U i: ■1 i iiiil III ( Ijfl \ ; V /UcJ^ Jw /He/ ^ No. 1. HISTOltTCAL COLLECTIONS itniot f iottttr gtssotiation OF THE CITY OF RflCnESTER AND IHONROE COUNTY, N. Y. AN ADDRESS, DELIVETIED BY THE REV. FERDINAND De W. WARD OF GENESEO, N. T. BEFORE THE ASSOCIATION AT ITS ANNITAL OrATHEKING- AXD FESTIVAL, OCT. '26, 1859, AND EE-T)ELIVEKET), BY BEQUEST, BEFORE THE ASSOCIATION AND CITIZEN OF ROCHESTER, AT CORIN- THIAN HALL, DEC. 12, 1859. ROCHESTER: PUBLISHED, FOR THE ASSOCIATED MEMBERS, BY D. M. DEWEY. CHARLKS B. NORTON, NF.W YORK. 1860. , STUONO & CO., PRINTERS, ROCHESTER, M. Y. a i 7 No. 1. HISTORICAL COLLECTIONS litnior liontcr %$mi CITY OF ROCHESTER AND MONROE COUNTY, N. Y. AN ADDRESS, DELIVERED BY THE REV. FERDINAND De W.WARD, OF GENESEO, N. Y. . ' B-2- TlEGiXJESX, BEFOKE THE ASSOCIATION AT ITS ANNUAL GATHERING AND FESTIVAL, OCT. 26, 1859, AND BE-DELIVEEED, BY PwEQUEST, BEFORE THE ASSOCIATION AND CITIZENS OF ROCHESTER, AT CORIN- THIAN HALL, DEC. 12, 1859. ROCHESTER: PUBLISHED, FOR THE ASSOCIATED MEMBERS, BY D. M. DEWEY. CHARLES B. NORTON, NEW YORK. 18G0. ADDHESS. In an Address delivered at the laying of the corner-stone of the First Presbyterian Chnrch of this city in the s^Jring of 1823, the Rev. Joseph Penney, after alluding to the pos- sible prosperity and coming greatness of what was then but an Innnble village, thus eloquently exclaims : " The future, who can tell ? This spot may, after a few years, be a populous mart, or — a wilderness again. The present appearances, to the fondness of human fancy, promise that here the blessings of piety and virtue, of peace and plenty, of civilization and liberty, may be long enjoyed ; and giving scope to imagination in the regions of probability, we may see rising from this place divines and legislators, philoso- phers and heroes, who shall adorn their country — shall adorn mankind." Two score years are h'lstening to their close since these hopeful words were uttered. Of those who gathered on that occasion, many have seen the last of earth ; while he who gave them expressiou, lies, like a wounded leader upon the battle field, waiting the summons to a celestial robe and crown.""" The sentences quoted from his gifted pen, suggest the topic to which, in various aspects, the following pages are devoted, viz : the contrihittions loJiich Rochester has niade^ through native citizens and long residents^ reflecting honor upon the place of their ahode^ and promoting the luelfare of the loorld. What, as first in relative ira|>ortance, to the .Christian Ee- ligion? — What, to Morality and Philanthropy? — What, to * Rev. Dr. Penney, closed bis life of honor and usefulness March 20, ISGO, his Aineral bein;: attended in the Church edifiCL\ at the laj-inj; of the corner-stone of which an Address was delivered, of which the above quoted is a brief extract. 4 FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. Science and Literature? — What, to Law and Medicine? What, to Politics and Statesmanship? — What, to Manufac- tures and Trades? — What, to Finance and Commerce? AYhat, to the Fine Arts ? — leaving a few specialities which do not arrange themselves under either of the preceding titles. The illustrations of each topic must, of necessity, be THE CHEISTIAK EELIGIO^S^ "The child is father of the man." With what emphasis does this aphorism hold respecting the religious character of a city or town ! Apply it to our own case. Tiiey who earliest maoth sides of the waters. Drs. Anderson and Cutting long dis- tinguished themselves as editors of leading journals of JS^ew York. Dr. Kendrick is the author of several Greek text books, and has recently edited, with great labor and learning, the Commentarv of Olshausen on the New Testament. Prof. Kicliardson has issued a small but elaborate treatise on Roman Orthoepj, which is attracting much attention among scholars in this country and in England. Prof. Cutting lias lately sent forth a valuable volume touching some questions connected with the Baptist denomination, and entitled " His- toric Vindications." Prof. Fowler, now of Auburn, when occupying the chair of Political Economy, furnished the reading world with a racy, interesting volume, entitled " The American Pulpit."' Oldest in the Faculty, by far the longest resident in the city, is Dr. Dewey — a household name among the " savans" of both hemispheres, and himself a Thesaurus u]3on his favorite branches of chemistry, mineral- ogy, and geology. A sketch of Rochester as it is and has been for tliirt}'- years, would be greatly defective without special notice of this eminent scholar. Coming to the city in the year 1836, as Principal of the High School, he at once took the place to which he was well entitled, in the fore- ranks of the friends of education throughout "Western New York. Dr. Dewey's scientific writings are voluminous, hav- ing been for forty years a large contributor to •" Sillinuin's Journal," to which distinguished receptacle of American Science our townsman has contributed articles upon topics like tliese : " Aurora Borealis," "Best Methods for JMaking Meteorological Observations," " Sunsets," " The Temperature UNIVEKSITY OF KOCM ESTER — THE CLUB. 0?. of Lake Ontario," " Caricograpliy," (a plant of the genus carex, or sedge,) forty articles ; " Conduction of Water/' " Minei-alogy and Geology of Western Massachusetts and pai'ts adjacent," and " The Polished Rocks of Western New York." The meteorological articles in onr own city jour- nals, over the familiar signature of " C. D.," illustrate his affluent and observing mind. The Eochester Theologica,l Seminary is under the able instruction ot^ — E. G. Robiusou, D. D., Professor of Biblical and Pastoral Theology. y. R. Hotchkiss, D. D., Professor of Biblical Literature and Exegesis. G. K Xorthrop, A. M., Professor of Ecclesiastical History. The catalogue of the current year contains the names of thirty-one students, with six in the German department, un- der Prof Eauschenbusch, graduates of eight colleges, aggre- gating 37. Since its organization, in the year 1851, the valuable library of the late distinguished ISTeander was secured to this Institution. The benefit of a general kind whicli the community receives from such academic schools as these, is obvious to all ; they need no mention at this time. The graduates, collegiate and theological, are alreadj- makino; their mark for learn ini>; and 2:oodness throughout the Union and across the sea. Among the many who have entered tlie ministry, it is enough to mention tlie name of flev. A. Kingman Nott, whose lamented death has evoked the exclamation — " God moves iu a mysterious way Ilis wonders to perform!" and whose memoirs, prepared by hi^ brother, the worthy Pastor of the First Biiptist Church in this city, have but in- creased the regret, that he vv-ho was so well fitted for a long and useful liie, should be called so early away. THE CLUB. To the University more than to any other immediate source, is Eochester indebted for aliterarv and scientific clul). whicli. 