LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. Clrap.fA^- Shelf ■VA-CLWI-?.- UNITED STATES OF AMEEIOA. ^1 *:-> CEREMONIES DEDICATION OF THE MONUMEN m ERECTED BY THE / CITY OF MANCHESTER, N, H I -^ ' ■ -^-^'j THE MEN WHO PERILED THEIR LIVES TO SAVE THE UNION IN THE LATE CIVIL WAR, SEPTEMBER 11, 1879. MANCHESTER, N. H. : MIRROR STEAM PRINTING PRESS. T CITY OF MANCHESTER. In Board op Common Council, October 7, 1879. Resolved, That a committee, consisting of one alderman and two councilmeii, be appointed to prepare and have published a suitable number of copies of the pro- ceedings on the occasion of dedicating the soldiers' monument ou the eleventh of September last ; and that said committee be hereby -instructed to cause the same to be printed in proper form, and to attend to their distribution. JOHN W. WHITTLE, President. In Board of Aldermen, October 7, 1879. Concurred. JOHN L. KELLY, Mayor. In compliance with the above resolution. Alderman Thomas L. Thorpe, and Councilmen Carl C. Shepard and John A. McCrillis were appointed as such committee. LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS. By the AJbertype Process, B'orbes Co., Boston. •J View or the MONUME>fT Frontispiece '' The Artilleryman Page 9 i The Cavalryman 17 ^The Infantryman 41 -/ The Sailor " . 49 CONTENTS. The Monument 9 Report of the Building Committee 13 Laying the Corner-Stone 17 Address of Rev. L. F. McKinney 22 Address of Rev. J. J. Hall 28 Arrangements for the Dedication ....... 41 The Procession 49 The Dedication . . ■ 65 Address of Hon. Daniel Clark 68 The Unveiling ■ 70 Address of Ex-Gov. Weston 72 Address of Mayor KeUy ......... 75 Masonic Ceremonies . . 82 Address of the Grand Master 85 Poem by Mrs. B. F. Dame . 90 Oration of Hon. J. W. Patterson 94 Address of Gov. Head 118 Illuminations and Evening Concert . . . . . . .121 Final Proceedings 123 THE MONUMENT. THE MONUMENT. The monument, as a work of memorial art, as an appropriate and expressive recognition of the services of our citizen soldiery in the civil war, has rarely been surpassed by any similar exjjressioii of popular patriotism. Early after the close of the war, the city took the initiatory steps for the erection of some fitting memorial by which to perpetuate the heroism and devotion of those of her people who had given tiieir ser- vices or their lives to the republic. Tiie purpose was slow, but certain of execution. Tiie shaft, and the heroes in bronze who surround it, are the perfected realization of the original design. All is simple and severe in taste, like the character of our sober and industrious popu- lation, but grandly expressive of the gratitude of a people who kiiow the worth of liberty and would transmit to their children tlie spirit of the men who fought and fell in its defen.se. The modeling of the statuary and the dccm-ative work was done in standard bronze, where they were cast and finished, at the fine-art foundry of Maurice J. Power, New York, the contvatstor for tlie sculptures and gas and water works. The monument is located near the center of Merrimack square, which is the largest of the five commons within the city limits. It contains five and seven-eighths acres, and is beautifully shaded by elm and maple trees. It is enclosed by a substantial iron fence, and has a large pond extending nearly its entire length, which is fed by the waters of Mile brook. It is the only common on Elm street, and 12 THE MONUMENT. the only one in the business portion of the city. It is bounded by Merrimack street on the north. Chestnut on the east, Central on the south, and Elm on tlie west. Here, in the midst of tlie crowding industries of the people whose patriotism is to he ins|)ired and sustained by its daily contemplation, the city has erected this monument to the valor and devotion of the twenty-eight hundred men who filled its quota in the war of the rebellion. EEPORT OF THE BUILDING COMMITTEE. REPORT OF THE BUILDING COMMITTEE. To Hie City Councils of tlie City of Manchester. Gentlemen, — Tlie undersigned Building Committee of the Soldiers' Monument, having completed the woi-k assigned them, beg leave to submit their final re]X)rt. The appointment of your committee bears date of July 3, 1877, and gives authority to expend a sum not exceeding twenty thousand dollars. Notices were immediately issued to architects and designers, that an opportunity would Ite offered to compete for a design of a soldiers' monument, fixing a time and place for the exhibition of their productions. In response to this invitation a large number of designs were pre- sented, the authors generally appearing in person and explaining their respective works. Your committee, after a jjatient and careful exami- nation, selected, with remarkable unanimity, the design presented' by Mr. George Keller of Hartford, Conn., and subsequently, by direction of your honorable body, tlie services of Mr. Keller were secured to furnish the working plans for the execution of the work. As soon as these plans and the specifications were prejiared, propo- sitions were invited for the erection of tlie monument. Upon an examination of the bids tendered, it appeared that the sum ap[)ro- priated was insufficient to carry out the design. The [jropositions were therefore all rejected. Thereupon a second invitation was extended for proposals, which elicited such sharp competition, owing to the scarcity of work of this kind, that the design has been fully 16 BEPOET OF THE BUILDING COMMITTEE. and satisfactorily carried e we are building to commemorate the services of the men who enlisted, went to battle, and never returned. We arc not building in a spirit LAYING THE CORNER-STONE. 23 of revenge, nor to keep alive the animosities wliieh existed in the past towards those whom we vanquislied on tlic field of battle ; for the true soldier who fought in blue can take by the hand him who fought in gray, and greet him as an American citizen, so long as he is true to the princi])les of freedom. It will be well for us to-day to remember that the war was not a sectional, but national, strife. It was to wipe out a national sin, deep and damning, which was ingrafted into our national institution by our fathers, and we, their chddren, were the fulfillment of the prophecy of old, that tlie sins of the fathers should be visited upon the children to the third and fourth generations. Every national sin demands its sacrifice, and the history of the world proves the truth of this. The first gun fired on Port Sumter was but the voice of God speak- ing to the American people, and warning them that His hand should be no longer withheld, but that the vengeance of heaven was al)Out to fall on the heads of a nation that had for a century winked at human bondage. The North had the trutii at heart, l)ut it was for the South to ])erpetuate the error which she iiad lieen educated to love, and give us an opportunity to destroy it and make freedom a fact to all men. The battle is over, but our duty is not yet done. We must make permanent the victory won on the field of battle, in the building up and strengthening of the principles of justice and human rights, but we must be careful and not overdo. We must act with charity and love toward those who do not appreciate the blessings of the free institutions which they enjoy. I cannot better express myself than in the language of the poet, — " Yet, while the need of Freedom's cause demands The earnest efforts of your hearts and hands, Urged by all motives that cau prompt the heart To prayer and toil and manhood's manliest part; Though to the soul's deep tocsin Nature joins The warning whisper of her Orphic pines, The north-wind's anger, and the south-wind's sigh. The midnight sword-dance of the northern sky, 24 LAYING THE CORNER-STONE. And, to the ear that bends above the sod Of the green grave-mounds in the Fields of God, In low, deep murmurs of rebuke or cheer, The land's dead fathers speak their hope or fear, — Yet let not Passion wrest from Reason's hand The guiding rein and symbol of command. Blame not the caution proffering to your zeal A well-meant drag upon its hurrying wheel ; Nor chide the man whose honest doubt extends To the means only, not the righteous ends: Nor fail to weigh the scruples and the fears Of milder natures and serener years. In the long strife with evil which began With the first lapse of new-created man. Wisely and well has Providence assigned To each his part, — some forward, some behind; And they, too, serve who temper and restrain The o'erwarm heart that sets on fire the brain. True to yourselves, feed Freedom's altar-flame With what you have ; let others do the same. Spare timid doubters ; set like flint your face Against the self -sold knaves of gain and place; Pity the weak; but with unsparing hand Cast out the traitors who infest the land, — From bar, press, pulpit, cast them everywhere, By dint of fasting, if you fail by prayer. And in their place bring men of antique mold. Like the grave fathers of your Age of Gold, — Statesmen like those who sought the primal fount Of righteous law, the Sermon on the Mount." Comrades, it is meet that you should lay this corner-stone, the foundation of a monument to perpetuate the memory of as brave a hand of men as ever defended a nation's lilicrties, because you enlisted with them and returned to enjoy the l)lessings which you and they conquered. Wiiile tliey did not return, we should remember our associations together, — romemlier that the love which bound our hearts cannot be l)roken, even Ijy death. This monument shall stand LAYING THE CORNER-STONE. 25 as a living witness that we hold in sacred remembrance the sacrifices which they made. Tliis monument is reared in honor of the dead. We who are living have a more enduring one to build, one tliat shall lift its head higher and higher in the principles that shall become more enduring in the hearts of oui- children. This can only be done by faithfulness to our manhood, holding on to every right God has granted to His children in their creation. As we go from this place made sacred by the ceremonies of the hour, may our hearts be filled with patriotism, remembering in love those who are with us to-day only in spirit. Spirits of departed soldieis, where your bodies rest to-day, wliether amid the granite hills of New Hampshire or beneath the skies of the sunny South, they rest in the soil of freedom. " Rest on, embalmed and sainted dead, Dear is the blood you gave ; No impious footsteps here shall tread The herbage of your grave. Nor shall your glory be forgot, While fame her record keeps, Or honor points the hallowed spot Where valor proudly sleeps. Yon marble minstrel's voiceful stone In deathless song shall tell. When many a vanquislied year lias flown. The story how you fell. No wreck, no change, nor winter's blight, Nor time's remorseless doom, Can dim one ray of holy light That gilds your glorious tomb." At the close of Mr. McKinney's address, the Post Commander ordered the corner-stone to be raised, which was done by Comrades Timothy W. Challis and Benjamin Stevens, assisted by workmen. A sealed box, twelve inches long, twelve inches wide, and si.x inciies 4 26 LAVING THE CORNER-STONE. high, was placed in a cavity prepared for it in the corner-stone, con- taining the following articles : — DEPOSITED BY THE CITY GOVERNMENT. City report for 1877. Revised ordinances for 1877. Mayor Kelly's inaugural address for 1877. Roster of the city government for 1877. Roster of the school board for 1877. A copy of the daily " Mirror and American " and of the weekly " Mirror and Farmer." A copy of the daily and weekly " Union." A copy of the " Manchester Weekly Times." A copy of the city directory for 1877. A list of the names, company, and regiment of 1,584 soldiers who went to the war of 1861-65, from the city of Manchester. DEPOSITED BY LOUIS BELL POST NO. 3, GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. One Grand Army badge. One memorial badge of this day. Rules and regulations of the Grand Army of the Republic. Constitution and by-laws of Louis Bell Post No. 3, Grand Army of the Republic, and burial services. Roster of the officers and committees of the Post. Roster of members of the Post. Roster of the department officers of the New Hampshire Grand Army of the Republic and of the Posts in this department. Two pieces of fractional currency. One United States postal card. One copper cent of the date 1800. One copper cent of the date 1812. One three-cent postage stamp. One six-cent postage stamp. One United States flag, such as is used for decoration purposes. Three medals of the war of 1861. A copy of the Holy Bible, by Comrade J. N. Bruce. DEPOSITED BY THE INDEPENDENT ORDER OF ODD FELLOWS. One copy of the constitution and by-laws of Hillsborough Lodge No. 2, con- taining a list of its members. LAY/NO THE COllNER-STONE. 27 A copy of the constitution and by-laws of Social Degree Lodge No. 1(1. A copy of the by-laws of the Odd Fellows' Relief Association. DEPOSITED BY THE FIRST NEW HAMPSHIRE BATTERY. History of the First. New Hampshire Battery during the war of the rebellion, togetlier with the by-laws of Platoon A, First New Hampshire Light Artillery, State Militia. DEPOSITED BY' THE GOVEKXOK STRAW RIFLES. Constitution and by-laws of the company and loster of the members. DEPOSITED ISY THE MANCHESTER CADETS. . Constitution and by-laws of the company and roster of the members. DEPOSITED BY THE HEAD GUARDS. Constitution, by-laws, and roster of the company. DEPOSITED BY THE MASSABESIC HOSE COMPANY. Constitution, by-laws, and roster of the company. A silver badge, such as worn by the members, and a silver medal. DEPOSITED BY HILLSBOROUGH LOD(;E, INDEPENDENT ORDER OF ODD FELLOWS. A list of thirty-one members who have been members of that lodge for ovej- twenty-five years, also a list of its charter members. Proceedings of the Right Worthy Grand Lodge of the United States. Proceedings of the Right Worthy Grand Lodge of New Hampshire. DEPOSITED BY CAPT.\IN S. S. PIPER. A copy of the militia laws of the State. The Post Couimauder tlieii issued tliis order: — Comrades, — You will spread tlic ccuieut to iiold tiiis conier-stone ill place until we shall have passed away, and are, perhaps, fcrgotten. But it is already cemented with tiie blood of our fallen comrades, and embalmed with the tears of their widows and orphan children. Com- rades, lower tlie corner-stone of this soldiers' inoiuunent in place ! Salute ! During the lowering of the stone the band played, and the battery fired a salute of twelve guns. 28 LAYING THE CORNER-STONE. At the close of the ceremony, a song, " All Honor to the Soldier Give," was rendered by a male quartette, consisting of E. Parker French, first tenor; Horace Tobey, second tenor; G. Elvin Merrill, first bass; Prank T. E. Richardson, second bass. " All lioiior to the soldier give, All honor to the soldier give, Thro\igh hardships he must often live. Yet he fights for his fatherland. To the sons of courage and honor, He extends the friendly hand ; To the sons of couiage and honor. He extends the friendly hand. Yes I all honor give, all honor give, All honor to the soldier give. All honor give, all honor give, All honor to the soldier give. Yes, honor to the soldier give. He hears from afar the trumpet sounding, The foe he beholds without a fear. And, while forth to the battle he's rushing. His loud hurrah! resounds through the air. Hurrah! Hurrah! .sounds thro'igh the air, Hurrah! Hurrah! sounds through the air. Hurrah! Hurrah! Hurrah! Hurrah!" The Rev. J. J. Hall then delivered tlie following ADDREyS IN HONOIl OF THE UNKNOWN DEAD. Mr. President, Citizens of Mancliesler, — Most reluctantly did 1, at the first, consider the kind invitation brought me, by the com- mittee of arrangements for the day, to address you upon this occasion : not that I little valued the day, nor from any want of sympathy towards that which pertains thereto ; for, sir, my whole being beats in harmony witli and is stirred to its inmost depths by this occasion, — the events which are recalled, the flags carried, tiie graves visited, — and here standing upon the very foundation of the LAYING THE CORNER-STONE. 29 monument to be erected in honor of those, who, in tlie darkest hour of this nation's history, went forth to save their country. But my reluctance was caused by the fnct tliat liy birth I cannot claim this land as my own, and that, during the time of your terrible war, 1 was three thousand miles away. Yet at lenirth these points yielded when I considered that to-day I enjoy, in common with you. the fruits of that great conflict. I breathe the air of a free country, where no slave is held in bondage, and where all, of whatever race or color, are equal before the law. And I share with you in the inestimable blessings of a Grand Union, — with no State lost, but all restored; one country, one people, one President, and the same old flag still waving from North to South and from East to West. Most willingly do I, therefore, bring my tribute in honor of those wlio by many a hardship purchased for me and for mankind tliis great heritage. And if, because of living in another country, or from youtiifulness of years, it was not my privilege to have marched beside those wlio endured so many privations for their country's good, and at last sacrificed their lives for their country's salvation, yet verily it is my privilege to raise my voice in honor of those noble men, and to incite witliin my hearers a sacred regard for their memory. If any further apology were needed, let me ott'er it by reminding you of the great number of foreign-born men who served in your ranks, fought beneath your flag, and helped to gain your victories. And these men, who were found in almost every department of your army, were not cowards in your midst: tliey stood side by side with your own brave boys, marching fearlessly forward with the grape and canister raining u[)on tlieni, or made many a gallant charge while the enemy's bayonet was waiting to receive them. One of the State historians, speaking of a regiment that went from this city, says: " The regiment was largely composed of foreigners, who leave a record highly creditable for patriotism, bravery, and good conduct. Those who survive are entitled to the gratitude of the State and nation ; and its dead, upon many hard-fought battle-fields, in rebel prisons, 30 /-I YING THE CORNER-ISTONIC. and in hospitals, to an lioiiorable record in tlie liistory of the great rebellion." My friends, I am to address yon in honor of the unknown dead, — those whose graves are not witli us. Not only do the bodies of such lie far from home, but the exact spot of their interment is unknown, so that kind friends cannot go witli their garland tributes and adorn the last resting-place of many a loved one. It seems to me peculiarly fitting that such should be especially remembered Ijy us. For, were we as a people to neglect the graves of those fallen heroes who lie in our cemeteries, tiiere are those who would not so forget them. Tliat mother who bade her boy good-bye when he left home and went with his regiment for the field of battle, — think you she would neglect tlie sacred spot, or cease to revere the memory of him who lies there ? TJiink you that that wife, wiio felt her heart was lireaking when the body of liim who was nearer and dearer to her than lier own life was borne silently to its last resting-place, will neglect to place the flowers on his grave ? Those children wlio arc fatherless, but who every now and again with t.earful eyes most intently gaze upon a portrait where one in soldier's uniform seems to rcjs])ond to their searching gaze, — they cannot hear his voice, but they know where his body lies. Tliink you, friend, that if thei'e were no Decoration Day the grave of tliat father would go unadorned ? Verily no ! The mother would be seen spending her last years near the graves of her hoys, and every now and again, with her tottering steps, silvery hair, aiul furrowed face, wending her way to those graves, to think of former days, when her home was not all broken, and her heart was not so sad. And tlie wife would be seen leading her child by one hand and in the otiier bearing a boiuiuet of the clioicest flowers, fit emblems of a life's beauty and frailty, to place at the head of his grave who was more than life to her. And so, if Memorial Day were obliterated from our customs, the graves of the known dead would, for many a long year to come, still be visited, cared for by the kindest hands, and l)e the most sacred LA riNd Tin-: coiiNi-nsTOiyE. 