advocacy of the Presidential canvass of General Harrison. 
 He had carefully hoarded his savings, and, on April 10, 1841, he issued 
 
350 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 the first number uf the New York Tribune. This venture was success- 
 ful from the start, while Greeley eventually made his journal the fore- 
 most in the United States in power to influence public opinion. 
 Elected to Congress in 18-18 to serve three months of an unexpired 
 term, this short term enabled (Ireeley to expose the mileage abuse. 
 lu 1851 he visited Europe, and while at London was Chairman of one 
 of the juries of award at the World's Fair. In 1859 he made an over- 
 laud trip to California, lie deprecated the Civil War, but urj^ed its 
 vigorous prosecution when inaugurated. In May, 18t>7, in the face 
 of threats of personal violence, he signed the bail bond of Jefferson 
 Davis. He opposed the reconstrurtion policy. In 1S72 he was nom- 
 inated for the Presidency by a faction of the Republican party, and 
 was indorsed by the regular Di'UKKi-atic organization, but failed of 
 election. It is believed that this disappoiutiuent liastcued his death. 
 His history of the Civil War, " The American Conflict," is one of the 
 standard authoiities on the subject. He published other works, on 
 slavery, political economy, various reforms, farming, and on his trav- 
 <']s in Europe, together with an autobiographical naiTative. 
 
 ItOBI^s'SOX, SAMUEL ADAMS, after a long career as a successful 
 physician, has distinguished himself in recent years by his practical 
 work in advocacy of sound economics in the United States. He had 
 long been an active Eepublican and a prominent member of the Amer- 
 ican Protective Tariff League, being Chairman oi the Committee on 
 Literature in the latter organization. He had also been a frequent 
 delegate to the American Rankers' Association, and had made a 
 .study of economics, accumulating a large library on the subject. But 
 after the Presidential election of 18!»2, believing a financial crisis to be 
 at hand in the nation, he aliandoned a plan of travel abroad in order 
 to devote his energies to popular educational work in economics. He 
 was active in Washington in 18!)3 in the fight to secure the repeal of 
 tlie bullion clause of the Sherman silver bill. He was also instru- 
 mental in obtaining important amendments to the Wilson tariff bill. 
 In 1894, on the urgent appeal of the Executive Committee of the 
 American Protective Tariff League, he visited, as the representative 
 of this organization, various States and Territories in the West where 
 campaigns were in progress. His efforts in LTtah, where he made many 
 addresses, are believed to have secured the small Republican majority 
 in the convention which framed its constitution as a State. Being 
 present at the National Convention of the League of Republican 
 Clubs at Denver, in June, 1891, he was made a delegate from New 
 York, placed on the Committee on Resolutions, and led the successful 
 fight for a sound money resolution. He subsequently received a vote 
 of thanks from the Protective Tariff League, which was presented to 
 him engraved on silver. He visited twenty-seven States and Territo- 
 ries, informing himself as to the ]iro])aganda in advocacy of Die un- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF XEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 ■A51 
 
 limited coinage of silver at the ratio of sixteen to out. In the sjiring 
 of 1805 he was ursied to pnrsne his work in connection with the New 
 York Chamber of Commerce. lie was elected a member of this bo<ly, 
 made a member of its ir^jiecial Committee ou Sound Financial Legis- 
 lation, and made a member and Corresponding Secretary of this com- 
 mittee's E.xecntive Committee of nine members. In this capacity he 
 visited a large percentage of the imi)ortant cities of the Union, and in 
 every one, with a single exception, succeeded in inaugurating system- 
 atic work in the interest of sound finances. He ^\■as made a delegate 
 from New York to the National Convention of the League of Repub- 
 lican Chilis at Cleveland, Ohio, in 1805; was again a menilier of tlie 
 Committee on l\es(dutions; was a niemlier of its Snli-Conimittee of 
 Nine, and was a member of its Sub-( "(ininiitte<^ of Thn^e. Dniing the 
 two weeks of the debate with Har- 
 vey, author of " Coin's Financial 
 School," which occurred at Chicago 
 in Jnly, 1895, Dr. IJobinson fur- 
 nished arguments to Mr. Ilorr, the 
 sound-money champion, also writ- 
 ing a considerable part of the large 
 volume which subsequently aje 
 peared. From about this time until 
 the close of the Presidential cam- 
 paign of 1896, he concentrated his 
 efforts in educational work in eight 
 States, which he considered there 
 was a bare possibility of carrying 
 for sound money, namely : Califor- 
 nia, Oregon, North Dakota, Indi- 
 ana, Kentucky, West Virginia, 
 Michigan, South Dakota, Ohio, and 
 Nebraska. When IMcKinley and 
 Bryan had been nominated, Ohio 
 
 and Nebraska were dropjied troni tins list, i>\\ the sn]»]>osition tl:at the 
 nominees would carry their respective States. Literature was sent 
 to the editors, doctors, jiostmasters, teachers and olticers of labor or- 
 ganizations, granges, and farmers' alliances in all these States, this 
 educational work being accomplisjied, so far as possible, before the 
 heat of a political camjiaign had set it. When the precinct poll-lists 
 could be obtained, literature was sent to the voters. The commercial 
 lists of Rradstreet and Dun, for towns of 5,000 or less, were utilized in a 
 similar way. McKinley carried seven of the eight States thus can- 
 vassed. His entire plurality in six of them was but 38,921, however, 
 and since the carrying of these States by Bryan would have elected 
 the latter, and, since each vote changed would have c(ninted as two, 
 a change of 19,467 votes in the States thus canvassed might have 
 
 S.^.MLkl. Al>AMS KCllilNSOX. 
 
352 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 elected Bryau. Dr. IJubiiisou has contiuueil educational work aloug 
 these lines since the caiiipaii;n of 1896 as Chairman of the Committee 
 ou Finance of the New York Board of Trade and Transportation. As 
 a delegate from this body to the National Monetary Convention, in 
 January, 1898, he read a notable paper on " The True Source of the 
 Demand for a Gold Standard and a Sound CuiTency.'' A delegate to 
 the last convention of the Xatif)nal Board of Trade, he was appointed 
 for the cuiTent year Chairman of its Committee on Public Health and 
 n. member of the committees on Finance and on Merchant Marine. In 
 the last-mentioned committee he defeated the attempt to secure an in- 
 dorsement of tht^Hanna-Payne ship subsidy bill. His subsequent scath- 
 ing criticisms of this measure, published in the organ of the American 
 Protective Tariff League, and in the Congressional Record, as incoiijo- 
 rated in the speech of a member, are credited with having defeated this 
 bill in the last Congress. Dr. Bobinson was born in Franklin, Pa., and 
 is the son of Rev. John Robinson, D.D.. and Hannah Walker Adams 
 Plumer. His grandparents, Jolin and Rosanna Robinson, of Scotch 
 antecedents, removed from Ulster, Ireland, to Virginia. Dr. Robin- 
 son also descends from Henry .Vdams, of Braintree, Mass., in 1636, 
 the common ancesttir of Samuel Adams of the Revolution, President 
 John Adams, and President John Quincy Adams. Through his grand- 
 father. Major Samuel Plumer, and his great-grandfather. Captain 
 Nathaniel I'himer, a Revolutionary officer, he also descends from 
 Francis Plumer, who came to New England from England in 1633. 
 Educated by his father, at sixteen years of age Dr. Robinson began 
 the study of medicine, and was graduated at Cleveland, Ohio, at the 
 end of a four years' course. For six years he pursued professional 
 studies in New York, London, Paris, Berlin, and ^'ienna. Residing 
 on Staten Island, his practice extended to New Y'ork and Brooklyn, 
 while he received patients from all parts of the Union. Trustee of a 
 banking institution and Chairman of its Finance Committee, for many 
 years he was a director of one of the largest insurance companies of 
 New Y'ork, and Chairman of its Investment Committee. One of the 
 founders and original trustees of St. Austin's School, Staten Island, 
 he was also its Prcsidt-nt until he recently resigned. He is President 
 of the Kill von Kull Workingmen's Club and Institute, of West New 
 Brighton, S. I., his predecessor in this office having been the late Hon. 
 Erastus Brooks. He is a director of the Staten Island Chamber of 
 Commerce, and was one of the founders of the Civic Federation of 
 America, of Avhich he is Treasurer. He is a member of the New Y''ork 
 Chamber of Commerce, the New York Board of Trade and Transporta- 
 tion, the American Economic Association, the American Protective 
 Tariff League, the Republican and Pal Ha clubs of New York, the Na- 
 tional Municipal League and I'lanklin Institute of Philadelphia, and 
 the Home Market Club of PxisTon. As a Mason he is a life member of 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 353 
 
 Crescent Lo(l<j,e, Palestine Comuiauden"; is a lueiiiber of the four Scot- 
 tisli Rite bodies, and of Tvriaii ( 'hajilcr and Merea Temple, New York 
 City. 
 
 TILDEX, SAMUEL JONES, attended Yale College and the Univer- 
 sity of the City of New York, and iu 1841 \\as admitted to the New 
 Y'ork bar. For thirty years he was engaged in the active practice of 
 his profession, and was one of the recognized leaders of the bar. He 
 was a specialist in municipal law, and was i)roticient iu conveyancing, 
 r'rom 1S5S to 1875 he was counsel for many railroad corporations. For 
 a time he was corporation attorney for the City of New Y(U-k. He was 
 a member of the New York Assembly in 1845 and 184(1, and was a mem- 
 ber of the Constitutional Convention of 184G. During the Civil War 
 he was fre(iuently consulted by Secretary of ^^'ar Stanton and Gover- 
 nor Horatio Seymour. He was one of the founders of the Association 
 of the Bar of the City of New Y'ork in 1870 to clear the legal profession 
 from the imputation of indifference in the presence of the corruption 
 of the judiciary under the Tweed influences. His is by far the most 
 prominent tigure in the movement resulting in the overthrow of the 
 Tweed ring, the successful issue being principally due to his remark- 
 able genius for political organization. In 1871 he accepted election 
 to the New Y'ork Assembly for the purpose of caiTying through the 
 impeachment of Judges Barnard, Cardozo, and ^IcCunn. He became 
 Chairman of the State Democratic Committee. In 1874 he was elected 
 Governor of New Y'ork, defeating John A. Dix by a majority of 50,000. 
 As Governor he overthrew the Canal ring, exjiosing the scandals con- 
 nected witli canal management, and directing the prosecution of 
 guilty parties. He was the Democratic nominee for President in 1870, 
 and received a large popular majority over Rutherford B. Hayes. 
 Both sides claimed a majority of the electoral vote, and the election 
 was long in doubt. The extra-constitutional electoral commission, 
 which finally decided the matter, gave Mr. Hayes 185 electoral votes 
 and Mr. Tildeu 184. By his will, Mr. Tilden left several million dollars 
 for tlie establishment of a public library in New Y'ork City, but this 
 project was defeated, as originally intended, by a successful contest 
 of the will. Through the generosity of one of the heirs, however, about 
 a nullion d<dlars was released for the pur]>ose intended. This has been 
 united with the Astor and Lenox endowments to establish the new 
 Public Librai-y of the City of New Y'ork. Mr. Tilden was born in New 
 Lebanon, N. Y'., February 9, 1814, and died at his country residence, 
 Oreystone, ^^'estcbester County, N. Y'., August 4, 1886. His father, 
 Elam Tilden, was a farmer. He descended from Nathaniel Tilden, 
 who settled in Scituate, Mass., in 1G34. 
 
 CORNELL, ALONZO B., Governor of New York from January 1, 
 1880, to January 1, 1883, has been actively connected with the develop- 
 
354 HISTORY OU THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 inciit (if telegraphic eorjioi-atioiis iu tliis country. He is now a director 
 of the Western Union Telegraph Company, and N'ice-Pre.sident of the 
 American Kailwav Electric Light Company. He was formerly Presi- 
 dent of the ^Vestern Union Telesirajdi Company, in the service of 
 which he rose through the grades of operator, superintendent, director, 
 and vice-president. Born in Ithaca, N. Y., January 22, 1832, the son 
 of the late Ezra Cornell, founder of Cornell University, having re- 
 ceived an academic education, he learned telegraphy at Troy, X. Y., 
 and assisted the late Professor Morse in biiilding the first telegraph 
 line. In 1854 he became active in forming the Western Union, being 
 a director of the original companies which were consolidated in its 
 organization. He lias been a directoi" of the Westei'n Union con- 
 tinuously to tlie present time, as well as its Vice-President and Presi- 
 dent tor terms of years. He was appointed by President Crant in 
 1869 Surveyor of Customs for the port of Xew York, and declined his 
 nomination by the same the next year as First Assistant Treasurer at 
 New York, preferring to retain the other position. Elected to the Xew 
 York Assembly of 1872, he was unanimously made Speaker by the 
 Pepublicans, who controlled tlie lIous<'. Declining re-election, he re- 
 sumed as an ohicer of the Western Union. In 187G President Grant 
 ai)pointed him Xaval Otttcer of Customs at this port, and this office 
 he held until duly, 1878, when he was suspended by President Hayes, 
 as was Chester A. .Vrtliur as Collector of the Port, in the factional 
 tight then in progress. 'Sir. Cornell received his vindication in his 
 nomination and election as Governor of New York in the fall of 1879, 
 as did Mr. Arthur in his nomination and election as Vice-President 
 the following year. Mr. ( 'ornell was one of the best governors in the 
 history of the State, but his renomination in 1882 was prevented by 
 the politicians of his party, whose ire he had aroused by the resolute 
 exercise of the veto of obnoxious legislation. The people approved, 
 however, and elected as his successor (irover Cleveland, who had dis- 
 tinguished himself as the " veto " Mayor of Buffalo. The amendment 
 to the usury laws brought about by Governor Cornell in 1882 " has 
 proved to be a financial measure of the highest importance, and one 
 which has gone further towai-d making New York City one of the 
 chief monetary centers of the world than any other legislative act." 
 
 :\IILLER. WAKNEK. United States Senator fnmi New York in 
 lS,s2 and several years following, and the pioneer in the manufacture 
 of paper from wood ])ul]), is interested in various corporations. He is 
 President of tlie llerkiniei- Paper Com])any. Secretary of the Hudson 
 Piver I'ulp and Pajier Comi»any. and a director of the Standard Na- 
 tional Bank. I lie Traders' ITre Insurance Company, and the luterna- 
 rioiial North and South American Transportation and Express Com- 
 ]iany. He actively interested liimself in the ]iroject of a shi]i canal 
 across the Isiliniiis of Panama, ami for some vears was President of 
 
EXCYCLOPKDI A OF XEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 355 
 
 The Nic:u;i,mia ("iiiinl ('oiistruclion ('(iiiiiiMii.v. Tlie inventor of ma- 
 chines to maniifactnre wood pulp, these were not at first reiiai-(h'(l 
 with favor by pa]»erniakers. but eventually became indispensable. As 
 a result of this invi^ntion the paper used by newspapers lias ])eeu re- 
 duced in cost from fifteen to three and a half cents a pound. From 
 his own mills at Ilerkiuier he rapidly accumulated a fortune. He 
 was born in ()swei;() Couuty. Xew York, August 12. 1S:>S. of (ier- 
 man descent, his grandfather having been a colonel in the Kevolution. 
 In 1860 he was graduated from Union College, and when the war be- 
 gan enlisted in the Mfth X(^w York Cavalry. He was ])romoted To 
 Lieutenant, and having been cai^tTired in the Battle of Winchester, 
 and paroled on the field, was honorably discharged. He was a Mem- 
 ber of the Assendjiy of l.'^"."). and was elected to the itlTli and 4TTh 
 Congresses. Upon The resignaTion nt' SenaTors Itoscoe Conkling and 
 Thomas C. I'laTt to embarrass I'residenT Carrteld, he was elecTed To 
 the UniTed STaTes ^?enaTe in place of .Mr. I'laTT. He was The Kepublican 
 candidate for (Jovernor of New Y(U'k in ISSS. and was defcaTcd h\ 
 lioliTical enemies in his own jiaiiy. 
 
 BLIS8, COKNKLI US Ni:\VT()X, SecreTary of The Interioi 
 
 n The 
 id of The di-vgdods connnissiou 
 
 f <<*. 
 
 Cabinet of Presidi^uT ]McKinley, is 
 firm of Bliss, Uabyan c^ (^"ompany, 
 of This city, and has been promi- 
 nently connected with many finan- 
 cial and other institutions. He is 
 a trTistee of the Central Trust Com- 
 liany, a dir(^ctor of the I'ourth Na- 
 tional Bank, The EquiTable Life As- 
 surance Company, and the Home 
 Lisurance ( 'om])any, and a governoi 
 of Tile New York HospiTal. AT The 
 Time of bis acceptance of the portfo- 
 lio of the Interior in LSflT. he was 
 also Treasurer of the New Yoik 
 Hos)iital, Vice-President of the 
 Fourth XaTional Bank. Vice-I'resi- 
 deuT (d' The Chandler of Commerce, 
 and Chairman of iTs Executive 
 ConnniTTee. Vice-I*residenT of The 
 
 Union League Club, and rreshlenT of The New Fnglan<l Society. 
 He was Treasurer of the Eepublican National Committee in 1S1>2, 
 and again in 1890. In addition to the organizations named, he is like- 
 wise a member of the I^nion, iletropoliTan, lliding. Players', Lotos, 
 MerchauTs', Lawyers', and Bepublican clubs, and the Dunlap Society. 
 He married, in i8r>9, ElizabeTh, daughTer of Hon. Avery Plumer, of 
 BosTou, and has livim; a daughTer and a. son, Cornelius Bliss, Jr. Born 
 
 COKNELIUS NEWTON BLI.SS. 
 
356 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 in Fall Kiver, Mass., Jamiarj 20, 1833, Mr. Bliss is the son of Asaliel 
 N. Bliss and Irene B. Luther, and descends from Thomas Bliss, who 
 came fmm Devonshire, lOnyland, about 1(!35 and resided at Braintree, 
 Mass., and Hartford, Conn. His father having died when he was an 
 infant, Mr. Bliss removed to New Orleans with his mother and step- 
 father, Edward i^. Keep, attended the New Orleans High School, 
 spent a \ear in the counting-room of his stepfather, and then entered 
 the employ of James M. Beebe & Company, drygoods commission 
 meichanis of Boston. In lS(J(i he became a member of the Boston 
 firm of John S. and Eben Wright & Company, and soon after removed 
 to New York to establish a branch house. The style of this firm even- 
 timlly became Wriglit, Bliss & Fabyan, and subsequently, as at pres- 
 ent, Bliss, Fabyan & Company. 
 
 JESUP, MORRIS KETCHUM, philauthropisr and public-spirited 
 citizen of New York City, was long engaged in mercantile life in 
 this city. Between the ages of thirteen and twenty-three he was in 
 the sen'ice of the mercantile firm of Rogers, Ketchnm cS: (irosvenor; 
 from 1852 to 1856 was a member of the firm of ( "lark & Jesiip, and in 
 the latter year organized the firm of il. K. Jesup e^- ( 'ompany, which in 
 1883 was changed to Jesup, Baton & Com])any. This firm was subse- 
 i|U('iitly succeeded by Cuyler, Morgan 6c Company, of which Mr. C. C. 
 Cuyler, ^fr. Jesup's nephew, is the head. Mr. Jesup is a director of 
 the Central Railroad of South Carolina. He was one of the founders 
 of the Young jNIen's ( 'liristian Association of this city, for many years 
 was its Ti-esident, and liberally contributed toward the erection of 
 the building of tiie Twenty-third Street Branch. For many years he 
 has been Bresident of the I'ive Points House of Industry. He is also 
 President of the New York City Mission and Tract Society, and is 
 Vice-President of the Evangelical Alliance. He is a director of the 
 Deaf and Dumb Asylum, as he is also of the Hospital Saturday 
 and Sunday Association. In 1881 he built and donated to the City 
 .Alission and Tract Society the De Witt Memorial Churcli. He is a 
 trustee of tlie Union Theological Seminary, and provided for the 
 erection of one of its buildings at the tinu^ of the removal of the insti- 
 tution to its present site. He is Treasurer of the J. F. Slater Fund, 
 for the elevation of the negro race. During the Civil War he was one 
 of the founders of the United States Christian Commission, of which 
 he became Treasurer. For many years lie has been President of the 
 American Museum of Natural History in New York City, of which 
 he was also one of the incori)orators and original trustees. To this 
 institution he presented the Jesup collection of tlie woods of the 
 United States, embracing over four hundred and fifty specimens of 
 native trees. He has been a member of the New York Chamber of 
 Commerce for more than tliirty years, and has been one of its vice- 
 presidents. His successful eidistment of the Chamber of Commerce 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 357 
 
 into action to secure the presei-vatiou of the forests of this State in 
 1884 was cliieHy instrumental in securing tlie enactment of forestry 
 laws and the appointment of a forestry commission two years later. 
 He is the reci])ient of honorary degrees from Williams College and 
 Yale University. ^Ir. Jesnp was born in Westport, Fairtield County, 
 Conn., June 21, 1830, his family having l)een established there for 
 many generations. He is the son of Charles Jesup and Abby, daughter 
 of Samuel B. Sherwood, a graduate of Yale, and lawyer of distinction, 
 who served in Congress two terms, from 1817 to 1821. Mr. Jesup's 
 father was originally a merchant of Westport, but later became a 
 member of a large mercantile firm of New Y'ork City. He died at the 
 age of forty-two. Both the .Tesui> and Sherwood families are of old 
 Puritan stock. 
 
 BB()\VN, VEBNON IIOWLANL), is a native of Boston, Mass., and 
 is of old New England stock, the son of the late Vernon Brown and 
 Susan Howland Atkins Xasli. Having been educated at Chauncey 
 Hall, Boston, he received Ins early business training witli tlie firm 
 of Sanipsdii & l''a])pen, ])roniinent IJoston shipown(M-s and merchants 
 in the India and China trade. Subsei|uciilly he entered the shipping 
 business in partnershij) with ids faliier, under the style of Vernon 
 Brown & Son. In 18(11 he came to New York and established the 
 house of Vernon II. Brown i<: Comi>nny. He has been prominent in 
 shi])ping circles for many yeai-s, and since 1880 has been American 
 agent of the (Ainard Steamship Company. He has for many years 
 served on the Harbor and Iliver Committee of the New Yoi-k ( 'hamber 
 of Commerce. By a]>]>ointment of ^layor ( Jrace he served as one of 
 the Commissioners for building the famous Washington Bridge in the 
 northern section of the city. He is a trustee of the Seamen's Bank for 
 Savings, the Colonial Trust Company, and the Atlantic ^[utual Insur- 
 aiu-e Company, and a director of the Hanover National Bank, the 
 Panama Railroad Company, the Eastern Insurance Company of New 
 York, and the Northern Insurance Company of New York. He is a 
 member of the Cnion, Citj, and New Y'ork Yacht clubs. 
 
 OELKICHS, HERMAN, has been a member of the firm of Oelrichs 
 i^ Company, of this city, agents of the North German Lloyd Steam- 
 ship Line, since 1875, and has been its executive head and senior 
 member since 1887, when the elder Gustav Schwab retired. For some 
 time ])rior to 189.") he was a member of the Democratic National Com- 
 nuttee. He has refused proposals to make him the Democratic can- 
 didate for Mayor of this city. He is a director of the National Bark 
 Bank ami of the Madison Square (Jarden Company. He is a mem- 
 ber of the Union, Metropolitan, Kaccjuet, Players', Democratic, Law- 
 yers', and New Y'ork Yacht clubs, and the Liederkvanz. He was born 
 in Baltimore, Md., June 8, 1850, attended i)rivate schools, and finished 
 
358 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 bis (■(lucatioii in (Ipriiiaiiy. He iiiiUTicd. in ISUO. Theresa Alice, 
 daniihter of tlie late James G. Fair, one of Tlie fonr owners of the 
 famous bonanza mines, and United States Senator from Nevada, and 
 has a son — Herman Oelriclis. Jr. ^Ir. Odrichs is himself the son 
 of the late Henry Uelrichs and a daughter of Dr. Frederick May, of 
 Washington. The firm of Oelricbs & Company has been in existence 
 for nearly a century, and was formeily i-ecruitcd by members who re- 
 ceived their business training in liremen, (Jermany, before coming to 
 New ^'()rk. ileruian Oeliichs's father came to this country from Bre- 
 men in 1837. Ue was the son of Johann (i(n-hand Oelricbs and 
 ■Catherine Holler, the Oelricbs having been i)rominently identitied 
 with Bremen for many centuries. The head of t he family in 1325 was 
 banislied to Schleswig-llolsteiu through a (liflicully with a burgher, 
 and became established in that duchy. 
 
 WALES, SALEM HOWE, long associated with O. I). Munn in the 
 publication of the tS€if)}iifie Aniericdii, and for twenty-three years its 
 Managing Editor, has been prominent in the public life of New York. 
 In 1855 Governor Seymour appointed him New York State Comuus- 
 sioner to the Paris Exposition, and while abroad he contributed a 
 notable series of letters to the New York Sim. He was Executive 
 Manager of the relief wt)rk of the Christian Commission during the 
 Civil War. and a prominent member of the LTuion League Club, of 
 which he has been Vice-1'resident, and Chairman of the Executive 
 Committee. He was a Presidential Elector in 1872, and a Delegate 
 to the Iiei)ublican National Conventions of 1872 and 187(). Appointed 
 Park Ctimmissioiier by ^hiyor Havemeyer in 1873, he was elected 
 President of the Board. In 1874 he was the Kepublican candidate for 
 Mayor of the city. Acting-Mayor Vance appointed him Dock Com- 
 missioner, and he was elected I'resident of this board also. Park 
 Commissioner again from 1880 to 1885, he was again President of the 
 Department. Governor Dix appointed him a Trustee of the State In- 
 sane Asylum at Middletowu, N. Y. By the Supreme Court he was 
 designated one of the Comnussioners to appraise damages to property 
 through the construction of the Elevated Kailroad. He was a prin- 
 cipal founder of the New York Homeopathic ^ledical College in 18511. 
 and was long its President. He was also a founder of the Hahne- 
 mann Hospital, of which for many years he was President. He like- 
 wise long held the oftice of Treasurer of the ^letropolitan Museum of 
 .Art, having been one of its founders. At the present time he is a 
 mend>er of the Executive Committee of the INfetropcditan Museum of 
 Art. and is a director of the National Bank of America, the Hanover 
 Fire Insurance Companv. the Southamiiton Bank, and the South- 
 ampton Waterworks ('oiiii>any. He was born, October 4, 1825, in 
 Wales, :\[ass., where his father. Ca]itain Oliver Wales, was an ex- 
 tensive woolen manufacturer. The founder (d' the family emigrated 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 359 
 
 fi'Diii England to Boston in l(Jo5. He lias resided in this citv since 
 lS4(i. and has a summer home at t^oiithampton, L. I., where he was 
 associated Avith others in building the Kogers ^lemorial Library. 
 
 TEKKY, .TOTIN TAYLOK. for forty years, from 1843 to 1SS3, was 
 the partner of ex-(iovernor Edwin D. Morgan in tlie wholesah' gro- 
 cery business in this city, and since 18S3 has l»een engaged in tinancial 
 operations. He is A'ice-President of tlie Mercantile Trust Company, 
 and director or trustee of tlie Metrojiolitan Trust Coniiiany. tlie P.ank 
 of New Amsterdam, the American Exdiange Xalional r>anl<, tlie (Com- 
 mercial Uiuou Fire Insnranc(^ Company, the ("orralitos ("oiiipany, the 
 Standard Gas Light ('om])any, tlie ^lanliattan Kailway, the ^^'ester•n 
 Union Telegraph Company, the Southern and Allantic Telegrai>li 
 rom]iany, the International Ocean Telegrajdi Company, the Cold and 
 Stock Telegraph Comiiany, the 
 American Speakiii'j: Telegiajili 
 Com])any, the American Telegrapli 
 and Cable Company, the Texas and 
 I'acific Eailway Company, the Wa- 
 bash TJailroad Coniiiany, and the 
 St. Louis, Iron Mountain and 
 Southern Railway Company. He is 
 interested in several benevolent in- 
 stitutions, including the Presbyte- 
 rian Hospital and New York Insti- 
 tution for the Instruction of the 
 Deaf and Dumb, of both of which 
 he is a director. He was boi'U in 
 Hartford,Conn., Sejitember 0, 1S22, 
 the sou of Hon. Roderick Terry, 
 merchant and bank jiresident of 
 tiartford, and grandson of Judge 
 Eliphalet Terry, Speaker of the 
 T'onnecticut Legislatui'e for thirty- 
 three years, 1778 to 1812. He is lineally descendeil from Samuel Terry, 
 an early settler of Springtield, Mass., and original iiatentee of Enheld, 
 Conn., in 1057, as he is also from (iovernor Bradford, of IMymouth, 
 Governor Haynes of Massachusetts and Connecticut, and Governor 
 Wyllys of Connecticut. He was married in 18-Ki to Elizabeth Hoc 
 Peet.'of Brooklyn. 
 
 .riillN 1. IKKRV. 
 
 I^LIXT, (IIARLES RANLETT, is one of the most eminent mer- 
 chants in the exporting trade with South America, and is an oMcer 
 of a large number of important coriioiations. 1 le lias been very active 
 as a busim^ss organizer. Having gradnale(l from the I>i-ooklyii Poly- 
 technic Institute, in 1871 he eniiagetl in business as a member of the 
 
360 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 fii'iii of Gilchrist, Flint & roiiiiiany. The next year he became one 
 of the founders of the notalilc tirni of W. K. Grace & Company, and 
 was a partner. In 1874 he traveled in ^^outh America. He organized 
 the Export Lumber rompany in 1878, and has been one of its directors 
 since. With his father, the late Benjamin Flint, and his brother, 
 Wallace Benjamin Flint, he oroauized, in 1885, the firm of Flint & 
 Company, which rapidly assumed a leading place in the South Ameri- 
 can trade, ^^ubsequently he effected a consolidation of large expoil- 
 ing interests, forming tlie notable corporation of Flint, Eddy & Com- 
 pany, of which he lias since been a director. In 1892 he organized 
 the United States liubber Company, and is its Treasurer. In addition 
 to the connections mentioned, at the present time he is also Treasurer 
 of the Hastings Pavement Company, a trustee of the State Trust 
 Company, and a director of the ^'ew York Produce Exchange, the 
 National Bank of the Republic, the Knickerbocker Trust Company, 
 the National Surety Company, the linited States Casualty Company, 
 the Mechanical liubber Company, the Audit Company, the Staten 
 Island Electric Eailroad, and the Syracuse Rapid Transit Railway 
 Company. He has enjoyed important official relations with various 
 South American and Central American States. He has been Consul 
 of Chile in New York, Consul of Nicaragua, Consul-General of Costa 
 Rica, and Acting Charge d'Affaires of ("hile in the United States. He 
 was a delegate to the conference of American republics at Washing- 
 ton in 1880-90, and proposed the organization of the bureau of Ameri- 
 can republics. As confidential agent of the United States he nego- 
 tiated the reciprocity treaty with Brazil, which became the basis of 
 treaties with other South American countries and with Spain. 
 Through his agency the mediation of Brazil was ott'ered in the issue 
 between Chile and the United States over the Baltimore incident. 
 In view of the attempt to restore the monarchy in Brazil, he performed 
 a service of vast importance to the republican government of tliat 
 country in securing munitions of war, and procuring Ericsson's de- 
 stroyer, the steamships El Cid and Britannia, converted into the 
 armed cruisers Nictheroy and America, and the fast yachts Feiseen 
 and Javelin, transformed into toi*iJedo-boats. In the recent war with 
 Spain he has performed for the United States a similar service in 
 intliiencing the sale to this country of several Brazilian vessels, in- 
 cluding the Nictheroy. He is a prominent yachtsman, and was ttne 
 of the syndicate that successfully defended the America Cup against 
 the Valkyrie with the Vigilant. His yacht Gracie has been remark- 
 ably successful in winning races. He is also a sportsman, and has 
 hunted in the Rocky Mountains, Canada, and South America. He is 
 one of the Council of the New York University, and is a member 
 of the Union, Metropolitan, Century, Racquet, Riding, Lawyers', New 
 York Y^'acht, Seawanhaka-Corinthian Yacht, Larchmont Yacht, and 
 Southside Sportsmen's clubs, and the St. Stephen's Club, of London. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 361 
 
 He was President of his class in the Polytechnic Institute, and has 
 since been President of the Ahuuni Association of that institution. 
 He married, in 1883, E. Kate, daughter of Joseph F. Simmons, of 
 Troy, K. Y. Mrs. Flint has been a liberal patroness of St. Luke's 
 Hospital. 
 
 STAEIN, JOHN HENKY, is at the licad of an innuense transpor- 
 tation business in Xew York Harbor and vicinity, Avhich is entirely 
 of his own creation. He is an active Eepublicau, and from 1ST(> 
 to 1880 he represented the Twentieth New York District in Con.nress. 
 He has also served upon the Board of Kapid Transit Commissioners 
 for New York City. He has been a member of the New York Cham- 
 ber of Commerce since 1871, is a director of the Liberty National 
 Bank and the New York Ship Building; and Eufjine Company, and 
 is a member of the Union Leaii'ue, New York Yacht, New York Ath- 
 letic. Lawyers', and Adirondack Leaiiue clubs, the Holland Society, 
 the Ddwiitdwn Association, the New England Society, the Union 
 College Alumni, and the Society of Sons of the American Kevolution. 
 He is a, trustee of Union College Succeeding Horatio Seymour in 
 1880 as President of the Saratoga .Monument Association, organized 
 to secure a suital)le monument to maik the tield of the battle of Sara- 
 toga, ^li-. STarin made a generous donation, induced others to do so, 
 and obtained a Congressional appropriation of .f 30,000, thus accom- 
 plisliiiig tlie ]nirpose of the movement. He was born in Sumiiions- 
 vilie, Fullon <'oiinty. N. Y., August 27, 1S2."), and is the son of Myndeit 
 Starin and Rachel, daughter of Major TJionias Suuimons. He lineally 
 descends from Jolianni^s Ster, who emigrated from Holland to the 
 New Netherlands about itllS. Mv. Starin was graduated from T'nion 
 College, studied medicine for some time, l)ut found it uncongenial, 
 and entered his brotlier's drug store. He was Postmaster of Fulton- 
 ville, N. Y., from 1848 to 18.j2. He established a store and nuinufac- 
 tory for medicine and toilet articles in New York City in IS")*;, lint 
 Sf)on abandoned this to execute a project conceived by him for a river 
 and liarbor freight trausi)oi-tation agc^ncy. He is jiroprietor of the 
 hu'gest Individual enterpiise of the kind in the (-(tuntrw. He has 
 fleets of tugboats and prop(dlers, lighters and car-boats, excursion 
 barges and other pleasure boats, wliile lie owns passenger and freight 
 lines plying on the Hudson Kiver and L<ing Island Sound. 
 
 JIACKAY, JOHN W., has developed some of the best known mines 
 in the United States, and since 1883 has been prominently connecte<I 
 with the transatlantic cable service. In 1883-4, in partnership with 
 James Gordon Bennett, of the New York Ilrnihl, he laid two cables 
 across the Atlantic to England and France, respectively. These form 
 the nucleus of the so-called " Commercial " system. At the present 
 time he is President of the Commercial Cable Company, President 
 
362 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 of the Uuited t^tates and llayti Tcleiiiapli aud Cable Company, Presi- 
 dent of the Comniei'cial Cable Buildini; Company, and a director t)f 
 the Postal Telegraph Cable Company. In conjunction with James 
 G. Fair and James C. Flood he founded the Bank of Nevada, with 
 headquarters at f^an Francisco, in 1878. The nomination as Uuited 
 States Senator from Nevada, offered to him with the certainty of elec- 
 tion in 1885, he refused to accept. Born in Dublin, Ireland, November 
 28, 1831, he came to New York City when a boy, and worked for some 
 time in the shipyards of William H. Webb. Tlie gold fever of "-19 car- 
 ried him to ("alifornia, but for many years his success as a prospector 
 was very moderate. -Vbout 18(i0 he left California for Nevada. James 
 C. Flood and William O'Brien, and eventually James G. Fair, became 
 his partners, his oavu share, however, as the active prosjiector aud 
 miner, being double that of any of the others. The first notable suc- 
 cess was obtained with the Hale aud Norcross Mine in 18()(j aud 1867. 
 In 1872 occurred the discovery of the famous " bonanza " mines, the 
 Comstock and Consolidated Virginia and California mines. Mr. 
 Mackay in-rsonally superintended the working of the mines, and from 
 a single one the fabulous sum of .f 1.50,0(10,000 in silver and gold was 
 taken out. Mr. ^lackay married the widow of Dr. Bryant, and has 
 resided much of the time in Paris, where his two sons were educated. 
 His wife's one child by her first husband is now the Princess of Co- 
 lonua-Galatro, having married in 1885 Don Fernando di Colonua, 
 Prince of (Jalatro. One of Mr. Mackay's two sons, John W., Jr., 
 recently died from the effect of a fall while riding. 
 
 HOYT, MAEK. was one of the leading and most active organizers 
 of the United States Leather Company, under a capitalization of 
 1120.000,000. in May. 1893; was one of its incorporators and original 
 directors, was its first A'ice-President, and was the second who held 
 the office of President. occu])yiiig this ](osition at the time of his 
 death, lie was born in Stamford, Conn., ^lay 5, 1835, the youngest 
 in a family of ten children, lie attended schools up to the age of 
 fourteen, and then served five years as an apprentice in ilic i aiming 
 and currying business, in which several of his brothers were engaged. 
 In ^March. 1S51, three of these brothers, Joseph B., William, and Ol- 
 iver Hoyt. f<)unde<l the leather firm of Hoyt Brothers, of New York 
 City. After three years as a clerk, ilark Hoyt was received into this 
 firm. In 18(>8 he witJulrew, and for two years engaged in the broker- 
 age business in New York City, under the style of Mark Hoyt & 
 Company. In 1870 he again entered the firm of Hoyt Brothers, of 
 which he was a member until his death, being its head after the 
 death of Hon. Oliver Hoyt. He was a trustee of Adelphi Academy, 
 Brooklyn; the P>rooklyn ^ruseum of Arts and Sciences. Wesjeynn Uni- 
 versity, at ^liddletown. Conn.; the American University of Washing- 
 ton, D. C. ; and Drew Theolngicil Seininarv at ^ladison. X. J., being 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. IMYA 
 
 alao Treasurer of the last-meutioiicd. \lu was a member of tlic Tul- 
 ton Club, of Is'ew York, and the Uiiiou League Club, of Brooklyn. Dur- 
 ing the Civil War he raised the One Uundred and Seventy-sixth New 
 York Volunteers, and for a time was its Colonel. He married, April 
 19, 1864, Ann Augusta, daughter of the late I'hilo i^Cdlicld. of New 
 York, and Iiad an (Uily son. wlio died inniiairicd. and an oidy (hingli- 
 ter, now residing in New York. 
 
 CLEWS, IIENIJY, at the lu-ad of one of the well-known baidciug 
 tirms of New York City, is also a writer on tinaneial subjects. He 
 was born in England, of an ancient Staffordshire family, his father 
 being a manufacturer for the American market. He accompanied 
 his father on a visit to this country at the age of tifteen, and obtain- 
 ing" permission t« relinquisli tiic 
 jiroposed career as a clergyman of 
 the Church of England for mercan- 
 tile life in New 'S'orlv, b(Mamc a 
 clerk with Wilson (J. Hunt ^: Com- 
 pany, of this city, importers of 
 
 woolen goods. In 1S,5S he became a ^i f^S^ 
 
 member of tlic banking tirm of , ■■ 
 
 Stout, Clews & .Mason, soon after - ^ 
 
 reorganized as Livermore, Clews & 
 Company, under which style it , 
 
 passed through tlie jieriod of the ; 
 
 Civil War. Active and outspoken 
 in support of the Union throughout 
 this struggle, and a zealous cham- 
 pion of the value of the Federal se- ■* 
 curities, ilr. Clews was appointed 
 by the Secretary of the Treasury, 
 
 Salmon P. Chase, agent of the (tov- hknky ci.kws. 
 
 ernment for the sale of its bonds, 
 
 and shared with Jay Cooke the jirincipal credit for the important 
 service of placing the Federal wai- loans. In 1ST7 Ids banking house 
 was reorganized under the style of Henry Clews tV: Company, whicdi 
 it has since retained, ili-. Clews lias been a contributor to tlie 
 North American l'( r'n ir. tlie /•'nriiiii, and other magazines, as well as an 
 editorial contributor to leading news]ia]iers. His volume of financial 
 history and reminiscence, ■• Twenty-eighi 'S'eais in Wall Street," has 
 attracted wide attention, lie was one of the founders of tlie Cuion 
 League Club, and has served as one of its governors. He was ])roiiii- 
 nent in the ovei-tlirow of the Tweed ring. He is a member of the Cnion 
 Club, and foi- many years was Treasurer of the Society for the Pre- 
 vention of Cruelly to Animals, as also of the American Ceograidiical 
 Societv. 
 
364 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 I'MIELIXdIirYSEN, THEODORE, maiuifactuier and Treasurer 
 of the ("oat8 Thread ('oiiiijanv, is the eldest sou of the late Frederick 
 Freliuohuyseu. Attoruey-Geueral of NeAv Jersey, Uuited States 8eu- 
 ntor from that ^^tate, aud Secretary of State iu the Cabiuet of Presi- 
 dent Arthur; is the <;reat-,iiraiidsou of Oeueral L'rederick Freliug- 
 huyseu, of the Kevolutiou, and United States Seuator from New Jer- 
 sey; is the great-jireat-iiraudsou of Kev. Johu Freliu;j,huysen, aud is 
 removed by oue more jicueratiou from Rev. Theodorus Jacobus Fre- 
 liun'huyseu, who was born iu West Frieslaud iu 1(>91, entered the 
 ministry of the Eeformed Dutch Church in his native land, and iu 1720 
 euuj;rated to the colonies to minister to the new settlement on the 
 Karitan River, New Jersey. He is jirauduephew of Brifiadier-rreueral 
 John Freliuiihuyseu, of the War of 1812, as he is also of Theodore Fre- 
 linghuysen, Attoruey-Oeiieral of New Jersey, United States Seuator, 
 ^[ayor of Newark, Chancel loi- of the University of New York, Presi- 
 dent of Rutgers ('ollege, aud Whig candidate for President iu 1844 
 on the ticket with Henry Clay. His mother was IMatilda, daughter 
 of the late George Griswold, a prominent merchant of this city. Mr. 
 l*'relinghuysen was born in 1860. He married Alice, daughter of 
 James Coats, the welbknown thread manufacturer. He is a member 
 of the Union, Metropolit in, Knickerbocker, Merchants', and Country 
 clubs, and the Hope Club of Providence. 
 
 George Griswold Frelinghuyseu, brother of Theodore, is engaged 
 in tile practice of law in New York City, and is a director of the Auto- 
 matic Vending Comitany and of P. Ballantine & Sous. He maiTied 
 Sarah L. Rallautine, aud lias a residence in this city, aud a countiy 
 ]ilace, Whipiiany l^irm, in ^lorristowu, N. J. He is a member of the 
 Metropolitan, Church, Lawyers", ^lorristown, Morris County (Jolf, 
 and Essex County Country clulis, and the iMetroiiolitan Club of ^^'ash- 
 ington. 
 
 Frederick Frelinghuyseu, brother of 'I'lieodove aud (ieorge Gris- 
 wold, is engaged iu the ]iractice of law in New York City, but resides 
 in Newark, N. J. He is Presid( nt of tlie Newark Savings Institution, 
 ami is a director of the Manufacturing Investment Company. He is 
 a member of the T'Tiion, ^Metropolitan, Lawyers", and Essex County 
 ( 'ounl ry clubs. 
 
 .AI( ALI'IN, DAVID IH'NTEK, became a resident of New York City 
 in 18:?(>, learned the business of tobacco nmnufacturing, and estab- 
 lished Ids own business; iu 1857 became a member of the firm of 
 John Cornish & ("ompany, tobacco manufacturers, and subsenueutlv 
 bought out his partneis and recuganized Tlie firm of D. IL McAlpin 
 & Company. He has been its head for about thir-ty years, having 
 been President since the incorixuation of the business under the 
 title of the D. H. McAl])in (\>ni]iany. He is also a trustee of the 
 Union Trust Company, and a dii-ector of the National Rank of the 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 365 
 
 llcimblic. the Eleventh Ward Bank, the (lennan-Anit'iican Kcal Es- 
 tate Title and Guarantee Company, the Standard Gaslight Company, 
 the Home Insurance Company, and the ^lanhattan Life Insurance 
 Company. He is also a director of the Union Theological Seminary, 
 and has been a director of the Kutgers Fire Insurance Company and 
 the First National Bank of Morristown, N. J. He erected Olivet 
 Chai)el in this city in memeory of one of his sons — .Tosei>h Bosc Mc- 
 Alpin — who died iu 1888. Another son, Jolni Kandolph McAlpiu. 
 died iu 1893. having that year graduated frnm I'linceton. By his 
 wife, Adelaide, daughter of Joseph Kose, of an old New York family. 
 Mr. McAlpin has living five sons — Colonel Edwin A., George L.. Dr. 
 David Hunter. Jr.. William Willet. and Charles W.. and two daugh- 
 ters — Mrs. James T<dman I'yle and Mrs. William Kockefeller. Born 
 in Pleasant Valley, X. Y.. November s. ISKJ. Mr. McAlpin is of Scotch- 
 Irish descent, the son of James .McAlpin and Jane Hunter, who came 
 To this country from the north (d' Ireland. 
 
 PABSONS. WrLLIA:\I IIEXKY', early in life was em])loyed in an 
 English shipping house, and later with a firm of paper manufactui'ers 
 and dealers, with whom he remained as a partner for two years. 
 About 1857 he established the firm of W. H. Parsons iK: Company. 
 l>aper merchants, of this city, which has been one of the leading 
 liouses, and in 1S!I1 was incoi](oi';i(ed, principally doing a commis- 
 sion busiiu'ss for a (piarter of a century. In recent years tlit^ firm 
 have been large manufacturers. .Air. Parsons is President of W. H. 
 Parsons »& Company, of Elaine ami New York; is President of tlie Lis- 
 bon Falls Fiber ("om]iany, of Lisbon Falls, ^le.; is President of the 
 Bowdoin Paper 31anufacturing Company, of Brunswick, Me., and is a 
 director of the Pejepscot Paper Company, of Pejepscot, Me. He is 
 President of the Business Adilress Company, of this city; a trustee 
 of the Bowery Savings Bank. I'resideut of the National League for 
 the Protection of American Institutions, President of the Westchester 
 County Bible Society, First Vice-President of the New York Board 
 of Trade and Transportation, a member of the Chamber of Com- 
 merce, a Vice-President of the Advisory Board of the I'hiladelphia 
 Museums, a manager id" the Philadelphia Presbyterian Board of I'ub- 
 licatiou and Sabbath School Work, a ^lanager of the Westchester 
 Temporary Home for Destitute Children, and a member of the Ex- 
 ecutive Committee of the New Y'ork Society for the Prevention of 
 Cruelty to Animals. He is a trustee of the American Y'acht Club, and 
 Chairman of its House Committee, and is a member of the Metro- 
 politan. L^nion League, City, New York Athletic, and Atlantic Yacht 
 clubs. He married, in 1857. Laura C, daughter of John Palmer and 
 granddaughter of Judge Palmer, of the Pennsylvania Supreme Court, 
 and has living a daughter, Mrs. David S. Cowles. and two sons. Will- 
 iam IL. Jr., and Marselis Clarke Parsons. Mrs. Parsons died in 
 
3(36 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 1893. She Avas dessoeuded from Captain ililes Staudish and Gov- 
 eruor William ISiadfoi'd. Mr. Parsons was born on Staten Island, 
 Jnly 7. 1831. and was educated in a private scIkmiI at Kye, N. Y. He 
 was the son of the late Edward Lamb Parsons, merchant, of this city, 
 and is a brother of John Edward Parsons, the eminent New York 
 lawyer. His conntry-seat at Kye, N. Y., was long his lather's home. 
 
 DEXTER, HENRY, fonnder of the American News Company in 
 18G4, lias been its President since that date. He was born in West 
 Cambridge, 31ass., March 11, 1813; was edncated in the public schools; 
 was early employed in publishing houses in Boston and Cambridge, 
 and, connngto New York City when twenty-thr(H- years of age, was for 
 some time employed in the hardware estaldisliment of the Whitte- 
 mores, inventors of the ct)tton card mailing machine. In 1812 he 
 joined an elder brother who had establislied himself as a publisher 
 in this city. Yevy early Mr. Dexter conceived the itroject which was 
 carried out in the organization of the American News Company, 
 but it was not until 1804 that he was in a position to launch the 
 enterprise. He owns a large tract of land in the Adirondacks, where 
 he has his summer residence. He married, in 1853, Lucretia Mai'- 
 quand, daughter of Crrando Perry, of P>oston, and has a daughter and 
 a son, Orrando Perry Dexter, engagetl in the i)ractice of law. Henry 
 Dexter is the son of Jonathan Marsh Dexter and Elizabeth, daughter 
 of Joseph Balch and Abigail Audebert, and a descendant of the 
 Cushing and Palfrey families; is gi-andson of David Dexter and 
 Lydia, daughter of Jonathan ilarsli and Elizabeth Merrill; is great- 
 grandson of Richard Dexter and Rebecca, daughter of David Peabody 
 and Sarali Pope, and is lineally descended from Richard Dexter, who 
 emigrated to Boston from Ireland, where he was born in 1606, being, 
 as it is supposed, a descendant of J>*ichard de Exeter, Chief Justice of 
 Ireland in 1307. 
 
 FLOWER, ROSWELL PETTIBONE, Governor of the State of New 
 York from January 1, 1893, to January 1, 1895, lias long been a promi- 
 iH'Ut financier of tliis city. He was born in Jefferson ('ounty, New 
 York, August 7, 1835; was educated in the public schools; taught 
 scliool; engaged in business; was Assistant Postmaster of Water- 
 town, and establislied himself as a jeweler. Becoming, in 1869, execu- 
 tor of the estate of his brother-in-law, the late Henry Keep, of this 
 city, he removed to New York. The value of the Keep estate quad- 
 rupled in his hands. In 1871 he joined the banking and brokerage 
 firm of Benedict ..V: Company, of wliicli Elias Cornelius Benedict 
 was head, the style becoming Benedict, I'lower & Company. In 1875 
 he severed this connection, estnl)lisliing the firm of R. P. Flower & 
 Connianv, the style of which, since 1890, has been Flower & Com- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF XEW YORK BIOGR.VPHY. 3G7 
 
 paiiy. At the present time lie is ;i liuslcc ainl lloiioiaiy N'icel'resi- 
 deut of the Colonial Trust Company, a trustee of tlie Metv((]>(>lilaii 
 Trust Comjiany, and a director of the Corn Excliantie ISanlc, the 
 National Surety Company, tlie United States Casualty C(>m])any, the 
 People's Gas Lif^lit and Coki- Company, the Cliicjino i;as cdniiianies, 
 and the Chioaiio, Rock Island and I'acitic Railroad Company. A life- 
 lont!,- Democrat, he defeated William Waldorf Astor for Conjiress in 
 the Eleventh New York District in ISSI. The following; ycai- lie dc- 
 cliued to become Democratic candidate for (!o\-eruor in favor of 
 Grover Cleveland. He declined a renonnmilion for Coniiress in 1883, 
 and refused to accept his nomination as Lieutenant-Governor in 1885. 
 In 1888, however, he was a^ain elected to Congress, the same year 
 having' been Delegate-at-Large to the Democratic National Conven- 
 tion. In the fall of 1892 he was elected Governor of the State. The 
 same year he was prominently mentioned for the Democratic Presi- 
 dential nomination. Foi- many years he has set aside one-tenth of 
 his income for benevolence. He built the flower Sui'gical Hospital 
 in this city, as wt 11 as the St. Thomas House 
 for work among the poor. As a memorial to 
 his parents he erected the Piesbyteviaii 
 church at Thert^sa, X. Y. In conjunction w\V.\ 
 his brother, Anson II. Flower, of this city, he 
 erected Trinity Episcoisal ("Innch at Water- 
 town, X. Y. The Republican Legislature, in 
 18!>:',, reimbursed him in the stim of 8-'10,0()(t 
 for liis ])urchase of ITre Island as a State 
 (juarantine station, in an emergency when 
 there were no public funds available for the 
 purpose. He married, in 1851), Sarali il , 
 daughter of X'orris M. Woodruff, of X'ew Hart- 
 ford, (Ninn., and has living a daughter, :Mrs. roswell p. flower. 
 •lolin n. Taxlor, of Watertown, N. Y., a son 
 
 and a datighter having died. He is the son <d" Nathan ^1. Lhtwer, for 
 fourteen yeais a Justice of th<' Peace, and ^Nfaiy Ann, danghter ol 
 Thomas Boyle, builder of the first wateiwotks in New ^'ork City, and 
 is descended from Lamrock Flower, who was born in Ireland in KitiO, 
 and settled in Hartford, Conn., in l(i8r>. 
 
 DE:\IIN(}, henry champion, is Vice-President of the Mercan- 
 tile Trust ('ompany, having for several years been its Secretary prior 
 to his election to his present position, and is also a director of the 
 Fnion Pacific Railway Comjiany. He is a member of the Fnion, 
 Fniversity, Lawyers", ^lanhattan, and Players' clubs, and the Yale 
 Alumni. He was born in Hartford, Conn., in 1850, was graduated 
 from Yale in 1872, and is the son of Hon. Henry Champion Deming 
 and Sarah, daughter of Laurent ('lerc and Eliza C. Boardman; is 
 
368 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 grandson of General David Deniing, member of the Connecticut As- 
 sembly from 1811 to 1823, and Brigadier-General of the State Artil- 
 lery, and his wife, Abigail Champion; is great-grandson of Jonathan 
 Deming, who served thronghont the Kevolutionary War, and his wife, 
 Alice, daughter of Rev. Thomas Skinner and Marv Thompson; is 
 fourth in descent from David Deming and Mehitable Champion; fifth 
 frcmi Kev. David Deming, Avho graduated from Harvard in 1700, was 
 minister at 3Iedway, ilass., and Middletown, Conn., and married 
 Martha Brigham, of Boston; is sixth from David Deming, and is sev- 
 enth from John Deming, an early settler of Wethersfleld, Conn., and 
 its representative in Genera! Court from 1649 to lOGl. Although 
 Mr. Deniing's father resided at Hartford the greater part of his life, 
 he practiced law in Xew York City from 1839 to 1817, and during that 
 time was associated with Park Benjamin in founding the New York 
 World. He was graduated from Yale in 1836 and from Hai'vard Law 
 School in 1839; was a member of the Connecticut Assembly and Sen- 
 ate; Mayor of Hartford; Colonel during the Civil War, and three 
 times elected to Congress. Other of his sons, Charles Clerc Deming, 
 a lawyer, and Laurent Clerc, Secretary of the Atchison, Topeka and 
 Sante F^ Railway Company, are residents of Xew York. 
 
 COOK. HENRY HARVEY, now a Trustee of the American Surety 
 Company, and a Director of the National Bank of North America, and 
 the State Trust Company, has been a resident of New York City since 
 1875, and has been actively interested in railroad enterprises. He 
 has been a director and active in the control and management of such 
 im]>ortant roads as the Union Pacific the New Y'ork, Lake Erie and 
 Western, and the Buffalo. New York and Erie. He is a member of 
 the Metropolitan and Union League clubs, the New York Historical 
 Society, and other organizations. Born in Cohocton, N. Y.. ]May 13, 
 1822, he attended the public schools and an academy at Cauandaigua. 
 and for two years Avas engaged with business firms of Auburn and 
 Bath. N. Y'. During the ten years from 1811 to 1851. he was a suc- 
 cessful merchant at Bath. Subsequently he became cashier and later 
 President of the Bank of Bath. He married Mary, daughter of Will- 
 iam McCay, of Bath, and has four daughters, all of whom are mar- 
 ried. He is the son of the late Judge Constant Cook, who at one time 
 owned several passenger and mail routes in Western New York; built 
 part of the Erie Railroad; built the Buffalo. New York, and Corning 
 Railroad, and established at Bath a private banking house, which sub- 
 sequently became the First National. The first ancestor in this coun- 
 try. Captain Thomas Cook, of Earle's Colne. Essex. England, settled 
 in Boston in 1635. later becoming a proprietor of Taunton. Mass.. a 
 founder of Portsmouth. R. I., and a member of the Rhode Island As- 
 sembly. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 369 
 
 DICK, WILLIAM, bead of the firm of Dick & Meyer, extensive 
 sugar refiners, is an officer of many important corporations. He is 
 ^'ice-President of the Nassau Trust Company of Broolvlj^n, Vice-Presi- 
 dent of tlie JLuiufacturers" National Bank, Brooklyn, Vice-President 
 of the Malcolm Brewing Company, a trustee of the German Sav- 
 ings Bank, and the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences, and a 
 director of the American Sugar Kctining Conijiany, the Ileckcr-.lones- 
 Jewell Milling Company, the Lincoln Fire Insurance Company, and 
 the Taylor & I-'ox Eealty Coiii]iany, of Brooklyn. He was formerly 
 President of the (lei-man Savings Bank, and placed its affairs upon 
 a solid foundation. He is Treasurer of the German Lutheran Hos- 
 pital, of East New York, and a trustee of the Charitable Hos])ital and 
 the Third Street Dispensary, both of Brooklyn. He was born in Han- 
 over, Germany, in 1823, and there educated. He came to this country 
 in 1815, and entered the grocery business, subsei|ueutly establishing 
 a flour and feed store. He began as a sugar refiner in 1858, locating 
 in New York City. The business was removed to Brooklyn in 1863. 
 
 BOAS, EMIL LEOPOLD, in 1872, became connected with the firm 
 of C. B. Bichard & Boas, l)ankers, of Bremen, Germany, and 
 agents of the Hamburg-American Steamshi]) Line, and in 1873 came 
 to America in connection wifli flie allied New York firm of C. B. Rich- 
 ard 6c Boas, becoming, in 18S1, a member of the firm. This firm suf- 
 fered various changes in personnel, and in ISDl ceased to be agents 
 for the Hamburg-American Line, Mr. Boas ahnie being its representa- 
 tive in this city and General Manager of the line since 18!I2. He is a 
 Knight of the Bed Eagle of I'russia, the Or.hn- of the Black Eagle, 
 given to princes, being the only German (h^coration exceeding it in 
 importance; is a Knight of the I'^irst Class of ilie Ordei- of St. Olaf of 
 Norway; is a Knigiit of tli<' Order of St. ^Mainitiiis and St. Lazarus 
 of Italy, and is a Commander of the <;)rder of IJolivar of N'enezuela. 
 He is a member of the Consolidated Stock Exchange, the New York 
 Produce Exchange, and the Maritime Exchange, and the Maiitime 
 Association; is a trustee of Leuox Avenue Cnitarian Church, and is a 
 member of the New York Yacht, New York Athletic, St. Aii<li-e\\"s 
 ih>\i\ Reform, Unitarian, and Sullivan County clubs, the Liederkraiiz, 
 the Deutscher Verein, tlie German Society, the German Social Scien- 
 tific Society, the American Academy of I'olitical and Social Science, 
 the Aniei'ican Statistical Association, the New York Zoc'ilogical So- 
 ciety, and the American (ieogi-aidiical Society. He was born in (Jer- 
 luany, November 15, 1854, his fatliei-, Louis Boas, and his grandfather, 
 Louis Boas, both being merchants. He was educated at the Royal 
 Frederick William Gymnasium in Bre.«lau, and the So])hi(Mi (!ymna- 
 siuni in Berlin. His wife, Harriet Sagasta Sternfeld, is a niece of the 
 German poet. S. \t)u ^losenthal. 
 
370 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 SPENCER, SAill'EL, since 1888 a member of Ihc famous New 
 Yoi'k bankinii tiiia of Diexel, Morjiau & (/ompany, and its snocessor, 
 J. 1'. Mdi-j^aii iS: Company, is President of tlie Southern JIaihvay ("om- 
 pany, President of the Alabama (Ireat Southern Kailroad Company, 
 President of the Oeoriiia Midbind llailway. President of the Georgia 
 Southern and Fhu-i(bi Ilailway Company, and President of the Elgin, 
 Joliet and Eastern IJaihvay Company. He is also a director of the 
 Erie Railroad Com])any, the Northern Pacific Railway Company, the 
 CJiesajieake and OJiio Railway Conqiany, the Central of (Jeorgia Rail- 
 way Company, the Chicago, Milwaukee and St. Paul Railway Com- 
 pany, the Cincinnati, New Orleans and Texas Pacific Railway, the 
 Alabama (ireat Southern Railway Company, the Norfolk and (Caro- 
 lina Railroad, the Lawyers" Stirety Company, and the West End 
 
 Street Railway Company. He oc- 
 j cupies the position of arbitrator be- 
 
 ! tween the General Electric and 
 
 Westinghouse Electric com|)anies, 
 and is a trustee of the Street Rail- 
 way and Illuminating- Tiaist, cre- 
 ated to take over from the General 
 Electric Company several millions 
 of miscellaneous securities, as a 
 iiH'ans of financiering that com- 
 pany during tin' panic of 1S!»3. In 
 1890 IMayor Grant appointed him a 
 member of the P>oard of Rapid 
 Transit Commissioners. Mayor 
 Strong- appointed him Chairman of 
 the Transportation Committee in 
 connection witli the (irant Monu- 
 ment celebration. He was head of 
 the commissionwhich designed and 
 formulated the plans for the recent- 
 ly completed terminals of the New York and Brooklyn Bridge. He is a 
 nn-mber of the Metropolitan, Fniversity, Tuxedo, Riding and Law- 
 yers' clubs of New York, the ]\lef roixilitan ("lub of Washington, the 
 Chicago Club of that city, and the Capital City Club of Atlanta. He 
 married, in 1872, L(»uise N'ivian, daughter of General Henry L. Ben- 
 ning, at one time a justice of the Suju'eme Court of Georgia, and has 
 two daughters and a son — Henry Benning Spencer. Mr. Spencer 
 was himself born in Columbus, Ga., [March 2, 1817, the son of Lambert 
 Spencer, merchant, and \'ei-ona ^fitchell. He descends from James 
 Spencer, Avho settled on the eastern shore of Maryland in 1610. He 
 attended the Georgia ^Military Institute; at the age of sixteen entered 
 the Confederate Army, and served two years, until the close of the 
 Civil War; was graduated from the University of Georgia in 1867, 
 
 SAMUKL Sl'tNCtU. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NliW YORK BIOCRAFHY. 'All 
 
 iit the iiL^v (if twfiiTy, at the head of his chiss, and in IS(il) was gradu- 
 ated as a civil engineer froni the University of Vii<j,inia. He worl^ed 
 as rodnian on the survey of the Savannah and [Menipiiis Kailroad, 
 and snecessively became leveler, transit-man, resident enj;ineer, and 
 first assistant eniiineer. Tlie latter position lie resigned in 1S72 to 
 become Clerk to the Superintendent of the New Jei-sey Southern Itail- 
 road. In December of the same year he became Assistant Supervisor 
 of Trains on the First Division of the Baltimore and Ohio Kailroad. 
 From 1S78 to 1S77 he was Supervisor of Trains, in chariie of Iraiis- 
 ](ortation on the branch lines of that disision. For a few months he 
 then became Superintend(oit of Trans])ortation for the Virginia Mid- 
 land Eailway, in 1878 becoming- General Superintendent of the Long 
 Island Eailroad. In 1870 he accepted the position of assistant to Presi- 
 dent (larrett of the Baltimore and Ohio Kailioad. In 188(1 he became 
 Actinij- General Manager of the Trans-Ohio divisions. The following 
 year he was elected Third Mce-Pi-esident of the company, in charge 
 of the physical operations of the entire system. In 1882 be was elected 
 Second Vice-President. In 188-1 he was elected First Vice-President, 
 in charge of both physical and traffic departments. After the reorgani- 
 zation of the finances of thi' com])any by Drexel, ]Moigan 6c Conqiany, 
 in 1887, he was elected Pi-esideut. He inaugurated a sound business 
 administration, but the (Jarrett interests regained control in Decem- 
 ber, 1888, wlien he resigned. The return to obscure business methods 
 led to the collapse of 189"). ]\[r. Spencer became President of the 
 Elgin, Joliet and Eastern Kailway in 1889. He is now cliiefiy engaged 
 in managing tlu^ iminense system of the Southern Pailway ('oni])any. 
 
 COPvBIX, AFSTIN. the founder and until his death in 189(; the 
 head of the Corbin Banking (Jomi)any, which he organized in this city 
 in 1873, was also one of the most skillful and prominent railroad 
 financiers in the Fnited Stat<'s. He reorganized the IndiaTUi, Bloom- 
 ingtou and ^^'estern Kailroad. In 1880 he became Keceiver of the 
 Long Island Kailroad, very successfully reoi-ganized it. an<l in 1881 
 became its President. Thi' value of the projierty was also greatly 
 enhanced by his enterprise in developing the summer resorts on 
 Long Island. He was active in connection with the Philadelphia and 
 Keadiiig, being at one time its Keceiver and President. He was 
 I'resident of the New York and New lOngland Kailroad Company, the 
 Elmira, Cortland, and Nor-thern Kailroad Company, the New York 
 and Kockaway Beach Kailway Comiiany, and the :\lanliattau Beach 
 Company, and was a director of the Ameiicn Exchaiigi' National 
 Bank, the Mercantile Trust Company. tJie Nassau Fire Insurance Com- 
 ])any, and the Western Fnion Telegrajdi Company. He was a mem- 
 ber of the Maidiattan. Lawyers". I'layers", Meadowbrook Hunt, South- 
 side Sportsmeifs and Seawanhaka-Corlnthian clubs; the Somerset 
 Club of Boston, and i lie N<'W FiHiland Societv. His lather was a man 
 
372 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 of uieaiii^, ami his yrandfathi'i- a lai^c laiullioldcr and member of the 
 New Uampshiiv vSenate. He was hiiiis(df born in Newport. N. H., 
 July 11, 1827. attended Harvard Colh'ge, was graduated from the 
 Harvard Law ScIiodI, and for two years practiced law in New Hamp- 
 shire in partnershij) with JJalpli Afctcalf. subse(|nently Governor of 
 tliat State. For some years following 1S.">1 he was very snccessfully 
 engaged in law ])ra(ti(e at Davenport, Iowa; but eventually estab- 
 lished a iirivat<- baid<ing hrm in that city, which he reorganized in 
 1863 as the First National Hank of Davenport. He removed to New 
 York City in 1865. 
 
 CoinUN. AI'STIN, son of the late Austin Torbin. and the present 
 head of the fandly, has succeeded to the care of the family estate, and 
 is an officer of a number of cori)orations. He is President of the 
 Keal Estate .Mortgage Company. President of the IJockaway Park 
 Improvement <'oni](any, ^'ice-Presi(lent of the Alanhattan Beach 
 IIot(d and Land ('oni|)any. and a Director of the New York. Brooklyn 
 and .Manhattan Beach IJailroad Company, the ^larginal IJailroad Com- 
 l)any, and the .Manhattan Beaidi Company. He is also Mce-Presideut, 
 Treasurer, and Manager of the Cohnnbia and Ki'd Mountain Bailway 
 <'ompany; Secretary, Treasurer and .M;inager of the Nelson and Fort 
 Shei)i»ai'(l Kailway Company, and .Manager and director of the Ued 
 Mountain Kailway Company. He was born in P.rooklyn in 1873, 
 was graduated from Harvard in 18!)(>, and is a nu'mber of tlie New 
 York Athletic and Fencers' clubs of this city, and the Somerset Club 
 of Boston. 
 
 COOPEK. ED\VA1{D, son of the late Peter Cooper, and Mayor of 
 New York City from 1871* to 1881, succeeded his father as head of the 
 well-kmiwn mercantile firm of Cooper, Hewitt & (Nmipany, and at the 
 ju'esent time is President of the New Jersey Stetd and Iron Company, 
 President of the Coo])er I^nioii Labor Bureau, I'resident of Peter 
 Coo](er"s < Hue Fa(i(U-y, a trustee of the TTnited States Trust Company, 
 and a director of the ( "hrysolite Silver Alining Coni]iany. A i)romi- 
 ueut Democrat, he was a Delegate to the Natiiui.il Conventions of his 
 party in 1860 and 1876. He was an active member of I he ( "oniniitteeof 
 Seventy, whosecfforts secured the overthrow of the Tweed ring. He is 
 one of the citizens who rebuilt the ^b'troiiolitan ()])era House after its 
 destruction by fire in 1802. He is ;i member of the Fnion, iletropolitau, 
 Kinckerbocker, Century, Tuxedo, and other clubs. Born in this city, 
 October 26, 1824, he was educated in the public schools and at Colum- 
 bia ( "ollege, leaving before completing his course at the latter, but in 
 1845 receiving the degree of A. INL After traveling in Euro])e. in 
 1847 thetirm of Cooper, Hewitt & Company was established, both him- 
 self and his brother-in law, Abram S. Hewitt, being taken into part- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 373 
 
 ui'i'ship ill the business eiitci'in-iscs wliidi I'eter Cttoper Iiad hciiuii ;is 
 early as 1815. Tlie active inauaj;emeut of tliese interests rapidly de- 
 volved upon p]dward (^'ooper, and lie particularly disjilayed bis abili- 
 ties in masterini;- all the details of the iron business in a scientitic 
 manner, so as to rireatly enlartic and develop the extensive works in 
 New Jersey, and keej) thciii to the front ainonii- the chief coin]t('titors 
 in this line in the countrv. 
 
 GEACE, WILLIA^r UFSSELT., ^layor of New York Ciiy for tw(j 
 terms, from January 1, 1881, to January 1, 1883, and again from Janu- 
 ary 1, 1885, to January 1, 1887, is also prominent in mercantile circles. 
 He was in business at Callao, Peru, from 1852 to 1805 as a member 
 of the firms of Bryce, Grace ^: ('oiii]iany and Grace Brothers & Goin- 
 ]iaiiy. In 1865 he removed to New York City, intending to rctiic, but, 
 rec()vering his health, r<'Siimed 
 business. He is President of the 
 corporation of ^V. P. Giac>' 
 & Gomjuiiiy, organized in IS'.ll, 
 and e.\teiisi\'ely i-iigaged in (In- 
 South American trade, willi 
 biamdies in London, !-^all Eiaii- 
 cisco. I'eru. and Chile. lie is 
 also President of the Ingersoll- 
 Sergeant I (rill ("oiii])any. and 
 Picsich lit of the Hamilton ISank 
 Note I'ligiaving and Printing 
 Coni]iany, is a trustee of the New- 
 York Life Iiif-urance ("ompany, 
 and a director of the Lincoln 
 National Piuik, the Lincoln Safe 
 I)ei)osit Company, the Terminal 
 Warehouse Company, the Ter- 
 iiMiial lm]irovenient Company, 
 tlie iOasterii Insurance Comi»any, 
 
 the Cential and South American Telegrajdi Com]>aiiy, and the Ever- 
 greens. He is a trustee of St. Patrick's Cathedral. He was one of 
 the notable contributors to relieve the victims of the famine in Ire- 
 land in 1S7!». In 1897 he made preliminary arrangements to estab- 
 lish in this city a large institution for the manual training of girls, 
 to be known as the Grace Institute. He is a member of th(^ 
 Metro])olitan, Manliattan, Reform, Democratic, Lawyers', Catholic, 
 Country, and Press clubs, the Liederkranz. and the Downtown Asso- 
 ciation. He married in 1851J, Lillia.s, daughter of (ieorge W. Gilchrist, 
 of St. <ieorge, i\Ie., and has three daughters and two sons — Joseph 
 P. and William P. (h-ace, Jr. Born in Pivertown, County Cork, Ire- 
 land, jMay 10, 1832, he is himself the eldest son of the late James 
 
 \VI1.LI,\M KL'SSKLL GR.VCE. 
 
374 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Grace and Ellen Mary Knssell. Ills father, of Sheffield House, Qneeu's 
 County, Ireland, was of a distinguished and titled family of great 
 antiquity, and inherited a fortune, which he largely dissipated in as- 
 sisting Venezuela to throw off the yoke of Spain. William Russell 
 Grace worked his passage to New York City in a sailing vessel at the 
 age of fourteen, but after two years returned to Ireland. In 1850 he 
 entered the employ of Bryce cS: Company, of Callao, Peru, and two 
 years later became a partner of his employers. Subsequently his 
 brother, JMichael P. Grace, was associated with him in the tirm of 
 Grace Brothers & Company. 
 
 GRACE, JOSEPH P., eldest son of ex-JIayor William Russell Grace 
 and Lillias, daughter of George ^V. Gilchrist, is Secretary and a 
 dii'ector of the A^'. R. (^irace Company, Secretary and a director of the 
 Ingersoll-Sergeant Drill Company, and Secretary, Treasurer, and a 
 trustee of the Evergreens. He was graduated from Columbia Univer- 
 sity, and is a member of the Alpha Delta Phi and Catholic clubs, and 
 the Columbia Alumni Association. 
 
 SCHROEDER, FREDERICK A., in 1807 founded the Germania 
 Savings Bank of Kings County, and has been its president continu- 
 ously since. He is also a director of the People's Trust Company, of 
 Brooklyn. He has been one of the most prominent figures in the 
 public life of Brooklyn. An influential member of the Republican 
 party, he was elected Comptroller of the city of Brooklyn in the fall 
 of 1871, and served from 1872 to 1871. introducing better business 
 methods in the administration of the office than had previously pre- 
 vailed. He was Mayor of the city in 1877 and 1878, and was active in 
 promoting municipal reform and in opposing ring domination of 
 Brooklyn. His continued activity in this direction led to his election 
 to the State Senate, where he served in 1880 and 1881. and was 
 chiefly instrumental in securing the reform charter for Brooklyn 
 which placed the municipal departments under single executives in 
 place of the many-headed commissions and divided responsibility 
 under the old charter. Born in Treves, Prussia, March U. 1833, 
 through his mother !Mr. Schroeder is great-grandson of William von 
 Heimsoeth, an eminent jurist, who was employed to negotiate the 
 treaty of peace between Frederick the Great of Prussia and Maria 
 Theresa of Austria. He was himself educated at the Gymnasium at 
 Treves, and emigrated to this country with his father, a surveyor of 
 taxes in the service of the Prussian Government, whose connection 
 with the Revolution of 1848 made it expedient for him to expatriate 
 himself. Learning the cigarmaker's trade, Mr. Schroeder began 
 manufacturing in Brooklyn on his own account at the age of nineteen. 
 Since 1809 he has been head of the New York City firm of Schroeder 
 & Bon, leaf-tobacco merchants. 
 
ENCYCLvDPEDIA OF XEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 375 
 
 CRI30IIXS, JUIIX I)., is pciliMps the moist prominent contractor 
 in New York City; is one of tlie largest oiieraturs in real estate, and 
 is very largely interested in the Metr(Ji)olitan Traction system of sur- 
 face railways. He was formerly President of tlit^se lines, and is a 
 director of the Bleecker i^treet and Fnlton Ferry Kailroad Company 
 and the Christopher and Tenth Street Ifailroad. lie is President of 
 the Port Kichmond and Bergen Point Ferry, and a director of the 
 Jersey City and Bergen Kailroad and the (Consolidated Traction 
 Company of New Jersey. Along other lines he is a direct(jr of the 
 National I'niou Bank, the Fifth Avenue Bank, the City and iSiiburbau 
 Home Coiujiany, and the Fi)per East Side Association. He is trustee 
 of the l'ro\ident Loan Society, President of the Hudson and Essex 
 Land Improvement Company, and a director (if the Municipal (ias 
 Light Company of Vonkers. He is a meuilier of the (_'haml)er of Com- 
 merce, a goveru(jr of Manhattan Club, and succeeded the late Eugene 
 Kelly as Treasui'er both of the Friendly Sons of St. Patrick and the 
 Irish National Federation. Ajipointed Park Commissioner in 1883, 
 and again in 1888, he has served as Treasui-er and I'resident of the 
 Board. He has been a Presidential Elector, and was a member of the 
 Constitutional Convention of ]S'.t4. He was appointed by PresidtMit 
 Cleveland in 1894 a member of the Board of N'isitors to West Point. 
 He is the son of the late Thomas Crimmins, also a well-known con- 
 tractor, and was born in this city. May 18, 1814. Educated at St. 
 Francis Xaviers College, where he excelled in mathematics and engi- 
 neering, he engaged with his father at sixteen years of age, and 
 became his partner on reaching his majority. He introduced labor- 
 saving mechanical devices in construction, and was the first to use 
 steam-drills in this city. Upon the retirement of his father in 1872, 
 he managed the business alone for several years, subs<Mjuently form- 
 ing the partnership with his brother, Thomas E. Crimmins, which 
 still continues. This firm has erected more- than four hundred build- 
 ings, and l)uilt the Broadway, ('(dnmbtis Avenue, and Lexington 
 Avenue cable roads, and the Fourth Avenue and Second Avenue 
 underground trolley roads. He was married in 1808, but for many 
 years has been a wi<lower. He has eleven diildren. 
 
 CRIMMINS, THOMAS E., has, for nearly a ([uarter of a century. 
 been partner with his brother, John D. Crimmins. in the well-known 
 firm of contractors of which his father, the late Thomas CrimmiTis, 
 was the founder. He is also President of the Westchester Electric 
 Railroad, ami trustee or director of the Cnited States Savings Bank, 
 the Yorkville Bank, the Traders' ami Travelers' Accident Company, 
 and the Martin B. I'.rown Company, lie was born in this city, edu- 
 cated in th(^ imbjic schools and at St. I'rancis Xavier's College, and 
 is a meml)er of the :\lanhattan. Lawyers', Players'. Democratic, Catho- 
 lic, Riding, and New York Yacht clubs, and the Uptown Association. 
 
376 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 CKJMMIXS, JOHN D., Ji.1., a iiic-iuber of the wcll-kiiuwu tiiiu of 
 (•ontractors, of wliich his father, John D. Crimniiiis, aud his uncle, 
 Tlionias E. Crinimins, are tlie senior partners; he is also President 
 of tlie Califoriua Asphalt Company, President of the (lerinau- Ameri- 
 can Tile Comjiany, and Director of the National Surety Company 
 and the Central Crijsstowu Railroad. 
 
 HUNTINGTON, COhLlS POTTER, havin- ((.iiipleted the first 
 great traiis-ciniiiiiciiial railroad across liic Cuited States, perceiving 
 that tliere \vas room for anorlier and parallel line farther south, at 
 once nndertook and sncccssfiilly comidclcd a second great trans-con- 
 tinental railway. He next cai-i-ied into execntion the scheme of the 
 nnificati()n of the railroads west of the ^lississippi River, in wlilcdi he 
 
 had become interested, into one 
 great system, embracing S,0')U miles 
 of track, and known as tlie Sonth- 
 ei'n l'a<-ific system. This combines 
 no less than twenty-three transpor- 
 tation coiporations, bisecting the 
 continent and rannf\ing through- 
 out \\\^^ Southwestern States, with 
 termini at seajmrts on the Atlantic 
 coast, the Pacific coast, and various 
 points on the Gulf of Mexico. He 
 also controls the ^Mexican Tuterna- 
 tioiuil llailroad, which runs from 
 I he border of the United States 
 at Eagle I'ass to Durango, in the 
 State of that name, embracing (>70 
 miles in the Republic of Mexico. 
 He has also develoi.ed about 20,000 
 miles of steamship lines, including 
 a mail service across the Pacific 
 Ocean, ])lying between San l-'rancisco and Cliiua aud Ja])an. He has 
 been i)rouiiiu-utly identified with railroad building and the develop- 
 nuMit of coal mines at \'aucouver, British Columbia. He is President 
 of tlie (liiatemala Central Railroad. He is Pi-esident of tli(> Southern 
 Pacific Comiiany, \'ice-Piesident of the Central I'acific Railroad ( "om- 
 pany. President of the Pacific Mail Steamship Company, while he is 
 a director of a formidable array of corporations embraced in the sys- 
 tems controlled by him. He has also established at Newport News, 
 Va., the best ai)pointed drydock and shipbuilding yards in the United 
 States. P>orn at llaiwiutou, Litchfield County, Conn., October 22, 
 1S21, he attended scjiool until foui-teen years of age, aud then obtained 
 his freedom from his father and became a clerk. At the end of two 
 3'ears he came to New Yoi-]< City, bought goods on credit, and sold 
 
 COLUS roTTKU HUNTINGTON. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 377 
 
 tlu'iii at a l;((()(1 iiiotit. Duiiiii; the next ten velars he also did a ^ood 
 business tbrousliout tlie iSoutli and West. He oi)ene<l a store at Oue- 
 outa, Otseii'o Ciniiitv. N. Y., in iiartnersliip with his brotlier. U])on the 
 discovery of gold in California in 1S4S, tliey promptly shipped goods 
 to the gold fields, Mr. C. P. Huntington following and establishing 
 himself in business in Sacramento. In 18r)4 the late ]\lark llo])kins 
 became his partner under the style of Huntington .S; Hopkins. They 
 had amassed large fortunes by lS(;o, when Mr. Huntington conceived 
 the project of the Central Pacific IJailroad, and enlisted six others 
 with himself, witii a capitalization of .l!;S,.'>( 10,000. At Washington he 
 secured the Congressional acts of 1S()2 and 1S(U wliich att'orded Gov- 
 ernment aid in lands and bonds. He was successful in interesting 
 capitalists at New York and Poston. Then came the rival enterprise, 
 the Union l'a<ific, jtushing tlie construction of its lines \\-est\\ard as 
 those of the Central I'acific were pushed eastward. The latter won 
 the race, completing its lines May 10, ISCi'.). He next projected the 
 Southern Pacific, rapidly laying its tracks across Arizona and New 
 Mexico, uieefiug Colon<'l Tom Scoffs western extension of his lines, 
 and iiusliiiig on to San Antonio, where, in anticipation, he had already 
 acquired control of the Galveston, Harrisburg and San Antonio, the 
 Texas and New Orleans, the Louisiana Western. au<l ^Nforgan's Loui- 
 siana and Texas llailroad and Steamship ( 'onipauy. 
 
 FAY, SIGOUKNEY WEBSTEK, trustee of the Citizens- Savings 
 Bank, and director of the Hanover National Bank and the lilxchange 
 Fire Insurance Comi)auy, has been i)rominently engaged in the dry- 
 goods commission and woolen commission business in New York City 
 since ISftO. Born in Boston in 1837, and there educated, for a num- 
 ber of years ^mor to reaching the age of twenty-four he was in the 
 employ of Lawrence, Stone & Company, of that city. In 18(50 he 
 accompanied one of his former em]>loyers, 'S\v. Stone, to New York, 
 and with him organized the drygooils commission firm of Stone, Bliss, 
 Fay & Allen. At the end of ten years his firm was reorganized as 
 Perry, Wendell, l-'ay & Company, and gradually devoted itself to the 
 woolen commis.sion btisim^ss exclusively. Since the death of Mr. 
 Perry, in 1878, the present style of Wendell, Fay & Company has been 
 maintained. The house has l»ramdies in Boston and Philadeljihia, 
 and acts as agent for some of the leading woolen manufacturers of 
 the United States. Mr. Fay has delivered successful ptiblic lectures. 
 
 GRANT, FREDEBIC DENT, eldest son of the late Ulysses S. 
 Grant and his wife. Julia T. Dent, has for many years been a resident 
 of New York City, and by appointment of Mayov Strong, was a mem- 
 ber of the Reform Board of Police Commissioners of this city from 
 1894 until his resignation in 1897. He was born in St. Louis. May 
 
378 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 30, 1850, and was with his father in many of the campaigns of the 
 Civil War. He had been present in six battles before i"eaching the 
 age of thirteen. liaviug been graduated from West Point in 1871, 
 for ten rears he served on the Western frontier, and for some time 
 was Aid on the staff of General Sheridan, with the rank of Lieuten- 
 ant-Colonel. He resigned from 
 ^ y^ . tlie army in 1881 to engage in 
 
 -y^-^ -^i-^'^-^-i^ <iZ-i.^?.<x-.-c^ business in New York City. In 
 
 1892 he was appointed United 
 States Minister to Austria. He offered his services to the Government 
 at the beginning of tliewar with Spain. One of the Brooklyn regiments 
 nhich had volunteered for the Avar and been accepted by Governor 
 Black in response to President McKinlev's tiri-t call for volunteers, 
 the 14th New York, elected him as their colonel, and he was with 
 them at Camp Black until they were mustered into service. He then 
 received the commission of Brigadier-General of Volunteers, which 
 he still holds. He is a member of the Union League and Republican 
 Clubs, the Society of Colonial Wars, the Society of Founders and Pa- 
 triots, the Sons of the American Revolution, and the Military Order of 
 the Loyal Legion. He man'ied Ida Honore. of an old Kentucky fam- 
 ily, and sister of Mrs. Potter Palmer, of Chicago, and has a daughter, 
 Julia, and a son, Ulysses S. Grant. He is ninth in descent from Mat- 
 thew (irant. one of the founders of Windsor. Conn., in l(i35. 
 
 LOW, SETII, founder of the well-known Brooklyn merchant fam- 
 ily of this name, was born at Gloucester, Mass.. March 29, 1782. 
 Designing to enttn- the ministry he was prepared for college by Dr. 
 Abiel Abbott and entered Harvard in 1800, but a severe attack of 
 ophthalmia forced him to leave during his junior year. He estab- 
 lished himself as a retail druggist at Salem, Mass., but at the end 
 of twenty years suffered financial misfortune, and failed. Remov- 
 ing to Brooklyn in 1828, he established himself in the wholesale 
 drug trade in New York City, in which he acquired a fortune. He 
 was a member of the Brooklyn Board of Education, served several 
 terms as Alderman of that city from the Fourth Ward, and was Su- 
 ])ervisor of Kings County. He was a prominent founder, in 1843, of 
 tlie Brooklyn Association for Improving the Condition of the Poor, 
 and was its first ['resident. He married, in 1807, Mary, daughter 
 of Thomas I'orter. of Topsfield, Mass.. ami 1i;h1 twelve children. He 
 died in Brooklyn in June, 1853. 
 
 LOW, ABIEL ABBOTT, founder and long the head of the firm of A. 
 A. Low & Brothers, which became i)re-emineiit in the China trade, 
 was the eldest son of the late Seth Low and Mary Porter, and was 
 born in Salem. INlass., Februarv 7. ISll. He became a member of 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 379 
 
 the Chamber of Commerce iu IS-Kj, aud was elected its President iu 
 18()o. and re-elected in 18(50. During the Civil War he was frequently 
 a member of its committees for consultation with the Government. 
 He was also a member of the •' War Fund "" Committee of Brooklyn, 
 organized in 18(52, and was President of the (General Committee of 
 Citizens who co-operated with the Woman's Relief Association aud 
 realized flOO.OOO for patriotic purposes from the Brooklyn and Long- 
 Island Sanitary Fair of February, 1864. He was an officer of a 
 number of the foremost tinaucial institutions. Early in life he was a 
 clerk with Joseph Howard i^ (!"omi)auy, of Salem, Mass.. engaged in 
 the South American trade. Following his father to Brooklyn in 
 1820 he was for three years engaged with him. His uncle, the late 
 William H. Low. was a partner in Itussell iK: Company, the largest 
 American house iu Canton, China, and in 1833 he accepted a clerk- 
 ship with this establishment, becoming a partner in 1837. Returning 
 to New York iu 1810, he established himself iu the same line, rapidly 
 building nji an immense trade, and acquiring a large tleet of mer- 
 chantmen. Under the tirm style of A. A. Low ^: Compauy, his 
 brother, Josiah O. Low. was taken into partnership in 1815. while 
 in 1852 his brother-in-law. Edward H. R. Lyman, entered the firm, 
 the style changing to A. A. Low i^ Brothers. Subsequently his two 
 sons, Abiel Augustus and Seth Low. became his partners. His death 
 occurred in January, 1893. He married, iu March. 1811. Ellen Al- 
 mira. daughter of the late Josiah Dow. She died January 2."). 1850. 
 His second wife, whom he married February 25. 1851. was the widow 
 of his brother, William H. Low, and a daughter of the late IMott Be- 
 dell, of Brooklyn. His four children, the two sons mentioned aiid two 
 daughters, were by his first wife. 
 
 L(JW. ABIEL AUGUSTUS, prominent tea importer, is the eldest 
 son of the late Abiel Abbott Low, Seth Low. President of Columbia 
 College, being his younger brother. He was first a clerk aud then a 
 partner in the famous firm of which his father was the founder 
 and head, aud upon the retirement of his father aud his uncles in 
 1879. he became the head of the house, the firm style once more 
 becoming A. A. Low iV Company. In 1888 this i)artners])ip was 
 wound up. since whiili time ^Ir. Low has continued the business 
 under his own luime at 31 Burling Slip, where the house has been lo- 
 cated since 1850. He is a trustee of the Ceutral Trust Company, a 
 director of the Franklin Trust Company of Brooklyn, aud a Trustee 
 of the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences. Through his mother 
 he is lineally descended from Richard Dow, who settled in Salis- 
 bury. X. IL. iu 161(5. His maternal grandfather, the late Josiah 
 Dow. of Brooklyn, was successively a merchant of Salem. Mass.. Bos- 
 ton, and New York Citv. He was an officer in the War of 1812. 
 
380 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 BOND, FEAXK STUART. Vice riesideut of the Chicago. Milwau- 
 kee and St. Paul TJailiMiad Coiupany since ISSO. and a Director of the 
 New Orleans and Nurtln^astprn IJailroad <"i>m]iany. and the ^'icks- 
 Imri;. Shrevejiurl aTid I'acitic Kailniail » "diiiiiany, was born at Stur- 
 biidiie. ^lass.. I'ehriiary 1. 1830. and lias been a resilient of New York 
 since 1S.")(;. Having been jiraduated fmni an academy and a hi^h 
 scliiKil. \u' was iMii|il(iycd in the Treasurers' ottice of the Norwich and 
 Worcester Itailroad Company in lS4;i-.'')(l. and from 1S.~)0 To IS.'iCt was 
 connected with tlie (Mucinuati, HamilTon and Dayton Railroad Com- 
 pany at Cincinnati, becomiu_<i' its Secretary. Removing to New York. 
 lit- was Secretary and Treasurer of the Auburn and Allentown Rail- 
 road Company, aud of the Scluiylkill and Sus(iuehauna Railroad Com- 
 pany I'roni 1S.">7 to ISIU. Commissioned First Lieutenant of Connec- 
 ticut troops in ISdi*. and sTibse- 
 (pn-ntly comnussioned Major, he 
 served with th(^ Union forces until 
 his resiii'uaTion. November 18, 18(14, 
 beinj; Aid-de-camp on the staffs of 
 (leneral l)ani(d Tyler and (reueral 
 Rosecrans. He jiarticipated in oper- 
 ations in Mississipjd. the battle of 
 Farmin-iton, and capture of Cor- 
 intli; battle of Stone River, liaTTles 
 of Tnllahoma and Chickamaui;a, 
 and caiiTure of ChaTTanoona, and 
 the campaiiiu in Missouri against 
 (len( lal Price. In 18(18 he became 
 connecTed wiTli The [Missouri, Kan- 
 sas and Texas Railroad Company, 
 and was siTbse(iuently iTs Vice-Pres- 
 ideuT until he resigned in 1873. 
 From 1873 to 1881 he was First 
 A'ice-President of the Texas and 
 I'acihc Kailroad (diiipany. In ISSl-Si' he was President of the Phila- 
 delphia aud Reading. From 1884 to 188(i lie was President of the five 
 associated lines, t]i(M'iucinuati, New Orleans aud Texas Pacific; Ala- 
 bama aud Great Southern, New Orleans aud Northeastern, Yicks- 
 burg aud Meridian, and the Yicksburg, Shreveport aud Pacific. He 
 is a member of the Uniou. Metropolitan. Fnion League, and CeuTiTry 
 clubs; the Military Order of the Loyal Legion, and the Society of the 
 Sons of the American Revolution. Tlie sou of Dr. Alvau Bond, a 
 w(dl-known CougTegational clergyman, he is seventh in lineal descent 
 from AVilliani Boml. who. born in Bury St. Edmunds. Suffolk. Eng- 
 land, settled in Watertowu, Mass.. about l()3(l. and was Speaker of 
 the Massachusetts General Court from 1G91 to 1094. 
 
 FRANK STCAHT I!OXI>. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 381 
 
 PARK. JO^^EPII. lias ivmaiiied at the head of Park iV- Tilfdid. the 
 most notabli^ linn of grocers aud importers in the world, for more 
 thau half a (-(Mitnry. This house having been incor]iorated in recent 
 years, he is its President. lit" is likewise a director of the New York 
 County National Pank. tlic I'.ank of the Metropolis, the Sixth National 
 Bank, the Plaza Bank, the New York. New Haven and Hartford Pail- 
 road Company, and the Harlem River and Portdiester Railroad. His 
 seat. " ^Vllitly.■■ is ])aii of a great estate of 1.400 acres, extending from 
 Rye to Harrison, a large part of which is under cultivation. He was 
 born in Rye. Westchester County. N. Y.. May 24. lS2o. his ancestors 
 l)eing among the early Huguenot settlers of that place. He left his 
 father's farm at thirteen years of age. to accept a clerkship with the 
 late Benjamin Albro. grocer, of this city. ^Vhen sixteen he bought 
 the store, in conjunction witli his employer's brother, continuing for 
 a year as Albro iV Park. A year later Mr. Albro was succeeded by 
 the late John M. Tilford. under the style of Park iK: Tilford. which is 
 still continneil. The company has four large stores in this city. 
 
 ClIU-MWELL. FREI)P:RIC. bred to the law and for a year engaged 
 in practice, while for three years he was a cloth-importing merchant, 
 lias long been prominent in Brooklyn and New Y'ork as a financier and 
 capitalist. He has been Treasurer of the Mutual Life Insurance Com- 
 pany since 1884, and one of its Trustees since 1880, aud at the present 
 time is a trustee of the (Guaranty Trust Company, and a director of the 
 National Union Baidv, the Bank of New Amsterdam, the Delaware 
 and Hudson Canal Company, the Sixth Avenue Railroad Company, 
 the Jefferson and Clearfield Coal and Iron Company, and the (Jill En- 
 graving Comi>aTiy. He was one of the founders of th(^ People's < las 
 Light Comi)aiiy. of Brooklyn, in 1870. and was electeil its President. 
 He also became largely interested in Baltimore gas ccunpanies. while 
 from 1871 to 1874 he was a resident of St. Louis, and organized the 
 business aud constructed the works of the Laclede (las Light (Jom- 
 ]paiiy. After a year si)ent in European travel he returned to Brook- 
 lyn, aud, with his brother-in-law. (I'olonel William H. Ilusted. was in 
 control of one of the street railways. He was a founder and the 
 first President of the Civil-service Reform Association of Brooklyn, 
 and a member of th( first ("ivil-service Commission of that city. Ik- 
 was President of the Brooklyn Art Association, and was Vice-Presi- 
 dent of the Philharnu)nic Society. He has been a director of the New 
 Y'ork Giiarautee and Indemnity Company, the Brooklyn Trust Com- 
 pany, and the New York and East River (Jas Company. He is a 
 member of the ^Fetroixilitan. Tuxedo, University, and Harvard clubs, 
 and the Century aud Downtown associations of New York ("ity. aud 
 the Hamilton Club of Brocddyu. He married, in 18()8. Esther Whit- 
 more, daughter of Seymour L. Ilusted and Mary J. Kendall, her 
 father being a ]irominent Brooklyn business man and street railroad 
 
382 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 president. Tlicv liave three daughters and a son — Seymour Le Grand 
 Cromwell. Burn at Cornwall-on-IIndson. February 10. 1843. Mr. 
 Cromwell is the sou of the late David ("romwell. a business man of 
 New York City, and Rebecca Bowman, a descendant of John Bowman, 
 who came from England in HWl. lie is lineally descended from John 
 Cromwell, of Cromwell's Neck, ^^'estchester County, whose father. 
 Colonel John Cromwell, was a cousin of Oliver Cromwell, the famous 
 Lord Protector, and. like him. a cadet of the ancient house of Crom- 
 well, of Hinchinbrook, England. 
 
 B.\NTA, THEODOEE ^MELVIX, Cashier of the New York Life 
 Insuiance Company, was born in Xew York City, Xovember 23, 1834, 
 the son of the late Albert Zabriskie Banta and Sarah Ann, daughter 
 of Calvin Sayre. He is lineally descended from Epke Jacobse Banta, 
 who came to New Amsterdam from llarlingen, Friesland, in 1(1.j9; 
 from Thomas Sayre, who, in 1836, emigrated from Bedfordshire, Eng- 
 land, to Lynn, ^Fass.. snbseciuently becoming a founder of Southamp- 
 ton, L. I., in Kill; and from I'hilemou Dickerson, a founder of South- 
 old, L. I., in 1()41. He was educated in the public schools of this city 
 and tlie College of the City of Xew York; from 1849 to 1858 was an 
 accountant; had chai-ge of the actuarj- work of the New York Life 
 Insurance Company from 1858 to 1863, and in the latter year became 
 its Cashier. A few years ago he rendered an invaluable service to 
 this corporation, his integrity and fearlessness leading him to expose 
 the mismanagement under a formei ])resident through the New York 
 Times, thus bringing about the elec tion of John A. McCall as Presi- 
 dent and the reorganization under him. He has been President of 
 the Baptist Social Union of ilanhattan, and was Treasurer of the Bap- 
 tist Social Union of BrooklvTi. Since 1891 he has been Secretary of the 
 Holland Society. He is a member of the Keform and Twilight clubs, 
 the St. Nicholas, Huguenot, and Colonial Wars societies, and several 
 liistorical and seientific organizations. He is author of a volume on 
 the Banta family. He married, in 1862, Cornelia Crane, and has two 
 daughters, graduates of Wellesley College. 
 
 BELDING, MILU ^MEJHHCK, extensive manufacturer of sewing 
 silk, is President of Belding Brothers & Company, President of the 
 American Union Life Insurance Coni]»any, 'S'ice-President of the 
 Commonwealth Insurance ( 'oniitany, of which he was one of the found- 
 ers and the first President: a diiector of the Livonia and Lake Conseus 
 Bailroad Conqiany, and a director of the Retsof Alining Conii)any. 
 He was formerly President of the Livonia Salt and Alining Comi)any, 
 as he was also of the St. Lawrence Marble Comijany. He is a member 
 of the Chamber of Commerce and the Silk .Association, the Ccdonial 
 and Merchants' Central clubs, the Sons of the Eevolution, and the Or- 
 der of the Founders and Patriots of America. In 1858 he married 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA UF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 383 
 
 Emily C, daufiliter of ^^■illialll Leonard, of Aslitield, Mass., and a 
 descendant of Captain Xoadiali lieonard, of the Eevolutiou, and lias 
 line son — IMilo Menick, Jr. ^Ir. Reldin^" was born in Ashtield, ilass.. 
 April 3, ISoo, and is the son of Hiram Beldin,u, grandson of John Beld- 
 ln<j, a Revolntionary soldier, and lineally descended from William 
 Belding, of Wethersfield, Conn., about 1640. At the age of seventeen 
 he entered the employ of a mercantile firm of Pittsfield, Mass. Later 
 he established a business of his own in Western Massachusetts. His 
 father and brothers established themselves in Michigan in 1S58, and 
 lie began to send them invoices of silk. Their success in handling these 
 led to the opening of a silk house in Chicago in 1803, and one in Xew 
 York in 1865. The next year a silk mill was established in Rockville, 
 Vt., followed by one in Northampton, Mass. A mill was subseciueutly 
 erected in Belding, Mich., a village founded by them, and now con- 
 taining 5,000 inhabitants. They now have five silk mills and maintain 
 offices in nine princii>al cities of the L^nited States. 
 
 BELDING, MTLO MEKBirK, JR., is Treasurer of Belding Brothers 
 & Company, the notable silk manufacturing corporation of which his 
 father is President; is Treasurer of the American Union Life Insur- 
 ance (.'ompany, and a director of the Commonwealth Insurance Com- 
 pany, the Retsof Mining Company, the Park National Bank of lloly- 
 oke, Mass., and the Livonia and Lake Conseus Railroad. He is a mem- 
 ber of tlie Chamber of Commerce, the Union League, Colonial, New 
 York Athletic, Montauk, Marine and Field, Merchants" Central, and 
 West Side Republican clubs, the Sons of the Revolution, and the Or- 
 der of Founders and Patriots of America. He was born in Brooklyn, 
 N. Y., April 14, 1865; attended the Adelphi Academy of that city, and 
 was prepared for college by a private tutor. On his father's side, trac- 
 ing his line to William Belding, who arrived in this country between 
 1633 and 1635; through his mother, he descends from John Leonard, 
 who came in 1635. 
 
 LAN(iI)(»X, WOODBURY, head of the firm of Joy, Langdon & 
 Company, one of the largest drygoods commission houses in the 
 T'nited States, is in other respects also one of the most prominent 
 citizens of New York City. He is President of the Canuelton Coal 
 Company, a trustee of the New York Life Insurance Company, and a 
 director of the Central National Bank, the National Bank of Com- 
 merce, the German-American Insurance Company, and the German 
 Alliance Insurance Company, l•^n■ nmny years a prominent member 
 of the New York Chamber of Commerce, he has been a member of its 
 Executive Committee since 1888, and at present is Vice-President. By 
 the Mayoi- of New York City he was appointed in 1890 a Rapid Transit 
 Commissioner of the City and County of New York, and on November 
 19, 1896. was niipointed to succeed Seth Low on the present Board of 
 
o84 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Rapid Transit ('(iiiimissionersj, ornaiiized under tlie laws of 1894. 
 Following; tlie exiK)sure of corrn]iti()u in city affairs made by tlie 
 Lexow luresti.iiatinii roniniittee, he was one of the signers of the 
 original call for the mass-ineeting at Madison Square (iarden, Sep- 
 tember (!, 18U4, to consider " the wisdom and practicability of taking 
 advantage of the present state of public feeling to organize a citizens' 
 ni(n-ement for the government (d' the City of New York entirely out- 
 side of i)arty ]Kditi(s and sidely in the interests of efficiency, economy, 
 and the ]>uhli<- Jicalth, comfort, and safety." He was one of the Com- 
 mittee of Seventy a]i])ointe<l by this meeting which nominated Colonel 
 William L. Strong for IMayor, and directed the reform campaign of 
 1894, Avhich restilted in The complete overthrow of Tammany Hall. 
 He has been A'ice-Presidcnt of the Union League Club by anntial re- 
 elections since 1889, and has served 
 upon its most important commit- 
 tees. He was one of the founders 
 of the Mercliauts' Club, was its 
 President in 1888 and 1889, the con- 
 stitutional limit, and is now a mem- 
 ber of its Board of Directors. He is 
 also a director of the Xew England 
 Society, of wliidi lie has been a 
 member since 18(15. He is also a 
 member of the City, IJidiug, Law- 
 yers", and New York Athletic clubs. 
 He was born in Portsmouth, X. H., 
 October 22, 1836. His father, the 
 lali' \\'o()dbury Langdon, was a 
 leading mendiant and shipbuilder 
 of Portsmouth, ^\ilil(^ his mother 
 was Frances, daughter of Jacob 
 Cutter, another I'ortsmotith mer- 
 chant. His grandfather, Henry 
 Sherbtirne Langdon, was offered the post of Private Secretary by 
 AYashingtcm, but declined in deference to his father, who thought him 
 too young to assume the responsibility. The latter, Hon. \\'oodbury 
 Langdon, ^Ir. Langdon's great-grandfather, was a distingtiished mer- 
 chant of Porlsmonth, member of the Continental Congress of 1779-80, 
 member of the Executive ( 'ouncil of Xew I lampshire from 1781 to 1790, 
 Justice of the Xew Hampshire Supreme Court in 1782, and again from 
 1786 to 1790. His brother, Hon. J(din Langdon, was a member of 
 the Continental Congress of 177."). S])eaker of the Xew Hampshire 
 Assembly in 1777, a Revolutionary patriot, who gave a large pait 
 of his i)rivate fortune to equip the soldiers under General John Stark, 
 who opposed Rurgo\ n<'; a mend)er of Congress in 1783. a member of 
 the Constitutional Convention of 1787 which framed the Constitution 
 
 WOODBUKY I.AN(;l>li.N'. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF \E\\ YORK BIOGRAPHY. 385 
 
 of the United States, ( utveiiior of New Ilaiiijisliire in ITSS, I'uited 
 States Senator in IT^lt, and i'resident of the United States Senate 
 from ITN'.I to 17it2, and. with the exceptiim of two years, (loveruor 
 of New Hampshire from ISO.") To \SV2. lie declined tlie portfolio of 
 the Secretary of the Navy in the Caliinet of Jefferson in 1801, and in 
 INIL* de( lined the nomination as \'iee -President of the United Slates 
 offered him by the Kepnldican Conjuressional cancns. The late Hon. 
 I'^rancis E. l.anndon, .M.l).. State Senator of New Hampshire, was the 
 brother of Mr. \\'oodbniy Lan^don, i>f New York City. The latter, 
 after acqtiirinii a ^ood education, entered the euijiloy of Urothiniiham 
 & Comiiany, a welhknown dryyoods commission house of Boston, and 
 so ra]jidly made his wa\ in the confidence of his em])loyers that in 
 1SG3 he came to New York to take charj^e (if the lirandi house of the 
 firm. In lS(i8 he became a partner in the tirm (d' Frothinjiham & 
 Company. Upon tiu^ (h'atli of the senior partnei-, in 1S70, the style of 
 Joy, Laugdon & Conqiany was adopted. .Mr. Langdon is head of thi^ 
 house. 
 
 GREENE, FRANCIS VIXTON. Colonel of the Tlsl New Y'ork fr(un 
 February. 1892. until he volunteered with his regiment in the war 
 with Spain in May. IS'.IS. and was cmnnnssiom'd Brigadier! b-neral 
 of ^'olunteers, and assigne(l to service in the Philip])in(- Islands, lias 
 long been prominent in business circles in New York <'ity. At the 
 time of volunteering he was President of the Barber Asphalt Paving 
 Company, President of the National Contracting Company, ^'ice-1'res- 
 ident of the Trinidad Asphalt Com])any. and a director of the Sea- 
 board National Baidc. He was graduated from West Point in ISTO, 
 at the head of his class, for two years was assigned to the artillery 
 service, in 1872 was transferred to the Corps of Engineers, and for four 
 years as Assistant Astronomer and Surveyor, was detailed for service 
 with the Commission engaged in determining the Britisli boundary 
 from Lake-of-theAVoods to the Rocky Mountains. In 18TG he was in 
 the office of the Secretary of ^yar. In 1877 he was appointed Military 
 Attache to the United States legaticm at St. Petersburg, with instruc- 
 tions to study the military operations between IJussia and Turkey, 
 lie accomi)anied tlu^ Russian army until the close vf tlie war. Re- 
 turinng to tin- United States in January. 187!t. that year the (iovern- 
 meut published, in two volumes, liis report, under the Title " The Rus- 
 sian Army and Its Campaigns in Turkey." Tliis work is accej^ted as 
 The mosT auTiujritative on the stibject. I'roni the Czar he received 
 the decorations of St. \'ladimir and St. .\inie. and the camjiaigu 
 medal. Tin:" star of K'ouniania and the Roumania cross he received 
 from the Prince of Roumaina. I'or six years, lieginning witli 1879. 
 he had cjiarge of the engineering work on streets and bridges in the 
 District <d' Columbia. In July. 188."). lie was ajipointed Instructor of 
 Practical .Military Engineering at U'est I'oint. In January, 1880, he 
 
386 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 resioiiecl from the army ami became Vice-1'resideut of the Barber 
 Aisplialt Paviug Company. lu 1880 be joined the Xatioual Guard of 
 New York. He was commissioued Major and Engineer of the First 
 Briiiade. In 1892 be was elected Cob)nel of tbe 71st New Yorli. He 
 married Belle Cbevallie. He has contributed to current periodicals, 
 and published " Army Life in Russia," " The Mississippi." and " Na- 
 thaniel Greene" I" Great Commander'' series). He is a member of 
 the Metropolitan. Union Leaiiue. Century, University. United Serv- 
 ice. Lawyers', and New York Yacht clubs, the Metropolitan Club of 
 Washiniiton. and the American f^ociety of Civil Engineers. Born in 
 Providence, K. L. June 25, 1S50. he is the sou of tlie late General 
 Geoi'ge Sears Greene, distinguished soldier and civil engineer, and 
 ^lartha Barrett Dana. On the paternal side he descends from Dr. 
 JoliH Greene, an English surgeon from Salisbury. Dorsetshire, where 
 his ancestors were landed proprietors, who accom])anied IJoger Will- 
 iams to NeAV England in Ki:}."), settled at Salem, ]\Iass., and subse- 
 quently accompanied Williams to lihode Island. From him also de- 
 scended General Nathaniel Greene, of the Revolution. On the ma- 
 ternal side he descends from Richard Dana, who emigrated from 
 Euiiland to Cambridge, Mass.. in IGIO. General Greene's father. Gen- 
 eral George Sears Greene, was a resident of New York City from 1856 
 until called into service by the Civil War, and had charge of the con- 
 struction of the new reservoir in Central Park. 
 