2i rUBHC AND TRIVATE SCUOOLS — I'EEIODICALS. for the attainment of its important results, is entirely suc- cessful. Oi-ganized on the ISlh of July, 1851, its career thus far has fully answered the most sanguine exi)ectations of the persons thus associated for literary and scientific purposes. The gatherings are semi-monthly, during the University term, at each of which a member, in alphabetical order, reads an article upon whatever topic he chooses, which is tlien made the theme of criticism and conversation. There have already been held over a hundred sessions, at which various and learned articles have been read. PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SCHOOLS. Does the University meet the necessities of those who are on the M^ay to the highest learning, the demands of the masses are supplied through the seventeen PuUio ScJiooh^ with their commodious buildings and accomplished teachers. The High School, under Mr. Edward "Webster, takes the most diligent and studious from those of the lower grade, and the Academies^ from which we may name : " Collegiate Institute," Messrs. Benedict & Satterlee. " Boys' Training School," Rev. James Nichols, A. M. " East Avenue Collegiate Institute," M. G. Peck. " Commercial College," G. W. Eastman. "Robinson Episcopal School," the Misses Robinson. " Chapman's Commercial School," J. Y. R. Chapman. "Tracy Female Seminary," Miss Lucilia Tracy. '• Rochester X'emale Seminary," Mrs. James Nichols. " Curtis' Female Seminary," Mrs. P. H. Curtis. "Clover Street Seminary," Miss Amy Moore. " Allen Seminary," Miss Mary B. Allen. "Porter School," the Misses Porter. " Academy of the Sacred Hcait," Madame Kennedy. PERIODICALS. In our city the Printing Press found an early and impor- tant place, which it has retained witli great credit to' itself and usefulness to community. The first weeldy newspaper PEKIODICALS. 25 was established in ISIG, by Messrs. Dauby & Sheldon, under tlie title of the " Bochester GazetUP This was subsequently changed to the '-'- Roclicster Rejpublican^'' under Messrs. Derick and L, W. Sibley, and Messrs. Frederick Whittlesey and Edwin Scrantom. The next, in 1818, entitled the " Rochester Tdegraph^^'' with the late Everard Peck as pnb- lisher. The first daily paper established west of Albany was the " RocJiester Daily Advertiser,^'' having as editor Luther Tucker, (now of Albany,) aided by Henry O'Keilly, both of whom deserve, as they receive, a large place in our mem- ory and grateful esteem. Their enterprise was unique and promotive of our fame iiir and wide. Sixteen periodicals novv^ issue from Rochester, as follows : ' "Rochester Daily Union & Advertiser," ^ " Tri-Weekly," )■ " Weeklj' Republican," J "Rochester Daily Democrat & American,"^ " Tri-Weekly Democrat & American," "Monroe Democrat and 'Weekly Ameri can," J " Rochester Evening Express," " Weekly Express," " Rural New-Yorker," "Genesee Farmer" and "Rural Annual," "Frederick Douglass' Paper," (Weel»ly.) ) " Douglass' Monthly. I "Expositor & Advocate," " Journal of the Home," "Genesee Observer," (German) "Intelligencer of the North," (German) Curtis, Butts & Co, y A. Strong & Co. Ilebard, Tracy & Co. D. D. T. Moore. Joseph Harris. Frederick Douglass. Joseph Marsh. Mrs. N. S. Barnes. Adolphe Nolte. Kramer & Felix. Leaving not one house without the opportunity of informa- tion upon subjects of common and current interest. As depots of scientific and literary productions of every variety, what need we more satisfactory than the Rook Stores of Messrs. Allings & Cory ; Darrow & Bro. ; D. M. 26 LAW AND MEDICINE. Dewey ; Adams & Dabney ; Steele, Avery & Co. ; G. TV". Fisher ; L. Hall ; and G. 11. Clark. LAW AND MEDICINE. In the two-fold departments of Connsel and Advocacy the Monroe County Bar is eminently distinguished. The first County Court was held in May, 1821 "; the first or pre^idiDg judges in succession, being Elisha B. Strong, Ashley Samp- sou, Moses Chapin, E. Smith Leo, Samuel L. Selden, John Bowman, Joseph Sibley, Ashley Sampson, (2d term,) Pat- rick G. Buchan, Harvey Humphrey, George G. Munger, John C. Chumasero. By way of legal reminiscence, let a few names and facts pass under notice : Under the former Constitution, Mr. William B. Rochester (subsequently a candidate for the chair of State,) and Mr. Addison Gardiner (late Lieutenant Governor,) had seats upon the bench of the Circuit Court ; and Mr. Frederick Whittlesey held the office of Yice Chan- cellor, and for a short time that of Justice of the Supreme Court. Under the present Constitution our city has furnished two Justices of the Supi-crae Court, for this district, (Sam- uel L. Selden and E. Darwin Smith,) and two members of the " Court of Appeals," (x^ddison Gardiner and Samuel L. Selden,) neither of whom has permitted the reputation of this, the place of his home, to suffer at his hands. Of the thirty-seven lawyers residing in this place twenty years ago, ten are deceased. One (Hon. Chas. P. Doolittle,) re- moved to Wisconsin, which State he now represents in the United States Senate — and eight liave been honored with seats on the Judicial bench. One name adorns tlie an- nals of our City and County Court, which it were wrong to pass without special notice. Vincent Mathews, took up his residence in Eochester in 1821 ; having been at the Bar of Chemung and Steuben counties since 1809, filling stations of honor at Washington and Albany. With such antece- LAW AND MEDICINE. 