.^^ -^^^ /^"i^Th "^ ■■■. ,->' ^t^J^^ ^. i^- ^ '•■ 'X>V>*5== a.V .. " .0 N ^^v Digitized iDy the I nferrfet Archive in 2010 with funding from The Library of Congress xxV-p ' ' htt^//wwNV^^archivaQr^detail§/hfstoryoffl5^ttitLiQ'^ erav EEy. CHAELES EDMISTON CKAYEN. I A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK, LONG ISLAND, R Y. BY REV. CHARLES E. CRAVEN. ^^^n^" PUBLISHED FOR THE AUTHOR. LIBRARY nfOONQRESS Two CopiRv Keoeived DEC 2^ 1906 COPY A, Copyright, 1906, By CHARLES E. CRAVEN. All Rights Reserved. PREFACE. Mattituck is one of the oldest of the second genera- tion of villages in Suffolk County, New York. The first generation included the original town settlements : South- old and Southampton in 1640, East Hampton in 1648, Shelter Island in 1652, Huntington in 1653, Smithtown about the same time and Brookhaven in 1655, The sec- ond generation .of villages comprises the earliest settle- ments apart from the town centres. The villages of the first generation, holding the town records, have had their history more or less fully written, but the villages of the second generation, whose story is much harder to search out, have found few historians. The writer taking charge of the old Mattituck Church in the latter part of 1895 became interested in the history of the village and its church. In 1898 a history of the church was prepared and publicly read on Thanksgiving Day. In the preparation of that history much material came to hand relating to the village but not specifically to the church and much genealogical information was acquired. The publication of the history of the church was therefore delayed that it might become a part of a larger and more comprehensive work. Much time has been devoted to research — much more time and labor than will appear to the casual reader. The O PREFACE. Southold Town Records, both the printed and the writ- ten, have been studied with care, and many days have been spent delving in the records in the offices of the County Clerk and Surrogate and in the Surrogate's office in New York City. Such ancient documents as could be found in the keeping of the families of the village, wills, deeds, diaries, letters, scrap-books and other rec- ords, have been diligently sought out. Such time as the author could find amid his regular duties, for seven or eight years past, has been spent in this research. Some- times for months together this work has been pushed aside, and many good friends waiting for the promised history of their native village have suffered trial of their patience. Not only the obligation of the promise, how- ever, but personal interest and pleasure in the work have stimulated the writer to devote such time to it as was available. It is believed that the historical and genealogical statements in the work are accurate. Little or no reli- ance has been placed in tradition, for tradition in many instances where it was possible to test it by original docu- ments has been found singularly inaccurate and mislead- ing. In matters of genealogy care has been taken to dis- tinguish between probability and ascertained fact, for the author has been convinced repeatedly that the most plausible genealogical conjecture is liable to be upset by a fuller knowledge of facts. Frequent inquiries for information from the inscrip- tions in the ancient burying-ground and from the regis- ters of the Mattituck and Aquebogue (Jamesport) Churches make it plain that the appended lists of Bap- tisms, Marriages and Deaths and of Inscriptions from PREFACE. the Mattituck Burying-Ground will meet a widespread want, giving valuable genealogical material relating to many widely scattered families. In transcribing the parish records the peculiar orthography of the originals has been strictly followed except in the case of a few familiar names such as Israel, Nathaniel, and Temper- ance, where some strange habits of the Rev. Benjamin Goldsmith have been corrected. In transcribing the names and dates from the stones in the burying-ground the family names have been arranged alphabetically. In cases where there are many graves of the same family name the several branches of the family have been grouped separately as far as possible. In the column headed "Age" the date of birth is given, or the age at death, according to the inscription. In this column three figures separated by dashes, as 60—6—26, indicate years, months and days. When old and new style dates are both inscribed on monuments the new style is followed The location of each grave is given in the column marked "Grave." In this column the letters designate the rows of graves in alphabetical order from east to west. The num- bers indicate the distance in feet from the grave-stone to the north fence. Thus "G98" locates the stone of Mr- Jacob Aldrich in the seventh row west of the Presby- terian Church, ninety-eight feet from the north fence. In this column "Mid" signifies the middle portion of the grave yard, lying between the original burying-ground and Bethany Cemetery. In the middle ground the let- ters indicate the rows from east to west and the numerals indicate the number of feet from the path lying between the old and middle grounds. In the transcription of the records from the register and the stones the author has 8 PREFACE. made occasional notes, which are invariably inclosed in brackets. Thanks are due to many friends whose interest and helpfulness have made this book possible. Mr. William Y. Fithian, the Town Clerk of Southold, has shown great courtesy to the author, who has had frequent occasion to visit his office. To Surrogate Joseph M. Belford and his clerk, Mr, Robert W. Duvall, the author is indebted for valuable aid and kindly consideration. Mr. William F, Flanagan, Assistant Coimty Clerk, has shown both ability and readiness to grant practical assistance and his kindness is highly appreciated. The author is greatly indebted to William Wallace Tooker, Esq., of Sag Har- bor, N. Y., and to the Rev. Joseph Anderson of Water- bury, Conn., both acknowledged authorities in Indian lore, who have given valuable aid in the interpretation of Indian names. All sons of Mattituck who read this book wall be grateful for the courtesy of Mr. William S. Pelle- treau in permitting the author to copy the muster roll of Capt. Paul Reeve's Company of Minute Men from the History of Long Island published in 1903 by the Lewis Publishing Company. Especial acknowledgment is due to Mr. Frank M. Lupton of New York. As a loyal son of Mattituck he 'has shown interest in his native village in many substan- tial ways, and to help forward the publication of this village history he has made available the complete re- sources of his printing house and besides this has given his personal supervision to the printing, illustration and manufacture of the book, all without charge beyond the actual cost. Not resting satisfied with thus reducing the cost to a minimum Mr. Lupton has joined with the trus- PREFACE. 9 tees of the Mattituck Presbyterian Church, Messrs. Charles Gildersleeve, Benjamin C. Kirkup, Nathaniel S. Tuthill, Conrad Grabie, John G. Reeve and Henry J. Reeve, in assuming the entire expense for the manufac- ture of the book. The overwhelming generosity of these gentlemen deeply touches the author and for it he makes grateful acknowledgment. While realizing that love for Mattituck and a desire to preserve her history in perma- nent and fitting form account in part for this generous action he cannot fail to see and to value the unmistakable indication of good-will toward the historian. Owing to this kind and practical interest the book is published in T^etter form than would have been possible otherwise and the author is relieved from the anxiety attending a doubt- iul ventufe. The hope is cherished that this book will fill satisfac- torily its own place and need. It will preserve the an- nals of the village and the old church, and it is fondly lioped that it may help to bind the hearts of the scattered -sons and daughters of Mattituck still more closely to the ■old home place and that it may have influence in con- serving the best elements of the character and marked individuality of the village, for there is no other village just like it. Mattituck is destined to outgrow the limits of the past in population, wealth and importance, but she must not outgrow her best traditions. A greater Matti- tuck let her become, but ever the same old Mattituck. Charles E. Craven. Sept. 20th, 1906. CONTENTS. PAGE Chapter I. The Beginning of Mattituck 13 Chapter II. The Occupation of the Land 33 Chapter III. The Earliest Settlers 66 Chapter IV. The Founding of the Church 86 Chapter V. Mattituck in Revolutionary Times. 119 Chapter VI. Parish History from Revolutionary Times to 1845 150 Chapter VII. Church History from 1845 to the Present Time 174 Chapter VIII. Mattituck Before the Railroad 194 Chapter IX. Modern Mattituck 222 Parish Registers of Mattituck and Aquebogue 252 Mattituck Parish Burying-Ground 357 Index 397 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. CHAPTER I. THE BEGINNING OF MATTITUCK. Mattituck is a village in the Town of Southold^ County of Suffolk, State of New York. It lies between Long Island Sound and the Great Peconic Bay, near the eastern end of Long Island. It is about twenty-five miles west of Orient Point and eighty-three miles east of New York, on the main line of the Long Island Rail- road. It covers eight or nine square miles, the Sound and Bay being three miles apart on the north and south, and the neighboring villages, Cutchogue and Laurel, be- ing about three miles apart on the east and west. The Mattituck Creek, or Bay, is an estuary of irregular form extending inland from the Sound two miles toward the south and having several arms of considerable length reaching towards the east and west. Near the head of this Bay is the centre of the village, where the ancient highway from Orient Point and Southold divides, the north road extending through Wading River, Port Jef- ferson, Setauket and the villages along the north shore of Long Island, the south road passing through River- head and the central portion of the island. The popula- tion of Mattituck is about 1,200, largely of Puritan descent. 14 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. The band of colonists who set out from New Haven in 1640 and settled Southold in Long Island soon ac- quired "all that tract of land scituate lying and being at the Eastward end of Long Island and bounded with the River called in the English toung the Weading Kreek, in the Indian toung Pauquaconsuk, on the West, To and with Plum Island on the East, . . . with the Sound called the North Sea on the North, and with a River or arme of the Sea . . . on ye South, . ^ . together with ... all necks of lands meadows Islands, . . . rivers Kreeks with timber, woods and woodlands, fishing foouling, hunting, and all other com- modities whatsoever unto the said tract of land and Iseland belonging, ... as Corchaug and Matta- tuck, and all other tracts of land." This description of the ancient boundaries of Southold Town is quoted from an Indian Deed of 1665,* wherein forty-three Indians confirmed the Town's right to the several tracts involved which had been previously "purchased, procured and paid for of the Sachems and Indians our Auncestors." The original deed for the tract known to the Indians as Mattatuck is preserved in the records of Brookhaven Town,f and runs as follows: These presents witness that Uxsquepassem, otherwise called the paummis Sachem, together with his three brothers, viz: Weewacup, Nowconneey, Neesant- QUAGGUS^ for and [in] consideration of two fathome of wampum, one iron pott, six coats, ten knives, fower hooks and forty needles payd into their hands at the ensealing hereof, have granted, bargained and sold unto ♦Southold Printed Records, Vol. II., p. 6. tBrookhaven Printed Records, "Vol. I., p. 76. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 1 5 Mr. Theophilus Eaton, Governor of the jurisdiction ■of Newhaven, and to Mr. Steven Goodyeare, Deputy Governor for and in behalf e of the jurisdictions, all that land lying between Corchake and Ucquebaak, commonly called Mattatuck, or what name or names soever it be called, bounded on the East with the creek Conegums and the way leading thenc to Mattatuck pond, for the drawing over of their Canooes; and on the South with the great coo, and on the North with the Sea, and west- ward to Ucquebaak and beyond, So far as his right or any of theirs do extend, provided that he may enjoy the privilidges of his Ancestors, namely, the skins of such Dear as are taken by the Indians in the waters and the Indian . Canoes drawn upon the shore, to have and to hold all that tract of land as before expressed, with the creeks, meddowes, uplands, and all their appertenances to the said Theophilus Eaton and Stephen Goodyeare, Esquires, in behalfe of the jurisdictions to them, their heirs and assigns, with Warrantie against the aforesaid Paummiss Sachem and his three . brothers and there hayres and assignes, and all, every other person what- soever claiming any right or title, by or under them, in or to all or any the above specified, or any parcel thereof. In witness whereof the aforesaid Usquepassum, Week- wacup, Noweonney and Neesantequaggus have sett their hands and scales the one and twenty of March, 1648. Sealed and delivered Hamaiam Pom, in the presence of us, deceased grantee. Jo YONGS, UXSQUEPASSUM, Sam Youngs Weekwacup, Josh Parker Noweonney, Neesantequaggus. l6 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. This interesting deed conveyed Mattatuck to Gov^ Eaton as the representative of the New Haven Colony.. The Colony strictly enforced at that time a law forbid- ding private purchase of land from Indians. The Col- ony of course held the land for the benefit of the South- old Plantation. Ten years later, at a General Court in New Haven,*^ May 26th, 1658, "The Deputies of Southold propounded ye desires of their towne to repurchase of ye jurisdic- tion a pcell [parcel] of land called Mattatock and Akka- bawke, wch ye court considering, by vote declared, that they paying 7 li. in good pay, ye said land is theires, wch was accepted by their deputies." The two South- old deputies that year were Thomas Moore and Barna- bas Horton, both of whom are represented by lineal descendants in "Mattatock" today. The seven poimds were paid the next year "in wampom." The Mattatuck that was thus sold to the New Haven Colony by the Indians and then by the Colony to the people of Southold lay between Corchake (Cutchogue) and Acquebaak (Aquebogue) and covered the western half of the present village of Mattituck. It extended from the Sound to Peconic Bay and from the Creek Conegums and the Indian Canoe Path on the east to an indefinite western boundary. The Indian name- "Conegums" means "a boundary place," and the creek so called by the Indians is doubtless Reeve's Creek (sometimes called James' Creek) opening into the Bay a little east of the Bay Road. The "Mattituck Pond" of the Indian deed is Mattituck Creek. It is occasion- "New Haven Colonial Records, Vol. II., p. 233. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 17 ally called Mattituck Pond in the early Southold rec- ords.* The Canoe Path, along which the Indians trans- ported their canoes from creek to creek, leaving the head of Reeve's Creek (then "Conegums") passed a few rods east of the ninth mile-stone from Riverhead, followed the line of the hedge in the rear of the Meth- odist Episcopal parsonage and the other lots on the THE COVE. The boats along the shore are near the Indian Canoe Place. west side of Pacific street and crossing the north road followed the line now dividing the Donovan property from Mr. Edward S Horton until it reached the shore of Mattituck Creek, f This portage at Mattituck, to- *SouthoId Printed Records, Vol. I., p. 61, p. 108. fThe Canoe Path or Canoe Place at Mattituck is commonly supposed to have followed the line of Love Lane, passing l8 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. gether with the corresponding one on the south side of Peconic Bay at the place still known as Canoe Place, gave the Indians a much traveled through route from the Sound to the Shinnecock and Great South Bays. The Shinnecock Canal now takes the place of the port- age on the south side, and it is proposed to cut a canal at Mattituck, opening up for navigation the very route frequented by the Indians hundreds of years ago. This project is feasible and will undoubtedly be carried out some day. Its utility would be considerable from a commercial standpoint and its strategic advantages for coast defence, opening up a remarkable system of in- terior water-ways for torpedo craft and small gun boats,, would be of great value. The meaning of the Indian name Mattatuck as ap- plied to this region is difficult to determine. The names of the adjacent districts present no difficulties. Cutch- ogue is Kehtchi-aiike, "the principal place," the district in which the Indian village and fort were located. Aque- bogue is Ucque-haug, "the head of the bay." Peconic is Pehikkonnk, "the little plantation." Mattatuck is made up of an adjectival part, Matta, and a substantive part, tuck. The hick may stand either for tugk, "wood,"' "tree," or for tuk, a "tidal river" or "estuary." Both were commonly written tuck by the colonists in tran- scribing Indian names, the deep guttural of the Indian through the present centre of the village. Mr. J. Wickham Case, in a note in Southold Printed Records, Vol. I., p. 108, says that it "was about where the hotel now stands." This is one of the few errors in Mr. Case's remarkably accurate and luminous notes. The Canoe Place beca;n^.e-'an important bound- ary line and its position is established- bfy transfers of adjacent property. - .-- - ■ ',,,- .p!.,ir A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. UJ tugk being difficult for English ears and tongues. Spell- ing was far from an exact science in those days, and Indian names were sadly maltreated and often rendered unrecognizable in the effort to reproduce them in Eng- lish letters. For this reason also it is difficult to decide the value of Matta, or Matti, as the first part of the name was often rendered in the early records. There was a Mattatuck in Connecticut (now Waterbury), which Trumbull* renders "a place without wood, or badly wooded," taking the name to stand for Matuh' tugk. This would not seem a satisfactory description of the Long Island Mattituck, which was undoubtedly as heavily wooded as any adjacent land. To substitute tuk for higk and make it "the bad creek" would seem likewise unsatisfactory for the Mattituck Creek is the finest and largest creek in this region. Mr. W. S. Pel- letreau has suggested that matta is a corruption of the Indian massa, "great," and Mattatuck, for Ma^satiik, means "the great creek." The writer is inclined to ac- cept this derivation, which as Mr. Pelletreau remarks "is amply proven by the geographical features of the place." The substitution of matta for massa is not un- exampled according to Trumbull, f The difficulty in the way of positively accepting this explanation is that the t is persistent wherever the name of Mattatuck is found in ancient records. There is not one known in- stance of the spelling Massatiick. On this account Mr. Wm. Wallace Tooker, recognized as the leading au- thority on Indian Names of Long Island, rejects this interpretation. It may be suggested, however, that the ♦Indian Names in Connecticut, p. 27. tibid., p. 26.. 20 .A HISTORY OF MATTITUCX. existence of a Maftatuck in Connecticut might easily have misled the white settlers. They were for the most part ignorant of the language of the Indians and meet- ing a new name Massatiick would probably have iden- tified it with the familiar Maftatuck. Another interesting name for Mattituck is Nabia- chage, which Mr. Wm. Wallace Tooker defines as "the place of the divided hills." This is a peculiarly appro- priate name for Mattituck Creek, passing as it does be- tween high hills on either side. It is a name little used, however, by the white settlers, appearing in the records only once so far as the writer has discovered. This one reference is in the will of the first Thomas Mapes, who leaves to his son Jabez, "all my land* at Nabiachage or Mattituck houses with all the meadow adjoining to it." The final age in this name stands for aiike, "place," the same as the final syllable of Cutchogue (Kehtchi-auke). The woodland at Mattituck was held in common by the people of Southold until 1661 when it was divided among individual proprietors and in 1662 the actual settlement of the place began. But the meadow lands were allotted as soon as the district was made over to the Town by New Haven. This appears from entries in the early records like the following record of land of William Furrier :f "All that parcell of meadowe, fresh and salt lying next the Canoe Place att Mattituck of late years in his possession beinge and to him given by the Towne at their meetinge held the eight and twentieth of *This did not refer to Mapes' Neck, on which the first Thomas Mapes never resided, but to property which is now part of the estate of Charles W. Wickham.- tSouthold Printed Records, Vol. I., p. 47. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 21 October 1658." This was the extensive meadow land lying to the east of Reeve's or Cone gums Creek. Hor- ton's Creek derives its name from the fact that Barna- bas Horton became the owner of the meadow beside it and probably Brush's Creek takes its name from Thomas Brush for a similar reason though Brush failed to record the ownership. The "Great Meadow" lying west of the present village of New Suffolk was divided early into a great number of small holdings from one to four acres each. These meadow lands, though mostly salt, were esteemed very valuable and the salt hay or "creek thatch" was cut from them regularly. The woodland was comparatively useless, requiring years to clear it and bring it under cultivation, and for a long time a few acres of salt meadow were counted more valuable than a hundred acres of woodland. This fact, that the mead- ows were allotted earlier than the upland or when not allotted were held in common as a most valuable posses- sion, accounts for the curious circumstance that to this day many small patches of meadow, now regarded as of little or no value, are held by others than the owners of the adjoining upland.* And there are many old rights of way recorded in ancient deeds whereby owners of meadows were enabled to cart their "creek thatch" across adjacent farms. The only hay that the early set- tlers used was this that they cut from the meadows, un- less occasionally a ship-load was imported from the *For instance, Dec. 1st, 1686, "It was given and granted by- vote that Thomas Terrill and Theophilus Corwin should have a scertain parcell of creek thatch Lieing in common * * * adjoining to the eastward side of James Reeve his neck of up Land at Mattetuck."— Liber D, Town Records. 22 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. mother country. This explains the term "English hay" that is sometimes used to this day to designate the crops that are sown and harvested on the upland hay-fields. For many years the meadow lands about Mattituck Creek were held in common and the right to cut the creek thatch was sold to individuals year after year. Entries like this appear in the town books : "Oct. 1725. William Coleman, Dr. for the common creek thatch at Matetuck, 10 shilHngs, 3 pence." "Sept i, 1724. Gershom Terry Jur. for Matetuck creek thatch (22^ shears was kept back for Lt. Winds rights) 17 shillings, Yz pence." "May 4, 1731. Lt. Thomas Reeve for Matetuck creek thatch, 4 shillings 4 pence." The busy farmers today have no time to waste in cutting creek thatch, but in their boyhood it was considered im- portant. The following sentence from a conveyance of a hundred years ago illustrates the importance of this item. In an instrument conveying a hundred and fifty acres of land there is added, "Also a piece of meadow lying in Mattituck Creek, said to cut three loads of hay, west of Thomas Reeve's springs, surrounded by water." Since these meadow lands were used from the first it was necessary to cut the main highways through the wood-land of the town to give access to them, as well as to reach the neighboring towns of Southampton and Brookhaven. Doubtless very soon after 1640 the high- way was laid out from Southold village westward through Mattituck to the head of Peconic Bay (now Riverhead) there to meet a highway laid out at the same time from Southampton. This was at first known as the highway to Southampton. The Brookhaven settlement at Setauket was made in 1655 and the "Setacut Road" A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 23 was probably opened as soon thereafter as possible from Mattituck. The highway through Mattituck lay to the south of the fresh water pond now known as Marra- tooka Lake until 1710 when it was changed to its pres- ent position. The account of the changing of the highway is re- corded in Liber A, p. 142, of Suffolk County Deeds, and runs as follows : "Whereas there was an Act of ye Govern't Councill and Representatives of the Colony of N Yorke made in ye 2d year of ye reigne of our sovereigne Lady Anne by ye grace of God of England &c Queen Defendr of ye faith &c for ye laying out Regulating clearing and pre- serving publick common hygh ways throughout ye sd Colony And it was thereby Enacted that Commission- ers to put ye sd Act in Execution according to ye true intent and meaning of ye same were nominated and ap- pointed for ye Respective Countyes in ye sd Colony vizt For ye County of Suffolke Mr. John Tuthill senr Lieut Joseph Peirson and Thomas Helme, which sd Commis- sioners have layd out and ascertained ye Publick com- mon high wayes within ye sd County of Suffolke as followeth : . . . "The Highway from Peaconnuck river to Southold to be in ye usuall road from ye sd river to Mattatucke already layd out four poles wide at ye least, ye trees generally marked on ye south side of ye way, and at Mattatucke ye highway to be on ye north side of ye pond and soe directly leading to ye old road to ye town of Southold. . . . "The high way from ye towne of Southold to ye westward farms on ye northside to be ye usuall road to ^4 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK.- Mattatucke and see on ye northside of ye pond in ye' way lately marked out to ye usuall road leading to Rich- ard Howells and from thence in ye usual road to ye' beach and so on ye beach to ye fresh pond and to ye place called ye wading river." The second year of Queen Anne was 1703. The date of the report of the finished work is July 25, 1710. It was fifty years before this, shortly after' the Restoration and early in the reign of Charles II., that Mattituck was opened for actual settlement. The exact line of the highway south of the pond be- fore 1710 is difficult to determine but certain known facts establish definite points upon it. The road now south of the pond in front of the houses of George B. Reeve and Charles W. Wickham is certainly a part of the ancient highway. Certain wills and deeds relating to the Corwin property south of the present highway also fix the farm house of James J. Kirkup as a point on the old highway. This is a modern house, but it stands where 2d Theophilus Corwin lived, and died in 1762 in his eighty- fourth year, and where his father, ist Theophilus, son of the original Matthias, probably lived before him. Samuel, son of 2d Theophilus, dwelt a few rods west of his father near the Corwin property line. The place where Samuel Corwin's house stood is still discernible, a slight hollow surrounded by a ridge where the foundation stood, close to bars in the fence dividing the lands of James J. Kirkup and Charles W. Wickham. These two houses undoubtedly stood on the ancient highwa)'^, which passed through the place marked by the modern bars, followed a track still plain and to some extent used, circling around the corner of Chas. W. THE NORTH ROAD. 26 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. Wickham's orchard past the north end of the hemlock hedge into the road that runs along the east side of the pond. This line is confirmed by several early transfers of Corwin property. One in particular may be found on p. 518 of Vol. II. of Southold Printed Records. This is a deed of 1782 and is remarkable for giving measure- ments and courses of property lines : something uncom- mon in deeds of that time. This deed conveys about 45 acres of the Theophilus Corwin property from John and Elizabeth (Mapes) Case to John Corwin, Jr. It men- tions the house of the widow Hannah Harvey, which was the house of her father, 2d Theophilus, and gives measurements which led the writer to look for traces of the Samuel Corwin house and the old highway about fifty-five or sixty rods from the present highway with gratifying results. ' . East of James J. Kirkup's house the old highway crossed the farm of Philip W. Tuthill and probably reached the present highway not far west of Manor hill. There is little to guide one in determining the course of the old highway west of the pond. It may have followed the hne of Reeve Place or it may have crossed the ath- letic grounds and the school lot. It must have reached the present highway east of the point where it branches! into the north and south roads. | , At a Town Meeting held Nov. 20, 1661,* "It was then agreed and confirmed by a major vote that all com- on lands att Oysterponds [Orient], Curchaug,f Occa- *Southold Printed Records, Vol. I., p. 350. tCorchaug and Occabauck is the spelling of the names of these districts in the list of proprietors, Vol. I., p. 352, but each Town Recorder and every writer of deeds had his own method A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 2/ bauck and Mattatuck should be surveyed, and layed out to every man his due proporcon in each place as it was then agreed: Vidlt: "Oysterponnd Lands into ffortie small lots to such persons only as have given in their names for these divi- dends : — Curchaug bounds from the Townes antient bounds to the Canoe place at Mattituck. Also into fforty small lotts to those p'sons only as likewise have given in their names in writeinge for the same — and Occabauck and the rest of Mattituck lands from the said cannoe place as far as the Towne had any rights to bee divided accordinge to fforty smaull lotts, also and to remayne to such p'sons as in like manner had given in theire names in writeinge to bee the soule proprietors thereof — yet not withstanding, all the said severall parcells of Land from east to west were still to remayne in comon as for- merly in respect of feedinge the herbage that should grow thereon, save'g such only out thereof as should bee ymproved by them and fenced from the comon Land." The Town's "antient bounds" extended "From Toms Creek east to Puckquashineck west."* "Puckquashineck" is what we know as Pequash Neck, now the property of the Fleets. This neck then belonged to the first Wm. Wells, and was the westernmost holding included in the old bounds. The settlers believing that the time was come to lengthen their cords and strengthen their stakes, determined to divide all the outlying common land, en- or variety of methods of spelling these names. Th^ writer has noted thirty or forty ways of spelling each, ranging from Cachauk to Cautchchaug, and from Occobacfc or Accobatik to Hauquebauge. -. *SouthoId Printed Records, Vol. I., p. 146. " ' 28 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. couraging settlement in the outlying districts, at the same time wisely providing that the allotted land should con- tinue to be used for the common pasturage of cattle until it was actually fenced and improved. It seemed con- venient to make three great divisions of the land to be allotted. One of these, east of the settlement and ex- tending to Orient Point, they called the Oysterponds Dividend. The much larger district lying westward they marked out as the Corchaug Dividend, extending from William Wells' Puckquashineck* to the Canoe Place at Mattituck, and the Occabauck Dividend extending from the Canoe Place westward. This Occabauck Dividend, as actually laid out, did not include all the land "as far as the Towne had any rights to bee divided" as was first proposed. It extended only so far as the present village of Riverhead. This was afterwards known as the First Division in Occabauck and later smaller divisions or divi- dends known as the Second and Third were allotted, ex- tending all the way to the Wading River, that separated Southold from Brookhaven town. Thus it will be seen the name Mattituck was lost for a time as the designa- tion of an extended district. "The Canoe Place at Matti- tuck" became merely the dividing line between Corchaug and Occabauck. For many years thereafter property was described as lying in Corchaug or Occabauck, with the names of the adjacent owners east and west. Con- sidering that Corchaug was about three and a half miles *Puckquashineck, for Pequa-shinne-auke, meaning "open level land," has become Pequash Neck. This is one of the frequent instances where similarity of sound has led to the substitution of an English word for an Indian syllable of en- tirely different meaning. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 29 in extent and the First Division in Occabauck about nine miles, it will be seen that it is a difficult matter to locate precisely the lands mentioned in the old records and con- veyances, requiring much careful study. Gradually the name Mattituck reasserted itself and a lot of land would be occasionally described as lying in the parish or village of Mattituck, but this did not become a common practice until recent times. The new deeds usually repeated the descriptions of the old and as late as fifty years ago Mat- tituck property was frequently described as lying in Cutchogue or Aquebogue in Southold Town. In 1661, when these three great divisions of common lands were ordered, there were fifty-one heads of fami- lies in Southold entitled to share in the allotment. Their rights or shares were in proportion to their services and payments in the establishm.ent of the Town and probably also to the size of their families. The Southold Records do not state definitely the basis of apportionment. The basis was probably the same, however, as in the New Haven Colony, and in New Haven* "Itt was agreed that every planter in the towne shall have a proportion of land according to the proportion of estate wch he hath given in, and number of heads in his famyly." In the three divisions there were 122 lots or shares divided between these fifty-one individuals, some having one lot, some as many as six or eight. Each man gave in his name in writing, making choice between the three divisions. Some men had lots in two dividends, none in all three. The men in each of the three "squadrons" drew lots for choice of lands within the dividends. One *New Haven Colonial Records, Vol. I., p. 27. 30 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. having right to two or three or more lots usually selected lots adjoining, but this was not a uniform practice. There were sixteen owners and forty lots in Oyster- ponds, twenty-one owners and forty-four lots in Cor- chaug and nineteen owners and thirty-eight lots in Occa- bauck. The Corchaug owners were as follows : ^William Wells 3 lots Barnabas Horton 3 " *William Furrier 3 " Barnabas Wynes, Sr 2 " Barnabas Wynes, Jun 2 " *John Elton 3 " *Jeremiah Vale 3 " Richard Terry 2 " ^Thomas Reeves 2 " Robert Smyth i " *John Booth 2 " * John Corwin 3 " *Samuel King i " ^Joseph Youngs, Jun i " Richard Benjamin 2 " Thomas Alapes 3 " Thomas Brush i " *Ph'ilemon Dickeson 2 " Benjamin Horton 2 " Widow Cooper 3 " Thomas Terrv i " *Those whose names are marked with the asterisk above selected lots lying between Manor Hill and the Riverhead Town line. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 31 The Occabauck owners were as follows : William Wells 3 lots John Budd 4 *John Swasey 4 Joseph Horton . 3 *John Tuthill 3 John Tucker 2 ^Thomas Mapes 2 Barnabas Horton 2 John Conckelyne, Jun. ...... 