 DAYTON. CHARLES Wll.l,oU(;HBY, Postmaster of New York 
 from his appointment by I'resident Cleveland in June, 181t:5. until the 
 appointment of his successor by President McKinley in the spring of 
 1897. is a successful lawyer, and at the present time is a trustee of 
 the Twelfth Ward Savings Bank, and a director of the Twelfth Ward 
 Bank, the Seventh National Bank, and the Riverside and Fort Lee 
 Ferry Company. In 1881 he was elected to the Assembly, and made 
 a member of its Judiciary Committee. In 1882 he organized the Har- 
 lem Democratic Club, and the same year was Secretary of the Citizens' 
 Reform movement, which secured to Allen Campbell 78,000 votes for 
 Mayor after a. campaign of but ten days. He was a member of the 
 Democratic State Conventions of 1881, 1882. 1883. and 1892. and was 
 a member of the Platform Committee of that of 1882, and Chairman 
 of the Committee on Permanent Organization in 1892. Active in the 
 Presidential Campaign of 1884, he was a Cleveland Electin-, and Sec- 
 retary of the Electoral College. He was again an active worker and 
 speaker in the campaigns of 1888 and 1892. The siiecdi delivered 
 by him in Burlington. la., in 1888 was circulated as a eamiiaigu docu- 
 ment by the Democratic National Committee. He was a member of 
 the Centennial Committee of the AYashington inauguration in 1889. 
 and one of its Committee on Transportation. He was a member of 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 387 
 
 tlieConsritntioiuil ('ouventiou of ISm. He is one of the incniporaTors 
 of the New York rost-( Jiaduate Medical Schddl, is a trustee of the 
 Harlem Library aud the Harlem Law Library, and was appointed 
 on the Board of Improvement of I'ark Avenue above 106th Street, and 
 elected its President, the authoi-ization of the work by the Legisla- 
 ture in 18*J2 being largely through his instrumentality. lu the May- 
 oralty Campaign of 1897 he appeared on the platform with the late 
 Henry (xeorge. refusing to bow to the absolute dictatorship which 
 Kichard broker had established in Tammany Hall. He was born in 
 Brooklyn, October 3. 184(i, the son of Abraham Child Dayton and 
 Maria A., daughter of Hon. David Tomliuson, M.D. His father was 
 educated in Europe, contributed to periodical literature, aud was the 
 author of " Last Days of Knickerbocker Life in New York." His 
 grandfather, Charles Willoughby Dayton, was a prominent merchant 
 of this city. Mr. Dayton attended the College of the City of New Y'oi-k, 
 and was gradtiated from the Columbia College Law School in 1<S()8. 
 In 1871: he was married to Laura A., daughter of John B. Newman, 
 M.D., and has three children. 
 
 CHANDLER, CHARLES IvREDERICK, founder of the School of 
 Mines of Columbia College in 1861, from that date until 1897 was both 
 Dean of its faculty and Professor of Chemistry and Lecturer on Geol- 
 ogy. He still occupies this chair, but in order to give more attention 
 to it resigned as Dean in 1897. liorn in Lancaster, Mass., December 6, 
 1836,hewas graduated from the Lawrence Scientific School of Harvard 
 College, aud subsequently studied in the universities of Berlin and 
 Gottingeu, receiving the degree of Doctor of Philosophy from the lat- 
 ter. From 1856 to 1861 he was Instructor and Lecturer on Chemistry, 
 Mineralogy, and Geology in Union College. He sticceeded the late 
 Professor St. John in the Chair of Chemistry aud Medical Jurispru- 
 dence in the New York College of Physicians and Surgeons. For 
 about thirty years he was also Professor of Chemistry in the New 
 Y'ork College of Pharmacy. He was appointed President of the Board 
 of Health of this city in 187o, aud again for a term of six years in 
 1877. One of the founders of the American Chemical Society, lie 
 has been its Vice-President and its President. In conjunction with 
 Professor Chandler, of Lehigh University, his brother, he founded the 
 A)iiericaii Chrniist. He is now editor of the Fhotmirdphlc Btilhi'm. He 
 holds the degrees of Ph.D., M.D., and LL.D., is a member of the 
 Metropolitan and many other clubs, aud a member of a large number 
 of learned societies of America and Euro])e. In 1861, he married 
 Anna Maria, daughter of James R. Craig and ^largaret Walton, and 
 has a daughter. He is himself the son of Charles Chandler, of Peter- 
 sham, Mass., and Sarah "\YIiitn(\v, of Boston, aud descen<led from Will- 
 iam Chandler, who settled in Roxbury, Mass., in 1(!37. 
 
388 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 KEEXE. JAMES IJOIJEKT. brukin- aud bankm". iind pi-(.iiiin<'ut 
 member of the New York f^tock Excliaiijie, is also well kuowu for his 
 efSorts to elevate the American turf. He is a director of the West- 
 chester Raciiii;' .Association, aud was one of the founders of the New 
 York Jockey Club, havin<; been a member of its Board of ^^tewards 
 from its organization. He is also a member of the Kockaway Hunt 
 riub. Two of his horses — " Domino " and " Foxhall " — are famous 
 among racehorses. With the latter, in England, he won the Cam- 
 bridgeshire Handicap, and on the continent the Grand Prix. Ascot 
 (Jold Cup. and the Cesarewitch Handicap. Mr. Keene was himself 
 born in England in 1838, the son of James Keene. a successful Loudon 
 merchant, who in 1852 removed with his family to Shasta County, 
 California. I'roni having l)een educated under a private tutor, for 
 
 three years at a ]>rivate school in 
 Lincolnshiie, and under a master 
 of Trinity College, Dublin, :Mr. 
 Keene accepted the position of a 
 cowboA-, herding cattle for th( 
 United States (Tovernment at Fort 
 Eeadiug, in the Indian country. 
 He next prospected for gold, with- 
 out success, and then engaged in 
 freighting, cattle-raising, and the 
 o|)cration of a Houriug-mill erected 
 liy himself. For two years he edited 
 a newspaper. He also studied law. 
 and jjrac ticed among the miners. 
 He went to Virginia, Xev., during 
 the excitement over the Comstock 
 lode, secured valuable mining 
 property, sold it advantageously, 
 and, going to San Fram-isco, en- 
 gaged in speculation in mining 
 stocks whi.Ji neltf(l him sli^."i. 0(1(1 in two months. This capital was 
 soon wii)ed out, however, but he continiicd to operate, transacted busi- 
 ness for Senator C. N. Feltou, and upon the appointment of the 
 latter as Assistant Fnited States Treasurer at San Francisco, bought 
 the Senator's seat in the San Francisco Stock Exchange on credit. 
 He achieved rapid success, realizing a fortune of about sd. (!()(». (100. aud 
 becoming President of tlie Stock Exchange. Upon the failure of the 
 Bank of California he was one of the four contributors of a million 
 dollars to the guarantee fund of .ss.Odd.ddd necessary to secure the 
 depositors, continue the bank in l)usiness. and prevent a widespread 
 panic. In addition to his jiersonal ciuitribution. he carried a resolu- 
 tion in the Stock Exchangi- for a contribution of 8500. Odd from that 
 institution, and intlucnci'd leading brokcis to make up nearly as uiiiidi 
 
 JAMES ROBKKT KKK^K. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF \E\\ YORK BIOGRAPHY. 389 
 
 moiv. ('(imiiiii' tii New Vnrk <'ity on liis way to Kiini|)(* in rlic sin-iii_ii 
 of 1S77. and tiiidiiiu tlic stock iiiaikd lici-p at a low chl). Ik- at once be- 
 jijiii to fiiiidoy till' laruc capital at his coiiiiuaiKl in the hold ]nir- 
 cliase of iicail.v all the Icadiii^L; stocks, and so steadily and iicrsistciitly 
 advanced the market that in the fall of 1S7!I In- scdd ont with a jn-otit 
 of about .s!l. 00(1.(1(10. He has since continued to be a resident of New 
 York ( "ity. While in San Francisco he married Sarah Jay. danuhter 
 of ("(donel Leroy I >aini:eifield. of N'ir^inia, her mothei- lii'inu the 
 danyhter of .Iiid^e I'arker. the tirst -Ind^e of the Snpreme Conrt of 
 \'iriiinia. Tlie two children of Mr. and Mrs. Keene are Fo.xhall I'ar- 
 ker Keene and Jessie liarwai. wife of 'l'all)ot I. Tavlor. of Baltimore. 
 .Md. 
 
 PIERSUN. JOHN 1'I;E1>. attained the rank of Brevet Briiiadier- 
 General in the service of the Fnion dnriii^ the Civil War. and since 
 that conflict has been head of tin- well-known iron honse of I'ierson 
 & ("om])an\-, ]iro]triet()rs of the IJamajio lion Works, (ieneial Tier- 
 sou's yrandnncle. Josiali <!. I'ierson. established these works at IJaiu- 
 apo. X. Y., in 1795. and took into ]iartnershii) his younyer brotln-r. 
 Hon. Jeremiah Halsey I'ierson. under the style of J. (}. Pierrson iS: 
 Brotlier. Jei-emiah Halsey I'ierson, urandfather of General I'ierson, 
 retained his connection with the firm nntil his death, was active in 
 the organization of the I^rie Kailroad Company, and was a .Member 
 of Congress in 1S21. Ili-nry L. I'ierson, his son. and tin- father of 
 (Jeueral Pierson, snggested the construction of the Erie IJailroad, 
 assisted in the snrve.v of its line, and served as a director and its 
 treasurer. He was a member of the firm of J. (1. Pierson iV: Brothers 
 under various changes of the firm style from 182.^ until his death in 
 ISC)!). (General Pierson Avas born in this city, February 25, 1S39; upon 
 reaching his ma.jority became a member of tht^ I']ngineer Corps of the 
 Seventh lieginient; was aiijiointed Aid on thestatT of General William 
 Hall, and recruiting a comiiany at the beginning id' the Civil War. in 
 -May, 18(J1. was commissioned a ( 'aptain in the First New York Volun- 
 teers. He was commissioned .Major in July, ISGl, Lieutenant-Colonel 
 in September of the same year. Colonel in October, 1S(>2. and Brevet 
 Brigadier-(ieni'ral in .March. ISC"). The youngest officer of his rank 
 in the Fnion army, he was frequently mentioned for gallantry. He 
 was wounded at Chancellorsville and at (Jlendale. and was cai)tured 
 at Chantilly in ls(;2. and contined in Eibby I'risoii. He also ])artici- 
 l)ated in the battles of l',ig Bethid, Fair Oaks, .Malvern Hill, and 
 Fiedeiicksbnrg. While but twenty-three years of age he several 
 times commanded a biigade. In 1809 he maiiied S. .\ngusta 
 Rhodes. He is a member of the Fnion, Tuxedo. i;aci|uet. New York 
 Yacht, and .\riny and Navy (lubs, the Seventh Regiment Veteran 
 Association, the ^Ulitary Order of the Loyal Legion, and the New 
 England Sociei \ . He has country-seats at Bamai)o. X. Y.. and New- 
 
390 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 jiDi't, ]{. I. He dcsccixls fi'diii Iacv. Abraliani riei'son, who was Vkh-ii 
 in Yorkshire. Euyhiud, iu KiO.S; in l(>o2 was giadnated from Trinity 
 Cnlh'ge, Cambridge; emigrated to Boston in li)31t; the next year led 
 the settlers who founded Sontliamjiton. L. I.; founded IJranford, 
 Conn., and for a quarter of a rentury was pastor of its (diurtdi, and 
 subse(|uently founded Newai'k. >«'. J., and was the first pastor of its 
 (diunli. lie was ehajdain of the Connecticut forces raised against 
 the Dutch iu l(i()2. 
 
 BL08P, .TA:\1ES DIIVILLE. head of the firm of J. O. Bloss & Com- 
 ])any, cotton mei(diants, was (dected President of the Xcnv York < 'otton 
 Exchange in 1892, and again in 1893, liaving previously, in 1890, been 
 elected its Yice-I'resideut, and almost continuously since IStiC), liaving 
 been a member of its Hoard of Managers. He is also a member of the 
 Chamber of < 'omuierce, is a trustee of the India Kubber and Cutta 
 l'er(dia Insuhiting Company, and a director of the Duluth, South 
 Shore and Atlantic ilailway Company, and has been a director of the 
 Third National Bank. He was active in opposing the anti-option bill 
 in Congress and chietiy instrumental in estaldisliing tlie plan of de- 
 li\eries of cotton on contract by means of warehouse receipts and cer- 
 tificates of grade. Born in Rocdiester, X. \'., September 30, 1847, he 
 is the son of the late James Orville Bloss and Eliza Ann, daugliter 
 of Koswell Lockwooil and Tliaiia Oviatt, and is descended from Ed- 
 mund Bloss, of an old family of Suffolk, England, who became one 
 of the prominent men of A\'atei-town, ^lass., where he was admitted a 
 freeman in 1039. Coming to Xew York City at eighteen years of age, 
 Mr. Bloss for six years was with Norton, Slaughter & Company, bank- 
 ing and (■(unmission; tlien with Woodward tV; STillnian until IST."); with 
 John Chester Inches as partner beeame then head of the cotton firm of 
 Bloss & Inches; from 1881 to 1891 was a member of Gwathmey & 
 lUoss, anil since tlie latter date has been head of his present firm. He 
 is a member of the Union and .Metropolitan clubs. 
 
 BOUBNE, FEEDEIHCK (IILBEBT, President of the Singer Manu- 
 facturing Company, is also an executive officer of a number of other 
 important corporations. He is a director of the Bank of the ^lanliat- 
 tan Company, the Knicdcerbocker Trust (Company, the Central Rail- 
 road of New Jersey, the Long Island IJailroad Company, the Babcock 
 and Wilcox Company, and the Diclie ^lanufacturing Company. He is a 
 member of the Chamber of Commerce and of the Kacquet, Lawyers', 
 Iiiding, New Y'ork Athletic, New York Yacht, Lari hmont Yacht, At- 
 lantic Y'acht, Seawanhaka-Corinthian Y'acht, South Side Sportsmen's, 
 and several other clnbs. He married, in 1875, Emma, daughter of 
 James Enfus Keeler and ^lai-y Louisa Davidson, of an old New Y'ork 
 family, and has surviving four daugliters and five sons — Arthur Keel- 
 er, Alfred Severein, Cetu-ge (iait. Kenneth, and Howard Bourne. Mr. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 391 
 
 Bourne was born in Boston, Mass., in 1851, the son of the late Rev. 
 George Washington Bourne and Harriet Gilbert, the father of the 
 latter being a jironiineut iron and steel importer of Portland, Me. 
 His paternal grandparents were Benjamin Bourne and Mary Hatch. 
 Educated in the public schools of New York City, in 18G.5 he took a 
 ])osition with the Atlantic Submarine Wrecking Company, subse- 
 (luently became Secretary to the late Edward Clark; became Manager 
 of his estate in 1882; in 188.5 was elected Secretary of the Singer 
 Manufacturing Company, and eventually became its president. 
 
 (jTUXTAKD, GEOBGE WILLIAM, head and itrincipal owner of 
 llic (^nintard Iron Works, is well known in the business and financial 
 world. In ISCiS lie founded the New York and Charleston Steam- 
 ship Company, and successfully 
 conducted its affairs until 18S8, 
 when he disposed of his interest to 
 the South Carolina Railroad Com- 
 pany. He is A'ice-President of the 
 Eleventh Ward Bank of New York 
 City, is Yice-President of the Union 
 I'Vrry Company of Brooklyn and 
 New York, is First ^'icl'-I'rcsid(•nt 
 of the Pennsylvania Coal Company, 
 is A'ice-PrcsidiMit of the Ann .Vrbor 
 Uailroad Company, is a trustee of 
 the Colonial Trust Company, and 
 flic Atlantic ^lutual Insurance 
 Company, and is a din-ctor of the 
 Leather Manufacturers' National 
 Bank, the State Trust Com]iany, 
 the Manhattan Life Insurance 
 Company. the German- Ameri- 
 can R<m1 Estate Title Guarantee 
 
 < 'ompany, the International State Casualty ('niiipaiiy, tlie Erie Rail- 
 road Company, the Long Island Railroad Conii)a iiy, and the Batopilas 
 ^Mining Cnm](any. He served a term as State ( "ommissiouer of Emigra- 
 tion under ap[)ointnient by (Jovernor Dix. He also served four years 
 as Park Commissioner of New York City, during whicji time i he exten- 
 sive " new ]>arks " were accjuired by the city. He is a member of the 
 Metropolitan, New York Y'acht, .Vmerican Yacht, and Lawyers" 
 clubs, and the New England Society, and prior to his retirement from 
 active club life a few years ago, was also a member of the T'nion 
 League, New York, Century, and Manhattan clubs. He married, in 
 1811, Frances E., daughter of the late Charles Morgan, and has living 
 a son — .Tames Wood Quintard, of Portchester, N. Y'., and a daughter 
 — Mrs. Nicholas F. Palmer, Jr. He Avas himself born in Stamford, 
 
 GKORGE WILLIAM QIIXTAUI). 
 
392 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 ('(Hill., A]nil 22, 1822, rlic son of Is;iac (iniiitard and (Marissa Hoyt. 
 The Quiiitaids caiiic oiiiiiiially from Xaucv, FrauL-e, iu l(i42, ami set- 
 tled in Euglaud. w Iktc in The city of Bristol, Isaac C^iiiutard Avas 
 born. ITe was a inciclianl <if \'()ilc. Kniiland, ]trior to his emijiratiou 
 to Stamford, ("onn., in 170S. His descendant of tlie same name, father 
 of Mr. Qiiintaid, was a merchant of Stamford. Tlironjili his mother 
 yiv. (^nintard also descends from Simon Hoyt, who die<l at Stamford, 
 Conn., in 1G57. At fonrteen years of a.^e 3Ir. Quiutard became a chndc 
 with MacManns. ( ionld ^c < 'om]tany, of New York City. He was subse- 
 (|nently with E. L. Uuslniell, sini>-chandler, and eventually established 
 himself in the same line. AMth his father-in law, tlie late Charles 
 Morgau, he became interested in 1S4T in the large iron works of T. F. 
 Secor iS; Comiiany. The plant was wholly ac(inired by them iu 1850, 
 becoming known as tlie ^Morgan Iron Works. As managing part- 
 ner, from 1850 to ISOG, ^Ir. (^niutard made it one of the most notable 
 shi]il)iiilding establishmeiils. .Much work was done for the Federal 
 Uoveniment during the Civil War. In 18G() the works were sold to the 
 late John Roacii. Tlie fnllowiiig year Mr. Quiutard established the 
 Qnintard Iron works, in conjunction with James Murphy. The latter 
 subsequently retired. .Mr. <Jiiintard took his sou-in-law, Nicholas F. 
 Palmer, Jr., into partnership. 
 
 DFRYEA, HIKAM, is President of the National Starch :N[auu- 
 facturing Compauy, a business established more than a half century 
 ago by his father, the late Hendrick Vanderbilt Duryea, and at the 
 close of the Civil War was brevetted Brigadier-General of Volunteers 
 " for distinguished conduct at the battle of (laines Mills, Va." Born 
 at Manhasset, L. 1., Ajnil 12, 18;U, and educated in private schools, 
 upon reaching his majority he be<-aine a partner in his father's standi 
 manufacturing business at (ilen Cove, L. I. Upon the incorporation 
 of the business he became \' ice-President of the Glen ('ove Starch 
 ^ranufacturing Coni]iany, and sul)se(|uently sui-ceeded liis father as 
 its President. The company of which he is now President is simply 
 the successor of the otlit^r. In 1855 Governor ^[yrou Clark commis- 
 sioned him First Lieutenant of Artillery in the Forty-eighth New 
 York. Oft'eriug- his services at the beginning of the Civil War he was 
 commissioned Captain in the Fifth New York i riie "Duryea 
 Zouaves"), and within a few months was promoted to ^lajor and 
 Lieutenaut-Colonel. He ]iarTicipateil at the siege of Yorktown and 
 commanded the regiment in the Peninsula and Maryland camiiaigns, 
 the command receiving sjiecial mention for gallantry during the seven 
 days' battles and the operations before Ilichmond. He was api)oiuted 
 Colonel of the reuiment. October 29, 1802, but received periuaneut 
 injuries, which coiiii)elled him to retire from the service in December 
 following. May 20, 18(;0, he was brevetted Brigadier-Cteneral, as 
 alreadv stated, lie is a nieinber of the Fnited Service Club, the 
 
EXXVCLOPEDIA OF XIW YORK UIOGKAPHV. ;393 
 
 3Iilit;iiy Oidci- of rlic J.uynl l.r-inn, the Society of The Fifth Aniiy 
 Coi]>s, anil tlie ^'(■tel•a^ Association of the Fiftli Xinv York. He 
 inanied. in lS(i8, Laura D., dan^litcr of Lcander Rnrnell and Anna 
 Xolde Dewey, and lias two daunliteis and two sons, Harry II. and 
 Chester B. Dnryea. lie is liinisclf desceiuh-d on tln^ paternal si(h' 
 fi-oin Joost Dnrie, a French Iluiincnot, who settled at ]\Ianheini. 
 Kheiush Palatinate, married 3la-dalena Lel'evic, and eniiurated to 
 Loiii; Island sonu* tinu' jirior to KiT."). lie is also descended from INn'. 
 Johannes rolhemus, ami the founders of the Ho^arr, Iioa;L;land, 
 Woiiiman, and \'an NosTiand families, 'riiroii^h his mothir Ik de- 
 scends ficnn I'eTer Wright, \\ho cami fioni Norfolk, Fn^land, to .Massa- 
 chnsefts i!ay, in Ki.'!."). and in l(i."):! setthd at ()\"sT(-r I>ay, I.. I.: fi-oni 
 Edwaid Dotey, who came omi in the .Maytiowi i-; from IIoIk it Feke, 
 who came ovei- ^^•ith ( io\"einoi- Wini lirop; from William Lndlam. who 
 canii from Matlock, Enulaml, in Ki.")."), and from John Townsend, of 
 Oyster l>ay, and Lis wife, Elizabeth .Monti;omerie, cousin of (loveruor 
 I >onuan. 
 
 I'FPKINS. CIIAKLFS LAWlfENCE. eldest son of the late Ciiarles 
 Lawrence I'erkins, who became prominent in the iron business in tins 
 city, has been successfully en};ai;ed in the iron btisiness in this city 
 since L^Ti), and is an otticer of a nundxn' of im])ortant corporations. 
 He is I'resideut of the Southwestern Coal and Iron Company, is I'res- 
 idejit of the Silver City and Northern Kailroad Company, is a trus- 
 tee of the Bowery SavinjiS Banlv. and is a director of the Knicker- 
 bocker Trust C(mi]>auy. the (irilfin A\heel Company, and the Illinois 
 Car and Ecjuipment Comiiany. He is Connnissary of the I'irst Briiiade 
 of the National Cuard of this State on the staff of (General Loins 
 Fitz<>erald, with the rank of ^Major. During the Brooklyn strike of 
 January, 189."). he was Chief Commissary on both the First and 
 Second Brigades. He is a member of the Union. Kacquet. Players'. 
 Harvard, "Whist, aud Balustrode Coif clubs, the Downtown Associa- 
 tion, and the New England Society. He was born in 1S,57 in \\:\\- 
 ton-on-Thames. England, and in 1S7!> was graduated from Harvard. 
 His grandfather. Benjamin Perkins, was Treasurer of the Massa- 
 chusetts Home Missionary Society. His great-great-grandfatlun'. 
 Cajdain Francis I'erkins. was an officer in the Kevolution. and a de- 
 scendant of .Tohu Perkins, who reai lied Boston in 1(>30. and a few 
 years later removed to Ijiswich. .Mass.. where he became prominent. 
 He was born in 1590 in Neweiit. (Jloucestershire. England, and de- 
 scended from P<der Perkins, an officer in the household of Sir Hugh 
 Despeuser about 13(10. 
 
 SPOFFORD, PAUL, was long one of the most emiuenT merchants 
 of New York Citv. Born in Massachusetts in 1792, he was junior 
 
394 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 I)artner iu a business firm of Havcrliill for some time prior to 1818, 
 aud iu the latter year establislied hiuiself iu New York in i)artuersliip 
 witli Thomas Tileston. Agents for the Boston Packet Line at the 
 outset, iiradually they engai^ed in tlie West Indian aud South Ameri- 
 can trade, became the owners of an exteusive fleet, and presently 
 had one of the largest shipping establishments iu the city. The 
 facilities of the house enabled it to render signal service to the 
 Federal Government during the Civil War. The Arm is also notable 
 as being the first in the United States to successfully apply steam 
 navigation to ocean commerce. Spofford i; 1'ileston were one of the 
 fifteen subscribers of -lljOOO each to the Emergency Fund, which Lin- 
 coln privately solicited in February, 18C3. Paul Spofford was promi- 
 nently connected with many of the iiuportaut institutions of the 
 city in his day. He was prominent in the lloue Club, founded by 
 leading business men of the city, and was Treasurer and member of 
 the Council of the Fuiversity of the City of Xew York. He married, 
 in 1822, Sarah, daughter of Daniel Spofford and Mary Xelson, grand- 
 daughter of Lieutenant Moody Spofford, great-granddaughter 
 of Colonel Daniel Spott'ord, and great-great-granddaughter of Captain 
 John S]»(jfforil, and by her had a daughtei', who died young, and one 
 sou, the present Paul Xelson Spofford. Of the four sons and one 
 daughter by his second wife, Susan P., daughter of Rev. (lardiner 
 Spring, two sous still survive — Joseph Louis and Edward Clarence 
 Sjtofford. Both Paul Spofl'ord and his first wife were lineal descend- 
 ants of John Spofford, of Rowley, Mass., in 1638; son of Rev. John 
 Spoft'ord, 'S'icai- of Silkeston, Yorkshire, and in line from Gamelbar de 
 Spofford, uicutioiicd in the Domesday Book as having 39 manors in 
 Yorkshire, at the time that he and other Saxon Thanes were dis- 
 possessed by the Com|ueror. Gamelbar's father, Ganiel, sou of Orm, 
 was Lord of Thorp-Arch on the River Wharf, and had a mansion in 
 York, and 134 manors in Yorkshire, Lincoln, Derby, Staffcn-d, Salop, 
 and Chester. ( See Burke's " I'amily Records " for complete line to 
 the Spoffords of New York. ) 
 
 SPOFFOIH), PAUL XELSON, is the son of the late Paul Spofford, 
 one of the most notable New York merchants during the first half 
 of the present century, and in addition to the care of the large estate 
 left by his father, was long actively and successfully engaged in the 
 West India and South Amei'ican sliipi>ing and commission business 
 which his father established. He organized the engineer department 
 in the militia of this State, and was apjiointeil Engineer-in-Cliief, with 
 the rank of Brigadier-General, on the staff of Governor .John Young. 
 He occupied the same position on the staff of Governor Hamilton 
 Fish also, and was succeeded by the late General James Watson Webb. 
 He is a director of the Ninth Avenue Railroad Company, a member of 
 the Union and Union League clubs, a life member of the American 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY, 
 
 395 
 
 Bible Society, and a iiiciuber of tiie New \'(iik Cliamber of Cunnuerc-e, 
 the Amei"iean Association for the Advancement of Science, tlie New 
 Yorlc Botanical Society, the New York (;('()t;ra]dural Society, Hie New 
 York Historical Society, the Society of Colonial \\'ars, tlie I'^ssex In- 
 stitnte of Salem, Mass., and the Society for the rrcvention of Crnelty 
 to Children. ITe is a l>aclielor. ITe is the oidy son by his fatlier's tirst 
 wife, Sarali Spofford, and thronnh her traces his ancestry to the same 
 original ancestor in tliis conntry as tlirongh the paternal line. 
 
 •^^ 
 
 COLGATE, JA31I':S BOOK.MAN, \'ice- ['resident of the Bank of 
 the State of New York, from 1848 to 18.")2, was head of the wholesale 
 di-ygoods firm of Colgate & Abbe, of this city; from 1852 to 1873, was 
 associated witli tlie late John B. Trevor, under the style of Trevor 
 & Colgate, as deah'cs in stocks and otlier securities on ^Va]l Street, 
 and since 1873 has been head of the 
 firm of James B. Colgate cS; Com- 
 pany, brokers and bankers. In 
 1S57 his firm added a bnlUon and 
 specie department to tlx'ir I»usiness 
 and did the largest stock and bul- 
 lion business in the street. Large- 
 ly through the i)ersonal intluen<-e 
 of Mr. Colgate the old Gold Ex- 
 change was establisln-d, and for 
 three years he was its President. In 
 recent years he has attracted atten- 
 tion as one of the most able advo- 
 cates of the free coinage of silver. 
 His devotion to educatu»nal inter- 
 ests and Christian philanthropy 
 has been notable. Since reaching 
 the age of twenty-one he has regu- 
 larly contributed to the missionary 
 and benevolent societies of the Bap- 
 tist (h^nomination. ^^'ith Mr. Trevor, in ISd'.l, he erected the building of 
 the AVarbnrton .V venue Baptist Church, of Yonkers, N. '\'., do- 
 nating it to the citngregation. Stibsequently he donated a church 
 building for the use of the colored Ba]>tists of Yonkers. His father, 
 the late \^'illiam Colgate, had in 1841 become one of the iiicor)H)rators 
 of Madison University, at Hamilton, N. Y. Mr. James B. Colgate 
 was elected to its Board of Trustees in 18(11, ami since 18G1 has been 
 I'resident of the Board. He er(^cte(l two of its buildings, Colgate 
 Academy and the Colgate Library, and in honor of its late President, 
 Dr. Ebenezer Dodge, in 1891 established the Dodge Memorial Fund 
 of .|1, 000, 000. One-half the annual interest from this fund is ])ai(l to 
 the University, the rest being added to the i)rim-ipal. In 18!)() the 
 
 .lAMKS nOORM.^N COLCATf:. 
 
396 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 name of tliis institntiou was clianiicd to that of Coljiate University. 
 He lias also liberally contributed to Colby Academy-, New Loudon, 
 New Hampshire, Eochester I^niTersitv, Peddie Institute, Columbian 
 College, ^^ a>-lnu;^tnii, I >. (".; HochesTer Thenldiiical Seminarv, Cook 
 Aeadeniy, and man_\ needy churches and associations. He was born 
 in New York City, March 4, 1818, his father bein<i' the founder of the- 
 present well-known manufacturing lunise of Colji'ate & Com])any, of 
 this city, whih- his i;randfather, llobert Colgate, came to this country 
 from Bessels Green, Kent, Enii,land, where the family had been seated 
 for many generations. ]\Ir. Colgate married, in 1S44, S. Ellen Hoyt, of 
 Utica, N. Y., by whom he had one son, ^^'illiam Hoyt Colgate. She 
 died in 1810. In 1S51 he married Susan F., daughter of the late An- 
 thony Colby, who was (tovernor of New IIam]ishire. By this mar- 
 riage he has a daughter and a son, James Colby Colgate. 
 
 AYEIil?, WILLIA:M KSE^YAIiD, eminent railroad linancier and prom- 
 inent socially, is the son of the late General James ^Yatson ^Yebb, 
 and grandson of (General Samuel Blachley Webb, of the Kevolution. 
 liorn in this city, January 31. 1S.")1, he studied under private tutors 
 and at private schools, attended Columbia College for two years, and 
 the New York College of Physicians and Surgeons for two years, 
 being graduated from the latter in 1875, and also devoted two years 
 to i>ost-graduate studies in the medical universities of Vienna. I-^ol- 
 loAving his marriage, December 20, 1881, to Lila Osgood, daughter 
 of the late \Mlli.'im H. Vanderbilt, he became actively interested in 
 the management of the extensive Vanderbilt railroad system. Since 
 1SS3 he has been President of the \Yagner Palace Car Company, and 
 since 18itl I'resident of the St. Lawrence and Adirondack Railway 
 Company, which he organized. He is Vice-PresidcTit of the Find- 
 lay, I'ort Wayne and Western Railway Company, a director of sev- 
 eral other lines, Trnstee of the Colonial Trust Company and the Con- 
 tin(Mital Trust Company. Director of the Linc(dn Safe Deposit Com- 
 pany and the Westcott Express Company, and Secretary of the 
 American Hackney Horse Society. I'or three years he was President- 
 (leueral of the National Society of the Sons of the .Xmerican Revolu- 
 tion. He is a scientific breeder of horses, notably I lie liackney, at his 
 extensive Shelburne Farms Stud in N'eniiont, and lias taken many 
 jtrizes at the New York horse shows. In ISDl lie was aiiiiointed lu- 
 s])e(ior of Kitle I'lactice. witli rank of ('(donel, on the staff of the 
 (tovernor of Neriiiont. He is a Re]»ub]ican and an Episcopalian. H(^ 
 has traveled abi-o.id. visited Alaska, and made tours of Canada and 
 llie I'liited States by special train. He has a daughter and three 
 sons. 
 
 DOUGLASS, .\N1>KEW ELLICOTT, who, lor thirty-five years, 
 successfully followed a mercantile career in this citv, since his retire- 
 
ENCVCLOl'KDIA OF XICW ^"OKK r,I( )GRAPHY. 397 
 
 iiiciit lias won (•(lusidcraltlc iriKiwn by his stmlics and oii^inal rc- 
 .scai-cli in American arclncoloiiv. ills personal explorations have 
 mainly been ou the southern coast of tJie Cnited States. He has made 
 valuable collections and is the author ol monoi;rai)]is and essays. 
 He is a member ui the Century and Church clubs, the >Scieutitic 
 .VUiaiice, the Niimismatic and .Vrcha'olo^ical Society, the Linna'an 
 Society, the Ethuoloiiical Society, the Aiitliropological Society of 
 ^\'ashin,ntou, the Authroi)olo,iiical Society of Paris, and the American 
 (ieograp»hical Society. He married, in 1S47, Sarah Cortidyou, dauiih- 
 ter of (ieory;e Lecky Cornell and Isabella W. Sheldon. His oidy 
 child, Mrs. Charles Boyd Curtis, is President of the A\"omau"s Auxil- 
 iary for Domestic Missions of tlie Diocese of New -York, and Corre- 
 sponding- Secretary of the Society of ("idonial Dames of New York. 
 ^Ir. Douglass Avas born at ^Yest Point, November 18, l.Sl'J, and was 
 graduated frt)iu Kenyou Collejic in ls;J8. He is great-grandson of 
 David Douglas (about ITlo-lTd.") i of Hanover Neck, N. J.; grand- 
 son of Deacon Nathaniel Douglass, of X'anderpoel & Douglass, leather 
 nuiuufacturers, Newark, N. J., and is the sou of Major David Pates 
 Douglass, U.S.A., and Ann Eliza, daughter <d' I'rofessor Andrew 
 Ellicott. His father served through the War of 1812. He was a Yale 
 graduate, and in 1841 was given the degree of LL.D. In 1815 he be- 
 came Assistant Professor of Natural IMiilosophy at ^^'est Point; 
 in 1820 succeeded his father-in-law as Professor of Mathematics: in 
 1823 became Professor of Engineering, and after resigning from tiie 
 United States service in 18:!1, was I'l-ofessor (d' Natural Philoso- 
 phy in New York University, and subseciuently Professor of .Krchi- 
 tecture and Engineering; from 184(1 to 1844 was President of Kenyon 
 College, and from 1848 until his death in 184!) was I'rofessor of Math- 
 ematics in Geneva College. Mr. Douglass's maternal grandfather. 
 Professor Andrew Ellicoti, made the surveys for the city of Wash- 
 ington. 
 
 STANTON, JOHN, well-known mining engineer and develo]>er <<( 
 llie copper mines of the United Stales, was one of the founders of 
 the New York Mining Stock Exchange in 187(3; was its first President, 
 and has been its Treasurer since 1878. I'rom 18o2 to 18(il he was 
 engaged in dev(doping the cop]ier dejiosits in N'irginia, Maryland, aud 
 Tennessee. The Confedejate (iovernnieut liaving confiscated these 
 properties, he turned his attention to the Lal^r Siipciior copper region 
 and ac(juired i)ro]ierties of gi-eat value, lie also has large iiileresls 
 in Colorado and Arizona. He was hnig President, Treasurer, aud 
 Manager of the Atlanti<- :\rining Company, the Central Mining Com- 
 pany, the AUonez :Mining Comjiany, aud I In- Wolverine Coi)i)er .Min- 
 ing Company. At the present liuie he is Secretary and Ti-easnrer 
 of the Atlantic :\rining Company, Treasurer of the New \'ork Con- 
 solidated Stock and Petroleum Exchange, and a director of the Amer- 
 
398 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 icnn roal Company. ITe is a iiKMiibor of the Union Leaiine and other 
 cluhs, the American Institntc of ^linlnu Kniiineers, and tlie American 
 Society of Mechanical Engineers. IJe was born in Bristol, l^iiiiland, 
 Febrnary 21, 183(1. His fatlier was also a mininji eni;ineer, interested 
 in extensive collieries in \\'ales. who came to the United States 
 in 1S35, and invested in Pennsv'lvauia coal mines, later acquiriini iron 
 mines at Dover, X. J. 
 
 SCHLEY, GRANT BAKXEV, in 1880 became a member of the 
 New Y(n-k Stock Exchaniic and, with Ernest Groesbeck, ori;anized 
 the tirni of Groesbi'ck 61; Scldey, stock brokers and banker.*. The tirm 
 
 was reorijauized in 18S.") nuder its 
 jiresent style of ^loore & Schley, 
 • lolin (t. ^loore havinii' become a 
 member. Mr. Schley is a director 
 of the Manhattan Trust Company, 
 the New York .Mutual Telegraph 
 Company, the Western Union Beef 
 Company, the Norfolk and South- 
 ern Kailroad Company, and the 
 y I'ort \^'ayne, Cincinnati and Louis- 
 
 djL^ J^k ■ vill.' TJaiiway. lie is of Dutch de- 
 
 \ m^^k ^M scent, and was born in Chapinsville, 
 
 f ' ,^i.^B ^- ^^ Februaiy 25, 1845, the son 
 
 of Evander Schley, a merchant, now 
 retired, of Canandaigua, N. Y. 
 Having- attended the Canandaigua 
 .Vcademy, at sixteen years of age 
 ^Ir. Schley entered the express 
 otticc of Wells, Butter-field & Com- 
 ]iany, of Syracuse, N. Y. A little 
 hitci- the firm transferred him to 
 tiicir office at Suspension Bridge. 
 ^A'lien the consolidation was effected 
 with the American Express Com- 
 jia uy he was transferred to the New York City office of the latter cor- 
 ]ii>ration, being placed in charge of the ^loney-order Di^partment. 
 This occurred in 187(t. I'nur years later he resigned to accept a posi- 
 tion with the First National I'ank <d' New York City, with which insti- 
 tution he ]-emained for six years. During the latter part of this 
 period he was in charge of the Foreign Exchange Department of the 
 baid<. 
 
 AI)A:\IS, EDWAIJD dean, a member <if the banking firm of 
 Winslow, Lanier & Company from 1878 to 1893, has achieved remark- 
 able success in reorganizing endiarrasscd coi poratinns. At the ])res- 
 
 GKAXT BAKSKY SCIII.KV. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 399 
 
 eut liiiic lie is President of the Cataract Constnictioii ('Diiiimiiy, l'ie>si- 
 deut of the Niagara Developmeut Company, President of tlie Niagara 
 Junction Ivailway Company, Vice-Pre.sident of tlie Central and i-<outli 
 American Telegraph Company, Chairman of the Executive Committee 
 and President of the Chicago Terminal Transfer liailroad Company, a 
 UKMuber of the Executive Committee of the Northern Pacific Paihvay 
 Company and subsidiary companies, the West ^hore liailroad Coni- 
 l»any,the Northern Pacific Express Comjjany, and a director of the Mer- 
 cantile Trust Company, the New Jersey (Jeneral Security Company, 
 and the American Cotton Oil Comjiany. lie organized the Northern 
 Pacific Terminal Company in 1882, and became its President; in 1883 
 organized the St. Paul and Northern I'acific Railway Company, becom- 
 ing its Vice-President, and in 18Sr> organized the New Jersey Junction 
 Railroad Comijany, constructed its lines, and leased them to the New 
 York Central. In 1885 he also accomplislied the delicate operation 
 of a reorganization of the New York, West Shore and Puftalo llail- 
 rt)ad, the New York, Ontario and NN'cstcru. and the ^^'est Shore and 
 Ontario Ternunal Company, lie was Chairman of the Finance Com- 
 mittee of the Central Pailroad of New Jersey during its reorganiza- 
 tion in 1887. In 1888 he Avas active in fioating the bond issue of the 
 l'hiladel]>hia and Reading, while in 18!I0 he reorganized the American 
 Cotton Oil Company. As the representative of the (xermau bond- 
 holders lie was Chairman of ilie IJeorganizatiou Comnuttee of the 
 Xoi'thern Pacific IJailway Comiiany in 189;>. The sou of Adoniram 
 Judson Adams, of Boston, he was born in that city April 9, 18-l(i. and 
 in isCtl was graduated from Noiwicli University, Wrmont. Aftei' 
 spending two years abroad, from lS(i(i to 18(>!t he was in the employ of 
 a Pxislon firm of baid^ers and biokers. From 187(1 to 1878 he was a 
 member of the Boston banking house of Richardson, Hill ^; Comjiany, 
 winch he helped to organize, in 1878 he removed to this city, enter- 
 ing the firm of Winslow, Lanier iV: Comiiany as a senior partiiei'. He 
 is a trustee of the Metro])olitan Museum of Art, a member of the Met- 
 i-o](olitan. Tuxedo, Union L(-ague, and oilier clubs. He was married, 
 in 1872, to Fannie A., daughter of \\'illiani E. Outterson, of Boston, 
 and has a son and a daughter. The son, Ernest Kempton, lias been 
 graduated fnnii Yale and Columbia. 
 
 GKISCOM, CLEMENT ACTON, JR., [Manager of tin- International 
 Navigation Company, owners of the Anu^rican and Be<l Star Line of 
 ocean steamers, has been a resident of New York City since engaging 
 in business. He is President of the James Reilly Repair and Supjily 
 Company, is a trustee of the Sailors' Rest in the City of New York, 
 and is a director of the Maritime Association of the Port of New- 
 York, lie married, in 188;». (ieiie\ieve. daughter of Colonel Will- 
 iam Ludlow, Engineer Corps, United States Navy, and is a member 
 of the Metroitolitan and Lawvers' clubs of New York, and the Un"- 
 
400 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 versity ("lub nl' riiiliulclpliia. Ik' is tlie son of ('k'liu'iil .Vclou (Jris- 
 C(i]ii. oi' l'liila(l('li>hia, well-kiidwii shipjiiii^ inereliaut, aud Presideut 
 of tlu' Intel-national Navii;a(ion Conipany. and is of old and dis- 
 tinguislifd i'liiladolphia ancestry. 
 
 DURA>T, WILLIAM WEST, is lai-oly interested in i-ailroads aud 
 real estate in the Adirondack i-t';L;ion, and is well kin)wn for his in- 
 terest in yaclitini;. lie is a member of the Metropolitan, New York 
 Yacht, Seawanhaka-Corinthian Yacht, Larchmout Yacht, aud East- 
 ern Yacht clubs. Born in Brooklyn, X. Y., November 2o, IS.")!!, he is 
 the sou of the late Thomas Clark Durant, well-known railroad hnau- 
 cier and President, aud his wife, Heloise Hannah Timbrel, of Eng- 
 land, who still surviv(^s. His great-iiJ-and father, Thomas i>nrant, was 
 a lievolutionary soldier, as was the latter's father-in-law, William 
 Clark, a descendant of Thomas Clark, of the Mayflower. His great- 
 liicnt-^iandfather, Edward Durant, (d' Newton, ^lass., was graduated 
 from Harvard in ITiJ."); was Moderator of twenty-six town meetings; 
 was ('hairman of the Committee of Correspondence in 1774; was a 
 member of the Provincial Congresses of 1775 aud 177(), and married 
 a daughter of Captain Johu Jackson. Mr. Durant desceuds from 
 Cieorge Durant, of Jlalden, Mass., and Middletown and Lyme, Conn., 
 who is thought to have been graiulson of Mayor Kidiard Durant, of 
 Bodmiu, Cornwall, England. 
 
 CHAUNCEY, ELIHU, is the son of the late Nalhanicl Cliaiiiicey, 
 of Philadelphia, and Elizabeth tSewall, daughter of Samuel Salisbury, 
 of Boston. His father was a graduate of Yale aud a member of the 
 Philadelphia Bar, while his uncle, the late Elihu Chauncey, was one 
 of the most eminent citizens of Philadelphia, editor of the North 
 Ainerieau ila.::ettc, President of the Iteading Bailroad, and connected 
 with the Bank of the United States and the Bank of Pennsylvania. 
 Another uncle, the late Charles Chauncey, was ]>ronunent at the 
 I'hiladelphia bar, a member of the Common ( 'ouncil, ami of the Consti- 
 tutional Couventiou of 1S27. Mr. Chauncey's grandfather, Charles 
 Chauncey, LL.D., of New Haven, Conn., was King's Attorney in 177(! 
 and Judge of the Superior Ccmrt in 17S;». The founder of the family in 
 this country. Rev. Charles Chauncey, w as a graduate of Trinity Col- 
 lege, Cambridge, was among the early arrivals in the Massachusetts 
 Bay Colony, and was the second Pi-esident of Harvard College. Mr. 
 Chauncey was born in Pluladeli)hia, August 17, 1810, was graduated 
 fi-om Harvard, and has long been a resident of this city. He married, 
 in 1S71, Mary Jane, daughter of Bt. Bev. Horatio Potter, Bishop of 
 New York, aud has a daughter. He is a member oi the Century 
 Association, the ITniversity, Grolier, aud Harvard clubs, the Society 
 of Colonial Wars, and the NeM' York Historical Society. 
 
EXCVCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 401 
 
 >*^ ^1 
 
 AVEKB, WILLIAM HENI^V, ui.oii the death ..f his fuTlu-r. the laTe 
 Isaac AVebb, of Xew York City, siiccot'ded, iu April. 1S40, to the lai-iio 
 sbipbiiiUliug- business -wiiirli liis father had et<tablished and h)nii 
 conducted under the firm styles of Isaac ^^'(■lll( .S; Company and Webb 
 & Allen. The latter style Avas continued down to the retirement of 
 Mr. Allen from the business iu 1S4.'1. when the entire establishnu'iit 
 ]iassed under the control of ^ir. A\'elili, so remaiuinji until he retii-ed 
 from active business at the close of the year 1872. Dui'iuii' this period 
 he built more than one hundred and fifty vessels. He built packets 
 and steamships for service to London, Liverjiool, and Havre: built 
 the first steamships running between New York and Savannah; the 
 first larue steamer for the New < >rleans trade; the fir.st steamer for the 
 Pacific Alail Steamshij) Cumiiauy, carryiuii the United States mails 
 between Panama anil Sau I'ran 
 Cisco; the first steamer euterinii the 
 ''(idldeu (iate," and the first tliree 
 steamers carryiuii' tbe Luited 
 States mail from New York to 
 China by way of Aspinwall, Pana- 
 ma, an<l San Francisco. The scrt-w 
 friiiate, (ieneral Admiral, seventy- 
 two linns, built by him for the 
 Kussian Government. and laum he<l 
 iu September, 1858, proved to be 
 the fastest vessel of war which up 
 to that time had been built. Two 
 iron screw frijiates which he built 
 for the Italian Government durinu 
 the < ally years of the Civil War 
 weic the first ironclads built iu the 
 T'uited States. He built the Uun- 
 (h'rburL;. under ccmtracl with 
 the I'uited States Government for 
 
 a screw ram modeled after his own iilaus. of laiue tonna<ie, the heav- 
 iest armament, with unexampled speed and the best seai^oiui; (luali- 
 ties. The Civil War closing before its completiou, he obtained a re- 
 lease by Act of Congress and sold the vessel to Napoleon III. He 
 established an independent line of steamers between New York aiwl 
 San Francisco; in 1SG8 established a line iu the European trade, aiul 
 sent the first American passenger steamer into the Baltic. He helped 
 organize the Pacific Mail Steamship Company, and is the only sur- 
 vivor of its original board of (brectors. He was one of the largest 
 stockholders of the Panama Railroad prior to 1872. He established 
 a line of mail steamers between San Francisco and Jai«au, by way of 
 Tbuiohilu and the Pacific Islands. He was not merely a shipbuilder.bui 
 contributed to the science of naval archited iircin-igiiuiting and design- 
 
 WU.I.IAM HKNKV WtBH. 
 
402 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 iiijj,- plans and models, and introdnciun' radical departures in con- 
 strnctiun, which revulntionized the merchant and naval marine. 
 Three times he declined the nomination as Mayor of New York City. 
 For fourteen years he was President of the Council of Political Ke- 
 form. He championed the cause of pure water for New York, and 
 labored nearly five years before the State Legislature to accomplish the 
 overthrow of the Aqueduct Commission, which opposed this reform, 
 winning a signal victory. At a cost of half a million dollars he estab- 
 lished and endowed the Webb Academy and Home for Shipbuilders 
 in Fordham. He is now a trustee of the Central Trust Company 
 and the Atlantic Mutual Insurance Company, and a director of the 
 Pennsylvania Coal Company, the Third Avenue Kailroad, and the 
 Forty-second Street, ]Manhattanville and St. Nicholas Avenue Rail- 
 way. He is a member of tlie X'nion League, City, and Repul)lican 
 clul)S, and the New England Society. He was born in New York 
 City, June 19, ISlfi. His paternal ancestors came from England, set- 
 tling in Connecticut long ]u-ior to the Kevolution. His mother's an- 
 cestors, of French Huguenot and Scotcli descent, were settled in New 
 York in early colonial days. 
 
 BULKLEY, JUSTUS LAWRENCE, prominent leather importing 
 merchant of New York City, where he has been engaged in this line 
 for more than thirty-five years, is the son iif the late Joseph E<lmund 
 Bulkley, who was also one of the leading leather merchants of New 
 York. The present ^Ir. Bulkley was born in this city in 1840. His 
 mother was of the well-known Lawrence family of Long Island, while 
 through his father he is eighth in descent from Rev. Peter Bulkley, 
 who was born in 1583 in \Vo()dliill, Bedfordshire, England; was gradu- 
 ated from St. John's College, Cambridge, and having come under the 
 ban with Archbishop Laud after occupying the living at Odell for 
 more than twenty years, in 1G31 came to Cambridge, Mass., and was 
 long pastor of the Church of Concord, of which place he was one of the 
 founders. Rev. Peter Bulkley Avas ninth in descent from Baron Rob- 
 ert Bulkley, Lord of the Manor of Bulkley in the County Palatine of 
 Chester. In 1871, Mr. Bulkley married Laura E. Caldwell, and has two 
 daughters and a son — Joseph E. Bulkley. The latter graduates from 
 Yale in 1899. Mr. Bulkley is a member of the Union, :Metropolitan, 
 Riding, and Adirondack League clubs, the Holland Society, and the 
 New England Society. 
 
 CODDINGTON, GILBERT SMITH, is the second and only surviv- 
 ing son of the late Jonathan I. Coddington, merchant an<l distin- 
 guished citizen of this city, and liis wife, ^Matilda, daughter of Will- 
 iam Palmer, and is the brotlier of the late David Yesey Smith Cod- 
 dington, lawyer and brilliant orator. He was born in New York in 
 1835, and received his edmalion here and at Geneva, Switzerland. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 403 
 
 During tlie Civil War he recruited considerable numbers of volunteers 
 at his own expense, and in 18(i2 was commissioned Captain of the 
 Twentieth New York Battery. He resided in Europe for a great many 
 years. He is a member of the Metropolitan, St. Nicholas, and Reform 
 clubs, and various societies. He is a descendant of Hon. William 
 Coddington, who settled in Salem, Mass., in 1(330, and subsequently 
 became Governor of Ehode Island. He married, in 1880, Amelia N., 
 daughter of the late Hon. Silas M. Stilwell, an eminent New York 
 lawyer; grandniece of General Garret Stilwell, of the Revolutionary 
 Army, and a descendant of the regicide, John Cook, who changed his 
 name to Stilwell u]»()n ((lining to this country. 
 
 DE FOREST, GEORl^E B., prominent in the social life of New 
 Y'ork City, is lineally descended from the Huguenot, Isaac De Forest, 
 a i)rominent and one of the earliest settlers of New Amsterdam. His 
 grandfather. Lock wood I)(^ Forest, Avas an eminent merchant of New 
 York during the Revolutioiuiry period, and one of the committee of 
 jirominent citizens Avho, in 1824, expressed to De Witt Clinton their 
 condemnation of his removal from the position of Canal Commis- 
 sioner. The two sons of tlie latter, George B. De Forest, Sr., father 
 of ]\Ir. De Forest, and William W. De Forest, also became distin- 
 guished merchants of the city, both being engaged in the South Ameri- 
 can trade. Born in New York in 1818, Mr. De Forest was carefully 
 educated, and is a well-known art connoisseur. He also possesses one 
 of the notable private libraries of the city, containing many books 
 with water-color illustrations and original drawings, but being espe- 
 cially remarkable for its examples of French printing and binding of 
 tlie period of Louis NY. and the Regency. He is a member of the 
 Fnion, Metropolitan, Union League, Knickerbocker, Racquet, Play- 
 ers', Fencers', Grolier, New Y'ork Y'acht, and Westchester Country 
 clubs, the Century Association, the Sons of the American Revolution, 
 and the Seventh Regiment Yeterans. He married, in 1882, Anita, 
 daughter of Louis S. Hargous, and has a son, Louis S. H. De Forest. 
 Mrs. De Forest's father was United States Consul at the City of Mex- 
 ico prioi' to the ^[exican ^^'ar, served on General Worth's staff 
 tliroughout that conflict, and subsequent to it became a prominent 
 banker in the City of Mexico. 
 
 CLARKSON, JOHN YAN BOSKKRCK, Treasurer of the New 
 York Traction Switch Company, and a i)rominent real estate operator 
 of New York City, is the eldest surviving son of the late distinguished 
 Colonel V\o\(\ Clai'kson and Harriet A., daughtei- of John Yan Bos- 
 kerck, a New Y'ork mercliant, and is grandson of Samuel Floyd Clark- 
 son. During the ten years ](receding his father's death, from 1881 to 
 1891, he was associat<-<l with him in his extensive real estate business 
 
401 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 under the firm style of Floyd ( 'larki^ou ..^- Sun. SiiRe that time lie has 
 been carryinji' on and develoi)ing the business. He is also a civil engi- 
 neer, in which capacity he has been connected with the Brooklyn 
 Elevated Ifailroad, the Delaware, Lackawanna and Western Kail- 
 road, and the Hartford and Harlem Ivailroad in Connecticut, now 
 in process of construction. He is a director of the Riverside Bank, 
 as well as of the corporation of which he is Treasurer. He is a mem- 
 ber of the Union League and St. Nicholas clubs, the Society of Colo- 
 nial Wars, the Sons of the Kevolution, the Sons of Veterans, and the 
 Militarv Order of the Loval Legion. 
 
 McCREADY, NATHANIEL L'HOMMEDIEU, after being edu- 
 cated in New York City, and receiving a linsiness training in the ship- 
 ping trade at Mobile, Ala., in 1840 
 returned to New ^Ork City and 
 cstalilislicd the >^hiiii)ing and com- 
 iiiission tirm of N. L. McCready & 
 ( '(iiii]iaiiy. In 1865, after a success- 
 ful quarter of a contury as head of 
 this firm, he withdrew and engaged 
 in the management of a steam- 
 siiip line, in association with Liv- 
 ingston, Fox & Company. In 1807 
 he organized the now famous Old 
 Dominion Steamship Com]iany, in 
 18t)t» became its President, and so 
 continued until his death, October 
 3, 1887. He was also Bresident of 
 the Missouri, Kansas and Texas 
 Railway Company, and for fourteen 
 years was on its directorate. He 
 was a director of the Farmers' Loan 
 and Trust Company, the Empire 
 and the Washington Life Insurance 
 Company. He was a member of tlie New York Chamber of Commerce, 
 an honorary member of the ^Marine Society, and a member of the 
 Union and St. Nicholas clidts, and the Reformed Church, Fifth Ave- 
 nue and Twenty-first Street. He married, in 1816, Caroline Amanda 
 Waldron, wlio survives him, with two children — IMrs. William Ward 
 Ikobbins and Nathaniel L. McCready. Mrs. McCready lineally de- 
 scends from Resolved Waldron, wlio came to New Amsterdam in the 
 suite of Governor Petnis Stuyvesant. Mr. McCready also descended 
 from an old Nev\- York family, and was born in this city, October 4, 
 1820. His brother was the eminent New York physician, Dr. Ben- 
 jamin McCready. for many years a ^jrofessor in Bellevue Hospital 
 Medical Collejie. 
 
 XATliA.MKL L HuMMEDIKl" MiCKEADV. 
 
 City Fire Insurance Compan\-, 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF XEW YORK BIOGRAPHY, 405 
 
 (JOODlilDGE, SAMUEL WADSWOirni. fur many years prim- to 
 his death in 18(!S one of the most prominent sliippinii merdiants in tlie 
 East India trade of New York City, Avas born in Grafton, Vt., in 1793, 
 became a member of a bnsiness bouse of IJocltiugiiam, Vt., between 
 1819 and 1834 was an extensive wool buyer at Saxtou's Kiver, Vt.. 
 and for some time sul)seqneut to 1834 and prior to bis removal to 
 New York, miccessfully engaged in the East India and China ti'ade 
 at Hartford. Conn. He was sixth in descent from William (Jood- 
 ridge, of Watertown, Mass., in 1(>3(!, and also descended from Thomas 
 Hall, of Xewbury. Mass., in lt)37. whose parents were Thomas Hall 
 and Joan Kirby. of Walton-at-Stone, Hertfordshire, England. Mr. 
 Goodridge marrie<l. in 1819, Lydia, daughter of Eev. Peter IJeed, of 
 Ludlow, Vt., ^lemlier of tlie Vermont Legislature. E. Eead Good- 
 ridge. merchant of this city, is his son, as was also tlie late Frederic 
 Goodridge. 
 
 GOODRIDGE, I-^REDERIC, like his father, the late Samuel Wads- 
 worth Goodridge, was long a prominent importing merchant of this 
 city in the China and East Ijidia trade. He was in retirement from 
 active business for some years prior to his death, in 1897. He was 
 born in Hartford, Conn., January 11, 183G. and was graduated from 
 Trinity College. He was a member of the Century, ^Manhattan, Coun- 
 trj'. and Fencers' clubs, the Blooming Grove Park Association, the 
 Liederkranz. the Trinity College Alumni Association, and other or- 
 ganizations. He married, in 18t)4, Charlotte Matilda, daughter of 
 Jasper Grosvenor, a prominent merchant of this city. Mrs. Good- 
 ridge survives her husband, with three daughters, two of whom are 
 Mrs. Gouverneur Morris Carnochau and ^Mrs. George Edward Wyeth. 
 and a son — Frederic Grosvenor Goodridge — born in 1873, and re- 
 cently graduated fi-om Harvard University. 
 
 COGSTVELL, CULLEN VAN RENSSELAER, is the son of the late 
 Andrew Kirkpatrick Cogswell and Mary, daughter of General J. 
 Ctillen Van Rensselaer, of Cazenovia, X. V.; is the grandson of Rev. 
 Jonathan Cogswell by his second wife, Jane Eudora, daughter of 
 Andrew Kirkpatrick, Chief Justice of New Jersey, and granddaugliter 
 of Colonel John Bayard, of Maryland, and is descended from John 
 Cogswell, a wealthy English manufacturer and mill owner, son of 
 Edward and Alice Cogswell, of Westbury Leigh. Wiltshire, who im- 
 migrated to Ipswich, Mass., in 1G30. Born in New Brunswick, N. J., 
 September 5, 1869, Mr. CogSAvell w^as educated at St. Paul's School, 
 Concord. N. H. He is a member of the Union Club, the Society of Colo- 
 nial Wars, and the Sons of the Revolution. He is also a member of 
 the City and Seventh Regiment Veteran clubs. He married, in 1896, 
 .\. Eugenie, daughter of Albert W. Nickerson, formerly President of 
 the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad Company. 
 
406 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 DOUGLA.S, WILLIAM PLMX 'T( >K, is a diivctor of the Greenwich 
 lusurance Conipauy and the North Itiver lusiirauce Compauy, but 
 is not engaged in business beyond the care of the estate and large 
 corporate interests left by his father, tlie late George Douglas, East 
 India commission merchant of tliis city. He lias been actively identi- 
 fied witli yachting in this country and with the defense of the America 
 Cui). He was owner of the yacht Sappho, which was a successful 
 defender in LS71 by defeating the Livonia. He was also part owner 
 of the Priscilla, built as a defender. He is a member of the Union, 
 Metropolitan, Tuxedo, Kacquet, Coaching, Country, New York Ath- 
 letic, New York Yacht, iSeawanhaka-Corinthian Yacht, Douglaston 
 Yacht, Cartaret Gun, Rockaway Hunt, Meadowbrook Hunt, and 
 ^^'estminster Ktnmel clubs. He is also a member of the Austrian 
 Yacht Club and several other clubs of Europe. He mamed, in 1879, 
 Adelaide L., daughter of Effingham Townsend, and has a daughter 
 and a son — Tames ( iordon himglas. 
 
 BARBER, AMZI LORENZO, in 1SS3, secured the incorporation of 
 the Barber Asphalt Company, of which he is a director and ])rincipal 
 owner, and in ISSS secured the incorporation of the Trinidad As])halt 
 Company, of which lie is I'resident. In ISST he obtained a conces- 
 sion from the British Government for forty-two years of the phenonu'- 
 nal Pitch Lake of Trinidad Island, embracing more than one hundred 
 acres of pitch or asplialt, and luis created an extensive demand for this 
 product for use in asphalt pavements. He is a director of the Knicker- 
 bocker Trust Company of this city, and has been a director of tlie 
 Citizens' National Bank of ^Vashingtou, D. C, and the Washington 
 Loan and Trust Company. He is a member of tlie Metropolitan, Engi- 
 neers', Riding, Aldine, Church, Lawyers', New York Yacht, Seawau- 
 haka-Corinthian Yacht, Larchmont Yacht, and Atlantic Yacht clubs; 
 the Royal Thames Yacht Club of London, the Society of Arts, Lon- 
 don; the American Society of Civil Engineers, the New England So- 
 ciety, and tlie Ohio Society. He married, in 1868, Celia M. Bradley, 
 of Geneva, Ohio. She died in 1870. He man-ied, second, Julia Louise, 
 daughter of J. Le Droict Langdon, and has two daughters, one of 
 whom is Mrs. Samuel Todd Davis, of Washington, and two sons, Le 
 Droict and Roland Langdon Barber. Mr. Barber was born in Saxton 
 River, ^"t., June 22, 1813, the son of Rev. Anizi Doolittle Barber, 
 a Congregationa] clergyman, and Nancy Irene Bailey, and great- 
 great-grandson of Thomas Barber, who emigrated from England to 
 Vei'mont prior to the Revolntion. Having attended the High Scliool 
 of Cleveland, Ohio, in 1807 Mr. Barber was graduated from Oberlin 
 College; studied theology for a short time; in 1868 took charge of the 
 Nonnal De]>artment of Howard University at Washington; subse- 
 quently had charge of the Preparatorv Department; still later was 
 Professor of Natuial Philosophy, and in 1872 resigned to engage in 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF XEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 407 
 
 real estate business iu Wasliiiigtou. (iiviuy some atteutiun to the 
 subject of street improvement, Lie enyai;ed iu the construction of 
 asphalt pavement, lie has received the degrees of A.M. and LL.B., 
 and is a trustee of Oberlin College. 
 
 WAENET;. LT'CIEX CALVIN, interrupted his course at Oberlin 
 College to enlist in the 150th Ohio during the Civil War, and re- 
 turning, was graduated from that institution in 1S(;5, two years later 
 was graduated from the Medical Department of the New York Univer- 
 sity, practiced his profession iu this city from 18(i7 to 1S73, and then 
 embarked in business. He was one of the founders, and is \'ice- 
 IM-esident and Treasurer of the Warner Brothers Company, engaged 
 iu corset manufacture; is i'resident ot the Internaticjual I'hosphate 
 Company, and is a director of the Hamilton Bank, the Mount ;\Ior- 
 ris liank, and the Home Insurance Company. He is I'resident of 
 the Congregational Church Building Society, for several years was 
 President of the Congregational Club, and for ten years was Tresi- 
 (h'ut of the Harlem Branch of the Young Men's Christian Association, 
 lie has been Chairman of its State (Aunmittee, and Chairman of its 
 International Committee. He is a Trustee of the International Young 
 Women's Christian Association, as he is also of the Associations of 
 the State and of the City of New York. He is a member of the Ex- 
 ecutive Committee of the American Missionary Association and a 
 trustee of Oberlin College. Largely instrumental in the erection of 
 the building of the Harlem Branch" Y.M.C.A., at a cost of |15(l,000. 
 he also erected for Olierliu ('ollegc^ a conservatory of music costing 
 11(10.000, and with his brother built a clubhouse for girls employed 
 in tlieir factory at Bridgeport, Conn. In addition to the organiza- 
 tions named, he is a member of the Chamber of Commerce, and the 
 Harlem, Merchants', Adirondack League, and Patria clubs. He mar- 
 ried, in 1808, Keren S., daughter of Judge Noah Humphrey Osborne, 
 and has two daughters, one of whom is Mrs. Seabury C. Mastick. of 
 this city, and two sous, Frankliu Humphrey and Lucien Thompson 
 Warner. Born at Cuyler, X. Y., in 1811, he is himself the son of Alou- 
 /.o F. ^^\^ruer and Lydia Ann Converse. His grandfather, Ira Warner, 
 was the son of Abel Warner and the brother of Justus Warner, father 
 of the author and editor, Charles Dudley Warner. 
 
 BUTCHER, SILAS BELDEN, after an extended career as a Ke- 
 |iid)lican leader and ofticeholder, in recent years has become no less 
 prominent iu tlie financial world. He is now President of the Hamil- 
 lou Trust Company of Brooklyn, a trustee of the Union Dime Savings 
 Institution, and a director of the National Shoe and Leather Bank, 
 the Nassau Electric Railroad, the Mutual Aiitomatic Telephone Com- 
 jiany, the Smith Vassar Telephone Company, the German American 
 
408 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Ki al Estate Title (Juaiaiilcc ( "(iiJiiiauY, the Metropulilau Life lusur- 
 ance Company, the Manhattan Fire Insurance Company, and the Co- 
 himbia Mutual Buildiui; and Loan Association, being also Treasurer 
 of the latter. Having taught school at Cazenovia, X. Y., between the 
 ages of sixteen and t\venty-tA\'o, while working on a farm during 
 the summers, he was engaged in the railroad business from 1851 to 
 1855, while from the latter year until 18G9 he was established as a 
 met chant in ]S'ew York City. In ISiU) he became Supervisor of the 
 City and County of New York, but, at the end of eighteen months, 
 resigned and removed to Brooklyn. From 18(J8 to 1877 he was Super- 
 visor of Internal Eeventie. 
 In 1870 he was a Repub- 
 lican candidate for Con- 
 gress, and, while tmsticcess- 
 ful, reduced the Democratic 
 majority in tlie district by 
 4.0(10. By a])poiiitment of 
 President Grant he was 
 Pension Agent in New 
 York City from 1872 until 
 1875, when he resigned to 
 accept a jiosition with an 
 insurance (•<nnpany. Again 
 by appointment of Presi- 
 dent Grant, he was Ap- 
 ]uaiser of the Port of New 
 York from 1877 to 1880, 
 wlien Governor Cornell ap- 
 [•oiuted him State Superin- 
 tendent of Public Works. 
 He refused the appoint- 
 ment as Commissioner of 
 Internal Revenue offered 
 Inm by President Arthur in 
 1882, and was elected 
 President of the Union 
 Dime Savings Institution, of Avliich he had been an incorporator in 
 \S'iU and a truste<' continuously since. He resigned from this presi- 
 dency in 18!»1 to acce]»t that of the Hamiltcm Trust Comiiany. He 
 has s](oken in every Presidential campaign from 1848 to 1888 as 
 Whig or Republican; was Chairman of the Young Men's Republican 
 Committee of New York City in 185S and 1859 ; President of the Wide- 
 awake organization of the same in 1800; for four years was Chair- 
 man of the Kings County Republican Committee; for many years was 
 a member of the State Committee, and in 1876 was Chairman of its 
 Executive Committee. He has been a delegate to several National 
 
 SIL.^S BELDEN DUTCHER. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 409 
 
 conventions. For fonr years be was a member of the Brooklyn Board 
 of Edncation. For ten years he Avas Superintendent of the Twelfth 
 Street Eeformed Church Sunday-school, Brooklyn, and made it out' 
 of the largest in the State. Born in Springfield, X. Y., July 12, 1829, 
 the son of Parcefor Dutcher and Johannah Low Frink, he is of Ger- 
 man and Puritan descent on his father s side, and Holland descent 
 through his mother. His grandfather, John Dutcher, removed from 
 Dover, Dutchess County, to Cherry Valley soon after the Revolution. 
 His maternal great-grandfatliei-, (Jai^tain Peter Low, acquired a large 
 tract in Cherry Valley for service in the Revolution and removed 
 thither from New Jersey. 
 
 MOTT. JORDAN L.. the second to bear this name, is the oidy 
 son of the late Jordan L. Mott, founder of the Jordan L. Mott Iron 
 Works, entered his father's establishment as an apprentice in 1S19. 
 in 1853 was made a partner, and since 18(JG has managed the business. 
 He is President of the Jordan L. Mott Iron Works, is President of the 
 North American Iron Works, and is a director of the North River 
 Bridge Company, and the New River Mineral Company. He has been 
 President of the North River Bridge Company, as he has been also 
 of the Star Foundry Company. He was a member of the Rapid Tran- 
 sit Commission of this city which supervised the erection of the ele- 
 vated roads. In 1879 he was President of the Board of Aldermen. 
 He was a Democratic Presidential Elector in 1876, and again in 1888. 
 He is a member of the New York, Engineers', Fulton, New York 
 Yacht, and American Yacht clubs. He was educated at the Irving 
 Institute, Tarrytown, and the T'niversity of the City of New York. 
 He married ^Marianua Seaman, and has a son — Jordan L. Mott, Jr., 
 who in turn has a son of the same name. 
 
 COLE, LUCIUS AZEL, President of the National Lead Company, 
 is also President of the Mississippi, Hamburg and Western Railroad, 
 and a director of the Seaboard National Bank and the Assurance 
 Company of America. He was born in Columbus, Ohio, May 25, 
 1847, the son of George Cole and Elvira Moore. His father was a 
 native of Connecticut and a graduate of Brown University. His 
 mother was a native of Massachusetts and a graduate of the Charles- 
 town Female Seminary of that State. His ancestors on both sides 
 were of New England colonial stock, originally from England. Hav- 
 ing been educated in the public schools, in 1S();>, when sixteen years of 
 age, Mr. Cole entered the TTnited States Navy and served until the 
 close of the Civil War. Returning to civil life, he engaged in the 
 drygoods business in Ohio, and subsequently in the petroleum trade. 
 In 1890 he removed to New York City, having accepted the position of 
 Secretary of the National Lead Ti-ust. T^pon tlie reorganization of the 
 Trust as the National Lead Company in 1893, he was elected its Vice- 
 
410 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 President. lu ISUd he succeeded the late Colonel William P. Thomp- 
 son as its President. ^Ir. Cole was married in 1872. and has a family 
 of seven children. 
 
 FARLEY, GUSTAVUS, from 18(34 to 1866 was at Hongkong, 
 China; was engaged in business in Japan during the seventeen years 
 from 1866 to 1883, and since the latter date has been in mercantile 
 life in New York City. lie is a member of the Union, Century, and 
 New York Yacht clubs, the Downtown Association, and the Sons 
 of the Ikevolution. He man'ied Katharine Sedgwick, daughter of 
 I'rank Cheney, of South Manchester, Mass., and has a son, Frank 
 Cheney Farley, born in 1880 at Yokohama, Japan. Mr. Farle^^ was 
 born in Chelsea, Mass., July 4, 1814; was educated in private schools, 
 and completed his studies in England. He is the son of the late 
 Gustavus Farley, of ('ambridge, Mass., and Amelia Frederika Neu- 
 man, who was born in Gottenburg, Sweden. His grandfather. Major 
 Ikobert Farley, t'ulisted in the Kevohitionary Army at the age of six- 
 teen, and served throughout the war; subsequently became Major in 
 the militia; was High Sheriff of Essex County, Massachusetts, and 
 became ( "ollcctor of Internal Revenue. In 1780 he married Susannah 
 Kendall, a descendanr of Francis Kendall, one of the first settlers 
 of Woburn, Mass., who came from England prior to 1640. His 
 father. General Michael Farley, of Ipswich, Mass., was Sheriff of 
 Essex County, a representative to the General Court, a member of 
 the Provincial Congresses from 1766 to 1779, member of the Execu- 
 tive Council of the Governor of Massachusetts, and Major-General 
 of the militia. He married, in 174.j, Elizabeth Choate. He was the 
 sou of Mesheck Farley and Sarah, daughter of Lieutenant Thomas 
 liuinliam, of the Peipiot ^^'ar, and was grandson of ^lichael I'arley. 
 who came from England to Ipswich, Mass., about 1675, as the agent 
 of Sir Richard Saltoustall. 
 
 ELWELL, JAMIOS ^^'ILLIAM, until his retirement in recent years, 
 the oldest merchant doing business on South Street, New York City, 
 where he had been established since May, 1838, has long been promi- 
 nent in the commercial life of the city and as a idiihinthro]iist. From 
 its origin in 1838, he was connected with the old Merchants" Exchange, 
 now the Produce Exchange, and served five terms on its Arbitration 
 Committee, which had the powers of a court of equity. For many 
 years he was Chairman of the Committee on Foreign Commerce and 
 Revenue Laws of the Chamber of Commerce, of which he became a 
 member in 1845. He was one of the incor])orators of the Shipowners" 
 Association, as he was also of the Jlarine Bank, which later became 
 the Marine National Bank. At various times he has been trustee or 
 director of the T'nion [Mutual Tiisui'ance Coiii])any, tlie Mariners' Sav- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 411 
 
 iugs Institutiou, the (iivat Wei<terii liisiirancc Compauv, the Chicago 
 and Northwestern Kaihva y Company, the Galena and Cliioago IJail- 
 road Company, tlie (ireat Eastern Itaihvay Company, the Colnmbus, 
 Chicago and Indiana Central Kaihvay Company, the Chicago, Dan- 
 ville and A'inceunes Kaihvay Company, and the Atlantic and Pacific 
 Railroad Company. At the present time he is a director of the 
 Niagara Fire Insurance Company and the Pacific Fire Insurance 
 Company, and is President of the American Seamen's Friend Society. 
 He has been a vice-president of the American Congregational Union, 
 and for twenty years was a trustee. He has been a trustee of the City 
 Mission and Ti'act Society of Brooklyn, the Brooklyn Dispensary', and 
 the New York Port Society. In 1S71 Ije organized the Helping Hand 
 Society of Brooklyn, now the Helping Hand Night Mission, and was 
 long its 1) resident. A founder of the Home for Friendless Women and 
 Children of Bi-ooklyn, he paid the rent of its building during the tirst 
 year. He was President of the T'resh Air Fund, now the Seaside 
 Home; President of the Board of ('ounscl of the Mariners' Family 
 Asylum on Staten Island, member of the Board of Advisers of the 
 Mount Prospect Industrial School, trustee of the Brookhn Children's 
 Aid Society, and a member of the Advisory Board of the Orphan 
 Asylum Society of Brooklyn, helping to raise funds for tlie erection of 
 the home. For thirty-four years he was President of the Board of 
 Trustees of the Clinton Avenue Congregational Cluirch of Brooklyn. 
 He has assisted churches, missions, and educational and benevolent 
 institutions in many States and in foreign lands. Born in Batli, Me., 
 August 27, 1820, he is the son of John Elwell, and great-grandson of 
 Payne Elwell, liotli of whom were prosperous West Indian merclinnts. 
 In 1832 his fatlier removed to Brooklyn, at tlie same time establishing 
 in tills city the mercantile firm of Elwell & Taylor. This firm Mr. 
 Elwell entered in May, 1838, the style becoming John Elwell lV: Com- 
 pany. Through the enterprise of the son lines of sailing vessels were 
 established between New York and the ports of the Southern States, 
 South America, and the East and West Indies. After the death of his 
 fatlier, in 1847, he managed the business alone until ]8.j2, when his 
 son and bookkeeper were taken into the firm of James W. Elwell & 
 Com](any, wliicli was then established. He had two children by his 
 first wife, Olivia P. Bobertson, of Bath, Me., and two by his second 
 wife, Lucy E. B. Stinson, of the same jilace. 
 
 SAYRE, LEWIS ALBERT, one of the most eminent physicians 
 and surgeons of New "S'ni-k City, and the " father " of orthopiedic sur- 
 gery as a s]ie(ial (le])ailment, was graduated from the New York Col- 
 lege of Physicians and Surgeons in 1S42. He was at once made Pro 
 sector to the Professor of Snrger.\ in this institution, and held the 
 position U7itil ls.'")2, when he became lOiiieritus Prosector. In L'*.")o he 
 was appointed Surgeon to Bellevue Hospital; in 18.")!) became Surgeon 
 
412 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 ot Charity Hospital, and in l87o became Consulting iSui'geon to Char- 
 ity Hospital. He was one of the most active founders of the Bellevue 
 Hospital Medical College in ISfil, and has been its Professor of Ortho- 
 pfBdic Surgery from that time to the present. He was also one of the 
 founders of the New York Academy of Medicine, as he was also of 
 the New York Pathological Society and the American Medical Asso- 
 ciation. He was elected Vice-President of the American Medical 
 Association in 18(i(), and its President in ISSO. In January, 1S60, he 
 was appointed Kesident Physician of the City of New York by Mayor 
 Fernando Wood, and Avas continued in office under Mayor Oj^dyke, 
 ilayor Gunther, and Mayor Hoffman. He issued a series of remark- 
 able annual reports dealing with the utmost freedom and boldness 
 with the sanitary problems of the city. He continued to urge a leg- 
 islative enactment for compulsory vaccination, denounced the con- 
 dition of the streets and sewers, was equally severe in exposing the 
 condition of the tenement houses, which rendered them " pest-holes 
 that breed typhoid and typhus fever," and gave a practical demon- 
 stration of the then disputed fact that Asiatic cholera is a contagious 
 disease and amenable to proper quarantine precautions. With the 
 medical authorities of surrounding cities declaring that the disease 
 was epidemic, and attempts to quarantine it a waste of energy, he 
 prevailed upon the New York City rtovernment to establish a strict 
 quarantine against the infected ship which entered New York Bay, 
 and Avas subsequently able lo report : " The cholera, which has arrived 
 Avithin our harbor, and lias licen so near our shores within a few weeks 
 past, was anchored in the bay, and detained there." Tliis AA'as accom- 
 plished in the face of the fact that the city " was ripe for its reception, 
 Avith its filthy streets, its overcroAvded tenement houses, its obstructed 
 sewers, the decaying animal and vegetable matter, and Avith the 
 peculiar condition of climate, ready to spread its infectious influences 
 into an epidemic." He advocated the establishment by the Federal 
 Government of a uniform (luarantine system on cwery coast and 
 frontier of the country. But in orthopfedic surgery Dr. Sayre estab- 
 lished an international reputation. In 1S54 he achieved the dis- 
 tinction of being the first American surgeon to perform successfully 
 the extremely delicate and com])licated operation of the removal of 
 the reed of the femur. The fame of his repeated and successful per- 
 formances of this operation spread to Europe. Other original and 
 unique work followed. Visiting Europe in 1871 he found himself 
 recognized as the master in his chosen depar-tment. He Avas invited 
 to lecture on hip-joint disease and demonstrate his method before 
 many medical societies. He became an honorary member of the Brit- 
 ish INFedical Association, the ^Medicn-Chirurgical Society of Edin- 
 bui-gh, the Surgical Society of St. Petersburg, and the Medical Society 
 of Norway. For his services in Sweden, including attendance upon 
 a member of the roval familA', King Charles lY. created him a Knight 
 
Cl>^__-,^ ^.^^</Ly..< ^0 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 413 
 
 of the Order of Waisa. Appointed by tlie American Medical Associa- 
 tion a dcleiiate to tlie International .Medieal Coni;ress at Plnladel]diia 
 in 187(i, lie i)resented a paper on " .Morbus Coxariiis," or hip-joint dis- 
 ease, and performed his famous o]ieralion. He next took up Pott's 
 <lisease and lateral curvature of the spine, and accomplished results 
 as remarl<alde and as rev(dutionar_v by sus]iension of the body with 
 the application of plaster-of-paiis ban(hij;cs or jackets. Appointed 
 by the American Medical Associalion in ISIT a delegate to the meet- 
 iuji' of tlie IJritisli [Medical Association at ^ranch(\ster, Eniihind, he 
 received a remarkable reception in (ireat Britain, and lectured and 
 gave demonstrations to illusti-ate tiiese new methoils before thi^ lead- 
 inii' hospitals and medieal societies in London, LiverjKio!, Manchester, 
 Rirminiihani, and Cork. The UriHsIt Mcdicul ■loiinial declared at the 
 time tliat " his tTeatment of anjiular and lateral curvature of the s]une 
 constitutes a new era in that department of snriicry." He published 
 while in Eniiland, and dedicated to the medical prcd'ession of (ireat 
 Britain, his notable work, " An Illustrative Ti-eatise on Spinal Disease 
 and Spinal Curvatnre.'" This l>ook, with his "Practical Manual (d' 
 Club-foot " and " Lectures on ( )it lio]>:edic Surgeiw and Diseases of the 
 Joints," are world-wide autlnu-ities, having passed throujili many 
 American, English, German, .-ind l'i-en(h editions. An American 
 writer says of his work: "Dr. Siiyre is the inventor of a number of 
 important instruments used in his practice, and which have proved 
 of the greatest service in the surgical profession; among these being 
 the uvnlatome, club-foot shoe, scrotal clamp, flexible probe, improved 
 tracheotomy tube, and various splints and appliances for use in ortho- 
 pa'dic surgery, which have proved of the highest value to the profes- 
 sion and of remarkable utility in the treatment of deformities. . . . 
 His life work in connection Avitli hii)-joint disease alone is sufficient 
 to entitle him to the gratitude of his own countrymen and the world. 
 It may be said of him that in his whole peculiar dei)artment of healing- 
 he stands absolutely alone, having conceived his method, devised his 
 practice, and invented his instruments." Dr. Sayre was born in wliat 
 is now JMadison, Morris County, N. •!., T'ebruary 28, 1S20, the scin .d' 
 Archibald Sayre, a Avealthy farmer, ami grandson of Ephraim Sayre, 
 Quartermaster in the patriot army during the Kevolution. A pre- 
 <-ocious child, at four years of age Dr. Sayre recited verses of welcome 
 in the presence of Lafayette. He received an academic education, in 
 1S39 was graduated from Transylvania University, Lexington, Ky., 
 and, as already stated, from the New York College of Physicians and 
 Surgeons in 1842. He married, in 1849, Eliza Ann, daughter of the 
 lateChai-les Henry Hall, eminent in connection with tlie develoiunent 
 of the Ha,rlem district of the city. They have had four (diildren — 
 Miss Mary Hall Sayre, a brilliant linguist; the late Dr. Charles H. H. 
 Sayre, the late Dr. Lewis Hall Sayre, and tlie i)resent Dr. T^eginald 
 Hall Savre. 
 
414 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 :M()TT, valentine, one of the most famous surgeons of the 
 United States, was born at Glen Cove, L. 1.. in 1785. in 1S06 was 
 graduated from the Medical Department of Columbia College, having 
 also studied with a relative, the eminent Dr. \'alentine Seaman, and 
 going to England, studied under the famous Sir Astley Cooper and 
 others, visiting the hospitals, and attending lectures in London and 
 Edinburgh. In 1808 he returned to this city. From 1809 to 18:^2 he 
 was l'rofesst)r of Surgery in the Medical Department of Columbia 
 College, and its successor, the New York College of Physicians and 
 Surgeons. In 1832 lie became one of the founders of the Rutgers 
 School of Medicine, and was its Professor of Surgery for four years. 
 From 183G to 1850 he held once more his old chair in the College of 
 I'hysicians and Surgeons. " He originated a great number of opera- 
 tions deemed impossible before his day, and which revolutionized med- 
 icine and surgery." Tlie degree of M.D. was conferred upon him by 
 the I'niversity of Edinburgh. He was a Fellow of the Academy of 
 Medicine of Paris. He was Surgeon to six hospitals of this city, the 
 New York, BcHcvuc, St. Luke's, St. Vincent's, Hebrew, and Woman's. 
 He umrried Louise Dunmorc Muiiu. The late distinguished Dr. Alex- 
 ander Brown Mott was tlicir sou. 
 
 MOTT, ALEXANDER BROWN, fourth son of the renowned sur- 
 geon, A'aleutine Mott, was born in this city in 1N2(!. attended Dr. 
 Anthon's Columbia Grammar School, in 1850 was graduated from tlie 
 Vermont Academy of Medicine, was one of the founders of St. A'in- 
 cent's Hospital of this city, was one of the founders and long a Pro- 
 fessor of the Bellevue Medical College, and was Surgeon to Bellevue, 
 St. Vincent's, and Mount Sinai hospitals. Surgeon to the Second Bri- 
 gade of this State when the Civil War broke out in April. 18G1, he 
 was appointed Medical Director of the Department of the East, or- 
 ganized the T'nited States Army General Hospital in this city, and 
 was its chief surgeon, ^^•itll thi' rank of Major. In 18(i4 he served on 
 the staff of (leneral < )rd as Medical Insiteclor of the r>opartment of 
 Virginia, and was present when Lee surrendered. He Avas mustered 
 out with the Brevet of Lieutenant-Colonel. He married, in 1851. Ara- 
 bella, daughter of Thachleus Phelps, and died in 1SS!(. As a youth 
 abroad, he at one time was Secretary to Commodore Morrison, United 
 States Navy, in tlie Mediierranean, while he also took ])art in a Span- 
 ish revolution, coimiianding a battery at the Siege of Barcelona. 
 
 Tlie present Dr. N'alentine ^lott. only child of Dr. Alexander 
 Brown AFott, was born in tliis city in 18.52, in 1S72 was graduated 
 from Columbia, in 18T(! was graduated from Cambridge University, 
 England, and in 1879 was graduate(l from P.elleviie .Medical College. 
 Througli his eminent father and reiiewned graiidfallier. he descends 
 from Adam ^lott, who settled at Hempstead, L. I., some time prior to 
 1655. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF XEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 415 
 
 IIAREISON, GEORGE TUCKER, at pieseut (1808) rresideut of 
 the New York Couutv Medical Associatiou, was boru. July 23. lS.3r>, 
 at the Uuiversity of ^'irjiiiiia. whert' his father was a professor; was 
 educated in that institution, beinii' firaduated as Master of Arts in 
 1854, and from the Medical Department in 1S5G, and after nine 
 months' service in tSt. Joseph's liosi)ital, Philadelphia, was engaged 
 in the practice of medicine in St. Louis, Mo., until shortly before the 
 Civil War. He served with the forces of ^'irginia during the war. 
 being present at the first battle of Bull Run in the capacity of As- 
 sistant-Surgeon, and remaining connected with the Medical Depart- 
 ment of the Confederate armies until the close of the conflict. In 
 1S()4 he was a member of the Medical Commission charged with the 
 duty of inspecting the Confederate hospitals and discharging from 
 them all men able to carry a mus- 
 ket. In 1868 he came to New York ' 
 City, where lie has become eminent 
 as a specialist in gynecology and 
 obstetrics. He served a term uji- 
 on the House Staff of the Wom- 
 an's Hospital after his arrival in 
 New York, and subsequently was 
 for tifteen years Assistant-Sur- 
 geon to tlie same institution. In 
 1890 he was elected President of 
 the New York County Medical As- 
 sociation, declined a re-election, but 
 in January, 18!)8, was once more 
 elected to this position. He has 
 also been President of the New 
 ^'oik Obstetrical Society, and is a 
 member of I lie International ;\Iedi- 
 cal Congress, a Permanent Member 
 of the .American Medical Associa- 
 tion, a Fellow of the Amei'ican (rynecological Society, a Fellow of 
 the Academy of ifedicine, and an Honorary Member of the Yirginia 
 State ^Medical Society. He is also a member of the Reform, Church, 
 Delta Kajipa Epsihm, and Democratic clubs. He was married, in 
 1865, to Lelia, daughter of William Bell, at om- time a New York 
 merchant, of the firm of Bell, Pace, Lavender iV: Conqtany, and has a 
 son — Dr. Gessner Harrison — and two daughters — Elizabeth :M.. wife 
 of Professor William H. Echols, of the rniversity of Virginia, and 
 Lelia Bell Harrison. Dr. Gessner Harrison is associated with his 
 father in practice, and at the same time is Sanitary Inspector to the 
 Board of Health of New York City. He Avas graduated from the 
 Medical Department of th<' T'niversity of Virginia in 1888. and served 
 several years on the House Staff of Charity Hospital, to wliich posi- 
 
 (IKOUOK TCCKKK HARRISON. 
 
41(5 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 tioii lie was appoiuted after a competitive examination. Dr. George 
 Tncker Harrison is a member of the family which has contributed 
 two Presidents of the United States. He is great-grandson of Ben- 
 jamin Harrison, of A'irgiuia. a Captain of the Patriot Army during 
 the Kevolution, and is the son of the late Professor Gessner Harri- 
 son and Eliza Lewis Carter. His father was eminent among .Vmeri- 
 can edncatois, fi-om 1S2S to lSo9 was Professor of Ancient Languages 
 in the University of A'irginia, and subse(]uently founded a noted 
 classical school at Belmont. Va. His book, " On Greek Preposi- 
 tions " (Philadelphia. 1848), and his '' Exposition of Some of the 
 Laws of Latin (irammar" (New York, 1852), were standard authori- 
 ties of their day. Dr. Harrison's grandfather, Professor George 
 Tucker, also of the faculty of the University of Virginia, was an in- 
 timate friend of Thomas Jefferson, a Member of Congress, a writer on 
 political economy, and one of the first to draw deductions from the 
 census returns, and published a " Life of Jefferson " and a " History 
 of the United States " in four volumes. 
 
 DOHEMUS, KOBERT (XiDEX, is one of the most distinguished 
 of analytical chemists and toxicologists, his investigations in toxi- 
 cology having effected a revolution in medical jurisprudence. His 
 testimony as an expert has been a determining factor in some of the 
 most famous criminal trials in the annals of this city. As one of the 
 editors of the Standard Dictionary he had charge of all the chemical 
 definitions. He entered Columbia College in 1838, was graduated 
 from the University of New York in 1842; was the first private pupil 
 of the late Professor John W. Draper, and becoming his assistant 
 in 1813, participated in several of his notable discoveries. In 1847 
 he studied chemistiy in Paris. In conjunction with Dr. Charles T. 
 Harris he established an analytical laboratory in this city in 1848, 
 while the following year he was elected Professor of Chemistry in the 
 New York College of Pharmacy. Meantime he also studied medicine 
 with Dr. Abraham Cox, and in 1850 received the degree of M.I), from 
 the University of the City of New York. That of LL.D. was subse- 
 quently received. One of the founders of the New York Medical 
 College and a member of its faculty, at his own expense he equipped 
 for it the first cheuiical laboratory attached to a medical college in the 
 United States. He performed the same service for the Long Island 
 Hospital Medical College in 1859. He has been President of the Medi- 
 co-Legal Society and President of the New York Philharmonic So- 
 ciety. He is a member of the New York Academy of Sciences, the 
 Union League Club, and the St. Nicholas Society. He is the son of 
 Thomas Cornelius Doremus, a merchant of this city, and Sarah Piatt, 
 daughter of Elias Haines, and granddaughter of Bobert Ogdeu, the 
 lawyer. His mother was a remarkable woman. She became, in 1842, 
 a founder and the first President of the institution for discharged fe- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW VORK BIOGRAPHY. 417 
 
 male prisoners, uow the Isaac T. Hopper Home, and subsequently 
 became the tirst I'resideut oi the Woman's Uospital, remaiuiuj;- at 
 its head until her death in 1S7T. I>r. Dnremus married Estelle E., 
 daughter of Captain Hubbard Skidmore, and a descendant of Cap- 
 tain John Underhill, and has a daughter and seven sous — Dr. Charles 
 Avery, Thomas (Jornelius, INdx-rt Ogdeu, Fordyce Barker, Austin 
 Flint, Clarence Seward, and Arthur Lispenard. Mrs. Dorenuis for 
 several years was Recent of the New York Chajjter of the I>au.L;liters 
 of the American iJevolution, and is now an honorary ^'ic•e-l'resident 
 of the National Society. 
 
 I)()TJE:\rrS, CHARLES AVERY, eldest son of Professor Kobert 
 Oi;(h'U 1 )(ircmus, the eminent analytical chemist, occupies the jxfsition 
 of Adjunct Professor of Cliemistn' in the Bellevue Hospital Medical 
 Colleiie, and tliat of Assistant Professor of Chemistry in the College 
 <d' the City of New York. From l.STT to 1882 he was Professor of 
 Chemistry in the Medical Department of tlie University of Buffalo, 
 and from that institution received the degree of ^M.D. In 18il() lie 
 represented the United States Government at the International Con- 
 gress of Applied Chemistry at Paris. lie lias been an original in- 
 vestigator and lias been called as an expert on chemistry into many 
 patent and other litigations. He was born in this city in 1851, was 
 graduated from the College of the ("ity of New York in 1S70, and, 
 having studied at both Leipsic and Heidelberg, took the degrees of 
 A.M. and Ph.D. from the latter university. He is a member of the 
 University and Delta Kappa Epsilon (dubs, and the Scientific Alli- 
 ance. He married, in ISSO, Elizabeth Johnson Ward, of Newj^ort, 
 Ky., and has a daughter. 
 
 MAKKOE, THOMAS .MASTEHS. one of th<' most .-minent medical 
 practitioners of New York City, was born in PIdladcdphia. September 
 13, 181i»; attended Dillingham's School. Pittsfield, Mass. ; was graduated 
 from Princeton College in ISSfi, and in 1841 was graduated from the 
 New York College of Physicians and Surgeons. He became Junior 
 Assistant in the New York Hospital in lS8<t, while a student in the 
 medical college, and Avith the exception id' a very brief period immedi- 
 ately after his graduation, he has been connected with this institu- 
 ti(m continuously since, a period of almost sixty years. I'pon his re- 
 turn to the hosjutal staff in 1842 he was appointed Assistant Curator 
 in the Pathological Museum, about a year later became Curator, a po- 
 sition winch he held for five years; was then made Lecturer on Patho- 
 h)gical Anatomy; from February :!. 1852. to April 5. 18i»2. was At- 
 tending Surgeon to the hospital, and since the latter date has been 
 Consulting Surgeon. He has been a member id' the faculty of the 
 New York College of Physicians and Surgeons uninterruptedly since 
 
418 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 ISdO. I'roui that ilate to 1871 he was Adjiuict Professor of the Piiu- 
 ci]>les of Surgery; from 1879 to 1888 was Professor of the Principles 
 of Suryery, and siute the latter date has been Emeritus Professor of 
 Surgery. In private practice he was long the associate of the late 
 Dr. Edward Delatield. and subsequently had for his own associate the 
 hitter's son. Dr. Francis Delatield. Prior to becoming a member of 
 the faculty of the New York College of Physicians and Surgeons, he 
 was for some years Professor of Anatomy in the Castleton (Vt.) 
 Medical College, and Professor of Pathological Anatomy in the Uni- 
 versity of the City of New York. He has been Attending Surgeon to 
 the Nursery and Child's Hospital, the .Mount Sinai Hospital, Belle- 
 vue Hospital, and Koosevelt Hospital, and at the present time he is 
 Consulting Surgeon to Mount Sinai Hospital, the Woman's Hospital. 
 Roosevelt Hospital, the (M-thopedic Hos^ntal, St. .Mary's Hospital, 
 
 Yassar Hospital, and the Nursery 
 and Child's Hospital. On April 7, 
 isiij. (iovcrnor E. D. Morgan ap- 
 ]ioint<'d liiiii a member of the Spe- 
 cial Corps of \'olunteer Surgeons 
 organized at the request of the Sec- 
 retary of War, and in this capacity 
 he was stationed at Fortress Mon- 
 roe, and later at Yorktown. On 
 3Iay Ki, 1s<;l', he was made a mem- 
 ber of the Board of Examiners of 
 Contract Physicians and Surgeons. 
 On June 1, 180:3, Governor Sey- 
 iiiunr ,i])poiuted him Yisiting Sur- 
 geon to the New York State Sol- 
 diers' Depot, at .■')(l-52 Howard 
 Street, as well as to the BaiTacks 
 Hospital in the City Hall Park. In 
 1S(J1 he was ordered to Fredericks- 
 burg and Belle Plain. He was for 
 some years Yice-President of the New York College of I'hysicians and 
 Surgeons. He was President of the Board of Trustees of Astor Library 
 from 1891 to 1895, when the consolidation was effected with the Lenox 
 and I'ilden foundations, since which time he has been a Trustee of the 
 cons(didated New Ycu'k I'ublic Library. He had been a Trustee of 
 Astor Library continuously since 18G3. He was one of the founders 
 of tlie ^Musical ("lul> in the winter of 1841-12. He attended the first 
 concert of the I'hi I harmonic Society, December 7, 1842, and has been a 
 sul>scriber during every subsequent season. He is a member of the 
 Century and University clubs, the Academy of Medicine, the County 
 Medical Society, the Pathological Society, the Surgical Society, the 
 Medical and Surgical Societv, and the Societv for the Relief of the 
 
 THUM.^S .MA.STKKS M.VKKllK, .M Ii. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 419 
 
 Widows aud ( trpliuus uf Medical Meu. lie Lias publislied a large uuiu- 
 ber of articles aud papers on vital aspects of surgical work, and is 
 the author of the widely kuowu " Treatise on Diseases of the Bones." 
 He was married, November 20, 1850, to Charlotte Atwell How. Of 
 Their live children one son died in infancy. The two suiwiving sons — 
 Dr. Francis Hartman Markoe and Dr. James Wright Markoe — are 
 both successful physicians of New York ('ity. The two daughters 
 are Charlotte How, wife of IJ. II. Kobertson, the well-knowu architect, 
 and Sallie Caldwell Markoe. 
 
 MAKKOE, FEANCIS HAKTMAN, son of The distinguished Dr. 
 Thomas Masters Markoe and Charlotte How, of New York, was 
 born in this city, Marcli 20, ISoli; 
 attended here I^yon's Collegiate 
 Institute, and Holbrookes ^Militaiy 
 Academy at Sing Sing; in 1S7(> 
 was graduated from Princeton Col- 
 lege, and in 1879 from the College 
 of Physicians and Surgeons of this 
 City, being one of the honor men 
 of his class. Fugaging in general 
 jn'actice, he gained recognition as 
 one of the foremost surgeons of the 
 younger generation in New York. 
 In 1880 he was on the surgical sTafl 
 of the New York Hospital; from 
 1881 to 1887 was Atteuding Physi- 
 cian to the Nursery and Child's 
 Ilosi)ital; since 1887 has been At- 
 tending Surgeon to Pelhnue Hos- 
 pital; since 1889 has been Attend- 
 ing Surgeon to St. Luke's Hospital, 
 and since 189.") has been CousulTiug 
 Surgeon To the Ortiiopedic Hospi- 
 tal. Identified with the teaching staff of the College of IMiysicians and 
 Surgeons since 1880. from that year to 1884 he was AssisTauT Demon- 
 strator of Anatomy; from 1881: to 1887 was Demonstrator of Anatomy, 
 aud since 1887 has been Clinical Lecturer on Surgery. For two years; 
 he was Assistant Inspector of Contagiotis Diseases to the Board of 
 Health of this city. He is a member of the New York Academy of 
 Medicine, the County [Medical Society, the Pathological Society, the 
 Pliysicians' ^lutuiil Aid Association, the Society for the Belief of tiie 
 Widows and Orphans of Medical Men, the Clinical Society, tlie Sur- 
 gical Society, and the Medical and Surgical Society. He is a mem- 
 ber of the Century, University. New Y(U'k Yacht. St. Andrew's Coif, 
 Meadow, and Medical clubs, and is a life member of the New Y'ork 
 
 FRAXCIS IIAIMMAN MAliKUK. 
 
420 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 (leographieal Society, the NeAv York Historical Society, and the 
 Hocietv for the I'revcntioii of Criicltv to Children. 
 
 MARKOE, JAMES WKKxHT, the younjier of the two sous— 
 both physicians and ^^urJi•eons — of the well-kudwn Dr. Thomas 
 Masters Markoe. of New York City, was born here In 1S(;2. and in 
 1885 was graduated from the Now York ('(dh-ge of IMiysicians and 
 Sui'geons. lie was admitted to tlic New York Hospital, on tlie sur- 
 gical side, and remained there for 
 eigliteen months. Snbse(inently 
 for six nnmths lie was connected 
 witli tiie Nursery and Child's Hos- 
 jtital. Coing abroad, he studied 
 in tlie I'rauen Clinic of Munich, 
 (ierniany. After liis return to New 
 Yorl< < 'ity he was for one year IJesi- 
 (h-nt riiysician of the Sloaue Ma- 
 leiiiity lIos])ital, this institution 
 Ifeing o]iene(l by him. ^^'ith others, 
 in IS'.KI he founded the Midwifery 
 l»is|Miisary. which, in 18!12, was 
 absorbed by tlii^ Society of the Ly- 
 ing-in Ilos]iital. Dr. ilarkoe has 
 been Attending I'liysician at this 
 ]ios})ital since 1S!I2. He is a mem- 
 ber of the Ncnv York Academy of 
 ^ledicine, the New York I'atho- 
 logical Society, the Society for IJe- 
 lief of Widows and ( )rphans, and the ( 'entury and Racquet clubs. He 
 was married, in lS!t4, to Annette B.. daughter of David ^^'etnlore. of 
 New York Citv. and has a daughter. 
 
 JA.MKS WRKIHT MAKKOE, M.l). 
 
 SEAMAN, LOUIS LI\'INCST()N. was graduated from Cornell 
 T'uiversity, from the -Tett'erson Medical College of rhi]adel])hia, from 
 the Medical Department of the rni\-ersily of New York, where he took 
 a post-graduate course in medicine, and from the Law Department 
 of the T'niversity of New York. He also studied medicine in the 
 Universities of Menna, Paris, and Edinburgh. He was four years 
 Resident Surgeon of the Emigration Hospital, Ward's Island, and 
 for six years was Ciiief of Stafl' of the RlackwtdTs Island Hospital. 
 He was a delegate to the International ^Medical Congress at Lomlon 
 in 1881, as he was to that at Berlin in 1893, and that at [Moscow in 1S97. 
 In 1898 he became Surgeon to the First Regiment of \'(dunteer Engi- 
 neers, with the rank of Major, and as sncli jiarticiiiateil in the invasion 
 and con(]uest of Porto Rico under General .Miles in the recent war 
 
EXCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BKJGRAPHY. 421 
 
 witli Sjiain. He is President of the Coiuell riiiversitv ("lull, and is a 
 member of the Calumet, Lotos, Phiyers", and Keforni clubs, the So- 
 ciety of Colonial Wars, the New York Academy of M(Mlicine. the 
 County Medical Society, the Society of Medical Jnrisjmnh'nce, the 
 Patholofjical Society, the State Medical Society, and the Medical 
 Union. He was the donor, in 1898, of the " "X'arsity Challenjue Cup," 
 the perpetual challenge cuji of the IJowinii' Association of American 
 Colleges. He Avas born in Xewburgh, N. Y., October 17, 1851, and 
 descends from the Seamans of Suffolk and Falmouth, England, being- 
 eighth in descent from the thst .Vmerican ancestor in this line, and 
 is also descended from tJie Livingston family of Scotland and Livings- 
 ton ilanor, being ninrh in descent from tlie first ancestor in America. 
 
 LUSK, WHJJAM THO.AIPSnX, one of the most eminent of New 
 York ]diysicians, held the Chair of ( )l)stetrics and Diseases of ^\'omen 
 and ("hildreu in tlie Rellevue Ilos]iital Medical ("(dlege from 1871 
 until Jiis death, June lo, 1S!)7, while from 1800 until liis death he was 
 President of the I'aculty id' tins famous college. He was Professor 
 of l*liysi(dogy an<l Microscopical .Vnatom_\ in the Long Island College 
 Hospital from 18(»!) to 1871, ami was Lecturer on Physiology in the 
 Harvard Medical College in 1870-71. The announcement of his aj)- 
 pointment as I'rofessor of Physiology in the Mediial School of Har- 
 vard College reached him a few hours after he had acceptiMl t he ( 'hair 
 of Obstetrics in I'ellevue Hos])ital .Medical College. He was a]i- 
 pointed Visiting Physician to the Nurseiy and Child's Hosjjital in 
 1870, and the following year became Obstetrical Surgeon to Bellevue 
 Hospital. From 1871 to 1873 he was co-editor of the New York J/cf//- 
 <-ii] ■foiiniii], with Dr. James P.. Hunter. He held the positions of Visit- 
 ing Physician to Charity Hospital, Consulting Physician to tiie Mater- 
 nity Hospital and to the Foundling Asylum, Consulting Obstetrician 
 to the Lying-in Hospital of tlie City of New Y'ork, Visiting Obstetri- 
 cian to the Emergency Hospital, and (Jynecological Surgeon to St. 
 Vincent's Hosjjital. He served terms as President of the .\uieiican 
 (lynecological Society, as Vice-President of the New York Obstetri- 
 cal Society, as President of the New Y'ork State Medical Society, and 
 as Honorary President of the Obstetrical Section of the Berlin Medi- 
 cal Congress. He was Corresponding I'ellow of the Paris Academy 
 of Medicine. Avas Honorary Fellow of the Obstetrical Society of Lon- 
 dim, was Houoraiy Fellow of the Obstetrical Society of Edinburgh, 
 was Corresponding I'ellow of the Obstetrical Society of I'aris, and 
 was Corresponding F(dlow of the Obstetrical Society of Lei])sic. His 
 famous work on "The Sciemc- and .\rt of .Midwifery," whi(di first 
 apixai-ed in ISSl, has jtassed tlirough four editions, and has been 
 tianslated into l'ren(di, Italian. Sjianish, and Arabic. Dr. Lusk Avas 
 one of the first to jiropound fli<' gei-m t iieoiy of disease, Avhich he did 
 in his ]iai>er on the ■• Natui-e, Causes, and Prevention of Puerjjeral 
 
422 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Fever," read before tlie Inteiiiatioiial Medical Congress at Philadel- 
 phia in 187G. He i)ublislied unmeruns important articles on gyne- 
 cology and obstetrics, with some on physiology, which he had made 
 a specialty at the beginning of his professional career. He married, 
 in 18GJ:, Mary Hartwell, daiigiiier of S. B. Chittenden, of Brooklyn. 
 Of his five children, two sons and two daughters survive him. The 
 eldest son. Dr. (Jrnham l.usk, is Professor of Physiology in tlie Medi- 
 cal Department of Vale University. The other. Dr. William C. Lusk, 
 is engaged in practice in New York City. The late Dr. Lusk was born 
 in Norwich, Conn., May 23, 1838, the son of Sylvester Graliam Lusk 
 and Elizabeth Freeman Adams. During the boyhood of Dr. Lusk his 
 father removed to New York City and became head of the mercantile 
 firm of Lusk, Lathrop & Company. Dr. Lusk attended Rev. Albert 
 t^pooner's school at Norwich, ('onn., Anthon's Grammar School in 
 Nev.- York City, and liussell's Military Scliool at New Haven. He 
 entered Y'ale College in 1 855, but was forced to leave at the end of the 
 first year on account of his eyes. But he subsequently received from 
 Yale the degrees of Master of Arts and Doctor of Laws. After a 
 year in business, finding his eyes still troubling him, he made a trip 
 to Cteneva, Switzerland, to consult the famous oculist. Dr. Maunoir. 
 He Jiad always taken an interest in chemistry and physiology, and, 
 after his stay at Geneva, he determined to study medicine. He spent 
 two years in medical study at Heidelberg University, and another at 
 Berlin. He returned to America to ^olunteer in the Civil War. He 
 refused an appointment on the staff of Governor Buckingham, of Con- 
 nc.-ticut, and enlisted with tlie Seventy-ninth Highlanders, New York 
 Yohniteers. He particii>ated in tlie first battle of Bull Bun, and sub- 
 sequently won the commissions of Second Lieutenant and Captain. 
 He was also Acting Assistant Adjutant-General. He commanded 
 two companies of troops in New York City during the draft riots of 
 1863. He resigned in October, 1SG3, and the following year was grad- 
 uated as valedictorian from the Bcllevue Hospital :\Ie(lical College. 
 Going abroad in May, ISGi, he studied four montlis under Sir James 
 Y. Simi)Son, of Edinburgh; spent six months in Paris; for four months 
 studied under Cai'l Braun at Yienna, and spent two months with Sei- 
 fert at Prague. Returning to America, he was associated in practice 
 for a time with Dr. Robert Hubbard, of Bridgeport, Conn. Between 
 1860 and 1873 lie was associated in practice in New York City witli 
 the late Dr. Fordyce Barker, a rehitive. 
 