31 filaces on all tlie cartli tu niaiiy a loving lieart. But tlie graves of the unknown, — what niotlier visits them? What wife and children go to weep there y And even should the loved one go to the hattle-field, of what use could it be 'i Wlio shall point out the very place wliere he, whom slie gave to the country, lies in death's cold embrace ? Is he in this part of the field, or elsewhere? Where is the trench in which was laid his body? Ah me! 1 think I could hear the dis- appointed seeker saying, — " Could I plant the weeping-willow Where his ashes now repose ; Could I by his lonely pillow Plant the lily and the rose ; Sweet would be the task of sadness, Sweet would be the tears I shed, When I strewed, with joy and gladness, Flowers around my loved, now dead." But the grave is unknown. : and the finest promptings of the heart cannot be satisfied, and the natural longing of many a fond one must be denied. But shall we forget those whose graves are not with us, and, because we cannot have them share in the floral offering to tiie dead, be silent respecting them? Oh no! They claim the more regard ; and because their graves are unknown, let us remember them the more sacredly and give the rhoiccsl tribute to their memory. AVe should pay no small honor to the unknown dead, because by so doing we the more fully realize the greatness of the sacrifice made in the purchase of the results of tiic terrible conflict. While 1 have no sympathy with the perpetuation of a sectional spirit in the Union, and believe it to be unwise on the part of the individual and ruinous to any party that endeavors to engender bitterness of feeling toward a part of this one country, yet I think we cannot too frequently nor too positively state the principles which were on trial during that fierce war, or the blessings which flow to us therefrom; and, if we would continue to have a proper appreciation of tiie principles honored 32 LAYING THE CORNER-STONE. and the results procured, we need keej) vividly before us tlie greatness of the price which has been jiaid in lionor of those principles and which brought about the results. Wliile, on the other hand, let tliis or any people think lightly of the blessings it enjoys, and forget those who on sea or land, in the forum or on the battle-field, vindicated their country's honor, and we sliall soon see the days of tliat people numbered, its highest principles ruthlessly dishonored, and its glory a thing of the past. I am aware that it is impossible to estimate the cost for the sup- pression of the gi-eat rebellion. You may say it caused an outlay of ■18,000,000,000, — and thus make some calculation at its financial expense. You may tell me that five imndred thousand brave men gave their lives for the preservation of the Union ; but can you tell me the full value of those five hundred thousand men ? Separate them one by one ; do not think of them in the mass, but as indi- viduals ; many of them the sole support of aged parents, or of a wife and children, having the most sacred ties to bind them to the world and to make life joyful to them. Think of them as such, and then inform me of the full value of those fallen men. In thinking of the sacrifice made and the great price paid for the perpetuation of the Union and the cause of liberty, we shall find that no small part was borne by those who to-day lie in graves unknown. It has been esti- mated that at least one-fifth of all who fell on the field of battle ai-e now lying in unknown graves; or tiiat not less than one hundred thousand men are Uuis interred. Just think : one hundred thousand men in graves unknown. Their bodies lie l)eneath tiie Southern sod. While in Louisiana, in Georgia, in Maryland, in Tennessee, and in Virginia, many of these have found their last resting-jjlace. The rays of the sun fall upon these graves ; the green grass waves o'er the dead : i)ut no granite monument denotes whose remains are beneath, no marble tombstone gives tiic name of tiie fallen heroes vvlio lie covered there. Such are the graves of tiie unknown. Those wlio fill tliem fell on many a ijattle-field — at Antietam, at Chancellor.s- LAYING THE CORNER-STONE. 33 ville, Fredericksburg, Gettysburg, Petersburg, Port Hudson, Drury's Bluff, Bull Run, Fort Wagner, Cedar Creek, Cold Harbor, Spotsyl- vania, Winchester, and before Richmond. And in all of these which I have mentioned, besides many others. New Hampshire nobly bore her part and many of her best sons fell. At Antietam the New Hampshire Fifth went three hundred strong into the battle and lost fourteen officers and one hundred and ten men. At Gettysburg, just l)cfore entering into the light, the Second called its roll, and twenty-four officers and three hundred and thirty men answered to their names ; of tliis number nineteen were known to have been killed, one hundred and thirty-six wounded, thirty-eight missing, lying dead or wounded on the field, or prisoners in the hands of the enemy, making a total of one hundred and ninety-three out of three hundred and fifty-four, or about three-fifths of the number engaged. And at Drury's Bluff, so fiercely did the battle rage, that, in the short period of twenty minutes, no less than two hundred of New Hampshire's bravest and best fell dead or wounded. The record of one of your regiments is, that it marched more than six thousand miles, participated in more than twenty pitched battles, and lout in action upwards of one thousand men. A war correspondent writing of the battle at Cold Harbor said : " Troops never stood under a more hellish fire than was poured upon the Tenth New Hampshire on this day. Half of the trees were cut down by shells, and falling upon the dead and wounded mangled their Ijodies in a horrid manner; the bark was peeled from tlie trees by bullets ; and saplings, a few inches in diameter, by actual count bore the marks of from fifty to one hundred bullets each. The bodies of the dead were used for breastworks, and whole platoons were swept away by the awful fire of grape and canister. Imagination stands appalled in the endeavor to paint the horrors of that day." Friends, I hardly need remind you tliat tliose from this State who fell on the battle-field were brave men ; and to-day we honor* them for the valor they exhibited and the courage which nerved them midst 5 34 LAYfNG THE CORNERSTONE. the din of battle and the carnage of war. The picture of Col. Cross at Antietam is the picture of a bravery not often equaled and never surpassed. Though struck in the head Ijy a piece of a shell early in the day, yet with his head bound around with a handkerchief, and face crimsoned and eyes dimmed with blood, he led his men until the darkness of night closed the conflict. And on the field of Gettysburg he showed the world how the sons of New Hampshire can hold the foe back, until he received his death wound and fell, never again to lead his men to victory. Tiie scene at Fort Fisher is akin to tiie one just presented ; and though, in one of those terrible charges. Col. Bell, who had so gallantly led his men forward, received a fatal shot, yet his eyes did not close in death without seeing the colors of his own regiment waving o'er the first mound of the fort. Take one more instance. It is said that " Major Sturtevant entered upon the battle of Fredericks- burg with sad presentiments, and yet with cheerful alacrity." The result justified his mournful expectations. The manner of his death, the place of his burial, — these are unknown. We only know that he was seen on that fatal field at dark severely wounded by a minie-ball; that he was buried where he would have chosen to be interred, on the field whei-e he fell, among the nameless heroes whose cause he had made his own ; he yielded his spirit amidst the clangor of arms and the wail of the dying. You may have read of a certain company, in a once famous army, whom a brave officer had so often conducted to victory, and who would not part with its dead hero's name. But, day by day, at the head of the regimental roll it was called aloud, and always in response to that name a brave soldier stepped from the ranks to reply, " Dead on the field of honor ! " " Dead on the field of liouor ! " " This, too," it has well been said, "is the record of thousands of unnamed men, whose influence upon other generations is associated with no personal distinction, but whose sacrifices will lend undying luster to the nation's archives and richer capacity to the nation's life." Many of these men came from homes LA YING THE CORNER-STONE. 35 of toil and obscurity, from wliicli the right iiand of support has been taken or the youthful prop removed, — ])oor and obscure, — but these, the unknown fallen, have names and riches of solemn, tender memory. And for all, what higher honor can possibly be given than to say of them, " They fell in the great war for Union and Freedom! " Sleep, heroes, sleep I Your comrades missed you when you fell ; your country could hardly spare you, but needed you to fight other battles or for labor in times of peace ; your homes have been desolated, and hearts bereaved for you: but your sacrifice was great; you cemented the Union with your own blood, and fell martyrs to its cause ! But, friends, not all who died for their country and helped to fill the unknown graves fell on the field of battle ; for many yielded up life through foul disease, caused by the hardships of a soldier's career or the severity of a Southern climate, while many died in the marshes, some in the woods, otiiers on the march. Yellow fever took away the men incessantly ; at one time, in one army alone, no less than thirty thousand were on the sick-list. But far worse than dying in the woods, or in the marshes, was the fate of those who closed this life in the Southern prisons. Many who so died are to-day in unknown graves. In looking over the statistics of the different regiments which went from this State, my eye fell on this sentence : " Many of this regi- ment languished and died of starvation in Southern prisons." I suppose the imagination can hardly comprehend all the cruelties inflicted, and the sufferings endured, in those vast slaughter-houses for the Union soldiers. Well may it have been inscribed over Salis- bury, Libby, and Andersonville prisons : " Abandon all hope who enter here." The facts are so appalling that one sickens in hearing them related: how that at Salisbury alone, within the brief time of five months, there were more than five thousand noble men, upwards of one-half the number taken there, who were buried outside the garrison ; and what a burial ! when daily the dead-cart drove up, and was filled with rigid forms that were piled upon each other like 36 LAYING THE CORNER-STONE. logs; and then this precious freight of fathers, husbands, sons, and true patriots thrown in a mass in the trenches and covered witli a little earth ! Many of these were heard from, for the last time, under the sad heading, " Missing." " Not among the suifering ■wouuded, Not among the peaceful dead, Not among the prisoners, — ' Missing,' That was all the message said." And so they died, true to themselves, true to God, and true to their country. Friends, let us not thinlv of those to-day only as the unknown dead, or as those wiio are lying in unknown graves. Recall their patriot- ism, which all along shone so brightly, until death added to its luster. They responded promptly to their country's call : tlicy willingly liade good-bye to home and loved ones, and entered manfully upon the hardships of the soldier's life; they fought bravely on many a field whicii was plowed with shot, watered with blood, and sown thick with the dead, wliile from their graves there grows the l)etter harvest of tiie nation and of times to come. And yet it must have been sad indeed for many of them to iiave died, — away from home, and often in the darkness of night, and in tiie liearing of the fearful wails of anguish coming from many anotlier sufferer. At times, tiiey did not have so much as the falling music of a gracious word to cliccr them in tiieir last moments. But tiie deepest sadness was caused, not by the cruel bullet wliich had found its lodgment in their flesh, nor by the deatii-thirst which came upon tliem. Many a brave man keenly felt disappointment because liis career was so soon to eiul. He liad hoped to liave lived to see the close of the terrible conflict, and to share in tlie shout of victory; but now, no more can lie serve liis country or ciieer his comrades forward. There were otliers, wlio, in their last moments, forgot all physical pain wiiilc a vision of home came to tliom, and tliey tiiought, — LAYING THE CORNER-STONE. 37 " My dear wife waits my coming ; My children lisp my name ; And kind friends bid me welcome To my own home again. My father's gi'ave lies on the hill ; My boys sleep in the vale ; I love each rock and murmuring rill, Each mountain, hill, and dale." But that home, with all its sacred treasures, was never again to lie seen by them. Oh that they could have died with their loved ones around them! At Shiloh, a soldier, rigid in death, was found lying upon his hack, holding in his fixed hgrnd, and regarding with an eager look, the daguerreotype of a woman and child. The incident speaks of a love strong in death, and is altogether pathetic. Well did a noble young man, dying on the field, ex])ress the burden of many a comrade around him, when, with tears flowing down a face which never turned from the foe, he exclaimed, " Who will care for mother now ? " But, friends, it was not all sadness which possessed those brave men ere they breathed their last. They were not left without a ray of comfort to cheer them ere their spirits passed away. Whether they spent their last hours in cruel prisons, or on bloody Ijattle-fields, hearing all around them the groans of the wounded and the dying, in the trench or in the dismal swamp, in the clear light of day or in the darkness of the midnight hour, I say they did not die without some ray of comfort to cheer and sustain them in their last hours. They must have been sustained by the consciousness that the cause in which they had fought, and for which they were now about to lay down their lives, was a noble cause, right in the sight of God, just to the best welfare of the American people, and true to the highest laws of humanity. They had not raised the sword nor shouldered the musket for the purpose of conquest, nor for the gain of power ; neither did they march forth to bind the fetters the more closely to the slave, nor to undermine and work the ruin of the grandest republic upon 38 LAYING THE CORNER-STONE. wliich the sun ever shone. They marched, they fought, they died, not to raise another flag, but to defend the one of their fathers. And as time passes, the world sees more clearly the justice and the grandeur of the cause for wliich they, who to-day are in unknown graves, gave tlieir lives ; and who, in their last moments, could well liave used the language of him who said, "I have fought a good fight." I think tiiey were also cheered, yea, made glad, in the agonies of death, by a strong, clear Itope which they had in tlie ultimate success of the cause which they had espoused. Tiiey died in the hope tliat victory would yet perch itself upon their banner, and thougli they could not live to join in the acclamations of triumph, yet those for whom they fought certainly would. In their dying hours they saw beyond the dark night which enveloped them, and got glimpses of the break of that day when tlie din of war would cease, and those wlio had fought and been spared would return to their own firesides with a battle well fought and a victory well won. And, as the bow in the heavens spans across the darkened clouds, so this hope bridged over the darkness, the sorrow, the bloodshed, the agony, and strife of that terrible conflict, and, to the dying heroes, it reached to tlie time wlien the sun would arise upon a ransomed country once again, yea, more firmly than ever before, one; in purpose and endeavor, onr. This bright hope must have afforded more than satisfaction, even joy, to those who to-day are in unknown graves, ere they died. Tiiey felt, yea, they knew, they had been engaged in, and were giving their lives for, no fruitless end, and that no historian should ever arise and write it " A Lost Cause'"; and as their ken took in the coming ages, they did not see a country deluged with blood. State after State gone, and only the fragments of a once noble Union left : but they beheld a restored country, with the old flag still waving; with not a stri|e less, nor a star missing from its folds ! LAYING THE CORNER-STONE. 39 At the close of the oration prayer was offered by the chai)lain, Rev. C. W. Wallace, followed l)y the singing of " America" by the audi- ence, accompanied Ijy the band. The post ceremonies were then closed by the officers' giving the objects of the order, the post commander announcing as follows : — Comrades, — The ceremonies are completed. Chief marshal, you will announce to the honoralile mayor, officers of the city govern- ment, and citizens of Manchester, that the corner-stone of the soldiers' monument is laid with appropriate ceremonies. You will re-form the procession to escort them to their headquarters. The chief marsJial announced as follows : — I am directed by Louis Bell Post No. 3, Grand Army of the Repub- lic, to announce to his honor the mayor and the city government of Manchester, that they have laid the corner-stone of the soldiers' mon- ument with appropriate ceremonies, and tliey are now ready to escort you to your headcpiarters. I am directed to make public jiroclamation to the citizens of Man- chester that Louis Bell Post No. 3, (irand Army of the Republic, have performed the duties assigned to them, and, in accordance with the requirements of the order, they have laid the corner-stone upon which you are to erect a lasting memorial in grateful remembrance of those who gave their lives that you might live in the enjoyment of free insti- tutions. I am authorized by the Grand Army of the Re])ublic and the city government of Manchester to extend their sincere thanks to the vari- ous organizations who have kindly assisted in the ceremonies of this occasion. The marshals will re-form their several divisions to com- plete the public ceremonies of the day. AREANGEMENTS EOE THE DEDICATION. ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE DEDICATION. In May, 1878, a coiiunittce, consisting of Jolin L. Kelly, mayor ; Jolin M. Stanton, Thomas L. Thorpe, aldermen ; Timotliy W. Challis, president of the common conneil; Carl C. Shepard, George W. Riddle', David M. Goodwin, councilmcn ; Col. Jolui B. Clarke, Capt. George A. Hanscom, John M. Chandler, Esq., Hon. Ira Cross, Capt. S. S. Piper, citizens, — was appointed to arrange for the dedication ceremonies; but, before their arrangements were perfected, they were informed by the contractors that the monument could not be finished at the time specified. Tliey were obliged, therefore,^ to defer all further proceed- ings, and await the completion of the work. A similar committee of city officials and citizens was appointed the following year, consisting of John L. Kelly, mayor; John M. Stanton, Thomas L. Thorpe, aldermen ; Jolin W. Whittle, president of the common council ; Carl C. Shepard, Charles W. Eager, Charles H. Hodgman, conncilmeu ; Col. John B. Clarke, Capt. George A. Hans- com, John M. Cliandler, Esq., Hon. Ira Cross, Capt. S. S. Piper, citi- zens, — who were instructed to make all the necessary arrangements. At a meeting held July 3, the eleventh day of September was fixed upon as the day on which to dedicate the monument. The committee invited the Hon. Daniel Clark to preside, the Hon. J. W. Patterson to deliver the oration, the Rev. E. G. Selden to act as chaplain, Mr. B. F. Dame to read an original poem written by Mrs. Dame, the Grand Army of the Republic, Department of New Hamp- shire, to unveil the monument, the Grand Lodge of Free and Accepted 44 ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE DEDICATION. Masons of New Hampshire to perform the dedicatory services customary to their order, and Maj. Henry H. Hiise to act as chief mai-shal. These invitations were severally accepted. Sub-committees were appointed to confer witli the governor, Grand Army of the Republic, veteran soldiers, the New Hampsliire National Guard, civic societies. Die public schools, and the Fire Department, in respect to the time, order, and character of the exercises. There were also appointed sub-committees on finance, refreshments, and transporta- tion ; on music; on printing; on speakers, invitations, and dedicatory exercises; on decorations, illuminations, and fireworks; and a large reception committee, consisting of the ex-governors, cx-mayors, judges of the courts, and other prominent citizens. It is worthy of remark that these committees, though crowded with such a variety of duties, and constantly brought together for consulta- tion and the performance of their multitudinous labors, worked in entire harmony throughout tlie whole affair, and with an eye single to the success of an occasion in which the honor of the city was involved. The chief marshal, in assuming command, issued the following general orders: — Chief Marshal's Headquarters, Aug. 26, 1879. General Order No. 1. The chief luavshal, appointed by the committee liaving in charge the dedicatory exercises of the soldiers' monument, hereby assumes the duties of his otfice and announces appointments upon his staff as follows ; — Maj. William R. Patten, chief of staff. Capt. S. S. Piper, adjutant-general. Col. E. C. Shirley, assistant adjutant-general. Maj. A. G. Fairbanks, quartermaster. Daniel R. Prescott, assistant quartermaster. Maj. James G. Sturgis, surgeon. Col. George W. Riddle, signal officer. The appointments of marshals and aids will be announced in subsequent orders. Headquarters will be established Sept. 11, on Railroad square, between Depot and Central streets, where all organizations and guests from abroad will report immediately upon arrival at the depot. ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE DEDICATION. 45 All non-resident organizations and persons who participate in tlie parade must report at marshal's headquarters before half-past ten o'clock in the forenoon, unless special arrangements are made otherwise. Lines will be formed by divisions, in the square, north of marshal's headquarters, right resting on Franklin street, at half-past ten o'clock precisely. Visiting organi- zations will be escorted to the Fair Grounds, where dinner will be served to them at eleven o'clock, under the direction of chief quartermaster. Masonic bodies will be escorted to Masonic Temple. All organizations participating in the parade must he in readiness to take up the line of march at half-past twelve o'clock, at which time, precisely, the procession will move. Dedicatory exercises at the monument will commence at two o'clock in the afternoon. Further details will be announced in subsequent orders. The chief marshal desires to impress upon all organizations and persons con- nected with the dedication, that the success of the occasion depends upon absolute promptness in the discharge of every duty, and he suggests the propriety of perfecting all arrangements at as early a day as possible, and reporting to these headquarters. No delays will be made in the movements of the procession for the accommodation of individual organizations. All inquiries and comnmnications by mail, or otherwise, should be addressed to Chief-of-Staff William R. Patten, and will receive immediate attention. HENRY H. HUSE, Chief Marshal. (Official) " . \Vm. R. Patten, Chief of Staff. Chief Marshal's Headquarters, Sept. 1, 1879. General Order No. 2. Col. Dana W. King, Eighth New Hampshire Volunteers, is charged with the organization and command of the division of veteran soldiers in the dedicatory ceremonies of Sept. 11. All appointments, communications, and general orders, bearing his signature, will be official, and will be respected and obeyed accordingly. War veterans in all parts of the State are urgently invited to co-operate with Col. King in securing the grandest parade since the close of the war. HENRY H. HUSE, Chief Marshal. (Official) Wm. R. Patten, Chief of Staff. Pursuant to the above, the undersigned hereby assumes command of the veteran division that will parade at the dedication of the Manchester soldiers' monument. 46 _ ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE DEDICATION. The division will rendezvous on Railroad square, Manchester, on Thursday, Sept. 11, at nine o'clock in the morning, or on arrival of morning trains. As far as practicable the old regimental organizations will be preserved, but battalions and companies may be formed for the occasion by veterans of any town or city. Staff officers will be announced hy subsequent orders. Battalion and company officers will be selected by the various commands. To secure uniformity, daik clothes, dark slouch hat, and white gloves should be worn, with army corps and regimental badges on left breast. A special badge for the occasion will be given each veteran in line. Reduced rates of fare having been made over the railroads, and the city of Manchester having provided dinner for all veterans who may join the parade, it is hoped every veteran soldier will feel it a pleasure and a duty to participate on tliis occasion. The division commander, with staff, will be on the grounds designated for rendezvous early on the morning of the 11th, to whom all battalions, companies, or veterans, unassigned, will report. An " N. H." guidon and State colors will designate headquarters of divisions. DANA W. KING, Commanding Veteran Division. Col. George Bowers issued the following general order: — HEADQDAnTERS DEPARTMENT NeW HaMPSHIRK, G. A. R., Nashua, August 18, 1879. General Order No. 7. I. Having, in behalf of the Grand Army Reiiublic, Department New Hamp- shire, accepted an invitation extended by the citizens of Manchester, to be present and participate in the ceremonies attending the dedication of the soldiers' monu- ment, as announced in General Order No. 5, July 17 : The commander hereby orders, that the several posts of this dejjartment assemble for that purpose, at Manchester, on the morning of Thursday, Sept. 11. II. Inasmuch as one entire division of Grand Army men and veterans will constitute an important feature of the parade, every post should endeavor to be present with full ranks. Each post wiU constitute a command in itself — all form- ing an escort for department and national officers of the Grand Army — and will be assigned position in line by a staff officer to be hereafter designated. III. Posts should be uniformed in dark clothes, Grand Army hat or cap, with cord and metal wreath, white belts, regulation badge, white gloves. Posts that have not yet provided themselves with uniforms, will not, on that ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE DEDICATION. 47 account, be debarred from the line ; for all such, dark clothes, dark slouch hats, white gloves, are all that will be required. IV. The details of post formation and drill are delegated to post commanders; either Casey's or Upton's Tactics may be used, also such music as desired, either bands or drum corps. V. Arrangements for reduced railroad fares liaving been made, each post com- mander should notify the raiboad agents at their respective stations of the proba- ble number of tickets required, as early as Sept. 6. VI. All comrades of the Grand Array who may be present at Manchester on that day are most cordially invited to join in the exercises and parade, and for all whose posts may not be represented in line a battalion will be formed. VII. Past department commanders, and staif officers — whose presence is not required with their posts ■ — are requested to report in person to the commander, at the chief marshal's tent, thirty minutes prior to formation of line, unifonned with dark coat and trousers, white vest, black military hat, with cord and embroidered wreath, badge of official rank, and white gloves, no belt or sash. Post commanders will report in person for orders, immediately upon arrival at Manchester, to the assistant adjutant-general at the chief marshal's tent; they will also forward to these headquarters, prior to Sept. 9, the probable number of disa- bled, infirm, and aged comrades that will be unable to march, for whom barges or carriages will be provided. VIII. Further details as to formation of line, order of march, etc., etc., will be promulgated if necessary, after receipt of general orders from headquarters chief marshal, Maj. H. H. Huse. IX. That portion of the dedication ceremonies assigned to the Grand Army being exceedingly impressive and appropriate, the commander relies upon the hearty co-operation of all true and earnest comrades to render the occasion the most interesting and imposing pageant the order in the State has ever partici- pated in. Comrades, proud veterans of New Hampshire, — the generous city of Man- chester confers great honor upon you and your fallen comrades, in thus bequeath- ing to posterity this grand memorial to your gallantry and sacrifices. Let us, then, once again, " close up the column, " and, true to our watchword, " FRATEnNixY, CHAniTY, Loyalty," evince that the patriot's pride and the patriot's love still inspire us to duty. GEORGE BOVVERS, Commander. By order. W. H. D. Cochrane, Assistant Adjutant-General. THE PROCESSION THE PROCESSION. The vast multitudes that crowded the streets of tlie city on the morning of the 11th of September testified to the general interest which the public had in the notable event. Extra trains over the various railroads brought to the city over thirty thousand people. The highways in all directions were thronged with every description cf a vehicle, and countless numbers of pedestrians helped to swell the ever-increasing tide that flowed to the city. As this was likely to be the last occasion when a fitting public demonstration could be made to honor the noble men who had gone forth to fight their country's battles, the whole body of the people seemed determined that the tribute should be worthy of the occasion, and with a common im- pulse our citizens vied with each other, in decorating public buildings and private residences with flags, banners, and other a|)propriate and beautiful devices. Business was generally suspended throughout the city, and the eager and exultant throng hailed with voices of proud acclaim the veterans as they passed, and pressed with patriotic joy into the streets along which the procession moved to the place of dedication. As the more prominent guests arrived in the city, they were conveyed to the City Hall in charge of Mr. Walter S. Holt, chief usher, and his assistants, where they were formally received by Ex-Gov. P. C. Cheney and other members of the citizens' committee and the mem- bers of the city government. Lunch was furnished in the upper hall by Dooling of Boston. 52 THE PROCESSION. The military, Grand Army of the Republic, and veteran organiza- tions were escorted to the Fair Grounds by the First Regiment New- Hampshire National Guard, and furnished a substantial collation by Quartermaster A. G. Fairbanks. The Masons, Odd Fellows, Knights of Pythias, and Grangers were received and taken in charge by the i-esident lodges of their respective fraternities. Nothing occurred during the celebration to interfere with the exe- cution of the orders of the day except a light shower which com- menced just after the column was formed and lasted less than ten minutes. At tlie time assigned, half-past twelve o'clock, p. m., the procession moved in the following order, passing through Elm, Myrtle, Beech, Lowell, Pine, Concord, Beech, Hanover, Elm, and Central streets, to the monument : — Platoon of Police, in charge of Capt. David Perkins. American Band of Providence, D. W. Reeves, leader ; twenty-five pieces. Sturtevant Post No. 2, G. A. R., Concord, eighty-five men. — J. T. Batchelder, commander. Henry H. Huse, chief marshal. William R. Patten, chief of staff. S.'S. Piper, adjutantrgeneral. E. C. Shirley, assistant adjutant-general. A. G. Fairbanks, chief quartermaster. Daniel R. Prescott, assistant quartermaster. J. G. Sturgis, surgeon. George W. Riddle, signal officer. MARSHALS. George W. Nichols, Henry B. Fairbanks, Andrew C. Wallace, George O. Fabens, Darwin A. Simons, Maurice A. Holton, Henry C. Merrill, Rufus W. Berry, Thomas Connolly, Daniel F. Healy, A. W. Quint, Stephen C. Amsden, THE PROCESSION. 53 Edson G. Stark, Charles J. Darrah, Isaac L. Heath, Felix M. Boire, John A. Wiley, David Wadsworth, U. A. Carswell, L. Melville French, F. W. McKinley. MILITARY DEPARTMENT. Capt. S. S. Piper in charge. FIRST SUB-DIVISION. Batchelder and Stokes's Drum Corps. Manchester Cadets, forty men. — Capt. F. H. Challis, commanding. His Excellency Gov. Natt Head, commander-in-chief. Maj.-Gen. Augustus D. Ayling, adjutant-general. Brig.-Gen. John W. Sturtevant, inspector-general. Brig.-Gen. Charles H. Burns, judge-advocatR-general. Brig.-Gen. Jacob H. Gallinger, surgeon-general. Brig.-Gien. George T. Cruft, quartermaster-general. Brig.-Gen. Benjamin F. Rackley, commissary-general. Col. David L. Jewell, aid-de-camp. Col. Charles E. Baloh, aid-de-camp. Col. Winthrop N. Dow, aid-de-camp. Col. Frank C. Churchill, aid-de-camp. First Regiment Band, Horace D. Gordon, leader; twenty-five pieces. First Regiment Drum Corps, twelve men. First Regiment New Hampshire National Guai-d, Col. John J. Dillon, commanding ; William H. H. Greenwood, lieutenant-colonel ; George M. L. Lane, major; Samuel Cooper, adjutant; Benjamin L. Hartshorn, quartermaster; Levi L. Aldrich, pay- master ; Henry E. Newell, surgeon ; John B. Hall, assistant surgeon ; Henry Powers, chaplain. Strafford Guards (Company A), Dover, forty men. — Josephs. Abbott, captain; George H. Demerritt, first lieutenant ; Frederick Emmot, second lieutenant. Sheridan Guards (Company B), Manchester, fifty-three men. — Patrick A. Devine, captain; John Cavanaugh, first lieutenant; Alexander Campbell, second lieu- tenant. Portsmouth Guards (Company C), Portsmouth, fifty men. — James E. Ford, cap- tain ; John S. Mills, first lieutenant ; John Connors, second lieutenant. Portsmouth Heavy Ai-tillery (Company D), Portsmouth, forty-six men. — Shirley 54 THE PROCESSION. B. Cunningham, captain ; Appleton Tredick, first lieutenant ; Edward F. Swasey, second lieutenant. Governor Straw Rifles (Company E), Manchester, fifty-one men. — John Y. Cres- sey, captain ; Isaac L. Sawyer, first lieutenant ; William A. Glines, second lieu- tenant. Lane Rifles (Company F), Candia, fifty-three men. — Henry T. Eaton, captain; Jesse C. Crowell, first lieutenant ; Thomas "R. Simpson, second lieutenant. Newmarket Guards (Company G), Newmarket, fifty men. — John J. Hanson, cap- tain ; Alauson C. Haines, first lieutenant ; Andrew Randall, second lieutenant. Great Falls Light Infantry (Company H), Great Falls, forty-eight men. — William Hacking, captain; Eugene Webber, first lieutenant; John Raynard, second lieu- tenant. Manchester Veterans (Company I), Manchester, forty-three men. — George H. Dodge, captain ; David A. Page, first lieutenant ; Heni-y H. Everett, second lieu- tenant. Head Guards (Company K), Manchester, fifty-three men. — Charles H. Reed, cap- tain ; Charles W. Barker, Jr., first lieutenant ; John G. Lovejoy, second lieu- tenant. Escorting guests of the regiment. Ransom Guards Band, Henry W. Hatch, leader ; twenty-eight pieces. Ransom Guards of St. Albans, Vt., forty-five men. — F. S. Stranahan, captain; S. H. Wood, first lieutenant ; W. H. Farrar, second lieutenant. Col. T. S. Peck, commanding Vermont militia, and staff. Brig.-Gen. J. M. Clough. Lieut. -Col. D. S. Corser, assistant adjutant-general; Maj. William U. Patten, judge-advocate; Maj. James G. Sturgis, medical director; Maj. David Urch, assistant inspector-general ; Capt. George W. Nichols, brigade quartermaster ; Capt. John S. Kowell, brigade commissary ; Capt. E. G. Stark, Lieut. Fred P. Wilson, aids-de-camp. (Second Regiment New Hampshire National Guard, not represented.) Third Regiment New Hampshire National Guard, Col. Joab N. Patterson, com- manding. Lieut.-Col. True Sanborn, Jr., commanding battalion. Merrimack Guards (Company B), Capt. George H. Haines. State Capital Guards (Company C), Capt. George W. Felt. Pillsbury Light Guards (Company E), Capt. William H. Happny. Section A, First New Hampshire Battery, Lieut. A. M. Caswell and Sergeant George E. Glines ; thirty-five men, with two gun-carriages, fully equipped and rigged. THE PROCESSION. 55 The first sub-division acting as escort to the second and third sub- divisions of this department, composed as follows : — SECOND SUB-DIVISION. Grand Army of the Republic, escorting Department Commander and staff, as follows : — Marshals, Capt. D. Wadsworth, Lieut. S. R. Wallace. Nashua Cornet Band, twenty-six pieces. — N. W. Marshall, leader. Post No. 7, Nashua, ninety men, in battalion of three companies. — W. H. D. Cochrane, commander ; T. B. Crowley, adjutant. Post No. 42, Lowell, guests of Post No. 7, forty men. — C. E. Stott, commander. Concord Drum Corps. Loyal delegation from Post No. 3, Manchester, and detachments from other Posts. — Past Dept. Commander T. W. Challis, commanding. Post No. 8, Great Falls, twenty-five men. — C. L. Chapman, commander. Post No. 10, Newport, twenty-five men. — G. H. Waldron, commander. Milford Cornet Band, twenty-two pieces. — A. E. Nichols, leader. Post No. 11, Milford, thirty men. — F. P. Hood, commander. Post No. 27, New Ipswich, with delegation from Post No. 19, Fitchburg, forty men. — M. P. Donley, commander. Post No. 29, Pittsfield, thirty men. — John Waldo, commander. Post No. 31, l^isherville, forty-two men. — G. W. Corey, commander. Drum Corps. Post No. 33, Hampstead, thirty-two men. — A. H. Davis, commander. Post No. 34, Kingston, thirty men. — D. B. Currier, commander. Haverhill Band, twenty-four pieces. — S. D. Perkins, leader. Post No. 47, ITaverhill, Mass., guests of Posts Nos. 33 and 34, sixty-six men. — C. Kaler, commander. Ashland Drum Corps. Post No. 35, Ashland, thirty-eight men. — F. M. Flanders, commander. Post No. 36, Lake Village, thirty men. — M. A. Haynes, commander. Post No. 39, Suncook, thirty-four men. — R. H. Paine, commander. Post No. 41, Londonderry, thirty-two men. — O. B. Stokes, commander. Gilford Cornet Band, twenty pieces. — Joseph L. Smith, leader. Post No. 42, Plymouth, fifty-eight men. — O. H. P. Craig, commander. Post No. 43, Amherst, twenty-eight men. — J. B. Fay, commander. Post No. 44, West Concord, twenty-five men. — W. W. Holden, commander. Post No. 4.5, East Derry, twenty-four men. — A. A. Pressey, commander. 56 THE PROCESSION. Post No. 46, Weare, thirty meu. — A. H. Sawyer, commander. Belknap Cornet Band, twenty-five pieces. — Perley Putnam, leader. Post No. 37, Laconia, seventy-five men. — S. M. 8. Moulton, commander. Carriage containing Col. George Bowers, department commander ; Col. T. J. Whip- ple, judge-advocate; Dr. G. P. Greeley, chief of staff; Maj. A. B. Thompson, senior council. Carriage containing Col. D. M. White, junior vice-commander; Dr. D. B. Nelson, medical director; Rev. Paul S. Adams, chaplain; Rev. S. S. N. Greeley, aid-de- camp. Carriage containing Maj. R. P. Staniels, inspector-general; Maj. R. O. Greeuleaf, quartermaster-general; Col. J. E. Larkiu, past commander; Capt. A. S. Eaton, past commander. Barge containing members of the councU, aids-de-camp, and past commanders. Barges and wagon with disabled comrades. THIRD SUB-DIVISION. Lisbon Drum Corps, H. O. Cram, leader; twenty-one pieces. War Veterans, three hundred men. — Col. Dana W. King, Nashua, commanding; Edwin P. Richardson, Manchester, late of the United States navy, chief of staff; Col. T. A. Barker, Westmoreland, late of the Fourteenth New Hampshire Vol- unteers, adjutant-general ; Capt. A. J. Haugh, Lowell, Col. Thomas E. Barker, Boston, Capt. Otis C. Wyatt, Tilton, Col. Charles H. Long, Claremont, Lieut. Fred P. Cram, Exeter, Capt. T. P. Flynn, Lebanon, Maj. Jesse T. Angell, Flor- ence, Mass., aids-de-camp. Manchester Battalion of Veterau.s, escorting Lowell Battalion of Veterans, Nashua Battalion of Veterans, Veteran organiza- tions and Veterans from all parts of the State. Barges containing disabled and infirm veteran soldiers. CENTER DIVISION. Maj. J. G. Sturgis in charge. FIKST SUn-DlVISION. Ilildretli's Cornet Band, Suncook, C. B. HUdreth, leader, T. G. Fookes, director; twenty-three pieces. Manchester Fire Department, as follows : — Thomas W. Lane, chief engineer ; Benjamin C. Kendall, Grin E. Kimball, assistant engineers. THE PROCESSION. 57 Amoskeag Steatn Fire Engine Company Xo. 1, fourteen men. — Capt. George R. Simmons, foreman ; A. D. Scovill, assistant foreman ; Will A. Butterfield, clerk. E. W. Harrington Hose Company No. 3, with reserve engine E. W. Harrington No. 3, twelve men. — Ruel Manning, assistant foreman ; Joseph Schofield, clerk. N. S. Bean Steam Fire Engine Company No. 4, fourteen men. — Capt. Eugene S. Whitney, foreman ; Charles E. Hani, assistant foreman ; Edgar G. Abbott, clerk. Reserve engine, Fire King No. 2. — H. S. Reed, driver. Pennacook Hose Company No. 1, twenty men. — Capt. Albert Maxfield, foreman ; Clarence D. Palmer, assistant foreman ; Joseph E. Merrill, clerk. Massabesic Hose Company No. 2, twelve men. — Capt. Henry W. Fisher, foreman ; J. F. Seaward, assistant foreman ; Henry G. Seaman, clerk. Excelsior Hook and Ladder Company No. 1, twenty-five men. — Capt. John N. Chase, foreman ; A.L. N. Robertson, assistant foreman; George E. Glines, clerk. Supply wagon. — Dennis Sullivan, driver. SECOND SUB-DIVISION. Public Schools of Manchester. Barge containing young ladies representing States and Territories. Team fur- nished and driven by John C. Ray, superintendent of State Reform School. Mamie Ray, Lizzie Moore, Mattie Newhall, Cora Gilman, AUie Johnson, Ruthie Johnson, Lizzie Burns, Fannie Burns, Ella Burns, Ida Brigham, Carrie Brigham, Sena Merrill, Mary Lizzie Gage, Nettie Knight, Nettie Ainsworth, Ida Platts, Hattie Johnson, Minnie Mills, Iry Batchelder, Nellie Boynton, Gerty Horton, Annie Currier, Mattie Bean, Annie Prescott, Henrietta Walker, Martha Brig- ham, Carrie Gage, Jennie Snow, Ella Hope, Carrie Gonzales, Gertrude Fogg, Clara Bradley, Louisa Hill, Sadie Savory, Maud Baker, Ella Ferguson, Nellie Eager, Carrie Lee, Hortense Sutcliffe, Josie Dearborn, Hattie Stearns, Lelia Brooks, Mary True, Addie Moore, Nellie James, Freddie Briggs, Jennie Lull, Mamie Ferguson, Florence Bartlett, Emma Chadwick, Lula Hill, Annie Davis, Mamie Clark. THIED SUB-DIVISION. City government and invited guests, as follows : — Barouche containing his Honor John L. Kelly, mayor ; Hon. Daniel Clark, presi- dent of the day; Hon. J. W. Patterson, orator; Rev. E. G. Selden, chaplain. Carriage containing George Keller, architect; M. J. Power, artist ; Messrs. Freder- ick and Field, contractors. 