2 Widow Cooper 2 * William Halliock 2 Barnabas Wynes, Sen i Richard Terry i Thomas Terry i Edward Petty 2 ^Richard Clarke i Samuell King i Joseph Sutton i Henry Case i The Occabauck lots were large, extending from Sound to Bay, forty rods wide, each containing two hundred and fifty acres or more. Contrary to the prevalent belief the Curchaug lots did not extend from Sound to Bay, but were divided bv the King's Highway. The lots north of the highway were about thirty rods wide on the road, most of them tapering towards the Sound, and embraced from one *Those whose names are marked with the asterisk above selected lots lying between Manor Hill and the Riverhead Town line. ^2 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. hundred to one hundred and twenty acres each. South of the highway the Corchaug land lies in six large "necks" separated from each other by creeks opening from the Bay. These, in order from east to west, are Poole's Neck, Robin's Island Neck, Corchaug Neck, Fort Neck, Pessapunck Neck and Reeve's Neck. Poole's Neck became the property of William Wells, and is now- owned by the Fleet family, his lineal descendants. Rob- in's Island Neck, now the site of the village of New Suffolk and of much of the village of Cutchogue, fell to John Booth. The Corchaug and Fort Necks had been divided before 1661 into many 20-acre lots. These two necks were the home ground of the Indians in the vicin- ity. On the one was their village and on the other a stockade or fort where the women and children were guarded in time of conflict with hostile tribes. A hollow in the ground, some three or four rods across, sur- rounded by traces of a circular embankment still marks the site of this fort on the eastern side of the neck, near the creek that separates it from Robin's Island Neck. The settlers found these necks already cleared for the most part, and this arable land amid the adjoining stretches of unbroken forest was very precious. For many years a twenty acre lot in this "Old Indian Field" or "Corchaug Broad Field," as it was called, was more valuable than hundreds of acres of woodland. These lots frequently changed hands by way of sale or ex- change, and early in the i8th century were owned chiefly by members of the Horton family, who also held a number of lots across the highway in the North Divi- dend. CHAPTER II. THE OCCUPATION OF THE LAND. In the preceding chapter a brief account has been given of the earhest ownership of the first four necks in the Corchaug South Dividend. We come nov^ to the two necks that He within the village of Mattituck, namely, Pessapuncke Neck and Reeve's Neck. A much fuller account of the ownership and settlement of these is now to be given. The Pessapuncke Neck was allotted in the division of 1661 to John Booth and the great neck (Reeve's) between the Pessapuncke and the Canoe Place was chosen as the three lots of William Purrier. Purrier already held the meadow on the western border of this neck, and his choice of land was probably influ- enced by that circumstance. The Pessapuncke neck takes its name from the lo- cation upon it of an Indian "sweating place" somewhere near the water. The Pessapuncke was the Indians' Turkish bath. Roger Williams says of it, in his "Key to Languages in America," "This Hot-house is a kind of a little cell or cave, six or eight foot over, round, made on the side of a hill (commonly by some Rivulet or Brooke) into this frequently the men enter after they have exceedingly heated it with store of wood, laid up on a heap of stones in the middle. When they have taken out the fire the stones keep still a great heat. Ten^ 34 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. twelve, twenty, more or lesse_, enter at once starke naked, leaving their coats, small breeches (or aprons) at the doore, with one to keepe all ; here do they sit round these hot stones an houre or more, taking tobacco, dis- coursing and sweating together; which sweating they use for two ends ; First, to cleanse their skins ; Secondly, to purge their bodies, which doubtlesse is a great means of preserving them, and recovering them from diseases, .especially from the French disease, which by sweating and some potions they perfectly and speedily cure : when they come forth (which is a matter of admiration) I have seen them runne (Summer and Winter) into the brookes to coole them, without the least hurt." The.. Pessapuncke Neck property, falling to John Booth, extended on the highway from Manor Hill until it adjoined the land of William Furrier at the east line of Philip W. Tuthill's property. The Hill now known as Manor Hill was at first called Booth's Hill and so for a hundred years or more. The name "Manor Hill" came into- use after the purchase of "the Manor" about the year 1735. The Manor* was the name given to a large tract near Booth's Hill, extending from highway *The use of the name "Manor," to designate a tract of land held in common by a number of proprietors, early became familiar in this region, though it is a peculiar use of a word that properly signifies the estate on which stands the mansion of a lord or other noble personage. This peculiar usage perhaps arose in this way: The Manor of St. George, now part of Brookhaven Town, was patented to Col. Wm. Smith, in 1693. In 1721 twenty men of Southold Town, chiefly Mattituck men, bought a large tract of six or seven thousand acres from Col. Smith's son, and this tract was held by them and their heirs in common until it was divided in 1793. These owners referred to this as their "Manor land," and so "Manor land" came to mean land held in common by several proprietors. 36 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. to Sound, which was purchased by a number of pro- prietors and held by them in common and devoted to pas- turage. Booth sold the Pesapunck Neck to Thomas Giles^ merchant, in 1677, ^^^ Giles soon sold to the first David Gardiner of Gardiner's Island. Representatives of the Gardiner family lived on this valuable property for sev- eral generations. The farm then passed through several! hands until it came, about 1820, into the hands of Isaac Conckling, where he, and his son George L. after him,, resided for years. The land was long known as Gar- diner's Neck. In 1841 the western half was sold to- John Wells and is now the property of Henry Gilder- sleeve. The lower part of the eastern half was long- owned and farmed by D. W. Hall, and is now the beau- tiful country place of Mrs. Charity Mould, of Brooklyn^ William Furrier's property adjoining John Booth's^ standing for three lots, comprised something over four- hundred acres, extending on the highway from Booth's line to the Canoe Place considerably more than a mile. it will be remembered that the Canoe Place lay nearly- a quarter of a mile west of the present centre of the vil- lage. The northern boundary of Purrier's land west of the Church was not the Riverhead road, but the north- road. His property therefore embraced a triangle be- tween the two roads including the sites of the Presby- terian and Methodist Episcopal Churches and the bury- ing-ground and the properties fronting on both sides of Pacific Street. Purrier describes this land as follows :* "All that neck of Land as it Iveth betweene his meadowe *Southold. Printed Records, Vol. I., p. 48. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 37 at Mattituck and John Tuthill's meadow on the South- west side adjoyninge to the canoe place viddct where they drawe on the canoes into Mattituck Pond: — but- tinge in the Northwest on the Land of Joseph Youngs Junr Philemon Dickinson, Thomes Reeve and William Wells: a greate ffresh pond lying within the said lands •of the said William Purrier, Thomas Reeve and William Wells." Youngs, Dickerson, Reeve and Wells were MARRATOOKA LAKE. across the highway in the North Dividend. . The "greate ffresh pond" mentioned is the beautiful lake, covering, about sixty acres, to which Mr. Chas. W. Wickham. has given the euphonious name of Marratooka, calling his farm, which is part of the original Purrier property, ^'Marratooka Farm," sending far and wide the deserv- edly famous "Marratooka butter," and harvesting from the lake annually a fine crop of "Marratooka ice." When these lands were allotted the lake lay north of the highway. The transfer of the highway to the 38 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. north side of the lake, fifty years later, has been spoken of above. Probably the earlier route was at first selected because the lake was more accessible as a watering place from the south side. When the highway was transferred the adjoining land, if already cleared and built upon, re- mained in the possession of the occupant. In cases where the land next to the highway was not yet im- proved the boundary lines appear to have moved with the highway without damages paid to those whose prop- erties were curtailed or assessment upon those whose acres were increased. Thus very many acres of land in the midst of Mattituck which today are held at twelve or fifteen hundred dollars an acre were shifted from one owner to another as of little or no value. When Wil- liam Furrier died, in 1675, his "farme at Mattituck and the meadow at Accoboack" were assessed at one hun- dred pounds, and probably a large share of this was for the "meadow at Accoboack." Some idea of the value of the land may be derived from comparing it with other items in the same inventory. Ten oxen were appraised at £50 and twenty cows at about £40. That is, four hun- dred acres of Mattituck land already partly cleared and farmed and with a dwelling-house and barn, together with relatively valuable meadow land, was worth as much as twenty oxen or fifty cows. Consequently when the highway was transferred, the opposite owners hav- ing not yet erected dwellings beside the road, the Furrier estate was largely increased without cost. Furrier before his death placed his grandson James Reeve on the Mattituck farm, and dying made him his executor and chief heir. James Reeve and his descend- ants retained most of the great farm for several genera- A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 39 tions and also acquired much other vahiable property in the town. The old Reeve homestead stood until re- cent years a few rods west of the present residence of Charles W. Wickham. George B. Reeve, of the sixth generation from ist James Reeve, whose farm ex- tends from the lake to Peconic Bay, is one of the few men in Mattituck residing on ancestral property that has come down by direct inheritance from the original allot- ment of 1661. The adjoining farm to the west is owned by Miss Florence B. Reeve, daughter of the late Isaiah B. Reeve. She also, of the seventh generation from ist James Reeve, holds title handed down by will in un- broken succession. Let us cross the highway now and locate so much of the North Dividend in Corchaug as lay within the limits of modern Mattituck. As indicated in William Furrier's record, quoted above, Joseph Youngs, Jr., Fhilemon Dickerson, Thomas Reeve and Wm. Wells owned the lots or "ranges" extending from the highway to the Sound next east of Mattituck Creek, in the order named. Joseph Youngs, Jr., a son of Fastor John Youngs, se- lected the lot nearest the Creek. Youngs' is called in the Records a "first lot," Dickerson's and Reeve's were "second lots," and Wells' a "third lot." A first lot was a single lot, a second lot was two lots and a third was three lots. .A first, or single lot, was about thirty rods wide on the highway. Joseph Youngs' lot, being next to the Creek with its very irregular shore line, was of necessity much wider on the highway, extending indeed almost half a mile from the Canoe Fath to about the corner of Brown's or Wickham's Lane. Its east line kept closer to the north than Brown's Lane does, and 40 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. can be distinctly traced in the remains of an old hedge that appears just north of the Long Creek bridge, fol- lows the Howell Road to Wm. Robinson's place, then strikes through the woods and emerges on the North Road between the places of the late Joshua Terry and Thos. H. Reeve, passing along the east line of the Helfrich place, now the property of N-at. S. Tuthill. Joseph Youngs, Jr., never settled on this property, but dying early left it to his widow, Sarah, a daughter of 1st Barnabas Wines. Sarah sold this lot to her brother, 2d Barnabas Wines, in 1684. The deed of sale* is interesting on several accounts, especially because of the light it sheds on the relations of the Indians with the whites at that early day. An abstract of the deed fol- lows.' **Be it known unto ail men by these presents yt I, Sarah Yongs of Southold, ye relect weidow of Joseph Yongs leat of Southold aforesaid deceased, for the sum of thirty-six pounds ten shillings have demised granted and sould unto my well beloved [brother] Barnabas Wines, A certaine tract of Land lying and being at Mattatuck being a first lott in Cautchehaug devident con- taining one hundred and twelve acres more or less, bounded on the west side by the Mattatuck Creek — on the North by the North beach — on the east by a lott be- longing to Peter Dickerson, and on the South by the high road way, reserving onely the Indians right and in- trest therein for four yeares according to his agreement and bargain, and the yearly rent he is to pay for it I re- serve to myself." 2d Barnabas Wines had gone to Elizabethtown, N. J., *Southold Printed Records, Vol. I., p. 392. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 4I in 1665 ^"d there remained for some twenty years. He returned to Southold about the time of the purchase of this property from his sister, and it is probable that he took up his residence on the upper part of this tract. Dying in 1715 he left his "farm at Mattetuck" to his •eldest son, 3rd Barnabas. The will was drawn in 1708 and the lot at Mattatuck was already a farm. 3rd Bar- nabas ended his days, a very old man, in 1762 on his two-hundred acre farm next east of Alvah's Lane, a second lot chosen by his grandfather in 1661 and left in 1762 to Wines Osborn, grandson of 3rd Barnabas. But in his earlier years 3rd Barnabas occupied the farm next to the creek in Mattituck, and he was suc- ceeded there by his son, 4th Barnabas, The home- stead was isolated, being far from the highway, in the neighborhood of the present residence of Mrs. Joshua Terry. The deep hollow back of Mrs. Terry's house was known as "Ivy Hollow." Both 3rd and 4th Barnabas Wines while dwelling near the creek added a sea-faring life to their farming and captained sloops which plied between New York and Mattituck Creek. The upper part of this lot next to the Creek was held by the Wines family until after 1800 when it was sold, the family holding the lot further east, purchased by 4th Barnabas somewhere about 1725, on the lower part of which James H. Wines of the seventh genera- tion from 1st Barnabas now resides. The lower part of the lot next to the Creek was •early sold. In 1719* Joseph Goldsmith, blacksmith, pur- *Southold Printed Records, "Vol. II., p. 479. Mr. Case is mis- taken in his note here, locating this plot on the North Road "directly in front of the house of Joshua Terry." 42 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. chased from 3d Barnabas Wines eleven and a half acres on the highway, extending to the Creek. This was sub- stantially the Mattituck house property, extending far enough eastward to embrace the home of John C. Wells. The ground east of Mr. Wells' house is black with the traces of Blacksmith Goldsmith's forge of two hundred years ago. At the time of this sale Wines still held the strip of land toirhe" west extending to the Canoe Path, between the highway and the Creek. There are no conveyances recorded, but in course of time both the blacksmith's property and the land between it and the Canoe Path were in the hands of the Hubbard family, and some time before the revolutionary war John Hubbard was keeping' his tavern on the present site of the Mattituck house. By another transfer not recorded the land east of the blacksmith's purchase, extending from the highway to- Long Creek, was already in the possession of Deacon Thomas Reeve, and remained in his family until recent times. East of this first lot was the "second" (double) lot of Philemon Dickerson, east of this the double lot of Thomas Reeve, and east of this the "third" (triple) lot of William Wells. These three properties extended oil' the highway from the west side of Brown's or Wick- ham's Lane to H. B, Lupton's west line, a distance of about two hundred and thirty rods, which is slightly in excess of thirty rods for each of the seven single lots included. It is impossible to determine the partition lines with absolute certainty, but a careful study of all' available wills and deeds relating to these properties leads to the following conclusion : The Dickerson and A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 45 Reeve lots covered the B. S. Conklin, W. H. Pike and James Reeve (now Wm. Broderick) properties on the highway, two double lots of sixty rods each. The divi- sion between them ran midway in W. H. Pike's farm. The Wells "third lot" extended from Wm. Broderick's east line to H. B. Lupton's west, measuring some twenty- five rods in excess of the regular thirty rods for each single lot. Such irregularities in measurement were by no means uncommon. Thomas Mapes, the town sur- veyor, seems to have exercised a large discretion in lay- ing out the lots. Some are very scant and others very broad. William Wells was the largest land-holder in the town and if extra widths were coming to anybody they were coming to him. That the dividing line between Dickerson and Reeve should have passed through the middle of an old farm such as that of W. H. Pike seems improbable to one unacquainted with the facts, but presents no difficulties. when it is known that both these properties came very early into the hands of the Reeve family and were re- garded as one great tract. The line between them was never fenced and the two double lots were eventually divided into three large farms. The Dickersons never lived in Mattituck. Their lot passed by will to the sons of the second generation, and then by some unrecorded transfer the western half of it came into the hands of the Reeves. It has been seen that Deacon Thomas Reeve owned in 1719 much of the lower part of the lot next to the Creek. Even earlier he owned the whole of this great lot of the Dickersons. He built his house a few rods from the present residence of Bryant S. Conklin. He died there in 1761 at the age of 44 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. yy, was succeeded by his only son, Thomas, who died there in 1790. This Thomas was succeeded by his son Thomas, who, dying in 1823, left the upper half to his son Benjamin, and the lower half to his son Luther. Luther lived in the old homestead until his death in 1842 and was succeeded by his widow Elmyra who lived to be 86 years of age, dying in 1880. The widow El- myra Reeve and her son Thomas sold this land in many parcels ranging from i to 45 acres, about 1854 and 1855. Benjamin built him a house on the north road, and his grandson Thos, H. now lives on land^that has been occupied by his family for about two hundred years-. As early as 1788 the middle farm, on the southern €nd of which Wm. H. Pike lives, was in possession of Barnabas Terrell, Esq. His title cannot be traced, but presumably he inherited as a Reeve descendant for the first of the Terrells in Southold, Thomas, married Mary the daughter of ist Thomas Reeve. Barnabas Terrell, Esq., died in 1791 and appears to have been succeeded in ownership of the lower portion of this lot by his granddaughter Keziah (Horton) Reeve. She and her Tiusband, Deacon John Reeve, sold in 1805 to William H. Pike the grandfather of the present owner. The up- per portion has changed hands many times and has been divided into very small holdings, including the farms of Patrick Drum, Perry S. Robinson, John Muttit, Pat- rick McNulty and the late Michael Garvey. The eastern part of the Reeve lot was owned wholly •or in part by William Reeve, who died in 1696, a son of ist Thomas. This appears from a release given by Thomas Terrell in 1704 in the following terms : "These may certifie to all persons to whom It may come that I 46 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. Thomas Terell Mason doe acknolledge that William Revs desesed did formorlly purchas a pasell of saltte medow of me . . . that did formorlly belong to me but was within his the above said Reevs Range be- tween the wollfe pit swamp and his froont boonds."* The wolf pit swamp, now a beautiful lake on the prop- erty of Capt. Ellsworth Tuthill, locates the range of William Reeve. This tract or part of it seems to have been owned by a Daniel Reeve in 1736, but there is no further trace of ownership until 1788 when Obadiah Hudson f appears as owner, mortgaging this property to Jared Landon and John Wells, Esquires, for the large sum of £900. In the mortgage it is described as "a cer- *The above is quoted from the original paper in possession of George B. Reeve, of Mattituck. An abstract, with more orthodox spelling, is in Southold Printed Records, Vol. II., p. 107. tObadiah Hudson was probably a son of Richard, son of Jonathan, of Shelter Island. Richard was an elder brother of Samuel, who was the grandfather of Deacon Joseph, of Frank- linville, the great-grandfather of Wm. M. and Jos. B., of Mat- tituck. Obadiah left several children, and his descendants are many and honorable, but none is living in Mattituck. Like others of the revolutionary refugees, he suffered financial losses from which he never recovered, and his fine estate was sacri- ficed. He died in 1791. His son, Obadiah, who married Chloe, in the southwest corner of this lot. He appears to have been succeeded by his son Thomas, who died in 1736 in the 56th year of his age and is buried in the Mattituck church yard. This second Thomas Tusten let most of this property pass from his hands by sale before his death and it was soon in possession of a number of own- ers. The northern end of it is still known as "Tusten," a most desirable property for residence and cultivation, but now a tangled wilderness. We have now passed the eastern limits of Mattituck, but as a matter of interest the names of the original land holders in the North Dividend of Corchaug as far as the old Town limits are given. Next to the Benjamin Hor- ton, or Tusten, property were the three lots of Barnabas Horton, extending to Alvah's Lane. East of Alvah's Lane were Barnabas Wines, Jr., 2 lots, Thomas Mapes; 2 lots, Thomas Terry, i lot, Thomas Cooper, 3 lots; Richard Terry, 2 lots, Robert Smith, i lot, Richard Ben- jamin, 2 lots, and Barnabas Wines, 2 lots. We must retrace our steps westward now, and view the great lots west of the Cahoe Place, that extended from Sound to Bay. The holders of these lots, from the Canoe Place to the present Riverhead Town line, were Thomas Mapes, 2 lots, Richard Clarke, I lot, John Tuthill, I lot, John Swasey, 2 lots, John Tuthill, 2 lots. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 57 Thomas Mapes thus describes his land :* "One divi- dent in Occabauck land lying next and adjoyninge to the Canough place by Mattituck pond, being in bredth eight score pole — in length from sea to sea — the land of Joseph Youngs, Junr. west." This magnificent domain, "in length from sea to sea," extended westward to Cox's Lane, that was origin- ally the private road to the Mapes homestead on the "neck," and was long known as Mapes' Lane. The width of this double lot on the highway was far more than 80 rods — in fact it was about 160 rods — but this was to make allowance for the irregular boundary of the creek, as with Joseph Youngs' lot, east, and is not to be considered an instance of land grabbing on the part of Mapes, who was the town surveyor. A double lot in the First Division of Occabauck usually contained about 500 acres, and this property is not a great deal above that measure. The first Thomas Mapes dwelt on sixty acres now a part of the farm of Chas. W. Wick- ham, and never occupied this Occabauck land. Dying in 1687 he left it to his children: to Thomas, "half that division of upland and meadow on the west side of Mat- tituck Creek;" one-eighth to William, one-eighth to Jabez, and one-fourth to his daughter Abigail, the wife of Thomas Terrill. He had three other married daugh- ters, to one of whom he left fifty acres from his double lot in Corchaug, a little east of Alvah's Lane ; to an- other, two sheep, and to the third, his "great brass ket- tle." As showing that he held the land west of Matti- tuck Creek in comparatively little esteem, it may be men- *Southold Printed Records, Vol. I., p. 108. 58 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. tioned that by his will he expressly entailed all of his land, excepting only this, "which may be bouct, sould or exchanged." There is no record of the partition of this land among the four heirs. Jabez evidently came into possession of what is now known as Cox's Neck, and was formerly known as Mapes' Neck, for there he lived and died, and there, upon his death in 1732, he was succeeded by his 5on Joseph. Jabez also owned 50 acres south of the Riverhead road, reaching to the bay, next west of the Canoe Place, comprising what we call "South America," for he sold it to 2d James Reeve in 1725. This land was bounded on the west by Thomas Terrill's land. In those ■days a married woman's property was her husband's. Land left by will to her was usually deeded by the ex- •ecutors to her husband, and when it was sold her hus- band's signature sufficed. Thus Abigail Terrill's inher- itance became Thomas Terrill's property. Terrill ap- pears to have held more than the one-fourth part that was willed to his wife. He was a mason, and like other men who supplemented their farming with trades he be- came wealthy and a large landholder, and it seems prob- able that he bought much of 2d Thomas Mapes' share. He owned the Vandenhove property (part of which is now in possession of Rear Admiral Charles Dwight Sigs- bee, U. S. N., and on the other half of which Judge H. P. Haggarty has lately built a handsome residence), the Hiising farm, and the land at Horton's Creek now owned by Mrs. John C. Wells. He also owned the sixteen acres in Mattituck woods lately purchased by Otto P. Hallock, and probably a good deal of the land east of that between the two roads. The extensive holdings of A HISTORY QF MATTITUCK. 59 the Hubbards, and later of the Shirleys, between the roads and also south of the Riverhead road were in- herited by John Hubbard in 1791 from his grandfather, Barnabas Terrel, or Terrill, who was the grandson or great-grandson of Thomas and Abigail Terrill. Next to Mapes Richard Clarke held one lot. He removed to Elizabethtown, N. J., and sold this lot in 1683 to William Coleman, the son-in-law of Mapes. "Coleman's Rock" off the Sound shore is a memorial of this owner. This lot, about forty rods wide, takes in the residence of Arthur L. Downs, and the property north and south from Sound to bay. It is an interesting fact that the field across the highway from the house of Arthur L. Downs is still known as the "Coleman lot," be- ing so designated in the deed by which it was conveyed to Daniel Downs, the grandfather of the present owner, in 1830. Joseph and Robert W. Wells and Atmore Youngs, of Laurel, dwell on the southern part of this range. The one lot of John Tuthill, next west, early passed into the hands of Joseph Youngs, Jr., the same who owned the first lot north of the highway west of the Creek. How the title passed to Youngs or from him is unknown, but in 1691 this lot was the property of Thomas Moore, and was by him sold to Richard Howell, who then dwelt where Chauncey P. Howell, a lineal descendant, now lives. Richard Howell established sev- eral of his five sons on this strip and there his descend- ants lived for several generations, purchasing in addition most of the Clark or Coleman lot, and most of Mapes' Neck also. On this Tuthill- Youngs-Howell lot now re- side Mrs. John Bergen, on the North Road, Joseph C. 6o A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. Cooper and George Henry Howard on Bergen Avenue,, and George Clark on the South Road. The beautiful' Laurel Lake is partly in this range, though singularly LAUREL. LAKE. enough it is not mentioned in any of the old records ©f lands or deeds.* Next west lies the second or double lot of John ♦Since the above was written "a fresh pond" mentioned in a deed in Southold Printed Records, Vol. II., p. 446, has been identified as Laurel Lake. This deed, dated January 9th, 1713, conveys from Richard Howell to Archable Tomson, for "ye sum of eighteen pounds," a tract of fifty acres, "bounded on ye North by a fresh pond— East by Walter Brown— South by ye baye, and West by John Swazey." This was the farm now of George Clark, and the Brown farm south of the highway. About Archibald Thomson, and when or how the property passed from his possession, nothing is known to the writer. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 6 1 •Swasey, extending to the lane west of the house of the late James Richard Hallock, It is impossible now to trace the descent of title to this property. John Swasey lived on another double lot, near the present village of Riverhead. This Mattituck lot is not mentioned in his "will which was drawn in 1692. Many acres of the northern part were later owned by members of the Al- ■drich family (who were descended from John Swasey), and about 1700 a large part of this tract came into the hands of the Hallock families. The late James Richard Hallock lived where his ancestors had lived for nearly two hundred years. He is succeeded by his sister, Mrs. Fanny C. Dayton and her sons, Eleazar J. P. and La Rosseau. That part of the farm of the late Thos. A. Hallock which is now owned by Benjamin C. Kirkup is also a part of this tract. In Laurel the farms of Al- bert W. Youngs, Fred. Hallock, the late Moses Youngs and Edward P. Youngs are on this property. The strip of land included between the lines of the lane next to Mrs. Fanny C. Dayton's and the Laurel Lane (formerly Aldrich's Lane) is the double lot of John Tuthill, afterwards of Thomas Osman. This passed from Thomas Osman to his sons John and Jacob and a num- ber of sales of parts of this property are entered in the Town Records, but, as usual, all lines of title become obscure in the early part of the eighteenth century, from frequent failure to record wills and deeds. This lot in- cludes now the farm of Charles W. Aldrich, and others at the north, and in Laurel, the Presbyterian Church property, and the farms of James Williamson, George S. Mahoney, the farm lately of Mrs. Geo. B. T^eeve (now of Dr. Eugene Fuller), and the farm of Geo. B.Woodhull. 62 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. The next lot, the second lot of Wm. Hallock, ex- tends from Laurel Lane to the town line and has largely remained in the hands of the Hallock family. By reason of the rapid recession of the line of the bay this tract is nearly four miles long, "from sea to sea." For some inexplicable reason its width is considerably in excess of the standard eighty rods, so that the allotment of Wil- liam Hallock was about 700 acres. William Hallock took up his residence upon this Occabauck land very soon after the allotment, and in 1675 he gave to his son-in-law, Richard Howell, a strip on the western side of his land, twenty rods wide, "fromi North to South Sea." This made a farm of 150 acres, and the same year Richard Howell added to- it twenty acres purchased from John Conklin whose land lay next west. "The said twenty acres is to ly twenty poles in breadth and is to begin (southward) at the highway that leadeth to Sataucutt and to runn Northward the sd bredth till the said twenty acres be fully compleated." The length northward to complete the twenty acres was 160 rods, or half a mile, being about half the distance from the North Road to the Sound. These twenty acres, with the adjoining land north of the North Road, have ever since remained in possession and occupation of Richard Howell's descendants, and now constitute the fine farm of Chauncey P. Howell. When the town of Riverhead was set off in 1792, the west line of the Howell farm became the dividing line between South- old and Riverhead. The north and south lines dividing the towns and bounding the lots of the First Division in Occabauck are not due north and south, but run about north-north- A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 65 west, and east-southeast. These Hnes are perpendicular to the general trend of the Sound shore. The lines of the smaller farms into which the great lots are divided follow the same direction, and until recently were all marked by hedges and "live fences." The north and south lanes and roads have uniformly followed the same direction, running along the farm lines. This is true even of the streets in the village of Riverhead. The farmers have called this an "eleven o'clock line," be- cause the shadow falls along it about an hour before noon. This has been as good as a dinner horn for the farmer in all generations. When his shadow falls along the farm lines he knows that dinner-time is near. East of Mattituck Creek the farm lines as far as Mill Lane are about in the same direction, but towards the east they begin to slant more towards the northwest, the lots growing narrower towards the Sound. The lanes, following the old boundary lines, deviate more from the north the farther east we go, until the Depot Lane in the village of Cutchogue runs northwest and south- east. For two hundred years and more the lands were fenced with hedges and "live fences." Many of these ancient hedges still exist, but the intensive agriculture of recent years is forcing the farmers to clear and level them. On either side of the line trenches were dug and the earth piled up along the line. Some of the old hedges are far from straight, having been led from tree to tree in the general direction desired. The branches of these trees were "lopped" and bent over. The notches healed, and the lopped branches lived and grew and put forth shoots, and these branches intermingling, and entwined t)4 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. with many wild vines, soon made a fence that cattle could not break through. In the early days at the annual town meeting Fence Viewers were appointed, whose LOPPED TREES IN AN OLD HEDGE. •duty it was to see that these fences were in good order, and after Avarning from them, if the. fence were not made tight, the owner was fined. This was necessary because A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 65 the early inhabitants had large herds of cattle and sheep that were allowed to run in the common and miim- proved lands, and they must be kept from straying into the highways or into cultivated farms. About the mid- dle of June, yearly, the cattle were driven to Occabauck, and thereafter if any were found in unfenced land be- tween Tom's Creek and the Canoe Place at Mattituck their owners were subjected to a fine of ten shillings.* Here and there, in the woods, portions of the fences that restrained these herds more than two hundred years ago may still be seen. In almost any farm, and occasionally by the side of the highway, one may see an ancient tree with gnarled branches reaching outward in grotesque shapes as they were lopped and bent for hedge fences in the olden time. ♦Southold Records, Liber D, p, 221. CHAPTER III. THE EARLIEST SETTLERS. The allotment of Mattituck lands that was made in the autumn of 1661 was probably carried into effect by a survey and the marking off of the lots the next spring and immediately the first settlers began to build their homes and clear the land. The earliest complete list of the Mattituck settlers is found in the rate list of Sept. i6th, 1675. This Hst names eighty-one heads of families in Southold Town and gives them in order from east to west. The names that appear to belong to Mattituck, beginning with Thomas Tusten, who lived near the foot of Manor Hill, are twelve. In these twelve families were seventeen adult males according to the list, which gives the num- ber of taxable heads in each household. The twelve householders were the following: Thomas Tusteene, Thorns Maps Senr, Thorns Terrill, James Reeves, Will Reeves, John Swasie Senr, John Swasie Junr, Joseph Swasie, Will Halloke, John Hallok, Richard Howell and Thoms Osman. Of these William Hallock was rated at 361 pounds, James Reeve at 244, Thomas Mapes at 227, John Swasey at 200, Thomas Osfnan at 194 and the others at much smaller amounts. These twelve earliest settlers are easily located. Thomas Tusten was near the foot of Manor Hill, prob- ably on the south side of the highway then, in the Fort A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 6/ Neck. He probably settled north of the highway in 1684. If the list is complete there was no dweller be- tween the foot of Manor Hill and the farm now of Wil- liam Broderick where William Reeve was settled as set forth in the preceding chapter, William Reeve prob- ably had his house near Fisher's ice house, where Oba- diah Hudson later dwelt. Across the Lake and the highway, on a part of Charles W. Wickham's estate, Thomas Mapes was located, and next east of him, James Reeve. Thomas Terrell, and his wife, Mary Reeve, were probably then in possession of the Pike farm with their house near the old highway. William Furrier in his will, 1671, gave to Thomas Terrell "two acres of land near or adjoining to his now dwelling house." The dwelling was perhaps left high and dry in the midst of Reeve's farm when the road was moved in 1710. It appears so, for in 1712 Terrell sold to Reeve four acres with dwell- ing house, bounded north, south, east and west by the grantee. Thomas Mapes' farm, as well as Reeve's, came from William Furrier. Mapes married Furrier's daughter Sarah, and to her was left by her father twenty pounds or an equivalent in land. James Reeve, Furrier's ex- ecutor, accordingly conveyed to Thomas Mapes sixty acres of land along the highway next to the Fessepuncke Neck. The deed,* of date 1683, states that this land was already "in the tenour and occupation of sd Thomas Mapes." Mr. J. Wickham Case is mistaken in a note upon this deed, saying of this property, "It was long the homestead of James Worth." He was led into error by ♦Southold Printed Records, Vol, I., p. 400. 68 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. an attempt to locate it on the present highway. The sixty acres fronted on the old highway and, as stated above, were a part of Charles W. Wickham's land, jut- ting in also into the country place of Frank M. Lupton, When in 1833 the land of 5th James Reeve was divided between his sons Irad and Edward the line of partitioa ran through the midst of "J^bez' field," which was doubt- less so called from Jabez Mapes, who inherited from his father Thomas and sold the sixty acres back to the Reeves, half in 1707 and half in 171 5. There are traces- of an ancient dwelling not far back of Charles W. Wick- ham's residence that was perhaps the house of Thomas Mapes. The James Reeve homestead stood a few rods west of Mr. Wickham's and was taken down some thirty years ago. The others of the first twelve settlers lived in an- other group some two miles to the west, on the north road, in what is now called West Mattituck. Richard Howell was next to the Riverhead line, and near him were his father-in-law William Hallock and his brother- in-law John Hallock. Near Osman's Lane (later Al- drich's and now Laurel Lane) dwelt Thomas Osman and east of him the Swaseys, John and his sons John, Jr.