 POLK, WILLIA:\r :\1ECKLENBURG, was Curator of Bellevue 
 Hospital in 1870; the following year was Assistant Demonstrator of 
 Anatomy, Bellevue Hospital Medical College; in 1875 was Lecturer 
 on Diseases of the Abdominal Organs, Columbia University; from 
 1876 to 1879 was Professor of ^Materia Medica, Therapeutics, and Clin- 
 ical jNIedicine, Bellevue Hospital :Medical College; from 1879 until very 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 423 
 
 recently was Professor of Obstetrics and J)iseases of Women and 
 Cliildren, University of the City of New Yorlc, and is now Dean and 
 Director of tlie Medical Dei^artnient of ( 'ornell University, as well as 
 Professor of GynecoloiJiy and Obstetrics in the same. He was oradn- 
 ated from the Virginia ^Military Institnte. under Stonewall Jackson, 
 in l^til entered the Confederate Army as a private, serving in the 
 artillery for the most part, and soon became Captain. He partici- 
 pated iTi all the battles and campaigns of New Madrid, Island No. 10, 
 Shilcli, Perryville, Corinth, Stone IJiver, Chickamanga, Meridian cam- 
 paign. North Georgia campaign, Hood's Tennessee campaign, and 
 others, and surrendered with the army at Meridian, Miss., in May, 
 1865. Coming to New York after the war, he was graduated from the 
 New York College of Physicians and Surgeons in 1SG9. He was 
 Visiting Physician to Bellevue Hospital from 1874 to 1882, and since 
 ilie latter date has been Visiting <!ynecologist. Since 1880 he has 
 been Visiting Pliysician to the Emergency (Lying-in) Hospital. He 
 occupied the same relation to St. Luke's Hospital from 1878 to 1888, 
 and since the latter date has been Consulting Ctynecologist. He has 
 been Consulting IMiysiciau to Trinity Inhrmary since 1878, as he has 
 been to the Northern Dispensary since 1881 and to St. Vincent's Hos- 
 pital since 1800. He has lieen Pirsidcnt of the New York Obstetrical 
 Society, as be has been of the American (Jynecological Society, and 
 has been Vice-President of the New Yoik Academy of Medicine. He 
 has written cliietiy on tlie surgery of the uterus and its appendages, 
 dealing mainly with probh-ms of abdominal surgery. He has contiib- 
 uted cliapters on these subjects to Keating ami Coe's " Clinical Gyne- 
 cology " and to the " Cycloi»a'(lia of Surgery." He has also contrib- 
 uted one of the standard works on the Civil ^Var in his life of his 
 father, the late Leonidas Polk, wlio was Lieutenant-General of the 
 Confederate Army, as well as P>islLop of Louisiana and tlie founder 
 of the University of the South. Dr. Polk also descends from the 
 famous Jonathan Edwards. His grandfather, Lieutenant-Cobmel 
 William Polk, of Raleigh, N. C. and liis great-grandfather, Cohmel 
 Thomas I'olk, of Mecklenburg, N. C, were both Pevolutionary sol- 
 diers, the first being Colonel of the Fourth North Carolina Continen- 
 tals, while the second commanded tlie Fourth Pegiment of Cavalry 
 in Sumpter's Brigade, South Carolina Line. Dr. Polk was born in 
 Ashwood, Tenn., August 15, 18-11. 
 
 PAGE, PICHAPD CHANNINt; MOOKE, interrupted his studies 
 at the University of Virginia to enter the Confederate Army, resum- 
 ing them at tlie close of the war, after a Virilliant military career. 
 In June, 18()7, he was graduated from the Medical Department of the 
 LTniversity of Virginia. In August of the same year he also entered 
 the Medical Department of the University of the City of New York, 
 from which he was graduated in the following March. He entered 
 
424 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Bellevue Hospital as IToiise Pliysician, having won first honors in a 
 competitive examination, and served tlie regular term. For some time 
 he held the position of District Physician under the ;^\'ew York City 
 Government, but subseciuently resigned to accept the position of 
 House Surgeon to the Woman's Hospital. He has been engaged in 
 private practice in New York City since 1871. Since 18SG he has 
 been Professor of Diseases of the Chest and General Medicine in the 
 New York Polyclinic. He was Honorary A'iee-Presideut of the Paris 
 Congress for the Study of Tuberculosis. He is a member of the New 
 Y^ork Academy of Medicine, the New York State [Medical Society, the 
 New York Pathological Society, and other medical associations. He 
 is President of the New York University Medical Alumni Associa- 
 tion, is Surgeou-in-cliicf df tlic New York Confederate Veteran Camp, 
 
 and is a member of the New York 
 Historical Society, the New York 
 Southern Society, and the N'irginia 
 Historical Society. He has jmb- 
 lished a '* Chart of Physical Diag- 
 nosis," a " Handbo(dc of Physical 
 Diagnosis," and "The Practice of 
 ^Icdiciiie" (18021, with i)amphlets 
 on " ^Metastatic Parotitis," *' Ty- 
 jihoid Fever," " Lead Poisoning," 
 and " Briglit's Disease of the Kid- 
 neys." He is likeAvise the author of 
 the "■ (Jenealogy of the Page Fam- 
 ily in ^'irginia," and a '* Sketch of 
 Page's Battery, Jackson's Corps, 
 Lee's Army." Born at Keswick, 
 All)cmarle County, ViX., January 
 2, 1S41, lie is the grandson of Ma- 
 i)K. RICHARD cHAXNiNG MOORE i'.\(iE. jor Caiter Page, of the Pcvolution- 
 
 ary Army, who was a cousin of 
 Governor Page, of Virginia. He also descends from Hon. John Page, 
 a wealthy merchant of England, of gentle blood, who settled in Vir- 
 ginia in the first half of the seventeenth century, and became a mem- 
 ber of the Royal Colonial ( 'oiincil ; as likewise from the latter's grand- 
 son, Hon. ]Mann Page, wlio, after Lord Fairfax, was the largest land- 
 owner in ^'il■giIlia, wlnle his mansion, •' Kosewell," was the most 
 elegant and costly residence in the Thirteen Colonies. Dr. Page's 
 mother was a daugliter of Francis Walker, of Castle Hill, Va., 
 and the granddaughti-r of Dr. Thomas Walker, the first white man 
 to settle in Kentucky. Colonel John Walker, Aid-de-camp to Wash- 
 ington, was lier uncle. Having graduated from the Univer-sity of 
 "S'irgiina in mathematics and Latin, and won honors in Greek, Dr. 
 Page left the institution to enlist, July 14, ISfil, as a private in Pen- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 425 
 
 (lleton's liockbridj^e Battery, attjichcd to (Jcncral f^toiicwall .Jack- 
 son's Brigade. He was present at the tirst battle of Bull Kiiu. By the 
 sprin<i' of 1862 he had risen to the raidc of Brevet ( 'ajjtain of Artillery. 
 Page's Battery was actively engaged at {'"redei'lcksburg, occupied the 
 front in the skirmish line at (Miancellorsville, and again was at the 
 front at Gettysburg, in the last-nientione<l battle losing thirty-two 
 officers and men within an hour. Captain I'age being himself dan- 
 gerously wounded. He was commissioned Major of Artillery, and 
 from October, 18()4, until the close of the war was detailed on the 
 staff of (ieneral .J(din (\ I'reckinridge as Chief of Artillery for the 
 Department of Southwest Virginia and East Tennessee. 
 
 BECK, CABL, who has been engaged in the practice of medicine 
 in New York City since 1882, was born in Neckargemuend, Germany, 
 April 4, 1S.">(>; was educated at tlie Heidelberg (tymiiasium, and the 
 Universities of Heidelberg, Berlin, and .b'ua, having among his teach- 
 ers Simon, Langenbeck, and Virchow; and, after five years in these 
 universities, was graduated from .Tena in 1S78. lie served his military 
 term in the celebrated Garde Corps at Iterlin. I?efore coming to New 
 York he was assistant to Dr. Hassfurther, a suigeou of repute at 
 Eibenstock, and to Dr. Lehmann at Dresden. He wrote the first text- 
 book on aseptic surgery published in the United States, and was the 
 first in this city to make surgical representations with the Roentgen 
 rays. He is I'rofessor of Surgery at the New York School of <'linical 
 Medicine, is President of the Medical lioard of St. Mark's Hospital, 
 is President of the Medical Board of the Sheltering Guardian Society 
 Oll^han Asylum, and is Surgeon to St. Mark's Hospital and to the 
 German Polikliuik. He is a member of the leading medical societies, 
 the German Club, the Arion Society, and the (iermau Charity Society. 
 He is the son of Wilhelm Beck and Soithia, daugliter of Carl Hocdder, 
 and is grandson of Wilhelm Beck, descending from a long line of 
 Lutheran clergymen. His great-grandfather, A. Blinzig, enjoyed wide 
 literary repute, and was Conncih)r of the 'riieological (_'onsistory in 
 Germany. 
 
 BLEYTHIXC}, GEOBGE DACBE, who has long been engaged in 
 the successful practice of medicine in this city, was born in ^Moriis 
 County, New Jersey, October 18, 1842, was educated at Trenton by a 
 private tutor, and was graduated from the New York College of Physi- 
 cians and Surgeons. He is a member of the Church Club and other 
 orgaidzations. He married ]\Iaria Howard, daughter of Kev. S. G. 
 Bullfin(di, of Boston, and Maria, daughter of Samuel Howard, of 
 Savannah, (Ja. Dr. Bleything is the son of tlie late Edmund 
 Langstreth Bleything and IMary Ward Tuttle, tlu- latter of a family 
 of Morris County, New Jersey, active in the Bevolntion; is the grand- 
 soTi of Jose])]i Dnckwortli Bleytliiiig and ^fary, daughter of Ca])tain 
 
426 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 .Tdlui Hughes, of tlie British Xavy, and is great-gTandsnn of William 
 Bleything, a landed gentleman of ancient lineage of Wrexham, Coun- 
 ty Denbigh, Wales. His grandfather, Joseph D. Bleything, became 
 proprietor of extensive paper mills at Manchester, Englan<l. but 
 established still larger mills in this country, at Whippany, ilorris 
 County, N. J., Paterson, N. J., and West Chester, N. Y. The first ma- 
 chine-made paper manufactured in the United States was the product 
 of the Whippany mill. 
 
 POOEE, CHABLES TALBOT, a leading specialist in the surgical 
 diseases of children, prepared for college at Dr. Dudley's School, 
 Northampton, Mass., entered Williams College in 1857, attending 
 until the beginning of his senior year, studied medicine with Dr. 
 Henry B. Sands, of New Yoi-k City, at the same time attending the 
 
 New York College of Physicians 
 and Surgeons, and in 18r>() was 
 graduated from this institution. In 
 August, 18G.J, he entered the surgi- 
 cal division of the New York Hospi- 
 tal, where he remained for two 
 years. He has since been engaged 
 in private practice in this city. 
 Since 1872 he has been Attending 
 Surgeon to St. Maiy's Free Hospital 
 for Children, and during the past 
 four years has been Consulting Sur- 
 geon to the Hospital for the Rui)- 
 tured and Crippled. He has fre- 
 (|uontly contributed to the medical 
 iomuals, notably on the subject of 
 diseases of the joints. He has also 
 published " Osteotomy and Osteo- 
 clasis for Deformities of the 
 Lower Extremities" (Appleton, 
 18861, and contributed the article on " Osteology '' in the " Reference 
 Handbook of Medical Sciences" (William Wood & Company, 1887 I, 
 and the article on "Diseases of the Major Articulations" in the 
 "Encyclopedia of Diseases of Children" (Lippincott, 1800). He is 
 a member of the Medical Society of the County of New York, the 
 Union League and Century clubs, the New England Society, and the 
 St. Nicholas Society. He married, in 1893, Helen, daughter of the 
 late Charles E. Talbot, of New York City. He was himself born in 
 New York City, October 14, 1839, the son of David Poore and Ann 
 Taylor Talbot. His grandfather. Dr. Joshua Po(n-e, was a lending 
 medical practitioner of Stratford, Conn. The founder of the ])ateriial 
 line settled in Newburv, ^Fass.. in tlie first half of the seventeenth cen- 
 
 CHARLES T.\LBOT I'OORK. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 427 
 
 Turv. A lumibei* of his descendants became prominent in Boston and 
 Newburyport. Dr. Poore's motlier was the daughter of George W. 
 Talbot, a well-known !Xew York merchant, engaged in the China 
 trade. Her grandfather was the famous Commodore Silas Talbot, of 
 the United f?tates Navy, during the Revolution. He also superin- 
 tended the building of the frigate Constitution and long commanded 
 the vessel. 
 
 BUTLER, GEORGE HEXRY, has successfully practiced medicine 
 and surnery in New York Citv for more than thirtv vears, and 
 tliKiughout the Civil ^Yar was a Past Assistant t>urgeon in the 
 United States Navy. He was born in Berwick, Me., May 31, 1841, 
 attended tlie High School of Great I'alls, N. IT.; Bowdoin College, tlu 
 University of Pennsylvania and the Bellevue Hospital Medical Col- 
 lege. He has traveled much abroad, and is a member of the Union 
 League Club, the Sons of the Revolution, the Military Grder of the 
 Loyal Legion, and the New England Society, together with various 
 medical societies. He married, in 1872, Henrietta Louisa Lawrence, 
 seventh in descent from Thomas Lawrence, of Long Island. Her 
 grandfather, Hon. Samuel Lawrence, was a member of the Assembly, 
 of Congress, and a Presidential Elector. Her great-grandfatlier, Hon. 
 Jonathan Lawrence, was a prominent merchant of this city. Major 
 in the Revolution, member of tlie Provincial Congress, and State 
 Senator. Dr. Butler is sixth in descent from Thomas Butler, who 
 was settled in Kittery, ile., prior to l(iUr>, and was of the English house 
 of Ormonde. His great-grandfather, Moses Butler, was an officer in 
 tlie Revolution. 
 
 SHRADY', GEORGE FREDERICK, has been tlie editor of the 
 Mv<]ivaJ RccnnI from 1866, when it was founded, to the present time. 
 A native of ye\y Y'ork City, he was educated in the public schools ami 
 Hie College of the City of New York; in 1858 was graduated from 
 tlie New York College of Physiciajis and Surgeons (Columbia T'uiver- 
 sity I, and the same year was awarded the luterccdlegiate Wood Prize 
 for proficiency in anatomy in Bellevue Hospital. In 1860, Yale Uni- 
 versity conferred upon him the degree of :Master of Arts. lie was 
 Resident Surgeon in the New ^'ork Hospital in 1857 and 1S5S, au<l lias 
 sustained official relations to many of the hospitals of the city since. 
 He is one of the managers of the Hudson River State Hospital for the 
 Insane; is Surgeon to St. Francis's Hospital; is Consulting Surgeon 1o 
 tlie New York Cancer Hospital; is Consulting Surgeon to the Home 
 for Incurables; is Consulting IMiysician-in-Ciiief to the Hospitals of 
 the Health Department of New York, and is Consulting Surgeon to 
 Vassar Hospital, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. He is a well-known writer and 
 authority on subjects connected with general surgery, and has a large 
 ]irivate iiractice. Dtiring tlie Civil ^Var he served as an army surgeon. 
 
428 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Up is tlie be>;t-kn(>\vn medical editor in Aiiienca. As Snriiical Patliol- 
 ojiist he assisted Di-. IJliss in tli<^ care of President (iartield after tlie 
 assassination by Gniteau, and rejtoited the results of the autopsy in 
 this case. He also attended (ieneral (Irant in the latter's last illness. 
 He was in consultation Avitli Sir Morell ^Mackenzie in conneition with 
 the case of the late Emperor Fredeidck of Germany. He is a member 
 of the :\Ietropolitan ( 'liib. He was born January 14, 1837. His father, 
 Jolin Shrady, was also a native of New York City. The latter was a 
 soldiei- in the War of 1S12, while 1 h: Shrady's jixandfather, likewise a 
 native of New York, served in tlie Kevolnrion. 
 
 LAN( {STAFF. JOHN ELIOTT, has been en.na^cd in the practice 
 of medicine in Brooklyn since December, 1884, and is physician to 
 St. John's Hospital, a member of the Kings County Medical Society, 
 and of the Brooklyn Gynecolojiical Society, a director of the Brooklyn 
 branch of the Co-operative Buildinu Bank, and a member of the 
 Church and Barnard clubs. He Avas born, Auji'ust 10. 18o(!. in Lang- 
 staff, Ontario, Canada, the son of John Langstaft' and Elizabeth Brett. 
 He descends from Dr. Henry Laniistaff. who emij^rated from Scotland 
 to New Jersey in 1<)!)7; from Kobert Brett. Hitih Sheriff of Notting- 
 hamshire, England, and from Sir George Augustus Eliott. Lord 
 lleathtield. the defender of (iibraltar. In the Langstaff family there 
 luiA'e been physicians for tive generations, and Dr. Langstaff has tAvo 
 uncles and tA\-o brothers avIio are physicians. He himself atten(h'd 
 district school up to the age of twelve, during the next four years 
 attended Richmond Hill (Jrammar School, and between the ages of 
 sixtecTi and tAventy-three attendtMl Toi-onto T'niversity and the To- 
 ronto (ieneral Hospital, lie studied and jiracticed for live years 
 with his uncle. Dr. James Langstaff, for one y<'ar Avitli another uncle; 
 Dr. LcAvis Langstaff", and for a year with Dr. J(dni Keid. Me spent 
 six months in stmly and hos])ital Avork in Edinburgh in 1882. and 
 then eight months in London. He mamed, November I'J, 1884, S. 
 Josei)liine iieredith, of New Brunswick, and has tAvo sons — John 
 Brett and BridgcAvater .Meredith Langstaff. 
 
 SMITH, AB]?A:\r ALEXANDEII, at tended the Coll-giate Institute 
 at Newton, N. J.; in 1878 Avas graduated from Lafayette College, and 
 in 1871 Avas graduated from 15ellevue Hosjiital Medical College. He 
 receiA^ed the degree of .Master of Arts from Princeton College in 1S81>, 
 and that of Doctor of Laws from Lafayette College iti \S'X\. lie was 
 Li'ctnrer on Therapeutics and Materia .Medic;i at the Bellevue Hosjatal 
 ^ledical College from 187(J to 187'J, and was Professor of the same in 
 this institution from 187<) to 1892. From 1802 to 1898 he Avas Pro- 
 fessor of the I'riiiciples and Practice of [Medicine in the Bellevue 
 Hosjiital [Medical College, and now holds this chair in the new insti- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF \E\V YORK BIOGRAPHY. 429 
 
 liitiou created 1m the tdusnlidalioii of tlie Bellevue Ilosjiital .Medical 
 Colleiie and the Medical Department of the New York I'niversity. He 
 was Atteiidinii I'liysiciaii in cases of heart and hmi;- diseases to the 
 Deniilt Dispensary from 1S73 to IST'.I, and was Assistant I'liysician 
 and Snriicoii to tiie'\\'oman's Hospital from 1874 to 1S7!». Jle has been 
 X'isitinii Physician to liellevue llosjiital since 1SS2, Consnltini; IMiysi- 
 <ian to (Jonverncnr Hospital since ISSS, and Consiiltinj; I'liysician to 
 ilie Hos](ital foi- llnptnrcd and Cripided since ISOO. He is a mendxM- 
 of the (Jrolier. Princeton, and /eta I'si chilis, the American ("limato- 
 logical Society, the .American Association of Physicians, the New 
 York Academy of Medicine, the County ^ledical Society, the New 
 York Clinical Society, and the New York Practitioners' Society. He 
 was horn in \\'anrai;c, Sussex County, N. J., March 2."), h'<47, and is the 
 son of James .Vlexander Smith and Mary .\nn, dau;L;hter of Isaac 
 Corhin. He descends from -Tohann Schmidt, who enniirated from 
 Holland to New Jersey about l(i4(l. Di-. Snntli was for eiiihteen years 
 associated in ]iii\:itc jiractice with the late Dr. I'ordycc Barker. 
 
 WY'LIE, WALKE^K (ill.L, well known specialist in jiynecoloiiv 
 and ab(h)nunal surgery, was iiraduated from the University of South 
 Carolina in 18<)7, came to New York City iu 1SG8, and in 1871 was 
 jii-adiiated from the Bellevne Ihispital Medical Colleiie. The position 
 <d' Interne of Bellevne Hospital, awarded on comjietitive exannna- 
 tiou during his course of study, he continued to hold for some months 
 after grailuation. He resigned in 1872 to accept a similar position in 
 the Woman's Hospital, also secured by competitive examination. 
 After Indding this position for eighteen months he went abroad and 
 made a s])ecial study of hospital management and nursing in hos- 
 pitals. After his return he attracted attentit)u by a pai)er on " Train- 
 ing Schools for Nurses," ])resented at the Cooper Institute. He took 
 a leading part in establishing the Bellevue Hospital Training School 
 in 1873, and has personally examined every one of its graduates since. 
 To his efforts is largely due the present system of training schools for 
 nurses in the United States. He also investigated hospital construc- 
 tion and sanitation, becoming an exjtei-t on the subject of sanitai-y 
 engineering. His " Hospitals, Their History, Organization, and Con- 
 struction " (187(>), still a leading authority, took the Boylston essay 
 l>rize of Harvard University. He has been engaged in general prac- 
 tice since 1873, and in 1877 became associated with Dr. J. Marion 
 Sims. He has been an original conti-ibntor to tiie develojtment of 
 al)donumil surgery. He has been Visiting (Jynecologist to Bellevue 
 IIos])ital since 1882. Since 1885 he has conducted a private hospital 
 for ])atients suffering from abdominal com]»laints. He is Consulting 
 Surgeon to the Seney Hospital of Brooklyn. His notable publications 
 in( lude •' The Influence of Inii'erfect Develoiiment," " Peritonitis, Lo- 
 cal and (ieneral," and " Salpingitis." He is a member of the Interna- 
 
430 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 tiuiial Amencaii aud British Gynecological !->ocietiL's, the Ameiican 
 Medical Association, the New York State Medical Society, the New 
 York County Medical Society, the New York Academy of Medicine, 
 the New York Pathological Society, the New York Obstetrical So- 
 ciety, the Northwestern Society, the New York Medical and Surgical 
 Society, aud the Physicians' Mutual Aid Association. He is a mem- 
 ber of the lleform, Piding, Manhattan, and Democratic clubs, and 
 tlie Southern Society. He married, in 1877, Fanny H., daughter of 
 P^dward A. l»:(\\s()n, a St. Pouis luci-chant, and has two daughters and 
 
 two sons. Mrs. ^^'ylie is of old Puri- 
 tan ancestry, and was a relative of 
 the late Oliver Wendell Holmes. 
 1 >r. ^^'ylie was himself born in 
 ('hester County, South Carolina, 
 September 2, 1848. His paternal 
 ancestors, of Scotch-Irish descent, 
 were long established in South 
 Carolina. His father, Dr. Alexan- 
 der Pierson Wylie, was eminent as 
 a ])liysician and surgeon. His 
 grandfather, Hon. Peter Kelsey 
 "NA'ylie, was for forty years Probate 
 ■Judge of Chester County, South 
 Carolina. His great-great-grand- 
 father was a Protestant religious 
 teacher, while two of his sons were 
 ])atri(it soldiers in the Revolution. 
 Through his mother, Juliette 
 Agnes, daughter of Robert Walker 
 (iill, merchant, of Lancaster C(mnty, South Carolina, Dr. Wylie is of 
 English descent. A brother, Dr. Robert Hawthorne Wylie, is asso- 
 ciat(Ml with him in practice in New York City. 
 
 UAl.KKK lill.I. W VIU;, M.li 
 
 DELATOUi;, HENRY BEECKMAN, well-known physician of 
 Brooklyn, received his education in the New York public schools, Co- 
 hindiia C(dlege, and the New York College of Physicians and Sur- 
 geons. Shortly after being graduated from the latter, he became first 
 House Surgeon to the ^Iet]u)dist Hospital of Brooklyn. In October. 
 1888, lie Avas made Assistant Attending Surgeon, being associated 
 witli Dr. George R. Fowler. In 1892 he became Attending Surgeon 
 to the Noi*wegian Hospital. He resigned his position at the Metho- 
 dist Hospital in June, 189(;, in order to become Attending Surgeon at 
 the Long Island College Hospital and at St. John's IIosi)ital. From 
 1802 to 1896 he was Pi-esident of the Red Cross Society, while in 1897 
 and 1898 he was President of the Brooklyn Surgical Society. In 1892 
 lie was delegate from the Kings Countv Medical Societv to the State 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 431 
 
 ;Medical Society. He is a member of the Kings County Medical So- 
 ciety, the Brooklyn Sni'ii'ical Society, the Brooklyn Patliolof;ical 
 Society, and the Physicians" Mutnal Aid Association, as he is also of 
 tlie Montauk, Crescent Athletic, and Brooklyn clnbs. He married, 
 October 10, 1895, Jeannie ^larie Peck, of Brooklyn. Born in New York 
 City, March 27, 18GG, Dr. Delatonr is the son of Albert Jonsseaume 
 Delatour, manufacturer of soda water, and Josephine, daughter of 
 -I. 31. J. Labatut, who was a well-known New York nimchant and im- 
 porter of hard woods. His paternal grandparents came direct from 
 France, while his mother's family was long established in this (tiuntry. 
 
 EMMET. THOMAS AI)1>1S. prominent ]iliysi(ian. of this city, is 
 also the owner of ene of the notable private libraries of the Cnited 
 States, valued at ^-'^'^•-"OO. and without a rival in its collection of 
 original manuscripts of the Bevolutiouary and early constitutional 
 periods. He is the grandson of the first Thomas Addis Emmet, of 
 this city, the hitter's second son. Dr. John I'atten Emmet, being his 
 father. Tliis gentleman was Imu'U in Dublin in ITUT, and died in New 
 York (/ity in 1842. He studied three years at West Point, studied 
 medicine four years under Dr. William J. 3IcXevin. was graduated 
 from the New York College of Physicians and Surgeons, practiced at 
 Charleston, S. C, from 1822 to 1824, and was long Professor of Chem- 
 stry and Natural History at the Puiversity of Mrginia. He was also 
 a sculi)1or of nu'rit. Dr. Thomas Addis Emmet was born in N'irginia. 
 .Alay 29, 1828, sludied with liis father, was graduated from the Jeffer- 
 son :\redical College of Philadelphia in 1850, and has since practiced 
 in this city. His long conneclion with the Woman's Hospital of the 
 State of New York has given him a unique pre-eminence in respect to 
 ilie number of gynecologieal cases treated by him or treated under his 
 oljservalion. His " Princi]des and Practice of (iynec(dogy" is a 
 standard in England. France, and Oermany, as well as the United 
 States. He has also published the '-Treatment and Bemoval of Fi- 
 broids," and other works. He was Assistant Surgeon to the 
 \Yomau"s Hospital from 1855 to 1802, Surgeon-in-Chief from 1802 to 
 1S72. and has been since Visiting Surgeon and [Member of thi' Board 
 of Surgeons. Hi 1897 he received the Laetare [Medal, annually be- 
 stowed u])on the most distinguished Catholic in America. He is a 
 member of the Catholic Club, and various medical societies of this 
 country and Europe. He nuu-ried Kate Duncan, and has two daugh- 
 ters and three sons — Dr. J. Duncan, Thomas Addis. Jr.. and Kobert 
 Emnu^'t. 
 
 WINTEKS, JOSEPH EDCH., was graduateil from Hiram Pierce's 
 School. Smithboro, N. Y.; l)egan the study of medicine witli Dr. 
 (ieorge P. Oady, of Tioga County, New York; in 1S09 came to New ^'ork 
 Citv, and in 1872 was graduated from the iledical Department <d" the 
 
432 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Uuiversitv of the City of New York. He then served a year as Tutor 
 of Auatoiuy in the University, when he was promoted to be Demon- 
 strator of Anatomy, a position in wliich lie continued until 1S85. He 
 was connected with Bellevue Hospital as House Surgeim in 1873-74:; 
 as House Physician in 1874-75; as Assistant Curator and Pathologist 
 from 1875 to 1871), and as assistant to Dr. Alfred L. Looniis in teach- 
 ing diaiinosis at the bedsides of patients from 1875 to 1884. In the 
 fall of 1875 he engaged in private practice, making a specialty of 
 diseases of children. In the summer of 1877 he prosecuted studies in 
 the hospitals of London, England. From 1881 to 1884 he was Lecturer 
 on Diseases of i'hildren in the ^ledical Department of the Univereity 
 of the City of New York; from 1884 to 1891 was Clinical Professor of 
 the same, and was full Professor from 1801 to 3Iay, 1898, when he 
 
 resigned from the faculty of the Uni- 
 versity of the City of New York to ac- 
 cept the Professorship of the Diseases 
 of Children in the Cornell University 
 .Medical School. He has been Visiting 
 Physician to the Demilt Dispensary in 
 the Dejtartment of Diseases of Children 
 since 1S82, since 1884 has been Con- 
 sulting Physician to the same depart- 
 UK nt (if the University Dispensary, and 
 since 1880 has been Consulting Physi- 
 cian to the same de])artnient of the out- 
 door service of Bellevue Hospital. He 
 is ^'isiting Physician to the Willard 
 Parker Hospital, to the Rivemde Hos- 
 I lit a I, and to the Columbus Hosi)ital. 
 In 1889-90 he was Professor of Diseases 
 of Cliildren in the Post-Craduate iledi- 
 cal School and Hospital. He devoted 
 the summer of 1895 to study in the children's hospitals of Europe, par- 
 ticularly those of France and Germany. His important jiajiers include 
 " Is the Operation of Tracheotomy in Diphtheritic Crouj) Dangerous? 
 When Slionhl tlie operation Be Performed?"; " Diplitlieria and Its 
 JIanagement: Are Membraneous Crou]i and Diphtheria Distinct Dis- 
 eases?"; "The Pelative Influence of Maternal and Wet Nursing on 
 jNIother and Child," and " Clinical Observations upon the Use of Anti- 
 toxia in Diphthei-ia, and a lleport of a Personal Investigation of This 
 Treatment in tlie Princi])al Fever I-I(»spitals of Euro]ie During the Sum- 
 mer of 1895." He is a I'Vllow of the New Y^'oi'k Academy of Medicine, 
 and a member of the Medical Society of the County of New York, the 
 Clinical Society, the American Pediatric Society, and the Society of 
 the Alumni of Bellevue Hospital. Dr. ^^'illters was boni in Minisink, 
 Orange County, N. Y.. .Tainiary 1 1. 1S50. His father, Jose]»l: Winters, 
 
 .JOSEPH EDCIL \VIXTEK.S. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF XEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 433 
 
 was a teacher and School (Commissioner in Sussex County, New Jer- 
 sey. His -ireat-grandfathcr. Dr. Wintei-s, foutilit in tlie Massachusetts 
 Line tlirouyliout the Kevohitiou, and shortly after its close emigrated 
 from Massachusetts to Orange County, New York. The founder of 
 the line, John Winter, emigrated from Enghnid in the early colonial 
 period, becoming one of the early settlers ot Scarboro, Mass. Dr. Win- 
 ters also descends from Thomas Quick, of Sullivan County, New York, 
 a noted Indian fighter. 
 
 EMMET, BACHE McE\'El{S, pronunent as a gynec(dogist, has 
 been Professor of tlu^ Diseases of ^^'om(Ml in the New York Post-( irad- 
 nate IMeilical School and Ilosjiital since 1884, and since 1S8'J has been 
 full snrgeon to the Woman's Hospital of the State of New York. He 
 is also (Jynecologist to the Columl)ia Ifos](ital. He has contributed 
 many valuable papers to gynecologiciil journals and textbooks, and 
 has devised many surgical instruments which have been favorably 
 recei\e(l by tlie profession. He has been I'lcsident of the New York Ob- 
 stetrical Society, is a member of the British (iyuecological Society, and 
 is a member of the leading medical societies of New York. He was 
 born in New York City in lS4:i, and is the grandson of the famous 
 Thomas Addis Emmet, the Irish patriot. On his mother's side he de- 
 scends from Laurens Janszoon Coster, who disputes with Gutenberg 
 the credit for the invention of the printing-])ri'ss. Dr. Emmet at- 
 tended jirivate schools in New York, Switzerland, and Paris, and in 
 1803 began the study of medicine in I'aris. Kctuniing to New York 
 in 1S()7, he was graduated from the Xi'w ^'ork College of Physicians 
 and Surgeons, while, beginning in I8(il(, he served eighteen months 
 as Interne in connection witii tli<' ^Vomau's Hospital, of which his 
 cousin. Dr. 'i'liomas Addis I-hnmet, was Surgeon. He lias jmblislied 
 " "{'he -Vbuse of Intrauterine .Medication," " Ketroperitoneal Cysts of 
 liie Female Sexual Organs," ".V Case of Extrauterine Fcetation 
 Successfully Treated by ( ialvanisni," "Laceration of the Cervix 
 Uteri," ''Amputation of the Cervix Ollcn Treferable to Attempts at 
 I{e|>aii'," •• (ijilvaiusm in (lynecology," ■•Oiillines of lUerine Tliera- 
 peiilics, Especially Massage and Electricity." " Bemoval of the Uterus 
 in Disease of the Adnexa : ArguuKMit in the Negative," and •' Injured 
 Ureters in Abdominal Surgery, their Care, with Report of a Case of 
 Anastomosis and Becovery." (See " Biogra])hy of Ephraim ^McDow- 
 ell, M. D.," Volume II., p]i. 108-(i. ) 1 M-. Emmet married Anne I'ratices, 
 daughter of tlie late .Judge Levinus ^Nfonson. 
 
 :MUNDE, PAUL EOBTl'X.VTUS. prominent as a gyni-cologisl and 
 consulting obsti^trician, was editor of the Ai)irricini Joiinitil <if 
 Ohslclricx from 1874 to 18!)2, has been Professor of Gynecology at the 
 New Voi-k I'olyclinic since 1882, Professor of the same in the Dart- 
 mouth ;Medical College, summer term, since 1882; has been Gyne- 
 
434 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 colonist to Blount F^iiiai TTospital since 18S1, auil Cousultinii' Gyne- 
 r()I()!;isr to Saint Elizabetii's Hospital sinie 1888, and to tlie Italian 
 Hospital since 18!)0. He aa'rs President of tlie New York Obstetrical 
 Society from 188(! to 1888; in 1884 was A'ice-l'resident of the Ameri- 
 can Gynecological Society, and in 1887 was ^'ice-l*^esident of the 
 British Gynecological Society. He is a fellow of the New York Acad- 
 emy of ^Medicine, a nicnilicr (d' the ^ledical Society of the Connty of 
 New York and of the German < Jynecological Society, and is Correspond- 
 ing Fellow of tlie Obstetrical SocicTy (d' Edinburgh, as well as of that of 
 Leijisic and tliat of Philadelphia. He is a member of the Union League 
 and Piding clnbs of New York, the Soiith Side Sportsmen's Club of 
 Long Island, and the Lanrentian Club of Canada. Born in Dresden, 
 Saxony. Seidembcr 7, 184(;, he is the sou of Charles ]\Innd('' and Bertha, 
 daughter of Baron von Hornemanu, at one time counselor to the King 
 of Saxony. His father, a political refugee, broiightlhim to this country 
 when he was three years of age. He attended the Boston Public Latin 
 School, and took his medical course in the medical departments of 
 Yale and Harvard uiuversities, being graduated from the latter in 
 18n(;. He was acting medical cadet in the United States Army dur- 
 ing six mouths in 18(!4. (Joing to Eiiroi)e in 18(J(I, he was that year 
 volunteer assistant surgeon on the Bavarian side in the war between 
 Prussia, and Austria. He was Battalion Surgeon in the Bavarian 
 Army, with rank of First Lieutenant, during the Franco-Prussian 
 M'nv. From 1807 to 1870 he was Kesident Physician to the Mater- 
 nity at Wurzburg. and ..Assistant to Scanzoni. the famous German 
 gynecologist. During the next two years he also studied in the hos- 
 pitals of Yieuua, Heidelberg. Berlin. London, Edinburgh, and Paris, 
 in 1871 taking the degree of Master of Obstetrics at Yienna. Since 
 1873 he has been engaged in practice in New York City. His contri- 
 butions to medical literature have been uumeroiis and important. 
 (See list of titles in " Biography of E]diraim ^IcDowell, ^I.D.," Yolume 
 II., pp. 'M\-'AX. I 1 >r Munch- married, November 11. 1873, Eleanor Claire 
 Hughes, (d' New Haven. Conn., and has two cliildrim, Bertha and jS'ata- 
 lie Morris. 
 
 BKISTOW. ALGEPXOX THOMAS, well-known surgeon of the 
 Borough of Brooklyn, was graduated from Yale University in 1870, 
 wlule the same year he was graduated from the Xew York College 
 of Physicians and Surgeons, connected with Columbia University. 
 Previously, in 1S0!», he had been graduated from the Polytechnic 
 Institute of Brooklyn. He was Interne for one year in the Kings 
 County Hospital, while for six years he was in the Out-Patient De- 
 partment of St. Peter's Hospital, Brooklyn. He was Assistant Sur- 
 geon to St. IMary's Hospital from 1892 to 1894, in 1894 became Surgeon 
 to the Kings County IIosi)ital, in 1895 became Surgeon to the Long 
 Island College Hos](ita]. and in 1890 Ix'came Surgeon to St. Jolin's 
 
ENCVCLOrEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 435 
 
 Hospital, lie was Assistant Dt'iuuustratni- of Auatomy in the Loug 
 Island College Hospital from 1888 to lN!t4. and was Demoiisti-ator of 
 Anatomy in the same from 18!t4 to ISilT. At the present time he is 
 Attending- Snrgeon to the Kings County Hospital, the Long Island 
 College Hospital, and St. John's Hospital, and is Consulting Surgeon 
 to the Manhattan Hospital and Dispensaiy. He is a member of the 
 Kings County [Medical Society, the Brooklyn Surgical Society, the 
 Brooklyn rathologiral Society, the Physicians" Mutual Aid Asso- 
 ciation of Brooklyn, and the New York State Medical Society. He is 
 also a member of the Hamilton Club. Dr. Bristow is the son of Isaac 
 Bristow and Charlotte Andrews, and was born in Richmond, England, 
 November 2!), 18.31. 
 
 ELLIOT, GEOBC.E THOMSON, formerly I'rofessor of Dermatology 
 in the New York Post-Graduate .Medical College, and now Professor of 
 ncrmatology in the University of Cornell 3Iedical College, is a distin- 
 guished practitioner in his chosen department of medicine. As a boy 
 he received instruction at home for ten years, aticnded St. .T(din"s 
 School, Sing Sing, N. Y., and in 1877 was graduated from Yale Fni- 
 versity. He was graduated in medicine from the University of Louis- 
 iana, having spent two years in the ('harity Hospital at New Orleans 
 He studied medicine in Paris and A'ienua from 1881 to 1881, and since 
 the latter year has been engaged in practice in New York City. He 
 was for ten years connected with the Demilt Dispensary, and for tif- 
 tei'U years with the Skin and Cancer Hospital. He is Consulting 
 Derniatcdogist to St. Luke's Hospital, as he is also to the (_'oluml)ia 
 Hospital. He has been a frequent contributor ou subjects connected 
 with his profession to medical journals and textbooks, tie is a mem- 
 ber of the Yale Club, the Dermatological Association, the Anuaican 
 Academy of JMedicine, the New York County Medical Society, the 
 New York Dermatological Society, the New York Society of l>erma- 
 tology and Syphilography, the Pathological Society, the Jledico-Chir- 
 urgical Society, the Physicians" [Mutual Aid Society, and the Hospital 
 Graduates Club. He was mariled, in 1802, to Jliss Eva M. Briggs, 
 of Bath, Me. He was himself born in New Orleans, La., December 
 20, 1855, and is the son of Andrew Foster Elliot, banker and Brazilian 
 <"onsul at New Orleans, and [Marie Antoinette Odile de Buys. Mis 
 ]iat<'rnal grandfather, after wluun he was named, was a merchant of 
 New York City, and a descendant of one of the settlers at New Lon- 
 don, Conn., in lCt(>^. His maternal gi'andfatlier, Pierre de Buys. Avas 
 a veteran of the War of 1812, and of French descent, his first American 
 ancestor being an emigre of 17J)o. 
 
 [MOOPE, WILLIA:\I OLIYEP, well-known New York specialist in 
 n|(lithalmology and otology, was born in Newtown. N. Y.. December 
 3. 1851, the sou of Cornelius Luyster [Moore and [Mary Ann Syers, his 
 
436 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 father's fiunily nnnin^ from Eniiland aiid his mother's from tlie 
 north of Iiclaml. lie attciidcil tlie Xcwtowii Aeadeiiiy, the (Jram- 
 mar School on 'rwciit y-si'vciith Street, New York, and the ("ollege 
 of the City of New York; in lS(i!t, at ei^iiteen years of a^e, hciiaii tiie 
 study of medicine ^vilh l»r. < iouycrneiir ]\[. Smith and Dr. Josei)h \V. 
 Howe, and in 1S~'2 uas uradnatcd from the New ^'ork Colli-yc of 
 I'liysicians and Sni-i;('ons. lie was foi' t\yo years Interne at the 
 Cliarit\' Hospital. In ISl'A he l)ecame Surjieon-in-cliief to the small- 
 pox and typhoid fever hos])itals on Klackwell's Island. From 1873 
 to 1ST7 he was Interne at the New York Eye and Ear Intirmary, and 
 from 1877 to 1887 \yas Assistant Surgeon to that institution. He 
 was Professor of Diseases of the Eye and Ear in the Medical Depart- 
 ment of the T'niycrsity »( ^'crniont from 1S8:5 to 1889; from 1887 
 
 to 18!):i tilled the same (diair in the 
 Woman's Medical Colleiie of the 
 New Y'ork Intirmary, ami since 
 1882 has hehl the same professor- 
 ship in the New Y'ork Post-Gradu- 
 ate^ ^ledical School and ITos])itaI, of 
 whi(di he was one of the organizers 
 and ( hartei' niembei'S. Since 1885 
 he has been \'isilinii- (>]dithalmie 
 Siirijcon of the Oridian Asylum of 
 the Protestant Episcopal Chttrch, 
 \( w ^drk<'ity. lie was Treasurer 
 of the New York Post-( Iradinite 
 ^ledical School and Hospital from 
 its foundation in 1882 to 1888. He 
 is a permanent member of the Medi- 
 cal Society of the State of New 
 York, and a member of the YIedical 
 Soiiety of the (bounty of New York, 
 the New Y'ork Academy of Medi- 
 cine, the Ne\\- Y'ork ( )plil lialmoloiiical Society, the .Vnu-rican ()]ih- 
 thalmological Society, the New Y(uk Physicians' Mutual Aid Asso- 
 ciation, the Society of the Ahimin of Charity Hospital, the Hospital 
 Saturday and Sunday Association, the Society of Yledical .lurispru- 
 dence, and the Republican ("lub. He is a frequent contributor to 
 medical journals, and with his treatise on "The Physiolo^cal and 
 Thera]K'Utic lOtfects of Salicylic Acid and Its Comiiounds," in 1878, 
 took the .Tose|di Ylather Smith Essay Prize of the New Y'ork College 
 of riiysicians and Surgions. He has also published "The Physio- 
 logical ami Thera]nMitic I'.lfects of the Coca Leaf and Its Alkaloid " 
 (1888), " Gouty and Kheumatic Affections of the Eye " ( 18!t3 ), " The 
 After Treatment of Cataract" (1898), and "Exophthalmic Goitre" 
 (1893). From 1SSS to 1S!»2 he \yas Editor of the ]'ost-(lra<lii<it(. He 
 
 \M1,I.1AM OI.lVKl; .MIKIKK, 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF XEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 437 
 
 contributed the article on " Herpes Zoster " to '• Wood's Handbook 
 of the Medical Sciences" (1S!)(M, and edited "Diabetic Affections 
 of the Eye " ( 1S!)4 ), and " Diseases of the Eye Occurring' in Aifections 
 of tlie Spinal Cord " (ISito). He married, in 1S77, Katlierine Under- 
 hijl, of New York City, and has a son — William Underhill Moore, 
 now a student at Columbia ruiversity. 
 
 rnVOK, ^V1L]JA.A1 IHCE, attended Dabney's Treparatory School 
 at I'rinceton, N. J.; in 187.") and 1S7(( attended \\'as]nn.uton and Lee 
 ruiversity; was at Princeton College in lS7(i and 1877, and in 1881 
 was yraduated from the New York C(dlei;e of rhysicians and Sur- 
 j;eons (Columbia University). He was House Surgeon to Ilellevue 
 Hospital in 1881 and 1882. The following year he became assistant 
 to the Chair of Surgery in the New York Polyclinir. In 188(i he be- 
 came assistant to the Chaii- of tiynecology in the New Y'ork I'olyclinic; 
 in 18',il became Adjunct-Professor to the same, and since 18!)(; has 
 been Professor of Gyiiecology. He was Surgeon of the Twenty-sec- 
 ond IJegimeut, National Cuard of the State of New Y'ork, from ISSS 
 to 1892, and in 1895 and 1890 was United States Pension Examiner. 
 He has been "\'isiting <Tynecologist to St. IClizabetli's Hospital, was 
 Y'isitiug Surgeon to the City Hospital fnun 18!)r) to 1898, and since the 
 latter date has been Consulting Surgeon. Born in Richmond, Va., 
 October 31, 18o8, Dr. Pryor is tlie son of Judge Poger A. Piwor and 
 Sara A., daughter of Samuel Blair Pice. He descends from the 
 Isham, Bennett, Cary, Randolph, Bland, Yates, Bacon, Poythress, 
 Blair, and Rice, or Rhys, families (d' \'irginia, all of them being branch- 
 es of old armiger families of England. He traces descent from the 
 Ap Rhys, kings of South Wales, and from the father of Lord Francis 
 P.acoii. 
 
 FOWLER, EDWARD P.VYSOX, engaged in the practice of medi- 
 cine in New Y'ork City for more than forty years, was Ikuii in C(dioc- 
 ton, Steuben County, N. Y'., November 30, 1834; received an academic 
 education; in 1855 was graduated from the New York .Medical Col- 
 lege, taking the first prize, and became the iiai-tiu'r in practice in 
 New Y'ork City of Dr. John F. (Jray and Dr. A. Gerald Hull. He 
 has been a fre(iuent contributor to i)eriodical medical literature, is 
 the author of several medical works, and has translated several from 
 the French and German. He has served on the staff of Ward's Is- 
 land Hosjiital for many years, as also on that of the Hahnemann Hos- 
 pital. He is a fellow of the N<'W York Academy of Medicine and a 
 member of the ]\Iedical Society of the County of New York, the New 
 York Neurological Society, and oilier medical oi-gainzations. He is 
 also a memlx^r of the Pinion Leagui- Club. The lionorary degree of 
 Doctor of ^ledicine was conferred upon liim by the Boai'd of Regents 
 of New Y'ork State, which body also ajipointed him Examiner in 
 
438 HISTORY OF THE GRPIATER XEW YORK. 
 
 Auatouiy in the tir.st Board of Xew York t^tate Examiners for confer- 
 ring medical degrees. Dr. T'owler was one of the organizers of tlie 
 New Yorlc County IToineopatliic Hocietv. He opposed the prejudice 
 among physicians against homeopathy. But when in 187S the adher- 
 ents of allopathy gave up their discrimination against the new school, 
 and the latter became the ones wIkj insisted upon discrimination, his 
 sympathies were reversed. He is the sou of Judge Horace Fowler, 
 of Htockbridge, Mass., and the grandson of Major Eliphalet Fowler, 
 a Kevolutionary officer. He descends from William Fowler, who 
 emigrated to Massachusetts in 1030, from Lincoln, Englaml. where 
 his family had been seated since the twelfth century. 
 
 WILCOX, JJEYXOLD WEBB. Professor of Clinical [Medicine in 
 the New Y'ork Post-<ii'aduate Medical School, and Therai)eutic Edi- 
 tor of the Aiiwricaii Journal »;/ I Ik Medical Sciences, is the son of 
 Colonel N'incent Weiss Wilcox, of this city. President of the E. & H. T. 
 Anthony Company, and was born in Connecticut, ^larch 29, 185G. He 
 was graduated from Y'ale in 1878, in Medicine from Harvard Univer- 
 sity in 1881, and having served as House Physician in several Boston 
 hos](itals. visited the hospitals of Vienna, Eilinburgh, Heidelberg, 
 and Paris. Beturning he was aitjioiuted House Surgeon to the Wo- 
 man's Hospital of this city; in 1884 became Clinical Assistant in the 
 New York Post-Craduate ^ledical School; in 188(i became Instructor, 
 and in 1889 was appointed to the chair he now occupies. He is also 
 ^'isiting• Physician to Bellevue ]Ios]iital. Lecturer at the Post-Grad- 
 uate Training School, and Attending I'liysician to Demilt Dispen- 
 sary. He edited l»r. Hale White's "Materia Medica and Thera- 
 peutics," and lias written nearly a hundred ^laiiers, some of which 
 have contributed to popularize apomoridiiiie. iiaidithaline, hydrastis. 
 cocillana. and cactus. He is Fellow of the American Academy of 
 Medicine, and a mend)er of the Noav Y'ork Academy, the Clinical So- 
 ciety, Harvard Medical Society, and Lenox Medical Society. He has 
 been a member of the Committee on Organization of Tammany Hall, 
 and is a member of the Harvard and Manhattan clubs, the New 
 York Society of the Sons of the Kevolution, the Society of Colonial 
 Wars, that of the War of 1S12. is a Companion of the Military Order 
 of the Loyal Legion, and a member of the Sons of A'eterans. being 
 Surgeon-General of the latter. 
 
 PABTKIDGE, EDWAKD LASSELL, a leading medical practi- 
 tioner in New York City, especially prominent in the department 
 of obstetrics, was graduated from the New Y'ork College of Physi- 
 cians and Surgeons in 1875, since which time he has been engaged 
 in private practice. He has held the positions of Adjunct Professor 
 in the New York College of Physicians and Surgeons, an<l Visiting 
 Physician to the New York Hospital, to tlie Nursery and Child's Hos- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY, 
 
 439 
 
 pital, to t\w Xew York Maternity Ilnsidtal, and to the 81<>an Mater- 
 nity Hospital. At present lie is Consnlting' I'liysician to tlie Xew 
 Yoik Hospital and to the Xew York Infant Asylnni. He is a Fellow 
 of the Xew Y'ork Academy of Medicine, and a member of the New 
 York State 3Iedical Society, the Practitioners" Society, and llie Xew 
 York Medical and Snrc,ical Society, as well as of the University and 
 Ceutnry clnhs and the Society of Colonial Wars. He is the antlior 
 of a standard •• Manual of Obstetrics," besides nnmerons contributions 
 to current medical literature, and is the American antlior of " N'errier's 
 ^lanual," devottMl to tlie science of ol)stetrics. He married. Sep- 
 tember 18, 1884, Gertrude Ed- 
 wards, dauiihter of the late Pi-o- ' 
 fessor Theodore W. Dwiiilit, tlie 
 famous founder of the Cohuubia 
 College Law School, and has one 
 child — Theodore Dwiglit Part- 
 lidge. Dr. Partridge was himself 
 born in Xewton, ^lass., September 
 27, 185o, the son of Hon. .Jose])]i 
 Lyman Partridge and Zibiah X. 
 Willson, and a descendant of Will 
 iani Partrigg, wiio enngrated IVom 
 Berwick-on-l he-Tweed to Ilartfoid. 
 Conn., in llilO. The families ol 
 Dudley, Strong, Dwiglil. Lyman, 
 and Huntington were among the 
 intermarrying stocks in Dr. Part- 
 1 idge's line. His fatlier, now a resi- 
 dent of Broolvlyn, was graduated 
 from Williams C<dlege in 182S, and 
 
 fo! many years was Collector of Internal Pevenne at Lawrence, Mass. 
 The well-known Colonel John X. I'artridge, of l?rooklyn, is a brother 
 of Dr. I'artridge. 
 
 EDWART) LASSKI.L rAHTKIIXJK. 
 
 BUERALL,FPEI)ERICK AUGUSTUS, inominenl Xew York phy 
 sician, attended \Yillianis Academy, Sto(dcbridge, Mass.; in IS.")!) was 
 graduated from Williams College, subsequently receiving the degree 
 of Master of Arts; spent three years in travel and study of modern 
 languages in Madeira, Messina, and the continent of Europe; in 1SX^ 
 began the study of medicine with Dr. I'^reeman J. Bumstead, of Xew 
 l^)rk City; for one year was a student in the Medical Department 
 of the TTiiiversity of the City of Xew Y'oi-k, and after two years in the 
 X"ew Y'ork College of Physicians and Surgeons, was graduated from 
 the latter in 1857. While a student he had served si.v months as 
 Interne in the Xew York Hospital, and after taking his degree he 
 was House Surgeon for one year in Bellevue Hos]iital. Since 1858 
 
440 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 he has been engaged in active practice in New York City. He was 
 Sni-geon to the Northern Dispensary from 185S to 1872; was Attend- 
 ing Physician to the Charity Hospital from 18G0 to 1808; from 1875 
 to 1885 was Attending Physician to the Presbyterian Hospital; from 
 1871 to 1881 was Attending Physician to the Xew York Infant Asy- 
 lum; in 1802 served in Virginia on the Federal hospital ship, St. Mark, 
 and at the present time is Consulting Physician both to the Presby- 
 terian Hospital and the Home for Aged, Respectable, Indigent Fe- 
 males. He is a Fellow of the New Yoi'k Academy of Medicine, a 
 permanent member of the American Medical Association, and a 
 member of the New York County Medical Society, the Physicians' 
 Mutual Aid Association, and the Alumni Association of the College 
 of Physicians and Surgeons. He is a member of the New York State 
 Charities Aid Association, a Deacon of the University I'lace Presby- 
 terian Church, and a member of the Society of the Sons of the 
 Revolution. He was the first to suggest the use of nitrite of amyl as 
 an antidote to chloroform (see New York Medical (jkizettc, June 11, 
 187(1 1. He has published •' Burrall on Asiatic Cholera " (New York, 
 1800), "Nitrite of Amyl as an Antidote to Chloroform" (1891), 
 " The Use of Dry Cups in Diagnosis and Therapeutics " (1889), " A 
 Case of Drowning with Resuscitation " (1891), " Coincidence of Cer- 
 tain Nervous Symptoms with Excess of Nitrate of Urea in the Urine " 
 ( 1870 ) , " Some of the Uses of the Hands and Knees Position " f 1874 ) , 
 "Entire Excision of the Os Calcis " (18701, "Concerning Medical 
 Ethics " (1883), " Some of the Uses of the Oleum Hyperici," " Are We 
 Likely to Have Any More Epidemics of Asiatic Cholera in New York 
 City? " ( 1895 I," The Treatment of P.right's Disease " ( 1887 1," Dissolv- 
 ing Views, Medico-idyllic " (1895), and " The Treatment of Alcohol- 
 ism by Suggestion " ( 1897 ) . He married, April 19, 1859, Mary, daugh- 
 ter of James Lee, of New York City, and has a son — Frederick Augus- 
 tus Burrall, Jr. Dr. Burrall was himself born in Machias, Me., Decem- 
 ber 13, 1830, the son of Frederick Augustus Burrall and ^Mary Jones 
 Bowles. He descends from William Burrall, who immigrated to Amer- 
 ica from London, England, in 1715. His great-grandfather. Colonel 
 Charles Burrall, was an officer in the Revolution. On his mother's 
 side he descends from Lieutenant Ralph Hart Bowles, also an officer 
 of the Revolution, and as well from the famous John Eliot, who came 
 to America in 1031. and became " Apostle to the Indians." 
 
 COE, HENRY CLARK, a leading New York specialist in gynecol- 
 ogy and obstetrics, was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, February 21, 1856; 
 attended the public schools of that city; in 1878 was graduated from 
 Yale, subsequently receiving the degree of Master of Arts; studied 
 three years in the IVIedical Department of Harvard University, and, 
 coming to New York, was in 1882 graduated from the New York Col- 
 lege of Physicians and Surgeons. He served a year and a half in the 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 441 
 
 Woman's ll()s])ital, and tlicii sjiciit a year in liospital stiidv in N'icnna 
 and other Enr()i)ean cities, in 1884 receiving- degrees from the IJoyal 
 College of Physicians and Surgeons of London. Since engagiiii; in 
 practice in New York City, in the fall of 1884, he has devoted liim- 
 self exclusively to gynecology and obstetrics. He has been connected 
 with the Woman's Hospital as Pathologist and Assistant Surgeon; 
 with the Presbyterian Hospital Dispensary as ( Jyn(^cologist; with the 
 New York Infant Asylum as Attending Physician, and with the New 
 York Cancer Hospital as Assistant Surgeon. At the present time he 
 is Gynecologist to the New York Cancer Hospital, Consulting Gyne- 
 cologist to the ^lanhattan Hosi>ital, Consulting Obstetrical Surgeon 
 to the Maternity Hospital and I'oundling Hospital, and Assistant 
 Gynecologist to Rellevtie Hospital. He was for ten years connectetl 
 with the New York Polyclinic as Lecturer on Gynecology and Pro- 
 fessor of Gynecology, and is now Professor of Gynecology in Bellevue 
 Hospital Medical College. Pie is Editor of Clinical Gijiiecolof/i/, and 
 has frequently contributed editorials to the leading medical journals, 
 as well as special articles. He is the author of monographs in 
 "Wood's Reference Handbo(d<," "The American System of Gyne- 
 cology," and "The American System of Surgery." He is a member 
 of the Medical Society' of tlie County of New York, the NeAV York 
 Academy of Medicine, the Clinical Society, the Obstetrical Society, 
 the Harvard ^ledical Society, the Physicians' Mutual Aid Associa- 
 tion, the New York State Jledical Society, and the American (Jyne- 
 cological Society. He is also a member of the Military Order of I'or- 
 eign Wars, the Society of I'ounders and Patriots of America, the 
 Society of Mayflower Descendants, the Society of Colonial Wars, the 
 Society of the Sons of the Revolution, the Society of the War of 
 1812, the Yale and the Harvard clubs, and the Madison Avenue 
 Reformed ('hurch. He was married, September 7, iss2, to Sara Liv- 
 ingston W^orden, of Brooklyn, a cousin of Admiral Worden, of the 
 United States Navy, and has three sons — Fordyce Baker Coe, Henry 
 Clark Coe, Jr., and Arthur Paul Coe. Dr. Coe himself descends on 
 both sides from old and well-known Rhode Island families. His 
 father, the late Erastus Pease Coe, for twenty years a sea capt^iin, 
 subsequently engaged successfully in business in Cincinnati, Ohio, 
 where he reside(l from 1848 until his death in 1874. Dr. Coe's grand- 
 father, Adam Coe, served with distinction in the War of 1812, having 
 command of Fort Adams, in New]iort Harbor. His maternal grand- 
 father. Rev. Arthur Ross, was a Baptist clergyman of Newport, R. I., 
 and distinguished as an abolitionist. His maternal great-gra ml father, 
 Nathaniel Cook, served in the American Navy under Captain John 
 Paul Jones during the Revolution. Dr. Coe also descends from Rob- 
 ert Coe, who emigrated to New England from Staffordshire, England, 
 in 1G34, and from the famous John Alden, of th(> Mayflower. 
 
442 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 :M0KT{1S. T^OREHT TT'TTLE, well-knowu surgeon of New York 
 ViXy, was boiu iu fSeyuiour, Coun., May 14, 1857, the son of lion. 
 Luzon Bun-itt Morris, Governor of Connecticut, and Eugenia Laura 
 Tuttle. lie attended the Hopkins Grammar School of Xew Llaven, 
 Gonn., and ('ornell University, and in 1882 was gradimted from the 
 New Yoi-k Colh^ge of I'liysicians and Surgeons. During the next two 
 years lie Avas a mcmlx'r of the House Staff of Bellevue Hospital, after 
 which he devoted himself to work iu various European clinics until 
 188(). Since the latter date he has been engaged in practice in X<mv 
 York City. lie is Adjunct Professor in the Xew York Post-Graduate 
 iledical College and llosjiital, and is a fellow of the New York 
 Academy of Mediciiu' and the American Association of Obstetricians 
 and Gynecologists, and a member of the American [Medical Asso- 
 ciation, the New York State Medi- 
 cal Society, the Medical Society of 
 tlic Counly of Xew York, Bellevue 
 Hospital Alumui Association, the 
 College of Physicians and Sur- 
 geons Alumni Association, the 
 Physicians' ^iutual Aid Associa- 
 tion, the New York Medical Union, 
 the American Gcograiihical So- 
 ciety, the Linnean Society of Nat- 
 ural History, the Sons of the Revo- 
 lution, the New England Society, 
 Corupll Alumni Association, and 
 tin* Cornell University and .Mjiha 
 Delta Phi clubs. He has been espe- 
 ciall,v prominent in the movements 
 toward the adoption of scientific 
 antisejitic mctliods in wound treat- 
 ment and immediate operation in 
 appendicitis cases. His brochure, 
 '' How \Ve Treat Wounds To-day," liad a large sale, and was esi)e- 
 cially effective in reaching those far removed from tlie metro])olitau 
 centers. The report of his studies upon the nature of appendicitis, 
 l)resented at the meeting of the Pan-American IMedical Congress in 
 1893, was accepted as authoritative in this country and Europe. His 
 '• Lectures on Appendicitis '" is used as a textbook in medical colleges. 
 He has pnblislicd various monograidis. He is also the author of 
 " llojikins Pond," a work of sjiecial int(M-est to uaturalii-ts and sports- 
 men. He was married, in 18!I8, to Mrs. Aim<''e J. ( Keynand) Maserque, 
 of New Yorlv < "itv. 
 
 ROBERT TCTTLK. MdURI.S, 
 
 ]5AC()N, G()BHA:\1, having attended private scliools in New York 
 <'ity, was graduated from Harvard College in 1 87.", and from liellevne 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 443 
 
 Hospital Medical Colleiie in 187S. I'miii 1877 to 1879 he- served as 
 Assistant and Honse kSni-L^eon of liellevue Hospital, and then went 
 lo En]o])e, sei-vinsj,' several niontlisas Interne in the Rotunda Ilosiiital, 
 Dublin, and subseciueutly studying.; in London and 'Vienna. In the 
 fall of ls,so he enjiajied in private practice in Xew York City, makini^- 
 a sjtecialty of diseases of the ear. He was Assistant Demonstrator of 
 Anatomy in the Bellevue lTos]iital ;\Iedical ("oilene from 1880 to 1SS2, 
 and since the latter date has been Aural Surgeon to the New York Eye 
 and Ear Intirmary. In ISS.j and ISSfi he was Lecturer on Diseases of 
 the l^ar in the New Y(U'k Polyclinic. I'rom ISIX) to 180-1 he was 
 l'i( sident of the American ()tolo;L;ical Society, lie is now Consullinu 
 Aural Snrt^eon to the New York Orthopedic Dispensary and IIosi>ital. 
 as he is also to the IIos]ntal for Scarlet Fever and Diphtheria Patients. 
 He was for some time Professor of ()toloyy in the New York Univer- 
 sity 3Iedical College, l)ut recently resiiiued this chair to accei)t the 
 Professorship of Otoloiiy in the recently oriianized Cornell Pniversity 
 Medical C(dlei;e in Xew York City. He has freciuently contributed 
 III medical journals on his specialty, and is now en!j,a;iied upon a 
 ■• 31anual of Otology" for the use of his students. He is a member 
 of the ]\Ietrop(ditan. Century, Har\ar(l, Cnivcn'sity, and KnoUwood 
 clubs, and of the Medical Society of the County of New York, tlu^ New 
 York State Medical Society, the Academy of Medicine, the American 
 Otoloiiical Society, the New York Otological Society, the Physicians" 
 Mutmil Aid Association, the Society for the lielief of AYidows and 
 Or]ilians of Medical Men, and the Society of the Alumni of Bellevue 
 Hospital. He married, in 1881, Miss Bessie Simpkins, of Brooklvn, 
 and has three daui^hters. IL^ was himself born in N<'AV Yoi-k City, 
 October 13, 1855, and is the son (d' Daniel (L Bacon, now a retired 
 mercbant of New York, who was lon.ii' prominent in the East In- 
 dia trade. The first paternal ancestor settled at Barnstable, Mass., 
 ill l(i:>'.i. Dr. Bacon's mother, Mnvy Dwiii'ht Flint, sister of the late 
 Dr. Aiisliii Flint, is a descendant o(('olonei \\'illiam ITenshaw. of the 
 i;c\dliit ion. 
 
 ALDEKTON, HENRY' ABNOLD. attended the Brooklyn Polytech- 
 nic Institute and Columbia College, and in 1885 was graduated from 
 I lie College of Physicians and Surgeons of New York, subsequently 
 spending a year in post-graduate work in the Out-patient Depart- 
 ments of Bellevue and Koosevelt hos]>itals. He then became House 
 Surgeon in St. Joseph's Hospital, Paterson, N. -L, and later was en- 
 gaged in general practice for three years in Brooklyn. A part of 
 ISOO and 1801 was spent in Germany, at the University of Berlin, 
 since which time he has practiced in Brooklyn as a s])ecialist on ear 
 diseases. He is nov^- ,Viiral Surgeon to the Brooklyn Eye and Ear 
 Hospital, as he is also to the Rushwick Hospital and to the Bushwick 
 and lOast Piidoklyn Dispensary. He is likewise Yisiting Otologist to 
 
444 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 till- Home for Friendless Woiueii and riiildren, ;nid Assistanl to the 
 Chair of Otology at the l>on.u Island Medical College. He is a member 
 of the New York Otological Society, associate inemher ol the 
 American Otological Society, and a member of the Aurora (irata Club, 
 the Church Club of the Diocese ut Long Island, and of Anglo-Saxon 
 Lodge, F. and A. ^L He married, in 1S85, Marion Stair Decker, and 
 has three children, Dorothy M., Barbara, and Henry Arnold Alder- 
 ton, Jr. He was himself born in Xe\^- York City, December 28, 18C3, 
 the sou of Henry Alderton, a New York merchant. Both of his jjar- 
 ents were natives of Sussex Couiitv. England. 
 
 m 
 
 THOMSON, WILLIA.M 11 ANNA, was graduated from Wabash Col- 
 lege, Crawfordsville. Ind.; spent the next six years in extensive ti'av- 
 els in Syria and Egypt, and in study of the Arabic language and liter- 
 ature; entered the Albany Medical 
 College in 18.~>(), and was graduated 
 in 185'.). During the next two years 
 he was Assistant Physician in the 
 Quarantine Hospital on Staten 
 Island. In 18(52 he engaged in 
 practice in Xew York City. Dur- 
 ing the Civil War he was ap- 
 ])ointed Xew York State Inspector 
 to re-examine recruits for the arany, 
 and was subsequently made 
 T'nited States Surgeon of the 
 Board of Enrollment of the Ninth 
 District. After the war he was 
 aiqtointed Professor of Materia 
 ]\Iedica and Therapeutics in the 
 University Medical College. He 
 w^as also appointed Physician to 
 Charity Hospital, now the City Hos- 
 pital, and for five years was Chair- 
 man of the Connnittee of Inspection of the Blackwell's Island institu- 
 tions. He has been IMiysician to Boosevelt Hospital since 1870, and has 
 been Physician to Bellevue Hospital for a still longer period. He is 
 a member of the principal medical societies, and has written on 
 medical and scientitic subjects, and contributed articles on Oriental 
 life and literature. He received the degree of Master of Arts from 
 Wabash College in 1857, and from Y'ale University in 1865. and the 
 degree of Doctor of Laws from the New York LTniversity in 1885. He 
 attended the first meeting to organize the New Y'ork Civil-service Re- 
 form Association in 1878, and has been a member of its Executive 
 Committee continuously since. Dr. Thomson was born at Beyrout, 
 Svria. November 1. 1838. the son of Rev. William MacClure TIkuu- 
 
 WII.LIAM HANXA THOMSON. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 445 
 
 sun, 1>.I).. ami Eliza Nelson Ilanua. Jlis fatlicr \\as for iiiaiiy years a 
 missionary in Syria, fonuded tlie Syrian Protestant (Jollege at Bey- 
 ront. and was The anthor of " The Land and the Book." Dr. Thom- 
 son's <j,reat-,L;randfather, James Thomson, was born in (Glasgow, Seot- 
 hmd. remo\ed to Belfast, Ireland, and emigrated thence to ^^'estern 
 Pennsylvania in 172(1. 
 
 SKENE, ALEXANDER JOHNSON CIIALMEBS, eminent phy- 
 sician of Brooklyn, was born in Fyvie, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. June 
 17, INoS, and is a descendant nt the Skene s of I'arish Skene, Aber- 
 <leenshire, where they have been seated for nearly nine centuries, lie 
 was (^lucated in Aberdeen, and, at the age of ninetei-n, removing to 
 America, continued his studies in the University of Michigan from 
 1861 to 1862, and was gradimted from the Long Island College Hos- 
 pital and Medical School in 1863. He was immediately aiipointed 
 assistant to Dr. Austin I'lint, Professor of the Institutes and Practice 
 of Medicine and Clinical Medicine. During the Civil War he entered 
 the Cuiou Army, serviiig as Assistant Surgeon at De Camp's Hos- 
 pital, David's Island, in 1863, and as Assistant Surgeon at Port Poyal 
 and Charleston Harbor, S. C., in 1864. Returning he was appointed 
 Adjunct Professor and Instructor in Long Island Meilical College iu 
 I860, and has since been engaged in i)rofessional labors in Brooklyn. 
 As a member of General ^Molineux's staff, and Surgeon of the Second 
 Division, National (Juard of New York, he instituted the aml)ulance 
 cori)S system, since generally adojtted by the National (imird. He 
 became Assistant to the Chair of obstetrics in the Long Island Col- 
 lege Hospital in 1866, Physician to the liosi)ital in 1S(;6, Instructor in 
 Clinical Obstetrics in 1867, Instructor in Clinical Obstetrics and Dis- 
 eases of Women and Children in 1868, Professor of Diseases of Wom- 
 en and Clinical Obstetrics in ISCit, Professor of the ^Medical and Surgi- 
 cal Diseases of Women and <'linical Obstetrics in 1870, Professor of 
 the Medical and Surgical Diseases of Women and Diseases of Children 
 in 1876, Professor of :\ledical and Surgical Diseases of Women in 18S1!, 
 Surgeon to the Hospital in 188."), Dean of the Faculty in 18.'<6-18"J3, and 
 President of the College in 1803. He also occuitied the Chair of Gyne- 
 cology. He has been Professor of Gynecology in the New York Post- 
 Graduate Gynecological School of the Kings County Medical Society. 
 He is a member of the New York Obstetrical Society, and is corre- 
 sijonding member of the British, Boston, and Detroit Gynecological 
 societies, as w(dl as of gynecological societies of France, Germany, 
 and Belgium. From 1886-1887 he was President of the American 
 Gynecological Society. In 1801-1892 he was President of the Brooklyn 
 Gynecological Society. In 1803 he became Consulting gynecologist to 
 the Kings County Hospital. His " Treatise on the Diseases of Wom- 
 en " is an accei)ted authority. He has also ]iublislie(l maiiv mouo- 
 gra]ihs, articles, lectures, and addresses. 
 
446 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 WKIHT, JAin^llS kSHEKMAN, pruuiineut physician of Brooklyn, 
 is a descendant of Tlionias A\'i,nlit, an eniipant from the Isle of Wiiiht 
 about 1(!35. He was born at < Vntreville, Allegany County, N. Y., Jan- 
 uary 4, 1834. In 1861 he was -raduated from Tufts College. Attend- 
 ing lectures at the College of I'hysicians and Surgeons, New York, 
 and at the Long Island ('ollege Hospital, he was graduated from the 
 latter institution in 1804. Tufts College conferred on him, in 1882, 
 the degree of Master of Arts, and in 1804 that of Doctor nf Laws. He 
 is a member of the Kings County Medical Society, the Urooklyn Surgi- 
 cal Society, the Society of ^Icdical -Tui isprudence and State Medicine, 
 City of XeAV York, the Medical S(jciety of the State of New York, the 
 American Medical Association, the American Academy of iledicine, 
 the American Surgical Association, and the British Medical Associa- 
 tion. He was Assistant Surgeon, by cnnlract, in the T'nited States 
 Army, and in tJie Long Island College Ibispiial was Adjunct Surgeon, 
 Assistant Sui'gcou, Professor of Materia Med ica and Therapeutics, Reg- 
 istrar of the College, and Professor of the Princiides and Practice of 
 Sui'gery and Clinical Surgery. He is Msiting Surgeon to the Long 
 Island College Hos])iral, Professor of Operative and Cliincal Surgery, 
 and Dean of the Faculty. He is Consulting Surgeon to Saint [Mary's 
 Hosiutal and the Eastern District Hos])i1al. He has invented an ai't- 
 ery forceps, a forcei)S aneurism needle, a self threading needle ada])te<l 
 to closing abdonunal wounds, a pressure force])s f(U- arresting hem- 
 orrhage, a beaked knife for ojiening the sheaths of blood vessels, an 
 ether inhaler, a bone drill, a pile clamp and liysterectomy clamp, ami 
 an instrument to facilitate enteropathy. He has published: "Short- 
 ening of the Lower Limb After Fracture of the Femur," •' Lecture on 
 Injuries o( the Arm and I'orearm,"" "Structure and Inunction of the 
 Upper End of the Femur," " Kelations of llygieiu' to Practical Medi- 
 cine," "Inequalities in the Lengths of the Lower Limbs Before and 
 After Fracture of the Femur," " Several Papers Showing the Difl'er- 
 ence in Brain Develojnnent of Educated and Uneducated Men and 
 AYomen," " The Inrotators of the Thigh and Tliree Cases of Injury to 
 the Hip," '' Have Surgeons Been Mistaken as to tlie Natures of Frac- 
 tures of the Base of theEadius? "; " The Displacements of the Femoral 
 Fragments, etc."; " Fracture (d' the Neck of the Feunir." '■ The Devia- 
 tions of the Heads of Confirmed Inebriates ;iiid Incuiable Epileptics, 
 etc."; " Dislocation of the Sjjine, etc."; " A Plea tor the Treatment of 
 Ciiminals," " Sub-pubic Dislocatiims of the Femur," " Structuic of the 
 Os(\alcis, etc."; " Fracture- of the Femur Near the Knee-.Toint," " Dislo- 
 cation of the Carpus," " Tavo Cases of Dislocation of the Asiragalus," 
 "The Death Penalty," "A Case of Oesoi>liagdtomy," "On Exsection 
 of the Knee-joint," " On the Value of Internal Treatment in IMalig- 
 nant Disease," "Ten Cases of Anchylosis of the Elbow-Joint," "An 
 TiHluiry into the Structure of the Albumen ^lolecule," " Treatment of 
 Cancer of the Breast." Annnig the pa]K'is in book form may be men- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF XEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 447 
 
 tioned: " A Treatise on .Myddynainics," " A .Mcuupiial of Frank llari- 
 iiitis Hamilton, ^f.!)."'; "Suggestions to the JMedical Witness," "A 
 .Aleniorial of Orlando Williams ^^'igllt, A.M., :\r.D." lie married, Jan 
 narj \), ISTI, ^lary. dauglitei' of .Tose])li ('enter, and has three sons. 
 The eldest, Joseph ("< uter, is a hiw.ver; the second, Jarvis Sherman, Jr., 
 is a ]>hysi(ian; the youngest Carol \'an Unren, has not yet finished his 
 edueation. 
 
 SATTEKLEE, FKAXCIS LE KOY, received his general education 
 in the New York public schools and the TTniversity of the City of New 
 York; in 1S(J8 was graduated from the Medical Department of that 
 University, having also served in Bellevue Hospital, and was awarded 
 the Mott nn^dal for Y>roficiency in surgery, (ioing abroad he studied 
 in the leading hospitals of England 
 and France and with Sir Joseph 
 Lister, Sir James Y. Simpson, I'l-o- 
 fessor John Hughes Bennett, and 
 Sir Erastus Wilson. Iieturuing to 
 Xew York he engaged in general 
 ]iractice, at the same time x>ursuing 
 researches in the Department of 
 Tlieraiieutics and Chemistry, and 
 beconung the assistant of Professor 
 John AY Diaiier. The degrees of 
 Bachelor of Philosophy and Doc- 
 tor of Philosophy were received 
 from the University of the City of 
 New York. During this perio<l he 
 was Surgeon of tlie Eigthy-fourth 
 IJegimeut, National Cuard, witli 
 the rank of Maj(n'. He was [Medical 
 Director of two insurance conipa- 
 ni( s, and was Attending Pliysician 
 to tM'o dispensaries. Vov sixteen 
 years he was medical ofticer of the 
 
 Police Department, and in Ids caiiacity as a medicodegal expert was 
 retained for a number of years as adviser to the Corporation Counsel. 
 Since ISdO he has been Profi^ssor of Chenustry, Materia 31edica, and 
 Therapeutics in the Xew Yoik (Ndlege of Dentistry. He was the first 
 Professor of Chemistry in the Ann>rican Yeterinary College. He is 
 now Attending Physician of St. ]-]lizabeth's Hospital, and Consult- 
 ing Physician of the Midniglit Mission, lie is a trustee and Treasurer 
 of the Xew York College of Dentistry, a trustee of the American 
 N'eterinary College, and a trustee of tlie West Side Savings Bank. He 
 is a Fellow of the X'ew' York Academy of Medicine, and a member of 
 the ^Medical Societv of the Countv of X"ew York, the Medico-Legal 
 
 l-KAXCIS LE KOV 
 
448 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Society, tlie New York Neinolonical Society, the American Medical 
 Association, the St. Nicholas Society, the New Yorlc Historical So- 
 ciety, the American Institute of Civics, the Society of the Sous of the 
 Revolution, the American (leoiiraphical Society, and the New York 
 Genealogical and Bio^raidiical Society. He is an otticer of the Society 
 of Colonial AVars, a Fellow of the Academy of Sciences, and an 
 honoi-ary mend)er of the S()(i<'ty of Ails of London. Knuland. His 
 "Treatise on (iont and IJlienmatism " and "The Treatment of Ery- 
 sipelas ■' exciteil mucli interest because of the new ideas propounded 
 in them. He was born in New York City, June !.">, 1S47, the son of 
 Georye Crary Satterlee and ^lary Le Ifoy Livingston. He descends 
 from Benedict Satterlee, who emigrated from England to New Lon- 
 don, Conn., prior to 1G82. His great-grandfather, Lieutenant Benedict 
 Satterlee, was an otticer in the I'rencli and Indian Wav. His father 
 was a prominent New York merchant, one of the foinidcis and, until 
 his death, Presid<Mit of the \\'ashiiigtoii Fire Insurance Company. 
 Through his mother Dr. Satteilee descends from the famous Liv- 
 ingston family, both Tkobert and IMiilip Livingston, signers of the 
 Decliiration of Indeix^ndence being his ancestors. 
 
 JEAVETT, CHAK'LES, a leading i.liysician of lirooklyn, the son 
 of George and Sjirah ( Hale) .bnvett, was born at Bath, Me., in 1842. 
 He was graduated from the Bath High School, and from Bowdoin 
 College in 18(34, subsequeuty receiving the degrees of Master of Arts 
 and I)oct(U' of Science. I'or a short time after leaving college he 
 taught the physical sciences. He commenced the study of medicine 
 in ISCiT, under Hiram Lathroii, of Cooperstown, N. Y., attended three 
 courses of lectures, one at the Long Island College Hos])ital, one at 
 the Utiiversity Medical College, and one at the College of I'hysicians 
 and Surgeons of New Y'ork. and was giaduated from the latter in 
 ISTI. He has practiced medicine in Brooklyn since 1871. He is a 
 member of the Medical Society of the ('(ninty of Kings, was its Presi- 
 dent from 1878 to 1880, and is one ><( its trustees. He is a member 
 of the Brooklyn I'athologiical Society. He is a member of the Brook- 
 lyn Gynecological Society, and was its President in 1893. He is a 
 member of the New York Obstetrical Society, and was its President 
 in IS'.H. He is also a member of the New York Academy of Medicine, 
 the [Medical Socit^ty of the State of New York, the American Gyneco- 
 logical Society (being a member of its Council in ISU.'ii, the Ameri- 
 can Academy of Medicine, the New York Physicians' Mutual Aid 
 Association (of which he was Vice-President from 181J1 to 1898), and 
 is an honorary member of the British Gynecological Society, and the 
 Detroit (iynecological Society, is a I'^ellow of the Intertiational <iyneco- 
 logical Congress, and was Honorary President of the Obstetrical Sec- 
 tion of the Pan-American Medical Congress in 1893. He has been 
 Professor of Obstetrics and Pediatrics in Long Island College Hos- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 4-4!» 
 
 [lital since 1880, aud Obstetiiciaii tu the lidspital siuce 1882. He has 
 been Consultiiij;- Obstetviciaii to Kiugs ("ouutj- Hospital since 1893. 
 For several years lie Avas cliief of the l)epartmeMt of Diseases of Chil- 
 dren in 8aint Mary's Hospital. He has been (/onsnlting Gynecoloiiist 
 to the Bushwick Hospital since 189 J:, and a trustee to the Brooklyn 
 Eye and Ear Hospital since 1887. He has published " Essentials id' 
 Obstetrics" aud a "Manual of Childbed Nursing." He is one of the 
 contributors to the American Text-Book of Obstetrics, to Hamilton's 
 System of Legal Meilicine, to Keating's (lynecology, and Foster's 
 Handboolc of Therapeutics, and is editor of a trc^atise on obstetrics. 
 For a time he was editor-iu-cluef of the Annals (d' the Aiiatonncal 
 and Surgical Society of Brooklj'u. He is one of the collalmrators of 
 the American Journal of Gynecology aud Obstetrics. Ho married, 
 in 1868, Miss Abbie E. Flagg, of New Hampshire, since deceased, and 
 iias two children — Harold F. Jcwctt, ]\f.l)., aud Alice H. Jewett. 
 
 FOWLEK, GEOEGE EYERSON, well-laiown physician of Brook- 
 lyn, was born in New York Cit3', December 25, 1818. His father, 
 Thomas W. Fowler, and his mother, Sarah Jane Carman, were bolli 
 born on Long Island. He was graduated from the Bellevue Hospital 
 Medical College in 1871, and began practice in the Eighteenth Ward 
 of Brookl\u, subsequently locating in the Twenty-first Ward. In 1S72 
 he was api)ointed to the staff of tiie Ceutral Dispensary. Two yeais 
 later he resigned. In 1878 he was comnussioned as one of the surgeons 
 of the Fourteenth Eegiment, National Guard of New York. The same 
 year he became one of the founders of the Brooklyn Anatomical am! 
 Surgical Society, two years later being elected its President. He was 
 also associate editor of the Annals of the Anatomical and Surgical 
 Society. Upon the organization of the Buslnvick and East Brooklyn 
 Dispensary, in 1878, lie was nominated its tirst visiting surgeon; while 
 upon the complete organization of its Medical Staff, he was chosen 
 by the latter body as its presiding officer. In 1887 he resigned froui 
 the active staff and was made Consulting Surgeon. He was appointed 
 in 1883 Surgeou-in-Chief to the Department of Fractures and Disloca- 
 tions, St. Mary's Hosi)ital, Brocdclyn, and subsequently had eutin^ 
 charge of the general surgery of this hospital. He has been Surgeon 
 to the Methodist Episcopal Hospital since its opeiung in 1887. He was 
 elected Pi'esident of the [Medical Society of the County of Kings for 
 the year 188(i. In 1891 he was elected a fellow of the American Sur- 
 gical Association. He is also a permanent member of the American 
 Medical Association. In Januai-y, 1892, he was elected a member of 
 the New York Surgical Society. He is likewise a member of the New 
 York Academy of Medicine, the Brooklyn Surgical Society (of which, 
 in 1891, he was President), and the Society of ^Medical Jurisprudenct^ 
 Tu 1889 he was elected a i)ei"manent member of the Jledical Society of 
 tlie State of New York. AVheu a law was enacted in 1890, separating 
 
450 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 the educntiiiy aud licensiiii;- power in the State, Dr. Fowler was ap- 
 pointed one of the seven members of the Examining Board represent- 
 ing tlie State Society. At the first meeting of the board he was ap- 
 ]iointed Examiner in Snrgery. He is Consnlting Surgeon to the Re- 
 lief (E. 1). ) Hospital aud to the Norwegian Hospital. During a trip 
 to Europe in 1884 he was present at a meeting for the distribution of 
 ambulance cei-titicates at a watering-place on the Lancashire coast. 
 He there formed the resolution to establish classes for instruction in 
 first aid to the injured on his return to America. Arriving home he 
 set about agitating the (luestion of forming such classes. His connec- 
 tion with tlie National Guard suggested placing the matter on a sound 
 footing in that organization, and at the State Camp at Peekskill in the 
 following year he established classes for instriieting the men in car- 
 ing for injured persons in emergencies. This was followed by an order 
 from General James McLeer establishing the instmction in the armo- 
 ries as a part of the soldiers' duties during tlie winter seasim. In the 
 year following the Surgeon-General of the State ordered similar in- 
 struction to be imparted to all the National Guard organizations in 
 New York. A year later an order was issued from the Adjutant-Gen- 
 eral's office at Washington ordering similar instruction to be given 
 at all military posts of the United States. In the early part of 1S90 
 the Ked Cross Society, of Brooklyn, was organized, and Dr. Fowler 
 was elected President. He has made many contributions to the liter- 
 ature of surgery, and has taken an active and prominent part in the 
 work of the societies of which he is a member. In 1873 he married 
 Louise I\. Wells, youngest daughter of the late James Wells, of Nor- 
 ristown, Pa. Of their four children, three are living. Dr. Fowler re- 
 tains his connection with militaiw affairs, being Surgeon of the staff 
 of the Second Brigade, with the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel. 
 
 DUDLEY, AUGUSTUS PALMER, attended the Portland (Me.) 
 Academy, entered the Medical Department of Bowdoin College, and 
 in 1877 was graduated from the Dartmouth Medical College. He 
 began the practice of medicine in Portland, Me., and for a time was 
 connected with the Maine General Hospital. Removing to New York 
 City in 1881, for eighteen months he was House Surgeon in the 
 Woman's Hospital. Subsequently he became a resident of San Fran- 
 cisco, and for one year was Surgeon in the California Woman's Hos- 
 pital. In 1881 he returned to New York City, where he has been en- 
 gaged in practice since. He became Visiting Gynecologist to Ran- 
 dall's Island Hospital, and to the Noi-theastern Dispensary. In 
 1887 he became Instructor in Diseases of Women in the Post-Gradu- 
 ate Hos])ital ]\Iedical College, and in May, 1893, was appointed Pro- 
 fessor of Diseases of Women in the same institution, to fill the 
 vacancy caused by the death of Professor Charles CaiToll Lee. He 
 is at present Surgeon to the Harlem Hospital. He has performed the 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 451 
 
 C.Tsai'iau operation several times, savinc,- both motlier and child. 
 At the present time he is also Prolessor of < iynecoloiiv in the Univer- 
 sity of \'ermont. He is an ex-president of the Woman's Alumni 
 Society of the Woman's Hospital; was one of the founders of the In- 
 ternational (Tynecoloiiical Society, and is a member of the Xew York 
 Academy of Medicine, the New York Obstetrical Society, the Ameri- 
 can Gynecoloiiical Society, and the American Congress of Physicians 
 and Surgeons. He has published " A'aginal Hysterectomy in Amer- 
 ica," "Varicocele in the Female," 
 
 " Surgical Ti-eatiiieni of Subinvo- ■ 
 
 lution," "A New Method of Sur- 
 gical Treatment for Lacerated 
 Perinetim," and " A New Method 
 for the Surgical Ti-eatmeut for 
 rVrtain Forms of IJetio-Displace- 
 ment of the Uterus willi Adhe- 
 sions." Born in Phipi>sburgh, ile.. 
 July i, 1853, Dr. Dudley is the son 
 of Palmer Dudley and Frances 
 Jane AN'yman. The Dudley fauiily 
 is from the North of Ireland. 
 ^Michael Dudley having emigrated 
 to America in 1775, and settled in 
 Maine. Throtigh his nnitlier he de- 
 scends from the Wyman family of 
 Wales and the Peicy family of the 
 South of Scotland, representatives 
 of both of wldch were soldiers of 
 the Kevolution and the ^^'ar of 1812. 
 Coon, datighter of W. .1. Adams, of San Francisco, and has three 
 datighters. 
 
 .il 
 
 AUGUSTUS PALMER DUDLEY, M.D. 
 
 Dr. Dudley maiTied Cassandra 
 
 BKYANT, JOSEPH DECATUR, was educated in the high school 
 of Norwich, N. Y. ; studied medicine with Dr. George W. Avery, of 
 tiutt place, and in 1868 was graduated from Bellevue Hospital Medical 
 College. He was Interne in Bellevtie Hospital from ISfiO to 1871; in 
 1S71 served as Prosector to the Chair of Anatomy in Bellevue Hospital 
 Medical College, under Professor Stephen Smith; from 1871 to 1871 
 was Lecturer on Stirgical Anatomy during the summer term; from.' 
 1875 to 1877 was Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy, and from 1877 
 to 1897 was Professor of Anatomy in Bellevue Hospital Medical Col- 
 lege, succeeding Professor Crosby. He was Professor of the Practice 
 of Stirgery, Operative and Clinical Surgery, in the same institution in 
 1897 and 1898, while he is now Professor of the Principles and Prac- 
 tice of Stirgei'y. Operative and Clinical Surgery, in the University and 
 Bellevue Hospital Aledical College. He is Visiting Surgeon to Belle- 
 
452 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 vvR' Hospital and St. Vincent's Hospital, ixnd is ('onsultiug Hurneon 
 to till' Manhattan Hospital for the Insane, to Cionvcnicni- Hospital, to 
 the Woman's Hospital, and to the Hospital ftir I lie Kuptuied and 
 Crippled, all of New York City, and to St. Joseph's Hospital, Yonkers. 
 He was President of the New I'ork Academy of ^ledicine from 1895 
 to 181)7, and is a member of the American Snrgical Association, the 
 Ameiican Medical Association, the Medical Society and Medical As- 
 sociation of the State of New York, the Connty Medical Society, and 
 other medical ori;anizations, as he is of the Manhattan, Lotos, and 
 New Y'ork Atlildic cliilts. By Mayor Hewitt he Avas appointed Com- 
 missioner of the Health Department of New York City for a term of 
 si.\ years, beginning; in 1887. He was Snrgeon of the Seventy-first 
 Kegiment from 1873 to 1882. He was appointed Surgeon-General on 
 the staff of Governor Grover Cleveland in 1882, and held the same posi- 
 tion during the succeeding administiations of Governors Hill and 
 Fldwi-r. lie lias |)ublished a work on " (Jperative Surgery," which ha> 
 reached its third edition, and has contributed numei-ons articles on 
 surgical topics to the medical press. He was born in East Troy, Wal- 
 worth County, "Wis., in 1815. The Bryant ancestral line can be traced 
 back in England to 1450. when nn-mbers of the family were knighted 
 for bi'avery. On his mother's side Dr. Bryant descends from the an- 
 cient English family of Atkins, members of which were among the 
 knights who parlieipated in the Holy ^Vars of the Crusaders. A 
 branch of this family settled in Middletown, Conn., in 1(173. 
 
 JANVBIN, JOSEPH ED\VABD, well-known jdiysician, attended 
 Phillips Exeter Academy, taught school for a time, and was graduated 
 from the College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University. 
 During the Civil ^\nl^ he was Assistant Surgeon of the Fifteenth New 
 Hampshire A'olunteers. Since 18(i5 he has been engaged in practice as 
 a physician and surgeon in New York City. He has been or is physi- 
 cian to the Demilt 1 >is])ensary. Assistant Surgeon to the W(nnan's Hos- 
 pital, and Gynecologist to the New York Skin and Cancer Hosintal. 
 He has been President of the New York Obstetrical Society and Presi- 
 dent of the New York County jNledical Association. He is a trustee of 
 the New York Academy of Medicine, a member of the New Y'ork Coun- 
 ty Medical Society,and of the American Gynecological Association. and 
 also a member of the Union League Club, the New England Society, the 
 Society of ^layllower Descendants, the Society of Colonial Wars, and 
 the Military Oi-der of the Loyal Legion. He is an officer of the Mon- 
 ticello Land aiid Im]>rovenient Company of Yonkers. He is the author 
 of many medical jtapers, especially relating to gynecology and malig- 
 nant diseases. He married, September 1, 1881, Laura L. La-Wall, of 
 Easton, Pa., and has two children, Edmund K. P. Janvrin and Mar- 
 guerite La-Wall Janvrin. He was himself born in Exeter, N. IL, Jan- 
 uary 13, 1839, and is the son of Joseph Adams Janvrin and Lydia A. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 453 
 
 Colcord. His father was a iiK-icliaiit and faniici-. Tliroiiyh liiiu he 
 descends from Captain Jean Janvrin, who came from the Isle of Jer- 
 sey in 1705, and married Eli/.ahctli Knight, of IV-itsmonth, N. H. He 
 also descends from Jolin Ahlen, id' I'ljmoutli ( 'ohjny, who came over 
 on the first voyaiie to America of tie Mayflower, from Governor Simon 
 Bradstreet; from Governor Tlioiiias Dudley, and from TTciiry Adams, 
 of Bra in tree, Mass. 
 
 SUAFFEK, NEWTON MET^IAN, entered the New York Hospital 
 for the Relief of the Ruptured and Crippled on May 1, 1803, the day 
 it opened its doors. After liraduating- in medicine under the auspices 
 of this institution, and under the direction of Dr. James Kni.i;ht, its 
 founder, he resi,i;ned in 1808, and soon after, at the request of Theo- 
 dore Roosevelt and Howard Potter, became Sursi,eon-in-Chief of the 
 New York Orthopa'dic Dispensary and Hospital, a position he has 
 held for nearly twenty-five years. Since 187() he lias delivered annual- 
 ly a special course of lectures on orthopa'dic surgery at tins institu- 
 tion. From 1882 to 1880 he was Clinical Professor of Orthopnedic 
 Surgery in the University Medical College, and for sixteen years, from 
 1ST2 to 1888, had a daily service at St. Luke's Hospital. In 1806 he 
 was recalled to the Professorship in the University Medical College, 
 but resigned in 1898 to join in the fonnation of the Cornell I^niver- 
 sity College of ^ledicihe in New York City, being appointed Pro- 
 fessor of Orthopa'dic Surgery in this institiition. The establishment 
 of an orthopa'dic laboratory has been arranged by him as one of the 
 departments of the Cornell University Medical College. In 1872 be 
 was invited to accept a position in St. Luke's Hospital and demon- 
 strate the value of modern orthopaedic methods. In May, 1873, the 
 ])osition of Orthopaedic Surgeon to St. Luke's Hospital was specially 
 created for him — the first position of the kind in the United States. 
 When he resigned, in Decemlx-r, 1887, he was made Consulting Ortho- 
 pa'dic Surgeon of St. Luke's IIosi)ital. He is also Consulting (")rtho- 
 |)iTpdic Surgeon to the Presbyterian Hospital, and Consulting Surgeon 
 to the New York Infirmary for Women and Children. He was the 
 first to juojtose the organization of an Orthojia'dic Society in the City 
 of New York, and was one of the founders (d' what is now the Ortho- 
 paedic Section of the Academy of Medicine. He was President of the 
 Society, and in January, 1887, when retiring from the Presidency, in- 
 vited the members to meet at his residence to aid in the formation of a 
 National Or-thopjpdic Association. At this meeting, held January 29, 
 
 1887, the .Vmeiican Ortlio]ia'dic Association was launched. As Presi- 
 dent of this association, Dr. Shaffer brought about its admission, in 
 
 1888, to the Congress of American Physicians and Surgeons, thus 
 achieving the fiist publii recognition of orthopa'dic surgery l»y a 
 national organization in the United States. He is a member of the 
 XcAv York Acadeniv of ^Fedicine, the Coni^ress of American Phvsicians 
 
454 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 and Surseous, tlie New York Neuroloiiical Society, the New York 
 Ortlaoptedic Society, tlie Xew York Coimty Medical Society, and otlier 
 organizations. He was a delegate to the Seventh International Medi- 
 cal Congress in London in ISSl, and from 1888 to 1890 was the Sec- 
 retary of the Executive Coninuttee of the Congress of American Physi- 
 cians and Surgeons. Upon his retirement from this position he was 
 made Treasurer of the Congress. A delegate to the Tenth Interna- 
 tional Medical Congress in Berlin, in 1890, he read a paper, "What 
 is Orthopjedic Surgery? '' before this body. He has devised apparatus 
 for the treatment of nearly eveiw chronic deformity, including club- 
 foot, spinal disease, knock-knee, flat-foot, lateral curvature, and white 
 swelling. His work upon clubfoot has been especially thorough, and 
 his treatment by forcible intermittent traction in place of cutting has 
 
 been very successful. He demon- 
 strated that ununited fracture of 
 the neck of the femur might be 
 cured without an operation. In 
 connection with chronic joint dis- 
 ease he demonstrated the reduced 
 electrical reaction of the muscles 
 acting upon the articulation. He 
 was the first to describe non-de- 
 forming clubfoot, and to demon- 
 strate the shortened gastrocnemius 
 muscle and the function of the 
 aidcle joint in the production of flat- 
 foot. He is the author of works on 
 " Pott's Disease of the Spine," 
 " The Hysterical Element in Ortho- 
 paedic Surger-y," and a volume of 
 " Brief Essays on Orthopa>dic Sur- 
 gery." He has been a frequent con- 
 tributor to medical journals. Boi*u 
 in Kiudcrhook, X. Y., February 11, 181(), he is the son of Rev. James N. 
 Shaffer, a prominent Metliodist Episcopal clergyman, and Jane Eme- 
 linc Hale, daughter of William Hale and Catherine Melman. On the 
 maternal side he is of English ancestry. His paternal great-grand- 
 father, William Shaff'er, came from Holland to Xew York City in 1760, 
 while in this city his grandfather, William Shaffer, Jr., was born April 
 15, 1773. His paternal graudmother was a Xewton. In 1873, Dr. 
 Shaffer married Margaret H., daughter of Hon. \A'illiam Perkins, of 
 Gardiner, ]Me. They have one son — Newton Melman Shaffer, Jr. Dr. 
 Shaffer is a member of the University, Century, and Ardsley clubs. 
 
 NK\VT<iN .MKI.MAN sriAKKK.K, M.I). 
 
 CONKLINC, JOHN TERRY, eminent physician of IJrooklyn, was 
 born in Smithtown, L. I., March 19, 1825. and died in Biooklyn, :\Iarcli 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 455 
 
 17, 1S9S. Lie was graduated from the State Xoniial School at Albany 
 in 1847, studied medicine with Dr. De Witt Clinton Euos, and in 1855 
 was graduated from the New York College of Physicians and Sur- 
 geons. During the next forty years he was engaged in practice in 
 Brooklyn. From 18(51 to 1870 he was Brooklyn Superintendent of 
 the Metropolitan Board of Health, and during the same ])ei'iod was 
 President of the Board of Educatit)u of Brooklyn. From 1873 to 1875 
 he was President of the Broolclyn Board of Health. He was a mem- 
 ber of the Medical Society of the County of Kings from 1859 until his 
 death, and at one time was its President. He was a delegate to the 
 American Medical Association, and was a member of the Physicians' 
 Mutual Aid Association and the Brooklyn IMedical Book Club. He 
 was Physician to the Brooklyn Dispensary and Eye and Ear Intirmary 
 and Consulting Physician to the Long Island College Hospital. From 
 1886 to 1893 he was a member of the Council of the Long Island Col- 
 lege Hospital. He was a member of the Hamilton Club and of the 
 Long Island Historical Society. He was a charter member of Ply- 
 mouth Church, and was a member of the committee which called 
 Henry ^^'ard Beecher as its pastor. He married, in 1819, Caroline E. 
 Seaman, who survived him, with a daughter and a sou — Dr. Henry 
 Conkling — who, for several years, was his father's associate in practice, 
 and became his successor. 
 
 VALENTINE. FEBDIXAND CHARLES, was born in Laer. Han- 
 over, Germany, March 22, 1851, and the f(dlowing year was brought 
 to America by his parents, John Julius Valentine and Rosette van 
 Bienm. He was educated under private tutors and at the Hoboken 
 Academy. In 1870 he was graduated from the Homeopathic College 
 of Physicians and Surgeons at St. Louis, but subsequently abandoned 
 this school of practice, and in 187*i was graduated from the ilissouri 
 Medical College, his diploma being indorsed the following year by the 
 Bellevue Hospital iledical College. He has since practiced in New 
 York City, making a sjiecialty of geni to-urinary diseases. He was Sur- 
 geon-General to the Army of Honduias from 1878 to 1881, since 1892 
 has been Genito-LTrinaiy Surgeon to the West Side German Dispen- 
 sary, and since 1895 has been Professor of Genito-Ui'inary Diseases in 
 the New York School of Clinical Medicine. He has done much work 
 in bringing to recognition the dangerous character of the most fre- 
 quent of all diseases in his S])ecialty and in enabling physicians to un- 
 derstand and combat it. He has published "A Contribution to the 
 Study of the Symptoms of Chronic Urethritis," and other papers. 
 
 GOFFE, JAMES RIDDLE, was graduated from the University of 
 Michigan in 1873, engaged in teaching for several years, and, coming 
 to New York, was graduated from the Bellevue Hos]>ital ^ledical Col- 
 lege in 1881. During the next two years he served as Interne in a 
 
456 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 branch of Cliaiity Ilospital and iu the "Woman's Hospital. In 1883 
 he entered upon the reiinlar practice of medicine in New York, devot- 
 insi' liimself maiulv to ;L;ynccoloiiT and obstetrics. He is the discoverer 
 of a new method in the o])eration for the removal f)f fibroid tumors. 
 He was for .several yi'ars associated with Dr. J. E. Janvrin, and hitev 
 witli Dr. William M. Polk, iu one of the leading- successful private 
 sanitariums for women. After completing his term of service at the 
 \\'oman"s Hospital, he attached himself to the teaching staff of the 
 New York Polyclinic, and sreadily advanced through the successive 
 grades of promotion to a full professorship in 1804. He was made 
 ^^ecrctary of the Faculty of that institution, and during the next two 
 years organized the Polyclinic Hospital and the training school for 
 nursi s. ]\\ 180(i. tlir Mulh-al \nrs was moved to New Yf)rk, and. un- 
 der the editorship of Dr. (loffe, it 
 took a place among the leading- 
 weekly medical journals. Dr. Goffe 
 is Msiting Gynecologist to tiie New 
 York City Hospital and to the New 
 York Skin and Tancer Hospital. 
 He is a Fellow of the New York 
 Academy of Medicine, and a mem- 
 
 P^^ifc ber of the New Ycn-k County iledi- 
 
 *^^. W^ cal Society, the New York Obstet- 
 
 rical Society, the Physicians' 
 ^ IMutual Aid Association, and the 
 
 ^^ American Gynecological Society, 
 
 of which he has been Secretaiy dur- 
 ing the past three years. He was 
 one of the original members of 
 Troop A, New York State National 
 Guard, in which he served for three 
 years, and is a member of the 
 University Club and the Kichmond 
 County Country Club. In 1890 he married ]Miss Eleanor Taylor, of 
 New York City, who is descended from an old Massachusetts family. 
 He is himself the son of William Goffe and Betsey Riddle, and was 
 born at Kenosha, Wis., .Vugust 10. 18."(1. He is the grandsiui of Major 
 John Goffe, a pati-iot officer in the llevolution; is the great-grandson 
 of Colonel John Goffe, commander of a New Hampshire regiment in 
 the French and Indian War, and is great-great-grandsou of John Goffe, 
 a meiuber of Dr. Increase Mather's Church at Boston in IGTG. Of the 
 same family was ^\■illiam Goffe, the regicide. 
 
 J.\MES RIDDLE (iOFFE, .M.D. 
 
 KNAPP, JACOB iilOK.MAN, eminent ophthalmologist, was born 
 in Dauborn, Prussia, March IT, 1832, his father being a farmer and a 
 member of the Prussian House of Representatives and the (!ermau 
 
E^XYCLOPF.DIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 457 
 
 Eeiclisratli. Dr. Knii])]i was madnated fmiii tlic ( Jvimiasinm at Weil- 
 t'lirg', Hesse-^'assau, and alter live years of study of medicine and allied 
 branches at the universities of Mtmich, Wiirzburn, Berlin, Leiysie, 
 Zuiich, and A'ienna, he was graduated in 1854 at Giesseu. The foUow- 
 ini;' year he passed the State examination at Wiesbaden. He pre] tared 
 himself for a university career by another f(.ur years of study at Paris, 
 London, Berlin, Heidelberg, and Utrecht, and in 1859 was admitted 
 as Lecturer at Heidell)erg. In 18C4 he was apjiointed Professor of 
 Ophthalmology in that university. He founded, in 18(50, an ophthal- 
 mic clinic which, in 1860, was made one of tlie university clinics. It is 
 now one of the most celebrated ophthalmic clinics in Europe, and is 
 under Professor Theodore Leber, Dr. Knapp's assistant and successor. 
 The latter resigned his professorship at Heidelberg in 1808 and re- 
 moved to New York City. Here he became one of the fotmders <if the 
 New York Ophthalmic and Aural Institute, a dispensary, hospital, and 
 school for the treatment, study, and teaching of eye and ear diseases. 
 He has ever since held the position of Executive Surgeon to this insti- 
 tution. In 1800 he also founded the Arcliircs of Oiihthuhnologii and 
 Otolof/if, a scientific and practical quarterly, published in English and 
 ( Jerman, the pioneer journal of its kind in America. He was Professor 
 of Ophthalmology in the University of the City of New York from 
 1882 to 1888, resigning in the latter year to become the successor of 
 the late Dr. Cornelius Eea Agnew as Professor of Ophthalmology in 
 the New Y'ork College of Physicians and Surgeons. Dr. Knapp's lit- 
 erary contributions to oiilithalmology and otology have been very 
 numerous, and especially in operative surgery of the eyes. 
 
 WEBSTEK, DA\1I), was educated in the public schools and the 
 Normal School of Nova Scotia; in 1868 was graduated from the Belle- 
 vue Hospital Medical College; practiced medicine in West Cornwallis, 
 Nova Scotia, in 1808 and 1809, and in the fall of the latter year became 
 First House Surgeon of the Brooklyn Eye and Ear Hospital. He held 
 this position until the spring of 1871, while from that time to the sjiring 
 of 1873 he was House Surgeon to the Manhattan Eye and Ear Hos- 
 pital. He was the associate in private practice of the late Dr. Corne- 
 lius Rea Agnew from 1873 to the death, of Dr. Agnew in 1888. He is 
 Professor of Ophthalmology in Dartmouth < 'olh-ge and Professo ■ of 
 the same in the New Y'ork Polyclinic. He is Surgeon to the Manhattan 
 Eyeantl Ear Hosi)ital,aii(l Cdusulting 0])htlialmic Surgeon to 1lie Hos- 
 pital for the Kuptured and Crippled, to the New Yoi-lc Skin and ( 'ancer 
 Hospital, and to the Hackensack Hospital. He is the author of many 
 arri(des in medii-al jinirnals. and is a member of tlie Union League ( 'lub 
 and the New York llistciriial Society, the New York Academy of ^fed 
 icine, the New York County Medical Society, the New York State Med- 
 ical Society, tlie New York Ophtlialmological Society, the American 
 Ophthalmological Society, the International (tplithalmological So- 
 
458 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 ciety, and the New York Plivsicians' Mutual Aid Association. He 
 was born in Cambiidge, Xova Scotia, July 16, 1842, the son of Asael 
 Webster and Hepzibah Pearson. Both his jjarents were born in Nova 
 Scotia, his mother bein,<;- first cousin to Sir Charles Tupper. His 
 paternal grandfather, Abraham Webster, was born in Lebanon, Conn., 
 and through him Dr. Webster lineally descends from John Webster, 
 born in England in 1590, who was Governor of Connecticut in 1636. 
 