58 THE PROCESSION. Barge containing James A. Weston, Joseph IJ. Clark, Patrick Fahey, L. B. Bod- well, John W. Dickey, T. W. Challis, W. G. Hoyt, building committee; John M. Stanton, Thomas L. Thorpe, J. W. Whittle, Carl C. Shepard, C. W. Eager, C. H. Hodgman, John B. Clarke, George A. Hanscom, J. M. Chandler, Ira Cross, S. S. Piper, committee on dedication; B. F. Dame. Barge containing city government of Manchester. Barouche containing Hon. Horace A. Brown, mayor of Concord; Hon. Charles Holraan, mayor of Nashua; Hon. William H. Sise, mayor of Portsmouth; and Hon. Richard Stewart, mayor of Keeue. Barge containing the city government of Keene. Barge containing the city government of Concord. Barge containing the city government of Nashua. Barge containing the city government of Portsmouth. Barouche containing Gov. Van Zandt of Rhode Island, and staff. Barouche containing Gov. Garcelon of Maine, and staff. Barouche containing Ex-Governors Goodwin and Cheney. Carriage containing ex-mayors of Manchester, D. A. Bunton, John Hosley, I. W. Smith, J. F. James. Barouche containing Senators E. H. Rollins and H. W. Blair, and Congressmen J. F. Briggs, Evarts W. Farr, and J. G. Hall. Barouche containing governor's council, as follows: Hon. Warren Brown, Hon. Hiram A. Tuttle, Hon. Nathan Parker, Hon. James Burnap, Hon. Joseph Burrows. Carriage containing Hon. Moody Currier, Samuel Fay, William Aniory. Carriage containing B. C. Dean, Roger Wolcott, J. L. Stackpole. Carriage containing Col. Hawkes Fearing, Gen. A. F. Stevens, Gen. M. W. Tap- pan, Gen. M. T. Donohoe. Carriage containing A. B. Thompson, secretary of state ; I. AV. Hammond, deputy secretary of state; Hon. C. W. Stanley. Carriage containing J. P. Bancroft, superintendent of the asylum for the insane ; Hon. Oliver Pillsbury, insurance commissioner; John Kimball, commissioner on building new state-prison. Carriage containing Railroad Commissioners Granville P. Conn, J. E. French. Carriage containing Bank Commissioners L. W. Cogswell and J. G. Kimball, and Pension Agent Col. E. L. Whitford. Carriage containing Fish Commissioners Samuel Webber and Luther Hayes, and Special Commissioners on affairs of Lake Winnipesaukee, Hon. C. W. Wood- man and H. P. Rolfe. THE PROCESSfOiV. 59 Carriage containing Hon. Jewett Connor and Hon. J. M. Parker, of board of equalization; W. H. H. Mason, trustee of agricultural college: A. F. How- ard, collector of port of Portsmouth. Barouches containing Messrs. J. D Lyman, C. S. Averill, C. F. Stone, G. 6. Spalding, K. S. Hall, B. M. Mason, Howard F. Hill, E. A. Peterson, trustees of normal school. Barouche containing A. C. Clement, J. W. Peppard, trustees of state reform school. Barouche containing Dexter Richards, David CTillis, J. B. Walker, trustees of the asylum for the insane. Barouches containing Moses Humphrey, B. F. Hutchinson, C. F. Kingsbury, William H. Hills, James O. Adams, Albert DeMeritte, board of agriculture. Barouche containing Rev. Sullivan Holraan, chaplain of prison; Richard C. Bartlett, commissioner of pilotage; E. P. Prescott, inspector of flour. Barouche containing John Pender, John H. Flagg, William O. Sides, inspectors of customs; S. H. Marshall, deputy collector port of Portsmouth. Barouche containing George A. Marden, Lowell; George S. Merrill, Lawrence; George M. Dewey, Michigan ; Stephen O'Meara, city editor " Boston Journal." Carriage containing Col. W. E. Stevens, Hon. O. C. Moore, Thomas C. Rand, Esq. Barge containing Messrs. F. W. Miller, H. C. Ferry, George E. Foster, H. P. Grandy, Messrs. Barton and Prescott, I. W. Quimby, J. D. P. Wingate, A. A. Rotch, Otis S. Eastman, B. B. and F. P. Whittemore, J. E. Pecker, C. H. Kim- ball, C. H. Parker, R. F. Holton. CIVIC DEPARTMENT. Col. E. C. Shirley in charge; Capt. E. G. Stark, aid. FIRST SUB-DIVISION. Goffstown Band, L. H. Stark, leader ; twenty-two pieces. Wonolanset Encampment No. 2. James L. Sweet, chief patriarch ; George W. Woodburn, high priest ; James Light- body, senior warden; U. A. Carswell, scribe; John Y. Cressey, treasurer; Eugene Clement, junior warden ; John T. Robinson, captain ; Oscar F. Bartlett, second captain. Mount Washington Encampment No. 16. Thomas H. Howlett, chief patriarch ; William T. Rowell, high priest; Frank A. Cadwell, senior warden ; Henry B. Gillette, scribe ; Charles H. Fisk, treasurer ; Oliver H. Abbott, junior warden ; John K. Piper, first captain ; John N. Bruce, second captain. 60 THE PROCESSION. Concord Uniformed Patriarchs. William K. Norton, captain ; Moses Ladd, vice-captain ; Byron Atwood, scribe. Townsend Band, S. A. Tyler, leader; twenty-two pieces. Nashoonon Encampment, Nasliua; forty men. , R. M. Blanchard, cliief captain ; H. S. Ashley, subordinate captain. Indian Head Encampment, Nashua; twenty-five men. C. O. Batchelder, chief patriarch; C. N. Greenwood, senior warden; P. L. Allen, high priest; J. A. Small, scribe; C. A. Lovejoy, treasurer; N. Greenwood, junior warden ; W. E. Taggart, chief captain ; G. P. Hill, subordinate captain. Quochecho and Prescott Encampments, Dover; fifty men. C. F. Peel, captain, commanding. Barouche containing John W Saul, most worthy grand patriarch ; L. F. McKin- ney, most worthy grand master ; George D. Lamos, most eminent grand high priest; S. C. Gould, right worthy grand senior warden. Carriage containing L. K. Peacock, right worthy grand treasurer: J. AV. Colcord, right worthy grand junior warden ; W. H. Lamprey, wortliy grand inside sen- tinel; H. S. Gray, worthy grand outside sentinel. Carriage containing John R. Miller, John H. Locke, George A. Cummings, and H. A. Farrington, grand representatives. SECOND SUB-DIVISION. ^Manchester French Band, J. Lafricain, leader; twenty-five pieces. Trinity Commandry No. 1, Manchester ; one hundred and fifty men. Andrew Bunton, eminent commander ; Harvey L. Currier, generalissimo ; John K. Piper, captain-general; John D. Patterson, prelate; Benjamin G. Cumner, senior warden; Daniel A. Clifford, junior warden ; James A. Weston, treasurer; Joseph E. Bennett, recorder; Frank Dowst, standard- beai-er; Henry Colby, sword- bearer; George H. True, warder; Benjamin W. Robinson, Frederick S. Man- ning, Frank S. Bodwell, captains of guards ; George A. Bailey, sentinel. Great Falls Cadet Band; nineteen pieces. De Witt Clinton Commandry No. 2, Portsmouth; fifty men. William P. Walker, eminent commander; Charles W. Gardner, generalissimo; John H. Cheever, captain-general; John Christie, prelate; Charles W.Norton, senior warden; Calvin Page, junior warden; Wingate N. Ilsley, treasurer; James L. Parker, recorder; Daniel G. Raitt, standard-bearer; Thomas E. 0. Marvin, sword-bearer ; Benjamin F.Webster, warder; Harry G. Tauton, cap- tain of third guard; Henry H. Hani, Jr., captaiu of second guard; George F. Thompson, captain of first guard; John Nutter, sentinel. THE PROCESSION. 61 Third Regiment Band, Concord, William Hall, leader; twenty-five pieces. Mount Horeb Coramandry No. 3, Concord; ninety-four men. Joseph W. Hildreth, eminent commander; Charles N. Towle, geneValissimo ; Frank D. Woodbury, captain-general; Edward Dow, prelate; Charles C. Danfortli, senior warden; Thomas A. Pilsbury, junior warden; Stillman Humphrey, treas- urer; Edgar H. Woodman, recorder; Frank B. Cochran, standard-bearer; Frank L. Sanders, sword-bearer; Waldo A. Kussell, warder. North Star Comraandry No. 4, Lancaster; forty men. E. R. Kent, eminent commander; T. S. Ellis, Charles A. Cleaveland, Henry J. Cummings, Nelson Sparks, Frank Smith, Charles M. Burleigh, E. V. Cobleigh, John M. Whipple, Ira E. Woodward, George S. Stockwell, Thomas C. Gray, George Van Dyke, Daniel Proctor, Jared H. Flaisted, Nathan R. Perkins, Moses F. Gordon, Fred N. Day, Arthur L. Meserve, E. D. Stockwell, Lafayette Moore, Asa L. Palmer, A. M. Thompson, John S. Ockington, E. C. Roby, George Barrett, B. T. Olcott, J. W. Barney. Officers of the Grand Commandry. Albert S. Wait, Newport, right eminent grand commander; R. E. Sir John S. Kidder, Manchester, acting vice eminent deputy grand commander; R. E. Sir Joseph W. Fellows, Manchester, acting eminent grand generalissimo ; Nathan P. Hunt, Manchester, eminent grand captain-general; R. E. Sir John D. Patter- son, Manchester, acting eminent grand prelate; Frank A. McKean, Nashua, eminent grand treasurer ; George P. Cleaves, eminent grand recorder; Thomas S. Ellis, Lancaster, eminent gi'and senior warden ; Milton A. Taylor, Nashua, eminent grand junior warden ; Sir Edward Gustine, Keene, acting eminent gi-and standard-bearer; Sir Thomas H. Johnson, Salem, Mass., acting eminent grand sword-bearer; Sir D. B. Vickeiy, Haverhill, Mass., acting eminent grand warder; J. Frank Webster, Concord, eminent grand captain of the guards. Dover Cornet Band, R. L. Reinwold, leader ; twenty-five pieces. St. Paul Commandry No. 5, Dover ; seventy-five men. Charles H. Sawyer, eminent commander ; Henry P. Glidden, generalissimo ; George P. Demeritt, captain-general; Rev. John B. Richmond, prelate; Ellery I. Bennett, senior warden ; George F. Richards, junior warden ; John T. W. Ham, treasurer; John H. Nealley, recorder; Aaron Roberts, standard-bearer ; William H. Hanson, sword-bearer ; Frank J. Woodman, warder ; Horatio G. Hanson, armorer. Sullivan Commandry No. 6, Claremont ; fifty men. Hosea W. Parker, eminent commander ; George H. Stowell, generalissimo ; Fred- erick Haubrich, captain-general ; Edward SmUey, prelate ; Charles H. Long, 62 THE PROCESSION. senior warden j John W. Collins, junior warden; John T. Emerson, treasurer; Henry C. Deane, recorder; Hollis A. Jenne, standard-bearer; Levi Johnson, sword-bearer; George O. Woodcock, warder; William B. Henry, captain of third guard; Hiram G. Sherman, captain of second guard; James Young, cap- tain of first guard; Edward H. Jacques, armorer and sentinel. Second Regiment Band, Theodore Allen, leader ; twenty-five pieces. Hugh de Paynes Commandry No. 7, Keene ; eighty men. Solon S. Wilkinson, eminent commander ; Koyal H. Portei-, generalissimo ; Fred A . Barker, captain-general ; Elisha Ayer, prelate ; Joseph K. Beal, treasurer ; Clark F. Rowell, recorder ; Frank L. Howe, senior warden ; Ormond E. Colony, junior warden; AVilliam S. Briggs, sword-beai'er ; Ainsworth M. Nims, standard- bearer; George J. Appleton, warder; Andrew R. Mason, captain of third guard ; Chester L. Kingsbury, captain of second guard ; George H. Jackson, captain of first guard; William G. Silsby, organist; George L. Whitney, ar- morer and sentinel. Dunstable Baud, Hiram Spalding, leader; twenty-one pieces. St. George Commandi^ No. 8, Nashua; seventy-five men. Henry A. Marsh, eminent commander; Frank A. McKean, generalissimo; Milton A. Taylor, captain-general; Ralph A. Arnold, prelate; John H. Clark, senior warden; Joshua W. Hunt, junior warden; Quincy A. Woodward, treasurer; Samuel Lamson, recorder; Nathan H. Foster, standard-bearer; James H. Hall, sword-bearer; Augustus D. Ayling, warder; Rufus Fitzgerald, captain of third guard; Addison Knights, captain of second guard; John H. Barr, captain of first guard. Lafayette Lodge No. 41, Manchester.' John K. Wilson, worshipful master; William G. Garmon, senior warden ; Evander G.Merrill, junior warden; Joseph E. Bennett, treasurer; Thomas W.Lane, secretary; Henry P. Priest, senior deacon; John T. Phillips, junior deacon; Edward B. Woodbury, senior steward ; Charles J. Darrah, junior steward ; Ru- fus L. Bartlett, marshal ; Ezra Huntington, chaplain; George A. Bailey, tyler. Washington Lodge No. 61, Manchester. George A . Bailey, worshipful master ; George E. Thompson, senior warden ; Joseph Beddows, junior warden; N. W. Cumner, treasurer; Edward P. Sher- burne, secretary ; Charles A. Smith, representative to Grand Lodge; Douglass Mitchell, senior deacon ; Willard C. Parker, junior deacon; Frederick S. Afan- ning, senior steward; John T. Robinson, junior steward ; Warren Harvey, mar-shal ; Henry Powers, chaplain; Rufus L. Bartlett. tyler. THE PROCESSION. BB Escorting guests and the Grand Lodge of the State of New Hampshire, as follows : Barouche containing Solon A. Carter, most worshipful grand master; Joseph Kidder, acting deputy grand master; F. A. McKean, senior grand warden; A. W. Baker, junior grand warden. Carriage containing George P. Cleaves, grand secretary ; James Adams, grand chaplain. Carriage containing Henry Powers, grand chaplain; William A. Clough, acting senior grand deacon ; H. E. Burnham, junior grand deacon. Carriage containing grand steward and grand marshal. THIRD SUB-DIVISION. Franklin Band, twenty-two pieces. Granite Lodge No. 3, Knights of Pythias. W. W. Owen, past chancellor; Benjamin T. Rounds, chancellor commander ; R. S. Corey, vice chancellor; John P. Young, prelate; F. W. McKinley, keeper of records and seal; H. E. Stevens, master of exchequer; W. E. Moore, master of finance ; George W. Newell, master-at-arms ; George A. Weeks, inner guard ; R. W. Flanders, outer guard. Merrimack Lodge No. 4, Knights of Pythias. Charles M. Currier, past chancellor; Robert A. Seaver, chancellor commander; Andrew J. Hersey, vice chancellor; Charles E. Page, prelate; George F. Crosby, keeper of records and seal; Alonzo Day, master of finance; Charles W. Temple, master of exchequer ; Parker H.Houston, master-at-arms; Caleb D. Emerson, inner guard ; Samuel W. Shepard, outer guard. Concord Lodge No. 8, Knights of Pythias, Concord. Mount Belknap Lodge No. 20, Knights of Pythias, Laconia. Oriental Lodge No. 12, Knights of Pythias, Suncook. Nashua Lodge No. 5, Knights of Pythias, Nashua. Officers of the Grand Lodge, Knights of Pythia.s, in carriages. William E. Moore, of Granite Lodge No. 3, Manchester, grand chancellor; Albert T. Cotton, of Rising Sun Lodge No. 7, Rochester, grand vice chancellor; Wil- liam A. Frye, of Pioneer Lodge No. i, Newmarket, grand prelate; Lorenzo K. Peacock, of Concord Lodge No. 8, Concord, grand master of exchequer; Frank J. Pillsbury, of Concord Lodge No. 8, Concord, grand keeper of records and seal; Frederick Newman, of Hillsborough Lodge No. 17, Hillsborough Bridge, grand master-at-arms; John N. Haines, of Prospect Lodge No. 13, Great Falls, grand inner guard; Edwin G. Wilson, of Mount Belknap Lodge No. 20, La- conia, grand outer guard; Charles M. Lang, of Concord Lodge No. 8, Concord, 64 THE PROCESSION. past grand chancellor; Daniel E. Howard, of Concord Lodge No. 8, Concord, past supreme representative; Silas C. Clatur, of Granite Lodge No. 3, Manches- ter, past supreme representative. Saint Jean Baptiste Society; ninety-six men. J. V. N. Goudreault, president; Charles Kobitaille, vice-president ; Dr. J. W. D. MacDonald, chief marshal. Saint Paul's Total Abstinence Society ; forty-five men. John Tobin, president ; James Reynolds, vice-president ; Daniel J. Sweeney, Wil- liam J. Murphy, secretaries ; Festus Devine, treasurer . Saint John's Total Abstinence Society. Ancient Order of Hibernians; seventy men. Dennis Dee, president; E. J. McLaughlin, vice-president. Saint Patrick's Mutual Benefit and Protective Society ; fifty men, in barges. Daniel I. Mahoney, president; Peter Milon, vice-president. Amoskeag Grange, Patrons of Husbandry, Manchester, Adam Dickey, master; eighty men. Officers of the State Grange, Patrons of Husbandry. Dudley T. Chase, Glaremont, master; John D. Lyman, Exeter, lectm-er; C. C. Shaw, Milford, secretary; F. L. Taylor, Danbury, steward. Stark Grange, Dunbarton, William H. Stinson, master; seventy men. Uncanoonuc Grange, GofEstown, George Pattee, master; sixty men. Souhegan Grange, Amherst, J. G. Haselton, master; twenty men. Nuffield Grange, Derry, J. R. Clark, master; twenty men. Granite Grange, Milford, E. C. Hutchinson, master; thh-ty men. Narragansett Grange, Bedford, Solomon Manning, master; sixty men. THE DEDICATION. THE DEDICATION. At the west side, or front, of the monument, a grand stand was erected which seated two thousand people. Admission to tlie various sections was by ticket, in tlie distriliution of which particular effort was made to furnish them to the widows of soldiers, and to veterans of the war of 1812. The stand was in ciiarge of the following corps of ushers : Chief usher, U. A. Carswell ; aids, William G. Everett, R. 0. Burleigh, John C. Littlefield, Frank Smith, Henry M. Preston, I. G. Rowell. The city government, distinguished guests, and Grand Lodge of Masons were given seats immediately in front of the monument. The ceremonies were in the following order : — 1. Introductory Address, hy president of the day, Hon. Daniel Clark. 2. Prayer, by chaplain of the day, Rev. E. G. Selden. 3. Unveiling of Monument, by Col. George Bowers, dept. commander, Grand Army Republic. 4. Artillery Salute. 5. Keller's American Hymn, by American Band, D. W. Reeves, director. 6. Delivery of Monument to the City, by chairman of building committee, Hon. James A. Weston. 7. Acceptance of the Monument, by the mayor, Hon. John L. Kelly. 8. Dedication of Monument, by Grand Lodge of Masons, Solon A. Carter, master. 9. Inflammatus (" Stabat Mater"), American Band. 10. PoftM, written for the occasion by Mrs. B. F. Dame; read by B. F. Dame. 11. Oration, by Hon. James W. Patterson. 12. Addresses, by Govs. Head, Garcelon, and Van Zandt. 13. Benediction, by Rev. E. G. Selden. 68 THE DEDICATION. THE ADDRESS OP HON. DANIEL CLARK. Tlie war is over, and peace has come. Tlie rebellion has been crushed, and slavery, which incited and envenomed the contest, has perished in the struggle. The territory of the United States, from sea to sea, and from the Canadas to the Gulf, is undivided, and the supremacy of the Constitu- tion has been maintained over every part. No State has been allowed to secede. The old flag of the Union, the stars and stripes, floats over all. But, with the coming of peace, there have not returned to us many of the noble men who went forth to battle. They have fallen, — some of them on the field, or in the camp or hospital : and they sleep by the riverside and on the hillside ; on the plain and on the mountain ; in the cultivated field or wild wood ; on the land and in the sea. The sound of their returning footfalls has not been heard, and their vacant chairs have not been filled. Others have returned, maimed, wounded, broken, and have died among us, cheered by the offices of affection, and mourned by the mingled tears of gratitude and love ; while others still survive, and many an " empty sleeve " or substituted crutch or wooden leg attests the sacrifices these men have made and the hardships they have endured. And now, as often as comes the leafy, budding month of May, they seek the graves of their fallen comrades and decorate them with flowers, and many a little flag attests where — "Sleep the brave who sink to rest, By all their country's wishes ))less'd." These graves, known and unknown, are now bound to the living by the mystic cords of memoi-y and affection : but the " years glide by," and tlie generations pass ; almost half a generation has gone since the war closed, and comrade after comrade lias started on his last march. Soon all the grand army of the Union will have gone " over the river," and, encamped with " Father Abraham " on the shining plains beyond, thrice " three hundred thousand more." THE DEDICATION. 69 Who then shall decorate tliese graves ? or what outward and visi- ble acknowledgments shall there be of our gratitude for the services they have rendered ? We would not have them neglected or forgotten or overlooked. Nay, rather we would have them in perpetual remembrance and con- stant view ; and to this end the city of Mancliester has erected this monument, that it may be a perpetual decoration of the graves of the fallen, and a shrine in which shall be ti'easured the precious recollec- tion of all that these men, living and dead, have braved, suffered, and endured. I say "the living and the dead," for this monument is builded by the city in honor of botli alike. Both were alike firm in their devo- tion to duty, and ready at their country's call. Both were equally brave, and all equally dared death that the government might be pre- served. Soon all will sleep together, and we would honor them alike. We have located it upon one of our most public squares, that the citizens, both native and foreign born, may behold it at morn and noon and evening, and renew, with every passing gaze, their devotion to Liberty and Union, and that -the stranger " within our gates " shall know in what esteem we held these men, by whose heroism and devotion to duty the union of these United States has been preserved. We have made it of granite and bronze, that it may resist the. gnawing tooth of time, and teach to one generation after anotiier how priceless is the legacy wiiicli the services of the grand army of the Union have enabled us to transmit to posterity. Upon its top we have placed the figure of Victory, with a crown upon her head, denoting the supremacy of the government ; in her left iiand she holds tlie wreaths with which siie crowns tiiose wliose services we tliis day honor ; and in her right hand her sword, witli the hilt advanced, in token of amity, and the point inclining back- wards, that there be no more fratricidal strife. Come, then, fellow-citizens, and assist in this dedication, and as we engage in these ceremonies may the glow of patriotism be brighter 70 THE DEDICATION. and warmer in our liearts, and may they overflow with gratitude to that beneficent Providence which gave to our fatliers this goodly land, and enabled them to establisii this, best of all governments, and tlieir sons to maintain it. The Rev. B. G. Selden, pastor of the First Congregational Church, chaplain of the day, then offered a brief prayer. THE UNVEILING. At each of the four statues, which were appropriately veiled with American flags, was stationed a comrade in the full uniform of the Grand Army, — J. T. Batchelder, commander Post 2, A. H. Davis, commander Post -33, S. M. 8. Moulton, commander Post 37, T. B. Crowley, adjutant Post 7, who, at a given signal from the department commander. Col. George Bowers, pulled the lialyards running up the flags, amidst the ringing of all the city bells, the screech of locomo- tives at the railroad station, and the booming of cannon by the First New Hampshire Battery, Capt. S. S. Piper. The monument being unveiled, tlie vast assemblage joined witii the Grand Army of the Republic in singing "America," with band accompaniment. Tiie adjutant-general, Col. W. H. D. Cochrane, tlien advanced toward the commander, from the center, about-faced, and at bugle-call three heralds. Comrades D. R. Piei-ce, assistant department commander, representing "Fraternity"; D. M. White, junior vice commander, representing " Charity " ; M. A. Haynes, senior vice commander, representing " Loyalty, " advanced to the front, to within three paces of the officer, wlierc tliey were commanded by him to " proclaim to all comrades and to the world the great principles of the Grand Army of the Republic." The heralds then, with line mili- tary precision, saluted the officer, right about-faced together, and, in turn, repeated the following proclamation : — First Herald. — "We proclaim as the foundation-stone of our order the principle of Fraternity. Tiic fraternity of a brotherhood THE DEDICATION. 