^ and Joseph. These seven families made quite a colony in West Mattituck and when William Hallock gave land to his son-in-law Richard Howell in 1675 ^^ required that he should "not lett said land to any person but shall be approved by ye neighborhood." A rate list eight years later, 1683, gives Mattituck names as follows : Willm Reeves, Thomas Tuston,. Theophilus Curwin, Thomas Mapps Senr, James Reevs,, Thomas Terrill, Fetter Haldriag (Aldrich), Thomas A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 69 Osman, John Osman, William Haliock, Thomas Haliock, John Swazey, Joseph Swazey. This list adds three names to the list of 1675 and subtracts two: Richard Howell and one of the John Swazeys. Richard Howell had moved to a farm farther west and his name appears in another part of the rate list. One of the John Sweseys is omitted altogether from the rate Hst. This is likely an error, for both were living. John the father lived until 1692 and it appears from his will that his son John was then liv- ing near him. The elder Swezey's son-in-law, Peter Aldrich, is added to the list. He died ere long, and in 1692 his heirs received one hundred acres of land by Swezey's will. In the interval between the rate lists of 1675 and 1683 John Osman, son of Thomas, had become a freeholder beside his father. The third addition to the inhabitants is 1st Theophilus Corwin, who has taken up his abode on the highway at the place where J. J. Kirk- up's farm-house stands. The next year saw Jonathan Reeve locate on the lot now of Charles Benjamin. It was also in 1684 that 2d Barnabas Wines bought the lot next east of the Creek and in all probability he took up his residence there im- mediately, locating near the "Ivy Hollow" where the late Capt. Joshua Terry lived. Another who just escaped the rate list of 1684 was David Gardiner, who settled on the Pessepuncke Neck about that time. In 1700 Samuel Clark settled upon the place now of La Mont Gould. There were therefore seventeen or eighteen families in the year 1700 between the foot of Manor Hill and the Riverhead Town line. Within a few years after 1700 a number of changes and additions were made. In 1701 Thomas Clark, car- 70 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. penter, located on the farm lately of Mrs. George B. Reeve in Laurel, and two years later his son-in-law Rob- ert Matthews was on the Woodhull farm adjoining on the west. This was on the Osman range. In the same range Jonathan Hudson, of Shelter Island, bought land in 171 5. In 1702 John Osman, who styled himself "planter," moved from West Mattituck to a farm be- tween Elijah's Lane and Manor Hill. Probably about 1707 — certainly not later than 171 5 — Jabez Mapes, son of 1st Thomas, having sold the Mapes homestead to James Reeve took up his residence on Mapes' Neck, the seat of the Mapes family for three generations. 2d James Reeve was born in 1672 and had established his own household before 1698, the year in which his father died. In 1719 the blacksmith Joseph Goldsmith was settled on the hotel property. Shortly after 1700 Thomas Reeve dwelt on the Phile- mon Dickerson lot near the present dwelling of Bryant S. Conklin, and owned not only that lot but most of the adjoining Youngs-Wines lot, south of Long Creek. It is difficult to determine which of several Thomas Reeves of that day this was. Very careful investigation, how- ever, leaves little room for doubt that this was Thomas the son of ist James, and brother of the James who in- herited the Purrier property across the highway, and who in 1 71 5 gave the land for the church and burying- ground. While 2d James inherited the Purrier property in Mattituck, Thomas, his brother, inherited the Purrier home lot and other property within the old town bounds. All this he sold in 1707 to Peter Dickerson, the son of Philemon, for five shillings. There must have been some important consideration back of the five shillings A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 7^ for this transfer. Now it will be remembered that about this time, by some conveyance of which there is no rec- ord, the Dickinson land in Mattituck passed to a Thomas Reeve. The natural conclusion is that there was an ex- change of land between Thomas Reeve, the son of James, and Peter Dickerson. Thus Thomas Reeve came back to the place of his birth, locating near his older brother James, his cousin William, and his imcle Jonathan. Like his brother James he began life in an assured posi- tion, inheriting a valuable share of his grandfather Furrier's property. He married Mary Salmon of South- old, became a lieutenant in the colonial militia, and after the organization of the Mattituck Church was one of its deacons. In the old grave yard he and his wife Mary lie-. next to his brother James and his wife Deborah. Whether we are right or not in supposing that this-. Thomas was Thomas the son of James, there remains- no doubt that all the Reeves of Mattituck, and indeed of Southold Town, are of one and the same family, all descendants of the ist Thomas Reeve and Mary, the eld- est daughter of William Furrier. Thomas is the only Reeve in the earliest lists of inhabitants. After 1666 he is dead and his property is held by the Widow Reeve, who was Mary Furrier. Their children were Thomas, James, William, John, Isaac, Jonathan, Joseph, Mary and Hannah. Of these, James, William and Jonathan settled in Mattituck, and in 1750 Furrier (or FurryerV Reeve, the grandson of Joseph, was also here. Thomas,, probably the eldest son, married Agnes Rider and died" intestate in 1682, leaving her a widow with three chil- dren, one of whom was 3d Thomas. As regards age, this might have been the Thomas who settled on the *J2 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. Dickerson land in Mattituck, but all indications are against it. This Thomas had little wealth, and hardly could have acquired so fine a property; he was illiterate, signing deeds with his mark, and was hardly the man to become a lieutenant and deacon. At all events, it was either this Thomas or his cousin, Thomas the son of James, both of them grandsons of the original Thomas Reeve and Mary Furrier. Deacon Thomas Reeve was the ancestor of most of the Reeves in Mattituck today. He married Mary Sal- mon in 1 71 1. He was survived by one son, Thomas (1726-1790) and four daughters, Ruth, Bethiah, Mary and Hannah, who married into the Goldsmith, Howell, Wells and Case families, respectively. Thomas (1726- 1790) married in 1745 Keziah, the daughter of Joseph Mapes and had sons, Thomas (1749-1823), Daniel, James (1751-1807), Barnabas and John, and daughters, Keziah, Hannah, Sarah and Experience. Of these sons, Thomas married in 1770 Parnel, daughter of ist Rich- ard Steers Hubbard, and James married in 1779 Parnel Howell. Thomas and Parnel (Hubbard) were the par- ents of Benjamin (the grandfather of Thomas H.), Luther (the grandfather of William H. and James L.), and Thomas (the grandfather of Thomas Edward). James and Parnel (Howell) were the parents of Jesse (the grandfather of John G., Henry J. and Herbert M.), and Edmund (the father of James Franklin). In the Census of Southold Town taken in 1698 there were eight hundred persons in one hundred and thirty- two families. At least nineteen of these families, with about one hundred and twenty persons, dwelt in or near Mattituck then or soon after. The list is not in order of A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. '^ '^ location, like the rate lists of 1675 and 1683, and while the names of all inhabitants, old and young, are given, the heads of families are not indicated. It is often im- possible to tell where one family ends and another be- gins. As far as possible, with probability of some errors both of addition and omission, an attempt is here made to indicate the Mattituck famiHes, including both those that were in the village then and those that located in Mattituck within a few years. With this disclaimer of inerrancy the author ventures to give the Mattituck fam- ilies about the opening of the eighteenth century : Thomas Terrell,* and the sons and daughters then living with him, John, Richard, Abigail, Nicholas, and •Catharine ; Peter and Eliza Hallock,f and Bethiah, Abigail, Peter, Jr., William, and Noah; Jonathan and Martha Reeve, and Margaret, Mary, Martha and Matthew ; Thomas and Hope Hallock,J and Thomas, Kingsland, Tchabod, Zerubbabel, Anna, Patience and Richard ; *This is probably 1st Thos. Terrill. He first married, in 1665, Mary, daughter of Thos. and Mary (Furrier) Reeve. It appears from the will of 1st Thos. Mapes (1686) that he married later Abigail Mapes, Through Abigail (Mapes) Terrill a large part of the Mapes property descended to John Hubbard, the grand- son of Barnabas Terrill, who was the grandson or great-grand- son of 1st Thomas. fPeter Hallock was second son of 1st William. The father •of 1st William was likely enough Peter, as is commonly stated, but there is no valid reason for believing that he ever dwelt in Southold Town, for his name does not appear in the early records. William was undoubtedly the first Hallock in Southold. JThomas Hallock was eldest son of 1st William. He is the ancestor of most of the Hallocks of Mattituck, Laurel, and vicinity. 74 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. Joseph and Mary Sweazy, and their children Jo- hanna, Joseph, Jr., Mary, Sarah, Samuel, Richard,. Stephen and Bathia. [Joseph was a son of John, Sr.] John and Mary Swazy, and their children John, Jr.,. Susana, Mary, Jr., Joshua and Phebe. [This was 2d. John.] Jacob and Sarah Ozmond,* and Mary, Sarah, Jr.,. Eliza, Hester, Pinnina, Hannah. *This was Jacob Osman. Other Osman families are given in the census that probably belonged ia Mattituck, but cer- tainty regarding them is unattainable. Thus early the Osman name suffered in its orthography. In the latter part of the- eighteenth century the Osman and Osborn names became sin- gularly confused. This confusion misled for a time even such a careful writer as the late J. Wickham Case. In a note in Southold Printed Records, Vol. I., p. 98, on 1st Thomas Osman, Mr. Case identifies the families, saying, "They changed their family name Osman to Osborn in 1778 (See D, 136)." This he corrected in a later note, Vol. II., p. 536, where he explains, "These two names became confounded on the Town Records in 1778, the name being written Osman by the Town Clerk when he should have written it Osborn." This mistake led Mr. Case to suppose that Thos. Osman, when he sold his home at Hashamomack, in 1684, removed to the lot in Cutchogue next east of Alvah's lane, where the Osborns later appeared. Wines- Osborn (son of Daniel Osborn, of the East Hampton family) inherited that lot from his grandfather, 3d Barnabas Wines. Thomas Osman settled, as stated above, on the lot that had' been John Tuthill's, between Wm. Hallock and John Swazy. (Printed Records, Vol. I., p. 99.) Aldrich's Lane, now Laurel Lane, was Osman's Lane until nearly 1800. The confusion of the names Osman and Osborn must have been general, extend- ing to stone cutters as well as town clerks, for five children, almost certainly of Jonathan and Elizabeth (Hallock) Osman, who died in August, 1756, have head-stones in the burying- ground marked as children of "Mr. Jonathan and Mrs. Eliza- beth Osborn." The confusion was not so impossible to the- ear as it appears to the eye. One was pronounced "Osm'n," and the other "Osb'n." Jonathan Osman wrote his name correctly. Why he let the tomb-stones remain uncorrected is a question for guessing. Perhaps the tide of mistake was so strong- A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK, 75 Thomas and Mary Clark, and Thomas, Jr., and Eliza- beth. [Settled in Laurel in 1701. Elizabeth married Robert Matthews.] Richard Howell,* and David, Jonathan, Richard,. Isaac, Jacob, Eliza, and Dorothy; Theophilus Corwin;f John, Jr., and Sarah Corwin, and Sarah, Eliza and Hester; ["Captain" in Corwin Genealogy. Son of ist John, grandfather of Deacon John.] David and Martha Gardiner, and Mary; Mary Reeve [widow of William], and William, Abi- gail, Margaret, Sarah, Thomas. James ReeveJ and Deborah, Mary, Isaac, Thomas,. Mary. against him that he gave up in despair, as some persons to-day- surrender in the unequal struggle against common mispro- nunciation of their names. Jonathan died intestate in 1761. He and his wife Elizabeth probably lie in unmarked graves. ♦Richard Howell was the son-in-law of 1st William Hallock. His wife, Elizabeth Hallock, was dead. From Richard and Elizabeth (Hallock) Howell descend the Howells of Mattituck and vicinity. tTheophilus Corwin was 2d Theophilus, son of 1st Theophilus,. son of Matthias. He was then about twenty-one years of age,, and shortly after, probably, married Hannah Ramsay. Dying in 1762, he left a daughter, Hannah, the wife of Thomas Har- vey, and sons, Timothy and Jonathan. His son Samuel died a month before the father, leaving sons, Benjamin, David and Samuel. David, with his uncle Timothy, inherited the southern part of the J. J. Kickup farm. Jonathan inherited a farm near Riverhead, and died in 1798, leaving sons, Selah and Asa. Tim- othy died in Franklinville, now Laurel, in 1792, leaving sons,. Thomas, Timothy and Amaziah. Amaziah lived where the can- ning factory stands. Daniel, the brother of this Theophilus,. was ancestor of Mrs. James T. Hamlin, and of Mrs. John M. Lupton. $James Reeve is 2d James. His father died the year of the census. He had a sister Deborah, and his wife was DebOrahi "J^ A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. Thomas Tusten [2d] and Priscilla [Benjamin, the widow of 1st Thos.], and EHza, Miriam and Grace. Thomas, Jr., and Sarah Terrell,* and Thomas and Sarah. Barnabas and Mary Wines, and Barnabas, Jr., Sam- uel, Bathia, Peanellope. [This was 2d Barnabas.] William and Mary Hallocke, and William, Jr., Pru- •dence, Zebulon, Mary, Jr., and Ruth Howell. Jabez and Eliza Mapes, and Sarah, Eliza, Jr., Han- nah and Ealse. The hundred or more residents of Mattituck about the year 1700 lived the same simple life as all their neighbors on the eastern end of Long Island. They were mostly large landholders, but had little money and little use for it except to acquire more land. Each well- to-do man owned a suit of clothes, and perhaps a "troop- er's coat" made of imported cloth. These fine suits, with such accessories as silver shoe buckles, lasted for years and were handed down by will from father to son. The rest of their clothing was homespun. Their communi- cation with the outside world, by small sloops sailing to New Haven and New York, was slow, and in winter -dangerous, and they were substantially independent, suf- ticient unto themselves, having large flocks and herds, raising their own corn, wheat, rye and other simple food- (probably Satterly). The Deborah of the census is probably his wife. Mary, Isaac and Thomas are his sister and brothers. The .second Mary is probably his daughter. His son James was born in 1709. *2d Thomas Terrell. Either Sarah named here died early and he married as second wife Bethiah Wines, named in next fam- i'y, or 3d Thomas mai-ried Bethiah. Thomas (either 2d or 3d) «,nd Bethiah were parents of Barnabas, born 1710. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 77 stuffs, growing- their flax, spinning and weaving their own fabrics, importing not much besides the Enghsb cloth already mentioned, sugar, molasses and rum, a very few books, chiefly Bibles, iron and brass kettles and a meagre supply of such other utensils as could not be made by the smiths at home, and occasionally silver tankards and spoons* that figure in their wills. Among bequests of silver may be mentioned here, because of the interest that attaches to the persons, though the will was of a much later date than the time we are considering, a gift by will from Henry Tuthill, in 1793, to his granddaughter, Phebe Goldsmith. Henry and Phebe (Horton) Tuthill were the parents of Anna who married Capt. John Cleves Symmes in 1760, and the grandparents of Anna Symmes who became the wife of the first President Harrison and the grandmother of the late President Benjamin Harrison. In his will Henry Tuthill leaves to his great-granddaughter Phebe Gold- smith six silver spoons, mentioning that "they caust Eighteen Shilings a peas." These were to go to Phebe if she lived to be eighteen years of age. She was then about five years old, and died in 1857, the widow of James Wickham Reeve. The spoons are now in possession of Miss Mary A. Gildersleeve, her grand- daughter. To return to the primitive days of 1700. Money was Scarce, and pay was often "in kind." Even taxes were thus paid frequently. Consequently at town meeting *The inventories of early date often mention "occomee" or "okimy" spoons, employing these strangely corrupted spellings of alchemy, a name formerly given to a mixed metal of which many utensils were made, including trumpets. Hence Milton's, "Put to their mouths the sounding alchemy." 78 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. the rate at which food-stuffs were to be received was decided. Wheat was usually about 4 shillings six pence per bushel ; corn, three shillings ; wool was twelve pence per pound, and flax eight pence. In 1686 it was ordered that the surveyors laying out meadow lots should re- ceive "four pence per Lott in money or eight pence in pay." "In pay" meant in wheat or wool or other pro- duce, and it is evident from this order that those who had real money to offer received a very substantial dis- count for cash. To make sure of payment it was fur- ther ordered that the surveyors "shall make use of every Lott till Due payment is made." A line upon comparative values then and now can be fixed by an examination of inventories of those days and of Town accounts. A man of consequence for a day's service for the town received two shillings. A man with a team working on the highway received three shillings, and a laborer without a team received one shilling six pence.* A shilling was therefore approxi- mately equal to a dollar today, measured in terms of manual labor. Wheat then at four shillings six pence was as costly as it would be today at four and a half dol- lars a bushel. In i665f calves were three pounds per head, wheat five shillings per bushel, Indian corn four shillings, barley five shillings, and peas four shillings. In 1 673 J pork was three pounds ten shillings per barrel and beef was two pounds five. Land was low : in the same year ten acres of land§ sold for "a barrill of good *Southold Records, Liber D, p. 10. tSouthold Printed Records, Vol. II., p. 118. tibid.. Vol. I., p. 311. §Ibid., Vol. I., p. 65. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 79 porke." Somewhat earlier* shoes were worth six pence, half-penny a pair. In the inventory of the estate of Thomas Mapes, 1687, "One fether bed, bouldster, 2 pillows, 2 prs. of sheets, 5 blankets, i coverlid, i pr. of curtaines and bed sted, I cheste bed and boulster" were valued at ten pounds. That is, these articles represented two hundred days' work of a laboring man. "Two brass kettles, i Iron kettle, 2 Iron potts, i sckollet [skillet], one warm- ing pan, hoke [chimney hook] and other Iron" repre- sented five pounds. His "wareing cloaths" were worth five pounds, and his two swords and one gun, one pound, five shillings. His "7 Platters, 3 basons, 6 porigers, i quart pott and 6 spoons" were appraised at one pound, fifteen shillings, and three books at seven shillings. His personal estate amounted to eighty-four pounds, which was uncommonly large for his day. The cost of a coffin in 1675 appears from an entry on the back of the inven- tory of the estate of Joseph Youngs, Jr. : "Due from Joseph Youngs to Samuel Winds for his coffin, 5 shil- lings." Samuel Wines was a carpenter, and Youngs' brother-in-law. William Hallock (whose name was written Halliok) left a very large personal estate in 1684, including "beds and bedding, 30 pounds ; pewter brass and Iron, 40 pounds ; wooden and leather ware, 9 pounds ; sheets and table linen, 6 pounds; wareing cloaths, 11 pounds, 10 shiUings ; horses cattle and swine 80 pounds, 7 shillings ; all Implements of husbandry, 12 pounds." From the wills and inventories and other records of "Southold Printed Records, Vol. I., p. 207. 8o A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK, the time it appears that land, especially woodland, was cheap, that labor was cheap, and that products of the land, because of the small acreage under cultivation,, were dear. Cattle, held in large numbers and finding their forage in the uncultivated lands, were compara- tively cheap, though very valuable as compared with the land on which they roamed. Articles that had to be im- ported, such as brass kettles, silverware, books and fine cloth, were tremendously expensive and were regarded, as rare treasures. The balance of trade in those days was largely against the colonists, and there was very lit- tle English money among them. Later, the colonial cur- rency came into vogue, but its value was always sadly depreciated. For a long time the wampum of the In- dians was much used as money, but exchanges were most commonly effected by barter. The farmers had enough to eat and wear, but some- times found it hard to meet their taxes. Then as ever some prospered and added continually to their lands, while others lost their holdings little by little. It was probably almost impossible for a man without a farm and without a trade to make a living for a family. The men with trades were as a rule prosperous. There were blacksmiths, masons, carpenters, joiners, coopers, wheel- wrights, weavers, cordwainers (shoemakers), saddlers, fullers, tailors, tanners, millers. These men usually car- ried on their trades as an adjunct to farming, and they often grew rich, acquiring much land. The blacksmith made all the nails that were used, as well as axes, ham- mers, ploughs, spades and other farming implements, chains, andirons, pot hooks, and pretty much anything that could be made of iron. The pails and tubs used A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 8l about the house and dairy, as well as the barrels, were made by the cooper. Another important art was that of navigation. Prob- ably before 1700 Capt. Barnabas Wines sailed his sloop between the mouth of the Creek and New York. He was succeeded in this enterprise by his son, and one or two sloops were regularly employed upon that route until some fifty years ago when the railroad, being much more accessible as well as quicker, drove them out of ■ business. Capt. Gilbert Davis, the father of Mrs. Joshua Terry, was the last to run a sloop regularly between Mattituck and New York. Not a few of the early settlers were engaged in the coasting trade, and some made voyages to the West Indies. So well did the fathers understand the value of a trade, that it was customary for the sons of the wealthiest families to be apprenticed in their youth to neighboring smiths or other artisans. A father dying and leaving boys usually charged his executors in his will to see that his sons were apprenticed to learn useful trades. The houses of the early days were strongly joined with hewn oak timbers, and covered with large oak shingles which were good for many years. The foun- dations were built of large stones, mostly round, gath- ered at the shore of the Sound. The only heat was from mammoth open fireplaces beneath huge chimneys. The chimneys were built of brick which from the earliest settlement were manufactured at Arshamomack. These great fireplaces served for cooking purposes as well as heating, being fitted with cranes and hooks for pots and kettles. Baking was done in tremendous brick ovens, with iron doors. In these hot fires of wood were kindled 82 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. and allowed to burn until the walls were thoroughly heated. The coals were then drawn out, and the oven was ready for baking. Such a thing as a stove for heat- ing was unknown for nearly a hundred years after Mat- tituck was settled. In the village of Mattituck there are few very old THE ELYMAS REEVE HOUSE. This house faces the south, with its back to the road. Probably built soon after 1710. houses standing. There are several very old barns, with oak shingles, weatherbeaten but sound, and the oak frames of some of the ancient houses are still doing service in barns and outhouses. The house on the north side of the highway now owned by Wm. Broderick, in which the Kelly sisters reside, was built about 1790 by Joseph Parker Wickham. The house across the way A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 83 from Jacob A. Brown's dwelling is considerably older, and no one knows by whom it was first occupied. It was built in the days when houses were placed with re- gard to the points of the compass, facing due south for the most agreeable exposure. With a fine indifference to appearances it presents its back door to the highway. If any house in Mattituck is older than this, it is the THE ANCIENT TAVERN. The old part of the Mattituck House. older part of the hotel, or Mattituck house, which was John Hubbard's tavern before the Revolutionary war. The hotel was owned by Barnabas Terrel until his death in 1791, when he left it to his grandson, 2d John Hub- bard: "that house and land which he now lives in and all the privaliges thereunto belonging." Hubbard had then been keeping the tavern for fifteen or sixteen years. 84 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. succeeding- his father, who died in 1775. The first John Hubbard had married Mary Terrell (who after his death became the wife of Col. Phineas Fanning) in 1762. From that time until his death he appears to have kept the tavern owned by his wife's father. Whether the Terrells kept this as a public house before Hubbard is a question to which no answer can be given. And there 1 ^Jpmi^y ■'. f^^m \ -■' *^ ^HB^ 1 .jftk " •••■■rmf -■--■.:- - to^ IBIiiiiiiMiBM ' Ww ■ ' ~ J II ..^^..^ w:- .--^ "' ■' 5 ~ ♦i-wsw^ 1 THE HOME OF JOEL C. HOWELL. Built by 5th William Wells before the Revolutionary War. is no record of when or how the property passed into Terrell hands. It was bought in 1719 by Joseph Gold- smith, blacksmith, who died in 1736. It is possible that the older part of the Mattituck house was built by this Joseph Goldsmith for his dwelling in 17 19. If so, it is. one of the oldest buildings standing in Southold Town. The house of Frank C. Barker, on Pike Street, was A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 85 built, probably, before 1800. Before its removal to its present position it stood on the Glenwood House lot, and was occupied by Barnabas Pike, from whom Pike Street is named. Barnabas Pike purchased from the Reeves, and after a few years sold to Mrs. John Odell. But long before this had been the residence of Amasa Pike, cousin of Barnabas' father. Amasa probably built the house sometime after the Revolutionary war. Another house dating from the time preceding the Revolutionary war is that of Joel Howell, which was erected by 5th William Wells, grandfather of Joseph Wells, of Laurel, before his voluntary exile in Connecticut during the British occupation of Long Island. CHAPTER IV. THE FOUNDING OF THE CHURCH. Up to 171 5 all the people of Southold Town went to the old Town Church, and even after that date all were taxed for its support. On June 15th, 171 5, "Sundry per- sons," inhabitants of the Town of Southold, "indented with each other to build a Meeting House at a place called Mattetucke in the said Town Ship." So says tht ancient deed whereby 2d James Reeve, five months later, conveyed "unto ye said Inhabitants and to their Heirs and Successors for ever" the half acre of land on which the Presbyterian Church now stands. This deed, dated Nov. 7th, 171 5, gives "half an acre of land lying and being at Mattetuck in ye sd Town between the two high ways, and to lye as near Square as may be where ye sd ways part . . . for to . set the said meeting House upon; and for noe other use whatsoever, but for the sd meeting House to stand upon." Shortly after another deed was signed and sealed by the same donor convey- ing an acre and a half adjoining for the Burying Ground. 2d James Reeve, like his father, was a man prominent in the town, frequently serving the town in official posi- tion, and for years being one of the Town Justices. He died in 1732, and in the ground which he consecrated to the use of the parish his grave is marked with a stone on which is this inscription : "Here lyes buried ye Body -w^, ft ^X^c.-ii«- -*- ■ '^' ^_^.^ ..^ .,_ __ _ ^ ^^,.^, ~'" '^jfJ-Ai-.^ij^'^cjt /St^tj.'rcJj. i^,t^^^^n^ /-a //Ci^n~^_^X y^Uf^K^ait^^^c/f I t~ oy <»»~£/T^«<- g^ij4^.»w_, <-r- «t«-y eJ!.Att*^ /^jJSC-fi iirt-U.-^ ' i.^^ Ani Afr- li^-^ :1m //Ce/^ !±,-.tJktth'^tJ^'i%kx jfn e^ /«-X ^«. /&^ *• :«Jil^l DEED OF HALF-ACRE FOR MEETING HOUSE. 55 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. of ye Hono'ble James Reeve Esqr who Departed this life March 14th Anno Domi 1732 in ye. 60th Year of His Age." Beside him lies his wife, Deborah (probably De- borah Satterly of the Brookhaven family), who survived him twenty years, living with her son, 3d James, in the old homestead. In all the life of the parish their descend- ants have held prominent part up to this day. The Meeting House was probably erected immedi- ately upon this most advantageous site at the junction of the highways. The Rev. N. S. Prime, in his History of Long Island, states that it was erected by Nathaniel Warner, master builder. Nathaniel Warner lived near the present village of Jamesport, where his descendants still reside. He was a son-in-law of James Reeve, the donor of the land, marrying Reeve's daughter, . Deborah. The original building stood for one hundred and fifteen years, until 1830, when the second edifice was erected. The old house, with its strong oak frame, was drawn by oxen to Greenport, where it stood until recent years on the main street near the dock, ■ serving as a sail loft. It was finally destroyed by fire. .The old building stood where the present church stands, but faced the other way, its front door being at the south end, the high pulpit with sounding board above it being in the -north end. There were also doors on the east and west sides, . somewhat north of the middle. It was a plain shingled building, with a gallery along the sides and across the south end. Under the gallery the walls were plastered, but overhead were the oak beams and shingles. In those days there was no lack of ven- tilation in the churches. The swallows passed in and out beneath the eaves, and as in the ancient Psalmist's time A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 89 found nests for themselves where they might lay their young, even in the Lord's altars. In the south end the pews ran east and west with a middle aisle, or "broad alley," as it was often called, between them. In the north end, on either side of the pulpit, the pews ran north and south. Near the side doors, between the lateral and longitudinal pews, were private chairs, owned and occu- pied by the matrons who brought their little children to church. The seats immediately in front of the pulpit were reserved for the small boys of the congregation, that they might be directly under the awful eye of the minister, while close to the pulpit on either side sat the ■deacons. It is said that the young men and maidens used to frequent the gallery. The old church to the time of its removal in 1830 was never warmed in winter. The older women had their little foot-stoves carried to the meeting house. The men and the young people, not grown tender from the liot-house culture of modern times, thought nothing of sitting in the unheated church on a winter's Sabbath from ten to twelve in the morning and again through .an afternoon service after an hour's intermission. The temperature was low, and the uncushioned seats were liard, but they forgot the absence of creature comforts in their close attention to doctrinal sermons an hour long, or more. The difference between those "good old days" and these lay not so much in the superior eloquence of the preachers or the deeper spirituality of the hearers as in the circumstances of the times. If the railroad tracks were torn up and the telegraph wires cut down, the newspapers and magazines discontinued and ninety-nine liundredths of the books were lost, if the thousand and 90 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. one cares and distractions and diversions incident to the highly artificial civilization of the present day were re- moved, nearly every one would go to church, though he had to walk far, and would listen with avidity to a very ordinary preacher as long as he would talk; especially, if now as then, the preacher were the only educated man in the community. The first Pastor in Mattituck was the Rev. Joseph Lamb, who was one of the five graduates of the year 1717 in Yale College. All of the five became ministers, as did all of the six in the two years preceding. One of the three in the class of 171 5 was Nathaniel Mather,* who afterwards became pastor of the Aquebogue Church (now Jamesport). The Presbytery of Long Island, em- bracing the whole of the Island, and New York City as well, had just been organized, and one of its first official acts was the ordination and installation of Joseph Lamb in Mattituck, Dec. 6th, 171 7. The Mattituck Church was thus early in its life allied with the Presbytery. The only others on the Island connected with the Presbytery at that time were the churches of Jamaica, Newtown, Setauket and Southampton. Not one line of record survives to tell us of the pas- torate of Mr. Lamb. Even the records of the original Presbytery of Long Island are lost. Mr. Lamb remained' *Nathaniel Mather heads the list of his class in social rank and was presumably a son of the distinguished New England' family of that name, though it seems difficult to place him in. the genealogical tables of that family. He died at Aquebogue. His will was proved in New York in 1748. He left sons, In- crease, who married a Brown, and Ebenezer, who married Mar- garet Downs. The will does not mention wife or daughter. According to the Salmon Record he married the widow Ruth Terry, in 1724. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. QT here twenty-five years or more. In 1744 he became the pastor of the church at Basking-Ridge, N. J., dying June 28th, 1749, in his 60th year. He is said to have been of Scotch descent and a worthy man. In Basking-Ridge the church prospered under his ministry, and the people outgrowing their original log meeting house erected a new frame building that served their purposes for ninety years. Tradition has it that the frame of the new build- ing was raised the very day that the faithful pastor was called higher to the house not made with hands. His grave is near the entrance to the Basking-Ridge Church,, under a magnificent ancient oak. Pathetically enough, the grave of the wife of his youth, who died twenty years before, stands lonely in the Mattituck grave yard. "Here lyes Buried ye Body of Mrs. Patience Lamb, wife of the Rev'd Mr. Joseph Lamb; who Dec'd April 4th Anno Domi. 1729, Aged 35 years." It is probable that this Patience was the young- est daughter of Capt. Jonathan Horton. When Capt. Jonathan Horton made his will, in 1707, his two young- est daughters were Abigail and Patience, both under eighteen years of age. In the Salmon Record occurs the marriage, Aug. ist, 1717,* of Mr. Joshua Lamb and Patience Horton. It seems extremely probable that this Joshua is an error and meant for Joseph, for there was no other person of the name of Lamb dwelling in South- old Town at that time ; certainly no other who was a per- son of distinction. The "Mr." in the Record, as in in- scriptions on tombs and in all writings of that period, is a sign of distinction, applied only to ministers of the ♦Probably 1717, or perhaps 1716. The date is incomplete in. the Salmon Record. '92 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. gospel and persons of high social standing or official rank. In the early days the idea of social rank that came with the colonists from the old country were pre- valent, and for years the people were seated in the town church at Southold according to their social consequence. Until the year 1767 the names of Yale graduates were catalogued in the supposed order of social rank instead of alphabetically as now. When we see in the grave- yard the names of Mr. Thomas Turrill and Mr. Nathaniel Clark and Mr. John Parker and Mr. Obadiah Hudson and Mrs. Bethiah Hudson, his wife, and many others thus designated, we know that they were persons of rank. "Mrs." meant not necessarily a married woman, but was •often applied to an unmarried woman of good family. The Mr. Joshua Lamb of the Salmon Record was probably therefore Mr. Joseph Lamb, fresh from New Haven, just taking up his work in Mattituck, and making a fine beginning by winning the young daughter of one of Southold's leading families. They had a daughter, Lydia, who married a Clark in 1738. Here the Salmon Record fails us, for it omits the first name of this particular Clark. If it were not for this omission it might be pos- sible to trace the descendants of the Rev. Joseph Lamb. In all probability some of them are now dwelling in Mat- tituck. He had a son, Joseph, who died in 1739 and probably lies beside his mother in one of the many un- marked graves in the church yard. The years of the first pastorate in Mattituck were •doubtless years of severe trial for both the pastor and the people of his charge. Up to that time the town pas- tor's salary had been raised like the salaries of civil offi- cials by regular taxation. The necessary adjustment to A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 93; altered conditions must have been attended with many difficulties. The pastor's salary was of course small, but even so must have been difficult of collection among a people unused to the voluntary support of a church in- dependent of the town, and a people few in numbers and poor in purse. With his wife gone, his daughter mar- ried and his son taken from him, it is no wonder that the pastor turned to a new field of labor. In 1720, three years after Mr. Lamb's settlement, and after the third church in the town had been organized at Oyster Ponds (.now Orient), it was decided at Town Meeting* to divide the parish lands "that each minister may improve the same in proportion, according to the first purchase." The committee to effect this division consisted of Capt. James Reeve of Mattituck, Capt. Booth of Oyster Ponds, and Benjamin Youngs of South- old. This committee doubtless performed the duty as- signed, but there is no record of the result of the divi- sion. This is certain, that the Mattituck parish soon afterwards owned a valuable parsonage property, shares or rights in which were handed down by the proprietors in their wills. The name "parsonage," now usually re- stricted to the dwelling-house provided for the minister, was then given to the land or farm occupied by the min- ister. What we should call the "parsonage farm" or the "parsonage property" was then called the pai^sonage, and the ancient Mattituck parsonage was what is com- monly know as the "Glover place," now owned by the Rev. Wm. A. Wasson, rector of the Episcopal Church, and his brother, the Rev. James B. Wasson, *Southold Records, Liber D, p. 119. 