27 dents, it is no matter of surprise to find him at once upon arrival in possession of public respect and confidence, and as Assembly man, District Attorney, &c., justifying expecta- tions awakened in advance. Upon his decease, tlie junior members of the Bar secured a portrait of their venerable friend, which now graces the Court-room, reminding the ob- server of one who as a lawyer was firm, faithful and pro- found ; as a citizen, was public spirited and generous ; as a parent and church communicant, all that these terms imply, of afi:ection, integrity and devotion. The Medical Profession has not at all fallen in the rear of the Legal, as to the learning and skill of its members. "We find that out of thirty or more of an early class in active duty, Messrs. S. Hunt, A. G. Bristol, Wm. W. Keid, P. G. Tobey, H. Bradley, T. Ilavill, P. G. Shipman, alone remain. Among the early practitioners, there may be named without invidious distinction : Dr. Fred'k F. Backus, son of Presi- dent Backus, of Hamilton College, was a resident of this city for more than forty years, during which period he stood in the foreran k of his profession. Of great benevolence, never neglecting the most humble who sought his aid ; of pevsevering industry, to the latest hour of his active life ; ])ursuing the most recent medical works, and replete with genuine humor ; ambitious to succeed, and to excel, detest- ing cpiackery, in all its forms, with warm attachment to his fellow men, an exemplary and intelligent christian — his name is imperishably identified with the history and fortunes of Western ]^ew York. It was to his industrious accumula- tion and skillful arrangement of facts and arguments, em- bodied in a report presented while a member of the Senate, that the public are indebted for that most needed and blessed institution, — the Asylum for Idiots — while the like influence was a powerful means of securing the location here of the House of Refuge — the street in front of which bears his lionored name. Dr. Axson Coleman, is a name not to be 28 MEDICINE — POLITICS AND STATESMANSHIP. passed without a grateful recollection. Distinguislied for his ardent devotion to his profession, he exhibited in its practice, an indomitable energy and perseverance, regarding it as worthy of his higliest effort and greatest sacrifice. When that sad pestilence, the Asiatic Cholera, was among us, his eftbrts to quiet the popular alarm, and restore the stricken invalids, were appreciated at the time, and are still remem- bered, with grateful satisfaction, by Jits many friends. Dr. John B. Elwood, after years of distinguished ability and success in the department of medicine, and especially of surgery, has retired to private life, which he leaves only at the demand of imperitive duty or long cherished affection. The respect and confidence which he has ever enjoyed from his fellow citizens, were never more deservedly won. Contemporary with Dr. Elwood, and for a considerable period a partener in business, was Dr. John D. Henry, M'ho has a jnst ])laec in the recollection of our early citizens as a skillful practitioner, an exemplary christian, and a kind neighbor. He has accompanied Dis. Ei'own, Ensworth, Gibbs, Day, McCracken, Ezra Strong, and McGregor, to the "house appointed for all the living." Doctors Erank H. Hamilton, Thos. E. Rochester, and Edward M. Moore, oc- cupy distinguished places in the medical department of the "University of Buftalo." The late Dr. Webster, during several years previous to his death, occupied the chair of surgery, in Geneva Medical College. Since the passing away of the diseases incident to a new settlement, Itoehes- tcr has ranked among the healthiest cities of the Union, and is now well sujiplied with learned and able j)hysicians. POLITICS AND STATESMANSHIP. Rochester has taken an active and influential part in the discussion and direction of afliiirs, State and National. It was here that the Hon. John Quincy Adams ^i^^ccived his first nomination to the presidency ; a fact to which he often POLITICS AND STATESMANSHIP. 29 referred. Anti-Masonrj, wliicli entered so largely into pol- ities thirty years ago, bringing into notice persons whom the nation has honored already, and may much more in time to come, find early and devoted friends here. The Hon. Addison Gardiner and Hon. Henry R. Selden have presided over the Senate as Lieutenant Governors. A recent acting Governor of Nebraska, Thomas B. Gumming, was a native of Rochester. So, also, is the Hon, David K. Carter, lately a member of Congress, from Ohio. The Hon. D. D. Bar- nard, now cf Albany, recently United States Minister to Prussia, formerly represented this District in Congress, and passed in Rochester, the early years of his prosperous life ; as also, Hon. John Covode, now Member Congress, of Penn. ; Messrs. Samuel G. Andrews, Isaac R. Elwood, and Samuel P. Allen, have efficiently discharged the duties of Clei'K of the Stnte Senate. L. Ward Smith, a native of Rt)chester, was Adjutant General of the State of New York, in 1851-52. We cannot dismiss this topic without a notice of one person whose name has a national fame ; I refer to TnuELOw Weed, Esq. This gentleman commenced his pub- lic career among us as Editor of the " Rochester Telegraph," about the year 1827. Desiring a wider arena, he removed to Albany, to edit the well known *•' Ecening Journal^ though not without a fond, and oft-uttered attachment to his early home. He entered life with but the fragment of an education ; but by dint of incessant study, and attention to single objects,, he lias accomplished vdiat is impossible to the mere student of books. Though declining official posi- tion, he made himself known and felt in every city and village of the Union, In the language of a metropolitan editor, " when he passes aw^ay, in the fulness of years, he will leave no larger, more genial spirit, to take his place on the busy stage of human affairs," 30 MANUFACTURES AND TRADES. MAN-UFACTURES AND TRADES. The Genesee River, M-ith its "Rapids," and "Falls" of 260 feet, early attracted emigrants to a spot wiiich, from that feature alone, it was supposed, must become one of man- ufacturing importance. The future lias justified these ex- pectations. Of the large tract of land given by the Indians to Messrs. Phelps and Gorham, " one hundred acres were donated by tiiose gentlemen to Indian Allen" on condition that a Grist Mill should be erected. This mill was built in 1789. It was small, ill-constructed, and, in best order, could grind but GO bushels a day ; but for a considerable time, it answered all demands, for 30 miles around. The stones used in this mill, were made from rock taken fiom the bed of the river adjacent, and were subsequently removed- and used. in a mill at Allen's Creek, in the town of Brighton, where they are