71 welded together by common danger ; a fraternity which knows not former rank. We liail each other as comrades." Second Herald. — " We proclaim the principle of Charity. The true soldier's hand is ever open for the relief of a suffering comrade, and for the protection of those whom the dead have left to our charge. Blessed is the heart that warms in the sunshine of Charity." Third Herald. — " We proclaim the crowning principle of Loyalty. Loyalty to the living, loyalty to the memory of the dead ; that loyalty to country which bares the sword in the hour of supreme peril, and of the breasts of loyal men forms living ramparts against the assaults of foreign foes and domestic traitors." The heralds then all joined hands and faced to the front, while the adjutant-general repeated the lines: — " So stand we all united. Ever cherish the principles of our order, Fraternity, Charity, Loyalty." Returning to line. Commander Bowers advanced toward the com- rades, and as he did so Col. Cochrane gave the order, " Present arms ! " Col. Bowers closed the ceremonies of unveiling by deliver- ing the following address : — Comrades, Veterans, and Citizens of Manchester, — We stand here beneath the brow of heaven at this time to do what, under the provi- dence of God, who holds in his hand the destinies of nations, is but a sacred duty which we owe to those to whose memory this noble structure has been reared, and words of mine will but feebly express the debt of gratitude we owe to the brave men who periled their lives in the interests of that form of government the like of which does not exist beneath the sun. When the day of darkness came upon us, these men, true to their own heartiistones, true to the patriotism of the fathers, true to their own consciences, and therefore true to God, went forth, baring their forms to the red storms of war, in whose bloody footsteps we are 72 THE DEDICATION. reaping the sweet flowers of peace. They were ready to die, if need be, not for fame, not for wealth or for name, — oli, no ! — but for a principle that underlies the form of government under which we lire. And if, in the midst of the surging tempest of war, they were asked to scale some height of tlie enemy, some seemingly impregnable one, it was not the one who responded, but all; and step by step they went up, planting their colors there, not all of them to answer to their names beneath those colors, but to hear them called in the muster-roll around tlie throne of God. Is it not meet, then, that we stand here to-day with these surroundings, l)eneath this monument which has been erected to speak, as it will day by day, in the lengthening days of our nation's glory ? It speaks- the sentiments which these brave men, to whose memory it has been reared, would utter, could they but open their cold lips, saying, Wiiatever else may be, one truth shall be upheld, that sacred, next to our faith and our God, shall our flag ever be. Let this monument, tlien, stand forever as a token of our everlasting gratitude and our obligation to the men whose me^uory it perpetuates, standing as the evidence of things that have been, and, under God, shall be. Should any ruthless or partisan hand ever dare to seek the life- blood of the nation, — perish whatever else, — Our country, our whole country, forever shall be our watchword. Let those who shall come in the morning, at noon-day, or evening's close, to look upon this work, and to recall the names it brings to mind, but become inspired with tlie patriotism that has reared this monument, and there shall not be one star blotted out from the horizon of our nation's glory. THE ADDRESS OF EX-GOV. JAMES A. WESTON. Mr. Mayor, — The building committee of the soldiers' monument, having discharged the duties for which they were chosen about two years since, would now surrender to you, as cliief magistrate of the city, the result of their labors. In selecting a design for this monument from tlic many offered by THE DEDICATION. 73 eminent architects, the committee were influenced, not only by the artistic merit of the one adopted, but by the general fitness of its style — the modern Gothic — to express the sentiment intended; and it has been a satisfaction to us to have the indorsement by the public of our selection. This structure is no duplicate of similar works ; the statuary and all the architectural features are original in design and application ; the materials, bronze and New Hampshire granite, are the most appropriate and enduring; and its construction, from the laying of its foundation to the last detail of its work, shows skilled and faithful lal)or. The statuary, symbols, and inscription best tell the story and pur- pose of the monument in honoring the citizen soldier ; but it is fitting, in the formalities of delivering this work over to your custody, to note in official form its principal features. The design embodies the three- fold idea of an historical and a military monument, and a fountain ; and in its cruciform base includes a basin, thirty feet in width, inclosed in a parapet of ornamental character. In the center of each of the four projecting arms of the basin is a pedestal, on a line with the parapet, supporting each a bronze statue of heroic size, representing the principal divisions of service in the army and navy ; namely, the infantry soldier, the cavalryman, artilleryman, and sailor. Alternat- ing in pairs between these figures are eight bronze posts for gas-lights, surmounted by our national emblem. The column, fifty feet in height, rising from the center of the basin, is supported on a circular pedestal four feet in diameter, and is crowned with a capital richly carved with appropriate Gothic orna- ment ; upon this is placed a colossal statue, in granite, eight feet in height, representing Victory with lier nuiral crown, a shield lying at her feet, and holding a wreatli and recumbent sword, emblematic of triumph and peace. This figure, irrespective of the sentiment which it admirably conveys, is a fine work of art in its attitude, features, and drapery. At the base of the column is placed a shield witli the arms of the city ; while above are displayed flags and weapons, the trophies of war. 74 THE DEDICATION. SuiTouuding the circular pedestal is a bronze bas-relief, four feet in height, representing such incidents of recruiting, arming, parting from friends, and marching, as toll, in a simple and effective manner, the meaning of the memorial. Tlie base of the pedestal is octagonal in form, and on its west or front side bears a bronze tablet, on which these words are inscribed : IN HONOR OF THE MEN OK MANCHESTER WHO GAVE THEIR SERVICES IN THE WAR WHICH PRESERVED THE UNION OF THE STATES AND SECURED EQUAL RIGHTS TO ALL UNDER THE CONSTITUTION THIS MONUMENT IS BUILT BY A GRATEFUL CITY This inscription was prepared by our fellow-townsman, Mr. H. W. Herrick, and was selected from the large number contributed, by a committee of literary gentlemen appointed for that purpose. Above the bas-relief are twelve gargoyles, attached to the cornice of the circular pedestal, and issuing from them are jets of water fall- ing into the basin below. The four principal figures, in bronze, are works of artistic merit, and were modeled and cast expressly for this structure. Tlie careful finish and general character of this im))ortant feature of the work have given much satisfaction. In transferring to the city this monument, it is only justice to the contractors, Messrs. Fredei'ick and Field, of Quincy, JIass. ; to Mr.M. J. Power, of the fine-art foundry. New York, who furnished the bronze work, and to the sculptors, Buberl, Richards, and Hartley, also of New York, to bear testimony to their fidelity and skill ; also to express satisfaction in the superintendence of the work Ijy the architect and Tin: UEUICATIOS. Tf) designer, Mr. Oeorjre Keller of Hartford, C()im.,t<> wlimn (he eoininit- tec desire to acknowledge tlieir indeiitedncss for inucli of the success that has been attained. From tlic laying of the corner-stone. Decora- tion Day, May 30, 1878, to the coin|>letion of the work, great care has i»cen taken that honest material and faithful workmanship should characterize every stop of progress. And now, as tins moninni'nt pas.ses from the official sujHjrvisiou of the Imilding committee, — a work which they have earnestly desired should he wortliy of the city, and worthy of the i)rave men whose services it commemorates, we are reminded of the important labors performed by one of our numl)er, who is not permitted to unite with us ill these ceremonies. The zeal and disinterested services of the lamented Dr. E. M. Tubbs. prominent in the initiation of the enter- I>rise, deserve this recognition at our hands. Having thus discharged the trust confided to us, we yield our jwsi- tion, with the conviction tliat the city of Manchester has worthily ful- filled a patriotic and sacred duty, in here marking, in appropriate form, her sentiments of gratitude to her citizen soldiers. And as generations succeed generations long in the dim future, as crown after crown is added to our country's glory, may this iiioiuuiieiital pile stand to add its tribute to the memory of heroic men. THE ADDUKSS OF HON. JOHN L. KELLV. Mr. President, Chairman and Gentlemen of the Building- Committee, and Fellow-Citizens. As mayor it becomes my duty, as well as pleasure, to receive, on behalf of the city of Manchester, this monument, which is to-day being dedicated to true patriotism. The legislature of this State, in response to a growing sentiment of the people tiiat the loyalty and valor of our citizen soldiers should be sculptured in enduralde form, so that the rising generation might lie constantly reminded of the heroism of their fathers, enacted a law by whicli "any city or town, at any legal meeting holden for that 76 THE DEDICATION. purpose, may raise and appropriate so mucli money as they deem necessary, to be expended in procuring and erecting a monument to perpetuate the memory of such soldiers belonging thereto as may have sacrificed their lives in the service of their country." Fortified by this authority, the Hon. James A. Weston, mayor, Jan. 4, 1870, uttered the following patriotic sentiments in his inau- gural address, touching the erection of a soldiers' monument : — " Nearly five years have elapsed since the din of war and the bitterness which characterized those long years of blood and strife passed away. Our gallant sol- diers have returned to the paths of peace, while the great army of slain, having sealed their deeds with their lives, return not. Their bones lie mingled with the soil of every battle-field, and there they wiU remain forever. Yet we can point to no enduring monument erected by a grateful people, that shall transmit to posterity the devotion and sacrifice of our fellow-citizens who went forth to victory or death in defense of the Union and the Constitution." This was the first official word on the part of the city government, or any officers thereof, recognizing the claims of the soldiers for a monumental shaft. This word, fitly spoken, ripened into acts on the part of the city councils, so that, ere the close of the session, one thousand dollars was appropriated as a nucleus for a sum to be applied to the erection of the soldiei's' monument, which has been increasing by subsequent appropriations until, in July, 1878, it amounted to over eighteen thousand dollars. On May 1, 1877, a resolution was olifered in the board of mayor and aldermen, Ijy Capt. Levi L. Aldrich, calling for a committee of one alderman and two members of the common council, whose duty it should be to consider tlie erection of a soldiers' monument, estimating its probable cost, and recommending a location, and to report at a subsequent meeting. Tlie same was adopted in concurrence, and Alderman Aldrich and Councilmen Timotiiy W. Challis and William Gt. Hoyt were appointed the committee. This committee met June 5, and submitted to the city councils the following report : — THE DEDICATION. 77 To the City CounciU of Manchester. Gentlemen, — The joint .si>eciiil cominittce to whom was referretl the resohi- tion in regard to a soldiers' monument, would resiiectfidly reoommend that a mon- ument be erected in honor of those who lost their lives in the late reljellion, anil that the same be erected on Tremont square ; the exjHjnse thereof not to exceed twenty thousand dollars. HosiM-etfiilly submitted. LEVI L. ALURICH, TIMOTHY \V. CIIALLI.S, WILLIAM G. HOYT, Joint Special Committee on Soldiers' Monument. This report was accepted in concurrence, with the exception of the location, which was referred baclt to the same committee. The joint standing committee on finance, to wliom was referred a subsequent re|)ort of the same committee, reported as follows, July 3, 1877 : — To the City Councils of Manchester. Gentlemen, — The joint standing committee on finance, to whom was referred the matter of a soldiers' monument, having considered the same, do rcsi>ectfully report as follows : — That they, being favorably inclined to the erection of a soldiera' monument, recommend the city government, in making up their appropriations for the next fiscal year, to make such an appropriation for that purjwse, as, added to the present fund, shall not exceed twenty thousand dollars. And your committee further recommend a special committee of seven persons, consisting of the committee already appointed by the city government, and four citizens, — and we would respectfully suggest the names of Dr. (Elijah M. Tubbs, Ex-Gov. J.anies A. Weston, Patrick Fahey, and Capt. Joseph B. Clark, — l)e appointed by the city councils, said committee to receive designs and proi>osals, and rejHjrt to the city councils. Respectfully submitted. fJKOUGE W. RIDDLE, EDWIN KENNEDY, JAMES SULLIVAN, WALTER M. PARKER, IRA CROSS, Joint Standing Committee on Finance. Tlic report was adopted in concurrence. 78 THE DEDICATION. At a sulisequeiit meeting of this enlarged committee, Capt. Joseph B. Clark was chosen clerk ; and the first report of said committee was made Nov. 20, 1877, and was as follows : — To the City Councils of Manchester. Gentlemen, — The committee appointed by your honorable body, as chai'ged with erecting a soldiers' monument, beg leave to report as to the progress made in the discharge of their duties to the present time. Agreeably to your instructions, they at once secured the services of Mr. George Keller, architect, who has pre- pared plans and specifications, preparatoi-y to placing the work under contract. Upon the receipt of these, the committee at once advertised for proposals, with a view of having the foundation put in the present season. This action renders it necessaiy that the question of location be determined without delay. On this question the committee has ascertained the sense of the members, and the result is as follows : Four members have voted in favor of locating it on Merrimack square, and three in favor of Tremont square. All of which is respectfully submitted. JOSEPH B. CLARK, Clerk of the Committee. In answer to the report of this committee, it was voted in concur- rence, Dec. 4, 1877 : That the soldiers' monument, about to be erected, be located on the northwest corner of Merrimack square. On March 19, 1878, in my inaugural, I recommended that the loca- tion of the monument be removed from the northwest corner to the center of Merrimack square. The recommendation was adopted, and the final location was established. At this ]ioint, it seems to me fitting, gentlemen of the building committee, that we should pause, if but for a moment, and pay a tribute of respect to the memory of one of your original members, the late lamented Dr. Elijah M. Tubbs. He was favorably known in this city and State as a courteous gentleman of superior mental endowments and great force of character, whose admiration of heroic deeds, and gratitude to the soldier, made him one of the earliest advo- cates for the erection of this monument. His love of the beautiful, in nature and art, was a ruling passion. With his rare artistic taste Till-: i>i:i>ir.\ri()N. 79 anil ripe judgment, he assisted materially in tlie selection and adop- tion of the designs of this monument, wliieh arc acknowledged by all as possessed of rare merit. He is not here in person to assist in tiiesc dedicatory services ; yet he co-oi>erated with yon cheerfully, while living, in directing, arranging, and superintending this work. On Fel). 7, 1878, the sad dcatli of Dr. Tubl)s occurred, and his place on this committee was filled hy the appointment of Mr. Loring B. Bodwell; and on the retirement of Capt. Aldrich in Marcii, 1878, from tiie committee, by reason of the expiration of liis term of office as alderman, Mr. John W. Dickey, alderman of ward seven, was apjiointed iu his place; and the lion. James A. Weston was appointed chairman of the committee. As mayor, gentlemen, it gives me groat pleasure to lluink you, in behalf of the city councils, and the citizens generally, for the faithful discharge of the high trust confided to you. Twelve months have passed beyond the time fi.xed for its completion and dedication, yet I have your assurance that it has been faithfully executed in accordance with the original designs, and as such I gladly accept it at your hands in behalf of the people of this city, whose loyalty to the Union has been exemplified by the large ipiota of two thousand eight hundred and twenty-eight volunteers from our midst, in response to tiie various calls of the government for men, and in the large appropriation for the erection of this shaft in commemoration of the heroism of tho.se who fought, anil of those who fell, in defense of this republic, which |)ossesses the best government of all the nations. This monument will stand as an enduring evidence that the heroes of the war, whether living or dead, will not l)e forgotten. From tlieir lives and their deaths will be fomid lessons for their children and their children's children, which shall incite in the future to tlic IK'rformancc of heroic deeds in defense of the Union, should traitors again assail it. The lives of over five hundred i)rave men from this city were sacrificed in defense of this republic. The remains of many of (hem have l)een brought back to this city, and now rest peacefully 80 THE DEDICATION. in lionored gi-aves ; others were left upon the battle-field, and their resting-places are to-day unknown : yet to the memory of all these is this monument erected and to-day being dedicated. Those who at the call of the government responded from this city were an average type of New England men ; they were, as a wliole, favorably situated as to business and occupation ; their habits were peaceful, with an intense love for the Union, which, being assailed, awakened a patriot- ism that was typical of that ancient patriotism which in '76 spoke a nation into existence. Prom our farms, our workshops, and our factories, — indeed, from all the pursuits, callings, and professions of life, sprung forth recruits in this hour of a nation's danger. They left " all the endearments of home, of kindred ties, and of cultivated society, to endure the hardship, the perils, and sufferings of war," many of them to sacrifice their lives, others their limbs, and yet others their health, in battling for an imperiled Union. The city of Manchester erects this shaft, not alone in honor of her heroic soldiers, living or dead, but also to fire the hearts of coming generations with burning zeal for the preservation of a nation once endangered, yet saved "by the patriotism, the valor, tlie honor, the love of country, and devotion to duty" which characterized the acts of their fathers in the war for the suppression of the rebellion. The inscription on the west face of this monument proclaims it to be " built by a grateful city in honor of the men of Manchester who gave their services in the war which preserved the union of these States and secured equal rights to all under the constitution." This inscription was selected not less for its simplicity of language tlian its directness of purpose, which was to honor alike tlie brave deeds of the living and the dead. " This beautiful structure is not needed for the di'ud:" the chief purpose of "this admonishing scul|)ture" is to teach tiie living, in all coming time, deep lessons of patriotism and loyalty, — to educate the. cluldren into a reverential love of country as deep and abiding as that awakened by the attack of rebels on Fort Sumter, which kindled the THE liEDICATIUN. 