94 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. This cannot have been a part of the town parish lands that were divided by the committee in 1720, for those lands were in the old town bounds, and this was a part of the property of Thomas Mapes and had de- scended to his heirs. It is reasonable to suppose that the portion of parish lands that fell to Mattituck was sold and this farm near the church was purchased. That this exchange cannot be traced in the records is not surpris- ing, for many transfers of land were left unrecorded. In 1654* it was ordered that all purchases and exchanges of lands should be recorded within one month, under penalty of five shillings, and for many years this law was fairly well observed; but through most of the i8th cen- tury the failure to record conveyances of land was ex- tremely common. The transfers of land in Mattituck from the allotment of 1661 up to 1700, though very fre- quent, can usually be traced, but from 1700 onward the lines of title are obscure in many instances. However it came about, the parish of Mattituck owned as a parsonage some fifty acres a mile west of the church, fronting on the North Road and bounded on the west by Mapes' (now Cox's) Lane. There, no doubt, the Rev. Joseph Lamb lived and there his wife Rachel died. An interesting document of the next generation sur- vives, being a written agreement to sell the parsonage. This agreement is as follows : "We whose Names are underwritten Inhabitants of Southold in Mattituk Society, having Rights in the Per- sonage belonging to Mattituk, considering the Difficult ''Southold Printed Records, Vol. I., p. 324. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 95 ■Circumstances in which it Hes at present, Do consent and agree that the same shall be sold, upon the Terms following (viz) that the Money arising from said Sale shall be converted to the Support of the Gospel in Mat- tituk, and we also bind not only ourselves but our Heirs, Executors, Administrators and Assigns to the perform- ance of the above Terms or Premisses as witness our hands this Ninth Day of February 1769." This is in the handwriting of Deacon Isaac Hubbard, and is signed by Isaac Hubbard, Barnabas Wines, Bar- nabas Terrel, Joseph Mapes, Thomas Reeve, John Cor- win, John Benjamin, James Reeve, Henry Pike, James Halliock, Richard Sweesy, Mica Howell, John Gardiner, Ebenezer Webb, and Petter Halliock. The next month, March 24th, 1769, a more explicit agreement was signed, providing that the proceeds of the sale of the parsonage "shall be devoted as a bank for the support of the gospel ministry according to ye presbyterian order in Mattituk," and that a committee, consisting of Thomas Reeve, Micah Howell and John 'Gardiner, and their successors, "shall have full power to hire out the sd money and dispose of the Interest for the support of the gospel ministry yearly and not to have any liberty to dispose of any of the principal otherwayes unless it be to pay out of ye principal their parts that do not live in ye parrish." The signatures to this paper were witnessed by John Wickham and Joseph Man. What were "the difficult circumstances" under which the parsonage lay does not appear. The third pastor, the Rev. Nehemiah Barker, was here then, living in a house •erected at his own expense, on the south side of the North Road, not far from the present Canning Factory. g6 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. Perhaps the parsonage building was out of repair ; per- haps it had been destroyed by fire. None can tell. There does not survive in Mattituck even a tradition that there ever was such a parsonage. The parsonage was sold and was probably bought by Micah Howell, whose descendants afterwards owned it,, but the deed is not on record. The "bank" was carried on for over forty-five years, and had a capital of nearly a thousand dollars. When the "Union Parish" was in- corporated, in 1817, a parsonage farm of twenty-three acres was purchased a mile east of the Aquebogue (now Jamesport) Church. That farm probably represented the principal of the Mattituck bank, for after the incor- poration of Union Parish the bank disappears from his- tory. After the departure of Mr. Lamb the history of the parish is blank until 1747. In that year the Presbytery of Suffolk was organized, covering the eastern part of the old Presbytery of Long Island. At the organization of the Presbytery, at Southampton, Deacon James Reeve,, the son of the donor of the church lot, was present, and subscribed his name, as a representative of the Mattituck Church, to the covenant of organization on the 9th of April, 1747. The next year, we find from the Presby- tery's Records, Mattituck Parish applied to the Presby- tery "requesting Advice with Respect to a suitable can- didate for the Gospel Ministry," and further that the ministers "would afford them some Relief by their min- isterial Labours among them under their present desti- tute circumstances." At the next meeting the Rev. John Darbe (or Darby), a recent graduate of Yale College, offered himself as a candidate for the ministry, was A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 9/ licensed, and directed ''to preach to the Societies of Mat- tatuck and Aquebaug alternately till further orders, they having made application for supplies." The Aquebogue Parish had been established between 1720 and 1730, with its meeting house erected in 1731 at the place known since 1835 as Jamesport. Its pastor, the Rev. Nathaniel DARBY'S BRANCH. Mather, died in 1748, the year before Mr. Darby was directed to preach there and in Mattituck. Mr. Darby came to Mattituck in April, 1749, and continued to supply the two churches for two years. He probably occupied the Mattituck parsonage property, and it is presumably from him that "Darby's Branch," reach- ing out from the west side of Mattituck Creek to the- north end of the parsonage land, takes its name. At the 98 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. end of Mr. Darby's first year Mattituck had its first and only heresy trial. The Presbytery was compelled to send a committee to Mattituck to "inquire into som« things alleged by some against doctrines delivered in his public preaching and countenanced in his private con- versation." The committee, consisting of the Rev. Messrs. Ebenezer Prime, Samuel Buell, David Youngs and James Browne, repaired to Mattituck, treated the people to a sermon by Mr. Prime in the morning, heard and considered the charges presented by Mr. Barnabas Turrel in the afternoon, took recess for the night, met again at 7 o'clock in the morning, completed the investi- gation, which included the reading of some of Mr. Dar- by's sermon manuscripts, and found that there was not sufficient ground for the complaints. It seems that the chief part of the congregation feared that this unfortu- nate opposition would drive Mr. Darby away, and they asked, "That the Presbytery would improve their inter- est and influence with Mr. Darby, engaging him to con- tinue with them some months longer." The Presbytery left it to his discretion whether to go or to remain. At the next meeting, in October, 1750, the same permission was renewed, and shortly after he seems to have with- drawn, though just when is uncertain. At Southampton, May 27th, 1752, a call from the united parishes of Mattituck and Aquebogue was placed by the Presbytery in the hands of the Rev. Joseph Park and by him accepted. It appears from Mr. Park's Rec- ord of Marriages that he was in Mattituck as early as January, 175 1. He was installed in the Mattituck Meet- ing House, June 9th, 1752, pastor of the two neighboring parishes. His ministry here was brief, for he was dis- A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 99 missed by the Presbytery, Feb. nth, 1756, and removed to New England. But he deserves to be held in lasting remembrance and gratitude in the parish, for he kept a Record and left the book behind him for his successors to continue. The following account of his call and installation, copied from the opening pages of his Record Book, is in- teresting : "May ye 27th 1752, Attended the Presbytery at South Hampton with Deacon James Reeve and Nath'll Warner Esqr, the Societies' Committee to represent to ye Ven- erable Presbytery ye Call given to Revd Joseph Park to the Pastoral Office &c. After Consideration the follow- ing letter was sent by the Presbytery: "The Presbytery of Sufifolk County met at South Hampton May ye 27, 1752. To ye Churches at Matta- tuck and Aquabaug, Greeting : ^'Dear Brethren in the Lord : *Tn Compliance with your Request to us we being freely Willing and ready to promote your Spiritual In- terests and rejoicing in your Desires and Endeavours to have the Gospel Worship established among you, have concluded to meet at ye house of Capt Barnabas Wines junior on ye 9th of June next at 8 o'clock in the Morn- ing in order to the Enstallment of your desired Pastor over you the next Day, if God in his Providence shall make the way clear for our Proceeding. And that things may be done regularly and according to the Gospel, we request and advise that those who have been members in full Communion should meet among yourselves to get into some readiness to unite together in a Church state lOO A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. under ye particular Pastoral Care of ye Revd Mr. Park^ that if there should be Objection against any of the Brethren or any thing of this Nature, it may be settled and accommodated in an orderly way. "We likewise desire that all the members Male and Female in full Communion would meet with us at ye time and Place above mentioned to make ready for your publick receiving of ye Revd Mr. Park as your Pastor under Christ. "We likewise advise you to set apart a Day for pub- lick solemn Fasting and Prayer to God for his gracious Influences and Blessings to succeed your Undertaking to his Glory and your Souls' spiritual good, and that you all unanimously seek those things which make for Peace and mutual Edification in [illegible]. "Praying that the God of Peace may be with you and bless you with all Spiritual Blessings in Christ Jesus, we remain your hearty Friends, your souls' well wishers, and Servants in our common Lord Jesus Christ. "SiLVs. White, Moderator" "June ye 4th 1752. Set apart a Day of publick Fast- ing and Prayer to God for his Direction and Blessing in resettling into a Church State. The Revd Mess. Throop and Paine attended and assisted. Revd Mr. Throop preach'd A. M. fr. Coll. 4.3. P. M. I preach'd fr. Luke 17. 7-10." Then follows a certified copy of minutes of Presby- tery: "Met at Mattatuck June ye 9. 1752 according to the previous appointment of ye Presbytery. Present, Mes- sieurs ye Revd Sylvs White, Azariah Horton, Samll A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. tOI Buell and James Brown. Mr White chosen Modr. Mr. Horton Clerk. "Post Preces Sederunt qui Supra. "The following Persons belonging to ye Pastoral Care of ye Revd Mr Lamb, and to the Pastoral Care of ye Revd Mr. Mather, or to any other Churches, who now live among them, agreed to embody and become one incorporated Church, and in Consequence hereof have chosen the Revd Mr Joseph Park to be yr Pastor, and will be ready on ye Day of his Installment to give yr publick Consent by yr Representatives to set under his Ministry, to be under his Pastoral Watch and yield sub- mission to him as in the Lord, and further that they will walk in ye Faith, Fellowship and Order of the Gospel, as Members of one and the same Body and do now give yr own personal express Consent hereto. Lieut Thos Reeve, Nath'll Warner Esq., Isaac Hubbard, Esq., James Reeve, Esq., Hezekiah Reeve, Sam'll Clark, junr, Joshua Wells, junr, Deborah Reeve, Sarah Reeve, Bethia Terril, Bethia Hubbard, Anne Hubbard, Hannah Corwin, Kezia Brown, Elizabeth Corwin, Mary Warner, Mary Parshill, Mary Reeve, Mary Leek, Rebekah Johnson, Mary Arm- strong and Hannah Soper. "The Presbytery finding the way clear appointed The Installment of the Revd Mr Joseph Park to be attended tomorrow morning at lo of ye Clock. "June ye lo Attended the Installment according to appointment. Mr. Horton began the solemnity with Prayer. Mr. Buell preached fr i Tim. 4.16. Mr. White presided, took Mr. Park's Engagement to the People, and ye Engagement to Him by ye representative Com- mittee, and gave the Charge. Mr. Brown made an ad- I02 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. dress to ye People. Mr. Throop made the last Prayer. Mr. Park pronounced the Blessing. "Ordered the Minutes of ye Presbytery to be read. Concluded with Prayer. "A true Copy attested by "Sylv. White, Mod "AZAR. HORTON, Clk." This document gives the earliest attainable list of the members of the Mattituck Church — or rather of the united churches of Mattituck and Aquebogue — 7 males and 15 females — the remnant of the flocks of Mr. Lamb in Mattituck, and Mr. Mather in Aquebogue. The Aquebogue Church, whose interests were linked with Mattituck's for a hundred years from this time, ex- cept for an interval between 1759 and 1788, was organ- ized about 1725. Some of the timbers of the meeting house built in 1731 are said to remain to this day in the Jamesport Church. During the latter part of Mr. Mather's pastorate the Aquebogue congregation, like many others at that time, became sadly disturbed and divided by a religious earth- quake that caused all the foundations to tremble, and made rents and upheavals in the religious world of which signs remain to this day. This was the time of George Whitefield's famous evangelistic tours through all the colonies from Georgia to New England. There was a wonderful religious awakening and thousands were con- verted. But as always in this world evil is mixed with the good, there arose sad contentions in this time of re- vival. As when iron filings are shaken in a magnetic field they group themselves about the opposite poles of A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. I03 the magnet, so in the reHgious agitation of those days most men became extremists, either as conservatives strenuously opposing the new and strange developments, or on the other hand going beyond reasonable bounds in a zeal for religious excitement and emotional irregu- larities. The Old Lights and the New Lights opposed each other bitterly, the former accusing the latter of fanatical extravagancies and zeal without knowledge, the latter charging the former with dead formalism. The Rev. James Davenport, the fourth pastor of Southold, was a type of the latter, claiming to be led by special spiritual illumination, preaching with high emotionalism, denouncing the more conservative ministers as spirtually dead, and calling upon the people in the churches to for- sake their "blind guides" and those who adhered to them, urging the Biblical injunction, "Come out from among them and be ye separate." Those who followed this in- junction were known as "Separates." The Upper Aque- bogue Church, founded in 1758, was an outgrowth of this separation. The Lower Aquebogue Church was sorely rent. In a footnote to his minutes of April, 1747, the Clerk of the Presbytery writes, "As some of Mr. Mather's Church and Congregation had turned Sepa- rates, so others appear'd to have a List that way." In all probability the charges brought by Barnabas Terrell against the Rev. John Darby were an outgrowth of the same controversy. It is noticeable that Mr. Terrell, though still living, was not among the members who joined in receiving Mr. Park as their pastor. Perhaps others also in Mattituck had separated themselves, though there is no evidence that the Mattituck church was seriously torn by the controversies of the time. Prob- 104 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. ably the membership had never been very large, and eight or ten years without a pastor would naturally account for some shrinkage. At any rate, there were only twenty-two communicants, representing the two churches, upon Mr. Park's taking up the pastorate. Of these twenty-two members, fourteen belonged cer- tainly to Mattituck, five to Aquebogue and the residence of the other three, Mary Leek, Rebekah Johnson and Mary Armstrong, is uncertain. The first named, Lieut. Thomas Reeve, now a man of 65 years, was the Thomas Reeve who had settled some forty years before near the present residence of Bryant S. Conklin, north of the highway. His brother James, who gave the land for the church, had died in 1732. Nathaniel Warner, Esq., was of Aquebogue, and was the son-in-law of Capt. James Reeve, the donor of the land. Isaac Hubbard, Esq., was the first of the Hubbards, so far as known, in Mattituck. The Bethiah Hubbard, mentioned later in the list, was his wife. They were the parents of John Hubbard who kept the hotel, and of Deacon Nathaniel Hubbard, and of Anne Hubbard, men- tioned in the list of communicants. Bethiah Hubbard was daughter of Thomas and Bethiah (Terry) Gold- smith, and granddaughter of Richard Terry, one of the original settlers of Southold. James Reeve, Esq., was the eldest son of Capt. James Reeve, was then a man of 40 years, and succeeded his father and grandfather on the Furrier property. The Mary Reeve mentioned later was his wife, Mary Hud- son, the daughter of Robert Hudson, Esq., of East Hampton. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. IQ: Hezekiah Reeve was a cousin of Lieut. Thomas and Capt. James Reeve, being son of Joseph and grandson of I St Thomas.' It is uncertain when he located in Matti- MRS. ENCY HUBBARD CLEVELAND, Daughter of Deacon Nathaniel Hubbard, wife of the late Moses C. Cleveland, of Southold. tuck. He was twice married, both of his wives being Mattituck women. He married in 1709 Jerusha Hallock, daughter of 2d Wilham. She died in 1738, and in 1739 he married Rachel Mapes. His youngest son was Pur- I06 A PIISTORY OF MATTITUCK. rier Reeve, named for his great-great-grandfather Fur- rier. Samuel Clark, Jr., was son of Samuel Clark who lived near the residence of La Monte Gould. Joshua Wells, Jr., was probably the son of Craavit Wells and Sarah, the daughter of Capt. James and Deb- orah Reeve. He is mentioned in the will of his grand- mother, Deborah. He was a member of the Aquebogue Church. Deborah Reeve was the widow of Capt. James, liv- ing with her son, James Reeve, Esq. Sarah may have been daughter of William, son of ist Thomas. Bethiah Terrell was the eldest daughter of Barnabas Terrell. The following year she married Major Silas Horton of Cutchogue, and after his death she married John Wickham. Hannah and Elizabeth Corwin were both of Matti- tuck. Hannah was Hannah Ramsay, wife of 2d Theo- philus, who lived on the line of the old highway near Jas. J. Kirkup's farm house. Elizabeth was Elizabeth Goldsmith, wife of 3d John. Keziah Brown was of the Aquebogue Church. Mary Warner was of Aquebogue, probably the daugh- ter of Nathaniel. Mary Parshill was the widow of Capt. Israel Parshall who had died in 1738. His first wife was Joanna Sw'ezy and her tombstone is in the Mattituck graveyard. His second wife was the Widow Terry, who was Mary Gar- diner, daughter of David. Capt. Israel and his second wife were cousins. He was son of James Parshall, Gen- tleman, and Elizabeth (Gardiner) Parshall, the daughter A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. lO/ of David the son of Lyon. Israel Parshall bought land in Aquebogue west of Mattituck and north of the North Road in 1705 and 1724. He had one son, Israel, who removed to Orange County, as did many other men of Southold Town. He had five daughters : Jemima who married Jonathan Terry, Joanna who married Christo- pher Youngs, Elizabeth who married Joseph Davis, Kezia who married Joseph Mapes, and Experience who married Daniel Reeve. Mary Leek, Rebekah Johnson and Mary Armstrong it is difficult to place. Philip Leek, perhaps husband of Mary, united with the church the next year. Hannah Soper belonged to a family that appears in the Church Records for some years. In 1755 Ebenezer Soper was baptized and united with the church. They were probably husband and wife. In 1762 Rachel Soper, probably their daughter, married John Clark, Jr. John and Rachel (Soper) Clark had children, John, Dorothy, Hannah, Mary, Desire, and Ebenezer Soper. Mr. Park brought with him his wife, Abigail, a son Thomas and a daughter Anne. These three were re- ceived into the church on certificate from "The Chris- tian Church or Society in Charles Town," Mass. From this we gather that, unlike his predecessors and most of his successors, he was a man no longer young when he came to Mattituck. During his ministry there were added to the church, besides his wife and children, Philip Leek, Abigail Horton, wife of John, Jr., Isaac Howell, Mary Wells, wife of Deacon Joshua, and Ebenezer Soper, making the communicants thirty in all. Mr. Park baptized no less than 83 children during four years in Mattituck and Aquebogue. These of course I08 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. were not all, or many of them, children of the little band of communicants. It was customary then in the churches of New England and Long Island to baptize on the "half- way covenant," or the "indulgent plan," as it was some- times called. Parents who themselves had been baptized, though not communicants, upon owning the baptismal covenant were permitted to present their children for baptism. The fact that baptisms averaged more than twenty a year shows that most of the families in the neighborhood were adherents of the church. The parish was large, extending from the limits of Cutchogue parish, which was organized in 1732, indefin- itely westward. The Brookhaven parish, with its Meet- ing House at Setauket, was the nearest in that direction. The county court house had stood "at the River head" for some twenty years, but there were few dwellings near it and no church. Frequently Mr. Park preached in private houses, and baptized children, as far west as ■"the Wading River" and "St. George's Manor," and so ■did his successors for many years. The following entry in Mr. Park's Record Book is interesting and sheds light upon the ecclesiastical cus- toms of the time : "July ye '14th 1752. Att a Church Meeting regularly appointed and called at Mattituck Meeting House, then and there the following Votes were passed by the Church : "Vote I. That the Sacrament of the Lord's Supper •shall be attended every Seventh Sabbath after every Sacrament, alternately at Mattituck and Aquabauge. "Vote 2. That Ordinarily Every One who offer themselves to full Communion with this Church shall be A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. I09 propounded three Sabbaths before the Sacrament, And on the Lecture preparatory to the Sacrament shall offer themselves to the Church Acceptance." This shows that candidates for admission to the full communion appeared not before the session, but before the Church, according to the practice in Congregational churches. Confession of scandalous sins, as of drunken- ness or breach of the seventh commandment, were also made before the whole church, and it was not until 1767 that the session was recognized, and "at a meeting of the Church of Christ in Mattituck it was voted, That as for public Confession Cases that require it, It shall be made as usual in the broad Alley before the Congregation, Or before the Session, and declared by the Minister to the Congregation to have been there made upon the follow- ing Sabbath or as soon as He may judge convenient after said Confession is made before the Session." The eastern end of Long Island in its settlement was really a part of New England, and the churches were the churches of the New England Puritans. Many of them were Presbyterian, but their type of Presbyterian- ism was different from the Scotch type which has become the prevailing Presbyterianism of the United States. The Constitution of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America is practically the Constitution of the Scotch Church, in which the session is the governing body, and the Ruling Elder is an essential officer, while the Deacon, not a member of the session, is a subordinate officer, having charge of the funds collected for the poor, and sometimes of the temporalities of the congregation. In the New England and Long Island churches there was no session, there were no elders, and the deacon was no A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. the chief officer after the minister. As far as the Records inform us, there were no elders elected in the Mattituck Church until 1790, and then and long after deacons were still elected with dignity and authority at least equal to the elders. The first regular record of a session meeting in this church is of date, Dec. 22d, 1826. The inscrip- tions in the burying ground show how precious and hon- orable was the name "Deacon." If a deacon died his title was sure to be engraved upon his tombstone. In several instances the same man was elected both deacon and elder. His monument in the church yard will show that the "Deacon" was buried there. And to this day the name "Deacon" is sacred in the ears of Long Island- ers as of New Englanders. Few of the churches of east- ern Long Island have the deacon of the now established system, probably because it goes against the grain to con- fer the sacred name upon an inferior officer. Thomas Reeve and his nephew James Reeve were already deacons when Mr. Park came to Mattituck. Joshua Wells, rep- resenting Aquebogue, was chosen a deacon of the church in 1755- Mr. Park seems to have been useful and acceptable in his charge, but the people found it difficult to support him. At his request he was released by the Presbytery from his pastorate, Feb. nth, 1756, and he removed to New England. At that time ministers were not so hard to secure as in the early days of the parish, but they were still far less numerous than the churches, and Mat- tituck and Aquebogue were fortunate in securing a new minister almost immediately. The Rev. Nehemiah Barker was pastor of the South Church in Killingly, Conn. The people of Mattituck A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. Ill and Aquebogue invited him to visit them with a view to settlement. On his way he visited the Presbytery, meeting at Southampton, Jmie 2d, 1756, and that body expressed approval of the proposed settlement. Un- daunted by their recent difficulty in caring for the tem- poral needs of Mr. Park, the congregation agreed to pay the expenses of moving Mr. Barker's family from Kill- ingly, in addition to providing a stipulated salary, and, alas, this caused trouble afterwards. Mr. Barker was a remarkably fine penman, and his records are beautifully engrossed. The first entry in his Journal is, "]u\y [1756] John Corwin and Sarah his wife owned their Baptismal Covenant and John their first born was baptized." John Corwin and Sarah Hubbard had been married March 20th,- 1755, by Mr. Park. To show how closely those days are linked with these : the child baptized that July day in 1755 became Major John Corwin, who was the grandfather of the late Mrs. Bethiah (Reeve) Cox. John Corwin the senior became an elder in 1790, and was accordingly known as Deacon John Corwin, and is so described on his tombstone. He ■died in 18 17, aged 81. His great-granddaughter, Mrs. Cox, who died in her ninety-second year, in 1902, in the full and happy possession of her mental faculties, re- membered him distinctly. Thus these two lives that touched each other in the early part of the last century, spanned the years from 1736 to 1902. Between Dec, 1756, and Oct., 1770, a space of four- teen years, Mr. Barker solemnized sixty marriages, all the well-known family names of the neighborhood ap- pearing in the list. And during these few years he per- formed no less than one hundred and seventy baptisms. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. II3 He received twenty-four persons into the communion of the church. These were : Ruth Goldsmith, widow of Joshua, the eldest son of Joseph Goldsmith the blacksmith, Ruth was a daughter of Deacon Thomas Reeve. Zerubabel Halliock, who was received in January, 1761, and died the following April. He was a son of Thomas, and grandson of William, one of the first set- tlers of Mattituck. The name Zerubabel was carried through four generations, ist Zerubabel married Esther Osman in 1719, and had sons, Zerubabel, James, Joseph and Benjamin, and daughters Esther, who married ist Richard Steer Hubbard, and Eunice, who married 4th Barnabas Wines. Nearly all of the old families of Mat- tituck have the blood of Zerubabel Halliock in their veins. James Reeve, Jr., was the 4th James Reeve. He was a Lieutenant, and had married in 1755 Anna Wines, daughter of 3d Barnabas and Bethiah (Terrell) Wines. John Williamson, of the Williamsons of Laurel. Phebe Howell, widow of Isaac, son of ist Richard. She was mother of Daniel and Aiicah, and of daughters Phebe, Rachel and Hannah, the first of whom married Nathan Corwin and the second Jonathan Corwin. Esther Hubbard, the daughter of Zerubabel Halliock and wife of Richard Steer Hubbard. John Clark, son of John, Sr., and Anna Clark. Mar- ried, in 1762, Rachel Soper. Thomas Reeve, only son of Deacon Thomas, and brother of the widow Ruth Goldsmith above. His wife was Keziah Mapes, daughter of Joseph and Keziah (Par- shall) Mapes. 114 -'^ HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. Sarah Howell, wife of Micah. Phebe Tuthill, wife of Henry. Their daughter Anna married John Cleaves Symmes, whose daughter Anna married William Henry Harrison, 9th President of the United States. Keziah Reeve, wife of Thomas above. Anna Clark, wife of John, Sr., and mother of John above. Deborah Reeve, perhaps a daughter of Deacon James. William Wells, 5th Wm. Wells (1743-1825). Grand- father of Joseph Wells of Laurel. He was a harness maker, and married in 1769 Hannah Goldsmith, sister of the Rev. Benjamin Goldsmith. He built the house now the home of Joel Howell and lived there until the outbreak of war, when he moved to Connecticut, where his son John was born. In 1789 he purchased the Wells farm in Laurel. Obadiah Hudson. Lived south of road near Geo. H. Fischer's ice house, owning the land through from the Lake to the Sound. Bethiah Hudson, wife of Obadiah, and daughter of Capt. Isaac and Bethiah (Terry) Hubbard. Sarah Wells, daughter of Cravit and Sarah (Reeve) Wells. John Clark, Sr., father of John above. Peter Halloc, son of Peter, and grandson of ist Wil- liam. Joanna Halloc, wife of Peter. Dorcas, "negro wench of Peter Halloc" ; wife of Pomp. Experience Corwin, widow of Samuel, son of 2d Theophilus. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. II5 Hannah Wells, wife of William above, daughter of 3d John Goldsmith and sister of Rev. Benjamin Gold- smith. Selah Reeve, fourth son of Deacon James. Mr. Barker and his wife EHzabeth came to Mattituck with a little daughter, about a year old, bearing her mother's name. They had three children born in Matti- tuck, all daughters, Bethiah, Mary and Hannah. Bethiah died in her fourteenth year. These four might be sup- posed to have been "the daughters of the parsonage," but they were not, for Mr. Barker was at the expense of erecting his own house, as he had occasion to tell the Presbytery, and the parsonage was sold during his resi- dence in Mattituck, in 1769, as has been stated. His house stood on the south side of the North Road, not far from the site of the canning factory. Like his predecessor, Mr. Barker was constrained to ask the advice of the Presbytery because of defect in his temporal support, and it appears that the agreement to defray the expense of moving his family was not ful- filled. The Presbytery urged the two churches to fulfill their engagement, and gave Mr. Barker liberty to go or remain. In 1759 he was provisionally dismissed, being recommended to the New England churches in case he should conclude to leave. He settled the matter by with- drawing from Aquebogue and remaining in Mattituck. At what precise time he ceased to minister in Aquebogue is uncertain. It must have been about 1759 or 1760. In 1764 Benjamin Goldsmith was ordained and installed pastor of Aquebogue, and the records speak of "ye reset- tling of ye Gospel Ministry at Aquabauge" at that time. It appears that the two churches that could not support Il6 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. one minister between them, did better when each had the responsibility alone. Mr. Barker was never installed as pastor in Matti- tuck, but acted as a stated supply. In 1771 he had it in view "to settle with them as pastor for life," so that his relations with the people of Mattituck must have been altogether kindly. Alas for human plans, however, he died the next year, March loth, 1772, in the 52d year of his age. The last entry in his records bears date of Oct. 27th, 1 77 1. At the Presbytery meeting in Huntington that month he was present. In the Presbytery's minutes of the next April his death is noted. It would seem that he was suddenly laid aside from active labor after his trip to the October meeting of Presbytery, continued all through the winter, and died in the early spring. He was the first minister of this church to die in its service, and he was laid to rest in the church-yard beside his little daughter's fresh-made grave. His widow and her three children continued to re- side in Mattituck, and we may be sure that she was most kindly befriended by the people. Four years later Mrs. Barker became the wife of the Rev. John Davenport, then supplying this church, and her eldest daughter, Elizabeth, married Joseph Prince, of Southold village. For some time after Mr. Barker's death the neigh- boring ministers, the Rev. Benjamin Goldsmith of Aque- bogue among the number, saw that the Mattituck pulpit was supplied at least once a month. At the Presbytery at South Hampton, October, 1772, the Rev. Jesse Ives, "a member of ye Eastern Associa- tion of New London District," was present as a corre- sponding member, and the Presbytery signified its ap- A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 11/ proval when Deacon Micah Howell reported that the Mattituck Church had invited Mr. Ives "to Come and Preach among them." All that is known further of the Rev. Jesse Ives is that he baptized a few children here between Sept., 1772, and June, 1773, and solemnized one marriage. It is not generally known that Mattituck and Cutch- ogue were at one time under the care of the same min- ister, but such was the case for two years. In June, 1774, John Davenport, son of the famous James Daven- port, the fourth pastor of Southold, then recently grad- uated from Princeton College, was ordained by the Presbytery in East Hampton and was directed to supply the churches of Mattituck and Cutchogue alternately un- til the next stated meeting. He continued to supply them for two years. Dec. 28th, 1775, he married the widow of Mr. Barker. He was then twenty-three years of age, and his wife's oldest daughter was twenty. Prime tells us that "notwithstanding the great disparity of their ages" this proved a happy marriage. An interesting sketch of Mr. Davenport's life may be found in Dr. Epher Whitaker's History of Southold, p. 321. After leaving Mattituck and Cutchogue he continued for sev- eral years within the bounds of Suffolk Presbytery, and then removed to Deerfield, N. J. He died at Lysander, N. Y., July 13th, 1821. Prime says, "He was one of the first ministers on the Island that refused to administer baptism on the indulgent plan." Reference to his Record Book confirms this statement, as his baptisms were few and were of children of members in full communion. Evidently with intent to supply a need that this course created he kept a "Record of Births in Mattituck Par- Il8 A "HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. ish." This was a brave as well as proper stand for Mr. Davenport to take. More than one able minister on the Island was unsettled because of strictness in this matter. Today it is well established that the children of such only as profess their faith in Christ and obedience to Him are to be baptized. CHAPTER V. MATTITUCK IN REVOLUTIONARY TIMES. Mr. Davenport shepherded the flocks at Mattituck and Cutchogue during the first part of the Revolutionary period. Neither his records nor the fragmentary notes following make express reference to the trials of those days. But it is a matter of well-known history that all the people of Long Island were sorely pressed in those terrible years. Because of the distractions and terrors of the war-time there was no meeting of the Suffolk Presbytery from Oct. 31st, 1775, to April 4th, 1784.. Nothing could indicate more clearly than this the dis- tressing situation of the ministers* and their suft'ering people. British troops were encamped in Mattituck ort the land where the parsonage and athletic grounds now are. A twenty-acre lot lying along the highway from the present residence of Joel C. Howell to the Lake was long known as the "camp lot." The house across the highway, the homestead of Deacon Thomas Reeve, was used as headquarters for the officers. Many officers were quartered in the houses of the people. The products of the farms were taken to supply the invading army. *The name of the Rev. John Storrs, the pastor of Southold, appears in the Connecticut records as a refugee from Long: Island, and it is probable that Mr. Davenport, of Mattituck, and many others of the ministers, were so outspoken in their patriotism that thej' were compelled to flee from the Island. 