yet preserved ; and steps are being taken to place them in the Court House yard, in this city. Such were the beginnings of wliat has been during two score years, the center oi flour mmiufactute ^ which, for amount, excellence and reputation, has no superior in any land. Some of the Rochester mills are on a scale of magnitude unsurpassed in the world. There are several single runs of stone which can grind 100 barrels per day. During the year ending August 1st, 1835, eighteen mills, with 78 runs of stone, manufactured 400,000 barrels of flour, which was sent to every part of the habitable globe. Ten of the largest . and most perfect of these mills were erected under the di- rection of Robert M. Dalzell, of whom, it has been well said, that if the architect of palaces be worthy of notice in history, it cannot be improper to render justice to the scien- tific mechanic, whose slvill has largely contributed to the fame of the city of his residence. Rochester, with her twen- ty-one flouring mills, containing 116 runs of stone, (ex- clusive of custom mills,) still manufactures more flour, MANUFACTUEES AND TEADES. 81 it is believed, than any otber place in the world. Not- withstanding the temporary check to this branch of her manufacturing business occasioned by the partial failure of the Genesee wheat crop during the last five years, her facili- ties are so great for deriving ample supplies of wheat from Canada and all the Western and South-Western States, that should the present sanguine expectations fail as to the speedy restoration of Genesee wheat in its former abundance and excellence, she will easily supply lier numerous mills, and continue to hold her eminence not only as to the extent of_ her manufactures, but the premium character of some of her brands of flour — a position which is now unsurpassed in the world. The flouring mills, though dealing more with capital, in proportion to labor, than some other branches of manu- facture, furnish em])loyment direct and indirect to a popula- tion greater than that of any village in this region. A medium sized flouring mill, if in operation most of the time, disburses, for labor and other incidentals, not less than $13,000 per annum, giving employment to about fifty men, including coopers, which, with their families, (estimating five in each house,) amount to between two and three hundred souls, sustained by each mill, or some five thousand in the asrsfreffate. These facts and fioures illustrate one source of our prosperity, and justify our favorite sobriquet of " JFlour CityP Let ns not close tliis reference to the mills of Eochester without a grateful mention of some who early embarked in this important branch of public prosperity. At the head stands Ebenezer Allen, in 1789. In the year 1807, we find the name of Chas. TIanford ; 1812, Francis Brown & Co. ; 1814, Messrs. E. & H. Ely, and Josiah Bissell ; 1817, Wm. Atkinson, E. B. Strong, Herman K"orton, and E. Beach ; 1818, Palmer Cleveland ; 1821, Thomas H. Rochester and Harvey Montgomery ; 1826, Elias D. Shelmire and Benj. Campbell ; 1827, E. S. Beach, Thomas Kempshall, Ilcnry Kennedy, Warham Whitney, Silas O. Smith, and F. Bab- 32 MANUFACTURES AND TRADES. cock ; 1828, H. Ely ; 1831, Charles J. Hill, R D. & H. P. Smith ; 1835, James K. Livingston ; 1836, H. B. Williams, Mack & Patterson, II. L. Achilles, and Joseph Strong. These were the active ones, in this direction, during thirty years of our history. We will never forget them. The present millers : Thomas Kempshall, Charles J. Hill & Son, John Williams, Louis Chapin, G. AY. Bnrbank, Joseph Put- nam, William Richardson, Iliram Smith, W. W. Carr, Ben- nett & Conolly, George W. Smith, George S. Riley, H. IST. Peck, Cornelius AVaydell, Main & Chapman, A. Longmuir & Co., P. Conolly, Kennedy & Bostwick, J. M. Whitney & Co. ; and several custom millers. Look at the larger establishments, for the manufacture of Boots and Shoes: Pancost, Sage & Co., Geo. Gould & Co.? L. & H. Churchill, J. W. Hatch & Son, L. A. Pratt, H. F- A^nnDake, Jaquith,& Co., P. Biglow, 11. E. Whittlesey, J. F. Conklin, W. Rhoades, P. & jl'lvirley, Woollard & Leat, G. P. Grant, John Groh, with a few smaller establishments, aggregating one thousand five Iiundred jjersons in constant employment. One of these houses sends out, dailj', one thou- sand pairs of boots and shoes. Thirteen States and Terri- tories bring custom to this market. A gentleman well in- formed tells me that upon reliable data he bases his estimate that five thousand persons in this city are sheltered, fed and clothed through this branch of industry alone. The oldest tannery was that of the Messrs. Graves ; that of Messrs. Fitch & Allings (just consumed by fire, but re-commenced in another place) is, M'ith two exceptions, the lai-gest this side of Xew York City. Another extensive branch of manufacture is that.of Garments^ and their exportation to half the States of the Union. Among the principal dealers in this article are : Stettheimer & Co., Greentree & Wile, B. P. Robinson & Co., AYollf & Bachmann, George Shelton, L F. Reed, Mad- den & Campbell, Clark & Storms, Cornwall & Stace, Geo. MANUFACTURES AND TRADES. 33 Oarkson & Son, and J. W. Armitag-e. A single establisli- ment emj^loys two hundred persons, with a business of over f 300,000 per annum. Mr. D. R. Barton commenced the £Jdge Tool Business in 1834. He has now in his establishment one hundred and fifty pereons, manufacturing articles which are sought for by customers from all parts of this country and from Europe. Go to the workshops of Messrs. Kidd &: Co., and you will find 100 persons engaged in the manufocture of Car Wheels Hail Road and other Castings^ for the Southern market, con- suming nearly 4,000 tons of iron, and aggregating sales to about $300,'") "!0 per annum. Go to the Slove Manufactories i)f Messrs. French & Co., Bennett & Co., DeWitt & Galusha — the fii-st employs 60 persons per day, almost the year around, working up 30 tons of iron, into 250 to 300 stoves per week, the annual sales amounting to about 8300,000. And the extensive Iron Bailing and the Covert Bank Lock Works of Martin Briggs. Forget not that at the Scale Works of the Duryee & Forsyth Manufacturing Company, and Messrs. Forsyth & Co., may be found articles in variety and size, from a bank lock to a hay scale. Look in at the Paper Mills of Mr. Jones. Step within Messrs. Boughton & Chase's Shingle Factory / and the various Chair Factories of Hayden & Bromley, the Charles Eobinson Chair Manufac- •tory of M. C. MordofF & Co., and others, on State street. Omit not the extensive Steam Engine manufactory of Messrs. D. A. Woodbury & Co. ; and the Carriage depots of J. Cunningham, and Messrs. Elliott & Lodewick ; and the " L'on Fence AVorks" of J. P. Fisher.' Go into a room at " Fiske's Building," on Mill street, and you wuU find Mr. Daniel Hughes, an ingenious mechanic of the city, conduct- ing a large establishment for the manufacture of Genesee hickory into Stirrups^ which are sent by thousands to South America, Mexico, and the Western plains. Pass across the bridge, to the east side of the river, and 3 34 jMANUFACTURKS and TKADES-. inakc observation there. "Well do I reinembcr when the firsf Piano Forte was brought to this, tlien, village. It was 'the lion' of the place. But now we see our townsman, Frederick Starr, conducting an establishment for the manu- facture of these instruments — (now no longer a luxui-y, but a necessity in every well furnished honse,) wlsich find pur- chasers all over the State, receiving commendations even from Bi'ston artists, and taking the })rize wherever exhibited. Visit the suburbs, and you will find about 4,000 acres of land devoted to the culture of trees, shrubs and flowers — 'the an- nual sales ranging from $750,000 to $1,000,000. Rochester can!"ains the largest Fruit and Ornamental Nurseries in the world, exporting trees, &c,, to every part of the Union — to Canada and the far countries of Europe. Among the many engaged in this trade, w^e do not hesitate to name the firm of Messrs. Ellwanger and Barry, who were the Pioneers of this depai'tment, and still retain the p)re-eminence ; to which may be added the firms of H. E. Hooker & Co. ; A. Frost ro; her Bissell's zeal, but wisdom is profitable to direct. The tim- ber for the Irame is yet standing in the woods, the neces- sary funds awi not provided ; it cannot be done.' ' There is no real difficulty,' was the reply. ' One set of men can be eniployed to fell the timber, another to square it, another to draw it to the spot, and another still to irame it. The seats can be contracted for at one carpenter's shop, the glazing and doors at another, while other sets of men can be employed at boarding and in laying the floor. Then, with large stoves for warming, we can dispense with plastered walls and ceiling for the present, since the summer is nigh.' 'But it camiot be done,' rejoined another. 'It CAN be done,' said Mr. Bissell. 'Make me the building committee, and I will raise tlie means and complete the building ; and, God helping us, we will worship in our new 40 SPECIALITIES. sanctuary next Sabbath.' The Society could do no other than authorize an attempt, in which the projector assumed all the burden. The meeting was dissolved at ten o'clock Monday morning. Tuesday, the axmen's blows were heard, and before night the squared timbers commenced to appear on the ground and the framers were seen at their work ; Thursday, it was raised and partly boarded in ; Friday, the boarding was completed and the floors laid ; Saturday morn- ing the windows and doors, benches, pulpit, stoves, and all things necessary to the completion of the edifice were in their places ; and on Sanday morning four hundred jpersons croivdedinto the new Sanctuary .■"' Yes, and there are gentle- men now among us who listened to many a discourse de- livered beneath the roof of that six-day-built Sanctuary. Where is the erpial to this expedition and enterprise the land over ! Am I reminded that if Rochester was the birth-place of so much that is beneficial and of good report, so is it of Spiritual Eapjjings and of Sam Patch hardihood ? So be it- It only illustrates the imperfections adhering to all sub- lunary things, however excellent. We would that these " spots " had not obscured the brightness and defaced the beauty of our "sun," but fall back upon the adage, '" Errare humanurn est^'' confident that the vast ocean of the true, and right, and useful, will swallow the scum upon the billowy surmce. This Address having been prepared for and delivered be- fore the " Junior Pioneer Association of Pociiester and THE County of Monroe," and, at their solicitation, repeated at this time, it is due to the occasion that a few remai'ks be made by way of reminiscence and snggested counsel. When Governor De AVitt Clinton (yencralile nomen) passed this way, in the year IS 10, it was to find this spot ■ without a human habitation. An emigrant of the next year, (Enos Stone, now deceased,) as described by O'Peilly, SPECIALITIES. 41 lived to see the spot where he killed the miscLievous bear, the center of a dense population, and the site of impos- ing erections. The first allotments for a village were made in 1812, when j^athaniel Rochester, Charles II. Carroll, and William Fitzhugh, surveyed and laid out the " One Hundred Acre Tract" for settlement, under the name of " Rochester." This was part of the larger tract of twelve by twenty-four miles, on the west side of the Genesee River, which Messrs. Phelps and Gorham obtained from the In- dians for the purpose of a mill-yard! During the same year, other allotments were made in a northerly direction by Messrs. Mattliew and Francis Brown, and Thomas Mumford, under the name of "Frankfort." Opposite this tract, on the east side of the river, lay another allotment, made under the direction of Messrs. Sanniel J. Andrews, and Moses Atwater. This was an eventful year to Roches- ter and to the country. War being declared with Great Britain, the patriotism and valor of this new settlement, were soon to be put to the test ; for, in a few months after- wards. Sir James Yeo made his appearance at the mouth of the river, with a fleet of thirteen vessels, threatening imme- diate and dire destruction, unless the provisions and mili- tary stores supposed to be gathered at Charlotte, were at once delivered up. How the gallant baronefs proposition was received by commanders Brown, Ely and Stone — with what adroitness and success ten citizen soldiers were multiplied into scores of disciplined troops — with what lofty indignation and burning words the insolent demand of the invader was rejected — and how quickly his Majesty's legates left the harbor to report to his superior the failure of his enterprise, and, mayhap, receive an official reprimand for being outwitted by