 DOUGLAS, ORLANDO BENAJAH, since 1888 Professor of Dis- 
 eases of the Nose and Throat in the Post-Graduate Medical School 
 and Hospital, was born in Cornwall, Vt., September 12, 183G, the son 
 of Amos Douglas and Almira Balcom, and in the eighth generation 
 from Deacon William Douglas, who emigrated from Scotland to 
 
 Boston in 1640, and subsequently 
 settled at New London, Conn. He 
 a 1 1 e n d e d Brandon Seminary, 
 taught scliool at the age of eigh- 
 teen, and in 1858 entered his uncle's 
 drug store at Brunswick, Mo., at 
 the same time stmlying medicine. 
 After two yeai-s of this occupation, 
 he was for anotlier year engaged as 
 a bank clerk, and then enlisted in 
 tlic Eighteenth Missouri Volun- 
 tecis in defense of the Union. He 
 served six months in Missouri un- 
 der General Fremont, and then 
 joined the Army of Tennessee, with 
 which he remained until the con- 
 clusion of Sherman's march to the 
 sea. He was twice wounded, while 
 scouting in IMissouri, in 1861, 
 and at Shih)h, in 1,S()2. He was 
 commissioned Lieutenant, was made Adjutant of his regiment, and, 
 by order of General Grant, became Acting Assistant Adjutant-Gen- 
 eral on the brigade staff. He was on duty at Cincinnati, Ohio; Cor- 
 inth, Miss., and in the Provost-Marshal's oifice at Concord, Mass. 
 After the war he engaged in business for a number of years, then 
 entered the Medical Department of the University of Vermont, and 
 subsequently the University Medical College of New York City, being 
 graduated from the latter in 1877. He served two years in the DeMilt 
 Dispensary. Appointed, in 1877, Assistant Surgeon to the Manhat- 
 tan Eye and Ear Hospital, in 1885 he became one of its surgeons and 
 a member of its directorate. Since 1878 he lias liad charge of throat 
 clinics in that institution during three days each week, no less than 
 200,000 visits having been made by patients to his clinics during this 
 
 ORLANDO BENA.JAH DOUGLAS, M.D. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 459 
 
 period. Plis professorship in tiae Post-Gradiiate Medical Scliool aud 
 Hospital has already been referred to. He is a Fellow of the New 
 York Academy of Medicine, was Secretar}- of its Committee on Ad- 
 missions, in 1S88 was Chairman of its Section on Laryngology and 
 Ehinology, and dnring nine years prior to 1898 was Treasnrer of the 
 Academy. From 187!) to 1887 he was Treasurer of the County Medi- 
 cal Society, and in 1S!»0 was elected its President. In 1887 he was 
 delegate from that body to the State IMedical Society, and he is now 
 a permanent member of the latter body. From 1880 to 1883 he was 
 Secretary of the New York Therapeutical Society. He is a member 
 of the Executive Committee of the American Electro-Therapeutical 
 Association; for ten years has been a director of the I'hysicians' 
 Mutual Aid Association; is an honorary member of the Vermont Med- 
 ical Society, and a member of the American Laryngological, Rhino- 
 logicaJ and Utological Society, the Linmean Society, the Scientific 
 Alliance of New York, the American Geographical Society, the Park 
 and Outdoor Art Association, and the New York Botanical Garden 
 Association. He is a companion of the First Class Military Order 
 of the Loyal Legion, is Surgeon of Keno Post, Grand Army of the 
 Republic, and is a JMason, thirty-second degree. He was at one time 
 prominently connected with the Young Men's Christian Association 
 of Vermont; was Superintendent of the Sunday-school of the Bap- 
 tist Churcli in Brandon, Vt. — the largest Sunday-school in tliat State — 
 and was President of the ^'ermont Sunday-school Association, having 
 been its founder. He married, December 27, 186-1, Mai-y A. Rust, of 
 Orwell, Vt., who died, August 31, 1873, and by her had a son, Edwin 
 Rust Douglas, M.E., who is assistant to the Professor of Physical 
 Mathematics at Harvard University. On September 16, 1875, Dr. 
 Douglas married Mrs. Maria Manson Tiddy. 
 
 CLAIBORNE, JOHN HERBERT, Ji:., attended the University 
 School at Petersburg, ^'a., and in June, 1883, was graduated from 
 the ^Fedical Depai-tment of the University of Virg-inia, subsequently 
 studying in Berlin, Paris, and London. In the fall of 1886 he engaged 
 in practice in New York City as a specialist in the diseases of the t'ye 
 and ear. He is or has been Attending Surgeon of the North Western 
 Dispensary, Clinical Assistant to the Manhattan Eye and Ear Ilos- 
 Iiital, Assistant Surgeon to tlie New Amsterdam Eye and Ear Hos- 
 intal, Adjunct Professor of Diseases of the Eye in the New York 
 Polyclinic, and Instructor in ( (phtlialmology in Columbia University. 
 He is the autlior of two textbooks on his specialty, as well as of many 
 articles. He is a member of the American Medical Association, tlie 
 American Ophtlialmological Society, the New York Academy of 3Iedi- 
 cine, the ^'irginia Medical Society, the New York County Medical 
 Society, and the New York County Medical Association. He is also 
 a member of the University, Calumet, aud Fencers' clubs. He served 
 
460 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 iu the XjiTional Guard of XeAv York for five rears as a member of 
 TrooiJ A, ami aftenvard of ^^q1ladroIl A. He enlisted for the Spanisli 
 War, and served until its close in the Twelfth New York ^'olunteers. 
 becominic successively ?«econd Lieutenant. First Lieutenant, and Bat- 
 talion Adjutant. IJejrimental Adjutant, and Cajjtain of ('omi>any G. 
 He was bom in L<juisburir, X. C. June 29, 1861. the son of John Her- 
 bert Claiborne and Sara Joseph Alston. He is fifth in descent from 
 Colonel Augustine Claiborne, sixth from Captain Thomas Claiborne, 
 seventh from Colonel Thomas Claiborne, and eighth from Colonel Will- 
 iam Claiborae, the famous colonial rebel. 
 
 LEWIS. DANIEL, is ime of the leading medical practitioners of 
 New York City in the specialty of skin diseases and cancer. He was 
 born in Alfred. Allegany County, N. Y.. January 17. 1840. His fam- 
 ily have been prominent in the medical profession in Rhode Island, 
 where they have been established from early colonial times, and 
 five of the members of his immediate family besides himself were 
 educated as physicians. Up to the age of fifteen he attended the 
 Alfred Academy, and throughout the Civil War served in the United 
 .States Navy. Resuming his studies, he was graduated from Alfred 
 University in 1869. and. coming to New York, attended lectures in 
 the Medical Department of the University of the City of New York 
 and the New York College of Physicians and Surgeons, being grad- 
 uated from the last-mentioned in 1871. He practiced medicine in the 
 village of Andover. N. Y.. from 1871 to 1873. and since the latter date 
 continuously in New York City. After a short time he devoted him- 
 self to surgery, and particularly to the treatment of cancer and dis- 
 eases of the skin. He has been identified with the New York Skin 
 and Cancer Hospital from its organization, serving fij-st as Assistant 
 Surgeon, and subsequently in his present position of Visiting Sur- 
 geon. Since 1890 he has been Professor of Special Surgery (cancer- 
 ous diseases) in the New York Post-Graduate Medical School. He 
 was President of the Medical Society of the County of New York in 
 1884 and 1885. having been a member since 1873. for three years a 
 Delegate from that organization to the State Medical Society, and for 
 five years a member of its Board of Censors. In 1889 he was Presi- 
 dent of the Medical Society of the State of New York. He was Presi- 
 dent of the Physicians" Mutual Aid Association for ten years, and is 
 now its Treasurer. He has been President of the New York State 
 Board of Health since May. 1895. having been originally appointed 
 a Commissioner by Governor Morton in 1895. and reappointed by Gov- 
 ernor Black in January. 1898. He is also a Fellow of the New York 
 Academy of Medicine, and a member of the New York Patholog- 
 ical Society, the New Y'ork Dermatological Society, and other or- 
 ganizations. He was for some time editor of the medical directory 
 published under the auspices of the Medical Society of the County of 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 461 
 
 New Vtii-k. For ten years lie has been Surui'uii <il' lleno Post, <iraii(l 
 Army of the Republic, New York City, whih^ in 1S87 he was elected 
 Medical Director of the Kepartnient (d' New York, Grand Army of 
 the Republic. lie is I'resident of the Alfred University Alumni As- 
 sociation, a position which he has occupied for several terms. I'or 
 many years he has annually visited Europe, and in 1882 spent some 
 time in special study in the Cancer Hospital of London. He has been 
 Editor of the Medical I'rririr of Reviews since January, 1897. He 
 h;is ]iiiblished " Cancer and its Treatment " (1874). " ^larsden's Treat- 
 ment of Cancer" (1878j, "Digi- 
 talis in the Treatment of Scarla- 
 tina " (1882), "The Development 
 of Cancer from Non-Malignant Dis- 
 eases " (1883), " The Treatment of 
 Erysipelas" (1885), "The Treat- 
 ment of Ephthelioma with Mild 
 Caustics" (1887), "The Chian 
 Turpentine Treatment of Cancer '' 
 (1888), "A Malignant Tumor in 
 an Umbilical Hernial Sac, witli 
 Remarks on the Etiology of Can- 
 cer " ( 1889 ) , " Horsehair Sutures 
 and Drainage" (1884), "Cancer 
 and its Treatment " (1892), " Tin' 
 Use and Place oi Caustics in the 
 Ti-eatment of Cancer " ( 1893 i , 
 " Notes of a. Case of Uterine Can- 
 cer: Remarks on Diagnosis and 
 Treatment" (1893), "Operative 
 
 Treatment of Cancer of the Rectum " (1897), and " Enemies of Sani- 
 tary Science " (1897 I. He was married, (Jctober 10, 1872, to Achsah 
 D., daughter of L. C. P. \'auglian, of Springtield, Erie County, X. V. 
 
 lAMKL I.K\M> 
 
 BRANNAN, JOHN ^VINTERS, was gradnalc.l from Harvard Col 
 lege in 1871 and from the Harvard Medical School in ls7s. In 1S77 
 and 1878 he was connected with the Massacduisetts Ccncral Hospital, 
 while in 1878 and 1879 he continued his studies in liospilals in N'ieiina, 
 Paris, Strasburg, and London. He practiced nii-djcine one year in 
 Boston and four years in Colorado S]iriiigs, wliilr dnring t he last four- 
 teen years he has practiced in New York ( 'ity. lie is Pi csident of the 
 Board of Governors of the Hospital for Scaih-t Im'vci- and Diphtheria 
 Patients, is Medical Director of the Washington Life Insurance Com- 
 pany, is Lecturer on Infectious Diseases in Columbia Univei'sity, is 
 Consulting Physician to the Hospital for Scarlet i'evci'and Diphtlieria 
 Patients, and Attending Physician to the Bellevue. the \\illai<l Parker, 
 and the Riverside hospitals, and to St. Saviour's SanKarinni ami House 
 
462 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 of Mercy. He is a member of the Univcrsitj and Harvard cdubs, the 
 Aztec Society, the New Yorlc Academy of Mediciue, the County Medical 
 Society, the Practitioners' Society, the Neuroloj;ical Society, the Har- 
 vard Medical Society, and the Society of Alumni of Bellevue Hospital. 
 He was born in Cincinnati, Ohio, Februaiw 14, 1853, the son of Benja- 
 min Franklin Brannau and Mary, daughter of Joseph Doddridge, 
 clergyman, and author of " Indian Wars in Western Virginia and 
 Ohio.'' He is a nephew of General Jolm M. Branuan, a West Point 
 graduate, who served in the Mexican War, and in the Civil War was 
 c 'liief of Artillery under General Thomas. Dr. Brannan's grandfather, 
 John Brannan, was the editor of " Letters of Ofticers of Army and Xavy 
 in the War of 1812." His maternal great-uncle, Philip Doddridge, 
 was a memlx'r of Congress from Mrginia early in tlie present centuiw. 
 I'hilip Doddridge, the maternal ancestor in England in the seventeenth 
 centuiw, was a Non-conformist clergyman, the author of many hymns 
 and of various relii-ious books. 
 
 DEW, JAMES HARVIE, physician, of New York. \va^ born Octo- 
 ber 18, 1843, in Newtown, King and Queen County, Va. His father, 
 
 Benjamin Franklin Dew, was grad- 
 uated from ^Mlliam and [Mary Col- 
 lege, taking the degTees of Master 
 of Arts and Bachelor of Law. He 
 was an extensive landowner, one of 
 his estates being Malvern Hill, 
 where the battle of that name was 
 fonglit in l?<(i2. Di-. Dew's grand- 
 father. Thomas Dew, a captain in 
 the War of 1812, was a descendant 
 of Hon. Thomas Dew, a Si)eaker of 
 the House of Burgesses in the old 
 colonial days of Virginia. The 
 doctor's mother was Mary Susan, 
 daughter of Colonel Reuben M. Gar- 
 iK'tt, also of King and Queen Coun- 
 ty. Dr. Dew is a nephew of the late 
 Thomas R. Dew, President of the 
 old William and Mary College, and 
 a brother of Judge John G. Dew, 
 of Virginia. The doctor was educated at Professor Gessuer Harri- 
 son's Preparatory School and at the University of Virginia. In 18G1, 
 at the age of eighteen, he enlisted in " Lee's Partisan Rangers," com- 
 manded by Robert E. Lee's son, afterward Major-General Lee. This 
 troop was soon merged into the Ninth Virginia Cavalry, and here he 
 served until the close of the contest, under " Jeb " Stuart and his 
 successors. This experience enabled the doctor to contribute to the 
 
 .lAMKS HARVIK DKW, M.I). 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 463 
 
 Ceiiiiu'!/ MiKju.ziiic for 1892 an accDmit of tlie coiiditious, ciicniustaiKTS, 
 aud lieculiaiities which led to the developiueiit and characteristic fea- 
 tures of the " Yankee and IJebel Yells." lie commenced tlie study 
 of medicine in January, 18()G, his preceptors beinjr;- Dr. William 1). 
 Quesenbery, of Virginia, and Dr. Joseph W. Howe, of New Y'ork. He 
 was graduated from the University of A'irginia in June, ISGT, served 
 as House Physician and Surgeon to the Cliarity Hospital, New Y'ork, 
 from April, ISGS, to October, 1869, and commenced the practice of 
 his profession in 1870. He was appointed Professor of Anatomy, 
 Physiology, and Hygiene in the New Y'ork Evening High School in 
 1872, and continued his lectures till 1881. He is a member of the 
 New Y'ork Academy of Medicine, the Medical S<»ciety of the County 
 of New Y'ork, the Alumni Association of the Charity Hospital, the 
 County Medical Association, and the New Y'ork Southern vSociety. He 
 prepared a paper, " Establishing a New ^fethod of Ar-tificial Respira- 
 tion in Asphyxia Necmatornm," called " Dew's Method," which was 
 read before the New York Academy of Medicine in Febi*uai*y, 1893. 
 He was married, in 1885, to Miss Bessie JMartin, only daughter of Dr. 
 Edmund H. ^Martin, late of Mem]ihis, Tenn., now of Louisville, Ky. 
 They have but one child — Caroline Wclborn Dew. 
 
 DANA, CHARLES LOOMIS, was gi'aduated from Dartmouth Col- 
 lege in 1872, subseqiiently receiving the dcgrci' of Master of Arts; in 
 187G was graduated from the National Medical College, at Washing- 
 ton, and in 1877 was graduated from the New Y'ork (I'ollege of Physi- 
 cians and Surgeons (the Medical Department of Columbia Univer- 
 sity). In 1878 he was an Interne of Bellevue Hospital. He was Vis- 
 iting Neurologist to the New Y'ork Infant Asylum from 1885 to 1888, 
 and the Northeastern Dispensary from 1882 to 1887, while since 1889 
 he has sustained the same relation to the Monteliore Home. Since 
 
 1885 he has been Visiting Physician to Bellevue Hospital. From 1880 
 to 1883 he was Professor of Comparative Physiology in the Columbia 
 Scho(d of Comparative Pathology, from 1882 to 1887 was Professor 
 of Physiology in the Woman's Medical College of the New Y'ork In- 
 firmary, and since 1881 has been Professor of Nervous and Mental 
 Diseases in the New Y'ork Post-Craduate Medical Scho(d. He has 
 also been Professor of the same in Dartmouth College since 1889. From 
 
 1886 to 1888 he was President of the New Y'ork Neurological Society. 
 He has published "On the Benignity of Syphilis" (1881), "'Concus- 
 sion of the Spine and Hysteria " (1881), " Medical Expert Testimony " 
 (1885), "Clinical Studies of Neuralgias" (1887), "The Cortical Lo- 
 calization of the Cutaneous Sensations" (1888), "Cranial Topogra- 
 phy" (1889), and "The Anesthesias of Hysteria" (1890). He was 
 born in Woodstock, Vt.. March 25, 1852, and is the son of Charles 
 Dana, Jr., and Charity, daugiiter of Judge Jonathan Loomis. On llie 
 
464 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Ijaternal mh- he descends from Richard Dana, who settled in Cam- 
 bridge, Mass., in 1(140. On tlie maternal side he descends from Joseph 
 Loomis, Avho settle(l in Connecticut in 163S. 
 
 Ll>,COLX, EUFUS PEATT, physician, of New York, was born in 
 Belchei-town, Mass., April 27, 1840, and is descended from Thomas 
 Lincoln, one of the original settlers of Hiugham, Mass. He was gradu- 
 ated from Amherst College 
 — _ in 1S62. Enlisting in July 
 
 of that year in the Thirty- 
 seventh Massachusetts, he 
 served with distinction 
 throughout the Civil War, 
 rising rapidly through the 
 successive grades of Second 
 Lieutenant, Captain, Ma- 
 jor, Lieutenant-Colonel, 
 and Colonel of his regi- 
 ment. During the last year 
 of the war he sei-A^ed as 
 Assistant Inspector-Gen- 
 eral, First Division, Sixth 
 < 'ori)S. IJeturniug from the 
 war, he spent one year in 
 the New York College of 
 Physicians and Surgeons, 
 and in 1808 was graduated 
 fi-om the Harvard Medical 
 Srliool. During the suc- 
 ceeding eighteen months 
 he was one of the House 
 Surgeons in the Massachu- 
 setts General Hospital. 
 Beginning practice in New 
 York in 1800, he rapidly became a recognized sjiecialist in the treat- 
 ment of diseases of the throat and air ])nssages. In 1881 he was 
 a delegate from the New York Academy of Medicine and the Ameri- 
 can Laryngological Association to the International Medical Con- 
 gress in London. In 1887 and 1888 he was President of the Ameri- 
 can Laryngological Association, in 18111 lie was President of the 
 Harvard Medical Society of New York, and in 1897 was "\'ice-President 
 of the American Academy of Medicine. He has published many arti- 
 cles connected with his special studies, such as " Laryngeal Phthisis," 
 "Selected Cases of Disease in the Nasal and Post-Nasal Eegions 
 Treated with the Galvano-Cautery," " Naso-Pliaryngeal Polypi, with 
 illustration of Cases "; " On the Results of Treatment of Naso-Pharvn- 
 
 RUFU.S PRATT LINCOLN. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 465 
 
 gval Fibromata, with (k'liionstiatidn of successful cases, to;;(4liei- witii 
 a table of seveiity-four operations by dilTerent sur!j,eous ""; "A <'ase 
 (it Melauo-Harcoiua of the Nose, Cured by (ialvauo-Cauterizatiou "; 
 "The Surgical Uses of Electricity in the rjipcr-Air Passages," " Re- 
 curreut Naso-rharyugeai Tumor caust^d by Electrolysis. Exliildtion 
 of Patieut"; " lieport of the Evulsion of a Laryngeal Tumor which 
 liad returned twenty-two years after its removal by Laryugotomy "; 
 " I'yoktanin, Its Uses"; "The ]<].\antliemata in the Upper-Air Pas- 
 sages "; " Turbinotomy: Method of < )i>erating," and " Oro-Pharyngeal 
 Mycosis." He is a member of the Military Order of tlie Loyal Legion, 
 the ilassachusetts Medical Society, the New York County Medical So- 
 ciety, New York Academy of Medicine, New Y()rk Pathological So- 
 ciety, New York Neurological Society, American Medical AssociaCion, 
 American Academy of ^fedicine, American Laryngological Associa- 
 ti(m, American Climatological Association, Harvard ^Medical Alumni 
 Association. Harvard ^ledical Society, of New York. He married, 
 August 24, 18(!9, Caroline Carpeniei', daughter of the late Wellington 
 Tyler, of Pittsfield, Mass. They have had three children — Carrie 
 Anna, Rufus Tyler, and Helen, of whom only the latter is living. 
 
 PPE\>'E1{, (iEOI{GE E:MEKS()N, was graduated from Hamilton 
 College and from the Harvard Medical College, and since 188G has 
 been engaged in the practice of medicine in New York City. Devoting 
 himself to general practice at first, he subsequently confined himself 
 to the practice of sui'gery. He is Attending Surgeon to tiie City llos- 
 ]»ilal and Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy in the New York Col- 
 lege of Physicians and Surgeons (the Medical Department of Colum- 
 bia T'niversity I. He is a member of the ( 'entury. University, and 
 Larchmont Yacht clubs, and the New York Academy of ^lediciiie. He 
 married, in L8!I2, Effle Leighton lirown. of Chester, Pa., and has a son — 
 Leighton Prewer. Dr. Brewt>r himself was boiu in ^^'estfield, N. Y., 
 July 28, 1861, and is the son of Lrancis B. Brewei- and Susan Pood. 
 His fatlier, a ]>liysician, sul)sequenlly eiigag(^d in banking and manu- 
 facturing. He was a member of the New York l^egislature and of 
 Congress. 
 
 KENNEDY. WILLIAM CANXOX, was educated in the Illinois 
 Agricullmal <'()llege, Gene\a College, and the Missouri ^ledical Col- 
 lege, lie jiracticed medicine for two years in .Mansfield. Ohio, and, 
 since 1S,S2, has practiced in New York City, where lie is connected with 
 a private dispensary. He is a nKUilu-rol' the N<-\\ ^'ork < "ouiity Medi- 
 cal Society, the New York County ^bdical Association, and the New 
 Yoik Academ\- of 3Iedicine. "While in Ohio he belonged to the North 
 West District ^ledical Society. He was .Medical Examiner in the 
 .\ncienl Order of L'nited Workmen and lOxaiiiining and N'isifiiig I'hy 
 sician in the P. P. B. C. A. He is a member of the Washiniiton Lit- 
 
466 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 erarj Club, the United Presbyterian Churcli, and of ( 'ul^L'^^tuwn, Xo. 
 641, Free and Accepted Masons. He mamed Mary Aiken, of Logan 
 County, Oliin, and has two children — Eoscoe Emdon and Edna M. 
 Kennedy. Born in Elkton, Wasliington County, 111., tSeptember 2, 
 1856, Dr. Kennedy is the son of William Kennedy and Eleanor M., 
 daughter of Dr. Andrew Todd, of Boutli Cai'olina. His father was a 
 wealthy farmer. Uis two brothers were soldiers in the Civil War, 
 one of them being General John C. Kennedy, of Denver, Colo. His 
 mother's ancestors came from Scotland, while his father's ancestors 
 were seated in the North of Ireland, some of them having fought at the 
 siege of Derry. 
 
 E0RBE8, HENRY HALL, was educated in the New York grammar 
 schools, the College of the City of New York, and the New York Col- 
 lege of Physicians and Surgeons (the Medical Department of Colum- 
 bia College). He was graduated from the latter institution in 1S90, 
 taking the Harsen Prize, No. 1. He was House Surgeon to the Pres- 
 byterian Hospital for two years, and for one year was House Surgeon 
 to the New York Foundling Asylum. He is Surgeon to the Demilt 
 Dispensary, Physician to the New York Maternity Hospital, Attend- 
 ing Surgeon to the New York Hospital, and Assistant Surgeon to the 
 Trinity Hospital and the French Hospital. He is a member of the 
 New Yoi"k County Medical Society, the New York Physicians' Mutual 
 Aid Association, the Alumni of the Presbyterian Hospital, the Hospital 
 Graduates' Club, the Sons of the Revolution, and the Sons of Veterans. 
 He was Assistant Surgeon in the Naval Militia of the State of New 
 York, and was Past Assistant Surgeon in the United States Navy 
 during the recent war with Spain. Born in New Bedford, Mass., 
 March 20, 1S6S, he is the son of Frank Herbert Forbes and 'Slaria H. J. 
 Cox. The paternal ancestors came from Scotland. His great-great- 
 uncle was Court Physician. His father served in the United States 
 Navy as blaster's Mate during the Civil War. His great-great-grand- 
 father. James Hall, of Milfoid, Conn., was a Revolutionary soldier, 
 died in a British prison-ship at New York in 1780, and was buried in 
 the churchvard df Trinitv, on lower Broailwav, New York Citv. 
 
 CARTER, Dk LANCY, pliysician, of New York City, was born in 
 Brooklyn, October 18, 1855, an<l is the son of W. Frank Carter and 
 Mary A., daughter of Luke Clai-k. Pie descends from the Carters, of 
 Virginia, wlio intermarried with the Breckinridge, Carroll, and Lee 
 families of that State and Mai-yland. His grandmother was Mary 
 A., daughter of John A. Ellis, who (miigrated from New Hampshire 
 to the Western Reserve. Ohio, and became one of the founders of Ober- 
 lin College. The father of John A. Ellis, Colonel John Ellis, com- 
 manded the First New Hampshire Volnnt( ers during tlic Revolution. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 467 
 
 The Ellis line lias been ti-aced bac-k to Thomas Howard, Diike of Nor- 
 folk. One of the sons of Dr. Caiter's maternal grandfather, Luke 
 Clark, was the celebrated General Clark of the Crimean War. The 
 father of Luke Clark served in the French Army during- the French 
 Kevolution, while the doctor's great-great-gTandfather, in this line, 
 was a captain in the English Army, was stationed at Drogheda, 
 Province of Ulster, Ireland, and married the only child of Sir Phelim 
 O'Neil, the last scion of the eldest branch of the O'Neils of Ulster. Dr. 
 (J'arter was educated in the Xew York public schools, the College of 
 the City of New York, was graduated as a civil engineer from the 
 University of the City of New Y'ork in 187S, and in 1881 was graduated 
 from the Medical Department of Columbia University. Between 1881 
 and 1883 he was House Physician at the Workhouse and Almshouse, 
 a branch of Charity Hospital. In 1884 and 1885 lie was connected 
 with the Board of Health of New 
 York City. He was Visiting Physi- 
 cian of the Northeastern Dispen- 
 sary from 1881 to 1893, and Visit- 
 ing Physician to St. Luke's Home 
 for Indigent Females from 1881 to 
 1807. He was President of the 
 Medical Board of the latter institu- 
 tion from 1891 to 189G. He is a 
 member of the New York Academy 
 of Medicine, the jNIedical Society of 
 the County of New Yorlv. the New 
 York Pathological Society, the 
 New York County Medical Asso- 
 ciation, the Medical and Surgical 
 Society, the Lenox Medical and 
 Surgical Society, and the Physi- 
 cians' Mutual Aid Association. 
 He is a member of the Delta Up- 
 silon Society, the Alumni of the 
 
 University of the City of New Y^ork, the Alumni, Class of 1878, Univer- 
 sity of the City of New York, and the Alumni of Columbia University, 
 Medical Department. He is Past Master Workman of the Ancient 
 Order of United Workmen, 1886; is a Past District Deputy Grand 
 Master, 1887. and is a past member of the < Jrand Finance Committee, 
 1888. He is a Past liCgent. Royal Arcanum, 1889. He is also a promi- 
 nent Mason. He is Past Master of Alma Lodge, No. 728, 1891; is Past 
 High Priest of Amity Cha]iter, No. 160, 1893; is a member of Union 
 Council, Eoyal and Select Masters; is Surgeon of Palestine Commaud- 
 ery. Knights Templars; is a member of the Lodge of Perfection, Rose 
 Croix, the Council of Princes of Jerusalem Consistory, thirty-second 
 degree Mason, and is a Noble of the Mystic Slnine, ^McM'ca Temjjle. 
 
 DE LANCV CARTER. 
 
468 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 FEEXY, JOHX L., physician, was boru at Stapletou, S. I., May 2<J, 
 1S45, the son of the kite J)i*. Joseph Feeny. His father was educated 
 at Trinity College, Dublin, while he himself received his early educa- 
 tion from his father. He studied medicine under Dr. T. O. Moft'att, 
 at the Seaman's lletreat Hospital, now known as the Marine Hospital, 
 and in 1866 was graduated from the Medical Department of tlie Uni- 
 versity of the City of New York. Front 1860 to 1870 he was House 
 Physician of the Seamen's Ketreat Hos^jital, and since tlie latter date 
 has been engaged in the pi'actice of medicine on Staten Island. He 
 was Police Surgeon to the Metroijolitan Police in ISTd and 1871, and 
 has held the same position in connnection with the llicimiond Cotinty 
 Police. He was Supervisor for the town of Middletowu from 1893 
 to 1898. Since August 10, 1898, he has been Assistant Sanitary Super- 
 intendent of the Borotigh of Kichmond, Xew Y'ork City. He has been 
 Chairman of the Democratic General Committee of Richmond County 
 during the past six years, and is a member of the Democratic Club of 
 Manhattan Borough. He has four children living. The eldest, now 
 the wife of C. P. Norcross, was graduated from Wellesley College. 
 The second. Marguerite, was graduated from the Staten Island Acad- 
 emy, while the two younger children, Elsa and John L. Feeny, Jr., are 
 now students at the Academy. Dr. Feeuy's father, a Greek and Latin 
 scholar, was graduated from the old Crosby Street Medical College, 
 New York City, and. at the time of his death, was City Physician of 
 Jersey City. 
 
 WOOD, JOHX WALTElf, was graduated, in 1873, as valedictorian 
 from Grammar School No. 35, Xew York City; in 1878 was graduated 
 from the College of the City of X'ew York, and in 1881 was gradtiated 
 from the New Y'ork College of Physicians and Stirgeons. He also 
 took si)ecial courses at Bellevue Hosjutal and the New Y'ork Hospital. 
 He began practice at Madison, N. J., in 1881, btit since 1883 has prac- 
 ticed at Port Richmond, S. I. He is Visiting Surgeon to the S. R. 
 Smith Intirmary, and a member of the Richmond County Medical So- 
 ciety, the New Y'ork State Medical Society, and the Physicians' ^Mutual 
 Aid Association. He has been Health Officer of the town of North- 
 field, Health Officer of the village of Port Richmond, Coroner of Rich- 
 mond County from 1889 to 1891, and Coroner's Physician of tlie same 
 from 1886 to 1888, and from 1892 to 1897. He is now Assistant 
 Registrar of Records for tlie Bm-ougli of Richmond. He is Examining 
 IMiysician of the Foresters, the Red Men, the A. L. of H., and the A. O. 
 U. W. He is Past [Master of Riclimond Lodge, No. 66, Free and 
 Accepted Masons; is Past High Priest of Tyrian Chapter, Royal Arch 
 Masons, No. 219, and is Past District Deputy of the Twenty-seventh 
 [Masonic District. He married, in 1881, Matie S., daughter of Pro- 
 fessor J. S. Sprague, of ^Ves^ Ncav Brighton, and has three chihlren — 
 Atiues S., Walter r>onga)i. and Leroy Colye Wood. Born in .Mariners' 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 4(59 
 
 Harbor, S. I., April 23, IS.jC), lie is himself the sou of Walter Dongan 
 Wood and Catherine t^., daughter of David Van Name. 
 
 BILLINGS, JOHN HASKELL, sou of John llaskdl I'.illings aud 
 Julia A. Hubhell, was born in Bridgeport, Conn., August 20, 185G; at- 
 tended the Hopkins Grammar School, New Haven, Conn.; oomnieneed 
 study for his profession at the Yale Aledieal School, aud continued at 
 the College of Physicians and Sur- 
 geons of New York City, from 
 which he was graduated in 1878. 
 He went abroad for a year of post- 
 graduate work in the A'ieuua Hos- 
 pital, devoting himself to the spe- 
 cialty of throat diseases, to which 
 he has confined himself in his prac- 
 tice in this city continuously since. 
 He was officially connected with 
 the ^letropolitan Throat nos])ital 
 for three years, and witli tlie 
 tliroat department of the Vander- 
 bilt Clinic for two years. For one 
 year he also ])erforined duties in 
 tlie line of his specialty for the 
 Board of Health of New York ( "ity. 
 He is a Fellow of tlie Academy of 
 ]\Iedicine, and a member of the 
 County 3Iedical Society and <if 
 
 Kane Lodge, F. and A. M. He married, in 188(1, Louise, daughter of 
 Parker P. Clark, of Morristown, N. J., and has a daughter and a son — 
 Haskell Clark Billings. 
 
 JOHN HASKELL BILLINGS, M.D. 
 
 BAKTLETT, HOMEE L., attend.Ml tlie Jericho ( Vt. I Academy, the 
 Bakersfield Academical Instil ute, and was graduated from the New 
 York College of Physicians and Surgeons. He was for a year and a half 
 in the Kings County Hospital, and has since been Consulting Physician 
 to the same. In 1856 he succeeded t(» tliepracti<-e of Dr. Du Bois and Dr. 
 Crane, of Utrecht, L. L, then recently deceased, and subse(|uently re- 
 moved to Flatbush, L. L, where he has since remained. He has been 
 Physician to the Kings County Penitentiary for tw(dve years, for the 
 same period was Health Officer of Flatbush, for three years was Presi- 
 dent of the Police Board of Flatbush, for three years was School < 'om- 
 missioner, and for forty years has been a trustee of the Erasmus Hall 
 Academy. He originated the Midwood Club and was its first Picsi- 
 dent. He was born in Vennont, October 17, 1830, and is the son ef 
 Elias Bartlett and Eliza Wheelock. He descends frnm Dr. Elislia 
 Bai-tlett, the first signer of the Declaration of Independence, and from 
 
470 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Kev. Elislia ^^'lleeIoc•k, au early missionary to the Indians. His family 
 is an ancient one in Eugiaud, of Norman antecedents. Sir Walter 
 Bartelatt is its present representative in England. 
 
 ELY, ALBERT HEMAN, gynecologist, attended the Phillips (An- 
 dover) Academy, in 1885 was graduated from Yale University, and 
 STibsoquently was graduated from the New Y^ork College of Physicians 
 and Surgeons (the Medical Department of Columbia L'uiversity I . He 
 was an interne at St. Luke's Hospital, and was graduated from that 
 institution as House Surgeon in ISSfl. He studied for a year and a 
 half at Vienna and at the old IJotunda Maternity Hospital in Dublin. 
 For five years he was connected as Surgeon and Gynecologist with 
 the Out-Patient Department of Eoosevelt Hospital. He is Lecturer 
 on Gynecology at the Xew Y'ork Polyclinic, and is Attending Gyne- 
 cologist at Charity Hospital. He is a member of the University and 
 Jfanhattan clubs?. He was born in Elyria, Ohio, November 22, 18G0, 
 and is the son of Heman Ely and Mary Francis Day. Ex-President 
 Day, of Yale College, was his great-uncle. He lineally descends from 
 Nathaniel Ely. who settled in Cambridge, Mass.. in 1634, while in 1636 
 he Avas associated with Rev. Thomas Hooker in the first settlement of 
 Hartford, Conn. Dr. Ely's grandfather, Heman Ely, founded Elyria, 
 the first settlement in Lorain County, Ohio, and named both the Town 
 and the county. 
 
 DRAPER, ^YTLLIAM HENRY, engag.Hl in the general practice of 
 medicine in New York City, was graduated from Columbia Univer- 
 sity in 1851, subsequently i^eceiving the degree of Master of Arts, and 
 in 1855 was graduated from the New York College of Physicians and 
 Surgeons. He was Interne at Bellevue Hospital in 1856. He was 
 Visiting Physician to St. Luke's Hospital from 1859 to 1868, and since 
 the latter date has been Consulting Physician to the same. From 
 1862 to 1881) he was Msiting Physician to the New York Hospital, 
 while since 1889 he has been one of its consulting physicians. He has 
 been Visiting Physician to Roosevelt Hospital since 1872, and Con- 
 sulting Physician to the Presbyterian Hospital since 1880. He is a 
 member of the leading medical societies, arid lias published many 
 articles in the medical journals. 
 
 BULL, WILLIAM TILLINGHAST, eminent physician and sur- 
 geon of New Y^ork, was born in Newport, R. I., ^lay IS. 1849. He 
 descends from Henry Biili, one of the original founders of Rhode 
 Island, who was associated with Roger Williams in the settlement 
 of Pi-ovidence, was one of the seven purchasers of the island of 
 Adquidiieck, or Rhode Island, and served two terms as Governor of 
 Rhode Island and the Providence Plantations. He received a large 
 tract of land upou a portion of wliicli the city of Newport now stands. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 471 
 
 Tliv ]»i'<)pci-ty at the conicr ol' Bull aud Uioad streets, Newport, owned 
 by tJie father of Dr. I'.ull, is a part of this orijiinal tract, and lias 
 passed from father to sou for uuu-e tliau two ceuturies aud a iialf. 
 Dr. Bull was graduated from Harvard College lu 1869, subsetiueutly 
 i-eceiviug the degree of Master of Arts, and in 1872 was graduated 
 Irom the New York (.'ollege of Physicians aud ►Surgeons, ilis gradu- 
 ating thesis, on " Perityphlitis," captured the first prize. After serv- 
 ing for eighteen months as the Resident Surgeon of Bellevue Hospital, 
 lie studied medicine for two years in Eui-ope, engaging in the active 
 jnactice of his profession upon liis return to New York City iu 1875. 
 He was for two years Physician-in-Charge of the New York Disjien- 
 sary, of which he has since 
 been a trustee. As Attending 
 Surgeon, with a staff of as- 
 sistants, during the eleven 
 years dating from 1877, he 
 was in charge of tlie Cliam- 
 bers Sti-eet Hospital, a 
 branch id' the Xew York 
 Hosjjital. He resigned this 
 position to connect himself 
 with the p.areut institution. 
 He was also Attending Sur- 
 geon to St. Luke's Hospital 
 for four years, and since 1883 
 lias been one of its consulting 
 surgeons. He is Consulting 
 Surgeon to the Orthojicdic 
 Hospital and Dispensary, is 
 Consulting Surgeon to the 
 ^Fanhattan Hospital, and is 
 Surgeon-in-Charge of the Her- 
 in'a Depai"tment of tlie Hos- 
 ]>ital for Ivuptured and Crip- 
 pled. He has been one of the 
 Visiting Surgeons of the Xew 
 
 York Hospital since 1883. He is associated witli Dr. K. V. Wier 
 in the Professorship of Surgery in tlie College of Physicians and 
 Surgeons. He had held several minor positions as a teacher of anat- 
 omy and surgery prior to his call to this (duiir, having beconu^ As- 
 sistant Demonstrator of Anatomy in 187!», and Demonstrator of the 
 same in 1870, while he was Adjunct Professor of the Practice of 
 Surgery from 1887 to 1880. He has been Professor of Surgery since 
 1880. He was Consulting Surgeon to the New York State Emi- 
 grants' Hospital from 1884 to 1800, and in 1885 was Manager of the 
 New York Skin and Cancer Hospital. In 1803, he married Mrs. ^Maiw 
 
 Wir.I.IAM TII.LIXCHAST Bfl.L, M.l> 
 
472 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Xt'viiis Blaine, and has a sou, born in 18'J4. lie resides during the 
 suuinier at Newport, K. I. He is a member of the principal medical 
 societies and of the New York Club. 
 
 BANGS. LEMUEL BOLTON, is engaged in the practice of general 
 surgery in New York City. He was graduated from the College of the 
 City of New York in 1801, in 1872 was graduated from the New York 
 College of Physicians and Surgeons, and in 1873 was Interne at Belle- 
 vue Hospital. Since 1884 he has been ^'isiting Surgeon to the City 
 Hos])ital. formerly the Charity Hospital. Since 1885 he has been Vis- 
 iting Surgeon to St. Luke's Hospital. He is the author of numerous 
 articles and niniiograplis on surgical subjects, ami is a member of the 
 leading medical societies. 
 
 ^» 
 
 KINNICUTT, FRANCIS P., was graduated frcun Harvard Univer- 
 sity in 1868, subse(|U('iitly receiving the degree of ^Master of Arts, and 
 in 1871 was graduated from the New York College of Physicians and 
 Surgeons. He was House Physician to Bellevue Hospital, resigning 
 the position. He studied medicine at Vienna in 1872 and 1873, and 
 at the University of Ilcidelbci-g, and in London in 1873. He was Clin- 
 ical Assistant in diseases of tlie mind and nervous system at the 
 New York College of Physicians and Surgeons from 1873 to 1880, and 
 was Instructor in Diseases of ('hildrcn at the same institution from 
 1880 to 1887. From 1875 to 1880 he was Attending Physician to the 
 Bellevue IIos](ital Dispensary in diseases of the heart and lungs. 
 From 1877 to 1887 he was Attending Physician to the New York Hos- 
 pital Dispensary in diseases of children. Since 1880 he has been Visit- 
 ing Physician to St. Luke's Hos]»ital, and, since 1887, has been Visiting 
 Physician to the New York Cancer Hosjiital. Of the latter institution 
 he has also been a trustee since 1887. He has been Consulting Physi- 
 cian to the Babies' Hospital since- 188!>. In 1890 lie was President of 
 the Practitioners' Society, while from 1890 to 1892 he was President 
 of the Alumni Association of the New Y''ork College of Physicians and 
 Surgeons (the Medical Department of Columbia University i. In 
 1891 he was also elected a trustee of the last-mentioned institution. 
 He is engaged in general practice in New Y^ork City. 
 
 CLEVELAND, CLEMENT, prominent as a specialist in gynecology 
 and obstetrics, was born in Baltimore, Md., September 29, 18-13, the 
 son of the late Dr. Anthony Benezetto Cleveland, of that city. He 
 w^as prepared for college at Phillips Exeter Academy, and in 1867 was 
 graduated from Harvard University. He taught for one year in a 
 private classical school at Newport, K. I., and in 1871 was graduated 
 from the New York ('ollege of Piiysiciaus and Surgeons. He served 
 the full term as Interne at Charity Hospital, and subsequently at the 
 Woman's Hospital. He then served seven years as Attending Surgeon 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW VcH'tK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 473 
 
 to Charity- Hospital, resigning in 1881 on account of liis jji-ivate juar- 
 tice. For a time he was also Assistant Stirgeon to the Woman's 
 Hospital, and since 1888 has been Attending Surgeon. One of tlie 
 founders of the New York Cancer Hospital, at the outset he became 
 Attending Gynecologist on its staff, and is now its Consulting (rvne- 
 cologist and a member of its Hoard of Managers. He is likewise 
 Consulting Gynecologist to St. Vincent's Hospital. He has published 
 " Some (Observations iijion tlie Feeding of Infants," " A Case of Inter- 
 stitial Pregnancy," "On Trachelorrhaphy," "On Laparo- Vaginal 
 Hysterectomy,"' " The Palliative Treatment of Incurable Carcinoma 
 Fteri, Based upon Observations at 
 tlie Xew York Cancer Hospital," 
 " Description of a New Self-retain- 
 ing Sjiecnlum," " Lajiarotoniy in 
 Treuddeuberg"s Posture with Fxhi- 
 bition of a New Operating Table," 
 " The Treatment of Pelvic Abscess 
 by Vaginal I'uncture and Drain- 
 age," and " The Alexander Opera- 
 tion." He is a member and trustee 
 of the New York Academy of Medi- 
 cine, and a member of the ("ounty 
 Medical Society, the Obstetrical So- 
 ciety, the I'ractitioners' Society, 
 and the Physicians' Mutual Aid 
 Association, as well as of the Cen- 
 tury Association and the Harvaid 
 and University clubs. He was 
 married, June 17, 187-1, to Annie 
 Ward Davenport, of Boston, and 
 
 has a daughter, Elizabeth Manning, and two sons — Henry Davenport 
 and Clement Cleveland, Jr. The family reside at Newport, R. I., in the 
 summer. 
 
 CLEMENT CLEVEL.\XD, M.D. 
 
 WALKER, HENRY FREEMAN, New York physician, engaged in 
 general practice, was graduated from Middlebury College in 18(i(l, 
 subsequently receiving the degree of blaster of Arts, and in 1866 Avas 
 graduated from the New York ('ollege of Phy.«icians and Surgeons. 
 He was Interne of Bellevue Hosiiital in 18r)7. He was Assistant At- 
 tending Physician in Diseases of Digestion at the Demilt Dispensary 
 in 1869 and 1870, was Attending Pliysician in Diseases of the H(^art 
 and Lungs at the Bellevue Hosjtital l)is]iensary from 1870 to 1872, and 
 was Attending Physician in the Diseases of Women to the same insti- 
 tution from 1872 to 1875. He was Visiting Pliysician to the Nursei-y 
 and Child's Hosi)ital from 1871 to 1875, an<l \'isiting Physician to 
 Bellevue Hospital from 1875 to 1884. Im-oiu 1S7(; lo 1881 he was Clini- 
 
474 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 cal Asastaut iu the Discnises oi W'uiueu of the Isew York College of 
 Physicians and Surgeons (rolumbia University). He is a member 
 of tlie leading medical societies. 
 
 STEARNS, HENRY S., attended the School of Mines, Columbia 
 University from 1879 to 1881; in 1881 was graduated from the Medi- 
 cal Department of the University of the City of New York; iu 1885 
 was Interne of Rellevuc Hospital, and in 1887 studied at the Univer- 
 .sity of Menna. He was Attending Physician in the Diseases of Chil- 
 dren at the IJellevue Hospital Dispensary from 1887 to 1880, and was 
 Attending Physician in (iciieral Medicine to the Demilt Dispensary 
 from 1889 to 1892. In IS'.ii.' lie was also Assistant Visiting Surgeon 
 to Bcllevue Hospital. Since 1888 he has been Assistant in Pathology 
 in the INIedical Department of the University" of the City of New Y'ork. 
 He is a member of many leading medical societies, and is engaged iu 
 the practice of general medicine in New Y'ork City. 
 
 CLARK, ALONZO, one of the best known New Y^ork physicians of 
 his day, was graduated from Williams College in 1828, subsequently 
 receiving the degree of Master of Arts from that institution and from 
 Dartmouth College. In 1835 he was graduated from the New Y'ork 
 College of Physicians and Surgeons, while iu 1813 he received the de- 
 gree of Doctor of Medicine from the Berkshire Medical College. Ten 
 years later he received the degree of Doctor of Laws from the Univer- 
 sity of Y'ermont. He was Professor of Physiology and Pathology in the 
 New Y'ork College of Physicians and Surgeons from 1818 to 1856, 
 while from 185G to 1887 he was Professor of Pathology and Practical 
 Medicine in the same. From 1875 to 1883 he was President of the 
 faculty of this institution. He died in New Y'ork City in 1887 at the 
 age of eighty. From 1884 to 1887 he was Consulting Physician to 
 Bellevue Hospital. He held many similar positions, and was a promi- 
 nent member of the leading medical societies. 
 
 ABBE, ROBERT, born in New York City, April 13, 1851, attended 
 the public schools, and in 1870 was gradu'ated from the College of 
 the City of New Y^ork; for two years was a teacher in this institution, 
 and in 1874 was graduated from the College of Physicians and Sur- 
 geons of this city. In 1873 he had become a member of the House 
 Staff of St. Luke's Hospital and so remained for three years. In 1876 
 he engaged in private practice, at the same time being connected 
 with the College of Physicians and Surgeons as Quiz Master, Surgical 
 and Clinical Assistant, and Curator of the Museum. He was Surgeon 
 to the Out-patient Department of the New Y^ork Hospital for seven 
 years, beginning with 1877, and between that year and 1884 filled a 
 number of subordinate surgical positions in connection with several 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 other lai'ge hospitals, t^iuce 1884 he has been Attending Surgeon to 
 St. Lul^e's Hospital. For two years he was Pi"ofessor of Surgery in 
 the AN'onian's Medical College, and for six years was I'rofessor of 
 Surgery in the Post-Graduate Medical School and Hospital. For four 
 years he was Attending Surgeon to the Babies' Hospital. In addition 
 to the relation to St. Luke's Hospital mentioned above, at the present 
 time he is Attending Surgeon to the Cancer Hospital, Assisting At- 
 tending Surgeon to Koosevelt Hospital, and Consulting Surgeon to 
 the Ivuptured and Crippled Hospital. From the beginning of his 
 career he has devoted himself strictly to surgical practice. Besides 
 important contributions to tiie surgery of the spinal cord, the brain, 
 the kidneys and the liver, anil gall bhidder, his more impor-tant treat- 
 ises are " On Dupuytreu's Finger 
 
 Contraction," '' The 
 
 Surgical 
 
 Treatment of Chronic Tic Dou- 
 loureux," "'An Original Method 
 of Treating Strictures of the 
 Esophagus," " Intestinal Anas- 
 tomosis," " A New ^Method to 
 Elucidate the Internal Pathol- 
 ogy of Appendicitis." and " Tu- 
 bercular Peritonitis and Acute 
 General Peritonitis." Besides 
 tli(^ Century and Eidiog clubs 
 and the College of the City of 
 New York Alumni Association, 
 he is a member of the American 
 Surgical Association, the Society 
 of American Physicians and 
 Surgeons, the New York Surgi- 
 cal Society, the Practitioners' 
 Society, the Clinical Society, the 
 Pathological Society, and tlie 
 ■Medical and Surgical Society. 
 He married, in 1891. Catherim- 
 
 Amory ( Bennett I Palmer, widow of the late Courtlandt Palmer. He 
 is Inniself one of five sons of George Waldo Abbe, wlio ^^•.■^s a drygoo<ls 
 merchant in this city, and Charlotte Colgate. His paternal ancestor, 
 of French descent, emigrated from Enghiiid in early colonial days. an<l 
 settled in Salem, Mass., where two membeis of the family became 
 jtrominent in opposing the Avitchcraft delusion. Dr. Ablie's eldest 
 brother. Professor Cleveland Abbe, fonuerly Director of the Cincinnati 
 Observatoi-y, established in that city the first weather bureau in tlie 
 United States, and in 1871 organized tlie Government Weather Bu- 
 reau, and has since been its meteorologist. 
 
 ROBERT ABBK, M.l> 
 
476 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 FLINT, AUSTIN, wlio died in New York City in 188(J, at tlu- age 
 of sevent3'-four, was graduated from the Harvard Medical School in 
 1833, and subsequently received the degree of Doctor of Laws from 
 Yale University and the Louisville LTniversity. He founded the Buf- 
 falo Medical Journal, and was its editor from 1846 to 185G. He was 
 also one of the founders of the Buffalo Medical College in 18I(), and 
 was its Professor of the Theory and Practice of Medicine and Clinical 
 ^Medicine and Pathology from 18-16 to 1852, and from 18r)() to 1858. He 
 was Professor of the Theory and Practice of Medicine in the Univer- 
 sity' of Louisville from 1852 to 1856, was Professor of Clinical Jledicine 
 in the University of Louisiana from 1858 to 1861, and was Professor 
 of the Principles and Practice of Medicine in the Bellevue Hospital 
 Medical College from 1861 to 1886. He was Professor of Pathology 
 ami the Practice of Medicine in the Long Island College Hos])ital in 
 1861. He was ^'isiting Physician to Charity Hospital, New Orleans, 
 from 1S5S to 1861. From 1873 to 1875 he was President of the New 
 York Academy of Medicine, while in 1883 and 1884 he was Presi- 
 dent of the American Medical Association. He published the fol- 
 lowing books: "Continued Fever" (1852), "Report on Dysenteiy " 
 (1853), "Diseases of the IJespiratory Organs'" (1856 i, "Treatise on 
 the Principles and Practice of Medicine" (first edition, 1866; sixth 
 edition, 18861, "Diseases of the Heart "' (1870), "Heart Sounds" 
 (1870), "Conservative Medicine" (1874), "Phthisic" (L'-!75l, 
 "Clinical Medicine" (1879), "Physical Exploration of the l^ungs " 
 (1882), "Medical Ethics and Etiquette" (1883). and "Manual for 
 Auscultation and Percussion " (1885). He also published " The Va- 
 riation of Pitch in Percussion and Respiratoi'y Sounds," a prize essay 
 (1852), and " The Clinical Study of the Heart Sounds in Health and 
 Disease" (1859). 
 
 FLINT, AUSTIN, son of the late Dr. Austin Flint, was graduated 
 from the Jefferson ]Mcdicnl College in 1857, fr;iin whicli, in 1885, he 
 received the degree of Doctor of Laws. He was Surgeon to the Buffalo 
 General Hospital in 1858, and from 1862 to 1866 Avas Surgeon to the 
 United States (general Ilospiial at New York City. From 1874 to 
 1878 he was Siirgeou-General of the State of New York. He was 
 editor of the Buffalo Mrdh-aJ Joiinial from 1857 to 1860; was Professor 
 of Physiology in the University of Buffalo in 1858 and 1859; was Pro- 
 fessor of the same in the New Yoik ^ledical College in 1859 and 1860; 
 was Professor of the same in the New Orleans School of ^Medicine in 
 1860 and 1861, and, since 1861, has been Professor of Physiology in 
 the Bellevue Hospital iMedical College. He is the aiitliov of " Physiol- 
 ogy of ]Man " (five volumes, 1866-74; second edition, 1875), "Chemi- 
 cal Examination of Urine in Disease" (1870; sixth edition, 1884), 
 " Physiological Effects of Severe and Protracted Muscular Exercise " 
 (New York, 1871; London. 1876 i, " Textbook of Human Physiology" 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 477 
 
 (1S75; foui-tli edition, ISSiSl, " kSuiirce of Miisculiir Power" (1878), 
 Avitli a lar^c luiiuhci' of important articles and addresse.s. lie deliv- 
 ered the address in behalf of the United Htates at the Ninth Inter- 
 national Medical Congress at Washington in 1887. 
 
 FLINT, AUSTIN, son (d the pi'esent Dr. Anstin Flint, and grand- 
 son of the late Dr. Anstin Flint, was gradnated from the Bellevne 
 Hospital Medical College in 1881I. He was an Interne of Bellevne 
 Hospital in 18UU. Since 1801 he has been Visiting Physician to the 
 Midwifery Dispensaiw, New York City, and since 1891 has also been 
 Assistant Visiting Physician to the Bellevne and the Emergency hos- 
 pitals. Since 18"J2 lie has been Assistant to the Chair of Obstetrics 
 and Diseases of Women and Children of Bellevne Hospital Medical 
 College. 
 
 HAETLEY, FKANK, attenchnl the public schools of Washington. 
 D. C, and p]merson Institute; in 1877 was graduated from Princeton 
 College, and in 1880 was gradu- 
 ated from the New York College of 1 
 Physicians and Surgeons. He 
 served two years as Interne of 
 Bellevne Hospital, and spent an- 
 other period of two years in study 
 in Berlin, Heidelberg, and Vienna. 
 Upon his return to New York, in 
 
 1884, he engaged in private prac- 
 tice, confining himself to surgical 
 work. He lias Ix-en Assistant Sur- 
 geon to Iioosevelt IIos]>ital since 
 
 1885, Attending Surgeon to tlie 
 New York Hospital since 18'.I2, and 
 Consulting Surgeon to the New 
 York Cancer Hosjiital since 18U1!. 
 I'roni 188!l to 18!>2 he was Attend- 
 ing Surgeon to Bellevne Hospital. 
 For soiue time he has also been In- 
 structor in (>]ierative Surgery u]i- 
 
 on the CadaviM- in tlie New 'S'ork College of PJiysicians and Surgeons. 
 He is President of the New York Surgical Society, and a member of 
 the New York Clinical Socii'ty. the .Meilico-Chirurgical Society, the 
 Dermatological Society, the ( Jenito-T^rinary Society, and the New 
 Y(nk Pathological Society. He is a nu'inber of the University Club. 
 He is the antiior of valuable ]iapers. esjx'cially ujjou the subjects of 
 the extirpation (d" the spleen ami the liiyroid gland. He originated 
 the new nudhod of incision ui>on the neck, involving operating in tlie 
 natural cleavage of the skin, exposing the anterior and the pos- 
 
 FR.^NK H.\KTLKV, iM.D. 
 
478 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 terior triangles of the neck so that diseased processes may be re- 
 moved in an anatomical manner and leave the slightest observable 
 scar. He also originated the method of removing the Gasserian 
 ganglion for inveterate trigeminal neuralgia, an operation which be- 
 comes necessary in critical cases where operations upon the terminal 
 nerves, as well as all medications, have failed to relieve persistent 
 pain. Dr. Hartley was born in the city of Washington, June 10, 1856, 
 the son of John Fairfield Hartley and Mary D. King. His ancestors 
 on both sides are of colonial New England stock, the immediate pa- 
 ternal ancestors being natives of Maine. His father was connected 
 with the Treasury Department at Washington during the thirty-five 
 years from 1S3S to 1875, in the capacities of Clerk, Chief Clerk, and 
 Assistant Secretary. After holding the position of Assistant Secre- 
 tarj of the Treasury for ten years he resigned in May. 1875, and re- 
 moved to the old Hartley homestead, near Saco, Me., which has been 
 in the possession of tlie family for more than n century. 
 
 SIMS, JAMES MARION, has been styled the " Father of American 
 Gynecology." There is a sense in which this claim may be allowed, 
 without conceding the extravagant claims made by Dr. Sims himself, 
 and by others for him. He was born in Lancaster County, Soutli 
 Carolina, January 25, 1813, and died at Washington, D. C, November 
 13, 1883. Through his father, John Sims, he descended from an old 
 Virginia family, while his mother was of Scotch-Irish descent, a daugh- 
 ter of Charles Mackey. He was graduated from the South Carolina 
 College in 1832, attended lectures at the Charleston Medical College, 
 and in 1835 was graduated from the Jefferson Medical College of Phila- 
 delphia. He was a counti'y physician from this time until December, 
 1810, when he settled in Montgomery, Ala. Here he gained a local 
 reputation as a, surgeon, performing a successful operation for club- 
 foot. Between December, 1815. and June. 1819, he conducted his fa- 
 mous exjK'rinKMits to cure vesico-vaginal fistula, having from six to 
 eight patients who were afflicted with this dreadful disorder. From 
 1819 to 1853 chronic diarrhea incapacitated him for practice for the 
 most part, wliile he visited various parts of the country. Believing 
 himself about to die, he gave his first account of his method for vesico- 
 vaginal fistula in the article, " On the Treatment of Yesico- Vaginal 
 Fistula," in the American Journal of Medical Sciences, for January, 
 
 1852. In March, 1853, he sold his house and lot in Montgomery, Ala., 
 to Dr. Nathan Bozeman. of that city, for .'R10,000, while on IMay 27, 
 
 1853, Dr. Sims removed to New York City. To some of the leading 
 physicians of New York Dr. Sims advanced the project of a hospital 
 devoted entii-ely to the diseases of women, but none of these cared to 
 go out of their way to inaugurate such an institution for him. With 
 the aid of a newspaper man he announced a meeting through the press, 
 at wliich he would address the medical profession on this subject. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF XEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 479 
 
 Many attended the meeting, the project was indorsed, and a conimit- 
 Tee of eminent physicians appointed to take the matter in hand. A 
 number of prominent society women were also interested, and the 
 Woman's Hospital of the State of New Yoi'k was incorporated, opening 
 its doors in a small way, in May, 1855. Dr. Sims was its surgeon. Dr. 
 Thomas Addis Emmet becoming his assistant, and subsequently his 
 successor. With the exception of a few months. Dr. Sims resided and 
 practiced in Europe throughout the period of the (_'ivil War. He was 
 Surgeou-in-Chief of the Anglo-American Ambulance Corps with the 
 I'rench Army in 1870. Eeturning to Xew York he became a member 
 of the Board of Surgeons of the Woman's Hospital, from January, 
 1872, to December, 1871, wlu'u he resigned, because the Board of 
 Managers objected to the presence of more than fifteen medical ob- 
 servers of operations at a time. In 187(5 he was elected President of the 
 American Medical Association, while in 1880 he was President of the 
 American Gynecological Society. He was at Paris during the greater 
 part of the years 1882 and 1883. His wife, four daughters, and a son, 
 Dr. Harry Marion Sims, survived him. Between Dr. Sims and Dr. 
 Nathan Bozeman there is a historic question of priority in perfecting 
 the treatment for vesico-vaginal and recto-vaginal fistula. While the 
 popular o])inion favors Sims, the documentary evidence establishes the 
 claim of Dr. Bozeman. It is now admitted that "in evei-y particular 
 feature of the operation on which his success depended Dr. Sims had 
 been anticipated " ( Dr. Thomas Addis Emmet : " Principles and Prac- 
 tice of Gynecology," 3d ed., p. 817). In Holland, Great Britain, Ger- 
 many, and France the speculum had been employed to display the 
 fistula, while sutures of various kinds had been applied. The opera- 
 tion had been successful in some cases, where the fistula was small, 
 but was generally unsuccessful. The speculum, the clamp sutures, 
 the kuee-and-chest position, and the paring of the edges of the fistula, 
 which were the features of Dr. Sims's original paper, published in 
 1852, had been ]iul)lislied by :\retzler in 1846. Moreover, in his paper, 
 Sims recognized that Hayward, of Boston, had been successful be- 
 tween 183t; and 1810 with the silk suture; and that Dr. Mettauer, of 
 Virginia, Jiad been successful in 1817 with interrupted sutures of lead 
 wire, — the lattei' exjiressing the belief that every case of vesico-vaginal 
 fistula could lie rured in tliis way. Dr. Sims originally advocated 
 the quill suture, securing the edges of the fistula with clamps. He 
 claimed that he had effected cures in six or eight cases, hnf did not 
 piiliVi^h his cuftrfi. Those who attempted to follow him, however, al- 
 most uniformly reported failure in all cases except the very simplest, 
 through the sloughing out of the clamps, enlarging the fistula. Dr. 
 Bozeman, who had assisted Dr. Sims in some of the hitters opera- 
 tions, at Montgomery, Ala., becoming his follower, and, for a time, 
 his |(arfn(n-, found that this was a cause of failure in all his cases except 
 the simplest. To meet this, lie modified the practice. He abandoned 
 
480 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 the (iiiill, ui- e-laiiii), .suture, using the simple iuteiTupted meuillic 
 suture, as Mettauer had done, but with a button or shield, Avhieh 
 enabled him to secure the sutures hrmlr, and, at the same time, pro- 
 tect the parts from the puis()nt)us mine. With this arrangement, 
 coupled with the preparatory treatment devised by liim, he announced 
 almost uniform success in the most complicated cases, i)iihHshiii<i his 
 cases. Others who tested the matter in practice corroborated his 
 claims. In his "Silver t^utures in Surgery" (1857), Sims charged 
 that Bozemau was gxasping after laurels which belonged on Sims's 
 brow. He acknowledged that none of his followers had reali/.ed the 
 success with his clamp suture claimed by himself, but he attributed 
 it to lack of skill. Nevertheless, in the same address, he announced 
 his own abandonment of the clamp suture and the adoption of the sim- 
 ple interrupted metallic suture. I>ut since Mettauer and others had 
 preceded him here, he claimed th.it his meiit lay in the introduction 
 of the silver wire as a suture in surgery. But here, again, priority 
 must be denied. Tln' credit belongs to Dr. H. D. Levert, of Mobile, 
 Ala., who, in a treatise published in the Auk ricaii JnunmJ of the Medical 
 f^cicitces, in 3Iay, 182!), announced the results of experiments upon 
 animals with sutures of silk, hemp, gold, silver, platinum, lead, etc. 
 The advantage of tlie silver wire in surgery was here set forth. More- 
 over, in a letter in the Lancet, for November 21, 1831, M. Gosset, of 
 London, announced his successful use of wire, gilded with silver, as 
 a simple interrupted suture secured by twisting, in a case of vesico- 
 vaginal fistula. " ITis paper," says Dr. Emmet, " as clearly defines the 
 advantages of the metallic sutures as if given in the words of Dr. 
 Sims himself" (/(/., p. 817). Moreover, Dr. Sims's early claims of 
 success with his clamp suture have been impugned. One of the cases 
 which he had thouglit cured — that of his own servant — jjroved not 
 to be so, the cure in this case being subsequently accomplished by Dr. 
 Bozeman. The slave-girl, " Anarcha." mentioned in Dr. Sims's 
 " Story of My Life," as one of the patients originally cured by him, was 
 never cured, according lo tlic written statement of her former owner, 
 seen by the writer of these lines. Tiie facts in the other cases are un- 
 known, as Dr. Sims did not record the cases. Dr. Sims's published 
 statements also show that he resorted to kolpokleisis for some time, in 
 the complicated cases which Dr. Bozemau had learned to cure. In his 
 " Silver Sutures in Surgery," Dr. Sims mentions three cases in which 
 he resorted to the expedient of kolpokleisis to secure continence of 
 urine, while he mentions seven others in letters published in the 
 yirijiniit Moiitlilii Shilio.si-opc and Medical Reporter. Tliis was the 
 idi'Utical jtracticc of rmrcssor (iustav Simon, and sucli an autliority 
 as Dr. Emmet says of il. tliat "no greater mistake can be made in 
 surgery," and that even " inciirabh' cases are better without the re- 
 tentive ]»ower when gained by Simon's mctliods" {Id., p. 836). Yet 
 this was Sims's method in at least ten cases, between December 10, 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW VORK LllOGRAPlLV. iSl 
 
 1S55, aud June 2i, 1850, a little iiiuie thau f.ix luoiitlisl Bui liie 
 really revolutionary feature iu the treatment of vesico-vagiual fistula 
 consisted in the practice originated by Dr. Bozeman, of freely dividinii' 
 cicatricial bands aud dilatiuy the vagina for the purpose of relievinii' 
 the tension of the tissues before attemptiu<i to close the fistula. This 
 it Avas which actually bronuht under the control of the surgeon these 
 dread disorders, and Avithout it, \hr methods of t^ims and of all others 
 were almost eqtially tinavailing in all exce]>t the simi)le cases, of a 
 small tistida without complications. Dr. Bozeman's prepai-atory treat- 
 ment so diminished the resistance that the simple interrupted metallic 
 suture was capable of holding the parts until union was effected; and, 
 with this advantage, the form of stiture employed became a second- 
 ary matter. While himself abroad, exhibiting his method, in the 
 London Medical Times und (lazette for November 27, 1858, Dr. Boze- 
 man emphasized the fact that failures were always liable " unless the 
 preparatory treatment is carried to the extent of complete dilatation 
 of the vaginal canal before attempting closure of the fistula." The 
 TJegister of the Woman's Hospital shows that it was subsequent to 
 this, in the latter part of December, 1858, that Dr. Sims introduced 
 this gradual preparator\ treatment, with his new form of suttire, — 
 the simple inteiTupted silver suture, with, a modification of tiie Boze- 
 man stiture adjuster, btit Avith tlie Bozeman btitton onutted. On 
 January 24, 185!l, in the case of Mary iNIcL., for tlie first time Dr. Sims 
 combined incisions with the use of his glass plug. On the other hand, 
 all must concede that Dr. Situs's success in organizing the Woman's 
 Hospital was a principal factor in gaining for the department of gyne- 
 cology in general the prominence which it has since attained. For 
 this, for his skill as a gynecologist, and for the publication of his 
 '' Uterine Surgery," he deserves full credit. But it is plain that his 
 claim of having perfected the treatment for vesico-vaginal fistula was 
 premature, and that tlie actual accrni])lishnient of this was the work 
 of another, who began as his follower. Vet it was largely iu virtue 
 of his mistaken claim that Dr. Sims obtained the Woman's Hospital. 
 Aud since he adopted the exjiedient of kolpokleisis, contemporaneous- 
 ly with Dr. Simon, of Heidelberg, it is evident that his inability really 
 to solve the problem which he had claimed to have solved would have 
 soon become a))]iarent. had not the work of Dr. Bozeman been pub- 
 lished in the nick of time. Dr. Sims had the nieiit of promptly adopt- 
 ing modifications of Dr. Bozeman's methods, and the demeiit of ai)pro- 
 priating the credit to himself. 
 
 BOZEilAN, NATHAN, was born near Greenville. Butler County, 
 Ala., March 26, 1825. the son of Nathan Bozeman and Harriet, daugh- 
 ter of Captain Nathaniel Knotts, a patriot officer in the Revolution. 
 His paternal grandfather, Joseph Bozeman, a native of Bladen County, 
 North Carolina, of Dutch descent, was also a patriot soldier in the 
 
482 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 llevolutiou. Dr. Bozeman atteuded the public schools, was prepared 
 for colleiie, aud in 1848 was graduated from the Medical Department 
 of the University of Louisville, having also been a private pupil of Dr. 
 Samuel D. Gross, Professor of Surgery in the University. Subsequent 
 to his graduation, as assistant to I'rofessor Gross, Dr. Bozeman admin- 
 istered chloroform in an operation of ovariotomy by Professor Henry 
 Miller, of Louisville, the tirst successful one under anesthesia in the 
 United States. Dr. Bozeman began practice in Montgomery, Ala., 
 where l>r. J. Marion Sims then resided aud practiced, aud in June, 
 1840. the very montli in which Sims perfected his treatment of vesico- 
 vaginal fistula with tlic chim]) suture. Dr. Bozeman assisted in s(nne 
 of Dr. Sims's operations, their relations being very friendly. As stated 
 by Dr. Sims, in " The Story of My Life," death stared him in the face 
 from chronic diarrhea. He had found that the water and climate 
 of New York agreed with him, and he was enabled to remove 
 thither in 1853 through tlu' assistance of Dr. Bozeman, wlio pur- 
 chased his residence at Dr. Sims's own valuation, 810, •'<"), agreeing 
 to pay interest on this sum at eight per cent., semi-annually. The 
 income thus received sustained Dr. Sims while making his start in New 
 York. In recognition of the service, he annoumed a partnership with 
 Dr. Bozeman during the three montlis before he removed with his 
 family from ^Montgomery, Ala., to >,'ew York City. In his autobiogra- 
 phy Sims states that at this time he initiated Dr. Bozeman in Ids own 
 method of treating vesico-vagiual fistula. In fact. Dr. Bozeman be- 
 gan as an enthusiastic f(dlower of Sims. In his original publication 
 of his method, in January. 1832, Sims attributed his success to the 
 form of suture used by him, a form of the metallic (luill suture, which 
 he styled the " clamp suture." " Tliis suture is far preferable to any- 
 thing before suggested for the purixise," was Sims's original claim. 
 " Its introduction dates from June, 1849, since which lime I have had 
 comparatively little trouble in tlie treatment of the great majority of 
 cases of vesico-vagiual fistula." Between May, 1853, aud :May, 1855, 
 Dr. Bozeman employed the Sims's method and clamp suture in eight 
 cases of vesico-vagiual fistula, and was successful in two eases. These 
 two were of a simple character, without loss of tissue. He published 
 full accounts of them, giving Dr. Sims credit in the terms of an enthu- 
 siastic pupil. (See New Orleans MnJliit] ditd Siiriilcal Joiinnil, for 
 May, 1854, aud the Soutlicni Medical and Siiri/ical Jniinnth for August. 
 1855.) A letter from Sims to Bozeman subsequent to these publica- 
 tions is interesting as showing (ll the cordial relations then existing 
 between the two men, (2) Sims's estimate of Dr. Bozeman's skill in 
 the use of Sims's own method and clamp suture, aud (3 1 the recognition 
 by Sims that in one of these cases Bozeman had succeeded where 
 there was a complication witli which not even Sims liimself had there- 
 tofore been successful. The original of this letter, dated November (>. 
 1855. was examined bv the writer. It contains the following: " I am 
 
EXXYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 483 
 
 under great obligations, aud scieuoe is under lasting obligations to 
 you, for your beautiful, surcessful operation for vesico-vaginal fistula, 
 oomiilicated by laceration of the cervix uteri. Yours is the first suc- 
 cessful operation of the kind on record. Four or five weeks ago I per- 
 formed just such an operation as yours, aud with the same happy re- 
 sult, i'reviously to seeing the report of your case, I had some fears 
 as to the success of the operation, but you drove them all away, and 
 I operated with the utmost confidence of success. I am proud of your 
 achievement. . . . You wield a moral power that will place you 
 before the eyes of your i)rofcssioual brethren exactly as you deserve 
 to stand. Persevere in your straightforward, high, and honorable 
 course, and no human effort can prevent ycju from reaching both fame 
 and fortune. I do not know any man of yonr age in our whole coun- 
 tiw so fortunately circumstanced as you are at this moment." This is 
 a powerful commentary upon fc?ims's preposterous claims, and outra- 
 geous insinuations against Bozeman, in his " Silver Sutures in Sur- 
 gery ■' (1858). But while Dr. Bozeman had cui'ed two cases by Sinis's 
 method, he had failed in six cases. In oup of these six cases, where 
 there was a double fistula complicated with cicatricial contractions, he 
 had devised and introduced his gradual i)reparatory treatment. After 
 several weeks of this, he applied the clamp suture, March 23, IS.j.j. 
 But the tissues ulcerated and the clamps cut out. He then perceived 
 that the poisonous urine prevented the union of the tissues. To rem- 
 <'dy this, he abandoned the clamp, or modified (juill suture, of Sims, 
 and combined his own device of a supporting and protecting shield, 
 or button, with the simple interrupted metallic suture, with its inde- 
 pendent action, which had been employed by Mettauer. He substi- 
 tuted silver wire for the lead wire used by Mettauer, while his protect- 
 ing biitton was an improvement upon the methods of both Mettauer 
 and Gosset. His first application of the new suture, on May 12, 1855, 
 was in one of the six cases in which lie had failed with the clamp suture 
 after three trials. The button suture effected a cure on the first appli- 
 cation. In fact, he now cured every case. In the Louisville Rrriiir, 
 May 1, 185(1, he gave details of the first seven cases under the new 
 method in his "Remarks on Vesico-Vaginal Fistula, with an acc<iunt 
 of a New Mode of Suture, and seven successful operations." The edi- 
 tors of the Hcrlcir .iustly said at the time: " Dr. Bozenum now stands 
 before the world as the most successful operator for the disease in (|ues- 
 tion that the profession has yet ])roduced." Ojierators who had been 
 unsuccessful by the metlunl of Sims, reported success by the method 
 of Bozeman. Baker Brown succeeded with the button suture in his 
 first operatio]), October 15, 185G (London Medical 7'/y;/r.v and Gazrlli; 
 November 15, 185G), and " observed that this method of operation had 
 convinced him that cases hitherto intractable to treatment would be 
 found to be curable by this o])eration." Before the Georgia State 
 Medical Society, April 8, 1857, Dr. Kollock, of Savannah, said : " Nine 
 
484 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 oi^eratious by suture were ])c'rformed, sevou bv the chinip suture of Dr. 
 Siuis, ;iud tlie other two by the button suture of Dr. Bozeman. The 
 chiuip suture failed in every instance to effect cure — even in the two 
 eases which seeuicil as favorable fur its success as could be desired." 
 l>ut lie announ(( <1 coinplete success with Bozemau's suture. Even 
 Dr. Sims, as he tells us in his "Silver Sutures in Surgery,"' abau- 
 (hmed the clanij* suture twehe days after the ])ublicati()n of Bozemau's 
 button-suture method, with gradual jireparatorv treatment. Fifty- 
 four days later he adopb-il the simple interrtipted sihcrwire suture, 
 \\itli Jiozeman's suture adjuster, slightly modified, — disi>ensing with 
 the shield. In the Xoiili Aiiicrlcdii M((]icfi-('liinii-(ii<-(il I'iririr, for July 
 and November, 1S.">7, L)r. I>ozeiiian ])ul)lished accounts of fifteen new 
 eases, involving twenty-four o])erations, twenty-one of which had suc- 
 ceeded at the first trial. Tn t liree cases additional operations were nec- 
 essary, and these i)royed success- 
 ful. In this grou}), vesico-uteriue, 
 urethro-vaginal and urethro-vesico- 
 vaginal fistuhe were included. 
 A'aluable as was the shield or l)tit- 
 tou, still more so Avas Dr. Boze- 
 mau's method of gradual juepara- 
 tory treatment for overcoming 
 cicatricial contractions of the 
 vaginal jiassage. The impor- 
 tance of this was not so soon 
 appreciated by the profession, how- 
 ever. In June, 1S5S, Dr. Bozenuin 
 visited Europe, operating for vesi- 
 co- vaginal fistula in the hospitals of 
 London, Edinburgh, (ilasgow, and 
 Paris. In a letter he insisted upon 
 gradual preparatory treatment 
 with an emphasis which led Dr. 
 Sims and others to take the hint. 
 (See preceding sketch, i Like 1 »r. Simon, of Ileidelberg, having failed 
 to see that the functions of the organs could be preserved in nearly 
 every case by preparatory treatment. Dr. Sims had been resorting to 
 kolpokleisis to secure continence of tiriue. He now abandoned this, 
 substantially adopting tlu^ Bozeman methoil in every feature except 
 the shield. The register of the Woman's Hospital shows he also fre- 
 (juently adojited tlu^ shield in coiii])licated cases. In 1859, Dr. Boze- 
 man establisjied a jirivate hospital for women in New Orleans. In 
 1801 he became Attending Surgeon to Charity Hospital in that city. 
 He published accounts of his cases in Europe and of later cases in 
 Aiuerica, together with the record of successful a]>i)lication of the but- 
 ton suture to varicose veins. In 1801 he successfully performed an 
 original o]>eration — Kolpo-cystotomy — for drainage in a case of 
 
 NATHAN BOZEMAN, M.D. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDI.V OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 485 
 
 chrouie cystitis and iileeratidii of the bladder, lie [laifii-ipated in 
 the tiist l)attle of Bull JJun as t^uriieoii in the (Jon federate Army, sub- 
 sequently serviug on the Aledieal Exanuninj;' Hoard. In ISdti he re- 
 moved to New York City, two years later establishiui;- a private hos- 
 pital for women. He successfully performed an original operation 
 for uretero-vaginal fistula in l^i7(l, and one for recto-utero-vaginal fis- 
 tula in 1871. He published several i)amphlets in controversy with 
 Dr. Pinion, who was still practicing kolpokleisis, carrying many in 
 Europe with him. In 1874-77, ]>r. I'.ozeman was in Europe demon- 
 strating the superiority of liis uh-iIkxI over icolpokleisis at the Uni- 
 versity of Heidelberg in 1871, at the (leueral Hospital in Vienna in 
 187"), and at the Hospital Beaujon, Paris, in 1870. From February, 
 1878, until his resignation eleven years later, he was Surgeon to the 
 Woman's Hospital of this city. He devised a system of preparatory 
 treatment for the operation of ovariotomy. On December 2, 1881, 
 he removed a cyst of the pan(i<'as weighing 20.V pounds, the first 
 successful case on record {.]fr,linil fi'ccord, January, 1882). In 1885 
 he converted a vesico-uterine fislula, attended by loss of tissue, into a 
 vesico-utero-vaginal fistula, which he cured, preserving the normal 
 outlet of the uterus. This had not been done before. The following 
 year he cured a young man who had suffered for twenty years from 
 a recto-urethro-vesical fistula. In November, 1886, in a case in which 
 he performed kolpo-cystotomy to drain the bladder and give it physio- 
 logical rest, he invented his vesico-vaginal drain. The same year, by 
 means of preparatory treatment, he cured a case where vesico-vaginal 
 fistula was complicated by almost c<nnplete laceration of the perineum, 
 loss of the vaginal portion of the cervix uteri, partial incarceration 
 of the latter in the bladder so as to obstruct the mouth of the left 
 ureter, ityiuiephrosis and se]>tic jioisoning. By means of incisions and 
 his diain he exhibited the mouth of the meter, dilated it, completely ca- 
 theterized it, and irrigate<l the jx-lvis of the kidney which was filled 
 with i)us. \Vheu the diseased kidney was cured, the fistula was dosed 
 ( 7'/7///.v., !»th Int. Med. Cong., 1887, vol. ii. ). Another remarkable 
 case is recm-ded in his " Chronic Pyelitis successfully treated by Kolpo- 
 uretero-cystotomy. Irrigation of the I'elvis of the Kidney and Intra- 
 vaginal Drainage" (ADicricdii Jdiinidl nf MiilicaJ ^riritrrf^, ;Marcli and 
 A|,ril, 1888 1. He contributed a historical study of the early history 
 of ovariotomy by the long incision ( abotijt 200 pages, octavo I to the 
 •■ l*.iograi>hy of Ephraini ^icDowell, :\[.D."' (1890). He has publish<>d 
 numerous monograiihs, which can not be refeiTcd to here. In 18!)1 the 
 University of Alabama confdied ujioii him the degree of Doctor of 
 Laws. 
 
 BOZEMAN, NATHAN GROSS, son of Dr. Nathan Bozeman, of 
 this city, and, like his father, a specialist in gynecology, was born 
 in Montgomery, Ala., February 13, 185G, attended Manhattan Colleges 
 
486 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 New York Citv; .^utuu ilall College, South Orange, X. J., schools in 
 MoiTistown, N. J., and rJaltiniore, IMd.; bet\Yeeu 1873 and 1877 stud- 
 ied at ('obui'g, (TerniauT, 'S'evay, Switzerland, and Paris; was gradu- 
 ated from the Academic Department of the University of 'S'irginia 
 in 1877; from the Sheffield Scientific School of Yale University in 1882, 
 and in 1885 was graduated from the College of Physicians and Sur- 
 geons of this city. He became one of the House Staff of the Woman's 
 Hospital through competitive examination, and during the last year 
 of his term acted as House Surgeon. In 1888 he became Assistant 
 Attending Surgeon to tlie Woman's Hospital, Outdoor Visiting Phy- 
 sician to the French Hospital, and Insti'uctor in the Post-Graduate 
 
 Medical School. At the present 
 time he is "S'isiting Gynecologist to 
 St. Francis's Hospital, Jersey City, 
 and to St. Mary's Hospital, Hobo- 
 ken, and Consulting Gynecologist 
 to the Bayonne City Hospital. He 
 has contributed to medical jour- 
 nals and has developed an original 
 metliod of applying continuous 
 irrigation for drainage after cer- 
 tain surgical operations. He is a 
 member of the Xew Y'(U'k State 
 Medical Association, the New Y'ork 
 County Medical Association, the 
 New York County ^Medical Society, 
 the Woman's Hospital Medical So- 
 ciety, and the Physicians' ^lutual 
 Aid Association. He married, in 
 188!), :\rnrion. (hiughter of the late 
 T'olonel -loliii (J. .McHenry, of Mad- 
 ison, Ga. He is himself also of 
 Southern stock. His great-grand- 
 father, Joseph I>oz(Muan. of Dutch 
 descent, was a ])rominent ei(iz<'n of Bladen ('ounty. South Carolina, 
 and a Kevolutionary soldier. His mother was a daughter of llev. B. B. 
 Lamar, one of tlic limndiMs of ^Macon, (ia., and granddangliter of John 
 Lanuir, of Huguenot desceiil, wlio served under MaiioM and Pickens in 
 the Revolution, ]>ainci]ia1e(l at Futa'w, Cowpens, and llic siege of 
 Augusta, and was thrice wounded. 
 
 NATHAN GROSS liO/.KMAN, M.D 
 
 THOMAS, THEODORE GAILLARD, was graduated Irom the 
 Medical College of the State of Soutli Caiolina in 1852, and studied 
 at the Lying-in Asylum in Dublin in 18r)4:, and at the hospitals of Paris 
 from 1851 to 185G. From 1855 to 18G0 he was Attending Physician 
 of Demilt Dispensary in tjiis city (diseases of the skin). During the 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 487 
 
 same period he was Lecturer ou Obstetrics in tlie University of tlie 
 City of New York. From 1SG3 to 1865 be was Adjunct Professor of 
 Obstetrics and Diseases of ^^'olllell and Children in the New York 
 College of Physicians and burgeons, while he was Professor of the 
 same from 1S65 to 1879. He was Professor of Diseases of A^'onlen 
 in the same institution from 1879 to 1889. He was Visiting Ph\sician 
 to Bellevue Hospital from 1859 to 1871, having been an Inteime of the 
 same in 1853, and was Msiting Physician to the Charity Hosiiital from 
 18(i0 to 1806, to the New York tSlatc Woman's Hospital from 1861 to 
 
 1870, to the Strangers' Hospital in 1871 and 1872, to Eoosevelt Hos- 
 pital from 1871 to 1881, and to the :\ratcnuty Hospital from 1878 to 
 1880. He was Consulting I'hysician to St. Mary's Female Hospital, 
 Brooklyn, from 1869 to 1884, and to St. Francis's Hospital, Jersey Ciiy, 
 from 1870 to 1880, while he has been Consulting Physician to the 
 Woman's Hospital since 1870, to the Nursciy and Child's Hospital 
 since 1871, to the New I'ork Infirmary for Women and Children since 
 
 1871, to the New Y'ork Foundling Asylum since 1880, and to the 
 French Hospital since 1881. He was President of the New York 
 Obstetrical Society in 1866, and in 18C)9 was President of the Medical 
 Society of the County of New York. He was Secretary of the New 
 York Academy of Medicine from 1859 to 1801, and was its A'ice-Presi- 
 dent from 1878 to ISSl. His Avell-known " Practical Treatise on Dis- 
 eases of Women " reached its tiftli t-dition in 1880. He has several 
 times operated successfully for inversion of tl'e uterus by an incision 
 tlu'dugh the abdominal wall, so as to reach the constricted os uteri 
 from above and apply a dilating force. He has advocated the removal 
 of fibrous growths from the uterus and tumors by enucleation. In 
 1878 he advocated the use of Kibbee's fever-cot as a means of applying 
 cold to the body so as to reduce the Idgh temperature during ovari- 
 otomy. In February, 1870, he removed an ovarian tumor from Doug- 
 las's cul-de-sac by making an incision in t he septum, drawing the tumor 
 into the vagina, and there separating it from its attachments {Amrri- 
 c(i)i Jnitnial of Medical Sriaici'.^t. April, 1870). He has invented a wire 
 cuictic or scrajier, a serrated scoop, or sjjoon-saw, and a trocar fur tap- 
 
 Jiillg n\;lli;ni cVsts. 
 
 BAREOWS, CHAPLES CLIFFOKD, was graduated from the Fni- 
 versity of Virginia in 1879, in 1880 was graduated from the Univer- 
 sity of the City of New York, and was, for eighteen months. Interne 
 at Bellevue Hospital. He then entered the United States Army as 
 Assistant Surgeon with the rank of First Lieutenant. For five years 
 he served under General Crook in the Apache campaigns, was with 
 the detachment which captured the famous chief, Geronimo. and 
 as medical officer on General Crook's staff, was in charge of live 
 hundred prisoners from Geronimo's band who were conveyed to 
 
488 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 i'oit Mniion at St. Aiiiiustine, Fla. nesiiiiiiin;- his commission iu 
 1887, lie bepin the practice of medicine in New York City in 
 partnei'sliip wirh Dr. William .M. Polk, son of General Leo- 
 nitlas I'ltlk, and has made a specialty of gynecology and ob- 
 stetrics. He is Assistant Gynecologist to Bellevue Hospital, and 
 Instructor in Gynecology in the University of the City of New York. 
 He has been President of the Alumni Association of Bellevue Hos- 
 pital, is a Fellow of the New Y'ork Academy of Medicine, and a Fellow 
 of the Obsteti-ical Society, and is a member of the Clinical Society, the 
 County Medical Society, the Physicians' ilutnal Aid Association, the 
 Century. Calumet, and Democratic clubs, the Sons of the devolution, 
 and tlie Southern Society. He married, in ISSG, Hettie Curtis, of San 
 
 Francisco, and has a daughter and 
 a son — David Nye liarmws. Born 
 in Jackson, Miss., June 5, 1857, Dr. 
 Barrows is the son of Da^id N^'e 
 Barrows and Carcdine Elizabeth 
 Moseley. His father, a prominent 
 lawyer, was Assistant Treasurer of 
 the Confederacy during the Civil 
 War. His great-grandfather. Cap- 
 tain Nye, was a member of the 
 Massachusetts General Court, com- 
 manded a company in the Massa- 
 chusetts line during the Bevolu- 
 tion, and distinguished himself at 
 the battle of Fair Haven, Septem- 
 ber 14, 1778. r)r. Barrows descends 
 from J(din Barrows, who emi- 
 grated from England to Salem, 
 JIass., in 1()?)7, and traced descent 
 frcmi Thomas Barrows, Master of 
 the Bolls in London in 1483; from Henry Barrows, tlie Martyr, 1592, 
 and from Richard Barrows, \\ li<ise bronze tablet, dated 1(1(15, is in the 
 church at AA'inThrop, England. 
 
 CHARLES CI.IKFORI> HARROWS, M.D. 
 
 TAVLoi;. ISAAC K., who died in New York City in ISS'.I, at the 
 age of seventy-eight, was graduated from Bulgers College in 18;?0, and 
 in medicine from tlu^ Cniversity of Pennsylvania in 1834. He Avas 
 Professor of Obstetrics and the Diseases (>f Women and Children in 
 Bellevue Hospital ^ledical College from 18(il to 18(;7. and was limer- 
 itus Professor from 18(i7 until his death in 188S>, while during the en- 
 tire period, from 1801 to 1889. he was President of the Faculty of 
 Bellevue Hospital iledical College. He was Consulting Physician to 
 Bellevue Hospital from 1876 to 1889. 
 
EXCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 489 
 
 .McCREADY, BEy.TA:\IIN ^^■., was i;raduatea from the New York 
 ('olh'ne of riiysiriniis and Siir.ncons in 1835. For a time lie was Pi-o- 
 fessoi- of Materia :Me(li(a in i he New Yorlv College of Pharmaey. From 
 1861 to 1872 he was I'rolcssor of .Materia Mediea and Therapeuties in 
 tlie P.ellevn(' IIo8i;ital IMi'dical College, and from 1872 until his death 
 in 1892 was Emeritus Professor. He was Consultiuo' Pli.vsician to 
 Bellevue Hospital from 1871 to 181)2. His death occurred at New 
 York City, when lie was seveutynine veais of aiie. 
 
 CHAMBERS. PORTER FLFWFLLEX, was -raduated in 187:! from 
 Emory Collei^e, Oxford. Ca.; in 1S7G was graduated from Bellevue 
 Hospital Medical Colle|.ie, and from 1881 to 1891 was associated in 
 ]>ractice with Dr. Thomas Gaillard Thomas, tlie enuneut syuecolooist 
 of this city. Dr. Chambers has 
 since continued to follow this siie- 
 cialty. He has beeu a very success- 
 ful operator, his abdominal woilc 
 showinti a mortality of but three 
 per cent. He has served on the 
 House Staff of the Presbyterian 
 Hos]>ital, and been a member of the 
 staff of the Woman's Hospital. He f^ 
 
 h;is contributed to mediial .jmn- 
 
 nals, is a member of vari(ms medi- 
 cal societies, and is also a member 
 of the Century, Riding-, and Chi Phi 
 clubs, and the Southern Society. 
 He mari'ied, in 1893, Alice, dau.nh- 
 ter of William H. Ely, and niece of 
 Snuth Ely, formerly Mayor of tins 
 city, and has one child — William 
 Ely Chambers. Dr. Chambers was 
 himself born in Russell County, 
 
 Alabama, December 2o, 1853, and is the sou of William Henry Cham- 
 bers, a lawyer, and Anne L. Flewelleu; is the sirandson of Joseph M. 
 Chambers and ^lartha Alexander, and is the ,t>reat-<irandsou of Gen- 
 eral Abercrcunbie of the Revolution, and a lineal desceudant of Sir 
 William Alexander (Lord Stirliniil, who came to \'irninia in l(>59. 
 The American pioneer of the Chambers family came from the north 
 of Ireland, while the founder of the Flewellen family came from 
 ^Vales. 
 
 PORTKH FI.KWKLl.KX CH .\.MHKKS, .M.I). 
 
 FRANCIS, .TOHN WAKEFIELD, who died in New York City at 
 the ajie of seventy-two, in ISCd, was iiraduated from i'olumbia Col]e,i;e 
 in 1809, subse(|uent]y reci^ivinii' the dei;ree of [Master of Arts, ami in 
 1811 w;is "jraduated from the New ^'ork ('ollciic of Plnsicians and 
 
490 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Sui-^L'un.s. In l>s.')0 lie received the degree of Doctor of Laws from 
 Triuitv Colleoe. For a time be was Professor of Obstetrics and Med- 
 ical Jnrisprudence in riuti;vrs ^[cdiral ("ollefie, Xcav York City, while 
 in the Xew York Colleiie of Physicians and Surjieous be was Professor 
 of Materia Mediea from 1813 to 1816, was Professor of the Institutes 
 (if .^ledicine from 1810 to 1820, and from 1820 to 1820 was Professor of 
 Obstetrics. He was President of the New York Academy of Medicine 
 in 1818. 
 
 PAIkKEl{, WILLAKD. was firaduated from Harvard University in 
 1826, received the degree of Master of Arts in 1829, and in 1830 was 
 graduated from the same in medicine. In 1870 be received the degree 
 of Doctor of Laws from Princeton College. In 1827 be was House 
 Physician in the United States Marine Hospital at Chelsea, Mass. He 
 was Professor of Surgerv" at Berkshire Medical College in 1832, and 
 at the Cincinnati ^Medical College in 1836. From 1868 until his death 
 in 1881 he was Consulting Surgeon to Pellevue Hospital. From 1870 
 to 1881 he was Professor of Clinical Surgery in the Xew York College 
 of Physicians and Surgeons, wiiile he was Emeritus Professor from 
 1881 until his death, wbicli occurred in Xew York City in 1884, when 
 he had reached the age of eighty-four. 
 
 WEIR, ROBEPtT FULTOX, was graduated in 1851 from the Col- 
 lege of the City of Xew York, subsequently receiving- the degree of 
 Master of Arts, and in 1859 was graduated from the Xew York College 
 of Physicians and Surgeons. In 1860 and 18(il be Avas Curator of the 
 Xew York Hospital. He was Assistant Surgeon in the Twelfth Xew 
 York "N'olunteers in 1861, while from 1861 to 1865 he was Assistant 
 Surgeon in the I'nited States Army. He was Msiting Surgeon to St. 
 Luke's Hospital from 1865 to 1875. He was Clinical Assistant in the 
 Xew York Eye and Ear Infirmary in 1865, while fr(un 18<>6 to 1871 he 
 was Aural Surgeon to the same. He was Visiting Physician to the 
 Xursery and Child's Hospital from 1866 to 1870. He was Consulting 
 Surgecm to the Xew York Intirmary for Wonnni and Children in 1869, 
 and has sustained tlie same relation to the IJoosevelt Hospital since 
 1888, having been A'isiting Sui'geon to this institution from 1871 to 
 1881. He has been ^'isiting Surgeon to the Xew York Hospital since 
 187G, and was Visiting Surgeon to Bellevue Hospital in 1882. In 1868 
 and 1869 be was Professor of Surgery in the Women's Medical College 
 of the Xew York Infirmary, while in the Xew York College of Physi- 
 cians and Surgt^ons he was Lecturer on Genito- Uterine Diseases from 
 1873 to 1880, was Professor of Clinical Surgery from 1881 to 1892, and 
 since the latter date has been Professor of Surgery. 
 
 FRUITXIGHT, JOHX HEXRY, specialist in the diseases of 
 <'liildren, was born in Xew York Citv. Xovember 9. 1851, the son of 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 491 
 
 \ 
 
 i 
 
 Jolm Ileury Fruitnight and Sophia Lemkaii, both parents being na- 
 tives of Hanover, Germany, wliere his father served in tlie Queen's 
 Body-guard. He attended the Xew Yorlc public schools; in 1872 was 
 graduated from the College of the City of New York; studied medi- 
 cine under Dr. Charles A. Leale, at the same time attending the 
 Bellevue Hospital Medical College, and, in 1875, was graduated from 
 this institution. He had meantime supported himself by teaching 
 in the evening in the public schools and giving lessons in languages 
 and mathematics to private pupils. Beginning the practice of medi- 
 cine in this city, he devoted himself mainly to obstetrics at first, and 
 then to pediatrics, or the diseases of 
 children. In 1879 he became At- 
 tending Physician to the Outdoor ' 
 Department <>\' the Xew York 
 Foundling Asylum, resigning two 
 years later. Since 1887 he has been 
 connected with St. John's Cuild. 
 He is one of its trustees, and ('on- 
 sulting Physician to its Floating 
 and Seaside Hospital at New Dorp, 
 Staten Island. He was one of the 
 organizers, in 1891, of St. John's 
 Cuild Free Hospital, and is one of 
 its visiting physicians, lie is a Fel 
 low of tlie .Vmerican Academy of 
 IMedicine, as he is also of the Amer- 
 ican Pediatric Society, being one of 
 the founders of the latter. He is a 
 member of the American Congres.* 
 of Physicians and Surgeons. He 
 was Secretary of the Northwest- 
 ern Medical and Surgical Society 
 
 of New York ("ity from 1881 to 1885, and in 1880 was its President. 
 In 1895-90 he was Second A'ice-President of the Medical Society of 
 the County of New York, and since 1897 has been Chairman of its 
 (jommittee on Hygiene. He is a member and, from 1880 to 1883. was 
 a trustee of the New York Society of ^Medical Jurisprudence. Since 
 IS!I5 he has been a member of the ( 'uiiiinittee on Admissions of the 
 New York Academy of Medicine, and he has represented the Acad- 
 emy as a delegate to the State iledical Society. He is a Fellow of 
 the Section of Obstetrics of the New York Academy of Medicine, and 
 in 1887 was one of the organizers of the Section of Pediatrics, of 
 which, in 1898, he was serving his second term as Chairman. He 
 was also the first Secretaiy of this Section of the Academy. He is a 
 member of the New Y'oi-k Medico-Surgical Society, as he is of the 
 New Yoi-k Phvsicians' Mutual Aid Association and the Bellevue Hos- 
 
 .70HX HKXKV krcitxk; 
 
492 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 pital Mt'dieal C'olk'iie Aluiiiui. lie wa^; a iiiembei- uf the Xiutli In- 
 ternational Medical Conj^ress, held iu AV^ashington in 1887, and was 
 a member, by invitation, of the British Medical Association, held at 
 ]\Ioutreal, Canada, in 1S!»7. He is a member of the New York Athletic 
 Club, the New York Historical Society, and the Metropolitan Museum 
 of Art. He is cited as an autliority on the diseases of children in 
 Euroi)e as well as the United States, but has declined to attach 
 himself to the teaching body of any institution. His published papers 
 include " Delivery of the Breech with tiie Forcei)s," " Pudendal 
 Ha-matocele," " Induction of Premature Labor in Ilyperemesis (xravi- 
 datum," " Kairine and Antipyrine," " Urinary Concretion in Chil- 
 dren," •• Ti'eatment of Scarlet Fever," " Perityplilitis in the Young," 
 " Treatment of IJachitis with Lacto-Phosphate of Lime," " Status of 
 the Midwife, Legal and Professional," " Compulsory Vaccination," 
 " Malarial Fever iii Infancy and Early Childliodd," " Infantile Scurvy, 
 Especially its Differential Diagnosis," " Sarccmia of the Kidney," 
 " [Malignant l^ndocarditis," and briefer ]uq)ers on t^mpyema in child- 
 hood. To the "American Textbook of Diseases of Children," edited 
 by Dr. Lewis Starr, he contributed the articles on " Constipation," 
 " Ascites," " Acute Peritonitis," and " Tumors of the Omentum and 
 Peritoneum." Dr. Fruitnight has been a member of the Central Pres- 
 byterian Church of Xew York City since 1880; was Secretary of its 
 Board of Deacons from 1880 to 18SG, and since 1886 has been Presi- 
 dent of this Board. He married, in 187(>, Gertrude Huggins, of New 
 York City. Slie died iu 1879. In 1881 he married Mary Augusta 
 Stewart, of Iowa City, Iowa, by whom he has one child — Henry Stew- 
 art Fruitnight. 
 
 DEAPER, HENRY, was born in Prince Edward ('ouuly, N'irginia, 
 March 7, 1837, and died in New York City, November 20."^ 1882. He 
 was graduated in medicine from the Univeisity of the City of New 
 York in 1S58, the following year studied in Europe, and in 1800 Avas 
 an Interne of Bellevue Hospital. He was Professor of Natural Science 
 in the Academical I)e]iartment of tlie University of New York from 
 1860 to 1SS2, tlie time of his deatli, and was Proft-ssor of PliysiologT 
 and Analytical Chemistry in tlie same (lei)ai-tment from 1871 to 1882. 
 lie was Adjunct Professor of Pliysiohigy In the Medical Department 
 of the same institution in 1S(;(; and 1S(;7, and from the latter date until 
 1878 was fidl professor. In connection w itli microscopic photography, 
 he discovered in lsr)7 the value of the use of jtalladium protochloride 
 to darken collodion negatives. Constructing a large rejecting tele- 
 scope, in 1861 he made tlie largest ]>liotograph of the moon ever ob- 
 tained. His treatise on llie grinding and ixdishiiig of telescopic mir- 
 rors, published by the Smithsonian Institute in 18(!4, is considered 
 an authority on the subject. He helped to construct a twenty-eight- 
 inch equatorial telescope with which he subse(]uently photographed 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF XEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 493 
 
 the spectra of tlie stars, and in ((imicctinn with its cuustructidii wa(^ 
 the first to demonstrate and announce the sujieriority of pure silver 
 for the spectrum. In 1S72 lie obtained the best photooraph of the dif- 
 fraction spectrum ever obtaine<l. He was Superintendent of the Pho- 
 tographic Department of the United States Commission to observe tlie 
 transit of "S'enus in 1874, and for this service received a gold medal 
 from Congress. In 1877 he announced the presence of oxygen in the 
 sun. He published "A Textbook of Chemistry," and "On the ("on- 
 struction of a Silvered-glass TelescojM',"" with many articles. 
 
 DKAFEIi, JOHN CHRISTUPHEK, brother of the late Professor 
 Henry Draper, was born in Virginia, March 31. 18o5, and died in New 
 York City, December 20, 188."'). He attended the Academical ])epai't- 
 nienl of the University of N'ew York from 1851 to 1851, and in 1857 
 was graduated from the Medical Deimrtmeut, the same year becoming 
 an Interne at Rellevue Hosjiital. In 1857 and 1858 he studied in 
 Europe. He was Professor of Theoretical ('hemistry in the University 
 of New Yoi-k from 1858 to 1871, and Pi'ofessor of Uliemistry in the Med- 
 ical I)ei)artnient of the sanu' from l8(i<i until his death in 1885. He 
 was a surgeon of vtdunteers at the surrender of Harper's Ferry. From 
 1860 to 18G3 he was Professor of Chemistry at Coojier Institute, while 
 from 1803 to 1885 he was Professor of Natural History in the College 
 of the City of New York. He published a '• Textbook of Anatomy, 
 Physiology, and Hygiene" 1I8GO1, "Practical Laboratory Course in 
 Chemistry" (1882 I, and "A Textbook of Medical Physics" (1885), 
 edited " Sciibner's Year-Book of Nature and Science" (1872), the 
 "Note-Book of Nature and Science" (1S73), and the Nature and 
 Science Depai-tment in tScribiicr's Moiitlihi from 1872 to 1876. 
 
 WOOD, JA^fES KT^SimoK'E, who <lied in New York City in 1882, 
 at the age of sixty-nine, was graduated in medicine at Castletou, Vt., 
 in 1846, subsequently receiving the degree of Doctor of Laws from 
 another institution. In 1846 and 1847 he was Demonstrator of Anat- 
 omy at Castletou, subsequently removing to New York City. He was 
 at one time President of the New York Pathological Society, was Vis- 
 iting Surgeon to Bellevue Hosjutal fnun 1847 until his death in 1882, 
 and was also Msiting Surgeon to St. "S'inceut's Hospital and the New 
 York Ophthalmological Dispensary, and Consulting Surgeon to the 
 Colored Oqihan Asylum. He successfully ligated the carotid and sub- 
 clavian arteiles on the same side for aneurism of innominate. His 
 cure of aneurism by digital compression in 1848 was among the first 
 cases on record. It is estimated that ]iriov to 1879 twenty-five per cent, 
 of all the operations in the w-rld for tlie removal of Meckel's ganglion 
 with sujierior maxillary division of ti-igeniinus were done by him. He 
 was a pioneer in periosteal surgery, and was one of the first to perfomi 
 I'csection of the shoulder- and elbow-joints in tliis country. He first 
 
494 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 suggested division of liauistiiugs and tlie teudou Acliilles iu chronic 
 intiammation uf the knee-joints. He first suggested division of tlie 
 peronens muscles in chronic inflammation of the tendon. He pub- 
 lislied "Strangulated Hernia" (18451, "Spontaneous Dislocation of 
 Head of the Femur into Ischiatic Xotch Occuriing in Morbus Cox- 
 arius " ( 1847 I, " Phosphorus Necrosis of Lower Jaw " ( 185G i, " Liga- 
 tion of External Iliac Artery, Followed by Secondary Hemorrhage " 
 (185(i ), " Early History of Operation of Ligation of Primitive Carotid 
 Arterv" (1857I. 
 
 DELAFIELD, EDWAED, one of tlie most eminent physicians of 
 New York, was graduated from Yale in 1812, studied medicine with 
 Dr. Samuel Borrowe, of this city, and in 1815 was graduated from 
 
 the College of Physicians and 
 
 Surgeons. After completing the 
 
 regular term of service in the 
 
 New York Hospital, he studied 
 
 in Europe for a year, chiefly in 
 
 London, where he was the i)upil 
 
 of Sir Astley Cooper and Dr. Aber- 
 
 nethy. In November, 1820, in 
 
 conjunction with Dr. John Kear- 
 
 ,^^ ney Rodgers, he founded the New 
 
 #Jh| . „,,--™. York Eye and Ear Inttrmary. Avith 
 
 ^^^ whicli he remained identified until 
 
 ^^^fc^ his death, February 13, 1875. He 
 
 ^gH^^^^B^ Jifei ^^'^^ ^^^ Attending Surgeon until 
 
 ^^^^^^^7^^ ..ii^l^H 1850, elected Con- 
 
 ^^^^^1 ^^ ^tHH^H Surgeon. In 1870 he be- 
 
 ^^^^^H 2^^^B came its Yice-President. He prac- 
 
 I^BBIHBk J^mB9 ticed medicine in association with 
 
 Dr. Borrowe at the outset. He 
 Ki.wARD DKi,AFiKi.r.. M.D. bccume Atteudiug Physician to 
 
 the New York Hospital in 1831, 
 and the fc)llowing \ear became I'rofessor of Obstetrics and Diseases 
 of Women and Children in the College of I'hysicians and Surgeons. 
 His private practice subsequently led to the resignation of both 
 positions. He founded the Society for the Belief of Widows and 
 Or]»hans of Medical Men in 1812, and was its first President. He 
 was President of the College of Physicians and Surgeons of this city 
 from 1858 until his death. He served on the Board of Governors 
 of Iioosevelt Hospital, acting as its President, and was Chairman of 
 the Building Committee of the institution. He was one of the found- 
 ers of the New York Ophthalmological Society in 1865, and was its 
 first President. From 1858 until his death he was Senior Consulting 
 Physician of St. Luke's Hospital. He also became Senior Consulting 
 
EXCYCLOPEDIA OF XEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 495 
 
 Ph.vsieiau of the Wijmau's Hospital upun its establislimeut in 1872, 
 and was also President of its [Medical Board. He was President of the 
 Medical Board of the Nursery and (Uiild's Hospital from its founda- 
 tion in ISoi. He probably contributed more than any other man of 
 his time to the promotion of intelligent and efficient organization 
 for public ends in the medical profession in this city. Born in New 
 York City, May 17, 1794, he was one of the thirteen children of the 
 first John Delafield, of New York, hereditary C(junt of the Holy Ro- 
 man Empire, and merchant, capitalist, and pioneer in the creation of 
 the insurance interests in this city which sprung up after the lievolu- 
 tion. The present Dr. Francis Delafield, of New V(irk city, is a son of 
 the late Dr. Edward Delafield. 
 
 DELAFIELD, FJ{AN('IS. in 1S7(; su(<-eeded the late Dr. Almizo 
 f "lark as Professor of Pathology ami Practice of ^Irdicinc in the New 
 York College of Physicians and 
 Surgeons (<'olumbia University i. 
 liaving previously been for one 
 year Adjunct Professor, and has 
 held the chair continuously since. 
 He has a reputation at home 
 and abroad in tlie dejiai'tment of 
 pathology. His "Studies in 
 Pathological Anatomy " is a stand- 
 ard work of reference. He early 
 ]iublished a " Handbook of Post- 
 mortem Examinations and Morbid 
 Anatomy."" wldcli, ^itli the as 
 sislaucc of Dr. T. Mitdiell Prud- 
 den, he made the basis of his 
 iiotablc •• Handbook of Patlio- 
 Iniiicjil .Vnatomy and Histolog\-."' 
 'I'liis woi-jv is in general use for 
 referenci' among practitioners, and 
 is employed as a lextbook in 
 in^aily all UMMliral cnllcgcs. Dr. 
 Delafield has also published a 
 "Manual of Physical Diagnosis"" 
 and many iiiiportanl monographs 
 and articles, including pa])ers on 
 
 •• Benal Diseases"" |]S!»2i and " Diriamuiali(uis of the ('oion "' (18!)7). 
 He was beiii in New York City, August 3, ISll, the son of the late 
 Dr. Edward ]>elafield and Julia Floyd. He was graduated from Yale 
 in ISC.O, and from the New York College of Physicians and Surgeons 
 in 1803, subsequently studying in Europe. He became Curator to 
 P>ellevue Hospital in 1S(>(>. was one of its visiting physicians from 
 
 KK.\XCIS DKLAFIKI-I). .M.H. 
 