120 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. If the meeting house was not used for barracks the British were more considerate here than in many other places. Many of the younger men left the Island to fight for freedom. Some patriotic fathers removed their families across the Sound to Connecticut. It was be- cause of such removal of William Wells that his son John, the father of Joseph Wells of Laurel, . was born in Connecticut. Some, like James Corwin, the probable builder of the old Corwin house in Mattituck, never re- turned. Those who remained on the Island were compelled to swear allegiance to King George. Some did this with good grace, and some of necessity. To none was it so distasteful as we are disposed to imagine. The men of that day had all the inveterate respect and affection for the sovereign that British subjects have today. The revolution began in protest against injustice, but with loyalty to the king unimpaired, and with no thought of ultimate separation. Washington, when he took com- mand of the continental army, desired to right the wrongs of the colonies but "abhorred the idea of independence." Thomas Jefferson was of the same mind. Reasonable concessions and a conciliatory spirit on the part of the king would have ended the struggle before it was welt begun. Loyal subjects who asked for nothing but re- dress of grievances were treated as rebels, stern and un- just oppression followed, and eventually the sovereign whom they loved was become the tyrant whom they hated. Before things had gone to such lengths the peo- ple of Long Island were forced to make their decision, for the British forces were in absolute possession. Some of the best and most honorable men of the Island were A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 121 thoroughly loyal to the British crown and were after- wards despised as Tories, and- suffered the confiscation of their estates. Some were on fire with colonial pa- triotism and could do nothing but flee to parts not occu- pied by British troops. Most were undecided, as most of the men at that time in any of the colonies would have been under similar circumstances, and let necessity shape their course. Their homes, their lands, their flocks and herds, all their wealth, present and prospective, were on the Island, and the Island was wholly in the hands of the army of King George. To flee was to leave all and go out empty-handed. For the aged, the sick, those en- cumbered with dependent families, flight was impossible. The few who had ready money might flee with some hope, young men or Unattached men might flee, but the majority had no choice but to remain and give up their arms and take the oath of allegiance. Many who had fought in the disastrous battle of Long Island had noth- ing for it, when once the invaders were established in the Island, but to return to their homes and families and submit to the inevitable. There were no other people in all the bounds of the colonies so helpless as the Long Islanders, utterly cut off from their fellow Americans. And there were no people of the colonies who suffered ■more. The farmers were required to give large portions of their grain and other crops, and all their hay and ■straw to the invading army. For these things they were supposed to receive receipts, with view to future pay- ment, but they never were repaid. Besides this, the sol- diers, with little restraint, committed continual outrages upon the defenseless people. A story is handed down of how Joanna (Mapes) Corwin, the wife of Major 122 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. John Corwin, bravely withstood a British officer who proposed to turn his horses into her husband's wheat- field. Such outrages were common. The men were made to haul, dig, build and perform all manner of labor for the army. Many were abused and maltreated, and those whose loyalty was under suspicion were beaten and sometimes killed. Those whose loyalty was beyond question, such as held commissions in the colonial militia but had refused to fight against the mother country, were given special protection papers in which "All officers,, soldiers or followers of the army are hereby strictly for- bid to molest or injure" the designated man or his fam- ily or property. But if such protection was required for these, it is readily understood that the state of the unpro- tected was almost intolerable. As for those who fled from the Island, their farms were by express order sub- ject to the pillage of the soldiers. Added to the burden of the insolent and rapacious British troops was the misery inflicted upon the peo- ple by Americans making incursions from the Sound. The State of Connecticut commissioned many men as captains of small armed boats for service in Long Island Sound and to make predatory incursions against the British in the Island. For instance, at a meeting of the Governor's Council of Safety,* May 22, 1779, it was voted, "That his Excellency the Governor be desired tO' deliver to Colo. Davenport three blank commissions to be by him filled up for persons to go to Long Island to take and capture the enemies of the united American States r Such persons as commissioned to give sufficient bonds ♦Records of the State of Connecticut, 1776-1780, Vol. II., p. 346. o H O 4) •1 ^1 g^ .3 t t^ b, ;i^ 124 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. not to plunder any of the inhabitants of said island or to exceed the instructions that may be given them." It will be seen from this, as from many similar indications, that the people on the main land understood the position of the Long Islanders, and regarded them as friends. However,. "sundry and repeated complaints" were made* ^'that persons under authority of commissions given to armed boats to go on shore on Long Island to act against the' enemy . . . have unjustly and cruelly plundered many of the friendly inhabitants." Some of these complaints related to depredations in or near Mat- tituck, and are- of interest. A number of- the captains of these armed boats were Long Islanders. Such was Capt. Peter Hallock, a West Mattituck man. To him and his associate, Jonathan Solomons (Salmon) the fol- lowing letter was addressed by Governor Trumbull :'f - ' "Lebanon, Augt nth 1778. "Gentn : It being represented and complained to rne that sundry persons belonging to your or one of your armed boats commissioned to cruise on the Sound have, contrary to the tenor-of your commission and bond, made descents upon the island of Long Island and plundered the inhabitants of their stock and effects, and that with- out distinction, and in particular have lately violently taken about six oxen from Colo. Phinehas Fanning and brought over to this State — this conduct you must be sensible, is unwarrantable and renders you liable on your bonds &c. I would, with the advice of my Council, ad- vise you, or either of you, so far as you may be respect- *Records of the State of Connecticut, 1776-1780, Vol. II., p. 11(X tibid., Vol. II., p. 110. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. I25 ively concerned to settle — compound the matter with Colo. Fanning, and restore him his property, lest you be exposed to further consequences. "1 am, your humble servant, Jonth Trumbull.'^ Capt. Peter Hallock was then about fifty years of age, and should have known better. Perhaps he held some old grudge against his neighbor Col. Fanning. Or per- haps it was not Peter Hallock at all, but Jonathan Sal- mon who was to blame. A similar letter* written the week before is of even greater local interest in Matti- tuck. It recites that "Mr. John Gardiner, late of South- old, now of Norwich, has represented to me and my Coimcil of Safety, that in an excursion made by you upon Long Island about three weeks ago, among a number of horses and cattle you took from other people and brought off, you took a large dark-brown white-faced two year old stallion from him ; also a white- faced sorrel mare from Parnel Wickham of said Southold, which mare was given her by her grandfather. It being beyond the limits of your commission to go upon the land, or any orders received from me, and said Gardiner being a friendly refugee, it is thought advisable you should settle with him and prevent trouble. Also it is said that Miss Wickham is a friend and the owner of said mare: that being the case you will think it advisable to settle with respect to the mare likewise." The John Gardiner referred to was the proprietor of Gardiner's Neck, the Indian Pessepuncke Neck, in Matti- tuck. He returned home, and dying in 1795 was buried in the Mattituck churchyard. His wife did not long ♦Records of the State of Connecticut, 1776-1780, Vol. II., p. 107. 126 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. survive the trials of the war, dying in 1781, in her fifty- first year. Miss Parnel Wickham, the owner of the sorrel mare with the white face, just one year later, Aug. 1st, 1779, became the wife of James Reeve, who had served as an Ensign in the battle of Long Island. Parnel Wickham was a daughter of Joseph and Abigail (Par- ker) Wickham, and lived in Cutchogue at the time of the raid. She was sister to Parker, Joseph, Thomas, John, and Daniel Hull Wickham, and to Elizabeth and Sarah, who ten years later married Samuel Reeve, brother of James. She became the mother of James W. and Irad Reeve, and has many descendants in Mattituck. The incursions from the Sound, raiding the farms of Col. Phineas Fanning in the west and of John Gardiner and the Wickhams in the east, were probably made from Mattituck Creek, which offered an admirable and se- cluded landing place for the armed boats. Judging from these instances of outrage perpetrated upon the most in- fluential families, some notion can be formed of the hardships suffered by those who had no influence suffi- cient to secure them redress. For most of the people the years of the British occupation of the Island must have been a time of helpless suffering, when they were ground between the upper and nether mill-stones. The refugees in Connecticut suffered; though in a different way. They were not oppressed by the British or pillaged by the American soldiers, but after their little store of money was gone they were in sore straits. It appears that they found no remunerative employment in^ the Connecticut towns, and the Connecticut records are full of petitions from them to be permitted to make ex- cursions to the Island to secure stores and clothing from A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 12/ their old homes, or even to sell their farms that they might secure means for the support of their families in ■exile. It was necessary to secure permission for these excursions, for all communication between Long Island and the main land was forbidden by law. In January, 1780, the Connecticut legislature, formally enacting what had been for two or three years the policy pursued in be- half of the refugees, passed the following :* "Whereas there is in this State a number of refugees from Long Island who have been drove out from their peaceable habitations merely for their attachment to the American cause, some of which have left their families, others their goods and effects, and are greatly straitened for a subsistence here for want of them, and by the bonds of humanity are in some way and manner to be relieved, "It is therefore resolved by this Assembly, That in the recess of the Assembly his Excellency the Governor by and with the advice of the Council of Safety are hereby authorized and impowered to hear the applica- tion of any person or persons of the aforesaid character, and to grant permission to such person or persons as they may judge proper, to go to Long Island and to bring their families and effects, under such regulations and restrictions as they may judge proper : Always pro- vided that they never give permission to carry on any kind of provision except stores for the voyage, nor to bring off any British goods or merchandise, nor to any persons but such as shall be well recommended by the civil authority in and selectmen of the towns in which such refugees reside." *Records of the State of Connecticut, 1776-1780, Vol. II., p. 464. 128 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. When such permission was gained it was availed of at great peril, for the refugees were in danger of cap- ture and imprisonment at the hands of the British. The mouth of Mattituck Creek was often entered under cover of darkness, and the refugees went secretly to their homes and their friends and secured such clothing and stores as they could without coming under observation of the enemy. It seems probable that the secluded place about "Kidd's Tree" was a rendezvous for these refugees and their friends. This ancient tree or group of trees, near the beach and not far from the mouth of the creek, stands in the midst of a grassy sanctuary shut in on all sides by hills and dense growth of lesser trees and bushes and climbing vines. Now a favorite picnic ground for small parties, its natural beauty and enchanting solitude are enhanced by the immemorial tradition that links the spot with the famous Captain Kidd. Whether that inter- esting individual ever hid himself or his booty under the shelter of the tree that bears his name is doubtful, but there is little doubt that in Revolutionary times the place afforded a somewhat safe retreat for the adventurous refugees from across the Sound, as well as for the ma- rauding parties that came from Connecticut to harass the British invaders. Even when the refugees had successfully eluded the enemy and with their stores gathered on the Island were well away and back' again in Connecticut waters, they sometimes fell victims to the rapacity of those who were presumed to be their friends. In May, 1778, a memorial was presented to the Connecticut legislature* from "Jona- *Records of the State of Connecticut, 1776-1780, Vol. II., p. 76. 130 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. than Havens, Benjamin Conklin and others, refugees from Long Island now residing in this State, showing that they by legal permit from the authority of this State lately brought from said Island each a small parcell of tea, lin- nen cloath, woolen and other goods, for the use of their distressed families, to the amount of what would cost them, as such goods are now sold, the sum of about one thousand pounds, which they received from their friends on said Island as the avails of the produce of their estates sold upon said Island in order to prevent the same from falling into the hands of the enemy ; that their said goods and effects were in a lawless manner taken from them by one Lieut. White and his associates belonging to the continental frigate called the Trumbull, and by one Combs and his associates commanding a whale boat, vis. : at Say- brook in the county of New London, who refuse to de- liver the same." Examination was made into these charges, which were found true, and the Secretary of State was directed to issue execution against the offend- ing officers for the recovery of the goods, or one thousand pounds as their equivalent in money, with costs. In spite of these perils communication between the main land and the Island was continually kept up. When there was a raid on the Island the refugees in the Con- necticut towns heard of it as certainly as if there had been a submarine cable, and of other events they also had word. On Oct. 28th, 1779, James Corwin, then resid- ing at Guilford, was granted permission* to visit Long Island upon a memorial "showing that his wives father hath lately deceased at Southold on said Island and left ♦Records of the fo'tate of Connecticut, 1776-1780, Vol. II., p. 438. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. I3I an estate to his children, and praying for hberty to go over and receive and bring off his wives part of said moveable estate." According to the Corwin Genealogy his wife's father was William Horton. A week later, one Shipman was ''permitted to go to Long Island for the purpose of marrying a wife, as also to bring away his wife with her effects, un- der the direction of the commandant of the fort at Say- brook." An interesting case, throwing light upon the condi- tions of the time is that of Nathaniel Norton and Azariah Tuthill, of Long Island. Their memorial,* Jan., 1780, sets forth ''that the said Norton sustains the office of a captain and said Tuthill that of an ensign, in the army of the United States; that on their return to said Guil- ford to their surprise they found that their families in their absence had been under the disagreeable necessity of going on to Long Island; that the memorialists are very destitute of cloathing, and have little or no interest in this State whereby they might be supplied therewith, and are exceedingly desirous to visit their families." This petition was of course granted. That a captain and lieutenant of the American army were reduced to such extremities illustrates vividly the distresses of the unpaid soldiers and the hardships suffered by their families. Such instances help us to realize the great price paid by the patriots for our liberties. In 1780 the British forces, greatly needed elsewhere, were withdrawn from eastern Long Island, and many of the refugees returned. The petition of Silas Halsey, in ♦Records of Connecticut, 1776-1780, Vol. II., p. 489. 132 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. April, 1780, for permission to return to his home in Southampton, recites* that the enemy had "withdrawn from that part of the island and left them in the peace- able enjoyment of their estates." In Marchf of that year "John Wells and Timo. Welles his son in law, residing at Preston, refugees from Long Island," obtained per- mission to pass over to Long Island to see after and take o& their considerable effects left there about three years since and of which they have not heard; . . . they being well recommended by the authority and selectmen of Preston." This John Wells was the third son of 2d Joshua, and therefore a great-grandson of ist William. His "considerable" estate consisted of Poole's Neck in Cutchogue, about 300 "acres. Timothy was his nephew as well as his son-in-law, having married John's daugh- ter Mary, a cousin. Timothy and Mary were great- grandparents of John C. Wells of Mattituck. The visit of the Wellses to Cutchogue in March con- vinced them that final return was safe, and the next rhonth, April, 1780, they gained permission to remove to the old home, "where," they say, "they have a consid- erable estate in lands," adding, "that they have expended the greater part of their moveable estate for their sup- port since their residence in this State, and are now re- duced to indigence and want ; praying that they may have liberty to return to their farm on Long Island with their moveable estate, with a sufficient quantity of provision to- support their families until wheat harvest, with one cow, one horse and two swine for each of the memorialists." The British soldiers had been unable to carry away with *Records of Connecticut, 1776-1780, Vol. II., p. 538. tibid., Vol.' 11;, p. 512. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 133 them the "considerable estate in lands," and the house was still standing, but the great flocks and herds that the owner must have possessed when he fled from the Island were gone, so that it was necessary to begin over again with a few animals carried across the Sound in a sloop. John Wells prospered, however, and a few years later he was able to purchase the adjoining Pequash Neck from his cousin James, the son of the 4th WilHam, and brother of William the grandfather of Joseph Wells, of Laurel. Dying in 1797, he left the Pequash Neck to his daughter Abigail, the wife of Joseph Hull Goldsmith, and Poole's Neck to his daughters, Hannah Wells, and Sarah Fleet, the wife of John and afterwards of Rens- selaer Fleet. Hannah sold her half to Sarah, and the whole neck has since remained in possession of the Fleet family. Not all of the returned refugees were able to rehabili- tate their shattered fortunes. It was probably the losses of the war-time that pressed James Wells to part with the Pequash Neck. The records of mortgages for the years immediately following the war show that many men who had been wealthy were forced to borrow money on their lands. Among these were John Gardiner, Capt. Peter Hallock, Jonathan Osman, Obadiah Hudson, Par- shall Howell and the Corwins. Most of these men were unable to^ weather the storm and lost everything. Many fine properties that had been handed down from father to son for more than a hundred years passed to other families. While the refugees were frequently visiting the Island, the people remaining on the Island had occasion to visit the main land, and this intercourse was carried on under 134 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. strict regulation by the British authorities, just as that from the other side of the Sound was regulated by the State of Connecticut. The accompanying illustration, photographed from an original paper in the possession of N. Hubbard Cleveland, of Southold, exhibits the form of permission required in such cases. This particular permit, issued in April, 1780, about the time of the with- drawal of the invaders from eastern Long Island, is No. II, This probably means No. 11 of the year 1780, for there must have been many more than eleven permits issued in all the years of the occupation. Probably many expeditions from the Island were made surreptitiously, without permits. On the back of the permit illustrated is written the following: "No. 11. 7 April 80. Flag of Truce to San- ford in Connecticut to fetch Miss Hubbard and Mrs,' Aspinwalls Effects to Long Island. Passes No. 235,236." The numbers of the passes give a better idea than the number of the permit of the frequency of authorized communication with the main land. Accompanying the permit, among the papers in Mr. Cleveland's possession, is a letter, recommending its issu- ance, from David Mathews, the Tory Mayor of New York City, to Captain Adye, Aid-de-Camp to the Com- mandant, stationed at the office of Police. It is as fol- lows: No. II. Sir We beg leave to recommend Mr. Isaac Hubbard to the Commandant for a Flag to proceed to Stanford in Connecticut in order to bring from thence a Sister of his who he wishes to have here, as he is in a Situation N-"-// • ' '■ Forces, t '.,...•; .,ui;JreJ and Eigk/.- ' Comm^ivJ of the GEXERyJt, To al! whom it may concern. BRITISH PERMIT FOR FLAG OF TRUCE. From original in possession of N. Hubbard Cleveland, of Southold. 136 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. to support her, and her Situation at present is rather dis- agreeable as being among Rebells. We are Sir Your most obedt. Office of PoHce Humbl Servts 5th April 1780 Mathews Captain Adye. ■ Mayor. It is easily understood that the statement as to Miss Hubbard's situation being "rather disagreeable as being among Rebells" was the natural explanation of Mayor Mathews, and not necessarily the feeling of the Hub- bards. On the back of Mathews' letter is written a list of the articles which "Mr. Hubbard requests permission to take with him." These are, "50 lb. sugar, i Bushell Salt, I Loaf Sugar, 10 yds. Callico, i Linnen, 12 yds. Cambrick and Gauze, 6 lb. Tea, 6 lb. Chocolate, 1000 Needles, i pack Pins, i lb. pepper, i lb. Alspice, 2^ yd. Broad Cloath, i Dozn. Knives and Forks, i sett Cups and Saucers, ^ Spices, 20 lb. Coffee." This list is marked "No. 236," the number of the second pass. This was evideijtly _for the inspection of the British officers. The "flag of truce" was also most probably for their benefit, for it is not likely that peaceable Long Islanders needed a flag of truce from the British authorities to pro- tect them on the Connecticut shore. Neither is anything said in the Connecticut Records about flags of truce for parties visiting Long Island, although minute regula- tions are set down concerning their expeditions. Sched- ules of articles to be carried, either going or returning. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. n7 were required by the Connecticut authorities as .well as by the British. /a" ^..- O: .,,,',,.>' , ^/. • , .z ./.-, ///:.:... ^..... .=>„^ v^,-. ,'^-:,,„A^, 't'(7U < '-i^ ' ' L ZITi C: ^-x; V.I -V • X 142 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. nial Government. Lieut. John Corwin was a Mattituck man, afterwards Major Corwin. His seven daughters married Asaph Young, John Hubbard, John Clark, John Wells, Simeon Conklin, Benjamin Reeve and Isaiah Ben- jamin, and their descendants are many in Mattituck and elsewhere. Ensign Nathaniel Hudson was a Mattituck or Franklinville man. Lieut. David Horton was a Cutch- ogue man, son of Major Silas and Bethiah (Terrill) Hor- ton. His mother was a Mattituck woman. It is difficult to say to what branch of the Reeve family Capt. Paul belonged. He was a member of the Aquebogue Church. The first Southold company was composed of men chiefly from the eastern part of the town. Capt. Paul Reeve's company was made up of men belonging to Mat- tituck and near villages. A complete roster of this com- pany, from papers handed down in the family of Col. Smith, is given, with others, by Mr. Wm. S. Pelletreau in Vol. II. of the recently published History of Long Island, p. 572. With Mr. Pelletreau's permission this is partly copied here, as of great interest to the people of Mattituck and vicinity, whose ancestors are described. A Muster Role of Capt. Paul Reeve's Company, Southold, Augst 5th 1776. Paul Reeve, Captain, statture 5 feet 8 inches; com- paction, dark ; age, 42 ; acutriments compleat. John Corwin, Lieutenant, 5 ft. 9 in., light, age 41. Joshua Benjamin, Lieutenant, 5 ft. 9 in., light, age 28. Whelock Booth, Sergeant, 5 ft. 6 in., dark, age 34. Nath'l Conkling, Sergeant, 5 ft. 10 in., dark, age 36. Steers Hubbard, Sergeant, 5 ft. 8 in,, dark, age 23. Jonathan Sollomon [Salmon], Corporal, 5 ft. 10 in., dark, age ^3- A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. I43 Constant Haven, Corporal, 5 ft. 10 in,, dark, age 45. Joshua Well, Corporal, 5 ft. 10, age 34. James Pershall, Drummer, 5 ft. 7, dark, age 22. John Fradrik Hudson, Fifer, 5 ft. 9, dark, age 20. Nathl. Overton, 6 ft., dark, age 24. John Goldsmith, 5 ft. 7, dark, age 29. Gilbert King, 5 ft. 6, light, age 18. John Goldsmith, Jr., 5 ft. i, dark, age 19. Joel Overton, 6 ft., dark, age 21. Richard Drake, 5 ft. 10, light, age 19. Stephen Halsey, 5 ft. 7, dark, age 19. Joseph Clea viand, 5 ft. 7, dark, age 17. Ishmel Reeve, 5 ft. 11, light, age 23. Ichobod Case, 5 ft. 8, light, age 24. Elijah Terry, 5 ft. 8, dark, age 19. Calvin Horton, 5 ft. 10, light, age 20. David Benjamin, 5 ft., light, age 17. Luther Reeve, 5 ft. 7, dark, age 17. John Calvin Wells, 5 ft. 4, dark, age 16. George Taylor, 5 ft. 4, light, age 48. James Reeve, 5 ft. 6, dark, age 24. Joshua Corwin, 5 ft. 8, dark, age 42. John Griffing, 5 ft. 7, light, age 38. Joshua Wells, Jr., 5 ft., dark, age 16. Peter Downs, 5 ft. 5, dark, age 47. Jeremiah Corwin, 5 ft. 4, dark, age 41. Isaac Wells, 6 ft., dark, age 30. Joshua Aldrige, 5 ft. 9, dark, age 25. Peter Hallock, 5 ft. 10, dark, age 22. " l^Jathan Corwin, 5 ft. 8, light, age 2"^. Thomas Corwin, 5 ft. 10, light, age 22. Nathan Youngs, 5 ft. 10, dark, age 22. : 144 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. Nathan Corwin, Jr., 5 ft., dark, age 16. Samuel Hudson, 5 ft. 10, dark, age 37. Richard Benjamin, 5 ft. 4, light, age 18. John Hallock, 5 ft. 6, light, age 23. Jonathan Reeve, 5 ft. 8, dark, age 32. Ruben Brown, 5 ft. 10, light, age 39. John Terry, 5 ft. 9, light, age 22. Nathan Benjamin, 6 ft., dark, age 17. Ebenezer Hudson, 5 ft. 3, light, age 17. John Tuthill, 5 ft. 6, dark, age 46. Richard Wood, 5 ft. 7, dark, age 36. Richard Hallock, 5 ft. 5, dark, age 17. Amaziah Benjamin, 5 ft. 3, dark, age 35. Richard Brown, 5 ft. 11, dark, age 23. David Brown, 5 ft. 8, dark, age 29. William Reeve, 5 ft. 8, light, age 21. Nathl. Fanning, 5 ft. 11, light, age 21. Amasa Pike, 5 ft. 5, dark, age 17. Daniel Terry, 5 ft. 8, dark, age 19. John Pershall, 5 ft. 8, dark, age 19. James Detty, Jr., 5 ft. 11, light, age 24. All these fifty-seven men had "acutriments compleat." With the rest of Col. Smith's regiment they marched to Brooklyn before the middle of August, 1776, reaching there the 14th. They were in camp until the 22nd, when skirmishing with the enemy began. Fighting continued every day, especially the 27th and 28th, until they were ordered to cross to New York on the 29th, when by his successful retreat Washington saved his army, though he lost the battle. The Long Island regiment then dis- banded. Some of the men returned to their homes, while some enlisted in other regiments. The names of many A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. I45 Long Island men appear in regiments of Regulars, and many that are probably Mattituck men. But in those days few men had middle names, and they cannot be distinguished with certainty in long lists of names with- out residences. Occasionally an unusual name, such as Phineas Mapes, of the ist New York Regulars, marks one as a Mattituck man without doubt. All the well- known Mattituck names are scattered through the regi- ments of New York regulars, and certainly many of them served with the Connecticut troops. One of these was John Clark, 2d,* of Franklinville, who served as a pri- vate and who was a pensioner of the State of Connecti- cut, and afterwards of the United States. It is an interesting fact that the Town Meetings were held in Mattituck for five years followftig the battle of Long Island, from 1777 to 178 1. In the records of the meetings there is no clue given to the reason for this, and there is not even a traditional reason, for the fact seems to have passed from the public memory. In all probability the British authorities designated the place for the meeting, for such affairs were under their abso- lute control. In Mattituck they occupied a twenty-acre camp lot, and perhaps Mattituck, as being more central than Southold, was headquarters for the troops in South- old Town. If so, the Town Meeting was required to be held where it would be under the inspection and re- straint of the commanding officer. Certainly no business was transacted at these meetings that might not have *This John Clark was the grandfather of Miss Clark and Mrs. George E. Post, of the Clark House in Greenport. His wife- was Elizabeth, daughter of Major John Corwin, whom he mar- ried in 1796. 1, WAR DEPARTMENT. R«valDtlDiia)-y Clatia. / certijij tlioLJii co/ifarmitu icilk the !axc of the Viutcd Staffs of the Uh Jimt-, i»cii, ^/z?/ C ' f/7/-/l ' — ' ^' AoUurs I tea to n'ceire , / ' ce^ per annuL, dunnn hs natural lifi, enmrnenting mi the ith of Mitrch, lsVZ^3<- ^^^3, -.-. t^^ ^ y ei- ■» itf-/ - / ^ -i! ■^'"^(^Z /Sa.^. ^/-'. '>::< i^^ ""•'?:i .'A. " ; ^ii .^-i ,-- ^31 i,:^ i- . ^'/' . .^'-t -^ / ^ ic^„ c_ - -~^. '^Ti^. i.^;;-'_... . • ^ ,4 ,i-t_ ^^, ^«*X^_- - i^t ^aC/^^^ « it i ^^=1^ ^ -•w -^ ^-1:^^' -■*£:.■ ' ^ ^1 .zy'^.r^-i /<-<.. ^ ' - MINUTES OF PARISH MEETING, March 10, 1830, to arrange for the erection of the second Meeting House. 172 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. Returning in 1839, Mr. Luce gave not half but all his time to the Union Parish until 1845. Owing to the withdrawal of the Middle District there were only sixty-eight names on the Union Parish roll July 4th, 1 83 1. Within a year sixty-three new names were added. This was the second revival under Mr. Luce's ministry. Under Mr. Gilbert, in 1838, eleven persons were re- ceived into the communion. One of these was Patience Corwin, now Mrs. Hamlin. Hers is the earliest name on the Union Parish roll that is on the Mattituck roll at this time. H Mr. Luce had continued with the Union Parish without the interim of four years, his pastorate would have covered twenty years. After his final departure in 1845 he yet lived twenty years, dying at the ripe age of seventy-five, Oct. 23d, 1865. On his tombstone, that stands on the highest ground in the Jamesport burying- ground, near the western end, these words are carved, quoted from his half-century sermon before the Presby- tery of Long Island, delivered in 1840: "I hope for salvation by grace through the atoning blood of Christ. I know no other way; I desire no other." A fitting inscription this, taken from his own words, to sum up the faith and hope of a faithful minister of the changeless gospel. Mr. Luce was a man of solid, rugged character. He labored hard for Christ's sake, and the sake of souls, not for filthy lucre. The Rev. James T. Hamlin is authority for the statement that his salary in Union Parish could not have exceeded $250 a year. The same competent A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 17J witness, who knew him well for nearly twenty years, characterizes him as "a plain and practical preacher." Mr. Luce was a man of prominence and influence in the Presbytery, and was its Stated Clerk from 1836 to 1841. CHAPTER VII. CHURCH HISTORY FROM 1845 TO THE PRESENT TIME. In the preceding chapter the parish history from Rev- olutionary times to 1845 was traced. In 1845 the Rev. Abraham Luce concluded his ministry in Mattituck. It remains to set forth in this chapter the church history of Modern Mattituck, from 1845 to the present time, and this will include the Methodist Episcopal Church, es- tablished in 1853, and the Protestant Episcopal Church, founded in 1877. After an interval of two years following the depart- ure of Mr. Luce, in which the Rev. Edward Harris among others served as supply, God in His providence sent to Mattituck the man who was destined to surpass all his predecessors in potent influence upon the people, to see the Union Parish dissolved and the Mattituck Church begin again its individual existence, to direct and confirm the Mattituck Church in substantial growth and ■development, to give to the people the strength of his youth and the ripe powers of his maturer years, and when laid aside from active duties by infirmity of age to con- tinue in the parish for yet other thirteen years, his very presence a benediction. That man was the Rev. James Trowbridge Hamlin. Mr. Hamlin came to Long Island in June, 1846, to visit a friend. He was sent by the Rev, John Wood- REV. JAMES TROWBRIDGE HAMLIN. 176 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. bridge, then at Greenport, to preach in Mattituck. It was a case of love at first acquaintance. Mr. HamHn con- tinued to supply the Union Parish, and Franklinville as well, from that day,- and was ordained and installed, Nov. 4th, 1847, "^ the Franklinville church as pastor of Union Parish and Franklinville. And so for a time all the people from the western limits of Cutchogue to the eastern limits of Upper Aquebogue were again united under one pastor. It was fondly hoped that under Mr. Hamlin's acceptable and judicious administration the di- vided churches might again be incorporated in one. This^ however, was not to be. The breach was too recent and the intense feeling that caused it though no longer active was still latent. Moreover, deep-seated divisive tenden- cies in the Union Parish itself proved even more power- ful than Mr. Hamlin's strong conciliatory spirit, and in 1853 the Union Parish was dissolved. Thereafter Mr. Hamlin ministered in Mattituck alone. During the four years of his wider pastorate it was his custom to preach in Franklinville in the morning and in Mattituck and Jamesport on alternate Sabbath afternoons. It was on the 29th day of August, 1853, at 3 P. M., that the people of Mattituck and Jamesport met in their respective houses of worship and enacted the dissolution of Union Parish and the incorporation of two distinct societies. The Certificate of Incorporation of Mattituck Society was recorded Sept. 6th, 1853, in the County Clerk's office, in Liber A of Certificates of Religious In- corporations, p. 128. At the meeting of the Presbytery the following spring, March 21st, 1854, at the request of Elder James W. Reeve, the Mattituck Church was recog- nized as a separate organization. The members of the A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. I'J'J western end of the Union Parish had become the James- port Congregational Church. The new --roll of Mattituck Church, prepared by Mr. Hamlin, .April 17th, 1854, contains the names of forty- two persons. Union Parish at the separation had eighty- two members. The elders in Mattituck were James Wickham Reeve, Barnabas Bailey Horton, and John Franks Horton. On March 31st, 1854, the session was in- creased by the ordination of Edward Reeve and Henry Reeve to the eldership. The trustees of the Mattituck Society at the time of its organization were Benjamin G. Hallock, David B. Hallock, Isaac R. Howell, Jr., James W. Reeve, J. Smith Tuthill and Henry Pike. No sooner had Mattituck begun again to shift for itself than the indomitable enterprise of the people ex- pressed itself in a determination to erect a new building. The second edifice, that had been built in 1830 by the brothers Salter and Thomas Horton of Peconic, was sold to Thomas Hallock, was removed to the west of the burying-ground, and much to the surprise of the Presby- terians became the home of a Methodist Episcopal con- gregation. Fifty years ago Presbyterians and Methodists did not live on very friendly terms in a community. There were even cases of discipline before the session of the Mattituck Presbyterian Church arising from the at- tendance of some of its members upon the services of the Methodists. Happily these grand divisions in the Lord's army now fight side by side in the battles of the kingdom in all the world. For many years the two churches in Mattituck have maintained unbroken friendly relations. It is a fact pleasant to record that in 1896, ELDEKS OF 1854. John Franks Horton. Edward Reeve. James Wickham Keeve. Henry Eeeve. ' Barnabas Bailey Horton. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. I79 when the new Methodist church was erected and the old building was moved to the rear to serve as a chapel, the additional land required for these improve- ments was given freely to the Methodist society by the trustees of the Presbyterian parish. The present Presbyterian building was erected upon the original site by Master-builder Andrew Gildersleeve. He and his wife carried their membership to Mattituck from the Cutchogue Church in June, 1854, His wife was Anna, the eldest daughter of James Wickham Reeve. Mr. Gildersleeve came of an old and prominent Brook- haven family. He was ordained an elder in the Matti- tuck Church in 1862, serving until his death in 1894. He was not only the builder of the church edifice, but during many years of devoted service was a prominent worker in the building up of the spiritual temple to God's glory. The church then built was the present one, and yet not the present, for it was without the wings on either side and had neither steeple nor bell. It was a plain, substantial building, without the claims to beauty that the present church can modestly maintain. Neither were its surroundings so attractive as now. It was about this time that the trees were set out in front of the church that today give charm to the spot. To the late Joseph Parker Wickham the credit for this is due, and the follow- ing generations for whom he planted should keep his memory ever green. In the church of 1853, before the extensions on the sides were added, the choir gallery, or platform, was in the north end of the audience room opposite to the pulpit. About that time, the present chorister, George B. Reeve, i8o A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. assumed charge of the music, and he has rendered eminent service ever since. For years Mattituck Church has been renowned for its excellent music. This has been largely due to the able, conscientious and indefatigable leadership of Mr. Reeve. His predecessor as chorister was Elder John Franks Horton, and before him the leader of the singing for many years was Deacon John THE PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH. Reeve, the great-uncle of the present chorister, George B. Reeve. In 1 87 1 the church was rebuilt by O. K. Buckley of Greenport, being greatly enlarged by the extensions on the sides and greatly improved in appearance by the erection of the steeple, the symmetrical lines of which, in perfect proportion with the building, excite the admira- A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. l8l tion of every artistic beholder. The fine bell, cast in the renowned Meneely Bell Foundry of West Troy, N. Y., was the gift, in 1877, of a visitor from New York City, Mr. John Sneden. The same year that saw the erection of the church, 1853, saw the parsonage built. The lot on which it stands, one acre in extent, was given by Elder Edward Reeve to the parish in a perpetual lease, with a yearly rental of three dollars, and with a proviso that it should be used as a parsonage property only. In 1895 the parish made extensive repairs and additions to the parsonage, after purchasing outright the property from the heirs of Edward Reeve. At this time such of the heirs as dwelt in Mattituck gave their interest in the property to the parish for a nominal considera- tion. Mr. Hamlin with his family occupied the parsonage from the time of its completion until his death in 1892, a period of almost forty years. After his retirement from the active work of the pastorate, October ist, 1879, ^^ was made Pastor Emeritus, and the congregation showed their strong affection for him and a proper appre- ciation for his long unselfish service among them, by voting that he should occupy the parsonage as long as he lived. Nothing short of this would have been righteous; nothing short of this would have been pos- sible to the generous people that had bought a house to shelter the Rev. Nathaniel Reeve in his retire- ment. Mr. Hamlin was thrice married. His first and second wives were sisters, daughters of Charles Parry, M. D., of Sandy Hill, N. Y. Both died in their youth, and each l82 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. left in the care of the bereaved father an infant daughter. His third wife, who survives in honored old age as his widow, was Miss Patience Corwin, of Aquebogue, a de- scendant of some of the oldest families of Southold Town. Mrs. Hamlin resides in Riverhead, and is often a wel- come visitor in Mattituck, and it is counted a privilege to retain her name as one of the oldest on the Mattituck Church roll. Her daughter, Sarah R., is the wife of the Rev. Charles Albert Stonelake, of Newark, N. J. Mr, Hamlin's eldest daughter is the wife of Elder Benjamin C. Kirkup of Mattituck. His second daughter, Hattie, became the wife of Rev. William Hedges, her father's successor in the pastorate, but died in 1887, going before her aged father to the heavenly home. It would require a volume to record all that the older people of Mattituck cherish in their memory of Mr. Ham- lin's pastorate. In the years of his ministry the little church grew strong. The men who hold the offices of elder and trustee today were, most of them, trained under his influence. The elder portion of the present member- ship came into the communion of the church and therein was trained under his faithful preaching. The roll of forty-two members in 1854 had grown to seventy-nine in 1864 ill spite of many deaths and dismissions. The years 1873 and 1876 were marked by powerful revivals. In the former eighteen and in the latter sixty-nine were brought into the communion of the church. At the time of his death the little band of forty-two was more than trebled. After his retirement the people were glad when from time to time the Pastor Emeritus occupied the pulpit. They loved the man and they appreciated the sermons. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. iSj- which Dr. Epher Whitaker characterizes as "particularly original, rich, spiritual and elaborate." Dr. Whitaker further writes of him : "In the beloved and trustworthy disciple who leaned on Jesus' bosom may be seen the proper type of the Rev. James T, Hamlin. ... He gave his eminently industrious life almost entirely to his own congregation. Their love for him was equalled only by his love for them. He had the greatest dread of even the possibility of appearing to be obtrusive, pretentious or assuming. Hence he maintained an excessive reserve everywhere except in his own congregation. His reserve was closely allied to his manly independence and his imwillingness to trouble or burden others. All the ex- penses of his classical and theological education were paid by his own earnings, except three hundred dollars^ the gift of his father. He never accepted a cent from any other man, nor from any society. "He never shone anywhere more brightly than in the hospitality of his own home. It was cheerful, cordial, frank. Its fulness, exuberance, and peculiarly congenial character almost made his guests believe that it had never cost him care, forethought, drill and discipline of him- self to acquire his remarkable ability in this Christian virtue and grace. . . . "He was a preacher of eminent originality, for he never ceased to study the Word of God with a view of its application to human needs. This disposition of all his powers and aims never failed to be spiritual. His theology was Biblical rather than systematic. He preached with the utmost heartiness the doctrines of grace." 184 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. On the stone erected to Mr. Hamlin's memory in the graveyard is the simple inscription, REV. JAMES T. HAMLIN Born July 2, 1812, In Pastoral Relations with the Presbyterian Church of Mattituck From 1846 till his Death, Aug. 29, 1892. Mr. Hamlin was born in Moreau, Saratoga County, N. Y. His father was of English Puritan ancestry, his mother of French. He was educated in a classical school at Glens Falls, N. Y., and at Burr Seminary, Manchester, Vt., taking his theological course in the Gilmanton, N. H., Seminary. He was licensed to preach in April, 1841, by the Hopkinton Association of Congregational Churches in New Hampshire. In the interval between this and his settlement in Mattituck he was hampered by poor health which allowed little promise of the long years of useful service in store for him. Shortly before coming to Mat- tituck he traveled in the West for the sake of his health, and took advantage of a winter's studies at Lane Theo- logical Seminary in Cincinnati, Ohio. Six ministers have succeeded Mr. Hamlin in charge of the church. Four of these ministered to the people while he was living as pastor emeritus. The first of these was the Rev. William Hedges, who acted as stated supply for four years. Mr. Hedges is now pastor of the Con- gregational Church at Colebrook, Conn, He comes of FIVE FOEMER ELDERS. John W. Duryee. Edward Y. Reeve. Andrew Gildersleeve. Selah Young. Isaac R. Howell. 1 86 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. an old Long Island family, being a son of Judge Henry P. Hedges of Bridgehampton. He was graduated from Yale University in 1874 and from the Yale Divinity School in 1878. While in Mattituck he married Miss Hattie Hamlin, the second daughter of the pastor emer- itus, and from Mattituck went to Jamesport to become the pastor of the Congregational Church- that had formerly been joined with Mattituck in the Union Parish. The Rev. George R. Garretson was installed pastor June 27th, 1883, and resigned July ist, 1887, to accept a call to the Claremont Presbyterian Church of Jersey City, N. J. He is an alumnus of Rutgers College and of Union Theological Seminary. During his pastorate, on March 25th, 1884, the Ladies' Missionary Society was organ- ized. Mrs. Garretson was its first president, Mrs. Thos. A. Hallock and Mrs. Daniel Downs its vice-presidents, Mrs. Irad W. Gildersleeve its secretary, and Mrs. Sidney P. Tuthill its treasurer. Mr. Garretson has lately taken charge of the Franklinville Church, in Laurel, to the great satisfaction of the people of that parish and to the delight of his Mattituck friends. The Rev. Wm. G. Woodbridge became stated supply March ist, 1889, and continued in Mattituck for three years. Mr. Woodbridge is a native of Louisiana, and has spent most of his life in the service of the Southern Presbyterian Church. He is now pastor of a church of that connection in Birmingham, Alabama. He is a grad- uate of Princeton University, 1865, and of Princeton Theological Seminary, 1879. He was pastor of the Fifth Presbyterian Church of Chicago before coming to Matti- tuck. During Mr. Woodbridge's term of service the chapel was built in the rear of the church, and under his A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 187 guidance the Young People's Society of Christian En- deavor was formed. His geniality as a man and his eloquence as a preacher commended him to the affection and admiration of the people of Mattituck. The Rev. James W. Hillman began to supply the church in the summer of 1891 and was installed as pastor June 28th, 1892, being the sixth regularly installed pastor of the church, He resigned Feb. 9th, 1894, accepting an appointment frorn President Cleveland as Chaplain in the U. S. Army. He is at present serving with the Sixteenth Infantry. Mr. Hillman was born in West Saugerties, N. Y., was graduated from the University of the City of New York, 1873, and from Union Theological Seminary, 1876. During his pastorate the organ fund was raised, and a fine pipe organ, made by Earle of Hempstead, was installed in the church. With industry and enthusiasm Mr. Hillman was very successful in his work, and like his predecessors is held in affectionate remembrance by the people of Mattituck. The Rev. R. Howard Wallace supplied the church one year after Mr. Hillman. Mr. Wallace was for more than twenty-five years pastor of the church in his native vil- lage, Little Britain, N. Y. During the Civil War he served a year as chaplain in the army. He has done much faithful and efficient work as a home missionary in North Dakota and in the Adirondacks. He is an alumnus of Union College and of the Newburgh Theological Semi- nary. He has been a frequent and welcome visitor in Mattituck since he relinquished charge of the church. Following Mr. Wallace, the Rev. Charles E. Craven became stated supply Sept, ist, 1895. Graduated from Princeton University in 1881, and Princeton Theological I»6 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. Seminary in 1886, he was pastor of churches in Birming- ham, Pa., and Downington, Pa., before taking up work in Mattituck, He became Permanent Clerk of the Pres- bytery of Long Island in 1899, and Stated Clerk in 1903, succeeding in that office the venerable Rev. Dr. Epher Whitaker, who resigned after forty-seven years of em- inent service. The Sabbath School has over two hundred members, with nineteen teachers. The superintendent is Elder Henry J. Reeve. It is only in recent years that the rec- ords of the school have been preserved. The earliest superintendent now in recollection of the people was Elder John Franks Horton, who served more than twen- ty-five years. He was followed by Elder Edward Y. Reeve, Rev. Geo. R. Garretson, Elder B. O. Robinson, Rev. Jas. W. Hillman, Elder Benj. C. Kirkup, and Elder Henry J. Reeve. The assistant superintendent is Elder Kirkup; W. V. Duryee is secretary, Sidney R. Gilder- sleeve is assistant secretary, and John G. Reeve treas- urer. Of the Young People's Society of Christian Edeavor the president is Miss Clara M. Howard, Victor H. Kirkup is vice-president, Arthur L. Downs is correspond- ing secretary, Miss Mabel V. Brown recording secretary, and Miss Edith Penny treasurer. The officers of the Ladies' Missionary Society are: Mrs. Charles E. Craven, president; Mrs. George B. Reeve and Miss Mary A. Gildersleeve, vice-presidents ; Mrs, H, Halsey Reeve, secretary, and Miss L. M. Hallock treas- urer. A Young Ladies' Missionary Society was organized in the summer of 1905. Its president is Miss May S. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 1 89 Penny, its vice-president is Miss Clara M. Howard, its secretary Miss Mabel V. Brown, and its treasurer Miss Emilie A. Robinson. Two Sewing Societies among the ladies, lately consol- idated, have done great things by taking many little stitches. Besides clothing the needy, with the proceeds of their needlework they have paid off church debts, built additions to church and parsonage, painted walls, inside and out, carpeted floors, papered rooms, made repairs, and by many good works have shown their devotion to the church. The president of the consolidated society is Mrs. Charles W. Wickham. The present trustees of the church are Benj. C. Kirk- up, president; Charles Gilder sleeve, treasurer; Nat. S. Tuthill, Conrad Grabie, John G. Reeve, and Henry J. Reeve. The present ruling elders, with the dates of their or- dination, are: Barnabas O. Robinson and Benjamin C. Kirkup, 1880; John E. Gildersleeve and .George Henry Howard, 1890; Henry J. Reeve and William H. Satterly, 1905. The Methodist Episcopal Church was organized in 1853. In that year a lot of ground, 50 ft. by 75 ft., ad- joining the old burying ground on the west and fronting on the North Road was sold by Barnabas Bailey Horton to Thomas Hallock, consideration one dollar, "for the purpose of a church edifice." To this lot Thomas Hal- lock removed the old Presbyterian building which he had purchased. This was the building erected in 183 1, out- grown by the Presbyterians in 1853, and giving place to the present edifice. After the transfer of the building Thomas Hallock conveyed the lot and building, in ,1854, 190 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. to the Trustees of the Methodist Episcopal Church. These first trustees were : Thomas Hallock, Andrew Hor- ton, Walter Terry, John Reeve, Isaac Howell, Sr., Bar- nabas Pike, and George Benjamin. The church was for a few years under the care of the pastor of the Cutchogue Church. During those years the pastors were the Rev. Messrs. O. C. Lane, G, W. Allen, THE METHODIST EPISCOPAL. CHURCH. T. G. Osborne, and O. C. Lane. Since separation from the Cutchogue Church the pastors have been the Rev. Messrs. F. G. Howell, W. A. Layton, O. C. Lane, D. B. Vosseller, H. F. Nichols, J. E. Ferine, L S. Yerks, George Leavens, John Nash, Julius Nelson, E. P. Alvord, H. A. Goering, D. O. Osterheld, R. W. Thompson, G. W. Humphreys and the present pastor, the Rev. W. W. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. IQI Weller. For a number of years the Mattituck pastor has also had charge of the South Jamesport Church. During the pastorate of the Rev. WilHam A. Layton a powerful revival blessed this church and the entire community. The religious interest was so great that the Methodist church could not contain the congregations and the meetings were transferred to the Presbyterian Church. Both societies were greatly increased and strengthened by this work of grace. Mr. Layton, for years past serving the larger churches in the City of Brooklyn, has a summer cottage at the Jamesport Camp Grounds, and he is an annual visitor in Mattituck. He is much beloved by the people of the village and people of all denominations delight to hear him preach. While the Rev. Julius Nelson was pastor, in 1896, the present beautiful edifice was erected. The old building was moved to the south to be used as a chapel, the new church being joined to it. By sliding doors the chapel is connected with the main audience room. The trustees of the Methodist Episcopal Church arc Joseph B. Hudson, Joshua Ackeson, Isaac N. Teed, E. O. Chapman, E. P. Reeve, Charles M. Robinson. The stewards are Charles M. Robinson, District Stew- ard ; Mrs. Charlotte Betts, Joshua Ackeson, E. P. Reeve, Mrs. Silas H. Howell. The Protestant Episcopal Church of the Redeemer was organized in 1877 as a mission under the care of the Bishop of Long Island. In that year a lot of one hundred and fifty feet by seventy in the southwest corner of the hotel property was given by Henry A. Dingee to the Diocese of Long Island, "only to be used and occupied for an English Episcopal Church," The building was 192 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. erected and was opened for service in July, 1879. Previ- ous to that time the congregation worshipped in a hall. The rectors of St. James' Church in Riverhead have had charge of the Mattituck Church. The Rev. Thomas Cook was in charge until his death in 1884. For the next ten years the Rev. Robert Weeks was the rector, with the Rev. C. A. Jessup and the Rev. W. Smith as his as- THE CHURCH OF THE REDEEMER. sociates. The Rev. R. M. Edwards took charge in 1894, and was succeeded by the Rev. Geo. W. West in 1897. In 1902 the Rev. W. A. Wasson, the present rector, took charge. Mr. Wasson is more closely identified with Mat- tituck than any of his predecessors, having purchased, in connection with his brother, the Rev. James B. Wasson, the Glover farm, at the northeast corner of the North A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. I93 Road and Cox's Lane. This farm is the old Presbyterian parsonage property of a hundred and fifty years ago. There is no Roman CathoHc Church in Mattituck, but Mattituck families of that faith form a large and in- fluential part of the congregation of the Rev. James Lynch of Cutchogue. CHAPTER VIII. MATTITUCK BEFORE THE RAILROAD. The opening of the Long Island Railroad to Green- port in 1844 revolutionized conditions in Suffolk County, giving quick and easy communication with the outer world. Before the advent of the railway Southold Town for two hundred years had seen little change in its cus- toms. Communication with the outer world was carried on chiefly through small sailing vessels. Soon after 1820 the stage line between Riverhead and Brooklyn was started, and in 1826 the stage line between Sag Harbor and Brooklyn. The Riverhead stage left Brooklyn every Tuesday morning at eight o'clock and arrived in River- head the next afternoon. Returning the stage left Riv- erhead Thursday at noon and reached Brooklyn Friday evening. The stages followed the old Middle Road, passing through Middle Island, Coram, Smithtown, Commack, Jericho, Westbury and Jamaica. The through fare, one way, was $3.00. The Sag Harbor stage, having a longer route, charged $5.00. It left Brooklyn every Monday morning at six o'clock, stopped for the night at Fire Place, and arrived at Sag Harbor Tuesday evening. The return trip was made Friday and Saturday, starting at six A. M., stopping for dinner at West Hampton and reaching Patchogue that night, stopping for dinner Sat- urday at Babylon and reaching Brooklyn that night. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. I95 These stages carried the mails until the railroad put them out of business. Before the day of the stage routes the mails were carried weekly on horseback. For some years the mail carrier from Brooklyn to Orient was Barnabas Wines of Mattituck, the father of James H. Wines, and his predecessor as mail .carrier was his father, William Wines. The mails were light. Letters were few, and newspapers were rare. A villager who received a weekly newspaper welcomed all his neighbors of a Saturday ■evening, and together they enjoyed the excitement of reading and discussing the news. A weekly Monday mail route was established between Riverhead and Quogue in 1829. Before that date letters from Mattituck to the Hamptons or Sag Harbor went by way of Jamaica. The Monday short cut saved one week in the transmission of mails between points north and south of Peconic Bay. For the year ending March 31st, 1827, as reported in the Sag Harbor "Watchman" of March 15th, 1828, the total post-office receipts upon Long Island were less than $2,500.00. That year the Brooklyn post-office earned for the government $1,039.34, considerably less than the receipts of the Mattituck office today. Mattituck then was credited with the receipts of $18.93. Riverhead (or Suffolk Court House) boasted of $51.28; Southold, $32.09; Cutchogue, $11.71; Southampton, $55.36; East Hampton, $75.95 and Sag Harbor, a great whaling port, $143.83. Mattituck is now a third-class office. When wind and tide were favorable the journey be- tween Mattituck and New York could be made more rap- idly by the sloop "Celerity" of Capt. Barnabas Wines, or later by the sloop "Aunt Jemima" of Capt, Gilbert 196 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. Davis, than by stage. The late Geo. W. Howard told of bidding his uncle's family good-bye as they left one morning for Riverhead to take the stage. He then hur- ried to the inlet and boarded the "Aunt Jemima" and surprised his uncle by meeting him when he alighted from the stage in Brooklyn the next evening. The stage had the advantage of being able to run both winter and sum- mer. The small boats were of course put out of com- mission through the winter. At the close of the season, lured out by specious weather, they were sometimes caught in terrible storms. Tradition tells of the great Christmas snowstorm of 181 1, when many small vessels were lost on the Sound. A remarkably mild early winter had tempted the venturesome mariners to continue their trips between eastern points and the city. One of the most terrific storms ever known set in on Christmas day, wrecking everything that was afloat. Such of the unfortunate sailors as reached the shore perished from the intense cold amid the blinding snow. Among the vessels lost was the sloop "Rosetta," in which were Thomas Map'es and many other inhabitants of Southold Town. All heavy or bulky freight had to be carried by water. One of the buildings near the house of Capt. Joshua Ter- ry was the shoe shop of John Clark, the son-in-law of Deacon Jonathan Horton and the father of the late Silas H. Clark, and this shoe shop was brought by boat from New York about 1830. Silas H. Clark, the son, fol- lowed his father in the shoe business and carried on the manufacture quite extensively, employing at one time as many as thirty or forty hands. He lived in his grand- father Horton's house, next south of the church, now A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. I97 owned by the estate of Manuel Boutcher, and recently occupied by Fred Clark, grandson of Silas H. A frame building was erected near the house as a shoe factory. This building was later moved and is now the dwelling house of Mrs. Mary Ann Chapman. Silas H. Clark, besides engaging in the shoe business, started the first stage and express between Mattituck and Riverhead. He connected at Riverhead with the Brooklyn stage, and did a considerable business until the railroad was opened. The highway at that time between Matti- tuck and Riverhead was not the excellent road that it is today. Much of the way it was deep with sand, and no part was worse than through Mattituck woods. At the foot of the hill west of the New Bethany Cemetery a small stream crossed the road and afforded a regular watering place for passing teams. This watering place is several times mentioned in the town's Records of Highways. In the early forties the houses in Mattituck were comparatively few and the place had seen little material change for a hundred and fifty years. There were three small stores, one at the hotel, kept by the Shirleys,* and the other two nearly a mile east, one standing near the residence of H. B. Lupton, kept by Squire J. Franks Hor- ton, and the other across the way, kept by Ira Tuthill, the father of Philip W. This store stood on the east side of the Tuthill residence. The building, moved back from *The heirs of John Hubbard sold the hotel in 1826 to Henry T. Penny. In 1833 Penny sold to James Shirley. James Shirley and his son John after him, kept the hotel for more than thirty years. In 1866 John Shirley was succeeded by Capt. Benjamin F. Wells. 198 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. the road, serves now as an out-house. A short dis- tance west of Squire Horton's store was the school- house, marking closely the centre of population at that time. The first volume of Mattituck school minutes is lost. There can be no doubt that a school was maintained from very early times. The second volume begins with 1829. The minutes gave strict accounts of all financial matters, even noting the receipts from the sale of the wood ashes from the school stove, ranging from twenty-five to fifty cents a year. The names of the trustees and the officers of the annual meeting are given with unfailing accuracy, but the names of the teachers are omitted. A male teacher was employed during the chief or winter term, and a female during the summer term. Silas M. Hal- lock, still surviving in active old age, taught for two years about 1840. He was preceded by Albert Tuthill and was followed by a Dr. Preston. The next was S. Lewis Sibley, who afterwards, like his predecessor, became a physician. Dr. Sibley married Mary Augusta, youngest daughter of James Wickham Reeve and sister of Mrs. Andrew Gildersleeve. It is remembered by some of the scholars of those days that among the teach- ers of the summer term were Miss Elizabeth Wickham,, sister of Lawyer Wickham of Cutchogue, Miss Anna Wickham Reeve, who became Mrs. Andrew Gildersleeve, and Miss Maria Crowell of Southold. Li 1840 the trustees reported that there was a select school in the village with about twenty pupils. In 1843 there were no private schools. The select school of 1840 was taught in the upper story of F. C. Barker's house, then on the main highway. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. I99 In 1835 the parents or guardians sending children to school, with the number of children in each family, were as follows : Irad Reeve, two ; John Reeve, one ; Luther Reeve,, one ; Elizabeth Reeve, one ; Daniel Howell, one ; James W, Reeve, two; Elymas Reeve, four; Isaiah T. Benjamin, one ; Barnabas Wines, five ; John Corvvin, one ; Ira Tuthill» three ; George L. Conklin, two ; Jesse H. Tuthill, three ; Jesse Tuthill, three; Benjamin Reeve, three; Lysander Walton, two; James Shirley, three'; Daniel Fanning, four; John F. Horton, two ; John. Gardiner, one; James Worth, one ; Elisha Tuthill, three ; Widow Gardiner,' one ; Silas H. Mapes, three ; John Tuthill, two ; Barnabas Bailey Hor- ton, two ; Edward Reeve, one ; Josiah Lupton, two ; Piatt S. Conkling, two ; John Clark, two ; Henry Hubbard, one ; Nathaniel Hubbard, one. A few years earlier Henry Pike was on the list with one, and James Reeve appeared with three. James Reeve died in 1830, and later his wid- ow, Mehetable, appeared with three. In 1830 Henry T, Penny had one ; Lewis Goldsmith, one ; Mehetable How- ell, two; Isaiah Benjamin, one; Mary Cooper, two; Pru- dence Horton, one; Sarepta Tuthill, three. In 1836 there- were added James Davis, one, and Silas Tuthill, one. Since 1832 the Franklinville Academy had been open,, and the older boys and girls of Mattituck attended its sessions. For years it was conducted by the successive pastors of the Franklinville Church, with assistance. The Hon. Joseph M. Belford, who represented the district in Congress in 1897-9, ^^^ who is now the surrogate, came to Suffolk County to teach in the Franklinville Academy.. The intellectual life of Franklinville and all the neigh- boring villages was greatly stimulated for two genera- tions by this academy. As the public schools increased in 200 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. excellence and carried their pupils through higher grades, the patronage of the Academy fell off, and it closed in 1892. In 1856 one acre for a new site for the Mattituck school-house was purchased of Barnabas Wines for $275.00. This lot was next east of the old site. The building was erected the next year, the plans being made THE SCHOOL-HOUSE. by Isaac R. Howell, Jr., and the contract for building being awarded to B. T. Corwin for $591.00. This, like its predecessor, which was built in 1828, was a single- room school-house, and served less than ten years. In 1867 it was raised and a brick basement was built under it. Thereafter two rooms were filled, with two teachers. This building was occupied until 1890, and stands some distance back from the highway on property repurchased A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 20I by the Wines family. The present school-house was built in 1890 on a lot purchased of Thomas E. Reeve, a part of the Revolutionary "camp lot." In 1897 the building was raised a story higher, having four commodious rooms, heated by steam. Since 1900 four teachers have been employed. The faculty for the present year, 1906-7, ■consists of Principal Wm. J. Sweeney, assisted by Miss Saidie J. Bailey, Miss Margaret McHenry and Miss Esther Leslie Reeve. The principal for ten years preced- ing Mr. Sweeney was Mrs. M. Alice Talt, a woman of £ne character and remarkable devotion to the interests •of the school. Ill health compelled her to relinquish the heavy burden, and for a year she devoted her talents to a small school at Montauk, L. I. She is now principal of the public school at Garden City, L. I. Mrs. Taft main- tains her residence in Mattituck, spending her vacations in her cottage known as "Bide-a-wee." Mattituck has an excellent private school conducted by Mrs. Edward K. Morton. After this little excursion into later years to view the school as a whole, we return to the days before the rail- road. Between Mill Lane and Manor Hill there were then about as many houses as today. West of Mill Lane there were not nearly so many as now. Calvin Moore, the father of Miss Emily Moore, the present occupant, lived in the house at the head of Manor Hill. Luther G. Tuthill's house was built later, by his father, Chauncey W. Where George I. Tuthill's new house stands was the home of his grandfather, Jesse Hallock Tuthill. On the south side of the road, a little west of Elijah's Lane, lived the Widow Gardiner. On Gardiner's Neck, reached by a long lane, now Locust street, was the home of Geo. 202 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. L. Conklin, who represented the district in the State As- sembly in 1827, 1831 and 1835. Jesse Tuthill, father of Capt. Ira and Jesse Hallock, and of Jacob H. and William H., lived in an old house, no longer standing, not far east of the Torrey residence. North of the road dwelt Barna- bas Tuthill at George T. Bergen's, J. Smith Tuthill at Herbert Cory's, John Tuthill at Alvah Mulford's, and Al- bert Tuthill at La Mont Gould's. Capt. Ira Tuthill, as stated above, dwelt where his son, Philip W., succeeds him, kept the store, and sailed the sloop "Atalanta" week- ly between New Suffolk and New York. East of Capt. Ira Tuthill's house, by the old well that still remains near the road, stood a dwelling-house. On the farm now owned by James J. Kirkup dwelt John Worth, whose father, James,''' had purchased the property many years before. In the northwest corner of the Worth farm stood an old house that had formerly be- longed to Thomas Wickham, grandfather of Charles W. It had more recently been in possession of John Franks- Horton, occupied by him before he moved to the house on the hill. In the old Corwin house dwelt John Corwin,^ the last of the name to occupy it. The large farm, with the exception of the old house and less than an acre about it, had passed from the Corwin name. Josiah Lupton had purchased the lower part, extending from the high- way to the Oregon Road, in 1832, and dwelt in the house now of Henry L. Davis. The house lately occupied by *James Worth was son of Jonathan Worth, of Wading River. Jonathan was a brother of Capt. Seth Worth, who was buried at Mattituck in 1781. John, the son of James, sold this place- and purchased the property now owned by his daughter, Mrs. Alice H. Worth Boutcher. John's widow, Mrs. Nancy (Havens) Worth, lives with her daughter. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 203 ■Harry B. Lupton was built by Edmund, son of Josiah and father of Frank M., John M. and Harry B. Jas. H. Wines Hves where his father, Barnabas, then dweh. North of the lake, between it and the highway, dwelt John Franks Horton, Esquire, Gershbm Howell and Ely- mas Reeve. Gershom Howell, carpenter, father of Joel C. Howell, lived in the old house with its back to the road, now occupied by Edward Worthington, which is often called "the Elymas Reeve house." Elymas Reeve, before the time of the railroad, lived considerably further west, in the old Obadiah Hudson house, not far from George H. Fischer's ice house. In 1849 Gershom Howell sold to Parthenia Reeve, daughter of Elymas, and after that Elymas moved to the house that commonly bears his name. From very early times these houses had stood near the lake. Between them, also, a house or two stood in ancient times, and another east of Gershom Howell's. Presumably David Terry owned Mrs. Rosalie (Terry) Randolph's farm* before 1710, running right through to the lake. When the new highway was laid out, in 17 10, he seized the opportunity to sell small lots along the vil- lage street, and devoted to that purpose a narrow strip of land, about six rods wide, along the south side of the highway. That strip continues to this day separate from the land and swamp back of it, between it and the lake. On this strip several houses were built; the old house which contemptuously turns its face from the road to front *In 1776 John Wickham sells 5 acres in northern part of this Farm to John Benjamin, "at north end of farm bought of David Terry. In 1762 David Terry sells ten acres across the highway next to "the fresh pond or Mattituk pond" to Henry Pike, Jr., miller and carpenter. 