81 fires of iKitriotisin into a uoiiMiiiiing lieiit ^^o that in four years it liurned out every vestige of oigaiiized rel)ellioii in the land. Tliis inscription will remain upon the face of this monument to proclaim the loyalty of the people of this city to free institutions, to liherty regulated liy law, as estahlislied by our revolutionary fathers in the cou.>ititutional government. In the language of the great expresident is a check upon hoth," — as aptly exemplified in the acts of the last congress, — each having sepa- rate and distinct powers, yet constituting one staitle government, which wicked and designing men attempted in 1S61 to destroy. Hence this sliaft pointing upward to the sun, and this gathering of the people, to commemorate the heroic virtues of our fathers and brothers and sons who fought and who fell in defense of constitutional liberty, — in defense of a const it uiioiial government established by the people, instead of one founded by the States, " with powers amide to execute itself and fulfill its duties," as exemplified in the ujirising of the North at the call of the lamented Fjincoln, and the suppression of the rel)ellion, with an acknowledgment of the supremacy of the constitu- tion and stability of the Union ; or, in otlier words, an acknowledg- ment of natiomil supremacy and state subordination. 1 trust 1 shall not be accused of sentimentality, if, in this pniilic nuiuner, midst these sui louuilings and associations, 1 assert that 1 look back to the years of my companionship with my comrades to the front, many of whom were not permitted to join the homeward march, with nioi-e pride and ph^asure than I look upon all else that has i)een personal to me in life. This I^assert, not as an inijiulse inspired by this impressive scene, l>ut as a matter of such deliberation as gathering years give to our jijdgmcnt. Let me also add, that I have been moved with deep feeling, as I have this day looked once more upon the manly forms of tho.se whose names are associated with every important battle-field of the rebellion. u 82 THE DEDICATION. I cannot do better in closing than to quote the historic words of tlie thrice-lamented Lincoln in his second inangnral, of 18(35 : " With malice towards none and charity for all, with firmness in the right, as God gives us to see the right, let us strive on to finish the work we are in, — to bind up the nation's wounds, to care for him who shall have borne the battle, and for his widow and his orplians ; to do all that may achieve and cherish u just and lasting |ieace among ourselves and with all nations." The ceremonies of dedication were performed by tlie Grand Lodge of Masons of New Hampshire, Solon A. Carter, of ~ Keene, Grand Master, and were of a very solemn and impressive character. Grand Master. — From time immemorial it has been the custom of the Masonic fraternity, when requested so to do, to lay the corner- stone of public edifices, especially those designed for the worship of God, and to consecrate, with appropriate ceremonies, such structures as are of general public interest to the communities where the same are located. We have therefore accepted the invitation to dedicate this monument, and, in assuming the duty imposed upon us, we may show our respect to the municipality of Manchester, and our appre- ciation of the obligations we are under to the men whose memory we have assembled to honor. Among the first lessons taught by our ritual are dependence of the creature upon the Creator, and the duty of imploring His assistance in all our undertakings. In obedience to those instructions, let us join with our Gi'and Chaplain in invoking the blessing of God upon the exercises in which we are about to THE PRAYER BY GRAND CHAPLAIN REV. HENRY POWERS. thou infinite and inscrntaljle One, wliosc wisdom is so absolute and goodness so great that the universe is but a single and fleeting expression thereof, we seek to worship thee, not with words and forms alone, but with noble thoughts and pure desires and earnest THE DEDfCATlON. 83 lives. Be pleased to liclp us, tliciefnio. by tliy s|iirit of truth and grace, to put away from our liearts now all mean conceptions and low animosities and unworthy sentiments of every sort, that they may be filled, instead, liy the most exalted patriotism, and the most un.selfish devotion to the good of all mankind. Except the Lord build the house, they labor in vain wlio luiild it. Havinir laid the foundation of this monument, in humble recognition of thy benefits, we beseech thee, Heavenly Father, to crown with thy richest blessings the finished work of our hands ; and grant that, defying all changes, it may stand througii the coming ages a lieautiful and eloquent witness of the tender love which a gratefid city cherishes for its heroic dead, and of the higii honor wiiich it is glad to bestow upon those who periled their lives in its service. Thanks be inito thee forcvcrmore, God, for the grand achievements thou didst enable these men and others like them to perform in the terrible days that are now over, in consequence of which we are to-day the most united and free, the most prosperous and happy peojilc upon tJio face of the earth : and that we may ever remain so wilt thou inspire in ns also, and in those that shall come after us, thou God of all the world, this same transcendent spirit of devotion, so that right shall lie to us always better than ease and peace, and honor better than riche.s, and a heroic death better than a life of self-indulgence. Thus shall we be doing what we can to bring in that promised time, when, thy kingdom having come, thy will shall lie done in earth as it is in heaven. Amen. Grand Master. — Hrothcr Deputy Grand Alastcr, what is the proper jewel of your ofticc ? Drpiitii Grand Maxlrr. — The Square. Qnind Master. — What does it teach ? Deputy Grand Master. — To square our actions by the square of virtue, and by it we prove our work. Grand Master. — Apply your jewel to this monument, and make rejwrt. 84 THE DEDICATION. Deputy Grand Master. — Tlie work is square ; tlie craftsmen have done their duty. Grand Master. — Brother Senior (Jrand Warden, what is tlie jewel of your office ? Senior Grand Warden. — Tlie Level. Grand Master. — What does it teach ? Senior Grand Warden. — The equality of all men, and l)y it we prove our work. Grand Master. — Apply your jewel to this monument, and make report. Senior Grand Warden. — The work is level; the craftsmen have done their duty. Grand Master. — Ihothoi- Junioi' Grand Warden, what is the jewel of your office 't Junior Grand Warden. — The Plumb. Grand Master. — What does it teach ? Junior Grand Warden. — To walk uprightly before Ood and man, and by it we prove our work. Grand Master. — Ap])ly your jewel to this monument, and make report. Junior Grand Warden. — The work is ])lunib : the craftsmen have done their duty. The Grand Master, striking the monument three times with the gavel, said, — Well made, well proved, true and trusty. This undertaking lias been conducted and completed by the craftsmen according to the grand plan, in peace, harmony, and brotherly love. The Deputy Grand Master received from the Grand Marshal the vessel of corn, and, pouring the corn, said, — May the health of the community which has executed this under- taking be preserved, and may the Supreme Grand Architect bless and prosper its labors. THE DEDICATION. 86 Tlie Grand Marshal presented tlie eiip of wine to the Senior Grand Warden, who poured the wine, saying, — May plenty be vouchsafed to the people of this ancient city, and may the blessing of tlie Bounteous Giver of ail tilings attend all its philanthropic and patriotic undertakings. Tiie Grand Marshal presented the cup of oil to the Junior (irand Warden, who poured the oil, saying, — May the Supreme Rider of the world preserve this people in peace, and grant to them the enjoyment of every blessing. ADDRV»S OF THE (IKAND MASTKR. Tlu' Ancient and Ilonoralde Fraternity of Free and Accepted Masons, in response to tlie courteous invitation of your committee, have, in your presence, consecrated this monument to the purposes for which it was designeil hy its founders and builders. It is a noble structure, and fitly commemorates tlie services and sacrifices of the brave men in whose honor it is erected, and so long as it shall stand it will bear testimony to the appreciation of those services, and the patriotism of the citizens through whose munificence it has been built. The Masonic fraternity of Xcw Hampshire, who.-c humlilc represent- ative I am, and for whom I s|)eak, desire to express their appreciation of the higli privilege of joining with the citizens of your beautiful city, and the various civic and other organizations here represented, in these exerci.ses, and performing the dedicatory service in accordance with tiie ancient forms and usages handed down to us liy our prede- cessors from a remote period. Ours is not an organization which delights in war and its attendant evils, or takes pleasure in per])etuatiiig the memory of mere struggles for place and [wwer. Our mission is rather one of peace ; and we endeavor to inculcate the duties of brotherly love, of relieving the distressed, and the 86 THE DEDICATION. practice of the Christian virtues. With tliese and similar lessons, Masonry teaches the duties of the citizen to his countiy. It regards as a crime any conspiracy or plotting against govern- ment, and urges a patient submission to the decisions of the supreme legislature ; it enjoins its votaries to be " exemplary in the discharge of their civil duties, by never proposing or countenancing any act which may have a tendency to subvert the peace and good order of society, by paying due obedience to the laws under whose protection we live, and by never losing sight of the allegiance due to our country." We reflect with satisfaction and a pardonable degree of pride that Washington and Franklin and a long line of heroes and patriots in the early history of our country, and a still greater number in our late civil war, were moved in a great measure, as we believe, by the lessons inculcated in tlie lodge, to illustrate in their lives their devotion to their country, to liberty, and the cause of a republican government. I do not wish to do violence to the proprieties of this occasion and in the presence of so many active participants in the events of the lafe war, the results of which we thi^s day commemorate, to assume undue credit for the part taken by the Masonic fraternity, and now that the duty assigned us in our distinctive capacity as Masons is com- pleted, let us, for the time being, drop our claim to recognition as Masons, and adopt the broader title of citizens of the commonwealth, and join heartily with all other citizens of whatever rank, grade, or condition in a fitting observance of the day. Many of you, who are here assembled, mourn the loss of a kind husband, a dutiful son, or loving brother. We can sympathize with all who mourn the loss of friends, for, while we may not claim the tie of kindred with those whose memory you honor and cherish, many of us may and do claim the hardly less endearing ties of comradeship, which are sure to exist among those who have shared together the fatigues of the march, the labors and pleasures of the camp, and the perils of the field. rUE DEDICATION. 87 '• To us is tlie weeping, wliile theirs is the glory, From danger anil duty they ne'er turned aside ; Heroic their deeds and immortal their story, They fought for their coiuitry, and conquering died. No longer Uiey list to the tramp of the legions That steadily marcheil to the field of the dead, From East and from West, and from far distant regions. Resistless iu numbers and firm in their tread. No angel of death, o'er the battle-field landing, With skeleton finger is pointing his prey ; Our (lod heard tlie prayers of a nation ascending, And turned our dark midnight of horror to day. O God of our fathers I the God of our nation ! Their faith was unwavering, their tnist was in thee; Thou gav'st them the victory, — to our land gave salvation. And smiled once again on the home of the free. Yes, honor and glory for them are eternal, • The nation they ransoived their memorj- will keep ; Fame's flowers immortal will bloom ever vernal O'er the graves where our heroes in glory now sleep." From the dawn of civilization down to the present time, nianl;ind has ever l>cen prompt to accord the full meed of praise and gratitude to noble and self-sacrilicing devotion to duty, es|)ccially when these (jualitics have ijeen called forth in defense of countiy and the iniiHJr- ilcd liiierties of the people. It is fitting, then, that the inhabitants of Manchester .should com- memorate the acts of her citizens which have exemplified these qualities in the highest degree [(ossible, even the sacrifice of life itself iu the service of the commonwealth. Col. John Ilay, the soldier-jwet, has given us, in a little |)oem entitled the " Advance Guard," an interpretation of the regard in which the ancients held their dead slain in battle, and has appropri- 88 THE DEDICATION. ated the myth and applied it to those whose loss we moui-ii. 1 give it you, with slight modifications to suit the time and place : — " In the dream of the northern poets, The brave, who in battle die. Fight on in shadowy phalanx In the field of the upper sky. And, as we read the sounding rhyme, The reverent fancy hears The ghostly ring of the viewless swords And the clash of the spectral spears. We think, with imperious questionings, Of the brothers we have lost; And we strive to track in death's mystery The flight of each valiant ghost. The northern myth comes back to lis. And we feel through our sorrow's night, That those brave souls are struggling still. Somewhere, for the truth and right. m Again they come; again I hear The tread of that goodly band, And I know the flash of Shattuck's eye, And the grasp of his hard, warm hand; And Langley and Hubbard of lion heart. With an eye like a northern girl's; And I see the light of heaven that shone On Louis Bell's fair curls. A «hoseii corps, — they are marching on, In a brighter sphere than. ours; Those bright battalions still fulfill Tlie scheme of the heavenly powers. And high, brave thoughts float down to us. The echoes of that far fight. Like the flash of tlie distant picket's gun, Through the shades of severing night. THE DEDICATION. 89 No fears for tlioin ; in our lower sphere I>et us toil with arms unstuiiieil. That we may l>e worthy to stand with them (^)u the .siiining lieights they've gained. We shall meet and greet in closing ranks, In time's declining sun, When the bugles of God shall sound recall, And the battle of life be won." Municipalities and iinliviiliiais may erect the mariile shaft, the granite column, or the Inonze statue, in testimony of their ai)i)recia- tion of such self-saerilii-ing devotion : let us rememljer that these testimonials are perishable, — that the marble and the granite may molder and decay, the beautiful statue become a shapeless mass, but that the lasting testimonial is the tribute of love, of gratitude, and of affectionate regard, erected in every loyal heart to the memory of the good and true, whicii .shall endure when these shall disappear, which shall grow brighter and brighter as ages roll on, and whicli shall still be fresh and new when time shall be no more. The Grand Chaplain pronounced the following invocation : — May corn, wine, and oil, and all the necessaries of life abound among men throughout the world ; and may this structure long remain in the beauty and strength of the brotherly love for the departed, to whose memory it has now been consecrated. Grand Master. — Orand Marshal, you will make ]>roolaraatiou that this monument has been duly cojisccrated in accordance with ancient form and usage. Grand Mars/in/. — In tiie name of the Most Worsliijiful Grand Lodge of the State of New Hampshire, I now proclaim that the mon- ument here erected l)y the city of Manchester has this day been found square, level, and plumb, true and trusty, and consecrated according to the ancient forms of Masons. This proclamation is made from the East, the We--^?, the South, — Once (trumpet), Twice (trumpet twice), Thbice (trumpet thrice). All interested will take due notice thereof. 90 THE DEDICATION. POEM WRITTEN FOR THE OCCASION BY MRS. B. F. DAME. Wander back, O tide of memory, To that unforgotten year, When throughout our mighty countiy Passed a sudden thrill of fear; For the threatened blow had fallen, And a nation bowed its head, While the war-cloud, darker growing. Filled our waiting hearts with dread. For we knew that fierce and deadly Must the bitter struggle be; That 'twould fill our land with sadness From the prairies to the sea. Sturdy North and fiery South land! Swaying pine and sunny palm ! Brothers, — each against the other Stretching forth the strong right arm ! Those were days of wild excitement That the startled j)eople saw; Eager groups, expectant, waited For each message from the war; While the bells in town and hamlet. Pealing forth the first war-chimes, Loudly clanged from tower and belfry. In those anxious, troubled times. How the loyal hearts responded To the call for volunteers I From the farm-house and the city. Throwing to the winds their fears. Came that patriot band heroic, — Stalwart men and youths so brave, — Marching forth to find, if need be, Prison-pen or nameless grave. Up among our hills and valleys Came the summons far and wide, THE DEDICATION. 91 To oiir own fair inland city, By the Merrimack's flowing tide. Did she leave the call unheeded? Turn her back upon the fight? Was old Derrjrfield a laggard In the cause of truth and right? See upon our streets the veterans, Once so strong to do and dare, Crippled forms and pallid faces, — We can find our answer there! We can find it in yon valley. Where, in many a grassy bed. Sleep the brave whose names are written On the roll-call of the dead. There's no need to tell the story Tliat we've known so long and well ' But our blood will pulse yet quicker. And our loyal hearts will swell, Half with pride, and half with sadness, At the memory of that day When our fond farewells were spoken, And our soldiers marched away. In his grave beside the river Slept our own beloved Stark ; And it seemed as if the war-cry, Piercing to his grave so dark, Alight arouse the grand old hero, Lying there so still and calm, So he'd wake, and don his armor. At the shrill notes of alarm I But he stirred not from his slumber, — Though his blessing seemed to rest. Like a calm, inspiring presence, III each gallant soldier's breast. 