496 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 3ST5 to ISSG, and s^iuce the latter date lias been Consulting Physician. 
 Since 1873 he has been Visiting Physician to Eoosevelt llospital and 
 Pathologist to the same, and since 1870 has been connected with the 
 New York Eve and Ear InfirmarY as Surgeon or Consulting Physician. 
 He is Consulting Physician to St. Mary's Hospital. In 18^)0 he re- 
 ceived the degree of Doctor of Laws from Yale University. He is 
 a member of the [Metropolitan, Century, City, Elding, and Yale clubs, 
 the Yale Alumni Association, the New York Academy of Medi- 
 cine, the Medical Society of the County of New Y'ork, the State Medi- 
 cal Society, the New York Pathological Society, the Society for the 
 Relief of Widows and Orphans of Medical Men, and the Physicians' 
 Mutual Aid Association. 
 
 POWELL, SENECA DANIEL, was born in Wilcox County, Ala- 
 bama, January 5, ISIS, the son of Augustus H. Powell, a ])lanter, who 
 was Quartermaster in the Confederate Army, and subsequently Presi- 
 dent of the Kansas City Savings Association, and a member of the 
 Missouii Legislature. Dr. Powell was a cadet at the University of 
 Alabama at the time of the Civil War, volunteered in the Confederate 
 service, and, at the close of the wai", when seventeen years of age, 
 engaged in farming and storekeeping. In ISd!) he was graduated from 
 the Medical Department of the University of Virginia, came to New 
 York, in 1870 was graduated from the Univm-sity of the City of New 
 York, and the following year became Interne at Bellevue Hospital. 
 He became Surgeon of the Smallpox Hospital on Blackwell's Island. 
 In 1871 and 1872 he was assistant Inspector of the Health Department 
 of New York City, and during the same period was Clinical Assistant 
 to the Chair of the Theory and Practice of Medicine at the Bellevue 
 Hospital Medical College. He was Attending Physician to the Cen- 
 tral Dispensary from 1871 to 1875, as he was to the Northwestern 
 Dispensary from 1875 to 1879. In 1875 he was Surgeon of the Second 
 Brigade of the National Guard. From 1878 to 1882 he was Clinical 
 Assistant to the Chair of Surgery of the University of the City of New 
 York. He was Lecturer on Surgical Dressings in tlie New York Post- 
 Craduate Medical School in 1882 and 1883, was Instructor in the same 
 in this institution in 1883 and 1881, was Professor of [Minor Surgeiw 
 in the same from 1885 to 1887, and, since 1SS7, has been Professor of 
 Clinical Surgery. He has been Visiting Sui-geon to St. Elizabeth's 
 Hospital since 188G, and to the New York Infant Asylum since 1887. 
 He was Vice-President of the New York County Medical Society in 
 1891, an<l its President in 1893. He has recently served two terms as 
 Pi'esident of the New York Academy of Medicine. He was Vice-Pres- 
 ident of the Pan-American Medical Congress which met in Washington 
 in 1893. He has served as Chairman of the Business Committee of the 
 State IMedical Society. He was one ()f the founders and proprietors of 
 tlie New York Posl-flrrnhtdte ifedlcnl ■hninnil. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 497 
 
 SANDS, IIENKY BEKTON, was born iu New York City, Sci.l.ni 
 ber 27, 1830, and died there November 17, ISSS. He was graduated 
 frnin Yale in 1853. In 1S54 lie was gi-adnated from the New Yorlc 
 CoUejie of Physicians and Snrjjeons, was Interne at Kellevue Hosjiital 
 in 1855 and 185G, studied in Europe in the latter year, and in 185(t 
 and 1857 was Assistant Demonstrator of Anatomy in the New Y'ork 
 ( "ollejie of I'hysicians and Snrni'ons. From 1857 to 1800 he was Dem- 
 onstrator of the same in this institution, and from 1807 to 1879 was 
 I'rofessor of Anatomy, while fioni 1870 until his death he was ]*ro- 
 fessor of the Praetice of Surgery. He was Msitin^ Surgeon to Belle- 
 vue Hospital from 1802 to 1877; to St. Luke's Hospital from 1802 to 
 1870; to the New Y^ork Hospital from 1804 to 1881; to Charity IIos- 
 l)ital in 18(t5 and 1800; to the Strangers" lIos]»ital in 1871 and 1872; 
 to Roosevelt Hospital from 1872 to 1888, and also to Mount Sinai Hos- 
 pital. He was Consulting Surgeon to St. Luke's Hospital from 1870 
 to 1884, and to the New York Hospital from 1881 to 1884. He has 
 publislied " A Case of Cancer of the Larynx Successfully Removed 
 by Laryngotomy; with an Analysis of Fifty Cases of Cancer of the 
 Larynx Treated by Operation" (1801); "On the Use of the Plaster 
 of Paris Bandage in the Treatment of Fi-actures, Especially Fracture 
 of the Femur" (1871); "A Case of Traumatic, Brachial Neuralgia, 
 Treated by Excision of the Cords which go to form the Brachial Plex- 
 us " (1873) ; " Notes on Perityphlitis '' (1880 i, " An Account of Two 
 Cases of Pelvic Aneurism " (1881 ), " The Question of Laparotomy for 
 the Relief of Acute Intestinal Obstruction" (1882 I, " The (Question 
 of Trephining in Injuries of the Head " (1883), " The Value of Inter- 
 nal (T:soi>liagotomy in the Treatment of Cicatricial Strictui'e " ( 1884), 
 "Rupture of the Ligamentum Patelhe, and its Treatment by Oju'r- 
 ation " (1885); "On the Use and the Abuse of Passive :\[otion " 
 (1887), and "An Account of a Case in which Recovery Took Place 
 after Laparotomy had been Perfoi-mcd for Sei)tic Peritonitis, due to 
 a Perforation of the Vermiform Ap]iendix; with Remarks upon tliis 
 and Allied Diseases" (1888). 
 
 LOOMIS, ALFRED LEBBEUS, was graduated from Union College 
 in 1851, the following year was graduated from the New Y'ork College 
 of Physicians and Surgeons, and from the University of the City of 
 New York subsequently received the degree of Doctor of Laws. He 
 became Professor of the Theory and Practice of Medicine iu the Uni- 
 versity of the City of New York in 1807. From 1859 until his death 
 he was Visiting Physician to Bellevue Hospital. From 1890 to 1892 
 he was President of the New York Aca(h'my of :Medicine. His " Physi- 
 cal Diagnosis," first published in 1808, reached its sixth edition in l.S!)0. 
 He also published "Diseases of Ihe Heart, Lungs, and Kidneys" 
 (1875), "Lectures on Fevers" (isTTi, and "Practical IMediciue " 
 (1884; second edition, 1889). 
 
498 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 LUUMIkS, llEXitV rATTEl{.SO:X, suu of the lalf Allied L. Luomis, 
 was gra ciliated from Priiireton College iii 18S0, in 1SS3 was graduated 
 from the Medical Department of the UniAersity of the City of New 
 York, from 1887 to 1890 was Adjunct Professor of Pathology in the 
 Uniyersity of the City of New York, and since 1890 has been Professor 
 of the same in this institution. He has been Curator of Belleyue Hos- 
 pital since 1880, and Visiting Physician to the same since 1887, while 
 he was an Interne in 1881. He has been Pathologist to the Health 
 Department of New York City since 1888, and during the same period 
 has been Director of the Loomis Laboratory of the University of the 
 City of New York. He was ^'isiting Physician to Gouyerneur Hospi- 
 tal'in 1890 and 1891. 
 
 ADAilS, JOHN LANSON. iirepaicd for college in the Selleck 
 School at Noiwalk, Conn., in 1883 was graduated from Yale Univer- 
 sity, and in 1886 was graduated 
 fi-om the New York College of 
 Physicians and Surgeons (the 
 Medical Department of Colum- 
 bia Uniyersity I. ^Vhile a medi- 
 cal student he was for six months 
 an Interne of the old Chambers 
 Street Hospital. He held a 
 similar i)osition in the NeAV York 
 ITos)iital for eigliteen months im- 
 iiie(lial(Iy afrcr liis graduation. 
 Subsequently, for two yeai*s, he 
 was a nii'niber of the House Staff 
 of I he New York Eye and Ear In- 
 tirmary. He selected as his sjie- 
 cialties diseases of the eye, ear, 
 nose, and throat, and spent the 
 next year in studies in Europe, at 
 Heidelberg, Vienna, P>er]in, Paris, 
 and London. Returning to New Y'ork City he engaged in practice, con- 
 tining himself to his chosen line of work. He resumed his connection 
 with the Eye and Ear Infirmary, serving one year as Assistant Sur- 
 geon, and, since that time, as Surgeon. In 1892 he organized the Saint 
 Bartholomew Eye, Ear, Nose, and Tliroat Dispensary, under the aus- 
 pices of Saint Bartholomew's Churcli, and has since been its Execu- 
 tive Surgeon. During the last four years he has been Oplitlialmologist 
 to the Society of the New York Lying-in Asylum. He has published 
 a number of articles and monographs. He is a member of the ^lanhat- 
 tan, University, Yale, Lotos, Imlian Harbor Yacht, New York Atli- 
 letic, and Knickerbocker Athletic clubs, is a charter member of the 
 New York Otological Societ\', and is a member of the County ^fedical 
 
 .JOHN- L.\XSOX .\1>.\MS 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. iiil) 
 
 SocietT, the Americau Otoloji'ical Society, the Americiiii Ehiuolojiical, 
 Otohjjiical, and LaryniiDloiiical Society, tlie ^ledico-Siirnical Society, 
 the Physicians' Mutual Aid Association, tlie New Yorlc Hosjiital 
 Alumni Association, and the Hospital Gi^aduates" Club. He was born 
 in ^^'estl)ort, Conn., Aiii;iist !>, ISGO, and is the son of George Sherwood 
 Adams and Polly Morehouse Coley. He lineally descends from Edward 
 Adams, who emigrated from England to Ncnv Haven, Conn., in 1G40. 
 He also descends from the notable Burr family of Fairfield County. 
 Connecticut. His ancestors, who were either Eevolutionary oHicers 
 or officers in the colonial wars, include Lieutenant Nathan Adams, 
 Captain Phineas Hanford, Sr., Captain Ebenezer Coley, and ('(donel 
 John Bui'r. 
 
 BARKER, FORDYCE, who died in New York City, in l.SUi, at tin- 
 age of seA^enty-four, was graduated from Bowdoin College in 1837, sub- 
 sequently I'eceiving the degree of Master of Arts, and was graduated 
 from the Medical Department of the same institution in 1841, and from 
 the Paris University in 1844. He afterward received the degree of 
 Doctor of Laws from Columbia College and Edinburgh University. 
 He was Professor of Obstetrics at Bowdoin in 1845 and 1846, wliile 
 from 1S61 to 1808 he was Professor of the same in Bellevue Hospital 
 .Aiedical College. From 1868 to 1882 he was Professor of Clinical Mid- 
 wifery and the Diseases of Women in the last-mentioned institution, 
 while from 1882 until his death he was Emeritus Professor. He was 
 Consulting Physician to Bellevue Hospital from 1879 to 1891. In 
 1856 he was President of the Medical Society of the State of New Yorlv. 
 In 1882 he was President of the New York Academy of Medicine. He 
 published "Lectures on Uterine Displacements" (1853), "Fibrous 
 Tumor of the T'terus; Excessive Hemorrhage; Removal by Excision " 
 (1857); "Remarks on Puerperal Fever" (1857), "On the Compara- 
 tive Use of Ergot and the Forceps in Labor " (1858), " On the Use of 
 Anesthetics in ^Midwifery" (1861), "Blood-letting as a Therapeutic 
 Resource in Obstetric ^Medicine " (1871), "The Puerperal Diseases: 
 Clinical Lectures Delivered at Bellevue Hospital " (1874), and " The 
 Kelation of Pucn-peral Fever to the Infective Diseases and Pyn>niia " 
 (1875). 
 
 JANEWAY, EDWARD 0., was graduated from Rutgers Coih'ge 
 in 1860, and from the New Ycu'k Cidlege of Pliysiciaus and Surgeons 
 ill 1864. He was Interne at Bellevue Hospital in 18(;5, while in 18(')2 
 and 1863 he had been Acting Medical Cadet of tlie T'nited States Hos- 
 pital at Newark, N. J. He was Curator of Belh'vue Hosjdtal from 
 1866 to 1892, and was Visiting Physician from 1872 to 1892. lie was 
 Visiting Physician to Charity Hospital from 1868 to 1871, and in 1870 
 was its chief of staff. From 1870 to 1874 he Avas Visiting Physician 
 to the Hospital for Epileptics and Paralytics, while, since 1885, he has 
 
500 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 held thf same relation to Mount »Sinai Hospital. He has beeu Cousult- 
 in<4- PliYsiciau to the l'resl)ytei-iau llos])ital since ISSG, and to the 
 French Hospital since 1888. He was Consulting Plij'sician to the New 
 York State Eniigrants' Hospital from 1880 to 1889, and to the hospi- 
 tals of the Health Depai-tment of New York City from 1881 to 18!J2. 
 He has been Consulting Pathologist to the Hospital for Ruptured and 
 Crippled since 1875. In 1871 and 1872 he Avas Professor of Physiolog- 
 ical and Pathological Anatomy in the Uniyersity of the City of New 
 York. I'^rom 1872 to 187(> he was Professor of Pathological Anatomy 
 in I'x'llevue Hospital [Medical College, in 1876 was Professor of Patho- 
 logical Anatomy and Histology and Hiseases of the Nei'YOUs System 
 and Clinical Medicine in the same institution, from 1873 to 1S7(> was 
 Lecturer on ^Materia IMi^lica and Therapeutics in tlie sann^, from 1876 
 to 1871* was Professor of I'rnctical Anntomy, from 1881 to 188(5 was 
 Professor of Diseases of the Nei-\dus System and Cliuical Medicine 
 and Associate I'rofessor of tlie Principles and Practice of ^Fedicine, 
 and from 1886 to 18!t2 was Professor of the I'rinciples and Practici' of 
 Medicine. In 1871 he was Vice-President of the New \<>rk Patholog- 
 ical Society. From 187.") to 1881 lie was Health Couiiiiissinuer of New 
 Voi-k ( 'ity. He has published " Pathological IJejiort of Aiitojtsies made 
 in Belleyue Hospital " (1870|, " Leucocytlueinia " i ]S7(i i, and " Clin- 
 ical Points in the Diagnosis of Hepatic .VlTections." 
 
 BODECKEPi, CAPL F. ^^■., has j.racticed dentistry in New York 
 City since 1871, and is a leader in his profession. He was Chairman 
 of the Dental Clinic in the International ^ledical Congress at ^Yash- 
 ington, D. C, in 1887, and he presided over tlie clinic of the Inter- 
 national Dental Congress at ( Miicago during the AVorld's Fair. He has 
 occupied the chair of Dental Histology and Embryology in the New 
 York College of Dentistry and the University of Buffalo, and has 
 published " Tlie Anatomy and Pathology of the Teeth," an authorita- 
 tive work, as well as many papers and V)amphlets. He is a member 
 of the New Jersey State Dental Society, the New Jersey Central Den- 
 tal Society, the California State Odontological Society, the American 
 Dental Society of Eurojie, Der Central Verein Deutscher Zahniirzte 
 and the Svenska Tandlakave Sallskapt. The son of Henry Bodecker 
 and Doris Lohmann, he was born in Celle, Hanover, attended the 
 ])ublic schools and studied dentisti-y in (iermany; from 1866 to 186U 
 practiced his profession in l,oiidon, and coming to this city in the 
 latter year, was graduated in 1871 from the New York College of 
 Dentistry, being awarded the first ])ri7,e by the faculty. He married, 
 in 1874, ^Vil]lelmina Himbeck, granddaughter of Count \'on Himbeck, 
 and lias two sons. Dr. Henry W. C. Bodecker and Charles F. Bodecker. 
 
 GUERNSEY, EGBERT, at tlie head of the lioineoi.alhic mediral 
 practitioners in New York City, was born in Litclitield, Conn., July S, 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 501 
 
 1823. He attended Phillips Aiidovei' Academy, and spent two years 
 in tlie Scientific Department of Yale College. He then traveled in 
 I*]urupe, while in 1846 he was gradnated from the iledical Department 
 of the University of New York. He was one of the founders of the 
 Williamsburg Daihj Times, now the Brooklyn Dailif Times, in 1847, 
 and became its editor. He also compiled several textbooks on histoi'y. 
 In 1849 he was appointed City Physician of Williamsburg. About this 
 time he adopted the system of homeopathy. He removed to Fishkill, 
 N. Y^., in 1849, returning to New Y'ork City in 1851. He has held the 
 chairs of Materia Medica and of the Theory and Practice of Medicine 
 in the Homeopathic College. He has been President of the County 
 Medical Society, as he has been of the State Medical Society. He has 
 been President of the Board of Charity Hospital. The Western Dis- 
 pensary was founded by him iu 1868. He was also the founder of the 
 New Y'ork Mcdirul Times. He has liublished " Domestic Medicine " 
 and " Gentleman's Handbook of Homeopathy," together with many 
 articles. The degree of Doctor of .Medicine was conferred upon him 
 by the Regents of the State University. 
 
 ATWOOD, JOSEPH FREEMAN, Pr.'sident of the Homeopathic 
 Medical Scniety of Kings County, until his deatii in 1898, was born in 
 Gloucester County, New Jersey, September 20, 1845; in 1862 was grad- 
 uated as vali-dictorian from Pennington Seminary in that State; en- 
 gaged in teacliing; entered the New I'ork wholesale drug house of S. 
 R. Van Duzer & Company, and in 1870 was graduated from the New 
 Y'ork College of Physicians and Surgeons, winning the Second Faculty 
 Prize for graduating thesis. A fter some niontlis of hospital and dispen- 
 sary work, he began practice in Brooklyn, iluriiig the uext seven years 
 being the associate of the late Dr Henry V. AU-n. He became Atteiul- 
 ing I'hysiciau to the Brooklyn Nursery and Infants" Hospital soon after 
 its establishment, subsequently beconiing its Physician-in-Chief. He 
 was Visiting Physician to the Bi-ookJyn Homeopathic Hospital, and 
 has been Secretary of its Medical Staff. He was also Secretary of the 
 Board of Control of its Training School for Nurses, as well as Lecturer 
 on Obstetrics in this school. For twelve years he was a member of the 
 Brooklyn Board of United States Examining Surgeons for Pensions, 
 and during his service examined ten thousand men. He was Sur- 
 geon of the Fourteenth Regiment, National Guard, State of New York, 
 with rank of [Majoi-, for five years, when he resigned, holding the same 
 rank on the sniiernumerary list. He was a member of the New Y'ork 
 State :\Iedical Society and of the Brooklyn Medical Clnl). He was an 
 active nu-mber of the Simpson Methodist Episcopal Church of Brook- 
 lyn, was one of its trustees, and for eight years was Superintendent 
 of its Sunday-school. He married jMiss Viola C. Du Bois. of Brook- 
 lyn, Jamiarv 12, 1876. His father. Rev. Joseph Atwood, and his 
 
502 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 uncle. Key. AiiTliony Atwood, wcie both prominent clergymen of the 
 Methodist E])iscn]);il Cliiirch. His inotlier, Louisa Cranmer, was a 
 lineal descendant of the famous Archbishop Cranmer of P^uiiland. 
 
 FISKE, WILLIAM M. L.. homoopathic physician, of Brooklyn, was 
 born in New York City, May 10, 1S41. He descends from 8ymond 
 Fiske, lord of the ilanor of Stadhaujih, t^uffolk County, England, A.D. 
 1399 to 1422. Pliineas Fiske, in the seventh generation from this 
 Symond, settled in Salem, Mass., in 1012, and removed to Wenham, 
 Mass., in IGll. He wns a Representative in the Oencriil Court of 
 Massachusetts in l<;.j:5. Dr. Fisko's father. Almond 1). Fiske, was a 
 manufacturer and inventor. He died in IS.jO. The family removed 
 to Chazy, Clinton County, N. Y., when Dr. Fiske was ten years of age. 
 The latter attended academies at Eakersville, Vt., and Champlain, 
 N. Y., subsequently becoming a student in Bellevue Hospital Medical 
 College. He also served eight mouths as one of the physicians of 
 Blackwell's Island Charity Hospital. In 1802 he enlisted in Company 
 A, of the Forty-seventh New York Regiment. He acted as Steward 
 in the Convalescent Hospital at Fort ^IcHeniTT, subsequently becom- 
 ing Acting Assistant Post Surgeon, in charge of the Post Hospital. 
 Returning, he was graduated from Bellevue Hospital Medical College 
 in 1863, while in 18(J1 he was graduated from the Xew York Homeo- 
 pathic Medical College. After a few months of private practice, he 
 was appointed Acting Assistant Surgeon in the United States Army, 
 and seiwed until the close of the war. He then practiced two years in 
 Aurora, 111., and five years in Rochester, X. Y'. Returning to Brooklyn, 
 he became the partner of Dr. Wright, until the latteFs death in 1874. 
 He became Assistant to the Chair of Surgery in the Brooklyn Homeo- 
 pathic Dispensary. Upon the organization of the Cumberland Street 
 Hospital he became one of its surgeons, while, in 1882, he was elected 
 Medical Director and President of Stnff. He was one of the founders 
 of the Brooklyn E. D. Homeopathic Disi>ensary, and was its President 
 during a long peiiod. He is now Consulting Surgeon and Physician. He 
 was one of the organizers of and lecturers in the Brooklyn Maternity 
 and Ti'aining School for Nurses, is Consulting Surgeon to the Woman's 
 Memorial Hospital, is ex-President of the Kings County Homeopathic 
 Society, was President of the New Y'ork State Homeopathic Society 
 in 1892, is senior member of the American Institute of Homeopathy, 
 and is a member of the American Gynecological Society. He holds 
 the honorary degree of Doctor of Medicine from the State Board of 
 Regents. He was connected with the Smithsonian Institute, estab- 
 lishing the first weather bureau in Florida previous to the organiza- 
 tion of the present weather bureau service. He is author of a number 
 of monographs on surgeiy ]>ul)lished in the transactions of the State 
 and County Medical Societies. H(» is a member of the Brooklyn Union 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 503 
 
 ]A';ii;ue, West IJaiupton Conutrj, Lake Cliaiiii)laiii Vaclit. and Han- 
 over clubs, and for .years has been President of the Board of Trustees 
 of the Koss Street Presbjtenan Church, of Brooklyn. 
 
 BOYLE, CUAKLES CLMBEKLANl ». attended the New York pub- 
 lic schools, and for two years the Colleine of the City of New York, and 
 in 1877 was graduated from the New York Homeopathic 3Ie<lical C(d- 
 lege. From 1S76 to 1878 he was Interne or Member of the House Staff 
 of the Homeopathic Hospital on Ward's Island. In 1880 he was grad- 
 mited as sur<;eon of the ej'es and ears from the New Yorlc ( )i)lithalmic 
 Hospital, and was appointed one of its assistant surjieons. He is now 
 one of the governin;Li' surgeons of this hosjiital, and a professor in the 
 College of the New Y'ork Ophthalmic Hosjutal. He is Eye and Ear 
 Surgeon to the Metropolitan Hospital (if Blackwell's Islaml and to 
 the nahneman Hospital of New York ( 'ity. He is Secretary and Treas- 
 urer of the Metropolitan Hospital INdyclinic of Blackwell's Island, 
 and is a member of the New York County Homeopathic Society, the 
 New York State Homeopathic Society, the Academy of Pathological 
 Science, and the Clinical Club. He lias published •• Thera])eutics of 
 the Eye.'' He was born in New York ( 'ity, February 19, 1854, the son 
 (if John Churchill Boyle and Anna Augusta Cook. His grandfather, 
 (ieorge Boyle, a British officer, came to this country at the time of the 
 Revolution. The hitter's wife, Martha Holmes, was a memlKn- of an 
 old ^Massachusetts family. On the maternal side he descends fnini 
 Joseph Brower. who came frcim Hdlland t<i New .\nislci(];nii during 
 the early colonial ])eriod. 
 
 STORBS, 1;1C1IAK1> SAl.TEK, was b(irn in Itraiiiticc. .Mass., in 
 1S21; in 183!» was gradnatt-d from Amherst College, studied law with 
 Kufus Choate f«ir sduie time, and in 1841 entered the Andover Theo- 
 i(igi( al Sennnary. lie interiupted his studies to serve as tutor at Will- 
 iston Academy, being graduated from Andover in 1845. In that yeai' 
 lie was also or(hiin(-d as ]iastor of tlie Congregational Chnrcli, (if 
 I'.rodklinc, .Mass. In Ndvendier, 1S4(!, lie was insta]le(l as ])astor of I lie 
 Cliurch (if the Pilgrims, df Bi-ddkiyn, and he lias cdutiuucHl to serve 
 in this cajiacity to the present lime. He was (ine (if I lie founders of 
 the Long Island Historical Sdciely, was a directdr from its organi/.a- 
 tidu, was long Chairman of its E.xecutive Committee, and has served 
 many years as President of th(^ Society. He is a trustc^e of the Brook- 
 lyn Eye and Ear Hds]iital, and is an officer of other institntidus. He 
 has been President of the American I'.dai-d of Commissioners fdr I'or- 
 cign Missions, and has been jirominent (ilherwisc in varidus dejiart- 
 ments of church AV(n'k. In 1881. on the cdm]ileti(in df his thirty-hfth 
 year as pastor of the Church of the Pilgrims, his congregation gave 
 him a iircscnt df .>*:ri.OO(). He received the degree df Doctor of Divin- 
 
504 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 ity fidiii Uuiou Colk'.ur in 1S53, and from Harvard in 18.")!), and that 
 of Doctor of Laws from I'riiu'etou in 1874. lu 1S55 lie dolivored six 
 lectures on "The ("(institution of the Human Soul," two in ISIS on 
 "Russia and Franco, and Their Lonti,- Duel"; eight in 1879 on "St. 
 Bernard, His Times and His Work," and ten in 1880 on " The Divine 
 Origin of Christianity, Indicated by its Historical Effects." He de- 
 livered urations on Lincoln, June 1, ISO."), and at the unveiling of the 
 Lincoln Statue in Prospect Park, Brooklyn, in 18G9. In 1883 lie de- 
 livered an address on the occasion of the opening of the New York 
 and Brooklyn Bi-idge. His published addresses also include ''The 
 Obligation of Man to Obey the Civil Law, Its Ground and Extent " 
 (1850) ; " The True Success of Human Life " (1852), " The Relations 
 of Commerce to Literature" (1854), "Colleges as a Power in Civil- 
 ization " (1855), " Character in the Preacher " ( 185C), " The Puritan 
 Scheme of National Growth " (1857), "The Law of Growth in the 
 Kingdom of God " (1858), " Things Which Are Not — the Instruments 
 of Advancing God's Kingdom " (1801), " The Preaching of Christ in 
 Cities" (1864), " The Aim of Christianity for Those Who Accept It " 
 (18<!7), "The Incarnation and the System which Stands LTpou It" 
 (18»i9), "The Attractions of Romanism for Educated Protestants" 
 (1873), " The Early American Spirit, and the Genesis of It " (1875) ; 
 "The Declaration of Indei)endence, and the Effect of It" (187(i); 
 "The Recognition of the Supernatural in Letters and Life" (1880), 
 and "John Wickliffe, and the First English Bible" (1880). Dr. 
 StoiTS is the son of Rev. Richard S. Storrs, for more than fifty years 
 pastor of the Congregational Church of Braiutree, Mass.; is the grand- 
 son of Rev. Richard P. Storrs, for nearly forty years pastor of the Con- 
 gregational Church of Long [Meadow, ^fass., and is the great-grandson 
 of Rev. John Storrs, boni at Mansfield, Conn., who, for many years, 
 was pastor of the Congregational Church at Southold, L. I. 
 
 DUFFIE, CORNELIUS ROOSEVELT, founder and first Rector of 
 St. Thomas's Church, was born in 1789 and died in 1827. He was 
 graduated from Columbia College in 1809, studied law with a cousin, 
 Chancellor Samuel Jones, engaged in business for some time, and 
 from 1817 to 1823 was a vestryman of Trinity Church; began the 
 study of theology in 1821; was ordained a deacon in 1823, and in 
 1824 was ordained a priest, and founded St. Thomas's Church. He 
 married Helena, daughter of James Bleecker, a New York merchant, 
 and his wife, daughter of Theopliylact Bache, and had a son, the 
 present Dr. Cornelius Roosevelt Duftie. He was the son of John 
 Duffie, who was in business in this city in partnei-ship with his broth- 
 er-in-law, Cornelius C. Roosevelt, and was a trustee of the Gold 
 Street Baptist Church, and was the grandson of Major Duncan Duffie, 
 of the Revolution, who came to New Y^ork City in 1741, having been 
 born in Edinburgh in 1733, the son of John Duffie and Catherine 
 
^^^^ ^ 
 
 t-<^ y^t- 
 
 r^-s' 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 505 
 
 Carmicbael. Tliri)Ugh his inotliei- anet'stral strains descended to Dr. 
 Duffie from the American founders of the Roosevelt, Bogart, Herring, 
 Cozine, Van Lent, and other families. 
 
 DUFFIE, CORNELIUS ROOSEVELT, Rector Emeritus of the 
 Church of the Eijiphanj-, and founder, in IS-tS, and first Rector of 
 the Church of St. John the Baptist, which Avas subsequently con- 
 solidated with the Church of tlic J']i)i[)hany, was the sou of the 
 late Dr. Cornelius Roosevelt Duffie, founder and first Rector of St. 
 Thomas's ( "luirch, and his wife, Helena, daughter of James Bleecker, 
 and granddaughter of Theophylact Bache. He was born in this city 
 in 1821, was graduated from Columbia College in 1841, and from 
 the (^icneral Theological Seminary in 1845. From 1846 to 1848 he was 
 connected with Trinity parish, and in 184!) was ordained a priest. He 
 was appointed ('haplaiu of Columbia College in 1857, and is now 
 Chaplain Emeritus. He has been a trustee of the General Theological 
 Seminar}- since 1805. He holds the degree of D.D. " Through the 
 Bleeckers, Barclays, and (iordous. Dr. Duffie can trace his descent to 
 six generations of the Earls of Sutlierland, and over twenty genera- 
 tions of kings of England, Scotland, and France, a queen of Castile 
 and an empress of Germany." He married, first, Sarah Brush, daugh- 
 ter of Joel Clark and ]Mary Brush; and, second, Lillian A., daughter of 
 John Pelton, and has a daughter, Mrs. Edward Hamilton Cahill, and 
 two sons, Cornelius Roosevelt, Jr., and Ai'chibald Bleecker Duffie. 
 The latter is engaged in the real estate business in this city. 
 
 BEECHER, HEXRY WARD (see steel engraving in \'olume II. 
 of this work, facing page 242), a son of the celebrated Rev. Lyman 
 Beecher, was born in Litchfield, Conn., June 24, 1813, and died in 
 / Brooklyn, N. Y., March 8, 1887. He was graduated from Amherst 
 College in 1834, and studied theology at Lane Theological Seminary, 
 of which his father was then President. For a short time in 1837 he 
 was on the editoi-ial staff of a journal published at Cincinnati, Ohio. 
 From 1837 to 1839 he was pastor of a small Presbyterian church at 
 Lawrenceburg, Ind., while, at the same time, he did some farming. 
 He was pastor of a church at Indianapolis, Ind., from 1839 to 1847, and 
 during this period also edited an agricultural journal, his contributions 
 to which were subsequently published under the title of " Fruit. Flow- 
 ers, and Farming." Being in New York City in behalf of tlie Am(>ri- 
 can Home Missionary Society in 1847, he was invited to preach for the 
 newly organized Plymouth Cliurch of Brooklyn, and accepted a call 
 as its pastor. This connection continiu'd until his death. He was 
 editor of the New Y^ork IndcpriKhnl from 1801 to 1863, and subse- 
 quently i)ub]islied liis contributions under tlie title of " Star Papers." 
 From 1870 to 1880 he was editor of the Christian Union. He has also 
 
506 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 published " Lectures to Yonu^,- Meu," " Life Thoughts," '' Yale Lec- 
 tures ou Preafhiuii." " Industry and Idleness," '• Sermons on Libei-ty M 
 and War," " Eves and Ears," " Norwood " (a novel), and " Plymouth ' 
 Hymns and Tunes." He made several visits to Europe, preaching 
 and lecturing in England. He made frequent lecturing- tours in 
 America. Although he had previously been a Ilepublican. he advo- 
 cated the election of President Cleveland in 1884. When scandalized 
 by the charges of Theodore Tilton, Beecher's innocence was maintained 
 by the memljers of his congregation. He was acquitted in the suits 
 brought against him by Tilton for alienation of the affections of the 
 wife of the latter. 
 
 HALL, JOHN, Pastor of the Fifth Avenue Presbyterian Church 
 for many years prior to his death in 1898, was of Scotch Irish descent, 
 
 and was born in County Anuagh, 
 Ireland. July 31. 1829. ke entered 
 Px'Ifast College when thirteen 
 years of age, and, during his 
 course, won many jirizes. This was 
 also true of the theological course 
 whicli followed. He was licensed 
 ro ])reach at the age of twenty, and 
 \\as selected as the students' mis- 
 sionary to western Ireland. Three 
 years later he was installed as pas- 
 Tor of the First Presbyterian 
 Churcli of .\rmagli. In 1858 he 
 arce]ited a call to the Church of 
 Mary"s Abbe_\. now Putland 
 Scjuare, Dublin. He also became 
 Fditor-in-Cliief of the Evaii<i(l\c<tl 
 Wilnrs.^. He a<lvocated popular 
 cdm-ation, and by tlie (^ueen was 
 mad(^ Conniiission<'r of Education 
 for Ireland. In 1S(;7 the Presby- 
 terian (ieneral Assembly of li-cland sent him as a delegate to the Pres- 
 byterian churches of the Fnited States. Upon his return to Ireland 
 he received a call to become Pastor of the Fifth Avenue I'resbyterian 
 Church, of New York City, which he accepted. He began to labor 
 here November 3, 18C)7. In 1871-75 a new church editice was erected. 
 In 1881 he succeeded the late Dr. Howard Crosby as Chancellor of the 
 Uuiversity of the City of New York, Indding this position until his 
 resignation in 1891. He was Lyman Beecher Lecturer in the Yale 
 Theological School from 1875 until his death. He received the degrees 
 of Doctor of Divinitv and Doctor of Laws. 
 
 .JOHN ll.^LL. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK I^IOGRAPHY. 507 
 
 GALLAUDET, THOMAfc^, is a son of Kev. Thomas Hopkins Ual- 
 landet, a Yale graduate and Congregational clergyman, who founded 
 and incorporated, in 181G, the Connecticut Asylum for Deaf and 
 Dumb, the first institution of the kind in the United States, has like- 
 wise won an international reputation through his lifelong efforts in 
 behalf of the same class of unfortunates. From 1843 to 1858 he was 
 an instructor in the Xew York Institution for the Instruction :»r tlie 
 Deaf and Dumb. Ilaving been ordained in the Episcopal Church, in 
 1852 he founded and became rector of St. Ann's Church of this city, 
 a feature of which has always been its services for deaf mutes. He 
 has been Kector Emeritus since 1802. He has been pastor of the 
 Sisterhood of the Good Shepherd since 1809, and was Chaplain of its 
 midnight missions for three yeai"S. He has been General Manager of 
 the Church Mission to Deaf JIutes since its incorporation in 1872. 
 In 1885 he founded the Gallaudet Home for Deaf Mutes on a farm 
 in Dutcliess County overlooking the Hudson. He has several times 
 visited Euro]ie in the interest of the cause to which himself and his 
 family have addicted themselves. Dr. Edward Miner Gallaudet, 
 founder, in 1804, of the Gallaudet College for the Deaf at ^Vashing- 
 ton, and its President for niore than forty years since, is his brother. 
 A graduate from Trinity College, in 18G2 Mr. (llallaudet received its 
 degree of D.D. He married, in 1845, P^lizabeth, daughter of Dr. B. W. 
 Budd, and has live daughters and a son. Dr. Benjamin Gallaudet, 
 Demonstrator of Anatomy in the Xew Y'ork College of Physicians 
 and Surgeons. The first American ancestor, Pierre Elisee Gallaudet, 
 a I'^rench Huguenot i)hysician, came to Xew Rochelle, Westchester 
 County, as early as 1711. He was born near Rochelle, France, the son 
 of Joshua Gallaudet and ^Margaret, daughter of Rev. Elisha I'rioleau, 
 Minister of Xiort. 
 
 BACKUS, BRADY" ELECTUS, Rector of the Church of the Hob- 
 Apostles, Xew York City, since 1S7G, was born in 1839 at Troy, X. Y'., 
 the son of the late Professor Augustus Backus and Martha Cordelia, 
 daughter of Judge Benning ^lann, of Hartford, Conn. He is lineally 
 descended from William Backus, of Xiu-wich, England, who settled 
 at Saybrook, Conn., and subsecjuently, in 1059, became a founder of 
 Norwich, Conn., and also from Sir Jolm Peters, of Exeter, England, 
 in 1509. His grandfather, Electus :M. Backus, was a Revolutionary 
 sohlier, Uieutenant-Colonel in the United States Army, and com 
 mander of the American forces at Sackett's Harbor during the \\'ar 
 of 1812, being killed while defending it against the British in 1813. 
 His father was Professor of Music in the Emma Willard Seminary, 
 subsequently pursuing a business career at Grand Raiiids, Mich. Dr. 
 Backus was bred to tlie law, and pi-acticed in Grand Rapids until 1800, 
 when he entered Trinity College. He was graduated in 1870, as he 
 was from the General Theological Seminary of tins city in 1873. The 
 
508 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 same Tear lie was appointed assistant miuister of St. Peter's, New 
 York; in 1874 became rector of Christ Church, Cooperstown, N. Y., 
 and in 1876 entered upon liis present charge. He has received the 
 degree of D.D., and is a member of Trinity College Alumni, the New 
 England Society, the Society of Mayflower Descendants, the Society 
 of Colonial Wars, the Suns of the Revohition, and the Society of the 
 War of 1812. He married, in 1875, Annie Taylor, and has a daughter 
 and a son, Electus T. Backus. 
 
 POTTER, HENRY CODMAN, seventh Protestant Episcopal 
 Bishop of the Diocese of New York, is a nephew of the sixth Bishop, 
 the late Dr. Horatio Potter. He was born in Schenectady, N. Y., May 
 25, 1835, attended tlic l'hil;id('li)liia Academy, and in 1S57 was gradu- 
 ated from the Theological Seminaiw of 
 ^'irginia. He was at once made a deacon, 
 and, on October 15, 1858, was ordained a 
 priest. He was in charge of Christ 
 Church, at Greensburg, Pa., from the 
 
 time of his graduation until May, 1859. 
 During the next seven years he was 
 Rector of St. John's, at Troy, N. Y. For 
 two years following he was Assistant 
 Rector of Trinity Church, Boston. In 
 :May, 18G8, he became Rector of Grace 
 Church, New York, so remaining for the 
 sixteen years following. In 1803 he was 
 elected Pi-esident of Kenyon College. From 
 18(;(; to 1883 he was Secretary of the House 
 of Bislio]>s. In 1873 he was elected Bishop 
 of Iowa, but declined the oftice. In 1883 he 
 was elected Assistant Bisliop nf tlie Diocese of New York, and in Janu- 
 ary, 1881, he resigned as Rector of Grace Church. The duties of 
 Bishop practically devolved upon him while he was Assistant. After 
 the death of his uncle, January 2, 1887, he was elected Bishop of the 
 Diocese. Union (J'oUege conferred u])on him the degTce of Master of 
 Arts in 18(53, and that of Doctor of Divinity in 1865. From Trinity 
 College he received the degree of Doctor of Laws in 1881, and tliat of 
 Doctor of Divinitv in 1883.' 
 
 HKXRV C. POTTER. 
 
 RYLANCE, JOSEPH IL, since 1871 Rector of St. Mark's Church, 
 New York City, was born in Ireland, June 16, 1826; was graduated 
 from King's College, London; for two years was curate of a parish in 
 a London suburb; for five years Rector of an Englisli Protestant Epis- 
 copal Clmrcli in Paris, and came tn tlie T'nitcd States in 1865, bearing 
 letters of sympathy from (^neen Victoria to Congi-ess on the dcatli of 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 509 
 
 Abraham Lincoln. Prior to his call to St. Mark's in ISTl, lie had been 
 called successively to St. Paul's Church, ("Icveland. and St. James's 
 OLurch, Chicago. 
 
 DUFFIELI), nOWAIU). Pastor of the First Presbyterian Church 
 of New York City since 1S91, was graduated from Princeton College 
 and Princeton Theological Seminary, and for many years was pastor 
 of the Westminster Presbyterian Churcli, of Detroit, Mich., prior to 
 Ms call to his present charge. Dr. Duttiehl attracted attention by a 
 remarkably brilliant patriotic address delivered at a banquet of the 
 Republican Club of the City of New York, in ^lanh, ISDS, at the height 
 of the excitement occasioned by the destruction of tlie United States 
 battleship Maine in Havana Harbor, and the reports of terrible suffer- 
 ing in Cuba thi"ough Spanish cruelty. 
 
 HOFFMAN, EUGENE AUGUSTUS, iias been Dean of t lir (iciK'ral 
 Theological Seminary of the City of New 'N'oik. ihc inosi imiahlc in 
 stitution of its kind of the Protest- 
 ant Episcopal Church of AnuMica, | 
 since 1879. Not merely has he 
 drawn no salar.\' during tlds period, 
 but he has liiniself endowed the of- 
 fice of r)«^aii. and is allowing tlic 
 interest to accrue for the benefit of 
 the Seminary. By Idmself and liis 
 family three professorships in tlie 
 Sennnai-y have been endowed, 
 while its memorial (diapel of tin' 
 Good Shepherd was erected by tlie 
 Dean's UKitht^r in memory of his 
 father, the late Samuel \'er])lanck 
 Hoffman. Through liis effoils, in 
 fad, over one million dollars have 
 been secured to the inslituliou, 
 while the large block, ]<no\\n as 
 Chelsea Scpiare, upon which stood 
 two old stone houses when he be- 
 came Dean, " has been more than half covered liy a magnihceiit pile of 
 biuldings." He has also been a liberal contributor and able executive 
 otticer to church charities and various institutions. He is a member of 
 the Board of Managers of the Missionary Society of the Protestant 
 Episcopal Church, the Clergymen's Betiring I'und Society, the Society 
 for Promoting Beligion and Leanung in tlie State of New York, the 
 Corporation for the Belief of Widows and Orphans of Clergymen, Trin- 
 ity School, and the Cathedral of St. John the Divine. He is also Chair- 
 man of the Building Committee of the Cathedral of St. John the Divine. 
 
 EUCENK. .\ L !_; L .^ 1 L .s HoKhM.VN. 
 
510 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Diiriiiii- many consecutive rears lie has rejiresented the Diocese of New 
 York iu the General Convention. He is a member of the commission 
 appointed for the Kevisiou of the Constitution and Canons of the 
 Protestant Episcopal Church. The deti'ree of Doctor of Divinity was 
 conferred upon him by IJutgers College in 1803, by Ifacine College in 
 1882, by the General Theological Seminary in 1885, and by Columbia 
 ( 'ollege in 1886. Tlie degree of Doctor of Common Law was bestowed 
 upon him in 1890 by King's College University, ^A'indsor, Xova Scotia. 
 The degree of Doctor of Laws was given him by the University of 
 the South in isitl and by Trinity University, Toronto, in 1893. He 
 has published " The Eucharistic ^Yeek,■' " The Legal Use of Church 
 Bells," and '' The System of Free Churches," besides sermons, ad- 
 dresses, and magazine artich's. He is a member of tlie Century, Rid- 
 , ^ ^ iiiii' '111'^ <-'ity clubs, the Archieologi- 
 
 / fl Jtlr^^fC^^^^i^^ ""^^ Society of New York, the Ameri- 
 ^ ■ ^--^- y / can Geographical Society, the New 
 
 Y^ork Historical Society, the New 
 York (ienealogical and I'.iographical Society, the American Institute 
 of Christian riiilosojihy, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and the 
 American 31useum of Natural History. He was born in New York 
 City, March 21, 1829, and descends from the old New Y'ork families 
 of Hoffman, De Witte, De Crispel, Benson, Yerplanck, Beekman. 
 Storm, and others. The late Eev. Dr. Charles Frederick Hoffman, 
 Rector of All Angels, New York City, was his younger brother. His 
 mother was the daughter of Garrit Storm, well known as a New Y^ork 
 merchant. His father, the late Samuel A'erplanck Hott'man, was bred 
 a lawyer, but later became head of the celebrated drygoods commis- 
 sion house of Hoffman & Waldo, of New Y'ork City. He was a director 
 in important business corporations, prominent in church work and a 
 member of tlie Union Leagiie Club. Dr. Hoffman is lineally descended 
 from Marten Hoffman, a wealthy resident of New Amsterdam as early 
 as lOGO; from his son, Captain Nicliolas Hoffman; from the latter's 
 son. Colonel Martinus Hoffman, while the son of the last-mentioned, 
 Ca]itain Harmanus Hoff'nian. was the Dean's grandfather by his wife, 
 Catherine, daughter of I'hilip A'ei'planck and Ettie Beekman. Dr. 
 Hoff'nian was himself married in 1852 to Mary C, daughter of the late 
 Peter Zabriskie Elmendorf. Of their four rliildron, the son, Samuel 
 Yerplanck Hoffman, is Astronomical Fellow iu Johns Hopkins Uni- 
 versity, while the three daughters are the wives, respectively, of Rev. 
 .Tolin Harry Watson, Rector of the Church of the Good Shepherd, Hart- 
 ford, Conn.; Rev. Thomas White Nickerson, Jr., Rector of St. Paul's 
 Church, Paterson, N. J., and Charles Ludovic Hackstaff. It remains 
 to speak of Dr. Hoffman's earlier career. He attended the Columbia 
 College Grammar Schotd, in 1817 was graduated from Rutgers Col- 
 lege, in 1848 was graduated from Harvard, and in 1851 was gTadu- 
 nted from the General Theological Seminarv. He was ordained dea- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 511 
 
 cou by Bishop Doaue, of Xew -Jersey, iu 1851, and during tlie next 
 two years did mission woi-k in connection witli Grace Ohurcli Parish, 
 Elizabeth, N. J. From 1S53 to 1863 lie was Sector of Christ Church, 
 Elizabeth, and erected a stone church building-, a parish schoolhouse, 
 and a rectory, and established a classical school for boys, and a girls' 
 school. He made his church free, organized the parish of Milburn, 
 erected the church of St. Stephen, brought about the erection of a 
 church building at Woodbridge, where he revived the parish, and 
 freed St. James's, IlackettstOAvn, from debt. Urged by Bishop Oden- 
 heimer to become liector of St. Mary's, Burlington, X. J., within a 
 year he lifted its debt of $23,000, and raised funds for a peal of bells 
 and an endowment for bell-ringers. During this time he became a 
 trustee of Burlington College and St. Mary's Hall, and was Secretary 
 of the Diocesan Convention and Secretary of the Standing Committee. 
 During the five years following 1804 he was Rector of Crace Church, 
 Brooklyn. The erection of Long Island into a separate diocese oc- 
 curred at this time, and he became President of its Standing Commit- 
 tee, and Avas prominently mentioned for the first Bishop. He be- 
 came one of the trustees of the Church Charity Foundation. He was 
 Rector of St. ifark's, Pliiladelphia, during the ten years from 1800 to 
 1879, and dis^daycd his wonted energy. 
 
 HOFFMAN, CHARLES FREDERICK, Rector and founder of All 
 Angels Protestant Episcopal Parish. Xew York City, was born in 
 White Street, Xew York, Noveml>er 18, 1830, and died iu the same 
 city, March 4, 1897. He was the second son of the late Samuel Ver- 
 planck Hoffman, the prominent Xew York merchant, his elder brother 
 being Rev. Dr. Eugene Augustus Hoffman, Dean of the General Theo- 
 logical Seminary of New York City. Dr. Charles F. Hoffman attended 
 Rutgers College, in 1851 was graduated from Trinity College, and pre- 
 pared for the Protestant Episcopal ministry at the General Theo- 
 logical Seminar;^' in Xew York. Ordained a deacon by Bishop G. W. 
 Dnane, of Xew Jersey, he was for two years stationed at ^forristown, 
 in that State, in charge of a number of small cha])els in the surround- 
 ing villages. He then became curate of St. Mary's Church, Burling- 
 ton, X'. J., of which parish Bislioj) Doane was Rector, as well as head 
 of the diocese. Upon the death of Bishop Doane. two years later, he 
 became Rector of the parish of St. Philip's, at Garrisons, X'. Y., when- 
 lie remained foi' fourteen years. In 1873 he acceiiled (he charge of llie 
 little mission chajiel of All Angels, at that time in West Central Park, 
 and made of it one of the largest and most ])0))ular Pi'otestanl l->iiis- 
 ro]i;il ](arishes in the City of Xew York. Tlie ]»resent church edifice, 
 at the corner of Eighty-first Street and West End .Vvenue, was largidy 
 built at the exjiense of Ids private forinne, as a memorial to Ins ]iar 
 ents. It was erected in 1890. He was also a liberal benefactor beyond 
 the limits of his own parish. To St. Stephen's College, Annan- 
 
512 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 dale, N. Y., he gave the Hoffiiian Library Building and its contents. 
 He erected the new dormitorv for the University of the South, at 
 Sewanoe, Tenn. lie founded the Church Association for the Pro- 
 nioling of the Interests of Ciiurch Schools, Colleges, and Seminaries 
 — an organization which has already saved a number of institutions 
 threatened with extinction, added to the equipment of others, and 
 founded scholarslnp. lie was a trustee of St. Stephen's College, An- 
 nandale, and of the General Theological Seminary of tlus city. At 
 the time of his death he was Vice Chancellor of Ilobart College, 
 Geneva, N. Y., — a i>osition lield at one time by tlie late Hon. William 
 E. Gladstone. He published "Notes on the Angels," "Days and 
 
 Nights with Jesus," " The Prin- 
 ciple of the Incarnation," " Books: 
 A Library Lecture," " A Ramble 
 at Sewanee," and " The Artists" 
 and Authors' Prayer Book." He 
 left incomplete a magnumopus 
 illustration of the Bible. The de- 
 grees of D.I)., D.G.L., and LL.D. 
 were conferred upon him. About 
 1854 lie was married to Eleanor 
 Louise A'ail, of New Brunswick, 
 N. -L, who survives him, with their 
 daughter, Mrs. Jacob Van "N'echten 
 olcott, of New York City, and two 
 sons — Charles Frederick Hoffman, 
 Jr., and William Mitchell Vail 
 Hoffman — both of whom are en 
 engaged in real estate business in 
 New York. Charles Frederick 
 Hoffman, -Jr., is a director ami 
 Secretary of the Real Instate Exchange and Auction Kooms, and a 
 director of tlie I'^rnit Auction Com]iany. The ancestral antecedents 
 will be found given in the notice of I»ean Eugene Augustus Hoff'uian. 
 
 CH.AKLtS Hlh.DKKlCK HOKK.MAN. 
 
 ABBOTT, LYMAN, successor of Henry Ward Beeclier as pastor of 
 Plymouth Congregational Church, Brooklyn, is also well known as an 
 editor and author. One of tlie sons of Professor Jacob Abbott, the 
 voluminous author of the famous " Rollo Books," and other series for 
 the young, he was born in Roxliurv,]Mass., December IS, 1835, was grad- 
 uated from tlie Fniversity of the City of New York in 185:>, studied law, 
 was admitted to the New York bar, and for a short time was the j^art- 
 ncr of his distinguished brothers, Bcujaunn Vaughan and Austin 
 Abbott, after which he studied ilieology. Pastor of a Congregational 
 Church at Terre Haute, Ind., f'l-om 1860 to 18(55, during the next three 
 vears he was Secretar-v at New York Citv of the American T^nion 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 513 
 
 Commission, in the interest of the freedmeu. He was also pastor for a 
 time of the ^N'ew Eu^hiud Church of New York City, resigning in 1869 
 to devote himself to literary work. lie had previously been joint 
 author with his two brothers of the novels, " Cone-Cut Corners " 
 (1855) and "Matthew Caraby " (1858 j. He now edited a depart- 
 ment of Harper's Magazine, as well as the Illustrated Christian Weekli/. 
 He subsequently became joint editor with Henry Ward Beecher of the 
 Christian Union, and from Mr. Beecher's retirement to the present 
 time has been its editor-in-chief. He resigned the pastorate of Ply- 
 mouth Congregational Church in 1898. He delivered a series of ser- 
 monic lectures on " Tiie Bible as Literature," in which he suppoi-ted 
 the Driver-Briggs variation of the Kuenen-Wellhausen school of high- 
 er criticism of the Bible. 
 
 CONCANEN, KICHAKD LUKE, first Koman Catholic Bishop of 
 New York, was consecrated at IJome, Italy, April 24, 1808 (the Htate 
 of New York and Eastern New Jersey having been erected into a dio- 
 cese, with New York City as the Episcopal t^ee. on April 8 of that 
 year), but failed to reach New York on account of the military condi- 
 tions in Europe, and died at Naples, June 19. 1810. 
 
 KOHLMANN, ANTHONY, Jesuit, held the office of Yicar-General 
 and Administrator of the Eoman Catholic Diocese of New York, on 
 account of the inability of tho first Bishop. Richard Luke Concanen 
 (whom see), to reach New York City. With his associate, Fenwick. 
 another Jesuit, Kohlmann founded the New York Literary Institute, 
 the first Catholic school of imixirtance in the city, located at Fifth 
 Avenue and Fiftieth Street, a portion of the present site of St. Pat- 
 rick's Cathedral. 
 
 JOQUES. ISAAC, a Jesuit, ransomed from captivity among the 
 Iroquois, and given passage to France by the citj' of New Amster- 
 dam in 1G43. is said to have been the first Catholic priest Avho set 
 fdot in New York City. " He found in the city," says the chronicler, 
 " only two Catholics — a Portuguese woman and a. transient Inslini.in 
 from ^Faryland — whose confessions he heard." 
 
 HAEYEY, THOMAS, a Jesuit, who accompanied Dongan, the 
 Catholic Governor, to New York City in 1683. was the first Catholic 
 priest having a charge in the city, a Catholic chapel near Bowling 
 Green, and a Latin school about where Trinity Church now stands 
 being tlicn established. When Leisler assumed the government lie 
 IIimI tip Maryland, but subsequently returned. 
 
 :\rrGLYNN, EDWARD, Catliolic priest, of New York City, is distin- 
 guished for his eloquent advocacy of the system of political economy 
 
514 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 of lilt' late Ht'iin- Gcin-iie. Pastor of St. Stepben's; Church at the time, 
 Dr. M(( Jlyun espoused the candidae}- of Getuye as Mayor of New York 
 City iu 1884, aud, refusing to desist at the commaud of Archbishop 
 Corrida n, was suspended as a priest. Xot appearinii' before the Pope 
 at Ivonie when summoned, he was excommunicated; but soon after the 
 arrival in this country of the Papal Delegate, Archbishop Satolli, by 
 this dignitary he was restored to his pi-iestly functions, in December, 
 1892. While he was under the ban of the church, thousands of his 
 parishioners and other sympathizers openly identified themselves with 
 Dr. McGlynu, willing to share his ecclesiastical exile. These formed 
 the nucleus of the large congregation whom tlie clergyman, as Presi- 
 dent of the Anti-Poverty Society of this city, addressed each Sunday 
 niglit at Coojier T'nion for many years. He is now in charge of a parish 
 in Newburg. 
 
 COXXOLLY, JOHN, Prior of St. Clement's Dominican Convent at 
 Kome, Italy, was appointed by Pius YII. in 1814, the Second Bishop 
 
 of the Koman Catholic Diocese of 
 Xew York, was consecrated at 
 Eome on November of that year, 
 and anivi'd in Xew Y'ork City on 
 December 21. remaining Bishop of 
 X'ew York until his death in this 
 city, Febimaiw 6, 1825. Having at 
 first but four jiriests under him in 
 a diocese including the State of 
 Xew Y'ork and a part of Xew Jer- 
 sey, he did missionaiw work him- 
 self, founding, among others, the 
 Catholic churches at Utica and 
 Bochester, X^. Y. Tie introduced 
 the Sisters of Charity into Xew 
 " Y^ork City, and placed under them 
 the orphan asylum which he had 
 founded in 1817, and incorporated 
 as 1 he Xew York Benevolent Society. He was active during the yel- 
 lo\\- fever plague of 1822 and 1823. He v\'as born iu Drogheda, Ire- 
 land, in 1750, and educated in Belgium. 
 
 POWER. JOITX. Roman Catholic priest, was Yicar-General under 
 Bishoi:) John Connolly, and during nearly two v^ears, from the death 
 of the latter, February C, 1825. until the appointment of his successor. 
 Bishop Du Bois. was Administrator of the Diocese of X'ew York. 
 
 JOIIX CONNOLLY. 
 
 PRESTON. THOMAS S., Assistant Minister of St. Luke's Episcopal 
 Church, X'ew York City, prior to 1849, in tliat year entered the Roman 
 
ENCVCLOPF.DLV OF XEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 515 
 
 Catholic oomiiiUHidii. lie sulisccjueiitly becaiiic Pastor of t<t. Ann's 
 CaTliolif Clinicli, New York Citv; was Chancellor and Mear-General 
 under both Cardinal MeCloskey and Archbishop Corrij^an, and was 
 made Mousiauor. 
 
 DU BOIS, JOHN, succeeded Jcdin Connolly as Konian Catholic 
 Bishop of Xew York in 1826. He had been the founder (d" Mount t^t. 
 .Mary's Collej;e, Enmu^sburg, ild.. and had assisted Madame iSetuu in 
 founding the Bisters of Charity. He dedicated a number of churches 
 and established a diocesan seminary at Xyack, X. Y., which was sub- 
 sequently destroyed by fire. He died December 15, 1842. 
 
 IirCtHES, JOHX, the first Archbishop of Xew York, was born in 
 Annaloghau, (bounty Tyrone, Ireland, June 24, 1797, the son of Pat- 
 rick Hughes and JIargaret McKenna. About 181C the family emi- 
 grated to Chambersburg, 'Sid., and the future Arc]d)islio]) was edu- 
 cated at Mount Bt. Mary's College, at Emmets- 
 burg, Md. He was ordained priest iu 1S2G, the 
 following year became Pastor of St. Mary's 
 Chtirch, at Emmetsburg, and sub.se(iuently 
 was assigned to St. Joseph's, at Philadelphia. 
 He organized the Catholic Tract Society and 
 St. John's Orphan Asylum at Philadelphia. 
 He was also active iu founding a theidogical 
 seminary. He had controversies with Dr. 
 Delancey and Pev. John Breckinridge. In 
 1837 he was appointed Coadjutor-Bishop to 
 Bishop Dubois, of Xew Y'ork. Tavo years later 
 he succeeded the latter. He reorganized the 
 lay trustee system of Xew Y'ork, founded the 
 
 Church Debt Association, in 1840 founded St. John's ("ollege at Ford- 
 ham, subsequently turning it over to the Jesuits; engaged in the public 
 school controversy, in 1841 in.troduced at Xew York the Ladies of the 
 Sacred Heart, and in 1846 the Sisters of Charity. He also engaged 
 in controversy over " Know^-X'othingism." He secured the erection of 
 the dioceses of Albany and Bufialo by a subdivision of his diocese, 
 while in 1849-50 his diocese was erected into an archdiocese, he being- 
 made its first Archbishop. He op]iosed the revolutionary movements 
 in Europe in 1852, and was antagonistic to Kossuth on the occasion 
 of the latter's visit to this country. He erected the Church of the 
 Immaculate Conce])tiou in 1854, and in 1858 laid the cornerstone of 
 St. Patrick's Cathedral. In 1859 he sent a present of $50,000 to Pope 
 Pius IX., collected in his archdiocese. In 1861 he visited Europe at 
 Lincoln's request. A little later he founded the theological seminaiw 
 of his denomination at Troy. X. ^'. He died in Xew York City. Janu- 
 ary 3, 1864. 
 
 ^/^i- 
 
516 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 McCLOSKEY, JOHN, was appointed Coadjutor to Bishop Hughes 
 in 184:4, and on Mav 6, 1864, succeeded him as Arclibishop of the 
 
 Eoman Catholic Archdiocese of New 
 York. He placed the Catholic Pro- 
 tectoi"y on a firm foundation, and 
 carried St. Patrick's Cathedral to 
 completion. IVfanT churches were 
 ei'ected under his administration, 
 many institutions organized, and 
 many new Catholic ordere intro- 
 duced in the city. ()n April 27, 1875, 
 he was made Cardinal, New Y'ork 
 thus becoming the See of the first 
 American Cardinal. The Catholic 
 Union and the Catholic Club were 
 formed during this period. Upon the 
 death of Pope Pius IX., in 1878, Car- 
 dinal McCloskey was summoned to 
 the conclave of cardinals at lionie. 
 Pope Leo XIII. was elected, how- 
 ever, before he arrived, (.'ardinal McCloskey died October 10, 
 1885. 
 
 MacCEACKEN, henry M1T(;HELL, was born at Oxford, Ohio, 
 September 28, 1840, his paternal great-grandfathers, of Scotch descent, 
 being Kevolutionary soldiers. Being graduated from Miami Univer- 
 sity at the age of sixteen, he taught the classics, and was superintend- 
 ent of a school. He studied theology two years at the United Presby- 
 terian Seminai*y at Xenia, Oliio, and in 1SC3 was graduated at Prince- 
 ton. For four years Pastor of the Westminster Church of Columbus, 
 Ohio, he was one of the Committee of Three of the Ohio Synod, who 
 founded the University of Wooster in 18G6. In 18G7 he was a delegate 
 to the Free Church Association of Edinburgh and the Assembly at 
 Dublin. Eesigning his pastorate, he studied a winter at the universi- 
 ties of Tiibingen and Berlin. On his return he became Pastor of a 
 Presbyterian church in Toledo, Ohio. He proposed the Presbyterian 
 Ter-centenary celebration of 1872 in the General Assembly of 1870. 
 In 1881 he became Chancellor of the Western University of Pennsyl- 
 vania, as well as its Professor of Philosophy. He secured its removal 
 from Pittsburg to Allegheny and its establishment on a better foun- 
 dation in 1882. In 1884 he delivered the address at the Scotch-Irish 
 Eeunion at Belfast, Ireland, the same year becoming Professor of Phi- 
 losoi)liy in the University of the City of New York. He subsequently 
 became executive officer of this institution, with the title of Vice-Chan- 
 c(dlor, while, in 1891, he succeeded the late Dr. John Hall as its Chan- 
 cellor. He was active in founding its School of Pedagogy, in forming 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 517 
 
 its alliauce with Uuiuu Theological t^ciuiuaiy iu 1890, iu thi' purchase 
 of the new site, University Heights, in 1892; iu the removal thither in 
 1894, iu the erection of the system of collegi' luills and the library, at 
 a cost of |G00,000; iu the ei'ection, for .1700,000, of the new building 
 of eleven stories on the old site on Washington Square, as offices, coun- 
 cil-room, and location for the Schools of Law and Pedagogy, and in 
 the consolidation of the School of Medicine with the Bellevue Hospital 
 Medical College. He holds the degrees of Doctor of Divinity and Doe- 
 tor of Laws. In the General Assembly of 1890 he moved for a com- 
 mittee to revise the Westminster Confession. He is Vice-President 
 of the Society for the Prevention of Crime. 
 
 CORRIGAN, MICHAEL AUGUSTINE, Archbishop of New York 
 since October 10, 1895, the date of the deatii of the late Cardinal 
 McCloskey, had performed the 
 active functions of his present 
 position from September 26, 
 1880, when, under the title of 
 Archbishop of Petra, he was 
 made the Coadjutor of Cardinal 
 McCloskey, with the right of 
 succession to the archdiocese. 
 Prior to this he had labored iu 
 Newark, N. J., in which city he 
 was born. August 13, 1839. 
 Graduated from Mount St. 
 Mary's, Emmetsburg, Md., iu 
 1859, he was one of the first 
 students to enter the Ameri- 
 can College at Rome, Italy, 
 and was ordained a i)riest in 
 that city, September 19, 1803, 
 receiving the degree of Doctor of Divinity the following year in public 
 competition. He was appointed Professor of Dogmatic Theology and 
 Sacred Scripture in Seton Hall College, Orange, N. J.; became Presi- 
 dent of that institution in 1868, administered the Diocese of Newark in 
 the absence of Bishop Bayley iu ISTO, and. in ^March, 1873, was ap- 
 pointed Bishop of Newark by I'ius IX. It was the record made by 
 him in this diocese in establishing Catholic institutions, erecting 
 churches, and creating new parishes, as well as for his skill in adjust- 
 ing ecclesiastical differences, which led to his assignment to the Diocese 
 of New York. 
 
 LOW, SETH, President of Columbia University, was born in Brook- 
 lyn, N. Y., January 18, 1850, and is one of the sons of the late Abiel A. 
 Low, referred to elsewhere. (For portrait of Seth Low. see A'olume 
 
 MICHAEL AUGUSTINE COKKIGAN. 
 
518 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 II. of tliit> wnik, pa^c 27:.'. 1 lie attended the Brooklyn Polytechuic' 
 Institute, and in INTO was graduated from Columbia College at the 
 head of his elass. During the last ^ear of the course he also attended 
 law lectiires. hi ISTo he entered his father's tea-importing business, 
 becoming manager of tIic firm business. He became a mendjer of the 
 New York Cliamber ot < 'iininicnc He was one of tlie founders of the 
 Young Men's IJeform Club of lirooklvn, and became its first President. 
 In ISf^il he was elected Mayor of Brooklyn as an independent candi- 
 date, while in 1883 he was re-elected. He won distinction by his 
 economical administration ami his efforts to introduce the principle 
 of civil-service examiualioii^ in connection with municipal offices. At 
 the end of his second tciin he \ isited Europe, lleturning he re-entered 
 his fatlier's business, subsequently closing up the euterpi-ise. In 1890 
 he was electetl to succeed the late Dr. F. A. P. Barnard as President of 
 ('olumbia College. He ai oiu-e secured a close unicm of tlie several 
 departments, all of them being cnnl lulled by a university couiicii. In 
 18i)0, for the first time, the New \'nrk (.'oUege of Physicians and Sur- 
 geons held its annual eommciiceiiient at the same time as the other 
 departments of the college. By act of the Legislature, March 24, 1891, 
 it was made an organic part of tlu' cor])oration of Columbia University. 
 A new site f(U' the University was obtained by the purchase of Bloom- 
 iiigdale Asylum and grounds on .Morningside Heights, the payment of 
 82,0(10,000 for this property b.-ing consummated in 1891. The institu- 
 tion now occupies tlie new buildings ei-ected there. Mr. Low devoted 
 one-half of liis jirivate roiluiic, ilic sum of 81,000,000, for the erection 
 of tlie ni'w library building, in ISO.'! was established tlie CnJinnhia 
 I iiinii /'/T.vx for the i>uldicalioii of \aluable documents and treatises. 
 Mr. Low was also a founder of the Brooklyn Bureau of Charities, and 
 was its first President. He is President of the ArchiPological Institu- 
 tion of America, and is Vice-President of the New York Academy of 
 Sciences. By Governor Morton he was apjxunted one of tlic commis- 
 sioners to draft the present charter of the City of New York. In the 
 first election feu* ;\Iayor of the consolidated city, in the fall of 1897, he 
 was the candidate of the Citizens' !■ nion. Mayor Van Wyck, Benjamin 
 F. Tracy, and Henry (ieorge being the other candidates. His resig- 
 nation as President of Columbia University was not acted upon during 
 the campaign, and, after his defeat, was withdrawn. 
 
 ROOSEVELT, THE(>i>()i;i:. Covernor of the State of New York, 
 was born in New York City, October 27, 1858. He is the son of the 
 late Theodore Ifoosevelt and a nephew of the preseiit IJobert B. IJoose- 
 velt and the late James A. Poosevcdt. He was graduated from Har- 
 vard College in 1880, and began the study of law in New York. He 
 served in the New York Assembly in 18S2, 1883, 1884, and 1885, rep- 
 lesenting the Twenty-first District of New York City. In 1880 he was 
 Republican candidate for Mayor of New York, in a triangular con- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 )19 
 
 test, Mayiir Ahiam 8. Hewitt and Henry Georije beini;- the other can- 
 didates. By President Cleveland, dnring,- the hitters first adminis- 
 tration, he was appointed a Eepnblican member of the United States 
 Civil-service Commission, and distin.miislied himself in this position 
 by his vigorous efforts in enforcing civil-service regulations. He re- 
 signed from this office. May 1, 1895, to accept his appointment by 
 Mayor Strong as Police Commissioner of New York City, while, by the 
 Board of Police Commissioners, he was elected its Pi-esident. After a 
 vigorous administration in this ca]>acity, he resigned to accei)t his 
 ai4iointment by President McKinlev, Ajiril (>. IS'.IT, as Assistant Sec- 
 retary of the Navy. He held this ]»osition 
 
 during the period of preparation for tlie 
 Spanish Wai', and iIkii i('sign(Ml to acccpl 
 the commission of Lientenant-Colonel of the 
 regiment of so-called " Rough Riders," 
 Avhich had been organized to serve under 
 him. This command participated in the 
 Santiago campaign, while, after its engage- 
 ment at Siboney, R'oosevelt was commis- 
 sioned Colonel. Returning to the United 
 States with Ids ti-oops, lie became the Re]Mili- 
 lican candidate for (iovern(U- of New York, 
 
 and was elected to this otiice November S, 1898. He is the author of 
 '' Naval War of 1S12," " l.ife of Thomas IT. Benton," " Life of Gouver- 
 neur Morris," " Ranch Life and Hunting Trail," '' The Winning of the 
 West," " History of New \<nk City," " Essays on Practical Politics," 
 " The Wildeiness Hunter," " American Political Ideals." and, in col- 
 laboration with Henry Cabot Lodge, "Hero Tales from Ann-rican 
 HistoiT." 
 
 THKonOl'.K UOOSKVKLT. 
 
 BEAL, \\ ILLIAM REYNOLDS, was Sui)erintendent of the Gas 
 Light Company of Yonkers, N. Y., from 1855 to 18G6; was President 
 and [Manager of the Central Gas Light Company of New York City 
 from 18(j(; to 1897, and is now President of tlie Central Union Gas 
 Company of this city. He originated the Northern Gas Light Com- 
 pany of New York City, and the ^Villiam R. Beal Land Improvement 
 Company, and is a director of both corporations. For several years 
 he w^ns a School Trustee in the Twenty-third Ward, and Chairman of 
 the Board of School Trustees. He is Yice-Presi<lent of the Young 
 Men's Christian Union of Harlem, is a trustee of the Young ^^'omen's 
 Christian Association of Harlem, and is a vestryman of Holy Trinity 
 Church I Episcoi)al I, of this city. He is a member of the New York 
 Yacht, Larchmont Yacht, Church, and Harteni clubs, and of Alex- 
 ander Hamilton Post, Grand Army of the Republic. He was liorn in 
 Newark, N. J., May 13, 1838, and was educat.-d in Grace Church 
 School of that city. His parents, James R. Beal ami Elizabeth Ausien, 
 
520 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 who died when he was a child, were both natives of Eughiud. His 
 mother was of the same family as Jaue Austeu, the authoress. 
 
 PAKSON^, CHARLES, has been President of the Rome, Water- 
 town and Ogdensbnrg Railroad Company since 1SS3, and is President 
 of the South Carolina and Georgia Railroad Company, and President 
 and Receiver of the Ogdensburg and Lake Champlain Railroad. He 
 is Vice-President of the Oswego and Rome Railroad Company, and a 
 director of the Utica and Black River Railroad Company, and the 
 National Bank of the Republic. He was Chairman of the Purchasing 
 Committee of the New Jersey ^lidland Railway Company, which 
 bought that property under foreclosure sale, and having reorganized 
 it. was its president prior to its consolidation with the New York, 
 Susquehanna and Western. In 1892 he was elected President of the 
 New York and New England Railroad Company. As President of the 
 Rome, Watertown and Ogdensburg, he increased the earnings from 
 |l,(iOO,UOO to .$3,500,000, through the purchase of the Syracuse, Phoe- 
 nix and Oswego, and the Rochester and Ontario Belt Railway, the 
 building of tlie Norwood and Montreal Railroad, and the lease and 
 consolidation of the Utica and Black River Railroad. As thus reor- 
 ganized he leased the lines to the New Y^ork Central in 1891. He is 
 a member of the Chamber of Commerce and the New York Stock Ex- 
 change. Born in Alfred, York County, Me., February 6, 1829, he 
 is the son of William Parsons, and seventh in lineal descent from 
 Joseph Parsons, who came from England in 1G35 and settled in 
 Springfield, and subsequently in Northampton, Mass. He enjoyed 
 a good academic education. In the winter of 1 853-51: he shipped 
 produce to the North from New Orleans. He was in the commission 
 business at Savannah, Ga. from 1854 to 1861, when the war forced him 
 to discontinue. Forming a partnership with his brother, Edwin Par- 
 sons, in 18fi2, he has since resided in this city. 
 
 WELLS, JAMES L.. is President of the North Side Board of Trade, 
 President of the Real Estate Auctioneers' Association, a trustee of 
 the Dollar Savings Bank, and a director of the Twenty-third Ward 
 Bank. He has been actively engaged in the real estate business 
 for twenty-six years, and has been a director of the Real Estate Ex- 
 change. He has divided into city lots and successfully marketed 
 nearly all the large properties in the Borough of the Bronx during the 
 past twenty years. From 1884 to ISSS he acted as Official Appraiser 
 for New York City in acquiring lauds (about 4,000 acres) for the 
 " new parks " and parkways. By appointment of Mayor Strong he 
 was Commissioner of Taxes and Assessments in 1895. 1896. and 1897. 
 He was a Member of the Assembly in 1879, 1880. and 1892; a member 
 of the Board of Aldermen in 1881, 1882, and 1883, and was a member 
 of the Board of Education of the town of West Farms from 1869 until 
 
EX'CYCLOPEDIA OF XEW YORK BIOGRAPHY, 521 
 
 its anuexatiou by the city in 1874:. As au Alderman lie obtained the 
 charter under which was constructed the Subui'ban Elevated from 
 One Hundred and Twenty-fifth Street to Treiuont, while as an Assem- 
 blyman he introduced and passed the bill compelling the running of 
 continuous trains and the carrying of passengers from the Battery 
 to Tremont for a single fare of five cents. Active in the citizens' 
 movement which secured a separate Department of Street Improve- 
 ment in the annexed district, he twice refused nomination as Com- 
 missioner of this Department. In 1897 he refused the Eepublican 
 nomination as President of the Borough of the Bronx. He was one 
 of the founders of the Xorth Side Board of Trade, one of the founders 
 of the Twenty-third Ward Bank, and one of the founders of the 
 Dollar Savings Bank. An Episcopalian, he was Vestryman and 
 Warden of Grace Church, West Farms, and subsequently of St. Ann's 
 Church, Morrisania. He was born in West Farms, now a part of 
 New York City. December 16, 1813, and is the son of English parents, 
 his father removing to this country in 1817. He married Florence 
 Edith Fowler, and has a daughter. 
 
 FOSDICK, CHARLES B.. for many years prior to his death was 
 I^romineut both as a leather merchant and financier. He was born in 
 New York City, August 31, 1821, 
 and was descended from one of the ^ 
 
 old Xew York Huguenot families. 
 Having received a common school 
 education, he began a commercial 
 education at the age of tAvelve, and 
 was very soon thereafter launched 
 upon a business career, which con- 
 tinued until his deatli. For forty- 
 five years he was engaged in the 
 tanning and leather business. He 
 was chosen President of the Hide 
 and Leather National Bank, upon 
 its organization, in June, 1891. 
 This institution, under Mr. Fos- 
 dick's direction, became excep- 
 tionally successful, acquiring a 
 large volume of business in a short 
 time. He was also interested as a charles b. fosdick. 
 
 director in such institutions as the 
 
 Second National Bank, the Hamilton Bank, the Oregon Railway and 
 Navigation Company, and other enterprises. A remarkable feature 
 of his career has been thus described : " There is no man in New York 
 who has served so often upon the Grand Jui-y as he has; and owing 
 to his thorough masteiw of eveiwtliina- relating to the work of that 
 
522 HISTORY or the greater XEW YORK. 
 
 aiij^ii.st tribunal — the ' I'alladiuiu of Liberty,' as Horace Greeley des- 
 iguated it — Mr. Fosdick was invariably made foreman, and the pre- 
 sentments upon matters of great public moment were usually drawn 
 up and read by him in open court. Many of the suggestions that 
 he made from time to time in his official capacity have been embodied 
 in the laws and statutes of this Commonwealth." He served con- 
 tinuously as foreman of tlie (!rand Jury for more than ten years. He 
 was foreman when the " Boodle " Aldermen were indicted, and when 
 t he case of Sheriff Flack Avas investigated, as well as upon a number of 
 other important occasions. He served as a Commissioner of Lunacy 
 in the celebrated Ste]dianie murder case, and found Stephanie sane 
 after a previous commission had pronounced ihc culprit insane. The 
 report of this second commission was contirmcd, and Stcplianic was 
 subsequently trie(l and seutenceil 1ii Slat( "s ])iisoii fm- life. 
 
 KORTEIGHT, LAWIIENCE, was one of the notable merchants of 
 this city of the Ixevolutionary period. He was joint owner of several 
 privateers during the colonial war with the French. In 1770 he was 
 one of the original incorporators of the New York Chamber of Com- 
 merce. He acquired large tracts at Kortright, X. Y., which would 
 have been erected into a manor, had not the Revolution swept away 
 this English institution. He was descended from Jan Bastiaensen 
 Kortright. who came to New Amsterdam in lOOo from Beest. (ielder- 
 land. By his M'ife, Hannah Aspiiiwall, Lawrence Kortright liad one 
 son — Captain John Kortright — and daughters who became tlie wives. 
 res])ectively. of I'resident James Monroe and Nicholas Gouvevneur. 
 head of the famous tirm of ({ouverneur. Kortright tK: Company. 
 
 DOTY, ETHAN ALLEN, lias been a resident of Brooklyn since 
 1S47, and by appointment of Mayor Setli J>ow in 1S,S;> became Chair- 
 man of I he Civil-service ( 'oniuiission of the City of Brooklyn. Since 
 1SS!I he has been President of tlie Edison Electric Illuminating Com- 
 ]»aiiy of Brodklyn. lie is also a director of the Fiftli Avenue Bank 
 of Brooklyn, and of I lie I'ranklin Safe Deposit Com]>any of the same 
 Borough. He is a member of the Union League, Lincoln, Hamilton, 
 ^Manufacturers', and Whist clubs of Brooklyn, and the Hardware and 
 Unitanan clubs of New York, and has been active in politics in 
 Brooklyn as an indei»endent l{e]iublican. He was born in New York 
 City, June li, 1837, and was educated in the public schools and the 
 College of the City of New Ycu'k. The son of the late Warren S. Doty 
 and Sarah JNL, daughter of Bev. Caleb Child and Sarah Bramhall, he 
 is eighth in lineal descent from Edward Doty, who came over in the 
 .Mayflower. He also descends fnun Benjamin Child, who emigrated 
 from England to Roxbury, Mass., in 1G30, while his first American 
 ancestor in the Bramhall line was one of the early settlers of Ply- 
 mouth, ^lass. In 1852, Mr. Dotv became Assistant Librarian of the 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF Xi-:W YORK BIOGRAPHY. 523 
 
 Mt'icaiitile Librai v of Xcw Wnk < 'il y, aud a vcar or two later bci-aiiiL' 
 Librarian ot a lariie library in Brooklyn. He was subs-equently book- 
 keeper with a linn of publishei-s, while in ISoT he entered the enii)loy 
 of the nuinnfacttirin.u tiriii of Doty lV: Bergen, of which his father had 
 been founder and head, and some time snbs(M|uent to the death of the 
 latter succeeded to his fathei's interest in the Inisiness. In LStJl* he 
 purchased the interest of 'Sir. Beri;eu, and formed the firm of Doty 
 & McFarlau. This tirni, with manufactory in Brooklyn and ware- 
 house in New York, for many years has been one of the larjiest houses 
 engaged in the manufacture of fancy papers in the United States. 
 
 MOOEE, WILLIAM IIEXI5Y ilELME, was graduated from Union 
 College in 1844. studied law. and in f S47 was admitted to the bar. and 
 was long prominent in New York (_'ity in the adjustment of marine 
 losses. He became Third Executive Oflicer of the Atlantic Mutual 
 Insurance Company, being for thirty years its Second Vice-President, 
 from 188ti to 1895 was its First Vice-President, and since 1895 has 
 been its President. He is a trustee of the Atlantic Trust Company, 
 and the Seamen's Bank fV)r Savings, and is a director of the Phenix 
 Kational Bank. He is President of the Life Saving Benevolent As- 
 sociation, President of the Workingmen's Protective Union, President 
 of the New York Port Society, is one of the vice-presidents of the 
 American Geographical Society, and since 1882 has been a trustee of 
 Union College. In 1890 he Avas elected President of the Union College 
 Alumni Association. He is a member of the Union League and Re- 
 form clubs, and the City Bar Association. He married Adelaide L. 
 Lewis. Born in Sterling. L. I., in 1824, he is the son of Colonel Jere- 
 miah Moore, and descends from Thomas Moore, born in England 
 about 1615, who married Martha, daughter of Rev. Christopher 
 Youngs, Vicar of Eeydon, Suffolk, England, emigrated to Salem, 
 :Mass.. in 1030. and eventually settled at Southold, L. L. where he 
 was the largest taxpayer, was Representative to the Connecticut Gen- 
 eral Court, was Chief Town ofticer, and a [Member of the first New 
 York Provincial Assembly. Through his mother, Julia Brush, he 
 also descends frf>m Rev. George Phillips, one of the founders of 
 Watertowu, Mass., in IGoO. who had been born in Rainham. England, 
 in 1593, and was graduated fioni Cambridge University, England. 
 
 MACKEY, CHARLES WILLIA:M, head of the law firm of Mackey, 
 Forbes & Hughes, of Franklin, Pa., spends the greater portion of his 
 time in the office which he has long maintained in New Yoi-k City. 
 He is President of the Indiana Central Railroad Company, President 
 of the Franklin Steel Casting Comi)any, President of the Pennsylva- 
 nia Mining and Milling Company, President of the Anglo-Anuu-ican 
 Oxide Company, Vice-President of the Firth Sterling Steel Com- 
 panv, and A'ice-President of the Wlieelcr Sterling Proj(>ctile Com- 
 
524 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 pany. He is President of the American Axe and Tool Company. He 
 is Vice-President of tlie New York Connecting Railway Company, 
 having in hand the project of bnilding a bridge across the East 
 Riyer between Morrisania and Brooklyn. He is Vice-President and 
 General Counsel of the Colorado and Northwestern Railway Com- 
 pany. He is President of the Colnmbia Gas Light and Fuel Company, 
 which supplies natural gas to Sharon, iMercer, Meadville, Oil City, and 
 other places in Pennsylvania, having been its organizer. He organ- 
 ized and is President of the Franklin Natural Gas Company of 
 Franklin, Pa. He was President of the American Oxide Company 
 prior to its recent sale to the National Lead Company. He is Presi- 
 dent of the Pennsylvania Reduction Company, which has recently 
 erected at Boulder, Col., one of the largest plants for the reduction 
 
 of gold and other ores in the 
 Ignited States. He is Vice-Presi- 
 dent of the Shenango Coal and Min- 
 ing Company, one of the largest 
 coal companies of Western Penn- 
 sylvania. He is a director of the 
 Savings Bank of Franklin, Pa., the 
 Kmlonton Bank of Emlenton, Pa., 
 and the Edenburgh Bank of Eden- 
 biirgh, Pa. He organized the Co- 
 lumbia Spring Company, a combi- 
 nation of nearly all the manufac- 
 turers of springs in America, and 
 was for some time one of its officers. 
 He also organized the National 
 Lead Trust, the American Axe and 
 Tool Company, and other notable 
 consolidations. He was for many 
 years Attorney of the Allegheny 
 Valley Railroad, a branch of the 
 Pennsylvania system. He projected the Olean, Bradford, and Warren 
 Railroad, subsequently absorbed by the Western New York and 
 Pennsylvania system, and was its Vice-President and General So- 
 licitor. Of the Pittsburg, Bradford and Buffalo Railroad, now linked 
 with the Pittsburg and Western, he was both projector and Presi- 
 dent. He was one of the organizei-s of the Cincinnati and South 
 Eastern Railroad, now a part of the Chesapeake and Ohio system, 
 and was its Vice-President and General Solicitor. He was a director 
 and General Solicitor of the Pittsburg and Western Railroad Com- 
 pany. Formerly President of the Norfolk and Virginia Beach Rail- 
 road Comjiany, under his management it established at Virginia 
 Beach, near Norfolk, one of the well-known winter resorts of the 
 country. He was born in Franklin, Pa., November 19, 1842, re- 
 
 CHARLES W1LLI.4M MACKEY 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 525 
 
 ceived a good education, acquired the priuters trade, and publisiied 
 a newsi^aper wheu a boy. At the age of eighteen he studied law 
 with his brother-iu-law, Hon. Charles E. Tajdor, subsequently Presi- 
 dent-Judge of the Venango District, rennsylvania. After the firing 
 upon ►Sumter, he assisted in organizing the first company raised in 
 his county for the Ci^ii War, which became Company C of the Tenth 
 Regiment, Pennsylvania Eeserve Volunteer Corps; rose to the rank of 
 First Lieutenant, and, when mustered out, July 11, 1863, had par- 
 ticipated in numerous battles, from Dranesville to Gettysburg, and 
 served as Ordnance Officer on the staffs of General M'Call and Gen- 
 eral E. O. C. Ord. By appointment of Secretary Chase, from August, 
 1863, to August 1, 1865, he served as Special Agent for the United 
 States Treasury for the Eastern Virginia and North Carolina District. 
 At the close of the war he became a member of the law firm of Tay- 
 lor & GilfiUan, of Franklin, Pa. In 1875 he was admitted to prac- 
 tice in the Supreme Court of the United States, on motion of Hon. 
 Jeremiah S. Black, formerly Attorney -General of the United States. 
 Mr. Mackey was the Republican candidate for Congress in the Twen- 
 ty-seventh Pennsylvania District in 1881, and again in 1886, but 
 failed of election, though receiving the largest majorities received by 
 a Republican in the district for many years. He did effective work 
 as a campaign speaker in New York and New Jersey in 1888. He 
 was Captain in the Pennsylvania National Guard in 1872 and 1873. 
 He is Past Commander of the Grand Army of the Republic, a mem- 
 ber of the Military Order of the Loyal I^egion, of the New York Medi- 
 co-Legal Society, the Army and Navy, Lawyers', Colonial, and Hard- 
 ware chibs of New York City, the Grosveuor Club of London, the 
 Duquesne Club of Pittsburg, and the Nui-sery Club of Franklin, Pa. 
 He is a Knights Temi)lar, District Deputy (Irand Master of Masons 
 of Pennsylvania, and District Deputy Grand High Priest of Royal 
 Arch Masons of Pennsylvania. He married, ilay 9, 1867, Lauretta 
 B., daughter of the late Cyrus Paige Fay, of Columbus, Ohio. She 
 descends from an old New England family, which settled at Hard- 
 wick, Mass., in 1645. She is a member of the Daughters of the Revo- 
 lution, both her paternal grandfather and her maternal great-grand- 
 father being distinguished officers in the Revolution. Mr. and Mrs. 
 Mackey have six children — Susan Taylor, wife of Edward Everett 
 Hughes, her father's law partner; Myra Fay, wife of Cyrus Clarke 
 Osborne, Representative of the Standard Oil Company nt Rio de 
 Janeiro, Brazil; Cyrus Fay. William Chase, Julia Ann. and ]\I.Trion 
 Paige Mackey. 
 
 CHANDLER, ALBERT BROWN, hns long been prominently iden- 
 tified with some of the most important telegraph corporations, and 
 latterly has also interested himself in electric lighting. At the pres- 
 ent time he is President of the Sprague Electric Company, President 
 
526 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 of the Ek'Ltiic Buihliui;, Loiiu and Savings Association, Acting Presi- 
 dent of the Pacitic Postal Telegraph Coiiipauv, Vice-President and 
 General Manager of the New York Quotation Company, Trustee of the 
 Dime Savings Bank of Brooklyn, and a director of the Commercial 
 Cable Company, the Postal Telegraph (.'able Company, the Brooklyn 
 District Telephone Company, the American District Telephone Com- 
 pany of Philadelphia, the United States and llayti Telegraph and 
 Telephone Company, the Commercial ("able Building Company, the 
 Si^rague Electric Elevator Company, and the \'an Kanuel Revolving 
 Door Company. In 1858, at the age of eigiiteen, he became ^Manager 
 of the Western Union Telegraph office at Bellaire, Ohio, and sub- 
 sequently was employed in Pittsburg. In 1803 he became cipher 
 operator in the ^^ ar Department at ^^'ashington, and was also Gen- 
 eral Eckerfs Disbursing Clerk. Upon the consolidation of the tele- 
 graph companies in 3 866 he became Chief ('lerk in the SuiJerintend- 
 ent's office. Eastern Division, and had charge of the transatlantic 
 cable service. Becoming Assistant (general ilanager of the Atlantic 
 and Pacific Telegraph Company, in January, 1875, he was successively 
 Secretary, Trustee, Treasurer, Vice-President, and in 1879 President, 
 so remaining until its absorption into the Western Union in 1882. In 
 1881 he had been elected President of the Fuller Electrical ('ompany. 
 In December, 1884. John AV. Mackay enj])loyed him as counsel of the 
 Postal Telegraph and Cable Company, and in 1885 he was appointed 
 Receiver of the same. Upon its reorganization he was elected Presi- 
 dent and Manager. He also became President of the Commercial 
 Telegraph ("ompany, Vice-President of the ('ommercial Cable (Com- 
 pany. ^'ice-President of the Pacific Postal Telegraph Company, and 
 Manager of the United Lines Telegraph C'ompany. He was likewise 
 President of the Brooklyn District Telephone (.'ompany. Through 
 his exertions the Xew York Stock Exchange obtained control of the 
 Commercial Telegraph ("ompany. In 1887 he arranged unifoi-m rates 
 with the Western I'nion, terminating a sevei'e competition. 
 
 MATES. \\'ILIJA:\r H.. as the head of William H. Mairs & Com- 
 pany, whose establishment he founded in 1857. has long ranked as the 
 leading manufacturer of wall paper in the United States, and he is 
 now Treasurer of the National Wall Pajjer (''ompany. He was born 
 in Utica. X. Y., June 2tt, 1831, the son of John Mairs and Rachel, 
 daughter of James Van Deusen. of Leeds. N. Y. His grandfather 
 was a I'resbyterian clergyman. Rev. James Mairs. who came from the 
 nortli of Ireland to Saratoga County. New York, about 1790. He is 
 also seventh in descent from Jan Franse Van Hussam. who came 
 from Holland about 1015. and made lai-ge purchases of land in the 
 vicinity of Fort Orange, now Albany. His father, for a quarter of 
 a century a merchant in Utica, removed to Brooklyn in 1815. Mr. 
 Mairs attended the Brooklyn Mechanics" Institute. From 1850 to 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 527 
 
 1S5T lie was engaged witli Lis father and a brother in the fancy dry- 
 goods trade, bnt in the hitter year modestly began the manufacture 
 of w;\U |ia]ier on his own account. 
 
 riEKKEPUNT. HENJIY EN'ELYN. eldest son of the late disiin 
 guished citizen of Brooklyn of tin- same name, who died in ISSS, is a 
 trustee of the Brooklyn Savings Bank ami a director of the I'rank- 
 lin 'I'rust ('onipany and the Home Life Insurance Company. He is a 
 mcuibcr of the Hamilton Club, of Brooklyn, the Sons of the Eevolu- 
 tion. and the Society of Colonial ^Vars. He married, in l.'^no. Ellen 
 A., daughter of the late Abiel Abbot Low, and sister of Setli Low. 
 President of Columbia University, and has two daughteis. Mrs. Lea 
 [Mcllxainc Lu<iuer and ^Irs. TJ. Burnliam Moffat, and four sons. Henry 
 Evelyn. Jr.. Lobert Low, IJutherford Stuyvesaut, and Seth Low 
 Pierrepont. 
 
 MALLOif Y, CHA1:LES. N'icel'residcnt of the ^'ew York and Texas 
 Steamship Company, and a dii'ector of the Mallory Steamship Line, 
 was biuni in ilystic, Conn., January 
 IS, ISIJ:, and was educated in the 
 public schools of that place, and 
 of Xew Haven, Conn. T'pon leav- 
 ing school he became a clerk iu 
 his father's fimi of C. H. Mallory i^c 
 Com])any, and his career since has 
 been ideutitied with the growth 
 and development of the Mallory 
 steamship interests. He is a mem- 
 ber of the Union League and Bac- 
 quet chibs, of New York City, and 
 the Crescent and Hamilton clubs, 
 of Brooklyn, where he resides. He 
 was luarried, in October, 1S72. to 
 Maria Loiuse, daughter of Georgi' 
 Qninn, (d" Milan, Ohio. He is him- 
 self the son of Charles H. Malloiy. 
 founder of the Mallory Steamship 
 Line, and Eunice Clift. During the 
 
 Civil ^Var his father served in both houses (d" the Councciicut Legis- 
 lature. Mr. INIallory's great-grandl'ai licr was a Ki'x olutionary soldier. 
 
 MILLIKEX, SETH MELLEX. froui LSoG to 1S61 conducted a gcu- 
 eral store in Minot, Me.; from 1861 to 1865 was engaged in the whole- 
 sale grocery business in Portland. Me., with his brother-in-law, Daniel 
 W. True, and in 1865 became a member of the Portland firm of Deer- 
 ing, Milliken & Company, wliolcsalc drygoods jobb(^i-s. In IStiT they 
 
 CHARLKS MALLOKV. 
 
528 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 established a branch in New York City, and since 1878 Mr. Milliken 
 has been Eesident Manager of the business in this cit}'. He is Treas- 
 urer of the Har«ood Land and Improvement Company, a trustee of 
 the Mutual Fire Insurance Company, and a director of the Mercantile 
 National Bank and the Upper East Side Association. He is Presi- 
 dent of the Pondicheiiy Company, woolen manufacturers, of Br-idg- 
 ton. Me.; is President of the Cowan Woolen Manufacturing Company, 
 of Lewiston. Me.; is President of the Dallas Cotton Manufacturing 
 Company, of Huntsyille. Ala.; is chief owner of the Farnsworth Com- 
 pany, manufacturers of flannels, of Lisbon. Me., and is a director of the 
 Fore.st Mills Company, of Bridgton, Me., the Lockwood Company, 
 of Wateryille, Me., and both the Spartan Mills and the Lockhart 
 Mills, of South Carolina. In 1892 he was a Eepublican Presidential 
 Elector. He is a member of the Union League, Eiding, Driving, Mer- 
 chants", Wool. Suburban, and Eepublican clubs, the Algonquin Club 
 of Boston, and the Cumberland Club, of Portland Me. He married, in 
 1874, Margaret L., daughter of Dr. L. G. Hill, of Doyer, X. H., and 
 has a daughter and two sons — Setli Mellen, Jr., and Ferrish H. Milli- 
 ken. Born in Portland, Me.. January 7, 1836. he is himself the son of 
 Josiah Milliken, farmer, tanner, and lumber dealer, and descends from 
 Hugh Milliken, a Scotchman, who emigrated to Massachusetts in 
 Itl.jO. 
 
 CHESEBEOUGH, EOBEET A., President of the Chesebrough 
 Manufacturing Company, is the son of the late Henry A. Chesebrough, 
 a drygoods merchant of New York City, and grandson of Eobert 
 Chesebrough, founder of the Fulton Bank and its first president. He 
 is descended from William Chesebrough, who accompanied Governor 
 John Winthrop, to Boston, in 1630, was High Sherift' of Boston, and 
 became a founder of Stonington, Conn., which he represented in the 
 Hartford Generftl Court. Born in London, England, January 9, 1837, 
 Mr. Chesebrough was educated in Europe, trayelt^i extensively and 
 devoted some years to the study of chemistry. In 1858 he began the 
 manufacture of petroleum ami coal oil products in New York City, 
 and in 1870 discovered and patented the commercial product to which 
 he gave the name of vaseline. The wide range of use to which it has 
 been put has led to the establishment of branches of his manufactoiy 
 throughout Europe. He has been Second Vice-President of the Con- 
 solidated Exchange of this city, and a member of its Building Com- 
 mittee. He was one of the founders of the New York Eeal Estate 
 Exchange. As the Eepublican candidate for Congress from the 
 Twelfth District of New York City, he reduced the Democratic major- 
 ity, but failed of election. He was elected President of the Downtown 
 Eejiublican Club in 18II0. and is a member of the Union League, ^lau- 
 hattan, and Eiding clulis. He married, in 1861, Margaret McC'redy, 
 sister of Mrs. Fi-ederic E. Couder-t, and has a daughter and three sons 
 — Eobert M., William IL, and Frederick "S\'. Chesebrough. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 529 
 
 MUNN, OESON DESAIX, fouudei- and President of Munn & Com- 
 pany, patent solicitors, and publishers of the Scientific American, was 
 born in Monson. Mass., June 11, 1824, the son of Rice Munn and La- 
 viuia Shaw. After being graduated at the age of sixteen from Mon- 
 son Academy, for two years he was employed in a book store in 
 Springfield, Mass., and later clerked in his native town. Coming to 
 this city in 181G, in partnership with the late Alfred E. Beach, son of 
 Moses Y. Beach, then proijrietor of the New York Sim, he formed the 
 firm of ]Munn iK: Company, and acquired the plant of the Scientific 
 Anwricaii. which Rufus I'orter had established. This partnership 
 continued until the death of Mr. Beach, January 1, 1896. They soon 
 established an agency for procuring patents for inventors, and ex- 
 tended this service to include all foreign countries having patent 
 laws. They have obtained for customers more than 100,000 patents. 
 They also import scientific and engineering books. A Spanish edi- 
 tion of the Scientific American is published. In 187G they began the 
 ]iublication of the Scientific American Svpplcment. They also publish 
 a monthly for architects and builders. Mr. Munn has a summer 
 home, Llewellyn Park, Orange ^Mountain, N. J., and near by an es- 
 tate stocked with Dutch belted cattle. He was married in 1849 to 
 Julia Augusta Allen, of his native place. She died October 20, 1894. 
 Mr. M nun's two sons are associated with iiim in business. 
 
 i;( SSlTElf, CLINTON L., is President of the Brooklyn Rapid 
 Transit Cimipany, President of the Brooklyn Heights Railroad, Presi- 
 dent of the Brooklyn, Queens County and Suburban Railroad, Presi- 
 d; ut of the Sea Beach Railway Company, and is a director of the 
 Ciiizens" Electric Light Company. He was born in Brooklyn, Feb- 
 iiiaiy 13, 1800, was educated at the Polytechnic Institute of that bor- 
 ough, and in 1875 began his l>usiness career in connection with the 
 California Fast Freight Line Clipper Ships. In the following year 
 he became identified with the New York Central and Hudson River 
 Railroad. In 1890 he became Superintendent of the Harlem Division, 
 while from 1891 to 1895 he was Assistant Superintendent of the Buffa- 
 lo and Syracuse Division. In June, 1895, he was elected to the I'resi- 
 dency of the roads owned and controlled by the Brooklyn Rapid 
 Transit Company. He is a member of the Hamilton, Montauk, and 
 Marine and Field clubs of Brooklyn. He is the son of Lucius T. Ros- 
 siter and Mary, daughter of Van Wyck Wickes. His maternal grand- 
 father, Major Thomas Wickes, was an olTicer in the Continental Army 
 during the Revolution. He lineally descends from Edward Rossiter, 
 born in London in 1601, who settled at Dorchester, Mass., in lOHO, and 
 six years later became one of the founders of Windsor, Conn. 
 
 ROBERTSON, JOSEPH L., following his service in the Confederate 
 Armv during the Civil War, became identified with the development 
 
530 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 of Soutlierii railroad interests. His tirst eduiiectioii was with the 
 Seliiia, Kome and Dalton Eailroad. Later he was associated in the 
 management of the A'iriiinia and Tennessee Air Line i-ailroads. In 
 1877 h(- established liiuiself in New Yorlc City as a brolcer and dealer 
 in secnrities and in\<'stnients. lie intinimoed the investment of null- 
 ions of dollars in the iron and eoal resonrees of Alabama and Tennes- 
 j^ee. .Vs tinaneial ai:(nit he jiroenred the means for the constrnction 
 and eqmpmeut of the Chattauooga Southern Eailway, and was Presi- 
 dent of the construction com]>any l>y which the road was bnilt. He is 
 i!ow President of the (ioid ("reek Nevada Alining Company. He is a 
 member of the New Yorl; ( "Inb and the Southern Society of New York. 
 
 and maintains a well-known stock 
 farm, " .Meadowland," in Mon- 
 mouth County, New Jersey, which 
 is (levot(^d to the breedin.ij, of thor- 
 ouiihbred horses. He nuiri-ied, in 
 ISti!), Mary Webb, dau-hter of 
 William H. Pollard, of .Al(nit-(.m- 
 ery, Ala., and niece of Charles T. 
 I'ollard, and has two dauohters, 
 and two sons — ^^'illiam T'idlard 
 •I nd Benjamin J. Kobertscui. ^laj(U- 
 Kobertson was himself born on the 
 old TJobertson family estate in 
 ^loutiionu^ry County, Kentucky, 
 October 4, 1838. His paternal an- 
 ;\ cestors were early settlers of Ken- 
 ,i tuckv and Tennessee, while his 
 nuithei-, Emily Kichardson, was a 
 i^ianddauiihter of the Manpiis de 
 ( 'almis, a scion of the old Huguenot 
 uobility of l^i-ance, who became one of the ]ii oncers of Kentucky. Pur- 
 suing his course at the .Military Academy at West Point when the 
 Civil War began, Major Kobertson resigned and enlisted in the Fourth 
 Kentucky A'olnnte(M-s, bring commissioned First Lieutenant of Com- 
 liany H. He became Adjutant (d' the reginu^nt, and subseciuently As- 
 sistant Adjutant-* ieneral of the brigade, commanded bv C.eneral John 
 C. Breckenridge. In 1S(;:! he served on the staff of (Jeiicral llawes, of 
 Kentucky, in the Trans-^Mississij)])! Departnuuit. Later, hi' was on the 
 staff of General Waul, of Texas. He was finally transferred to the 
 staff of General Magruder, with whom he served until the close of the 
 war. 
 
 JOSEPH L. KOUERTSUN. 
 
 DUN, KOBEKT (HL\HA?il, head of the AVell-known mercantile 
 agency of R. G. Dun & Com|iany. was born in Chillicothe, Ohio, Au- 
 gust 7. 182r), and is of Scotch descent. His grandfather. Rev. James 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY 531 
 
 Dun, for twenty years was^ minister t>l' tlie I'ree Cliuroli of ►Scotland at 
 Glasgow. His father, Kobert Dun, emigrated to Virginia in 1815, and 
 married Lucy Wortinim An_uus, also of Scotch descent. Eaily in life 
 Mr. Dun rose to partnershi]> in a Chillicothe business house, and in 
 1850 came to this city and entered the eniph)y of the mercantile agency 
 of Tappan iS; Doni^lass. Upon the retirement of Mr. Tappan he became 
 a partner under the style of B. Douijlass cS; Company. In 185'J he 
 ac(]ui!'ed the DoULjlass interest, and reoriianized tlie tirm as U. G. 
 Dun & Comi)any. Under this firm name about one hundred and fifty 
 branches are maintained in tlie ]trinri])al cities of this country and 
 Europe. 
 
 IKXiAN. TDIOTIIY, founder and head of the firm of T. lloiian ^: 
 Sons, prominently identihed with the shippini; and steamship inter- 
 ests of the Port of New Y(U-k, is President of the North American 
 Transiiortation ("omi»any, and a director of the Miami Steamshiji ('om- 
 jiany. the Produce lL\cliani;e '^Prust <'oni])any. the Colonial Bank, the 
 Brooklyn Bank, the Lon^ Island Safe Deposit ('omi)any, and the 
 ^fanhanset Imju-ovement Company. He was born in Livei-pool, Kng- 
 iand. Pebruary IT, 18:!5, the s()n of ^Michael lloiian, who was in the 
 warehouse business In that city. In 1S48. at tiic age of thirteen, he 
 shi](ped as a seaman, and so I'ontiiiucd until 1854. when he became 
 foreman foi- (iale iK; P'rown. a leading tirm of ste\'e(h)res of New (^r- 
 bans. In 1S5S lie su<-ceede(l the seiiiiu' pai'tn(r undei- the style of 
 Ibown iS; Hogan. and so continued until the ("i\il War bi-oiight the 
 business to an end. Coming to New ^'ork in ISdii lie organized the 
 tirm of Pindei- ^: llogan. stevedores, which was dissolved in 18()!l. 
 He continued alone until the ]iresent Hrm was fornu'd, his sons, 
 Charles \V. and .Tetferson Hog:iu. then beccuning his partners. Sub- 
 se(|uently bis younger son, Arlliur P.. entei-ed the firm. He was one 
 of the first in this country to realize the utility of the iron freight 
 steamers with compound engiiu's. known as " tramps." and was one 
 of the founders of the " Monarch Pini' " Ironi Pomlou, in ISSI). He is 
 a member of tlie New York I'roduce J^.xchange, and the Mari- 
 time Exchange. He was long a \'es1rynuin of St. Peter's Protestant 
 Episcopal Church. Brooklyn. I'or some years he has been a I'esident 
 of New York Uity. He was married, in 1857. to Mavy Nichols iNIill- 
 ward, of Liverpool. She was active in connection with the benevo- 
 lent institutions of Broiddyn. ;nid upon her death, in August. 1882, 
 h'ft be(|uests to nearly all of them. 
 
 IIOCAN, CHAKLES \\'.. member of the firm of T. Hogan ^; Sons, 
 and the oldest son of its fonmiei' and head, is President of the .Miami 
 Steamship Company. Treasurer of the Terminal Warehouse Com- 
 jiany, and Secretary of the Occident Dock Company, being a director 
 (d' all three. He is a member «( I hi' Produce Exchange and the 
 
532 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 .Miiiitimt' Exchange, of the Marine and Field, Atlantic Yacht, and 
 Larcliinont Yacht clubs, and resides at Plainfield, N. J. 
 
 HOGAN, JEFFERSON, member of the firm of T. Hogan & Sons, 
 is the second son of Timothy Hogan. He is President of the Charles- 
 ton Transport Line, and a director of the IMiami Steamship Company, 
 the Occident Dock Company, and the South Carolina and Georgia 
 Railroad Company. He resides in New York City, and is a member 
 of the Produce Exchange, the Maritime Exchange, and the New 
 York Yacht, Atlantic Yacht, and Marine and Field clubs. 
 
 HALSEY. STEPHEN ALLING, was born on Chambers Street, 
 New York City, Ajiril 7, 1798, the son of Jacob Halsey and Jemima 
 Cook, his father being a carpenter, master builder, and dealer in 
 lumber. He died 3Iay 5, 1875, at his home on Main Street, Astoria, 
 L. I. Under the firm style of John C. Halsey & Company, he was 
 long engaged in the fur business in New York City with his brother 
 John Cook Halsey, the latter having learned the business in the 
 employ of the first John Jacob Astor. Stephen Ailing Halsey may 
 be said to be the father of Astoria. In 1834 he had purchased a sum- 
 mer i-esideuce at Flushing, L. I., but a daily steamboat making a 
 landing at Hallett's Cove, he became enamored of the latter spot, 
 and in 1835 removed there, having purchased the Perrot and Black- 
 well farms. coni])rising nearly all the land between Pot Cove and 
 Hallett's Cove. He laid out and opened streets, built wharves, and 
 erected dwelling-houses and buildings for factories, shops and stores, 
 at the same time inducing manufacturers, tradesmen, and mechanics 
 to establish themselves there. His brother co-operated until his 
 death, in 1837. Through the efforts of Stephen Ailing Halsey, in 
 1830. tlie Legislature incorjxirated the settlement as a village, under 
 the name of Astoria, adopted in honor of John Jacob Astor. In 1810 
 .Air. Halsey purchased Home's Hook Ferry to Eighty-sixth Street, 
 New York, improved the service greatly, and retained control for 
 nearly thirty years. About this time he erected and occupied the 
 large stone mansion now occupied by the Long Island City High 
 Scliool. He induced William Lewis to operate a line of omnibuses 
 from Astoria to City Hall, New York City, by way of Eighty-sixth 
 Street, Third Avenue, Bowery, and Chatham Street, giving the om- 
 nibuses free passage across the ferry, and building the stable for the 
 line. The trip one way was sometimes made within the hour. He 
 was instrumental in opening Fulton Street — then called Perrot 
 Avenue — from the Boulevard to Main Street (making a direct route 
 to the ferry), and Avas also the leading factor in constructing the 
 Flushing turnpike, and the Astoria, Ravenswood and Williamsburgh 
 turni)ike, with their bridges, both of which roads he managed for 
 many years. He was a trustee of the village of Astoria almost con- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPPIY. 
 