204 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. the sunny south being the only one still standing. The fact that other houses stood near, and changed hands often, appears from the north bounds of the lot back of them, as given in many deeds from 1762 to 1887. In 1762 Ebenezer Webb, Sr.,* Ebenezer Webb, Jr., and John Case occupied this strip. In 1788 it appears that the John Case lot occupying the western end of the strip, opposite to Mrs. Randolph's house, was bounded on the west by Obadiah Hudson and on the east by John Horton. John Horton then seems to have owned the old house that faces the south in 1788 and to have succeeded Ebenezer Webb in its possession. In 1788 the John Case lot was bought by the trustees of the church bank, and appears to have been sold by them to Wells Ely,f who owned it in 1805- 1825. In 1839 it was in possession of Thos. A. Overton,J who owned the opposite farm, north of the highway, and who sold this lot with the farm in that year to Samuel Brown. Since then the lot has been conveyed to each of the successive owners of the farm, and now belongs to Mrs. Randolph. The old house still standing, that be- longed to Ebenezer Webb in 1762 and to John Horton in 1788, belonged to Richard Howell in 18 16, and to Ger- shom Howell § in 1839 ^"d until 1849, when he sold to ♦Ebenezer Webb married Sarah Case in 1724 (Salmon Rec- ord). The family name appears frequently in the Church Hecords from their beginning in 1751 to 1809. tWells Ely's daughter Sophia married Irad Reeve. About 1816-1828 Wells Ely owned a two-acre lot on the North Road, about midway in David Jenkins' farm. JThomas A. Overton was son-in-law of Maj. Isaac Reeve, marrying his daughter, Charlotte Augusta. §Gershom Howell, carpenter, father of Joel C, married Lydia, daughter of Geo. L. Conlin. Gershom was brother of 1st Isaac Reeve Howell and son of Reeve and Bathsheba Clark A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 20$ Parthenia Reeve, daughter of Elymas. Still east of that house was a house on a quarter acre lot that passed from Benjamin and Mary Goldsmith, in 1835, ^o Isaiah Ben- jamin. This may have been one of the Ebenezer Webb -houses of 1762, and appears to have been long ago the "pest house" of which the oldest inhabitants preserve the tradition, to which the unfortunate victims of small-pox, in the days before vaccination, went at the challenge of the dread disease and fought their grim fight. J. Franks Horton's house on the hill, overlooking the lake, doubtless marked the site of the dwelling of a north division owner before 1710. Part of the fifteen or six- teen acres connected with it belonged to Henry Pike, who died in 1768, aged 75. The western part, ten acres, was acquired by Henry Pike, Jr., in 1762, from David Terry. Henry Pike, Jr., died in possession of the house and six- teen acres in 1780. In 1816 Deacon John Reeve was in possession and borrowed money upon the property. In 1805 Wm. H. Pike, son of 2d Henry, had moved from the house on the hill to the present Pike Farm, purchasing it from Deacon John and his wife, Keziah. Probably at the same time the old Pike place passed to Deacon John. He lost it under the mortgage, and a few years later it was in possession of the Goldsmiths. Lewis Goldsmith sold it in 1835 to George Benjamin. Since then it has changed hands often. It was purchased by the present owner, Charles W. Wickham, in 1887. Elder John Franks Horton, shoemaker, storekeeper and justice of the peace, was a prominent, highly re- spected man in the community for many years, until his Howell. Reeve was son of John, son of John, son of Richard, the son-in-law of 1st William Hallock. 206 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. death in 1884, at the age of 71. His first wife was Phebe Maria Reeve, and his second, Ila Lupton, daughter of Josiah. Like the other Hortons of Mattituck, he was a descendant of Captain Jonathan, youngest son of ist Bar- nabas. Captain Jonathan's son, Deacon James (1694- 1762), was the father of Captain Barnabas, who married, about 1742, Susanna Bailey. From Capt. Barnabas and Susanna Bailey all the Mattituck Hortons come. Capt. Barnabas in his will, 1787, left his extensive lands in Southold to his sons, Benjamin and Gilbert, and to the widow of his eldest son, Barnabas. To his sons, James and Jonathan, he left no land, but £84 and iioo respec- tively. The younger, Jonathan, apparently invested his money in Mattituck property, between the church on the east and the canoe path on the west. He became Deacon Jonathan Horton. He married, in 1786, Mary Hallock, a daughter of James and Mary (Post) Hallock, and a sister of the James Hallock who married Amelia Gold- smith. His son, Barnabas Bailey, married Hannah, eldest daughter of Benjamin and Joanna (Corwin) Reeve. Dea- con Jonathan's brother, James, was the grandfather of 'Squire John Franks and Capt. James Edwin, who were sons of James' son,. Hector G. Barnabas, eldest son of Capt. Barnabas and Susanna (Bailey) Horton, was grandfather of Mrs. Frank M. Lupton. Col. Benjamin, second son, married as his second wife. Harmony, daughter of James and Anna (Wines) Reeve. These were grandparents of Mrs. Mehetable (Horton) Dayton, of Bay View. The old Obadiah Hud- son house, south of the road, west of Geo. H. Fischer's ice house, was the home of Elymas Reeve, familiarly known as "Uncle Lymas." In a deed of 1825, "Reuben, a A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 20/ free man of colour," sells to Elymas Reeve, his son, this house with three and one-half acres, bounded north by the highway, south by the pond, east by Wells Ely and Lewis Conkling, Jr., and west by James Reeve. How the lot came into Reuben's possession is not known. In 1805 it was owned by Timothy Reeve,* shoemaker, as appears from a mortgage made in that year and satisfied in 1807. "Uncle Lymas" was a remarkable man, highly respected by the people during his forty-five years of resi- dence in Mattituck. He was born a slave in a branch of the Reeve family living in Cutchogue. His son writes that his father was brought up "by a Mrs. Betty Reeve, of Cutchogue," and that she deeded him "a small parcel of ground." This definitely fixes Elymas as the "negro man Limas," freed by the Widow Elizabeth Reeve in 1813, and to whom by her will, proved 1820, she left "one acre of land lying at a place called shell bank," in Cut- chogue. The man freed in 1813 was "aged about 30," so Elymas was about eighty-seven years of age at his death, in 1870. He was a man of large frame and great physi- cal strength, reputed to be the most powerful man in the town. He was a man of vigorous mind. His education was, of course, limited, but he could read and write and was wonderfully versed in the Scriptures. In early life he became a communicant in the Cutchogue Presbyterian Church. He held his membership there to the end, and *Timothy Reeve was a son of 4th James and Anna (Wines) Reeve and brother of 5th James, Rev. Nathaniel, Deacon John and Samuel. The latter part of his life was spent in New York City, where he served on the police force. His son, Tim- othy Wines Reeve, kept a well-known old book store in New York and was the first husband of the late Mrs. Jas. Richard Hallock. ELYMAS REEVE. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 209 was buried in the old cemetery of Cutchogue. His piety was deep, and his life that of a consistent Christian. He was conspicuous as a man of faith and prayer, and in pub- lic prayer he exhibited extraordinary depth of feeling and power of expression. All who remember him speak of him in terms of admiration and affection. He and his wife, Hagar, reared in Mattituck a family of four sons and four daughters. His youngest son is now the Rev. John B. Reeve, D. D., pastor of the Lombard Street Presbyterian Church, of Philadelphia, a church of more than 400 members. He is a graduate of Columbia Uni- versit}^ and of Union Theological Seminary, and was for some years a professor in Howard University, D. C. Mrs. Josephine (Silone) Yates, of Kansas City, Mo., daughter of Elymas Reeve's daughter Parthenia, is a woman of culture, an accomplished lecturer, and promi- nent as a representative of the colored section in the Na- tional Association of Women's Clubs. In the latter part of his life El3'mas lived in the old house with its back to the road. This property, together with the three and one-half acres which came to him from his father, was sold by his daughters, some years after his death, to the late Irad Gildersleeve, and is now in the possession of Geo. H. Fischer. North of the highway, west of Mill Lane, were the houses of large land owners : Isaiah Benjamin, Samuel Brown, James Wickham Reeve, William H. Pike and his son, Henry, and the Widow Elmira Reeve. South of the highway there was not a house standing, in the forties, between Elymas Reeve's and the house now of Joel C. Howell. The highway now known as Reeve Place was then a private lane leading through the old Revolution- 210 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. ary "camp lot" to the farms of Edward and Irad Reeve. In what is now the open corner lot of Thomas E. Reeve was the house of Mr. Reeve's grandmother, the Widow Elizabeth Reeve. Her house was afterwards taken down and reconstructed by Thomas Hallock on the corner of the North Road and Pacific Street, and is the property of J. Wickham Reeve. The corner lot was owned a hundred years ago by John Clark, 3d,* shoemaker. In 3807 it was described as "Two acres of land, together with a good dwelling House and three out-houses, with a handsome Orchard containing about one acre, or one-half ©f the aforesaid premises, also a variety of other good fruit trees." This interesting description is given in a mortgage whereby the owner borrowed sixty dollars on the lot. Today two acres at the corner would be ex- cellent security for fifty times that amount. The house of John C. Wells, across the highway from this lot, was not built until 1853, when Andrew Gildersleeve bought the land from James Shirley and erected his dwelling house and store. East of that, on the Glenwood property, stood the Barker house, removed by John Odell some twenty years later to its present location ©n Pike Street. The Barker house was then owned by Luther Reeve, and in its upper floor a private school was kept. Luther Reeve died in 1842, and twelve years later liis widow, Elmyra Reeve, sold the house to Barnabas Pike. In the Joel Howell house dwelt Bethiah Pike, an nnmarried daughter of Amasa. *The John Clark, 3d, who owned the corner lot, married Lydia Horton, daughter of Deacon Jonathan, and was the father of Benjamin H., Silas H., Mary H. (Mrs. John Worth) and William. He was of a different branch of the Clark family Irom John, the Revolutionary soldier mentioned in Chapter V. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 211. On the road to Riverhead there were few houses sixty-five years ago. The old Horton house, south of the burying ground, had long been there and was then occu- pied by the Clarks. Deacon John Reeve's house stood under the big oak tree south of the old private lane that is now New Suffolk Avenue. Deacon John had origin- THE HOUSE OF FRANK C. BARKER, ESQ. Probably built by Amasa Pike before 1800. ally inherited one-half of the great farm of his father, 4th James, but he was not successful financially, and grad- ually parted with his holdings until he had nothing left but the house and garden around it at the corner of Nev/ , Suffolk Avenue. He and his wife, Keziah, daughter of Major Silas and Bethiah (Terrell) Horton, reared a large family of children, and their descendants are widely „ 212 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. scattered. The house was later moved and stands be- tween Cutchogue and Peconic, a small hip-roofed house^ across the way from Mrs. Eugene P. Robinson's farm- house. The property south of Deacon John Reeve's house- passed, as much of his property did, to the Hubbards,. who were relatives of his wife,* and from the Hubbards passed, in 1838, to Anson Reeve. This included the farm now of Mrs. Alice H. Worth Boutcher. Anson Reeve- died suddenly in 1854, at the early age of thirty-seven.. Along the road, south of Deacon John Reeve's, was "a small piece of land called Vauxhall Garden," reserved by Temperance and Deborah Hubbard when they sold the adjoining property. This garden lay in the low land novf belonging to Mrs. Mary Ann Chapman, near to the Bay Avenue. On the Horton's Neck farm, now the place of John Hiising, dwelt George Benjamin, youngest son of Isaiah,^ and brother of Austin W., John, Mrs. Sarah Goldsmith,. Mrs. Mary Ann Reeve, Mrs. Harmony Tuthill, and Mrs. Hannah Tuthill. Next beyond stood the old house near. Horton's Creek, the property now of Mrs. John C. Wells. In that house a hundred years ago lived Alexander Bush- nell, a school-teacher, whose wife was Sarah Wells, daughter of Craavit and Sarah (Reeve) Wells. Two of the Bushnell children He buried in Mattituck. Descend- ants of the family reside at Morristown, N. J. On the North Road, beyond the church and the hotel, there were few houses. The Methodist Episcopal and the Protestant Episcopal churches were not yet es- tablished in Mattituck. On the site of Postmaster Henrv *Barnabas Terrell's daughter Mary married John Hubbard^ and his daughter Bethiah married Maj. Silas Horton. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 21 3 P. Tuthill's house stood an ancient dwelling, long the residence of Deacon Nathaniel Hubbard, and belonging to the Benjamins in the days just before the coming of the railroad. Next to it stood the house of Daniel Howell, the old Donovan house. Barnabas Bailey Horton had lately established himself on the farm where his grand- son Geo. Horton now resides. His wife was Hannah, the eldest daughter of Benjamin and Joanna (Corwin) Reeve. The ancient parsonage property, now in pos- session of Rev. Wm. A. Wasson and his brother. Rev. James B., was owned by Thomas Hallock, who then ■dwelt on the south side of the highway on the farm now occupied by David Jenkins. East of Thomas Hallock, on the canning factory site, dwelt Amaziah Corwin, father of Timothy, Samuel and Webb and a daughter Annie, who became the wife of Bethuel Howard. Daniel Downs dwelt where Mrs. John Bergen now lives, and B. C. Kir- kup's home was then the residence of David B. Hallock.* A few rods east, in a very old house since torn down, lived Mr. Hallock's mother, Charity, the widow of Ruport Hallock. The old lady survived her husband twenty-two years, dying in i860 in her eighty-fifth year. Benjamin Goldsmith Hallock, f son-in-law of David B., resided in the Hallock homestead at the top of the school- house hill. The place lately owned by Charles A. Mayo, also be- *David B. Hallock was fathei- of Thomas A. and Betsey A., and son of Ruport, who was son of 3rd Zerubbabel, son of 2nd, son of 1st Zerubbabel, son of Thomas, son of 1st William. fBenjamin Goldsmith Hallock married Betsey A., daughter of David B. Hallock. He was son of James, Esq., and Amelia Goldsmith, daughter of Rev. Benjamin. James Hallock, Esq., was son of James, son of 1st Zerubbabel. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 215 longed to the Hallocks, having been sold by Riiport Hal- lock to Tosiah R. Mayo in 1866. Opposite to Aldrich'j Lane (formerly Osman's) in the old Osman homestead dwelt Josiah Mayo, the grandfather of Charles A., and father-in-law of the late George W. Howard. On the east side of Aldrich's Lane lived Tuthill Horton, the grandfather of Charles T. Jones, the present occupanL South of him lived Elisha Aldrich, father of Gilbert, the present occupant, following his father and grandfather, both of whom bore the good old name of Gershom. James Reeve lived where his son Herbert M. now dwells^ and Chauncey P. Howell and George O. Hallock follow in possession their fathers, Sylvester Howell and Benja- min Laurens Hallock.* Where Joseph W. Cooper now lives his grandfather^ Sylvester Cooper, then resided. There was no Bergea Avenue at that time, and Cooper's private lane encircled the place now of Mrs. James Lindsey, reaching Cox's Lane in the depression known as Bramble's Hollow from one Bramble, who lived on an acre of land on the east of Cox's Lane, formerly owned by Webb Corwin and now part of the Howard estate. Bramble married the Widow of Webb Corwin, who was x-Vbby Aldrich, daughter of Benjamin G. Bethuel Hallockf lived in the James Lindsey house, and there was succeeded by his son, John Keyser Hallock. The residence now of Robert H. Lahy was then the home of Joel B. Hallock, son of Bethuel and brother of John K. "Little Neck," the place of the late . 'Benjamin Laurens Hallock was son of Benjamin, son of Deacon Richard, son of 2d Zerubbabel. *Bethuel Hallock was son of Zechariah, son of 2d Zerubbabel. 2l6 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. Geo. W. Howard, was then owned and occupied by his uncle, Bethuel. Geo, W. Howard's first residence in Mat- tituck was the house at the foot of the hill, at the turn of Cox's Lane, now occupied by William Lahy. This was originally the house of Capt. Gilbert Davis, near the mouth of the Creek. Mr. Howard bought it, took it apart, hauled the pieces from the Sound, and rebuilt the house in its present position. Where Luther B. Cox lives was Lewis Goldsmith, grandson of the Rev. Benja- min. Most of Cox's Neck was owned and occupied by the sons of Richard Cox,* who built the mill in 1821. The "Oregon" road was opened as an approach to the tide mill from the east. From Cox's Lane in Peconic to "Tusten" it was laid out in 1832, probably along a farm *The author is indebted to Mr. G. W. Cocks, of Glen Cove, L. I., for the following abstract of the Cox family genealogy. The first of the family on Long Island was James Cock, who owned a lot on the Town street in Southold prior to 1659. (See Southold Printed Records, Vol. I., p. 206, where the name is misprinted Cook). He removed to Setauket, and in 1662 to Oyster Bay, where his descendants still abide and whence his great-great-grandson Richard came to Mattituck. He died in 1699, leaving children, Mary, Thomas, John, Hannah, Sarah, James, Henry and Martha. 2d James, the third son, was an- cestor of the Mattituck family. He married a daughter of John and Elizabeth (Prior) Feke, and had five sons and five daughters. The eldest son, Samuel (1702-1741), married Martha Ailing, and had two sons and three daughters. The eldest son, 2d Samuel (1735-1819), married Jemima Powell, and had children, Richard, Mary, Isaac and Elizabeth. Richard (1766-1851) mar- ried Abigail, daughter of Daniel and Sarah (Frost) Underhill, a descendant of the famous Capt. John Underhill. Richard was a farmer and drover, and frequently passed through Mattituck buying cattle. The region attracted him, and he bought the mill site. Of the eight sons who survived him, Samuel, John, Stephen and Allen settled in Mattituck, Daniel at Oyster Bay, Peter in the town of Flushing, and Charles and Isaac remained on the homestead at Brookvilie. 2l8 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. lane of Luther Hallock's.* The name "Oregon" was appropriately given to the territory lying to the northwest of Cutchogue by the Rev. Jonathan Huntting, supplying for a time the Cutchogue Church. Similarly the territory to the northeast of Cutchogue was called "Canada." The first settler on the Oregon road, east of Mill Lane, was Orrin T. Wiggins, who with his young wife settled there in the summer of 1836, purchasing their farm of Alanson Hallock. The nearest roads connecting with the main highway were Cox's Lane in Peconic and Mill Lane in Mattituck. Mr. and Mrs. Wiggins communicated with Cutchogue by paths through the woods, passing through nine sets of bars and two gates. The second house was built by Deacon Ira B. Tuthill, and ever since its erection has been occupied by Jacob Tuthill, his son, who is the oldest man in Mattituck. The third house was built by Parker S. Moore, and is now occupied by his son, Rensse- laer Moore. The fourth was erected by Col. John Wick- ham, where Robert Waters now resides. The part of the North Road between Mill Lane and the mill was occupied earlier. Third Barnabas Wines- lived where Mrs. Joshua Terry now lives, and in 1736 he got the highway commissioners to lay out a highway from his house eastward to the farm of his son, 4th Barnabas,, who owned the eastern half lot of the present Wines farm.f This highway joined no other highway, but *This Luther Hallock was father of Luther and Alanson, brother of John the grandfather of Silas H., of Mattituck, and son of John of Cutchogue, who was son of Zebulon of Southold, who was son of 2d William, also of Southold, who was son of 1st William, one of the original settlers of Mattituck. tThe Commissioners of Highways describe the course of this road in the following somewhat indefinite terms: "From about A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 2ig doubtless connected with the farm road of the younger Barnabas Wines. The elder Barnabas could not enjoy a farm road of his own to the King's Highway because of the interference of Long Creek. Consequently he trav- eled east to his son's land and then south on his son's lane, reaching the King's Highway not far west of H. B. Lupton's. When Mill Lane was opened in 1826 it ran north to this old road of ninety years before and then probably followed the ancient road to the Creek. Every trace of the Wines Highway east of the head of Mill Lane is now obliterated. On the old road Benjamin Reeve settled in 1822, on the north side. There he was followed by his son, Deacon Henry, and by his grandson, Thos. H., the father of the late County Judge Benjamin H. Reeve and Justice of the Peace William B. Reeve, Not long after Benjamin Reeve settled on the North Road Silas H. Mapes and his wife, Hile Ann (a daugh- ter of William Wines), located where Perry S. Robinson now resides. From Cutchogue to the Riverhead town line there was no public road leading south from the highway, except Aldrich's Lane, between the north and south roads, and from Mill Lane to Cox's Lane (formerly Mapes' and then the middle way of the length of said half lot (of 4th Barnabas Wines) near a west course to a black oak sappling in a hollow in Gershom Terry's land, and from thence to a black oak tree in Daniel Reeve his land, and from thence to a sassafras tree on the east side of Thomas Reeve his land, and so continuing the same course to a certain hollow near the bars in the line between the said Capt. Wines his lot of land and the said Thomas Reeve his land. The said Highway laid out as afore- said is in width twenty foot." If the above mentioned sassafras tree were still living it could be found at the crossing of the roads by the houses of Perry S. Robinson and Patrick Drum. 220 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. Howell's) there was no public road leading north. The main street, as it now leads to the railroad, was not regu- larly opened until 1853. In 1728 a highway from the main highway to the creek, and extending ten rods on either side along the shore of the creek, had been laid out, but being used only in haying season and commonly closed with gates and bars it was forgotten as a public road. In 1818 it was reasserted as a public way, but again passed into oblivion. It started about where the village street now starts, but bore off more to the west, followed the hedge that still remains back of Mrs. Ruha- mah Hazard's house lot, and reached the shore of the cove. The hickory tree at the postoffice corner marks the line of the old hedge, and the postoffice stands in the middle of the ancient highway. The road that runs from George Brown's house north- ward was nothing more than a private farm lane until 1868. The great lot that lay across its course, extending nearly to the creek on the north, to the hotel property on the west and to the hill back of Bryant S. Conklin's house on the southeast, including the Eureka House property and the late Peter Hazard's place, was the old training ground. Here from time immemorial the Suffolk militia- men gathered yearly for drill and training. Training day occurred in May and it was even a greater occasion than Town Meeting day, for it brought the men from thirty miles around to Mattituck. It was customary for wives and daughters to accompany the men, and a gen- eral holiday was enjoyed. Sports and games of all sorts were engaged in, and the social intercourse with distant friends was like that enjoyed now at the county fair. The railroad cut the famous training field in two, and only the A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 221 oldest men in Mattituck today can remember the glorious training days. The lot, which had belonged for a cen- tury and a half to the Reeves, was sold in 1854 to Samuel Brown, and was ere long divided up into smaller parcels and cut by streets to become a part of modern Mattituck. CHAPTER IX. MODERN MATTITUCK. The dividing line between ancient and modern Suf- folk County is the Long Island Railroad. The main line of the road was completed to Greenport and opened for traffic in July, 1844, and a new era was inaugurated. Before that event all things had continued as they were from the first settlement. Since that event change has been constant and material progress has been remarka- ble. The tax lists of 1844 are humorous reading today. The assessed valuation of the property of Mattituck's most substantial citizens seems ridiculously small. Naturally there was much opposition to the opening of the railroad. When one remembers that within re- cent years there has been opposition to the project of opening a trolley line between Riverhead and Orient Point, there is no wonder that there was great opposition to the steam railway sixty-five years ago. Railways were comparatively new, having only a little more than four thousand miles of track in all the United States in 1844. The most visionary could not foresee all the benefits to come and the conservative masses foresaw little but slaughtered cattle and burned forests, and vaguely feared that the good old times would be changed, and that for the worse. When the trains actually began to annihilate time and space, taking passengers the whole length of the A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 223 island in five or six hours, the advantages began to ap- pear. When the railroad was laid out Mattituck was fortu- nate in having the station placed close to the village. Many villages along the railway lay from half a mile to a mile and a half from the track. The topography of the region made such misfortune impossible for Mattituck. Before the day of the railroad the centre of population was more toward the east, but the station was naturally placed near the -point where the track crossed the high- way and the centre of business and population was soon fixed in that locality. The clustering together of the sta- tion, the telegraph office, the postoffice, the stores, the churches, the library and its fine hall, the hotels and the bank, gives Mattituck a great advantage over most neigh- boring villages. Moreover, the same topographical fea- tures that insured the passing of the railroad near the vil- lage centre have compelled the convergence of highways from all directions at the same centre. Consequently the village has grown remarkably in population and impor- tance, and Mattituck is one of the most important sta- tions on the main line of the Long Island Railroad. The new centre of population was soon established, new houses being erected, and the value of property in that part of the village increasing. Some years passed before the community fully realized its new opportunities, and before the tide of improvement set in steadily. The Main street to the railroad and the street passing the depot were soon required, but for ten or fifteen years no other streets were opened. Then rapid progress in the making of highways began. In 1855 the road opposite to the Methodist Episcopal Church, now passing beside 224 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. the Protestant Episcopal Church and the Library Hall, was opened as far as the railway. In i860 Pike Street was dedicated to the public by Barnabas Pike. In i860 also the road from the Mill Road to the Sound, between Thos. H. Reeve and Perry S. Robinson, was opened. In the same year Elijah's Lane became a public way. In 1866 Samuel Brown, who had bought the training lot two years before, staked out Love Lane and Maiden Lane, parallel and running from the Creek to the railway, and sold a number of lots adjoining. Love Lane and Maiden Lane have never been declared public highways. In 1868 Thomas Hallock opened and granted Pacific Street to the public and sold small lots on either side. 1868 also saw the Howell Road opened, crossing Long Creek and con- necting with the main highway through Henry D. Wick- ham's private road, next to the house of George Brown. This road was laid out through the enterprising efforts of the late Isaac R. Howell, who released much of the land through which it ran. Two years later Capt. Ells- worth Tuthill secured the opening of the road connect- ing Mill Lane with the Howell Road, donating the right of way for a large part of its length. In 1873 this road was extended eastward from Mill Lane to form the Mid- dle Road. Thus within thirty years after the coming of the railroad more streets and roads were opened in Mat- tituck than in two hundred years before. The methods of farming were within those years revo- lutionized. From time immemorial farming had been carried on in the old way. The chief crops were hay, corn, wheat, rye and oats. Each farmer raised such vege- tables as his family required, and flax, which was dried on the slanting roofs of the barns. Cattle and sheep were EEPEESENTATIVE MEN OF FIFTY YEARS AGO. Henry Pike, Esq. Irad Reeve. Joseph P. Wickham. Capt. Ira Tuthill. J. Smith Tuthill. 226 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. raised in large numbers, and large sections of the farms were devoted to pasturage. On Cox's Neck was a "cow lot" that appears in several deeds. One is surprised to iind that this "cow lot" comprised one hundred and fifty acres. The average farm fifty years ago was much larger than now, but was much less laboriously worked. One man, aided by his neighbors at harvest time and in turn aiding them, was abundantly able to work a large farm alone. His son or grandson today keeps two or three hired men busy throughout the season on a farm of half the size. In 1796 Deacon Micah Howell provided in his will for the economical use of his farm as follows : "Or- dering my farm to be used in the most prudent manner, with but little plowing, and to cut no more timber than what is necessary for ye use of the farm." This meant that stock-raising was considered more advantageous than agriculture, and fifty years later a similar direction for the most prudent use of a farm might have been given. The older men today remember when a com- paratively small part of farm-land around Mattituck was cleared and thick woods stood where now lie most pro- , ductive fields. The northern half of Mill Lane ran through the woods and much of the "northside" was wooded. Quick and reliable communication with the city markets invited the farmers to supply vegetables for the tables of the people of New York and Brooklyn. With the marvelous increase of urban population the market became more and more inviting. When the Long Island Railroad first connected Mattituck with Brooklyn, the population of New York City was 370,000, and the popu- lation of Brooklyn was only 60,000. Fifteen years later, A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 227 in i860, New York's population had more than doubled, and Brooklyn's had increased fourfold, the two cities holding more than a million people that must be fed. Even this wonderful increase in population does not give an adequate idea of the rapid increase in the demands of the city market, for the increasing wealth and purchasing power of the cities advanced even more rapidly than the p* M ■ ,>^ , . , / .': ■■■'■vVv''"' ''-■^^ '■^^ tiiaml^MH " ■'■-',■ ^ ' 1 1 1 m |ii -M^mj^^ r^ s .M RESIDENCE OF CAPT. ELLSWORTH TUTHILL AND HIS SON, NATHANIEL S. TUTHILL. population. Such a tempting market necessarily led the farmers of eastern Long Island to turn their attention less to the old standard crops and more to the cultivation of vegetables for city consumption. It was then found that the soil and climatic conditions of eastern Suffolk County afforded peculiar and unsuspected adaptability to the raising of certain vegetables, such as potatoes, aspar- 228 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. agus and cauliflower. The farmers who had formerly raised only enough potatoes for their own consumption, began to plant potatoes where they had formerly raised corn and wheat. It was soon found that Long Island potatoes were the finest that reached the New York market and commanded the highest price. Woodland was cleared and the acreage of potatoes was rapidly in- creased. The conditions were also found most favorable for asparagus. This gave the farmers a profitable early- harvest in the months of May and June, and cauliflower^ to which the soil showed peculiar adaptation even more remarkable, afforded a late fall harvest of great value. Even later than this is the harvest of Brussels sprouts,, the cutting of which runs far into the winter and some- times throughout the winter. In addition to these chief crops all kinds of market vegetables are raised with profit. The soil and climate have also been found exceptionally well suited to the production of cabbage seed, which af- fords a profitable crop. Until about thirty-five years ago the principal fertiliz- ing material used by the farmers about Peconic Bay was in the shape of fish spread over the land. The fish known as menhaden, or moss-bunker, used to come into the bay in immense shoals. For the purpose of catching these large seines were used, from half a mile to a mile in length. These seines were owned in shares, or rights,, usually ten rights to a seine. Some owned whole rights and some were content with half rights. They shared the fish caught in proportion to their rights in the outfit. About the beginning of May the fishing began. Ten men' manned a seine, two or three old and experienced fisher- men being assisted by younger men from the neighboring- A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 229 iarms. There was hard work in it, but much pleasure also. On the beach at the place of fishing was a house or shanty in which the fishermen camped out for a week -at a time, returning home for Sundays and going again -to the beach for three or four and sometimes as many as .six weeks. The long seines could be hauled in only once or twice a day. They were drawn in by a horse circling about a large windlass. There were posts along the beach, at convenient distances, and the windlass, or ^'whirl," was shifted from one to another of these as de- sired. The principal fishing places near Mattituck were ■^'the cove" in Cutchogue harbor, on the western side of Nassau. Point, and on the beach between Reeve's Creek and Horton's Creek. The proverbial fisherman's luck •obtained. Sometimes the hauls were very small and sometimes there was a great draft of more than a million iishes. There is a tradition of a phenomenal catch, many years ago, of two and a half millions of fish at one haul. Counting the fish was laborious and the custom was es- tablished of calculating the number roughly by measuring the wagons in which they were hauled away. Twenty cubic inches were allowed for a fish and the sides of tha wagons were marked for a thousand, fifteen hundred, two thousand fish, and so on. Only light loads could be hauled over the sandy beach. These were carted to the upland at some near and convenient place and from there transported to the farms in larger loads of three or four thousand fish. The fish were spread over the fields lav- ishly, ten or fifteen thousand to the acre. When more were secured than could be used at the time, they were laid down in long rows and covered with eiarth by running a plow along both sides.- These reserve rows afforded rich 230 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK, and ripe fertilizer when needed. The fish made rich fields and fine crops. It is needless to say they did not smell good. Before the fish were plowed under — and for the best results they must not be plowed under too soon — the atmosphere was redolent of their perfume from River- head to Orient Point. Through-passengers on the rail- "MO-MO-WETA," SUMMER COTTAGE OF FRANK M. LUPTON. road and strangers in the villages did not enjoy it, but the inhabitants had little sympathy with their expressions of disgust. The smell signified rich crops and increasing wealth. The menhaden long since ceased to enter Peconic Bay in great numbers except in rare and infrequent years. Many persons suppose this is because they have been A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 23 1 driven away from these shores by the numerous fishmg steamers of the companies engaged in making commer- cial fertilizers. Occasionally large schools of the fish are caught now in the bay, and they are used to some extent on the farms, but the rules of the modern board of health require them to be plowed under promptly. Vast amounts of commercial fertilizer are now used. In the olden time, not only were the moss-bunkers used on the land, but the farmers kept much more live stock than now, and their barn-yard manure was much more considerable. It is estimated that Suffolk County consumes more than one-half of all the commercial fertilizer used in the State. Under the encouragement of this demand the Hallock & Duryee Fertilizer Company, of Mattituck, was incor- porated in 1890, with a capital of $15,000.00. The seven trustees were Geo. W. Cooper, Chas. W. Wickham, P. Harvey Duryee, Otto P. Hallock, Jas. L. Reeve, D. Edgar Anthony and Samuel H. Brown. The fertilizer factory was built near the railroad, a half mile west of the village centre, and for some years a large business was carried on, but successful competition with the great combina- tions of capital engaged in the business proved hopejess, and the company wound up its affairs. The factory was purchased recently by the American Fisheries Company, and is now used as a storehouse, from which hundreds of tons of fertilizers are supplied annually to the farmers of the region. The farmers today spend for the one item of fertilizer several times as much money as all the product of the fields was worth a generation ago, and one suc- cessful farmer of the present generation handles more money than bH his fathers combined from the settlement of the town. 232 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. An amusing- story is told by Mr. Joseph Wells, of Laurel, of a newly-married couple who, in his youth, some seventy years ago, displayed great extravagance in housekeeping. A small house was built for the young people on the corner of the great farm, and they did their share in the prudent use of the land. At the end of the first year it was found that the young man and his wife SUMMER COTTAGE OF JUDGE HENRY F. HAGGERTY. had actually expended more than one hundred dollars in cash. Such extravagance was almost unparalleled and was sadly deprecated. It seemed to forebode financial ruin. One hundred dollars would hardly suffice for the young farmer's wedding trip now. A comparison of the value of farm land then and now exhibits strikingly the advance in wealth. In 1830 150 acres of land in "Ore- A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. ■ 23 1 .