92 THE DEDICATION. As they marched away to battle, With a purpose stern and high Stamped upon the earnest featiires, Mirrored from the glancing eye. Proudly did we scan the record Of their bravery day by day; Sadly did we hear the tidings, Wafted often from the fray, That another cherished hero, In the battle stricken down, Waiting not for earthly laurels, Had received a martyr's crown. Manfully they fought and bravely, — Boys of ours who wore the blue, — Though their hearts were in the Northland, Where the clear, cool breezes blew. In their dreams they saw loved faces. True and tender as of yore, And the old, familiar places, They might look on nevermore ; Saw the pines and chestnuts waving On the old New Hampshire hills, And the scarlet cardinal flowers Growing down beside the rills; Saw the grim old Uncanoonucs, Rising upward in their pride, — Nearer still, the well-known river. Sweeping onward, deep and wide. So the months and years sped onward. Till at last a message came Flying o'er the mystic wires. Welcome to all hearts the same ; For it said, " The war is over I " ' And there rose from shore to shore THE DEDICATION. One united strain exultant, " War is ended I Peace once more I " Years have passed ; they're not forgotten, • They who sleep in Southern graven, They who on the sea fought nobly, Lying now beneath the waves; Nor the deay a firm and impartial administration of law. This is the spirit of our liistory, and tiie sentiment of this day's service. To realize the full significance of tliis occasion, we must appreiiend clearly who they were, and wliat tliey did, whose record we wotdd here lift to [wrpetual emulation. This vast assembly of the people, and of the soldiery of tlie State, liave not gathered to this solemn act of consecration to dedicate this votive column and thcs^e silent figures to any single exemplification of extraordinary virtues or deeds. Wo would hand down to the grateful remembrance of posterity our citizen dead, wlio fell in tlie discharge of their supreme duty to the State. In Europe, public grounds and public buildings are peopled with statues of men who have illustrated the art, the literature, the power, and tiie statesmanship of their country. The eloquent memorials of England's eminent dead stand l)enoiit]i tlie pillared arches of the old abliey at Westminster. The asiies of the iron Duke and of the great Nelson repose in the crypt of St. Paul, and the sunlight falls upon the tomb of Raphael through the floating dome of the rantheon. Sometimes tlie world repudiates its obligations to its living teachers, but, with such splendid paraphernalia of sorrow, it pays its dclit to its dead masters. But here, beneath this older and loftier dome of the* heavens, we rear a simpler and more fitting monument to the gallant sons of the people, who rest from their laiiors in shallow battle- trenches or bencatli the blood-dyed waters of the sea. This impressive conception of the genius of loyalty, so exquisitely realized by the hand 102 THE DEDICATION. of art, must henceforth be a teacher and an inspiration of popular patriotism. The imposing structure, commemorative of the invincible fortitude and sublime devotion of a i)coi>le who willed that their flag should be the emblem of a free, united, and sovereign government, will henceforth be more precious and inspiring than the mausoleum of Taj Mahal, or the temple-tomb " on the banks of the Seine." The soldiers of our civil war represented the capacity, skill, and moral courage of an intelligent people, — not the blind, unconscious mechanism of ignorant masses, trained to the support of arbitrary power. They submitted to the discipline of war with a clear appre- hension of its significance and terrible reality. Theirs was a voluntary sacrifice for the maintenance, in its entirety, of a system of society, labor, and government, having its origin, support, and end in the people. The men whom we honor would never have accepted the gage of battle for plunder or dominion ; never to support the claims of a family, or to elevate a chieftain to imperial honors. They fought for the dynasty of the people. The conflict was inspired solely by the love of liberty and of country. All prejudices and passions were consumed in the intenser heat of popular patriotism. The loyal, of all creeds, stood side by side, and fell together, for the integrity and glory of the republic. We dedicate this monument, therefore, to the triumph of popular power in the defense of the rigiits of man. It is the spirit of this sentiment, descending through the century from Lexington and Bunker Hill, that imparts to this work an inspiration above the ordinary testimonia of war, and will make this day memorable in the proud annals of the State. The events which we recall speak not simply of political rights, as laid down in our primal declaration, but of the political capacity of men, and the philosophy of all history is in harmony with the lesson here taught. The prophetic utterances of genius are not as wise and safe as the average judgment of an educated Christian people. Those may ojien to our vision glimpses of marvelous possibilities, but these THE DEDICATION. 103 direct and coin|)el tlie conservative niarcli of civil liistory. Science eliminates uncertainty from a wide range of probabilities, imposing an exact ratio upon accidents and deaths even : so the individual opinions and desires of an intelligent community reduce to a body of public sentiment, fluctuating with intellectual and moral culture, which is the controlling force of modern society. This enlightened pul)lic judgment, rather than the desires and opinions of leaders, is becoming more and more the i>aramount influence in public affairs. In peaceful times the astute may measurably direct this potentiality by cunning devices, i)ut it controls the larger and permanent movements of society, and, in great crises, sunders its puny restraints and works its will. Those material interests and experiences, those popular senti- ments and passions, which lie below the plane of special remark, or are so universal as to attract but little observation, if traced downward to their results, will be found to give tendency and character to national history. We i)oast of arts and policies which we fondly believe mold the pulilic will, liut it is a delusion. In the final analysis, it is the pulilic will which shapes our plans and schemes, and it is he who lays his hand upon those springs of activity that lie back in the obscurities of society, who makes an abiding impress upon the civilization of his time. It is not the adroit or the roaring jiolitician, but the man who awakens and directs the intellectual and business activities of a nation, who is the architect of its fortune. This social fact linds illustration in the plienomena of nature. We think less of the supreme and constant force of gravity which sustains the marvelous functions and order of the universe, than of the exceptional tempest that scatters a fleet, or of the flaming meteor which dazzles for a moment and is gone forever. 80 in civil life, we are inconsiderate or unconscious of the master forces that gather silently and work unseen in the public mind, till, in the great crisis of national exjKsrience, they assert their power and sweep away our cherished theories and fancied defenses. Whenever the foreign or domestic jwlicy of England stagnates her 104 THE DEDICATION. commerce or manufactures, the clamor of parties is silenced by the voice of the nation demanding reform, and a ministry is swept away like thistle-down in the blasts of autumn. For thi-ee-quarters of a century our statesmen agitated society with questions of prerogative, antagonized local institutions, pandered to the prejudices of race, and invoked to their aid tlie passions of politics ; but, beneath it all, there was a steady, consistent growth of popular patriotism, which insured the permanent unity of the republic, and the ultimate haruiony of its social and industrial institutions. The public treasury was exhausted to increase, by purchase or conquest, the area of slaveiy ; but free- labor, by its intrinsic force, advanced its numbers and its resources upon the slave-power, till its triumph was assured. Those ultimate truths and those interests of labor which are the basis of human rights, are an overmatch for the skill of the masters of state-craft, and determine the increase of wealth, population, enterprise, and the other forces which prevail in the antagonisms of the state. Our late war was elemental in its character. It was a conflict between an earlier and a later civilization ; between the right of a democracy and the right of an aristocracy to govern, under the con- stitution. The people conquered, and we enroll the names of the rank and file upon our votive tablets, for immortality, in recognition of their achievements, and in the faith that their work will stand. The representatives and organs of power and opinion may become feeble, pusillanimous, and time-serving, but the vigilance and courage of the nation, wliich established in war. will maintain in peace, the rights of all against the arts and the audacity of a class. We must not allow an unmanly solicitude of the future to emasculate our accustomed vigor and enterprise. " The brains are out" of the old issues, if they are not dead, and we should not suffer their unquiet ghosts to '' push us from our stools." Slavery and State sovereignty have been relegated to the realm of the " lost arts," and there they must rest, however unwillingly, without hope of resurrection. The living and prospective interests of North and South, East and West, are in harmony. THE DKniCATION. -J 05 WluMi tlie pride of exploded opinions and tlie old war-cries of party sliall have l)cen silenced in the irrave of the antc-l>cllnni politicians, tiic new generation will recognize and maintain tliat sovereignty of tlie Union which is essential to the development and defense of the highest welfare of all sections. The foreshadowed destiny of the nation can only he imperiled iiy the loss of popular intclliu-cnco and morality. Nations have prescrihed paths along which they arc impelled t)y unseen hnt resistless forces. Political perturi)ations will threaten and disturi), hut cannot arrest or throw them from their orbits. There will ho angry declamation and heated party conflicts ; legislative assemblies will sni)ordinate great interests of state to political machinations, in the effort to forestall popular action liy artificial issues and embittered local antagonisms ; jiacked conventions will frame the differentia of party into extravagant and lying platforms, wliicli magnify trifles into themes of national and jiermancnt import- ance ; the scandals, jealousies, and quarrels of statesmen, destined to an early oblivion, will l)e made to figure in current literature : the jiress will fatten and fester with frauds and failures, crimes and misfortunes : but all these, and countless other things that have present paramount importance, cannot baflle, cannot seriously divert, the underflowing historic drift of national affairs. We may Ihj so absorlicd by the activities and illusions in which we participate, as to be as uncon.scious of this larger movement as of our planetary motions; but the moral instincts and social interests of society are, under God, stronger than the tricks and flaws of daily life, and determine the direction and force of civil history. This is the river whose ceaseless flow bears foiward the divine purposes to their ordained consum- mation. The events we are contemplating arc a signal illustration of the futility of the most stupendous efl'orts of selfishness, guided by an enginery of su|>erlative skill, to arrest this primum mobile, by whose resistless. all-t>nibracing motion our per.sonal and social activities are subordinated to the great final destinies of life. 14 106 THE DEDICATION. By the confession of the honored leaders of secession, the govern- ment was beneficent, impartial, and prosperous, without an historic parallel. The war was not, therefore, the offspring of oppression, but of a deliberate effort to withdraw the States cultivated by slave-labor from the jui'isdiction of the national government, and to organize them into a separate confederation, based upon that institution for its protection. The attem|>t was justified on the old plea of State sover- eignty under the constitution, and the consequent legal right to with- draw and institute a government that would conserve their local interests. Congress pronounced this interpretation of the organic law false, and its practical execution treasonal)le. The slave-power rebelled against the enforcement of the law within the disaffected territory, and hurled upon the nation all the horrors of civil war. This was the inception of the crime. Its record may be traced in tax-burdened industries, and myriad graves, that make us kindred, by sad and tender ties, to the very soil we tread. I will not trace the bloody details through the gloomy years of suffering and sorrow which followed. All that military skill and invincible courage could do, the South did to achieve success ; but they were vanquished by the lofty devotion and masculine heroism of men inspired by the spirit of a more liberal and Christian patriotism. The splendid issue lifted fi'om slavery, to all rights of citizenship, a people more numerous by a million than our whole population at the birth of the republic. It vindicated the sovereignty of the national government and perpetuated the unity of the States. This is what they did whom we this day honor. Battles are the bloody footprints of jirogress. Civilization passed through the gates of Janus, and intrenched itself upon a higher position at Marathon, on the plains of Al)raham, and at the decisive conflict at Yorktown. Gettysburg will yet be recognized as equally conclusive ; but the new order will be reluctantly accepted, and only thoroughly established with those intellectual and moral changes which will be effected l)y time. A social state which makes one class THE DEDICATION. 107 the masters of another, demoralizes the niliiif? elass. It begets in them an impression of original superiority, and an arrogance, im|K;riousnesa, violence, and l>arl)arism of manner, which the courts liness of conscious authority cannot compensate. They feel entitled to special privileges and exemptions which are incompatible with a (juiet and healthful discharge of the duties of citizenship, under a government of equal rights and responsibilities. They must be lords of the state, as of the family, or they chafe under the restraints of impartial law, and jdot for a primacy which the state forbids. This unconscious contempt of human rights and sen8il)ilities is inevitable in those who dominate a degratled and dependent race. All such arbitrary habits, born of the old dispensation, will slowly but surely disapjiear under the new regime. Common influences and interests will assimilate our whole |x)pulatioii in haliits and feelings, and they will come to cherish the same ol)jects of pride and aspiration. This will be the future cement of the state, and the .source of its united strength and glory. The day is not far distant, 1 apprehend, when the South, cipially with tlie North, will perceive that they builded better than they knew. The war, inaugurated to protect a system of servile lal)or against the encroachments of an aggressive civilization, has, under God, destroyed the liondage to a dcliasing social creed that t)cnumbed all thrift and enterprise, has cast off the scales which hid from their eyes the boundless resources of their soil and climate, the splendid possibilities of theii' indented coast, and the unconscious capacity of brain and nuisclc which the Mandragora of slavery has held in a lethargy for centuries. Hencffurth, industries will multi|)ly and be invigorated in tho.sc prolific fields of the sun. Skilled labor will siipplenient tlie wealth of the cotton-field with the products of the loom, and export the finishcil fabrics fnuii hoiue-|)orts into all the markets of the worhl. A population of larger intelligence and more inventive enterprise will arise, and, undisturbed by the brood- ing dread of servile insurrecfion haunting the imagination with a fi.\ed but undefinctl apprehension of ini|icnding horrors doatined to l)urst 108 THE DEDICATION. in fiendish fury wlien the suppressed ])assi()ns of the slave shall spring in vengeance on his oppressor, will create a new and grander South on the ruins of the old. But the signal achievement of the war was the triumph of nation- ality and the maintenance of the union of the States. lu the sur- render of these, our history would have proved a stupendous and dis- graceful failure. A republic without supreme power within the range of its duties, would be liivc a planetary system with no central orb to command and harmonize its motions. It would have but a brief and disordered life, and would rush madly into wreck and chaos. A gov- ernment without sovereignty would be absurd if it were not impos- sible. " Sovereignty," says the autocrat minister of the German empire," can only be a unit and it must remain a unit, — the sover- eignty of law." Each State must be supreme within itsj-ange, and the national power within its, or each would be impotent for purposes of government. Just as individuals surrender a portion of their original rights for the organization of the States, so, to preserve har- mony in the interaction, and the supremacy of law in the controversies, of the States, to unify their interest and consolidate their power, and so secure consideration in the conduct of foreign affairs, all the States voluntarily conceded, for the creation of a supreme central head, powers which they otherwise would have separately wielded ; and the State can no more recall from the nation that delegated authority, or henceforth exercise it, than the individual can withdraw the natural rights which he has conceded to the State. If it were pos- sible for the individual to set up his jirivate judgment as ultimate against the authority of tlie State, and nullify its laws ; if it were possible for him to withdraw, at pleasure, the natural rights sur- rendered in the creation of government, the State might be resolved into its original elements, and the confusion, disorder, and violence of nature restored. So, if disgruntled States of the Union can right- fully set up such a claim, the national government of the fatliers is an unsubstantial shadow, to be dissolved apace liy the strains of THE DEDICATION. 109 faction into janini: anil lielligc^iont segments of power, always armed, always at war, and always destructive of social progress and tlie hopes of [teaceful labor. Governments arc made for immortality, and can only be overthrown by successful revolution. The doctrine of State sovereignty, which was the pretext of tin; war, involves, necessai'ily, the dissolution of the Union. The industrial and political mission of the coimtry, foreshadowed in the events of its first century, can only be realized in the Union. Let the tie which binds the States into a federal government 1)C sundered, and the work of disintegration will go forward till the broad ilomain, now secure and prosperous beneath the honored ensign of the republic, will Itecomc a tangled and viperous knot of j)etty governments, too feeble to command the respect or fear of foreign nations, and yet sufficient to awaken their cupidity and ambition ; unsettled and exasperated Ijoundarics, iiristling with forts and custom- houses, will destroy the freedom of intercourse and trade, so essential to the intelligence and prosperity of kindred peoples; the outlets to the navigable streams, which vein and utilize our prolific interior, will be closed ; burdensome taxes, levied to support the complicated machinery of jealous and jarring nationalities, will grind down the population to the condition of ignorant and thriftless serfdom ; standing armies, — drones in peace and destroyers in war, — in derogation of all the just ends of government, will be (]uartered u|)on each fragment of the nation, necessitating the degradation of woman by the exhaust- ing toils of the field and the vulgar association of the market. Divided, and, if not absorliecl in detail by Kuro|)ean powers for aggrandizement or prolit, we shunld 1)0 compelled to sulunit to their selfish restrictions upon commercial intercourse and meddlesome intervention in American affairs; but, united, the great republic is master of the continent, and can dictate its policy in the interest of an enlightened and cquital>lc interpretation of the law of nations, anelli<)n. by slave-masters, against the general principles of eijuality and the right to freedom, which were made to justify the first. A century before, the fathers of the belligerents in the civil war battled side by side through the revolution for the establishment of government upon inalienable truths subversive of arbitrary [wwer. The rebellion was an attempt to destroy that government, in order to peri»etuate arbi- trary power over an enslaved people. It would have rolled back the record of progress info barbarism, to reluiild. within the disunited 112 THE DEDICATION. repulilic, civil institutions on tlie theory of an inequality of political rights between the races. Thus civil liberty, as a principle, in its purest and proudest exemplification, was assailed and must be rescued; for in its surrender here, where society was free from the deflections of a false political philosophy and the shackles of power, the hopes of mankind would pass into an eclipse. But this tide of affairs lifted also, into the recognition of the world, the right of free governments to perpetuate their existence and authority against an attempt, of any part of their subjects, by other than constitutional methods, to limit the existence or extent of their jurisdiction, without cause involving the rights of man. The majesty and sovereignty of law were in direct grapple with passion and cupidity. Law is the eldest offspring of revelation, and its supremacy is the mastery of justice. To have sustained the empire of law, in its deadliest encounter with the lust of gain, will be adjudged, in the tribunal of history, among the grandest and divinest triumphs in the ainials of war. Battles and sacrifices, in such a cause, are the laVwrs of civilization, in which ideas that have l)cen slowly forming in the womb of thought come to the birth of practical life, and their progenitors are enrolled among the immortals by the acclaim of posterity. The conservation of democratic institutions here was in the interest of popular rights everywhere. Thus the war was a link in the great chain of events that mark the progress of civil society. The soldiery of New England were not blind instruments, minister- ing to a 7-ecklcss ambition. When they left the ])eaccful pursuits and tender associations of home for the hazards of war, tliey I'calized, intelligently and clearly, that the ])crils of their government involved issues that were not temporary and local, but universal and lasting. There had been no usurpation of power, no violation of the ])rovisions and compromises of the original compact, no ine(piality in the admin- istration of law, no public disorders, hard.shi])s, or insecui'ities, to justify revolution, it was a bold and wanton endeavor to bailie the THE I)i:i)/CATIOy. 