 533 
 
 tiiinoiisly from its incorporation nntil tlie chai'teiing of Lonti Island 
 City, nf wliicli it became a part. The first I'ire Dcpartnnmt was cre- 
 ated principally through his agency in 1842. hy the organization of 
 Astoria Fire Engine Company, Xo. 1. He boiiglit tlie (^ngine. and 
 erected the euginc-lionse. He was a liberal contriljntor in the erec- 
 tion of the Keformed Dutch Church in 1S3G, the Tresbyterian Church 
 in IStlG, and the Roman Catholic Churdi on Newtown Avenue. About 
 1849 he bought several farms in association with Byam K. Stevens, 
 Henry L. Riker, and William B. Bolles, leading to the opening of 
 Broadway with Crescent, Emerald, Academy, and Grand streets, and 
 I'irst, Second, and Jamaica avenues. He donated for the erection of 
 a public school building the lots on Academy Street, which have 
 been used for many years for the Fouitli ^^'ard School. He organized 
 the Astoria Gas Company in IS.jo, 
 and built the works which for 
 nearly a quarter of a century suji- 
 plicd" the village. The title of 
 " Father of Astoria," was univer- 
 sally accorded to him by his IVllow- 
 to\\nsnien. Mr. llalscy lineally de 
 scended from Thomas Halscn', who 
 emigrated to ^lassachusetts in KioT 
 from Great (iaddesden, Hertftu-d- 
 sliire, England, where his ances- 
 toi'S had been laiid-owiiers since 
 1520, a portion of the ancient estate 
 being still heJd by Tlioinas Freder- 
 ick PTalsey, Member of rarliament 
 from Hertford County. Ha\iug re- 
 sided at Lynn, Mass., from 1G37 to 
 l(i4(), in the latter year Thomas 
 Halsey removed to Southampton, 
 L. I., of which he was one of the 
 
 founders. Here his son, also Thomas Halsey. was a man of large 
 means and inlluence. Kecompense Halsey, great-grandson of the 
 original emigrant, in 1730 removed from Southampton to Scotch 
 Plains, Union County, N. J., and eventually to Hanover, Morris 
 County, N. J., where he died in 1771. leaving a large estate. His son, 
 Elihu Halsey, Avas the father of Jacob Halsey, who remove<l to New 
 York City and engaged in the hunber business. His wife was the 
 (laughter of John Cook, of Hanover. Morris County, N. J. Stephen 
 Ailing Halsey was their second son and fourth child. The latter 
 married, in 1831. lOlizabeth Frances, daughter of Jean Baptiste 
 Reboul, who had removed to New York City in 1798 from the Island 
 of Martinique, where he had resided since 1777, having been born, in 
 1758, in the i)arish of Chateaurou.x. Dauphine, France. The issue 
 
 STEPHEN ALLIXG H.\LSEV. 
 
534 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 of this marringe was fniir sons — loliii J. llalsey, born in New York 
 City, and George A., Stephen l\.. and William 1\.. born in Astoria. 
 The last-meutioned die(l in infancy. Mrs. Halsey died in 1851. Two 
 years later Mr. Halsey married Elizabeth H. (ioble. of Newark, X. J., 
 by whom he had two sons and two danghters. The younger son by 
 this marriage. Dr. I'rank S. llalsey. is a physician of New York City. 
 
 SEA.MAXS, CLAKEXCE WALKEK, one of the members of the 
 firm of Wyckoff. Seamans & Benedict, jiroprietors of tlie Kemiugtou 
 Typewriter, and now a director of the corjtoration of that name, is 
 also President of the I'nion Ty])ewriter Company, is a trustee of the 
 AVashington Tiust Couip.my, and is a director of the Bedford Bank 
 and of the Schermerhorn I'.ank. lie is a trustee of tlie Brooklyn Insti- 
 tute of Arts and Sciences, a, trustee of Syracuse University, a trustee 
 of Adelphi College, and a tiustee of the Society for the Prevention 
 of Cruelty to Children, and is a mend)er of the Union l>eague. Crescent, 
 Hiding and Driving, and Pailcway Driving clubs of Brooklyn, where 
 lie has long resided, lie was born at llion, N. Y., .luni' ."), 1S.")4. and 
 was educated in the ptddic schools nf that place. 
 
 DITSOX, CHAPiLES HEALY, who, for more than thirty yeai-s, has 
 been at the head of Charles H. Dit.son ,S; Company, music publishers, 
 the New York branch of the system of confederated houses, is the 
 eldest son of the late Oliver Ditson, founder of the business, and 
 long head of the parent house in Boston. Mr. Ditson is now a trustee 
 of his father's estate, is Secretary and Treasurer of Charles II. Ditson 
 & Company, of New Y'ork; Treasurer of the Oliver Ditson Company, 
 of Boston, and Treasurer of the Oliver Ditson Society for the Belief 
 of Needy ^Musicians. I'or twelve years he was Secretary and Treas- 
 urer of the Music Publishers' Association of the United States. He is 
 a member of the Players" and ^lanuscriitt clubs, and the New England 
 Society, of this city, and the Algomiuin Club, of Boston, lie was 
 born in Boston, August 11, 1845, and tlnn-e educated. He married, 
 in 189n, Alice Maud, daughter of John Ta])pin and Jane Lindsley, and 
 granddaughter of liev. Henry Tappin. Mr. Ditson is descended from 
 Governor William Bradford, of Plymouth, through his mother, 
 Catherine, daughter of Benjamin Delano, of Kingston, Mass. His 
 paternal grandfather, of Scotch descent, was a shipowner in Boston, 
 where his father was born in 1811. The latter entered the bookstore 
 of Colonel Samuel H. Parker, of ]>oston, became his partner under 
 the style of Parker .S: Ditson, and purchased the entire business in 
 1840. He then took up the jjublication of music exclusively, absorb- 
 ing several houses in this line. In ISCu the New York house was 
 established with the i)resent Mr. Ditson at its head. In 1875 was 
 established the Philadeliihia house of J. E. Ditson & Company, at its 
 head being another sou, Janii's l^dward Ditson, who died in 1881. A 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 535 
 
 notabli' branch honso Ava8 also ()r<;anized at Cliicajj^o imdei- the style 
 of Lyou & llealy, while the ririii of John ('. llayues & Company, of 
 Boston, is also a branch. Oliver Ditson educated many musicians, 
 was the patron of orchestras and musical societies, and, by his siib- 
 scrii)tiou of |25.U00, saved the hrst l*eace Jubilee in B(jston from 
 failure. He was President of the Continental National Bank of 
 Boston for twenty-one years, and was a trustee of the Boston Safe 
 Deposit Company, and the Franklin Savings Bank. A third son, 
 Frank Oliver Ditson, havinji- died in 188.J, Charles H. Ditson is the 
 only survivinii' son. He has one sister, widow of Colonel Burr Porter. 
 
 DICKINSON, HORACE EDWAKD, dry<j;oods importing merchant 
 of New York City, was born here in 1S5S. He is a member of the 
 New York Athletic and Knickerbocker Hiding clubs and the Sons of 
 the Revolution. He married, in 1887, Nellie K., daughter of Alexis 
 Poulet and Rebecca Acton, and through her mother descended from 
 Captain Richard Acton, of tlie British navy, who served under Ad- 
 miral Blake against the Dutch fioni \i\~>{) lo KWid, and, acconipanying 
 Governor Charles Calvert to Maryland about Kitl.j, settled in Anne 
 Arundel County. He was the third son of Sir Edward Acton, Baro- 
 net, of Aldenham Hall, County Salop. .Mr. Dickinson is grandson of 
 Horace Dickinson, who removed from Hatfield, Mass., to Montreal, 
 Can., where he became a prominent merchant and established a steam- 
 ship and coach service between ^lontreal and Kingston. His mother's 
 father, Abijah Bigelow, was a Revolutionary soldier. He is also great- 
 grandson of Brigadier-General Lemuel Dickinson of the Revolution 
 and Shays's Rebellion, and is seventh in descent from Nathaniel 
 Dickinson, who came with \Vinthrop in 1030, and was prominent at 
 Watei-town and Wetherstield, Conn. Mr. Dickinson is twenty-tirst in 
 descent from Johanne Dykonson of Kingston-upon-Hull in the time 
 of Henry FII. Througli the wife of one in this line he descends from 
 Edward III. of England. 
 
 GOOD, JOHN (created Count of the Holy Roman Empire by Pope 
 Leo XIII. in 1887). is distinguished as an inventor who has revolu- 
 tionized the art of rope making, and as the largest cordage manufac- 
 turer in the world. He was born in Ireland in 1811. and brought to 
 this country by his widowed mother at the age of seven. At twelve 
 years of age he began to leani rope making, and later was apjiren- 
 ticed to a machinist. He became foreman of a rope-making estab- 
 lishment, ami during the period of the Civil Wav he invented various 
 machines applicable to rope making. One was for hand combing and 
 lapiiing hem]), another for straightening fibers, a third for drawing 
 hemp into slivers, and a fourth for spinning fine cords. These in- 
 ventions, which have completely transformed the chararter of cord- 
 age-manufacttire. were jtatented in the T'nited States, the eleven 
 
536 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 chief European nations, and Canada, Australia, and Cuba. He also 
 invented a machine for making the binding twine which has dis- 
 placed the wire originally used with harvesters. He introduced the 
 manufacture of twine from sisal hemp, the century plant of Cuba and 
 Yucatan. He has long operated large machine shops in Brooklyn, 
 and in 1885 began the manufacture of cordage, establishing a large 
 plant at Eavenswood, L. I. Later he established cordage mills at 
 Millwall, and Great Grimesby, England; on the Tiber, Italy, and in 
 France and Germany. He has been independent of the National Cor- 
 dagemakers' Association, or " Cordage Trust," since April, 1892. He 
 is President of the John Good Cordage and Machine Company, a di- 
 rector of the Kings County Trust Company, and a trustee of the 
 Emigrant Industrial Savings Bank, and the Brooklyn Institute of 
 Arts and Sciences. 
 
 HUSON, EGBERT, born in Stratton, Norfolk, England, July 19. 
 1813, the son of Eobert lluson and Elizabeth Crampton, received a 
 common school education, and between the ages of fourteen and 
 twenty-one served an apprenticeship as a mason-builder. He then 
 came to America, between 1831 and 1817 worked as a journeyman in 
 New York City, and since the latter date has been engaged in busi- 
 ness on his own account. He erected the Park Theater, and other 
 structures, but has especially devoted himself to masonry work in sui> 
 port of furnaces, boilers, and heavy machinery of various kinds. He 
 is considered an expert in this department. He is a Eepublican, and 
 a member of the Masons" and Builders' Association. He married 
 Sarah, daughter of Alexander Gaston, of an old Pennsylvania family, 
 and has two daughters and a son — Hiram A. Huson, in business with 
 his father. 
 
 SCHAEFER. ED\YAED CHAELES, engaged in commercial busi- 
 ness in New York in 1868, the following year becoming connected 
 wltli the Germania Bank. In 1873 he became connected with the 
 1-'. & M. Schaefer Brewing Company, and, since 1878, has been Presi- 
 dent of that coii>oration. Since 1892 he has also been President of 
 the Germania Bank. He is likewise President of the Brooklyn Fifth 
 Avenue Improvement Association, and is a director of the New York 
 Hygeia Ice Company, of John Chatillon & Sons, and of the Schaefer 
 Company. He is a member of tlie Manhattan and Democratic clubs, 
 the Liederkranz, the Arion Society, the German Society, the German 
 Hospital, the Isabella Home, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and 
 the American ^[useuni of Natural History. The son of Frederick 
 Schaefer and Theresa E. Hammer, he was born in New York City, De- 
 cember 16, 1850, and was educated in private schools, the public 
 schools, and a liusiness college. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 537 
 
 HUDSON. (TTARLES I., for some years connected with S. M. 
 Mills & Company, of this city, formerly u prominent brokerage firm, 
 in 1S74 became a member of the New York Stock Exchange, and es- 
 tablished a bnsiness of his own. In 1S7(> he established the firm of 
 C. I. llndson ..^c Company, and has continued at the head of a tirm 
 under this style to the present time, but has iuid several partners. 
 He w'as elected one of the Governors of the Stock Exchange for the 
 term of four years iu 1S91, and in 181)(i was re-elected. Oue of the or- 
 ganizers of the Fourteenth Street Bank iu 1888, for several years he 
 was a member of its directorate. lie is a member of the Colonial. 
 Manhattan, Killing, Democratic, 
 New York Athletic, Larchmont 
 Yacht, and AuK^rican Jersey Cattle 
 clubs, the St. Lawrence liiver As- 
 sociation, and the Thousand Island 
 Club, having been one of the or- 
 ganizers of tlie last mentioned, and 
 now being one of its directors. He 
 has a country place, " The Ledges," 
 on one of the Tliousaud Islands. 
 He married, in ISTt!. Sarah E. 
 Kierstede, a descendant of Anneke 
 Jans, and has four sons — I'ercy 
 Kierstede, Ilendrick, Ilaus Kier- 
 stede, and Charles Alan Hudson. 
 Mr. Hudson was born iu New York 
 City, August 20, 1S52, the son of 
 Isaac N. Hudson and Cornelia 
 A. Bogert, daugliter of John 
 Edw^ard Haight, a well-known 
 
 New Y'ork merchant. His father was born in Hngland, being the sou 
 of a clergyman of Bradford, England, aiul. coming to this country in 
 1830, became prominent as a journalist. 
 
 DUNLAP, KOBEKT, pre-eminent in the manufacture and sale of 
 gentlemen's hats in the United States, is also largely interested in 
 other directions. He is President of Abbey, Schoeffel and Grau, Lim- 
 ited, and a director of the Bank of the State of New York, the Gar- 
 field National Bank, the Excelsior Savings Bank, and the Ball Electric 
 Light Company. He was one of the founders of the illustrated weekly, 
 Truth, in ISOO, and, subsequently acquiring the property, achieved 
 success in its publication. In 1891 he established the Dunlap Cable 
 News Company, and later consolidated it with a European service 
 under its present style as Dalziel's News Agency. Born in New York 
 City of Scotch-Irisli parentage, October 17, 1834, he was educated in 
 the public schools, apprenticed to learn hat-making, served his time. 
 
 e.:,E ..■^■ 
 
 m 
 
 CH.\RLES I. nunsoN. 
 
538 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 iuid tlieii t'litcriMl Iiis ciuiiloyer's store as salesman, and in 1857 en- 
 jianctl In file business en liis own account. With several stores in this 
 city, branches in l'lii]a(lel]>liia and <'hicat;(i, af^encies in other cities, 
 and a lariie factory in Brooklyn, he is at the head of the laruest busi- 
 ness of the kind in the world, while his nuike is the nu(]uestioned 
 standard in the T'nited States. 
 
 CHEW, BEVEKLY, Secretary of the Metropolitan Trust Com- 
 pany, foi- four years President of the (Jrolier Club, and the owner of 
 one of the notable private libraries, rich iu American post-Revolu- 
 tionary first editions and early Ennlish drama and poetry, was born 
 in (ieneva, X. Y., March 5, 1S.")0, attended the Peekskill Military Acad- 
 emy, and in 18G9 Avas i;Taduated fi-oui Hobart College. He is a mem- 
 ber of the Century Association, the Grolier, Players', Church, and 
 Sijiuia Plii clubs, and the Dunla]* Society. He married, in 1872, 
 Clai-issa Taintor, daughter of the Kev. Job Pierson, of Ionia, ^iicli. 
 She (lied in 188!t. lie is tlie son of Alexander La Fayette Chew and 
 Sarah Augustus, daughter of Pliinehas Prouty, of Geneva, N. Y., both 
 his father and maternal grandfather being bankers. He is seventli in 
 descent from John Chew, a cadet of the family of Chew of Chewton, 
 Somerset, England, who came to A'irginia in 1G20, ami was a member 
 of the assembly and house of burgesses. Mr. Chew's grandfather, 
 Beverly Chew, removed to New Orleans from Virginia and was Col- 
 lector of the Port, Kussian Mce-Consnl and President of the branch 
 United States Bank at that place. He maiTied Maria Theodora, 
 daughter of Coloiud William Dner of New York and granddaughter 
 of Major-General Alexander of the lievolution, titular Lord Sterling. 
 
 COKKi>lX, KOLANI) KAY. in 1897 elected Vice-President of the 
 North American Trust Comjiany of New York an<l London, is also a 
 director of the Lincoln Fire Insurance Company, the United States 
 Land Company, the Augusta Kail way and Electric Company, and the 
 Nortlu^ast Electric Railway. He was graduated from the University 
 of Illinois iu 1880. and immediately afterward went to Wintield. Kan., 
 and with Samuel M. Jarvis organized the firm of Jarvis, Conldin N: 
 Comi»any. mortgage-loan bankei-s. In 188('i it was incorporated as the 
 Jarvis-Conklin Mortgage Trust Company. In 1881 he removed to 
 Kansas City, and more recently to Ncav Y'ork City. He is President 
 of the :Men'sClub, a nu-mber of the C(donial. ^Manliattan. and Lawyers' 
 clubsof this city; tlie Maryland Club, of Paltinioi-e; the Chicago Club, 
 of that city, and of the (liurcli of the Messiah, New York. He \\as 
 born in Urbana, 111.. February 1, 18r)8, the son of Jose])]i Okell Conklin 
 and Julia Louisa, daugliter of John Hunt. His niotliev was born in 
 Xoiwicli, England, and conld trace her descent from John iJogcrs. the 
 mait vr. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK r.iOGRAPHY. 539 
 
 STOUT, CIlAiJLES IIEK:\IAN, was honi in New York City. I'dnu- 
 ary 13, 18(14, the son of Cliarlcs Stont and llanora. Frances Men-ell. 
 I lis father was a well-known drviioods merchant of New York, a mem- 
 ber of the tirni of Knisely, SlonI cS; Kello^i;-. Charles Herman Stout 
 was (Mhicated in pnblic and i»ri\ ale schools in New York City, entered 
 a commission office as clerk, became a clerk in the service of the Na- 
 tional Bank of the Repnblic of this city, and rose thron^h various 
 iii-ades to that of Assistant Cashier, to which he was appointed 
 -Tannary 1(1, 1888. Since Jnne 80, 1893, he has been Cashier. He is 
 Treasurer of tln^ Colonial Order, New "^'ork Chapter; is a member of 
 the St. Nicholas and Chnrcli clubs, and is an active member of St. 
 Thomas's Church. His ancestors on the ])aternal side were anu)nj;' 
 (he early settlers of New Jersey. He is of French Hui;uenot descent 
 t liroumh his mother, her ancestors having settled in AVestchestc^r Coun- 
 ty, New York, about 1750. 
 
 :M0KI{IS, HEKMON, became Secretary of the Kiui^s County Trust 
 Com]»any, 1 >eceuiber 29, 1890. i)rior to winch time, for about nineteen 
 years he was with the Nassau National l!aid<, of Brooklyn, during;- 
 the iireater portion of this i)eriod occupyinj; the position of general 
 bookkeeper, discount and collection clerk. He was born on Xiuili 
 Street, New York City, November 11. 1844, and was iiraduatecl from 
 Ward School No. 44, and admitted to the Free Academy, now the Col- 
 lege of the City of New York. His father was born in Newark. N. J., 
 and his mother in New York City. His is the branch of the Morris 
 family which received the original grant of the site of the present 
 city of Newark, N. J. 
 
 HUEST, WIFLIA.M H., President of the Stock (,)uotation Tele- 
 graph Company, was born in this city, April 24, 1853, the son of 
 George Hurst and Ann :McSor]ey. His father was a dealer in blue- 
 stone, founder of the firm of Hurst iK: Treanor, of New York. He 
 descended from a family of farmers of County I'Yn'mauagh, Ireland, 
 as did his wife from farmers of County Tyrone, ^fr. Hurst was 
 graduated from the New ^'ork i)ublic schools in 1872. attended St. 
 John's College, Fordham, and was connected with his father's firm. 
 Hurst iK: Treanor, from that time until his retirenn-nt from business 
 in 1S90. After two years spent in travel he was in 1892 elected Pres- 
 ident of the Stock Quotation Telegraph Company, engaged in col- 
 lecting and distributing news throughout the United States. He is a 
 member of the Board of .Managers and Executive Committee of the 
 New York Catholic Protectory, and a member of the Democratic, New 
 York Athletic, and Catholic (dubs. He married, first, in 187(1 Norah 
 M. Hallahan. who died in 188(;, and second, in 1888, Minnie E. Mur- 
 phy, and has living a son and a daughter by the first wife, and four 
 sons and two daughters bv tlie second. 
 
540 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 RICKEUPOX, (;nATn>Ef< L., sim-e 1S72 a. member of the firm of 
 Williams & Ivickersou, tlie largest dealers iu liav iu New York City, 
 is also in control of the railway system of the Catskill Mountains. He 
 is President of the Otis Elevating Railway Company, President of 
 the Catskill and Taunersville liailioad, ^'ic•e-President of the Catskill 
 and New York Steamboat Company, and a director of the Catskill 
 Mountain llailway Company, the Cairo IJailroad, the Arizona Cattle 
 Company, and the Santa Cruz Park Association. He is a member of 
 the Chamber of Commerce, the Produce Exchange, the Mercantile 
 Exchange, the ^Faritiuie Exchange, and the Montauk, Carleton, and 
 Kiding and Driving clubs of Brooklyn. He was born in Cairo, N. Y., 
 August 15, 184:3, and was educated in the public schools. His ances- 
 tors came from Holland on his father's side and from Scotland on the 
 maternal side, and have been many generations in the United States. 
 
 COLTON, EREDERiCK C., Secretary of the Brooklyn Ti-ust Com- 
 l>any, has been connected with that institution for thirteen years, 
 during ten of which he was Assistant Secretary. He was born in 
 Amhei-st, ;\Iass., September 5, 1811, and is the son of Aaron M. and 
 L. Elizabeth Colton. He engaged in business iu Northampton, Mass., 
 just prior to the Civil War, but abandoned it to volunteer in defense 
 of the Union. He jiarticipated in the siege of Vicksburg and other 
 actions, including the capture of Port Hudson. Having been mus- 
 tered out, he accepted a position in the New York office of a manu- 
 facturing (•oni])any of ^lassadnisetts. Subsequently for some years 
 he was a stockbroker and a nu-mlicr of the New York Stock Exchange. 
 
 WHITE, JOSEPH BAKER*, was appointed Firj^t Secretary of the 
 Kings County Trust Comi)any, n])on its organization in 1889, and re- 
 signed to organize the Hamilton Trnsr Company, of which he has 
 been Secretary since 18!)1. and of which he is a trustee. A member 
 of Coni]>any A. Twenty-third Kegiment, from 1878 to 1881, during four 
 years of this time he was its President. He is a member of the 
 Crescent Athletic Club, of I>rooklyn. He was bm-n at Long Branch. 
 N. J., June l.">, 18."">1. attended the famous New England Home Schcxjl 
 at Wasldngton, Conn., Mansfield Academy, of Brooklyn, and in 187;") 
 was gradtiated from Yale. He is the sou of the late R. Cornell 
 ^^'hite. well-known steamship builder, and Hannah 1)., daughter of 
 Dobel Baker and Mary Corlies, is the grandson of Robert White. Jr.. 
 and Hannah Cibbs. and is great-grandson of Calvin White. He is a 
 cousin of Richard Crant White, the Shakespearian scholar and critic, 
 and of the latter's son, Stanford White, the eminent architect, while 
 his uncle, Chandler White, was one of the originators of the Atlantic 
 cable. In tlie present residence of Mr. White, overlooking Lower New 
 Voilv Bay. on the Shore Road, between Bay Ridge and Fort Hainil 
 ton, meeting's of the Atlantic cable iirojectors were held. At seven- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 541 
 
 teen years of age Mr. White took charge of oue branch of his father's 
 business, and for fifteen years was engaged in the transportation busi- 
 ness about New Yorlv. He became (leneral Manager of tlie " White 
 Line " of steamers, two vessels of wliicli — the Grand Kepublic and 
 Columbia (built by his father) — were the largest excursion steamers 
 in existence. Subsequently he was associated with the Starin Trans- 
 portation Company. Still later he organized and managed the bank- 
 ing office of Edward F. Linton, in Brooklyn. 
 
 VAN WOEMER, JOHN It., is Secretary and General Manager of 
 the Lincoln Safe Deposit and Warehouse Company, was one of the 
 organizers and is an officer of the Brooklyn Warehouse and Stoi'age 
 Company, and is a director of the 
 Schermcrhorn Bank of Brooklyn. 
 He was Secretai"y of the Union 
 T>eague Club of New York City in 
 1S92 and 1893, and is now a mem- 
 ber of its Executive Committee. 
 He is a member of the Building and 
 Finance Committee of the New 
 York Athletic Club. He is also a 
 member of the Citv and Republican | 
 
 clubs, the New England Society. •» , , 
 
 the Holland Society, and the Sons ^^'s^^^i^ 
 
 of the American Eevolution. He ■-^'^■ 
 
 was born in Adams, Jefferson 
 County, N. Y., March 14, 1819, 
 his ancestors having conic from 
 Holland in IGGO. Having received 
 an academic ediication, he bccaiuc 
 a telegraph operator, and suUse- 
 (piently engaged in newspaper 
 
 work, in 1872 he went on the stump JO"-'^ k- ^ax wormkr. 
 
 for General Grant, afterward be- 
 ing employed by the Western Union Telcgii^)]! (/ompany in Albany. 
 In 1876 and 1877 he was Private Secretary to George B. Sloan, Speak- 
 er of the New York Assembly. He then became Private Secretary 
 to Senator Koscoe Conkling, and was appointed Clerk of the Com- 
 mittee on Commerce of the United States Senate. He next sustained 
 official and confidential relations to Thomas L. James, then Post- 
 master of New York City, and became his Private Secretary when 
 Mr. James entered the Cabinet of President Garfield as Postmaster- 
 General. He was subsequently appointed Chief Clerk of the Post- 
 office Department, and so continued throughout the '' Star Route " 
 investigation. When Mi'. James retired from the Cabinet of Presi- 
 dent Arthur in 1882, to accept the Presidency of the newly organized 
 
542 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Lincoln National Bauk of New Voik, .Mr. \'an Wormer accepted the 
 position of Teller in this institution. When, in connection with the 
 bank, the Lincoln Hafe Deposit and ^Varehouse ('onii)an_v was orijan- 
 ized, he became its t;eueral nianayer. 
 
 DEAN, .ALXTHEW, came to New York City from Stamford, Conn., 
 in 185t!, and became clerk in the lirocery establishment of Charles E. 
 Knapp, on Hudson street. Subsequently he eniiai;ed in the foreign 
 fruit business, a\ hich he successfully foUowed for some thirty years 
 ])rior to his retirement from it. He became connected with the Mu- 
 nicii)al Electric Light Company of Brooklyn at the time of its organi- 
 zation in 1884, and Ayas a member of its original directorate. Since 
 1890 he has been its President. He is also a director of the Long- 
 Island Safe Deposit ( 'omjiany, as he is likewise of the New York Pie 
 Baking Comjiany. He was <(ne of the founders of the Hanoyer Club, 
 of Brooklyn, and was a member of its first Board of Directors. He 
 was born in Stamford, Conn., April 29, 1838, and receiyed his edn- 
 catinu ill tlie ])id)lic schools of that place. He is the son of Sanniel 
 Dean and Cynthia Chichester, is the grandson of Samuel Dean and 
 Haunali Buxton, and is tiie great-grandson of Ebenezer Dean and 
 Rachel Boberts. His great-gi-an(l|ia rents emigrated from England to 
 Stanif(U-(l, Conn., in 170(1. 
 
 KorWENHOVEN. FBANCIS DUKYEE. eminent citizen and 
 large landowner of Steinway, Long Island City, was born on the pa- 
 ternal farm upon wlucli Steinway has largely been erected, August 
 19, 1820, and was educated in tlie ])ublic schools of Newtown, L. 1. 
 He is an influential member of t he i;e|)ublican party, is an Elder of the 
 Dutch Beformed Cluirch of Steinway, Inning also liberally contrib- 
 uted toward the erection of the church building, and is a member of 
 the Holland Society of New York City. He was married. October 7, 
 1857, to Harriet, daughter of John M. ilyatt. of Newtown. L. I. Their 
 suryiying children are four daughters — Sarah L.. wife of Key. ^lat- 
 thias Haines, a Presbyterian clergyman, now established in Imlian- 
 apolis. lud.; Helena D.. wife of Edward C. Ilulst. of l-'iusliing. L. I.; 
 Agnes E., wife of Henry Steele Bartow, of I'lushiug, and I'annie G. 
 Kouwenhoyen. The son of (Jeorge Konwenhoyen, a soldier in the 
 War (d' 1S12. and his wife, Helena, daughter of Fram-is Duryee, of 
 Dutcli Kills. L. I., ;Mr. Kouwenhoyen is himstdf descended from \\'ol- 
 fei-t Cerretsen yan Couwenhoyen. who, in 1030, emigrated from his 
 natiye town, Amersfoort, Proyince of Utrecht, Netherlands, to New 
 Netherlands, originally settling at Kensselaeryille. near Albany. In 
 l()3(i he became one of the original i>ro]>rietors of Flatlands. L. I. 
 From this patriarch the line descends through Gerrit. ^Villiaiu, Ger- 
 rit, Luke, and George Kouweidio\ cu. io I'^rnncis Duryee Kouwen- 
 hoyen. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPH\\ 543 
 
 GliUiSJEAN. FLOiaAX, is I'lesideut of the Lahmoe & Gi-osJL-au 
 Mauufacturiiiji ('()m[)aiiy. of whicli he was one of the founders iu 
 1850, and wliicli, in- the line of enamekMl and stamped slieet metal- 
 wares, stands second to no manufacturing establishment in the United 
 States. The business originated in the manufacture of tinned spoons 
 in New York Cit}'. in a modest way, under the firm stjle of Lalance 
 i*c CJrosjean. In 1803, at the end of thirteen years, works were 
 erected at \\'oodliaven, L. I., on the outskirts of Brooklyn. In 1869 
 the firm reorganized into the present stock company. The works 
 were burned in INK;, and rebuilt on a largei- scale. A few years ago 
 a large rolling-mill and tinplate works were erected at Harrisburg. 
 Pa. Born in Switzerland seventy-four years ago, Mr. Grosjean came to 
 this country when a young man. He was at first engaged in the im- 
 jtortation and jobbing of house furnishing goods in Xew York City, 
 Init soon changed to the manufacture of sheet metal goods. He is a 
 member of the Fulton Club, and has a beautiful country-seat at 
 Woodhaven. 
 
 SNYDEK, ClIAKLES B. .1., on July 11, 18!»1, was ai.poiuted by 
 the Board of Education of tiie City of New York Architeci .iiid Sii- 
 j)erintendeut of School Buildings, and has since revolutionized the 
 construction and design of jtublic school buildings in the Borough of 
 Manhattan. lie was boiii in Stillwater, X. ^■., November 4, 18(10, 
 and was educated in the coiiinion and liigii .<cliools, siibse(|uenlly 
 studying architecture at a terliniciil school, at ( doper Enion, in this 
 city, and with William 1]. J'isho]). He also stadied with builders, 
 pre])aring for his profession, during the four years from his cnuiing 
 1o N^nv York, in INTO and ISs:;. In the latter year he began the 
 practice of liis |)i-of'es-:ion. lie is a niend)er of the New York <'ha])ter 
 of the American liislitulc of Architects, of the American Society of 
 Heating and \'eiitilating Engineers, the ("oiintiy < "ycle (Mnb, Kane 
 J>odge, No. l.'il, I'l-ee and Acce](t"d Masons; .b rnsalem ('lia]iter. No. 
 8, Royal Arch .Masons, and Ihiuutiiol ('(Uincil, :'.!I7, Koyal .Vrcanaiii. 
 He is the son of George 1. Snyiler and Charily A., daughter of .Jere- 
 miah Shouts and Charity Cnitis, the latter being descended from 
 Thomas Giirtis, who settled ai \"\'ei herstiehl. Conn., in l(i:>f. <>n the 
 jiaternal side he is eighth in descent from Dieliicli Snyder, id' Ilack- 
 i'ubnrg, in the Palatinate, whose wife was a danghter of Christian 
 Diedricht of Graffschaft, Nennid. .Mr. Snydei's great-grandmother, 
 Eleanor Kniid^erbocker. born August '.". 1T7S, was descended trom 
 Harmen Jansen Knickerbockei-. from the village of Wye, ibdiand, 
 whose oldest child, Johannes, was baptized in New Amsterdam, No- 
 vember G, 1007. 
 
 WEST, GEOBGE, ha> long been a iii'ominent lignre In i he jiapei- 
 manufaciniinu business in the Enited States. .\ I (he ]iresent time 
 
544 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 lie uwus L'ijilit piiiK-r mills iu Saratoga Couuty, New York, Avbich 
 constitute the lai-fjest inaiiufactoi'T of mauila paper in The world. 
 He is also the proprietor of a creosote factory, and is a larjie owner 
 of mining properties and real estate. He was one of the original in- 
 corporators of D. S. Walton & Company, wholesale paper merchants 
 of New Y'ork Tity. and is joint owner with D. S. Walton. He is a 
 director of the National Folding Box and Paper Company, the Frank- 
 lin National Bank, and the Maritime Canal Company of Nicaragiia. 
 One of the founders of the First National Bank of BallsTon Spa, Sara- 
 toga County, N. Y., he was its A'ice-President from 1870 to ISSO, and 
 has been its President since 18S0. He was long the owner of the Schen 
 ectady Uiuon, and at the present time is a director of the Utica Herald 
 He is an active member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and is 
 
 Treasurer of the Bound Lake Asso- 
 ciation, having saved its camp- 
 meeting grounds from foreclo- 
 sure. He contributed one-half the 
 cost of the erection of the Meth- 
 odist Episcopal Church structure 
 at Ballston Spa, erected the parson- 
 age connected with it, and liberally 
 contributed toward the erection of 
 the Baptist and Catholic church 
 buildings in the same village. He 
 was a member of the New York As- 
 sembly for five terms, from 1872 to 
 1870, and during the last term was 
 ("hairman of the Eailway Commit- 
 tee. He represented the Twentieth 
 New Y'ork District in Congress for 
 three terms, having been elected in 
 1880, 1884. and 1880. He was a 
 delegate to the Eepublicau Na- 
 tional Conventions of 1880, 1884, and 1888. He was married in England, 
 Aj)ril 7, 1S44, and has a son, George West, Jr., and a daughter. Mrs. 
 I). W. Mabee. The son and son-in-law are associated with Mr. 
 AVest in the paper business. Mr. West was born in Bradnich, Devon- 
 shire, England, February 17, 1823. He early entered a paper mill 
 and mastered all the branches of the business, including the man- 
 ufacture of writing paper and colored papers. At eighteen 3-ears 
 of age he held a foremanship. Coming to the United States in 
 1849, he worked in paper mills in New Jersey and Massachusetts, 
 and in 1850 produced the first water-mark writing paper manufac- 
 tured in the United States. In 1858 he became part proprietor of a 
 mill at Cummingtou, Mass., was very successful in its management, 
 
 ?»«-fe- 
 
 (iEORGE WEST. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 54:5 
 
 and, advautayeously disposing- of bis interest, established liimself as a 
 paper manufacturer in Saratoga County, New York. Here be con- 
 stantly extended bis operations. 
 
 BRUGGErtHOF, FIJEDEIIICK WILLIAM, President of J. M. 
 Tborburn & Company, since taking up bis residence in Darien, Conn., 
 bas been active in public life as a Democrat in Connecticut. In 1874 
 be was elected to tbe Connecticut House of Representatives, being 
 the first Democrat elected from tbe town of Darien in about twenty 
 years. In IST.") be was elected to the State Senate and tbe following- 
 year was re-elected. He was a member of tbe Electoral College in 
 1884, having been elected a Presidential Elector-at-large. He is a 
 member of the Manhattan and Hardware clubs of New York, tbe 
 Stamford Yacht, and the Wee Burn Golf clubs. B(U'n in Barmen, 
 Prussia, October 15, 1830, he is the son of Peter Abraham Bruggerhof 
 and Marie Budde, bis ancestors being from Holland. He immigrated 
 with his parents to St. Louis, Mo., in 1837, was educated there, and, 
 coming- to this city in 1849, entered tbe employ of J. M. Tborburn 
 & Company, the oldest firm of seed merchants in existence in this 
 country. He became a partner in ISoo, and has remained the active 
 member since. TTpon tbe incoi^poration of tbe firm in 1894 he was 
 elected President. He was married in this city in 1850 to Cordelia E. 
 Andreas, and has four daughters and a son — Edward Everett Brug- 
 gerhof, a director of J. ]\L Tborburn & Comi)any. 
 
 BANTA, JOHX, was educated in tlie Ninth Ward Public School 
 of New York City, at sixteen years of age began to learn tbe ai-t of 
 building, and was engaged in business as a builder in New York from 
 1855 until las death, July 2C>, 1S93, at the liome he bad himself built 
 in 18(;0, and which bad been his residence since that time. Among 
 other prominent buildings, for tbe Clark estate, he built tbe Dakota 
 Flats, tlie Wyoming, and tbe Ontario. He was at one time President 
 of the Mechanics' and Tradesmen's Society, and was also a member 
 of the Mechanics' and Traders' Exchange and the Holland Society. 
 He married, in 1847, Rachel A'an Valen, of New York City, and is sur- 
 vived by bis wife and daughter, Elizabeth Banta. Born at Saddle 
 River, N. J., December 3. 1822, :\[r. Banta was tbe son of Thomas T. 
 Banta and Elizabeth Haring. His original American ancestor came 
 to New Amsterdam from northwestern Holland, witli his wife an<l 
 five Sims, in 1059, and settled at I'lusliing, L. I. 
 
 DINSMORE, WILLIA:\I P... Secretary of tbe Adams Express Com- 
 pany, is tbe son-in-law of tbe hue Alvin Adams, its founder and first 
 president, and is the son of tbe late William B. Dinsmore, who became 
 :Mr. Adams's associate in the infancy of tbe enterprise, and succeeded 
 him as its president. He was born in New York City in 1844. -«-as 
 educated here, and is a member of the Union League, Racquet, New 
 
546 HISTOR-»i' OF TPIE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 York Athletic, New York Yacht, and Hockaway Hunting clubs. He 
 married, in 1866, Helen F., daughter of Alvin Adams, and has two 
 daughters and a son, William B. Dinsmore, Jr. 
 
 YETMAN, HUBBAKD K., educated in the public schools of Eng- 
 lishtown. N. J.. WoodhulTs Institute. Freehold, X. J., and Mount 
 Hermou Institute, Tottenville, S. I., for nearly twenty years was 
 engaged as a teacher in the public schools of Stateu Island, and 
 has subsequently followed the profession of civil engineer. He was 
 Engineer of Koads in the town of Westlield, and was Engineer of the 
 Tottenville Waterworks. He has held the offices of State Assembly- 
 man, Supervisor of Richmond County, Justice of the Peace, and 
 School Commissioner. He was a ^'oluuteer during the Civil War, 
 although but a mere youth at the time. He is a member of the 
 Grand Army of the Republic and the Protestant Episcopal Church. 
 Born in Monmouth County. X. J.. August 28. 1847, he is the son of 
 William A. Yetman and Mary A., daughter of Hubbard Rively, and is 
 the grandson of Jeremiah Yetman and great-grandson of John Yet- 
 man. His paternal ancestors were of English and Irish, and his ma- 
 ternal ancestors of Dutch descent. 
 
 MOODY, LEONARD, engaged in the real estate business in Brook- 
 lyn since ISGO, has been connected with many j^ublic enterprises. 
 He was one of the organizers of the Real Estate Exchange, of Brook- 
 lyn, and is Chairman of its Building Committee. He was one of the 
 founders of the Montauk Club, for live years was one of its directors, 
 and served on its Building Committee. He was one of the founders 
 of the Oxford Club, and was one of the original members of the 
 Union League Club, of Brooklyn. One of the founders of the Berke- 
 ley Institute, he is a member of its Board of Trustees and a member 
 of its Building Committee. He is a life member of the Brooklyn 
 Institute of Arts and Sciences, and one of its trustees. He was an 
 organizer and charter member of the Co-operative Building Bank, 
 of Brooklyn, and was its ^'ice-President for a term of years. He has 
 been Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the Brooklyn Tabernacle. 
 He is noAV President of the Geneva ;Mineral Water Company, and a 
 director of the Hamilton Trust Company, the Kings County Bank, and 
 the City Savings Bank. Under his super^•ision was built the Fougera 
 Apartment House, the largest in Brooklyn. In February, 1881, by 
 a skillful real estate coup, he secured for the United States Govern- 
 ment at a reasonable price the Johnson Street Federal Building site, 
 thus ending an agitation of sixteen years' duration, and defeating 
 various schemes to charge exorbitant prices for proposed sites. In 
 addition to those already mentioned, he is a member of the Brooklyn 
 Riding and Driving and Field and Marine clubs, as he is also of 
 U. S. Grant Post, Grand Army of the Republic; Central Lodge, Free 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 547 
 
 and Accepted Masons, the four Aurora Grata Scottish Kite orgauiza- 
 tions, aud Kismet Temple, Mystic Shriue. He is au influential mem- 
 ber of the Kepublican party. He was boru in East Pittston, Me., 
 September 27, 1839, the sou of Nathaniel Moody, and grandson of 
 Jei-emiah Moody, a native of England, whose Avife was of Scotch 
 descent. Having remained upon his father's farm until the age of 
 twelve, between then and the age of sixteen he shipped before the 
 mast. Returuing to East I'ittston, he purchased a farm which he still 
 owns. From 1857 to 1859 he was engaged in lumbering in \'irginia, 
 dealing in white oak timber for shipbuilding purpos(^s. He responded 
 to the first call for volunteers in the ('ivil War, and was among tlie 
 forces assigned to l'\>i-tress Monroe. He subsequently assisted in 
 raising the Twenty-first Maine Volunteers. Discharged in 1863 on 
 account of disability through fever contracted in the swamps of Vir- 
 ginia, he married in that year Marianua Henrietta, daughter of 
 Henri Quantin, a New York importing merchant, of I'rench descent. 
 After a residence of a few years in ]\raine. in January, ISC!), ;Mr. nnd 
 Mrs. Moody made Bnxdclyn their home. 
 
 BUEEOUGHS, JAMES SCHOONMAKEE, at fifteen years of age 
 became a clerk with Schieffelin Brothers, of New York City, the well- 
 known wholesale drug firm whose present style is Schieffelin & Com- 
 pany, and remained with them for ten years. He then formed a part- 
 nership with CJeorge W. Hul)bard as drug and chemical brokers, and 
 still continues this business under the style of J. S. Burroughs & Com- 
 pany. He is an active member of the Dutcli Eeformed Church, of 
 which denomination his great-grandfatlier, Eev. Martinus Schoon- 
 maker, of Flatbusli, L. I., was a clergynmn. He is himself the son 
 of George W. Burroughs and Sarah Schoonmaker, and descends from 
 John Burroughs who, born in Dorsetshire, England, in 1(117, was a 
 member of the Long Parliament, which convened in irilO, and was 
 dissolved by Cromwell, and to escape ]icrserntioii by tlie latter immi- 
 grated to Salem, Mass., about 1(U2. He was one of the founders of 
 Middlebury, L. I., in 1(;52; in lOGG was one of the seven original paten- 
 tees of Newtown, L. I., and boasting the rare accomplishment for 
 those days of legible penmanshiii, was for eleven years Town Clerk 
 of Newtown. Mr. Burroughs's country-seat at Newtown, inherited 
 from his father, has been in the family for ninety-six years, while four 
 generations have been born beneath its loof. 
 
 WALTEE, MAirriN, is a director of the Tremont Building and 
 Loan Association, the Bronx Borough Bank, and the Eetail Grocers' 
 Pulilishing Company; is a member of the Executive Committee of the 
 North Side Board of Trade. Borough of the Bronx, and a member of 
 tlie Taxpayers" Alliance of the same section of the city. He was born 
 
548 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 in Xmv York City, November 2, IS.")!;, the sou of Martin Walter aud 
 I'jlizabetli. daugliter of Martin Kich, of Wiirteniberg, (iermany. His 
 father and grandfather were born in Guetzenbriglc, Alsace, of an old 
 military family, and immigrated to the United States when Mr. Wal- 
 ter's father was two years of age. After being graduated from 
 Crammar School. Xo. (>3, New York City, Mr. Walter entered the em- 
 ploy of Taulsen i^ Bamman. grocers. At the end of six years he be- 
 came the partner of <ine of his em])loyers in a grocery business at 
 Tremont, under the style of Jacob F. Paulsen >!<: ( 'oinpany. which sub- 
 sequently became Paulsen X- \Yalter. Mr. Walter managed the busi- 
 ness. He led his tirm to ac(|uire a farm of si.xteen acres at Mount 
 Hope, which was laid out in lots, and disposed of within a year. 
 Other property was similarly handled. ~Slr. Walter terminated his 
 connection with the grocery business, aud has since devoted him- 
 self exclusively to real estate. He married, in ISIH. Elizabeth, 
 daughter of John Negeuah. a large stockraiser of Cha])iu. TU.. and 
 lias a daughter. 
 
 LAIMBEER, WILLIAM, merchant, of Brooklyn, was one of the 
 pioneers in business at the Atlantic Dock, building the first stores 
 on the North Pier. lie was one (d' those who. in order to encourage 
 the establishment of a ferry service from Whitehall Street, New 
 York City, to naiiiilton Avenue. Brooklyn, signed an indemnity bond. 
 His son, Bichard Harper Laimbeer, became his jiartner in 1845, and 
 his successor in 1853, when he retired. His declining years were spent 
 on his fai'm at Amsterdam. N. Y.. where he ilied. December 13. 18G1, 
 at the age of sixty-nine. He married Thomaziue Harper. 
 
 LAIMBEEB. KICIIABD HABPEB. long prominent in the grain 
 warehouse business, is at the present time Yice-President of the New 
 York Produce Exchange, having long been a member of its Board of 
 Managers, and is a director of the Eagle Lock Company, and the New 
 ^'ork Produce Exchange and Safe Dejxjsit Storage Company, and a 
 Trustee of the South Brooklyn Savings Institution. He was formerly 
 Vice-President of the New York Produce Exchange Bank, and a di- 
 rector of the Standard Mining Company, of California. He was en- 
 gaged in the storage warehouse bu.siness from 1845 to 1868, as head 
 of the firm of B. H. Laimbeer & Company. Upon the organization of 
 the Grain \\'arehouse Company in 1872, he became its Treasurer, and 
 V, ith the organization of the Grain Warehousing Company in 1874 he 
 also became its Treasurer. He was born June 22, 1825, the son of 
 the late William Laimbeer and Thomaziue Harper, his father being a 
 prominent Brooklyn merchant. May 21, 1848, he married Kate J., 
 daughter of John Badcliffe, of Port Jackson. N. Y'., and has a son. 
 lion. Bichnrd II. Laimbeer. Jr.. and two daughters. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BiOGRAPHY. 
 
 549 
 
 LAMOXT, DANIEL SCOTT, Secirtiiiy of War .liu-iu-; tlic second 
 term of President Cleveland, is Vice-1'resident of the Xoi-tliern Taeilic 
 Raihvay Company, and is a director of more than forty railroad cor- 
 porations, constitntin<i the i;reat Northern I'acitic system, standin,ij' 
 in administrative relation to tiiis system somewhat like Channeey 
 M. Dejiew to the \'and<n'bilt systt^n. lie is also President of the 
 Northern Pacific Hxpress Company, frnstee of the American Surety 
 Com]>any, director of the National T'nion Pank, ^'ice-President 
 of the Northwestern Ini|>rovement C(nn])any, and trnstee of the 
 Pnncf Sound and Alaska Steamship ('omjiany and the \'ir- 
 iiinia Land and Townsife 
 Company. Of Scot( h-liish 
 descent, he was liorn on .i 
 farm in .Mc( Irawville, 
 Cortland County, X. 'N'., 
 Febrnai-y 9, 1851. lie left 
 I'nion Collejie before tin- 
 ishini;' the course to accept 
 the editorship of the Drinn- 
 cntt, in his native connty. 
 Pecomini;- active in Demo 
 cratic ]>olitics, in 1870, he 
 was ai)poiuted Eni;rossini; 
 Cleric of the New York 
 Assembly, and Chief 
 Clerk, D e p a r t m e n t of 
 State. He also served on 
 the staff of the Albany 
 Afipix. He ri^ndered as- 
 sistance in the preparation 
 of Grovei' ClevelamFs tiisi 
 messa.ne as Governor, and 
 was appointed P r i v a t e 
 Secretaiw. He held tlie 
 s a m e ]i o s i t i o n during, 
 Cleveland's first t(n-m as 
 
 President, and distiniinished himself for tact and <lis(i-etiou. At tiie 
 (dose i>\' the administration he be.nan to ent( i- upon Ins ]ii-esent affilia- 
 tions with a syndicate of capitalists. lM>llowinin his able administra- 
 tion of the portfolio of War, from the sprini; of 18!»:i to that of i8!l7, he 
 resnmed these ensaiiements. lie iMJiled a volume of Clevelamrs 
 speeches under the title, " Public ()flic<- a Public Trust." 
 
 GAUTIEP, DT'DLEY GPECOPY, steel manufacturer, is head of 
 the firm of D. G. Gautier & Company, with extensive works in .lersey 
 Citv and main oflices in this city. He is a member of the Union and 
 
 D.^NIKL SCOTT LAMOXT. 
 
550 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 the Meadowbrook Hunt clubs and the Downtown Association. He 
 resides at Henijjstead, L. I. Born in Jersey Citj, February 2, 1847, 
 and educated in Germany, he is the eldest son of the late Di'. Josiah 
 Hornblower Gautier, of Jersey City, and his wife, Mary Louisa, 
 daujihter of Hon. Dudley S. Gregory. His father was graduated from 
 the University of New York, and from its Medical Department, and, 
 after practicing for some time in Jersey City, became founder and 
 Lead of J. H. Gautier & Company, manufacturers of plumbago 
 crucibles. Mr. Gautier's grandfather, Dr. Thomas Brown Gautier, 
 was an eminent physician of Hudson County, Xew Jersey; was grad- 
 uated from the New York (College of Physicians and ^>urgeons in 1S23, 
 also receiving the degree of M.D. from Rutgers College in 1831, and 
 married Elizabeth, daughter of Josiah Hornblower and Anna Mer- 
 selis. Mr. Gautier is also fourth in descent from Thomas Gautier, a 
 prominent lawyer of New Y^ork and New Jersey, and is fifth from 
 Andrew Gautier, educated in King's College (now Columbia), whose 
 wife was Mary, daughter of Captain Brown and Mary Ten Eyck, of 
 Bergen County, NeM' Jersey. Captain I'.rown commanded a privateer 
 in the French wars and during the Revolution was a member of the 
 Bergen County Committee of Correspondence and otherwise promi- 
 nent in the patriot cause. Andrew Gautier, sixth in the line, was a 
 wealthy New Yorker, Assistant Alderman from 17G5 to 1777, and 
 Alderman from 1708 to 177."!. He was the son of Daniel (lautier and 
 Maria Bogaert, and grandson of Jacques Gautier, original emigrant, 
 of an ancient family of St. Blaiicliai-d, Languedoc, France. 
 
 ACKER, DAVID D., one of tlic founders, and, prior to his death, the 
 head of the firm of Acker, Merrall & ('ondit, large retail grocers, 
 was Vice-President of the New York National Exchange Bank, and 
 an influential member of the Chamber of Commerce, Produce Ex- 
 change, and ilaritime Exchange. He was a member of tlie Holland 
 Society, and of St. Thomas's Church. He declined a nomination for 
 Congress in New Jersey, where he also maintained a residence. Born 
 in Bergen County, New Jersey, June 13, 1822, of old Dutch stock, in 
 1833 he entered the employ of T. & A. S. Hope, of this city, fancy 
 grocers. Thomas Hope & Company, as the firm had become, was 
 succeeded in 1857 by Acker, Merrall & Company, William J. ^[errall 
 and Jt)hn W. Condit being Mr. Acker's partners. In 18G8 the jjresent 
 style of Acker, Merrall & Condit was adopted. Three large stores in 
 this city and one in Yonkers have been establislicil. ^\v. Acker died 
 March 23, 1888, leaving a wife and seven children. 
 
 ACKER, CHARLES LIVINGSTON, at the time of his death, in 
 1891, was a member of the firm of Acker, Merrall cS: Condit, of which 
 his father, the late David de Peyster Acker, was the founder and so 
 long the head. He was also an oflicer of a number of important 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 551 
 
 corporations. He was Vice-Presirlent of the Hudson Eiver Bank. He 
 was a, member o< the HoUand Society and of several clubs. He was 
 born in New York City in 184(5, and married Helena, daughter of Hon. 
 James J. Brinckerhoff, formerly a jueraber of the New Jersey Senate. 
 Three daughters and his son, Charles Livingston, Jr., survive him. 
 
 ACKER, FRANKLIN, son of the late David de Peyster Acker, 
 founder of the firm of Aiki^r, Mciinll cS: Condit, w;is l)orn in New York 
 City, February IG, ISjo. He attended the public schools of the citj', 
 an academy at Weston, Conn., anil in 1870 entered the employ of his 
 father's firm. He became a partner in 1SSS, but retired in 181)2. He 
 is a director of the I'iljerite Comi)any and the David D. Acker Com- 
 pany, and a nieiuber of the Holland Society, and the Colonial, Com- 
 mercial, and Hardware clubs. He married, in 1884, Emma, daughter 
 of Hon. James J. Brinckerhoff, formerly State Senator of New Jersey, 
 and has two sons, David de Peyster and Irving Fairchild Acker. 
 
 BISSELL, PELHAM ST. GEURCE, is engaged in the management 
 of the large real estate intei'ests inherited from his father, the late 
 George H. Bissell, and is also interested in the manufacture of paper. 
 He organized the Adirondacks Ptilp t'ompany, and is one of its larg- 
 est owners. He was born in New Y'ork City, December .5, 1858; at- 
 tended the Columbia Grammar School, and in 1880 was graduated 
 from Columbia College. He is a member of the New Y'ork Athletic 
 Club, the New Y'ork Historical Society, the Sons of the Revolution, 
 and the Columbia College Alumni Association. He married Helen 
 Alsop, daughter of Colonel Thomas J. French, and has one son, Pel- 
 ham St. George, Jr. Jlr. Bissell's mother was Ophie Louise Griffin, 
 while through his distinguished father he descends from the Hugue- 
 not, John Bissell, who was one of tiie founders of \Yindsor, Conn., hav- 
 ing arrived in Plymouth Colony as early as 1028. 
 
 REN\VICK. EDWARD S.. enjoys a high reputation, both as an 
 able engineer and as a solicitor and expert in patent cases. It is be- 
 lieved that no one now living has been engaged as an expert in a 
 greater number of notable patent cases. He is a member of the 
 Union, Engineers", New Y^ork Y'acht, and Adirondack League clubs, 
 the Scientific Alliance, and the American Geographical Society. He 
 was born in this city, January 3, 1823. and is the son of tlie late James 
 Renwick. LL.D., who occupied a chair in Columbia College. After 
 being himself graduated from Columbia, he engaged for some time as 
 an iron manufacturer until the enactment of the tariff' of 184G dis- 
 couraged such enterprise. In April, 1849, he established himself at 
 Washington as a patent solicitor in partnership with Peter H. Wat- 
 son, under the firm style of Watson & Renwick. On May 13, 1851, 
 they obtained the iirst patent for a self-binding reaper, and shortly 
 
552 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 after patented certain inlpl•uvement^^. All the niacliines of the pres- 
 ent day embody these patents. In 1855 Mr. lienwiek returned and 
 established himself in this city. With his brother, H. B. Kenwick, he 
 was at one time entiajied in repairing;- the steamship (rreat Eastern. 
 He was married to Alice Brevoort in lS<i2. and has two sons and a 
 daughter. One of the sons. Edward B.. is a member of the firm of 
 Pirsson & Kenwick. stone merchants; the other. William W.. is a 
 member of the well-known tirm of Eenwick. Aspiuwall l\: Benwick, 
 architects. 
 
 HABTLEY. MABCELUS. prominent -un and ritle merchant of 
 New York City, is an officer of a large number of impoi'tant corpora- 
 tions. He is President of the Bcmington Arms Company, President 
 of the Bridgeport (lun Implement Company, of Itridgeport, Conn.; 
 President of the Union Metallic Cartridge Company, of the same; a 
 Trustee of the American Surety Company and the American Deposit 
 and Loan Couipany. and a J »irector of the (lerman-American Bank, 
 the Lincoln National Bank, the Western National Bank, the Mercan- 
 tile Trust ( "om])aiiy, the Fifth Avenue Trust Com])any, the ^lanhattan 
 Bailway. the I](|uital)l(' Life Assurance Society, the American District 
 Tcl('gia]ili ("onipauy. the Wcstiughouse Electrical and Manufacturing 
 <_"om]iany, and the Audit Company. He is a member of tlie Union 
 League, IJiding, Lawyers", I'resbyterian, Bepublican, and Essex 
 ("ouiity Country <]ubs. and the New England Society. He naarried 
 Frances Chester, daughter of Dr. S. Pomroy White. He is the eldest 
 son of the late Hobert Milliam Hartley and <'atherine, daughter of 
 Reuben iMnusou, his father having been a \vell-l;nown philanthroijist 
 of this city, and his maternal grandfather a prominent merchant, an 
 Alderman, and ^lember of the Assemblv. 
 
 .TA:\1ES. THOMAS LEMUEL, Postmaster of New Y(uk under Pres- 
 ident <;rant and President Hayes, and Postmaster-General of the 
 United States in the Cabinet of President Garfield, has been Presi- 
 dent of the Lincoln National Bank of this city since January. 1882, 
 when he retired as Postmaster-General, and is President of the Ar- 
 verni^ Improxcment Comi>any. and a director of the Fraidclin National 
 Bank, the Metroixilitan Life Insurance Company, the Anglo-American 
 Savings and Loan Association, the International Pulp Com^iany. the 
 Love Electric Traction Company, the Hall Signal Company, the New 
 Jersey Shore Line Railroad ('(uupany. and the Harriman and North- 
 eastern Railroad, being also Treasurer of the latter. Born in Utica, 
 N. Y.. March 20. 1831. he was educated in the public schools, learned 
 The printer's trade, and became joint proprietor of the Madison Comifif 
 Joiinidl. which he subsequently consolidated with the Democrdlic 
 Riflctfnr as the Pi inorratic T?<jiiiliHc(ni. He was Canal Collector at 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 553 
 
 Hamiltou, N. Y.. from 1854 to 185G. Coniin<;' to New York iu 1801. 
 he held the positions of Iusi)ector iiud ^Vei<;■her of Teas under Col- 
 h^ctor of the I'ort Hiram Barney, and under his successor, Thomas 
 Murphy was Deputy Collector of the Third Division. Euteriuj;. .March 
 17. 1873. upon his duties of Postmaster of New York, under ai)point- 
 luent by I'resident (Irant, he won renown by his vigorous reorganiza- 
 tion of an indifferent service, making it adequate to the business ue- 
 cessities of tht^ city. He reduced the employees to a disciplined work- 
 ing force. President Hayes re-appoiuted him. He refused the offer 
 of the latter to make him ('ollector of the Fort, as he did also the 
 portfolio of Postmaster-Cien- 
 eral. offered him in 1880, 
 A\ h e n Postmaster-( Jeneral 
 Key was made T'nitcd States 
 Ciicuit Judge. I>nt he en- 
 tered the Caliinct i)f (iartidd . 
 as Postniastcr-( ieneral, and 
 again distinguished himself 
 by a reorganization and in- 
 vestigation, which ferret(Ml 
 out the notorious " Star 
 Route" frauds. " News- 
 ]iapers were subsidized at 
 the capital and in other cities 
 to attack the Postmaster- 
 < Ieneral and his assistants in 
 the most obnoxious and de- 
 termined manner, but none 
 of these affected Mr. James 
 iu the way of causing him to 
 lessen his efforts to break up 
 the nest of dislionest officials, 
 whose nefarious work was 
 speedily laid bare before 
 him. The dishonest mail 
 
 routes were cut oft", faithless employees weie disiuissed, and ilie gen- 
 eral tone of the service was strengthened and inii)roved. He had 
 been met on his entrance into office by the fact of an annual deticit 
 of ■'jj;2,U00,000. The reductions which he made in the Star Poute serv- 
 ice and the steamboat service amounted to over .^2,000,000; wliih> 
 his thorough investigation into the abuses and frauds of the I'ost- 
 office department resulted in the famous Star Koute trials, and re- 
 vealed the scandals which had existed iu that service prior to las 
 assuming charge of it. A])plying, as far as it was practieable, the 
 civil-service methods which had been in operation in the New York 
 Postoffice to his new field of operations, the postal service was made 
 
 TH()M.\S LK.MUKL .rAMKS 
 
554 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 self-sustainiuji', up to the time wlieu the rate of postage was reduced 
 by Act of Oougress." Several institutions have conferred the degxees 
 of A.M. and LL.D. upon Mr. James. 
 
 FULTOX, ROBERT (for portrait, see Volume I. of this worlv, page 
 259), although not the inventor of the steamboat, was the first to dem- 
 onstrate its commercial utility. He was born in Little Britain, Pa., 
 in 1705, and died February 24, 1815. He early developed mechanical 
 and artistic talent. From 1782 to 1T8G be resided in Philadelphia, 
 supporting himself as a mechanical draughtsman and a painter of 
 miniatures and landscapes. He went to London in 178G, and studied 
 under Benjamin West, the famous artist. Under the influence of the 
 Duke of Bridgewater he subse(iuently took up civil engineenng. He 
 made several inventions of utility in canal improvement, and pub- 
 lished a treatise on this subject, which attracted some attention. 
 During the next few years he was at Paris, living with the family of 
 Joel Barlow. The first panorama in Paris, exhibited iri 1800, was 
 contrived by Fulton. In 1797 he engaged in experiments in sub- 
 marine torpedoes. His submarine explosives attracted the attention 
 of the governments of France and Ureat Britain, his experiments in 
 blnwing u]> hulks being successful; but as lie refused to give exclusive 
 riglits to either goveniment, they dropped the matter. He also con- 
 structed a submarine boat, which he could manage under water for 
 several hours at a time. In 1801, Chancellor Robert R. Livingston, 
 then United States Minister to France, interested him in the subject of 
 steamboat invention, Livingston having acquired the monopoly of 
 steam navigation on the Hudson, originally conferred by the New 
 York Legislature on Fitch, the inventor of the steamboat. In 1803 
 Fulton completed a steamboat on the Seine. It sank to the bottom 
 on the first trial, but was resuiTccted and repaired and made success- 
 ful trips. Livingston and Fulton returned to America in 1806, and 
 Fulton began the construction of the steamboat Clermont, on the 
 Hudson. In August, 1807, this boat began to make trips between 
 New York City and Albany. The following year Fulton mamed 
 Livingston's niece, while the Chancellor transferred to him the monop- 
 oly of steam navigation on the Hudson. Fulton enjoyed these rights 
 during life, but after his death the courts declared the monopoly 
 unconstitutional. In 1812, Fulton constructed his first steam ferry- 
 boat, to ply between New York and Jersey City. A little later he 
 put ferryboats in operation between New Y'ork and Brooklyn. From 
 his plans the fir.<t steamboat on the Mississippi was built in 1811. In 
 1814, I'^ulton launched the first steam frigate for the United States — 
 Fulton the First — authorized by Congress for the defense of New Yoik 
 Harbor. Fulton did not live to see its completion. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 555 
 
 MORSE, SAMT^EL FIXLEY BREESE, the first to deviso a success- 
 ful system of coniinunicating, intelliiiience by means of electrifity, was 
 born in Charlestown, Mass., April 27, 171)1, and died in New York City, 
 Ajji'll 2, 1872. He was graduated from Yale in 1810, and studied 
 painting in London under Washington Allston and Benjamin West. 
 Returning to America in 1815, he established a studio in Boston. A 
 little later he traveled in New England and the South, aud among 
 his commissions, painted a porti'ait of President Monroe for the city 
 of Charleston, S. C. In 1820 he removed to New Haven, Conn., while 
 from 1823 he resided in New York City. In 1824 he was appointed 
 attach^ to the Mexican Legation. In 1825 he painted a portrait of 
 Lafayette for the City of New York. From 182r) to 1815 he was I'resi- 
 dent of the National Academy of De.sign. Engaged in the study of the 
 old masters in Europe from 1829 to 
 
 1832 
 
 he 
 
 also became interested in 
 
 ^ 
 
 ■s©--. 
 
 the vaiious experiments looking to 
 the conveying of intelligence by 
 electricity. While returning to 
 America on the ship Sully, in Octo- 
 ber, 1832, the principle of his alplia- 
 bet of "dots and daslies" occurred 
 to him, and was enthusiastically 
 communicated to Ids fellow-]ias- 
 sengers. The alphabet was fornni 
 lated by the time he arrived on shore, 
 but years of tedious and trying ex- 
 perimentation followed. In 1835 he 
 was able to send messages on a iiall- 
 iiiile of wire arranged in his i-ooni. 
 In 1837 he applied tor a patent, and 
 also to Congress for an appropria- 
 tion for an exix'i-imental line. It 
 was not until March 1, 1813, that the 
 
 Senate passed the House bill appropriating |30,000 for the erection 
 of a line between Washington and Baltimore. This line was success- 
 fully put in operation the following year. A brief glance at the estab- 
 lishment of commercial telegraphy in the United States and Canada 
 will be found in the sketch whicli follows. Professor :Morse made 
 several visits to Europe subsequent to the successful issue of his ex- 
 periments. He obtained a patent in France, which did not i)i'ove 
 valuable, but was refused one in England, the question of ])riority 
 being at issue. He received many honors, including knighthood, and 
 numerous medals. He was entertained by the King of Denmark and 
 by the Emperor of Russia. Subsequently the chief emperors of Europe 
 presented him a purse of 100,000 francs, ilorse was interested in the 
 original Atlantic cable project, and visited Europe in 1857 in the 
 
 SAMCKI. KINI.EY BREKSK MORSE. 
 
556 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 iuti'ifst of the Athiiitic TelcuTapli Compauy, to wLieli lie sustained the 
 official relation of electi-ician. He met Daguerre (luring,- one of his 
 visits abroad, and to Morse also belongs the credit (jf constmcting a 
 camera and taking the first sun picture in the United ^^tates. 
 
 WOU]>. OIJKIX S(^»riKE, was prominently connected with the 
 development of commercial telegraphy in the United Htates and Can- 
 ada. Ezra Cornel], founder of Cornell University, and the associate 
 of I'rofessor t^auuiel l\ B. Morse in the introduction of the telegra])h, 
 was a brother-in-law of Jlr. Wood, and through this conuecti(m tiie 
 latter went to Washington in 184i, and was the first whom Professor 
 Morse instructed in the operation of his new invention. The expeii- 
 mental line authorized by the Government between Washington and 
 
 Baltimore was erected during this 
 year, and Mr. Wood assisted in tlie 
 work of its practical operation. 
 The following year he accomjianied 
 Professor Morse to New York ( "ity. 
 and was the operator in the first 
 ^^^^ telegrai)hic exhibition here, on a 
 y^ ^^^M line erected on Broadway, between 
 
 ^U^^K/^Bb ' ^^^H Excliange Place and Grand Street. 
 ^^p'^sr: nT^ ^^^^1 A company was organized to build 
 
 a. line from Xew York to Philad(d- 
 phia, l)ut this project failed 
 through inability to stretch a line 
 across the riudson which would 
 permit the passage of ships beneath 
 it. The feasibility of submarii-e 
 telegraphy liad not yet been dem- 
 onstrated. Mr. Cornell and ^Ir, 
 Wood then erected an exhibition 
 wire from the railroad station ni 
 Ulica, X. v.. lo tin- Stale i'air Grounds, resulTiiig iti the organization 
 of a company to erect lines between .\i\v \t>vk City and Buffalo, 
 with int«rmediate offices at 'i'roy. Utica. Syracuse. Auburn, an 1 
 Rochester. Meantime. Henry Wells, nf exjiress fame, Jiad erected 
 wires between Buffalo and I.ockjtort. >iinl. in ilie fall of 1845, Jlr. 
 ^\'ood put this line in operation. In .Jaiiuaiy. 1S40, the first com- 
 jdeted section of the New York and BulTiilo line, between Albany 
 and Utica. was put in operation by Mr. \\ ihhI. At Utica he also 
 organized and taught the first class in telegraphy, to e()uip ojjerators 
 for this line. He ojjeneil the different offices as the sections were com- 
 jdeted. With this line more than two offices were worked success- 
 fully in one circuit for the first time. Mr. Wood's brother subsequently 
 became superintendent of the line. In the fall of IStO the line was 
 
 OKKIX SQCIKF. WOOIi. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. Oo7 
 
 completed to New York City, Mr. Wood then (iin'iiinjii- the first fele- 
 oraph oflice for biisiuess iu Xew York. He remaiued iu ohariie of 
 this office uutil March, 1847, wheu he accepted his appointment as 
 superiutendeut by the newly organized Montreal Telegraph Company. 
 At this time I'rofessor Morse gave him a letter, in the cotirse of which 
 he said: " Yon were the first pnpil who was regularly initiated in the 
 matter of operating my telegraph." For eighteen years Mr. Wood 
 remaiued superintendent of the Jlontreal Telegraph Company, aud, 
 during this period, all of the successful commercial telegraph lines 
 in Canada were built under his supervision, with nearly all the rail- 
 way lines. By Mr. Wood's advice, from the beginning the Montreal 
 Company used galvauized-iron wire in place of copper wire. This 
 romi»any began to pay dividends almost from the stait. and was the 
 first company in the world to do so. ^[r. ^Vood supported Cyrus W. 
 Field in the project of a, telegraphic cable across the Atlantic, and 
 was a stockholder in the oiiginal Atlantic Telegraphic Company. 
 The only dispatch which passed over the first cable between England 
 and Canada was received by him and delivered to the commander 
 of the British forces at Montreal. ^Vhen the cable parted he joined 
 Mr. Field iu a journey through the lower Canadian provinces. In 
 1S(>0, ^Ir. Wood \isited England with Sir Hugh Allen and Postmaster- 
 General Smith to select an Irish port for landing the Canadian mails, 
 and to urge government aid in England for a new Atlantic cable. In 
 this year he also aided (Governor John A. King and other eminent Xew 
 Yorkers, who had come to ;Montreal to invite the Prince of Wales to 
 visit New York. ^Mth Z. G. Simmons, of Kenosha, Wis., Mr. Wood, 
 in 1803, purchased nuist of the stock of the telegraphic companies iu 
 the Northwestern States. Three years later he resigned from the 
 Montreal Comjiany and gave all his attention to the building up of a 
 great system iu the wheat region. In 1881 this system was profitably 
 disposed of to Jay (iould by a ninety-nine-year lease. In 1889, Mr. 
 Wood joined with Mr. Simmons in building a railroad to the top of 
 Pike's Peak. l>uring the i)ast twelve years he has resided on Staten 
 Island, where he has been active in connection with rapid transit. 
 Dining the last six years he has been President of the S. K. Smith 
 Infirmary, wliile he has been one of its trustees for a still longer penod. 
 He was born iu Sherbui-ne, N. Y.. December 14. 1817. and. up<m the 
 completion of his education, and prhn- to his connection wifli the tele- 
 graph, was for two years engaged as a civil engineer on the New York 
 State canals. Through his father, Benjanun Wood, a native of Scitu- 
 ate, R. I., he (h'sc(>nds from William Wood, who settled in Concin-d, 
 Mass.. iu l(i34. Through his mother, a daughter of Nicholas Bone- 
 steel, of Montgomery County, New York, he descends from Nicholas 
 Bonesteel. wlio came from Holland to Bhinebeck. N. Y.. in 1720. Mr. 
 Wood married, in 184!). a daughter of William Forbes, of Montreal. 
 She died in 18(;!t. In 1878 he man-ied the present Mrs. Wooil. a daugh- 
 
558 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 ter of iS'olsuu Liiulsf_y, of (Jrauyt', X. J. Uiw three eliiklieu were all 
 bv his fii-st wife— Mrs. W. D. Sutherland, of Montreal; H. Bolton 
 Wood, eiinaijed in business in Boston, and a. daujiiiter, who died at 
 Colorado Springs in 188'J. 
 
 I^'IELD, CYRUS WEST, is remembered for his zeal and enerjiT in 
 earryinji- to a, successful issue the project of the laying of a telegraphic 
 cable across the bed of the ocean. He was born in Stockbridge, Mass., 
 November 30, 1819, and died at Irvington-on-the-Hudson, July 12, 
 18!t2. The son of an able clergyman. Dr. David Dudley Field, he was 
 also a brother of tlie late David Dudley Field, the eminent New York 
 lawyer, and of Stephen M. Field, Justice of the Supreme Court of the 
 United States. Cyrus "\Y. Field attended the New York public schools 
 up to the age of fifteen, and then entered a mercantile house. He 
 subsetiuently became head of this establishment, while, in 1853, he 
 ietii-e(l from Itusiiiess with a large fortune. Soon after this he became 
 
 interested in the problem of transatlantic 
 telegraphic communication. The suggestion 
 of this was not original with Ficdd, having 
 come from Lieutenant Matthew Fontaine 
 Maury, author of the " Physical Geography 
 of the Sea," and for many years superintend- 
 ent of the National Observatory at Waslung- 
 
 ton. The latter had carefully sounded the 
 Atlantic along the path of commerce between 
 America and Europe, and had announced the 
 existence of a great submarine plateau which 
 would make the laying of a telegraphic cable 
 feasible. It remained fur Mr. Field to carry 
 out this suggestion. In 1851 the latter se- 
 cured from the Newfoundland Legislature a charter granting exclu- 
 sive rights for fifty years for a telegraph fioin l-^nrope to America by 
 way of Newfoundland. During the next three years the overland 
 Avires w^ere erected, together with a small cable across the (lulf of St. 
 Lawrence. The attemid to lay this cable in 1855 failed, but success 
 was realized the following y<'ar. In 1856, Mr. Field organized the 
 Atlantic Telegraph Comiiany. The first atteiiiiit to lay the Atlantic 
 cable, in 1857, failed, the cable parting. Another atteni])t, in 1858, 
 also failed. But in August, 1858, a cable was laid and operated for 
 a short time. After a little, however, it refused to work. Nothing 
 more was done until the close of the Civil War. In 18(;5 the attempt 
 was made to lay a new cable, but the wire again parted. But in 18(>G 
 another cable was successfully laid, while the wire which had parted 
 in 18G5 was fished up and spliced. Mr. Field received the thanks of 
 Congress, and in 1867 the highest honor from the French Exposition. 
 Later in life he invested his fortune in Manhattan Elevated stock, liav- 
 
 t-j/c/WK) 
 
 / 
 
 ^ty-^cjci. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 559 
 
 inf!,- Jay Gould as bis cuadjutdr, and eiiiployiiii;- all bis securities to arti- 
 firially boom tbe stock of tbis road, aiiainst (Jould's advice, was caii.ubt 
 in a tlurry. His loss was great, and, but for tbe generous assistance 
 of Gould, bis entire foi'tune woiild bave been swept awav. 
 
 COOPER, PETER (see steel engraving, frontispiece of N'olume I. 
 of tbis work ) , founder of tbe Cooper Institute in tbis city, in 1854, was 
 born in New York City, February 12, ITDl, and died bere April 4, 1883. 
 His fatber, a batmaker, bad been a. Revolutionary soldier, as bad been 
 bis maternal grandfatber, James Campbell, wbile tbe latter was also 
 an alderman of New Y(U'k. Peter Coojkm- enjoyed very little attend- 
 ance at scbool, and was apprenticed to a coaclimaker. He was, suc- 
 cessively, a manufacturer of ](atent macbines foi- sbearing clotb, a 
 cabinetmaker, and a grocer. He amassed a considerable fortune as 
 a manufacturer of glue and oils, baving talcen a lease of a glue factory 
 for t\\enty-one years. At tbe exjiiration of tbis time be erected a 
 factory of bis own. In 1S28 be became an inui founder, erecting tbe 
 Canton Iron Works at Baltimore. Here be built, in 18."5(), tbe first 
 locomotive engine in America, being bimself its designer, ile dis- 
 posed of tbe Baltimore works and aciiuired a similar jdanl in New 
 York City. Here be establisbed a rolling-mill and a wire factory. 
 He was tbe first man to successfully em])loy antbracite coal in ])ud- 
 dling iron. In 1815 be removed bis establisbment to Trenton, N. J., 
 wbere be bad at one time tbe largest rolling-nnll in tbe United States. 
 He took great interest in tbe developnumt (d' commercial telegra])by. 
 He organized tbe New York, Newfoundland and Loudon Telegrapb 
 Company, and was its President during tbe eigbteen years prior to its 
 consolidation witb otber lines. Next to Cyrus W. Field be was prob- 
 ably tbe most prominent suiiporter of tbe project of tbe Atlantic tele- 
 grapbic cable. He was a director of tbe original Atlantic Telegrapb 
 Comi)any. He was at one time President of tbe American Telegra]di 
 Comi)any, and was also President of tbe Ncu'tb American Telegrapb 
 Association, wbich controlled two-tlnrds of tbe lines in tbe United 
 States. He was a member of tbe New York Common Council, was a 
 trustee of tbe Public Scbool Society, and was a nu^nber of tbe New 
 Y'ork Board of Education. At tbe cost of about a million dollars be 
 erected and permanently endowed tbe Cooper Institute, witb its free 
 public library and its free instruction in tbe practical and tbe fine 
 arts. He was tbe candidate of tbe labor organizations for Mayor of 
 New Y'ork City, and in 187G was tbe candidate of tbe Greenback party 
 for President of tbe Uiuted States. 
 
 WATTS, JOHN, born in New Y'ork City, April 5, 1715, was one of 
 tbe most prominent citizens of New Y'(U'k. He was one of tbe founders 
 of tbe New Y'ork Society Library in 1753, being tbe first incorporator 
 mentioned in tbe cbarter of tbis institution. He long served as one 
 
560 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 I>K PKVSTKK AND WATTS 
 ARMS. 
 
 of its trustees. He was also a foiuKli'i' ami the tirst President of the 
 New York Hospital (1770-1784). He was one of the founders of the 
 New York Merchants" Exchange, and was principallr active in raising 
 thesubscriiition tor the erection of its liulldiuu in 1752. His education 
 
 was completed abroad, and he was bred to 
 the law. becoming one of the most eminent 
 ]iractitioners in New York. In 1752 and sub- 
 sequent years he was a member of the Xew 
 York Assembly. From 1758 until the lievo- 
 lution lie was a member of the King's Coun- 
 cil. In 17(i2-<>o he was Attorney-Geueral of 
 New York by appointment of Governor 
 ^lonckton. He was an active oi)ponent of the 
 Stamp Act of 17W, and influential in secur- 
 ing its repeal. He was married, in July, 1742, 
 to Ann de Lancey, sister of JanK'S de Laucey, 
 Lieutenant-< Governor of New York. In ad- 
 dition to his elegant town house, on Broad- 
 way, opposite Bowling Green, ^Ir. Watts had a large country-place 
 Avhich embraced neai'ly all of what is now the Nineteenth and Twenty- 
 second wards of the City of New York, together with a part of the 
 Eighteenth AVard. This jilace was named Bose Ilill, in honor of the 
 ancestral seat near Edinburgh. 
 Scotland. ^Mr. Watts was a loyal- 
 ist during the Bevolution, and, 
 on this account, was forced to re- 
 tire to England, wldle all his 
 property here was conflscated. 
 His wife died of a broken lu^art in 
 New York, Avhile he died, an exile 
 and impoverished, in Wales. He 
 Avas the choice of the King for 
 Acting rjovernor of New York in 
 case the Revolution failed. One 
 of his daughters became the wife 
 of the eleventh Earl of Cassilis. 
 He was himself the sou of Bobeii 
 Watts, or Watt, who was born at 
 his father's jjlace, Bose Hill, 
 Scotland, in 1(>80, came to New 
 York nty in 1710, and died here 
 September 21, 1750. He married 
 
 Mai-y, daughter of William NicoU, of New York City and Islip, L. I., 
 and, his wife, Anne, daughter of Jeremiah Van Bensselaer and Maria 
 Yan Cortlandt. Robert Watt was, in turn, the sou of John Watt, of 
 liose Hill, Scotland, who was born about 1G50, and in lOOG was 
 
 JOHN WATTS. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 3G1 
 
 appointed Commissioner of Supply for tlie Sliire of Edinburgh. One 
 of liis daughters became tlie wife of Sir Walter Riddel, Baronet. The 
 father of this John Watt, of Rose Hill, Adam Watt, was ai)pointed 
 writer to his Majesty's signet in KJ*)!, and also held the judieial posi- 
 tion of ("ommissary of Kirkcudbright. 
 
 WATTS, JOHN, Jr., son of Hon. John Watts and Anne de Lancey, 
 was born in New York Tity, August 27, 1740, and died here. Septem- 
 ber 3, 18oG. Like his father, lie was carefully educated, being bred to 
 the law. He was appointed Recorder of N<\\ Vnrk ( 'ity in 1774. when 
 twenty-five years of age, and held this 
 ofKce until 1777, being the last to till it , . 
 
 under commission from the King. For 
 several years a member of the New 
 York Assembly, he was its Speakci' 
 from 17i)l to 17!)4. From 170;5 to nil.") 
 he was a member of Congress. In ISOtl 
 he became First Judge of Westchester 
 County, New York. He was one of the 
 founders of the Tontine in 1704. He 
 was also one of the founders of the New 
 York Dispensary, while he was its 
 President from 1821 to 1S3G. He was 
 also the founder and endower of the 
 Leake and Watts Orphan House in the 
 City of Xew York. One of his sous. 
 Major Robert ^^'atts, a soldier in the 
 War of 1812, inherited a fortune of a 
 million dollars or more from John 
 George Leake, of Xew York, the testa- 
 tor stipulating that this fortune should 
 be iised in founding an orphan house 
 in case Major Robert Watts pre-de- 
 ceased him. This was not the case. 
 Rut in 1830. INFajor Watts died unmar- 
 ried. His father and heir, John Watts, 
 
 Jr., instead of accepting the Leake's fortune, which thus became his, 
 gave it for the founding of the Leake and Watts Orphan House. The 
 wife of the latter was Jane, daughter of Peter de Lancey, of West- 
 chester County, New York, and granddaughter of Lieutenant-Gover- 
 nor Cadwalader Colden. Another son of Hon. John Watts, Jr.. George 
 Watts, was also a soldier in the Wai- of 1812, distinguishing himself 
 at the battle of Chippewa, and by Ins braven- in saving the life of 
 General Winfield Scott, when the latter was about to be captureil by 
 Indians. One of the daughters of John Watts, Jr., married Pliiliii 
 Kearny, and w^as the mother of Major-General Philip Kearny of the 
 
562 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Civil War. Auuther daughter, Mary Justiua. man-ied the late Hou. 
 Fi-edeiic de Pevster. of this eitv. and had an onlr child — ^the pi'esent 
 Majoi-Genei-al John Watts de Perstev. The latter erected the bronze 
 statue of his grandfather. Hon. John Watts. Jr.. which now stands 
 in Trinity Chvu-chyard. The accompanying cut is fi^Jm a photograph 
 of this statue. 
 
 CUSHMAX. I>oN ALO>>'ZO. engaged in business in Cooperstown. 
 X. Y.. in ISOo. in 1810 removed to Xew York City, organized in 1S15, 
 and became senior partner of the mercantile lirm of Cushman & Fal- 
 coner, subsequently D. A. Cushman & Company, and remained at its 
 head until his retirement in 1S55. From the latter date ttntil his 
 death, in IST.j, he developed his large real estate interests in the sec- 
 tion of the city which had been Chelsea village, established his own 
 residence on Ninth Avenue, opposite the General Theological Semin- 
 ary, and was chieily instrumental in making that section one of the 
 fashionable quarters of Xew York. He was a lineal descendant of 
 Elder Thomas Cushman. of Plymouth Colony: was born in Covington. 
 Ky.. Ortober 1. 1792. and was reared and educated in Otsego County. 
 New York. 
 
 ClSllMAX. E. HOLBKOOK, for many years a merchant in Xew 
 York City, since his retirement from active mercantile pursuits has 
 been occupied in the management of the large city real estate inter- 
 ests inherited from his father, the late Don Alonzo Cushman. He was 
 born in Xew York in lS-32, and is a member of the Xew York Athletic 
 and Mendelssohn Glee clubs. Through his mother he is the grand- 
 son of Peter Ritter. of New York City. The paternal line descends 
 from Robert Cushman, of Kent. England, who chartered the May- 
 flower, was Assistant Governor of the Company of Pilgrims, but re- 
 mained behind to manage the linances in England. He visited Ply- 
 mouth in 1621. but returned to England, and died there in 1625. His 
 only sou, Thomas Cushman. settled at Plymouth, however, married 
 Mary, daughter of Isjiac Alleiton, and in 1649 succeeded Elder Brew- 
 ster as ruling elder of the church. 
 
 BOOTH, EDWIN THOMAS, thnnighout the greater part of his 
 professional life was easily the leading actor in America, while he is 
 generally concedeil to be the foremost figure in the Iustoitt of the 
 American stage. Irving, the famous English actor, is probably the 
 only one of the contemporary trageiliaus who would cause hesitation 
 in according to Booth the supremacy among actors of all nations of 
 his day. The parts which Booth rendered Avith the greatest success, 
 and to which he connneil himself dtiring his later years, were Hamlet, 
 Macbeth. Othello, lago. King Lear. Wolsey. Richard III.. Richelieu. 
 Shylock. Benedick. Petniehio, Richard II.. Bntttis, Benuccio, Ruv 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 563 
 
 Bias, aud Ciesar de Bazau. His first appearance iu New York ("ity 
 was as Wilford, in " The Iron Chest," in the National Theater. Chat- 
 ham Street. September 27, 1850. In the followinii year, and in the 
 same theater, he took the part of Kichard III. for the tirst time, in 
 place of his father, the late Junius Brutus Booth, who had suddenly 
 been taken ill. His rendition of the part, eousiderinii that he was 
 but eighteen years of age at the time, was remarkably successful. 
 His first appearance upon the stage had been at the Boston .Museum, 
 September 10, 1S19. -where he took the part of Tressil in Shakespeare's 
 "Richard III.," as a member of his fathers company. From 18.52 to 
 185G he played in California and Australia, attracting mucli atten- 
 tion by his personations of Kichard III.. Hamlet. Macbeth, and Shy- 
 lock. In 1856 he also appeared in Baltimore and other Southern 
 cities. But his success in Boston, 
 where he appeared as Sir Giles 
 Overreach iu " A Xew Way to Bay 
 Old Debts," in April, 1857, marked 
 the real recognition by the public 
 that a new star had arisen upon 
 the theatrical horizon. He again 
 presented " Eichard III." in New 
 York, May 14, 1857, at Burton's 
 ^Metropolitan Theater, while he aj)- 
 peared at the same place iu his va 
 rioiis riMes in the following August, 
 firmly establishing his reputation 
 as a coming man. In 1860 and 
 1861 he was favorably receiveil in 
 London, Liverpool, and Manchester, 
 where he appeared as Sir Giles 
 Overreach. Shylock. and Richelieu. 
 From December 26. 1862. to Mai'ch 
 2;^. 1867, he was associated with 
 
 his brother-in-law, John S. Clarke, and another, in the management 
 of the Winter Garden Theater in Xew York City, formerly Burton's 
 Metropolitan Theater. Here he presented the most brilliant per- 
 formances of the great tragedies of Shakespeare aud others which 
 this city had witnessed. His run of " Hamlet '' for one hundred 
 consecutive nights, then unparalleled, won for him the presentation 
 of a gold medal by a ntimber of the most prominent citizens of the 
 city. In 1864 he appeared as Romeo iu " Romeo and Juliet " for the 
 benefit of a momiment to Shakespeare in Central Park. While the 
 assassination of Lincoln drove Booth from the stage for a short time, 
 ■ — a retirement which he intended should be permanent, — the mani- 
 festation of public sympathy, coupled with the fact that the manage- 
 
 KI)\VIN TI1UM.\S BOOTH. 
 
564 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 uieut of the theater ceased lu be pioJitable during his absence from 
 tlie footlights, constrained him to resume. But in March, 1867, the 
 house was destroyed by tire. In IStio, Booth and liis colleagues had 
 also assumed the management of the ^Valnut Street Theater of Phila- 
 delphia, which they continued to control until March, 1870. In the 
 spring of 18G8 the erection of a new theater was begun in New York 
 City, at the southeast corner of Twenty-third Street and Sixth Ave- 
 nue, while on February 3, 1809, Booth opened the house with a pro- 
 duction of " Eomeo and Juliet." This hottse, known as Booth's The- 
 ater, was managed by the great actor until the spring of 1874, and 
 by others, until it was torn down in 1882. A series of brilliant sea- 
 sons marked Booth's control, his stock company containing many dis- 
 tinguished actors, including Lawrence Barrett. While the receipts 
 wonld have made a fortune for a manager with btisiuess ability, Booth 
 was not an economical financier, and actually became bankrupt. In 
 1870 he made a triumiihal tour of the Southern and Western States, 
 and in 1880 and ISS'2 made visits to England, meeting with recognition. 
 In the latter year he also visited Germany, and was enthusiastically 
 received. An edition of his favorite plays, adapted for stage use 
 by himself, was published in fifteen volumes (Boston, 1877-78), 
 William Winter contributing introductions and notes. It is well 
 known that the clubhotise of the Players' Club of this city, facing 
 Gramercy Park, was a gift from I>ooth to the Club. While thus 
 peculiarly identified wiili New York City, Edwin Booth was born 
 in Bel Air, ]\Id., November 13, 1833. The son of the gifted but eccen- 
 tric .Tunius Brutus Pxioth, he was the grandson of KicJiard Booth, 
 a silversinitli of I'doomsbury, I'vUgland. His niothei-, .Mary Ann 
 Holmes, was also a native of I>nglan<l. The eccentiic character of 
 tli(^ father, which was per])etuate(l and exaggerated so sadly in the 
 case of Jolin \\ilkes Bootli, iimloiibtedly was largely responsible for 
 the peculiarly sensitive and gloomy s])irit of Edwin Bootli. And 
 there was much in the career of the latter, which was too well cal- 
 culated to deepen this oppression of mind and heart. The partial 
 insanity and intemperance of his father cast its shadow. His first 
 wife. Miss Mary Devlin, of Troy, X. Y., whom he married .Tuly 7, 1800, 
 died i'ebruary 21, 1803. By her lie had his daughter and only child, 
 lOdwina, born in Eiiglaiid, Decembei- 0, 1801. A still more a]>]talling 
 blow \\as the assassination of Lincoln by his brother. Under this 
 stroke lie wouhl have abandoned tlie stage, had not financial neces- 
 sity forced him to continue. ( >ii .luiir 7, ISO!), he married ^Miss Mary 
 M(Y'icker, daughter of a .Mr. IJiiniiion and stepdaughter of James 
 II. .McVicker, the actor and tlieatrical manager of Chicago. She 
 died in 1881, without issue. The degree in which the tragedy in his 
 own life contributed toward Booth's success in inteinireting tragedy 
 u])on the stage it is difiictilt to determine. Investigation on this 
 point would afford a tlieme of interesting, if painful, study. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 565 
 
 LITTLE. .TOBEPH JAMEB. head of the large printini; cstahlish- 
 meut of J. J. Little & Com]iauy, which he fduiided in 1807, has been 
 prominent in public life. He was among the one hundred represen- 
 tative men of the city designated by Mayor Grace in 1885 to receive 
 the remains of General Grant at Albany and accompany them to 
 their resting place at Riverside. He was a member of the original 
 committee to raise funds for the ( irant monument. He was one of the 
 appointees of Mayor Grant in 1881) to collect funds for the Johnstown 
 sufferers. He was one of the New York Committee on the World's 
 Fair. Appointed a member of th<' Board of Education, he did etticient 
 work toward securing improvements in the schoolhouses in process 
 of erection in the city. Eesigniug from the Board to take the seat in 
 Congress to which he had been elected in 1891, his fellow-commis- 
 sioners tendered him a dinner, an honor tlien without a precedent in 
 this body. His election to Congress was renutrkable in the fact that 
 although four candidates were in the held, he received nearly sixty 
 per cent, (d' the total vote. Born in Bristol, England, June 5. 1841, 
 brought to the Ignited States in 1846, his parents settling in Morris, 
 Otsego County, N. Y. He was early apprenticed to learn the printer's 
 trade, and soon after serving his time came to New York City, April 
 1, 1859. He soon became a foreman, and accunuilatcd enough to start 
 for himself in a modest way in 18G7. He is a Trustee of the Amer- 
 ican Institute and a Director of the Astor Place Bank, as well as 
 [•resident and Treasurer of J. J. Little & Company. Called out with 
 the militia in the Civil War for three summer campaigns in defense of 
 A\'ashi7igton, he rose to the rank of First Lieutenant. He was re-ap- 
 ].oiul(Ml to the Board of Education by :\Liyor ^'au Wyck, and elected its 
 President. 
 
 ADLEIv, FELIX, author, moralist, pliilosopiier, and Oriental 
 scholar, was Professor of Hebrew and Oriental Literature at Cornell 
 University from 1874 to 187G, and in the latter year founded in 
 New York City the Society of Ethical Culture, before which he 
 has been a weekly lecturer' since. His philosophy is stated in his 
 "Creed and Deed," and in frequent contributions to periodical litera- 
 ture. Born in Alzey, Germany, August 13. 1851, he is the son of a 
 Hebrew rabbi, by whom he was early brought to New Y^ork. After 
 bis graduation from Columbia College in 1870, Professor Adler studied 
 in Germany, at Berlin and Heidelberg, attaining the degree of Doctor 
 of Philosophy. 
 
 HOAGLAND. CORNELIUS NEVIUS, long a successful i)hysician 
 and surgeon, was President of the Cleveland Baking Powdi r ( 'omi.any, 
 and was a director of the Associated Manufacturers' :\[utnal I'iic In- 
 surance Corporation, the Peo]de's Trust Company of Brooklyn, 1 he i:di- 
 son Electric Illuminating Company of Brooklyn, and oilier cor|.ora- 
 
oGG 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 tioiis, ;ui(l ;i liusicc of tlii^ Dime Saviii<is Bauk of Brooklyu. At a cost 
 of 1100,000 he elected, in 1S87, the Hoagiand Laboratory of Broolc- 
 lyii. •' for the jmriiose of oriiiiiial research iu the higher branches of 
 medical science." at the same time establishing a •'ifoO.OOO endow- 
 ment fund, lie was a Begent of the Long Island Hospital College, was 
 a fellow of the Boyal ilicroscopical Society of London, a life-fellow of 
 the American Geographical Society of New York, and a life-member 
 of both the NewYork Genealogical and Biographical Society, and the 
 Long Island Historical Society, lie Avas a trustee of Syracuse Uni- 
 versity and of Antioch College of Ohio. He was a member of the Cres- 
 cent, Hamilton, and Tuion League clubs of Brooklyu. and the Ful- 
 ton and Adirondack League clubs, the Downtown Association, and 
 the Ohio Society of New York City. He was boru iu Hillsborough. 
 Somei-set County. X. -L. XoTember 28, 1S2S, aud at the age of nine 
 
 accompanied his father to Miami 
 County, Ohio. Here he prepared 
 for college under private tuition, 
 studied medicine under a promi- 
 nent local physician, attended the 
 Sr;irling Medical College at Colum- 
 bus, Ohio, aud in 1852 was gradii- 
 ated from the Medical School of 
 the AVestern Beserve University, 
 at Cleveland, Ohio. He practiced 
 medicine in Miami County, Ohio, 
 for some time. In 1854 he was 
 elected Auditor of that county, and 
 in 185() was re-elected. L^pon the 
 o]iening of the Civil War he be- 
 came First Lieutenant of Company 
 H of the Eleventh Ohio Volunteer 
 Infantry, but in October, 1801, was 
 appointed Surgeon of the Seventy- 
 first Ohio, aud so remained until 
 the close of the war. He campaigned through Tennessee, Ge(U'gia, 
 Alabama, and Texas, iiarticipating in the battles of I'ittsburgh Land- 
 ing. Atlanta. Franklin, and Xasliville. During the battle of Xash- 
 ville In- was wounded in the breast. He served on the staff of both 
 Jirigade and Division Commanders, and often had complete charge 
 of the field hospitals. He was a member of the Military Order of the 
 Loyal Legion. With his brother, Joseph C. Hoagiand,' he purchased 
 in 1860 a drugstore at Fort Wayne, lud., where they began to sell 
 baking powder by the ounce. This was the beginning of the Boyal 
 Baking Powder Company, of which they were the founders. A man- 
 ufactory was established in Chicago, which Joseph C. Hoagiand di- 
 rected, while Dr. Hoagiand assumed the business management in 
 
 COKNKLIVS XEVIIS HO.\(iI.AXI). 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 567 
 
 Xew York City. In 1S7G the latter sold out his iuterest in the Royal 
 Baking Towder Company, retiring- from business. In 188!), however, 
 he became President of the Cleveland Baking Powder Company, hav- 
 ing aeijuired the corporation from its former owners. He quadrupled 
 its business. On August 10, 1852, he married Eliza E., daughter of 
 the late Judge David H. Morris, of Ohio, and had three daughters, who 
 survive him. Dr. IToagland was himself the grandson of Dr. Isaac 
 Hoaglaud, who became a surgeon in the United States Army in 1796, 
 and was great-grandson of Hon. Christopher Hoagland, a Justice of the 
 Peace of Somerset C(Minty, New Jers("y, and a Member of the New 
 Jersey Legislature. Through his father he was in the seventh genera- 
 tion from Cristoffel Hoaglandt, who, born in Holland in 1634, and 
 coming to New Amsterdam as a youth, became a successful merchant 
 of New York City, and subsequently acquired a large estate in Som- 
 erset County, New Jersey, where he died in 1684. He mari-ied Cather- 
 ine, daughter of Hon. Martin Creiger. one of the " Great Citizens " of 
 New Amsterdam, where he was one of the earliest Burgomasters and 
 a Captain of Militia. Through his mother Dr. Hoagland was in the 
 sixth generation from Dirck Jansen Hoagland, who arrived in New 
 Amsterdam from Holland in 1657. Dr. Hoagland died in 1898. 
 
 VAN PELT, DANIEL, clergyman of the Dutch Peformed Church 
 and liistorical writer, was born in Holland in 1853. and when about 
 twelve years of age was brought to New York City by liis parents. 
 In 1874 he was graduated from the College of the City of New York, 
 while, in 1877, he was graduated from the 
 New Brunswick Theological Seminary, re- 
 ceiving the degree of Doctor of Divinity. 
 He was pastor of several churclu-s, but has 
 since given up pastoral work to devote him- 
 self to literature. He has especially distin- 
 guished himself as a historical student and 
 writer, and in connection with the history 
 of New York City. Much original investi- 
 gation was done during sevei-al years' resi- 
 dence at The Hague as Secretary of the 
 American Legation. Upon him devolved 
 the burden of the actual editorial work in 
 the preparation of tin' notable .Memorial 
 HistoiT of the <;ity of New York, while he 
 was the author of many of the historical 
 
 monographs whicli it contained, to some of wliicii Jiis name was at- 
 tached. He is the author of Volumes L and II. of tiie present work. 
 He is a member of the editorial corps of the " History of New York : 
 the Empire State in Three Centuries," now being com]iiled. 
 
 ll.VXIEL VAX PELT. 
 
568 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 WALL, WILLIA31. fouudcr, iu 18oU, of the extensive cordage man- 
 iifactoiy of Brooklyn which has since been conducted under his name 
 or that of his sous and grandsons. Avas also iiroininent in public life. 
 While he resided in Xew York City in his later years, during an 
 earlier period his residence was in Williamsburgh. He held such 
 positions during tlic corporate history of Williamsburgh as Trustee, 
 Commissioner of Highways. Hupervisor, Member of the Board of Fi- 
 nance, Commissioner of Waterworks, and Mayor, being elected to the 
 latter offloe in 18.")3. He refused a uoiiiiurttion as Mayor of Brooklyn, 
 after the incorporation of Williamsburgh with Brooklyn, but in ISCO 
 was elected to Congress. In 18(36 he was a Delegate to the Loyalists' 
 Convention. He was an Incorporator of the Williamsburgh Savings 
 Bank, and long its President; was an Incorporator of the Williams- 
 burgh City Bank, now the First National of Williamsburgh. and a 
 fotinder of the AA'illiainsburgli Dispensary. For seven years he was a 
 Water Comuiissiouer of Brooklyn. He was born in Philadelphia. 
 Mill! li 20. 1800. the son of a ship's officer, who died when he was an 
 infant. Learning ropemaking. with his mother's brother, he came 
 to Xew York, worked at his trade for a while, and iu 1830 established 
 himself in the business in Brooklyn. His oldest son becoming his paii;- 
 ner. the firm style of William Wall X- ^^on was adopted, followed by 
 that of William Wall ^V: Sons, when the second son was admitted. Al- 
 though Mr. Wall's death did not occur until April 22. 1872, he retired 
 in ^>iT)(\. leaving the business in the hands of his sons — Charles. Will- 
 iam. Jr.. Michael \\'.. and Frank T.. all of whom eventually became 
 partners. 
 
 WALL, CHAKLES, eldest son of the late Hon. William Wall, 
 and his successor as head of the firm of William Wall & Sons, was 
 born in Brooklyn in 1828. He attended the Brooklyn public schools. 
 Swinburne's Academy. White Plains. N. Y.. and for two years studied 
 in Europe. In 1850, at the age of twenty-two. he became his father's 
 pai'tner under the style of William Wall & Son. which became Will- 
 iam Wall & Sons when his brother, William, Jr., entered the firm. 
 Upon the retirement of his father in 18.">r) the firm style was changed 
 again to William Wall's Sons, and of this fimi he remained the head 
 until his death in 1879. He invented considerable machinery now 
 used in the manufacture of cordage. He married Eliza, daughter of 
 the late Evander Berry, of Brooklyn. E. Berry ^^'all. of Xew Y'ork 
 City, is their son. 
 
 WALL. MICHAEL W.. in 1879 succeeded his brother Charles as 
 head of the firm of William Wall's Sons, cordage manufacturers. 
 He was the third son of the late Hon. William Wall, the second son. 
 William Wall. Jr.. having died prior to 1870. Michael W. was born 
 in Brooklyn in 18.39. and entered the employ of his brothers as clerk 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 569 
 
 in 185G, subsequently becomiu<;- a partner. A Lieutenant in the Eiglitli 
 New York National Guard, he went to the front with his reiiiment 
 during- the Civil War, and was promoted to the rank of Captain. He 
 had large real estate interests in Brooklyn, and was long an officer 
 of the New Yorlc and Brooklyn Ferry Company. He resido<l in New 
 York. 
 
 BISSELL, ARTHUR F., who lias been engaged in manufacturing 
 in New York City since 1S03, and is now Treasurer of the Stamford 
 Manufacturing Company, was graduated from the New York College 
 of Physicians and Surgeons in 1848, and from that date until 18^3 
 successfully practiced medicine at Toledo, Ohio. He was born in 
 Genesee, N. Y., in June, 182(), and is the son of the late Edward Bis- 
 sell, and seventh in descent from John Bissell, a French Huguenot, 
 who arrived in Plymoutli in 1628, and subsccjuently became one of 
 the founders of Windsor, Conn. He is also descended from Henry 
 Wolcott, wlio settled in Windsor, Conn., in 1030, and is the ancestor 
 of Hon. Roger Wolcott, Hon. Oliver Wolcott, and Hon. Oliver Wol- 
 cott, Jr., all governors of Connecticut. 3Ir. Bissell's father was a 
 notable manufacturer and merchant of Lockport, N. Y., where he had 
 several mills, while, in 1832, lie removed to Toledo, Ohio, where he was 
 one of the founders of that city and the constructor of its first rail- 
 road, the Toledo and Kalamazoo. In 18.">1, Dr. Bissell married Anna 
 E., daughter of Judge Nehemiah Browne, of Rye, N. Y., and descended 
 from Thomas Browne, who, in 1064, imposed tiie name of Rye upon 
 the Westchester County village, in honor of his native place of that 
 name in Sussex, England. Througli him siie descends from Sir An- 
 thony Browne, standard bearer of England in the time of Henry YII. 
 
 SOl'ER, ARTHFR WILLJA.M, having been engaged as a railroad 
 executive from 1858 to 1881, in tlie latter year established himself in 
 business in New York City, managing interests in connection with 
 railroads which rapidly grew to large proportions. In 1887 he or- 
 ganized the Safety Car Heating and Lighting Company of New York 
 City, and has since been its President. He is also President of the 
 Pintsch Compressing Company, and a director of the American Air 
 Power Company, the Standard Coupler Company, the Wheeling and 
 Lake Erie Railway Company, tlie Sackett Wall Board Company, and 
 the American ^lutoscope Comjiany. He is a. member of tlie rnion 
 League, New York, City, Lotus, Engineers", Republican, Lawyers', 
 New York Yacht, and Atlantic Yaciit clubs. He marrieil, in 1871, 
 Hettie M., daughter of Samuel W.-irdwell, of Rome, N. Y., and has a 
 daughter. He was himself born in Rome, N. Y., July 16, 1838, the son 
 of Albert Soper and Esther Faniuharson, of English and Scotch de- 
 scent. The Soper family has been seated at Iluntinglon. L. I., for 
 two centuries and a half. Philander Soper, grandfatlicr of Mr. Soper, 
 
570 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 einigratod from Lonji Island to Rome, N. Y., iu 1809. Mr. Soper's 
 father built the first plainiiiii; luill at Kome, and established a large 
 lumber business. Itemoviug to Chicago, he organized the Soper Lum- 
 ber Company, with mills in Michigan, and established a trade reach- 
 ing from ^lassachusetts to Colorado. Arthur William Soper, the 
 eldest son, attended the Home Academy, and entered his father's 
 office. In A]iril, 1S."S, lie became clerk in the freight department of 
 
 the Rome, Watertown and Ogdens- 
 
 Inngh Railroad. At the end of 
 
 three rears he became Superintend- 
 
 ; ent's Clerk, two years later became 
 
 passenger conductor, the next year 
 was made Chief Clerk in the Gen- 
 eral Superintendent's office, and 
 three years later becoming Assist- 
 ant Superintendent, held this office 
 for four years. The Superin- 
 tendent, Addison Day, having 
 become Superintendent of tlie St. 
 Louis and Iron Mountain Railway, 
 he inyited Mr. Soper to become 
 Assistant Superintendent of that 
 road. He accepted, removing- to 
 St. Louis. At the end of a year 
 Mr. Day resigned on account of ill 
 health. Mr. Soper succeeded him 
 as General Superintendent, sub- 
 sequently becoming General iFanager of the road. This position he 
 resigned in ISSl and established liimself iu New York. 
 
 ARTHUR WILLIAM SOPEU. 
 
 PETERS, AUGUSTUS WINXIETT, born in St. John, X. B., June 
 10, 1844, came to New York in IStiC and entered the banking and 
 brokerage firm of Rali>li King llollock. lie became a member of the 
 Gold Exchange, and was elected its secretary. Subsequently he be- 
 came a member of the :\liniug Exchange, and in 1872 was elected its 
 chairman, being aninially re-elected until 1897, when he resigned to 
 accept the position of Tresident of the Borough of IManhattan, 
 New York City, to which he was elected for a term of four years 
 iu the fall of 1897. He served until his death, in Januan% 1899. 
 For five years he had been Chairmaji of the General Committee of Tam- 
 many Hall and Sachem in the Columbian Order in the Tammany 
 Society. He was a member of the Old Guard of New York 
 and the Military, New York Athletic, Democratic, and Algonquin 
 clubs. He was educated in the grammar school of St. John, N. ]'>., 
 and prior to coming to New Yoi-k was in the office of the Comptroller 
 of Customs of that city, was in mercantile life, and was Clerk in the 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NJiW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 571 
 
 I'.aiik of New Bi-uu8wi(k. He was the sou of Benjamiu Lester I'eters 
 aud Mary Anue Wiuniett, liis ancestors liavino- been amouii' the loyal- 
 ists of the Eevolutionary period who retired to New Brunswick iiud 
 founded the city of St. John. His fatiier was Mayor of that city and 
 a city maiiistrate. 
 
 WENDELL, JACOB, began his mercantile career in Portsnioutli, 
 N. H., where he was born, July 24, 182tj; subsequently became a niem- 
 bei' of the Boston commission firm of J. 0. llowe & Company, in 18(i;> 
 came to New York City as partner of J. C. Howe & Company, while 
 the firm style became, successively, Wendell, Hutchinson i^ Com- 
 pany, aud Jacob Wendell iK: <"ompany, of both of which companies 
 he was head. In addition In I he woolen commission business he be- 
 came active in connection with real estate, being Vice-President of the 
 New York Beal Estate Association, Vice-1'resideut of the Manhattan 
 Real Estate Association, and a director of the Central Real Estate As- 
 sociation, the Continental Insurance Company, the North British and 
 Mercantile Insurance Conii>any of New York, and the Merchants' Na- 
 tional Bank, of Brooklyn. He is a member of the Metropolitan, 
 Union League, Century, and Wool clubs; the Holland Society, the 
 New England Society, and the New York Historical Society. He 
 married, in ISoi, Mary Bertodi, datighter of N. A. Barrett, of Boston, 
 aud has four sons — Professor Barrett Wendell, of Harvard Univer- 
 sity; Gordon Wendell, in business witli liis father in this city; Evert 
 Janseu Wendell, aud Jacob Wendell. Jr. The son of Jacob AVendell, 
 a merchant, of Portsmoutli. N. H., aud Mehetabel Rindge, daughter 
 of Mark Rogers. ;Mr. ^Veudell descends from Evert Janseu Wendell, 
 who was born in Embden, East Frieslaud, in 1615, immigrated to New 
 Amsterdam in KUO, and married Susanna, daughter of Philip Du 
 Trieux and Susanna de Scheene. 
 