the Yankees ! You will find it all in O'Reilly's graphic pages. — Go, read them there. This was the cradled infant but with manly spirit in his early years. Time passed on, adding muscle and sinew, promising a 42 SPECIALITIES. long, earnest and nsefiil life. In 1817, the first Trustees were elected under the village charter ; the presiding offi- cers during the next seventeen years, being — Messrs. Francis Brown, Matthew Brown, .Jr., Jolin W. Strong, Elisha John- son, J. Medhery, N. Bossiter, J. Thorn, and F. M. Haight, several of whom were re-elected. In 183-1 a City Ciiakte, was obtained, with Jonathan Childs as first mayor, whose venerable form and conrteous manners have but till lately met us in the public street and the social circle. The same high office has been held in succession, by Messrs. Jacob Gould, A. M. Schermerhorn, Thomas KemjDshall, Elisha Johnson, Thomas 11. Bochesler, Samuel G. Andrews, Elijah F. Smith, Chas. J. Hill, Isaac Hills, John Allen, William Pitkin, .John B. Elwood, Jos. Field, Levi A. Ward, Samuel Richardson, Hamlin Stilwell, [Nicholas E. Paine, Samuel G. Andrews, Rufns Keeler, John Williams, Chas. II. Clai-ke, Maltby Strong, Chas. J. Hay den, S. W. D. Moore ; and the present incumbent, Hamlet D. Scrantom. Such, is a rapid view of our city during the first half century of its eventful history. Such, junior citizens of Bochester, is the goodly heritage which has passed into your hands, from those who reclaimed this region from na- tive rudeness and barbarism into its present form of beauty and civilization. Among the older residents may be recognized — f Oliver Culver, Thomas Kompsliall, Abner Wakelee. Euos Stone,* "Willis Kempshall, Robert Wilson,* Hamlet Scrantom,* Aaron Xewton, Everard Peck,* Ira West,* Raphael Beach,* R. M. Dalzell, Silas 0. Smith, F. F. Backus,* Jacob Gould, Henry Skinner,* J. B. Elwood, Daniel D. Hatcli,* Abelard Reynolds, A. Coleman,* Erastus Cook, I. W. Stone, 0. Gibbs,* Moses Chapin, Thomas Mumford,* John Henry,* Preston Smith, t The above list coiniirises mvny of the leailinj men among the early Pioneers. It has been found about imjmssiblc to njake a correct list, hence any omissions must be parcloneij. *I>ect'ase(L SPECIALITIES. 43 Jolm Mastick,* Azel Enswortb,* Francis Brown,* Matthew Brown,* William Brewster, Charles Hanford, William I. Hanford, Daniel Mack, Samuel Andrews,* Hastings R. Bender,* Jonah Brown, Gideon Cobb, William Cobb,* Jacob Graves, Daniel Graves, Jehiel Barnard, Solomon Cleveland,* Palmer Cleveland,* Nathaniel Rochester,* John C. Rochester, John W. Strong,* L. Ward, Jonathan Child, Warham Whitney,* Jonathan Packard,* S. Hunt, A. G. Smith,* John G. Bond, Elisha Ely,* Hervcy Ely, Ebenczer Ely, Ariovester Hamlin,* A. V. T. Leavitt, William H. Ward,* Russell Ensworth,* Russell Green, William Atkinson,* Ebenczer Watts, Harvey Montgomery, Elisha Johnson, Nathaniel Draper, Josiah Sheldon,* Roswell Hart,* Seth Saxton,* James Frazer, Erasmus D. Smith, Joseph Spencer,* Charles Magne,* David H. Carter,* James B. Carter,* Ashley Sampson,* Frederick Starr, Matthew Mead, Rufus Mecch, Charles J. Hill, William Pitkin, Enos Pomeroy, William Charles, Stephen Charles, Roswell Babbitt,* Elisha Lee,* Charles M. Lee,* John A. Cathcart, Derick Sibley, L. W. Sibley,* Reuben Bardwell,* Edwin Scrantom, Thurlow Weed, J. W. Smith,* A. G. Dauby, William Buell, Erastus Shepard.* L. L. Miller,* Jesse Mason. Enos Blossom.* " Some, from their weary toil are now at rest ; Some, withered, old and weak, yet trembling wait A little season, and they too shall rest— They cannot labor nov/. But ye -whose feet Have entered on their labors, reverence These men. You praise the bravery of him Who dares face death upon the battle field ; Bat far beyond such bravery, is his, Who in his youth dares face the wilderness: Dares build his cabin upon lands whose trees Reach to the Heavens, and hopes to live on those Same forest lands, and his own toil alone. Yet his is no ignoble toil : he gives The sun to shine on lands and streams, which for A thousand years have not his beams beheld. He gives all grains to grow on pleasant fields, Where, but for him, wild beasts of prey had roamed— 44 TO THE JUNIOR PIONEERS. A tcii'or still. Tlie7i reverence thexe men ! Look but iihroad ! The scene, bow changed, Where fifty Heethig years ago. Clad in their savage costume ranged, The belted lords of shafts and bow. In praise of pomp, let fawning art Carve rocks to triumph over years; The grateful homage of the heart Give to our livlmj Pioneers." [Humpurey. Mkmbers of the Junior Pioneer Association of Rochester, and THE County of Monroe : Objects more important fitting and hopeful of benefit to yourselves and community, could hardly be named, than those that gave you an associated existence, and wliich call for the most earnest prosecution and untiring efforts for com- plete success. And M'hat are they? First, the collecting and reportinfj of minute facts ^'esjyecling th' heginning of this city. To the historian of ai:iy community, the first ten years possess a value greater than any subsequent term. It is over these that an impenetrable obscurity is likely to rest. To the superficial thinker it may seem a small matter to dis- cuss such questions as "Who made the first purchase?" " Who felled the first tree?" " Who erected the first dwell- ing?" " Who opened the first store ?" " Who built tlie first mill?" "AVho presided as tiie first officer?" "Who was the first born T and the like. But, it is these ^r^^ facts which, like the foundation stones of a massive palace or temple, un- derlie all true history. Let not a point suggested be deemed too trivial to examine. At your annual gatherings take up these things which belong to the past, (for that is your voca- tion,) inquire among yourselves, enter into correspondence, search with all diligence, and rest not until well certified as to the least among these events. Second, The iveservation of whatever illustrates the condi- tion of this locality previous to its occupancy hy civilized and To THE Junior pioneees. ,45 CJiristiaii emigrants, togctlier vntJi the incipient steps to past or present prosiperity in any dejpartnient of handicraft or trade. I am told that there exists within our limits the mill-stone used for mannfacturing the first flour produced liere. That is a relic which should be preserved ; associated as it is with a branch of industry which has given us a world-wide repu- tation. I have seen an engraving of, the Upper Falls, by a French artist, taken before the American Revolution. These are but instances of multitudes like them, which should be sought out and taken in charge, ere destroyed by decay, or removed to distant places. A Third., and not the least importantobject of your Socie^ ty, is the opportiinily aforded at its annual gatherings for friendly recognitions and greetings. You meet in the ap- 2')ointed place ; politics, trade, and like dividing matters, are all laid aside. The p)(^si is the engrossing theme ; in our youth things were thus and so ; such was the condition of this place, and such the aspect of that spot ; where is he who built this house? occupied that home? would that they were with us to-day. And then the dinner.