118 steady advance of the spirit of liiiertv upon tlie intrenL-linienta of slavery. Every resonrce, l>nt dissolution, liad been exhausted in vain, to stay its march, and the shivot-raey finally determined to destroy the civil frame-work, reared l>y the irreat architects of the repul)lic. The heritage and memories and lijooti of a common ancestry were set at nauirht to [lerpctnate tlie profits and luxuries of unpaid labor. It was :iii undisguised conflict between prescriptive injustice, pregnant with untold woes, and tho.se natural rights that infold the liest hopes of the race. We stood in defense of the old landmarks, which the fathers set to define and secure the civil inheritance which tliey had purchased for us with incrcdilile toil and sutTering. We were under a solemn ol)ligation to defend and transmit our estate of lilicrties. It was a filial service we rendered in preserving for our cliildreii tlic old flag undimined in its clTulgcnce by the loss of a star. But, as an exhibition of pliysical prowess, the contention was mag- nificent. Botii armies fought for their convictions with a relentless- ness of valor unsurpassed, 'riie pursuit of wealth lias not emasculated the American people. Tlieir eyes have not grown dim nor their nat- ural force aliated in a century of prosperity. The Ijraciiig influence of great enterprises, the success assured to vigorous and persistent effort, the excitements, activities, and antagonisms of business and politics, have permeated the masses and stimulated the popular faculties and temperament into the highest activity. To these, the difl'usion of knowledge, the daily discussion in press and social intercourse of the profoundcst questions of national policy, the conduct of comprehensive and responsible pursuits, and the constant contemplation of high, intellectual, and moral themes, have added the forces which build up and disciitline a people into tlie strongest and loftiest type of manly and womanly character. The cam|)aigns of the war and subsequent financial achievements have revealed to the world a strength and integrity worthy of the ancient mold of men. In no secticm of the Union has the courage of the American degenerated, and if there is to be re|mdiation, it will 114 THE DEDICATION. he found elsewhere than in States educated to liabits of personal industry. We love to linger upon the compensations that relieved the desola- tions and bereavements of the fratricidal strife. Let us revert in thoiisiht to the call of our mart3'red President to arms. The drill and paraphernalia of war were unknown to our people. The skill of labor and the genius of trade had been the instruments of their ambitionsi and triumphs. The)' were familiar with the song of the reaper and the music of the loom, not with the blare of the trumpet and the clangor of arms. But cast your eyes to the hills and plains, and what miracle do you behold ? See the flower and beauty of our man- hood, in whose bosom the spring of life is blossoming, in whose eyes is the glow of years to come ! Lingering only for the tender embrace, the kiss, and the blessing of home, they move, as at the voice of God, to the red fields of carnage. How transcendent and glorious is the sight I Whose heart does not swell and throb as the gleaming cohorts pass, as if touched by the breath of the invisible? It is not the reckless, brutal dash of maddened ignorance, but the fixed passion of a calm judgment, that leads them to the altar of patriotism. Living or dying, tliey have sworn the republic shall survive. It is one of those supreme epochs in the interr vals of ages, in which Providence marshals tlie divinest elements in man for the triumph of his purposes, and the American people are found, as Pericles said of the Athenians, " greater by experience than by report." Such events discipline and ennoble nations. They who fell in tliat cause, " were not born to die ;" and you who survive were consecrated, in that baptism of l)lood, to whatever is highest, purest, and holiest among the duties of your generation. You fought in a sacred cause. History furnishes no instance of a purer and loftier devotion to principle, none of a sacrifice of life in the interests of humanity more unselfish, none of a heroism more transcendent and godlike. To-day tiie past comes back upon our memories with all its crushing THE DKUICATION. lift defeats and its glorious victories. \Vc see tlioiii in tlie silent idvouac beneath flie sentinel stars; we listen to the rhythmic footfall of their advancing hripades ; we see their hroken ranks reeling through the dead and dying from tiie >hock of battle: we hear their shout of triumph when the field is won. The curtain falls upon the tragedy of blood ! Hut where are the fiery spirits that went forth with firm resolves and flaunting banners to the work of death ? A part, foot-weary, weather-stained, and battle- grimed, are filing through the capital with tattered ensigns and trailing arms, to be mustered back to the trancjuil duties and thrifty ways of citizenship. These are our scarred veterans, f!od bless them I May the gratitude and honors of the country they have saved attend them till their dust mingles with its soil ! But, alas I of that mighty host of the sons of the rcjiublic, there was an army of the dead that will never return. " On fame's eternal camping-ground 'J'heir silent tents are spread. And glory guards with solemn round The bivouac of the dead." This seed of the loyal has been planted in the fields of rciiellion, and will bear fruit in the centuries to conic. The blood of the North and the South has mingled in this conflict of political principles ; may it nourish no root of bitterness, but may there henceforth be a union of adections and labors to advance and perpetuate the dignity and grand- cur of their common country I Peace must prevail within our borders, or we shall fail to touch the highest attainable reach of social prosperity and national power. I?ut peace is conditioned ujioii a unity of interpretation of the fundamental law. Ilannony, without the mutual confidence of the jKiiMilations of the different sections, and a common effort for the reign of law, is iin|M)ssiblc. The compromises of the past were only respites for fiercer struggles to come. Forced by our allegiance to the constitu- tion, and the demamls of the divine law, we accepted the hated 116 THE DEDICATION. alternative of war, and, by a sweep of resistless power, exorcised from the national councils the old demon of perpetual unrest, and estab- lished, by the logic of force, that construction of the constitution which the "great expounder" had based upon the logic of reason. This or nothing was the result of the war. and it must stand as the irreversible policy of the future, or tlie republic, in some coming gen- eration, must feel again the rock and roll of a civil earthquake more terrific than the last ; nay, must stagger, and jjerhaps perish, beneath the bolts of the avenging wrath of heaven. I protest, therefore, in the name of the dead and the peace of posterity, that the issues adju- dicated in honorable warfare shall not be raised again like unquiet ghosts into the arena of politics to disturb tlie peace and prosperity of the nation. We honor the valor and manliness of the South, and will respect her rights. We demand the same and no more. On that platform we can stand together and against the world. The substan- tial interests of botli sections arc one, and henceforth their union should be cordial and inseparable. In tlie fi'atorual emulations of business, and the healthful rivalries of honorable politics, we nuist labor for the purity, power, and glory of tlie republic. The old hearthstone is broad enough for all, and our household gods are worthy of our worship. History tells us that AVtemisia dissolved and drank the ashes of her dead husband, and built to his memoiy a monument, called the mau- soleum, from his name, so magnificent as to be deemed one of the wonders of tiie world. We dedicate Ibis uionnmental group, more precious than the touib of the illustiiijus king, to our honored dead, and we would have our children and our childnsn's children drink their spiiit till it shall be transmuted into their own. The generation that surrendered its treasures and its sous lor the salvation and the glory of the federal government, dedicates these memorials, that they may tell to after ages the price of liberty, and perpetuate the spirit of its defenders. Witii a voice moie intelligible and more impressive than that of Meninon, may their dumb mouths THE DEDICATION. 117 repeat in the cars of posterity, witli every rising sun, the stirring appeal of tlie great Athenian : " Ponder tiiis, that your forefatliers erected tiiese, not tliat yon may view and admire them only, hut that you may imitate also the iieroic virtues of the men who reared them." We feel a special tenderness for our native State. We love its granite hills and the pure streams that ripjile and laugh through its valleys ; we liave a just pride in its wealth of great names, its distin- guished scholars and statesmen, its champions and martyrs of liberty. But there is a profouuder love, and a more compreliensive patriotism, than this, that throbs in the heart of every loyal American. The i^tate is l)ut a unit of that organic and august whole, our country, in whose destiny is involved the welfare and power of each memlier. The bright exanii>les and splendid achievements of the nation must remain ours to emulate *• The whole land is the sepulchre of illus- trious men," and their hallowed dust, not less than their works and their fame, are the common treasure of all. Union and equal rights are the enduring sentiment that will be breathed from these mute lips of bronze, and look down from the (i.\ed gaze of her that crowns the shaft, upon all who may stand by these waters, and throng these busy thoroughfares, in the years to conie. This is your pharos, who.se light will guiilc the patriotism of your children. But time will extinguish even this. The beacons which we kindle u|ion1he high places of history will fade, and the chiseled rock crum- ble ; but the intellectual and moral life evolved by the freedom of the State, will transmit the linenments of the national spirit in imperish- able forms of thought. These tokens of universal bereavement are but material symbols of innuaterial forces, whose permanent mani- festations are law and liteiature, executive power and spiritual vitality. When the sculptured marbles, the gorgeous temples, and the nolilest monuinents which a jiroud and grateful country can raise, shall have coni|(lcted their short-lived immortality, these will still snivive, — the inextinguishable lights of a Christian conimonwealth. 118 THE DEDICATION. THE ADDRESS OF GOV. HEAD. Mr. President and Fellow- Citizens, — After the eloquent address to which we liave listened from the orator of the day, it seems quite superfluous that I should say a single word; but the dedication of this monument is an occasion of so much interest to all our people, and especially to myself, holding the position which I did during the rebellion, as adjutant^general of the State, that I cannot refrain from giving expression, in obedience to your invitation, to some thoughts in regard to the heroism and fidelity of the soldiers and the people of the North, even during tlie darkest hours of the country's history. Wiien the first cannon sound of the slave-holders' attack upon tlic Union reverberated along the shores of South Carolina, every patriotic American heart instinctively sprung to the defense of the govern- ment ; and when our sons and brothers fell upon the battle-field, or found a resting-place in the wretched prison-pens of tiie South ; when defeat, disaster, and humiliation overtook, for a time, our untrained and impulsive armies ; when tears and sorrow entered so many of our liomes ; wlien Southern valor and Northern sympathy for treason appeared to be in the ascendant, — even then the fires of patriotic faith and civic purpose burned brightly in our New England homes, and the courage, devotion, and heroism of our armies, instead of abat- ing, grew more and more intense ; and even when the bullet of the assassin smote down tlie leader of our cause, our noble, .self-sacri- ficing President, filling our hearts with grief and the land witli gloom, tlien our patriotic army remained true to their purpose, and from every Ipyal American dwelling went up prayers and earnest supplication for the success of the right. For tiieir noble deeds of valor, for their devotion to the principles of freedom, for their unwavering determination to preserve the Union in its full integrity and to protect the government from the machina- tions and treasonable designs of its enemies, the army of the North ciiallcnged our admiration, our gratitude, and our applause. And those of you, brave men, who returned from the terrible fields THE DEDICATION. 119 of strife where so many of yonr conirndes pave up life for country, Itc assured tliat a jrrateful people will ever hold your naui(\s and y(jur deeds in remeuibraiice. Thank God ! the days of strife have passed from our land ; tlic crimson tide has ceased to flow ; the havoc and the horrors of the battle-field have come to an end, and prosperous |)eacc greets us on every hand. The bitterness eiifrendered by suffering, the hates and revenges created by the hardships of war, liave well-nigh passed away, and we are looking hopefully forward to the time when full and unipialified allegiance to the constitution and the (lag will be manifested ity every citizen of our common country ; when the terrible wrongs inflicted by those who sought to break up the govern- ment will be, as far as possible, atoned for by a cheerful submission to law, and a willing obedience to the sovereign power of the national administration ; when sectional discord will come to an end ; when the war of races will cease, and peace, harmony, and Lf(jo(l-will throughout the entire land prevail. And while we would endeavor to forgivetliose who struck a blow at the very life of onr government, it is natural that on such a day as this we should wander back in recollection of the scenes of former times, and that the toils, the sufferings, and the achievements of the camp, the march, and the battle-field should vividly appear to our minds, calling up reminiscences that had well-nigh esca|)ed the memory. Those of you, soldiers, who participated in the active events of the war, need not be remindeil of what you sutVered during those dreadful years; and to-day, doubtless, you wjll all recall instances of personal l)raverj and sublime patriotism that have not yet been recorded. Could a history of the noble deeds of the |)ri- vates in our army be written, what a grand volume would it be ! Could even a faithful sketch be given of the patriotic impulses that controlled the thoughts and nerved the arm of the brave men in whose memory this monument has been erected, as they unflinchingly met death for their country and their fellow-men, how our hearts 120 THE DEDICATION. would be stirred at tlio recital, and onr love for the old fine strength- ened and intensified ! But this day is one of commemoration, — a day set apart to do honor to those of the army who have passed away from the strifes of this world to the rest, that, for all true men, is beyond this life. Surely it is proper that they should be rcmembci'ed by their comrades, as well as by all for whom they fought and died. And this beautiful monument, the generous gift of the citizens of tlie city of Manchester, is erected in honor of their loyalty and devotion to the government under which they lived. For us and country they gave up home, friends, and life itself. Let us see to it that their memories are embalmed, and their deeds of valor indelibly impressed upon our hearts ; and thus shall we constantly renew our allegiance to country, and strengthen our own patriotism, by a recollection of their sufferings and heroic achievements. Brave and noble men, — they are gone from us forever, except in memory. When their lives went out, many a hearthstone was shrouded in gloom, many a family circle was plunged in untold agony : but comfort comes to us in the thought that they died not in vain ; but that, through their achievements and the achievements of their comrades, the grandest, freest nation on earth was rescued from overthrow, and the glorious principles of con- stitutional freedom were preserved for us and for future generations. Heaven bless our heroic dead ! and may their memories ever be to us an inspiration and an incentive to the faithful discharge of every duty of life ; and especially may the association of their deeds lead us to a higher and better appreciation of our responsibilities as citizens of the republic, than we could possibly have felt had it not been for their loyalty and sacrifices. Brief and eloquent remarks were made l)y Governors Garcelon and Van Zandt, and the benediction pronounced by Rev. E. G. Selden. At the close of the ceremonies, the guests, including the Grand Army of the Republic and veteran soldiers, were escorted to City Hall and the hall in Towae's block, in each of whicli a banquet was spread by Mr. J. Dooling of Boston. THE DEDICATION. 121 The visiting Knights Templars were lian(|uctcd at Smyth's Hall, iiy Trinity Coinmandry ; the Grand Lodge at Masonic Hall ; the Grand Lodge and Grand Encampment. Independent Order of Odd Fellows, at Odd Fellows' Hall : the Knights of Pythias at Pythian Hall ; the State Grange at Mirror Hall ; the First Regiment New Hamj)- shire National Gnard entertained at Camp Livcrmore, as gnests of the regiment, the llansoiu (Jnards and lumd of St. Allians, Vt., Col. T. S. Peck and staff of Vermont, Brig.-Gen. Joseph M. Clongh, commanding National (Jnard of New Hampshire, and full staff. ILLUMINATIONS AND EVENINl! CONCERT. In the evening there was a grand display of colored firi'S and illu- minations on Merrimack square, furnished from the lahoratory of C. E. Masten, Boston. Urilliant signal fires of dilVerent colors were burned continuou.sly at the foiir corners of the square, while four lights were focused on the monument, alternating white, red, green, and yellow fires, |iroducing a wonderfully beautiful effect. The climax was reached by the illumination of the western margin of the pond by colored lance fires, along three hundred feet of wire suspended in the air. From eight to ten o'clock the American IJand of Providence, D. W. Reeves, leader, gave a grand concert, the following programme lieing rendered : — 1. March. " Ideal" Reeves. •2. Overture, " Zampa " Herold. :t. Oanse der Stall Wilson. •1. Selections, " Pinafore " ....... Sullivan. r>. Euphonium Solo, "Serenade, " Mr. Harry Wliitlier . Chapelle. 6. Medley Overture. — Songs of the day ..... Reeves. 7. Cornet Duet, Messrs. Church and Nickerson .... Parlow. s. War Memories, — A day in c.imp, 1803 ..... Reeves. !•. Piccolo Solo, — " The Wren," Mr. Fred Paalcy .... Damare. 10. Finale, — "Bum-Bum" Parlow. FINAL PROCEEDINGS. FINAL PROCEEDINGS. At the rcfrular nicctiiip of tho city };;ovcinnient, Oct. 7. 1870, the following losolntion wus olTcrctl hy Connciliuaii Carl C. Slicpard, and passed unaniiuoiisly : — The city of Manchester, recognizing the snccessful and creditable manner in whicli the dedication of her soldiers' monument was accomplished on the eleventh of September last, fully appreciating the earnest and unqualified approval which her citizens have given to the undertaking, and observing with pride and satisfaction the highly complimentary style in which the public have been pleased to refer to the ceremonies of the day. deems it proper to place on record an expression of her grateful acknowledgment of the honorable and patriotic sen'ices of the many mili- tary and civic organizations wliich participated in the grand procession, of the very able and efficient managers and executive oifficers of the day, and the eminent and gifted gentlemen whose culture and patriotism found expression in a matchless oration and eloquent and interesting addresses ; therefore, Re.inlved, That the thanks of the city of Manchester be hereby extended to — The Hon. .Tames W. Patterson, Orator ; The Hon. Daniel Clark. President of the Day; The Rev. E. G. Selden, Chaplain ; Mrs. B. F. D.ime, for her beautiful and appropriate poem ; The Grand Army of the Republic. Col. George Rowers, Department Commander ; The Grand Lodge of Free anil Accepted Masons of tlie State of New Hampshire, Solon A. Carter, Grand Master ; Mijnr H. H. Huso, Chief Marshal, .and his corps of assistants ; The visiting city governments ; 326 FINAL PROCEEDINGS. And all organizations, military and civic, which by their presence did honor to the occasion. In Board of Common Council, Oct. 7, 1879. Passed. JOHN W. WHITTLE, President. In Board of Mayor and Aldermen, Oct. 7, 1879. Passed in concurrence. JOHN L. KELLY, Mayor. \