 AVICKES, EL)\\ARD ALLEN, is President of the Broadway aud 
 Seventh Avenue Railroad Company, \''ice-I'resident of the Cataract 
 Construction Company, Second X'icc-President of the Niagara Junc- 
 tion Railway Company, and a dii-cctor of the T(dedo, Canada Southern 
 and Detroit Railway Company, the Alichigan. ^Midland, Canada Kail- 
 road Company, the Canada Southern Bridge Company, the Niagara 
 Development Conijiany, and the Niagara Grand Island I!ri<lge Com- 
 pany. He is a member of tiie :Metropolitan, Union l.<'agiie, and Cni- 
 versity clidis, the New England Society, and the Downtown Associa- 
 tion, as well as of the Williams College Alumni Association, lie is 
 the son of Rev. Tiiomas Scudder Wickes, and was born at ]?allston 
 Spa, N. Y., April 10, 1813. He entered Williams College at sixteen, 
 leaving to accept a commission as Captain in the One Hundred and 
 Fiftieth New York Volunteers, Octoln-r 11, 18t)2. He was detailed 
 to staff duty, accompanied Sherman in the " Marcli to the Sea," and 
 
572 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Avas musteied out as Bl■e^'et Majoi'. His graudfather, Eliplialet 
 ^Vickes, was a prominent lawyer of Queens County, New Yurlv, and 
 served several temis in Congress. His great-grandfather, Thomas 
 "W'ickes, held the rank of ^lajor in the Kevolution, and was a member 
 of the State Legislature. .Air. A\'ickes lineally descends from Thomas 
 A\'eekes, who immigrated to America in 1035, while on his mother's 
 side he descends from ( Governor William Bradford, who came over 
 in the MaA'flower in lt>20. 
 
 JARVIS, SA:\1UEL MILLEK, is a director and Vice-President of 
 the North American Trust Company, and at present is its manager 
 in Cuba; is President of the Cnited States Land Company; is Vice- 
 President of tlie Norllicast IClcctric Paihvay Company, and is a dii'ec- 
 
 tor of the Augusta Railwav and 
 Electric (V)mi3any, the Ottawa Wa- 
 terworks and Light Company, the 
 j/^ttH^ Bear Biver Iriigation and (»gden 
 
 ^MT' -"^ WateiTvorks Company, the Colo- 
 
 JH^ nial Telt-grai)h and (.'able Com- 
 
 ^H^ ^^tk- ^0k pany, and the West Indies Tele- 
 
 V^ x'" i)hone and Telegrajih Company. 
 
 He is a member of the Colonial and 
 Lawyers" clubs of New York and 
 the United States Club of Havana, 
 Cuba. The Noi-th American Trust 
 Comjjany having been made the fis- 
 cal agent and depositary of the 
 United States (lovi'rnment at San- 
 tiago de Cuba, in July, 1898, Mr. 
 •larvis established in that city a 
 branch of the Trust Company, this 
 being the first American banking 
 Institution in Ciiba. Immediately 
 following the assembling of the United States Evacuation Commis- 
 sion at Havana, lie also establislied a branch of the North American 
 Trust Company in that city. He was recently prominent in the or- 
 ganization of the Chamber of Commerce of Havana, and was elected 
 its tirst N'ice-President. In connection with Miss Clara Barton, he was 
 active in the Red Cross work at Santiago and Havana. He was born 
 in McDonough County, Illinois, January 31, 1S53, the son of James 
 Jarvis, merchant and farmer. His jiaternal great-grandfather was 
 the owner of a large i)lantatiou in Virginia in the last century. At 
 the age of twenty 31r. Jarvis settled at ^Viulield, Kan., where he taught 
 school and studied law. In 187(5 he began law ])ractice with Hon. 
 A. J. Pyburn. He soon became financial agent in Kansas for several 
 insurance companies, and in 1878 formed the firm of Jarvis, Conklin 
 
 SAMUEL MILLER .JAU\I> 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 573 
 
 & Comijany. In 1881 this firm removed to Kansas City. Mr. Jarvis 
 orgauized the Fanners' and Drovers' Banlc at Kingman, Kan., in ISSl, 
 becoming its President. He also helped organize the Bank of Colum- 
 bus, Kan., be<'oming its Vice-President. He was one of the incor- 
 porators of the Metropolitan Street Kaihvay Company of Kansas City, 
 lie was one of the organizers of the Land Title Guarantee Company 
 of the same city, and was its President. He has been a director of 
 the New England Safe Deposit and Trust Company. In 1871 he 
 married Miss Priscilla Wear, and has two daughters and a son — Hugh 
 Samuel Jarvis. 
 
 PAKSONS. HOSMEK BUCKINGHAxM, is President of the Ameri- 
 can Railway and Lumber Company, is President of the Jalapa Kail- 
 way and Power Company, is Vice-Pi'esideut of the American Mining 
 Company, is ^'ice-President of the Anaconda Copper Mining Com- 
 pany, is Treasurer of the Baitopilas Mining Company, is Assistant 
 Secretary of Wells, Fargo & Company, and is a director. Secretary, 
 and Cashier of Wells, Fargo & Company's Bank. He is a trustee of 
 the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences, a trustee of the Berkeley 
 Institute of Brooklyn, and a member of the Montauk Club, of Brook- 
 lyn, and tlie Lawyers' Club, of New York, the Sons of the Bevolution 
 and the Society of Colonial ^Vars. From 18(;0 to ]8<)3 he lield mer- 
 cantile and banking clerkships in Wisconsin, Illinois, and Missouri. 
 Since LStU he has been successively with Biittertield's Overland Dis- 
 patch Company, Ben IloUaday, Holladay's Overland Mail Company, 
 and witli Wells, Fargo i^c Company, engaged in overland stage trans- 
 portation, (^xjiress business, and banking business in Kansas, Utah. 
 Montana, ami New York City. He was l)orn in Heuvelton. St. Law- 
 rence County, N. Y'., January (J, ISlC), and was educated at Bipou Col- 
 lege, Wisconsin. He is of English descent, the sou of Rev. BenjaTiiin 
 Booth Parsons, D.I)., LL.D., and Arabella, daughter of Ilosuier Buck- 
 ingham and Lily Snow, and grandson of Plyn Parsons and Tiypliosa 
 Booth. His father was a distinguished clergyman, as was also his 
 uncle, Kev. Charles I'.enjamin I'arsons. D.D.. LL.D. The latter was 
 an eminent tragedian who subsequently Ix'canie a Bishop of the 
 M. E. Church, si.uth. 
 
 RANKINE, WILLIAM BIRCH, is President of the Niagara Falls 
 ^Vater Works C'ompany, President of the Lewiston Connecting Bridge 
 Company, Vice-President of the \"ulcanized I'ibre Comiiany, Vice 
 President of the Niagara Falls and Suspension Bridge Railway Com 
 pany. Secretary anci Treasurer of the Niagara Development C'om- 
 pany, Secretary and Treasurer of the Cataract Construction Comi)any, 
 Secretary and Treasurer of the Niagara Junction Railway Company, 
 Secretary and a director of the Nikola Tesla Company, and a .lirector 
 
574 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 of the Interstate Casualtj Compauy. He was one of tlie incorpora- 
 tors of the Cataract Construction Company. He is a member of the 
 Metropolitan, University, Keforui, Church, Alpha Delta Phi, and Law- 
 yers' clubs, the <-'it3' Bar Association, 8t. Andrew's Society, and the 
 Union College Alumni. He is also a member of the Buffalo Club of 
 Buffalo, and the Todenac Club of Toronto. He attended Canandaigua 
 Academy, Hobart College, and I'nion College; was graduated from 
 the latter in 1S77, and now holds the degree of A.M. from both Union 
 and Hobart. In 1S80 he was admitted to the Xew York bar; from 
 1880 to 1884 was clerk with the law tirm of Vanderpoel, Green & Hen- 
 ning, of this city; from 1884 to 1890 was a member of the lirni of 
 Hawkesworth & llankine, and in 1892 ^\ithdi-ew from general prac- 
 tice, becoming attorney for the Niagara Falls Power Company and 
 the allied corijorations engaged in developing the power of Niagara 
 Falls. Born in Owego, N. Y., January 4, 1858, he is the son of the late 
 eminent Eev. James Rankine, D.D., LL.D., who was successively 
 Professor in Trinity College, Hartford; President of Hobart College, 
 Geneva, X. Y., and Rector of the De Lancey Divinity School, Geneva. 
 His mother was Fanny, daughter of Charles B. Meek, of Canandaigua, 
 N. Y., who came to the United States from Staffordshire, England, in 
 1836. His paternal grandfntlier, John Kankine, of Canandaigua, came 
 from Ayr, Scotland, in 1835, being the sou of a Scottish laird. He 
 also descends from the house of Cochrane, through Grizel, daughter of 
 Sir John Cochrane, of Ochiltree, the second son of the first Earl of 
 Dundonald. 
 
 GEEEXWOOD. ISAAC JOHN, a director of the Ball and Wood 
 Company, was one of the original members of the American Numis- 
 matic and Archfeological Society in 1859, was one of its Incoi^pora- 
 tors in 18(i4. and became its first Mce-President. The son of tlie late 
 Dr. Isaac John Greenwood, and grandson of Dr. John Greenwood, 
 both eminent physicians of this city, he was born here November 15, 
 1833; was graduated from Columbia College in 1853. subsequently 
 receiving the degree of A.M., and studied chemistry under Professor 
 Robert Ogden Doremus, and attended lectures in the New York Medi- 
 cal College. He mai-ried. in 1866, Mary Agnes, daugliter of Joseiih 
 Rudd and Eliza E. Barnes, and has a son — Isaac John Greenwood, Jr. 
 He is a member of the Colonial Club, the Columbia Alumni Associa- 
 tion, the Dunlap Society, the New York ZoiUogical and Botanical Gar- 
 den societies, the New York and Long Island Historical societies, the 
 American GeogTaphical Society, the Linnieus Society, the Sons of the 
 Revolution, the Prince Society of Boston, and other organizations, in- 
 cluding the Buffalo Historical, and the New England Historical and 
 Genealogical societies, of both of which he is Corresponding Member. 
 He is a member of the Grand Consistory of the Dutch Collegiate 
 Church. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 575 
 
 WHEELEli, JEKCBIE BYKON, after a brilliant record as a vdluu- 
 teer during the Ci\il War, obtained a clerical position in New York 
 City in the grain business, and subseiiuently was clerk with Holt .S: 
 Ccnipany, flour and commission merchants. lie Avas rapidly pro- 
 moted until he became a partner in this firm. This association con- 
 tinued until 1878. In 1879 he became executor of The estate of his 
 brcther-in-law, II. M. Valentine, thus becoming connected with the 
 well-known drygoods house of K. II. Macy & Company. He joined 
 the senior partner, Charles B. Webster, in the purchase of the entire 
 bus;ness. In 188S he retired from this firm, having interested himself 
 in mining enterprises. A visit to Aspen, Colo., in 1882, led him to 
 organize the Aspen Mining and Smelting Company, of which he is 
 IM-esident. He is also I'resident of the ('nesus (lold .Miiung and 
 Milling Company. In 1881 lie 
 bought coal lands at Jerome Park, 
 Colo., opened a coal mine, and bull I 
 the most elaborate coke ovens in 
 Colorado. He acquiied interests in 
 the Aspen, Emma, i^par, Yallejo, 
 and Hidden Treasure mines, to- 
 gether with many others. In 188(1 
 he induced the Colorado ^Midland 
 Railway Company to extend its line 
 to Aspen, and became Eirst Vice- 
 President of the comiiauy. He or- 
 ganized the Grand Kiver Coal and 
 Coke Company, owning o.OUO acies 
 of coal lands, and became its Presi- 
 dent. He established the J. P>. 
 Wheeler Banking Company of 
 Aspen, and the J.B. Wheeler Bank 
 ing Company of Manitou. He 
 erected an oi:)era house at Aspen, 
 
 aided in developing the Glenwood hot springs as a resort, and has been 
 active in real estate operations at Colorado Springs, Pueblo, Ogden, 
 and Salt Lake (Mty. He maintains an office in New York City, and 
 is a member of the Union League, Commonwealth, Manhattan, Goethe, 
 and Lawyers' clubs, and the New England Society. He married, in 
 lS7n, Harriet Macy Valentine, of Nantucket, Mass., and has living 
 tn-o daughters. He was himself born in Troy, N. Y., September 3, 
 1811, the son of Daniel Barker Wheeler and M.ivy J. Emi>rson. His 
 ancestors, long established in New England, wen- originally from 
 I'^ngland. His mother belonged to the same branch of the Emerson 
 family as did I{al])h Waldo Emerson. The family liaving moved to 
 ^^'aterford, near Troy, INIr. Wheeler was educated in The schools of 
 Waterford. clerked in a village store and woi'ke(l in a ladory. On 
 
 •JKROMK IIVKON W II F.KI.i: It. 
 
576 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 September 3, 18(.)1, liis tweuty-lirst birthday, he joined the Sixth New 
 Yorlj Cavalry, Company D, and subsequently participated in all the 
 caiiipaiuns of the Potomac, with Sheridan in tlie Shenandoah Valley, 
 and at Gettysburg and Appomattox. He became, successively. Ser- 
 geant in the Quartermaster's Department, Second Lieutenant on the 
 staff of Colonel Devin, Acting Quartermaster of his regiment. Cap- 
 tain, and Brevet Major, and was mustered out with his regiment in 
 September, 18C5. 
 
 BALDWIN, AUSTIN P., is a director of the German-American 
 Insurance Company, is largely interested in steamship and express 
 lines, and has long been a successful importer of wines in New York 
 City, where he was born in 1834. He is a member of the Union League 
 and Mendelssohn Glee clubs, the St. Nicholas Society, and the Down- 
 town Association. He has visited Europe more than thirty times and 
 has also toured Japan. He married Alice Bradford, of Providence, 
 E. I., a lineal descendant of Governor William Bradford and Captain 
 ililes Staiidish, and has a daughter and two sons, Standish Bradford 
 and Arthur Itadcliffe. lie is himself the son of the late Austin Bald- 
 win, of Albanj', and Julia Clarissa, daughter of Colonel John Van 
 Heusen Huyck, of IJhinebeck, N. Y. His father was a prominent Al- 
 bany mei'chant, was Speaker of the New York Assembly, and held 
 other important positions in public life. He is also descended from 
 General ^^'illiam Radcliffe, of the Revolution. 
 
 ANTHONY, KICHAKI) ALLABD, President, since 1S9G, of E. & 
 H. T. Anthony (S: Company, is the son of the late Edward Anthony, 
 one of the founders of the house, and its head from the beginning until 
 his death in 1888. He was born in New York City, May 24, 18G1, at- 
 tended Rutgers College for two years, and in 1881 was graduated 
 from Columbia. He entered the corporation of which his father was 
 President, became its Secretary in 1881, Vice-President in 1888, and 
 President in 1890. He is also a trustee of the United States Savings 
 Bank, and was formerly a director of the Second Avenue Railroad. 
 He is a member of the University and other clubs, the Holland So- 
 ciety, Sons of th<' Revolution, and Columbia Alumni Association. He 
 married, in 1895, Amelia, daughter of Lawrence H. Van Valkeuburgh. 
 
 ADA^tlS, CHARLES HENRY, for some years a resident of New 
 York City, became prominent in public life while residing at Cohoes, 
 N. Y. He was the first Mayor under the charter of that city, and 
 served as President of its "NA'ater Board. He was a member of Gov- 
 ernor Hunt's staff, with the rank of Colonel, in 1851, a member 
 of the Assembly in 1857 and of the Senate in 1872. In the latter year 
 he was a Presidential Elector, and in 1873 was United States Com- 
 missioner to the Vienna Exposition. He was elected to Congress in 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 577 
 
 l.sKi. Ue was born in Coxsackie, N. Y., the son of the late Dr. Henry 
 Adams, and Agnes, daughter of Anthony Egberts. His father was 
 a soldier in the War of 1812, and his maternal grandfather a pay- 
 master in the Kevolntion. He is eighth in lineal descent from 
 Henry Adams, of Braintree, Jfass., in 1034. Bred to the law and 
 practicing for some time, in 1850 lie engaged in woolen manufacture 
 at Cohoes. In 1869 he was elected President of the Bank of Cohoes, 
 of which he had been a director since ISo'J. At present he is a triistee 
 of the Metropolitan Savings Bank of New York City and President 
 of the Mei'cantile Corporation of the United States and Scnith Africa. 
 He is a member of the Metropolitan Club and the St. Nicholas and 
 other societies. He was married, in 1853, to Elizabeth Piatt, of 
 Ehinebeck, N. Y., and in 1877 to Juditii Crittenden Coleman. By his 
 first wife he has a daughter and a son, William Piatt Adams, and 
 by his second wife two daughters. 
 
 SHOEMAKEPv, HENRY F., in 1861 entered the wholesale coal- 
 shii)ping house of Hammet, Van Dusen & Company, of Philadelphia, 
 and within a year or two organized the firm of Shoemaker & Mclntyi'e, 
 in the same line. In 1870 he organized the firm of Fry, Shoemaker 
 .S; Company, engaged in the mining of anthracite coal. In 1877 he 
 became Secretary and Treasurer of the Central Railroad of Minnesota, 
 and in the latter part of that year he removed to New York City, where 
 lie lias since resided. He assisted in the construction of the Rochester 
 State Line Railroad, now the Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburg, in 
 1878, and was largely instrumental in its extension to the coal fiehls 
 of Pennsylvajiia. In 1881 he established the banking house of Shoe- 
 maker, Dillon & Company, making a specialty of large issues of rail- 
 road bonds. With his associates, in 1882, he built the Rochester and 
 Ontario Belt Railway, now part of the Rome, Watertown and Ogdens- 
 biirg Railway. In 1886 he became actively interested in the Wheel- 
 ing and Lake Erie Railroad. The following year he became President 
 (.f 1 lie Mineral Range Railroad. He became one of the principal own- 
 ers of the Cincinnati, Hamilton and Dayton Railroad in 1888, and 
 Chairman of its Executive Committee, a position wiiich he still holds. 
 He is also now President of the Dayton and Union Railroad Com- 
 ](any. President of the Dayton and Ironton Railroad Company, Presi- 
 dent of the Southern Pxmlevard Land and Improvement Company, 
 Vice-President of the Indiana, Decatur and Western Railroad, is a 
 director of the Cincinnati, Hamilioii and Indianapolis Railroad Cora- 
 l)any, tlie Cincinnati, New Oi-h-aiis and Texas Pacific Railroad Com- 
 l)any, and tlie Alaliama Great Sontherii Railroad. Limited, of London, 
 England. He is a director of tlie Cleveland, Lorain and Wheeling 
 Railroad Company, in which, in 1803, he and his associates bought 
 a coiiti'olling interest and made one of the most pros])erous coal-carry- 
 ing roads of Ohio. Anioni; llie mines adjacent to coal-carrying roads 
 
578 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 in which he is interested are the Medvale Goshen, the Superior, and 
 the Cleveland Massillou. He was formerly interested in the mining 
 of bituminous coal in the Kanawha "\'alley, West Virginia. He was 
 at one time a director and large owner of the New Jersey Rubber 
 Shoe Company, now the United States Rubber Company, and is now 
 a trustee of the Mount Hope Cemetery Association. He is a member 
 of the Union League, Lotos, Riverside Yacht, and American Yacht 
 clubs, the Sons of the Revolution, and Lafayette Post, No. 140, Grand 
 Army of the Republic. He married, in 1874, Blanche, daughter of 
 Hon. James ^\. Quiggle, of Philadelphia, at one time United States 
 Consul to Antwerp, and subsequently United States Minister to Bel- 
 gium, and has two sons and a 
 I- daughter. Mr. Shoemaker was 
 
 himself born in Schuylkill County, 
 Pennsylvania, March 28, 1845, the 
 son of John Shoemaker and Mary 
 A. Brock, his ancestors emigrating 
 from Holland to Philadelphia in 
 1683. Both his grandfathers were 
 soldiers in the War of 1812, while 
 his grandfather. Jdhn Shoemaker, 
 was a Revolutionary soldier. Mr. 
 Shoemaker attended the public 
 schools and was graduated from 
 Genesee Seminary, Lima, N. Y. 
 Upon the invasion of Pennsylvania 
 by General Lee in 186.3, he raised 
 a company of miners, and, as their 
 First Lieutenant, took them to 
 Harrisburg. They were mustered 
 into the Federal service as a part 
 of the Twenty-seventh Pennsylvania Volunteers, and served until 
 Lee was beaten at Gettysburg, and retreated south of the Potomac. 
 
 HENRV F. SHOEMAKER. 
 
 BERRIAN, CHARLES ALBERT, has been engaged in the real es- 
 tate business in New York City since 1870, and is especially an expert 
 on realty values in the Twenty-third and Twenty-fourth wards, — the 
 Borough of the Bronx. He subdivided many of the old farms in this 
 section and disposed of them as building lots. During the past five 
 years he has been almost exclusively engaged in making appraisals of 
 property values either for the City of New York or for private owners. 
 His services to the city include the condemnation of property valued 
 at more than |3,000,000 for the Jerome Park Reservoir, as well as 
 properties for the Grand Boulevard and Concourse, the famous ave- 
 nue and driveway projected on a scale surpassing anything existing 
 in any other city in the world. He has been a member of the Repub- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 579 
 
 lican County Committee of New York County, and frequently Lias been 
 a delegate to county, city, and State conventions. He was a member 
 of the State Convention which nominated Governor Morton, and of 
 the City Convention which nominated Mayor Strong. He held the 
 office of United States Custom House Auctioneer under President 
 Harrison, and now holds it again under appointment by President 
 McKinley. He was for three years Secretary of the Fordham Club, 
 and is now a member of its Executive Committee. He is also a mem- 
 ber of the Suburban and Union Kepublican clubs, the North Side 
 Board of Trade, and the Auctioneers' Association of the City of New 
 York. He was born in New York City, January 30, 1845, the son of the 
 late Philip H. Berrian and Phebe, daughter of Captain John Marshall. 
 His father, who was long engaged in the real estate business in New 
 York Citj', was a resident of Fordham, as was his grandfather, Charles 
 Berrian. The first of his ancestors to settle at Fordham, Nicholas 
 Berrian, was one of the sons of Cornelius Berrian, who, in 1727, bought 
 Berrien Island. He was the sou, in turn, of John Berrien and Buth 
 Edsall, and "randsou of Cornells Jansen Berrien and Januetie StiT- 
 ker. The family is of French Huguenot antecedents, hailing from Ber- 
 rien, Department of Finisterre, France. They were driven to Holland 
 by religious persecution, and from the latter country Cornells Jansen 
 Berrien immigrated to New Amsterdam, settling in Flatliush, L. I., as 
 early as 1G09. He was Deacon and Town Official, and in 1US3 Commis- 
 sioner to levy a special tax by appointment of the New York Colonial 
 Assembly. Mr. Charles A. Berrian was educated in the public scliools 
 and at Farnbam Preparatory Institute, Beverly, N. J. He became 
 clerk in a banking house in New York City, and for several years Avas 
 Secretary of the Ashburton Coal Company. During the next three 
 years he held the office of Deputy County Clerk of Suil'olk County, 
 New York. He was married, January 30, 1SG7, to Susan Almy, daugh- 
 ter of Stephen C. Sogers, of Huntington, L. I., where the family had 
 been seated for many generations. IMr. Kogers was for seventeen 
 years Supervisor of his town, and for three years County Clerk of 
 Suffolk County, New York. ]Mr. and Mrs. Beman have two daughters. 
 
 BENEDICT, HENRY HARPER, President of Wyckoff, Seamans 
 & Benedict, manufacturers of the Remington Typewriter, was bora 
 in German Flats, N. Y., October 9, 184-1, the son of Micaiah Benedict, 
 great-great-grandson of John Benedict, Captain of the militia of Dau- 
 bury. Conn., and member of the Colonial Legislature, and is lineally 
 descended from Thomas Benedict, who arrived in New England from 
 Nottinghamshire in 1038. He was graduated from Hamilton College 
 in 1869, during his course having served as Professor of Latin and 
 Mathematics in Fairfield Seminary, New York. He accepted a con- 
 fidential position in the large manufacturing establishment of E. Rem- 
 ington & Sons, of Ilion, N. Y., and presently became a director of the 
 
580 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 corporntioii of l;('llli^^to^ & i^ous, and at tlii' 8aiue time Treasurer of 
 the IJciniii^roii Sewing ]\Iacliiue ('ompauy. Tlie rights in the Reming- 
 ton Typewriter liaving been acquired by Edward G. Wyelcoff and Clar- 
 ence \y. Seamans, in 1882 lie joined tliem in New Yorlc ( 'ity as a mem- 
 ber of tlie tirm of Wycl^off, Senmans cV: Benedict. Active as the Business 
 Manager and in charge of tlie foreign interests of the company, he is 
 now its President. lie is a member of the Fifth Avenue Presbyterian 
 Church, a trustee of Hamilton College, and the Brooklyn Institute of 
 Arts and Sciences, a member of the Cnion League, Grolier, Delta 
 Kapjia Epsilon, and Republican clubs of this city, of the Hamilton 
 and Kidiug and Driving ( lubs, and Long Island Historical Society of 
 Brooklyn. While a resident of Ilion he was President of its Literary 
 Association and the Herkimer County Bible Society, and Treasurer, 
 a trustee and an elder of the First Presbyterian Church, Avhicli he 
 was active in founding. 
 
 BARRON, JOHN COXXIOK, while he was graduated from Yale in 
 1858, and from the New York College of Physicians and Surgeons in 
 18G1, has not followed his juofession since tlie close of the Civil War, 
 but has engaged in important financial enteriirises. He offered his 
 services to the Government, however, in April, 1861, and rose to the 
 rank of full Siirgeon of the Sixty-nintli New York. Subsequently he 
 was appointed Surgeon-General, with the rank of ('olonel, of the First 
 Division of the National Guard of this State, on the staff of Major- 
 General Slialer, wiiile, from 1803 to 1871, he was Surgeon of the Sev- 
 enth Ifegiment. He traveled abroad extensively after the war, and 
 then occupied liimself with business enterprises in this city. He has 
 been President of the Kentucky Coal. Iron and Development Com- 
 pany, and sustained the same relation to the L. C. Ranch and Cattle 
 Company, and the Gila Farm Company. He is now President of the 
 Carjienti'r Steel Comjiaiiy and a dii-ector of tlie Pacific Company and 
 the United New York Railroad and <_'anal Companies. He has been 
 Vice-Commodore of the Atlantic Yacht Club, Rear-Commodore of the 
 Seawanhaka-Coriutliian Yacht Club, and Rear-Commodore of the 
 New Y'ork Y'acht Club, wliile he is now \'ice-Commodore of the 
 Hudson River Ice Yacht Club. He is also a member of the LTnion, 
 Fnion League, and several shooting (dubs. The match of his ^^'ave 
 witii the Scotch cutter, Madge, was the first instance of international 
 cutter-racing. He built the Athlon and acquired the English cuttei', 
 Clara. He was born in Woodbridge, N. J., in 1837, the son of tlie late 
 John Barron and .Mary, daughter of C(donel Ricliard Conner, of Staten 
 Island, a Revolutionary soldier and member of the New Y'ork Provin- 
 cial Congress of 1775. He is lineally descended from Ellis Bari-on, 
 wiio was made Freeman of Watertown, Mass., June 2, 1(;41, having 
 emigrated from Burnchur<li County, Waterford, Ireland, wliere liis 
 family for nianv lienerations liad been seated as '''Barons of Burn- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 )81 
 
 chiircli." ]>r. Barron married, in 1809, Harriet, (]any;liter of Kev. 
 Alliert Williams, of San I'^ranciseo, and has a dauyhtei- and lliree sons 
 — Thomas, Carlisle Norris, and -Tohn Connei-, -li'. 
 
 ADAMS, JJEXKY IIEIISCIIKL, liavin.!; risen to eminence in the 
 commercial and financial circles of Cleveland, Ohio, has achieved a 
 like sticcess in NeAV York City, whither he removed in 1882. He has 
 been President of the C(dnnibns and Hocking Coal and Iron Com- 
 pany since 18'JO, as also of the Henry H. Adams Iron Company since 
 1891, and is Pi-esident of th(^ r>i-ooklyn and IJockaway Beach Ifailroad 
 Company. He is Treasurer of the Advisory Board of the New York 
 Board of Education, a member of the New York Board of Ti-ade and 
 Transportation, and of the New York 
 Metal Exchaniie, and is command- 
 er of Lafayette Tost, (!. A. K. Born 
 in Collamer, Ohio, July 9, 1844, he 
 is lineally descended from Henry 
 Adams, who settled at Braiutree, 
 Mass., in l(io4. His grandfather. 
 Benoni Adams, was a Bevolutionary 
 soldier, and his father, Lowell L. 
 Adams, a soldier in the ^Yar of 1812. 
 His mother, Hei)zibali Thayer, was a 
 well-known anti-slavery agitator and 
 writer i>rior to the Civil War. Hav- 
 ing received aji academic education, 
 he enlisted at the age of seventeen 
 and served throughout the Civil War, 
 participating in many liattles, and in 
 1864 suftering ca])ture by General 
 Forrest, and incarceration in a Con- 
 federate prison. In 18(17 he success- 
 fully engag<'d in the ii-on business in 
 Cleveland, (thio, also owning vessels in the iron ore and grain trade on 
 the lakes. He was a member of the Board of Trade of ( 'levehind, and 
 of its Board of Education. A delegate to the I'.ostoii " I'ree Ship"' 
 Convention of 1881, he was a member of its coiumittee wiiidi appcai'cd 
 before a Fnited States Seiiati' committee. 
 
 HKNKY HKUSCHKI. AKAMS. 
 
 BEACH, JOHN N., has been engaged in the wholesale drygoods 
 business in New York City since 18r;7, fi-oni that year to 1S72 being 
 a memb.M- of the firm of P. Vau Volkenbnrg & Cdnuiany; from 1S72 
 to 1879 a member <d' that of Yan Volkenbnrg, Beach .^ Company; 
 while since 1879 he lias been a member of the well-known house of 
 Tefft, A\'(dler & Comiiany. He has been President of the Drygoods 
 Chronicle I'nldishim: .\ss(.ciati(tn, Vice-Pn-sidcni of tlic .Mcnaiiiile 
 
582 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Accident lusunuice Society, and a director of tlie Hamilton Loan and 
 Trust Company, and is now a member of tlie Chamber of Commerce, 
 a trustee of Hamilton College, a trustee of Adelplii College, Brooklyn; 
 an officer of Lafayette Avenue Presbyterian Church, Brooklyn, and a 
 member of the Merchants' Club, of New York. He married, in 1870, 
 Mary Linette, daughter of Elisha Nelson, of Cold Spring, N. Y., and 
 has several children. The eldest son died in 1893, during his senior 
 year at Hamilton College, and Mr. Beach has erected upon the grounds 
 of Hamilton College a memorial arbor of stone. Born in Lodi, N. Y., 
 August 1, 1837, Mr. Beach is the son of the late George Clinton Beach 
 and Mary Ann, daughter of Colonel Rynear Covert, of Seneca County, 
 New York. His father was successively a teacher, a farmer, and a 
 merchant. Mr. Beach attended the public schools, Ovid Academy, 
 and Hamilton College, from the latter receiving the degree of A.M. in 
 January, 1893. For some time prior to his removal to New York City 
 in 1807, he was successfully engaged in tlie retail drygoods business 
 at Watkins, N. Y. 
 
 COLES, EDWIN SANDS, was long active in financial circles in 
 New York City, being a prominent stockbroker, member of the New 
 York Stock Exchange, and for more than thirty years Secretary of the 
 Stock Exchange Building Company. He was born at Dosoris, L. I., 
 in 1828, and died in 189(5, having been a member of various ])rominent 
 clubs, and the St. Nicholas and otlier societies. He was the son of 
 Butler Coles and the grandson of General Nathaniel Coles, while also 
 descended from Robert Coles, who came from Suffolk, England, to 
 Massachusetts in 1030. His son, Nathaniel, was one of the first 
 settlers of Oyster Bay, L. I., and the family estates there and at Do- 
 soris are still held by the family. Mr. Coles is survived by his 
 widow, Sarah, daughter of Dr. Charles De Kay Townseud and Maria 
 i'^inda ; by one son, Walter Ilcr.i-y ( "olcs, and by two daughters. 
 
 DODGE, GRENA'ILLE if., eminent alike as a civil engineer, a 
 s(ddier, and a railroad financier, is now President of the l^)rt Worth 
 and Denver Railway Company, President of the Love Electric Trac- 
 tion Company, and a director of the Union Pacific Railway Company, 
 the Wichita YaUey Railway, the India Wharf Brewing Company, 
 and the American Mutoscope Company. During the period between 
 his graduation in 1851 as a civil engineer from the Military Univer- 
 sity of Norwich, Yt., and the beginning of the Civil War, he resided in 
 Illinois, and was Assistant Engineer in the construction of the Chi- 
 cago and Rock Island and other Illinois and Iowa railroads. At the 
 close of the war he became Cliief Engineer in charge of the con- 
 struction of the Union Pacific Railroad. He has been conspicuous 
 hoth in the building and the operation of tlie Texas and Pacific, the 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 583 
 
 Missouri, Kansas aud Texas, tlie International and Great Nortliern, 
 and tlie Fort Wortli and Denver railroads. Captain of the < 'ounoil 
 Bluffs Guards when the Civil War be^an, he was appointed Aid to the 
 Governor of Iowa, with rank of Lieutenant-Colonel, aud having 
 organized the Fourth Iowa and Dodge Battery, joined Fremont at 
 St. Louis with these forces in July, ISGl. In command of a brigade 
 In January, 1S62, he led the advance in the capture of Springfield, 
 Mo., and participated at Sugar Creek and Blackburn's Mills. His 
 gallantry at Pea Kidge won for him the commission of Brigadier- 
 General of Volunteers. Having supervised the rebuilding of the 
 Mobile and Ohio Bailroad, he was given command of the Central Divi- 
 sion of Mississippi, and won several battles, capturing General Faulk- 
 ner and his army near Island No. 10. As commander of the Second 
 Division, Army of the Tennessee, he defeated General Forest in 18(53. 
 Throughout the Atlanta campaign he commanded the Sixteenth 
 Corps under Sherman, participating in all the important actions and 
 bearing the brunt of the battle of Atlanta. A severe wound received 
 soon after the latter engagement prevented him from accompanying 
 the march to the sea, but he was commissioned Major-General of Vol- 
 unteers in command of the Department of Missouri in ISGl. The 
 following year he commanded the forces in Kansas and the territo- 
 ries. Returning to civil life, lie was in 1SG« elected to the 3i»th 
 Congress from the Fifth District of Iowa. He has long resided in 
 New Yorlc City, and is a member of the Union League aud United 
 Service clubs, and the New England Society. He was Chief Marshal 
 of the procession at the dedication of the Grant ilausoleum in River- 
 side Park in April, 1807. He is President of tli<' Soeiety of the Army 
 of the Tennessee. He is also Chairman of the committee to erect 
 a statue to General Sherman. I ii 1898 he was ap])ointe(l by President 
 McKinley a member of the War Investigating Commission, aud Avas 
 elected President of the Commission. Born in Danvers, Mass., April 
 12, 1831, he is the son of Sylvanus Dodge and Julia F. Pliilips; is 
 grandson of Captain Solomon Dodge, of Rowley, Mass., and lineally 
 descended from a settler of Salem, T\Iass., in 1629. 
 
 DAVIDSON, MATHIAS OLIVER, the distinguished civil engineer, 
 resided in New York City, and was engaged upon various munic- 
 ipal works. He was active in the construction of the Croton Aque- 
 duct, and subsequently, from 1870 to 1872. laid out the avenues wliich 
 cross the upper portion of the city. He opened the coal regions of 
 Western Maryland, took charge of railroad construction in the ishmd 
 of Cuba in 18.">G, and was occupied from 18G.~) to 1870 in building the 
 New Haven and Derby Railroad. Employed upon important public 
 works in Mexico under the Emperor Maximilian, he was offered the 
 title of :\lar(iuis by the latter, but never assumed it. He was the son 
 of Dr. Oliver Davidson, of Plattsburg, N. Y.. and Margaret, daughter 
 
584 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER XEW YORK. 
 
 ■of Dr. Miitliias IJuruet Miller, of Utica. an<l .sister of .Ju(li;e Morris S. 
 Miller, and was sixth in descent from Xieliolns Davidson, who came 
 frcnn Enj;land to Charlesto^n, Mass., in KioM. as the personal repre- 
 sentative of Matliew ("raddock. Ifoyal Governor of ^lassachnsetts 
 Bay. and became oniMjf the wealthiest men in the (-(dony. His family 
 was one of the nine noble Scottish stocks which <()ni|peted for the 
 €ro\\ n niion the death of Margaret of Norway. .Mathias Oliver Da- 
 vidson married a danghter id' Captain Mathew Miles J^tandish, of 
 Plattsburg. an<l ( 'atherine Phoebe Miller, her father being an officer in 
 the War (d' 1S12, and a descendant (d' Captain ^Files Standish. of 
 I'lvmouth. 
 
 WILSON, WASlilXCTOX, one of the fonnders in 1805 of the firm 
 of Earl & Wilson, leading mannfacturers of collars and cnffs, has 
 been the member of the firm re.sident in New York City, managing the 
 
 business and financial interests. 
 lie is a trustee of the Bowery Sav- 
 ings Bank, a trustee of the Madison 
 Avenue Baptist Church, and a gov- 
 ernor of the New York Skin and 
 Cancer Hospital. He is a member 
 of the New York Chamber of Com- 
 merce, and of the Tnion League, 
 Grolier, Riding, Merchants', and 
 New York Athletic (dubs. Born in 
 New York City, June 1, 183S, he is 
 the sou of John Wilson and Gainor 
 Evans Roberts. His father Avas a 
 member of the old volunteer fire 
 department of New York City, and 
 a member of the New York firm 
 of Derrickson & Wilson, saddlers. 
 His grandfather, of an old fam- 
 ily of Lincolnshire, England, 
 came to America in 1S04, establish- 
 ing himself in the feed business in New York City. Mr. Wilson's 
 mother was the daughter of parents Avho came to this country from 
 Bala, North Wales, and was the grandniece of Rev. Jolni Williams, 
 a Baptist clergyman. Having been educated in the New York pub- 
 lic S(diools, in IS."):; Jlr. ^Vilson entered the employ of Crocker & Stow, 
 subse<|U(utly William .\. Crocker, in the notion trade in New York 
 City. With a partner, under the style (d' < ioddard & Wilson, he sub- 
 sequently acquired this business, continuing it until the Civil War 
 made it unpiofitable. After A\inding up the affairs of his firm, from 
 1802 to 1865 he was in the emidoy of the Adams Express Conqpany. 
 In 1805 he organized the present house of Earl & Wilson, having as 
 
 WASHINGTON WILSON. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF X I'.W ^•OKK BIOGRAPHY. 585 
 
 ]i;iiti!cr '^.Villiaiu S. Earl, <if Tiny, N. ^ . In INTO, .Mr. \\'ils(Hi iiiarric(l 
 Janes iiicli, of an old No\\' Vori< lainilN', and lias three dan^iiters. 
 
 GKIFFIN, FKANCIS BUTLEK, has been enjiaged in bnsiness in 
 New York City as a hardware merchant foi' a ([narter of a centnry. 
 He is a director of the National Shoe and Leather liauk, is Treasnrer 
 of the New York Infant Asylnni. and one of its managers, and is one 
 of the Managers of the I'resliyterian Ilosjiital, and a ^Nfemher of the 
 Executive Committee of its Itoard of Trustees. He married Annie 
 M., daughter of John H. Earle. He is a member of the Citv, Pres- 
 byteriau, and Hardware clubs, the Sons of the Tvevolution. the So- 
 ciety of Colonial Wars, and the New England Society. Born in New 
 York City, November S, 1852, he is the son of George Grittin and 
 Elizabeth Frances, daughter of Abraham Bens(ui. of Fairfiidd. Conn., 
 and is the grandson of Gecu'ge Griltin. a proniineut lawyer of this 
 city during the first half of the present century. He descends from 
 Jaspar Griftiu, who came to New England when a child, having been 
 born in Wales, in lti4S, of royal descent. He also descends from Sir 
 Matthew Griswold, of Malvern Hill. England, who settled at Wind- 
 sor, Conn., in 1()39, and from Henry Wolcott, son and heir of John 
 Wolcott, of Golden Manor, England. His great-grandfather, Ccdouel 
 Zebulon Butler, of the family of the Earls of Ormoud, commanded the 
 American forces in Wyoming Yalley at the time of the massacre, and 
 succeeded Benedict Arnold in the command of West I'oint by the 
 designation of Washington. 
 
 CONVEKSE, EDMUND COtiSWEIJ., for a quarter of a century 
 connected with the National Tube Works Comi)any, of Boston, of 
 wbi(di he is President and ( ieneral Manager, has for a number of years 
 resid<Ml in New York City, and is an officer of various important cor- 
 porations. He is President of the National Standard Insurance Com- 
 pany, General Manager and Director of the McKeesport Connecting 
 Kaiiway Company, a" Trustee of the American Bank Note Company, 
 and a director of the Liberty National liank. the National Surety 
 Comjtany, the l>afayette Fire Insurance Comi)any, and the Assurance 
 Conii>any, of America. He was born in Boston, November 7, 1841), 
 and educated in the Boston Latin School. He is a member of the 
 Metropolitan, riiion League, New York Athletic, and Lawyers" (dubs; 
 the Sons of the American Revolution, and the Society of Colonial 
 Wars. He is the son of the late James ( "ogswell Converse, one of tlie 
 founders of the Boston Board of Trade, of which lie was also Presi- 
 dent, and from IStlD until his death in 1801, President of the National 
 Tube Works, of .McKeesport. Pa. His wife was Sarah Ann Peabody. 
 The yrandi>arents of ^Mr. Converse were Bev. Janu-s Converse and Me- 
 liitable. daughter of William rnuswell, his grandfather having been a 
 «i-aduate from Harvard, a member of the Yermont Legislature, and 
 
586 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 State Chaplain of Vermont. His ancestor. Edward ConAers. who set- 
 tled in Salem, Mass., in 1630, and subsequently in Charlestown, was 
 born in 1590 in Wakerly, Northamptonshire, being eleventh in descent 
 from Sii' Ilumplirey Conyers, of Sockburn, Eniiland. who was in turn 
 sixth from Eoger Coigneries, of France and Durham, England. 
 
 SLAYEX, IIENltY BARTHOLOMEW, organized the firm of 
 Slaven Brothers, of San Francisco, large contractoi's, and in 187S 
 obtained from De Lesseps the contract to execute the Pacific coast 
 operations connected with the Panama Canal, as well as to do all the 
 ])relinunary work, including the erection of buildings, on the Isthmus 
 of Panama. In 1880 he went to the Isthmus in person, with two 
 steamers loaded with materials, ])rovisions, and men. I^inding the 
 
 men incapacitated by malaria, he 
 inaugurated the policy of employ- 
 ing native labor. In 1882 his finn 
 closed a contract to construct the 
 Atlantic Division of the canal, from 
 Aspinwall to Bohio Soldado, a sec- 
 tion sixteen miles long, the project 
 of the changing of the course of the 
 ChagTes River being involved. 
 Coming to New York City, which 
 lienceforth became his headquar- 
 ters, Mr. Slaven organized the 
 American Contracting and Dredg- 
 ing Company, of which he was 
 President, the late Eugene Kelly 
 l)eing its Treasurer. The work was 
 done with eight gigantic dredges, 
 the largest in the world, costing 
 •floO.OOO each. Upon the comple- 
 tion of the contract in 1889, Mr. 
 Slaven"s company was paid |25,00(»,(I(|() by the De Lesseps Company. 
 A further contract, for the completion of the enteiijrise, was about 
 to be awarded, when the collapse of the French corporation occurred. 
 At tlie present time Mr. Slaven is President of the Chase Granite Com- 
 pany of Bluehill, Me., and a director of the Traders' and Travelers' 
 Accident Company. For a number of years he was a director and prin 
 cipal owner of the American F nion Life Insurance Company. He was 
 born in Pictou, Ontario, October 19, 1853, the son of Patrick Slaven, 
 a successful stockraiser. He attended the common schools; at the 
 age of ten entered a drug store, also attending night schools; at the 
 age of seventeen was graduated from the (Ontario College of Pharmacy, 
 and spent the next two years at a Philadelphia medical college. He 
 held a responsible position in a large wholesale and retail drug estab 
 
 HKXKV llAklHtlLUMKW .-.[..WtX. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 587 
 
 lishment in Philadelphia, and from 1878 to 187G iuaua<;ed a similar 
 business in Canada. In 1876 he established at San Francisco the 
 largest drug business on the Pacific Coast, two years later disposing 
 of it to engage in contracting enterprises. 
 
 SMITH, (i. WALDO, long established in New York City in the 
 Avholesale grocers' trade, is President of the Wholesale Grocers' As- 
 sociation of New York and viciuity, Vice-President of the National 
 Board of Trade, and a director of the Home Bank. He is the son of 
 Thomas W. Smith and Emma Mapes, niece of General -Tonas Mapes, 
 commander of the forces in this city during the ^^'ar of 1812, and 
 cousin of the late Professor James A. ilapes. His grandfather, Sam- 
 uel Smith, was great-great-graiulson of Colonel Richard Smith, of 
 Smithtown, L. I., where he settled in Kilj.'j, becoming sole owner of the 
 entire township under a patent issued March 3, KJGo, by Governor 
 Richard Nicolls, of New York, by authority of James, Duke of York. 
 Mr. Smith's father was born in Smithtown, April 17, 1780; his mother 
 was born May 25, 1793. 
 
 GODDARD, JOSEPH WARREN, in 1848 founded, and, until his 
 death, September 18, 1890, was the head of the drygoods house of 
 J. W. Goddard & Sons, one of the largest in the country and with 
 few peers in its specialty of linings, silks, and mohairs. He was 
 Vice-President of the Greenwich Savings Bank, a trustee of the A^'om- 
 an's Hospital, a member of Dr. Bellows's Cliurcli and his active sup- 
 porter in the work of the sanitary commission, while, during the Civil 
 War, he was a member of tlie Executive Committee of the Union 
 League Club. When the threat was made to mob the first colored 
 regiment organized in this city during the war, he was one of forty 
 members of the Union League Club who marched down Broadwaj^ 
 at the head of the troops. He married, in 1854, Celestine, daughter 
 of Baldwin Gardiner, and eighth in lineal descent from Lionel Gar- 
 diner, of Gardiner Island. He was himself born in New York City, 
 June 11, 1829, the son of Joseph Goddard, of Brookline, Mass., and 
 Elizabeth, daughter of Birdseye Norton, of Goshen, Conn. At the 
 age of nineteen he started in the drygoods business in this city, at 
 45 William Street. In 1851, his brother, F. N. Goddard, became a 
 partner under the style of (Toddard & Brotlier. For five years they 
 were at 55 Maiden Lane, a 3Ir. ilerrill being a paitner for one year. 
 They removed to 20 Park Place in 1857, to 331-33 Broadway in 1801, 
 and to 461-07 Broadway in 1876. F. N. Goddard retired in 1879, 
 while Warren N. Goddai'd, son of the founder, became his partner, 
 Januai-y 1, 1880, under the firm style of J. W. Goddard & Son. In 
 1882 they removed to 516 Broadway. Januai-y 1, 1883, the younger 
 son, F. Norton Goddard, became a partner, under the style, since con- 
 tinued, of J. W. Goddard & Sons. Both sons were graduated from 
 
588 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Ilaivard. Wari-cii N. is a trustee «>f the Greenwich SavinfiS Baulc. 
 After the death of Mr. (liKhlard they reiiioved to tlie ]iresent hx-atioii 
 on Bleecker iStreet. 
 
 KXAPP. t^ilEl'l'AJJI), is President of ^lieppard Kuapp ^; Cuni- 
 panv, the hirge carpet firm, which he founded in 1855, and is also 
 President of tlie Knapp Pnbber Pindinji' r(inii>any. President of the 
 Peview Publishing Company, and a director of the Leadville Mining- 
 Company and the Small Hopes Consolidated Mining Company. He 
 originatedtiieSmyrna Americancarpet. Born in Yorktown. Westches- 
 ter County. N. Y., August 30, 1839, he is the son of Jacob Frost Knapp, 
 and is lineally descended from Moses Knapp, who, born in New 
 England in Ki^o. immigrated to Westciiester County, was one of the 
 trustees' names in the royal charter of White Plains. March 13, 1721, 
 and died at the advanced age of 101. Mr. Knapp came to this city 
 in 1S.")2, at the age of thirteen, secured a clerkshi]). and saved enough 
 to procure for him a year's course at the Bordentown (X. J.) Academy. 
 Returning, he was employed in the fancy dry goods trade, and later 
 in a cari>et store. In 1855, at the age of sixteen, he formed a part- 
 nership with a fellow clerk and established the carpet fii'm of Shep- 
 pard Knapp <^ (['ompauy. He was married, in 18G3, to Sarah E., 
 daughter of Hiram INIiller. of New York City, and has five children. 
 
 DORMAX, ORLANDO I'ORTER, President of the Gilbert ]Manu- 
 facturing Company since 1881, when he organized it and secured its 
 incorporation, is one of the largest manufacturers of dress linings 
 in the T'nited States. He is Senior Warden of the (^hurch of the 
 Heavenly Rest, as he is also of the Church of the Holy Spirit. He 
 has furnished the means for the education of several young men 
 for the ministry and has been otherwise active in benevolent work. 
 He is a member of the New England Society. He married, in 1850. 
 Delia Ann Taylor, of Hartford, Conn., and has a daughter, Mrs. 
 Franklin H. Smith, Jr., and a son, Harry H. Donnan, now in business 
 with his father. Born in Ellington, Conn., February 3, 1828, Mr. 
 Dorman received an academic education, and entered a drygoods store 
 in Hartford. Coming to this city five years later, he entered the 
 employ of the late William H. Lee and eventually became a member 
 of the firm of Lee, Case & Company, and of its successor, William H. 
 Lee & Com]>any. He retired from this business before organizing the 
 Gilbert ^Manufacturing Company. The son of Hon. Orlin C. Dorman 
 and Juliana Doane, on the paternal side he is descended from Thomas 
 Dorman, who became a freeman of I])swich, ^lass., in 1636, and 
 was subsequently a foundei- of Boxford, ^Liss., and on the maternal 
 side descends from John Doane, who arriveil at Plynioutli in 1(!2]. and 
 became Assistant and Deputy. 
 
E.XCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 589 
 
 BARRETT, CLARENCE TYXAX, a direotor of the First National 
 Baiilv of 8tateii Island, and of Rair<4t Nephews & Company, Old 
 Staten Island Dyeinii' Establislnnent, was long President of the latter 
 corijoratiou, in 1880 sucoeedini-- in that p<fsition his nncle, tlie late 
 Colonel Nathan Barrett, fonnder of the establishment. Major Clnr- 
 ence T. Barrett was a sanitary engineer by profession at the tinic of 
 his election as President, and he at once inangnrated great improve- 
 ments in tlie arrangements of the works and tiie operating ]»lant. while 
 also introducing new machinery and sinking artesian wells. He was 
 born at Rahwny, N. J., August 19, 1840, the son of John Thorndike 
 Barrett and Alice Tynan. His great-grandfather. Captain Nathan 
 Barrett, and his great-great-grandfather, Colonel James Barrett, were 
 Revolutionary soldiers, commanding Iroojts at the l^attle of Concord. 
 Their ancestor was Humi)hrey ^ 
 
 Barrett, who was born in Kent. 
 England, in ir.H:.', and serried in 
 Concord, :Mass., in L(i3it. Mr. Clar- 
 ence T. Barrett was educated in 
 public and private schools, and 
 studied landscape architecture. 
 Dui-ing the Civil War he entered 
 the service of the Union as Second 
 Lieutenant of the One Hundred 
 and Seventy-fifth New York \'olun- 
 teers, and saw service in the De- 
 partment of the C.ulf. He was, 
 successively. Adjutant of his regi- 
 ment. Acting Assistant Adjutant- 
 General of the Third Brigade, Sec- 
 ond Division, Nineteenth Corps; 
 Aid-de-cani]) to General C. Grover, 
 Acting Assistant Adjutant-Gen- 
 eral on the staff of General \\'. H. 
 
 Emory, and Aid to General E. R. S. Cauby. He was commissioned 
 Captain, and, for meritorious services in the siege of Spanish Fort, was 
 brevetted Major. Returning to civil life, he resumed his profession 
 of landscape architect and civil engineer. For seven years he was a 
 P(dice Commissioner of Richmond County, and for five years was 
 Superintendent of the Poor, lie has also been a school trustee. Uo 
 Is a trustee of the S. R. Smith Infirmai-y, and a member of the Loyal 
 Legion and of various :\rasouic bodies. He married Anna E., daughter 
 of William D. Hutchings and Elizabeth Parmly. 
 
 POST. GEORGE B.. President of the Architectural League of N<'W 
 York, and Secretary and Trusree of the Post Building Company, is 
 one of the most eminent architects of the Fnited States. The edi- 
 
 CI.ARKNCK TYN.\N B.\RKF.TT. 
 
590 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 fices erected by him iuclude the Equitable, Times, World, Mills, and 
 Havemeyer buildings; the New York Hospital, Chickering Hall, the 
 Produce Exchange, the Cotton Exchange, and the Fifth Avenue resi- 
 dence of C. P. Huntington. He enjoys high social position, and is a 
 member of the Fniou, Metropolitan, Century, and Knickerbocker 
 clubs. Born in this city, December 15, 1837, he was graduated in 
 civil engineering from the New York University in 1858, and attended 
 the Architectural School presided over by Richard M. Hunt. In 1861 
 he formed a partnership with Charles D. Gambrill, a classmate. He 
 went to the front during tlie Civil War as Captain of a com^jany in the 
 Twenty-second New York, and rose to the rank of Colonel. During 
 the battle of Fredericksburg he was Aid on the staff of General Burn- 
 side. He was married, in 1863, to Alice M., daughter of William W. 
 Stone, a prominent merchant of this city and Boston. One of his 
 sons. George B., Jr.. is a stockbroki^r; anotliei'. Allison ^^'rigllt. is a 
 lawyer; a third, ^^'i!lialll Stone, is an architect, in business with his 
 father. 
 
 HUNT. RICHARD IK^WLAND. tlie well-known architect, is the 
 son of the late Richard Morris Hunt, long one of the famous architects 
 in the United States, and the President of the American Institute of 
 Architects at Xew York from 1887 until his death in 1895. He is 
 the grandson of Hon. Jonathan Hunt, ilember of Congress, and Lieu- 
 tenant-Governor of Vermont. His mother was Catherine Clintou, 
 daughter of the late Samuel Shaw Howland. senior partner of the 
 mercantile firm of Howland i^ Aspinwall, and a lineal descendant of 
 John Howland, who came over in the Mayflower. Born in Paris, 
 France, ^larch 14, 1862, IMr. Hunt was educated at the Massachusetts 
 Institute of Technology and the Ecole de Beaux Arts, Paris. He then 
 became his father's business associate until the death of the latter, 
 sinci' which time he has continued his profession alone. He is a mem- 
 ber of the Chamber of Commerce, the American Institute of Architects, 
 the Xew York Chapter of American Institute of Architects, the Na- 
 tional Scu]]>ture Society, the Architectural League of New York, the 
 Society of Beaux Arts Architects, and the Municipal Art Society. He 
 is also a member of the Century, Tuxedo, Players", Racquet and Tennis, 
 Meadow Brook, (Jarden City Gun, Cartei'et Gun, American Kennel, 
 French Bull Dog, and Boston Terrier clubs. He was married in Eng- 
 land, September 16, 1885, to Pearl Carley, and has three children— 
 Ricliard, Francis, and Jonathan. 
 
 ALLEN, JOEL ASAPH, naturalist, author, and Curator of the 
 Department of Vertebrate Zoology in the American Museum of Nat- 
 UT-al Histoiw in New York City since 1885, was born in Springfield, 
 Mass., July 19, 1838, and was educated at the Wilbraham Academy, 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 591 
 
 and under Ayassiz at the Lawrence ^>cientific School, Harvard Uui- 
 versitv. He acccnupauied A,iias.-;iz to Biazil iu ISGo, and was a mem- 
 ber of soieutitie expeditions to IMorida in 1869, and to tlie Eocky 
 Mountains in 1871. He was Assistant in tlie Ornitliohiiiical Depart- 
 ment of the Museum of Comparative Zoido^y, (Jambridlie, Mass., from 
 1871 to 1885. In 1871 he tool; the Humboldt Scholarship. In 1873 
 he was ('hief of the Scientific Staif of a (lovernmeut expedition in 
 connection with the survey for the Northern I'acitic IJailroad. From 
 1870 to 1883 he was Editor of the Bulletin of the Nuttall Ornitholog- 
 ical Club, and from 1883 to 1898 of Tlie Auk, an ornitholooical quar- 
 terly, and also Editor of the publications (BiilUiui and Mcinolrs) of 
 the American Museum of Natural History. He was President of the 
 American Ornitholotiists' Union from 1883 to 1891, is a Fellow of the 
 American Association for the Advancement of Science, of the Ameri- 
 can Philosophical Society, of the 
 American Acadc^ny of Arts and 
 Sciences, and of the National Acad- 
 emy of Sciences. Professor Allen 
 received the title of Doctor of Phi- 
 losophy from Indiana University 
 in 1886. He has published many 
 works on natural history, and has 
 been joint autlior with Professor 
 Elliott Cones. Amoni:' his ])ublica- 
 tions are: '•Mammals and Winter 
 Birds of East Floriila " (1871i, 
 '' The American Bisons, Living ami 
 Extinct " (1872 l ; " Monographs of 
 North American Kodentia " (with 
 Elliott Coues, 1877); "The Geo- 
 graphical Distrilmtiou of the Mam- 
 malia " (1878), "History of the 
 North American Pinnipeds"' 
 (1880), "The Geogra])hical Origin 
 
 and Distribtition of North American Birds" 1 18!)3i, and also several 
 htmdred papers relating to the mammals ami birds of Nort h and South 
 America. He descen<ls from Samuel Allen, who was born in Brain- 
 tree, Essex County, England, iu 1588, in 1()32 settled at Cambridge, 
 Mass., and subsequently removed to Windsor, Conn., w here he died 
 in A]H-i], 1618. On his mother's side he is descemled fi-om -Tolm Trum- 
 bull, who came from Newcastle-on-Tyne, Eiigland, about 1637, an<l in 
 1639 settled at Eoxbui-y, Mass. 
 
 JOKL A.S.\I>H .\LLRX. 
 
 HUME, WILLIAM HENRY, one of the eminent architects of New 
 York City, is the designer of the New Netherlaud Hotel, built for 
 William Waldorf Astor (see ^'olume I. of this work, page 540. for cut i : 
 
592 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 the Mutual lleneive Buildinjj,-, Broadway aud Duaue street; the Emi- 
 grant Savings Bank, the North Elver Savings Bank, the Hotel Nor- 
 mandie, the Wvnkoop Building, the Spiugler Building, the Presby- 
 terian Church and Lecture Ilall, Central Park AYest; the Hebrew 
 Orphan Asylum, the Asylum of St. Vincent de Paul, the Lotos Club- 
 house, the drygoods store of H. C. F. Koch ,& Company, aud many 
 other editices in this city, as well as the Masonic Home, at Utica, 
 N. Y. He is a director of the East Eiver National Bank, the Mu- 
 tual Reserve Fund Life Association, and the Lotos Club; while 
 he is a member of the Xew York Chamber of Commerce, the Sev- 
 enth Eegiment Veterans, Lotos, and Eepublican clubs, and the Up- 
 town Association. He was born in Xew York City, March 22, 1834, 
 the son of Alexander Hume, a merchant of New York City, and Anne 
 Clayton. He is of Scotch ancestry. He was educated in this city 
 and i)ursued his professional studies with one of the most eminent 
 architects of the last generation. He engaged in business for himself 
 in 1857. He was an officer in the Seventh Eegiment, National Guard 
 of the State of New York, for some time, including the period of the 
 Civil War, and participated in the campaigns of ISGl, 18(52, and 1863. 
 He was Adjutant of the regiment during the campaign of 1863. He 
 married, in 1856, Elizabeth Humphreys Norris, and has three sons — 
 ^^'illiam A., Fredeiic T., and Henry M. Hume, and a daughter, Eliza- 
 beth L., all of whom were born in this city. In 1893 the present firm 
 of William H. Hume & Son was formed, Frederic T. Hume becoming 
 his father's partner. The eldest son, William A. Hume, is a physician, 
 engaged in pi'actice in ^Lmhattan Borough, New York City. The 
 youngest son, Henry M. Hume, is engaged in banking, as head of the 
 firm of H. M. Hume & Company, and is a member of the New York 
 Stock Exchange. 
 
 AUDSLEY, WILLIAM JA:\rES, head of the well-known firm of 
 architects, W. & G. Audsley, formerly of Livei-jjool and London, Eng- 
 land, and now of New York City, was born in Dufftown, Bautfshire, 
 Scotland, October 21, 1833. Like his distinguished brother, George 
 Aslidown Audsley, he early exhibited a taste f(n' architectural drawing 
 aud design. Having removed to Liverijool in 1856, the brothers were 
 engaged on Eipley Hospital at Lancaster, England, and the Public Li- 
 bi'ary and ^Museum of Liverpool. In 1861 they began practice as archi- 
 tects in Liverpool, about the same time publishing "The Sermon on the 
 Mount, Illununated," a study in medieval ornamental arts. Among 
 the important editices designed by them in Liverpool are the Welsh 
 Church, Prince's Eoad; Christ Church, Kensington; the Church of St. 
 Margaret, Belmont Eoad; the Jewish Synagogue, Prince's Eoad; the 
 Racquet Club and Courts, ParlianuMit Street, and the Liverpool Art 
 (_'lub Gallerv. St. Martiaret's is said to have the most beautiful brick 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 593 
 
 interior of any cliurch in England. In 1870 botli brothers were elected 
 Fellows of the Eoyal Institnte of British Architects. In 1884 they 
 removed tlieir office to London, where they had erected tlie West End 
 Synagojine, Bayswater. Other specimens of their work are the Cliiii-ch 
 of St. ^lary, Lancaster, Eniiland; chnrclies at Wrexham. Chestei-, 
 Khyl, and (iarston, in the same country, and the Ennlish ("hnrcli at 
 Grasse, France. In 1892 they removed to New York, and are the 
 desig-ners of the notable Bowlinu' Green Offices of this city. Tlie Lay- 
 ton Art Gallery, of ililwankee. Wis., desiiiiu d by them, has also at- 
 tracted much attention. 
 
 AUDSLEY, GEOKiiE ASHDOWX, of the tirm of ^^■. .^ G. Auds- 
 ley, architects and decorative artists, has a world-wide reputation as 
 a writer and cntic on architeclure, as well as (me of the most artistic 
 and oriijinal of designers. Before reaching the age of seventeen he 
 had designed two cathedrals. Tlie work winch he publisheil in ISGl, 
 in conjunction with his brother, •' The Sermon on the Mount, Illumi- 
 nated," remains the most beatitiful of modern illuminated books. It 
 induced a Londi>n publishing fiiin to invite him to prepare his '■ (iuide 
 to the Art of Illuminating and Missal Painting."' An illuminared 
 copy of '• The Prisoner of Chillon '' followed, while Mr. Audsley also 
 published a "Handbook of rhristian Symbolism."" His "Cottage, 
 Lodge, and Villa Architecture" is an illustrated essay on artistic 
 hotise-building. He is the auiiior of the published A'olumes of the 
 " Popular Dictionary of Architecture and the Allied Arts." Among 
 other notable volumes, all magniticeutly illustrated, we may mention 
 " Polychromatic Decoration as Applied to Buildings in the Medieval 
 Styles,"' i>ublished in English, French, and German, and character- 
 ized as " a grammar of Gothic Decoration," " Outlines of Ornament in 
 all Styles"' (1881), "The Practical Decorator," "The Keramic Art 
 (if .la])au " (two volumes), "Tlie Art of Chromolithography," and 
 ■• The ( )rnamental Arts of .Tajian." The volume last mentioned treats 
 of " Drawing, I'ainting, Engraving, Color Printing, Embroidery on 
 silk. Ornamental Weaving in silk and gold. Application, Incrusting 
 and Inlaying in various colored materials, Lacfpier Working on dif- 
 ferent materials. Carving in wood and ivory. Metal Working in gold, 
 silver, bronze, and iron, and Cloisonne Enameling."" Mr. Andsh^v 
 delivered lectures, " Xotes on Japanese Art," before the Architec- 
 tui-al Association of London in 1872; "The Intluence of Decorative 
 Art and Art Woikmanship in Household Details,"' before the Social 
 Science Congress in 187(!, and on ''Household Taste,"' in Brooklyn, 
 N. Y., in 188::{. He has received tlie degree of Doctor of Laws. He 
 was born in Elgin, Elginshire. Scotland, September 6, 1838. A bio- 
 grajihical and critical account of liis work, by the distinguished novel- 
 ist, T. H. Hall Caine, was publislu^d in 1881. 
 
594 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 SCLIICKEL, WILLIAM, seuiur luembur uf the wt4Lknowii tiim of 
 Sihickel & Ditmars, architects on Fifth Avenue, was born in Wies- 
 baden, Germany, in 1S50, was educated as an architect in Germany, 
 traveled in Italv, France, and Gennany to complete his professional 
 studies, and since 1873 has been established in business as an archi- 
 tect in New York City. He is a Fellow of the American Institute of 
 Architects, and a member of the Architectural League, the New York 
 Chamber of Commerce, the Gennan and Catholic clubs, and the Up- 
 town Association. Amono- the notable examples of his work are St. Ig- 
 natius Church of this city, the Constable Building, at the corner of Fifth 
 Avenue and Eighteenth Street; the residence of I. Stern, on Fifth 
 Avenue, and St. Joseph's Seminary, of Valentine Hill, Yonkers, the 
 advanced theological seminary of the Archdiocese of New York for 
 the higher education of the Catholic clergy. The latter is a notable 
 structure. On the occasion of its dedication Cardinal Satolli, the 
 Papal Delegate, characterized it as a " marvelous btiildiug, . . . 
 grand in its architectural design," w liile Bishop McQuaid described 
 it as " a seminary the like of which does not exist anywhere in the 
 world." The main building is 3G0 feet long, with wings which project 
 80 feet, while its highest point is 150 feet from the ground. It is 
 built with a stone qtiamed from the seminary grounds. The chapel, 
 10 by 130 feet, is an exquisite specimen of architectural art. The cor- 
 nerstone was laid ^lay IT, 1891, while the completed edifice was dedi- 
 cated August 12, INlXi. In the souvenir volume ptiblished in 1890, 
 " The History of St. Joseph's Seminary of Xew York,'' the obligation 
 to the architects is thus acknowledged : " The architects, William 
 Schickel & Company, were intrusted by His Grace with the planning 
 and the execution of this great work, and they have certainly stic- 
 eeeded in embodying the noble timughts of its fotinder, in designing 
 a building monumental in character, useful and well adapted in its 
 arrangements, and solid and substantial in construction, so that for 
 ages the Seminary will stand as the cradle and home of the priesthood 
 of the Archdiocese." 
 
 FEENBACH, HENRY, the architect, wlio died in New York City. 
 November 12, 1883, designed many prominent buildings in New York 
 City, including those of the Staafs Zcifiiini, the German Savings Bank, 
 the Instittition for Deaf Mutes, the Eden Musee, and the Harmcmie 
 Club. He also designed the Temple Emanu-El, on Fifth Avenue; the 
 Synagogue Ahavath Chesed, on Lexington Avenue, and the first Jew- 
 ish Orphan Asylum, at Seventy-first Street and Third Avenue. He 
 took the first prize in architecture at the Centennial Exposition at Phil- 
 adelphia in 1870. with his design of the :\Iutual Life Insurance Build- 
 ing, Philadelphia. He was born in Breslau, Silesia, Germany, in April, 
 1829, and came to New York City in 1818. when nineteen years of age. 
 He had been educated as an architect in a technical school in Germany, 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF XEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 595 
 
 while in New York he studied further with C. Welles, theu a well- 
 known architect of New York. He was for some time associated with 
 Mr. Welles. He was a charter member of the Metrcjpolitau Museum 
 of Art, was a member of the Harmonic and Freundschaft societies, and 
 was a Past Master Mason, havinjj, been Past ^Master of Kin."- Solomcm's 
 Lodge. He was also Treasurer of the United Association of American 
 Architects. His widow and five children survived him. His sou, 
 Walter M. Fernbach, is his successor in business. 
 
 FISK, CHAELES JOEL, was born in Jersey City, X. J., in 185S. 
 His father, Harvey Fisk, was a native of ^'ermont, of Eni.ilish extrac- 
 tion, tracing his ancestry back to 131)9. William Fisk, the original 
 American ancestor, settled in Wvu- 
 ham, Mass., in 1G37, where he and 
 a brother named John were promi- 
 nent residents. Mr. Fisk's father 
 was, in 18-18, a clerk in a drygoods 
 store in Trenton, X. J. In 1852 he 
 was employed as assistant teller in 
 the Mechanics' Bank, of Xew York 
 City, and, ten years later, in 18(>2, 
 began business for himself, and 
 soon afterward, as the head of the 
 firm of Fisk & Hatch, became a 
 noted financier, and was very prom- 
 inent in Wall Street for many 
 years. Fisk & Hatch were very 
 active during the War of the Re- 
 bellion as agents for the Govern- 
 ment. The firm continued until 
 iss.l. It was then dissolved, and 
 Mr. Fisk associated his sons with 
 
 him in business, under the finn name of Harvey Fisk & Sons. The 
 father died in 1889. The present members of the firm are Hai'vey E., 
 Charles J., Pliny, and Alexander G. Fisk, Theodore H. Banks, and 
 Herbert W. Denny. Mr. Fisk's maternal grandfather, A. B. Green, 
 was an active business man, connected with the old Camden and 
 Amboy Railroad. He was a member of the Legislature for two terms 
 during the war. Charles J. Fisk was educated in Xew York. He 
 went into his father's oflice when seventeen years of age, and has been 
 consecutiA-ely connected with the business since. In 1891 he became 
 a member of the City Council of Plainfield, N. J., where he resides. 
 He was one of the leaders in securing the sewer system for that city. 
 He has been a delegate to different county conventiims, and was alter- 
 nate to the St. Louis Convention, which nominated Major McKinley for 
 President. He served as Chairman of the Campaign Committee of 
 
 CIIAKLF.S JOEL FISK. 
 
596 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Uuion ('(niiity, Xew Jersey, in 1890. He is a lueinbei' of the Lawyers', 
 Kepubliean, and Wool clubs, of New York, and the Union i'ounty 
 Country Club, of Plaiulield, N. J. He maiiied, in 1879, Miss 
 Lillie I\. TJiobey, of Trenton. N. J., dan,i;liter of the late Augustus G. 
 Eichey. They have five children — Louisa G., Augustus E., Charles 
 W., Harvey, and Annie G. The family are members of the Crescent 
 Avenue Presbyterian Church, riainticld, of which cliuich Mr. Fisk is 
 one of the trustees. He was unanimously chosen by his party t\)r 
 the office of Mayor of Plaiulield, and w-as elected at the last municipal 
 election. 
 
 CLAFLIX, HOEACE BEIGHAM, founder of the wholesale dry- 
 goods house of H. B. Claflin & Company, was born in Milford, Mass., 
 December 18, 1811, and died in Fordham, X. Y., November 14, 1885. 
 He received an academical educatioji, and became a clerk in his 
 father's store in Milford. With his brother and a brother-in-law they 
 succeeded to the business. In 1832 he was in charge of a branch store 
 established at Worcester, Mass. In July, 1843, he removed to Xew 
 York City, in partnership with William F. Bulkley forming the whole- 
 sale drygoods firm of Bulkley & Claflin. Mr. Bulkley retired in 1851, 
 the lirm becoming Clartin, Mellen & Company. Upon the retirement 
 of William H. Mellen, the present style of H. B. Claflin & Company 
 was adopted. ^Ir. Claflin was a Eepublican as early as 1850, and in 
 1872 was a Presidential elector. He was a strong advocate of civil- 
 service reform, and in 1884 supported Grover Cleveland. He w^as one 
 of the most prominent members of Plymouth Church, of which Henry 
 Ward Beecher was ]iastor for so many years. He was a suj^porter 
 of Henry Bergh in iiis work looking to the prevention of cruelty to 
 animals. 
 
 CLAFLIX, JOHN, was graduated from the College of the City ol 
 Xew York in 1809, entered the wholesale drygoods establishment 
 established by his father, and succeeded to the hitter's interest in 1885. 
 He is now President of the H. B. Claflin Company, and is a director 
 of the Xational Bank of Commerce, the American Exchange Xati(nial 
 Bank, the United 8tates Trust Comjiany, the Xew York Life, and a 
 number of other insurance companies. He was a member of the 
 Mxecutive Committee of the Committee of Seventy, wliich noniinarcd 
 Mayor Strong, and is also a member of the Eapid Transit Commission. 
 He is a member of the leading clubs of Xew York City. He was born 
 in Brooklyn. X". Y., July 24, 1850, and is the son of the late Horace 
 Brigham Claflin and Agnes, daughter of Calvin Sanger. He descends 
 from Eobert (INIac) Claflin, who settled in Wenham, Essex County, 
 ]\rass., as early as 1001, and from Eichard Sanger, wlio reached Boston 
 in the ship Confldence in 1038. His great-grandfather, John Claflin, 
 was a Eevolutionary soldier. His great-grandfather, Samuel Sanger, 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 597 
 
 was- a. member of the Massachusetts Committee of Public .Safety in 
 1777, wliile his great-great-jiraudfathei*, IJicliard Sauyer, was a mem- 
 ber of the secoml Provincial Congress of Massachusetts in 1775. A 
 nu-mber of this family, William Ciatlin, was (Governor of .Massa- 
 <-linsctts. 
 
 P^IELI), WILLIAM ADDISON, iu ISOS engaged witli the New 
 York hardware commission house of Joseph H. Adams & Coombs; in 
 1872 became connected with the First National Bank of Brooklyn 
 .IS messenger; was made bookkeeper in 1S73; in ISSo was promoted 
 to the position of Correspondent Clerk; became Assistant Cashier in 
 1S90, and since 1894 has been ('ashler. He is a member of the Bank 
 Clerks' Association and of Fraternity Council, No. 504, Royal Arca- 
 num. He was born in Brooklyn, August 19, 1854, the son of Charles 
 1>. Field and Mary 31. Randall. His father was born in Charlestowu, 
 Mass., and mother in Roxbury, Mass. His parents having removed 
 to St. Paul, Minn., in 1855, and returned to Brooklyn in 1862, he was 
 educated in the public schools of these two cities. 
 
 EARLE, HENRY, has long been in business as a rubber merchant 
 iu New Y'ork City, and is Vice-President and Ceneral Manager of the 
 Crude Rubber Comiiany. He resides in Brooklyn, and is Secretary 
 of the Brooklyn Club, and a member of the Marine and Field, Twen- 
 tieth Century, Barnard, and Crescent Athletic clubs, and the Down- 
 town Association. He married, iu 1874, Alice, daughter of Edwin 
 Morse and Abby M. Clary, of Worcester, Mass., and has living two 
 daughters and a son — Alexander Morse Earle. Born iu Providence, 
 R. I., November 20, 1843, Mr. Earle is the sou of Henry Earle and 
 Mary T., daughter of Judge John Pitman and Rhoda Talbot, of Provi- 
 dence; is great-grandson of Hon. Caleb Earle, Lieuteuant-Covernor of 
 Rhode Island, and descends from Ralph Earle, who arrived at New- 
 pent, R. I., iu 1638, and became Captain of a troop of horse. He is 
 sixth in descent from Oliver Earle, who was for some years a mer- 
 chant in this city, engaging in the East India trade. 
 
 EARLE, JOSEPH P., well known rubber merchant of this city, 
 where he has been established in business for many years, is a member 
 of the New York Chamber of Commerce and the Union, Union League, 
 Tuxedo, University, New York Yacht, Atlantic Yacht, and Seawan- 
 haka-Corinthiau Yacht clubs; the Downtown Association, and other 
 organizations. He was born in I'rovidence. R. L, in 184 < ; was grad- 
 uated from Brown University in 1S71, and is a member of the Brown 
 University Alumui Association of tliis city. He is eighth in descent 
 from Captain Ralph Earle, of Newport, R. I., in 1638, and his wife, 
 Joan Savage; is seventh from Hon. ^Villiam Earle. who was a >b'nihci' 
 
598 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 of the General Assembly of Rhode Island in 1704. and again in 1706; 
 is sixth from Oliver Earle, at one time in the East India trade in New 
 York City, and is great-grandson of Lieutenant-Governor Caleb Earle, 
 of Ehode Island. 
 
 O'DONOHUE, JOSEPH J., founder and for many years the head of 
 the firm of Joseph J. O'Donohue & Son, tea and coffee importers, is 
 one of the most prominent merchants and citizens of New York. He 
 was one of the founders of the Long Island Ferry Company in 1858, 
 and subsequent to the consolidation of that corporation in 1SG4 with 
 the Brooklyn Feri*y Com]iaiiy became President of the Brooklyn and 
 
 Xe^A' York Ferry Company thiis 
 created. Greatly improving the 
 service, while at the same time re- 
 ducing the fares, he did much tti 
 build up the Eastern District of 
 Brooklyn. While residing in 
 Brooklyn he served for some time 
 as ('hairman of the Democratic 
 <Teneral Committee of Kings 
 County, and was a frequent dele- 
 gate to State Conventions. He 
 refused to permit his nomination 
 as Democratic candidate for 
 Mayor of Brooklyn. After the 
 removal of his residence to New 
 York City in 1S67, he was for 
 somi' time a member of the Gen- 
 eral Committee of Tammany 
 Hall, and served as its Yiee- 
 Chairman. In 1S71 he I'efused to 
 permit his nomination as Demo- 
 cratic candidate for Mayor of 
 New York. He was Park Commissioner from 1874 to 1876, by ap- 
 pointment of Mayor AMckham. He was a trustee of the New York 
 Coffee E.xchange, and is a member of the Chamber of Commerce 
 and the New York Board of Trade and Transportation. He was a 
 director of the Eighth Avenue and Ninth Avenue railroads of New 
 York, aud a director of the People's Steamship Line, plying between 
 New York City and Albany subsequent to 1880. when he purchased 
 Daniel Drew's interest. He was born in this city. January 8. 1834, 
 his father, the late John O'Donohue, being a well-known merchant. 
 Before reaching his majority he became his father's partner in the 
 wliolesale tea and coffee firm of John O'Donohue & Sons, which, after 
 his father's death, became John O'Donohue's Sous. He retired from 
 this firm in 1880. and the same year established a i^artnership with 
 
 .JOSEPH .r. O DONOHUE. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF XEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 599 
 
 Atliei'tou Foster for the importation of coffee aud tea. Mr. Fostor 
 retiring January 1, 1882. ]\Ir. O'Doiiohne coutinued alone for a year, 
 and tlien received into partnersLiip liis eldest son. Joseph J. O'Dono- 
 hue. Jr.. under the style of Joseph J. O'Donohue & Son. With the 
 admission of his other son. Thomas J., the firm style chanji'ed to 
 Joseph J. O'Donohue tS: Sons, as at present. He was married, Septem- 
 ber 7. 1858. to Teresa M. J. Kiley. of New York City, and in addition to 
 the two sons mentioned has two daughters living. He is a member 
 of many clubs and societies. 
 
 O'DONOHUE, JOSEPH J., JK., member of the well-known coffee 
 importing firm of Joseph J. O'Donohue & Sons, and the eldest son of 
 its head and founder, is an oflicer of several important corporations. 
 He succeeded his father as President of the Brooklyn and New York 
 I'^erry Company, is A'ice-President of the Agatine Shoe Hook and Eye- 
 let Company, and is a director of the New Jersey Steamboat Com- 
 pany, the Eighth Avenue Railroad, tlic Ninth Avenue Railroad, and 
 the Evergreen Cemetery. He is a member of the Downtown Asso- 
 ciation, and the Colonial, Catholic, and New York Athletic chd)s. 
 
 FALCONER, WILLIAM HENRY, long engaged in extensive real 
 estate operations in this city, has more recently restricted himself 
 to the care of his estate. He is a member of the Union League Club 
 and the St. Nicholas Society. He married Margaret Culbertson 
 M.-Lean, of Fayetteville, Pa., and has two daughters and a son- 
 Bruce McLean Falconer. With his family he has traveled exten- 
 sively, including all sections of the United States and Alaska, with 
 Mexico, Europe, the Nile, India, China, and Japan. They w^ere pre- 
 sented to Queen Victoria, Princess Louise, Princess Beatrice, Pope 
 Leo XIIL, the Sultan of Turkey, the King of Greece, the Khedive 
 of Egvpt, and the Empress of Japan. Mr. Falconer was born in 
 this city in 1830, the sou of David Falconer, of New York, grandson 
 of Rodger Falconer, of White Plains, and great-grandson of Captain 
 Jolm Falconer, of White Plains, who fought as Captain and Aid to 
 Washington in the battle near White Plains, while his mansion was 
 the headquarters of the Due de Lauzau. He is lineally descended 
 from Pierre Fauconier, a Huguenot of Tours, who was naturalized 
 in London in 1685, and with his wife, Magdalene Pasquereau. emi- 
 grated to New York in 1702, became a prominent merchant, and was 
 Collector of Customs and Receiver-( Jeneral of the province. 
 
 BOORAEM, ROBERT ELMER, consulting mining engineer and a 
 director of a number of mining enterprises in the West which he 
 owns or helped to develop, is a son of the late eminent New York mer- 
 chant, Henrv A. Booraem, and was born in Jersey City, March 28, 
 
 "-J 
 
600 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 185(). He .studied in Germany, attended Dr. Antliuu's t^cliuol, was 
 graduated from the School of Mines of Columbia College, and taking 
 post-graduate courses received the degrees of Doctor of Philosophy 
 and Engineer of Mines. In ISTS he engaged in assay work at Lead- 
 ville, Col., and eventually" became manager of the noted Evening Star 
 Mine. Subsequently engaging with the Morning Star Mining Com- 
 pany, he was manager of the Farwell Gold Mine at Independence, 
 Col. In 1886 he became President of the Blue Bird Mining Company 
 of Montana, and realized a large fortune for himself and others. He 
 owns .silver mines at Aspen, Col., has large real estate interests in 
 Salt Lake City, and has a ranch on the Salina Kiver, Kansas. In 
 1804 he was a]i])ointed to represent the Alumni of the School of Mines 
 in connection with the removal of Columbia University to Morning- 
 side Heights, and is Class Treasurer of the Alumni Memorial Hall 
 Fund. He is a member of the American Institute of Mining Engi- 
 neers, the Calumet, Badminton, and American Yacht clubs, the St. 
 Nicholas Society, the Society of Cidouial Wars, and the Sons of the 
 Eevolution. 
 
 CLARK, JOHN MITCHELL, the New York head of the Boston and 
 New Y^ork firm of Naylor & CompauA, iron merchants, was born in 
 Boston, July 23, 1817, and was graduated from Brown University in 
 18G5. He entered the iron business with Naylor & Company, of Bos- 
 ton, and has long been at the head of their business in this city. He 
 is a member of the Union, Metropolitan, Tuxedo, Eactjuet, and Law- 
 yer' clubs, and the Downtown Association. He is the sou of the late 
 IJev. Thomas March Clark, D.D., LL.D., and Caroline, daughter of 
 Beujamiu Howai'd, of Boston, and is the grandson of Captain Thomas 
 March Clark, of Newburyport, Mass., aud Kebecca Wheelwright. He 
 is lineally descended from Nathaniel Clark, one of those Avho left 
 Ipswich, Mass., iu 1035, and founded Newbury, Mass., aud is also 
 descended from Rev. John Wheelwright, pastor of the church at Sal- 
 isbury, Mass., a graduate of Sydney College, Cambridge, aud son of 
 Robert Wheelwright, of Saleby, Lincolnshire, Euglaud. Mr. Clark's 
 father w-as a graduate of Yale, and successively rector of Grace 
 Church, Boston; St. Andrew's, Philadelphia; Grace Church, Provi- 
 dence, and Bishop of Rhode Island. Mr. Clark's grandfather defended 
 Newburyport against the British iu the War of 1812, aud Avas a mem- 
 ber of the committees which received President Moni'oe in 1817, and 
 Lafayette in 1821. 
 
 LUDLAM, EDWIN, in 1858 entered the employ of Abernethy. 
 Collins & Company, importers of woolens in New York City, and in 
 18(U became a member of the tirm of Taylor iK: Ludlam, in the same 
 business. In 1872 he was elected President of the People's Gas 
 Light Company, of Brooklyn. He subsequently was President of tlu^ 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 601 
 
 ^^'allabout Bank, of Brooklyn, of wliich he is still a Director. He 
 has been President of the Flushing Union ( Jas Company, and Vice- 
 President of the Newtown Gas Company, and since 1890 has been 
 Secretary of the Brooklyn Union Gas Company. He is likewise 
 President of the Veteran Association of the Fiftieth Eegimeut, N. (i. 
 N. Y.; is President of the N'eteran Association of the Brooklyn City 
 Gnard (Company G, Twenty-third Re5>iment, N. G. N. Y. ) ; is a trus 
 tee of the Washiniiton Avenue Bajitist Clnirch, of Brooklyn, and 
 is a member of the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences, the So- 
 ciety of Old Bi'ooklynites. the Brooklyn, Crescent Athletic, and Ox- 
 ford clubs, and the St. Nicholas Society. He was born in New York 
 City, November 28, 1841, and was educated in Professor B. W. 
 Dwight's High School in Brooklyn. He is the son of Silas Ludlam 
 and Elizabeth F., daughter of John Clem, and is the grandson of 
 Stephen Liullam, of New Yoi-k City, from whom the direct line goes 
 back through Thomas Ludlam, Joseph Ludlam, Jr., and Joseph Lud- 
 lam, Sr., to William Ludlam, who came to this country in IG.jC). Mr. 
 Ludlam's father was a well-known surveyor, who laid out a large 
 portion of the present Borough of Brooklyn. 
 
 EDSON, FBANKLIN, was l)orn in Chester, Vt., April .j, 1832, the 
 son of Opher Edson and Soviali Williams. He descends from Boger 
 ^^'illiams and from Deacon Samuel Edson, who settled in Salem, 
 ^[ass., in 1638. He received an academic education, and taught school 
 in his early years. In 1852 he engaged in the distilling business in 
 Albany. He was a member of the Albany Board of Trade, a director 
 of the New York State Bank, a Vestryman of St. Paul's Epis 
 copal Church, and President of the Young Men's Association of 
 Albany. In 1866 he became liead of the Albany produce conuuissiou 
 firm of Edson, Oit & Chamlx'rlaiu. This firm soon remov(Ml to New 
 York City. Three years later tin- firui of Franklin Edson & Company 
 was foi-med. In 1871, Mr. Edson became a member of the New York 
 Produce Exchange. He was Chairman of its Committee on Grain 
 and of its Building Committee, wliile, in 187:'. and 1874, he was Presi- 
 dent of the Exchange. In 1882 lie was elected Mayor of New York 
 City. During his administiation the new Ci>ot(m Aqueduct was laid 
 out and the contracts for its construction awarded, the Brooklyn 
 Bridge was completed, and the new parks acquired by the city. For 
 many years Mr. Edson has been Cliaii-nian of the committee to erect 
 a nn^morial to Peter Cooper. Judge Dykman a]>pointed him one of 
 tiie commissioners to appraise tiie jiroix-rty condemned for the Jerome 
 Pai-k Bcscrvoir. He is President of tiie Genesee Fruit Company. He 
 married, in 18.56, Fanny C. dangliter of Benjamin Wood, of Bath, 
 N. v., and granddaughter of Jetiiro Wood, inventor of the cast-iron 
 plow, and has five sons and two danghters. The eldest. Dr. Cyrus 
 Edson, was long President of the Board of Health of New York City. 
 
G02 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 WINDMUELLER, LOUIS, head of the prominent importing; and 
 commission house of Windmneller & Roelker, which he organized 
 in 1SG5, is one of the most eminent German-Americans in the city. 
 At present he is a director of the Title Guarantee and Trust Company, 
 the New Yorlc and New Jersey Biidfie ('ompany, the (Jerman- Ameri- 
 can Insurance Company, the German Alliance Insurance Company, 
 and the Forum Publishin.ii Company. He is a member of the Chamber 
 of Commerce. He founded the Title Guarantee and Tru.st Company, 
 and for four years was its Treasurer. He was also one of the founders 
 
 nf the German-Aiiierican Insur- 
 ance Company in ISTlJ, the Bond 
 and Mortgage Guarantee Com- 
 ]tiniy. and th(^ Hide and Leather 
 NaTidual Bank. He was Chair- 
 man of the Committee on Arrange- 
 ments of the (ieriuan ])ei)artment 
 in the Centennial celebration of 
 1881». He subscribed |10,000 to 
 the guaranty fund to bring the 
 ^^■orld■s Fair to New York. He 
 organized the German- American 
 Cleveland Association in 1892. 
 As Treasurer of the iveform Club, 
 lie has been active in collecting its 
 fund of .f;300.000 for a new club- 
 house. He was born about lSo6 in 
 Muenster, Westi>lialia, attended the Catholic College of that place, 
 aTid, leaving before graduation, came to New Y(n'k in 1853. He was 
 married in 18G0, and has a son and two daughters. 
 
 LOUIS WINDMCELLKR. 
 
 LEGGETT, FRANCIS HOWARD, received an academic education, 
 and in 1S5G became clerk in a New York commission house. In 1862 
 he formed a partnership with an elder brother. In 1870 he withdrew, 
 and, with a younger brother, founded the present firm of Francis H. 
 Leggett & Company, wholesale grocers. In 1880 they erected the 
 building occupied by this firm. They have canning factories at Bur- 
 lington, N. J. Mr. Leggett is a member of the New York Chambei- 
 of Commerce, the Produce Exchange, and the Cotton Exchange. He 
 is a trustee of the Greenwich Savings Bank and a director of the Home 
 Insurance Company. For twelve years he was a director of the 
 National Park Bank. He is one of the council of the Charity Organi- 
 zation Society, and is a member of the Fifth Avenue Presbyterian 
 Cliurch. and the Union League, Merchants', and other clubs. He was 
 born in New York City, March 27, 1810, the son of Abraham Leggett 
 and Sarah, daughter of Eichard Lee. His father was a wholesale 
 livocer in New York, and om- of tlie founders of the ^Farket Bank. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 603 
 
 lie descends from Gabriel Leggett, au early settler of Westchester 
 County, New York, who manied Elizabeth, daughter of Johu Eich- 
 ardson, jjroprietor of several thousand acres in Westchester County 
 under a patent dated April 25, 166G. 
 
 EXGLIS, JOHX, who was born November 25, 1808, and died in 
 Brooklyn, October 25, 1888, was the son of a Scotchman who came to 
 America in 1795. He was educated in the public schools, and then 
 entered the shipyard of Smith & Dimond. Subsequently he became 
 foreman with Bishop & Simonson. In 1837 he built two steamboats 
 on Lake Erie. Eeturning to New York City he established his own sITip- 
 yard, where he constructed some eighty-nine steam vessels for river, 
 sound, and ocean traffic. In 18G1 he built for the Federal Govern- 
 ment the gunboat Unadilla in forty-eight days. He became a large 
 owner and an officer of the People's Line, between New York and 
 Albany, and was a. director of the International Line, the Maine Steam- 
 ship Company, the Charleston Line, the Knickerbocker Steamship 
 Company, the New York Ferry Company, the Union Feriw Company, 
 the Metropolitan FeiTy Company, and the Brighton Pier Company. 
 He was a member of the General Society of Mechanics and Tradesmen 
 and of other organizations. 
 
 ENGLIS. CHAELES MOETIMEE, at tlie head of the shipyards 
 established by his father, is also Presi(knit of the Wallabout Bank 
 of Brooklyn, and a director of the Brooklyn and New York Ferry 
 Company, the Union Ferry Comjiany, the New Jersey Steamboat 
 Company, the Maine Steamship Comjiany, the Portland Steamship 
 Company, the Norwalk and New York Steamboat Company, and the 
 \'ictoria'Fire Insurance Company. He is tlie builder of all the steam- 
 ers of the People's Line to Albany and the Citizens" Line to Troy. For 
 these lines he built the Adirondack, the Drew, the Dean Eichmond, the 
 St. Jolm, the City of Troy, and the Saratoga. For the New York 
 harbor traffic he built the Columbia and the Grand Eepublic. He 
 built the New Haven steamer, C. H. Northam; the Cuba steamers. 
 Villa Clara, Trinidad, and Gloria, and tlie Chinese steamers. Fire 
 Cracker, Fire Queen, and Kian-lo. He is a member of the Metropol- 
 itan, Union League, and Military clubs, of Manhattan Borough; tlie 
 St. Nicholas Society, the Downtown Association, the Chamber of 
 Commerce, and the Mechanics' and Traders' Society, of New York, 
 and the Hamilton, Oxford, Crescent Athletic, and Eiding and Driving 
 clubs, of Brooklyn. He was born in Eavenswood, L. I., December 14, 
 185G, and was educated in the New York University. He is the son 
 of John Englis and Jeannette A. Carrick. the grandson of John Englis 
 and Jeannette Magowan, and tlie great-grandson of John Englis and 
 Ann Cartwriaht. 
 
604 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 VAN DEN TOORN, WILLEM UENDIUK. licm-ral aiient of the 
 Xetberlauds-Amerifan Steam Navigation Company, was born in Rot- 
 terdam, Holland, June 24, 1856, and was educated in that city. He 
 entered the service of tlie Holland-American Line in April, 1881, as 
 chief clerk of the freight department at Rotterdam. In March, 1882, 
 he was appointed general agent at Amsterdam, while, since Septem- 
 ber, 1881, he has been general agent at New York City. He is a mem- 
 ber of the New York Chamber of Ciimmerce and the New York 
 Produce Exchange. 
 
 4ii- 
 
 <^ 
 
 BUTTEEFIELD, DANIEL, a merchant in New York City prior to 
 the Civil War, rose to the rank of iMajor-General of Volunteers and 
 brevet Brigadier-General of the United States Army " for gallant and 
 
 meiitorious conduct " during that 
 struggle: for some time was United 
 States Sub-Treasurer at New 
 York, and is now President of 
 tlie Albany and Troy Steamboat 
 Company, President of the Cold 
 Spring National Rank, President 
 of tlie Apartment Hotel Com- 
 pany, and a director of the 
 Citizens' Savings Bank. The son 
 of John Butterfield, he was born 
 in L'tica, N. Y., October 31, 1831, 
 was graduated from Union Col- 
 lege in 1819, and engaged in mer- 
 cantile pursuits in this city. Being 
 Colonel of the Twelfth New York 
 Militia when the war began, he 
 accompanied his regiment to 
 Washington, in July, 18til. He led 
 the advance over Long Bridge, joined General Patterson on the 
 Upp('r Potomac, and was made a brigade commander. On the enlarge- 
 ment of the regular army, he was commissioned Lieutenant-('olonel, 
 from May 11, 1861. Appointed Brigadier-General of ^'olunteers, Sep- 
 tember 7, 1861, he was assigned to the coi-ps of Fitz-Jolin Porter, under 
 whom he served through the Peninsula campaign, participating in 
 the actions of Hanover Court House, Mechanicsville, and Gaine's 
 Mill, being wounded in the latter. In command on tlie south side 
 of James River, he covered McClellan's retreat to Harrison Landing. 
 He was in the campaigns under Pope and McClellan, in August and 
 September, 1862. In October, 1862. he took command of Morell's 
 Division. November 22, 1862, he became 3Iajor-General of Volun- 
 teers, and July 1, 18(!3, was commissioned Colonel of the Fifth Infan- 
 try in tlie regular army. He commanded the Fiftli Cor])s at Fred- 
 
 GENKRAL DAXIKL liLTTKKKIKLU. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. G05 
 
 ericksburji-, Ya., aud was Chief of 8taff, Army of the Potomac, at 
 Chancellorsville and Gettvsbnr*;-. being wounded in tlie hitter battle. 
 In October, lS(i3, he was ordered to re-enforce Kosecrans's Army of 
 the Cnmberhuid. He was acting Cliief of Staff to Hooker at Lookout 
 Mountain, ^lissionary IMdge, Kinggold, and Pea Vine Creek. Ga., 
 and commanded a division of the Twentieth Corps at Buzzard's Roost, 
 Resaca, Dallas, New Hope Church, Kenesaw, and Lost Mountain, Ga. 
 During the war he published "Camp and Outpost Duty" (18(52). 
 From 18G5 to 18G9 he was Superintendent of the general recruiting- 
 service of the United States Army, with headquarters in New York. 
 In 1869 he resigned from the army and was appointed Sub-Treasurer. 
 
 ALDRIDGE, FUEDl^KK'K THURSTON, was with tlie New York 
 firm of Bowring & Ardiibald for a considerabk^ period prior to 1881, 
 when he resigned to accept the position of Teller with the Long Island 
 Loan and Trust Company, which was organized January 1, 1881. 
 Since 1888 he has been Secretary of this corporation. He was one of 
 the incorporators of the Brooklyn, Queens County and Suburban Rail- 
 road Coni]iany, and is a director of the Brooklyn Fire Brick "Works. 
 He is a veteran of the Twenty-third Regiment, N. G., N. Y., is a vestry- 
 man of the Church of the Holy Trinity, Brooklyn, is a trustee of the 
 Sheltering Arms Nursery, is Auditor of the Brooklyn Old IMen's 
 Home, and is a member of the Apollo and Crescent Athletic clubs, 
 the Sons of the Revolution, and the Manufacturers' Association of 
 New York. He was born in Brooklyn, September 3, 1859, and was 
 educated in the Brooklyn schools. He is the son of Volney Aldridge 
 and Harriet E., daughter of Andrew Clark Hull and Betsey Morse, 
 and is the grandson of Benjamin Aldridge and Lydia Lewis. His ma- 
 ternal great-grandfather. Dr. Titus Hull, served throughout the Revo- 
 lution as an officer in the Continental Army, Avhile his great-grand- 
 uncle was Commodore Isaac Hiill, who commanded the United States 
 frigate Constitution during the War of 1812. Beginning with Dr. 
 Titus Hull, the maternal line of descent goes back through five gen- 
 erations of pliysicians. Dr. Titus was the son of Dr. ZeiiJiaiiiali Hull, 
 who was son of Dr. John Hull, the son of Dr. Benjamin Hull, who in 
 turn was son of the Dr. John Hull who, in 1687, received a land-grant 
 of seven hundred acres for his services in King Philip's War. His 
 father, Richard Hull, was born in Derbyshire, England, and took the 
 oath in Dorchester, Mass., in 1634. 
 
 SNOW, ELBRIDGE GERRY, Vice-President of the H.mu' Insur- 
 ance Company of New York, was born in Barkhamsted. Conn., Janu- 
 ary 22, 1841. and. when an infant, accompanied his ]>arents, lOllu-idge 
 Geri"y Snow. Sr., and Eunice Woodruff, to Waterbuiy. Cdnii., where 
 his father practiced medicine. Mr. Snow receive<l an academic edu- 
 cation, and began the study of law, which he relincpiislied lo cnlei' tlie 
 insurance office of John W. Snuth. In 1862 he came to New York 
 
606 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 City, and entered tlie office of the Home Insurance Company. From 
 1871 to 1ST3 be was interested in an ai>'encT firm in the city, but again 
 returned to the home office, and soon after was made State Agent for 
 Massachusetts, with headquai'tei's in Boston. There he organized the 
 firm of Hollis & Snow. Subsequently he was called from the field 
 and made Assistant Secretary. In 18SS he became Vice-President 
 and Director of the Company. Since 1861 he has been an Odd Fel- 
 low, while he is a member of the Veteran Firemen's Society of New 
 York, the New York Geological Society, the Xew England Society, 
 the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and the American Museum of Nat- 
 ural His-tory. He married, September 5, 1865, Miss Frances Janet 
 Thompson, and has a son — Elbridge Gen'y Snow, Jr. 
 
 ISHAM. WILLIAM BRADLEY, since 1885 has been a director and 
 Vice-President of the Bank of the Metroiwlis. He has been one of 
 the conspicuous figures in the leather trade, haying been engaged 
 in business in this city as a leather merchant from 1819 until his re- 
 tirement in 1892. He was born in Ulster County, New York, the son 
 of Charles Isham and Flora Bradley, both of whom were born in Hart- 
 ford County, Connecticut, and, after their marriage, settled in Maiden, 
 tUster County, N. Y. Mr. Isham's father was the proprietor of a large 
 general business at Maiden. Haying receiyed an academic education, 
 ^Ir. Isliam engaged in business with his father and uncle at Maiden. 
 They had furnished capital for the establishment in New York of the 
 house of George Palen, leather dealers. In 1849, Mr. Isham came to 
 this city to engage with this firm. Fiye years later he pursued the 
 same business in his own name, and so continued until his retirement 
 in 1892. He is a trustee of the Bond and Mortgage Guarantee Com- 
 pany, and was formerly a director and Vice-President of the old Union 
 Bank. He is a member of the Metropolitan and Biding clubs, the 
 Downtown Association, the Uptown Association, and the New Eng- 
 land Society. His sons are Charles Isham, the lawyer; Samuel Isham, 
 the artist, and William B. Isham, Jr., who is in his father's office on 
 Wall Street. 
 
 TURNEB, ARCHIBALD, President of the Franklin Sayings Bank, 
 was bom in Delaware County, New York, in 1831, the son of Duncan 
 Turner and Mary Clarke. His father was of Scotch descent, while 
 his mother was born in England. Mr. Turner receiyed an academic 
 education, and engaged in business as a manufacturer of fruit sirups 
 and cordials, in partnership with his fiye brothers, some of whom had 
 as early as 1811 established themselyes in this line at Buffalo, N. Y. 
 Branch entei-prises were established in New York City and San Fran- 
 cisco, Mr. Turner being a partner in the New York City business. In 
 1865, howeyer, his firm engaged in business as pr-iyate bankers and 
 stock brokers. They built the block on the east side of Nassau Street, 
 between Cedar and Pine, where the Fourth National Bank is now 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 607 
 
 located. lu 1S73 this business was sold. A little later Mr. Turner 
 resumed as a stoc-kbroker under the style of Turner, Manuel & Com- 
 pany. After bis election as President of the Franklin Savings Bank 
 in 1889, he became special partner in this firm. 'Slv. Turner was elected 
 a trustee of the Franklin Savings Bank in 1882. He is a manager of 
 the New York Infant Asylum, and is a member of the Union League 
 and Colonial clubs. 
 
 OAKLEY, WILLIAM HENRY, until recently President of the Citi- 
 zens' Bank of New York City, was born here, in January, 1827, the 
 son of Charles and Margaret Oakley. His father was a merchant, 
 descended from ancestors who came to this country from England 
 during the early colonial period. Mr. Oakley attended the public 
 schools, and, at the age of fourteen, became clerk in a wholesale drug 
 establishment. In May, 1851, he entered the service of the Citizens' 
 Bank. He was its cashier from October, 1805, to September, 1882, 
 when he became its President. He was also a director of the Man- 
 hattan Savings Institution and the Manhattan Life Insurance Com- 
 pany, and was Treasurer (if the American Institute. lie was a mem- 
 ber of the Union League Club. He maiiicd, in ()((<ihpr, 1851, Adele 
 D. Suydani. She dieil in 1893. He died in February, 1899. 
 
 JACKSON. FREDEPJC \YENDELL, was graduated fmin Colum- 
 bia College in 1804, and has long been engaged in business in New 
 York as a member of the New York Stock Exchange, and as interested 
 in railroad construction. He has been a trustee of schools in West- 
 chester County and New York City. He is President of the Country 
 Club of Westchester County, and is a member of the Metropolitan, 
 Union League, University, Keforni, and Grolier clubs, and the Society 
 of the Sons of the Revolution. He was born in Staten Island. N. Y., 
 December 11, 1845, and is the son of Rev. Charles D. Jackson, 1>.D., 
 and Elizabeth, daughter of John Wheeler, of Dover, N. H., and grand- 
 daughter of Rev. Jose]di Wheeler, who served as chaplain to Wash- 
 ington in the Revolution. Mr. Jackson's father was for twenty-five 
 years Rector of St. Peter's, Westchester, N. Y., and was the first Dean 
 of the Episcopal Churcji in America. His grandparents on the pater- 
 nal side were John Jaikson and Mary Wendell. John Jackson came 
 from Suffolk, England. Mary Wendell was a lineal descendant of 
 Evart Wendell, who settled in Albany. N. Y., in 1040, Througli his 
 mother, Mr. Jackson also descends from Lieutenant Thomas Wheeler, 
 the first Magistrate of the town of Westchester by appointment of 
 Governor Stuyvesant in 1050. Mr. Jackson married Louise, daugh- 
 ter of the late Frederic C. Havemeyer. 
 
 BULL, WILLIAM LANMAN. since 1807 a member of the banking 
 firm of Edward Sweet & Company, has twice been President of the 
 New York Stock Exchange, and has long been prominently con- 
 
608 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 nectcd with the lailiojid iulcrests of the country. He is iiuw Presi- 
 dent of the St. Joseph and Grand Ishind Kaihvay Comiiauy, Presi- 
 dent of the Alaska Raih\ay and Transportation Company, a director 
 and ni('nil)er of the Reorjianization Coniniittec of the Wisconsin Cen- 
 tral Kailroad Company, a director and mcmlicr of the Reoroanizatioii 
 Committee of the Louisville, Evans\illc and Si. Louis Railroad Com- 
 pany, a director of the New York, Sus(|uclLanna and Western Railroad 
 Company, a director of the Oreiion Ifailroad and Navijiation Com- 
 pany, and a director of the Baltimore and ( )liio Southwestern Rail- 
 way Comjiany. He is also N'ice-President of the Mount IMeasant (iold 
 Mines Company, Vice-President of the Tomboy (toUI Jlines Company, 
 a trustee of the ^letro])<ditan Trust Company, a director of the New 
 
 York Quotation Company, and 
 a member of the Governing Com- 
 "^^""^K mittee of the New York Stock Ex- 
 
 f W\ (dian,n-e. Ue has likewise been 
 
 I ,v^^\ prominently connected with the 
 
 Northern Pacific, the East Ten- 
 nessee, A'irjiinia and (Jeoriiia, the 
 Atchison, Topeka and Santa F^ 
 and other roads. Tie is a mem- 
 ber of the Cniou, Metroi)olitan, 
 Century, City, University, Riding-, 
 Gi-(dier, Players', (liurch, and 
 Mendelssohn Glee clubs, the Sons 
 of the American Revolution, the 
 Society of ]Maytlow('i- T>('scendants, 
 and the New England Society. He 
 married, in 1S70, Tassie M., daugh- 
 ter of Henry R. Worthington, 
 and has two sons — Frederic 
 Henry Worthington and William 
 Lanman, Ji-. ^h: Pull was born 
 in New York City August 2o, 1844, and passed from the ('ollege of 
 the City of New York into the banking house of Edward Sweet & 
 Comjiany, the head of the firm being his brother-in-law. He is the so]i 
 of the late 1^'rederic Bull, a i)rominenI New York citizen and business 
 man, and Mary Huntington Lanman. His lineal ancestcu" in this 
 (■(umtry, Hon. Henry Bull, was boiii in ItilO in Southern Wales, ar- 
 rived in ]\Iassachusetts Bay Ccdony in Kioo, threw in his fortunes with 
 Roger Williams, and was one of the seven original iiroprietors of 
 New])ort in lO^.S, and among other dignities was Ciovernor of Rliode 
 Island in 1(;8.">-S»; and KiStt-lMI. 
 
 WII.1.I.\M I..\.\MAN HILL. 
 