^ conducted on princi- l^les characteristic of our temperate city : and the toasts : and the addresses : and the last grasp of the hand, with the mu- tual promise to be together, if living, a twelve-month hence. Let outsiders smile as you march Irom the Court House to the hotel, led by spirit-stirring drum and fife, (the centena- rian, Alexander Millener, beating the same strokes he did at Bunker Hill, in the war of the Eevolution.) You know that the anniversary of this association is one which you would not willingly forego. There is one necessity which you should institute mea- sures to meet without delay, viz : a huild'mg., or at least a hall.) devoted wholly to the interests of the Association. Upon the walls should be susj^ended those portraits that are now in the Court Eoom, and others that might be ob- 46 TO THE JUNIOR PIONEERS. tallied. You could Inaugurate no i.neasure more certain than this to give your cherished Association tliat place in jjublic regard to which it is well entitled. Respected Friends^ — My attempt to portray Eoch ester, as it is in the closing days of 1859, is ended. Uarl my ability been equal to my desire, the narrative had been more com- plete. To collect and arrange these materials has been to me most truly a laboi;^f love, affording more pleasure than it can bestow. Tiiough not a nutlve of Rochester, I am at- tached to it with filial reverence and affection. In my ear- liest childhood I accompanied my parents to this their home, and for two score years have observed its ever-occuri'lng changes, and hailed with joy the eminence it has won of honor and usefulness. My wanderings over the earth have been abundant, and my absence, in one instance, long con- tinued. But whether treading the sands of India, or visit- ing that most beauteous spot, the metropolis of Africa, or climbing the rocky heights of St. Helena, or traversing the British kingdoms, or enjoying the embowered walks of the French Capitol, or beholding the teeming wonders of the Italian cities, or journeying through the far states and teni- tories, the forests and prairies of our own Eepublic, or toss- ed upon the restless bosom of the Atlantic and Soutliern Oceans, or borne upon the arrowy Rhone — the castellated Rhine — the friths and lochs of noble Scotland — the majestic Mississippi, and island-studded St. Lawrence ; mingling with Asiatics and Africans, Europeans, Britons or Ameri- cans, Christian, Mahomedan, Parsee or Pagan ; wherever I ha\e been, of Rochester I could say, "My hearty imtraveled^ still returns to thee .^" It has been well said, that any subse- quent departure from the home of our childhood is hardly less painful than the first : such is my experience of this fair and loved city. I have seen it pass from a mere villa to be- come the abode of 50,000 inhabitants. Here I formed my first friendships, heard my first understood words of wisdom JUKIOR PIONEER ASSOCIATION OF MONROE COUNTY. 47 and experience, accepted as my gnide the divinely inspired volume, and went forth to do battle for truth and God. But as an incentive to do good service for humanity and heaven, this thought had no unimportant place, that what I did was to have an effect for good or ill on my early and cherished home. I go to your beautiful Cemetery and read the sculptured names of many whom I once knew to respect, admire and love ; associates of boyhood in study and sports — of man- hood in co-operative efforts to bless the world. As I recall the excellency ot" their characters, the nsefulness of their lives, my heart goes out in supplication, that when the journey of life is with me ended, I too may find a resting jDlace on that Mount of ILype ; my spirit rejoinino- the spirits of relations and friends to become a co-dweller in that heavenly city, of which the most beantifuland attractive city of earth is but the faintest type. JUIs^OR PIOiS^EER ASSOCIATION OF EOCHESTER AND THE COUNTY OF MONROE. The Association bearing this name, was organized at the City Ilall, in Rochester, July 15, 1855. Twenty names were enrolled as members. An adjourned meeting was held on the 20th of August, 1855, at which a constitution was adopted and permanent officers elected. Ezra M. Parsons, Esq., was the lir.^t President. The 26th day of October in each year, it being the day of the completion and official openino- of the Erie Canal, was chosen as the day for the annual meet- ing and festival. The Association receives all as members who sign the constitution and pay one dollar, who were residents of the County on or before the 26th day of October, 1825 ; and, as honorary members, all who were born or resided in the County before January 1, 1830, whether male or female. Meetings have been regularly held Irom year to 4S PIONKEK ASSOCIATION Ol' WESTERN NEW YOUK. year, and tliere are now seventy-one members of both sexes. At each annual meeting there is a festival or public dinner. • There is au annual payment of one dollar dues from each I member, which constitutes the revenue of the Association. ] It is a provision in its organization that the Association shall attend the funeral of any deceased member, in a body. It has a committee of ten members to manage its general con- cerns, and a committee of five members on historical collec tions and biographies of members ; also, a committee of three members upon Annual Address. Its general design is to collect and preserve memorials of the earlier settlers of the city and county. President — H. L. Achilles. Vice Presidents — John C, Nash, Ephraiin Goss, John II. Thompson, Caleb H. Bicknell, aud-E. IL Grover. Rccordbig Secretary — Ilh-am