•gon" were sold for $3,000.00, twenty dollars an acre. To- day this property is held at two hundred dollars an acre. Even more surprising is the purchase in 1838, of eighty acres, comprising the farms now of Peter Wyckoff and W. V. Duryee, for $300.00, or less than four dollars an acre. The land was then unimproved. A few years later it was sold in two parcels for $1,050.00. In i860 this land was worth nearly $100.00 per acre, and now it is worth ■at least $200.00 per acre. The increase in the value of land in the heart of the village has been even more striking. In the days before the railroad there was not much selling of village lots, hut fifty dollars an acre would have been a good price. Nine or ten years after the opening of the railway the Mattituck real estate market was active, and property on the highway in small lots sold for $200.00 per acre. Lots north of the railway were not worth half so much. In another ten years, about 1864, property near the village ■centre was worth $300.00 an acre. From then onward an increase of nearly fifty per cent, for each decade has been maintained. In 1900 the acre of land on which the schoolhouse stands was bought for $1,000.00 and is now probably worth $1,500 without the building. Mattituck has now three hotels, open the year round, and many summer boarding houses, large and small. It has also numerous stores and business institutions, but probably not so many distinct industries as many years ago. Before transportation was easy and before com- binations of capital had gotten control of many lines of business, various trades were represented in Mattituck. Today Mattituck, as every thriving village, has its black- ;smiths, wheelwrights, carpenters, masons, painters, shoe- 234 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. maker and saddler; years ago it had all these and coop- ers, weavers and tanners as well. Now the village shoe- maker does little but repair work; then he made most of the shoes for the community ; the saddler made the har- ness and saddles, and the wheelwright made the wagons.. The blacksmith made the nails, andirons, flat-irons, shovels and all manner of implements for the household, and the farm. The carpenters felled the trees, squared, the timbers, sawed the boards, made doors, sashes and all that went to make up the houses and barns. The' coopers made not only casks and barrels, but before the days of cheap tin pails, made all the milk and water pails for the neighborhood, as well as butter tubs. The small tanner was long since driven out of business, but years ago Mat- tituck had its tan yards. Obadiah Hudson, who dwelt before the Revolutionary War north of the lake, east of Daniel Broderick's house, and owned the property north of his house extending to the Sound, was a tanner. His tan vats were perhaps located where George H. Fischer's market garden now lies. Later, Deacon Nathaniel Hubbard, who died in 1834, had a tannery near his house, where Postmaster Henry P. Tuthill now resides. Mattituck has always had sons who "followed the wa- ter." In the days when the whaling fleets sailed from^ Sag Harbor and Greenport, many Mattituck men went on whaling voyages, and a number have been engaged im the coast trade. One son of a Mattituck sea-faring fam- ily, Salem Wines, became a boat builder in New York City and was the inventor of the widely-used centre- board, replacing the clumsy lee-board that was thrown over the side in former years. Salem Wines never pat- A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. ^ZS ented this important invention and it was promptly adopt- ed by all boat builders. He knew it was of great value and was glad to see it in general use. In this he was like Benjamin Franklin, who did not patent his stove or any of his numerous inventions, saying, "As we enjoy great advantages from the inventions of others we should be glad of an opportunity to serve others by an invention of ours ; and this we should do freely and generously." Tak- RESIDENCE OF ARTHUR L. DOWNS. ing this admirable position Wines is like to lose the credit as he lost the emoluments of his invention. For the honor of this generous man it is pleasant to record that the centre-board was given to the world by Salem Wines, a native of Mattituck. The late Daniel R. Cox was a builder of small boats. P. Harvey Duryee and Elmer D. Tuthill carry on this in- ^3^ A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. dustry at present on the shore of Mattituck Creek. They make excellent small boats of every description and have Jaunched several staunch and swift power boats of beau- tiful workmanship. The bays and creeks about Mattituck abound in sea food of every description, and from the earliest times to the present some of the inhabitants have devoted most of their time, and most of the inhabitants have devoted some of their time, to fishing and procuring eels, clams and •crabs. The oysters of Mattituck Creek have been recog- nized for many years as of superior quality, but it was not until the tide gates at the mill were removed- that their cultivation on a considerable scale was successful. Since 1903 large quantities have been planted and Mattituck •Creek oysters have a well-established reputation as of the very best quality and of peculiarly fine flavor. There is a large demand for them from the best restaurants and most famous hotels of New York City. In the escallop fleets that dot the Peconic Bay from September to December, and later when the winter is open, many boats are manned by Mattituck men. The masters of these trim sloops and of the graceful pleasure •craft that sail about the bay in the summer season would "be interested to see such a boat as that described by Amasa Pike, of Mattituck, in 1796, when he mortgaged, l)esides his one acre of land with dwelling (probably F. C. Barker's house), "one-third part of a certain Petti- auger called the Nightingale of Southold and lately com- manded by said Pike." This name "pettiauger" stood for the more common "perriauger," signifying a small schooner with a lee-board. Both words are remarkable ■corruptions of the French ''pirogue," which stood for an A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 237 Indian word meaning a dug-out, or canoe shaped fronT the trunk of a tree. Webster gives seven or eight corrupt spellings of pirogue, including perriauger, but pettiauger is not in the list. It is needless to say that there are nO' perriaugers in the waters about modern Mattituck. The armed boats on the Sound in Revolutionary times may have been of this description. RESIDENCE OF HON. JOHN M. LUPTON. An industry of many years' standing that modern. Mattituck has lost, owing to changed conditions, is the milling business. One hundred and fifty years ago, per- haps two hundred, there stood a windmill for grinding grain on the elevated ground east of the lake. This was operated by Henry Pike, who in his will, 1780, ordered it to be sold. Its. location leads one to suppose that it was- 238 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. erected before 1710, conveniently situated with respect to the old highway. There was another windmill in the early days, probably somewhat further east, belonging to the Corwin family. It is mentioned in the will of John Corwin, son of Theophilus, in 1740, and again in the will of Jonathan Corwin, who left it in 1798 to his sons, Selah and Asa. The tide-mill, near the inlet, was built in 1821 by Richard Cox, of Oyster Bay, who secured permission from the town to erect and maintain the dam and tide gates. This mill was run for some years by Cox and his sons, who did a large and increasing business. The prop- erty became valuable^ and shares in it were sold after five or ten years to several parties. James Worth bought a half interest in 1825, and Barnabas B. Horton a quarter interest in 1833. Walter Terry and Edward H. Terry, Martin L. Robinson and George W. Cooper were part owners at different times. The late Capt. Joshua W. Terry became the miller in 1847, retiring from a sea- far- ing life, and continued the business until the growing in- firmities of age compelled his retirement in 1902. He sold the mill to Yetter & Moore, of Riverhead, retaining the house, in which he died in 1904, at the age of 82, hav- ing been born the year that the mill was erected. His widow survives him in the old home, where she spent nearly sixty years of married life. The mill is now used as a place of public entertainment. The tide gates are removed and ere long the old dam, with its low bridge, will give place to an elevated steel bridge, with a draw, spanning the entrance to Mattituck harbor. For some years the tide-mill was not without strenuous competition, for a steam mill was erected in 1858, where James L. Reeve's store is now located. The steam mill A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 239 was owned by Andrew Gildersleeve and Barnabas Pike, and later by Barnabas Pike and Louis K. Adams, under the firm name of Pike & Adams. In 1861 Silas M. Hal- lock bought the interest of Barnabas Pike. The mill was •destroyed by fire about 1863. For a time this enterprise prospered, but changes in farming conditions would have slowed down its wheels if the fire had not stopped them. The acreage of wheat grown in Sufirolk County was much less than in earlier years. There was less grain and more RESIDENCE OF CHARLES W. WICKHAM. money for the farmers, and this meant fewer trips to the local mill and more barrels of western flour. The same changes that undermined the business of the flour mills built a new foundation under the canning, pickling and seed-growing industries. In 1888 William H. Hudson, having developed an important canning busi- ness in Oyster Bay, erected a large canning factory in Mattituck, his sons, William M. and Joseph H., being associated with him in the business. The Mattituck fac- 240 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. tory, situated between the railroad and the North Road,, in the western part of the village, gives employment tO' rhany hands, and offers a steady market every summer for great quantities of asparagus, tomatoes and squash. Cauliflower also has been canned in recent years with good results. The products of this factory are of the highest standard of excellence and command a ready market. The normal output of asparagus for the months of May and June is about 200,000 cans each year. The severe blight which affected the Long Island asparagus crop for several years after 1896 cut down the yield most seriously, but the supply is again approaching the normal. The pickle factory of the Alart & Maguire Company was built near the railroad, at the crossing of Wickham's Lane, in 1889. In this factory vast numbers of cucum- bers have been pickled. The great vats are capable of holding more than a million pickles each. This is one of many houses owned by the company, and is under the management of G. Clarence Cooper, of Mattituck. Like the asparagus the cucumber crop in recent years has suf- fered from a disastrous blight, which has discouraged the farmers who planted largely for pickles. The seed business on a large scale was started in Mat- tituck about 1867, by Francis Brill, who occupied the James J. Kirkup place and improved it as a seed farm for some years. G. Clarence Cooper manages a seed house at the intersection of the railway and the North Road, which he operates in connection with Charles Al- len, a well-known seedsman of Floral Park, L. I. The Long Island Seed Co. was organized in 1904, by John M. Lupton, Robert M. Lupton, William V. Duryee and A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 24I F. B. Garvey. Their handsome building stands north of the railroad track, opposite to the Library Hall. From the beginning this company has done a large and increas- ing business, and its success is assured. Hon. John M. Lupton, its president, still carries on independently his old and established seed business, being one of the most im- portant cabbage seed producers in the country. The extensive hot-houses of Thomas E. Reeve & Son are important in the industrial history of modern Matti- tuck, supplying large quantities of cucumbers, cauliflower, tomatoes, lettuce and radishes to the city markets through- out the year. For a number of years a smaller hot-house was operated in Oregon, by Wm. V. Duryee, who made a successful specialty of carnations. This plant is now operated by B. Oscar Robinson, who raises vegetables for the city market. The Mattituck Transportation Company, incorporated in 1905, inspired by the improvements to the harbor, but not waiting for their completion, has built a dock near the old mill, and handles a considerable share of the produce of the surrounding farms, shipping it to New Haven, Conn. This company will operate power boats of light draft between Mattituck and New Haven until the im- provement of the harbor is accomplished, when steam- boats for both freight and passenger service will be placed on the routes between Mattituck and New Haven and Mattituck and New York. The improvement of the harbor, long desired, was first sought in a definite way by the Village Improvement Society, which later grew into the Mattituck Board of Trade, an organization which has accomplished many things for the betterment of the village. Through the 242 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. earnest and able effort of Congressman Joseph M. Bel- ford the first appropriation of $15,000 for Mattituck was made in the River and Harbor Bill of 1897. With this money a stone breakwater was built on the western side of the inlet. Through the exertions of Congressman Town- send Scudder a further appropriation was made in 1905, of $20,000. This has recently become available, the east- ern breakwater has been built, and with the money on hand a part of the dredging will be accomplished. The work being carried so far forward, its completion in the near future is assured. The present representative in Congress, Hon. Wm. W. Cocks, has shown hearty inter- est in the project. The Board of Trade, to the public spirit and enter- prise of which Mattituck owes this improvement, has for its officers Hon. John M. Lupton, president; George H. Fischer, secretary, and James L. Reeve, treasurer. One of the many good things that the organization has ■accomplished is the establishment of the Mattituck Fire District. Besides the burning of the steam mill, many fires have endangered the central part of the village in years past and efficient protection has been urgently needed. In April, 1906, fire commissioners were elected, and the district covered by a mile radius from the village centre will be guarded in the near future by a well- equipped fire department. The first fire commissioners of Mattituck are Otto P. Hallock, James J. Kirkup and James L. Reeve. It was also at the initiative of the Board of Trade that the Mattituck Bank was established in April, 1905. This institution proves of great advantage to the business ■interests of Mattituck and neighboring villages and is A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 243 supported beyond the conservative expectation of its founders. It is already well established, its permanence and development well assured. The officers of the bank are : President, John M. Lupton ; vice-president, Nat S. Tuthill ; secretary, Arthur L. Downs ; cashier, E. D. Cor- win and assistant cashier, Terry E. Tuthill. The bank has its home in the fine building known as Library Hall, the gift to his native village of Frank M. Lupton, publisher, of New York City. This building was formally opened on February i6th, 1905, with ap- propriate exercises. On the upper floor is a finely ap- pointed hall, with a large, well-equipped stage. The hall will seat seven or eight hundred people. On the lower floor, besides beautiful library and reading rooms and the trustees' room, there are accommodations for the bank and the drug store of Robert H. Lahy. The build- ing is heated with steam and lighted with acetylene gas. For its perpetual maintenance it is endowed by the generous donor. The building and endowment are held by a corporation known as The Mattituck Literary Asso- ciation, in trust for the people of the community. The Library Hall will reflect lasting honor upon the giver and will confer lasting benefit upon the village. The Free Library for which this home is provided was opened May 3, 1902, with 450 volumes. In August, 1903, it was duly incorporated, under the Regents of the University of the State of New York. In 1905 it was moved to its beautiful new room and now has nearly three thousand well-selected volumes. Its reading room is supplied with newspapers and many of the leading periodicals. It is open daily, except Sundays and- legal holidays, from 10 A. M. to 10 P. M., and is well patron- A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 245 ized. The efficient librarian is Elmer D. Tuthill, who has held the position from the beginning. The institution of the library is chiefly due to enthusiastic and per- severing efforts of the Rev. Dudley Oliver Osterheld, then pastor of the Methodist Episcopal Church, The Dramatic Association, the Literary Society and the Lecture Association enjoy the benefit of the Library A COENEK OF THE LIBRARY AND THE READING ROOM. Hall, A successful lecture course, with six or seven entertainments each winter, has been maintained since 1895. This course has been well patronized by the peo- ple of Mattituck and surrounding villages and has in- creased in popularity and excellence each year. The Junior Order of United American Mechanics is represented in Mattituck by a strong council, No. 34, 246 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. with Upwards of one hundred members' This council was organized Sept. 12, 1895. . Of professional men, besides the ministers of the churches and the principal of the school, Mattituck has a resident lawyer, Frank C. Barker, and a physician of experience and recognized ability, Dr. Edward K. Mor- ton. Mattituck responded patriotically in the war of the rebellion. Most of the Mattituck soldiers were in the 127th New York Volunteers, the regiment raised by Col. (now General) Stewart L. Woodford. The names of the men who served in the war, either enlisting from Mattituck or later making the village their home, are : Aldrich, James B., 127th N. Y. Anderson, William, U. S. Col'd Inf. Boutcher, William J., 14th U. S. Inf. Benjamin, John H., 127th N. Y. Bennett, Albert L., 127th N. Y. Briggs, James, 2d N. Y. Collins, John, 127th N. Y. Cox, Daniel R., 57th N. Y. Gould, William E., U. S. Navy. Hallock, Henry M., 127th N. Y. Haney, Anthony, 127th N. Y. Helfrich, Sebastian L., 165th N. Y. Hunt, Robert, 150th N. Y. Jones, Pleasant, R. I. McGinn, Michael, 47th N. Y. '. Mapes, Silas Howell, M. D., surgeon, 60th N. Y. and Knapp's Battery. Mapes, Charles Henry, 65th N. Y. Mapes, S. Edward, 121st N. Y. A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 247 Mayo, Oliver A., 127th N. Y. .:■ Nichols, George W., 165th N. Y. Norton, John R., 127th N. Y. ' ' Pease, Grove, 127th N. Y. ' Rafferty, Joseph, 127th N. Y. Reeve; Edmund P., 133d N. Y. ' Reeve, George B., 127th N. Y. Reeve, Thomas E., 127th N. Y. Teed, Isaac N., 4th N. Y. Tyler, George H., 158th N. Y. Wiggins, Joseph C., 127th N. Y. Wood, George S., 163d N. Y. Wolf, John, I2th N. Y. Mattituck had one representative in the late Span- ish war, Joseph O'Rourke, 4th U. S. Infantry, who met his death in the service of his country in the Philip- pines. The majority of the present inhabitants of Matti- tuck are descendants of the old Southold families, with many representatives also of the old families of other Suffolk County towns. The Dutch families of the western end of the Island are well represented in the Bergen, Duryee, Hamilton, Wyckoff and Waters fami- lies, who came to Mattituck a generation ago because real estate in the vicinity of Brooklyn was growing too valuable to be used for farming. Some of their chilldren who own Sound shore property in Mattituck are in a fair way to enjoy a similar experience. Some of the sub^ stantial citizens, and owners of valuable property are Germans, such as Conrad Grabie, Louis Dohm, John Hiising, John Zenius, Hubert W. Klein, Frederick Bicking, Eniil Myrus and August Dittmann. The found- 248 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. ers of the Boutcher and Kirkup families of Mattituck were Englishmen. E. V. Knipe, also an Englishman by birth, has founded a successful business in Mattituck, and has been a resident for years. The Irish are well repre- sented in the Broderick, Burns, Donovan, Drum, Dimn, Garvey, Kelly, Lindsay, Maguire, McDermott, McMillan, GRAVE-STONES OF ZERUBBABEL AND ESTER (OSMAN) HALLOCK, Ancestors of most of the Hallocks of Mattituck. McNulty, O'Neill, O'Rourke, Rafferty, Rafford, Riley. Shalvey, -Stewart and Walker families. In addition to many summer boarders Mattituck has her cottagers, whose numbers will be largely increased in the future. The shore of Peconic Bay between New Suffolk and Jamesport affords exceedingly attractive sites A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 249 for summer homes, and what was regarded as farm land a few years ago has advanced greatly in value with the demand for building sites. The beautiful summer homes of Stewart Hull Moore, Mrs. Charity Mould, Frank M, Lupton, Judge Henry F. Haggerty, Rev. Robert Rogers, Rev. Wm. A. Wasson, Frank Bray, Louis Schenck, f "•'•^'"M^B^I^^^^^ - j^mM i ^^^ ' ^IPp^i^^' ^ ' ^jjiiiit^ ' fl^^^l ^^^^T^ml N^rMt iW]^^ GRAVE-STONES OF THE HON. JAMES AND DEBORAH REEVE, The donor of the land for the church and burying ground, Samuel Carpenter and John J. McLaughlin are the ad- vance guard of the Bay Shore, and others are to follow. Rear Admiral Charles Dwight Sigsbee, U. S. N., holds an attractive property and expects to build. Robert W. Wells of Laurel is selling his shore front land by the foot instead of by the acre, and Charles W. Wickham is~ dividing a part of his fine shore front into building lots. 250 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. The Sound Shore is beginning to attract the attention of purchasers, and values of northside properties have risen considerably in the past year. The hills that line the shore present most attractive building sites. The outlook across the water to Connecticut, twenty miles distant, is enchanting, and toward the west the view is GRAVE-STONES OF HENRY AND PHEBE TUTHILL,, Grandparents of the wife of President Wm. Henry Harrison. unbroken until the setting sun drops beneath the water. Far out on the Sound the steamers and sailing vessels pass, and near shore the cottagers may see their yachts at anchor, to be brought into Mattituck harbor for safer; keeping when the winter comes. Along the Sound hiUs en either side of the creek a boulevard can be built and doubtless will be built. It is perhaps unsafe for the .A HISTORY. OF MATTITUCK. 25 1 author to leave the sohd ground of history to launch out upon the deep of prophecy, but keeping close to shore he sees the Sound hills lined with' beautiful cot- tages, the beach peopled with bathers, and the water •dotted with yachts and launches. The future of Mattituck with respect to material pros- perity is assured, and there is much reason for the ex- pectation with every reason for the hope that she will maintain also a continual advance in the things that pertain to character and culture. The village has sent out :sons and daughters who, in themselves or their descend- ants, have graced every honorable calling. Not a few distinguished statesmen, jurists, lawyers, ministers of the gospel, teachers, authors, poets, physicians and rep- resentative men in many professions and lines of business activity have sprung from the old Mattituck families, and •countless numbers less distinguished have done good and honest work in the world. Like all country villages Mattituck has sent many of her choicest sons and daugh- ters to the great cities and distant places. The fountain from which this living stream perpetually flows is yet pure and undiminished. While some of her sister vil- lages have gone backward, and some parishes once strong Tiave been depleted, Mattituck has gone forward. Enough of her children have remained at home to work the land, to improve their homes, to maintain the churches and other institutions, and with intelligence, industry and ent- terprise to make progress in many directions. May God's blessing abide upon Mattituck and all her children. 252 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 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OJ fi 1 s ,c 'c? 3- 4) u 3 S o O _a3 'a CD o - t^ > c d JS Is ^ ^ S? 5? ^ S *-" ft t- c- t- c— t- r- t- t— i.~ i~ t^ t^ L^ i^ tr~ t— t- t^ rHiHr-liHrHTHTHTHr-li-l'Hr-lrHi— li-HiHTHi-i-- w e S a IS ^ F ti. t.(-icSj3«a3. r-ft tc^ i||llligslil|IL&|lllif ■32od3ort,(Dt2t>^'Ci25rii^Sroo^o HWPMHO^fqtfW^W!»Wffit^p4Wfaoo^o A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 351 H m >. oi ^ ^ c .-;: o o 2 S M fl CQ 10 T-l 00 53 rH 1-1 '-' (M T-l s^in?; CO M "* ^ t^ 1-1 CO «5 to OS C<1 •* la 00 7-i iH CO *-> r"" r* 1^ fe fe § s p > d c5 « « ^ Q Q d p ji g ^ o3 c^ § g § •-J 1-3 00 d ; o3 t-5 0) fa < P. 0) c 1-5 1-3 in 10 to to CO to «D CO «C 5^ to so" t-" t-" t-" I—" t-" i 00 00 00" oo" 00 00 00 OS C3 OS CS 05 Oi OS cs 0^ Oi OS OS OS OS OS OS OS OS CIS OS OS OS OS t^ c- t- t~- t- t- t- t~ t- t- t~ t~ t~ t~ r~ t- c- t~ c- c- L^ t~ t- c- c- G (J' 03 anning, Col. Phin ike, Amaziah ubbard, Harry "d S .G 03 o3 5 ^ Pi bii ;-i to > 03 . a> a c OS to i-s -d" C >> 0) o3 ^ !> ,0 a 3 352 A HISTORY OF MATTITUCK. 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Academy, Franklinville, 199. Aldrich, Peter, 68. Allen, Rev. G. W., 190. Alvord, Rev. E. P., 190. Aquebogue, meaning of, 18; spelling of, 26. Aquebogue Dividend, 31. Armstrong, Mary, 107. Bailey, Rev. Benjamin, 159, 161. Bank, The Mattituck, 242. Bank for Support of Gospel, 95, 161, 166. Baptism on indulgent plan, lOS, 117. Barker, Frank C, 246; house of, 84, 210, 211 (illustration). Barker, Rev. Nehemiah, 110, 115, 116. Battle of Long Island. 140, 144. Bayly, Capt. John, 140. Belford, Hon. Joseph M., 199, 242. Board of Trade, The Mattituck, 242. Boat building, 235. Booth, John, 30, 32, 33. Booth's Hill, 34. Breakwater, 242. Brill, Francis, 240. Brown, Samuel, 49. Burying-ground, 154, 157. Bushnell, Alexander, 212. Camp lot, 119. Canning factory, 239. Canoe Path (or Place), 15, 17, 28 Cemetery, Bethany, 159. Census of 1698, 72. Choir, 170, 179. Church, The Aquebogue, 97, 102; becomes the Jamesport Con- gational, 177. Church, The Cutchogue Presby- terian, 117, 151. Church, The Cutchogue Roman Catholic, 193. Church, The Franklinville, 169, 176, 186. Church. The Methodist Episco- pal, 170, 177, 189, 190 (illustra- tion), 191. Church, The Presbyterian, 180 (illustration); founded, 86; deed for land of, 87 (illustration); first edifice, 88; second ediflce, 169, 170; agreement to build, 171 (illustration) ; third edifice, 177, 179; rebuilt, ISO; first incorpora- tion, 151; incorporation in Union Parish, 161; incorpora- tion as Mattituck Society, 176; members of, in 1752, 101, 104. Church, The Upper Aquebogue, 103. Church of the Redeemer, The Protestant Episcopal, 191 (il- lustration), 192. Clark, Anna, 114; John, 113; John, Revolutionary soldier. 145, 146 (illustration); John 3d, 210; Richard, 31, 59; Samuel, 54, 69; Samuel, Jr., 106; Thomas, 69. Cleveland, Mrs. Ency Hubbard, 105 (illustration). Coleman, William, 59. Cook, Rev. Thomas, 192. Conegums Creek, 15, 16, 21. Corwin, James, 53. 130; old house of, 52 (illustration): John, 30, 151; Lieut. John, 140; Major John, 142; Matthias, 51; The- ophilus, 24.. 51, 68. 75. Cove, The, 17 (illustration). Cox family, five generations of, 112 (illustration) ; note on, 75. Cox's Lane, 57. Cox's Neck, 58, 216. Craven, Rev. Charles E., 187. Cutchogue, meaning of, 18; spelling of, 26. Cutchogue Dividend, 27, 28, 30, 31. Cutchogue Neck, 32. Darby, Rev. John, 96. Darby's Branch, 97 (illustra- tion). Davenport. Rev. John, 116, 117. Davis, Capt. Gilbert, 81. Deacon, early importance of of- fice of, 109. Deed for parish land, 87 (illus- tration). Deeds, Indian, 14. Dickerson. Philemon, 30, 42. Dingee, Henry A., gives land for P. E. Church, 191. 398 INDEX. Downs, Arthur L., parish clerk, 189; residence of, 235 (illustra- tion). Duryee, John W., 185 (illustra- tion). Edwards, Rev. R. M., 192. Elders of Presbyterian Church, in 1826, 168; in 1854, 177, 178 (il- lustration); group of, 185 (illus- tration); present, 189. Elijah's Lane, 224. Ellsworth Tuthill Road, 224. Elton, John, 30, 53. Ely, Wells, 204. Fanning, Col. Phineas, plun- dered, 124. Farming, change in methods of, 224 Fertilizer, fish, 228; commercial, 231; factory, 2.31. Fire district, 242. Fishing. 228. Flag of Truce, British Permit for, 134, 135 (Illustration). Fort Neck, 32. Franklinville Academy, 199. Franklinville Church, 169, 176, 186. Freight transported by water, 164, 196. Gardiner, David, 69; John, ref- ugee, plundered, 125. Gardiner's Neck, 36, 201. Garretson. Rev. .George R., 186. Gilbert, Rev. Lyman C, 170. Gildersleeve, Andrew, 178 (illus- tration), 179, 210. Goering. Rev. H. A.. 190. Goldsmith, John, 49; Joshua, purchases hotel property, 43; Rev. Benjamin, 150, 152, 153. Grave-stones, of Zerubbabel and Esther Hallock, 248 (illustra- tion) ; of James and Deborah Reeve, 249 (illustration) ; of Henry and Phebe Tuthill, 250 (illustration). Haggerty, Judge Henry F., cot- tage of, 232 (illustration). Hallock, Benjamin Goldsmith, 213; Benjamin Laurens, 215; Bethuel. 215; David B., 213; John, 66, 68; Luther. 218; Peter, 73, 114; Thomas, 69, 73; Thomas, father of the M. E. Church, 189; William, 31, 62, 68; Zerub- babel, 113. Hamlin, Rev. James T., 174, 175 (illustration), ISl, 182, 184. Harris, Rev. Edward, 174. Harrison, President Benjamin, ancestors of, 77, 114. Heads of families in Southold in 1661, 29. Hedges, 63; lopped trees in, 64 (illustration). Hedges, Rev. William, 182, 184. Highways, 13, 22, 23, 24, 37, 55, 218, 223. Hillman, Rev. James W., 187. Horton, Barnabas B., 178 (illus- tration), 189; Benjamin, 56; John Franks, 178 (illustration),. 197, 203, 206; Jonathan, 151; Lieut. David, 140. Horton family, 206. Horton's Creek, 21. Horton's Neck, 212. Houses, old, 81; illustrations of, 45, 47, 52, 82, 83, 84, 211, 214. Howard, George W., 216; Louis I., 112 (illustration). Howell, Gershom, 203, 204; Isaac R., 185 (illustration); Joel C, house of, 84 (illustration); Richard, 59, 62, 66, 68, 69, 73. Howell Road, 224. Hot houses, 241. Hubbard, Isaac, 104; John, 42, 59; Nathaniel, house of, 214 (il- lustration). Hudson, Bethiah, 114; Ensign Nathaniel, 140; Obadiah, 46. 114. Humphreys, Rev. George W., 190. Huntting, Rev. Jonathan, 170. Indian a tenant, 40. Indian Canoe Place, 17. Indian deeds, 14. Indian Field, 32. 55. Indian names, 14, 15, 16, 18, 20, 26 (note), 28 (note), 33. Inventory of Parish Property, 167 (illustration). Ives, Rev. Jesse, 116. Jessup, Rev. C. A., 192. Johnson, Rebecca, 107. Kidd's tree, 128, 129 (ilkistra- tion). King, Samuel, 30, 55. Lamb, Rev. Joseph, first pastor, 90. Land grant to Revolutionary soldier, 147 (illustration). Land values. 38. 78, 232. Lane, Rev. O. C, 190. Laurel Lake, 60 (illustration). Layton, Rev. William A., 190. Leavens, Rev. George, 190. Lecture Association, 245. Leek, Mary and Philip, 107. Library, The Mattituck Free, 243 Library Hall, 243, 244 (illustra- tion). Lists of names. 30. 66, 68, 72, 95, 101, 104, 113, 142, 154, 199, 246. Literary Association, The Mat- tituck, 243. Literary Society. 245. Long Island Railroad, 194, 222. INDEX. 399 Long Island Seed Company, 240. Lopped trees, 64 (illustration). Lots in Curchaug and Occa- bauck Dividends, 31. Love Lane, 224. Luce, Rev. Abraham, 166, 170. Lupton, Frank M., cottage of, 230 (illustration) ; gives Library Hall, 243; John M., residence of, 237 (illustration); Josiah, 53. Lynch, Rev. James, 193. Maiden Lane, 224. Mails and mail carriers, 195. Manor, The, 34, 54, 55. Manor Hill, 34. Marratooka Lake, "a greate ffresh pond," 37 (illustration). Mapes, Jabez, 58; Thomas, 31, 55, 57, 66, 67. Mapes Neck, 58, 70. Mather, Rev. Nathaniel, 90, 97. Mathews, Mayor David, letter from, 137 (illustration). Matthews, Robert, 70. Mattituck, location of, 13; mean- ing of, 18; surveyed, 26; first proprietors of, 30, 31. Mattituck Bay, or Creek, 13, 16. 19, 128. Mattituck Harbor, 241. Meadow lands, 20, 21. Mechanics, The Junior Order of United American, 245. Middle Road, 224. Mill Lane, 219. Missionary societies, 186, ISS. Morton, Dr. Edward K., 246. Nabiachage, name for Matti- tuck, 20. Nash, Rev. John, 190. Nelson, Rev. Julius, 190, 191. New Haven Colony, 16, 29. Nichols, Rev. H. F., 190. Oregon Road, 216. Organ, pipe, 187. Osborne, Rev. T. G., 190. Osman, Jacob, 74; John, 69; Thomas, 61, 66, 68; note on name, 74. Osterheld, Rev. Dudley Oliver, 190 245. Overton, Thomas, 49, 204. Oysterponds Dividend, 28. Oysters of Mattituck Creek, 236. Pacific Street, 224. Park, Rev. Joseph, 98, 110. Parshall family, 106. Parsonage, ancient, 93, 94; of Union Parish, 162, 166; present, 181. Peconic Bay, meaning of name of, 18; scalloping in, 234; shore front, 248. Perine, Rev. J. E., 190. Perriauger, 236. Pessapuncke Neck, 32, 34, 36; "sweating place," 33. Pest house, 205. Pequash Neck, ancient town bound, 27; meaning of, 28; ownership of, 27, 133. Pickle factory, 240. Pike, Barnabas, 85, 236; Henry, 205, 237; Squire Henry, 225 (il- lustration); William H., 44, 205. Pike Street, 224. Postofflce, 195. Poole's Neck, 32. Population, 13; centre of, 198, 223. Protection Paper, British, 123 (illustration). Furrier, William, 30, 36, 38. Rate lists, 66, 68. Reeve, (iapt. James, Colonial Commission of, 141 (illustra- tion), 151; Capt. Paul, 140; Dea- con Thomas, 43, 72, 104; Debo- rah, 106, 114; Edward, 178 (11- \ lustration), 181; Edward Y., 185 (illustration) ; Elymas, 82 (il- lustration), 203, 206, 208 (illus- tration); Ensign James, 140; George B., 39, 179; Henry, 178 (illustration); Hezekiah, 105; Trad, 225 (illustration); James, 38, 66, 67, 86, 104, 113; James W., 178 (illustration) ; Jonathan, 50, 69; Major Isaac, 140; Rev. Na- thaniel, 163; Selah, 115: Thom- as, 30, 42, 113; Timothy, 207; William, 66, 67. Reeve family, 70. Reeve Place, 209. Reeve's (or James') Creek, 16. Reeve's Neck, 32. Refugees, Revolutionary, 120, 126, 131, 133. Residents of 1840. 201. Revivals of religion, 151, 169, 172, 182. Revolutionary soldiers, 142; hardships of, 131. Revolutionary War, conditions during, 119, 139; tax for, 140. Riverhead town line, 62. Robin's Island Neck, 32. Schools, 198, 199, 201. School-house, 198, 200 (illustra- tion), 201. Separates, 103. Session of Presbyterian Church, first recognized, 109; first min- utes of, 168. Settlers, earliest, 66; circum- stances of, 76. Sewing Society, 189. Shirley. James and John, 197. Shoe factory, 196. Sloops between Mattituck and New York, 41, 194, 195, 202. Smith, Rev. W., 192. Sneden, John, gives church bell, 181. Soper family, 107. 40O index; Sound, Long Island, shore prop- erty, 250. Spinning Society, 164. Stage lines, 194, 197. Steam mill. 238. Stores, old, 197. Storrs, Rev. John, 119. Sunday School, 48 (illustration), Swa'sey, John, 31, 60, 66, 68; Jo- seph, 66, 68. Taft, Mrs. M. Alice, 201. Tanneries, 47, 234. Tavern, 42, 83 (illustration). Terrell, Barnabas, 44, 45 (illus- tration); Bethiah, 106; Thomas, 66, 67. 73, 76. Terry, David, 49, 203; Gershom, 49. Tide-mill, 217 (illustration), 238. Thompson, Rev. R. W., 190. Town meetings in Mattituck, 145. Trades, SO, 233. Training, 220. Trustees, of Methodist Episco- pal Church, 191; of Presbyte- rian Church, 151, 162, 177, 189. Tusten, Thomas, 54, 56, 66. Tuthill, Capt. Ellsworth, 227 (il- lustration); Capt. Ira, 202, 225 (illustration); Elmer D., libra- rian, 245; Henry and Phebe, 77; J Smith, 225 (illustration); John, 31, 49, 59, 61; Lieut. John, 140. Union Parish, 161, 162, 176. Vail. Jeremiah, 30, 55. Valuation of land, 38, 78, 232. Values about 1700, 78. Vauxhall Garden, 212. Vosseller, Rev. D. B., 190. Wallace, Rev. R. Howard, 187. War, soldiers in Civil, 246; Rev- olutionary, 142; Spanish, 247. Warner, Judge David, 166; Na- thaniel, 88, 104. Wasson, Rev. William A., 192, 193. Webb, Ebenezer, 204. Weeks, Rev. Robert, 192. Weller, Rev. W. W., 190. Wells, John, 132; Joshua, 106, 110; William, 30, 49, 114. West, Rev. George W., 192. Whitaker, Rev. Dr. Bpher, 117, 183. Wickham, Charles W., 37, resi- dence of, 239 (illustration); John, 49; Joseph P., 48, 179, 225 (illustration); Parnel, 125; Phebe Moore, 48. Vk^iggins, Orrin T., 218. Williamson, John, 113. Wills, Long Island, recorded in New York, 139. "^Vindmills, 237. Wines. Barnabas, 40, 41, 69, 81, 195; Salem, 234; William, 195. Wolf-pit, 35 (illustration), 46. Woodbridge, Rev. William G., 186. Worth, James, 202. Yerks, Rev. I. S., 190. Young, Capt. Selah, 185 (illus- tration); Joseph, 30, 39, 59; Lieut. Joshua, 140. Young People's Society of Christian Endeavor, 187, 188. 0£CiJ4 l^b -<;- V %\'^' '^-- ^.\ .'?-■ "■^./'Tf^l-'^^ '. % 1 %j5^ ,V o^^- V "5 ^=5^-4 .s^ -5^ 'i ' ■ LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 014 109 417 8 O 'I I illi ! ! li'iiii^ iiiiillljill ijii