 OLCOTT, HORATIO LEONARD, from 1SV,2 to ISt;.". hehl a respon- 
 sible ]iosition in the Wai- Depai'tment at Washington under Secretary 
 
HiNLi'CLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. (JO!) 
 
 uf War Stautou. For twenty-live years be has been a member of the 
 New York Stock Exchange. From 1892 to 1S9T he was also Cashier 
 of the Central National Bank of Cherry Valley, X. Y. He was 
 born iu Cherry Y'alley, June 8, 1839, the son of Horatio J. Olcott and 
 Harriett M. Olcott. His father w^as a bank president, while for sev- 
 eral generations the paternal ancestors were bankers. Throngli his 
 mother he descends from John Alden. Mr. Olcott was educated at 
 Cherry Valley, and served as Teller in his father's bank prior to ac- 
 cepting the Government position already referred to. He married, 
 October 11, 1866, Ella Jackson, of New Y^ork. Their children are 
 Emma, Marion, Harriet, J. Perry, and Horace W. Olcott. 
 
 lIEPBUIfN, ALONZO BARTON, was born in Colton, N. ^ ., July 
 21, 1846; attended Middlcburg College, but did not graduate; was 
 Instructor in Mathematics at Ht. Lawrence Academy, and in 1870 be- 
 came Principal of the Ogdensburg Educational Institute. He stud- 
 ied law and began its jiractice at Colton, N. Y. In 1875 he was elected 
 to the New York Assembly. Soon aftenvard the New York Cham- 
 ber of Commerce nominated him a member of the Railroad Comniis- 
 sion of the State. In 1880, Governor Cornell api>ointed him Suiicrin- 
 tendent of the Banking Department of the State of New York, a posi- 
 tion which he held for three years. He w as National Bank Examiner 
 for the district embracing New Yoi-k City from 1889 to 1892. and in 
 the latter year was appointed United States Comi)troller of the Cur- 
 rency. Tliis office he resigned in May, 1893, to accept his election as 
 I'res'ident of the Third National Bank of New York City. On June 1, 
 1897, the Third National Bank was consolidated with the National 
 City Bank, Mr. Hepburn becoming A'ice-President of the latter insti- 
 tution. At the time of the consolidation the aggregate deposits 
 amounted to fifty millions. Within a few months they exceeded one 
 hundred millions. 
 
 Bli;i), JOSEPH, has been President of the Manhattan Savings In- 
 stitution since January, 1894, succeeding Edward Schell in that posi- 
 tion, lb' was born in New York City in 1838, the son of M. Deuison 
 Bird and Henrietta Hayward, his father being in the marble business. 
 Mr. Bird attended the New Y(U'k imblic schools and the Free Academy 
 (now the College of the City of New Yoi-k ), and, at the age of fifteen, 
 entered the service of the Manhattan Savings histitution. This was 
 in 1854. He has been connected with it confinuously since, rising 
 throngli the different ])ositioiis to the rivsidmcy. He is also a director 
 of the Citizens' Bank and tlie :\lanliattan Life Insurance Company. 
 He married, in IStll, N'eronica C., daughter of George W. Ackerman, 
 of New York City, and has five children living— Florence S. Ford. 
 Marie Louise, Constant Mayer, now Paying Teller of the Maidiattan 
 Savings Institution; William, and Ada V. Bird. 
 
610 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 -MlLLy, ANDIJEW, Avas Secretary and Treasurer of the Dry Dock 
 Savings Institution from 1877 to 1888. and in the latter year was 
 elected its President. He resigned in 1893 to accept the Presidency 
 of the State Trust Company, but, in January, 1895, resigned from the 
 latter office and resumed the Presidency of the Dry Dock Savings In- 
 stitution. He is also a trustee of the American Surety Company and 
 the State Trust Comjiany, and is a. director of the National Uroadway 
 Bank, the Manhattan Life Insurance Company, and the Stuyvesant 
 Insurance Company. lie is a member of the Union League and Pres- 
 byterian clubs. He is the S(3n of the late Andrew Mills, a leading ship- 
 joiner in this city, who became one of the founders of the Diw Dock 
 Savings Institution in 1818. and was its President from 1854 to 1879. 
 
 VAX DEE EMDE, REINHOLD, was born in (lermauy in 1842, 
 received his education there, and in 1867 came to America. He had 
 learned the pharmacy business in Germany, and followed the same 
 in this country. In ISiiU he established the drug store at the corner 
 of the Bowery and Second Street, New York City. He remained in 
 this business until 1893, when he organized the Yorkville Bank. He 
 has since been President of this institution. He was also one of the 
 founders and is one of the directors of the American Brewing Company 
 of Rochester, N. Y. He is a member of the Liederkranz. In 1872 he 
 married Eugenia Faber. They have no children. 
 
 RAE, ROBERT, was born in New York City, February 14, 1853, 
 the son of Robert and Sarah M. l{ae, his father being a drygoods mer- 
 chant of New York. His paternal great-gTandfather came from Scot- 
 land to New York City in 1788. His mother was also of Scotch de- 
 scent. He was graduated from the College of the City of New York 
 in 1863, and entered the cotton business with William Woodward, Jr., 
 afterward head of the firm of Woodward & Stillnian. He next became 
 a member of the tirm of William H. Brodie & Company, and was a 
 member of the Cotton Exchange. From 1880 to 1884 he was Resident 
 Agent of James P. Coates in Florida, where they have mills. In 1884 
 he removed to Brooklyn and engaged in the real estate business in 
 partnershij) with his brother, under the firm style of William P. Rae 
 & Company. In January, 1894, he estaltlislied the Long Island Title 
 Guarantee Conii>any, and has since been its first Secretary and Gen- 
 eral Manager. He is a member of the Royal Arcanum and of Aurora 
 Grata Lodge, No. 756, Free and Accepted Masons. He married, in 
 1877, Yinnie N., daughter of ^latthew F. Wood, of Brooklyn, of the 
 McKellap & Spragne Business Agency, and has a daughter — ^Iab<^l 
 E. Rae. 
 
 BRANCH. JAMES RANSOM, was born in Petersburg, Va., De- 
 cember 14, 1863, attended tlie schools of General Robert Ransom, Ca]i- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. Gil 
 
 tain W. (ioidon .Mc('abe, and ("olnncl Tlidiuas Carter, and IJiclininiid 
 ('(illctiC and in 1881 bet'anie a (dt-rk in the Merchants' National Bank 
 of Kichmoud, Va. He .sub.seciuently eni;a<;ed iu stoek-raisin<i-, bnt, in 
 181)1, returned to this bank, in August, 1895, lie was appointed Na- 
 tional Bank Examiner, while, on October 27, 1895, he was elected 
 Secretary of the American Bankers' Association. As a member of the 
 City Council of Richmond, he was active in unearthing the defalca- 
 tions in that city goyernment. He rose to the rank of Lieutenant- 
 Colonel iu the First Cavalry, X'irginia \'()lunteers. He was one of 
 the Board of Governors who founded the New York Mining Exchange. 
 He is a member of the Elks. Odd Fellows, and Bed Men, the Kepub- 
 licau Club of Manhattan Borough, the Bichmond County Country 
 Club, and the Stateu Island Critdcet Club. His father, Colontd James 
 R. Branch, was Chief of Artillery in Ransom's Division, Army of North- 
 ern Virginia, during the Civil War, while his grandfather, Thomas 
 Branch, was a member of the Confederate CongTess. He descends 
 from Christopher Branch, wlio settled at Arrowhattocks, Henrico 
 County, "N'a., in l(>3-t. 
 
 COWING, JAMES RADCLIFFE, since January. 1892, has been 
 Second Vice-President and Secretary of the Franklin Trust Company 
 of Brooklyn, and is also a trustee and Treasurer of the Franklin Safe 
 Deposit Company. He was born in Brooklyn. July 11, 1841, attended 
 private schools until fourteen years of age, and fnuu 1855 to 1859 at- 
 tended the Brooklyn College and Polytechnic Institute. In 1859 he be- 
 came a clerk in a leather manufactory, subsecjuently was a clerk in an 
 oil lelining bu.siness, and, for about seven years, was engaged in bank- 
 ing. For thirteen years he was with David Dows & Company. For 
 seven years he was Assistant Secretaiy and Assistant Treasurer of the 
 Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad Comiiany in New Ycu'k, re- 
 signing in 1892 to accept his present otlices in the Franklin Trust ('om- 
 l)aTiy. He is a trustee of the Soutii Brooklyn Savings Institution, the 
 Peoria and Bureau Valley Railroad Com])any, the Keokuk and Des 
 MoinesRailroad Conipany,an(l the Brooklyn IIomeo]tathic Hosjiilal; is 
 a Vestryman and Treasurer of Christ ( Miurch, South Brooklyn, and is a 
 member of the Hamilton and the ^larine and Field clubs of Brooklyn. 
 He is the son of James A. Cowing and Jidia M., daughter of Jerry 
 Radcliffe; is the grandson of Calvin Cowing and Ruth Bissell; is the 
 great-grandson of John Cowing and Lydia Fuller, and is gveatgreat- 
 grandson of John Cowing and Margan^t Kirkland. 
 
 SPl^.^GFE, NATHAN TFRNER, President of the Spragiie Na- 
 tional Bank of Brooklyn, was born in .Mount Holly, \i.. June 22. 1828, 
 was educated at P.randon Academy, and look charge of a store. At 
 the end of tive years he i)nrchased a farm at WalliHglord. Vt., and at 
 one time operated twelve farms. I'or eight years he was Pi-esidenI 
 
612 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 of tlu- Kraiidini I'aiiiicis' aiKl .Mcclianics" Club, for «x years was Presi- 
 dent of the N'eriiiout ^Icriiio Sheep J'.reeders' Association, and for six 
 years was President of the American Ajiricultural Association of the 
 United States. In 1S04 he oruanizcd the h'irst National Bank of 
 Brandon, Vt., was its tirst Vice-1'resident, and succeeded his fathei- 
 as its President, lie was one of the or!j;anizers of the Baxter National 
 Bank of Butlaud, Vt., in ISTd. In ISCT he purchased tlie Howe Scale 
 Coiapany of Brandon, \t., enlarged its business four hundred per cent., 
 and i( lired from its maiiai;eiiient in ISTO. He served many terms in 
 the Vermont Assembly, and in ISTl! was elected to the Stati' Senate. 
 He refused the liepul)lican nomination for (ixoyernor of Vermont. In 
 1876 he erected tlie \'erniont State Building at the Philadeli)hia Expo- 
 sition. Beinii reiiiiliursed by tlie State, he founded tlie Spraiiiie Cen- 
 tennial Library, at Brandon, Vt., 
 witli this money. In 1ST9 he in-' 
 yested lariiely in real estate in 
 Brooklyn, and, in 1883, was one of 
 
 \ 
 
 % 
 
 X the orfianizers of the Sprague 
 
 National Bank in that city. He 
 has always l)een its President. In 
 1888 he secured tlie desijiiiation of 
 Brooklyn by the ('omiitroller of tlie 
 Currency as a central reserve city. 
 In 188G he organized the City 
 Savings Bank of Bro(dclyn. In 
 1SS7 he i)ureliased the Northwest- 
 ern and Florida Railroad, becom- 
 ing its President. He is President 
 of the East Greenwich ^^"ater 
 Supply Company of Rhode Island, 
 is President of tlie Bay Sliore 
 Water Supply Company, and is a 
 trustee of the Brooklyn Dispen- 
 sary, the Brooklyn Frc^e Library, the Berkeley Institute, and the Han- 
 son Place Baptist Chureh. His tirst wife, Minerva Hull, of ^Valling- 
 ford, Vt., whom he married in 1849, died in 1856. By her he had a 
 daughter — Flora. In 18.")!) he married ^lelinda J. Evans, of S])riiig- 
 tield, Ohio. She died in 188.J. By her Mr. Sprague had a son, who 
 was born in 1862, and died in 1896. In 1886, he married Elizabeth 
 Harrison, of Brooklyn. Mr. Sprague is the son of Hon. Nathan Turner 
 Si)rague and Susan Button. His father was a Judge, and for nineteen 
 yeai-s a member of the Vermont Legislature. His first paternal ances- 
 tor settled at Salem, Mass., in 1639. 
 
 NAlllA.N iLl;.Ml; ^ri;Ai.ll. 
 
 FREEMAN, WELDON WINANS, attended the public scho(ds of 
 Listowel, Ontario, Canada; in 1888 was graduated from the Colle- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK RIOGRAPHY G13 
 
 giate of that place; served as clei-k with Hay Brotiii-is, millers, of 
 lastowel; s])ent several iiionths with ik'ss limthers, the largest fui-iii- 
 tiire manufacturers iu Canada, and, in Fehruai-y, ISS'.I, caiue to Brook- 
 lyn and entered the employ of the Edison Eleetrie llluiniuating Com- 
 pany as stenographer. He was gradually advanced, and in Jainiary, 
 1895, was elected Assistant Secretary of the comiiauy. lie has been 
 Seci.'tary since .January, 1898. He is also Secretary of the Citizens' 
 Electric Hluminaling Comjiany of Brooklyn, and of the Municipal 
 Electric Light ('omi)auy, cor^iorations owned by the Edison Company. 
 In 1892 and 1893 he was Secretary of the Brooklyn Christian Endeavor 
 Union, and in 1891 and 189.") was its Bresident. He is Su])erinteiuleni 
 of the Park Avenue Sunday-school, the largest in Brooklyn. He is a 
 member of the Congregational Club of Brooklyn, and Chairman of its 
 Executive Committee. He is an ofHcer of the Touqikins Avenue Con- 
 gregational Church. He nuirried, June ."i, lS9.j, Ellen, daughter of 
 Chester Davis Burrows, .Jr., a well-known Brooklyn merchant, and has 
 one cliild — Louise IMiilli]is Freeman. He was himself liorn in Exeter, 
 (>ntario, ("anada, -Fuue 8, 1872, and is the son of Asaliel l>avis Freeman 
 and Louisa Ann, daughter of Henry B. Wiuaus, M.D. Through his 
 father he descends from tlie Black fannly, who w(M'e pioneers in Nova 
 Scotia. Through his nn)ther he descends from William <"aison, who 
 sei-Aed under Cornwallis in the subjugation of Ireland, and subse- 
 quently in the American Bevolutioii as a united empire loyalist. He 
 built the tirst frame house iu Prince Edwaid < 'ounty. Canada. On the 
 maternal side Mr. Freeman also descends fi-om the Van Dusen family, 
 who were united empire loyalists of Holland descent. 
 
 EOSSITEB, WALTEK KIX(i, atteiuled the public schools, the 
 Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute, and the \Vilt(m (Conn.) Preparatory 
 School, and in 18(!8 became bookkeeper for the New York Guaranty 
 and Indemnity Conqtany. In .Tanuary, 1882, he was elected Secretary 
 and Treasurer of the Fulton .Municipal Cas Company of Brooklyn. 
 Since November, 189(i, lie has been Assistant Secretary and Assistant 
 to the President of the Brooklyn Union (ias Company. He is a mem- 
 ber and a director of the Oxford Club of Brooklyn. He was born in 
 St. Louis, ]Mo., May 25, 1840, the son of Lucius Little Rossiter and 
 Mary, daughter of Van Wyck Wickes. His grandfather, Tlu)mas 
 Wickes, was a Major iu the Continental Army. His great-great-grand- 
 father. Nathaniel Bossiter, of Guilford, Conn., was a Magistrate, Re- 
 corder, and a member of the Connecticut Assend)ly. He descends 
 from Edward Bossiter, born in London, England, in 1001, who became 
 a founder of Dorchester, Mass., in 1031, and the same year commenced 
 the rirst settlement in Connecticut, at Windsor. The son of this man, 
 P.iay Bossiter, M.D., also in the direct line, Avas Magistrate, Becor<ler. 
 and Physician at Windsor foi' many years, in 1051 I'emoving to Guil- 
 ford. 
 
614 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 WlOSTEin'ELT, ^^■ALTEK, has been Cashier of tlic .Mutual Bank 
 of Alaiihattan Borough «uoe its oryauizatiou, iu June, ISOO. He is its 
 practical executive mauager. He was born in New Jersey, in April. 
 1844, and is the son of (Jarret J. Westeryelt and his wife, Harriet. 
 The ancestors, established for many generations in this country, came 
 originally from Holland. His father was a farniei". Mr. Westeiwelt 
 was educated in Trenton, X. J., and became a boidckeeper. He is a 
 Commissioner (if Appeals. He was married, in February, 1871. to 
 Lizzie Auryansen, and has three children — Harriet, Tillic, ;iud 1>. 
 Spencer Westervelt. He resides in Englewood. X. J. 
 
 BIkSBELL, JOHN NEWTON, was born in Grenville Couuly, Onta- 
 rio, Canada, July 1, 1802, his father being a farmer; attended the 
 common schools at Alg(in(|uin, Ontario, and the college and normal 
 school, at Athens, Ontario, and, in 1883, came to New York and en- 
 gaged with the ;\Iiiniri](al Electric Light Company of Brooklyn. Since 
 18!tO he has beeu Secretary and (Jeneral Managei- of this (-(n-poration. 
 He was one of the original stocklndders of the Kings County Tiust 
 Com])any, and is a stockludder and Secretary of the Ne\\t<)\\u Light 
 and Power Company. He is a member of tlie Hanover ('lub of 
 Brooklyn, the Boyal Arcanum, and of various ^lasonic orders. He 
 is the son of Artemas Bissell and .Mary, daughter of ^Michael \\'iiglit, 
 a relati\e of rxovernor Silas Wright, of New York. His paternal great- 
 graiidjiarents were Conuecticut loyalists, who removed to Canada at 
 the time of the Kevoluliou. 
 
 SELKLMAN, JOSEPH, was the head of the banking house of Sel- 
 igman Brothers from its organization in 1S(')1 until his death, in 
 April, 1880, and was the eldest of the eight remarkable brothers who 
 eventually constituted the firm, tlie others being Jesse, William, 
 Abialiam, Leopold, Isaac, James, and Henry. Of these, Josejdi, 
 Jesse, and James resided in fliis city, and directed the general policy 
 of the house; Leopcdd and Isaac ucre at the head of tlie London house; 
 ^^■il]ianl ]ii-eside(l over the house iu Paris, while Abraham and Henry 
 directed the house at Erankrorl. Branch hotises were also established 
 at Amsterdam, San I'rancisco, and New Orleans, and intimate con- 
 nections were made with leading baiddng tirnis of SonlJi America 
 and the \Yest Indies, lioiii in P.aiesdoif, Bavaria, in 1823. Jose])h 
 was also the tii-st of I lie luotliers to (•(uue to America, arriving at 
 New York in 1S;!8. He fonnd <'niiiloynient with the late Judge Asa 
 Packer, of Pennsylvania, soon became his Private Secr<'tary, and 
 prescTitly was made Casliiei- of the bank at Nesqiielioning, Pa , con- 
 I lolled by Judge Packer. In 1S41 he engaged in the <loIhiug business 
 iu Alabama, and at tlie end of seven years established himself in the 
 same line oti <'hiin-]i Street in this citv. He had nieantinie induced 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 615 
 
 several of his brothers to come to Aiiicricji, and all eventually nnited 
 their energies in tlie business, llavini; accnnnilated lar.<j,e fortunes, 
 the banking house Avas establislicd in lS(;i. Like each of the other 
 brotliers, Joseph had the advantaLic of a liood education, whicli the 
 conifortal)h' circumstances of the jiaivnts luid enabled them to be- 
 stow. 
 
 I 
 
 
 
 Willi' 
 
 SELKJiMAN, JESSE, in April, ISSO, succeeded his brother Joseph 
 as head of the famous liankimi, house of Seli;iinian Brother.s, and so 
 continued until his own 
 death. He was a di- 
 rector of the Rank of 
 New Amsterdam and 
 many other important 
 corporations. A promi- 
 nent member of the 
 Temple Emaiiu-El on 
 Eifth Avenue, and Pres- 
 ident of the Hebrew 
 Orjihau Asylum, he was 
 a liberal supporter of 
 benevolent organi- 
 zations and piiblic proj- 
 ects irrcs]iective of 
 creed (U- nationality. 
 He was a trusted ad- 
 \isei' of Secretary Sher- 
 iiian in the refunding' 
 measures of 1871), and 
 his firm took |20,0(l(l,- 
 (10(1 of tli(^ .*ir)0,000,000 
 of bonds tlum placed 
 upon the market. He 
 was lariicly interested 
 in the Southern Eail- 
 T'oad system extending 
 through the Southwest 
 to ^le.xico. Rorn in 
 
 I'.aicsdorf, Ravaiia, in 1825, well educated, and following his brolhcr 
 Jos('])h to this country in 1S4(), lie was engaged iri the clothing business 
 in California and New York prior to the establishment of the hanking 
 house in IStil. Of his three sons, the second, Henry, succeeded him. 
 The eldest, Tlieod(U'e, studied law after his graduation frcmi Harvard, 
 and is ill jiractice in this city. I'he third, Albert, having been gradu- 
 ated from the Troy I'olyteclmic Institute 
 neering in Saxony. 
 
 .IKS.sk SELI(iM.\N. 
 
 studied luiniTiu and enui- 
 
616 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 kSELl(jiIA2\, liSAAC N., lit'iid uf tliu baukiuti Liuuse uf Seligman 
 Brothers, is a member of the Advisory Committee of the Audit Com- 
 pany, and a director of tlie Western New York and Pennsylvania 
 Eailway Company, tlie St. Louis and San Francisco liailroad Com- 
 pany, the North Shore Traction Company, the ^Vestern Gas Company, 
 and the City and Suburban Homes ('ompany. Born on Staten Island, 
 K. Y., July 10, isr>t>, lie is the son of the late Joseph W. Seli.oman, 
 founder of the banking firm and its head until his death in ISSO. He 
 attended the Columbia College Grammar School and was graduated 
 with honors from Columbia College in 187(3, having been President 
 of his class. He was also a member of the famous Columbia crew, 
 which in 1874 vanquished Harvard, Yale, and nine other colleges on 
 Saratoga Lake. In 1877 and 1878 he was connected with the New 
 Orleans branch of the Seligman house, and in 1870 entered the New 
 York firm. He was for some years associated with his uncle, Jesse, 
 in the management of its aft'aii-s, and since his death has been head 
 of the house. He was appointed by President Setli Low one of a 
 committee to raise funds for new college grounds for Columbia. He 
 is a member of the Lotos, L^ni versify Atliletic, and other clubs, and 
 was formerly a member of the Union League. For some years he was 
 President of the Columbia College Boat Club. In 1883 he was married 
 to Guta, daughter of Sohimon Loeb. of the banking firm of Kuhn, 
 Loeb & Company. 
 
 SELIGMAN, HENEY, second son of the late Jessi- Seligman, 
 became his successor in the banking house of Seligman Broth- 
 ers. He has displayed much of the conservative financial ability 
 which characterized his father. He is President of the Standard Air 
 Brake Company, and a director of William Cramp ,k Sons Ship and 
 Engine Building Company, the Welsbach Commercial Company, the 
 United Smelting and Befining Company, the Helena and Livingston 
 Smelting and Beduction Company, the Kings County Traction Com- 
 pany, the Atlantic Avenue Bailroad Company, the Citizens' Gas 
 Ccmipany. the Buffalo City Gas Company, the Buffalo Gas Light 
 ('oni](auy, tlie Buffalo Mutual Gas Light Company, and the Syracuse 
 Gas Company. 
 
 BISHOP, GEOEGE STABR, was born in New Lon(h.n, Cnnii.. May 
 1, 1832, the sou of Gordon Tracy Bishop and Hamet Kimball. He 
 attended the public schools, subsequently becoming clerk in a large 
 retail store. At the age of eighteen he came to New York City and 
 became bookkeeper in a wholesale grocery establishment. Subse- 
 <|uently. ft)r foui-teen years, he was Accountant in the East Bivcr Sav- 
 ings Banlc of N(nv York City. He organized the German Sa\ings Bank 
 of Brooklyn in 18r>(;, and has been its Cashier since that date. For 
 sixteen vears he was Tr(»astirer of the .Vmericau Lenion of ITonoi-. and 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 (<!■ 
 
 for seveuteeu years was Treasurer of the Kni<ilits of Houor. He mar- 
 ried, in 1856, Mary C. Serris, of Edfjarstown, ^iass. Slie is iio\v dead, 
 as are three of their Ave children. Those livinii are Georgia na Hen- 
 rietta, and Elmer Hamilton. In llSSl, Mr. Bishop married Gertrude A. 
 Zoerrey. 
 
 WHEELEE, CHARLES EMERY, attended the public ^diools of 
 Brooklyn and a business collciie. at tliirTcen years of age entered the 
 wholesale drygoods establishment of Bradley tS; Smith, of New York 
 City, and, at the age of sixteen, entered the employ of the luiuber tirm 
 of -Tolmsou & Spader, of Brooklyn. This business was subseijuently 
 closed uji, when he entered the employ of the .Mechanics' Bank of 
 Brooklyn. Having held nearly all tlie lower positions, for mtnv than 
 five years he has been Cashier of tlds institution. He served as one 
 of the commissioners of the Tennessee Centennial Kxiiibition. He be- 
 longs to the Congregational Club of Brooklyn and other organiza lions. 
 He was born in Butt'alo, X. Y., Xovember IS, 184:8, and is the son of 
 ^Yil]iam Wheeler and Evelyn A., daughter of Stephen Williamson. 
 
 IHCmrOXH. HEAX, was born in Barnard, Yt.. Mixvih .".1. 1804, 
 and died in New York City, at the home of tlie late Samuel -T. Tilden, 
 
 August 27, 1806. His father, 
 
 Hathaway Richmond, Avas born at 
 Taunton, Mass., where his ances- 
 tors were long seated. Hathaway 
 R'chmond removed with his family 
 from Yermont to Salina, N. Y., in 
 1812, and engaged in salt manu- 
 facture. Business reverses over- 
 taking him. he went south, and 
 (lied at Moliile, Ala. At tifteen 
 years of age, Dean Richmond took 
 charge of his father's business as a 
 salt manufacturer, and at once 
 became successful. P>efo.re he was 
 twenty-one years of age he was a 
 <lirector in a Syracuse bank. In 
 1842 he establislied himself in busi- 
 ness at Buffalo as a shipper and 
 dealer in Western produce. He 
 made liis residence at Attica, 
 
 X. Y., however, and subsequently at Batavia, X. V.. wjiere ids daugli- 
 ter, Mrs. A. R. Kenney, now resides. At Buffalo lie bnili nji an ex- 
 tensive business, also becoming interested in railroad enteiprises. He 
 was one of the organizers of the New Y'ork Central Railroad Company 
 bv the consolidation of seven corporations, and was clnetly instru- 
 
 DKAX KICliMllMi, 
 
618 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 ludital iu sfcui-in.;;- tlu' passa.yc liy the J>e;;islature of the act cousuui- 
 mating this achievement. He was Vice-Piesideut nf the new coi^po- 
 lation from its or.iianization in IS."):' nntil 1S(U, ami was President of 
 the Xew York Central from 1804 nntil las death two years later. He 
 was long a leader of the Democratic party in this State, and for several 
 years was Chairman of the Democratic State Committee. He refnsed 
 to permit the consideration of his name as Democratic candidate for 
 the Presidencv of the United States in 1804. 
 
 COKWIX, FIJAXKIJX HOWARD. Imni in Orient, Snffolk County, 
 N. Y., March 10, 18-52, and educated in the public schools of that place, 
 for twenty-seven years has been in charge of the shipping department 
 of the Lalance & (Jrosjean ^Manufacturing Company, at Woodhaveu, 
 N. Y. fie is pro])rietor of the Franklin H. ('orwin Insurance Agency, 
 the largest in Woodhaven, and is President of the Columbia Building 
 and Loan Association of Brooklyn and Woodhaven. He is Vice-Pres- 
 ident of tlie .Tainaica Electric Light Com])any, and was one of the 
 founders and is \ ire-I'resident of the WoodJiaven Bank. He is also 
 a director of tiie Suburban Electric Light Company and the Jamaica 
 Ice and C(dd Storage C(mipany. He was Treasurer of School District 
 No. 7, of the town of Jamaica, from 18!Hl nntil it became a ]iart of the 
 City of Xew York. For fifteen years he has been Suiicriutcndcut of 
 the Congregational Sunday-school at Woodiiavcn. He married 
 Almira I>. Jones, and lias had Hvv children, of Aviiom two sous and 
 two daughters are now living. He is himself tlie son of William O. 
 Corwin and Elizabeth P., daughter of Peter Brown; is the grandson 
 of John Corwin, and the great-grandson of John Corwin. 
 
 ISELIX, ADRIAX, many years ago was in pai-tnership w-ith his 
 brother. William Iselin. iu one of the most successful importing 
 businesses in this city during the middle i)eriod of the present cen- 
 tury. Subsequently he established the banking house of Adrian 
 Iselin & Co., and was long its head, but retired from active business 
 in 1883. He is a trustee of the Bank for Savings, and a director of the 
 Metropolitan Opera, and Peal Estate Company. Born in X'ew YorkCity, 
 he is the son of the late Isaac Iselin, member of the Xew Y'ork mercan- 
 tile firm of De Kham. Iselin & Moore, and his wife, a daughter of the 
 junior partner of the Xew Y'ork firm of Eossier & Eoulet. Adrian 
 Iselin married, in 1815, Eleanora. daughter of Columbus o'Donnell, 
 of Baltimore, a prominent financier and railroad executive, and has 
 three daughters, one of whom is Mrs. Delancey Astor Kane, and four 
 sons — Adi-ian Iselin. Jr.. banker; William E. Iselin. wholesale dry- 
 goods merchant. Columbus O'Donnell Iselin. banker, and C. Oliver 
 Iselin, prominent yachtsman. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 619 
 
 ISELIN. ADIJIAX. JR., in ISSJ succeeded his father. Adriau Iseliu, 
 as head of the baidcini; lioiise of Adrian Iseliu c^ Company, and is 
 prominently connected with many notable corporations. He is Mce- 
 President of the (inarantee Trust Company, Mce-President of the 
 Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburg Railway Company, Treasurer of the 
 Clearlield and Mahoning liaihvay, Secretary and a trustee of the 
 Manhattan Storage and Warehouse Company, a trustee of the Cen- 
 tral Trust Conqiany and the ;\[utual Life Insurance Com](any, and a 
 director of the Sixth National Bank, the ( Jallatin National Bank, the 
 Fifth Avenue Trust Conqjany, the City and Suburban Homes Com- 
 ])any, the Jefferson and Clearlield Coal and Iron Company, the North 
 liritish and ^lercantiU' Insurance '\im])any, the ^lobile and Ohio 
 Railroad Company, and the Reynoldsville and Fall Creek Railroad 
 Company. He is a member of the Union, Metro])olitan, Knicker- 
 bocker, Century. Country, Riding, Catholic, New York Yacht, and 
 Laichiiiont Yacht clubs, and the Downtown Association. 
 
 ROCKWELL. WILl.IA]^! I!.. President of the Staten Island Rail- 
 road Comi)any, as well as its Ccui'ial ;\I;nia'j<M-, w ;is biivii in Ni'a\' York 
 City, January 19, 1858. He is th.' 
 son of Henry B. Rockwell and 
 Anna ^L, daughfcr of Elislia 
 Bishop, a soldier in the War of 
 1S12. His grandfather was Ezra 
 Rockwell, and his grcal-grand- 
 falher Jabez Rockwell. On both 
 sides his ancestors were anKUig 
 the early settlers of Danbuiy, 
 Conn., while there are strains on 
 each side which enalile him to 
 trace descent from the original 
 •■ Pilgiim fathers" wIk; came over 
 in the Maytiower. ^Ir. iJockwell 
 received his education in the jniblic 
 schools and the Polytedinic Insti- 
 tute of Brooklyn. Between 187!) 
 and 1884 he was engaged in busi- 
 ness at Scranton, Pa., in the con- 
 duct of a plauing-nnll and lum- 
 ber yard. From 1881 to ISlid his 
 connection was with eh^-tric lighting, while in the interesi of the 
 Ceneral Electric Company and otiier cor])oratious he traveled in .'Very 
 section of the LTnited States. Since ISiiO he has bi'en aclive in con- 
 nection with electi-ic railroads. The road of which he is now Presi- 
 lent is the fourth line built by liini. For eighteen years consecutively 
 .Mr. Rockwell was in the service of the National Cnanl of the State 
 
 W n.I.I-\M li. KOCKWKI.I.. 
 
 Il< 
 
620 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 (if Pfuusvlvaiiia, luniui; eulisted dmiug the riots of Auniist, 1ST7. 
 He rose from the ranks to the position of Captain of Company H, 
 Thirteenth IJeiiiment, National Gnard of Fennsylvania, and held this 
 commission for seven years. 
 
 PACKARD, SILAS SADLEE, stood at the liead of the educators 
 who iirepare stndents for a practical business career in the United 
 States and Europe. The son of Chester Packard, grandson of Abel 
 Packard, and lineally descended from Samuel Packard, of Windham, 
 England, who settled in Hingham, [Mass., in l(t:>S. he was born in Cum- 
 miugton, Mass., April 28, 1826. In 1833 his father removed to Fre- 
 donia. Licking County, Ohio. The son attended the district schools 
 
 and Granville Academy, and, at 
 the age of sixteen, began to teach 
 penmanship. In 1815 he traveled 
 in Kentucky as a teacher and por- 
 trait painter. From 1818 to 18.jO 
 he taught i)enmanship in Bart- 
 lett's Commercial College, Cincin- 
 nati, taught for one year at 
 .\driaii, ^lich., and from 1851 to 
 1853 was instructor in penman- 
 slap, bookkeeping, and drawing in 
 the Union School at Lockport, 
 N. Y. From 1853 to 1856 he was 
 editor and proprietor of the 
 Xiagara I'inr Pilot, at Tona- 
 wanda, N. V. In 1856 he became 
 associated with the Bryant & 
 Stratton Business College of Buf- 
 siLAs s. p.uKAUD. falo; while subseipiently, with 
 
 Mr. Stratton, he established the 
 similar institution in Chicago. In Januaiy, 1857, he established the 
 Bryant & Stratton College at Albany. In May, 1858, he opened the 
 Bnant, Stratton & Packard College in New York City. Purchasing 
 the interest of his partners in 1867. the institution became known as 
 Packard's Business College. Mr. Packard at one time published a 
 monthly-, the American Merchant, in connection with the college in this 
 city, and from 1868 to 1870 edited and published Pacl;ar(Vs Moirthh/. 
 Ue died at his lionu- in New York City, October 27, 1898. 
 
 HAGEDOKN, llEUMAXX C, born in Galveston, Texas. October 21, 
 1843, is the son of Alexander and I'riederike Hagedorn, of Bremen, 
 Germany, and was educated at a Latin and commercial school of 
 Bremen. From 1859 to 1863 he served an a]»]>renticeslnp in a Bremen 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 021 
 
 ti'iiiisportalioii aud sliiiii)ini; liousc, wiiilc Iroin lS(i:> tu lS(ir> he was 
 ill a ooiiniiissidii lionst^ at Kottcvdain. In the latter rear he came to 
 Aiuei-ica, and accepted a business jiosilion, but in lS(i7 tvied fariu- 
 iiiii' in Viri;inia. Ketui-ninii to New York in 1873, duiiiiii- the next 
 twenty years lie liehl a i)osition in a coniiiiission liouse. Since 1877 
 lie has also attended to the affairs of the Staten Island Savinj;s Hank. 
 He has been cashier of this insiitiilion since 18S1, while, since 18!):^, 
 he has assumed entire charge of its business, resinning' his New Y(U-k 
 position. He is a member of the Deutscher Verein of Stateu Island. 
 
 HAKKINCJTOX, BRAIXEKD TIMOTHY, has been connected 
 since 1852 with the Harriniiton l>oardin<;- Scliool for Boys, at Thro,t;ii's 
 Neck, Westchester County, X. Y., and, since 18(31, has been its Prin- 
 cipal, succeeding to that position upon the deatJi of his brother, 
 Thomas Ballard Harrington, who founded the school in 1819. lie 
 was born in Heath, Franklin County, Mass., June 1, 1820, the son of 
 Timothy Ballard Harrington and Jane Mills, daughter of James Wil- 
 son, a Revolutionary soldier. His grandparents were Thomas Har- 
 rington and Rebecca Ballard. His great-grandfather. Rev. Timotiiy 
 Harrington, was born in Cambridge, Mass., was gradimted from Har- 
 vard College in 1737; entered the ministry, and settled at Swan/A-y, 
 N. H.; was driven out by Indians in 1717, and was pastor of the church 
 at Lancaster, Mass., from 1718 until his death in 1795. He married 
 Anna, daughter of Robert Harrington, of Lexington, Mass. Rev. 
 Timothy Harrington was. in turn, the son of Thomas Harrington and 
 Abigail Kice, of Watertown aud Cambridge, Mass.; the grandson of 
 Thomas Harrington and Widow Rebecca White, daughter of Deacon 
 John Bemis, (.f Watertown, and great-grandson of Robert Harring- 
 ton, who was born in England in IGKJ, in 1031 emigrated to Water- 
 town, .Mass., married Susanna CKMirge in 1018, and died at Watertown 
 in 1707. Jlr. Harrington received his early education in the public 
 and private schools of his native place, which at that time afforded 
 educational advantages in advance of the average found in New Eng- 
 land towns. He began his career as a teacher in the public schools 
 in his eighteenth year, teaching during the winter, and the rest of \\w 
 year attending Williston Seminary, Easthampt(m, Mass., and subse- 
 quently Amherst Academy, Amherst. Mass. He entered Amherst 
 College in 1848, was graduated from that institution in 1852, and m 
 1855 r.M-eived fr(.m it the degree of :SIaster of Arts. His activity as 
 l.rincipal and business manag.'r of the school over which he has so 
 long presided has not prevented liiui from taking an active interest 
 in local affairs. He has always been a irepiil>li»"in. 'in*^! ^'"^ foi" "'"">' 
 vears rresident of the R<-publican organizations in the old town of 
 Westchester. He was a vestrvman of St. P.'ter-s Church, \^ estches- 
 ter, bv continuous re-electi.ms, from 18(i0 to 1880. and. sin.'C the latt.'r 
 date, has been Warden continuously to the present time. He married. 
 
622 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK 
 
 October 15, 1857, .Vbby Ijiicretia, diiuijhter of Colonel Tiiiiotliy Sulli- 
 van Taft, of Boston, Mass., and has two daughters and a son — Thomas 
 Henry Harrington. The latter was born in 18GG. and in 1881) was 
 o-raduated from Columbia University, School of Mines. 
 
 WARTH, ALBIX, was born at Kupi»enheim, Baden, April 6, 
 1821, of which city his father, Hon. I'eter Wartli, a successful cabi- 
 netmaker and builder, was Burgermeister. The latter erected the 
 Congress House at Karlsruh, together with many other large build- 
 ings. Albin Warth received a thorough (education in the schools of 
 Kuppenlieim, afterward serving his apjirenticeshiii as a. locksmith, 
 and then working at his trade in various cities, according to the cus- 
 tom. In the service of Baron Von Drasin. he produced a form of the 
 
 tricycle, which became known as 
 the Drasine, after the Baron. He 
 also worked in Munich for a while, 
 subsequently going to Leipsic, 
 where, in 1845, he established, in 
 partnership with Louis Vogt, a 
 large factory for the manufacture 
 of weighing-machines, or scales. 
 He participated in the attempted 
 revolution of 1848, and was the 
 man who defended Robert Blum, 
 the statesman, from insults at the 
 Peters Church at Leipsic. He also 
 jiarticipated in the demonstration 
 at Dresden, after Avliich, disguised 
 as a student, he escaped to Eisen- 
 ach. Here he found Oswald 
 Ottendorfer, who had similarly 
 made himself an outlaw. They 
 were denounced in the news- 
 papers, and, closely pursued by the authorities, with difriculty made 
 their way into Hessen, and thence to Baden. Mr. ^^'arth went to 
 Zurich, Switzerland, where he established himself in the manufacture 
 of scales. Here he remained for foui'teen months. His business was 
 presently penalized, and he came to America, working as a mechanic 
 in Newark, N. J. In 1854 he completed a self-acting lathe for turning 
 all regulai' forms of wood. It revolutionized the industry for wliich 
 it was designed, inaugurating the era of cheap furniture. Patents 
 were taken out in 1854 in the United States, England, and France. 
 Mr. Warth took out no less than one liundi-ed and fifty patents. He 
 invented and sold to the Fabers seveial important labor-saving ma- 
 chines for shaping the woodwork in IcadiMMicil manufacture. When 
 the question of the export of petroleum in ISCO gave the prospect of a 
 
 .\LBIX WARTH. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 623 
 
 new American indnstry, lie devised the locked can, for transjiortation 
 without rninons waste. He invented and sold to Louis l)ejon<;e a 
 machine which has been since used in dyeinjj; paper. He patented 
 many improvements in connection with the sewin,n-machine. He con- 
 trived the first patent tire-escape, and invented a rotaiT pump, without 
 valves, which throws out sand and dirt with(jut cloyginji. The most 
 notable of all, from a commercial p(.»int of view, was his clothinn-cut- 
 tin.n' machine, which established his reputation in Europe as well as in 
 America. It Avas first patented in ISTO. In 18.j<), he established at 
 8tapletou, 8. 1., Ihe works for the manufacture of his various machines, 
 which are now conducted by his sons. He also made Stapletou 
 his residence from that year until his death, May 7, 18!t2. He was an 
 old member of the (Society Erlieiterunii of Stateu Island, while for 
 twenty-six years he was a member of the Staten Island (^>uartet Club. 
 In 1852, he married Miss Ajiollonia < icier, a native of Tauberbishops- 
 heim, and a niece of Ifev. Stein, who played a ]ironiiuent part in the 
 Badishe Kevolution. Mrs. Warth survives her husband, with their 
 three sons and two daujihttns. The sons, Henry Warth, Peter Albiu 
 Waith, and Charles F. Warth, became in turn associated with their 
 father in the mannfacturiuii- business, and succeeded him in its con- 
 duct. The two dauiiliters — Mary Louise and Gertrude — are now 
 married, the former being Mrs. 1\ Zeyhle, of Brooklyn, and the latter 
 Mrs. Oscar Bock, of Freiwaldau, Oesterreich, Austria. Mr. Warth 
 exhibited a number of his machines at the Vienna Exposition in 1873, 
 winning- medals as elsewhere — at New York and St. Louis jirior to tins, 
 and at the Centennial Exposition at riiiladeli)hia in 187(i. He also 
 delivered an address before the Vienna ( 'oniiiess on Patent Laws, con- 
 vened at this time. 
 
 HOFFMAN, WILLI AIM IMITlUIELL VAIL, sou of the late Rev. 
 Cliarles Frederick Hoffman, D.D., was born at Garrison, N. Y., Aj.ril 
 24, 1862, attended the New York Latin Scliool, and, in 1884, was grad- 
 uated from Columbia College. The same year he went into the real 
 estate business with his brother, Charles Fredenck Hoffman, Jr., and 
 rapidlv built up a large business in the sale of downtown i.roi)erty. 
 He also to..k charge of estates, and conducted many of the largest 
 sales and exclianges of i.ro])erty during t lie tifteen years he was a mem- 
 ber of the tirm of Hoffman Brothers. Subsequently giving up lli.- real 
 estate brokerage business, \u- became a large operator in tlir buying 
 and sellin- of real estate on his own ac.ount. Fpon tli.- .iral h ol Ins 
 fatlier in'l8!)8, he retired from active busim-ss. He is I'lvsidrui ..I 
 the Societv for the Promotion ..f tl,e Interests of Church Schools, Col- 
 leoes, and' Seminaries; is a director of tlie North River I-ir.- Insurance 
 (Wpanv, and the New York Institution for tlie Deaf ami Dumb, ain 
 is a trustee of Hobart Coll-ge, at Co-neva, N. Y. He .s a memlM.r of 
 
624 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 the Uuiou League, NeAV York Athletic, ('(ilonial, and Suburban Driv- 
 inii' clubs. He is a keen sportsman and an artist. 
 
 r.l':K(!MA>s":N', SIGMUND, is the founder and head of llie well- 
 known electrical maniifactiiring establishment of S. Bergmann & 
 ("ompany, of Berlin. (Germany, and is at the head of the still more 
 extensive Beruniann Elektromotoren und Dynamo Werke, of the same 
 city. In 18112 he ori;anized in New York City the New York Electric 
 E(|ui])nient (!"oni])any, of which he is President and principal owner, 
 to take over the electrical equipment department of the Edison Elec- 
 tric Illuminating- Company of New York. He also organized the 
 General Incandescent Arc Light Com])any, of New York, and is its 
 President and principal owner, the specialty of this corporation being 
 
 the manufacture of arc lamps, 
 switches, switchboards, and simi- 
 lar electrical apjiaratus. He was 
 born in Mtihlhausen, Thuringia, 
 Germany, June 9, 18.51, the son of 
 Karl Bergmann and the grandson 
 of Adolf Bergmann. He was edu- 
 cated in the piiblic schools, and at 
 foui-teen years of age was appren- 
 ticed to the trade of machinist and 
 tool maker. In 1870, after follow- 
 ing his profession in different parts 
 of Germany, he came to the 
 United States and secured a posi- 
 tion with Thomas A. Edison, 
 whose fame was just then dawning. 
 After an engagement of several 
 years with Edison, he established 
 his own business, nmnufacturiug 
 private line telegraph printers for 
 the Gold and Stock Telegrapii Company, together with burglar alarms, 
 bells, batteries, telephones, and other electrical apparatus. ^lany of 
 Edison's (Experiments, as well as the first telephones, were made in 
 Mr. Bergmann's shops. Mr. Edison's i)houograph was to a great ex- 
 tent developed in this establishment, with Mr. Bergmann's assistance, 
 and for a number of years the latter was the sole manufacturer of this 
 apparatus. A few years later appeared Mr. Edison's most important 
 invention, the incandescent electric light, in the development of which 
 Mr. Bergmann took a in-ominent part. At this time Mr. Edison, his 
 well-known co-workei', Edward H. Johnson, and Mr. Bergmann, en- 
 tered into a business partnerslii]) which continued successfully and 
 harmoniously for a. ])eri(id of ten years, until the business was reor- 
 ganized under one general corixjration. ^lanv of the devices for elec- 
 
 SIGMUXI) liF.RIi.MANX. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY, 625 
 
 trio lighting uow in general use were originated by Mr. Bergniann. 
 At tlie end of the ten years' partnership, upon tlie reorganization of 
 the Edison industries by i)rominent tinanciers, Mr. Bergniaiin profit- 
 ably disposed of his monopoly of manufacture. He was thus enabled 
 to devote liimself to tlie organization of the electrical inanufaclur- 
 ing ooiiiorations of New York City and Berlin already referred 
 to. At the present time he is erecting large factories in Berlin for 
 tlie manufacture of electric motors and dynamos. He is a director 
 of the (icrmau Exchange Bank of New \'ork <'ity, is a trustee of the 
 German Hospital and tlie Isabella Home, and is a member of tlie Ger- 
 man Society, tlie Liederkranz Society, and tlie Ariou, Manhattan, and 
 ^^'ashington Heights clubs. 
 
 CBEIGHTON, HENRY JAIMES, born in Gaspe, Canada, March 
 14, 1S39, was educated in the Brooklyn jjublic scliools and high scho(d. 
 For about twenty years he was connected with th(^ drygoods fli'm of 
 J. W. Page & Company, contliiulug unlil I heir dissolution in ISHl. 
 He then engaged in the cotton business for himself as a member of the 
 firm of G. Schroeder & Company, one of the ]n-ominent houses, with 
 dealings in the millions, and the senior firm on the Cotton Exchange. 
 In 1S!)1 he retired from this business. He had become a large property 
 owner on Staten Island, and about five years ago he engaged in the 
 real estate business. He is a member of St. Mary's (Episcoi>al) 
 Church of Castletou, S. I.; is an exemjit member of the Volunteer Fire 
 De])artment of ^Yest New Brighton, and foi' three years was its Presi« 
 dent, and is a member of the Staten Island Athletic and the Staten Is- 
 land Cricket clubs. For many years he has been a director of the 
 Young Men's Christian Association of West New Brighton. He also 
 helped to organize tlie Staten Island Interior Bailroad, of which he is a 
 director. He descends from the Creightons, earls of Erne, Ireland. 
 He is the son of Henry James Creighton, of Halifax, Nova Scotia, and 
 Mary Stayner; is the grandson of Alexander Creighton and Harriet 
 Newton, and is the great-grandson of James Creighton, who, about 
 1740, came from Somerset, England, and was one of the first settlers 
 of Halifax, having a patent from the Crown for Citadel Hill, now 
 the Fortress of Citadel Hill, which he sold to the Duke of Kent. 
 
 MELVIN, DAVID NEILSON, mechanical and civil engineer and 
 inventor, since 1874 has been Superintendent of the extensive works 
 of the American Linoleum Manufacturing Company at Linoleum- 
 ville. Borough of Eichmond, New York City. He was born in Glas- 
 gow, Scotland, July 21, 1S40, and has been a resident of the United 
 States sinco 1S67. " During the year of his arrival in this country he 
 obtained a patent for an improveil steam boiler. He has also taken 
 out other patents, including important ones connected with the manu- 
 facture of linoleum. He is the jiateiitee of the new i)rocess of niaiiu- 
 
626 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK^ 
 
 factuiiiiy ■• iulaid "■ liuuleum. He was educated in private f^cliools 
 and the Andersonian University of Glasgow, Scotland, and served 
 seven years as an engineer and draughtsman with Trawhall & Camp- 
 bell, the eminent engineers and tool nmkers. A little later he designed 
 fireproof buildings for some of the largest sugar-refining houses in 
 Scotland, as well as machinery for the sugar business in fuba and 
 the West Indies. He also purchased an interest in paper mills near 
 
 Oxford, England, and suc- 
 
 oessfully operated them 
 
 ^ " until the abolition of the 
 
 British tariff on paper 
 made the business unprofit- 
 al)le. He then followed 
 his profession for some 
 time in Manchester and 
 Einuingliam, E n g 1 a n d. 
 Forming a connection with 
 T. A. Weston, inventor (if 
 tlie dillcrential chain-i)ul- 
 ley, he came to the United 
 States in 1807 and ()]iened 
 an engineering office in 
 Buffalo, X. Y. Subse- 
 • iiicntly, for four years, he 
 followed his profession in 
 tlie Michigan lumber re- 
 gion, where he erected 
 some of the largest lumber 
 mills. In 1873 he formed 
 a connection with Freder- 
 ick Walton, the inventor of 
 linoleum, and erected the 
 DAvin xEiLsoN MKLvix. largc worlcs for its manu- 
 
 facture on Staten Island. 
 When the works were completed, he succeeded Mr. Walton as their 
 Superintendent, and has carried on the business since. In 1888, when 
 the Walton patents expired, he invented what is known as inlaid lino- 
 leum. These goods, which are very popular, are manufactured ex- 
 clusively under his patents. He is a member of the American Society 
 of Civil Engineers, and was one of the original members of the Ameri- 
 can Society of Mechanical Engineei'S, of which he is also a life member. 
 He married, in 1868, a daughter of Aldei-man Watson, of Oxford. Eng- 
 land. He lineally descends from Sir James Melvin, page to Mary, 
 Queen of Scots. He is the son of the late David Melvin, a native of Pais- 
 ley, Scotland, a graduate from the University of Glasgow, and a suc- 
 cessful iiaper and card niannfactnrer of Oxford, England. Tlie latter 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF XEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. G27 
 
 was also a notable figure iu the teuiperauce movemeut in Great Brit- 
 ain. He assisted in organizing the Paisley Youths" Total Abstinence 
 Society iu 1832, the first organization of total abstainers from alco- 
 holic beverages in the United Kingdom. When he died he was the 
 only survivor among the original members. He continued to be 
 [.rominent in this movement, was a TJadical in politics, and was a 
 prominent member of the ('ongregational Church iu Glasgow. 
 
 SLEICHER, JOHN ALBERT, editor of Leslie's M'nli/i, was born 
 in Troy, X. Y., October 4, 1848, and was graduated from the Troy High 
 School. He entered the counting-room of the Troy }[(i)iiU\(j Wlii;/, 
 subsequently the Troy Rerun], and also did work as a reimrter. He 
 became eventually its city editor. Later on he became city editor of 
 the Troy Press, and in 1874 accepted the same position on the Troy 
 Times. In 1877 he came to New York City as the representative of the 
 New York State Associated Press. He resigned in 1880 to take charge 
 of the Denver Tribune, then recently purchased by George B. Robinson, 
 liut the death of Mr. Robiuson occurring, he resumed as manager of the 
 New York State Press Association service. He served as Pi'esident 
 of the New York State Editorial Association, and was the organizer 
 and first President of the New York Republican State Editorial Asso- 
 ciation. He next became a joint proprietor of the Troy Times, once 
 more becoming its city editor. He withdrew, and purchased the 
 Schenectady riiioii, and, in five months, quadrupled its circulation, 
 and disposed of it at a handsome profit. He joined with William J. 
 Arkell and the late Joseph W. Drexel in the purchase of the Albany 
 Eveiiiii'i .Jdiiriial. becoming its Editor-in-Chief. This paper was sold 
 in 188!(. Mr. Arkell having jnirchased Leslie's Weekli/, while Mr. 
 Sleicher became the editor of the latter journal. He resigned in 1802 
 to become Editor-in-Chief of the New York Mad (iiul Express. In 
 1891 he accepted his appointment by Mayor Strong as Supeiwisor of 
 the Citi/ Reeord, holding this position for nearly three years, since 
 which he has held his old position as Editor of Leslie's Weel-hi. He 
 married, in 1873, Ella S., daughter of Reuben Peckham, paper manu- 
 facturer, of Troy, N. Y. He is a member of the Union League, Repub- 
 lican, and Quili clubs, and the Methodist Social Union, of New York 
 Citv, and the Fort Orange Clul), of All)any. He served two terms as 
 Supcivisor fnuu the Second Ward of Troy, N. Y., and. by appointment 
 of Governor Hill, served a term as Civil-service Commissioner of the 
 State of New York. 
 
 0"J»()N()YAN-ROSSA. JEREMIAH, the advocate of home rule for 
 Ireland, has been a resident of New York City since 1871, engaged 
 in the hotel business or as a newspaper editor and ptiblisluM-. lie is 
 now the editor of the ruiied Irisluitan. He was born iu Ross Carbery, 
 Irehir.d, about 1830, the son of Denis O'Douovan-Rossa and Ellen. 
 
(i-IS 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 (l;iU!.',lilt )■ ol' ("unu'liiis ( )'l)risci)ll. His family is <iiu' of the old stocks 
 of liisli niistociacy, claiming- descent from a luimbei' of kings. i)rinces, 
 and chieftains of Ireland. lie was educated at l\oss Carbery, in 
 private schools, and at the National School. Early in life he en- 
 gaged in Skibbei-<'en in the ironinongery business, and in tlie sale of 
 agiicnltnial seeds. He was afterward manager of the Iri.sli I'vupJc 
 of HiiMiu. He was sentenced to penal servitude for life for being 
 the legistered publisher of that newspaper, and spent six years in ten 
 jirisons in Ireland and England. In 1S71, the British (Tovernment 
 sent him from Chatham Prison to New York City. He is a member 
 of the Irish Revolutionary, Eenian, Clannagael, United Irishmen, and 
 l\niglits of Columbus clubs. 
 
 TIllHV, J(^HN H., is the founder of the School Savings Bank sys- 
 t( m in this country. The suggestion which resulted in the introduc- 
 tion of the School Banking system 
 into the public schools of America 
 arose from his observation of the 
 successful operation of that system 
 in foreign lands, particularly in 
 France and Belgitim. Adopted by 
 the schools of Long Island City in 
 1SS.~>, the schools of seventy cities 
 and villages, representing eight 
 States of the I^nion and an educa- 
 tional corps of 1,S0!( teachers, now 
 operate the system. 3Ir. Thiry was 
 born in Belgium, in 1822, and was 
 graduated in lS4.j from the normal 
 _^^ school. He entered the Govern- 
 
 t'^ ■^W^sr' -> ^^k ^^ ment service in the Di^jiartment of 
 
 \§B^'' ^^S ^^'' I'nblic Works, where he remained 
 
 until 1859. He then resigned, and 
 .K>n.\ H. THiiiY. came to New York City, where he 
 
 engaged in the book business. In a 
 few yi^ars he was the proprietor of one of the largest book stores in the 
 city. Thirteen years later he retired from business.making Long Island 
 (Mty his home. In 1884 he was appointed to the ottice of Schoid Com- 
 missioner by Mayor George Petry, and was instrumental in establish- 
 ing the monthly meeting of the teachers of Long Island City under the 
 su])ervision of the Superintendent, which meetings liave been since 
 continued with good results. The abolition of the mid-session recess, 
 after the plan adopted in Albany and Bo(diester, was fav(ut"d by liini, 
 and was brought alxnit while he was a member of the Board. On the 
 election of ilayor Gleason, :Mi-. Thiry retired from the Board of Edu- 
 cation, but when flavor Sanfoi-d took oftice, ^Ir. Thirv asain took his 
 
ExNCVCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 629 
 
 place iu the Board. He favoved the pl.uiii'; of the public sclioois of 
 the city uiulei' the Ivei;ents, and had the satis-faction of assisting- iu 
 accomplishing this soou after Mr. t^auford's administration came into 
 power. His greatest achievement was the introduction of the S^chool 
 Savings liank system. At the solicitation of tlie United States Com- 
 missioner of Education, he nuuh- an exhibit at the World's Fair iu Chi- 
 cago, in 1893, showiug- the woricings of the system and what had been 
 accduiplished since its introduction. He is one of the oldest membei's 
 of the Cuiversal Trovident lustitutiou, the meetings of which are held 
 every five years iu Paris. He is also au active member of the Ameri- 
 can Social Science Association, the National Charity ( trganizatiou, 
 the National Educational Association, the Council of Scliool Super- 
 intendents of the State of New York, and the New York State School 
 Board. 
 
 WATTE, HENRY RANDALL, organized the American Institute 
 of Civics, and has been its President since 188-5. He also founded 
 the Patria Club of New York, and lias been an ofticer of the (^nill Club 
 of Manhattan Borough, and of the Fnion League Club id' Brooklyn. 
 Frf)m 1877 to 1880 he was President of the Political Science Asso- 
 ciation of New York, the first organization of its kind; from 1878 to 
 1870 was Chairman of the National (Civil Service | Reform League; 
 from 1882 to 1881 was President of tlio District of Columbia Social 
 Science Association, and from L'*!8.") to 1SS7 was Secretary of the In- 
 terstate ("omnussion on Federal Aid to Education. He was born in 
 Co]i('nliagen, N. Y., Decend)ei' Ki, ISKi, the son (d" Rev. Hiram II. 
 Waite and S. Maria, daughter of Benajah itandall. a volunteer in the 
 War of 1812, and lineally descends from Richard ^^■ayte, who was 
 jMaislial of the Colony of ^Massachusetts under (loveruor Winthrop, 
 and <(imnunider of troo])s in King Philip's War. Mr. Waite was gi-ad- 
 uatt'd from Ilannlton College in lS<;s. studied at the Fnion Theolog- 
 ical Semimiry, and subsequently studied econonucs in Europe. He 
 was Literary Editor of the Utica Moni'unj HvniUl from 1808 to 1870, 
 and from ISdO to 1871 was Ivlitor of the I'lilrcrsUii QiKiiiciii/ Nrrinr. 
 He was Pastor of the American Fnion Cininli, at Komr, Paly, from 
 1872 to 187."), and during this period cstablislicd the Italian Sunday- 
 school T'nion, founded an undiMionnnational school for the instruction 
 of Christian workers at Ronu\ established the " Scuola Evangelica 
 Militare " among the soldiers <d' the Italian Army, founded the Italian 
 Y(Uing Glen's Christian .Association in Rome, the first of the kind iu 
 Italy, and established American diajicls in Lucerne. luterlakcn. and 
 (ieneva, Switzerlanil. Retui-ning to .\meiica, he was Editm- of the 
 New Haven EniiliKj Joiininl in 187(1 and 1877, an<l, in the latter year, 
 was I'ditoi' of the TiitiriiiitiniKil h'l ri< ir at New York. Fi-om IS77 to 
 ISSl he was minist(-r of the ITugucnol .Memorial Cliurcii at I'cliiani- 
 on-Sound. He was Statistician of the Teiitli Fnited States Census, 
 
630 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 in clini-iie of the collcctiuii of sociiil statistics, from 1880 to 1884. From 
 ]SS4 to 1887 be was book editor of D. Latlirop & Company, of Boston, 
 whib' lie was also Editor of tbe Nciv England Magazine in 1886, and 
 of tlie Citizen of Boston in 1887. lie was Editor of Civics, at New 
 Yorlv, from 1887 to 1895. From 1887 to 1890 be was Secretary and 
 Treasnrer of tbe Julien Electric Company, Avbicb operated tbe first 
 street cars projM'lled by storage battery in tbe United States. He 
 oroanized tbe Cbnrcb of tbe Covenant, at Pelbamville, and was its 
 minister w'itbout salary from 1887 to 1889. He organized Trinity 
 Congreiiational Clinrcb (in 1893 cbanjied to Bedford Presbyterian 
 Cbnrcb ), and was its minister from 1890 to 1893. In 1891 be traveled 
 abroad. He married, in 1876, Cara A. Huutoon, of Boston, and lias 
 a son, Wintbrn]), and a daugbter. 
 
 ■'>- 
 
 SUTPHIN, JOHN H., lias been Comity Clerk of Queens County, 
 New Vdik, since 1871, and is now serving bis tentb consecutive term 
 
 of tliree years eacb. He is a leader 
 ■ of tbe Democratic party, and bas 
 served many years as Cbairman of 
 tbe Democratic Coiinty Central 
 Committee of Queens County, New 
 York. He is a director and Presi- 
 dent of tbe Bank of Jamaica, is a 
 director and Vice-President of tbe 
 Jamaica Savings Bank, and is a 
 trustee of tbe Jamaica Normal 
 Scbool. He is a prominent mem- 
 ber of a considerable number of 
 clubs and social organizations and 
 secret orders, and bas occupied 
 many official positions of bouor in 
 connection witb tlieni. He was 
 born in Jamaica, L. I., in 1836, and 
 received bis education in tbe public 
 Minx M. siTiiiix. scbools. He beld various ijublic of- 
 
 fices prior to bis election as Clerk 
 of Queens County. He married, in 1857, Carrie M. Smitb, of Jamaica, 
 and lias five cbildren. 
 
 ANDERSEN, HENKY, bas been engaged in business on bis own 
 account as an arcbitect in New York City since 1892, liaving pre- 
 \iously been engaged in tbe offices of several arcbitects. Tbe son 
 of Peter Severein Sterin Andersen and Sopbie Jost, be was born in 
 Flensborg, Denmark, June 20, 1852, and received bis early education 
 in a private scbool and tbe college at Flensborg. At tbe age of six- 
 teen be was graduated from a i>iivate colb'ge in Copeiiliageii, served 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF XHW YORK BIOGRAPHY. (,31 
 
 a few yi';u> witli a maf^ou contractor as an iutroducrioii to the study 
 of architect me, and subsequently was graduated from the Technical 
 and I'olytechnical Institute. He also took a complete course in tlie 
 Koj-alAcademy of Art in Copenhagen, prior to emigTation to the United 
 States. While in the office of Thoni & Wilson of this city he designed 
 and constructed many buildings, including the Harlem Police and 
 District Court, Sylvan Place and ( »ne Hundred and Twenty-first 
 Street, and the Holy Cross Lyceum on Foi-ty-third Street. Since he 
 lias been in business for himself he has constructed many private 
 residences, apartment houses, stores, and warehouses, together with 
 several churches. Among these are the Lutheran Church of the 
 Atonement, One Utmdred and Fortieth Street and Edgecombe Ave- 
 nue, and the Don Carlos Apartment, Seventy-sixth Street and Madi- 
 son Avenue. He is a member of the Crerumn Liederkranz Society. 
 
 ANOELL, EDWAKD L., born in l'r<.\ i(hiice, II. I., [March 11. IS-tT, 
 stiulied under private tutors, studied architecture under Charles P. 
 Hartshorn, of Providence, and, at an early age, was chosen advisory 
 architect by the Building (^'ommittee of the Providence Council at the 
 time the present City Hall of that municipality was contemplated. 
 Many school buildings in Providence were erected from his drawings, 
 some of which were submitted in competition. He was the architect 
 of the Town Hall and High School Building of Wrentham, Mass. 
 From 1S7S to 1882 he was engaged on public buildings with some of 
 the leading architects of the West. Since 1883 he has been in business 
 in New York City, and has designed many notable private i-esidences, 
 apartment houses, hotels, and other structures, including the Hotel 
 Endicott, the San Kemo, the Hotel Grenoble, the Regent, the Ami- 
 down Apartment, and the new [Medical Pavilion of the Flower Hos- 
 jiital. He is the son of Tristam H. Angell and Caroline M., daughter of 
 Bowers Lewis, and descends from Thomas Angell, who came from Eng- 
 land with Eoger Williams, and was a prominent founder of Provi- 
 dence. On the maternal side he is of French Huguenot descent. 
 
 BATRD, ANDREW D., at the head of a large stone-cutting business 
 in Brooklyn, is interested in various financial enterprises, and has 
 been proniinent in public life. He is a trustee of the Williamsburgh 
 Savings Bank, an(i a director of the Nassau Trust Company, the 
 Manufacturers' National Bank of Brooklyn, the Twenty-sixth Ward 
 Bank of Brooklyn, and the New York and New Jersey Ice Lines. He 
 was a trustee of the Kings County Trust Company, and is Vice-Presi- 
 dent of the Brooklyn Throat Hospital, a trustee of the Eastern Dis- 
 trict Industrial Home, and has been a liberal patron of the Y. M. C. A. 
 He was Alderman of Bi'ooklyn from ISTfi to 1880; was Republican 
 candidate foi' [Mayor in 188."), when he withdrew in favor of an inde- 
 l)endent camlidate; was also a candidate for ]\Iayor in 1887 and 1889, 
 
632 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 and in the latter year refused the appointment as Postmaster of 
 Brooklyn, offered him by President HaiTison. He is a member of the 
 Union Leaiiue Club of Brooklyn, and the Boss Street Presbyterian 
 Church. He was born in Kelso, Scotland, October li, 1839. When 
 the CiA'il War broke out he went to the front as a private in the 
 Seventy-ninth New York, and won the commission of Colonel. He 
 participated in forty-five battles, was three times wounded, and twice 
 was promoted on the field of battle for bravery in action. 
 
 TUCKEB, JOHN JEEOME, prominent builder and contractor of 
 New York City, is Vice-President of the American Employers' Lia- 
 bility Insurance Company, for more than a quarter of a centui-y has 
 been a trustee of the Bank for Savings, and is a director of the United 
 
 States Life Insurance Company and 
 the Bond and Mortgage Guarantee 
 Company. He was formerly a direc- 
 tor of the Seventh ^Vard Bank. He 
 has been President of the Mason 
 Builders' Association since its organ- 
 ization. In 1890 and 1891 he was 
 President of the National Associa- 
 tion of Builders, and lie is now a 
 member of tlie Committee on Build- 
 ers' Surety Company of the National 
 Association of Builders. He has 
 also been President of the Ceneral 
 Society of Mechanics and Trades- 
 men. He is a trustee of tlie New 
 York Met-hanics' and Tiadei-s' Ex- 
 change, and is a nicinber of its 
 executive and finance committees. 
 He is a trustee of the New York 
 Oriihan Asylum. He ser\-ed ably 
 as A(|ueduct Commissioner for New 
 Y^ork <'ity, to which position he was appointed by Mayor Hewitt in 
 1888. He has been active in promoting- arbitration in labor diffi- 
 culties, and was instrumental in preventing several strikes by arbi- 
 trating between the Mason Builders' Association and the Brick- 
 layers' Union of New York. He married, in 1856, Mary A., daugh- 
 ter of James T. Spear, of Belleville, N. J., and has two sons — Edwin 
 and Walter C. Tucker — both of whom are associated with him in 
 business. Mr. Tucker Avas himself born at Shark Biver, N. J., l*\^b- 
 ruary 26. 1828. At seventeen years of ag(- he was apprenticed to 
 his uncle, Joseph Tucker, a buihhn- of repute in New York City. In 
 1853 he succeeded to his tincle's business. 
 
 JOHN JEROME TUCKER. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 033 
 
 DE HAirr, JOHN, well-known architect of the Borough of The 
 Bronx, was for four years Secretary of the Property Owners' Asso- 
 ciation of that section of the city, and organized a citizens" movement 
 which resulted in tlie oi)enin.u, of Intervale Avenue and the construc- 
 tion of its sewer, the largest in the city. He made speeches in favor of 
 the People's Bill, warmly advocated the reform in connection witii 
 street improvement inaugurated by the late Commissioner Louis .1. 
 Heintz; was one of the organizers of the People's Benefit Order; 
 helped to organize two building and loan associations of New YorkL^ty, 
 and for several years was a director of one; was one of the founders 
 of the North Side Board of Trade, being a member of the committee 
 which drafted its constitution and by-laws; for two years was Cliair- 
 man of the Public Improvement ("ommittee; is at present Chairman 
 of the Railroad Extension Committee, and was one of the organizers 
 of the Alliance of Taxpayers" Associations, comprising twenty-eight 
 organizations north of the Harlem, and served two terms as its 
 Secretary. In advocacy of public measures he has made addresses 
 before every local board in the City of New York, and has frequently 
 appeared before legislative committees at Albany. He was a delegate 
 from the North Side Board of Trade to the National Convention on 
 Good lioads at Asbury Park, N. .(.; (h-liv.Mcd an address before that 
 body, which attracted attention, and was ajipointed on a committee 
 witii Oovernor Fuller, of X'erniont, and (ieneral Koy Stone, of tiie 
 Agricultural Department, Wasliington, to draft a constitution for a 
 national association in advocacy of good roads. He was born in New 
 BrunsAvick, N. J., May 10, 1802, of an old Dutch family. He was for 
 many years connected with the Singer Manufacturing C()mi)any of 
 this city. He has devoted himself exclusively to ])rofessioiial woi'k 
 as an architect since 1893. He has i)laiine(l many Iniildiiigs in tlie 
 Borough of The Bronx, as well as on .Manhattan Island, and is t he 
 architect of the new I'niit and Trailes I'.niUling at ihe cninei- of -lay 
 and Staple streets. 
 
 DEMABEST, JOHN, at the tin f his death in this city. July 
 
 22, 1887. was the oldest builder in New York. He built the old St. 
 Nicholas Hotel on Broadway, the Hartrmd and New Haven Uailroad 
 tunnel, and the old New ilaven Dei.m in C.mtre Street, together 
 witli im]>ortant buildings for the L<.riilard, Beekman, De Peyster, 
 and \Yolfe estates. His last work was the Home for Superanuated 
 Bishops on Lafayette Place, erected for Miss Cathei-ine L. Wolfe. lb- 
 was born in New Jersey, June o, 1814. the son of Lawrence and .Mar- 
 garet Deinarest. His ancestors Avere Fremli Huguenots who settled 
 hi this country during the colonial iK-ri(.d. Having received a com- 
 mon school education, he learned the business of a build. o- with 
 John 31. Dodd, whose business suc.essor lie became. He married 
 Maria Yolk, of New York Citv. August i:?. is:'.7. and had tiv children 
 
634 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 — ])aiiiel, -Mis. llciii id i;i \'. JUirtis, William, Rebecca J. Demarest, 
 ami Mrs. Sarab M. Han-is. 
 
 JUJOW^X, ALEXAXJ)EK, .Ji;., was prominent auKim; the builders 
 of New York City, followinii' in the footsteps of bis fatber, one of tbe 
 pioneers among modern builders in tbis city. Alexander Brown, tbe 
 fatber, came from Scotland (wbere be was born upon tbe banks of tbe 
 Clyde) at tbe age of seventeen years. His wife was Alice Conway, 
 of Englisb descent. Alexander Brown, Jr., was born in New York 
 City, September 12, 1850, and received an excellent education in tbe 
 public schools. Prepared for college, he was forced to forego bis plans 
 upon account of ill-health, and entered upon his business career in 
 partnerslii]) witli bis fatlicr. Soon after, be became associated with 
 
 3Ir. Samuel Lowden, at that time 
 one of tbe best known builders of 
 tbe city, this arrangement con- 
 tinuing for only one year. I^^rom 
 that time be continued bis business 
 umler bis own name, until bis 
 death, November 13, 1897. He 
 erected tbe Buckingham, 44-46 
 Broadway; Mount Sinai Hitspital, 
 tlie University Medical College 
 buildings, various buildings for tbe 
 Lion Brewery Com]»aiiy, the Fruit 
 Trade Building, and many of tbe 
 finer private residences of tbe city. 
 He was a Republican in politics. 
 He was one of tbe organizers of the 
 Architectural and Allied Inter- 
 ests, was a leading meiuber of tbe 
 Building Trades Club, the General 
 Society of Mechanics and Trades- 
 men, and tbe Mason Buibbn's' Association, and was a director in tbe 
 Stock Quotation Telegraph Company. He Avas a member of tbe New 
 York .\thletic Association, a trustee in tbe Union Dime Savings Insti- 
 tution, and a director of the Bivfn-side Bank. He was for years a 
 member of Dr. Wilton Merle Smith's Cliurcb, the Central Presby- 
 terian, of New York City. He marri(?d, in September, 1873, Miss 
 Annie, daughter of John and Margaret Mon*ison, both of Scotch an- 
 cestry. Five children survive him — Alexander M. Brown, who is con- 
 tinuing the business established by his grandfather and father; Alice, 
 Grace F., Edith L., and Flovd D. Brown. 
 
 AI.KXAM>Kl; llKllWN. JK. 
 
 PUTNAM, WILLIAM HENRY, ^'ice-Presid.Mit and Treasurer of 
 the Potter & Putnam Company, i)ublisbers. of New York City, was 
 
EXCVCLOE'EDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. ()35 
 
 born in Hortwick, Otsego Connty, N. Y., October 2:>, 1854, and is the 
 son of (laiTctt r. Tutnam and Saniaiitlia IJowc, being related to 
 General Israel Pntnani of the Kevolution. lie attended Hortwick 
 Seminary, and was graduated from Pennsylvania College, Gettysburg, 
 Pa. He subse(iuently took a live years' course of study in iiistoi'j- and 
 pliilos()])liy at the Illinois Wesleyan University, from which he re- 
 ceived tiie degrees of Master of Arts and Doctor of Philosophy. He 
 then eng-aged in the publishing business. He resides at Westerleigh, 
 S. I. He married, in 1S8(I, Huldah M. Flummerfelt, of Delaware, 
 N. J., and has a son — LeKoy E. I'utuaui. 
 
 PUTNAM, GBOEGE EUGENE, is a younger brotlier of William 
 Heni-y Putnam, Vice-President of the Potter & Putnam Company, 
 publishers, and was born in Mount \'ision, Otsego County. N. Y., Jan- 
 uai-y L'Ci, 1S(U. He attended the ])nblic scho(ds and Hortwick Semi- 
 nary, and was both a student and teacher at Wyoming Seminary, 
 Kingston, Pa. He is now Principal of High School No. 20, Porough 
 of Kichmond, New York City. He married IMarion Camp, of JJum- 
 mertield. Pa., and has a son — Kearney C. Putnam. 
 
 BOWE, LEROY E., President of the P.owe Casket Company, of 
 Otsego, N. Y., and a director of the Potter & Putnam Company, ]Mib- 
 lishers, of New York City, has ]U'acticed law for fifty years, and now 
 resides at Otsego, N. Y. He has been a member of the New York As- 
 sembly, and has seiTed as Register in Bankruptcy. He was born in 
 Hortwick, N. Y., July 25, IS19^ the son of Edward and Peninah Bowe. 
 His ancestors were active in the Revolution. He was educated at the 
 Franklin Literary Institute, at Franklin, N. Y. 
 
 ROBINSON, ANDREW J., head of the New York building firm 
 of Robinson & Wallace, has been engaged in business under this style 
 for more than thirty years. He is a trustee of the East River Savings 
 Institution and a director of the Oriental Baidc and the English 
 Enamel Paint Coiu])aiiy. He is a trustee of the New York IVfedical 
 College and TTosi)ital for Women, is a trustee of the Southern New 
 York Bajjtist Associalion. and is Ciiairmau of the l''iiianc( Committee 
 of the New Y^ork Baptist City Mission, l-'or thirly y<'ars he has been 
 a trustee of the Twenty-third Street Ba])tis( Church, prior to which 
 time he was a member of the Stanton Sti-eet Ha])1ist Exchange. He 
 is a member of the New York Real Estate lOxchange, for several years 
 was Uhairman of its Committee on Building and Lien Laws, and has 
 also served on its Committee on Legislat ion. He was one of tiie found- 
 ers of the Mason Builders' Associalion, and served for a number of 
 years as Chairnmn of its Arbitration Comniitlee. He is a member of 
 the New York Chamber of Conunerce, the :Meclianic's and Tradesman's 
 Society, the Building Trades Club, the Uptown Association, the New 
 
636 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 York Botanical Sofiety, and the Metropolitan Museum of Art. He 
 devised the unique scnverajie system of Atlantic City, N. J. Amonj; 
 the edifices erected liy him in New York City are the new St. Luke's 
 Hospital, Barnard College, the New York Cancer Hospital, the St. 
 Paul Buildin.n, the Fidelity and Casualty Buildini;, the Prescott Build- 
 iujLi', the Hartford Building, the Colonial Club, tlie building of the 
 Society for the PrevtMition of Cruelty to Animals, the Cliurch Mis- 
 sions House, St. I'aul's School; Jarvis Hall and lloftman Mcnuuial, 
 General Theological Seminary, the Holy Trinity and Clergy House, 
 and the residences of Heni-y O. Havenieyer, John H. Inman, James T. 
 Woodward, James P. Kernochan, and J'rancis S. Kinney. He married, 
 in 1870. llanictt E., daughter of the late William Gardner King, of 
 
 Kew York City, and granddaugh- 
 
 I ter of Oliver Dyer, of Providence, 
 
 R. I., and has a dangiiter and two 
 sons — Drew King and Fletcher 
 Albert Kobinson. He was himself 
 born in I'doomtield, X. J., March 
 20, 1844, attended the public 
 schools and Kundell Academy, and 
 learned the building trade. His 
 father was lii^ad of the firm of H. B. 
 iV; J. J. Ivobinson, Avhich main- 
 tained two cooperage establish- 
 ments in New York City and 
 two in New Jersey. On the pater- 
 nal side he descends from the Lind- 
 sey and Williams families of Scot- 
 land, the first American ancestors 
 immigrating to Connecticut about 
 inin. Through his mother, Sarah, 
 daughter of Abner L>odd, of 
 Bloonifield, N. J., and sister of the late John M. Dodd, a well-known 
 builder of New York < 'ity, he descends from Daniel Dodd, who enii- 
 giated from England to Branfoi'd, Conn., in 1044. 
 
 A.NDKKW .1. KdlilXSOX. 
 
 RANDALL, RUFFS RITCH, was Re]mblican Alderman of the 
 City of New York from the Twenty-fourth ^Vard during the years 
 1895, 1890, and 1897. During his service he was the youngest alder- 
 man on the Boai-d. He was born in Trenmnt village, Westcliester 
 County, :\rarch 2. 1870. and is the son of James Randall and Elather 
 Ritch. His father, boi-n in Trowbridge. Wiltshire, England, where 
 the Randall family was seated for many generations, came to this 
 country in 18.")8, and in 1868 married the daughter of Rufus Ritch. of 
 Mianus, Cnnn. ;\lr. Randall thus descends on the maternal side from 
 an old Connecticut familv. He attended the College nf tlie Citv of 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF Xi:\V YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 637 
 
 Ntnv York, leaviiiii- to filter tlic veal estate oflice of David L. Woodall, 
 of Treinoiit. At tlie enil of four years, in 189U, lie formed a ]>artnersliip 
 in tlie same hnsiness, under tlie firm style of Smitli & Kaiidall. Since 
 1892 he has continued ahine. He is Treasurer of the Tremont Invest- 
 ment Company, a director of the Merchants' Co-operative Rank, and 
 a charter member of the North Side Board of Trade. He is a director 
 of the Suburban Club, as lie is of tlie West Farms i;epul)lican Club. 
 He is a member of the Union Republican Club, and was formerly Sec- 
 retary of tlie l\ei)ublican oruanization of the Twenty-four-th Ward. 
 In ISO" he was the unsuccessful Republican candidate for Coroner 
 for the Borough of The Bronx. In November, 1S91, he married Minnie 
 E., daughter of Edwin J. Blauvelt, of Tremont, and has two cliildren — 
 a son and a daui:hter. 
 
 WILLIAM TEFFT .JAMES. 
 
 JAMES. WILLIAM TEFFT. under the style of Hepburn ^: .Tames, 
 was joint proprietor of a ding stoie at Flushing, L. 1., from ISTi* to 
 1891, and since the latter date has been 
 in charge of the Kissena Lake Ic(^ Com- 
 liany of the same jilace. In 1897 he 
 erected an ice-manufacturing plant with 
 a caiiacity of twenty-tive tons daily. He 
 is Treasurer of the Flushing Co-operative 
 Savings and Loan Association, is Treas 
 urer of the Long Island Savings and In- 
 vestment Association, is Treasurer and 
 Su])erintendent of the Flushing Ceme- 
 tery, and is a director of the Queens Coun- 
 ty Savings Bank. He is a leader of the 
 Republican jiarty. He served two terms 
 as a member of the Board of Trustees of 
 the town of Flushing, and by successive 
 
 appointments was Treasurer of tlie village of Flushing from -Inly 1, 
 1891, to January 1, 1S98, when Flushing be<ame a part of the City of 
 New York. In the fall of 1897 he was elected a member of tlie Board 
 of Aldermen of the City of New York, to re]>resent the Second Dis- 
 trict of the Borough of (Queens. He is a Trustee of the First Baptist 
 Church of Flushing, and is also a trustee of Cornucopia Lodge, No. 
 563. A. F. & A. :\L. having filled the offices in this Lodge of Senior 
 Deacon, Senior ^Varden, and for tAvo years that of Worshipful Mas- 
 ter. He has also passed the Capitular Degrees in Pentalpha Chapter, 
 No. 200. R. A. 3L, and is a charter member of Flushing Council. No. 
 997. Royal Arcanum. He married. October 17. 1877. E. (irace. daughter 
 of the late A. K. P. Dennett, of Flushing, and has a daughter. Bessie 
 E.. and a son, J. Lou James. Mr. James was himself born in New 
 Rochelle. N. Y., January 2, L'^50, the son of Albert T. James and 
 Louise E.. daughter of Rev. Lewis J. Coutant. His grandfather was 
 
638 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 the late William T. Jauies, of Xmv York City, the Avell-knowu iron 
 mamifacturer and inventor. On his father's side ^h: James's ances- 
 tors were Welsh, while through his mother he is of French Huguenot 
 descent. His father having removed to Minnesota to engage in ag- 
 ricultural operations on a large scale, Mi*. James received his educa- 
 tion in the public schools of Wabash, in that State. In 1871 he came 
 East, accepting a position with G. G. Welling, druggist, of Flush- 
 ing, L. I., to whose business he succeeded the follnwing year. 
 
 HIGH .MHiOliliKTS 
 
 McKOBEKTS, HUGH, is the recognized leader of the Kepublican 
 party in the Borough ot Richmond, Xew York City. For many years 
 
 he has been influential in State as 
 Avell as local politics, and has been 
 a delegate to numerous local, 
 State, and National Eepublican 
 conventions. He has served sev- 
 eral terms as a member of the 
 New York Republican State Com- 
 mittee, and was elected to succeed 
 himself as a member of that body 
 for the year ISOSDO at the recent 
 State Convention which nominated 
 Colonel Theodore Roosevelt for 
 Governor. Mr. McRoberts was 
 born in Ireland, July IS, 1839, and 
 at an early age was brought to 
 America by his parents, who set- 
 tled on Staten Island. Here he re- 
 ceived his education, attending the 
 public schools. For about seven 
 years he followed the sea. During 
 the past thirty-five years he has been in business for himself on Staten 
 Island, beingpro]nietor of an extensive coal business at Tompkiusville. 
 
 JONES, CHARLES ANTHON, has been prominent in the political 
 and public life of Staten Island. For seventeen years he was School 
 Treasurer of District No. 1 of Middletown, Richmond County, having 
 been elected thirteen times without opposition. For seven years he 
 was a member of the Board of Health of the village of Edgewater, 
 and in 18U1 was elected its President. In June, 1897, Governor 
 Black appointed him a member of the Richmond County Board of 
 Park Commissioners, and he was elected by his colleagues Treasurer 
 of the Board. At present he is Chief of the Bureau of Elections, 
 Borough of Richmond, New York City. He has been a member of the 
 Re]iublican General Committee of Staten Island for twenty-one years, 
 during six of which he has been its Treasurer. In 1884 he was the 
 
EXCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 639 
 
 E.-imblu-iUi canilidatc for f'oiuity Clerk of I.McIiiiioikI Couiitv. in a 
 Ijoprlt/ss contest with ("ornelins A. Hart. As KciMililican ean<li(late 
 for (Aillector of Middlctown in 1S03, he failed of ch^ctiou in this 
 Democratic stronghold by only 115 votes. In lS!)r> he was elected 
 Yice-Chairman of the Ilcpublican County Committee of Kiehmoud 
 County, and in ISDT was a^ain elected to this position. In January, 
 1898, he was elected Chairman of the rve])uhlican ('onnty Committee. 
 This position he resi,i;ned when apjiointed Chief of the Bureau of 
 Elections. Born in Tonipkinsville, t>. I., February 1, 185(>, he is 
 the son of the late Major Frank S. -Tones, an officer of the old 
 Seventy-third New Ym-k IJegimeut. and one of the leaders of the 
 Wliiii- party in Kiclimond County. Charles Anthan Jones was edu- 
 cated in the public schools of 
 Tompkinsville. For about live 
 years, datinji- from 1870, he was 
 connected with the news depart- 
 ment of the New York llcrahl. In 
 1880 he entered the Btaten Island 
 Publishinii Company, controlle<l 
 by Wimau, Emmons & Company. 
 Durinij;- the past nine years he has 
 been engaged in the real estate 
 business, also managiniL!, a news- 
 paper advertising and collecting 
 agency. He was a member of the 
 Ninth Kegiment, National Cuard 
 of the State of New York, and dis- 
 tinguished himself for marksman- 
 ship. Subsequently he became a 
 member of the Seventh Beginient, 
 from which he was mustered 
 out with the rank of Sei'geant 
 at the close of nine years of serv- 
 ice. For two years he represented the Seventh Begiment on the 
 New York State Bifie Team. He is now a member of the Seventh 
 Regiment Yeterans' League and ^'eterans■ Corps. He is a member 
 of the Edgew-ater Fire Service, as he is of the Temiilars of Liberty 
 and the Ancient Order of T'nited Workmen. He mariied. in 1S82. 
 :\liss Bose C. E. Zorn. of Tompkinsville. S. I. .Mrs. Joni-s died in 1888. 
 leavin;.;' t wo dauglilers. 
 
 CHARLES AXTHON JONKS. 
 
 .MolMHS, I'BEHEBICK 1'.. is Tresidenl and ICxecutive .Manage r of 
 the Long Island News (Nmipany. as he has been continuously since the 
 incei)tion of the cinnpany in ISSl. This enterprise was c(mceived and 
 organi/.ed l)y him. In isOl he was elected To llie Board of Trustees 
 of Flushing! L. I., where he has resided since ISTC, and in is'.i:! was 
 
040 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 i\ -elected; while in 1894 lie Wiis elected President of the village. In 
 1892, Mr. Morris represented bis district as a Republican elector. He 
 is one of the most prominent fiiiures in ^lasonic circles in Queens Coun- 
 ty. He became a member of Cornucopia Lodge, Xo. 5G8, in 1878, and 
 since that time has occupied evei"y office in this lodge, having been 
 elected Master in 1881, and re-elected in 1885 and 188(3. For three 
 years, from 188.") to 18S7, he served under (Jrand Master Frank K. 
 Lawrence as District r»ei)uty Craiid Master. During this period, and 
 ])rincii)ally thi-ougli his cfforTs, was contributed bv the ^Masonic fra- 
 ternity of (Queens and Suffolk counties their (piota toward the erection 
 of the handsome Masonic Hall, at the corner of Twenty-third Street 
 and Sixth Avtniue, New York City. Mr. Morris is President of the 
 P>oard of Trustees of this hall, as he is also of the Board of Trustees 
 
 of the Masonic Home at Utica, 
 N. Y. In 189r, W held the office 
 of Treasurer in charge of a Ma- 
 sonic fund of over .'f250,000, and in 
 180r, that of Vh'e-President. P.oru 
 in Manchester. England, in 18.')2. 
 he came to America when sixteen 
 years of age. and sectired a position 
 as newsboy on the Lonu Island 
 Railroad trains. His employers, 
 the Fnion News Com]iany. ap- 
 jiointed him to the office of Sui)er- 
 intendent when he had been in 
 their emjiloy seven years, and de- 
 spite his comparative youth. He 
 remained with them in this capac- 
 ity, exhibiting marked ability, un- 
 til 1881, when the Long Island 
 Railroad interests passed into the 
 control of the late Austin Corbin. 
 Fiom him Mr. .Morris obtained a contract for the complete news [irivi- 
 leges over the entire Corbin railroad system. He at once organized 
 the Long Island News Com])aiiy. as already stated, himself becoming 
 its Pi-esident. Mr. Morris is also connected with other business enter- 
 prises, and is a member of various clubs and societies. He is now 
 President of the Republican Club of I'lushing, and was also the first 
 to hold this office upon the organization of the club in 1892. 
 
 FREDKRICK P. MORRIS. 
 
 PIIIPPS. CHARLES LOUIS, was engaged in the hardware busi- 
 ness from 1809 to 1878. in connection with the firm of Spelman Broth- 
 ers, and from 1873 to 189(i with the Henry B. Newhall Company. He 
 was a member of the New York Constitutional Convention of 1894, 
 and served on several of its committees. He has also served on the New 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 G41 
 
 York State Board of Mediation and Arbitration. This office he re- 
 signed in 189C, to accept his election as Treasurer of (Queens County, 
 New Yorlv. He is a member of the HardAvare and Aurora Grata 
 clubs, and has been prominent in Masonic circles in Queens and 
 Suffolk counties. He was Past Master of Morton Lodge, No. 63, 
 Hempstead, Queens County, and was selected as Deputy Grand 
 Master for the lirst Masonic District ((iueeus and Suffolk counties), 
 serving in this capacity under Grand Master William Sherer. He is 
 a Kismet Templar of the Mystic Slirinf, and a member of the Inde- 
 pendent Order of Gdd Fellows and 
 the Royal Arcanum. He married, 
 in 1875, Alice, dautihter of Samuel 
 S. Ehame, of East Eockaway, 
 Queens County, N. Y., and has 
 three children — Katherine, Charles 
 Belding, and Ilorward Morton 
 Phipps. Mr. Phipps was himself 
 born in Rochester, N. Y., Novem- 
 ber 17, is.jl, and is the son of Will- 
 iam T. Phipps and Catherine L. 
 Belding. His ])arents having 
 moved to the vicinity of Brooklyn, 
 he attended the public schools and 
 Polytechnic Institute of the city, 
 while in ISCd) he was graduated 
 from the Highland Military Acad- 
 emy, of Worcester, Mass. Through 
 his father he descends through a 
 line collateral to that of Sir Will- 
 iam Phipps, Cohinial Governor of 
 Massachusetts, and the conqueror 
 
 of Port Royal during King William's War. Through his mother he 
 descends fi^jm a line collateral to Governor Belding of Massacliusetts. 
 
 COLE, ABR AM, since 1S74, as a member of the lirm of Cole Brothers, 
 has conducted the extensive lumber and coal business at Tottenville, 
 which was established in 1857 by his« father, the late Captain .\braham 
 Cole. He is also a director of the First National Bank of St a ten Is- 
 land, is Auditor of the Richmond County Building and Mulnal koan 
 Association, and is Secretary and Treasurer of the Hillar^l Manufac- 
 turing Company, 299 Broadway. Of the last mentioned coiqioration, 
 engaged in manufacturing the typewriting iMii»rovements under the 
 Hillard patents, he was one of the organizers. He was Town Clerk 
 of the town of Westfield, Richmond County, during the years 1884, 
 1885, and 1886. During the nine years from 1888 to 1896, inclusive, 
 he also represented the town of West field on tlie Riclmuuid County 
 
 CHARLES LOUIS PHII'l'S 
 
642 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 Board of Supervisors. He is a member of tiie Eureka Fire Engine 
 Company, No. 2; the Aquelionya Athletic Club; Hugueuot Lodge. No. 
 381, F. and A. M.\ Kichmond Lodge, No. 80, Knights of Pythias; 
 Westfield Lodge, No. 38"), Ancient Order of United Workmen, and 
 the Arthur Kill Council, Koyal Arcanum, No. 1,408. He was born 
 in Tottenville, S. L, April 8, 185G, attended the public schools in the 
 town of Westtield, and in 1871, 1872, and 1873 attended the Brooklyn 
 Polytechnic and Collegiate Institute. He married, October 19, 1880, 
 Blanche ^lartin, of Tottenville, and has two sons — Chester Abram 
 Cole, born Decemliei- 2, issl, and Halph ]\Iartin Cole, born August 15, 
 
 1883. The son of the late 
 Captain Abraham Cole 
 and Ann M., daughter of 
 Cornelius Dissosway and 
 Ann Winant, lie is of Eng- 
 lish-Dutch descent through 
 tlie paternal line, and of 
 I'iench Huguenot descent 
 tlirough the maternal line, 
 his ancestors on both sides 
 liaving been settled in this 
 country for many genera- 
 tions. The name " Cole "' 
 (iriginated in England, 
 from which country Mr. 
 Cole's ancestors fled to 
 Holland during the reli- 
 gious persecutions of the 
 ])eriod of the Refonnation. 
 They settled near Leyden. 
 Holland, the name assum- 
 ing its Dutch form of 
 '• Kool.'" About 1C3!) Cor- 
 nel isse Lamber-tse Kool, or 
 Cool, emigrated from Hol- 
 land to New Amsterdam, 
 where he died about 1661. 
 His wife was Altie Brackhouge. From them the line descends through 
 their son, Abraham Cole,who married IJebei-ca Britton;their son, Isaac 
 Cole; the latter's son, Abraham Cole, who married Abigail Johnson; 
 their son, Abraham Cole, who married Ann Johnson; and their son. 
 Captain Abraham Cole, who married Ann ^I. Dissosway. to the pres- 
 ent Abram Cole. The lattei^'s great-grandfather, Abraham Cole, was 
 a. Revolutionary soldier, seiwing in the Third New Jersey Regiment, 
 Colonel Daniel Chambers (see Stryker's " New Jersey Archives," p. 
 169 I . In the early part of the present centuiw — from 1830 to 1850 — ^Ir. 
 
 AHR.'^M COLE. 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 643 
 
 Cole's father was Captain of a St. Peteisbuii; and Baltinioic packet 
 schooner. In 1857 he retired and established the business which his 
 son still manaiics. Captain Cole died in 1870. Ills widow is still 
 living, at the advanced age of eiiihtv-six. 
 
 ELSWOETH, JOHN HUGHES, at the time of his deaih, in April, 
 1899, was serving his second term as County Clerk of lAichmond (boun- 
 ty, New York, his able adniinistratiim of the ottice during his lii'st term 
 
 iiaving; led to his renomination and 
 
 -l"(tinn. Before bccouiini 
 
 County Clerk he had been 
 elected Sheriff of Rich- 
 mond County, and ids 
 term of service in thai 
 ofiice gave general satis- 
 faction. He was born in 
 Bayonne, N. J., June 21, 
 1843, and was the son of 
 Captain William B. and 
 Mary C. Elswoith. His 
 father Avas captain of a 
 merchant vessel. Mr. Els- 
 worth attended the Bay- 
 onne Free School and tlic 
 Eastman Business Colleger 
 He adopted his father's 
 profession for a time, fol- 
 lowing a seafaiing life. 
 Subse(|uently he engaged 
 in oyster ])lauting, and 
 was successfully engagcil 
 in business for many years 
 as a wholesale oyster 
 ]danter. He was a mem- 
 ber of the Staten Island 
 Yacht Club, of the Ameri- 
 can Order of United Work- 
 men, and of Tomi»kins Lodge, No. 471, Free and Acce])l(Ml ."\Iasons: 
 also of tlie Tyrian Chapter, No. 219, R. A. M. He was married, June 
 21, 1877, to Miss Elizabeth W. Jones, of Snow- 
 survives him. 
 
 .;ullX lUCHKS KLSWORTII. 
 
 Hill. .Md. His widow 
 
 KRES.-;, JOHN, was born at Fulda. Ilesscn. Cermany, January 7. 
 1825, and died in New York City, April lU. 1877. He was educjiled 
 at the Gemeinde Scliule of his native village, and was apiireniiced 
 to learn the trade of a brewer, which in Germany also includes that of 
 
644 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 a cooper. At the age of twenty he became assistant foreman of the 
 famous brewery of the Barons Kiedesel, at Lauterbach. He was also 
 a member of the Gai'de of the Kurfiirst of Hessen, and saw active serv- 
 ice in the Schleswigllolsteiu war, as well as in connection with the 
 Revolution of 1848. He was married to Susanna Amnion, niece of 
 Von Ammon, a celebrated doctor of divinity and philosopher, of Lau- 
 terbach. Coming to Ncav York City with his wife in 1850, for three 
 j-ears Mr. Kress followed his trade as cooper in connection with the 
 sugar house of the Stuarts. In 1853 he established a small brewery 
 on Avenue A, in partnership witli Christian Schaefer. At the end of 
 
 two years he purchased lots on 
 I Fifty-fourth Street, the site of the 
 present large establishment, and 
 ' erected a moderately sized plant. 
 Tlie brewery continued to grow 
 uiilil it now occupies a frontage of 
 three hundred feet. When he had 
 the large brewery in successful 
 operation he resided for some time 
 in Vienna, until he had mastered 
 
 all tlie details connected with the 
 brewing of the celebrated Wiener 
 beer. Eeturning to New York, he 
 was the first to manufacture this 
 beverage in America. In 1876 his 
 establishment was considered the 
 model brewery of the United 
 States, and he took prizes with the 
 JOHN KRESS. brewing kettles which he exhibited 
 
 at the Centennial Ex^wsition at 
 Philadelphia. His widow and three daughters survived him. His 
 son-in-law, William Forster, is now President of the Kress Brewing 
 Compan3'. 
 
 FITZPATKICK, RICHARD, Avas born on July 26. 1859, in the 
 Ninth Ward of the City of New York, where he received his education 
 in Public School No. 16. After leaving school he entered the employ 
 of his father, John Fitzpatrick, and not long thereafter he established 
 himself in the stevedoring and triicking business, and all transpor- 
 tation contracting kindred to the same. His business has grown from 
 a small beginning to proportions tliat require the employment of up- 
 ward of one hundred and thirty horses, over one hundred trucks, carts, 
 etc., and two hundred and fifty men. He has for years supplied for 
 the City of New York every station house, fire house, municipal build- 
 ing, and public school with coal. He handled all the cement and 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 645 
 
 broken stone used in the construction of the electric roads, aud does 
 the stevedoring- for tlie Metropolitan Street Kaihvav Company. He 
 handles all the coal delivered to the Government at Ellis Island, 
 Governor's Island, City Island, 
 the Barge Office, Custom House, 
 Postoffice, Public Stores, etc., and 
 from his Harlem branch all deliv- 
 ered to the large institutions of 
 charity and learning located in 
 that section. He has his own con- 
 struction department, where he 
 manufactures every machine and 
 vehicle used in his business. He 
 also has his own horseshoeing and 
 harnessmaking shops. Associated 
 with him as assistants ai*e his 
 brothers, Patrick, Michael, and 
 John, who have been with him 
 since the establishment of his busi- 
 ness in 1872. He is an active 
 Democrat, a member of the 
 Pequod Club and Democratic 
 Club, and has been an associate 
 
 Tammany leader in the old Ninth Ward. He has three children- 
 Kate, Julia, and John. 
 
 RICH.\RD FITZPATRICK. 
 
 CRUTCHFIELD, JAMES THOMAS, who resides at New Dorp, 
 S. I., is President of the Sea View Club of that place and a 
 governor of the Dry Goods Club of New York City. He was boiii in 
 Louisville, Ky., December 20, 1S64, and received his education 
 there. He is the son of William H. Crutchtield and Lydia, daughter 
 of Thomas Tabor Young, and is the grandson of Robert G. Crutchfield 
 and Mary Nuckles. The Crutchfielcls are an old Virginia family, Mr. 
 Crutchfleld's father having been born in Fincastle, Va., in 182-4, 
 and his grandfather in Richmond, in 1775. The Youngs are an old 
 family of Delaware and the District of Columbia. Mr. Crutchfield was 
 messenger boy for a telegraph company at Louisville, Ky., from 
 1874 to 1878, while from the latter date until September, 1885, he held 
 various positions in the same employ. During the next two years he 
 was in the office of the traffic manager of the Eastern Tennessee, Ohio 
 and Georgia Railroad Company, at Knoxville, Tenn., while from 
 1887 to 1891 he was secretary to the traffic manager of the Louisville 
 and Northern Railroad at Louisville. From 1891 to 189G he was travel- 
 ing freight agent for the same corporation, with headquarters at Lou- 
 isville, Cincinnati, and Pittsburg. Since April 1, 1896, he has been 
 eastern freight agent at New York City. 
 
646 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK, 
 
 McRKEEX. I'ATKICK FEAXCIS-I. piopiietor of the large printing 
 establishment on William Street, New York Citv, which he founded 
 in a modest way in 1872, is Secretary and a director of the Club Pub- 
 lishing Company, and is a member of the Tyi)otheta\ the Press Club,, 
 the Adirondaclc League Club, the Thirteen Club, and the General 
 Society of Mechanics and Tradesmen. In 1868 he was elected Presi- 
 dent of the League of Temperance Societies of New York and Brook- 
 lyn. He is a member of the 
 Independent Order of Odd Fel- 
 lows, and other fraternities. 
 ^Ir. McBreen compiled and 
 published the first " Guide to 
 tlie Cliarities of New York and 
 Brooklyn," and the first "Club 
 C a t a 1 o g u e of tlie United 
 States." Having received a 
 common school e d u c a t i o n, 
 while learning the trade of a 
 lirinter ]\Ir. ^McISreen pursued 
 courses of reading at the Ap- 
 prentices' Library and the 
 Coo])er Union TJeading Rooms, 
 of New York City. He com- 
 menced business for himself in 
 1872, with a cai.ital of |1,600, 
 saved from his wages as a jour- 
 neyman jiriuter. He mamed, 
 in 1870. Elizabctli Atigusta, 
 daughter of the late Joseph B. Wilker, of Brooklyn, and lias two daugli- 
 ters, Katheriua E. and Elizabeth L., and two sons, Frank P. and Ray- 
 mond -J. ^IcRreen. 
 
 PATRICK FRANCIS MCBREEN. 
 
 HORRMAKN, AUGUST, since 1870 a member of Tlie Staten Island 
 brewing firm of Rubsan & Horrmann, and its I'resident since its incor- 
 poration as a stock company, is also President of the Staten Island 
 Savings Bank and a direct(n" of the First National Bank of Staten 
 Island. He was for ten years a member of the Board of Trustees of the 
 tillage of Edgewater, and for two years Avas a member of the Board of 
 Health of the same. He served seven years as a member of theEleventh 
 Regiment, New York State ^Filitia, and for five years was on the staff 
 as commissary of subsi.stence with the rank of first lieutenant. He 
 was born in Frankfort, Germany, September 22, 1835, the son of Theo- 
 bald Horrmann, merchant, and of a daughter of Willielm Clans, mer- 
 chant, both of Frankfort. His grandfather, Andreas Horrmann, was 
 also a merchant of the same city. Mr. Horrmann was educated in the 
 public schools and a business college of Frankfort, for four years was 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. 
 
 647 
 
 in the bankiug bouse of William Mumm & Company, of Frankfort, for 
 two years was with a commission firm of Paris, and from 1855 to 1S70 
 was engaged in business in Xew York City as an importer of German 
 l)roduce and contractor in daiiw products. 
 
 BUKLEE, WILLIA:\I JOSErH. in 1888 organized the shipbuilding 
 finn of McWilliams & Burlee, and 
 managed the same until 18'J6, 
 when he bought the interest of ^Ir. 
 McWilliams. In June of the same 
 year he organized and founded the 
 Burlee Dry Dock and Shipbuild- 
 ing Company, and has been its 
 President continuously since. He 
 is a member of the Knights of Co- 
 lumbus, the Ancient Order of 
 United Workmen, and the Kill 
 von Kull Yacht Club. He has 
 n(ner bt-en married. He was born 
 at PottsTille, Pa.. March 22, 18(12, 
 and received his ediuatinn in the 
 public schools of that place. In 
 1884 he became employed in the 
 C. & D. 3JcWi]liams shipyard, Jer- 
 sey City; became General Superin- 
 tendent of the establishment, and 
 in 1888 resigned from this position to engage 
 
 WILLI.\M .IncLlll BURLEE. 
 
 in business for himself. 
 
 YANDEIJBILT, JOSEPH MUIITIMEP, entered the employ of the 
 Staten Island Eapid Transit Bailroad Company as ticket and stock 
 clerk, June 28, 1884, in June, 188G, was nijule paymaster of the same, 
 from September. 1888, to April, 1897, was chief clerk to the General 
 Traftic Agent, and since the latter date has been General Ticket 
 Agent. He is a member of the Kill von Kull Yacht Club. He was born 
 in Brooklyn, X. Y., March 20, 18G8, and was educated in the pub- 
 lic schools of Brooklyn and at the McCreery Academy. He is the son 
 of Jose] >h L. Vanderbilt and Cornelia Yredenburg, daughter of Abrara 
 Vredenburg and granddaughter of Augustus \'redenburg; is the 
 grandson of Oliver Vandei-bilt, and is the great-grandson of Oliver 
 Vanderbilt. His ancestors on the patenial side came from Holland 
 between 1645 and 1052. The ^'redenburg family, or ^'on \'icdeu- 
 bui-ghs, were a powerful family in Holland, where they held a castle. 
 He is also the grandson of Sarah Leviness and INfaria Flock, and the 
 gi-eat-graudsou"of Sarah King and Amy Osborn, his ancestors in these 
 lines havinu come from England in the eighteenth century. 
 
648 
 
 HISTORY OF THE GREATER NEW YORK. 
 
 CORSOX, DAA'ID T., one of the leading builders of Staten Island, 
 was born at Port liithmond, on that island, October 1, 1S52, and is 
 the son of David T. Corson and Sophia Lake. His father served with 
 distinction as a naval officer during the Civil War. His ancestors were 
 among the earliest settlers of Staten Island. Mr. Corson received his 
 education at the Academy of St. Vincent, Norfolk, Va., and has 
 since been in the building business on Staten Island. He is a member 
 of the Baptist Chxirch of Port Eichmond, and for a number of years 
 has been President of its Board of Trustees. 
 
 NOKGAXG, CIIABLES 
 
 CHARLES TOBIAS VORGANG. 
 
 and extensive Hour and tobacco mil 
 
 TOBIAS, lias been Superintendent of 
 the Standard Varnish Works, of 
 Staten Island, since 1874, and is 
 a director of the Standard Land 
 Improvement Company, of Elm 
 Park, S. I. He is Pre.'^ident of 
 the Richmond Bowling Club, 
 Treasurer of the Elm Park Bowl- 
 ing Club, President of the Stand- 
 ai'd (Quartet Club, of Elm Park, 
 Honorary President of the ^\'ill- 
 i.iinsburg Sangerbund, and a 
 member of the Brooklyn Anon 
 Society and Eichmond Lodge, 
 F. and A. M. . The sou of 
 Sebastian Vorgang and Katha- 
 rina Boehms, he was bom in 
 Asehaffenburg, Germany, Decem- 
 ber 30, 1817, and in 1865 came to 
 the United States. His paternal 
 grandfather had a large farm 
 s at Aschaffenburg. 
 
 VITT, FRANKLIN CHARLES, born in New York City in 1853, 
 of German descent, received his education in the public schools of New 
 York City and Richmond County, subseciuently studying law. He was 
 a Justice of the Peace in Richmond County from 1884 to 1897. He was 
 Clerk of the Board of Supervisors of the same County from December, 
 1890, until Staten Island became a part of New York City under the 
 new charter. He is now Secretary of the School Board for the Borough 
 of Richmond, City of New York. 
 
 EGBERT, GEORGE THOMPSON, Avas President of the Village of 
 Poi't Richmond, S. I., for two successive terms of two years 
 each, and at the present time is a member of the Boai'd of Education 
 of the Borougli of Richmond, New York Citv. He was born in Mari- 
 
ENCYCLOPEDIA OF NEW YORK BIOGRAPHY. G-li» 
 
 uer's Harbor, S. I., July 30, 1851, the son of Wesley Egbert 
 and Margaret, daughter of William Miller, and the grandson of James 
 Egbert. He attended the Mount Washington Collegiate Institute of 
 New York City, and entered the employ of Gasheree, Emery & Com- 
 pany, importers and jobbers in drygoods in New York, remaining Avith 
 them for ten years and rising from the position of offlceboy to that of 
 cashier and head bookkeeper. During the last twenty years he has 
 been connected with the Consolidated Fireworks Company of America, 
 the largest manufacturers and imjiorters of fireworks in the world. 
 He was formerly Treasurer, and is now a stockholder and Secretary 
 in this corporation. He is President of the Board of Trustees of the 
 Summerfield M. E. Church, of Staten Island, and is a Mason and a 
 member of the Order of the Knights of Pythias. 
 
«B-1 6.6, 
 

 
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