F. Hatch. Corresponding Secretary — L. Ward Smith. Treasurer — Delos Weutworth. Chaplain-^Rev. F. D. W. Ward. Executive Committee — Jacob Ilowe^ George Byington, Jonathan Foster, Seth Green, Lorenzo D. Ely, William C. Smith, T. A. Newton, Newell A.' Stone, Elisha Y. Blossom, and Marcus Jewell. Committee on Historical Collections — Frederick Starr, Jarvis M. Hatch, Ezra M. Parsons, Thomas J. Paterson, Isaac Y. Moshier. Committee on Annual Address-^J ohn C. Nash, John H. Thompson, and Samuel Miller. PIONEER ASSOCIATION OF WESTERN NEW YORK. This society was formed in Rochester in 1847, and now I consists of about ninety gentlemen and forty-two ladies, s Annual meeting, at the Court House in Rochester, on the second Tuesday of June in each year. The portraits of about sixty members of the Association are now hanging in the Court Room. President — Gideon Cobb. Vice Presidents — Preston Smith and James Sperry. Secretary and Treasurer — Aaron Newton. Executive Committee— Fisher Bullard, Jonah Brown, and Nathaniel Draper. By RKV. F. 0les. 'J'he ' more excellent way' is here adopted ofolfering the principle to the details of every day life." C. R. Robert, Esq., of New- York City, ordering fifty copies, says, — «• Itis just the book we need among the young Christmas of this city." Rev. D. Chichester, of Mt. Morris, calls it "a hook for the times, and calcu- lated to do much good." Samuel J. Mills, Esq., of Mt Morris, ordering copies, say.s, — " The sub- jects are treated in a style plain and lorcible with an ociasional anecdote, v\hich is not only entertaining, but strikinjily illustrative, 'Ihe iJible Class and Sunday School Teacher will look m vain for a more suitable gilt to the inteiiiguil j uuth ol Iheir clu.rge." Rev. Dr. Dale, oi Phi'adelphia, in the Christian Instructor, (A.«sociate He- formed.)— " A well executed little work, writttn with unusual interest and practical good sense. It should bem the hands of all our youth, and v\e are persuaded will do good." Rev. L. Spauldiny,, Miss, at Ceylon. India, says, — " I intend to name it to my Iriends here and elsewhere, as just such a book as they should have and read: -a ^rac/t- rat vade mecum." Genesee Evangelist, Rochester — Rev. R. W. Hill, Editor. — " The mechani- cal execution and contents of tins little work render it worthy of extensive circulation.— The style is easy, the sentiments sound, and the advice judicious." Wni. Slocumh, Esq., of Marietta, Ohio, ordering copies, says, — "I am desi- rous to i)Ut a copy into the hand of each of the young ladies of my Bible class, as containing just theinslruciioiis 1 wouid give them. 1 wish that a copy could be in the hand of every youth in our land." National Macjnzine, (N. Y. and Cin.)— " A delightful volume, written with life and point, the very kind of manual for the young Christian. '1 he spirit of the book is excellenl— sucli as the Creal Teacher himself would approve." Brewster s Insurance Reporter.—"' This little gem should be in the pos- eessioii oiall our youth. Many valuable principles are developtd m it and useful sugges- tions made. Co and buy it." IvJuticesiniobt be quoted from tlie N. Y. Evangelist and Observer, and \n- deuendent froiirihe I'hiladelphia Presbyterian, Boston Congregationahst, New-Knglander, aiid vurioas papers in other parU ofthe Union, all in tho style of approval and commendation- AHD THB HINDOOS: bEINO A POPULAR VIEW OF THE GEOGRAPHY, HISTORY, GOVERNMENT, MANNERS, CUSTOMS AND RELIGION OF THAT ANCIENT PEOPLE; AVITII AN ACCOUNT OF CHRISTIAN MISSIONS AMONG THEM. "WITH A NEW AND COllRECT MAP OF INDIA TOGETHER WITH FINISHED ILLUSTRATIONS OF A PALANQUIN TONJON HOOK SWINGING SACRED BULL NATIVE HOUSE, BOAT, &C., iC. By F. De W. WARD, late Missionary among ihem. PUBLISHED BY CHARLES SCRIBNER, 145 NASSAU STREET, N. Y. 341 pp.— 12 mo. aiuslin $1 25, Gilt $1 75. ABRIDGLD NOTiCLS OF TEIE PRESS. JS^ew-York SjJectalor. — " Li few volumes of its size will be found so much valuable iiilurniutiun." JVew-York Express. — "A very interesting work, the production of a New- Yorker uiid a man ol science and schoiarsliip. 'I'lie work must, we ilunk, liuve a wide sulo." Neiv-York Courier and EiKjuirer. — "A work of decided vaiuo and inter- est." j\^ew-York Tribune. — "The condition of India as it was and is, both in a secular lUid religious aspect, is portrayed at iengtii with much liveliness and slrengUi ol de- scrijilioii." JS^ew-Xvrk Observer. — "The Avriter of this work had the best opportunities iif ui.dtrstaiiding \> ell Ins bUKJect and he evidently improved tliem to good purpose. 'I'lie J)ook coiitaiDs a vast amount of useful informalion on general subjects, vvlnle it is an import- am contribution to the cau.se of foreign missions.'' Ke'w-York Evangelist. — "These sketches are reniaikably full of instruction and present a complete and striking view of tlie peculiarities of the Hinduos." Genesee Evangelist, (Rochester.) — "The work is really, what it purports to be on the title page. 'I'he Author is evidently master of his subject and tells wliat he has to say in a direct, pleasing and dignified manner. 'I'lie person who cannot reud it tlirougli with unabated interest, must suspect some fault in himself." Meiv-York Journal of Commerce. — " A good book on India and the Hin- doos and one whicli supplies a long felt desiderattiim." New-York Churchman. — '' A pleasing, instructive and candid volume. "We know (jf no work where thf same aniduni of u.seful information respecting the people of In- dia is conveyed in so compact a space and at the same time in so agreeable a manner." Presbijlerian, (Philadeljihia.) — "A well prepared volume and valuable work." Grahani's Magazine, (Philadelphia.) — " A volume full of interest.'' American <£• Fore'ign Christian Union, (N. Y.) — '• The chapters on the me:ins of advancing Christianity in India and the efforts that have been made for the purpose, are peculiarly valuable." Missionary Herald, (Boston.) — " A very interesting and instructive work. It is alt Unit il'n title jirmiiisfx and will be sought for, no doubt, by many readers." BiiffuL) Commercial Advertiser. — " A work in which all classes of persons will lind tin interest and is on important contribution to our literary fund." Rochester American. — " The work meets with great favor from the reuUiu^ public, as was anticipated by the friends of the Author." li 'X 'C4 i LIBRARY OF CONGRESS !! II 014 205 285 4 Ih I i ' ' ____JI